of the proximity to the star another relatively hot sub-neptune slightly farther away and yet another sub-neptune slightly farther away still but one of these sub-neptunes has an extreme orbit so first of all let's come back to the solar system for a second even though for the most part the planets seem to be in a relatively similar plane of orbit there are some other objects like asteroids or things like centaurus or minor planets that do have relatively large inclination some of them are practically polar in their orbit and there are at least two well-known examples NUMBER_TOKEN ybNUMBER_TOKEN and NUMBER_TOKEN yhNUMBER_TOKEN both of these objects have a relatively polar orbit with one of them having approximately NUMBER_TOKEN degrees and the other one being in the opposite direction approximately NUMBER_TOKEN degrees which means that compared to the other objects in the solar system that have a relatively flat inclination these two objects have a relatively high inclination but at the same time they also seem to have a relatively high eccentricity as well and this does explain how they could acquire such an unusual orbit over time this is actually related to one of the older actually one of the oldest videos on the channel in regards to this a slightly less known phenomenon known as the kosai mechanism now that old video that should be popping up somewhere there is actually pretty low quality so my apologies for that but you can also read about this mechanism in one of the articles from the planetary society in the nutshell though it refers to the idea of orbital interactions between three different bodies and the body with very high eccentricity or very high inclination will actually end up exchanging them so basically high eccentricity becomes high inclination and eventually transforms back to high eccentricity but low inclination it's a very unusual phenomenon but i've simulated this using the universe sandbox back in a days and today it's a pretty well known phenomenon that explains a lot of high eccentricity or high inclination orbits such as various asteroids or minor planets but this of course only explains smaller objects so asteroids minor planets and possibly some really really small planets how do you explain a large planet such as for example a mini neptune or an object that's basically as massive as everything else in the star system and that's kind of the mystery of this unusual star system known as hd-NUMBER_TOKEN three confirmed exoplanets but one of them is in practically polar orbit and because all three planets also have relatively similar mass it's extremely difficult to explain at the moment it's practically impossible to explain but let's actually discuss first of all how this was discovered because this is also important so as i mentioned this system was already known to us from some of the previous studies it's about NUMBER_TOKEN light years away from us and the three planets here have a relatively close orbit to the parent star the farthest planet only takes about NUMBER_TOKEN days to complete a single orbit and that planet right in the middle with a mass of about seven masses of planet earth has an orbit of about eight and a half days that's the planet with that strange orbit now these planets were discovered using the transit method essentially as the planet moves right in front of the star it leaves a shadow behind that's visible using modern telescopes but it is the star also rotates and as it rotates it ends up producing what's known as the redshift and the blueshift
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