Liberal_Party_of_Australia

qas: question: What is economic liberalism sometimes also referred to?
answers: text: New Right
is_impossible: no

question: Does the Liberal Party of Australia consider itself socialist or anti-socialist?
answers: text: anti-socialist
is_impossible: no

question: Who was the Liberal Party of Australia's longest-serving leader?
answers: text: Robert Menzies
is_impossible: no

question: Who founded Australia's liberal party?
answers: text: Robert Menzies
is_impossible: no

question: What is communism also referred to?
is_impossible: yes

question: Does the Liberal Party of Australia consider itself liberal or anti-socialist?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was the Liberal Party of Australia's longest-serving socialist?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who founded communism in Australia?
is_impossible: yes

question: What has Australia's middle class now support more of?
is_impossible: yes

question: To whom did Abbott lose the party to in 2008?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was the first indigenous Australian elected to the House?
is_impossible: yes

question: What discussion proved an example of the difficulty of explaining what governments were and were not included in the Goods and Services Tax
is_impossible: yes
context: The contemporary Liberal Party generally advocates economic liberalism (see New Right). Historically, the party has supported a higher degree of economic protectionism and interventionism than it has in recent decades. However, from its foundation the party has identified itself as anti-socialist. Strong opposition to socialism and communism in Australia and abroad was one of its founding principles. The party's founder and longest-serving leader Robert Menzies envisaged that Australia's middle class would form its main constituency.

qas: question: Whom are referred to as "The forgoten people?"
answers: text: the middle class
is_impossible: no

question: In what year were the Australian Democrats founded?
answers: text: 1977
is_impossible: no

question: Which former liberal founded the Australian Democrats in 1977?
answers: text: Don Chipp
is_impossible: no

question: Whom are referred to as voters?
is_impossible: yes

question: In what year was the Liberal Party founded?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which former liberal founded the Liberal Party in 1977?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who are 16 of 20 of the middle class electorates held by?
is_impossible: yes

question: When did a left wing federal electorate emerge that no longer voted liberal?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which group is currently known as the Australia party?
is_impossible: yes

question: How many of the nations poor were provided education scholarships?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which countries did Fraser maintain close relationships with?
is_impossible: yes
context: Throughout their history, the Liberals have been in electoral terms largely the party of the middle class (whom Menzies, in the era of the party's formation called "The forgotten people"), though such class-based voting patterns are no longer as clear as they once were. In the 1970s a left-wing middle class emerged that no longer voted Liberal.[citation needed] One effect of this was the success of a breakaway party, the Australian Democrats, founded in 1977 by former Liberal minister Don Chipp and members of minor liberal parties; other members of the left-leaning section of the middle-class became Labor supporters.[citation needed] On the other hand, the Liberals have done increasingly well in recent years among socially conservative working-class voters.[citation needed]However the Liberal Party's key support base remains the upper-middle classes; 16 of the 20 richest federal electorates are held by the Liberals, most of which are safe seats. In country areas they either compete with or have a truce with the Nationals, depending on various factors.

qas: question: Did Mezies and Malcom Fraser raise, mainain, or lower tariff levels?
answers: text: generally maintain
is_impossible: no

question: Which group is currently known as the "National Party"?
answers: text: the Country Party
is_impossible: no

question: What is the "New Right"?
answers: text: a conservative liberal group who advocated market deregulation, privatisation of public utilities, reductions in the size of government programs and tax cuts
is_impossible: no

question: Were utilities publically or privately owned in Menzie's economy?
answers: text: publicly
is_impossible: no

question: Did Mezies and Malcom Fraser raise, maintain, or lower market levels?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which group is currently known as the Australia party?
is_impossible: yes

question: Were tariffs publicly or privately owned in Menzie's economy?
is_impossible: yes

question: When did the Malcolm Fraser come to be influenced by the New Right?
is_impossible: yes

question: Where did Fraser preside over a fairly regulated economy?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which parties merged in Queensland in 2008 to form the new Liberal National Party of Queensland?
is_impossible: yes

question: When did Whitlam win the election?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who became the first indigienous liberal in Parliament?
is_impossible: yes
context: Domestically, Menzies presided over a fairly regulated economy in which utilities were publicly owned, and commercial activity was highly regulated through centralised wage-fixing and high tariff protection. Liberal leaders from Menzies to Malcolm Fraser generally maintained Australia's high tariff levels. At that time the Liberals' coalition partner, the Country Party, the older of the two in the coalition (now known as the "National Party"), had considerable influence over the government's economic policies. It was not until the late 1970s and through their period out of power federally in the 1980s that the party came to be influenced by what was known as the "New Right" – a conservative liberal group who advocated market deregulation, privatisation of public utilities, reductions in the size of government programs and tax cuts.

