VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of two strategies for the transfer of research results about labour support and electronic fetal monitoring into practice

Evidence-based recommendations published in 1995 by the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada included increasing the provision of professional support to women in labour and decreasing the use of electronic fetal monitoring for low-risk pregnancies. An intervention to facilitate the transfer of these recommendations into practice based on Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1986) and the Coordinated Implementation Model (Lomas, 1993) was evaluated at four hospitals. Two control hospitals received the standard regional approach to dissemination, with a multi-agency committee, newsletter articles and multi-disciplinary conferences. Two experimental hospitals received this approach plus additional activities tailored to the hospital which included policy meetings, written information, workshops attended by >80% of the nurses, multi-disciplinary rounds and follow-up discussions. A pre (fall 1995) and post (fall 1996) design was used. One hospital of each type (secondary/tertiary) was randomly allocated to receive the tailored intervention. Chi-square tests were used to compare differences over time within each hospital to determine if there was an increase in labour support (LS) or a decrease in any electronic fetal monitoring (EFM). The participation rate of nurses was >=98%. At the experimental hospitals, there were improvements in two outcomes: an increase in LS at the tertiary hospital (+6.3%, 'p' = .0002); and a large decrease in EFM at the secondary hospital (-49.1%, 'p' < .0001). At the control hospitals, there was a small improvement in one outcome, a decrease in EFM at the tertiary hospital (-8.1%, 'p' = .0001), and a negative effect in the other outcome, a decrease in LS at the secondary hospital (-6.8%, 'p' = .0001). A hospital-tailored intervention for the transfer of research had some beneficial effects on practice. No association was found between the reduction in the use of EFM and an increase in the proportion of time that the average nurse provided LS. No differences in neonatal outcomes were found at the hospital with a major decrease in the use of EFM technology. Future research is recommended on group behaviour change mechanisms, "report cards" for hospitals and the public about interventions and outcomes, and the involvement of administrators in designing research transfer strategies.
Odysseus in democratic Athens

This is a study of the many-faceted usage of the traditional character Odysseus by the culture of democratic Athens. Evidence is drawn largely from texts of and about dramatic productions. Athens in the fifth and early fourth centuries BC maintained a remarkable equilibrium amid the sociopolitical tensions between the democratic and egalitarian interests of the majority of citizens and the elitist concerns of an aristocracy recently deposed from an institutionalized position of power, but still vital to the successful management of the polis. Attic drama, as a civically-sponsored art form produced by and for Athenian citizens, necessarily reflects and expresses these tensions and concerns of the 'polis' as a whole. One of the vehicles for this expression is characterization. But characterization on the Athenian dramatic stage was limited by the fact that the plays dramatized traditional stories with characters well-known to the audience from narratives originating in a socio-political context in many ways quite different from that of fifth-century Athens. Certain of these traditional characters e.g. the heroic icon Achilles, are by nature resistant to adaptation to varying roles in subsequent cultural products. On the other hand, a traditional hero such as Odysseus, whose most defining quality is his manysidedness, or ' polytropeia', lends himself quite readily to a wealth of interpretations and so may reflect a number of different values and concerns. Odysseus as a 'character' is traditionally versatile, and so is his ' characterization' in the culture of democratic Athens. The varied characterization of Odysseus in texts from democratic Athens has long been problematic for scholars of Greek literature. The interpretation of his characterization as a reflection of conflicting ideological concerns offers a resolution to the problem within an interdisciplinary perspective.
Development and characterization of a monoclonal antibody to calnexin, an ER marker protein

