VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Disciplining a working subject: an examination of English curriculum at two Canadian community colleges

This study examines English curricula in two different community colleges, one in Ontario and the other in Alberta during two key periods in Canadian colleges' history: first, 1967–1972, when Canadian community colleges were initially established and then 1988–1994, when colleges confronted the task of restructuring in light of globalization and governments' neo-liberal economic policies. Drawing on post-Fordist and critical theory, primarily that of Michel Foucault's notion of “govern mentality,” the study shows that the Canadian colleges and the forms of English practiced therein were conceived as moral technologies designed to manage the massive influx of baby boom teenagers and growing numbers of unemployed workers that governments confronted in the 1960s. The study develops the notion of “education in/difference” to conceptualize the politics of literary that govern the relationships between colleges, universities and governments. The study examines in detail the class roots of these debates and how they became imbricated into Canadian college English curriculum at these two institutions especially in relation to the reading and writing practices have been articulated in colleges (in)difference to universities. Both colleges' curriculum show that college Englishes are often conflicted subjects torn between imparting cultural and vocational literacies. Moreover, the shift to post-Fordist economies holds some crucial challenges to English education in Canadian community colleges, partly because the meaning of “general education” has bifurcated into generic skills and general education. Despite the major changes in post-secondary education during the last decade, the study argues that the ideology of education in/difference remains intact, posing challenges to college English educators.

Keywords: Language arts (Higher), Canada
English language, Study and teaching (Higher)
English language, Canada
English literature, Study and teaching (Higher)
English literature, Canada
Community colleges, Curricula
Community colleges, Canada
Fame as property: unauthorized use of celebrity name and image in Canada and Australia

Given the ubiquity of celebrity endorsements, fame indubitably has inherent commercial value. In Australia and Canada, this value is regarded as the exclusive property of the celebrity: deriving commercial benefit from another's notoriety is 'reaping without sowing', a misappropriation that is actionable per se. This paper argues that a property right of this scope cannot be justified. Its existence finds little support in theory, either as labour-based entitlement or as economic incentive for success. Even accepting such property exists, not every commercial use of celebrity should constitute an actionable infringement. No form of property, real or intangible, prohibits all 'free-riding': an owner can prevent only those uses that would interfere with her enjoyment, or render the property worthless. Moreover, celebrities' commercial interests must be balanced against their role in facilitating expression. Properly analyzed, celebrity property should extend only to preventing uses that suggest their endorsement of a product.

Keywords: Celebrities, Canada
Celebrities, Australia
Fame
Intellectual property, Canada
Intellectual property, Australia
Knowledge networks and policy paradigms: Czechoslovak monetary policymaking, 1918-1992

What determines monetary policy outcomes? In today's globalizing world economy, the answer often seems to lie outside of a state's hands. External forces, be they global capital flows, institutional investors, or international institutions, favour monetary orthodoxy and therefore, the argument goes, most states must converge on this paradigm or risk the wrath of global economic forces. To be sure, the incentives to converge are tremendous, especially given the potential welfare benefits of economic integration. But the fact remains that monetary outcomes, even among small and similar states such as those of post-Communist Central Europe, do not always converge. This dissertation argues that the crucial variable driving long-term policy outcomes still lies at the domestic level, in particular within the realm of institutional authority. Authority, it is here argued, rests on twin pillars of capability and legitimacy. Capability can sometimes be constructed, and institutional design remains a key element in that construction. Equally important to the project however, is institutional legitimacy and that, it is argued, is much more difficult to manufacture, because it is historically conditioned. Czechoslovak inflation rates in the aftermath of the Cold War were markedly lower than those of its neighbours, Poland and Hungary, despite the fact that all three were subject to the same external pressures and constructed nominally similar institutional frameworks to carry out monetary policy. Czechoslovak orthodoxy, although apparently moving in conformity with prevailing international monetary standards, was in fact the product of a long and deeply embedded policy paradigm, which had its origins in Imperial Bohemia. The orthodox paradigm was supported by an institutional framework which, over time, enhanced its capability and legitimacy, and was not discredited or destroyed by the many political and economic upheavals experienced in Czechoslovakia in the seventy-five year period after World War I. The domestic roots of this policy paradigm, it is argued, account for the establishment of a truly independent central bank and a truly credible and durable orthodox monetary policy in the aftermath of the Cold War.
Ontogeny and evolution of Lambeosaurine dinosaurs (Ornithischia: Hadrosauridae)

