VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
Conflicted fatherhood in Greek tragedy
Keywords: tragedy
father
fatherhood
Greek
conflict

This thesis explores the depiction of fathers in Greek tragedy in terms of the conflict between the expectations and responsibilities of fatherhood and other areas of male activity and identity
Chapter 1 provides historical, literary and scholarly context. Chapters 2 and 3 examine the often difficult relationship between paternal responsibility and political concerns. Chapter 2 explores Agamemnon’s decision to permit the expedition against Troy by sacrificing his daughter Iphigenia, as recounted in Aeschylus’ Agamemnon and depicted in Euripides’ Iphigenia at Aulis. Chapter 3 focuses upon the interplay of politics and paternity in plays on Theban myths; it examines the depictions of Creon in Sophocles’ Antigone and Euripides’ Phoenician Women as deliberately contrasting responses to the challenge of establishing priority between political and paternal responsibilities, before moving on to a comparison of tragic accounts of Oedipus’ curse upon his sons as an instance of a father’s behaviour exerting considerable, damaging influence upon public life. Chapters 4 and 5 explore tragedy’s depiction of various superhuman fathers. Chapter 4 demonstrates that tragedy sets the complex and extensive mythical, literary and religious traditions concerning Heracles at odds with the demands of conventional fatherhood. Chapter 5 considers the portrayal of divine fathers in tragedy; after outlining various trends in extant and fragmentary plays, it focuses upon Euripides’ Ion as a case-study for the disruptive and distanced nature of divine paternity in the genre. Having explored these various conflicts between fatherhood and other areas of activity and responsibility, the thesis culminates in an examination of the conflict over fatherhood itself. Chapter 6 explores the competing representations of a specific father in Sophocles’ Ajax, and the impassioned conflict over the duties of fatherhood more generally in Euripides’ Alcestis, before culminating in an extensive examination of contested fatherhood in Euripides’ Orestes. The thesis demonstrates that fatherhood in Greek tragedy is pervasively and significantly conflicted. This conflict is not only an important factor in our understanding of the plot, themes and characterisation of many of these works, but also a crucial point of contact and engagement between the plays themselves and the discourse of contemporary Athenian society.
Responses to Lollardy and the evolution of English religion, c.1400-1450
Keywords: Lollards
Lollardy
Heresy
Hermeneutics

The study of the religious controversies associated with the legacy of John Wyclif has seen extensive expansion in recent years. Lollard religion and spirituality have been studied both at the textual and at the sociological level. This thesis will approach the period instead from a theological and intellectual-historical perspective, focusing on theological texts created in response to Lollardy. It will detail how attempts to defend and preserve 'orthodoxy' led to new forms of diversity and tension in English religion over time. It will suggest, however, that certain characteristic theological positions and strategies were constants even through these diverse voices.
The first chapter examines a set of homiletic and related materials from around the first decade of the century. It tracks common interests in authority, ecclesiology, virtue, and scripture alongside divergent priorities for the church, and varied strategies for opposing Lollardy. The second chapter surveys Nicholas Love's devotional translation, The Mirror of the Blessed Life of Jesus Christ, arguing that the work is shaped by a similar agenda, which again emerges in discussions of theological authority. Chapter 3 addresses Thomas Netter’s 1427 Doctrinale, demonstrating that this too is influenced by a polemic and apologetic agenda in its systematic theology. The fourth chapter shows similar preoccupations later on in the very different theology of Reginald Pecock, whose own stated purpose of 'repressing' Lollard error led him into conflict with his emphasis on reason and accessibility in religion. In the fifth chapter this is balanced with the figure of Thomas Gascoigne who demonstrates the continued survival of many of the theological and devotional concerns of Lollardy in the absence of an anti-Lollard agenda.
The conclusion draws together the findings of this study, noting the rich diversity of responses to Lollardy in form and genre, but also the persistence of certain common preoccupations and strategies. Discussions of the nature of virtue and the right locus of authority were deployed not only to debate particular Lollard critiques of the church, but to construct theologies with little or no room for such critiques in principle, and assert an institutional church unaccountable to independent external criticism. Not only the conclusions, therefore, but the reforming attitude and authority sources of Lollardy were consistently excluded. The defining feature of Lollardy's influence lay in the varied, but consistent, re-incarnation of this recurring theological agenda.
Instigating and monitoring transdermal drug delivery using ultrasound-mediated cavitation
Keywords: Immunization
Nanocups
murine model
Drug monitoring
Ultrasound
Sumatriptan
Microbubble
Drug delivery
DNA vaccine
Transdermal delivery
Drug delivery device
Migraine
Skin
Vaccination
Cavitation
Passive acoustic detection

