标题：当家小生
张辉简介
黄梅戏的演员阵容有这样一个特点：阴盛阳衰。近二十几年来，才艺俱佳的女演员出了一批又一批，继“五朵金花”之后，又出了一个韩再芬，而且来势汹涌，湖北，安徽接连不断地有优秀女演员崭露头角。而条件全面的男演员就成了凤麟毛角。继王少舫之后，出了一个黄新德。到目前为止，大概站在前面的算是张辉了。
张辉是湖北省黄梅戏剧院的副院长，国家一级演员。近年来一直活跃在戏曲、电影和电视屏幕之上。其实他的活动早已超出了省界，国界，湖北、安徽有什么重点剧目，或是重点电视剧，就一定有他参加。他甚至成了新加坡的演艺界的一员。
才华初展
张辉出生于安徽省朗溪县的一个梨园世家，从小就热爱艺术。1975年考取了安徽省艺术学校黄梅戏表演专业，主攻黄梅戏小生行当，曾得到黄梅戏表演艺术家王少舫、潘景利的亲传，每次学习考试各门课都是名列榜首。在校期间排练了黄梅戏的传统戏《打猪草》、《夫妻观灯》、《春香闹学》、《天仙配》、《女驸马》等大小剧目。五年的学习生涯，为他后来的发展，打下了扎实的艺术基础，
1980年他以优异的成绩毕业后，分配到安徽省黄梅戏剧团工作。著名表演艺术家王少舫见张辉的条件全面，有发展潜力，从此收他为徒，经常给他开“小灶”。由于王老师的亲传，加之张辉自己的勤奋，艺术上进步很快，1981年随团赴香港演出，紧接着在全国各大城市演出。就在这次巡回演出时，张辉逐渐开始担当主演，首先是在《天仙配》中出演董永，这个角色是王老师的成名作，由于王老师的亲传，张辉的演出取得了成功，受到了观众的好评，从那以后，开始在剧院中担当更多的主演。除上演舞剧外，还拍摄了不少电影和电视剧。如在大型黄梅戏神话艺术片《龙女》中扮演“文哥”；如电影《孟姜女》中扮演男主角范杞良。电视剧《订婚照的风波》、《这家没男人》、《狐女婴宁》、《赊官》等这几部电视剧中都是扮演男主角，其中《这家没男人》获全国第三届戏曲片一等奖。《赊官》获全国第二届戏曲片二等奖，到湖北后在黄梅戏电影《血泪恩仇录》中扮演男主角施子章。六集电视剧《貂蝉》中饰演吕布，该剧获第十一届全国电视剧“飞天奖”。经过几年的再学习和实践，张辉一跃而成为在影视，电影，戏曲舞台上当红的小生。艺术上的跳跃为了发展湖北的黄梅戏，也为了自己在艺术上有更大的发展，他来到了湖北。在这块新的土地上，他得到了全国著名导演余笑予等一批老师的关爱和呵护，促使他在艺术上不断奋进。形象地说他在艺术上向上进行了三大跳这是从他塑造的董永、吕布和小和尚三个人物中体现出来的。
历史和传说中的董永、吕布和小和尚，一个是赫赫威名的战将，一个是卖身葬父以行孝的农民，一个是无名无姓的出家和尚。这三个人社会地位悬殊、性格个性迥异，经历气质更是相差甚远。因此，在戏曲舞台上按这些人物的特征分别划归几个行当。吕布由架子武小生扮演，董永由文小生扮演，《双下山》中的小和尚则由丑角行扮演。这三个人物居然集中到张辉一个人身上。这无疑给他艺术生涯铺满了一条艰难曲折而又前途光明灿烂的大道。事实上，完成了董永、吕布和小和尚形象的塑造，实际上是完成由单纯摹仿到主动创造，由特征演员向性格演员的过渡。而每一个人物的成功塑造，也是他艺术的大道上跃进一个大的台阶。第一，对人物按时代的要求进行新的探索对观众已熟悉的人物按时代的要求进行新的探索。张辉到湖北表演的第一个人物是《天仙配》中的董永。这个形象由王少舫先生成功的表演后给广大观众留下了鲜明深刻的印象。当湖北省黄梅戏剧院排演《天仙配》时，张辉根据导演的要求，在保留原人物的特征外，又按照当代观众审美要求，对人物的思想内涵和性格特征进行重新提炼和创造。张辉塑造的董永，除保留原来憨厚老实，善良本份的性格特征外，同时在剧本规定的环境条件中注入强调了董永那不时显露出来的，青年人所特有的青春活力和为追求幸福生活，敢于反抗恶势力的性格特征，由于对这些细节的强调，使董永的形象更为真实丰满，使最后一场敢于咒骂天庭的大转折，更具性格发展的逻辑性，从而使这场悲剧更具震撼力量。第二，跳出自已熟悉的表演模式塑造具有复杂性格特征的人物形象。张辉成功地塑造过《孟姜女》中的范杞良和《血泪恩仇录》中的施子章等人物，这些人物都属文小生行当，而历史题材《貂蝉》中的吕布则属于戏曲艺术中，文武兼备的架子武小生行当的范畴，要塑造好这个人物，不仅要超出他已经掌握的行当的表演程式。又要准确地把握吕布在英俊果敢的外表下掩盖着的“有奶就是娘”，唯利是图，凶狠残暴的个性特征，同时，又要表现出其在淫乱之后也追求真挚的爱情，并在人性和爱情的感召下开始悔悟和复苏善良本性。这种复杂的性格和双重人格无疑给表演带来很大的难度。我们看到张辉在电视屏幕上塑造的吕布：在战场上英勇善战，舍生忘死；在董卓的手下又贪图利禄，凶狠残忍，在貂蝉面前是真挚坦率，怜香惜玉；当意识到自己是在为人作嫁衣时则消沉悔恨，其人性逐渐复苏。这一复杂的性格特征通过张辉的表演都合乎情理的统一在吕布这个人物身上了。通过对吕布的成功塑造，其表演水平又向前跨越了一大步。第三，冲出行当的束缚塑造具有个性特征的人物形象。如果说吕布可以在戏曲行当中找到他的属类的话，那么《双下山》中的小和尚是无法搞清他的行当归属了。小和尚勤劳善良，天真活泼又涉世不深，他在经常接触的小尼姑的影响下，逐步看清了自己低下的地位和可悲的命运，由懵懂到清醒，由不懂男欢女爱到为了爱情而与小尼姑双双逃出山外。根据剧本提示的环境、条件，小和尚既不属于小生，更不属于小丑，而是介于二者之间的具有独持的行当特色的人物形象。张辉在导演余笑予的启迪和教授下，细心琢磨，反复探索表演小和尚的方法，他尽量避开行当的痕迹，从人物个性的要求出发，充分运用戏曲表演程式，又吸收话剧、歌舞自然，生活化的表演方式，发挥自己轻松活泼的表演特长，来塑造不属任何行当的小和尚。他除注重运用戏曲的外部动作来刻画人物的方式外，也吸收话剧体验人物思想，揣摸人物感情的表演方式，同时吸收歌舞的舞蹈语汇来表现人物。为了表现小和尚想留下小尼姑给他用的汗巾又怕菩萨责怪的心理细节，余笑予老师要求张辉运用把汗巾丢去而又自动飞回的特技，为此，他专程去河南豫剧团学回了丢手巾的特技，并自如的运用于剧情之中，由于他准确地把握了人物性格的基调，因而成功地塑造了一个不属任何行当，只有特有的个性特征的小和尚的人物形象。
