; LLVM IR from lolosssss/leetcode :: c (22_generate_parentheses)

; Unoptimized IR (clang -disable-llvm-passes):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

@.str = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [11 x i8], align 1
@.str.1 = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [4 x i8], align 1

; Function Attrs: nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local ptr @generateParentheses(i32 noundef, ptr noundef) #0

; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #1

; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #1

; Function Attrs: nounwind uwtable
define dso_local i32 @main() #0 {
  %1 = alloca i32, align 4
  %2 = alloca ptr, align 8
  %3 = alloca i32, align 4
  %4 = alloca i32, align 4
  %5 = alloca i32, align 4
  store i32 0, ptr %1, align 4
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 8, ptr %2) #4
  store ptr null, ptr %2, align 8, !tbaa !5
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr %3) #4
  store i32 0, ptr %3, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %6 = call ptr @generateParentheses(i32 noundef 5, ptr noundef %3)
  store ptr %6, ptr %2, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %7 = load i32, ptr %3, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %8 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr noundef @.str, i32 noundef %7)
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr %4) #4
  store i32 0, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  br label %9

9:                                                ; preds = %21, %0
  %10 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %11 = load i32, ptr %3, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %12 = icmp slt i32 %10, %11
  br i1 %12, label %14, label %13

13:                                               ; preds = %9
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr %4) #4
  br label %24

14:                                               ; preds = %9
  %15 = load ptr, ptr %2, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %16 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %17 = sext i32 %16 to i64
  %18 = getelementptr inbounds ptr, ptr %15, i64 %17
  %19 = load ptr, ptr %18, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %20 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr noundef @.str.1, ptr noundef %19)
  br label %21

21:                                               ; preds = %14
  %22 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %23 = add nsw i32 %22, 1
  store i32 %23, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  br label %9, !llvm.loop !11

24:                                               ; preds = %13
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr %5) #4
  store i32 0, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  br label %25

25:                                               ; preds = %36, %24
  %26 = load i32, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %27 = load i32, ptr %3, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %28 = icmp slt i32 %26, %27
  br i1 %28, label %30, label %29

29:                                               ; preds = %25
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr %5) #4
  br label %39

30:                                               ; preds = %25
  %31 = load ptr, ptr %2, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %32 = load i32, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %33 = sext i32 %32 to i64
  %34 = getelementptr inbounds ptr, ptr %31, i64 %33
  %35 = load ptr, ptr %34, align 8, !tbaa !5
  call void @free(ptr noundef %35) #4
  br label %36

36:                                               ; preds = %30
  %37 = load i32, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %38 = add nsw i32 %37, 1
  store i32 %38, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  br label %25, !llvm.loop !13

39:                                               ; preds = %29
  %40 = load ptr, ptr %2, align 8, !tbaa !5
  call void @free(ptr noundef %40) #4
  store ptr null, ptr %2, align 8, !tbaa !5
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr %3) #4
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 8, ptr %2) #4
  ret i32 0
}

declare i32 @printf(ptr noundef, ...) #2

; Function Attrs: nounwind
declare void @free(ptr noundef) #3

attributes #0 = { nounwind uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #1 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
attributes #2 = { "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #3 = { nounwind "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #4 = { nounwind }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = !{!6, !6, i64 0}
!6 = !{!"any pointer", !7, i64 0}
!7 = !{!"omnipotent char", !8, i64 0}
!8 = !{!"Simple C/C++ TBAA"}
!9 = !{!10, !10, i64 0}
!10 = !{!"int", !7, i64 0}
!11 = distinct !{!11, !12}
!12 = !{!"llvm.loop.mustprogress"}
!13 = distinct !{!13, !12}


; Optimized IR (opt -passes='default<O3>'):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

@.str = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [11 x i8], align 1
@.str.1 = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [4 x i8], align 1

; Function Attrs: nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local ptr @generateParentheses(i32 noundef, ptr noundef) local_unnamed_addr #0

