UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA (Eastern Division - Riverside)
CIVIL DOCKET FOR CASE #: 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC

Kelvin Hernandez Roman et al v. Chad F. Wolf et al Assigned to: Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr Referred to: Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo Case in other court: 9TH CCA, 20-55436
9th Circuit, 20-55662 9th Circuit, 20-56026 Cause: 28:2241 Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus (federal)

Date Filed: 04/13/2020 Jury Demand: None Nature of Suit: 463 Habeas Corpus Alien Detainee Jurisdiction: U.S. Government Defendant

Petitioner
Kelvin Hernandez Roman on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated

represented by Ahilan T Arulanantham ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 213-977-9500 Fax: 213-417-2211 Email: aarulanantham@aclusocal.org LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Jessica Karp Bansal ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 213-977-9500 Fax: 909-332-7280 Email: jbansal@aclusocal.org LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Jessie Alice Cammack Latham and Watkins LLP 355 South Grand Avenue Suite 100 Los Angeles, CA 90071 213-485-1234 Fax: 213-891-8763 Email: jessie.cammack@lw.com LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Michael Bryan Kaufman ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 213-977-9500 Fax: 213-977-5297 Email: mkaufman@aclusocal.org LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Michelle Y Cho ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 213-977-9500 Fax: 213-915-0219 Email: mcho@aclusocal.org LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Charles A. Berdahl Latham and Watkins LLP 555 Eleventh Street NW Suite 1000 Washington, DC 20004 202-637-2200 Fax: 202-637-2201 Email: charles.berdahl@lw.com PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Kyle A Virgien Latham and Watkins LLP 505 Montgomery Street Suite 2000 San Francisco, CA 94111 415-391-0600 Fax: 415-395-8095 Email: kyle.virgien@lw.com ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Liga Chia ACLU of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017

Petitioner

213-977-9500 Fax: 213-977-5297 Email: lchia@aclusocal.org ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Roger J Chin Latham and Watkins LLP 505 Montgomery Street Suite 2000 San Francisco, CA 94111 415-391-0600 Fax: 415-395-8095 Email: roger.chin@lw.com ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Samir Deger-Sen Latham and Watkins LLP 555 Eleventh Street NW Washington, DC 20004-4834 202-637-2200 Fax: 202-637-2201 Email: samir.deger-sen@lw.com PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
William M Friedman Latham and Watkins LLP 555 Eleventh Street NW Suite 1000 Washington, DC 20004-1304 202-637-2200 Fax: 202-637-2201 Email: william.friedman@lw.com PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Amanda Barnett Latham and Watkins LLP 355 South Grand Avenue Suite 100 Los Angeles, CA 90071 213-485-1234 Fax: 213-891-8763 Email: amanda.barnett@lw.com ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated

represented by Ahilan T Arulanantham (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Jessica Karp Bansal (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Liga Chia (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Michael Bryan Kaufman (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Amanda Barnett (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Charles A. Berdahl (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Jessie Alice Cammack (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Kyle A Virgien (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Michelle Y Cho (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Roger J Chin (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Samir Deger-Sen

Petitioner
Miguel Aguilar Estrada on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated

(See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
William M Friedman (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
represented by Ahilan T Arulanantham (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Jessica Karp Bansal (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Liga Chia (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Michael Bryan Kaufman (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Amanda Barnett (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Charles A. Berdahl (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Jessie Alice Cammack (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Kyle A Virgien (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Petitioner Russell Casio Bernardino
Petitioner Silvano Avina Salas
V. Intervenor Plaintiff Victor Sanchez Negron

Michelle Y Cho (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Roger J Chin (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Samir Deger-Sen (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
William M Friedman (See above for address) PRO HAC VICE ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
represented by Russell Casio Bernardino A 219 181 732 W2 - D206 10400 Rancho Road Adelanto, CA 92301 PRO SE
represented by Silvano Avina Salas A 206402068 W2-D206 10400 Rancho Road Adelanto, CA 92301 PRO SE
represented by Emily J Groendyke Federal Public Defender Office 321 East 2nd Street Los Angeles, CA 90012 213-894-2061 Fax: 213-894-0081 Email: emily_groendyke@fd.org ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

V.
Respondent
Chad F. Wolf Acting Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security

represented by Anna Dichter United States Department of Justice Civil Division - Office of Immigration Litigation PO Box 868 Ben Franklin Station Washington, DC 20044 202-353-2405 Fax: 202-305-7038 Email: anna.l.dichter@usdoj.gov LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Christopher Bates U.S. Department of Justice 950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Wasihngton, DC 20530 202-514-3307 Fax: 202-514-8071 Email: christopher.a.bates@usdoj.gov LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Daniel A Beck AUSA - Office of US Attorney Civil Division 300 North Los Angeles Street Suite 7516 Los Angeles, CA 90012 213-894-2574 Fax: 213-894-7819 Email: daniel.beck@usdoj.gov LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Hillary Morgan Burrelle AUSA - US Attorneys Office Civil Division 300 North Los Angeles Street Suite 7516 Los Angeles, CA 90012 213-894-2420 Fax: 213-894-7819

Email: hillary.burrelle@usdoj.gov LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Jeffrey S Robins Department of Justice Office of Immigration Litigation District Court Section PO Box 868 Ben Franklin Station Washington, DC 20044 202-616-1246 Fax: 202-305-7000 Email: jeffrey.robins@usdoj.gov LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Sarah S Wilson US Department of Justice Office of Immigration Litigation District Court Section PO Box 868 Ben Franklin Station Washington, DC 20044 202-532-4700 Fax: 202-395-7000 Email: sarah.s.wilson@usdoj.gov LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Victor M Mercado-Santana US Department of Justice Civil Division - Office of Immigration Litigation 450 Fifth Street NW PO Box 868 Ben Franklin Station Washington, DC 20044 202-305-7001 Fax: 202-626-8962 Email: victor.m.mercadosantana@usdoj.gov LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Assistant 2241-194 US Attorney LA-CV AUSA - Office of US Attorney Criminal Division - US Courthouse

312 North Spring Street 12th Floor Los Angeles, CA 90012-4700 213-894-2434 Email: USACAC.Habeas@usdoj.gov ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Hans Chen US Department of Justice Office of Immigration Litigation Civil Division P O Box 868 Washington, DC 20044 301-307-4469 Fax: 202-305-7000 Email: hans.h.chen@usdoj.gov ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Hayden Windrow US Department of Justice Civil Division - Office of Immigration Litigation P.O. Box 868 Ben Franklin Station Washington, DC 20044 202-305-2023 Email: hayden.e.windrow@usdoj.gov ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Julian Kurz US Department of Justice Civil Division - Office of Immigration Litigation PO Box 868 Ben Franklin Station Washington, DC 20044 202-616-4962 Fax: 202-305-7000 Email: julian.m.kurz@usdoj.gov ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
OIL-DCS Trial Attorney Office of Immigration Litigation District Court Section PO Box 868 Ben Franklin Station Washington, DC 20044 202-353-8806 Email: oil-dcs.cacd@usdoj.gov ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Respondent
Matthew T. Albence Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement

represented by Anna Dichter (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Christopher Bates (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Daniel A Beck (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Hillary Morgan Burrelle (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Jeffrey S Robins (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Sarah S Wilson (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Victor M Mercado-Santana (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Assistant 2241-194 US Attorney LA-CV (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Hans Chen (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Hayden Windrow

Respondent
David Marin Director of the Los Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement

(See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Julian Kurz (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
OIL-DCS Trial Attorney (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
represented by Anna Dichter (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Christopher Bates (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Daniel A Beck (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Hillary Morgan Burrelle (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Jeffrey S Robins (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Sarah S Wilson (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Victor M Mercado-Santana (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Respondent
James Janecka Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center

Assistant 2241-194 US Attorney LA-CV (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Hans Chen (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Hayden Windrow (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Julian Kurz (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
OIL-DCS Trial Attorney (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
represented by Anna Dichter (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Christopher Bates (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Daniel A Beck (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Hillary Morgan Burrelle (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Jeffrey S Robins (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY

Special Master Patrick Walsh
V. Intervenor

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Sarah S Wilson (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Victor M Mercado-Santana (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Assistant 2241-194 US Attorney LA-CV (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Hans Chen (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Hayden Windrow (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Julian Kurz (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
OIL-DCS Trial Attorney (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
represented by Patrick J Walsh Signature Resolution 633 West 5th Street, Suite 1000 Los Angeles, CA 90071 323-395-4970 Email: judgewalsh@signatureresolution.com ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Daniel Alejandro Cardenas Leal A# 079-657-932 Cooley LLP 4401 Eastgate Mall San Diego, CA 92121 858-550-6000
Intervenor Devora Batres Moreno

represented by Hannah Karin Comstock Immigrant Defenders Law Center 634 South Spring Street 10th Floor Los Angeles, CA 90014 213-340-7676 Fax: 213-282-3133 Email: hcomstock@immdef.org LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Jasmin F. Motlagh Cooley LLP 13333 - 2nd Street Suite 400 Santa Monica, CA 90401 310-883-6400 Fax: 310-883-6500 Email: jmotlagh@cooley.com LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Munmeeth Kaur Soni Immigrant Defenders Law Center 634 Spring Street 10th Floor Los Angeles, CA 90014 213-634-7602 Fax: 213-282-3133 Email: meeth@immdef.org LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
William V O'Connor , Jr Cooley LLP 4401 Eastgate Mall San Diego, CA 92121 858-550-6000 Fax: 858-550-6420 Email: woconnor@cooley.com ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
represented by Nicolette Glazer Law Offices of Larry R. Glazer 1999 Avenue of the Stars No. 1100 Century City, CA 90067 310-407-5353 Fax: 310-407-5354

Intervenor Sandra Cervantes Gomez
Intervenor Pablo Tapia Cruz
Intervenor Caesar Galvan
Intervenor Ivan Rene Ledezma
Intervenor Salvadore Chavez Gonzalez
Intervenor Daniel Alverto Varela Reyes
Date Filed # Docket Text

Email: nicolette@glazerandglazer.com LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
represented by Nicolette Glazer (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
represented by Nicolette Glazer (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
represented by Nicolette Glazer (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
represented by Nicolette Glazer (See above for address) LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
represented by Joseph A Trigilio Federal Public Defender 321 East 2nd Street Los Angeles, CA 90012 213-894-7525 Fax: 213-894-1221 Email: joseph_trigilio@fd.org LEAD ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
represented by Joseph A Trigilio (See above for address) ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

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1 PETITION for Writ of Habeas Corpus and COMPLAINT by a Person in Federal Custody (28 USC 2241), Receipt No. ACACDC-26069838 for $5 filing fee, filed by plaintiffs Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez. (Attorney Amanda Barnett added to party Miguel Aguilar Estrada(pty:pla), Attorney Amanda Barnett added to party Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez (pty:pla), Attorney Amanda Barnett added to party Kelvin Hernandez Roman(pty:pla))(Barnett, Amanda) Modified on 5/8/2020 (shb). (Entered: 04/13/2020)
2 CIVIL COVER SHEET filed by Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/13/2020)
3 NOTICE of Related Case(s) filed by plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. Related Case(s): 5:20-cv-00605-TJH; 5:20-cv-00590-TJH; 5:20-cv-00617-TJH; 5:20-cv-00625-TJH; 5:20-cv-00626-TJH; 5:20-cv-00627-TJH; 5:20-cv00646-TJH; 5:20-cv-00650-TJH; 5:20-cv-00653-TJH; and 5:20-cv00668-TJH (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/13/2020)
4 NOTICE of Interested Parties filed by plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, identifying Kelvin Hernandez Roman; Miguel Aguilar Estrada; Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez; Chad F. Wolf; Matthew T. Albence; David Marin; and James Janecka. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/13/2020)
5 NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Certify Class / Notice of Motion and Motion for Provisional Class Certification filed by plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum of Points and Authorities in Support, # 2 Declaration of Jessica K. Bansal, # 3 Proposed Order) (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/13/2020)
6 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding PlaintiffPetitioner Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez filed by plaintiff Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum of Points and Authorities, # 2 Proposed Order, # 3 Proposed Order to Show Cause) (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/13/2020)
7 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding PlaintiffPetitioner Kelvin Hernandez Roman filed by plaintiff Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum of Points and Authorities, # 2 Proposed Order, # 3 Proposed Order to Show Cause) (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/13/2020)
8 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding PlaintiffPetitioner Miguel Aguilar Estrada filed by plaintiff Miguel Aguilar

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Estrada. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum of Points and Authorities, # 2 Proposed Order, # 3 Proposed Order to Show Cause) (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/13/2020)
9 NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . Motion filed by plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum of Points and Authorities, # 2 Declaration of Robert B. Greifinger, MD, # 3 Declaration of Todd William Schneberk, MD, # 4 Declaration of Christina Avalos, # 5 Declaration of Ruth Calvillo, # 6 Declaration of Erika Roman, # 7 Declaration of Lesly Gaona, # 8 Declaration of Charleston Edward Dacoff, # 9 Declaration of Jose Antonio Hernandez Velasquez, # 10 Declaration of Luis Lopez Salgado, # 11 Declaration of Paola Rayon Vite, # 12 Declaration of Jose Neftali Robles Rodriguez, # 13 Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal, # 14 Proposed Order) (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
10 EX PARTE APPLICATION to Expedite hearing on Emergency Motions for Provisional Class Certification and Class-wide Preliminary Injunction filed by plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order) (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
11 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re EX PARTE APPLICATION to Expedite hearing on Emergency Motions for Provisional Class Certification and Class-wide Preliminary Injunction 10 , EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding Plaintiff-Petitioner Kelvin Hernandez Roman 7 , EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding Plaintiff-Petitioner Miguel Aguilar Estrada 8 , EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding Plaintiff-Petitioner Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez 6 served on 04/14/2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
12 NOTICE OF REFERENCE to a U.S. Magistrate Judge. This case has been assigned to the calendar of the Honorable District Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr and referred to Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo, who is authorized to consider preliminary matters and conduct all further hearings as may be appropriate or necessary. Pursuant to Local Rule 832.4, the Court must be notified within five (5) days of any address change. See notice for additional details. (car) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
13 NOTICE OF PRO HAC VICE APPLICATION DUE for Non-Resident Attorney Samir Deger-Sen. A document recently filed in this case lists you as an out-of-state attorney of record. However, the Court has not been

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able to locate any record that you are admitted to the Bar of this Court, and you have not filed an application to appear Pro Hac Vice in this case. Accordingly, within 5 business days of the date of this notice, you must either (1) have your local counsel file an application to appear Pro Hac Vice (Form G-64) and pay the applicable fee, or (2) complete the next section of this form and return it to the court at cacd_attyadm@cacd.uscourts.gov. You have been removed as counsel of record from the docket in this case, and you will not be added back to the docket until your Pro Hac Vice status has been resolved. (car) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
14 NOTICE OF PRO HAC VICE APPLICATION DUE for Non-Resident Attorney William M. Friedman. A document recently filed in this case lists you as an out-of-state attorney of record. However, the Court has not been able to locate any record that you are admitted to the Bar of this Court, and you have not filed an application to appear Pro Hac Vice in this case. Accordingly, within 5 business days of the date of this notice, you must either (1) have your local counsel file an application to appear Pro Hac Vice (Form G-64) and pay the applicable fee, or (2) complete the next section of this form and return it to the court at cacd_attyadm@cacd.uscourts.gov. You have been removed as counsel of record from the docket in this case, and you will not be added back to the docket until your Pro Hac Vice status has been resolved. (car) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
15 Notice of Appearance or Withdrawal of Counsel: for attorney Amanda Barnett counsel for Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. Adding Amanda Barnett as counsel of record for Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez for the reason indicated in the G-123 Notice. Filed by Petitioners Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
16 Notice of Appearance or Withdrawal of Counsel: for attorney Jessie Alice Cammack counsel for Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. Adding Jessie Alice Cammack as counsel of record for Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez for the reason indicated in the G123 Notice. Filed by Petitioners Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez. (Cammack, Jessie) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
17 APPLICATION of Non-Resident Attorney William M. Friedman to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman (Pro Hac Vice Fee - $400 Fee Paid, Receipt No. ACACDC-26079941) filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez,

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Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order) (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
18 APPLICATION of Non-Resident Attorney Samir Deger-Sen to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman (Pro Hac Vice Fee $400 Fee Paid, Receipt No. ACACDC-26080030) filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order) (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
19 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS - NEW CASE BEFORE JUDGE HATTER: This action has been assigned to the calendar of the HONORABLE TERRY J. HATTER, JR., United States District Judge. Please include the initials TJH in all documents pertaining to this case, as documents are routed using the judges initials, it is imperative that the correct initials TJH be used on all subsequent filings to prevent any delays in the processing of documents. Judge Hatter's Courtroom Deputy Clerk is Yolanda Skipper. She can be reached at (213) 894-5276. Counsel shall not attempt to contact the Court or its chambers staff by telephone or by any other ex parte means, although counsel may contact the Courtroom Deputy, Yolanda Skipper, at: yolanda_skipper@cacd.uscourts.gov, with appropriate inquiries. Judge Hatters courtroom is located on the 9th Floor, at 350 W. 1st Street, United States Courthouse, Courtroom,No. 9B. Respondents are to file their opposition to the Temporary Restraining Order by no later than 5 pm, April 15, 2020. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
20 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Granting 17 Non-Resident Attorney William M Friedman APPLICATION to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, designating Amanda Barnett as local counsel. (shb) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
21 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Granting 18 Non-Resident Attorney Samir Deger-Sen APPLICATION to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, designating Amanda Barnett as local counsel. (shb) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
22 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS-ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, the Petitioners, or counsel, shall file, as soon as possible, supplemental declarations setting forth the address of where each Petitioner would reside, with whom each Petitioner would reside, and how each Petitioner would be transported to each residence, if the Court grants the requested relief. After filing, a copy of the declarations shall be emailed to TJH_chambers@cacd.uscourts.gov. (shb) (Entered: 04/14/2020)

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23 Joint STIPULATION to Expedite BRIEFING SCHEDULE ON EMERGENCY MOTIONS FOR PROVISIONAL CLASS CERTIFICATION AND CLASS-WIDE PRELIMINARY INJUNCTIVE RELIEF filed by Plaintiffs-Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
24 Notice of Appearance or Withdrawal of Counsel: for attorney Daniel A Beck counsel for Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. Adding Daniel A. Beck as counsel of record for Chad R. Wolf, Acting Secretary, U.S. Dep't of Homeland Security; Matthew T. Albence, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing the Duties of the Director, U.S. ICE; David Marin, Director of Los Angeles Field Office, ERO; and James Janecka, in his official capacity as Warden for the reason indicated in the G-123 Notice. Filed by Respondents Chad R. Wolf, Acting Secretary, U.S. Dep't of Homeland Security; Matthew T. Albence, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing the Duties of the Director, U.S. ICE; David Marin, Director of Los Angeles Field Office, ERO; and James Janecka, in his official capacity as Warden. (Attorney Daniel A Beck added to party Matthew T. Albence(pty:res), Attorney Daniel A Beck added to party James Janecka(pty:res), Attorney Daniel A Beck added to party David Marin(pty:res), Attorney Daniel A Beck added to party Chad F. Wolf(pty:res))(Beck, Daniel) (Entered: 04/14/2020)
25 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the stipulation regarding Petitioners' ex parte application to expedite the hearing on Petitioners; motion for provisional class certification and a class-wide preliminary injunction. IT IS ORDERED that Respondents' opposition papers, if any, shall be filed by 2:00 p.m. on April 18, 2020, and Petitioners' reply papers, if any shall be filed by 9:00 p.m. on April 20, 2020; the motions will then stand submitted without arguments. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the parties shall file proposed Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law for the class-wide preliminary injunction by Noon on April 21, 2020. (shb) (Entered: 04/15/2020)
26 DECLARATION of Jessica Karp Bansal re Minutes of In Chambers Order/Directive - no proceeding held,, 22 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 04/15/2020)
27 OPPOSITION re: EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding Plaintiff-Petitioner Kelvin Hernandez Roman 7 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Rogelio Torres, # 2 Declaration of Gabriel Valdez, # 3 Declaration of Daniel A. Beck)(Attorney Hillary Morgan Burrelle added to party Matthew T. Albence(pty:res), Attorney

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Hillary Morgan Burrelle added to party James Janecka(pty:res), Attorney Hillary Morgan Burrelle added to party David Marin(pty:res), Attorney Hillary Morgan Burrelle added to party Chad F. Wolf(pty:res))(Burrelle, Hillary) (Entered: 04/15/2020)
28 OPPOSITION re: EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding Plaintiff-Petitioner Miguel Aguilar Estrada 8 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Gil O. Montes, # 2 Declaration of Gabriel Valdez, # 3 Declaration of Daniel A. Beck)(Burrelle, Hillary) (Entered: 04/15/2020)
29 OPPOSITION re: EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding Plaintiff-Petitioner Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez 6 Declaration of Yestin Cuesta, Declaration of Gabriel Valdez, and Declaration of Daniel A. Beck filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Yestin Cuesta, # 2 Declaration of Gabriel Valdez, # 3 Declaration of Daniel A. Beck)(Beck, Daniel) (Entered: 04/15/2020)
30 REPLY in support of EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding Plaintiff-Petitioner Miguel Aguilar Estrada 8 filed by Petitioner Miguel Aguilar Estrada. (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 04/15/2020)
31 REPLY in support of EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding Plaintiff-Petitioner Kelvin Hernandez Roman 7 filed by Petitioner Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 04/15/2020)
32 REPLY in support of EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding Plaintiff-Petitioner Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez 6 filed by Petitioner Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez. (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 04/15/2020)
33 TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER AND ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. It is Ordered that the application for a temporary restraining order be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall, by 5:00 p.m. on April 17, 2020, release Petitioner Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez from custody pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that Petitioner shall not violate any federal, state or local laws after released from custody pursuant to this order. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall show cause, if they have any, as to why the Court should not issue a preliminary injunction in

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this case. Respondents response, if any, to this order to show cause shall be filed by Noon on April 24, 2020. Petitioners reply, if any, to Respondents response shall be filed by Noon on April 29, 2020. The matter will then stand submitted. (shb) (Entered: 04/16/2020)
34 TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER AND ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. Based on the incorporated factual and legal grounds, and the facts and arguments presented, here, It is Ordered that the application for a temporary restraining order be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall, by 5:00 p.m. on April 17, 2020, release Petitioner Miguel Aguilar Estrada from custody pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that Petitioner shall not violate any federal, state or local laws, or use or possess alcohol or illegal drugs after released from custody pursuant to this order. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall show cause, if they have any, as to why the Court should not issue a preliminary injunction in this case. Respondents response, if any, to this order to show cause shall be filed by Noon on April 24, 2020. Petitioners reply, if any, to Respondents response shall be filed by Noon on April 29, 2020. The matter will then stand submitted. (shb) (Entered: 04/16/2020)
35 SEALED - TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER AND ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE 7 (bm) (Entered: 04/16/2020)
36 NOTICE of Appearance filed by attorney Jeffrey S Robins on behalf of Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf (Attorney Jeffrey S Robins added to party Matthew T. Albence(pty:res), Attorney Jeffrey S Robins added to party James Janecka(pty:res), Attorney Jeffrey S Robins added to party David Marin(pty:res), Attorney Jeffrey S Robins added to party Chad F. Wolf(pty:res))(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 04/18/2020)
37 MEMORANDUM in Opposition to NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . Motion 9 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration, # 2 Evidentiary Objections)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 04/18/2020)
38 MEMORANDUM in Opposition to NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Certify Class / Notice of Motion and Motion for Provisional Class Certification 5 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration, # 2 Evidentiary Objections)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 04/18/2020)
39 NOTICE of errata filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 04/18/2020)
40 REPLY in support of NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Certify Class / Notice of Motion and Motion for Provisional Class

04/20/2020 04/20/2020
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Certification 5 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Munmeeth Kaur Soni in Support)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/20/2020)
41 NOTICE OF LODGING filed re NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . Motion 9 (Attachments: # 1 [Alternate Proposed] Order Granting Motion for Preliminary Injunction, # 2 [Second Alternate Proposed] Order Granting Motion for Preliminary Injunction, # 3 Exhibit A, # 4 Exhibit B, # 5 Exhibit C)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/20/2020)
42 REPLY in support of NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . Motion 9 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Supplemental Declaration of Todd William Schneberk, M.D., # 2 Supplemental Declaration of Robert B. Greifinger, M.D., # 3 March 31, 2020 Declaration of Robert B. Greifinger, M.D., # 4 Declaration of Kelvin Estiven Hernandez Roman, # 5 Declaration of Miguel Aguilar Estrada, # 6 Declaration of Beatriz Forero Chavez)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/20/2020)
43 NOTICE OF LODGING filed re Order,,, Set/Reset Deadlines,,, Set/Reset Motion Hearing and R&R Deadlines,, 25 (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 04/21/2020)
44 NOTICE Proposed Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law filed by Defendants Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 04/21/2020)
45 NOTICE OF LODGING filed of Amendments to Original Proposed Order re NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . Motion 9 (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Amended Original Proposed Order, # 2 Exhibit B - Alternate Proposed Order, # 3 Exhibit C - Second Alternate Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 04/21/2020)
46 EX PARTE APPLICATION to Strike New and Amended Proposed Orders, Additonal Declarations, and Arguments Based Thereon Notice of Lodging, 41 , Reply (Motion related), 40 , Reply (Motion related),, 42 , Notice of Lodging, 45 filed by Defendants Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order) (Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 04/21/2020)
47 OPPOSITION re: EX PARTE APPLICATION to Strike New and Amended Proposed Orders, Additonal Declarations, and Arguments Based Thereon Notice of Lodging, 41 , Reply (Motion related), 40 , Reply (Motion related),, 42 , Notice of Lodging, 45 46 filed by

04/22/2020 04/22/2020 04/23/2020 04/23/2020
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Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 04/22/2020)
48 NOTICE of Appearance (Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 04/22/2020)
49 MINUTES IN CHAMBERS-ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: the defendant's ex-parte application 46 to strike is hereby denied and grants leave to file a sur-reply. The sur-reply must be filed by no later than 10am PST on April 23, 2020. (jp) (Entered: 04/22/2020)
50 Sur-Reply re NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Certify Class / Notice of Motion and Motion for Provisional Class Certification 5 , NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION for Preliminary Injunction . Motion 9 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 04/23/2020)
51 NOTICE TO FILER OF DEFICIENCIES in Electronically Filed Documents RE: Notice of Appearance 48 . The following error(s) was/were found: Incorrect event selected. Correct event to be used is: Civil Events Other Filings Notices Notice of Appearance or Withdrawal of Counsel (G-123). In response to this notice, the Court may: (1) order an amended or correct document to be filed; (2) order the document stricken; or (3) take other action as the Court deems appropriate. You need not take any action in response to this notice unless and until the Court directs you to do so. (shb) (Entered: 04/23/2020)
52 PROVISIONAL CLASS CERTIFICATION ORDER, 5 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the motion to provisionally certify this case as a Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(2) class action be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that the class shall be defined to include all people who: (1) Are currently detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center; (2) Were detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center at any time between March 23, 2020, and the final disposition of this case but have been transferred by BICE to another immigration detention facility, regardless of whether the other detention facility is within the Central District of California; or (3) Were detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center at any time between March 23, 2020, and the final disposition of this case but have been released pursuant to a temporary restraining order, a preliminary injunction, or other temporary release order issued by this Court. It is further Ordered that Petitioners be, and hereby are, Appointed to represent the class. It is further Ordered that Ahilan Arulanantham, Jessica Karp Bansal, Michelle (Minju) Cho and Michael Kaufmann, all of the ACLU of Southern California, be, and hereby are, Appointed as class counsel. It is further

04/23/2020 04/23/2020 04/23/2020
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Ordered that the related cases of class members who have previously filed, or who will file, their own cases seeking habeas relief, injunctive relief and/or declaratory relief regarding the conditions of their confinement at Adelanto related to COVID-19 be, and hereby are, Stayed pending resolution of this class action. The Court will issue stay orders in those related cases. (shb) (Entered: 04/23/2020)
53 FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW signed by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. See order for details. (shb) (Entered: 04/23/2020)
54 RESPONSE filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolfto Temporary Restraining Order,,,, Order to Show Cause,,, 33 , Order on Motion for Temporary Restraining Order 35 , Temporary Restraining Order,,,,, Order to Show Cause,,,, 34 AS TO WHY A PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION SHOULD NOT BE ISSUED (Burrelle, Hillary) (Entered: 04/23/2020)
55 PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION, 9 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr.: IT IS ORDERED that the motion be, and hereby is GRANTED. IT S FURTHER ORDERED that the basis for this Preliminary Injunction is set forth separately issued Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents' request for a stay of this Preliminary Injunction pending appeal, be and hereby is DENIED. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that, pending a final resolution of this case or further order fo the Court; 1. Adelanto shall not accept any new detainees. 2. Respondents shall immediately reduce the detainee population at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center [Adelanto] to such a level that would allow the remaining detainees to maintain a social distance of 6 feet from each other at all times and at all places, including while sleeping, eating, showering, and going about other daily activities, except when there is a medical necessity or a safety emergency. 3. Respondents shall begin to reduce Adelantos detainee population forthwith and shall complete the task by May 4, 2020. The Court will not issue any additional Temporary Restraining Orders or Preliminary Injunctions for class members in separately filed cases as this class action was certified as a no opt out class action under Fed. R Civ. P. 23(b)(2). Class counsel shall, with the cooperation of Respondents, provide the best notice possible regarding the certification of this class action and the issuance of this Preliminary Injunction to class members, and their separate counsel, for those class members who may have separate counsel. No bond shall be required for this Preliminary Injunction. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 04/23/2020)
56 NOTICE OF APPEAL to the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals filed by Defendants Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. Appeal of Order on Motion to Certify Class Action,,,,,,, 52 , Preliminary Injunction,,,,,, 55 , Findings of Fact & Conclusions of Law 53 . (Appeal Fee - Not Required for US Goverment.) (Attachments:

04/24/2020 04/24/2020 04/24/2020 04/25/2020 04/25/2020
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# 1 Exhibit Order-Class Certification, # 2 Exhibit PI Findings of Fact Conclusions of Law, # 3 Exhibit Order - Preliminary Injunction)(Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 04/24/2020)
57 REPRESENTATION STATEMENT re Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals,, 56 . (Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 04/24/2020)
58 NOTICE regarding Plaintiffs attempts to comply with preliminary injunction filed by Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 04/24/2020)
60 NOTIFICATION from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals of case number assigned and briefing schedule. Appeal Docket No. 20-55436 assigned to Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals,, 56 as to respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (mat) (Entered: 04/27/2020)
59 RESPONSE filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolfto Notice (Other) 58 (Attachments: # 1 Declaration)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 04/25/2020)
61 ORDER from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals filed re: Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, 56 filed by David Marin, Chad F. Wolf, Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka. CCA # 20-55436. The court has received appellants' emergency motion for an administrative stay and appellees opposition. The request for an immediate administrative stay is granted. The district court's April 23, 2020 preliminary injunction order is temporarily stayed pending further court order. [See document for all details.] (mat) (Entered: 04/27/2020)
62 REPLY in support of EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding Plaintiff-Petitioner Kelvin Hernandez Roman 7 , EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding Plaintiff-Petitioner Miguel Aguilar Estrada 8 , EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to why a Preliminary Injunction should not be issued regarding Plaintiff-Petitioner Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez 6 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 04/29/2020)
63 REPLY filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman to Temporary Restraining Order,,,, Order to Show Cause,,, 33 , Order on Motion for Temporary Restraining Order 35 , Temporary Restraining Order,,,,, Order to Show Cause,,,, 34 (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 04/29/2020)

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64 NOTICE OF ERRATA filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. correcting Reply (Motion related),, 62 (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 04/29/2020)
65 DESIGNATION of Record on Appeal by defendants Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf re 56 (MercadoSantana, Victor) (Entered: 05/01/2020)
66 Joint STIPULATION for Order TO MODIFY CONDITIONS OF RELEASE SET FORTH IN TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER FOR PETITIONER-PLAINTIFF KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration, # 2 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 05/01/2020)
67 SCHEDULING ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: After reviewing the case file, the Court sets the following briefing schedule on the class's petition for writ of habeas corpus; The Government's opposition to the petition shall be filed by May 12, 2020. Petitioners' reply shall be filed by May 15, 2020. The matter will then stand submitted. (shb) (Entered: 05/05/2020)
70 SEALED SEALED DOCUMENT-ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION TO MODIFY CONDITIONS OF RELEASE SET FORTH IN TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER FOR PETITIONER-PLAINTIFF KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN 66 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr, (pj) (Entered: 05/06/2020)
73 ORDER from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals filed re: Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, 56 filed by David Marin, Chad F. Wolf, Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka. CCA # 20-55436. Appellants' Emergency Motion for Stay Pending Appeal is granted in part and denied in part. The district court's preliminary injunction is stayed, except as follows: [See document]. The motion of Nikolas Bowie and others to file a brief amicus curiae in opposition to the motion to stay is granted. [See document for complete details.] (mat) (Entered: 05/08/2020)
69 Request for Clerk to Issue Summons on Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus, 1 filed by Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 05/06/2020)
71 NOTICE TO FILER OF DEFICIENCIES in Electronically Filed Documents RE: Summons Request 69 . The following error(s) was/were found: Summons are not issued on Petitions for Writ of Habeas Corpus In response to this notice, the Court may: (1) order an amended or correct document to be filed; (2) order the document stricken; or (3) take other action as the Court deems appropriate. You need not take any action in response to this notice unless and until the Court directs you to do so. (shb) (Entered: 05/07/2020)

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72 EX PARTE APPLICATION to Expedite Discovery filed by PetitionersPlaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum, # 2 Bansal Declaration and Exhibits, # 3 Proposed Order) (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 05/07/2020)
74 NOTICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. PETITIONERSPLAINTIFFS' NOTICE OF FILING AMENDED EXPEDITED INTERROGATORIES, AMENDED EXPEDITED REQUESTS FOR PRODUCTION AND AMENDED PROPOSED ORDER GRANTING EX PARTE APPLICATION FOR EXPEDITED DISCOVERY (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-C)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 05/08/2020)
75 Request for Clerk to Issue Summons on Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus,, 1 filed by Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 05/08/2020)
76 60 DAY Summons Issued re Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus and Complaint, 1 as to Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (shb) (Entered: 05/08/2020)
77 Opposition opposition re: EX PARTE APPLICATION to Expedite Discovery 72 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration)(MercadoSantana, Victor) (Entered: 05/08/2020)
78 REPLY in support of EX PARTE APPLICATION to Expedite Discovery 72 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 05/09/2020)
79 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Re EX PARTE APPLICATION FOR EXPEDITED DISCOVERY, 72 . IT IS ORDERED that the application is GRANTED. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that, if Respondents have any objections to the nature of Petitioners' early discovery requests, Respondents should follow Local Rule 37 to raise objections, on an expedited basis, with Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court will entertain a stipulation or application to modify the briefing schedule on Petitioners' writ of habeas corpus to permit Judge Castillo sufficient time to consider any discovery dispute or discovery scheduling issue. (shb) (Entered: 05/11/2020)
80 Joint STIPULATION for Order Modifying Briefing Schedule filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 05/12/2020)

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81 ORDER RE: JOINT STIPULATION TO MODIFY BRIEFING SCHEDULE ON PETITIONERS WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS [ECF NO. 67] 80 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the Parties Joint Stipulation is GRANTED as follows: 1. Respondents response to the petition for a writ of habeas corpus will be due on May 15, 2020. 2. Petitioners reply will be due May 21, 2020. (shb) (Entered: 05/14/2020)
82 **STRICKEN PER ORDER 84 ANSWER to Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus,, 1 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration Declaration of Gabriel Valdez)(Robins, Jeffrey) Modified on 5/20/2020 (yl). (Entered: 05/15/2020)
83 EX PARTE APPLICATION to Lift Stay re Class Member Jeronimo Osorio's Case filed by Plaintiffs-Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Proposed Order) (Arulanantham, Ahilan) (Entered: 05/19/2020)
84 MINUTES: IN CHAMBERS-ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, the answer 82 is hereby stricken from the record. Respondent may re-file the answer as a separate document and may re-file a noticed motion to dismiss with a hearing date, which will be then taken under submission as of the hearing date selected. IT IS SO ORDERED. (yl) (Entered: 05/20/2020)
85 ANSWER to Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus,, 1 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 05/20/2020)
86 OPPOSITION re: EX PARTE APPLICATION to Lift Stay re Class Member Jeronimo Osorio's Case 83 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Beck, Daniel) (Entered: 05/20/2020)
87 REPLY filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman to Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus,, 1 / Traverse and Reply in Support of Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Amanda Barnett in Support, # 2 Exhibit 1, # 3 Exhibit 2, # 4 Exhibit 3, # 5 Second Supplemental Declaration of Robert B. Greifinger, M.D. in Support, # 6 Second Supplemental Declaration of Todd William Schneberk, M.D. in Support, # 7 Declaration of Caitlin Patler, PH.D. in Support, # 8 Exhibit A, # 9 Declaration of Hilda Noemi Zecena Sanchez in Support, # 10 Declaration of Rot Mythong in Support, # 11 Declaration of Karapet Davtan in Support, # 12 Declaration of David Nahman in Support, # 13 Declaration of Luis Yboy Flores in Support, # 14 Declaration of

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Antonio Ortega Osorio in Support, # 15 Declaration of V. Mitch McEwen in Support, # 16 Exhibit A, # 17 Exhibit B, # 18 Exhibit C)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 05/21/2020)
88 EX PARTE APPLICATION to Strike New Evidence and Related Argument Submitted with Traverse and Reply Reply,,,, 87 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order) (Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 05/22/2020)
89 OPPOSITION re: EX PARTE APPLICATION to Strike New Evidence and Related Argument Submitted with Traverse and Reply Reply,,,, 87 88 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 05/26/2020)
90 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: re 88 EX PARTE APPLICATION TO STRIKE NEW EVIDENCE AND ARGUMENTS CONTAINED IN PETITIONER'S TRAVERSE OR IN THE ALTERNATIVE FOR LEAVE TO FILE SUR REPLY TO THE TRAVERSE. IT IS ORDERED that the ex parte application be, and hereby is, DENIED. (shb) (Entered: 05/27/2020)
91 Joint STIPULATION for Protective Order filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Protective Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 05/27/2020)
92 PROTECTIVE ORDER by Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo re Stipulation for Protective Order 91 . (see document for details) (hr) (Entered: 05/28/2020)
93 Notice of Appearance or Withdrawal of Counsel: for attorney Hans Chen counsel for Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. Adding Hans H. Chen as counsel of record for CHAD F. WOLF, et al. for the reason indicated in the G-123 Notice. Filed by Respondents CHAD F. WOLF, et al.. (Attorney Hans Chen added to party Matthew T. Albence(pty:res), Attorney Hans Chen added to party James Janecka(pty:res), Attorney Hans Chen added to party David Marin(pty:res), Attorney Hans Chen added to party Chad F. Wolf(pty:res))(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 05/29/2020)
94 NOTICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. NOTICE OF FIRST CONFIRMED CASE OF COVID-19 AMONG ADELANTO DETAINEES (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 05/29/2020)
95 NOTICE OF SECOND CONFIRMED CASE OF COVID-19 AMONG ADELANTO DETAINEES filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar

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Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 06/01/2020)
96 SCHEDULING ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. The Court has considered the evidence and arguments presented in favor of and against Petitioners petition for a writ of habeas corpus. The Court will combine the evidentiary hearing on Petitioners petition for a writ of habeas corpus with a court trial on Petitioners claims for injunctive and declaratory relief. Each side will be allowed 8 hours to present their case. The time limit includes all aspects of the case, including opening statements, direct and cross examinations, arguments on objections, and closing arguments. In lieu of closing arguments, the parties may file closing briefs, of no more than 25 pages, no later than ten days afterthe conclusion of the evidentiary hearing and trial. The following dates are subject to change by the Court in response to the COVID-19 pandemic; at this time, it is unclear as to when the First Street Courthouse will re-open for evidentiary hearings and court trials for civil cases. Discovery cut-off 7/31/2020., Substantive Motion Filing Deadline by 8/10/2020., Motions in Limine Filing Deadline filed by 8/27/2020., Evidentiary Hearing and Court Trial set for 10/6/2020 at 10:00 a.m., Final Pretrial Conference set for 9/14/2020 at 10:00 a.m. While the Ninth Circuit has not yet reached the issue, it is clear to the Court that it has the inherent authority, at least in extraordinary cases, to release detainees on bail during the pendency of their habeas petitions. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 06/01/2020)
97 ORDER SETTING FINAL PRE-TRIAL CONFERENCE AND REFERRING DISCOVERY by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr.: It is Ordered that all discovery matters which become at issue are referred to Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo for her/his consideration. Please contact the courtroom deputy clerk to the Magistrate Judge regarding these matters. It is Ordered, pursuant to Rule 16 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedures and Local Rule 16, that the Final Pre-Trial Conference is placed on the Courts calendar for SEPTEMBER 14, 2020 at 10:00 a.m. in Courtroom No. 9B in the U. S. Courthouse on First Street. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 06/01/2020)
98 NOTICE Response to Petitioners' Notices filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 06/01/2020)
99 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered Alejandro Jeronimo Osorios motion to lift the stay in CV 20-816 TJH, together with the moving and opposing papers. It is Ordered that the motion be, and hereby is, Denied. (shb) (Entered: 06/03/2020)
100 Joint STIPULATION for Order for BRIEFING SCHEDULE ON PLAINTIFFS-PETITIONERS' MOTION FOR CLASS-WIDE BAIL

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filed by Plaintiffs-Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 06/04/2020)
101 ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION RE: BRIEFING SCHEDULE ON PLAINTIFFS PETITIONERS MOTION FOR CLASSWIDE BAIL 100 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Stipulation is hereby GRANTED. The briefing schedule for Plaintiff-Petitioners Class-Wide Motion for Bail is as follows: 1. Petitioners Motion: June 5, 2020. 2. Respondents Opposition: June 11, 2020. 3. Petitioners Reply: June 15, 2020. (shb) (Entered: 06/05/2020)
102 NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION for Order for Class-Wide Bail filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum, # 2 Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal, # 3 Proposed Order) (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 06/05/2020)
103 MINUTES IN CHAMBERS-ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court finds that Plaintiffs'-Petitioners' Motion for Class-Wide Bail 102 , filed on June 5, 2020, is appropriate for decision without oral argument. Accordingly, this motion is taken UNDER SUBMISSION and the hearing is vacated. No appearances are necessary. A written order will issue. (shb) (Entered: 06/09/2020)
104 STRICKEN PER ORDER 107 - NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION TO INTERVENE re NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION for Order for Class-Wide Bail 102 filed by Intervenor Plaintiff Daniel Alejandro Cardenas Leal. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order Granting Motion to Intervene)(Attorney William V O'Connor, Jr added to party Daniel Alejandro Cardenas Leal(pty:intvp))(O'Connor, William) Modified on 6/11/2020 (shb). (Entered: 06/10/2020)
105 NOTICE TO FILER OF DEFICIENCIES in Electronically Filed Documents RE: Motion Related Document, 104 . The following error(s) was/were found: Incorrect event selected. Correct event to be used is: Civil Events - select - Civil Events Motions and Related Filings Applications/Ex Parte Applications/Motions/Petitions/Requests - select select Motion - select - Intervene. In response to this notice, the Court may: (1) order an amended or correct document to be filed; (2) order the document stricken; or (3) take other action as the Court deems appropriate. You need not take any action in response to this notice unless and until the Court directs you to do so. (shb) (Entered: 06/10/2020)
106 NOTICE filed by defendants Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration)(Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 06/11/2020)
107 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS - ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES RE NOTICE TO FILER OF DEFICIENCIES, 105 by Judge Terry J.

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Hatter, Jr: The Court hereby orders the Notice of Motion and Motion to Intervene. 104 be STRICKEN for failure to correct the filing event, and for failure to identify the submission date in the caption. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 06/11/2020)
108 NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene filed by Petitioner, Intervenor Daniel Alejandro Cardenas Leal. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order Granting Motion to Intervene) (O'Connor, William) (Entered: 06/11/2020)
109 OPPOSITION to NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION for Order for Class-Wide Bail 102 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration Declaration of Gabriel Valdez June 11, 2020)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 06/11/2020)
110 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the motion of Daniel Alejandro Cardenas Leal to intervene, {Dkt. 108]. IT IS ORDERED that the motion, be, and hereby is, STRICKEN for failure to comply with Local Rules 6-1 or 7-19.1, and 7-3. (shb) (Entered: 06/15/2020)
111 REPLY in Support of NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION for Order for Class-Wide Bail 102 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal, # 2 Amended Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 06/15/2020)
112 EX PARTE APPLICATION to file document Exhibits 1-2 in Support of Petitioners' Reply in Support of Motion for Class-Wide Bail under seal filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal, # 2 Redacted Exhibits 1-2, # 3 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 06/15/2020)
113 SEALED DECLARATION IN SUPPORT OF EX PARTE APPLICATION to file document Exhibits 1-2 in Support of Petitioners' Reply in Support of Motion for Class-Wide Bail under seal 112 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Unredacted Document)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 06/15/2020)
114 PROOF OF SERVICE Executed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, upon Respondents-Defendants Matthew T. Albence served on 5/11/2020, answer due 7/10/2020; James Janecka served on 5/11/2020, answer due 7/10/2020; David Marin served on 5/11/2020, answer due 7/10/2020; Chad F. Wolf served on 5/11/2020, answer due 7/10/2020. Service of the Summons and Complaint were executed upon the United States Attorneys Office by delivering a copy to the Civil Process Clerk. The Attorney

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Generals Office of the United States was NOT served. Executed upon the officer agency or corporation by delivering a copy to Daniel A. Beck and Hillary Burrelle. Service was executed in compliance with Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Due diligence declaration NOT attached. Registered or certified mail return receipt NOT attached. Original Summons NOT returned. The Attorney Generals Office was not served because counsel for Respondents-Defendants were served directly. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 06/16/2020)
115 NOTICE filed by defendants Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration)(Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 06/16/2020)
116 ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFFS-PETITIONERS EX PARTE APPLICATION FOR UNDER SEAL FILING, 112 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Petitioners' Ex Parte Application for Under Seal Filing, the application is GRANTED. Exhibits 1 and 2 to the Declaration of Jessica Bansal in Support of Petitioners' Ex Parte Application for Under Seal Filing are hereby SEALED. (shb) (Entered: 06/16/2020)
117 SEALED DOCUMENT Exhibits 1-2 in Support of Petitioners' Reply in Support of Motion for Class-Wide Bail re Reply (Motion related), 111 , Order on Motion for Leave to File Document Under Seal, 116 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 06/16/2020)
118 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr re 102 MOTION for Class-Wide Bail. It is Ordered that the motion for class-wide bail be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that the Court will proceed to make individualized bail determinations for each class member. It is further Ordered that counsel shall meet and confer forthwith and endeavor to reach a consensus as to the process the Court should employ to make the individualized bail determinations. If the parties cannot reach a consensus, the Court will issue an order setting forth the process it will employ. It is further Ordered that the parties shall file a joint status report by Noon on June 18, 2020, setting forth their proposed consensus or a statement that they were unable to reach a consensus. It is further Ordered that the Governments request for a stay be, and hereby is, Denied. (shb) Modified on 6/17/2020 (shb). (Entered: 06/17/2020)
119 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. Issues regarding the use and effects of toxic cleaning chemicals at Adelanto have in, inter alia, Moreno, et al v United States Department of Homeland Security, CV20-01136-DOC (JDEx), and Goodwin v Wolf, et al CV20-01185-TJH (PDx), in connection with their Fifth Amendment substantive due process claims. The parties shall meet and confer to determine whether the class claims, here, are sufficiently broad to encompass those issues. If the parties agree that the class claims, here, are sufficiently broad to encompass those issues, the parties shall file a joint status report by June 19, 2020. If the

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parties cannot agree whether the class claims, here, are sufficiently broad encompass those issues, then the parties shall each file a brief with their respective positions by June 26, 2020. (shb) (Entered: 06/17/2020)
120 Joint STIPULATION for Protective Order filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 06/17/2020)
121 Notice of Appearance or Withdrawal of Counsel: for attorney Kyle A Virgien counsel for Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. Adding Kyle A. Virgien as counsel of record for Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez for the reason indicated in the G-123 Notice. Filed by Plaintiffs-Petitioners Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez. (Attorney Kyle A Virgien added to party Miguel Aguilar Estrada(pty:pet), Attorney Kyle A Virgien added to party Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez (pty:pet), Attorney Kyle A Virgien added to party Kelvin Hernandez Roman(pty:pet))(Virgien, Kyle) (Entered: 06/18/2020)
122 REVISED PROTECTIVE ORDER by Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo re Stipulation for Revised Protective Order 120 . (see document for details) (hr) (Entered: 06/18/2020)
123 STATUS REPORT Joint Status Report Re: Process for Individualized Bail Determinations filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 06/18/2020)
124 ORDER 123 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. After considering the parties' jointly proposed process for individualized bail determinations for each class member, the Court shall implement the following process. SEE ORDER FOR DETAILS. (iv) (Entered: 06/19/2020)
125 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for 100 Fraihat class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 06/24/2020)
126 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has reviewed the spreadsheet information for the first 100 class members. To ensure a clear record, Respondents shall file, by June 29, 2020, an amended spreadsheet for the first 100 class members to include the following: 1. The full name of each class member; 2. The dates and sentences for all indicated convictions; 3. A notation that a criminal charge is pending if there has not yet been a resolution; 4. A notation for any criminal charges that were dismissed; and 5. A legend defining all abbreviations used, particularly for abbreviations in the immigration history and criminal history sections. All subsequent spreadsheets shall, also, include the above information. (shb) (Entered: 06/25/2020)

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127 BRIEF filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. regarding Order,,,, Set/Reset Deadlines,,, 119 . (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 06/26/2020)
128 BRIEF filed by plaintiffs-petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. regarding Order,,,, Set/Reset Deadlines,,, 119 . (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 06/26/2020)
129 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Reconsideration re Order,, 126 filed by Defendant Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order) (Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 06/26/2020)
130 OPPOSITION to EX PARTE APPLICATION for Reconsideration re Order,, 126 129 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 06/28/2020)
131 NOTICE OF APPEAL to the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals filed by Defendant Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. Appeal of Order 124 , Order on Motion for Order,,, 118 . (Appeal Fee - Not Required for US Goverment.) (Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 06/29/2020)
132 ORDER RE: RESPONDENTS - DEFENDANTS EX PARTE MOTION TO MODIFY THE COURTS JUNE 25, 2020 ORDER (ECF NO. 126) 129 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Respondents Ex Parte Application is GRANTED. Respondents are not required to provide the information on paragraphs 2, 3, and 4 of the Court's June 25, 2020 Order, ECF No. 126. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) Modified on 6/29/2020 (shb). (Entered: 06/29/2020)
133 NOTICE regarding COVID-19 cases at Adelanto filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Gabriel Valdez)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 06/29/2020)
134 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for all Fraihat class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 06/29/2020)
138 NOTIFICATION from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals of case number assigned and briefing schedule. Appeal Docket No. 20-55662 assigned to Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, 131 as to Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (shb) (Entered: 07/01/2020)
135 STRICKEN PER DKT 136 - 6/30/2020. NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene filed by PROPOSED INTERVENORS Devora Batres Moreno, Sandra Cervantes Gomez, Pablo Tapia Cruz, Caesar Galvan, Ivan Rene Ledezma. Motion set for hearing on 7/28/2020 at

06/30/2020
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08:30 AM before Judge Terry J. Hatter Jr. (Attachments: # 1 Appendix Bail Request Moreno, # 2 Appendix Bail Request Lupercio, # 3 Appendix Bail Request Cervantes, # 4 Appendix Bail Request Ledezma, # 5 Appendix Bail Request Galvan, # 6 Appendix Bail Request Tapia Cruz, # 7 Proposed Order In Re: Intervention) (Attorney Nicolette Glazer added to party Devora Batres Moreno(pty:intv), Attorney Nicolette Glazer added to party Sandra Cervantes Gomez(pty:intv), Attorney Nicolette Glazer added to party Pablo Tapia Cruz(pty:intv), Attorney Nicolette Glazer added to party Caesar Galvan(pty:intv), Attorney Nicolette Glazer added to party Ivan Rene Ledezma(pty:intv)) (Glazer, Nicolette) Modified on 6/30/2020 (shb). (Entered: 06/30/2020)
136 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS-ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, the motion to intervene filed by proposed intervenors Devora Batres Moreno, Sandra Cervantes Gomez, Pablo Tapia Cruz, Caesar Galvan, and Ivan Rene Ledezma (dkt # 135) is STRICKEN for failure to comply with Local Rule 6-1. In their motion, proposed intervenors requested a waiver of Local Rule 6-1s 28 day rule based on Local Rules 7.1(a) and e(5), however there are no Local Rules 7.1(a) or e(5). Moreover, the motion to intervene was filed today with a hearing date noticed for June 28, 2020 two days ago. Additionally, any motions for bail filed by any approved intervenors shall follow the procedure set forth in paragraphs 11 through 17 of the Courts order of June 19, 2020 (dkt # 124). (shb) (Entered: 06/30/2020)
137 [STRICKEN PER ORDER 139 - Amended NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene filed by INTERVENORS Devora Batres Moreno. Motion set for hearing on 7/29/2020 at 08:30 AM before Judge Terry J. Hatter Jr. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order In Re: Intervention) (Glazer, Nicolette) Modified on 7/1/2020 (shb). (Entered: 06/30/2020)
139 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS-ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, the amended motion to intervene filed by proposed intervenors Devora Batres Moreno, Sandra Cervantes Gomez, Pablo Tapia Cruz, Caesar Galvan, and Ivan Rene Ledezma (dkt # 137) is, again, STRICKEN for failure to comply with Judge Hatters Procedures and Schedules, which are available on the Courts website -http://www.cacd.uscourts.gov/honorable-terry-j-hatter-jr. Regularly noticed motions in civil cases assigned to Judge Hatter must be noticed for a Monday. Counsel are urged to familiarize themselves with the Central Districts Local Rules and Judge Hatters Procedures and Schedules. Further, if proposed intervenors file a second amended motion to intervene, the motion shall becaptioned correctly. The caption shall reflect the correct parties and the correct case number --Kelvin Hernandez Roman, et al. v. Chad F. Wolf, et al., ED CV 20-00768 TJH (PVCx).

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DHS is not a party to this case, and Judge Hatters initials should be in their proper sequence. Additionally, reference to Moreno, et al. v. DHS, et al., ED CV 20-01136 DOC, should not be made in the caption as the motion to intervene is not being filed in that case. (shb) (Entered: 07/01/2020)
140 Second NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene AMENDED filed by PROPOSED INTERVENORS Devora Batres Moreno. Motion set for hearing on 8/3/2020 at 08:30 AM before Judge Terry J. Hatter Jr. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order In Re; Intervention) (Glazer, Nicolette) (Entered: 07/01/2020)
142 ORDER from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals filed re: Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, 131 filed by David Marin, Chad F. Wolf, Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka. CCA # 20-55662. The request for an immediate administrative stay is granted. The district court's June 17, 2020 bail order and June 19, 2020 bail process order are temporarily stayed pending further court order. (mat) (Entered: 07/02/2020)
141 JOINT REPORT Rule 26(f) Discovery Plan ; estimated length of trial 2 days, filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/02/2020)
181 STRICKEN PER ORDER 225 SEALED MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Silvano Avina Salas. (shb) Modified on 7/10/2020 (smo). Modified on 7/17/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
143 EX PARTE APPLICATION to Compel Production of Documents filed by Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum of Points And Authorities in Support of Their Ex Parte Application to Compel Production of Documents, # 2 Declaration of William R. Friedman, # 3 Exhibit 1, # 4 Exhibit 2, # 5 Proposed Order)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/08/2020)
160 ORDER from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals filed re: Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, 131 filed by David Marin, Chad F. Wolf, Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, 56 filed by David Marin, Chad F. Wolf, Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka. CCA # 20-55436 and 20-55662. The government's motion to stay the district court's June 17, 2020 and June 19, 2020 orders pending appeal is denied. Because the issues in this appeal are related to the prior Preliminary Injunction appeal, we sua sponte consolidate Appeal Nos. 20-55436 and 20-55662.[See document for more complete details.] (mat) (Entered: 07/09/2020)
180 SEALED MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Russell Cosio Bernardino. (shb) (Entered: 07/10/2020)

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144 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Arody Ramos Tome (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-G)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/09/2020) Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
145 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Christian Nieto Mora. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-D)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/09/2020) Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
146 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Daniel Alverto Varela Reyes. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-D)(Bansal, Jessica) ) Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
147 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Francisco Lopez Martinez. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A - G)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/09/2020) Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
148 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Gabriel Espinoza Orejel. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-F)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/09/2020) Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
149 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Jorge Z. Sandoval Sanabria. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/09/2020) Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
150 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Javier Martinez-Fuentes. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-F)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/09/2020) Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
151 SEALED DOCUMENT RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Jesus Zeferino Hernandez. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-F)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/09/2020) Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
152 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Moris Giron-Duarte. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E, # 6 Exhibit F, # 7 Exhibit G)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/09/2020 Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
153 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Jonathan Pop. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-F)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/09/2020) Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)

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154 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Pedro Zareo Silva. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E, # 6 Exhibit F, # 7 Exhibit G)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/09/2020. Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
155 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Salvador Chavez Gonzalez. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E, # 6 Exhibit F, # 7 Exhibit G, # 8 Exhibit H)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/09/2020). Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
156 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Robert Fernandez Ramirez. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E, # 6 Exhibit F, # 7 Exhibit G, # 8 Exhibit H)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/09/2020). Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
157 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Victor Diaz-Gomez. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E, # 6 Exhibit F, # 7 Exhibit G)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/09/2020). Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
158 SEALED DOCUMENT re HERNANDEZ-ROMAN DAILY SPREADSHEET, JULY 9, 2020 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, (Bansal, Jessica). Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb) (Entered: 07/09/2020)
159 SEALED DOCUMENT -Proof of Service of Under Seal Filings (Dkt. 144-158) filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman (Bansal, Jessica) Modified on 7/9/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/09/2020)
161 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for 100 Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 07/09/2020)
162 MINUTE (IN CHAMBERS) ORDER SETTING MATTER FOR A TELEPHONIC CONFERENCE RE EX PARTE APPLICATION TO COMPEL PRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS 143 by Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo. The Court hereby sets this matter for a Telephonic Conference on Friday, July 10, 2020, at 11:00 a.m. The Court Clerk will send instructions for calling into the Telephonic Conference by e-mail. (hr) (Entered: 07/09/2020)
163 NOTICE regarding COVID-19 cases at Adelanto filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F.

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Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Gabriel Valdez)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 07/10/2020)
164 APPLICATION of Non-Resident Attorney Charles Anfin Berdahl to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman (Pro Hac Vice Fee - $400 Fee Paid, Receipt No. ACACDC-27154272) filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order) (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/10/2020)
165 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Amanuel Meseret Keleta re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-H)(Bansal, Jessica) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
166 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Antonio Ortega Osorio re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-E)(Bansal, Jessica) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
167 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Cecia Gutierrez Morales re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-E)(Bansal, Jessica) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
168 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Charles Njoikou Abajeih re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-G)(Bansal, Jessica) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
169 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Gagik Hrant Karapetyan re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-E)(Bansal, Jessica) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
170 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Ivan Alonso-Tarinda re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-E)(Bansal, Jessica) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
171 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Juan Medina re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments:

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# 1 Exhibits A-G)(Barnett, Amanda) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
172 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Maria Evelia Regalado-Gomez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-F)(Barnett, Amanda) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
173 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Neil Brian Zavala Polanco re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-F)(Barnett, Amanda) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
174 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Samani Sosefo Sekona re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-H)(Barnett, Amanda) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
175 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Tabali Ita Nyuindaine re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-D)(Barnett, Amanda) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
176 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Maximo Benavides Cortez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-E)(Barnett, Amanda) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
177 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Michel Ibrahim Ewa re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-D)(Barnett, Amanda) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
178 SEALED DOCUMENT MOTION RE BAIL filed by Petitioner Subash Khadka re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-F)(Barnett, Amanda) Modified on 7/10/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/10/2020)
179 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/10/2020)
182 MINUTES OF TELEPHONE CONFERENCE AND (IN CHAMBERS) ORDER: (1) REQUIRING THE PARTIES TO MEET AND CONFER,

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AND (2) SETTING BRIEFING SCHEDULE ON PETITIONERS' EX PARTE APPLICATION 143 held before Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo. The Court orders the parties to meet and confer regarding the issues presented in this filing and to attempt a resolution. If the parties are unable to resolve the matter, Defendants-Respondents shall file their opposition to the Ex Parte Application by midnight on Monday, July 13, 2020. Plaintiffs-Petitioners shall file their Reply by midnight on Tuesday, July 14, 2020. The matter shall then stand submitted. Court Recorder: AT&T Digital Recording. (hr) (Entered: 07/10/2020)
183 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re MOTION RE BAIL 171 , MOTION RE BAIL 170 , MOTION RE BAIL 169 , for Order 177 , Sealed Document 179 , MOTION RE BAIL 168 , MOTION RE BAIL 165 , MOTION RE BAIL 176 , MOTION RE BAIL 173 , MOTION RE BAIL 178 , MOTION RE BAIL 175 , MOTION RE BAIL 172 , MOTION RE BAIL 174 , MOTION FOR ORDER 167 , MOTION RE BAIL 166 served on July 10, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/10/2020)
184 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re: Bail Application filed by Petitioner Homero Gonzalez Martinez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-G)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
185 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Joaz Lopez Garcia re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-F)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
186 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Julio Ernesto Gomez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-E)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
187 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Kwang Hyen Park re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-F)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
188 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Martin Vargas Arellano re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-D)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/13/2020)

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189 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Alejandro Jeronimo Osorio re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-F)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
190 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Alejandro Mendoza de Dios re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-E)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
191 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Mamoudou Diallo re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-B)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
192 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Arquimidez Avila Alvarez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-G)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
193 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Maria De Los Angeles Araya Prado re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-I)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
194 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Brany Depaz Alfaro re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-E)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
195 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Omar Brooks re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-F)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
196 [DOCUMENT STRICKEN 7/13/2020 PER DKT 205 . SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Dante Martinez Lizalde re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-E)(Bansal, Jessica) Modified on 7/13/2020 (shb). (Entered: 07/13/2020)

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197 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Sandy Cristina Caceros re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-G)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
198 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Wagner Herberto Arroyo Castro re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-E)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
199 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Dante Martinez Lizalde re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A - G)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
200 NOTICE OF ERRATA filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. correcting SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Dante Martinez Lizalde re Order 124 196 (Cho, Michelle) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
201 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (July 13, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Cho, Michelle) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
202 NOTICE of Appearance (Wilson, Sarah) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
203 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, [Service of docket numbers 184-199 and 201] served on July 13, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
204 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for 100 Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
205 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS-ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Notice of errata 200 , document 196 motion for bail, is hereby stricken as it is a duplicate of document 194. (shb) (Entered: 07/13/2020)
206 OPPOSITION to EX PARTE APPLICATION to Compel Production of Documents 143 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 07/13/2020)

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207 Joint STIPULATION for Order TO MODIFY CONDITIONS OF RELEASE SET FORTH IN TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER FOR PETITIONER-PLAINTIFF KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Kelvin Hernandez Roman, # 2 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/14/2020)
208 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has reviewed the bail applications filed on July 9, 10, and 13, and identified various deficiencies and issues that appeared in several of the applications: 1. The bail applications do not contain a copy each class members Form A. The Court expects all bail applications filed hereafter to include a copy of the Form A completed by the respective class member. For a few of the applications previously filed, Respondents opposition included an argument that the class member failed to submit a completed Form A. For the previously filed bail applications where Respondents did not raise such an objection, the Court will assume that the class member did submit a Form A, unless Respondents advise the Court otherwise by 4:00 p.m. today. Further, the Court expects Plaintffs counsel to telephonically confirm each class members proposed living and transportation arrangements. 2. Henceforth, if a bail application does not include a fully completed and signed Form A, or if additional information needs to be conveyed to the Court, the additional information shall be submitted by way of a declaration that is based on personal knowledge or other foundational facts, and signed under penalty of perjury. Any factual statements made in a bail application that are unsupported by a Form A or an adequate declaration will not be considered by the Court. 3. Other than for a class members medical conditions listed by Respondents on their spreadsheets, class members shall submit medical records to substantiate their asserted medical conditions. The Court will issue orders identifying specific deficiencies in previously filedbail applications. To assist the Court in dealing with the logistics of this case, Plaintiffs shall: 1. Sort their daily summary charts by docket number; and 2. Include in their charts and applications a brief description of all crimes in the criminal history sections, in addition to the statutory cite. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 07/14/2020)
209 SCHEDULING ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter: The Court has reviewed the Joint Rule 26(f) Report, and sets or changes the following dates and deadlines, which are subject to change by the Court in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: July 31, 2020 Non-Expert Discovery CutOff. August 10, 2020 Substantive Motion Filing Deadline. August 11, 2020 Plaintiffs Expert Reports Due. August 28, 2020 Respondents Expert Rebuttal Reports Due. August 31, 2020 Expert Discovery Cut-Off. August 31, 2020 Exchange of Exhibit & Witness Lists and Proposed. Joint Statement of Stipulated Facts. September 14, 2020 Final Pretrial

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Conference. October 13, 2020 Evidentiary Hearing and Court Trial at 10:00 a.m. 10 Days After Trial Optional Closing Briefs in Lieu of Closing Arguments. Based on the parties proposal that they will file declarations in lieu of direct examination, the Court will accept declarations in lieu of direct examination. As a reminder, the following will count against each sides 8 hour time limit: opening statements, direct and cross examinations, arguments on objections, and closing arguments. See order for further details and hearing or deadline dates. (shb) (Entered: 07/14/2020)
210 SEALED DOCUMENT Notice of Form A Submissions re Order,,,,,,,, 208 , Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 07/14/2020)
211 BAIL ORDER, 186 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Julio Ernesto Gomez from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. The Class Member shall self-quarantine at the Approved Residence for 14 daysafter being released from Adelanto. The Class Member shall not leave theApproved Residence during the quarantine period, except to obtain medical care, including COVID-19 testing. However, the Class Member need not stay in quarantine for the full 14 day period if he receives, after being released from Adelanto, a negative test result for COVID-19. If the Class Member exhibits any potential COVID-19-related symptoms, he shall immediately seek appropriate medical care. The Class Member may not move from the Approved Residence to a different residence without first obtaining prior approval from the Court. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 07/14/2020)

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212 REPLY in Support of EX PARTE APPLICATION to Compel Production of Documents 143 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/14/2020)
213 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Order for Modification of the Court's June 19, 2020 Order filed by Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum, # 2 Declaration, # 3 Proposed Order) (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/15/2020)
214 ORDER, 213 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has reviewed Plaintiffs' ex parte application to modify the Court's June 19, 2020, order regarding the bail application process. It is Ordered that the bail application process be, and hereby is, Stayed pending further order from the Court. It is further Ordered that, pending further order from the Court, no additional bail applications may be filed. It is further Ordered that, pending further order from the Court, the deadlines to prepare opposition and reply briefs be, and hereby are, Stayed. (shb) (Entered: 07/15/2020)
215 MINUTES IN CHAMBERS-ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, the Petitioner Russell Cosio Bernardino's motion re bail 180 , filed on July 8, 2020 is hereby stricke n and will the Clerk will returned the document to the sender. The form must be submitted to Adelanto staff and not filed directly with the Court. (lom) (Entered: 07/15/2020)
216 Joint STIPULATION for Extension of Time to File Bail Applications filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Proposed Order)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 07/15/2020)
217 SEALED ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION TO MODIFY CONDITIONS OF RELEASE SET FORTH IN TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDERR FOR PETITIONER-PLAINTIFF KELVINHERNANDEZ ROMAN by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. (shb) (Entered: 07/15/2020)
218 NOTICE of Appearance (Chia, Liga) (Entered: 07/16/2020)
219 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: GRANTING 164 Non-Resident Attorney Charles A. Berdahl APPLICATION to Appear Pro Hac Vice on behalf of Petitioners Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez and Miguel Aguilar Estrada, designating Amanda Barnett as local counsel. (shb) (Entered: 07/16/2020)
220 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the following bail applications, together with the moving and opposing papers: [Docket Nos. [144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153,

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154, 155, 156, 157, 165, 166, 167, 168, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 197, 198, 199]. It is Ordered that the above bail applications be, and hereby are, Denied, with leave to renew, because of one or more of the following deficiencies: (1) The detainee had not yet appeared in one of Respondents spreadsheets; (2) The detainee had not yet submitted a completed Form A; and/or (3) The bail application failed to include medical records and/or a declaration setting forth post-release plans. (shb) (Entered: 07/16/2020)
221 BAIL ORDER, 169 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Gagik Hrant Karapetyan. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Gagik Hrant Karapetyan from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. SEE ORDER FOR FURTHER DETAILS. (shb) (Entered: 07/16/2020)
222 ORDER GRANTING PETITIONERS' EX PARTE APPLICATION TO COMPEL PRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS 143 by Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo. Petitioners' Ex Parte Application to Compel Production of Documents is GRANTED. However, due to the sensitive nature of the information sought, the Court orders Respondents either to produce said documents, or to provide Petitioners with meaningful access to the documents. To protect against any improper dissemination of the materials, the Court orders that the materials shall be subject to an enhanced protective order in addition to the protective order already in place in this action. The Court hereby orders the parties to meet and confer and submit a joint proposed stipulated protective order within two days of the date of this order. (see document for further details) (hr) (Entered: 07/16/2020)

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223 ORDER RE EX PARTE APPLICATION TO MODIFY COURT'S JUNE 19,2020 ORDER 213 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. : To streamline this complex bail application process, from this point forward, Petitioners counsel shall file bail applications, initially, only for those class members who: (1) Have submitted a completed Form A; (2) Are members of one of the Fraihat subclasses; and (3) Have appeared on one of Respondents spreadsheets. The Court will consider an exception to these requirements if there is an exigent situation. Afterbail applications are filed for all of the Fraihat subclass members, Petitioners counsel may proceed to file bail applications for the other class members who have submitted a completed Form A and who have appeared on one of Respondents spreadsheets. The Court will issue a separate order denying, with leave to renew, most of the previously filed bail applications given their various deficiencies. Finally, based on the bail applications previously filed and as explained in the ex parte application, the Court anticipates that the bail applications in process by the parties and not yet filed will need to be started anew. Accordingly, Plaintiffs counsel shall recall from Respondents all inprocess bail applications. Likewise, for in-process. bail applications that have oppositions but the replies remain in process, Plaintiffscounsel shall ensure that those applications are in compliance with this order before filing them; if any of those applications are not in compliance, then Plaintiffs counsel shall amend or supplement those applications and then transmit them to Respondents for re-evaluation and modification of the previously prepared oppositions. In sum, almost all of the completed and in-process applications, most likely, must be re-done or held by Plaintiffs counsel until they receive completed Form As and/or the detainee appears on one of Respondents spreadsheets. The previously issued stay regarding bail applications is lifted. (lc) (Entered: 07/16/2020)
224 NOTICE TO FILER OF DEFICIENCIES in Electronically Filed Documents RE: Notice of Appearance 218 . The following error(s) was/were found: Incorrect event selected. Correct event to be used is: Notice of Appearance of Withdrawal of Counsel G123.. Incomplete docket text. In response to this notice, the Court may: (1) order an amended or correct document to be filed; (2) order the document stricken; or (3) take other action as the Court deems appropriate. You need not take any action in response to this notice unless and until the Court directs you to do so. (ak) (Entered: 07/17/2020)
225 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, the Petitioner Silvano Avina Sala's motion re bail 181 , filed on July 2, 2020 is hereby stricken and will the Clerk will returned the document to the sender. The form must be submitted to Adelanto staff and not filed directly with this Court. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 07/17/2020)

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226 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for 100 Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 07/20/2020)
227 NOTICE OF LODGING filed re Order on Ex Parte Application to Compel,,, 222 (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order Respondents' proposed protective order)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 07/20/2020)
228 NOTICE OF LODGING filed re Order on Ex Parte Application to Compel,,, 222 (Attachments: # 1 [Proposed] Addendum to Stipulated Protective Order, # 2 [Proposed] Addendum to Stipulated Protective Order (bracketed version including the parties' terms for areas of disagreement))(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/20/2020)
229 ADDENDUM TO STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER by Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo re Notice of Lodging 228 . [See Order for further details.] (et) (Entered: 07/22/2020)
230 ORDER DENIED AS MOOT THE JOINT STIPULATION REGARDING FILING BRIEFING OF BAILAPPLICATIONS 216 , by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. IT IS ORDERED that the Stipulation is DENIED as moot. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 07/22/2020)
231 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Reconsideration re Order on Ex Parte Application to Compel,,, 222 filed by Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Charles A. Berdahl, # 2 Exhibit 1 to Declaration of Charles A. Berdahl, # 3 Exhibit 2 to Declaration of Charles A. Berdahl, # 4 Proposed Order)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/23/2020)
232 NOTICE Joint Status Report re: Bail Process filed by Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/24/2020)
233 Joint STIPULATION for Order Re: Bail Process filed by Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order, # 2 Exhibit A, # 3 Exhibit B)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/24/2020)
234 OPPOSITION to EX PARTE APPLICATION for Reconsideration re Order on Ex Parte Application to Compel,,, 222 231 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - email with Court)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 07/24/2020)
235 ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION RE: BAIL PROCESS [233 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Pursuant to the parties stipulation and for good cause shown, this Court hereby modifies the Bail Process, ECF No.124, as follows: 1. The revised Form A submitted with the parties stipulation shall replace the original Form A (ECF No. 123-1). Respondents shall ensure that class members are provided with the

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revised Form A in accordance with ECF No. 124 Paragraphs 6-9. Petitioners may submit bail applications based on either the original or revised Form A. 2. Petitioners time to draft reply briefs and file bail applications shall be extended from two to three business days following receipt of Respondents position brief. Bail applications shall be filed no later than 12 noon PT on the third business day after Petitioners receipt of Respondents position brief. (shb) (Entered: 07/27/2020)
236 NOTICE TO FILER OF DEFICIENCIES in Electronically Filed Documents RE: Notice (Other) 232 . The following error(s) was/were found: Incorrect event selected. Correct event to be used is: Civil Events Other Filings Miscellaneous Filings - Select - Status Report. Other error(s) with document(s): Please contact the US District Court Help desk at 213-894-3651 if you need assistance with docketing support and using the correct docketing events. In response to this notice, the Court may: (1) order an amended or correct document to be filed; (2) order the document stricken; or (3) take other action as the Court deems appropriate. You need not take any action in response to this notice unless and until the Court directs you to do so. (shb) (Entered: 07/27/2020)
237 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the emergency ex parte application for civil contempt be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall pay the reasonable attorneys fees Petitioner incurred for this emergency ex parte application. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not re-detain any Roman class member who has been ordered by this Court to be released without first obtaining a further order from the Court. It is further Ordered that the Clerk of Court shall file a copy of this order in Roman so that Respondents and their counsel in that case will be well informed that any further violation of the Courts release orders will result in further contempt sanctions. (shb) (Entered: 07/27/2020)
238 ORDER GRANTING PETITIONERS' EX PARTE APPLICATION FOR RECONSIDERATION AND ORDERING PRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS 231 by Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo. Respondents are hereby ORDERED to provide Petitioners with a hard copy of the Adelanto schematics within three days of the date of this Order, unless either party appeals this order to Judge Hatter by that deadline, in which case the order will be stayed pending a decision by Judge Hatter. (see document for further details) (hr) (Entered: 07/27/2020)
239 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Protective Order for Governing Depositions of Class Members filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum, # 2 Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal, # 3 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/28/2020)

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240 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for 100 Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 07/28/2020)
241 OPPOSITION to EX PARTE APPLICATION for Protective Order for Governing Depositions of Class Members 239 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 07/29/2020)
242 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Order for to Appoint Latham & Watkins LLP as Class Co-Counsel filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Kyle Virgien, # 2 Exhibit A, # 3 Exhibit B, # 4 Proposed Order) (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/29/2020)
243 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Erik Roman Vega re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-O)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/30/2020)
244 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Anselmo Huezo Garcia re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-H)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/30/2020)
245 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Arnoldo Perez Mendez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-H)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/30/2020)
246 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Humberto Prisciliano Adan Torres re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-F)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/30/2020)
247 REPLY in Support of EX PARTE APPLICATION for Protective Order for Governing Depositions of Class Members 239 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/30/2020)
248 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (July 30, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/30/2020)
249 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re

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SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Arnoldo Perez Mendez re Order 124 245 , Sealed Document 248 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Erik Roman Vega re Order 124 243 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Humberto Prisciliano Adan Torres re Order 124 246 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Anselmo Huezo Garcia re Order 124 244 served on July 30, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/30/2020)
250 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS-ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, the Respondent shall file their opposition to the plaintiffs ex parte application 242 for order to appoint class co-counsel, by no later than 9am on July 31, 2020. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 07/30/2020)
251 OPPOSITION to EX PARTE APPLICATION for Order for to Appoint Latham & Watkins LLP as Class Co-Counsel 242 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 07/31/2020)
252 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Eleodoro Racancoj re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-G)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/31/2020)
253 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Luis Escobar re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-J)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/31/2020)
254 ORDER GRANTING PETITIONERS' EX PARTE APPLICATION FOR PROTECTIVE ORDER GOVERNING DEPOSITIONS OF CLASS MEMBERS 239 by Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo. The parties are hereby ORDERED to submit a proposed Second Addendum to Revised Stipulated Protective Order governing disclosure of the names of class members, other than deponents, who privately complained about the provision of health care or the conditions at Adelanto by 5 p.m. on Friday, July 31, 2020. (see document for further details) (hr) (Entered: 07/31/2020)
255 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (July 31, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/31/2020)

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256 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Luis Escobar re Order 124 253 , Sealed Document 255 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Eleodoro Racancoj re Order 124 252 served on July 31, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/31/2020)
257 ORDER, 242 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Petitioners ex parte application to appoint Latham & Watkins as class co-counsel. It is Ordered that the ex parte application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Samir Deger-Sen, Kyle Virgien, William Friedman, Charles Berdahl, Amanda Barnett, and Jessie Cammack be, and hereby are, appointed as class co-counsel. It is further Ordered that Ahilan Arulanantham, Jessica Karp Bansal, and Michael Kaufmann be, and hereby are, designated as lead class counsel. It is further Ordered that Michele (Minju) Cho be, and hereby is, designated as class co-counsel. (shb) (Entered: 07/31/2020)
258 Joint STIPULATION for Order Re: Addendum to Stipulated Protective Order filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 07/31/2020)
259 SECOND ADDENDUM TO STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER by Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo. See Order for further details. (bpo) (Entered: 07/31/2020)
260 Joint STIPULATION for Order Re: Timing of Certain Depositions and Inspections of Adelanto filed by Plaintiffs-Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 07/31/2020)
261 First NOTICE of Appearance (Dichter, Anna) (Entered: 08/03/2020)
262 Notice of Appearance or Withdrawal of Counsel: for attorney Hayden Windrow counsel for Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. Adding Hayden Windrow as counsel of record for Defendants-Respondents for the reason indicated in the G-123 Notice. Filed by Defendants-Respondents Chad F. Wolf, Acting Sec'y, U.S. Dep't of Homeland Security, et al.. (Attorney Hayden Windrow added to party Matthew T. Albence(pty:res), Attorney Hayden Windrow added to party James Janecka(pty:res), Attorney Hayden Windrow added to party David Marin(pty:res), Attorney Hayden Windrow added to party Chad F. Wolf(pty:res))(Windrow, Hayden) (Entered: 08/03/2020)
263 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Andres Francisco re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin

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Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-G)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/03/2020)
264 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 3, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/03/2020)
265 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Andres Francisco re Order 124 263 , Sealed Document 264 served on August 3, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/03/2020)
266 Notice of Appearance or Withdrawal of Counsel: for attorney Julian Kurz counsel for Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. Filed by Defendants Chad F. Wolf, Matthew T. Albence, David Marin, James Janecka. (Attorney Julian Kurz added to party Matthew T. Albence(pty:res), Attorney Julian Kurz added to party James Janecka(pty:res), Attorney Julian Kurz added to party David Marin(pty:res), Attorney Julian Kurz added to party Chad F. Wolf(pty:res))(Kurz, Julian) (Entered: 08/03/2020)
267 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for 100 Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 08/03/2020)
268 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Aroldo Gabriel Carrillo re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-G)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/04/2020)
269 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Daria Damian Gallardo re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/04/2020)
270 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 4, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/04/2020)
271 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 270 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Aroldo Gabriel Carrillo re Order 124 268 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND

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MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Daria Damian Gallardo re Order 124 269 served on August 4, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/04/2020)
272 BAIL ORDER, 243 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Erick Adrian Roman Vega from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. 2. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondent's shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/04/2020)
273 BAIL ORDER, 244 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Anselmo Huezo Garcia from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of thefollowing conditions of release: 1. The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. 2. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDER that this order does not limit Respondent's authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order a the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/04/2020)

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274 BAIL ORDER, 245 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Arnoldo Perez Mendez from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: 1. The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. 2. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/04/2020)
275 BAIL ORDER, 246 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Humberto Adan Torres from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court.It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: 1. The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. 2. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/04/2020)
276 BAIL ORDER, 253 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Luis Escobar from custody within 48 hours of

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the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: 1. The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. 2. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detail the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order or removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/04/2020)
277 [STAYED 8-6-2020 PER ORDER [288-290] - BAIL ORDER, 263 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Andres Francisco from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: 1. The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. 2. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining a an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) Modified on 8/6/2020 (shb). (Entered: 08/04/2020)
278 ORDER, 252 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail applications for class member Eleodoro Recancoj, {"Class Member"], together with the moving and opposing papers. The Class Member failed to submit the name of the person who will be transporting him from Adelanto. The Class Member may prepare a supplemental

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declaration to provide the Court with the missing information. Respondents shall have 2 business days from the date they are presented with a Class Member's supplemental declaration to prepare a supplemental opposition, if any. The supplemental opposition shall be transmitted to class counsel. Class counsel, then may append a supplemental reply to the supplemental opposition, and then file a the supplemental declaration, the supplemental opposition, if any, and the supplemental reply if any as a single document. The supplemental opposition and reply briefs shall each be no more than two pages. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 08/04/2020)
279 ORDER GRANTING PARTIES JOINT STIPULATION RE: TIMING OF CERTAIN DEPOSITIONS AND INSPECTION OF ADELANTO 260 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Upon consideration of the parties Joint Stipulation Re: Timing of Certain Depositions and Inspection of Adelanto, it is hereby ordered that the Joint Stipulation is GRANTED. The parties may conduct depositions and an inspection of the Adelanto facility beyond the close of fact discovery on July 31, 2020. (shb) (Entered: 08/04/2020)
280 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Armando Sosa Azcona re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-I)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/05/2020)
281 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Marcos Antonio Amaya Aguiriano re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-H)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/05/2020)
282 SEALED DOCUMENT NOTICE OF IMMINENT REMOVAL OF CLASS MEMBER ORDERED RELEASE ON BAIL, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Humberto Prisciliano Adan Torres re Order 124 246 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 275 , Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A)(Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 08/05/2020)
283 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 5, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/05/2020)
284 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-respondents Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 283 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND

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MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Marcos Antonio Amaya Aguiriano re Order 124 281 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Armando Sosa Azcona re Order 124 280 served on August 5, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/05/2020)
285 [STRICKEN PER ORDER, [288-290] 8/6/2020]- NOTICE of Change in Transportation Plans for Class Member Andres Francisco filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Bansal, Jessica) Modified on 8/6/2020 (shb). (Entered: 08/05/2020)
286 BAIL ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr., that the bail application 268 be, and hereby is, Granted. Further Ordered that Respondents shall release Aroldo Gabriel Carrillo from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: (1) The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Member's bail application. (2) The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Member's bail application. (3) The Class Member shall self-quarantine at the Approved Residence for 14 days after being released from Adelanto. FURTHER ORDERED that the court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. FURTHER ORDERED ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or e-detain the Class member without first obtaining an Order from this Court. FURTHER ORDERED that this Order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the US upon the issuance of a final order of removal. FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. (SEE BAIL ORDER FOR FURTHER DETAILS). (jp) (Entered: 08/05/2020)
287 BAIL ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr., that the bail application 269 be, and hereby is, Granted. Further Ordered that Respondents shall release Darla Damian Gallardo from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: (1) The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Member's bail application. (2) The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Member's bail application. (3) The Class Member shall self-quarantine at the Approved Residence for 14 days after being released from Adelanto.