[Delta]F508 is the most common disease-causing mutation of the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane-conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. It yields a protein that fails to fold correctly and traffic to the cell surface, yet, under experimental conditions where it can be forced to traffic correctly, it is nearly fully functional. A pharmacological means of effecting correct trafficking of [Delta]F508 CFTR could cure over 90% of CF patients. An important step in this direction would be to identify the components of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that interact with CFTR and can differentiate mutant from wild type proteins, allowing the latter to exit the ER normally, while retaining the former for degradation. My thesis focuses on the development and characterization of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) designed to make possible the rapid isolation of ER vesicles suitable for the study of CFTR and components that interact with it in its early biogenesis. The mAb that I have developed (1H82) is targeted to the cytoplasmic domain of a type I membrane protein, calnexin, which is specifically localized to the ER. It recognizes both denatured and native calnexin, yields a strong signal in immunoblotting, and has an affinity on the order of 10 8 M-1. Its epitope is localized to a 20 amino acid region about halfway between the transmembrane domain and the C-terminus of calnexin. Since 1H82 is able to bind calnexin in the native environment of ER membrane vesicles it appears to be suitable for its intended purpose as a reagent for future purification of ER vesicles by immunoaffinity isolation.
Los usos de la historia en Ernesto Cardenal

Ernesto Cardenal, poet and priest from Nicaragua, is the most important social poet in Latin America today. His life and work participate in the social struggle for a better system and society on that continent. Cardenal uses history with the intention of denouncing the society in which he lives. Following Cardenal's works we see that on unjust society started with the arrival of the European conquerors who introduced and unposed their own culture and thought throughout the new continent. They cast into oblivion the culture and thought of the original peoples who inhabited the continent, creating therefore a repressive society, and a politically and economically unjust system. But also we see that Cardenal employs history with the intention of remembering specific historical moments, in which it was possible to change the current society in which we live. Cardenal thinks that the only possibility of altering the unjust world is through a revolutionary struggle. Finally, Cardenal utilizes history to show us that it is possible to create a new society and system where freedom and justice exist for all people. Cardenal, in his writing, seeks for to reinterpret official history, the history written by the people who hold political and economical power. He thus seeks to reconstruct history, a new history, from the point of view of the oppressed people of Latin America. Cardenal shows in his poems a problematic world that is given to the reader through a direct, austere language. The poetic language used by Cardenal in his works is formed by the outside world. So we see that his poetic discourse is made up of multiple discourses that come from different sources and whose purpose is to show the outside world objectively, a world that is outside the subjectivity of the author. The poet uses history to guide us to a new form of thinking about the past of Latin America. From this new perspective on the past and present, Cardenal invites we the readers to engage in the construction of a new society, and with him, to recover the history of the conquered and forgotten people.
State, community, and Asian immigrant women's work, a study in labor market organization

This study is an institutional ethnography which begins from the standpoint of Asian immigrant women to explore bow their occupational location is shaped by government funded job training programs. The study elucidates the complex organization involved in preparing them for low-level white collar work through the Job Training Partnership Act, the largest federally funded jobs skills training program in the U.S. An institutional ethnography direct attention to bow activities in a local setting are structured and shaped by institutional relations which extend beyond the local. It involves an exploration of the social relations individuals bring into being through their practices as they go about their daily work and as that work is co-ordinated in relation to the work of others in extra-local settings. Such co-ordination is textually mediated and dependent on ideologies which provide for exchange among the different parts of the institutional complex. Various methods of data collection are used including interviews, observations, document analysis. The study demonstrates that program structure and administration, built on principles of "efficiency and performance," are consequential for client selection into the program. work, through which women are selected, is organized in relation to successful job placement mandated by the legislation governing these programs. Client selection is determined by "performance standards," specifying wages, types of jobs, and benefits, and the procedures for accountability built into program. administration. Program offered are determined in relation to labor market needs. In the intake process, agency workers employ expectations about Asian women's conduct and family responsibilities, assessments of the cultural capital they bring or can develop (through training), and employer perceptions of Asians, in selecting them for the programs in "office skills." In displaying such processes, the study shows bow race, class, and gender enter into the organization of Asian immigrant women into the labor market. It illustrates the mediating role of the state in the management and organization of local labor markets as it produces these women as commodities for the labor market. The latter is a feature of labor market organization which tends to be overlooked in the standard social sconce discourse on immigrant labor markets.
The learning experiences of older adults as university students

