VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Multiband charge-coupled device [electronic resource]

Optical astronomical observation is one of our primary tools for answering fundamental physical questions, such as the Universe's formation, evolution and fate. Large-scale data from deep, optical, multi-color surveys are required to distinguish emerging, competing theories. However, today's color imaging methods typically require the use of band-pass filters or other wavelength selecting optics, because common image sensors are monochromatic. This paradigm is fundamentally inefficient, because astronomical sources are often broadband and most photons are wasted during wavelength selection. The multiband charge-coupled device (CCD) is introduced to circumvent the aforementioned limitation. It is a polychromatic image sensor fabricated on semiconductor-on-insulator (SOI) substrates with multiple device layers. It can be multifold more sensitive than a conventional CCD, because photons are collected and spectrally resolved in the substrate without external optics. It differs from other image sensors that feature vertically stacked photosites, because the SOI stack can be designed to minimize color crosstalk between the device layers. The improved sensitivity and color accuracy can benefit all filter-based color imaging systems, especially those that are limited by low-light imaging efficiency, such as optical astronomical telescopes. This dissertation presents the first experimental demonstration of multiband light absorption and charge extraction for a three-layer, front-illuminated, single-pixel device. Its design, simulation, fabrication and testing will be described. The ratio of the active layers' measured responsivities changes with wavelength, indicating that incident color information is captured in the substrate. This establishes the feasibility of combining multiband photon collection and charge readout in a monolithic SOI CCD pixel. It is an important step toward the realization of a full-scale multiband CCD.

Keywords: Electrical Engineering.
Advisor: Howe Roger Thomas primary advisor. Thesis advisor
Kenney Christopher J. (Physicist) advisor. Thesis advisor
Roodman Aaron J. (Aaron Jay)
Wong Hon-Sum Philip
Multifunctional integrated sensors for wireless sensor network applications [electronic resource]

Consumer and commercial applications that connect real world inputs and outputs to the internet are emerging in applications such as smart buildings, infrastructure monitoring, and surveillance. Future sensor developments that reduce the cost, size, and power and ease the deployment of sensors will enable these emerging applications. Most sensors used in monitoring applications today are microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) that interface with application specific integrated circuits (ASIC). This thesis investigates integration of multiple sensor functions onto a single multi-sensor MEMS die. The overall goal of my research is to reduce the size, power, and cost and increase the functionality of the multi-sensor. I use the properties of the integrated multi-sensor to improve performance compared to a system of separate sensor components. Using the multi-sensors, I analyzed the cross-sensitivity of each sensor function to other parameters such as the humidity sensor dependence to temperature and pressure using a systematic test method.

Keywords: Mechanical Engineering.
Advisor: Pruitt Beth primary advisor. Thesis advisor
Kenny Thomas William advisor. Thesis advisor
Senesky Debbie advisor. Thesis advisor
A multilateral manipulation software framework for human-robot collaboration in surgical tasks [electronic resource]

In robot-assisted surgery, exploration and manipulation tasks can be achieved through collaboration among robotic and human agents. Collaboration can potentially include multiple agents working towards a shared objective -- a scenario referred to as multilateral manipulation. We present a flexible software framework, called the Multilateral Manipulation Software Framework (MMSF) to expedite development of various multilateral manipulation strategies. The goal of the MMSF to facilitate rapid development of human-robot collaborative models in a thread-safe manner. We demonstrate the effectiveness of implementing the MMSF in three mock surgical tasks: inclusion segmentation, debridement, and electrocauterization. We built autonomous agents capable of completing these tasks, and developed human-robot collaboration models using these autonomous agents. Example human-robot collaboration models tested in this work include (1) fully autonomous task execution, (2) shared control between a human and robotic agent, (3) supervised control where the operator dictates commands to the robot, (4) traded control between the two agents, and (5) bilateral teleoperation. For each of our three implemented surgical tasks, we demonstrate the nature of results achievable through use of the Multilateral Manipulation Software Framework by comparing the performance of different human-robot collaboration models. For the inclusion segmentation task, we conducted a user study where we compared the performance of different human-robot collaboration models against each other. This dissertation also describes implementations that allow the Multilateral Manipulation Software Framework to be used with Phantom Premium Haptic Devices, the RAVEN-II Surgical Robot, and the da Vinci Research Kit.