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FURTHER ORDERED that the court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. FURTHER ORDERED ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or e-detain the Class member without first obtaining an Order from this Court. FURTHER ORDERED that this Order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the US upon the issuance of a final order of removal. FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. (SEE BAIL ORDER FOR FURTHER DETAILS). (jp) (Entered: 08/05/2020)
288 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr, re, 263 . It is ordered that the notice of change in transportation plans for class member Andres Francisco be, and hereby is, Stricken. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court's bail order for Andres Francisco be, and hereby is STAYED pending further Court order after Class Counsel files either an ex parte application or stipulation for approval. (shb) Modified on 8/6/2020 (lom). STAY IS VACATED - see order, docket entry no. 300. (Entered: 08/06/2020)
289 Joint STIPULATION for Order to Modify Conditions of Release for Class Member Andres Francisco filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/06/2020)
290 ORDER, 263 , 277 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is ordered that the notice of change in transportation plans for class member Andres Francisco be, and hereby is, Stricken. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court's bail order for Andres Francisco be, and hereby is STAYED pending further Court order after Class Counsel files either an ex parte application or stipulation for approval. (shb) (Entered: 08/06/2020)
291 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Lisbeth Romero Najera re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-G)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/06/2020)
292 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Mario Flores Giron re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-G)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/06/2020)
293 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 6, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/06/2020)

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294 MINUTE (IN CHAMBERS) ORDER SETTING MATTER FOR A TELEPHONIC CONFERENCE FOR CLARIFICATION OF COURT'S JULY 27, 2020 ORDER 238 by Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo. The Court hereby sets a telephonic conference for Tuesday, August 11, 2020 at 10 am. (see document for further details) (hr) (Entered: 08/06/2020)
295 BAIL ORDER, 280 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Armando Sosa Azcona from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: 1. The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. 2. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class ember violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class member from this United stats upon the issuance of a file an order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/06/2020)
296 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 293 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Lisbeth Romero Najera re Order 124 291 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Mario Flores Giron re Order 124 292 served on August 6, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/06/2020)
297 EX PARTE APPLICATION to Supplement Bail Application of Mario Flores Giron re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Mario Flores Giron re Order 124 292 filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A Supplemental Brief and Declaration, # 2 Proposed Order) (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/06/2020)
298 NOTICE OF ERRATA filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. correcting EX PARTE APPLICATION to Supplement Bail Application of Mario Flores

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Giron re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Mario Flores Giron re Order 124 292 297 (Attachments: # 1 Ex Parte Application to File Supplemental Brief & Declaration in Support of Bail Application of Mario Flores Giron, # 2 Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal, # 3 Exhibit A - Supplemental Brief and Declaration, # 4 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/06/2020)
299 ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION TO MODIFY CONDITIONS OF RELEASE FOR CLASS MEMBER ANDRES FRANCISCO 289 by Judge Terry J. Hatter. This Court hereby modifies its Bail Order releasing class member Andres Francisco from custody, ECF 277, to provide that Mr. Francisco shall be transported from Adelanto to the Approved Residence by Mr. Adrian Zanabria. All other conditions of release set forth in the Bail Order remain the same. (lom) (Entered: 08/06/2020)
300 MINUTE ORDER IN CHAMBERS - ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, the Order issue on August 6, 2020 re the stay 288 is is hereby vacated. (lom) (Entered: 08/06/2020)
301 MINUTES (IN CHAMBERS) ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, the Plaintiff's Ex Parte Application, 297 for leave to file a supplemental brief re Mario Flores Giron, is hereby granted. Plaintiff is ordered to file the supplemental brief forthwith. Government is ordered to file an opposition to the supplemental brief by 12 noon on Monday, August 10, 2020. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 08/07/2020)
302 SUPPLEMENT to SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Mario Flores Giron re Order 124 292 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Zoe McKinney)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/07/2020)
303 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Carlos Hernandez Carrillo re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-H)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/07/2020)
304 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Alvaro Avalos-Hernandez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/07/2020)

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305 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 7, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/07/2020)
306 BAIL ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Marcos Antonio Amaya Aguiriano from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of thefollowing conditions of release: 1. The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class ember violates any of the above mentioned conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class member with a a copy of this order at the time of release. (shb) (Entered: 08/07/2020)
307 BAIL ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Lisbeth Romero Najera from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: 1. The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. 2. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this court does not limit Respondent's authority authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. (shb) (Entered: 08/07/2020)
308 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re

08/07/2020 08/07/2020

SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Alvaro Avalos-Hernandez re Order 124 304 , Sealed Document 305 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Carlos Hernandez Carrillo re Order 124 303 served on August 7, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/07/2020)
309 BAIL ORDER, 303 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Carlos Hernandez Carrillo from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if Class Member violates any of the above referenced conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/07/2020)
310 BAIL ORDER, 304 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Alvaro Ivan Avalos-Hernandez from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of thefollowing conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDER that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that

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Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/07/2020)
311 SEALED OPPOSITION RE Supplement(Motion related), 302 , Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 08/09/2020)
312 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Maria De Los Angeles Araya Pardo re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-K)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/10/2020)
313 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet filed by Petitioner Maria de los Angeles Araya Pardo re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/10/2020)
314 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 313 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Maria De Los Angeles Araya Pardo re Order 124 312 served on August 10, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/10/2020)
315 NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Enforce PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION'S CDC GUIDANCE PROVISION filed by PetitionersPlaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum, # 2 Arulanantham Declaration, # 3 Exhibits A-E, # 4 Exhibits F-M, # 5 Proposed Order) (Arulanantham, Ahilan) (Entered: 08/10/2020)
316 DECLARATION of Yboy Flores in Support of NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Enforce PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION'S CDC GUIDANCE PROVISION 315 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Arulanantham, Ahilan) (Entered: 08/10/2020)
317 DECLARATION of Roty Mythong in Support of NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Enforce PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION'S CDC GUIDANCE PROVISION 315 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Arulanantham, Ahilan) (Entered: 08/10/2020)
318 DECLARATION of Karapet Davtyan in Support of NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Enforce PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION'S CDC GUIDANCE PROVISION 315 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar

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Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Arulanantham, Ahilan) (Entered: 08/10/2020)
319 NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Certify Class / Notice of Motion and Motion for Non-Provisional Class Certification filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum of Points and Authorities in Support, # 2 Proposed Order) (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/10/2020)
320 NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction , NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Dismiss Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order) (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 08/10/2020)
321 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for 100 Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 08/10/2020)
322 MINUTE ORDER [IN CHAMBERS] ORDER MODIFYING THE COURT'S JULY 27, 2020 ORDER GOVERNING PRODUCTION OF ADELANTO SCHEMATICS (DKT. NO. 238 ) by Magistrate Judge Pedro V. Castillo. See document for details. (mr) (Entered: 08/11/2020)
323 STIPULATION for Order Modifying Scheduling Order filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 08/11/2020)
324 BAIL ORDER, 312 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Maria de los Angeles Araya Pardo from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this COURT. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT SI FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member

08/12/2020 08/12/2020 08/12/2020 08/12/2020 08/12/2020 08/12/2020
08/13/2020

with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/12/2020)
325 ORDER RE JOINT STIPULATION TO MODIFY SCHEDULING ORDER 209 , 323 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The parties stipulation is approved, andlisted deadlines in the scheduling order, ECF No. 209, are revised as follows:Plaintiffs Expert Reports Due August 18, 2020. Respondents Expert Rebuttal Reports Due September 1, 2020. Expert Discovery Cut-Off September 4, 2020. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 08/12/2020)
326 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Daniel Alejandro Cardenas Leal re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/12/2020)
327 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 12, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/12/2020)
328 Joint STIPULATION to CORRECT NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Dismiss Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief 320 , NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Enforce PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION'S CDC GUIDANCE PROVISION 315 filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/12/2020)
329 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Daniel Alejandro Cardenas Leal re Order 124 326 , Sealed Document 327 served on August 12, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/12/2020)
330 ORDER GRANTING PARTIES JOINT STIPULATION REGARDING HEARING DATES NOTICED IN PARTIES MOTIONS (ECF Nos. 315, 320], 328 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr.: Upon consideration of the parties Joint Stipulation Regarding Hearing DatesNoticed in Parties Motions (ECF Nos. 315, 320), it is hereby ordered that the Joint Stipulation is GRANTED. The hearing dates noticed for the motions are now September 14, 2020. The Parties respective oppositions to the motions are due August 24, 2020, and their respective replies in support of their motions are due August 31, 2020. (shb) (Entered: 08/12/2020)
331 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Asonganyi Felix Nkemnkeng re Order 124 filed by

08/13/2020 08/13/2020
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Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-J)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/13/2020)
332 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 13, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/13/2020)
333 BAIL ORDER, 326 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Daniel Alejandro Cardenas Legal from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any ot the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/13/2020)
334 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 332 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Asonganyi Felix Nkemnkeng re Order 124 331 served on August 13, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/13/2020)
335 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Raul Aranda Nunez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-F)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/14/2020)
336 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 14, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/14/2020)

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337 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 336 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Raul Aranda Nunez re Order 124 335 served on August 14, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/14/2020)
338 ORDER, 331 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Class Member may prepare a supplemental declaration to provide the Court with additional details of the proposed travel plan. Respondents shall have 2 business days from the date they are presented with the supplemental declaration to prepare a supplemental opposition, if any. The supplemental opposition shall be transmitted to class counsel. Class counsel, then, may append a supplemental reply to the supplemental opposition, and then file the supplemental declarations, the supplemental opposition, if any, and the supplemental reply, if any, as a single document. The supplemental opposition and reply briefs shall each be no more than two pages. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 08/17/2020)
339 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for 100 Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 08/17/2020)
340 ORDER, 140 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is ordered that the second amended motion to intervene be, and hereby is, Denied. (shb) (Entered: 08/18/2020)
341 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Wagner Arroyo Castro re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-G)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/19/2020)
342 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Tabali Ita Nyuindaine re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-J)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/19/2020)
343 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 19, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/19/2020)
344 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Wagner Arroyo Castro re Order 124 341 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Tabali Ita Nyuindaine re Order 124 342 , Sealed

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Document 343 served on August 19, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/19/2020)
345 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Marcos Alfaro Diaz re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-I)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/20/2020)
346 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 20, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/20/2020)
347 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Marcos Alfaro Diaz re Order 124 345 , Sealed Document 346 served on August 20, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/20/2020)
348 BAIL ORDER, 335 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Raul Aranda Nunez from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/20/2020)
349 BAIL ORDER, 342 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Tabali Ita Nyuindaine from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this, and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members

08/20/2020 08/20/2020

bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order ifthe Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/20/2020)
350 BAIL ORDER, 148 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Wagner Herberto Arroyo Castro from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of thefollowing conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/20/2020)
351 BAIL ORDER, 345 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Marcos Alfaro Diaz from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court.It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class

08/21/2020 08/21/2020 08/21/2020 08/21/2020

Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. (shb) (Entered: 08/20/2020)
352 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jesus Ramon Delgado Villa re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-I)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/21/2020)
353 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 21, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/21/2020)
354 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jesus Ramon Delgado Villa re Order 124 352 , Sealed Document 353 served on August 21, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/21/2020)
355 BAIL ORDER, 352 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Jesus Ramon Delgado Villa within 72 hours, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority toremove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/21/2020)

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08/24/2020

356 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Ricardo Herdocio Jarquin re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/24/2020)
357 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 24, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/24/2020)
358 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 357 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Ricardo Herdocio Jarquin re Order 124 356 served on August 24, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/24/2020)
359 NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant by Salvadore Chavez Gonzalez filed by intervenor Salvadore Chavez Gonzalez. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Trigilio Declaration, # 2 [Proposed] Order) (Attorney Joseph A Trigilio added to party Salvadore Chavez Gonzalez(pty:intv)) (Trigilio, Joseph) (Entered: 08/24/2020)
360 BAIL ORDER, 356 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Ricardo Herdocia Jarquin from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy if this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/24/2020)
361 APPLICATION to Shorten Time for Hearing on re NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant by Salvadore

08/24/2020 08/24/2020 08/24/2020
08/24/2020

Chavez Gonzalez 359 filed by intervenor Salvadore Chavez Gonzalez. Application set for hearing on 9/14/2020 at 10:00 AM before Judge Terry J. Hatter Jr. (Attachments: # 1 [Proposed] Order) (Trigilio, Joseph) (Entered: 08/24/2020)
362 OPPOSITION re: NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Dismiss Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief 320 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal, # 2 Exhibit A to Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal, # 3 Exhibit B to Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/24/2020)
363 OPPOSITION to NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Certify Class / Notice of Motion and Motion for Non-Provisional Class Certification 319 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A Estrada Dep, # 2 Exhibit B - Mythong Dep, # 3 Exhibit C - Yboy Flores Dep)(Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 08/24/2020)
364 Notice of Appearance or Withdrawal of Counsel: for attorney Roger J Chin counsel for Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. Adding Roger J. Chin as counsel of record for Kelvin Hernandez Roman; Beatriz Forero Chavez; and Miguel Aguilar Estrada for the reason indicated in the G-123 Notice. Filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Kelvin Hernandez Roman; Beatriz Forero Chavez; and Miguel Aguilar Estrada. (Attorney Roger J Chin added to party Miguel Aguilar Estrada(pty:pet), Attorney Roger J Chin added to party Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez (pty:pet), Attorney Roger J Chin added to party Kelvin Hernandez Roman(pty:pet))(Chin, Roger) (Entered: 08/24/2020)
365 OPPOSITION to NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Enforce PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION'S CDC GUIDANCE PROVISION 315 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Hans H. Chen, # 2 Exhibit 1-CDC Guidance (July 22, 2020), # 3 Exhibit 2-Valdez Decl. (July 9, 2020), # 4 Exhibit 3-Supp. Resp. to Pet'r's 3d Set of Interrogs., # 5 Exhibit 4-Valdez Dep. Tr., # 6 Exhibit 5-Resp. to Pet'r's Am. 2d Set of Exped. Interrogs., # 7 Exhibit 6-3d Am. Resp. to Pet'r's Am. 1st Set of Exped. Interrogs., # 8 Exhibit 7-Lopez Dep. Tr., # 9 Exhibit 8-Knight-Glass Dep. Tr., # 10 Exhibit 9-Ford Dep. Tr., # 11 Exhibit 10-Bates No. RES6705, # 12 Exhibit 11-EPA webpage, # 13 Exhibit 12-Bates No. RES6694, # 14 Exhibit 13-Janecka Dep. Tr., # 15 Exhibit 14-Bates Nos. RES1050-51)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 08/24/2020)

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366 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for 100 Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 08/24/2020)
367 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Arquimidez Avila Alvarez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-K)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/25/2020)
368 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Dante Martinez Lizalde re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-J)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/25/2020)
369 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner George Iheanacho re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/25/2020)
370 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jonathan Pop re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-P)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/25/2020)
371 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 25, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/25/2020)
372 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, on Attorney General of the United States served on August 19, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/25/2020)
373 SEALED DOCUMENT Supplemental Declaration Re: Travel Plan for Asonganyi Felix Nkemnkeng re Order,, 338 , Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Patricia Foley, # 2 Proof of Service)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/25/2020)
374 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner George Iheanacho re Order 124 369 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Dante Martinez Lizalde re Order 124 368 , Sealed

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Document 371 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Arquimidez Avila Alvarez re Order 124 367 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jonathan Pop re Order 124 370 served on August 25, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/25/2020)
375 ORDER APPLICATION TO SHORTEN TIME TO HEAR MOTION, 361 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the time to hear Petitioner-Plaintiffs Motion to Intervene shall be shortened to three weeks, with a hearing date of September 14, 2020. Oppositions, if any, shall be filed by August 31, 2020. Reply, if any, shallbe filed by September 8, 2020. The matter will then stand submitted for decisionwithout oral arguments. (shb) (Entered: 08/25/2020)
774 Mail Returned addressed to Russell Casio Bernardino re Order, 208 (shb) (Entered: 10/29/2020)
775 Mail Returned addressed to Silvano Avina Salas re Order on Motion to Supplement, 301 (shb) (Entered: 10/29/2020)
376 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Miriam Jeanette Motino-Rodriguez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/26/2020)
377 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Shengyang Li re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-N)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/26/2020)
378 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 26, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/26/2020)
379 BAIL ORDER, 367 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Arquimidez Avila Alvarez from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail

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order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondent's shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (et) (Entered: 08/26/2020)
380 BAIL ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. granting 370 MOTION: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Jonathan Pop from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: (see document for further details) (bm) (Entered: 08/26/2020)
381 BAIL ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. granting 368 MOTION: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Dante Martinez Lizalde from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: (see document for further details) (bm) (Entered: 08/26/2020)
382 BAIL ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. granting 369 MOTION: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release George Iheanacho from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: (see document for further details) (bm) (Entered: 08/26/2020)
383 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 378 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Miriam Jeanette MotinoRodriguez re Order 124 376 served on August 26, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/26/2020)
384 SEALED DOCUMENT updated and corrected spreadsheet information for all Fraihat class members re Sealed Document 134 , Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 08/26/2020)
385 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Charlaine Mamaradlo re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez,

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Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-H)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/27/2020)
386 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Gabino Rodriguez Silvar re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/27/2020)
387 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jose Sanchez Delgadillo re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-K)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/27/2020)
388 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 27, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/27/2020)
389 Joint STIPULATION for Order to Extend Hearing Date and Reply Briefs Due Date filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/27/2020)
390 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 388 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jose Sanchez Delgadillo re Order 124 387 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Gabino Rodriguez Silvar re Order 124 386 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Charlaine Mamaradlo re Order 124 385 served on August 27, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/27/2020)
391 NOTICE of Imminent Removal of Class Member Ordered Released on Bail (ECF 381) filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A: Order Denying Stay, # 2 Exhibit B: SDDO Burdick Declaration)(Wilson, Sarah) (Entered: 08/27/2020)
392 ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION RE: EXTENSION OF BRIEFING SCHEDULES FOR MOTION TO DISMISS (ECF 320) AND MOTION FOR ENFORCEMENT (ECF 315), 389 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. Pursuant to stipulation and for good cause shown, the Court hereby modifies the briefing schedule and hearing date for PetitionersPlaintiffs pending Motion for Enforcement of Preliminary Injunctions CDC Guidance Provision, ECF No. 315, and Respondents-Defendants pending Motion to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction, ECF No. 320, as

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follows: 1. Hearing on the Motion for Enforcement, ECF No. 315, and Motion to Dismiss, ECF No. 320, shall be reset for September 21, 2020. 2. The parties respective replies shall be filed no later than September 4, 2020. (shb) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
393 BAIL ORDER, 376 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Miriam Jeanette Motino-Rodriguez from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release.It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the ClassMember without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. (shb) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
394 ORDER, 377 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr., as to Petitioner Shengyang Li: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Shengyang Li [the Class Member], together with the moving and opposing papers. The Class Member shall prepare and deliver to Respondents a supplemental declaration setting forth: (1) The name(s) of the legal owner(s) of the residence in Yorba Linda, California, where he intends to reside [the Residence]; (2) A description of the Residence, i.e., a single family residence, an apartment complex, or some other type of facility; and (3) The names and relationships of all other occupants of the Residence. Respondents shall have 2 business days from the date they are presented with the supplemental declaration to prepare a supplemental opposition, if any. The supplemental opposition shall be transmitted to class counsel. Class counsel, then, may append a supplemental reply to the supplemental opposition, and then file the supplemental declaration, the supplemental opposition, if any, and the supplemental reply, if any, as a single document. The supplemental opposition and reply briefs shall each be no more than two pages. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
395 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS-ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES 381 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified

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that pursuant to the Judge's directive, the Government is ordered to file a status report confirming that Class Member Dante Martinez Lizalde was removed from the United States, or released from detention, within 48 hours of the issuance of the order granting his bail application. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
396 STATUS REPORT Re: ECF 381 (Confirmation of Removal of Class Member) filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A: Form I205)(Wilson, Sarah) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
397 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Rodrigo Rivera Montoya re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-P)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
398 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Sixto Valente Reyes re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-J)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
399 Joint STIPULATION for Order Modifying Scheduling Order filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
400 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 28, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
401 Notice of Errata and Request to Strike and Remove Pages from Record filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman re: NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Enforce PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION'S CDC GUIDANCE PROVISION 315 (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Arulanantham, Ahilan) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
402 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS-ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, re the joint stipulation for order modifying scheduling order 399 is hereby rejected by the Court. The Court will hold a Final Pretrial Conference for this case. Counsel are reminded that all documents required by Local Rule 16 must be filed inadvance of the Conference. Anticipated evidentiary objections must be raised through motions in limine; and the Court will entertain another stipulation to modify the scheduling order provided that the stipulation complies with the above items. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 08/28/2020)

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403 BAIL ORDER, 385 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Charlaine Manabat Mamaradlo from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order, and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. (shb) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
404 BAIL ORDER, 386 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Gabino Rodriguez Silvar from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court.It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
405 BAIL ORDER, 387 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Jose Sanchez Delgadillo from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court.It is further Ordered that the Class Member

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shall comply with all of thefollowing conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
406 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 400 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Sixto Valente Reyes re Order 124 398 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Rodrigo Rivera Montoya re Order 124 397 served on August 28, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
407 NOTICE TO FILER OF DEFICIENCIES in Electronically Filed Documents RE: Miscellaneous Document, 401 . The following error(s) was/were found: Incorrect event selected. Correct event to be used is: Civil Events Other Filings Miscellaneous Filings - SELECT - Errata. In response to this notice, the Court may: (1) order an amended or correct document to be filed; (2) order the document stricken; or (3) take other action as the Court deems appropriate. You need not take any action in response to this notice unless and until the Court directs you to do so. (shb) (Entered: 08/28/2020)
408 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Oscar Armando Rios Anariba re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-M)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/31/2020)
409 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (August 31, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 08/31/2020)
410 BAIL ORDER, 397 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Rodrigo Rivera Montoya from custody within

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48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/31/2020)
411 BAIL ORDER, 398 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Sixto Valente Reyes from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release.It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the ClassMember without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 08/31/2020)
412 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 409 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Oscar Armando Rios Anariba re Order 124 408 served on August 31, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/31/2020)

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413 NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant by Daniel Varela Reyes filed by intervenor Daniel Alverto Varela Reyes. Motion set for hearing on 9/14/2020 at 10:30 AM before Judge Terry J. Hatter Jr. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Doctor Letter Re Asthma, # 2 Exhibit B - Trigilio Declaration) (Attorney Joseph A Trigilio added to party Daniel Alverto Varela Reyes(pty:intv)) (Trigilio, Joseph) (Entered: 08/31/2020)
414 APPLICATION to Shorten Time for Hearing on re NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant by Daniel Varela Reyes 413 to 09/14/2020 filed by intervenor Daniel Alverto Varela Reyes. (Attachments: # 1 [Proposed] Order) (Trigilio, Joseph) (Entered: 08/31/2020)
415 REPLY in support of NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Certify Class / Notice of Motion and Motion for Non-Provisional Class Certification 319 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal, # 2 Exhibit 1 to Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal, # 3 Exhibit 2 to Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal, # 4 Exhibit 3 to Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 08/31/2020)
416 MEMORANDUM in Opposition to NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant by Salvadore Chavez Gonzalez 359 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Wilson, Sarah) (Entered: 08/31/2020)
417 SEALED DOCUMENT second updated and corrected spreadsheet information for all Fraihat class members; spreadsheet of Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 08/31/2020)
418 OPPOSITION to APPLICATION to Shorten Time for Hearing on re NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant by Daniel Varela Reyes 413 to 09/14/2020 414 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Sarah Wilson)(Wilson, Sarah) (Entered: 09/01/2020)
419 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Enrique Ramirez-Hernandez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-K)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/01/2020)
420 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 1, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/01/2020)

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421 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 420 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Enrique RamirezHernandez re Order 124 419 served on September 1, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/01/2020)
422 BAIL ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr 331 . It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted.It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Asonganyi FelixNkemnkeng from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. (See Order for further details) (yl) (Entered: 09/01/2020)
423 BAIL ORDER 408 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. The Court has considered the bail application for class member Oscar Armando Rios Anariba, together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that he will not be a danger to public safety. IT IS ORDERED that the bail application be, and hereby is, DENIED 408 (yl) (Entered: 09/01/2020)
424 STIPULATION for Order modify scheduling order filed by respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 09/01/2020)
425 STIPULATION for Order Re: Timing of Expert Deposition filed by Plaintiffs-Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/01/2020)
426 SEALED DOCUMENT third updated and corrected spreadsheet information for all Fraihat class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 09/01/2020)
427 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Chuanyi Zhu re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-K)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/02/2020)
428 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 2, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea

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Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Arulanantham, Ahilan) (Entered: 09/02/2020)
429 SEALED DOCUMENT SUPPLEMENTAL DECLARATION, OPPOSITION AND REPLY RE: RELEASE PLAN FOR CLASSMEMBER SHENGYANG LI re Order,,,, 394 , Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit O)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/02/2020)
430 NOTICE of Appearance filed by attorney Jeffrey S Robins on behalf of Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf (Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 09/02/2020)
431 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 428 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Chuanyi Zhu re Order 124 427 served on September 2, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/02/2020)
432 RESPONSE IN SUPPORT of APPLICATION to Shorten Time for Hearing on re NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant by Daniel Varela Reyes 413 to 09/14/2020 414 filed by Intervenor Daniel Alverto Varela Reyes. (Trigilio, Joseph) (Entered: 09/02/2020)
433 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document, 429 served on September 2, 2020. (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/02/2020)
434 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Eduardo Sanchez Gutierrez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-I)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/03/2020)
435 BAIL ORDER 377 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Denied. (lom) (Entered: 09/03/2020)
436 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Joaz Lopez Garcia re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-K)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/03/2020)
437 BAIL ORDER 419 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Enrique Ramirez-Hernandez from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released

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pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release. See order for details. (lom) (Entered: 09/03/2020)
438 BAIL ORDER 427 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Chuanyi Zhu from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release. See order for details. (lom) (Entered: 09/03/2020)
439 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 3, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/03/2020)
440 NOTICE OF LODGING filed re Stipulation for Order 424 (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 09/03/2020)
441 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 439 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Joaz Lopez Garcia re Order 124 436 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Eduardo Sanchez Gutierrez re Order 124 434 served on September 3, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/03/2020)
442 ORDER GRANTING PARTIES' JOINT STIPULATION RE: TIMING OF EXPERT DEPOSITION 425 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. The parties may hold a deposition of Respondents' expert witness on September 8, 2020. (lom) (Entered: 09/03/2020)
443 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application Filed by Petitioner Rot Mythong re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A -U)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
444 ORDER DENYING APPLICATION TO SHORTEN TIME TO HEAR MOTION 414 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the Application to shorten time to hear motion re Petitioner-Plaintiff Daniel Varela Reyes's Motion to Intervene is hereby DENIED. The motion will be taken under submission as soon as it is fully briefed. (lom) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
445 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Gabriel Espinoza Orejel re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez,

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Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-N)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
446 ORDER RE: SECOND JOINT STIPULATION TO MODIFY SCHEDULING ORDER [ECF NO. 209] 440 424 440 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. The scheduling order is modified as follows: Exchange exhibit, witness lists, and proposed joint statement of stipulated facts - Sept. 14, 2020; Filing Deadline for Local Rule 16 Documents in Advance of the Final Pretrial Conference. Includes: Memorandum of Contentions of Fact and Law; Witness List; Joint Exhibits List; Final Pretrial Conference Order - Sept. 21, 2020; Filing Deadline for Motions in Limine & Daubert Motions - Sept. 25, 2020; Final Pretrial Conference - Sept. 28, 2020 at 10:00 a.m.; Filing Deadline for Oppositions to Motions in Limine & Daubert Motions - Oct. 2, 2020; Filing Deadline for Replies to Motions in Limine & Daubert Motions - Oct. 9. 2020; Lodging of testimony admitted through deposition - Oct. 6, 2020. See order for details. (lom) Modified on 9/4/2020 (lom). Modified on 9/4/2020 (lom). (Entered: 09/04/2020)
447 NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant filed by Petitioner Victor Sanchez Negron. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order) (Attorney Emily J Groendyke added to party Victor Sanchez Negron(pty:intvp)) (Groendyke, Emily) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
448 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Alejandro Jeronimo Osorio re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-K)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
449 APPLICATION to Shorten Time for Hearing on re NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant 447 to September 28, 2020 filed by Petitioner Victor Sanchez Negron. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order) (Groendyke, Emily) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
450 RESPONSE IN SUPPORT of NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant by Salvadore Chavez Gonzalez 359 filed by Intervenor Salvadore Chavez Gonzalez. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A UPI Article Re ICE Arrests)(Trigilio, Joseph) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
451 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 4, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
452 BAIL ORDER 436 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr as to Joaz Lopez Garcia ["the Class Member]. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Joaz Lopez Garcia from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further

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Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release. See order for details. (lom) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
453 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Alejandro Jeronimo Osorio re Order 124 448 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application Filed by Petitioner Rot Mythong re Order 124 443 , Sealed Document 451 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Gabriel Espinoza Orejel re Order 124 445 served on September 4, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
454 ORDER DENYING APPLICATION TO SHORTEN TIME TO HEAR MOTION 449 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the Application to shorten time to hear the motion to intervene filed by Victor Sanchez Negron is hereby DENIED. The motion will be taken under submission without oral argument as soon as it is fully briefed. (lom) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
455 NOTICE TO FILER OF DEFICIENCIES in Electronically Filed Documents RE: SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed 434 436 443 445 448 . The following error(s) was/were found: Incorrect event selected. Correct event to be used is: Response in Support of Motion. Other error(s) with document(s): Documents are not motion documents. If document supports a motion, see efiling event - Motions and Related Filings - Responses, Replies and Other Motion Related Documents. In response to this notice, the Court may: (1) order an amended or correct document to be filed; (2) order the document stricken; or (3) take other action as the Court deems appropriate. You need not take any action in response to this notice unless and until the Court directs you to do so. (lom) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
456 ORDER 434 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. The Class Member shall prepare and deliver to Respondents a supplemental declaration setting forth the following. See order. Respondents shall have 2 business days from the date they are presented with the Class Member's supplemental declaration to prepare a supplemental opposition, if any. The supplemental opposition shall be transmitted to class counsel. Class counsel, then, may append a supplemental reply to the supplemental opposition, and then file the supplemental declaration, the supplemental opposition, if any, and the supplemental reply, if any, as a single document. The supplemental opposition and reply briefs shall each be no more than two pages. (lom) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
457 REPLY NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Dismiss Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief 320 filed by

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Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
458 REPLY in Support of NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Enforce PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION'S CDC GUIDANCE PROVISION 315 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Ahilan Arulanantham, # 2 Exhibit N, # 3 Exhibit O, # 4 Exhibit P, # 5 Exhibit Q, # 6 Exhibit R, # 7 Exhibit S, # 8 Exhibit T, # 9 Supplemental Declaration of Todd William Schneberk, M.D.)(Arulanantham, Ahilan) (Entered: 09/04/2020)
459 NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION for Order for Modifying Petitioner Kelvin Hernandez Roman's Terms of Release filed by Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum ISO Petitioners' Motion to Modify Petitioner Kelvin Hernandez Roman's Terms of Release, # 2 Declaration of Kelvin Hernandez Roman, # 3 Declaration of Michelle (Minju) Cho, # 4 Proposed Order) (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/07/2020)
460 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Lino Bernal re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-J)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/08/2020)
461 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Robert Fernandez Ramirez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-P)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/08/2020)
462 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Emeterio Ticar Betiwan re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-H)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/08/2020)
463 SEALED DOCUMENT / Daily Spreadsheet (September 8, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/08/2020)
464 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. The Class Member shall prepare and deliver to Respondents another supplemental declaration setting forth his transportation plans from the detention facility in Florence, Arizona: Respondents shall have 2 business days from the date they are presented with the Class Member' s supplemental declaration to prepare a supplemental opposition, if any. The supplemental opposition shall be

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transmitted to class counsel. Class counsel, then, may append a supplemental reply to the supplemental opposition, and then file the supplemental declarations, the supplemental opposition, if any, and the supplemental reply, if any, as a single document. The supplemental opposition and reply briefs shall each be no more than two pages. (lom) (Entered: 09/08/2020)
465 BAIL ORDER 443 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Rot Mythong from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. See order for further details. (lom) (Entered: 09/08/2020)
466 BAIL ORDER 445 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Gabriel Espinoza Orejel from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. See order for details. (lom) (Entered: 09/08/2020)
467 BAIL ORDER 448 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Alejandro Jeronimo Osorio from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. See order for details. (lom) (Entered: 09/08/2020)
468 OPPOSITION to NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant by Daniel Varela Reyes 413 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Wilson, Sarah) (Entered: 09/08/2020)
469 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Emeterio Ticar Betiwan re Order 124 462 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Lino Bernal re Order 124 460 , Sealed Document 463 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Robert Fernandez Ramirez re Order 124 461 served on September 8, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/08/2020)
470 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 09/09/2020)
471 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jose Guadalupe Ruiz Solis re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez,

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Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-O)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/09/2020)
472 BAIL ORDER 460 462 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. The Court has considered the bail applications for Lino Bernal Pena [dkt # 460] and Emeterio Ticar Betiwan [dkt # 462] [the Class Members], together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that each of the Class Members has failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that he will not be a danger to public safety. It is Ordered that the bail applications 460 462 be, and hereby are, Denied. (lom) (Entered: 09/09/2020)
473 BAIL ORDER 461 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. The Court has considered the bail application for class member Roberto Ramirez Fernandez ["the Class Member"], together with the moving and opposing papers. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Roberto Ramirez Fernandez from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. See order for further details. (lom) (Entered: 09/09/2020)
474 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Armando Santiago Santiago re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/09/2020)
475 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Mario Miranda Castro re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-K)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/09/2020)
476 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 9, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/09/2020)
477 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Armando Santiago Santiago re Order 124 474 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Mario Miranda Castro re Order 124 475 , Sealed Document 476 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jose Guadalupe Ruiz Solis re Order 124 471 served on September 9, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/09/2020)

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478 Joint STIPULATION for Order to Modify Conditions of Release for Petitioner Rot Mythong filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Gabrielle Melville in Support, # 2 Declaration of Lisa K. Okamoto in Support, # 3 Proposed Order)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/09/2020)
479 SEALED DOCUMENT Supplemental Response re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Alejandro Jeronimo Osorio re Order 124 448 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event), 467 , Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Declaration of Jose Gutierrez)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 09/09/2020)
481 ORDER from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals filed re: Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, 131 filed by David Marin, Chad F. Wolf, Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals,, 56 filed by David Marin, Chad F. Wolf, Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka. CCA # 20-55436, 20-55662. At oral argument, the parties shall be prepared to address whether there is still a live controversy between the parties that this court can and should decide about the appropriateness of the particular population reduction requirements in the preliminary injunction and the dates by which such reductions had to be accomplished, given that the deadlines for release are now long past and the detainee population at Adelanto has significantly decreased since the district court entered the preliminary injunction. (car) (Entered: 09/10/2020)
480 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Luis Yboy Flores re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-W)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/10/2020)
482 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 10, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/10/2020)
483 REPLY in support NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant by Daniel Varela Reyes 413 filed by Intervenor Daniel Alverto Varela Reyes. (Attachments: # 1 Ex. A - UPI Article re ICE Arrests)(Trigilio, Joseph) (Entered: 09/10/2020)
484 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Luis Yboy Flores re Order 124 480 , Sealed

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Document 482 served on September 10, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/10/2020)
485 BAIL ORDER 474 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr.granting 474 MOTION: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Armando Santiago Santiago from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: (see document for further details) (bm) (Entered: 09/10/2020)
486 BAIL ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. denying 475 MOTION: The Court finds that the Class Member failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that he will not be a danger to public safety. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Denied. (bm) (Entered: 09/10/2020)
487 BAIL ORDER 471 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr.granting 471 MOTION: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Jose Guadalupe Ruiz Solis from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: (see document for further details) (bm) (Entered: 09/10/2020)
488 SEALED DOCUMENT / Supplemental Reply re Bail Application for Class Member Alejandro Jeronimo Osorio re Sealed Document, 479 , Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Albert Camacho in Support, # 2 Declaration of Alejandro Jeronimo Osorio in Support, # 3 Declaration of Candido Jeronimo Osorio in Support, # 4 Declaration of Victoria Jeronimo Osorio in Support)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/10/2020)
499 SEALED ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION TO MODIFY CONDITIONS OF RELEASE FOR CLASS MEMBER ROT MYTHONG. (lom) (Entered: 09/11/2020)
489 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Alondra Montero-Alvizures re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-I)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/11/2020)
490 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Elinor Ramos Ramones re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/11/2020)

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491 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Homero Gonzalez Martinez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-N)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/11/2020)
492 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jose Salome Hernandez Nunez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-Q)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/11/2020)
493 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Samami Sosefo Sekona re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-P)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/11/2020)
494 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Sandy Cristina Caceros re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/11/2020)
495 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Wilfredo Gonzalez Mena re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/11/2020)
496 SEALED DOCUMENT / Daily Spreadsheet (September 11, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/11/2020)
497 AMENDED BAIL ORDER 448 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr as to Petitioner Alejandro Jeronimo Osori. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Alejandro Jeronimo Osorio from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. See order for further details. (lom) (Entered: 09/11/2020)
498 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Elinor Ramos Ramones re Order 124 490 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Wilfredo Gonzalez Mena re Order 124 495 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by

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Petitioner Alondra Montero-Alvizures re Order 124 489 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Sandy Cristina Caceros re Order 124 494 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Samami Sosefo Sekona re Order 124 493 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Homero Gonzalez Martinez re Order 124 491 , Sealed Document 496 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jose Salome Hernandez Nunez re Order 124 492 served on September 11, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/11/2020)
500 BAIL ORDER 480 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Luis Yboy Flores from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. See order for details. (lom) (Entered: 09/11/2020)
501 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Dharmendra Prasad re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-O)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
502 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Felipe Resdendiz Rodriguez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-K)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
503 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Miguel Serrano Rocha re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-J)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
504 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 14, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
505 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 504 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Felipe Resdendiz Rodriguez re Order 124 502 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Dharmendra Prasad re Order 124 501 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Miguel Serrano Rocha re

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Order 124 503 served on September 14, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
506 OPPOSITION re: NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION for Order for Modifying Petitioner Kelvin Hernandez Roman's Terms of Release 459 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Daniel A. Beck, # 2 Declaration of Rogelio A.Torres)(Beck, Daniel) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
507 BAIL ORDER, 489 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Alondra Cecilia Patricia Montero Alvizures from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release.It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the ClassMember without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
508 AMENDED BAIL ORDER, 490 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Elinor Ramos Ramones from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall comply with all court orders, including any criminal protective order issued against him. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is

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further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
509 ORDER, 491 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr, re MOTION re Petitioner Homero Gonzalez Martinez: The Court has considered the bail applications for Homero Martinez Gonzalez [the Class Member], together with the moving and opposing papers. The Class Member shall prepare and deliver to Respondents a supplementaldeclaration setting forth the name(s) of the alleged or proven victim(s) for all of his arrests and convictions related to domestic violence. Respondents shall have 2 business days from the date they are presented with the Class Members supplemental declaration to prepare a supplemental opposition, if any. The supplemental opposition shall be transmitted to class counsel. Class counsel, then, may append a supplemental reply to the supplemental opposition, and then file the supplemental declaration, the supplemental opposition, if any, and the supplemental reply, if any, as a single document. The supplemental opposition and reply briefs shall each be no more than two pages. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
510 BAIL ORDER, 492] by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Jose Salome Hernandez Nunez from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of thefollowing conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
511 BAIL ORDER, 493 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in theClass Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method,

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and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court.It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority toremove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
512 BAIL ORDER, 494 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Sandy Cristina Caceros from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
513 BAIL ORDER, 495 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Wilfredo Gonzalez Mena from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court.It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that

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this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
514 Opposition Opposition to re: NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant 447 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
515 SEALED DOCUMENT SPREADSHEET INFORMATION FOR ADDITIONAL CLASS MEMBERS re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 09/14/2020)
516 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Arody Ramos Tome re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-K)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/15/2020)
517 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Benito Bustos Gonzalez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-I)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/15/2020)
518 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Shijia Liu re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-E)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/15/2020)
519 SEALED DOCUMENT / Daily Spreadsheet (September 15, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/15/2020)
520 BAIL ORDER, 501 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Dharmendra Prasad from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further

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Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/15/2020)
521 BAIL ORDER, 502 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Felipe Resendiz Rodriguez from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/15/2020)
522 BAIL ORDER, 503 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Miguel Serrano Rochafrom custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class

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Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/15/2020)
523 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 519 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Benito Bustos Gonzalez re Order 124 517 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Shijia Liu re Order 124 518 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Arody Ramos Tome re Order 124 516 served on September 15, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/15/2020)
524 SEALED DOCUMENT Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class Member Tabali Ita Nyuindaine re Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 349 , Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration, # 2 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/16/2020)
525 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Milly Kalulu re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-G)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/16/2020)
526 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Raymond Edwards re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-R)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/16/2020)
527 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 16, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/16/2020)
528 REPLY Support NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION to Intervene as Bail Applicant 447 filed by Intervenor Plaintiff Victor Sanchez Negron. (Groendyke, Emily) (Entered: 09/16/2020)
529 BAIL ORDER, 516 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Arody Ramos Tome from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class

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Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence].The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center[Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by theperson, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/16/2020)
530 BAIL ORDER, 517 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Benito Bustos Gonzalez from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court.It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/16/2020)
531 BAIL ORDER, 518 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Shijia Liu from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center[Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the

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Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/16/2020)
532 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to Active COVID outbreak [and Request for Emergency Status Conference] filed by Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of William M. Friedman in Support of Petitioners-Plaintiffs' Ex Parte Application for Emergency Status Conference and Temporary Restraining Order, # 2 Exhibit 1 to the Declaration of William M. Friedman, # 3 Proposed Order) (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/16/2020)
533 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Raymond Edwards re Order 124 526 , Sealed Document 527 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Milly Kalulu re Order 124 525 served on September 16, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/16/2020)
534 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS - ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, the Government is ordered to file a status report by 2:00 p.m. today will available information regarding the Covid-19 outbreak at Adelanto. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 09/17/2020)
535 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Pedro Zarco Silva re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-I)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/17/2020)
536 SEALED DOCUMENT / Daily Spreadsheet (September 17, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/17/2020)
537 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Pedro Zarco Silva re Order 124 535 , Sealed

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Document 536 served on September 17, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/17/2020)
538 STATUS REPORT filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 09/17/2020)
539 DECLARATION of Gabriel Valdez re Status Report 538 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 09/17/2020)
540 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Based on the limited information provided to the Court regarding the Covid-19 outbreak at Adelanto, and the Courts reluctance to have any potentially Covid-19 positive detainee released into the community, It is Ordered that the previously issued orders granting bail for any Class Member who has not yet been released from Adelanto be, and hereby is, Stayed pending further order of the Court. (shb) (Entered: 09/17/2020)
541 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the ex parte application for a temporary restraining order [dkt # 532] filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs, together with the moving papers and the status report filed by the Government in response to the Courts order requesting a status report, which the Court deems to be an opposition to the ex parte application. It is Ordered that the ex parte application for a temporary restraining order be, and hereby is, Denied. It is further Ordered that the Government shall file a further status report regarding the Covid-19 outbreak at Adelanto on September 28, 2020. (shb) (Entered: 09/17/2020)
545 ORDER, 532 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the ex parte application for a temporary restraining order [dkt # 532] filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs, together with the moving papers and the status report filed by the Government in response to the Courts order requesting a status report, which the Court deems to be an opposition to the ex parte application. It is Ordered that the ex parte application for a temporary restraining order be, and hereby is, Denied. It is further Ordered that the Government shall file a further status report regarding the Covid-19 outbreak at Adelanto on September 28, 2020. (shb) (Entered: 09/18/2020)
542 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Rosa Castillo re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-M)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/18/2020)
543 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION Re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Fabiola Ramirez Macias re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exibits A-P)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/18/2020)

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544 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 18, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Arulanantham, Ahilan) (Entered: 09/18/2020)
546 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to Active COVID Outbreak and for Reconsideration of Order Denying Petitioners-Plaintiffs' Motion for a Temporary Restraining Order filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Kyle Virgien, # 2 Exhibit 1 to Declaration of Kyle Virgien, # 3 Declaration of Robert B. Greifinger, # 4 Declaration of Todd M. Schneberk, # 5 Exhibit 1 to Declaration of Todd M. Schneberk, # 6 Declaration of Margaret Hellerstein, # 7 Proposed Order) (Virgien, Kyle) (Entered: 09/18/2020)
547 STIPULATION for Order Re: Timing of Initial Pretrial Filings filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Virgien, Kyle) (Entered: 09/18/2020)
548 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Rosa Castillo re Order 124 542 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION Re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Fabiola Ramirez Macias re Order 124 543 , Sealed Document 544 served on September 18, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/18/2020)
549 ORDER GRANTING PARTIES' JOINT STIPULATION RE: TIMING OF INITIAL PRETRIAL FILINGS, 547 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Upon consideration of the parties Joint Stipulation Regarding Timing of Initial Pretrial Filings, it is hereby ordered that the Joint Stipulation is GRANTED. The pretrial documents currently scheduled to be filed on September 21, 2020 are now due on Friday, September 25, 2020 so that the parties can negotiate a potential discovery plan and corresponding proposed modifications to the scheduling order. (shb) (Entered: 09/18/2020)
550 OPPOSITION to EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to Active COVID Outbreak and for Reconsideration of Order Denying Petitioners-Plaintiffs' Motion for a Temporary Restraining Order 546 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration Murray Declaration)(Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 09/20/2020)
551 DECLARATION of Gabriel Valdez EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to Active COVID Outbreak and for Reconsideration of Order Denying Petitioners-Plaintiffs' Motion for a

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Temporary Restraining Order 546 in opposition to motion for TRO filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 09/20/2020)
552 NOTICE OF ERRATA filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. correcting Response in Opposition to Motion, 550 (Mercado-Santana, Victor) (Entered: 09/21/2020)
553 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS-ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that the above matter is set on the Court's calendar for a Telephonic hearing re the Final Pretrial Conference on September 28, 2020 at 10:00 a.m. Counsel should use a land line and handset from a quiet location, no speaker phone. Wait on the line until your case is called, while you are waiting, please mute your phone as the Court can hear all the noise in the background. The call in number will be given to the parties one day before the hearing. Anyone not on the docket and wanting to listen in to the hearing may do so by filling out the Hearing Access Request form. https://www.cacd.uscourts.gov/hearing-access-request-form. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 09/21/2020)
554 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Omar Brooks re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-Q)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/21/2020)
555 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 21, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/21/2020)
556 REPLY in support of EX PARTE APPLICATION for Temporary Restraining Order as to Active COVID Outbreak and for Reconsideration of Order Denying Petitioners-Plaintiffs' Motion for a Temporary Restraining Order 546 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Supplemental Declaration of Kyle Virgien in Support, # 2 Exhibit 1, # 3 Declaration of Liga Chia in Support)(Virgien, Kyle) (Entered: 09/21/2020)
557 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Omar Brooks re Order 124 554 , Sealed Document 555 served on September 21, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/21/2020)
558 REPLY in Support of NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION for Order for Modifying Petitioner Kelvin Hernandez Roman's Terms of

09/21/2020 09/21/2020 09/22/2020
09/22/2020

Release 459 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Hernandez Roman Declaration)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/21/2020)
559 NOTICE filed by respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. OF UPDATED CONDITIONS REGARDING COVID-19 AT ADELANTO (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 09/21/2020)
560 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 09/21/2020)
561 ORDER, 546 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the ex parte application for a temporary restraining order and reconsideration of the Courts September 17, 2020, order denying a temporary restraining order be, and hereby is, Denied. It is further Ordered that the Government shall file its further status report regarding the Covid-19 outbreak at Adelanto by 12:00 p.m. on September 25, 2020, rather than on September 28, 2020, as previously ordered.It is further Ordered that the Government shall file a weekly status reportregarding the Covid-19 outbreak at Adelanto every Monday, starting October 5, 2020. It is further Ordered that the parties shall file with the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals a joint status report regarding Adelantos Covid-19 outbreak by 4:00 p.m. today, September 22, 2020. (shb) (Entered: 09/22/2020)
562 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: granting 319 MOTION to Certify Class Action It is ordered that motion for class certification be, and hereby is, Granted.It is further Ordered that the class shall be defined to include all people who: Are currently detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center; Were detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center at any time between March 23, 2020, and the final disposition of this case but have been transferred by Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement to another immigration detention facility, regardless of whether the other detention facility is within the Central District of California; or Were detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center at any time between March 23, 2020, and the final disposition of this case but have been released pursuant to a temporary restraining order, a preliminary injunction, or other temporary release order issued by this Court. It is further Ordered that Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, and Miguel Aguilar Estrada be, and hereby are, Appointed to be the named representatives of the class. It is further Ordered that Ahilan Arulanantham, Jessica Karp Bansal, and Michael Kaufmann be, and hereby are, Appointed as lead class counsel. It is further Ordered that Michelle (Minju) Cho, Samir Deger-Sen, Kyle

09/23/2020 09/23/2020 09/23/2020 09/23/2020 09/23/2020 09/23/2020
09/24/2020

Virgien, William Friedman, Charles Berdahl, Amanda Barnett, and Jessie Cammack be, and hereby are, Appointed as class co-counsel. (shb) (Entered: 09/22/2020)
563 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Francisco Andres Pedro re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-M)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/23/2020)
564 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 23, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/23/2020)
565 SEALED DOCUMENT Supplemental Declaration of Homero Gonzalez Martinez re Order,,,, 509 , Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Supplemental Declaration of Homero Gonzalez Martinez, # 2 Proof of Service)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/23/2020)
566 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Francisco Andres Pedro re Order 124 563 , Sealed Document 564 served on September 23, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/23/2020)
567 Third STIPULATION for Order to Modify Scheduling Orders [ECF Nos. 209, 446, 549] filed by Plaintiffs-Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Virgien, Kyle) (Entered: 09/23/2020)
575 MEMORANDUM from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals filed re: Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals,, 56 filed by David Marin, Chad F. Wolf, Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka. CCA # 20-55436. The preliminary injunction order is affirmed in part and vacated in part, and the case is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this disposition. Because the substantive provisions of the preliminary injunction are vacated, we dissolve forthwith the stay pending appeal of that order, and we deny Plaintiffs emergency motion as moot. (shb) Modified on 9/28/2020 (shb). (Entered: 09/25/2020)
568 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jongseo Lee re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-Q)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/24/2020)

09/24/2020 09/24/2020 09/24/2020 09/24/2020
09/24/2020

569 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Ramon Isedro Reymundo re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-S)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/24/2020)
570 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Reconsideration re Order on Motion for Temporary Restraining Order,,, 561 filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of William M. Friedman in Support, # 2 Exhibit A, # 3 Proposed Order) (Virgien, Kyle) (Entered: 09/24/2020)
571 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 24, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/24/2020)
572 ORDER, 567 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The third stipulation to modify the scheduling order is approved, except as to the date for the trial/evidentiary hearing. Because the courthouse for the Western Division of the Central District is closed due to the Covid-19 pandemic, and will remain closed for the foreseeable future, the Court is uncertain as to when this matter can be tried. The Court will discuss potential trial dates at the Final Pretrial Conference on October 5, 2020, it it has additional information at that point regarding the re-opening of the courthouse. The Court deems Petitioners'-Plaintiffs' ex parte application for reconsideration fo the Court's denial of their ex parte application for a TRO to be an ex parte application for the Court to issue a Modified Preliminary Injunction. As such, Petitioners' - Plaintiffs' shall file, by 7:00 p.m. tonight, supplemental papers in support of their application for the Court to issue a Modified Preliminary Injunction. The supplemental papers should include, inter alia, the scientific evidence that support each measure that Petitioners-Plaintiffs will request to be included in the Modified Preliminary Injunction, as required by the Ninth Circuit in its Memorandum Opinion. In addition to filing its Further Status Report regarding the COvid-19 outbreak at Adelando by Noon tomorrow, the Government shall, also file, by Noon tomorrow, its opposition to Plaintiff's - Petitioners' application for the Court to issued a Modified Preliminary Injunction. To the extent possible, the parties shall meet and confer in an attempt to agree to some, or all, of the terms of the Modified Preliminary Injunction. Pending further order of the Court, the Government shall, forthwith, stop all new intakes and transfers of detainees into the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 09/24/2020)
573 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re

09/24/2020
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SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Ramon Isedro Reymundo re Order 124 569 , Sealed Document 571 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jongseo Lee re Order 124 568 served on September 24, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/24/2020)
574 SUPPLEMENTAL BRIEF IN SUPPORT re EX PARTE APPLICATION for Reconsideration re Order on Motion for Temporary Restraining Order,,, 561 570 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Kyle Virgien, # 2 Exhibit 1, # 3 Exhibit 2, # 4 Exhibit 3, # 5 Exhibit 4, # 6 Exhibit 5, # 7 Exhibit 6, # 8 Exhibit 7)(Virgien, Kyle) (Entered: 09/24/2020)
576 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Neptali Loreto Morales re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-M)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/25/2020)
577 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Reynaldo Orellana re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-J)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/25/2020)
578 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Richard Albert Cedeno Donastorg re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/25/2020)
579 SEALED DOCUMENT Supplemental Declaration of Eduardo Sanchez Gutierrez re Order,, 456 , Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Supplemental Declaration of Eduardo Sanchez Gutierrez, # 2 Proof of Service)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/25/2020)
580 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 25, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/25/2020)
581 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Extension of Time to File Status Report and Response to Petitioners' Ex Parte Supplement Out of Time filed by Respondents James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order) (Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 09/25/2020)
582 opposition opposition re: EX PARTE APPLICATION for Reconsideration re Order on Motion for Temporary Restraining

09/25/2020 09/25/2020 09/25/2020
09/25/2020 09/25/2020
09/25/2020

Order,,, 561 570 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1 - Dep. Tr. of G. Valdez, # 2 Exhibit 2 - Dep. Tr. of R. Greifinger, # 3 Exhibit 3 Dep. Tr. of J. Johnson, # 4 Exhibit 4 - Decl. of G. Valdez, # 5 Exhibit 5 Expert report of O. Murray, # 6 Exhibit 6 - RES 1350, Shift Report, # 7 Declaration of Dr. O. Murray (supplemental))(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 09/25/2020)
583 NOTICE of errata filed by respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. regarding Ex. 6 to ECF No. 582 (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 6 - RES 1350, Shift Report)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 09/25/2020)
584 MINUTES (IN CHAMBERS)- ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, the Court will grant the Government's Ex parte motion 581 to request for a 2 hour extension of the filing deadline. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 09/25/2020)
585 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Neptali Loreto Morales re Order 124 576 , Sealed Document 580 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Richard Albert Cedeno Donastorg re Order 124 578 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Reynaldo Orellana re Order 124 577 served on September 25, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/25/2020)
586 ORDER, 315 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: IT IS ORDERED that Petitioners'-Plaintiffs' motion to enforce the preliminary injunction be, and hereby is, DENIED as moot. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Government's motion to dismiss be, and hereby is DENIED. (shb) (Entered: 09/25/2020)
587 REPLY in Support of Supplemental Brief in Support of Ex Parte Application for Reconsideration of Order Denying Petitioners-Plaintiffs Motion for Further Temporary Restraining Order and Reconsideration filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Kyle A. Virgien in Support of Reply ISO PetitionerPlaintiffs' Ex Parte Application for Modified Preliminary Injunction, # 2 Exhibit 1)(Virgien, Kyle) (Entered: 09/25/2020)
588 DECLARATION of Gabriel Valdez re Objection/Opposition (Motion related),, 582 , Reply (Motion related),, 587 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 09/25/2020)

09/28/2020 09/28/2020 09/28/2020 09/28/2020 09/28/2020 09/28/2020
09/28/2020 09/29/2020

589 NOTICE OF CLERICAL ERROR: Due to clerical error Re: USCA Memorandum/Opinion/Order, 575 . The appeals case number had a typographical error. The clerk has corrected the docket to reflect the correct Appeal No. as 20-55436. (shb) (Entered: 09/28/2020)
590 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jose de Jesus Roman Villanueva re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-N)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/28/2020)
591 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Ricardo Lemus Menjivar re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-N)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/28/2020)
592 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Tin Tri Nguyen re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-N)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/28/2020)
593 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 28, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/28/2020)
594 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jose de Jesus Roman Villanueva re Order 124 590 , Sealed Document 593 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Tin Tri Nguyen re Order 124 592 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Ricardo Lemus Menjivar re Order 124 591 served on September 28, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/28/2020)
595 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 09/28/2020)
596 MODIFIED PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION AND ADDITIONAL FINDINGS OF FACT by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that, pending a final resolution of this case or further order of the Court: The Government shall file by Noon on October 5, 2020, its Adelanto detainee population reduction plan, which shall include a recommendation as to the maximum number of detainees that can be safely housed at Adelanto during the COVID-19 pandemic such that the detainees will be able to

09/29/2020 09/29/2020 09/29/2020 09/29/2020

maintain 6 feet of social distance at all times and all places from each other. The plan shall be supported by facts and not imaginary spheres or imprecise estimates. The plan shall include dimensions of all common areas and sleeping rooms/cells, and specific details as to how detainees will be able to sleep, eat, shower, and go about other daily activities while maintaining 6 feet of social distance at all times and all places from each other. Petitioners-Plaintiffs shall file by October 9, 2020, their response, if any, to the Governments proposed plan. After reviewing the Governments proposed plan and the response filed by PetitionersPlaintiffs, the Court will issue a further order. Adelanto shall not accept any new or transfer detainees into its facility pending further order of the Court. The Government shall file, under seal, by October 5, 2020, a complete census of all Adelanto detainees. Starting on October 12, 2020, and every Monday thereafter until further order of the Court, the Government shall file, by Noon, a complete and updated census of all current Adelanto detainees with the above requested information. The Government shall immediately stop using HDQ Neutral in all housing units and other indoor spaces at Adelanto that are occupied or used by detainees. All Adelanto staff shall endeavor to keep a 6 foot social distance from each other and from detainees.All class members released by the Court pursuant to a Temporary RestrainingOrder issued in this case or in a separately and previously filed case, or by a Bail Order, shall remain released and subject to the terms and conditions of release as set forth in each respective Temporary Restraining Order or Bail Order. It is further Ordered that no bond shall be required for this ModifiedPreliminary Injunction. It is further Ordered that the Governments request for a stay pending appeal of this Modified Preliminary Injunction be, and hereby is, Denied. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/29/2020)
597 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Nehad Mahmoud re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/29/2020)
598 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 29, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/29/2020)
599 Joint STIPULATION to Continue Scheduling Order Dates Re: Order,,,,,,, 572 filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Virgien, Kyle) (Entered: 09/29/2020)
600 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re

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Sealed Document 598 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Nehad Mahmoud re Order 124 597 served on September 29, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/29/2020)
601 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Lucia Avila Guerrero re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-N)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/30/2020)
602 ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION TO CONTINUE SCHEDULING ORDER DATES 599 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the Joint Stipulation is GRANTED. The scheduling order is hereby modified as set forth below. Filing Deadline for Local Rule 16 Documents in Advance of the Final Pretrial Conference. Includes: Memorandum of Contentions of Fact and Law; witness List; Joint Exhibits List; Final Pretrial Conference Order continued to October 30, 2020. Filing Deadline for Motins in Limine and Daubert Motions continued to October 30, 2020; Filing deadline for Trial Briefs and Declarations in lieu of Direct Examination continued to November 2, 2020; Final Pre-Trial Conference continued to November 2, 2020 at 10:00 a.m., Evidentiary Hearing and Court Trial continued to November 17, 2020 at 10:00 a.m. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 09/30/2020)
603 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (September 30, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/30/2020)
604 Notice of Withdrawal of Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event), 592 filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 09/30/2020)
605 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Lucia Avila Guerrero re Order 124 601 , Sealed Document 603 served on September 30, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 09/30/2020)
606 SEALED DOCUMENT Second Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class Member Rot Mythong re Order 499 , Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration, # 2 Proposed Order, # 3 Proof of Service)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/01/2020)

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607 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jesus Zeferino Hernandez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-K)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/01/2020)
608 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (October 1, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/01/2020)
609 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jesus Zeferino Hernandez re Order 124 607 , Sealed Document 608 served on October 1, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/01/2020)
610 ORDER, 526 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Raymond Edwards from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Florence, Arizona Detention Center [Detention Center] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order, if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. (shb) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
611 ORDER, 535 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Pedro Zarco Silvafrom custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the

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Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondent' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the Issuance of a final order of removal. IT SI FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order a the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
612 ORDER, 542 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Rosa Castillo from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
613 ORDER, 543 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Silvia Fabiola Ramirez from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this court.

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10/02/2020

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
614 BAIL ORDER, 554 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Omar Brooks {"The Class Member"}, together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member has failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that he will not be a flight risk and will not be a danger to public safety. IT IS ORDERED that the bail application be, and hereby is, DENIED. (shb) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
615 BAIL ORDER, 568 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Jongseo Lee from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Members with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
616 BAIL ORDER, 577 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Reynaldo Orellana from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member

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shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetail the Class member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
617 BAIL ORDER, 597 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail applications for class member Nehad Mahmoud {"the Class Member"}, together with the moving and opposing papers. the Court finds that the Class Member has failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that she will not be a flight risk. IT IS ORDERED that the bail application, be and hereby is, DENIED. (shb) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
618 BAIL ORDER, 601 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Lucia Avila Guerrero [The Class Member"}, together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member has failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that she will not be a danger to public safety. IT IS ORDERED that the bail application, be, and hereby is, DENIED. (shb) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
619 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail applications for class members, Milly Kalulu, Francisco Andres Pedro, Ramon Isedro Reymundo, Neptali Loreto Morales, Richard Albert Cedeno Donastorg, Jorge DeJesus Roman Villanueva, Richard Lemus Menjivar, and Jesus Zeferino Hernandez ["the Class Members"]. Class Counsel shall prepare, with the assistance and cooperation of Respondents, a supplemental declaration setting forth the housing assignment and/or the most recent COVID-19 test result for each of the Class Members. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
620 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Hugo R. Gomez Osorio re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-O)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
621 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jacqueline Vanbezooyen re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez,

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Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-R)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
622 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (October 2, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
623 Joint STIPULATION for Order to Modify the Modified Preliminary Injunction (Dkt. 596) filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
624 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jacqueline Vanbezooyen re Order 124 621 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Hugo R. Gomez Osorio re Order 124 620 , Sealed Document 622 served on October 2, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
625 SEALED DOCUMENT / Declaration of Jessica Karp Bansal re: Class Member Housing Assignment and Covid-19 Test Results re Order,, 619 , Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
626 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document, 625 served on October 2, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
627 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr.: On September 17, 2020, based on the limited information regarding the Covid-19 outbreak at Adelanto, and the Courts reluctance to release into the community any potentially Covid-19 positive detainee, the Court stayed all previously issued orders granting bail for those class members who had not yet been released. The parties shall file a joint status report by October 6, 2020, identifying the class members whose bail orders, and release, were stayed. The status report shall include, inter alia, the Covid-19 test results and/or housing assignments for each class member.IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
628 NOTICE OF APPEAL to the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. Appeal of Order on Motion for Order,,,,, 350 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 521 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 520 , Order on Sealed

Motion (Generic sealed motion type event), 466 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 616 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 410 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 333 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 613 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 611 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 273 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 510 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event), 438 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 405 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event), 500 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event), 467 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 522 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 379 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 287 , Order,, 422 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 309 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 286 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event), 487 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 530 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event), 382 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 411 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 513 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 276 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event), 485 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event), 380 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 393 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,, 511 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 277 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,,, 615 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event), 465 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 507 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 512 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),, 452 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 404 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),, 473 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 403 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,, 612 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 355 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 529 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 272 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event), 381 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 351 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 295 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 360 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 310 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 307 , Order on Sealed Motion

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(Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 508 . (Appeal Fee - Not Required for US Goverment.) (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Combined Orders)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
629 REPRESENTATION STATEMENT re Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 628 . (Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
630 ORDER GRANTING Joint Stipulation to Modify Modified Preliminary Injunction (ECF No. 596 ) 623 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr, this Court hereby enters the following modifications to the modified preliminary injunction (ECF No. 596): The weekly testing required at page 12, paragraph 3 of the modified preliminary injunction shall continue on a weekly basis for four weeks, through 10/26/2020. The parties shall meet and confer and submit a proposal to the Court regarding the need, if any, for additional testing beyond that four-week period. (SEE ORDER FOR FURTHER DETAILS). (jp) (Entered: 10/02/2020)
631 BAIL ORDER, 620 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Hugo Gomez Osorio ["the Class Member"], together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member has failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that he will not be a flight risk. IT IS ORDERED that the bail application, be, and hereby is, DENIED. (shb) (Entered: 10/05/2020)
632 BAIL ORDER, 621 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Jacqueline VanBenzooyen {"the Class Member"], together with the moving opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that she will not be a danger to the community. IT IS ORDERED that the bail application be, and hereby is, DENIED. (shb) (Entered: 10/05/2020)
633 ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION TO MODIFY CONDITIONS OF RELEASE FOR CLASS MEMBER ROT MYTHONG 606 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Pursuant to the parties stipulation and for good cause shown, this Court hereby enters the following modifications to the terms and conditions of Member Rot Mythongs release. See ECF Nos. 443 (Bail Application) (sealed); 465 (Bail Order); 499 (Order Granting Stip To Modify Release Conditions) (sealed). 1. Mr. Mythong shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Second Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class Member Rot Mythong [the Approved Residence];2. In the event Mr. Mythong is required to move to another transitional home to comply with the requirements of his parole, he shall notify ICE either (a) 7 days before any transfer or, (b) in the event he receives notice less than 7 days before any transfer, within 24 hours of receiving such notice; and when he does so,he shall provide ICE with the name, phone number, and address of his planned new residence; 3. The Class Member shall be

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transported to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Second Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class Member Rot Mythong. All other conditions of release set forth in the Bail Order, ECF No. 465, remain the same. (shb) (Entered: 10/05/2020)
634 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jorge Luis Rodriguez Perez re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-J)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/05/2020)
635 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (October 5, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/05/2020)
636 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Enlargement of Time to File BRIEF REGARDING MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE POPULATION FOR SOCIAL DISTANCING filed by respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order) (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/05/2020)
637 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 635 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jorge Luis Rodriguez Perez re Order 124 634 served on October 5, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/05/2020)
638 BRIEF REGARDING MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE POPULATION FOR SOCIAL DISTANCING re EX PARTE APPLICATION for Reconsideration re Order on Motion for Temporary Restraining Order,,, 561 570 and Modified Preliminary Injunction 596 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit 1 - RES00132-35, # 2 Exhibit 2 Deposition Transcript of James Janecka, # 3 Exhibit 3 - Decl. of Gabriel Valdez (May 14, 2020), # 4 Exhibit 4 - Deposition Transcript of Gabriel Valdez, # 5 Exhibit 5 - Deposition Transcript of Dr. Robert Greifinger, # 6 Exhibit 6 - CDC Interim Guidance, # 7 Exhibit 7 - CDC Appendices, # 8 Exhibit 8 World Health Organization Guidance)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/05/2020)
639 DECLARATION of Gabriel Valdez re Motion Related Document,,, 638 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 10/05/2020)
640 SEALED DOCUMENT Census of Adelanto Detainees re Preliminary Injunction,,,,,,,,, 596 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James

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Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Acronym/Abbreviation Key)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/05/2020)
648 NOTIFICATION from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals of case number assigned and briefing schedule. Appeal Docket No. 20-56026 assigned to Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, 628 as to Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (shb) (Entered: 10/06/2020)
641 BAIL ORDER, 634 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Jorge Rodriguez Perez ["the Class Member"], together with the moving and opposing papers, The Court finds that the Class member failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that he will not be a danger to the community, IT IS ORDERED that the bail application be, and hereby is, DENIED. (shb) (Entered: 10/06/2020)
642 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Antonio Ortega Osorio re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-R)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/06/2020)
643 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Carlos Garcia Umana re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-O)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/06/2020)
644 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Kulwant Sidhu re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-M)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/06/2020)
645 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet of additional Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/06/2020)
646 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (October 6, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/06/2020)
647 ORDER RE: RESPONDENTS - DEFENDANTS EX PARTE MOTION FOR LEAVE TO FILE BRIEF REGARDING MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE POPULATION FOR SOCIAL DISTANCING 636 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Respondents Ex Parte Application is GRANTED. Respondents may file their Brief Regarding Maximum Allowable Population For Social Distancing as ordered by the Court

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(ECF No. 596) by 3 p.m. Pacific Time on October 5, 2020. (shb) (Entered: 10/06/2020)
649 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Kulwant Sidhu re Order 124 644 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Carlos Garcia Umana re Order 124 643 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Antonio Ortega Osorio re Order 124 642 , Sealed Document 646 served on October 6, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/06/2020)
650 SEALED DOCUMENT JOINT STATUS REPORT REGARDING DETAINEES WITH STAYED BAIL RELEASE ORDERS re Order,,, Set/Reset Deadlines,, 627 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/06/2020)
651 STATUS REPORT REGARDING ADELANTO RESPONSE TO COVID19 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Gabriel Valdez)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/06/2020)
652 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Sokuntheary Heng re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-J)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/07/2020)
653 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jose Guadalupe Mendez Silva re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-N)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/07/2020)
654 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (October 7, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/07/2020)
655 ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION TO MODIFY CONDITIONS OF RELEASE FOR CLASS MEMBER TO MODIFY CONDITIONS OF RELEASE FOR CLASS MEMBER TABALI ITA NYUINDAINE, 524 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Pursuant to the stipulation, and for good cause, this Court enters the following modification to the term and conditions of Class Member Tabali Ita Nyuindaine's release, see ECF No. 349; 1. Ms Nyuindaine may change her residence to the address submitted to the Court in the Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class member Tabali Ita Nyuindaine

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{"the New Approved Residence"]; 2. Ms. Nyuindaine shall be transported from her current address to the new Approved Residence via the methods, and by the persons, submitted to the Court in the Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of release for Class Member Tabali Ita Nyuindaine. All other conditions of release set forth in the Bail Order, ECF No. 349, remain the same. (shb) (Entered: 10/07/2020)
656 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 654 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Sokuntheary Heng re Order 124 652 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jose Guadalupe Mendez Silva re Order 124 653 served on October 7, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/07/2020)
657 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Mfon Nnah Umanah re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-O)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/08/2020)
658 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Vasil Vukaj re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-Q)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/08/2020)
659 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (October 8, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/08/2020)
660 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 659 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Vasil Vukaj re Order 124 658 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Mfon Nnah Umanah re Order 124 657 served on October 8, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/08/2020)
661 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Kevin Gakumo Nganga re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-M)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/09/2020)
662 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has reviewed the Governments status report, entitled Adelantos response to COVID-19,

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filed on October 6, 2020 [the Status Report]. The Status Report was not filed in response to a Court order. The Government shall keep the Court apprised of the most current and up to date information it has regarding the COVID-19 outbreak and any changes to the conditions of confinement at Adelanto. To help ensure that the Court is kept apprised of the most current and up to date information, the Government shall file by 2:00 p.m. on every Court day, starting on October 13, 2020, a Daily Housing and COVID-19 Status Report, which shall include: 1. A summary chart indicating: A. The number of COVID-19 positive and negative detainees currently in each housing unit; B. The dates and results of all saturation and individual COVID-19 tests, including the number of detainees awaiting results and the number of detainees who refused to be tested, broken down by housing unit for the prior 21 day period; and C. The maximum capacity of each housing unit. 2. A summary chart indicating the number of detainees who refused to be tested for COVID19, broken down by housing unit. 3. A list of the housing units that are under quarantine. 4. A list of the housing units that are designated only for COVID-19 positive detainees. 5. The number of detainees hospitalized for COVID-19-related reasons. 6. The number of detainees housed in Adelantos medical unit for COVID-19- related reasons. 7. A summary of the COVID-19 cases among Adelantos staff. 8. Any new or changed information regarding COVID-19 or any conditions of confinement at Adelanto. Finally, in addition to the information ordered in the Modified Preliminary Injunction to be reported in the complete weekly detainee census, the Government shall, also, report the dates and results of each detainees last three COVID-19 tests. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 10/09/2020)
663 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Leszek Stefanski re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-K)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/09/2020)
664 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (October 9, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/09/2020)
665 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Leszek Stefanski re Order 124 663 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Kevin Gakumo Nganga re Order 124 661 , Sealed Document 664 served on October 9, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/09/2020)

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666 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Leave to file Reply in support of Brief Regarding Maximum Allowable Population For Social Distancing filed by respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Hans H. Chen, # 2 Proposed Order) (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/09/2020)
667 ORDER, 666 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: GRANTING, 666 MOTION for Leave to File Reply Brief Regarding Maximum Allowable Population For Social Distancing. It is hereby ORDERED that the Motion is granted, and It is hereby FURTHER ORDERED that respondents shall file their Reply Brief Regarding Maximum Allowable Population For Social Distancing of no more than four pages by October 13, 2020.SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 10/09/2020)
668 ANSWER to Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus,, 1 and Class Action Complaint for Injunctive and Declaratory Relief filed by DefendantsRespondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/09/2020)
669 BRIEF filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. in Response to Defendants' Brief Regarding Maximum Allowable Population for Social Distancing 638 (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Kyle Virgien, # 2 Exhibit 1, # 3 Exhibit 2, # 4 Exhibit 3, # 5 Exhibit 4, # 6 Exhibit 5, # 7 Exhibit 6, # 8 Exhibit 7, # 9 Exhibit 8, # 10 Exhibit 9, # 11 Exhibit 10, # 12 Exhibit 11, # 13 Exhibit 12, # 14 Exhibit 13, # 15 Exhibit 14, # 16 Exhibit 15, # 17 Exhibit 16, # 18 Exhibit 17, # 19 Exhibit 18, # 20 Exhibit 19, # 21 Exhibit 20, # 22 Exhibit 21, # 23 Exhibit 22, # 24 Exhibit 23, # 25 Exhibit 24, # 26 Exhibit 25)(Virgien, Kyle) (Entered: 10/09/2020)
670 NOTICE of Manual Filing filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman of CD Containing Excerpts of August 10, 2020 Video Inspection of Adelanto Detention Center. (Virgien, Kyle) (Entered: 10/09/2020)
671 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Herman Heinmann re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-J)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/13/2020)
672 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Mario Munoz Guerrero re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/13/2020)
673 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (October 13, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea

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Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/13/2020)
674 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by Petitioners-Plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Mario Munoz Guerrero re Order 124 672 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Herman Heinmann re Order 124 671 , Sealed Document 673 served on October 13, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/13/2020)
675 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID-19 STATUS REPORT filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/13/2020)
676 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/13/2020)
677 SEALED DOCUMENT WEEKLY CENSUS OF ADELANTO DETAINEES re Preliminary Injunction,,,,,,,,, 596 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/13/2020)
678 REPLY filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf to Motion Related Document,,, 638 (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/13/2020)
679 DECLARATION of Hans H. Chen re Reply 678 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A - Dep. Tr. of Rot Mythong, # 2 Exhibit B Dep. Tr. of Karapet Davtyan, # 3 Exhibit C - Dep. Tr. of Luis Yboy, # 4 Exhibit D - RES00806-07, # 5 Exhibit E - Response to 2d Set of Interrogatories, # 6 Exhibit F - Dep. Tr. of Dr. Robert Greifinger, # 7 Exhibit G - Dep. Tr. of Gabriel Valdez, # 8 Exhibit H - Dep. Tr. of James Janecka)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/13/2020)
715 MEMORANDUM from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals filed re: Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals,, 56 filed by David Marin, Chad F. Wolf, Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka. CCA # 20-55436. Based on the foregoing, the preliminary injunction order is affirmed in part and vacated in part, and the case is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this disposition. (car) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
716 MEMORANDUM from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals filed re: Notice of Appeal to 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, 131 filed by David Marin, Chad F. Wolf, Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka. CCA # 20-55662. The exceptional circumstances required to justify our exercise of

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mandamus jurisdiction are not present here. DISMISSED. (car) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
680 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Biak Peng re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-L)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/14/2020)
681 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Francisco Aguilar Torres re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-P)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/14/2020)
682 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (October 14, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/14/2020)
683 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 682 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Biak Peng re Order 124 680 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Francisco Aguilar Torres re Order 124 681 served on October 14, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/14/2020)
684 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID-19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 14, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/14/2020)
685 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, a Telephonic Status Conference for appointment of special master hearing is set for October 19, 2020 at 10:00 a.m. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 10/14/2020)
686 ADELANTO POPULATION REDUCTION ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court expects the ordered reports to be filed on time, unless the Government seeks, and the Court grants, leave before each days filing deadline. This case involves human lives whose reasonable safety is entitled to be enforced and protected by the Court pursuant to the United States Constitution. Accordingly, the Court is contemplating the appointment of a Special Master, to be paid by the Government, to ensure that the information the Court receives in this case is both accurate and timely. The Clerk of Court will send out a separate notice of a status conference where the Court will discuss the possible appointment of a

Special Master. The Court is concerned that: (1) Adelanto staff is not adequately educating the class members about the transmission risks of COVID-19 and the disease containment benefits of wearing masks and maintaining a social distance; (2) Adelantos staff are not all wearing masks when in housing units, as ordered by the Modified Preliminary Injunction; and (3) Adelanto is not sufficiently isolating or quarantining detainees who are symptomatic of COVID-19, suspected of having COVID-19, or have been confirmed positive for COVID-19. Accordingly, the Court rejects the Governments alternative proposed maximum capacity target of 1,052 detainees, and accepts the Governments first proposed maximum capacity target of 475 detainees. In its brief, the Government stated that it could safely reduce Adelantos detainee population by 50 detainees per day. The Court accepts that number as reasonable. Starting on October 19, 2020, the Government shall forthwith reduce the detainee population of Adelanto by at least 50 detainees each day by either releasing or deporting Adelanto detainees until the detainee population is at or below 475. The Government may impose reasonable conditions of release, including GPS monitoring, on any class member selected for release. The Government may deport any class member who has final deportation orders, has exhausted all appeals, and is otherwise deportable. In determining which Adelanto detainees to release or deport, the Government shall proceed in the following order until the maximum capacity target of 475 detainees, or fewer, is reached: All Fraihat subclass members who are not subject to a mandatory detention order, as set forth in Judge Jesus Bernals order, granting in part and denying in part, Plaintiffs Motion to Enforce the April 20, 2020, Preliminary Injunction in Fraihat v. ICE. All detainees who are over the age of 55 years old or have one or more pre-existing conditions recognized by the CDC as putting them at high risk for COVID-19 complications but are not Fraihat subclass members and who are not subject to a mandatory detention order, do not have any outstanding arrest warrants, and do not have any pending felony criminal charges; All detainees who do not have any felony criminal convictions, do not have any outstanding arrest warrants and do not have any pending felony criminal charges; then All detainees who do not have any outstanding arrest warrants and do not have any pending felony criminal charges. The Government shall not release any detainee whose most recent COVID-19 test was positive, who is suspected of being COVID-19 positive, or is in isolation or quarantine housing, until that detainee tests negative on a subsequent test and is symptom free. Further, if a detainee is symptomatic of COVID-19 but tests negative, that detainee shall not be released until obtaining a second negative test. All subsequent COVID-19 tests shall be administered within a 7 day period. The Court will consider individualized requests by the Government to exclude particular class members from the above release sequence. If the Government desires to keep a class member detained, the parties shall follow the Courts

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procedures for bail applications. Namely, each release exclusion application shall be filed as a joint stipulation following the general format set forth in Local Rules 37-2.1 and 37-2.2 for discovery stipulations, but subject to the specific rules set forth in this order. The position papers of both the Government and Class Counsel, along with any relevant declarations and exhibits, shall be compiled into a single document for each class member as follows: Each exclusion bail application shall be for a single class member, and shall be filed as a separate docket number. The Government shall transmit to Class Counsel, via email, its briefs in support of each exclusion application, along with all of its declarations and exhibits to be offered in support of each respective application. Based on the number of release exclusion applications the Government files, the Court may order the Government to file a daily summary spreadsheet. However, at this time, a daily spreadsheet need not be filed. This Population Reduction Order does not prevent any class member from seeking bail pursuant to the bail application process previously ordered by the Court. This Population Reduction Order is a supplement to the Modified Preliminary Injunction. As recognized by the Ninth Circuit in its order dismissing the Governments appeal of the bail application process order, the relief provided by the class-wide preliminary injunction is different from the individualized relief granted by way of the bail orders. However, to reserve resources, the Court urges Class Counsel to not seek bail for any class member likely to be released or deported pursuant to this Population Reduction Order. The Government shall not arrest or re-detain any released class member without first obtaining a prior order from this Court. Adelanto shall continue to not accept new or transfer detainees, pending further order of the Court. The Governments Daily Housing and COVID-19 Status Report, as required bythe Courts order of October 9, 2020, shall, also, include a daily count of Adelantos total detainee population and a status report of the number of class members released or deported pursuant to this Adelanto Population Reduction Order. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/15/2020)
687 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID- 19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 15, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/15/2020)
688 NOTICE of errata to Daily Status Report, Oct. 13 filed by respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Redacted Document)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/15/2020)
689 ORDER, 434 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for Edurardo Sancez Gutierrez, together with the moving and opposing papers. Eduardo Sanchez Gutierrez as removed from the

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United States on October 8, 2020. Accordingly, IT IS ORDERED that Eduardo Sanchez Gutierrez's bail application be, and hereby, is DENIED as moot. (shb) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
690 BAIL ORDER, 525 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Milly Kalulu from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order, and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center[Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
691 ORDER, 531 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court granted bail to class member Shijia Liu on September 16, 2020, but, then, stayed that bail order on September 17, 2020, due to the COVID-19 outbreak at Adelanto and the Courts lack of information at that time regarding the outbreak. The Court has been provided with additional information and has reassessed the risks. Accordingly, It is Ordered that the stay of Shijia Lius bail order be, and hereby is, Lifted. It is further Ordered that Shijia Liu shall be released within 72 hours of this order and pursuant to the conditions previously ordered by the Court in her bail order. (shb) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
692 EX PARTE APPLICATION to file document Daily Housing and COVID-19 Status Report for October 13, 2020, Dkt. 675 under seal filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration of Hans H. Chen)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
693 PROPOSED ORDER re EX PARTE APPLICATION to file document Daily Housing and COVID-19 Status Report for October 13, 2020, Dkt. 675 under seal 692 filed by Respondents James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
694 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID-19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 16, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T.

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Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
695 ORDER, 692 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: EX PARTE APPLICATION to Seal Document IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the Motion is granted, and IT IS HEREBY FURTHER ORDERED that the Daily Housing and Covid-19 Status Report for October 13, 2020, originally filed publicly at Dkt. 675, is to be sealed. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
696 AMENDED ORDER, 531 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court granted bail to class member Shijia Liu on September 16, 2020, but, then, stayed that bail order on September 17, 2020, due to the COVID-19 outbreak at Adelanto and the Courts lack of information at that time regarding the outbreak. The Court has been provided with additional information and has reassessed the risks. Accordingly, It is Ordered that the stay of Shijia Lius bail order be, and hereby is, Lifted. It is further Ordered that Shijia Liu shall be released within 72 hours of this order and pursuant to the conditions previously ordered by the Court in her bail order. It is further Ordered that the release of Shijia Liu shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. (shb) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
697 BAIL ORDER, 292 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Mario Flores Giron from custody from the detention facility in Florence, Arizona within 72 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in theClass Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Florence, Arizona detention facility [Arizona Facility] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
698 BAIL ORDER, 491 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that

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Respondents shall release Homero Martinez Gonzalez from custody within 48 hours of his discharge from Victor Valley Medical Center, provided he gets a negative result on his next COVID-19 test, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center[Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by theperson, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
699 AMENDED BAIL ORDER, 525 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Milly Kalulu from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order, and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center[Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by theperson, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class

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Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
700 BAIL ORDER, 578 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Richard Albert Cedeno Donastorg from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
701 BAIL ORDER, 591 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Ricardo Lemus Menjivar from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of

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removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
702 BAIL ORDER, 607 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Jesus Zeferino Hernandez from custody within 72 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/16/2020)
703 BAIL ORDER, 652 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Sokuntheary Hengfrom custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class

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Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
704 BAIL ORDER, 653 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Jose Guadelupe Mendez Silvafrom custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
705 BAIL ORDER, 657 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Mfon Nnah Umanah from custody within 48 hours of his release from quarantine or isolation, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is

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further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
706 BAIL ORDER, 658 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Vasil Vukaj from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority toremove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
707 BAIL ORDER, 661 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Kevin Gakumo Nganga {"Class Member"{, together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that he will not be a danger to public safety. IT IS ORDERED that the bail application be, and hereby is DENIED. (shb) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
708 ORDER, 663 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Leszek Stefanski [the Class Members], together with the moving and opposing papers. The Government shall prepare and transmit, within two days, to Class Counsel a supplemental declaration setting forth additional information and documentation regarding whether there is an outstanding arrest warrant in Poland for the Class Member and/or a further explanation as to why and how the Class Member is wanted in Poland. Class Counsel shall have two business days from the date they are presented with the Governments supplemental

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declaration to prepare a supplemental opposition, ifany. The supplemental opposition shall be transmitted to the Government. TheGovernment, then, may append a supplemental reply to the supplemental opposition. The supplemental declarations, the supplemental opposition, if any, and the supplemental reply, if any, shall be filed as a single document within two business days of receipt of the supplemental opposition, if any. The supplemental briefs shall each be no more than two pages. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
709 BAIL ORDER, 671 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Herman Heinmann from custody within 48 hours of his release from quarantine or isolation, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
710 BAIL ORDER, 672 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Mario Munoz Guerrero ["Class Member", together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that he will not be a danger to public safety. IT IS ORDERED that the bail application be, and hereby is DENIED. (shb) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
711 BAIL ORDER, 680 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Biak Peng [the Class Member], together with the moving and opposing papers. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Biak Peng from custody within 48 hours of his release from quarantine or isolation, and he shall remain released

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pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. It is further Ordered that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. It is further Ordered that this order does not limit Respondents authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. (shb) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
712 BAIL ORDER, 681 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Francisco Aguilar Torres {"Class Member"], together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that he will not be a danger to public society, IT IS ORDERED that the bail application be, and hereby is DENIED. (shb) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
713 SEALED DOCUMENT Weekly Census of Adelanto Detainees re Preliminary Injunction,,,,,,,,, 596 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Unredacted Document, # 2 Unredacted Document)(Robins, Jeffrey) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
714 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID-19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 19, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
717 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for Roman class members re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/19/2020)
725 MINUTES OF TELEPHONIC STATUS CONFERENCE held before Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The case is called and counsel state their appearance. The Court and counsel confer. Following discussions with the parties, the Court will appoint a Special Master in this case and will then set a new Status Conference. IT IS SO ORDERED. Court Reporter: Jean Kim. (shb) (Entered: 10/20/2020)

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718 SEALED DOCUMENT SUPPLEMENTAL JOINT STATUS REPORT REGARDING DETAINEES WITH STAYED BAIL RELEASE ORDERS re Order,,, Set/Reset Deadlines,, 627 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/20/2020)
719 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Julio Balvaneda Raddatz re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-M)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/20/2020)
720 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Laura Galvez Munoz re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-P)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/20/2020)
721 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (October 20, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/20/2020)
722 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID- 19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 20, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/20/2020)
723 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Julio Balvaneda Raddatz re Order 124 719 , Sealed Document 721 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Laura Galvez Munoz re Order 124 720 served on October 20, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/20/2020)
724 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the motions to intervene filed by class members Salvadore Chavez Gonzalez [dkt # 359], Daniel Varela Reyes [dkt # 413], and Victor Sanchez Negron [dkt # 447] [collectively, the Proposed Interveners], together with the moving and opposing papers. IT IS ORDERED that the motions to intervene be, and hereby is, DENIED. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/20/2020)
726 ORDER APPOINTING SPECIAL MASTER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr.: It is Ordered that Chief Magistrate Judge Patrick Walsh (retired) be, and hereby is, Appointed as the Special Master in this case. Judge Walshs address is Signature Resolution, 633 West Fifth Street, Suite 1000, Los Angeles, California 90071. His email address is

JudgeWalsh@SignatureResolution.com. It is further Ordered that the Special Master shall have the authority to perform the following tasks, with broad discretion, subject to the Courts oversight: 1. Monitor and enforce the Governments compliance with the Courts Modified Preliminary Injunction, the Adelanto Population Reduction Order, the Courts order mandating timely and accurate Daily Housing and COVID19 Status Reports, and the Courts order mandating an accurate weekly detainee census [collectively, the Orders]; Inspect Adelanto at any time he deems appropriate; Meet, remotely or in person, with the Parties and/or their counsel to receive evidence and/or to hear arguments relating to compliance with the Courts Orders; Gather information and documents, by interview, by order, or otherwise, relating to compliance with the Courts Orders; It is further Ordered that any party may seek review of an order, factual finding or Report and Recommendation issued by the Special Master, pursuant to Rule Fed. R. Civ. P. 53(f), except that an objection must be filed with the Court within seven days after the Special Master issues the order, findings or Report and Recommendation. It is further Ordered that the Special Master shall be permitted to engage in ex parte communications under the following circumstances, and shall include in his periodic Report and Recommendation to the Court a summary of all ex parte communications, except for ex parte communications with the Court, that he has had since his last Report and Recommendation: The Special Master may confer ex parte with the Court regarding any issue arising under, or relating to, this Order; the Special Masters communications with the Court shall be privileged and not subject todiscovery; It is further Ordered that any party may seek review of an order, factual finding or Report and Recommendation issued by the Special Master, pursuant to Rule Fed. R. Civ. P. 53(f), except that an objection must be filed with the Court within seven days after the Special Master issues the order, findings or Report and Recommendation. It is further Ordered that the Special Master shall be permitted to engage in ex parte communications under the following circumstances, and shall include in his periodic Report and Recommendation to the Court a summary of all ex parte communications, except for ex parte communications with the Court, that he has had since his last Report and Recommendation: The Special Master may confer ex parte with the Court regarding any issue arising under, or relating to, this Order; the Special Masters communications with the Court shall be privileged and not subject todiscovery; It is further Ordered that the Government shall provide the Special Master with, if he requests, suitable private office space at Adelanto where he can conduct interviews; at the Special Masters discretion, counsel may be present during the interviews. It is further Ordered that the Government shall provide the Special Master with contact information for any employee, agent, representative, contractor or subcontractor of the Government, the GEO Group or Wellpath that the Special Master deems necessary. It is further Ordered

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that the Special Master shall recover, from the Government, his reasonable fees and necessary expenses incurred for his work in this case, as well as the reasonable fees and necessary expenses of his Aides. The Special Master shall periodically file with the Court billing statements detailing such fees and costs. If the Government does not file an objection to a billing statement within tenbusiness days of filing, the Court shall deem the fees and costs in the billing statement to be reasonable and acceptable to the Government. Thereafter, the Government shall pay the fees and costs in a timely manner. If the Government objects to a billing statement, the Government shall file an objection to that billing statement within ten business days, and the Court will consider the objection. It is further Ordered that the parties and their counsel shall cooperate in good faith with the Special Master. It is further Ordered that the Special Master shall continue to serve until further order of the Court.It is further Ordered that the Court will consider motions or stipulations tomodify this Order Appointing Special Master. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/20/2020)
727 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS-ORDER AND NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Counsel are hereby notified that pursuant to the Judge's directive, a Status Conference hearing is now set for November 9, 2020 at 10:00 a.m. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 10/20/2020)
728 Mail Returned addressed to Russell Casio Bernardino re Order on Motion for Temporary Restraining Order,, 541 (shb) (Entered: 10/20/2020)
729 Mail Returned addressed to Russell Casio Bernardino re Minutes of In Chambers Order/Directive - no proceeding held, 553 (shb) (Entered: 10/20/2020)
730 BAIL ORDER, 576 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Neptali Loretp Morales ["Class Member:], together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member has established that his case is extraordinary, involves special circumstances, and has a high probability of success. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Neptali Loreto Morales from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center[Adelanto] directly to the Approved

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Residence via the method, and by theperson, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the oOurt may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy if this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
731 BAIL ORDER, 590 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Jose de Jesus Roman Villanueva ("the Class Member"}, together with the moving papers and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member has established that his case is extraordinary, involves special circumstances, and has a high probability of success. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Jose de Jesus Roman Villanueva from custody within 48 hours of his release from quarantine and/or isolation, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy if this bail order a the time of release. (shb) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
732 BAIL ORDER, 642 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Antonio Ortega Osorio {"the Class Member"}, together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member has established that his case is extraordinary, involves special circumstances, and has a high probability of success. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is,

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Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Antonio Ortega Osorio from custody within 48 hours of his release from quarantine and/or isolation, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy if this bail order a the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
733 BAIL ORDER, 644 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Kuwant Sidhu ["the Class Member"], together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member has established that his case is extraordinary, involves special circumstances, and has a high probability of success. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Kulwant Sidhu from custody within 48 hours of her release from quarantine and/or isolation, and she shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or re-detain the

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Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy if this bail order a the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
734 BAIL ORDER, 643 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Carlos Garcia Umama ("the Class Member"}, together with the moving papers and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member has established that his case is extraordinary, involves special circumstances, and has a high probability of success. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Jose de Jesus Roman Villanueva from custody within 48 hours of his release from quarantine and/or isolation, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order. It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of the following conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall not arrest or redetain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondents' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy if this bail order a the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
735 ORDER, 530 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court granted bail to class member Benito Bustos Gonzalez on September 16, 2020, but, then stayed that bail order on September 17,2020, due to the COVID-19 outbreak at Adelanto and the Court's lack of information at that time regarding that outbreak. The Court has been provided with additional information and has reassessed the risks. Accordingly, IT IS ORDERED that the stay of Benito Bustos Gonzalez's bail order be, and hereby is, LIFTED. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Benito Bustos Gonzalez shall be released within 48 hours of this order and pursuant to the conditions previously

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ordered by the Court in her bail order. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the release of Benito Bustos Gonzalez shall not count towards the daily minimun number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Court's Adelando Population Reduction Order. (shb) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
736 ORDER, 529 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr.: The Court granted bail to class member Arody Ramos Tome on September 16, 2020, but, then stayed that bail order on September 17,2020, due to the COVID-19 outbreak at Adelanto and the Court's lack of information at that time regarding that outbreak. The Court has been provided with additional information and has reassessed the risks. Accordingly, IT IS ORDERED that the stay of Arody Ramos Tome's bail order be, and hereby is, LIFTED. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Arody Ramos Tome shall be released within 48 hours of this order and pursuant to the conditions previously ordered by the Court in her bail order. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the release of Arody Ramos Tome shall not count towards the daily minimun number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Court's Adelando Population Reduction Order. (shb) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
737 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Gabriel Zakharia re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-M)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
738 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (October 21, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
739 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 738 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Gabriel Zakharia re Order 124 737 served on October 21, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
740 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID- 19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 21, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
741 Special Master Affidavit filed by Special Master Patrick Walsh (Walsh, Patrick) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
742 Minute Order setting status conference with Special Master (Walsh, Patrick) (Entered: 10/21/2020)

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743 AMENDED DOCUMENT filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. Amendment to Status Report 740 AMENDED DAILY HOUSING AND COVID-19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 21, 2020 (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
744 BAIL ORDER, 563 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Francisco Andres Pedro {"Class Member"], together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member has established that his case is extraordinary, involves special circumstances, and has a high probability of success. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Granted. It is further Ordered that Respondents shall release Francisco Andres Pedro from custody within 48 hours of the filing of this order, and he shall remain released pending further order of this Court. It is further Ordered that the release of this Class Member shall not count towards the daily minimum number of Adelanto detainees that must be released pursuant to the Courts Adelanto Population Reduction Order.It is further Ordered that the Class Member shall comply with all of thefollowing conditions of release: The Class Member shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application [the Approved Residence]. The Class Member shall be transported from the Adelanto Detention Center [Adelanto] directly to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Class Members bail application. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Court may modify or revoke this bail order if the Class Member violates any of the above conditions of release. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this order does not limit Respondent' authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Respondents shall provide the Class Member with a copy of this bail order at the time of release. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/21/2020)
745 ORDER, 569 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Ramon Isedro Reymundo ["the Class Members"}, together with the moving and opposing papers. The Class Member shall prepare and deliver to Respondents a supplemental declaration setting forth the name(s) of the alleged or proven victim(s) for his arrest and convictions related to sexual battery and assault. Respondents shall have 2 business days from the date they are presented with the Class Member's supplemental declaration to prepare a supplemental opposition, if any. the supplemental opposition shall be transmitted to Class Counsel. Class Counsel, then may append a supplemental reply to the supplemental opposition, and then file the supplemental declarations, the supplemental opposition, if any, and the supplemental reply, if any, as a single document. The supplemental opposition and reply briefs shall each be no more than two pates. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 10/21/2020)

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746 ORDER 719 720 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. The Court has considered the bail applications for class members Julio Balvaneda Raddatz and Laura Galvez Munoz. It is Ordered that the bail applications be, and hereby are, Denied. (lom) (Entered: 10/22/2020)
747 NOTICE OF MOOTNESS RE: BAIL APPLICATION FOR CLASS MEMBER LESZEK STEFANSKI, DKT. 663 filed by RESPONDENTS Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/22/2020)
748 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID-19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 22, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/22/2020)
749 BAIL ORDER, 737 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class member Gabriel Zakharia [Class Member], together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that he will not be a danger to public safety. It is Ordered that the bail application be, and hereby is, Denied. (shb) (Entered: 10/22/2020)
750 BAIL ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr. Accordingly, It is Ordered that Leszek Stefanski's bail application be, and hereby is, Denied as moot. (lom) (Entered: 10/22/2020)
751 SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Andre Costa Soares re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibits A-O)(Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/23/2020)
752 SEALED DOCUMENT Daily Spreadsheet (October 23, 2020) re Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman.(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/23/2020)
753 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID- 19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 23, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/23/2020)
754 ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered Petitioner-Plaintiff Kelvin Hernandez Romans motion to modify the terms of his release, as set forth in the temporary restraining order issued on April 16, 2020, together with the moving and opposing papers. Roman, now, moves to modify the conditions of his release, as set forth in his TRO, to remove his home confinement restriction and to align his conditions of release to match the conditions of release set forth in the

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more recently issued bail orders. Given the current California and local health officer orders related to COVID-19, there is no longer a justifiable reason to continue the home confinement condition imposed by the TROs, especially given that Class Members released pursuant to the more recently issued bail orders are not subject to home confinement. It is ordered, sua sponte, that the terms and conditions of release set forth in all of the TROs issued by this Court in this case and all related cases, which orderedthe Government to release Class Members because the conditions of their confinement, as related to COVID-19, likely violated their constitutional rights, be, and hereby are, Modified as follows: The condition specified in each TRO that prevents the Class Member from leaving his or her approved residence be, and hereby is, Vacated so that the Class Member may, now, leave his or her approved residence to engage in any lawful activity; As an additional condition of release, the Class Member shall not possess any firearm, destructive device, or other dangerous weapon; The Government shall not arrest or re-detain the Class Member without first obtaining an order from this Court; and The TRO does not limit the Governments authority to remove the Class Member from the United States upon the issuance of a final order of removal. It is further ordered that all other terms and conditions of release of each TRO shall remain in effect, unless specifically modified by the Court. It is further ordered that the Government may file a motion, by October 29, 2020, based on good cause, to exclude any Class Members TRO from this Order. The Court will consider the exclusion motion, if filed, on an expedited basis. It is further ordered that this Order shall become effective on October 30, 2020, unless the Government files a motion to exclude a Class Members TRO before then; all TROs included in the motion to exclude shall remain in effect, as-is, pending further order of the Court. It is further ordered that Kelvin Hernandez Romans motion to modify the terms of his TRO be, and hereby is, Granted, effective immediately and shall not be subject to a motion to exclude. It is further ordered that Class Counsel shall provide a copy of this Order, on or after October 30, 2020, to each Class Member, or to that Class Members counsel in a related case, who was released pursuant to a TRO, unless the Government moves to exclude a Class Members TRO from this Order. See order for further details. (shb) (Entered: 10/23/2020)
755 PROOF OF SERVICE filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman, re Sealed Document 752 , SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Andre Costa Soares re Order 124 751 served on October 23, 2020. (Barnett, Amanda) (Entered: 10/23/2020)
756 SEALED DOCUMENT Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class Member Mfon Umanah re Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,,, 705 , SEALED NOTICE OF

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MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Mfon Nnah Umanah re Order 124 657 , Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration, # 2 Proposed Order, # 3 Proof of Service)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/23/2020)
757 SEALED DOCUMENT Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class Member Jongseo Lee re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Jongseo Lee re Order 124 568 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,,, 615 , Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration, # 2 Proposed Order, # 3 Proof of Service)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/23/2020)
758 SEALED DOCUMENT Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class Member Silvia Fabiola Ramirez re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION Re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Fabiola Ramirez Macias re Order 124 543 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,, 613 , Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Declaration, # 2 Proposed Order, # 3 Proof of Service)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/23/2020)
759 SEALED DOCUMENT WEEKLY CENSUS OF ADELANTO DETAINEES, OCTOBER 26, 2020 re Preliminary Injunction,,,,,,,,, 596 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/26/2020)
760 ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION TO MODIFY CONDITIONS OF RELEASE FOR CLASS MEMBER JONGSEO LEE, 757 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Pursuant to the parties stipulation and for good cause shown, this Court hereby enters the following modifications to the terms and conditions of Class Member Jongseo Lees release. See ECF Nos. 568 (Bail Application) (sealed); 615 (Bail Order). 1. Mr. Lee shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class Member Jongseo Lee [the Approved Residence]; 2. Mr. Lee shall be transported to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class Member Jongseo Lee. All other conditions of release set forth in the Bail Order, ECF No. 615, remain the same. (shb) (Entered: 10/26/2020)
761 ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION TO MODIFY CONDITIONS OF RELEASE FOR CLASS MEMBER SILVIA FABIOLA RAMIREZ 758 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Pursuant to the parties stipulation and for good cause shown, this Court hereby enters the following modifications to the terms and conditions of Class Member Silvia Fabiola Ramirezs release. See ECF Nos. 543 (Bail Application)

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(sealed); 613 (Bail Order). 1. Ms. Ramirez shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class Member Silvia Fabiola Ramirez [the Approved Residence]; 2. Ms. Ramirez shall be transported to the Approved Residence via the method, and by the person, submitted to the Court in the Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class Member Silvia Fabiola Ramirez. All other conditions of release set forth in the Bail Order, ECF No. 613, remain the same. (shb) (Entered: 10/26/2020)
762 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID-19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 26, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/26/2020)
763 Minutes of 10.22 Status Conference with Special Master filed by Special Master Patrick Walsh (Walsh, Patrick) (Entered: 10/26/2020)
764 EX PARTE APPLICATION for Leave to file Amended Census of Adelanto Detainees filed by respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order) (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/26/2020)
765 SEALED DOCUMENT Amended Census of Adelanto Detainees, October 26, 2020 re EX PARTE APPLICATION for Leave to file Amended Census of Adelanto Detainees 764 , Preliminary Injunction,,,,,,,,, 596 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/26/2020)
766 SEALED - ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION TO MODIFY CONDITIONS OF RELEASE FOR CLASS MEMBER MFON UMANAH 758 (bm) (Entered: 10/26/2020)
767 ORDER RE: RESPONDENTS- DEFENDANTS EX PARTE APPLICATION FOR LEAVE TO FILE AMENDED WEEKLY CENSUS OF ADELANTODETAINEES 764 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: Good cause having been shown, Respondents Ex Parte Application For Leave To File Amended Weekly Census Of Adelanto Detainees is GRANTED, and IT ORDERED THAT Respondents may file an amended weekly census of Adelanto Detainees for October 26, 2020 by 2 p.m. Pacific Time on October 26, 2020. It is SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 10/26/2020)
768 ORDER DELEGATING TO SPECIAL MASTER AUTHORITY TO APPROVE GOVERNMENTS REQUESTS TO FILE REPORTS AFTER DEADLINES by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has ordered the government to file daily status reports by 2:00 p.m. and weekly status reports by Monday at noon. On occasion, the government has found it necessary to move ex parte to file those reports after the deadline or to amend the reports after the deadline. The Court now delegates to the Special Master the authority to address future requests to file these

10/27/2020 10/27/2020
10/27/2020 10/27/2020
10/28/2020 10/29/2020

documents after the deadline or to file amended reports once they have been filed. delegation is not meant to nor should it be interpreted as a change in the Courts prior order requiring the government to file the reports on time. Rather, in the interest of efficiency, the Court delegates to Judge Walsh discretion to allow or not allow the government to file a report after the deadline or to amend a report after it has been filed and he may set up an informal process to deal with such requests if he so chooses. (shb) (Entered: 10/26/2020)
769 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for Adelanto detainees re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf.(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/27/2020)
770 SEALED DOCUMENT Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class Member Antonio Ortega Osorio re SEALED NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION re Bail Application filed by Petitioner Antonio Ortega Osorio re Order 124 642 , Order on Sealed Motion (Generic sealed motion type event),,,,,,, 732 , Order 124 filed by Petitioners Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Bansal, Jessica) (Entered: 10/27/2020)
771 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID-19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 27, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/27/2020)
772 ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION TO MODIFY CONDITIONS OF RELEASE FOR CLASS MEMBER ANTONIO ORTEGA OSORIO by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr, 770 : Pursuant to the parties stipulation and for good cause shown, this Court hereby enters the following modifications to the terms and conditions of Class Member Antonio Ortega Osorios release. See ECF Nos. 642 (Bail Application) (sealed); 732 (Bail Order). 1. Mr. Ortega Osorio shall reside at the residence submitted to the Court in the Joint Stipulation to Modify Conditions of Release for Class MemberAntonio Ortega Osorio [the Approved Residence]. All other conditions of release set forth in the Bail Order, ECF No. 732, remain the same. (shb) (Entered: 10/28/2020)
773 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID-19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 28, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/28/2020)
776 Joint STIPULATION to Continue Scheduling Order Dates Re: Order,,,, Set/Reset Deadlines/Hearings,,, 602 filed by petitioners-plaintiffs Miguel Aguilar Estrada, Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez, Kelvin Hernandez Roman. (Attachments: # 1 Proposed Order)(Virgien, Kyle) (Entered: 10/29/2020)

10/29/2020 10/30/2020
10/30/2020 10/30/2020 10/30/2020
11/02/2020

777 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID-19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 29, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/29/2020)
778 MINUTE IN CHAMBERS - NOTICE TO ALL PARTIES OF COURT ORDER by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: On the Courts own motion, the Final Pretrial Conference currently scheduled for November 2, 2020, is hereby ordered continued to November 16, 2020 at 10:00 a.m. Counsel are reminded that all pretrial documents are due no later than 21 days before the final pretrial conference hearing date. Local Rule 16-7 (Pretrial documents: Memo of Contentions of Fact and Law, joint exhibit list, witness list and amended or proposed pretrial conference order). Motions in limine are to be filed no later than 30 days before the trial date. IT IS SO ORDERED. (shb) (Entered: 10/30/2020)
779 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID-19 STATUS REPORT, OCTOBER 30, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 10/30/2020)
780 BAIL ORDER, 751 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: The Court has considered the bail application for class members Andre Costa Soares, {"Class Member"}, together with the moving and opposing papers. The Court finds that the Class Member has failed to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, the he will not be a danger to public safety. IT IS ORDERED that the bail application be, and hereby is DENIED. (shb) (Entered: 10/30/2020)
781 ORDER GRANTING JOINT STIPULATION TO CONTINUE SCHEDULING ORDER DATES, 776 by Judge Terry J. Hatter, Jr: IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the Joint Stipulation is GRANTED. The scheduling order is modified as set forth below: Filing Deadline for Local Rule 16 Documents in Advance of the Final Pretrial Conference. Includes: Memorandum of Contentions of Fact and Law; Witness List, Joint Exhibits List, Final Pretrial Conference Order. Filing Deadline forMotions in Limine & Daubert Motions November 13, 2020; Final PretrialConference - January 25, 2020 at 10:00 a.m. Filing Deadline for Replies to Motions in Limine & Daubert - November 30, 2020. See order for further details. Motions (shb) (Entered: 11/02/2020)
782 SEALED DOCUMENT weekly Adelanto census, Nov. 2, 2020 re Preliminary Injunction,,,,,,,,, 596 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Unredacted Document Weekly Adelanto Census, Nov. 2, 2020, # 2 Unredacted Document Acronym & Abbreviation Key, Nov. 2, 2020)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 11/02/2020)

11/02/2020 11/02/2020

783 SEALED DOCUMENT spreadsheet information for Adelanto Detainees, Nov. 2, 2020 re Order 124 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Attachments: # 1 Unredacted Document Adelanto detainee spreadsheet information)(Chen, Hans) (Entered: 11/02/2020)
784 STATUS REPORT DAILY HOUSING AND COVID- 19 STATUS REPORT, NOVEMBER 2, 2020 filed by Respondents Matthew T. Albence, James Janecka, David Marin, Chad F. Wolf. (Chen, Hans) (Entered: 11/02/2020)

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 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 1 of 22 Page ID #:1

1

SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com

2

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com

3

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW

4

Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

5

Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201

6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)

7

Amanda.Barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)

8

Jessie.Cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

9

355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560

10

Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763

11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA EASTERN DIVISION

15

16 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

17

BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and

) )

ADELANTO COVID

)

18 all others similarly situated,

19

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

20 v.

) ) ) ) )

PETITION FOR WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS AND CLASS ACTION COMPLAINT FOR INJUNCTIVE AND DECLARATORY RELIEF

)

21

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security;

) )

22 MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy

)

Director and Senior Official Performing )

23

the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement;

) )

24

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and

) )

25 Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration )

and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES )

26

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

) )

27

) Respondents-Defendants. )

28

)

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 2 of 22 Page ID #:2

1

INTRODUCTION

2

1. Petitioners-Plaintiffs (Plaintiffs) are people held in civil immigration

3 detention at the Adelanto ICE Processing Center (“Adelanto”) in the midst of the

4 current COVID-19 pandemic. The only effective means of preventing the spread of

5 COVID 19 is social distancing—where people remain at least six feet apart from

6 each other. But conditions at Adelanto render that impossible. People sleep on

7 bunk beds in crowded cells or dormitories. They eat meals at packed tables, seated

8 shoulder to shoulder. They use communal bathrooms. They have little or no access

9 to hand sanitizer, gloves, or masks. The government’s own medical subject matter

10 experts have described this as a “tinderbox scenario.” On behalf of themselves and

11 a class of persons detained at Adelanto, Petitioners-Plaintiffs respectfully request

12 an order directing Defendants to implement social distancing at Adelanto,

13 including by releasing sufficient detainees to make social distancing possible.

14

2. Dr. Robert Greifinger, a physician with thirty years of experience in

15 medical care for detained populations, who has consulted for the Department of

16 Homeland Security and formerly managed medical care for inmates in the custody

17 of New York City and the New York State prison system, has concluded that

18 “Release is the most important means of mitigating the spread of COVID-19 in

19 Adelanto,” because “[s]ocial distancing . . . will be impossible in Adelanto without

20 significant downsizing.” Dr. Todd Schneberk, an emergency medicine physician

21 and assistant professor of clinical emergency medicine at the University of

22 Southern California, agrees that “the only effective action to combat COVID-19 at

23 Adelanto that is practically available at this time would be to implement social

24 distancing” but “it would not be possible to achieve adequate social distancing if

25 more than one person was housed in each cell” or “if bunks were within less than

26 8-10 feet of each other” as is the current practice.

27

3. Given the population density inside Adelanto and the practical

28 impossibility of achieving social distancing under current conditions, it is very

1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 3 of 22 Page ID #:3

1 likely that hundreds of people inside Adelanto, as well as many of the staff who

2 work there, will contract COVID-19. If the disease progresses as it usually does,

3 one in five of them will require hospitalization, overwhelming regional medical

4 capacity. Dozens will likely perish if conditions at Adelanto remain the same.

5

4. Over the past two weeks, this Court has ordered the immediate release

6 of at least two dozen individuals confined at Adelanto because of the enormous

7 risk to their health and safety, holding that “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil

8 detainee cannot be subject to the current conditions of confinement at Adelanto,”

9 where there is “potential exposure . . . to a serious, communicable disease . . . [that

10 is] very likely to cause a serious illness.” Castillo TRO at 9.1 See, e.g., Castillo v.

11

12

1 See, e.g., Castillo v. Barr (“Castillo TRO”), No. CV 20-00605 TJH

13 (AFMx), 2020 WL 1502864, at *11 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 27, 2020) (ordering two

14

detainees released); TRO and Order to Show Cause at 12, Fraihat v. Wolf (“Fraihat TRO”), No. ED-CV2000590-TJH (C.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020) (ordering a

15 detainee released); TRO and Order to Show Cause at 14, Hernandez v. Wolf

16

(“Hernandez TRO”), Case No. EDCV 20-00617 TJH (KSx), (C.D. Cal. Apr. 1, 2020), ECF No. 17; TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Sudney v. Wolf, Case No.

17 EDCV 20-00626 TJH (SHKx), (C.D. Cal. Apr. 2, 2020), ECF No. 12; TRO and

18

Order to Show Cause at 2, Munoz v. Wolf, Case No. EDCV 20-00625 TJH (SHKx), (C.D. Cal. Apr. 2, 2020), ECF No. 14; Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, No.

