标题：cast-128算法
目录
1 简介 1
2 算法的描述 2
2.1 循环密钥对 2
2.2 不同的循环 2
2.3 置换箱（SubstitutionBoxes） 3
2.4 密钥表 3
2.4.1.掩码子钥与旋转子钥 4
2.5 可变的密钥长度 5
2.6 CAST5对象标识符 5
2.7 讨论 6
3 知识产权的问题 6
4 安全性的问题 6
5 参考 6
6 作者地址 7
7 附录A置换箱（S-Boxes） 7
8 附录B.测试向量 13
简介
本文档描述了CAST-128加密算法，这是一种类似于DES的置换组合网路
（Substitution-PermutationNetwork，SPN）加密系统，对于微分密码分析、线性密码分析、
密码相关分析具有较好的抵抗力。这种加密还有其他的几个理想的特点，包括雪崩、严格的
雪崩标准（SAC）、位独立标准（BIC）、没有互补属性也不存在软弱或者半软弱的密钥。因
此对于整个Internet社区——要求密码强壮、容易获取的加密算法——而言，这是一种能够
满足一般应用的很好的选择。
Adams[Adams]详细地讨论了CAST设计过程，对于这种算法的分析也可以在网上找到
（比如，[Web1]或[Web2]）。
算法的描述
循环密钥对CAST-128在每次循环中使用以对子钥：32位量Km作为“掩码”，5位量Kr用作“旋
转码”。不同的循环CAST-128使用三种不同的循环函数，如下所示（其中“D”是输入函数f的数据，“Ia”
到“Id”分别表示I中从高到低的4个字节）。注意“+”和“-”是以2**32为模的加减法，
“^”是位异或，“<<<”表示循环左移操作。
Type1:I=((Kmi+D)<<<Kri)
f=((S1[Ia]^S2[Ib])-S3[Ic])+S4[Id]
Type2:I=((Kmi^D)<<<Kri)
f=((S1[Ia]-S2[Ib])+S3[Ic])^S4[Id]
Type3:I=((Kmi-D)<<<Kri)
f=((S1[Ia]+S2[Ib])^S3[Ic])-S4[Id]
循环1、4、7、10、13和16使用f函数Type1；
循环2、5、8、11和14使用f函数Type2；
循环3、6、9、12和15使用f函数Type3。置换箱(SubstitutionBoxes）
CAST-128使用8个置换箱：置换箱（s-box）S1、S2、S3和S4是循环置换箱，S5、S6、
S7和S8是密钥表置换箱。尽管8个置换箱总共需要8K字节的内存，但是要注意在实际加
密/解密过程中只需要4K字节，因为子钥的产生通常在输入数据之前就完成了。
置换箱S1-S8的内容参见附录A。密钥表假设128位的密钥是x0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9xAxBxCxDxExF，其中x0是最高位的字节，
xF是最低位的字节。
令z0…zF是中间（临时）字节。
令S表示置换箱i，“^”代表异或加。
按照下述公式从密钥x0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9xAxBxCxDxExF生成子钥：
z0z1z2z3=x0x1x2x3^S5[xD]^S6[xF]^S7[xC]^S8[xE]^S7[x8]
z4z5z6z7=x8x9xAxB^S5[z0]^S6[z2]^S7[z1]^S8[z3]^S8[xA]
z8z9zAzB=xCxDxExF^S5[z7]^S6[z6]^S7[z5]^S8[z4]^S5[x9]
zCzDzEzF=x4x5x6x7^S5[zA]^S6[z9]^S7[zB]^S8[z8]^S6[xB]
K1=S5[z8]^S6[z9]^S7[z7]^S8[z6]^S5[z2]
K2=S5[zA]^S6[zB]^S7[z5]^S8[z4]^S6[z6]
K3=S5[zC]^S6[zD]^S7[z3]^S8[z2]^S7[z9]
K4=S5[zE]^S6[zF]^S7[z1]^S8[z0]^S8[zC]
x0x1x2x3=z8z9zAzB^S5[z5]^S6[z7]^S7[z4]^S8[z6]^S7[z0]
x4x5x6x7=z0z1z2z3^S5[x0]^S6[x2]^S7[x1]^S8[x3]^S8[z2]
x8x9xAxB=z4z5z6z7^S5[x7]^S6[x6]^S7[x5]^S8[x4]^S5[z1]
xCxDxExF=zCzDzEzF^S5[xA]^S6[x9]^S7[xB]^S8[x8]^S6[z3]
K5=S5[x3]^S6[x2]^S7[xC]^S8[xD]^S5[x8]
K6=S5[x1]^S6[x0]^S7[xE]^S8[xF]^S6[xD]
K7=S5[x7]^S6[x6]^S7[x8]^S8[x9]^S7[x3]
K8=S5[x5]^S6[x4]^S7[xA]^S8[xB]^S8[x7]
z0z1z2z3=x0x1x2x3^S5[xD]^S6[xF]^S7[xC]^S8[xE]^S7[x8]
z4z5z6z7=x8x9xAxB^S5[z0]^S6[z2]^S7[z1]^S8[z3]^S8[xA]
z8z9zAzB=xCxDxExF^S5[z7]^S6[z6]^S7[z5]^S8[z4]^S5[x9]
zCzDzEzF=x4x5x6x7^S5[zA]^S6[z9]^S7[zB]^S8[z8]^S6[xB]
K9=S5[z3]^S6[z2]^S7[zC]^S8[zD]^S5[z9]
K10=S5[z1]^S6[z0]^S7[zE]^S8[zF]^S6[zC]
K11=S5[z7]^S6[z6]^S7[z8]^S8[z9]^S7[z2]
