VishaalY/solutions-architect-hf-dataset huggingface dataset:
Question: How can I fix the connection to my Amazon EC2 instance or elastic network interface that has an attached Elastic IP address?

I tried to connect to my Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance using the attached Elastic IP address. However, I received a "Connection timed out" error. How can I fix the connection to my Amazon EC2 instance or elastic network interface that has an attached Elastic IP address?Short descriptionIf you can't connect to an Amazon EC2 instance or an elastic network interface that has an attached Elastic IP address, make sure of the following:Security group rules for inbound traffic allow connection to the port or protocol.Inbound and outbound network access control list (network ACL) rules allow connection to the port or protocol.The route table for the subnet of the elastic network interface has a route to send and receive traffic from the internet.The OS firewall on the Amazon EC2 instance allows traffic to the port or protocol.

ResolutionOpen the Amazon EC2 console.In the navigation pane, choose Instances. Then, select the instance that you're trying to connect to.On the Security tab, select the security group associated with the Amazon EC2 instance that has an Elastic IP address attached to it.On the Inbound rules tab, confirm that you have a security group rule that allows traffic from your source to your port or protocol. You can add an inbound rule if you don’t have one.Choose Instances, and then select the instance that you're trying to connect to.On the Networking tab, select the elastic network interface that has the attached Elastic IP address. Then, select the elastic network interface ID.On the Details tab, select the associated subnet ID.On the Network ACL tab, confirm that the inbound and outbound rules of the network ACL allow traffic to your port or protocol. You can add inbound and outbound rules if you don't have them.On the Route Table tab, confirm that you have a default route to an internet gateway to send traffic to the internet. If you don't have such a route in your route table, then add a 0.0.0.0/0 route to an internet gateway.Note: Be sure that your default route points to an internet gateway (not a NAT gateway). A NAT gateway doesn't allow inbound connections from the internet, except for the response traffic for an outgoing connection.Important: When you add a 0.0.0.0/0 route to an internet gateway, subnets associated with the route table are made public. Resources with public IP addresses in the associated subnets (for example, your Amazon EC2 instances) will be publicly accessible if they allow such traffic.Retry connecting to your instance.If you're still receiving connection timeout errors after completing the troubleshooting steps, do the following:Review the flow logs for your instance's elastic network interface. Check to confirm that the traffic to and from your source IP is recognized on the elastic network interface.Confirm that the traffic to and from your source IP is recognized on the elastic network interface.Confirm that the instance's OS-level firewall allows traffic.
Question: How do I use the forgot password flow in Amazon Cognito?

I need to use the forgot password flow to help users change their passwords in Amazon Cognito.

ResolutionAn Amazon Cognito user can invoke the ForgotPassword API to initiate a forgot password flow to reset their user password.Follow these steps to set up the forgot password flow to change a user's password in Amazon Cognito:1.    Invoke the ForgotPassword API to send a message to the user that includes a confirmation code that's required to reset the user's password.Important: In the example AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) commands, replace all instances of example strings with your values. (For example, replace "example_client_id" with your client ID.)Example forgot-password command:aws cognito-idp forgot-password --client-id example_client_id --username example_user_nameOutput:{  "CodeDeliveryDetails": {    "Destination": "t***@g***",    "DeliveryMedium": "EMAIL",    "AttributeName": "email"  }}The confirmation code message is sent to the user's verified email address or verified phone number. The recovery method can be customized in the AccountRecoverySetting parameter. The confirmation code message in the example goes to the user's verified email address. Your configuration depends on your use case.Note: If neither a verified phone number nor a verified email address exists for a user, then an InvalidParameterException error is thrown. To learn more about configuring email address and phone number verification, see Configuring email or phone verification.2.    Invoke the ConfirmForgotPassword API so that the user can enter the confirmation code to reset their password.Example confirm-forgot-password command:aws cognito-idp confirm-forgot-password --client-id example_client_id --username=user@example.com --password example_password --confirmation-code example_confirmation_code3.    If necessary, customize the password recovery error responses by setting PreventUserExistenceErrors to Enabled. To learn more, see Managing error responses.4.    If your app client is configured with a client secret in the user pool, then you must provide the secret hash. To learn more, see How do I troubleshoot "Unable to verify secret hash for client <client-id>" errors from my Amazon Cognito user pools API?
Question: How can I troubleshoot API Gateway WebSocket API connection errors?

