Yoxas/statistical_literacy huggingface dataset:
This study aims to compare determinants of health facility delivery for women under a health insurance scheme and those not under a health insurance scheme. Secondary data drawn from the National Demographic and Health Survey was used for the analysis. The characteristics of the women were presented with simple proportions. Binary multilevel logistic regression was used to examine the determinants of health facilities for women who enrolled in health insurance and those who did not. All statistical analyses were set at 5% level of significant level (p = 0.24). The result showed that 2.1% of the women were under a health insurance scheme. Disparity exists in health insurance ownership as a higher proportion of those enrolled in health insurance were those with higher education attainment, in urban parts of the country, and those situated on higher wealth quintiles. There is a significant difference between those with and those without health insurance. It implies that a higher proportion of women who enrolled in health insurance delivered in health facility delivery compared to those who do not. The unique determinants of health facility delivery for women under health insurance were parity and birth order, while unique determinants of health facility delivery for women not enrolled in health schemes were employment status, marriage type, and geopolitical zones. Uniform predictors of health facility delivery for both groups of women were maternal education, household wealth quintiles, autonomy on healthcare, number of antenatal contacts, residential status, community-level poverty, community-level media use, and community-level literacy. Intervention programs designed to improve health facility delivery should expand educational opportunities for women, improve household socioeconomic conditions, target rural women, and encourage women to undertake a minimum of four antenatal contacts.
This study aims to compare the effectiveness of Hybrid and Pure problem-based learning (PBL) in teaching clinical reasoning skills to medical students. The study sample consisted of 99 medical students participating in a clerkship rotation at the Department of General Medicine, Chiba University Hospital. They were randomly assigned to Hybrid PBL (intervention group, n = 52) or Pure PBL group (control group, n = 47). The quantitative outcomes were measured with the students' perceived competence in PBL, satisfaction with sessions, and self-evaluation of competency in clinical reasoning. The qualitative component consisted of a content analysis on the benefits of learning clinical reasoning using Hybrid PBL. There was no significant difference between intervention and control groups in the five students' perceived competence and satisfaction with sessions. In two-way repeated measure analysis of variance, self-evaluation of competency in clinical reasoning was significantly improved in the intervention group in "recalling appropriate differential diagnosis from patient's chief complaint" (F(1,97) = 5.295, p = 0.024) and "practicing the appropriate clinical reasoning process" (F(1,97) = 4.016, p = 0.038). According to multiple comparisons, the scores of "recalling appropriate history, physical examination, and tests on clinical hypothesis generation" (F(1,97) = 6.796, p = 0.011), "verbalizing and reflecting appropriately on own mistakes," (F(1,97) = 4.352, p = 0.040) "selecting keywords from the whole aspect of the patient," (F(1,97) = 5.607, p = 0.020) and "examining the patient while visualizing his/her daily life" (F(1,97) = 7.120, p = 0.009) were significantly higher in the control group. In the content analysis, 13 advantage categories of Hybrid PBL were extracted. In the subcategories, "acquisition of knowledge" was the most frequent subcategory, followed by "leading the discussion," "smooth discussion," "getting feedback," "timely feedback," and "supporting the clinical reasoning process." Hybrid PBL can help acquire practical knowledge and deepen understanding of clinical reasoning, whereas Pure PBL can improve several important skills such as verbalizing and reflecting on one's own errors and selecting appropriate keywords from the whole aspect of the patient.
This study aims to compare the performance of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT-3.5) and ChatGPT-4 (GPT-4) on the American Society for Surgery of the Hand (ASSH) Self-Assessment Examination (SAE) to determine their potential as educational tools. This study assessed the proportion of correct answers to text-based questions on the 2021 and 2022 ASSH SAE between untrained ChatGPT versions. Secondary analyses assessed the performance of ChatGPT based on question difficulty and question category. The outcomes of ChatGPT were compared with the performance of actual examinees on the ASSH SAE. A total of 238 questions were included in the analysis. Compared with GPT-3.5, GPT-4 provided significantly more correct answers overall (58.0% versus 68.9%, respectively;P = 0.013), on the 2022 SAE (55.9% versus 72.9%; P = 0.007), and more difficult questions (48.8% versus 63.6%; P = 0.02). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, correct answers were predicted by GPT-4 (odds ratio [OR], 1.66; P = 0.011), increased question difficulty (OR, 0.59; P = 0.009), Bone and Joint questions (OR, 0.18; P < 0.001), and Soft Tissue questions (OR, 0.30; P = 0.013). Actual examinees scored a mean of 21.6% above GPT-3.5 and 10.7% above GPT-4. The mean percentage of correct answers by actual examinees was significantly higher for correct (versus incorrect) ChatGPT answers. GPT-4 demonstrated improved performance over GPT-3.5 on the ASSH SAE, especially on more difficult questions. Actual examinees scored higher than both versions of ChatGPT, but the margin was cut in half by GPT-4.