19 5:20-CV-00527 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020) ECF Nos. 35-39, 42-43 (granting

20

temporary restraining orders on behalf of six Adelanto detainees); TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Perez Cruz v. Barr, Case No. EDCV 20-00668 TJH, (C.D.

21 Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 8; TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Singh v. Barr,

22

Case No. EDCV 20-00653 TJH, (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 11; TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Nguyen v. Marin, Case No. EDCV 20-00646 TJH,

23 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 10; TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Bogle

24

v. Barr, Case No. EDCV 20-00650 TJH, (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 12; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Eyere v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00700-TJH-

25 MAA (C.D. Cal. Apr. 9, 2020), ECF No. 17; TRO and Order to Show Cause,

26

Yanez Montoya v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00713 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 10, 2020), ECF No. 11; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Hernandez Arevalo v. Wolf, Case No.

27 5:20-cv-00712 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 10, 2020), ECF No. 14; TRO and Order to

28 Show Cause, Zendejas Lopez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00702 (TJH) (C.D. Cal.

2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 4 of 22 Page ID #:4

1 Barr, TRO and Order to Show Cause (“Castillo TRO”), No. CV 20-605, Dkt. 32,

2 at 9 (March 27, 2020). Those decisions implement a Constitutional command: the

3 government cannot allow the people in its custody to suffer and die from infectious

4 disease. The risk of harm from COVID-19 is “so grave that it violates

5 contemporary standards of decency to expose anyone unwillingly to such a risk.”

6 Helling v. McKinney, 509 U.S. 25, 36 (1993).

7

5. The nature of the pandemic and ICE’s response has put all Adelanto

8 detainees at risk of COVID-19 infection. But the vast majority of them lack the

9 resources to file individual lawsuits. Moreover, even if they could all somehow

10 sue, piecemeal individualized litigation is too slow to meet the emergency at hand,

11 too disorganized to ensure an orderly process of release, and too resource-intensive

12 to be sustainable.

13

6. Therefore, this class action is a superior mechanism to address this

14 extraordinary crisis and resolve class members’ urgent claims for relief. Plaintiffs

15 propose, as one possible means of addressing this crisis, that this Court issue an

16 injunction to implement a truncated system for considering Proposed Class

17 Members’ claims for release, similar to that in place for ICE detainees in the

18 District of Massachusetts. See Savino v. Sousa, Mem. & Order at 7, 29, No. 20-cv-

19 10617-WGY (D. Mass. Apr. 8, 2020), ECF No. 64 (emphasis added).2 Such an

20 approach would allow this Court to assess the individual circumstances of

21 detainees at Adelanto, and craft appropriate conditions of release, as it has done in

22 Apr. 8, 2020), ECF No. 12; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Moreno v. Wolf, Case 23 No. 5:20-cv-00718 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 9, 2020), ECF No. 13.

24 2 Cf. In re Expedited Detention Hearing Procedures Effective April 7, 2020, 25 Miscellaneous General Order 20-12 (D. Alaska) (establishing expedited procedures
for consideration motions for pretrial and presentence release based on COVID26 19); Criminal Case Standing Order Re: Procedure for Review of Detention Orders 27 in Light of Coronavirus Pandemic, M.J. Nat Cousins, Effective March 16, 2020
(N.D. Cal.) (establishing expedited procedure for any request to reopen a detention 28 hearing on health grounds in light of COVID 19 pandemic).

3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 5 of 22 Page ID #:5

1 the many individual habeas petitions it has granted. But it would also allow for a

2 systematic and expeditious process where the vindication of any given detainee’s

3 constitutional rights does not turn on access to counsel, language and educational

4 skills, or sheer luck.

5

7. This Court is not alone in acting decisively in the face of this

6 enormous public health threat. Around the country, courts, government officials,

7 and prison systems are increasingly recognizing that release from detention is the

8 only way to protect incarcerated people from COVID-19. On March 24, a panel of

9 the Ninth Circuit sua sponte ordered the immediate release from civil detention of

10 an immigrant who is in removal proceedings, holding that release was necessary

11 “[i]n light of the rapidly escalating public health crisis, which public health

12 authorities predict will especially impact immigration detention centers.”

13 Xochihua-Jaimes v. Barr, No. 18-71460, 2020 WL 1429877, at *1 (9th Cir. Mar.

14 24, 2020). Most courts have reached the same conclusion. See, e.g., Coronel v.

15 Decker, 20-cv-2472, 2020 WL 1487274 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 27, 2020) (ordering

16 immediate release of four petitioners with chronic medical conditions on due

17 process grounds); People ex rel. Stoughton on behalf of Little et al. v. Brann, Index

18 No. 260154/2020 (Bronx Sup. Ct. Mar. 25, 2020) (ordering immediate release

19 of 106 petitioners held at Rikers on a non-criminal technical parole violation who

20 are older or have underlying medical conditions).3

21

22

3 See also Basank v. Decker, No. 1:20-cv-02518, 2020 WL 1481503 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 26, 2020) (same, for ten petitioners); Jovel v. Decker, 20 Civ. 308 (GBD)

23 (SN), 2020 WL 1467397 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 26, 2020) (ordering release of petitioner

24

with unspecified medical problems within eight days unless bond hearing provided); see also In re Extradition of Alejandro Toledo Manrique, Case No.

25 19-mj-71055-MAG-1 (TSH), 2020 WL 1307109, at *1 (N.D. Cal. Mar. 19, 2020)

26

(ordering the release of a 74-year old detainee after rejecting “the government’s suggestion that [the plaintiff] should wait until there is a confirmed outbreak of

27 COVID-19 in [the facility] before seeking release” as “impractical [because b]y

28 then it may be too late”); United States v. Perez, 19 Cr. 297 (PAE), 2020 WL

4

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 6 of 22 Page ID #:6

1

8. This Court should order Defendants to comply with the Fifth

2 Amendment by mandating social distancing at Adelanto, including by releasing a

3 sufficient number of detainees to make that social distancing possible.

4

JURISDICTION AND VENUE

5

9. Jurisdiction is proper and relief is available pursuant to 28 U.S.C.

6 § 1331 (federal question), 28 U.S.C. § 1346 (original jurisdiction), 5 U.S.C. § 702

7 (waiver of sovereign immunity), 28 U.S.C. § 2241 (habeas corpus jurisdiction),

8 and Article I, Section 9, clause 2 of the United States Constitution (the Suspension

9 Clause). This Court has the power in equity to issue declaratory and injunctive

10 relief for violations of the Constitution by federal officials. See Ex Parte Young,

11 209 U.S. 123 (1907); Philadelphia Co. v. Stimson, 223 U.S. 605, 620 (1912)

12 (applying Ex Parte Young principle to federal government officials); 5 U.S.C.

13

14 1329225, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 19, 2020) (ordering release of detainee with serious

15

lung disease and other significant health problems); United States v. Fellela, No. 3:19-cr-79, 2020 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 49198, at *1 (D. Conn. Mar. 20, 2020)

16 (ordering release of diabetic criminal defendant awaiting sentencing, even though

17

there had been no confirmed COVID-19 cases in the facility and despite government’s steps to prevent the spread of coronavirus); United States v.

18 Stephens, 15-cr-95 (AJN), 2020 WL 1295155, at *2 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 19, 2020)

19 (releasing pretrial detainee in light of “the unprecedented and extraordinarily dangerous nature of the COVID-19 pandemic”); State v. Ferguson, Order, No.
20 2019-270536-FH (Mich. Ct. App. Mar. 23, 2020) (ordering defendant’s immediate

21 release on bond due to “the public health factors arising out of the present public health emergency”); In re Request to Commute or Suspend County Jail Sentences,
22 Dkt. No. 084230 (N.J. Mar. 22, 2020) (court consent order, creating immediate

23 presumption of release for every person serving a county jail sentence based on

COVID-19).

24

Additional cases ordering release of civil immigration detainees include

25 Malam v. Adduci, No. 20 Civ. 10829, 2020 WL 1672662 (E.D. Mich. Apr. 5,

26

2020), as amended (Apr. 6, 2020); Ali v. Dep’t of Homeland Sec., No. 20 Civ. 140, 2020 WL 1666074 (S.D. Tex. Apr. 2, 2020); Hernandez v. Decker, No. 20 Civ.

27 1589, 2020 WL 1547459 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 31, 2020); Thakker v. Doll, No. 20 Civ.

28

480 (M.D. Pa. Mar. 31, 2020); and Jimenez v. Wolf, No. 18 Civ. 10225, (D. Mass. Mar. 25, 2020).

5

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 7 of 22 Page ID #:7

1 § 702.

2

10. Venue is proper in the Central District of California under 28 U.S.C.

3 § 1391, because at least one federal Defendant resides in this District, the

4 Individual Plaintiffs are imprisoned in this District, and a substantial part of the

5 events giving rise to the claims in this action took place in this District. Venue is

6 also proper under 28 U.S.C. § 2243 because the immediate custodians of all the

7 Individual Plaintiffs reside in this District.

8

9

PARTIES

10 Plaintiffs

11

11. Kelvin Hernandez Roman is a 31-year-old citizen of El Salvador. In

12 2012, an asylum officer found that he had a credible fear of returning to El

13 Salvador. An immigration judge eventually administratively closed his removal

14 proceedings in an exercise of prosecutorial discretion. He was subsequently

15 transferred to ICE following an arrest in July 2019 for which no charges were filed,

16 and has been detained in Adelanto ever since. He suffers from asthma and has been

17 prescribed an inhaler.

18

12. Beatriz Forero Chavez is a 31-year-old citizen of Colombia who fled

19 to the United States in 2019 to seek asylum. She was detained upon her arrival at

20 Los Angeles International Airport. An asylum officer found that she has a credible

21 fear of returning to Colombia. Beatriz has been detained in Adelanto since

22 September 2019.

23

13. Miguel Aguilar Estrada is a 52-year-old citizen of Mexico. He has

24 been diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension. He has lived in the United States

25 for more than 30 years. He was arrested by ICE outside of his home in front of his

26 two minor children for being “present in the United States without being admitted

27 or paroled.” He has been detained in Adelanto since December 2019.

28

6

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 8 of 22 Page ID #:8

1 Defendants

2

14. Defendant Chad F. Wolf is the Acting Secretary for DHS. In this

3 capacity, he has responsibility for the administration of immigration laws pursuant

4 to 8 U.S.C. § 1103(a), has authority over ICE and its field offices, and has

5 authority to order the release of Plaintiffs. At all times relevant to this Complaint,

6 Defendant Wolf was acting within the scope and course of his position as the

7 Acting Secretary for DHS. Defendant Wolf is sued in his official capacity.

8

15. Defendant Matthew T. Albence is the Deputy Director and Senior

9 Official Performing the Duties of the Director of ICE. Defendant Albence is

10 responsible for ICE’s policies, practices, and procedures, including those relating

11 to the detention of immigrants. Defendant Albence is a legal custodian of

12 Plaintiffs. At all times relevant to this Complaint, Defendant Albence was acting

13 within the scope and course of his position as an ICE official. He is sued in his

14 official capacity.

15

16. Defendant David Marin is the Director for the Los Angeles Field

16 Office of Enforcement and Removal Operations (“ERO”) within ICE, a federal law

17 enforcement agency within the Department of Homeland Security (“DHS”). ERO

18 is a division of ICE that manages and oversees the immigration detention system.

19 In his capacity as Field Office Director for ERO, Defendant Marin exercises

20 control over and is a custodian of immigration detainees held at Adelanto,

21 including all Plaintiffs in this case. At all times relevant to this Complaint,

22 Defendant Marin was acting within the scope and course of his employment with

23 ICE. He is sued in his official capacity.

24

17. Defendant James Janecka is Warden of Adelanto in San Bernardino

25 County, where all Plaintiffs are detained. Defendant Janecka is the immediate,

26 physical custodian of Plaintiffs. He is named in his official capacity.

27

28

7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 9 of 22 Page ID #:9

1

FACTUAL ALLEGATIONS

2

3

A. COVID-19 Poses a Significant Risk of Illness or Death.

4

18. COVID-19 is a disease caused by a coronavirus that has reached

5 pandemic status.

6

19. As of April 13, 2020, it has killed almost 22,000 people in the United

7 States. In the Los Angeles metropolitan area, there are 9,420 confirmed cases and

8 320 known deaths. In San Bernardino County, where Adelanto is located, the

9 number of confirmed cases is doubling every five days.

10

20. Patients who develop COVID-19 can develop complications at an

11 alarming pace. Patients can show the first symptoms of infection within two days

12 of exposure, and their condition can seriously deteriorate in five days or less.

13

21. People who contract severe cases of COVID-19 need intensive

14 medical support, requiring highly specialized equipment that is in limited supply,

15 and an entire team of care providers, including 1:1 or 1:2 nurse to patient ratios,

16 respiratory therapists, and intensive care physicians.

17

22. The extensive degree of support that COVID-19 patients need can

18 quickly exceed local health care resources. When healthcare systems are

19 overwhelmed, doctors and public health authorities are inevitably left to allocate

20 scarce resources regarding who receives care.

21

23. There is no known cure or FDA-approved treatment for COVID-19 at

22 this time. The only way to protect people from grave illness and death is to prevent

23 them from being infected with the coronavirus at the outset. Thus, the only known

24 means of minimizing the risk of infection is social distancing—i.e., staying at least

25 6 feet from others at all times—coupled with rigorous sanitization practices.

26

27

28

8

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 10 of 22 Page ID #:10

1

2

B. Everyone Detained at Adelanto Is Vulnerable to Harm from

3

COVID-19.

4

24. Every adult faces grave risks of harm from COVID-19, not just those

5 deemed particularly vulnerable. The CDC has reported that up to 20% of

6 coronavirus hospitalizations in the United States were of people under 44. And the

7 WHO has reported that, globally, 10–15% of adults under 50 who contract

8 COVID-19 suffer moderate to severe cases.

9

25. Some young people who become seriously ill or die from COVID-19

10 have pre-existing medical conditions, but many do not. For example, in New York,

11 36 percent of people between 30 and 39 who died from the virus had no pre-

12 existing conditions.4

13

26. Doctors and scientists do not yet know why some otherwise healthy

14 young people are so susceptible to COVID-19. Some evidence suggests that

15 exposure to larger viral loads—such as occurs with close, in-person interaction in

16 enclosed spaces, at short distances—may lead to more serious infection.5

17

27. Preliminary data show that Black and Hispanic people are twice as

18 likely to die of the virus as white people.6 The Adelanto detainees are significantly

19 more Black and Hispanic than the general American population.

20

28. Adelanto also likely includes a disproportionate number of people at

21 4 See Chris Mooney, et. al., Hundreds of young Americans have now been killed by
22 the coronavirus, data shows, Washington Post, April 8, 2020, available at 23 https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/04/08/young-people-coronavirus-
deaths/. 24 5 See Joshua Rabinowitz and Caroline Bartman, These Coronavirus Exposures 25 Might be the Most Dangerous, New York Times, April 1, 2020, available at
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/01/opinion/coronavirus-viral-dose.html. 26 6 See NYC Health, Age adjusted rate of fatal lab confirmed COVID-19 cases per 27 100,000 by race/ethnicity group, April 6, 2020, at
https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/imm/covid-19-deaths-race28 ethnicity-04082020-1.pdf?referringSource=articleShare

9

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 11 of 22 Page ID #:11

1 heightened risk for other reasons. The United States Centers for Disease Control

2 and Prevention (CDC) and other experts have identified several particularly

3 vulnerable groups, including older adults, people who are immunocompromised,

4 and people with a variety of pre-existing medical conditions of any age,

5 including lung disease, heart disease, chronic liver or kidney disease (including

6 hepatitis and dialysis), diabetes, asthma, epilepsy, hypertension, compromised

7 immune systems (such as from cancer, HIV, or autoimmune disease), blood

8 disorders (including sickle cell disease), inherited metabolic disorders, stroke,

9 developmental delay, pregnancy (current or recent), and obesity.

10

29. A large percentage of the individuals at Adelanto likely have these

11 medical conditions because they are disproportionately indigent with little or no

12 access to high-quality healthcare. In many cases, these individuals may not even be

13 aware that they have relevant pre-existing conditions. Many class members likely

14 have undiagnosed risk factors for COVID-19.

15

30. For people in the highest risk populations, the fatality rate of

16 COVID-19 is about 15 percent.

17

C. Conditions at Adelanto Create a Massive Risk of COVID-19

18

Infection.

19

31. The conditions at ICE’s Adelanto Detention Center present an

20 extreme risk to those imprisoned there (as well as others working there).

21

32. COVID-19 infects people who come into contact with respiratory

22 droplets that contain the coronavirus, such as those produced when an infected

23 person coughs, sneezes, or otherwise breathes on any surface. Such droplets can

24 spread between people at a distance of up to six feet. The virus can also survive for

25 long periods on inanimate surfaces.

26

33. Therefore, enclosed group environments, like cruise ships, nursing

27 homes, and prisons, have become the sites for the most severe outbreaks of

28 COVID-19. The largest-known cluster of U.S. infections is a jail in Chicago,

10

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 12 of 22 Page ID #:12

1 where 306 inmates and 126 staff members (a majority of whom were working as

2 correctional deputies) have tested positive. Two inmates there have died from

3 COVID-19.

4

34. In response to this and other outbreaks, multiple jurisdictions,

5 including Los Angeles, CA, Chicago, IL, Harris County, TX, New York City, and

6 the entire states of New Jersey and Iowa have released thousands of people

7 from criminal custody, acknowledging the grave threat that an outbreak in jails and

8 detention centers pose.

9

35. Adelanto is a similarly dangerous enclosed environment. People

10 imprisoned there live in close quarters—far closer than six feet—and subject to

11 security measures that make social distancing impossible. These are ideal

12 incubation conditions for the rapid spread of COVID-19.

13

36. Adelanto imprisons people in two separate buildings (East and West).

14 In Adelanto West, people are detained in 16 housing units consisting of 18 cells

15 each. Each cell houses approximately 4 to 8 detainees. Bunk beds are placed

16 approximately 2.5 to 3 feet apart.

17

37. Each housing unit includes a common area with approximately 10–12

18 tables, and four stools around each table. Detainees are responsible for cleaning

19 tables and stools themselves, but cleaning supplies are often unavailable.

20

38. In Adelanto East, people are detained in two open bay housing

21 modules containing 7 dormitories, or “pods.” Each pod is divided into four

22 quadrants, with 12 sets of double bunks each, and houses up to 96 detainees.

23

39. Adelanto also includes a Special Management Unit (SMU). The SMU

24 contains 32 cells and houses up to 64 individuals assigned to administrative or

25 disciplinary segregation.

26

40. Detainees in Adelanto share toilets, sinks, and showers with others in

27 their cells and pods, without disinfection after each use. The showers are

28 consistently dirty and infrequently sanitized. Up to 72 people share one showering

11

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 13 of 22 Page ID #:13

1 area and the showers are typically crowded with people. Showers are placed so

2 closely together that water commonly sprays from one shower stall into the next.

3

41. Food preparation and service is communal, with little opportunity for

4 disinfection. Detainees are responsible for cleaning the eating areas, but they lack

5 proper supplies. Cleaning is done with a bucket of water and a dirty rag, which is

6 reused again and again.

7

42. Staff members, including medical staff, generally do not wear masks

8 or other personal protective equipment (PPE). Staff arrive and leave on a shift

9 basis. There is limited ability to adequately screen staff for new, asymptomatic

10 infection.

11

43. At Adelanto, detainees have not been provided with hand sanitizer,

12 gloves, or masks—nor have they been instructed about the need for social

13 distancing. But in any event, social distancing is not possible in Adelanto under

14 current conditions.

15

44. Staff members are not monitoring detainees’ temperatures or

16 otherwise systemically testing for COVID-19. Nor are they regularly testing guards

17 for COVID-19, unless they are symptomatic.

18

45. Experts confirm that Adelanto contravenes all medical and public

19 health directives for COVID-19 risk mitigation.

20

46. Dr. Robert Greifinger, a correctional health expert with over three

21 decades of prisoner health care experience, attests that the crowded conditions at

22 immigration detention centers like Adelanto make the most vital preventive

23 measure, social distancing, impossible. Dr. Todd Schneberk, an emergency

24 medicine physician and professor of clinical emergency medicine with experience

25 conducting and supervising multiple physical and psychological evaluations of

26 detainees at Adelanto, explains that detainees in Adelanto “face a dramatically

27 reduced ability to protect themselves by social distancing than they would in the

28 community, and therefore face a significantly higher risk of being exposed to and

12

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 14 of 22 Page ID #:14

1 infected by contagious infected diseases like COVID-19.”

2

47. These experts predict that it is inevitable that COVID-19 will reach

3 Adelanto, if it has not already.

4

48. The spread of COVID-19 has already been confirmed in other ICE

5 facilities: as of April 13, 2020, 72 detainees and nineteen ICE detention center

6 employees had tested positive for the virus. This does not include any third-party

7 contractors that work at ICE facilities who have tested positive for COVID-19, as

8 ICE takes the position that it is not required to publicly report those numbers.

9

49. Moreover, an internal ICE COVID-19 report states that, as of March

10 19, 2020, ICE’s Health Services Corps had isolated nine detainees and it was

11 monitoring 24 more in ten different ICE facilities, and 1,444 officials with ICE and

12 DHS were in precautionary self-quarantine.

13

50. Defendants have acknowledged the risk (albeit inadequately) in

14 memos issued on March 15, and April 4, 2020. However, the protocols they have

15 announced are inadequate.

16

51. After reviewing the COVID-19 protocols announced by ICE, Dr.

17 Greifinger concluded that the guidance is impractical and does not reflect the

18 reality of the overcrowded conditions in immigration detention. In particular,

19 although ICE “encourage[s]” detainees “to exercise social distancing protocols,”

20 ICE “fails to recognize the obvious: social distancing is impossible when people

21 sleep in small, multi-person rooms and live under conditions that necessarily

22 subject them to close proximity with others multiple times throughout the day.”

23

52. Tellingly, the ICE guidance acknowledges that the options to

24 safeguard vulnerable detainees “depend on available space.” Adelanto simply does

25 not have that space, and therefore is incapable of protecting Plaintiffs and other

26 detainees from the risks of COVID-19 under current population levels.

27

53. Detainees at Adelanto are not generally tested for COVID-19.

28 Accordingly, it is impossible to conclude that COVID-19 has not already entered

13

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 15 of 22 Page ID #:15

1 Adelanto.

2

D. A Significant Population Reduction Is Required to Ensure

3

Reasonably Safety for Individuals at Adelanto.

4

54. Social distancing is required to prevent the widespread transmission

5 of COVID-19.

6

55. To achieve social distancing at Adelanto, the detainee population must

7 be significantly reduced.

8

56. Dr. Greifinger has concluded that “Release is the most important

9 means of mitigating the spread of COVID-19 in Adelanto. This would be true even

10 if the conditions inside the facility were impeccable.”

11

57. Dr. Schneberk concurs, “Congregate settings such as Adelanto are

12 nearly impossible to protect in scenarios such as this one, and it will be very

13 difficult irrespective of the amount of sanitation and hygiene practices employed,

14 to prevent spread in such a confined densely populated space” as Adelanto. For

15 that reason, Dr. Schneberk recommends that “[f]rom a public health perspective,

16 the only effective action to combat COVID-19 at Adelanto that is practically

17 available at this time would be to implement social distancing to prevent the risk to

18 detainees and staff at the facility.”

19

58. In both doctors’ professional opinions, it is not possible to achieve

20 social distancing if more than one person is housed in each cell, or if beds in dorms

21 are placed within less than 8–10 feet of each other. Nor can anyone share a bunk

22 bed with another person under social distancing.

23

59. The government’s own medical subject matter experts have also

24 called for ICE to release detainees to protect them. Nearly two months ago, Dr.

25 Scott Allen and Dr. Josiah Rich, medical experts to DHS, warned the agency about

26 the danger to detainees of rapid spread of COVID-19 in immigration detention

27 facilities.

28

60. In a whistleblower letter to Congress, Dr. Allen and Dr. Rich

14

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 16 of 22 Page ID #:16

1 recommended that “[m]inimally, DHS should consider releasing all detainees in

2 high risk medical groups such as older people and those with chronic diseases.”

3 They concluded that “acting immediately will save lives not of only those detained,

4 but also detention staff and their families, and the community-at-large.”

5

61. Other public officials have likewise called for the release of eligible

6 individuals from detention. The former Acting Director of ICE, John Sandweg,

7 has stated that “ICE can, and must, reduce the risk [COVID-19] poses to so many

8 people, and the most effective way to do so is to drastically reduce the number of

9 people it is currently holding.”

10

11

LEGAL FRAMEWORK

12

13

A. Immigrant Detainees are Entitled to Constitutional Due Process

14

Protections Against Exposure to Infectious Disease.

15

62. Whenever the government detains or incarcerates someone, it has an

16 affirmative duty to provide conditions of reasonable health and safety. As the

17 Supreme Court has explained, “when the State takes a person into its custody and

18 holds him there against his will, the Constitution imposes upon it a corresponding

19 duty to assume some responsibility for his safety and general well-being.”

20 DeShaney v. Winnebago County Dept. of Soc. Servs., 489 U.S. 189, 199–200

21 (1989). As a result, the government must provide those in its custody with “food,

22 clothing, shelter, medical care, and reasonable safety.” Id. at 200.

23

63. The Constitution requires that “inmates be furnished with the basic

24 human needs, one of which is ‘reasonable safety.’” Helling, 509 U.S. at 33

25 (quoting DeShaney, 489 U.S. at 200). The Supreme Court has explicitly recognized

26 that the risk of contracting a communicable disease may constitute such an

27 “unsafe, life-threatening condition” that threatens “reasonable safety.” Id.

28 Accordingly, “[i]t would be odd to deny an injunction to inmates who plainly

15

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 17 of 22 Page ID #:17

1 proved an unsafe, life-threatening condition in their prison on the ground that

2 nothing yet had happened to them.” Id.7

3

4

B. Defendants Are Violating Plaintiffs’ Constitutional Due Process Rights.

5

64. The conditions described above violate Plaintiffs’ due process rights.

6 Keeping Plaintiffs detained in such close proximity to one another places them at

7 serious risk of being infected with COVID-19.

8

65. Given the ample evidence supporting the need for social distancing to

9 adequately respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, Defendants’ failure to decrease

10 the facility’s population and implement adequate distancing constitutes deliberate

11 indifference to this critical safety concern. Defendants are aware of and have

12 recklessly disregarded the serious risk that COVID-19 poses to Plaintiffs, as their

13 own medical experts’ statements and the actions of various other jurisdictions

14 illustrate.

15

66. A significant reduction in the population of Adelanto is the only

16 means to ensure compliance with Plaintiffs’ due process rights, because the facility

17 is too densely populated to permit social distancing.

18

67. Plaintiffs do not seek release free of any supervision. ICE has a range

19 of highly effective tools at its disposal to ensure that individuals report for court

20 hearings and other appointments (once they become possible given the pandemic).

21 7 Moreover, because civil detention is governed by the Fifth Amendment rather
22 than the Eighth, even conditions short of “deliberate indifference” could be

23 unconstitutional in the immigration context. Jones, 393 F.3d at 934. A condition of confinement violates the Fifth Amendment “if it imposes some harm to the
24 detainee that significantly exceeds or is independent of the inherent discomforts of

25 confinement and is not reasonably related to a legitimate governmental objective or

26

is excessive in relation to the legitimate governmental objective.” Unknown Parties v. Johnson, No. CV-15-00250-TUC-DCB, 2016 WL 8188563, at *5 (D. Ariz. Nov.

27 18, 2016), aff’d sub nom. Doe v. Kelly, 878 F.3d 710 (9th Cir. 2017). The conditions described here easily meet that standard.
28

16

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 18 of 22 Page ID #:18

1 For example, ICE’s conditional supervision program, called ISAP (Intensive

2 Supervision Appearance Program), relies on the use of electronic ankle monitors,

3 biometric voice recognition software, unannounced home visits, employer

4 verification, and in-person reporting to supervise participants. A government-

5 contracted evaluation of this program reported a 99% attendance rate at all

6 immigration court hearings and a 95% attendance rate at final hearings.

7

C. The Court Has Authority to Order a Reduction in Detainee Population

8

to Allow for Social Distancing, and Such Relief Is Necessary Here.

9

10

68. Courts have broad power to fashion equitable remedies to address

11 constitutional violations in carceral institutions. Hutto v. Finney, 437 U.S. 678, 687

12 n.9 (1978). “When necessary to ensure compliance with a constitutional mandate,

13 courts may enter orders placing limits on a prison’s population,” Brown v. Plata,

14 563 U.S. 493, 511 (2011).

15

69. “The scope of a district court's equitable powers” in this regard “is

16 broad, for breadth and flexibility are inherent in equitable remedies.” Hutto, 437

17 U.S., at 687, n. 9. Thus, even where “[t]he inquiry involves uncertain predictions

18 regarding the effects of population reductions, as well as difficult determinations

19 regarding the capacity of prison officials to provide adequate care at various

20 population levels,” federal courts “have substantial flexibility [in] making these

21 judgments” and crafting an appropriate remedy. Plata, 563 U.S. at 538.

22

70. Federal courts have repeatedly ordered the release of detained persons

23 when necessary to remedy unconstitutional conditions caused by overcrowding.

24 See, e.g., Plata, 563 U.S. 493; Duran v. Elrod, 713 F.2d 292, 297–98 (7th Cir.

25 1983), cert. denied, 465 U.S. 1108 (1984) (concluding that court did not exceed its

26 authority in directing release of low-bond pretrial detainees as necessary to reach a

27 population cap); Mobile Cty. Jail Inmates v. Purvis, 581 F. Supp. 222, 224–25

28 (S.D. Ala. 1984) (concluding that district court properly exercised remedial powers

17

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 19 of 22 Page ID #:19

1 to order a prison’s population reduced to alleviate unconstitutional conditions, and

2 noting other cases); Inmates of the Allegheny Cty. Jail v. Wecht, 565 F. Supp.

3 1278, 1297 (W.D. Pa. 1983) (order to reduce overcrowding “is within our power to

4 correct the constitutional violations”); Brenneman v. Madigan, 343 F. Supp. 128,

5 139 (N.D. Cal. 1972) (“If the state cannot obtain the resources to detain persons . .

6 . in accordance with minimum constitutional standards, then the state simply will

7 not be permitted to detain such persons.”); see also Unknown Parties v. Nielsen,

8 CV-15-00250-TUC-DCB, 2020 WL 813774, *1 (D. Az. Feb. 19, 2020) (ordering

9 that DHS release from custody detainees to whom it did not provide a bed, shower,

10 nutritious food, and screening by a medical professional within 48 hours of

11 booking).

12

13

CLASS ALLEGATIONS

14

71. Petitioners bring this action pursuant to Rule 23(b)(2) of the Federal

15 Rules of Civil Procedure on behalf of themselves and a class of similarly situated

16 individuals.

17

72. Petitioners seek to represent a class of all individuals detained in civil

18 immigration detention at Adelanto.

19

73. The proposed class satisfies the requirements of Federal Rule of Civil

20 Procedure 23(a)(1) because it is so numerous that joinder of all members is

21 impracticable. Upon information and belief, there are approximately 1,300 people

22 currently detained at Adelanto.

23

74. Joinder is also impracticable because class members are detained and

24 largely unrepresented, limiting their ability to bring individual litigation.

25

75. The proposed class meets the commonality requirements of Federal

26 Rule of Civil Procedure 23(a)(2). Whether current conditions at Adelanto,

27 including the failure to implement social distancing in the face of the COVID-19

28 pandemic, comply with the Fifth Amendment presents common questions of fact

18

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 20 of 22 Page ID #:20

1 and law.

2

76. The proposed class meets the typicality requirements of Federal Rule

3 of Civil Procedure 23(a)(3) because Petitioner’s claims are typical of the claims of

4 their class. Petitioners are currently detained at Adelanto and are exposed to the

5 current conditions of detention.

6

77. The proposed class meets the adequacy requirements of Federal Rule

7 of Civil Procedure 23(a)(4). Named Plaintiffs have the requisite personal interest in

8 the outcome of this action and have no interests adverse to the interests of the

9 proposed class.

10

78. Additionally, the proposed class is represented by pro bono counsel

11 from the American Civil Liberties Union of Southern California and Latham &

12 Watkins LLP. Petitioners’ counsel have extensive experience litigating class action

13 lawsuits and other complex cases in federal court, including civil rights lawsuits on

14 behalf of detained immigrants.

15

79. The members of the class are readily ascertainable through

16 Defendants’ records.

17

80. Finally, the proposed class satisfies Federal Rule of Civil Procedure

18 23(b)(2). Defendants have acted on grounds generally applicable to the class by

19 detaining class members without social distancing in the face of the COVID-19

20 pandemic. Thus, final injunctive and declaratory relief is appropriate for the class

21 as a whole.

22

23

CLAIM FOR RELIEF

24

Violation of the Fifth Amendment Right to Substantive Due Process

25

(Right to Reasonable Safety in Government Custody)

26 81. Plaintiffs repeat and incorporate by reference all allegations above as
27 though set forth fully herein.
28

19

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 21 of 22 Page ID #:21

1

82. The Fifth Amendment requires the federal government to maintain

2 conditions of reasonable health and safety for people in its custody. The

3 government violates that requirement when it fails to provide for their basic human

4 needs—e.g., food, clothing, shelter, medical care, and reasonable safety.

5

83. The federal government also violates the Fifth Amendment when it

6 subjects anyone in its custody to cruel treatment, and when it subjects civil

7 detainees to conditions of confinement that amount to punishment.

8

84. By detaining Plaintiffs at Adelanto during the global COVID-19

9 pandemic without implementing social distancing, Defendants are failing to ensure

10 Plaintiffs’ reasonable safety, exposing them to a risk of infection from COVID-19

11 and thus violating their rights under the Fifth Amendment.

12

85. For these reasons, Defendants’ failure to implement social distancing

13 violates Plaintiffs’ right to reasonable safety in government custody, rendering

14 Defendants’ ongoing detention of Plaintiffs in violation of the Due Process Clause.

15

16

PRAYER FOR RELIEF

17

WHEREFORE, Plaintiffs respectfully ask this Court to take jurisdiction over

18 this actual controversy and:

19 a. Certify this Petition as a Class Action and appoint named Petitioners as class

20

representatives and the undersigned counsel as class counsel;

21 b. Declare that conditions of confinement for all individuals held at the

22

Adelanto Detention Facility are currently unconstitutional under the Fifth

23

Amendment because they do not permit social distancing as necessary to

24

minimize the risk of infection with COVID-19;

25 c. Issue a Writ of Habeas Corpus on the ground that Plaintiffs’ continued

26

detention violates the Due Process Clause and order Defendants to release a

27

sufficient number of class members to reduce the population of the Facility

28

to a level that permits adequate social distancing;

20

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 22 of 22 Page ID #:22

1 d. In the alternative, issue injunctive relief ordering Defendants to immediately

2

institute social distancing and maintain six feet between all Adelanto

3

detainees at all times, including by reducing the population of the Facility to

4

a level that permits adequate social distancing;

5 e. Award Plaintiffs their costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees in this action

6

under the Equal Access to Justice Act, as amended, 5 U.S.C. § 504 and 28

7

U.S.C. § 2412, and on any other basis justified under law; and,

8 f. Grant any other and further relief that this Court deems just and appropriate.

9

10

Respectfully submitted,

11 Dated: April 13, 2020 12

/s/ Amanda Barnett AMANDA BARNETT Counsel for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

21

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5 Filed 04/13/20 Page 1 of 2 Page ID #:34

1

SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841)

2

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com

aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN

3

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW

(SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org

4

Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347)

5

Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201

jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO

6

(SBN 321939) AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046) mcho@aclusocal.org

7

amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)

ACLU Foundation of Southern California

8

jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017

9

355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560

Telephone: (213) 977-9500

10

Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763

11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

14 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

15 MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO

) )

ADELANTO COVID

16 CHAVEZ, on behalf of themselves and others similarly situated,

) ) PETITIONERS’-PLAINTIFFS’

17 18

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

) ) )

NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION FOR PROVISIONAL CLASS CERTIFICATION

19

v.

) )

PROPOSED HEARING DATE:

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. ) APRIL 22, 2020

20 Department of Homeland Security;

)

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy

)

21 Director and Senior Official Performing )

the Duties of the Director, U.S.

)

22 Immigration and Customs Enforcement; )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

23 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration )

24 and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES )

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE

)

25 Processing Center,

)

)

26

Respondents-Defendants. )

)

27

28

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5 Filed 04/13/20 Page 2 of 2 Page ID #:35

1

TO ALL PARTIES AND THEIR ATTORNEYS OF RECORD: PLEASE

2 TAKE NOTICE that, on April 22, 2020,1 or at the nearest available date at which

3 counsel may be heard, Plaintiffs-Petitioners Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Miguel

4 Aguilar Estrada, and Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez (“Plaintiffs”) will, and hereby

5 do, move this Court to provisionally certify the following Proposed Class for

6 purposes of the preliminary injunctive relief sought by Plaintiffs:

7

8

All immigrants incarcerated at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs

9 Enforcement Processing Center.

10

11

The Motion is based on this Notice of Motion, the accompanying

12 Memorandum of Points and Authorities, the supporting declarations, all pleadings

13 and papers filed in this action, and such additional papers and arguments as may be

14 presented at or in connection with the hearing.

15

Plaintiffs have simultaneously filed an Ex Parte Application to Expedite

16 Hearing on this Motion. On April 13, 2020 at 10:13 am, Plaintiffs informed

17 Assistant United States Attorneys Joanne Osinoff, Daniel Beck, and Hillary Burrelle

18 via email of their intent to file this Motion and inquired about their availability to

19 meet and confer. The United States Attorney’s Office informed Plaintiffs that they

20 intend to oppose this motion and were available to confer on April 14, 2020.

21

22 DATED: April 13, 2020

Respectfully submitted,

23

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

24

/s/ Amanda Barnett AMANDA BARNETT

25

Counsel for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

26

27

28 1 Plaintiffs have proposed this date in their simultaneously filed Ex Parte Application to Expedite Hearing.

1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 1 of 17 Page ID #:36

1 SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com
2 WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com
3 LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW
4 Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304
5 Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201
6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)
7 amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)
8 jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
9 355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560
10 Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763
11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners
12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 17

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

) )

ADELANTO COVID

) )

PETITIONERS’-PLAINTIFFS’

18

) MEMORANDUM OF POINTS

19 20 v.

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

) ) ) )

AND AUTHORITIES IN SUPPORT OF MOTION FOR PROVISIONAL CLASS CERTIFICATION

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

21 Department of Homeland Security;

)

22

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing

) )

23

the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement;

) )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

24 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

25

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES

) )

26

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

) )

)

27

Respondents-Defendants. )

28

)

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 2 of 17 Page ID #:37

1

2

3 I.

4 II.

5

A.

6

7

8

9

10

B.

11

12

C.

13 III. 14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... 1 ARGUMENT ....................................................................................... 4 The Proposed Class Meets The requirements Of Rule 23(a)(1)-(4)........................................................................................... 4 1. Numerosity ................................................................................ 4 2. Commonality ............................................................................. 5 3. Typicality ................................................................................... 7 4. Adequacy of Representation...................................................... 8 The Proposed Class Meets The Requirements Of Rule 23(b)(2) ................................................................................................ 9 Class Treatment Is Necessary To Conserve Judicial Resources And Avoid Arbitrary Relief ............................................. 11 CONCLUSION .................................................................................. 12

i

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 3 of 17 Page ID #:38

1

TABLE OF AUTHORITIES

2

Page(s)

3 CASES
4

5

Abdullah v. U.S. Sec. Assocs., Inc., 731 F.3d 952 (9th Cir. 2013) ................................................................................ 5

6 Amchem Prods., Inc. v. Windsor,
7 521 U.S. 591 (1997) ............................................................................................. 8

8 Armstrong v. Davis, 9 275 F.3d 849 (9th Cir. 2001) ................................................................................ 5

10 Baharona-Gomez v. Reno, 11 167 F.3d 1228 (9th Cir. 1999).............................................................................. 3

12 Carrillo v. Schneider Logistics, Inc.,

13

No. 11-cv-8557, 2012 WL 556309 (C.D. Cal. Jan. 31, 2012) ............................. 3

14 Castillo v. Barr, No. CV2000605TJHAFMX, 2020 WL 1502864 (C.D. Cal. Mar.
15 27, 2020)....................................................................................................... 11, 12

16 Cervantez v. Celestica Corp., 17 253 F.R.D. 562 (C.D. Cal. 2008) ......................................................................... 2

18 Civil Rights Educ. & Enf’t Ctr. v. Hosp. Props. Trust, 19 317 F.R.D. 91 (N.D. Cal. 2016) ........................................................................... 4

20 Ellis v. Costco Wholesale Corp., 21 657 F.3d 970 (9th Cir. 2011) ................................................................................ 5

22 Fraihat v. Wolf,

23

TRO and Order to Show Cause, No ED-CV2000590-TJH (C.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020)............................................................................................. 11

24 Haley v. Medtronic, Inc., 25 169 F.R.D. 643 (C.D. Cal. 1996) ......................................................................... 3

26 Hanlon v. Chrysler Corp., 27 150 F.3d 1011 (9th Cir. 1998).............................................................................. 8

28

ii

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 4 of 17 Page ID #:39

1 Helling v. McKinney, 2 509 U.S. 25 (1993) ............................................................................................... 7

3 Hernandez v. Wolf,

4

TRO and Order to Show Cause at 13, No. 5:20-cv-0617-TJH (C.D. Cal. April 1, 2020)................................................................................................ 1

5 Hum v. Dericks,
6 162 F.R.D. 628 (D. Haw. 1995) ........................................................................... 4

7 Kincaid v. City of Fresno, 8 244 F.R.D. 597 (E.D. Cal. 2007).......................................................................... 4

9 Kuang v. United States Dep’t of Def., 10 340 F. Supp. 3d 873 (N.D. Cal. 2018).................................................................. 8

11 Lyon v. United States Immigration & Customs Enforcement,

12

300 F.R.D. 628 (N.D. Cal. 2014) ..................................................................... 4, 7

13 Meyer v. Portfolio Recovery Assocs., LLC,

14

707 F.3d 1036 (9th Cir. 2012) .............................................................................. 3

15

Parsons v. Ryan, 754 F.3d 657 (9th Cir. 2014) .......................................................................... 7, 11

16

17

Pole v. Estenson Logistics, LLC, No. CV 15-07196 DDP (EX), 2016 WL 4238635 (C.D. Cal. Aug.

18 10, 2016)............................................................................................................... 5

19 Rannis v. Recchia, 20 380 Fed. App’x 646 (9th Cir. 2010)..................................................................... 4

21 Robidoux v. Celani,

22

987 F.2d 931 (2d Cir. 1993) ................................................................................. 5

23

Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, No. 5:20-CV-00527 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020) ECF Nos. 35-39, 42-

24 43 ........................................................................................................................ 11

25 Rodriguez v. Hayes, 26 591 F.3d 1105 (9th Cir. 2009).....................................................................passim

27

28

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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 5 of 17 Page ID #:40

1 Saravia v. Sessions,

2 280 F.Supp.3d 1168 (N.D. Cal. 2017), aff’d 905 F.3d 1137 (9th Cir. 2018).............................................................................................................. 3
3

4

Savino v. Souza, Memorandum & Order at 21, No. 1:20-cv-10617 (D. Mass. 2020),

5 ECF No 64 .................................................................................................... 2, 3, 6

6 Sueoka v. United States, 7 101 Fed. App’x. 649 (9th Cir. 2004).................................................................... 4

8 Torres v. Nielsen,

9

Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal), Dkt. No. 127-1.............................................. 9

10 Unknown Parties v. Johnson, 163 F. Supp. 3d 630 (D. Ariz. 2016) .................................................................... 5
11

12

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes, 564 U.S. 338 (2011) ............................................................................................. 5

13

14

Walters v. Reno, 145 F.3d 1032 (9th Cir. 1998) ............................................................................ 10

15

RULES

16 17 Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a)(1) ............................................................................................. 4

18 Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a)(2) ............................................................................................. 5

19 Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a)(3) ............................................................................................. 7

20 Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(2) ........................................................................................... 10

21

TREATISES

22 7A Mary J. Kane, Fed. Prac. & Proc. Civ. § 1763 (3d ed. 2018) ............................ 6 23

24

25

26

27

28

iv

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 6 of 17 Page ID #:41

1 I. INTRODUCTION

2

Petitioners-Plaintiffs (“Plaintiffs”) are immigrants held at the Adelanto ICE

3 Processing Center (“Adelanto”) under conditions that all but assure they will become

4 victims of the COVID-19 global pandemic. COVID-19, as the Court knows, is a

5 highly infectious viral contagion spreading at an exponential rate across the United

6 States, including in the areas surrounding Adelanto. The only known effective

7 measure to protect people from COVID-19 infection is “social distancing,” or

8 remaining physically separated from known or potentially-infected individuals. See

9 Decl. of Robert B. Greifinger in Support of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Greifinger

10 Decl.”), ¶ 4, 11; Decl. of Dr. Todd Schneberk in Support of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj.

11 (“Schneberk Decl.”) ¶ 33.

12

Under current population levels, social distancing is not possible in Adelanto.

13 The Court has already found as much,1 and the Government does not dispute it.2 It

14 is therefore only a matter of time until the virus enters Adelanto and spreads like

15 wildfire—as it has in jails, prisons, and detention centers across the country.

16 Plaintiffs therefore seek a class-wide preliminary injunction to ensure that social

17 distancing is enforced at Adelanto until the threat of the virus passes.

18

The Court has already acted decisively in the face of this danger by granting

19 numerous applications for temporary restraining orders from immigrants in

20

21 1 See, e.g., Hernandez v. Wolf, TRO and Order to Show Cause at 13, No. 5:20-cv0617-TJH (C.D. Cal. April 1, 2020), ECF No 17 (“Hernandez has not been
22 protected. He is not kept at least 6 feet apart from others at all times. He has been

23 put into a situation where he has been forced to touch surfaces touched by other detainees, such as with common sinks, toilets and showers. Moreover, the
24 Government cannot deny the fact that the risk of infection in immigration detention

25 facilities – and jails – is particularly high if an asymptomatic guard, or other employee, enters a facility.”).
26 2 See Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, Opp. Br. to Application for TRO at 19, No. 5:2027 cv-00-627-TJH (C.D. Cal. March 31, 2020) ECF No. 28 (describing social

28

distancing as a “desirable strategy” but arguing that implementing social distancing would essentially require “shuttering” Adelanto).

1

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1 Adelanto. However, Adelanto has the capacity to detain more than 1,900 detainees.

2 See Schneberk Decl. ¶ 23. As each day passes, the Court will likely become

3 inundated with more individual claims for release, if it has not already. Which

4 applicants have the ability to file claims will depend on their access to a lawyer. The

5 result will be an arbitrary and inefficient process where most Adelanto detainees will

6 remain detained and at grave risk of contracting COVID-19.

7

To avoid this situation, Plaintiffs move for provisional class certification in

8 order to seek a class-wide preliminary injunction. As the United States District Court

9 for the District of Massachusetts recently concluded in certifying a class of

10 immigration detainees challenging their detention under unconstitutional conditions

11 in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, “At bottom, a common question of law and

12 fact in this case is whether the government must modify the conditions of

13 confinement—or, failing that, release a critical mass of Detainees—such that social

14 distancing will be possible and all those held in the facility will not face a

15 constitutionally violative substantial risk of serious harm. Crucial to the Court’s

16 determination is the troubling fact that even perfectly healthy detainees are seriously

17 threatened by COVID-19. To be sure, the harm of a COVID-19 infection will

18 generally be more serious for some petitioners than for others. Yet it cannot be

19 denied that the virus is gravely dangerous to all of us.” Savino v. Souza,

20 Memorandum & Order at 21, No. 1:20-cv-10617 (D. Mass. 2020), ECF No 64.

21

The same is true here. All detainees in Adelanto are at risk; their ability to

22 obtain relief should not depend on their access to lawyers. Rodriguez v. Hayes, 591

23 F.3d 1105, 1123 (9th Cir. 2009) (certification of class of detained immigrants

24 warranted because it would “obviat[e] the severe practical concerns that would likely

25 attend [class members] were they forced to proceed alone.”); Cervantez v. Celestica

26 Corp., 253 F.R.D. 562, 567 (C.D. Cal. 2008) (“Class actions have two primary

27 purposes: to further judicial economy by avoiding multiple suits and to protect the

28

2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 8 of 17 Page ID #:43

1 rights of persons who ‘might not be able to present claims on an individual basis.’”)

2 (quoting Haley v. Medtronic, Inc., 169 F.R.D. 643, 647 (C.D. Cal. 1996)).

3

To respond to this crisis, Plaintiffs propose as one possible means of

4 remedying Proposed Class Members’ injuries that this Court issue an injunction to

5 implement a truncated system for considering Proposed Class Members’ claims for

6 release. The proposal is modeled on the system now utilized for ICE detainees in the

7 District of Massachusetts. See Savino v. Sousa, Mem. & Order at 7, 29, No. 20-cv-

8 10617-WGY (D. Mass. Apr. 8, 2020), ECF No. 64 (emphasis added).3

9

Federal courts in the Ninth Circuit “routinely grant provisional class

10 certification for purposes of entering [preliminary] injunctive relief” under Rule

11 23(b)(2), when the plaintiffs establish that the four prerequisites in Rule 23(a) are

12 also met. Carrillo v. Schneider Logistics, Inc., No. 11-cv-8557, 2012 WL 556309,

13 at *9 (C.D. Cal. Jan. 31, 2012) (citing Baharona-Gomez v. Reno, 167 F.3d 1228,

14 1233 (9th Cir. 1999)); see also Meyer v. Portfolio Recovery Assocs., LLC, 707 F.3d

15 1036, 1041 (9th Cir. 2012) (finding district court did not abuse its discretion by

16 provisionally certifying class for purpose of entering preliminary injunction);

17 Saravia v. Sessions, 280 F. Supp. 3d 1168, 1202 (N.D. Cal. 2017) (provisionally

18 certifying class of detained immigrant children), aff’d 905 F.3d 1137 (9th Cir. 2018).

19

Rule 23’s requirements are easily satisfied here. The Court should therefore

20 provisionally certify the following Proposed Class for the purposes of the

21 preliminary injunction Plaintiffs seek:

22

23

24 3 Under that system, until such time as Defendants have implemented social distancing at Adelanto, this Court would entertain release requests submitted in
25 simple two-page forms containing the essential information this Court needs: biographical information; proposed release plan (residence address and related
26 information); medical conditions; and criminal history. Defendants may respond in submissions of similar length if they wish to contest any particular release order.
27 They may also present to the Court at any time proof that they have implemented social distancing within the facility, which would obviate the need to utilize the
28 expedited procedures

3

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1

All immigrants incarcerated at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs

2 Enforcement Processing Center.

3 II. ARGUMENT4

4

A. The Proposed Class Meets The Requirements Of Rule 23(a)(1)-(4)

5

1. Numerosity

6

Rule 23(a)(1) requires that the class be “so numerous that joinder of all

7 members is impracticable.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a)(1). “There is no magic number”

8 for determining when the numerosity requirement has been satisfied,” and “[c]ourts

9 have certified classes with as few as thirteen members.” Hum v. Dericks, 162 F.R.D.

10 628, 634 (D. Haw. 1995). Plaintiffs need only “show some evidence of or reasonably

11 estimate the number of class members.” Kincaid v. City of Fresno, 244 F.R.D. 597,

12 601 (E.D. Cal. 2007) (citation omitted). Where, as here, a plaintiff “seek[s] only

13 injunctive and declaratory relief, the numerosity requirement is relaxed and plaintiffs

14 may rely on [] reasonable inference[s] . . . that the number of unknown [members]

15 is sufficient to make joinder impracticable.” Civil Rights Educ. & Enf’t Ctr. v. Hosp.

16 Props. Trust, 317 F.R.D. 91, 100 (N.D. Cal. 2016) (internal quotation marks

17 omitted) (citing Sueoka v. United States, 101 Fed. App’x. 649, 653 (9th Cir. 2004)).

18

The Proposed Class is sufficiently numerous. Plaintiffs seek relief on behalf

19 of all persons detained at Adelanto. Currently, there are approximately 1,300

20 detainees.5 That number standing alone satisfies the numerosity requirement. See

21 Rannis, 380 Fed. App’x at 651 (“In general, courts find the numerosity requirement

22 satisfied when a class includes at least 40 members.”); see also Lyon v. United States

23 Immigration & Customs Enforcement, 300 F.R.D. 628, 636 (N.D. Cal. 2014)

24

25 26 4 Plaintiffs incorporate by reference the factual background discussed in the
accompanying Memorandum in Support of Plaintiffs’ Motion for a Preliminary 27 Injunction. See Mem. in Support of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. Pt. II. 28 5 See Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, Decl. of Gabriel Valdez, ¶ 14 No. 5:20-cv-00-627-
TJH (C.D. Cal. March 31, 2020), ECF No. 28-1.

4

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 10 of 17 Page ID #:45

1 (finding proposed class of ICE detainees of approximately 1,500 detainees

2 sufficiently numerous).

3

Furthermore, “the [lack of] ability to individually bring suit counsels in favor

4 of finding numerosity.” Pole v. Estenson Logistics, LLC, No. CV 15-07196 DDP

5 (EX), 2016 WL 4238635, at *5 (C.D. Cal. Aug. 10, 2016); see also Robidoux v.

6 Celani, 987 F.2d 931, 936 (2d Cir. 1993) (holding that because putative class

7 members “are also economically disadvantaged” this factor weighed in favor of class

8 certification). Most Proposed Class members cannot file individual lawsuits because

9 they lack counsel and cannot file pro se. See Compl. ¶ 5. Moreover, absent class

10 certification, the Court will be flooded with dozens, perhaps hundreds, of individual

11 claims—enough to strain judicial resources, while nonetheless leaving many

12 vulnerable individuals without relief. Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1123.

13

2. Commonality

14

Rule 23(a) next requires that there be “questions of law or fact common to the

15 class.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a)(2). However, all questions of law and fact need not be

16 common to satisfy Rule 23(a). Ellis v. Costco Wholesale Corp., 657 F.3d 970, 981

17 (9th Cir. 2011). Instead, commonality requires plaintiffs to demonstrate that their

18 claims “depend upon a common contention . . . [whose] truth or falsity will resolve

19 an issue that is central to the validity of each one of the claims in one stroke.” Wal-

20 Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes, 564 U.S. 338, 350 (2011). Commonality can be satisfied

21 by a single common issue. See, e.g., Abdullah v. U.S. Sec. Assocs., Inc., 731 F.3d

22 952, 957 (9th Cir. 2013) (Commonality “does not . . . mean that every question of

23 law or fact must be common to the class; all that Rule 23(a)(2) requires is a single

24 significant question of law or fact.”) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).

25

When a plaintiff is seeking injunctive and declaratory relief, commonality is

26 present “where the lawsuit challenges a system-wide practice or policy that affects

27 all of the putative class members.” Unknown Parties v. Johnson, 163 F. Supp. 3d

28 630, 635 (D. Ariz. 2016) (quoting Armstrong v. Davis, 275 F.3d 849, 868 (9th Cir.

5

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 11 of 17 Page ID #:46

1 2001)). Indeed, suits for injunctive or declaratory relief “by their very nature often

2 present common questions satisfying Rule 23(a)(2).” 7A Mary J. Kane, Fed. Prac.

3 & Proc. Civ. § 1763 (3d ed. 2018); see also Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1122-25 (finding

4 commonality satisfied in habeas class action involving challenges to prolonged

5 immigration detention without bond hearing).

6

The Proposed Class meets the commonality requirement because all class

7 members are subject to the same practices: Defendants’ unwillingness or inability to

8 institute social distancing and related measures at Adelanto. While it is true that

9 COVID-19 poses a higher likelihood of serious illness or death for certain class

10 members, it is also true that all detainees are at risk. See Schneberk Decl. ¶¶ 16-19.

11 Up to twenty percent of COVID-19 hospitalizations in the United States are of

12 people under 44. Id. And while some young people who become seriously ill from

13 COVID-19 have medical conditions, many do not. Id. For example, in New York,

14 about a third of people in their 30s who died from the virus had no pre-existing

15 conditions. Id. As another court recently found, “To be sure, the harm of a COVID-

16 19 infection will generally be more serious for some petitioners than for others. Yet

17 it cannot be denied that the virus is gravely dangerous to all of us.” Savino v. Souza,

18 Memorandum & Order at 21, No. 1:20-cv-10617 (D. Mass. 2020), ECF No 64.

19

The claims brought by the named Plaintiffs on behalf of the Proposed Class

20 raise a number of common questions of law and fact, including:

21

a) Whether the Proposed Class Members are able to adequately social

22

distance in Adelanto at all times, and whether the Proposed Class

23

Members are in fact adequately social distancing in Adelanto;

24

b) Whether the failure to institute social distancing subjects the Proposed

25

Class to a heightened risk of serious illness and death violates the

26

Proposed Class Members’ Fifth Amendment Due Process rights.

27

This Proposed Class presents a much easier case than other classes that have

28 been held to meet the commonality requirement. For example, in Lyon the court held

6

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1 that a proposed class challenging ICE’s policies regarding detainee access to phone

2 calls at three northern California detention centers was sufficiently common to meet

3 the requirements of Rule 23, notwithstanding variations between facilities. 300

4 F.R.D. at 642 (“[T]he overarching claim is that ICE detainees in these facilities are

5 denied effective access to telephones and that this impedes communications with

6 counsel, family, and others . . . . The fact that the precise practices among the three

7 facilities may vary does not negate the application of a constitutional floor equally

8 applicable to all facilities.”). The court certified a similar class in Unknown Parties

9 v. Johnson. 163 F. Supp. 3d at 636-40 (finding commonality satisfied when proposed

10 class challenged various conditions of confinement at eight Customs and Border

11 Patrol facilities near Tucson, Arizona). Here, there is only one facility and only one

12 overarching issue: whether ICE officials have violated Plaintiffs’ Fifth Amendment

13 rights by exposing them “to a serious, communicable disease . . . that is more than

14 very likely to cause a serious illness.” See Castillo v. Barr, No.

15 CV2000605TJHAFMX, 2020 WL 1502864 (“Castillo TRO”), *9 (C.D. Cal. Mar.

16 27, 2020) (citing Helling v. McKinney, 509 U.S. 25, 32 (1993)). That obviously

17 presents a common issue amenable to class treatment.

18

3. Typicality

19

Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23(a)(3) requires that “the claims . . . of the

20 representative parties [be] typical of the claims . . . of the class.” “[T]he typicality

21 requirement is permissive and requires only that the representative’s claims are

22 reasonably coextensive with those of absent class members; they need not be

23 substantially identical.” Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1124 (quotation marks omitted).

24 “The test of typicality is ‘whether other members [of the class] have the same or

25 similar injury, whether the action is based on conduct which is not unique to the

26 named plaintiffs, and whether other class members have been injured by the same

27 course of conduct.’” Parsons v. Ryan, 754 F.3d 657, 685 (9th Cir. 2014) (citation

28 omitted). Typicality is satisfied “when each class member’s claim arises from the

7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 13 of 17 Page ID #:48

1 same course of events, and each class member makes similar legal arguments to

2 prove the defendant’s liability.” Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1124 (quotation omitted).

3

The Proposed Class meets the typicality requirement because the named

4 Plaintiffs and Proposed Class members are all individuals who are detained at

5 Adelanto, and their claims all arise from the same failure to adequately implement

6 social distancing at Adelanto in response to COVID-19. See Compl. ¶ 46. Finally,

7 they all will suffer the same harm: the significant and avoidable risk of serious

8 illness or death. Schneberk Decl. ¶¶ 14-19; see, e.g., Kuang v. United States Dep’t

9 of Def., 340 F. Supp. 3d 873, 892 (N.D. Cal. 2018) (finding typicality requirement

10 met when “named Plaintiffs and putative class members have all suffered, and

11 continue to suffer, the same general injury”).

12

4. Adequacy of Representation

13

Rule 23(a)(4) requires that the “representative parties will fairly and

14 adequately protect the interests of the class.” The adequacy inquiry asks: “(1) do the

15 named plaintiffs and their counsel have any conflicts of interest with other class

16 members and (2) will the named plaintiffs and their counsel prosecute the action

17 vigorously on behalf of the class?” Hanlon v. Chrysler Corp., 150 F.3d 1011, 1020

18 (9th Cir. 1998). This requirement “tend[s] to merge with the commonality and

19 typicality criteria of Rule 23(a).” Amchem Prods., Inc. v. Windsor, 521 U.S. 591,

20 626 n.20 (1997) (internal quotation marks omitted).

21

Both requirements are plainly satisfied here. First, there is no conflict between

22 the named Plaintiffs and other members of the Proposed Class. The named Plaintiffs

23 and other class members have the same injury and seek the same relief—namely, (1)

24 a declaration that conditions of confinement for all individuals held at the Adelanto

25 Detention Facility are currently unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment Due

26 Process Clause because they do not permit social distancing; and (2) a Writ of

27 Habeas Corpus or an injunction remedying those practices. See Compl. ¶¶ 81-85;

28 Kuang, 340 F. Supp. 3d at 892 (finding adequacy requirement met in part because

8

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 14 of 17 Page ID #:49

1 “named Plaintiffs have a similar alleged injury as the rest of the proposed class”).

2 Second, the named Plaintiffs have confirmed their willingness to vigorously

3 prosecute this action, and their commitment to ensuring “that all people facing the

4 current dangerous conditions in Adelanto benefit from this case just as [they] do.”

5 Decl. of Ruth Calvillo in Support of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. ¶ 27; see also Decl. of

6 Erika Roman in Support of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj.; Decl. of Lesly Gaona in Support

7 of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj.; Decl. of Christina Avalos in Support of Mot. for a Prelim.

8 Inj.6

9

Moreover, the Proposed Class is represented by counsel from the American

10 Civil Liberties Union Foundation of Southern California and Latham and Watkins

11 LLP. Counsel has extensive experience litigating class action lawsuits and other

12 complex cases in federal court, including civil rights lawsuits on behalf of

13 imprisoned immigrants. See Decl. of Jessica Bansal. Counsel will vigorously

14 represent the Proposed Class.

15

B. The Proposed Class Meets The Requirements Of Rule 23(b)(2)

16

In addition to satisfying the four prerequisites of Rule 23(a), the Proposed

17 Class qualifies for class treatment under Rule 23(b)(2). Rule 23(b)(2) requires

18 Plaintiffs establish that “the party opposing the class has acted or refused to act on

19

20 6 ICE has placed severe restrictions on attorneys’ ability to access their clients at Adelanto, including limitations on in-person visits unless attorneys bring their own
21 personal protective equipment, which is obviously in very short supply. See Motion for TRO at 10-17, Torres v. Nielsen, Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal),
22 Dkt. No. 127-1 (describing current limitations on attorney-client communication at Adelanto and seeking emergency relief to ensure detainees maintain basic access to
23 counsel during the COVID-19 pandemic); Decl. of Gabriel Valdez (“Valdez Decl.”) ¶ 26 Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00627-TJH-GJS (C.D.
24 Cal. Apr. 7, 2020), ECF No. 45-1. In addition, ICE provides no effective way for attorneys to conduct confidential calls with clients detained at Adelanto. See Mot.
25 for TRO at 10-17, Torres v. Nielson, Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 26, 2020), ECF No. 127-1. As a result, and because of the urgency of the situation, in
26 lieu of declarations from Plaintiffs-Petitioners themselves, the attorneys representing Plaintiff-Petitioners in their administrative removal proceedings have
27 provided declarations describing the facts of their cases. A temporary restraining order requiring that the government take steps to improve access to counsel at
28 Adelanto was granted on April 11, 2020. Torres v. Nielson, Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal), Dkt. No. 144.

9

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 15 of 17 Page ID #:50

1 grounds that apply generally to the class, so that final injunctive relief or

2 corresponding declaratory relief is appropriate respecting the class as a whole.” Fed.

3 R. Civ. P. 23(b)(2).

4

“Rule [23](b)(2) was adopted in order to permit the prosecution of civil rights

5 actions.” Walters v. Reno, 145 F.3d 1032, 1047 (9th Cir. 1998). As a result, “‘[i]t is

6 sufficient’ to meet the requirements of Rule 23(b)(2) [that] ‘class members complain

7 of a pattern or practice that is generally applicable to the class as a whole.’”

8 Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1125-26 (citation omitted) (finding that class of noncitizens

9 detained during immigration proceedings met Rule 23(b)(2) criteria because “all

10 class members [sought] the exact same relief as a matter of statutory or, in the

11 alternative, constitutional right”); id. at 1125 (“The fact that some class members

12 may have suffered no injury or different injuries from the challenged practice does

13 not prevent the class from meeting the requirements of Rule 23(b)(2).”).

14

The class Plaintiffs seek to certify is a paradigm Rule 23(b)(2) class. First,

15 Defendants are acting on grounds that are generally applicable to the class because

16 they subject all members of the Proposed Class to the same policies or practices—

17 namely, the class as a whole is not able to practice adequate social distancing and

18 protect themselves from COVID-19 infection. See Compl. ¶ 1. Second, the

19 injunctive relief requested by Plaintiffs is appropriate for the class as a whole. The

20 class requests uniform relief in the form of 1) a declaration that Defendants’ current

21 detention practices in Adelanto violate the Fifth Amendment Due Process Clause

22 because they do not permit social distancing as necessary to minimize infection with

23 COVID-19; and (2) an injunction mandating social distancing, including by

24 establishing expedited release procedures available to all Class members, so as to

25 bring Adelanto’s population to a level where Defendants can implement appropriate

26 social distancing for all remaining detainees.7 See id. at 23-24. In order to comply

27

28 7 Plaintiffs describe this proposed procedure in more detail in their Proposed Order Granting their Motion for Preliminary Injunction.

10

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 16 of 17 Page ID #:51

1 with that injunction, Defendants must quickly release enough detainees to ensure

2 that those remaining at the facility are able to engage in appropriate social

3 distancing.8

4

Because this remedy would afford the same relief to all members of the

5 Proposed Class, certification under Rule 23(b)(2) is appropriate. See Parsons, 754

6 F.3d at 689 (finding declaratory and injunctive relief proper as to class where “every

7 [member] . . . is allegedly suffering the same (or at least a similar) injury and that

8 injury can be alleviated for every class member by uniform changes in . . . policy

9 and practice”); Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1126 (certifying Rule 23(b)(2) class of

10 imprisoned immigrants where class sought uniform procedure for release, because

11 “relief from a single practice is requested by all class members”).

12

C. Class Treatment Is Necessary To Conserve Judicial Resources And Avoid Arbitrary Relief

13

In the past several weeks, this Court has seen a flurry of requests for relief

14 from immigrants detained in Adelanto. The Court has acted decisively. See Castillo 15 TRO at *6 (granting temporary restraining order on behalf of two Adelanto

16 detainees); Fraihat v. Wolf, TRO and Order to Show Cause, No ED-CV200059017 TJH, at *12 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020) (granting temporary restraining order on

18 behalf of one Adelanto detainee); Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, No. 5:20-CV-00527 19 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF Nos. 35-39, 42-43 (granting temporary restraining

20 orders on behalf of six Adelanto detainees). Moreover, in doing so, the Court has

21 explained that “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil detainee cannot be subject to

22 the current conditions of confinement.” Castillo TRO, at *5. That holding is true for 23 all Proposed Class Members.

24

25 8 While Defendants may object that the proposed remedy does not run to all Class 26 members (because not all of them need to be released to comply with Plaintiffs’
demand), this objection misunderstands Plaintiffs’ claim. Plaintiffs seek to stop the 27 government from holding all Class members in unsafe conditions. Granting the
relief sought here would provide that relief for everyone. Whether inside or outside 28 the facility, all Class members would see the ongoing violation of their Fifth
Amendment rights remedied.

11

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 17 of 17 Page ID #:52

1

The only way for the Adelanto detainees to have equal access to potentially

2 life-saving relief is a class-wide remedy. The Court has already stated, “Unless an

3 Adelanto habeas case is filed as a class action, each case shall be limited to a single

4 petitioner.” Castillo v. Barr, Minute Order, No. 5:20-cv-00605-TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr.

5 7, 2020), ECF No. 37. Should the Court deny Plaintiffs’ motion for provisional class

6 certification, dozens, perhaps hundreds of individual Adelanto detainees will likely

7 file claims for relief depending on their access to lawyers or equivalent humanitarian

8 outreach. The result will be vastly underinclusive and likely unfair. All of the

9 Proposed Class Members are at grave risk of COVID-19 infection under their current

10 conditions of confinement regardless of whether their circumstances permit them to

11 file individual claims. The only just solution is to adjudicate the rights of detainees

12 at Adelanto as a single unit, and provide system-wide relief compelling ICE to do

13 what the Fifth Amendment demands.

14 III. CONCLUSION

15

The Court should provisionally certify the Proposed Class.

16

17

Respectfully submitted,

18

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

19 Dated: April 13, 2020 20 21

/s/ Amanda Barnett AMANDA BARNETT Counsel for Plaintiffs

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

12

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-2 Filed 04/13/20 Page 1 of 7 Page ID #:53

1 SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com
2 WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com
3 LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW
4 Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304
5 Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201
6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)
7 amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)
8 jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
9 355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560
10 Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763
11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners
12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 17

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

) )

ADELANTO COVID

) )

DECLARATION OF JESSICA

18

) KARP BANSAL

19

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

)

)

20 v.

) )

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

21 Department of Homeland Security;

)

22

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing

) )

23

the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement;

) )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

24 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

25

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES

) )

26

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

) )

)

27

Respondents-Defendants. )

28

)

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 5-2 Filed 04/13/20 Page 2 of 7 Page ID #:54

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1ÿÿ

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6 Filed 04/13/20 Page 1 of 2 Page ID #:62

1

SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com

2

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com

3

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW

4

Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

5

Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201

6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)

7

amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)

8

jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

9

355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560

10

Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763

11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO

16 CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

) )

ADELANTO COVID

17

ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) )

BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO

) CHAVEZ’S EX PARTE

18 19 v.

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

) ) )

APPLICATION FOR TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER

)

20

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security;

) )

21

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing

) )

22 the Duties of the Director, U.S.

)

Immigration and Customs Enforcement; )

23

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and

) )

24

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES

) )

25 JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE

)

Processing Center,

)

26

) Respondents-Defendants. )

27

)

28

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6 Filed 04/13/20 Page 2 of 2 Page ID #:63

1

Pursuant to Rule 65(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and Local

2 Rule 65-1, Plaintiff-Petitioner Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez hereby moves this

3 court for emergency relief in the form of a temporary restraining order directing

4 that she be immediately released from her current confinement at the Adelanto

5 ICE Processing Center, under appropriate conditions as may be deemed necessary

6 by the Court, in light of the serious risks to her health and safety posed by the

7 current COVID-19 pandemic. This Application is supported by the accompanying

8 Memorandum of Points and Authorities, Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus and

9 Complaint for Injunctive and Declaratory Relief, and by Declarations and Exhibits

10 filed contemporaneously.

11

On April 13, at 10:13 am, counsel for Plaintiffs emailed Assistant United

12 States Attorney Joanne Osinoff to advise of this Ex Parte Application for

13 Temporary Restraining Order. Ms. Osinoff informed counsel for Plaintiffs that the

14 United States Attorney’s Office intends to oppose this application.

15

16

Respectfully submitted,

17 18 Dated: April 13, 2020 19

/s/ Amanda Barnett AMANDA BARNETT Counsel for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28 1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 1 of 22 Page ID #:64

1 SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com
2 WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com
3 LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW
4 Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304
5 Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201
6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)
7 amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)
8 jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
9 355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560
10 Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763
11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners
12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 17

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

) )

ADELANTO COVID

) )

PLAINTIFF BEATRIZ ANDREA

18

) FORERO CHAVEZ’S

19 20

Petitioners-Plaintiffs, v. CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S.

) ) ) ) )

MEMORANDUM OF POINTS AND AUTHORITIES IN SUPPORT OF MOTION FOR TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER

21 Department of Homeland Security;

)

22

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing

) )

23

the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement;

) )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

24 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

25

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES

) )

26

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

) )

)

27

Respondents-Defendants. )

28

)

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 2 of 22 Page ID #:65

1 2 3 I. 4 II. 5 6 7 8 9 III. 10 IV. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
V. 23 24 25 26 27 28

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................... 1 FACTS............................................................................................................ 2 A. COVID-19 Poses Grave Risk Of Harm To Plaintiff ........................... 2 B. Plaintiff Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez Faces an
Imminent and Substantial Risk of Contracting COVID19 in Adelanto ...................................................................................... 3 C. Plaintiff Forero Chavez ........................................................................ 6 LEGAL STANDARD .................................................................................... 7 ARGUMENT ................................................................................................. 8 A. Plaintiff is Likely to Succeed on the Merits ........................................ 8 1. Plaintiff’s Continued Detention at Adelanto
Violates The Fifth Amendment Right to Reasonable Safety in Government Custody .............................. 8 2. Defendants’ COVID-19 response Subjects Plaintiff to Punitive Conditions in Violation of the Fifth Amendment.............................................................................. 10 3. The Court Has Authority to Order Plaintiff’s Release ..................................................................................... 13 B. Plaintiff Satisfies the Remaining Factors for a Temporary Restraining Order ............................................................................... 14 1. Exposure to a Lethal Virus Which Lacks Any Vaccine, Treatment, or Cure Constitutes Irreparable Harm...................................................................... 14 2. The Public Interest and Balance of Equities Weigh Heavily in Plaintiff’s Favor ..................................................... 15 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................ 16

II

US-DOCS\115301716.4

ii

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 3 of 22 Page ID #:66

1

TABLE OF AUTHORITIES

2

Page(s)

3 CASES
4

5

All. for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 632 F.3d 1127 (9th Cir. 2011) .............................................................................. 7

6 Bell v. Wolfish,
7 441 U.S. 520 (1979) ........................................................................................... 11

8 Brown v. Plata, 9 563 U.S. 493 (2011) ....................................................................................... 9, 13

10 Castillo v. Barr,

11 No. CV 20-00605 TJH, 2020 WL 1502864 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 27,

12

2020) ............................................................................................................ passim

13

DeGidio v. Pung, 920 F.2d 525 (8th Cir. 1990) ................................................................................ 9

14

15

DeShaney v. Winnebago Cty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 489 U.S. 189 (1989) ............................................................................................. 8

16 Gordon v. Cty. of Orange, 17 888 F.3d 1118 (9th Cir. 2018).............................................................................. 9

18 Helling v. McKinney, 19 509 U.S. 25 (1993) ............................................................................................... 9

20 Hernandez v. City of San Jose, 21 897 F.3d 1125 (9th Cir. 2018).............................................................................. 9

22 Hernandez v. County of Monterey,

23

305 F.R.D. 132 (N.D. Cal. 2015) ......................................................................... 9

24

Hernandez v. Sessions, 872 F.3d 976 (9th Cir. 2017) ........................................................................ 14, 15

25

26

Hutto v. Finney, 437 U.S. 678 (1978) ....................................................................................... 9, 14

27 Jones v. Blanas, 28 393 F.3d 918 (9th Cir. 2004) ........................................................................ 11, 12

iii

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 4 of 22 Page ID #:67

1 King v. County of Los Angeles, 2 885 F.3d 548 (9th Cir. 2018) .............................................................................. 11

3 Lopez v. Heckler,

4

713 F.2d 1432 (9th Cir. 1983) ............................................................................ 15

5 M.R. v. Dreyfus, 663 F.3d 1100 (9th Cir. 2011), as amended by 697 F.3d 706 (9th
6 Cir 2012)............................................................................................................. 14

7 Padilla v. U.S. Immigration & Customs Enforcement, 8 No. 19-35565, 2020 WL 1482393 (9th Cir. Mar. 27, 2020).............................. 14

9 Pierce v. Cty. of Orange, 10 526 F.3d 1190 (9th Cir. 2008)............................................................................ 11

11 Pimentel v. Dreyfus,

12

670 F.3d 1096 (9th Cir. 2012) .............................................................................. 7

13 Stone v. City & Cty. of San Francisco,

14

968 F.2d 850 (9th Cir. 1992) .............................................................................. 13

15

Stuhlbarg Int’l Sales Co. v. John D. Brush & Co., 240 F.3d 832 (9th Cir. 2001) ................................................................................ 7

16

17

Torres v. U.S. Dep’t of Homeland Sec., 411 F. Supp. 3d 1036 (C.D. Cal. 2019).............................................................. 12

18 Winter v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 19 555 U.S. 7 (2008) ................................................................................................. 7

20 Youngberg v. Romeo, 21 457 U.S. 307 (1982) ....................................................................................... 8, 11

22

OTHER AUTHORITIES

23 Chris Mooney, Brady Dennis and Sarah Kaplan, Hundreds of young

24 Americans have now been killed by the coronavirus, data shows,

25

Washington Post (Apr. 8, 2020), https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/04/08/young-

26 people-coronavirus-deaths/................................................................................... 2

27

28

iv

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 5 of 22 Page ID #:68

1 Cook County Jail Releases Detainees “Highly Vulnerable” to 2 Coronavirus, NBC Chicago (Mar. 17,2020),
https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/cookcounty-jail-releases3 detainees-highly-vulnerable-to-coronavirus/2238813/ ...................................... 12

4 Jo Craven McGinty, Why Doesn’t Flu Tank Economy Like Covid-19?,

5 Wall Street Journal (Apr. 10, 2020),

6

https://www.wsj.com/articles/why-doesnt-flu-tank-economy-likecovid-19-11586511000....................................................................................... 14

7

8

Julia Marsh & Ben Feuerherd, NYC to release 40 coronavirus-prone inmates from Rikers as early as today, New York Post (Mar. 19,

9 2020), https://nypost.com/2020/03/19/nyc-to-release-40coronavirusprone- inmates-from-rikers-as-early-as-today/ ............................... 11
10

11

Kate Morissey, Detainees at Otay Mesa Detention Centers were offered masks, but only if they signed contracts, San Diego Tribune

12 (Apr. 10, 2020),

13

https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/immigration/story/20 20-04-10/otay-mesa-detention-center-gets-masks-but-asks-

14 detainees-to-sign-contract-first............................................................................. 4

15 Letter from Drs. Scott A. Allen & Josiah Rich to Rep. Bennie

16 Thompson, et al. (Mar. 19, 2020), available at

17

https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6816336-032020Letter-From-Drs-Allen-Rich-to-Congress-

18 Re.html#document/p4/a557238 ........................................................................... 3

19 Letter from Mike McGrath, Chief Just., Sup. Ct. of Mont., to Mont.

20

Dist. Ct. Judges (Mar. 20, 2020), https://courts.mt.gov/Portals/189/virus/Ltr%20to%20COLJ%20Jud

21 ges%20re%20COVID-19%20032020.pdf?ver=2020-03-20-

22 115517-333......................................................................................................... 12

23 Melissa Davey, What is a pandemic and does it change the approach

24

to coronavirus?, The Guardian (Mar. 14, 2020), https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/14/what-is-a-

25 pandemic-coronavirus-covid-19........................................................................... 2

26 Responses to COVID-19 pandemic, Prison Policy Initiative (Apr. 10,

27

2020), https://www.prisonpolicy.org/virus/virusresponse.html#releases ....................... 6

28

v

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 6 of 22 Page ID #:69

1 Ryan Autullo, Travis County Judges Releasing Inmates to Limit 2 Coronavirus Spread, Statesman (Mar. 16, 2020, 6:12 PM),
https://www.statesman.com/news/20200316/travis-county-judges3 releasing-inmates-to-limit-coronavirus-spread .................................................. 12

4 Ryan Deto & Ollie Gratzinger, Allegheny County Jail plans to release

5 some medically vulnerable inmates, but advocacy groups say it’s

6

not enough, Pittsburgh City Paper (Mar. 19, 2020), https://www.pghcitypaper.com/pittsburgh/allegheny-county-jail-

7 plans-to-releasesome-medically-vulnerable-inmates-but-advocacy-

8

groups-say-its-notenough/Content?oid=16978582 ............................................ 12

9 Salvador Hernandez, Los Angeles is Releasing Inmates Early and

10

Arresting Fewer People Over Fears of the Coronavirus in Jails, Buzzfeed News (Mar. 16, 2020, 4:39 PM),

11 https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/salvadorhernandez/losangelescoronavirus- inmates-early-release......................................................... 11
12

13

San Diego & Sheriff to Release Inmates to Reduce Vulnerable Jail Population, CBS News 8 (Mar. 21, 2020, 11:33 AM),

14 https://www.cbs8.com/article/news/health/coronavirus/san-diego-

15

da-sheriff-to-release-inmates-to-reduce-vulnerable-jailpopulation/509-75730ca5-445a-4811-9024-6aeb1d9c2777 .............................. 12

16

17

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Confirmed Cases, ICE Guidance on COVID-19 (last updated Apr. 10, 2020, 5:35 p.m.),

18 https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus.......................................................................... 4

19 US Jails Begin Releasing Prisoners to Stem COVID-19 Infections,

20

BBC News (Mar. 19, 2020), https://www.bbc.com/news/world-uscanada-51947802................................................................................................ 11

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

vi

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 7 of 22 Page ID #:70

1 I. INTRODUCTION

2

Petitioner-Plaintiff Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez (“Plaintiff”) is a civil

3 detainee in the Adelanto ICE Processing Center (“Adelanto”). Plaintiff is a class

4 representative of the Proposed Class seeking a preliminary injunction. While the

5 motion for preliminary class-wide relief is pending, Plaintiff seeks a temporary

6 restraining order granting her release from Adelanto.

7

This Court has recognized the gravity of the threat posed by continued

8 detention at Adelanto and held that “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil detainee

9 cannot be subject to the current conditions of confinement at Adelanto.” Castillo v.

10 Barr, No. CV 20-00605 TJH, 2020 WL 1502864 (“Castillo TRO”), at *5 (C.D. Cal.

11 Mar. 27, 2020). Accordingly, the Court has issued temporary restraining orders and

12 released at least two dozen individuals and placed them under appropriate conditions

13 of confinement outside of Adelanto.1

14

15

1 See, e.g., Castillo v. Barr (“Castillo TRO”), No. CV 20-00605 TJH (AFMx), 2020 WL 1502864, at *11 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 27, 2020) (ordering two detainees

16

released); TRO and Order No. ED-CV2000590-TJH

(tCo .SDh.oCwalC. aMusaer.a3t01,22,0F2r0a)ih(oartdve.rWingolaf

(d“eFtarianieheatreTlReaOse”d),);

17

TRO and Order to Show Cause at 14, Hernandez v. Wolf (“Hernandez TRO”), Case No. EDCV 20-00617 TJH (KSx) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 1, 2020), ECF No. 17; TRO

18

and Order to Show (SHKx) (C.D. Cal.

ACapur.se2,a2t 022, 0S)u, dEnCeFy

vN. oW. o1l2f,;

Case TRO

No. and

EDCV 20-00626 TJH Order to Show Cause

at

19

22,0M20u)n, oEzCvF.

WNoo.lf1, 4C; aRsoebNleos.

EDCV 20-00625 TJH (SHKx) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 2, Rodriguez v. Wolf, No. 5:20-CV-00527 (C.D. Cal.

Apr.

20

3, 2020) ECF Nos. 35-39, 42-43 (granting temporary restraining orders on behalf of six Adelanto detainees); TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Perez Cruz v.

21

BanadrrO, CrdaesretoNSo.hEowDCCVau2s0e-a0t026,6S8inTgJhHv(.CB.Dar.rC, Cala.sAe pNr.o3. ,E2D0C20V),2E0C-0F06N5o3.

8; TRO TJH

22

(C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 11; TRO and v. Marin, Case No. EDCV 20-00646 TJH (C.D.

Order to Show Cause at Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF

N2,oN. 1g0u;yen

23

TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Bogle v. Barr, Case No. EDCV 20-00650 TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 12; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Eyere v.

24

WTRoOlf,

Case No. 5:20-cv-00700-TJH-MAA (C.D. and Order to Show Cause, Yanez Montoya

Cal. Apr. 9, 2020), ECF No. 17; v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00713

25

(TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 10, 2020), ECF No. 11; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Hernandez Arevalo v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00712 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 10,

26

2020), ECF No. 14; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Zendejas Lopez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00702 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 8, 2020), ECF No. 12; TRO and Order to

27 S20h2o0w),CEaCuFseN, Mo.o1r3en. o v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00718 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 9,

28

1
|| US-DOCS\115301716.4

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 8 of 22 Page ID #:71

1

Plaintiff is similarly situated to these other Adelanto detainees. She also

2 suffers from hypertension and human papilloma virus, making her at particular risk

3 if she contracts COVID-19. The Court should grant Plaintiff’s release pending the

4 determination of the class-wide preliminary injunction.

5 II. FACTS2

6

A. COVID-19 Poses Grave Risk Of Harm To Plaintiff

7

COVID-19 is a deadly pandemic. In the short time since the first cases

8 emerged in Wuhan, China, late last year, COVID-19 has spread around the globe at

9 breakneck speed. Because humans have never been exposed to this virus, they have

10 not developed any immunities or protective responses, and thus everyone is at risk

11 of infection.3 In fact, although certain characteristics such as advanced age or

12 underlying health conditions exacerbate the risk of death or serious illness from

13 COVID-19, early CDC data shows nearly 40% of COVID-19 patients hospitalized

14 in the U.S. have been between the ages of 18 and 54. Decl. of Dr. Todd Schneberk

15 in Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Schneberk Decl.”) ¶¶ 14, 16. In New York,

16 approximately one-third of the patients between the ages of 30 and 39 who died from

17 COVID-19 did not appear to have any risk factors, Schneberk Decl. ¶ 17, and

18 physicians treating COVID-19 have noted the “randomness” with regard to which

19 young people are unable to survive contraction of the illness.4

20

There is no vaccine, antiviral treatment, or cure for COVID-19. The disease

21 is believed to spread through “droplets” that can be transmitted during close

22

23 2 Plaintiff incorporates by reference the factual background discussed in the accompanying Memorandum in Support of Plaintiffs’ Motion for a Preliminary
24 Injunction.

25

3 See Melissa Davey, What is a pandemic and does it change the approach to coronavirus?, The Guardian (Mar. 14, 2020),

26

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/14/what-is-a-pandemiccoronavirus-covid-19.

27 4 Chris Mooney, Brady Dennis and Sarah Kaplan, Hundreds of young Americans have now been killed by the coronavirus, data shows, Washington Post (Apr. 8,
28 2020), https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/04/08/young-peoplecoronavirus-deaths/.

2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 9 of 22 Page ID #:72

1 interpersonal contact of about six feet. Decl. of Dr. Robert B. Greifinger in Supp. of

2 Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Greifinger Decl.”) ¶ 5; Schneberk Decl. ¶¶ 7–8. And

3 evidence shows individuals infected with COVID-19 can transmit it to others even

4 if they have no symptoms. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 9. Because of its highly contagious

5 nature, the only known effective measure to reduce the risk of injury or death from

6 COVID-19 is to prevent people from being infected in the first place. Greifinger

7 Decl. ¶ 4. In the absence of a comprehensive testing regime, “social distancing,” or

8 maintaining six feet of separation at all times from other people, is the only effective

9 means of stopping the spread of the disease in the long run. Greifinger Decl. ¶ 4;

10 Schneberk Decl. ¶ 39.

11

B. Plaintiff Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez Faces an Imminent and

12

Substantial Risk of Contracting COVID-19 in Adelanto

13

Dr. Greifinger explains that “[j]ails and detention centers are congregate

14 environments where the risk of infection and infectious spread is extremely high.”

15 Greifinger Decl. ¶ 12. At Adelanto, as in other similar environments, there is a

16 heightened risk of infection due to the lack of adequate hygiene and the inability of

17 detainees to practice social distancing. Id. ¶¶ 13–15; see also Schneberk Decl. ¶ 38

18 (“Because of the structure and conditions at Adelanto, detainees face a dramatically

19 reduced ability to protect themselves by social distancing than they would in the

20 community, and therefore face a significantly higher risk of being exposed to and

21 infected by contagious diseases like COVID-19.”). Defendants’ own medical subject

22 matter experts have recognized that conditions like those present currently at

23 Adelanto amount to a “tinderbox scenario” for the rapid spread of COVID-19. See

24 Letter from Drs. Scott A. Allen & Josiah Rich to Rep. Bennie Thompson, et al. (Mar.

25 19, 2020), available at https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6816336-

26 032020-Letter-From-Drs-Allen-Rich-to-Congress-Re.html#document/p4/a557238;

27 see also Schneberk Decl. ¶¶ 23–35; Greifinger Decl. ¶¶ 12–18.

28

Similar conditions have led to disastrous results in other congregate facilities.

3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 10 of 22 Page ID #:73

1 In three weeks across March and April, the jail at Rikers Island in New York jumped

2 from no cases among inmates to 273 cases, a higher rate of infection than in the most

3 infected places in the world; four corrections staff members and one inmate have

4 died. Suppl. Greifinger Decl. ¶ 13. The Cook County Jail has likewise seen an

5 alarming rise in cases: the Jail went from two confirmed inmate cases on March 23,

6 2020, to 234 confirmed inmate cases on April 7, 2020; one inmate has died. Id ¶ 14.

7 As of April 13, 2020, there were at least 72 confirmed cases among detainees in ICE

8 custody, including twelve at the Otay Mesa Detention Center in San Diego.5

9 According to detainees and their lawyers, officials at Otay Mesa initially refused to

10 give masks to detainees unless they signed a waiver releasing the prison contractor

11 from liability.6

12

Dr. Greifinger details the numerous ways in which ICE’s response to the

13 significant challenge of dealing with a pandemic in a detention setting has been

14 “wholly inadequate.” Greifinger Decl. ¶¶ 17–24. The descriptions of other class

15 members and individuals recently released from Adelanto confirm ICE’s utter

16 failure to protect those who are detained there. Despite the crowded, communal

17 facilities, detainees have no access to masks. See Decl. of Paola Rayon Vite in Supp.

18 of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Rayon Vite Decl.”) ¶ 13; Decl. of Luis Lopez Salgado in

19 Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Lopez Salgado Decl.”) ¶¶ 20, 21; Decl. of

20 Charleston Edward Dacoff in Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Dacoff Decl.”) ¶¶

21 28, 29; Decl. of Ruth Calvillo in Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Calvillo Decl.”)

22 ¶¶ 20, 22.7 Guards and medical staff generally do not wear masks, though they

23 5 U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Confirmed Cases, ICE Guidance on

24 COVID-19 (last updated Apr. 13, 2020, 11:43 a.m.),

https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus (click on “Confirmed Cases”).

25 6 Kate Morissey, Detainees at Otay Mesa Detention Centers were offered masks,

26

but only if they signed contracts, San Diego Tribune (Apr. 10, 2020), https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/immigration/story/2020-04-10/otay-

27

mesa-detention-center-gets-masks-but-asks-detainees-to-sign-contract-first. 7 ICE has placed severe restrictions on attorneys’ ability to access their clients at

28 Adelanto, including limitations on in-person visits unless attorneys bring their own

4

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 11 of 22 Page ID #:74

1 frequently stand in close proximity to detained individuals. See Calvillo Decl. ¶¶ 13,

2 20–21; Lopez Salgado Decl. ¶ 19; Rayon Vite Decl. ¶ 13; see also Schneberk Decl.

3 ¶ 29. Staff arrive and leave on a shift basis, and new detainees continue to arrive at

4 the facility, but there is no attempt to test staff or detainees for asymptomatic

5 infection. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 29; Greifinger Decl. ¶ 22; Dacoff Decl. ¶ 32; see also

6 Valdez Decl. ¶ 14. Even detainees who are experiencing symptoms of COVID-19,

7 such as fever and cough, are not tested. Declaration of Jose Hernandez Velasquez

8 (“Hernandez Velasquez Decl.”) ¶ 18; accord Rayon Vite Decl. ¶¶ 18–19; Dacoff

9 Decl. ¶ 32.

10

Plaintiff’s experience has been no different. Plaintiff reports that no

11 precautions are being taken by the guards, for themselves or for detainees. Decl. of

12 Christina Avalos in Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Avalos Decl.”) ¶ 11.

13 Moreover, all detainees, including Plaintiff, share toilets, sinks, and showers with

14 others in their dormitories and pods, without disinfection after each use. Schneberk

15 Decl. ¶ 28; Rayon Vite Decl. ¶¶ 9–11; Lopez Salgado Decl. ¶¶ 11–14; Dacoff Decl.

16 ¶¶ 8–13; Robles Rodriguez Decl. ¶¶ 9–11. Showers are typically crowded with

17 people and placed so closely together that, when standing in one shower stall, “you

18 could reach out your hand and press the button for the shower adjacent to yours.”

19 Dacoff Decl. ¶¶ 14; 18. Again, in the opinions of Plaintiffs’ medical experts, it is not

20

21

personal protective Motion for TRO at

1eq0u-1ip7m, Teonrt,rewshvi.cNh iieslsoebnv,ioCuassleyNinov. e1r8y-csvh-o0r2t6s0u2pp(lCy..DS.eCe al),

22 Dkt. No. 127-1 (describing current limitations on attorney-client communication at

Adelanto and seeking emergency relief to ensure detainees maintain basic access to

23 24

counsel during the COVID-19 pandemic); Decl. of Gabriel Valdez (“Valdez

Decl.”) ¶ Cal. Apr.

276, ,2R02o0b)le, sERCoFdNriog.u4ez5-v1..WInolafd, dCiatisoenN, IoC.E5:c2u0r-rcevn-t0ly06p2ro7v-TidJeHs-nGoJSef(fCec.Dtiv. e

way for attorneys to conduct confidential calls with clients detained at Adelanto.

25 See Mot. for TRO at 10-17, Torres v. Nielson, Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal.

Mar. 26, 2020), ECF No. 127-1. As a result, and because of the urgency of the

26

situation, in lieu of declarations from Plaintiffs-Petitioners themselves, the attorneys representing Plaintiff-Petitioners in their administrative removal

27

proceedings have provided declarations describing the facts of their cases. A temporary restraining order requiring that the government take steps to improve

28 access to counsel at Adelanto was granted on April 11, 2020. Torres v. Nielson,

Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 11, 2020), ECF No. 144.

5

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 12 of 22 Page ID #:75

1 possible “to achieve adequate social distancing and hygiene in communal

2 bathroom[s]” unless “people [are] at least six feet apart at all times” and the

3 “facilities [are] thoroughly disinfected after each use”—which is impossible if 72

4 people are confined to single shower area. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 28; see also Greifinger

5 Decl. ¶ 26.

6

Absent Court intervention, Plaintiff will not be able to practice social

7 distancing while detained in Adelanto. The Government has expressed in numerous

8 filings before this Court that it has no intention of engaging in meaningful social

9 distancing at Adelanto, dismissing such practices as “idealized safety

10 precaution[s].”8 ICE’s practice and attitude is an aberration. Multiple jurisdictions,

11 including Los Angeles, CA, Chicago, IL, Harris County, TX, New York City, and

12 the entire states of New Jersey and Iowa have released thousands of people from

13 criminal custody, acknowledging the grave threat that an outbreak in jails and

14 detention centers poses.9 Other public officials have likewise called for the release

15 of eligible individuals from detention. For example, the former Acting Director of

16 ICE, John Sandweg, has advocated releasing individuals to combat the spread of

17 COVID-19 in detention centers, and has stated “ICE has the operational capacity to

18 quickly and drastically reduce the population of civil immigration detainees.”

19 Motion for TRO Ex. 19, Sandweg Decl. ¶ 9, Thompson v. Tsoukaris, Case No. 1:20-

20 cv-01449-SDG (N.D. Ga. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 4-20.

21

C. Plaintiff Forero Chavez

22

Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez is a 31-year old citizen of Colombia. Avalos

23 Decl. ¶ 8. She has been detained in Adelanto since September 2019. Id. ¶ 7. Ms.

24 Forero Chavez has never been charged with or convicted of any crime, in the United

25 States or in any other country. Id. ¶ 10. She was a vocal supporter of women’s rights

26 8 Reply to Order to Show Cause (“Robles Rodriguez Gov’t Reply”) at 12, Robles

27

Rodriguez v. Wolf, No. 5:20-cv-00627-TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 8, 2020), ECF No. 45. 9 See Responses to COVID-19 pandemic, Prison Policy Initiative (Apr. 10, 2020),

28 https://www.prisonpolicy.org/virus/virusresponse.html#releases (collecting

instances where jails and prisons have released detainees due to COVID-19).

6

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 13 of 22 Page ID #:76

1 in Colombia, for which she faced emotional, mental, physical, and sexual abuse from

2 her ex-partner and others. Id. ¶ 8. She fled to the United States to seek asylum in

3 2019, and in September, an asylum officer found that she has a credible fear of

4 returning to Colombia. Id.

5

Ms. Forero Chavez has been diagnosed with human papilloma virus, with

6 possible precancerous cells detected, and hypertension. Id. ¶ 9. She has not been

7 receiving medication for her hypertension. Id. ¶ 11. She also has been suffering from

8 recent severe headaches, for which she has been prescribed only ibuprofen, which

9 has not controlled the headaches. Id. She was frightened by a recent incident in

10 which another detainee, who had been suffering from headaches for several days,

11 convulsed on the floor until “someone in a hazmat suit” took the detainee away. Id.

12 If Ms. Forero Chavez is released, she will live with her U.S. citizen sponsor in

13 Ontario, California. Id. ¶ 14. She will be able to social-distance and otherwise

14 comply with public health recommendations to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Id.

15 III. LEGAL STANDARD

16

Plaintiffs are entitled to a temporary restraining order if they show: (1) a

17 likelihood of success on the merits; (2) they are likely to suffer irreparable harm in

18 the absence of relief; (3) the balance of equities tips in their favor; and, (4) an

19 injunction is in the public interest. See Winter v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555

20 U.S. 7, 20 (2008); Stuhlbarg Int’l Sales Co. v. John D. Brush & Co., 240 F.3d 832,

21 839 n.7 (9th Cir. 2001) (noting that preliminary injunction and temporary restraining

22 order standards are “substantially identical”). The Ninth Circuit employs a sliding

23 scale approach, in which a stronger showing of one element may offset a weaker

24 showing of another. See Pimentel v. Dreyfus, 670 F.3d 1096, 1105 (9th Cir. 2012).

25 Thus, a temporary restraining order may issue where “serious questions going to the

26 merits [are] raised and the balance of hardships tips sharply in [plaintiffs’] favor.”

27 All. for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 632 F.3d 1127, 1131 (9th Cir. 2011) (citation

28 omitted) (alteration in original). To succeed under the “serious question” test,

7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 14 of 22 Page ID #:77

1 plaintiffs must show that they are likely to suffer irreparable injury and that an

2 injunction is in the public’s interest. Id. at 1132.

3 IV. ARGUMENT

4

In multiple orders over the past two weeks, this Court has recognized that

5 “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil detainee cannot be subject to the current

6 conditions of confinement at Adelanto.” Castillo TRO, at *5. Those conditions

7 include “sleeping rooms housing four or six detainees with shared sinks, toilets and

8 showers,” potentially infected guards who “regularly rotate through the various

9 holding areas several times a day” without always donning protective equipment,

10 and “meal times” where detainees “line up together, sometimes only inches apart, in

11 the cafeteria.” Castillo TRO at *2, see also Fraihat TRO at 4–5.