qas: question: Which group was predecessor to the Liberals?
answers: text: United Australia Party (UAP)
is_impossible: no

question: From where did the ideology of the Liberals stem?
answers: text: anti-Labor groupings in the first Commonwealth parliaments
is_impossible: no

question: What did the Commonwealth Liberal Party merge to form?
answers: text: Nationalist Party of Australia
is_impossible: no

question: In what year was the Nationalist Party of Australia formed?
answers: text: 1917
is_impossible: no

question: Which group was predecessor to the Free Trade Party?
is_impossible: yes

question: from where did the prominence of the Liberals stem?
is_impossible: yes

question: What did the UAP merge to form?
is_impossible: yes

question: In what year was the prime minister party formed?
is_impossible: yes

question: When did Billy Hughes fuse the Free Trade Party and the Protectionist Party?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which politician purposely created strong state divisions to a weaker national party?
is_impossible: yes

question: How many consecutive losses has David Tonkin faced since the 2002 election?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which countries did Fraser maintain close relationships with?
is_impossible: yes
context: The Liberals' immediate predecessor was the United Australia Party (UAP). More broadly, the Liberal Party's ideological ancestry stretched back to the anti-Labor groupings in the first Commonwealth parliaments. The Commonwealth Liberal Party was a fusion of the Free Trade Party and the Protectionist Party in 1909 by the second prime minister, Alfred Deakin, in response to Labor's growing electoral prominence. The Commonwealth Liberal Party merged with several Labor dissidents (including Billy Hughes) to form the Nationalist Party of Australia in 1917. That party, in turn, merged with Labor dissidents to form the UAP in 1931.

qas: question: What economic event influenced the 1931 Election?
answers: text: the Great Depression
is_impossible: no

question: How many consecutive elections did the Lyons Government win?
answers: text: three
is_impossible: no

question: What event caused Robert Menzies to become Prime Minister?
answers: text: Lyons' death in 1939
is_impossible: no

question: What years did Robert Menzies serve as Prime Minister?
answers: text: 1939 to 1941
is_impossible: no

question: What economic event influenced the 1943 election?
is_impossible: yes

question: How many conservative elections did Robert Menzies win?
is_impossible: yes

question: What event caused Billy Hughes to become Prime Minister?
is_impossible: yes

question: What years did Billy Hughes serve as Prime Minister?
is_impossible: yes

question: What was used to bring the UAP out of the Depression?
is_impossible: yes

question: What helped the Liberals to victory in December 1958?
is_impossible: yes

question: Where was the signing of the NATO Treaty held in 1951?
is_impossible: yes

question: How many state divisions exist in the Liberal Party's organisation?
is_impossible: yes
context: The UAP had been formed as a new conservative alliance in 1931, with Labor defector Joseph Lyons as its leader. The stance of Lyons and other Labor rebels against the more radical proposals of the Labor movement to deal the Great Depression had attracted the support of prominent Australian conservatives. With Australia still suffering the effects of the Great Depression, the newly formed party won a landslide victory at the 1931 Election, and the Lyons Government went on to win three consecutive elections. It largely avoided Keynesian pump-priming and pursued a more conservative fiscal policy of debt reduction and balanced budgets as a means of stewarding Australia out of the Depression. Lyons' death in 1939 saw Robert Menzies assume the Prime Ministership on the eve of war. Menzies served as Prime Minister from 1939 to 1941 but resigned as leader of the minority World War II government amidst an unworkable parliamentary majority. The UAP, led by Billy Hughes, disintegrated after suffering a heavy defeat in the 1943 election.

qas: question: To what are Menzies' "Forgotten People" radio talks compared to?
answers: text: Franklin D. Roosevelt's "fireside chats"
is_impossible: no

question: How did Roosevelt refer to the middle class?
answers: text: "backbone of Australia"
is_impossible: no

question: Was the meeting at Canberra a group of people supporting or opposed to the Australian Labor Party?
answers: text: opposed
is_impossible: no

question: Where was the second anti-Labor Party held in 1944?
answers: text: Albury, New South Wales
is_impossible: no

question: To what are Menzies' "Forgotten People" political parties compared to?
is_impossible: yes

question: Was the meeting at Canberra a group of people supporting or opposed to Franklin D. Roosevelt?
is_impossible: yes

question: Where was the second fireside chat held in 1944?
is_impossible: yes

question: How did Roosevelt refer to political parties?
is_impossible: yes

question: From when did Roosevelt maintain his public profile with "The Forgotten People"?
is_impossible: yes

question: What was a key political topic in the 1950s and 1960s?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who led the new Liberal National Party of Queensland through the election in March 2012?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which countries did Gorton maintain close relationships with?
is_impossible: yes
context: Menzies called a conference of conservative parties and other groups opposed to the ruling Australian Labor Party, which met in Canberra on 13 October 1944 and again in Albury, New South Wales in December 1944. From 1942 onward Menzies had maintained his public profile with his series of "The Forgotten People" radio talks–similar to Franklin D. Roosevelt's "fireside chats" of the 1930s–in which he spoke of the middle class as the "backbone of Australia" but as nevertheless having been "taken for granted" by political parties.

qas: question: Where was the formation of the Liberal party officially announced?
answers: text: Sydney Town Hall
is_impossible: no

question: Where did the name "Liberal" come from?
answers: text: in honour of the old Commonwealth Liberal Party
is_impossible: no

question: What was the name of the Liberal Party's youth division?
answers: text: Young Liberals
is_impossible: no

question: How many members were in the Young Liberals by Sept 1945?
answers: text: more than 90,000
is_impossible: no

question: Where was the formation of the UAP party officially announced?
is_impossible: yes

question: Where did the name "Young Nationalists" come from?
is_impossible: yes

question: What was the name of the Liberal Party's conservative division?
is_impossible: yes

question: How many members were in the UAP by Sept 1945?
is_impossible: yes

question: What was a powerful liberal women's organization?
is_impossible: yes

question: Was the meeting at Canberra a group of people supporting or opposed to Franklin D. Roosevelt?
is_impossible: yes

question: What is communism also referred to?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who is the Australian Liberal Party's leader?
is_impossible: yes
context: The formation of the party was formally announced at Sydney Town Hall on 31 August 1945. It took the name "Liberal" in honour of the old Commonwealth Liberal Party. The new party was dominated by the remains of the old UAP; with few exceptions, the UAP party room became the Liberal party room. The Australian Women's National League, a powerful conservative women's organisation, also merged with the new party. A conservative youth group Menzies had set up, the Young Nationalists, was also merged into the new party. It became the nucleus of the Liberal Party's youth division, the Young Liberals. By September 1945 there were more than 90,000 members, many of whom had not previously been members of any political party.

