VishaalY/solutions-architect-hf-dataset huggingface dataset:
Question: Why is my CloudWatch canary failing with the error "Cannot find module '/opt/nodejs/node_modules/myfunction"?

Why is my Amazon CloudWatch canary failing with the error "Cannot find module '/opt/nodejs/node_modules/myfunction"?ResolutionIf you don't use the structure required by CloudWatch when creating a .zip file of your function and dependencies, then you receive an error. The error message reads: Cannot find module '/opt/nodejs/node_modules/myfunction.You must create your .zip file under the nodejs/node_modules file path (such as nodejs/node_modules/myCanaryFilename.js). To create your .zip file under the correct file path, do the following:1.    Create the required structure.mkdir -p /nodejs/node_modules/2.    Copy your CloudWatch canary function to /nodejs/node_modules/.Note: The handler naming convention is filename.handler.cp CanaryFunction.js /nodejs/node_modules/cp -R /lib /nodejs/node_modules/3.    Zip your directory on the top of /nodejs.zip -r Canary.zip ./nodejs/*Note: When creating a Synthetics canary from scratch, if you have multiple .js files or script dependencies, then bundle all files into a single .zip file. Use the following folder structure: "nodejs/node_modules". For example, nodejs/node_modules/myCanaryFilename.js file and other folders and files.

Related informationPackaging your canary files
Question: How can I create a Storage Gateway file share using an Amazon S3 prefix?

I want to create an AWS Storage Gateway file share that maps to a single Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) prefix. How can I do that?ResolutionWhen creating a file share for S3 File Gateways, you can specify an S3 prefix that allows you to organize your file share objects. For example, if your bucket is named examplebucket and it has the prefix exampleprefix/, you can specify this prefix while creating the file share. To do this in the console, feed examplebucket for the Amazon S3 bucket name field, and feed exampleprefix/ for the S3 prefix name field. This allows you to organize all the objects that are created in the root of the file share inside the prefix of the S3 bucket, rather than the root of the bucket. For more information on S3 prefixes, see Organizing objects using prefixes.Before you create a file share that maps to an Amazon S3 prefix, you must confirm that the prefix doesn't overlap with the prefix of another file share. It's a best practice to not create file shares with overlapping prefixes because this can lead to Read/Write conflicts. If you already created a file share that maps to the root of the bucket, then you must first update the existing file share to point to another prefix within the bucket.After you confirm that no other file shares point to the Amazon S3 prefix that you want to map your new file share to, follow the steps to create a Network File System (NFS) file share or Server Message Block (SMB) file share. For Amazon S3 bucket name, enter the name of the relevant bucket. For Prefix name, enter the prefix that you want to map the file share to.Note the following requirements for mapping a file share to an Amazon S3 prefix:The prefix must end with "/".After you create a file share with a specified prefix, you can't modify or delete the prefix on the file share's settings.
Question: How do I install the rJDBC package in the R environment of my Amazon SageMaker notebook instance?

I want to install the rJDBC package in the R environment of my Amazon SageMaker notebook instance.

ResolutionTo install the rJDBC package in the R environment of your SageMaker notebook instance, do the following:1.    Open the SageMaker console.2.    In the navigation pane, choose Notebook, and then choose Notebook instances.3.    Choose the notebook instance where you want to install the rJDBC package.4.    Choose Open JupyterLab. Be sure that the notebook can connect to the internet. This connection is required so that you can download the rJDBC package from the Anaconda repository.5.    Open a new terminal and run the following commands in the given sequence:source activate Rconda install -y -c r r-rjdbcconda deactivate6.    Open a new Jupyter notebook with the R kernel.7.    Run the following command in a cell:dyn.load('/home/ec2-user/anaconda3/envs/R/lib/jvm/lib/server/libjvm.so')8.    To confirm that the rJDBC package is installed, run the following command in the Jupyter notebook:library(RJDBC)The output must look similar to the following:Loading required package: DBILoading required package: rJava

Related informationAccess notebook instancesInstall external libraries and kernels in notebook instances
Question: What is an Amazon EC2 Reserved Instance?