Lambeosaurinae is a Glade of hadrosaurid dinosaurs characterized by hypertrophied nasal passages housed within distinctive cranial crests. Large sample sizes, taxonomic diversity, and increasing resolution of their chronostratigraphic and paleoecological contexts make the group an ideal model Glade with which to test hypotheses related to Late Cretaceous dinosaur evolution. Anatomy and variation in the poorly known taxa Lambeosaurus magnicristalus and Hypacrosaurus altispinus are described in detail and both taxa are systematically revised. A complete digital endocranial cast derived from H. altispinus braincase reveals that the cerebral hemispheres are large and that the auditory system of lambeosaurines closely resembles those of other hadrosauroids. An abundance of juvenile specimens make lambeosaurines ideal subjects for comparative studies of growth and variation. The precise taxonomic identification of crestless juvenile specimens has proven difficult in the Dinosaur Park Formation (Campanian) of Alberta, Canada, where six closely related taxa are known. Discrete cranial characters are identified to distinguish lambeosaurine genera at early ontogenetic stages. Cranial ontogeny is compared among lambeosaurines with morphometric and qualitative approaches. Analyses of allometry confirm the general trends observed for Lambeosaurus and Corythosaurus in a larger subset of taxa that includes Hypacrosaurus. The first species-level phylogenetic analysis of Lambeosaurinae recovers completely resolved relationships within the Parasauolophini and Corythosaurim, and corroborates monophyly of the genera Lambeosaurus, Hypacrosaurus, and Parasaurolophus. The time-calibrated phylogeny and distribution of autapomoiphies allows for first order assessment of anagenesis in the clade. Previous hypotheses of anagenetic ancestor-descendant relationships can be rejected, although data does not reject the possibility that the biostratigraphic successions of Corythosaurus and Lambeosaurus species in the well-sampled Dinosaur Park Formation represent phyletic evolution within two independent, co-occuring dinosaur lineages. Hypotheses of sexual dimorphism in the cranial crests of Corythosaurus and Lambeosaurus are tested within a high-resolution biostratigraphic framework. Biostratigraphic succession of cranial morphotypes in both taxa is inconsistent with previously proposed sexual dimorphism, and, instead, indicates that the formation hosts a taxonomically diverse assemblage of lambeosaurines.
Validation of magnetic resonance imaging of ultrasound fields

Ultrasonic imaging is commonly used in medical diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The ability of ultrasound to achieve these tasks is determined by the acoustic field generated within the target object necessitating an understanding of the interaction of ultrasound with tissue. The purpose of this thesis is to validate the MR pressure measurements against conventional hydrophone measurements of ultrasonic pressure. Good agreement was found between the MR and hydrophone values. The verification of the quantitative nature of the MR technique enables its use in investigations of other ultrasound phenomena. A novel magnetic resonance (MR) imaging method has recently been described that allows non-invasive, quantitative mapping of medical ultrasound fields in tissue. A strong magnetic field gradient resonant with the applied ultrasound frequency is required to detect the motions associated with the ultrasound. A direct measurement of absolute pressure of the ultrasound wave can theoretically be obtained from the measured displacements.
Which one does not belong? Perceptual biases and evaluative reasoning in the development of racial attitudes

The development of racial bias in children has been studied for over a century; two main theoretical approaches have emerged. Psychologically oriented theorists use perceptual processes to explain why race is an important category to young children. Evolutionary theorists, on the other hand, argue that perceptual processes cannot explain children's well-developed theory of race, or why in some cases, race is not important. Instead, evolutionary theorists turn to domain-specific processing mechanisms. Hirschfeld (1996) argued that such mechanisms are invoked in evaluative reasoning about human kinds and that they operate in a way that encourages a race focus. Furthermore, he suggested that evaluative reasoning about race is distinct from perceptual knowledge, in young children. In this study, the Category Salience and Evaluation Task (CSET) was designed to test competing predictions in light of these approaches regarding the development of racial attitudes in 3- to 6-year-olds. This task separates perceptual and evaluative judgements of race. Findings were that children focused on gender and age over race on the more perceptually driven portion of the CSET. However, when evaluative reasoning was induced by asking children to make good/bad judgments, children focused more heavily on race, supporting the idea that perceptual and evaluative modes of reasoning are distinct, and suggested that judgements about race are value-laden from an early age.
Computational study of variable area ejector rocket flowfields

