VictorJuiz/thesis huggingface dataset:
The aesthetics of sugar: concepts of sweetness in the nineteenth century
Keywords: Sensation Fiction
Sweetness
Algernon Charles Swinburne
Walter Pater
Matthew Arnold
Commodity Culture
Charlotte Bronte
Sugar
Abolitionism
Aesthetics
Material Culture

My thesis examines the concept of sweetness as an aesthetic category in nineteenth-century British culture. My contention is that a link exists between the idea of sweetness as it appears in literary works and sugar as an everyday commodity with a complex history attached. Sugar had changed from being considered as a luxury in 1750 to a mass-market staple by the 1850s, a major cultural transition which altered the concept of sweetness as a taste. In the thesis I map the consequences of this shift as they are manifest in a range of texts from the period, alongside parallel changes in the aesthetic category of sweetness. I also assess the relationship between the material history of sweetness and the separate but related concept of aesthetic sweetness. In focussing on the relationship between sugar and sweetness in the Victorian period this thesis examines an area of nineteenth-century life that has previously never been subject to detailed study. Although several critics have explored the connection between sugar and concepts of sweetness as they relate to abolitionist debates in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, my focus differs in that I assert that other material histories of sugar played as significant a role in developing discourses of sweetness. Throughout this study, which spans the period 1780-1870, I draw on a range of sources across a variety of genres, including abolitionist pamphlets, medical textbooks, the novels of Charlotte Brontë and Wilkie Collins, the cultural criticism of Matthew Arnold and Walter Pater, and the poetry of Christina Rossetti and Algernon Charles Swinburne. I conclude that literary cultures in the nineteenth century increasingly use discourses of sugar to relate to the mass market and explore the commercialisation of literature, at a time when a growing commodity culture was seen as a threat to literary integrity.
Mobile health for cardiovascular disease risk prediction and management in resource-constrained environments
Keywords: mobile health
cardiovascular disease risk
machine learning
WHO
India
epidemiology

It is well established that the leading global cause of mortality and morbidity, cardiovascular disease (CVD), is more severe in resource-constrained environments such as rural India (RI). This thesis explores how best to manage CVD risk in RI by using a mobile-based, point-of- care (POC) Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS), SMARThealth, that is designed to assist Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) or minimally trained health workers. The four major focus areas are:
(a) Design, development, and large-scale data collection using SMARThealth - an agile development process and user-centred design approach were followed to pilot test the CDSS with 292 participants. Evaluation metrics included system efficiency, end-user variability, usability, and sub-group analysis to identify better or poorly performing ASHAs. An improved version of SMARThealth was used for baseline data collection across 54 villages (62,194 participants) in Andhra Pradesh, India. 9864 (15.8%) of the participants were at high CVD risk.
(b) Improvement of the sole CVD risk prediction algorithm for RI, the WHO/ISH CVD risk prediction charts (WHO-ISHc) - the choice of the low information (LI) model or high information (HI) model of WHO-ISHc was statistically significant for CVD risk prediction in RI (p=0.008;χ2=7.03) with 155 subjects (or 14.5% of 1066 patients) having different CVD risk scores according to the LI and HI WHO-ISHc. A parsimonious POC test was developed to identify patients for whom risk prediction by the HI and LI WHO/ISHc differ (that is, for whom the assessment of total cholesterol would be beneficial). The POC test showed good discrimination (out-of-sample AUC 0.85 with Random Forests).
(c) Assessment of best prediction algorithm for RI - eight highly predictive features of CVD risk were identified based on labelled data, and the resulting model (Model 1) had higher or equal AUCs and log-likelihood scores, and lower Brier scores when compared to a benchmark algorithm. The contribution of age and gender alone offered good discrimination and recalibration of Model 1 for RI was introduced. The lack of recorded end outcomes in RI prompted the use of an unsupervised approach to identify high-risk patients. Clusters of low and high CVD risks were found when ˆK =2, but also clusters with intermediate risk when ˆK =4 offering an alternative approach to identifying groups of high-risk patients.
(d) Analysis from a randomised controlled trial evaluation of SMARThealth - preliminary data analysis of 131 high-risk patients during the first year of the randomised controlled trial showed a statistically significant reduction in median blood pressure between the 1st and 5th assessment (p=0.0097). The proportion of patients under treatment for high blood pressure continued to increase throughout.
Between accommodationism and separatism: Kurds, Ottomans and the politics of nationality (1839-1914)
Keywords: Kurds
Nationalism
Ottomans

