VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Molecular Synthetic Techniques for the Study of Nanoporous Materials

This dissertation documents the development of molecular synthetic techniques for the study of nanoporous materials. Chapter 1 is an introduction to nanoporous materials and reticular chemistry. The concepts to design and synthesize a wide variety of increasingly complex microporous materials for a range of potential applications are discussed. Chapter 2 introduces [12]dehydrobenzannulene ([12]DBA) as a trigonal planar molecule that is useful in approach the synthesis of graphyne materials. A new, efficient synthesis of this building block is presented. Chapter 3 presents the first synthesis of a metal-organic framework (MOF) constructed with a [12]DBA building blocks. The srs topology demonstrates how chiral frameworks can be constructed from achiral organic linkers. The double-walled framework demonstrates the ability to control the orientation of two face-to-face -stacked macrocycles using the microporous framework as a scaffold in crystal engineering. Chapter 4 further investigates the ability to modify the [12]DBA building block in order to control the orientation of two eclipsed -stacked macrocycles in a top-to-bottom fashion resulting in a novel double-walled framework with apo topology. Chapter 5 conclusively demonstrates the robustness of framework design using principles of reticular chemistry to produce a single-walled MOF by modifying the [12]DBA starting material to produce a paddlewheel secondary building unit (SBU) to yield the predicted rht topology. Chapter 6 moves into an organic class of nanoporous materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to extended to other classes of nanoporous materials an alternative form of synthesis, mechanochemical synthesis, to produce the materials predicted by reticular chemisty.

Advisor: Weimar, David E
Oracle-Guided Design and Analysis of Learning-Based Cyber-Physical Systems

We are in world where autonomous systems, such as self-driving cars, surgical robots, robotic manipulators are becoming a reality. Such systems are considered \textit{safety-critical} since they interact with humans on a regular basis. Hence, before such systems can be integrated into our day to day life, we need to guarantee their safety. Recent success in machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) has led to an increase in their use in real world robotic systems. For example, complex perception modules in self-driving cars and deep reinforcement learning controllers in robotic manipulators. Although powerful, they introduce an additional level of complexity when it comes to the formal analysis of autonomous systems. In this thesis, such systems are designated as Learning-Based Cyber-Physical Systems~(LB-CPS)./nIn this thesis, we take inspiration from the Oracle-Guided Inductive Synthesis~(OGIS) paradigm to develop frameworks which can aid in achieving formal guarantees in different stages of an autonomous system design and analysis pipeline. Furthermore, we show that to guarantee the safety of LB-CPS, the design (synthesis) and analysis (verification) must consider feedback from the other. We consider five important parts of the design and analysis process and show a strong coupling among them, namely (i) Robust Control Synthesis from High Level Safety Specifications; (ii) Diagnosis and Repair of Safety Requirements for Control Synthesis; (iii) Counter-example Guided Data Augmentation for training high-accuracy ML models; (iv) Simulation-Guided Falsification and Verification against Adversarial Environments; and (v) Bridging Model and Real-World Gap. Finally, we introduce a software toolkit \verifai{} for the design and analysis of AI based systems, which was developed to provide a common formal platform to implement design and analysis frameworks for LB-CPS.

Advisor: Seshia, Sanjit A.
Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Alberto L.
Mutiny in Hunan: Writing and Rewriting the “Warlord Era” in Early Republican Chinese History

This dissertation examines a 1920 mutiny in Pingjiang County, Hunan Province, as a way of challenging the dominant narrative of the early republican period of Chinese history, often called the “Warlord Era.” The mutiny precipitated a change of power from Tan Yankai, a classically trained elite of the pre-imperial era, to Zhao Hengti, who had undergone military training in Japan. Conventional histories interpret this transition as Zhao having betrayed his erstwhile superior Tan, epitomizing the rise of warlordism and the disintegration of traditional civilian administration; this dissertation challenges these claims by showing that Tan and Zhao were not enemies in 1920, and that no such betrayal occurred./nThese same histories also claim that local governance during this period was fundamentally broken, necessitating the revolutionary party-state of the KMT and CCP to centralize power and restore order. Though this was undeniably a period of political turmoil, with endemic low-level armed conflict, this dissertation juxtaposes unpublished material with two of the more influential histories of the era to show how this narrative has been exaggerated to serve political aims. Gradual reform and innovations like federalism have been excluded from memories of the era in favor of a return to highly centralized, autocratic rule. Tan, Zhao, and their peers were unable to adapt to the emerging mass politics of their era, and thus did not achieve the necessary publicity to make their achievements more well-known./nAnother dimension to the dissertation is its local character. At the turn of the twentieth century, Hunan was still an internal frontier, far from the more cosmopolitan coast. Moreover, it lay at the crossroads between north and south, making it geostrategically important for all those who wished to militarily conquer the whole of the former Qing empire. Those from the province, like Tan and Zhao, were convinced of their homeland’s importance, and, cognizant of the prominent political role that their predecessors played in nineteenth century, sought to emulate their example through good governance and innovative politics./nBy redirecting our attention to these local successes, however limited, and reframing our interpretation of the 1920 mutiny, this dissertation argues against the revolutionary paradigm of Chinese history to highlight an alternative possibility for how local governance could have worked, demonstrates how elite culture enabled the success of Qing elites like Tan and Zhao while preventing their later success in the mass politics era, and suggests new possibilities for future research on the politics of early Republican China.