12

The conditions within Adelanto are fundamentally unchanged. Plaintiff here

13 is in even greater danger today than the detainees this Court has already released

14 because the spread of COVID-19 in the area—where facility staff commute from

15 daily—has dramatically increased in recent days. Plaintiff is entitled to—and

16 desperately requires—relief for the same reasons as the individuals this Court has

17 already released. The TRO should be granted.

18

A. Plaintiff is Likely to Succeed on the Merits

19

1. Plaintiff’s Continued Detention at Adelanto Violates The Fifth Amendment Right to Reasonable Safety in

20

Government Custody

21

Individuals confined by the government have a right to health and safety. See

22 Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S. 307, 315–16 (1982). “The rationale for this principle

23 is simple enough: when the State by the affirmative exercise of its power so restrains

24 an individual’s liberty that it renders him unable to care for himself, and at the same

25 time fails to provide for his basic human needs—e.g., food, clothing, shelter, medical

26 care, and reasonable safety—it transgresses the substantive limits on state action set

27 by the Eighth Amendment and the Due Process Clause.” DeShaney v. Winnebago

28 Cty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 489 U.S. 189, 200 (1989).

8

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 15 of 22 Page ID #:78

1

Thus, a plaintiff establishes “a due process violation” if the Government

2 “affirmatively placed them in danger,” and “acted with deliberate indifference to a

3 known or obvious danger in subjecting them to that danger.” Hernandez v. City of

4 San Jose, 897 F.3d 1125, 1137 (9th Cir. 2018). A plaintiff need not show that the

5 relevant government officials are “subjectively aware that their [actions are]

6 unreasonable,” only that “a reasonable official in the circumstances would have

7 appreciated the high degree of risk involved.” Gordon v. Cty. of Orange, 888 F.3d

8 1118, 1124–25 (9th Cir. 2018). This standard requires “something akin to reckless

9 disregard.” Id. In systemic cases, such as this, deliberate indifference can be shown

10 by evidence of “systematic or gross deficiencies in staffing, facilities, equipment, or

11 procedures.” Hernandez v. County of Monterey, 305 F.R.D. 132, 152–53, 155 n. 138

12 (N.D. Cal. 2015). The key question in such cases is whether systemic deficiencies

13 “taken as whole” subject people to a “substantial risk of serious harm.” See Brown

14 v. Plata, 563 U.S. 493, 505 n.3 (2011).

15

Furthermore, it is well-settled that a detainee’s constitutional protections

16 extend to “future harm,” including a “condition of confinement that is sure or very

17 likely to cause serious illness and needless suffering the next week or month or year.”

18 Helling v. McKinney, 509 U.S. 25, 33 (1993). Constitutional violations therefore can

19 arise from “the exposure of inmates to a serious, communicable disease” even if “the

20 complaining inmate shows no serious current symptoms” and “even though the

21 possible infection might not affect all those exposed.” Id.; see also Castillo TRO, at

22 *4; Hutto v. Finney, 437 U.S. 678, 682–83, 687 (1978) (risk of exposing inmates to

23 communicable diseases such as hepatitis and venereal disease violates the Eighth

24 Amendment); DeGidio v. Pung, 920 F.2d 525, 526, 533 (8th Cir. 1990) (inadequate

25 screening and control procedures in response to tuberculosis outbreak violated the

26 Eighth Amendment).

27

Here, as this Court has already recognized, COVID-19 poses a substantial risk

28 of serious harm to Plaintiffs, and Defendants’ response to that imminent risk

9

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 16 of 22 Page ID #:79

1 constitutes reckless disregard for their safety. As this Court explained in its Castillo

2 TRO order, “[t]he law is clear”:

3

[T]he Government cannot put a civil detainee into a dangerous situation, especially where that dangerous situation was created by the

4

Government. The Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment

5

prohibits the Government from exposing an individual to a danger which he would not have otherwise faced. A civil detainee’s

6

constitutional rights are violated if a condition of his confinement

7

places him at substantial risk of suffering serious harm, such as the harm caused by a pandemic.

8 Castillo TRO, at *6 (internal citations omitted). After carefully surveying the

9 conditions at Adelanto, this Court held that “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil

10 detainee cannot be subject to the current conditions of confinement at [the facility].”

11 Id. at *5. Relying on this holding, this Court has subsequently granted release to 12 more than two dozen additional detained individuals—recognizing the continuing 13 inadequacy of the conditions of confinement at Adelanto.

14

In its TRO orders, this Court noted at least four specific conditions that made

15 detainees at Adelanto vulnerable to COVID-19: (1) detainees were not kept “at least

16 6 feet apart from others at all times”; (2) they lived in “sleeping rooms housing four

17 or six detainees with shared sinks, toilets and showers”; (3) they had “meal times”

18 where they “line[d] up together, sometimes only inches apart, in the cafeteria”; and

19 (4) they were forced to interact with potentially infected guards who “regularly rotate

20 through the various holding areas several times a day” without protective equipment.

21 Castillo TRO, at *2; Fraihat TRO at *11, *4–5. None of these conditions have been 22 remedied, and Plaintiff is still subject to them. Plaintiff’s continued detention is

23 necessarily unlawful.

24

2. Defendants’ COVID-19 Response Subjects Plaintiff to

25

Punitive Conditions in Violation of the Fifth Amendment

26

The conditions of Plaintiff’s detention during the COVID-19 pandemic also

27 constitute impermissible punishment in violation of the Fifth Amendment’s Due

28 Process Clause. Plaintiff is a civil detainee, and as such is entitled to “more

10

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 17 of 22 Page ID #:80

1 considerate treatment” and may not be subjected to punitive conditions. See Jones

2 v. Blanas, 393 F.3d 918, 931 (9th Cir. 2004) (citing Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S.

3 307, 321–22 (1982)); cf. Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 536–37 (1979) (holding that

4 pretrial detainees may be held in custody “so long as those conditions and

5 restrictions [of confinement] do not amount to punishment”).

6

To establish a violation of the Fifth Amendment under this doctrine, plaintiffs

7 need not show that Respondents intended to subject them to punishment. See Pierce

8 v. Cty. of Orange, 526 F.3d 1190, 1205 (9th Cir. 2008). Rather, a rebuttable

9 presumption of punitiveness arises in two circumstances: (1) “where the individual

10 is detained under conditions identical to, similar to, or more restrictive than those

11 under which pretrial criminal detainees are held,” Jones, 393 F.3d at 934, or (2)

12 where those conditions “are employed to achieve objectives that could be

13 accomplished in so many alternative and less harsh methods,” id. at 932. If plaintiffs

14 establish one of these presumptions, “the burden shifts to the defendant to show (1)

15 legitimate, non-punitive interests justifying the conditions of [the detained person’s]

16 confinement and (2) that the restrictions imposed . . . [are] not excessive in relation

17 to these interests.” King v. County of Los Angeles, 885 F.3d 548, 557 (9th Cir. 2018)

18 (internal quotation marks omitted).

19

Here, Plaintiff is likely to establish that Defendants violated—and continue to

20 violate—Plaintiff’s constitutional rights. First, by systemically failing to implement

21 the only known effective practice to reduce the risk of contracting COVID-19—

22 effective social distancing—Defendants subjects Plaintiff to conditions that are

23 “more restrictive than those under which pretrial criminal detainees are held.” See

24 Jones, 393 F.3d at 934. Indeed, throughout the country, jails and prisons have

25 released hundreds of criminal detainees for this reason.10 In sharp contrast, the

26 10 See, e.g., US Jails Begin Releasing Prisoners to Stem COVID-19 Infections, 27 BBC News (Mar. 19, 2020), https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-
51947802; Salvador Hernandez, Los Angeles is Releasing Inmates Early and 28 Arresting Fewer People Over Fears of the Coronavirus in Jails, Buzzfeed News

11

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 18 of 22 Page ID #:81

1 limited measures in place at Adelanto all but assure a COVID-19 outbreak will one

2 day occur, and ICE has not sought to release any detainees at Adelanto based on the

3 threat of COVID-19 transmission.

4

Second, Plaintiff also satisfies Jones’s alternative test for establishing

5 unconstitutionally punitive conditions, because the “restrictions [imposed during the

6 COVID-19 outbreak] are ‘employed to achieve objectives that could be

7 accomplished in so many alternative and less harsh methods.’” See Torres v. U.S.

8 Dep’t of Homeland Sec., 411 F. Supp. 3d 1036, 1065 (C.D. Cal. 2019) (quoting

9 Jones, 393 F.3d at 932). As this Court explained in Castillo, “[t]he risk that” those

10 released from Adelanto “will flee, given the current global pandemic, is very low,

11 and reasonable conditions can be fashioned to ensure their future appearance at

12 deportation proceedings.” Castillo, 2020 WL 1502854, at *5.

13

ICE has a range of highly effective tools at its disposal to ensure that

14 individuals report for court hearings and other appointments, including conditions

15 of supervision. See Thaker v. Doll, Case No. 20-cv-00480, *20–*21 (M.D. Pa. Mar.

16

(Mar. 16, 2020, 4:39 PM),

17 18

https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/salvadorhernandez/los-angelescoronavirusc1ino9mr,o2ant0ea2sv0-ie)r,aurhsl-tytpp-rrsoe:ln/e/enaysinepm;oJsautt.lecisoamfMr/o2am0rs2Rh0i&/k0e3rB/s1ea9ns/nFeyeacur-eltyroh-aerserdlteo,adNsaeYy-C4, 0Nt-oecwroerloYenaoasrvkeir4Pu0ossptro(Mnea-r.

19 inmates-from-rikers-as-early-as-today/; Ryan Autullo, Travis County Judges

20 21

RPMele),ahsitntpgsI:/n/mwawtwes.sttoatLeismmiat nC.cooromn/anveiwruss/2S0p2r0e0a3d1, 6S/ttaratevsims-acnou(nMtya-rj.u1d6g,e2s-0r2e0le,a6s:i1n2giRhntetmpdsua:tc/e/esw-Vtwouw-llni.emcrbiastb-8cl.eocorJomani/alavPritoricuplsue-l/sanpteriweoansd,/h;CeSBaalSnthDN/cieoewrgoson8a&v(MiSrhuaesr/r.si2affn1t-,od2iR0ee2gl0oe,-ad1sa1e-:sI3hn3emrAiafMtfe-st)o,t-o

22 release-inmates-to-reduce-vulnerable-jail-population/509-75730ca5-445a-4811-

9024-6aeb1d9c2777; Letter from Mike McGrath, Chief Just., Sup. Ct. of Mont., to

23

Mont. Dist. Ct. Judges (Mar. 20, 2020), https://courts.mt.gov/Portals/189/virus/Ltr%20to%20COLJ%20Judges%20re%20C

24

OVID-19%20032020.pdf?ver=2020-03-20-115517-333; Ryan Deto & Ollie Gratzinger, Allegheny County Jail plans to release some medically vulnerable

25 inmates, but advocacy groups say it's not enough, Pittsburgh City Paper (Mar. 19,

2020), https://www.pghcitypaper.com/pittsburgh/allegheny-county-jail-plans-to-

26 27

releasesome-medically-vulnerable-inmates-but-advocacy-groups-say-itsVhntouttplensne:o/r/uawgbwhlew/”C.ontonbtcCecnohtri?ocoanigadov=.i1crou6ms9,7/N8n5eBw8C2s;/ClCohcoiacolak/gcCoooo(kuMcnoatyru.nJ1aty7il-,2jRa0ie2ll-0er)ea,lseeassDese-tdaeitnaeinesee“sH- ighly

28 highly-vulnerable-to-coronavirus/2238813/.

12

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 19 of 22 Page ID #:82

1 31, 2020) (noting “that ICE has a plethora of means other than physical detention at

2 their disposal by which they may monitor civil detainees and ensure that they are

3 present at removal proceedings, including remote monitoring and remote check-

4 ins”); Decl. of Andrew Lorenzen-Strait in Supp. of Mot. for TRO ¶ 15, Robles

5 Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS (C.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020), ECF

6 No. 22 (noting that a “government-contracted evaluation of [ICE’s Intensive

7 Supervision Appearance Program11] reported a 99% attendance rate at all

8 immigration court hearings and a 95% attendance rate at final hearings”). For

9 example, ICE’s conditional supervision program, called ISAP (Intensive

10 Supervision Appearance Program), “relies on the use of electronic ankle monitors,

11 biometric voice recognition software, unannounced home visits, employer

12 verification, and in-person reporting to supervise participants to ensure supervision.”

13 Id. at 19. That program is so effective that a “government-contracted evaluation of

14 this program reported a 99% attendance rate at all immigration court hearings.” Id.

15 Under the circumstances, there is no reasonable basis to continue Plaintiff’s

16 confinement during the height of the pandemic.

17

3. The Court Has Authority to Order Plaintiff’s Release

18

As this Court recognized in Castillo, Plaintiffs’ immediate release is within

19 this Court’s power. “Federal courts possess whatever powers are necessary to

20 remedy constitutional violations because they are charged with protecting these 21 rights.” Stone v. City & Cty. of San Francisco, 968 F.2d 850, 861 (9th Cir. 1992).

22 As a result, “[w]hen necessary to ensure compliance with a constitutional mandate,

23 courts may enter orders placing limits on a prison’s population.” Brown v. Plata, 24 563 U.S. 493, 511 (2011). This falls within the Court’s broad power to fashion

25

26 11 The Intensive Supervision Appearance Program, or ISAP, “relies on the use of electronic ankle monitors, biometric voice recognition software, unannounced
27 home visits, employer verification, and in-person reporting to supervise participants.” Decl. of Andrew Lorenzen-Strait in Supp. of Mot. for TRO ¶ 15,
28 Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS (C.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020), ECF No. 22.

13

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 20 of 22 Page ID #:83

1 equitable remedies to address constitutional violations in government confinement.

2 Hutto, 437 U.S. at 687 n.9. Moreover, as this Court has explained, “[t]he risk that

3 [Plaintiffs], here, will flee, given the current global pandemic, is very low, and

4 reasonable conditions can be fashioned to ensure their future appearance at

5 deportation proceedings.” Castillo TRO, at *5. It will be safer for everyone –

6 Plaintiff, Adelanto detainees and staff, and the surrounding community – if Plaintiff

7 is released.

8

B. Plaintiff Satisfies the Remaining Factors for a Temporary Restraining Order

9

1. Exposure to a Lethal Virus Which Lacks Any Vaccine,

10

Treatment, or Cure Constitutes Irreparable Harm

11

As this Court explained in Castillo and Fraihat, “[i]t is well established that

12 the deprivation of constitutional rights unquestionably constitutes irreparable

13 injury.” Castillo TRO, at *6 (citing Hernandez v. Sessions, 872 F.3d 976, 994 (9th

14 Cir. 2017)), Fraihat TRO at *11 (citing same). That alone satisfies this factor.

15

Moreover, the Ninth Circuit recently recognized that dangerous and unsafe

16 conditions of detention, such as those Plaintiff faces, also constitute irreparable harm

17 supporting injunctive relief. Padilla v. U.S. Immigration & Customs Enforcement,

18 No. 19-35565, 2020 WL 1482393, at *9 (9th Cir. Mar. 27, 2020) (recognizing that

19 “substandard physical conditions, [and] low standards of medical care” in

20 immigration detention constitute irreparable harm justifying injunctive relief). And

21 the Ninth Circuit has also recognized that there is irreparable harm where

22 government actions threaten to worsen an individual’s health. See M.R. v. Dreyfus,

23 663 F.3d 1100, 1111 (9th Cir. 2011), as amended by 697 F.3d 706 (9th Cir 2012).

24 Each of these reasons supports immediate relief here. The fatality rate for people

25 infected with COVID-19 is estimated to be more than thirty times higher than the

26 seasonal flu.12 For those who survive, infection can permanently damage the lungs

27 12 Jo Craven McGinty, Why Doesn’t Flu Tank Economy Like Covid-19?, Wall 28 Street Journal (Apr. 10, 2020), https://www.wsj.com/articles/why-doesnt-flu-tank-
economy-like-covid-19-11586511000.

14

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 21 of 22 Page ID #:84

1 and other major organs. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 22. Once COVID-19 is introduced into a

2 congregate environment like a detention center, it spreads “like wildfire.” Greifinger

3 Decl. ¶ 13; Schneberk Decl. ¶ 42. And the risk is getting closer. Experts have

4 concluded that “[e]ach day we wait to act increases the danger of serious illness or

5 death due to COVID-19 for not only detainees and staff at Adelanto, but for millions

6 of Southern Californians.” Schneberk Decl. ¶ 43; see Greifinger Decl. ¶¶ 19, 23.

7 There is no serious dispute the irreparable harm factor is satisfied.

8

2. The Public Interest and Balance of Equities Weigh Heavily in Plaintiff’s Favor

9

Here, as in the cases where this Court has already granted relief, “[t]he balance

10 of the equities tip sharply in favor” of Plaintiff. Castillo TRO, at *6, Fraihat TRO

11 at *11. While plaintiffs “face irreparable harm to their constitutional rights and

12 health,” “there is no harm to the Government when a court prevents the Government 13 from engaging in unlawful practices.” Castillo TRO, at *6, Fraihat TRO at *11. 14 Indeed, “[f]aced with . . . preventable human suffering, [the Ninth Circuit] ha[s] little

15 difficulty concluding that the balance of hardships tips decidedly in plaintiffs’ 16 favor.” Hernandez, 872 F.3d at 996 (quoting Lopez v. Heckler, 713 F.2d 1432, 1437 17 (9th Cir. 1983)).

18

Moreover, it is in both the Defendants’ and the broader public interest to

19 reduce the threat of an imminent COVID-19 outbreak at Adelanto. ICE has an

20 interest in preventing any potential spread of COVID-19 in its detention facility,

21 which may then affect guards, visitors, attorneys, and others who may potentially 22 interact with detainees. And an outbreak of COVID-19 at Adelanto would doubtless 23 put significant pressure on or exceed the capacity of local health infrastructure.

24 Greifinger Decl. ¶ 14; see Schneberk Decl. ¶ 26. As this Court succinctly explained:

25

The public has a critical interest in preventing the further spread of the

26

coronavirus. An outbreak at Adelanto would, further, endanger all of us

27

– Adelanto detainees, Adelanto employees, residents of San Bernardino County, residents of the State of California, and our nation as a whole.

28 Castillo TRO, at *6.

15

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 6-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 22 of 22 Page ID #:85

1

Thus, Plaintiff’s release would not only impose minimal harm to the

2 government, it would also reduce the healthcare and economic burden on the local

3 community and health infrastructure at large.

4 V. CONCLUSION

5

The Court should grant Plaintiff’s motion for a temporary restraining and

6 direct Plaintiffs’ immediate release from Adelanto.

7

8 Dated: April 13, 2020

Respectfully submitted,

9

10

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

11

/s/ Amanda Barnett

12

AMANDA BARNETT Counsel for Plaintiffs

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

16

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7 Filed 04/13/20 Page 1 of 2 Page ID #:92

SAMIR DEGER-SEN*

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM

1

samir.deger-sen@lw.com WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN*

(SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org

2

william.friedman@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575)

3

555 Eleventh Street, NW Suite 1000

mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL

4

Washington, D.C. 20004-1304 Tel: 202.637.2200

(SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org

5 Fax: 202.637.2201

MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939)

6

AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046) amanda.barnett@lw.com

mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern

7

JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794) jessie.cammack@lw.com

California 1313 West 8th Street

8

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100

Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

9

Los Angeles, California 90071-1560 Tel: 213.485.1234

10 Fax: 213.891.8763

11

Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

12

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

14

15

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO

16 CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

) )

ADELANTO COVID

17

ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) )

KELVIN HERNANDEZ

) ROMAN’S EX PARTE

18 19 v.

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

) ) )

APPLICATION FOR TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER

)

20

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security;

) )

21

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing

) )

22 the Duties of the Director, U.S.

)

Immigration and Customs Enforcement; )

23

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and

) )

24

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES

) )

25 JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE

)

Processing Center,

)

26

) Respondents-Defendants. )

27

)

28

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7 Filed 04/13/20 Page 2 of 2 Page ID #:93

1

Pursuant to Rule 65(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and Local

2 Rule 65-1, Plaintiff-Petitioner Kelvin Hernandez Roman hereby moves this court

3 for emergency relief in the form of a temporary restraining order directing that he

4 be immediately released from his current confinement at the Adelanto ICE

5 Processing Center, under appropriate conditions as may be deemed necessary by

6 the Court, in light of the serious risks to his health and safety posed by the current

7 COVID-19 pandemic. This Application is supported by the accompanying

8 Memorandum of Points and Authorities, Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus and

9 Complaint for Injunctive and Declaratory Relief, and by Declarations and Exhibits

10 filed contemporaneously.

11

On April 13, at 10:13 am, counsel for Plaintiffs emailed Assistant United

12 States Attorney Joanne Osinoff to advise of this Ex Parte Application for

13 Temporary Restraining Order. Ms. Osinoff informed counsel for Plaintiffs that the

14 United States Attorney’s Office intends to oppose this application.

15

16

Respectfully submitted,

17 18 Dated: April 13, 2020 19

A/s/MAAmNanDdAa BBaArRneNttETT Counsel for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28 1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 1 of 22 Page ID #:94

1 SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com
2 WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com
3 LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW
4 Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304
5 Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201
6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)
7 amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)
8 jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
9 355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560
10 Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763
11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners
12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 17

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

) )

ADELANTO COVID

) )

PLAINTIFF KELVIN

18

) HERNANDEZ ROMAN’S

19 20

Petitioners-Plaintiffs, v. CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S.

) ) ) ) )

MEMORANDUM OF POINTS AND AUTHORITIES IN SUPPORT OF MOTION FOR TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER

21 Department of Homeland Security;

)

22

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing

) )

23

the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement;

) )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

24 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

25

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES

) )

26

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

) )

)

27

Respondents-Defendants. )

28

)

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 2 of 22 Page ID #:95

1 2 3 I. 4 II. 5 6 7 8 9 III. 10 IV. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 V. 23 24 25 26 27 28

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page
INTRODUCTION........................................................................................... 1 FACTS............................................................................................................. 2 A. COVID-19 Poses Grave Risk Of Harm To Plaintiff ............................ 2 B. Plaintiff Kelvin Hernandez Roman Faces an Imminent
and Substantial Risk of Contracting COVID-19 in Adelanto ................................................................................................ 3 C. Plaintiff Hernandez Roman................................................................... 6 LEGAL STANDARD ..................................................................................... 7 ARGUMENT .................................................................................................. 8 A. Plaintiff is Likely to Succeed on the Merits ......................................... 8 1. Plaintiff’s Continued Detention at Adelanto
Violates The Fifth Amendment Right to Reasonable Safety in Government Custody ............................... 8 2. Defendants’ COVID-19 response Subjects Plaintiff to Punitive Conditions in Violation of the Fifth Amendment............................................................................... 10 3. The Court Has Authority to Order Plaintiff’s Release ...................................................................................... 13 B. Plaintiff Satisfies the Remaining Factors for a Temporary Restraining Order ................................................................................ 14 1. Exposure to a Lethal Virus Which Lacks Any Vaccine, Treatment, or Cure Constitutes Irreparable Harm....................................................................... 14 2. The Public Interest and Balance of Equities Weigh Heavily in Plaintiff’s Favor ...................................................... 15 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................. 16

ii

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 3 of 22 Page ID #:96

1

TABLE OF AUTHORITIES

2

Page(s)

3 CASES
4

5

All. for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 632 F.3d 1127 (9th Cir. 2011) .............................................................................. 7

6 Bell v. Wolfish,
7 441 U.S. 520 (1979) ........................................................................................... 10

8 Brown v. Plata, 9 563 U.S. 493 (2011) ....................................................................................... 9, 13

10 Castillo v. Barr,

11 No. CV 20-00605 TJH, 2020 WL 1502864 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 27,

12

2020) ............................................................................................................ passim

13

DeGidio v. Pung, 920 F.2d 525 (8th Cir. 1990) ................................................................................ 9

14

15

DeShaney v. Winnebago Cty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 489 U.S. 189 (1989) ............................................................................................. 8

16 Gordon v. Cty. of Orange, 17 888 F.3d 1118 (9th Cir. 2018).............................................................................. 9

18 Helling v. McKinney, 19 509 U.S. 25 (1993) ............................................................................................... 9

20 Hernandez v. City of San Jose, 21 897 F.3d 1125 (9th Cir. 2018).............................................................................. 8

22 Hernandez v. County of Monterey,

23

305 F.R.D. 132 (N.D. Cal. 2015) ......................................................................... 9

24

Hernandez v. Sessions, 872 F.3d 976 (9th Cir. 2017) ........................................................................ 14, 15

25

26

Hutto v. Finney, 437 U.S. 678 (1978) ....................................................................................... 9, 13

27 Jones v. Blanas, 28 393 F.3d 918 (9th Cir. 2004) .................................................................. 10, 11, 12

iii

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 4 of 22 Page ID #:97

1 King v. County of Los Angeles, 2 885 F.3d 548 (9th Cir. 2018) .............................................................................. 11

3 Lopez v. Heckler,

4

713 F.2d 1432 (9th Cir. 1983) ............................................................................ 15

5 M.R. v. Dreyfus, 663 F.3d 1100 (9th Cir. 2011), as amended by 697 F.3d 706 (9th
6 Cir 2012)............................................................................................................. 14

7 Padilla v. U.S. Immigration & Customs Enforcement, 8 No. 19-35565, 2020 WL 1482393 (9th Cir. Mar. 27, 2020).............................. 14

9 Pierce v. Cty. of Orange, 10 526 F.3d 1190 (9th Cir. 2008)............................................................................ 11

11 Pimentel v. Dreyfus,

12

670 F.3d 1096 (9th Cir. 2012) .............................................................................. 7

13 Stone v. City & Cty. of San Francisco,

14

968 F.2d 850 (9th Cir. 1992) .............................................................................. 13

15

Stuhlbarg Int’l Sales Co. v. John D. Brush & Co., 240 F.3d 832 (9th Cir. 2001) ................................................................................ 7

16

17

Torres v. U.S. Dep’t of Homeland Sec., 411 F. Supp. 3d 1036 (C.D. Cal. 2019).............................................................. 12

18 Winter v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 19 555 U.S. 7 (2008) ................................................................................................. 7

20 Youngberg v. Romeo, 21 457 U.S. 307 (1982) ....................................................................................... 8, 10

22

OTHER AUTHORITIES

23 Chris Mooney, Brady Dennis and Sarah Kaplan, Hundreds of young

24 Americans have now been killed by the coronavirus, data shows,

25

Washington Post (Apr. 8, 2020), https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/04/08/young-

26 people-coronavirus-deaths/................................................................................... 2

27

28

iv

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 5 of 22 Page ID #:98

1 Cook County Jail Releases Detainees “Highly Vulnerable” to 2 Coronavirus, NBC Chicago (Mar. 17,2020),
https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/cookcounty-jail-releases3 detainees-highly-vulnerable-to-coronavirus/2238813/ ...................................... 12

4 Jo Craven McGinty, Why Doesn’t Flu Tank Economy Like Covid-19?,

5 Wall Street Journal (Apr. 10, 2020),

6

https://www.wsj.com/articles/why-doesnt-flu-tank-economy-likecovid-19-11586511000....................................................................................... 14

7

8

Julia Marsh & Ben Feuerherd, NYC to release 40 coronavirus-prone inmates from Rikers as early as today, New York Post (Mar. 19,

9 2020), https://nypost.com/2020/03/19/nyc-to-release-40coronavirusprone- inmates-from-rikers-as-early-as-today/ ............................... 11
10

11

Kate Morissey, Detainees at Otay Mesa Detention Centers were offered masks, but only if they signed contracts, San Diego Tribune

12 (Apr. 10, 2020),

13

https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/immigration/story/20 20-04-10/otay-mesa-detention-center-gets-masks-but-asks-

14 detainees-to-sign-contract-first............................................................................. 4

15 Letter from Drs. Scott A. Allen & Josiah Rich to Rep. Bennie

16 Thompson, et al. (Mar. 19, 2020), available at

17

https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6816336-032020Letter-From-Drs-Allen-Rich-to-Congress-

18 Re.html#document/p4/a557238; .......................................................................... 3

19 Letter from Mike McGrath, Chief Just., Sup. Ct. of Mont., to Mont.

20

Dist. Ct. Judges (Mar. 20, 2020), https://courts.mt.gov/Portals/189/virus/Ltr%20to%20COLJ%20Jud

21 ges%20re%20COVID-19%20032020.pdf?ver=2020-03-20-

22 115517-333;........................................................................................................ 12

23 Melissa Davey, What is a pandemic and does it change the approach

24

to coronavirus?, The Guardian (Mar. 14, 2020), https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/14/what-is-a-

25 pandemic-coronavirus-covid-19........................................................................... 2

26 Responses to COVID-19 pandemic, Prison Policy Initiative (Apr. 10,

27

2020), https://www.prisonpolicy.org/virus/virusresponse.html#releases ....................... 6

28

v

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 6 of 22 Page ID #:99

1 Ryan Autullo, Travis County Judges Releasing Inmates to Limit 2 Coronavirus Spread, Statesman (Mar. 16, 2020, 6:12 PM),
https://www.statesman.com/news/20200316/travis-county-judges3 releasing-inmates-to-limit-coronavirus-spread .................................................. 12

4 Ryan Deto & Ollie Gratzinger, Allegheny County Jail plans to release

5 some medically vulnerable inmates, but advocacy groups say it’s

6

not enough, Pittsburgh City Paper (Mar. 19, 2020), https://www.pghcitypaper.com/pittsburgh/allegheny-county-jail-

7 plans-to-releasesome-medically-vulnerable-inmates-but-advocacy-

8

groups-say-its-notenough/Content?oid=16978582 ............................................ 12

9 Salvador Hernandez, Los Angeles is Releasing Inmates Early and

10

Arresting Fewer People Over Fears of the Coronavirus in Jails, Buzzfeed News (Mar. 16, 2020, 4:39 PM),

11 https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/salvadorhernandez/losangelescoronavirus- inmates-early-release......................................................... 11
12

13

San Diego & Sheriff to Release Inmates to Reduce Vulnerable Jail Population, CBS News 8 (Mar. 21, 2020, 11:33 AM),

14 https://www.cbs8.com/article/news/health/coronavirus/san-diego-

15

da-sheriff-to-release-inmates-to-reduce-vulnerable-jailpopulation/509-75730ca5-445a-4811-9024-6aeb1d9c2777 .............................. 12

16

17

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Confirmed Cases, ICE Guidance on COVID-19 (last updated Apr. 10, 2020, 5:35 p.m.),

18 https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus.......................................................................... 4

19 US Jails Begin Releasing Prisoners to Stem COVID-19 Infections,

20

BBC News (Mar. 19, 2020), https://www.bbc.com/news/world-uscanada-51947802................................................................................................ 11

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

vi

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 7 of 22 Page ID #:100

1 I. INTRODUCTION

2

Petitioner-Plaintiff Kelvin Hernandez Roman (“Plaintiff”) is a civil detainee

3 in the Adelanto ICE Processing Center (“Adelanto”). Plaintiff is a class

4 representative of the Proposed Class seeking a preliminary injunction. While the

5 motion for preliminary class-wide relief is pending, Plaintiff seeks a temporary

6 restraining order granting his release from Adelanto.

7

This Court has recognized the gravity of the threat posed by continued

8 detention at Adelanto and held that “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil detainee

9 cannot be subject to the current conditions of confinement at Adelanto.” Castillo v.

10 Barr, No. CV 20-00605 TJH, 2020 WL 1502864 (“Castillo TRO”), at *5 (C.D. Cal.

11 Mar. 27, 2020). Accordingly, the Court has issued temporary restraining orders and

12 released at least two dozen individuals and placed them under appropriate conditions

13 of confinement outside of Adelanto.1

14

15

1 See, e.g., Castillo v. Barr (“Castillo TRO”), No. CV 20-00605 TJH (AFMx), 2020 WL 1502864, at *11 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 27, 2020) (ordering two detainees

16

released); TRO and Order No. ED-CV2000590-TJH

(tCo .SDh.oCwalC. aMusaer.a3t01,22,0F2r0a)ih(oartdve.rWingolaf

(d“eFtarianieheatreTlReaOse”d),);

17

TRO and Order to Show Cause at 14, Hernandez v. Wolf (“Hernandez TRO”), Case No. EDCV 20-00617 TJH (KSx) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 1, 2020), ECF No. 17; TRO

18

and Order to Show (SHKx) (C.D. Cal.

ACapur.se2,a2t 022, 0S)u, dEnCeFy

vN. oW. o1l2f,;

Case TRO

No. and

EDCV 20-00626 TJH Order to Show Cause

at

19

22,0M20u)n, oEzCvF.

WNoo.lf1, 4C; aRsoebNleos.

EDCV 20-00625 TJH (SHKx) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 2, Rodriguez v. Wolf, No. 5:20-CV-00527 (C.D. Cal.

Apr.

20

3, 2020) ECF Nos. 35-39, 42-43 (granting temporary restraining orders on behalf of six Adelanto detainees); TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Perez Cruz v.

21

BanadrrO, CrdaesretoNSo.hEowDCCVau2s0e-a0t026,6S8inTgJhHv(.CB.Dar.rC, Cala.sAe pNr.o3. ,E2D0C20V),2E0C-0F06N5o3.

8; TRO TJH

22

(C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 11; TRO and v. Marin, Case No. EDCV 20-00646 TJH (C.D.

Order to Show Cause at Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF

N2,oN. 1g0u;yen

23

TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Bogle v. Barr, Case No. EDCV 20-00650 TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 12; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Eyere v.

24

WTRoOlf,

Case No. 5:20-cv-00700-TJH-MAA (C.D. and Order to Show Cause, Yanez Montoya

Cal. Apr. 9, 2020), ECF No. 17; v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00713

25

(TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 10, 2020), ECF No. 11; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Hernandez Arevalo v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00712 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 10,

26

2020), ECF No. 14; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Zendejas Lopez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00702 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 8, 2020), ECF No. 12; TRO and Order to

27 S20h2o0w),CEaCuFseN, Mo.o1r3en. o v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00718 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 9,

28

1
|| US-DOCS\115301777.4

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 8 of 22 Page ID #:101

1

Plaintiff is similarly situated to these other Adelanto detainees. He also suffers

2 from asthma, making him at particular risk if he contracts COVID-19. The Court

3 should grant Plaintiff’s release pending the determination of the class-wide

4 preliminary injunction.

5 II. FACTS2

6

A. COVID-19 Poses Grave Risk Of Harm To Plaintiff

7

COVID-19 is a deadly pandemic. In the short time since the first cases

8 emerged in Wuhan, China, late last year, COVID-19 has spread around the globe at

9 breakneck speed. Because humans have never been exposed to this virus, they have

10 not developed any immunities or protective responses, and thus everyone is at risk

11 of infection.3 In fact, although certain characteristics such as advanced age or

12 underlying health conditions exacerbate the risk of death or serious illness from

13 COVID-19, early CDC data shows nearly 40% of COVID-19 patients hospitalized

14 in the U.S. have been between the ages of 18 and 54. Decl. of Dr. Todd Schneberk

15 in Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Schneberk Decl.”) ¶¶ 14, 16. In New York,

16 approximately one-third of the patients between the ages of 30 and 39 who died from

17 COVID-19 did not appear to have any risk factors, Schneberk Decl. ¶ 17, and

18 physicians treating COVID-19 have noted the “randomness” with regard to which

19 young people are unable to survive contraction of the illness.4

20

There is no vaccine, antiviral treatment, or cure for COVID-19. The disease

21 is believed to spread through “droplets” that can be transmitted during close

22

23 2 Plaintiff incorporates by reference the factual background discussed in the accompanying Memorandum in Support of Plaintiffs’ Motion for a Preliminary
24 Injunction.

25

3 See Melissa Davey, What is a pandemic and does it change the approach to coronavirus?, The Guardian (Mar. 14, 2020),

26

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/14/what-is-a-pandemiccoronavirus-covid-19.

27 4 Chris Mooney, Brady Dennis and Sarah Kaplan, Hundreds of young Americans have now been killed by the coronavirus, data shows, Washington Post (Apr. 8,
28 2020), https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/04/08/young-peoplecoronavirus-deaths/.

2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 9 of 22 Page ID #:102

1 interpersonal contact of about six feet. Decl. of Dr. Robert B. Greifinger in Supp. of

2 Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Greifinger Decl.”) ¶ 5; Schneberk Decl. ¶¶ 7–8. And

3 evidence shows individuals infected with COVID-19 can transmit it to others even

4 if they have no symptoms. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 9. Because of its highly contagious

5 nature, the only known effective measure to reduce the risk of injury or death from

6 COVID-19 is to prevent people from being infected in the first place. Greifinger

7 Decl. ¶ 4. In the absence of a comprehensive testing regime, “social distancing,” or

8 maintaining six feet of separation at all times from other people, is the only effective

9 means of stopping the spread of the disease in the long run. Greifinger Decl. ¶ 4;

10 Schneberk Decl. ¶ 39.

11

B. Plaintiff Kelvin Hernandez Roman Faces an Imminent and

12

Substantial Risk of Contracting COVID-19 in Adelanto

13

Dr. Greifinger explains that “[j]ails and detention centers are congregate

14 environments where the risk of infection and infectious spread is extremely high.”

15 Greifinger Decl. ¶ 12. At Adelanto, as in other similar environments, there is a

16 heightened risk of infection due to the lack of adequate hygiene and the inability of

17 detainees to practice social distancing. Id. ¶¶ 13–15; see also Schneberk Decl. ¶ 38

18 (“Because of the structure and conditions at Adelanto, detainees face a dramatically

19 reduced ability to protect themselves by social distancing than they would in the

20 community, and therefore face a significantly higher risk of being exposed to and

21 infected by contagious diseases like COVID-19.”). Defendants’ own medical subject

22 matter experts have recognized that conditions like those present currently at

23 Adelanto amount to a “tinderbox scenario” for the rapid spread of COVID-19. See

24 Letter from Drs. Scott A. Allen & Josiah Rich to Rep. Bennie Thompson, et al. (Mar.

25 19, 2020), available at https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6816336-

26 032020-Letter-From-Drs-Allen-Rich-to-Congress-Re.html#document/p4/a557238;

27 see also Schneberk Decl. ¶¶ 23–35; Greifinger Decl. ¶¶ 12–18.

28

Similar conditions have led to disastrous results in other congregate facilities.

3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 10 of 22 Page ID #:103

1 In three weeks across March and April, the jail at Rikers Island in New York jumped

2 from no cases among inmates to 273 cases, a higher rate of infection than in the most

3 infected places in the world; four corrections staff members and one inmate have

4 died. Suppl. Greifinger Decl. ¶ 13. The Cook County Jail has likewise seen an

5 alarming rise in cases: the Jail went from two confirmed inmate cases on March 23,

6 2020, to 234 confirmed inmate cases on April 7, 2020; one inmate has died. Id ¶ 14.

7 As of April 13, 2020, there were at least 72 confirmed cases among detainees in ICE

8 custody, including twelve at the Otay Mesa Detention Center in San Diego.5

9 According to detainees and their lawyers, officials at Otay Mesa initially refused to

10 give masks to detainees unless they signed a waiver releasing the prison contractor

11 from liability.6

12

Dr. Greifinger details the numerous ways in which ICE’s response to the

13 significant challenge of dealing with a pandemic in a detention setting has been

14 “wholly inadequate.” Greifinger Decl. ¶¶ 17–24. The descriptions of other class

15 members and individuals recently released from Adelanto confirm ICE’s utter

16 failure to protect those who are detained there. Despite the crowded, communal

17 facilities, detainees have no access to masks. See Decl. of Paola Rayon Vite in Supp.

18 of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Rayon Vite Decl.”) ¶ 13; Decl. of Luis Lopez Salgado in

19 Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Lopez Salgado Decl.”) ¶¶ 20, 21; Decl. of

20 Charleston Edward Dacoff in Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Dacoff Decl.”) ¶¶

21 28, 29; Decl. of Ruth Calvillo in Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Calvillo Decl.”)

22 ¶¶ 20, 22.7 Guards and medical staff generally do not wear masks, though they

23 5 U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Confirmed Cases, ICE Guidance on

24 COVID-19 (last updated Apr. 13, 2020, 11:43 a.m.),

https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus (click on “Confirmed Cases”).

25 6 Kate Morissey, Detainees at Otay Mesa Detention Centers were offered masks,

26

but only if they signed contracts, San Diego Tribune (Apr. 10, 2020), https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/immigration/story/2020-04-10/otay-

27

mesa-detention-center-gets-masks-but-asks-detainees-to-sign-contract-first. 7 ICE has placed severe restrictions on attorneys’ ability to access their clients at

28 Adelanto, including limitations on in-person visits unless attorneys bring their own

4

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 11 of 22 Page ID #:104

1 frequently stand in close proximity to detained individuals. See Calvillo Decl. ¶¶ 13,

2 20–21; Lopez Salgado Decl. ¶ 19; Rayon Vite Decl. ¶ 13; see also Schneberk Decl.

3 ¶ 29. Staff arrive and leave on a shift basis, and new detainees continue to arrive at

4 the facility, but there is no attempt to test staff or detainees for asymptomatic

5 infection. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 29; Greifinger Decl. ¶ 22; Dacoff Decl. ¶ 32; see also

6 Valdez Decl. ¶ 14. Even detainees who are experiencing symptoms of COVID-19,

7 such as fever and cough, are not tested. Declaration of Jose Hernandez Velasquez

8 (“Hernandez Velasquez Decl.”) ¶ 18; accord Rayon Vite Decl. ¶¶ 18–19; Dacoff

9 Decl. ¶ 32.

10

Plaintiff’s experience has been no different. Plaintiff has not been able to

11 practice social distancing because there is not enough space in his cell. Decl. of Lesly

12 Gaona (“Gaona Decl.”) ¶ 15. Moreover, all detainees, including Plaintiff, share

13 toilets, sinks, and showers with others in their dormitories and pods, without

14 disinfection after each use. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 28; Rayon Vite Decl. ¶¶ 9–11; Lopez

15 Salgado Decl. ¶¶ 11–14; Dacoff Decl. ¶¶ 8–13; Robles Rodriguez Decl. ¶¶ 9–11.

16 Showers are typically crowded with people and placed so closely together that, when

17 standing in one shower stall, “you could reach out your hand and press the button

18 for the shower adjacent to yours.” Dacoff Decl. ¶¶ 14; 18. Again, in the opinions of

19 Plaintiffs’ medical experts, it is not possible “to achieve adequate social distancing

20 21

pMDekortst.oioNnnaolf.op1rr2oT7t-Re1cOt(idvaeets1ecq0riu-b1iip7nm,gTeconurtr,rrewesnhvti.cliNhmiiiestlasotebionv,niosCuoassnleyaNtitnoorv.ne1er8yy--cscvhl-ioe0rn2tt6sc0uo2pmp(lCmy..uDSn.eicCeaatli)o,n at

22 Adelanto and seeking emergency relief to ensure detainees maintain basic access to

counsel during the COVID-19 pandemic); Decl. of Gabriel Valdez (“Valdez

23

Decl.”) ¶ Cal. Apr.

276, ,2R02o0b)le, sERCoFdNriog.u4ez5-v1..WInolafd, dCiatisoenN, IoC.E5:c2u0r-rcevn-t0ly06p2ro7v-TidJeHs-nGoJSef(fCec.Dtiv. e

24

way for attorneys to conduct confidential calls with clients detained at Adelanto. See Mot. for TRO at 10-17, Torres v. Nielson, Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal.

25 Mar. 26, 2020), ECF No. 127-1. A temporary restraining order requiring that the

government take steps to improve access to counsel at Adelanto was granted on

26

A20p2r0il),1E1,C2F02N0o..T1o4r4r.esAvs.aNrieeslusoltn, ,aCndasbeeNcaou.s1e8o-fcvth-0e2u6r0g2en(cCy.Do.f

Cal. Apr. 11, the situation,

in

27

lieu of declarations from Plaintiffs-Petitioners themselves, the attorneys representing Plaintiff-Petitioners in their administrative removal proceedings have

28 provided declarations describing the facts of their cases.

5

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 12 of 22 Page ID #:105

1 and hygiene in communal bathroom[s]” unless “people [are] at least six feet apart at

2 all times” and the “facilities [are] thoroughly disinfected after each use”—which is

3 impossible if 72 people are confined to single shower area. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 28;

4 see also Greifinger Decl. ¶ 26.

5

Absent Court intervention, Plaintiff will not be able to practice social

6 distancing while detained in Adelanto. The Government has expressed in numerous

7 filings before this Court that it has no intention of engaging in meaningful social

8 distancing at Adelanto, dismissing such practices as “idealized safety

9 precaution[s].”8 ICE’s practice and attitude is an aberration. Multiple jurisdictions,

10 including Los Angeles, CA, Chicago, IL, Harris County, TX, New York City, and

11 the entire states of New Jersey and Iowa have released thousands of people from

12 criminal custody, acknowledging the grave threat that an outbreak in jails and

13 detention centers poses.9 Other public officials have likewise called for the release

14 of eligible individuals from detention. For example, the former Acting Director of

15 ICE, John Sandweg, has advocated releasing individuals to combat the spread of

16 COVID-19 in detention centers, and has stated “ICE has the operational capacity to

17 quickly and drastically reduce the population of civil immigration detainees.”

18 Motion for TRO Ex. 19, Sandweg Decl. ¶ 9, Thompson v. Tsoukaris, Case No. 1:20-

19 cv-01449-SDG (N.D. Ga. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 4-20.

20

C. Plaintiff Hernandez Roman

21

Kelvin Hernandez Roman is a 31-year old citizen of El Salvador. Decl. of

22 Erika Roman in Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Roman Decl.”) ¶ 8. He has been

23 detained in Adelanto since July 2019. Id. ¶ 6. Mr. Roman has been diagnosed with 24 asthma and prescribed an inhaler. Gaona Decl. ¶ 12. Approximately four times a

25 year he has a severe asthma attack, requiring trips to the emergency room. Id. ¶ 12.

26 8 Reply to Order to Show Cause (“Robles Rodriguez Gov’t Reply”) at 12, Robles

27

Rodriguez v. Wolf, No. 5:20-cv-00627-TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 8, 2020), ECF No. 45. 9 See Responses to COVID-19 pandemic, Prison Policy Initiative (Apr. 10, 2020),

28 https://www.prisonpolicy.org/virus/virusresponse.html#releases (collecting

instances where jails and prisons have released detainees due to COVID-19).

6

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 13 of 22 Page ID #:106

1 He has had trouble getting treatment for his asthma at Adelanto. Id. ¶ 13. Recently,

2 when he woke in the night with trouble breathing, officers refused to take him to a

3 doctor until the next morning. Id. When his inhaler ran out it took about 4-5 days to

4 get a new one. Id. ¶ 14. If Mr. Roman is released, he will live with his U.S. citizen

5 wife and three young children. Id. ¶ 16. He will be able to self-quarantine for 14 days

6 in a separate room, using a separate bathroom. Id.

7

Mr. Hernandez Roman’s criminal history consists of two 2016 convictions for

8 false imprisonment and misdemeanor child endangerment. Roman Decl. ¶ 11. Mr.

9 Hernandez Roman’s wife explains that the convictions arose from an incident in

10 which, following an argument between herself and her husband, he drove her car

11 one block while their daughter and her friend were inside, then parked and

12 immediately brought their daughter and the car keys back to her. Gaona Decl. ¶¶ 3-

13 8. Mr. Hernandez Roman did not hurt or threaten anyone during the incident, for

14 which he served eight days in jail. Id. He has since completed 25 parenting classes

15 and is committed to being a good, responsible father to his children. Roman Decl. ¶

16 13, Exh. B.

17 III. LEGAL STANDARD

18

Plaintiffs are entitled to a temporary restraining order if they show: (1) a

19 likelihood of success on the merits; (2) they are likely to suffer irreparable harm in

20 the absence of relief; (3) the balance of equities tips in their favor; and, (4) an

21 injunction is in the public interest. See Winter v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555

22 U.S. 7, 20 (2008); Stuhlbarg Int’l Sales Co. v. John D. Brush & Co., 240 F.3d 832,

23 839 n.7 (9th Cir. 2001) (noting that preliminary injunction and temporary restraining

24 order standards are “substantially identical”). The Ninth Circuit employs a sliding

25 scale approach, in which a stronger showing of one element may offset a weaker

26 showing of another. See Pimentel v. Dreyfus, 670 F.3d 1096, 1105 (9th Cir. 2012).

27 Thus, a temporary restraining order may issue where “serious questions going to the

28 merits [are] raised and the balance of hardships tips sharply in [plaintiffs’] favor.”

7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 14 of 22 Page ID #:107

1 All. for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 632 F.3d 1127, 1131 (9th Cir. 2011) (citation

2 omitted) (alteration in original). To succeed under the “serious question” test,

3 plaintiffs must show that they are likely to suffer irreparable injury and that an

4 injunction is in the public’s interest. Id. at 1132.

5 IV. ARGUMENT

6

In multiple orders over the past two weeks, this Court has recognized that

7 “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil detainee cannot be subject to the current

8 conditions of confinement at Adelanto.” Castillo TRO, at *5. Those conditions

9 include “sleeping rooms housing four or six detainees with shared sinks, toilets and

10 showers,” potentially infected guards who “regularly rotate through the various

11 holding areas several times a day” without always donning protective equipment,

12 and “meal times” where detainees “line up together, sometimes only inches apart, in

13 the cafeteria.” Castillo TRO at *2, see also Fraihat TRO at 4–5.

14

The conditions within Adelanto are fundamentally unchanged. Plaintiff here

15 is in even greater danger today than the detainees this Court has already released

16 because the spread of COVID-19 in the area—where facility staff commute from

17 daily—has dramatically increased in recent days. Plaintiff is entitled to—and

18 desperately requires—relief for the same reasons as the individuals this Court has

19 already released. The TRO should be granted.

20

A. Plaintiff is Likely to Succeed on the Merits

21

1. Plaintiff’s Continued Detention at Adelanto Violates The Fifth Amendment Right to Reasonable Safety in

22

Government Custody

23

Individuals confined by the government have a right to health and safety. See

24 Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S. 307, 315–16 (1982). “The rationale for this principle

25 is simple enough: when the State by the affirmative exercise of its power so restrains

26 an individual’s liberty that it renders him unable to care for himself, and at the same

27 time fails to provide for his basic human needs—e.g., food, clothing, shelter, medical

28 care, and reasonable safety—it transgresses the substantive limits on state action set

8

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 15 of 22 Page ID #:108

1 by the Eighth Amendment and the Due Process Clause.” DeShaney v. Winnebago

2 Cty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 489 U.S. 189, 200 (1989).

3

Thus, a plaintiff establishes “a due process violation” if the Government

4 “affirmatively placed them in danger,” and “acted with deliberate indifference to a

5 known or obvious danger in subjecting them to that danger.” Hernandez v. City of

6 San Jose, 897 F.3d 1125, 1137 (9th Cir. 2018). A plaintiff need not show that the

7 relevant government officials are “subjectively aware that their [actions are]

8 unreasonable,” only that “a reasonable official in the circumstances would have

9 appreciated the high degree of risk involved.” Gordon v. Cty. of Orange, 888 F.3d

10 1118, 1124–25 (9th Cir. 2018). This standard requires “something akin to reckless

11 disregard.” Id. In systemic cases, such as this, deliberate indifference can be shown

12 by evidence of “systematic or gross deficiencies in staffing, facilities, equipment, or

13 procedures.” Hernandez v. County of Monterey, 305 F.R.D. 132, 152–53, 155 n. 138

14 (N.D. Cal. 2015). The key question in such cases is whether systemic deficiencies

15 “taken as whole” subject people to a “substantial risk of serious harm.” See Brown

16 v. Plata, 563 U.S. 493, 505 n.3 (2011).

17

Furthermore, it is well-settled that a detainee’s constitutional protections

18 extend to “future harm,” including a “condition of confinement that is sure or very

19 likely to cause serious illness and needless suffering the next week or month or year.”

20 Helling v. McKinney, 509 U.S. 25, 33 (1993). Constitutional violations therefore can

21 arise from “the exposure of inmates to a serious, communicable disease” even if “the

22 complaining inmate shows no serious current symptoms” and “even though the

23 possible infection might not affect all those exposed.” Id.; see also Castillo TRO, at

24 *4; Hutto v. Finney, 437 U.S. 678, 682–83, 687 (1978) (risk of exposing inmates to

25 communicable diseases such as hepatitis and venereal disease violates the Eighth

26 Amendment); DeGidio v. Pung, 920 F.2d 525, 526, 533 (8th Cir. 1990) (inadequate

27 screening and control procedures in response to tuberculosis outbreak violated the

28 Eighth Amendment).

9

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 16 of 22 Page ID #:109

1

Here, as this Court has already recognized, COVID-19 poses a substantial risk

2 of serious harm to Plaintiffs, and Defendants’ response to that imminent risk

3 constitutes reckless disregard for their safety. As this Court explained in its Castillo

4 TRO order, “[t]he law is clear”:

5

[T]he Government cannot put a civil detainee into a dangerous situation, especially where that dangerous situation was created by the

6

Government. The Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment

7

prohibits the Government from exposing an individual to a danger which he would not have otherwise faced. A civil detainee’s

8

constitutional rights are violated if a condition of his confinement

9

places him at substantial risk of suffering serious harm, such as the harm caused by a pandemic.

10 Castillo TRO, at *6 (internal citations omitted). After carefully surveying the

11 conditions at Adelanto, this Court held that “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil

12 detainee cannot be subject to the current conditions of confinement at [the facility].”

13 Id. at *5. Relying on this holding, this Court has subsequently granted release to

14 more than two dozen additional detained individuals—recognizing the continuing

15 inadequacy of the conditions of confinement at Adelanto.

16

In its TRO orders, this Court noted at least four specific conditions that made

17 detainees at Adelanto vulnerable to COVID-19: (1) detainees were not kept “at least

18 6 feet apart from others at all times”; (2) they lived in “sleeping rooms housing four

19 or six detainees with shared sinks, toilets and showers”; (3) they had “meal times”

20 where they “line[d] up together, sometimes only inches apart, in the cafeteria”; and

21 (4) they were forced to interact with potentially infected guards who “regularly rotate

22 through the various holding areas several times a day” without protective equipment.

23 Castillo TRO, at *2; Fraihat TRO at *11, *4–5. None of these conditions have been

24 remedied, and Plaintiff is still subject to them. Plaintiff’s continued detention is

25 necessarily unlawful.

26

2. Defendants’ COVID-19 Response Subjects Plaintiff to

27

Punitive Conditions in Violation of the Fifth Amendment

28

10

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 17 of 22 Page ID #:110

1

The conditions of Plaintiff’s detention during the COVID-19 pandemic also

2 constitute impermissible punishment in violation of the Fifth Amendment’s Due

3 Process Clause. Plaintiff is a civil detainee, and as such is entitled to “more

4 considerate treatment” and may not be subjected to punitive conditions. See Jones

5 v. Blanas, 393 F.3d 918, 931 (9th Cir. 2004) (citing Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S.

6 307, 321–22 (1982)); cf. Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 536–37 (1979) (holding that

7 pretrial detainees may be held in custody “so long as those conditions and

8 restrictions [of confinement] do not amount to punishment”).

9

To establish a violation of the Fifth Amendment under this doctrine, plaintiffs

10 need not show that Respondents intended to subject them to punishment. See Pierce

11 v. Cty. of Orange, 526 F.3d 1190, 1205 (9th Cir. 2008). Rather, a rebuttable

12 presumption of punitiveness arises in two circumstances: (1) “where the individual

13 is detained under conditions identical to, similar to, or more restrictive than those

14 under which pretrial criminal detainees are held,” Jones, 393 F.3d at 934, or (2)

15 where those conditions “are employed to achieve objectives that could be

16 accomplished in so many alternative and less harsh methods,” id. at 932. If plaintiffs

17 establish one of these presumptions, “the burden shifts to the defendant to show (1)

18 legitimate, non-punitive interests justifying the conditions of [the detained person’s]

19 confinement and (2) that the restrictions imposed . . . [are] not excessive in relation

20 to these interests.” King v. County of Los Angeles, 885 F.3d 548, 557 (9th Cir. 2018)

21 (internal quotation marks omitted).

22

Here, Plaintiff is likely to establish that Defendants violated—and continue to

23 violate—Plaintiff’s constitutional rights. First, by systemically failing to implement

24 the only known effective practice to reduce the risk of contracting COVID-19—

25 effective social distancing—Defendants subjects Plaintiff to conditions that are

26 “more restrictive than those under which pretrial criminal detainees are held.” See

27 Jones, 393 F.3d at 934. Indeed, throughout the country, jails and prisons have

28

11

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 18 of 22 Page ID #:111

1 released hundreds of criminal detainees for this reason.10 In sharp contrast, the

2 limited measures in place at Adelanto all but assure a COVID-19 outbreak will one

3 day occur, and ICE has not sought to release any detainees at Adelanto based on the

4 threat of COVID-19 transmission.

5

Second, Plaintiff also satisfies Jones’s alternative test for establishing

6 unconstitutionally punitive conditions, because the “restrictions [imposed during the

7 COVID-19 outbreak] are ‘employed to achieve objectives that could be

8 accomplished in so many alternative and less harsh methods.’” See Torres v. U.S.

9 Dep’t of Homeland Sec., 411 F. Supp. 3d 1036, 1065 (C.D. Cal. 2019) (quoting

10 Jones, 393 F.3d at 932). As this Court explained in Castillo, “[t]he risk that” those

11 released from Adelanto “will flee, given the current global pandemic, is very low,

12

13

14 10 See, e.g., US Jails Begin Releasing Prisoners to Stem COVID-19 Infections,

15

BBC News (Mar. 19, 2020), https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada51947802; Salvador Hernandez, Los Angeles is Releasing Inmates Early and

16 A(Mrraers.t1in6g, 2F0e2w0e,r4P:3e9opPlMe O),ver Fears of the Coronavirus in Jails, Buzzfeed News

17 18

https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/salvadorhernandez/los-angelescoronavirusc1ino9mr,o2ant0ea2sv0-ie)r,aurhsl-tytpp-rrsoe:ln/e/enaysinepm;oJsautt.lecisoamfMr/o2am0rs2Rh0i&/k0e3rB/s1ea9ns/nFeyeacur-eltyroh-aerserdlteo,adNsaeYy-C4, 0Nt-oecwroerloYenaoasrvkeir4Pu0ossptro(Mnea-r.

19 inmates-from-rikers-as-early-as-today/; Ryan Autullo, Travis County Judges

20 21

RPMele),ahsitntpgsI:/n/mwawtwes.sttoatLeismmiat nC.cooromn/anveiwruss/2S0p2r0e0a3d1, 6S/ttaratevsims-acnou(nMtya-rj.u1d6g,e2s-0r2e0le,a6s:i1n2giRhntetmpdsua:tc/e/esw-Vtwouw-llni.emcrbiastb-8cl.eocorJomani/alavPritoricuplsue-l/sanpteriweoansd,/h;CeSBaalSnthDN/cieoewrgoson8a&v(MiSrhuaesr/r.si2affn1t-,od2iR0ee2gl0oe,-ad1sa1e-:sI3hn3emrAiafMtfe-st)o,t-o

22 release-inmates-to-reduce-vulnerable-jail-population/509-75730ca5-445a-4811-

9024-6aeb1d9c2777; Letter from Mike McGrath, Chief Just., Sup. Ct. of Mont., to

23

Mont. Dist. Ct. Judges (Mar. 20, 2020), https://courts.mt.gov/Portals/189/virus/Ltr%20to%20COLJ%20Judges%20re%20C

24

OVID-19%20032020.pdf?ver=2020-03-20-115517-333; Ryan Deto & Ollie Gratzinger, Allegheny County Jail plans to release some medically vulnerable

25 inmates, but advocacy groups say it's not enough, Pittsburgh City Paper (Mar. 19,

2020), https://www.pghcitypaper.com/pittsburgh/allegheny-county-jail-plans-to-

26 27

releasesome-medically-vulnerable-inmates-but-advocacy-groups-say-itsVhntouttplensne:o/r/uawgbwhlew/”C.ontonbtcCecnohtri?ocoanigadov=.i1crou6ms9,7/N8n5eBw8C2s;/ClCohcoiacolak/gcCoooo(kuMcnoatyru.nJ1aty7il-,2jRa0ie2ll-0er)ea,lseeassDese-tdaeitnaeinesee“sH- ighly

28 highly-vulnerable-to-coronavirus/2238813/.

12

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 19 of 22 Page ID #:112

1 and reasonable conditions can be fashioned to ensure their future appearance at

2 deportation proceedings.” Castillo, 2020 WL 1502854, at *5.

3

ICE has a range of highly effective tools at its disposal to ensure that

4 individuals report for court hearings and other appointments, including conditions

5 of supervision. See Thaker v. Doll, Case No. 20-cv-00480, *20–*21 (M.D. Pa. Mar.

6 31, 2020) (noting “that ICE has a plethora of means other than physical detention at

7 their disposal by which they may monitor civil detainees and ensure that they are

8 present at removal proceedings, including remote monitoring and remote check-

9 ins”); Decl. of Andrew Lorenzen-Strait in Supp. of Mot. for TRO ¶ 15, Robles

10 Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS (C.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020), ECF

11 No. 22 (noting that a “government-contracted evaluation of [ICE’s Intensive

12 Supervision Appearance Program11] reported a 99% attendance rate at all

13 immigration court hearings and a 95% attendance rate at final hearings”). For

14 example, ICE’s conditional supervision program, called ISAP (Intensive

15 Supervision Appearance Program), “relies on the use of electronic ankle monitors,

16 biometric voice recognition software, unannounced home visits, employer

17 verification, and in-person reporting to supervise participants to ensure supervision.”

18 Id. at 19. That program is so effective that a “government-contracted evaluation of

19 this program reported a 99% attendance rate at all immigration court hearings.” Id.

20 Under the circumstances, there is no reasonable basis to continue Plaintiff’s

21 confinement during the height of the pandemic.

22

3. The Court Has Authority to Order Plaintiff’s Release

23

24

25

26 11 The Intensive Supervision Appearance Program, or ISAP, “relies on the use of electronic ankle monitors, biometric voice recognition software, unannounced
27 home visits, employer verification, and in-person reporting to supervise participants.” Decl. of Andrew Lorenzen-Strait in Supp. of Mot. for TRO ¶ 15,
28 Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS (C.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020), ECF No. 22.

13

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 20 of 22 Page ID #:113

1

As this Court recognized in Castillo, Plaintiffs’ immediate release is within

2 this Court’s power. “Federal courts possess whatever powers are necessary to

3 remedy constitutional violations because they are charged with protecting these

4 rights.” Stone v. City & Cty. of San Francisco, 968 F.2d 850, 861 (9th Cir. 1992).

5 As a result, “[w]hen necessary to ensure compliance with a constitutional mandate,

6 courts may enter orders placing limits on a prison’s population.” Brown v. Plata,

7 563 U.S. 493, 511 (2011). This falls within the Court’s broad power to fashion

8 equitable remedies to address constitutional violations in government confinement.

9 Hutto, 437 U.S. at 687 n.9. Moreover, as this Court has explained, “[t]he risk that

10 [Plaintiffs], here, will flee, given the current global pandemic, is very low, and

11 reasonable conditions can be fashioned to ensure their future appearance at

12 deportation proceedings.” Castillo TRO, at *5. It will be safer for everyone –

13 Plaintiff, Adelanto detainees and staff, and the surrounding community – if Plaintiff

14 is released.

15

B. Plaintiff Satisfies the Remaining Factors for a Temporary Restraining Order

16

1. Exposure to a Lethal Virus Which Lacks Any Vaccine,

17

Treatment, or Cure Constitutes Irreparable Harm

18

As this Court explained in Castillo and Fraihat, “[i]t is well established that

19 the deprivation of constitutional rights unquestionably constitutes irreparable

20 injury.” Castillo TRO, at *6 (citing Hernandez v. Sessions, 872 F.3d 976, 994 (9th

21 Cir. 2017)), Fraihat TRO at *11 (citing same). That alone satisfies this factor.

22

Moreover, the Ninth Circuit recently recognized that dangerous and unsafe

23 conditions of detention, such as those Plaintiff faces, also constitute irreparable harm

24 supporting injunctive relief. Padilla v. U.S. Immigration & Customs Enforcement,

25 No. 19-35565, 2020 WL 1482393, at *9 (9th Cir. Mar. 27, 2020) (recognizing that

26 “substandard physical conditions, [and] low standards of medical care” in

27 immigration detention constitute irreparable harm justifying injunctive relief). And

28 the Ninth Circuit has also recognized that there is irreparable harm where

14

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 21 of 22 Page ID #:114

1 government actions threaten to worsen an individual’s health. See M.R. v. Dreyfus,

2 663 F.3d 1100, 1111 (9th Cir. 2011), as amended by 697 F.3d 706 (9th Cir 2012).

3 Each of these reasons supports immediate relief here. The fatality rate for people

4 infected with COVID-19 is estimated to be more than thirty times higher than the

5 seasonal flu.12 For those who survive, infection can permanently damage the lungs

6 and other major organs. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 22. Once COVID-19 is introduced into a

7 congregate environment like a detention center, it spreads “like wildfire.” Greifinger

8 Decl. ¶ 13; Schneberk Decl. ¶ 42. And the risk is getting closer. Experts have

9 concluded that “[e]ach day we wait to act increases the danger of serious illness or

10 death due to COVID-19 for not only detainees and staff at Adelanto, but for millions

11 of Southern Californians.” Schneberk Decl. ¶ 43; see Greifinger Decl. ¶¶ 19, 23.

12 There is no serious dispute the irreparable harm factor is satisfied.

13

2. The Public Interest and Balance of Equities Weigh Heavily in Plaintiff’s Favor

14

Here, as in the cases where this Court has already granted relief, “[t]he balance

15 of the equities tip sharply in favor” of Plaintiff. Castillo TRO, at *6, Fraihat TRO 16 at *11. While plaintiffs “face irreparable harm to their constitutional rights and

17 health,” “there is no harm to the Government when a court prevents the Government

18 from engaging in unlawful practices.” Castillo TRO, at *6, Fraihat TRO at *11. 19 Indeed, “[f]aced with . . . preventable human suffering, [the Ninth Circuit] ha[s] little

20 difficulty concluding that the balance of hardships tips decidedly in plaintiffs’

21 favor.” Hernandez, 872 F.3d at 996 (quoting Lopez v. Heckler, 713 F.2d 1432, 1437 22 (9th Cir. 1983)).

23

Moreover, it is in both the Defendants’ and the broader public interest to

24 reduce the threat of an imminent COVID-19 outbreak at Adelanto. ICE has an

25 interest in preventing any potential spread of COVID-19 in its detention facility,

26

27 12 Jo Craven McGinty, Why Doesn’t Flu Tank Economy Like Covid-19?, Wall 28 Street Journal (Apr. 10, 2020), https://www.wsj.com/articles/why-doesnt-flu-tank-
economy-like-covid-19-11586511000.

15

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 7-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 22 of 22 Page ID #:115

1 which may then affect guards, visitors, attorneys, and others who may potentially

2 interact with detainees. And an outbreak of COVID-19 at Adelanto would doubtless

3 put significant pressure on or exceed the capacity of local health infrastructure.

4 Greifinger Decl. ¶ 14; see Schneberk Decl. ¶ 26. As this Court succinctly explained:

5

The public has a critical interest in preventing the further spread of the

6

coronavirus. An outbreak at Adelanto would, further, endanger all of us – Adelanto detainees, Adelanto employees, residents of San Bernardino

7

County, residents of the State of California, and our nation as a whole.

8 Castillo TRO, at *6.

9

Thus, Plaintiff’s release would not only impose minimal harm to the

10 government, it would also reduce the healthcare and economic burden on the local

11 community and health infrastructure at large.

12 V. CONCLUSION

13

The Court should grant Plaintiff’s motion for a temporary restraining and

14 direct Plaintiffs’ immediate release from Adelanto.

15

16 Dated: April 13, 2020

Respectfully submitted,

17

18

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

19

/s/ Amanda Barnett

20

AMANDA BARNETT Counsel for Plaintiffs

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

16

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8 Filed 04/13/20 Page 1 of 2 Page ID #:122

1

SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com

2

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com

3

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW

4

Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

5

Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201

6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)

7

amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)

8

jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

9

355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560

10

Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763

11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

16 BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR

) )

ADELANTO COVID

17

ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) ) MIGUEL ANGEL AGUILAR

18 19
v.

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

) ) ) )

ESTRADA’S EX PARTE APPLICATION FOR TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER

20

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S.

) )

21

Department of Homeland Security; MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy

) )

22 Director and Senior Official Performing )

the Duties of the Director, U.S.

)

23

Immigration and Customs Enforcement; DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los

) )

24

Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration

) )

25 and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES )

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE

)

26 Processing Center,

) )

27

Respondents-Defendants. ) )

28

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8 Filed 04/13/20 Page 2 of 2 Page ID #:123

1

Pursuant to Rule 65(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and Local

2 Rule 65-1, Plaintiff-Petitioner Miguel Angel Aguilar Estrada hereby moves this

3 court for emergency relief in the form of a temporary restraining order directing

4 that he be immediately released from his current confinement at the Adelanto ICE

5 Processing Center, under appropriate conditions as may be deemed necessary by

6 the Court, in light of the serious risks to his health and safety posed by the current

7 COVID-19 pandemic. This Application is supported by the accompanying

8 Memorandum of Points and Authorities, Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus and

9 Complaint for Injunctive and Declaratory Relief, and by Declarations and Exhibits

10 filed contemporaneously.

11

On April 13, at 10:13 am, counsel for Plaintiffs emailed Assistant United

12 States Attorney Joanne Osinoff to advise of this Ex Parte Application for

13 Temporary Restraining Order. Ms. Osinoff informed counsel for Plaintiffs that the

14 United States Attorney’s Office intends to oppose this application

15

16 Dated: April 13, 2020

Respectfully submitted,

17

18

/s/ Amanda Barnett AMANDA BARNETT

19

Counsel for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28 1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 1 of 21 Page ID #:124

1 SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com
2 WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com
3 LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW
4 Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304
5 Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201
6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)
7 amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)
8 jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
9 355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560
10 Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763
11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners
12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

16 BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO

)

CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR

) ADELANTO COVID

17 ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and )

all others similarly situated,

) PLAINTIFF MIGUEL ANGEL

18

) AGUILAR ESTRADA’S

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

) MEMORANDUM OF POINTS

19

) AND AUTHORITIES IN

v.

) SUPPORT OF MOTION FOR

20

) TEMPORARY RESTRAINING

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. ) ORDER

21 Department of Homeland Security;

)

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy

)

22 Director and Senior Official Performing )

the Duties of the Director, U.S.

)

23 Immigration and Customs Enforcement; )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

24 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration )

25 and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES )

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE

)

26 Processing Center,

)

)

27

Respondents-Defendants. )

)

28

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 2 of 21 Page ID #:125

1 2 3 I. 4 II. 5 6 7 8 9 III. 10 IV. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
V. 23 24 25 26 27 28

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page
INTRODUCTION........................................................................................... 1 FACTS............................................................................................................. 2 A. COVID-19 Poses Grave Risk Of Harm To Plaintiff ............................ 2 B. Plaintiff Miguel Angel Aguilar Estrada Faces an
Imminent and Substantial Risk of Contracting COVID19 in Adelanto ....................................................................................... 3 C. Plaintiff Aguilar Estrada ....................................................................... 6 LEGAL STANDARD ..................................................................................... 7 ARGUMENT .................................................................................................. 8 A. Plaintiff is Likely to Succeed on the Merits ......................................... 8 1. Plaintiff’s Continued Detention at Adelanto
Violates The Fifth Amendment Right to Reasonable Safety in Government Custody ............................... 8 2. Defendants’ COVID-19 Response Subjects Plaintiff to Punitive Conditions in Violation of the Fifth Amendment...................................................................... 10 3. The Court Has Authority to Order Plaintiff’s Release ...................................................................................... 13 B. Plaintiff Satisfies the Remaining Factors for a Temporary Restraining Order ................................................................................ 14 1. Exposure to a Lethal Virus Which Lacks Any Vaccine, Treatment, or Cure Constitutes Irreparable Harm....................................................................... 14 2. The Public Interest and Balance of Equities Weigh Heavily in Plaintiff’s Favor ...................................................... 15 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................. 16

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1

TABLE OF AUTHORITIES

2

Page(s)

3

CASES

4 All. for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 632 F.3d 1127 (9th Cir. 2011) .............................................................................. 7
5 Bell v. Wolfish,
6 441 U.S. 520 (1979) ........................................................................................... 10

7 Brown v. Plata, 563 U.S. 493 (2011) ....................................................................................... 9, 13
8 Castillo v. Barr,
9 No. CV 20-00605 TJH, 2020 WL 1502864 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 27, 2020) ..... passim

10 DeGidio v. Pung, 920 F.2d 525 (8th Cir. 1990) ................................................................................ 9
11 DeShaney v. Winnebago Cty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs.,
12 489 U.S. 189 (1989) ............................................................................................. 8

13 Gordon v. Cty. of Orange, 888 F.3d 1118 (9th Cir. 2018) .............................................................................. 9
14 Helling v. McKinney,
15 509 U.S. 25 (1993) ............................................................................................... 9

16 Hernandez v. City of San Jose, 897 F.3d 1125 (9th Cir. 2018) .............................................................................. 9
17 Hernandez v. County of Monterey,
18 305 F.R.D. 132 (N.D. Cal. 2015) ......................................................................... 9

19 Hernandez v. Sessions, 872 F.3d 976 (9th Cir. 2017) ........................................................................ 14, 15
20 Hutto v. Finney,
21 437 U.S. 678 (1978) ....................................................................................... 9, 13

22 Jones v. Blanas, 393 F.3d 918 (9th Cir. 2004) .................................................................. 10, 11, 12
23 King v. County of Los Angeles,
24 885 F.3d 548 (9th Cir. 2018) .............................................................................. 11

25 Lopez v. Heckler, 713 F.2d 1432 (9th Cir. 1983) ............................................................................ 15
26 M.R. v. Dreyfus,
27 663 F.3d 1100 (9th Cir. 2011), as amended by 697 F.3d 706 (9th Cir. 2012) ................................................................................................................... 14
28

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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 4 of 21 Page ID #:127

1 Padilla v. U.S. Immigration & Customs Enforcement, No. 19-35565, 2020 WL 1482393 (9th Cir. Mar. 27, 2020) .............................. 14
2 Pierce v. Cty. of Orange,
3 526 F.3d 1190 (9th Cir. 2008) ............................................................................ 11

4 Pimentel v. Dreyfus, 670 F.3d 1096 (9th Cir. 2012) .............................................................................. 7
5 Stone v. City & Cty. of San Francisco,
6 968 F.2d 850 (9th Cir. 1992) .............................................................................. 13

7 Stuhlbarg Int’l Sales Co. v. John D. Brush & Co., 240 F.3d 832 (9th Cir. 2001) ................................................................................ 7
8 Torres v. U.S. Dep’t of Homeland Sec.,
9 411 F. Supp. 3d 1036 (C.D. Cal. 2019).............................................................. 12

10 Winter v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7 (2008) ................................................................................................. 7
11 Youngberg v. Romeo,
12 457 U.S. 307 (1982) ....................................................................................... 8, 10

13

OTHER AUTHORITIES

14 Chris Mooney, Brady Dennis and Sarah Kaplan, Hundreds of young Americans have now been killed by the coronavirus, data shows,
15 Washington Post (Apr. 8, 2020), https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/04/08/young-people-
16 coronavirus-deaths/............................................................................................... 2

17 Cook County Jail Releases Detainees “Highly Vulnerable” to Coronavirus, NBC Chicago (Mar. 17,2020),
18 https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/cookcounty-jail-releasesdetainees-highly-vulnerable-to-coronavirus/2238813/ ...................................... 12
19 Jo Craven McGinty, Why Doesn’t Flu Tank Economy Like Covid-19?,
20 Wall Street Journal (Apr. 10, 2020), https://www.wsj.com/articles/whydoesnt-flu-tank-economy-like-covid-19-11586511000 ..................................... 14
21 Julia Marsh & Ben Feuerherd, NYC to release 40 coronavirus-prone
22 inmates from Rikers as early as today, New York Post (Mar. 19, 2020), https://nypost.com/2020/03/19/nyc-to-release-40-coronavirusprone-
23 inmates-from-rikers-as-early-as-today/ .............................................................. 11

24 Kate Morissey, Detainees at Otay Mesa Detention Centers were offered masks, but only if they signed contracts, San Diego Tribune (Apr. 10,
25 2020), https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/immigration/story/2020-
26 04-10/otay-mesa-detention-center-gets-masks-but-asks-detainees-tosign-contract-first ................................................................................................. 4
27

28

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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 5 of 21 Page ID #:128
1 Letter from Drs. Scott A. Allen & Josiah Rich to Rep. Bennie Thompson, et al. (Mar. 19, 2020), available at
2 https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6816336-032020-LetterFrom-Drs-Allen-Rich-to-Congress-Re.html#document/p4/a557238; ................. 3
3 Letter from Mike McGrath, Chief Just., Sup. Ct. of Mont., to Mont. Dist.
4 Ct. Judges (Mar. 20, 2020), https://courts.mt.gov/Portals/189/virus/Ltr%20to%20COLJ%20Judges
5 %20re%20COVID-19%20032020.pdf?ver=2020-03-20-115517-333.............. 12 6 Melissa Davey, What is a pandemic and does it change the approach to
coronavirus?, The Guardian (Mar. 14, 2020), 7 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/14/what-is-a-pandemic-
coronavirus-covid-19............................................................................................ 2 8
Responses to COVID-19 pandemic, Prison Policy Initiative (Apr. 10, 9 2020), https://www.prisonpolicy.org/virus/virusresponse.html#releases ............ 6 10 Ryan Autullo, Travis County Judges Releasing Inmates to Limit
Coronavirus Spread, Statesman (Mar. 16, 2020, 6:12 PM), 11 https://www.statesman.com/news/20200316/travis-county-judges-
releasing-inmates-to-limit-coronavirus-spread .................................................. 12 12
Ryan Deto & Ollie Gratzinger, Allegheny County Jail plans to release 13 some medically vulnerable inmates, but advocacy groups say it’s not
enough, Pittsburgh City Paper (Mar. 19, 2020), 14 https://www.pghcitypaper.com/pittsburgh/allegheny-county-jail-plans-
to-releasesome-medically-vulnerable-inmates-but-advocacy-groups15 say-its-notenough/Content?oid=16978582 ........................................................ 12 16 Salvador Hernandez, Los Angeles is Releasing Inmates Early and
Arresting Fewer People Over Fears of the Coronavirus in Jails, 17 Buzzfeed News (Mar. 16, 2020, 4:39 PM),
https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/salvadorhernandez/los18 angelescoronavirus- inmates-early-release......................................................... 11 19 San Diego & Sheriff to Release Inmates to Reduce Vulnerable Jail
Population, CBS News 8 (Mar. 21, 2020, 11:33 AM), 20 https://www.cbs8.com/article/news/health/coronavirus/san-diego-da-
sheriff-to-release-inmates-to-reduce-vulnerable-jail-population/50921 75730ca5-445a-4811-9024-6aeb1d9c2777 ........................................................ 12 22 U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Confirmed Cases, ICE
Guidance on COVID-19 (last updated Apr. 10, 2020, 5:35 p.m.), 23 https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus.......................................................................... 4 24 US Jails Begin Releasing Prisoners to Stem COVID-19 Infections, BBC
News (Mar. 19, 2020), https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada25 51947802 ............................................................................................................ 11 26 27 28
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1 I. INTRODUCTION

2

Petitioner-Plaintiff Miguel Angel Aguilar Estrada (“Plaintiff”) is a civil

3 detainee in the Adelanto ICE Processing Center (“Adelanto”). Plaintiff is a class

4 representative of the Proposed Class seeking a preliminary injunction. While the

5 motion for preliminary class-wide relief is pending, Plaintiff seeks a temporary

6 restraining order granting his release from Adelanto.

7

This Court has recognized the gravity of the threat posed by continued

8 detention at Adelanto and held that “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil detainee

9 cannot be subject to the current conditions of confinement at Adelanto.” Castillo v.

10 Barr, No. CV 20-00605 TJH, 2020 WL 1502864, at *5 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 27, 2020).

11 Accordingly, the Court has issued temporary restraining orders and released at least

12 two dozen individuals and placed them under appropriate conditions of confinement

13 outside of Adelanto.1

14

15

16 1 See, e.g., Castillo v. Barr (“Castillo TRO”), No. CV 20-00605 TJH (AFMx), 2020 WL 1502864, at *11 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 27, 2020) (ordering two detainees released);
17 TRO and Order to Show Cause at 12, Fraihat v. Wolf (“Fraihat TRO”), No. EDCV2000590-TJH (C.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020) (ordering a detainee released); TRO and
18 Order to Show Cause at 14, Hernandez v. Wolf (“Hernandez TRO”), Case No. EDCV 20-00617 TJH (KSx) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 1, 2020), ECF No. 17; TRO and Order
19 to Show Cause at 2, Sudney v. Wolf, Case No. EDCV 20-00626 TJH (SHKx) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 2, 2020), ECF No. 12; TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Munoz v. Wolf,
20 Case No. EDCV 20-00625 TJH (SHKx) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 2, 2020), ECF No. 14; Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, No. 5:20-CV-00527 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020) ECF Nos.
21 35-39, 42-43 (granting temporary restraining orders on behalf of six Adelanto detainees); TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Perez Cruz v. Barr, Case No. EDCV
22 20-00668 TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 8; TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Singh v. Barr, Case No. EDCV 20-00653 TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF
23 No. 11; TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Nguyen v. Marin, Case No. EDCV 2000646 TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 10; TRO and Order to Show Cause
24 at 2, Bogle v. Barr, Case No. EDCV 20-00650 TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 12; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Eyere v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00700-
25 TJH-MAA (C.D. Cal. Apr. 9, 2020), ECF No. 17; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Yanez Montoya v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00713 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 10, 2020),
26 ECF No. 11; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Hernandez Arevalo v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00712 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 10, 2020), ECF No. 14; TRO and Order to
27 Show Cause, Zendejas Lopez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00702 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 8, 2020), ECF No. 12; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Moreno v. Wolf, Case
28 No. 5:20-cv-00718 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 9, 2020), ECF No. 13.

1
|| US-DOCS\115301756.4

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1

Plaintiff is similarly situated to these other Adelanto detainees. He also suffers

2 from diabetes, hypertension and high cholesterol, making him at particular risk if he

3 contracts COVID-19. The Court should grant Plaintiff’s release pending the

4 determination of the class-wide preliminary injunction.

5 II. FACTS2

6

A. COVID-19 Poses Grave Risk Of Harm To Plaintiff

7

COVID-19 is a deadly pandemic. In the short time since the first cases

8 emerged in Wuhan, China, late last year, COVID-19 has spread around the globe at

9 breakneck speed. Because humans have never been exposed to this virus, they have

10 not developed any immunities or protective responses, and thus everyone is at risk 11 of infection.3 In fact, although certain characteristics such as advanced age or

12 underlying health conditions exacerbate the risk of death or serious illness from

13 COVID-19, early CDC data shows nearly 40% of COVID-19 patients hospitalized

14 in the U.S. have been between the ages of 18 and 54. Decl. of Dr. Todd Schneberk

15 in Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Schneberk Decl.”) ¶¶ 14, 16. In New York,

16 approximately one-third of the patients between the ages of 30 and 39 who died from

17 COVID-19 did not appear to have any risk factors, Schneberk Decl. ¶ 17, and

18 physicians treating COVID-19 have noted the “randomness” with regard to which 19 young people are unable to survive contraction of the illness.4

20

There is no vaccine, antiviral treatment, or cure for COVID-19. The disease

21 is believed to spread through “droplets” that can be transmitted during close

22 interpersonal contact of about six feet. Decl. of Dr. Robert B. Greifinger in Supp. of

23 2 Plaintiff incorporates by reference the factual background discussed in the

24 accompanying Memorandum in Support of Plaintiffs’ Motion for a Preliminary

Injunction.

25 3 See Melissa Davey, What is a pandemic and does it change the approach to

26

coronavirus?, The Guardian (Mar. 14, 2020), https://www.theguardian.com/world /2020/mar/14/what-is-a-pandemic-coronavirus-covid-19.

27 4 Chris Mooney, Brady Dennis and Sarah Kaplan, Hundreds of young Americans

have now been killed by the coronavirus, data shows, Washington Post (Apr. 8,

28 2020),

https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/04/08/young-people-

coronavirus-deaths/.

2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 8 of 21 Page ID #:131

1 Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Greifinger Decl.”) ¶ 5; Schneberk Decl. ¶¶ 7–8. And

2 evidence shows individuals infected with COVID-19 can transmit it to others even

3 if they have no symptoms. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 9. Because of its highly contagious

4 nature, the only known effective measure to reduce the risk of injury or death from

5 COVID-19 is to prevent people from being infected in the first place. Greifinger

6 Decl. ¶ 4. In the absence of a comprehensive testing regime, “social distancing,” or

7 maintaining six feet of separation at all times from other people, is the only effective

8 means of stopping the spread of the disease in the long run. Greifinger Decl. ¶ 4;

9 Schneberk Decl. ¶ 39.

10

B. Plaintiff Miguel Angel Aguilar Estrada Faces an Imminent and

11

Substantial Risk of Contracting COVID-19 in Adelanto

Dr. Greifinger explains that “[j]ails and detention centers are congregate 12

environments where the risk of infection and infectious spread is extremely high.” 13

Greifinger Decl. ¶ 12. At Adelanto, as in other similar environments, there is a 14

heightened risk of infection due to the lack of adequate hygiene and the inability of 15

detainees to practice social distancing. Id. ¶¶ 13–15; see also Schneberk Decl. ¶ 38 16

(“Because of the structure and conditions at Adelanto, detainees face a dramatically 17

reduced ability to protect themselves by social distancing than they would in the 18

community, and therefore face a significantly higher risk of being exposed to and 19

infected by contagious diseases like COVID-19.”). Defendants’ own medical subject 20

matter experts have recognized that conditions like those present currently at 21

Adelanto amount to a “tinderbox scenario” for the rapid spread of COVID-19. See 22

Letter from Drs. Scott A. Allen & Josiah Rich to Rep. Bennie Thompson, et al. (Mar. 23

19, 2020), available at https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/681633624

032020-Letter-From-Drs-Allen-Rich-to-Congress-Re.html#document/p4/a557238; 25

see also Schneberk Decl. ¶¶ 23–35; Greifinger Decl. ¶¶ 12–18. 26

Similar conditions have led to disastrous results in other congregate facilities. 27

In three weeks across March and April, the jail at Rikers Island in New York jumped 28

3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 9 of 21 Page ID #:132

1 from no cases among inmates to 273 cases, a higher rate of infection than in the most

2 infected places in the world; four corrections staff members and one inmate have

3 died. Suppl. Greifinger Decl. ¶ 13. The Cook County Jail has likewise seen an

4 alarming rise in cases: the Jail went from two confirmed inmate cases on March 23,

5 2020, to 234 confirmed inmate cases on April 7, 2020; one inmate has died. Id ¶ 14.

6 As of April 13, 2020, there were at least 72 confirmed cases among detainees in ICE

7 custody, including twelve at the Otay Mesa Detention Center in San Diego.5

8 According to detainees and their lawyers, officials at Otay Mesa initially refused to

9 give masks to detainees unless they signed a waiver releasing the prison contractor

10 from liability.6

11

Dr. Greifinger details the numerous ways in which ICE’s response to the

12 significant challenge of dealing with a pandemic in a detention setting has been

13 “wholly inadequate.” Greifinger Decl. ¶¶ 17–24. The descriptions of other class

14 members and individuals recently released from Adelanto confirm ICE’s utter

15 failure to protect those who are detained there. Despite the crowded, communal

16 facilities, detainees have no access to masks. See Decl. of Paola Rayon Vite in Supp.

17 of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Rayon Vite Decl.”) ¶ 13; Decl. of Luis Lopez Salgado in

18 Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Lopez Salgado Decl.”) ¶¶ 20, 21; Decl. of

19 Charleston Edward Dacoff in Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Dacoff Decl.”) ¶¶

20 28, 29; Decl. of Ruth Calvillo in Supp. of Mot. for a Prelim. Inj. (“Calvillo Decl.”)

21 ¶¶ 20, 22.7 Guards and medical staff generally do not wear masks, though they

22 5 U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Confirmed Cases, ICE Guidance on

23 COVID-19 (last updated Apr. 13, 2020, 11:43 a.m.), https://www.ice.gov/

coronavirus (click on “Confirmed Cases.

24 6 Kate Morissey, Detainees at Otay Mesa Detention Centers were offered masks, but

25

only if they signed contracts, San Diego Tribune (Apr. 10, 2020), https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/immigration/story/2020-04-10/otay-

26 mesa-detention-center-gets-masks-but-asks-detainees-to-sign-contract-first. 7 ICE has placed severe restrictions on attorneys’ ability to access their clients at

27 Adelanto, including limitations on in-person visits unless attorneys bring their own

personal protective equipment, which is obviously in very short supply. See Motion

28 for TRO at 10-17, Torres v. Nielsen, Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal), Dkt. No.

4

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 10 of 21 Page ID #:133

1 frequently stand in close proximity to detained individuals. See Calvillo Decl. ¶¶ 13,

2 20–21; Lopez Salgado Decl. ¶ 19; Rayon Vite Decl. ¶ 13; see also Schneberk Decl.

3 ¶ 29. Staff arrive and leave on a shift basis, and new detainees continue to arrive at

4 the facility, but there is no attempt to test staff or detainees for asymptomatic

5 infection. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 29; Greifinger Decl. ¶ 22; Dacoff Decl. ¶ 32; see also

6 Valdez Decl. ¶ 14. Even detainees who are experiencing symptoms of COVID-19,

7 such as fever and cough, are not tested. Declaration of Jose Hernandez Velasquez

8 (“Hernandez Velasquez Decl.”) ¶ 18; accord Rayon Vite Decl. ¶¶ 18–19; Dacoff

9 Decl. ¶ 32.

10

Plaintiff’s experience has been no different. Plaintiff has not been able to

11 practice social distancing because he shares a cell with three other men. Calvillo

12 Decl. ¶ 17. Adelanto staff do not consistently wear masks, and masks are not

13 available for detainees. Id. ¶¶ 20–21. Hand sanitizer dispensers are empty. Id. ¶ 22.

14 Moreover, all detainees, including Plaintiff, share toilets, sinks, and showers with

15 others in their dormitories and pods, without disinfection after each use. Schneberk

16 Decl. ¶ 28; Rayon Vite Decl. ¶¶ 9–11; Lopez Salgado Decl. ¶¶ 11–14; Dacoff Decl.

17 ¶¶ 8–13; Robles Rodriguez Decl. ¶¶ 9–11. Showers are typically crowded with

18 people and placed so closely together that, when standing in one shower stall, “you

19 could reach out your hand and press the button for the shower adjacent to yours,”

20 Dacoff Decl. ¶¶ 14; 18. Again, in the opinions of Plaintiffs’ medical experts, it is not

21

22 127-1 (describing current limitations on attorney-client communication at Adelanto and seeking emergency relief to ensure detainees maintain basic access to counsel
23 during the COVID-19 pandemic); Decl. of Gabriel Valdez (“Valdez Decl.”) ¶ 26, Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00627-TJH-GJS (C.D. Cal. Apr. 7,
24 2020), ECF No. 45-1. In addition, ICE currently provides no effective way for attorneys to conduct confidential calls with clients detained at Adelanto. See Mot.
25 for TRO at 10-17, Torres v. Nielson, Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 26, 2020), ECF No. 127-1. A temporary restraining order requiring that the government
26 take steps to improve access to counsel at Adelanto was granted on April 11, 2020. Torres v. Nielson, Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 11, 2020), ECF No. 144.
27 As a result, and because of the urgency of the situation, in lieu of declarations from Plaintiffs-Petitioners themselves, the attorneys representing Plaintiff-Petitioners in
28 their administrative removal proceedings have provided declarations describing the facts of their cases.

5

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 11 of 21 Page ID #:134

1 possible “to achieve adequate social distancing and hygiene in communal

2 bathroom[s]” unless “people [are] at least six feet apart at all times” and the

3 “facilities [are] thoroughly disinfected after each use”—which is impossible if 72

4 people are confined to single shower area. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 28; see also Greifinger

5 Decl. ¶ 26.

6

Absent Court intervention, Plaintiff will not be able to practice social

7 distancing while detained in Adelanto. The Government has expressed in numerous

8 filings before this Court that it has no intention of engaging in meaningful social

9 distancing at Adelanto, dismissing such practices as “idealized safety

10 precaution[s].”8 ICE’s practice and attitude is an aberration. Multiple jurisdictions,

11 including Los Angeles, CA, Chicago, IL, Harris County, TX, New York City, and

12 the entire states of New Jersey and Iowa have released thousands of people from

13 criminal custody, acknowledging the grave threat that an outbreak in jails and

14 detention centers poses.9 Other public officials have likewise called for the release

15 of eligible individuals from detention. For example, the former Acting Director of

16 ICE, John Sandweg, has advocated releasing individuals to combat the spread of

17 COVID-19 in detention centers, and has stated “ICE has the operational capacity to

18 quickly and drastically reduce the population of civil immigration detainees.”

19 Motion for TRO Ex. 19, Sandweg Decl. ¶ 9, Thompson v. Tsoukaris, Case No. 1:20-

20 cv-01449-SDG (N.D. Ga. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 4-20.

21

C. Plaintiff Aguilar Estrada

22

Miguel Angel Aguilar Estrada is a 52-year old citizen of Mexico. Calvillo

23 Decl. ¶ 8. He has been detained in Adelanto since December 2019. Id. ¶ 6. Mr.

24 Aguilar Estrada has been diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension, and high

25 cholesterol. Id. ¶ 7. Although his records show that he is diabetic, he was not given

26 8 Reply to Order to Show Cause (“Robles Rodriguez Gov’t Reply”) at 12, Robles

27 Rodriguez v. Wolf, No. 5:20-cv-00627-TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 8, 2020), ECF No. 45.

9 See Responses to COVID-19 pandemic, Prison Policy Initiative (Apr. 10, 2020),

28 https://www.prisonpolicy.org/virus/virusresponse.html#releases

(collecting

instances where jails and prisons have released detainees due to COVID-19).

6

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 12 of 21 Page ID #:135

1 any medication for his diabetes until after he visited the infirmary with pain in his

2 chest, numb hands, and swollen feet at the end of March 2020. Id. ¶ 13. Even after

3 that visit, he did not receive outside follow-up care ordered by medical staff. Id. ¶

4 14. If Mr. Aguilar Estrada is released, he will live with his long-term partner, Maria

5 Calvillo, and their children at their home in Compton, California. Id. ¶ 25. He will

6 be able to self-isolate at home and practice social distancing. Id.

7

Mr. Aguilar Estrada’s criminal history consists of two convictions for driving

8 under the influence, for incidents occurring in 2015 and 2017 in which no one was

9 injured. Calvillo Decl. ¶ 11. He has since made significant efforts to change his life,

10 and has been sober for three years. Id. Before he was detained, he was attending

11 Alcoholics Anonymous voluntarily, and was enrolled in and near completing an

12 alcohol rehabilitation program. Id.

13 III. LEGAL STANDARD

14

Plaintiffs are entitled to a temporary restraining order if they show: (1) a

15 likelihood of success on the merits; (2) they are likely to suffer irreparable harm in

16 the absence of relief; (3) the balance of equities tips in their favor; and, (4) an

17 injunction is in the public interest. See Winter v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555

18 U.S. 7, 20 (2008); Stuhlbarg Int’l Sales Co. v. John D. Brush & Co., 240 F.3d 832,

19 839 n.7 (9th Cir. 2001) (noting that preliminary injunction and temporary restraining

20 order standards are “substantially identical”). The Ninth Circuit employs a sliding

21 scale approach, in which a stronger showing of one element may offset a weaker

22 showing of another. See Pimentel v. Dreyfus, 670 F.3d 1096, 1105 (9th Cir. 2012).

23 Thus, a temporary restraining order may issue where “serious questions going to the

24 merits [are] raised and the balance of hardships tips sharply in [plaintiffs’] favor.”

25 All. for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 632 F.3d 1127, 1131 (9th Cir. 2011) (citation

26 omitted) (alteration in original). To succeed under the “serious question” test,

27 plaintiffs must show that they are likely to suffer irreparable injury and that an

28 injunction is in the public’s interest. Id. at 1132.

7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 13 of 21 Page ID #:136

1 IV. ARGUMENT

2

In multiple orders over the past two weeks, this Court has recognized that

3 “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil detainee cannot be subject to the current

4 conditions of confinement at Adelanto.” Castillo TRO, at *5. Those conditions

5 include “sleeping rooms housing four or six detainees with shared sinks, toilets and

6 showers,” potentially infected guards who “regularly rotate through the various

7 holding areas several times a day” without always donning protective equipment,

8 and “meal times” where detainees “line up together, sometimes only inches apart, in

9 the cafeteria.” Castillo TRO at *2, see also Fraihat TRO at 4–5.

10

The conditions within Adelanto are fundamentally unchanged. Plaintiff here

11 is in even greater danger today than the detainees this Court has already released

12 because the spread of COVID-19 in the area—where facility staff commute from

13 daily—has dramatically increased in recent days. Plaintiff is entitled to—and

14 desperately requires—relief for the same reasons as the individuals this Court has

15 already released. The TRO should be granted.

16

A. Plaintiff is Likely to Succeed on the Merits

17

1. Plaintiff’s Continued Detention at Adelanto Violates The Fifth Amendment Right to Reasonable Safety in

18

Government Custody

19

Individuals confined by the government have a right to health and safety. See

20 Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S. 307, 315–16 (1982). “The rationale for this principle

21 is simple enough: when the State by the affirmative exercise of its power so restrains

22 an individual’s liberty that it renders him unable to care for himself, and at the same

23 time fails to provide for his basic human needs—e.g., food, clothing, shelter, medical

24 care, and reasonable safety—it transgresses the substantive limits on state action set

25 by the Eighth Amendment and the Due Process Clause.” DeShaney v. Winnebago

26 Cty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 489 U.S. 189, 200 (1989).

27

Thus, a plaintiff establishes “a due process violation” if the Government

28 “affirmatively placed them in danger,” and “acted with deliberate indifference to a

8

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 14 of 21 Page ID #:137

1 known or obvious danger in subjecting them to that danger.” Hernandez v. City of

2 San Jose, 897 F.3d 1125, 1137 (9th Cir. 2018). A plaintiff need not show that the

3 relevant government officials are “subjectively aware that their [actions are]

4 unreasonable,” only that “a reasonable official in the circumstances would have

5 appreciated the high degree of risk involved.” Gordon v. Cty. of Orange, 888 F.3d

6 1118, 1124–25 (9th Cir. 2018). This standard requires “something akin to reckless

7 disregard.” Id. In systemic cases, such as this, deliberate indifference can be shown

8 by evidence of “systematic or gross deficiencies in staffing, facilities, equipment, or

9 procedures.” Hernandez v. County of Monterey, 305 F.R.D. 132, 152–53, 155 n. 138

10 (N.D. Cal. 2015). The key question in such cases is whether systemic deficiencies

11 “taken as whole” subject people to a “substantial risk of serious harm.” See Brown

12 v. Plata, 563 U.S. 493, 505 n.3 (2011).

