Task: Class Definition Understanding (ontology: Arts_Media_Entertainment/CIDOC_CRM)

Which of the following definitions best describes 'E66 Formation'?

A. Scope note:
This class comprises transfers of the physical custody or the legal responsibility for the physical custody of objects. The recording of the donor or recipient is optional. It is possible that in an instance of the concept there is either no donor or no recipient. 
Depending on the circumstances, it may describe: 
1. the beginning of custody (there is no previous custodian)
2. the end of custody (there is no subsequent custodian)
3. the the concept (transfer from one custodian to the next)
4. the receipt of custody from an unknown source (the previous custodian is unknown)
5. the declared loss of an object (the current or subsequent custodian is unknown)
In the event that only a single kind of the concept occurs, either the legal responsibility for the custody or the actual physical possession of the object but not both, this difference should be expressed using the property 
P2 has type (is type of).
The sense of physical possession requires that the object of custody be in the hands of the keeper at least with a part representative for the whole. The way, in which a representative part is defined, should ensure that it is unambiguous who keeps a part and who the whole and should be consistent with the identity criteria of the kept instance of E18 Physical Thing.
The interpretation of the museum notion of "accession" differs between institutions. The CIDOC CRM therefore models legal ownership and physical custody separately. Institutions will then model their specific notions of accession and deaccession as combinations of these. 
Theft is a specific case of illegal the concept.

Examples:
- the delivery of the paintings by Secure Deliveries Inc. to the National Gallery
- the return of Picasso’s “Guernica” to Madrid’s Prado in 1981 (Chipp, 1988)
- the the concept of the work described as “Von der Velden ein Ufer an der See” from Johann Matthäus von Merian to the Auction House Heldevier (Jacob) for the purpose of sale, ca. 1716
- the the concept of the painting ‘Mrs. Fitzherbert’ to the art dealer Knoedler from Parke-Bernet Galleries (New York, NY, USA) ca. March 1941

In First Order Logic:
- E10(x) ⇒ E7(x)
B. Scope note:
This class comprises activities that are designed to, and succeed in, creating one or more new items. 
It specializes the notion of modification into the concept. The decision as to whether or not an object is regarded as new is context sensitive. Normally, items are considered “new” if there is no obvious overall similarity between them and the consumed items and material used in their the concept. In other cases, an item is considered “new” because it becomes relevant to documentation by a modification. For example, the scribbling of a name on a potsherd may make it a voting token. The original potsherd may not be worth documenting, in contrast to the inscribed one. 
This entity can be collective: the printing of a thousand books, for example, would normally be considered a single event. 
An event should also be documented using an instance of E81 Transformation if it results in the destruction of one or more objects and the simultaneous the concept of others using parts or material from the originals. In this case, the new items have separate identities and matter is preserved, but identity is not.

Examples:
- the construction of the SS Great Britain (Gregor, 1971)
- the first casting of the Little Mermaid from the harbour of Copenhagen (Dewey, 2003)
- Rembrandt’s creating of the seventh state of his etching “Woman sitting half dressed beside a stove”, 1658, identified by Bartsch Number 197 (E12, E65, E81) (Hind, 1923)

In First Order Logic:
- E12(x) ⇒ E11(x)
- E12(x) ⇒ E63(x)
C. Scope note:
This class comprises the activities that result in an instance of E39 Actor becoming a member of an instance of E74 Group. This class does not imply initiative by either party. It may be the initiative of a third party.
Typical scenarios include becoming a member of a social organisation, becoming an employee of a company, marriage, the adoption of a child by a family, and the inauguration of somebody into an official position.

Examples:
- the election of Sir Isaac Newton as Member of Parliament for the University of Cambridge to the Convention Parliament of 1689 (Gleick, 2003)
- the inauguration of Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev as leader of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1985 (Butson, 1986)
- the implementation of the membership treaty between EU and Denmark, 1(st) January 1993

In First Order Logic:
- E85(x) ⇒ E7(x)
D. Scope note:
This class comprises events that result in the the concept of a formal or informal E74 Group of people, such as a club, society, association, corporation, or nation. 
the concept does not include the arbitrary aggregation of people who do not act as a collective.
The the concept of an instance of E74 Group does not require that the group is populated with members at the time of the concept. In order to express the joining of members at the time of the concept, the respective activity should be simultaneously an instance of both the concept and E85 Joining.

Examples:
- the the concept of the CIDOC CRM Special Interest Group in 2000
- the the concept of the Soviet Union (Pipes, 1964)
- the conspiring of the murderers of Caesar (Irwin, 1935)

In First Order Logic:
- E66(x) ⇒ E7(x)
- E66(x) ⇒ E63(x)

Answer: Scope note:
This class comprises events that result in the the concept of a formal or informal E74 Group of people, such as a club, society, association, corporation, or nation. 
the concept does not include the arbitrary aggregation of people who do not act as a collective.
The the concept of an instance of E74 Group does not require that the group is populated with members at the time of the concept. In order to express the joining of members at the time of the concept, the respective activity should be simultaneously an instance of both the concept and E85 Joining.

Examples:
- the the concept of the CIDOC CRM Special Interest Group in 2000
- the the concept of the Soviet Union (Pipes, 1964)
- the conspiring of the murderers of Caesar (Irwin, 1935)

In First Order Logic:
- E66(x) ⇒ E7(x)
- E66(x) ⇒ E63(x)