after their original success on the planet in other words another way of looking at this is well these are basically the monuments of their success on our planet millions and billions of years ago but naturally monuments produced by physics produced by geology and produced through the interaction of various plates because the life made them slightly more slippery but this is of course something that's still happening on our planet today and will continue going on until the plate tectonics finally stop and interestingly in terms of the actual composition or at least the percentage of carbon by mass compared to some of the other rocks nearby it doesn't even require that much carbon the mountain ranges produced by this effect only required about NUMBER_TOKEN to maximum about NUMBER_TOKEN of carbon by mass all the mountain ranges investigated in the study only had approximately NUMBER_TOKEN of graphite by mass with certain mountain ranges having it up to about NUMBER_TOKEN and that means that a relatively small amount of biomass is required on a planet in order to produce all these monuments all of these mountains and this is of course really important because one day we might be able to discover something similar on some other exoplanet out there we might find mountain ranges and that would be a really interesting sign of potential discovery of historic life on those planets as well and so for example discovering a planet with plate tectonics and of course a lot of mountains on the surface is maybe a total sign that something similar happened there as well so geological formations as signs of potentially successful life in the past is technically a really really important discovery and something that we can use even in our own solar system although i guess it wouldn't really work on mars because mars never really had plate tectonics but if an object does have some sort of a plate activity it might help us identify potential life and so honestly this is one of the biggest and most surprising discoveries of the year at least to some extent and at least in geology hello wonderful person this is anton and today we're going to be discussing some new discoveries in regards to the magnetic field of planet earth and more specifically a discovery of a somewhat unusual and somewhat unexpected cycle that seems to change the magnetic field of our planet every NUMBER_TOKEN million years while at the same time changing how the magnetic field seems to flip around the planet and all this also explains a few other mysteries including one of the extinction events that happened a few hundred million years ago that now the scientists believe very likely happened because of the magnetic field so let's talk a little bit more about this starting with the extinction event itself so roughly around NUMBER_TOKEN million years ago and for a period of a few million years the earth experienced one of the big five extinction events this one known as the late devonian event but it wasn't just a single event it was actually several events that happened one after another with each of them affecting different species and different types of species differently and one of the more unusual and well-known victims of this extinction event was this strange-looking fish known as tiktaalik a fish that sort of looks like a mixture between a fish and a crocodile and was very likely one of those fish that learned how to get out of the water and to possibly even walk on land but what exactly caused these different extinctions during the period of several million years well it seems like there was no one single event or one single source as a matter of fact this is one of those somewhat mysterious extinction events that was very difficult to explain until i guess more
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