Yoxas/statistical_literacy huggingface dataset:
Family caregivers play a crucial role in providing physical, emotional, and social support to the elderly, allowing them to maintain their independence and stay in their preferred living environment. However, family caregivers face numerous challenges and require specific knowledge and skills to provide effective care. Therefore, understanding the knowledge and skills required for effective family caregiving in elderly home care is vital to support both the caregivers and the elderly recipients. The research was carried out in Mekelle City, Ethiopia, utilizing the phenomenology study design and purposive sampling technique. A total of twenty-two in-depth interviews were conducted. Individuals with experience in providing care for elderly people in their homes were targeted. Data was gathered through the use of an open-ended guide, transcribed word-for-word, inputted into ATLAS.ti8 software, and translated. Codes and themes were then extracted from the transcribed data, and a thematic analysis was performed. To minimize personal biases, the collected data were coded independently by the data collection assistants and the PI. The analysis was carried out by authors who were not involved in the data collection process. The interviews were conducted in a quiet place. A total of 22 in-depth interviews were conducted as part of this research. The results indicated that although the participants had knowledge about common health problems experienced by older people, they were uninformed about how to manage these conditions at home and were unaware of specialized healthcare resources for the elderly. Furthermore, they had limited knowledge about suitable exercise routines, strategies to prevent falls, and home healthcare practices for older individuals. On the other hand, they exhibited a solid comprehension and awareness of abusive behaviors specifically directed at older adults. The results emphasized the importance of enhancing education and training for family caregivers in handling elderly health issues, raising awareness about specialized healthcare services catered to the elderly, improving understanding of activities of daily living (ADLs) and fall prevention, and offering inclusive training in healthcare tasks related to elder care. Participants should receive comprehensive education and training programs to enhance their knowledge and skills in managing these conditions. Efforts should also be made to raise awareness about the availability of geriatric hospitals or specialized nurses for the elderly. Participants need to be educated about suitable exercise routines for the elderly and fall prevention strategies. Healthcare skills training is also necessary for participants, focusing on activities such as wound dressing, vital sign monitoring, and establishing a specific schedule for changing positions.
Family caregivers, also known as informal caregivers, are critical for the home care of patients with urostomy. The present study aimed to investigate the benefits of family caregivers in China while taking care of patients with urostomy from a positive perspective. A qualitative research design was adopted, with a thematic analysis. The qualitative research software NVivo was used for data analysis. Twenty-two family caregivers of urostomy patients participated in an in-depth interview for 60-90 min. A qualitative analysis was performed using a thematic approach in accordance with the six-stage thematic analysis process reported by Braun and Clarke (2006). The following four benefits were identified: mastering knowledge and skills, promoting self-growth, establishing close family ties, and changing the way of life. Among these four themes, 11 sub-themes were constructed by coders. This study provides new insights into intervention measures for family caregivers of patients with urostomy, which could play an important role in developing the overall model of family-centered nursing.
Family environment has the major impact on children's academic development. The aim of this study was to research the relationship between family capital and academic achievement in geography. Further, geospatial thinking, as a form of spatial thinking focusing on the scale of the geographical environment, is closely related to family environment and academic achievement in geography. Thus, the study was more specifically to apply a mediation model to explore the potential mediating role of geospatial thinking. A total of 1,037 upper-secondary-school students in Western China were surveyed using t the Family Capital Questionnaire and the Geospatial Thinking Test Questionnaire. SPSS (version 26.0) was used for descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis. The PROCESS plug-in (version 4.0) was used to test the mediating effect of geospatial thinking. (1) The correlation analysis showed that family capital has a positive effect on academic achievement in geography and is related to geospatial thinking. Moreover, geospatial thinking exerts a positive effect on academic achievement in geography. (2) The results of mediation analysis indicated that geospatial thinking plays mediating and buffering roles in the relationship between family capital and academic achievement in geography after controlling for family residence and gender. The direct and indirect effects accounted for 75.32% and 24.68% of the total effect, respectively. The results indicated that family capital not only affected academic achievement in geography directly but also indirectly through geospatial thinking. This finding provides some ideas for the development of geography education, which suggests that geography educators need to pay more attention to the influence of the family environment on students' geography learning in curriculum design and teaching processes. Also, the mediating role of geospatial thinking further uncovers the mechanisms underlying the academic achievement in geography. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on both students' family capital and geospatial thinking in the process of geography learning, and carry out more geospatial thinking training to improve academic achievement in geography.