Injections are a commonly used and widely accepted method of drug administration to prevent and treat diseases. Although using a needle and syringe provides a rapid, lowcost, and direct way of administering almost any kind of therapeutic agent into the body, it is a painful and invasive method leading to issues of patient compliance and needle–phobia. The delivery of drugs through the skin (transdermal delivery) is an attractive alternative approach because it is non-invasive and has low associated risks. However, the penetration of molecules into/through the skin is severely restricted by the outermost layer of the skin (stratum corneum). Initial studies of ultrasound-mediated, cavitation-enhanced transdermal drug delivery have shown great promise by utilising a gel formulation containing polymeric cavitation nuclei to help deliver a model immunogen (Ovalbumin) into the skin. However, enhanced adoption of this technology to permit delivery of several classes of therapeutic agents requires further validation and optimisation and is currently stymied by the lack of real-time monitoring when used across a broad range of therapeutic classes and environmental conditions. Such monitoring is especially important in situations where the dose of the delivered therapeutic agent needs to be precisely defined. Therefore, the focus of this thesis is to achieve transdermal delivery using cavitation-enhanced transport and develop methodologies to monitor or at least confirm successful delivery in real-time. [abstract continued in thesis]
Geological and metallogenic evolution of the Palaeoproterozoic Adam Ahmed mouloude region of the Reguibat Shield, Western Sahara
Keywords: Voisey’s Bay
Morila
Orthomagmatic Fe-Ti-V
Orogenic gold mineralisation
Baoulé-Mossi
Fe-Ti-V
Chromitite-hosted PGE
Sfariat Bu-Daira
Burkina Faso
West African Craton
Boromo
Agarasras Lakhadar
Sittampundi
Eburnean
Metallogenesis
Anorthosite
chromite chemistry
Palaeoproterozoic
Houndé
Temmimichate-Tsabaya
massif-type
tectonic settings
Anajim Guebli
ophiolite
Banfora
mafic
Leaareig
ultramafic
Kéména-Man
Liberated Territories of Western Sahara
megacrystic anorthosite
massif-type anorthosite
Algeria
chromite
magmatic sulphide
island arc
Oum Abana
Man-Leo
geochronological
megacrystic
Western Sahara Geology
Intrusion-related Gold
Geological map
Leo-Man
Fe-Ti-V oxide
Palaeoproterozoic Archaean Contact
Birimian
Western Sahara
Mg#
Guelb Koujil
Riche Anajim
Kenema-Man
Agarasras
lithological correlation
Orogenic Gold
Archaean-Palaeoproterozoic Boundary
Massif type
continental arc
Sassaiate-Temmimichate– Tsabaya
petrology
WAC
Taghsoumat- Aghsoumal
Paleoproterozoic
eburnean
Sfariat
Reguibat Shield
Elmalhat Anorthosite Complex
Mauritania
Megacrystic
chromitite

