VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Preservative managing while spiralling downward, the experiences of nurses who care for women in labour and delivery in a time of hospital restructuring

Grounded theory methodology elicited 8 subjects' experience. During a period of restructuring, preservative managing was identified as the core category which subsumed six categories. They were (a) comparing and contrasting satisfaction--labour and delivery versus other clinical areas, dampening of satisfaction, (b) living with political forces--leaving politics at the door, living with fear/insecurity, mitigating/adapting to deleterious forces of politics, (c) maintaining safety as top priority--regarding safety as non-negotiable, being vigilant, relying on technology, giving safe care to all patients, (d) being challenged--living with unpredictability, nursing complex patients, making the difficult patient less difficult, maintaining quality care, (e) providing support--bringing confidence into the room, advocating for patient versus physician, informing/educating childbearing couple, being there/not being there, being the person the patient needs you to be, providing indirect support, (f) engaging in professional relationships--working as a team, supporting/not supporting colleagues, not being supported by others, and enjoying autonomy.
The effects of mating history and hunger on intersexual conflict and, cryptic female choice in water striders

Intersexual conflict predominates in mating behaviours and promotes sexual selection in gerrids. I investigated the effects of mating history and food deprivation on mating behaviour in 'Gerris buenoi' and I assessed pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection in gerrids. First, I determined the influence of male and female mating history on mating behaviour. Second, I investigated the effect of hunger in both sexes on mating behaviour and large male mating advantage. Finally, I tested the hypothesis of cryptic female choice for large males via oviposition in three 'Gerris' species. Mate-deprived females increased willingness to mate and mate-deprived males extended copulations. Hunger increased female reluctance to mate but had no effect on male mating behaviour and hunger influenced the intensity of female choice for large males. Female choice for male body size was passive. Experiments did not support the cryptic female choice hypothesis for large males. However, pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection may be acting antagonistically.
Federalism, diplomacy and education, Canada's role in education-related international activities, 1960-1984

Amongst Western nations Canada has had the rather unique distinction of not having a centralized Ministry of Education. The division of powers in the Canadian constitution assigned education to the provincial governments while constitutional responsibility for foreign affairs was assigned to the federal government. As a result of this separation of powers, there has been an ongoing and unsatisfactory effort on the part of both federal and provincial governments to address the difficult issue of who represents Canada in the field of education abroad. In the period following the end of the Second World War, indifference towards the question gave way to 'ad hoc' treatment of the issue by the federal government. The provinces and federal government tried to insulate themselves from divisive issues by delegating them to pan-national educational organizations. The Council of Ministers of Education, Canada (CMEC) is the closest equivalent to a national, ministerial-level education organization in modern day Canada. During the 1960s, the constitutional differences could not be regulated between the two levels of government. Instead, the continued unsatisfactory relationship combined with incipient nationalism led to conflict. The government of Quebec declared that the provinces were institutionally capable of representing their own interests in diplomacy in education. The federal response in the 1960s can be traced from Mitchell Sharp's publication of the pamphlet 'Federalism and International Conferences on Education' in the spring of 1968, at the height of the crisis with Quebec. This publication was as much a response to contemporary events, as it was the portent of a broader, more hands-on approach to the issue by the federal government. While the 1960s were punctuated by the broadsides from Ottawa and Quebec as the issue became tied to Quebec nationalism, the 1970s and early 1980s were characterized by uncomfortable compromise over the question. The changing international system, the OECD Review, and the ongoing federal-provincial jockeying combined with the new presence of the CMEC, did not help in the regularization of this relationship. Since there has never been closure over this issue, diplomacy in education continues to be 'ad hoc' and an important test of Canadian federalism.
Views of the punishment of youth, the dimensions of punitiveness