I tried to connect to my Amazon API Gateway WebSocket API but I received errors. How do I troubleshoot my WebSocket API connection?Short descriptionAPI Gateway WebSocket API connection errors might occur due to:Insufficient permissions to make the request to the backendIncorrect fields for the API ID, AWS Region, and API stageErrors in the backend integrationAWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) authentication errors

ResolutionFollow these troubleshooting steps for your use case.Confirm that the WebSocket API has the required permissions to make a request to the backendAPI Gateway uses IAM roles, policies, tags, and AWS Lambda authorizers to control access to a WebSocket API. For more information, see Controlling and managing access to a WebSocket API in API Gateway.Also, make sure that the WebSocket API integration request is configured correctly.Confirm that the request is sent to the correct API ID, AWS Region, and API stageIn this example request URL, make sure that the following fields are correct:wss://a1b2c3d4e5.execute-api.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/productionThe WebSocket API ID "a1b2c3d4e5".The AWS Region "us-east-1".The API stage name "production" exists.Check CloudWatch logs for errorsFollow the instructions to turn on Amazon CloudWatch logs for troubleshooting API Gateway WebSocket APIs. If a Lambda function is integrated for the backend, check the CloudWatch logs for errors. For more information, see Accessing CloudWatch logs for AWS Lambda.Confirm that the API request is signed if the API method has IAM authentication turned onIf IAM authentication is turned on, then make sure that the API request is signed with Signature Version 4 (SigV4). For more information, see Signing AWS requests with Signature Version 4.To turn on IAM authentication for your API Gateway API, follow these steps:In the API Gateway console, choose the name of your API.In the Resources pane, choose a method (such as GET or POST) that you want to activate IAM authentication for.In the Method Execution pane, choose Method Request.Under Settings, for Authorization, choose the pencil icon (Edit). Choose AWS_IAM from the dropdown list, and then choose the check mark icon (Update).(Optional) Repeat steps 2-4 for each API method that you want to activate IAM authentication for.Deploy your WebSocket API for the changes to take effect.

Related informationMonitoring WebSocket API execution with CloudWatch metricsUse API Gateway Lambda authorizersHow do I troubleshoot HTTP 403 Forbidden errors when using a Lambda authorizer with an API Gateway REST API?How do I troubleshoot issues when connecting to an API Gateway private API endpoint?
Question: How can I troubleshoot the error "InvalidPermission.NotFound" with the AWS Config rule vpc-sg-open-only-to-authorized-ports and Systems Manager Automation document AWS-DisablePublicAccessForSecurityGroup?

I created the AWS Systems Manager Automation document AWS-DisablePublicAccessForSecurityGroup to disable SSH and RDP ports. However, auto-remediation fails with the AWS Config rule vpc-sg-open-only-to-authorized-ports. I receive an error similar to the following:"An error occurred (InvalidPermission.NotFound) when calling the RevokeSecurityGroupIngress operation: The specified rule does not exist in this security group."  Short descriptionThe AWS Config rule checks that the security group allows inbound TCP or UDP traffic to 0.0.0.0/0. For example, to allow TCP ports 443 and 1020-1025 access to 0.0.0.0/0, specify the ports in the AWS Config rule parameter. The SSM Document AWS-DisablePublicAccessForSecurityGroup is limited to the default SSH 22 and RDP 3389 ports opened to all IP addresses (0.0.0.0/0), or a specified IPv4 address using the IpAddressToBlock parameter.

