标题：唐县高昌墓地发掘报告
图书信息
出版社: 文物出版社; 第1版 (2010年10月1日)
精装: 412页
正文语种: 简体中文
开本: 16
ISBN: 9787501030361
条形码: 9787501030361
尺寸: 28.6 x 21.4 x 3 cm
重量: 1.5 Kg
内容简介
An Excavation Report on Gaochang Cemetery
(Abstract)
The "South -to- North Water Diversion Project" is another 
large -scale hydraulic engineering work following the "Three 
Gorgeous Projects" , and also another startling move of Chinese 
government. The archaeological work, which coordinates with this 
project, has become an urgent and arduous task for the three 
provinces and one city along the line.
In the summer of 2002, from the end of 2003 to the beginning 
of 2004, and during the autumn season of the same year, Hebei 
Province -acting in concert with the water project -successively 
launched three archaeological investigation, exploration and 
primary excavation work, eventually fixing on 114 sites with 
abundant remaining relics. On the basis of importance and 
preservation conditions, all these sites were classified into "A, 
B, C, D" four levels as requested, among which Gaochang cemetery 
was designated as Level B.
Lasting from May 11,  2005  to September 30,  the exploration 
and excavation work at Gaochang cemetery was completed to explore 
an area of 5000 square metres, 131 tombs. Among all these tombs, 
there are 7 earthen - shafts of the Warring States Period, 92 
earthen - shafts of the Western Han Dynasty, 20 brick - chambered 
tombs of the Western and Eastern Han Dynasties, 6 were from the 
Northern Dynasties to the Sui Dynasty, one from the Song Dynasty, 
one earthen - shaft of the Qing Dynasty, and four unknown tombs, 
unearthing more than 700 sets of numbered funeral objects such as 
pottery, copper, iron, agate , porcelain, bone, glass, paint,etc. 
All the relevant information of the 131 excavated tomb are covered 
by this report.
The report consists of three parts: Part I is an overview; 
Part 11 is the tombs' information;Part m is a preliminary study.  
The first part is divided into three chapters, each depicting the 
general situation of the cemetery and the working methods, 
profiles, contents as well as the collation and compilation of 
materials, etc.  Part 11 starts with the tombs' era as a 
framework, then recounts them one by one in the order from small 
to big serial numbers. Each tomb, whether robbed or not, relies on 
raw material as its basis, then goes through indoor collation of 
materials and restoration and checking of objects, and then 
respectively depicted according to each tomb' s position, time of 
excavation, status quo of its preservation, filling'  s color and 
composition,the tomb'  s structure, the positions of coffins, 
bones, burial objects and the features of every burial object. 
Generally,  each tomb has an attached profile, some of them also 
has photos. Burial objects has attached outline drawings based on 
the tombs, the better and more intact one is the choice from the 
same items.
Part III of preliminary study involves seven chapters: 
cemetery overview; tombs' structure and the combination of burial 
objects; burial objects, decorative pottery of the Warring States 
Period and the Han Dynasty ; co - burial of different graves among 
the earthen - shafts of the Westeru Han Dynasty ; the transition 
from earthen - shafts to brick - chambered tombs ; the tombs' era 
and the owner'  s speculation.
"Cemetery overview" summarizes how the tombs of different 
periods surround a rock mound,meanwhile generalizes the main 
burial customs.  In the order of time periods, the chapter of 
"tombs' structure and the combination of burial objects" concludes 
the characteristics of tombs'struture, respectively from the 
filling, tombs' direction and size, tombs' furniture, skeleton, 
the combination of burial objects, etc. The conclusion, which is 
about the features of 92 earthen - shafts of the Western Han 
Dynasty, is particularly detailed. It divides the pottery of the 
burial objects into 7 combinations, among which the gallipots or 
the daily combination of gallipots and pottery bowls are the most 
common. The chapter of "burial objects"  - also in the order of 
time - generalizes the burial objects of all periods, roughly 
describing according to such classifications as pottery, copper, 
iron, pewter, jade, glass, bone, lacquer, etc. The 7 tombs of the 
Warring States Period and the 112 of the Western and Eastern Han 
Dynasties vary greatly on the number and variety of burial 
objects, as a result, independent forms of narrations are adopted. 
The pottery is divided for their types and forms based on the 
traditional method, each one is marked with the unearthed number 
as well as the general characteristic of its type and form, 
moreover, each form is marked with the number of tombs containing 
such items, and descriptive examples are also provided.
Chapter four of "decorative pottery of the Warring States 
Period and the Han Dynasty" summarizes how the items were molded 
and the main shapes of their various parts as well as the main 
decoration methods and ornamental patterns. Furthermore, this 
chapter also provides description along with drawings of rubbings 
for the main patterns, such as whirling mark (旋纹), cord mark, 
chequer, impressed complex of looped cord (绳圈印纹), nail 
pattern, dancette and the combination of whirling mark (旋纹), 
fret pattern, cord mark; the combination of whirling mark (旋纹), 
chequer, cord mark; the combination of whirling mark (旋纹), cord 
mark,short - string pattern, the combination of whirling mark (旋
纹), cord mark, impressed complex of looped cord (绳圈印纹). The " 
impressed complex of looped cord (绳圈印纹) " and its combination 
are rare patterns, which not only can decorate but also locate the 
'" ear" and the handle of an item. It'  s one of the unique 
patterns that prevailed in certain areas during the Han Dynasty.
