; LLVM IR from Py-Contributors/AlgorithmsAndDataStructure :: C++/Algorithms/BitMasking/decimal_to_binary_bit_manipulation.ll (Z4dtobB5cxx11i)

; Unoptimized IR (clang -disable-llvm-passes):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

%"class.std::__cxx11::basic_string" = type { %"struct.std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>::_Alloc_hider", i64, %union.anon }
%"struct.std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>::_Alloc_hider" = type { ptr }
%union.anon = type { i64, [8 x i8] }
%"class.std::allocator" = type { i8 }
%"class.__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator" = type { ptr }

@.str = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [1 x i8], align 1
@.str.1 = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8], align 1
@.str.2 = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8], align 1

; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #0

; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #0

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
define dso_local void @_Z4dtobB5cxx11i(ptr dead_on_unwind noalias writable sret(%"class.std::__cxx11::basic_string") align 8 %0, i32 noundef %1) #1 personality ptr @__gxx_personality_v0 {
  %3 = alloca ptr, align 8
  %4 = alloca i32, align 4
  %5 = alloca i1, align 1
  %6 = alloca %"class.std::allocator", align 1
  %7 = alloca ptr, align 8
  %8 = alloca i32, align 4
  %9 = alloca %"class.__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator", align 8
  %10 = alloca %"class.__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator", align 8
  store ptr %0, ptr %3, align 8
  store i32 %1, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !5
  store i1 false, ptr %5, align 1
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 1, ptr %6) #4
  call void @_ZNSaIcEC2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) %6) #4
  invoke void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEC2IS3_EEPKcRKS3_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0, ptr noundef @.str, ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) %6)
          to label %11 unwind label %22

11:                                               ; preds = %2
  call void @_ZNSt15__new_allocatorIcED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) %6) #4
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 1, ptr %6) #4
  br label %12

12:                                               ; preds = %33, %11
  %13 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %14 = icmp sgt i32 %13, 0
  br i1 %14, label %15, label %36

15:                                               ; preds = %12
  %16 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %17 = and i32 %16, 1
  %18 = icmp ne i32 %17, 0
  br i1 %18, label %19, label %30

19:                                               ; preds = %15
  %20 = invoke noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE6appendEPKc(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0, ptr noundef @.str.1)
          to label %21 unwind label %26

21:                                               ; preds = %19
  br label %33

22:                                               ; preds = %2
  %23 = landingpad { ptr, i32 }
          cleanup
  %24 = extractvalue { ptr, i32 } %23, 0
  store ptr %24, ptr %7, align 8
  %25 = extractvalue { ptr, i32 } %23, 1
  store i32 %25, ptr %8, align 4
  call void @_ZNSt15__new_allocatorIcED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) %6) #4
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 1, ptr %6) #4
  br label %49

26:                                               ; preds = %36, %30, %19
  %27 = landingpad { ptr, i32 }
          cleanup
  %28 = extractvalue { ptr, i32 } %27, 0
  store ptr %28, ptr %7, align 8
  %29 = extractvalue { ptr, i32 } %27, 1
  store i32 %29, ptr %8, align 4
  call void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0) #4
  br label %49

30:                                               ; preds = %15
  %31 = invoke noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE6appendEPKc(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0, ptr noundef @.str.2)
          to label %32 unwind label %26

32:                                               ; preds = %30
  br label %33

33:                                               ; preds = %32, %21
  %34 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %35 = ashr i32 %34, 1
  store i32 %35, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !5
  br label %12, !llvm.loop !9

36:                                               ; preds = %12
  %37 = call ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE5beginEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0) #4
  %38 = getelementptr inbounds %"class.__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator", ptr %9, i32 0, i32 0
  store ptr %37, ptr %38, align 8
  %39 = call ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE3endEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0) #4
  %40 = getelementptr inbounds %"class.__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator", ptr %10, i32 0, i32 0
  store ptr %39, ptr %40, align 8
  %41 = getelementptr inbounds %"class.__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator", ptr %9, i32 0, i32 0
  %42 = load ptr, ptr %41, align 8
  %43 = getelementptr inbounds %"class.__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator", ptr %10, i32 0, i32 0
  %44 = load ptr, ptr %43, align 8
  invoke void @_ZSt7reverseIN9__gnu_cxx17__normal_iteratorIPcNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEEEEEvT_SA_(ptr %42, ptr %44)
          to label %45 unwind label %26

45:                                               ; preds = %36
  store i1 true, ptr %5, align 1
  %46 = load i1, ptr %5, align 1
  br i1 %46, label %48, label %47

47:                                               ; preds = %45
  call void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0) #4
  br label %48

48:                                               ; preds = %47, %45
  ret void

49:                                               ; preds = %26, %22
  %50 = load ptr, ptr %7, align 8
  %51 = load i32, ptr %8, align 4
  %52 = insertvalue { ptr, i32 } poison, ptr %50, 0
  %53 = insertvalue { ptr, i32 } %52, i32 %51, 1
  resume { ptr, i32 } %53
}

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare void @_ZNSaIcEC2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1)) unnamed_addr #2 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
declare dso_local void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEC2IS3_EEPKcRKS3_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32), ptr noundef, ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1)) unnamed_addr #1 align 2

declare i32 @__gxx_personality_v0(...)

