The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is pleased to make thissubmission to the first Global Stocktake (GST). The GST sits at the heart of the ParisAgreement’s ambition cycle, set up by Parties to keep us on track towards fulfilling ourcollective goals. In light of the IPCC’s AR6 reports and the closing window to limittemperatureincreaseto1.5degrees,theGSTmustleadtotangibleactionacrossmitigation,adaptation and support. Having beenlaunchedat COP26inthiscritical decadefor climateaction, thefirstGSTmustthereforeincreaseourambitionandacceleratetheimplementationof climate policies and initiatives in order to meet the long-term goals set out in Paris. Giventhebreadthandcomplexityof thechallenge, itisvital thattheGSTisinformedbythewhole range of actors across society. The UK therefore welcomes the participation ofnon-Party stakeholders in the Information Collection and Preparation and TechnicalAssessment phases of the GST to dateandconsidersthisshouldcontinuethroughout theprocess, aswell astheroleof theHighLevel Championsinmobilisingandsupportingtheirefforts. AsParties, wecanlearnfromtheprogressmadethroughinternational andmulti-stakeholderinitiativessinceParis. TheGSTmandatetobeforward-lookingmeansitmustassesswhichsolutionsarereplicableandscalableaswell asidentifyingthegapsbetweencurrentpoliciesand targets. It should enable our Governmentsandother stakeholderstocontinuetodrivetransformation across the economy, increase our readiness to the impacts of climatechange, and get finance flowing to the right places. Tothat end, followingthecall for inputsmadeindecision19/CMA.1andreiteratedatSB56,this submission outlines the UK’s approach to and experience of climate solutions bothdomestically and incollaborationwithother Partiesandnon-Partystakeholders. It exploresthe ways inwhichafocusonscientificevidence, robust governance, domesticmobilisationand efforts to increase international cooperation have led to results before and duringtheUK’sCOP26Presidency. Wehopethatthepracticesandlessonsoutlinedinthissubmissionwill be helpful to others in developing their own climate policies according to theircircumstances. It is a UK priority to ensure that science underpins everydecisionmadeonclimateactiondomestically and internationally. The following are examples of how we have sought todevelop the evidence base and enablethebest ● Making efforts to translate climate information into accessible forms to ensureclimateevidenceistakenintoaccountacrosstheGovernmentportfolio,includingthedomestic £5m 4-year Climate Services for a Net Zero resilient World (CS-N0W)programme. ● Using expert input and citizen engagement to directly informpolicy and gainnew insights on net-zero solutions, including their feasibility, public perception andprioritisation of benefits and trade-offs. The UK established the Global Science

Partnership for Net-Zero at COP26, which will run four pilots in Colombia, India,KenyaandSeychelleswiththeaimof developingashareablemethodologythatcanbe replicated elsewhere. ● Supporting science-based development policies in developing countries bycommitting £100m of aid funding towards the Climate Adaptation and Resilienceresearch programme. ● Sharing knowledge of weather and climate science to create improved servicesthrough the Newton Fund Weather and Climate Science for Service Partnership,working with the UKMet OfficeandothersalongsideorganisationsinBrazil, China,India, South Africa and South-East Asia. ● Recognising the importance of Indigenous knowledge and Indigenous scienceand continuing to engage with the Local Communities and Indigenous PeoplesPlatform to benefit from enhanced understanding. ● Giventhevital rolethat educationplaysinhelpingtotackleclimatechange,seekingto provide childrenandyoungpeoplewithhigh-qualityeducationandtrainingthrough improving teacher training and development in STEM and other keysubjects, in line with the needs of the green economy. Education builds resilience,supports adaptation and helps to mitigate the climate and environment crisis byequipping young people with knowledge and skills for a changing world. The UK has developed robust legal frameworks to hold successive governmentsaccountable for climate action and progress against long term mitigation and adaptationgoals and policies, as set out below. TheUKtakesawholeofsocietyapproachtoclimatepolicy,recognisingthatclimatechangeis a complex issue that affects everyone and therefore requires the full and meaningfulinvolvement of all actors to meet the Paris goals. The Climate Change Act (2008) sits at theheart of theUK’sclimategovernancefor bothmitigation and adaptation. It established the Climate Change Committee (CCC) – anindependent statutory body to provide expert advice to the Government and DevolvedAdministrations on climate change mitigation and adaptation. The CCC reports toParliament. In2019theUKset alegally-bindingtarget toreachnet zeroGHGemissionsby2050,thefirst G7countrytodoso. Thisreplacedaprevioustargettoreach80%below1990levelsby2050, as set by the Climate Change Act in 2008. The same Climate Change Act introduced the UK’s Carbon we have a goal ofcapping emissions in successive five-year blocks. The carbon budgets currently set in

