; LLVM IR from next-step-for-interview-prep/Coding-Ninjas-DSA-course_code_and_notes_cpp :: 1/0000000000000350/TreeUse.ll (Z13printAtLevelKP8TreeNodeIiEi)

; Unoptimized IR (clang -disable-llvm-passes):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

%"class.std::basic_ostream" = type { ptr, %"class.std::basic_ios" }
%"class.std::basic_ios" = type { %"class.std::ios_base", ptr, i8, i8, ptr, ptr, ptr, ptr }
%"class.std::ios_base" = type { ptr, i64, i64, i32, i32, i32, ptr, %"struct.std::ios_base::_Words", [8 x %"struct.std::ios_base::_Words"], i32, ptr, %"class.std::locale" }
%"struct.std::ios_base::_Words" = type { ptr, i64 }
%"class.std::locale" = type { ptr }
%class.TreeNode = type { i32, %"class.std::vector" }
%"class.std::vector" = type { %"struct.std::_Vector_base" }
%"struct.std::_Vector_base" = type { %"struct.std::_Vector_base<TreeNode<int> *, std::allocator<TreeNode<int> *>>::_Vector_impl" }
%"struct.std::_Vector_base<TreeNode<int> *, std::allocator<TreeNode<int> *>>::_Vector_impl" = type { %"struct.std::_Vector_base<TreeNode<int> *, std::allocator<TreeNode<int> *>>::_Vector_impl_data" }
%"struct.std::_Vector_base<TreeNode<int> *, std::allocator<TreeNode<int> *>>::_Vector_impl_data" = type { ptr, ptr, ptr }

@_ZSt4cout = external global %"class.std::basic_ostream", align 8

; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #0

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), ptr noundef) #1 align 2

; Function Attrs: inlinehint mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8)) #2

declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), i32 noundef) #3

; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #0

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local noundef i64 @_ZNKSt6vectorIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EE4sizeEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(24)) #4 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSt6vectorIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EEixEm(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(24), i64 noundef) #4 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
define dso_local void @_Z13printAtLevelKP8TreeNodeIiEi(ptr noundef %0, i32 noundef %1) #1 {
  %3 = alloca ptr, align 8
  %4 = alloca i32, align 4
  %5 = alloca i32, align 4
  store ptr %0, ptr %3, align 8, !tbaa !5
  store i32 %1, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %6 = load ptr, ptr %3, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %7 = icmp eq ptr %6, null
  br i1 %7, label %8, label %9

8:                                                ; preds = %2
  br label %39

9:                                                ; preds = %2
  %10 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %11 = icmp eq i32 %10, 0
  br i1 %11, label %12, label %18

12:                                               ; preds = %9
  %13 = load ptr, ptr %3, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %14 = getelementptr inbounds %class.TreeNode, ptr %13, i32 0, i32 0
  %15 = load i32, ptr %14, align 8, !tbaa !11
  %16 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) @_ZSt4cout, i32 noundef %15)
  %17 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) %16, ptr noundef @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_)
  br label %39

18:                                               ; preds = %9
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr %5) #5
  store i32 0, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  br label %19

19:                                               ; preds = %36, %18
  %20 = load i32, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %21 = sext i32 %20 to i64
  %22 = load ptr, ptr %3, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %23 = getelementptr inbounds %class.TreeNode, ptr %22, i32 0, i32 1
  %24 = call noundef i64 @_ZNKSt6vectorIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EE4sizeEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(24) %23) #5
  %25 = icmp ult i64 %21, %24
  br i1 %25, label %27, label %26

26:                                               ; preds = %19
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr %5) #5
  br label %39

27:                                               ; preds = %19
  %28 = load ptr, ptr %3, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %29 = getelementptr inbounds %class.TreeNode, ptr %28, i32 0, i32 1
  %30 = load i32, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %31 = sext i32 %30 to i64
  %32 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSt6vectorIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EEixEm(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(24) %29, i64 noundef %31) #5
  %33 = load ptr, ptr %32, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %34 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %35 = sub nsw i32 %34, 1
  call void @_Z13printAtLevelKP8TreeNodeIiEi(ptr noundef %33, i32 noundef %35)
  br label %36

36:                                               ; preds = %27
  %37 = load i32, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %38 = add nsw i32 %37, 1
  store i32 %38, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  br label %19, !llvm.loop !17

39:                                               ; preds = %26, %12, %8
  ret void
}

attributes #0 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
attributes #1 = { mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #2 = { inlinehint mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #3 = { "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #4 = { mustprogress nounwind uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #5 = { nounwind }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = !{!6, !6, i64 0}
!6 = !{!"any pointer", !7, i64 0}
!7 = !{!"omnipotent char", !8, i64 0}
!8 = !{!"Simple C++ TBAA"}
!9 = !{!10, !10, i64 0}
!10 = !{!"int", !7, i64 0}
!11 = !{!12, !10, i64 0}
!12 = !{!"_ZTS8TreeNodeIiE", !10, i64 0, !13, i64 8}
!13 = !{!"_ZTSSt6vectorIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EE", !14, i64 0}
!14 = !{!"_ZTSSt12_Vector_baseIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EE", !15, i64 0}
!15 = !{!"_ZTSNSt12_Vector_baseIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EE12_Vector_implE", !16, i64 0}
!16 = !{!"_ZTSNSt12_Vector_baseIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EE17_Vector_impl_dataE", !6, i64 0, !6, i64 8, !6, i64 16}
!17 = distinct !{!17, !18}
!18 = !{!"llvm.loop.mustprogress"}


