VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
The river of mist, cultural change in the Tsimshian past

This dissertation examines the archaeological data for the territory of the Tsimshian people of the Northwest Coast of North America. It focuses on the interior part of their territory within the watershed of the lower Skeena River. It presents data from surveys of the Exchamsiks and Gitnadoix River valleys and excavation data from the site of Psacelay (GbTh-4). These data have been combined with all previously identified sites from the study area to develop a six type classification scheme for archaeological sites. A two period, four phase chronology is proposed for this area dating from about 2000 BP to the early 20th century based on habitation sites. In addition, a new method for dating culturally modified trees is proposed. Excavations from Psacelay revealed a habitation site containing two large houses and associated features dating from the late pre-contact era up to the early contact period. The excavation data was analyzed using a research methodology based on household archaeology. The conclusions of this analysis were that the pre-contact Tsimshian were organized around socially and economically autonomous extended family households. The primary economic activities at Psacelay were subsistence food production during the summer and fall months. The most significant subsistence resources at Psacelay were berries, and there is evidence that these were produced for storage in large quantities. Spatial analysis of architecture, activity areas, and artifacts at Psacelay indicate that many elements of the ethnographic description of the Tsimshian, such as social stratification, were present prior to contact. However ethnographic descriptions of the Tsimshian seasonal round and interior settlement pattern seem to be conflations of three distinct phases. In particular, ethnographic descriptions do not account for the development of a regional settlement hierarchy in the post-contact era. Using documentary evidence and data from Tsimshian oral traditions, I argue that the settlement pattern changes in the post-contact era are evidence of increasing social complexity among the Tsimshian toward the development of an incipient paramount chiefdom.
The impact of pretrial publicity on jurors: Are there posttrial effects?

There is an apparent conflict which exists between the individual's right to a fair trial and the freedom, of the press. To ensure a fair trial, it is essential that jurors not hold any preexisting opinions that might have an impact on their ability to judge the evidence impartially. There is a concern that any prospective jurors who have been exposed to prejudicial publicity will approach the trial with an anti-defendant bias. This dissertation consists of four studies that investigate whether and under what circumstances pretrial publicity affects posttrial opinions and verdicts. A field experiment found that, as expected, individuals who had been exposed to a great deal of publicity surrounding a real-life case were more likely to assume that the defendant was guilty, but this effect disappeared after they had read a fictional account of the trial. Three laboratory experiments were designed to create realistic conditions within the constraints of mock jury situations. The first experiment found an effect for the type of information that participants were exposed to. Publicity that was not later refuted in the actual trial affected individual verdicts. The second experiment, using the same trial, demonstrated that extremely negative character information, as well as an apparent eyewitness identification of the defendant, led to increased ratings of guilt. However, there were ultimately no effects on final jury verdicts in either of these studies. The third laboratory study used a different trial and added a condition where a strong motive for the crime was described in the pretrial publicity. Despite predictions that providing a motive for the crime would be the most damaging, in this case, there was only a slight effect found for individuals who read extremely negative character information. Once again, there were no effects on final jury verdicts. Based on the findings from these four studies, we conclude that it is difficult to predict when, or even if, pretrial publicity will have an effect on posttrial opinions and verdicts. The fragility of pretrial publicity effects, and the implications for applied law and psychology research, is discussed.
A study of micro-blowing technique

A skin friction reduction method called the Micro-blowing Technique was used to study the reduction of profile drag on a symmetrical airfoil. A two-dimensional symmetrical airfoil, the UTIAS-MBT model, was designed and built at UTIAS to verify the reduction of the profile drag. The momentum deficit method, more commonly known as the wake traverse, was utilized to measure the profile drag of the model at zero angle of attack. When air was blown through the micro voids of the porous plate, the drag of the model was effectively reduced. Maximum profile drag reduction of approximately 6% was observed with the current blowing system. Further studies of the Micro-blowing technique are needed to fully investigate the profile drag reduction.
Evaluation of some fluorescent dyes and molecular tethers for a fibre optic DNA biosensor

