Yoxas/statistical_literacy huggingface dataset:
This study was aimed at investigating the educational experiences of international nursing students in Turkey. Nursing education has now gained an international dimension, which creates an environment where students from different cultures come together. In Turkey, nursing education is expanding internationally due to the increasing number of international students. A descriptive- phenomenological qualitative study. The study data were collected from nursing students who came to Turkey from 17 different countries between April 2023 and July 2023 to study at a nursing faculty in Turkey using a semi-structured interview form. Of these students, 27 constituted the study sample. The data collected were analyzed using the content analysis. The COREQ checklist was used in reporting the study. Four themes emerged: a) challenges, b) gains, c) support needs and d) recommendations. Among challenges reported by the participating students were language barriers, cultural adjustment issues and lack of social support. As for the gains of being a foreign student, they stated that they experienced intercultural interaction and improved their language skills, independence and self-confidence. In the study, the need for language support, provision of psychological assistance and cultural adaptation support for these students and the importance of practical recommendations such as mentoring programs and orientation trainings to improve their educational experience were emphasized. In conclusion, in this study, the importance of targeted strategies in nursing education in areas such as language support, psychological assistance and cultural adaptation was emphasized, which helps international students to have a successful educational experience. It was also concluded that mentoring programs and orientation trainings could enrich the educational processes of students by facilitating their adaptation to their new environment. This study is notable in the literature in that students from 17 diverse countries share the same program and the same prerequisites.
This study was aimed to evaluate the impact of visual pedagogy in dental check-ups and preventive practices among children with autism aged 6-12. In this randomized double-blind clinical trial, the cooperation of 40 children with autism age 6-12. The selected children were equally divided into two groups of case and control (n = 20). The obtained data were analyzed by statistical tests, including Chi square and independent t test. The results of Cochran showed a significant increase in children's cooperation with regard to fluoride therapy in the case group by repeating the visit and training sessions (p ≤ 0.001). The findings of this study demonstrated, visual pedagogy was merely effective in the case of fluoride therapy in the case group.
This study was aimed to investigate delivery management of patients with antepartum stillbirth. Using data from fetal death certificates and linked maternal hospital discharge records, we identified a population-based sample of patients with singleton antepartum stillbirth at 20 to 42 weeks of gestation in California in 2007 to 2011. Primary outcomes were intended mode of delivery and actual mode of delivery. We used multivariable regressions to examine the association between patient demographic, clinical, and hospital characteristics and their mode of delivery. Separate analysis was performed for patients who had prior cesarean delivery versus those who did not. Of 7,813 patients with singleton antepartum stillbirth, 1,356 had prior cesarean, while 6,457 had no prior cesarean. Labor was attempted in 51.8% of patients with prior cesarean and 93.7% of patients without prior cesarean, with 76.2 and 95.8% of these patients, respectively, delivered vaginally. Overall, 18.9% of patients underwent a cesarean delivery (60.5% among those with prior cesarean and 10.2% among those without prior cesarean). Multivariable regression analysis identified several factors associated with the risk of cesarean delivery that were not medically indicated. For instance, among patients without prior cesarean, malpresentation (of which the vast majority was breech presentation) was associated with an increased likelihood of planned cesarean (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 3.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.53-4.22) and cesarean delivery after attempting labor (adjusted OR = 3.09, 95% CI: 2.25-4.25). For both patients with and without prior cesarean, delivery at an urban teaching hospital was associated with a lower likelihood of planned cesarean and a lower likelihood of cesarean delivery after attempting labor (adjusted ORs ranged from 0.28 to 0.56, p < 0.001 for all). Over one in six patients with antepartum stillbirth underwent cesarean delivery. Among patients who attempted labor, rate of vaginal delivery was generally high, suggesting a potential opportunity to increase vaginal delivery in this population. · In singleton antepartum stillbirths, 18.9% underwent cesarean delivery.. · Rate of vaginal delivery was high when labor was attempted.. · Both clinical and non-clinical factors were associated with risk of cesarean delivery..