This study aims to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore the trajectory and thematic developments of emotional labour research in nursing. Utilizing descriptive and bibliometric analysis techniques. The data analysis and graphical presentation were conducted using the Bibliometrix Package in R software. The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was searched on October 20, 2023. From 1992 to 2023, 842 authors published relevant articles, yielding 779 author keywords. There has been a general upward trend in the number of articles published over the past 30 years, with an annual growth rate of 11.71%. Keyword co-occurrence cluster analysis revealed the main focus areas of research on emotional labour antecedents and consequences, regulatory modalities, training and education, as well as research methods and application scenarios. Emotional labour significantly influences nursing staff's well-being and patient care outcomes. Effective management and education regarding emotional labour are crucial for enhancing nursing staff performance and patient care quality. Future research should focus on long-term effects, training efficacy, regulatory strategies across clinical settings, and innovative approaches to address current challenges. This study provides valuable insights into the unique trajectory and thematic developments of emotional labour research in nursing. The findings underscore the importance of addressing emotional labour in nursing practice and education to improve patient care outcomes and nursing staff well-being. Adherence to recognized bibliometric reporting methods, following relevant EQUATOR guidelines. This study is based solely on existing literature and did not involve patients or the public in its design, conduct, analysis, interpretation, or preparation.
This study aims to conduct a thorough analysis of the concept of insufficient health literacy (IHL) in older adults and to refine a nursing diagnosis proposal while considering the specific characteristics of this demographic. A comprehensive concept analysis was undertaken using Walker & Avant's method as a framework. A systematic search across seventeen databases yielded 29 relevant studies for inclusion. Through analysis, we identified 15 antecedents, 3 attributes, and 7 consequents associated with IHL in older adults. The concept analysis brought clarity to the understanding of IHL within older adults, facilitating the refinement of a diagnosis proposal. This process was instrumental in establishing a diagnostic structure that accounts for the unique needs and challenges faced by older adults. The structured diagnosis derived from the concept analysis provides a solid theoretical foundation for nurses specializing in Gerontology. By tailoring care interventions to address the specific requirements of older adults, this framework enhances the quality of nursing practice and contributes to improved patient outcomes in geriatric care settings.
This study aims to describe the experiences of women with gynaecological cancer regarding family-oriented care (FOC) and how they rated their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using a 15D instrument (15D©). A cross-sectional mixed-method study. The data were collected by electronic surveys of two Finnish cancer associations from gynaecological cancer patients (n = 53). The qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis. The HRQoL answers were analysed statistically using IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 27). The results emphasized that FOC is not yet part of the care process. Furthermore, comprehensive encounters are lacking, and the experience of being a woman is forgotten during the care process. The results of the HRQoL analysis suggest that distress and the discomfort and symptoms of cancer patients are perceived as significant factors affecting their quality of life during different phases of treatment. Family status also has an impact on perceived quality of life, whereby those living alone gave worse ratings for the depression and vitality dimensions. In part, the quantitative and qualitative data supported each other, but the descriptions provided a more comprehensive view of issues that affect women in a more multidimensional way, such as sexual health issues. More research on the effectiveness of FOC is needed to develop the capacity for effective healthcare. This study was able to identify important areas for improvement in clinical practice from the perspective of patients and their families. This study was prepared and reported according to the STROBE checklist. No patient or public contribution.
This study aims to determine nursing students' emotions toward the challenging situations they encounter in clinical practice and their metaphorical perceptions of the concept of a nurse. Challenging situations in clinical practice negatively affect nursing students' perceptions of the nursing profession and their professional learning and development. The study is based on quantitative, metaphorical and picture-drawing analysis. The quantitative and qualitative parts of it were conducted with 200 nursing students attending their first and second years in the 2021-2022 academic year. The Draw a Picture of a Cactus Test was carried out with 30 students in clinical practice. The data were collected using the "Sociodemographic Information Form" and the "Semi-structured Interview Form". Content analysis techniques, descriptive statistics, picture analysis and psychological tests were used to evaluate the data. The study was reported based on Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR). Nursing students involved in the study produced 37 metaphors related to the "concept of a nurse" and three most expressed ones were "mother, lifeguard and helper." The metaphors produced by nursing students were categorized under six roles: "caregiver, educator, supporter, researcher, administrator and therapeutic/rehabilitator". The pictures drawn by the students about the challenging situations in clinical practice and the expressions they used were associated with self-centeredness (n=21), being attentive (n=19), aggression toward peers (n=13), low motivation (n=11) and need for protection (n=11). Nursing students experienced feelings of loneliness, passivity and anxiety when navigating difficult conditions in clinical practice. Metaphors and picture drawing allow a unique approach to the concept of nursing and nursing students' emotional states toward challenging situations in their clinical practice.
