laws of the united states and the territory for hawaii within the said territory and whenever it becomes necessary he may call upon the commanders of the military and naval forces of the united states in the territory of hawaii or summon the posse committatus or call out the militia of the territory to prevent or suppress lawless violence invasion insurrection or rebellion in said territory and he may in case of rebellion or invasion or imminent danger thereof when the public safety requires it suspend the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus or place the territory or any part thereof under martial law until communication can be had with the president and his decision thereon made known the one sentence on the back page of the december NUMBER_TOKENth edition of the honolulu advertiser seems to miss the significance of the governor's proclamation hawaii was now under martial law and would be for the next three years the website of the history channel explains in the wake of japan's surprise attack on pearl harbor hawaiian civilians struggled to understand what had just happened and to make sense of the announcement that their island was now under martial law the military enforced a strict curfew took control of labor including wages working conditions and allocation of laborers they censored the press radio transmissions long-distance phone calls and outgoing mail hospitals food and liquor stores and even prostitution were under the direct control of the military all civilians except small children were registered fingerprinted and required to carry identification at all times rights of habeas corpus and trial by jury were suspended because nearly one third of the population was of japanese heritage hawaii could not afford internment is done on the mainland but the activities of japanese americans were specifically curtailed and people could be arrested without warrant or trial some NUMBER_TOKEN NUMBER_TOKEN were arrested in the first NUMBER_TOKEN hours after the attack and NUMBER_TOKEN NUMBER_TOKEN eventually arrested with some NUMBER_TOKEN interred or transferred to detention on the mainland some civil authority was returned in march NUMBER_TOKEN but martial law in hawaii did not end until october NUMBER_TOKEN. in the end none of these detainees was found guilty of any overt acts against u.s law none were accused of sabotage only a few were accused of espionage and only one a german citizen living in hawaii was found guilty of spying on behalf of the japanese he was sentenced to NUMBER_TOKEN years hard labor and deported to germany after the war the NUMBER_TOKEN united states supreme court case duncan versus kaharamaku avoided the issue of military rule but did rule that supplanting of trial by jury with military courts was unconstitutional december NUMBER_TOKEN NUMBER_TOKEN changed the nation and the world but no place was more changed by the japanese attack on pearl harbor than the territory of hawaii waking up on december NUMBER_TOKENth still under the threat of japanese attack told that saboteurs were in their miss in facing the uncertain future under military rule the islands were forever changed the thousands and thousands of military personnel that came through the islands during the war transformed the hawaiian culture and landscape and helped to give rise to the tourist culture that would then propel the territory towards statehood in NUMBER_TOKEN i hope you enjoyed this episode of the history guide short snippets of forgotten history and if
START_SELFPROMO_TOKEN i hope you enjoyed this episode of the history guide short snippets of forgotten history and if END_SELFPROMO_TOKEN