VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
The logic of ballistic missile defence procurement in Japan (1994-2007): from hedging through self-imposed restraints toward hedging from the position of military strength

This thesis asks why Japan decided to procure BMD if it meant building an infrastructure which, because of its technological nature, had the potential to disrupt Japan’s preferred security strategy of hedging, that is, maintaining ambiguity of commitment, vis-à-vis China and the US.
The investigation was divided into three parts dealing with the following questions – Why did Japan's BMD procurement matter? Who mattered? Why were the BMD and related decisions made? Such a structure of research was informed by “neoclassical realism,” according to which the relative material power of a country sets the parameters of its foreign policy, but the policy choices within these international constraints are made by political elites.
A range of policymaking heuristics were used to investigate the domestic element of the approach. In addition to the conventionally specified policymaking actors such as MOD, MOFA, Prime Ministers, an original attempt was made to identify the possible influences of several elite networks.
On the basis of the notes from the Japan-US Security Strategy Conference, two elite networks were analysed, namely the Japan’s Congressional National Security Research Group and Japan-US Centre for Peace and Cultural Exchange. It was concluded that they have probably had some influence on shaping Japan's BMD decisions.
The conclusion of this research is that BMD was procured despite its disruptive potential because it was a tool of shifting Japanese policy from one hedging policy to another, that is, from one based on self-imposed restraints toward one exercised from the position of military strength. An analysis of international relations in East Asia in 1994-2007 and an analysis of the views of the security elites make Japan's transition toward a military strength-based hedging appear rational and confirm BMD's utility as a tool in this transition. Some negative consequences of a possible disruption to hedging, induced by BMD, can be contained exactly because of such a reformatting of hedging.

Keywords: Northeast Asia
BMD
China
neoclassical realism
security strategy
North Korea
Japan
elite networks
military procurement
defence policy
US-Japan relations
Japanese politics
missile defence
Advisor: Neary, I
Orientalist themes and English verse in nineteenth-century India

This thesis demonstrates how a specific tradition of English poetry written by Indians in the nineteenth-century borrowed its subject matter from Orientalist research into Indian antiquity, and its style and forms from the English poetic tradition. After an examination of the political, historical and social motivations that resulted in the birth of colonial poetry in India, the poets dealt with comprise Henry Louis Vivian Derozio (1809-31), the first Indian poet writing in English ; Kasiprasad Ghosh (1809-73), the first Bengali Hindu to write English verse; and Michael Madhusudan Dutt (1824-73), who converted to Christianity in the hope of reaching England and becoming a great 'English' poet. A subsequent chapter examines the Dutt Family Album (London, 1870) in the changing political context of the latter half of the century. In the Conclusion it is shown how the advent of Modernism in England, and the birth of an active nationalism in India, finally brought about the end of all aspects of what is here called 'Orientalist' verse.
This area has not been dealt with comprehensively by critics; only one book, Lotika Basu's Indian Writers of English Verse (1933), exists on this subject to date. This thesis, besides filling the gaps that exist in the knowledge available in this area, also brings an additional insight to bear on the current debate on colonialism and literature. After Said's Orientalism (1978), a spate of theoretical work has been published on literary studies and colonial power in British India. Without restricting the argument to the constraints of the Saidian model, this study addresses the issues raised by these works, showing that a subtler reading is possible, through the medium of this poetry, of the interaction that took place in India between the production of literature and colonialism. In particular, this thesis demonstrates that although Orientalist poetry was in many ways derivative, it also evinces an active and developing response to the imposition of British culture upon India.
Uranium, zirconium and hafnium eta8-permethylpentalene chemistry