张辉成功地塑造了具有各自个性特色的三个人物，完成了三大跳跃，从而使它完成了由特征演员向个性演员的过渡，成为表演技能全面，戏路子宽阔的全能演员。
黄梅戏男生第一唱
如果仅给张辉只是在表演上日臻成熟的定语，是不全面的，其实，他最显个性特色的是他的演唱。张辉的嗓音纯正厚实。报字清晰，行腔时轻重得当，情感处理细腻。黄梅戏韵味浓郁。他所唱的唱腔优美动听，耐人寻味。
其实张辉早期的嗓音条件并不那么好。在安徽省艺术学校学习期间，曾因“倒仓”而由文小生改学武小生。初到湖北时，一曲《天仙配》中的董永，嗓音都几乎不够用，演唱时有些叫人担心。就因为如此，张辉重视在唱腔上下功夫了。在他看来，一个好的演员，并不是个个都有很好的嗓音条件的。就拿著名的黄梅戏表演艺术家严凤英来说吧，她的嗓音条件是不那么好的，但是她就在她的条件下去发挥它的特长，扬长避短，终于形成了一种独特的风格。张辉也是如此，他没有从声腔的高度、难度上去钻牛角尖，而是按自己嗓音条件在细腻、真切、韵味、报字上下功夫。他的唱腔特别讲究报字清晰，他往往在行腔前，首先把字清晰地送入观众耳中，然后就势行腔。张辉的声腔处理的情感特别真实，其中一个重要的技巧是善于恰当地进行轻重处理，他在情感处理时善于用此法，行腔时往往多在中、低音量区徘徊，而一旦情感发展需要增大音量时再突然增大音量，就特别显得有震撼力了。在轻重音转换时处理的又非常细腻，这样就使唱腔显得格外柔和圆韵。就是在处理音头和行腔的过渡时，也是运用此法，特别是那些字头与旋律之间有一些不协调的地方，他突然转为轻声进行转换，就使旋律显得自然顺畅了。经过近十年的艺术实践，张辉在声腔上基本形成了自己的演唱风格，受到了广大观众的欢迎。
张辉在表演、声腔上形成的个性特色，使他在黄梅戏男演员行当中走出一条新路子，成为在全国有影响的著名演员。他决心在艺术实践中进行更深入地探索，力求形成一种被专家认可和广大观众喜爱的表演特色和风格，并塑造出更多更美的人物形象，为黄梅戏事业做出贡献。
英语版本
Managing a household xiaosheng
Opera manages a household The Huangmei Opera manages a household the xiaosheng---Zhang Hui
Huangmei Opera's actor lineup has this kind of characteristic: Excess of Yin and shortage of Yang. The nearly two for several years, the talent and skill Ju Jia actress left group after group, after “five artificial flowers with gold-foil”, also had a Han Zaifen, moreover the oncoming force is turbulent, Hubei, Anhui has the outstanding actress to be budding continuously. But the condition comprehensive actor has had the phoenix large male deer wool angle. After Wang Shaofang, had a Huang Xinde. So far, what stands probably in front was Zhang Hui.
Zhang Hui is Hubei Province Huangmei Opera theater vice-president, the national first-level actor. In recent years has enlivened at the drama, the movie and above the television screen. Actually his activity already surpassed the provincial boundary, the national boundary, Hubei, Anhui had any key plays, perhaps the key soap opera, certainly had him to participate. He has even become Singapore's show business one.
At the beginning of the talent unfolds
Zhang Hui is born in a Anhui Province bright brook county theater circles aristocratic family, deeply loves art since childhood. in 1975 was admitted to a school the Anhui Province Art school Huangmei Opera to perform the specialty, the main attack Huangmei Opera xiaosheng trade, once obtained Huangmei Opera performing artist Wang Shaofang, Pan Jingli own biography, each time studied takes a test various class is tops the list. In school period rehearsed Huangmei Opera's traditional play "To hit Pig fodder", "Husbands and wives Views the lanterns", "Spring Fragrant Noisy Study", "Angel Matches", "Female Emperor's son-in-law" and so on size plays. Five year study profession, was his afterward development, has built the solid artistic foundation,