13

Furthermore, it is well-settled that a detainee’s constitutional protections

14 extend to “future harm,” including a “condition of confinement that is sure or very

15 likely to cause serious illness and needless suffering the next week or month or year.”

16 Helling v. McKinney, 509 U.S. 25, 33 (1993). Constitutional violations therefore can

17 arise from “the exposure of inmates to a serious, communicable disease” even if “the

18 complaining inmate shows no serious current symptoms” and “even though the

19 possible infection might not affect all those exposed.” Id.; see also Castillo TRO, at

20 *4; Hutto v. Finney, 437 U.S. 678, 682–83, 687 (1978) (risk of exposing inmates to

21 communicable diseases such as hepatitis and venereal disease violates the Eighth

22 Amendment); DeGidio v. Pung, 920 F.2d 525, 526, 533 (8th Cir. 1990) (inadequate

23 screening and control procedures in response to tuberculosis outbreak violated the

24 Eighth Amendment).

25

Here, as this Court has already recognized, COVID-19 poses a substantial risk

26 of serious harm to Plaintiffs, and Defendants’ response to that imminent risk

27 constitutes reckless disregard for their safety. As this Court explained in its Castillo

28 TRO order, “[t]he law is clear”:

9

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 15 of 21 Page ID #:138

1

[T]he Government cannot put a civil detainee into a dangerous

2

situation, especially where that dangerous situation was created by the

Government. The Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment

3

prohibits the Government from exposing an individual to a danger

4

which he would not have otherwise faced. A civil detainee’s

constitutional rights are violated if a condition of his confinement

5

places him at substantial risk of suffering serious harm, such as the

6

harm caused by a pandemic.

7 Castillo TRO, at *6 (internal citations omitted). After carefully surveying the 8 conditions at Adelanto, this Court held that “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil 9 detainee cannot be subject to the current conditions of confinement at [the facility].” 10 Id. at *5. Relying on this holding, this Court has subsequently granted release to 11 more than two dozen additional detained individuals—recognizing the continuing

12 inadequacy of the conditions of confinement at Adelanto.

13

In its TRO orders, this Court noted at least four specific conditions that made

14 detainees at Adelanto vulnerable to COVID-19: (1) detainees were not kept “at least

15 6 feet apart from others at all times”; (2) they lived in “sleeping rooms housing four

16 or six detainees with shared sinks, toilets and showers”; (3) they had “meal times”

17 where they “line[d] up together, sometimes only inches apart, in the cafeteria”; and

18 (4) they were forced to interact with potentially infected guards who “regularly rotate 19 through the various holding areas several times a day” without protective equipment. 20 Castillo TRO, at *2; Fraihat TRO at *11, *4–5. None of these conditions have been 21 remedied, and Plaintiff is still subject to them. Plaintiff’s continued detention is

22 necessarily unlawful.

2. Defendants’ COVID-19 Response Subjects Plaintiff to

23

Punitive Conditions in Violation of the Fifth Amendment

24

The conditions of Plaintiff’s detention during the COVID-19 pandemic also

25 constitute impermissible punishment in violation of the Fifth Amendment’s Due

26 Process Clause. Plaintiff is a civil detainee, and as such is entitled to “more

27 considerate treatment” and may not be subjected to punitive conditions. See Jones

28 v. Blanas, 393 F.3d 918, 931 (9th Cir. 2004) (citing Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S.

10

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 16 of 21 Page ID #:139

1 307, 321–22 (1982)); cf. Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 536–37 (1979) (holding that

2 pretrial detainees may be held in custody “so long as those conditions and

3 restrictions [of confinement] do not amount to punishment”).

4

To establish a violation of the Fifth Amendment under this doctrine, plaintiffs

5 need not show that Respondents intended to subject them to punishment. See Pierce

6 v. Cty. of Orange, 526 F.3d 1190, 1205 (9th Cir. 2008). Rather, a rebuttable

7 presumption of punitiveness arises in two circumstances: (1) “where the individual

8 is detained under conditions identical to, similar to, or more restrictive than those

9 under which pretrial criminal detainees are held,” Jones, 393 F.3d at 934, or (2)

10 where those conditions “are employed to achieve objectives that could be

11 accomplished in so many alternative and less harsh methods,” id. at 932. If plaintiffs

12 establish one of these presumptions, “the burden shifts to the defendant to show (1)

13 legitimate, non-punitive interests justifying the conditions of [the detained person’s]

14 confinement and (2) that the restrictions imposed . . . [are] not excessive in relation

15 to these interests.” King v. County of Los Angeles, 885 F.3d 548, 557 (9th Cir. 2018)

16 (internal quotation marks omitted).

17

Here, Plaintiff is likely to establish that Defendants violated—and continue to

18 violate—Plaintiff’s constitutional rights. First, by systemically failing to implement

19 the only known effective practice to reduce the risk of contracting COVID-19—

20 effective social distancing—Defendants subjects Plaintiff to conditions that are

21 “more restrictive than those under which pretrial criminal detainees are held.” See

22 Jones, 393 F.3d at 934. Indeed, throughout the country, jails and prisons have

23 released hundreds of criminal detainees for this reason.10 In sharp contrast, the

24

25

10 See, e.g., US Jails Begin Releasing Prisoners to Stem COVID-19 Infections, BBC News (Mar. 19, 2020), https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-51947802;

26

Salvador Hernandez, Los Angeles is Releasing Inmates Early and Arresting Fewer People Over Fears of the Coronavirus in Jails, Buzzfeed News (Mar. 16, 2020,

27 4:39 PM),

https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/salvadorhernandez/los-angelescoronavirus-

28 inmates-early-release; Julia Marsh & Ben Feuerherd, NYC to release 40

11

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 17 of 21 Page ID #:140

1 limited measures in place at Adelanto all but assure a COVID-19 outbreak will one

2 day occur, and ICE has not sought to release any detainees at Adelanto based on the

3 threat of COVID-19 transmission.

4

Second, Plaintiff also satisfies Jones’s alternative test for establishing

5 unconstitutionally punitive conditions, because the “restrictions [imposed during the

6 COVID-19 outbreak] are ‘employed to achieve objectives that could be

7 accomplished in so many alternative and less harsh methods.’” See Torres v. U.S.

8 Dep’t of Homeland Sec., 411 F. Supp. 3d 1036, 1065 (C.D. Cal. 2019) (quoting

9 Jones, 393 F.3d at 932). As this Court explained in Castillo, “[t]he risk that” those

10 released from Adelanto “will flee, given the current global pandemic, is very low,

11 and reasonable conditions can be fashioned to ensure their future appearance at

12 deportation proceedings.” Castillo, 2020 WL 1502854, at *5.

13

ICE has a range of highly effective tools at its disposal to ensure that

14 individuals report for court hearings and other appointments, including conditions

15 of supervision. See Thaker v. Doll, Case No. 20-cv-00480, *20–*21 (M.D. Pa. Mar.

16 31, 2020) (noting “that ICE has a plethora of means other than physical detention at

17

18 coronavirus-prone inmates from Rikers as early as today, New York Post (Mar. 19,

2020),

https://nypost.com/2020/03/19/nyc-to-release-40-coronavirusprone-

19 inmates-from-rikers-as-early-as-today/; Ryan Autullo, Travis County Judges

Releasing Inmates to Limit Coronavirus Spread, Statesman (Mar. 16, 2020, 6:12

20 PM), https://www.statesman.com/news/20200316/travis-county-judges-releasing-

inmates-to-limit-coronavirus-spread; San Diego & Sheriff to Release Inmates to

21 Reduce Vulnerable Jail Population, CBS News 8 (Mar. 21, 2020, 11:33 AM),

https://www.cbs8.com/article/news/health/coronavirus/san-diego-da-sheriff-to-

22 release-inmates-to-reduce-vulnerable-jail-population/509-75730ca5-445a-4811-

9024-6aeb1d9c2777; Letter from Mike McGrath, Chief Just., Sup. Ct. of Mont., to

23 Mont.

Dist.

Ct.

Judges

(Mar.

20,

2020),

https://courts.mt.gov/Portals/189/virus/Ltr%20to%20COLJ%20Judges%20re%20C

24 OVID-19%20032020.pdf?ver=2020-03-20-115517-333; Ryan Deto & Ollie

Gratzinger, Allegheny County Jail plans to release some medically vulnerable

25 inmates, but advocacy groups say it's not enough, Pittsburgh City Paper (Mar. 19,

2020), https://www.pghcitypaper.com/pittsburgh/allegheny-county-jail-plans-to-

26 releasesome-medically-vulnerable-inmates-but-advocacy-groups-say-its-

notenough/Content?oid=16978582; Cook County Jail Releases Detainees “Highly

27 Vulnerable” to Coronavirus, NBC Chicago (Mar. 17,2020),

https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/cookcounty-jail-releases-detainees-

28 highly-vulnerable-to-coronavirus/2238813/.

12

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 18 of 21 Page ID #:141

1 their disposal by which they may monitor civil detainees and ensure that they are

2 present at removal proceedings, including remote monitoring and remote check-

3 ins”); Decl. of Andrew Lorenzen-Strait in Supp. of Mot. for TRO ¶ 15 Robles

4 Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS (C.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020), ECF

5 No. 22 (noting that a “government-contracted evaluation of [ICE’s Intensive

6 Supervision Appearance Program11] reported a 99% attendance rate at all

7 immigration court hearings and a 95% attendance rate at final hearings”). For

8 example, ICE’s conditional supervision program, called ISAP (Intensive

9 Supervision Appearance Program), “relies on the use of electronic ankle monitors,

10 biometric voice recognition software, unannounced home visits, employer

11 verification, and in-person reporting to supervise participants to ensure supervision.”

12 Id. at 19. That program is so effective that a “government-contracted evaluation of

13 this program reported a 99% attendance rate at all immigration court hearings.” Id.

14 Under the circumstances, there is no reasonable basis to continue Plaintiff’s

15 confinement during the height of the pandemic.

16

3. The Court Has Authority to Order Plaintiff’s Release

17

As this Court recognized in Castillo, Plaintiffs’ immediate release is within

18 this Court’s power. “Federal courts possess whatever powers are necessary to

19 remedy constitutional violations because they are charged with protecting these

20 rights.” Stone v. City & Cty. of San Francisco, 968 F.2d 850, 861 (9th Cir. 1992).

21 As a result, “[w]hen necessary to ensure compliance with a constitutional mandate,

22 courts may enter orders placing limits on a prison’s population.” Brown v. Plata,

23 563 U.S. 493, 511 (2011). This falls within the Court’s broad power to fashion

24 equitable remedies to address constitutional violations in government confinement.

25 Hutto, 437 U.S. at 687 n.9. Moreover, as this Court has explained, “[t]he risk that

26 11 The Intensive Supervision Appearance Program, or ISAP, “relies on the use of
27 electronic ankle monitors, biometric voice recognition software, unannounced home visits, employer verification, and in-person reporting to supervise participants.”
28 Decl. of Andrew Lorenzen-Strait in Supp. of Mot. for TRO ¶ 15, Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS (C.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020), ECF No. 22.

13

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 19 of 21 Page ID #:142

1 [Plaintiffs], here, will flee, given the current global pandemic, is very low, and

2 reasonable conditions can be fashioned to ensure their future appearance at

3 deportation proceedings.” Castillo TRO, at *5. It will be safer for everyone –

4 Plaintiff, Adelanto detainees and staff, and the surrounding community – if Plaintiff

5 is released.

6

B. Plaintiff Satisfies the Remaining Factors for a Temporary

Restraining Order

7

1. Exposure to a Lethal Virus Which Lacks Any Vaccine,

8

Treatment, or Cure Constitutes Irreparable Harm

9

As this Court explained in Castillo and Fraihat, “[i]t is well established that

10 the deprivation of constitutional rights unquestionably constitutes irreparable

11 injury.” Castillo TRO, at *6 (citing Hernandez v. Sessions, 872 F.3d 976, 994 (9th

12 Cir. 2017)), Fraihat TRO at *11 (citing same). That alone satisfies this factor.

13

Moreover, the Ninth Circuit recently recognized that dangerous and unsafe

14 conditions of detention, such as those Plaintiff faces, also constitute irreparable harm

15 supporting injunctive relief. Padilla v. U.S. Immigration & Customs Enforcement,

16 No. 19-35565, 2020 WL 1482393, at *9 (9th Cir. Mar. 27, 2020) (recognizing that

17 “substandard physical conditions, [and] low standards of medical care” in

18 immigration detention constitute irreparable harm justifying injunctive relief). And

19 the Ninth Circuit has also recognized that there is irreparable harm where

20 government actions threaten to worsen an individual’s health. See M.R. v. Dreyfus,

21 663 F.3d 1100, 1111 (9th Cir. 2011), as amended by 697 F.3d 706 (9th Cir 2012).

22 Each of these reasons supports immediate relief here. The fatality rate for people

23 infected with COVID-19 is estimated to be more than thirty times higher than the 24 seasonal flu.12 For those who survive, infection can permanently damage the lungs

25 and other major organs. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 22. Once COVID-19 is introduced into a

26 congregate environment like a detention center, it spreads “like wildfire.” Greifinger

27 12 Jo Craven McGinty, Why Doesn’t Flu Tank Economy Like Covid-19?, Wall Street
28 Journal (Apr. 10, 2020), https://www.wsj.com/articles/why-doesnt-flu-tankeconomy-like-covid-19-11586511000.

14

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 20 of 21 Page ID #:143

1 Decl. ¶ 13; Schneberk Decl. ¶ 42. And the risk is getting closer. Experts have

2 concluded that “[e]ach day we wait to act increases the danger of serious illness or

3 death due to COVID-19 for not only detainees and staff at Adelanto, but for millions

4 of Southern Californians.” Schneberk Decl. ¶ 43; see Greifinger Decl. ¶¶ 19, 23.

5 There is no serious dispute the irreparable harm factor is satisfied.

6

2. The Public Interest and Balance of Equities Weigh Heavily

in Plaintiff’s Favor

7

Here, as in the cases where this Court has already granted relief, “[t]he balance

8 of the equities tip sharply in favor” of Plaintiff. Castillo TRO, at *6, Fraihat TRO

9 at *11. While plaintiffs “face irreparable harm to their constitutional rights and

10 health,” “there is no harm to the Government when a court prevents the Government

11 from engaging in unlawful practices.” Castillo TRO, at *6, Fraihat TRO at *11.

12 Indeed, “[f]aced with . . . preventable human suffering, [the Ninth Circuit] ha[s] little

13 difficulty concluding that the balance of hardships tips decidedly in plaintiffs’

14 favor.” Hernandez, 872 F.3d at 996 (quoting Lopez v. Heckler, 713 F.2d 1432, 1437

15 (9th Cir. 1983)).

16

Moreover, it is in both the Defendants’ and the broader public interest to

17 reduce the threat of an imminent COVID-19 outbreak at Adelanto. ICE has an

18 interest in preventing any potential spread of COVID-19 in its detention facility,

19 which may then affect guards, visitors, attorneys, and others who may potentially

20 interact with detainees. And an outbreak of COVID-19 at Adelanto would doubtless

21 put significant pressure on or exceed the capacity of local health infrastructure.

22 Greifinger Decl. ¶ 14; see Schneberk Decl. ¶ 26. As this Court succinctly explained:

23

The public has a critical interest in preventing the further spread of the

24

coronavirus. An outbreak at Adelanto would, further, endanger all of us

25

– Adelanto detainees, Adelanto employees, residents of San Bernardino County, residents of the State of California, and our nation as a whole.

26 Castillo TRO, at *6.

27

28

15

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 8-1 Filed 04/13/20 Page 21 of 21 Page ID #:144

1

Thus, Plaintiff’s release would not only impose minimal harm to the

2 government, it would also reduce the healthcare and economic burden on the local

3 community and health infrastructure at large.

4 V. CONCLUSION

5

The Court should grant Plaintiff’s motion for a temporary restraining and

6 direct Plaintiffs’ immediate release from Adelanto.

7

8 Dated: April 13, 2020

Respectfully submitted,

9

10

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

11

/s/ Amanda Barnett

12

AMANDA BARNETT

Counsel for Plaintiffs

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

16

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 2 Page ID #:151

1

SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841)

2

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com

aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN

3

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW

(SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org

4

Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347)

5

Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201

jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO

6

(SBN 321939) AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046) mcho@aclusocal.org

7

amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)

ACLU Foundation of Southern California

8

jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017

9

355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560

Telephone: (213) 977-9500

10

Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763

11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

13

14

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA,

)

17 BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO

) ADELANTO COVID

CHAVEZ, on behalf of themselves and 18 others similarly situated,

19

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

) ) ) )

PETITIONERS’-PLAINTIFFS’ NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION FOR PRELIMINARY

) INJUNCTION

20 21

v. CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S.

) ) )

PROPOSED HEARING DATE: APRIL 22, 2020

Department of Homeland Security;

)

22 MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy

)

Director and Senior Official Performing )

23 the Duties of the Director, U.S.

)

Immigration and Customs Enforcement; )

24 DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

25 Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration )

and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES )

26 JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE

)

Processing Center,

)

27

)

Respondents-Defendants.

28

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 2 Page ID #:152

1

TO ALL PARTIES AND THEIR ATTORNEYS OF RECORD: PLEASE

2 TAKE NOTICE that, on April 22, 2020,1 or at the nearest available date at which

3 counsel may be heard, Plaintiffs-Petitioners Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Miguel

4 Aguilar Estrada, and Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez (“Plaintiffs”) will, and hereby

5 do, move this Court to grant a preliminary injunction to enjoin Defendants to

6 institute social distancing to maintain six feet between all Adelanto detainees at all

7 times, including by reducing the population of the Facility to a level that permits

8 adequate social distancing.

9

The Motion is based on this Notice of Motion, the accompanying

10 Memorandum of Points and Authorities, the supporting declarations, all pleadings

11 and papers filed in this action, and such additional papers and arguments as may be

12 presented at or in connection with the hearing.

13

Plaintiffs have simultaneously filed an Ex Parte Application to Expedite

14 Hearing on this Motion. On April 13, 2020 at 10:13am Plaintiffs informed Assistant

15 United States Attorneys Joanne Osinoff, Daniel Beck, and Hillary Burrelle via email

16 of their intent to file this Motion and inquired about their availability to meet and

17 confer. The United States Attorney’s Office informed Plaintiffs that they intend to

18 oppose this motion and were available to confer on April 14, 2020.

19

20 DATED: April 13, 2020

Respectfully submitted,

21

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

22

23

/s/ Amanda Barnett

AMANDA BARNETT

24

Counsel for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

25

26

27

28 1 Plaintiffs have proposed this date in their simultaneously filed Ex Parte Application to Expedite Hearing.

1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 33 Page ID #:153

1

SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841)

2

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com

aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN

3

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW

(SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org

4

Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347)

5

Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201

jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO

6

(SBN 321939) AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046) mcho@aclusocal.org

7

amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)

ACLU Foundation of Southern California

8

jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017

9

355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560

Telephone: (213) 977-9500

10

Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763

11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

14 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, BEATRIZ ) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

15 ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL

)

16 AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves ) ADELANTO COVID

and all others similarly situated,

)

17

) MEMORANDUM OF

18 19 v.

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

) POINTS AND ) AUTHORITIES IN ) SUPPORT OF

20

) EMERGENCY MOTION

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S.

) FOR PRELIMINARY

21 Department of Homeland Security; MATTHEW ) INJUNCTION

22 T. ALBENCE, Deputy Director and Senior ) Official Performing the Duties of the Director, )
23 U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; )

24 DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los Angeles )

Field Office, Enforcement and Removal

)

25 Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs )

26 Enforcement; and JAMES JANECKA, Warden, )

27 Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

)

28 Respondents-Defendants.

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 33 Page ID #:154

1 2 3 I.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 1

4 II. FACTS ............................................................................................................. 4

5

A. COVID-19 Poses Grave Risk of Harm to Plaintiffs. ............................ 4

6

B. Plaintiffs Face an Imminent and Substantial Risk of Contracting

7

COVID-19 in Adelanto. ........................................................................ 6

8

C. Adequate Social Distancing Is Impossible At Current Population

9

Levels Within Adelanto ........................................................................ 8

10 III. LEGAL STANDARD ................................................................................... 11

11 IV. ARGUMENT................................................................................................. 12

12

A. Plaintiffs are Likely to Succeed on the Merits....................................13

13

14

1. Plaintiffs’ Continued Detention at Adelanto Violates Their Fifth Amendment Right to Reasonable Safety in

15

Government Custody. ............................................................... 13

16

2. Remedies Short Of Social Distancing Are Inadequate To

17

Protect Detainees Constitutional Rights ................................... 15

18

B. Plaintiffs Satisfy the Remaining Factors for Preliminary Injunction . 19

19

1. Exposure to a Lethal Virus Which Lacks Any Vaccine,

20

Treatment, or Cure Constitutes Irreparable Harm. ................... 19

21 22 23 24 25 V.

2. Public Interest and Balance of Equities Weigh Heavily in Plaintiffs’ Favor. ....................................................................... 20
C. A Comprehensive Response to the Constitutional Violations at Adelanto is Necessary. ........................................................................ 23
CONCLUSION ............................................................................................. 25

26

27

28 i

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 3 of 33 Page ID #:155

1

TABLE OF AUTHORITIES

2

Page(s)

3

CASES

4 All. for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell,

5

632 F.3d 1127 (9th Cir. 2011) ................................................................................. 11

6 Bogle v. Barr,

7

Case No. EDCV 20-00650 TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 12 ................... 3

8

Brown v. Plata, 563 U.S. 493 (2011)................................................................................................. 13

9

10

Castillo v. Barr, Case No. 5:20-cv-00605-TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 7, 2020), ECF No. 37 .................... 23

11 Castillo v. Barr,

12

Case No. CV2000605TJHAFMX, 2020 WL 1502864 (C.D. Cal. Mar.

13

27, 2020) ........................................................................................................... passim

14 DeGidio v. Pung,

15

920 F.2d 525 (8th Cir. 1990) ................................................................................... 14

16

DeShaney v. Winnebago Cty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 489 U.S. 189 (1989)................................................................................................. 13

17

18

Fraihat v. Wolf, Case No. ED-CV2000590-TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 6, 2020), ECF No. 20.................. 21

19 Fraihat v. Wolf,

20

Case No. ED-CV2000590-TJH (C.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020) ........ 3, 12, 15, 18, 19, 20

21 Gordon v. Cty. of Orange,

22

888 F.3d 1118 (9th Cir. 2018) ................................................................................. 13

23 Helling v. McKinney,

24

509 U.S. 25 (1993)............................................................................................... 2, 14

25 Hernandez v. City of San Jose,

26

897 F.3d 1125 (9th Cir. 2018) ................................................................................. 13

27 Hernandez v. Cty. of Monterey, 305 F.R.D. 132 (N.D. Cal. 2015) ............................................................................ 13
28

ii

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 4 of 33 Page ID #:156

1

Hernandez v. Sessions, 872 F.3d 976 (9th Cir. 2017) ....................................................................... 19, 20, 21

2

3

Hernandez v. Wolf, Case No. EDCV 20-00617 TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 1, 2020), ECF No. 17 ................... 3

4 Hutto v. Finney,

5

437 U.S. 678 (1978)................................................................................................. 14

6 Lopez v. Heckler,

7

713 F.2d 1432 (9th Cir. 1983) ................................................................................. 20

8 M.R. v. Dreyfus,

9

663 F.3d 1100 (9th Cir. 2011), as amended by 697 F.3d 706 (9th Cir 2012) ........................................................................................................................ 19

10

11

Munoz v. Wolf, Case No. EDCV 20-00625 TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 2, 2020), ECF No. 14 ................... 3

12 Nguyen v. Marin,

13

Case No. EDCV 20-00646 TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 10 ................... 3

14 Ortuno v. Jennings,

15

Case No. 20-2064 MMC (N.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020), ECF No. 25 ......................... 21

16 Padilla v. U.S. Immigration & Customs Enforcement,

17

Case No. 19-35565, 2020 WL 1482393 (9th Cir. Mar. 27, 2020) .......................... 19

18 Perez Cruz v. Barr,

19

Case No. EDCV 20-00668 TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 8 ..................... 3

20 Pimentel v. Dreyfus, 670 F.3d 1096 (9th Cir. 2012) ................................................................................. 11
21

22

Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-CV-00527 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020) ECF Nos. 35-39,

23

42-43 .......................................................................................................................... 3

24 Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf,

25

Case No. 5:20-cv-00627-TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 8, 2020), ECF No. 45 ...................... 8

26 Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf,

27

Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS, ECF No. 22 ........................................................ 22

28 Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS, ECF No. 23-1 ....................................................... 6

iii

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 5 of 33 Page ID #:157

1

Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS, ECF No. 28 ........................................................ 21

2

3

Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS, ECF No. 45-1 ................................................... 7, 8

4 Savino v. Sousa,

5

Case No. 20-cv-10617-WGY (D. Mass. Apr. 8, 2020), ECF No. 64 ................. 3, 23

6 Singh v. Barr,

7

Case No. EDCV 20-00653 TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 11 ................... 3

8 Sudney v. Wolf,

9

Case No. EDCV 20-00626 TJH (C.D. Cal. Apr. 2, 2020), ECF No. 12 ................... 3

10 Thaker v. Doll,

11

Case No. 20-cv-00480 (M.D. Pa. Mar. 31, 2020), ECF No. 47........................ 21, 22

12

Thaker v. Doll, Case No. 20-cv-00480 (M.D. Pa. Mar. 29, 2020), ECF No. 35.............................. 21

13

14

Thompson v. Tsoukaris, Case No. 1:20-cv-01449-SDG (N.D. Ga. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 4-20 ................ 11

15 Torres v. Nielsen,

16

Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal), Dkt. No. 127-1 ................................................7-8

17 Unknown Parties v. Johnson,

18

Case No. CV-15-00250-TUC-DCB, 2016 WL 8188563 (D. Ariz.

19

Nov. 18, 2016), aff’d sub nom. Doe v. Kelly, 878 F.3d 710 (9th Cir. 2017) ........................................................................................................................ 14

20

Winter v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc.,

21

555 U.S. 7 (2008)..................................................................................................... 11

22 Youngberg v. Romeo,

23

457 U.S. 307 (1982)................................................................................................. 13

24

REGULATIONS

25 Cal. Exec. Order N-36-20 (March 24, 2020), https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-

26

content/uploads/2020/03/3.24.20-EO-N-36-20.pdf; ................................................. 1

27

CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS

28 Fifth Amendment .............................................................................................. 12, 14, 24

iv

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 6 of 33 Page ID #:158

1 Eighth Amendment ................................................................................................. 13, 14

2

OTHER AUTHORITIES

3 Alicia Lee, These States Have Implemented Stay-At-Home Orders.

4

Here’s What That Means for You., CNN (Mar. 26, 2020), https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/23/us/coronavirus-which-states-stay-at-

5

home-ordertrnd/index.html...................................................................................... 18

6 CDCR announces plan to further protect staff and inmates from the

7

spread of COVID-19 in state prisons, California Department of

8

Corrections and Rehabilitation (Mar. 31, 2020), https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/news/2020/03/31/cdcr-announces-plan-to-

9

further-protect-staff-and-inmates-from-the-spread-of-covid-19-in-

10

state-prisons/ .............................................................................................................. 1

11

Chris Mooney, Brady Dennis and Sarah Kaplan, Hundreds of young Americans have now been killed by the coronavirus, data shows,

12

Washington Post (Apr. 8, 2020),

13

https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/04/08/young-peoplecoronavirus-deaths/.................................................................................................... 5

14

15

Coronavirus 2019, San Bernardino County, http://wp.sbcounty.gov/dph/coronavirus (last visited Apr. 13, 2020)................. 4, 12

16 Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Centers for Disease Control and

17

Prevention, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/index.html

18

(last visited Apr. 13, 2020) ........................................................................................ 1

19 COVID-19, California Department of Public Health,

20

https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/Immunization/ ncov2019.aspx (updated Apr. 13, 2020) ................................................................... 4

21 Ctrs. for Disease Control, 5 Surprising Facts About High Blood Pressure,

22

https://www.cdc.gov/features/highbloodpressure/index.html (last

23

visited Apr. 13, 2020) ................................................................................................ 5

24 Ctrs. for Disease Control and Prevention,

25

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/cases-inus.html (last visited Apr. 13, 2020) ....................................................................... 1, 4

26

27

Health Coverage of Immigrants, Kaiser Family Foundation (Mar. 18, 2020), https://www.kff.org/disparities-policy/fact-sheet/health-

28

coverage-of-immigrants/ ........................................................................................... 5

v

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 7 of 33 Page ID #:159

1

Jennifer Tolbert et al., Key Facts about the Uninsured Population, Kaiser Family Foundation (Dec. 13, 2019),

2

https://www.kff.org/uninsured/issue-brief/key-facts-about-the-

3

uninsured-population/ ................................................................................................ 5

4 Jo Craven McGinty, Why Doesn’t Flu Tank Economy Like Covid-19?,

5

Wall Street Journal (Apr. 10, 2020), https://www.wsj.com/articles/why-doesnt-flu-tank-economy-like-

6

covid-19-11586511000............................................................................................ 19

7 March 16, 2020 Guidance, California Department of Public Health,

8

https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID19/RetailFoodBeverageandOtherRelatedServiceVenues.aspx ............................... 17

9

10

Melissa Davey, What is a pandemic and does it change the approach to coronavirus?, The Guardian (Mar. 14, 2020),

11

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/14/what-is-a-

12

pandemic-coronavirus-covid-19 ................................................................................ 4

13

Paige St. John, California to release 3,500 inmates early as coronavirus spreads inside prisons, L.A. Times (Mar. 31, 2020)

14

https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-31/coronavirus-

15

california-release-3500-inmates-prisons ................................................................. 22

16 Sarah Mervosh et al., Which States and Cities Have Told Residents to

17

Stay at Home, N.Y. Times (updated Apr. 7, 2020), https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/us/coronavirus-stay-at-

18

home-order.html ........................................................................................................ 1

19 The President’s Coronavirus Guidelines for America – 30 Days to Slow

20

the Spread (Mar. 16, 2020), https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-

content/uploads/2020/03/03.16.20_coronavirus-

21

guidance_8.5x11_315PM.pdf.................................................................................... 8

22 Recommendation Regarding the Use of Cloth Face Coverings, Especially

23

in Areas of Significant Community-Based Transmission, Centers for

24

Disease Control and Prevention (last updated Apr. 3, 2020), https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-

25

sick/cloth-face-cover.html ................................................................................... 8, 17

26 Responses to COVID-19 pandemic, Prison Policy Initiative (Apr. 10,

27

2020) (collecting instances where jails and prisons have released

detainees due to COVID-19),

28

https://www.prisonpolicy.org/virus/virusresponse.html#releases..................... 11, 23

vi

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 8 of 33 Page ID #:160

1

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Confirmed Cases, ICE Guidance on COVID-19 (last updated Apr. 13, 2020, 11:43 a.m.),

2

https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus..................................................................... 2, 7, 20

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

vii

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 9 of 33 Page ID #:161

1 I. INTRODUCTION

2

As this Court knows, the United States currently faces a health crisis unlike any

3 it has encountered in over one hundred years. The COVID-19 pandemic has to date

4 infected more than 500 thousand people in this country, and killed over twenty

5 thousand.1

6

In the face of this unprecedented threat, the CDC has recommended that

7 individuals maintain a distance of six feet at all times and use face coverings whenever

8 in public places.2 95 percent of Americans—about 316 million people—have been

9 ordered by their governors and mayors to stay at home to implement that guidance.3

10 Prisons in California and across the country have taken drastic steps to reduce the

11 detained population, recognizing the mortal danger posed by COVID-19 to those in

12 close confinement.4

13

Yet, as the institutions of American life dramatically alter their existing

14 practices, the United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (“ICE”) stands

15 virtually alone in defying the medical and societal consensus. In filing after filing

16 before this Court, the Government has maintained that it is not required to implement

17 social distancing to prevent the spread of COVID-19 among civil detainees. It

18 maintains it can keep immigrants in its custody safe just by improving sanitation

19 protocols, testing and isolating individuals after they exhibit symptoms, and taking

20

21

1 See Cases in U.S., Ctrs. for Disease Control and Prevention, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/cases-in-us.html (last

22 visited Apr. 13, 2020).

23

2 See Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), How to Protect Yourself and Others, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-

24

ncov/prevent-getting-sick/prevention.html (last visited Apr. 13, 2020). 3 Sarah Mervosh, et al., See Which States and Cities Have Told Residents to Stay at

25 Hhtotpmse:/,/wNw.Yw. .Tnyimtimese(su.cpodmat/eidntAerparc.ti7v,e2/2002200),/us/coronavirus-stay-at-home-order.html.

26 4 See Cal. Exec. Order N-36-20 (March 24, 2020), https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-

27

content/uploads/2020/03/3.24.20-EO-N-36-20.pdf; CDCR announces plan to further protect staff and inmates from the spread of COVID-19 in state prisons, California

28

Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (Mar. 31, 2020), https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/news/2020/03/31/cdcr-announces-plan-to-further-protect-

staff-and-inmates-from-the-spread-of-covid-19-in-state-prisons/.

1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 10 of 33 Page ID #:162

1 other measures short of what the CDC and governments at all levels have imposed on

2 everyone else.

3

This Court has already recognized that ICE’s position is flawed, ruling that

4 “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil detainee cannot be subject to the current

5 conditions of confinement at Adelanto.” Castillo v. Barr (“Castillo TRO”), Case No.

6 CV 20-00605 TJH (AFMx), 2020 WL 1502864, at *5 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 27, 2020)

7 (citing Helling v. McKinney, 509 U.S. 25, 32 (1993)). Dr. Todd Schneberk, a board

8 certified emergency medicine physician and assistant professor of clinical emergency

9 medicine at the University of Southern California, has concurred, stating that “[f]rom

10 a public health perspective, the only effective action to combat COVID-19 at Adelanto

11 that is practically available at this time would be to implement social distancing.”

12 Decl. of Dr. Todd Schneberk (“Schneberk Decl.”) ¶ 39. And as Dr. Robert Greifinger,

13 a physician with thirty years of experience in medical care for detained populations,

14 has further explained, “[s]ocial distancing . . . will be impossible in Adelanto without

15 significant downsizing.” Decl. of Dr. Robert B. Greifinger (“Greifinger Decl.”) ¶ 25.

16 Accordingly, “[r]elease is the most important means of mitigating the spread of

17 COVID-19” at the facility. Id. ¶ 24; see also id. ¶¶ 26–27 (explaining why social

18 distancing is impossible under current conditions at Adelanto).

19

This Court’s system-wide intervention is urgently needed. Just one week ago,

20 there was only one confirmed case of COVID-19 in the entire ICE detention system.

21 Today, ICE has announced there are confirmed cases at over two dozen facilities.5

22 COVID-19 is assuredly coming to Adelanto. And “[i]f authorities wait until an

23 outbreak occurs to release detainees, it will be far too late. . . The outbreak will spread

24 like wildfire among detainees who are trapped in the facility in concentrated

25 numbers.” Schneberk Decl. ¶ 45.

26

27

5 See U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Confirmed Cases, ICE Guidance on COVID-19 (last updated Apr. 13, 2020, 11:43 a.m.),

28 https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus (click on “Confirmed Cases”).

2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 11 of 33 Page ID #:163

1

Understanding this imminent danger, this Court has ordered the immediate

2 release of at least two dozen individuals and placed them under appropriate conditions

3 of confinement outside of Adelanto.6 That individualized relief has safeguarded those

4 detainees’ fundamental rights and may have even saved their lives.

5

Many more individual claims are likely to follow. But individualized habeas

6 relief for the over 1,300 detainees at Adelanto will be an enormous tax on this Court’s

7 resources, will likely take too long and would, at best, result in constitutional rights

8 turning on the happenstance of whether a detainee has access to a lawyer, or on their

9 language skills and education level. That is fundamentally unfair. The appropriate

10 remedy for the system-wide crisis at Adelanto is not a flood of individual habeas

11 petitions, but system-wide relief for all those whose rights are being violated.

12

Plaintiffs thus propose that this Court issue an injunction to implement a

13 truncated system for considering Proposed Class Members’ claims for relief, similar

14 to the one now utilized for ICE detainees in the District of Massachusetts. See Savino

15 v. Sousa, Mem. & Order at 28, 29, Case No. 20-cv-10617-WGY (D. Mass. Apr. 8,

16

17

6 Castillo v. Barr (“Castillo TRO”), Case No. CV 20-00605 TJH (AFMx), 2020 WL 1502864, at *11 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 27, 2020) (ordering two detainees released); TRO

18

and Order to Show Cause at CV2000590-TJH (C.D. Cal.

1M2a, rF. r3a0i,h2a0t 2v0. )W(oolrfd(e“rFinrgaiahadtetTaRinOee”)r,eCleaasseedN)o; .TERDO-

and

19

Order to Show Cause at 14, Hernandez v. Wolf (“Hernandez TRO”), Case No. EDCV 20-00617 TJH (KSx), (C.D. Cal. Apr. 1, 2020), ECF No. 17; TRO and Order

20 tCoaSl.hAowpr.C2a,u2s0e2a0t)2, ,ESCuFdnNeoy.v1.2W; TolRf,OCaansedNOord. eErDtoCVSh2o0w-0C0a6u2s6eTaJtH2,(MSHunKoxz),v.(CW.Dol.f,

21

Case No. EDCV 20-00625 TJH (SHKx), (C.D. Cal. Apr. 2, 2020), ECF No. 14; Robles Rodriguez, Case No. 5:20-CV-00527 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020) ECF Nos. 35-

22

39, 42-43 (granting temporary restraining orders on behalf of six Adelanto detainees); TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Perez Cruz v. Barr, Case No. EDCV

23

20-00668 TJH, (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 8; TRO and Order to Show Cause at 2, Singh v. Barr, Case No. EDCV 20-00653 TJH, (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF

24 N00o6.4161;TTJHR,O(Can.Dd.OCradle. rAtoprS. h3o, w20C20a)u,sEeCatF2N, No.g1u0y;enTRv.OMaanrdinO, rCdaesretoNSoh. oEwDCCVau2se0-at

25

2, Bogle v. Barr, Case No. EDCV 20-00650 TJH, (C.D. Cal. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 12; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Eyere v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00700-TJH-

26 MMoAnAto(yCa.vD..WCoallf.,ACpars.e9N, 2o0. 250:2),0E-cCvF-0N07o1.317(T; JTHR)O(Ca.nDd.OCradle. rAtporS. 1h0o,w20C2a0u)s,eE, CYaFnez

27 cNvo-.01017;1T2R(TOJHan)d(CO.Drd.eCr taol.SAhporw. 1C0a, u2s0e2,0H),eErnCaFndNeoz.A1r4e;vTalRoOv.aWndolOf,rCdearsetoNSoh.o5w:20-

28

Cause, Zendejas Lopez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00702 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 8, 2020), ECF No. 12; TRO and Order to Show Cause, Moreno v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-

cv-00718 (TJH) (C.D. Cal. Apr. 9, 2020), ECF No. 13.

3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 12 of 33 Page ID #:164

1 2020), ECF No. 64. Such an approach would allow this Court to assess the individual

2 circumstances of detainees at Adelanto, and craft appropriate conditions of release, as

3 it has done in the habeas petitions it has already granted. But it would also allow for a

4 systematic and expeditious process that fairly adjudicates and vindicates the rights of

5 all those who need relief.

6

Alternatively, the Court could establish a different system for class-wide relief,

7 or otherwise mandate that ICE implement the social distancing measures necessary to

8 protect the vulnerable individuals within its care. What is critical is that the systemic

9 crisis at Adelanto is addressed at the systemic level. For many of the detainees

10 currently trapped at the facility, the Government’s refusal to act will be a death

11 sentence. It is this Court’s profound responsibility to intervene. Both the Constitution

12 and common decency demand nothing less.

13 II. FACTS

14

A. COVID-19 Poses Grave Risk of Harm to Plaintiffs.

15

COVID-19 is a deadly pandemic. In the United States alone, there are 554,849

16 cases and 21,942 confirmed deaths,7 and in California more than 22,348 cases and 687

17 confirmed deaths.8 In San Bernardino County, COVID-19 diagnoses have increased

18 exponentially with no end in sight. This Court noted on March 27, 2020 that the

19 number of confirmed cases in San Bernardino County has “tripled over the past five

20 days.” Castillo TRO at *5. As of April 13, 2020, there are 977 identified COVID-19

21 cases in San Bernardino County, and 31 deaths—over 500% more cases since the

22 Court’s observation in Castillo.9

23

24

7 See Cases in U.S., Ctrs. for Disease Control and Prevention, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/cases-in-us.html (last

25 visited Apr. 13, 2020).

26

8 See COVID-19, California Department of Public Health, https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/Immunization/ncov2019.aspx

27

(updated Apr. 13, 2020). 9 Coronavirus 2019, San Bernardino County,

28 http://wp.sbcounty.gov/dph/coronavirus/ (last visited Apr. 13, 2020).

4

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 13 of 33 Page ID #:165

1

Nearly every adult appears to be at risk of infection.10 Although certain

2 characteristics such as advanced age or underlying health conditions exacerbate the

3 risk of death or serious illness from COVID-19, early CDC data shows nearly 40% of

4 COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the U.S. have been between the ages of 18 and 54.

5 Schneberk Decl. ¶¶ 14, 16. In New York, approximately one-third of the patients

6 between the ages of 30 and 39 who died from COVID-19 did not appear to have any

7 risk factors, Schneberk Decl. ¶ 17, and physicians treating COVID-19 have noted the

8 “randomness” with regard to which young people are unable to survive contraction of

9 the illness.11

10

Moreover, many individuals have risk factors that have not been diagnosed. For

11 example, the CDC has stated that about 11 million adults in the U.S. have high blood

12 pressure but do not know it.12 Under-diagnosis of risk factors is particularly likely

13 among Plaintiffs and other detainees at Adelanto, who are part of a population that

14 often lacks adequate access to healthcare. Among the nonelderly population, 23% of

15 lawfully present immigrants and more than four in ten (45%) undocumented

16 immigrants were uninsured as of March 2020, compared to less than one in ten (9%)

17 citizens,13 and the lack of health insurance often results in a failure to identify chronic

18 diseases or other health conditions.14 See also Schneberk Decl. ¶ 15 (noting that

19

20 10 See Melissa Davey, What is a pandemic and does it change the approach to

21 chottrposn:/a/wviwruws?.t,hTeghueaGrduiaarnd.icaonm(/Mwaorr.ld1/42,022002/m0)a,r/14/what-is-a-pandemic-coronavirus-

22

covid-19. 11 Chris Mooney, Brady Dennis and Sarah Kaplan, Hundreds of young Americans

23

have now been killed by the coronavirus, data shows, Washington Post (Apr. 8, 2020), https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/04/08/young-people-

24 coronavirus-deaths/.

25

12 Centers for Disease Control, 5 Surprising Facts About High Blood Pressure, https://www.cdc.gov/features/highbloodpressure/index.html (last visited Apr. 13,

26

2020). 13 Health Coverage of Immigrants, Kaiser Family Foundation (Mar. 18, 2020),

27 https://www.kff.org/disparities-policy/fact-sheet/health-coverage-of-immigrants/.

28

14 Jennifer Tolbert et al., Key Facts about the Uninsured Population, Kaiser Family Foundation (Dec. 13, 2019), https://www.kff.org/uninsured/issue-brief/key-facts-

about-the-uninsured-population/.

5

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 14 of 33 Page ID #:166

1 individuals without consistent access to healthcare may not be aware of pre-existing

2 conditions that render them high-risk for COVID-19).

3

There is no vaccine, antiviral treatment, or cure for COVID-19. The disease is

4 believed to spread through “droplets” that can be transmitted during close

5 interpersonal contact of about six feet as well as through touching surfaces

6 contaminated by respiratory droplets produced by a sick person. See Greifinger Decl.

7 ¶ 5; Schneberk Decl. ¶¶ 7–8. And evidence shows individuals infected with COVID-

8 19 can transmit it to others even if they have no symptoms. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 9.

9

Because of its highly contagious nature, the only known effective measure to

10 reduce the risk of injury or death from COVID-19 is to prevent people from being

11 infected in the first place. Greifinger Decl. ¶ 4. In the absence of a comprehensive

12 testing regime, “social distancing,” or maintaining six feet of separation at all times

13 from other people, is the only effective means of stopping the spread of the disease in

14 the long run. Greifinger Decl. ¶ 4; Schneberk Decl. ¶ 39.

15

B. Plaintiffs Face an Imminent and Substantial Risk of Contracting

16

COVID-19 in Adelanto.

17

Dr. Greifinger explains that “[j]ails and detention centers are congregate

18 environments where the risk of infection and infectious spread is extraordinarily

19 high.” Greifinger Decl. ¶ 12. At Adelanto, as in other similar environments, there is a

20 heightened risk of infection due to the lack of adequate hygiene and the inability of

21 detainees to practice social distancing. Id. ¶¶ 13–15; see also Schneberk Decl. ¶ 38

22 (“Because of the structure and conditions at Adelanto, detainees face a dramatically

23 reduced ability to protect themselves by social distancing than they would in the

24 community, and therefore face a significantly higher risk of being exposed to and

25 infected by contagious diseases like COVID-19.”).

26

Defendants’ own medical subject matter experts have recognized that

27 conditions like those present currently at Adelanto amount to a “tinderbox scenario”

28 for the rapid spread of COVID-19. See Letter from Drs. Scott A. Allen & Josiah Rich

6

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 15 of 33 Page ID #:167

1 to Rep. Bennie Thompson, et al. (Mar. 19, 2020), https://www.documentcloud.org/

2 documents/6816336-032020-Letter-From-Drs-Allen-Rich-to-Congress-Re.html#

3 document/p4/a557238; see also Schneberk Decl. ¶¶ 23–35; Greifinger Decl. ¶¶ 2–17.

4

Similar conditions have led to disastrous results in other congregate facilities.

5 In three weeks across March and April, the jail at Rikers Island in New York jumped

6 from no cases among inmates to 273 cases, a higher rate of infection than in the most

7 infected places in the world; four corrections staff members and one inmate have died.

8 Suppl. Greifinger Decl. ¶ 13. The Cook County Jail has likewise seen an alarming rise

9 in cases: the Jail went from two confirmed inmate cases on March 23, 2020, to 234

10 confirmed inmate cases on April 7, 2020; one inmate has died. Id ¶ 14. As of April

11 13, 2020, there were at least 72 confirmed cases among detainees in ICE custody,

12 including twelve at the Otay Mesa Detention Center in San Diego.15

13

Dr. Greifinger details the numerous ways in which ICE’s response to the

14 pandemic has been “wholly inadequate.” Greifinger Decl. ¶¶ 17–24. The descriptions

15 of Plaintiffs and individuals recently released from Adelanto confirm ICE’s utter

16 failure to protect those who are detained there. Despite the crowded, communal

17 facilities, detainees have no access to masks. See Decl. of Paola Rayon Vite (“Rayon

18 Vite Decl.”) ¶ 13; Decl. of Luis Lopez Salgado (“Lopez Salgado Decl.”) ¶ 20; Decl.

19 of Charleston Edward Dacoff (“Dacoff Decl.”) ¶ 28; Decl. of Ruth Calvillo (“Calvillo

20 Decl.”) ¶ 20.16 Hand sanitizer dispensers are empty. Calvillo Decl. ¶ 22. Guards and

21

22

15 U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Confirmed Cases, ICE Guidance on COVID-19 (last updated Apr. 13, 2020, 11:43 a.m.),

23

https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus (click on “Confirmed Cases”). 16 ICE has placed severe restrictions on attorneys’ ability to access their clients at

24 25

Adelanto, including limitations on in-person visits unless attorneys bring their own

personal protective equipment, which is obviously in very short supply.

for TRO at 10-17, 127-1 (describing

cTuorrrreenst

vli.mNiitealtsioenns,

Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal), on attorney-client communication

DSeket.MNoot.ion at Adelanto

26

and seeking emergency relief to ensure detainees maintain basic access to counsel during the COVID-19 pandemic); Decl. of Gabriel Valdez (“Valdez Decl.”) ¶ 26

27

Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-00627-TJH-GJS (C.D. Cal. Apr. 7, 2020), ECF No. 45-1. In addition, ICE provides no effective way for attorneys to

28 conduct confidential calls with clients detained at Adelanto. See Mot. for TRO at 10-

7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 16 of 33 Page ID #:168

1 medical staff generally do not wear masks, though they frequently stand in close

2 proximity to detained individuals. See Calvillo Decl. ¶¶ 13, 20–21; Lopez Salgado

3 Decl. ¶ 19; Rayon Vite Decl. ¶ 13; see also Schneberk Decl. ¶ 29. Staff arrive and

4 leave on a shift basis, and new detainees continue to arrive at the facility, but there is

5 no attempt to test staff or detainees for asymptomatic infection. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 29;

6 Greifinger Decl. ¶ 22; Dacoff Decl. ¶ 32; see also Gov’t Response to Order to Show

7 Cause (“Robles Rodriguez Gov’t Response”) at 8–9, Att. 1, Decl. of Gabriel Valdez

8 (“Valdez Decl.”) ¶ 14, Robles Rodriguez v. Wolf, Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS

9 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 8, 2020, ECF No. 45-1. Even detainees who are experiencing

10 symptoms of COVID-19, such as fever and cough, are not tested. Decl. of Jose

11 Hernandez Velasquez (“Hernandez Velasquez Decl.”) ¶ 18; accord Rayon Vite Decl.

12 ¶¶ 18–19; Dacoff Decl. ¶ 32.

13

C. Adequate Social Distancing Is Impossible At Current Population

14

Levels Within Adelanto

15

Although the CDC now recommends wearing face coverings as an “additional”

16 measure,17 staying away from others remains the “cornerstone” of the agency’s

17 recommendations.18 As Drs. Greifinger and Schneberk explain, social distancing is

18 crucial to mitigating the spread of COVID-19. Greifinger Decl. ¶ 11; Schneberk Decl.

19 ¶ 39. If detainees are unable to maintain an appropriate distance from one another or

20

21

17, Torres v. Nielson, Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 26, 2020), ECF No. 127-1. As a result, and because of the urgency of the situation, in lieu of declarations

22

from Plaintiffs-Petitioners themselves, the attorneys representing PlaintiffPetitioners in their administrative removal proceedings have provided declarations

23

describing the facts of their cases. A temporary restraining order requiring that the government take steps to improve access to counsel at Adelanto was granted on

24 April 11, 2020. Torres v. Nielson, Case No. 18-cv-02602 (C.D. Cal), Dkt. No. 144.

25

17 Recommendation Regarding the Use of Cloth Face Coverings, Especially in Areas of Significant Community-Based Transmission, Centers for Disease Control and

26

Prevention (updated Apr. 3, 2020), https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019ncov/prevent-getting-sick/cloth-face-cover.html.

27

18 Id.; see also The President’s Coronavirus Guidelines for America – 30 Days to Slow the Spread (Mar. 16, 2020), https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-

28 content/uploads/2020/03/03.16.20_coronavirus-guidance_8.5x11_315PM.pdf.

8

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 17 of 33 Page ID #:169

1 staff, they face a dire risk of COVID-19 transmission, including from individuals who

2 are pre- or asymptomatic. See Schneberk Decl. ¶ 9; Greifinger Decl. ¶ 5.

3

Nonetheless, the Government has expressed in numerous filings before this

4 Court that it has no intention of engaging in meaningful social distancing at Adelanto,

5 dismissing such practices as “idealized safety precaution[s].”19 But even if the

6 Government were motivated to try to implement some form of social distancing, the

7 physical footprint of the Adelanto facility is simply not compatible with keeping 1,300

8 detainees and numerous staff members six feet apart at all times. This is so for several

9 reasons.

10

First, the number of detainees housed in each sleeping area at Adelanto makes

11 social distancing impossible. In Adelanto West, detainees are forced to sleep in cells

12 that house between four and eight people in a space that is as small as eight by ten

13 feet. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 26; Dacoff Decl. ¶ 7; Decl. of Jose Robles Rodriguez (“Robles

14 Rodriguez Decl.”) ¶ 7; accord Hernandez Velasquez Decl. ¶ 6. Bunk beds are placed

15 approximately 2.5 to 3 feet apart. Dacoff Decl. ¶ 7. Dormitories are constituted of 18

16 cells each, containing up to 72 people. Dacoff Decl. ¶ 11; Decl. of Jessica Bansal

17 (“Bansal Decl.”), Ex. A at 2; id. Ex. B at 22. Detainees in Adelanto East are clustered

18 in pod quadrants, which hold up to 96 detainees in 12 sets of double bunks. Schneberk

19 Decl. ¶ 27; Bansal Decl., Ex. A at 2; id. Ex. B at 22; see Rayon Vite Decl. ¶ 7. But, as

20 Plaintiffs’ medical experts explain, “it would not be possible to achieve adequate

21 social distancing if more than one person slept in each bunk, [or] if bunks were within

22 less than 8–10 feet of each other (to maintain at least a 6 foot distance even as people

23 are getting in and out of the bunks).” Schneberk Decl. ¶ 27; see also Greifinger Decl.

24 ¶ 26. In both Dr. Greifinger and Dr. Schneberk’s professional opinions, it is not

25 possible to achieve social distancing if more than one person is housed in each cell.

26 Schneberk Decl. ¶ 26; Greifinger Decl. ¶¶ 23, 26 (“[S]ocial distancing is impossible

27 when people sleep in small, multi-person rooms and live under conditions that

28 19 Robles Rodriguez Gov’t Response at 16.

9

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 18 of 33 Page ID #:170

1 necessarily subject them to close proximity with others multiple times throughout the

2 day.”).

3

Second, detainees share toilets, sinks, and showers with others in their

4 dormitories and pods. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 28; Rayon Vite Decl. ¶¶ 9–11; Lopez

5 Salgado Decl. ¶¶ 11–14; Dacoff Decl. ¶¶ 8, 13; Robles Rodriguez Decl. ¶¶ 9–11. Up

6 to 72 people share one showering area. Dacoff Decl. ¶ 13; Robles Rodriguez Decl. ¶

7 10. Showers are typically crowded with people and placed so closely together that,

8 when standing in one shower stall, “you could reach out your hand and press the button

9 for the shower adjacent to yours,” Dacoff Decl. ¶¶ 14; 18. Again, in the opinions of

10 Plaintiffs’ medical experts, it is not possible “to achieve adequate social distancing

11 and hygiene in communal bathroom[s]” unless “people [are] at least six feet apart at

12 all times” and the “facilities [are] thoroughly disinfected after each use”—which is

13 impossible if 72 people are confined to single shower area. Schneberk Decl. ¶ 28; see

14 also Greifinger Decl. ¶ 26

15

Third, detainees congregate every day in pods and dining areas, with as little as

16 a few inches between them. See Schneberk Decl. ¶ 28; Hernandez Velasquez Decl. ¶

17 9. Food preparation and service is communal, with six to ten people eating at the same

18 table. Robles Rodriguez Decl. ¶ 11; see also Dacoff Decl. ¶¶ 19–21. Detainees are

19 responsible for cleaning the dining areas, but in Adelanto West, “the only thing we

20 [are] given to clean [is] a dirty towel and a bucket of dirty water,” which is used again

21 and again. Robles Rodriguez Decl. ¶ 11; see also Dacoff Decl. ¶ 20. In Adelanto East,

22 detainees only have access to cleaning supplies during mealtimes: “So either we [can]

23 eat, or we [can] clean.” Rayon Vite Decl. ¶ 11. But even if Adelanto’s grossly

24 inadequate sanitation were improved, current population levels preclude keeping each

25 detainee anything near six feet apart from each other during communal mealtimes.

26

Plaintiffs’ medical experts therefore conclude that release of detainees is crucial

27 to limit the risk of infection “for the individuals released, for those who remain

28 detained, and for the general public.” Greifinger Decl. ¶ 24. As Dr. Greifinger

10

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 19 of 33 Page ID #:171

1 explains, “this would be true even if the conditions inside the facility were

2 impeccable.” Id.; see also Schneberk Decl. ¶ 38 (“Because of the structure and

3 conditions at Adelanto, detainees face a dramatically reduced ability to protect

4 themselves by social distancing than they would in the community”).

5

That is precisely why multiple jurisdictions, including Los Angeles, CA,

6 Detroit, MI, Travis County, TX, New York City, and the entire states of New Jersey

7 and Iowa have released thousands of people from criminal custody, acknowledging

8 the grave threat that an outbreak in jails and detention centers poses.20 Other public

9 officials have likewise called for the release of eligible individuals from detention.

10 The former Acting Director of ICE, John Sandweg, has advocated releasing

11 individuals to combat the spread of COVID-19 in detention centers, and has stated

12 “ICE has the operational capacity to quickly and drastically reduce the population of

13 civil immigration detainees.” Motion for TRO Ex. 19, Sandweg Decl. ¶ 9, Thompson

14 v. Tsoukaris, Case No. 1:20-cv-01449-SDG (N.D. Ga. Apr. 3, 2020), ECF No. 4-20.

15 III. LEGAL STANDARD

16

Plaintiffs are entitled to a preliminary injunction if they show: (1) a likelihood

17 of success on the merits; (2) they are likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence

18 of relief; (3) the balance of equities tips in their favor; and, (4) an injunction is in the

19 public interest. See Winter v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 20 (2008). The

20 Ninth Circuit employs a sliding scale approach, under which a stronger showing of

21 one element may offset a weaker showing of another. See Pimentel v. Dreyfus, 670

22 F.3d 1096, 1105 (9th Cir. 2012). Thus, a preliminary injunction may issue where

23 “serious questions going to the merits [are] raised and the balance of hardships tips

24 sharply in [plaintiffs’] favor.” All. for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 632 F.3d 1127,

25 1131 (9th Cir. 2011) (internal quotation marks omitted). To succeed under the “serious

26 question” test, plaintiffs must show that they are likely to suffer irreparable injury and

27

28

20 See Responses to COVID-19 pandemic, Prison Policy Initiative (Apr. 10, 2020) (collecting instances where jails and prisons have released detainees due to COVID-

19), https://www.prisonpolicy.org/virus/virusresponse.html#releases.

11

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 20 of 33 Page ID #:172

1 that an injunction is in the public’s interest. Id. at 1132.

2 IV. ARGUMENT

3

In multiple orders over the past two weeks, this Court has recognized that

4 “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil detainee cannot be subject to the current

5 conditions of confinement at Adelanto.” Castillo TRO at *5. Those conditions include

6 “sleeping rooms housing four or six detainees with shared sinks, toilets and showers,”

7 potentially infected guards who “regularly rotate through the various holding areas

8 several times a day” without donning protective equipment, and “meal times” where

9 detainees “line up together, sometimes only inches apart, in the cafeteria.” Castillo

10 TRO at *2; see also TRO and Order to Show Cause (“Fraihat TRO”), Fraihat v. Wolf,

11 Case No. ED-CV2000590-TJH, at *4-*5 (C.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020). The

12 unconstitutional nature of these conditions does not turn on who is seeking relief;

13 rather, this Court has made clear that everyone currently trapped inside Adelanto is

14 subject to an ongoing violation of their Fifth Amendment rights.

15

The conditions within Adelanto remain fundamentally unchanged despite this

16 Court’s orders. And Plaintiffs here are in even greater danger today than the dozens

17 of detainees this Court has already released because the spread of COVID-19 in the

18 area—from which facility staff commute daily—has dramatically increased in recent

19 days. As of April 13, 2020, there are 977 identified COVID-19 cases in San

20 Bernardino County, and 31 deaths, compared with fewer than 100 identified cases on

21 March 27, the day Castillo was decided.21 All Class members are entitled to—and

22 desperately require—relief for the same reasons as the individuals this Court has

23 already released. This Court should grant the preliminary injunction and order system-

24 wide relief.

25

26

27

28 21 Coronavirus 2019, San Bernardino County, http://wp.sbcounty.gov/dph/coronavirus/ (last visited Apr. 13, 2020).

12

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 21 of 33 Page ID #:173

1

A. Plaintiffs are Likely to Succeed on the Merits.

2

1. Plaintiffs’ Continued Detention at Adelanto Violates Their Fifth Amendment Right to Reasonable Safety in Government

3

Custody.

4

Individuals confined by the government have a right to health and safety. See

5 Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S. 307, 315–16 (1982). “The rationale for this principle

6 is simple enough: when the State by the affirmative exercise of its power so restrains 7 an individual’s liberty that it renders him unable to care for himself, and at the same

8 time fails to provide for his basic human needs—e.g., food, clothing, shelter, medical

9 care, and reasonable safety—it transgresses the substantive limits on state action set 10 by the Eighth Amendment and the Due Process Clause.” DeShaney v. Winnebago Cty.

11 Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 489 U.S. 189, 200 (1989).

12

Thus, a plaintiff establishes “a due process violation” if the Government

13 “placed them in danger,” and “acted with deliberate indifference to a known or

14 obvious danger in subjecting them to that danger.” Hernandez v. City of San Jose, 897

15 F.3d 1125, 1137 (9th Cir. 2018) (internal quotations, citations, and alterations 16 omitted). A plaintiff need not show that the relevant government officials are

17 “subjectively aware that their [actions are] unreasonable,” only that “a reasonable

18 official in the circumstances would have appreciated the high degree of risk involved.” 19 Gordon v. Cty. of Orange, 888 F.3d 1118, 1123, 1125 (9th Cir. 2018). This standard

20 requires “something akin to reckless disregard.” Id. at 1125. In systemic cases, such

21 as this, deliberate indifference can be shown by evidence of “systematic or gross 22 deficiencies in staffing, facilities, equipment, or procedures.” Hernandez v. Cty. of

23 Monterey, 305 F.R.D. 132, 152–53, 155 n. 138 (N.D. Cal. 2015) (quoting Ramos v.

24 Lamm, 639 F.2d 559, 575 (10th Cir. 1980)). The key question in such cases is whether 25 systemic deficiencies “taken as a whole” subject people to a “substantial risk of

26 serious harm.” See Brown v. Plata, 563 U.S. 493, 505 n.3 (2011).

27

Furthermore, it is well-settled that a detainee’s constitutional protections extend

28 to “future harm,” including a “condition of confinement that is sure or very likely to

13

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 22 of 33 Page ID #:174

1 cause serious illness and needless suffering the next week or month or year.” Helling,

2 509 U.S. at 33. Constitutional violations therefore can arise from “the exposure of

3 inmates to a serious, communicable disease” even if “the complaining inmate shows

4 no serious current symptoms” and “even though the possible infection might not affect

5 all of those exposed.” Id.; see also Castillo TRO at *4; Hutto v. Finney, 437 U.S. 678,

6 682–83, 687 (1978) (risk of exposing inmates to communicable diseases such as

7 hepatitis and venereal disease violates the Eighth Amendment); DeGidio v. Pung, 920

8 F.2d 525, 526, 533 (8th Cir. 1990) (inadequate screening and control procedures in

9 response to tuberculosis outbreak violated the Eighth Amendment).22

10

Here, as this Court has already recognized, COVID-19 poses a substantial risk

11 of serious harm to Plaintiffs, and Defendants’ response to that imminent risk

12 constitutes reckless disregard for their safety. As this Court explained in its Castillo

13 TRO order, “[t]he law is clear”:

14

[T]he Government cannot put a civil detainee into a dangerous situation,

15

especially where that dangerous situation was created by the Government. The Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment prohibits

16

the Government from exposing an individual to a danger which he would not have otherwise faced. A civil detainee’s constitutional rights are

17

violated if a condition of his confinement places him at substantial risk of suffering serious harm, such as the harm caused by a pandemic.

18 Castillo TRO at *3 (internal citations omitted). After carefully surveying the

19 conditions at Adelanto, this Court held that “[u]nder the Due Process Clause, a civil

20 detainee cannot be subject to the current conditions of confinement at [the facility].”

21 Id. at *5. Relying on this holding, this Court has subsequently granted release to at

22

23

24

22 The above discussion relies in part on Eighth Amendment case law. But, because civil detention is governed by the Fifth Amendment rather than the Eighth, even

25

conditions short of “deliberate indifference” could be unconstitutional in the immigration context. Jones v. Blanas, 393 F.3d 918, 934 (9th Cir. 2004). A

26

condition of confinement violates the Fifth Amendment “if it imposes some harm to the detainee that significantly exceeds or is independent of the inherent discomforts

27

of confinement and is not reasonably related to a legitimate governmental objective or is excessive in relation to the legitimate governmental objective.” Unknown

28

Parties v. Johnson, Case No. CV-15-00250-TUC-DCB, 2016 WL 8188563, at *5 (D. Ariz. Nov. 18, 2016), aff’d sub nom. Doe v. Kelly, 878 F.3d 710 (9th Cir. 2017).

The conditions described here easily meet that standard.

14

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 23 of 33 Page ID #:175

1 least two dozen more detained individuals—recognizing the continuing inadequacy

2 of the conditions of confinement at Adelanto.

3

In its TRO orders, this Court noted at least four specific conditions that made

4 detainees at Adelanto vulnerable to COVID-19: (1) detainees were not kept “at least

5 6 feet apart from others at all times”; (2) they lived in “sleeping rooms housing four

6 or six detainees with shared sinks, toilets and showers”; (3) they had “meal times”

7 where they “line[d] up together, sometimes only inches apart, in the cafeteria”; and

8 (4) and they were forced to interact with potentially infected guards who “regularly

9 rotate through the various holding areas several times a day” without protective

10 equipment. Castillo TRO at *5, *2; Fraihat TRO at *11, *4–5. None of these

11 conditions have been remedied, and every detainee at Adelanto is subject to them. See 12 supra Pt. II.C. Since, as this Court has already found, “a civil detainee cannot be

13 subject to the current conditions of confinement at Adelanto,” the Government’s

14 continued detention of the proposed class is necessarily unlawful.

15

2. Remedies Short Of Social Distancing Are Inadequate To

16

Protect Detainees’ Constitutional Rights

17

This Court has already recognized the fundamental importance of social

18 distancing in its prior orders. As it has explained, and as Plaintiffs’ experts confirm,

19 the “coronavirus is spread between people who are in close contact—within about 6

20 feet—with one another through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person

21 coughs or sneezes.” Castillo TRO at *2. These “droplets can land in the mouths or

22 noses, or can be inhaled into the lungs, of people who are within about 6 feet of the

23 infected person.” Id.

24

Yet, as this Court also found, and as the evidence Plaintiffs’ present again

25 confirms, the detainees at Adelanto “are not kept at least 6 feet apart from others at all

26 times.” Id. at *5 (emphasis added). To the contrary, they are placed in “dormitory27 type sleeping rooms housing four or six detainees with shared sinks, toilets and

28 showers,” and are “forced to touch surfaces touched by other detainees.” Id. at *2, *5.

15

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 24 of 33 Page ID #:176

1 “At meal times—three times a day—the 60 to 70 detainees in each holding area line

2 up together, sometimes only inches apart, in the cafeteria.” Id. at *2. Accordingly, all

3 detainees at Adelanto are “suffering from a condition of confinement that takes away

4 . . . their ability to socially distance,” id. at *5, and thus protect themselves from

5 COVID-19. See Greifinger Decl. ¶ 23 (explaining why ICE’s strategy of

6 “encouraging” social distancing and reducing occupancy limits in some Adelanto

7 locations is meaningless when sleeping and living facilities are shared); see also

8 Schneberk Decl. ¶¶ 26–29, 36 (explaining why social distancing, “essential” to

9 slowing the spread of the virus, is impossible under current conditions at Adelanto).

10

Despite this Court’s recognition that social distancing of six feet is essential to

11 mitigate the serious risk of COVID-19, the Government in its recent filings makes

12 clear that it has no intention of seriously engaging in social distancing practices at

13 Adelanto. The Government asserts only that “[d]etainees are encouraged to exercise

14 social distancing protocols within their housing units” and “reminded to practice

15 social distancing” in their “group movements” without explaining how they could

16 possibly do so when housed in cramped rooms with six or seven other individuals. See

17 Valdez Decl. ¶ 30; Greifinger Decl. ¶ 23 (“[T]he Valdez Declaration fails to recognize

18 the obvious: social distancing is impossible when people sleep in small, multi-person

19 rooms and live under conditions that necessarily subject them to close proximity with

20 others multiple times throughout the day.”).

21

Indeed, the most telling thing about the Government’s response is its continued

22 assertion that it is not required to address the “three specific conditions at the Adelanto

23 facility” it acknowledges this Court has already “deemed unacceptable risks: (i) going

24 within six feet of others; (ii) touching surfaces touched by other detainees, and (iii)

25 the rotation of guards and staff at Adelanto” without protective equipment. Robles

26 Rodriguez Gov’t Response at 16. In asserting that these measures are not required, the

27 Government concedes that, despite making paper changes, it is doing nothing to

28 actually remedy the constitutional harms this Court has already identified.

16

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 25 of 33 Page ID #:177

1

Instead, in breathtaking defiance of this Court’s findings, the Government

2 simply belittles those dangers—likening them to the risks associated with going to

3 “the grocery store.” Id. This analogy is as obtuse as it is inhumane. In fact, State-wide

4 guidance discourages all but essential trips to the grocery store and requires that

5 grocery stores “ensure social distancing of six feet per person” and “[l]imit[] the

6 number of customers at any given time as necessary to reduce outdoor/indoor

7 crowding.”23 And while individuals can wear protective equipment and take steps to

8 limit their distance from others for the 30 minutes per week they may spend in a

9 grocery store, the Defendants force Adelanto detainees to live in overcrowded

10 dormitories without any protective equipment for 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The

11 Government’s false comparison underscores just how much it underestimates the

12 devastating threat posed by COVID-19—and how little it intends to do to stop it at

13 Adelanto. Cf. Greifinger Decl. ¶ 13 (“In mid-March the jail at Rikers Island in New

14 York City had not had a single confirmed COVID-19 case. Rikers now has a rate of

15 infection that is far higher than the infection rates of the most infected regions of the

16 world.”).

17

Indeed, it is simply extraordinary that ICE has not yet taken the minimal step

18 of requiring its guards—who rotate in and out of the facility on a daily basis—to wear

19 face coverings during their interactions with detainees, even as the CDC now

20 recommends such coverings for all Americans when they leave their home.24 Nothing

21 could better illustrate how little regard the Government continues to have for the lives

22 of those detained inside Adelanto.

23

Instead of addressing the areas it acknowledges this Court has already found

24

25

23 See March 16, 2020 Guidance, California Department of Public Health, https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-

26

19/RetailFoodBeverageandOtherRelatedServiceVenues.aspx. 24 Recommendation Regarding the Use of Cloth Face Coverings, Especially in Areas

27

of Significant Community-Based Transmission, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (updated Apr. 3, 2020), https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-

28 ncov/prevent-getting-sick/cloth-face-cover.html.

17

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 26 of 33 Page ID #:178

1 unacceptable at Adelanto, the Government continues to stress that increased sanitation

2 is adequate to prevent the spread of COVID-19 at the facility (while simultaneously

3 maintaining it is not required to do even that limited amount). But this Court has

4 recognized that sanitation measures alone are woefully insufficient to stop the spread

5 of COVID-19.25 See Castillo TRO at *5; Fraihat TRO at *11; see also Schneberk

6 Decl. ¶ 42 (Plaintiffs’ medical expert opining that at Adelanto “it will be very difficult

7 irrespective of the amount of sanitation and hygiene practices employed, to prevent

8 spread in such a confined densely populated space”). If such measures were remotely

9 adequate, government officials across the country would not have made the painful

10 but necessary decision to close high-density settings of all sorts—schools, workplaces,

11 government buildings, and cultural institutions. Nor would people throughout

12 California and all over the nation be advised to stay home for all but the most essential

13 purposes.26

14

The Government has also confirmed, once again, that it has no intention of

15 testing guards or detainees unless they are symptomatic (and has no intention of

16 testing guards at all). See Robles Rodriguez Gov’t Response at 10; Valdez Decl. ¶ 27.

17 That underscores the degree to which ICE protocols are dramatically behind the curve.

18 As this Court has explained, “[t]he science is well established – infected,

19 asymptomatic carriers of the coronavirus are highly contagious.” Castillo TRO at *5.

20 Individuals may be infected and spreading the virus to others for days or even weeks

21 while exhibiting mild symptoms or none at all. Awaiting the development of

22 symptoms before acting is a recipe for an outbreak—which is virtually guaranteed if

23 Defendants maintain their defiance of basic epidemiological consensus. See also

24

25 25 Declarations from current and former Adelanto detainees also make clear that the

26

Government has not significantly increased sanitation at Adelanto in any meaningful way. See supra Pt.II.C.

27 26 Alicia Lee, These States Have Implemented Stay-At-Home Orders. Here’s What

28

That Means for You., CNN (updated Apr. 7, 2020), https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/23/us/coronavirus-which-states-stay-at-home-

ordertrnd/index.html.

18

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 27 of 33 Page ID #:179

1 Schneberk Decl. ¶ 11 (explaining that due to lack of testing actual cases are “without

2 a doubt much, much higher” than confirmed cases).

3

B. Plaintiffs Satisfy the Remaining Factors for Preliminary Injunction

4

1. Exposure to a Lethal Virus Which Lacks Any Vaccine,

5

Treatment, or Cure Constitutes Irreparable Harm.

6

As this Court explained in Castillo and Fraihat, “[i]t is well established that the

7 deprivation of constitutional rights unquestionably constitutes irreparable injury.”

8 Castillo TRO at *6 (citing Hernandez v. Sessions, 872 F.3d 976, 994 (9th Cir. 2017));

9 Fraihat TRO at *11 (citing same). That alone satisfies this factor.

10

Moreover, the Ninth Circuit recently recognized that the dangerous and unsafe

11 conditions of detention that Plaintiffs face also constitute irreparable harm supporting

12 injunctive relief. Padilla v. U.S. Immigration & Customs Enforcement, Case No. 19-

13 35565, 2020 WL 1482393, at *9 (9th Cir. Mar. 27, 2020) (recognizing that

14 “substandard physical conditions, [and] low standards of medical care” in immigration

15 detention constitute irreparable harm justifying injunctive relief). And the Ninth

16 Circuit has also recognized that there is irreparable harm where government actions

17 threaten to worsen an individual’s health. See M.R. v. Dreyfus, 663 F.3d 1100, 1111

18 (9th Cir. 2011), as amended by 697 F.3d 706 (9th Cir 2012).

19

Each of these reasons supports immediate relief here. The fatality rate for

20 people infected with COVID-19 is estimated to be more than thirty times higher than

21 the seasonal flu.27 For those who survive, infection can permanently damage the lungs

22 and other major organs. See Schneberk Decl. ¶ 22. Once COVID-19 is introduced

23 into a congregate environment like a detention center, it spreads “like wildfire.”

24 Greifinger Decl. ¶ 13; Schneberk Decl. ¶ 42. And the risk is getting closer: as of April

25 13, ICE had confirmed detainees in 21 different detention facilities have tested

26

27

27 Jo Craven McGinty, Why Doesn’t Flu Tank Economy Like Covid-19?, Wall Street Journal, (Apr. 10, 2020), https://www.wsj.com/articles/why-doesnt-flu-tank-

28 economy-like-covid-19-11586511000.

19

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 28 of 33 Page ID #:180

1 positive for COVID-19, including twelve confirmed detainee cases at Otay Mesa

2 Detention Center in San Diego—up from just one on April 4.28 For these reasons,

3 experts have concluded that “[e]ach day we wait to act increases the danger of serious

4 illness or death due to COVID-19 for not only detainees and staff at Adelanto, but for

5 millions of southern Californians.” Schneberk Decl. ¶ 43; see Greifinger Decl. ¶¶ 19,

6 23. There is no serious dispute the irreparable harm factor is satisfied.

7

2. Public Interest and Balance of Equities Weigh Heavily in

8

Plaintiffs’ Favor.

9

Here, as in the cases where this Court has already granted relief, “[t]he balance

10 of the equities tip sharply in favor” of Plaintiffs. Castillo TRO at *6; Fraihat TRO at

11 *11. While Plaintiffs “face[] irreparable harm to their constitutional rights and health,”

12 “there is no harm to the Government when a court prevents the Government from

13 engaging in unlawful practices.” Castillo TRO at *6; Fraihat TRO at *11. Indeed,

14 “[f]aced with . . . preventable human suffering, [the Ninth Circuit] ha[s] little difficulty

15 concluding that the balance of hardships tips decidedly in plaintiffs’ favor.”

16 Hernandez, 872 F.3d at 996 (quoting Lopez v. Heckler, 713 F.2d 1432, 1437 (9th Cir.

17 1983)).

18

Moreover, it is in both the Defendants’ and the broader public interest to reduce

19 the threat of an imminent COVID-19 outbreak at Adelanto. ICE has an interest in

20 preventing any potential spread of COVID-19 in its detention facility, which may then

21 affect guards, visitors, attorneys, and others who may potentially interact with

22 detainees. And an outbreak of COVID-19 at Adelanto would doubtless put significant

23 pressure on or exceed the capacity of local health infrastructure. Greifinger Decl. ¶ 14;

24 see Schneberk Decl. ¶ 26. As this Court succinctly explained:

25

The public has a critical interest in preventing the further spread of the

26

coronavirus. An outbreak at Adelanto would, further, endanger all of us

27

28

28 U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Confirmed Cases, ICE Guidance on COVID-19 (last updated Apr. 13, 2020, 11:43 a.m.),

https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus (click on “Confirmed Cases”).

20

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 29 of 33 Page ID #:181

1

– Adelanto detainees, Adelanto employees, residents of San Bernardino County, residents of the State of California, and our nation as a whole.

2 Castillo TRO at *6. Thus, the implementation of measures to permit adequate social

3 distancing would not only impose minimal harm to the government, it would also

4 reduce the health and economic burden on the local community and health

5 infrastructure at large. Schneberk Decl. ¶¶ 42, 48; Greifinger Decl. ¶ 14; Decl. of

6 Jonathan Luis Golob in Supp. of Emergency Ex Parte Appl. for TRO ¶ 11, Robles

7 Rodriguez, Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS (Mar. 30, 2020), ECF No. 18; see also

8 Hernandez, 872 F.3d at 996 (“[T]he general public’s interest in the efficient allocation

9 of the government’s fiscal resources favors granting [relief].”).

10

The Government’s purported interest in public safety does not remotely justify

11 subjecting detainees at Adelanto to life-threatening illness. Although the Government

12 has protested that it should not be required to “shutter” Adelanto, see TRO Opp. at 19,

13 Robles Rodriguez, Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS (Mar. 31, 2020), ECF No. 28, an

14 order from this Court mandating appropriate social distancing would not require

15 shuttering the facility or even releasing all detainees. Rather, Defendants would need

16 only release—under appropriately tailored conditions of supervision—a sufficient

17 number of detainees to ensure that effective social distancing can be maintained at the

18 facility.

19

There is no reason to believe that such an approach would pose any danger to

20 the public. While the Government in its filings appears to be taking the position that

21 every detainee presents such a danger to the community, or is such a flight risk, that it

22 is worth risking a major, life-threatening outbreak at the facility to maintain their

23 detention, that position is patently absurd.29 As this Court has recognized, “the risk

24 that Petitioners, here, will flee, given the current global pandemic, is very low . . . .”

25

26 29 See, e.g., Robles Rodriguez Gov’t Response at 1–2; Gov’t Response to Order to

27 SAhporw. 6C, 2a0u2se0,),FEraCiFhaNt ov.. 2W0o;lRf,eCspa’stes’NRoe. sEpD. aCndVO2p0p-c.vT-o59P0etT. JFHor(KWSrxit)o(fCH.Da.bCeaasl.

28

Corpus and Mot. for TRO or Prelim. Inj., Thaker v. Doll, Case No. 20-cv-00480 (M.D. Pa. Mar. 29, 2020), ECF No. 35; Resp’ts’ Opp. To Mot. for TRO at 1, Ortuno

v. Jennings, Case No. 20-2064 MMC (N.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2020), ECF No. 25.

21

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 30 of 33 Page ID #:182

1 Castillo TRO at *5.

2

Furthermore, ICE has a range of highly effective tools at its disposal to ensure

3 that individuals report for court hearings and other appointments, including conditions

4 of supervision. See Compl. at ¶ 67; Mem. & Order Granting TRO at 22, Thaker v.

5 Doll, Case No. 20-cv-00480 (M.D. Pa. Mar. 31, 2020), ECF No. 47 (noting “that ICE

6 has a plethora of means other than physical detention at their disposal by which they

7 may monitor civil detainees and ensure that they are present at removal proceedings,

8 including remote monitoring and remote check-ins”). For example, ICE’s conditional

9 supervision program, called ISAP (Intensive Supervision Appearance Program),

10 “relies on the use of electronic ankle monitors, biometric voice recognition software,

11 unannounced home visits, employer verification, and in-person reporting to supervise

12 participants.”30 Compl. ¶ 67 at 19. That program is so effective that a “government-

13 contracted evaluation of this program reported a 99% attendance rate at all

14 immigration court hearings.” Id. It is therefore perfectly possible for ICE to remedy

15 the on-going violation of Plaintiffs’ rights—and all those of the Proposed Class—by

16 selectively releasing certain detainees under appropriate conditions of confinement, in

17 order to facilitate adequate social distancing at the facility.

18

Moreover, as this Court has repeatedly stressed, the individuals in question here

19 are civil detainees who have already served the sentences required by a criminal

20 conviction, if any. See Castillo TRO at *5. If they were U.S. citizens, they would

21 already be free from any kind of state supervision, deemed rehabilitated and no further

22 risk to the public. The notion that their different immigration status transforms them

23 into such a public danger that they categorically cannot be released—even under

24 careful supervision and even during a life-threatening pandemic—is simply baseless.

25

26

30 The Intensive Supervision Appearance Program, or ISAP, “relies on the use of electronic ankle monitors, biometric voice recognition software, unannounced home

27

visits, employer verification, and in-person reporting to supervise participants.” Lorenzen-Strait Decl. ¶ 15, Robles Rodriguez, Case No. 5:20-cv-627-TJH-GJS (Mar.

28 30, 2020), ECF No. 22.

22

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 31 of 33 Page ID #:183

1 Indeed, in prisons across the country, thousands of individuals who are still serving

2 the terms of their incarceration have been released, as governments recognize that the

3 need to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 in many instances outweighs the state

4 interest in continued detention.31 The fact that by contrast hardly any civil immigration

5 detainees have been voluntarily released anywhere in the country plainly reflects a

6 political judgment rather than a public safety one. It is precisely at such times, when

7 a government’s political priorities may encourage it to ignore the rights of society’s

8 most marginalized and powerless, that the judiciary’s vital role in safeguarding our

9 system of constitutional rights is at its most profound.

10

C. A Comprehensive Response to the Constitutional Violations at

11

Adelanto is Necessary.

12

The only way for the Adelanto detainees to have equal access to potentially life-

13 saving relief is a class-wide remedy. This Court has already stated that, “[u]nless an

14 Adelanto habeas case is filed as a class action, each case shall be limited to a single

15 petitioner.” Castillo v. Barr, Minute Order, Case No. 5:20-cv-00605-TJH (C.D. Cal.

16 Apr. 7, 2020), ECF No. 37. Should the Court deny Plaintiffs’ motion for provisional

17 class certification, dozens, perhaps hundreds of individual Adelanto detainees will

18 likely file claims for relief depending on their access to lawyers. The result will be

19 vastly under-inclusive and likely unfair. All of the Proposed Class Members are at

20 grave risk of COVID-19 infection under their current conditions of confinement,

21 regardless of whether their circumstances permit them to file individual claims.

22

Last week a district court in Massachusetts certified a class of civil detainees

23 held at two detention centers in Bristol County, Massachusetts, recognizing that a

24 systemic remedy was necessary “in order to protect everyone [in the facility] from the

25

26

31 See Responses to COVID-19 pandemic, Prison Policy Initiative (Apr. 10, 2020) (collecting instances where jails and prisons have released detainees due to COVID-

27 1S9t.),Johhttnp,sC://awliwfowrn.piaritsoonrpeloelaicsye.o3r,5g0/v0iriunsm/vaitreussereasrplyonassec.hotrmonl#arveilreuassessp;rseeaed,sei.ngs.,idPeaige

28

prisons, L.A. Times (Mar. 31, 2020) https://www.latimes.com/california/story/202003-31/coronavirus-california-release-3500-inmates-prisons (describing California’s

plan to accelerate release for thousands of state prison inmates).

23

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 32 of 33 Page ID #:184

1 impending threat of mass contagion.” See Savino v. Sousa, Mem. & Order at 7, 23,

2 29, Case No. 20-cv-10617-WGY (D. Mass. Apr. 8, 2020), ECF No. 64 (emphasis

3 added). That court issued an order requiring a reduction of the population of those

4 detention centers on an expedited, individualized basis. Id. at 28.

5

Plaintiffs propose that this Court adopt a similar procedure here, as set forth in

6 the Proposed Order. Such an approach would largely track the procedure that this

7 Court has already adopted in providing relief on an individualized basis, allowing this

8 Court to assess the individual circumstances of detainees at Adelanto, and craft

9 appropriate conditions of release, as it has done in the dozens of habeas petitions it

10 has granted. But it would also allow for a systematic and expeditious process where

11 the vindication of any given detainee’s constitutional rights does not turn on access to

12 counsel, language and educational skills, or sheer luck. It would also reduce the

13 intense burden on the Court’s resources that comes with claim-by-claim adjudication.

14 And it would allow claims for relief to be processed fast enough that there is a chance

15 social distancing could be established at Adelanto before a serious outbreak has

16 occurred. Of course, nothing in Plaintiffs’ Proposed Order bars Defendants from

17 implementing an alternative plan to rapidly reduce the population to a level where

18 they could implement social distancing at the facility.

19

ICE, however, has steadfastly refused to implement such a system to date—

20 leaving no doubt that this Court’s intervention is desperately needed. If this Court does

21 not act, it is clear nothing will change at Adelanto. Instead, the Government will

22 defend each individual habeas action by pointing to the same strategies—like

23 sanitation, hand-washing and temperature checks—that this Court has already found

24 inadequate time and again. While this Court’s case-by-case attention has provided

25 vital relief for many endangered detainees, only system-wide relief can prevent the

26 tragedy the Government is courting.

27

This Court should grant the preliminary injunction, adopt Plaintiffs’ proposal

28 for considering release requests on an expedited basis, and keep that system in place

24

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-1 Filed 04/14/20 Page 33 of 33 Page ID #:185

1 until the Government takes the necessary steps to cease the ongoing system-wide Fifth

2 Amendment violation at Adelanto.

3 V. CONCLUSION

4

This Court should grant Plaintiffs’ motion for a preliminary injunction, and

5 grant the relief requested in Plaintiffs’ Complaint.

6

Respectfully submitted,

7 Dated: April 13, 2020
8 9

/s/ Amanda Barnett AMANDA BARNETT Counsel for Plaintiffs

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

25

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-2 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 20 Page ID #:186

1

SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841)

2

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com

aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN

3

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW

(SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org

4

Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347)

5

Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201

jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO

6

(SBN 321939) AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046) mcho@aclusocal.org

7

amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)

ACLU Foundation of Southern California

8

jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017

9

355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560

Telephone: (213) 977-9500

10

Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763

11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

13

14

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO

)

17 CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR

) ADELANTO COVID

18

ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) ) )

DECLARATION OF ROBERT B. GREIFINGER, MD

19

)

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

)

20

)

v.

)

21

)

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

22 Department of Homeland Security;

)

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy

)

23 Director and Senior Official Performing )

the Duties of the Director, U.S.

)

24 Immigration and Customs Enforcement; )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

25 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration )

26 and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES )

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE

)

27 Processing Center,

)

28

Respondents-Defendants.

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-2 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 20 Page ID #:187

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25 7ÿ ÿ+ÿÿÿÿÿÿ"ÿÿÿ!ÿÿ

26 ÿÿ/"ÿ0ÿÿÿ"ÿÿÿ+ÿÿÿ

27 ÿÿÿÿ

28 8ÿ 1ÿ"ÿÿÿÿ"ÿÿÿÿÿ!ÿ$%&'()29ÿÿ

29 9ÿ ÿ+ÿÿÿ!ÿ$%&'()29ÿ+ÿ+ÿÿÿ

1
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12 ÿÿÿ

11 2
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13 "ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ!ÿÿ$%&'()29ÿ!ÿ

14 ÿ!ÿÿ"4ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ

15 ÿÿÿÿÿ"ÿÿÿ

16 17 18

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2 ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ

3 ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ

1 22ÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ!"ÿ"ÿÿ

4 ÿÿÿÿ#ÿ$%&'()29ÿ*ÿÿÿ+ÿÿ##ÿÿ

5 ÿ,ÿÿÿ+ÿÿÿ#ÿ$%&'()29ÿ

6 ÿÿÿÿ#ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

7 ÿÿ+ÿÿÿÿ#ÿ!ÿÿÿ

8 23ÿ -ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ"ÿÿ!ÿ

9 #ÿ#ÿÿ#ÿÿÿ,ÿÿÿ

2
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22 ÿÿÿÿÿÿ%ÿ$%&'()29ÿÿÿÿÿ

23 #ÿÿÿ!ÿ"#ÿ'ÿ)/ÿÿ0ÿÿ1!ÿ'ÿÿ2"ÿ

21 3!ÿ$ÿÿÿÿÿÿ#ÿ$%&'()29ÿÿ1!ÿ"ÿÿÿÿ

24 #ÿ#ÿÿÿ#ÿÿÿÿ#ÿÿ#ÿÿÿ#ÿÿ#ÿ

25 ÿ"ÿ4ÿ5ÿ5ÿ371ÿÿ132ÿÿ##ÿÿ51ÿÿ"!ÿ

26 ÿÿ#ÿ$%&'()296ÿ#ÿÿ##ÿ+ÿÿÿÿÿ

27 ÿÿÿÿÿ+ÿ71ÿ.ÿ$#ÿ/ÿ%##ÿ#ÿ

28 1!ÿÿ+ÿÿ8+ÿÿÿ#ÿ+#ÿÿ9ÿ'ÿÿ

29 "ÿ#"ÿ$($ÿÿÿÿ+ÿÿÿÿÿ:ÿ8#ÿ

3
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32 24ÿ <!ÿÿ,ÿ"ÿÿ1!ÿÿ$!ÿ$ÿ-ÿ"ÿ#ÿ

33 "ÿ#ÿ$%&'()29ÿÿÿ/ÿ31ÿÿ214ÿÿÿÿÿ#ÿÿ

31 34 35 36 37 38

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1ÿÿ ÿ

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2 ÿ5ÿÿÿÿ7ÿ341ÿÿÿ78ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ

3 ÿÿÿÿ6ÿÿÿ!"ÿÿ!ÿÿÿÿÿÿ!#ÿÿÿ

4 !ÿÿÿÿÿ25ÿ$ÿÿÿÿ%ÿ$ÿ

1 ÿÿ!ÿÿÿ$ÿÿÿ#ÿÿÿ

5 &ÿ#ÿ

6 25ÿ (ÿÿ)ÿÿÿÿ!ÿÿ*ÿÿÿ

7 !ÿ+#ÿÿ!ÿ!ÿÿ,!ÿ!&-ÿÿÿ!"ÿ

8 ÿÿÿÿ./01$29ÿ2ÿÿÿÿÿÿ#ÿ

9 !ÿÿ#ÿ3ÿÿÿÿ!ÿÿ!#ÿÿ

2
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22 26ÿ 4ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ5ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

23 "ÿÿ+#"ÿ!ÿÿÿÿ"!ÿ!ÿÿ

24 27ÿ ÿÿ!ÿÿÿ!&ÿ.6ÿÿÿÿ+#"ÿÿ

21 ÿÿ./01$29ÿ!ÿÿÿÿÿ7!ÿ6ÿ3
3
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25 7ÿ#!ÿ"ÿ.6ÿ8ÿ4!ÿ.ÿÿ"ÿÿÿ.6ÿ

26 ÿ!9ÿ!ÿ!ÿÿ7!ÿ37ÿ3
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27 1ÿ:ÿÿ4#ÿÿ.#ÿ1ÿ3
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28 29 3
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1ÿÿ ÿ

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2 ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ

3 ÿÿÿÿÿ!ÿ

4 ÿ#$ÿÿÿÿÿÿ%ÿÿÿ

5

$&ÿÿ$ÿÿ'ÿ&ÿÿÿ(ÿÿ)*)&ÿ

1

ÿ%(ÿÿ+),ÿ&ÿ%ÿÿ$ÿÿÿÿ

6

%ÿÿÿ ÿ

7 (ÿÿÿÿ%ÿÿ$ÿÿ%ÿÿÿÿÿ

8

ÿ-ÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

9 ÿÿ+),ÿ%ÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ)*)ÿ$ÿ

2


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22

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23 ÿÿ+),ÿ%ÿÿÿ%-ÿ$ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿ

24

$ÿ%&ÿ ÿ ÿÿÿ(ÿÿÿÿ

25

(ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ(ÿÿ

21

ÿÿÿÿÿ%%ÿÿ

26 ÿÿÿÿ$ÿÿÿÿÿÿ%%ÿÿÿÿ

27

(ÿÿ%ÿÿ+),ÿ%ÿÿÿÿ$ÿ

28

ÿÿ$ÿÿÿ%ÿ$$ÿ-ÿ

29

,%$ÿ $ÿÿÿ ÿÿÿ0ÿ

3


)12+*329ÿ%ÿÿ(ÿ%ÿÿÿ3$ÿ%ÿ

32

$$ÿÿÿ%ÿ

33 ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ%ÿÿ#ÿÿÿ-ÿ

34

ÿ'%ÿ ÿÿ&ÿ+),ÿÿ-%ÿÿÿ

35

ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ%ÿ(ÿ$ÿÿ

31

ÿÿÿÿ%ÿÿ%%%ÿ

36 $ÿÿ+),ÿ%ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ%(ÿ

37

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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-2 Filed 04/14/20 Page 17 of 20 Page ID #:202
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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-2 Filed 04/14/20 Page 20 of 20 Page ID #:205
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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-3 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 30 Page ID #:206

1

SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841)

2

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com

aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN

3

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW

(SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org

4

Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347)

5

Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201

jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO

6

(SBN 321939) AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046) mcho@aclusocal.org

7

amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)

ACLU Foundation of Southern California

8

jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017

9

355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560

Telephone: (213) 977-9500

10

Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763

11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

13

14

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO

)

17 CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR

) ADELANTO COVID

18

ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) ) )

DECLARATION OF TODD WILLIAM SCHNEBERK, MD

19

)

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

)

20

)

v.

)

21

)

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

22 Department of Homeland Security;

)

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy

)

23 Director and Senior Official Performing )

the Duties of the Director, U.S.

)

24 Immigration and Customs Enforcement; )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

25 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration )

26 and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES )

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE

)

27 Processing Center,

)

28

Respondents-Defendants.

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-3 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 30 Page ID #:207

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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-3 Filed 04/14/20 Page 3 of 30 Page ID #:208

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1 I declare under penalty of perjury of the laws ofthe State of California and the United States that the foregoing is true and correct. Executed this 10th day of
2 April, 2020 in Los Angeles, California.
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Todd William Schneberk, M.D.

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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-4 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 4 Page ID #:236

1

SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841)

2

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com

aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN

3

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW

(SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org

4

Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347)

5

Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201

jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO

6

(SBN 321939) AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046) mcho@aclusocal.org

7

amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)

ACLU Foundation of Southern California

8

jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017

9

355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560

Telephone: (213) 977-9500

10

Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763

11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

13

14

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO

)

17 CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR

) ADELANTO COVID

18

ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) ) )

DECLARATION OF CHRISTINA AVALOS

19

)

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

)

20

)

v.

)

21

)

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

22 Department of Homeland Security;

)

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy

)

23 Director and Senior Official Performing )

the Duties of the Director, U.S.

)

24 Immigration and Customs Enforcement; )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

25 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration )

26 and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES )

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE

)

27 Processing Center,

)

28

Respondents-Defendants.

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-4 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 4 Page ID #:237

1

DECLARATION OF CHRISTINA AVALOS

2

3

I, CHRISTINA AVALOS, hereby declare:

4

1. I make this declaration based on my own personal knowledge and if

5 called to testify I could and would do so competently as follows:

6

2. I am a Skadden Fellow and Staff Attorney at the Coalition for Human

7 Immigration Rights (CHIRLA). CHIRLA is a 50l(c)(3) non-profit immigrants'

8 rights organization.

9

3. In my capacity as Skadden Fellow/Staff Attorney at CHIRLA, I

10 represent c lients in immigration comt, state court, and before United States

11 Citizenship and Immigration Services. I received a B.A. from UC Berkeley. I

12 received my J.D. from UCLA School of Law. I was admitted to the State Bar of

13 California in 2019 (SBN 329043).

14

4. I submit this declaration in support of a petition for a writ of habeas

15 corpus and motion for temporary restraining order based on the risk of serious

16 illness and death that my client Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez and others in

17 Adelanto face due to the cu1Tent COVID-19 pandemic.

18 Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez

19

5. I represent Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez in her administrative

20 removal proceedings before the Executive Office of Immigration Review (EOIR).

21 I have been representing Beatriz since February 10, 2020.

22

6. This declaration is based on my personal knowledge from

23 representing Beatriz in her removal proceedings, and my review of and the

24 documents pertaining to her ilnmigration case.

25

7. Beatriz is detained in the Immigration and Customs Enforcement

26 ("ICE") Detention Center in Adelanto, California. She has been detained in

27 Adelanto since September 6, 2019.

28

DECLA RATION OF CHRISTINA AVALOS

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-4 Filed 04/14/20 Page 3 of 4 Page ID #:238

1

8. Beatriz is 31 years old and a citizen of Colombia. She was a vocal

2 supporter of women's rights in Colombia and faced emotional, mental, physical,

3 and sexual abuse from her ex-partner and others as a result. In 2019, she fled to the

4 United States to seek asylum. In September 2019, an asylum officer found that she

5 has a credible fear of returning to Colombia.

6

9. Beatriz was recently diagnosed with human papiJloma virus (HPV),

7 with possible precancerous cells detected. She has also been diagnosed with

8 hypertension, anxiety, and depression, for which she takes medication.

9

10. Beatriz has never been charged with or convicted of any crime, in the

10 United States or any other country.

11

11. Beatriz has told me that she is scared that she wi 11 contract COVID-19

12 and become ill if she remains detained in Adelanto. She reports that no precautions

13 are being taken by the guards for themselves or the detainees. She also mentioned

14 that a few days ago there was a death in men's side of the facility. Another

15 detainee, who had severe headaches for several days, began convulsing on the

16 floor and no one did anything until the convulsions stopped and the detainee was

17 still. Then a person in a hazmat suit came and took the detainee away. Beatriz was

18 very distraught by seeing this. She told me that she is worried about her own

19 severe headaches. The nurses only prescribed ibuprofen, but it is not enough to

20 make her headaches subside. She is also not receiving medication for her

21 hypertension.