This study aims to determine the differences in satisfaction levels after septorhinoplasty between patients who are healthcare workers and those who are not. The study includes patients who underwent primary septorhinoplasty surgery, divided into two groups: healthcare workers and non-healthcare workers. The Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) questionnaire was administered to the patients at the 6th postoperative month. Among the 37 patients, 18 were healthcare workers, and 19 were non-healthcare workers. The mean Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation score for healthcare workers at the 6th postoperative month was 75.69 ± 16.06, while in the non-healthcare worker group, the ROE scores were 60.31 ± 27.69. The findings from our study indicated that individuals in the healthcare profession exhibited significantly greater satisfaction rates following septorhinoplasty in comparison to those in the non-healthcare worker group, with a statistically significant difference noted (p: 0.046). Having more knowledge about septorhinoplasty surgery and its complications among healthcare workers may allow for more realistic expectations regarding the surgical intervention. Simultaneously, it may facilitate better communication with the surgeon and the expression of expectations. Clinicians should pay attention not only to the patient's intellectual level but also to their health literacy in communication with the patient.
This study aims to determine the influence of eHealth literacy on mental health promotion among Saudi nursing students. This cross-sectional study was conducted from 19 April to 21 May 2020. A total of 468 nursing students responded to the self-administered online survey. Two instruments, namely, the eHealth Literacy Scale and the Positive Mental Health Scale, were used. Statistical tools such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used for the descriptive analysis. Multiple regression analysis was employed to analyse the relationship between eHealth literacy, health promotion, and its predictors. The results showed that 30.3% of nursing students were dissatisfied with their general health. Students perceived high self-assessed eHealth literacy and positive mental health. Students in the 4th year had lower scores than those of students in the 2nd year. Nursing students perceived that the quarantine and public social distancing lowered their mental health scores. Finally, the eHealth literacy mean scores resulted in a 0.21-point increase in the positive mental health scores. The finding of the study shows that the eHealth literacy positively influnce the mental health status of Saudi Nursing students.
This study aims to determine whether ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are being discussed in news media in Australia and whether this terminology, as described in the NOVA system, is being applied accurately. Interpretive content analysis of online and print media articles that mentioned UPFs from 2009 to 2023 in Australia. Australia. Online and print media articles. A total of two hundred ninety-eight Australian media articles were captured. A substantial increase in the number of UPF articles was observed between 2017-2019 and 2021-2023. The UPF concept was inaccurately explained or defined in 32 % of the articles and was frequently used interchangeably with other descriptors, such as 'highly or heavily processed food', 'junk food', 'unhealthy food', 'packaged food' and 'discretionary food'. Most of the articles had a health focus; however, sustainability interest increased, particularly in the past 18 months. UPFs are increasingly being discussed in news media in Australia; however, the concept is still incorrectly presented in over a third of articles. This highlights the importance of improving the literacy about UPFs to ensure that messages are communicated in a way that is salient, accessible and accurate.
This study aims to determine, from the perspective of investors, the factors that predict Islamic unit trust (IUT) investment intentions. Additionally, this paper examines the moderating effect of fintech self-efficacy (FSE) on the relationship between attitude and investment intention. A total of 392 data were collected from IUT investors in Malaysia and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The findings reveal that subjective norms have the highest impact on investment intention, followed by attitude and FSE, while religiosity is not significantly associated with investment intention in Islamic unit trust funds. Attitude significantly mediates religiosity-intention and Islamic financial literacy-intention relationships. FSE significantly moderates the attitude-intention relationship. The results shed light on the key factors that increase investing behavior and have direct managerial implications with regard to marketing strategies and target markets. These findings suggest that IUT service providers should take the lead in attracting customers through effective and targeted marketing initiatives, particularly by enhancing customers' FSE and capabilities. This study provides empirical evidence on the interrelationships between Islamic financial literacy, religiosity, and FSE in examining investors' behavior using the Theory of Planned Behavior framework. The study explores the moderating role of FSE on the relationship between attitude and investment intention.
