VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Those who (still) live on earth: a study of the ancient Egyptian Appeal to the living texts

The specific nature of the Appeal to the living texts in ancient Egypt is investigated from the Old Kingdom through the New Kingdom. The Appeal texts are defined in terms of three separate elements: (1) an invocation or address; (2) a request to provide offerings, speak the offertory prayer on behalf of the deceased, or to provide other appropriate behaviour; and (3) motivations, both positive and negative, provided to entice future generations to carry out these requests.

Keywords: Inscriptions, Egyptian
Egyptian language
Tombs, Egypt
Civilization, Ancient
The time-course of contextual influences on lexical ambiguity resolution: Evidence from eye movements

Eye movements were used to investigate the influence of the preceding context on the processing of ambiguous words. Participants read sentences containing biased homographs in either a single-meaning context condition that instantiated the subordinate meaning of the homograph ("The man with a bad tooth had a crown made") or a dual-meaning "pun" context condition that supported both the subordinate and dominant meanings ("The king with a bad tooth had a crown made"). Early duration measures (first-fixation; single-fixation) produced longer fixation times on homographs presented in the single-meaning condition than in the dual-meaning condition, whereas later measures (gaze duration; total time) showed a weaker effect in the same direction. This early effect of context is interpreted as supporting the reordered access model of lexical ambiguity resolution.
On the evolution of the clustering of galaxies

Explaining the origins and evolution of the structure seen in the local universe is one of the main challenges of modern astronomy. Observations of the evolution of galaxy clustering are a primary constraint on any model of structure formation. How this evolution depends on galaxy properties, however, has not yet been comprehensively investigated. In this work, the dependence of galaxy clustering on spectral energy distribution (SED), evolution-compensated RC-band absolute magnitude [special characters omitted], and redshift z is investigated within a sample of ∼3000 galaxies from the CNOC2 redshift survey. Techniques for estimating the galaxy correlation function and its uncertainty from survey data spanning a wide range of redshifts are developed. Galaxies with early-type SEDs, [special characters omitted] ≤ −20, and 0.12 ≤ z ≤ 0.47 are ∼2.4 times more strongly clustered and have a steeper correlation function slope than late-type galaxies in the same magnitude and redshift range. The relative bias between the two samples is consistent with that observed for nearby galaxies. The comoving correlation amplitude is moderately sensitive to galaxy luminosity, with brighter galaxies being more strongly clustered, independently of SED. The luminosity dependence of the correlation amplitude for galaxies with 0.12 ≤ z ≤ 0.40 is similar to that seen in local surveys. The correlation amplitude for galaxies of all SED types and [special characters omitted] ≤ −20 is independent of redshift for 0.12 ≤ z ≤ 0.47. This is consistent both with the predictions of the biased structure formation scenario and with earlier observations. These results would seem to indicate that the clustering of galaxies has changed little during the past 3 Gyr. The correlation amplitudes of the early- and late-type samples evolve remarkably rapidly, however, with both samples becoming less clustered with time. Galaxy mergers, luminosity evolution, and SED evolution are considered as possible causes of the clustering evolution. While the apparent evolution of the clustering in the SED-selected samples is probably caused by evolution of the properties of individual galaxies, it is clear that the situation is somewhat more complex than is indicated by the results described above.
The language experience and achievement programme: case study of an educational change initiative in northern Pakistan

The Language Enhancement and Achievement Programme (LEAP) was an educational change initiative that was carried out in Northern Pakistan between 1995 and 2003. Its purpose was to improve the English and teaching methodology of teachers. Using Fullan's theoretical framework, this study attempted to determine how aspects of LEAP's initiation, implementation and continuation affected its chances of bringing change to the beliefs and practices of teachers in the Northern Areas. The opinions of LEAP graduates and educational leaders were solicited. The study concluded that while the LEAP Programme had some of the characteristics of a successful reform effort, it was also deeply flawed, and had been designed and managed without reference to the accumulated knowledge on educational change. The study questions the choice of English as the language of instruction in some schools of the Northern Areas. It also recommends that a theory of educational change be devised for developing countries.

