VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Intentionality and its vicissitudes: a study of the solipsistic and the relational aspects of the Freudian psychoanalytic cure

This study proposes a phenomenological interpretation of the Freudian psychoanalytic cure along the lines of the phenomenon of transference, i.e. the patient's reenactment of the relation with another person/other persons in the relation with the therapist. By taking into consideration the shift of insight determined by the analyst's realization of the meaning of the patient's transference, I divide the presentation of the cure into two main sections, namely the inside-out and the outside-in. The ouside-in section describes the analyst's spectator-like mode of relating to the patient before he/she got a sense of the patient's attempt to distribute him/her into a transference role, while the inside-out section describes the insight which the transferentially invested analyst gets after realizing how he/she is expected to reenact such a role. Within the inside-out section I follow the perceptions of the analyst and the patient in transference, first as occurrences in the two subjects in isolation, then as determinants of their relation. The phenomenological analysis of empathy and responsibility as they appear in the psychoanalytical relation occasions some concluding philosophical remarks regarding the insufficiency of the classical intentional analysis for the description of these phenomena. I submit that, in addition to the intentional formations described by classical phenomenology, there are relational structures of various sorts (empathic, moral-testimonial and cognitive-experimental), which cannot be captured by a purely intentional analysis and exist in their own right.
Low-voltage and low-power silicon transceivers and receivers for W-band and D-band applications

This thesis presents the design and implementation of low-voltage low-power transceivers and receivers in SiGe HBT and CMOS technologies which operate above 75 GHz. Circuit topologies capable of 1.8-2.5 V operation in SiGe HBT technology and 1.0-1.2 V operation in CMOS technology are used to obtain significant power reduction over other state-of-the-art silicon transceivers in the same frequency range, without an associated RF performance penalty. Techniques for minimizing the sensitivity of the VCO to temperature and power supply variations are shown, and modifications to an existing simultaneous noise and input impedance matching methodology in W-band LNAs are described. Three static and Miller frequency dividers for W-band operation are compared, and techniques for optimizing their speed and power consumption are proposed and analyzed theoretically as well as experimentally. A system level design methodology for minimum power consumption and maximum range in radar transceivers is also presented, and solutions to two of the key design challenges of integrated transceivers, namely, LO distribution and transmitter-receiver isolation, are described.

Keywords: Automobiles, Design and construction
Electrical engineering
Improvements in biasing, compensation and design methods of CMOS operational amplifiers

This thesis presents a design methodology for CMOS integrated circuits based on the MOSFET gate-transconductance-to-drain-current ratio (gm/I D), and the Advanced Compact MOSFET (ACM) model. The design methodology is more suited to current challenges in analog design than existing methodologies because it allows designers to work in weak, moderate, and strong inversion. Using the design methodology, I show how common circuit specifications can be related to gm/ID of MOSFETs within the opamp. Additionally, I present modifications to constant-gm biasing and Miller-lead compensation that mitigate some of their shortcomings. I describe a new constant-gm bias circuit with improved stability. I also present a lead compensation technique with improved stability over load variations. To demonstrate the circuits and the design methodology, I fabricated a test chip in 0.8mum BiCMOS. Simulation results are presented showing a 75% reduction in compensation capacitance for the constant-gm bias circuit, and a 40° improvement in opamp phase margin.
Du dialogue au dialogique: a l'autre qu'est le texte littéraire

Nous examinons l'interaction plus dynamique que certains Textes littéraires de la modernité établissent avec leur lecteur. Certains Textes littéraires modernes relèvent moins de la chose dite ou représentée, que du prétexte à établir une proximité du Dire avec leur lecteur et à se faire ainsi signe. La relation asymétrique qui en résulte suppose l'altérité radicale du Texte littéraire de la modernité et l'obligation du lecteur à déchiffrer le sens de cette proximité ainsi créée. Le point de départ est l'analyse de quatre récits littéraires. Trois récits sont des skaz à la première personne (Confession de minuit de Georges Duhamel, La Chute de Albert Camus et Le Bavard de Louis-René des Forêts). Grâce à son caractère oral marqué, le skaz possède le potentiel de constituer un Dire du langage. Le statut littéraire fort particulier de Compagnie de Samuel Beckett peut également éclairer l'interaction entre les Textes du Dire de la modernité et leur lecteur. Dans les deux premiers chapitres, l'analyse herméneutique et phénoménologique des récits permet de constater que les Textes littéraires du Dire ont des difficultés à projeter un univers fictif totalisant, ce qui incite le lecteur à une plus vive participation. À cette Gestalt finale ouverte correspond un mouvement auto-réflexif du Texte et une non-conformité au mode narratif, donc une sur-ou une sous-production d'illusion. Ces difficultés à comprendre et à concrétiser l'univers fictif de certains Textes littéraires de la modernité créent l'impression chez le lecteur de confronter une altérité plus radicale par rapport aux textes conventionnels. L'analyse contrastée entre le Dit ou le Dire de ces récits littéraires nous a incitée à situer la discussion du dernier chapitre à un niveau méta-théorique. Nous y différencions les approches théoriques du Dire de celles du Dit et nous examinons certains aspects de l'altérité foncière du langage de certains Textes de la modernité. À notre avis, le changement profond du type d'interaction entre ces Textes et leur lecteur justifie le recours au discours théorique éthique, centré sur le Dire du langage. Cette approche permet également de trouver certaines réponses viables quant à l'origine et à l'essence de la pensée dialogale.
St. Dymphna: a chamber opera in two acts

