VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Dynamic carryover deposition in an entrained flow reactor

The accumulation of fireside deposits on tube surfaces in the superheater region of kraft recovery boilers is due mainly to the inertial impaction of carryover, the molten or partially molten smelt particles, and/or partially burned black liquor particles that are entrained in the flue gas. Understanding carryover deposition and parameters affecting it is important for optimizing recovery boiler performance. This work is the first to systematically examine the dynamics of deposition of carryover particles. Due to the complexity of conditions in the boiler, it is difficult to isolate the individual effect of the interacting parameters. An Entrained Flow Reactor (EFR) was therefore built to simulate the conditions that carryover particles experience during their passage through a recovery boiler and to obtain controlled deposit samples and fundamental data on carryover deposition. Experiments using the EFR were carried out to investigate the deposition of synthetic carryover particles of different size ranges. The results show that the deposition rate is strongly affected by the chloride content, temperature, and size of the particle. Deposition occurred only when the particle chloride content exceeded a critical level. The deposition increased with an increase in chloride content up to a maximum, and then it remained constant or slightly decreased with further increase in chloride content. The chloride content required for the onset of particle deposition decreased with increasing EFR temperature, but increased with increasing particle size. Particle deposition was found to increase significantly with particle size. A heat transfer numerical model was developed to predict the velocity, temperature, and liquid content of synthetic carryover particles as they pass through the EFR. The simulation results suggest that a minimum liquid content was necessary for particles to deposit. This minimum liquid content increased with an increase in particle size. The results also suggest that deposition process follows four different stages depending on the particle liquid content. Each of the deposition stages has been linked to a type of particle rebound.
The sorption of arsenic species to Moira Lake sediments

Adorption and desorption experiments were used to study the effects of chloride and phosphate on the mobility of arsenic with respect to Moira Lake sediments. Salinities ranging from 0-1500 mg/L chloride and ionic strengths ranging from 0-0.04M were used in a series of sorption experiments. Results from the sorption experiments indicate that the magnitude and direction of the effect of NaCl on the sorption of arsenate, arsenite, dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA) and monomethylarsonic acid (MMAA) is attributed to Cl- and not Na+ or ionic strength. In general, chloride reduced the sorption of arsenic on Moira Lake sediments. Arsenate and arsenite sorption was independent of ionic strength indicating the formation of inner-sphere complexes. MMAA sorption was dependent on ionic strength indicating that MMAA reacts with mineral oxides by forming outer-sphere complexes. The overall sorption order on Moira Lake sediments was arsenate > arsenite > MMAA > DMAA. Salinities ranging from 0-1500 mg/L chloride and phosphate concentrations ranging from 10-50 [mu]g/L were used in desorption experiments. Phosphate significantly enhanced the desorption of arsenic from Moira Lake sediments. Approximate phosphate: arsenic molar ratios of 1:22, 1:45 and 1:110 were able to displace 41%, 35% and 27% of the sorbed arsenic respectively. Chloride also enhanced the mobility of arsenic from Moira Lake sediments but to a lesser extent than phosphate.
Portfolios, teacher assessment as transformative learning

'Purpose and methodology'. This study examined at the potential of portfolios to sustain development as transformative learning, and perceived professional competence as inclusive of communicative, emancipatory and technical interests. The portfolio process was organized around four main vehicles which served as the primary sources for data collection: reflective activities, group/individual sessions, written peer feedback, and readings in chosen area of inquiry. A descriptive case approach was used. The portfolio and critical reflections of one participant were subsequently analyzed in regard to their meaning structures and changes in understanding. This analysis was amplified by comments provided by the three other participants. The interpretation of texts derived from the sources described above each combined narrative, semiotic and deconstructive analyses. 'Findings and conclusion'. Teachers indicated that each of the vehicles used to promote teacher reflection on presuppositions of understanding were useful but a combination of reflective activities and group discussions were particularly informative in eliciting new insights which generated modes of "reflective action." Goal-setting and its attainment, as documented in the portfolio, was a source of pride and achievement and promoted the teachers' sense of professionalism. Findings from this study revealed that each of the participants viewed their participation in a portfolio process as promoting their development in the following ways: increased self-confidence and self-esteem, sense of empowerment and personal ownership over the learning-assessment process, improved collegial relations, better student-teacher rapport, improved teaching practices, enhanced student learning and an increased sense of professionalism. Furthermore, the findings indicate that a portfolio process invariably sustains teachers' development of: enhanced awareness of sources in terms of needs, biases, patterns of behaviour, contexts, self-perceptions; metacognitive understanding of how they learn and conceptualize their practice; an ability to articulate and explain the concrete particulars of practice conceptually; transformed understanding of educational roles, students, curriculum, learning and teaching. The findings of this study also support concepts central to transformation theory: learning and development derive from a critical reflection of presuppositions and occur in a problem solving context. Transformation is critically connected to learner interests and forms of knowledge and results in more inclusive, integrated perspectives for making sense of self, others and experiences, leading to an enhanced sense of empowerment or "liberation." The portfolio process positively supports transformative learning and enhanced communicative competence.
BMP-7 regulates renal collecting tubule formation via both Smad1-dependent and Smad1-independent pathways in vitro