in 1980 he after outstanding result graduation, assigns to the Anhui Province ripe plum opera company work. Renowned performing artist Wang Shaofang sees Zhang Hui's condition to be comprehensive, has the development potential, henceforth receives him is the person, opens “the special mess hall” frequently to him. As a result of Mr./Mrs. Wang own biography, in addition Zhang Hui own diligence, in art progresses very quickly, in 1981 went along with a group to go to Hong Kong to perform, is following closely in the national each big city performance. When this time tours, Zhang Hui starts to take on gradually acts the leading role, first is in "Angel Will match" plays Dong forever, this role will be the Mr./Mrs. Wang signature work, as a result of Mr./Mrs. Wang own biography, Zhang Hui's performance has obtained the success, has received audience's high praise, from then on, will start in the theater to take on more acting the leading role. Besides performs the ballet, but also has filmed many movies and the soap opera. If "Dragon Female" acts “the article elder brother” in the large-scale Huangmei Opera myth artistic film; If the movie "Meng Jiangnyu" acts actor Fan Qi to be good. The soap opera "Engagement Illuminates Disturbance", "This Family Man", "Fox Female infant Rather", "Buys on credit Official" and so on these soap operas acts the actor, "This Family Not Man" wins the national third drama piece first prize. "Buys on credit Official" wins the national second drama piece second prize, after Hubei "Tears of blood Love and hate Record" acts actor Shi Zizhang at the Huangmei Opera movie. Six volumes of soap operas "Sable Cicada" plays Lv Bu, this play attains the 11th national soap opera “the flying apsara award”. And practices after several year again study, a Zhang Hui leap became in the film and television, the movie, the drama stage is swindled the red xiaosheng.In artistic caperIn order to develop Hubei's Huangmei Opera, also, for have a bigger development in art, he arrived at Hubei. On this new land, he obtained national renowned Director Yu Xiaoyu and so on one group of teachers' showing loving concern and protects, urges him to advance boldly unceasingly in art. Said vividly he carried on art three big jumped this is upwardly Dong Yong who, Lv Bu and in the lesser monk three characters molded from him manifests.
