Mamluk sultonlari ro'yxati

Quyida Mamluk sultonlari roʻyxati keltirilgan.

Mamluklar sultonligiga 1250-yilda Ayyubiylar sultoni Solih Ayyubning mamluklari asos solgan. U Ayyubiylar davlatining oʻrnini egallagan. u Qohirada joylashgan boʻlib, oʻzining koʻp tarixi davomida sultonlik hududlari Misr, Suriya va Kichik Osiyoning bir qismi, Yuqori Mesopotamiya va Hijozni qamrab oladi. Sultonlik 1517-yilda Usmonli imperiyasining hokimyatga kelishi bilan tugagan.

Sulton an-Nosir Muhammad uch marta hukmronlik qilgan.

Sultonlar an-Nosir Hasan, Salohad-Din Hoji, Barquq va an-Nosir Faraj ikki marta hukmronlik qilgan boʻlsa-da, jami 47 ta sulton boʻlgan. Mamluklar davri, odatda, ikki davrga boʻlingan. Bular Bahri va Burji davrlari. Bahri sultonlari asosan turkiy boʻlgan , Burji sultonlari esa asosan etnik cherkeslar boʻlgan.

Mamluklarning dastlabki uch sultoni Aybak va uning oʻgʻli al-Mansur Ali va Qutuz, odatda, Bahriylar sulolasining bir qismi hisoblansa-da, ular Bahriy mamluklar polki tarkibiga kirmagan. Ular Bahriylarning siyosiy manfaatlariga qarshi chiqqanlar. Northrup 1998, pp. 69–70.

Bahriylar safidan chiqqan 1-sulton Baybars edi. 

Burji mamluklari 1382-yilda Sulton Barquqning taxtga kelishi bilan taxtni egallab olishadi. 34-sulton al-Mustaʼin Billoh ham Mamluk Abbosiy xalifasi boʻlib, hokimiyat tepasiga Burji amirlari tomonidan siymo sifatida oʻrnatilgan. 