This is a chamber opera in two acts for five singer/actors, five instrumentalists, and electro-acoustic segments pre-recorded on a compact disc. The duration of the work is 140 minutes. St. Dymphna (ca. 7th century) is the patron saint of the insane and excessively nervous. Accounts of her life and martyrdom, along with the miracles and healings from mental illness attributed to her were first documented in the 11th century in the Belgian town of Gheel, the site of her martyrdom, and the centre of her cult, which became very popular in the late middle ages. A list of the source materials is included here. The narrative of this opera works on two levels. In act I, the story of St. Dymphna is told along conventional lines, beginning with her childhood, moving through the death of her mother, her father's attempt to seduce and marry her, and her flight with the Jester and Gerebern from her father's Irish kingdom. This linear narrative is interspersed with vignettes of madness and medical doctors. The musical characterizations are less conventional, relying more on cues. In act II the linear and non-linear narrative lines converge. The insane characters from act I begin interacting with the characters of the Dymphna story. The doctors' interventions are broader in scope, and more ruthless in nature, particularly as the King's insanity grows. In the final scene St. Dymphna subdues the doctor while her secure and affirming music draws the fragmented sounds of the mentally ill characters towards it, creating a kind of wounded unity out of disparate material.
Regulation of human proglucagon gene expression

The proglucagon gene is expressed in the pancreas, intestine, and brain. Tissue specific post-translational processing of proglucagon results in the liberation of glucagon in the pancreas, and glucagon-like peptide-1 and -2 (GLP-1 and GLP-2) in the intestine and brain. The proglucagon derived peptides (PGDPs) play diverse and important roles in human physiology. Although the regulation of rat proglucagon gene expression has been extensively studied, little is known about the regulation of human proglucagon gene expression. To delineate the mechanisms that regulate human proglucagon gene expression, we analyzed the transcriptional activity of reporter constructs containing various lengths of human proglucagon promoter fragments in rodent cell lines. Transient transfection studies demonstrated that 5.7 kb of human proglucagon promoter sequences are required for islet-cell specific expression of the human proglucagon promoter-reporter constructs. In contrast, DNA sequences downstream of −1.6 kb are sufficient for the expression of human proglucagon promoter-reporter constructs in intestinal GLUTag cells. To test whether our in vitro results adequately reflect normal islet cell physiology, transgenic mice carrying either 1.6 kb or 5.7 kb of the human proglucagon promoter sequences ligated to a human growth hormone (hGH) reporter gene (designated as 1.6hGLU-GH and 5.7hGLU-GH) were generated. Both RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrate that the transgenes are expressed in the intestine and brain, but not pancreas of the 1.6hGLU-GH or 5.7hGLU-GH transgenic mice. These findings demonstrate, for the first time, that the proglucagon gene exhibits species-specific differences in promoter element utilization to achieve tissue-specific gene expression in vivo. In the gastrointestinal tract, GLP-1 and GLP-2 are secreted in a nutrient-dependent manner in both humans and rodents; however, the molecular factors that regulate human GLP-1 and GLP-2 biosynthesis remain unclear. To determine whether nutrients regulate human proglucagon gene transcription, we studied the influence of fasting-refeeding and high fiber feeding on hGH transgene expression, under the control of the human proglucagon promoter in 1.6hGLU-GH transgenic mice. Our findings demonstrate that human proglucagon gene regulatory sequences specifying tissue-specific expression in gut endocrine cells are not sufficient for the recognition of energy-derived signals that regulate intestinal proglucagon gene expression in murine enteroendocrine cells in vivo.
A three-dimensional multi-block Newton-Krylov flow solver for the Euler equations

A three-dimensional multi-block Newton-Krylov flow solver for the Euler equations has been developed for steady aerodynamic flows. The solution is computed through a Jacobian-free inexact-Newton method with an approximate-Newton method for startup. The linear system at each outer iteration is solved using a Generalized Minimal Residual (GMRES) Krylov subspace algorithm. An incomplete lower/upper (ILU) factored preconditioner with reverse Cuthill-Mckee reordering is utilized to increase the efficiency of GMRES. The parameters in the solver are optimized to provide a balance between speed and robustness. Tests are performed using a variety of flow conditions and grid sizes. Results are compared to experimental values and other established numerical solvers. The solver demonstrates fast convergence and accurate solutions on grids up to one million nodes.
Achieving the paradigm shift: New governance approaches to regulating human rights abuses by corporations