legislation(carbonbudgets1to6coveringtheperiodbetween2008to2037)areamongthemost stringent in the world. The work of the CCCwas vital in providing evidence-based independent advice aheadofeach carbon budget and informing the net zero target. Asclimatechangepolicyisdevolved, theDevolvedAdministrationsinScotland, WalesandNorthern Ireland have their own statutory emissions reduction targets. Progress towardsthese targets also contributes to achievement of UK-wide targets. The UK takes acoordinated approach, working across local and national government, the DevolvedAdministrations, and with businesses and civil society organisations, recognising thatworkingacrossall levelsof government isessential toensureconsistent actionandreduceemissions. Last year we set the UK’s sixth Carbon Budget into lawfor theperiodfrom2033to2037,including international aviation and shipping, which will take the UK to 77%reduction ingreenhouse gas emissions from 1990 levels by 2035, progressing our fair and inclusivetransition to net zero by 2050. The UK announced its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) in December 2020,whichcommitstheUKtoreduceall greenhousegasemissionsbyat least 68%by2030on1990levels. In response to Parties’ commitment in the GlasgowClimate Pact torevisit andstrengthen2030targetsinNDCsasnecessarytoalignwiththeParisAgreementtemperaturegoal,theUKcommunicateditsupdatedNDCforinclusionintheUNFCCCNDCsynthesisreport.TheUK has strengthened its NDCwithinformationondeliveryof our target andbymakingthefollowing updates in line with international best practice and the Paris Agreement ● We have clarified how our target - which remains a commitment to reduceeconomy-widegreenhousegasemissionsbyat least 68%by2030on1990levels-is compatible with the Paris Agreement temperature goal;● Wehaveexplainedmorefullyhowwewill delivertheNDCby2030,takingaccountofpolicies and plans announced since the NDC was first submitted in December 2020;● Wehaveupdatedonprogressmadeinexpandingtheterritorial scopeoftheNDCtoinclude the UK’s Crown Dependencies and Overseas Territories;● We have included more detail on the UK’s approach to gender, greenskills, publicengagement, Just Transition and how the UK is supporting other countries withdelivery of their NDCs. TheUK’sNet ZeroStrategy, publishedinOctober2021,isacross-economystrategywhichkeepstheUKonthepathtonet zero, includingtheactiontomeet carbonbudgetsandour2030 NDC. This was submitted to the UNFCCC as the UK’s second Long-Term LowGreenhouse Gas Emission Development Strategy (LT-LEDS) under the Paris Agreement. The policies and spending announced in the Net Zero Strategy mean that the UK hasmobilised £26 billion of government capital investment for the UK’s green industrialrevolutionsince2020. Together withtheBritishEnergySecurityStrategy, it will leverageanunprecedented £100 billion of private investment by 2030. There will be an independentreviewof thegovernment’sapproachtomeetingitsnet zerotarget, reportingbytheendof

2022. Thiswill ensuretheUKdeliversonourlegal netzerocommitment,giventhechangesin the economic landscape. The ClimateChangeAct alsocreatedthelegal frameworkfor climatechangeadaptationinthe UK, establishing a statutory obligation to produce a UK-wide Climate Change RiskAssessment and National Adaptation Programmeon afive-yearly basis. The Act provides for an Adaptation Reporting Power for the UK government, to requirepublic authorities and public and private companies that provide infrastructure andrelatedservices to report on how they have assessed climate change risks to their work. In order to assess progress in adapting toclimatechangefor Englandandissuesthat arereserved to the UK Government (as opposed to the Devolved Administrations), theAdaptationCommittee(AC) of theCCChassince2012usedanevaluationmethodbasedon a two-part framework, combining quantitative and qualitative information and evidencefrom multiple ● Cross-sector Indicator theCommitteecollectsindicatorstoassesstrendsin risk hazard, vulnerability and exposure.