Family Integrated Care (FICare) integrates parents as partners in neonatal intensive care unit care. Our team adapted and implemented this approach in a Ugandan unit for hospitalized neonates. This qualitative descriptive study examined the perceptions of mothers and healthcare professionals (HCPs) of the benefits and challenges of this new approach to care. Fifty-one mothers of hospitalized neonates born weighing greater than 2000 g participated in the program. They were taught to assess neonate danger signs, feeding, and weight. After discharge, a subsample (n = 15) participated in focus groups to explore benefits and challenges of their participation in care. Interviews with 8 HCPs were also conducted for the same purpose. Transcripts from focus groups and interviews were analyzed using inductive content analysis to describe the benefits and challenges from the perspectives of mothers and HCPs. For mothers a benefit was decreased stress. Both mothers and HCPs reported that the knowledge and skills mothers acquired were a benefit as was their ability to apply these to the care of their neonate. Improved relations between mothers and HCPs were described, characterized by greater exchange of information and HCPs' attentiveness to mothers' assessments. Mothers felt ready for discharge and used their knowledge at home. HCPs noted a decrease in their workload. Challenges included the need for mothers to overcome fears about performing the tasks, their own well-being and literacy skills, and access to equipment. Mothers' participation in their neonates' care can have benefits for them and their neonate.
Family members are at the forefront of providing care to patients with chronic illnesses, such as heart failure (HF). Since patient caregiving can affect the mental and physical health of family caregivers, the implementation and training of new psychological interventions by nurses are considered important and necessary for family caregivers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of emotional freedom techniques (EFTs) on anxiety and caregiver burden of family caregivers of patients with HF. This study was a quasi-experimental study, in which 91 family caregivers participated. The family caregivers were assigned into two groups of intervention (n = 46) and control (n = 45). Data were collected using a demographic information form, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) developed by Novak and Guest. The intervention group underwent EFT training within six sessions, while the control group received no training. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and absolute and relative frequency) and inferential statistical tests such as Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and independent t-tests were run, and the data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 software. The findings showed that the intervention group had a significant improvement in reducing anxiety (P > 0.001). In addition, EFT significantly reduced caregiver burden among family caregivers of HF patients (P > 0.001). EFT could significantly reduce anxiety and caregiver burden in family caregivers of patients with HF in our study. Therefore, nurses working in clinical settings are recommended to learn and use EFT to reduce the anxiety and caregiver burden of patients' family caregivers.
Family nursing practices (FNPs) are gaining momentum in global literature, but the available research has targeted qualified nursing professionals. There are limited studies exploring this phenomenon in undergraduate student nurses in South Africa. The study aimed at exploring the undergraduate student nurse perceptions of FNPs. The study was conducted at a selected university in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. A descriptive survey design was used to purposively select undergraduate nursing students. The Family Nursing Practice Scale (FNPS) was used to collect data online. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse quantitative data. Open ended questions were analysed using content analysis. Out of 154 participants, 77 responded to the questionnaire, translating to a response rate of 50%. Compared with other studies in literature, student nurses rated their overall FNP as being low (M = 3.43, s.d. = 0.99). A further descriptive analysis revealed better FNPs (2.97) for 3rd year compared to 2nd year (3.90) nursing students with significance differences in the means (p < 0.0001). While family conflict, maintaining confidentiality, ill prepared and absent family were challenges experienced in FNP, advantages included obtaining detailed information, ability to plan individualised care and enhanced student nurse-family relationship. A lower critical practice appraisal and lower perceptions of interaction and reciprocity in the nurse-family relationship were identified. There is need for an inclusive curriculum that promotes and advocates for family nursing within the undergraduate programme. This study highlights the importance of teaching family nursing to undergraduate student nurses.
