VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Irish journalists and litterateurs in late Victorian London, c. 1870-1910

This thesis is an exploration of Irish literary emigration to London in the nineteenth century, with particular reference to the 1880s and 1890s. These two decades witnessed a conflict between two generations of Irish emigrant writers and it is this conflict which forms the basis of the thesis. On the one hand were those emigrants - T.P. O'Connor, Justin McCarthy and R. Barry O'Brien - who typified the Irish literary defection to London in the nineteenth century, moving to England for a mixture of political, social, economic and cultural reasons. They were nationalists, but, like most Irish literary emigrants before them, they integrated themselves with British political and cultural life, developing a 'mixed' political-cultural identity in which British elements - principally Liberalism - were at play as well as Irish ones. By the 1880s they were well established in the world of Liberal London and played a prominent role in the Liberal Home Rule campaign of 1886-92. In these years, however, a new generation of Irish literary emigrants arrived in London - men like W.P. Ryan and D.P. Moran - and they were to be influenced by the Irish cultural revival rather than British Liberalism, becoming involved in the Southwark Irish Literary Club, the Irish Literary Society and the London Gaelic League during the 1880s and 1890s. Coming into contact with the 'Home Rule' writers, this 'Revival' generation would see their forerunners, with their 'mixed' identities, as Irishmen who had compromised culturally, who were essentially Anglicised. These cultural 'warnings' helped stimulate the cultural nationalism of the younger men, who, in the early 1900s, rejected the example of the 'Home Rule' generation and the longstanding pattern of cultural assimilation that they represented, by returning to Ireland and working for the Gaelic revival there. In doing so they illustrated the contrasting ways in which emigration to London could affect Irish litterateurs in the late nineteenth century.

Advisor: Foster, R
Global optimisation of communication protocols for bulk synchronous parallel computation

In the Bulk Synchronous Parallel (or BSP) model of parallel communication represented by BSPlib, the relaxed coupling of the global computation, communication and synchronisation, whilst providing a definite semantics, does not prescribe exactly when and where communication is to be carried out during the computation. It merely states that it cannot happen before requested by the application and that at certain points local computation cannot proceed unless updates have been applied from the other participating processors.
The nature of the computation and this framework is open to exploitation by the implementation of the runtime system and can be made to suit particular physical environments without requiring application program changes. This bulk and global view of parallel computation can be used to implement protocols that both maintain and take into account global state for optimising performance. Such global protocols can provide performance improvements which are not easily achieved with local and greedy strategies and may in turn be locally sub-optimal.
This global perspective and the exploitable nature of BSP computation is applied to congestion avoidance, transport layer protocols suitable for BSP computation, global stable check-pointing, and work process placement and migration, to achieve a better overall performance.
An important consideration for the compositionality of parallel computer systems into larger systems is that in order for the composite to exhibit good performance, the individual components must also do so. However, it is not obvious how the individual components contribute to the global performance. Already mentioned is that non-locally optimal strategies might lead to globally optimal performance, but also of importance is that variance observed at the local level also influences performance. A number of decisions in the transport protocol design and implementations have been made in order that the observed variance in the protocol's behaviour is minimised. It is demonstrated why this is required using the BSP model. The analysis also suggests a regression technique which can be applied to sampled global performance data.
Essays in consumption habits and the environment

The dynamics of demand for energy goods such as gasoline are complicated by investment decisions and behavioral habits. Both types of complication can be captured by a habits model, in which past consumption enters into an agent's current utility function. If the agent is forward-looking, or 'rational', then habits imply his consumption of the habit-forming good will be sensitive to his expectation of future market conditions, in particular future prices. This sensitivity implies, in turn, that demand and price elasticity will depend upon price volatility, and that the agent will respond differently to different types of price changes. Price elasticity measured over the mixture of price changes that occur in a given market will therefore underestimate the power of policy instruments that act through permanent or long-run price changes.
This thesis examines the implications of rational habits on demand behavior in a multi-good setting, drawing motivation from and considering applications to gasoline demand. Chapter 1 introduces the theory of rational habits, examines a simple perfect-foresight model, and uses microeconometric techniques to look at an application to U.S. gasoline demand. Chapter 2 builds a theory model in which agents have rational habits and future prices are uncertain. The implications of this model are then utilized in Chapter 3, which uses macro-type econometric techniques to test for rational habits in international gasoline demand. The empirical evidence suggests that rational habits may indeed shape demand for gasoline and that traditionally-measured price elasticity should not be used to project consumers' responses to policy interventions.

Keywords: petrol demand
rational habits
gasoline demand
Advisor: Browning, M
Muellbauer, J
Adaptive deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease: closed loop stimulation for Parkinson's.