Keywords: Mechanical Engineering.
Advisor: Okamura Allison primary advisor. Thesis advisor
Cutkosky Mark R. advisor. Thesis advisor
Gerdes J. Christian advisor. Thesis advisor
Multiple Xanthomonas euvesicatoria type three secretion effectors target 14-3-3 mediated immune signaling in tomato

Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (Xcv) is a bacterial pathogen that is the causal agent of bacterial spot disease in tomato, an economically important crop plant. Xcv utilizes a type III secretion (T3S) system, a needle-like structure, to secrete and translocate effector proteins into host cells. These effectors can suppress plant immune responses by binding and manipulating the functions of endogenous tomato proteins. Prior research in the Mudgett laboratory demonstrated that seven Xcv T3S effectors interact with multiple isoforms of the tomato 14-3-3 (TFT) family of phosphopeptide scaffolding proteins in yeast. In this thesis, I confirmed direct protein-protein interaction between TFT5 and TFT10 and three Xcv effectors –XopE1, XopE2, and XopO – in planta. Mass spectrometry of proteins purified from plant extracts showed that XopO and XopE2 are phosphorylated. XopE2 is phosphorylated at multiple residues including T66, a residue within a putative 14-3-3 Mode 1 binding motif. Importantly, mutation of T66 and S344 in XopE2 reduced XopE2's binding affinity for TFT5 and TFT10, demonstrating that effector phosphorylation is required for binding to TFTs. In addition, I obtained evidence suggesting that TFT10 is polyubiquitinated when co-expressed with XopE1, XopE2, or XopO and that TFT10 is degraded in a 26S proteasomal-dependent manner. These data reveal a possible molecular mechanism of bacterial pathogenesis whereby effectors target TFTs to promote their degradation. Finally, I determined that XopE1, XopE2, and XopO are required for Xcv to inhibit the development of tissue chlorosis in tomato leaves during infection. Taken together, my data support the hypothesis that Xcv employs a subset of T3S effectors to target and manipulate TFT isoforms directly resulting in interference with tomato immune signaling and symptom development.

Keywords:  Department of Biology
Biology
Plant
Biochemistry
Thesis
Advisor: Mudgett Mary Beth
Walbot Virginia
A multiplicity of human destinies [electronic resource] : development and settler colonialism in French Algeria 1860-1940

A Multiplicity of Human Destinies: Development and Settler Colonialism in French Algeria 1860-1940 provides a new account of the historical origins and institutionalization of development in empire, beginning in the ninteenth-century. A formative politics of development arose in Algeria as a form of proxy for institutionalized settler privileges; it compensated for struggling and then retreating European rural settlement. In the 1860s an advisor to Napoleon III named Ismaÿl Urbain (1812-1884) advanced a Saint-Simonian model of state-financed, modern economic development for Algeria, based on cultural recognition for subject populations and curtailing their summary dispossession. A decade later, an export industry based on fiber harvesting, on extraction of a steppic grass known as halfa (alfa in French), adopted the Kingdom's principles. This industry captures how both the conceptual framework and policies of development changed as officials improvised responses to indigenous protest. At the turn of the century, officials' concern to conserve the grass contributed to the theory that nomadism (mobile pastoralism) was a product of the universal human adaptation to environmental constraints. French officials leading new institutions such as the Southern Territories of Algeria embraced this new case for the accommodation of mobile pastoralism. Yet as the settler colonial regime became more and more cognizant of the value of mobile pastoralism and adopted a raft of measures to reflect this change, conditions for it on the ground were worsening. This paradoxical situation illustrates how prototypical development was shaped as much by officials' inconsistencies and blind spots as by formal epistemic systems of rationality, science and technology.

Keywords: History.
Advisor: Daughton J. P. (James Patrick) primary advisor. Thesis advisor
Crews Robert D.
Satia Priya advisor. Thesis advisor
Multi-scale 3D modeling of mesospheric electric fields and thunderstorm electrodynamics [electronic resource]

Thunderstorms are an important component of the Earth electrical system responsible for maintaining the fair weather potential difference between the Earth and its ionosphere. The electric fields created by thundercloud charges and lightning discharges create upward coupling between the tropospheric storms and the mesospheric regions at altitudes of $\sim

Keywords: Electrical Engineering.
Advisor: Inan Umran S. primary advisor. Thesis advisor
Zebker Howard A. primary advisor. Thesis advisor
Lehtinen Nikolai G. advisor. Thesis advisor
Multiuser MIMO with limited cooperation and channel state information [electronic resource]

