Task: Vigenère cipher

C: #include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <getopt.h>

#define NUMLETTERS 26
#define BUFSIZE 4096

char *get_input(void);

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    char const usage[] = "Usage: vinigere [-d] key";
    char sign = 1; 
    char const plainmsg[] = "Plain text:  ";
    char const cryptmsg[] = "Cipher text: ";
    bool encrypt = true;
    int opt;

    while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "d")) != -1) {
        switch (opt) {
        case 'd': 
            sign = -1;
            encrypt = false;
            break;
        default: 
            fprintf(stderr, "Unrecogized command line argument:'-%i'\n", opt);
            fprintf(stderr, "\n%s\n", usage);
            return 1;
        }
    }

    if (argc - optind != 1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s requires one argument and one only\n", argv[0]);
        fprintf(stderr, "\n%s\n", usage);
        return 1;
    }


    
    char const *const restrict key = argv[optind];
    size_t const keylen = strlen(key);
    char shifts[keylen];

    char const *restrict plaintext = NULL; 
    for (size_t i = 0; i < keylen; i++) {
        if (!(isalpha(key[i]))) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Invalid key\n");
            return 2;
        }
        char const charcase = (isupper(key[i])) ? 'A' : 'a';
        
        
        shifts[i] = (key[i] - charcase) * sign;
    }

    do {
        fflush(stdout);
        
        
        printf("%s", (encrypt) ? plainmsg : cryptmsg);
        plaintext = get_input();
        if (plaintext == NULL) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Error getting input\n");
            return 4;
        }
    } while (strcmp(plaintext, "") == 0); 

    size_t const plainlen = strlen(plaintext);

    char* const restrict ciphertext = calloc(plainlen + 1, sizeof *ciphertext);
    if (ciphertext == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Memory error\n");
        return 5;
    }

    for (size_t i = 0, j = 0; i < plainlen; i++) {
        
        if (!(isalpha(plaintext[i]))) {
            ciphertext[i] = plaintext[i];
            continue;
        }
        
        char const charcase = (isupper(plaintext[i])) ? 'A' : 'a';
        
        ciphertext[i] = ((plaintext[i] + shifts[j] - charcase + NUMLETTERS) % NUMLETTERS) + charcase;
        j = (j+1) % keylen;
    }
    ciphertext[plainlen] = '\0';
    printf("%s%s\n", (encrypt) ? cryptmsg : plainmsg, ciphertext);

    free(ciphertext);
    
    free((char*) plaintext);
    return 0;
}
char *get_input(void) {

    char *const restrict buf = malloc(BUFSIZE * sizeof (char));
    if (buf == NULL) {
        return NULL;
    }

    fgets(buf, BUFSIZE, stdin);

    
    size_t const len = strlen(buf);
    if (buf[len - 1] == '\n') buf[len - 1] = '\0';

    return buf;
}










Fortran: program vigenere_cipher
  implicit none
  
  character(80) :: plaintext = "Beware the Jabberwock, my son
                   ciphertext = ""
  character(14) :: key = "VIGENERECIPHER"


  call encrypt(plaintext, ciphertext, key)
  write(*,*) plaintext
  write(*,*) ciphertext
  call decrypt(ciphertext, plaintext, key)
  write(*,*) plaintext

contains

subroutine encrypt(intxt, outtxt, k)
  character(*), intent(in)  :: intxt, k
  character(*), intent(out) :: outtxt
  integer :: chrn
  integer :: cp = 1, kp = 1
  integer :: i
  
  outtxt = ""
  do i = 1, len(trim(intxt))
    select case(intxt(i:i))
      case ("A":"Z", "a":"z")
        select case(intxt(i:i))
          case("a":"z")
            chrn = iachar(intxt(i:i)) - 32
   
          case default
            chrn = iachar(intxt(i:i))
                         
        end select
     
        outtxt(cp:cp) = achar(modulo(chrn + iachar(k(kp:kp)), 26) + 65)
        cp = cp + 1
        kp = kp + 1
        if(kp > len(k)) kp = kp - len(k)
 
    end select
  end do
end subroutine

subroutine decrypt(intxt, outtxt, k)
  character(*), intent(in)  :: intxt, k
  character(*), intent(out) :: outtxt
  integer :: chrn
  integer :: cp = 1, kp = 1
  integer :: i
  
  outtxt = ""
  do i = 1, len(trim(intxt))
    chrn = iachar(intxt(i:i))
    outtxt(cp:cp) = achar(modulo(chrn - iachar(k(kp:kp)), 26) + 65)
    cp = cp + 1
    kp = kp + 1
    if(kp > len(k)) kp = kp - len(k)
   end do
end subroutine
end program