标题：不学无术
简介
拼音：bù xué wú shù 
出处：东汉·班固《汉书·霍光传》：“然光不学亡术，暗于大理。亡音无。学，五经之学。术音述，古籍多通假，术即述，说的是霍光没有经学根底，故而不明大道理。出处为孔子“信而好古，述而不作”。今人多将不学无术之术，理解为办法，是不识古文而望文生义。
示例：都说他的人是个好的，只可惜了一件，是犯了“～”四个字的毛病。 ★清·李宝嘉《官场现形记》第五十六回[1]
用法：联合式；作谓语、定语；含贬义，指人无学术、没本事。[2]
解释：学：学识，学问；术：技术，智术，技能。原指没有学问因而没有好办法。现指没有学问，没有本领。[3]
词语
近义词：目不识丁、胸无点墨、不通文墨、不学无知、才疏学浅、五谷不分、浑浑噩噩
反义词：博古通今、博学多才、真才实学、满腹经纶、多才多艺、学富五车、胸有成竹、博学多闻、博古通今、刺股悬梁、见多识广、博闻强记
其它
误用不能在其前加上“整天”“整月”等修饰词语。“学”为名词，常误作动词。灯谜能者为师
典故
汉武帝在位的时候的一个典故，大将军霍光是朝廷举足轻重的大臣，深得武帝信任。武帝临死前，把幼子刘弗陵（昭帝）托付给霍光辅佐。昭帝去世后，霍光又立刘询做皇帝（宣帝）。霍光掌握朝政大权四十多年，为西汉王进立下了不小的功勋。
刘询承皇位以后，立许妃做皇后。霍光的妻子霍显，是个贪图富贵的女人，她想把自己的小女儿成君嫁给刘询做皇后，就乘许娘娘有病的机会，买通女医下毒害死了许后。毒计败露，女医下狱。此事霍光事先一点也不知道，等事情出来了，霍显才告诉他。霍光非常惊惧，指责妻子不该办这种事情。他也想去告发，但又不忍心妻子被治罪，前思后想，还是把这件伤天害理的事情隐瞒下来了。霍光死后，有人向宣帝告发此案，宣帝派人去调查处理。霍光的妻子听说了，与家人、亲信商量对策，决定召集族人策划谋反，不想走漏了风声，宣帝派兵将霍家包围，满门抄斩。
东汉史学家班固在《汉书·霍光传》中评论霍光的功过。说他“不学无术，暗于大理”，意思是：霍光不读书，没学识，因而不明关乎大局的道理。
《寇准求教》
【原文】
初①，张咏在成都，闻准入相②，谓其僚属③曰：“寇公奇材，惜学术不足尔。”及准出陕，咏适自成都罢还④，准严⑤供帐，大为具待⑥。咏将去，准送之郊，问曰：“何以教准？”咏徐⑦曰：“《霍光传》⑧不可不读也。”准莫谕其意⑨，归取其传读之，至“不学无术”⑩，笑曰：“此张公谓我矣。”
【注释】
① 初：当初。 ② 入相：当了宰相。 ③ 僚属：下属的官。 ④ 罢还：免去官职归来。 ⑤ 严：这里作尊敬解。寇准很恭敬地为张咏供设帷帐。 ⑥ 大为具待：盛情款待。 ⑦ 徐：慢慢地。 ⑧ 霍光：西汉大臣，是西汉名将霍去病的异母之弟。《霍光传》出自《汉书》。 ⑨ 莫谕：不明白。 ⑩ 不学无术：《霍光传》原为‘不学亡术’，“亡”通“无”。本指霍光不能学习古人，所行不合道术。后指没有学问，缺乏修养。此文中是指寇准“学术不足”，即学问还不够。
起先，张咏在成都，听说寇准当宰相，对自己的僚属说： “寇公是奇才，可惜学问权术不够。”等到寇准出使陕州，张咏恰好从成都罢职回来，寇准尊敬地供给帐幕，热情款待。张咏将离去，寇准送他到郊外，问他说：“您有什么教我的？”张咏缓缓地说：“《霍光传》不可不读。”寇准没明白他的意思，回来取书读之，读到“不学无术”时，笑着说：“张公是这样说我的。”
【赏析】
此文摘选自《宋史·寇准传》。寇准是“奇材”，但“学术不足”，他当了宰相仍虚心请教，值得称颂。张咏示意他读一读《霍光传》，起初寇准不解其意，回到家里一翻书，读到“不学无术”时，方恍然大悟：张咏这是在说我啊。于是欣然接受。
扩展阅读： 1.寇准（961-1023）北宋政治家﹑诗人。汉族。字平仲。华州下邽(今陕西渭南)人。宋太宗太平兴国五年 (980)进士。淳化五年（994)为参知政事，其政治才能深得宋太宗赏识。知巴东县。宋真宗时﹐曾任同中书门下平章事。景德元年(1004)﹐辽军大举侵宋﹐寇准力主抵抗﹐并促使真宗渡河亲征﹐与辽立澶渊之盟，起了稳定局势的作用。不久﹐被大臣王钦若排挤罢相。晚年再度被起用。封莱国公。后又因大臣丁谓等陷害遭贬﹐远徙道州﹑雷州。宋仁宗天圣元年病死于雷州。谥号忠愍。
英文翻译
Having Neither Learning Nor Skill
In the reign of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty, Grand General Huo Guang was a minister who occupied a decisive position at court and was deeply trusted by the emperor. when Emperor Wudi was dying, he entrusted Huo Guang with the task of assisting his youngest son Liu fuelling (Emperor Zhaodi)in go verning the country. After the death of Emperor Zhaodi,Huo Guang made Liu Xun the emperor. who was Emperor Xuandi of the Han Dynasty. Controlling the imperial government for more than 40 years ,Huo Guang had rendered fairly outstanding service to the Western Han Dynasty. After Liu Xun ascended the throne, he made Imperial Concubine Xu his queen. Hankering after wealth and rank, Huo Guang's wife Huo Xian tried to make her youngest daughter Chengjun the queen of Lin Xun. So ,taking the opportunity of the queen's illness, Huo Xian bribed a woman doctor who poisoned the queen to death. The venomous scheme was brought to light,and the woman doctor was put into jail. Huo Guang knew nothing about it beforehand, and it was not until after the event that his wife told him about it. Seized with terror, Huo Guang reproached his wife for doing such a thing, He thought of reporting his wife for her crime, but at the same time did not have the beart to have her wife punished. After much hesitation, he conceited the thing offensive to God and reason in the end. After Huo Guang died,Emperor Xuandi was informed of the case. Someone was sent to investigate it. Hearing this,Huo Guang's wife discussed with her family members and trusted followers in order to find a way to deal with her family members and trusted followers in order to find a way to deal with the situation. Three decided to call the clansmen together to stage a rebellion. But the secret was divulged. Emperor Xuandi sent troops to surround Hue's home, and all the members of Hue's family were executed. Commenting on the merits and demerits of Huo Guang, historian Ban Gu(32-92) said in "The Life of Huo Guang "in his History of the Han Dynasty that Huo Guang "had neither knowledge nor skill and did not understand the major principles". That is to say, Huo Guang did not understand the truths concerning the overall situation because he did not study and had no knowledge. The set phrase" having neither knowledge nor skill" is later used to refer to being ignorant and incompetent.