22

I2. On April 2, I submitted a humanitarian parole request for Beatriz. I

23 asked that ICE release her to protect her from the dangers posed by the COVID-19

24 pandemic. As of April J0, I have not received a response to my request.

25

13. I talked to Beatriz abo ut what it means to be a class representative.

26 She understands she represents a class of all people detained at Adelanto. She

27 knows she represents the interests of all members ofthe class, not just herself. She

28 knows she needs to keep up to date with the case and giver her lawyers any

DECLARATION OF CHRISTINA A YALOS

2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-4 Filed 04/14/20 Page 4 of 4 Page ID #:239

1 information they may need. She wants to be a class representative because she

2 feels everyone in Adelanto is in danger from corona virus and wants to help protect

3 them.

4

14. If released, Beatriz will live with her U.S. citizen sponsor, Marlene

5 Monroy, in Ontario, California. As her sponsor, Marlene has committed to

6 providing Beatriz with room and board and ensuring that she will attend all her

7 immigration hearings. At Marlene's house, Beatriz will be able to socially d istance

8 and otherwise comply with public health recommendations to prevent the spread of

9 COVID- 19.

10

11

I declare under penalty of perjury of the laws of the State of California and

12 the United States that the foregoing is true and correct. Executed this 11 day of

13 April, 2020 in Los Angeles, California.

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27
28

DECLARATION OP CHRISTINA AVA LOS

3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-5 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 7 Page ID #:240

1

SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841)

2

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com

aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN

3

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW

(SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org

4

Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347)

5

Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201

jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO

6

(SBN 321939) AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046) mcho@aclusocal.org

7

amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)

ACLU Foundation of Southern California

8

jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017

9

355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560

Telephone: (213) 977-9500

10

Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763

11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

13

14

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO

)

17 CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR

) ADELANTO COVID

18

ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) ) )

DECLARATION OF RUTH CALVILLO

19

)

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

)

20

)

v.

)

21

)

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

22 Department of Homeland Security;

)

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy

)

23 Director and Senior Official Performing )

the Duties of the Director, U.S.

)

24 Immigration and Customs Enforcement; )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

25 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration )

26 and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES )

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE

)

27 Processing Center,

)

28

Respondents-Defendants.

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-5 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 7 Page ID #:241

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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-5 Filed 04/14/20 Page 7 of 7 Page ID #:246

1

I declare under penalty of perjury of the laws of the State of Californ ia and

2 the United States that the fo regoing is true and correct. Executed this 12th day of

3 April, 2020 in Los Angeles, California.

4

5

6

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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-6 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 8 Page ID #:247

1

SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841)

2

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com

aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN

3

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW

(SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org

4

Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347)

5

Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201

jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO

6

(SBN 321939) AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046) mcho@aclusocal.org

7

amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)

ACLU Foundation of Southern California

8

jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017

9

355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560

Telephone: (213) 977-9500

10

Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763

11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

13

14

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO

)

17 CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR

) ADELANTO COVID

18

ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) ) )

DECLARATION OF ERIKA ROMAN

19

)

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

)

20

)

v.

)

21

)

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

22 Department of Homeland Security;

)

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy

)

23 Director and Senior Official Performing )

the Duties of the Director, U.S.

)

24 Immigration and Customs Enforcement; )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

25 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration )

26 and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES )

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE

)

27 Processing Center,

)

28

Respondents-Defendants.

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-6 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 8 Page ID #:248

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1 I declare under penalty of perjury ofthe laws ofthe State of California and the

2 United States that the foregoing is true and correct. Executed this 11 day of April,

3 2020 in Los Angeles, California. 4 5 6 7

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ERIKA ROMAN

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DECLARATION OF ERIKA ROMAN

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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-6 Filed 04/14/20 Page 5 of 8 Page ID #:251
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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-6 Filed 04/14/20 Page 6 of 8 Page ID #:252 OFFICE OF THE
DISTRICT ATTORNEY
ORANGE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
TODD SPITZER, DISTRICT ATTORNEY
November 21, 2019
HERNANDEZ ROMAN, KELVIN ESTIVEN - 3124826 ADELANTO DETENTION FACILITY 10400 RANCHO ROAD ADELANTO, CA 92301
Dear KELVIN ESTIVEN HERNANDEZ ROMAN
Our office received your letter demanding a speedy resolution on your Orange County case(s) pursuant to Penal Code section 1381.5. We have determined that you currently have no active warrant or open cases in Orange County. As a result, our office will take no further action in the matter.

Sincerely,
RAY ARMSTRONG Deputy District Attorney Special Prosecutions Unit
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:PLY TO: ORANGE COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEY'S OFFICE

I MAINOFACE
fcJVJCCENTER DR. W.

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NORTH OFFICE N. BERKELEY AVE.

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8141 13TH STREET

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FULLERTON, CA 92631

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(714) 77344a0

(714) 896~726

0 HARBOR OFFICE
4601 JAMBOREE ROAD NEWPORT BEACH, CA 92660
(949) 476-4650

WEB PAGE: www.OrangeCountyDA.com

D JUVENILE OFFICE

D CENTRAL OFFICE

341 CITY DRIVE SOUTH ORANGE, CA 92668

700 CIVIC CENTER DR W SANTAANA, CA 92701

(714) 835-7624

(714) 568-3600

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-6 Filed 04/14/20 Page 7 of 8 Page ID #:253
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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-7 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 5 Page ID #:255

1

SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841)

2

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com

aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN

3

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW

(SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org

4

Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347)

5

Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201

jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO

6

(SBN 321939) AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046) mcho@aclusocal.org

7

amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)

ACLU Foundation of Southern California

8

jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017

9

355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560

Telephone: (213) 977-9500

10

Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763

11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

13

14

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO

)

17 CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR

) ADELANTO COVID

18

ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) ) )

DECLARATION OF LESLY GAONA

19

)

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

)

20

)

v.

)

21

)

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

22 Department of Homeland Security;

)

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy

)

23 Director and Senior Official Performing )

the Duties of the Director, U.S.

)

24 Immigration and Customs Enforcement; )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

25 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration )

26 and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES )

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE

)

27 Processing Center,

)

28

Respondents-Defendants.

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-7 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 5 Page ID #:256

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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-8 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 10 Page ID #:260

1 SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com
2 WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com
3 LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW
4 Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304
5 Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201
6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)
7 amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)
8 jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
9 355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560
10 Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763
11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners
12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 17

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

) )

ADELANTO COVID

) )

DECLARATION OF

18

) CHARLESTON EDWARD

19

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

) DACOFF )

20 v.

) )

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

21 Department of Homeland Security;

)

22

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing

) )

23

the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement;

) )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

24 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

25

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES

) )

26

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

) )

)

27

Respondents-Defendants. )

28

)

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-8 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 10 Page ID #:261

1

DECLARATION OF CHARLESTON EDWARD DACOFF

2

I, CHARLESTON EDWARD DACOFF, hereby declare:

3

1. I make this declaration based on my own personal knowledge and if

4 called to testify I could and would do so competently as follows:

5

2. I am 54 years old and a citizen of Belize. I entered the United States

6 when I was 10 years old and have considered the U.S. my home ever since. I have

7 been married to my wife Pamela since 1990—30 years of marriage. Pamela, our

8 son, my mother, and my two sisters are all U.S. citizens.

9

3. I have been diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes with neuropathy,

10 hypertension, and congestive heart failure, as well as multiple other medical

11 conditions.

12

4. Until I was released from Adelanto ICE Processing Facility

13 (Adelanto) on Friday, April 3, 2020 by a temporary restraining order issued by this

14 Court, I had been detained at Adelanto since March 13, 2017—just over 3 years.

15

5. When I was released from Adelanto, ICE placed a GPS monitor on

16 my ankle.

17

6. I submit this declaration in support of a petition for a writ of habeas

18 corpus and motion for a preliminary injunction based on the risks of serious illness

19 and death due to the current COVID-19 pandemic that I, and others like me, face if

20 detained in Adelanto.

21 Living at Adelanto ICE Processing Facility

22

7. In Adelanto, I was detained in Adelanto West, in a four-man cell that

23 contained two pairs of bunk beds on either side of the cell. The cell was

24 approximately 8 feet by 10 feet. The bunk beds were placed approximately 2.5 to

25 3 feet apart. When I sat on my bed, I could place my legs on the bed across from

26 me. I am about 5 feet 8 inches tall.

27

8. At one end of the cell was one toilet with a small sink attached to and

28 above the toilet. The toilet and sink were not disinfected between use. It was not

1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-8 Filed 04/14/20 Page 3 of 10 Page ID #:262

1 consistently possible to get disinfecting supplies throughout the day, and

2 practically speaking it would be very difficult and time-consuming for four guys

3 sharing a single toilet and single sink to disinfect between each person’s use.

4

9. The cell was small for four grown men to share. There wasn’t

5 enough space for everyone to move around. Each of us had a box where we could

6 store our stuff. The men on the top bunk had boxes attached to the side of the

7 bunk, while the men on the bottom bunks had our boxes underneath the bunk. The

8 cell was too small for the men on the bottom bunks to take out their boxes at the

9 same time. We had to access our boxes one at a time, and ask each other to please

10 make room when we wanted to access our boxes.

11

10. During my three years detained at Adelanto, the cells I stayed in were

12 nearly always fully occupied by 4 people. When someone left Adelanto, there

13 would be fewer than 4 people for only about 1–2 days. There was never an empty

14 bed for long.

15

11. In each dorm, there were 18 cells of 4, so about 72 men in each dorm.

16 The cells were numbered from 101–108 on the bottom floor, and 201–210 on the

17 upstairs floor. The cells were adjacent to each other. If I was standing at the door

18 to my cell, and a guy was standing at the door to his cell next to mine, we could

19 reach out our arms and touch each other. I estimate the cell doors were about 3 or

20 4 feet apart from each other.

21

12. In the middle of the dorm were about 10–12 tables, with 4 stools

22 around each table. We detainees were responsible for cleaning the tables and

23 stools ourselves. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, after the cleaning supplies ran

24 out it was common to go 2, 3, or 4 days without having them refilled. You would

25 have to beg the officers to refill the cleaning supplies. Since about 2 weeks before

26 my release, starting around March 20, 2020, Adelanto began regularly refilling the

27 cleaning supplies. That was the first time in my memory the detainees ever had

28 consistently available cleaning supplies.

2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-8 Filed 04/14/20 Page 4 of 10 Page ID #:263

1

13. In each dorm, there was a showering area for all 72 men to share.

2 This shower area was located on the downstairs section of the dorm, next to cell

3 108. We sometimes referred to the shower as cell number 109. The shower area

4 contained 6 shower taps—3 on each side—and 1 handicap-accessible shower. The

5 shower area was open. There were walls to separate each shower stall, but no

6 doors for privacy between the shower taps. The shower stalls were so narrow that

7 in my mind, they resembled vertical coffins.

8

14. The showers were placed so close together that you could reach out

9 your hand and press the button for the shower adjacent to yours, even though it

10 was separated by a wall. If someone was next to you or across from you taking a

11 shower, you could feel the water from the shower bouncing off your neighbor

12 coming into your shower area. That is why I and other detainees placed our towels

13 and clean boxers in tied plastic bags. If you didn’t do that, all your things would

14 get wet because everything is so close together.

15

15. The showers stand out in my mind as particularly dirty parts of the

16 facility. The staff sprayed it with some substance every morning, but this did not

17 clean the showers in any way. Once, when I was detained in the dorm called Two

18 Bravo, there were worms coming up from the drain of the shower. When you

19 walked into the shower area, you could see little white worms crawling out from

20 the drain. The handicap-accessible shower also had worms coming out of the

21 drain. This went on for about three months. I don’t know if this problem still

22 persists. I was transferred from Two Bravo to another dorm about 4 months ago.

23

16. The responsibility largely fell on us detainees to keep the showers as

24 clean as possible. Whether the shower area was clean depended wholly on how

25 clean that unit was, and whether there was somebody in it who really wanted to

26 live in a clean area. We were given the same cleaning supplies to clean the

27 showers as we used to mop the floors. We often went 2, 3, or 4 days without

28 getting empty cleaning supplies refilled.

3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-8 Filed 04/14/20 Page 5 of 10 Page ID #:264

1

17. When we did not have access to cleaning supplies, we had to clean the

2 showers with water and shampoo. Sometimes, the storage room was out of

3 shampoo. In that case, we would have to use shampoo that some guys bought from

4 the commissary for their personal use to clean the shower area.

5

18. The showers were open from morning to night, and guys could use the

6 shower any time, except for when we had to be locked in our cells. Typically, the

7 showers were crowded all day. If I wanted privacy to shower, I would have to

8 either shower around very early in the morning—between 4–6:30 am—or very late

9 at night—after 11:45 pm. At all other times, the showers were packed.

10

19. Another really unsanitary, filthy part of the facility was the eating

11 area. When you walk into the eating area, you can see food left on the table and

12 food on the ground.

13

20. The Adelanto staff do not sanitize or clean the eating area. We

14 detainees were responsible for cleaning it, but we did were not given proper

15 cleaning supplies. All we were provided to clean the eating area was a bucket of

16 water with a rag inside it, next to the area where the juice and drinking water were

17 kept. You are supposed to use the rag to clean and then replace the dirty rag in the

18 water. As a result, the water in the bucket was always dark and dirty. I never used

19 that rag to clean because I found it disgusting.

20

21. One reason the eating area was so dirty with food crusted on the table

21 and on the ground was that when detainees are being served with food, the staff

22 sometimes accidentally overfilled the tray with beans or gravy, which would spill

23 onto the counter. When the trays came sliding down the counter, they would slide

24 through all the food spilled on to the counter, like the beans and gravy. When I’ve

25 tried to clean my eating area with paper towels, it was like getting mud

26 everywhere, getting mess everywhere.

27

22. Additionally, on some occasions I have been given spoons or cups

28 that are clearly dirty from being used by detainees before me. The staff will tell

4

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-8 Filed 04/14/20 Page 6 of 10 Page ID #:265

1 you that they have been sterilized, but when you look closely you can see that the

2 utensils and cups are clearly dirty. Sometimes I received cups with coffee stains

3 still in the bottom of the cup and was told to just rinse it out.

4

23. Finally, the area you go for medical attention has an extremely filthy

5 toilet. The medical attention area is one big room, with a toilet in the room and a

6 waist-high curtain that you can pull around you if you have to use the toilet. The

7 toilet is only for detainees, not for staff. Nearly every time I went to get medical

8 attention, there was no toilet paper. I always tried to use the bathroom before

9 going to the medical attention area because I knew the toilet would be so

10 unsanitary and there wouldn’t be toilet paper. This is concerning because this was

11 an area you are supposed to go for medical care.

12 Adelanto’s COVID-19 response

13

24. While I noticed that Adelanto made some minor changes in response

14 to COVID-19 in the couple weeks before my release, the vast majority of

15 conditions have barely changed.

16

25. One main change I noticed in response to COVID-19 is that Adelanto

17 began refilling some cleaning supplies more regularly, like soap, trash bags, and

18 shampoo.

19

26. Also, around 2 or 3 weeks before my release, the staff took out all the

20 guys over 60 years old and put them in different cells, together. Some of the guys

21 were upset because they wanted to stay in their pods where they felt safe that there

22 wasn’t COVID-19. They didn’t want to be placed in a new unit with lots of other

23 vulnerable people they didn’t know and who might already have the virus. The

24 officers had to come and persuade some of the old guys to go.

25

27. Other conditions have not changed. For instance, detainees were

26 sometimes provided gloves we could use for cleaning the facility. If you needed

27 more gloves you could ask the officers for more, but whether you’d get more

28 gloves would depend on the officer. Some officers didn’t feel that gloves were a

5

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-8 Filed 04/14/20 Page 7 of 10 Page ID #:266

1 necessity, but instead more like a privilege. By the time I was released on April 3,

2 2020, this had not changed.

3

28. Similarly, by the time I was released, detainees were not being

4 provided masks for protecting ourselves against COVID-19 or from transmitting it

5 to others.

6

29. By the time I left Adelanto, the officers had promised to bring hand

7 sanitizer to the dorms, but that had not yet happened. We had hand sanitizer while

8 walking into the chow halls, but the sanitizer dispensers were often empty. When

9 we asked the officers to refill the hand sanitizer dispenser, the officers joked

10 around and did not do anything. They would refill it occasionally, but only after

11 the detainees had asked them repeatedly and only after it had been empty for a

12 while. It was usually empty for a day before being refilled.

13

30. On one occasion soon before my release, I asked a sergeant why there

14 wasn’t hand sanitizer and the sergeant replied that it was because all the guys

15 squeeze it every time they pass it, and I told him that’s the purpose of the hand

16 sanitizer. On April 1, 2020, the Wednesday before my release, the warden was

17 walking around, so I told him about the hand sanitizer being empty and he wrote it

18 down.

19

31. By the time I was released, Adelanto staff were saying that everyone

20 who enters the facility was having their temperature checked, including staff. I do

21 not feel this is a sufficiently protective measure, because someone could develop a

22 fever while they are inside the facility, or they may not have a fever even if they

23 are infected with the virus.

24

32. To the best of my knowledge, no one at Adelanto has been tested for

25 COVID-19, even though many detainees have a cough. It is so common for guys

26 in Adelanto to be sick with coughs and sneezes that we all have to get used to it.

27 You don’t know whether their symptoms are because of COVID-19 or something

28 else. After we became aware of COVID-19, we all got more nervous when

6

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-8 Filed 04/14/20 Page 8 of 10 Page ID #:267

1 someone coughed or sneezed. But just like before, we just had to live around guys

2 with coughs and sneezes. I did not notice any change in the medical care provided

3 to detainees as a response to COVID-19.

4

33. My experience with the medical care at Adelanto has been bad. Since

5 2018, I have had an enlarged prostate that needs treatment. The medical staff at

6 Adelanto would not see me for a long time, which is a typical experience for us

7 detainees. When the medical staff finally saw me, they told me that they couldn’t

8 do anything about my enlarged prostate even though I was having to force myself

9 to pee. I asked the medical staff, does my penis have to explode for you to do

10 anything about it?, and the nurse said, yes.

11

34. If the virus gets inside Adelanto, I fear there will be a lot of dead

12 bodies. Based on my experience struggling to get adequate medical care at the

13 facility, I do not believe it is equipped to take care of coronavirus patients. I pray

14 an outbreak will never happen.

15 Release from Adelanto

16

35. When I was released from Adelanto, I was so happy and grateful. I

17 had been very worried about COVID-19 while inside Adelanto because I watched

18 the news a lot and was informed about the pandemic. Knowing about the

19 pandemic made me feel very nervous about getting COVID-19 while at Adelanto,

20 especially because of my diabetes, hypertension, congestive heart failure, and other

21 physical health conditions. I thank God that I have been let out.

22

36. I am so happy to be home with my wife. We have been together for

23 34 years, and because of my detention at Adelanto we have been apart for the last

24 three. I can’t really explain the happiness I feel about being with her, to be able to

25 cook for her, have breakfast together, do things around the home to help her, and

26 help take burdens off her hands. A couple years ago, while I was detained in

27 Adelanto, our home was broken into. Ever since, she has been anxious and afraid

28 at night. She is so relieved to have me home because now she can sleep at night.

7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-8 Filed 04/14/20 Page 9 of 10 Page ID #:268

1

37. I’m very thankful that I haven’t developed symptoms of COVID-19

2 yet because it means I haven’t brought any sickness home to my family. When I

3 hit the two-week mark of being out without getting sick, I will feel so happy.

4

38. I am being very careful to do social distancing. I stay at home at all

5 times except to get medical care, in compliance with the court’s order. If I do have

6 to leave my home to get medical care, I stay at least 6 feet away from others. My

7 mom, who’s 79 years old, has wanted to see me, but I have told her not to come

8 over—just in case. I am being very careful.

9

39. I am very concerned about the detainees I know who are still in

10 Adelanto. I’ve gotten to know them and their families and I worry about them

11 getting sick. If the virus gets into Adelanto I worry what will happen to them.

12

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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-8 Filed 04/14/20 Page 10 of 10 Page ID #:269

1

I declare under penalty of perjury of the laws of the State of California and

2 the United States that the foregoing is true and correct. Executed this 12th day of

3 April, 2020 in Los Angeles, California.

4

5

6

7

CHARLESTON EDWARD DACOFF

8

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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-9 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 6 Page ID #:270

1 SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com
2 WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com
3 LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW
4 Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304
5 Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201
6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)
7 amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)
8 jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
9 355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560
10 Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763
11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners
12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 17

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

) )

ADELANTO COVID

) )

DECLARATION OF JOSE

18

) ANTONIO HERNANDEZ

19

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

) VELASQUEZ )

20 v.

) )

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

21 Department of Homeland Security;

)

22

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing

) )

23

the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement;

) )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

24 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

25

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES

) )

26

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

) )

)

27

Respondents-Defendants. )

28

)

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-9 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 6 Page ID #:271

1

DECLARATION OF JOSE ANTONIO HERNANDEZ VELASQUEZ

2

3 I, JOSE ANTONIO HERNANDEZ VELASQUEZ, hereby declare:

4

1. I make this declaration based on my own personal knowledge and if

5 called to testify I could and would do so competently as follows:

6 Background

7

2. I am 19 years old and a citizen of Guatemala. I came to the United

8 States to seek asylum when I was 17. In Guatemala, I was shot by gang members. I

9 left because I was not safe there since I had refused to join any gangs.

10

3. I have never been convicted of any crime.

11

4. I have been diagnosed with hypertension. I have to take medication

12 every day to lower my risk of a heart attack. The doctor told me it was very

13 dangerous because I was too young to be having such high blood pressure.

14 Sometimes I get really dizzy because my pressure goes so high. I often feel weak,

15 especially when I don’t eat well or sleep regularly. Every morning when I wake up

16 I can feel my heart beating really fast.

17

5. I have been detained in ICE custody from October 26, 2018 until last

18 Friday, April 3, when this Court ordered my release. At first, I was detained in

19 Theo Lacey. I was transferred to Adelanto in the Fall of 2019. When I was released

20 from Adelanto, I was placed in the Intensive Supervision Appearance Program

21 (“ISAP”). I have to wear an ankle bracelet that reports my movements constantly.

22 Living at Adelanto ICE Processing Facility

23

6. At Adelanto, I shared a very small cell with three other people. I

24 always felt like there was no space. It was hard to sleep with other people sleeping

25 so close.

26

7. There was one toilet in the room. Every two days, we were supposed

27 to clean it. Sometimes we had soap, but other times the only thing we had to clean

28 with was shampoo.

1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-9 Filed 04/14/20 Page 3 of 6 Page ID #:272

1

8. We shared one shower area between many people. The showers were

2 often dirty. Often people would throw garbage on the floor and I regularly saw

3 garbage in the showers themselves.

4

9. We ate in a cafeteria. To get food, we had to stand in a long line, very

5 close to the person on other side. Up to 100 people would eat in the cafeteria at the

6 same time. When we sat to eat, we were very close to each other.

7

10. I had a hard time getting the medical care I needed in Adelanto. One

8 time the staff even threw out my medicine. I kept the medicine I take for my high

9 blood pressure in my cell. One day I came back to my cell after seeing a visitor in

10 the visiting area and found that all my things had been thrown around and

11 everything was a mess. My medicine had been thrown in the garbage. I asked one

12 of the staff if she had come into my room and thrown out my medicine and she

13 said she had. I told her that I needed the medicine and she didn’t say anything. I

14 had to put in a kite, which is like a written request, to get my medication refilled. It

15 took almost 20 days. During that time when I was without my medicine I felt really

16 sick—dizzy and achy.

17

11. Another time, about four weeks before my release, I fell in the shower

18 and hurt my hand and foot. After I got out of the shower they began to swell and

19 hurt very badly. I asked to see a doctor, but I had to wait three days. When I finally

20 saw the doctor, they gave me crutches and some ibuprofen for the pain.

21

12. The week before I was released I was continuing to have a lot of pain

22 in my foot and hand, so I put in another kite asking to see a doctor. I got no

23 response.

24 Adelanto’s COVID-19 response

25

13. I learned about the corona virus from television. The staff never really

26 told us anything about corona virus.

27

14. About four weeks before I was released, my dorm was placed under

28 quarantine. I assumed it was related to the coronavirus, but no one ever told us the

2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-9 Filed 04/14/20 Page 4 of 6 Page ID #:273

1 reason. After about two weeks, the quarantine was lifted.

2

15. During the quarantine all the staff and guards wore masks, but

3 afterwards only some did; many others did not.

4

16. In the weeks before I was released from Adelanto, neither I or the

5 other detainees I knew were ever given masks or gloves. There was hand sanitizer

6 available when we went to eat, but never at any other time.

7

17. We continued to eat in the cafeteria with many other people and share

8 the same shower area. I remained in my cell with three other people.

9

18. In those weeks, there were a lot of people in my dorm with flulike

10 symptoms, including fevers and coughs. We asked the staff if we could get tested

11 for the virus, but they just ignored us. We never got any tests.

12

19. The week before I was released, I shared a room with a man who was

13 getting sick. He had a cough and a fever. As far as I know, he was never tested for

14 the corona virus.

15 Release from Adelanto

16

20. When I was released from Adelanto, I felt so happy. Inside, I had been

17 so worried. I was scared that I would get really sick or even die there.

18

21. When I got out, I was so relieved because I didn’t have to be close to

19 people who might have the corona virus. It felt so good.

20

22. I am now staying in self-isolation in a hotel in Los Angeles. I plan to

21 stay here for fourteen days. I am doing all that I can to practice social distancing.

22 After my self-isolation, I will live with a family in Long Beach, California that has

23 agreed to take me in and give me a place to stay where I will be able to continue

24 social distancing.

25

26

27

28

3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-9 Filed 04/14/20 Page 5 of 6 Page ID #:274

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-9 Filed 04/14/20 Page 6 of 6 Page ID #:275
CERTIFICATE OF TRANSLATION I, Lindsay Toczylowski, certify that I am fluent in Spanish and English. I translated the foregoing declaration to Jose Antonio Hemandez Velasquez in Spanish on April 10, 2020. After I completed translating the declaration, Mr. Hernandez Velasquez verified that the contents of the foregoing declaration are true and accurate.
Date

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-10 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 6 Page ID #:276

1 SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com
2 WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com
3 LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW
4 Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304
5 Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201
6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)
7 amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)
8 jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
9 355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560
10 Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763
11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners
12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 17

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

) )

ADELANTO COVID

) )

DECLARATION OF LUIS

18

) LOPEZ SALGADO

19

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

)

)

20 v.

) )

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

21 Department of Homeland Security;

)

22

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing

) )

23

the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement;

) )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

24 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

25

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES

) )

26

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

) )

)

27

Respondents-Defendants. )

28

)

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-10 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 6 Page ID #:277

1

DECLARATION OF LUIS LOPEZ SALGADO

2

I, LUIS LOPEZ SALGADO, hereby declare:

3

1. I make this declaration based on my own personal knowledge and if

4 called to testify I could and would do so competently as follows:

5

2. I am 40 years old and a citizen of Mexico. I entered the United States

6 in 1981, when I was about a year old, and have lived in the U.S. ever since. I

7 became a lawful permanent resident when I was 15 years old. Both of my parents

8 are also lawful permanent residents, and my younger brother is a U.S. citizen. I

9 currently reside with my mother in Los Angeles.

10

3. I have been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), as

11 well as post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression.

12

4. Until my release from Adelanto ICE Processing Facility (Adelanto)

13 on Friday, April 3, 2020, by a temporary restraining order issued by this Court, I

14 had been detained at Adelanto since August 2018—a little over 1 year and 7

15 months.

16

5. When I was released from Adelanto, ICE put a GPS monitor on my

17 ankle.

18

6. I submit this declaration in support of a petition for a writ of habeas

19 corpus and motion for a preliminary injunction based on the risks of serious illness

20 and death due to the current COVID-19 pandemic that I, and others like me, face if

21 detained in Adelanto.

22 Living at Adelanto ICE Processing Facility

23

7. In Adelanto, I was detained in Adelanto West. I stayed in five

24 different dorms throughout my detention. Twice, I had to be moved to new dorms

25 because the guys in the dorm found out I was gay and wanted to beat me up. In the

26 first four dorms where I stayed, I shared a cell with 3 other guys. In the last

27 dorm—One Alpha—I was in a tiny cell all by myself. I was segregated in a single-

28 person cell because of the homophobic threats I faced when I shared cells with

1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-10 Filed 04/14/20 Page 3 of 6 Page ID #:278

1 other men. When I was released, I had been living in my single-person cell in One

2 Alpha for several months.

3

8. My cell in One Alpha was only a little bit bigger than the size of a

4 queen size bed. It was a similar width, and a little longer. There was very little

5 room. There was a little toilet and sink in the cell. There were 25 guys in the One

6 Alpha dorm, all segregated in single cells. If any guys in the dorm got into a fight

7 or argument they’d lock down the whole dorm and I’d be isolated inside the small

8 cell until the lockdown was over.

9

9. The cells in One Alpha were very close to each other. The doors were

10 only about 1 foot apart. So, if I were standing at the door of my cell and my

11 neighbor was standing at the door of his cell, we were just about a foot apart.

12

10. The detainees were responsible for cleaning everything in the dorm—

13 the tables, the day room, the microwave, coffee pot, everything.

14

11. The detainees were also responsible for cleaning the showers. But it

15 was really hard to keep them clean. They were always really unsanitary. The

16 showers are always, always packed. They are so dirty. There are bodily fluids on

17 the floor, lots of hair, dirty soap. Some people left wet clothes on the floor of the

18 shower. The showers had a lot of mold.

19

12. I never saw a staff member clean the showers. They sprayed it with

20 something every day, but they never cleaned the showers. The detainees were

21 expected to do the cleaning. Similarly, the toilets were sometimes very dirty, with

22 dried urine stuck on the toilet for days.

23

13. The tables in the eating area were sometimes very dirty. The

24 detainees were responsible for cleaning them. I never saw a staff member clean

25 the eating area.

26

14. We were supposed to have cleaning supplies, but about half the time I

27 needed cleaning supplies there weren’t any. If we had to clean but there were no

28 cleaning supplies available, we just did our best to clean with water. Additionally,

2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-10 Filed 04/14/20 Page 4 of 6 Page ID #:279

1 when there were cleaning supplies, they were not freely available to the detainees.

2 We had to ask the officers for permission to retrieve and use them. Some officers

3 would give you cleaning supplies when you asked, but some would not. It

4 depended on the officer. I frequently felt like I had to basically beg for access to

5 the cleaning supplies.

6

15. Several times during my detention, we ran out of toilet paper.

7 Sometimes, the officer wouldn’t give us more toilet paper even after we ran out. If

8 that happened, I had to buy toilet paper from someone who had some.

9

16. I have had a lot of difficulty with getting adequate medical care at

10 Adelanto. On several occasions, the medical staff forgot to refill my HIV

11 medication, leaving me without medication for a few days or up to a week at a

12 time. I believe the staff forgot to order my medication refills because there are so

13 many people who need prescription medications at Adelanto. So sometimes

14 getting my medication regularly refilled fell through the cracks.

15

17. Once, I needed to get medical attention because I had a great deal of

16 pain in my stomach. The doctor said he’d schedule me for an appointment, but

17 because Adelanto is so overcrowded, it took a long time. I had to wait about 1 or 2

18 months just to be seen by anyone. It turned out my stomach pain was a swollen

19 liver, which resulted in a hernia.

20 Adelanto’s COVID-19 response

21

18. I noticed almost no changes when the COVID-19 pandemic began. I

22 found about COVID-19 on the news. Adelanto staff didn’t tell us anything. At

23 some point, they put up signs saying to cover your mouth if you sneeze, and if you

24 wash your hands to throw the paper towel away. But they didn’t tell us about

25 coronavirus. We learned about the virus from the news. It was not until the

26 officers told us that family visits were being canceled that Adelanto told us

27 anything about the virus.

28

19. I expected that the staff would clean the facility more often because of

3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-10 Filed 04/14/20 Page 5 of 6 Page ID #:280

1 COVID-19, but that didn’t happen. When I was released from Adelanto last

2 Friday, officers were still coming into the facility without masks. Occasionally

3 they used gloves, but inconsistently. I never saw the officers clean anything except

4 their own desks or belongings.

5

20. By the time I was released from Adelanto, detainees were not being

6 given masks to protect themselves or others from COVID-19.

7

21. There was no hand sanitizer for detainees. There was hand sanitizer

8 before you entered the dorm, but that was for the officers only.

9

22. When I learned about COVID-19, I was very scared. I knew that

10 because of my HIV, if I got COVID-19 I could die. My immune system does not

11 work like a healthy immune system. For my immune system to work properly, I

12 have to be up to date on my medications. And Adelanto medical staff were not

13 always refilling my medications regularly. Every time I failed to get a refill of my

14 medications, I was really scared that my immune system would become weak and

15 that I would get sick and struggle to recover. I was worried that the officers would

16 bring in the virus. The officers are the ones who will spread COVID-19 to the

17 detainees, because they’re the ones going out and then coming back into the

18 facility.

19

23. After the COVID-19 pandemic was already everywhere, I remember

20 some officers coughed and sneezed without covering their mouths. We detainees

21 would ask them to cover their mouths, but some officers just ignored us.

22 Release from Adelanto

23

24. I felt so happy when I learned I would be released from Adelanto. I

24 prayed and prayed that I would be released. It was just my daughter’s birthday.

25 She died when she was 7 months old. But this April 2 would have been her 14th

26 birthday. I was released just a day after her birthday. That felt really special.

27

25. It feels so beautiful and wonderful to live with my mother again. It’s

28 a beautiful feeling. I am still as happy as I was the day I was released.

4

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-10 Filed 04/14/20 Page 6 of 6 Page ID #:281

1

26. I am eating much healthier food now that I am out of Adelanto. I am

2 eating a lot of fruits and other food that is much more nutritious than what was

3 available at Adelanto.

4

27. I am also able to keep far better hygiene habits than in Adelanto. We

5 have Clorox wipes to clean surfaces, and we have hand sanitizer. My mom and I

6 are very careful to keep everything very clean. We are also careful to stay six feet

7 away from others. I am aware that I need to be very careful to minimize my

8 chances of catching COVID-19.

9

10

11

I declare under penalty of perjury of the laws of the State of California and

12 the United States that the foregoing is true and correct. Executed this 12th day of

13 April, 2020 in Los Angeles, California.

14

15

16

17

LUIS LOPEZ SALGADO

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

5

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-11 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 9 Page ID #:282

1 SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com
2 WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com
3 LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW
4 Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304
5 Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201
6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)
7 amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)
8 jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
9 355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560
10 Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763
11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners
12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 17

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

) )

ADELANTO COVID

) )

DECLARATION OF PAOLA

18

) RAYON VITE

19

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

)

)

20 v.

) )

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

21 Department of Homeland Security;

)

22

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing

) )

23

the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement;

) )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

24 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

25

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES

) )

26

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

) )

)

27

Respondents-Defendants. )

28

)

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-11 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 9 Page ID #:283

1

DECLARATION OF PAOLA RAYON VITE

2

I, PAOLA RAYON VITE, hereby declare:

3

1. I make this declaration based on my own personal knowledge and if

4 called to testify I could and would do so competently as follows:

5

2. I am 35 years old and a citizen of Mexico. I entered the United States

6 when I was 3 years old and have considered the U.S. my home ever since. I have

7 been a lawful permanent resident since October 1998, when I was 13 years old. I

8 have three U.S. citizen children whom I love with all my heart. My mother and

9 father are both lawful permanent residents. My siblings are both U.S. citizens. I

10 currently reside with my uncle, a U.S. citizen.

11

3. I have been diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes, asthma, and depression.

12

4. Until I was released from Adelanto ICE Processing Facility

13 (Adelanto) on Friday, April 3, 2020 by a temporary restraining order issued by this

14 Court, I had been detained at Adelanto since November 2019—over four months.

15

5. When I was released from Adelanto, ICE placed a GPS monitor on

16 my ankle.

17

6. I submit this declaration in support of a petition for a writ of habeas

18 corpus and motion for a preliminary injunction based on the risks of serious illness

19 and death due to the current COVID-19 pandemic that I, and others like me, face if

20 detained in Adelanto.

21 Living at Adelanto ICE Processing Facility

22

7. In Adelanto, I was detained in Adelanto East, in a big dorm that held

23 about 52 women. Almost always, every bed in the dorm was occupied. There

24 were four dorms in Adelanto East, labeled A, B, C, or D. I was initially placed in

25 Dorm B, and then moved to Dorm C.

26

8. All the beds were bunk beds, with 1 upper bed and 1 lower bed. The

27 bunk beds were close together—each bunk bed was less than 2 feet apart from the

28 next. When I was in my bed, 5 other women were very close to me—2 were

1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-11 Filed 04/14/20 Page 3 of 9 Page ID #:284

1 bunked perpendicular to my feet; 2 were bunked perpendicular to my head; and 1

2 woman had the bunk bed on top of mine.

3

9. The dorm had two tiers. The lower tier contained 26 beds, tables and

4 chairs for eating, 3 showers, and 3 toilets. The showers and 2 of the toilets were

5 very close to the area where we ate our meals. The entrance to the bathroom was

6 only about 6 feet away from some of the dining tables. Sometimes, if you were

7 eating lunch or dinner and someone used the restroom, you could smell it. The

8 upper tier contained 26 beds, 1 toilet, and 1 shower.

9

10. The showers were constantly very disgusting. There was hair

10 everywhere and toilet paper around the shower. The restrooms downstairs were

11 also very filthy, with toilet paper and hair everywhere. It was the detainees’

12 responsibility to keep the restrooms clean. However, we did not always have

13 cleaning supplies or gloves to clean with.

14

11. We were only given access to cleaning supplies to clean the eating

15 area. If you wanted to clean other parts of the dorms, such as the showers, you

16 could only get cleaning supplies during mealtimes. So either we could eat, or we

17 could clean. I never saw an Adelanto staff member clean the showers or toilets in

18 the dorm.

19

12. Likewise, it was detainees’ responsibility to keep the eating area

20 clean. I never saw an Adelanto staff member clean the eating area.

21

13. There was no hand sanitizer available to detainees. We were not

22 provided with masks. Some staff members wore masks, but not all of them. We

23 were not provided with gloves, except for cleaning the eating area. Some officers

24 would give you gloves if you asked for them, but others would not.

25

14. A few days before I was released, our dorm had no toilet paper for

26 about 2 days. We asked the officers what we were supposed to do without toilet

27 paper, and the officer said that none of the dorms in Adelanto East had toilet paper.

28 Some detainees store or save small amounts of toilet paper just in case, so some of

2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-11 Filed 04/14/20 Page 4 of 9 Page ID #:285

1 them shared their toilet paper with others. Other women just forced themselves not

2 to use the toilet as much as possible during this time.

3 Adelanto’s COVID-19 response

4

15. Adelanto did not tell us anything about COVID-19 until about three

5 weeks before my April 3, 2020 release, when they announced to us that they were

6 canceling all family visits.

7

16. However, I observed almost no other changes in the facility as a result

8 of the COVID-19 pandemic. The biggest change I observed was that a couple days

9 before I was released, Adelanto staff posted some flyers on the wall. The flyers

10 said to wash your hands for 20 seconds and to report if you came down with a

11 cough or fever.

12

17. I had never heard of the term “social distancing” until my immigration

13 attorney asked me if it was being implemented at Adelanto—on or around March

14 28, 2020.

15

18. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic was already widespread in

16 California and the U.S., women in Adelanto who were coughing got little or no

17 medical attention. I saw women coughing but the medical staff didn’t do anything

18 to help them. Even if someone had a fever, the staff said there were no doctors to

19 help them.

20

19. About a week before my release, one of the women in my dorm was

21 sick. Another detainee told an officer that she was coughing and was hot to the

22 touch and hadn’t gotten out of bed all day. She asked if the sick woman could be

23 checked by medical staff. At first the nurse didn’t appear to believe her, because

24 she said, how do you know she has a fever—do you have a thermometer? Of

25 course, detainees don’t have access to thermometers. No one came to check the

26 sick woman’s temperature until two or three hours after that.

27

20. This was consistent with the delayed medical attention I often

28 experienced at Adelanto for my diabetes. I take two types of insulin for my

3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-11 Filed 04/14/20 Page 5 of 9 Page ID #:286

1 diabetes, and it has to be administered by a doctor or nurse. At Adelanto, I was

2 supposed to get insulin twice daily, at 11 am and 4 pm. My 11 am insulin was

3 usually administered in the medical office, while my 4 pm insulin was usually

4 administered in a satellite room in my dorm. Going to the medical office for my

5 morning insulin required me to go through the same hallway and wait in the same

6 room as detainees from the men’s dorm who needed medical attention.

7

21. On March 18, 2020, I heard over an officer’s radio that one of the

8 men’s dorms was under quarantine. I did not know if it was because of

9 COVID-19, but I was concerned that could be the reason. I was scared of

10 becoming infected with COVID-19, especially because my diabetes and asthma

11 makes me vulnerable to getting very sick from COVID-19. So, that morning I

12 made a request for my 11 am insulin to be administered in the satellite room in my

13 dorm instead of the medical office. The lieutenant said that would be OK, and a

14 nurse came and said he would send someone to administer my insulin in the dorm.

15 I waited and waited, but no one came to give me my insulin. I didn’t get insulin

16 until 4 pm that day.

17

22. On March 31, 2020, I had low blood sugar and was shaking. I told an

18 officer I felt sick because of my low blood sugar and that I needed to check my

19 sugar levels. The officer said I needed a medical order to get my sugar checked. I

20 told the officer that I had diabetes and the doctor had told me I needed to check my

21 sugar levels when I was shaking, and the officer repeated that there was no medical

22 order for it. I asked the officer to call the sergeant because my need for medical

23 attention was urgent. The officer called the sergeant on the radio. Through the

24 radio, I heard the sergeant say that he (the sergeant) couldn’t do anything for me

25 and that I had to wait until the doctor was available. The sergeant did not say

26 when the doctor would be available. I had to drink soda and eat chocolate to raise

27 my blood sugar levels, which is not the best way to safely raise my blood sugar to

28 a healthy level. When a nurse finally checked me hours later, my blood sugar

4

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-11 Filed 04/14/20 Page 6 of 9 Page ID #:287

1 levels were very high.

2

23. On other occasions, I have struggled to have access to food that is safe

3 for my diabetes. Adelanto serves a lot of white bread, rice, and beans, which is not

4 healthy for people who have diabetes. I am allergic to peanuts, which the facility

5 is aware of, but they frequently served me meals containing peanut butter. Once, I

6 received a peanut butter and jelly sandwich and oatmeal for my meal. I told the

7 officer that I needed to change my plate because I’m allergic to peanuts, and she

8 said to just throw away the peanut butter and eat everything else. I said I was

9 diabetic and that the food left on my tray—oatmeal, white bread, and jelly—was

10 too sugary for me to safely eat, because of my diabetes. But I was not allowed to

11 get another meal.

12

24. I have asthma and sometimes require an inhaler to breathe. I had a lot

13 of trouble managing my asthma at Adelanto. There was little or no air circulation.

14 In the winters, they turned on the heaters and it would get very hot and muggy in

15 the dorms. If we asked the officers to turn on the air conditioning, they said no.

16 When we asked them to turn on the fans, they said the fans were too loud. At

17 night, the heat would make my throat itchy and I would cough and cough. The

18 heat and my cough made it hard to sleep. In the summers, the air conditioning

19 dried out my throat and I would cough and cough. It was very uncomfortable to

20 cough so much at night because there were so many people sleeping near me.

21 People didn’t like that I was coughing near them. Of course, when everyone

22 learned about COVID-19, people were more on edge and nervous whenever I

23 coughed. But I couldn’t help it because of my asthma.

24 Release from Adelanto

25

25. I felt really happy when I learned I was being released from Adelanto.

26 I felt so great thinking about the fact that I was going to get to communicate with

27 my kids without worrying about having money on my phone to call them, or

28 waiting for a phone to become available.

5

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-11 Filed 04/14/20 Page 7 of 9 Page ID #:288

1

26. I had been really stressed out about the possibility of getting

2 COVID-19 at Adelanto because of my diabetes and asthma. Being released and

3 getting to stay with my uncle is so much better for my health. I am able to eat a

4 much healthier diet and have better hygiene. Also, my asthma has already gotten

5 much better now that I’m out. My mental health has also improved greatly.

6

27. Every day, I have phone and video calls with my children. It is so

7 much easier to communicate with my kids. My eldest child, now 10, is so happy

8 that I can talk with him more often, including on video. I call my kids every day,

9 all day. I can speak with them much longer than I could when I was in Adelanto,

10 where calls were expensive and I didn’t have the money to pay for regular video

11 calls with my kids.

12

28. I haven’t seen my kids in person yet, because I don’t want to take the

13 risk of getting them or anyone else sick. I am being very careful to stay at home. I

14 don’t go outside at all. I am being very careful to practice social distancing by

15 staying at least 6 feet away from others.

16

29. I am truly grateful for this opportunity to show that I am not a danger

17 to society. I am really thankful for this opportunity to take care of my health and

18 take what measures I can to avoid, as much as possible, becoming sick with

19 COVID-19.

20

30. I also want to express to the Court how sorry I am for what my

21 incarceration and detention at Adelanto has put my children through. My kids are

22 now 5, 6, and 10 years old. My conviction arose from an incident where I took my

23 two younger kids to a water park, by myself. I was carrying the youngest one, then

24 a baby, and the older one started running out of the water park. I chased after him,

25 and all of a sudden I started falling. Without thinking, I grabbed a fence nearby to

26 catch my balance, and my baby fell out of my arms. My baby injured his elbow,

27 but thankfully didn’t break any bones. I took him to a Mexican healer who helped

28 heal his elbow. He wasn’t crying and, from what I could tell, seemed fine.

6

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-11 Filed 04/14/20 Page 8 of 9 Page ID #:289

1 Knowing what I know now, I realize I should have taken my baby to a doctor. I

2 will never again repeat that mistake. When I was reported for not taking my baby

3 to a doctor, I had to go to children’s court. I took so many classes and worked

4 really hard to show that I was a good parent who cared about my kids more than

5 anything. I earned non-monitored visits with my kids, I was picking them up from

6 school, cooking for them, going to mommy & me therapy together, and spending

7 lots of time with them. We were having a great relationship, all of us. But then,

8 just a few months before the children’s court was scheduled to return full custody

9 of the kids to me, the District Attorney got involved and arrested me, and

10 everything changed. And because of this conviction, I am now in danger of being

11 deported and separated from my kids forever.

12

31. Both of my younger children have autism. I want to be in their lives.

13 They need me—even though they have their dad, who loves them, they also need

14 their mom. I was so, so sad that the criminal court characterized my conviction as

15 “child abuse.” I know that I should have taken my baby to a doctor and not a

16 healer, and I’m terribly sorry for my mistake. But I have never hit my kids. I have

17 never put my hands on them.

18

32. I feel so sorry to my kids for putting them through all this pain. When

19 I was in prison and in Adelanto, I felt constant remorse that my kids had to be

20 away from their mom. It was horrible, I couldn’t believe what was happening to

21 me. So, hearing that I was going to be released from Adelanto made me so happy

22 because I knew I could continue having a relationship with my kids and continue

23 bonding with them. I love my kids more than anything in the world. They’re the

24 most important thing to me.

25

26

27

28

7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-11 Filed 04/14/20 Page 9 of 9 Page ID #:290

1

I declare under penalty of perjury of the laws of the State of California and

2 the United States that the foregoing is true and correct. Executed this 12th day of

3 April, 2020 in Panorama City, California.

4

5

6

7

8

PAOLA RAYON VITE

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

8

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-12 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 6 Page ID #:291

1 SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com
2 WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com
3 LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW
4 Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304
5 Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201
6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)
7 amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)
8 jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
9 355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560
10 Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763
11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners
12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 17

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

) )

ADELANTO COVID

) )

DECLARATION OF JOSE

18

) NEFTALI ROBLES

19

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

) RODRIGUEZ )

20 v.

) )

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

21 Department of Homeland Security;

)

22

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing

) )

23

the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement;

) )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

24 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

25

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES

) )

26

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

) )

)

27

Respondents-Defendants. )

28

)

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-12 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 6 Page ID #:292

1

DECLARATION OF JOSE NEFTALI ROBLES RODRIGUEZ

2

I, JOSE NEFTALI ROBLES RODRIGUEZ, hereby declare:

3

1. I make this declaration based on my own personal knowledge and if

4 called to testify I could and would do so competently as follows:

5

2. I am 37 years old and a citizen of Guatemala. I came to the United

6 States when I was twenty years old. My partner and I have been together for

7 nineteen years. We have four sons, all United States citizens. My oldest son is

8 fifteen and my youngest is just four years old.

9

3. I was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes when I was 25 years old. Since

10 then, my blood sugar has never really been controlled. I have also been diagnosed

11 with neuropathy as a result of nerve damage from the diabetes. My feet often feel

12 like they are on fire. I often wake up in the middle of the night from the pain. I also

13 have high blood pressure and high cholesterol.

14

4. I take many medicines to try to control my diabetes, including insulin

15 twice a day and metformin three times a day. I also take medicine for my high

16 cholesterol, my high blood pressure, and the pain in my feet.

17

5. I was detained in Adelanto detention center from December 6 until

18 April 2, 2020, when this Court ordered my release.

19

6. I submit this declaration in support of a petition for a writ of habeas

20 corpus and motion for a preliminary injunction based on the risks of serious illness

21 and death due to the current COVID-19 pandemic that I, and others like me, face if

22 detained in Adelanto.

23 Living at Adelanto ICE Processing Facility

24

7. For all of my time in Adelanto, I shared a cell with three other people.

25 I don’t know the exact measurements, but my best estimate is that the cell was

26 about 8 feet by 10 feet. It had two sets of bunk beds. I slept on a top bunk.

27

8. Whenever all four of us were in the cell, it felt like there was no space

28 to even walk.

1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-12 Filed 04/14/20 Page 3 of 6 Page ID #:293

1

9. There was one toilet and sink in our cell. We were responsible for

2 cleaning it ourselves, but we often didn’t have the supplies we needed. Sometimes

3 we had to use shampoo to clean the toilet because there was no soap.

4

10. My cell was in a dorm with about 70 people total. We all shared one

5 common area and one shower area. The shower area had about seven showers. It

6 was often dirty. There were no staff assigned to clean it; we had to clean it

7 ourselves with whatever was available. Often, we cleaned with shampoo because

8 there were no other cleaning supplies.

9

11. We took our meals in a cafeteria with the others in our dorm. There

10 were usually between 6 and 10 people per table. We went down to eat in groups.

11 My cell was in the third group. The cafeteria was always a mess by the time we got

12 there. We were responsible for cleaning it ourselves, but the only thing we were

13 given to clean was a dirty towel and a bucket of dirty water.

14

15 Adelanto’s COVID-19 response

16

12. I learned about the corona virus from watching television. The guards

17 and staff never told us anything about it.

18

13. Shortly after the pandemic started, my dorm was put on quarantine for

19 four days. We were never told why. After four days, things went back to normal.

20

14. Even after the coronavirus started to spread throughout the United

21 States, us detainees were not given access to masks, gloves, or hand sanitizer and

22 our temperatures were not regularly checked.

23

15. In my dorm there were six other people who were diabetic like me.

24 There was also someone who had asthma. We were all worried that we could

25 become very ill or die if we contracted the corona virus. We asked a nurse to give

26 us masks so we could protect ourselves. She told us that was not permitted.

27

16. Even the guards and staff did not wear masks. They were constantly

28 coming in and out for shift changes, and they didn’t seem to take any precautions.

2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-12 Filed 04/14/20 Page 4 of 6 Page ID #:294

1 We all worried that they could be bringing the virus into the facility.

2

17. About two weeks before I was released, I got sick. I had a sore throat

3 and a cough. The way to request a doctor visit at Adelanto is to send a “kite” with a

4 written request. When I was sick I sent various “kites” requesting to see a doctor.

5 For many days, I got no response. Finally, after two weeks, I was able to see a

6 nurse who gave me ibuprofen.

7

18. I was never tested for COVID-19 at Adelanto. As far as I know, no

8 one was.

9 Release from Adelanto

10

19. When I was released from Adelanto, I thanked God.

11

20. I am now reunited with my family. I am living at home with my

12 partner of 19 years and our four sons. My youngest, who is four, is so happy. He

13 keeps trying to feed me. Being with them, and eating together, is a joy.

14

21. When I was at Adelanto, I was under so much stress. I had constant

15 headaches. I was so worried about getting sick and maybe even dying there. Now I

16 feel calm.

17

22. My family and I are doing all that we can to practice social distancing.

18 We stay at home together all day. Sometimes we go outside for walks, but we

19 always cover our faces and when we come back we make sure to wash our hands.

20 We are constantly disinfecting everything, and looking out especially for our

21 children. It feels so good to be able to do these simple things to protect myself and

22 my family.

23

24

25

26

27

28

3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-12 Filed 04/14/20 Page 5 of 6 Page ID #:295

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-12 Filed 04/14/20 Page 6 of 6 Page ID #:296
CERTIFICATE OF TRANSLATION
I, Jessica Karp Bansal, certify that I am fluent in Spanish and English. I translated the foregoing declaration to Jose Neftali Robles Rodriguez in Spanish on April 12, 2020. After I completed translating the declaration, Mr. Robles Rodriguez verified that the contents of the foregoing declaration are true and accurate.
f(l2{ ~
Date

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-13 Filed 04/14/20 Page 1 of 169 Page ID #:297

1 SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com
2 WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com
3 LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW
4 Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304
5 Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201
6 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)
7 amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)
8 jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
9 355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560
10 Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763
11 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners
12 *Pro hac vice application forthcoming

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org MICHAEL KAUFMAN (SBN 254575) mkaufman@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500

13

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

14

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

15

16 17

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

) )

ADELANTO COVID

) )

DECLARATION OF JESSICA

18

) KARP BANSAL

19

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

)

)

20 v.

) )

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. )

21 Department of Homeland Security;

)

22

MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing

) )

23

the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement;

) )

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

24 Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

25

Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES

) )

26

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

) )

)

27

Respondents-Defendants. )

28

)

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-13 Filed 04/14/20 Page 2 of 169 Page ID #:298

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BBBCDEFCGHICFDJÿ

Lÿÿÿ

=1<47M4MNÿ

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-13 Filed 04/14/20 Page 11 of 169 Page ID #:307
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DDDEFGHEIJKEHFLÿ

Nÿÿÿ

-:?A$OAONÿ

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-13 Filed 04/14/20 Page 12 of 169 Page ID #:308
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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-13 Filed 04/14/20 Page 130 of 169 Page ID #:426
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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-13 Filed 04/14/20 Page 131 of 169 Page ID #:427
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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-13 Filed 04/14/20 Page 132 of 169 Page ID #:428
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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-13 Filed 04/14/20 Page 133 of 169 Page ID #:429
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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-13 Filed 04/14/20 Page 166 of 169 Page ID #:462
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Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-13 Filed 04/14/20 Page 168 of 169 Page ID #:464
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011ÿ

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 9-13 Filed 04/14/20 Page 169 of 169 Page ID #:465
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 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 33 Filed 04/16/20 Page 1 of 2 Page ID #:828

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 33 Filed 04/16/20 Page 2 of 2 Page ID #:829

1 supporting emergency injunctive relief, namely, immediate release, set forth in the

2 Court’s orders issued in Castillo v. Barr, CV 20-00605-TJH (AFMx)(C.D. Cal. Mar. 3 27, 2020), ECF No. 32; and Hernandez v. Wolf, CV 20-60017-TJH (KSx)(C.D. Cal. 4 Apr. 1, 2020), ECF No. 17.

5

Based on the incorporated factual and legal grounds, and the facts and arguments

6 presented, here,

7

8

It is Ordered that the application for a temporary restraining order be, and

9 hereby is, Granted.

10

11

It is further Ordered that Respondents shall, by 5:00 p.m. on April 17, 2020,

12 release Petitioner Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez from custody pending further order

13 of this Court.

14

15

It is further Ordered that Petitioner shall not violate any federal, state or local

16 laws after released from custody pursuant to this order.

17

18

It is further Ordered that Respondents shall show cause, if they have any, as

19 to why the Court should not issue a preliminary injunction in this case. Respondents’

20 response, if any, to this order to show cause shall be filed by Noon on April 24, 2020. 21 Petitioner’s reply, if any, to Respondents’ response shall be filed by Noon on April 29, 22 2020. The matter will then stand submitted.

23

24 Date: April 16, 2020

25

__________________________________

26

Terry J. Hatter, Jr.

27

Senior United States District Judge

28

Temporary Restraining Order – Page 2 of 2

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 34 Filed 04/16/20 Page 1 of 3 Page ID #:830

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 34 Filed 04/16/20 Page 2 of 3 Page ID #:831

1 supporting emergency injunctive relief, namely, immediate release, set forth in the

2 Court’s orders issued in Castillo v. Barr, CV 20-00605-TJH (AFMx)(C.D. Cal. Mar.

3 27, 2020), ECF No. 32; and Hernandez v. Wolf, CV 20-60017-TJH (KSx)(C.D. Cal.

4 Apr. 1, 2020), ECF No. 17.

5

Based on the incorporated factual and legal grounds, and the facts and arguments

6 presented, here,

7

8

It is Ordered that the application for a temporary restraining order be, and

9 hereby is, Granted.

10

11

It is further Ordered that Respondents shall, by 5:00 p.m. on April 17, 2020,

12 release Petitioner Miguel Aguilar Estrada from custody pending further order of this

13 Court.

14

15

It is further Ordered that Petitioner shall not violate any federal, state or local

16 laws, or use or possess alcohol or illegal drugs after released from custody pursuant to

17 this order.

18

19

It is further Ordered that Respondents shall show cause, if they have any, as

20 to why the Court should not issue a preliminary injunction in this case. Respondents’

21 response, if any, to this order to show cause shall be filed by Noon on April 24, 2020.

22 Petitioner’s reply, if any, to Respondents’ response shall be filed by Noon on April 29,

23 2020. The matter will then stand submitted.

24

25 Date: April 16, 2020

26

__________________________________

27

Terry J. Hatter, Jr.

28

Senior United States District Judge

Temporary Restraining Order – Page 2 of 3

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1 detainee population at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing

2 Center [“Adelanto”] so as to allow for social distancing during the COVID-19

3 pandemic.

4

Petitioners, now, move for provisional class certification so that they can obtain

5 class-wide preliminary injunctive relief. In the absence of class certification, a

6 preliminary injunction may be issued only for the named Petitioners. See Nat'l Ctr. for

7 Immigrants Rights, Inc. v. INS, 743 F.2d 1365, 1371 (9th Cir.1984). A class habeas

8 petition can be certified as a class action. See Rodriguez v. Hayes, 591 F.3d 1105,

9 1122 (9th Cir. 2010). Petitioners seek to define the class to include all individuals

10 detained in civil immigration detention at Adelanto.

11

The Immigration and Nationality Act, 8 U.S.C. § 1101, et seq. [“INA”], does

12 not deprive the Court of jurisdiction to certify a class of noncitizens where each member

13 of the class is, as here, an individual and not an organization. See Padilla v.

14 Immigration and Customs Enf’t, 953 F.3d 1134, 1149-1151 (9th Cir. 2020). Further,

15 the INA does not restrict habeas jurisdiction for petitions that raise constitutional

16 claims. See Singh v. Holder, 638 F.3d 1196, 1202 (9th Cir. 2011). Finally, putative

17 class members subject to mandatory immigration detention pursuant to INA § 236(c)

18 are not barred from obtaining habeas relief. See Singh, 638 F.3d at 1202.

19

Moreover, because Petitioners, here, have asserted a claim for violations of their

20 Fifth Amendment substantive due process rights, and those claims exceed the

21 jurisdictional limits of the Immigration Court and the Board of Immigration Appeals,

22 Petitioners, and the putative class members, need not first exhaust their administrative

23 remedies. See Garcia-Ramirez v. Gonzales, 423 F.3d 935, 938 (9th Cir. 2005).

24

25

CLASS CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS

26

27

To provisionally certify a class, Petitioners bear the burden of establishing all

28 four threshold requirements of Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a): (1) Numerosity of proposed class

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1 members; (2) Commonality of issue of fact or law; (3) Typicality of the named

2 representatives; and (4) Adequacy of the named representatives and class counsel to

3 fairly and adequately pursue this action. Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1122. Petitioners,

4 also, bear the burden of establishing at least one of the requirements of Fed. R. Civ. P.

5 23(b). Parsons v. Ryan, 754 F.3d 657, 674 (9th Cir. 2014).

6

7

NUMEROSITY

8

9

Numerosity is established when the class is so numerous that joinder of all class

10 members would be impracticable. Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a)(1). According to the

11 Government, there are, now, approximately 1,370 detainees at Adelanto. Joining 1,370

12 plaintiffs would be impracticable. Further, the Government does not dispute that

13 numerosity is satisfied. Consequently, numerosity is established.

14

15

COMMONALITY

16

17

A class has sufficient commonality “if there are questions of fact and law which

18 are common to the class.” Hanlon v. Chrysler Corp., 150 F.3d 1011, 1019 (9th Cir.

19 1998). Commonality turns on whether class treatment will generate common answers

20 apt to drive the resolution of the litigation. Wright v. Renzenberger, Inc., 656 F.

21 App’x. 835, 837 (9th Cir. 2016). Whether the class could actually prevail on the merits

22 of its claim is not a proper inquiry in determining whether common questions exist.

23 Stockwell v. City and Cty. Of S.F., 749 F.3d 1107, 1111-1112 (9th Cir. 2014).

24

Petitioners and all of the putative class members are, now, civil detainees, even

25 if some of them may have a history of criminal convictions. See Zadvydas v. Davis,

26 533 U.S. 678, 690 (2001). While Petitioners and the putative class members are at

27 various stages in their respective immigration proceedings, Petitioners alleged that the

28 conditions of their detention at Adelanto, including the inability to maintain a social

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1 distance at all times and at all places in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, violate their

2 Fifth Amendment substantive due process rights.

3

The Government argued that Petitioners cannot establish commonality because:

4 (1) Each putative class member is being detained under different INA statutory sections;

5 and (2) Each putative class member’s risk of contracting and ability to fight off COVID-

6 19 is different given their respective ages and medical histories. However, the

7 Government’s arguments are misplaced.

8

The specific reason why each Petitioner and putative class member is being

9 detained is immaterial, here. The issue before the Court is whether the manner of their

10 detention – the conditions of their confinement – violates their Fifth Amendment

11 substantive due process rights. Indeed, “although a presently existing risk may

12 ultimately result in different future harm for different [detainees] – ranging from no

13 harm at all to death – every [detainee, here, allegedly] suffers exactly the same

14 constitutional injury.” See Parsons, 754 F.3d at 678. Moreover, Fed. R. Civ. P. 23 15 does not mandate that every putative class member must share every fact in common. 16 See Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1122. Rather, “the existence of shared legal issues with

17 divergent factual predicates is sufficient, as is a common core of salient facts coupled

18 with disparate legal remedies within the class.” Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1122.

19

Consequently, commonality is established because the common question that will

20 generate common answers apt to drive the resolution of this litigation is whether the

21 putative class members’ Fifth Amendment substantive due process rights are being

22 violated. See Wright, 656 F. App’x. at 837.

23

24

TYPICALITY

25

26

Typicality is established where the named class representatives’ claims are

27 “reasonably co-extensive with those of absent class members; they need not be 28 substantially identical.” Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1124. Where Petitioners “raise similar

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1 constitutionally-based arguments and are alleged victims of the same practice,”

2 typicality is met despite the existence of slight factual differences. Rodriguez, 591 F.3d

3 at 1124.

4

The Government argued that Petitioners cannot establish typicality and are not

5 adequate to serve as class representatives because: (1) Petitioners seek injunctive relief

6 that would stagger the effects of the injunction such that it would be applied to only

7 some of the putative class members; and (2) Petitioners have already been released

8 pursuant to their respective temporary restraining orders.

9

Notably, the Government did not argue that Petitioners’ claim differed from the

10 claim of the putative class members – just that the form of Petitioners’ proposed

11 preliminary injunction would effect some putative class members differently.

12

The Government, here, placed undue emphasis on Petitioners’ proposed

13 preliminary injunction. It is for the Court – not Petitioners – to fashion an appropriate

14 preliminary injunction, if the Court decides that a preliminary injunction should, indeed,

15 be issued. See Melendres v. Maricopa Cty., 897 F.3d 1217, 1221 (9th Cir. 2018).

16 Moreover, the exact form and nature of the requested class-wide preliminary injunction

17 is not a consideration for the Court, now, as it considers whether to certify the putative

18 class. See B.K. by next friend Tinsley v. Snyder, 922 F.3d 957, 971-972 (9th Cir.

19 2019). The exact form and nature of the preliminary injunction, if the Court decides

20 to issue one, will be considered at the appropriate time – when the Court considers the

21 motion for a preliminary injunction.

22

Here, Petitioners’ claim and the claim of the putative class members are the same

23 – a Fifth Amendment substantive due process claim – and the remedy sought is the

24 same – a reduction in Adelanto’s detainee population.

25

That Petitioners have been released pursuant to a temporary restraining order

26 does not prevent class certification or prevent them from being the class representatives.

27 See Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1124. Indeed, Petitioners’ temporary relief provided by a

28 temporary restraining order is, merely, temporary pending the issuance of a preliminary

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1 injunction. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(b)(2). Thus, Petitioners’ temporary release neither

2 mooted their claim nor affected whether the class should be certified. Moreover, the

3 Court will define the class to include those who have been temporarily or provisionally

4 released pursuant to an order of this Court.

5

Consequently, typicality is established as Petitioners’ claim is typical of the class

6 because it is reasonably coextensive with the claim of the absent class members. See

7 Hanlon, 150 F.3d at 1020.

8

9

ADEQUACY

10

11

After reviewing the record, the Court finds that Petitioners and their attorneys

12 are, indeed, adequate to represent the class. The Court finds, inter alia, that: (1)

13 Shared interests exist between Petitioners and the putative class members; (2) No

14 conflicts of interest or adverse interests exist between Petitioners and the putative class

15 members; and (3) Petitioners and their attorneys will prosecute this action vigorously.

16 See Hanlon,150 F.3d at 1020. The Government argued that Petitioners will lack the

17 requisite motivation to prosecute this action because they have already been released

18 from detention. However, the Government provides no authority that Petitioners could

19 not remain sufficiently motivated even if they have been released, and the Court knows

20 of no such authority. Consequently, adequacy is established.

21

22

TYPE OF CLASS

23

24

Petitioners seek to provisionally certify the class under Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(2),

25 arguing that the Government has acted or refused to act on grounds that apply generally

26 to the class, such that final injunctive relief or corresponding declaratory relief is

27 appropriate as to the class as a whole.

28

“It is sufficient to meet the requirements of Rule 23(b)(2) that class members

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1 complain of a pattern or practice that is generally applicable to the class as a whole ...

2 the fact that some class members may have suffered no injury or different injuries from

3 the challenged practice does not prevent the class from meeting the requirements of

4 Rule 23(b)(2).” Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1125. The “key to [a Rule 23(b)(2)] class is

5 the indivisible nature of the injunctive or declaratory remedy warranted – the notion that

6 the conduct is such that it can be enjoined or declared unlawful only as to all of the class

7 members or as to none of them.” Parsons, 754 F.3d at 687. Accordingly, a class

8 under Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(2) is appropriate when a single injunction or declaratory

9 judgment would provide relief to each member of the class. Parsons, 754 F.3d at 687-

10 688.

11

The Government did not argue, here, that the Court could not fashion an

12 appropriate class-wide preliminary injunction that would provide relief to each and

13 every member of the proposed class. Rather, the Government opposed certification

14 under Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(2) on grounds that parallel its challenges to certification

15 under Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a) – that the putative class members have different risk factors

16 and the proposed staggered injunctive relief necessitates individualized determinations.

17 However, as discussed above, the Government’s opposition, here, also, lacks merit.

18 Moreover, the Court’s equitable powers are broad, flexible and inherent. See Hutto v.

19 Finney, 437 U.S. 678, 687, n. 9 (1978). Thus, the Court possesses the requisite

20 authority to issue an appropriately fashioned preliminary, or permanent, injunction, if

21 it, later, decides that such injunctive relief is, indeed, warranted.

22

Because the class claim alleged that the putative class member’s Fifth Amendment

23 substantive due process rights were violated in ways that are generally applicable to the

24 class, and because a single injunction or declaratory judgment would provide relief to

25 the entire putative class, this case can, properly, be certified under Fed. R. Civ. P.

26 23(b)(2). See Jennings v. Rodriguez, 138 S. Ct. 830, 852 (2018).

27

Consequently, this case will be certified as a Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(2) class

28 action.

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1

NO OPT OUT OPPORTUNITY AND NO NOTICE TO CLASS MEMBERS

2

3

Finally, because a class action certified under Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(2) is a

4 mandatory class action, putative class members are not entitled to notice or an

5 opportunity to opt out of the class. See Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes, 564 U.S. 338,

6 361-62 (2011). Consequently, the related cases of putative class members who have

7 previously filed, or who will file, their own cases seeking habeas relief, injunctive relief

8 and/or declaratory relief regarding the conditions of their confinement at Adelanto

9 related to COVID-19 will be stayed pending resolution of this class action. In due

10 course, the Court will issue stay orders in those related cases.

11

12

Accordingly,

13

14

It is Ordered that the motion to provisionally certify this case as a Fed. R. Civ.

15 P. 23(b)(2) class action be, and hereby is, Granted.

16

17

It is further Ordered that the class shall be defined to include all people who:

18

(1) Are currently detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto

19

Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center;

20

(2) Were detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto Immigration

21

and Customs Enforcement Processing Center at any time between March

22

23, 2020, and the final disposition of this case but have been transferred

23

by BICE to another immigration detention facility, regardless of whether

24

the other detention facility is within the Central District of California; or

25

(3) Were detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto Immigration

26

and Customs Enforcement Processing Center at any time between March

27

23, 2020, and the final disposition of this case but have been released

28

pursuant to a temporary restraining order, a preliminary injunction, or

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1

other temporary release order issued by this Court.

2

3

It is further Ordered that Petitioners be, and hereby are, Appointed to

4 represent the class.

5

6

It is further Ordered that Ahilan Arulanantham, Jessica Karp Bansal,

7 Michelle (Minju) Cho and Michael Kaufmann, all of the ACLU of Southern California, 8 be, and hereby are, Appointed as class counsel.

9

10

It is further Ordered that the related cases of class members who have

11 previously filed, or who will file, their own cases seeking habeas relief, injunctive relief

12 and/or declaratory relief regarding the conditions of their confinement at Adelanto 13 related to COVID-19 be, and hereby are, Stayed pending resolution of this class

14 action. The Court will issue stay orders in those related cases.

15
16 Date: April 23, 2020

17

__________________________________

18

Terry J. Hatter, Jr.

19

Senior United States District Judge

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

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1 injunction, and an ex parte application to shorten time on the motions for provisional

2 class certification and a class-wide preliminary injunction. Thereafter, the Court

3 approved the parties’ stipulated expedited briefing schedule.

4

On April 16, 2020, the Court issued Temporary Restraining Orders requiring the

5 immediate release of Petitioners from Adelanto, and set a briefing schedule for Orders

6 to Show Cause as to why the Court should not convert the Temporary Restraining

7 Orders into Preliminary Injunctions. The Temporary Restraining Orders were issued

8 only as to Petitioners because, in the absence of class certification, a temporary

9 restraining order may be issued only for a named plaintiff. See Nat'l Ctr. for

10 Immigrants Rights, Inc. v. INS, 743 F.2d 1365, 1371 (9th Cir.1984).

11

On April 23, 2020, the Court granted Petitioners’ motion to provisionally certify

12 the class.

13

In lieu of considering the Orders to Show Cause re: Preliminary Injunction, the

14 Court will consider Petitioner’s fully briefed motion for a class-wide preliminary

15 injunction.

16

The Court, having taken Petitioners’ motion for a class-wide preliminary

17 injunction under submission, and having considered the evidence and arguments

18 presented by the parties, the Court makes the following Findings of Fact and

19 Conclusions of Law in support of the concurrently filed class-wide Preliminary

20 Injunction:

21

FINDINGS OF FACT

22

1. Class members are, or were, in the custody of the United States

23 Department of Homeland Security’s [“DHS”] Bureau of Immigration and Customs

24 Enforcement [“BICE”] and detained at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs

25 Enforcement Processing Center [“Adelanto”].

26

2. Adelanto is located in the City of Adelanto and the County of San

27 Bernardino, which are within the Central District of California.

28

3. Adelanto is a private, for-profit immigration detention facility operated by

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1 Geo Group, Inc. for BICE.

2

4. Adelanto’s detainee population dropped from 1,650 people on March 15,

3 2020, to 1,370 people on April 18, 2020. With 1,370 detainees, Adelanto is at 66%

4 of its maximum capacity of 2,084. While the Government reported that the current

5 capacity of some Adelanto housing units is as low as 45% of maximum capacity, it,

6 also, reported that other Adelanto housing units, currently, exceed 85% of their

7 maximum capacity.

8

5. Over the years, and as recently as 2018, DHS’s Office of the Inspector

9 General has, repeatedly, found that significant and various health and safety risks

10 existed at Adelanto.

11

6. Class members are at various stages of removal proceedings pursuant to

12 the Immigration and Nationality Act, 8 U.S.C. § 1101, et seq.[“INA”].

13

7. While some class members have prior criminal convictions, they have

14 served their criminal sentences.

15

8. Class members are all civil detainees; none are criminal detainees.

16

9. On March 4, 2020, the State of California declared a state of emergency

17 in response to the coronavirus and the resulting COVID-19 disease.

18

10. On March 10, 2020, San Bernardino County followed suit and declared

19 a state of emergency.

20

11. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization [“WHO”] declared

21 COVID-19 to be a global pandemic.

22

12. On March 13, 2020, President Donald J. Trump formally acknowledged

23 and declared a national emergency in response to WHO’s pandemic declaration.

24

13. According to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

25 [“CDC”], the coronavirus is spread mainly through person-to-person contact. More

26 specifically, the coronavirus is spread between people who are in close contact – within

27 about 6 feet – with one another through respiratory droplets produced when an infected

28 person coughs or sneezes. The droplets can land in the mouths or noses, or can be

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1 inhaled into the lungs, of people who are within about 6 feet of the infected person.

2 Moreover, studies have established that the coronavirus can survive up to three days on

3 various surfaces.

4

14. The CDC’s cornerstone of COVID-19 transmission reduction is social

5 distancing – the keeping of a distance of 6 feet between people.

6

15. Social distancing is the best preventative measure to prevent the spread of

7 COVID-19.

8

16. Despite this Court’s issuance, in this and related cases, of dozens of

9 Temporary Restraining Orders releasing dozens of Adelanto detainees because Adelanto

10 did not, inter alia, practice social distancing between staff and detainees, and between

11 the detainees, themselves, the Government has yet to impose mandatory social

12 distancing rules at Adelanto, and voluntary social distancing is, still, rarely practiced.

13

17. Though the Government failed to explain why it has not imposed

14 mandatory social distancing at Adelanto, it appears to the Court that mandatory social

15 distancing cannot be imposed at Adelanto because, quite simply, there are too many

16 detainees at Adelanto for its size.

17

18. The CDC recommends that detainees who are quarantined – because they

18 have had close contact with a person who was suspected or confirmed to have COVID-

19 19 – or in medical isolation – because the detainee is suspected or confirmed to have

20 COVID-19 – should be housed, in order of preference, separately in single cells or as

21 a cohort with 6 feet of personal space assigned each individual in all directions. One

22 of the least desirable quarantine or isolation methods is to house detainees in a cohort,

23 in multi-person cells without solid walls or a solid door, without excellent ventilation,

24 without social distancing, and without an empty cell between occupied cells.

25

19. Coronavirus is highly contagious.

26

20. COVID-19 has a mortality rate ten times greater than influenza.

27

21. The incubation period for COVID-19 is 2 to 14 days.

28

22. During the incubation period, people infected with the COVID-19 can be

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1 asymptomatic.

2

23. During that potentially asymptomatic incubation period, infected people

3 are, unknowingly, capable of spreading the coronavirus.

4

24. Despite early reports, no age group is safe from COVID-19. While older

5 people with pre-existing conditions are the most vulnerable to COVID-19-related

6 mortality, younger people without preexisting conditions have, also, succumbed to

7 COVID-19.

8

25. There is no approved treatment, vaccine or cure for COVID-19.

9

26. While it is not yet clear whether the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases

10 in the United States has hit its pandemic peak or the beginning of a plateau, it is very

11 clear to the Court that, tragically, large numbers of people will continue to get infected

12 with, and too many will, sadly, die from, COVID-19 until there is a cure or a vaccine.

13

27. As of the date of these Findings of Fact:

14

A. The United States has had over 850,000

15 confirmed COVID-19 cases, with COVID-19 related deaths quickly approaching

16 45,000.

17

B. The State of California has had over 37,780 confirmed COVID-19

18

cases, with COVID-19 related deaths exceeding 1,425.

19

C. San Bernardino County has had over 1,575 confirmed COVID-19

20

cases, with COVID-19 related deaths exceeding 70.

21

D. The City of Adelanto has had 15 confirmed COVID-19 cases,

22

including its mayor pro tem, who, sadly, remains on life support,

23

having been placed on a ventilator over a month ago, on March 19,

24

2020.

25

28. The science is well established – infected, asymptomatic carriers of

26 COVID-19 are highly contagious.

27

29. Because of the highly contagious nature of the coronavirus and the,

28 relatively high, mortality rate of COVID-19, the disease can spread uncontrollably with

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1 devastating results in a crowded, closed facility, such as a jail or immigration detention

2 center.

3

30. For example, Marion Correctional Institution, in Ohio, now has 2,011, and

4 rising daily, confirmed cases among its inmate population, representing an infection rate

5 of approximately 78%, plus more than 115 staff members with confirmed cases. Of the

6 confirmed cases at Marion, 1 corrections officer has died.

7

31. As another example, the Pickaway Correctional Institution, also in Ohio,

8 now has 1,536, and rising daily, confirmed cases among its inmate population,

9 representing an infection rate of approximately 74%, plus 67 staff members with

10 confirmed cases. Of the confirmed cases at Pickaway, 6 inmates have died.

11

32. As of the date of these Findings of Fact, 287, and rising daily, BICE civil

12 detainees and 35 BICE employees at dozens of BICE facilities have been confirmed

13 infected with the coronavirus.

14

33. While there are not, yet, any confirmed COVID-19 cases at Adelanto, it

15 is, merely, fortuitous that an outbreak has not yet occurred, especially given the lax

16 safety standards, now, in place.

17

34. On March 23, 2020, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ordered, sua

18 sponte and without further explanation, the release of an immigration petitioner “[i]n

19 light of the rapidly escalating public health crisis, which public health authorities predict

20 will especially impact immigration detention centers.” Xochihua-Jaimes v. Barr, 2020

21 WL 1429877, No. 18-71460 (9th Cir. Mar. 23, 2020).

22

35. Judge Analisa Torres of the United States District Court for the Southern

23 District of New York issued an order releasing certain immigration detainees, stating:

24

The nature of detention facilities makes exposure and spread of the

25

virus particularly harmful. Jaimie Meyer M.D., M.S., who has worked

26

extensively on infectious diseases treatment and prevention in the context

27

of jails and prisons, recently submitted a declaration in this district noting

28

that the risk of COVID-19 to people held in ... detention centers ... “is

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1

significantly higher than in the community, both in terms of risk of

2

transmission, exposure, and harm to individuals who become infected.”

3

(citation omitted).

4

Moreover, medical doctors, including two medical experts for the

5

Department of Homeland Security, have warned of a “tinderbox scenario”

6

as COVID-19 spreads to immigration detention centers and the resulting

7

“imminent risk to the health and safety of immigrant detainees” and the

8

public. Catherine E. Shoichet, Doctors Warn of “Tinderbox scenario” if

9

Coronavirus Spreads in ICE Detention, CNN (Mar. 20, 2020),

10

https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/20/health/doctors-ice-detention-

11

coronavirus/index.html.

12 Basank, et al., v. Decker, et al., 20 Civ. 2518 (S.D.N.Y., Feb. 28, 2020), ECF No.

13

36. New Adelanto detainees are not kept in isolation unless they are

14 symptomatic of a potential COVID-19 infection.

15

37. New asymptomatic detainees at Adelanto are either medically screened for

16 14 days or housed in quarantine with a cohort of other new arrivals. Regardless of

17 which practice is actually used, it is problematic that asymptomatic new detainees are

18 capable of infecting others, either in the general population while they are being

19 medically monitored or in the new arrival cohort. Further problematic is that new

20 arrivals are housed in cohorts with detainees who arrived at different times, thereby

21 various members of a single quarantined cohort are released into the general population

22 at various times, rather than each cohort being quarantined for a fixed 14 day period.

23

38. Adelanto’s staff leave the facility at the end of their shifts. When staff are

24 off duty and outside of Adelanto, they are subject to community transmission of

25 COVID-19. Of course, the staff are, also, subject to community transmission inside of

26 Adelanto.

27

39. Upon starting a shift, staff members submit to temperature checks and

28 answer questionnaires to determine their COVID-19 risk.

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1

40. Temperature checks do not identify asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19.

2 Asymptomatic staff could have been unknowingly infected after unknowingly crossing

3 paths with an asymptomatic carrier outside, or inside, the facility.

4

41. According to the Government, Adelanto’s staff are, now, assigned to the

5 same duty stations, rather than regularly rotating through various duty stations several

6 times a day. However, declarations from class members contend that staff are still

7 moving between housing and other units, particularly when detainees are being counted.

8

42. While Adelanto’s staff members, apparently, have access to gloves and

9 masks, they are, merely, encouraged, and not required, to wear them to help prevent

10 the spread of COVID-19.

11

43. It is imperative that all Adelanto staff members wear gloves and masks, and

12 practice social distancing, at all times while on duty to prevent the spread of the

13 coronavirus. Gloves, masks, and social distancing must not be an option for staff.

14

44. Each housing unit in Adelanto’s West Facility can house a maximum of 80

15 detainees.

16

45. Each day room in each of the West Facility’s housing units is furnished

17 with 20 round tables, with each table having four seats. Those seats provide sufficient

18 seating for everyone in each housing unit, provided that social distancing is not a

19 requirement. The tables and seats are not moveable as they are permanently affixed to

20 the ground. The tables are set at 7 feet 6 inches apart, center to center, which does not

21 allow for 6 feet of social distancing. The seats at each table are set at 5 feet 3 inches

22 from each other, center to center across the table, which, again, does not allow for 6

23 feet of social distancing. Even with only two detainees at each of the 20 tables, it does

24 not appear possible for all detainees to maintain a social distance.

25

46. While the West Facility day rooms, also, have unencumbered space for use

26 by detainees, and an adjacent space open to the sky with access to fresh air, the

27 Government did not provide the dimensions of those, or any other, Adelanto spaces.

28

47. Seven communal showers are accessible from the day rooms in each West

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1 Facility housing unit. However, it is not mandated that the showers be cleaned between

2 each use by professionally trained cleaning staff or, even, by the detainees themselves.

3

48. While the Government stated that some of the common areas are, now,

4 cleaned and disinfected multiple times per day, it did not state whether those areas are

5 cleaned by professionally trained cleaning staff or by detainees.

6

49. As the Government is aware, declarations have been filed by class

7 members in this case and in their individual cases. The Court has considered some of

8 the declarations, here, that were filed in the related individual actions. From some of

9 those declarations, the Court learned that class members were responsible for cleaning,

10 at least some of, the common areas, that the only available cleaning supplies, at times,

11 were a dirty towel and a bucket of dirty water.

12

50. As to the communal sinks, toilets and showers, the Government implied

13 that detainees are encouraged to clean those items utilizing available cleaning products

14 and supplies. Consequently, the Court must assume that those items are not regularly

15 cleaned and disinfected by professionally trained cleaning staff throughout the day.

16 Rather, it appears that the cleaning of communal sinks, toilets and showers is

17 haphazard, at best. Moreover, the class members challenge the Government’s

18 contention that cleaning supplies are readily available for their use.

19

51. Class members declared that they were instructed to clean their communal

20 toilets once every two days and, at times, they did not have proper cleaning supplies to

21 clean their toilets. Apparently, out of desperation, some class members resorted to

22 using shampoo to clean their toilets.

23

52. West Facility housing units each have sixteen 4-person sleeping rooms and

24 two 8-person sleeping rooms, with detainees assigned to particular rooms. Based on

25 declarations in related cases, each sleeping room has a single communal toilet and sink.

26

53. The 4-person rooms each have two bunk beds set at 8 feet apart from the

27 center of one lower bunk to the center of the other lower bunk. This does not allow for

28 social distancing of 6 feet. The Government did not indicate the width of the bunk

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1 beds. If the beds are twin size, which are, typically, 38 inches wide, there is only 4

2 feet 10 inches between each bed, edge to edge. If the beds are only 30 inches wide,

3 there would be only 5 feet 6 inches between each bed, edge to edge. Moreover, the

4 Government did not indicate the distance between upper and lower bunks, the

5 dimensions of each 4-person room, or the location of the toilet and sink in each room.

6 Indeed, Petitioner Roman declared that in a fully occupied 4-person room, people are

7 about 3 feet apart from each other.

8

54. The 8-person rooms each have four bunk beds set at 5 feet, 10 inches apart

9 center to center. To promote social distancing, detainees are, now, assigned to every

10 other bed in the 8-person rooms. Again, the Government did not indicate the distance

11 between upper and lower bunks, the dimensions of each 8-person room, or the location

12 of the toilet and sink in the each room.

13

55. The West Facility has 4 dining halls for detainee meal service. Each dining

14 hall has a maximum occupancy rating of 133, but only 120 seats. Again, the tables and

15 seats are not moveable. According to the Government, a maximum of 30 or 40

16 detainees are, currently, allowed in each meal hall at one time, with food service staff

17 cleaning each dining hall between each rotation of detainees. Again, the Government

18 did not provide the Court with the dimensions of each dining hall, the number and

19 dimension of the tables in each dining hall, the distance between the tables, the distance

20 between each seat, the distance between each detainee, the distance between detainees

21 and the food service staff in the food serving lines, or the distance between each

22 detainee as they line up to enter and leave the dining halls. Nor did the Government

23 state whether the kitchen staff that cleans the dining halls are professionally trained or

24 merely detainees assigned the task with little to no training. Moreover, the Government

25 failed to dispute the Court’s prior finding in related cases that detainees line up,

26 sometimes only inches apart, when they enter and leave the dining halls.

27

56. From the dining hall photographs on Adelanto’s website, it appears to the

28 Court that with even as few as 40 detainees in a dining hall at a single time, the

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1 detainees are not able to maintain 6 feet of social distance from each other at all times.

2 Indeed, Petitioner Roman declared that to ensure social distancing in the dining halls,

3 the dining halls must be limited to 15 people at one time. Based on the photographs,

4 Roman’s assessment appears to be fairly accurate.

5

57. In Adelanto’s East Facility, each housing unit has a maximum capacity of

6 52, 114 or 118 detainees.

7

58. Each East Facility housing unit has a large open room divided into four

8 sleeping areas, with a mix of bunk beds and single beds, and a day room stretching the

9 length of the unit. Detainees housed in the East Facility are not assigned to particular

10 rooms.

11

59. Most of the bunk beds in the East Facility are set at parallel and are 9 feet

12 10 inches apart from center to center, which allows for about 6 and a half feet between

13 the beds. The single beds are set at parallel and spaced at 9 feet four inches apart

14 center to center, which allows for just over 6 feet between the beds. If any of the

15 detainees are walking between the beds and a bed is occupied, there is not sufficient

16 space to allow for social distancing.

17

60. There was no evidence presented regarding the locations of toilets and

18 sinks in the East Facility housing units.

19

61. The East Facility day rooms each have 19 rectangular tables with 6 seats

20 each, 3 on each long side, with enough seats for the entire housing unit population,

21 assuming, again, that social distancing is not a requirement. Detainees are encouraged,

22 but not required, to sit 6 feet apart.

23

62. Again, the Government did not provide any dimensions for any of the

24 spaces in the East Facility.

25

63. Communal showers in the East Facility are available in each of the four

26 sleeping areas in each housing unit, with additional showers available on the periphery

27 of the day rooms. Petitioner Chavez declared that her East Facility housing unit housed

28 118 women and had 6 communal showers. But, of those 6 showers, only 3 worked –

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1 for 118 women. Thus, there was probably very little opportunity for detainees to clean

2 those 3 showers, if the desire to clean them existed, given their likely constant use.

3

64. Detainees housed in the East Facility eat their meals in their housing units.

4 The Government stated that there are cleaning products as well as clean cloth and/or

5 paper towels available to clean the day room tables and floors after meal service. Thus,

6 that implies that the East Facility housing units are not cleaned by a professionally

7 trained cleaning staff. Additionally, class members declared that they regularly lacked

8 access to paper towels to clean the common areas.

9

65. While detainees have, according to the Government, been educated as to

10 the best practices for cleaning, there is no evidence that the detainess were mandated

11 to clean any area or item. Nor is there any evidence that the detainees are supervised

12 while cleaning.

13

66. Moreover, class members have declared that supplies run out often, and

14 that it can take days, for example, to get more hand soap after they have run out. They

15 have declared, further, that hand sanitizer dispensers in common areas are often empty.

16 As further corroboration, one class member declared that access to hand soap and hand

17 sanitizer was so limited that if he wanted to wash his hands with soap he had to ration

18 his bar of shower soap.

19

67. Even if detainees are encouraged to exercise social distancing within each

20 housing unit, they are not required to maintain a social distance at any time.

21

68. Because of space limitations and current occupancy levels, detainees cannot

22 always maintain a social distance.

23

69. While the Government stated that occupancy limits have been temporarily

24 reduced in the dining halls, law libraries, intake area, medical area and court hold

25 rooms, there is no evidence as to whether social distancing is required or, even,

26 possible in those spaces.

27

70. For group movements within Adelanto, detainees are reminded to practice

28 social distancing, but, again, there is no evidence that social distancing is required.

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1 And, the Court has read class member declarations to the contrary, with one class

2 member stating that detainees are mere inches apart when lined up for meals.

3

71. Staff and detainees working in Adelanto’s kitchens are required to wear

4 gloves, hair nets and face hair nets, but they are not required to wear masks. Further,

5 there is no evidence that the kitchen staff is required to maintain a social distance from

6 each other.

7

72. Adelanto, recently, began issuing each detainee 3 surgical-type masks a

8 week, with each detainee getting a mask on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.

9 However, three disposable masks a week are not enough when the detainees lack

10 sufficient space to contantly maintain a social distance and, therefore, should be wearing

11 masks at all times.

12

73. The Court takes judicial notice of the following facts presented to,

13 considered by or found by Judge Jesus Bernal in his order granting, inter alia, class

14 certification and a preliminary injunction in Faour Abdullah Fraihat, et al. v. U.S.

15 Immigration and Customs Enf’t, et al., CV19-1546 JGB (SHKx) (C.D. Cal. April 20,

16 2020):

17

A. New information about COVID-19 suggests that it may be

18

transmitted through shared bathrooms and cell toilets without lids.

19

B. An immigration facility outbreak would, also, menace the

20

non-detained: a surge in preventable cases would further strain local

21

hospitals and healthcare resources.

22

C. Detainees are tasked with cleaning most of Adelanto.

23

D. Social distancing is not possible at Adelanto due to close quarters.

24

E. Staff circulate between Adelanto’s units to conduct counts.

25

E. Adelanto detainees circulate between units to deliver meals.

26

F. Adelanto detainees are not spaced 6 feet apart.

27

F. Some Adelanto staff wear masks and gloves, but others do not.

28

74. COVID-19 is capable of finding its way into every communal setting, yet

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1 the Government provides no explanation as to why it is acting as though Adelanto is

2 immune, especially without mandating social distancing in place.

3

75. Any member of Adelanto’s staff and detention population is capable of

4 being an unknowing, asymptomatic carrier of the coronavirus who could ignite a

5 COVID-19 outbreak.

6

76. Class members are not required, or even given an opportunity, to maintain

7 a social distance from others at all times.

8

77. Class members must regularly touch surfaces, including communal sinks,

9 toilets and showers, that are regularly touched by other detainees and but are not

10 regularly cleaned by professionally trained cleaning staff or by the detainees,

11 themselves.

12

78. The risk of a COVID-19 outbreak at Adelanto, is particularly high if an

13 asymptomatic, but infected, staff member or detainee enters the facility.

14

79. Despite the Government’s contention that, as of now, there are no

15 confirmed COVID-19 cases at Adelanto, the Government cannot say with any degree

16 of certainty that no one – staff or detainee – at Adelanto is an asymptomatic carrier of

17 COVID-19. Consequently, the Government must enforce social distancing at Adelanto

18 at all times and all places.

19

80. Adelanto’s policies and practices subject class members to a substantial and

20 extremely high risk of very serious harm that will occur if the Court does not issue

21 preliminary injunctive relief.

22

81. The conditions of confinement at Adelanto are inconsistent with

23 contemporary standards of human decency.

24

82. The new policies that the Government has, heretofore, implemented at

25 Adelanto in response to the COVID-19 pandemic are insufficient.

26

83. The Government is deliberately indifferent to the potential exposure of the

27 class members to COVID-19, a serious, life-threatening communicable disease.

28

84. As civil detainees, the class members are entitled to be protected by the

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1 Government.

2

85. The class members have not been protected by the Government.

3

86. The Government has acted with a callous disregard for the safety of the

4 class members.

5

87. The class has established that the conditions of their confinement are

6 unconstitutional in that those conditions have put them at substantial risk of suffering

7 serious harm.

8

88. The Government has breached the duty it owes to the class members to

9 reasonably abate known risks at Adelanto.

10

89. Adelanto’s detainee population must be immediately and significantly

11 decreased to reduce the risk of serious harm to the class members.

12

90. Class members are suffering from a condition of confinement that takes

13 away, inter alia, their ability to socially distance and remain safe.

14

91. The public has a critical interest in preventing the further spread of the

15 coronavirus. An outbreak at Adelanto would, further, endanger all of us – Adelanto

16 detainees, Adelanto employees, residents of San Bernardino County, residents of the

17 State of California, and our nation as a whole.

18

92. At this time of crisis, our response to those at particularly high risk must

19 be with compassion and not apathy.

20

93. To the extent that any of these findings of fact are deemed to be

21 conclusions of law, they are incorporated as conclusions of law.

22

CONCLUSIONS OF LAW

23 Jurisdiction

24

1. The Court has jurisdiction over this class habeas petition pursuant to 28

25 U.S.C § 2241, and jurisdiction over the claims for injunctive and declaratory relief

26 pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1331.

27

2. The INA does not deprive this Court of jurisdiction to grant class-wide

28 injunctive relief for a class of noncitizens where each member of the class is, as here,

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1 an individual and not an organization. See Padilla v. Immigration and Customs Enf’t,

2 953 F.3d 1134, 1149-1151 (9th Cir. 2020).

3

3. While the INA restricts the jurisdiction of District Courts in some respects,

4 it does not limit a District Court’s habeas jurisdiction over constitutional claims or

5 questions of law, brought pursuant to 28 U.S.C § 2241, that are independent of the

6 merits of removal orders. Singh v. Holder, 638 F.3d 1196, 1202 (9th Cir. 2011).

7

4. Though various class members may be subject to mandatory detention

8 pursuant to INA § 236(c), that does not bar them from proceeding in this case by way

9 of a habeas petition. See Singh, 638 F.3d at 1202.

10

5. Release is an appropriate remedy in a habeas petition. Prieser v.

11 Rodriguez, 441 U.S. 475, 494 (1973).

12 Standing

13

6.

The class members have standing to pursue this case. “A remedy for

14 unsafe conditions need not await a tragic event.” Helling v. McKinney, 509 U.S. 25,

15 33 (1993).

16 Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies

17

7. Because the class members have asserted claims for violations of their Fifth

18 Amendment substantive due process rights, and those claims exceed the jurisdictional

19 limits of the Immigration Court and the Board of Immigration Appeals, class members

20 need not first exhaust their administrative remedies. Garcia-Ramirez v. Gonzales, 423

21 F.3d 935, 938 (9th Cir. 2005).

22 Preliminary Injunctive Relief

23

8. Class members are entitled to a preliminary injunction if they show: (1) A

24 likelihood of success on the merits; (2) That they are likely to suffer irreparable harm

25 in the absence of relief; (3) The balance of equities tip in their favor; and (4) An

26 injunction is in the public’s interest. See Winter v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555

27 U.S. 7, 20 (2008).

28

9. “Where the Government is a party to a case in which a preliminary

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1 injunction is sought, the balance of the equities and public interest factors merge.”

2 Padilla v. ICE, et al., --- F.3d ---, 2020 WL 1482393, *5 (9th Cir. Mar. 27, 2020).

3

10. Under the Ninth Circuit’s sliding scale approach, a stronger showing of one

4 element may offset a weaker showing of another. See Pimentel v. Dreyfus, 670 F.3d

5 1096, 1105 (9th Cir. 2012).

6

11. Accordingly, class members are entitled to a preliminary injunction if

7 “serious questions going to the merits [are] raised and the balance of hardships tips

8 sharply in [their] favor.” See All. for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 632 F.3d 1127, 1131

9 (9th Cir. 2011).

10

12. A preliminary injunction is an “extraordinary remedy that may only be

11 awarded upon a clear showing that the plaintiff is entitled to such relief.” Winter at 22.

12

13. It is for the Court to fashion an appropriate preliminary injunction. See

13 Melendres v. Maricopa Cty., 897 F.3d 1217, 1221 (9th Cir. 2018).

14

14. The Court’s equitable powers are broad, flexible and inherent. See Hutto

15 v. Finney, 437 U.S. 678, 687, n. 9 (1978).

16

15. Injunctive relief must be tailored to remedy the specific harm alleged.

17 Melendres v. Maricopa Cty., 897 F.3d 1217, 1221 (9th Cir. 2018). “The Court

18 exceeds [its] discretion only if the injunctive relief is aimed at eliminating a condition

19 that does not violate the Constitution or does not flow from such a violation.”

20 Melendres v. Maricopa Cty., 897 F.3d 1217, 1221 (9th Cir. 2018).

21

16. “A mandatory injunction orders a responsible party to take action,” and

22 thus, “goes well beyond simply maintaining the status quo.” Marlyn Nutraceuticals,

23 Inc. v. Mucos Pharma GmbH & Co., 571 F.3d 873, 879 (9th Cir. 2009) (internal

24 citations and quotation marks omitted).

25

17. “[M]andatory injunctions are not granted unless extreme or very serious

26 damage will result and are not issued in doubtful cases ... .” Marlyn Nutraceuticals

27 at 879 (quotation marks omitted).

28

18. A mandatory preliminary injunction can be issued only when the facts and

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1 law clearly favor the moving party. Stanley v. Univ. of Southern California, 13 F.3d

2 1313, 1320 (9th Cir.1994).

