VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Faculty Perceptions of Leadership on Ontario Colleges of Applied Arts and Technology

Leadership and diversity are both important topics in research and are often investigated separately. There is a long history of research in leadership, and diversity is a relatively new area of research in comparison. Differences such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, disability, and sexual orientation can be an advantage to some and a disadvantage to others when considering success in school, work opportunities or income potential. Rarely is research in leadership brought together with research in diversity, and both are complex areas of study. This study investigates traditional and emerging conceptualizations of leadership and differences in age, gender, race and ethnicity.This study investigated leadership from the perspective of diverse followers, and sought to understand the extent faculty perceptions of leadership differed based on age, gender, race and ethnicity at two large colleges located in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area. As well, this study investigated the ways in which faculty who differ prefer to be led, and the ways in which faculty who differ wish to be included in leadership. This study is important because research in leadership often overlooks the impact of difference among followers. In this current economic climate, college leaders risk having disenfranchised faculty who do not support organizational goals because leaders have not fully considered the significance of faculty diversity.Results suggest on one hand that the extent of difference in perception is minimal, but this does not mean the differences in perception are unimportant. As well, faculty perceived leadership as being embodied in an individual; although, there was a strong preference for shared leadership practice. Faculty considered their primaryleadership role as being in the classroom and minimal involvement in leadership outside of that context. Finally, the implications of these findings for leadership and leadership practice are discussed. The findings presented will help to support conceptualizations of leadership in the colleges studied that model a shared leadership practice in order to meet organizational goals.

Keywords: Colleges of Applied Arts and Technology
Diversity
Faculty Perceptions
Leadership
Advisor: Angela, Hildyard
Analysis of Rapid Pipeline Filling Including Column Separation Entrapped Air Effects

Frequent pipe filling in intermittent and other pipe systems may result in extreme transient flow conditions mainly caused by the formation and destruction of two-phase flows. This thesis aims at providing insights into select issues associated with rapid pipe filling, including water column separation and rejoinder, a more complete physical understanding of rapid pressurization of the pipe systems containing entrapped air, and improvements in the numerical modeling of transient mixed flow in pipelines. Through an extensive numerical exploration, this thesis identifies three new sources of water column separation which can produce extensive water hammer pressures. The underlying physics associated with these findings are explained, and the sensitivity of the resulting water hammer pressures to the different parameters of pipe systems is revealed. The key challenges of experiments with this dynamic event are identified and a test rig is proposed. Numerical exploration also reveals that air valves can modify water column separation, but they can, on the other hand, result in a column separation-like event if they are not sized properly. This work also proposes an energy auditing approach under light of which the complex physics associated with rapid pressurization of pipe systems with entrapped air can be readily explained. This approach is successfully applied to a variety of problems. Finally, the causes of the numerical instability associated with the Preissmann Slot Method - issues that have been a challenge for over four decades - are explored and a new non-oscillatory numerical model is shown to be able to completely remove the numerical instability issue even when high waves speeds are modeled.

Advisor: Bryan, Williams Karney
Modeling the Climatology of Tornado Occurrence using Bayesian Inference

Our mechanistic understanding of tornadic environments has significantly improved by the recent technological enhancements in the detection of tornadoes as well as the advances of numerical weather predictive modeling. Nonetheless, despite the decades of active research, prediction of tornado occurrence remains one of the most difficult problems in meteorological and climate science. In our efforts to develop predictive tools for tornado occurrence, there are a number of issues to overcome, such as the treatment of inconsistent tornado records, the consideration of suitable combination of atmospheric predictors, and the selection of appropriate resolution to accommodate the variability in time and space. In this dissertation, I address each of these topics by undertaking three empirical (statistical) modeling studies, where I examine the signature of different atmospheric factors influencing the tornado occurrence, the sampling biases in tornado observations, and the optimal spatiotemporal resolution for studying tornado occurrence. In the first study, I develop a novel Bayesian statistical framework to assess the probability of tornado occurrence in Canada, in which the sampling bias of tornado observations and the linkage between lightning climatology and tornadogenesis are considered. The results produced reasonable probability estimates of tornado occurrence for the under-sampled areas in the model domain. The same study also delineated the geographical variability in the lightning-tornado relationship across Canada. In the second study, I present a novel modeling framework to examine the relative importance of several key atmospheric variables (e.g., convective available potential energy, 0-3 km storm-relative helicity, 0-6 km bulk wind difference, 0-tropopause vertical wind shear) on tornado activity in North America. I found that the variable quantifying the updraft strength is more important during the warm season, whereas the effects of wind-related variables are more uniform across seasons. The residual variability of the same modeling framework (a reflection of the fidelity of the statistical formulation considered) is subsequently used to delineate distinct geographical patterns of tornado activity. This piece of information provides the foundation for the Bayesian hierarchical prognostic model presented in the third chapter of my dissertation. The results of the latter approach reinforce my earlier finding that the spatial variability of the annual and warm seasonal tornado occurrence is well explained by convective available potential energy and storm relative helicity alone, while vertical wind shear is better at reproducing the cool season tornado activity. The Bayesian hierarchical modeling framework offers a promising methodological tool for understanding regional tornado environments and obtaining reliable predictions in North America.

