VishaalY/solutions-architect-hf-dataset huggingface dataset:
Question: How do I delete or terminate a Client VPN endpoint or connection on AWS Client VPN?

I want to delete or terminate a Client VPN endpoint or connection on AWS Client VPN using the console.

ResolutionDelete a VPN endpointYou must disassociate all associated target networks before you can delete a Client VPN endpoint.To disassociate all associated target networks, do the following:Access the Amazon VPC console.Select the AWS Region for your VPN endpoint.In the navigation pane, choose Client VPN Endpoints.Select the Client VPN endpoint with which the target network is associated, and then choose Associations.Select the target network to disassociate, and then choose Disassociate. Then choose Yes, Disassociate.To disassociate all associated target networks using AWS CLI, see disassociate-client-vpn-target-network.To delete a Client VPN endpoint, do the following:Access the Amazon VPC console.Select the AWS Region for your VPN endpoint.In the navigation pane, choose Client VPN Endpoints.Select the Client VPN endpoint to delete, choose Actions.Choose Delete Client VPN Endpoint, and then choose Yes, Delete.To delete a Client VPN endpoint using AWS CLI, see delete-client-vpn-endpoint.Terminate a Client VPN endpoint connectionTo terminate a Client VPN endpoint connection, do the following:Access the Amazon VPC console.Select the AWS Region for your VPN endpoint.In the navigation pane, choose Client VPN Endpoints.Select the Client VPN endpoint that the client is connected to. Then, choose Connections.Select the connection to terminate, and then choose Terminate Connection.When prompted, choose Terminate Connection.After termination, the VPN session ends.To terminate Client VPN endpoint connections using AWS CLI, see terminate-client-vpn-connections.
Question: How do I resolve the errors "session '0' not found" and "Error sending http request and maximum retry encountered" in Amazon EMR?

I want to troubleshoot errors when I run an Apache Livy application using a Jupyter Notebook on Amazon EMR.

Short descriptionYou get one of the following errors when you run an Apache Livy application using a Jupyter Notebook on Amazon EMR:'404' from xxxxxxxx with error payload: "session '0' not found""The code failed because of a fatal error: Error sending http request and maximum retry encountered."These errors usually happen when you keep the Jupyter Notebook session running until it times out. To resolve these errors, increase the value of the livy.server.session.timeout property in /etc/livy/conf/livy.conf on the master node. Then, restart livy-server.

ResolutionYou can modify livy.server.session.timeout on a running Amazon EMR cluster or when launching a new cluster.On a running cluster1.    Open /etc/livy/conf/livy.conf on the master node, and then modify the livy.server.session.timeout value (the default value is 1h). Example:sudo vim /etc/livy/conf/livy.conflivy.server.session.timeout 2h2.    Run the following commands on the master node to restart livy-server:Suppose that you're using one of the following Amazon EMR release versions that's based on Amazon Linux 2:Amazon EMR release version 5.30.0 or laterAmazon EMR 6.x seriesThen, run the following commands:sudo systemctl stop livy-serversudo systemctl start livy-serverIf you're using the Amazon EMR release version 5.29.0 or earlier, then run the following commands:sudo stop livy-serversudo start livy-serverWhen livy-server is restarting, your cluster is unavailable. To avoid downtime, configure the Livy application when you launch an Amazon EMR cluster.On a new clusterAdd a configuration objectsimilar to the following when you launch a cluster using Amazon EMR release version 4.6.0 or later. In addition to modifying livy.server.session.timeout, you can modify the following related properties, if desired:livy.server.session.timeout-check: When turned on, Livy stops idle sessions that reach the timeout threshold. The default setting is true.livy.server.yarn.app-lookup-timeout: The duration that Livy looks for the YARN application before considering it lost. The default setting is 60s.[    {        "Classification": "livy-conf",        "Properties": {            "livy.server.session.timeout-check": "true",            "livy.server.session.timeout": "2h",            "livy.server.yarn.app-lookup-timeout": "120s"        }    }]After you're done running the job, be sure to close the session in Jupyter or Zeppelin. When too many sessions are open, new jobs can't start until resources become available.