3 Evidence Considered

4

19. A preliminary injunction is customarily granted on the basis of evidence

5 that is less complete than what is presented at a trial on the merits. University of Texas

6 v. Camenisch, 451 U.S. 390, 395 (1981).

7

20. The Court may consider hearsay and otherwise inadmissible evidence when

8 considering whether to issue a preliminary injunctive. See Republic of the Philippines

9 v. Marcos, 862 F.2d 1355, 1363 (9th Cir.1988).

10

21. The Court can, sua sponte, take judicial notice. See Schwab Corp. Sec.

11 Litig., 257 F.R.D. 534, 561 n. 18 (N.D. Cal.2009).

12

22. The Court can take judicial notice of records in other cases. See United

13 States v. Wilson, 631 F.2d 118, 119 (9th Cir.1980).

14

23. The Court can take judicial notice of publicly accessible websites. See

15 King v. Cty. of L.A., 885 F.3d 548, 555 (9th Cir. 2018).

16 Likelihood of Success on the Merits

17

24. When the Government takes people into custody and detains them against

18 their will, the Constitution imposes upon the Government a duty to assume

19 responsibility for those detainees’ safety and general well being. See Helling v.

20 McKinney, 509 U.S. 25, 32 (1993).

21

25. When the Government detains people for violations of immigration law,

22 those people are civil detainees, even if they have a history of criminal convictions. See

23 Zadvydas v. Davis, 533 U.S. 678, 690 (2001).

24

26. Civil detainees are entitled to more considerate treatment and conditions

25 of confinement than criminals, whose conditions of confinement are designed to punish.

26

27. Civil detainees cannot be detained in conditions of confinement that

27 constitute punishment. See Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S. 307, 321-22 (1982).

28

28. The constitutional rights of criminal detainees establish a floor, and not a

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1 ceiling, for the clearly established constitutional rights of civil detainees. See Smith v.

2 Wash., 781 F. App’x. 595, 597 (9th Cir. 2019).

3

29. If a condition of confinement would violate the Eighth Amendment

4 pertaining to a criminal detainee, it would, certainly, violate the Fifth Amendment

5 pertaining to a civil detainee. See Smith, 781 F. App’x. at 597.

6

30. Under the Eighth Amendment, the Government must provide criminal

7 detainees with basic human needs, including reasonable safety. Helling, 509 U.S. at

8 32.

9

31. Under the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment, the Government

10 must provide civil detainees with more than minimal human necessities. See Jones v.

11 Blanas, 393 F.3d 918, 931 (9th Cir. 2004).

12

32. The Government violates the Eighth Amendment when it confines a

13 criminal detainee in unsafe conditions. See Helling, 509 U.S. at 33.

14

33. The Government violates the Eighth Amendment when the conditions of

15 a criminal detainee’s confinement puts the detainee at substantial risk of suffering

16 serious harm and the conditions cause suffering inconsistent with contemporary

17 standards of human decency. See Smith, 781 F. App’x. at 597-598.

18

34. The Government holds convicted criminals in unsafe conditions when it

19 “ignore[s] a condition of confinement that is sure or very likely to cause serious

20 illness.” See Helling, 509 U.S. at 32.

21

35. The Government cannot be “deliberately indifferent to the exposure of

22 [prisoners] to a serious, communicable disease on the ground that the complaining

23 [prisoners show] no serious current symptoms.” Helling, 509 U.S. at 33.

24

36. The Government is deliberately indifferent when it fails to take reasonable

25 and available measures to abate a known risk. See Gordon v. County of Orange, 888

26 F.3d 1125, 1124-25 & n. 4 (9th Cir. 2018).

27

37. “That the Eighth Amendment protects against future harm to inmates is not

28 a novel proposition.” Helling, 509 U.S. at 33.

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1

38. The Supreme Court clearly stated that “... the Eighth Amendment protects

2 [prisoners] against sufficiently imminent dangers as well as current unnecessary and

3 wanton infliction of pain and suffering... .” Helling, 509 U.S. at 33.

4

39. The Supreme Court has acknowledged that it has “... great difficulty

5 agreeing that prison authorities may not be deliberately indifferent to an inmate’s

6 current health problems but may ignore a condition of confinement that is sure or very

7 likely to cause serious illness and needless suffering the next week or month or year.”

8 Helling, 509 U.S. at 33.

9

40. In its amicus brief filed in Helling, the Government stated that it “...

10 recognizes that there may be situations in which exposure to toxic or similar substances

11 would present a risk of sufficient likelihood or magnitude – and in which there is a

12 sufficiently broad consensus that exposure of anyone to the substance should therefore

13 be prevented – that the [Eighth] [A]mendment’s protection would be available even

14 though the effects of exposure might not be manifested for some time.” Helling, 509

15 U.S. at 34.

16

41. Indeed, the [Supreme] Court concluded that where prisoners in punitive

17 isolation were crowded into cells and some of them had infectious maladies, “... the

18 Eighth Amendment required a remedy, even though it was not alleged that the likely

19 harm would occur immediately and even though the possible infection might not affect

20 all of those exposed.” Helling, 509 U.S. at 33.

21

42. The Government violates a civil detainee’s constitutional rights if a

22 condition of the detainee’s confinement places the detainee at substantial risk of

23 suffering serious harm, such as the harm caused by a pandemic. See Smith, 781 F.

24 App’x. at 595.

25

43. The Government must not be deliberately indifferent to the potential

26 exposure of civil detainees to a serious, communicable disease on the ground that the

27 complaining detainees show no serious current symptoms, or ignore a condition of

28 confinement that is more than very likely to cause a serious illness. See Helling, 509

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1 U.S. at 32.

2

44. The Government owes a duty to the class members, as civil immigration

3 detainees, to reasonably abate known risks. See Castro v. Cty. of L.A., 833 F.3d 1060,

4 1071 (9th Cir. 2016).

5

45. The class members have established that: (A) The Government made an

6 intentional decision with respect to the conditions under which the class members are

7 confined; (B) Those conditions put the class members at substantial risk of suffering

8 serious harm; (C) The Government did not take reasonable available measures to abate

9 that risk, even though a reasonable official in the circumstances would have appreciated

10 the high degree of risk involved — making the consequences of the Government’s

11 conduct obvious; and (D) By not taking such measures, the Government is harming the

12 class members. See Gordon, 888 F.3d at 1125.

13

46. The class members have established that there is significantly more than

14 a mere likelihood of their success on the merits. See Winter, 555 U.S. at 20.

15

47. Release from custody is a valid remedy, here, for unconstitutional

16 conditions of confinement. Brown v. Plata, 563 U.S. 493, 502 (2011).

17 Irreparable Harm/Equities/Public Interest

18

48. It is well established that the deprivation of constitutional rights,

19 unquestionably, constitutes irreparable injury. See Hernanez v. Session, 872 F.3d 976,

20 994 (9th Cir. 2017).

21

49. Inadequate health and safety measures at a detention center cause

22 cognizable harm to every detainee at that center. See Parsons v. Ryan, 754 F.3d 657,

23 679 (9th Cir. 2014).

24

50. The class members have established that they are likely to suffer

25 irreparable harm in the absence of relief from the Court. See Winter, 555 U.S. at 20.

26

51. The Government has an interest in enforcing immigration laws. United

27 States v. Martinez-Fuerte, 428 U.S. 543, 556-558 (1976).

28

52. The balance of the equities, here, tip sharply in favor of the class members;

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1 the class members face irreparable harm to their constitutional rights and health.

2

53. The Government is not harmed when a court prevents the Government

3 from engaging in unlawful practices. See Rodriguez v. Robbins, 715 F.3d 1127, 1145

4 (9th Cir. 2013).

5

54. The injunctive relief sought, here, is absolutely in the public’s best interest.

6

55. To the extent that any of these conclusions of law are deemed findings of

7 fact, they are incorporated as findings of fact.

8

For all of the foregoing reasons, the Court issued the preliminary injunction.

9
10 Date: April 23, 2020

11

__________________________________

12

Terry J. Hatter, Jr.

13

Senior United States District Judge

14

15

16

17

18

19

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Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law – Page 22 of 22

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 55 Filed 04/23/20 Page 1 of 7 Page ID #:1348

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 55 Filed 04/23/20 Page 2 of 7 Page ID #:1349

1 2.
2 3 4 5 6
7 3.
8
9 4.
10 11
12 5.
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 6.
21 22 23 24
25 7.
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27 8.
28

Respondents shall immediately reduce the detainee population at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center [“Adelanto”] to such a level that would allow the remaining detainees to maintain a social distance of 6 feet from each other at all times and at all places, including while sleeping, eating, showering, and going about other daily activities, except when there is a medical necessity or a safety emergency. Respondents shall begin to reduce Adelanto’s detainee population forthwith and shall complete the task by May 4, 2020. Respondents shall reduce Adelanto’s detainee population by at least 100 detainees by April 27, 2020; by at least another 150 detainees by April 30, 2020; and, then, shall hit the target reduced population level by May 4, 2020. Respondents shall achieve the necessary population reduction by: A. Releasing selected detainees, with or without conditions of release; B. Deporting selected detainees who have final deportation orders, have
exhausted all appeals, and are otherwise deportable; or C. Transferring selected detainees to other detention facilities where detainees
are able to maintain a 6 foot social distance from each other at all times and at all places, including while sleeping, eating, showering, and going about other daily activities. Any detainee who is transferred to a facility where detainees are unable to maintain a 6 foot social distance from each other at all times and at all places, or where the cleaning standards of that facility do not comply with the cleaning standards required by this Preliminary Injunction for Adelanto, will be immediately released from detention by the Court. The Court shall retain jurisdiction over all class members who are transferred to other facilities regardless of where those facilities are located. Respondents shall have the discretion to determine which detainees are released, deported or transferred.

Preliminary Injunction – Page 2 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 55 Filed 04/23/20 Page 3 of 7 Page ID #:1350

1 9.
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 10.
12
13 11.
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15 12.
16 17
18 13.
19 20 21 22
23 14.
24 25
26 15.
27 28

The Court encourages Respondents to give priority for release, in order of preference, to: A. Detainees over the age of 55 who have preexisting medical or mental
health conditions that make them more susceptible to COVID-19 complications; B. Other detainees over the age of 55; C. Other detainees who have preexisting medical or mental health conditions that make them more susceptible to COVID-19 complications; D. Other detainees who do not have a history of criminal convictions; and E. Other detainees who have a history of only minor criminal convictions. Respondents have the discretion to determine what conditions, if any, to place on the released detainees, including electronic and GPS monitoring. Respondents shall file, at least 24 hours in advance, a list of detainees they are going to release, deport or transfer. Respondents shall cooperate and coordinate with class counsel so that class counsel can arrange for transportation and housing in advance of the release of any detainee. Respondents shall immediately put into effect at Adelanto all mandates, best practices, recommendations and guidelines issued by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the State of California, and the San Bernardino County Department of Public Health for the prevention of the transmission of the coronavius and COVID-19. Effective immediately, all Adelanto staff shall keep a 6 foot social distance from each other and from detainees, unless there is a medical necessity or a safety emergency. Effective immediately, Adelanto detainees shall be required to maintain, whenever possible, a social distance of 6 feet from each other, unless there is a medical necessity or a safety emergency.

Preliminary Injunction – Page 3 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 55 Filed 04/23/20 Page 4 of 7 Page ID #:1351

1 16.
2 3
4 17.
5 6 7 8 9 10
11 18.
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 19.
21 22
23 20.
24
25 21.
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27 22.
28

As soon as the Adelanto detainee population is sufficiently reduced, Adelanto detainees shall maintain a 6 foot social distance from each other at all times and at all places, unless there is a medical necessity or a safety emergency. All detainee common areas and shared items, including, but not limited to, rooms, floors, doors, tables, seats, telephones, electronic devices, showers, sinks and toilets shall be cleaned and disinfected by a professionally trained cleaning staff with appropriate equipment and supplies on a regular basis whenever those common areas and shared items are accessible to detainees. So, for example, common areas and shared items that are accessible by detainees 24 hours a day must be cleaned and disinfected multiple times throughout each 24 hour period. For any area or item including, but not limited to, rooms, sinks and toilets, that are used solely by one detainee, Respondents shall provide to each respective detainee sufficient training, cleaning equipment and supplies, at no cost to the detainee, so that the detainee can clean and disinfect those areas and items on a regular basis, but at least once a day. If any detainee is unable to clean and disinfect any exclusive use areas or items because of age, a medical or mental health issue, or other infirmity, Respondents shall have those areas and/or items cleaned and disinfected on a regular basis by a professionally trained cleaning staff. Any sleeping room/cell that contains a toilet without an integrated lid shall be limited to a single occupant, even if multiple occupants would be able to maintain a social distance from each other while in that sleeping room/cell. All Adelanto staff shall wear masks and gloves, provided by Respondents, at all times while on duty. All Adelanto detainees shall wear masks, provided by Respondents at no expense to the detainees, at all times except while eating, drinking or showering. Respondents shall provide sufficient pairs of gloves, at no expense to detainees, for detainees to wear at any and all times the detainees so desire.

Preliminary Injunction – Page 4 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 55 Filed 04/23/20 Page 5 of 7 Page ID #:1352

1 23.
2 3
4 24. 5 25.
6
7 26.
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 27.
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

Adelanto shall provide all detainees, at no expense to the detainees, with sufficient quantities of soap, including hand soap, and paper towels, so that the detainees never run out of those supplies. As an alternative to hand soap, detainees may be provided with hand sanitizer. Respondents shall create and implement any and all rules at Adelanto necessary to comply with this Preliminary Injunction. Respondents shall propose, by April 27, 2020, for the Court’s approval: A. Adelanto’s detainee population reduction plan, including dimensions of all
common areas and sleeping rooms/cells, and details as to how detainees will be able to eat, shower, and go about other daily activities while maintaining 6 feet of social distance at all times and all places; B. Adelanto’s new cleaning procedures and schedule; and C. An operations plan that implements all components of this preliminary injunction. Respondents shall file, under seal, by May 1, 2020, a complete census of all members of the certified class, as it was defined by the Court in its class certification order. The census shall contain, at a minimum, each class member’s: A. Registration number; B. Name; C. Gender; D. Age; E. Housing unit and room assignment, if applicable; F. Criminal history; G. Known medical conditions; H. Location and detention status, specifically whether the class member remains detained at Adelanto, has been or will be released, transferred or deported; if the class member has been transferred, then the transfer location shall be stated;

Preliminary Injunction – Page 5 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 55 Filed 04/23/20 Page 6 of 7 Page ID #:1353

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 28.
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 29.
20
21 30.
22 23
24 31.
25 26 27
28 32.

I. Immigration status; J. Immigration Court history and orders; K. Whether the person has any appeals pending before the Board of
Immigration Appeals or the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, and the status of those appeals; and L. Contact information for a family member or friend to aid class counsel to coordinate transportation and housing if the detainee is released. Starting on May 11, 2020, and on every Monday, thereafter, Respondents shall file a status report by 4:00 p.m. containing, inter alia: A. An updated detainee census, which shall be filed under seal; B. A summary of Adelanto’s current population; C. A housing assignment list, broken down by housing unit and room/cell, if applicable; D. Any new policy changes relating to the matters in this Preliminary Injunction; E. A summary of the progress made toward complying with this Preliminary Injunction; and F. Any explanation for any non-compliance with this Preliminary Injunction. If Respondents fail to comply with any of the above, the Court will consider the immediate release of class members. This Preliminary Injunction applies to all class members, including those who were ordered released pursuant to a Temporary Restraining Order issued by the Court in this case or in a class member’s separately and previously filed case. All class members released by the Court pursuant to a Temporary Restraining Orders, issued in this case or in a separately and previously filed case, shall remain released and subject to the terms and conditions of release set forth in each respective Temporary Restraining Order. The Court will not issue any additional Temporary Restraining Orders or

Preliminary Injunction – Page 6 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 55 Filed 04/23/20 Page 7 of 7 Page ID #:1354

1

Preliminary Injunctions for class members in separately filed cases as this class

2
3 33.
4

action was certified as a no opt out class action under Fed. R Civ. P. 23(b)(2). Class counsel shall, with the cooperation of Respondents, provide the best notice possible regarding the certification of this class action and the issuance of this

5

Preliminary Injunction to class members, and their separate counsel, for those

6

class members who may have separate counsel.

7 34. No bond shall be required for this Preliminary Injunction.

8
9 Date: April 23, 2020
10 11 12

__________________________________ Terry J. Hatter, Jr.
Senior United States District Judge

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Preliminary Injunction – Page 7 of 7

 
 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN; et al., No. 20-55436

FILED
MAY 5 2020
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

Petitioners-Appellees,
v.
CHAD F. WOLF, Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; et al.,

D.C. No. 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Central District of California, Riverside
ORDER

Respondents-Appellants.

Before: SILVERMAN, NGUYEN, and COLLINS, Circuit Judges. Appellants’ Emergency Motion for Stay Pending Appeal (Docket No. 7) is
granted in part and denied in part. The district court’s preliminary injunction is stayed, except as follows: to the extent that paragraph 13 of the preliminary injunction requires substantial compliance with guidelines issued by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for correctional and detention facilities to follow in managing COVID-19, see Ctrs. for Disease Control & Prevention, Interim Guidance on Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Correctional and Detention Facilities, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019ncov/downloads/guidance-correctional-detention.pdf, the motion for stay is denied. To the extent that paragraph 13 imposes obligations beyond that exception, it is also stayed.

The motion of Nikolas Bowie and others to file a brief amicus curiae in opposition to the motion to stay (Docket No. 12) is granted.
The previously established briefing schedule continues to apply to this appeal.
This appeal shall be expedited and assigned to the next available panel upon completion of briefing.

2

20-55436

COLLINS, Circuit Judge, concurring in part and dissenting in part: I concur in the order insofar as it grants the motion for a stay, but I would
stay the district court’s preliminary injunction in its entirety. While I am sympathetic to the majority’s decision to leave the injunction in place insofar as it requires substantial compliance with the CDC’s guidelines for detention facilities concerning COVID-19, cf. Valentine v. Collier, ___ F.3d ___, 2020 WL 1934431, at *2 (5th Cir. Apr. 22, 2020) (staying injunction that required specific measures that “go[] even further than CDC guidelines”), I have substantial doubt that the district court properly incorporated those guidelines into its preliminary injunction order, and a stay of that obligation is warranted as well. Even setting aside the district court’s apparent premise that the CDC guidelines establish a constitutional floor, I note that the guidelines themselves state, in boldface type on the very first page, that “[t]he guidance may need to be adapted based on individual facilities’ physical space, staffing, population, operations, and other resources and conditions.” See Ctrs. for Disease Control & Prevention, Interim Guidance on Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Correctional and Detention Facilities, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019ncov/downloads/guidance-correctional-detention.pdf. That makes them a poor candidate for incorporation into an injunction, see FED. R. CIV. P. 65(d) (injunction must “state its terms specifically” and “describe in reasonable detail—and not by

3

20-55436

referring to the complaint or other document—the act or acts restrained or required”), and that is especially true where (as here) one of the many problems with the district court’s injunction is that it disregards the very sort of considerations that the CDC says may require adaption of the guidelines in the context of a particular facility.

4

20-55436

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 118 Filed 06/17/20 Page 1 of 4 Page ID #:2238

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 118 Filed 06/17/20 Page 2 of 4 Page ID #:2239

1 Records, Inc. v. Napster, Inc., 284 F.3d 1091, 1099 (9th Cir. 2002) (citations omitted).

2 However, “[i]t is firmly established that an appeal from an interlocutory order does not

3 divest the trial court of jurisdiction to continue with other phases of the case.” See

4 Plotkin v. Pacific Tel. and Tel. Co., 688 F.2d 1291, 1293 (9th Cir. 1982). A decision

5 to consider individual bail applications from class members would not be the equivalent

6 of a final adjudication of the preliminary injunction, nor would it be a modification of

7 the preliminary injunction. The consideration of individual bail applications would

8 merely be the next phase of this litigation, as it moves forward towards the scheduled

9 trial and evidentiary hearing.

10

Even if, arguendo, the granting of bail could be construed as a modification of

11 the preliminary injunction, this Court retains the inherent authority, and, indeed, has

12 wide discretion, to modify its preliminary injunction in light of new facts, despite the

13 pendency of the Government’s appeal of the preliminary injunction. See System

14 Federation No. 91 v. Wright, 364 U.S. 642, 647–48 (1961). Since the issuance of the

15 preliminary injunction, four Adelanto detainees, and one Adelanto staff member, have

16 tested positive for COVID-19.

17

18 The Court has the authority to grant bail in habeas cases filed by immigration detainees.

19

20

It is well settled that this Court has jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 2241 to

21 consider habeas challenges to immigration detention if the challenges are sufficiently

22 independent of the removal order, as they are here. See Singh v. Holder, 638 F.3d

23 1196, 1211-12 (9th Cir. 2011). Moreover, the Ninth Circuit clearly held, when it

24 transferred related cases to this Court, that this Court possessed the jurisdiction to

25 adjudicate requests for release under § 2241. See, e.g., Bogle v. Barr, No. 19-72290,

26 ECF No. 36. Consequently, this Court is not compelled to provide the historical basis

27 for its authority to act, here.

28

Page – 2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 118 Filed 06/17/20 Page 3 of 4 Page ID #:2240

1 Petitioners-Plaintiffs have established that this is an extraordinary case and that they have

2 a high probability of success on the merits.

3

4

The Court has the authority to grant bail in this habeas case, provided that this

5 is an extraordinary case that involves special circumstances or a high probability of

6 success. See Land v. Deeds, 878 F.2d 318, 318 (9th Cir. 1989). While the

7 Government argued that this disjunctive test has morphed into a conjunctive test, the

8 Court need not resolve that issue because both prongs of the test are satisfied, here.

9

The Ninth Circuit has recently held that the COVID-19 pandemic is, indeed, a

10 special circumstance that satisfies the first prong of Land. United States v. Dade,--

11 F.3d --, 2020 WL 2570354, at *2 (9th Cir. May 22, 2020).

12

Further, this Court previously determined that Petitioners-Plaintiffs have a

13 likelihood of success on the merits. Because the likelihood of success was the threshold

14 level needed for the issuance of the preliminary injunction, the Court did not make any 15 findings as to Petitioners-Plaintiffs’ anticipated success beyond that threshold level. 16 Now, the Court, further, finds that Petitioners-Plaintiffs, indeed, have a high probability

17 of success on the merits.

18

Consequently, bail is appropriate in this case, and the Court will proceed to make

19 individualized bail determinations for each class member.

20

21

Accordingly

22

23

It is Ordered that the motion for class-wide bail be, and hereby is, Granted.

24

25

It is further Ordered that the Court will proceed to make individualized bail

26 determinations for each class member.

27

28

It is further Ordered that counsel shall meet and confer forthwith and

Page – 3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 118 Filed 06/17/20 Page 4 of 4 Page ID #:2241

1 endeavor to reach a consensus as to the process the Court should employ to make the

2 individualized bail determinations. If the parties cannot reach a consensus, the Court 3 will issue an order setting forth the process it will employ.

4

5

It is further Ordered that the parties shall file a joint status report by Noon

6 on June 18, 2020, setting forth their proposed consensus or a statement that they were

7 unable to reach a consensus.

8

9

It is further Ordered that the Government’s request for a stay be, and hereby

10 is, Denied.

11

12 Date: June 17, 2020

13

__________________________________

14

Terry J. Hatter, Jr.

15

Senior United States District Judge

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Page – 4

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 124 Filed 06/19/20 Page 1 of 7 Page ID #:2318

1

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5

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7

8

United States District Court

9

Central District of California

10

Western Division

11

12 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, et al.,

13

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

14

v.

15 CHAD F. WOLF, et al.,

16

Defendants-Respondents.

17

ED CV 20-00768 TJH (PVCx)
Order

18

19

The Court has reviewed the jointly proposed process for individualized bail

20 determinations for class members.

21

The Court defined the provisionally certified the class in this case to include all

22 people who:

23

1. Are currently detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto

24

Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center [“Adelanto”];

25

2. Were detained in civil immigration detention at Adelanto at any time

26

between March 23, 2020, and the final disposition of this case but have

27

been transferred ... to another immigration detention facility, regardless

28

of whether the other detention facility is within the Central District of

Order – Page 1 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 124 Filed 06/19/20 Page 2 of 7 Page ID #:2319

1

California; or

2

3. Were detained in civil immigration detention at Adelanto at any time

3

between March 23, 2020, and the final disposition of this case but have

4

been released pursuant to a temporary restraining order, a preliminary

5

injunction, or other temporary release order issued by this Court.

6

On June 17, 2020, the Court determined that this was an extraordinary case in

7 that it involves special circumstances and that Petitioners-Plaintiffs have a high

8 probability of success on the merits. Consequently, the Court, further, determined that

9 class-wide bail is appropriate, and that it would make individualized bail determinations

10 for each class member.

11

After considering the parties’ jointly proposed process for individualized bail

12 determinations for each class member, the Court shall implement the following process:

13

14 Class Member Information
15 1. Respondents shall provide Petitioners’ counsel with the following information for

16

class members in a spreadsheet or comparable searchable format [hereinafter

17

“spreadsheet information”]:

18

– A Number;

19

– Name;

20

– Age;

21

– Sex;

22

– Dorm;

23

– Medical risk factor for individuals who have been identified by the

24

Government as a member of one or both of the subclasses certified

25

in Fraihat v. United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement,

26

et al., ED CV 19-01546 JGB (SHKx) [“Fraihat”];

27

– Criminal convictions and sentences, if any;

28

– Immigration status and immigration court procedural history; and

Order – Page 2 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 124 Filed 06/19/20 Page 3 of 7 Page ID #:2320

1

– Amount of immigration bail, if bail has been granted.

2 2. When Respondents provide spreadsheet information to Petitioners’ counsel,

3

Respondents shall, also, file a copy under seal, and email the spreadsheet

4

information in a searchable format to TJH Chambers@cacd.uscourts.gov.

5

6 Production of Class Member Information
7 3. By June 24, 2020, Respondents shall provide spreadsheet information for 100

8

class members who have been identified by the Government as members of one

9

or both of the subclasses certified in Fraihat.

10 4. By June 29, 2020, Respondents shall provide spreadsheet information for the

11

remaining class members who have been identified by the Government as

12

members of one or both of the subclasses certified in Fraihat.

13 5. Starting July 6, 2020, and on every Monday thereafter, until otherwise ordered

14

by the Court, Respondents shall provide to Petitioners’ counsel and the Court

15

spreadsheet information for another 100 class members. Respondents shall use

16

their best efforts to provide spreadsheet information, first, for class members who

17

have been granted immigration bond, whether by the Bureau of Immigration and

18

Customs Enforcement or an immigration judge; second, for class members who

19

do not have a history of criminal convictions; and, third, for class members over

20

the age of 55.

21

22 Form A
23 6. The Court approves Form A attached to the parties’ Joint Status Report, subject

24

to the addition of a question asking for the means of transportation each class

25

member will use to travel to the location the class member will live if the class

26

member is granted bail.

27 7. Respondents shall provide class members with Form A, as modified per

28

paragraph 6, and collect them from class members on a weekly basis and provide

Order – Page 3 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 124 Filed 06/19/20 Page 4 of 7 Page ID #:2321

1

them to class counsel within 48 hours thereafter.

2 8. Form A shall be made available to class members in English, Spanish, and all

3

additional languages that Petitioners’ counsel and Respondents deem appropriate

4

after consulting with each other.

5

6 Notice to Class Members
7 9. Respondents shall post in a conspicuous location in every housing unit at

8

Adelanto notices, on paper no smaller than 8½” x 11", advising class members

9

that they should complete Form A, where Form A can be obtained, where Form

10

A must be returned, and the day of the week that Form A will be collected for

11

delivery to Petitioners’ counsel. Respondents shall, also, post next to each notice

12

a copy of Form A. The posted notices and Form A shall be written in English,

13

Spanish, and all additional languages that Petitioners’ counsel and Respondents

14

deem appropriate after consulting with each other.

15

16 Weekly Updates
17 10. Respondents shall provide Petitioners’ counsel with weekly updates as to the

18

release of detainees from Adelanto and shall specify the reason for each release

19

(e.g., for deportation, transfer to another facility, release on supervision, etc.).

20

21 Bail Applications
22 11. The bail application for each class member shall be filed as a “joint stipulation”

23

following the general format set forth in Local Rules 37-2.1 and 37-2.2 for

24

discovery stipulations, but subject to the specific rules set forth in this order.

25

The position papers of both Petitioners’ counsel and Respondents, along with any

26

relevant declarations and exhibits, shall be compiled into a single document for

27

each class member as follows:

28

A. Each bail application shall be for a single class member, and shall be filed

Order – Page 4 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 124 Filed 06/19/20 Page 5 of 7 Page ID #:2322

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 12.
28

as a separate docket number. B. Petitioners’ counsel shall transmit to Respondents, via email, their briefs
in support of up to 15 bail applications per business day, along with all of their declarations and exhibits to be offered in support of each respective bail application. C. After Petitioners’ counsel has transmitted their portion of each bail application, the parties shall meet and confer to endeaver to reach an agreement as to whether the class member should be granted bail and, if so, the conditions of release. If an agreement is reached, the bail application shall be captioned as an Unopposed Bail Application and filed with the Court. D. If an agreement is not reached, Respondents shall have up to 5 business days, from the receipt of each bail application, to transmit back to Petitioners’ counsel, via email, their position brief, along with all of their declarations and exhibits, for each bail application. E. Petitioners’ counsel shall, then, draft a reply brief, if any, in response to each of Respondents’ position briefs within 2 business days of receiving each of Respondents’ briefs. F. Each bail application shall be filed within 2 business days of Petitioners’ counsel’s receipt of Respondents’ position brief. G. Petitioners’ counsel’s opening briefs and Respondents’ briefs shall not exceed 5 pages. Petitioners’ counsel’s reply briefs shall not exceed 2 pages. The Court will grant exceptions to these page limits only for extraordinary circumstances. H. If the Court determines that additional briefing is necessary, it will issue an order requesting such briefing. Each bail application shall provide the class member’s name, A number, release plan, any medical conditions that place the class member at heightened risk of

Order – Page 5 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 124 Filed 06/19/20 Page 6 of 7 Page ID #:2323

1

COVID-19, criminal history, immigration status, immigration court procedural

2

status, dangerousness, flight risk, and any other information or documents

3

Petitioners’ counsel or Respondents deem appropriate for the Court’s

4

consideration.

5 13. Petitioners’ counsel may file up to 15 bail applications per business day. Each

6

day’s bail applications shall be filed no later than 12:00 Noon.

7 14. By 1:00 p.m. of each business day that Petitioners’ counsel files one or more bail

8

applications, including unopposed bail applications, they shall, also, file a

9

columnar chart summarizing the bail applications filed that day with a copy of the

10

chart, in Word or WordPerfect format, emailed to

11

TJH_Chambers@cacd.uscourts.gov. The summary chart may be as large as 11"

12

x 14", may use a landscape orientation, and shall use the following format:

13

14
Petitioner-Plaintiff
15

16

17

Class Member’s Name A Number

18

Docket # of Bail Application

Age Medical Risk Criminal

Immigration Status

and

Factors

Convictions and and Immigration

Sex

Sentences

Court Procedural

Status

Amount of Immigration Bail Granted

Transportation and Release Plan

19

Class Member’s Name

A Number

20

Docket # of Bail

Application
21

22 15. Petitioners’ counsel shall file bail applications under seal, without further order

23

of the Court, if they or Respondents have good cause to protect personal

24

identifying information, medical information, or private addresses.

25 16.
26 27 28

For each bail application, Petitioners’ counsel shall have the burden to establish, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the class member will not be a flight risk, will not be a danger to public safety, has a stable location to reside while released, and will have transportation available to that stable location. Further,

Order – Page 6 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 124 Filed 06/19/20 Page 7 of 7 Page ID #:2324

1

the Court will consider the risks to the class member by remaining confined at

2
3 17.
4

Adelanto in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. If Respondents intend to request the imposition of money bail for any class member, Respondents shall meet and confer with Petitioners’ counsel, before the

5

filing of the respective bail application, to discuss whether such a request may be

6

appropriate and how it may be made.

7 18. If the Court grants a bail application and orders the release of a class member,

8

Respondents shall have 48 hours – or 72 hours if the release order is issued on

9

a Friday – to release the class member or to inform the Court of any additional

10

factors that might prevent the release of the class member during that period.

11 19. If Petitioner’s counsel or Respondents, or all of them, cannot implement the

12

process set forth in this order, they shall meet and confer in good faith in an

13

effort to propose appropriate revisions for the Court’s consideration.

14
15 IT IS SO ORDERED.

16

17 Date: June 19, 2020

18

__________________________________

19

Terry J. Hatter, Jr.

20

Senior United States District Judge

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Order – Page 7 of 7

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 208 Filed 07/14/20 Page 1 of 2 Page ID #:4943

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7

8

United States District Court

9

Central District of California

10

Western Division

11

12 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, et al.,

ED CV 20-00768 TJH (PVCx)

13

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

14

v.

15 CHAD F. WOLF, et al.,

Order

16

Defendants-Respondents.

17

18

The Court has reviewed the bail applications filed on July 9, 10, and 13, and

19 identified various deficiencies and issues that appeared in several of the applications:

20

21

1. The bail applications do not contain a copy each class member’s Form A.

22

The Court expects all bail applications filed hereafter to include a copy of

23

the Form A completed by the respective class member. For a few of the

24

applications previously filed, Respondents’ opposition included an

25

argument that the class member failed to submit a completed Form A. For

26

the previously filed bail applications where Respondents did not raise such

27

an objection, the Court will assume that the class member did submit a

28

Form A, unless Respondents advise the Court otherwise by 4:00 p.m.

Order – Page 1 of 2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 208 Filed 07/14/20 Page 2 of 2 Page ID #:4944

1

today. Further, the Court expects Plaintffs’ counsel to telephonically

2

confirm each class member’s proposed living and transportation

3

arrangements.

4

2. Henceforth, if a bail application does not include a fully completed and

5

signed Form A, or if additional information needs to be conveyed to the

6

Court, the additional information shall be submitted by way of a

7

declaration that is based on personal knowledge or other foundational

8

facts, and signed under penalty of perjury. Any factual statements made

9

in a bail application that are unsupported by a Form A or an adequate

10

declaration will not be considered by the Court.

11

3. Other than for a class member’s medical conditions listed by Respondents

12

on their spreadsheets, class members shall submit medical records to

13

substantiate their asserted medical conditions.

14

15

The Court will issue orders identifying specific deficiencies in previously filed

16 bail applications.

17

18

To assist the Court in dealing with the logistics of this case, Plaintiffs shall:

19

1. Sort their daily summary charts by docket number; and

20

2. Include in their charts and applications a brief description of all crimes in

21

the criminal history sections, in addition to the statutory cite.

22

23 IT IS SO ORDERED.

24

25 Date: July 14, 2020

26

__________________________________

27

Terry J. Hatter, Jr.

28

Senior United States District Judge

Order – Page 2 of 2

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 237 Filed 07/27/20 Page 1 of 7 Page ID #:5127

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

11nitt� �tattS' !Ji:ligtrict ((Court

9

QCtntral !Ji:ligtrict of ((California

10

WtS'ttrn i:libigion

11
12 AN THANH NGUYEN,

ED CV 20-0768-TJH EDCV 20-00646 TJH

1 3

Petitioner,

14

V.

15 DAVID A. MARIN, et al.,

16

Respondents.

17

18

19

The Court has considered Petitioner's emergency ex parte application to hold

20 Respondents in contempt, together with the moving and opposing papers.

21

On April 3, 2020, the Court issued a temporary restraining order ["TRO"]

22 requiring Respondents to release Petitioner from custody pending further order of the

23 Court. Thereafter, Respondents released Petitioner from its detention. On April 15,

24 2020, the Court issued an order extending the TRO to May 1, 2020.

25

On April 23, 2020, the Court provisionally certified the class and issued a class-

26 wide preliminary injunction in Roman, et al. v. Wolf, et al., CV 20-768 TJH (PVCx).

27 Petitioner is a member of the Roman class. The Roman preliminary injunction stated

28 that, inter alia, "[a]ll class members released by the Court pursuant to a Temporary

Order - Page 1 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 237 Filed 07/27/20 Page 2 of 7 Page ID #:5128

1 Restraining Order, issued in this case or in a separately and previously filed case, shall

2 remain released and subject to the terms and conditions of release set forth in each

3 respective Temporary Restraining Order.”

4

On April 24, 2020, the Court issued a stay order in this case. The stay order

5 stated, inter alia, “that, pursuant to the Preliminary Injunction issued in Roman,

6 Petitioner shall remain released pending a final resolution of Roman or further order of

7 the Court.”

8

Also, on April 24, 2020, Respondents filed their notice of appeal challenging this

9 Court’s class certification order, the preliminary injunction, and the related findings and

10 conclusions issued in Roman. Respondents did not appeal any of the Court’s orders

11 issued in this case.

12

On April 25, 2020, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals issued an administrative

13 stay, temporarily staying the Roman preliminary injunction pending further order of the

14 Circuit.

15

On May 5, 2020, the Circuit stayed, pending appeal, the Roman preliminary

16 injunction, with the exception of the mandate for Respondents to comply with the

17 Centers for Disease and Control guidelines. The Circuit, also, ordered the appeal to be

18 expedited. Oral arguments for the Roman appeal have been scheduled for September

19 15, 2020.

20

On May 18, 2020, the parties, here, filed a joint stipulation to modify the

21 conditions of release imposed by the Court on Petitioner in the TRO. On May 20,

22 2020, the Court approved the joint stipulation and ordered a modification to the third

23 condition of release set forth in the TRO.

24

On July 21, 2020, Deportation Officer Mariles called Petitioner and asked him

25 to report to Respondents’ Los Angeles Field Office on July 23, 2020, to have his ankle

26 monitor removed.

27

On July 23, 2020, when Petitioner arrived at the Los Angeles Field Office, he

28 was re-detained, in violation of this Court’s orders. Apparently, Respondents intend

Order – Page 2 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 237 Filed 07/27/20 Page 3 of 7 Page ID #:5129

1 to deport Petitioner next week and they detained him in advance of that deportation.

2 Petitioner’s counsel immediately filed the instant emergency application. The Court,

3 then, ordered Respondents to file its opposition to the instant application by noon today.

4

In its opposition, Respondents informed the Court that they have, again, released

5 Petitioner from their detention, but had ordered him to, again, report to the Los Angeles

6 Field Office on Monday, July 27, 2020.

7

Petitioner filed this application to coerce Respondents to comply with this Court’s

8 various orders as they relate to the continued release of Petitioner from Respondents’

9 detention.

10

The Court “may wield its civil contempt powers for two separate and independent

11 purposes: (1) ‘to coerce the defendant into compliance with the court's order’; and (2)

12 ‘to compensate the complainant for losses sustained.’” Shell Offshore, Inc. v.

13 Greenpeace, Inc., 815 F. 3d 623, 629 (2016) (citations omitted). The United States

14 Supreme Court, in Taggart v. Lorenzen, 139 S. Ct. 1795, 1802-1902 (2019),

15 summarized the current state of the law regarding civil contempt:

16

... [W]e have said that civil contempt “should not be resorted to

17

where there is [a] fair ground of doubt as to the wrongfulness of the

18

defendant's conduct.” California Artificial Stone Paving Co. v. Molitor,

19

113 U.S. 609, 618, 5 S. Ct. 618, 28 L. Ed. 1106 (1885) (emphasis

20

added). This standard reflects the fact that civil contempt is a “severe

21

remedy,” ibid., and that principles of “basic fairness requir[e] that those

22

enjoined receive explicit notice” of “what conduct is outlawed” before

23

being held in civil contempt, Schmidt v. Lessard, 414 U.S. 473, 476, 94

24

S. Ct. 713, 38 L. Ed. 2d 661 (1974) (per curiam). See Longshoremen,

25

supra, at 76, 88 S. Ct. 201 (noting that civil contempt usually is not

26

appropriate unless “those who must obey” an order “will know what the

27

court intends to require and what it means to forbid”); 11A C. Wright, A.

28

Miller, & M. Kane, Federal Practice and Procedure § 2960, pp. 430–431

Order – Page 3 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 237 Filed 07/27/20 Page 4 of 7 Page ID #:5130

1

(2013) (suggesting that civil contempt may be improper if a party's attempt

2

at compliance was “reasonable”).

3

This standard is generally an objective one. We have explained

4

before that a party's subjective belief that she was complying with an order

5

ordinarily will not insulate her from civil contempt if that belief was

6

objectively unreasonable. As we said in McComb v. Jacksonville Paper

7

Co., 336 U.S. 187, 69 S. Ct. 497, 93 L. Ed. 599 (1949), “[t]he absence

8

of wilfulness does not relieve from civil contempt.” Id., at 191, 69 S. Ct.

9

497.

10

We have not held, however, that subjective intent is always

11

irrelevant. Our cases suggest, for example, that civil contempt sanctions

12

may be warranted when a party acts in bad faith. See Chambers v.

13

NASCO, Inc., 501 U.S. 32, 50, 111 S. Ct. 2123, 115 L. Ed. 2d 27

14

(1991). Thus, in McComb, we explained that a party's “record of

15

continuing and persistent violations” and “persistent contumacy” justified

16

placing “the burden of any uncertainty in the decree ... on [the] shoulders”

17

of the party who violated the court order. 336 U.S. at 192–193, 69 S. Ct.

18

497. On the flip side of the coin, a party's good faith, even where it does

19

not bar civil contempt, may help to determine an appropriate sanction. Cf.

20

Young v. United States ex rel. Vuitton et Fils S. A., 481 U.S. 787, 801,

21

107 S. Ct. 2124, 95 L. Ed. 2d 740 (1987) (“[O]nly the least possible

22

power adequate to the end proposed should be used in contempt cases”

23

(quotation altered)).

24

25

In their opposition, Respondents argued that they did not violate any of this

26 Court’s orders because the Roman preliminary injunction was stayed by the Circuit, and

27 the operative order in this case, the April 24, 2020, stay order, was dependant on the

28 Roman preliminary injunction. Normally, civil contempt is not an available

Order – Page 4 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 237 Filed 07/27/20 Page 5 of 7 Page ID #:5131

1 enforcement mechanism for violations of a preliminary injunction after the preliminary

2 injunction has been terminated. See Shell Offshore, 815 F. 3d at 630. Here, however,

3 the Circuit did not terminate the Roman preliminary injunction – the Circuit merely

4 stayed the Roman preliminary injunction pending an expedited appeal.

5

To clarify the distinction between a stay and a termination of an order, the Court,

6 again, turns to the Supreme Court. In Nken v. Holder, 556 U.S. 418, 428-429 (2009),

7 the Court stated that:

8

... instead of directing the conduct of a particular actor, a stay

9

[pending appeal] operates upon the judicial proceeding itself. It does so

10

either by halting or postponing some portion of the proceeding, or by

11

temporarily divesting an order of enforceability. See Black's, supra, at

12

1413 (6th ed.1990) (defining “stay” as “a suspension of the case or some

13

designated proceedings within it”).

14

A stay pending appeal certainly has some functional overlap with an

15

injunction, particularly a preliminary one. Both can have the practical

16

effect of preventing some action before the legality of that action has been

17

conclusively determined. But a stay achieves this result by temporarily

18

suspending the source of authority to act – the order or judgment in

19

question – not by directing an actor's conduct. A stay “simply suspend[s]

20

judicial alteration of the status quo,” while injunctive relief “grants

21

judicial intervention that has been withheld by lower courts.” Ohio

22

Citizens for Responsible Energy, Inc. v. NRC, 479 U.S. 1312, 1313, 107

23

S. Ct. 682, 93 L. Ed. 2d 692 (1986) (SCALIA, J., in chambers).

24 (emphasis added).

25

26

Thus, the consequence of the Circuit’s stay, pending appeal, of the Roman

27 preliminary injunction was the maintenance of the status quo. The status quo as to

28 Petitioner is that he remain released pending a final resolution of Roman or further

Order – Page 5 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 237 Filed 07/27/20 Page 6 of 7 Page ID #:5132

1 order of the Court. Since neither has occurred, Respondents’ re-detention of Petitioner

2 violated the Court’s orders. However, because Respondents have, again, released 3 Petitioner, there is no need, at this time, for the Court to coerce Respondents to comply 4 with its orders. See Int'l Union, UMWA v. Bagwell, 512 U.S. 821, 827 (1994).

5 Nevertheless, Respondents’ actions in re-detaining Petitioner, was, indeed, a violation

6 of the Court’s orders. Consequently, Respondents shall pay to Petitioner the legal fees

7 he incurred for the filing of this application. See Shell Offshore. If the parties cannot

8 agree, within 30 days, as to amount of the reasonable fees incurred, Petitioner shall file

9 a supplemental declaration regarding fees for the Court’s review.

10

The issue, here, is not whether Respondents may deport Petitioner – indeed, the

11 Court acknowledges that it lacks jurisdiction to prevent Respondents from deporting

12 Petitioner. Rather, the issue is whether Respondents may re-detain Petitioner, or any

13 other Roman class member ordered to be released, without first seeking leave of Court,

14 given the orders that are in place. To that, the answer is clear. They may not.

15

16

Accordingly,

17

18

It is Ordered that the emergency ex parte application for civil contempt be, and

19 hereby is, Granted.

20

21

It is further Ordered that Respondents shall pay the reasonable attorney’s fees

22 Petitioner incurred for this emergency ex parte application.

23

24

It is further Ordered that Respondents shall not re-detain any Roman class

25 member who has been ordered by this Court to be released without first obtaining a

26 further order from the Court.

27

28

It is further Ordered that the Clerk of Court shall file a copy of this order in

Order – Page 6 of 7

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 237 Filed 07/27/20 Page 7 of 7 Page ID #:5133

1 Roman so that Respondents and their counsel in that case will be well informed that any 2 further violation of the Court’s release orders will result in further contempt sanctions.

3
4 Date: July 24, 2020
5 6 7

__________________________________ Terry J. Hatter, Jr.
Senior United States District Judge

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Order – Page 7 of 7

 
 NOT FOR PUBLICATION UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

FILED
SEP 23 2020
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN; BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ; MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated,

No. 20-55436
D.C. No. 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC

Appellees,

Plaintiffs-Petitioners-

MEMORANDUM*

v.

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; TONY H. PHAM, Senior Official Performing the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; JAMES JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

Defendants-RespondentsAppellants.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Central District of California
Terry J. Hatter, Jr., District Judge, Presiding
Argued and Submitted September 15, 2020
* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.

San Francisco, California Before: Paul J. Watford, Michelle T. Friedland, and Eric D. Miller, Circuit Judges. Concurrence by Judge MILLER
In this interlocutory appeal, the Government1 challenges a preliminary injunction entered by the district court in response to Plaintiffs’ claims that conditions at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center (“Adelanto”), where they were detained, placed them at unconstitutional risk of contracting COVID-19. We heard oral argument in the appeal last week. Yesterday evening, while we were preparing an opinion addressing the interlocutory appeal, we received an emergency motion from Plaintiffs explaining that, in the last week, 58 detainees and eight staff members had tested positive for COVID-19 at Adelanto, and over 300 detainees were still awaiting their test results. Nine detainees have been hospitalized since September 10. Plaintiffs allege that the Government was already aware of the outbreak by the time of oral argument but failed to mention it. We did not learn of the outbreak until
1 Defendants-Appellants are Chad F. Wolf, Acting Secretary of Homeland Security; Tony H. Pham, Senior Official Performing the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (“ICE”); David Marin, Director of the Los Angeles Field Office for ICE’s Enforcement and Removal Operations; and James Janecka, Warden of Adelanto. We refer to them collectively as “the Government.” Pham has been automatically substituted for Matthew T. Albence, former Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing the Duties of the Director of ICE. Fed. R. App. P. 43(c)(2).
2

yesterday—more than a week later. The emergency motion asks us either to lift a stay pending appeal of the preliminary injunction, which had previously been imposed in an unpublished order by a motions panel of our court, or to clarify that the stay does not prohibit the district court from ordering protective measures in response to the changed circumstances presented by the developing outbreak. In light of the urgency of the situation, we issue this disposition affirming the preliminary injunction order in part, vacating it in part, and remanding so that the district court may immediately address current circumstances in Adelanto. A published version of this opinion will be forthcoming, together with any separate opinion.
I. Plaintiffs brought this class action on behalf of noncitizens detained at Adelanto. These noncitizens are being held in civil detention in connection with various immigration proceedings, and many of them have no criminal record. Plaintiffs seek declaratory and injunctive relief, as well as habeas relief. Their Complaint alleges that, in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, Adelanto’s failure to implement necessary protective measures—including social distancing, sanitation, and the provision of sufficient masks and soap—violates detainees’ due process rights under the Fifth Amendment. The district court certified a class of 1,370 Adelanto detainees, and granted a preliminary injunction that, inter alia, imposed a
3

moratorium on Adelanto’s receipt of new detainees, required specific sanitation measures, mandated compliance with guidance issued by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (“CDC”), and ordered the facility’s detainee population to be reduced to a level that would enable social distancing. The district court left to the Government’s discretion whether to achieve the requisite population reduction by deporting selected detainees, transferring selected detainees to other facilities, or releasing selected detainees with appropriate conditions of release. The court likewise allowed the Government to determine which detainees to release, deport, or transfer.
The Government timely appealed and sought an emergency stay of the preliminary injunction pending appeal, which a motions panel, in an unpublished order, granted, except to the extent the preliminary injunction “require[d] substantial compliance with guidelines issued by the [CDC] for correctional and detention facilities to follow in managing COVID-19.”
We heard oral argument on September 15, 2020. The next day, in response to an inquiry from Plaintiffs’ counsel, the Government revealed to Plaintiffs’ counsel that 38 detainees had tested positive for COVID-19 at Adelanto.
In the district court, Plaintiffs filed an ex parte application for a temporary restraining order (“TRO”) on September 16, 2020, seeking an order compelling the Government to test all Adelanto detainees (using rapid, point-of-care tests, if
4

possible) and to isolate all detainees who received positive test results. The Government filed a status report, which the district court construed as an opposition to the TRO application. The district court denied the application for a TRO on September 17, 2020, without specifying its reasoning.
The following day, Plaintiffs filed an ex parte application for reconsideration of the district court’s denial of their motion for a TRO and sought a further TRO. Specifically, Plaintiffs requested that the district court order the Government to:
(1) Test all detainees at Adelanto; (2) Isolate, in single occupancy cells, all detainees who have tested positive for COVID-19 and all detainees who are awaiting test results; (3) Prevent staff who worked in the West 5C and West 5D housing units from returning to work pending their COVID-19 test results, even if they are asymptomatic; (4) Suspend intake of new detainees into Adelanto; and (5) Provide daily status reports. Plaintiffs acknowledged that the Government was already undertaking some of the measures requested but contended that the Government had neither adopted the isolation protocols proposed by Plaintiffs nor suspended its receipt of new detainees into Adelanto. The Government again opposed the motion. In an order issued on September 22, 2020, the district court expressed concern about the adequacy of the Government’s response to the outbreak, but it stated that its “hands have been tied by the Ninth Circuit’s stay.” The district court therefore denied reconsideration, but it instructed the parties to file a joint status
5

report “regarding Adelanto’s Covid-19 outbreak” with our court, which we received later that same afternoon.
The parties’ report informed us that, as of September 22, there were 58 confirmed cases among detainees and eight among staff members. More than half of the detainees who had received results tested positive. Twenty of the COVID19-positive detainees belong to a medically vulnerable group at the greatest risk of suffering severe complications, and nine detainees were hospitalized. The Government has stated its intention to test all Adelanto detainees and staff. Just over half of the 774 detainees had been tested by September 20. Tests apparently take at least three days to return results, so the parties are awaiting results for hundreds of detainees.
We received an emergency motion from Plaintiffs on the evening of September 22, several hours after we received the parties’ status report, asking us to clarify or to partially lift the emergency stay imposed by the motions panel.2 The emergency motion asserted that the Government had not imposed measures at Adelanto necessary to counter the developing outbreak. Among other things, Plaintiffs reported that the detainees in the housing unit with confirmed cases were being held “two per cell,” less than six feet apart; new detainees were continually being brought into the facility; and only some of the detainees had been tested for
2 The Government indicated that it opposes the emergency motion. 6

the virus so far. Plaintiffs asked us to clarify that the emergency stay of the district court’s preliminary injunction did not “deprive[] [the district court] of authority to order appropriate isolation protocols and a temporary halt to new intakes” in light of the changed circumstances presented by the current outbreak. Plaintiffs requested, in the alternative, that we “lift the stay insofar as it prohibits the district court from responding to the current crisis.”3
II. “A plaintiff seeking a preliminary injunction must establish that he is likely to succeed on the merits, that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of preliminary relief, that the balance of equities tips in his favor, and that an injunction is in the public interest.” Winter v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 20 (2008). Where the government is a party to a case in which a preliminary injunction is sought, the balance of the equities and public interest factors merge. Drakes Bay Oyster Co. v. Jewell, 747 F.3d 1073, 1092 (9th Cir. 2014). Further, where the “balance of hardships . . . tips sharply towards the plaintiff,” a plaintiff need only show “serious questions going to the merits,” rather
3 Intervening developments notwithstanding, the preliminary injunction is the only order presently before us for review in this appeal. The Government has filed a separate interlocutory appeal of procedural orders relating to bail applications—orders that were entered by the district court months after the preliminary injunction was issued and stayed. We will resolve that separate appeal by future order or opinion.
7

than likelihood of success on the merits, to warrant preliminary injunctive relief. All. for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 632 F.3d 1127, 1135 (9th Cir. 2011) (quotation marks and citation omitted). Injunctions that alter the status quo “are not granted unless extreme or very serious damage will result and are not issued in doubtful cases.” Marlyn Nutraceuticals, Inc. v. Mucos Pharma GmbH & Co., 571 F.3d 873, 879 (9th Cir. 2009) (quotation marks omitted).
We review a district court’s decision to grant or deny a preliminary injunction for abuse of discretion. Sw. Voter Registration Educ. Project v. Shelley, 344 F.3d 914, 918 (9th Cir. 2003) (en banc) (per curiam). We review the district court’s legal conclusions de novo and its factual findings for clear error. K.W. ex rel. D.W. v. Armstrong, 789 F.3d 962, 969 (9th Cir. 2015).
A district court’s decision regarding class certification is also reviewed for abuse of discretion. Pulaski & Middleman, LLC v. Google, Inc., 802 F.3d 979, 984 (9th Cir. 2015).
III. As a threshold matter, the parties dispute whether district courts have authority to order the types of relief in the preliminary injunction in response to habeas claims. Specifically, the Government argues that a district court on habeas review may not order detainee releases or any other injunctive relief to remedy unconstitutional conditions of confinement. We need not reach that issue to
8

resolve this appeal because, separately from their habeas petition, Plaintiffs brought a class action complaint for declaratory and injunctive relief seeking to remedy allegedly unconstitutional conditions at Adelanto. That action for declaratory and injunctive relief independently provided the district court jurisdiction to hear Plaintiffs’ challenges and authority to grant the types of relief that Plaintiffs sought.
Courts have long recognized the existence of an implied equitable cause of action through which plaintiffs may seek equitable relief to remedy a constitutional violation. See Sierra Club v. Trump, 963 F.3d 874, 888 (9th Cir. 2020) (“Certain provisions of the Constitution give rise to equitable causes of action.”) (citing cases), petition for cert. filed (U.S. Aug. 7, 2020) (No. 20-138). Here, Plaintiffs’ due process claims arise under the Constitution and Plaintiffs invoked 28 U.S.C. § 1331, which provides subject matter jurisdiction irrespective of the accompanying habeas petition. Moreover, an implied cause of action exists for Plaintiffs to challenge allegedly unconstitutional conditions of confinement. See Simmat v. U.S. Bureau of Prisons, 413 F.3d 1225, 1230-32, 1236 (10th Cir. 2005) (observing that “[f]ederal courts have long exercised the traditional powers of equity, in cases within their jurisdiction, to prevent violations of constitutional rights,” and holding that federal courts have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1331 over federal prisoners’ constitutional claims for injunctive relief against prison
9

officials); see also Ziglar v. Abbasi, 137 S. Ct. 1843, 1862-63 (2017) (noting that, apart from Bivens or habeas relief, noncitizen detainees could seek injunctive relief to challenge their conditions of confinement); Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 526 n.6 (1979) (declining to decide whether habeas is a proper vehicle for pretrial detainees in federal custody to challenge conditions of confinement because “jurisdiction would have been provided by 28 U.S.C. § 1331(a)”). Therefore, the district court had the authority both to entertain Plaintiffs’ constitutional challenges and to grant injunctive relief in response to them.
Further, the district court’s power to grant injunctive relief included the authority to order a reduction in population, if necessary to remedy a constitutional violation. See Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Bd. of Educ., 402 U.S. 1, 15 (1971) (“Once a [constitutional] right and a violation have been shown, the scope of a district court’s equitable powers to remedy past wrongs is broad, for breadth and flexibility are inherent in equitable remedies.”). In Brown v. Plata, 563 U.S. 493 (2011), for example, the Supreme Court affirmed the conclusion of a threejudge district court that prison overcrowding had resulted in Eighth Amendment violations in California prisons, and, because no other relief would cure the violations, the Court agreed that an order limiting the prison population to a specific percentage of design capacity, which may have required state officials to release some prisoners, was an appropriate remedy. Id. at 500-02. Similarly,
10

Plaintiffs here argued that changes in sanitation conditions at Adelanto are necessary, but not sufficient, to cure the alleged Fifth Amendment violation and that a reduction in the facility’s population was required for detainee safety. As in Brown, the district court in this case was permitted to order the reduction of Adelanto’s population, which may require release of some detainees, if such a remedy was necessary to cure the alleged constitutional violations.
IV. We hold that the district court did not abuse its discretion by entering a preliminary injunction in response to Plaintiffs’ due process claims. The district court made detailed factual findings in support of the preliminary injunction, none of which the Government challenged in its brief on appeal as being clearly erroneous. For instance, the district court accepted as true Plaintiffs’ declarations and other evidence that the following conditions were present at Adelanto: the Government had failed to impose social distancing because there were “too many detainees at Adelanto for its size”; newly arrived detainees were either mixed with the general population or housed with other new detainees who had arrived at different times, both of which undermined the ostensible 14-day quarantine period for new arrivals; staff were not required to wear gloves and masks; there was a lack of necessary cleaning supplies, resulting in cleaning of communal spaces that was “haphazard, at best”; there were only three functioning showers for 118 women;
11

there was inadequate access to hand sanitizer because dispensers were often empty and detainees had to wait for days to receive hand soap; and detainees were forced to sleep within six feet of each other due to the positions of their beds. In light of these factual findings, which the Government has not shown to be clearly erroneous, we agree with the district court that the conditions at Adelanto in April violated detainees’ due process right to reasonable safety.4
The Fifth Amendment requires the government to provide conditions of reasonable health and safety to people in its custody. See DeShaney v. Winnebago County Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 489 U.S. 189, 199-200 (1989); Doe v. Kelly, 878 F.3d 710, 714 (9th Cir. 2017). The government has violated this duty when “(i) [it] made an intentional decision with respect to the conditions under which the plaintiff was confined; (ii) those conditions put the plaintiff at substantial risk of suffering serious harm; (iii) the [government] did not take reasonable available measures to abate that risk, even though a reasonable official in the circumstances would have appreciated the high degree of risk involved . . . ; and (iv) by not
4 Plaintiffs pursue two related Fifth Amendment due process theories. The first argues that the conditions at Adelanto are unconstitutionally punitive, see Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 535-37 (1979), whereas the second argues that the Government violated Plaintiffs’ right to reasonable safety while in the Government’s custody, see DeShaney v. Winnebago County Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 489 U.S. 189, 199-200 (1989). Because we hold that the district court was justified in granting preliminary relief based on the “reasonable safety” theory, we do not address the merits of the “punitive conditions” theory here.
12

taking such measures, the [government] caused the plaintiff’s injuries.” Gordon v. County of Orange, 888 F.3d 1118, 1125 (9th Cir. 2018). “With respect to the third element, the [government’s] conduct must be objectively unreasonable, a test that will necessarily ‘turn[] on the facts and circumstances of each particular case.’” Castro v. County of Los Angeles, 833 F.3d 1060, 1071 (9th Cir. 2016) (en banc) (second alteration in original) (quoting Kingsley v. Hendrickson, 576 U.S. 389, 397 (2015)).
We agree with the district court that the Government likely failed to meet its constitutional duty to provide reasonably safe conditions to Plaintiffs. At the time the injunction issued, Adelanto was a facility so crowded that social distancing to combat the spread of the novel coronavirus was impossible, detainees had inadequate access to masks, guards were not required to wear masks, there was not enough soap or hand sanitizer to go around, detainees were responsible for cleaning the facility with only dirty towels and dirty water, and detainees were compelled to sleep with less than six feet of distance between them. The Government was aware of the risks these conditions posed, especially in light of high-profile outbreaks at other carceral facilities that had already occurred at the time, and yet had not remedied the conditions. Its inadequate response was objectively unreasonable. The district court therefore rightly concluded that Plaintiffs were likely to prevail on the merits. Cf. Helling v. McKinney, 509 U.S.
13

25, 35 (1993) (holding that the health risk posed by a prison inmate’s involuntary
exposure to second-hand smoke could form the basis of a claim that the
government was violating his right to reasonable safety).5 The district court was
also correct in its conclusion that Plaintiffs were likely to suffer irreparable harm
absent relief given COVID-19’s high mortality rate. Finally, the district court
5 We recognize that our sister circuits have reached differing conclusions when presented with cases about COVID-19 risks in carceral settings. Compare Mays v. Dart, --- F.3d ---, 2020 WL 5361651, at *1, *9 (7th Cir. 2020) (affirming in part a preliminary injunction that mandated sanitation measures and mask availability in a county jail), and Valentine v. Collier, 960 F.3d 707, 708 (5th Cir. 2020) (per curiam) (Davis, J., concurring in the judgment) (noting that “inmates are now being held under circumstances that seriously threaten their life”), and id. (Graves, J., specially concurring) (noting that the inmates were likely to succeed on the merits of their constitutional challenge to conditions of confinement), with Wilson v. Williams, 961 F.3d 829, 840-41 (6th Cir. 2020) (holding that inmates were unlikely to prevail on their deliberate indifference claim), and Swain v. Junior, 958 F.3d 1081, 1089 (11th Cir. 2020) (holding that pretrial detainees were unlikely to prevail on a deliberate indifference claim). Some of these cases arose in the context of criminal detention, and thus the deliberate indifference claims there, unlike due process challenges to civil detention conditions, required an analysis of prison officials’ subjective intent to harm. E.g., Wilson, 961 F.3d at 840 (holding that while the objective prong was “easily satisfied,” the subjective prong would likely prevent plaintiffs’ success on the merits because officials responded reasonably). Moreover, each case must be evaluated on the specific factual record compiled by the district court because “objective reasonableness turns on the facts and circumstances of each particular case.” Kingsley, 576 U.S. at 397 (quotation marks and citation omitted). Here, the district court made specific factual findings that supported its conclusion that plaintiffs would likely succeed on the merits and that they would likely suffer irreparable harm. Cf. Hope v. Warden York County Prison, --- F.3d ---, 2020 WL 5001785, at *13 (3d Cir. 2020) (critiquing lack of “specific findings”); id. at *4 (critiquing district court for not permitting the government to offer evidence or giving it an opportunity to be heard before ordering injunctive relief).
14

rightly concluded that the equities tipped in Plaintiffs’ favor, particularly in light of the lack of criminal records of many of the detainees and the alternative means available to prevent their absconding if they were released, such as electronic monitoring.
V. We further hold that the district court did not err by provisionally certifying a class of all Adelanto detainees. The alleged due process violations exposed all Adelanto detainees to an unnecessary risk of harm, not just those who are releaseeligible or uniquely vulnerable to COVID-19. The preliminary injunction afforded class-wide relief that would have remedied the constitutional violations as to all detainees, even though it would have entailed the release or transfer of only some of the detainees. The district court did not abuse its discretion in holding that Plaintiffs had satisfied the commonality, adequacy, and typicality requirements of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23(a) and the uniform remedy requirement of Rule 23(b)(2).6 See Parsons v. Ryan, 754 F.3d 657, 689 (9th Cir. 2014) (affirming class certification under Rule 23(b)(2) for an Eighth Amendment challenge to inmate medical care policies and explaining that “although a presently existing risk may ultimately result in different future harm for different inmates—ranging from no harm at all to death—every inmate suffers exactly the same constitutional injury
6 Defendants do not contest numerosity. 15

when he is exposed to a single statewide . . . policy or practice that creates a substantial risk of serious harm,” id. at 678); cf. Brown v. Plata, 563 U.S. 493, 502 (2011) (affirming a class-wide injunction imposing a “court-mandated population limit” in state prisons to remedy Eighth Amendment violations due to “severe and pervasive overcrowding,” which would require the release of only some inmates).
VI. Although we affirm the portions of the preliminary injunction order concluding that the district court possesses the power to grant injunctive relief and that Plaintiffs are likely to prevail on the merits of their due process claims, we nonetheless vacate the provisions of the preliminary injunction that ordered specific measures to be implemented at Adelanto. The district court tailored those measures to respond to the circumstances at Adelanto as of mid-April. In the intervening five months, those circumstances have changed dramatically. For example, it now appears that Adelanto houses only 748 detainees, significantly fewer than the 1,370 detainees it held when the district court issued its preliminary injunction. More pressingly—and despite the reduced population level—the facility is experiencing a COVID-19 outbreak, which was not the case when the preliminary injunction issued. In response to the outbreak described in the emergency motion, it seems the Government is now in the process of testing all Adelanto detainees for COVID-19, and it has also purportedly adjusted its
16

procedures for “cohort[ing]” detainees within the last 48 hours. In short, the facts that motivated the district court’s preliminary injunction no longer reflect the current realities at Adelanto. The district court may have received further medical expert testimony or other evidence during the intervening months as well.
The conditions at Adelanto appear to be evolving rapidly. Unlike our court, the district court has been continually apprised of developments at the facility and is better situated to assess what relief current conditions may warrant. We therefore decline to speculate about which provisions of the preliminary injunction should still apply. We vacate the provisions of the injunction ordering specific reductions in the detainee population and specific changes in conditions at the facility and remand to the district court for further proceedings consistent with this disposition and with the latest facts. See Valentine v. Collier, 960 F.3d 707, 707 (5th Cir. 2020) (per curiam) (vacating preliminary injunction based on changed circumstances); id. at 707 (Davis, J., concurring in the judgment) (concurring “because conditions have dramatically changed in the prison since the preliminary injunction issued, and vacating the preliminary injunction allows the district court to expeditiously conduct factfinding to determine what relief is necessary under the current circumstances”).
We make some observations for the district court to consider on remand. First, we reiterate that the district court possesses broad equitable authority to
17

remedy a likely constitutional violation. If the district court determines, based on current facts, that particular measures are necessary to ensure that conditions at Adelanto do not put detainees at unreasonable risk of serious illness and death, it may require such measures. The district court may, for example, require the provision of sufficient cleaning supplies and hand sanitizer, or a reduction in the population to a level that would allow for six-foot social distancing, if it concludes those actions are necessary to bring the conditions to a constitutionally adequate level. And, of course, the district court has authority to remedy a constitutional violation by ordering measures that it determines are necessary to counter the spread of an outbreak, including mandating medical isolation of detainees who have tested positive for COVID-19 or who are awaiting test results, and imposing a temporary moratorium on Adelanto’s receiving new detainees.
Second, although our court previously stayed the district court’s preliminary injunction except to the extent it required compliance with the CDC’s guidelines for correctional and detention facilities, we think developments since the stay have made clear that those guidelines do not provide a workable standard for a preliminary injunction. The guidance document spans 25 pages and makes hundreds of recommendations, many of which lack specificity. More fundamentally, it contains key caveats, such as that its recommendations “may need to be adapted based on individual facilities’ physical space, staffing,
18

population, operations, and other resources and conditions.” Given the vagueness of that caveat, it is no surprise that the parties strongly disagree on whether the Government was complying with the CDC guidance even before this case was filed and have continued to disagree about what the CDC guidance means. The guidance document’s lack of specificity makes it a poor guidepost for mandatory injunctive relief. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(d)(1)(B), (C) (an injunction must “state its terms specifically” and “describe in reasonable detail—and not by referring to the complaint or other document—the act or acts restrained or required”).
Third, the district court should, to the extent possible, avoid imposing provisions that micromanage the Government’s administration of conditions at Adelanto. Certain provisions in the preliminary injunction—such as the requirement that specific areas be cleaned “by a professionally trained cleaning staff,” rather than by detainees or facility employees with a mix of duties—wade into facility administration at a granular level beyond what is required to remedy the constitutional violation identified. These types of considerations are better left to the “professional expertise of corrections officials.” Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 540 n.23 (1979).
Fourth, any new provisions of future injunctive relief should stem from medical evidence properly before the court. The district court should refrain from relying on declarations filed in other litigation, as it did when it ordered that
19

sleeping rooms or cells that contained toilets lacking integrated lids be limited to one person. Cf. Hope v. Warden York County Prison, --- F.3d ---, 2020 WL 5001785, at *9-10 (3d Cir. 2020) (criticizing reliance on evidence from prior case).
Finally, the injunction should, to the extent possible, reflect the scientific evidence about COVID-19 presented to the district court. For example, the preliminary injunction, as originally drafted, seemed to mandate that Adelanto staff must wear a mask even when working alone in an office, far away from detainees. We see no evidence in the current record that suggests wearing a mask in this specific situation would reduce COVID-19 transmission. If the district court determines on remand that scientific evidence supports ordering this measure, it should clearly identify the relevant evidence.
VII. Based on the foregoing, the preliminary injunction order is affirmed in part and vacated in part, and the case is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this disposition. Because the substantive provisions of the preliminary injunction are vacated, we dissolve forthwith the stay pending appeal of that order, and we deny Plaintiffs’ emergency motion as moot. See Consejo de Desarrollo Economico de Mexicali, A.C. v. United States, 482 F.3d 1157, 1174 n.7 (9th Cir. 2007).
20

FILED

Hernandez Roman v. Wolf, No. 20-55436

SEP 23 2020

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK

U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
MILLER, Circuit Judge, concurring in part and concurring in the judgment:

I concur in the court’s judgment in full, and I join all of its order except for

Part IV. In that part, the court concludes, based on the record that was before the

district court when it issued the preliminary injunction order in April, that “the

Government likely failed to meet its constitutional duty to provide reasonably safe

conditions to Plaintiffs.” Slip op. 14. The situation at Adelanto has changed

considerably since April, and our decision to remand this case will allow the

district court to determine, based on a new record, whether the government’s

response has fallen short of constitutional standards. I therefore would not opine on

the issues addressed in Part IV.

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 561 Filed 09/22/20 Page 1 of 5 Page ID #:12399

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

United States District Court

9

Central District of California

10

Western Division

11

12 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, et al.,

13

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

14

v.

15 CHAD T. WOLF, et al.,

16

Respondents-Defendants.

17

ED CV 20-00768 TJH
Order

18

19

20

The Court has considered the Petitioners’-Plaintiffs’ ex parte application for a

21 temporary restraining order [“TRO”] and for reconsideration of the Court’s September

22 17, 2020, order denying the Petitioners’-Plaintiffs’ previously filed ex parte application

23 for a TRO [dkt # 546], together with the moving and opposing papers.

24

On September 16, 2020, the Petitioners-Plaintiffs filed an ex parte application for

25 a TRO. That application notified the Court that there was a COVID-19 outbreak in the

26 West 5C and West 5D housing units at Adelanto and that 36 detainees had tested

27 positive for Covid-19. In response, the Court ordered the Government to file a status

28 report regarding the outbreak. On September 17, 2020, after considering the status

Order – Page 1 of 5

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 561 Filed 09/22/20 Page 2 of 5 Page ID #:12400

1 report, which the Court construed as the Government’s opposition to the application,

2 the Court denied the application but ordered the Government to file a further status

3 report on September 28, 2020.

4

The Petitioners-Plaintiffs, now, seek a TRO and reconsideration of the Court’s

5 September 17, 2020, order.

6

As of September 20, 2020, there were 53 detainees at Adelanto with confirmed

7 cases of COVID-19 from an outbreak that, likely, started somewhere between

8 September 5, 2020, and September 10, 2020. Twenty of those detainees are Fraihat

9 class members with known preexisting medical conditions that put them at greater risk

10 of complications related to COVID-19. So far, nine of the Covid-19 positive detainees,

11 as of September 20, 2020, have required hospitalization. In addition to the 53

12 detainees, eight Adelanto staff members have, also, tested positive for COVID-19. The

13 Government is in the process of testing all Adelanto detainees and staff, with testing

14 expected to be completed early this week. It is, currently, taking at least three to five

15 days to get test results. As more test results are received, the Court expects the number

16 of both detainees and staff with Covid-19 positive results to continue to rise. According

17 to the Government, Adelanto, currently, houses 748 detainees.

18

Both the Government’s expert, Murray Owen, D.O., and the Petitioners’-

19 Plaintiffs’ expert, Todd Schneberk, M.D., agree that the outbreak was most likely

20 caused by a staff member who reported to work at Adelanto infected with Covid-19.

21

The Court remains dumbfounded as to why the Government refused to

22 implement, and, instead, appealed and sought a stay of the section of the preliminary

23 injunction which required Adelanto’s staff to wear masks whenever in housing units.

24 The Government provided declarations from Gabriel Valdez, the Assistant Field

25 Director of Enforcement and Removal Operations who has administrative oversight of

26 Adelanto, though Adelanto is operated, under contract, by the GEO Group. In his

27 declarations, Assistant Director Valdez stated that Adelanto staff always wore masks.

28 But, he could not have been in all housing units at all times to definitively know

Order – Page 2 of 5

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 561 Filed 09/22/20 Page 3 of 5 Page ID #:12401

1 whether his representations were, indeed, correct. To the contrary, the Court has been

2 presented with numerous declarations from Adelanto detainees who stated that staff did

3 not always wear masks while in their housing units. Though we will likely never know

4 whether all of Adelanto’s staff, indeed, wore masks whenever in housing units, perhaps

5 the contact tracing now in progress might be able to determine who was the source of

6 the outbreak in West 5C and West 5D, and that might lead to other relevant evidence.

7

The Petitioners-Plaintiffs seek a TRO to require the Government to: (1) Test all

8 detainees at Adelanto; (2) Isolate, in single occupancy cells, all detainees who have

9 tested positive for COVID-19 and all detainees who are awaiting test results; (3)

10 Prevent staff who worked in the West 5C and West 5D housing units from returning to

11 work pending their COVID-19 test results, even if they are asymptomatic; (4) Suspend

12 intake of new detainees into Adelanto; and (5) Provide daily status reports.

13

The Petitioners-Plaintiffs concede in their reply brief that the Government has

14 “now done some of what Petitioners sought in their TRO applications.” According to

15 the Government, it is in the process of testing all detainees and staff, contact tracing,

16 and quarantining the West housing units. Thus, the only relief that the Petitioners-

17 Plaintiffs identified that the Government is not, already, addressing is the isolation

18 protocols and the suspension of the intake of new detainees.

19

The Government argued that it is, already, isolating some detainees. The

20 Government has isolated, with a limit of two detainees per cell, West 5C and West 5D

21 detainees who have tested positive and those who are awaiting test results. The

22 Government is treating detainees who are awaiting test results as presumptively

23 positive. However, the Government’s isolation protocol is puzzling to the Court. For

24 example, it appears that the Government’s isolation protocol allows two detainees

25 awaiting test results, Detainee A and Detainee B, to share a cell, where Detainee A

26 might have had COVID-19 at the time of the test but Detainee B did not. Both are

27 treated as presumptively positive, until test results are received, but only one is actually

28 positive at the time of testing. Because it takes, on average, at least three to five days

Order – Page 3 of 5

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 561 Filed 09/22/20 Page 4 of 5 Page ID #:12402

1 to get test results, Detainee B could have contracted COVID-19 or, at the very least,

2 could been exposed to it, before the test results were received. Further, if Detainee B

3 does contract COVID-19 during the three to five days he shares a cell with Detainee A,

4 his negative test result would not adequately reflect his new infection, but he would be

5 moved, nonetheless, and allowed to infect other detainees. The Court’s puzzlement is

6 even greater if the Government is permitting a detainee who tested positive to remain

7 housed in a cell with a detainee who is awaiting test results. In both of these situations,

8 the Petitioners-Plaintiffs are correct in that it would be a better practice for Adelanto to

9 isolate each detainee in a single occupant cell and to not place multiple detainees in a

10 single cell until after the Covid-19 test results have been received for all potential cell

11 mates.

12

In drafting its preliminary injunction, the Court contemplated the concerns of the

13 Petitioners-Plaintiffs and envisioned the tragic scenario that is, sadly, playing out now.

14 The Court’s preliminary injunction was crafted as an attempt to prevent cross infection

15 in cells and housing units, to prevent an outbreak from occurring, and to limit an

16 outbreak if one were to occur.

17

Because the Ninth Circuit stayed the preliminary injunction, the Court cannot,

18 now, order the Government to isolate detainees in single occupant cells because such

19 an order would contravene the stay. Likewise, the Court cannot, now, order the

20 Government to suspend the intake of new detainees at Adelanto because of the Ninth

21 Circuit’s stay.

22

The Court does not disagree that the Government’s procedures were inadequate

23 to prevent the outbreak from occurring, and that the Government’s procedures remain

24 inadequate to contain the outbreak from spreading. However, the Court’s hands have

25 been tied by the Ninth Circuit’s stay. Consequently, the Petitioners-Plaintiffs should

26 seek emergency relief directly from the Ninth Circuit.

27

28

Accordingly,

Order – Page 4 of 5

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 561 Filed 09/22/20 Page 5 of 5 Page ID #:12403

1

It is Ordered that the ex parte application for a temporary restraining order and

2 reconsideration of the Court’s September 17, 2020, order denying a temporary 3 restraining order be, and hereby is, Denied.

4

5

It is further Ordered that the Government shall file its further status report

6 regarding the Covid-19 outbreak at Adelanto by 12:00 p.m. on September 25, 2020,

7 rather than on September 28, 2020, as previously ordered.

8

9

It is further Ordered that the Government shall file a weekly status report

10 regarding the Covid-19 outbreak at Adelanto every Monday, starting October 5, 2020.

11

12

It is further Ordered that the parties shall file with the Ninth Circuit Court

13 of Appeals a joint status report regarding Adelanto’s Covid-19 outbreak by 4:00 p.m.

14 today, September 22, 2020.

15
16 Date: September 22, 2020

17

__________________________________

18

Terry J. Hatter, Jr.

19

Senior United States District Judge

20

21

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25

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28

Order – Page 5 of 5

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 586 Filed 09/25/20 Page 1 of 3 Page ID #:13408

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

United States District Court

9

Central District of California

10

Western Division

11

12 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, et al.,

ED CV 20-00768 TJH

13

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

14

v.

Order

15 CHAD T. WOLF, et al.,

16

Respondents-Defendants.

17

18

The Court has considered the motions by the Petitioners-Plaintiffs to enforce the

19 preliminary injunction [dkt # 315] and the Government’s motion to dismiss [dkt # 320],

20 together with the moving and opposing papers.

21

On April 13, 2020, Petitioners-Plaintiffs Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Beatriz

22 Andrea Forero Chavez, and Miguel Aguilar Estrada, on behalf of themselves and all

23 others similarly situated, initiated this action by filing their combined Petition for a Writ

24 of Habeas Corpus, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2241, and Complaint for Injunctive and 25 Declaratory Relief. This action is based on alleged Fifth Amendment substantive due 26 process violations at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing 27 Center [“Adelanto”] during the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, on April 13, 2020, the 28 Petitioners-Plainitffs moved for provisional class certification so that they could obtain

Order – Page 1 of 3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 586 Filed 09/25/20 Page 2 of 3 Page ID #:13409

1 class-wide preliminary injunctive relief.

2

After provisionally certifying the class, the Court issued a preliminary injunction,

3 order the Government to, inter alia, immediately put into effect the recommendations

4 and guidelines issued by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

5 [“CDC Provision”]. The Government, then, appealed the provisional class certification

6 order and the preliminary injunction to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. The Ninth

7 Circuit stayed the preliminary injunction, with the exception of the CDC Provision,

8 pending appeal. On September 22, 2020, the Court granted Petitioners’-Plaintiffs’

9 motion to fully certify the class.

10

On September 23, 2020, the Ninth Circuit issued a Memorandum Opinion with

11 regard to the provisional class certification order and the preliminary injunction,

12 holding that, inter alia: (1) Petitioners-Plaintiffs “due process claims [in the Complaint

13 arose] under the Constitution and [Petitioners’-Plaintiffs’] invoked 28 U.S.C. § 1331,

14 which provides subject matter jurisdiction;” and (2) This Court did not abuse its

15 discretion by issuing a preliminary injunction. However, given that five months had

16 passed since this Court issued its preliminary injunction and that the facts and science

17 have evolved, the Ninth Circuit vacated many of the provisions in the preliminary

18 injunction, including the CDC Provision, and remanded the matter with instructions to

19 issue an updated preliminary injunction.

20

Before the Ninth Circuit issued its Memorandum Opinion, the Petitioners-

21 Plaintiffs moved to enforce the CDC Provision, and the Government moved to dismiss

22 the Complaint.

23

Given the Ninth Circuit’s September 23, 2020, Memorandum Opinion,

24 Petitioners’-Plaintiffs’ motion to enforce the CDC Provision is, now, moot.

25

The Government moved to dismiss based on Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1), for lack

26 of subject matter jurisdiction, and Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6), for failure to state a claim.

27 The Government argued that Petitioners-Plaintiffs failed to state a claim in their

28 Complaint because: (1) A class had not yet been fully certified; (2) Injunctive relief is

Order – Page 2 of 3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 586 Filed 09/25/20 Page 3 of 3 Page ID #:13410

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 562 Filed 09/22/20 Page 1 of 6 Page ID #:12404

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

United States District Court

9

Central District of California

10

Western Division

11

12 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, et al.,

ED CV 20-00768 TJH

13

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

14

v.

Order

15 CHAD T. WOLF, et al.,

16

Respondents-Defendants.

17

18

The Court has considered the motion by the Petitioners-Plaintiffs for class

19 certification [dkt # 319], together with the moving and opposing papers.

20

On April 13, 2020, Petitioners-Plaintiffs Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Beatriz

21 Andrea Forero Chavez, and Miguel Aguilar Estrada, on behalf of themselves and all

22 others similarly situated, initiated this action by filing their combined Petition for a Writ

23 of Habeas Corpus, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2241, and Complaint for Injunctive and

24 Declaratory Relief. This action is based on alleged Fifth Amendment substantive due

25 process violations at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing

26 Center [“Adelanto”] during the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, on April 13, 2020, the

27 Petitioners-Plainitffs moved for provisional class certification so that they could obtain

28 class-wide preliminary injunctive relief.

Order – Page 1 of 6

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 562 Filed 09/22/20 Page 2 of 6 Page ID #:12405

1

To succeed on their motion to provisionally certify the class, the Petitioners-

2 Plaintiffs had the burden to establish all four threshold requirements of Fed. R. Civ. P.

3 23(a): (1) Numerosity of proposed class members; (2) Commonality of issue of fact or

4 law; (3) Typicality of the named representatives; and (4) Adequacy of the named

5 representatives and class counsel to fairly and adequately pursue this action. See

6 Rodriguez v. Hayes, 591 F.3d 1105, 1122 (9th Cir. 2010). Petitioners-Plaintiffs, also,

7 had the burden to establish at least one of the requirements of Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b).

8 See Parsons v. Ryan, 754 F.3d 657, 674 (9th Cir. 2014).

9

On April 23, 2020, the Court issued an order provisionally certifying the class,

10 finding that the Petitioners-Plaintiffs had met their burden under Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a)

11 and (b)(2). The Court defined the class to include all people who:

12

(1) Are currently detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto

13

Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center;

14

(2) Were detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto Immigration

15

and Customs Enforcement Processing Center at any time between March

16

23, 2020, and the final disposition of this case but have been transferred

17

by the Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement to another

18

immigration detention facility, regardless of whether the other detention

19

facility is within the Central District of California; or

20

(3) Were detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto Immigration

21

and Customs Enforcement Processing Center at any time between March

22

23, 2020, and the final disposition of this case but have been released

23

pursuant to a temporary restraining order, a preliminary injunction, or

24

other temporary release order issued by this Court.

25

After provisionally certifying the class, the Court issued a preliminary injunction.

26 The Government, then, appealed the provisional class certification order and the

27 preliminary injunction to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. The Ninth Circuit stayed

28 the preliminary injunction pending appeal. The appeal has been argued and is awaiting

Order – Page 2 of 6

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 562 Filed 09/22/20 Page 3 of 6 Page ID #:12406

1 a decision.

2

The Petitioners-Plainitffs, now, move to certify the class as defined by the Court

3 in the April 23, 2020, order.

4

The Petitioners-Plainitffs argued that the class should be certified because the

5 standard for class certification is the same as used by the Court to grant provisional

6 class certification, and there have been no material changes since the Court granted

7 provisional certification. In its opposition, the Government argued that the Petitioners-

8 Plaintiffs improperly incorporated by reference their motion for provisional class

9 certification and failed to raise any meaningful arguments in the instant motion. The

10 Government’s argument is form over substance – while the instant motion is, indeed,

11 bare bones, the Petitioners-Plaintiffs properly relied on the Court’s issuance of the

12 provisional class certification order to support the instant motion. Moreover, the

13 Petitioners-Plaintiffs’ motion for provisional class certification provided a sufficient

14 factual and legal basis to support class certification on a non-provisional basis.

15

The Government, further, argued the “Court should wait until the Ninth Circuit

16 rules on [its] interlocutory appeal that challenges the exact same class that petitioners’

17 seek to certify” before ruling on this motion. However, the Government recently

18 argued, twice, that the Court could not issue a temporary restraining order, inter alia,

19 because the Court had provisionally certified the class for the sole purpose of the

20 preliminary injunction. The Government cannot have it both ways. This case must

21 move forward.

22

Substantively, the Government argued that the class should not be certified

23 because the Petitioners-Plaintiffs failed to establish commonality, typicality, and

24 adequacy. Notably, the Government did not challenge the establishment of numerosity,

25 adequacy of lead counsel, or Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(2) met. The Court finds that

26 numerosity, adequacy of lead counsel, and Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(2) have, indeed, been

27 established.

28

The substantive arguments raised by the Government, here, are, in essence, the

Order – Page 3 of 6

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 562 Filed 09/22/20 Page 4 of 6 Page ID #:12407

1 same arguments it raised in its opposition to the motion for provisional class

2 certification – because the putative class members are detained under various, and

3 varying, statutory authorities, and because each putative class member suffers from

4 various risk factors, the commonality, typicality, and adequacy of the class

5 representatives have not been established. The Court rejected those arguments in its

6 April 23, 2020, order, and does so, again, here.

7

As to commonality, the specific reason why each class representative or putative

8 class member is being detained is immaterial, here. The issue before the Court is

9 whether the manner of their detention – the conditions of their confinement – violates

10 their Fifth Amendment substantive due process rights. Indeed, “although a presently

11 existing risk may ultimately result in different future harm for different [detainees] –

12 ranging from no harm at all to death – every [detainee, here, allegedly] suffers exactly

13 the same constitutional injury.” See Parsons, 754 F.3d at 678. Moreover, Fed. R.

14 Civ. P. 23 does not mandate that every putative class member must share every fact in

15 common. See Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1122. Rather, “the existence of shared legal

16 issues with divergent factual predicates is sufficient, as is a common core of salient facts

17 coupled with disparate legal remedies within the class.” Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1122.

18 Consequently, commonality is established because the common question that will

19 generate common answers apt to drive the resolution of this litigation is whether the

20 putative class members’ Fifth Amendment substantive due process rights are being

21 violated. See Wright v. Renzenberger, Inc., 656 F. App’x. 835, 837 (9th Cir. 2016).

22

As to typicality, the class representatives’ claim and the claim of the putative

23 class members are the same – a Fifth Amendment substantive due process claim.

24 Typicality is established where the class representatives’ claim is “reasonably co-

25 extensive with those of absent class members; [it] need not be substantially identical.”

26 Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1124. That detainees have various risk factors does not bar a

27 finding of typicality. See Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1124. Consequently, typicality is

28 established as the class representatives’ claim is typical of the class because it is

Order – Page 4 of 6

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 562 Filed 09/22/20 Page 5 of 6 Page ID #:12408

1 reasonably coextensive with the claim of the absent class members. See Hanlon v.

2 Chrysler Corp., 150 F.3d 1011, 1020 (9th Cir. 1998).

3

As to adequacy, the class representatives and the putative class members were

4 detained under different statutory authorities, but that does not bar a finding of

5 adequacy. The Court finds, inter alia, that: (1) Shared interests exist between the class

6 representatives and the putative class members; and (2) No conflicts of interest or

7 adverse interests exist between the class representatives and the putative class members.

8 See Hanlon,150 F.3d at 1020.

9

That the class representatives have been released pursuant to a temporary

10 restraining order does not prevent class certification or prevent them form being the

11 class representatives. See Rodriguez, 591 F.3d at 1124. Indeed, the class

12 representatives’ temporary relief provided by a temporary restraining order is, merely,

13 temporary. See Fed. R. Civ. P.65(b)(2). Thus, the class representatives’ temporary

14 release neither mooted their claim nor affected whether the class should be certified.

15 Moreover, the Court will define the class to include those who have been temporarily

16 or provisionally released pursuant to an order of this Court.

17

Thus, the class should be certified.

18

19

Accordingly,

20

21

It is ordered that motion for class certification be, and hereby is, Granted.

22

23

It is further Ordered that the class shall be defined to include all people who:

24

(1) Are currently detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto

25

Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center;

26

(2) Were detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto Immigration

27

and Customs Enforcement Processing Center at any time between March

28

23, 2020, and the final disposition of this case but have been transferred

Order – Page 5 of 6

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 562 Filed 09/22/20 Page 6 of 6 Page ID #:12409

1

by Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement to another

2

immigration detention facility, regardless of whether the other detention

3

facility is within the Central District of California; or

4

(3) Were detained in civil immigration detention at the Adelanto Immigration

5

and Customs Enforcement Processing Center at any time between March

6

23, 2020, and the final disposition of this case but have been released

7

pursuant to a temporary restraining order, a preliminary injunction, or

8

other temporary release order issued by this Court.

9

10

It is further Ordered that Kelvin Hernandez Roman, Beatriz Andrea Forero

11 Chavez, and Miguel Aguilar Estrada be, and hereby are, Appointed to be the named

12 representatives of the class.

13

14

It is further Ordered that Ahilan Arulanantham, Jessica Karp Bansal, and

15 Michael Kaufmann be, and hereby are, Appointed as lead class counsel.

16

17

It is further Ordered that Michelle (Minju) Cho, Samir Deger-Sen, Kyle

18 Virgien, William Friedman, Charles Berdahl, Amanda Barnett, and Jessie Cammack 19 be, and hereby are, Appointed as class co-counsel.

20

21 Date: September 22, 2020

22

__________________________________

23

Terry J. Hatter, Jr.

24

Senior United States District Judge

25

26

27

28

Order – Page 6 of 6

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 532 Filed 09/16/20 Page 1 of 4 Page ID #:11827

1

SAMIR DEGER-SEN* samir.deger-sen@lw.com

2

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN* william.friedman@lw.com

3

CHARLES A. BERDAHL* charles.berdahl@lw.com

4

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 555 Eleventh Street, NW

5

Suite 1000 Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

6

Tel: 202.637.2200 Fax: 202.637.2201

7 AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046)

8

amanda.barnett@lw.com JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794)

9

jessie.cammack@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

10

355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 Los Angeles, California 90071-1560

11

Tel: 213.485.1234 Fax: 213.891.8763

12 Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

13 *Admitted Pro hac vice

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM (SBN 237841) aarulanantham@aclusocal.org JESSICA KARP BANSAL (SBN 277347) jbansal@aclusocal.org MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO (SBN 321939) mcho@aclusocal.org ACLU Foundation of Southern California 1313 West 8th Street Los Angeles, CA 90017 Telephone: (213) 977-9500 KYLE VIRGIEN (SBN 278747) kyle.virgien@lw.com LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 505 Montgomery Street Suite 2000 San Francisco, California 94111-6538 Tel: 415.391.0600Telephone: (213) 977-9500

14

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

15

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

16 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

17

BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and

) )

ADELANTO COVID

)

18 all others similarly situated,

19

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

20 v.

) ) ) ) )

PETITIONERS-PLAINTIFFS’ EX PARTE APPLICATION FOR EMERGENCY STATUS CONFERENCE AND TEMPORARY RESTRAINING

) ORDER

21

CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security;

) )

22 MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy

)

Director and Senior Official Performing )

23

the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement;

) )

24

DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and

) )

25 Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration )

and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES )

26

JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center,

) )

27

) Respondents-Defendants. )

28

)

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 532 Filed 09/16/20 Page 2 of 4 Page ID #:11828

1

Petitioners learned today that there is now a confirmed COVID-19 outbreak

2 at Adelanto. Petitioners had received reports from detainees suggesting as much,

3 and therefore emailed Respondents’ counsel to inquire. On September 16, 2020 at

4 2:49 PM, counsel for Respondents confirmed that there is currently an outbreak.

5 Decl. of William Friedman Ex. 1. The email states:

6

On September 14 and 15, 2020, Adelanto reported 6 new cases

7

originating in two housing units, 5WC and 5WD. Adelanto then tested

8

all the detainees in the affected housing units. Thus far, we have

9

received 38 positive test results for those detainees tested at 5WC and

10

5WD. The remaining test results are still pending but are expected

11

within the next several days.

12 Id.

13

Status Conference

14

Petitioners request an emergency status conference to be held as soon as

15 possible with Respondents and the Court to determine the relevant facts and seek the

16 Court’s guidance on how to proceed. Petitioners submit that Respondents should be

17 prepared to provide information concerning the following:

18 • All information concerning testing done in response to this outbreak,

19

including the number of tests conducted, the type of test conducted (including

20

whether the tests are rapid, point of care tests, or laboratory tests), when the

21

results are expected, and the results of those tests;

22 • Whether Adelanto has access to rapid, point of care testing;

23 • Whether people with confirmed positive cases are currently being medically

24

isolated from people with pending test results, people with confirmed negative

25

test results, or people who have not been tested;

26 • Whether people with pending tests results who are in housing units where

27

confirmed cases have been reported are currently being medically isolated

28 1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 532 Filed 09/16/20 Page 3 of 4 Page ID #:11829

1

from each other and people with confirmed negative tests results;

2 • How many Fraihat class members are currently in the affected housing units;

3 • Whether Adelanto staff members have received positive test results, and if so,

4

whether they are still entering the building;

5 • What space is available for people with confirmed cases to medically isolate;

6 • What space is available for people with suspected cases to medically isolate;

7 • Whether any class members have been hospitalized;

8 • Whether transfers or new detainees are currently being admitted into

9

Adelanto.

10

Temporary Restraining Order

11

Pursuant to Rule 65(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and Local Rule

12 65-1, Petitioners hereby move the Court for emergency relief in the form of a

13 temporary restraining order seeking the following relief:

14 • Immediate testing of all detainees in Adelanto. Respondents’ email

15

suggests: (1) they are not planning to conduct universal testing other than in

16

the two housing units and (2) they are not using rapid, point of care tests, but

17

instead using laboratory tests which may take days to return results. In order

18

to assess the magnitude of the outbreak, including what space is available to

19

safely medically isolate people with confirmed positive cases, Respondents

20

must test all detainees with the most expedited form of testing available to

21

them. If Respondents do not have rapid, point of care tests, they should acquire

22

them immediately.

23 • Medical isolation of confirmed positives: Respondents should medically

24

isolate all people with confirmed positive cases immediately. No people with

25

confirmed positive cases should be in the same dorm as a non-confirmed

26

positive case. Respondents’ email suggests that people with confirmed

27

positive cases may be presently interacting with people who do not have

28 2

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 532 Filed 09/16/20 Page 4 of 4 Page ID #:11830

1

confirmed positive cases within the same housing unit. That must stop

2

immediately. People with pending results and who are detained in any of the

3

housing units where positive cases have been confirmed should also be

4

medically isolated from each other and the general population in order to

5

prevent the disease from spending rapidly while they await their results.

6

These two emergency requests are necessary to blunt the rapid spread of this

7 outbreak and to prevent catastrophic, irreparable harm that would endanger the

8 public interest. The government’s refusal to provide these basic safeguards violates

9 the Fifth Amendment and requires emergency relief. King v. County of Los Angeles,

10 885 F.3d 548, 557 (9th Cir. 2018); Winter v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555

11 U.S. 7, 20 (2008).

12

On September 16, 2020 at 6:12 PM, counsel for Petitioners emailed counsel

13 for Respondents to advise of this ex parte application for status conference and

14 motion for temporary restraining order. As of the time of filing, counsel for

15 Respondents have not responded.

16

As Petitioners continue to discuss the outbreak with medical experts, they

17 anticipate requesting further relief shortly.

18

Respectfully submitted,

19 20 Dated: September 16, 2020 21

/s/ Amanda Barnett AMANDA BARNETT Counsel for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

22

23

24

25

26

27

28 3

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 532-1 Filed 09/16/20 Page 1 of 2 Page ID #:11831

1 SAMIR DEGER-SEN*

AHILAN ARULANANTHAM

samir.deger-sen@lw.com

(SBN 237841)

2 WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN*

aarulanantham@aclusocal.org

william.friedman@lw.com

JESSICA KARP BANSAL

3 CHARLES A. BERDAHL*

(SBN 277347)

charles.berdahl@lw.com

jbansal@aclusocal.org

4 LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

MICHELLE (MINJU) CHO

555 Eleventh Street, NW

(SBN 321939)

5 Suite 1000

mcho@aclusocal.org

Washington, D.C. 20004-1304

ACLU Foundation of Southern

6 Tel: 202.637.2200

California

Fax: 202.637.2201

1313 West 8th Street

7

Los Angeles, CA 90017

AMANDA BARNETT (SBN 319046) Telephone: (213) 977-9500

8 amanda.barnett@lw.com

JESSIE CAMMACK (SBN 329794) KYLE VIRGIEN (SBN 278747)

9 jessie.cammack@lw.com

kyle.virgien@lw.com

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

LATHAM & WATKINS LLP

10 355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 100 505 Montgomery Street

Los Angeles, California 90071-1560 Suite 2000

11 Tel: 213.485.1234

San Francisco, California 94111-6538

Fax: 213.891.8763

Tel: 415.391.0600Telephone: (213)

12

977-9500

Attorneys for Plaintiffs-Petitioners

13 * Admitted Pro hac vice

14

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

15

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

16 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN,

) Case No. 5:20-cv-00768

BEATRIZ ANDREA FORERO

)

17 CHAVEZ, MIGUEL AGUILAR

) ADELANTO COVID

ESTRADA, on behalf of themselves and )

18 all others similarly situated,

) DECLARATION OF WILLIAM

) M. FRIEDMAN IN SUPPORT

19

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

) OF PETITIONERS-

) PLAINTIFFS’ EX PARTE

20 v.