What is an Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) Reserved Instance, and what benefits does it provide?ResolutionAn Amazon Reserved Instance (RI) is a billing discount that allows you to save on your Amazon EC2 usage costs. When you purchase a Reserved Instance, you can set attributes such as instance type, platform, tenancy, Region, or Availability Zone (optional).Any existing or new On-Demand Instances matching the selected attributes are charged at the discounted Reserved Instance price. Reserved Instances act as an automatic discount on new or existing On-Demand Instances in your account.Note: Because a Reserved Instance is a billing discount, it doesn't affect the running of any existing instances.Receiving RI discountsThe Reserved Instance doesn't provide a discount until you launch an instance with the required specifications.You receive discounts or capacity reservations depending on the RI that you choose:Regional Reserved Instances provide a pricing discount that helps you save money. Regional RIs apply a discount to On-Demand Instances you run in a particular Region.Zonal Reserved Instances allow you to create a capacity reservation for an instance type within a specific Availability Zone. Zonal RIs also provide substantial discounts over On-Demand Pricing.For more information on the differences between zonal and Regional Reserved Instances, see Regional and zonal Reserved Instances (scope).Size of RI discountsThe size of the discount that you receive depends on whether you're using a standard RI or a convertible RI:Standard RIs provide the largest discount for a specific instance type over a long-term contract.Convertible RIs provide a smaller discount, but let you change the instance type during the contract.For more information on Standard and Convertible Reserved Instances, see Types of Reserved Instances (offering classes).Purchasing an RIIf you are considering purchasing a RI, see What should I consider before purchasing an Amazon EC2 Reserved Instance?Related informationCan I use AWS promotional credits to purchase Reserved Instances?
Question: Why is my presigned URL for an Amazon S3 bucket expiring before the expiration time that I specified?

I created a presigned URL for an Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) bucket using a temporary token. However, the URL expired before the expiration time that I specified. Why did this happen? How can I create a presigned URL that's valid for a longer time?ResolutionIf you created a presigned URL using a temporary token, then the URL expires when the token expires. The URL expires even if the URL was created with a later expiration time.The credentials that you can use to create a presigned URL include:AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) instance profile: Valid up to six hours.AWS Security Token Service (STS): Valid up to 36 hours when signed by an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) user, or valid up to one hour when signed by the root user.IAM user: Valid up to seven days when using AWS Signature Version 4.To create a presigned URL that's valid up to seven days, designate IAM user credentials (the access key and secret access key) to your SDK. Then, generate a presigned URL using AWS Signature Version 4. For examples, see Signature calculations in AWS Signature Version 4.When creating a presigned URL, keep the following points in mind:Services that assume a role, such as the AWS Lambda execution role, don't necessarily comply with the role's session duration settings.Because presigned URLs grant Amazon S3 bucket access to whoever has the URL, it's a best practice to protect them appropriately.If you created a presigned URL using a temporary token, then the URL expires when the token expires. This is true even if the URL was created with a later expiration time.To allow users access to the objects in your Amazon S3 bucket for longer than seven days, consider using one of these options:Amazon CloudFront signed URLs and cookiesAmazon CloudFront origin access identity (OAI)Web identity federation with Amazon Cognito

Related informationSharing objects using presigned URLsGetSessionTokenRetrieve security credentials from instance metadataAuthenticating requests: Using query parameters (AWS Signature Version 4)Boto 3 Docs: S3
Question: Why doesn’t my Amazon SQS FIFO queue return all messages or messages in other message groups?

My Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) First-In-First-Out (FIFO) queue doesn’t return some messages when I call the ReceiveMessage API. Why doesn’t my SQS FIFO queue return all messages from a specific message group ID or from other message groups?ResolutionFor FIFO queues, you can’t request to receive messages from a specific message group ID. When you specify a MaxNumberOfMessages parameter in the ReceiveMessage API call, SQS returns as many messages with the same message group ID as possible. Other consumers or other ReceiveMessage calls can then process messages with a different message group ID.For FIFO queues, when you receive a message belonging to a particular message group ID, note the following:You must delete or move messages in the current receive call before you can receive more messages from the same group ID.Note: Messages must be moved from inflight available state.You can’t receive messages in other message groups.A FIFO queue looks through the first 20,000 messages to determine available message group. If all message groups in the first 20,000 messages are blocked due to inflight messages, then messages from other groups beyond the first 20,000 won't return. For more information, see Avoid having a large backlog of messages with the same group ID.Example AA FIFO queue has a total of 20,001 messages. The first 20,000 messages belong to message group 1, and the last message belongs to message group 2. When you try to receive messages from the queue, you receive a message only from group 1. Any consecutive ReceiveMessage calls result in empty receives. This happens because FIFO looks through only the messages that belong to group 1, and that group is blocked by the current call.Example BA FIFO queue has a total of 20,000 messages. The first 19,999 messages belong to message group 1, and the last message belongs to message group 2. When you try to receive messages from the queue, the first ReceiveMessage call gets a message belonging to group 1. The second ReceiveMessage call gets a message belonging to group 2. Any additional ReceiveMessage calls result in empty receives since both groups are now blocked by the current calls.

Related informationAmazon SQS FIFO (First-In-First-Out) queuesUsing the Amazon SQS message group ID
Question: How do I create an AWS Storage Gateway S3 file gateway using Amazon EC2 as the host platform?

I want to create an AWS Storage Gateway to store files on Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3). How do I create this file gateway using Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) as the host platform?ResolutionNote: This resolution explains how to create a file gateway with Amazon EC2, but the steps are similar for an on-premises deployment. For more information, see Create and activate an Amazon S3 File Gateway.Open the Storage Gateway console, then choose Create gateway.For Gateway settings, set a gateway name and set a time zone. Then, choose Next.For Gateway options, choose Amazon S3 File Gateway. Then, choose Next.For Platform options, choose Amazon EC2. Then, choose Launch instance. You are redirected to the EC2 console.In the Amazon EC2 console, configure the EC2 instance using the Launch an Instance wizard.Proceed with the steps to connect to the file gateway, activate the file gateway, and then configure local disks.----%3E).Create the file share.

Related informationFile Gateway setup requirements
Question: How do I transfer the ownership of an Amazon S3 bucket to a different AWS account?

I want to transfer the ownership of Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) bucket from one AWS account to a different account.

ResolutionYou can't transfer Amazon S3 bucket ownership between AWS accounts because the bucket is always owned by the account that created it. Instead, you can copy Amazon S3 objects from one bucket to another so that you give ownership of the copied objects to the destination account. For instructions, see How can I copy S3 objects from another AWS account?Warning: AWS Support can't transfer bucket ownership or copy Amazon S3 objects or manipulate any configuration options in AWS accounts. Also, you can't separate an AWS account from an Amazon.com account.
Question: How do I use the S3 Storage Lens dashboard to view prefix-level metrics for my Amazon S3 bucket?

I want to use Amazon S3 Storage Lens dashboards to view prefix-level daily usage metrics for my Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) buckets.