Related informationApache LivyJupyter Notebook on Amazon EMR
Question: How do I reset the master user password for my Amazon RDS DB instance?

I want to reset the master user password for my Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) DB instance. How can I do this?Short descriptionYou can change the master user password for your DB instance using the RDS console.For clustered systems, such as Amazon Aurora, reset the password for any RDS DB instance in the cluster with a Writer or Reader role. Then, choose Apply Immediately. The password change is asynchronous and applies as soon as possible. This means that the RDS DB instance doesn't require a restart.Note: Existing connections aren't dropped. However, you must provide the updated password for reconnecting.

ResolutionTo modify the master user password of your DB instance, do the following:Open the Amazon RDS console.Select Databases.Select the RDS DB instance, and then choose Modify.Note: If you use Aurora, expand the cluster, and choose the instance that you want to modify. Then, choose Modify.Enter the master user password you want to use in the New Master Password field.Note: The password change is asynchronous, and applies as soon as possible. This change ignores the Apply Immediately setting.Choose Continue, and then choose Modify DB Instance.Note: In some cases, your RDS master user might lose their privileges. If this happens, reset the master user password on the DB instance to regain access and restore privileges that might have been accidentally revoked. The password can be the same one used previously or a new password.To modify the master user password using the AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI), use the modify-db-instance command. To modify the master user password for an Aurora cluster using AWS CLI, use the modify-db-cluster command.You can also modify an RDS DB instance using the Amazon RDS API ModifyDBInstance.Note: If you receive errors when running AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) commands, make sure that you're using the most recent AWS CLI version.The Status field for your RDS DB instance on the RDS dashboard changes to resetting-master-credentials. When the modification is complete, the Status column changes to Available.

Related informationUsing the Apply Immediately settingWorking with parameter groupsResetting the db_owner role password
Question: How do I clear the buffer cache or other caches without rebooting my RDS for SQL Server instance?

I want to clear the Microsoft SQL Server cache on my Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) for Microsoft SQL Server instance. How can I do this without restarting my DB instance?Short descriptionThere are multiple ways to clear the SQL Server cache, from very granular to full cache clearing. You can use the following tools to clear the cache. All of these tools are available with Database Console Commands (DBCC) for SQL Server:DBCC FREEPROCCACHE: Clears the cache by removing the entire plan cache. This command can also remove specific plans or remove cache entries tied to a resource pool.DBCC FREESYSTEMCACHE: In addition to removing elements from the plan cache, DBCC FREESYSTEMCACHE can clear other memory caches.DBCC ALTER DATABASE SCOPED CONFIGURATION: This command is available starting with SQL Server 2016.

ResolutionNote: It's a best practice to test the following commands thoroughly before running them in your production environment. Testing helps identify potential issues that might occur during implementation.Identify the top five caches and the memory usedRun the following command to identify the top five caches and the memory used:SELECT TOP(5) name AS [Name],SUM(pages_kb) AS [SizeKb]FROM sys.dm_os_memory_cache_counters WITH (NOLOCK)GROUP BY nameORDER BY SizeKb DESCRemove one plan from the cache (parameter sniffing issue)Run the following command to identify the bad plan:SELECT cp.plan_handle, cp.objtype, cp.usecounts,DB_NAME(st.dbid)AS [DatabaseName], st.textFROM sys.dm_exec_cached_plans AS cp CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(plan_handle) AS stWHERE st.text LIKE N'%[search string]%' OPTION (RECOMPILE);Run one of the following commands to remove the bad plan:DBCC FREEPROCCACHE (plan_handle);orALTER DATABASE SCOPED CONFIGURATION CLEAR PROCEDURE_CACHE [plan_handle];Remove as-needed and prepared plans from the cacheIf you have too many as-needed plans in the cache, then run the following command to remove them:DBCC FREESYSTEMCACHE ('SQL Plans')Clear the plan cache for the current databaseIf you're running SQL Server 2016 or higher, then run the following command:ALTER DATABASE SCOPED CONFIGURATION CLEAR PROCEDURE_CACHE;orDBCC FREESYSTEMCACHE('DatabaseName')If you're using a SQL Server version prior to SQL 2016, then run the following command:declare @dbid int = (select DB_ID())DBCC FLUSHPROCINDB (@dbid);Clear all cachesDBCC FREESYSTEMCACHE('ALL')orDBCC FREEPROCCACHE WITH NO_INFOMSGS;Note: The DBCC DROPCLEANBUFFERS command is used to clear all caches and the buffer pool. This command isn't supported in Amazon RDS for SQL Server because it requires membership in the sysadmin fixed server role.
Question: How can I troubleshoot high latency on an Amazon DynamoDB table?