This thesis reports studies of two fluorescent probes that could be used to detect DNA hybridization by a fibre optic nucleic acid biosensor that is being developed by our research group. The two dyes that were examined were propidium iodide and pyrylium iodide. When compared in solution to ethidium bromide (EB), pyrylium iodide showed the most promising attributes because of the longer wavelength of excitation (570 nm compared to 515 nm for EB) and a larger fluorescence increase (approximately 4000% higher than EB) upon intercalation into dsDNA. Different loading ratios of these dyes in dsDNA were investigated and compared to similar experiments which used EB. The optimum loading ratios of pyrylium iodide, propidium iodide, and EB in an AT 20mer was 1:1, 2:1, and 2:1, respectively. In addition, a new molecule, 10-[10-(4,4'-dimethoxytrityloxy)-decyloxy]-1-decanol (LCAT), was synthesized for use as a linker to covalently attach DNA to a surface, and as a tether to attach a fluorescent probe to DNA. Thin films of this linker were prepared using a reverse phosphoramidite method. 20mers composed of thymidylic acid icosanucleotides were successfully grown by automated DNA synthesis on this linker using standard phosphoramidite chemistry. LCAT-dT20 was characterized by anion exchange HPLC, negative ion electrospray mass spectrometry, ellipsometry, XPS, and fluorescence microscopy. This molecule was also successfully used a tether.
The Anglo-Saxon mind, metaphor and common sense psychology in Old English literature

The rich mental vocabulary of Old English plays a central role in the portrayal of mental and emotional processes in Anglo-Saxon literature. An understanding of how this vocabulary reflects the Anglo-Saxon concept of mind is the central concern of this thesis. Chapter One considers various approaches to the study of mental vocabulary. Most OE mental terms are polysemous and are used interchangeably, and are therefore difficult to distinguish semantically. Focusing on metaphors rather than on individual words may therefore be more fruitful. Chapter Two outlines the cognitive theory of metaphor which suggests that metaphor has a greater role in patterns of human conceptualization than previously realized. One function of metaphor is to provide epistemic access to otherwise elusive concepts, so that a concept such as mind is typically metaphorized in terms from the physical world. Chapter Three is a survey of the Anglo-Saxon metaphors of the mind. Physical attributes projected onto the mind such as spatial orientation, texture, size, etc. are considered together with specific metaphors such as 'mind as container' and 'mind as body'. The question of whether these metaphors reflect a distinctly Anglo-Saxon concept of mind is discussed. Chapter Four examines the particular place in Anglo-Saxon culture of the metaphors of fastening and foundation. The role of these metaphors in the expression of spiritual endeavour is considered in wisdom poetry, hagiography and monastic practice. Chapter Five considers the contribution of the cognitive approach to the study of the Anglo-Saxon mind, focusing on literary criticism, historical physiology, historical psychology and philology. Arguing that a more sophisticated approach to language is necessary if the Anglo-Saxons' worldview is to be reconstructed, the thesis concludes with theoretical considerations, and suggestions for further research.
Transverse tests for fibre-polymer adhesion evaluation

In pullout tests, it is shown that the AS4-epoxy system has an apparent interfacial shear strength of 51 ± 8 MPa, higher than the tensile strength of the polymer (49 ± 3 MPa), while SEM micrographs and transverse tensile tests clearly showed that the interface was weak. It was also shown that for fibres with a weakened interface (DC 20 coated AS1), the interfacial shear strength still had a high measured value. This indicates that traditional interface tests appear to be misleading and unnecessary. Transverse tests relate directly to essential composite properties and are all that is required to show the adequacy of interface bonding. Transverse stiffness increases when the amount of the stiff fibre present increases and it is not greatly affected by the adhesion between the fibre and the matrix. Transverse strength is a sensitive measure of the interface adhesion. When the fibre interface strength is lower than the matrix strength, the transverse strength of the composite is reduced accordingly. HMU-W was determined to have virtually zero interface strength, while both AS1, AS4 and glass have moderate adhesion. From the fracture profile analysis performed, the interface strength of AS4 with epoxy appears to be within the range of 20-30 MPa. The deHavilland composites appear to have very good interface adhesion (<math> <f> <g>s</g><inf>iu</inf>>=<g>s</g><inf>mu</inf></f> </math>) and also have better water resistance when compared to the laboratory fabricated composites. An improved version of the square fibre model was developed to evaluate the stress distribution of the composite under load. The stress concentration factor for the AS4 composites at different Vf, as well as the maximum local stress right before composite failure was evaluated. Water immersion softened or weakened the polymer phase of the composite, but direct effect of water on the interface was not clearly revealed from the experimental results and the SEM micrography.
Contextualizing maternal response to intrafamilial child sexual abuse, an exploratory study