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #1

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #1

; Function Attrs: nounwind uwtable
define dso_local noundef i32 @main() local_unnamed_addr #0 {
  %1 = alloca i32, align 4
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr nonnull %1) #4
  store i32 0, ptr %1, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %2 = call ptr @generateParentheses(i32 noundef 5, ptr noundef nonnull %1)
  %3 = load i32, ptr %1, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %4 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr noundef nonnull dereferenceable(1) @.str, i32 noundef %3)
  %5 = load i32, ptr %1, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %6 = icmp sgt i32 %5, 0
  br i1 %6, label %.lr.ph, label %._crit_edge

.preheader:                                       ; preds = %.lr.ph
  %7 = icmp sgt i32 %11, 0
  br i1 %7, label %.lr.ph11, label %._crit_edge

.lr.ph:                                           ; preds = %0, %.lr.ph
  %indvars.iv = phi i64 [ %indvars.iv.next, %.lr.ph ], [ 0, %0 ]
  %8 = getelementptr inbounds ptr, ptr %2, i64 %indvars.iv
  %9 = load ptr, ptr %8, align 8, !tbaa !9
  %10 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr noundef nonnull dereferenceable(1) @.str.1, ptr noundef %9)
  %indvars.iv.next = add nuw nsw i64 %indvars.iv, 1
  %11 = load i32, ptr %1, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %12 = sext i32 %11 to i64
  %13 = icmp slt i64 %indvars.iv.next, %12
  br i1 %13, label %.lr.ph, label %.preheader, !llvm.loop !11

._crit_edge:                                      ; preds = %.lr.ph11, %0, %.preheader
  call void @free(ptr noundef %2) #4
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr nonnull %1) #4
  ret i32 0

.lr.ph11:                                         ; preds = %.preheader, %.lr.ph11
  %indvars.iv13 = phi i64 [ %indvars.iv.next14, %.lr.ph11 ], [ 0, %.preheader ]
  %14 = getelementptr inbounds ptr, ptr %2, i64 %indvars.iv13
  %15 = load ptr, ptr %14, align 8, !tbaa !9
  call void @free(ptr noundef %15) #4
  %indvars.iv.next14 = add nuw nsw i64 %indvars.iv13, 1
  %16 = load i32, ptr %1, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %17 = sext i32 %16 to i64
  %18 = icmp slt i64 %indvars.iv.next14, %17
  br i1 %18, label %.lr.ph11, label %._crit_edge, !llvm.loop !13
}

; Function Attrs: nofree nounwind
declare noundef i32 @printf(ptr nocapture noundef readonly, ...) local_unnamed_addr #2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind willreturn allockind("free") memory(argmem: readwrite, inaccessiblemem: readwrite)
declare void @free(ptr allocptr nocapture noundef) local_unnamed_addr #3

attributes #0 = { nounwind uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #1 = { mustprogress nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
attributes #2 = { nofree nounwind "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #3 = { mustprogress nounwind willreturn allockind("free") memory(argmem: readwrite, inaccessiblemem: readwrite) "alloc-family"="malloc" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #4 = { nounwind }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = !{!6, !6, i64 0}
!6 = !{!"int", !7, i64 0}
!7 = !{!"omnipotent char", !8, i64 0}
!8 = !{!"Simple C/C++ TBAA"}
!9 = !{!10, !10, i64 0}
!10 = !{!"any pointer", !7, i64 0}
!11 = distinct !{!11, !12}
!12 = !{!"llvm.loop.mustprogress"}
!13 = distinct !{!13, !12}


; Effective O3 passes: GVNPass,GlobalOptPass,IndVarSimplifyPass,InferFunctionAttrsPass,InstCombinePass,InstSimplifyPass,JumpThreadingPass,LCSSAPass,LoopRotatePass,LoopSimplifyPass,LoopUnrollPass,PostOrderFunctionAttrsPass,SROAPass,SimplifyCFGPass