Indicators are also collected toassess trends in adaptation action and impacts.● Decision-making the extent to whichplanningfor climatechangeistakingplace is assessed, including whether climate-sensitive plans and policies areadequately considering the risks and opportunities from climate change. The framework is designed to assesswhether risksidentifiedinthelatest ClimateChangeRiskAssessment (CCRA) havebeenreduced. Byconsideringbothwhat isdescribedinthecurrent National Adaptation Programme and other activity underway the AC uses thisframeworktoanswer a) Isprogressbeingmadeinmanagingrisk?andb)Isthere a good quality plan? The CCCpublishes biennial progress reports which include ascore out of nine for each adaptation priority area based on this assessment. For themost recent 2021cross-indicator set, theCCCidentifiedbothexistingandpotentialindicators. The indicators were selected on the basis of their suitability to demonstrate achangeovertime(evenifthereisnocurrentdataavailable)andthroughapplyingatheoryofchange approach to assess the indicators’ suitability. This approachhelpstoexpandandstreamlineexistingdatasources, ensuringthat theuseand interpretation of existing indicators ismaximisedbeforeincurringthecost andeffort ofdeveloping or sourcing new datasets. The UK places high value on transparency and accountability to measure progress andinformimproved policymaking. In August 2022, we submitted our 5th Biennial Report and8th National Communication. Aspart ofeffortstoensuretransparency,theUKseekstocontinuouslyimprovethequalityof reporting. For example, inDecember 2019,theUKsubmittedits4thBiennial Report.This

was reviewed by the UNFCCC Expert Review Team (ERT), which allowed the UK tostrengthen its report and re-submit it in June 2021 with further examplesontechnologicaltransfer activities, and clarification on Crown Dependencies and Overseas Territories(CDOT) inventories addressed. The improvements identified through this review processcontinue to inform our reporting as we move through the reporting and review cycles. We have also proactively set out our domestic policies in the UNFCCC context bypublishing our Adaptation Communication and Long-Term Low Emissions DevelopmentStrategy. The UK’s Adaptation Communication under Article 7 paragraph10and11of theParis Agreement was submitted in December 2020, with an update published prior toCOP26. The UK’s Net Zero Strategy was submitted to the UNFCCCin April 2022 as theUK’s Long-TermLowEmissions Development Strategy, setting out the UK’s plan toreachnet zero by 2050. The UK is committed to accelerating climate action across the economy by incentivisingsectoral transitionsinaninclusivemannerandcreatinganenablingenvironmentforfinancialinvestment to flow towards our climate goals. Low carbon transitions should be fair and affordable and not negatively impactdisadvantagedgroups. Wearecommittedtomonitoringtheimpactsofourclimateandcleanenergypolicies, andanydisparitieswhicharise, toassesstheneedfortargetedsupportfordisproportionately impacted groups, in line with the UNFCCC Gender Action Plan anddomesticlaw.Publicauthoritiesmustfulfil responsibilitiessetoutundertheUK’sEqualityAct(2010), which covers a range of protected characteristics. As a result, the UK’s NDCandAdaptation Communication both feature gender equality and inclusivity. The UK Government has committed to a 2024 coal phase out date and, as a foundingmember of the Clean Energy Transition Partnership, has implemented policy to endinternational fossil fuel financing. TheBritishEnergySecurityStrategy, publishedinApril2022, sets out plans toreduceBritain’sdependenceonfossil fuels, includingplanstostopimporting Russian oil and coal by the end of 2022 and Liquified Natural Gas as soon aspossiblethereafter, aswell asplanstoboost our diversesourcesofhome-grownenergyforgreater energy security in the long-term. The government has also unveiled a landmarkcommitment to decarbonise the UK’s electricity system by 2035 subject to security of supply. Home-grownenergyincludesnewambitionforsolarcapacitytogrowupto70GWby2035;up to 24GWof nuclear power by 2050 and increasing thepaceof deployment of offshorewindby25%todeliverupto50GWby2030,includingupto5GWofinnovativefloatingwindtechnology. TheUKisalsocommittedtoimplementingajusttransitionintheUK.OurNetZeroStrategysets out a commitment to collaboration between government, industry and other

