VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
The differential Europeanisation of Central and Eastern Europe, 1989-2000: a constructivist study of the foreign policy identities of Poland, Bulgaria and Russia

The thesis addresses the puzzle of the differential integration of former communist states in the Euro-Atlantic community of nations between 1989 and 2000. Notwithstanding the predominant universalist-rationalist assumption that the adoption of an institutional-administrative blueprint for reform could lead to convergence between East and West, countries such as Poland, Bulgaria and Russia did not converge similarly (or at all) on the West European normative model and framework of international relations.
To account for this divergence, the thesis examines the impact of the culturally-historically informed, Polish, Bulgarian and Russian identities and conceptions of 'Europe' (as opposed to the formal-institutional transition from one system to another) on the process of foreign policy transformation. The doctoral research employs Constructivism, Social Psychological insights and an interpretivist methodology, drawing on 75 elite interviews.
The main argument states that differential Europeanisation can be understood on the basis of differentiated levels of inclusion and establishment of relations of mutual recognition and belongingness – ¬substantiated by a differentiated extent of ideational affinity (i.e., normative compatibility), which are (re)enacted in the interactive, mutually constitutive process of identification between Self and Other (i.e., between Poland, Bulgaria and Russia and (Western) Europe). Three propositions of 'thick', 'ambivalent' and 'thin' Europeanisation are derived from the argument (whereby the comparative benchmark of Europeanisation is an ideal-typical model of European-ness).
Key contributions focus on the development of a refined Constructivist theory and a systematic empirical comparison of Polish, Bulgarian and Russian foreign policy identities. Also, the study’s conclusions reinvigorate and reconfirm the importance of the continuity (rather than just constant flux) of culturally-historically shaped patterns of group self-understandings and sub-regional identifications as well as Constructivism’s greater plausibility in accounting for the research puzzle than (Neoclassical) Realism through the stipulation of a mutually constitutive relationship between international and domestic factors and between ideational and interest-based considerations.

Keywords: Russia
Ideas
International and domestic factors
Constructivism
Foreign Policy
Interests
Interpretivism
Poland
Realism
Europeanisation
Social Psychology
Bulgaria
Identities
Advisor: MacFarlane, N
Application of combined power and thrust capping to tidal turbine farms

As an important form of renewable energy, tidal energy is challenged by many factors including its high cost and potential environmental concerns. This thesis is aimed to contribute to the development of tidal energy by introducing an operation strategy that is able to reduce the capital cost and environmental impacts of extracting tidal energy. This thesis considers the optimal strategy for the design and operation of tidal stream turbine farms. Such operation strategy aims to reduce the capital cost of tidal turbine farms by reducing the maximum power and thrust loading. In addition, this strategy can potentially reduce the environmental impacts with the cost of reducing a certain amount of overall power production.
Because of the advantages in computation time and ease in interpreting results, an idealised 0D model is used first to explore the effectiveness of implicating power and thrust capping (i.e. limiting the peak power and peak thrust of the turbines) to a tidal turbine farms. In addition, the impact brought by tidal turbine support structures to the tidal energy farm and the local flow field is considered by this idealised 0D model.
The power and thrust capping strategy is further explored by using a 2D Shallow Water Equations (SWEs) model based on one real candidate tidal energy site locating at North Scotland, the Pentland Firth. The impact of power and thrust capping on power production and on the environmental impacts are further evaluated in detail. Different combination of power capping and thrust capping are also evaluated. The effects of combined power and thrust capping are believed to be representative. However, the detailed setting (i.e. choice of capping ratio) are very likely to be site specific and thus more specific analysis would be required for the capping strategy to be applied to other potential tidal energy sites.
The results suggest that a combined power and thrust capping strategy is beneficial to a tidal turbine farms in terms of optimising power production, reducing capital cost and reducing environmental impacts, and therefore should be adopted in the design of tidal stream turbine farms.