Our understanding of the pathophysiology Parkinson’s disease has transformed over the last decade as we have come to appreciate the importance of changes in neuronal firing pattern that occur within the motor network in the dopamine deficient state. These changes in firing pattern, particularly increased synchrony result in oscillations that can be recorded as local field potentials. This thesis concerns itself with the study of beta oscillations which are characteristic of Parkinson’s disease. Firstly, I investigate whether beta oscillations play a pathophysiological role in Parkinson’s disease or whether they are purely epiphenomenal by augmenting beta with low frequency deep brain stimulation. In this study I show that rigidity is increased by ~25% with low frequency stimulation providing significant further evidence for a patho-physiological role of beta in Parkinson’s disease. Next I investigate whether beta oscillations correlate with Parkinsonian severity at rest and could therefore potentially be used as a biomarker of clinical state. I demonstrate that the variability of beta amplitude recorded from the subthalamic nucleus strongly correlates with symptom severity at rest and also in response to levodopa administration. I then use beta amplitude as a biomarker for a trial of adaptive deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease. I show that by using beta amplitude to control stimulation, time on stimulation is reduced by >50% but despite this, clinical outcome is improved by 25% relative to conventional continuous high frequency stimulation. Finally, I investigate the bilateral subcortical beta network and its response to levodopa. I report statistically significant bilateral functional connectivity in the beta range which is driven by phase locking and modulated by levodopa in the low beta range with implications for bilateral adaptive deep brain stimulation. These findings further our understanding of the pathophysiological role of beta oscillations in Parkinson’s disease and provide new avenues for treatment development.

Keywords: deep brain stimulation
parkinsons
Advisor: Brown, P
The systematics of Emerald moths (Geometridae, Geometrinae)

The monophyly of the Geometrinae is examined by investigating the green wing pigment and morphology of the tympanal (hearing) organs. The green colour of Geometrinae is caused by a single pigment, here termed geoverdin, located in the scales. Analysis of this pigment indicates that it is neither a bile pigment nor a derivative of chlorophyll. A method developed for taxonomic comparison of lepidopteran pigments and based on a chromatographic profiling technique is presented. The morphology of geometrid tympanal organs is described and an apomorphy for the Geometrinae, the distinctive shape of the ansa, is proposed. The value of the taxonomic literature on the Geometrinae is assessed in terms of its ability to identify internal monophyletic groups.
A taxonomic revision of the genus Oospila Warren is presented, in which the neotropical genera Auophylla Warren, Auophyllodes Prout, Halioscia Warren, Oospila Warren, Oospiloma Prout, Progonodes Warren and Racheolopha Warren are united into a single genus. Phylogenetic analysis is used to demonstrate the monophyly of the revised genus Oospila and to assess relationships between species groups within it. The revised genus Oospila is defined as a monophyletic group supported by two apomorphic characters: the form of the abdominal crests and the presence of an anellar complex produced by the fusion of the juxta and transtilla. Sixty-six species of Oospila are treated, of which three are described as new. One new subspecies is also described. Forty-eight species group names are synonymised, and 16 species are recombined with Oospila.
Once called Albion

This thesis considers late thirteenth and early fourteenth century insular history writing in the vernaculars in its multilingual, codicological, and historical contexts. It seeks to explicate the changes in insular historiography after the conquest of Wales and amidst the ongoing Scottish wars. The dominant mode of history writing during this period shifted: the texts examined in the thesis are 'derivative texts', complex assemblages of translations from numerous source texts, compiled and combined into unique, original works. Revising current notions of scribal competency, and arguing for a wider consideration of scribal authorship are fundamental aims of the thesis. By demonstrating the diverse and sophisticated textual lexicons of the authors of derivative texts, the thesis exposes vernacular historiographies as learned productions, written for learned audiences, engaged in intertextual dialogue with more 'authoritative' Latin historiography. Medieval translation is explored throughout, in an attempt to broaden an understanding of the term to include textual and ideological transposition, and overwrite 'compilation' as an acceptable description of these sophisticated and politically engaged texts.
Chapter 1 examines the Anonymous Short English Metrical Chronicle as a derivative text, situating the work in its historical context of Edward I's appeals to historiography on the Scottish question at the end of the thirteenth century. Chapter 2 is a detailed study of the chronicles of Robert Mannyng and Pierre Langtoft, arguing for the sophistication of the texts, and complexifying previously monolithic ideas of ethnicity and 'Englishness' in the chronicles. Chapter 3 focuses on the Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester, providing a comprehensive introduction to the text, and offering readings of the ideological agenda of its derivative methodology. Chapter 4 investigates London, College of Arms, MS Arundel 58, a mid-fifteenth century manuscript of Robert of Gloucester's Chronicle with unique and substantive prose interpolations, considering the physical processes by which derivative texts were written.