Advisor: Yeh, Wen-hsin
Awaiting Middle Ground: Black Feminism, Disability, and Intersex in the American Biomedical and Literary Imagination

Awaiting Middle Ground contributes to Black feminist scholarship with respect to the medicalization of disability, gender, and sexuality in American biomedical and literary discourse. By shifting Disability Studies and African American Studies’ attention to sexology archives in the post-World War II era, this project provides a historiography of intersexuality as a racial project that resonates in the contemporary moment. Following the intersex protocols put into motion by sexologist Dr. John Money, I argue that Dr. Money championed patients’ narratives that disavowed embodied difference. Essentially, patients’ bodies and behaviors were medicalized and regulated toward whiteness, able-bodiedness and able-mindedness, and heterosexuality, and away from Black, disabled, and intersex difference./nSimultaneously, I examine intersex representations and disability metaphors in fiction, including Jeffrey Eugenides’ Middlesex (2002) and Alexis De Veaux’s Yabo (2014). I contend that the novels are intersex counternarratives to those produced within American biomedicine in the post-WWII era. I utilize historian Miriam Reumann’s notion of “American sexual character” to argue that dimorphic genitals and gender normativity were aspects of an American reinvestment in sexual and racial morality and able-bodiedness and able-mindedness in the face of foreign and domestic adversaries. I attend to the interrelated archives, pathological representations, intersectionality, and alliances between Black, intersex, and disabled people and fictional characters, by joining in on the conversations in Critical Intersex Studies from scholars David A. Rubin, Morgan Holmes, and Hilary Malatino; in Disability and Crip Studies from Robert McRuer and Alison Kafer; and in Black feminist disability studies from Moya Bailey and Sami Schalk./nThis interdisciplinary project draws from American medical archives, the history of science and medicine, queer theory, Black feminisms and Feminist Science Studies, and African American literary criticism to offer another interlaced genealogy of Blackness and disability. As an invitation to African American Studies, this dissertation presents a pedagogical and methodological account of other, peripheral, Black bodies and minds.

Advisor: Taylor, Ula Y
Crystal-free wireless communication with relaxation oscillators and its applications

For the last decade, the size of complete 2.4GHz wireless modules containing everything but power have stagnated at ~1cm x 1cm. This is despite continued advances in semiconductor processes due to components needed by the core communication IC. Breaking this size barrier (which also sets a power and cost barrier) by eliminating all off-chip components is the goal of the Single-Chip Mote project, of which this dissertation is a part. The major components to be eliminated are antenna, battery, and crystal oscillator. Without these components, a complete wireless module could be the size of the RFIC silicon a few millimeters on a side, or less, instead of the size of the supporting PCB./nOnce those components are eliminated, advances in process scaling will lead to another size floor defined by the size of inductors, which do not scale with process. Inductor-based oscillators also put a floor on power consumption (dictated by desired swing versus achievable inductor quality factor) and, not being representable by digital cells, cannot be part of an integrated synthesis flow./nIn light of these limitations, understanding to what extent relaxation oscillators (the non-resonant oscillator family including RC oscillators and ring oscillators) can be used for communication is necessary to establish inductor-free performance limits and, more importantly, is necessary for future Single-Chip Mote scaling./nContrary to general opinion, FSK communication systems based on free-running RF ring oscillators do not exhibit catastrophically poor performance but are capable of good packet delivery rate (PDR 99% or better) with moderately higher tone spacing compared to typical low-power wireless specifications (~2x when communicating with COTS base station, ~6x when communicating to another ring-based radio)./nMethods to work around the high jitter of rings are established; this jitter is dominated by flicker noise and is poorly represented by simulators, making accurate simulation-based design difficult. Communication and complete sensor systems can be demonstrated, and system-level chip design at the core of this work can be taught to successive generations by adopting an industrial project-based approach./nUpdates and errata to this dissertation can be found at: http://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~db/dissertation/