stakeholders to form a new Green Jobs Delivery Group to ensure that the UK has theskilled workforce needed to deliver a green industrial revolution. It will alsolooktoexplorewhat actions can be taken across industry to improve diversity in the green economy,including improving data collection and transparency. TheUnitedKingdomisastrongadvocatefor advancinggender equalityanddiversityintheenergy sector. We are signatories to the Clean Energy Ministerial Initiative, Equality inEnergy Transitions, and the Equal by 30 Campaign, tosupport worktoclosethepaygap,improvefemalerepresentationinsenior rolesandwidenopportunityforwomenintheglobalclean energy sector by 2030. The UK’s Environment Act, passed in November 2021, focuses on driving nature’srecovery and sets anambitiontorestorenatureandhalt thedeclineinspeciesabundanceby2030. TheUKhasalsooutlinedplanstoreformouragriculturalpolicy,movingtowardsasystembasedonpayingpublicmoneyforpublicgoods.Thesereformstothewaywegrowour foodandmanageour landwill helptodeliver thepromisesset out inthegovernment’s25 Year Environment Plan. We have brought woodland cover back up to 13%of our land from5%in 1924. We willtreblewoodlandcreationratesinorder tomeet theUK’stargetofincreasingplantingratesto 30,000 hectares per year by 2025, and maintain newplantingat least at thislevel from2025 onwards. TheUKhasestablishedtheUKBlueCarbonEvidencePartnershiptofurthertheevidencebase on blue carbon habitats in UK waters, advancing our commitment to protect andrestore blue carbon habitats as a nature-based solution. 38%of UKwatersarealreadyinMarineProtectedAreas,coveringthemajorityofsaltmarshandseagrasshabitats. TheUKhascommittedtodesignatinganumber ofHighlyProtectedMarine Areas, including areas containing important habitats for long term carbon storage.TheUKGovernmentiscommittedtohelpingthefishingindustryreducetheiradverseimpacton the marineenvironment andadapt toclimatechange. TheClimateChangeObjectiveinthe Fisheries Act ensures that consideration is taken of howfisheries management policycanmitigateagainst theeffectsofclimatechange,whereappropriate,aswell asadaptingtoany future impacts of climate change. The UK is phasing out the sale of newpetrol and diesel carsandvansby2030and,from2035, ensuringthat all newcarsandvansmust bezeroemissionsat thetailpipe.TheGovernment hascommitted£2.5billionsince2020tosupportthetransitiontozeroemissionvehicles, with funding to offset their higher upfront cost, and to accelerate the rollout ofchargepoint infrastructure. Mediumand Heavy Goods Vehicles wouldbezeroemissionby2040. WeannouncedintheNet ZeroStrategythatwewill introduceazeroemissionvehicle

mandate, setting targets for a percentage of manufacturers' newcar and van sales to bezero emission each year from 2024. TheUKGovernment’sambitionistoenabledeliveryof 10%sustainableaviationfuelsby2030andwewill besupportingUKindustrywith£180millionfundingforsustainableaviationfuel demonstration plants. We are taking action to reduce emissions through the Jet ZeroCouncil and a £125 million government investment in the Future Flight challenge. On maritime, the UK has committed to support the establishment of green shippingcorridors and will invest £206 million in research and development funding for the UKShipping Office for Reducing Emissions to accelerate the sector’s transition. TheBreakthroughAgendawaslaunchedattheCOP26WorldLeadersSummitAcceleratingClean Technology Innovation and Deployment event. The UK has endorsed all five of theexisting Breakthrough themes (steel, hydrogen, agriculture, road transport and power). Thenext stageof theprocessistoagreepriorityprojectsbasedontherecommendationsofthe independent Breakthrough Agenda Report co-authored by the IEA, IRENA and theUNFCCCHighLevel Champions. UKdomesticpolicywill bealignedwithactionsundertheagenda and will help work towards making clean technology available, accessible andaffordable to all. The UK is committed to ambitious action to align our financial flows with low-carbon andclimate resilient development. Werecognisethefinancial systemiscritical toachievingournet zero goal, while also protecting the UK’s natural envionrment. Since publishing theGreen Finance Strategy (GFS) in 2019, the government has delivered on a number ofcommitments. This includes ‘greening finance’, supporting the financial services sector to align with theUK’s net zero commitment and wider environmental goals, where we ● Committedtoimplement aUKGreenTaxonomytoset arobust standardfor whichinvestments count as green, by the end of 2022.