Access to space has always been a scientific priority for countries which can afford the prohibitive costs associated with launch. However, the large scale exploitation of space by the business community will require the cost of placing payloads into orbit be dramatically reduced for space to become a truly profitable commodity. To this end, this work focuses on a next generation propulsive technology called the Rocket Based Combined Cycle (RBCC) engine in which rocket, ejector, ramjet, and scramjet cycles operate within the same engine environment. Using an in house numerical code solving the axisymmetric version of the Favre averaged Navier Stokes equations (including the Wilcox ko turbulence model with dilatational dissipation) a systematic study of various ejector designs within an RBCC engine is undertaken. It is shown that by using a central rocket placed along the axisymmetric axis in combination with an annular rocket placed along the outer wall of the ejector, one can obtain compression ratios of approximately 2.5 for the case where both the entrained air and rocket exhaust mass flows are equal. Further, it is shown that constricting the exit area, and the manner in which this constriction is performed, has a significant positive impact on the compression ratio. For a decrease in area of 25% a purely conical ejector can increase the compression ratio by an additional 23% compared to an equal length unconstricted ejector. The use of a more sharply angled conical section followed by a cylindrical section to maintain equivalent ejector lengths can further increase the compression ratio by 5--7% for a total increase of approximately 30%.
KT-1000 measurements of anterior knee laxity: An investigation of the reliability of these measures and their association with radiographic osteoarthritis of the knee

This Master's thesis investigated the relationship between anterior knee laxity and knee osteoarthritis (OA) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The KT-1000 measures knee laxity. It was necessary to first evaluate the reliability of this device. Fifty-three subjects were recruited. A test-retest study was conducted on 33 of the 53 subjects. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) characterized reliability. Data from the entire cohort (53 subjects) were used to address the primary research question. Logistic regression stratified by sex with knee OA (dependent variable) and knee laxity (predictor variable) was performed. Relevant covariates were considered. The highest ICCs were observed among the surgical knees at the 20 lb force. Among females, anterior knee tightness was associated with OA. Among males, waiting>7 months for surgery and lateral meniscus damage were associated with OA. Therefore, an association between knee laxity and OA was detected only among the females.
Experimental and theoretical investigation of micro- and nano-powder synthesis by spray pyrolysis and drying

The main objective of this thesis is to investigate the effect of operating conditions on the quality and characteristics of micro- and nano-powders produced by spray drying and pyrolysis. The main tasks performed in this thesis are as follows:Effect of different droplet size and velocity and solute concentration on the morphology of spray dried magnesium sulphate particles is investigated. Spray characteristics, such as droplet number density, droplet size and velocity distribution, and accompanying atomizing air are found to have major influence on the drying and morphology of the particles. In a different experiment, the thermal history of a suspended evaporative droplet in reduced pressures is studied. Using suspended droplets makes it possible to measure the variation of the droplet size and temperature during the process. A reactor capable of drying and pyrolyzing solution sprays at low pressures is designed and constructed. The effect of low pressure and temperature on the morphology, crystallinity, and decomposition behavior of powders produced by spray pyrolysis is investigated. It is found that zirconia and magnesium sulphate powders are spherical, whereas the sodium chloride powders are cubic. The experimental data and the calculations indicate that the evaporation rate, which is a function of pressure and temperature, controls the solute distribution within the droplet and as such determines the morphology of the powders. The decomposition and crystallinity of the powders is determined using XEDS and XRD analyses, respectively. The crystallinity and decomposition of the powders are weak functions of pressure and strong functions of temperature. A mathematical model for the evaporation of micro- and nano-sized solution droplets is developed. This model is used to predict whether the produced particles by spray drying and pyrolysis are fully filled or hollow. The model includes the non-continuum effects on the droplet evaporation. Correlations for the final particle size and its wall thickness in terms of reactor temperature and pressure and the initial solution concentration are developed. In addition, a second mathematical model is developed to predict the morphology of powders, prepared by spray pyrolysis of high velocity solution droplets. Using the solute mass fraction distribution, the model predicts whether the final particle is fully-filled or hollow with two cavities.
Mechanisms underlying hypothalamic proglucagon gene expression: Examination of the human proglucagon gene promoter in a newly established mouse hypothalamic cell line

I examined the transcriptional activity of reporter constructs containing human proglucagon 5' flanking sequences in the N20/2 cell line. Transient transfections revealed 829 bp of 5' flanking sequence were sufficient for expression in vitro whereas 602 bp were not. I then analyzed the endogenous N20/2 proglucagon mRNA levels after treatment with Forskolin/IBMX (F/I) or Epac-specific cAMP analogue (ESCA). F/I treatment increased mRNA levels as did ESCA; PKA inhibitor (H89) had no effect on F/I induction. Subsequently, I investigated reporter activity in transfected cells treated with F/I or ESCA. 332 bp of human proglucagon 5' flanking sequence were sufficient for responsiveness to F/I; H89 pretreatment completely blocked F/I induction while ESCA did not affect reporter activity. My studies delineate the existence of a hypothalamic upstream glucagon enhancer required for hypothalamic expression of the human proglucagon gene and I propose that human hypothalamic proglucagon expression is regulated via cAMP- and PKA-dependent mechanisms.
Numerical simulation for microfluidic devices and the development of an electrokinetically controlled DNA hybridization chip