Advisor: Adcock, T
Women in British Nonconformity, circa 1880-1920, with special reference to the Society of Friends, Baptist Union and Salvation Army

The reclamation and analysis of women's experiences within three Nonconformist denominations is the focus of this thesis. The first chapter places each denomination in its social and theological context, and describes its governing structures. The bulk of the thesis is devoted to situating women within this context and examining the ways in which women sought representation within male-dominated governing structures.
Chapter two examines the conflict between Friends' egalitarian theology and women's lack of governing power. Although women Friends gained access to the governing body of the Society, the issue of equality remained problematic. The chapter finishes with a discussion of the Society's split over women's suffrage. The Baptist Zenana Mission is the focus of the third chapter. Zenana missionaries claimed spiritual and imperial authority over "native" women and used the languages of separate spheres to carve out a vocation for single women in keeping with denominational norms. In so doing, they marginalised the work done by missionary wives. The fourth chapter begins with an examination of the life and theology of Catherine Booth, whose contribution to the Salvation Army is often neglected. Catherine advocated women's ministry in terms that validated both "women's work for women" and public preaching. This chapter looks at the appeal of officership for women, especially the empowering experiences of salvation and holiness, and charts the growth of the Women's Social Work. Despite the Army's egalitarian theology, conflict was felt by women officers who struggled to combine corps and family duties.
The final chapter briefly examines idealised representations of women to conclude that their defining power, while significant, was by no means hegemonic.

Keywords: Salvation
Baptist
Society
Union
Friends
church
churches
Quaker
Nonconformity
army
Protestants
women
British
Dissenters
Quakers
Advisor: Howarth, J
Progressivism, agriculture and conservation in the Cape Colony circa 1902-1908

This thesis looks at concepts of progress and agricultural deveIopment in the Cape Colony in the aftermath of the South African War (1899-1902). The first decade of the twentieth century was one of economic crisis. War was followed by a severe depression exacerbated by a slump in the diamond industry, which prompted doubts about the longevity of the country’s mineral resources. It was also a period of recurrent drought which aroused concerns about food security and criticisms about the Colony’s reliance on imported victuals and primary products such as timber. In this context, self-professed ‘progressive’ politicians and commercial farmers looked to the land as the most viable source of national wealth. Politically this period was dominated by Leander Starr Jameson’s Progressive Party, which held office from February 1904 until February 1908. The thesis analyses how this Party, usually associated with mining capital and Rhodes’s legacy, deliberately promoted itself as the progenitor of agricultural progressivism in terms of its rhetoric and the policies it pursued. Agricultural amelioration was linked to conservation. Scientific methods and systematic land management strategies were advocated to protect and enhance scarce water resources, soil fertility and pastures on which the rural economy depended. The state positioned itself as the provider of scientific expertise and introduced legislation to promote and regulate the agricultural economy and environment. The Cape was influenced in part by conservationist developments, which occurred contemporaneously in Australia and, in particular, in the United States. Historians of American history have identified the early twentieth century there as the ‘Progressive Era’. This thesis explores the scientific links that emerged between the governments of these two countries and argues that the Cape too self-consciously promoted itself as a progressive state with agricultural development and conservation constructed as two of the principal pillars of progress.

Keywords: progressivism
agricultural
Hope
Good
Colony
South
conservation
agriculture
Cape
Advisor: Beinart, W
The kinds of mathematical objects

The Kinds of Mathematical Objects is an exploration of the taxonomy of the mathematical realm and the metaphysics of mathematical objects. I defend antireductionism about cardinals and ordinals: the view that no cardinal number and no ordinal number is a set. Instead, I suggest, cardinals and ordinals are sui generis abstract objects, essentially linked to specific abstraction functors (higher-order functions corresponding to operators in abstraction principles). Sets, in contrast, are not essentially values of abstraction functors: the best explanation of the nature of sethood is given by a variation on the standard iterative account. I further defend the theses that no cardinal number is an ordinal number and that the natural numbers are, as Frege maintained, all and only the finite cardinal numbers. My case for these conclusions relies not on the well-known antireductionist argument developed by Paul Benacerraf, but on considerations about ontological dependence. I argue that, given generally accepted principles about the dependence of a set on its elements, ordinal and cardinal numbers have dependence profiles that are not compatible with any version of set-theoretic ontological reductionism. In addition, a formal framework for set theory with sui generis abstract objects is developed on a type-theoretical basis. I give a philosophical defence of the choice of type theory and discuss various questions relating to the nature of its models.

