VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
1603. The wonderfull yeare: literary responses to the accession of James I
Keywords: James VI and I
accession
coronation
Elizabeth I
James I
poetomachia
succession
James VI
propaganda

1603. The Wonderfull Yeare: Literary Responses to the Accession of James I argues that when James VI of Scotland was proclaimed James I of England on 24 March 1603, the printed verse pamphlets that greeted his accession presented him as a figure of hope and promise for the Englishmen now subject to his rule. However, they also demonstrate hitherto unrecognized concerns that James might also be a figure of threat to the very national strength, Protestant progress, and moral, cultural, and political renaissance for which he was being touted as harbinger and champion. The poems therefore transform an insecure and undetermined figure into a symbol that represents (and enables) promise and hope.
PART ONE explores how the poetry seeks to address the uncertainty and fragility, both social and political, that arose from popular fears about the accession; and to dissuade dissenters (and make secure and unassailable the throne, and thereby the state of England), through celebration of the new monarch. Perceived legal, political, and dynastic concerns were exacerbated by concrete difficulties when James was proclaimed King of England, and so he was more than fifty miles from the English border (only reaching London for the first time in early May); his absence was further prolonged by plague; this plague also deferred the immediate sanction of public festivities that should have accompanied his July coronation. An English Jacobean icon was configured in literature to accommodate and address these threats and hazards, neutralizing fears surrounding the idea of the accession with confidence in the idea of the king it brings. In the texts that respond to James's accession we observe his appropriation as a figure of hope and promise. PART 2 looks to more personal hopes and fears, albeit within the national context. It considers how the poets engage with the King's own established iconography and intentions, publicly available to view within his own writing – and especially poetry. The image that is already established there has the potential either to obstruct or to enable national and personal causes and ambitions (whether political, religious, or cultural). The poetry therefore develops strategies to negotiate with and so appropriate the King’s own self-fashioning.
Some main aspects of state sovereignty, with special reference to the distinction between external and internal sovereignty
Keywords: Sovereignty

The problem at the heart of the Thesis can be formulated, in its simplest form, as follows: What is (the nature of) state sovereignty? I approach this problem with a view to deploying one of the methodologies developed by analytical jurisprudence in tackling the quaestio vexata: What is (the nature of) law? In particular, I seek to deploy a method of the sort employed by John Finnis in offering an explanatory definition of law. Accordingly, I focus attention on the characteristic features of the paradigm case of state sovereignty. The trajectory drawn by the six Chapters of the Thesis is impelled by the following research question: what are the standing human needs that make sovereignty (despite the risks associated with its exercise) necessary and desirable for a state, both internally and externally? In order to answer this question, I first consider how external and internal (state) sovereignty have been conceptualised in the context of analytical jurisprudence. This allows me to establish that (state) law and (state) sovereignty are co-related, and directs me toward a study of legal discourse. On the basis of this correlation, I show that the concepts of external and internal sovereignty are associated with a (meta-)claim to state legal independence and a (meta-)claim to state legal supremacy. By analysing those claims, in the context of public international law and constitutional law discourse, I demonstrate that two needs in combination, the need for self-determination and the need for autonomy, underpin those claims. I conclude by arguing that state sovereignty, both externally and internally, is made necessary and desirable (despite the risks associated with its exercise) by the state political community’s standing needs for self-determination and autonomy, which are rooted in the necessity and desirability of protecting a human person’s freedom in practical reasonableness.
Dynamics of grain boundaries in two-dimensional colloidal crystals
Keywords: Colloids
Soft Matter
Dislocations
Crystals
Optical trapping
Grain boundaries
Optical microscopy