This study was conducted to explore the responses of mothers whose children were sexually abused by the mother's intimate partner. The study examined the association between emotional and behavioral experiences of mothers, and their responses to their children's experiences of being sexually abused. Eight mothers of sexually abused children, constituting a theoretical sample, were interviewed using an in-depth interview guide to elicit how they responded affectively and instrumentally to their child's sexual abuse experience when the perpetrator was a parent, step-parent or in a parent-like role. A qualitative study utilizing grounded theory strategies and techniques was conducted to generate hypotheses from observations of a population of mothers who are not well understood. Research questions were developed from an extensive review of the literature, with input from experts in the field. Measures for establishing and ensuring trustworthiness were adhered to throughout the study. A computer automated method of qualitative data analysis, NUD*IST, was used for coding and theme development. Constant comparative analysis was employed to distinguish factors contributing to more and less supportive responses. The study revealed a number of factors that distinguished mothers who were fully supportive of their abused children from mothers whose support of their abused children was compromised. Issues concerning the contextualization of the mothers' experiences emerged as important factors for explaining variation in response. Compared with the mothers' individual characteristics, the contexts of the mothers' lives were more critical to understanding their responses. Specifically, the role of wife/partner abuse, the influence of cultural and religious/spiritual belief systems, and the impact of the mothers' own early life experiences, emerged as important factors that shaped the mothers' responses and ultimately affected the decisions they made. These factors have been largely ignored in previous formulations about the aftermath of child sexual abuse. The findings also suggest that the current service delivery systems marginalize and alienate mothers of sexually abused children. The treatment needs of mothers are viewed as secondary to the treatment needs of the child victim and the perpetrator. In addition, clinicians are influenced by theoretical frameworks in which factors contributing to less supportive maternal response are not clearly identified, and therefore not well understood. An integrated theoretical model is proposed for understanding factors contributing to maternal response. Included in the model are developmental and environmental factors that affect the child victim. Marginalization and alienation by service providers of mothers affected by intrafamilial child sexual abuse can be prevented when the mothers' responses to their children are understood within the context of their cultures and current and past relationships.
Enhancement of operational stability of glucose oxidase by immobilization on nylon

Glucose oxidase (ß-D-glucose: oxygen 1-oxidoreductase) catalyzes the oxidation of D-glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide. Glucose oxidase is inactivated by the substrate oxygen and by hydrogen peroxide produced during glucose oxidation. The soluble enzyme has been shown to inactivate quickly under turnover conditions, with half-lives of 21 and 14 h at oxygen partial pressures of 21 and 101 kPa, respectively. The overall objective of the current work was to improve the stability of glucose oxidase through immobilization. A technique for covalent immobilization of glucose oxidase (GO) and catalase (CAT) on membranes of nylon 66 was developed. The immobilization technique established in this work yielded a desirable uptake of glucose oxidase and ensured an excess of catalase activity (CAT:GO activity ratio of 17:1), required to minimize peroxide inactivation. Immobilization on nylon proved to enhance substantially the operational stability of glucose oxidase. The enzyme stability was measured by using the immobilized-enzyme membranes for the conversion of glucose in a repeated-fed batch process. Peroxide inactivation of glucose oxidase was effectively prevented by supplying readily available catalase in the reaction medium. Unlike soluble glucose oxidase, the immobilized enzyme did not undergo significant O 2-mediated inactivation. The immobilized glucose oxidase was essentially stable over an eight-day period at an oxygen partial pressure of 21 kPa. Under 100% oxygen, the immobilized enzyme had an estimated half-life of 150 h. Peroxide-mediated inactivation was observed when the immobilized catalase activity was insufficient, and consequently, the half-life of glucose oxidase decreased to 35 h.
From the margins to the center?, a case study of the integration of culturally diverse students' first language into the mainstream curriculum of an elementary school

This case study examines an attempt that was made in an inner-city elementary school in Toronto between 1989-1994 to integrate culturally diverse students, and thus improve their academic achievement. This attempt involved the implementation of an innovative English-as-Second Language (ESL) Project in which the emphasis was on the inclusion of 'first language' programs along with other kinds of 'integrating strategies'. My study explores the impact of these strategies on Portuguese-Canadian students, on their families, and on the school. This research was motivated by the fact that Portuguese-Canadians students, who represented the majority of culturally diverse students in the school, had systematically been failing to thrive academically. I argue that the implementation of 'first language' programs, along with other 'integrating strategies' can significantly help integrate Portuguese-Canadian students into the school system reducing the gap between the students, their families, and their communities, thereby promoting greater equity of outcomes.
Molecular characterization of the chaperone and heat shock protein HSP90 in the steroid responsive eukaryotic microbe Achlya ambisexualis