Transnational corporations are powerful economic entities within the globalising world community. However, the rubrics of international commerce and human rights conflict, belying a schism between the two, which current methods of regulation--conforming to the traditional legal paradigm--fail to counter. In this thesis, I analyse the tension between globalisation and human rights to establish that current regulations fail because they ignore the interests and capacities of actors. Remedying this requires a shift in methods of norm-development that can be satisfied by New Governance, which uses stakeholder-negotiation to create binding norms through flexible means; breaking the traditional paradigm. New Governance has not yet been utilised to an extent that achieves the shift that will protect individuals. Regimes are viewed as non-binding through the traditionalist lens. This misconception must be dispelled for New Governance to succeed, for which purpose the historical example of medieval mercantile law may be useful.
CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte tolerance and immunity

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) represent a subset of lymphocytes that are important in providing effective immune responses in the host. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying CTL immunity is relevant for autoimmune diseases, transplantation and tumor immunity. This thesis investigates some of the many factors that influence the induction of CTL tolerance versus immunity. T cell deletion is critical for the homeostatic downregulation of responses following CTL activation and is also one mechanism by which T cell tolerance is induced. In one study presented in this thesis, the contribution of two surface receptors, TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and CD95 to CTL deletion was evaluated. It was found that T cell deletion proceeded unimpaired in mice genetically deficient in both TNFR1 and CD95 under all but one condition examined using a lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-based system. In a second study, the impact of tumor growth on tumor-specific T cells was examined in a murine model for insulinoma. Surprisingly, in this in vivo model, tumor growth favored CTL immunity rather than tolerance, thus shedding light on factors that influence the induction of T cell tolerance versus immunity. In the final study, the role of a recently identified tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily member, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), in the activation of antiviral immune responses was evaluated. Using gene-deficient mice, it was found that RANKL was necessary for generating efficient CTL responses in response to viral immunization. Cooperation between RANKL and another TNF superfamily molecule, CD40L, was also revealed for the activation of virus-specific CTLs. The studies in this thesis define conditions under which TNFR1 and CD95 cooperate to mediate T cell deletion, characterize a tumor model where T cell tolerance does not occur and immunotherapy elicits potent antitumor CTL activity, and present RANKL as a novel positive regulator of CTL responses. Together, these results contribute to the understanding of factors that regulate CD8 + CTL tolerance versus immunity.
The effect of strawberries in a cholesterol-lowering dietary portfolio

The objective was to assess the effect of adding strawberries, as a source of antioxidants, to improve the antioxidant effect of a cholesterol-lowering diet (dietary portfolio). Twenty-eight hyperlipidemic subjects following the dietary portfolio, consisting of soy, viscous fibre, plant sterol and nuts for a mean of 2.5 years were randomized to receive supplements of strawberries (454 g/d, 112 kcal) or additional oat bran bread (65 g/d, 112 kcal, 2g beta-glucan) (control) in a randomized 1-month cross-over study with a two-week washout. Strawberries reduced oxidative damage to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) measured as TBARS in the LDL fraction (P=0.014) without significantly altering reductions in LDL-C and total:high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (T-C:HDL-C) achieved on the dietary portfolio at one-year. The lipid values after the strawberry phase were similar to the post-oat bran bread values. Added strawberries may improve the overall utility of diets designed to lower CHD risk by preventing oxidative damage.
Prestrain and mean stress effects on cyclic plastic deformation responses of iron-based alloys

It has recently been reported that sagging behavior in spring steels is a direct result of asymmetrical cyclic loading. Although previous work showed that cyclic creep and cyclic softening are the two main reasons for the sagging of mechanical springs, the mechanisms of sagging are still not well understood. In order understand sagging mechanisms in commercial spring materials, both symmetrical and asymmetrical cyclic loading tests were carried out systematically on industrial pure iron and spheroidized AISI 1045 steel. The materials were chosen with the aim of simplifying the complicated microstructure effect on the cyclic deformation responses of commercial spring steels. In this work, slip band, cyclic deformation behavior, and the corresponding dislocation structure were studied. In addition, the effects of pre-strains on cyclic softening and cyclic creep were evaluated from the energy point of view. Based upon the present study, it was found that fatigue slip bands showed much less multi-slip even at high cyclic peak stress levels and with a large amount of cumulative cyclic plastic strain. It has been experimentally proven that the Bauschinger effect caused by the pre-strain would become negligible after a certain, but small, number of cycles in cyclic deformation. Hence certain types of cyclic tests, such as the cyclic creep test, should be considered more realistic methods for evaluating sag behavior. Increasing pre-strain had the same effect as that of decreasing cyclic peak stress on the amount of recovered energy, and the unreleased prestrain energy is believed to assist the materials to enter their cyclic saturation stage early. There exists a transition phenomenon between cyclic hardening and softening for iron under symmetrical cyclic loading condition and this transition depends upon the cyclic stress amplitude. On the other hand, spheroidized 1045 steel showed strong cyclic softening through the entire cycling under both symmetrical and asymmetrical cyclic loading conditions, resulting in the reduction of the corresponding dislocation cell sizes. In addition to the effect on the total cumulative creep strain, mean stress was found to have a significant effect on the dislocation microstructures.
Targeting a different mechanism for treatment of demyelinating disease using vitamin B12 in combination therapy