K12=S5[z5]^S6[z4]^S7[zA]^S8[zB]^S8[z6]
x0x1x2x3=z8z9zAzB^S5[z5]^S6[z7]^S7[z4]^S8[z6]^S7[z0]
x4x5x6x7=z0z1z2z3^S5[x0]^S6[x2]^S7[x1]^S8[x3]^S8[z2]
x8x9xAxB=z4z5z6z7^S5[x7]^S6[x6]^S7[x5]^S8[x4]^S5[z1]
xCxDxExF=zCzDzEzF^S5[xA]^S6[x9]^S7[xB]^S8[x8]^S6[z3]
K13=S5[x8]^S6[x9]^S7[x7]^S8[x6]^S5[x3]
K14=S5[xA]^S6[xB]^S7[x5]^S8[x4]^S6[x7]
K15=S5[xC]^S6[xD]^S7[x3]^S8[x2]^S7[x8]
K16=S5[xE]^S6[xF]^S7[x1]^S8[x0]^S8[xD]

讨论
概述CAST-128是一种12或16循环的Feistel密码，块长度是64位，密码长度最大128位；
它使用旋转实现对线性和微分分析的内在免疫性；在循环函数中混合使用XOR、模为2**32
的加减法；在加密过程中使用三种不同的循环函数。最后，循环函数中使用的8x32置换箱，
每一个最小的非线性为74，而且不同的分配表中最大项是2。
按照其密码长度（128）而言，这种加密是很强大的，而且具有很好的加密/解密效率，
在150MHz的奔腾处理器上每秒可以处理3.3M字节。知识产权的问题本文档描述的CAST-128加密算法可以在世界范围内免费用于商业和非商业用途。安全性的问题本备忘录完全是关于安全性的，它描述了一种算法专门用于加密的目的。附录A置换箱（S-Boxes）
S-BoxS1
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bd91e0469a56456edc39200c20c8c571962bda1ce1e696ffb141ab087cca89b9
1a69e78302cc4843a2f7c579429ef47d427b169c5ac9f049dd8f0f005c8165bf
S-BoxS2
1f201094ef0ba75b69e3cf7e393f4380fe61cf7aeec5207a55889c9472fc0651
ada7ef794e1d7235d55a63cede0436ba99c430ef5f0c079418dcdb7da1d6eff3
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108430942537a95ef46f6ffea1ff3b1f208cfb6a8f458c74d9e0a2274ec73a34
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54f03084066ff472a31aa153dadc4755b5625dbf68561be683ca6b942d6ed23b
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S-BoxS3
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S-BoxS4
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04f19130ba6e4ec0992651641ee7230d50b2ad80eaee68018db2a283ea8bf59e附录B测试向量该附录为本文描述的CAST-128加密提供测试向量。
B.1.单独的明文-密码-密文集
为了保证算法的正确实现，可以使用下面的测试向量（使用十六进制符号表示）进行验
证。
128-bitkey=0123456712345678234567893456789A
plaintext=0123456789ABCDEF
ciphertext=238B4FE5847E44B2
80-bitkey=01234567123456782345
=01234567123456782345000000000000
plaintext=0123456789ABCDEF
ciphertext=EB6A711A2C02271B
40-bitkey=0123456712
=01234567120000000000000000000000
plaintext=0123456789ABCDEF
ciphertext=7AC816D16E9B302E
B.2.完整的维护性测试
CAST-128的维护性测试被定义为验证实现的正确性。它使用如下的伪代码表示，其中
a和b是128位的向量，aL和bL是a左右两部分，bL和bR是b的左右两部分，enrypt(d,k)
是块对于密码k以ECB模式的加密。
Initiala=0123456712345678234567893456789A(hex)
Initialb=0123456712345678234567893456789A(hex)
do1,000,000times
{
aL=encrypt(aL,b)
aR=encrypt(aR,b)
bL=encrypt(bL,a)
bR=encrypt(bR,a)
}
Verifya==EEA9D0A249FD3BA6B3436FB89D6DCA92(hex)
Verifyb==B2C95EB00C31AD7180AC05B8E83D696E(hex)
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