Keywords: Bayesian Inference
Tornadoes
Advisor: George, Arhonditsis
Front-of-Pack Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols in Canada

Front-of-pack (FOP) nutrition rating systems and symbols provide simplified information on the nutritional content of foods. Despite concerns that the presence of multiple FOP systems may be confusing and misleading to consumers, the government has rejected recommendations to implement a single, standardized FOP system claiming that the current unregulated marketplace is already meeting the needs of Canadians. The overall objective of this work was to generate Canadian evidence to determine the legitimacy of the government's position.The specific objectives were to evaluate the extent to which foods meeting the criteria of voluntary FOP systems are identified by the system's symbol, to compare the nutritional quality of foods with and without FOP systems, to describe Canadians' attitudes towards FOP systems, and to determine experimentally the most liked and understood FOP system by consumers. We generated evidence through three studies. Studies 1-2 employed a 2010 database of Canadian packaged food labels. Compared to products without FOPS, products with FOPS were not being used to market foods consistently lower in calories, saturated fat, sodium, and sugar in 10 food categories and 60 subcategories. Significantly many more products qualified to carry two major Canadian FOPS than actually displayed these FOPS on their label. Study 3 used a national survey panel to test Canadians preferences for four FOPS. 86% of consumers supported the implementation of a single, standardized FOPS. Nutrient-specific systems (a traffic light and a Nutrition Facts table based FOPS) were preferred and rated more consumer friendly than other systems. In summary, FOPS are not being used to promote the healthiest products in the Canadian marketplace, and could be misleading consumers. Despite the government's position not to adopt a single, standardized FOPS, Canadian consumers would support such an initiative and would prefer a nutrient specific FOPS.

Keywords: food label
food supply
front-of-pack label
nutrient profiling
nutrition label
nutrition marketing
Advisor: Mary, R L'Abbe
A Sacrifice of Time: Work, Worship, and the Embodiment of Sabbath in Ancient Judaism

This thesis examines some of the primary practices and rituals associated with the Sabbath as described in literary texts from ancient Judaism and nascent Christianity in the Second Temple period and later. The material is analyzed from the perspectives of ritual studies and embodied cognition/conceptual metaphor theory in order to show how ritualized practices such as the periodic cessation of normal activity (i.e. work) and the performance of other, distinct rituals (i.e. praises; blessings) metaphorically produce meaning, knowledge and identity from the embodiment or practice of Sabbath in different contexts. Furthermore, the bodily performance of different activities that differ from those performed on other occasions contributes to the production of religious experience and construction of temporal experience. The first part focuses on several prohibitions regarding the performance of "work," practices related to its cessation, and how these functioned as an embodied metaphor of Sabbath as attention to the deity as well as situations where breaking Sabbath "rest" preserved this embodied knowledge of the seventh day. A second part examines positive commands of worship and in particular practices of blessing and praise for the Sabbath and deity. Furthermore, this section highlights a conceptual metaphor of "praise as sacrifice" in ancient Judaism and how some practitioners used intuitive knowledge of this metaphor to fulfill commands for Sabbath sacrifices apart fromtemple sacrifice. The final part examines the experience of the Sabbath day through ritualized practices that are often characterized as a time of profound union with angelic analogues. Ritual practices associated with Sabbath in different contexts functioned as a means for transcending the profane time of the mundane and for shaping communal identity.

Advisor: Hindy, Najman
Mechanisms of 4-aminobiphenyl-induced Liver Carcinogenesis in the Mouse

4-Aminobiphenyl (ABP) is a human carcinogen commonly found in cigarette smoke and hair dyes. In a tumor study carried out previously in our laboratory using ABP, female mice showed a dramatically lower incidence of liver tumors than male mice. This observation seems to parallel the prominent sex difference observed in human liver cancer, with women having a 3- to 5-fold lower incidence than men. Our overall goal is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind ABP-induced liver carcinogenesis in our mouse model, which we hope will improve our understanding of ABP as an important environmental carcinogen and also shed light on the molecular mechanism behind human liver cancer. According to a traditional model of ABP carcinogenesis, ABP N-hydroxylation by CYP1A2 initiates a cascade of bioactivation reactions that ultimately result in the formation of ABP-DNA adducts and the initiation of liver carcinogenesis. In the first part of my PhD studies, I generated evidence against this traditional model of ABP carcinogenesis by finding no sex differences in ABP-induced mutations in mouse liver. Re-examination of the ABP bioactivation pathway using both genetic and pharmacological tools revealed CYP2E1 as a novel major ABP N-hydroxylation enzyme in mouse liver. No sex differences were found in ABP N-hydroxylation activity. Since oxidative stress has been linked to ABP in vitro and represents a major etiological factor for human liver cancer, I investigated a potential role for oxidative stress in our ABP carcinogenesis model. Using a hepatoma cell line, I found that the N-hydroxylation of ABP by CYP2E1 induced oxidative stress. Following in vivo exposure to ABP, I detected increased oxidative stress in male wild-type but not in male Cyp2e1(-/-) or female mice. On the other hand, a stronger antioxidant response was observed in females, which may protect them from ABP-induced oxidative stress and subsequent liver carcinogenesis.

