VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Judgments of body size based on meal size: understanding the role of dietary restraint

In four studies, I explored the role of dietary restraint in judgments of body size based on meal size. In Study 1, restrained and unrestrained eaters watched a video of a woman eating either a small meal or a large meal. Participants were then asked to select which of two photographs of women (a heavier one or a thinner one) was the person whom they had just seen in the video. Restrained eaters in the small-meal condition were much more likely to choose the thinner target; unrestrained eaters we unaffected by the meal-size manipulation in their selection of the target photograph. These findings are consistent with previous work (Vartanian, 2000) demonstrating that restrained eaters (but not unrestrained eaters) judge women who eat smaller meals as being thinner and weighing less than women who eat larger meals. The next three studies were designed to explore certain specific differences between restrained and unrestrained eaters that could help to explain the observed differences in body-size judgments. Studies 2 and 3 focused on restraint differences in inhibitory-control functioning. In both studies, participants completed a garden-path-sentence task, which assessed implicit recall of task-relevant and task-irrelevant information. If inhibitory control is functioning optimally, individuals should recall only task-relevant information. In Study 2, unrestrained eaters recalled only task-relevant information, whereas restrained eaters tended to recall both task-relevant and task-irrelevant information, suggesting that they are less capable of suppressing or deleting irrelevant information. In Study 3, the instructions were modified slightly to guard against potential group differences in attention due to restrained eaters' perfectionistic tendencies. The pattern of results was directly opposite to that found in Study 2. Study 4 focused on group differences in personal beliefs about the connection between food intake and body weight/size. Restrained eaters were more likely to believe that the amount of food that one eats is predictive of one's body weight, whereas unrestrained eaters were more likely to believe that one's weight is fixed and genetically determined. The discussion focuses on the importance of these personal beliefs in social judgments, as well as in other areas such as one's own personal behavior.
Attributions of adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) for their problem behaviours and their disorder

This study investigated the behaviours and characteristics that adolescents with and without ADHD view as problematic for themselves and the attributions they make for their self-identified most problematic behaviour on dimensions of controllability, pervasiveness, stigmatization, and locus of causality. The attributions of adolescents with ADHD for their most problematic behaviour were also compared to their attributions for ADHD as a disorder. Participants included 17 male adolescents with ADHD and 17 age-matched male adolescents without behavioural or academic difficulties, aged 13 to 17 years. Adolescents with ADHD reported having more problem behaviours, mainly symptoms of inattention and academic difficulties, than adolescents without ADHD. Adolescents with ADHD viewed their problematic behaviour as more stigmatizing, particularly to teachers and peers, than adolescents without ADHD. Adolescents with ADHD perceived their most problematic behaviour as more stigmatizing to their parents than their disorder. Implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed.
Building inclusive communities: the Meals on Wheels program at St. Christopher House

This thesis is concerned with the creation of inclusive communities from the point of view of interpersonal relations in contexts of social diversity. The inclusive community is understood in this thesis as a form of social organization that brings together diverse individuals and enables them to meaningfully engage each other in interaction. The thesis illustrates the process of creation of inclusive communities through the analysis of the Meals on Wheels program at St. Christopher House in Toronto, a volunteer-based program that delivers meals to individuals who cannot look after their own nutrition. Based on this case the thesis shows that there is a significant world of social interactions beyond the practice of meal delivery that result in the form of an inclusive community. The thesis concludes by drawing lessons from the case study regarding the process of building inclusive communities as well as their role in creating social change. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by addressing your request to ProQuest, 789 E. Eisenhower Parkway, P.O. Box 1346, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346. Telephone 1-800-521-3042; email: disspub@umi.com
The liberal ideal of political obligations: the Lockean voluntarist vs. Kant's non-voluntarist ideal of political obligations

