VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Rude & Playful Shadows: Collective Performances of Cinema in Cold War Europe

“Rude & Playful Shadows: Collective Performances of Cinema in Cold War Europe” is a historical examination, which engages rigorous discursive and performance-based analysis of underground film screening events that crossed the West/East divide and brought together an international group of artists and filmmakers during some of the “hottest” years of the Cold War period. At its center, the study investigates the practices of two pioneering filmmakers, Austrian Kurt Kren (b. Vienna, 1929; d. Vienna, 1998) and German Birgit Hein (b. Berlin, 1942). Tracking their aesthetic, ideological, and spatial reconfigurations of the cinematic apparatus—their “performances of cinema”—in Austria and former West Germany, the dissertation demonstrates how Kren and Hein were progenitors of influential new viewing practices that operated in the tacit geopolitical interstices between nation-states and underground cultures. Contemporary art, film, and media scholarship tends to move in one of two directions: either toward aesthetic inquiries into the appearance of moving images and other/ntime-based arts in the visual art museum since the 1990s, or toward the politics of global media/ndistribution in the digital age. “Rude & Playful Shadows,” alternatively, takes two steps back,/nseeing these strands of inquiry as interlocked sets of historical conditions. Practices such as those/nof Kren and Hein, this study contends, were vital to the formation of contemporary arts curatorial/nmodels. Importantly, if not paradoxically, they also remain crucial models for conceptualizing/nnoncommercial and anti-institutional underground circulation and the kinds of convenings such/nmovement fosters./nEach chapter of the study looks at different screening event forms in which Kren and Hein/npartook, considering how these forms developed under different sets of materials circumstances/nand in response to different sets of political aspirations. Through its analysis of these event forms/nand practices of “eventing,” “Rude & Playful Shadows” sheds new light on pre-histories of/ntoday’s transnational time-based media networks, offering critical revision of the conventions for/nreading allied histories of art and film, film and performance, performance and art.

Advisor: Jackson, Shannon
The role of groundwater in volcanic and fault zone processes

Groundwater affects volcanic and fault processes at a wide range of spatiotemporal scales. This dissertation focuses on two questions. First, what role does groundwater play in volcanoes and fault zones? Evenly spaced columns of alteration within the Bishop Tuff and numerical models show that boiling controls the cooling rate and pressure within shallow volcanic systems (Chapter 2). Geodetic data and seismic catalogs show that regional hydrologic loads trigger seismic and aseismic slip on faults in and around the Tibetan Plateau (Chapter 6) and on the Longitudinal Valley Fault in Taiwan (Chapter 5) by changing pore pressure within the fault zone. Observations of water level changes in groundwater wells are coincident with dynamically triggered seismicity. I propose that changing permeability during the passage of surface waves drives flow into fractures and faults potentially triggering earthquakes. The second question addressed is how do distant earthquakes change groundwater systems? I document changes in groundwater wells (Chapter 3 and 4), fault zones (Chapter 5), and seismic velocity (Chapter 4 and 5) after the passage of surface waves. These interactions can extend thousands of kilometers from earthquake epicenters and require mechanisms for small stresses to resonate and amplify. This thesis shows that resonances form between tectonic forces and hydrologic systems by changing pore pressure in dilating fractures (Chapter 3), boiling fronts (Chapter 2), and fault zones (Chapter 5 and 6). Together, this dissertation contributes to our understanding of how hydrology and the solid earth interact.

Advisor: Manga, Michael
Evaluation of Methods for Data-Driven Tools that Empower Mental Health Professionals

