Task: Solve a Hopido puzzle



C#: using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using static System.Console;
using static System.Math;
using static System.Linq.Enumerable;

public class Solver
{
    private static readonly (int dx, int dy)[]
        
        hopidoMoves = {(-3,0),(0,-3),(0,3),(3,0),(-2,-2),(-2,2),(2,-2),(2,2)},

    private (int dx, int dy)[] moves;
        
    public static void Main()
    {
        Print(new Solver(hopidoMoves).Solve(false,
            ".00.00.",
            "0000000",
            "0000000",
            ".00000.",
            "..000..",
            "...0..."
        ));
    }

    public Solver(params (int dx, int dy)[] moves) => this.moves = moves;

    public int[,] Solve(bool circular, params string[] puzzle)
    {
        var (board, given, count) = Parse(puzzle);
        return Solve(board, given, count, circular);
    }

    public int[,] Solve(bool circular, int[,] puzzle)
    {
        var (board, given, count) = Parse(puzzle);
        return Solve(board, given, count, circular);
    }

    private int[,] Solve(int[,] board, BitArray given, int count, bool circular)
    {
        var (height, width) = (board.GetLength(0), board.GetLength(1));
        bool solved = false;
        for (int x = 0; x < height && !solved; x++) {
            solved = Range(0, width).Any(y => Solve(board, given, circular, (height, width), (x, y), count, (x, y), 1));
            if (solved) return board;
        }
        return null;
    }

    private bool Solve(int[,] board, BitArray given, bool circular,
        (int h, int w) size, (int x, int y) start, int last, (int x, int y) current, int n)
    {
        var (x, y) = current;
        if (x < 0 || x >= size.h || y < 0 || y >= size.w) return false;
        if (board[x, y] < 0) return false;
        if (given[n - 1]) {
            if (board[x, y] != n) return false;
        } else if (board[x, y] > 0) return false;
        board[x, y] = n;
        if (n == last) {
            if (!circular || AreNeighbors(start, current)) return true;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < moves.Length; i++) {
            var move = moves[i];
            if (Solve(board, given, circular, size, start, last, (x + move.dx, y + move.dy), n + 1)) return true;
        }
        if (!given[n - 1]) board[x, y] = 0;
        return false;

        bool AreNeighbors((int x, int y) p1, (int x, int y) p2) => moves.Any(m => (p2.x + m.dx, p2.y + m.dy).Equals(p1));
    }

    private static (int[,] board, BitArray given, int count) Parse(string[] input)
    {
        (int height, int width) = (input.Length, input[0].Length);
        int[,] board = new int[height, width];
        int count = 0;
        for (int x = 0; x < height; x++) {
            string line = input[x];
            for (int y = 0; y < width; y++) {
                board[x, y] = y < line.Length && char.IsDigit(line[y]) ? line[y] - '0' : -1;
                if (board[x, y] >= 0) count++;
            }
        }
        BitArray given = Scan(board, count, height, width);
        return (board, given, count);
    }

    private static (int[,] board, BitArray given, int count) Parse(int[,] input)
    {
        (int height, int width) = (input.GetLength(0), input.GetLength(1));
        int[,] board = new int[height, width];
        int count = 0;
        for (int x = 0; x < height; x++)
            for (int y = 0; y < width; y++)
                if ((board[x, y] = input[x, y]) >= 0) count++;
        BitArray given = Scan(board, count, height, width);
        return (board, given, count);
    }

    private static BitArray Scan(int[,] board, int count, int height, int width)
    {
        var given = new BitArray(count + 1);
        for (int x = 0; x < height; x++)
            for (int y = 0; y < width; y++)
                if (board[x, y] > 0) given[board[x, y] - 1] = true;
        return given;
    }

    private static void Print(int[,] board)
    {
        if (board == null) {
            WriteLine("No solution");
        } else {
            int w = board.Cast<int>().Where(i => i > 0).Max(i => (int?)Ceiling(Log10(i+1))) ?? 1;
            string e = new string('-', w);
            foreach (int x in Range(0, board.GetLength(0)))
                WriteLine(string.Join(" ", Range(0, board.GetLength(1))
                    .Select(y => board[x, y] < 0 ? e : board[x, y].ToString().PadLeft(w, ' '))));
        }
        WriteLine();
    }

}


Go: package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "sort"
)

var board = []string{
    ".00.00.",
    "0000000",
    "0000000",
    ".00000.",
    "..000..",
    "...0...",
}

var moves = [][2]int{
    {-3, 0}, {0, 3}, {3, 0}, {0, -3},
    {2, 2}, {2, -2}, {-2, 2}, {-2, -2},
}

var grid [][]int

var totalToFill = 0

func solve(r, c, count int) bool {
    if count > totalToFill {
        return true
    }
    nbrs := neighbors(r, c)
    if len(nbrs) == 0 && count != totalToFill {
        return false
    }
    sort.Slice(nbrs, func(i, j int) bool {
        return nbrs[i][2] < nbrs[j][2]
    })

    for _, nb := range nbrs {
        r = nb[0]
        c = nb[1]
        grid[r][c] = count
        if solve(r, c, count+1) {
            return true
        }
        grid[r][c] = 0
    }
    return false
}

func neighbors(r, c int) (nbrs [][3]int) {
    for _, m := range moves {
        x := m[0]
        y := m[1]
        if grid[r+y][c+x] == 0 {
            num := countNeighbors(r+y, c+x) - 1
            nbrs = append(nbrs, [3]int{r + y, c + x, num})
        }
    }
    return
}

func countNeighbors(r, c int) int {
    num := 0
    for _, m := range moves {
        if grid[r+m[1]][c+m[0]] == 0 {
            num++
        }
    }
    return num
}

func printResult() {
    for _, row := range grid {
        for _, i := range row {
            if i == -1 {
                fmt.Print("   ")
            } else {
                fmt.Printf("%2d ", i)
            }
        }
        fmt.Println()
    }
}

func main() {
    nRows := len(board) + 6
    nCols := len(board[0]) + 6
    grid = make([][]int, nRows)
    for r := 0; r < nRows; r++ {
        grid[r] = make([]int, nCols)
        for c := 0; c < nCols; c++ {
            grid[r][c] = -1
        }
        for c := 3; c < nCols-3; c++ {
            if r >= 3 && r < nRows-3 {
                if board[r-3][c-3] == '0' {
                    grid[r][c] = 0
                    totalToFill++
                }
            }
        }
    }
    pos, r, c := -1, 0, 0
    for {
        for {
            pos++
            r = pos / nCols
            c = pos % nCols
            if grid[r][c] != -1 {
                break
            }
        }
        grid[r][c] = 1
        if solve(r, c, 2) {
            break
        }
        grid[r][c] = 0
        if pos >= nRows*nCols {
            break
        }
    }
    printResult()
}