标题：Reed Elsevier
简介
重要人物：CEO: Sir Crispin Davis；Chairman: Jan Hommen  年营业额：&pound;5,398 million (2006) 
税前盈余：&pound;1,210 million (2006) 
净利：&pound;623 million (2006) 
员工数：36,000 
子公司：Elsevier、LexisNexis、Harcourt Education、Reed Business Information
2002年，里德国际公司和爱思唯尔公司各分别易名为Reed Elsevier PLC和Reed Elsevier NV。前者在英国伦敦证交所（LSE）挂牌，代码REL，持有出版集团的50%股权和金融集团的39%股权；后者在泛欧股票交易所（Euronext）挂牌，代码REN，持有出版集团的50%股权和金融集团的61%股权。
历史沿革
里德国际公司成立于1894年英国，创始人是Albert E. Reed，从新闻用纸制造商起家。公司原以创始人Albert Reed为名，1903年Albert Reed & Co.公开发行，1970后年陆续易名为Reed International Ltd（1970），Reed International PLC（1982），到现在的Reed Elsevier PLC（2002） 。 
爱思唯尔公司 　　1951年Elsevier NV出版公司成立
出版物
《细胞》(杂志)（Cell） 
《柳叶刀》医学期刊|（The Lancet）或译《刺胳针》 
荷兰《医学文摘》（Excerpta Medica Database） 
《Tetrahedron Letters》 
《新科学人》（New Scientist） 
[编辑]里德爱思唯尔集团旗下子公司
Academic Press 
Butterworth Heinemann 
Cahners Business Information 
Cahners Travel Group 
Churchill Livingstone 
Elsevier Business Information 
Elsevier Opleidingen 
Elsevier Science 
Les Editions du Juris-Classeur 
LexisNexis 
Reed Business Information 
Reed Educational & Professional Publishing 
Reed Exhibition Companies 
Reed Technology and Information Services 
Springhouse Corporation 
Staempfli Verlag 
Martindale-Hubbell 
Mosby 
Pan European Publishing Company 
W. B. Saunders 
Reed Elsevier
Reed Elsevier has a proud heritage stretching back to the late 19th century and to the pioneering work of two industrialists, one English, one Dutch.
Albert E Reed laid part of the foundations of what is today Reed Elsevier when he set up a newsprint manufacturing plant in England in 1894. His business became a public company under his own name in 1903
It was not until 1970 that the company was renamed Reed International Limited. It expanded through merger and acquisitions and by producing industrial magazines through its subsidiary IPC Business Press Ltd and consumer magazines through IPC Magazines Ltd. In 1982 the name changed again to Reed International PLC and, in 2002, to Reed Elsevier PLC.
Other foundations for the group were laid in 1880, when Jacobus George Robbers set up a publishing company in Rotterdam. He called it Elsevier after a 16th Century family of booksellers and printers who had, among other things, published the works of the Dutch philosopher, Erasmus. 
In 1951, Elsevier Press Inc was set up in the US. Some ten years later offices had been opened in New York and London. The rapid growth continued in the 1970s and by the end of that decade the company had been renamed Elsevier Scientific Publishers. Other acquisitions and mergers continued this growth, including the purchase of the UK’s Pergamon Press in 1991, two years before the merger that created Reed Elsevier.
It has three target markets – Science and Medical(20.59 and 21.45 billion$, ), Legal and Risk Management(15.79 billion$, ), and Business publishing( 21.99billion$, ). 
The Thomson Corporation 
The Thomson Corporation is a global leader in providing essential electronic workflow solutions to business and professional customers. With operational headquarters in Stamford, Conn., Thomson provides value-added information, software tools and applications to professionals in the fields of law, tax, accounting, financial services, scientific research and healthcare. The Corporation's common shares are listed on the New York and Toronto stock exchanges 
Thomson Reuturs：In reviewing the history of Thomson we can find that It expanded through merger and acquisitions , and merger is the basic way to realize its various businesses
2001 
· Thomson acquires NewsEdge Corporation, a global provider of real-time news and information. 
· Thomson acquires select higher education and corporate training businesses of Harcourt General. 
· Thomson acquires FindLaw, the leader in free online legal information and services. 
· The Globe and Mail becomes part of Bell Globemedia, a Canadian multimedia company, in which The Thomson Corporation holds a 20% ownership position. 
· 2003 
· Thomson sells print-based healthcare magazines. 
· Thomson acquires Elite Information Group, a leading provider of integrated practice and financial management applications for legal and professional services markets 
· Thomson sells its 20% interest in Bell Globemedia Inc. for $279 million to The Woodbridge Company Limited. The sale of Bell Globemedia, including the Corporation's interest in The Globe and Mail, is the culmination of the Thomson strategy to exit the newspaper business undertaken in February 2000. 
· Reuters launches Reuters Knowledge opening up a new market on the buy-side of the financial services industry
· 2004 
· Thomson acquires Information Holdings Inc., a provider of intellectual property and regulatory information for the scientific, legal, and corporate markets to further advance its capability to develop pharmaceutical and intellectual property solutions. 
· Thomson acquires TradeWeb, a fast-growing and leading online global trading platform for fixed-income securities. 
· Thomson sells Thomson Media group, comprised of leading print-based information products, to Investcorp. 
· Thomson acquires CCBN, a provider of web-based solutions for the investment community, to further expand its offerings for the corporate communications market. 
· Thomson sells DBM (Drake Beam Morin), which was acquired along with other Harcourt assets in 2001, to Compass Partners International Limited. 