The purpose of this study was to explore how older adults (in this study, adults over 60 years of age) experience learning in classroom settings. In-depth interviews with nine older adults enrolled in degree programs in a university were conducted to elicit their personal narratives of their learning experiences. Participants were asked to keep journals as a means of reflecting on these experiences. Four major themes were identified: life experiences: lost opportunities for facilitating learning, professors as figures of authority, teaching practices: the agony and the ecstasy, and learning: the pathway to self-fulfillment. The model of intellectual and cognitive development as a growth phenomenon was used to interpret the themes. Suggestions were made for research and teaching practice.
Cardiovascular responses in runners, power athletes, bodybuilders, and healthy sedentary subjects

Across a wide range of health and fitness, a linear relationship exists between Gmax and VO2peak. Gmax values have not been obtained for those elite athletes whose performance is dependent on reaching their highest possible VO2max, or in bodybuilders. VO2max, Gmax, and MAP, at rest and following calf ergometry at submaximal and maximal workloads, in age and sex matched elite middle distance runners (ER), body builders (BB), power athletes (PA) and healthy sedentary subjects (HS) was compared. Grest was significantly higher in BB than in all other groups, while Gmax was higher in BB and ER than PA and HS. A strong linear relationship was found in BB (r = 0.94, p < 0.002) between Gmax and Grest, but not in any of the other groups. A strong linear relationship was found, across the non-resistance trained groups (ER, HS) (r = 0.84, p < 0.0001). This study shows that within the vasculature of trained muscle, adaptive processes involved in body building are qualitatively similar to those found in ER, and different from those resulting from a traditional strength training model.
Intramolecular proton-hydride interactions in iridium complexes, a new type of hydrogen bond

Seven cationic hydrido pyridinethione (SpyH) complexes containing either PCy3 or PPh3 co-donor ligands have been prepared from iridium polyhydride complexes. These include three PCy3 complexes [IrH2([eta]1-SpyH)2(PCy3) 2](BF4) 1, [IrH([eta]1-SpyH) 4(PCy3)](BF4)2 4, [IrH([eta] 1-SpyH)2([eta]2-Spy)(PCy3)](BF 4) 5 and four PPh3 complexes [IrH([eta] 1-SpyH)([eta]2-Spy)(PPh3)2](BF 4) 9, [IrH2([eta]1-SpyH)(PPh 3)3](BF4) 10, [IrH2([eta] 1-SpyH)2(PPh3)2](BF4) 11 and [IrH(CO)([eta]1-SpyH)2(PPh3) 2](BF4)2 12. All contain NH<math> <f> &cdots;</f> </math>HIr proton-hydride bonding units in the solid state {d(HH): 1.8 to 2.1 Å, X-ray analysis). The proton-hydride bonds in these complexes are maintained in CH2Cl2. Stronger proton-hydride bonds are formed in complexes with PCy3 co-donor ligands vs complexes with PPh3 co-donor ligands. The strength of proton-hydride bonds is decreased in complexes containing more PPh3 or CO ligands. The strength of the proton-hydride bonds in solution is probed for 1, 4 and 5 by introducing a conventional H-bond acceptor (THF-d8 or OPPh3). The H<math> <f> &cdots;</f> </math>H interactions in 1 are disrupted but remain intact in 4 and 5. Four chloro SpyH complexes 'cis'-IrH2Cl([eta] 1-SpyH)(PCy3)2 13, IrHCl2 ([eta]1-SpyH)(PCy3)2 14a , IrCl2([eta]1-SpyH)([eta]2-Spy)(PCy 3) 15 and [IrCl([eta]1-SpyH)2([eta] 2-Spy)(PCy3)](BF4) 16 have been prepared from iridium polyhydride complexes. 13 and 14a contain NH<math> <f> &cdots;</f> </math>ClIr hydrogen bonds over NH<math> <f> &cdots;</f> </math>HIr bonds {d(H<math> <f> &cdots;</f> </math>Cl): 2.15(7) Å, 15}. 16 possesses an N-H<math> <f> &cdots;</f> </math>Cl(Ir)<math> <f> &cdots;</f> </math>H-N hydrogen bonded network {d(N<math> <f> &cdots;</f> </math>Cl): 3.137, 3.045 Å}. Ligands other than HSpy used in the reaction with IrH5(PCy 3)2 include pyrazole, acetaldoxime and dimethylglyoxime. The products of these reactions are iridium(III) dihydrides containing conventional Y-H<math> <f> &cdots;</f> </math>X hydrogen bonding units, Y, X = N, O. An 18 electron Ir(III) complex containing Ir<math> <f> &cdots;</f> </math>FBF3 and agostic Ir<math> <f> &cdots;</f> </math>H-C bonds is formed in the reaction of IrH5(PCy3) 2 with HBF4 in benzene {d(Ir<math> <f> &cdots;</f> </math>H): 2.04(5) Å and d(Ir<math> <f> &cdots;</f> </math>F): 2.272(3) Å}.
Between brushstrokes

