VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Emergent Inpatient Admissions and Delayed Hospital Discharges

Emergency Department (ED) congestion can be better understood by examining overall system impacts, in particular inpatient admissions and discharges. This study first investigates trends of inpatient admissions, volume of patients in the ED who have been admitted (ED “boarders”), length of stay, and bed resources of three major admitting services at our teaching institution. It was found that patients admitted to the General Internal Medicine (GIM) service constituted the majority of ED boarders by default rather than design, as GIM served as a safety net for specialty services. This study investigates operational factors that impact discharge and found that day of the week and holidays followed by team organization and scheduling are significant predictors of daily variation in discharge rates. Based on these results, next, a system dynamics computer simulation was built to test the impact of various discharge smoothing strategies on the number of ED boarders. Next, this study uses the framework and tools of system dynamics methodology to design a conceptual model of the ED boarder problem that may be used as a generalizable roadmap to create sustainable improvements in ED congestion. Finally, this study introduces a novel real time metric of hospital operational discharge efficiency- daily discharge rate – to bring focus on the underlying causes of discharge variation and help indicate opportunities for improvement.

Keywords: hospital discharge
system dynamics
Advisor: Sullivan, Pierre E.
Development and Implementation of Gene Ontology Cluster Analysis of Protein Array Data

Decoding the genomes from organisms that encompass all taxonomies provides the foundation for extensive, large scale studies of biological molecules such as RNA, protein and carbohydrates. The high-throughput studies facilitated by the existence of these genome sequences necessitate the development of new analytic methods for the interpretation of large sets of results. The work herein focuses on the development of a novel clustering method for the analysis of protein array results and examines its utilization in the analysis of integrated interaction data sets. Sets of proteins that interact with a molecule of interest were clustered according to their functional similarity. The simUI distance metric in the statistical analysis package BioConductor was applied to measure the similarity of two proteins utilizing the assembly of their Gene Ontology annotation. Clusters were identified by partitioning around medoids and interpreted using the summary label provided by the Gene Ontology annotation of the medoid. The utility of the method was tested on two published yeast protein array data sets and shown to allow interpretation of the data to yield novel biological hypotheses. We performed a protein array screen using the E3 ubiquitin ligase and PDZ domain-containing protein LNX1. We combined these results with other published LNX1 interactors to produce a set of 220 proteins that was clustered according to Gene Ontology annotation. From the clustering results, 14 proteins were selected for subsequent examination by co-immunoprecipitation, of which 8 proteins were confirmed as LNX1 interactors. Recognition of 6 proteins by specific LNX1 PDZ domains was confirmed by fusion protein pull-downs. This work supports the role of LNX1 as a signalling scaffold. The interpretation of protein array results using our novel clustering method facilitated the identification of candidate molecules for subsequent experimental analysis. Thus our analytical method facilitates identification of biologically relevant molecules within a large data set, making this method an essential component of complex, high-throughput experimentation.

Keywords: molecular biology
bioinformatics
protein array
cluster
Gene Ontology
partitioning around medoids
protein-protein interaction
cancer
LNX1
PDZ
Advisor: McGlade, Jane
Prostate Cancer Websites: One Size Does Not Fit All

A North American man has approximately a one in six chance of being diagnosed with prostate cancer in his lifetime. In most cases, there is no clearly optimal treatment, so he may be invited to participate in a treatment decision between several medically reasonable options, each with potential short- and long-term side effects. Information needs are high at diagnosis and can continue to be elevated for years or decades. Many men and their families seek information online, where, due partly to the array of websites available and high variation in information preferences, it can be difficult to find personally relevant and useful websites. This research sought to address this issue by developing methods to categorize prostate cancer websites and exploring quantitative and qualitative relationships between websites, information-seekers, and individuals’ assessments of websites. The research involved a series of three studies. In the first study, 29 men with prostate cancer participated in a needs assessment involving questionnaires, an interview, and interaction with a prototype website. In the second study, a detailed classification system was developed and applied to a set of forty websites selected to be representative of the variety of prostate cancer websites available. The third (online) study collected clinical, cognitive, and psychosocial details from 65 participants along with their ratings of websites from study two. A number of hypotheses were tested. One finding was that, compared to men with greater trust, men with lower trust in their physician tended to judge commercial websites as less relevant and useful, and found websites with descriptions of personal experiences more relevant and useful. Analyses also addressed a number of exploratory questions, including whether website and individual attributes might predict preferences for websites. Using discriminant analysis on 80% of the data, two functions were identified that predicted ratings significantly better than chance. These relationships were then validated with 20% of the data held back for testing. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for information tailoring and recommender systems for prostate cancer patients searching for information online. Limitations of the current research and recommendations for future research are also presented.