The Adam Ahmed Mouloude Region of the Liberated Territories of Western Sahara is a previously unstudied region of the Reguibat Shield. Crucially, the region covers a large portion of the ‘Contact Zone’ between the Archaean and Palaeoproterozoic components of the Reguibat Shield, exposed as only a small wedge in neighbouring Mauritania. Two distinct tectonic terranes were identified in the study area, the Leaareig Terrane (ca. 2.22 to 2.15 Ga) in the west and the Sfariat-Bu Daira Terrane (ca. 2.14 to 2.09 Ga) in the east. The Sfariat-Bu Daira Terrane contains the only known anorthosite complex to contain both megacrystic and massif-type anorthosite, normally formed in different tectonic settings at different periods in the Earth’s history.
Strong geological and geophysical correlations between the Leaareig and Sfariat-Bu Daira Terrane formed the basis for the proposal of the first geodynamic model for the formation of the West African Craton. This model includes the formation of two volcanic arc terranes (>2.13 Ga), their collision with each other (~2.13-2.12 Ga), a collisional event between the now fully assembled Palaeoproterozoic Terrane with the Archaean Terrane (~2.10-2.09 Ga) followed by mantle delamination and widespread post-collisional magmatism (2.09-2.02 Ga).
The Leaareig and Sfariat-Bu Daira Terranes are highly prospective for gold with the potential for other types of mineral deposits including magmatic Ni-Cu-(Co-PGE) sulphide, platinum group element-bearing chromitite, orthomagmatic Fe-Ti-V oxide and Superior-type Iron.
Pilgrim flasks: chronological and cultural transformations from the New Kingdom to the Napatan period
Keywords: Nubia
Pilgrim flasks
Sudan
Egyptology
Nubian Ceramics

Ceramic pilgrim flasks were prevalent across the Eastern Mediterranean during the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age, and were adopted into Egypt during the reign of Thuthmosis III. Their changing synchronic and diachronic usage across these contexts has however been little explored, and research demonstrates their integral position in commodity exchange. This approach sheds light on how Egyptian colonial practices in New Kingdom and Post New Kingdom Nubia affected material culture. During the course of this study, I applied typological and anthropological methodologies to pilgrim flasks to examine how vessel use changed across this cultural border, and the disparate ways this can be represented in the archaeological record. I collated 1635 pilgrim flasks from across Egypt and Nubia to approach three research questions:
1. How does pilgrim flask morphology change as it moves across the cultural landscape between Egypt and Nubia?
2. How were pilgrim flasks used? Do the deposition patterns of flasks suggest shifting usage between the New Kingdom (c. 1550–1070 BCE) and the Early Napatan (c. 700– 500 BCE) in these regions?
3. What can these vessels ultimately reveal about cultural practices in Nubia, both before and after the withdrawal of the Egyptian colonial control at the end of the New Kingdom?
I developed new typologies for Egypt and Nubia to compare the different morphological and distribution patterns visible. This revealed distinct regional practices associated with the form. The application of Practice models to the data scrutinised the divergent meanings associated with the vessel across these traditions, which were associated with both wine and perfumed oils in Egypt, but libation practices in Nubia. Pilgrim flasks were affected by colonial practices in Nubia and were swiftly appropriated into new habitus traditions. Their use in mixed colonial towns contributed to the ethnogenesis of an urban habitus that inspired institutions in the Early Napatan state.
Discovering genetic modifiers in Niemann-Pick Disease Type C
Keywords: Genetic modifiers
Neonatal Lethality
Niemann-Pick Disease Type C
Mouse models

Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C (NPC) is a rare, fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by lysosomal accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and sphingolipids. These subcellular pathologies eventually cause phenotypes of hepatosplenomegaly and neurological degeneration leading to premature death. NPC is extremely heterogeneous in the timing of clinical presentation (prenatal to adulthood) and is associated with a wide spectrum of causative NPC1 mutations. Miglustat (Zavesca) is the only approved therapy for NPC, and while it has been shown to improve clinical outcomes it is not a cure. To study the genetic architecture of NPC, including the clinical and genetic heterogeneity seen in this patient population, we have generated a new mouse model (Npc1em1Pav). Using this model, we identified strain- specific quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting lifespan and characterized a novel lung phenotype causing neonatal lethality. Interestingly, Npc1em1Pav mutants on a C57BL/6J (B6J) genetic background had a more severe visceral pathology of foam cell accumulation than Npc1em1Pav mutants on a BALB/cJ background. These underlying pathological changes translated into B6J mutants having a significantly shorter lifespan (70 + 4.30 days) than mutants on a BALB/cJ background (84 + 7.25; p<0.0001), suggesting strain- specific modifiers contribute to disease severity. QTL analysis of backcross N2 mutants detected significant linkage to markers on chromosomes 1 (LOD=5.57) and 7 (LOD=8.91). Analysis of predicted deleterious sequence variants between B6J and BALB/cJ strains at these two loci resulted in a short list of candidate genes that can now be evaluated as potential modifiers of NPC severity and progression. A significant reduction of viable Npc1em1Pav mice was also observed on the B6J background at Postnatal day 10 (P10) (10.5% vs. 25%, p<0.0001). Interestingly, the expected genotype frequency was observed at E18.5-E19.5 (26.5% % vs. 25%, p=0.034) indicating Npc1em1Pav mutants exhibit a previously uncharacterized lethal phenotype postnatally. C-sections accompanied by maternal fostering confirmed that the majority of Npc1em1Pav mutants died shortly after birth showing signs of respiratory insufficiency and abnormal surfactant pathology. A similar phenomenon reported in NPC patients with pre/perinatal onset indicates Npc1em1Pav may be the first valid animal model of this severely affected group.
Scheduled at the margins: antecedents and consequences of nonstandard work schedules
Keywords: Work-family balance
Mahalanobis Distance Matching
Multilevel Modelling
Nonstandard work schedules
Mendelian Randomization

The past 50 years have seen the erosion of working time regulations and transitions to service-based economies throughout most of Europe. This has led to, amongst other things, a growth in the proportion of the labour force employed in nonstandard work schedules. These are defined as work schedules falling outside of the traditional 9:00 am to 5:00 pm, Monday to Friday work week. Given that such work arrangements can overlap with – and, in many cases, monopolize – the hours traditionally reserved for family life, the aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive investigation into the ways in which families use and are affected by nonstandard schedules, focusing on the previously understudied but highly relevant context of the UK.
Over the course of four empirical chapters, I explore the composition and occupational characteristics of nonstandard schedule workers, the effects that these schedules take on work-family balance, and the ways in which preferences and endowed traits play a large role in shaping which individuals select into and stay in these arrangements. The thesis is unique in the extensive scope with which nonstandard work schedules are studied: I move all the way from the molecular level to the individual level and then up to the country level to showcase the antecedents, consequences, and institutions relevant to the study of nonstandard work schedules and families in the UK and beyond.
This thesis makes several contributions to the existing body of knowledge on nonstandard work schedules and family life. First, I show the many channels of self-, socioeconomic, and occupational selection underlying employment in nonstandard schedules, and present ways to account for these selection mechanisms when studying outcomes relating to work-family balance. Second, I highlight that the consequences of nonstandard schedules on family life are not necessarily universal, but instead depend partially on the country and institutional context in which they are studied. Third, I integrate molecular genetic data to show how the timing of one’s circadian rhythm influences preferences for nonstandard work hours, suggesting that such arrangements can be advantageous – and even optimal – for certain individuals.
The way and the glory: a study of Zhou Dunyi shrines in the southern song (1127–1279)
Keywords: Zhou Dunyi