Keywords: English language, Study and teaching
English language, Study and teaching
English language, Pakistan
Educational change, Pakistan
Language and education, Pakistan
Teaching, Pakistan
School improvement programs, Pakistan
Early word learning in single-word and sentential contexts

The principal goal of the present investigation was to ascertain the role of single-word and sentential contexts in word learning at 15 and 18 months of age. Secondary goals included the investigation of gender differences in word learning and the relations between receptive vocabulary and word learning. These goals necessitated the development of a non-interactive procedure that would permit precise control over the input. Experiments 1 and 2 were concerned with these procedural issues. When 18-month-old girls and boys witnessed audio-visual presentations featuring a speaker who talked about objects while looking at them, the girls learned the words, but the boys did not (Experiment 1). When the task was simplified, 15-month-old girls succeeded when the speaker's image was out of view, but not when it was in view (Experiment 2). The simplified task with out-of-view speaker was used for the remaining experiments. When the target words were presented in single-word or sentential contexts (Experiment 3), there were age- and gender-related differences. Specifically, 15-month-old boys succeeded only in the context of single words, and 15-month-old girls succeeded only in the context of sentences. By contrast, 18-month-old girls and boys learned in both contexts, and they required fewer exposures than did younger learners. When the sentence frames were replaced by tones (Experiment 4), 15- and 18-month-old girls and boys failed to link words with objects. Contrary to expectations, toddlers' receptive or expressive vocabulary was unrelated to their performance on the word-learning task. The results are discussed in terms of contemporary accounts of word learning.
It's not working: barriers to the inclusion of workers with mental health issues

This thesis examines the purposes and effectiveness of the equality protections guaranteed to workers with mental health issues. Equality protections promise full Inclusion in social, work and community life. The principle of inclusion is understood in three inter-related parts: inclusion in the workforce, inclusion in decision-making and, in the most broad and prospective sense, inclusion in Canadian society. The current framework has not addressed these core values of inclusion. The workplace continues to be a site of discrimination and harassment. Barriers prevent workers with mental health issues from getting or keeping employment, discourage their participation in decision-making, and entrench the devaluation, isolation and exclusion of persons with mental health issues. This thesis examines the judicial treatment of complaints of discrimination from workers with mental health issues. It also offers solutions to human resource professionals in regards to the concrete and attitudinal barriers experienced by workers with mental health issues
Autonomic management of transmission resources via reinforcement learning for cognitive radio

We explore the use of cognitive radio in the autonomic management of radio resources in market-based environments. To do so, we design two components: a resource allocation scheme for physical layer (PHY) parameters of bandwidth and power, and a machine-learning platform based on the reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms of Q-learning and Dyna. We integrate these components together to create a system where transmitters charge independent service prices for resources. Nodes incrementally learn to charge appropriate prices and cooperate to perform efficient spectrum sharing. This thesis evaluates our resource control algorithm by presenting a learning improvement over the non-cooperative tragedy of the commons where nodes perform resource hoarding. While we show that the algorithm converges slowly, we explore the potential need for more directed learning algorithms based on guided machine learning (GML) to improve the convergence speed of our algorithm.
Social exile: the cycle of peer victimization for children with ADHD

The goal of this study was to gain insight into the experience of chronic peer victimization for children with ADHD. Using an interview guide, four boys with diagnosed ADHD, aged 11 to 13 years, their parents, and their teachers were interviewed about the children's bullying experiences. Qualitative analysis of the interview data revealed that social exclusion was the most salient form of peer harassment, that the boys were perceived as being different from other children, socially isolated, and psychologically and emotionally beaten down . The pervasiveness of social exclusion and isolation led to the development of the core category of Social Exile. For these children, social skills deficits, emotional volatility, immaturity, and a lack of insight characterized being different. Being different was perceived as causing much of the victimization perpetrated upon the boys, which subsequently led to severe psychological and emotional distress.

Keywords: Bullying in schools
School violence
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Short-term memory
Hyperactive children, Education
Aggressiveness in children
Students, Crimes against
Adhesive joint failure: Effects of strain rate, temperature and adherend yielding

In Part I, a literature review of theories and experimental studies of the effects of high strain rates and temperature on the fracture, yield, and energy absorption capabilities of epoxy polymer materials has been presented. The objective was to summarize the likely influence of temperature and strain rate in automotive applications, especially in the cases of crash and environmental temperature differences. Theories on the yield of glassy polymer epoxies have been presented in Mathcad 8 computer programs, which are supported by the available experimental results for modified and un-modified epoxies at different temperatures. It was shown that the failure criteria working under static conditions work well under high strain rates. In Part II, a series of peel tests with different configurations has been conducted with a new epoxy adhesive, representing the application of the adhesives in conditions in which both adhesive and adherend undergo plastic deformations. Failure criteria were investigated using a model that treats adherends as bi-linear, but the adhesive can be any type of nonlinear format; in this thesis, a discrete set of uniaxial stress-strain data. Plane stress, plane strain and uniaxial conditions were considered separately for both adhesive and adherends. Two major failure criteria were considered; i.e. critical Von Mises strain energy and critical fracture energy.
Who will have sustainable employment after a back injury? The development of a clinical prediction model in a cohort of injured workers