Over the past 25 years public opinion polls in Canada, the United States, England and Australia have posed various forms of the question: "In your view, do you think sentences are too harsh, about right, or not harsh enough?" At any given time roughly two thirds to four fifths of respondents will answer "too lenient". The public perception of leniency in sentencing appears to transcend areas of the justice system (youth and adult) and countries. Many have used the perception of leniency in sentencing as evidence of "punitiveness" and have devoted much time investigating why it is that people are "punitive". Interestingly absent from many studies is a discussion of what "punitiveness", as a concept, reflects. Clearly support for "harsher" sentences is a "punitive" policy choice, but is it accurate to say that people who endorse such a policy are punitive? That is, are people who endorse such a policy consistently punitive? How pervasive is "punitiveness"? Researchers have presented punitiveness as a one-dimensional, binary concept--people are either punitive or not punitive. The research presented here challenges the view that public punitiveness is a simple, one-dimensional binary concept by investigating views towards youth justice policies and youth court sentences. There appear to be at least two levels of punitiveness. There is a "broad" level (views of leniency in youth court) and a "specific" level (views of sentences in specific young offenders cases). While these two levels of views are related to one another, they are each shaped by different factors. It was hypothesized that people who are broadly punitive may hold a different image of young offenders from those who are not broadly punitive. The results reveal that those who hold broad punitive views do not have different images of young offenders. Instead, the majority of respondents believe that young offenders reject society's system of sanctioning inappropriate behaviour. That view is inaccurate. Young offenders, when presented with hypothetical cases, most often feel that a prison sentence would be appropriate and sentence cases using the societal norm of proportionality.
Concept maps and processes of comprehension, explicating cognition and metacognition, structural knowledge and procedural knowledge

Concept maps are said to represent mental models of problems that form in working memory. Integration of theories of cognition indicates that the structural and procedural knowledge of concept map links are comparably complex. Integration further suggests that comparably complex cognitive and metacognitive processes govern concept mapping. This thesis develops methods to assess the structural and procedural knowledge of concept maps, as well as their cognitive and metacognitive processes. The SOLO (Structure Of the Learning Outcome) taxonomy is adapted to assess structural knowledge in concept maps. The adaptation implies that five levels of inference create structural knowledge. Descriptions of the inference levels are used to develop an assessment scale for procedural knowledge. Applying the methods to students' concept maps, shows that their structural and procedural knowledge is comparably complex. It is argued that concept map procedural knowledge and cognitive processes are the same phenomenon. Therefore, the procedural knowledge assessment scale is used to measure cognition. A set of interview questions is developed to assess metacognition. The methods indicate that students' concept maps exhibit comparably complex cognitive and metacognitive processes. Conformity between concept map properties and the predictions of theory integration is said to support the argument that concept maps represent mental models.
Information processing constraints on the acquisition of a theory of mind

The study attempts to explain the acquisition of a theory of mind in terms of a general increase in cognitive resources or growing working memory (WM) and investigates the crucial steps involved in understanding false belief (FB). It was hypothesized that the difficulty in the FB task could be attributed to the complications in coordinating the epistemic state information of the self with that of the other and the role that cognitive processing resources play in that coordination. in Experiment 1, sixty-six children, 3 to 5 years of age, were tested on the standard and a more detailed FB task that included questions regarding "seeing" and "knowing". Performance on these tasks was related to three tests of WM and a test of vocabulary. It was found that children erred in three ways: (1) they misunderstand both what the other has seen and what s/he knows; (2) they understand the other's lack of perceptual access but they cannot relate this to the other's resulting knowledge; and (3) they understand the other's lack of perceptual access and ignorance but they then cannot infer what the other's belief is. Those who erred in FB reasoning tended to be those with lower WM measures and lower verbal ability. Experiment 2 investigated WM capacity and its relation to the effects of training on the FB task. Another sixty-six preschoolers, who failed the FB task were divided into training and control groups. Children were tested on the same WM and verbal ability measures and also a transfer task, the representational change task. Training involved a detailed questioning of epistemic facts (e.g., "Did he see?" "Does he know?" "Where did he last see it?") with corrective feedback. A week after training, all children were given post-FB and transfer tasks. It was found that FB understanding within the FB task can be taught. However, WM and verbal ability accounted for little of the benefits of training. Further, training on the FB task failed to transfer to the parallel representational change task. It was concluded that both content and cognitive resources contribute to the understanding of false belief. Theoretical and educational implications are discussed.
The process of community development with seniors, an ethnographic study