This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between smartphone addiction, loneliness, and depression in adolescents. This study was designed in a correlational-cross-sectional-descriptive model and was conducted with 1041 adolescents attending high schools in a provincial center in Eastern Turkey. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a personal information form, Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version for Adolescents, UCLA Loneliness Scale, and Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale. The average scores for smartphone addiction were found to be higher among females, individuals with low academic success, and those with a high-income level. Similarly, the average scores for loneliness were higher among individuals residing in broken families and those with parents who have limited literacy. Additionally, the mean scores for depression were higher among individuals with low academic success and those with a high-income level. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was observed between the duration of smartphone use and levels of smartphone addiction, loneliness, and depression. Smartphone addiction, loneliness, and depression were found to be prevalent above the moderate level in adolescents. Additionally, a significant positive correlation was observed between the depression and loneliness scores of adolescents. Pediatric and school nurses should assess children's phone use. Nurses are well-positioned to establish a follow-up program aimed at monitoring adolescents' efforts in managing smartphone use, offering continuous support, and providing guidance when necessary. The implementation of such programs enables prompt intervention in addressing any arising issues.
This study was conducted to assess financial protection and equity in the healthcare financing system among slum dwellers with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Iran in 2022. Cross-sectional study. Primary care centres in Iran were selected from slums. Our study included 400 participants with T2D using a systematic random sampling method. Patients were included if they lived in slums for at least five consecutive years, were over 18 years old and did not have intellectual disabilities. A self-report questionnaire was used to assess cost-coping strategies vis-à-vis T2D expenditures and factors influencing them, as well as forgone care among slum dwellers. Of the 400 patients who participated, 53.8% were female. Among the participants, 27.8% were illiterate, but 30.3% could read and write. 75.8% had income below 40 million Rial. There was an association between age, education, income, basic insurance, supplemental insurance and cost-coping strategies (p<0.001). 88.2% of those with first university degree used health insurance and 34% of illiterate people used personal savings. 79.8% of people with income over 4 million Rial reported using insurance to cope with healthcare costs while 55% of those with income under 4 million Rial reported using personal savings and a combination of health insurance and personal savings to cope with healthcare costs. As a result of binary logistic regression, illiterate people (adjusted OR=16, 95% CI 3.65 to 70.17), individuals with low income (OR 5.024, 95% CI 2.42 to 10.41) and people without supplemental insurance (OR 1.885, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.37) are more likely to use other forms of cost-coping strategies than health insurance. As a result of insufficient use of insurance, cost-coping strategies used by slum dwellers vis-à-vis T2D expenditures do not protect them from financial risks. Expanding universal health coverage and providing supplemental insurance for those with T2D living in slums are recommended. Iran Health Insurance should adequately cover the costs of T2D care for slum dwellers so that they do not need to use alternative strategies.
This study was conducted to determine the effect of health literacy and health promotion on quality of life in the elderly. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 981 elderly individuals aged 65 years and older in Turkey. 'Introductory Information Form', 'Health Literacy Scale', 'Elderly Health Empowerment Scale' and 'Quality of Life Scale for the Elderly' were used to collect data. The research data were analyzed by Structural Equation Modelling using SPSS 22.0, AMOS V 24.0, G*Power 3.1 statistical package programs. Health literacy level increased health empowerment level (t = 5.929 R2 = 0.035, P < 0.05). Health literacy level increased quality of life level (t = 13.439 R2 = 0.156, P < 0.05). Health empowerment level was found to affect quality of life level (t = 17.746 R2 = 0.243, P < 0.05). Health empowerment was found to have a mediating role in the effect of health literacy on quality of life (β = 0.502, 95% confidence interval (lower bound-upper bound) = 0.013-1.038). It was determined that the model created in line with the hypotheses was compatible and the model fit indices x2 /SD = 4.919, root mean square error of approximation = 0.06, comparative fit index = 0.91, fit index = 0.95, adjusted fit index = 0.93, incremental fit index = 0.91 were within the desired limits. As the level of health literacy increases, so does the level of health empowerment and quality of life. As the level of health empowerment increases, so does the level of quality of life. It is recommended to design policies that will help to increase the health literacy and health empowerment levels of the elderly. Longitudinal studies on quality of life in the elderly are recommended.
This study was conducted to determine the effect of health literacy on diabetes self-efficacy and foot self-care in type II diabetics. This descriptive correlational study was conducted with 187 people. The research was conducted between 01 June 2021 and 31 December 2021 in a province located in the southeastern region of Turkey. Non-probability purposive sampling was used as the sampling method. An introductory information form, and the Turkish Health Literacy Scale-32 (THLS-32), Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale and Diabetes Foot Self-Care Behavior Scale (DFSBS) were used in the study. Data were evaluated with frequency, percentage, mean, and correlation analyses using SPSS 25 software. It was determined that the participants had a low education level and were of advanced age, and that the feet of most of the patients were not examined and there were no wounds on their feet. The health literacy level of 57.8% of the participants was found to be insufficient. The mean THLS-32 score was 22.50 ± 10.65, the Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale mean score was 72.83 ± 11.84, and the Diabetes Foot Self-Care Behavior Scale mean score was 22.60 ± 5.44. It was determined that there was a relationship between the THLS-32 and Diabetes Self-Efficacy score of those with type II diabetes, and that as health literacy increased, diabetes self-efficacy increased (p < 0.05). It was determined that the health literacy level was insufficient, whereas diabetes self-efficacy and foot self-care were at a good level. It was found that as health literacy increased, self-efficacy increased. Information on health literacy is effective in coping with the disease. For this reason, information on health literacy should be given from an early age.