 Sultonlar roʻyxati 

NumberRoyal titleNameReign startReign endEthnicityBackground notesCoinage1stAl-Malik al-Mu’izzIzz ad-Din Aybak31 July 1250Northrup 1998, p. 69.10 April 1257Northrup 1998, p. 70.TurkmenMiddle-ranking mamluk of Ayyubid sultan as-Salih Ayyub. Married the latter’s widow, Shajar ad-Durr, who became sultan on 2 May 1250 until she abdicated in favor of Aybak.100x100px2ndAl-Malik al-MansurNur ad-Din Ali15 April 1257November 1259TurkmenSon of Aybak.100x100px3rdAl-Malik al-MuzaffarSayf ad-Din QutuzNovember 125924 October 1260Khwarazmian TurkA mamluk of Aybak and head of Aybak’s mamluk faction, the Mu’izziya,Northrup, ed. Petry 1998, p. 250. Aybak’s chief deputy, and strongman of Ali’s sultanate.Northrup 1998, p. 71.100x100px4thAl-Malik az-ZahirRukn ad-Din Baybars24 October 12601 July 1277Kipchak TurkBahri mamluk and founder of the Bahri dynasty.100x100px5thAl-Malik as-SaʼidNasir ad-Din Barakah3 July 1277August 1279Kipchak TurkSon of Baybars and his wife, who was the daughter of Husam ad-Din Baraka Khan, a Khwarazmian warrior chief, after whom Barakah was named.Holt 2004, p. 99.100x100px6thAl-Malik al-AdilBadr ad-Din SalamishAugust 1279November 1279Kipchak TurkSon of Baybars.7thAl-Malik al-MansurSayf ad-Din QalawunNovember 127910 November 1290Kipchak TurkBahri mamluk and Baybars' chief deputy100x100px8thAl-Malik al-AshrafSalah ad-Din Khalil12 November 129012 December 1293Kipchak TurkSon of Qalawun.100x100px9thAl-Malik an-NasirNasir ad-Din Muhammad14 December 1293December 1294Kipchak TurkSon of Qalawun. First reign.100x100px10thAl-Malik al-AdilZayn ad-Din KitbughaDecember 12947 December 1296MongolNorthrup, ed. Petry 1998, p. 252.A mamluk of Qalawun.100x100px11thAl-Malik al-MansurHusam ad-Din Lajin7 December 129616 January 1299CircassianA mamluk of Qalawun. Relative to Rukn ad-Din Baybars al-Jashnakir100x100px12thAl-Malik an-NasirNasir ad-Din Muhammad16 January 1299March 1309Kipchak TurkSecond reign.100x100px13thAl-Malik al-MuzaffarRukn ad-Din Baybars al-JashnakirApril 13095 March 1310CircassianA mamluk of Qalawun. Relative to Husam ad-Din Lajin14thAl-Malik an-NasirNasir ad-Din Muhammad5 March 13106 June 1341Kipchak TurkThird reign.100x100px15thAl-Malik al-MansurSayf ad-Din Abu Bakr8 June 1341August 1341Drory 2006, p. 20.Kipchak TurkSon of an-Nasir Muhammad and his concubine Narjis.Bauden 2009, p. 63. Real power in Abu Bakr’s sultanate was held by Qawsun, a mamluk and senior emir of an-Nasir Muhammad.16thAl-Malik al-AshrafAlaʼa ad-Din KujukAugust 1341Levanoni 1995, p. 102.21 January 1342Drory 2006, p. 24.Kipchak Turk and TatarSon of an-Nasir Muhammad and his Tatar concubine Ardu. Was a child when he was made sultan by strongman Qawsun.17thAl-Malik an-NasirShihab ad-Din Ahmad21 January 134227 June 1342Drory 2006, p. 28.Kipchak TurkSon of an-Nasir Muhammad and his concubine Bayad, a freed slave girl.18thAl-Malik as-SalihImad ad-Din Abu’l Fida Ismaʼil27 June 13423 August 1345Griffith, Francis Llewellyn; and several more (1911). "Egypt/3 History" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 09 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 80–130, see pages 100 to 103. Kalā'ūn….Malik al-Nāṣir….Mongol Wars….Decline of the Bahri power….Timur in Syria….Wars with European Powers….Early relations with Turkey….The Turkish conquest
Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference
*Kipchak TurkSon of an-Nasir Muhammad and one of his concubines, unnamed by the sources.19thAl-Malik al-KamilSayf ad-Din Shaʼban3 August 134518 September 1346Kipchak TurkSon of an-Nasir Muhammad and one of his concubines, unnamed by the sources (same mother of as-Salih Ismaʼil).20thAl-Malik al-MuzaffarSayf ad-Din Hajji18 September 134610 December 1347Kipchak TurkSon of an-Nasir Muhammad and one of his other unnamed concubines.100x100px21stAl-Malik an-NasirBadr ad-Din HasanDecember 134721 August 1351Kipchak TurkSon of an-Nasir Muhammad and his concubine Kuda, who died in Hasanʼs infancy. First reign. Hasan acceded to the sultanate as a young child and real power was shared by four senior emirs, Shaykhu an-Nasiri, Taz an-Nasiri, Manjak al-Yusufi and Baybugha al-Qasimi. Hasan was toppled when he challenged their power.100x100px22ndAl-Malik as-SalihSalah ad-Din Salih21 August 135120 October 1354Kipchak TurkSon of an-Nasir Muhammad and his wife Qutlumalik, daughter of Emir Tankiz al-Husami.100x100px23rdAl-Malik an-NasirBadr ad-Din Hasan20 October 135416 March 1361Kipchak TurkSecond reign. He was killed by Emir Yalbugha al-Umari.100x100px24thAl-Malik al-MansurSalah ad-Din Muhammad17 March 136129 May 1363Kipchak TurkSon of