qas: question: How many years did the Liberals stay in office after the 1949 election?
answers: text: a record 23 years
is_impossible: no

question: What promises did Menzies make in the 1949 election?
answers: text: end rationing of butter, tea and petrol and provided a five-shilling endowment for first-born children
is_impossible: no

question: During what period did Australia experience long-term economic growth?
answers: text: the post-war boom period of the Menzies Government (1949–1966)
is_impossible: no

question: How many years did the Liberals stay in office after the 1966 election?
is_impossible: yes

question: What promises did Menzies make in the 1966 election?
is_impossible: yes

question: During what period did Australia experience long-term legal reforms regarding children?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was an ashamed anglophile?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who fulfilled his promised at the 1966 election?
is_impossible: yes

question: Why did the Soviet Union lead a coal strike?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which continent did Gorton wish to pursue closer ties with?
is_impossible: yes

question: What has Australia's middle class now support more of?
is_impossible: yes
context: After an initial loss to Labor at the 1946 election, Menzies led the Liberals to victory at the 1949 election, and the party stayed in office for a record 23 years—still the longest unbroken run in government at the federal level. Australia experienced prolonged economic growth during the post-war boom period of the Menzies Government (1949–1966) and Menzies fulfilled his promises at the 1949 election to end rationing of butter, tea and petrol and provided a five-shilling endowment for first-born children, as well as for others. While himself an unashamed anglophile, Menzies' government concluded a number of major defence and trade treaties that set Australia on its post-war trajectory out of Britain's orbit; opened Australia to multi-ethnic immigration; and instigated important legal reforms regarding Aboriginal Australians.

qas: question: What was a key political topic in the 1950s and 1960s?
answers: text: Anti-communism
is_impossible: no

question: What actions showed Menzies' anti-Communist beliefs?
answers: text: committed troops to the Korean War and attempted to ban the Communist Party of Australia in an unsuccessful referendum during the course of that war
is_impossible: no

question: Over what did the Labor party divide?
answers: text: concerns about the influence of the Communist Party over the Trade Union movement,
is_impossible: no

question: What was a key political topic of the Democratic Labor Party?
is_impossible: yes

question: What actions showed Stalin anti-Communist beliefs?
is_impossible: yes

question: Over what did the Soviet Union divide?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who committed troops to the Communist War?
is_impossible: yes

question: Why did the Soviet Union lead a coal strike?
is_impossible: yes

question: What was the name of the Liberal Party's youth division?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which countries did Gorton maintain close relationships with?
is_impossible: yes

question: Did Mezies and Malcom Fraser raise, mainain, or lower tariff levels?
is_impossible: yes
context: Menzies came to power the year the Communist Party of Australia had led a coal strike to improve pit miners' working conditions. That same year Joseph Stalin's Soviet Union exploded its first atomic bomb, and Mao Zedong led the Communist Party of China to power in China; a year later came the invasion of South Korea by Communist North Korea. Anti-communism was a key political issue of the 1950s and 1960s. Menzies was firmly anti-Communist; he committed troops to the Korean War and attempted to ban the Communist Party of Australia in an unsuccessful referendum during the course of that war. The Labor Party split over concerns about the influence of the Communist Party over the Trade Union movement, leading to the foundation of the breakaway Democratic Labor Party whose preferences supported the Liberal and Country parties.

qas: question: Which treaty was Australia's first military alliance outside of the British Commonwealth?
answers: text: ANZUS Treaty
is_impossible: no

question: Which areas were involved in the ANZUS Treaty?
answers: text: Australia, New Zealand and the United States
is_impossible: no

question: Where was the signing of the ANZUS Treaty held in 1951?
answers: text: San Francisco
is_impossible: no

question: What does the acronym SEATO stand for?
answers: text: South East Asia Collective Defence Treaty
is_impossible: no

question: Which group is a counterpart to NATO?
answers: text: the South East Asia Collective Defence Treaty (SEATO)
is_impossible: no

question: Which treaty was Austrialia's first military alliance outside of NATO?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which areas were involved with the NATO Treaty?
is_impossible: yes

question: Where was the signing of the NATO Treaty held in 1951?
is_impossible: yes

question: What does the acronym did Percy Spender sign?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which group is a counterpart to External Affairs?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which politician purposely created strong state divisions to a weaker national party?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who is the Australian Liberal Party's leader?
is_impossible: yes

question: What did the Immigration Act's entry permit system include?
is_impossible: yes
context: In 1951, during the early stages of the Cold War, Menzies spoke of the possibility of a looming third world war. The Menzies Government entered Australia's first formal military alliance outside of the British Commonwealth with the signing of the ANZUS Treaty between Australia, New Zealand and the United States in San Francisco in 1951. External Affairs Minister Percy Spender had put forward the proposal to work along similar lines to the NATO Alliance. The Treaty declared that any attack on one of the three parties in the Pacific area would be viewed as a threat to each, and that the common danger would be met in accordance with each nation's constitutional processes. In 1954 the Menzies Government signed the South East Asia Collective Defence Treaty (SEATO) as a South East Asian counterpart to NATO. That same year, Soviet diplomat Vladimir Petrov and his wife defected from the Soviet embassy in Canberra, revealing evidence of Russian spying activities; Menzies called a Royal Commission to investigate.