This study was conducted to determine the knowledge, practice, and barriers regarding the use of tranexamic acid (TXA) for the prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) among health care providers in Enugu, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted among health professionals (doctors, pharmacists, and nurses) in two Nigerian tertiary teaching hospitals (one federal and one state). A total of 220 questionnaires were distributed and 207 were returned (response rate: 94%) and analyzed using SPSS for inferential statistics with a level of significance of P < 0.05. Only 23.7% of the respondents had good knowledge of TXA use in PPH (P < 0.001), and awareness of the recent World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation on the use of TXA for PPH was low (19.8%, P < 0.001). The majority of the respondents had neither prescribed nor dispensed TXA (30%, P < 0.001). Very few respondents used TXA for all cases of PPH (16.4%, P < 0.001). Barriers against its use include nonawareness of the latest WHO recommendation, preference for other uterotonics, and cost of the drug. There was poor knowledge of TXA, poor awareness of its recommendation, and low use for PPH among different cadres of health care providers.
This study was conducted to determine the relationship between non-compliance with dietary and fluid restriction, body mass index, and the severity of fatigue in dialysis patients. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted on 42 dialysis patients. The data were collected employing a "General Information Form", Body Mass Index, "Fatigue Severity Scale", and "Dialysis Diet and Fluid Non-Adherence Questionnaire.". Data were evaluated using percentages, averages, one-way ANOVA, T-tests, and Pearson correlation tests. The average number of days when the patients did not comply with their diet was 3.69 ± 4.85, and the average number of days when they did not comply with fluid restriction was 2.71 ± 5.02. The age and marital status of the patients were found to affect the fatigue severity. It was found that the cases were associated with creatinine and calcium values and the number of days they did not comply with fluid restriction. It was determined that there was no significant relationship between non-compliance with diet and fluid restriction and the severity of fatigue. It was found that the severity of fatigue was lower in patients who complied with diet and fluid restriction, although not significantly lower than in those who did not comply.
This study was conducted to evaluate the exercise attitudes of women of reproductive age during pregnancy. The descriptive study was conducted with 326 women who applied to the gynecology outpatient clinics of a state hospital between September and November 2023. Data were collected with the "Personal Information Form" and "Exercise Attitudes in Pregnant Women Scale". Statistical analyses were analyzed at p < .05 significance level with the independent samples t test method. Most of the participants (85.6%) stated that they did not know the benefits of exercise during pregnancy and did not exercise during pregnancy (89.6%). The mean exercise attitude scale score of the participants was 135.42 ± 25.90. A significant difference was found between the participants' education level, exercising outside pregnancy, attending a pregnancy school, knowing the benefits of exercise during pregnancy and exercising during pregnancy and all sub-dimension scores (p < .05). In the study, it was observed that the participants had positive attitudes towards exercise during pregnancy, although their knowledge and behaviors were insufficient. Women's attitudes towards exercise should be determined by health professionals and women's positive attitudes, knowledge and behaviors should be improved by organizing trainings and exercise programs starting from pre-pregnancy.
This study was conducted to examine the differences in food literacy between adults and older adults and the association of food literacy with food group intake. In total, 4,039 participants from the 2021 Survey for Food Consumption in Seoul were included in this study. The intake of whole grains, high-protein foods, total vegetables, vegetables excluding kimchi and pickles, fresh fruits, and milk and dairy products was assessed using a simple food frequency questionnaire. Food literacy was measured using a food literacy measurement questionnaire. With the exception of milk and dairy, adults had a significantly higher proportion of insufficient food intake than older adults (p<0.001). Both adults and older adults with sufficient food group consumption had higher food literacy scores. Notably, the difference in food literacy scores by level of food intake was highest for fresh fruits (p<0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors affecting food literacy scores, a higher score was associated with a lower probability of having insufficient food intake in all food groups for both adults and older adults. Specifically, those in the highest food literacy score quartile were less likely to have insufficient intake of vegetables (odds ratio [OR], 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28 to 0.43) and fresh fruits (OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.43), compared to the lowest quartile. Improving food literacy is an important factor for promoting healthy food intake in older adults as well as adults. Therefore, it is necessary to develop intervention programs to work toward this goal.