BMP7 is required for murine renal morphogenesis. Yet, the underlying mechanisms are incompletely defined. In vitro, low doses of BMP7 stimulate tubulogenesis, while high doses are inhibitory. Since inhibitory BMPs act via Smad1, we hypothesized that inhibition of tubulogenesis by high dose BMP7 is dependent on Smad1 while stimulatory doses act independently of Smad1. We tested this hypothesis in the mIMCD-3 cell model by stable transfection of FLAG-tagged wild-type Smad1, or mutant Smad1, [Delta]458, which lacks the sites that are required for activation. Expression of [Delta]458 Smad1 blunted the inhibitory activity of BMP2 on tubulogenesis by a dominant negative mechanism. Like BMP2, expression of [Delta]458 Smad1 blunted the inhibitory effect of high dose BMP7. In contrast, low dose BMP7 stimulated tubulogenesis to a similar degree in both [Delta]458 Smad1 and WT Smad1 expressing cells. Therefore, high dose BMP7 signals via Smad1, while low dose BMP7 signals via a Smad1-independent pathway.
Seek ye first the co-operative economic kingdom, the radical social gospellers and the fight for a just society in Canada

This research study the radical social gospel movement and its attempt to inspire and work for the transformation of Canadian society, from one based on social oppression to one centred on brotherhood/sisterhood, justice and equity in economic, social, and political relationships. It explores the argument that the radical social gospel movement in English-speaking, Protestant Canada would have done more to advance its goal of social emancipation, if it had integrated a comprehensive co-operative economic development approach with its electoral political strategy. Furthermore, it is argued that an adult education programme premised on fostering critical consciousness-raising and functional knowledge and skills in economic and social self-management would have had to be an indispensable part of this process. The idea and practice of co-operative economics in Canada, and the social gospel radical's thoughts on and experience with adult education are highlighted to support the thesis of this research.
Modeling and control of discrete-event systems with hierarchical abstraction

Control theory traditionally has been focused on analysis and control of continuous systems with numerical characteristics. In the past decade, however, there has been a growing concern with the symbolic aspect of systems owing to the advances in computer engineering. As a result the discipline of Discrete-Event Systems (DES) is emerging from the system control community. In the framework of Ramadge and Wonham (RW), signals of interest no longer assume the form of continuously valued functions of numbers, but instead are discrete strings of symbols. The system is controlled by disablements of controllable events. In practice, RW control theory is found to be effective for systems of small size, but in the case of large systems, the computational complexity may become intractable. This thesis proposes a generalization of the RW framework. Systems are modeled as multilevel hierarchies in which high-level dynamics are obtained leads to a significant reduction in the computational effort. Conditions on at all levels of the hierarchy. Finally two case studies are presented to illustrate how the theory may be applied in practice.
Sensitivity of travel forecast to road pricing policies based on an impedance feedback variable

This paper evaluates a new variation to the GTA travel demand model by testing an endogenous link that implicitly associates modal constraints from the lower level mode choice model which involves nested logit modeling procedures, to modal constraints from the higher level distribution model which involves entropy gravity modeling procedures. The modal constraints developed in previous trip distribution models were ad hoc in nature and were designed based on ' a priori' expectations to incorporate modal level of service attributes for the various zones. The revised model provides these constraints as a logsum term from model choice model and thus does away with the need to manually develop these constraints in the trip distribution phase of the model. The performance and effectiveness of the new endogenous link is investigated in the final stage of the thesis by comparing the full cost pricing policy analyses previous run with the 1991 Transportation Tomorrow Survey (TTS) travel data to those run using the 1996 TTS travel data. The analysis was divided into two categories. The first dealt with the analysis of the revised model in terms of its credibility and effectiveness in describing the trip characteristics and modal composition in the GTA. The part second dealt with a comparison of the original model to the revised model, paying particular interest to the various trip characteristics and price elasticity values. The revised model provided a theoretically sound feedback link between the mode split model and the trip distribution model and demonstrated that logsum impedance functions appear to provide better sensitivity to pricing policy scenarios.
Identification of types of compounds responsible for COD, TOC, and colour in bleached kraft pulp mill effluents