· 2005 
· Thomson Financial partnered with Merrill Lynch to complete the rollout of more than 23,000 workstations across more than 550 Merrill Lynch offices.  
· Thomson acquires Global Securities Information, Inc., a leading provider of online securities and securities-related information and research services.  
· Thomson acquires Tax Partners®, LLC, the nation's largest sales and use tax compliance service firm enabling Thomson to offer end-to-end sales and use tax solutions. 
· Thomson introduces the launch of Thomson Pharma bringing an indispensable information solution to the workflow of the drug discovery and development process. 
· Reuters transfers its London headquarters from Fleet Street to Canary Wharf. All London employees, including editorial, are brought into one building. 
· 2006 
· Kenneth R. Thomson, former chairman of the Board of The Thomson Corporation, dies at the age of 82. 
· Thomson Healthcare acquires Solucient, a leading healthcare information provider of data and advanced analytics that hospitals and health systems use to improve performance and lower costs. 
· Thomson Scientific acquires Scholar One, web-based workflow solution for authoring, evaluating and publishing research to more than two million users.  
· Thomson Financial acquires Quantitative Analytics, Inc., a leading provider of database integration and analysis solutions to the financial services industry. 
· Thomson Healthcare acquires MercuryMD, Inc., the leading provider of mobile information systems serving the healthcare market. 
· Reuters launches the first news bureau in the virtual world of Second Life. 
· Reuters launches two products that allow its news output to be "read" by machines for the purposes of automated trading for the first time.
· 2007
· The Thomson Corporation and Reuters Group PLC announce that they are in discussions for the combination of their two businesses. 
· Thomson completes sale of higher education, careers and library reference assets of Thomson Learning on July 5. 
· 2008
· The Thomson Corporation and Reuters Group PLC combine to form Thomson Reuters.
兼并是它实现多种经营的基本手段。除了多元化的经营理念、以人为本（human-oriented ）的服务理念外，为了适应时代的进步和要求，积极应用信息技术、提供各类电子解决方案，积极拓展国际市场也成为汤姆森集团重要的发展理念。
汤姆森是全球主要的金融信息提供商之一。目前在全球雇员人数约为3.2万，去年销售收入66亿美元。该集团创办者罗伊·汤姆森上世纪30年代着手建造他的传媒王国。目前，以戴维·汤姆森为首的汤姆森家族拥有220亿美元资产，是世界第10大富豪。 
路透其历史可追溯到1849年，当时，德裔移民保罗·路透通过他的45只信鸽，在德国亚琛与比利时的布鲁塞尔之间传递股市行情。经过一个半世纪的发展，路透集团已发展为一个集新闻信息、财经服务、投资管理于一身的大型跨国公司。 
2008年，汤姆森成功并购路透，合并后的新公司年收入达到约60亿英镑，从而取代美国彭博新闻社，成为全球最大金融信息服务提供商。两家公司合并后，路透现任首席执行官汤姆·格洛瑟将成为新公司首席执行官。新公司将拥有4．9万名员工，年收入约为120亿美元，在全球金融信息市场占据约34%的份额。 
二、大学出版
英国的大学出版是伴随着学术出版而发展起来的，二次世界大战以后，随着英国国内高等教育的发展，学术出版业也获得了发展的机会。到20世纪60年代，英国形成了一个较为完善的学术出版业。
除了一牛津大学出版社（Oxford University Press, OUP）和剑桥大学出版社(Cambridge University Press, CUP)为首的主力军外，市场上还活跃着众多商业出版社如麦克米伦出版公司( Macmillian )、路特里奇与克干×保罗出版社( Routledge & Kegan Paul )、布莱克维尔出版社(Black-well)、米苏恩出版社(Methuen)、爱德华×阿诺出版社(Edward Arnold)以及艾伦×昂文出版社(Allen & Unwin)等。
从20世纪70年代开始，因果的学术出版逐渐发生变化，在70年代初，英国出现了几家新的出版公司，如哈维斯特出版社（Harvester）,这些出版社主要致力于开拓学术书籍的出口市场，尤其是北美图书馆市场。80年代初期，由于英国国内图书馆消减学术专著的购买量，这一市场开始萎缩。英国中小学术出版社库存猛增，加之1979年的经济危机导致学术出版社之间的购并。到了20世纪90年代，英国学术出版业经过重组、形成了6家出版巨头。他们分别是OUP, CUP, Macmillian, Routledge & Kegan Paul (Tomson) ,Black-well and Longman(Pearson).这6巨头左右了英国4亿英镑的学术出版市场。
牛津和剑桥出版社免于被收购主要归功于政府政策倾斜，当然离不开出版社自身的开拓，他们对英国的学术出版和世界学术出版的双子星座，他们的历史和现状从某种意义上来说代表了英国乃至世界学术出版的历史和现状。
牛津大学创办于1478年，已有500多年的历史，年营业额达到5000多万英镑，从业人员2000有人，出版社分为4个部门，即专业书部、一般书部、教育部和国际部。其中专业书部的规模最大。
Academic & Professional Books andJournals
Humanities, Social Sciences, Law, Science, Medicine, Journals, Music, Oxford World's Classics
Teaching andLearning
English Language Teaching, School and FE Textbooks, Children's Fiction and Poetry, Higher Education Textbooks
Dictionaries andReference
English Dictionaries, Bilingual Dictionaries, Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Reference, Children's/School Dictionaries and Reference, ELT Dictionaries
The most successful case: Oxford English Dictionary (1958-1928) , covering 414825 words
Oxford claimed that in the world six persons buy its dictionary every minute.
And Bible