This study was conducted to quantify the association of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the academic performance of children and adolescents. The literature was systematically searched in six electronic databases, and a meta-analysis was conducted. Twenty studies with a total of 1,196,631 children and adolescents from five countries were included. Meta-analysis showed that ACE score was positively associated with poor academic achievement, grade repetition, and special education support. Compared with children and adolescents without any ACE, those with one or more ACE had a significantly higher risk of poor academic achievement (pooled odds ratio [OR]: 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.13, 1.85], I2 = 82.6%) and grade repetition (pooled OR: 1.36, 95% CI [1.29, 1.43], I2 = 71.0%). Moreover, all types of ACEs were positively associated with poor academic achievement and grade repetition. In addition, there was a significant dose-response relationship between the ACE score and the risk of poor academic achievement. This study supported that ACE had a significant impact on the academic performance of children and adolescents. Based on these findings, we recommend that early screening of ACEs for children and adolescent is critical and appropriate support and prevention in education should be developed for those with ACEs. Further studies are needed to further explore the long-term effect of ACEs on education and its gender differences.
This study was designed to measure health promotion behaviors, health literacy (HL) levels, and their predisposing factors among adolescents. A cross-sectional design was used. The study was completed by 1046 students aged 11-14 years. Data were collected via the HL for School-Aged Children Scale and the Adolescent Health Promotion Scale. HL was significantly associated with gender, participation in sport activities, and health promotion behaviors. There was no confounding factor for HL. Adolescent health promotion behaviors were significantly associated with academic level, weight perception, participation in sport activities, and HL. Nurses could improve communication and decision-making skills related to health behaviors and learn how to obtain health-related knowledge to promote the health of adolescents.
This study was performed to derive and validate a prognostic prediction model for individualized estimation of mortality risk among the frail oldest old (aged 80 years or older). This analysis was based on the prospective open cohort study from the Chinese Longevity and Health Longitudinal Survey. A total of 14 118 frail oldest old were included from the 2002 wave to 2014 waves; the study outcome was all-cause mortality. Available predictors included frailty, demographics, and social factors. Cox models were used to estimate the coefficients of the predictors and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator was used for selecting predictors. Model performance was measured by discrimination and calibration with internal validation by bootstrapping. We also developed a nomogram to visualize and predict the 3-year mortality risk based on the obtained prognostic prediction model. During the 16-years follow-up, 10 410 (76.42%) deaths were identified. The final model comprises the following factors: frailty, age, sex, race, birthplace, education, occupation, marital status, residence, economic condition, number of children, and the question "who do you ask for help first when in trouble." The model has valid predictive ability as measured and validated by Harrell's C statistic (0.602) and calibration plots. This study provides a basic prognostic prediction model to quantify absolute mortality risk for the frail oldest old. Future studies are needed, firstly, to update, adjust, and perform external validation of the present model by using phenotypic frailty, and secondly, to add biomarkers, environmental, and psychological factors to the prediction model.
This study was undertaken to characterize quantitative electroencephalographic (EEG) features in participants from the Natural history study of RTT and Related Disorders and to assess the potential for these features to act as objective measures of cortical function for Rett syndrome (RTT). EEG amplitude and power features were derived from the resting EEG of 60 females with RTT (median age = 10.7 years) and 26 neurotypical females (median age = 10.6 years). Analyses focus on group differences and within the RTT group, associations between the EEG parameters and clinical severity. For a subset of participants (n = 20), follow-up data were available for assessing the reproducibility of the results and the stability in the parameters over 1 year. Compared to neurotypical participants, participants with RTT had greater amplitude variability and greater low-frequency activity as reflected by greater delta power, more negative 1/f slope, and lower theta/delta, alpha/delta, beta/delta, alpha/theta, and beta/theta ratios. Greater delta power, more negative 1/f slope, and lower power ratios were associated with greater severity. Analyses of year 1 data replicated the associations between 1/f slope and power ratios and clinical severity and demonstrated good within-subject consistency in these measures. Overall, group comparisons reflected a greater predominance of lower versus higher frequency activity in participants with RTT, which is consistent with prior clinical interpretations of resting EEG in this population. The observed associations between the EEG power measures and clinical assessments and the repeatability of these measures underscore the potential for EEG to provide an objective measure of cortical function and clinical severity for RTT. ANN NEUROL 2024.