VishaalY/solutions-architect-hf-dataset huggingface dataset:
Question: "When I try to access an S3 object, I get the error "Request has expired." Why?"

I'm trying to access an object in Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3), but I'm getting the error message "Request has expired." How can I fix this?ResolutionAmazon S3 returns this error message when you try to access a presigned URL past the specified expiration date of the URL.For example, in the following response, the expiration date of the presigned URL is October 28, 2022. You'll get an error message if you try to access this URL after that date.<Error>    <Code>AccessDenied</Code>    <Message>Request has expired</Message>    <Expires>2022-10-28T07:13:14Z</Expires>    <ServerTime>2022-10-28T20:03:02Z</ServerTime>    <RequestId>87E1D2CFAAA7F9A6</RequestId>    <HostId>    A9BEluTV2hk3ltdFkixvQFa/yUBfUSgDjptwphKze+jXR6tYbpHCx8Z7y6WTfxu3rS4cGk5/WTQ=    </HostId></Error>To resolve this issue, the owner of the object must generate a new presigned URL with a new expiration date. If you own that object, see presign or Sharing objects using presigned URLs for more information.Note: The presigned URL might expire before the configured expiration date. This is because the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) entity STS token has expired before the presigned URL expiration date. For more information about STS session duration, see Comparing the AWS STS API operations.

Related informationGenerating a presigned URL to upload an object
Question: How can I find out which user launched an EC2 instance in my account?

I want to identify the user that launched an Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance in my account. How can I view this information?ResolutionAWS CloudTrail allows you to view the last 90 days of recorded API activity and events in an Amazon Web Services (AWS) Region. When viewing your CloudTrail event history, you can apply one attribute filter and a time range filter to narrow the results.Before you begin, identify the instance ID for the instance that you want to investigate. Follow these steps:Open the Amazon EC2 console, and then choose Instances from the navigation pane.Select the instance, and note the Instance ID from the Detailstab.To view CloudTrail events and identify the user information associated with the instance launch, follow these steps:Open the CloudTrail console, and then choose Event history from the navigation pane.For Filter, choose Resource name from the dropdown menu.For Enter resource name, enter the instance ID.(Optional) For Time range, select a time range.In the list of results, look for RunInstances in the Event name column, and then select that result to expand the event details.Choose View event to view the event details, including information about who initiated the instance launch request.

Related informationViewing CloudTrail events in the CloudTrail console
Question: How do I create a WorkSpaces image?

I want to create a custom Windows or Linux Amazon WorkSpaces image. How can I do that?ResolutionBefore you create a WorkSpaces image, review the requirements and best practices for creating custom images:Requirements to create Windows custom imagesRequirements to create Amazon Linux custom imagesBest practicesCreate a custom WorkSpaces imageRun the Image Checker.Create an image from WorkSpaces, and then create a custom bundle from the image. For instructions, see Create a custom image and custom bundle.

Related informationAdminister your WorkSpacesCreate a custom WorkSpaces image and bundle
Question: How do I use environment variables from an Elastic Beanstalk instance shell?

I want to use environment variables from an AWS Elastic Beanstalk instance shell.

Short descriptionIn Elastic Beanstalk, environment variables aren't exposed to the operating system.To use a utility with environment variables from the operating system when the environment variables are set as Elastic Beanstalk environment variables, you must use a .ebextension that exports the environment variables to operating system variables.The following resolution shows you how to:1.    Use the get-config utility to read your Elastic Beanstalk environment variables.2.    Use the jq utility (from the jq website) to transform the get-config output from JSON to shell variables.3.    Save the variables on the /etc/profile.d/sh.local file. This file is read by Bash to export variables to the operating system.Resolution1.    Create a .ebextension file in your application source bundle and include the following:commands:    setvars:        command: /opt/elasticbeanstalk/bin/get-config environment | jq -r 'to_entries | .[] | "export \(.key)=\"\(.value)\""' > /etc/profile.d/sh.localpackages:    yum:        jq: []Note: The configuration file in step 1 is called setvars.config.2.    Save the .ebextension file, and then deploy it to your Elastic Beanstalk environment.3.    To test if the variables are being exported, connect to your instance using SSH, and then run the following command. Before testing, close any existing sessions and then reconnect using SSH.env | grep VARIABLE_NAMEImportant: For step 3, set VARIABLE_NAME to a variable defined in your environment.The output shows if your environment variables are set correctly. In the following example output, a variable called RDS_PORT is defined in the Elastic Beanstalk environment.$ env|grep RDS_PORTRDS_PORT=3306Note: Because you're using the commands on the .ebextension, you can update the sh.local file only with a new deployment. If you add or change a variable in the environment, then you must create a new deployment before the variable is exported to the operating system.
Question: Why is my AWS OpsWorks Stacks instance not starting and stuck in the "setup_failed" state?