Family physicians are uniquely poised to provide gender-affirming care (GAC) to transgender and nonbinary patients, but current undergraduate and graduate medical education in this field is lacking. Little is known about the impact of various GAC curricula on the clinical care provided by resident physicians. We aimed to assess the efficacy of a multimodal educational framework on the quality of GAC provided by residents at a large academic family medicine program. This pilot study used chart review to assess the impact of a multifaceted educational intervention around GAC in an academic family medicine practice. Components included faculty-specific didactics, resident feedback and didactics, standardized note templates, and compiled resources. We completed pre- and postintervention analysis of resident-led GAC encounters using a novel rubric based on standards of care and compared these results using descriptive statistics. Following a multimodal educational intervention, residents demonstrated improvement in multiple domains of gender-affirming care, including documenting informed consent, counseling on pregnancy and contraception, and laboratory monitoring for patients initiating gender-affirming hormone therapy. This widespread improvement suggested that a multimodal approach to resident and faculty education may help enhance the quality of GAC provided by family medicine residents. Chart review offers a feasible and effective method for identifying gaps in resident knowledge and documentation in GAC. Further research should specifically explore faculty development in this area and expanded patient-centered quality metrics and outcomes that encompass GAC.
Family physicians perceive that gut feelings, i.e. a 'sense of reassurance' or a 'sense of alarm', play a substantial role in diagnostic reasoning. A measuring instrument is desirable for further research. Our objective is to validate a questionnaire measuring the presence of gut feelings in diagnostic reasoning. We constructed 16 case vignettes from real practice situations and used the accompanying 'sense of reassurance' or the 'sense of alarm' as reference labels. Based on the results of an initial study (26 family physicians), we divided the case vignettes into a group involving a clear role for the sense of reassurance or the sense of alarm and a group involving an ambiguous role. 49 experienced family physicians evaluated each 10 vignettes using the questionnaire. Construct validity was assessed by testing hypotheses and an internal consistency procedure was performed. As hypothesized we found that the correlations between the reference labels and corresponding items were high for the clear-case vignettes (0.59 - 0.72) and low for the ambiguous-case vignettes (0.08 - 0.23). The agreement between the classification in clear sense of reassurance, clear sense of alarm and ambiguous case vignettes as derived from the initial study and the study population's judgments was substantial (Kappa = 0.62). Factor analysis showed one factor with opposites for sense of reassurance and sense of alarm items. The questionnaire's internal consistency was high (0.91). We provided a linguistic validated English-language text of the questionnaire. The questionnaire appears to be valid. It enables quantitative research into the role of gut feelings and their diagnostic value in family physicians' diagnostic reasoning.
Family physicians report feeling inadequately prepared to meet the evolving mental health care needs of the population. Little scholarship exists evaluating the effectiveness of curricula designed to teach mental health and addiction (MH&A) care to family medicine (FM) residents. As such, the purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of recent FM residency graduates in providing mental health care, and their perceptions of mental health training gaps during their residencies. A qualitative descriptive study design was conducted by 8 recent graduates of the University of Toronto's FM residency program, who participated in semi-structured video interviews. A thematic analysis approach was used to collect and analyze the data. Through thematic analysis, 3 overarching themes were developed: (1) barriers in providing mental health and addiction care, (2) curriculum renewal, and (3) the role of FPs and professional identity. Consistent with the literature, the majority of recent FM graduates expressed discomfort when managing patients with mental health and addiction concerns. Additionally, participants perceived residency program time constraints, rotational site differences, and limited exposure to marginalized populations all impacted learning and mastery of skills. The findings of this study underscore current gaps within the FM residency curriculum and highlight the need to address current curricular deficits.
Family physicians require leadership skills to strengthen team-based primary care services. Interviews with South African district managers confirmed the need to develop leadership skills in family physicians. The updated national programmatic learning outcomes for South African family physician training were published in 2021. They sparked the need for curriculum renewal at the University of Cape Town's Division of Family Medicine. A review of the leadership and governance module during registrar training showed that the sessions were perceived to be content heavy with insufficient opportunities for reflection. Following a series of stakeholder engagements, the module convenors co-designed a revised module that was blueprinted on the updated learning outcomes. The module incorporates a group coaching style, facilitating learning through reflection on one's experiences. The revised module was implemented in 2022. It aims to provide a transformative learning experience centred on students' perceptions of themselves as leaders, as well as professional identity formation and resilience building. This short report describes preliminary insights from the revised module's developmental phase and forms part of an ongoing iterative evaluation process.Contribution: Family physicians should lead across all their defined roles. Formal and informal learning opportunities are needed to facilitate their growth as leaders and help them to meet the health needs of communities served by an evolving health care system. This short report describes an example of a revised postgraduate module on leadership and governance, which may be of value to clinician educators and academic departments exploring innovative methods for the African region.