The dynamics of grain boundaries in two-dimensional colloidal crystals is studied using optical microscopy and holographic optical tweezing. First, grain growth in a polycrystalline monolayer is investigated. The bond-orientational correlation function is found to satisfy scaling features predicted for systems containing random domain walls. The time-evolution of the correlation length indicates abnormal grain growth, which is shown to be due to the preferential coarsening of the large angle grain boundaries. Next, the segregation of impurities to grain boundaries is studied by embedding large spherical impurities in a polycrystalline monolayer of small colloidal spheres. The segregation behaviour is found to be in very good agreement with equilibrium grain boundary segregation, which enables the direct measurement of the free energy of adsorption. Near saturation, the formation of clusters of impurities in the boundary region is found to strongly depend on the size ratio between the impurities and the small particles, due to non-additivity effects and geometrical constraints imposed by the lattice. In order to characterise the geometry of grain boundaries, a new method to extract their geometrical features directly from microscopy images is developed. This method is used to determine the local normal direction, tangent direction and curvature of a grain boundary in a two-dimensional colloidal polycrystalline material. Further insight between the geometry and dynamics of grain boundaries is gained by analysing the shrinking kinetics of circular grain boundaries created using optical vortices. Upon increasing misorientation, these strongly curved boundaries exhibit a geometrically determined transition between pure sliding and shrinkage. In addition, the shrinking rate is found to decrease when increasing the misorientation. Dislocation reactions, which cause the reduction of the grain boundary length, are directly visualised and correlated to the kinetics of shrinkage. Finally, the dynamics of the particles during the migration of circular grain boundaries is analysed. The presence of dynamical heterogeneities is shown to be strongly determined by geometry, especially in the case of coincident site lattice boundaries where coincident particles exhibit no motion during grain boundary migration. The particle displacements involved in the motion of dislocations, which constitute the elementary mechanism of grain boundary migration, are revealed.
Eine alltägliche Tätigkeit: performing the everyday in the avant-garde theatre scene of late nineteenth-century Berlin
Keywords: Otto Brahm
Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 1889-1951
Ibsen, Henrik, 1828-1906
authenticity
Max Reinhardt
skepticism
Rilke, Rainer Maria, 1875-1926
ordinary language philosphy
theater-going culture
Schnitzler, Arthur, 1862-1931

This dissertation situates late nineteenth-century Berlin's reception of naturalist drama in contemporary discourse about European modernism, which to date has disregarded the significant impact of this cultural environment. Examining the Berlin avant-garde's demand for "truth" and "authenticity," this study highlights its legacy of promoting more honest and dynamic forms of human interaction.
Sketching the historical background, Chapter 1 demonstrates how the reception of Henrik Ibsen in Berlin fuelled creative strategies for a more honest approach to theatre. From literary matinees to more egalitarian ways of directing theatre, this moment in cultural history significantly shaped people's understanding of theatre as a tool for social criticism and as a means of creating a sense of intimacy. Two important figures are highlighted here: literary critic and theatre director Otto Brahm, central to the promotion of naturalism, and his more prominent protégé Max Reinhardt, who developed Brahm's legacy.
Situating these developments in a theoretical framework, Chapter 2 draws on the concept of "the everyday" as set out by Toril Moi, Stanley Cavell, and Ludwig Wittgenstein to link the role of the ordinary on stage to the avant-garde's search for authenticity and truthfulness. Through this framework, Ibsen's social dramas from A Doll's House to Hedda Gabler (Chapter 3) can be seen perfectly to exemplify this shift in perspective from the 1880s through the 1890s, revealing the complexity of truthfulness in communications.
Tracing these themes in other dramatic works, innovative readings of Arthur Schnitzler's Liebelei (Chapter 4) and Rainer Maria Rilke's Das tägliche Leben (Chapter 5) shed new light on these two fin-de-siècle authors. By highlighting these authors' previously unrecognised connections with Berlin's avant-garde theatre scene and their dramatic exploration of interpersonal connection, this study shows both how theatre functioned as a tool to examine human relationships and to what extent twentieth-century literature was grounded in this way of thinking.
Selective release from carbon nanocapsules
Keywords: characterisation
Carbon nanotubes
Fullerene
enzymatic triggered release
light triggered release
functionalisation

The optimisation of drug delivery systems is challenging. The approach to drug delivery described here makes use of carbon nanocapsules, including fullerenes and nanotubes. Installation of a targeting moiety to carbon nanocapsules can be achieved via sidewall functionalisation. Carbon nanocapsules also have an unique capacity that can be used for the delivery of payloads such as drugs or imaging agents. In addition, selective release following the application of external stimuli can be used to advance the selectivity of the carbon nanocapsule delivery system. Herein, a photoirradiation reaction triggered reaction that releases a benzoic acid derivative from the carbon surface of fullerenes is described. Fulleropyrazolines were modified with an electron donating aryl group on a nitrogen of the pyrazoline ring. This modification renders the surface functionalisation reversible; the pyrazoline undergoes retro-cycloaddition in the presence of light. Investigations revealed that the method can be used in heterogeneous aqueous solutions. Cathepsin B is a protease that is overexpressed in inflammed cells, such as tumours and arthri- tis. The enzyme selectively cleaves the amino acid sequence phenylalanine-valine-arginine. The coupling of an enzymatically cleavable, designed peptide built around this amino acid sequence to a fulleropyrrolidine was realised. Covalent attachment of this fullerene 'cork' to the carbon nanotube was investigated and analysed by HRTEM/EDX, XPS, XRF, TGA, Raman, and IR spectroscopy. Carbon nanotubes filled with iodide were able to be corked by these modified fullerenes; preliminary studies towards Cathepsin B mediated cleavage were promising.
In conclusion, advances in using the unique capacity of carbon nanocapsules for drug delivery were made. In the future, the combination of targeted delivery, achieved by sidewall functionali- sation with a biomolecule, and the triggered release of payload from corked nanotubes may help to open up a new therapeutic field.
The effects of chemotherapy agents on hypoxia in colorectal cancer
Keywords: Colorectal cancer
Tumour hypoxia
Chemotherapy