qas: question: What did the Immigration Act's entry permit system include?
answers: text: economic and skills criteria
is_impossible: no

question: Which ruling allowed indigenous Australians the right to vote?
answers: text: Menzies' Commonwealth Electoral Act
is_impossible: no

question: Who was the first women to serve on the Australian Cabinet?
answers: text: Dame Enid Lyons
is_impossible: no

question: How many state divisions exist in the Liberal Party's organisation?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was Turnbull elected to replace?
is_impossible: yes

question: How many conservative elections did Robert Menzies win?
is_impossible: yes
context: Menzies continued the expanded immigration program established under Chifley, and took important steps towards dismantling the White Australia Policy. In the early 1950s, external affairs minister Percy Spender helped to establish the Colombo Plan for providing economic aid to underdeveloped nations in Australia's region. Under that scheme many future Asian leaders studied in Australia. In 1958 the government replaced the Immigration Act's arbitrarily applied European language dictation test with an entry permit system, that reflected economic and skills criteria. In 1962, Menzies' Commonwealth Electoral Act provided that all Indigenous Australians should have the right to enrol and vote at federal elections (prior to this, indigenous people in Queensland, Western Australia and some in the Northern Territory had been excluded from voting unless they were ex-servicemen). In 1949 the Liberals appointed Dame Enid Lyons as the first woman to serve in an Australian Cabinet. Menzies remained a staunch supporter of links to the monarchy and British Commonwealth but formalised an alliance with the United States and concluded the Agreement on Commerce between Australia and Japan which was signed in July 1957 and launched post-war trade with Japan, beginning a growth of Australian exports of coal, iron ore and mineral resources that would steadily climb until Japan became Australia's largest trading partner.

qas: question: Government under whom experienced the conversion to decimal currency?
answers: text: Holt
is_impossible: no

question: Which of Holt's stances received some public opposition?
answers: text: commitment to the growing War in Vietnam
is_impossible: no

question: Which Referendum allowed Indigenous Australians to be counted in the Census?
answers: text: 1967 Referendum
is_impossible: no

question: What overhelming percent of Australians voted for the 1967 Referendum?
answers: text: 90%
is_impossible: no

question: Government under whom experienced the conversion to the referendum?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which of Holt's stances received popular support?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which Referendum allowed Vietnam to be counted in the Census?
is_impossible: yes

question: What overwhelming percent of Aboriginal Australians voted for the 1967 Referendum?
is_impossible: yes

question: What did the the Migration Act 1966 expand?
is_impossible: yes

question: How did Roosevelt refer to the middle class?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was elected to the Parliamentary Liberal Party after the 1940 Federal Election?
is_impossible: yes

question: What years did Robert Menzies serve as Prime Minister?
is_impossible: yes
context: Holt increased Australian commitment to the growing War in Vietnam, which met with some public opposition. His government oversaw conversion to decimal currency. Holt faced Britain's withdrawal from Asia by visiting and hosting many Asian leaders and by expanding ties to the United States, hosting the first visit to Australia by an American president, his friend Lyndon B. Johnson. Holt's government introduced the Migration Act 1966, which effectively dismantled the White Australia Policy and increased access to non-European migrants, including refugees fleeing the Vietnam War. Holt also called the 1967 Referendum which removed the discriminatory clause in the Australian Constitution which excluded Aboriginal Australians from being counted in the census – the referendum was one of the few to be overwhelmingly endorsed by the Australian electorate (over 90% voted 'yes'). By the end of 1967, the Liberals' initially popular support for the war in Vietnam was causing increasing public protest.

qas: question: Which government put an emphasis in supporting the arts?
answers: text: The Gorton Government
is_impossible: no

question: Which government established equal pay for men and women?
answers: text: The Gorton Government
is_impossible: no

question: What year did the Gorton Government stop replacing troups in Vietnam?
answers: text: end of 1970
is_impossible: no

question: Which government put an emphasis in supporting free film?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which government established equal school for men and women?
is_impossible: yes

question: What year did the Gorton Government stop replacing troops in Australia?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who increased funding for corporations?
is_impossible: yes

question: How many of the nations poor were provided education scholarships?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was the first indigenous Australian elected to the House?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was a West Australian artist?
is_impossible: yes

question: Where was the signing of the NATO Treaty held in 1951?
is_impossible: yes
context: The Gorton Government increased funding for the arts, setting up the Australian Council for the Arts, the Australian Film Development Corporation and the National Film and Television Training School. The Gorton Government passed legislation establishing equal pay for men and women and increased pensions, allowances and education scholarships, as well as providing free health care to 250,000 of the nation's poor (but not universal health care). Gorton's government kept Australia in the Vietnam War but stopped replacing troops at the end of 1970.