The purpose of this project has been to expand the η8 binding mode of the permethylpentalene ligand into uranium, zirconium and hafnium chemistry. All three of these elements have shown intriguing, high-hapticity carbocyclic chemistry and, because of their relatively large size, are excellent candidates for the development of organometallic permethylpentalene chemistry. Chapter one of this thesis will review previous work on ηn carbocyclic ring chemistry of these elements, where n = 6 - 8. This introduction will include the unsaturated rings systems where all the carbons are bonded to the metal centre, specifically η6 arene systems, η7 cycloheptatriene systems, and ~8 cyclooctatetraene and pentalene systems. Species of lower hapticity (e.g. the η6 binding mode of cycloheptatriene) will not be covered but reviews, where available, will be referenced.
Chapter two documents the successful synthesis and characterisation of η8 permethylpentalene uranium (IV) species. Initially, the uranocene equivalent, UPn*2 was synthesised and characterised structurally, magnetically and electrochemically. From here, a half-sandwich synthon [UPn*Cl4][Li(TMEDA)]2 was synthesised which was used for further salt metathesis chemistry in order to make a number of mixed sandwich complexes.
Chapter three is an account of the synthesis and characterisation of zirconium and hafnium η8 permethylpentalene species. Initial work focused on the synthesis of a suitable synthon analogous to that used for the previously synthesised titanium species. However, this route was unsuccessful and an alternative species was formed, [MPn*(&nm;-Cl)3/2]2(&nm;-Cl)2[Li(THF)x (Et2O)y ]. This species could be made on a multi-gram scale and proved to be a suitable synthon for further synthesis. Salt metathesis reactions were undertaken and a number of new species were synthesised and characterised including mixed-sandwich, alkyl, aryl and allyl species.
Chapter four reports the results of polymerisation testing that was undertaken for selected synthesised compounds. All compounds catalysed the formation of poly(ethylene), with the group 4 mixed sandwich species being particularly active catalysts. Two of the zirconium species, ZrPn*CpCl and ZrPn*Cp2 were therefore used for further optimisation experiments which were somewhat limited due to the high activity of the compounds. These were useful in gaining insight into conditions that should be investigated on a larger reaction scale.
Chapter five gives the full experimental details for all the syntheses described in chapters two and three as well as details of instrumentation used for characterisation, and also gives the respective loadings of catalyst and co-catalyst employed in the polymerisation testing reported in chapter four. Chapter six presents the full characterisation data obtained for the compounds synthesised and the electronic appendix attached as a CD at the back of the thesis contains the crystal data .cif files and the DFT output files (.out).

Keywords: permethylpentalene
zirconium
metallocycle
pentalene
hafnium
uranium
Advisor: O'Hare, D
Investigations into an archaeal RNA polymerase: structure to function analysis 

The archaeal RNA polymerase (RNAP) is similar to the eukaryotic RNAP-II in terms of subunit composition and overall protein structure. Despite its similarity, a new archaeal-speciﬁc Rpo13 subunit has been identiﬁed. Rpo13 occupies a position in the enzyme which, in RNAP-II, is ﬁlled by the eukaryotic-speciﬁc Rpb5 jaw domain. It has therefore been proposed to contact DNA, where the positively charged C-terminal tail might mediate protein-DNA interactions. Furthermore, analysis of archaeal genomes has identiﬁed a homologue of the eukaryotic RNAP-III-speciﬁc RPC34 subunit. RPC34 may associate with the single archaeal RNAP, modulating the speciﬁcity of the archaeal RNAP and re-directing it to a subset of genes such as non-coding genes, in analogy to the RNAP-III/RPC34 eukaryotic system involved in the transcription of 5S rRNA, tRNAs and other small RNAs. More importantly, the association of RPC34 with the single archaeal RNAP would deﬁne an archaeal enzyme which acts as a precursor of the eukaryotic RNAP-III. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) analysis of puriﬁed Rpo13 protein by recombinant means subsequently incubated with a double-stranded (ds)DNA sequence reveals the formation of protein-DNA complexes, where Rpo13’s binding to DNA is non-sequence speciﬁc but discriminatory to dsDNA, as no binding is observed in the presence of single-stranded (ss)DNA. Also, it is found that the ma jor determinant of DNA binding is the Rpo13’s positively charged C-terminal tail, since DNA binding is abolished with a Rpo13 mutant deﬁcient in this tail. Furthermore, neither ma jor groove nor minor groove interacting compounds have a major impact on Rpo13’s binding to DNA, suggesting that Rpo13 may associate with the negatively charged DNA phosphate backbone. Moreover, in vitro transcription assays indicate that a transcription product is observed upon RNAP incubation with a bubble DNA oligo shown to make Rpo13 contacts in the RNAP-DNA crystal structure. In addition, while a GST-pulldown experiment suggests the existence of an interaction between the archaeal RNAP and RCP34 in vitro, co-immunoprecipitation assays argue against the existence of such interaction from an in vivo point of view. Finally, a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-sequencing approach to analyse Rpo13’s genomic distribution versus the one of the bulk RNAP was undertaken. While the gel ﬁltration elution proﬁle analysis of Rpo13 in the S. acidocaldarius cell extract versus the one of recombinant Rpo13 suggests that there is a free Rpo13 pool in the cell extract, indicating that Rpo13 may be acting as a transiently-associated RNAP subunit displaying a factor-like function, the ChIP-sequencing approach reveals that Rpo13 is a bona ﬁde RNAP subunit since it co-localises from a genomic point of view with the bulk RNAP.

