VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
From Conflicts of Sovereignty to Relationships: Recovering Nineteenth Century Relational Internationalist Perspectives in Private International Law

This thesis seeks to demonstrate that contrary to conventional histories of the discipline, 19th century writings on Private International Law included an internationalist strand that focused on the individual, rather than the state, but adopted an account of the individual as social and relationally constituted. The thesis dispels two common assumptions about the 19th century intellectual history of the field: first, that all individual - and private law – centered perspectives were overly liberal and individualistic and second, that the association between Public and Private International Law enabled the latter to focus on global public goods and global justice generally. By contrast, the thesis shows, on the one hand, that many 19th century theories focused on the relationship between Public and Private International Law injected much of the formalism and alleged neutrality of today’s Private International Law and on the other, that several individual-centered perspectives adopted a relational, rather than individualistic image of the individual. By recovering academic debates in Private International Law between the mid 19th to the mid 20th century, the thesis traces how this “relational internationalist” perspective was misunderstood and eventually disappeared from the memory of the field. Through a detailed analysis of the writings of the three main protagonists of the “relational internationalist” perspective, namely Joseph Story, Carl von Savigny, and Josephus Jitta, the thesis recovers the analytical foundation of this lost theoretical perspective with respect to rights, legitimate authority and the cosmopolitan dimensions of Private International Law. This thesis both tells a different history of 19th century Private International Law than the conventional one, and suggests that its “relational internationalist” component could provide a platform on which to now build a humanist perspective in PrIL which focuses both on the recognition, as well as the social responsibility of individuals in their transnational relationships.

Keywords: Legal History
Private International Law
Public International Law
Advisor: Knop, Karen
"I may act till the world grows wild and tense": The Performances of E. Pauline Johnson Tekahionwake

This dissertation documents and analyzes the performance history of Mohawk (Kanien’kehá:ka)-English poet and performer E. Pauline Johnson Tekahionwake. She was born in 1861 on the Six Nations Reserve of white and Mohawk parentage. By 1892, Johnson had developed a professional career as a travelling actress. Until her breast cancer diagnosis in 1909, she performed across Canada, the United States, and Great Britain. While on tour she recited her poetry, enacted adaptations of her prose stories, dressed up in fancy costumes, and performed comedic sketches (often in character-based dialect) with various acting partners. Although her performance history is intriguing, most scholarship about Johnson concentrates on the immense impact that her poetry had on the development of Canadian culture and mythology. However, this doctoral study explores the reasons that Johnson’s performances were largely overlooked in critical assessments of her impact. I propose a new set of paradigms and methodological tools to account for very divergent assessments (both appreciative and critical) of this important Indigenous performer by engaging with evocative fragments of Johnson’s archive. To this end, I explore the mutable and transformative quality of Johnson’s theatre history, mostly in chronological format. In addition, I address the substantial sophistication of her strategies and approaches, and the difficulties that she encountered as an Indigenous woman performing to settler audiences, within a framework of specific economies of representation. My examination of Johnson’s theatre history begins with a micro-historical focus on Johnson’s performances of 1892, when she was developing her theatrical skill set and arriving at a set of conventions on which she would rely during her touring life. Next, my dissertation discusses the variations of Johnson’s performances—the constant revision of her persona through both costuming and repertoire. Finally, I offer a detailed analysis of the dramatic repertoire that Johnson enacted in her later years. I draw on a plethora of primary research artifacts (clippings, reviews, performance photos, and scripts related to Johnson’s performance history) and glean significant historical information from these sources through a careful study of theatrical cultures active in the late nineteenth century. This allows for an exploration of the biases that underpin many responses to Johnson’s theatrical history – biases that are, so often, attached to broader critical engagements with Indigenous performance histories.

Keywords: Canadian theatre history
Indigenous performance
Pauline Johnson
Tekahionwake
Advisor: Johnson, Stephen
La fiction littéraire brève haïtienne, entre oraliture kreyòl et écriture française

