VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Otters and urchins: Continuity and change in Haida economy during the late Holocene and maritime fur trade periods

While the maritime fur trade and the incorporation of the Haida into the European capitalist world system increased the focus of the Haida on the hunting of sea otters, altered the Haida seasonal round, and introduced new items of material culture, it had relatively little impact on the Haida subsistence economy. Salmon continued to dominate Haida subsistence, while the majority of the introduced material culture was non-utilitarian or was incorporated into existing cultural practices. In contrast, European traders were forced to adopt a degree of Haida tradition into trade practices, and in many cases were dependent on the Haida to meet their own subsistence needs. More profound changes to Haida culture, including the rise of Haida economic dependency on the world economy, arose during the subsequent period of increasing European encroachment and settlement. This dissertation examines changes in Haida economic adaptations during the late pre-contact and early contact periods in Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia). This was primarily achieved through the analysis of faunal and artifactual assemblages recovered from archaeological excavations at eight village sites in Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site (southernmost Haida Gwaii). In addition, extensive syntheses of early historic accounts, ethnographic descriptions, and previous archaeological work provide context for the interpretation of the archaeological data and complementary data on the economic responses of the Haida to European contact and the maritime fur trade. The new archaeological data presented in this dissertation, combined with previously published results, form the basis of a detailed description of the nature of Haida economic adaptations during the late pre-contact period (ca. 500 AD to 1774 AD). Most notably, these data clarify a previously recognized shift from a more generalized, rockfish-oriented economy to a more specialised, salmon-focused economy between 1,200 BP and 800 BP. These distinct economic adaptations, now widely demonstrated for southern Haida Gwaii, have been formalized as an earlier Xyuu daw Phase (ca. 2,000 BP to 1,000 BP) and a later Qayjuu Phase (ca. 1,000 BP to contact), both within the previously described late Graham Tradition.
Love and the will: Hegel on the spiritual basis of modern politics

The dissertation is an examination of the ontology underpinning Hegel's social and political thought, and his attempt to comprehend how this ontology is realized in modernity, through the modern principle of will. Hegel's thought generally is seen to fall within the Rousseauian and German Idealist aspiration to articulate a general will at the foundation of a uniquely modern political community that can harmonize individual freedom with social unity and a sense of belonging. Hegel's ontology of the general will is identified as being of a religious or spiritual nature, deriving from Holderlin's notion of an Identity that exists in Being, and manifest in human existence in the experience of love. The dissertation traces Hegel's legacy in terms of his encounter with the problem of the antagonism between the experience of love on the one hand, and the modern principle of reflective rationality and will that have come to dominate the secular world on the other, and his subsequent attempt to work out how these two principles could be reconciled. It is argued that, for Hegel, in spite of the will's self-alienation from love, its drive to assert itself in the world around it is ultimately rooted in the subconscious knowledge of love, and that this experience of love is re-encountered in achievements of moral action and forgiveness. It is further argued that this expression of love through the will is at the root of the objectification depicted in Hegel's Philosophy of Right, in the valid laws and institutions of the modern state. The failure of Hegel's state to find historical realization is explained from within Hegel's own terms, in the notion that the colonizing impulse of reflective rationality could eclipse the consciousness of the divine upon which objectification depends. In light of this, the need to cultivate a consciousness of the divine, or of love, is identified as the most pressing issue of our age. Overall, the study seeks to illuminate Hegel's invaluable contribution to our understanding of the existential tension between love and the will, and of the role that philosophy must play for moderns in vindicating the experience of love.
DIGITAL MARIONETTE: augmenting kinematics with physics for multi-track desktop performance animation

