VivekNaga/Medicaldata huggingface dataset:
context: You can become dehydrated for many different reasons. It could be from sweating too much. Vomiting or diarrhea can quickly remove fluids from your body, too. So can medicines that make you pee a lot. All of these things can cause you to lose more water and electrolytes (essential minerals in your blood and body fluids) than are good for you. If you don't have enough, your body has trouble doing the things it's supposed to do. There's really only one way to treat dehydration -- replace the fluids and electrolytes your body has lost. For a mild case, it should be enough just to drink plenty of fluids. Water is your first choice, but there are lots of special drinks on the market that will help you replace your body's lost water and electrolytes. If you can't get a pre-mixed rehydration solution, don't try to make one yourself. Instead, replace lost fluids naturally with sips of water, fruit juice, crushed fruit mixed with water, or salty soups or broths. Fruit juices may upset your stomach, so it's best to dilute them with water. Avoid coffee, tea, soda, and alcoholic drinks. They're diuretics, which means they can dehydrate you more because they all pull water from your body. If your dehydration is serious, you may need to see a doctor to get treated with intravenous ( IV) fluids. Severe dehydration may require you to go to the hospital. You should get medical attention immediately if you: Haven't peed in 8 hours Have had a seizure Are disoriented or confused Have a weak or rapid pulse Feel very tired Feel dizzy when you stand Are too sick (nauseated or vomiting) to take in fluids If your baby or child becomes dehydrated (usually because of a fever, vomiting or diarrhea), treatment with an oral rehydration solution is your best bet. There are several over-the-counter options ( Pedialyte and Hydralyte), which will give your child the right balance of electrolytes and salts. Try giving small sips or by the teaspoon to begin with. You may even need to use a syringe if he's having trouble drinking. For an older child, sports drinks diluted with water are the best treatment. Again, start with small sips and give him more as he shows he can tolerate it. For an infant, give plenty of breast milk and formula, but don't give fruit juices if he is vomiting or has diarrhea. They can make it worse. Dehydration can be serious in a baby or young child. If you notice these signs, see a doctor right away: Extreme sleepiness Less responsive than usual Few wet diapers Cold and blotchy hands and feet No tears when crying Dark yellow pee Very dry mouth Usually, dehydration is easy to treat at home if you get out of the heat and drink plenty of liquids. But once you're thirsty, you're probably already dehydrated, so it's best to drink plenty of fluids regularly.
context: Not as sure on your feet as you used to be? Is it a bit harder to see across a room? You can make your home easier to move around in. This will let you worry less about getting hurt from a slip or a fall. Clear the clutter. Get a friend or family member to help you clear your walkways of anything you can trip over. Phone cords, electric wires, pet bowls, and other things can cause trouble. Move it out of the way, or think about getting rid of it. Light it up. As you get older, you need more light to see. Make sure your light switches are easy to reach, and at the bottom and top of any stairs. Turn the lights on before you get up to move around. And always know where your flashlights are in case the power goes out. Hold the rails. If you have stairways, put handrails on both sides of them and put treads on each step. Hold on to a railing when you walk up or down the stairs, and go slowly. If you are carrying anything, make sure you can see each step. Cut the skids. Use self-adhesive, non-skid mats or safety treads in bathtubs, showers, and pools. Put non-skid rugs on bathroom floors and pads under rugs on bare floors. Grab hold. Consider getting grab bars installed on both sides of toilets and bathtubs. Put handrails in the shower and wherever else you need them. Toss the throw rugs, or make sure they're secured with double-sided tape. More than half of all falls happen at home. This simple fix can help you keep you safe. Move it where you use it. Keep items you use often -- food, cans, dishes, clothes -- where you can easily reach them. This way you won't have to climb on a stool. Wear sturdy shoes inside and outside. Solid footwear helps with your balance. Avoid slippers or walking barefoot. Once your home is a safe zone, you're less likely to have accidents. You can move around with more confidence and a renewed sense of independence. But talk to your doctor if you're having any trouble. She may refer you to an occupational therapist, who can come to your home and show you how to make more changes. Whether you're at home or on the go, two other things can lower your chances of a fall: Know the side effects. Read the labels on any medications you take, or check with your doctor or pharmacist, to learn if any of the drugs might make you feel dizzy or tired. That can make falling more likely. If you have side effects, write down when they started and let your doctor know. She might change your medicine or dosage. Stay strong. Weak legs raise your odds of a fall. Keep fit. It'll give your body a stable foundation. Even a daily walk can make a difference. Or you could try a gentle exercise program, like tai chi, to help improve your balance.