It is estimated that nearly one in five adults in the United States live with mental illness, and for individuals who struggle with mental health, the experience can be excruciating. The rise of mobile devices presents a unique opportunity to improve mental health outcomes, in part through empowering mental health professionals. Because many individuals always have their smartphones with them, smartphones may be able to enable health professionals to identify when an individual is in need and provide immediate care, rather than the current model of delaying care until a scheduled appointment. To this end, I investigate the feasibility of two new data-driven tools: one to identify when care is needed and the second to help train counselors to intervene when care is needed. The first tool I consider seeks to use a smartphone to sense an individual's well-being. Such a tool could be used to inform health professionals of patients' states, evaluate the efficacy of therapies, and deliver just-in-time interventions. To evaluate the potential accuracy of such a tool, I collect students' passive smartphone data and self-reported well-being measures, and then consider predicting well-being on a daily basis and detecting significant changes over a period of time. As this approach seems unreliable for most individuals, I further explore for which individuals such an approach may be reliable and develop a framework for evaluating longitudinal sensing quality. I find that while correlations between smartphone-sensed measures and reported wellbeing scores exist, these relationships are often too weak to reliably predict wellbeing. The second tool I explore seeks to help suicide prevention counselors practice intervening over chat for individuals in crisis. For this, I collect and leverage synthetic conversation transcripts and show how to evaluate a baseline system for counselors to practice crisis de-escalation strategies in a no-risk environment. While text retrieval and generation methods can return responses that make sense in limited context most of the time, i.e., in greater that 50% of examples, generated responses are shorter than retrieving full messages, implying that generation may potentially be a less engaging approach. Overall, I find that significant consideration of context is needed to provide meaningful evaluation of methods for the tools envisioned. While popular algorithms and methods may hold potential to develop the tools discussed, rigorous evaluation and further work is needed to ensure reliability within the application context.

Advisor: Recht, Benjamin
Demmel, James
Towards Automatic Machine Learning Pipeline Design

The rapid increase in the amount of data collected is quickly shifting the bottleneck of making informed decisions from a lack of data to a lack of data scientists to help analyze the collected data. Moreover, the publishing rate of new potential solutions and approaches for data analysis has surpassed what a human data scientist can follow. At the same time, we observe that many tasks a data scientist performs during analysis could be automated. Automatic machine learning (AutoML) research and solutions attempt to automate portions or even the entire data analysis process./nWe address two challenges in AutoML research: first, how to represent ML programs suitably for metalearning; and second, how to improve evaluations of AutoML systems to be able to compare approaches, not just predictions./nTo this end, we have designed and implemented a framework for ML programs which provides all the components needed to describe ML programs in a standard way. The framework is extensible and framework’s components are decoupled from each other, e.g., the framework can be used to describe ML programs which use neural networks. We provide reference tooling for execution of programs described in the framework. We have also designed and implemented a service, a metalearning database, that stores information about executed ML programs generated by different AutoML systems./nWe evaluate our framework by measuring the computational overhead of using the framework as compared to executing ML programs which directly call underlying libraries. We observe that the framework’s ML program execution time is an order of magnitude slower and its memory usage is twice that of ML programs which do not use this framework./nWe demonstrate our framework’s ability to evaluate AutoML systems by comparing 10 different AutoML systems that use our framework. The results show that the framework can be used both to describe a diverse set of ML programs and to determine unambiguously which AutoML system produced the best ML programs. In many cases, the produced ML programs outperformed ML programs made by human experts.

Advisor: Song, Dawn
Riemannian Geometry of Nonlinear Deformation

The nonlinear (finite) deformation of flow is studied from the geometric point of view. First- and second-order covariant rates of deformation tensors are derived in the context of an arbitrary connection on frame bundles with torsion and Riemannian curvature. Also, the compatibility conditions of continua are extended to deformations on Einstein manifolds using a pullback Ricci curvature. We relate our compatibility conditions with existing formulations on Euclidean space./nA particular interest in studying nonlinear deformation here is to develop evolution equations for the principle rates and directions of finite deformation, which are quantities that are widely used to understand the flow topology. To this end, we present a spectral decomposition of two-point tensors on Riemannian manifolds. We derive evolution equations for the spectral decomposition, namely for the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of deformation tensors on Riemannian manifolds in terms of arbitrary covariant rates and using intrinsic Lie derivatives. We demonstrate the analogy between the spectral decomposition of deformation and attitude kinematics of moving frames. Geometric numerical integration of the evolution equations is explored through Lie group actions, namely the Lie algebra of quaternions. Our formulation extends attitude kinematics of deformation with Euler angles on 2-manifolds with the Riemannian metric. Numerical and analytic examples for both Euclidean space and Hamiltonian flows on Kählerian (symplectic) manifolds are given./nAccompanying our theoretical framework, a comprehensive high-performance computing platform for the Lagrangian analysis of flow is developed. The platform has been integrated into an online gateway with server-client architecture and available online as a community resource. Our platform is capable of processing up to billion-point grids and has been employed in real-time field experiments. We demonstrate practical applications of globe scale geophysical flows using comprehensive datasets.

