terms from foreign languages used in mathematics (html version)

terms from foreign languages used in mathematics (html version)

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Following are from foreign that appear in mathematical literature. Each (TeX tabular) contains from the foreign indicated. The foreign are ordered according to how many appear in its corresponding . In each , the are listed in alphabetical .

1

Latin

abbr.

literal

mathematical usage

a fortiori

with stronger reason

used in logic to denote an to the effect that because one ascertained fact exists; therefore another which is included in it or analogous to it and is less improbable, unusual, or surprising must also exist

a priori

from the former

already known/assumed

ad absurdum

to absurdity

an

assumption

is made in hopes of obtaining a

contradiction

[

reductio ad absurdum

is also used]

ad infinitum

to

infinity

endlessly, infinitely

casus irreducibilis

not-reducible case

roots real but not expressible via real

http://planetmath.org/Radical5

radicals

cf.

confer

compare

used to suggest that another work might also be consulted in to that

et al.

et alii

and others

used in multi-author references but it is customary to include all the authors in the first citation and/or in the bibliography

e.g.

exempli gratia

for example’s sake

for example

ibid.

ibidem

in the same

relates to the immediately prior

i.e.

id est

that is

that is

inf

inferior

,

infimum

lowest

limit inferior

;

greatest lower bound

inter alia

among other things

among other things

loc. cit.

loco citato

in the already mentioned

relates to before the immediately prior citation [probably less frequent than op. cit.]

lb

logarithmus binaris

binary logarithm

log. in base 2

lg

logarithmus generalis

general

logarithm

log. in base 10

ln

logarithmus naturalis

natural logarithm

log. in base

e

mutatis mutandis

once changing thing to be changed

repeat the for the related case

N.B.

nota bene

note well

the following is important

op. cit.

opere citato

in the work already mentioned

relates to before the immediately prior citation [probably more frequent than loc. cit.]

QED

quod erat demonstrandum

which was to be demonstrated

end of proof

QEF

quod erat faciendum

which was to be done

end of construction

regula falsi

rule of false position

Newton’s method

sine qua non

without which it could not be

an essential condition or

element

; an indispensable thing

sup

superior

,

supremum

uppermost

limit superior

;

http://planetmath.org/LowestUpperBound

least

upper bound

viz

videlicet

that is to say, namely

a keynote abbreviation

2

German

abbr.

literal

mathematical usage

Ansatz

approach, attempt

assumed form for an expression

eigen

, typical

eigenvalue; eigenvector

Grösse, Größe

size, magnitude

Grössencharacter

Faltung

folding

convolution

im kleinen

in the small

connected im kleinen

Nullstellensatz

zero point

zero point

Stufe

stair,

stufe of a field

Urelement

primeval element

set element which is not a set

V

,

K

4

Vierergruppe

four-group

Klein 4-group

ℤ

Zahlen

numbers

integers

Z

Zentrum

http://planetmath.org/GroupCentre

center

http://planetmath.org/GroupCentre

center (of a group)

3

French

abbr.

literal

mathematical usage

espace

space

(topological) space [see Espace Étalé]

étale

slack

étale

fundamental group

;

http://planetmath.org/Etale

étale

morphism

; étale site

étalé

spread out, displayed

http://planetmath.org/EtaleSpace3

Étalé space

p.p.

presque partout

almost everywhere

http://planetmath.org/AlmostSurely

almost everywhere

4

Russian

abbr.

literal

mathematical usage

∂

italic ‘‘д’’ [may be pronounced ‘‘doh’’]

letter ‘‘d’’

e.g. in

∂

⁡

f

∂

⁡

x

[see

partial derivative

]

Title

terms from foreign

languages

used in mathematics (html version)

Canonical name

TermsFromForeignLanguagesUsedInMathematicshtmlVersion

Date of creation

2013-03-22 16:00:07

Last modified on

2013-03-22 16:00:07

Owner

Wkbj79 (1863)

Last modified by

Wkbj79 (1863)

Numerical id

53

Author

Wkbj79 (1863)

Entry type

Topic

Classification

msc 00A99

Classification

msc 00A20

Related topic

TermsFromForeignLanguagesUsedInMathematicsPageImagesVersion

Related topic

MathematicsVocabulary

Related topic

ApplicationOfCauchyCriterionForConvergence

Defines

a fortiori

Defines

a priori

Defines

ad absurdum

Defines

ad infinitum

Defines

Ansatz

Defines

cf.

Defines

confer

Defines

doh

Defines

eigen

Defines

espace

Defines

et al.

Defines

et alii

Defines

étale

Defines

étalé

Defines

e.g.

Defines

exempli gratia

Defines

ibid.

Defines

ibidem

Defines

i.e.

Defines

id est

Defines

inter alia

Defines

logarithmus binaris

Defines

binary logarithm

Defines

logarithmus generalis

Defines

gen

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