Keywords: Rpo13
RNA polymerase
archaea
RPC34
Advisor: Bell, S
A Catholic novelist in context

This thesis focuses on a writer who was a constant presence in the French literary field for a large part of the 20th Century and who, by the time of his death, had established himself as one of the major post-war intellectuals, yet who is increasingly typecast simply as a 'Catholic Novelist'. The thesis aim to counter this tendency by highlighting other, intriguing and overlooked aspects of his work and career : the pervasive presence of the body in his novels, his Sartrean sensitivity to the problem of intersubjectivity, or his post-war intervention over decolonisation, and the ethical questions this forced him to confront. The distinctiveness of the thesis lies in its stress on the need to resituate literary texts and other works of art in their socio-cultural contexts - that is to say, in the context of other discourses or representations of the world in circulation at the same time. Thus, Part 1 explores how both his artistic theory and practice are shaped, in unpredictable ways, by the ideological framework of Catholicism into which he is inserted in his early years. Part 2 argues that despite, or perhaps because of, his innate conservatism, Mauriac emerges as a writer who is sensitive to, and captures the nature of, the modern world, and the experience of living in that world. His modern sensibility is reflected in his preoccupation with intersubjectivity, one he shares with other writers of the period who are, perhaps, more recognisably modern. Part 3 examines how his political interventions, and his corresponding transformation from novelist to intellectual, are managed by L'Express magazine, and how in fact he came to collaborate with a journal whose politics were radically different from his own. Overall, through an approach which can be described as materialist and, from a religious perspective, agnostic, the thesis aims to demonstrate how Mauriac can still be seen to have relevant and interesting things to say to a contemporary audience.
Colouring, centrality and core-periphery structure in graphs

Krivelevich and Patkós conjectured in 2009 that χ(G(n, p)) ∼ χ=(G(n, p)) ∼ χ∗=(G(n, p)) for C/n < p < 1 − ε, where ε > 0. We prove this conjecture for n−1+ε1 < p < 1 − ε2 where ε1, ε2 > 0.
We investigate several measures that have been proposed to indicate centrality of nodes in networks, and find examples of networks where they fail to distinguish any of the vertices nodes from one another. We develop a new method to investigate core-periphery structure, which entails identifying densely-connected core nodes and sparsely-connected periphery nodes.
Finally, we present an experiment and an analysis of empirical networks, functional human brain networks. We found that reconfiguration patterns of dynamic communities can be used to classify nodes into a stiff core, a flexible periphery, and a bulk. The separation between this stiff core and flexible periphery changes as a person learns a simple motor skill and, importantly, it is a good predictor of how successful the person is at learning the skill. This temporally defined core-periphery organisation corresponds well with the core- periphery detected by the method that we proposed earlier the static networks created by averaging over the subjects dynamic functional brain networks.

Keywords: colouring
core-periphery
random
brain
combinatorics
graphs
networks
centrality
probability
algorithms
Advisor: Porter, MA
Scott, AD
Structural studies on antibodies

Data from ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance studies on the Fv fragment of protein 315, a Dnp-binding BALB/c mouse lgA(λ2) myeloma protein, have been used to refine a predicted structure of the combining site of the protein. The Dnp-binding subsite in the modified structure is composed of the side chains of three aromatic amino acids Trp 93L, Tyr 34L and 34H. A fourth aromatic amino acid residue is close to the side chain-NH-CH 2 -group, this is Tyr 33 H - The antibody-hapten binding is a simple encounter process, which causes no extensive conformation change in the Fv fragment.
A method for paramagnetic structural studies has been devised using Dnp derivatives with cllgophosphate side chains, which create a specific manganese binding site on the Fv fragment-hapten complex. The distances from the bound metal ion to the imidazole side chains of two of the three hlstldine residues of protein 315 have been determined.
¹H nuclear magnetic resonance has been used to study the histidine residues of the Fv fragment of protein 315. It has been shown that one of the three histidine residues (102H) is close to the combining site, but that this residue does not participate directly in binding haptens. 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance studies have shown the presence of a positively charged amino acid side chain near the entrance of the combining site of the Fv fragment. This residue has been identified as Arg 95L.
The mode of binding of trini trophenyl derivatives to the Fv fragment has been studied by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. It is concluded that these haptens, when bound to the Kv fragment, make contacts with the same amino acid side chains as Dnp derivatives.

Advisor: Dwek, R
Delay-tolerant data collection in sensor networks with mobile sinks

Collecting data from sensor nodes to designated sinks is a common and challenging task in a wide variety of wireless sensor network (WSN) applications, ranging from animal monitoring to security surveillance. A number of approaches exploiting sink mobility have been proposed in recent years: some are proactive, in that sensor nodes push their read- ings to storage nodes from where they are collected by roaming mobile sinks, whereas others are reactive, in that mobile sinks pull readings from nearby sensor nodes as they traverse the sensor network.
In this thesis, we point out that deciding which data collection approach is more energy-efficient depends on application characteristics, includ- ing the mobility patterns of sinks and the desired latency of collected data. We introduce novel adaptive data collection schemes that are able to automatically adjust to changing sink visiting patterns or data requirements, thereby significantly easing the deployment of a WSN.
We illustrate cases where combining proactive and reactive modes of data collection is particularly beneficial. This motivates the design of TwinRoute, a novel hybrid algorithm that can flexibly mix the two col- lection modes at appropriate levels depending on the application sce- nario. Our extensive experimental evaluation, which uses synthetic and real-world sink traces, allows us to identify scenario characteristics that suit proactive, reactive or hybrid data collection schemes. It shows that TwinRoute outperforms the pure approaches in most scenarios, achiev- ing desirable tradeoffs between communication cost and timely delivery of sensor data.