Next generation wireless networks are targeting 1000x increase in capacity to meet the tremendous growth in data demand. As the number of wireless systems grows exponentially, the availability of prime wireless spectrum is becoming severely limited. Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technologies have emerged as a method to significantly increase spectral efficiency by creating independent spatial dimensions within a given frequency band. However, exploiting these spatial dimensions can entail significant overhead in channel estimation and user cooperation. This thesis investigates methods to make MIMO technology more effective by drastically reducing this overhead via two innovations: cognitive MIMO systems and noncoherent massive MIMO. In the first part of the thesis, we study cognitive MIMO systems that efficiently learn how to exploit empty spatial dimensions so as to avoid interfering with other systems in the same frequency band. We first consider a cognitive MIMO system where the transmitter of the first system learns the null space of the channel to the receiver of the other system by observing an affine function of the inflicted interference; a measurement that is already taking place in today's wireless networks. This measurement must either be broadcast or inferred by the power control mechanism of the interfered system. We analyze the effect of noisy measurements on the average worst-case interference reduction and show how this mechanism could be applicable in several wireless scenarios with limited cooperation across systems, including cognitive radio networks and cooperative base stations in cellular networks. In the second part of the thesis, we turn our attention to communication systems with a massive number of antennas (massive MIMO) and limited channel state information. In particular, we consider a single-shot system with single antenna transmitters and a single receiver with a large number of antennas, which only knows the large-scale fading statistics. The suggested system modulates information on the power of the symbols, and uses a receiver that decodes based only on the average energy across the antennas. We provide an optimal constellation design in terms of the achievable error exponent in the number of receiver antennas when the channel fading distribution is known. Furthermore, we provide asymptotically optimal designs with increasing constellation size for the case of perfect or imperfect knowledge of the first few moments of the channel fading distribution. We present numerical and analytical comparative results with other transmission schemes in typical scenarios and show specific examples where each design should be employed.

Keywords: Electrical Engineering.
Advisor: Goldsmith Andrea
Özgür Ayfer advisor. Thesis advisor
Weissman Tsachy advisor. Thesis advisor
Music play spaces [electronic resource] : a portfolio

Humans negotiate unpredictable environments every day. Responding to and engaging with new situations and rule-sets as and when they arise is quotidian, not a new or outlandish phenomenon. Interplay of object and meaning, interpretation via deduction and assumption, testing our theories and asking "what if I...?" in multimodal 3D environments happens in museums, galleries, concert halls and amusement parks but also in regular human interaction. There are no contexts that lack variables: we enlist templates that contain possibility spaces over scripts that forbid them. The phenomenon of the template—the signifying structure that stands in for the content—provides extremely fertile ground for an artistic praxis that seeks structural experimentation. The template is fallible in its incompleteness, humble in its neutral identity and aims of accessibility, and at the same time lifeless without human engagement and awesome in the multitude of possible branches it possesses. A template is a composed space that invites addition, subtraction, transformation, and reorganization. As participants in such composed spaces we are often unaware of the potential we possess as co-composers, as players. My work asks all those present to consider their significance as co-composers, as players in music spaces. In this portfolio of new works I draw on recent play research and explore composed possibility spaces for music experiences. I engage aspects of ritual, role and boundary in four new intermedial works: Situation #1: Agency (for Players, Explorer and Guide), Situation #2: Human Forms (a self-guided sound-sculpture audio tour), Situation #3: Interstices (for audience members, electronics, video and percussionist), and Metanoia: A Journey in 6 Scenes (a virtual environment for singers, percussion and single interacting player).

Keywords: Music.
Advisor: Kapuscinski Jaroslaw
Applebaum Mark
Chafe Chris advisor. Thesis advisor
My Lands Are Where My Dead Lie Buried: The Representation of Native Americans in South Dakota High School History Textbooks

Objective: In this study I discuss how history textbooks used in the state of South Dakota over the last 30 years or so represent Native Americans. In order to determine whether Native Americans are represented accurately, equally, and respectfully in the texts I analyze five historical events involving the tribes of South Dakota in each textbook. Method: Through the use of textbook coding and word counts the textbooks are analyzed and discussed in terms of accuracy and overall content. Teacher interviews are also conducted to provide insight into how educators teach South Dakota Native American history. Participants in the interviews are asked about their use of textbooks in their classrooms and how they incorporate outside sources to help students grasp certain topics as they relate to Native Americans. Results: The text analysis shows that although more recent textbooks are more objective and “politically correct” in the names they use for Native American people and tribes, the textbooks have slowly decreased in their coverage of Native issues and events. The teacher’s interview showed a pattern that goes along with the inaccuracies in the textbooks. Teachers very rarely use only the textbooks as sources for information. Many use outside and supplementary sources to discuss topics surrounding Native tribes in the area. Conclusions: Within a classroom setting textbooks cannot be the only source of information for high school students. Teachers must incorporate supplementary sources and school districts need to provide more accurate representations of Native Americans. Textbooks cannot cater to one group or specific event in history, meaning it is up to schools to pick up where the textbooks leave off. Schools need to help bridge the gap between cultural respectfulness and educational responsibility as it relates to teaching about cultural groups who have had huge impact on history in order to further improve cultural relations and establish well educated and informed students.