Purpose. To develop a clinical prediction model for sustainable employment following an episode of work-related back pain. Results. The proportion of those not having missed work was 44% and 33% at one and six months, respectively. Unsustainable patterns remained consistent over time. The first month model contained measures of back and leg pain intensity, and previous back pain episode (c-index =0.69). The sixth-month model contained back and leg pain and job class (c-index=0.68). Additional questions improved predictive accuracy at one (c-index=0.77) and six months (c-index =0.76). Conclusions. Predictive accuracy of the prediction models increased by asking clinical and work-related questions. Methods. A prospective inception cohort study of injured workers with back pain was used. The outcome was employment patterns at one and six months post claim-initiation. Logistic regression was used to develop models where groups of variables predicted sustainable employment. Model predictive accuracy was analyzed with ROC curves.
Radial modulation imaging: Principles and in vitro measurements

Detecting ultrasound contrast agents in regions of low blood volume is currently a challenging clinical problem. In this thesis, we examine the potential of a novel dual frequency ultrasound contrast-specific imaging technique: Radial Modulation Imaging. This technique is based on the principle that a bubble driven by ultrasound below its resonance frequency will oscillate out of phase with one driven above its resonance frequency, so that imaging a bubble in synchrony with a wave modulating its radius can be used to create a contrast-specific signal. The decoupling of the imaging frequency from the bubble's resonant frequency overcomes the low frequency limitation of traditional contrast-specific techniques like harmonic and pulse inversion imaging, improving spatial resolution. This work demonstrates that Radial Modulation Imaging is feasible and is a potential contrast detection method above the bubble's resonant frequency. Radial Modulation Imaging will have potential applications in imaging myocardial perfusion in cardiology, imaging angiogenesis in oncology, molecular imaging and the field of ultrasound guided drug and gene delivery.
Simplifying system-on-chip design through architecture and system CAD tools

Historically designers created computing systems by combining Integrated Circuits (ICs) on Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), whereas now they are able to form complete Systems-on-Chip (SoCs). For the purpose of this study, SoCs are defined as a collection of functional units on one chip that interact to perform a desired operation. These modules are typically of a coarse granularity to promote reuse of previously designed Intellectual Property (IP). The decreasing size of process technologies enables designers to implement increasingly complex SoCs using both Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) and Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). The impact of increasing design complexity is increased design time and costs for electronics. Therefore, this research investigates methods to facilitate the design of SoCs through both architecture and CAD tools. This thesis has two main contributions. The first is an architectural framework for SoCs, wherein they are modelled as Systems Integrating Modules with Predefined Physical Links (SIMPPL). The strength of the model is the Computing Element (CE) abstraction that separates the module's datapath from system-level control and communications to facilitate design reuse. Although SIMPPL can be used to build SoCs for ASICs or FPGAs, using an FPGA provides designers with a reprogrammable implementation platform. Thus, our second contribution is to develop a design infrastructure that leverages the advantages of reconfigurability.
An estimate capture and monitoring tool: a computer aided software engineering tool for estimating and monitoring personal software development progress

Release Planning is a management framework for commercial software vendors to estimate and track software releases. We developed an Estimate Capture and Monitoring Tool (ECMT), a computer aided software engineering tool for estimating and monitoring personal software development progress, to support the Release Planning management framework at an individual level. The goal of ECMT is to provide a tool aid for developers applying Release Planning in order to determine if the Release Planning approach is practicable. ECMT's features are divided into three categories. The tracking time feature records time spent on hierarchically organized tasks, and provides graphical views of time spent. The estimation feature logs and analyzes the estimations of tasks as projects proceed. The combination of estimation and time tracking make ECMT distinct from related works by providing up-to-date progress measurement of projects.
Playing the role of a science student: exploring the meaning of the science student role and its relationship to students' identification in science