This dissertation investigates the process of community development with seniors as it occurs in government-funded community health agencies. It makes a unique contribution to the literature by revealing the phases and dimensions of the process and by making visible the diverse, multi-level influences giving it shape. Further, the consequences of the process are identified and perceptions of participants are given voice. An ethnographic research method was used that involved participant observation of two naturally-occurring cases of community development with seniors, one sponsored by a public health department and the other by a community health centre. Participant observation included participation in planning meetings, twenty-one interviews with senior participants, thirteen interviews with professional participants, twenty-one telephone interviews with persons representing a variety of settings with an interest in community development, and analysis of written documents. The core study finding was that the community development process was characterized by five phases and three key dimensions. The five phases of the process were: (a) building agency commitment for action, (b) building community commitment for action, (c) building capacity for action, (d) taking action, and (e) ending. The three dimensions characterizing the process were: (a) delays, interruptions, and premature closure, (b) control by experts, and (c) outcomes that were not fully realized. Two constraints on the community development process were identified as: (a) a political agenda that involved cutting costs, controlling the health agenda, oppressing political action by community groups, and shifting the focus on health programmes from older persons to youth and (b) conflicting expectations related to the results of the process. The consequences of the community development process included improved health-related knowledge and lifestyle behaviours and improved social support. The process was found to be non-sustainable even after significant investment of resources. The discussion emphasizes the importance of government and agency support, both philosophical and financial, for the community development process. It also affirms the critical role professionals play in facilitating power-sharing with community members. The metaphor of the fruit tree is used to give rich illustration to the multiple factors influencing 'healthy growth' of the community development process.
El dictador en la novela hispanoamericana

This dissertation analyzes the dictator in the Latin American novel. The introduction defines the concept of dictator and emphasizes that within the field of political science, he is seen as the concentrator of power, while in the literary field he may be seen as one who is able to take command and create worlds according to his own desires. The first chapter examines the dictator's portrait in poetry, theatre, essays, and short stories, within which his appearance is sporadic. In general he is seen as a personality who embodies all that is negative and destructive. The second chapter is dedicated to the study of the dictator in the narratives of Romanticism. In 'El matadero' and 'Amalia' he is characterized as being a violent and intolerant statesman. This literature is expressed as a historical novel in which the main objective of the author is to publicly denounce the abuses of the dictator. The third chapter focuses on the man with absolute power in literature referred to as 'costumbrismo regionalista'. Two main topics are discussed: the rascal ruler and the dramatic dictator. Special emphasis is placed on the well-portrayed dramatic dictator in the novel 'La sombra del caudillo'. The principal objective of my study of this novel is to reveal the methods of philosophical reflection on abuses of power rather than the political denouncement of them. In the fourth chapter the discussion leads to the modern novel. 'Tirano Banderas' and 'El señor presidente ' depict the dictator as the main character. Characteristics are drawn from historical facts but remain at a distance to allow the formation of a fictional figure. The dictator is presented as a cruel, cynical man, who is also somewhat refined and condescending. The fifth chapter examines the dictator in the contemporary novel. It is characterized by the concentration of all power in his hands. The dictator controls his country politically, socially, economically, and culturally. His power is based mainly on force, carried out by his army, police, agents of espionage, and torturers. The principal contemporary novels of dictators are 'El otoño del patriarca, El recurso del método' and 'Yo el Supremo' each of which has its own formal characteristics. The dictator is fully developed in the Latin American novel and appears sporadically in all other literary genres. His capacity to give orders transcends the ordinary, permitting him to recreate the world, reflecting in it his personal vision. The dictator is the ruler and the creator.
p27(Kip1) in prostate cancer, prognostic value and role in mediating effect of high-dose dihydrotestosterone in LNCaP

p27 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor capable of inducing cell cycle arrest. p27 is abundant in multiple human epithelial tissues, however, the protein is less abundant and its expression more heterogeneous in malignancies from these tissues. In a study of archival tumours from patients with clinically localized adenocarcinoma, of the prostate, low p27 predicted shorter disease free survival. Androgen deprivation therapy prior to surgery tended to increase the p27 level. Low p27 in such turnouts was an even stronger predictor of early recurrence. G1 arrest of LNCaP cells by high dose dihydrotestosterone leads to a four-fold increase in p27 level, three-fold increase in p27 bound to cyclin E complexes. and inhibition of cyclin E-associated kinase activity. These data raise the hypothesis that changes in pathways that regulate p27 levels may contribute causally to tumour progression and growth modulation of human prostate cancer cells in response to various androgenic stimuli.
Dating by design, seal impressions from East Karnak

