Task: Convex hull

C: #include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
 
typedef struct tPoint {
    int x, y;
} Point;
 
bool ccw(const Point *a, const Point *b, const Point *c) {
    return (b->x - a->x) * (c->y - a->y)
         > (b->y - a->y) * (c->x - a->x);
}
 
int comparePoints(const void *lhs, const void *rhs) {
    const Point* lp = lhs;
    const Point* rp = rhs;
    if (lp->x < rp->x)
        return -1;
    if (rp->x < lp->x)
        return 1;
    if (lp->y < rp->y)
        return -1;
    if (rp->y < lp->y)
        return 1;
    return 0;
}

void fatal(const char* message) {
    fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", message);
    exit(1);
}

void* xmalloc(size_t n) {
    void* ptr = malloc(n);
    if (ptr == NULL)
        fatal("Out of memory");
    return ptr;
}

void* xrealloc(void* p, size_t n) {
    void* ptr = realloc(p, n);
    if (ptr == NULL)
        fatal("Out of memory");
    return ptr;
}

void printPoints(const Point* points, int len) {
    printf("[");
    if (len > 0) {
        const Point* ptr = points;
        const Point* end = points + len;
        printf("(%d, %d)", ptr->x, ptr->y);
        ++ptr;
        for (; ptr < end; ++ptr)
            printf(", (%d, %d)", ptr->x, ptr->y);
    }
    printf("]");
}
 
Point* convexHull(Point p[], int len, int* hsize) {
    if (len == 0) {
        *hsize = 0;
        return NULL;
    }

    int i, size = 0, capacity = 4;
    Point* hull = xmalloc(capacity * sizeof(Point));

    qsort(p, len, sizeof(Point), comparePoints);
 
    
    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
        while (size >= 2 && !ccw(&hull[size - 2], &hull[size - 1], &p[i]))
            --size;
        if (size == capacity) {
            capacity *= 2;
            hull = xrealloc(hull, capacity * sizeof(Point));
        }
        assert(size >= 0 && size < capacity);
        hull[size++] = p[i];
    }
 
    
    int t = size + 1;
    for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        while (size >= t && !ccw(&hull[size - 2], &hull[size - 1], &p[i]))
            --size;
        if (size == capacity) {
            capacity *= 2;
            hull = xrealloc(hull, capacity * sizeof(Point));
        }
        assert(size >= 0 && size < capacity);
        hull[size++] = p[i];
    }
    --size;
    assert(size >= 0);
    hull = xrealloc(hull, size * sizeof(Point));
    *hsize = size;
    return hull;
}
 
int main() {
    Point points[] = {
        {16,  3}, {12, 17}, { 0,  6}, {-4, -6}, {16,  6},
        {16, -7}, {16, -3}, {17, -4}, { 5, 19}, {19, -8},
        { 3, 16}, {12, 13}, { 3, -4}, {17,  5}, {-3, 15},
        {-3, -9}, { 0, 11}, {-9, -3}, {-4, -2}, {12, 10}
    };
    int hsize;
    Point* hull = convexHull(points, sizeof(points)/sizeof(Point), &hsize);
    printf("Convex Hull: ");
    printPoints(hull, hsize);
    printf("\n");
    free(hull);
 
    return 0;
}








VB: Imports ConvexHull

Module Module1

    Class Point : Implements IComparable(Of Point)
        Public Property X As Integer
        Public Property Y As Integer

        Public Sub New(x As Integer, y As Integer)
            Me.X = x
            Me.Y = y
        End Sub

        Public Function CompareTo(other As Point) As Integer Implements IComparable(Of Point).CompareTo
            Return X.CompareTo(other.X)
        End Function

        Public Overrides Function ToString() As String
            Return String.Format("({0}, {1})", X, Y)
        End Function
    End Class

    Function ConvexHull(p As List(Of Point)) As List(Of Point)
        If p.Count = 0 Then
            Return New List(Of Point)
        End If
        p.Sort()
        Dim h As New List(Of Point)

        
        For Each pt In p
            While h.Count >= 2 AndAlso Not Ccw(h(h.Count - 2), h(h.Count - 1), pt)
                h.RemoveAt(h.Count - 1)
            End While
            h.Add(pt)
        Next

        
        Dim t = h.Count + 1
        For i = p.Count - 1 To 0 Step -1
            Dim pt = p(i)
            While h.Count >= t AndAlso Not Ccw(h(h.Count - 2), h(h.Count - 1), pt)
                h.RemoveAt(h.Count - 1)
            End While
            h.Add(pt)
        Next

        h.RemoveAt(h.Count - 1)
        Return h
    End Function

    Function Ccw(a As Point, b As Point, c As Point) As Boolean
        Return ((b.X - a.X) * (c.Y - a.Y)) > ((b.Y - a.Y) * (c.X - a.X))
    End Function

    Sub Main()
        Dim points As New List(Of Point) From {
            New Point(16, 3),
            New Point(12, 17),
            New Point(0, 6),
            New Point(-4, -6),
            New Point(16, 6),
            New Point(16, -7),
            New Point(16, -3),
            New Point(17, -4),
            New Point(5, 19),
            New Point(19, -8),
            New Point(3, 16),
            New Point(12, 13),
            New Point(3, -4),
            New Point(17, 5),
            New Point(-3, 15),
            New Point(-3, -9),
            New Point(0, 11),
            New Point(-9, -3),
            New Point(-4, -2),
            New Point(12, 10)
        }

        Dim hull = ConvexHull(points)
        Dim it = hull.GetEnumerator()
        Console.Write("Convex Hull: [")
        If it.MoveNext() Then
            Console.Write(it.Current)
        End If
        While it.MoveNext()
            Console.Write(", {0}", it.Current)
        End While
        Console.WriteLine("]")
    End Sub

End Module