Tumour hypoxia describes the phenomenon of reduced oxygen tension within solid tumours, resulting in an increase in morbidity, mortality and metastasis. We aim to identify chemotherapy agents that may reduce oxygen consumption and ultimately, improve tumour hypoxia and radiosensitivity.
Four colorectal cancer cell lines (COLO320DM, DLD1, HCT116 and HT29) and a nontransformed cell line (MRC5) were investigated. Clonogenic and cytotoxicity assays of a range of agents were used to determine sub-lethal concentrations that would alter consumption without cytotoxicity. The oxygen consumption and mitochondrial function of treated cells were assessed with the XF96 Analyzer. Flow cytometry, high performance liquid chromatography and western blot were performed to delineate mechanisms of action. The most responsive cell lines were grown as spheroids for hypoxia modelling before being tested in vivo for radiation sensitivity. In vivo tumour hypoxia analysis was achieved with the in vivo imaging system.
The oxygen consumption of all cancer cell lines was markedly reduced after treatment with a number of the agents compared to the non-transformed cell line. DLD1 and HCT116 cell lines showed the greatest balance of resistance to toxicity and reduction in oxygen consumption. Hypoxia imaging of the subsequent spheroids and in vivo tumours further demonstrated a reduction in hypoxia consistent with drug induced decrease in oxygen consumption. This also conferred a relative enhancement in radiosensitivity in both in vitro and in vivo settings.
Despite decades of clinical use these known chemotherapeutics have not been implicated in alterations in oxidative metabolism. These results raise the prospect of using them in an alternative way to potentially improve clinical outcome.
The Princely States v British India: fiscal history, public policy and development in modern India
Keywords: War
Tax
India

This dissertation examines how direct versus indirect rule shaped late colonial India through government finance. Fiscal policy has hitherto been overlooked in the literature on Indian economic history. This thesis considers how revenues were raised and spent in the Princely States compared with British India, and the welfare outcomes associated with these fiscal decisions.
Part One examines the fiscal framework through the neglected public accounts. The key finding is that while the systems of taxation were broadly similar in both types of administration, patterns of public expenditure were dramatically different. The large Princely States spent more public revenue on social expenditure. This was made possible by lower proportionate expenditure on security and defence. Part one charts these trends empirically and unearths political and institutional reasons for the differences in fiscal policy between directly and indirectly ruled India.
Part Two examines welfare. The study goes beyond previous anthropometric scholarship by assessing the impact of institutions and policies on biological living standards, deploying a new database of adult male heights in South India. Puzzlingly, heights were slightly lower in the Princely States, traditionally lauded for being more responsive to the needs of their populations, especially those of low status. The resolution to the conundrum is found in poorer initial conditions, and caste dynamics. Higher social expenditure and reduced height inequality occurred simultaneously in the States from the 1910s, suggesting policies directed at low status groups within the Princely States may have been successful. I also examine the consequences of Britain’s policy of constructing an extensive rail network across the country. Importantly, the impact of railways differed by caste. Railways were good for High Caste groups, and bad for low status Dalit and Tribal groups. This suggests that railways served to reinforce the existing caste distinctions in access to resources and net nutrition.
Euripides' Ion
Keywords: Euripides
commentary
Ion

In this line by line commentary l have attempted to discuss all matters textual and linguistic on which a reader might resort to a commentary for aid. There is, naturally, a pronounced emphasis on textual criticism; literary comment is interwoven with my arguments as the play unfolds. I have endeavoured to cite Greek with sufficient generosity to enable the reader to form a different judgement from my own from the material I have furnished. Considerable space has also been devoted to matters mythological and religious, as the nature of the play demands.
I conclude with an Endnote on the marginal annotations found in L. Three appendices follow: on the question of scenery, on alliteration in ancient poetry and poetic theory. and on a textual problem in the prologue to Euripides' Phrixus.
As no new evidence has emerged either to enhance our knowledge of the paradosis or to indicate the date and general background of the play, I would prefer at this stage to direct the reader to A.S.Owen's introduction to his Clarendon edition of 1939 rather than burden this work further with a formal introduction.
I conclude with a general bibliography of works often cited.
Being Fijian in the global system of professional Rugby Union: articulating multiple values through mobile bodies
Keywords: migration
globalisation
Fiji
bodies
sports