qas: question: Which continent did Gorton wish to pursue closer ties with?
answers: text: Asia
is_impossible: no

question: Who commented that Gorton was not fit to be Prime Minister?
answers: text: Defence Minister Malcolm Fraser
is_impossible: no

question: Was Gorton impeached, voted out, or did he resign?
answers: text: he resigned
is_impossible: no

question: Which countries did Gorton maintain close relationships with?
answers: text: United States and Britain
is_impossible: no

question: Which continent did state Liberal leaders wish to pursue closer ties with?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who commented that Gorton was not fit to have voter support?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which countries did Fraser maintain close relationships with?
is_impossible: yes

question: When did the Fraser government experience a decline in voter support?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who saw Fraser's policies as too Centralist?
is_impossible: yes

question: Where was the signing of the ANZUS Treaty held in 1951?
is_impossible: yes

question: Where was the second anti-Labor Party held in 1944?
is_impossible: yes

question: What did the UAP merge to form?
is_impossible: yes
context: Gorton maintained good relations with the United States and Britain, but pursued closer ties with Asia. The Gorton government experienced a decline in voter support at the 1969 election. State Liberal leaders saw his policies as too Centralist, while other Liberals didn't like his personal behaviour. In 1971, Defence Minister Malcolm Fraser, resigned and said Gorton was "not fit to hold the great office of Prime Minister". In a vote on the leadership the Liberal Party split 50/50, and although this was insufficient to remove him as the leader, Gorton decided this was also insufficient support for him, and he resigned.

qas: question: Who became the first indigenous Austrailian in Parliament?
answers: text: Neville Bonner
is_impossible: no

question: How long did Bonner serve as a Liberal Senator?
answers: text: 12 years
is_impossible: no

question: How was Bonner appointed his position?
answers: text: chosen by the Liberal Party to fill a Senate vacancy in 1971
is_impossible: no

question: Who became the first indigienous liberal in Parliament?
is_impossible: yes

question: How long did Bonner serve as an independent?
is_impossible: yes

question: How was McMahon appointed his position?
is_impossible: yes

question: In what year did McMahon win an election?
is_impossible: yes

question: Where did McMahon give a boomerang throwing display?
is_impossible: yes

question: How was Howard different from ANZUS?
is_impossible: yes

question: Government under whom experienced the conversion to decimal currency?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was the first indigenous Australian elected to the House?
is_impossible: yes
context: During McMahon's period in office, Neville Bonner joined the Senate and became the first Indigenous Australian in the Australian Parliament. Bonner was chosen by the Liberal Party to fill a Senate vacancy in 1971 and celebrated his maiden parliamentary speech with a boomerang throwing display on the lawns of Parliament. Bonner went on to win election at the 1972 election and served as a Liberal Senator for 12 years. He worked on Indigenous and social welfare issues and proved an independent minded Senator, often crossing the floor on Parliamentary votes.

qas: question: On what day did the 1975 constitutional crisis deadlock end?
answers: text: 11 November 1975
is_impossible: no

question: How did the gridlock between Whitlam and Fraser end?
answers: text: the Whitlam government was dismissed by the Governor-General, Sir John Kerr
is_impossible: no

question: Who won the 1975 election by large margin?
answers: text: Fraser
is_impossible: no

question: After what did Kerr claim that Whitlam delayed passage of money bills?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who won the 1974 election by large margin?
is_impossible: yes

question: What did Kerr argue?
is_impossible: yes

question: When was Kerr installed as caretaker Prime Minister?
is_impossible: yes

question: When did Whitlam win the election?
is_impossible: yes

question: To whom did Nelson lose the party to in 2008?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which group is a counterpart to NATO?
is_impossible: yes

question: How was Howard different from Paul Keating?
is_impossible: yes
context: Following the 1974–75 Loans Affair, the Malcolm Fraser led Liberal-Country Party Coalition argued that the Whitlam Government was incompetent and delayed passage of the Government's money bills in the Senate, until the government would promise a new election. Whitlam refused, Fraser insisted leading to the divisive 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. The deadlock came to an end when the Whitlam government was dismissed by the Governor-General, Sir John Kerr on 11 November 1975 and Fraser was installed as caretaker Prime Minister, pending an election. Fraser won in a landslide at the resulting 1975 election.

qas: question: Which document allowed Indigenous peoples the right to some traditional lands?
answers: text: Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1976
is_impossible: no

question: What environmental consequence affected the Australian economy by 1983?
answers: text: a severe drought
is_impossible: no

question: Which party did Don Chipp seperate to form in 1977?
answers: text: Australian Democrats
is_impossible: no

question: Who did Frazer eventually lose to in 1983?
answers: text: Bob Hawke
is_impossible: no

question: Which document allowed for Indigenous peoples the right to Tasmania?
is_impossible: yes

question: What environmental consequence affected the Australian economy by 1976?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which party did Neville Bonner separate to form in 1977?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who did Frazer eventually lose to in 1976?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who opposed Aboriginal rule in Apartheid South Africa and Rhodesia?
is_impossible: yes

question: What was the name of the Liberal Party's conservative division?
is_impossible: yes

question: In what year was the Liberal Party founded?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who commented that Gorton was not fit to be Prime Minister?
is_impossible: yes
context: Fraser maintained some of the social reforms of the Whitlam era, while seeking increased fiscal restraint. His government included the first Aboriginal federal parliamentarian, Neville Bonner, and in 1976, Parliament passed the Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1976, which, while limited to the Northern Territory, affirmed "inalienable" freehold title to some traditional lands. Fraser established the multicultural broadcaster SBS, accepted Vietnamese refugees, opposed minority white rule in Apartheid South Africa and Rhodesia and opposed Soviet expansionism. A significant program of economic reform however was not pursued. By 1983, the Australian economy was suffering with the early 1980s recession and amidst the effects of a severe drought. Fraser had promoted "states' rights" and his government refused to use Commonwealth powers to stop the construction of the Franklin Dam in Tasmania in 1982. Liberal minister, Don Chipp split off from the party to form a new social liberal party, the Australian Democrats in 1977. Fraser won further substantial majorities at the 1977 and 1980 elections, before losing to the Bob Hawke led Australian Labor Party in the 1983 election.

