标题：shem ha-mephorash
[edit] History and derivation
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Shemhamphorasch is a corruption of Shem ha-Mephorash, (Hebrew: "the explicit name", can be also be translated as "interpreted name". In Hebrew, however, its primary use is in reference to the tetragrammaton, the 4-letter name of God which should not be pronounced, or said "explicitly"). The name itself is derived from Exodus 14:19-21, three verses each composed of 72 letters; by writing these out in boustrophedon form so that the second line is reversed, and grouping the letters in columns of threes (see table below), the names of 72 angels or intelligences or 72 Names of God are formed.
[edit] Versesוַיִּסַּע מַלְאַךְ הָאֱלֹהִים הַהֹלֵךְ לִפְנֵי מַחֲנֵה יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיֵּלֶךְ מֵאַחֲרֵיהֶם וַיִּסַּע עַמּוּד הֶעָנָן מִפְּנֵיהֶם וַיַּעֲמֹד מֵאַחֲרֵיהֶם׃And the angel of God, which went before the camp of Israel, removed and went behind them; and the pillar of the cloud went from before their face, and stood behind them:וַיָּבֹא בֵּין ׀ מַחֲנֵה מִצְרַיִם וּבֵין מַחֲנֵה יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיְהִי הֶעָנָן וְהַחֹשֶׁךְ וַיָּאֶר אֶת־הַלָּיְלָה וְלֹא־קָרַב זֶה אֶל־זֶה כָּל־הַלָּיְלָה׃And it came between the camp of the Egyptians and the camp of Israel; and it was a cloud and darkness [to them], but it gave light by night [to these]: so that the one came not near the other all the night.וַיֵּט מֹשֶׁה אֶת־יָדֹו עַל־הַיָּם וַיֹּולֶךְ יְהוָה ׀ אֶת־הַיָּם בְּרוּחַ קָדִים עַזָּה כָּל־הַלַּיְלָה וַיָּשֶׂם אֶת־הַיָּם לֶחָרָבָה וַיִּבָּקְעוּ הַמָּיִם׃And Moses stretched out his hand over the sea; and the LORD caused the sea to go [back] by a strong east wind all that night, and made the sea dry [land], and the waters were divided.The arrangement of Hebrew letters (with Roman alphabet transliterations) is as follows:
Shemhamphorasch: The Divided Name181716151413121110987654321יך Kל Lה Hה Hם ‎Mי Iה Hל Lא Aה Hך Kא Aל Lמ Mע Oס Sי Iו Vל Lא Aק Qר Rב Bז Zה Hא Aל Lז Zה Hכ Kל Lה Hל Lי Iל Lה Hי Iו Vם ‎Mי Iה Hל Lע Oו Vד Dי Iת Thא Aה Hש Shמ Mט Tי Iו V363534333231302928272625242322212019המ Mך Kל Lי Iו Vל Lא Aר Rש Shי Iה Hנ Nח Chמ Mי Iנ Nפ Pל Lן Nו Vה Hח Chש Shך Kו Vי Iא Aר Rא Aת Thה Hל Lי Iל Lה Hו Vד Dק Qח Chו Vר Rב Bם‎ Mי Iה Hת Thא Aה Hו Vה Hי Iך Kל Lו V545352515049484746454443424140393837ון Nנ Nע Oה Hד Dו Vמ Mע Oע Oס Sי Iו Vם‎ Mה Hי Iר Rח Chא Aי Iנ Nמ Mח Chנ Nה Hי Iש Shר Rא Aל Lו Vי Iה Hי Iה Hע Oנ Nת Thא Aם‎ Mש Shי Iו Vה Hל Lי Iל Lה Hל Lכ Kה Hז Zע Oם‎ Mי I727170696867666564636261605958575655הם‎ Mה Hי Iר Rח Chא Aמ Mד Dמ Mע Oי Iו Vם‎ Mה Hי Iנ Nפ Pמ Mו Vי Iב Bא Aב Bי Iן Nמ Mח Chנ Nה Hמ Mצ Tzר Rי Iם‎ Mו Vב Bם‎ Mי Iמ Mה Hו Vע Oק Qב Bי Iו Vה Hב Bר Rח Chל Lם‎ Mי Iה H
See the Angels and Demonssub-section for the list of names thus derived 
[edit] Goetia

Solomon's Bronze Vessel
Main article: Goetia
According to European magical tradition, King Solomon is said to have evoked seventy-two demons, confined them in a bronze vessel sealed by magic symbols, and obliged them to work for him (this belief is also derived from the Apocryphal work, "The Testament of Solomon", in which demons were brought to Solomon and he forced them to build Solomon's Temple through the use of magic rings). These demons are catalogued in various magical grimoires, most notably in the Lemegeton, which gives descriptions of their powers, appearance and manner, as well as instructions for controlling them.
