VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
The deformation of bcc alloys

A detailed study has been made of thermally activated glide between 373 K and 20 K for UHV annealed single crystals of two Nb based substitutional alloy systems containing 1-16 at.%Mo or 4 - 60 at.%Ta, in conjunction with a study of the deformation of UHV annealed single crystals of Nb between 4.2 K and 77 K. Whilst the addition of Ta had only a small effect on the properties of Nb as measured by activation volume and enthalpy and the temperature dependence of the flow stress, it produced a large increase in the low temperature yield stress and displaced the appearance of anomalous slip to lower temperatures, e.g. 77 K for the 10 at.%Ta alloy. Addition of Mo produced more rapid changes Whilst the 1 at.%Mo alloy behaved like the Nb-Ta alloys, the appearance of anomalous slip was depressed to 113 K. Further additions appeared to suppress anomalous slip completely and radically alter the behaviour of the alloys. The thermodynamic analysis suggested that the more concentrated Nb-Mo alloys show a change in the rate limiting step at low temperatures, cf. a peak in the activation volume - effective stress curve. No solution softening was observed in the alloys. Complex transients were found for all the alloys at and below 77 K after changes in strain rate. The yield and thermal stresses for Nb deforming by anomalous slip were independent of temperature between 77 K and 50 K, only regaining a temperature sensitivity below 50 K. The importance of this for models of anomalous slip was discussed. Complex overshoots were observed after changes in the strain rate. Those observed at and below 20 K have been explained by reference to the change in specimen temperature produced by heat generation during dislocation glide.

Advisor: Taylor, G
Reading recovery: investigating differential effects on the literacy development of young children for whom English is an additional language in comparison with their native speaking peers

This thesis studied young, struggling readers, all of whom had participated in the Reading Recovery literacy intervention, and investigated whether differential progress was made by children learning English as an additional language when compared with their native, English-speaking peers. The children were assessed on a pre- and post-test basis on literacy measures associated with reading comprehension in a UK context.
Following a Pilot Phase, 52 children who were learning English as an additional language, and 48 native, English-speaking children were recruited from twenty-three primary schools in 8 local authorities across the UK. The children were administered standardised literacy measures, including the British Abilities Scale (BAS) single word reading test, the British Picture Vocabulary Scales (BPVS) vocabulary knowledge test, the Phonological Assessment Battery (PHAB) pseudo-word reading test, and two reading comprehension measures: the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test (WIAT) and the York Assessment of Reading for Comprehension (YARC). Statistical analyses were conducted on the data and the results indicated that differential progress was made by the groups, after initial levels of decoding or vocabulary were covaried.
The first research question investigated the differential progress made by the two groups, and over the course of the intervention, the EAL children made more progress after controlling for initial skills at entry. After controlling for initial vocabulary levels, the EAL group made more gains than their NS peers, as measured by the BAS single word reading assessment. The second research question examined differential predictors of reading comprehension, and multiple regression analyses showed that vocabulary was a stronger predictor for EAL learners, whereas decoding was found to be a stronger predictor for NS learners. The findings suggest that it is important to develop the vocabulary abilities of EAL learners, as the relationship between vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension acquisition was found to be stronger for this group than for the NS group. The findings also suggest that NS children’s decoding abilities must be supported, as the relationship between single word reading and the acquisition of reading comprehension was found to be stronger for this group than for the EAL group.

Keywords: intervention
reading comprehension
second language
early literacy
vocabulary
Advisor: Sylva, K
Murphy, V
Impure and worldly geography

This thesis provides a theoretical and historical examination of the production of contested colonial-geographical knowledge. Following a critical examination of recent 'contextual' histories of geography, it is proposed that treating geographical knowledge as colonial discourse is a more fruitful line of inquiry, and the emergence of post-colonial and colonial discourse theory is discussed. This leads on to a consideration of post-structuralist theories of textuality, discourse, and reading, as the preliminary to an analysis of the archive of the regular published knowledge of the Royal Geographical Society from 1831 to 1873. The racialised representation of non-European societies and subjects denies to them any status as active subjects of knowledge or history. It is found that the sanctioned geographical knowledge produced by the R.G.S. in the mid-nineteenth century depends for its identity on the construction of certain geographical knowledges, meanings, and practices as improper and inadequate. It is argued that the writing of geographical discovery thus involved the discursive dispossession of non-European societies of authority over geographical knowledge and territory.
Forward genetic analysis of mammalian immunity