Advisor: Shadden, Shawn C
The Effects of Chronic Arsenic Exposure on Thermogenesis and Type 2 Diabetes

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has nearly doubled since 1980. T2D is characterized by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and long-term complications. Poor nutrition, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity, are among the strongest risk factors for the development of this metabolic disease. Environmental pollutants however, also have the potential to alter glucose homeostasis and lead to the development of T2D. Arsenic is one of these chemicals, with epidemiologic studies worldwide supporting this association. The precise mechanism of action by which arsenic exhibits its diabetogenic effects however, remains unclear. Since the late 2000s, select heat-producing adipose depots have been identified and shown to be intricately involved in glucose metabolism. Brown and beige adipocytes are important regulators of energy expenditure and both lipid and glucose homeostasis. This dissertation aims to identify whether arsenic increases the risk of T2D development among obese individuals, and identify its effects on thermogenic adipocytes involved in glucose metabolism and energy expenditure. Chapter 1 is a state-of-the-science review of the disruptive effects of arsenic exposure on glucose homeostasis, with an emphasis on findings from experimental studies. Chapter 2 is a cross-sectional analysis of a unique arsenic exposed population in Northern Chile. This chapter examines the effects of arsenic exposure on T2D development, and evaluates whether arsenic and obesity may act synergistically to increase T2D risk. While proposed pathways for arsenic’s role in T2D include alterations in pancreatic β-cell function and insulin secretion, these findings are reported only at high arsenic exposure concentrations. Therefore, further investigation to elucidate arsenic’s diabetogenic molecular targets in mammalian models is required at relevant public health concentrations. Chapter 3 examines the effects of chronic low-dose arsenic exposure on thermogenesis and recruitable beige adipocytes involved in key metabolic pathways in vivo. Chapter 4 informs current statistical methodologies for indirect calorimetry analysis by implementing longitudinal data analysis techniques and randomization-based inference to better capture how environmental chemical exposures alter energy expenditure over time. Lastly, Chapter 5 summarizes the current state of arsenic research within the context of metabolic biology, and highlights how interdisciplinary research has the potential to inform current environmental standards and public health interventions.

Advisor: Smith, Martyn T
La Merrill, Michele A
Geometric Manufacturability Analysis for Additive Manufacturing

During the development of a new product, it is difficult for designers to predict how their design decisions will impact manufacturability and manufacturing cost of the individual parts in their product. Additive manufacturing is increasingly becoming a viable option to produce high fidelity prototypes and even small-scale production part runs. However, as an emerging technology, there are few resources available to help designers make design decisions regarding quality and manufacturability for additive manufacturing. Most information developed to help designers ensure manufacturability is in the form of general guidelines that designers must interpret and then use their best judgment to scrutinize their design. Designers can only guess, based on previous experience, if the process can produce part features that meet their specified geometric tolerances. However, by using algorithms to analyze part geometry, it is possible to predict additive manufacturing outcomes. This thesis describes the development of two software tools to analyze part geometry in near real-time: one that predicts manufacturability, and another that predicts achievable quality./nThese tools are used to explore how automated part geometry analysis influences the effectiveness of design for additive manufacturing feedback. The research hypothesis of this thesis is that part geometry analysis improves the practicality, accuracy, and usefulness of design for additive manufacturing feedback. To test this hypothesis, three research thrusts were conducted: evaluating the performance of the newly developed tools relative to existing tools, experimental verification of the predictions of the tools, and a user study evaluating usage of the manufacturability tool during a design task. Comparison with existing tools indicated that both tools described in this thesis have similar computation time as existing solutions, while providing greater potential to allow designers to analyze manufacturing trade-offs, with a more comprehensive approach to modeling sources of errors in the manufacturing process. A range of parts were printed using fused deposition modeling and then inspected. The experimental results showed that the predictions of both tools were relatively accurate, and highlighted several additional process parameters that can be included in the modeling approach to improve accuracy. Lastly, a user study demonstrated that use of the software tool reduced the number of manufacturability problems in participants' designs while requiring a similar amount of time to use, compared with using a list of design heuristics. The findings of the thesis support the practicality, accuracy, and usefulness of geometry analysis software tools to support design for additive manufacturing.

