Task: Kronecker product


C++: #include <cassert>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

template <typename scalar_type> class matrix {
public:
    matrix(size_t rows, size_t columns)
        : rows_(rows), columns_(columns), elements_(rows * columns) {}
    matrix(size_t rows, size_t columns,
        const std::initializer_list<std::initializer_list<scalar_type>>& values)
        : rows_(rows), columns_(columns), elements_(rows * columns) {
        assert(values.size() <= rows_);
        size_t i = 0;
        for (const auto& row : values) {
            assert(row.size() <= columns_);
            std::copy(begin(row), end(row), &elements_[i]);
            i += columns_;
        }
    }
    size_t rows() const { return rows_; }
    size_t columns() const { return columns_; }

    const scalar_type& operator()(size_t row, size_t column) const {
        assert(row < rows_);
        assert(column < columns_);
        return elements_[row * columns_ + column];
    }
    scalar_type& operator()(size_t row, size_t column) {
        assert(row < rows_);
        assert(column < columns_);
        return elements_[row * columns_ + column];
    }
private:
    size_t rows_;
    size_t columns_;
    std::vector<scalar_type> elements_;
};


template <typename scalar_type>
matrix<scalar_type> kronecker_product(const matrix<scalar_type>& a,
                                      const matrix<scalar_type>& b) {
    size_t arows = a.rows();
    size_t acolumns = a.columns();
    size_t brows = b.rows();
    size_t bcolumns = b.columns();
    matrix<scalar_type> c(arows * brows, acolumns * bcolumns);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < arows; ++i)
        for (size_t j = 0; j < acolumns; ++j)
            for (size_t k = 0; k < brows; ++k)
                for (size_t l = 0; l < bcolumns; ++l)
                    c(i*brows + k, j*bcolumns + l) = a(i, j) * b(k, l);
    return c;
}

template <typename scalar_type>
void print(std::wostream& out, const matrix<scalar_type>& a) {
    const wchar_t* box_top_left = L"\x250c";
    const wchar_t* box_top_right = L"\x2510";
    const wchar_t* box_bottom_left = L"\x2514";
    const wchar_t* box_bottom_right = L"\x2518";
    const wchar_t* box_vertical = L"\x2502";
    const wchar_t nl = L'\n';
    const wchar_t space = L' ';
    const int width = 2;

    size_t rows = a.rows(), columns = a.columns();
    std::wstring spaces((width + 1) * columns, space);
    out << box_top_left << spaces << box_top_right << nl;
    for (size_t row = 0; row < rows; ++row) {
        out << box_vertical;
        for (size_t column = 0; column < columns; ++column)
            out << std::setw(width) << a(row, column) << space;
        out << box_vertical << nl;
    }
    out << box_bottom_left << spaces << box_bottom_right << nl;
}

void test1() {
    matrix<int> matrix1(2, 2, {{1,2}, {3,4}});
    matrix<int> matrix2(2, 2, {{0,5}, {6,7}});
    std::wcout << L"Test case 1:\n";
    print(std::wcout, kronecker_product(matrix1, matrix2));
}

void test2() {
    matrix<int> matrix1(3, 3, {{0,1,0}, {1,1,1}, {0,1,0}});
    matrix<int> matrix2(3, 4, {{1,1,1,1}, {1,0,0,1}, {1,1,1,1}});
    std::wcout << L"Test case 2:\n";
    print(std::wcout, kronecker_product(matrix1, matrix2));
}

int main() {
    std::wcout.imbue(std::locale(""));
    test1();
    test2();
    return 0;
}


C#: using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using static System.Linq.Enumerable;

public static class KroneckerProduct
{
    public static void Main() {
        int[,] left = { {1, 2}, {3, 4} };
        int[,] right = { {0, 5}, {6, 7} };
        Print(Multiply(left, right));

        left = new [,] { {0, 1, 0}, {1, 1, 1}, {0, 1, 0} };
        right = new [,] { {1, 1, 1, 1}, {1, 0, 0, 1}, {1, 1, 1, 1} };
        Print(Multiply(left, right));
    }

    static int[,] Multiply(int[,] left, int[,] right) {
        (int lRows, int lColumns) = (left.GetLength(0), left.GetLength(1));
        (int rRows, int rColumns) = (right.GetLength(0), right.GetLength(1));
        int[,] result = new int[lRows * rRows, lColumns * rColumns];

        foreach (var (r, c) in from r in Range(0, lRows) from c in Range(0, lColumns) select (r, c)) {
            Copy(r * rRows, c * rColumns, left[r, c]);
        }
        return result;
        
        void Copy(int startRow, int startColumn, int multiplier) {
            foreach (var (r, c) in from r in Range(0, rRows) from c in Range(0, rColumns) select (r, c)) {
                result[startRow + r, startColumn + c] = right[r, c] * multiplier;
            }
        }
    }

    static void Print(int[,] matrix) {
        (int rows, int columns) = (matrix.GetLength(0), matrix.GetLength(1));
        int width = matrix.Cast<int>().Select(LengthOf).Max();
        for (int row = 0; row < rows; row++) {
            Console.WriteLine("| " + string.Join(" ", Range(0, columns).Select(column => (matrix[row, column] + "").PadLeft(width, ' '))) + " |");
        }
        Console.WriteLine();
    }

    private static int LengthOf(int i) {
        if (i < 0) return LengthOf(-i) + 1;
        int length = 0;
        while (i > 0) {
            length++;
            i /= 10;
        }
        return length;
    }

}