Hajji. Real power was held by Emir Yalbugha al-Umari, who toppled him.100x100px25thAl-Malik al-AshrafZayn ad-Din Shaʼban (Shaʼban II)29 May 136315 March 1377Kipchak TurkSon of al-Amjad Husayn (d. 21 January 1363), the last surviving son of an-Nasir Muhammad who never reigned,Holt, eds. Vermeulen and De Smet, p. 319. and Khawand Baraka.100x100px26thAl-Malik al-MansurAlaʼa ad-Din Ali15 March 137719 May 1381Kipchak TurkSon of Shaʼban II. Was a child during his accession, and real power was initially held by emirs Ibek and Qartay until the latter was ousted by the former. Ibek was later killed and power passed to Barquq, a former mamluk of Yalbugha an-Nasiri.100x100px27thAl-Malik as-SalihSalah ad-Din Hajji19 May 138126 November 1382Kipchak TurkSon of al-Ashraf Shaʼban. Was a child during his succession and real power was held by Barquq.100x100px28thAl-Malik az-ZahirSayf ad-Din Barquq26 November 13821 June 1389CircassianA mamluk of Yalbugha al-Umari. Son of Anas, who was brought to Egypt by Barquq in 1381 and converted to Islam. First reign. Established the Burji dynasty.100x100px29thAl-Malik as-SalihSalah ad-Din Hajji1 June 1389January 1390Kipchak TurkSecond reign. Installed during a rebellion against Barquq in which the latter was toppled. When Barquq was restored, Hajji was allowed to continue residing in the Cairo Citadel.100x100px30thAl-Malik az-ZahirSayf ad-Din Barquq21 January 139020 June 1399CircassianSecond reign.100x100px31stAl-Malik an-NasirNasir ad-Din Faraj20 June 139920 September 1405CircassianSon of Barquq.100x100px32ndAl-Malik al-MansurIzz ad-Din Abd al-Aziz20 September 1405November 1405CircassianSon of Barquq.33rdAl-Malik an-NasirNasir ad-Din FarajNovember 140523 May 1412CircassianSecond reign.100x100px34thAl-Malik al-AdilAl-Mustaʼin Billah23 May 14126 November 1412ArabThe Abbasid caliph in Cairo. He was appointed by the Burji emir Shaykh Mahmudi as a figurehead, but then compelled him to abdicate.35thAl-Malik al-Mu’ayyadShaykh al-Mahmudi6 November 141213 January 1421CircassianA mamluk of Barquq.100x100px36thAl-Malik al-MuzaffarAhmad13 January 142129 August 1421CircassianSon of Shaykh. Was a child during accession.37thAl-Malik az-ZahirSayf ad-Din Tatar29 August 142130 November 1421CircassianA mamluk of BarquqGarcin, ed. Petry 1998, p. 293.38thAl-Malik as-SalihAn-Nasir ad-Din Muhammad30 November 14211 April 1422CircassianSon of Tatar. Was a child during accession.39thAl-Malik al-AshrafSayf ad-Din Barsbay1 April 14227 June 1438CircassianA mamluk of Barquq. He was a tutor of Muhammad before he toppled him.100x100px40thAl-Malik al-AzizJamal ad-Din Abu al-Mahasin Yusuf7 June 14389 September 1438CircassianSon of Barsbay. Was a child during accession.41stAl-Malik az-ZahirSayf ad-Din Jaqmaq9 September 14381 February 1453CircassianA mamluk of Barquq.100x100px42ndAl-Malik al-MansurFakhr ad-Din Uthman1 February 145315 March 1453CircassianSon of Jaqmaq.43rdAl-Malik al-AshrafSayf ad-Din Inal15 March 145326 February 1461CircassianA mamluk of Barquq.100x100px44thAl-Malik al-Mu’ayyadShihab ad-Din Ahmad26 February 146128 June 1461CircassianSon of Inal.45thAl-Malik az-ZahirSayf ad-Din Khushqadam28 June 14619 October 1467Greek or TurkishNatho, Kadir I. (2010). Circassian History. Xlibris Corporation. ISBN 978-1441523884A mamluk of Shaykh.100x100px45thAl-Malik az-ZahirSayf ad-Din Bilbay9 October 14674 December 1467CircassianA mamluk of Shaykh.Levanoni, eds. Winter and Levanoni 2004, p. 82.46thAl-Malik az-ZahirTimurbugha4 December 146731 January 1468GreekA mamluk of Jaqmaq.47thAl-Malik al-AshrafSayf ad-Din Qaʼitbay31 January 14687 August 1496CircassianA mamluk of Barsbay.Garcin, ed. Petry 1998, p. 295.100x100px48thAl-Malik an-NasirMuhammad7 August 149631 October 1498CircassianSon of Qaʼitbay49thAl-Malik az-ZahirAbu Saʼid Qansuh31 October 149830 June 1500CircassianA mamluk of Qaʼitbay.50thAl-Malik al-AshrafAbu al-Nasir Janbalat30 June 150025 January 1501CircassianOriginally a mamluk of Emir Yashbak min Mahdi, who gave Janbalat to Qaʼitbay, who then freed him.51stAl-Malik al-AdilSayf ad-Din Tumanbay25 January 150120 April 1501CircassianA mamluk of Qaʼitbay.Garcin, ed. Petry 1998, p. 297.52ndAl-Malik al-AshrafQansuh al-Ghawri20 April 150124 August 1516CircassianHis mamluk origins are unclear, but he was trained in the Ghawr Barracks of Cairo, hence his name „al-Ghawri“.Petry 1994, p. 20. Prior to his accession to the sultanate, he was an emir of ten and a provincial governor.53rdAl-Malik al-AshrafTumanbay II17 October 151615 April 1517CircassianLast Mamluk sultan.100x100px

 

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