In 1991 a group of over fifty seal impressions with geometric, spiral and floral designs were uncovered at the Theban site of East Karnak by the Akhenaten Temple Project under the direction of Professor Donald B. Redford of the University of Toronto. This thesis is an investigation of the iconography and style of the designs preserved on these clay sealings from East Karnak. The designs are categorized into the following six classes and a miscellaneous group: (1) Human figures (3 examples); (2) Linear designs (11 examples); (3) Scroll and spiral patterns (12 examples); (4) Egyptian signs and symbols (13 examples); (5) Rosette patterns (8 examples); (6) Cord designs (3 examples); and (7) Unclassed designs (8 examples). Based on the preponderance of oval shapes and the designs, it is a logical inference that the majority of the East Karnak sealings were made by scarabs. But indications of shape And design suggest that other back types were also used in making the East Karnak sealings. In terms of seal dimensions, the East Karnak seal impressions fit better with the overall First Intermediate Period than they do with either the early or late First Intermediate Period. A late First Intermediate Period date for the East Karnak seal impressions is established according to both the iconography and style of the designs and the dimensions and shape of the seals that made the impressions. This corresponds with the evidence from the pottery found with the seals and from the archaeological context. The East Karnak sealings are significant in providing some of the earliest evidence for the use of scarabs and design amulets as actual functioning seals rather than as decorative jewelry or amulets found in funerary contexts.
Non-response and non-respondents in survey research

This thesis on non-response and non-respondents in survey research involved two research exercises; the first consisted of telephone interviews of market research analysts. The concern was that much of the academic literature and texts dealing with non-response does not relate well to the commercial market research world. This was an attempt to obtain from this group information about their common practices and strategies, as well as the concerns in dealing with non-response in the interests of their business clients. The second and major phase of the research was to follow-up and interview by telephone a group of 50 non-respondent representatives of business firms that had participated in a government-sponsored human resource development programme to find out why they had not returned the mailed evaluation questionnaire which followed the programme and to determine how satisfied they were with the programme. The findings from the interviews were compared with those of 100 respondents who had completed the mailed evaluation questionnaire. One interesting finding was that most non-respondents were not negative about the programme they were asked to evaluate, a challenge to the commonly held notion that non-respondents do not reply to questionnaires because they are adverse to whatever it is they are being asked about. There were, however, almost one-quarter of the sample who indeed were dissatisfied with the programme and critical of the design of the evaluation questionnaire. When the response contents of the written questionnaire were compared with the oral replies (given in the telephone interviews), it was found that there were no statistically significant differences between the original respondents' and the telephoned non-respondents' answers to the questionnaire. This finding also confounds much of the academic literature on first and second-order respondents' views.
In-between nationanlism and colonialism: Constructing Hong Kong-Chinese identities in the development of China

This study is about Hong Kongers' engagement in the social development of mainland China. I show that China-development is a discursive space in-between colonialism and nationalism, colonizer and colonized, and Self and Other. In this in-between space, Hong Kong-Chinese identities are articulated and contested. The study begins with the question: What is invested in Hong Kongers' will to China-development? I look at the historical context with which China-development is associated and which sustains its existence, and how individuals as subjects become invested in the discourse. I argue that China-development creates a discursive space where Hong Kongers' ambivalent identification with and alienation from China are reconciled. I show how Hong Kongers, the former British colonized, assume colonial agency in developing China in the name of nationalism. What organizes the discourse is the liberalizing mission of opening China to the "outside." This colonial subjectivity, however, is articulated as a redefined Chinese subjecthood in resistance to the authoritarian regime of their ancestral country. This convoluted postcolonial Hong Kong situation challenges existing theories of development and postcoloniality. I also discuss how Hong Kongers engaged in the liberatory politics of alternative China-development are implicated in colonial domination even as they seek to subvert it. For constitutive of the alternative China-development discourse are the construction of the Chinese state as oppressive and mainland people as victims. In particular, mainland Chinese women are taken as metaphors of what China does not have and as signs of resistance to the dominant Chinese state. The research methodology is grounded in taking China-development as discursive practices. Taking the approach of localizing discourses of colonialism, nationalism, and development, I ground my analysis in geo-social space where discourses are materially and practically mediated. Through local inquiry we witness how subjects relate to the discourses, make meanings of their experiences, and perpetuate, rupture, and transform colonial and nationalist domination. Moreover, through local inquiry we observe how colonial discourses can produce the Hong Kong colonized as agents who "speak." Therefore, alongside my analysis of the public discourse of China-development, I give much weight to the personal narratives of Hong Kongers who participate in China-development.