The eukaryotic microbe 'Achlya ambisexualis' is a member of the Oomycetes, a group of microbes that is less well characterized and has little taxonomic similarity to the 'true' fungi. ' A. ambisexualis' is one of the few organisms outside the animal kingdom in which well characterized steroid hormones mediate sexual differentiation. Proteins, the expression of which was altered during antheridiol (steroid)-mediated development, included those with molecular masses of 85 kDa and several in the 68 to 78 kDa range. The 85 kDa proteins and 68 to 78 kDa proteins were identified as members of the Hsp90 and Hsp70 heat shock protein families, respectively. In vegetatively grown 'A. ambisexualis', heteromeric protein complexes containing Hsp9O and up to eight different proteins were identified. The 74 kDa protein was identified as Hsp70, and the 23 kDa and 56 kDa proteins were shown to be related to vertebrate protein p23 and immunophilin FKBP51, respectively. In studies presented herein, a 38 kDa secreted protein that accumulates in the culture medium of vegetatively growing mycelia and antheridiol-treated mycelia, which is antigenically related to the C-terminal region of ' A. ambisexualis' Hsp90, was identified. The secretion of a 38 kDa Hsp90-related protein into the extracellular medium may suggest a role for Hsp90-related proteins in extracellular protein trafficking. Two incomplete genomic clones and two cDNA clones, representing distinct, and most likely allelic 'A. ambisexualis' hsp90 genes, called hsp90-1 and hsp90-2, were isolated and characterized. Two distinct hsp90 transcript populations are encoded by these cDNAs. One mRNA population contained 2.8 kb transcripts, was constitutively expressed, and exhibited enhanced expression in both heat-shocked mycelia and mycelia undergoing antheridiol-induced differentiation. The second hsp90 transcript population contained transcripts of 2.9 kb and was strictly heat shock-inducible. The level of a number of constitutively expressed hsp70 transcripts was also increased during both treatments. The increased level of hsp90 and hsp70 transcripts, observed during steroid-mediated differentiation or heat shock, was due to increased transcription of their respective genes. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 5' flanking region of each hsp90 gene revealed a number of possible trariscription factor binding sites. Among these were motifs with some similarity to the steroid receptor-binding elements found in steroid responsive genes of animals. Knowledge gained from this study increases our basic understanding of biology, and specifically indicates a role for Hsp90 and Hsp70 proteins during steroid-mediated hyphal branching. These molecular studies will be useful to studies on other Oomycetes, many of which are plant and animal pathogens that are poorly characterized.
The role of alternative pathway respiration in plant cells growing under phosphorus limitation, a study using transgenic Nicotiana tabacum cells lacking the alternative oxidase

Plants and heterotrophic suspension cells of 'Nicotiana tabacum ' were used to study the role of the mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) during respiration under phosphate (P) limited growth conditions. A transgenic line of suspension cells (AS8), expressing an antisense construct of the AOX gene, was also used. Growth of wild type (WT) plants and suspension cells under P-limitation induced AOX protein and activity as determined by gel blot and oxygen electrode analysis. This induction did not occur in AS8 cells. (1) Thus, WT and AS8 cells were compared to evaluate what role AOX may play during P-limitation. (2) The lack of AOX induction in AS8 resulted in a lower respiration rate during P-limitation. (3) Also, increased rates of cellular hydrogen peroxide generation in AS8 indicated that components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain were more restricted. (4) I discuss the potential role of the non-phosphorylating AOX pathway in allowing respiration to continue under P-limitation, a condition in which adenylate restriction might otherwise become severe.
Evaluation of fiber optic Bragg grating sensors in monitoring the integrity of structures repaired with bonded patches

Bragg gating sensors are evaluated as tools to determine crack growth in structures repaired with bonded patches. Linear elastic fracture mechanics theory, as well as the 1-dimensional theory of bonded joints are incorporated into a computer model which simulates crack growth in thin plates loaded in plane stress. The model suggests an elegant method of tracking crack length regardless of load magnitude based on the location of the peak strain measured along an axis perpendicular to the crack. This strain can be theoretically measured using short Bragg grating sensors positioned perpendicularly 2 ' mm' away from a 4 'cm' long crack in a 7 'cm ' wide, thin aluminum plate subject to loads of 2000 to 5000 ' N'.
Growing up scared, the effects of violent victimization in adolescence on adult socio-economic attainment

In venues as diverse as Atlantic Monthly, the Journal of the American Medical Association, and the American Sociological Review, recent attention has focused on the developmental consequences of violent victimization. One issue that has attracted particular attention is the possible link between early exposure to violence and socioeconomic status in later life. Yet, although conceptually acknowledged, little work has actually examined this issue. This research proposes a theoretical model that situates adolescent victimization in the socioeconomic life course. Utilizing a traditional life course framework and symbolic interactionism, this model integrates research on the social and psychological consequences of victimization with contemporary models of status attainment. The utility of this model is examined using three data sets: (1) a national sample of Canadians with retrospective measures of victimization; (2) longitudinal data from a sample of urban Canadian adolescents; and (3) longitudinal data from a national sample of American adolescents. Results indicate: (1) substantial effects of adolescent victimization on educational, occupational, and general socioeconomic attainment; and (2) a process of cumulative continuity that links structural origins, victimization risk, and later socioeconomic attainment. The theoretical and policy implications of these findings are discussed.