This dissertation examines the origins and development of ethno-national mobilisation amongst the Kurds of the Ottoman Empire in the decades leading up to the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. It argues that, like other elements of Ottoman community, over the course of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century the idea that the Kurds constituted a 'nation' gradually proliferated amongst Kurdish intellectual and political leaders. This nascent 'national consciousness' found concrete expression in the establishment of a series of newspapers, journals and organisations claiming to represent the views and interests of the Ottoman Kurdish community. However, while a growing number of Kurds began to see themselves as part of a 'Kurdish nation', the political implications of Kurdish ‘nationhood’ remained controversial. Indeed, from its inception the Kurdish movement contained within it a number of factions which held very different opinions on what precisely constituted the Kurds' national interests. This included some who attempted to secure the advancement and development of their people within the framework of the empire (accommodationists) and others who sought national independence (separatists). This study seeks to highlight the diversity within the Kurdish movement and, more importantly, shed light on the reasons behind it. In doing so, it will become possible to create a more nuanced historical narrative of the origins and nature of the Kurdish question, a question which remained a major political issue facing Middle Eastern leaders and statesmen today.
Nanoelectrochemistry in room temperature ionic liquids
Keywords: Ionic Liquids
Electrochemistry
Nanoparticles

The work presented in this thesis concerns the use of Room Temperature Ionic Liquids in nanoelectrochemistry. This thesis is presented in Parts, with the Introduction being presented in Part I, the General Experimental Section in Part II, the Results and Discussion being presented in Part III and IV, and the Conclusions in Part V.
Part III is concerned with the critical comparison of electron transfer theories in RTILs - namely Butler-Volmer (BV), Symmetric Marcus-Hush (SMH), and Asymmetric Marcus Hush (AMH) theories and contains three chapters.
Part IV is concerned with analysis of the electrochemistry of silver nanoparticles in RTILs, and contains three chapters.
Overall, this thesis uses theories of electron transfer and the oxidation of Ag NPs to gain insight into redox processes in RTILs at a nano-scale, and reports on the detection of NPs in ionic solvents for the first time.
The core chapters of the Yi Zhou shu
Keywords: Pali canon
Yi Zhou shu
kingly consultations
Liu tao
textual structure
Shang shu

In this thesis, I discuss a group of compositionally related “core” chapters within the Yi Zhou shu 逸周書, a collection of 59 texts from ancient China that has received very limited attention in scholarship. The texts in this collection are difficult to read and interpret because of their poor preservation and the lack of concise commentaries. I develop a methodological strategy for the identification of philologically related texts within the collection, which allows me to single out a group of texts related by compositional structures, rhetorical patterns and characteristic formulaic expressions. I call such chapters “kingly consultations”, considering that most of such texts are presented as speeches involving sage rulers of the Western Zhou 西周 (mid. 11th century – 771 BC), in which they share the fundamental wisdoms of kingship. I argue that these texts are remnants of an important ritualised textual practice, which has left traces not only in the Yi Zhou shu, but also in other collections, such as the Liu tao 六韜 (Six Bow Cases), which is commonly classified among “military” texts. I reconstruct elements of the socio-political context of the kingly consultations using comparative insight. I examine the numerical lists used for systematisation of knowledge against similar lists in the Pāli canon. I also explain the significance of the expressions that emphasise the secretive transmission of texts against better known esoteric textual communities in China and Japan. Such comparison allows me to preliminarily identify the communities behind the kingly consultations as based on strict knowledge-based hierarchy, but prone to segmentation. Finally, I position the kingly consultations within the broader context of the practice of treasure texts. This practice is an important development in ancient China that led to the emergence of a new type of textual authority by “detaching” earlier epigraphic texts from their precious material carriers and introducing them into novel environment of manuscript culture.
The impact of Hubert Henry Harrison on black radicalism, 1909-1927
Keywords: New Negro
radicalism
Harlem
Marxism
Black
white supremacy
Freethought
atheism
race
colonialism
social movements
Eurocentrism
capitalism
African
racism
Garvey
imperialism
class
Garveyism
oppression

This thesis focuses on Hubert Henry Harrison (1883-1927), a Caribbean-born journalist, educator, and community organizer whose historical restoration requires us to expand the frame of Black radicalism in the twentieth century. Harrison was the first Black leader of the Socialist Party of America to articulate a historical materialist analysis of the "Negro question", to organise a Black-led Marxist formation, and to systematically and publicly challenge the party's racial prejudices. In a time of urbanization, migration, lynching, and segregation, he subsequently developed the World War I-era New Negro movement by spearheading its first organisation, newspaper, nation-wide congress, and political party.
Harrison pioneered a new form of anti-imperialist, anti-capitalist, coloured internationalism. He also inaugurated the socio-cultural tradition of street corner speaking in Harlem, which formed the institutional basis for developing a wide-ranging, working-class, community-based, Black modernist intellectual culture. His people-centred and mass-movement-oriented model of leadership catalysed the rise to prominence of Marcus Garvey and the Garvey movement. Meanwhile, Harrison's African identity and epistemology positioned him to establish an African-centred street scholar tradition in Harlem that endures to this day.
Despite Harrison's wide-ranging influence on a whole generation of Black leaders from W.E.B. Du Bois to A. Philip Randolph, his impact and legacy have been largely forgotten. As a result, unearthing and recovering Harrison requires us to rethink multiple histories—the white left, the New Negro movement, Garveyism, the "Harlem Renaissance"—which have marginalized him. Harrison figured centrally in all of these social movements, so restoring his angle of vision demonstrates previously invisible connections, conjunctures, and continuities between disparate and often segregated currents of intellectual and political history. It also broadens the spectrum of Black emancipatory possibilities by restoring an example that retains much of its relevance today.
How, and to what extent do Geographical Information Systems (GIS) contribute to student engagement with Service Learning project?
Keywords: MLT
Geography
MLT2016
GIS

