VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Clinical utility of two neonatal pain assessment measures

Several measures of neonatal pain have been developed. Of these, two multidimensional measures have been hypothesized to provide the most comprehensive assessment of pain in neonates. These two measures, the Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) (Stevens, Johnston, Petryshen, & Taddio, 1996) and the Crying, Requires O2, Increased Vital Signs, Expression, and Sleepless scale (CRIES) (Krechel & Bildner, 1995) have both undergone rigorous initial validity and reliability testing but have not yet been adequately evaluated for clinical utility. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility of the PIPP and the CRIES through questionnaire responses provided by a group of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) nurses. A clinical utility conceptual model, composed of Time, Cost, Instructions, Format, and Acceptability concepts, was proposed and tested. Results of this study indicated that, although both the PIPP and the CRIES can be considered clinically useful, there were differences in their performance on several clinical utility indicators. The CRIES rated slightly better than the PIPP on most indicators but the NICU nurses rated the PIPP significantly higher with respect to its potential for future use in the unit. Face validity and initial content validity of the clinical utility conceptual model and questionnaire were established. Most hypothesized relationships between indicators of the concepts were found to some degree. Those relationships that were not found were primarily related to the concept of Acceptability. Future modifications to the conceptual model and questionnaire were discussed.
Technologies of remembrance, literary criticism and Duncan Campbell Scott's Indian poems

This thesis conceptualizes literary criticism as a "technology of remembrance." It works with the theory of "remembrance/pedagogy" which proposes that all remembrance acts are inherently pedagogical. This thesis argues that Canadian literary criticism engages various public remembrance/pedagogies of the history of First Nations-Canadian relations, as those relations have been produced historically through colonial domination. This thesis examines literary criticism, spanning from 1914 to 1996, of Duncan Campbell Scott's canonized "Indian poems." It also examines Scott's role in the department of Indian Affairs, especially from 1913 to 1932. It reads the literary readings of Scott and asks what is being remembered and forgotten about the colonial history of Canada in the remembrances of Scott? The thesis identifies and critiques three evaluative discourses in Scott literary criticism in terms of what they erase. It suggests two alternative evaluative discourses which are grounded in a counter-hegemonic view of the history of First Nations-Canadian relations.

Keywords: Indians in literature
Indiens d'Amérique dans la littérature
Molecular cytogenetic analysis of non-small cell lung carcinoma, by comparative genomic hybridization and spectral karyotyping

Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) was used to screen 22 non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines and primary tumors. All chromosomes were involved in imbalance. Gains of DNA were much more frequent than losses. The most frequently gained chromosome arms were 5p (73%), 8q (68%), 15q (50%), 1q (45%), 20q (45%), 3q, 11q and 19q (36%). DNA losses were found in chromosome 9 (36%), 18q (36%), 6q (27%), 5q12-32, 13q and 19p (18%). High copy number amplifications were found on 2p23-24, 3q24-27, 5p, 6cen-p21.1, 6q26, 7p21, 7q31, 8q, 11q13-qter, 20q12-13.2. Seventy one percent of the cell lines showed an overrepresentation of 8q in their CGH profile, with four cases showing amplification in the 8q24 region. 'MYC' aneuploidy was observed in NSCLC cell lines by FISH analysis. In most of the cell lines, only low level 'MYC' amplification was detected. Detected 'MYC ' signals not only localized to normal chromosome 8, but also increased in copy number by translocation to various marker chromosomes. Spectral Karyotyping (SKY) was performed in two cell lines where G-banded analysis was also available. SKY was able to provide additional cytogenetic information on chromosomal translocations, identification of marker chromosomes and characterization of complex structural rearrangements that could not be identified by conventional banding.
Delamination analysis of composite laminates

A combined theoretical and experimental study has been conducted on the delamination of fibre reinforced polymeric composites. The main objectives were to gain a better understanding of the physical origin of delamination fracture toughness and to develop theoretical models to predict the critical strain energy release rates of delamination in composite materials. Of the many energy dissipation mechanisms present in the delamination process, crack tip plastic deformation was determined to be the most critical one. Two analytical beam models, based on the double cantilever beam (DCB) specimen and the end notched flexure (ENF) specimen, were developed. A fracture criterion, based on the size of the crack tip plastic zone, was incorporated into these beam models so that the mode I and mode II critical strain energy release rates of composites can be predicted using the corresponding resin and fibre properties as well as composite structural parameters. A complete set of mechanical tests were performed on five polymeric composite systems, including both thermoset and thermoplastic systems, and on their corresponding neat polymer resins. The theoretical predictions for delamination fracture toughness from the present analytical models agreed very well with the data obtained in the present experiments and those in the literature over a wide range of composite laminates.
Theatre and community, case studies of four Colway-style plays performed in Canada