Which ideal of political obligations is best suited for a liberal theory of justice? Liberal thinkers traditionally follow Locke, arguing that voluntarism is the ideal. In part the thought is that the only alternative to voluntarism, typically attributed to Hobbes and Kant, is absolutism, which has the illiberal conclusion that 'might becomes right'. Contrary to the received view, I argue that Kant offers a liberal ideal of political obligations that is non-consensual, yet nonabsolutist. Additionally, by means of an investigation of Lockean theories of justice, I argue that we have good reason to think that the liberal ideal cannot be voluntarist in nature. Justifying Kant's account involves showing both that individual freedom requires a legal framework and that the non-consensual conception of political obligations does not amount to an absolutist conception of political legitimacy. To the first end, I argue that the rightfulness of assurance and acquisition of property depends on the existence of a public authority. To the second end, I argue that Kant's non-voluntarist position is not absolutist because political obligations depend on the nature of the obligating institutions. Moreover, we see that contrary to the predominant view, Kant's non-consensual and yet non-absolutist position identifies issues of economic justice as lying at the heart of the issue of political obligations. Lockean voluntarism considers the state a mere remedy to the inconveniences of the state of nature. The state of nature is not necessarily a state of wrongdoing, since individuals acting within their natural rights can realise justice. The state's right to exercise individuals' natural rights on their behalf must therefore be explained through individuals' consent to its authority. In this way, individuals' rights set the rightful limits on state coercion. I challenge Lockean voluntarism by investigating the theories of John Locke, Robert Nozick and A. John Simmons. I argue that individuals enforcing their suggested principles of property necessarily wrong each other according to Lockean principles of justice. I conclude that unless the problems identified can be solved, rightful interaction seems in principle impossible in the state of nature and voluntarism cannot be the liberal ideal of political obligations.
Control of Tlx2 transcription in neural crest derivatives by a BMP-regulated enhancer

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) superfamily of cytokines that play critical roles during mouse embryogenesis. Tlx2 is a Hox gene that is a downstream target of BMP signaling that is expressed during development in neural derivatives of the neural crest. To investigate the mechanisms that regulate Tlx2 expression during embryogenesis, I evaluated a BMP-responsive element (BRE) in the 5' region of the Tlx2 gene that is comprised of Smad-binding elements (SBs) flanking an intervening sequence (I-SB) that contains homeodomain consensus-binding sites. I demonstrate that the BRE cooperates with a previously described neuroblastoma specific enhancer (NSE) to regulate BMP-responsiveness in neural precursor cell lines, and I identify three key ATTA sites (A3) within the I-SB that are required for BMP-responsiveness. Furthermore, I demonstrate that in transgenic mouse lines the NSE-BRE recapitulates the expression pattern of the endogenous gene in the sympathetic trunk ganglia and cranio-facial ganglia, and that this expression is dependent on one of the A3 sites. I was not able to identify the I-SB binding proteins from neuroblastoma cell line extracts; I successfully fractionated endogenous proteins exhibiting the target binding activity using non-affinity chromatography. Taken together, my studies define how cell type specific expression of Tlx2 is achieved by a composite BRE comprised of Smad-binding sites and homeodomain consensus binding sequences that direct Tlx2 expression to neural derivatives of the neural crest.
Modelling the dynamics of white and red pine coarse woody debris in central Ontario

Although forest management practices have been widely found to have negative effects on coarse woody debris (CWD), the long-term dynamics of these resources under partial harvesting systems in Ontario are poorly understood. I developed stage-based models of pine (Pinus strobus and P. resinosa) snag and downed woody debris decomposition over time. Using these decomposition models, a stand growth simulator, and data on the immediate impacts of harvesting and fire on CWD, I projected CWD accumulations in undisturbed pine stands, those subjected to periodic surface fires, and those managed under the uniform shelterwood silvicultural system. The modelled abundances of several types of CWD, particularly snags, were reduced at some or all points of the shelterwood harvest cycle relative to the other two scenarios. These simulation results suggest that additional management guidelines may be needed if adequate levels of specific CWD resources are to be continuously maintained in Ontario's shelterwood-managed pine forests.
Identification of a null mutation in a trace amine receptor gene and nine novel G-protein-coupled receptor genes

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important mediators of signal transduction and targets for pharmacological therapeutics. The identification and analysis of orphan GPCRs (oGPCRs) has led to the discovery of entirely novel receptor-ligand systems. In addition, the characterization of polymorphisms in GPCR-encoding genes has led to the discovery of the molecular mechanisms behind various diseases. This thesis reports the identification of nine novel genes encoding oGPCRs, named GPR101, GPR102, GPR133, GPR134, GPR135, GPR136, GPR137, GPR138 and GPR139. In the process of searching for novel genes, a null allelic variant of a putative trace amine receptor gene (TA3-TR) was discovered, and further investigated by genotyping two different disease populations (ADHD and bipolar disorder) and a control group. No statistically significant association between the receptor gene mutant and the disease groups was found. Interestingly, however, this truncation mutant is present in the population at a relatively high frequency.
Pilot testing a causal model that includes clusters of parent, child, teacher, and classroon variables, to explore the mechanisms underlying class size effects