The process of demyelination involves complex, multifactorial mechanisms. Our ND4 transgenic mouse model, an over-expressor of the proteolipid protein (PLP) alternatively-pliced variant DM20 which exhibits spontaneous demyelination, was used for this study. Paclitaxel was recently demonstrated to be an effective agent in combating demyelination within this mouse model. IFN-β treatment, a current widely employed therapeutic agent, was used for comparison. In this study, Vitamin B12 was used in combination with paclitaxel as a novel treatment to combat demyelination, resulting in more effective and sustained attenuation of clinical signs. Changes to HPLC profiles of myelin basic protein (MBP) were observed after different therapies, indicating modifications to MBP. Combination treatments with Vitamin B 12 resulted in changes of MBP methylation, which were more similar to patterns exhibited by the normal mice. This indicates a potential role of Vitamin B12 in promoting remyelination or protective of further degradation by enhancing myelin stability.
Bounded reverse mathematics

First we provide a unified framework for developing theories of Bounded Arithmetic that are associated with uniform classes inside polytime (P) in the same way that Buss's theory S12 is associated with P. We obtain finitely axiomatized theories many of which turn out to be equivalent to a number of existing systems. By formalizing the proof of Barrington's Theorem (that the functions computable by polynomial-size bounded-width branching programs are precisely functions computable in ALogTime, or equivalently NC 1) we prove one such equivalence between the theories associated with ALogTime, solving a problem that remains open in [Ara00, Pit00]. Our theories demonstrate an advantage of the simplicity of Zambella's two-sorted setting for small theories of Bounded Arithmetic. Then we give the first definitions for the relativizations of small classes such as NC1, L, NL that preserve their inclusion order. Separating these relativized classes is shown to be as hard as separating the corresponding non-relativized classes. Our framework also allows us to obtain relativized theories that characterize the newly defined relativized classes. Finally we formalize and prove a number of mathematical theorems in our theories. In particular, we prove the discrete versions of the Jordan Curve Theorem in the theories V0 and V0 (2), and establish some facts about the distribution of prime numbers in the theory VTC0. Our V 0- and V0(2)-proofs improve a number of existing upper bounds for the propositional complexity of combinatorial principles related to grid graphs. Overall, this thesis is a contribution to Bounded Reverse Mathematics, a theme whose purpose is to formalize and prove (discrete versions of) mathematical theorems in the weakest possible theories of bounded arithmetic.
Concerns, opposition and community activism against landfills in Vietnam

This thesis examines factors influencing concerns about, opposition to and activism against landfills in Vietnam. It consists of three papers: (1) the evolution of community concern about landfills in seven communities Vietnam; (2) factors influencing community opposition to four landfills in Vietnam; and (3) the effectiveness of community-driven regulation in dealing with landfill problems in Vietnam and factors that influence activism against four landfills. By conducting in-depth interviews with 29 officials in seven landfill sites, the first paper found four major factors affecting the evolution of community concern about landfills in Vietnam: the increase in negative impacts of the landfill and failure to enforce regulations, the rapid increase in the value of land-use rights, increasing environmental awareness, and political change in the country.

Keywords: Geography
Environmental sciences
City planning
Banks and non-banks in the Toronto CMA: The impact of financial intermediaries on spatial justice in the city

This thesis examines the distribution and change of bank locations in the Toronto CMA over a fifteen-year period marked by observations in 1986 and 2001. The objective is to identify the relationship between the pattern of bank and non-bank locations and the spatial distribution of people by income. This thesis establishes that the spatial pattern of service delivery by banks and non-banks compromises spatial justice because equity in financial service access is reduced for those with low-incomes. Counts and ratios of service levels for banks in census tracts were tabulated and the significance in difference between income groups determined using null hypothesis randomization testing. This thesis finds that in 2001, the ratio of banks to population is significantly higher in tracts characterized by higher median household incomes. This bias in bank locations represents a marked shift from 1986. The repositioning of bank strategies has resulted in uneven spatial patterns of service delivery, with severe implications for entitlement to financial citizenship and urban development.