● Announced plans for legislation for economy-wide Sustainability DisclosureRequirements (SDR), which will see businesses across the economy andinvestment productsreportingconsistent informationonhowtheyimpactclimateandthe environment. ● And as standards for transition plansemerge, theUKGovernment andregulatorswill take steps to incorporate these into the SustainabilityDisclosureRequirementsand strengthen requirements to encourage consistency in published plans andincreased adoption by 2023. Aswell as‘financinggreen’,tomobiliseprivatefinanceatscaletosupportcleanandresilientgrowth, where we

● LaunchedtheUKInfrastructureBank, witha£22billionplantosupportnetzeroandboost regional growth to make clean energy the largest sector for investment.● Launched two UK Green Gilts, raising a total of £16 billion for green projects. TheUKwill alsopublishanupdatetotheGreenFinanceStrategytoset out apathwaytoalign the financial sector with net zero.
Alongside the forthcoming UK 2030 StrategicFramework on International Climate and Nature Action, which will define the UKGovernment’s vision for a long-term role on tackling the interlinked challenges of climatechange and biodiversity loss, of which finance plays a large role. Gender Responsive Climate Policy Theimpactsof climatechangearedisproportionatelyfeltbywomen,aswell asgirlswhoareset to experience more extreme weather than previous generations. We recognise thatgender mainstreaming through all relevant targets and goals in activities under theConventionandtheParisAgreement will makeanimportant contributiontoincreasingtheireffectiveness, fairness and sustainability. As part of our Net Zero Strategy, theUKcommittedtointroduceinclusiveclimatepolicies,Actionfor ClimateEmpowerment andsupportfortheUNFCCCGenderActionPlan.TheUKis also driving inclusive action by championing increased gender representation acrossinternational organisations. The UK values and supports international collaboration and has made efforts to drivecooperation in order to deliver complex climate policy solutions and drive change at thescale required globally. This approach framed much of our approach to the COP26Presidency. The following are examples and methods used across initiatives oninclusion,adaptation, mitigation, sectors and means of implementation. TheUKaimstosupport international effortstotackleclimatechangeandtoensurethatthetransition to net zero is fair and affordable and does not negatively impact disadvantagedand vulnerable groups – in particular women, young people, children, ethnic minorities,Indigenous groups and those with disabilities. As the COP26 Presidency, the UKGovernment has raised ambition fromother countries to enhance gender-responsive andinclusive climate action in their national contexts, and to learn fromand amplify the goodpractices of other countries and observer organizations. The UK government has provided funding and support to widen participation in climatenegotiations by funding the Climate Ambition Support Alliance (CASA), which is anInternational Climate Finance programme that supports climate vulnerable countriesadvocating for strong climate ambition and enables them to attend negotiationswell-prepared, drawing on appropriate evidence, and developing joint positions with othercountries. These coalitions have, over the years, been instrumental in the negotiations. CASAprovidestechnical andpractical support todevelopingcountrynegotiatinggroups,sothat theycanparticipateeffectivelyininternational climatenegotiations.Assuch,CASAhasembeddedinclusionintoitsprogrammedesignanddeliveryapproach. Theprogrammehassuccessfullyprovidedsupportandtrainingtoyouthnegotiators,aswell astrainingforfemalenegotiators and supporting the high-level representation of women in climate negotiations. FromApril 2011 to March 2022, it is estimated that the UK’s climate financeprogrammeshave directly supported 95 million people to cope with the effects of climate change.Examples