context: Resveratrol is a natural chemical compound found in grapes, red wine, and other foods. As a supplement, resveratrol has been promoted as a treatment for many conditions -- including aging itself. Researchers have long believed that substances in red wine might have health benefits. Drinking red wine in moderation may be associated with a lower risk of heart disease. Beginning in the 1990s, experts began to focus on resveratrol, an antioxidant compound in red wine. Since then, some animal and lab studies have shown that resveratrol has promising antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. However, resveratrol supplements have not been well studied in people. We don't really know what benefits and risks they might have. We also don't know if resveratrol is necessarily more important than some of the other natural substances in wine. Nonetheless, resveratrol has become a popular supplement. People use it for many different conditions. Some take resveratrol supplements to try to prevent or treat serious diseases, like cancer or heart disease. Others hope that they will slow the aging process. For now, these uses are unsupported by evidence. Resveratrol is an unproven treatment and there is no standard dose. Some estimates of doses come from preliminary research studies. Ask your health care provider for advice. Resveratrol occurs naturally in red wine, red grape skins, grape juice, peanuts, mulberries, and some Chinese herbs. Some people wonder if they should drink more red wine because of the possible health benefits of resveratrol. However, most experts and organizations like the American Heart Association still suggest limiting alcoholic drinks to one per day for women and two for men. Four ounces of red wine equals one drink. Other forms of alcohol do not have resveratrol. Side effects. When resveratrol is consumed in the amount normally occurring in foods, it is generally considered safe. It could cause a reaction in those who are allergic to grapes or wine. Risks. People who have health conditions like bleeding disorders should not take resveratrol without talking to a doctor first. Interactions. If you take any medicines or other supplements regularly, talk to your health care provider before you start using resveratrol supplements. They could interact with medicines like blood thinners, blood pressure drugs, cancer treatments, MAOI antidepressants, antiviral and antifungal medicines, NSAID painkillers, and supplements like St. John's wort, garlic, and ginkgo. Given the lack of evidence about their safety, resveratrol supplements are not recommended for children or for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
context: If you feel nauseated, here are some tips: Avoid foods that are hard to digest. If the smell of hot food makes you feel ill, try eating cool or cold meals. Eat six small meals each day instead of three large ones. Do not lay down after eating. Rest with your head higher than your feet. If you feel nauseated when you wake up in the morning, eat some lean meat or cheese before going to bed or keep plain crackers by the side of your bed and eat a few before getting up. Drink at least six glasses of water a day. If you are already feeling nauseated, these tips may help you avoid vomiting: Sit down or lie in a propped-up position. Physical activity will make you feel worse. Drink a small amount of a sweet beverage such as ginger ale or Gatorade. Drinks with sugar in them help calm the stomach. However, avoid acidic drinks like orange juice or grapefruit juice. Have a popsicle or a similar sweetened ice treat.