In the history and fable Dong Yong, Lv Bu and the lesser monk, one is Illustrious the prestige combat general, one is sells into servitude buries the father by the good filial piety farmer, one is the nameless non-surname becomes monk buddhist priest. These three person social position is disparate, the disposition individuality is different, the experience makings are far from. Therefore, incorporates into several trades separately in the drama stage according to these character's characteristic. Lv Bu acts by the rack military xiaosheng, Dong Yongyou the refined young man acts, "Double Descends the mountain" the lesser monk acts by the clown line. These three characters concentrate on unexpectedly a Zhang Hui individual body. This gave him the career of art to overspread one without doubt difficult and the future bright bright main road. In fact, has completed Dong Yong, Lv Bu and the lesser monk image mold, in fact is completes from imitates the initiative creation purely, by characteristic actor to character actor's transition. But each character's success mold, is also on his art main road leaps forward a big stair.Firsta generation of request has carried on the new exploration on time to the audience familiar characters. Performs Zhang Hui the first character who to Hubei is "Angel Matches" Dong Yong. This image after Mr. Wang Shaofang successful performance has made the bright profound impression for the mass audiences. When the Hubei Province Huangmei Opera theater rehearses "Angel Matches", Zhang Hui acts according to director's request, in retains outside the original character's characteristic, also defers to the contemporary audience esthetic request, carries on to character's thought connotation and the disposition characteristic refines and creates. Zhang Hui molds Dong Yong, besides retention original simple and honest honest, good province disposition characteristic, simultaneously stipulated in the script in the environmental condition poured into emphasized Dong Yongnei often revealed that the young people unique young blood and for the pursue happy life, dared to revolt against the evil force the disposition characteristic, as a result to these detail's emphasis, caused the Dong Yong image to be more real plentifully, caused last to dare to curse the forehead the big transition, had the disposition development the logic, thus caused this tragedy to have shocks the strength.Secondjumps out the familiar performance pattern, the mold had the complex disposition characteristic character image. Zhang Hui has portrayed "Meng Jiangnyu" successfully Fan Qi Liang and "Tears of blood Love and hate Record" characters and so on Shi Zizhang, these characters composing a piece of prose writing xiaosheng trade, but the historical theme "Sable Cicada" Lv Bu belongs to the drama art, civil and military has both the rack military xiaosheng trade's category, needs to portray this character, not only need surpass the trade performance program which he already grasped. Must grasp Lv Bu is covering under the handsome courageous semblance “to have the milk is accurately the mother”, is concerned only about profit, cut-throat cruel individuality characteristic, simultaneously, must display it after the promiscuity also pursues the sincere love, and starts in the human nature and under love impel to be repentant and to recover the good natural disposition. This kind of complex disposition and the dual personalities bring the very great difficulty without doubt to the performance. We saw Zhang Hui Lv Bu who molds on the television screen: Is brave in battle in the battlefield, laughs in the face of death; Under seeks after the benefits of rank and salary in Dong Zhuo, cut-throat cruel, in front of the sable cicada is sincere frank, shows tender affection; When realizes is in itself when the manner makes the bridal clothes depressed lamented that its human nature recovers gradually. This complex disposition characteristic through Zhang Hui's performance reasonable unification on Lv Bu this character body. Through to Lv Bu's success mold, its performance level forward surmounted a stride.Thirdruns out the trade the fetter, the mold has the individuality characteristic character image. If Lv Bu might find him in the drama trade is kind of words, then "Double Descended the mountain" the lesser monk is unable to clarify his trade to belong. The lesser monk industrious good, naive lively has little experience of the world, he is contacting frequently under the young nun's influence, saw clearly gradually the low status and the pitiful destiny, from arrives ignorant soberly, from does not understand the loving couples to for love, but runs away in pairs outside with the young nun becomes an official. According to the script prompt's environment, the condition, the lesser monk already does not belong to the xiaosheng, does not belong to the comedian clown, but is situated between the