ResolutionThe client error InvalidPermission.NotFound with the RevokeSecurityGroupIngress API action means that the target security group doesn't have an inbound rule, or isn't located in the default Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC).Important: Before you begin, be sure that you installed and configured the AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI).To verify the error message, run the AWS CLI command describe-remediation-execution-status similar to the following:aws configservice describe-remediation-execution-status --config-rule-name vpc-sg-open-only-to-authorized-ports --region af-south-1 --resource-keys resourceType=AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup,resourceId=sg-1234567891234567891The inbound rules for the security group must specify open ports using one of the following patterns:0.0.0.0/0::/0SSH or RDP port + 0.0.0.0/0SSH or RDP port + ::/0To configure auto-remediation for other ports including 22 and 3389, you can use a custom SSM document to automate the process. For instructions, see Creating Systems Manager documents.

Related informationWhy did the AWS Config auto remediation action for the SSM document AWS-ConfigureS3BucketLogging fail with the error "(MalformedXML)" when calling the PutBucketLogging API?How can I resolve the error "NoSuchRemediationConfigurationException" or "unexpected internal error" when trying to delete a remediation action in AWS Config?
Question: Why is my Amazon Aurora DB instance in an incompatible parameter status?

I have an Amazon Aurora DB instance that's in an incompatible-parameters status. Why is my DB instance in an incompatible-parameter status, and how can I resolve this issue?Short descriptionThe incompatible-parameters status occurs when a parameter in the associated parameter group has a value that isn't compatible with your engine version. Or, the value isn't compatible with the current DB instance class and size.A DB instance might be in the incompatible-parameters state for one of these reasons:The sum of memory used by parameters in the cluster and the instance parameter groups exceeds the available memory on the instance.The database engine is incompatible with one or more of the parameter settings in the custom DB parameter group.The workload on the DB instance is memory intensive, and results in an out of memory (OOM) state. This happens even when memory related parameters are not set or are set to default values.If an Amazon Aurora for MySQL DB instance is in the incompatible-parameters status, then you can only reboot or delete your DB instance. You can't modify the DB instance or the engine version.

ResolutionNote: If you receive errors when running AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) commands, make sure that you’re using the most recent AWS CLI version.To identify the root cause of the issue, first copy the incompatible parameter group. Then, compare the differences between the custom parameter values and the default values. For more information, see Working with parameter groups.After you identify the issue, resolve an incompatible-parameters status using one of these methods.Reset incompatible parameter valuesFollow these steps to reset only the incompatible parameter values:Open the Amazon RDS console, and then choose Parameter groups from the navigation pane.Select the incompatible parameter groups.Choose Parameter group actions, and then choose Edit.Enter valid (lower memory usage) parameter values, and then choose Save changes.Reboot the DB instance to apply the new settings.Reset all the parameters in the parameter group to their default valuesFollow these steps using the Amazon RDS console to reset all parameters in the parameter group to default values:Open the Amazon RDS console, and then choose Parameter groups from the navigation pane.Choose the parameter group that you want to reset.Choose Parameter group actions, and then choose Reset.Reduce memory for heavy workloadsFor memory intensive workloads, reduce the buffer pool size from the default value (75% of memory) to a smaller value. For example, you might use DBInstanceClassMemory*5/8 or DBInstanceClassMemory *1/2. To do this, modify the innodb_buffer_pool_size parameter.Note: If you modified or reset any static parameters, wait for the modification to be applied. Then, trigger a reboot of the DB instance.

Related informationViewing Amazon RDS DB instance statusHow do I resolve issues with an Amazon RDS database that is in an incompatible-network state
Question: Why can't I connect to my EC2 instance?