ResolutionTo view the daily usage metrics at the prefix level, activate the Amazon S3 advanced metrics and recommendations feature on the S3 Storage Lens dashboard. The dashboard includes the following metrics:Storage metrics, such as total storage and object countCost optimization metrics, such as noncurrent version object count and delete marker object countTo view prefix-level metrics, activate the Prefix aggregation option.Note: S3 Storage Lens doesn't publish prefix-level activity metrics. Create an Amazon S3 Storage Lens dashboard with Advanced metrics and Prefix aggregation options activatedOpen the Amazon S3 console.In the navigation pane, under S3 Storage Lens, choose Dashboards.Choose Create dashboard.On the Dashboard page, in the General section, enter a name for the dashboard.Under Metrics selection, choose Advanced metrics and recommendations. Under Advanced metrics and recommendations features, choose Prefix aggregation.  Under Prefix aggregation, configure the following:Choose the minimum prefix threshold size for this dashboard. For example, a prefix threshold of five percent indicates that prefixes that make up five percent or more of the bucket's total storage size are aggregated. The minimum prefix threshold size is one percent. Choose the prefix depth. This setting indicates the maximum number of levels that the prefixes are evaluated at. The prefix depth must be less than 10.Enter a prefix delimiter character to identify each prefix level. The default value in Amazon S3 is the / character, but your storage structure might use other delimiter characters.Choose Create dashboard.After you create the dashboard, it takes up to 48 hours to start publishing the metrics.View the prefix-level metrics on the dashboardIn the Dashboard list, select the dashboard that you created in step 1.Choose the Prefix tab. By default, the dashboard shows metrics for top 10 prefixes. You can increase this number up to 50.Scroll to the Prefixes section to view usage metrics for the Top N prefixes. From the Metrics categories dropdown list, choose Summary and Cost optimization.You can determine the size of listed prefixes from the Total storage and Object count metrics.To view the prefix-level metrics for a particular S3 bucket or prefix, complete the following steps:On the dashboard page in Storage Lens, choose Filters. By default, Accounts, AWS Regions, Storage classes, Buckets, and Prefixes are selected for your dashboard.To filter to a specific S3 bucket or prefix, clear Select all. Then from the dropdown list, choose the options to filter.Choose Apply.Note: To see data for a specific metric, choose the metric from the Metric dropdown list in any section in the S3 Storage Lens dashboard.

Related informationCreating and updating Amazon S3 Storage Lens dashboards
Question: How can I download binary logs from an Amazon RDS MySQL DB instance?

How can I download binary logs from an Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) MySQL DB instance?Resolution1.    Install the mysqlbinlog utility on your client machine, if you haven't already:sudo yum install -y mysql2.    Connect to your RDS DB instance from the MySQL client.3.    Run the show binary logs command on the RDS DB instance, and review the output. You receive an output similar to the following that includes a list of the binary logs that are present on the RDS DB instance:mysql> show binary logs;+----------------------------+-----------+| Log_name                   | File_size |+----------------------------+-----------+| mysql-bin-changelog.068462 |       729 || mysql-bin-changelog.068463 |       578 || mysql-bin-changelog.068464 |       578 || mysql-bin-changelog.068465 |       154 |+----------------------------+-----------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)3.    Access the MySQL binary logs to download or stream the logs from your RDS DB instance.Related InformationMySQL Database Log FilesHow do I download my Amazon RDS DB instance logs?
Question: How can I use Systems Manager automation to enforce that only IMDSv2 is used to access instance metadata from my Amazon EC2 instance?

I want to use Instance Metadata Service Version 2 (IMDSv2) to access instance metadata from my Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance. How do I enforce IMDSv2 on my Amazon EC2 instance?Short descriptionBy default, you can retrieve instance metadata from a running Amazon EC2 instance using either or both of the following methods:Instance Metadata Service Version 1 (IMDSv1) – a request/response methodInstance Metadata Service Version 2 (IMDSv2) – a session-oriented methodTo require the use of IMDSv2 on an instance, you can run the AWS Systems Manager AWSSupport-ConfigureEC2Metadata Automation document.Important: If you enforce IMDSv2, then IMDSv1 no longer works, and applications that use IMDSv1 might not function correctly. Before enforcing IMDSv2, verify that any applications that use Amazon EC2 metadata are upgraded to a version that supports IMDSv2. For more information about instance metadata, see Configure the instance metadata service.