qas: question: How was Howard different from Paul Keating?
answers: text: he supported traditional Australian institutions like the Monarchy in Australia, the commemoration of ANZAC Day and the design of the Australian flag
is_impossible: no

question: In what ways was Howard similar to Paul Keating?
answers: text: pursued privatisation of public utilities and the introduction of a broad based consumption tax
is_impossible: no

question: Which government supported the US's war Afghanistan and Iraq?
answers: text: The Howard Government
is_impossible: no

question: Under what agreement did the Australian government support the US?
answers: text: the ANZUS treaty
is_impossible: no

question: How was Howard different from ANZUS?
is_impossible: yes

question: In what ways was Howard similar to ANZUS?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which government supported the Australia's war with Afghanistan and Iraq? 
is_impossible: yes

question: Under what agreement did ANZAC support the US?
is_impossible: yes

question: What did Keating's premiership coincide with?
is_impossible: yes

question: How was Howard different from ANZUS?
is_impossible: yes

question: How many consecutive losses has David Tonkin faced since the 2002 election?
is_impossible: yes

question: Was the meeting at Canberra a group of people supporting or opposed to Franklin D. Roosevelt?
is_impossible: yes
context: Howard differed from his Labor predecessor Paul Keating in that he supported traditional Australian institutions like the Monarchy in Australia, the commemoration of ANZAC Day and the design of the Australian flag, but like Keating he pursued privatisation of public utilities and the introduction of a broad based consumption tax (although Keating had dropped support for a GST by the time of his 1993 election victory). Howard's premiership coincided with Al Qaeda's 11 September attacks on the United States. The Howard Government invoked the ANZUS treaty in response to the attacks and supported America's campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq.

qas: question: Which parties merged in Queensland in 2008 to form the new Liberal National Party of Queensland?
answers: text: the Liberal and National parties
is_impossible: no

question: In March 2012, which party won by an historic landslide?
answers: text: the new Liberal National Party of Queensland
is_impossible: no

question: Who led the new Liberal National Party of Queensland through the election in March 2012?
answers: text: former Brisbane Lord Mayor, Campbell Newman
is_impossible: no

question: Which parties merged in Queensland in 2008 to form the New South Wales Liberal-National Coalition?
is_impossible: yes

question: In March 2011, which party won by an historic landslide?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who led the new Liberal National Party of Queensland through the election in March 2010?
is_impossible: yes

question: What parties merged in 2011?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who led the New South Wales Liberal-National Coalition?
is_impossible: yes

question: When did Nelson lose the leadership to Tony Abbott?
is_impossible: yes

question: During what years did the dismantling of the Playmander begin?
is_impossible: yes

question: To what are Menzies' "Forgotten People" radio talks compared to?
is_impossible: yes
context: Through 2010, the party improved its vote in the Tasmanian and South Australian state elections and achieved state government in Victoria. In March 2011, the New South Wales Liberal-National Coalition led by Barry O'Farrell won government with the largest election victory in post-war Australian history at the State Election. In Queensland, the Liberal and National parties merged in 2008 to form the new Liberal National Party of Queensland (registered as the Queensland Division of the Liberal Party of Australia). In March 2012, the new party achieved Government in an historic landslide, led by former Brisbane Lord Mayor, Campbell Newman.

qas: question: How close was the race betwen Turnbull and Abbott in 2009?
answers: text: 42 votes to 41
is_impossible: no

question: Who was elected to the Parliamentary Liberal Party after the 2007 Federal Election?
answers: text: Dr Brendan Nelson
is_impossible: no

question: To whom did Nelson lose the party to in 2008?
answers: text: Malcolm Turnbull
is_impossible: no

question: How close was the race between Turnbull and Abbott in 2008?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was elected to the Parliamentary Liberal Party after the 1940 Federal Election?
is_impossible: yes

question: To whom did Abbott lose the party to in 2008?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which election saw an increase in Parliamentary vote?
is_impossible: yes

question: When did Nelson lose the leadership to Tony Abbott?
is_impossible: yes

question: Under what agreement did ANZAC support the US?
is_impossible: yes

question: What actions showed Menzies' anti-Communist beliefs?
is_impossible: yes

question: In March 2012, which party won by an historic landslide?
is_impossible: yes
context: Following the 2007 Federal Election, Dr Brendan Nelson was elected leader by the Parliamentary Liberal Party. On 16 September 2008, in a second contest following a spill motion, Nelson lost the leadership to Malcolm Turnbull. On 1 December 2009, a subsequent leadership election saw Turnbull lose the leadership to Tony Abbott by 42 votes to 41 on the second ballot. Abbott led the party to the 2010 federal election, which saw an increase in the Liberal Party vote and resulted in the first hung parliament since the 1940 election.