Keywords: mathematical ontology
reductionism
Advisor: Halbach, V
Williamson, T
Structure, metamorphism, and tectonics of the northern Oman-UAE ophiolite and underlying metamorphic sole

Ophiolites—thrust sheets of oceanic lithosphere that have been emplaced onto the continental margin—provide the opportunity to explore the structure and genesis of oceanic crust. As many ophiolites formed above subduction zones, they also allow for the investigation of mantle wedge and subduction interface processes. This the- sis examines the Oman-United Arab Emirates (UAE) ophiolite, which is the largest and most intensely studied ophiolite on Earth. Three distinct problems are addressed. (1) Recent research has proposed that the architecture and tectonic evolution of the ophiolite in the UAE differs from in Oman. In Chapter 2, I test this hypothesis by integrating new geological mapping and field observations with previously published maps of the ophiolite in the UAE. My results indicate that the ophiolite is gently folded, but otherwise largely intact. I demonstrate that the architecture of the ophi- olite in the UAE is not significantly different from in Oman. Thus, there is no basis for a different tectonic evolution as recently proposed. (2) Observations from exper- iments and small-scale natural shear zones indicate that volumetrically-minor phases can control strain localization. In Chapter 3, I test the hypothesis that minor phases control strain-localisation at plate boundaries. To do so, I analyzed peridotites from the base of the ophiolite, a palaeosubduction interface. My results demonstrate that minor phases limited olivine grain growth, which led to rheological weakening. (3) The mechanisms by which metamorphic soles detached from the downgoing slab and accreted to the hanging-wall mantle is unclear. In Chapter 4, I examine a transect across the metamorphic sole in the UAE. My results reveal that granulite formation was more extensive than is typically considered. I propose that granulite formation resulted in rheological strengthening, which caused the subduction interface to migrate into the downgoing slab and accrete the metamorphic sole.

Keywords: subduction zone
electron backscatter diffraction
tectonics
structural geology
metamorphic sole
metamorphic petrology
microstructure
Oman UAE ophiolite
Advisor: Searle, M
Waters, D
Deformation mechanism of twinning-detwinning of wrought and constrained groove pressing processed magnesium AZ31B alloy

Magnesium alloys have attracted great interest in the 21st century as ultra lightweight metallic structural materials with outstanding mechanical properties. AZ31B alloy is one of the most widely used magnesium wrought alloys in sheet form for which twinning, a dominant plastic deformation mechanism at room temperature, remains less well understood than crystal slip. The main objective of this thesis is to advance, both experimentally and numerically, the understanding of the mechanism and the conditions of the twinning-detwinning (TDT) process, and the influence of these processes on the mechanical deformation response of magnesium AZ31B alloy in the wrought and constrained groove pressing (CGP) processed conditions.
To achieve this goal in the present study, new applications of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) analysis were developed for two strain evaluation techniques. In the context of the Focused Ion Beam (FIB)-DIC micro-ring-core method of residual stress evaluation, platinum deposition at the sample surface in the Scanning Electron Microscope vacuum chamber led to a dramatic improvement of the correlation accuracy. Another new approach was proposed to track the strain-induced changes in the Debye-Scherrer rings on 2D powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns using DIC (referred to as XRD-DIC) allowing to minimise the error and increase the efficiency of obtaining the full in-plane strain information.
The effect of twinning on the deformation asymmetry was studied by ex situ XRD on a bent bar of wrought sample. The asymmetry of twinning was shown to lead to the variation in the plastic strain accommodation efficiency, which affected yielding. Furthermore, wrought and/or CGP processed samples were examined under in situ cyclic loading by XRD and electron backscatter diffraction for comparison. The first cycle exhibited a clear difference in the twin volume fraction and activation of TDT compared to the subsequent cycles.
An advanced crystal plasticity finite element model of crystal slip, twinning and detwinning was developed to simulate the behaviour of a wrought sample subjected to compression-tension loading. Information on the activity of deformation systems and the critical resolved shear stress for detwinning was obtained. The model gave new insights into the non-Schmid behaviour (grain neighbour effects) for twinning, and particularly for detwinning. The grain neighbour effect becomes more pronounced with increasing plastic strain level, particularly when detwinning dominates the deformation response.

Advisor: Korsunsky, A
Migrations of the holy: the devotional culture of Wimborne Minster, c.1400-1640