We have developed a novel desktop performance animation, DIGITAL MARIONETTE, which provides an interactive interface for animating graphical characters in real time using a minimal input configuration of just two motion trackers. By embedding the trackers in a physical tubing, we establish a tangible interface with the various coordinate frames inherent to the character. This provides the user with the kinesthetic, visual, tactile and inertial-based feedback for manipulating these frames. Building on this compatibility, we develop a multi-track motion recording framework and a set of mappings that enable the two 6-DOF trackers to control a 33-DOF character by progressively layering motions. Local physically-based motion actuators are introduced to augment an existing kinematic mapping, facilitating the animation task and enhancing the naturalness of the motion. They are designed so that the user is not burdened with the additional cognitive overhead of solving the balance control problem. Thus we integrate kinematics and dynamical principles for more effective real-time animation control. An extensive account of the experience of learning and using the D IGITAL MARIONETTE system is given. This focuses on the perspective of a user experienced both with this system, as well as with other complex interfaces; the learning process is contextualized, and some common principles are exposed. Three novice test users spent approximately two hours each working with our system, and were able to achieve the basics of a walk within that time. These results indicate that DIGITAL MARIONETTE's interface provides opportunity for in-depth exploration, learning and refinement in the creation of animation. Our desktop performance animation system enables the animator to fluidly and immediately play out his or her ideas of motion into animation, giving the animator a unique instrument for creating a range of truly expressive human character animation ranging from walking to dancing. DIGITAL MARIONETTE has been used in a live theatrical performance, and the motion created with it has been described by performers as “beautiful” and “graceful”. We have developed a powerful desktop tool which, via its unique tangible interface, local-physics based models, and layered mappings, allows very efficient creation of expressive animation.
Seeking cognitive markers of specific language impairment and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Specific Language Impairment (SLI) and Attention-Deficit /Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occur. Surface similarities (e.g., not "listening") can complicate discriminating between them. However, underlying basic processing dysfunctions may differentiate these disorders. Promising candidates from the literature included impaired processing of brief acoustic information (rapid temporal processing, RTP) or generalized slowing in SLI, and impaired inhibition or extremely variable response speed in ADHD. However, the uniqueness of these dysfunctions to each disorder was unclear. Using key design elements not well-considered in past research, primary objectives were to (1) clarify the uniqueness of dysfunctional RTP and generalized slowing to SLI by excluding ADHD from a sample of children with SLI (Study One), confirming these dysfunctions in SLI (Study One), and examining these processes in children with ADHD (Study Two); and (2) clarifying the uniqueness of impaired inhibition and extreme response variability to ADHD by excluding SLI from a sample of children with ADHD (Study Two), confirming these dysfunctions in ADHD (Study Two), and examining these processes in SLI (Study One). In Study One, fourteen 7-11 year olds who had receptive-expressive SLI without concurrent ADHD and 14 children with typical development (TD) were administered measures of language and behaviour, and performed experimental tasks targeting the four candidate processes. In Study Two, fourteen 6-11 year olds who had ADHD without concurrent SLI and 14 children with TD participated in an identical protocol. As predicted, only children with SLI differed significantly from children with TD in RTP. However, some individual children with ADHD and TD had substantial RTP impairments. Unexpectedly, both children with SLI and children with ADHD were slow on some speeded tasks. As predicted, only children with ADHD showed extreme response variability. Unexpectedly, only children with SLI differed significantly from children with TD in inhibition, although many individual children with ADHD showed impaired inhibition. Findings suggested that further pursuit is warranted of extreme response variability as a cognitive marker of ADHD; the role of RTP impairments in SLI, ADHD, and TD requires further examination; process-specific slowing and poor inhibition may be present in both SLI and ADHD; and these disorders may not be fully dissociable.
Mutation, SNP and isoform analysis of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) in 150 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients

The t(4;14) translocation in multiple myeloma (MM) is identified in ∼15% of patient samples, dysregulating FGFR3 and MMSET. Activating FGFR3 mutations are observed in myeloma cell lines and in late stage MM but the incidence of mutation in newly diagnosed patient samples is unknown. Gene expression profiling of 150 newly diagnosed patients revealed FGFR3 over-expression in 24 (16%). RT-PCR and FISH confirmed that all of the FGFR3 positive patients carried the t(4;14) translocation. Sequencing of the entire open reading frame of FGFR3 gene identified an insertion of two amino acids in one patient and a Y241C point mutation in another. Moreover, two isoforms of FGFR3 that have not previously been described in MM were identified. Furthermore, we identified the C294T polymorphism in 17 of 22 patient samples. Therefore mutations of FGFR3 occur in less than 5% of t(4;14) positive and in less than 1% of newly diagnosed myeloma patients overall.
The role of 5-HT2A vs. 5-HT2C receptor subtypes in haloperidol-induced dyskinetic effects

Acute and chronic administration of typical antipsychotic (AP) drugs indures extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) and tardive dyskinesia (TD), respectively. Serotonin 5-HT2A/2C receptors have been suggested to modulate these side effects, but the specific contribution of each 5-HT2 subtype (5-HT2A vs. 5-HT2C) has not been determined. In the first study, acute co-administration of haloperidol (HAL) with 5-HT2A or 5-HT2C receptor antagonist did not produce a clozapine-like c-fos induction pattern in the brain, whereas blocking 5-HT 2C, but not 5-HT2A, receptors attenuated HAL-Induced catalepsy in a dose-dependent manner. In a separate study, chronic HAL altered 5-HT 2C receptor mRNA levels in specific brain areas, while 5-HT2A receptor mRNA levels were unaltered in any region. Chronic HAL Induced higher vacuous chewing movements (VCMs) in males than in females suggesting that this model may not be a good representative of the human female vulnerability to TD. Blocking 5-HT2A or 5-HT2C attenuated HAL-Induced VCMs in males, but not in females. Considering all the data, selective 5-HT 2C blockade may be a strategy of choice for countering both acute and chronic dyskinesic effects of APs.
A dynamic instrumentation approach to software transactional memory