This thesis studies 130 cases of establishment and refurbishment of shrines dedicated to a Chinese philosopher, Zhou Dunyi 周敦頤 (1017–73), in the Southern Song (1127–1279). About 100 years after his death, this philosopher was reinvented as the founding father of Neo-Confucianism and shrines to him were founded in all corners of the empire. The thesis investigates who sought to dedicate shrines to Zhou and who declined to do so; why they did so; and what the significance for each locality of having such a monument was.
In the Southern Song, localities actively sought to connect themselves to famous literati in order to gain a prominence greater than that of other localities. This competition facilitated the spread of literati culture and the consolidation of a previously fragmented Chinese society. Some Neo-Confucian thinkers took this opportunity to promote their movement as well. Through enshrining Zhou Dunyi in different settings, they effectively refashioned the man as their scholarly ancestor and iconised him as the exemplary Confucian literatus.
Chapter 1 introduces the main argument and discusses methodologies. Subsequent sections provide brief explanations of pertinent technical terms and theoretical points.
Chapter 2 discusses Zhou Dunyi’s life, focusing on selected aspects of his life that were most debated and most relevant to his posthumous enshrinement.
Chapter 3 investigates the Zhou Dunyi shrines in Southern Song Daozhou and Jiangzhou, two localities that competed for recognition as Zhou Dunyi’s true hometown due to his having been born in one and died in the other. The dispute would be settled only when Neo-Confucian dignitaries came out in support of Daozhou’s claim. This example shows how the building of the shrines was negotiated and how they were appropriated by local elites who took great pride in them.
Chapter 4 studies the lack of Zhou Dunyi shrines in a place where they would be expected to be. Zhenjiang (Runzhou) refrained from establishing any such shrines until as late as 1253. Neo-Confucians shied away from establishing a shrine there. This case shows to what degree Neo-Confucians were involved in Zhou Dunyi shrine projects and in what manner.
Chapter 5 explores Guangdong and Guangxi. The prevalence of Zhou Dunyi shrines in this much less developed region belies a standard characterisation of Neo-Confucianism as an ideology for well-educated, affluent, and non-office-holding elites. A selection of cases demonstrates that the region’s relatively limited assimilation into mainstream literati culture formed its habitus in favour of the proliferation of Zhou Dunyi shrines.
Chapter 6 points to a consequence of the proliferation of Zhou Dunyi shrines in the Song. Localities began to seek distinction by promoting famous local literati, which was possible only on the basis of embracing the new standard of fame shared by other localities—namely, the Sinitic literati culture. This formula, the pursuit of fame on the basis of homogeneous literati culture, contributed to the integration of late imperial Chinese society.
Care and control: an ethical analysis of parenting support within a UK prison mother and baby unit
Keywords: bioethics
public health
prison
ethics
parenting

This research is an empirical ethics study of parenting support delivered within a UK prison mother and baby unit (MBU).
In recent years, the idea of state provided ‘parenting support’ has gained prominence within the early intervention (EI) policy agenda. A central claim of EI policy is that poor parenting during the early years of life can lead to a range of bad outcomes for children, such as ill health, academic failure, poverty, and crime. These outcomes create substantial costs for both individuals and society. Therefore, EI often involves identifying babies and children who are at risk of being ‘poorly parented,’ and intervening upon these parents in order to help them provide better care to their children.
In the context of EI, parenting support gives rise to a number of complex ethical questions, both in policy and in practice. These concern what it means to be a good mother, the nature of a good childhood, the rights and responsibilities of parents, and the appropriate role of the state to intervene in family life. Prison MBUs provide an informative and challenging case study through which to consider how these ethical questions arise in practice for those involved in the delivery and receipt of parenting support.
In the UK, female prisoners who are pregnant or who have a small child are able to apply to serve their sentence within a prison MBU. The baby can remain within the unit up until the age of 18 months, and whilst the mother serves her sentence she is provided with various kinds of parenting support. Some of these forms of parenting support look very similar to that which is provided to women enrolled in EI programs in the community. However, prison policy is unclear as to the goals of parenting support in this environment and it is possible to anticipate a number of ethical challenges that may arise in practice: how can prison provide a good start in life for children? What is the relationship – if any – between crime and being a good mother? To what extent can and should women exercise parental autonomy in a prison environment?
Over a period of 7 months I conducted interviews, focus groups, and participant observation within the MBU of a women’s prison in the North of England. In this thesis I provide a rich ethical analysis of the practice of parenting support as it take place within the ‘moral world’ of the MBU. I elucidate the relevant ethical questions arising in this context, map out the values and normative commitments in play, identify where lack of clarity impedes the pursuit of goals, and analyse these concerns within a framework informed by relevant ethical theories. I situate these findings in the context of the EI policy literature in order to consider what this case study reveals about the ethical dimensions of parenting support both in prison and in EI policy more broadly. With this in mind, I offer some recommendations that may shape the provision of parenting support both inside and outside of prison.