Focusing on the four Colway-style community Plays produced between 1990–1995, this study documents the use of the Colway model in Canada and contributes to the analytical discussion of community-oriented forms of popular theatre by examining the practical problems and ideological issues raised by the Colway experience within specifically Canadian contexts. The sum of the individual case studies is used to evaluate the form's efficacy in term of social, cultural, and political affirmation and intervention, while each of the case histories is focused on one particular area in this regard and includes an examination of the technical means selected (or not selected) to achieve project goals. Material has been arranged in two parts. Following an introductory history of the Colway Theatre Trust, the first chapter establishes the social and theatrical traditions upon which the Colway style draws, and in terms of which its innovations, successes, and failures can be examined. The second chapter discusses the main aspects of the Colway form, and together this material comprises Part 1. Part II consists of a brief introduction to community play practice in Canada, followed by the individual case studies. The study ends with a brief chapter of conclusions.
The legacy of the early twentieth-century Khilafat movement in India

This study attempts to look at the legacy of the Khilafat movement in India early this century. The study shows that the abolition of the institution of the Caliphate in Turkey, and the reasons given by the Turkish ' ulama' for its abolition, provided food for thought to the Muslim elite in India. Muslims saw in the reasons for abolition of the Caliphate in Turkey, a process of 'ijtihad' (theological exploration) in which it was possible to update the institution of the Caliphate. This reflection made it possible to demand, from the British government and the Indian National Congress, an Islamic state. Such a development emerged as the legacy of the Khilafat movement. As Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1876-1948) took up this challenge, he used a three-pronged approach to sell the idea to the Muslim masses. After tracing earlier views of the Caliphate this study looks at the connotations of the 'Ashura event (the martyrdom of Imam al-Husayn, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad) in Karbala, which occurred in the year 61 A.H. (685 C.E.), and its commemoration every year, to show how recalling this event helped Jinnah in his Pakistan movement. The study shows that the khilafatist leaders were involved in using the 'Ashura event in Karbala to motivate Muslims. The study also presents writings and compositions of poems using the 'Ashura event to arouse Muslims, literature recently (1986) released in the material proscribed by the British government in the 1920's and 1930's. Finally, the study shows that in the thinking of twentieth-century Indian Muslims the institutional rationale of the Caliphate seems to have evolved, from a one-man Caliph-emperor to a socially elected, democratic caliphal state, from the idea of an individual Caliph to the concept of an Islamic state.
Empirical Bayesian methods for the identification of sites to be considered for specific safety treatments

This study develops and illustrates a methodology for identifying sites which have the potential for safety improvements for a specific treatment type. The methodology is applied to two types of vehicular accidents, those occurring due to the presence of horizontal curves and those that are speed related. The road segments investigated are all on two-lane rural undivided highways; data used were obtained from the Ministry of Transportation, Ontario. The modeling utilizes the Empirical Bayesian methodology to estimate the expected frequency of treatable accidents occurring at each site. This estimate is used as a ranking index for treatment. Models are developed for injury (fatal and non-fatal injury) accidents as well as all severities combined. A validation of the procedure shows that it is more efficient and reliable than commonly used blackspot identification methods based on recent accident counts or rates. A useful side benefit is that the procedure provides the basis for the estimation of the safety effect of treatments applied.
Perisynaptic cells at the neuromuscular junction, protein expression and cellular interactions

The neuromuscular junction (nmj) is composed of specialized contacts between nerve terminals and muscle fibres. Nerve terminals are covered by perisynaptic Schwann cells (PSCs), which are specialized non-myelin-forming glia. PSCs expressed protein zero, a glycoprotein found uniquely in Schwann cells. Surprisingly, PSCs also expressed myelin-related proteins, such as myelin-associated glycoprotein. Both glycoproteins persisted after denervation, including at newly formed PSC extensions. Thus, PSCs are of Schwann cell origin, but their expression of myelin-related proteins suggests that either myelin formation requires additional factors or that inhibitory molecules present at the nmj block myelination, or these proteins have other roles at the nmj. PSCs are sensitive to neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine (ACh), ATP, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Normally, few PSCs express glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), but when deprived of synaptic activity for 6 hours, PSCs up-regulate this cytoskeletal protein. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) were located on PSCs and their activation was necessary for maintaining low GFAP expression. Other transmitters activated PSCs, but did not affect GFAP up-regulation. Thus, ACh release from nerve terminals is a signal which preserves low GFAP in the surrounding PSCs. Muscarinic action on GFAP may involve cAMP because this second messenger blocked GFAP accumulation. The peptide transmitter CGRP was found to modulate PSC ATP receptors. Normally, successive applications of ATP generate Ca2+ transients which largely do not attenuate in amplitude. However, CGRP and also cAMP elevations reduced the amplitude of ATP-evoked Ca2+ transients. Thus, release of CGRP from nerve terminals modulates purinergic signalling in PSCs, possibly via stimulation of cAMP. Finally, special properties of perisynaptic fibroblasts located near nmjs were recognized. Immunohistochemistry disclosed perisynaptic fibroblast extensions which contacted nmjs preferentially. Furthermore, similar to PSCs, fibroblasts responded to ATP with changes in Ca2+. PSCs and perisynaptic fibroblasts should be considered the third and fourth cellular components of nmjs. Their capacity to detect neurotransmission suggests that they may in turn modulate synaptic structure and function.
The polyphonic introits of Trento, archivio capitolare, MS 93, a stylistic analysis

