; LLVM IR from nonstriater/Learn-Algorithms :: 9 Algorithms Job Interview/codes/4 numer (integer_to_bin)

; Unoptimized IR (clang -disable-llvm-passes):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

@.str = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [13 x i8], align 1

; Function Attrs: nounwind uwtable
define dso_local ptr @integer_to_bin(i64 noundef %0) #0 {
  %2 = alloca ptr, align 8
  %3 = alloca i64, align 8
  %4 = alloca i32, align 4
  %5 = alloca ptr, align 8
  %6 = alloca i32, align 4
  %7 = alloca i32, align 4
  store i64 %0, ptr %3, align 8, !tbaa !5
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr %4) #3
  store i32 64, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 8, ptr %5) #3
  %8 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %9 = add nsw i32 %8, 1
  %10 = sext i32 %9 to i64
  %11 = call noalias ptr @malloc(i64 noundef %10) #4
  store ptr %11, ptr %5, align 8, !tbaa !11
  %12 = load ptr, ptr %5, align 8, !tbaa !11
  %13 = icmp eq ptr %12, null
  br i1 %13, label %14, label %15

14:                                               ; preds = %1
  store ptr @.str, ptr %2, align 8
  store i32 1, ptr %6, align 4
  br label %58

15:                                               ; preds = %1
  %16 = load ptr, ptr %5, align 8, !tbaa !11
  %17 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %18 = sext i32 %17 to i64
  %19 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %16, i64 %18
  store i8 0, ptr %19, align 1, !tbaa !13
  call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr %7) #3
  store i32 0, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  br label %20

20:                                               ; preds = %53, %15
  %21 = load i32, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %22 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %23 = icmp slt i32 %21, %22
  br i1 %23, label %25, label %24

24:                                               ; preds = %20
  store i32 2, ptr %6, align 4
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr %7) #3
  br label %56

25:                                               ; preds = %20
  %26 = load i64, ptr %3, align 8, !tbaa !5
  %27 = load i32, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %28 = zext i32 %27 to i64
  %29 = shl i64 %26, %28
  %30 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %31 = sub nsw i32 %30, 1
  %32 = zext i32 %31 to i64
  %33 = ashr i64 %29, %32
  %34 = trunc i64 %33 to i8
  %35 = load ptr, ptr %5, align 8, !tbaa !11
  %36 = load i32, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %37 = sext i32 %36 to i64
  %38 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %35, i64 %37
  store i8 %34, ptr %38, align 1, !tbaa !13
  %39 = load ptr, ptr %5, align 8, !tbaa !11
  %40 = load i32, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %41 = sext i32 %40 to i64
  %42 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %39, i64 %41
  %43 = load i8, ptr %42, align 1, !tbaa !13
  %44 = sext i8 %43 to i32
  %45 = icmp eq i32 %44, 0
  %46 = zext i1 %45 to i64
  %47 = select i1 %45, i32 48, i32 49
  %48 = trunc i32 %47 to i8
  %49 = load ptr, ptr %5, align 8, !tbaa !11
  %50 = load i32, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %51 = sext i32 %50 to i64
  %52 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %49, i64 %51
  store i8 %48, ptr %52, align 1, !tbaa !13
  br label %53

53:                                               ; preds = %25
  %54 = load i32, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  %55 = add nsw i32 %54, 1
  store i32 %55, ptr %7, align 4, !tbaa !9
  br label %20, !llvm.loop !14

56:                                               ; preds = %24
  %57 = load ptr, ptr %5, align 8, !tbaa !11
  store ptr %57, ptr %2, align 8
  store i32 1, ptr %6, align 4
  br label %58

58:                                               ; preds = %56, %14
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 8, ptr %5) #3
  call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 4, ptr %4) #3
  %59 = load ptr, ptr %2, align 8
  ret ptr %59
}

; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #1

; Function Attrs: nounwind allocsize(0)
declare noalias ptr @malloc(i64 noundef) #2

; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
declare void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 immarg, ptr nocapture) #1

attributes #0 = { nounwind uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #1 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
attributes #2 = { nounwind allocsize(0) "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #3 = { nounwind }
attributes #4 = { nounwind allocsize(0) }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = !{!6, !6, i64 0}
!6 = !{!"long", !7, i64 0}
!7 = !{!"omnipotent char", !8, i64 0}
!8 = !{!"Simple C/C++ TBAA"}
!9 = !{!10, !10, i64 0}
!10 = !{!"int", !7, i64 0}
!11 = !{!12, !12, i64 0}
!12 = !{!"any pointer", !7, i64 0}
!13 = !{!7, !7, i64 0}
!14 = distinct !{!14, !15}
!15 = !{!"llvm.loop.mustprogress"}


; Optimized IR (opt -passes='default<O3>'):
target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
target triple = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