Based on the opinions of some who seek to find consistency of this association with the Shemhamphorasch, these demons may be sigils based on the reversing of the three lettered names of the angels. Using the reverse names and sigils, one would be able to call on the various demons for various favors which may result in destructive events. It is from this that it is believed Anton LaVey, founder of the Church of Satan, obtained the word mentioned in the section on Satanism below.
[edit] Occult tarot
  The earliest known connection between the Shemhamphorasch and the Tarot was made by Eliphas Levi in his Clefs Majeurs et Clavicules de Salomon, published 20 years after his death in 1875, in which he divides the 72 names into pairs, and attributes each pair to one of the four court cards or ten numbers, or one of the 22 major arcana cards, making a total of 36 pairs.
This was further fleshed out in the Golden Dawn's Book T, which was renamed Liber 78 by Aleister Crowley when he published it in his occult periodical The Equinox. In the system promulgated by the Golden Dawn and Crowley, 36 pairs of angels (or "deacons") are each given rulership of a 10-degree segment of the Zodiac, and to these are mapped the number cards (excluding aces) from the four suits:
In art the Shemhamphorasch can be seen on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. Michelangelo's fresco has an architectural design of 24 columns. On each of these columns are two cherubs, which are mirror imaged on the adjoining column totaling 48 cherubs figures. Then on the 12 triangular spandrels flanking the ceiling borders are an additional 24 nude figures (two bronze nude figures per triangular spandrel) also mirroring imaging each other. This totals to 72 cherub figures or the 72 angels of God or names of God. This spread of 48 cherubs and 24 bronze nude figures coincides perfectly with the reading of the three verses in Exodus 14:19-21. Beneath this cycle of angels are 7 prophets and 5 Sibylline oracles, which are patterned after the Zodiac/Calendar year. Beneath that are the 33 ancestors of Christ plus 3 additional symbols denoting the 36 decans of the Zodiac. It is interesting to note that the Zodiac/Calendar year and the 36 decans coupled with the numerical sequence in the Empyream (nine central panels) on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel denote the spread of the 56 Minor Arcana Tarot Cards.
CardRulershipAngelsCardRulershipAngelsCardRulershipAngels2 Wands0°–10° ♈Vaho'el
Doni'el5 Wands0°–10° ♌Vehuiah
Yeli'el8 Wands0°–10° ♐Nethahiah
Ha'a'iah3 Wands10°–20° ♈Hachashiah
Aumemiah6 Wands10°–20° ♌Sita'el
"Aulemiah9 Wands10°–20° ♐Yeletha'el
Sha'ahiah4 Wands20°–30° ♈Nen'a'el
Neitha'el7 Wands20°–30° ♌Mahashiah
Lelaha'el10 Wands20°–30° ♐Riyiel
Auma'el5 Pentacles0°–10° ♉Mabehiah
Poi'el8 Pentacles0°–10° ♍'Aka'iah
Kahatha'el2 Pentacles0°–10° ♑Lekaba'el
Vesheriah6 Pentacles10°–20° ♉Nememiah
Yeila'el9 Pentacles10°–20° ♍Hezi'el
Eladiah3 Pentacles10°–20° ♑Yechoiah
Lehachiah7 Pentacles20°–30° ♉Haracha'el
Metzera'el10 Pentacles20°–30° ♍L'aviah
Hahauiah4 Pentacles20°–30° ♑Kaveqiah
Menada'el8 Swords0°–10° ♊Vameka'el
Yehah'el2 Swords0°–10° ♎Yezela'el
Mebha'el5 Swords0°–10° ♒'Ani'el
Cha"umiah9 Swords10°–20° ♊Aunu'el
Machi'el3 Swords10°–20° ♎Heri'el
Haqemiah6 Swords10°–20° ♒Reha"u'el
Yeiza'el10 Swords20°–30° ♊Damebiah
Menaqa'el4 Swords20°–30° ♎La'uiah
Keli'el7 Swords20°–30° ♒Hahah'el
Mika'el2 Cups0°–10° ♋'Aia"u'el
Cheboiah5 Cups0°–10° ♏Levoiah
Paheliah8 Cups0°–10° ♓Vevaliah
Yelahiah3 Cups10°–20° ♋Ra'ah'el
Yebemiah6 Cups10°–20° ♏Nelaka'el
Yiai'el9 Cups10°–20° ♓Sa'eliah
"Auri'el4 Cups20°–30° ♋Haiai'el
Moumiah7 Cups20°–30° ♏Melah'el
Chahoah10 Cups20°–30° ♓"Aushaliah
Miah'el
[edit] Satanism
Members who belong to the Church of Satan sign letters and emails and conduct rituals with the word 'Shemhamforash', although their version of it is different and contains 72 names of demons, not names of angels or God.
The word "Shemhamforash" is spoken in Church of Satan rituals, often followed by "Hail Satan!", as outlined in The Satanic Bible by Anton Szandor LaVey.
