标题：己烷
简介
中文名称:
煤油
中文同义词:
加氢的石油磺化重石脑油;汽油;己烷;煤油;C8-10 烷/环烷/芳烃类;双丙基
英文名称:
PETROLEUM ETHER
英文同义词:
N-HEXANE D;N-HEXANES;N-HEXYLHYDRIDE;PETROLEUM SPIRIT 80/100;PETROLEUM SPIRIT 60/80;PETROLEUM SPIRIT 40-60;PETROLEUM SPIRIT 100/120;PETROLEUM SPIRIT
 俄语名称 ГексанCAS号:
64742-82-1
分子式:
C6H14
分子量:
86.18
EINECS号:
203-777-6

物质毒性
编号
毒性类型
测试方法
测试对象
使用剂量
毒性作用
1
急性
Inhalation 
Human 
190 ppm/8W 
1.周围神经毒性Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - structural change in nerve or sheath
2
急性
口服
Rodent - rat 
25 mg/kg 
1.Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
3
急性
Inhalation 
Rodent - rat 
48000 ppm/4H 
1.Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
4
急性
Intraperitoneal 
Rodent - rat 
9100 mg/kg 
1.Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
5
急性
Inhalation 
Rodent - mouse 
120 gm/m3 
1.行为毒性Behavi口服- general anesthetic2.肺部、胸部或者呼吸毒性Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression3.心脏毒性Cardiac - other changes
6
急性
Intravenous 
Rodent - mouse 
831 mg/kg 
1.行为毒性Behavi口服- altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)
7
急性
Intravenous 
Rodent - rabbit 
132 mg/kg 
1.Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
8
MutipleDose 
Inhalation 
Rodent - rat 
2000 ppm/12H/24W-I 
1.脊髓神经毒性Spinal Cord - other degenerative changes2.周围神经毒性Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - recording from peripheral motor nerve3.生化毒性Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins
9
MutipleDose 
口服
Rodent - rat 
40 mg/kg/4W-I 
1.营养和代谢系统毒性Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
10
MutipleDose 
Inhalation 
Rodent - rat 
1000 ppm/24H/11W-C 
1.大脑毒性Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS2.行为毒性Behavi口服- muscle weakness3.营养和代谢系统毒性Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
11
MutipleDose 
Inhalation 
Rodent - rat 
1 pph/6H/13W-I 
1.大脑毒性Brain and Coverings - changes in brain weight2.营养和代谢系统毒性Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
12
MutipleDose 
Inhalation 
Rodent - rat 
476 ppm/6H/4W-I 
1.肺部、胸部或者呼吸毒性Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes2.生化毒性Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases3.生化毒性Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - dehydrogenases
13
MutipleDose 
Inhalation 
Rodent - rat 
3000 ppm/6H/2Y-I 
1.营养和代谢系统毒性Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
14
MutipleDose 
Inhalation 
Rodent - rat 
500 ppm/24H/9W-C 
1.周围神经毒性Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change2.营养和代谢系统毒性Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
15
MutipleDose 
Intraperitoneal 
Rodent - rat 
18900 mg/kg/35D-I 
1.周围神经毒性Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - recording from afferent nerve2.周围神经毒性Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - recording from peripheral motor nerve3.营养和代谢系统毒性Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
16
MutipleDose 
Intraperitoneal 
Rodent - rat 
4788 mg/kg/7D-I 
1.肝毒性Liver - other changes2.血液毒性Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)3.生化毒性Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - multiple enzyme effects
17
MutipleDose 
Inhalation 
Rodent - rat 
1200 ppm/12H/16W-I 
1.周围神经毒性Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - recording from peripheral motor nerve2.营养和代谢系统毒性Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain3.生化毒性Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins
18
MutipleDose 
Inhalation 
Rodent - mouse 
10000 ppm/6H/13W-I 
1.嗅觉毒性Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified2.行为毒性Behavi口服- changes in motor activity (specific assay)3.血液毒性Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified)
19
MutipleDose 
Intraperitoneal 
Bird - chicken 
18 mg/kg/90D-I 
1.周围神经毒性Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - structural change in nerve or sheath2.行为毒性Behavi口服- ataxia3.慢性病相关毒性Related to Chronic Data - death
20
SkinEyeIrrition 
Administration into the eye 
Rodent - rabbit 
10 mg 
1.Mild
21
Mutation 
Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae 
132 mmol/L 
22
Mutation 
Rodent - hamster Fibroblast 
500 mg/L 
23
Tumorigenic 
Inhalation 
Rodent - rat 
1000 ppm/4H/59W-I 
1.致癌性Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - testicular tumors
24
Tumorigenic 
Inhalation 
Rodent - mouse 
9018 ppm/6H/2Y-I 
1.致癌性Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria2.肝毒性Liver - tumors
25
Reproductive 
Inhalation 
Rodent - rat 
10000 ppm/7H,female 15 day(s) pre-mating 
1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
26
Reproductive 
Inhalation 
Rodent - rat 
1000 ppm/6H,female 8-16 day(s) after conception 
1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)
27
Reproductive 
Inhalation 
Rodent - rat 
5000 ppm/20H,female 6-19 day(s) after conception 
1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
28
Reproductive 
口服
Rodent - mouse 
238 mg/kg,female 6-15 day(s) after conception 
1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
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己烷
正己烷英文名n-Hexane识别CAS号110-54-3PubChem8058ChemSpider7767SMILES显示▼ InChI显示▼ RTECSMN9275000性质化学式C6H14摩尔质量86.18 g·mol外观无色液体密度0.6548 g/ml (液体)熔点−95 °C (178 K)沸点69 °C (342 K)溶解度（水）不可溶黏度0.294 cP，25 °C危险性主要危害易燃(F)有毒性(Xn)对环境有害(N)NFPA 704310 闪点-22.3 ℃自燃温度233.9 ℃相关物质相关烷烃戊烷庚烷相关化学品环己烷若非注明，所有数据均出自一般条件（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。己烷，化学式C6H14，是烷烃中的第六个成员。
己烷是常用的非极性具汽油味的有机溶剂，被广泛应用于色谱法中。
正己烷作为良好的有机溶剂，被广泛使用在化工有机合成，机械设备表面清洗去污等环节。但其具有一定的毒性，会通过呼吸道、皮肤等途径进入人体，长期接触可导致人体出现头痛、头晕、乏力、四肢麻木等慢性中毒症状，严重的可导致晕倒、神志丧失、甚至死亡。
同分异构体
己烷有5种同分异构体。
正己烷
2-甲基戊烷（2-methylpentane）
3-甲基戊烷（3-methylpentane）
2,2-二甲基丁烷（2,2-dimethylbutane）
2,3-二甲基丁烷（2,3-dimethylbutane）
普通命名IUPAC命名结构简式结构式己烷、正己烷己烷CH3(CH2)4CH3异己烷2-甲基戊烷(CH3)2CH(CH2)2CH33-甲基戊烷CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH32,3-二甲基丁烷CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3新己烷2,2-二甲基丁烷CH3C(CH3)2CH2CH3　　其直链化合物是正己烷CH3(CH2)4CH3。