of UK programmes supportingpeopletocopewiththeeffectsof climatechangeare the ‘Global Agriculture and Food Security Programme’, ‘African Risk Capacity’,‘Infrastructurefor ClimateResilient GrowthinIndia’, ‘Adaptationfor SmallholderAgriculturalProgramme’, and ‘Transboundary Water Management in Southern Africa’. The number of people who have received direct support from UK International ClimateFinance (ICF) interventions to equip them to cope with increased climate variability andshocks istracked as a key performance indicator. We used our COP26 Presidency to mobilise support for locally-led approaches toadaptation. Over $450mwas mobilised through the LDCInitiative for Effective Adaptationand Resilience (LIFE-AR), Financing Locally-Led Climate Action Program (FLLoCA),CommunityResiliencePartnershipProgram(CRPP)andtheTaskforceonAccesstoClimateFinance. Regional programmes, including the Climate Actionfor aResilient AsiaandtheAfricaRegional ClimateandNatureprogrammeswill receiveupto£274mand£42mofnewfunding respectively. The UKrecognisesthat climatechangeiscausinglossanddamagetooccur nowandthattheselossesanddamagesarelikelytoincrease. WemadesurethatCOP26drewattentionto this fact, calling for more funds to address loss and damage and agreeing that theSantiago Network should receive and administer funding to ensure delivery of technicalassistance. We are clear that thereismuchtobedonethat canavert andminimiselossanddamagethrough adaptation and early action and so responding to loss and damage is integral tobothour development workandhumanitarianresponse. Weseektoensurethatourfundingresponds effectively to local needs, and is effective over the long term. The UK spent £2.4billionbetween2016and2020onadaptationandinvestmentsinareasneededtoaddresslossesanddamages,including:£303milliononHumanitarianassistancedirectly linked to building resilience; £396 million on social protection; £196 million onfinancial protection and risk management. The UK’s International Development Strategy, published in May 2022, reiterated ourcommitment to doubling our ICF to £11.6bn over the period 2021/22 to 2025/26, with abalance betweenmitigationandadaptation, andadditional immediateresponsetolossanddamage through humanitarian funding. The UK is a core funder and, alongside Jamaica, 2021-2022 co-chair of the NationallyDetermined Contributions Partnership (NDCPartnership). TheUKhascommitted£27mtotheNDCPartnershipfrom2019to2025, supportingdevelopingcountrymemberstoturnNationally Determined Contributions fromstand-alonedocumentsintonational policiesandplans. As part of this funding the UK has supported the Climate Action Enhancement Package,which supported over 60 countries to update their NDCs in advance of COP26, and theEconomic Advisory Initiative, which was launched in response to Covid-19 to supportgovernmentsinpreparingclimatecompatiblerecoverypackagesbyembeddingeconomicadvisors into ministries of finance and/or planning. The UKCOP26Presidencylaunchedandsupportedabroadrangeof sectoral initiativesatCOP26that support global climateambition, byensuringcountrytargetsareturnedintorealworld action in an inclusive way. The UK is nowworking to continue global collaborationthrough these initiatives, as well as to implement the commitments made at COP26. The UK established the Breakthrough Agenda in Glasgowat COP26, as a commitmentfrom countries to work together internationally this decade to accelerate the developmentanddeployment of thecleantechnologiesneededtomeetourParisclimategoals,ensuringthey are affordable and accessible for all. This year the UK has been developing ablueprint of how to enhance international collaboration across five key sectors(hydrogen, steel, power, road transport and agriculture), informed by the authoritative andindependent Breakthrough Agenda Report, co-authored by the IEA, IRENA and the HighLevel Champions. We have worked closely with endorsersof theBreakthroughAgendatoidentifywaystoenhanceinternational collaboration. Thesewill besetoutatCOP27throughthe identification of a series of priority projects in each sector. The COP26 Presidency focused on accelerating the shift to clean energy globally byencouraging countries and parties to set clear coal power phase out dates through thePowering Past Coal Alliance (167members, co-chairedwithCanada), theNoNewCoalPower Compact and tocommit toworktogether tomakecleanpower themost affordableand accessible option globally through the Global Coal to Clean Power TransitionStatement (45 country signatories). Additionally, 39 signatories committed to endinternational public support for fossil fuelsby theend of 2022. Oncleanenergydeployment,emergingeconomiesjoinedtheEnergyTransitionCounciltoraise ambition and receive technical support on their clean energy transition, and theUK-India led Green Grids Initiative – One World One Sun One Grid was launched toaccelerate the development of grids as a critical enabler for renewable energy deployment. The UK authoredInternational Just TransitionDeclarationwassignedbyover 30donorcountries, covering a huge proportion of global international public financing, thefirst everdeclaration tosupport theconditionsfor ajust transitioninternationallytocreategreenjobsthat recognise and promote the inclusion of all, such Indigenous Peoples, gender anddisabilityinclusion, intergenerational equity, youngpeopleandworkforceincarbon-intensiveindustries. Wesupportothersenhancinggender-responsiveclimateactionintheirnational contextsandencourage countries to engage with initiatives that promote this action. This couldincludethe Equality in Energy Transitions initiative and the Equal by 30 Campaign. The energy crisis and Russia’s illegal invasion of Ukraine has highlighted the reliance onfossil fuels and underlined the volatility and vulnerability of fossil fuel markets. We areadvocatingforafurthershifttocleanenergy,includingincreasedsolar,winddeploymentandgreater energyefficiencyaskeytoclimateandenergysecurity,andlong-termprosperity.AtCOP27, we aim to showcase the opportunities and solutions for accelerating the cleanenergy transition, and what a 1.5 pathway looks like for regions with access-to-energychallenges, particularlyacrosstheAfricancontinent.TheUKwill alsocontinuetosupporttheUS and the EU on their leadership of theGlobal MethanePledge. COP26 delivered a highly significant package of policy initiatives and announcements onforestsandland-use,with91%oftheworld’sforestscoveredbyapledgefrom145countriesto halt and reverse forest loss and land degradation by 2030 in the GlasgowLeaders’Declaration on Forests and Land Use (GLD).
If implemented, this would deliver 10%ofthe emissions reduction needed by 2030 in order to meet net zero by 2050. The GLD is underpinned by a number of additional commitments which will support itsimplementation across international trade, and public and private finance. $19.2 billion ofpublic and private funds were committed to forest and land use, including $12 billion ofpublicfundsthroughtheGlobal ForestFinancePledgeand$7.2billionofprivateinvestmentandphilanthropy. Thesecommitmentsdemonstratehowactiononforestsandland-usecancontributetokeepingthe1.5temperaturegoal insight,tosupportingsustainablelivelihoods,andtomeetingsharedpromisesonadaptationandfinance.Nowwearefocusingonturningthis ambition into action, by maintaining political momentum and continuing to bringhigh-ambition countries together to focus on working together to deliver these ambitioustargets. We used the focus on nature at COP26 to call for ambitious action toprotect andrestoreocean health and resilience, including by championing a target to protect at least 30percent of the global oceanby2030asleadersof theGlobal OceanAlliance. Under ourPresidency, COP26 also agreed to a new annual UNFCCC dialogue on climate and theocean, acommitment toinvitetherelevant workprogrammesandconstitutedbodiesunderthe UNFCCC to consider how to strengthen and integrate ocean-based action in theirexisting mandates and workplans. Weareactivelyengagedwithinternational partnershipsincludingtheGlobal OceanDecadeProgramme for Blue Carbon (GO-BC). GO-BC is a partnership under the UNDecade ofOcean Science for Sustainable Development which seeks to establish a robust evidencebase to further global thinking on blue carbon habitats. The UK supported and funded the formation of theNorthEast AtlanticOceanAcidification(NEA-OA) Hub in the UK as part of the Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network(GOA-ON). In June 2022, the UK joined the International Alliance to Combat OceanAcidification (OA Alliance). The UK is a member