I'm getting an error when trying to connect to my Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance? Why can't I connect to my EC2 instance?ResolutionPrerequisitesTo connect to your EC2 instance, complete the following prerequisites:Verify that the security group attached to your instance allows access to port 22 for Linux and port 3389 for Windows.Verify that your network access control list (ACL) allows access to the instance.Verify that your routing table has a route for the connection.TroubleshootingIf the preceding prerequisites are met and you can't connect to the instance, do the following:1.    Verify that your EC2 instance is passing status checks. For more information. see the following:Why is my EC2 Linux instance unreachable and failing one or both of its status checks?Why is my EC2 Windows instance down with an instance status check failure?Why is my EC2 Windows instance down with a system status check failure or status check 0/2?2.    If your instance passed the status checks and you're getting connection errors on your instance when trying to connect, see the following:How do I troubleshoot problems connecting to my Amazon EC2 Linux instance using SSH?Troubleshoot connecting to your instance (Linux)Troubleshoot connecting to your Windows instanceHow do I troubleshoot authentication errors when I use RDP to connect to an EC2 Windows instance?Related informationTroubleshoot EC2 Linux instancesTroubleshoot EC2 Windows instances
Question: How do I create the correct EFS access point configuration to mount my file system using a Lambda function?

I want to create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) access point mount using AWS Lambda. How can I do this and what are the working and non-working access point configurations?ResolutionPrerequisitesThe following are pre-requisites for mounting EFS access points with Lambda:The Lambda function's execution role must have the following elasticfilesystem permissions:elasticfilesystem:ClientMountelasticfilesystem:ClientWrite (not required for read-only connections)Your AWS Identify and Access Management (IAM) user must have the following permissions:elasticfilesystem:DescribeMountTargetsFor more information, see Configuring a file system and access point.Inbound NFS traffic (port 2049) must be allowed in the security group for the EFS file system.Creating an access point using LambdaOpen the Functions page of the Lambda console.Choose a function.Choose Configuration, File systems.Under File system, choose Add file system.Configure the following properties:EFS file system: The access point for a file system in the same VPC.Local mount path: The location where the file system is mounted on the Lambda function, starting with /mnt/. For example, /mnt/lambda.Amazon EFS automatically creates the root directory with configurable ownership and permissions only if you provide the following:OwnUidOwnGIDPermissions for the directory (creation info)Note: Amazon EFS treats a user or group ID set to 0 in the access point as the root user.For more information, see Creating the root directory for an access point.EFS access point configuration examplesNote: The root directory of the access point is /efsaccesspoint. Mounting file system fs-12345678:/ using this access point is the same as mounting fs-12345678:/efsaccesspoint without this access point.Working ConfigurationsConfiguration 1:Root directory Path: /efs ( /efs doesn’t exist)POSIX user: EMPTYCreation Info: 1000:1000(777)Configuration 2:Root directory Path: /efs ( /efs doesn’t exist)POSIX user: 1000:1000Creation Info: 1000:1000 (777,775,755)Configuration 3:Root directory Path: /efs ( /efs exists)POSIX user: 1000:1000Creation Info: EMPTYConfiguration 4:Root directory Path: /efs (/efs doesn’t exist)POSIX user: 0:0Creation Info: 1000:1000 (755)Configuration 5:Root directory Path: /efs ( /efs doesn’t exist)POSIX user: 0:0Creation Info: 1000:1000 (775)Configuration 6:Root directory Path: /efs ( /efs doesn’t exist)POSIX user: 0:0Creation Info: 1000:1000 (777)Non-working configurationsThe following access point configuration results in an error when accessing EFS using a Lambda function:Root directory Path: /efs ( /efs doesn’t exist)POSIX user: 1000:1000Creation Info: EMPTYYou must provide POSIX user information if your use case requires performing write operations from an AWS Lambda function to the EFS mounted path. If POSIX user information isn't provided, write operations fail with Permission denied errors. For instructions on adding POSIX user information, see the preceding section, Creating an access point using Lambda.

Related informationWorking with Amazon EFS access points
Question: Why do I receive an Access Denied error when I try to access Amazon S3 using an AWS SDK?