@.str = external hidden unnamed_addr constant [13 x i8], align 1

; Function Attrs: nofree nounwind memory(write, argmem: none, inaccessiblemem: readwrite) uwtable
define dso_local noundef ptr @integer_to_bin(i64 noundef %0) local_unnamed_addr #0 {
  %2 = tail call noalias dereferenceable_or_null(65) ptr @malloc(i64 noundef 65) #2
  %3 = icmp eq ptr %2, null
  br i1 %3, label %.loopexit, label %vector.ph

vector.ph:                                        ; preds = %1
  %4 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %2, i64 64
  store i8 0, ptr %4, align 1, !tbaa !5
  %broadcast.splatinsert = insertelement <16 x i64> poison, i64 %0, i64 0
  %broadcast.splat = shufflevector <16 x i64> %broadcast.splatinsert, <16 x i64> poison, <16 x i32> zeroinitializer
  br label %vector.body

vector.body:                                      ; preds = %vector.body, %vector.ph
  %index = phi i64 [ 0, %vector.ph ], [ %index.next, %vector.body ]
  %vec.ind = phi <16 x i64> [ <i64 0, i64 1, i64 2, i64 3, i64 4, i64 5, i64 6, i64 7, i64 8, i64 9, i64 10, i64 11, i64 12, i64 13, i64 14, i64 15>, %vector.ph ], [ %vec.ind.next, %vector.body ]
  %5 = shl <16 x i64> %broadcast.splat, %vec.ind
  %6 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %2, i64 %index
  %7 = icmp sgt <16 x i64> %5, <i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1, i64 -1>
  %8 = select <16 x i1> %7, <16 x i8> <i8 48, i8 48, i8 48, i8 48, i8 48, i8 48, i8 48, i8 48, i8 48, i8 48, i8 48, i8 48, i8 48, i8 48, i8 48, i8 48>, <16 x i8> <i8 49, i8 49, i8 49, i8 49, i8 49, i8 49, i8 49, i8 49, i8 49, i8 49, i8 49, i8 49, i8 49, i8 49, i8 49, i8 49>
  store <16 x i8> %8, ptr %6, align 1, !tbaa !5
  %index.next = add nuw i64 %index, 16
  %vec.ind.next = add <16 x i64> %vec.ind, <i64 16, i64 16, i64 16, i64 16, i64 16, i64 16, i64 16, i64 16, i64 16, i64 16, i64 16, i64 16, i64 16, i64 16, i64 16, i64 16>
  %9 = icmp eq i64 %index.next, 64
  br i1 %9, label %.loopexit, label %vector.body, !llvm.loop !8

.loopexit:                                        ; preds = %vector.body, %1
  %.017 = phi ptr [ @.str, %1 ], [ %2, %vector.body ]
  ret ptr %.017
}

; Function Attrs: mustprogress nofree nounwind willreturn allockind("alloc,uninitialized") allocsize(0) memory(inaccessiblemem: readwrite)
declare noalias noundef ptr @malloc(i64 noundef) local_unnamed_addr #1

attributes #0 = { nofree nounwind memory(write, argmem: none, inaccessiblemem: readwrite) uwtable "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #1 = { mustprogress nofree nounwind willreturn allockind("alloc,uninitialized") allocsize(0) memory(inaccessiblemem: readwrite) "alloc-family"="malloc" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="x86-64" "target-features"="+cmov,+cx8,+fxsr,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "tune-cpu"="generic" }
attributes #2 = { nounwind allocsize(0) }

!llvm.module.flags = !{!0, !1, !2, !3}
!llvm.ident = !{!4}

!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
!1 = !{i32 8, !"PIC Level", i32 2}
!2 = !{i32 7, !"PIE Level", i32 2}
!3 = !{i32 7, !"uwtable", i32 2}
!4 = !{!"clang version 19.1.0 (git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git a4bf6cd7cfb1a1421ba92bca9d017b49936c55e4)"}
!5 = !{!6, !6, i64 0}
!6 = !{!"omnipotent char", !7, i64 0}
!7 = !{!"Simple C/C++ TBAA"}
!8 = distinct !{!8, !9, !10, !11}
!9 = !{!"llvm.loop.mustprogress"}
!10 = !{!"llvm.loop.isvectorized", i32 1}
!11 = !{!"llvm.loop.unroll.runtime.disable"}


; Effective O3 passes: EarlyCSEPass,GlobalOptPass,IPSCCPPass,IndVarSimplifyPass,InferFunctionAttrsPass,InstCombinePass,JumpThreadingPass,LoopLoadEliminationPass,LoopRotatePass,LoopSimplifyPass,LoopUnrollPass,LoopVectorizePass,PostOrderFunctionAttrsPass,SROAPass,SimplifyCFGPass,TailCallElimPass