Advisor: Pister, Kristofer SJ
Dirac Triples for Unital AF Algebras

For a unital AF algebra A, we construct a family of triples (A, H, D) where A is represented faithfully on the Hilbert space H and D is an unbounded self-adjoint operator on H. These triples have the same properties as spectral triples except for the compact resolvent condition, so we call them Dirac triples. They serve as a generalization of Pearson-Bellissard spectral triples for an ultrametric Cantor set corresponding to choice functions. Pearson and Bellissard showed that the underlying ultrametric can be recovered by considering spectral triples associated to all choice functions. We obtain an analogue for unital AF algebras: the supremum of the Connes spectral distances induced by a large family of Dirac triples from our construction coincides with a generalized version of the Aguilar seminorm, which is a Leibniz Lip-norm for a unital AF algebra. Moreover, the convergence result of Aguilar is retained: equipped with the generalized Aguilar seminorm, a unital AF algebra is the limit of its defining finite-dimensional subalgebras for the quantum Gromov-Hausdorff propinquity.

Advisor: Rieffel, Marc A.
Development of Transition-Metal Catalysts for Selective Hydrofunctionalization of Unactivated Alkenes

The following dissertation discusses the development of transition-metal catalysts for selective hydroboration and hydroamination of unconjugated and unstrained alkenes, termed “unactivated alkenes.” These reactions proceed with high levels of enantioselectivity and, for reactions of unsymmetrical internal alkenes, with high regioselectivity./nChapter 1 is an overview of transition-metal-catalyzed hydrofunctionalization of unactivated alkenes. This review focuses on the challenges and strategies for achieving asymmetric hydroamination and hydroboration of unactivated alkenes, particularly unactivated internal alkenes. Mechanistic aspects of these reactions are also discussed. The summary of previous literature precedents highlights how the work described in this dissertation fills knowledge gaps in this field./nChapter 2 describes the development of copper-catalyzed regioselective and enantioselective hydroboration of unsymmetrical internal alkenes. This process, coupled with a series of subsequent stereospecific transformations of the enantioenriched hydroboration products, constitutes a formal hydrofunctionalization that efficiently converts internal alkenes to a diverse set of enantioenriched compounds with distinct functional groups./nChapter 3 describes the mechanistic study of the copper-catalyzed asymmetric hydroboration of alkenes. A comprehensive study by both experiment and computation reveals the fundamental principles that govern the efficiency of the copper catalysts for reactions with alkenes and selectivity observed for the alkene hydroboration./nChapter 4 describes the development of new bisphosphine ligands for asymmetric hydroboration of 1,1-disubstituted alkenes. Trimethylgermanyl groups on the bisphosphine ligand significantly increase enantioselectivity of the hydroboration of 1,1-disubstituted alkenes. In addition, this new set of ligands forms a catalyst that is highly active toward the hydroboration of unactivated 1,2-disubstituted alkenes./nChapter 5 describes the development of copper-catalyzed formal hydroamination of unsymmetrical internal alkenes. Similar to the hydroboration discussed in Chapter 2, the hydroamination occurs with high enantioselectivity and regioselectivity. This work revealed that the polar functional groups proximal to the alkene controlled the regioselectivity through inductive effects./nChapter 6 describes the development of iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydroamination of unactivated internal alkenes. A combination of a cationic iridium complex and 2-amino-6-methylpyridine, was essential to the development of the hydroamination. This is the first example of a direct, highly enantioselective addition of an N-H bond to an unactivated internal alkene.

Advisor: Hartwig, John F.
Intra-Action, Emergence, and Community-Making in the Industrial Far West: Archaeological Investigations at a Santa Cruz County Lime Kiln, 1858-1909

This dissertation explores the ways in which a diverse workforce negotiated differences and formed novel labor communities within the strictures of nineteenth century industrial quicklime production in Santa Cruz County, California. These issues are examined through archaeological and historical research at the Samuel Adams Lime Kiln complex, a small pluralistic company town in operation between 1858 and 1909 in the western foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains. The history of the Samuel Adams site is one marked by transformations in ownership, management practices, and workforce demography. As such, it was a dynamic landscape where notions of ethnicity, class, gender, and labor were constantly being negotiated and (re)defined./nThe archaeological findings of this work indicate that the particularities of early industrial work-life in the American Far West facilitated intimate and sustained encounters between diverse groups of laborers. These pluralistic encounters necessitated negotiations and collaborations across differences, which resulted in the emergence of new ways of doing and being. Rather than seeing social groups as fixed and pre-defined, I explore the ways in which novel labor communities were co-constituted and emergent through intra-action. I argue that it was in the processes of negotiating alterity and the resulting co-creation of new social-material practices that novel connections were created between workers and community boundaries were reconfigured and reimagined. Instead of being impeded by pluralism, I contend that cultural diversity actively promoted the construction of novel labor communities at early industrial sites. Moreover, these emergent relations and nascent communities of practice forged the necessary connections for later union formation and collective action in the Santa Cruz lime industry./nTo explore these ideas, I engage with new materialist theories that position materials as vibrant and agentive in the constitution of the social-material world. As such, archaeological materials are examined not as static reflections or products of culture change, but as active participants in the dynamic processes of social entanglement that worked to reshape social practices, relations, connections, and meanings at the Samuel Adams site. This work illustrates that industrial sites, which have long been recognized as places of control and exploitation, were also important pluralistic spaces of social-material encounter, negotiation, entanglement, and emergence. These sites, therefore, were spaces of creativity, collaboration, and community-making.