This study aims to develop and externally validate models to predict the probability of postoperative verbal memory decline in adults following temporal lobe resection (TLR) for epilepsy using easily accessible preoperative clinical predictors. Multivariable models were developed to predict delayed verbal memory outcome on 3 commonly used measures: Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), and Logical Memory (LM), and Verbal Paired Associates (VPA) subtests from Wechsler Memory Scale-Third Edition. Using Harrell's step-down procedure for variable selection, models were developed in 359 adults who underwent TLR at Cleveland Clinic and validated in 290 adults at 1 of 5 epilepsy surgery centers in the United States or Canada. Twenty-nine percent of the development cohort and 26% of the validation cohort demonstrated significant decline on at least 1 verbal memory measure. Initial models had good-to-excellent predictive accuracy (calibration (c) statistic range = .77-.80) in identifying patients with memory decline; however, models slightly underestimated decline in the validation cohort. Model coefficients were updated using data from both cohorts to improve stability. The model for RAVLT included surgery side, baseline memory score, and hippocampal resection. The models for LM and VPA included surgery side, baseline score, and education. Updated model performance was good to excellent (RAVLT c = .81, LM c = .76, VPA c = .78). Model calibration was very good, indicating no systematic over- or under-estimation of risk. Nomograms are provided in 2 easy-to-use formats to assist clinicians in estimating the probability of verbal memory decline in adults considering TLR for treatment of epilepsy.
This study aims to discuss the forensic and criminological implications of child homicides in the territory of Milan, Italy. The authors present a retrospective study on all the cases of child and adolescent homicides, that were observed at the Institute of Legal Medicine of Milan (Italy) in the last 30 years (from January 1991 to December 2020). A total of 46 child homicides were collected, focusing on the sociological features, by highlighting peculiar cases, risk factors, potential changing social trends, and comparing our cases with the current literature. The analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship (p < 0.05) for male adolescents and indicated that adolescent homicides were more frequently perpetrated in extrafamilial contexts. In contrast, neonaticides and infanticides were mainly committed at home. Furthermore, the Fisher's Exact test revealed that child murders were mainly committed by immigrants in the Milan district after 2005 (p < 0.05). The two main causes of death were due to sharp and firearm injuries. While the relationship between homicide clusters and homicides committed by sharp objects was not significant, adolescent homicides were mainly committed using firearms (p < 0.05). The present study may help to identify risk factors for homicides against child and adolescent. Consequently, policies that identify, prevent, and minimize this extreme violence should be designed to interrupt the vicious circle of such dreadful murderous events. Child and adolescent homicides deserve additional focus and better education for healthcare professionals and further research should be carried out to develop therapeutic and caring strategies.
This study aims to evaluate health literacy (HL) in geriatric orthopaedic trauma patients and their families as it relates to their post-acute care (PAC) in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs). This nonrandomized controlled clinical trial included patients aged 65 years and older treated for acute fracture at a Level 1 trauma center and discharged to either IRF or SNF. First 106 patients enrolled served as the control group and received standard discharge instructions. The second 101 patients were given a set of oral and written instructions regarding PAC detailing important questions to ask upon arrival to their facility. The mean HL score for all patients/families was 2.4 out of 5. No significant difference was noted in HL scores (2.4 versus 2.3) or median LOS (22 versus 28 days) between the control and intervention groups. Family involvement (68%) slightly improved HL scores (2.6 versus 1.9, P < 0.001). Patients discharged to IRF had better HL scores (3.4 versus 2.3, P < 0.001), shorter LOS (median 15 vs 30 days, P < 0.001), and trended toward improved knowledge of discharge goals (48.1% versus 35.6%) than those in SNF. System-wide solutions are necessary to improve geriatric HL and optimize outcomes in orthopaedic trauma.
This study aims to evaluate program signaling in surgical specialties, analyze its influence on residency applications, and provide recommendations for enhancing its consistency and effectiveness. This cross-sectional study analyzed AAMC ERAS data from the 2021 to 2022 and 2023 residency match cycles, focusing on surgical specialties including general surgery, neurological surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and orthopedic surgery. A positive correlation existed between the number of signals received and the number of applicants to a program across 4 surgical specialties. 10% of programs in each specialty received between 17% and 28% of all signals. There was a negative correlation between the number of current DO residents at a program and the number of signals received. Amongst surgical specialties, those with more signals per applicant had a more equitable distribution of signals across competitive programs. University programs received the most signals, programs were less likely to receive signals if they had a higher percentage of DO residents, and IMG applicants were less likely to send signals. Specialties with more signals per applicant had a more equitable distribution of signals across competitive programs, and university programs received proportionally more signals than community programs. Further research is required to investigate the disparities in signaling and the impact of signaling on successful matching.