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE6appendEPKc(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32), ptr noundef) #1 align 2

; Function Attrs: inlinehint mustprogress uwtable
declare dso_local void @_ZSt7reverseIN9__gnu_cxx17__normal_iteratorIPcNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEEEEEvT_SA_(ptr, ptr) #3

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE5beginEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32)) #2 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE3endEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32)) #2 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32)) unnamed_addr #2 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local void @_ZNSt15__new_allocatorIcED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1)) unnamed_addr #2 align 2

attributes #0 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
attributes #1 = { mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #2 = { mustprogress nounwind uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #3 = { inlinehint mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #4 = { nounwind }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = !{!6, !6, i64 0}
!6 = !{!"int", !7, i64 0}
!7 = !{!"omnipotent char", !8, i64 0}
!8 = !{!"Simple C++ TBAA"}
!9 = distinct !{!9, !10}
!10 = !{!"llvm.loop.mustprogress"}


; Optimized IR (opt -passes='default<O3>'):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

%"class.std::__cxx11::basic_string" = type { %"struct.std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>::_Alloc_hider", i64, %union.anon }
%"struct.std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>::_Alloc_hider" = type { ptr }
%union.anon = type { i64, [8 x i8] }
%"class.std::allocator" = type { i8 }

@.str = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [1 x i8], align 1
@.str.1 = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8], align 1
@.str.2 = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8], align 1

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #0

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #0

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
define dso_local void @_Z4dtobB5cxx11i(ptr dead_on_unwind noalias writable sret(%"class.std::__cxx11::basic_string") align 8 %0, i32 noundef %1) local_unnamed_addr #1 personality ptr @__gxx_personality_v0 {
  %3 = alloca %"class.std::allocator", align 1
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 1, ptr nonnull %3) #4
  call void @_ZNSaIcEC2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) %3) #4
  invoke void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEC2IS3_EEPKcRKS3_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0, ptr noundef nonnull @.str, ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) %3)
          to label %4 unwind label %8

4:                                                ; preds = %2
  call void @_ZNSt15__new_allocatorIcED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) %3) #4
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 1, ptr nonnull %3) #4
  %5 = icmp sgt i32 %1, 0
  br i1 %5, label %.lr.ph, label %._crit_edge

.lr.ph:                                           ; preds = %4, %11
  %.09 = phi i32 [ %12, %11 ], [ %1, %4 ]
  %6 = and i32 %.09, 1
  %.not = icmp eq i32 %6, 0
  %spec.select = select i1 %.not, ptr @.str.2, ptr @.str.1
  %7 = invoke noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE6appendEPKc(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0, ptr noundef nonnull %spec.select)
          to label %11 unwind label %.loopexit

8:                                                ; preds = %2
  %9 = landingpad { ptr, i32 }
          cleanup
  call void @_ZNSt15__new_allocatorIcED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) %3) #4
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 1, ptr nonnull %3) #4
  br label %16

.loopexit:                                        ; preds = %.lr.ph
  %lpad.loopexit = landingpad { ptr, i32 }
          cleanup
  br label %10

.loopexit.split-lp:                               ; preds = %._crit_edge
  %lpad.loopexit.split-lp = landingpad { ptr, i32 }
          cleanup
  br label %10

10:                                               ; preds = %.loopexit.split-lp, %.loopexit
  %lpad.phi = phi { ptr, i32 } [ %lpad.loopexit, %.loopexit ], [ %lpad.loopexit.split-lp, %.loopexit.split-lp ]
  call void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0) #4
  br label %16

11:                                               ; preds = %.lr.ph
  %12 = lshr i32 %.09, 1
  %.not10 = icmp ult i32 %.09, 2
  br i1 %.not10, label %._crit_edge, label %.lr.ph, !llvm.loop !5

._crit_edge:                                      ; preds = %11, %4
  %13 = call ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE5beginEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0) #4
  %14 = call ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE3endEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) %0) #4
  invoke void @_ZSt7reverseIN9__gnu_cxx17__normal_iteratorIPcNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEEEEEvT_SA_(ptr %13, ptr %14)
          to label %15 unwind label %.loopexit.split-lp

15:                                               ; preds = %._crit_edge
  ret void

16:                                               ; preds = %10, %8
  %.pn = phi { ptr, i32 } [ %lpad.phi, %10 ], [ %9, %8 ]
  resume { ptr, i32 } %.pn
}

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare void @_ZNSaIcEC2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1)) unnamed_addr #2 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
declare dso_local void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEC2IS3_EEPKcRKS3_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32), ptr noundef, ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1)) unnamed_addr #1 align 2

declare i32 @__gxx_personality_v0(...)

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32) ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE6appendEPKc(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32), ptr noundef) local_unnamed_addr #1 align 2

; Function Attrs: inlinehint mustprogress uwtable
declare dso_local void @_ZSt7reverseIN9__gnu_cxx17__normal_iteratorIPcNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEEEEEvT_SA_(ptr, ptr) local_unnamed_addr #3

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE5beginEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32)) local_unnamed_addr #2 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare ptr @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE3endEv(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32)) local_unnamed_addr #2 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare void @_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(32)) unnamed_addr #2 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local void @_ZNSt15__new_allocatorIcED2Ev(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1)) unnamed_addr #2 align 2

attributes #0 = { mustprogress nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
attributes #1 = { mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #2 = { mustprogress nounwind uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #3 = { inlinehint mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #4 = { nounwind }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = distinct !{!5, !6}
!6 = !{!"llvm.loop.mustprogress"}


; Effective O3 passes: GlobalOptPass,IPSCCPPass,InferFunctionAttrsPass,InstCombinePass,JumpThreadingPass,LoopRotatePass,LoopSimplifyPass,LoopUnrollPass,SROAPass,SimplifyCFGPass