With the advent of chip-multiprocessors, we are faced with the challenge of parallelizing performance-critical software. Transactional memory has been proposed as a promising programming model, with software implementations (STMs) being especially compelling for today's use. However, in addition to high overheads, existing STMs are limited to either managed languages or intrusive APIs. Furthermore, transactions in STMs cannot normally contain calls to unobservable code such as shared libraries or system calls. In this dissertation we present JudoSTM, a novel dynamic binary-rewriting approach to implementing STM that supports C and C++ code. By using value-based conflict detection, JudoSTM additionally supports the transactional execution of both (i) irreversible system calls and (ii) code that contains locks. We lower overhead through several novel optimizations that improve invisible-reader and validate/commit performance. We show that our approach performs comparably to RSTM—demonstrating that a dynamic binary-rewriting approach to implementing STM is an interesting alternative.
A linear-time approach for static timing analysis covering all process corners

Manufacturing process variations lead to circuit timing variability and a corresponding timing yield loss. Traditional corner analysis consists of checking all process corners (combinations of process parameter extremes) to make sure that circuit timing constraints are met at all corners, typically by running static timing analysis (STA) at every corner. This approach is becoming too expensive due to the increase in the number of corners with modern processes. As an alternative, we propose a linear-time approach for STA which covers all process corners in a single pass. Our technique assumes a linear dependence of delays and slews on process parameters and provides tight bounds on the worst-case circuit delay and slew. It exhibits high accuracy (up to 2%) in practice and, if the circuit has m gates and n relevant process parameters, the complexity of the algorithm is [special characters omitted].
Iconology and hypostatics in Dostoevsky's "The Brothers Karamazov" and in the works of Augustine

This study deals with the status of personhood in Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov and the works of Augustine. Two categories are central for the mapping out of a person: icon and hypostasis. The semiotic category of icon generates a foundational iconostasis (e.g., freedom-faith-love-hope or power-mystery-worship-authority) circumscribing a person, while the religious category of hypostasis denotes the co-inherent or common substance that underlies icons and persons. The study of icon (iconology) and the study of hypostasis (hypostatics) are undertaken in order to foreground person-bound ethical and soteriological praxis in Augustine and Dostoevsky. In studying personhood, two complementary methodological strategies are implemented: close textual analysis and the expansion of the theoretical apparatus and framework. Grounded in the interpreted text and theory, modeling strategies are designed for capturing person-versions and world-versions. The main part of this study develops an interpretation of iconology and hypostatics in Dostoevsky's novel The Brothers Karamazov through the close textual interpretation of the Legend of the Grand Inquisitor. The second focus of the study proposes an iconologic and dialogic interface between the most prominent Dostoevskian and Augustinian icons in order to illuminate their internal similar typological substance, an enterprise designed ultimately to foster a better understanding of the iconology and hypostatics in The Brothers Karamazov.
An adjoint method augmented with grid sensitivities for aerodynamic optimization

The discrete adjoint equations for an aerodynamic optimizer are augmented to explicitly include the sensitivities of the grid perturbation. The Newton-Krylov optimizer is paired with grid perturbations via the elasticity method with incremental stiffening. The elasticity method is computationally expensive, but exceptionally robust---high quality grids are produced, even for large shape changes. For the gradient calculation, instead of encompassing grid sensitivities in finite differenced terms for the adjoint equations, they are treated explicitly. This results in additional adjoint equations that must be solved. This augmented adjoint method requires less computational time than a function evaluation, and retains its speed as dimensionality is increased. The accuracy of the augmented adjoint method is excellent, allowing the optimizer to converge more fully. A discussion of the trade-off between lengthy development time and increased performance indicates that the method would be particularly well-suited to complicated three-dimensional configurations.
A study comparing the frictional characteristics of six commercially available self-ligating bracket systems

Objective. To evaluate the frictional behaviour of six self-ligating bracket systems with three stainless steel archwires under dry conditions that allow the tooth to move freely during retraction. Methods. The resistances to sliding of six different self-ligating brackets (SPEED(TM), In-OvationRTMC, Carriere(TM)SLB, Clarity(TM)SL, SmartClip(TM), VisionLP(TM)) were measured with three stainless steel wires of rectangular cross-section (0.017" x 0.022", 0.017" x 0.025" and 0.019" x 0.025"), using a custom testing assembly and a universal testing machine (Instron Inc., Canton, MA). Statistical analysis was performed using a two-way, balanced ANOVA. Results The four passive self-ligating brackets (Carriere(TM)SLB, Clarity(TM)SL, SmartClip(TM), VisionLP(TM)) displayed significantly less frictional resistance (p
Global portfolios and strategic international partnerships of a major research university