Advisor: McMains, Sara
Particle Finite Element Modeling of Nanoparticle-Photopolymer Composites for Additive Manufacturing

Additive manufacturing (AM) has had continued and growing appeal in academia and industry due to its ability to create customizable designs containing complex geometries and internal structures, reduce time to move from concept to final product for low volume production runs, and utilize a wide range of materials. One specific area of interest is the inclusion of additives into AM materials creating opportunities to produce parts with tailored material properties with specific functionality. For example, the addition of nanoparticles, such as carbon nanotubes and semiconductor nanocrystals, into polymers have lead to the creation of customizable micrometer sized strain gauges and light-emitting devices. While the additives provide many benefits, they lead to undesired changes to the material response during manufacturing that require modifying the process parameters to maintain print quality./nThe focus of this work is the development of a computational modeling tool that captures the changes in the material response of nanoparticle-photopolymer composites for process parameter optimization in inkjet printing. This is achieved by introducing the photopolymerization process to the thermo-mechanical model within the particle finite element method (PFEM) framework. The simulation portion of this work is then broken into two parts. First, the effects of additives are investigated in two simple model problems, the deposition of a single droplet and stereolithography type process, designed to limit the influence of process parameters. Second, the effects of process parameters on a nanoparticle-photopolymer composite are studied to develop an objective function to characterize the results of the simulations.

Advisor: Zohdi, Tarek
in tensions, for dancer, cello, and motion-sensitive live electronics

This paper is an account of the creative process that resulted in the dissertation for a PhD in music composition, in tensions, for dancer, cello, and motion-sensitive live electronics. The commentary is provided as a supplement to the performance that forms the primary work carried out for the dissertation. in tensions, written in collaboration with cellist Polina Streltsova and dancer Marie Albert in Paris as part of the Cursus program at the Institute for Research and Collaboration in Acoustics/Music, is an audio-visual performance that explores interdisciplinary interaction in analog and digital realms. The work interrogates the relationships between the two performers, their environment, and their roles in the performance space. The work’s invention used a variety of tools crafted to facilitate the creation of performative material, as well as digital solutions for composing electroacoustic sounds that aim to communicate the fusion of these materials in real time. This dissertation will analyze the methods and performance practices that drove the collaboration, the structure of the work, and the materials that comprise the work’s electroacoustic elements. Audio-visual documentation of the performance can be found at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6PVBuPrA0pA

Advisor: Ueno, Ken
Listing Sovereignty: Archive and Rebellion in the Low Countries, 1300-1578

My dissertation argues that archive keepers created a late medieval information state in Flanders around the year 1400 through escalating responses to urban rebellion. It tracks how documents created power, under three dynasties, all of which attended to the charter treasury of Lille: Dampierre (1244-1385), Valois (1385-1482), and Habsburg (1482-1667). Modifying the older traditions of cartulary- and register-keeping, these dynasties’ administrators created sophisticated archival lists – inventories – that remained in use for three centuries. These inventories facilitated the confiscation, creation, organization, and mobilization of archival documents that enabled the counts of Flanders to expand their sovereignty, which in late medieval Europe meant magnifying their own power vis-à-vis other local institutions and expanding the range of their authority. This was not a linear process: through use and abuse, archives were produced as spaces of truth and repositories of political power. At different stages, archives might be shared between princes, between princes and towns, or between princes and churches. The transformations in the ways documents made power were as much about interaction between different institutions as they were about the innovations of princely authorities themselves./nAround the year 1100, regional princes began issuing charters of privilege to communities in Flanders. Two hundred years later, the charter was a necessary foundation of urban life, and in response to twin traditions of internal rebellion against patrician municipal regimes and urban rebellion against the prince, the counts of Flanders began to regularly revoke and re-issue these charters as part of a long-standing ritual of penitence used to mend the relationship between ruler and ruled in the wake of conflict. As they did so, comital administrators gathered information on the contents of their urban subjects’ archives and eventually began to seek monopolies over certain types of archival documents. Initially, princely administrators showed interest primarily in charters of privileges, but over the course of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, they began confiscating increasing numbers and types of documents in an attempt to create regional exclusivity over the rights to make war and grant privileges. Only as they built up this informational sovereignty did counts begin to emphasize their own symbolic power by practicing the rites of power previously associated in Flanders with the kings of France. But as the confiscation of archival documents became a routine element of their ceremonial repertoire, the rituals of rebellion and repression became routine. Only a disproportionate repression of urban constitutional rights under Emperor Charles V could break the legal hold of the regime of privilege founded around 1100, but the legacy of privilege and sovereignty established over the previous half century lived on in early modern rebellions.

Advisor: Sahlins, Peter
Koziol, Geoffrey