; LLVM IR from HarshCasper/NeoAlgo :: C-Plus-Plus/Bit--Manipulation (Find_duplicate_elements_using_XOR)

; Unoptimized IR (clang -disable-llvm-passes):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

%"class.std::basic_ostream" = type { ptr, %"class.std::basic_ios" }
%"class.std::basic_ios" = type { %"class.std::ios_base", ptr, i8, i8, ptr, ptr, ptr, ptr }
%"class.std::ios_base" = type { ptr, i64, i64, i32, i32, i32, ptr, %"struct.std::ios_base::_Words", [8 x %"struct.std::ios_base::_Words"], i32, ptr, %"class.std::locale" }
%"struct.std::ios_base::_Words" = type { ptr, i64 }
%"class.std::locale" = type { ptr }
%"class.std::basic_istream" = type { ptr, i64, %"class.std::basic_ios" }

@_ZSt4cout = external global %"class.std::basic_ostream", align 8
@.str = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [51 x i8], align 1
@_ZSt3cin = external global %"class.std::basic_istream", align 8
@.str.1 = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [20 x i8], align 1

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
define dso_local void @_Z23find_duplicate_elementsPii(ptr noundef %0, i32 noundef %1) #0 {
  %3 = alloca ptr, align 8
  %4 = alloca i32, align 4
  %5 = alloca i32, align 4
  %6 = alloca i32, align 4
  %7 = alloca i32, align 4
  %8 = alloca i32, align 4
  store ptr %0, ptr %3, align 8, !tbaa !5
  store i32 %1, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %9 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZStlsISt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIcT_ES5_PKc(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) @_ZSt4cout, ptr noundef @.str)
  %10 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) %9, ptr noundef @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_)
  %11 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) ptr @_ZNSirsERi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) @_ZSt3cin, ptr noundef nonnull align 4 dereferenceable(4) %4)
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr %5) #4
  store i32 0, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  br label %12

12:                                               ; preds = %53, %2
  %13 = load i32, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %14 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %15 = icmp slt i32 %13, %14
  br i1 %15, label %17, label %16

16:                                               ; preds = %12
  store i32 2, ptr %6, align 4
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr %5) #4
  br label %56

17:                                               ; preds = %12
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr %7) #4
  %18 = load i32, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %19 = add nsw i32 %18, 1
  store i32 %19, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  br label %20

20:                                               ; preds = %49, %17
  %21 = load i32, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %22 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %23 = icmp slt i32 %21, %22
  br i1 %23, label %25, label %24

24:                                               ; preds = %20
  store i32 5, ptr %6, align 4
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr %7) #4
  br label %52

25:                                               ; preds = %20
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr %8) #4
  %26 = load ptr, ptr %3, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %27 = load i32, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %28 = sext i32 %27 to i64
  %29 = getelementptr inbounds i32, ptr %26, i64 %28
  %30 = load i32, ptr %29, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %31 = load ptr, ptr %3, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %32 = load i32, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %33 = sext i32 %32 to i64
  %34 = getelementptr inbounds i32, ptr %31, i64 %33
  %35 = load i32, ptr %34, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %36 = xor i32 %30, %35
  store i32 %36, ptr %8, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %37 = load i32, ptr %8, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %38 = icmp eq i32 %37, 0
  br i1 %38, label %39, label %48

39:                                               ; preds = %25
  %40 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZStlsISt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIcT_ES5_PKc(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) @_ZSt4cout, ptr noundef @.str.1)
  %41 = load ptr, ptr %3, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %42 = load i32, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %43 = sext i32 %42 to i64
  %44 = getelementptr inbounds i32, ptr %41, i64 %43
  %45 = load i32, ptr %44, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %46 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) %40, i32 noundef %45)
  %47 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) %46, ptr noundef @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_)
  br label %48

48:                                               ; preds = %39, %25
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr %8) #4
  br label %49