Advisor: Wilkie, Laurie A.
Minangkabau Intellectuals and Radical Nationalism in British Malaya

This study focuses on three intellectuals and political activists of Indonesian, specifically Minangkabau, origin as seen within the context of Malay nationalist politics. The first figure is Dr. Burhanuddin al-Helmy, an Islamic thinker and the leader of various Malay political organizations. Among his positions, the most important was as President of Partai Kebangsaan Melayu Malaya/PKMM (Malay National Party of Malaya/MNP), the strongest and the largest Malay leftist political party. The second figure is Ahmad Boestamam, an acclaimed journalist, literary writer, and political activist, who is most closely associated with Angkatan Pemuda Insaf/API (Generation of Aware Youth), a militant and radical Malay youth organization and originally the youth wing of the PKMM. The third is Khatijah Sidek, a woman activist who led women’s organizations both in Indonesia and Malaya. In West Sumatra, she led a school, and developed and led a militia of 1000 women soldiers. Her most important position in Malaya was as the leader of Kaum Ibu, the women’s wing of the United Malay National Organization (UMNO). This dissertation argues that these three Minangkabau intellectuals were consequential and influential in Malay politics. In Malaya, the three activists were influenced by their Indonesian/Minangkabau political tradition, and in their careers, they followed a common pattern. Despite their efforts to adopt the Indonesian strategies of struggle, the three nationalists were unable to achieve the same results as their contemporaries in Indonesia. I also argue that their limitations, and the lack of success of the radical movement in Malaya, was due to differences in the historical, colonial contexts and economic policies in the region, as well as in the socio-cultural milieu between Malaya and Indonesia.

Advisor: Zinoman, Peter
Abdullah, Taufik
Policies for an Ecological Civilization

China’s ecological civilization concept claims a new, Chinese model of promoting economic growth while reducing environmental pollution at the same time. This dissertation uses interdisciplinary methods to analyze two of China’s flagship ecological civilization policies, the national carbon market and the Belt and Road Initiative. While the national carbon market exemplifies China’s changing approach to domestic environmental policy, the Belt and Road Initiative is carrying the Chinese model of ecological civilization overseas. The first part of this dissertation focuses on China’s national carbon market. I use a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to assess the interactions between a national carbon market and China’s ongoing structural economic transition, thereby yielding macro-scale evidence and policy suggestions for how China can fulfill ecological civilization goals of increasing GDP while reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Next, I investigate the carbon market from a qualitative perspective, assessing how emissions accounting is used as a foundation for policy-making. I also explore the capacity building community that sustains the carbon market, asking broader questions about how Chinese neoliberalism informs the formation of the national carbon market. The second part of this dissertation focuses on the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), situating it in the context of leakage, or relocation of production in response to environmental regulation. Through a novel empirical study, I test the assumption that BRI projects may be better or worse for the environment than other sources of finance. I then explore potential mechanisms of Chinese overseas finance exceptionalism, informing ongoing policy and advocacy debates about how to engage with the growing scale of China’s overseas investment.

Advisor: Anthoff, David
Performance Guarantees in Learning and Robust Control

As the systems we control become more complex, first-principle modeling becomes either impossible or intractable, motivating the use of machine learning techniques for the control of systems with continuous action spaces. As impressive as the empirical success of these methods have been, strong theoretical guarantees of performance, safety, or robustness are few and far between. This manuscript takes a step towards such providing such guarantees by establishing finite-data performance guarantees for identifying and controlling fully- or partially-unknown dynamical systems./nIn this manuscript, we explore three different viewpoints that each provide different quantitative guarantees of performance. First, we present a generalization of the classical theory of integral quadratic constraints. This generalization leads to a tractable computational procedure for finding exponential stability certificates for partially-unknown feedback systems. Second, we present non-asymptotic lower and upper bounds for core problems in the field of system identification. Finally, using the recently developed system-level synthesis framework and tools from high-dimensional statistics, we establish finite-sample performance guarantees for robust output-feedback control of an unknown dynamical system.

Advisor: Recht, Benjamin