Nitroalken

Nitroalken yoki nitro olefin, uning tarkibiy qismlari, alken va nitroguruhlarning funksionalligini birlashtirgan funktsional guruh boʻlib, alkenlarni faollashtirish orqali oʻzining kimyoviy xususiyatlarini namoyon qiladi va funktsional guruhni Maykl reaktsiyasi yoki Diels-Alder qo'shimchalari kabi maxsus reaktsiyalarda foydali qiladi.

 Sintez 
Nitroalkenlar turli yoʻllar bilan sintezlanadi, diqqatga sazovor misollar:

 Genri reaktsiyasi kabi nitroaldol reaktsiyalari :

 link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Furfural_nitroaldol_condensation.png/375px-Furfural_nitroaldol_condensation.png|center|375x375px

 Kumush nitrit va elementar yoddan in-situ hosil boʻlgan nitril yodid bilan alkenni nitrlash :

link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Nitrogenation_of_a_phenylisopropene.png|center

 Kislotali sharoitda alkenlarni azot oksidi va alyuminiy oksidi katalizatori bilan bevosita nitrlash:

link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Direct_nitration_of_styrene_with_alumina_catalyst.svg/508px-Direct_nitration_of_styrene_with_alumina_catalyst.svg.png|center

 Alkenlarni Clayfen bilan toʻgʻridan-toʻgʻri nitrlash ( Montmorillonit loyida qoʻllab-quvvatlanadigan temir (III) nitrat ):

link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Direct_nitration_of_styrene_using_FeNO3_on_a_Clayfen_support.png|center

 Nitro-spirtlarning suvsizlanishi:

link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Dehydration_of_2-nitroethanol_to_nitroethylene_via_phthalic_anhydride.svg/400px-Dehydration_of_2-nitroethanol_to_nitroethylene_via_phthalic_anhydride.svg.png|center|400x400px

 Reaksiyalar 
Nitroalkenlar turli xil kimyoviy funktsiyalar uchun foydali vositadir.

 Likoritsidin sintezida oʻzini Maykl akseptori sifatida tutadigan nitroalken:

link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Michael_acceptor_intermediate_in_Lycoricidine_Synthesis.svg/830px-Michael_acceptor_intermediate_in_Lycoricidine_Synthesis.svg.png|center

 Nitroalken Diels-Alder siklo yuklanishida butadienga nisbatan faollashtirilgan dienofil vazifasini bajaradi:

link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Nitroalkene_dienophile_in_cycloaddition_with_butadiene.svg/470px-Nitroalkene_dienophile_in_cycloaddition_with_butadiene.svg.png|center

 Barton-Zard reaksiyasi orqali pirol hosilalarining sintezi: pp.43-4

link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Barton-Zard_reaction.svg/450px-Barton-Zard_reaction.svg.png|center|450x450px

 Nitroalkenning indol hosil qiluvchi peritsiklik reaksiyasi :

link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Pericyclic_reaction_of_a_nitroalkene_yielding_an_indole.svg/606px-Pericyclic_reaction_of_a_nitroalkene_yielding_an_indole.svg.png|center

 Gidroksilamin funktsional guruhiga ega boʻlgan alkenga qisman gidrogenlash :

link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Partial_hydrogenation_of_a_nitrostyrene_to_an_alkene_hydroxylamine.svg/860px-Partial_hydrogenation_of_a_nitrostyrene_to_an_alkene_hydroxylamine.svg.png|center

 Birlamchi aminlarga qaytarilishi :

link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Hydrogenation_of_a_nitrostyrene_to_a_primary_amine.svg/1436px-Hydrogenation_of_a_nitrostyrene_to_a_primary_amine.svg.png|center

 Asimmetrik Stetter reaktsiyasi :

link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Asymmetric_Stetter_Reaction_with_Nitroalkenes.png/400px-Asymmetric_Stetter_Reaction_with_Nitroalkenes.png|center|400x400px

 

Turkum:Funksional guruh
Turkum:Nitro guruh