Dès son émergence dans les périodiques locaux du début du XIXe siècle, la fiction littéraire brève haïtienne d’expression française s’inscrit d’emblée dans une tradition réaliste foncièrement nationaliste qui relève d’un fort souci d’altérité exprimé dans ses sujets ainsi que dans ses caractéristiques formelles, discursives et linguistiques. Ce décentrement littéraire initié par Ignace Nau à travers une prose fictionnelle, qui mise sur l’exploitation de l’oraliture kreyòl visant une écriture haïtienne d’expression française originale, s’avère être la base sur laquelle repose ce que la critique appelle unanimement le « véritable roman haïtien ». Plusieurs auteurs de prose fictionnelle des générations postérieures ont perpétué cette tradition de décentrement, dont tous les éléments se trouvent magistralement cristallisés dans les lodyans littéraires de Justin Lhérisson. Parmi les écrivains-lodyansè haïtiens contemporains, Gary Victor est celui qui a le plus profité de l’héritage littéraire de Nau et de Lhérisson. En raison de son caractère polyphonique et du rire subversif qu’elle suscite, l’œuvre à la fois traditionnelle et postmoderne de Victor, renouvelle le lodyans en y intégrant du fantastique et du réalisme merveilleux, ce qui permet à l’auteur de rendre compte de manière intéressante de la présence de la magie dans la vie sociale, politique et dans l’inconscient collectif du peuple haïtien. Pour confirmer ces hypothèses, nous avons établi un corpus composé de 51 fictions brèves couvrant les principales périodes littéraires haïtiennes. Les œuvres du corpus sont passées au crible d’une analyse méthodique basée sur une approche mixte, s’inscrivant à la fois dans une perspective narratologique et poststructuraliste, qui tient compte de la complexité linguistique du genre narratif bref dans le contexte haïtien dit « franco-créolophone ». Cette étude sur l’évolution historique et théorique de la fiction brève haïtienne répond à certaines questions essentielles au nécessaire renouvellement des études littéraires haïtiennes. Après une remise en cause systématique de la vision ethnocentrique étriquée responsable de la réception négative des œuvres littéraires haïtiennes du XIXe siècle, nous procédons à une analyse détaillée du corpus pour aboutir à une nouvelle tentative de théorisation du lodyans littéraire basée sur un ensemble de critères à la fois formels, discursifs, pragmatiques et linguistiques.

Keywords: Creole
French
Haiti
Literature
Orality
Short story / lodyans
Advisor: Lord, Michel
Impact of Maternal Inflammatory Conditions on the Expression of Drug Transporters

Inflammation-mediated changes in drug disposition commonly involve alterations in the expression of drug transporters and drug metabolizing enzymes. Placental drug transporters including ABC and SLC drug transporters are major determinants of fetal drug exposure. We hypothesized that inflammatory conditions during pregnancy would impact fetal drug exposure through alterations in placental transporter expression. Two inflammatory conditions were examined as part of this thesis, HIV infection and obesity. In a series of in vivo studies, pregnant HIV-Transgenic rats (HIV-Tg) as well as pregnant wild-type rats were administered bacterial endotoxin to model the presence of endotoxemia in HIV patients. Endotoxin administration significantly downregulated numerous placental and hepatic drug transporters in both HIV-Tg and WT rats. In addition, the presence of the HIV transgene along with bacterial endotoxin further downregulated the expression of placental P-gp, OATP2B1 and Slco4a1 than was detected with either inflammatory condition alone. This was attributed to an augmented inflammatory response to endotoxin in HIV-Tg rats. Overall the findings of these studies will aid in better predicting drug-disease interactions. As many ART are highly influenced by transporter mediated processes, this will assist in optimizing maternal treatment as well as minimizing vertical transmission and/or fetal toxicity. A second inflammatory condition investigated in this thesis is maternal obesity; which is a low-grade chronic inflammatory condition. However, in an in vivo model of maternal obesity, obesity was neither associated with a measurable inflammatory response, nor was it associated with significant changes in drug transporter expression.

Keywords: Drug Transporters
Maternal Inflammation
Pharmacokinetics
Advisor: Piquette-Miller, Micheline
Conceptualizing the State-nation via Education Reform: From Multicultural to Intercultural Citizenship

Transnational movements of sociopolitical culture defy the integrity of the nation-state. Its organizational principle of singularity, and struggles to accommodate increasing diversity within homogeneity, are challenged by the increasing prominence of alternate and multiple ways of being and knowing. Nation-state education systems organized to deliver citizenship values, fail to rectify the fracture between their quest for multicultural participation and their promotion of conformity within a single ‘national’ identity. Systems of education are products of their respective sociopolitical systems. Hence, notions of citizenship (inclusion) and democracy (participation) must be reformed to facilitate genuine education reform. The nation-state is a sociopolitical project that confines pedagogical reform within the framework of a paradigm. Education reform can only be achieved by substituting the concept of multi-cultural, with inter-cultural citizenship, thereby transforming the unidimensional nation-state into a pluralist state-nation. The state-nation is an ideal-type conceptual framework which is predicated upon a constant (re-)negotiation of categories and their corresponding belonging-identities, so that all boundaries remain liminal and permeable rather than immutable and exclusionary. India has witnessed the longest sustained attempt at education reform, as well as the largest in size and scope, by any national government, international organization or non-government organization. This dissertation examines the participation of statist, civil society and multi-national participants, within the context of education reform in India. It also explores the capacity of the state-nation model of education reform to contribute to an Indian education diplomacy that could influence global Education For All (EFA). Intercultural citizenship as the root of the state-nation, has the potential to become an avenue for South-South dialogue and a means to create alternate notions of ‘modernity’, ‘development’, and ‘globalization’. De-linking education from the nation-state and viewing it in relation to the state-nation, makes possible a profound and far reaching ‘reform’ of ‘education’ from a social justice perspective.

