Task: Class Definition Understanding (ontology: Arts_Media_Entertainment/CIDOC_CRM)

Which of the following definitions best describes 'E35 Title'?

A. Scope note:
This class comprises the intellectual or conceptual aspects of recognisable marks and images.
This class does not intend to describe the idiosyncratic characteristics of an individual physical embodiment of a the concept, but the underlying prototype. For example, a mark such as the ICOM logo is generally considered to be the same logo when used on any number of publications. The size, orientation, and colour may change, but the logo remains uniquely identifiable. The same is true of images that are reproduced many times. This means that visual items are independent of their physical support.
The the concept class provides a means of identifying and linking together instances of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing that carry the same visual symbols, marks, or images, etc. The property P62 depicts (is depicted by) between E24 Physical Human-Made Thing and the depicted subjects (E1 CRM Entity) can be regarded as a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E24 Physical Human-Made Thing through P65 shows the concept (is shown by), the concept, P138 represents (has representation) to E1 CRM Entity, which in addition captures the optical features of the depiction.

Examples:
- the visual appearance of Monet’s “La Pie” (Bortolatto, 1981)
- the Coca-Cola logo (E34)
- the Chi-Rho (E37)
- the communist red star (E37)
- the surface shape of Auguste Rodin's statue "Le Penseur" [There exist more than 20 copies, even of different size. Therefore, this is a good example that it is only the common surface shape, an immaterial the concept, which justifies displaying these copies as works of Auguste Rodin. As usual practice, Rodin himself did not produce the bronze statue, but only the prototype model.]

In First Order Logic:
- E36(x) ⇒ E73(x)
B. Scope note:
This class comprises strings or codes assigned to instances of E1 CRM Entity in order to identify them uniquely and permanently within the context of one or more organisations. Such codes are often known as inventory numbers, registration codes, etc. and are typically composed of alphanumeric sequences. Postal addresses, telephone numbers, URLs and e-mail addresses are characteristic examples of identifiers used by services transporting things between clients.
The class the concept is not normally used for machine-generated identifiers used for automated processing unless these are also used by human agents.

Examples:
- “MM.GE.195”
- “13.45.1976”
- “OXCMS: 1997.4.1” (fictitious)
- “ISSN 0041-5278” [the concept for “The UNESCO Courier (Print)”]
- ISRC “FIFIN8900186” [the concept for : Kraft (29 min 14 s) / Magnus Lindberg, comp. ; Toimii Ensemble ; Swedish Radio symphony orchestra ; Esa-Pekka Salonen, dir.]
- Shelf mark “Res 8 P 10” 
- “Guillaume de Machaut (1300?-1377)” [a controlled personal name heading that follows the French rules] (Reaney, 1974)
- “+41 22 418 5571”
- “ weasel@paveprime.com”
- “Rue David Dufour 5, CH-1211, Genève”
- “1-29-3 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 121, Japan”

In First Order Logic:
- E42(x) ⇒ E41(x)
C. Scope note:
This class comprises recognisable texts that can be attached to instances of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing. 
The transcription of the text can be documented in a note by P3 has note: E62 String. The alphabet used can be documented by P2 has type: E55 Type. This class is not intended to describe the idiosyncratic characteristics of an individual physical embodiment of an the concept, but the underlying prototype. The physical embodiment is modelled in the CIDOC CRM as instances of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing.
The relationship of a physical copy of a book to the text it contains is modelled using E18 Physical Thing. P128 carries (is carried by): E33 Linguistic Object.

Examples:
- “keep off the grass” [on a sign stuck in the lawn of the quad of Balliol College, Oxford, UK]
- the text published in Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum V 895 (Mommsen, 1872)
- “Kilroy was here”

In First Order Logic:
- E34(x) ⇒ E33(x)
- E34(x) ⇒ E37(x)
D. Scope note:
This class comprises the textual strings that within a cultural context can be clearly identified as titles due to their form. Being a subclass of E41 Appellation, the concept can only be used when such a string is actually used as a the concept of a work, such as a text, an artwork, or a piece of music.
Titles are proper noun phrases or verbal phrases, and should not be confused with generic object names such as “chair”, “painting”, or “book” (the latter are common nouns that stand for instances of E55 Type). Titles may be assigned by the creator of the work itself, or by a social group.
This class also comprises the translations of titles that are used as surrogates for the original titles in different social contexts.

Examples:
- “The Merchant of Venice” (McCullough, 2005)
- “Mona Lisa” (Mohen, Menu and Mottin, 2006)
- “La Pie” (Bortolatto, 1981)
- “Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds” (Lennon, 1967)

In First Order Logic:
- E35(x) ⇒ E33(x)
- E35(x) ⇒ E41(x)

Answer: Scope note:
This class comprises the textual strings that within a cultural context can be clearly identified as titles due to their form. Being a subclass of E41 Appellation, the concept can only be used when such a string is actually used as a the concept of a work, such as a text, an artwork, or a piece of music.
Titles are proper noun phrases or verbal phrases, and should not be confused with generic object names such as “chair”, “painting”, or “book” (the latter are common nouns that stand for instances of E55 Type). Titles may be assigned by the creator of the work itself, or by a social group.
This class also comprises the translations of titles that are used as surrogates for the original titles in different social contexts.

Examples:
- “The Merchant of Venice” (McCullough, 2005)
- “Mona Lisa” (Mohen, Menu and Mottin, 2006)
- “La Pie” (Bortolatto, 1981)
- “Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds” (Lennon, 1967)

In First Order Logic:
- E35(x) ⇒ E33(x)
- E35(x) ⇒ E41(x)