I'm seeing an increase in the response time for Amazon DynamoDB requests.

ResolutionTo troubleshoot high latency on your DynamoDB table, analyze the Amazon CloudWatch metric SuccessfulRequestLatency, and check the average latency. Occasional spikes in latency aren't a cause for concern. However, if average latency is high, there might be an underlying issue that you must resolve.To get the latency value for all DynamoDB calls, turn on latency metric logging for the AWS SDK. These metrics can help you identify the source of the increased latency. Keep in mind that DynamoDB latency metrics measure activity only within DynamoDB or Amazon DynamoDB Streams. The latency metrics don't take network latency or client-side activity into account.Note: For most atomic operations, such as GetItem and PutItem, you can expect an average latency in single-digit milliseconds. Latency for non-atomic operations, such as Query and Scan, depends on many factors, including the size of the result set and the complexity of the query conditions and filters.Consider one or more of the following strategies to reduce latency:Reduce the request timeout settings: Tune the client SDK parameters requestTimeOut and clientExecutionTimeout to timeout and fail much faster (for example, after 50 milliseconds). This causes the client to abandon high latency requests after the specified time period and then send a second request that usually completes much faster than the first. For more information about timeout settings, see Tuning AWS Java SDK HTTP request settings for latency-aware Amazon DynamoDB applications.Reduce the distance between the client and DynamoDB endpoint: If you have globally dispersed users, consider using global tables. With global tables, you can specify the AWS Regions where you want the table to be available. This can significantly reduce latency for your users. Also, consider using the DynamoDB gateway endpoint to avoid traffic across the internet.Use caching: If your traffic is read heavy, consider using a caching service, such as Amazon DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX). DAX is a fully managed, highly available, in-memory cache for DynamoDB that delivers up to a 10x performance improvement, from milliseconds to microseconds, even at millions of requests per second.Send constant traffic or reuse connections: When you're not making requests, consider having the client send dummy traffic to a DynamoDB table. Or, you can reuse client connections or use connection pooling. All these techniques keep internal caches warm that helps keep latency low.Use eventually consistent reads: If your application doesn't require strongly consistent reads, consider using eventually consistent reads. Eventually consistent reads are cheaper and are less likely to experience high latency. For more information, see Read consistency.

Related informationEnabling metrics for the AWS SDK for Java
Question: How can I use custom policy rules with my Firewall Manager content audit security group policy?

I want to use custom policy rules with my AWS Firewall Manager content audit security group policy.

Short descriptionYou can use Firewall Manager content audit security group policies to check and manage rules that are in use in your organization's security groups. Content audit security group policies apply to all security groups in use in your organization in AWS Organizations. You can create custom policy rules for your content audit security group policy for your use case.For more information, see Content audit security group policies.

