Internationalization

Internationalization

Internationalization

1

Introduction

Currently Noosphere does not support entries written in languages other than English, but it is possible to include text in foreign languages. This document explains how to do that.

2

Accents

Most Latin languages use accents above the letters. In English there are two letters that have accents, ‘i’ and ‘j’, and they can be typeset by typing them directly. Any other letter can be typed as

\{accent}{letter}

where

accent

is any one of the accents in the table below and

letter

is any letter except ‘i’ and ‘j’. That would produce accent

accent

on top of letter

letter

. In order to replace the dot in ‘i’ or ‘j’ by some other accent use

\{accent}\i

and

\{accent}\j

. If

accent

is a letter, then the

letter

has to be enclosed in braces.

Accent

Code

Example(code)

Example(result)

Acute

\’

\’a \’\i

á í

Grave

\‘

\‘a \‘\i

à ì

Circumflex

\^

\^a \^\i

â î

Tilde

\~

\~a \~\i

ã ĩ

Diaeresis

\"

\"a \"\i

ä ï

Double acute

\H

\H{o} \H{e}

ő e̋

Caron

\v

\v{c} \v{D}

č Ď

3

Typing directly

If your keyboard allows the input of characters in latin alphabet like ÃÂ©, ÃÂ±, ÃÂ^2, ÃÂ, ÃÂ«, you may use them directly in your entries by including

\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}

on your document preamble. Users of Macintosh

computers

should use

applemac

instead of

latin1

. Some other available encondings are

cp1250, cp1257, macce

for users of eastern and central europe, baltic, Macintosh central Europe encodings.
Package

inputenc.sty

obsoletes the packages

isolatin.sty

and

umlaut.sty

(see

An essential guide to LaTex

2

ε

usage

)

If you have a Unicode-complaint browser and you know how to type the foreign characters directly, you may do so. Currently, this is only supported for most characters found in Latin languages, and for Russian language. If you would like to see support for another language, please file

a bug report

which includes the

Unicode range

of the characters you want and their TeX encodings.

Note:

Noosphere does not support direct typing of foreign characters in titles. Please, use accent commands and \cyrXXX commands (see below).

4

Russian

In order to type Russian text the following lines have to be added to the preamble:

\usepackage[T2A]{fontenc}
\usepackage[russian,english]{babel}

Russian text can be entered directly or if your browser or operating system does not support Unicode, by means of the following commands:

Name

Look

Code

Name

Look

Code

A

а А

\cyra \CYRA

Er

р Р

\cyrr \CYRR

Be

б Б

\cyrb \CYRB

Es

с С

\cyrs \CYRS

Ve

в В

\cyrv \CYRV

Te

т Т

\cyrt \CYRT

Ghe

г Г

\cyrg \CYRG

U

у У

\cyru \CYRU

De

д Д

\cyrd \CYRD

Ef

ф Ф

\cyrf \CYRF

Ye

е Е

\cyre \CYRE

Ha

х Х

\cyrh \CYRH

Yo

ё Ё

\cyryo \CYRYO

Tse

ц Ц

\cyrc \CYRC

Zhe

ж Ж

\cyrzh \CYRZH

Che

ч Ч

\cyrch \CYRCH

Ze

з З

\cyrz \CYRZ

Sha

ш Ш

\cyrsh \CYRSH

I

и И

\cyri \CYRI

Shcha

щ Щ

\cyrchsh \CYRCHSH

I short

й Й

\cyrishrt \CYRISHRT

Hard sign

ъ Ъ

\cyrhrdsn \CYRHRDSN

Ka

к К

\cyrk \CYRK

Yeru

ы Ы

\cyrery \CYRERY

El

л Л

\cyrl \CYRL

Soft sign

ь Ь

\cyrsftsn \CYRSFTSN

Em

м М

\cyrm \CYRM

E

э Э

\cyrever \CYREREV

En

н Н

\cyrn \CYRN

Yu

ю Ю

\cyryu \CYRYU

O

о О

\cyro \CYRO

Ya

я Я

\cyrya \CYRYA

Pe

п П

\cyrp \CYRP

5

Cédilles

French, Portuguese, and Romanian use letters containing diacritical markings called cédilles.

Name

Code

Example(code)

Example(result)

cédille

\c

\c{c} \c{s} \c{t}

ç ş ţ

6

Ligatures

TeX will make the ligatures for ‘‘fi’’ and ‘‘fl’’ automatically. The German ligature ‘‘ß’’ (for ‘‘ss’’) will only be made if explicitly indicated, by

{\ss}

. (There is one other way, but this way generally works better with Noosphere.)

Title

Internationalization

Canonical

name

Internationalization1

Date of creation

2013-03-11 19:21:09

Last modified on

2013-03-11 19:21:09

Owner

bbukh (348)

Last modified by

(0)

Numerical id

1

Author

bbukh (0)

Entry type

Definition

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