One of my Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instances that's managed by AWS OpsWorks Stacks is stuck in the "setup_failed" state. Why won't my OpsWorks Stacks instance enter the "online" state, and how do I troubleshoot the issue?Short descriptionAn OpsWorks Stacks instance can enter the setup_failed state and not start during a setup lifecycle event for a variety of reasons. However, the problem is usually because one of the following resources is misconfigured:Custom recipesApplicationsCustom Berkshelf cookbooksCustom JSON that's used to override stack attributesFor more information on how to troubleshoot instances in the setup_failed state, see Logging in to a failed instance in the OpsWorks User Guide.Note: For instances stuck in the start_failed state, see Why is my AWS OpsWorks Stacks instance not starting and stuck in the "start_failed" state?ResolutionVerify that your instance's Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume is configured correctlyReview Registering Amazon EBS volumes with a stack and make sure that your instance meets all of the requirements listed.Verify that your custom recipe is configured correctlyReview your instance's Chef logs to identify what's causing the issue. Then, debug your custom recipe based on the error message that's recorded in the logs.For more information, see Recipes in the OpsWorks User Guide.Verify that your instance has enough memory to allocate during the setup lifecycle eventFor instructions on how to review your instance's memory metrics, see Monitoring Stacks using Amazon CloudWatch.
Question: How can I download and access AWS Artifact SOC reports?

I requested access to an AWS Artifact Service Organization Control (SOC) report, but didn't receive a response, or I received a message similar to the following:"You need additional approval from AWS to access this report."ResolutionOpen the AWS Artifact console. Then, follow these instructions to configure and submit an access request for AWS Artifact documents and open SOC reports.AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) user permissionsBy default, only the AWS account root user has permissions to access AWS Artifact compliance documents (also known as audit artifacts or reports). To provide AWS Artifact permissions to an IAM entity using IAM policies, see Identity and access management in AWS Artifact. If you provided IAM permissions and get an error message, see the "error message in AWS Artifact console" section in the AWS Artifact FAQ.Important:If multi-factor authentication (MFA) is enabled for an IAM user with an enforce MFA policy attached, you must sign in using MFA.For AWS Organizations accounts, be sure that service control policies (SCP) do not deny access to AWS Artifact reports.I submitted the AWS Artifact access form and received approval, but still can't access the report or didn't receive a responseAfter you submit the AWS Artifact Access Request Form for access to a SOC report, access is granted within one business day. If you can't access AWS Artifact documents after one business day, be sure that your information in the form is correct.If the information in the form is correct and your request to access AWS Artifact wasn't approved, submit the AWS Compliance Contact Us form.Open the SOC report in the downloadAWS Artifact reports contain a copy of the signed NDA and the document that you downloaded. To access the SOC report in the AWS Artifact download, choose the paperclip icon in the PDF. If you don't see the AWS Artifact report download, see Troubleshooting.For more information, see How to open AWS Artifact reports.

Related informationHow can I download and share AWS Artifact documents with regulators and auditors, or with others in my company?SOC Report FAQLearn how to use AWS Artifact to retrieve your compliance reports
Question: How can I create a Client VPN endpoint using certificate-based authentication?

I want to access my AWS Resources using AWS Client VPN. How can I create a Client VPN endpoint using certificate-based authentication?ResolutionThe Client VPN endpoint is the server where all Client VPN sessions are terminated. The endpoint, managed by AWS, establishes a secure Transport Layer Security (TLS) connection between your VPC and the OpenVPN-based client. To create a Client VPN endpoint using certificate-based authentication, follow these steps:Generate server and client certificates and keysTo authenticate the clients, you must generate the following, and then upload them to AWS Certificate Manager (ACM):Server and client certificatesClient keysCreate a Client VPN endpointWhen you create a Client VPN endpoint, specify the Server Certificate ARN provided by ACM. You also must choose a Client IPv4 CIDR, which is the IP address range assigned to the clients after the VPN is established. Note that the IP address range can't overlap with the VPC CIDR block.You can enable client connection logging with CloudWatch Logs and specify custom DNS servers for clients to use. You can also enable split-tunnel on the VPN endpoint, and then select UDP or TCP as the transport protocol.Enable VPN connectivity for clientsTo enable clients to establish a VPN session, you must associate a target network with the Client VPN endpoint. A target network is a subnet in a VPC. One subnet association is sufficient for clients to access a VPC's entire network, if authorization rules permit this. You can associate additional subnets to provide high availability if an Availability Zone goes down.Authorize clients to access VPC resources or any other networkTo authorize clients to access the VPC, create an authorization rule. The authorization rule specifies the clients that can access the VPC.You can also enable access to additional networks, such as AWS services, peered VPCs, on-premises networks, or the internet. For each additional network, you must add a route to the Client VPN endpoint route table and then configure an authorization rule to give clients access.To authorize clients to access your VPC and different networks, see Add an authorization rule for the VPC.Download the Client VPN endpoint configuration fileThe final step is to download and prepare the Client VPN endpoint configuration file. Provide this file to clients so that they can upload the configuration settings into their VPN client application.