Keywords: delay tolerant data collection
distributed networks
wireless sensor networks
Advisor: Trigoni, N
The altruistic lobbyists

The role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) has sparked increased interest in recent years as they have grown in prominence and international activity. The thesis looks at British and Canadian NGOs concerned with overseas development assistance, and asks what influence they have wielded in the formulation of their own governments' development policies. Based on recent policy community writing, a "conceptual map" is devised which suggests that six elements are important for any analysis of influence: context, content, motivations, resources, tactics, and channels. Chapters two to five use these elements to look at the broad "policy communities" in which official development policy is formulated, and to examine the increasing roles and activities of NGOs as lobbyists. Chapters six and seven take a closer look at two specific "policy networks" within those communities: the relationships created around the World Food Conference in 1974 are compared with those existing at the time of the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (the Earth Summit). The thesis concludes that NGOs have had an increasing but limited influence on government policy, given (1) an increase in the activity and influence of NGOs, (2) the greater relevance of certain "elements of influence" over others, and (3) the comparatively stronger influence of Canadian NGOs in relation to their British counterparts. The thesis' contribution to knowledge is based on its use of extensive and original primary sources and interviews in both countries, its application of a policy community approach to a new field in international relations, and its systematic attempt to answer evolving questions about this growing, international, and non-governmental force.
Unilateral conduct in English private law

This thesis explores the question how unilateral conduct can create, vary or discharge obligations in English private law and how unilateral conduct is regulated. First, it is explained that the reason for asking this question follows from the candidate’s background in a civil law jurisdiction, in which unilateral juridical acts are regarded a category of legally relevant behaviour. After observing the obstacles in English law to the recognition of the civil law concept of unilateral juridical acts, a number of examples of unilateral conduct are identified that create legal effect. The focus of the thesis is on examples of unilateral conduct that create, vary or discharge obligations. English law allows the creation of obligations by unilateral conduct only in very specific instances. It is observed that unilateral conduct can create or transfer property rights. The different approach is explained primarily by deeply rooted distinction in English law between words and acts.
Subsequently, the thesis discusses how unilateral conduct is regulated. For some issues, notably interpretation, revocability and the intention to create legal effect, similar rules apply to the different examples of unilateral conduct. For other issues, especially mistake and form requirements, the rules diverge.
It is concluded that unilateral conduct forms a category of legally relevant behaviour in English law. This category is divided in unilateral conduct that creates obligations, quasi-contractual unilateral conduct that varies or discharges obligations and unilateral voluntary property transactions. Whereas quasi-contractual unilateral conduct is closely related to contracts and should thus generally be regulated in a manner similar to contracts, the unilateral voluntary property transaction is a distinct concept, to which specific rules apply.

Keywords: Dutch law
deed
consideration
unilateral conduct
contract
Advisor: Cartwright, J
A study of the problem of work effort in British industry, 1850 to 1920

The thesis investigates the factors determining the effort put forth by industrial workers in Britain during the second half of the nineteenth century and the first two decades of the twentieth. Why was so much energy and of such kinds put into work, and neither more nor less? What was the contribution of culture and institutions? And in which ways, if any, did the conduct of labour change over time? Labour effort contributes significantly to productivity differentials, between factories and across nations, and its study thus sheds light on that slackening of Britain's economic performance which historians have detected in the late Victorian period. Yet it is, additionally, a subject of interest in its own right. Work was the preponderating element in a man's daily experience, and much of the wide range of factory life found reflection in the matter of how hard he laboured and in what way. Indeed it is the contention of this thesis that an explanation of the level and forms of effort in the late nineteenth century must make reference to the workshop environment and its associated customs and social relationships.
These arguments are illustrated by detailed studies of the shoe and flint-glass trades. Despite obvious contrasts between these industries, important similarities are found to exist in the issues surrounding labour effort. In both industries operatives limited output; shoe and glass employers alike contributed to the failure to fully realise the productive potential of their establishments; the social equilibrium of both industries was subject to mounting competition from overseas - a challenge compounded in the shoe trade by rapid technical change; and in each case these disruptive tendencies eventuated in industrial confrontations which, however apparently successful for employers, left the fundamental characteristics of industrial organisation unchanged. These themes were common, not merely to glass and shoe manufacture, but to a range of major industries. The culture of output limitation was, we conclude, widespread in industry in this period, and emerged from similar reasons out of similar contexts.