Mutation, whether spontaneous or induced, is the premier tool for understanding gene function. One approach is to create mutations in a specific gene, and then use the resulting cell or organism to search for a phenotype. An alternative is to create mutations at random, and focus first on the identification of phenotypes. The mutation that underlies a phenotype can then be tracked down, forming the foundation of testable hypotheses.
Using random chemical mutagenesis in mice, I have identified 20 heritable phenotypes affecting either the innate or adaptive branches of immunity. The genetic basis of 18 of these phenotypes was solved, caused by mutations in at least 16 unique genes. Five of these genes were not previously known to be involved in immunity, and a detailed analysis of four of them is provided in this thesis. These include genes encoding the following proteins: the inactive rhomboid protease iRhom2, which is specifically required for the secretion of tumour necrosis factor alpha; the hypothetical phospholipid flippase ATP11C, required for B cell development in the adult bone marrow; the folliculin-interacting protein FNIP1, also required for B cell development; and the zinc finger transcription factor ZBTB1, essential for the development of all lymphocyte lineages.
These findings uncover new entry points for the understanding of mammalian immunity, and highlight the value of mouse forward genetics in the understanding of mammalian phenomena in general.

Keywords: Toll-like receptors
Mutagenesis
Lymphopoiesis
Advisor: Beutler, B
Cornall, R
Putting children first? Tax and transfer policy and support for children in South Africa

This thesis considers the extent to which tax and transfer policies in South Africa support children between 2000 and 2008. The analyses are carried out using a four-dimensional analytical framework which separates the dimensions of welfare ideology, policy aims, policy instruments and welfare outcomes. This approach is adopted in recognition of the fact that the extent to which tax and transfer policies support children is seen to vary according to the dimension of analysis.
The analysis of welfare ideology, policy aims and policy instruments is undertaken by considering key legislative texts, including the Bill of Rights in the South African Constitution, budget speeches and policy documents. Welfare outcomes are analysed at the individual and household level using microsimulation modelling. A microsimulation model for South Africa, SAMOD, is developed specifically for these analyses.
The findings of this thesis add conceptual and empirical understanding to the impact of tax and transfer policies on children. Children are found to be supported by policy to some extent, and have been prioritised in reforms to social assistance. However, recent reforms to tax policy have not benefited children and the analyses indicate that child poverty rates in South Africa could be lower than they are at present had the government pursued alternative policy reforms.
The construction of the microsimulation model SAMOD is a valuable tool to facilitate future policy evaluation in South Africa. Further development of SAMOD is recommended to continue to progress and enhance debates on policy reforms. In addition, this thesis highlights some key areas for future research including developing further understanding of the patterns of inter and intra-household income allocation and the impact that this may have on poverty measures for different groups.

Keywords: microsimulation
child poverty
South Africa
Advisor: Noble, M
Evans, M
Group enumeration

The thesis centres around two problems in the enumeration of p-groups. Define fφ(pm) to be the number of (isomorphism classes of) groups of order pm in an isoclinism class φ. We give bounds for this function as φ is fixed and m varies and as m is fixed and φ varies. In the course of obtaining these bounds, we prove the following result. We say a group is reduced if it has no non-trivial abelian direct factors. Then the rank of the centre Z(P) and the rank of the derived factor group P|P' of a reduced p-group P are bounded in terms of the orders of P|Z(P)P' and P'∩Z(P)
.
A long standing conjecture of Charles C. Sims states that the number of groups of order pm is
p2andfrasl;27m3+O(m2). (1)
We show that the number of groups of nilpotency class at most 3 and order pm satisfies (1). We prove a similar result concerning the number of graded Lie rings of order pm generated by their first grading.