qas: question: Who is the Australian Liberal Party's leader?
answers: text: Malcolm Turnbull
is_impossible: no

question: Who is the Australian Party's deputy leader?
answers: text: Julie Bishop
is_impossible: no

question: Who was Turnbull elected to replace?
answers: text: Tony Abbott
is_impossible: no

question: What was the former name of the Turnbull Government?
answers: text: the Abbott Government
is_impossible: no

question: Who is the Abbott Party's leader?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who is the Abbot Party's deputy leader?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was Giles elected to replace?
is_impossible: yes

question: What was the former name of Western Australia?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who is Chief Minister of the Liberal Party?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which politician purposely created strong state divisions and a stronger national party?
is_impossible: yes

question: How many consecutive losses has David Tonkin faced since the 2002 election?
is_impossible: yes

question: Was Menzies for or against nationalizing the banking system in Australia?
is_impossible: yes
context: The party's leader is Malcolm Turnbull and its deputy leader is Julie Bishop. The pair were elected to their positions at the September 2015 Liberal leadership ballot, Bishop as the incumbent deputy leader and Turnbull as a replacement for Tony Abbott, whom he consequently succeeded as Prime Minister of Australia. Now the Turnbull Government, the party had been elected at the 2013 federal election as the Abbott Government which took office on 18 September 2013. At state and territory level, the Liberal Party is in office in three states: Colin Barnett has been Premier of Western Australia since 2008, Will Hodgman Premier of Tasmania since 2014 and Mike Baird Premier of New South Wales since 2014. Adam Giles is also the Chief Minister of the Northern Territory, having led a Country Liberal minority government since 2015. The party is in opposition in Victoria, Queensland, South Australia and the Australian Capital Territory.

qas: question: Who was the first indigenous Australian elected to the House?
answers: text: Ken Wyatt
is_impossible: no

question: In what year was the first indigenous Australian elected to the House of Representatives?
answers: text: 2010
is_impossible: no

question: In what year was the first Aboriginal Senator elected?
answers: text: 1971
is_impossible: no

question: Who was the first indigenous liberal elected to the House?
is_impossible: yes

question: In what year was the first indigenous liberal elected to the House of Representatives?
is_impossible: yes

question: In what year was the first liberal senator elected?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who supported Neville Bonner and the arts?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was a West Australian artist?
is_impossible: yes

question: When did Evatt resign from Parliament?
is_impossible: yes

question: What discussion proved an example of the difficulty of explaining what foods were and were not included in the Goods and Services Tax?
is_impossible: yes

question: What Premiers led The Liberals after the 1970 election?
is_impossible: yes
context: Socially, while liberty and freedom of enterprise form the basis of its beliefs, elements of the party have wavered between what is termed "small-l liberalism" and social conservatism. Historically, Liberal Governments have been responsible for the carriage of a number of notable "socially liberal" reforms, including the opening of Australia to multiethnic immigration under Menzies and Harold Holt; Holt's 1967 Referendum on Aboriginal Rights; Sir John Gorton's support for cinema and the arts; selection of the first Aboriginal Senator, Neville Bonner, in 1971; and Malcolm Fraser's Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1976. A West Australian Liberal, Ken Wyatt, became the first Indigenous Australian elected to the House of Representatives in 2010.

qas: question: How many state divisions exist in the Liberal Party's organisation?
answers: text: six
is_impossible: no

question: Which politician purposely created strong state divisions to a weaker national party?
answers: text: Menzies
is_impossible: no

question: Who makes party policy?
answers: text: almost entirely by the parliamentary parties, not by the party's rank-and-file members
is_impossible: no

question: How many state divisions exist in the Howard Governments organization?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which politician purposely created strong state divisions and a stronger national party?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who makes party divisions?
is_impossible: yes

question: When was a parliamentary government maintained by all Liberal governments until?
is_impossible: yes

question: What is dominated by party policy divisions?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was led by Opposition Leaders?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was the first indigenous liberal elected to the House?
is_impossible: yes

question: What is economic liberalism sometimes also referred to?
is_impossible: yes
context: The Liberal Party's organisation is dominated by the six state divisions, reflecting the party's original commitment to a federalised system of government (a commitment which was strongly maintained by all Liberal governments until 1983, but was to a large extent abandoned by the Howard Government, which showed strong centralising tendencies). Menzies deliberately created a weak national party machine and strong state divisions. Party policy is made almost entirely by the parliamentary parties, not by the party's rank-and-file members, although Liberal party members do have a degree of influence over party policy.

qas: question: Was Menzies for or against nationalizing the banking system in Australia?
answers: text: strongly against
is_impossible: no

question: What helped the Liberals to victory in December 1955?
answers: text: the formation of the anti-Communist Democratic Labor Party (DLP) and the consequent split in the Australian Labor Party early in 1955
is_impossible: no

question: When did Menzies resign from Parliament?
answers: text: 26 January 1966
is_impossible: no

question: Was Evatt for or against nationalizing the banking system in Australia?
is_impossible: yes

question: What helped the Liberals to victory in December 1958?
is_impossible: yes

question: When did Evatt resign from Parliament?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who replaced Arthur Fadden as leader of the Senate?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who refused to pass labor legislation?
is_impossible: yes

question: What was the Australian unemployment rate in 1993?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which parties merged in Queensland in 2008 to form the new Liberal National Party of Queensland?
is_impossible: yes