A global rugby system has emerged which both motivates and facilitates the movement of large numbers of highly skilled professional athletes, and their swift integration into the dense social relations of professional clubs. Crucially, the global rugby system has become an articulation between the many localized values and practices of rugby and the professional codes of globally-oriented coaches and managers. This thesis uses an ethnographic approach to reveal the development of professionalism as a specific body culture produced at particular nodes, which has expanded to connect rugby union globally. In particular this theses focusses on the experiences of some of the several hundred indigenous Fijian professional rugby migrants playing overseas during the last fifteen years, and the several thousand aspiring young men working to do the same. This case study of mobility highlights the importance of the social, cultural and gendered contexts of specific mobility projects. Furthermore, the sometimes obvious cultural tensions that these men experience in the global system reveal the processes and power dynamics which create and define each local node and the global system as a whole. For these men rugby represents a unique opportunity to pursue both immediate social recognition in Fiji, fulfil familial expectations, gain the much coveted international mobility, and pursue an highly enjoyed activity. Individual and collective "rugby dreams" emerge in Fiji and motivate the collective production of rugby players willing to go overseas. To attain and retain professional contracts Fijians must abandon some of their own cultural system and meet the particular expectations of the clubs they play for. Those who successfully negotiate the transitions develop alternative Fijian professionalisms, combining the essence of their Fijian identity with the requirements of their adopted club. This articulation produces and manages the mobility of players, allowing skills and motivations developed in families and clubs of Fiji to be used by clubs on the other side of the globe. The ethnographic study of professional body culture as it emerges and is experienced in multiple locations within an interconnected global system is an innovative and particularly anthropological approach to understanding the social organisation of global sport. This approach contributes to the existing anthropological literature on mobility, globalisation and sport by highlighting the cultural tensions at different locations within this professionalised global system, revealing the multiple levels of frictions and power dynamics encountered by the mobile men within it.
A society of equals: the meaning, justification and implications of our basic moral equality
Keywords: political liberalism
Basic Equality
social contract theory
Second personal reasons
Equality of Resources
Dworkin

This is a thesis about our basic moral equality as human beings: its meaning, its justification and its implications for our society. It offers the fundamental principles of how we are obligated to live together in a Society of Equals.
Its major conclusions are as follows.
First, whilst there is more than one meaning to the claim that 'we are one another's basic moral equals', the most important meaning for political philosophy is that each individual has Equal Authority. More specifically, each individual has fundamental authority over herself, and herself alone.
Secondly, the justification of this fundamental authority over ourselves lies in our common limitation: we are all fallible. Further, we are not merely all fallible in the sense that any one of our beliefs could be false, but also in the sense that we have no non-circular way of judging the reliability of any of our beliefs. This aspect of our natural epistemic position justifies our equal, fundamental, practical authority over ourselves alone.
Finally, the most important implication of this justification is that each individual's most basic reason for action is to promote not merely her own, but each and every individual's compliance with her fundamental authority over herself. It follows that each individual has decisive reason to constrain her own compliance with her own fundamental authority over herself, where necessary, to allow the equal promotion of someone else's compliance with her fundamental authority over herself. This principle is called 'Equal Respect'. Upon this principle of Equal Respect arises an architectonic System of Right, and correlative duties, that is called Equal Sovereignty. Under this system, our rights and duties with respect to one another are distributed in accordance with a hypothetical auction and insurance scheme to ensure that each individual is truly sovereign over their own equal share of the world.
Reading the city: Prague in Czech and Czech-German narrative fiction since 1989
Keywords: spatial memory
collective memory
contemporary prague literature
interculturality

In the course of its history, Prague has been the site of many significant cultural confrontations and conversations. From the medieval chronicle of Cosmas to the work of contemporary writers, the city has taken shape in literature as a multivalent space where identities are constructed and questioned. The evolution of Prague's literary significance has taken place in an intercultural context: both Czech-speaking and German-speaking writers have engaged with the city and its past, and their texts have interacted with each other. The city has played a central part in many collective narratives in which myth, history and literature intertwine.
Looking at contemporary prose fiction written in both Czech and German, this thesis explores continuities and contrasts in the literary roles played by Prague. It analyses two German-speaking emigrant authors, Libuše Moníková (1945-1998) and Jan Faktor (1951- ), viewing them alongside three Czech writers, Jáchym Topol (1962- ), Daniela Hodrová (1946- ), and Michal Ajvaz (1949- ). Through close readings of eight texts, the thesis approaches the imagined city from four angles. It discusses how contemporary authors portray the search for meaning in the city by imagining Prague as two contrasting realms (the 'real' city and the 'other' city), how the discontinuities of the city are reflected by the fragmentation of the authorial stance, how these authors assemble new Prague myths from the vestiges of older topoi, and how they confront the contradictory urges to uphold the boundaries of the city and to transgress them. In post-1989 Prague, authors explore the unstable spaces between continuity and discontinuity, constructing an authorial ethos in these areas of tension.