Keywords: prostate cancer
eHealth
information filtering
information tailoring
recommender system
patient education
Advisor: Chignell, Mark
Lamentations of a Lovelorn Soul: Self-portraits in the Poetry of Dahlia Ravikovitch

The poetry of Dahlia Ravikovitch presents as self-writing nestled in the wide embrace of non-linear écriture féminine. Each poem offers a glimpse of the persona: body and soul, the music of her voice and the perspective of her spirit. Together the poems comprise verbal self-portraits of a lovelorn soul, torn between impulses to fully remember and deliberately forget. Through years of love, life, disappointment, bouts of depression and renewed promise, Dahlia Ravikovitch continued to compose. Through the crystals of poetry the speaker examines, from varying angles and in multiple refractions of light, those figures of alterity who are her self. For Ravikovitch poetry was the only neutral space in which her self could comfortably exist and, even so, not always. The poet-persona experiences love in unsuitable proportions. She receives too little; she goes ‘overboard’ and ‘out of bounds’ in giving too much. She experiences love, even when accessible, as an affliction. She suffers love. She laments love. The persona performs her malaise through contrasting physical sensations, idiosyncrasies and profound cravings. Her personal thermostat is erratic. She exhibits pronounced wardrobe-predilections. Her throat reacts to a flow of eros and creative vitality or lack thereof. She yearns for pure memory and thirsts for pure essence. The speaker’s gallery displays an elaborate montage of a golden apple endowed with gifts of wisdom, eros, poetry and passion, alongside portraits of a royal chanteuse and a skilled scribe. Crucial brushstrokes illuminate lovers and sinners, souls in flames, shipwrecks, lyric-expressive throats in various states of constriction and release, as well as voices of collective responsibility. Ravikovitch encrypts her poetry with rich resources of biblical, rabbinic, medieval and early modern Hebrew literature. She forwards the linguistic and literary resonance of these layers. She innovates upon their motifs through feats in the dimensions of feminine writing, intertextual engagements and postmodern poetics.

Keywords: Dahlia Ravikovitch
Hebrew Poetry
Layers of Hebrew Language and Literature
Self-portraiture
Advisor: Fox, Harry
Un/Disciplined Performance: Nonprofessionalized Theatre in Canada's Professional Era

The discourse of Western theatre practice is founded on, and maintained as, a legitimizing struggle between the terms “professional” and “amateur.” This study moves beyond the traditional signifiers of Canadian amateur theatre—the Little Theatre Movement, the Dominion Drama Festival and connotations of “inferior” and “dilettantish”—to examine two nonprofessionalized companies that have witnessed the professionalization of Anglo-Canadian theatre in order to argue for the relevance and vitality of contemporary “nonprofessionalized” theatre practices. By drawing from Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory and Michel Foucault’s discourse theory and theories of formations of disciplines, this study argues that theatre professions seek to discipline, delegitimize and exclude nonprofessionalizing practices in order to gain capital (economic, social and cultural) at the expense of the creative freedoms inherent in nonprofessionalized work. It also considers the ways in which theatre scholarship omits critical discussion of amateur practice and how the term “amateur” is co-opted as a clouded pejorative signifier and erased by the contested term “community” within theatre discourse (institutions, practices and the Canadian imaginary). Following a case study approach based on archival documents, the study provides the foundation for a social history of Alumnae Theatre Company (1918- ), beginning with its early years as part of the University of Toronto’s University College Alumnae Association, by examining the relationship between amateur theatre practice and campus philanthropy, followed by Alumnae’s impact on Toronto’s professionalizing theatre scene in the context of alterity in Canadian theatre discourse. It then examines Walterdale Theatre Associates’ (1958- ) relationship to the emerging theatre profession before and after the opening of Edmonton’s Citadel Theatre in 1965 to argue that Walterdale benefits the profession and its professionalizing artists while negotiating complex concerns over institutionalization. Their longevity is explained, in part, by the fact that both companies operate “as if” professional, yet outside of professionalized disciplinary regimes.