context: You carefully combed out the nits (lice eggs), applied and reapplied lice treatment as directed, and washed all the bedding and clothes. You thought your home was (finally) lice-free. Yet, the pesky mites keep coming back. There are two reasons for a recurrent lice infestation: The lice treatment you used didn't work. You or someone in your family came in contact with lice again. Treatments might not work for a couple of reasons. First, studies have shown that lice can be resistant to pesticide treatments that have been used in some geographical areas. Second, female adult lice lay up to eight eggs a day. Over-the-counter lice treatments and prescription ones kill live lice and their eggs (nits), but they might not catch all of them. Because of the life cycle of lice, over-the-counter and prescription treatments may require two treatments, 7-9 days apart. If you don't reapply the product within the correct number of days, lice eggs can lurk behind and hatch later. To be most effective, follow up prescription or over-the-counter treatment by combing through the hair for two weeks to rid the head completely of lice. You can get rid of lice on your head and in your home only to have it crawl back onto you or your child at daycare, school, or the gym. You might not be able to control the environment outside your home, but these tips can help keep lice away: Avoid head-to-head and hair-to-hair contact. This is the way head lice most commonly spread. Think about events like kids' slumber parties, sleepover camps, and sporting events such as wrestling. Don't share hats, scarves, hoodies, or other clothing. Don't share hair ribbons, barrettes, combs or brushes. ( Studies suggest girls are more likely to get lice than boys). Don't share towels. Don't share beds, sofas, rugs, pillows, or stuffed animals with someone who has or recently had lice. The CDC and FDA say you don't need to spend a lot of time and money cleaning the house after a lice outbreak. Head lice are bloodsuckers. Once they fall off the body, they only survive for a day or two. The chances that you'll catch them from sitting on the sofa or laying on the floor is quite small. But follow these simple steps to help prevent another lice attack: Wash and dry bedding, clothing, and stuffed toys using hot water (130 F) and high heat. If the items can't be washed, seal them in a plastic bag for 3 weeks. Dry cleaning also kills lice. Vacuum upholstered furniture and rugs. Lice room sprays or fumigants are toxic if inhaled or absorbed through the skin. The FDA says that if you or someone in your family has head lice, you don't need these products. If lice keep coming back in your home, ask a doctor about the best treatment options for your family. You'll also want to find the exact source of the mites. But don't blame your pet. Your furry friends don't spread head lice.
context: Your dog or cat has been scratching lately. Something small and black jumps from the sofa onto your arm. Don’t freak out. Take control with these steps. Is your pet on a flea control program? If he is, it must not be working. Ask your vet what she recommends. You want a product that treats fleas at every stage -- from egg to adult bug -- and that works well in your climate. Most flea treatments take only one dose a month to keep fleas from making you and your pets itch. If your pet is already on a flea treatment product, ask your vet about switching to something else. And make sure you treat every pet in the house. If you rarely vacuum, fleas should inspire a change of habit. Regular vacuuming lowers the number of fleas and their eggs from carpeting, cracks in wood floors, and on curtains and upholstered furniture. It also catches them under furniture. Don’t forget to vacuum the areas where your pet sleeps and eats. Empty the vacuum cleaner bin or throw away bags in a garbage can outside right away so the fleas can’t sneak back in. For the parts of your home where you and your pets hang out the most, like the living room, kitchen, and bedrooms, vacuum every day. For everywhere else, do it once a week. If you have a serious flea invasion, have your carpets steam cleaned. The heat will kill the fleas, but it may not kill all the eggs. They may hatch later, and you may have to steam clean again. For very bad cases, you might consider calling an exterminator. Just make sure whatever you do is safe for you and your pets. Hot, soapy water kills fleas, so wash your cat or dog’s bed every week. And if your pets sleep in your bed or with your kids, make sure to wash everyone else’s bedding, too. It may seem old school, but a flea comb with tiny teeth can do a good job of removing fleas from your pet. Do it outside, and focus on the neck area and the base of the tail. Keep a cup of warm, soapy water beside you. Use it to dip the comb so you can drown the fleas. Regular flea combing will also let you know how your flea control efforts are working. Once the house is vacuumed and the bedding is washed, give your dog a bath. Bathing your pet regularly will also help rid your home of fleas. Any soap will kill them, so you don’t have to use a flea bath. But make sure that the soap you use is safe for a cat or dog. Some people like to finish the bath with a nice-smelling essential oil that may also help keep fleas away. Before you do, know that some dogs and cats may have problems with oils with: Citrus Cinnamon Clove D-limonene Geranium Tea tree Lavender Linalool Bay Eucalyptus Pennyroyal Rue These essential oils are less likely to cause problems if you use only a little bit: Lemongrass Cedar wood Peppermint Rosemary Thyme