This thesis is a study of the religious culture of the market-town parish of Wimborne Minster, Dorset, from c.1403-1640. Broadly, it is a contribution to the history of the English Reformation (or Reformations, as the historian pleases; capital ‘R’ or lower-case). Religious change is the most significant focus, but over a longer period of time than is usually allowed for. Such themes as lay control, tithe controversies, relations with the ordinary, and popular support for preaching and church music are considered, as well as theological issues about the nature of English and European Protestantism. The thesis includes quantitative evidence drawn from the parish churchwardens’ accounts and also wills.
The date range was chosen for a number of reasons. First, because the available evidence for the parish is unusually rich, and allows for a kind of sustained attention that cannot be directed towards other such parishes: Wimborne has among the earliest and most complete surviving churchwardens’ accounts in England (beginning in 1403), as well as myriad other sources, including hundreds of wills, and corporation and church-court records. Secondly, as a means of pursuing Alexandra Walsham’s ‘migrations of the holy’ agenda. Walsham believes that investigation of religious change in the late medieval and early modern periods is hindered by those very periodisations, which are in fact products of the changes in question; how, then, to study religious change without presupposing too much? To that end, the structure of this thesis is both chronological and thematic; and an attempt has been made to preserve what was unique and so important about the changes of the mid-sixteenth century, during the reigns of Henry VIII and his progeny, at the same time as revealing deeper structural changes – and continuities too.
The broad division of the thesis is into two parts. This first three chapters, part one, establish the early religious scene in the parish, examining the legacy of the Minster’s place as a mother church in the Anglo-Saxon landscape of east Dorset, and how parish identity and forms of self-organisation were put to the test during the reigns of Henry VIII and his son, Edward VI. In part two, the focus is the interaction between the parishioners and the parish’s new governing structure, a closed corporation of 12 lay worthies; in particular, the governors’ attempts to provide regular preaching of the most sophisticated kind, as well as elaborate polyphonic music, and disputes arising from their management of the tithes and the divisive behaviour of one preacher in particular.

Keywords: Early modern England
The Reformation
Middle Ages
Christianity
Protestantism
Advisor: MacCulloch, D
Brigden, S
A linguistic analysis of dated poems from the book of Taliesin

The lack of surviving Welsh vernacular manuscripts from before the thirteenth century, and the general scarcity of Welsh-language material elsewhere from that early period, has meant a great deal of controversy around those texts which may be early but are found in later manuscripts. The confidence with which many texts were given early dates has disappeared, and even those texts for which early dates are still proposed meet with varying levels of scepticism. Work has been done to develop our understanding of the language’s historical developments, however Haycock has remarked that it is something of an embarrassment that there exists no agreed and dependable set of linguistic criteria for pre-c. 1100 verse.
This thesis takes five poems from the fourteenth-century Book of Taliesin, for which dates have been offered between the ninth and eleventh centuries, on the basis of their historical context. The same scribal hand copied four other manuscripts, the contents of which date from the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. The language of the poems is analysed, using the language of the other manuscripts as a linguistic control, informed by other scholarship, to assess the survival of archaic forms through the process of subsequent redaction to arrive at the Book of Taliesin.
The main finding of the thesis is that the language of all five surviving manuscripts by the Book of Taliesin scribe presents a largely uniform picture. There are a handful of examples that do diverge from the scribal norm. If the dates given to the poems are accepted, the evidence points to extensive redaction, removing those forms that had become unfamiliar or out-of-date. In this scenario, there should be no embarrassment that early texts cannot be dated on the basis of their linguistic features: the language of early texts may have been so altered as to appear contemporary to texts many centuries their junior.

Advisor: Williams, M
Rodway, S
Observations on invisibility

This thesis is concerned with the psychology of magic and illusion. In particular it is focused on three illusions, which can be conceptualized as types of invisibility: (1) Illusions of omission—failures to see, (2) Illusions of commission—seeing things that are not really present, and (3) metacognitive illusions—people’s false beliefs about their own cognitive and perceptual systems. The work presented in this thesis is set out to explore these illusions through behavioural visual experiments inspired by sleight-of-hand magic tricks. Across three distinct paradigms using stimuli ranging in ranging in complexity from static line drawings, to recorded videos, to live events, I demonstrate that manipulations of observers’ expectations and attentional set can result in perceptions of visual events that are variously accurate representations, illusions of omission, or illusions of commission. I also demonstrate that these illusions are often associated with failures of visual metacognition, in that they are generally considered to be surprising and counterintuitive. In addition to these empirical elements of the project, I also consider historical and contemporary connections between experimental psychology and magic tricks. I show that, in some instances, magicians’ misdirection techniques anticipated developments by experimental psychology by hundreds of years, and that the idea of investigating the mechanisms of magic tricks and illusions played a key role in the development of experimental psychology as a scientific discipline. Through this combination of historical analyses novel experiments, I show that the integration of magic and experimental psychology has a great potential to drive future research in human cognition and perception.

Keywords: Magic
Magicians
Cognition
Illusion
Perception
Metacognition
Advisor: Davies, A