trade characteristic character image which between the two has holds alone. Zhang Hui under the Director Yu Xiaoyu's inspiration and professor, ponders over carefully, explores repeatedly performs lesser monk's method, he avoids the trade as far as possible the trace, embarks from the character individuality request, performs the program fully using the drama, also absorbs the modern drama, the dance nature, the adaptation performance way, displays oneself relaxed lively performance special skill, molds is not any trade the lesser monk. He besides pays great attention to portray character's way using drama's exterior movement, also absorbs the modern drama to experience the character thought that holds traces the character sentiment the performance way, simultaneously absorbs the dance the dance vocabulary to display the character. In order to display the lesser monk to want to leave behind the young nun the sweat towel which uses to him to fear the Bodhisattva blames the psychological detail, Mr./Mrs. Yu Xiaoyu requests Zhang Hui to utilize the stunt which discards the sweat towel and flies back automatically, for this reason, he went to the Henan Henan theatrical troupe study to return specially has lost handkerchief's stunt, and free utilization in plot, because he has grasped the character disposition main key accurately, thus has molded one is not any trade successfully, only then unique individuality characteristic lesser monk's character image.
Zhang Hui molded successfully had the respective individuality characteristic three characters, has completed three big capers, thus caused it to complete by the characteristic actor to the individuality actor's transition, became the performance skill to be comprehensive, repertory broad versatile actor.
Opera male student first sings
If only gives Zhang Hui is only at the performance the gradually maturing the attribute, is not comprehensive, actually, what his most obviously individuality characteristic is his singer. Zhang Hui's voice pure thick. Reports the character to be clear, when singing own interpretation the weight is appropriate, emotion processing is exquisite. The Huangmei Opera flavor is rich. He sings melody exquisite interesting to listen to, thought-provoking.
Actually Zhang Hui early time voice condition not that good. In Anhui Province Art school study, because once “emptied the grain out”, but changes study the military xiaosheng by the refined young man. When initially to Hubei, a tune "Angel Matches" Dong Yong, the voice nearly is insufficient, sings when somewhat is called the human to worry. Because of so, Zhang Hui took seriously in the melody to work hard. In his opinion, a good actor, is not each one has the very good voice condition. On took renowned Huangmei Opera performing artist Yan Fengying, her voice condition not that good, but she displayed its special skill in hers condition, enhanced strong points and avoided weaknesses, has formed one kind of unique style finally. Zhang Hui is also so, he from the tune, the difficulty has not bored tip of cows horn highly, but according to own voice condition in exquisite, clear, the flavor, on the newspaper character works hard. His melody is fastidious about the newspaper character to be clear specially, he often before singing own interpretation, first clearly sends in the character in the audience ear, then takes advantage of a situation to sing own interpretation. Zhang Hui's tune processing emotion is specially real, an important skill is good at carrying on weight processing appropriately, he when emotion processing is good at with this law, when singing own interpretation are often many, the low volume area paces back and forth, but when the emotion development needs to increase the volume increases the volume suddenly again, specially appeared has shocks the strength. When light stress transformation processes is also exquisite, like this causes the melody appears the especially gentle round rhyme. Is when the processing sound and the singing own interpretation transition, also utilizes this law, specially between these prefixes and the melody have some uncoordinated place, he transfers suddenly carries on the transformation in a soft voice, caused the melody appears the nature is smooth. After near ten year artistic practice, Zhang Hui formed basically in the tune his has sung the style, has received mass audience's welcome.
Zhang Hui individuality characteristic which in the performance, the tune forms, causes him to go out a new pathway in the Huangmei Opera actor trade, becomes in the national influential renowned actor. He was determined that carries on the artistic practice explores thoroughly, makes every effort to form one kind the performance characteristic which and the style likes by the expert approval and the mass audiences, and portrays the more beautiful character images, makes the contribution for the Huangmei Opera enterprise.