This case study investigates the potential use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) as a means to increase students’ engagement with Service Learning projects. Two enquiry projects were developed using constructivist pedagogy in the local area. They were introduced to a Year 12 Service Learning group within the Geography Department that met weekly. Group A analysed survey results to propose new developments for the local neighbourhood plan, without GIS. For Group B, the GIS-based enquiry focused on mapping crime in the local area. Findings suggest that GIS helped to contribute to student engagement with the Service Learning project; however, it was not the most important factor. Setting clear aims, group dynamics and the involvement of external staff all played key roles in fostering student engagement. GIS helped to develop spatial thinking skills and enabled students to work with real-world data. However, the case study identified shortcomings in GIS, highlighting the importance of instructing students how to use GIS. Overall, GIS has real potential as a tool to support student engagement with Service Learning by using local data and applying it in a real-world setting.
Studies of Dº→Kºsh+h'- decays at the LHCb experiment
Keywords: Particle Physics
Amplitude Analysis
Charm Physics
High Energy Physics
Flavour Physics

This thesis documents two studies of the neutral charm meson system using the LHCb detector, and gives an overview of the numerous changes made to the LHCb software trigger in advance of Run 2 of the LHC.
In the first analysis, amplitude models are applied to studies of the resonance structure in D0 → K0SK−π+ and D0 → K0SK+π− decays using proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−1, collected during Run 1 of the LHC. Relative magnitude and phase information is determined, and coherence factors and related observables are computed for both the whole phase space and a restricted region of 100 MeV/c2 around the K&ast;(892)± resonance. Two formulations for the Kπ S-wave are used, both of which give a good description of the data. The ratio of branching fractions B (D0→ K0SK+π−) /B (D0→ K0SK−π+) is measured to be 0.655 ± 0.004 (stat) ± 0.006 (syst) over the full phase space and 0.370 ± 0.003 (stat) ± 0.012 (syst) in the restricted region. A search for CP violation is performed using the amplitude models and no significant effect is found. Predictions from SU(3) flavour symmetry for K&ast;(892)K amplitudes of different charges are compared with the amplitude model results, and marginal agreement is found.
The second study estimates the sensitivity to D0–D̄0 mixing and indirect CP violation parameters that can be achieved using a model-independent technique and the samples of D0→ K0SK+K− decays recorded by LHCb in Run 1 and Run 2 of the LHC. These studies show that constraints on these parameters could be significantly improved by an analysis of the anticipated Run 2 dataset.
Methods for phasing and imputation of very low coverage sequencing data
Keywords: Genome-wide association study
GLPhase
CONVERGE
Haplotype Reference Consortium

The introduction of massively parallel short-read sequencing has facilitated rapidly dropping costs of DNA sequencing. This has led to substantial growth in the size of human sequencing projects, with consortia of low coverage sequencing data containing tens of thousands of samples. However, current statistical methods for genotype calling from this data scale poorly with sample size, and are infeasible to use on the largest of current projects. This thesis explores the problem of genotype calling and phasing of large sample sizes of low-coverage sequencing data.
Current methods are applied to call and phase genotypes of the CONVERGE consortium, a data set consisting of very low coverage next-generation sequencing data collected from around 12,000 Chinese women. A genotyping accuracy of 92% as measured by squared Pearson correlation (R2) against a SNP geno-typing chip is achieved for minor allele frequencies &GT;5%, demonstrating that very low coverage sequencing can be used instead of SNP genotyping chips to genotype a study of this size.
A new statistical model is described that allows genotype calling and phasing of low coverage sequencing data in N(logN) time complexity, where N is sample size, which greatly improves run time compared to current methods. Other adaptations of the model, including a GPU implementation, are also presented.
The new statistical model is used to call and phase genotypes from the largest collection of low coverage sequencing data in the world (about 32,000 Europeans), the Haplotype Reference Consortium (HRC). At a non-reference allele frequency of 0.1% the HRC haplotypes provide a downstream imputation accuracy of up to 64% R2, compared to an R2 of 36% when using 1000 Genomes Phase 3 haplotypes, the largest publicly available collection of haplotypes derived from low coverage sequencing.
Finally, a web server has been written to allow small numbers of high coverage whole genome sequenced samples to be phased using the HRC panel. The HRC panel is only available to HRC consortium members, but this web server allows the academic community to gain access to the HRC panel for phasing their own samples.
Online optimisation of the CLIC drive beam bunch train recombination at CTF3
Keywords: non-linear dispersion
Optics optimisation
Dispersion correction
Orbit correction