Keywords:  Graduate School of Education
Native American
Textbooks
History
Curriculum
South Dakota
Graduate School of Education
Thesis
Advisor: LaFromboise Teresa
Nanomaterials and devices for water and air [electronic resource]

One of the challenges in sustainable development is to conserve the natural resources and environment. Fresh water and clean air are the foundation to the public health. However, the long existing and new emerging pollution problems have raised serious concerns. In my Ph.D. study, I worked on developing nanomaterials and nanotechnologies to provide new solutions to the environmental problems from rational design to device realization. In chapter one and two, I will introduce the air pollution problem, air filtration background and how we use nanotechnology to solve the air pollution problems. A transparent air filter is introduced for highly efficient PM2.5 capture to protect indoor air quality. During haze occurrence, although outdoor individual protection could be achieved by facial masks, indoor air usually relies on expensive and energy-intensive air-filtering devices. We demonstrate a transparent air filter for indoor air protection through windows that uses natural passive ventilation to effectively protect the indoor air quality. By controlling the surface chemistry to enable strong PM adhesion and also the microstructure of the air filters to increase the capture possibilities, we achieve transparent, high air flow and highly effective air filters of ~90% transparency with > 95.00% removal of PM2.5 under extreme hazardous air-quality conditions. A field test in Beijing shows that our transparent air filter can removal 98.69% of PM2.5 at high transmittance of ~77% during haze occurrence. In chapter three to six, I will focus on water pollution problem, especially on pathogen pollutions, and introduce two nanotechnology enabled methods for water disinfection. Safe water scarcity occurs mostly in developing regions that also suffer from energy shortages and infrastructure deficiencies. Hence, high-speed, low-cost and energy efficient water disinfection are in great need to solve the water problem in these regions. In chapter four and five, one dimensional nanomaterial assisted electroporation was introduced for fast water disinfection. With conducing filter made from AgNW or CuONW, we have achieved > 99.9999% disinfection of model bacteria and viruses with contact time of only 1s. The filtration device that relies only on high electric field for water disinfection can be powered by battery or motion generated static electricity. Finally in chapter six, I will introduce a visible light photocatalytic water disinfection. Finding a good photocatalyst that can harvest visible sunlight for the generation of reactive oxygen species will enhance the solar energy usage for water disinfection in the developing areas. I show that vertical aligned few layers of MoS2, as a new photocatalyst, can successfully disinfect bacteria using the full range of visible light. With the rational selection of catalyst to promote electron-hole separation and reactive oxygen species generation, MoS2-Cu can achieve 99.999% bacteria disinfection in 20 min.

Keywords: Materials Science and Engineering.
Advisor: Cui Yi
Boehm Alexandria advisor. Thesis advisor
Cui Bianxiao advisor. Thesis advisor
Neoclassical gestures [electronic resource] : music-dance collaborations between the two world wars

"Eighteenth-century music is, in one sense, all dance music." Igor Stravinsky's words remind us that the sublimation of social dance into art music constitutes the lynchpin of classical forms that he, like many other neoclassical composers, returned to after the First World War. After Theodor W. Adorno positioned Stravinsky as a regressive antipode to Schoenberg the Progressive, aligning the former's music with reactionary, even fascist ideological tendencies, "neoclassicism" has had to shoulder disparate meanings and derogatory connotations. The term's checkered reception history, which includes classical appropriations by totalitarian art, brings together culture, politics and aesthetics in volatile constellations with one another. An event-based, dance-centered approach to studying what I call neoclassical gestures -- musical, choreographic and political elements that refer backward and outward through the amalgamation of past and present cultural allusion -- presents an opportunity to move beyond the historical moment of Adorno's polemic by contextualizing neoclassicism's community-forming potential while, at the same time, emphasizing its stylistic and ideological heterogeneity. My dissertation both broadens and qualifies the phenomenon of neoclassicism in music by investigating three interwar ballet productions: Francis Poulenc's Les Biches (1924), Kurt Weill's Die sieben Todsünden (1933), and Constant Lambert's Horoscope (1938). Designed to explore diverse European neoclassicisms through the lens of music-dance relationships, these case studies seek to capture the shifting perspectives and social factors that defined the cultural landscape during this period. Of key significance to this intermedial analysis is the mutable role played by irony. By showing how the diverse uses of popular dance by interwar composers went hand in hand with classical emulation and aspirations toward classicality, this dissertation establishes the terms for a reconciliation between neoclassical repertoire and the modernist canon.

Keywords: Music.
Advisor: Hinton Stephen
Hadlock Heather
Schultz Anna C. advisor. Thesis advisor