Microfluidics may well be to the first half of the 21st century what microelectronics was to the latter half of the 20th century. The development of the integrated circuit allowed electrical devices to shrink from room-sized to pocket-sized, all the time increasing in speed and penetrating into nearly every aspect of our lives. Similarly, it is hoped that many of the large, expensive chemical and biological analyses currently being performed can be replaced by integrated microfluidic devices, often called labs-on-chip, resulting in a similar revolution. The scope of this thesis is best broken down into two parts. The first part will concentrate on the development of a theoretical and numerical framework for conducting microscale fluidic, thermal and biological simulation for electrokinetic processes and lab-on-chip devices. The analytical techniques and BLOCS (B barbelow;io-L barbelow;ab-O barbelow;n-a-C barbelow;hip S barbelow;imulation) numerical code developed as part of this effort are demonstrated through a series of examples ranging from enhanced species mixing to joule heating in polymeric microchips to DNA hybridization kinetics. The second part of the thesis concerns a microfluidics based and electrokinetically operated DNA hybridization chip. The chip development is detailed from the construction of a microfluidics/biochip test bench for chip operation, transport/thermal visualization and on-line hybridization detection, to the development of a rapid prototyping microfabrication facility through to the actual design, construction and operation of the device. The electrokinetic control of the chip and microfluidic implementation is shown to enable nanolitre scale samples to be dispensed to the hybridization array and allow for simultaneous hybridization, removal of non-specific adsorption and perform quantitative analysis all in less than 5 minutes.
Human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVCs): Verification of their provenance and immunocharacterization

Human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVCs) are a novel population of mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) which exhibit a higher proportion of colony forming unit-fibroblasts and faster doubling time than their bone marrow counterparts. The work herein describes the perivascular origin of HUCPVCs in the full term umbilical cord, using expression of various markers both in explanted cells and in situ cross sections of the cord. Bone marrow MPCs have been shown immunosuppressive in vitro, and as HUCPVCs share many characteristics with BM-MPCs, this capability was assayed in herein. This work demonstrates clear evidence of the immunoprivilege and immunomodulatory capabilities of HUCPVCs in both naive and effector immune responses, making them an applicable cell source for potential clinical applications in diseases such as graft versus host disease and autoimmune conditions. Thus, this easily derived, unique mesenchymal progenitor cell population has a perivascular origin, and is both immunoprivileged and immunomodulatory in vitro.
Taming the 'push me-pull you' of international trade regulation: balancing health protection and trade liberalization under the WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures

The central argument is that while the rationale underlying the SPS Agreement's science-based framework is questionable, the resulting rules are not only the most appropriate means available for dealing with the conflict, but provide countries with more flexibility than critics contend. However, if the WTO is to command legitimacy among the public, panels and the Appellate Body must adopt a more principled approach to disputes than they have to date. The importance of health protection requires recognition that measures 'necessary' to protect health will respond to more subtle situations than those presenting a clear and serious risk. They must accept that in many cases science is indeterminate and does not provide definitive answers as to the necessity of a health protection measure. Such cases require recognition of the validity of public opinion as a consideration in domestic risk analysis processes. Recommendations are made as to how panels and the Appellate Body should proceed in disputes under the SPS Agreement, and how governments can comply with their trade obligations while remaining responsive to public concerns. The Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement) allows Members to enact SPS measures necessary to protect health so long as they are based on scientific evidence, thus restricting their regulatory freedom in critical domestic policy areas concerning the health and life of humans, animals, and plants. This thesis asks whether the SPS Agreement allows for an appropriate balance between conflicting domestic health protection objectives and trade liberalization objectives. This question has attracted controversy among academics, policy-makers, and civil society and is particularly topical given public demands to be heard on decisions concerning regulation of new technologies, such as genetic engineering. This thesis establishes a normative basis upon which to balance health and trade objectives. This benchmark is used to critique the rationale for the SPS Agreement's science-based framework, and the panel and Appellate Body's interpretations of its provisions. Finally, the thesis explores the potential for international regulatory harmonization to reduce tension between health and trade objectives.

Keywords: Public health laws, International
Free trade