) APPLICATION FOR

) EMERGENCY STATUS

21 CHAD F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. ) CONFERENCE AND

Department of Homeland Security;

) TEMPORARY RESTRAINING

22 MATTHEW T. ALBENCE, Deputy

) ORDER

Director and Senior Official Performing )

23 the Duties of the Director, U.S.

)

Immigration and Customs Enforcement; )

24 DAVID MARIN, Director of the Los )

Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and )

25 Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration )

and Customs Enforcement; and JAMES )

26 JANECKA, Warden, Adelanto ICE

)

Processing Center,

)

27

)

Respondents-Defendants. )

28

)

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 532-1 Filed 09/16/20 Page 2 of 2 Page ID #:11832

1 I, William M. Friedman, declare as follows:

2

1. I am an attorney with the law firm Latham & Watkins LLP, attorneys

3 for Petitioners-Plaintiffs (“Petitioners”). I am an attorney in good standing in

4 Washington, D.C. and Maryland. I have personal knowledge of the facts set forth

5 below, and if called upon, can and will competently testify thereto.

6

2. I am making this Declaration in support of Petitioners’ Ex Parte

7 Application for Emergency Status Conference and Temporary Restraining Order.

8

3. Over the past several days, counsel for Petitioners have received

9 reports from detainees in Adelanto that staff and detainees were exhibiting

10 symptoms of COVID-19 and certain housing units were being locked down.

11

4. Counsel for Petitioners sent an email to counsel for Respondents

12 inquiring about these reports and asked for further information. On September 16,

13 2020 at 2:49 PM, counsel for Respondents replied and alerted Petitioners that there

14 is currently an outbreak in Adelanto. A true and correct copy of that correspondence

15 is attached as Exhibit 1.

16

5. On September 16, 2020 at 6:12 PM, counsel for Petitioners emailed

17 counsel for Respondents to inform them of Petitioners’ intention to file this Ex Parte

18 Application. As of filing, Petitioners have not received a response.

19

20

I declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct.

21

22 Dated: September 16, 2020
23
24
25

WILLIAM M. FRIEDMAN Counsel for Petitioners’-Plaintiffs

26

27

28 1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 532-2 Filed 09/16/20 Page 1 of 3 Page ID #:11833
EXHIBIT 1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 532-2 Filed 09/16/20 Page 2 of 3 Page ID #:11834
Friedman, Will (DC)

From: Sent: To: Cc:
Subject:

Chen, Hans H (CIV) <Hans.H.Chen@usdoj.gov> Wednesday, September 16, 2020 5:49 PM Jessica Bansal Ahilan Arulanantham; Deger-Sen, Samir (NY); Friedman, Will (DC); Virgien, Kyle (Bay Area); Robins, Jeffrey (CIV); Mercado-Santana, Victor M. (CIV); Molina, Ernesto H. (CIV); Sola, Wendy (CIV); Wilson, Sarah S. (CIV); Osinoff, Joanne (USACAC) RE: Hernandez Roman--Concerning Reports

Jessica,
We have learned that through September 13, 2020, Adelanto had 14 positive cases since the onset of COVID-19 pandemic. All of these cases involved new intakes to Adelanto who were tested upon arrival. 13 of the 14 have recovered and are no longer in medical isolation.
On September 14 and 15, 2020, Adelanto reported 6 new cases originating in two housing units, 5WC and 5WD. Adelanto then tested all the detainees in the affected housing units. Thus far, we have received 38 positive test results for those detainees tested at 5WC and 5WD. The remaining test results are still pending but are expected within the next several days.
There were a total of 80 detainees tested between the two housing units (including the initial six). Among other measures in response, Adelanto has placed 5WC and 5WD on quarantine status and is conducting contact tracing for all infected detainees.
We are preparing a notice and declaration with these facts for the Court and expect to file it soon. As this situation is unfolding in real-time, the information is subject to change frequently due to the nature of this event.
Hans
Hans H. Chen Trial Attorney United States Department of Justice Office of Immigration Litigation – District Court Section P.O. Box 868 | Washington, D.C. 20044 (202) 305-0190 | hans.h.chen@usdoj.gov

From: Jessica Bansal <JBansal@aclusocal.org> Sent: Tuesday, September 15, 2020 12:35 PM To: Robins, Jeffrey (CIV) <jerobins@CIV.USDOJ.GOV>; Chen, Hans H (CIV) <hchen@CIV.USDOJ.GOV>; Mercado-Santana, Victor M. (CIV) <vmercado@CIV.USDOJ.GOV> Cc: Ahilan Arulanantham <AArulanantham@aclusocal.org>; Samir.Deger-Sen@lw.com; William.Friedman@lw.com; Kyle.Virgien@lw.com Subject: Hernandez Roman--Concerning Reports
Counsel,
1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 532-2 Filed 09/16/20 Page 3 of 3 Page ID #:11835
We are receiving numerous reports from class members and immigration attorneys that several dorms in Adelanto are on quarantine, with many detainees experiencing COVID-19 symptoms, and that numerous staff members have been hospitalized with COVID-19 symptoms. Can you please (1) look into this and confirm whether there are currently dormitories in which detainees other than new arrivals are under quarantine due to suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases and (2) provide an update on the number of confirmed and suspected COVID-19 cases among Adelanto detainees and staff as well as the number of detainees reporting COVID-19 symptoms over the past two weeks. Given the urgency of this situation we ask that you respond no later than tomorrow. Thank you, Jessica Jessica Bansal, Senior Staff Attorney ACLU of Southern California Inland Empire Office (o) 909.380.7501 aclusocal.org || facebook || twitter || blog || app ACLU SoCal: STAND FOR JUSTICE >> Download our mobile app at mobilejusticeca.org
THIS MESSAGE IS INTENDED ONLY FOR THE USE OF THE INDIVIDUAL OR ENTITY TO WHICH IT IS ADDRESSED AND MAY CONTAIN INFORMATION THAT IS PRIVILEGED, CONFIDENTIAL AND EXEMPT FROM DISCLOSURE UNDER APPLICABLE LAW. IF THE READER OF THIS MESSAGE IS NOT THE INTENDED RECIPIENT OR THE EMPLOYEE OR AGENT RESPONSIBLE FOR DELIVERING THE MESSAGE TO THE INTENDED RECIPIENT, YOU ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT ANY DISSEMINATION, DISTRIBUTION OR COPYING OF THIS COMMUNICATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED.
2

 
 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 596 Filed 09/29/20 Page 1 of 15 Page ID #:13753

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 596 Filed 09/29/20 Page 2 of 15 Page ID #:13754

1

In its Memorandum Opinion, the Ninth Circuit unanimously affirmed that this

2 Court, indeed, had jurisdiction to consider the constitutional challenges raised by

3 Petitioners-Plaintiffs, and that this Court, indeed, possessed the authority to grant the

4 injunctive relief it ordered, including the reduction of the detainee population at the

5 Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center [“Adelanto”], to

6 remedy the unconstitutional conditions of confinement that existed at Adelanto at the

7 time the Court issued its Preliminary Injunction on April 23, 2020.

8

Moreover, the Ninth Circuit “agree[d] with ... [this] court that the conditions at

9 Adelanto in April violated detainees’ due process right to reasonable safety.” The

10 Circuit’s agreement was premised on the following conclusions:

11

The Government was aware of the risks the conditions posed, especially

12

in light of high-profile outbreaks at other carceral facilities that had already

13

occurred at the time, yet had not remedied the conditions. Its inadequate

14

response was objectively unreasonable. The district court therefore rightly

15

concluded that [Petitioners-Plaintiffs] were likely to prevail on the merits.

16

... The district court was also correct in its conclusion that [Petitioners-

17

Plaintiffs] were likely to suffer irreparable harm absent relief given

18

COVID-19's high mortality rate. Finally, the district court rightly

19

concluded that the equities tipped in Plaintiffs favor, particularly in light

20

of the lack of criminal records of many of the detainees and the alternative

21

means available to prevent their absconding if they were released, such as

22

electronic monitoring.

23

Because the circumstances at Adelanto have changed since April 23, 2020, and

24 the Preliminary Injunction was tailored to the conditions that existed at that time, the

25 Circuit vacated the specific measures ordered in the Preliminary Injunctions, vacated

26 the motions panel’s stay of the Preliminary Injunction forthwith, and remanded with

27 instructions to this Court to craft Preliminary Injunction provisions based on the

28 conditions that currently exist at Adelanto.

Modified Preliminary Injunction – Page 2 of 15

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 596 Filed 09/29/20 Page 3 of 15 Page ID #:13755

1

Back in April, Adelanto held approximately 1,370 detainees, whereas, now, there

2 are approximately 770 detainees. Further, as of April 23, 2020, the Government did

3 not require Adelanto’s staff to wear masks while working in detainee housing units or

4 when interacting with detainees, whereas, now, apparently, Adelanto’s staff is required

5 to wear masks while working in detainee housing units or interacting with detainees.

6

Even with the reduced detainee population and the mandatory staff mask rule, we

7 find ourselves in the middle of a COVID-19 outbreak with 81 detainees having

8 confirmed positive cases spread across four of Adelanto’s housing units – West 4B,

9 West 5A, West 5C and West 5D. The outbreak likely started between September 5,

10 2020, and September 10, 2020, and has grown to 81 confirmed positive cases of

11 COVID-19 among the detainees, including 20 Fraihat sub-class members, and 9

12 detainees who required hospitalization. The Government’s supplemental papers did not

13 inform the Court of the current number of Adelanto staff who have tested positive, but

14 earlier papers stated that 8 staff members had confirmed positive cases.

15

Both the Government’s expert, Murray Owen, D.O., and the Petitioners’-

16 Plaintiffs’ expert, Todd Schneberk, M.D., agree that the outbreak was most likely

17 caused by a staff member who reported to work at Adelanto infected with COVID-19.

18 But, as far as the Court has been informed, contact tracing has not been completed and

19 the source of the outbreak has yet to be identified. Nevertheless, the Government, in

20 its supplemental papers, hypothecated that an attorney representing a detainee in the

21 Immigration Court attached to Adelanto could have, theoretically, been the source of

22 the outbreak, rather than an Adelanto staff member.

23

Even if the Government’s hypothetical scenario were true, the Government is,

24 ultimately, in charge of the facility, which includes the Immigration Court, and

25 responsible the safety of its civil detainees, regardless of where they may be in the

26 facility. Moreover, the Government provided no evidence that it had imposed, or is

27 enforcing, a mandatary mask wearing rule for all people – including judges, attorneys,

28 staff, etc. – in common areas inside of the attached Immigration Court. The

Modified Preliminary Injunction – Page 3 of 15

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 596 Filed 09/29/20 Page 4 of 15 Page ID #:13756

1 Government can easily, and will, impose and enforce such a rule, if one does not

2 currently exist

3

The clear truth of the matter is that even with a reduced detainee population, and

4 even with staff, supposedly, wearing masks under Adelanto’s current staff mask

5 mandate, an outbreak still occurred. The current outbreak teaches the Court that, inter

6 alia, Adelanto’s detainee population has not been reduced sufficiently to prevent a

7 COVID-19 outbreak from occurring, and that further reductions in the detainee

8 population are needed to prevent another outbreak from occurring. While the Court

9 understands that a further reduction will not guarantee that another outbreak will not

10 occur, a further reduction is a reasonable step that must happen to ensure the detainees’s

11 reasonable safety guaranteed by the Constitution.

12

On August 10, 2020, the Petitioners-Plaintiffs filed a motion to enforce the CDC

13 guidelines provision of the Preliminary Injunction that was not stayed by the Circuit.

14 The Court, ultimately, denied that motion because the Ninth Circuit, in its

15 Memorandum Opinion, vacated the CDC provision. Nevertheless, in that motion, the

16 Petitioners-Plaintiffs brought to the Court’s attention the fact that Adelanto was not

17 testing symptomatic detainees for COVID-19 even though there was on-site testing

18 capacity since May, 2020. Indeed, Adelanto had received approximately 1,900 swab

19 test kits at one point by overnight delivery. The Government argued that all detainees

20 who complained of potential COVID-19 symptoms were evaluated by medical personnel

21 and referred for a test only if medical screening determined that testing was medically

22 appropriate. However, the Court is not concerned that symptomatic detainees must be

23 medically screened to determine whether their symptoms warrant a diagnostic COVID-

24 19 test.

25

Rather, the Court is concerned because it was informed, in the motion to enforce

26 the Preliminary injunction, that a plan to universally test all Adelanto detainees was

27 quashed for an unjustified and arbitrary reason. On May 19, 2020, the GEO Group,

28 which operates Adelanto under contract with the Government, advised Gabriel Valdez,

Modified Preliminary Injunction – Page 4 of 15

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 596 Filed 09/29/20 Page 5 of 15 Page ID #:13757

1 the Assistant Field Office Director of Enforcement and Removal Operations for the

2 Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and the Officer in Charge of

3 Adelanto, that it was prepared to start universal COVID-19 testing the next day, May

4 20, 2020, of all detainees and staff at Adelanto. In response to the advisement, Valdez

5 ordered the GEO Group to not conduct the universal testing of detainees. Valdez’s

6 reason for not allowing the GEO Group to conduct universal detainee testing was that

7 the testing was not mandatary for all detainees because detainees could opt to refuse the

8 test. During his deposition, Valdez stated “I had my reservations based on the – the

9 plan as written and the fact that the tests were not mandatory, they were optional, they

10 were voluntary.” Thus, Valdez blocked universal COVID-19 testing of detainees at

11 Adelanto.

12

Valdez’s decision was not based on scientific evidence, sound or otherwise; was

13 not based on a lack of detention or medical staff available to administer the tests; and

14 not based on a lack of financial resources. Nor did Valdez, based on the record before

15 the Court, consider that the Centers for Disease Control, at the time, recommended

16 universal testing for a facility, such as Adelanto, that was in a community, such as San

17 Bernardino County, that had a moderate to substantial community transmission rate of

18 COVID-19. Rather, Valdez decided that none of the detainees should be tested just

19 because some of the detainees might decline to be tested. The Court notes that all but

20 14 detainees voluntarily submitted to Covid-19 testing over the past two weeks.

21

Valdez’s decision to block universal testing was objectively unreasonable and in

22 callous disregard of the constitutional right of every one of Adelanto’s detainees to

23 reasonable safety. The GEO Group had a plan and the means to conduct universal

24 testing. If the GEO Group were permitted to start, and continue on a regular cycle, its

25 plan for universal testing, perhaps the current outbreak would have not occurred. Of

26 this, the Court cannot be sure. But the failure to universally test – given the existence

27 of the current outbreak and the detainees’ current inability to socially distance – is but

28 one means of reasonable mitigation that was available to the Government but not

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1 implemented because of its callous disregard of its detainees’ constitutional right to

2 reasonable safety.

3

Indeed, District Judge Vince Chhabria of the Northern District of California, in

4 Rivas, et al. V. Jennings, et al., 20-CV-02731-VC, (N.D. Cal. August 6, 2020), ECF

5 500 at 2, recently ordered the Government to provide daily status reports and to conduct

6 weekly universal testing after the occurrence of a COVID-19 outbreak at the Mesa

7 Verde Immigration Detention Center, which is, also, operated by the GEO Group under

8 contract with the Bureau of Customs and Immigration Enforcement. In Rivas, Judge

9 Chhabria found that universal testing was not implemented, there, simply because the

10 Government “felt” that the testing was “not worth the trouble.” Judge Chhabria went

11 on to state that the Government lost credibility with him. Given the Government’s

12 conduct, here, and in the Northern District of California, a picture of widespread

13 callous disregard for the safety of immigration detainees is being painted.

14

At the time the Court issued its Preliminary injunction, it was evident that

15 Adelanto was so crowded that social distancing to combat the spread of COVID-19 was

16 impossible. The record established that detainees were housed so densely that they

17 could not socially distance while, inter alia, sleeping. In support of the Preliminary

18 injunction, the Court made, for example, the following finding regarding social

19 distancing in sleeping quarters:

20

53. The 4-person rooms each have two bunk beds set at 8 feet apart

21

from the center of one lower bunk to the center of the other lower

22

bunk. This does not allow for social distancing of 6 feet. The

23

Government did not indicate the width of the bunk beds. If the beds

24

are twin size, which are, typically, 38 inches wide, there is only 4

25

feet 10 inches between each bed, edge to edge. If the beds are only

26

30 inches wide, there would be only 5 feet 6 inches between each

27

bed, edge to edge. Moreover, the Government did not indicate the

28

distance between upper and lower bunks, the dimensions of each 4-

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1

person room, or the location of the toilet and sink in each room.

2

Indeed, Petitioner Roman declared that in a fully occupied 4-person

3

room, people are about 3 feet apart from each other.

4 Based on those findings, it was clear to the Court that only a single person can sleep in

5 a 4-person room to ensure a six-foot social distance at all times.

6

The record has not yet been supplemented with current information as to the

7 sleeping arrangements for all of the current detainees and all of Adelanto’s housing

8 units. However, in its supplemental papers, the Government informed the Court that

9 it continues to house 2 detainees in 4-person rooms.

10

In support of its position that detainees can, now, maintain a distance of six feet

11 from each other at all times, the Government provided pages 245 to 249 of Valdez’s

12 deposition. In those pages, Valdez stated that the number of detainees that could be

13 safely held at Adelanto while maintaining a six-foot social distance from each other at

14 all times is 1,052. Valdez, further, stated that he was the only person involved in

15 determining that capacity limit. In response to a question asking how he reached that

16 capacity limit, Valdez stated that he walked around the facility and imagined in his head

17 that every detainee had a sphere around their body that measured three feet in every

18 direction. Valdez did not measure any common room, did not measure any cell, did

19 not measure any bed, did not measure any table, did not measure any hallway, and did

20 not measure any other area. This evidence is further indication of Valdez’s callous

21 disregard for the reasonable safety of the civil detainees who have been placed in his

22 custody.

23

In its Memorandum Opinion, the Ninth Circuit noted that the Government did not

24 challenge, as being clearly erroneous, any of this Court’s factual findings made in

25 support of the Preliminary Injunction. Likewise, Valdez’s deposition testimony

26 regarding his imaginary spheres does not rise to the level of being a clearly erroneous

27 challenge to the Court’s earlier findings.

28

Also raised in the Petitioners’-Plaintiffs’ motion to enforce the CDC guidelines

Modified Preliminary Injunction – Page 7 of 15

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1 provision of the Preliminary Injunction were assertions that Adelanto is currently

2 spraying an allegedly noxious disinfectant, HDQ Neutral, several times each day in its

3 housing units, and in a manner inconsistent with the disinfectant’s instructions and

4 warnings on its label. For example, the safety data sheet issued by HDQ Neutral’s

5 manufacturer states that it should be used only outdoors or in a well ventilated area, and

6 warns that mist, vapors and spray should not be breathed, and that it is harmful if

7 inhaled. Several Adelanto detainees declared that when HDQ Neutral is sprayed in

8 their housing units it causes them to sneeze or cough blood, causes horrific headaches,

9 causes nose bleeds, and causes their eyes to burn. Those same assertions have been

10 made in other habeas cases filed with the Court by individual petitioners housed at

11 Adelanto, though the Court is not making any findings, here, based on the declarations

12 and assertions filed in other cases. Finally, Petitioners-Plaintiffs argued that because

13 COVID-19 is spread through respiratory droplets, coughing or sneezing caused by

14 exposure to HDQ Neutral increases their risk of COVID-19 exposure.

15

In its opposition to the motion, the Government stated that HDQ Neutral is an

16 EPA-registered disinfectant that fights COVID-19, and that “[t]he Court should ignore

17 the petitioner’s misleading scaremongering ... .” The Government, further, argued

18 that HDQ Neutral is used only in accordance with its label instructions – the disinfectant

19 is sprayed by detainees to surfaces that are allowed to remain wet with the product for

20 10 minutes and allowed to air dry, and that the detainees who spray HDQ Neutral are

21 provided with gloves to wear while spraying. Finally, the Government argued that the

22 toxic warning on HDQ Neutral’s safety data sheet is applicable only to the undiluted

23 version of the product, and that detainees at Adelanto spray only properly diluted HDQ

24 Neutral. The Court takes note of the fact that the Government did not challenge the

25 effects suffered the detainees.

26

The Court takes, further, note of the deposition excerpts provided by the

27 Government of the testimony provided by James Janecka, a GEO Group employee who

28 is, apparently, the person responsible for the use of HDQ Neutral. In his deposition,

Modified Preliminary Injunction – Page 8 of 15

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1 Janecka stated that he is not an engineer but “understood” that air in Adelanto’s housing

2 units is exchanged four times per hour, but he failed to indicate whether such air

3 exchange is sufficient to ensure the safe use of HDQ Neutral in Adelanto’s housing

4 units. Further, in response to a question as to why he believed that the precautionary

5 statements applicable to the use of the undiluted version of HDQ Neutral did not apply

6 to diluted HDQ Neutral, Janecka stated that “I haven’t scrolled down, but there should

7 be two other form [Safety Data] sheets for the user-diluted version that do not have

8 quite the hazard identifications.”

9

In their reply papers, the Petitioners-Plaintiffs provided a copy of the label from

10 a pre-diluted, ready-to-use solution of HDQ Neutral. On the label are “Precautionary

11 Statements,” which state as follows:

12

HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS

13

DANGER

14

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN. Corrosive. Causes

15

irreversible eye damage and skin burns. Harmful if swallowed,

16

inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Avoid breathing spray mist.

17

Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Wear goggles or face

18

shield, rubber gloves and protective clothing when handling. Wash

19

thoroughly with soap and water after handling and before eating,

20

drinking or using tobacco. Remove contaminated clothing and wash

21

clothing before reuse.

22

After receiving what appear to be valid complaints from detainees regarding the

23 toxicity and noxiousness of HDQ Neutral, the Government and its contractor, the GEO

24 Group, did absolutely nothing other than to continue the use of HDQ Neutral. After

25 receiving and reviewing the Petitioners-Plaintiffs’ motion to enforce the CDC guidelines

26 provision of the Preliminary Injunction, the Government did nothing towards stopping

27 the use of HDQ Neutral in Adelanto’s housing units. There is no evidence that the

28 Government, or the GEO Group, caused any sort of investigation to be initiated.

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1 Janecka did not even attempt to make the effort to simply “scroll down” to determine

2 whether the diluted version of HDQ Neutral had the same, or even similar, safety

3 warnings as the concentrated version. It is clear to the Court that the use of HDQ

4 Neutral in Adelanto’s housing units was with a callous disregard for the safety of

5 Adelanto’s detainees and in violation of the detainees’ constitutional right to reasonable

6 safety.

7

The Ninth Circuit reiterated that this Court “possesses broad equitable authority

8 to remedy likely constitutional violations.” Further, the Ninth Circuit instructed that

9 “[i]f the [D]istrict [C]ourt determines, based on current facts, that particular measures

10 are necessary to ensure that conditions at Adelanto do not put detainees at unreasonable

11 risk of serious illness and death, it may require such measures.” The Ninth Circuit,

12 also, stated that the District Court “should, to the extent possible, avoid imposing

13 provisions that micromanage the Government’s administration of conditions at

14 Adelanto.”

15

The Court finds that the use of HDQ Neutral in Adelanto’s housing units is

16 objectively unreasonable and in callous disregard for the reasonable safety of the civil

17 detainees who are housed there. Adelanto’s use of HDQ Neutral must stop,

18 immediately. By issuing such a mandate, the Court is not unreasonably micromanaging

19 the Government’s administration of conditions at Adelanto. See Spain v. Procunier,

20 600 F.2d 189, 196 (9th Cir. 1979). The Court is not telling the Government what

21 cleaning chemicals it must use or what type of staff it must employ to clean. Rather,

22 the Court is telling the Government that it must stop the use of a toxic and noxious

23 chemical that is harming Adelanto’s detainees and violating their detainees’

24 constitutional right to reasonable safety. The Government does not have an unfettered

25 right to manage and operate, free of any judicial oversight, a civil detention facility in

26 a way that violates the constitutional rights of its detainees, especially where the

27 constitutional violations affect the health and safety of individuals in the Government’s

28 care.

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1

The Government’s current response to the COVID-19 – both as to the current

2 outbreak and to the continuing threat the coronavirus poses to the detainees – at

3 Adelanto remains inadequate and objectively unreasonable. As such, the class

4 members’ constitutional right to be housed in reasonable safety while in civil detention

5 continues to be violated. Therefore, the class members remain entitled to preliminary

6 injunctive relief.

7

To ease compliance and enforcement, the Court will limit the provisions of this

8 Modified Preliminary Injunction to significantly fewer provisions than what it ordered

9 in the Preliminary Injunction.

10

Finally, because the science regarding the coronavirus and COVID-19 is

11 continuously evolving, as are the conditions at Adelanto, the Count will entertain

12 motions by any party to further modify this Modified Preliminary Injunction as the

13 science or conditions evolve.

14

15

Accordingly,

16

17

It is Ordered that, pending a final resolution of this case or further order of the

18 Court:

19

20 1. The Government shall file by Noon on October 5, 2020, its Adelanto detainee

21

population reduction plan, which shall include a recommendation as to the

22

maximum number of detainees that can be safely housed at Adelanto during the

23

COVID-19 pandemic such that the detainees will be able to maintain 6 feet of

24

social distance at all times and all places from each other. The plan shall be

25

supported by facts and not imaginary spheres or imprecise estimates. The plan

26

shall include dimensions of all common areas and sleeping rooms/cells, and

27

specific details as to how detainees will be able to sleep, eat, shower, and go

28

about other daily activities while maintaining 6 feet of social distance at all times

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1 2 3 4 5
6 2.
7 8 9 10 11 12
13 3.
14 15 16
17 4.
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

and all places from each other. Petitioners-Plaintiffs shall file by October 9, 2020, their response, if any, to the Government’s proposed plan. After reviewing the Government’s proposed plan and the response filed by PetitionersPlaintiffs, the Court will issue a further order.
Adelanto shall not accept any new or transfer detainees into its facility pending further order of the Court. The Court will permit Adelanto to, again, accept new or transfer detainees only after it has sufficiently reduced its detainee population to such a level that would allow the remaining detainees to maintain a social distance of 6 feet from each other at all times and at all places, including while sleeping, eating, showering, and going about other daily activities.
Now that Adelanto has an Abbott ID NOW rapid COVID-19 testing system, starting October 5, 2020, the Government shall test all Adelanto detainees, who agree to be tested, for COVID-19 on a weekly basis.
The Government shall file, under seal, by October 5, 2020, a complete census of all Adelanto detainees. The census shall contain, at a minimum, each class member’s: A. Registration number; B. Name; C. Gender; D. Age; E. Most recent COVID-19 test date and result; F. Housing unit and room assignment, if applicable; G. Criminal history; H. Known medical conditions; I. Membership in a Fraihat subclass;

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 5.
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 6.
21 22
23 7.
24 25
26 8.
27 28

J. Location and detention status, specifically whether the class member remains detained at Adelanto, has been or will be released, transferred or deported; if the class member has been transferred, then the transfer location shall be stated;
K. Immigration status; L. Immigration Court history and orders; and M. Whether the person has any appeals pending before the Board of
Immigration Appeals or the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, and the status of those appeals.
Starting on October 12, 2020, and every Monday thereafter until further order of the Court, the Government shall file, by Noon, a complete and updated census of all current Adelanto detainees with the above requested information. The Court notes that the Government has been filing weekly census spreadsheets that were incomplete. Henceforth, all weekly census spreadsheets shall include all detainees at Adelanto, and not just those detainees who are new to Adelanto. The weekly census spreadsheets shall, also, note any detainees who have been released, deported or transferred since the prior census.
The Government shall immediately stop using HDQ Neutral in all housing units and other indoor spaces at Adelanto that are occupied or used by detainees.
All Adelanto staff shall endeavor to keep a 6 foot social distance from each other and from detainees.
All Adelanto staff shall wear masks while in housing units and whenever interacting with other staff and/or detainees. Staff in single occupant offices with solid walls and a closed door do not need to wear a mask while in such office.

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1 9.
2 3 4 5
6 10.
7 8 9 10 11 12
13 11.
14 15 16 17
18 12.
19 20 21 22 23
24 13.
25 26 27
28 14.

All judges, attorneys, staff and visitors at the Immigration Court attached to Adelanto, unless in a single occupant office with solid walls and a closed door, shall wear masks at all times and shall endeavor to maintain a social distance of six feet from all detainees whenever possible.
All Adelanto detainees, shall be ordered by the Government to maintain, to the extent possible given the current number of detainees, a social distance of 6 feet from other detainees at all times. When the Adelanto detainee population reaches the target population level that will be established by the Court by separate order, all Adelanto detainees shall be ordered by the Government to maintain a 6 foot social distance from each other at all times and at all places.
All Adelanto detainees shall wear masks, provided by the Government at no expense to the detainees, at all times except while sleeping, eating, drinking or showering. If a detainee is the sole occupant of a cell with solid walls and a solid door, s/he need not wear a mask while in that cell with the door closed.
The Government shall provide to Adelanto’s detainees, at no cost to the detainees, sufficient and appropriate cleaning supplies. If a detainee is unable to clean and disinfect any exclusive use areas or items because of age, a medical or mental health issue, or other infirmity, the Government shall have those areas and/or items cleaned and disinfected on a regular basis.
Adelanto shall provide all detainees, at no expense to the detainees, with sufficient quantities of hand soap, paper towels, and hand sanitizer so that the detainees never run out of those supplies.
The Government shall create and implement any and all rules at Adelanto

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1

necessary to comply with this Modified Preliminary Injunction.

2
3 15.
4

All class members released by the Court pursuant to a Temporary Restraining Order issued in this case or in a separately and previously filed case, or by a Bail

5

Order, shall remain released and subject to the terms and conditions of release

6

as set forth in each respective Temporary Restraining Order or Bail Order.

7

8 16.
9 10

Class counsel shall, with the cooperation of the Government, provide the best notice possible regarding the issuance of this Modified Preliminary Injunction to class members, and their separate counsel, for those class members who may

11

have separate counsel.

12

13

It is further Ordered that no bond shall be required for this Modified

14 Preliminary Injunction.

15

16

It is further Ordered that the Government’s request for a stay pending appeal

17 of this Modified Preliminary Injunction be, and hereby is, Denied.

18

19 Date: September 29, 2020

20

__________________________________

21

Terry J. Hatter, Jr.

22

Senior United States District Judge

23

24

25

26

27

28

Modified Preliminary Injunction – Page 15 of 15

 
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1

Pursuant to the parties’ stipulation and for good cause show, this Court

2 hereby enters the following modifications to the modified preliminary injunction

3 (ECF No. 596):

4

1. The weekly testing required at page 12, paragraph 3 of the modified

5

preliminary injunction shall continue on a weekly basis for four weeks,

6

through October 26, 2020. The parties shall meet and confer and submit a

7

proposal to the Court regarding the need, if any, for additional testing

8

beyond that four-week period.

9

2. The census required at page 12-13, paragraph 4 of the modified

10

preliminary injunction need not identify all known medical conditions of

11

class members, but only the following medical conditions, which are

12

recognized by the CDC as being associated with an increased risk of

13

severe illness from COVID-19 and/or covered by the Fraihat subclasses:

14

obesity; serious heart conditions (including heart failure, coronary artery

15

disease, or cardiomyopathies); sickle cell disease; cerebrovascular

16

disease; cystic fibrosis; immunocompromised state from blood or bone

17

marrow transplant, immune deficiencies, use of corticosteroids, or use of

18

other immune weakening medications; neurologic conditions, such as

19

dementia; smoking; and thalassemia; being over 55; pregnancy;

20

cardiovascular disease (congestive heart failure, history of myocardial

21

infarction, history of cardiac surgery); high blood pressure; chronic

22

respiratory disease; diabetes; cancer; liver disease; kidney disease;

23

autoimmune diseases; severe psychiatric illness; history of

24

transplantation; and HIV/AIDS.

25

3. Page 13, paragraph 7 of the modified preliminary injunction is hereby

26

modified to provide that “all Adelanto staff shall endeavor to keep a 6

27

foot social distance from each other and from detainees except where

28

closer contact is essential to performing a job-related function.”

1

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 630 Filed 10/02/20 Page 3 of 3 Page ID #:14623

1

4. Page 13, paragraph 8 of the modified preliminary injunction is hereby

2

modified to provide that that staff do not need to wear masks at Adelanto

3

when eating, sleeping, or for medical reasons provided that staff shall

4

endeavor to keep a 6 foot social distance from each other and from

5

detainees while eating, sleeping, or attending to medical needs, unless

6

closer contact is essential to performing a job-related function

7

8 Dated: October 2, 2020 9

HONORABLE TERRY J. HATTER, JR. United States District Judge

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 Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 686 Filed 10/15/20 Page 1 of 15 Page ID #:16818

1

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5

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7

8

9

United States District Court

10

Central District of California

11

Western Division

12

13 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, et al.,

ED CV 20-00768 TJH

14

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

15

v.

16 CHAD T. WOLF, et al.,

17

Respondents-Defendants.

Adelanto Population Reduction
Order

18

19

The Modified Preliminary Injunction, issued on September 29, 2020, ordered the

20 Government to file a proposed population reduction plan for the Adelanto Immigration

21 and Customs Enforcement Processing Center [“Adelanto”] to identify the target

22 maximum detainee capacity of Adelanto during the COVID-19 pandemic such that all

23 remaining detainees would be able to maintain 6 feet of social distance at all times and

24 all places from each other. The Modified Preliminary Injunction, also, provided the

25 Petitioners-Plaintiffs with an opportunity to file a responsive brief. Thereafter, the

26 Court granted the Government’s request for leave to file a reply brief.

27

The Court has considered the parties’ briefs and the attachments to those briefs,

28 with a combined total of 595 pages.

Adelanto Population Reduction Order – Page 1 of 15

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1 Lack of Candor, Dishonesty, and the Court’s Need for Accurate and Timely Information

2

The Court has been concerned for some time with the lack of candor exhibited

3 by the Government and its counsel in this case. Counsel for Petitioners-Plaintiffs have,

4 also, raised similar concerns. Until now, the Court has given the Government and its

5 counsel the benefit of the doubt. Now, the Court is concerned with straight up

6 dishonesty on the part of the Government’s counsel.

7

It is rare that a Court is presented with direct evidence of dishonesty. Usually,

8 the Court needs to evaluate aspects of veracity to reach an inference of dishonesty.

9 However, the Government provided the Court with a blaring example of its dishonesty.

10 On October 9, 2020, the Government filed an ex parte application for leave to file a 4

11 page reply brief. Hans Chen, a trial attorney with the Office of Immigration Litigation,

12 filed a declaration in connection with that ex parte application. In his declaration, Chen

13 stated that he emailed Class Counsel Ahilan Arulanantham to seek his consent for the

14 Government to file a reply brief. Chen, further, declared that Arulanantham replied

15 back by email and stated that "petitioners take no position on respondents' motion for

16 leave to file a reply and have no objection to a reply filed on October 13, but would

17 object to any reply that exceeds four pages." While the ex parte application did not

18 specify a page limit, Chen’s proposed order did specify a 4 page limit. The Court

19 executed the Government’s proposed order. Then, on page 1 of its reply brief, entitled

20 Reply in Support of Brief Regarding Maximum Allowable Population for Social

21 Distancing, filed on October 13, 2020, the Government argued that "the Court has

22 limited respondents to a reply of four pages… .”

23

The length of a brief would, normally, be a minor issue. However, here, it has

24 become the straw that broke the Court’s back.

25

The Court has started to re-assess the information the Government has provided

26 it in this case, as well as the arguments the Government has made. The Court is

27 concerned that the facts and arguments that it previously perceived to be merely

28 inaccurate or ambiguous might have been, actually, dishonest or, at best, disingenuous.

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1 Though the Court is not making specific factual findings at this juncture, it does not

2 take its concerns lightly.

3

Further, the Government’s arguments in its Reply in Support of Brief Regarding

4 Maximum Allowable Population for Social Distancing was alarming to the Court.

5 Specifically, the Court is troubled with the Government’s tacit acknowledgment that the

6 housing information it provided to the Court and Class Counsel was not necessarily

7 accurate.

8

Moreover, the Government has failed, and continues to fail, to provide timely

9 information to the Court. Namely, the Government was ordered to file, starting on

10 October 13, 2020, a Daily Housing and COVID-19 Status Report by 2:00 p.m. The

11 Government has yet to comply. The first daily status report was filed more than 7

12 hours late on October 13, 2020. The second daily status report was filed almost 2 hours

13 late on October 14, 2020. The Government did not seek leave to file either daily status

14 report late. Nor did the Government even attempt to explain why the first two daily

15 status reports were filed late. The Court expects the ordered reports to be filed on time,

16 unless the Government seeks, and the Court grants, leave before each day’s filing

17 deadline.

18

This case involves human lives whose reasonable safety is entitled to be enforced

19 and protected by the Court pursuant to the United States Constitution.

20

Accordingly, the Court is contemplating the appointment of a Special Master, to

21 be paid by the Government, to ensure that the information the Court receives in this

22 case is both accurate and timely. The Clerk of Court will send out a separate notice of

23 a status conference where the Court will discuss the possible appointment of a Special

24 Master.

25

26 Exhibits and Attachments

27

As another preliminary matter, the Court urges all counsel to attach to their

28 briefs, or at least reference in their briefs, all relevant evidence that they want the Court

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1 to consider in connection with those briefs, regardless of whether the evidence was

2 previously filed in this case. See Local Rules 7-5(b), 7-6 and 7-9. If counsel fails to

3 comply with the Local Rules, they will proceed at their own peril.

4

By way of example, on September 25, 2020, the Government filed a brief,

5 entitled Respondents-Defendants’ Response to Ex Parte Application for Reconsideration

6 of Order Denying Petitioners-plaintiffs’ Motion for Further Temporary Restraining

7 Order and Reconsideration and Response to Supplemental Briefing. Attached to that

8 brief were, inter alia, an 11 page declaration from Gabriel Valdez and 7 substantive

9 pages excerpted from Valdez’s 315 page deposition. In its brief, entitled Brief

10 Regarding Maximum Allowable Population for Social Distancing, filed on October 5,

11 2020, the Government took issue with the fact that the Court, in its Modified

12 Preliminary Injunction, did not take into account the Adelanto measurements Valdez

13 referenced in his separate declaration filed on May 20, 2020, as an attachment to the

14 Government’s Answer to the Writ of Habeas Corpus.

15

The Court will put aside, for the moment, that Valdez did not determine the

16 measurements himself, but, rather, the measurements were “transmitted” to him via

17 an unauthenticated email, apparently, from Adelanto’s warden, James Janecka.

18 Moreover, the transmitted dimensions lacked a proper foundation. The transmitted

19 dimensions were not accompanied by a declaration laying a proper foundation. Further,

20 no foundation was established as to who actually measured the various areas or when

21 those measurements were taken. Indeed, there was no basis for the Court to accept

22 those dimensions as being accurate. Further, the Government made no effort to

23 establish that the dimensions were not inadmissible hearsay.

24

The Court is puzzled as to why the Government merely attached the dimensions

25 and its transmittal email to its Brief Regarding Maximum Allowable Population for

26 Social Distancing, without an accompanying declaration which establishes authentication

27 and an adequate foundation. Indeed, the Government failed to authenticate any of its

28 attachments to that brief. However, the Government did provide a declaration

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1 authenticating the attachments to its Reply in Support of Brief Regarding Maximum

2 Allowable Population for Social Distancing.

3

Just as the Court admonished Class Counsel in connection with the bail

4 applications, the Court, now admonishes the Government’s counsel that the Court will

5 not consider evidence for motions, or during trial, that, inter alia, lacks authentication,

6 lacks a sufficient foundation, or is otherwise inadmissible.

7

In drafting the Modified Preliminary Injunction, the Court did not consider the

8 Adelanto measurements Valdez set forth in his May 20, 2020, declaration because those

9 measurements were not referenced in the Government’s October 5, 2020, brief, nor was

10 that declaration attached to its October 5, 2020, brief.

11

While this case was filed only six months ago, its docket, currently, has more

12 than 685 entries, with some entries containing over 350 pages and as many as 26

13 attachments. Between May 20, 2020, and the date the Modified Preliminary Injunction

14 was filed, over 500 documents were filed in this case. “Judges are not like pigs,

15 hunting for truffles buried in briefs, much less buried in disorganized, scattershot

16 evidentiary submissions.” Faulkner v. Wausau Bus. Ins. Co., 571 F. App’x. 566, 569

17 (9th Cir. 2014).

18

19 Proposed Adelanto Population Reduction Plan

20

The Government informed the Court that, as of October 5, 2020, Adelanto’s

21 detainee population is 772. Adelanto’s detainee population has fluctuated up and down

22 over the course of this litigation due to a combination of releases, transfers, and new

23 intakes. Adelanto is, currently, barred, by the Modified Preliminary Injunction, from

24 receiving any additional detainees.

25

In its brief, the Government proposed two targets for the maximum detainee

26 capacity of Adelanto during the COVID-19 pandemic – a proposed target and an

27 alternative proposed target. The Government specifically acknowledged that its first

28 proposed target strictly follows the Court’s directive. By inference, then, the alternative

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1 proposed target does not strictly follow the Court’s directive.

2

As a point of clarification for the benefit of the Government and its counsel, this

3 Court always expects the parties, and their counsel, appearing before it to strictly follow

4 all of its orders and directives until such orders and directives are either vacated by this

5 Court or reversed on appeal.

6

Based on its initial brief, it appears to the Court that the Government wants the

7 Court to engage in a modified version of what is commonly referred to as “Baseball

8 Arbitration,” where a tribunal is limited to deciding between a high number, usually

9 proposed by the Players, and a low number, usually proposed by the League. Except,

10 here, the Government has proposed both the high number and the low number. Given

11 that Petitioners-Plaintiffs concur with the low number, and that we are approaching the

12 Fall Classic, the Court is game to consider only the two maximum capacity targets

13 pitched by the Government.

14

The Government’s first proposed maximum capacity target is 475 detainees.

15 With a maximum population of 475 detainees, the Government argued that all of

16 Adelanto’s detainees would be able to maintain 6 feet of social distance at all times and

17 at all places from each other. The Petitioners-Plaintiffs agree with, and support, the

18 Government’s assessment based on this maximum capacity target of 475.

19

The Government’s alternative proposed maximum capacity target is 1,052

20 detainees. With a maximum population target of 1,052 detainees, the Government

21 argued that all of Adelanto’s detainees would be able to maintain 6 feet of social

22 distance at all times and at all places from each other “with the exception of the fleeting

23 moments.” The “fleeting moments,” according to the Government, are those times

24 “when one detainee must pass by a detainee lying in bed.” Because Adelanto’s current

25 detainee population of 772 is less than the alternative target of 1,052, the Government

26 argued that no additional detainees would need to be released if the Court were to

27 accept the Government’s alternative maximum capacity target.

28

The Government reached its alternative maximum capacity target by relying on:

Adelanto Population Reduction Order – Page 6 of 15

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1 (1) The July 22, 2020, updated version of the United States Centers for Disease Control

2 and Prevention’s [“the CDC”] “Interim Guidance on Management of Coronavirus

3 Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Correctional and Detention Facilities” and (2) The interim

4 guidance issued on March 15, 2020, by the World Health Organization’s [“the WHO”]

5 Regional Office for Europe, entitled “Preparedness, prevention and control of COVID-

6 19 in prisons and other places of detention.” The Government relies heavily on the

7 WHO’s guidance that detainees need only 1 meter – or approximately 39 inches – of

8 social distancing space.

9

As the parties know, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the outbreak at Adelanto,

10 have been dynamic and constantly evolving. Likewise, the state of the science

11 surrounding the novel coronavirus and the resulting COVID-19 disease has been

12 dynamic and constantly evolving. Accordingly, the Court is concerned that the

13 Government is relying on guidance, particularly for its alternative maximum capacity

14 target of 1,052, from the CDC and the WHO that could be as much as three and seven

15 months, respectively, out of sync with the most current science. The current state of

16 the science of COVID-19 is that it is primarily transmitted by large airborne droplets,

17 and that it can, also, be transmitted by small aerosolized droplets.

18

After considering the Government’s reliance on the WHO guidelines, the Court,

19 is compelled to take judicial notice of the United States Department of State’s

20 September 3, 2020, press release entitled, “Update on U.S. Withdrawal from the World

21 Health Organization.” See Fed. R. Evid. 201. In that press release, the State

22 Department relayed the United States’ decision to withdraw from the WHO because,

23 inter alia, it determined that the WHO was not a credible organization. Yet, here, the

24 Department of Justice is arguing that the Court should accept the WHO’s guidelines as

25 credible. The Government’s reliance on the WHO, therefore, is disingenuous.

26

Next, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals instructed this Court, specifically, to

27 not rely on the CDC’s guidelines in connection with a preliminary injunction in this

28 case. Roman v. Wolf, __ Fed. Appx. __, 2020 WL 5683233, *6 (9th Cir. 2020). The

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1 Circuit concluded, after reviewing the Court’s original preliminary injunction provision

2 requiring the Government to comply with CDC guidelines, that the CDC’s guidelines’

3 “lack of specificity makes it a poor guidepost for mandatory injunctive relief.” Roman

4 (citations omitted).

5

Given the current COVID-19 outbreak at Adelanto with its current detainee

6 population of 772, the Court finds that the maximum capacity target that would ensure

7 each detainee’s constitutional right to reasonable safety must be a number that is less

8 than – not more than – 772 detainees. Indeed, the current population level at Adelanto

9 continues to pose an unreasonable risk to each detainee’s safety.

10

The current outbreak at Adelanto, further, belies the Government’s creation and

11 advancement of a “fleeting moments exception.” This is especially true given that the

12 Government asserted that it cannot adequately enforce – with either encouragement or

13 punishment – the provisions of the Modified Preliminary Injunction that require all

14 detainees to wear masks – except while sleeping, eating, drinking, showering or when

15 they are the sole occupant of a cell with a solid door that is closed – and to maintain a

16 6 foot social distance at all places and at all times between each other. However, the

17 Court has been presented with specific evidence that Adelanto’s staff regularly does not

18 even attempt to encourage mask wearing or social distancing among the detainees by,

19 simply, explaining the benefits and encouraging compliance. Moreover, given that

20 there are an unknown number of Adelanto staff and detainees who continue to not wear

21 masks, it would not be reasonably safe for the other detainees if the mandatory social

22 distance were reduced to 39 inches or if the Court were to permit a maximum

23 population target based on the intentional disregard of those close contacts that the

24 Government has labeled as “fleeting moments.”

25

Finally, the Court is concerned that: (1) Adelanto staff is not adequately

26 educating the class members about the transmission risks of COVID-19 and the disease-

27 containment benefits of wearing masks and maintaining a social distance; (2) Adelanto’s

28 staff are not all wearing masks when in housing units, as ordered by the Modified

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1 Preliminary Injunction; and (3) Adelanto is not sufficiently isolating or quarantining

2 detainees who are symptomatic of COVID-19, suspected of having COVID-19, or have

3 been confirmed positive for COVID-19.

4

Accordingly, the Court rejects the Government’s alternative proposed maximum

5 capacity target of 1,052 detainees, and accepts the Government’s first proposed

6 maximum capacity target of 475 detainees.

7

In accordance with the Government’s space calculations, each four-person cell

8 at Adelanto shall house no more than one person and each eight-person cell at Adelanto

9 shall house no more than two people. Housing assignments in open dormitories shall

10 be in accordance with the Modified Preliminary Injunction’s mandate that all detainees

11 shall maintain 6 feet of social distance at all times and at all places from each other,

12 which requires that no detainee shall be assigned to a bed that is less than 8 feet from

13 another assigned bed to ensure a 6 foot social distance as detainees get in and out of bed

14 and walk to and from their bed. Class members are entitled to sufficient space so that

15 they can stand, stretch, walk around, go to the shower, use the toilet and wash their

16 laundry in their cell’s sink if they are assigned to a cell. The Court accepts the

17 representation of all parties that social distancing in the common areas will be achieved

18 based on socially-distanced sleeping assignments.

19

In its brief, the Government stated that it could safely reduce Adelanto’s detainee

20 population by 50 detainees per day. The Court accepts that number as reasonable.

21

22 Adelanto Population Reduction Order

23

Starting on October 19, 2020, the Government shall forthwith reduce the detainee

24 population of Adelanto by at least 50 detainees each day by either releasing or deporting

25 Adelanto detainees until the detainee population is at or below 475.

26

The Government may impose reasonable conditions of release, including GPS

27 monitoring, on any class member selected for release.

28

The Government may deport any class member who has final deportation orders,

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1 has exhausted all appeals, and is otherwise deportable.

2

The Government shall not transfer detainees for the sole purpose of complying

3 with this Adelanto Population Reduction Order. Given the current state of the COVID-

4 19 pandemic in communities, penal institutions, and immigration detention centers

5 across the country, it would not be reasonable or practical for the Court to monitor, at

6 this juncture, transferee facilities to ensure compliance with class members’

7 constitutional rights. Moreover, a class member’s transfer to another detention facility

8 could endanger the detainees at the transferee facility if the class member is contagious.

9 Nevertheless, if any class member is transferred to another facility for a reason other

10 than to comply with this Adelanto Population Reduction Order, the Court shall retain

11 jurisdiction over that class member to ensure that his/her right to reasonable safety

12 remains protected.

13

In determining which Adelanto detainees to release or deport, the Government

14 shall proceed in the following order until the maximum capacity target of 475 detainees,

15 or fewer, is reached:

16

1. All Fraihat subclass members who are not subject to a mandatory

17

detention order, as set forth in Judge Jesus Bernal’s order, granting in part

18

and denying in part, Plaintiffs’ Motion to Enforce the April 20, 2020,

19

Preliminary Injunction in Fraihat v. ICE, CV 19-01546 JGB, ECF No.

20

240 (Oct. 7, 2020);

21

2. All detainees who are over the age of 55 years old or have one or more

22

pre-existing conditions recognized by the CDC as putting them at high risk

23

for COVID-19 complications but are not Fraihat subclass members and

24

who are not subject to a mandatory detention order, do not have any

25

outstanding arrest warrants, and do not have any pending felony criminal

26

charges;

27

3. All detainees who do not have any felony criminal convictions, do not

28

have any outstanding arrest warrants and do not have any pending felony

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1

criminal charges; then

2

4. All detainees who do not have any outstanding arrest warrants and do not

3

have any pending felony criminal charges.

4

The Government shall not release any detainee whose most recent COVID-19 test

5 was positive, who is suspected of being COVID-19 positive, or is in isolation or

6 quarantine housing, until that detainee tests negative on a subsequent test and is

7 symptom free. Further, if a detainee is symptomatic of COVID-19 but tests negative,

8 that detainee shall not be released until obtaining a second negative test. All subsequent

9 COVID-19 tests shall be administered within a 7 day period.

10

Moreover, the Government shall not exclude any detainee from being released

11 because that detainee previously contracted, and has since recovered from, COVID-19.

12 The Court is unaware of any scientific evidence that supports a conclusion that people

13 who have recovered from COVID-19 have absolute immunity to a re-infection. If the

14 Government, indeed, has scientific evidence in support of COVID-19 immunity, it

15 should provide that evidence to the Court for its consideration.

16

The Court will consider individualized requests by the Government to exclude

17 particular class members from the above release sequence. If the Government desires

18 to keep a class member detained, the parties shall follow the Court’s procedures for bail

19 applications. Namely, each release exclusion application shall be filed as a “joint

20 stipulation” following the general format set forth in Local Rules 37-2.1 and 37-2.2 for

21 discovery stipulations, but subject to the specific rules set forth in this order. The

22 position papers of both the Government and Class Counsel, along with any relevant

23 declarations and exhibits, shall be compiled into a single document for each class

24 member as follows:

25

1. Each exclusion bail application shall be for a single class member, and

26

shall be filed as a separate docket number.

27

2. The Government shall transmit to Class Counsel, via email, its briefs in

28

support of each exclusion application, along with all of its declarations and

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1

exhibits to be offered in support of each respective application.

2

3. After the Government has transmitted its portion of each exclusion

3

application, the parties shall meet and confer to endeavor to reach an

4

agreement as to whether the class member should be excluded from

5

release. If an agreement is reached, the application shall be captioned as

6

an Unopposed Exclusion Application and filed with the Court.

7

4. If an agreement is not reached, Class Counsel shall have up to 5 business

8

days, from the receipt of each exclusion application, to transmit back to

9

the Government, via email, their opposition brief, along with all of their

10

declarations and exhibits, for each exclusion application.

11

5. The Government shall, then, draft a reply brief, if any, in response to each

12

opposition brief within 2 business days of receiving each opposition brief.

13

6. Each bail application shall be filed within 2 business days of the

14

Government’s receipt of each opposition brief.

15

7. The Government’s opening briefs and Class Counsel’s opposition briefs

16

shall not exceed 5 pages each. The Government’s reply briefs shall not

17

exceed 2 pages each. The Court will grant exceptions to these page limits

18

only for extraordinary circumstances.

19

8. If the Court determines that additional briefing is necessary, it will issue

20

an order requesting such briefing.

21

Based on the number of release exclusion applications the Government files, the

22 Court may order the Government to file a daily summary spreadsheet. However, at this

23 time, a daily spreadsheet need not be filed.

24

This Population Reduction Order does not prevent any class member from

25 seeking bail pursuant to the bail application process previously ordered by the Court.

26 This Population Reduction Order is a supplement to the Modified Preliminary

27 Injunction. As recognized by the Ninth Circuit in its order dismissing the

28 Government’s appeal of the bail application process order, the relief provided by the

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1 class-wide preliminary injunction is different from the individualized relief granted by

2 way of the bail orders. See Roman v. Wolf, __ F. App'x ___, 2020 WL 6043833, *1

3 (9th Cir. 2020). However, to reserve resources, the Court urges Class Counsel to not

4 seek bail for any class member likely to be released or deported pursuant to this

5 Population Reduction Order.

6

The Government shall not arrest or re-detain any released class member without

7 first obtaining a prior order from this Court.

8

Adelanto shall continue to not accept new or transfer detainees, pending further

9 order of the Court.

10

The Government’s Daily Housing and COVID-19 Status Report, as required by

11 the Court’s order of October 9, 2020, shall, also, include a daily count of Adelanto’s

12 total detainee population and a status report of the number of class members released

13 or deported pursuant to this Adelanto Population Reduction Order.

14

15 Isolation, Quarantine, and Testing

16

In their brief, Petitioners-Plaintiffs raised concerns regarding Adelanto’s isolation

17 and quarantine protocols, as well as Adelanto’s use of rapid COVID-19 testing, such

18 as the Abbott ID Now, versus the use of laboratory-based polymerase chain reaction

19 [“PCR”] testing.

20

As to the isolation and quarantine of class members, Adelanto shall house all

21 detainees who are confirmed COVID-19 positive in housing units containing only

22 detainees who have, also, been confirmed COVID-19 positive. Detainees who are

23 suspected of being COVID-19 positive, but have not received a positive test result, shall

24 be isolated from all other detainees; they shall not be housed in a housing unit

25 containing any detainees who have been confirmed positive or confirmed negative for

26 COVID-19. If space permits, Adelanto shall isolate, in single occupancy cells, all

27 detainees who have tested positive for COVID-19, and all detainees who are suspected

28 to be positive for COVID-19 and are awaiting test results. Detainees who are not

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1 suspected of being COVID-19 positive or who have tested negative for COVID-19 shall

2 not be housed in a housing unit with any detainees who are, or suspected to be, positive

3 for COVID-19. Either party may file a motion regarding Adelanto’s isolation practices,

4 and the Court shall consider such a motion on an expedited basis.

5

Petitioners-Plaintiffs take issue with Adelanto’s heavy use of PCR testing rather

6 than rapid COVID-19 testing, despite the fact that Adelanto now possesses an Abbott

7 ID Now rapid test machine. The rapid tests provide less accurate but more timely

8 results, in as few as 15 minutes, whereas the laboratory-based PCR tests provide more

9 accurate results but take significantly more time to obtain those results, up to 3 to 5

10 days.

11

However, it is clear to the Court that rapid and PCR tests each have their own

12 sets of benefits and detriments. And the Court understands the benefits of faster, but

13 less accurate, testing during an active outbreak.

14

Accordingly, the Court will allow Adelanto’s medical staff to weigh the benefits

15 and detriments of each type of testing in relation to the goals of the saturation testing

16 currently being conducted at Adelanto, and to choose the method of testing that the

17 medical staff deems to be the most appropriate and beneficial for the situation.

18 Nevertheless, the Court encourages the Government to conduct frequent testing of both

19 staff and detainees at Adelanto. Indeed, the most current order of the Court – issued

20 pursuant to a stipulation of the parties – requires weekly saturation COVID-19 testing

21 for a period of 4 weeks followed by a re-assessment of the need for further saturation

22 testing. If the testing protocols have been selected by Adelanto’s detention staff, as

23 opposed to its medical staff, the Court will expect to hear from the Petitioners-Plaintiffs

24 and/or the Government very quickly.

25

26 Enforcement of the Modified Preliminary Injunction and Other Court Orders

27

Respondents shall, by October 19, 2020, provide to all Government employees,

28 agents and contractors, including all employees, agents, and contractors of the GEO

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1 Group, who staff, manage, or are otherwise responsible for Adelanto, a printed copy

2 of the Modified Preliminary Injunction along with a separate written notice that failure

3 to comply with the Modified Preliminary Injunction, including, but not limited to, the

4 mask wearing provision, will subject the violator, and his or her superiors, to being

5 held in contempt of this Court, which could result in the imposition of monetary fines

6 and/or incarceration.

7

While the Court agrees with the parties that it is difficult to enforce the provision

8 of the Modified Preliminary Injunction that requires detainees to wear masks, the Court

9 can, and will, enforce the Modified Preliminary Injunction’s staff mask mandate,

10 especially given that the current COVID-19 outbreak was most likely caused by a staff

11 member who – hopefully, unknowingly – reported to work while infected with COVID-

12 19.

13

Similarly, if the Government, or an employee, agent, contractor or

14 representative, provides false, or inaccurate information in any report to the Court, the

15 Court will consider contempt proceedings. Therefore, the Court urges the Government

16 to confirm and verify the accuracy of all information it reports to the Court.

17

18 IT IS SO ORDERED.

19

20 Date: October 15, 2020

21

__________________________________

22

Terry J. Hatter, Jr.

23

Senior United States District Judge

24

25

26

27

28

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1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

United States District Court

10

Central District of California

11

Western Division

12

13 KELVIN HERNANDEZ ROMAN, et al.,

ED CV 20-00768 TJH

14

Petitioners-Plaintiffs,

15

v.

Order Appointing

16 CHAD T. WOLF, et al.,

Special Master

17

Respondents-Defendants.

18

19

The Court has considered, sua sponte, the appointment of a Special Master.

20

The COVID-19 outbreak at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement

21 Processing Center [“Adelanto”] has been a dynamic and constantly evolving situation

22 since it began in early September. Nevertheless, the Court has had growing concerns

23 regarding the Government’s inability to provide the Court with timely and accurate

24 information.

25

On October 15, 2020, in its Adelanto Population Reduction Order, the Court

26 gave notice to the parties that it was contemplating the appointment of a Special Master.

27 On October 19,20202, the Court held a telephonic status conference and hearing

28 regarding the appointment of a Special Master.

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1

Fed. R. Civ. P. 53(b) provides for the appointment of a Special Master in those

2 matters where "some exceptional condition requires it." The Court is mindful of the

3 admonition in La Buy v. Howes Leather Co., 352 U.S. 249, 259 (1957), that Special

4 Masters are to be used sparingly and only where the use of the Court's time is not

5 justified. Numerous cases have approved the appointment of Special Masters where a

6 party failed to comply with court orders, displayed intransigence or required close

7 supervision. See Hook v. State of Ariz., 120 F.3d 921, 926 (9th Cir. 1997); United

8 States v. Suquamish Indian Tribe, 901 F.2d 772, 774 (9th Cir.1990); Ruiz v. Estelle,

9 679 F.2d 1115, 1159-63 (5th Cir.), modified on other grounds, 688 F.2d 266 (5th Cir.

10 1982), cert. denied, 460 U.S. 1042 (1983); Gary W. v. Louisiana, 601 F.2d 240,

11 244-45 (5th Cir. 1979).

12

The conduct of the Government, in this case, and its inability to provide the

13 Court with the timely and accurate information that the Court requires in this case

14 presents a clear example of an exceptional circumstance, contemplated by Rule 53, that

15 justifies the appointment of a Special Master. See Suquamish Indian Tribe, 901 F.2d

16 at 774.

17

18

Accordingly,

19

20

It is Ordered that Chief Magistrate Judge Patrick Walsh (retired) be, and

21 hereby is, Appointed as the Special Master in this case. Judge Walsh’s address is

22 Signature Resolution, 633 West Fifth Street, Suite 1000, Los Angeles, California

23 90071. His email address is JudgeWalsh@SignatureResolution.com.

24

25

It is further Ordered that the Special Master shall have the authority to

26 perform the following tasks, with broad discretion, subject to the Court’s oversight:

27

1. Monitor and enforce the Government’s compliance with the Court’s

28

Modified Preliminary Injunction, the Adelanto Population Reduction

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1

Order, the Court’s order mandating timely and accurate Daily Housing and

2

COVID-19 Status Reports, and the Court’s order mandating an accurate

3

weekly detainee census [collectively, “the Orders”];

4

2. Inspect Adelanto at any time he deems appropriate;

5

3. Meet, remotely or in person, with the Parties and/or their counsel to

6

receive evidence and/or to hear arguments relating to compliance with the

7

Court’s Orders;

8

4. Gather information and documents, by interview, by order, or otherwise,

9

relating to compliance with the Court’s Orders;

10

5. Review evidence and exhibits that have been filed under seal or disclosed

11

during discovery that might be subject to a protective order, confidential

12

or privileged;

13

6. Share with any party, their counsel, agent, employee or representative, any

14

documents or information provided to, or gathered by, the Special Master,

15

if done in furtherance of the Special Master’s duties under this Order and

16

in compliance with any applicable protective order;

17

7. Make findings of fact and prepare periodic Reports and Recommendations

18

to the Court regarding the status and achievement of the goals of

19

monitoring and substantial compliance with the Court’s Orders;

20

8. Conduct any investigations, interviews, and site visits as the Special

21

Master deems necessary to achieve the goals of monitoring and

22

enforcement, or to aid in his preparation of factual findings or Reports and

23

Recommendations;

24

9. Hire and retain others, including but not limited to independent experts,

25

specialists, attorneys, law clerks, paralegals, and/or interpreters [“Aides”]

26

to assist the Special Master in the performance of his duties; however,

27

prior to retaining the services of an independent expert, the Special Master

28

shall seek leave of Court;

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1

10. Resolve any disputes that may arise between the parties regarding the

2

implementation of the Court’s Orders and this Order;

3

11. Preside over and facilitate mediations and/or settlement negotiations

4

between the parties as to any issue pertaining to the implementation of the

5

Court’s Orders;

6

12. Issue Orders of the Special Master to facilitate the objectives of this Order;

7

and

8

13. Advise and update the Court on the status of the Government’s

9

compliance, or failure to comply, with the Court’s Orders.

10

11

It is further Ordered that any party may seek review of an order, factual

12 finding or Report and Recommendation issued by the Special Master, pursuant to Rule

13 Fed. R. Civ. P. 53(f), except that an objection must be filed with the Court within

14 seven days after the Special Master issues the order, findings or Report and

15 Recommendation.

16

17

It is further Ordered that the Special Master shall be permitted to engage in

18 ex parte communications under the following circumstances, and shall include in his

19 periodic Report and Recommendation to the Court a summary of all ex parte

20 communications, except for ex parte communications with the Court, that he has had

21 since his last Report and Recommendation:

22

1. The Special Master may confer ex parte with the Court regarding any issue

23

arising under, or relating to, this Order; the Special Master’s

24

communications with the Court shall be privileged and not subject to

25

discovery;

26

2. The Special Master, in his discretion, may engage in ex parte

27

communications with any party’s counsel; each party shall designate an

28

attorney to be the Special Master’s primary contact for that party and shall

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1

provide the Special Master with that attorney’s contact information;

2

3. The Special Master may communicate ex parte with Class Members; and

3

4. The Special Master may communicate ex parte with current and former

4

employees, agents, representatives, contractors and subcontractors of the

5

Government, the GEO Group and Wellpath, including, but not limited to,

6

the Respondents, any person responsible for implementing or supervising

7

the implementation of the Court’s Orders, and any person who might have

8

information regarding the implementation of the Court’s Orders.

9

10

It is further Ordered that the Government shall provide the Special Master

11 with, if he requests, suitable private office space at Adelanto where he can conduct

12 interviews; at the Special Master’s discretion, counsel may be present during the

13 interviews.

14

15

It is further Ordered that the Government shall provide the Special Master

16 with contact information for any employee, agent, representative, contractor or

17 subcontractor of the Government, the GEO Group or Wellpath that the Special Master

18 deems necessary.

19

20

It is further Ordered that the Special Master shall recover, from the

21 Government, his reasonable fees and necessary expenses incurred for his work in this

22 case, as well as the reasonable fees and necessary expenses of his Aides. The Special

23 Master shall periodically file with the Court billing statements detailing such fees and

24 costs. If the Government does not file an objection to a billing statement within ten

25 business days of filing, the Court shall deem the fees and costs in the billing statement

26 to be reasonable and acceptable to the Government. Thereafter, the Government shall

27 pay the fees and costs in a timely manner. If the Government objects to a billing

28 statement, the Government shall file an objection to that billing statement within ten

Order Appointing Special Master – Page 5 of 6

Case 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC Document 726 Filed 10/20/20 Page 6 of 6 Page ID #:17375

1 business days, and the Court will consider the objection.

2

3

It is further Ordered that the parties and their counsel shall cooperate in good

4 faith with the Special Master.

5

6

It is further Ordered that the Special Master shall continue to serve until

7 further order of the Court.

8

9

It is further Ordered that the Court will consider motions or stipulations to

10 modify this Order Appointing Special Master.

11
12 Date: October 20, 2020
13 14 15

__________________________________ Terry J. Hatter, Jr.
Senior United States District Judge

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21

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Order Appointing Special Master – Page 6 of 6

 
 Roman v. Wolf, 977 F.3d 935 (2020) 20 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 10,587, 2020 Daily Journal D.A.R. 11,053

977 F.3d 935 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.
Kelvin Hernandez ROMAN; Beatriz Andrea Forero Chavez; Miguel Aguilar Estrada, on behalf
of themselves and all others similarly situated, Plaintiffs-Petitioners-Appellees, v.
Chad F. WOLF, Acting Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Tony H. Pham, Senior
Official Performing the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; David Marin, Director of the Los Angeles Field Office, Enforcement and Removal Operations, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; James Janecka, Warden, Adelanto ICE Processing Center, Defendants-Respondents-Appellants.
No. 20-55436 |
Argued and Submitted September 15, 2020 San Francisco, California | Filed October 13, 2020
Synopsis Background: Immigration detainees filed class action seeking declaratory, injunctive, and habeas relief based on detention center’s alleged failure to implement necessary protective measures during COVID-19 pandemic, in violation of Due Process Clause. The United States District Court for the Central District of California, Terry J. Hatter, Senior District Judge, 2020 WL 1952656, certified class and granted detainees’ motion for preliminary injunction. Government filed interlocutory appeal.
Holdings: The Court of Appeals held that:
implied cause of action existed for detainees to seek injunctive relief from their allegedly unconstitutional conditions of confinement;
district court’s power to grant injunctive relief included authority to order reduction in center’s population;
1

district court did not abuse its discretion in issuing preliminary injunctive relief;
conditions at center violated detainees’ due process right to reasonable safety;
district court did not abuse its discretion in provisionally certifying class ; and
change in circumstances at center during five months since issuance of preliminary injunction warranted vacation of injunction and remand for modifications commensurate with current conditions.
Affirmed in part, vacated in part, and remanded.
Miller, Circuit Judge, concurred in part, concurred in judgment, and filed opinion.
Procedural Posture(s): Interlocutory Appeal; Motion for Preliminary Injunction; Request or Application for Class Certification.
Attorneys and Law Firms
Scott G. Stewart (argued), Deputy Assistant Attorney General; Hans H. Chen and Victor M. Mercado-Santana, Trial Attorneys; William K. Lane III, Counsel; Jeffrey S. Robins, Deputy Director; William C. Peachey, Director; Ethan P. Davis, Acting Assistant Attorney General; Office of Immigration Litigation, Civil Division, United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., for Respondents-Appellants.
Samir Deger-Sen (argued), William M. Friedman, Margaret A. Upshaw, and James Tomberlin, Latham & Watkins LLP, Washington, D.C.; Amanda Barnett and Jessie Cammack, Latham & Watkins LLP, Los Angeles, California; Ahilan Arulanantham, Michael Kaufman, Jessica Karp Bansal, and Michelle (Minju) Cho, ACLU Foundation of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; for Petitioners-Appellees.
Joshua A. Matz, Michael Skocpol, Mahrah M. Taufique, and Jacob Miller, Kaplan Hecker & Fink, New York, New York; Mark Rosenbaum, Judy London, Talia Inlender, Jesselyn Friley, and Amanda Savage, Public Counsel, Los Angeles, California; for Amici Curiae Nikolas Bowie, Erwin Chemerinsky, Michael Dorf, Leah Litman, Pamela S. Karlan, Amanda Shanor, David

Roman v. Wolf, 977 F.3d 935 (2020) 20 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 10,587, 2020 Daily Journal D.A.R. 11,053

Strauss, Laurence H. Tribe, Stephen I. Vladeck, Ten Experts in Medicine and Public Health, and Physicians for Human Rights.
Lawrence J. Joseph, Washington, D.C.; Christopher J. Hajec, Director of Litigation, Immigration Reform Law Institute, Washington, D.C.; for Amicus Curiae Immigration Reform Law Institute.
Genevieve Quinn, Seton Hartnett O’Brien, and Praatika Prasad, Gibson Dunn & Crutcher LLP, New York, New York; David Debold, Caroline Ziser Smith, and Natasha Harnwell-Davis, Gibson Dunn & Crutcher LLP, Washington, D.C.; Jacob Rierson, Gibson Dunn & Crutcher LLP, Denver, Colorado; for Amici Curiae National Immigration Justice Center and Human Rights Watch.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Central District of California, Terry J. Hatter, Jr., District Judge, Presiding, D.C. No. 5:20-cv-00768-TJH-PVC
Before: Paul J. Watford, Michelle T. Friedland, and Eric D. Miller, Circuit Judges.
Per Curiam Opinion;
Concurrence by Judge Miller
OPINION
PER CURIAM:
In this interlocutory appeal, the Government1 challenges a preliminary injunction entered by the district court in response to Plaintiffs’ claims that conditions at the Adelanto Immigration and Customs Enforcement Processing Center (“Adelanto”), where they were detained, placed them at unconstitutional risk of contracting COVID-19. A week after we heard oral argument, we received a joint status report from the parties informing us that, in the prior week, 58 detainees and eight staff members had tested positive for COVID-19 at Adelanto, and over 300 detainees were still
2

awaiting their test results. Nine detainees had been hospitalized.
We affirm in part because the district court had broad equitable authority to grant provisional relief to remedy a likely constitutional violation. In light of the changed circumstances at Adelanto since the preliminary injunction was entered, however, we vacate it in part and remand so that the district court may address the current circumstances at Adelanto.
I.
Plaintiffs brought this class action on behalf of noncitizens detained at Adelanto. These noncitizens are being held in civil detention in connection with various immigration proceedings, and many of them have no criminal record. Plaintiffs seek declaratory and injunctive relief, as well as habeas relief. Their Complaint alleges that, in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, Adelanto’s failure to implement necessary protective measures—including social distancing, sanitation, and the provision of sufficient masks and soap—violates detainees’ due process rights under the Fifth Amendment. On April 23, 2020, the district court certified a class of 1,370 Adelanto detainees and granted a preliminary injunction that, inter alia, imposed a moratorium on Adelanto’s receipt of new detainees, required specific sanitation measures, mandated compliance with guidance issued by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (“CDC”), and ordered the facility’s detainee population to be reduced to a level that would enable social distancing. The district court left to the Government’s discretion whether to achieve the requisite population reduction by deporting selected detainees, transferring selected detainees to other facilities, or releasing selected detainees with appropriate conditions of release. The court likewise allowed the Government to determine which detainees to release, deport, or transfer.
The Government timely appealed and sought an emergency stay of the preliminary injunction pending appeal, which a motions panel, in an unpublished order, granted, except to the extent the preliminary injunction “require[d] substantial compliance with guidelines issued by the [CDC] for correctional and detention facilities to follow in managing COVID-19.”

Roman v. Wolf, 977 F.3d 935 (2020) 20 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 10,587, 2020 Daily Journal D.A.R. 11,053

We heard oral argument on September 15, 2020. The next day, in response to an inquiry from Plaintiffs’ counsel, the Government revealed to Plaintiffs’ counsel that 38 detainees had tested positive for COVID-19 at Adelanto.
In the district court, Plaintiffs filed an ex parte application for a temporary restraining order (“TRO”) on September 16, 2020, seeking an order compelling the Government to test all Adelanto detainees (using rapid, point-of-care tests, if possible) and to isolate all detainees who received positive test results. The Government filed a status report, which the district court construed as an opposition to the TRO application. The district court denied the application for a TRO on September 17, 2020, without specifying its reasoning.
The following day, Plaintiffs filed an ex parte application for reconsideration of the district court’s denial of their motion for a TRO and sought a further TRO. Specifically, Plaintiffs requested that the district court order the Government to:
(1) Test all detainees at Adelanto; (2) Isolate, in single occupancy cells, all detainees who have tested positive for COVID-19 and all detainees who are awaiting test results; (3) Prevent staff who worked in the West 5C and West 5D housing units from returning to work pending their COVID-19 test results, even if they are asymptomatic; (4) Suspend intake of new detainees into Adelanto; and (5) Provide daily status reports.
Plaintiffs acknowledged that the Government was already undertaking some of the measures requested but contended that the Government had neither adopted the isolation protocols proposed by Plaintiffs nor suspended its receipt of new detainees into Adelanto. The Government again opposed the motion.
In an order issued on September 22, 2020, the district court expressed concern about the adequacy of the Government’s response to the outbreak, but it stated that its “hands have been tied by the Ninth Circuit’s stay.” The district court therefore denied reconsideration, but it
3

instructed the parties to file a joint status report “regarding Adelanto’s Covid-19 outbreak” with our court, which we received later that same afternoon.
The parties’ report informed us that, as of September 22, there were 58 confirmed COVID-19 cases among detainees and eight among staff members. More than half of the detainees who had received results tested positive. Twenty of the COVID-19-positive detainees belong to a medically vulnerable group at the greatest risk of suffering severe complications, and nine detainees were hospitalized. The Government stated its intention to test all Adelanto detainees and staff. Just over half of the 774 detainees had been tested by September 20. Tests apparently take at least three days to return results, so the parties were awaiting results for hundreds of detainees.
We received an emergency motion from Plaintiffs on the evening of September 22, several hours after we received the parties’ status report, asking us to clarify or to partially lift the emergency stay imposed by the motions panel.2 The emergency motion asserted that the Government had not imposed measures at Adelanto necessary to counter the developing outbreak. Among other things, Plaintiffs reported that the detainees in the housing unit with confirmed cases were being held “two per cell,” less than six feet apart; new detainees were continually being brought into the facility; and only some of the detainees had been tested for the virus so far. Plaintiffs asked us to clarify that the emergency stay of the district court’s preliminary injunction did not “deprive[ ] [the district court] of authority to order appropriate isolation protocols and a temporary halt to new intakes” in light of the changed circumstances presented by the current outbreak. Plaintiffs requested, in the alternative, that we “lift the stay insofar as it prohibits the district court from responding to the current crisis.” In light of the urgency of the situation described in the emergency motion, we issued an unpublished version of this opinion on September 23.3
II.
“A plaintiff seeking a preliminary injunction must establish that he is likely to succeed on the merits, that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of preliminary relief, that the balance of equities tips in his

Roman v. Wolf, 977 F.3d 935 (2020) 20 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 10,587, 2020 Daily Journal D.A.R. 11,053

favor, and that an injunction is in the public interest.” Winter v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 20, 129 S.Ct. 365, 172 L.Ed.2d 249 (2008). Where the government is a party to a case in which a preliminary injunction is sought, the balance of the equities and public interest factors merge. Drakes Bay Oyster Co. v. Jewell, 747 F.3d 1073, 1092 (9th Cir. 2014). Further, where the “balance of hardships ... tips sharply towards the plaintiff,” a plaintiff need only show “serious questions going to the merits,” rather than likelihood of success on the merits, to warrant preliminary injunctive relief. All. for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 632 F.3d 1127, 1135 (9th Cir. 2011) (quotation marks and citation omitted). Injunctions that alter the status quo “are not granted unless extreme or very serious damage will result and are not issued in doubtful cases.” Marlyn Nutraceuticals, Inc. v. Mucos Pharma GmbH & Co., 571 F.3d 873, 879 (9th Cir. 2009) (quotation marks omitted).
We review a district court’s decision to grant or deny a preliminary injunction for abuse of discretion. Sw. Voter Registration Educ. Project v. Shelley, 344 F.3d 914, 918 (9th Cir. 2003) (en banc) (per curiam). We review the district court’s legal conclusions de novo and its factual findings for clear error. K.W. ex rel. D.W. v. Armstrong, 789 F.3d 962, 969 (9th Cir. 2015).
A district court’s decision regarding class certification is also reviewed for abuse of discretion. Pulaski & Middleman, LLC v. Google, Inc., 802 F.3d 979, 984 (9th Cir. 2015).
III.
As a threshold matter, the parties dispute whether district courts have authority to order the types of relief in the preliminary injunction in response to habeas claims. Specifically, the Government argues that a district court on habeas review may not order reductions in the number of detainees held at a facility, or any other injunctive relief, to remedy unconstitutional conditions of confinement. We need not reach that issue to resolve this appeal because, separately from their habeas petition, Plaintiffs brought a class action complaint for declaratory and injunctive relief seeking to remedy allegedly unconstitutional conditions at Adelanto. That action for declaratory and injunctive relief independently provided
4

the district court jurisdiction to hear Plaintiffs’ challenges and authority to grant the types of relief that Plaintiffs sought.
Courts have long recognized the existence of an implied cause of action through which plaintiffs may seek equitable relief to remedy a constitutional violation. See Sierra Club v. Trump, 963 F.3d 874, 888 (9th Cir. 2020) (“Certain provisions of the Constitution give rise to equitable causes of action.”) (citing cases), petition for cert. filed (U.S. Aug. 7, 2020) (No. 20-138). Here, Plaintiffs’ due process claims arise under the Constitution, and Plaintiffs invoked 28 U.S.C. § 1331, which provides subject matter jurisdiction irrespective of the accompanying habeas petition. Moreover, an implied cause of action exists for Plaintiffs to challenge allegedly unconstitutional conditions of confinement. See Simmat v. U.S. Bureau of Prisons, 413 F.3d 1225, 1230–32, 1236 (10th Cir. 2005) (observing that “[f]ederal courts have long exercised the traditional powers of equity, in cases within their jurisdiction, to prevent violations of constitutional rights,” and holding that federal courts have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1331 over federal prisoners’ constitutional claims for injunctive relief against prison officials); see also Ziglar v. Abbasi, ––– U.S. ––––, 137 S. Ct. 1843, 1862–63, 198 L.Ed.2d 290 (2017) (noting that, apart from Bivens or habeas relief, noncitizen detainees could seek injunctive relief to challenge their conditions of confinement); Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 526 n.6, 99 S.Ct. 1861, 60 L.Ed.2d 447 (1979) (declining to decide whether habeas is a proper vehicle for pretrial detainees in federal custody to challenge conditions of confinement because “jurisdiction would have been provided by 28 U.S.C. § 1331(a)”). Therefore, the district court had the authority both to entertain Plaintiffs’ constitutional challenges and to grant injunctive relief in response to them.
Further, the district court’s power to grant injunctive relief included the authority to order a reduction in population, if necessary to remedy a constitutional violation. “Once a [constitutional] right and a violation have been shown, the scope of a district court’s equitable powers to remedy past wrongs is broad, for breadth and flexibility are inherent in equitable remedies.” Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Bd. of Educ., 402 U.S. 1, 15, 91 S.Ct. 1267, 28 L.Ed.2d 554 (1971); see also Stone v. City & County of San Francisco, 968 F.2d 850, 861 (9th Cir. 1992) (“Federal courts possess whatever powers are necessary to remedy constitutional violations because they are charged with protecting these rights.”). In time-sensitive circumstances, the district court’s authority

Roman v. Wolf, 977 F.3d 935 (2020) 20 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 10,587, 2020 Daily Journal D.A.R. 11,053

to issue broad equitable relief encompassed the authority to grant provisional relief “to bring an ongoing violation to an immediate halt.” Hutto v. Finney, 437 U.S. 678, 687 n.9, 98 S.Ct. 2565, 57 L.Ed.2d 522 (1978).
In Brown v. Plata, 563 U.S. 493, 131 S.Ct. 1910, 179 L.Ed.2d 969 (2011), for example, the Supreme Court affirmed the conclusion of a three-judge district court that prison overcrowding had resulted in Eighth Amendment violations in California prisons. Id. at 545, 131 S.Ct. 1910. Because no other relief would cure the violations, the Court agreed that an order limiting the prison population to a specific percentage of design capacity, which may have required state officials to release some prisoners, was an appropriate remedy. Id. at 500–02, 131 S.Ct. 1910. Similarly, Plaintiffs here argued that changes in sanitation conditions at Adelanto are necessary, but not sufficient, to cure the alleged Fifth Amendment violation and that a reduction in the facility’s population was required for detainee safety. As in Brown, the district court in this case was permitted to order the reduction of Adelanto’s population, which may have required the release of some detainees, if such a remedy was necessary to cure the alleged constitutional violations.
IV.
We hold that the district court did not abuse its discretion by issuing some form of preliminary injunctive relief in response to Plaintiffs’ due process claims. The district court made detailed factual findings in support of the preliminary injunction, none of which the Government challenged in its brief on appeal as being clearly erroneous. For instance, the district court accepted as true Plaintiffs’ declarations and other evidence that the following conditions were present at Adelanto: the Government had failed to impose social distancing because there were “too many detainees at Adelanto for its size”; newly arrived detainees were either mixed with the general population or housed with other new detainees who had arrived at different times, both of which undermined the ostensible 14-day quarantine period for new arrivals; staff were not required to wear gloves and masks; there was a lack of necessary cleaning supplies, which led some detainees to clean their toilets with shampoo or to clean common areas using only a dirty towel and bucket of dirty water; given the inadequate
5

supplies, the cleaning of communal spaces was “haphazard, at best”; there were only three functioning showers for 118 women; there was inadequate access to hand sanitizer because dispensers were often empty and detainees had to wait for days to receive hand soap; and detainees were forced to sleep within six feet of each other due to the positions of their beds. In light of these factual findings, which the Government has not shown to be clearly erroneous, we agree with the district court that the conditions at Adelanto in April violated detainees’ due process right to reasonable safety.4
The Fifth Amendment requires the government to provide conditions of reasonable health and safety to people in its custody. See DeShaney v. Winnebago Cnty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 489 U.S. 189, 199–200, 109 S.Ct. 998, 103 L.Ed.2d 249 (1989); Doe v. Kelly, 878 F.3d 710, 714 (9th Cir. 2017). The government has violated this duty when:
(i) [It] made an intentional decision with respect to the conditions under which the plaintiff was confined; (ii) those conditions put the plaintiff at substantial risk of suffering serious harm; (iii) the [government] did not take reasonable available measures to abate that risk, even though a reasonable official in the circumstances would have appreciated the high degree of risk involved ...; and (iv) by not taking such measures, the [government] caused the plaintiff’s injuries.
Gordon v. County of Orange, 888 F.3d 1118, 1125 (9th Cir. 2018). “With respect to the third element, the [government’s] conduct must be objectively unreasonable, a test that will necessarily ‘turn[ ] on the facts and circumstances of each particular case.’ ” Castro v. County of Los Angeles, 833 F.3d 1060, 1071 (9th Cir. 2016) (en banc) (second alteration in original) (quoting Kingsley v. Hendrickson, 576 U.S. 389, 397, 135 S.Ct. 2466, 192 L.Ed.2d 416 (2015)). A “mere lack of due care” is not enough; a plaintiff must show “something akin to reckless disregard.” Gordon, 888 F.3d at 1125 (quoting Castro, 833 F.3d at 1071). To satisfy the fourth element, a plaintiff need only prove a “sufficiently imminent danger[ ],” because a “remedy for unsafe

Roman v. Wolf, 977 F.3d 935 (2020) 20 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 10,587, 2020 Daily Journal D.A.R. 11,053

conditions need not await a tragic event.” Helling v. McKinney, 509 U.S. 25, 33–34, 113 S.Ct. 2475, 125 L.Ed.2d 22 (1993).
We agree with the district court that the Government likely failed to meet its constitutional duty to provide reasonably safe conditions to Plaintiffs. At the time the injunction issued, Adelanto was so crowded that social distancing to combat the spread of the novel coronavirus was impossible, detainees had inadequate access to masks, guards were not required to wear masks, there was not enough soap or hand sanitizer to go around, detainees were responsible for cleaning the facility with only dirty towels and dirty water, detainees were compelled to sleep with less than six feet of distance between them, and not all new arrivals were being properly quarantined or tested. The Government was aware of the risks these conditions posed, especially in light of high-profile outbreaks at other carceral facilities that had already occurred at the time, and yet had not remedied the conditions. Its inadequate response reflected a reckless disregard for detainee safety. The district court therefore rightly concluded that Plaintiffs were likely to prevail on the merits. Cf. Helling, 509 U.S. at 35, 113 S.Ct. 2475 (holding that the health risk posed by a prison inmate’s involuntary exposure to second-hand smoke could form the basis of a claim that the government was violating his right to reasonable safety).5
The district court also correctly concluded that Plaintiffs were likely to suffer irreparable harm absent relief given COVID-19’s high mortality rate. Finally, the district court rightly concluded that the equities and public interest tipped in Plaintiffs’ favor, particularly in light of the lack of criminal records of many of the detainees and the alternative means available to prevent them from absconding if they were released, such as electronic monitoring.
V.
We further hold that the district court did not err by provisionally certifying a class of all Adelanto detainees. The alleged due process violations exposed all Adelanto detainees to an unnecessary risk of harm, not only those who are uniquely vulnerable to COVID-19 or who are not subject to mandatory detention. The preliminary

injunction afforded class-wide relief that would have remedied the constitutional violations as to all detainees, even though it would have entailed the release or transfer of only some of the detainees. The district court did not abuse its discretion in holding that Plaintiffs had satisfied the commonality, adequacy, and typicality requirements of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23(a) and the uniform remedy requirement of Rule 23(b)(2).6 In the context of an Eighth Amendment challenge to inmate medical care policies, we likewise affirmed class certification under Rule 23(b)(2) where “a presently existing risk may ultimately result in different future harm for different inmates—ranging from no harm at all to death” because “every inmate suffers exactly the same constitutional injury when he is exposed to a single statewide ... policy or practice that creates a substantial risk of serious harm.” Parsons v. Ryan, 754 F.3d 657, 678, 689 (9th Cir. 2014); cf. Brown v. Plata, 563 U.S. 493, 502, 131 S.Ct. 1910, 179 L.Ed.2d 969 (2011) (affirming a class-wide injunction imposing a “court-mandated population limit” in state prisons to remedy Eighth Amendment violations due to “severe and pervasive overcrowding,” which would require the release of only some inmates).
VI.
Although we affirm the portions of the preliminary injunction order concluding that the district court possesses the power to grant injunctive relief and that Plaintiffs are likely to prevail on the merits of their due process claims, we nonetheless vacate the provisions of the preliminary injunction that ordered specific measures to be implemented at Adelanto. The district court tailored those measures to respond to the circumstances at Adelanto as of mid-April. In the intervening five months, those circumstances have changed dramatically. For example, it now appears that Adelanto houses only 748 detainees, significantly fewer than the 1,370 detainees it held when the district court issued its preliminary injunction. More pressingly—and despite the reduced population level—the facility is experiencing a COVID-19 outbreak, which was not the case when the preliminary injunction issued. In response to the current outbreak, it seems the Government is now in the process of testing all Adelanto detainees for COVID-19, and it also has purportedly adjusted its procedures for “cohort[ing]” detainees. The district court may have

6

Roman v. Wolf, 977 F.3d 935 (2020) 20 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 10,587, 2020 Daily Journal D.A.R. 11,053

received further medical expert testimony or other evidence during the intervening months as well. In short, the facts that motivated the district court’s preliminary injunction no longer reflect the current realities at Adelanto.
The conditions at Adelanto appear to be evolving rapidly. Unlike our court, the district court has been continually apprised of developments at the facility and is better situated to assess what relief current conditions may warrant. We therefore decline to speculate about which provisions of the preliminary injunction should still apply. We vacate the provisions of the injunction ordering specific reductions in the detainee population and specific changes in conditions at the facility and remand to the district court for further proceedings consistent with this disposition and with the latest facts. See Valentine v. Collier, 960 F.3d 707, 707 (5th Cir. 2020) (per curiam) (vacating preliminary injunction based on changed circumstances); id. at 707 (Davis, J., concurring in the judgment) (concurring “because conditions have dramatically changed in the prison since the preliminary injunction issued, and vacating the preliminary injunction allows the district court to expeditiously conduct factfinding to determine what relief is necessary under the current circumstances”).
We make some observations for the district court to consider on remand. First, we reiterate that the district court possesses broad equitable authority to remedy a likely constitutional violation. If the district court determines, based on current facts, that particular measures are necessary to ensure that conditions at Adelanto do not put detainees at unreasonable risk of serious illness and death, it may require such measures. The district court may, for example, require the provision of sufficient cleaning supplies and hand sanitizer, or a reduction in the population to a level that would allow for six-foot social distancing, if it concludes those actions are necessary to bring the conditions to a constitutionally adequate level. And, of course, the district court has authority to remedy a constitutional violation by ordering measures that it determines are necessary to counter the spread of an outbreak, including mandating medical isolation of detainees who have tested positive for COVID-19 or who were likely exposed and are awaiting test results, and imposing a temporary moratorium on Adelanto’s receiving new detainees.
Second, although our court previously stayed the district court’s preliminary injunction except to the extent it required compliance with the CDC’s guidelines for
7

correctional and detention facilities, we think developments since the stay have made clear that those guidelines do not provide a workable standard for a preliminary injunction. The guidance document spans 25 pages and makes hundreds of recommendations, many of which lack specificity. More fundamentally, it contains key caveats, such as that its recommendations “may need to be adapted based on individual facilities’ physical space, staffing, population, operations, and other resources and conditions.” Given the vagueness of that caveat, it is no surprise that the parties strongly disagree on whether the Government was complying with the CDC guidance even before this case was filed and have continued to disagree about what the CDC guidance means. The guidance document’s lack of specificity makes it a poor guidepost for mandatory injunctive relief. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(d)(1)(B), (C) (an injunction must “state its terms specifically” and “describe in reasonable detail—and not by referring to the complaint or other document—the act or acts restrained or required”).
Third, the district court should, to the extent possible, avoid imposing provisions that micromanage the Government’s administration of conditions at Adelanto. Certain provisions in the preliminary injunction—such as the requirement that specific areas be cleaned “by a professionally trained cleaning staff,” rather than by detainees or facility employees with a mix of duties—wade into facility administration at a granular level beyond what is required to remedy the constitutional violation identified. These types of considerations are better left to the “professional expertise of corrections officials.” Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 540 n.23, 99 S.Ct. 1861, 60 L.Ed.2d 447 (1979).
Fourth, any new provisions of future injunctive relief should stem from medical evidence properly before the court. The district court should refrain from relying on declarations filed in other litigation, as it did when it ordered that sleeping rooms or cells that contained toilets lacking integrated lids be limited to one person. Cf. Hope v. Warden York Cnty. Prison, 972 F.3d 310, 326–28 (3d Cir. 2020) (criticizing reliance on evidence from prior case).
Finally, the injunction should, to the extent possible, reflect the scientific evidence about COVID-19 presented to the district court. For example, the preliminary injunction, as originally drafted, seemed to mandate that Adelanto staff must wear a mask even when working alone in an office, far away from detainees. We see no evidence in the current record that suggests wearing a

Roman v. Wolf, 977 F.3d 935 (2020) 20 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 10,587, 2020 Daily Journal D.A.R. 11,053

mask in this specific situation would reduce COVID-19 transmission. If the district court determines on remand that scientific evidence supports ordering this measure, it should clearly identify the relevant evidence.
VII. Based on the foregoing, the preliminary injunction order is affirmed in part and vacated in part, and the case is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this disposition.7
MILLER, Circuit Judge, concurring in part and concurring in the judgment:

demanding than that: “[T]he plaintiff must ‘prove more than negligence’ ” and must show “ ‘something akin to reckless disregard.’ ” Id. (quoting Castro v. County of Los Angeles, 833 F.3d 1060, 1071 (9th Cir. 2016) (en banc)). That high standard reflects a recognition that the “operation of our correctional facilities is peculiarly the province of the Legislative and Executive Branches of our Government, not the Judicial.” Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 548, 99 S.Ct. 1861, 60 L.Ed.2d 447 (1979); see also DeShaney v. Winnebago Cnty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 489 U.S. 189, 200 n.7, 109 S.Ct. 998, 103 L.Ed.2d 249 (1989) (“[T]he State ‘has considerable discretion in determining the nature and scope of its responsibilities.’ ” (quoting Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S. 307, 317, 102 S.Ct. 2452, 73 L.Ed.2d 28 (1982))). The court appropriately draws upon that principle in directing the district court, at the remedial stage, to “avoid imposing provisions that micromanage the Government’s administration of conditions at Adelanto.” op. ––––. The district court must also consider it in addressing the antecedent question whether the government has acted with “reckless disregard.”

I concur in the judgment, and I join all of the court’s opinion except for Part IV, in which the court concludes that “the Government likely failed to meet its constitutional duty to provide reasonably safe conditions to Plaintiffs.” op. ––––.

The injunction we review today was issued based on the record before the district court in April. Perhaps the plaintiffs were likely to establish a constitutional violation on that record, or perhaps not, but at this point the question is academic. The situation at Adelanto has

I agree with the court’s statement of the controlling legal standard. The government has a duty to ensure that the conditions of confinement for those in its custody provide reasonable safety, and a plaintiff alleging a violation of

changed considerably since April, and our decision to remand will allow the district court to determine, based on a new record, whether the government’s response has fallen short of constitutional standards.

that duty must show, among other things, that the

“conditions put the plaintiff at substantial risk of suffering serious harm” and that the government “did not take

All Citations

reasonable available measures to abate that risk.” Gordon v. County of Orange, 888 F.3d 1118, 1125 (9th Cir. 2018). Although the word “reasonable” might be taken to

977 F.3d 935, 20 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 10,587, 2020 Daily Journal D.A.R. 11,053

suggest something akin to the duty of reasonable care

applied in negligence cases, the standard is more

Footnotes

1

Defendants-Appellants are Chad F. Wolf, Acting Secretary of Homeland Security; Tony H. Pham, Senior Official

Performing the Duties of the Director, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (“ICE”); David Marin, Director of

the Los Angeles Field Office for ICE’s Enforcement and Removal Operations; and James Janecka, Warden of

Adelanto. We refer to them collectively as “the Government.” Pham has been automatically substituted for

Matthew T. Albence, former Deputy Director and Senior Official Performing the Duties of the Director of ICE. Fed. R.

App. P. 43(c)(2).

8

Roman v. Wolf, 977 F.3d 935 (2020) 20 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 10,587, 2020 Daily Journal D.A.R. 11,053

2

The Government indicated that it opposed the emergency motion.

3

In addition to its interlocutory appeal of the preliminary injunction, the Government filed a separate interlocutory

appeal of procedural orders relating to the processing of bail applications—orders that were entered by the district

court months after the preliminary injunction was issued and stayed. We resolve that separate appeal in a

memorandum disposition filed simultaneously with this opinion.

4

Plaintiffs pursue two related Fifth Amendment due process theories. The first argues that the conditions at Adelanto

are unconstitutionally punitive, see Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 535–37, 99 S.Ct. 1861, 60 L.Ed.2d 447 (1979),

whereas the second argues that the Government violated Plaintiffs’ right to reasonable safety while in the

Government’s custody, see DeShaney v. Winnebago Cnty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 489 U.S. 189, 199–200, 109 S.Ct. 998,

103 L.Ed.2d 249 (1989). Because we hold that the district court was justified in granting preliminary relief based on

the “reasonable safety” theory, we do not address the merits of the “punitive conditions” theory here.

5

We recognize that our sister circuits have reached a variety of conclusions when presented with cases about

COVID-19 risks in carceral settings. Compare Mays v. Dart, 974 F.3d 810, ––––, –––– (7th Cir. 2020) (affirming in part

a preliminary injunction that mandated sanitation measures and mask availability in a county jail), and Valentine v.

Collier, 960 F.3d 707, 708 (5th Cir. 2020) (per curiam) (Davis, J., concurring in the judgment) (noting that “inmates

are now being held under circumstances that seriously threaten their life”), and id. (Graves, J., specially concurring)

(noting that the inmates were likely to succeed on the merits of their constitutional challenge to conditions of

confinement), with Wilson v. Williams, 961 F.3d 829, 840–41 (6th Cir. 2020) (holding that inmates were unlikely to

prevail on their deliberate indifference claim), and Swain v. Junior, 958 F.3d 1081, 1089 (11th Cir. 2020) (holding

that pretrial detainees were unlikely to prevail on a deliberate indifference claim). Some of these cases arose in the

context of criminal detention, and thus the deliberate indifference claims there, unlike due process challenges to

civil detention conditions, required an analysis of prison officials’ subjective intent to harm. See, e.g., Wilson, 961

F.3d at 840 (holding that while the objective prong was “easily satisfied,” the subjective prong would likely prevent

plaintiffs’ success on the merits because officials responded reasonably). Moreover, each case must be evaluated on

its specific factual record because “objective reasonableness turns on the facts and circumstances of each particular

case.” Kingsley, 576 U.S. at 397, 135 S.Ct. 2466 (quotation marks and citation omitted). Here, the district court gave

the Government an opportunity to present evidence and expert testimony before making specific factual findings

that supported its conclusion that plaintiffs would likely succeed on the merits and that they would likely suffer

irreparable harm. Cf. Hope v. Warden York Cnty. Prison, 972 F.3d 310, 320–21 (3d Cir. 2020) (critiquing district court

for not permitting the government to offer evidence or giving it an opportunity to be heard before ordering

injunctive relief); id. at 331 (critiquing a lack of “specific findings”).

6

Defendants do not contest numerosity.

7

Because the substantive provisions of the preliminary injunction are vacated, the stay pending appeal of that order

is no longer in effect. See Consejo de Desarrollo Economico de Mexicali, A.C. v. United States, 482 F.3d 1157, 1174

n.7 (9th Cir. 2007). We accordingly denied as moot the emergency motion seeking to lift the stay when we earlier

issued the unpublished version of this opinion.

9