Advisor: Hudson, A
The thermal accommodation of helium and argon on hot tungsten

Experiments are described in which the momentum flux of gas atoms, remitted normal to the surface of a hot clean tungsten ribbon immersed in a low pressure of helium or argon, is measured with a torsion balance and the thermal accommodation coefficient deduced. Data are presented in which the tungsten temperature range was 700 to 1900 K for helium and 1100 to 1700 K for argon.
If it is assumed that the normal remitted momentum flux is that expected on assumption of the cosine emission relation, accommodation coefficients much larger (and for argon physically impossible) than those found previously by other workers are implied. A model is proposed which assumes that atoms impinging on and remitted from the hot tungsten ribbon conserve momentum in directions parallel to the surface. This results in a remitted flux, in the direction of the normal, greater than the cosine relation would predict. The resulting accommodation coefficients are then of the same order as those found using the total heat loss method. The method here reported is believed to be novel. Its accuracy increases with the temperature of the hot solid. It permits the measurement of translational thermal accommodation without relying on the temperature coefficient of resistance of the solid and hence is applicable to alloys and to non-metals. For metals., which have a normal temperature coefficient of resistance, the method allows translational accommodation to be measured and internal energy accommodation to be deduced.
The determinant method and applications

The thesis is structured into 5 chapters as follows:
Chapter 1 is an introduction to the tools and methods we use most frequently.
Chapter 2 Pairs of k-free Numbers, consecutive square-full Numbers. In this chapter, we refine the approximate determinant method by Heath-Brown. We present applications to asymptotic formulas for consecutive k-free integers, and more generally for k-free integers represented by r-tuples of linear forms. We also show how the method can be used to derive an upper bound for the number of consecutive square-full integers. Finally, we apply the method to make a statement about the size of the fundamental solution of Pell equations.
Chapter 3 Power-Free Values of Polynomials. A conjecture by ErdŐs states that for any irreducible polynomial f of degree d≥3 with no fixed (d-1)-th power prime divisor, there are infinfinitely many primes p such that f(p) is (d-1)-free. We prove this conjecture and derive the corresponding asymptotic formulas.
Chapter 4 Integer Points on Bilinear and Trilinear Equations. In the fourth chapter, we derive upper bounds for the number of integer solutions on bilinear or trilinear forms.
Chapter 5 In the fifth chapter, we present a method to count the monomials that occur in the projective determinant method when the method is applied to cubic varieties.

Keywords: determinant method
square-free
polynomials
trilinear
multilinear
forms
power-free
bilinear
Advisor: Heath-Brown, D
The literary career of George Gascoigne

My thesis seeks to offer a reinterpretation of George Gascoigne's literary career by interrogating the means by which he manipulated his self-presentation in print. The Introduction defines the context for this study by outlining the received version of his career, that of the prodigal who underwent a moral reformation in 1575 and wrote only moralistic works thereafter. I question Gascoigne's inclusion with the Drab poets by suggesting that his more courtly personae co-existed with his predominant selfpresentation as repentant prodigal.
The subsequent discussion falls into a broadly chronological structure. Chapter I surveys the range of self-presentations and authorial voices in the early works and concludes with a discussion of Gascoigne's first publication, the anonymous A Hundreth Sundrie Flowres (1573), in which they were presented as the work of several authors. Chapter II examines Gascoigne's publications in 1575, conventionally considered the turning point in his career, with the Posies and the Glasse of Government, his Prodigal Son play. These are set against his anonymous publication of the Noble Arte in June and his performances before the Queen at Kenilworth in July.
Gascoigne gave his presentation manuscript ofHemetes to Elizabeth as a New Year gift in 1576. Chapter III examines all of Gascoigne's literary activity in that year, as he continued to develop a portfolio of moralistic titles but also published his account of the Princely Pleasures, continuing the series of anonymous courtly publications. Late in the year, Gascoigne travelled to Paris and then Antwerp, and on his return published an anonymous account of the sacking of that city, the Spoyle of Antwerpe. Chapter IV discusses Gascoigne's New Year gifts in 1577, the year of his death. These are a second presentation manuscript for Elizabeth, the Grief of Joye, and a presentation letter to Sir Nicholas Bacon.
A re-evaluation of the evidence of Anglian-British interaction in the Lincoln region

This thesis offers an interdisciplinary approach to the period between c. AD 400 and 650 in the Lincoln region, considering in depth not only the archaeological evidence, but also the historical, literary and linguistic. It is argued that by using all of this material together, significant advances can be made in our understanding of what occurred in these centuries, most especially with regard to Anglian-British interaction in this period. It is contended that this evidence, when taken together, requires that a British polity named *Lindēs was based at Lincoln into the sixth century, and that the seventh-century Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Lindsey (Old English Lindissi < Late British *Lindēs-) had an intimate connection to this British political unit. In addition to investigating the evidence for Anglian-British interaction in this region and the potential legacies of British *Lindēs, this thesis also provides a detailed analysis of the nature of the Anglo-Saxon population-groups that were present in the Lincoln region from the mid-fifth century onwards, including those of *Lindēs-Lindissi and also more southerly groups, such as the Spalde/Spaldingas. The picture which emerges is arguably not simply of importance from the perspective of the history of the Lincoln region but also nationally, helping to answer key questions regarding the origins of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, the nature and extent of Anglian-British interaction in the core areas of Anglo-Saxon immigration, and the conquest and settlement of Northumbria.