ResolutionComplete the Firewall Manager prerequisites, and then create the audit security group and policyBefore you begin, complete the Firewall Manager prerequisites.Create an audit security group with your Firewall Manager administrator account. Follow the best practices for security group policies and the security group policy limitations.Follow the steps for creating Firewall Manager content audit security group policy.Important: It's a best practice to create an audit security group policy with automatic remediation deactivated. Review the effects of policy creation before activating automatic remediation. After you review the expected effects, you can edit the policy and then activate automatic remediation. When automatic remediation is activated, Firewall Manager updates or removes rules that are noncompliant with in-scope security groups."Allow only the rules defined in the audit security groups" policy ruleThis rule states that all in-scope security groups must only have rules that are within the allowed range of the policy's audit security group rules. In this case, the policy's security group rules provide the example of what's acceptable to do.Example use caseTo allow SSH from allow-listed CIDRs in the range 10.0.0.0/16, use an inbound rule allowing SSH (TCP port 22) from 10.0.0.0/16 only. Security group rules allowing SSH from other CIDRs in another range (for example, 10.0.0.0/8) aren't allowed.For more information, see Content audit security group policies."Deny the use of any rules defined in the audit security groups" policy ruleThis rule states that all in-scope security groups must only have rules that aren't within the allowed range of the policy's audit security group rules. In this case, the policy's security group provides the example of what's not acceptable to do.Example use caseTo deny inbound TCP access on the port range 1024 to 65535, use an inbound rule allowing TCP traffic in the range 0.0.0.0/0. Security group rules allowing TCP traffic in the port range 1024 to 65535 from any CIDR aren't allowed.

Related informationHow do I set up AWS Firewall Manager for my AWS account?
Question: How do I redirect a domain in CloudFront?

I want to redirect my domain to another domain in Amazon CloudFront. How can I do this?Short descriptionTo redirect a domain in CloudFront, use one of the following:An Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) website endpoint that returns a 301 status codeAn edge function that redirects requests to the new domainAn Amazon S3 website endpoint redirection moves the existing URL path to the redirected domain. Edge functions allow you to redirect viewers to other pages based on information in the request, or rewrite all requests from one path to another.

ResolutionUse an Amazon S3 endpoint that returns a 301 status codeFollow the instructions in theRedirect using Route 53 and Amazon S3 section of How can I redirect one domain to another in Route 53?Use an edge function that redirects requests to the new domainFor more information on the difference between Lambda@Edge and CloudFront functions, see Choosing between CloudFront Functions and Lambda@Edge.For Lambda@Edge:See Customizing at the edge with Lambda@Edge. For example code, see Example: Generating an HTTP redirect (generated response).For CloudFront Functions:See Customizing at the edge with CloudFront Functions. For example code, see Redirect the viewer to a new URL.

Related informationConfiguring a webpage redirectCreating a Lambda@Edge function in the Lambda consoleTutorial: Creating a simple function with CloudFront Functions
Question: How can I use Data Pipeline to copy tables from one database table to another?

I want to use AWS Data Pipeline to copy a table to a different database. For example, I want to copy an Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) for MySQL table or Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL table to Amazon Redshift.

ResolutionCopy an Amazon RDS for MySQL table to Amazon RedshiftCreate a pipeline using one of the following Data Pipeline templates:Full copy of Amazon RDS for MySQL table to Amazon RedshiftIncremental copy of an Amazon RDS for MySQL table to Amazon RedshiftFor more information about these templates, see Amazon RDS to Amazon Redshift templates.Copy an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL table to an Amazon Redshift tableUse the PostgresqlRdsToRedshift scripts from the AWSLabs GitHub repository. Before you begin, modify the postgresqlRDS-to-Redshift-definition.json file with the following:Your databaseYour Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instanceThe path to your hosted shell script in Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3)Note: Be sure to modify the JSON file according to your use case.Copy an Amazon RDS for MySQL table to an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL tableUse the MySqlRdsToPostgreSqlRds scripts from the AWSLabs GitHub repository. Before you begin, modify the mysqlRDS-psqlRDS-copy-using-shell-definition.json file with the following:Your databaseYour EC2 instanceThe path to your hosted shell script in Amazon S3Note: Be sure to modify the JSON file according to your use case.