The results suggest a clearly defined science student role that is dominated by traditional understandings of scientific attitudes. The Phase 2 results suggest that the expectations can be represented by four subscales: intelligence, scientific mindedness, scientific skill, and appropriate behaviour. The results of Phase 3 demonstrate that student ratings of themselves as intelligent and scientifically minded were strong predictors of their self-reported identification with science, accounting for almost half of the variance in student outcomes. The results highlight the enduring power of the traditional meanings associated with science and highlight the importance of explicitly challenging these perceptions in the classroom. Learning and succeeding in school is a process that involves the whole person and is situated within the social context of the school and classroom. As science educators, this means exploring how and why individuals come to see themselves as science students. To examine this process, I have used a framework of role identity theory, which takes the perspective that in all situations there are roles that carry with them behavioural and attitudinal expectations. Individuals develop role identities when they are able to match their self-perceptions with the meanings of the role. This study explores the meaning of the science student role and its impact on student identification in science using a three-phase, mixed-methods design. In Phase 1, an exploratory qualitative phase, student responses (n = 95) were collected through open-ended questionnaires and follow-up interviews and used to create a framework for understanding the role and the expectations associated with it. Phase 2 used this framework to create a questionnaire asking students (n = 129) to compare the expectations in science to those in other classes. Phase 3 took the role components from Phase 2 and asked students (n = 292) to rate themselves and ideal science students with respect to these expectations. Regression was used to understand how students' comparisons of themselves to the role related to their definitions of themselves as science students and to their future plans in science.

Keywords: Science students, Attitudes
Self-perception in adolescence
Science, Study and teaching (Secondary)
Identity (Psychology) in adolescence
The facts of life: the sex instruction of Ontario public school children, 1900-1950

During 1900 to 1950 a broad and uneasy coalition of sex reformers--educators, physicians, feminists, sexologists, social workers and public health officials--who identified themselves with the social purity movement prior to the First World War and then with the social hygiene movement after 1918 raised their voices in favour of incorporating sex instruction into Ontario public elementary and secondary schools. The impetus for children's school-based sex instruction was the moral and medical threat posed by what was perceived to be the dreaded corollary of prostitution and the double standard of sexual morality: venereal disease. Sex reformers' discourse on incorporating sex instruction into Ontario public elementary and secondary schools would peak in intensity as venereal disease rates in the civilian and military populations rose co-incident with the First and Second World Wars. This study argues that first, children's sex instruction--variously labelled purity education, sex hygiene, social hygiene, sex education, eugenical instruction and family life education--was heavily influenced by the paternalism, classism and racism of the social purity movement as it came to be constituted after 1885. Second, even when supervised by the social hygiene movement after the Great War, children's sex instruction was predicated upon the post-1885 social purity movement's emphasis on the moral approach to sex reform. This moral approach involved a two-fold undertaking: training the child's will in favour of sexual self-control and imparting rudimentary information on sexual physiology. Third, children's sex instruction was rationalized by the post-1885 social purity movements invoking of three spectres of child-life familiar to middle-class child savers: the child ignorant of sexual matters, the feeble-minded child and the juvenile delinquent. Classed, gendered, racialized and sexualized, these spectres served as "poison containers" or receptacles into which sex reformers poured their anxieties over venereal disease, thus allowing them to conveniently ignore the societal inequalities which contributed to the spread of the malady. As such, between 1900 and 1950, sex instruction, or what British sexologist Havelock Ellis termed "the instruction of children in the essential facts of life," had less to do with teaching children about sexual anatomy, biology, physiology and psychology and much more to do with channelling Canadians toward compulsory heterosexuality, reproducing the patriarchal nuclear family, maintaining the hegemony of the Anglo-Saxon race, building a healthy, patriotic citizenry and protecting the nation state from harm.

Keywords: Sex instruction for children, History
Sex instruction for children, Ontario
Sex instruction for children, Social aspects
Sex instruction for children, Ontario
Settling pharmaceutical patent litigation through reverse payments: contrasting views

The pharmaceutical market in the United States has been facing a severe problem of raising prices, partially because the granting of weak patents increases the number of patent-based monopolies. This problem was partially addressed by the U.S. Congress through the Hatch-Waxman amendments to the Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act which gave generic applicants bonuses for litigating against pharmaceutical patents, which have been used by these applicants and patentees to enter into exclusionary agreements in exchange for a so-called "reverse" payment. In this thesis I propose a new understanding of Hatch-Waxman as a limitation on patent rights which would not permit agreements including reverse payments, and explain why the focus to fully solve this problem should not be left entirely to courts, but instead should be placed on improving granting of patents.

Keywords: Patent medicines, Law and legislation
Patent medicines, United States
Patent suits, United States