Advisor: Neumann, P
Literature and the Greek auteur

The focus of this thesis is to trace the dialogue between the Greek cinéma d' auteur and Greek literature focusing on film adaptations of Greek literature from 1964 to 2001. It is argued that film adaptations are a sensitive prism through which to examine the auteurs? cultural politics regarding their work and, through that, understand the economy of the auteurist cultural production itself. The thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter One presents the history of the creation of the Greek cinéma d' auteur and traces its developments in relation to the concepts of national and high art. The principle argument is that Greek literature, endowed with notions of high art and national identity, played a key role in the gradual emergence, formation and consolidation of auteurism as a cinema that enunciates national identity and articulates high art values. The next four chapters examine four film adaptations each made by an acclaimed auteur. The chapters endeavour to investigate the identity politics of each director in relation to the categories of high and national art that defined the Greek cinéma d' auteur. Moreover, the chapters aim to study the politics involved in the validation or renegotiation of auteurism itself. The major contribution of the thesis is the exploration of film adaptations of Greek literature in the Greek cinéma d' auteur which has not been systematically discussed so far. Furthermore, the investigation of the two separate components that make up the subject of the thesis, namely cinema and literature, both from a theoretical perspective and within the framework of film studies, aligns the thesis with recent discussions in Modern Greek Studies and theoretical debates about authorship in films, film adaptations as well as peripheral cinemas.

Keywords: film and literature
Greek literature
film adaptations
Advisor: Papanikolaou, D
Sloping convection: an experimental investigation in a baroclinic annulus with topography

This thesis documents a collection of experimental investigations in which a differentially-heated annulus was used to investigate the effects of topography on the atmospheric and oceanic circulation. To this end a number of experiments were devised, each using a different topographic base to study a different aspect of the impact of topography, motivated by the most notable outstanding questions found in a review of the literature, namely exploring the effects of topographic resonance, blocking via partial barriers, and azimuthally differential-heating via thermal topography.
First of all, whilst employing sinusoidal wavenumber-3 topography to extend the experimental parameter space of a similar study, namely Read and Risch (2011), a new regime within a region of structural vacillation was encountered. Denoted as the ‘stationary-transition’ regime, it featured periodic oscillations between a dominant stationary wavenumber-3 flow and axisymmetric or chaotic flow. An investigation into topographic resonance followed, keeping the wavenumber-3 base, but with a sloped lid to add a beta effect to the annulus. This acted to increase the occurrence of stationary waves, along with the ‘stationary-transition’ regime, which was discovered to be a near-resonant region where nonlinear topographic resonant instability led to a 23 to 42 ‘day’ oscillatory structure. The base was then replaced with an isolated ridge, forming a partial barrier to study the difference between blocked and unblocked flow. The topography was found to impact the circulation at a level much higher than its own peak, causing a unique flow structure when the drifting flow and the topography interacted in the form of an ‘interference’ regime at low Taylor Numbers, as well as forming an erratic ‘irregular’ regime at higher Taylor Numbers. Lastly, this isolated ridge was replaced by flat heating elements covering the same azimuthal extent, in order to observe whether thermal topography could be comparable to mechanical topography. These azimuthally-varying heating experiments produced much the same results as the partial barriers study, despite the lack of a physical peak or bottom-trapped waves, suggesting that blocking is independent of these activities. Evidence of resonant wave-triads was noted in all experiments, though the component wavenumbers of the wave-triads and their impact on the flow was found to depend on the topography in question.

Keywords: Walker Circulation
Annulus
Low Frequency Variability
Resonance
Thermal
Wave-Triads
Intraseasonal Oscillations.
Topography
Blocking
Atmospheric Circulation
Oceanic Circulation
Baroclinic
Advisor: Read, P
Moral homelands: localism and the nation in Kabylia (Algeria)

This thesis is a study of attitudes to regional and national identity in Kabylia, a Berber-speaking region in northeast Algeria, and among Kabyle migrants in Paris. I illustrate how Kabyles nurture a fragile balance of nationalism and regional particularism through a primarily moral notion of local community, and extend it to an alternative vision for an Algerian nation which they believe has been debased by a corrupt state regime and Arabo-Islamic ideology since national independence. The thesis is based on two years of ethnographic fieldwork divided between two places – Paris and a large village in Kabylia – and reflects my interest in how people ‘imagine’ national community through their experience as members of smaller social groups.
Many Kabyle activists today formulate an alternative vision of Algerian national politics as a federation of several regionally based affective communities, each maintaining internal solidarity. This echoes a tendency in French colonial writings on Kabylia, discussed in the opening chapter, to conceive of the region as an island, intensively connected yet defensive of its autonomy. As citizens of the existing Algerian state, many Kabyles contest assimilation by claiming to represent Algeria’s ‘true past’, and investing contemporary governance initiatives with its values. They represent the radical difference that this implies with metaphors of the Kabyle community as a family within ‘public’ national life, and accuse the state regime of reversing this relationship by adopting a language of coercive authority appropriate only within the family. The transmission of Kabyle values today relies heavily on music, and especially political song, which I demonstrate – beyond its role in disseminating dissident ideas – acts as a vehicle for a type of secular revealed knowledge widely seen as the purest embodiment of Kabyle morality.
Beyond the hollow rhetoric of Western liberalism that some see in Kabyle activism, I set out to demonstrate that the particular narrative of identity that I examine, in stressing regional uniqueness at the expense of recognition from a centralized state, also reflects anomalies inherent in the concept of ‘nationalism’ itself as a compromise between the requirements of external co-operation and internal allegiance.