49:                                               ; preds = %48
  %50 = load i32, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %51 = add nsw i32 %50, 1
  store i32 %51, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  br label %20, !llvm.loop !11

52:                                               ; preds = %24
  br label %53

53:                                               ; preds = %52
  %54 = load i32, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %55 = add nsw i32 %54, 1
  store i32 %55, ptr %5, align 4, !tbaa !9
  br label %12, !llvm.loop !13

56:                                               ; preds = %16
  ret void
}

; Function Attrs: inlinehint mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZStlsISt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIcT_ES5_PKc(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), ptr noundef) #1

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), ptr noundef) #0 align 2

; Function Attrs: inlinehint mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8)) #1

declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) ptr @_ZNSirsERi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16), ptr noundef nonnull align 4 dereferenceable(4)) #2

; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #3

declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), i32 noundef) #2

; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #3

attributes #0 = { mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #1 = { inlinehint mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #2 = { "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #3 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
attributes #4 = { nounwind }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = !{!6, !6, i64 0}
!6 = !{!"any pointer", !7, i64 0}
!7 = !{!"omnipotent char", !8, i64 0}
!8 = !{!"Simple C++ TBAA"}
!9 = !{!10, !10, i64 0}
!10 = !{!"int", !7, i64 0}
!11 = distinct !{!11, !12}
!12 = !{!"llvm.loop.mustprogress"}
!13 = distinct !{!13, !12}


; Optimized IR (opt -passes='default<O3>'):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

%"class.std::basic_ostream" = type { ptr, %"class.std::basic_ios" }
%"class.std::basic_ios" = type { %"class.std::ios_base", ptr, i8, i8, ptr, ptr, ptr, ptr }
%"class.std::ios_base" = type { ptr, i64, i64, i32, i32, i32, ptr, %"struct.std::ios_base::_Words", [8 x %"struct.std::ios_base::_Words"], i32, ptr, %"class.std::locale" }
%"struct.std::ios_base::_Words" = type { ptr, i64 }
%"class.std::locale" = type { ptr }
%"class.std::basic_istream" = type { ptr, i64, %"class.std::basic_ios" }

@_ZSt4cout = external global %"class.std::basic_ostream", align 8
@.str = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [51 x i8], align 1
@_ZSt3cin = external global %"class.std::basic_istream", align 8
@.str.1 = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [20 x i8], align 1

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
define dso_local void @_Z23find_duplicate_elementsPii(ptr nocapture noundef readonly %0, i32 noundef %1) local_unnamed_addr #0 {
  %3 = alloca i32, align 4
  store i32 %1, ptr %3, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %4 = tail call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZStlsISt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIcT_ES5_PKc(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) @_ZSt4cout, ptr noundef nonnull @.str)
  %5 = tail call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) %4, ptr noundef nonnull @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_)
  %6 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) ptr @_ZNSirsERi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) @_ZSt3cin, ptr noundef nonnull align 4 dereferenceable(4) %3)
  %7 = load i32, ptr %3, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %8 = icmp sgt i32 %7, 0
  br i1 %8, label %.lr.ph14, label %._crit_edge

.loopexit.loopexit:                               ; preds = %27
  %.pre21 = sext i32 %28 to i64
  br label %.loopexit

.loopexit:                                        ; preds = %.loopexit.loopexit, %.lr.ph14
  %.pre-phi = phi i64 [ %.pre21, %.loopexit.loopexit ], [ %12, %.lr.ph14 ]
  %9 = phi i32 [ %28, %.loopexit.loopexit ], [ %11, %.lr.ph14 ]
  %10 = icmp slt i64 %indvars.iv.next19, %.pre-phi
  %indvars.iv.next = add nuw nsw i64 %indvars.iv, 1
  br i1 %10, label %.lr.ph14, label %._crit_edge, !llvm.loop !9

._crit_edge:                                      ; preds = %.loopexit, %2
  ret void

