dividing lines between dynasties seem just a little bit random starting with jose is the most commonly accepted version but truth be told we are stumbling around in the dark a bit by that we mean that jose might not have been the first pharaoh after all according to some scholars there are several surviving artifacts such as the abardos king list the sikhara tablet and the turin king list that egyptologists rely on to establish the timeline of the pharaohs they all name the rulers in chronological order and literally no two are the same sometimes the order is different sometimes the names are different some mention five pharaohs in the third dynasty others only four it's all a big jumble that egyptologists have been trying to untangle for centuries but there are still gaps wide enough that you could park an affordable family-sized sedan in them especially when talking about the earliest dynasties now it seems joser inherited quite a wealthy and thriving kingdom he was able to enact multiple ambitious and expensive projects during his reign which lasted between two and three decades we have limited info on his military career but it seems that his main concern was to strengthen egypt's borders although he didn't shy away from the occasional scuffle with his neighbors during his reign jose expanded his borders both to the east into the sinai region and to the west into libya securing egypt's position as a dominant regional force during its early history one historian said that joseph's time as pharaoh was defined by the construction of architectural monuments agricultural developments trade and the rise of cities his greatest passion was to build stuff and we're not just talking about his pyramid joseph constructed many temples including one that stopped a deadly famine that was withering away his entire kingdom this story has survived through the ages thanks to the appropriately named famine stella a inscription found on sahel island near the city of aswan once the main southern frontier of egypt sure it was made during the ptolemaic dynasty which was NUMBER_TOKEN years after jose but well let's go with it anyway according to the stellar a severe drought caused seven years of famine in egypt during jose's reign children cried youngsters fell the hearts of the old were grieving courtiers were needy temples were shut shrines covered with dust everyone was in distress some could only crumple to the ground in desperate prayer while others resorted to theft and murder in order to get their hands on what little food was left meanwhile the pharaoh could only watch helplessly as his people withered away and died then one night joseph had a haunting dream where he received a visit from knum the god of fertility credited with the creation of the nile knum revealed to the pharaoh that the famine was punishment for the people of egypt for giving him the cold shoulder and allowing his temple on the island of elephantine to fall into disrepair joseph vowed to correct this injustice so he sailed to the island himself he didn't just spruce
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