; LLVM IR from Leet-Us-Code/DSA-A-Z-Practice :: Sid's Levels/Level - 1/Recursion (StringToInteger)

; Unoptimized IR (clang -disable-llvm-passes):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

%"class.std::__cxx11::basic_string" = type { %"struct.std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>::_Alloc_hider", i64, %union.anon }
%"struct.std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>::_Alloc_hider" = type { ptr }
%union.anon = type { i64, [8 x i8] }

declare i32 @__gxx_personality_v0(...)

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
declare void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEC2ERKS4_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32), ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32)) unnamed_addr #0 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32)) unnamed_addr #1 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local noundef i32 @_Z6isCharc(i8 noundef signext) #1

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
define dso_local noundef i32 @_Z4convNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEEii(ptr noundef %0, i32 noundef %1, i32 noundef %2) #0 personality ptr @__gxx_personality_v0 {
  %4 = alloca i32, align 4
  %5 = alloca ptr, align 8
  %6 = alloca i32, align 4
  %7 = alloca i32, align 4
  %8 = alloca %"class.std::__cxx11::basic_string", align 8
  %9 = alloca ptr, align 8
  %10 = alloca i32, align 4
  store ptr %0, ptr %5, align 8, !tbaa !5
  store i32 %1, ptr %6, align 4, !tbaa !9
  store i32 %2, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %11 = load i32, ptr %6, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %12 = sext i32 %11 to i64
  %13 = call noundef i64 @_ZNKSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE6lengthEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0) #4
  %14 = icmp eq i64 %12, %13
  br i1 %14, label %15, label %17

15:                                               ; preds = %3
  %16 = load i32, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  store i32 %16, ptr %4, align 4
  br label %52

17:                                               ; preds = %3
  %18 = load i32, ptr %6, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %19 = sext i32 %18 to i64
  %20 = call noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEixEm(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0, i64 noundef %19)
  %21 = load i8, ptr %20, align 1, !tbaa !11
  %22 = call noundef i32 @_Z6isCharc(i8 noundef signext %21)
  %23 = icmp ne i32 %22, 0
  br i1 %23, label %24, label %25

24:                                               ; preds = %17
  store i32 -1, ptr %4, align 4
  br label %52

25:                                               ; preds = %17
  %26 = load i32, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %27 = sitofp i32 %26 to double
  %28 = load i32, ptr %6, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %29 = sext i32 %28 to i64
  %30 = call noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEixEm(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0, i64 noundef %29)
  %31 = load i8, ptr %30, align 1, !tbaa !11
  %32 = sext i8 %31 to i32
  %33 = sub nsw i32 %32, 48
  %34 = sitofp i32 %33 to double
  %35 = call noundef i64 @_ZNKSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE6lengthEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0) #4
  %36 = sub i64 %35, 1
  %37 = load i32, ptr %6, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %38 = sext i32 %37 to i64
  %39 = sub i64 %36, %38
  %40 = call noundef double @_ZSt3powIimEN9__gnu_cxx9__promoteIDTplcvNS1_IT_Xsr3std12__is_integerIS2_EE7__valueEE6__typeELi0EcvNS1_IT0_Xsr3std12__is_integerIS5_EE7__valueEE6__typeELi0EEXsr3std12__is_integerIS8_EE7__valueEE6__typeES2_S5_(i32 noundef 10, i64 noundef %39)
  %41 = call double @llvm.fmuladd.f64(double %34, double %40, double %27)
  %42 = fptosi double %41 to i32
  store i32 %42, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  call void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEC2ERKS4_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %8, ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0)
  %43 = load i32, ptr %6, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %44 = add nsw i32 %43, 1
  %45 = load i32, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %46 = invoke noundef i32 @_Z4convNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEEii(ptr noundef %8, i32 noundef %44, i32 noundef %45)
          to label %47 unwind label %48

47:                                               ; preds = %25
  store i32 %46, ptr %4, align 4
  call void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %8) #4
  br label %52

48:                                               ; preds = %25
  %49 = landingpad { ptr, i32 }
          cleanup
  %50 = extractvalue { ptr, i32 } %49, 0
  store ptr %50, ptr %9, align 8
  %51 = extractvalue { ptr, i32 } %49, 1
  store i32 %51, ptr %10, align 4
  call void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %8) #4
  br label %54

52:                                               ; preds = %47, %24, %15
  %53 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4
  ret i32 %53

54:                                               ; preds = %48
  %55 = load ptr, ptr %9, align 8
  %56 = load i32, ptr %10, align 4
  %57 = insertvalue { ptr, i32 } poison, ptr %55, 0
  %58 = insertvalue { ptr, i32 } %57, i32 %56, 1
  resume { ptr, i32 } %58
}

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare noundef i64 @_ZNKSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE6lengthEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32)) #1 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEixEm(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32), i64 noundef) #1 align 2

; Function Attrs: inlinehint mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local noundef double @_ZSt3powIimEN9__gnu_cxx9__promoteIDTplcvNS1_IT_Xsr3std12__is_integerIS2_EE7__valueEE6__typeELi0EcvNS1_IT0_Xsr3std12__is_integerIS5_EE7__valueEE6__typeELi0EEXsr3std12__is_integerIS8_EE7__valueEE6__typeES2_S5_(i32 noundef, i64 noundef) #2

; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
declare double @llvm.fmuladd.f64(double, double, double) #3

attributes #0 = { mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #1 = { mustprogress nounwind uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #2 = { inlinehint mustprogress nounwind uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #3 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none) }
attributes #4 = { nounwind }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = !{!6, !6, i64 0}
!6 = !{!"any pointer", !7, i64 0}
!7 = !{!"omnipotent char", !8, i64 0}
!8 = !{!"Simple C++ TBAA"}
!9 = !{!10, !10, i64 0}
!10 = !{!"int", !7, i64 0}
!11 = !{!7, !7, i64 0}


; Optimized IR (opt -passes='default<O3>'):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

%"class.std::__cxx11::basic_string" = type { %"struct.std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>::_Alloc_hider", i64, %union.anon }
%"struct.std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>::_Alloc_hider" = type { ptr }
%union.anon = type { i64, [8 x i8] }

declare i32 @__gxx_personality_v0(...)

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
declare void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEC2ERKS4_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32), ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32)) unnamed_addr #0 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32)) unnamed_addr #1 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local noundef i32 @_Z6isCharc(i8 noundef signext) local_unnamed_addr #1

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
define dso_local noundef i32 @_Z4convNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEEii(ptr noundef nonnull %0, i32 noundef %1, i32 noundef %2) local_unnamed_addr #0 personality ptr @__gxx_personality_v0 {
  %4 = alloca %"class.std::__cxx11::basic_string", align 8
  %5 = sext i32 %1 to i64
  %6 = tail call noundef i64 @_ZNKSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE6lengthEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0) #4
  %7 = icmp eq i64 %6, %5
  br i1 %7, label %30, label %8

8:                                                ; preds = %3
  %9 = tail call noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEixEm(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0, i64 noundef %5)
  %10 = load i8, ptr %9, align 1, !tbaa !5
  %11 = tail call noundef i32 @_Z6isCharc(i8 noundef signext %10)
  %.not = icmp eq i32 %11, 0
  br i1 %.not, label %12, label %30

12:                                               ; preds = %8
  %13 = sitofp i32 %2 to double
  %14 = tail call noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEixEm(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0, i64 noundef %5)
  %15 = load i8, ptr %14, align 1, !tbaa !5
  %16 = sext i8 %15 to i32
  %17 = add nsw i32 %16, -48
  %18 = sitofp i32 %17 to double
  %19 = tail call noundef i64 @_ZNKSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE6lengthEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0) #4
  %20 = xor i64 %5, -1
  %21 = add i64 %19, %20
  %22 = tail call noundef double @_ZSt3powIimEN9__gnu_cxx9__promoteIDTplcvNS1_IT_Xsr3std12__is_integerIS2_EE7__valueEE6__typeELi0EcvNS1_IT0_Xsr3std12__is_integerIS5_EE7__valueEE6__typeELi0EEXsr3std12__is_integerIS8_EE7__valueEE6__typeES2_S5_(i32 noundef 10, i64 noundef %21)
  %23 = tail call double @llvm.fmuladd.f64(double %18, double %22, double %13)
  %24 = fptosi double %23 to i32
  call void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEC2ERKS4_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %4, ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0)
  %25 = add nsw i32 %1, 1
  %26 = invoke noundef i32 @_Z4convNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEEii(ptr noundef nonnull %4, i32 noundef %25, i32 noundef %24)
          to label %27 unwind label %28

27:                                               ; preds = %12
  call void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %4) #4
  br label %30

28:                                               ; preds = %12
  %29 = landingpad { ptr, i32 }
          cleanup
  call void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %4) #4
  resume { ptr, i32 } %29

30:                                               ; preds = %8, %3, %27
  %.0 = phi i32 [ %26, %27 ], [ %2, %3 ], [ -1, %8 ]
  ret i32 %.0
}

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare noundef i64 @_ZNKSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE6lengthEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32)) local_unnamed_addr #1 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEixEm(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32), i64 noundef) local_unnamed_addr #1 align 2

; Function Attrs: inlinehint mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local noundef double @_ZSt3powIimEN9__gnu_cxx9__promoteIDTplcvNS1_IT_Xsr3std12__is_integerIS2_EE7__valueEE6__typeELi0EcvNS1_IT0_Xsr3std12__is_integerIS5_EE7__valueEE6__typeELi0EEXsr3std12__is_integerIS8_EE7__valueEE6__typeES2_S5_(i32 noundef, i64 noundef) local_unnamed_addr #2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
declare double @llvm.fmuladd.f64(double, double, double) #3

attributes #0 = { mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #1 = { mustprogress nounwind uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #2 = { inlinehint mustprogress nounwind uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #3 = { mustprogress nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none) }
attributes #4 = { nounwind }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = !{!6, !6, i64 0}
!6 = !{!"omnipotent char", !7, i64 0}
!7 = !{!"Simple C++ TBAA"}


; Effective O3 passes: EarlyCSEPass,GlobalOptPass,InferFunctionAttrsPass,InstCombinePass,PostOrderFunctionAttrsPass,SROAPass,SimplifyCFGPass,TailCallElimPass