Globalization motivates universities to provide a proactive institutional response to the needs and opportunities of globalizing markets and to support the national agenda of productivity and competition. This pressure has accelerated the pace at which major research universities reach out to international markets and are exposed to an increasingly competitive world within the barrier-free globalizing environment. Using the conceptual framework of international relations affected by marketization, this thesis delves into the organizational behaviour of a major research university, which has embarked on adjustments to its institutional mechanisms for an integrated and proactive response to the globalization pressures. Six case studies examining divisional and university-wide processes of internationalization at the University of Toronto formed the basis for analyzing three major processes-individuation, institutionalization, and marketization-that shape perspectives for global outreach and development of international partnerships at a major research university in the time of globalization. By analyzing institutional policy instruments (global MRU's International Strategies portfolios, and international partnerships) used by some university decision-makers to create a more harmonious and focused international strategy, this thesis explores what motivates and de-motivates institutional collaboration, whether decentralization or centralization can serve as vehicles for the promotion of partnership building, and what costs and benefits may be incurred in the process. In particular, this thesis investigates how various major research university divisions make choices about areas of responsibility and determine which connections are strategic and worthwhile to pursue, and which are not. The dichotomy between the institutional aspirational story and the grassroots empirical story is examined within the context shaped by the "characterological development" of a major research university, by the lack of government support to international research, and by the growth of asymmetric partnerships, as encouraged by the processes of marketization and individuation. This thesis expands on and contributes knowledge to the area of internationalization of higher education by distinguishing the organizational behavior of a major research university from other knowledge institutions and universities described in the literature, as well as by identifying and examining the specific character of entrepreneurial response that emerges when a public major research university is pulled into the process of marketization. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Mammalian Ubc6 E2 conjugating enzymes and stress-related phosphorylation of Ubc6e

Endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD) of misfolded membrane proteins is critical for maintenance of cellular homeostasis. 'ER stress', caused by overload of misfolded proteins as commonly occurs in many physiological and disease states, activates the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) which promotes restoration of homeostasis but also triggers apoptosis and other physiological responses. Ubc6 is an ER membrane-associated E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, implicated in the ERAD of many misfolded proteins in S. cerevisiae . These studies examine two recently identified human homologs, Ubc6 and Ubc6e, and reveal stress-related modification of Ubc6e. These homologues were confirmed to be ER-localized, UPR-regulated, and possess E2 enzyme activity in vitro, which supports their role in mammalian ERAD. Intriguingly, one of these homologs, Ubc6e, is modified by phosphorylation via a PKR-like ER Kinase (PERK) pathway during pharmalogically induced ER stress. This phosphorylation involves residue Ser-184, and is associated with inhibited E2 activity, in vitro. These findings suggest that Ubc6e activity can be regulated by UPR via phosphorylation and highlight diversity in function between the mammalian homologues. Emerging evidence of cross-talk between UPR and other stress pathways, and the role of ERAD in maintaining cellular homeostasis, led to investigations of a broader role of Ubc6e in stress response. It was observed that additional and diverse environmental stresses, including hyperosmotic, genotoxic, and pharmacologic stress as well as heat shock and various mitogens also rapidly induce phosphorylation of Ubc6e. A role for p38 MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase) signaling in Ubc6e modification, with direct involvement of MK2 (MAPK-activated Kinase) was further established. Phosphorylation is triggered via different routes as PERK involvement was limited to ER stress. Cell lines expressing Ubc6e wild-type, phospho-mutant and phospho-mimic variants revealed that phosphorylation is associated with apoptosis, and involves c-Jun kinase and caspase-12 activation during ER stress. These studies elaborate the central role of the ER in mediating stress signaling by establishing MK2 as a novel regulator of Ubc6e in a wide array of cell stimuli. They further suggest that modulation of the function of this E2 enzyme is critical to stress-related responses and cell survival.
Growth and characterization of organic thin films

Copper phthalocyanine and Buckminster fullerene have many applications in electronic devices, thus proper understanding of these materials is essential. In this work, thin films of the pure materials and composites, were vapour deposited on to room temperature substrates to mimic the conditions used in industry. The growth modes of both C60 and CuPc were found to be Volmer-Weber. For the composite films it was found that the clustering texture seen under SEM was suppressed with 5 wt.% C60, and 30 wt.% suppressed the CuPc alpha-phase crystallites. The thermal stability of the composite was found to be improved over that of the pure films up to 140°C. It was concluded that CuPc molecules migrate through the film, but the migration is inhibited by C60 due to the strong intermolecular interactions. The improved thermal stability of the composite is due to the interactions slowing the kinetics of the phase transformations.