Keywords: Alternate Globalization
Alternate Pedagogies
Citizenship
Democracy
Education For All
India
Advisor: Hayhoe, Ruth
Investigation of Cell Nucleation and Growth in Foam Injection Molding through Visualization

Foam injection molding (FIM) is one of the most promising manufacturing methods for thermoplastics, owing to its capability to produce low-density and lightweight products with high dimensional precision at fast manufacturing rates. However, achievement of a uniform fine cell structure is very challenging in this technology. The issue arises from the lack of clear understanding of cell formation mechanisms and complicated bubbles’ dynamics in FIM. Here I employed an in-situ mold visualization technique to closely and continuously monitor foaming phenomena, occurring inside the mold and during injection, in order to uncover underlying mechanisms of cell nucleation and growth in FIM. In this context, an innovative visualization mold is designed and manufactured. Using the visualization mold, I first studied cell nucleation and growth mechanisms in high-pressure FIM, and proposed the strategy of using a melt packing pressure to remove the nucleated cells during mold filling and switch nucleation mechanism from “gate-nucleation” to “shrinkage-induced” nucleation. Then, the application of a gas-counter pressure (GCP) with FIM, and cell nucleation mechanisms in this technology, was thoroughly explored. The investigation on cell nucleation and growth mechanisms was then extended to high-pressure FIM technology followed by precise mold-opening (or high expansion FIM). Inasmuch as composite thermoplastics foams comprise a large percentage of FIM parts, I extended this research to a comprehensive study on the mutual interaction of nucleated cells and carbon fibers dispersed in a polystyrene matrix in high-pressure FIM. The latter was successfully done using the designed visualization mold and the proposed high-pressure FIM protocol.

Keywords: Conductive Polymer Composite
Foam Injection Molding
Gas-Counter Pressure
High-Pressure Foam Injection Molding
In-situ Mold Visualization
Mold-opening
Advisor: Park, Chul B
The Influence of Spatial Heterogeneity of Prey on Predator Growth and Energetics

Ecosystems are inherently heterogeneous, with organisms distributed in an uneven manner due to physical and biological forces. Animals have evolved to exploit the â patchinessâ of prey items to increase food consumption, yet the energetics associated with foraging in a patchy environment, along with the relationship between prey patches and consumer growth, is not fully understood. To investigate how the patchiness of food influences consumer consumption and growth I devised a series of experiments utilizing the common freshwater cladoceran

Keywords: Aquatic Ecology
Food Web
Foraging
Predator-Prey Interactions
Zooplankton
Zooplankton Bioenergetics
Advisor: Sprules, W. Gary
Impact of Physical Exercise on the Hippocampal Pathology and Cognition in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease

It is recognized that neuronal and vascular functions are affected during the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The accumulation of amyloid-beta peptides (Aβ) in the parenchyma and around blood vessels can contribute to neuronal and vascular compromise, and exacerbate cognitive impairment. Exercise has been described as one of the most influential modulators at preventing cognitive deficits observed in AD. The present work examined the extent to which physical activity is capable of reducing Aβ-related pathologies. I hypothesized that physical exercise stimulates memory and neurogenesis, remodels vasculature and lessens Aβ burden in the hippocampus of TgCRND8 mouse model of amyloidosis. All animals entered the study at 3 months of age and separate cohorts ran for 1, 2, or 3 months. My results indicate that voluntary running promotes spatial memory, neurogenesis, and cerebrovascular morphology in TgCRND8 mice. Specifically, the number of proliferating cells was significantly greater in running compared to non-running (sedentary) TgCRND8 mice as disease progressed. The number of doublecortin-positive new immature neurons was higher in TgCRND8 mice running for 1 month, compared to sedentary transgenics. Neuronal maturation was increased after 2 months (and not 1 month) of running in TgCRND8 mice. Running reduced plaque load in the dentate gyrus and Cornu Ammonis subregions of the hippocampus only after 2 months (5 month-old mice), and not after 1 month (4 month-old mice) or 3 months (6 month-old mice) of exercise. In 6 month-old mice, cerebral amyloid angiopathy levels were significantly reduced in running compared to sedentary mice. At 6 months of age, sedentary TgCRND8 mice had higher capillary density, capillary length, branch density, and non-capillary tortuosity compared to age-matched non-transgenics. These changes in vascular morphology suggest an adaptative response to Aβ pathology. In contrast, the vascular parameters of TgCRND8 mice running for 3 months were indistinguishable from non-transgenics animals. Memory improvements were observed at 4, 5 and 6 months of age in TgCRND8 mice running for 1, 2, and 3 months, respectively. Running TgCRND8 mice spent more time in the novel arm of the Y-maze compared to the familiar arms. Overall, these data indicate that as amyloidosis progresses in the hippocampus of TgCRND8 mice, physical exercise has a pronounced impact on cognition, with spatial memory rescued even when the number of new mature neurons (at 4 months) and plaque burden (at 4 and 6 months) are not significantly altered compared to sedentary transgenic animals. These data suggest that increasing neurogenesis and lowering plaque buildup may not be individually necessary to promote cognitive function. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that exercise as a lifestyle modification can improve cognition and reduce the negative impact of AD-related hippocampal pathologies.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease
Amyloid Pathology
Cerebral Vasculature
Neurogenesis
Physical Exercise
Spatial Memory
Advisor: Aubert, Isabelle
Feeling Capitalism: The Victorian Novel as Affective Response to Social Transformation