The contribution of various organic components to chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), and colour in bleached kraft mill effluents has been determined. A fractionation methodology was developed to separate the organic components while allowing quantitative analysis of the resulting fractions. Samples were collected from four bleached kraft mills including all process streams that contribute significantly to dissolved organic material entering the mill treatment systems. The fractions prepared for analysis were: (1) high-molecular-weight (HMW) lignin, (2) HMW carbohydrates, (3) low-molecular-weight (LMW) hydrophobics, and (4) LMW hydrophilics. Lignin was the main source of colour contributing 50 to 90%. LMW-hydrophobics and HMW-carbohydrates were each responsible for up to 30% of the COD loading in effluents. The COD/TOC ratios were useful in indicating the degree of oxidation of organic material. Biological treatment was effective in removing 60-90% of the COD and 40-65% of the TOC, but was not effective in colour removal.
Outsiders inside, the social context of women's lawbreaking and imprisonment

This study is an examination of the impact of systemic oppression on women's agency and autonomy and its relationship to women's lawbreaking. The primary aim of this study was to uncover the ways that women's autonomy is impacted by systemic inequities and to find out how participants negotiated these inequalities. Recently implemented "woman-centred" correctional policy and programming was also examined and compared to incarcerated women's own lawbreaking and life history narratives. Data was gained from life history interviews and focus groups with incarcerated women, interviews with front-line correctional staff, and content analysis of correctional policy. This study reports findings in three main areas. First, the use of "woman-centred" therapeutic discourse within a women's prison functions as a means of managing women's institutional behaviour. Psychological treatment is integral to the prison's power to assess and control women's risk, behaviour, and qualification for privileges and release. Second, the racialized quality of a gender based model discounts black women's experiences and further perpetuates their outsider status. Psychological discourse based on notions of women's sexual victimization did not resonate with Black women's experiences, whose criminal convictions were largely economic. Lastly, the use of an individualistic and racialized "ethic of care" approach to relationships between staff and prisoners depoliticize women's social experiences and contribute to the overall correctional agenda of punishment and control. This study concludes with recommendations for an alternative theoretical paradigm and policy directions that recognize the relationship between socio-economic inequalities based on race, class and gender oppression, and women's lawbreaking behaviour.
A comprehensive sequence alignment analysis and structure comparison of the SH3 domain family

To take full advantage of the current wealth of protein sequence and structure data, rigorous methods for sequence analysis and structure comparison must be developed. In this study, a non-redundant alignment of 266 SH3 domain sequences was assembled. Henikoff weighting was used to reduce sequence bias and Shannon entropy was calculated at each position as a measure of residue conservation. Eighteen SH3 domain structures were aligned and a number of all-vs-all comparisons were performed to quantitate structural variation in the domain. No direct correlations between sequence identity or positional entropy and RMSD between structures were observed. However, conserved residues were found to consistently play important structural and/or functional roles in the SH3 domain. Several examples were noted of sequence conservation being mirrored by conservation of finer-grain structural features, such as residue burial by bound ligand or positioning in ß-turns. To further understand residue interactions in the SH3 domain, an algorithm for covariation analysis was developed. Because of its potential to aid in structure prediction, a focus of this work was on elimination of artifactual covariations and accurate prediction of residue contacts. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Doing battle in freedom's cause, Henry Bibb, abolitionism, race uplift, and Black manhood, 1842-1854

"Doing Battle in Freedom's Cause" is about the life and work of Henry Bibb, Black abolitionist and civil rights advocate, in the United States and Canada, from 1842 to 1854. It examines Bibb's activism as an antislavery lecturer and writer, his role as a convention leader, his participation in political abolition, and his work on the Underground Railroad. Bibb's founding of the Refugee Home Society, and the 'Voice of the Fugitive', Canada's first Black newspaper is also explored. A central theme of my analysis is the role of women in Bibb's life. In addition, this dissertation engages with the question of Black manhood and masculinity. This work builds on the recently emerged scholarship on Black abolitionism. This new scholarship seeks to highlight the profound impact that the Black abolitionists made on the antislavery movement. As I researched Bibb's life, and engaged with some primary sources, I became dissatisfied with the state of the history of African Canadian abolitionism, and the existing literature on Bibb. "Doing Battle in Freedom's Cause" is an original contribution to the scholarship on North American Black history and abolitionism, and seeks to restore Bibb to his rightful position as a foremost champion of Black freedom. It breaks new ground in several salient ways. A separatist/integrationist framework has characterized much of the history of African-Canadian abolitionism. This framework has been used uncritically in much of the exploration of Bibb's life. This focus has served to distort and undermine Bibb's achievements. I have critiqued this interpretation and suggested new ways of looking at the ideology and philosophy that informed Bibb's thought and action and those of other Black abolitionists in North America, especially Canada. I have also proposed that a transborder perspective be applied to the study of Bibb's life. Bibb lived in both the United States and Canada at different periods of his life, and went back and forth across the Canadian/American border in his antislavery work and uplift activities. His commitment to Black liberation did not stop at either side of the border. The nation-state (whether Canada or the United States) therefore proves inadequate as an analytical category for the study of the life of this abolitionist. Bibb's own transnational identity draws attention to the transnational subjectivities of his fellow border-crossing African Americans.
Effects of temperature and moisture content on transport of organic vapours in dual-porosity soil