This thesis explores the fundamental experiential connections between visual art and science. The author links the academic text to multiple visual essays in an exploration of the holistic teaching and learning methodologies in visual art pedagogy. An examination of the educational philosophies of Dewey and Steiner supports the focus on experience as education. The philosophies of Eisner, Goudy, Dewey, London, Arnheim and Wallschlaeger provide a foundation for the overall structure of the separate concepts of visual art. The inclusion of visual essays and the hermeneutical mode in which they are sequenced follows the theories and examples of Sontag, Barthes, Berger, Silvers and Wilde. Creativity studies conducted by Csikszentmihalyi and the theories of invention in science investigated by Kuhn and Judson connect the creative process in visual art to science. Sheen, Feynman, D'Arcy Thompson and Capra offer a perspective on the learning, teaching and evaluation methodologies and philosophy in the area of science, particularly physics, botany and geometry. The examination of these theories as background, combined with narrative experiences and the exploratory visual component, draw out conclusions and implications about the untapped potential of visual art in education.
The poetics of Mallarme, Hopkins and Apollinaire

The Sapir-Whorf linguistic relativity hypothesis is employed here in a study of three grammatically innovative poets: two late-19th century experimenters, Stéphane Mallarmé and Gerard Manley Hopkins, who push the cognitive predispositions of French and English towards the limits; and one early-20th century poet, Guillaume Apollinaire, who to a great extent overcomes such linguistic determinism, demonstrating how Gallic "essence" and Germanic "existence" may be balanced in a more consciously transnational poetry. Given the linguistically archetypal character of the work of these poets, this study is also an investigation into the nature of language itself, on the one hand, aesthetic artifice (as in Mallarmé), and on the other hand, immediate connection to the world (as in Hopkins); and when these modes of understanding are combined, language becomes (as in Apollinaire) a medium of active intellectual engagement with the world, by which we both create and are created--a poetry, in the words of Wallace Stevens, "wholly containing the mind". A simple description of this study could thus be given in the Hegelian formula: primary mind (Hopkins) + secondary mind (Mallarmé) = World Spirit (Apollinaire). But the arguments full elaboration is less simple than that, since both Mallarmé and Hopkins counterbalance their poetry to a great extent with its non-native complement: Mallarmé incorporating "musique" and "mystère" into his predominantly as the idealized end-point and consummation of endless Germanic flux. Apollinaire's more pragmatic poetry may be considered to be a work of social and personal Numerous poems by each of these writers are analysed and interpreted in the light of this theory, with frequent reference to Hegel in the reading of Mallarmé, to Heidegger in the reading of Hopkins, and to various thinkers (particularly Nietzsche, J. L. Austin, and Julia Kristeva) in the reading of Apollinaire.
Application of communication theory to automatic DNA sequencing