context: People with proteinuria have urine containing an abnormal amount of protein. The condition is often a sign of kidney disease. Healthy kidneys do not allow a significant amount of protein to pass through their filters. But filters damaged by kidney disease may let proteins such as albumin leak from the blood into the urine. Proteinuria can also be a result of overproduction of proteins by the body. Kidney disease often has no early symptoms. One of its first signs may be proteinuria that's discovered by a urine test done during a routine physical exam. Blood tests will then be done to see how well the kidneys are working. The two most common risk factors for proteinuria are: Diabetes High blood pressure (hypertension) Both diabetes and high blood pressure can cause damage to the kidneys, which leads to proteinuria. Other types of kidney disease unrelated to diabetes or high blood pressure can also cause protein to leak into the urine. Examples of other causes include: Medications Trauma Toxins Infections Immune system disorders Increased production of proteins in the body can lead to proteinuria. Examples include multiple myeloma and amyloidosis. Other risk factors include: Obesity Age over 65 Family history of kidney disease Preeclampsia (high blood pressure and proteinuria in pregnancy) Race and ethnicity: African- Americans, Native Americans, Hispanics, and Pacific Islanders are more likely than whites to have high blood pressure and develop kidney disease and proteinuria. Some people get more protein into urine while standing than while lying down. That is known as orthostatic proteinuria. Proteinuria is not a specific disease. So its treatment depends on identifying and managing its underlying cause. If that cause is kidney disease, appropriate medical management is essential. Untreated chronic kidney disease can lead to kidney failure. In mild or temporary proteinuria, no treatment may be necessary. Drugs are sometimes prescribed, especially in people with diabetes and/or high blood pressure. These may come from two classes of drugs: ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) ARBs (angiotensin receptor blockers) Proper treatment -- especially in patients with chronic disease such as diabetes and high blood pressure -- is essential to prevent the progressive kidney damage that is causing the proteinuria.
context: A partner who has genital herpes needs support and acceptance. It took a lot of courage for your partner to tell you, and it means he or she cares about your well-being and values your trust. " No good deed goes unpunished" is often a harsh fact of life. But don't let it be that way in the relationship. Of course, your feelings and concerns matter, too. If you're uncomfortable with the idea of having sex with your partner again, or becoming sexually intimate for the first time, you're entitled to feel that way. But instead of declaring the sexual part of your relationship over or out of the question, think of ways you can be intimate without risking infection. You can reduce the risk of becoming infected through sexual intercourse by using condoms and avoiding sex when your partner has symptoms. There will always be some risk, even if you practice safer sex, but you can minimize it as much as possible. Educate yourself about genital herpes. You'll find out that it's not as serious as it may seem, and that couples can and do have wonderful, sexually fulfilling relationships, even if one partner has genital herpes. Sometimes, people in long-term relationships suspect that their partner has been cheating when he or she is diagnosed. That's not necessarily true -- your partner could have been infected years or decades before you met. Also, consider the possibility that you gave your partner herpes. Millions of people live with genital herpes without having a clue that they're infected. In fact, health experts estimate that 90% of those who are infected in the United States don't know it. A herpes infection doesn't always cause obvious sores on the genitals. In many cases, it causes no noticeable symptoms at all. Health care professionals say that sex partners of people with herpes should be tested, as that is the only way to know for sure if they are infected or not.
context: By monitoring the severity of your asthma symptoms using a peak flow meter and practicing self-management using peak flow zones, you can live an active life free of asthma symptoms. Another component of this self-management is an asthma diary. Keeping a daily asthma diary can help you monitor asthma triggers and asthma medications. The asthma diary is used to: Record asthma symptoms and peak expiratory flow ( PEF) readings Compare PEF readings with your asthma zones Keep track of how often you use medications for a sudden asthma attack Recording this information will help you recognize asthma attacks and head them off before you become seriously ill. Your doctor will also use this diary to evaluate how well your asthma action plan is working. To keep a daily asthma diary, start by printing out a copy of an asthma action plan. We have a blank asthma action plan in this guide. Next, determine and record your asthma zones. Place this information in your asthma diary so you can refer to it easily. Each day: Fill in the date. Measure PEFs using a peak flow meter, and record the readings in your diary. Be sure to measure PEF before taking your daily asthma medications. Compare your PEF readings to your asthma zones. If the highest PEF reading is less than 80% of your personal best, you must follow the instructions given by your health care provider in your asthma action plan. Also remember to check PEFs more frequently that day, including an evening PEF. Fill in the total number of puffs of the short-acting beta 2-agonist (your rescue or quick-acting inhaler) used over the past 24 hours. Rate any asthma symptoms you had during the day. Remember to take the asthma diary to each doctor visit so your doctor can assess how well your asthma treatment plan is working.