Trent 93, the most recently discovered of the Trent Codices (a large and well-preserved source of fifteenth-century sacred polyphony) contains a lengthy grouping of polyphonic settings of introits, the first item in the Proper of the Mass. The scope of this collection is unprecedented, and is not approached again until the sixteenth century (in collections such as the 'Jena choirbook', and Heinrich Isaac's 'Choralis constantinus'). Why were these pieces copied? Were they ever performed in Trent, and if so, in what particular circumstances? This thesis is an exploration of the cultural and ecclesiastical context of the Trent 93 introits, in combination with a survey of their liturgical placement, and an analysis of their stylistic characteristics, in the hope that such a study will help to unravel some of these problems. Chapter One of this thesis sets the geographical and liturgical context for the stylistic study and outlines the current scholarly situation regarding the Trent codices and their importance in the repertory, including relevant paleographical and analytical studies. Also included are some known facts (and some speculation), about the scribal activity in mid fifteenth-century Trent and the possible routes by which the music of the codices found its way to this northern Italian town. Chapter Two surveys the introits in Tr93 according to their liturgical function and the copying plan of the scribes. Chapter Three, the essence the thesis, discusses the introit as a musical genre, and examines the various stylistic characteristics of the repertory. The conclusions reflect my thoughts on the level of compositional skill displayed in these pieces, and the likelihood that this music was performed from this source. This thesis supports the theory, first suggested by Gary Spilsted, that the introit cycle of Tr93 was originally intended to be a repository for future liturgical needs; however, based on the paleographic and stylistic evidence I have observed, I do not believe that this collection was ever used for its intended purpose. Nonetheless, it does present an intriguing snapshot of both the stylistic preferences and the scribal practices of mid fifteenth-century Trent.
A configurable 32nd order low-voltage low-power digital filter for portable communications systems

In this thesis, a micropower 32nd order digital filter for portable audio applications is designed and implemented in a single threshold 1V CMOS process. The filter features up to 16 biquad sections with programmable coefficients and performs fixed-point computations with 16-bit resolution. The average energy consumption measured on the filter prototype is 330pJ per biquad computation. This result indicates that the implementation of complex DSP functions is possible in a single threshold, low voltage CMOS process while achieving an energy efficiency typical for implementations in multiple threshold processes. Several new architectural and circuit solutions are introduced as part of the design of this low-power, low voltage filter. The performance of different CMOS gate design styles in a low voltage process is analyzed. Some secondary effects contributing to energy consumption are identified. Emphasis is placed on energy estimation and design optimization. A simple but accurate energy estimation procedure is demonstrated.
Women and the ascetic ideal in Jainism

This is a study of Jain ethics based on 13 months of fieldwork in the town of Ladnun, Rajasthan, India. The research was conducted among a community of Terapanthi Svetambar Jains and explores the many facets of what constitutes a moral life within the Terapanthi ascetic community. Jainism's core values are ascetic. Its ethical ideals revolve around non-violence, non-possession and non-attachment. These ideals are embodied in the ascetics who, by renouncing the world to dedicate their lives to spiritual pursuits, serve as the community's cultural heroes. The central distinctions--common to all Jain communities--between ascetic and household life, between the 'spiritual' and 'worldly' and between non-violence and violence, are more sharply delineated among the Terapanthi than among any other Jain community. Their notions of what constitutes a moral life are narrowly circumscribed to include only that of complete detachment and non-violence, in other words, a life of renunciation. The ontological separation between the spiritual and the worldly is at the centre of the Terapanthi worldview. The research explores how Terapanthi religious ideals related to the lives of the ascetics who profess them. It focuses on the Terapanthi moral universe from the perspective of female renouncers. In Indian ascetic traditions, women are perceived as ambivalent symbols--both as symbols of detachment and attachment, of renunciation and worldliness. The research explores how Terapanthi Jain women create their own ascetic subjectivities, and how they construct and understand themselves as symbols of renunciation.
On auditory dynamic range