Keywords: Canadian
theatre
Edmonton
Toronto
Bourdieu
Foucault
amateur
professional
drama
institutions
public policy
Canada
University College
University of Toronto
Walterdale
Alumnae Theatre
discourse analysis
cultural production
field theory
Actors' Equity
disciplines
historiography
Advisor: Barton, Bruce
Three Essays in Applied Microeconomics

In this thesis, I investigate economic and policy implications of individual choice decisions, including consumers’ choices among differentiated products and households’ decisions on intra-household resource allocations. In the first chapter, I develop a consumer demand model for US retail banking services in which consumers have preference over the geographical convenience of their banks’ networks. The purpose of the study is to identify consumers’ taste for branch network convenience in the US banking industry and to assess the effect of this demand motive on bank revenues, consumer surplus, and market structure. I show that consumers value the geographical convenience of their bank branch network to a large extent. Specifically, a branch that is one mile closer is equivalent to a branch with a 0.4 percent higher annual interest rate. Furthermore, consumers value proximity of the branch network to both their residence and workplace. The counterfactual experiment shows that banks with a larger number of branches enjoy greater network benefits in terms of revenue. Meanwhile, consumers benefit from the reduction in their expected travel distance by choosing depository institutions with large-scale networks. The second chapter examines how parents adjust bride-prices and land divisions to compensate their sons for differences in their schooling expenditures in rural China. The model is tested using data from a unique household interview survey carried out in Hebei Province. The main estimate implies that when a son receives one yuan less in schooling investment than his brother, he will obtain 0.7 yuan more in observable marital and post-marital transfers as partial compensation. This marginal compensation estimate is quantitatively larger than any comparable estimate using North American data, suggesting that the unitary model is a useful model of resource allocation for sons in traditional agricultural families. As a supplement to Chapter 2, Chapter 3 investigates matchmakers’ negotiation role in rural Chinese marriages and its impact on marital transfer from the parents to the children at the time of marriage. Using a unique household-level dataset collected in Hebei province, I find that a negotiator’s involvement can raise the total marital transfer by 20 percent, which supports my public goods story.

Keywords: Discrete choice
Spatial differentiation
Retail banking
Household model
Parental investment
Matchmaker
Advisor: Siow, Aloysius
Aguirregabiria, Victor
Brandt, Loren
The Role of Luteal Phase Fallopian Tube Epithelium in High-grade Ovarian Serous Carcinoma

Studies of prophylactic salpingectomy specimens from BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, at risk for tubal and ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (SerCa), have consistently revealed occult carcinomas and putative histological cancer precursors in the distal fallopian tube epithelium (FTE), supporting the FTE as the source of SerCa. In this thesis I molecularly characterized and compared non-malignant FTE from mutation carriers (FTEb) and control patients (FTEn) to identify alterations that may predispose to malignant transformation. Gene expression profiling of laser capture microdissected FTEn, FTEb and SerCa indicated that SerCa have similar molecular profiles whether of presumed ovarian or tubal origin, supporting the notion they share a common cell of origin within the FTE. Furthermore, FTEb samples obtained during the post-ovulatory luteal phase showed gene expression profiles closely resembling SerCa samples, suggesting that the luteal phase milieu may contribute to serous carcinogenesis. An initial hypothesis was that FTEb may respond differently to luteal progesterone compared to FTEn, via differential expression of progesterone receptor (PR) isoforms. However, similar relative isoform expression in FTEn and FTEb samples suggested that a luteal phase-associated factor other than progesterone directs gene expression changes in FTEb. The possibility that FTEb respond differently to ovulation-associated inflammatory cytokines that are locally elevated during the luteal phase was next investigated. Importantly, FTEb specimens previously found to cluster with SerCa based on their global gene expression profiles showed evidence of increased nuclear factor-κB (NFκB)-dependent (pro-inflammatory) signalling and diminished glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-dependent (anti-inflammatory) signalling. Furthermore, I demonstrate that disabled homolog 2 (DAB2), an adaptor molecule decreased in SerCa and FTE luteal samples, enhances both GR-mediated transactivation and suppression of NFκB signalling, implicating DAB2 as a crucial determinant of inflammatory signalling and ovarian cancer risk. Altogether, this thesis identifies gene expression changes in FTE from BRCA mutation carriers during the post-ovulatory luteal phase that parallel those detected in SerCa. The data support a proposed novel testable model for predisposing events contributing to SerCa that centres on an altered ability to quickly resolve the pro-inflammatory environment created by the ovulatory event.