question: Did Mezies and Malcom Fraser raise, mainain, or lower tariff levels?
is_impossible: yes
context: Menzies ran strongly against Labor's plans to nationalise the Australian banking system and, following victory in the 1949 election, secured a double dissolution election for April 1951, after the Labor-controlled Senate refused to pass his banking legislation. The Liberal-Country Coalition was returned with control of the Senate. The Government was returned again in the 1954 election; the formation of the anti-Communist Democratic Labor Party (DLP) and the consequent split in the Australian Labor Party early in 1955 helped the Liberals to another victory in December 1955. John McEwen replaced Arthur Fadden as leader of the Country Party in March 1958 and the Menzies-McEwen Coalition was returned again at elections in November 1958 – their third victory against Labor's H. V. Evatt. The Coalition was narrowly returned against Labor's Arthur Calwell in the December 1961 election, in the midst of a credit squeeze. Menzies stood for office for the last time in the November 1963 election, again defeating Calwell, with the Coalition winning back its losses in the House of Representatives. Menzies went on to resign from parliament on 26 January 1966.

qas: question: Which two title holders fought for political power in the early 1990s?
answers: text: former Treasurer John Howard competing with former Foreign Minister Andrew Peacock
is_impossible: no

question: What was the Australian unemployment rate in 1992?
answers: text: 11.4%
is_impossible: no

question: What discussion proved an example of the difficulty of explaining what foods were and were not included in the Goods and Services Tax?
answers: text: the infamous birthday cake interview
is_impossible: no

question: Which two title holders fought for political power in the GST?
is_impossible: yes

question: What was the Australian unemployment rate in 1993?
is_impossible: yes

question: What discussion proved an example of the difficulty of explaining what governments were and were not included in the Goods and Services Tax
is_impossible: yes

question: When did John Hewson mount a campaign against the Fightback package?
is_impossible: yes

question: When did Paul Keating launch the Fightback! policy document?
is_impossible: yes

question: Where was the second anti-Labor Party held in 1944?
is_impossible: yes

question: In what year was the first indigenous liberal elected to the House of Representatives?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which politician purposely created strong state divisions to a weaker national party?
is_impossible: yes
context: A period of division for the Liberals followed, with former Treasurer John Howard competing with former Foreign Minister Andrew Peacock for supremacy. The Australian economy was facing the early 1990s recession. Unemployment reached 11.4% in 1992. Under Dr John Hewson, in November 1991, the opposition launched the 650-page Fightback! policy document − a radical collection of "dry", economic liberal measures including the introduction of a Goods and Services Tax (GST), various changes to Medicare including the abolition of bulk billing for non-concession holders, the introduction of a nine-month limit on unemployment benefits, various changes to industrial relations including the abolition of awards, a $13 billion personal income tax cut directed at middle and upper income earners, $10 billion in government spending cuts, the abolition of state payroll taxes and the privatisation of a large number of government owned enterprises − representing the start of a very different future direction to the keynesian economic conservatism practiced by previous Liberal/National Coalition governments. The 15 percent GST was the centerpiece of the policy document. Through 1992, Labor Prime Minister Paul Keating mounted a campaign against the Fightback package, and particularly against the GST, which he described as an attack on the working class in that it shifted the tax burden from direct taxation of the wealthy to indirect taxation as a broad-based consumption tax. Pressure group activity and public opinion was relentless, which led Hewson to exempt food from the proposed GST − leading to questions surrounding the complexity of what food was and wasn't to be exempt from the GST. Hewson's difficulty in explaining this to the electorate was exemplified in the infamous birthday cake interview, considered by some as a turning point in the election campaign. Keating won a record fifth consecutive Labor term at the 1993 election. A number of the proposals were later adopted in to law in some form, to a small extent during the Keating Labor government, and to a larger extent during the Howard Liberal government (most famously the GST), while unemployment benefits and bulk billing were re-targeted for a time by the Abbott Liberal government.

qas: question: How long was Tom Playford in political power?
answers: text: from the 1933 election to the 1965 election
is_impossible: no

question: How many consecutive losses has the Liberal party faced since the 2002 election?
answers: text: a record five
is_impossible: no

question: During what years did the dismantling of the Playmander begin?
answers: text: 1968 election to the 1970 election
is_impossible: no

question: How long was Dean Brown in power?
is_impossible: yes

question: How many consecutive losses has David Tonkin faced since the 2002 election?
is_impossible: yes

question: During what years did the dismantling of the LCL begin?
is_impossible: yes

question: What Premiers led The Liberals after the 1970 election?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was led by Opposition Leaders?
is_impossible: yes

question: Which election saw an increase in Parliamentary vote?
is_impossible: yes

question: What did the Immigration Act's entry permit system include?
is_impossible: yes

question: Who was led by Opposition Leaders?
is_impossible: yes
context: In South Australia, initially a Liberal and Country Party affiliated party, the Liberal and Country League (LCL), mostly led by Premier of South Australia Tom Playford, was in power from the 1933 election to the 1965 election, though with assistance from an electoral malapportionment, or gerrymander, known as the Playmander. The LCL's Steele Hall governed for one term from the 1968 election to the 1970 election and during this time began the process of dismantling the Playmander. David Tonkin, as leader of the South Australian Division of the Liberal Party of Australia, became Premier at the 1979 election for one term, losing office at the 1982 election. The Liberals returned to power at the 1993 election, led by Premiers Dean Brown, John Olsen and Rob Kerin through two terms, until their defeat at the 2002 election. They have since remained in opposition under a record five Opposition Leaders.