This dissertation argues that Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights (1847), Charles Dickens’s Great Expectations (1860-1), and George Eliot’s Middlemarch (1871-2) constellate the affective dimensions of life under advancing capitalism around three dominant emotions: desire, guilt, and disappointment. In each case, the focalizing emotion, I argue, is not only specific to this or that character, but also a dominant structuring affect of the work as a whole, which, in turn, has historical specificity to the decade of the novel’s production. Chapter 2 relates Brontë’s depiction of Heathcliff and Catherine’s insatiable desire to the romantic-libertarianism of the 1840s and the autonomization of desire in the newly privatized space of the bourgeois family, which, I argue, widened its symbolic valences, making it available for Brontë’s mythologization of history as the struggle of desire against repression. Chapter 3 explores Dickens’s sense of society’s inexorable guilt in relation to the “liberal guilt” that followed in the years after the failed proletarian revolutions of 1848, attaching negative connotations to individual “great expectations,” which now appear to be necessarily at the cost of the less fortunate. Such negative connotations ironize Dickens’s title providing it with its dominant “structure of feeling.” Chapter 4 connects Eliot’s sense of inescapable disappointment and resignation to the lowered expectations of the 1870s, when the millenarian spirit of the former decades subsided into what, for many, felt like a Victorian “end of history.” Disappointment, however, comes with a new clarity—a realism that now grasps society as an evolving historical totality. Against theorists like Brian Massumi, who posit affect as ahistorical and nonrepresentational, this dissertation argues instead for the centrality of affect to a historicizing literary criticism that attempts to forge a connection between a novel’s narrative style and what Fredric Jameson calls its “political unconscious.” In so doing, I put forward a theory of affect as a mediatory category, bringing together novelistic representations and lived historical experience in such a way that allows us to interpret Wuthering Heights, Great Expectations, and Middlemarch as three affective responses to social transformations wrought by capitalism in the nineteenth century—three different ways of feeling capitalism.

Keywords: Affect Theory
Literary Theory
Novel Studies
Victorian Literature
Advisor: Schmitt, Cannon
Eating Beyond Ecology: The Impacts of Hunting Technologies on Archaeofaunas from the Eastern Arctic

This dissertation explores human-animal relationships within two very different societies, Late Dorset (500 CE to 1300 CE) and Thule Inuit (1200 CE to 1500 CE), who occupied common geographical areas throughout the eastern Arctic. While scholars interested in the behaviour of Northern hunter-gatherers have tended to focus on the primacy of environmental factors and changing environments, this dissertation aims to achieve a more nuanced understanding of the role of cultural factors in shaping human-animal interaction. I pursue this goal by focusing on distinct Late Dorset and Thule Inuit hunting technologies and practices, using zooarchaeological analyses to directly examine their impacts on subsistence strategies, including encounter rates, labour strategies, resource scheduling, and diet breadth. To address marked variability in resource availability between different areas in the eastern Arctic and allow for a cross-Arctic comparison, I consider three separate regions where Late Dorset and Thule Inuit occupied either the same site or sites that are located in close proximity. Although hunting strategies in each region were greatly influenced by regionally-specific environments, I argue that this research shows they are also culturally distinct. Results suggest that differences in Late Dorset and Thule Inuit hunting technologies impacted their archaeofaunas in various ways, they directly influenced each groups hunting strategies, and ultimately, helped shape the human-animal relationship in each society. In comparison to Thule Inuit, Late Dorset were constrained by their hunting technologies, having to rely more heavily upon specific types of terrain features and seasonal changes in the environment. Thule Inuit hunting technologies, by contrast, allowed for larger harvests of key resources, providing better provisioning and perhaps an increase in food security. These results serve to highlight the role of culture in prehistoric lifeways, even in â marginalâ environments.

Keywords: Arctic Archaeology
Hunter-gatherers
Hunting technologies
Late Dorset
Thule Inuit
Zooarchaeology
Advisor: Friesen, T. Max