Keywords: aromatic amine
drug metabolism
liver cancer
mouse
mutations
oxidative stress
Advisor: Denis, M Grant
Teaching as Mentoring: How Secondary School Teachers Engage in the Mentoring of Students

Teaching as Mentoring: How Secondary School Teachers Engage in the Mentoring of StudentsMatthew DeJongDoctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Curriculum, Teaching and LearningUniversity of Toronto(2014) Abstract This qualitative study explores the perspectives of five secondary school teachers and four former secondary students in a large, suburban Ontario city on their practice and experiences of mentoring non-at-risk students in a diverse, rapidly changing, academically underperforming area. In-depth interviews conducted with teachers and students demonstrated that teachers incorporate elements found in the existing mentoring schemes, yet sometimes exceed such roles, integrating complex and intensive psycho-social and academic modes of mentoring into their daily work with students. Within this study, teachers and students define teaching as that which takes place within the context of the classroom, while mentoring was seen as those one-on-one relationships that develop over a significant period of time. The findings of my study illustrate that teachers who mentor their students produce insight into significant mentoring themes: teachers who mentor sometimes act in ways similar to classical notions of mentors, in lieu of an absent parent; both teachers and students propose that cross-cultural mentoring and opposite-gender mentoring should be encouraged, and that successful mentoring happens in an environment of competence and duration; mentoring is necessary in a secondary school environment and that caring is vital in today's relationships between teachers and students. The analysis also reveals that though mentoring improves student achievement and engagement, there are risks involved in the practice of mentoring for both teachers and students alike. This study also suggests that though the discipline of educational mentoring is robust, the study of secondary school teachers as mentors to students not deemed at-risk behaviourally or academically by their schools is rare. The findings further show that today's non-at-risk students can benefit significantly by the teacher-student mentoring relationship. Consequently, since mentoring is seen as a practice used by teachers in the secondary context, it is of great benefit for schools and policy makers to support these efforts, and that improving upon such practice should be a priority in teacher education and professional development.

Keywords: Mentoring
Secondary
Advisor: Sarfaroz, Niyozov
Metropolis for Orchestra

Metropolis is a piece for large orchestra that explores the connection between manmade and natural spaces, inspired by the notion that as people expand urban boundaries, their relationship with the natural world becomes an increasingly alien experience. It is a twelve-minute, single-movement work rhetorically based on the sonata form. There are predominantly two types of music at play: one of thick orchestration, spontaneous gestures, fluid rhythms, and earthy sonorities--representing structures found in nature; the other of clean lines, bold leaps, crisp rhythms, and mechanical processes--symbolic of architecture. Most of the material in the work is derived from two closely-related motives that originate in the Primary and Secondary Themes. A third motive is used to generate pulsating heterophonic textures. Shifts between diatonic modes and synthetic--mainly octatonic and altered-octatonic scales--help illustrate sonically the characteristics of natural versus manufactured constructs. Rhythmic development is central to the narrative of the piece; the intervallic content of a given motive will often remain intact, while undergoing dramatic transformations in its rhythmic profile. Though the meter and tempo remains constant throughout the work, multilayered polyrhythms are used to momentarily obfuscate the pulse, while written out accelerations and decelerations obliterate the sense of pulse altogether.

Keywords: Metropolis
Music
Orchestra
Advisor: Gary, Kulesha
The Modulation of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Protein by Sphingosine-1-Phosphate in the Cerebral Microvascular System