Related informationGetting started with Client VPN
Question: How can I load data to Amazon Redshift from my Salesforce account using Amazon AppFlow?

I want to extract data from my Salesforce account and load it to Amazon Redshift.

Short descriptionTo extract data from your Salesforce account and load it to Amazon Redshift, you must:Allow Salesforce edition to provide API access to Amazon AppFlow.Check that your Salesforce account meets the requirements to load data to Amazon Redshift.Run Amazon AppFlow on demand to test the connectivity and flow, end to end.Note: To load your Salesforce data to Amazon Redshift, Amazon Redshift must have a public security group.

ResolutionLog in to your Salesforce account.Choose Setup, and then, in the search window, enter Company Information.Under Organization edition, note the edition of Salesforce that you're using. Note: Salesforce Enterprise, Unlimited, Developer, and Performance editions provide API access, but Professional and Essentials editions don't. Check the latest information on which editions provide API access before continuing.In the navigation pane, choose Users, and then choose Profiles.Choose System administrator, and then choose the System Administrator link.On the next page, under Administrative Permissions, select the check box for API enabled.Log in to the Amazon AppFlow console, and choose Create flow.Under Flow details, enter a name and description for your flow.Under Source name, type Salesforce, and then, under Choose Salesforce connection, choose Create new connection.Under Salesforce environment, choose Production, and then enter a name for your connection.Choose Continue. This opens the Salesforce login page. Enter your user ID and password to continue. After you log in and allow access, the connection from Amazon AppFlow to Salesforce is established.On the Configure flow page in Salesforce, choose the object that you want to migrate.In the Destination details section, for Destination name, search for and then choose Amazon Redshift.Under New connection, choose Create new connection.On the Connect to Amazon Redshift page, enter the details of your Amazon Redshift connection. Be sure that Amazon Redshift has a public security group.Attach this AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) decrypt policy to the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) role for Amazon Redshift:{    "Effect": "Allow",    "Action": "kms:Decrypt",    "Resource": "*" }Choose the Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) bucket that you want Amazon AppFlow to use when migrating data to Amazon Redshift.Under Choose Amazon Redshift object, enter the Amazon Redshift schema name. Then, under Choose Redshift table, enter the Amazon Redshift table name.Under Error handling, choose the Amazon S3 bucket that you want to write records to if an issue stops records being written to the destination.On the Map data fields page, choose the object fields that you want to migrate from the destination to the source. Then, choose Map fields.Review all your details, and then choose Run flow.After running the flow, check the records in the destination table.

Related informationWhat is Amazon AppFlow?Supported source and destination applications
Question: How do I manage my AWS service quotas?

How do I increase my service quotas, and how do I manage my service quotas as I scale up?ResolutionAWS maintains service quotas (formerly called service limits) for each account to help guarantee the availability of AWS resources and prevent accidental provisioning of more resources than needed.Increase your service quotasYou can use Service Quotas console to view and request increases for most AWS quotas.Important: Most service quotas are specific to an AWS Region. Select the AWS Region where you require the quota increase in.For all other quota increase requests, create a case in the AWS Support console, and then choose Service Limit Increase.Note: You aren't charged if your service quotas are increased. You're charged only if you launch or use AWS resources or services.Monitor and proactively manage your service quotasYou can see your quota utilization in the Service Quotas console. You can also create Amazon CloudWatch alarms for supported services. For more information, see Service Quotas and Amazon CloudWatch Alarms.

Related informationAWS service quotas
Question: Why am I receiving an "EFS Disk Quota Exceeded" error when connecting to my file system?