Humans can detect intensity changes of a few decibels [dB], over a contiguous range of at least 100 dB. But an auditory neuron's tone-provoked firing rate will change, on average, only over 40 dB. This smaller, neural dynamic range vanes by afferent, as do threshold, saturation rate, and spontaneous rate (rs). By rs neurons fall into 3 groups whose average thresholds differ. For each group, within the frequency band presumably serving loudness, firing-rate equations were averaged over all varying quantities. These 3 results were then averaged by relative group size, allowing inference of overall dynamic range, 82 dB at 8 kHz. Many other groupings were investigated; isolating low-s neurons extends the upper limit by only 3 dB (to 92 dB SPL). Dynamic range may be exposure-dependent. When an auditory stimulus (forward-masker) precedes a brief probe, the curve of neural response vs. probe level shifts up-level. Shifting may persist even at 100 msec post-masker for low-r s neurons (Zeng, Turner, and Relkin, 1991), given that the average relative increase of the probe's detection threshold recovers to zero much more slowly for low-rs neurons than for high-rs neurons (Relkin and Doucet 1991). If subjective detection thresholds mimic lowest neural thresholds, a cusp should appear, the auditory equivalent of a rod-cone break. But none appeared for a 2 kHz Gaussian-shaped, probe ([sigma] = 0.5 msec) centered 0-30 msec after a 200 msec, 97 dB SPL, 2 kHz tone. Next, the probe/masker intensity ratio was fixed at 20 dB, and just-detectable intensity-increments were measured for seven probe levels at three post-masker gaps (3, 80 and [infinity] msec). The results were independent of gap. A peak was ubiquitous at 70 dB SPL, as occurs for clicks. By analogy, change-detection may involve not alteration of firing-rate, but rate-of-growth of the pooled spike. count (&ap; the number of responding afferents). Distributing afferents into two disjoint threshold distributions broadens dynamic range; rate-of-growth suffers at intermediate probe levels. But this model fails for efficacious masking, and Zeng's model also appears to fail for efficacious masking. In sum, partitioning afferents into 1proups differing by average threshold does not explain auditory dynamic range for tones or brief forward-masked probes.
Remaking English in secondary schools, crossing boundaries between literature and popular culture

The boundaries that have traditionally existed between texts that are read inside the English classroom and those that are read outside the walls of the class become blurred as the theory of Cultural Studies is introduced into English curricula. This thesis explores the possibilities offered by popular culture to the ways in which students read print texts in secondary English classrooms. 'Reading' popular culture through the processes of representation, regulation, consumption, identity and production in class opens gaps in traditional curricula that allow students to engage with literature. This thesis demonstrates the possibilities for creativity, resistance and questioning in the classroom through an examination of the ways in which the study of popular music and clothing can offer a pedagogy of reading that is useful in reading the novels of Toni Morrison in the secondary English classroom.
Screening of tMTHFR, Factor V Leiden and hyperhomocyst(e)inemia, emerging prognostic factors in myocardial infarction?

Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia{HH(e)} is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), but its prognostic value in patients with established CAD, specifically myocardial infarction (MI) has not been defined. We prospectively studied the prognostic value of HH(e) among MI patients enrolled in a pilot study at Sunnybrook Health Science Centre. The consensus Canadian reference range of H(e) >=15.0 [mu]mol/L was adopted in stratifying our patients as hyperhomocyst(e)inemic or non hyperhomocyst(e)inemic. An 'in hospital ' composite outcome of death, recurrent ischemia or congestive heart failure was recorded in 37/53 patients. There were 22/53 subjects eligible for thrombolytic therapy, of which 13/22 were successfully reperfused, 9/22 were not. There was no association found between reperfusion and ' thermolabile' methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (p = 0.69) or Factor V Leiden status. Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia appears to be an independent prognostic indicator in MI. A decreased effectiveness of thrombolytic agents was observed in hyperhomocyst(e)inemic patients. However, when we compared the proportion of non-hyperhomocyst(e)inemics and hyperhomocyst(e)inemics that were successfully reperfused, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.38). Nevertheless, our study showed that MI patients having normal H(e) levels had two times an improved chance of successful reperfusion compared to subjects with an elevated H(e) level. Clearly, sample size may have been our limiting factor. We report that HH(e) may be predictive of adverse outcomes in MI.
Friendship selection patterns and quality of friendships of children with and without learning disabilities in an inclusive classroom

The purpose of the present study was to compare the friendship selection patterns and quality of friendships of children with and without learning disabilities (LD) in an exemplary inclusive classroom. The sample was comprised of 9 children with LD and 11 children without LD in a grade 4/5 full-time inclusion class with one general education teacher and one special education teacher. Compared to children without LD, children with LD nominated a comparable number of friends, and were just as likely to have those relationships corroborated by parents and teachers. Children without LD had more of their relationships reciprocated by their friends. Children in this study did not differ in terms of the characteristics of their friends, except children with LD nominated more friends from a different classroom. Children with LD reported a significantly higher level of overall quality of friendship with their 'very best friend', including more help and sharing, disclosure, and out of school companionship, as well as more conflict.