The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) design is the leading alternative for a future multi-TeV e+e− linear collider. One of the key aspects of the design is the use of a Drive Beam as power source for the acceleration of the colliding beams. This work is focused on the optimisation of the set-up and the operations of the CLIC Drive Beam recombination at the CLIC Test Facility (CTF3) at CERN.
The main effects that may affect the beam quality during the recombination are studied, with emphasis on orbit, transverse dynamics and beam energy effects. A custom methodol- ogy is used to analyse the problem, both from a theoretical and a numerical point of view. The aim is to provide first-order orbit and transverse optics constraints, which can be used as guidelines during the set-up of the beam recombination process. The developed techniques are applied at the CTF3, and the results are reported. The non-linear beam energy effects have been investigated by means of MAD-X simulations. The results show that these effects might be critical for the quality of the recombined beam. A proper non-linear correction turns out to be necessary, especially in the Delay Loop (DL). An alternative DL optics is proposed to mitigate the non-linear energy effects using only linear elements, in contrast with the original design, which relies on sextupoles.
A set of tools for the online control and optimisation of the beam orbit and dispersion has been implemented, deployed and used for the optimisation of the Drive Beam produc- tion at CTF3. Particular effort was put into the development of a generic linear feedback application, which is presented in this work. Thanks to the generality of the problem and its implementation, the feedback has been successfully used for a series of optimisations of the beam at CTF3. A collection of experimental results, focused on the Drive Beam recombination process, is presented and discussed.
Measurements of the CKM angle γ at the LHCb experiment
Keywords: B physics
Large Hadron Collider
CKM matrix
CP violation

Two measurements of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa angle γ using B → DK and B0 → DK&ast;0 decays are presented in this thesis. The subsequent D meson decays to the KS0π+π− and KS0K+K− final states are studied using a binned Dalitz plot analysis. The D strong-phase variation over the Dalitz plot is taken from measurements performed at the CLEO-c experiment, making the analysis independent of a model to describe the D decay amplitude. Both measurements are performed using proton-proton collision data collected by the Large Hadron Collider beauty (LHCb) experiment in 2011 and 2012, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb−1 at centre-of-mass energies √s = 7 TeV and 8 TeV. The value γ= (62 +15−14)° is measured using B0 → DK&ast;0 decays and γ = (71 ± 20)° is measured using B0 → DK&ast;0 decays, with a second solution for each value corresponding to γ + 180°. The measurements are consistent with the world average value of γ.
Magneto-inductive wave data communications systems
Keywords: Magneto-inductive waves

Metamaterials display unusual electromagnetic properties, such as, a negative effective permeability and negative effective permittivity. This has sparked much interest due to possibility of negative refraction which was later confirmed by experiments.
The ability of magnetically coupled resonant circuits to display an effective permeability lead to the discovery of magneto-inductive waves. These waves are only supported on arrays of magnetically coupled resonant circuits. Research into magneto-inductive waves has been largely concentrated on their use in filters and their potential use in magnetic resonance imaging.
However, some work has proposed the use of magneto-inductive waveguides as a data transfer medium. This report builds on previous work which found that an optimum existed for terminal-waveguide coupling, and aims to investigate the application of magneto-inductive waves in data transfer systems.
A brief overview of the topic is given along with a description of the underlying characteristics. Factors that affect the capacity of magneto-inductive wave data transfer systems, such as inter element coupling, were identified. Two novel structures, both with the intent of increasing the bandwidth via different methods, are studied. One, by making a pseudo one-dimensional channel from a two-dimensional structure, and the other by using a dual-layer design to increase the coupling between adjacent elements. Both systems are modelled, using simple circuit theory and the impedance matrix method, and a comparison between simulated behaviour and experimental observation was made. There is discussion about the differences between experiment and simulation as well as their limitations.
Magneto-inductive wave data transfer systems are eventually expected to support multiple terminals and as previous research only considered two-terminal systems, an investigation into the response of a one- and two-dimensional system with a blocking terminal was undertaken. The system was modelled, again using simple circuit theory and the impedance matrix method, and simulation and experiment were compared. As a whole, the simulations showed good agreement with experiments, after some initial adjustments. Both one- and two-dimensional systems showed that their performance was not severely effected by a blocking terminal. This suggests that magneto-inductive waveguides could support more terminals.