In the vascular system, peripheral resistance is regulated by the myogenic response (MR), which is the innate ability of a resistance artery to adapt its diameter to changes in transmural pressure. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an endogenous regulator of the MR, and alterations in S1P's production or degradation affect the responses. The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein uptakes S1P, and contributes to S1P degradation. Since pharmacologic or genomic inhibition of CFTR function upregulates S1P-signaling, and cerebral myogenic reactivity is enhanced, modulation of CFTR expression/function may affect S1P's bioavailability. This thesis assesses whether S1P directly modulates CFTR's function, the mechanism(s) involved, and the implications in cerebral microvascular function. The three studies comprise biochemical and physiological evidence for the S1P and CFTR interplay. First, the iodide efflux assays in stably transfected baby hamster kidney cells (BHK) demonstrate that S1P inhibits CFTR channel function. The effect is reliant upon S1P1R-AMPK-dependent phosphorylation of CFTR's serine-737 residue. Second, the show that inhibition of the S1P1R-AMPK-signaling pathway stimulates iodide efflux in BHK-dF508-CFTR cells. In mice, the dF508-CFTR mutation enhances the microvascular reactivity of isolated proximal posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs), and S1P1R antagonism attenuates the responses. This demonstrates that S1P1R-AMPK aggravates the disease-causing mutant's phenotype. Finally, CFTR is established as a therapeutic target in heart failure (HF), by using a cell model of HF, and show treatment with the CFTR-specific corrector compound (C18) enhances CFTR protein expression and normalizes CFTR function. Furthermore, in HF mice C18 treatment normalizes the myogenic reactivity of isolated PCAs, and in-vivo treatment normalizes the cerebral blood flow. The thesis establishes the S1P-signaling pathway as a novel modulator for CFTR function, and implicates it in murine cerebral microvascular behavior. Also, CFTR is a novel therapeutic target for the cerebral effects of HF, and corrector compounds may be repurposed in the clinical setting.

Keywords: Cerebral autoregulation
Cystic fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator
Heart failure
Microvascular
Sphingosine-1-phosphate
Advisor: Steffen-Sebastian, Bolz
The Proliferation of String Quartets in Canada 1990-2014

This paper examines the proliferation of string quartets in Canada between 1991 and 2014. The year 1991 is a pivotal one: it was end of a Golden Age of string quartet performance in Canada with the conclusion of the activities of the Orford, Vรกghy, and Purcell Quartets. It marked, also, the beginning of a New Golden Age of string quartet performance in Canada. Similar to their predecessors, the quartets of this new era have different levels of international success, but one could call it a New Golden Age from the sheer number of professional ensembles active in Canada from 1991 onward. The thesis begins with biographies of leading ensembles of this period: the Alcan, Arthur Leblanc, Claudel-Canimex, St. Lawrence, Lafayette, Penderecki, Molinari, Bozzini, Borealis, Tokai, Silverbirch, Cecilia, Afiara, and the New Orford Quartets. The fourth chapter researches the opportunities available to string quartets in Canada, including the Banff International String Quartet Competition. To supplement the biographies and to gain additional insight on the available resources, eight quartet players participated in interviews. Findings emphasize the need to create more support for Canadian musicians, including both professional ensembles and also young aspiring quartet ensembles, to stay in Canada. While the support from Canada Council and provincial art councils is unique to Canada, the number of residencies available in Canada is far behind what is on offer in the USA. The need to promote these ensembles on a greater level is reaffirmed.The proliferation of ensembles has resulted in an abundance of Canadian string quartet compositions. This thesis is supplemented by an appendix that lists over 280 Canadian string quartet compositions written after 1990. Together with Elliott's original list of over 370 works up to 1990, this complete list serves as a guide to promote Canadian string quartet compositions.

Keywords: Banff International String Quartet Competition
Canadian String Quartet Compositions
Cecilia String Quartet
Orford String Quartet
St. Lawrence String Quartet
String Quartet
Advisor: Robin, Elliott
Millennial Employees' Expectations of the Workplace: A Case Study of Humber College

The purpose of this study was to explore and describe whether what the Millennial employees (employees born between January 1, 1981 and December 31, 2000) who participated in the study wanted in the workplace aligned with what is currently offered in the Ontario Colleges of Applied Arts Technology (CAAT) system. More specifically, the study examined if the Millennials who currently worked at the CAAT that was the site of this study (Humber College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning), felt the current "terms and conditions" of employment met their needs, and if not, what were their suggestions on changes that might be made to better meet their expectations.I used a convergent parallel mixed methodology research design for this study with the intention to provide Humber leaders with the perspectives of their youngest employees on the current "terms and conditions" of employment and provide recommendations on if and/or how changes could be made to better meet these employees' needs. By including the perspectives from three key sources of information in this study, that is, Millennial employees, Human Resources leaders, and document analysis, the findings provided a deeper understanding of the issues explored.The conclusions and recommendations drawn from this study suggest that there are many opportunities for college leaders to re-examine policies and practices that are currently in place for college employees. Many suggestions and recommendations were made in each of the five main categories measured: Financial Rewards; Recognition; Skill Development; Career Development; and Quality of Work/Life.The study findings may inform policy and practice that will create an environment that is conducive to attracting and retaining the best faculty, support staff and administrators so that the Ontario Colleges of Applied Arts and Technology can meet the mandate set out for them by the provincial government.

Keywords: College
Demographic
Millennial
Advisor: Katharine, Janzen