Keywords: Anglo-Saxons
history (Anglo-Saxon Period)
place-names
archaeology (Anglo-Saxon Period)
Lincolnshire
Britons
Advisor: Hamerow, H
Socio-legal integration of Polish post-2004 EU enlargement migrants in the United Kingdom

After the Enlargement of the European Union in 2004, around a million Accession State migrants arrived in the United Kingdom, with Polish migrants constituting the largest group. There is a growing body of literature focusing on their migratory patterns, networks, labour market performance, and identity. However, little has been said so far about the Polish migrants' relationship with law in the United Kingdom.
This thesis asks: how do the Polish post-2004 EU Enlargement migrants form their relationship with the law, and what are the factors that affect this? It focuses on the intricacies of migrants' choices of `semi-legal' over legal status, subsequent legalization strategies, and the interpretations of legality they result in.
Socio-legal integration has so far been viewed solely via state legal frameworks, following the traditional approach of the law-first′perspective.Thisthesisarguest
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ecidethenatureofmigrants′semi-≤galrelationshipwithlaw∈thehostsociety.Amorecomprehensive∈sight∫othesocio-≤gal∫egrationofmigrantsispossib≤onlywhenwecomb∈e∈theanalysisthe∫erplaybetweenthestructuralfac→rsofthehostcountry′s≤galenvironment,migrants′a≥ncyandthect̲urallyderivedvalues,aitudes,behaviourandsocialexpectations→wardsthelawanditsenforcement.Thethesis∴makesacaseforaproper' recognition of migrants' legal culture in the study of their socio-legal integration.
The thesis concludes that semi-legality, as an initial response to the legal environment is not static, but changing. As a result, migrants' socio-legal integration is extended in time and gradual. Migrants' legality could be discussed at two levels - at the behavioural level and at the level of a value. Changing status between the two poles of legality and illegality brings with it greater appreciation of legality as a value. This research presents a strong argument that the relationship between behaviour and attitudes to law could be meaningfully investigated in an applied domain of the new socio-legal environment.

Keywords: migration
Polish
socio-legal
EU enlargement
integration
Advisor: Kurkchiyan, M
Phosphorylation and distribution of High-Mobility Group protein HMGN1 in the context of Immediate-Early (IE) gene induction

Eukaryotic genomes are highly organized and packaged into chromatin, a complex structure formed of proteins and DNA, in which the basic repeating unit is the nucleosome. Chromatin can be arranged in condensed or relaxed structures influencing accessibility of proteins that regulate transcription, replication, recombination and repair. One class of transiently chromatin-associated proteins is the High-Mobility Group (HMG) protein family. HMG proteins are subdivided into three subgroups: HMGA, HMGB and HMGN. HMGN1, the subject of this study, is a prominent member of the HMGN (High-Mobility Group Nucleosome-binding) protein family, the only HMG proteins that specifically binds to the nucleosomes. HMGNs are maintained in dynamic balance between nucleosome-associated and nucleosome-free pools. Regulation of chromatin involves several enzymatic activities that modify specific residues on chromatin proteins, which may influence these interactions. While associated with nucleosomes, HMGNs can interfere with some modifications of histone tails. Modification of HMGN1 on specific residues and post-translational modification (PTM) of histones are concomitantly regulated by the complex signalling networks associated with the induction of immediate early (IE) genes. Induction of IE genes is associated with phosphorylation of HMGN1 which has been suggested to increase the rate of dissociation of HMGN1 from the nucleosome, thus allowing access and modification of histone tails. My research has been focused on characterizing HMGN1 isoforms present in different cellular compartments and at different time-points during IE gene induction with various stimuli, including epidermal growth factor (EGF), anisomycin (An) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Furthermore, I investigated the localization of HMGN1 within the nucleus and at specific IE gene loci, especially at sites where post-translationally modified histones are localised. In my analysis only the phosphorylation at serine 6 of HMGN1 shows a correlation with gene induction. Analysis of DNA sequences from chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) has shown that HMGN1 is present at equal levels in active and inactive genes. It appears that HMGN1 localization on DNA is not dictated by a particular preference for any gene elements such as promoters, exons, introns or gene termination sequences.