Family presence during resuscitation (FPDR) is now an accepted practice in many western countries as research proven its positive impact on patient, family and also health care providers. In Malaysia, it is not known whether nurses in critical care settings agrees on family members' presence during the resuscitation process. This study aims to determine the perspectives of nurses toward family presence during resuscitation in critical care settings at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. This study specifically looked at the risk and benefits perceived by nurses related to family presence during resuscitation, the self-confidence perceived by nurses related to family presence during resuscitation, and the correlation between nurses' perception of risk and benefits with self-confidence related to family presence during resuscitation. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire entitled the Family Presence Risk-Benefit Scale and Family Presence Self-Confidence Scale. Purposive sampling method was used to include 130 nurses working in eight Intensive Care Units at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's Correlation test were used to analyse the variables of FPDR. Findings revealed that nurses in the critical care setting perceived low risk-benefit and low self-confident with regards to family presence during resuscitation. Pearson correlation analysis showed no correlation between perceptions of risk-benefits and self-confidence among critical care nurses (r = -0.016). Relatively, nurses perceived that family presence during resuscitation would place high risk and low benefit to the family members. Thus there is a need for education, training, and guideline to enrich the concept of FPDR and its implementation.
Family strongly influences student health behavior. However, alcohol-preventive education programs that link parents and school for intermediate-elementary school students remain scarce. Although online educational programs constitute effective interventions to intentionally improve health behaviors, traditional methods are used to implement alcohol- prevention programs for students. In this study, we aimed to (1) develop an online school-child-family alcohol-prevention program based on the theory of planned behavior and (2) examine the preliminary effects of the program on intention to consume alcohol among intermediate-elementary school students. This single-group, pre- and posttest study enrolled 46 Grade 3 students from a public elementary school in a metropolitan South Korea city and ascertained the preliminary effects of a 5-week online alcohol-prevention program by using the alcohol drinking prevention behavior scale. Attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and intention of alcohol-preventive behaviors significantly improved (p < .05) whereas subjective norms did not. The online alcohol-prevention program based on the theory of planned behavior and school-child-family linkage beneficially influenced intention, attitude, and perceived behavioral control for alcohol-prevention behavior, and the effectiveness and convenience of this program underscores its potential application as an educational intervention to improve health behaviors of intermediate-elementary school students.
Farmers are vulnerable to adverse health effects from pesticide exposure due to their health literacy (HL). Therefore, this study aims to investigate HL among farmers in four main regions of Thailand, investigating socio-demographics, agricultural, and personal protective factors to their HL. This cross-sectional design study was conducted on 4,035 farmers from January to July 2023. The European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire-47 items were used to measure HL. Thai farmers had a mean HL score of 34.7 ± 8.7, and the farmers in the North region of Thailand had the highest frequency of limited HL (75.8%). Socio-demographic factors that were associated with HL included gender, region of living, marital status, education level, co-morbidity, and number of family members. Agricultural factors associated with HL included planting status, working hours on farm, spraying pesticides, harvesting crops, pesticide use of >1 type, access information from government officers, access information from posters/brochures, information from online multimedia, and access information from neighbors. Personal protective factors that were associated with HL included wearing a hat, goggles, a rubber apron, and a long-sleeved shirt. Our study recommends that strategies and interventions to enhance the HL of farmers should be focused on the target populations, which include men, widows, or divorced, those with low levels of education, those who have co-morbidities, and those who applied pesticides of more than 1 type and improper personal protective equipment (PPE) use. The primary emphasis needs to be on the North region of Thailand, making that the target area to improve health equity in Thailand. These efforts would enhance the HL of farmers and sustainably improve pesticide safety behavior. Additionally, there is an urgent need for supportive measures aimed at altering on-farm practices and promoting education on alternative pest management strategies, particularly non-chemical crop protection, to ensure sustainable agriculture.