Related informationDefine a pipeline in JSON format
Question: What do I do if I receive the error "Your account is in an invalid state" when I try to access services through my AWS account?

I received the error message “Please contact customer service, your account is in an invalid state” when I tried to access the services through my AWS account.

ResolutionAWS accounts can take up to 24 hours to fully activate. If your account was created recently, wait a few hours.If you created your AWS account more than 24 hours ago, then check the inbox of the email address associated with the AWS account root user of your account. Occasionally, AWS requires additional documents or verification steps to fully activate your account.If the error message persists, create a case with AWS Support, and then choose Account and billing support.

Related informationHow do I create and activate a new AWS account?
Question: How can I change the VPC of an Amazon Aurora for MySQL or PostgreSQL cluster?

How can I change the Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) that is associated with an Amazon Aurora cluster?Short descriptionYou can't modify the VPC of an Aurora cluster or instance. However, you can change the VPC of an Aurora cluster by using one of the following methods:Create a clone in a different VPC.Take a snapshot and then restore the snapshot in a different VPC.Set up replication using binary logging (MySQL only).

ResolutionCreate a clone in a different VPCIf you clone a database in an Aurora cluster, then you can change the VPC of the clone. However, the subnets in the VPC must map to the same set of Availability Zones. For more information, see Cloning databases in an Aurora DB cluster.Take a snapshot and then restore the snapshot in a different VPCIf you create a snapshot of an Aurora instance or cluster, then you can restore the snapshot to the new VPC. For more information, see Restoring from a DB cluster snapshot.Set up replication using binary logging using MySQLIf you use Amazon Aurora for MySQL and you set up replication using binary logging, then you can change the VPC of an Aurora cluster with minimal downtime.Create a new Aurora cluster in the target VPC.Set up manual MySQL replication between the two Aurora clusters.Promote the replica to be a standalone cluster.

Related informationWorking with an Amazon RDS DB Instance in a VPCHow do I change the VPC for an RDS DB instance?
Question: Why do I get the error "The service is unavailable. Please try again shortly" when modifying my Amazon EBS volume?

When I try to modify my Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume, I get the error "The service is unavailable. Please try again shortly."ResolutionWhen you're modifying an Amazon EBS volume, you might get the error "The service is unavailable. Please try again shortly." This error occurs because an operational activity is being performed on the systems that host your volume. The operational activity doesn't affect your volume performance or availability. You can continue to read or write during the operational activity. However, you can't modify your volume.You can view notifications about the AWS services that you use by logging in to the AWS Health Dashboard. You receive notifications on the dashboard when an operation for an AWS service begins and another one after the operation is complete. Continue to monitor the dashboard until you receive the notification that the operation is complete. Then, you can begin modifying your volume.If you can't wait until the operation is complete, then you can create a new volume with your desired size and performance. After you create the new volume, restore the data from the snapshot of your existing volume. For more information, see Replace a volume using a previous snapshot. If you don't have a snapshot of your volume, then see Create Amazon EBS snapshots.
Question: "What are Elastic IP addresses, and how do I use them?"

I want to have a public IP address for my EC2 instance that will persist even if my instance is stopped and restarted. How do I do that?ResolutionAn Elastic IP address is a reserved public IP address that you can assign to any EC2 instance in a particular region, until you choose to release it. To allocate an Elastic IP address to your account in a particular Region, see Allocate an Elastic IP address.When you associate an Elastic IP address with an EC2 instance, it replaces the default public IP address. If an external hostname is allocated to the instance from your launch settings, it also replaces this hostname. Otherwise, it creates one for the instance. The Elastic IP address remains in place through events that normally cause the address to change, such as stopping or restarting the instance.Note: This description applies to most AWS accounts, which are EC2-VPC by default.

Related informationAWS service quotas