The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanisms underlying the effects of class size at the kindergarten level. The study began with the development of a systems-based, causal model that included clusters of parent, child, teacher, and classroom variables derived from the literature. Multiple Regressions were then used to test the 'fit' between the data collected for the study and the causal model. Data were provided by 9 kindergarten teachers from 16 classrooms in southern Ontario, 117 of their students (53.8% females), and their parents. Instruments used to collect data included teacher and parent questionnaires, the Early Childhood Environmental Rating Scale-Revised (Harms, Clifford, Cryer, 1998), Form L M of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (Dunn Dunn, 1981), and the transcribed responses to the statement, "tell me about kindergarten from the time you arrive at school till the time you leave" (Pelletier, 1999). The results showed that there was a better fit between the data and the paths in the causal model flowing from the clusters of teacher and classroom variables as compared to the parent and child variables. Results also illustrated the pervasive nature of class size effects. Not only did class size explain some variance in a number of variables contained within the causal model as predicted, class size subsequently interacted with those same variables to modify other variables. This trajectory of interactions suggests that class size effects are cumulative. Moreover, class size effects were found to be modified by other variables in the model. Given the small sample size, findings from the study should be regarded as a preliminary test of the proposed model.

Keywords: Class size, Ontario
Children, Attitudes
Children, Ontario
Parents, Attitudes
Parents, Ontario
Kindergarten teachers, Attitudes
Kindergarten teachers, Ontario
Academic achievement, Ontario
Kindergarten, Ontario
De facto specificity: Some proposals for change

The de facto Specificity test has been the source of many disputes and controversies because it is fraught with ambiguities leading to agency discretion. This thesis will argue that further clarification is necessary by highlighting some of these ambiguities and the methodologies taking advantage of them. It first looks at the methodologies determining whether an enterprise or industry has received a disproportionately large amount of the subsidy and argues that future methodologies should include a comparison to an external benchmark. Second, it discusses the lack of weight given to the contextual factors of the extent of diversification of economic activities and the length of time the program has been in use and argues that further weight should be given. Finally, it looks at the lack of definition given to "enterprise", "industry" and "group of enterprises or industries" and suggests that classification systems be used to provide standards.

Keywords: Subsidies, Law and legislation
Foreign trade regulation
Free trade
Canopy and understorey insect communities of sugar maple and white pine forests of the south-central Great Lakes-St. Lawrence region

Canopy arthropods of eastern temperate forests in Canada are poorly known. Differences in abundance, diversity, and richness of selected taxonomic groups were compared between the canopy and the understorey for two dominant forest types in the region: white pine (Pinus strobus) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum). A bow-and-arrow technique was used to place flight-interception traps in the canopy at 18 sites, with paired understorey traps placed directly below for comparison. The greatest amount of variation in arthropod communities was explained by the position of the trap's collecting bottle (upper or lower). Community composition of selected taxa (102 taxonomic groups, hymenopteran families, mymarid genera, and cerambycid species) differed between heights and forest types. Measures of richness also varied according to height and tree species; combined sampling showed higher asymptotic richness than sampling at only one height or in one forest type, emphasizing the need to include different forest types and strata for biodiversity monitoring.
Teaching the neighbours' kids

This phenomenological study examines the lived experience of teaching the children in ones own community. The teachers explore the question, "What is the experience of teaching students who are your relatives, friends and neighbours' children. The stories of six teachers and my own story, provide a sense of the challenges and requirements of teaching the children in ones own community in a rural setting where interacting with students and their families is inevitable. The data in this study includes taped interviews where co-participants share their personal experiences and reflect how they came to teach in their own community and the challenges and rewards they experience in their careers. Findings indicate that the challenges include an adaptation of personal life that can be restrictive but the rewards for providing students with role models and supports in the community are considerable.
Visiting pasts: ethics, contested histories, and representations of female delinquency in Ontario

In this thesis project, I examine representations of female youth ‘delinquency’ during the post-Second World War period in Ontario (1945–1960). By examining particular cultural forms and practices in the print media and the law, my aims are two-fold: First, following the work of Sangster (2002), I seek to expose how representations of female youth delinquency were part of an organized symbolic culture that mediated social relations between young women and the legal system, particularly the Ontario Training School for Girls in Galt (OTSG-Galt). Second, drawing substantially upon the work of Hannah Arendt, I raise ethical questions about the ways in which female subjects are constituted through various representational forms, as well as highlight the need for a different kind of account of the female subject; one which leads to a critical consciousness of the law as well as to new forms of self/other relations.