I can access my Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) resources when I use the AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI). But, I get an Access Denied error when I use an AWS SDK. How can I fix this?ResolutionNote: If you receive errors when running AWS CLI commands, make sure that you’re using the most recent version of the AWS CLI.Verify your AWS CLI and the AWS SDK credentialsFirst, check that the AWS CLI and the AWS SDK that you're using are configured with the same credentials. To do this, follow these steps:To get the credentials configured on AWS CLI, run this command:aws iam list-access-keysIf you're using an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) role associated with the AWS CLI, run this command to get the role:aws sts get-caller-identityTo get the credentials configured on the AWS SDK that you're using, run a GetCallerIdentity call using your AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) client. For example, if you're using AWS SDK for Python (Boto3), run get_caller_identity.If the AWS CLI and the AWS SDK use different credentials, then use the AWS SDK with the credentials that are stored on the AWS CLI.Troubleshoot AWS CLI and SDK requests to Amazon S3If the credentials used by the CLI and the AWS SDK are the same, then continue to troubleshoot by asking these questions:Are the CLI and SDK requests to S3 coming from the same source? That is, check if the requests are from the same Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance.If requests are coming from the same source, is SDK using the intended credentials? For example, if you use AWS SDK for Python (Boto3), the SDK allows you to configure credentials using multiple methods. This means that Boto3 looks in multiple locations for credentials in a specific order. If any incorrect credentials are specified early on, these credentials are used. For more information about the order that Boto3 follows when looking for credentials, see Credentials on the Boto3 SDK website.Check that your VPC endpoints allow requests to S3If requests are sent from different sources, check whether the source using the SDK is sending requests through a VPC endpoint. Then, verify that the VPC endpoint allows the request that you're trying to send to Amazon S3.The VPC endpoint policy in this example allows download and upload permissions for DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET. If you're using this VPC endpoint, then you're denied access to any other bucket.{  "Statement": [    {      "Sid": "Access-to-specific-bucket-only",      "Principal": "*",      "Action": [        "s3:GetObject",        "s3:PutObject"      ],      "Effect": "Allow",      "Resource": [        "arn:aws:s3:::DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET",        "arn:aws:s3:::DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET/*"      ]    }  ]}If you don't find any issues in your credentials or source, then review some of the reasons why an Access Denied error might be returned by S3. For more information, see How do I troubleshoot 403 Access Denied errors from Amazon S3?Related informationIdentity and access management in Amazon S3
Question: How do I view CPU and memory usage for my Amazon Aurora DB cluster?

I want to view the CPU and memory usage for my Amazon Aurora DB cluster. How can I do this using Enhanced Monitoring?ResolutionAmazon Aurora automatically sends metric data for your DB instance to Amazon CloudWatch. You can view the metric data in the Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) console. To view Aurora metrics in the CloudWatch console, see Overview of monitoring metrics in Amazon Aurora.To view Enhanced Monitoring metrics, you must first turn on Enhanced Monitoring.You can view the available metrics for your DB cluster in the Amazon RDS by doing the following:Open the Amazon RDS console.Choose Databases from the navigation pane.Select your DB instance.Choose the Monitoring tab.From the Monitoring menu, choose CloudWatch, Enhanced Monitoring, or OS process list.In the operating system (OS) process list section of Enhanced Monitoring, review the OS processes and RDS processes. Confirm the percentage of CPU use of a mysqld or Aurora process. These metrics can help you confirm whether any increase in CPU utilization is caused by OS or by RDS processes. Or, you can use these metrics to monitor any CPU usage increases caused by mysqld or Aurora. You can also see the division of CPU use by reviewing the metrics for cpuUtilization. For more information, see the Monitoring OS metrics with Enhanced Monitoring.

Related informationMonitoring metrics in an Amazon Aurora clusterHow can I troubleshoot and resolve high CPU utilization on my Amazon RDS for MySQL instance?