The chapter -  " co - burial of different graves among the 
earthen - shafts of the Western Hart Dynasty"  - cites the 34 
tombs of Western Han Dynasty of Gaochang cemetery as concrete 
demonstrations, every two tombs make up a group and are side by 
side, which clarifies the prevalent "husband and wife buried 
together" during the earthen - shafts period. This chapter also 
expounds that the idea of " male superiority" almost dominated the 
whole class society of China, the idea is also reflected in the 
burial position of men and women due to their different social 
status." Right is superior, left is inferior"  - such idea was 
widespread, especially in the Warring States Period and the Han 
Dynasty, in line with this idea, the social reality of "male left, 
female right"when burying has come into being in most of the 
areas.
Another significant accomplishment of the excavation in 
Gaochang Cemetery is the transition from earthen -shafts to brick 
-chambered tombs, by analyzing several tombs of special styles of 
this particular period such as brick - framed tombs and also brick 
- framed ones with flat tops, for the first time, however, this 
article has clearly claimed that such styles were of popularity in 
certain areas during the transition period from earthen - shafts 
to brick - chambered tombs.  They still maintained the structure 
of wooden coffin of the earthen - shafts period, at the same time 
adopted brick frames and flat tops, even without evident tomb 
doors and passage ways, they are much more primitive than brick- 
spanned tops and domed tops of mature periods.
The last chapter involves the tombs' era and the owner'  s 
speculation, by making contrasts between tombs of major periods 
and recently - published materials on the same period, then 
leading to inference about the tombs' relative times, with 
particularly detailed classification on the most tombs of Han 
Dynasty according to different time periods. Based on the above - 
mentioned analysis about the structure of tombs and conclusions 
about the combination of burial objects as well as their types and 
forms, meanwhile taking the unearthed coins into consideration, 
this chapter divides the tombs of Han Dynasty into five periods: 
the early Western Han Dynasty, the mid-Western Han Dynasty, the 
late Western Han Dynasty, the end of Western Han Dynasty to the  
early Eastern Han Dynasty, the middle and late Eastern Han 
Dynasty.
目录
序言
第一章  概述
第一节  墓地概况及工作方法
第二节  工作概况及内容
第三节  材料整理与编写
第二章  墓葬资料
第一节  战国时期墓葬
一  M65
二  M77
三  M82
四  M102
五  M105
六  M106
七  M128
第二节  西汉时期土坑墓葬
一  M1
二  M2
三  M3
四  M4
五  M5
六  M6
七  M7
八  M8
九  M9
一0  M10
一一  M11
一二  M12
一三  M13
一四  M14
一五  M15
一六  M16
一七  M17
一八  M20
一九  M23
二0  M25
二一  M27
二二  M28
二三  M29
二四  M30
二五  M31
二六  M32
二七  M33
二八  M34
二九  M35
三0  M36
三一  M37
三二  M38
三三  M39
三四  M40
三五  M41
三六  M42
三七  M43
三八  M45
三九  M46
四0  M48
四一  M49
四二  M50
四三  M51
四四  M52
四五  M53
四六  M54
四七  M55
四八  M56
四九  M57
五0  M58
五一  M59
五二  M60
五三  M62
五四  M63
五五  M66
五六  M67
五七  M68
五八  M69
五九  M71
六0  M72
六一  M73
六二  M74
六三  M75
六四  M76
六五  M81
六六  M83
六七  M86
六八  M87
六九  M89
七0  M95
七一  M96
七二  M97
七三  M98
七四  M99
七五  M101
七六  M103
七七  M104
七八  M107
七九  M108
八0  M109
八一  M113
八二  M115
八三  M116
八四  M117
八五  M118
八六  M121
八七  M122
八八  M123
八九  M124
九0  M125-
九一  M126
九二  M127
第三节  两汉时期砖室墓葬
一  M61
二  M64
三  M70
四  M78
五  M79
六  M80
七  M84
八  M85
九  M88
一0  M90
一一  M91
一二  M92
一三  M93
一四  M94
一五  M100
一六  M114
一七  M120
一八  M129
一九M130
二0  M131
第四节  北朝—隋代墓葬
一  M18
二  M19
三  M21
四  M22
五  M24
六  M26
第五节  宋代墓葬
一  M112
第六节  清代墓葬
一  M47
第七节  年代不明墓葬
一  M44
二  M110
三  M111
四  M119
第三章  初步研究
第一节  墓地综述
第二节  墓葬形制及出土器物组合
一  战国时期墓葬
二  西汉时期土坑墓葬
三  两汉时期砖室墓葬
四  北朝至隋代砖室墓葬
五  宋代墓葬
六  清代墓葬
第三节  出土器物
一  战国时期墓葬
二  两汉时期墓葬
三  北朝至隋代墓葬
四  宋代墓葬
五  清代墓葬
第四节  战国、汉代陶器装饰
第五节  西汉土坑墓葬中的异穴合葬
第六节  土坑墓葬向砖室墓葬的过渡
第七节  墓葬年代及墓主推测
一  战国时期墓葬
二  两汉时期墓葬
三  北朝至隋代墓葬
四  宋代墓葬
五  清代墓葬
第八节  结语
附表  高昌墓地出土器物登记表
后记
英文提要