Keywords: nationalism
ethnomusicology
migration
political song
Algeria
minorities
regionalism
Berber
Advisor: Gildea, R
Willis, M
Signal processing methods for the analysis of cerebral blood flow and metabolism

An important protective feature of the cerebral circulation is its ability to maintain sufficient cerebral blood flow and oxygen supply in accordance with the energy demands of the brain despite variations in a number of external factors such as arterial blood pressure, heart rate and respiration rate. If cerebral autoregulation is impaired, abnormally low or high CBF can lead to cerebral ischemia, intracranial hypertension or even capillary damage, thus contributing to the onset of cerebrovascular events. The control and regulation of cerebral blood flow is a dynamic, multivariate phenomenon. Sensitive techniques are required to monitor and process experimental data concerning cerebral blood flow and metabolic rate in a clinical setting. This thesis presents a model simulation study and 4 related signal processing studies concerned with CBF regulation. The first study models the regulation of the cerebral vasculature to systemic changes in blood pressure, dissolved blood gas concentration and neural activation in a integrated haemodynamic system. The model simulations show that the three pathways which are generally thought to be independent (pressure, CO₂ and activation) greatly influence each other, it is vital to consider parallel changes of unmeasured variability when performing a single pathway study. The second study shows how simultaneously measured blood gas concentration fluctuations can improve the accuracy of an existing frequency domain technique for recovering cerebral autoregulation dynamics from spontaneous fluctuations in blood pressure and cerebral blood flow velocity. The third study shows how the continuous wavelet transform can recover both time and frequency information about dynamic autoregulation, including the contribution of blood gas concentration. The fourth study shows how the discrete wavelet transform can be used to investigate frequency-dependent coupling between cerebral and systemic cardiovascular dynamics. The final study then uses these techniques to investigate the systemic effects on resting BOLD variability. The general approach taken in this thesis is a combined analysis of both modelling and data analysis. Physiologically-based models encapsulate hypotheses about features of CBF regulation, particularly those features that may be difficult to recover using existing analysis methods, and thus provide the motivation for developing both new analysis methods and criteria to evaluate these methods. On the other hand, the statistical features extracted directly from experimental data can be used to validate and improve the model.

Keywords: cerebral autoregulation. signal processing
Advisor: Payne, S
Yiannis, V
Breaking the rules: the emergence of the active female apostolate in early seventeenth-century France

French religious life in the mid-seventeenth century was conspicuous for its revolutionary reversal of Tridentine prescriptions enforcing strict claustration upon women religious. In the process modes of female piety changed from contemplative to active within the development of a number of active female religious congregations dedicated to working beyond the cloister to provide key social and welfare services to communities. This study explains the genesis of this active female apostolate in the seventeenth century. It is a comparative examination of the first three of these orders, which spearheaded this development; the Order of the Visitation, the Daughters of the Cross and the Daughters of Charity.
The work initially examines the Visitandines, the first female religious order seriously to challenge Tridentine prescriptions on claustration. Although in the long run they failed in their attempt, this order served as an influential example and created powerful networks of people of influence and means who would go on to support future orders. The second order, the Daughters of the Cross, was the first to benefit from their 'mistakes' and networks. Although they developed on a small scale, the highly significant Paris-based community, unrestricted by claustration, dedicated itself to professional teaching services. The third and the biggest success story, the Daughters of Charity, drew on the experience of these two groups, and exploited networks of influence and finance. They circulated freely in the community and worked to provide community servies on a national and subsequently international scale.
My thesis is concerned with the interaction between founders, supporters, particular bishops and the women themselves and the acts of collusion which finally achieved this radical change. It aims to identify an initially tentative process which gained in the course of 50 years considerable momentum and radically transformed religious life for both women and for social Catholicism.

Advisor: Hufton, O