; Optimized IR (opt -passes='default<O3>'):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

%"class.std::basic_ostream" = type { ptr, %"class.std::basic_ios" }
%"class.std::basic_ios" = type { %"class.std::ios_base", ptr, i8, i8, ptr, ptr, ptr, ptr }
%"class.std::ios_base" = type { ptr, i64, i64, i32, i32, i32, ptr, %"struct.std::ios_base::_Words", [8 x %"struct.std::ios_base::_Words"], i32, ptr, %"class.std::locale" }
%"struct.std::ios_base::_Words" = type { ptr, i64 }
%"class.std::locale" = type { ptr }

@_ZSt4cout = external global %"class.std::basic_ostream", align 8

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), ptr noundef) local_unnamed_addr #0 align 2

; Function Attrs: inlinehint mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8)) #1

declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), i32 noundef) local_unnamed_addr #2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local noundef i64 @_ZNKSt6vectorIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EE4sizeEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(24)) local_unnamed_addr #3 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSt6vectorIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EEixEm(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(24), i64 noundef) local_unnamed_addr #3 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
define dso_local void @_Z13printAtLevelKP8TreeNodeIiEi(ptr noundef %0, i32 noundef %1) local_unnamed_addr #0 {
  %3 = icmp eq ptr %0, null
  br i1 %3, label %.loopexit, label %4

4:                                                ; preds = %2
  %5 = icmp eq i32 %1, 0
  br i1 %5, label %9, label %.preheader

.preheader:                                       ; preds = %4
  %6 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i64 8
  %7 = tail call noundef i64 @_ZNKSt6vectorIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EE4sizeEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(24) %6) #4
  %.not = icmp eq i64 %7, 0
  br i1 %.not, label %.loopexit, label %.lr.ph

.lr.ph:                                           ; preds = %.preheader
  %8 = add nsw i32 %1, -1
  br label %13

9:                                                ; preds = %4
  %10 = load i32, ptr %0, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %11 = tail call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) @_ZSt4cout, i32 noundef %10)
  %12 = tail call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) %11, ptr noundef nonnull @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_)
  br label %.loopexit

13:                                               ; preds = %.lr.ph, %13
  %indvars.iv = phi i64 [ 0, %.lr.ph ], [ %indvars.iv.next, %13 ]
  %14 = tail call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSt6vectorIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EEixEm(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(24) %6, i64 noundef %indvars.iv) #4
  %15 = load ptr, ptr %14, align 8, !tbaa !15
  tail call void @_Z13printAtLevelKP8TreeNodeIiEi(ptr noundef %15, i32 noundef %8)
  %indvars.iv.next = add nuw nsw i64 %indvars.iv, 1
  %16 = tail call noundef i64 @_ZNKSt6vectorIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EE4sizeEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(24) %6) #4
  %17 = icmp ugt i64 %16, %indvars.iv.next
  br i1 %17, label %13, label %.loopexit, !llvm.loop !16

.loopexit:                                        ; preds = %13, %.preheader, %2, %9
  ret void
}

attributes #0 = { mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #1 = { inlinehint mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #2 = { "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #3 = { mustprogress nounwind uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #4 = { nounwind }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = !{!6, !7, i64 0}
!6 = !{!"_ZTS8TreeNodeIiE", !7, i64 0, !10, i64 8}
!7 = !{!"int", !8, i64 0}
!8 = !{!"omnipotent char", !9, i64 0}
!9 = !{!"Simple C++ TBAA"}
!10 = !{!"_ZTSSt6vectorIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EE", !11, i64 0}
!11 = !{!"_ZTSSt12_Vector_baseIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EE", !12, i64 0}
!12 = !{!"_ZTSNSt12_Vector_baseIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EE12_Vector_implE", !13, i64 0}
!13 = !{!"_ZTSNSt12_Vector_baseIP8TreeNodeIiESaIS2_EE17_Vector_impl_dataE", !14, i64 0, !14, i64 8, !14, i64 16}
!14 = !{!"any pointer", !8, i64 0}
!15 = !{!14, !14, i64 0}
!16 = distinct !{!16, !17}
!17 = !{!"llvm.loop.mustprogress"}


; Effective O3 passes: EarlyCSEPass,GlobalOptPass,IPSCCPPass,IndVarSimplifyPass,InferFunctionAttrsPass,InstCombinePass,JumpThreadingPass,LICMPass,LoopRotatePass,LoopSimplifyPass,LoopUnrollPass,SROAPass,SimplifyCFGPass,TailCallElimPass