Keywords: Female juvenile delinquents, Ontario
Juvenile justice, Administration of, Ontario
Juvenile delinquency, Sex differences
Juvenile delinquency, Ontario
Social control
Living as a chameleon: a feminist analysis of young women's lived experience of anger

This feminist qualitative research project explored young women's lived experience of anger. Through eight focus groups and nine one-to-one interviews involving 65 diverse young women between the ages of 14--24, several key insights have been gleaned. Continued experiences of denied rights, denied agency and a denial of the freedom to verbalize these experiences eventually led to the self-silencing of the experience of this emotion. This same self-silencing eventually led the participants to a disconnection from their anger. The pervasiveness of oppression in young women's overall lived experience of anger is clearly associated with gender role expectations including taking responsibility for relationships and defining oneself in relational terms. These gender role prescriptions stem from a patriarchal culture that fears women's power and strength. Anger has been found to be associated with both defining and diverting the self, leading many young women to live as an ultra-adaptive chameleon in order to maintain relationships. Because anger is an emotion of authentic self-knowing, I will argue that to be disconnected from anger has serious mental health implications, not the least of which is denied authenticity. Recommendations for nurses and other girl-serving professionals included re-framing anger away from the negative, rooting anger in the political, embracing a child rights lens through which to understand young women's lived experience of anger, and valuing feminist consciousness-raising as an intervention to counter damaging gender-role prescriptions that silence young women's voices and contribute to a disconnection from their anger and ultimately from themselves.
Circuit techniques for high-speed serial and backplane signaling

Second, this thesis proposes a new adaptation technique for a 4-PAM decision-feedback equalizer (DFE). The DFE adapts to the channel impulse response by observing an intermittent calibration sequence sent across the channel. Uninterrupted signaling is maintained across a parallel bus by providing an additional channel and using multiplexers to reroute the signals of the channel being calibrated. Using the intermittent calibration sequence, instead of the conventional LMS adaptation technique, removes the need to generate an error signal, eliminating the associated analog blocks. Also presented is a novel method of using the DFE adaptation circuits to extract the system's pulse response. The complete transceiver is implemented in a 0.18 mum CMOS process. This thesis describes three contributions towards the design and modeling of high-speed serial and backplane signaling systems. Specifically, these contributions address the issues of fitter and intersymbol interference in clock and data recovery circuits. First, this thesis proposes the modeling of jitter in clock and data recovery (CDR) systems using an event-driven model that accurately includes the effects of power-supply noise, the finite bandwidth in the phase-detector's front-end sampler, and ISI in the system's channel. These continuous-time jitter sources are captured in the model through their discrete-time influence on sample based phase-detectors. Modeling parameters for these disturbances are directly extracted from the circuit implementation. The jitter predicted by the event-driven model, implemented in Simulink, is within 12% of that predicted by an Hspice simulation, but with a simulation speed that is 1800 times higher. Finally, a hybrid CDR is proposed that increases the jitter tolerance of a phase-tracking CDR by a factor of 32 at frequencies below its loop filter's bandwidth, while maintaining the high-frequency jitter tolerance of a 5x blind-oversampling CDR. Measured data from a 0.11 um CMOS testchip at 2.4Gb/s confirm a 200UI peak-to-peak jitter tolerance for a 200kHz jitter. The testchip is operational from 1.9Gb/s to 3.5Gb/s and consumes 115mW at 2.4Gb/s.
Supporting elementary teachers with professional development to integrate technology into their teaching practice

This study ambitiously foregrounds for Ontario school districts key elements that need to be embedded in a professional development plan in order for classroom teachers to successfully integrate technology into their classroom curriculum. The research conducted followed the case study and action research models based on my direct relationships with four teachers and their experiences in receiving professional development support in order to integrate technology into their classroom curriculum. My role in providing professional development varied in format and degree but was consistently based on the individual needs of the teacher. The individual case studies narrate each teacher's journey of professional development over the course of an academic year based on data gathered through interviews, surveys, observational field notes, and a quantified empirical rubric. Data pertaining to the professional development initiatives undertaken by several Ontario school districts is also presented. Hence, this study brings to the foreground key factors to consider when planning professional development opportunities for teachers.

Keywords: Computer-assisted instruction
Elementary school teachers, In-service training
Teaching, Aids and devices
Educational technology