In this study, one-dimensional column experiments were performed to examine vapour transport in an aggregated soil. The impact of various temperature and saturation regimes on transport of methane and toluene were investigated. Water content probes based on time domain reflectometry technology and thermocouple temperature probes were used to monitor moisture content and temperature. Effluent vapour concentrations were measured with a flame ionisation detector. No methane retardation occurred under either moist or dry conditions. Mass transfer of methane between mobile and immobile zones was fast. Retardation of toluene decreased with increasing temperature under both moist and dry conditions. In dry conditions, retardation of toluene was due to sorption to Verilite. In moist conditions, retardation of toluene was due to dissolution of toluene in immobile water. Mass transfer coefficients for toluene increased with temperature and decreased with moisture content.
Teaching and learning in the computer-mediated conferencing context

Under the conditions of computer-mediated communication (CMC), the entire process occurs through the exchange of electronic messages. This thesis documents the experience of learning under these conditions toward determining factors which can afford or limit such experiences. Using the complete electronic record of a graduate course in qualitative research along with interview data, the researcher employs grounded theory, including some quantitative measures of text output, to examine elements of that experience especially the management of stressors, message flow, message production, cognitive strategies and the giving and getting of feedback. Among the factors seen as contributing positively to the experience were: the facilitative expertise of the instructor who was able to manage the affordances and limitations of the CMC medium in course design and delivery; and, the intellectual and social readiness of the students, The emergence of a cohesive, supportive learning community in the case under consideration confirms the findings of other researchers who affirm both that community will emerge as an artifact of continued participation in on-line groups, and that this social dimension is important to the effectiveness of asynchronous learning, and should be considered in course design. The thesis concludes with implications for practice and directions for future research including an exploration of the imitation of modelling as a powerful adult learning strategy.
Sublethal effects of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner subsp. kurstaki on gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: lymantriidae) and a tachind parasitoid, Compsilura concinnata (Meigen) (Diptera: tachinidae)

Parasitoid-pathogen interactions were examined using gypsy moth, ' Bacillus thuringiensis' and 'Compsilura concinnata' as a model system. Objectives were to quantify effects of sublethal doses of 'Bt' force-fed to gypsy moth, and determine if sublethal doses of 'Bt' affected host acceptance and suitability of gypsy moth for 'C. concinnata.' Gypsy moth were minimally affected by sublethal doses of 'Bt'; development of fourth larval instar was delayed, and male pupal mass reduced. 'Compsilura concinnata' preferentially attacked and had higher superparasitism in non-infected hosts, than in 'Bt'-treated larvae. Exposure of gypsy moth to sublethal doses of 'Bt' had effects on 'C. concinnata' parasitization and larval development that varied with timing of ' Bt' ingestion (relative to parasitization), 'Bt' dose and host superparasitism status. Parasitoids in 'Bt'-treated gypsy moth had shorter larval development times and smaller pupal masses than in control larvae. Timing of 'Bt' infection relative to parasitism is a factor in gypsy moth mortality, but not in parasitoid potential fecundity.
Compositional and carbon isotopic characteristics of abiogenically derived hydrocarbons at the Kidd Creek Mine, Timmins, Ontario

Volumetrically significant quantities of hydrocarbon-rich gas are stored in the crystalline rocks of the Canadian Shield at Kidd Creek Mine, Timmins, Ontario. Measurements of gas discharge rates, compositions and isotopic signatures indicate that; (1) large quantities of gas discharge onto the 6800 ft. level of the mine; (2) lower explosive limits of gas mixtures are on average $>$17% lower than that calculated based on a pure CH$\sb4$ phase in air; (3) gases are not significantly altered by secondary processes such as mixing, migration and oxidation subsequent to borehole completion; and (4) there is low hydraulic communication among the fractures hosting the gases. C$\sb1$-C$\sb4$ hydrocarbons typically become more depleted in $\sp{13}$C with increasing molecular weight. The relative concentrations of C$\sb1$-C$\sb4$ hydrocarbons follow a Schulz-Flory distribution. These distinct isotopic and compositional signatures indicate that the gases are not produced by conventional thermogenic processes. Rather, they suggest that the gases are formed by processes of inorganic synthesis via water-rock interaction.