I'm receiving a "Disk quota exceeded" error when attempting to connect to my Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system. How can I troubleshoot this error and prevent it from happening again?ResolutionThe Disk quota exceeded error message occurs when a limit on the disk is exceeded. This occurs when you hit the Network File System (NFS) client limit, because Amazon EFS doesn't support user disk quotas. Or, this error occurs when a user tries to open a file on an EFS file system that reached its limit. For more information, see Quotas for NFS clients.You might also receive the following error messages when you exceed a limit:LockObtainFailedException: This error might occur if the number of locks is exceeded.write.lock: java.io.IOException: This error might occur if you exceed an NFS client quota when using a Java-based application.Prevent disk quota exceeded errorsTo prevent exceeding disk quotas, do the following:Identify a specific limit. You can use performance monitoring tools such as nfsstat and nfsiostat. For more information on these tools, see the Red Hat page Using nfsstat and nfsiostat to troubleshoot NFS performance issues on Linux. Modify your application so that it doesn't exceed specific limits, such as for user accounts, open files, and process locks.Split your workload across more instances. Depending on your NFS client, there are various file usage limits that might result in a Disk quota exceeded error. However, there's only one limit shared across all clients that leads to this error. Specifically, a file can have up to 512 locks across all instances connected and users accessing that file. Therefore, by splitting the workload across more instances, you reduce the chances of reaching an instance's limit.If you continue to receive disk quota exceeded errors after following the steps above, contact the AWS support team for additional troubleshooting.
Question: Why doesn't Amazon CloudFront cache files in the amount of time I specified?

I want to specify the amount of time that my Amazon CloudFront distribution caches objects, so I added Cache-Control or Expires headers on the origin. However, CloudFront doesn't cache objects for the amount of time I specified, or CloudFront doesn't cache at all. Why is this happening?ResolutionBe sure that the directives that you set on the Cache-Control or Expires headers don't conflict with each other. As a best practice, use the Cache-Control max-age directive instead of the Expires header. If you specify values for both, then CloudFront uses only the value that you set for Cache-Control max-age.Additionally, verify that the Minimum TTL, Default TTL, and Maximum TTL that you set on the CloudFront distribution don't conflict with the Cache-Control or Expires headers.If these cache-duration settings conflict with each other, then CloudFront might not cache objects for the set time, or CloudFront may not cache at all. Avoid these examples of cache-duration settings that conflict with each other:If you set the Maximum TTL to 5 minutes (300 seconds) and the Cache-Control max-age header to 1 hour (3600 seconds), then CloudFront caches the object for 5 minutes instead of 1 hour.If you set the Cache-Control max-age header to 3 hours and the Expires header to 1 month, then CloudFront caches the object for 3 hours instead of 1 month.If you set the Default, Minimum, and Maximum TTL to 0 seconds, then CloudFront always verifies that it has the most recent content from the origin.Important: If you update an origin asset with a caching header, then CloudFront reflects the change only after CloudFront makes a new request to your origin. CloudFront makes a new request to your origin when the cached asset expires in the edge locations. Then, your distribution receives a new request for the asset. To force CloudFront to reflect the update before the cached asset is set to expire, invalidate the cache.

Related informationObject caching
Question: How do I troubleshoot HTTP 4XX errors in Amazon DynamoDB?

I want to resolve 4xx exceptions or UserErrors in Amazon DynamoDB.

Short descriptionAn HTTP 4xx status code indicates that there is a problem with your request, such as an authentication failure, missing required parameters, or exceeding a table's provisioned throughput. You must fix the issue in your application before submitting the request again. For a complete list of 4xx errors, see HTTP status code 400.You can view these client-side errors for all tables and streams in the same Region and account using the Amazon CloudWatch UserErrors metric. Exceptions, such as IncompleteSignatureException, ResourceNotFoundException, and ValidationException, result in user errors. However, the UserErrors metric doesn't capture ProvisionedThroughputExceededException or ConditionalCheckFailedException. For more information, see DynamoDB metrics.You might also get 4xx errors because of the temporary table state. In these cases, you can retry your requests later.

ResolutionThe applicable statistics for UserError are the following values:Sum: the total number of user errors during the time frameSampleCount: the total number of requests that resulted in user errors during the time frameTo resolve user errors on the client side:To find the root causes of user errors, note the time frame that's specified in the UserError metric. Then, check that time frame in the client's application logs.To prevent user errors, add try-catch or if-then statements to catch and respond to exceptions. For more information, see Error handling with DynamoDB.

Related informationCommon errors