[edit] Angels and Demons
Kabbalists and hermeticists have proposed correspondences between the 72 names of the Shemhamphorasch and a wide variety of other things, such as the Psalms, tarot cards, and so on. It is because of the flexibility (and numerical factorability) of the Shemhamphorasch that many ceremonial magicians consider it to be the key of creation of all things and all arts. The names have long been associated with 72 angels, as well as 72 demons (found in the Lemegeton or Lesser Key of Solomon), who according to the lore and legend of grimoires can create or destroy the organization or disorganization of the elements into the creation of material reality.
# Angel Demon  Letters Decan1 Vehu / Vehuiah Baal VHV Aries 2 Yeli / Ieliel Agares YLY   3 Sit / Sitael Vassago SIT   4 Aulem / Elemiah Gamygyn OoLM   5 Mahash / Mahasiah Marbas MHSh   6 Lelah / Lelahel Valefor LLH   7 Aka / Aehaiah Amon AKA Leo 8 Kahath / Cahethel Barbatos KHTh   9 Hezi / Haziel Paimon HZI   10 Elad / Aladiah Buer ALD   11 Lav / Lauiah Gusion LAV   12 Hahau / Hahaziah Sytry HHO   13 Yezel / Ieiazel Beleth IZL Sagittarius 14 Mebha / Mebahel Lerajie MBH   15 Heri / Hariel Eligor HRI   16 Haquem / Hakamiah Separ HQM   17 Lau / Leviah Botis LAV   18 Keli / Caliel Bathin KLI   19 Levo / Leuuiah Saleos LVV Cancer 20 Pahel / Pahaliah Purson PHL   21 Nelak / Nelchael Morax NLK   22 Yiai / Ieiaiel Ipos YYY   23 Melah / Melahel Aini MLH   24 Chaho / Hahuiah Naberius ChHV   25 Nethah / Nithaiah Glasya-Labolas NThH Scorpius 26 Haa / Haaiah Bune HAA   27 Yereth / Ierathel Ronove YLTh   28 Shaah / Seehiah Berith ShAH   29 Riyi / Reiiel Astaroth RYY   30 Aum / Omael Forneus AUM   31 Lekab / Lecabel Foras LKB Pisces 32 Vesher / Vasiariah Asmoday VShR   33 Yecho / Iehuiah Gaap YChV   34 Lehach / Lehahiah Furfur LHCh   35 Kaveq / Chavakiak Marchosias KVQ   36 Menad / Monadel Stolas MND  # Angel Demon Letters Decan 37 Ani / Aniel Phenex ANI Libra 38 Chaum / Haamiah Halphas ChOM   39 Rehau / Rehael Malphas RHO   40 Yeiz / Ihiazel Raum YYZ   41 Hahah* / Hahahel Focalor HHH   42 Mik / Michael Sabnock MIK   43 Veval / Vevaliah Vepar VVL Aquarius 44 Yelah / Ielahiah Shax YLH   45 Sael / Sealiah Vine SAL   46 Auri / Ariel Bifrons ORI   47 Aushal / Asaliah Vual OShL   48 Milah / Mihael Haagenti MIH   49 Vaho / Vehuel Crocell VHV Gemini 50 Doni / Daniel Furcas DNY   51 Hachash / Hahaziah Balam HChSh   52 Aumem / Imamiah Alocer OMM   53 Nena / Nanael Caim NNA   54 Neith / Nithael Murmur NITh   55 Mabeth / Mebahiah Orobas MBH Capricorn 56 Poi / Poiel Gomory PVI   57 Nemem / Nemamaih Ose NMM   58 Yeil / Ieilael Amy YYL   59 Harach / Harahel Orias HRCh   60 Metzer / Mizrael Vapula MTzR   61 Vamet / Umabel Zagan VMK Taurus 62 Yehah* / Iahhel Valac IHH   63 Aunu / Annauel Andras ONV   64 Machi / Mehekiel Flauros MChI   65 Dameb / Damabiah Andrealphus DMB   66 Menak / Meniel Cimeries MNQ   67 Asau / Eiael Amduscias AIO Virgo 68 Chebo / Habuiah Belial ChBV   69 Raah / Rochel Decarabia RAH   70 Yekem / Iibamiah Seere IBM   71 Haiai / Haiaiel Dantalian HYY   72 Moum / Mumiah Andromalius MVM  
[edit] See also
GematriaPi(film)
[edit] References
^ Jewish Encyclopedia, Shem Ha-Meforash, [1]^ Cornwell, Jim A. (1995), "The Names of God," from The Alpha and the Omega - Introduction^ Mathers, S.L. MacGregor, Crowley, Aleister (Editors - 1904), The Lesser Key of Solomon, pp. 45-50^ Levi, Eliphas (1895), Clefs Majeurs et Clavicules de Salomon, Paris: Chacornac Frères, retrieved 19 October 2006.^ Crowley, Aleister, Liber 78: A description of the cards of the Tarot, Retrieved 27 October 2006^ Meegan, William J., "THE SISTINE CHAPEL: A Study in Celestial Cartography," THE ROSE CROIX JOURNAL, Volume 3, 2006