ResolutionPrerequisitesTo run the automation and read the output, you must have ssm:StartAutomationExecution and ssm:GetAutomationExecution permissions.Run the AWSSupport-ConfigureEC2Metadata Automation documentOpen the Systems Manager console, and then choose Automation from the navigation pane.Choose Execute automation.On the Owned by Amazon tab, for Automation document, enter AWSSupport-ConfigureEC2Metadata, and then press Enter.Select the radio button for the AWSSupport-ConfigureEC2Metadata document, and then choose Next.For Execute automation document, choose Simple execution.Note: If you need to run the automation on multiple targets, then choose Rate Control.For Input parameters, specify the following parameters:InstanceId: Enter the ID of the Amazon EC2 instance that you want to configure metadata settings for.HttpPutResponseHopLimit: Leave as 0 to retain the current value, or enter your desired value (1-64).EnforceIMDSv2: Choose required.MetadataAccess Choose enabled.(Optional) For AutomationAssumeRole, choose a role. If a role isn't specified, then Systems Manager Automation uses the permissions of the user that runs the document.Note: To change the target Amazon EC2 instance, the AutomationAssumeRole or user role must have ec2:ModifyInstanceMetadataOptions and ec2:DescribeInstances permissions. For more information about creating the assume role for Systems Manager Automation, see Create a service role for Automation.Choose Execute.You can also use the AWSSupport-ConfigureEC2Metadata document to change other Amazon EC2 instance metadata. For example, you can turn off metadata or change the value of the HttpPutResponseHopLimit  attribute. For more information, see AWSSupport-ConfigureEC2Metadata.

Related informationRetrieve instance metadata
Question: Why can't I run AWS CLI commands on my EC2 instance?

Why am I receiving errors while trying to run AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) commands on my Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance?Short descriptionWhen running AWS CLI commands on your instance, you might see one of the following error messages:"Unable to locate credentials. You can configure credentials by running 'aws configure'""An error occurred (UnauthorizedOperation) when calling the DescribeInstances operation: You are not authorized to perform this operation""An error occurred (AuthFailure) when calling the DescribeInstances operation: AWS was not able to validate the provided access credentials""An error occurred (ExpiredToken) when calling the GetCallerIdentity operation: The security token included in the request is expired"The operation listed in the error varies depending on the operation that you called when the error occurred. In the preceding examples, the errors occurred when calling the DescribeInstances and GetCallerIdentity operations.Note: For communication issues between the AWS CLI and one of the AWS service endpoints, confirm that the DNS resolution and any VPC endpoints work correctly. For more information, see the following:AWS PrivateLink and VPC endpointsHow do I create VPC endpoints so that I can use Systems Manager to manage private EC2 instances without internet access?Amazon DNS server

ResolutionVerify that you're running the most recent AWS CLI versionIf you receive errors when running AWS CLI commands, make sure that you’re using the most recent version of the AWS CLI.Unable to locate credentialsVerify that the AWS CLI is installed and configured correctly.When using AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) instance profiles, make sure that the IAM role association has completed.An error occurred (UnauthorizedOperation) and (AuthFailure)Make sure that the IAM role or IAM user has the correct permissions to run the relevant commands. For instructions on how to do this, see Why am I receiving the error message "You are not authorized to perform this operation" when I try to launch an EC2 instance?Make sure that the time on your Linux or Windows instance is correct.Make sure that you're using the correct Amazon Simple Token Service (AWS STS) token format. For more information, see Why did I receive the IAM error "AWS was not able to validate the provided access credentials" in some AWS Regions?Make sure that you're using the correct credentials to make the API call. If there are multiple sets of credentials on the instance, credential precedence might affect the credentials that the instance uses to make the API call. Verify the set of credentials that you're using by running the aws sts get-caller-identity command. For more information, see Why is my Amazon EC2 instance using IAM user credentials instead of role credentials?An error occurred (ExpiredToken)Temporary credentials expire at the time interval specified during creation. If the credentials for your IAM role are expired, then obtain a new STS token by  assuming a new IAM role.

Related informationHow can I troubleshoot issues with an IAM policy?