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid (DNA) sequencing is one of the pillars of the current biotechnology revolution. Current automatic DNA sequencing algorithms use heuristic approaches based on automating the manual analysis done by molecular biologists. In this thesis, a more formal and rigorous approach is followed wherein the first statistical model of the sequencing data is built and then the optimal processor is derived from the model. The model characterizes peak shape and the local fluctuations in peak parameters (peak time, amplitude and width). The characterization of peak parameters includes their point probability density functions and their average dependence on their neighbouring peaks (covariance). Jitter in peak time is found to be correlated over several neighbouring peaks. A practical noise model is proposed consisting of a white noise component and a noise component with spectrum similar to that of the signal itself. The model can be used to generate simulations for the comparison and evaluation of DNA sequencing algorithms. Based on the model, an optimal DNA sequencing algorithm was derived using the maximum likelihood approach of the analogous field of digital communications. The uncertainty associated with parameters of the optimum processor is addressed by maintaining multiple hypotheses for both the different possible information sequences and the different possible parameter sequences. The performance of the algorithm is examined with real data from both the accurate 6% cross-linked gels and the much faster 4% gels. Results with the 6% gel data are comparable with that of a commercial algorithm though simulations have suggested the potential for a two to three-fold reduction in error rate. Results with the 4% gel data exhibited an error rate that was four times lower than that of a commercial sequencing algorithm. The DNA model and the DNA-ML algorithm do offer benefits beyond a reduction in error rate. They may guide the refinement of the entire sequencing process. Assigning probabilities to alternative sequences may aid the clinician in forming his diagnosis. The overall benefits to healthcare include the reduction of total test costs and reduction of the damage caused by acting on erroneous information.
Gender, class and ethnicity in the organization of neighbourhood and nation, the role of Toronto's settlement houses in the formation of the Canadian state, 1902 to 1914

This thesis explores the development of Toronto's settlement movement from the turn of the century to the advent of World War One. The movement in Toronto originally evolved out of the desire of some citizens, most of whom were well educated young women, to help improve the lives of the poor. Settlement organizers and their staffs wanted to reconnect the 'masses' with the 'classes,' and to (re)create a cooperative community in which individuals worked to benefit their neighbours and to develop themselves. The movement was founded on the belief that charity only sustained and perhaps even augmented inter-class fears and misunderstandings. Far better, settlement workers maintained, for educated middle-class women and men to help the poor and the immigrant by offering leadership, practical services, and inspiring models--in short, by providing what were considered to be the tools of self-help in the early twentieth century. Settlement work was focused on citizenship training. Through their clubs and classes, and through the services they extended to their neighbourhoods, settlement workers sought to inculcate their clientele with democratic ideals and the norms of class and gender relations in a capitalist state. But the settlements were also intent on implanting within the middle class an ideal of cooperative citizenship, which demanded that those who possessed wealth and education should act, in a very personal way, as leaders in their communities. The essence of the movement was a belief in the interdependence of all members of a community. The thesis argues that Toronto's settlement movement influenced the formation of the Canadian state in two important ways: it helped to create prototypical approaches to poverty and to the assimilation of non-Anglo-Celtic immigrants - many of which were later institutionalized within the state system; and it provided both settlement workers and their clients with the opportunity to modify relations of class, gender and ethnicity. Through these means settlement workers, benefactors and clients contributed to Canadian state formation at both the institutional and the ideological levels. Ultimately, the thesis presents Toronto's settlement house movement as a crucible for a developing ideology of citizenship.
A mean-value Laplacian for Finsler spaces

Part I of this thesis defines a Laplacian [Delta] for a Finsler space; we obtain [Delta] by requiring that ([Delta]'f')('x ') for a function 'f' measures the infinitesimal average of 'f' around 'x'. This [Delta] is a linear, elliptic, 2nd-order differential operator. Furthermore, [Delta]'f' can be written in a divergence form, like the Riemannian Laplacian, but with respect to a canonical osculating Riemannian metric and Busemann's intrinsic volume form. We interpret divergence form as the result of minimi a certain energy functional on Finsler space, and further use this approach to define harmonic forms, and harmonic mappings between Finsler manifolds. As a byproduct of the Laplacian, in Part II we derive a simple volume-form inequality which characterizes Riemannian manifolds, and define a scalar invariant [nu](' x') for Finsler spaces. We show that, on a Berwald space, the metric's first derivatives vanish in normal co-ordinates, and use that result to conclude that [nu]('x') is constant on Berwald spaces.