Keywords: ovarian cancer
fallopian tube
serous
glucocorticoid
inflammation
BRCA1
DAB2
progesterone
luteal
gene expression profiling
Advisor: Shaw, Patricia
Brown, Theodore
For the First Time - A Phenomenology of Virginity

I argue that virginity is a distinct phenomenon with essential structures that can be apprehended and described using a phenomenological method, and thus offer the first robust phenomenology of virginity. A more complex passage than the physical transaction of first sexual intercourse, virginity manifests the event of a coming to love through the conduit of the sexual-erotic body. Calling on Jean-Luc Marion’s phenomenology of givenness, I argue that virginity qualifies as a saturated phenomenon, exceeding or overflowing intuition and signification in its paradoxical phenomenality. As a study in saturated phenomena my work pushes the limits of phenomenology by endorsing the exigency of a phenomenology of the evanescent and enigmatic to engage denigrated domains of human experience such as sex and love. Our access to virginity is possible because of our ontological constitution as sexuate beings, but also because of our essential potential to cultivate our sexuate existence through the lens of a primordial erotic attunement. Conscious development of our erotic potential is a form of ascesis that can elevate the sexual-erotic encounter to the ethical height of love. Still, virginity can never be forced, taken, or lost, since the phenomenon is ultimately only gifted through an act of erotic generosity and the intervention of grace. Virginity is not a one-time threshold crossing. It has the essential possibility of being perpetually renewed with each singular sexual-erotic encounter. I seek to sever sex from its legacy as mere animal instinct and from its functional and reproductive teleology in order to open a new way of thinking about our sexual-erotic being that focuses on its ethical potential and its usefulness as a model for being with others outside of the sexual-erotic relation. I take seriously the Irigarayan possibility that we can craft an ethics of Eros. My work draws broadly from twentieth-century literature on phenomenology, poststructuralism, and psychoanalysis, including that of Marion, Beauvoir, Irigaray, Derrida, Heidegger, Foucault, and Butler.

Keywords: virginity
phenomenology
feminism
eros
Advisor: Kingwell, Mark
Elite Entrepreneurs from the Former Soviet Union: How They Made Their Millions

One of the most interesting results of the collapse of the former Soviet Union is the emergence of successful cosmopolitan entrepreneurs from former Soviet republics who have immigrated to countries, such as the United States and Canada, and settled in metropolitan areas like Toronto and have made millions establishing businesses in their new host countries. I have chosen to study successful cosmopolitan entrepreneurs from the former Soviet Union because this group has immigrated from a place where the free market economy and privatization did not exist prior to the 1980s, so the important intellectual issue, is how did immigrants who grew up most of their lives in a state-controlled communist system where entrepreneurship was forbidden learn to become so adept at starting businesses in a market economy when they moved to Toronto. One of the central questions that this dissertation aims to address is: How did experiences in the former Soviet communist economy and in the transitional economy affect the role that human capital, financial capital, and social capital played in establishing businesses in Toronto. This study is based on thirty two interviews that I have conducted with two cohorts of immigrants from the former Soviet Union, those who immigrated to Toronto in the late 1970s and early 1980s and those that immigrated in the late 1980s and 1990s. To address how Russian immigrants established businesses in Toronto, I used three bodies of literature, including (1) transitional economy, (2) ethnic and class dimensions of entrepreneurship, and (3) transnationalism to examine how each of the following factors: 1) social capital, 2) financial capital, 3) human capital, and 4) home country experience, specifically experience in the former Soviet communist economy and experience in the transitional economy affected the Russian entrepreneur at each stage of business development in Toronto.

Keywords: Entrepreneurship
Immigration
Ethnicity
Transitional economy
Transnationalism
Human capital
Social capital
Cultural capital
Class
Russia
Business
Soviet Union
Financial capital
Toronto
Russian entrepreneurs
Advisor: Fong, Eric
Salaff, Janet
Landolt, Patricia
Scalar and Vector Coherent State Representations of Compact and Non-compact Symplectic Groups

When solving problems involving quantum mechanical systems, it is frequently desirable to find the matrix elements of a unitary representation T of a real algebraic Lie group G. This requires defining an inner product on the Hilbert space [special characters omitted] that carries the representation T. In the case where the representation is determined by a representation of a subgroup containing the lowest weight vector of T, this can be achieved through the coherent state construction. In both the scalar and vector coherent state methods, the process of finding the overlaps can be simplified by introducing the coherent state triplet ([special characters omitted]) of Bargmann spaces. Coherent state wave functions – the elements of [special characters omitted] and of [special characters omitted] – are used to define the inner product on [special characters omitted] in a way that simplifies the calculation of the overlaps. This inner product and the group action Γ of G on [special characters omitted] are used to formulate expressions for the matrix elements of T with coefficients from the given subrepresentation. The process of finding an explicit expression for Γ relies on matrix factorizations in the complexification of G even though the representation T does not extend to the complexification. It will be shown that these factorizations are, in fact, justified, that the overlaps and Γ action can be expressed in terms of the given subrepresentation, and that it is possible to find numerical values for the inner product in [special characters omitted]. The scalar and vector coherent state methods will both be applied to Sp(n) and Sp(n, [special characters omitted]).

Keywords: Lie algebra
Lie group
representation
symplectic
coherent state
Advisor: Repka, Joseph