; LLVM IR from Hunterdii/GeeksforGeeks-POTD :: April 2024 GFG SOLUTION (April-11)

; Unoptimized IR (clang -disable-llvm-passes):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

%"class.std::basic_istream" = type { ptr, i64, %"class.std::basic_ios" }
%"class.std::basic_ios" = type { %"class.std::ios_base", ptr, i8, i8, ptr, ptr, ptr, ptr }
%"class.std::ios_base" = type { ptr, i64, i64, i32, i32, i32, ptr, %"struct.std::ios_base::_Words", [8 x %"struct.std::ios_base::_Words"], i32, ptr, %"class.std::locale" }
%"struct.std::ios_base::_Words" = type { ptr, i64 }
%"class.std::locale" = type { ptr }
%"class.std::basic_ostream" = type { ptr, %"class.std::basic_ios" }
%class.Solution = type { i8 }

@_ZSt3cin = external global %"class.std::basic_istream", align 8
@_ZSt4cout = external global %"class.std::basic_ostream", align 8

; Function Attrs: mustprogress norecurse uwtable
define dso_local noundef i32 @main() #0 {
  %1 = alloca i32, align 4
  %2 = alloca i32, align 4
  %3 = alloca i32, align 4
  %4 = alloca %class.Solution, align 1
  store i32 0, ptr %1, align 4
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr %2) #6
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr %3) #6
  %5 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) ptr @_ZNSirsERi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) @_ZSt3cin, ptr noundef nonnull align 4 dereferenceable(4) %2)
  br label %6

6:                                                ; preds = %10, %0
  %7 = load i32, ptr %2, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %8 = add nsw i32 %7, -1
  store i32 %8, ptr %2, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %9 = icmp ne i32 %7, 0
  br i1 %9, label %10, label %16

10:                                               ; preds = %6
  %11 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) ptr @_ZNSirsERi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) @_ZSt3cin, ptr noundef nonnull align 4 dereferenceable(4) %3)
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 1, ptr %4) #6
  %12 = load i32, ptr %3, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %13 = call noundef i32 @_ZN8Solution12grayToBinaryEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) %4, i32 noundef %12)
  %14 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) @_ZSt4cout, i32 noundef %13)
  %15 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) %14, ptr noundef @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_)
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 1, ptr %4) #6
  br label %6, !llvm.loop !9

16:                                               ; preds = %6
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr %3) #6
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr %2) #6
  %17 = load i32, ptr %1, align 4
  ret i32 %17
}

; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #1

declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) ptr @_ZNSirsERi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16), ptr noundef nonnull align 4 dereferenceable(4)) #2

declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), i32 noundef) #2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local noundef i32 @_ZN8Solution12grayToBinaryEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1), i32 noundef) #3 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), ptr noundef) #4 align 2

; Function Attrs: inlinehint mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8)) #5

; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #1

attributes #0 = { mustprogress norecurse uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #1 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
attributes #2 = { "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #3 = { mustprogress nounwind uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #4 = { mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #5 = { inlinehint mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #6 = { nounwind }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = !{!6, !6, i64 0}
!6 = !{!"int", !7, i64 0}
!7 = !{!"omnipotent char", !8, i64 0}
!8 = !{!"Simple C++ TBAA"}
!9 = distinct !{!9, !10}
!10 = !{!"llvm.loop.mustprogress"}


; Optimized IR (opt -passes='default<O3>'):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

%"class.std::basic_istream" = type { ptr, i64, %"class.std::basic_ios" }
%"class.std::basic_ios" = type { %"class.std::ios_base", ptr, i8, i8, ptr, ptr, ptr, ptr }
%"class.std::ios_base" = type { ptr, i64, i64, i32, i32, i32, ptr, %"struct.std::ios_base::_Words", [8 x %"struct.std::ios_base::_Words"], i32, ptr, %"class.std::locale" }
%"struct.std::ios_base::_Words" = type { ptr, i64 }
%"class.std::locale" = type { ptr }
%"class.std::basic_ostream" = type { ptr, %"class.std::basic_ios" }
%class.Solution = type { i8 }

@_ZSt3cin = external global %"class.std::basic_istream", align 8
@_ZSt4cout = external global %"class.std::basic_ostream", align 8

; Function Attrs: mustprogress norecurse uwtable
define dso_local noundef i32 @main() local_unnamed_addr #0 {
  %1 = alloca i32, align 4
  %2 = alloca i32, align 4
  %3 = alloca %class.Solution, align 1
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr nonnull %1) #6
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr nonnull %2) #6
  %4 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) ptr @_ZNSirsERi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) @_ZSt3cin, ptr noundef nonnull align 4 dereferenceable(4) %1)
  %5 = load i32, ptr %1, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %6 = add nsw i32 %5, -1
  store i32 %6, ptr %1, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %.not1 = icmp eq i32 %5, 0
  br i1 %.not1, label %._crit_edge, label %.lr.ph

.lr.ph:                                           ; preds = %0, %.lr.ph
  %7 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) ptr @_ZNSirsERi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) @_ZSt3cin, ptr noundef nonnull align 4 dereferenceable(4) %2)
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 1, ptr nonnull %3) #6
  %8 = load i32, ptr %2, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %9 = call noundef i32 @_ZN8Solution12grayToBinaryEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1) %3, i32 noundef %8)
  %10 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) @_ZSt4cout, i32 noundef %9)
  %11 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) %10, ptr noundef nonnull @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_)
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 1, ptr nonnull %3) #6
  %12 = load i32, ptr %1, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %13 = add nsw i32 %12, -1
  store i32 %13, ptr %1, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %.not = icmp eq i32 %12, 0
  br i1 %.not, label %._crit_edge, label %.lr.ph, !llvm.loop !9

._crit_edge:                                      ; preds = %.lr.ph, %0
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr nonnull %2) #6
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr nonnull %1) #6
  ret i32 0
}

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #1

declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) ptr @_ZNSirsERi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16), ptr noundef nonnull align 4 dereferenceable(4)) local_unnamed_addr #2

declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), i32 noundef) local_unnamed_addr #2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nounwind uwtable
declare dso_local noundef i32 @_ZN8Solution12grayToBinaryEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 1 dereferenceable(1), i32 noundef) local_unnamed_addr #3 align 2

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), ptr noundef) local_unnamed_addr #4 align 2

; Function Attrs: inlinehint mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8)) #5

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #1

attributes #0 = { mustprogress norecurse uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #1 = { mustprogress nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
attributes #2 = { "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #3 = { mustprogress nounwind uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #4 = { mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #5 = { inlinehint mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #6 = { nounwind }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = !{!6, !6, i64 0}
!6 = !{!"int", !7, i64 0}
!7 = !{!"omnipotent char", !8, i64 0}
!8 = !{!"Simple C++ TBAA"}
!9 = distinct !{!9, !10}
!10 = !{!"llvm.loop.mustprogress"}


; Effective O3 passes: GlobalOptPass,InferFunctionAttrsPass,InstCombinePass,JumpThreadingPass,LoopRotatePass,LoopSimplifyPass,LoopUnrollPass,SROAPass,SimplifyCFGPass