.lr.ph14:                                         ; preds = %2, %.loopexit
  %11 = phi i32 [ %9, %.loopexit ], [ %7, %2 ]
  %indvars.iv18 = phi i64 [ %indvars.iv.next19, %.loopexit ], [ 0, %2 ]
  %indvars.iv = phi i64 [ %indvars.iv.next, %.loopexit ], [ 1, %2 ]
  %indvars.iv.next19 = add nuw nsw i64 %indvars.iv18, 1
  %12 = sext i32 %11 to i64
  %13 = icmp slt i64 %indvars.iv.next19, %12
  br i1 %13, label %.lr.ph, label %.loopexit

.lr.ph:                                           ; preds = %.lr.ph14
  %14 = getelementptr inbounds i32, ptr %0, i64 %indvars.iv18
  br label %15

15:                                               ; preds = %.lr.ph, %27
  %16 = phi i32 [ %11, %.lr.ph ], [ %28, %27 ]
  %17 = phi i32 [ %11, %.lr.ph ], [ %29, %27 ]
  %indvars.iv15 = phi i64 [ %indvars.iv, %.lr.ph ], [ %indvars.iv.next16, %27 ]
  %18 = load i32, ptr %14, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %19 = getelementptr inbounds i32, ptr %0, i64 %indvars.iv15
  %20 = load i32, ptr %19, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %21 = icmp eq i32 %18, %20
  br i1 %21, label %22, label %27

22:                                               ; preds = %15
  %23 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZStlsISt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIcT_ES5_PKc(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) @_ZSt4cout, ptr noundef nonnull @.str.1)
  %24 = load i32, ptr %14, align 4, !tbaa !5
  %25 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) %23, i32 noundef %24)
  %26 = call noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) %25, ptr noundef nonnull @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_)
  %.pre = load i32, ptr %3, align 4, !tbaa !5
  br label %27

27:                                               ; preds = %22, %15
  %28 = phi i32 [ %.pre, %22 ], [ %16, %15 ]
  %29 = phi i32 [ %.pre, %22 ], [ %17, %15 ]
  %indvars.iv.next16 = add nuw nsw i64 %indvars.iv15, 1
  %30 = trunc nuw i64 %indvars.iv.next16 to i32
  %31 = icmp sgt i32 %29, %30
  br i1 %31, label %15, label %.loopexit.loopexit, !llvm.loop !11
}

; Function Attrs: inlinehint mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZStlsISt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIcT_ES5_PKc(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), ptr noundef) local_unnamed_addr #1

; Function Attrs: mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEPFRSoS_E(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), ptr noundef) local_unnamed_addr #0 align 2

; Function Attrs: inlinehint mustprogress uwtable
declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8)) #1

declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16) ptr @_ZNSirsERi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(16), ptr noundef nonnull align 4 dereferenceable(4)) local_unnamed_addr #2

declare noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8) ptr @_ZNSolsEi(ptr noundef nonnull align 8 dereferenceable(8), i32 noundef) local_unnamed_addr #2

attributes #0 = { mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #1 = { inlinehint mustprogress uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #2 = { "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = !{!6, !6, i64 0}
!6 = !{!"int", !7, i64 0}
!7 = !{!"omnipotent char", !8, i64 0}
!8 = !{!"Simple C++ TBAA"}
!9 = distinct !{!9, !10}
!10 = !{!"llvm.loop.mustprogress"}
!11 = distinct !{!11, !10}


; Effective O3 passes: EarlyCSEPass,GVNPass,GlobalOptPass,IndVarSimplifyPass,InferFunctionAttrsPass,InstCombinePass,InstSimplifyPass,JumpThreadingPass,LCSSAPass,LICMPass,LoopRotatePass,LoopSimplifyPass,LoopUnrollPass,PostOrderFunctionAttrsPass,SROAPass,SimplifyCFGPass,TailCallElimPass