of theInternational Partnershipfor BlueCarbon, theOceanRiskandResilience Action Alliance and the International Partnershipfor MarineProtectedAreasforBiodiversity and Climate. The UK’s finance for nature leadership includes delivery of our £500mBlue Planet Fundprogramme, which supports developing countries to protect the marine environment andreduce poverty. At COP26, over 100signatoriesincludingFord, GM,and13USstatesandcitiestotheZEVDeclaration, committed to rapidly accelerate the transition to zero emission vehicles to100%newcarssalestobezeroemissionvehiclesby2040globally,andby2035inleadingmarkets. We nowhave over 190 signatories to the declaration but wemust gofurther andfaster tosupport the global transition. At New York Climate Week, we announced our intention tolaunch the Accelerating to Zero Coalition to build on the ZEV Declaration. The A2ZCoalitionwill bringtogetherall theleadingactorscommittedtoaParis-alignedZEVtransition(governments at national, sub-national and city-level, businesses, investors, andorganisations) ● Expandthemembershipof actorscommittedtoall salesofnewcarsandvansbeingzeroemissiongloballyby2040,and2035inleadingmarkets,inordertogenerateanunequivocal signal across all markets;● Support existingmemberstodeliver ontheir commitmentsbynurturinganddrawingon an International Community of Best Practice; and● Provide a mechanismto continuously coordinate and align all leadingdemandandsupply-side initiatives. Major steps are still neededtoensurethewholeglobal financial systemisalignedwiththeambitionof Parisanddeliveringlowemissionandclimateresilientdevelopment.TheGlobalStocktake can help maintain momentum towards this realignment and evaluate progressagainst meeting Article 2.1cof theParisAgreement, whilst alsoencouragingthecontinuedscalingupandeffectiveuseofthevariousinstrumentsatplay,includingthroughcooperationinternationally and with the private sector. With this vision in mind, the UK has severalpriority areas of

Scaling up public support where it is most needed● InourInternationalDevelopmentStrategy,publishedinMay2022,wereiteratedour commitment to doubling our provision of International Climate Finance(ICF) contribution to£11.6bnbetween2021/22and2025/26, ensuringabalancedsplit between mitigation and adaptation finance. A major focus of our ICFprogramming will be on accelerating the clean energy transition in developingcountries and at least £3bn of our ICFbetween2021-26will beinvestedinclimatechangeandpovertyreductionsolutionsthatprotect,restoreandsustainablymanagenature. ● Continuing to support aneffectiveglobal climatefinancearchitecture. TheUKis one of thelargest contributorstothemajor multilateral climatefunds, with£724mprovided over 2019 and 2020. We will use our voice in the funds to championtransformational change, increase effectiveness at mobilisation of private finance,and deliver support for adaptation in the poorest and most vulnerable countries. Mobilising the global financial system and enhancing the role of the private sector● Working with investors, including Glasgow Financial Alliance for Net Zero(GFANZ), to identify and scale up private investment opportunities in emergingmarkets and developing countries. ● Supportingeffortstobuildafinancial architectureequippedtomobiliseinvestmentandensurethatsupportisflowingtodevelopingcountries.Newpartnershipssuchasthe Just Energy Transition Partnerships and the Climate Finance LeadershipInitiative, where the UK plays a leading role, are an important step in supportingdeveloping countries to realise ambitious plans for energy transition. ● Supporting the operationalisation of the Taskforce on Climate-related FinancialDisclosures (TCFD) and the International Sustainability Standards Board(ISSB), ensuringtheTaskforceonNature-relatedFinancial Disclosures(TNFD)isembedded in ISSB. We have supported the TNFDSecretariat throughfundingandpilot projects to ensure it can be applied internationally (e.g. ASEAN project). ● Deliveringonour commitment toensureall ourODAexpenditureisalignedwiththeParis Agreement and nature positive. Alongside committing to end new directpublic support for the international unabated fossil fuel energy sector by theend of 2022, except in limited and clearly defined circumstances. ● Championing the Voluntary Carbon Markets Initiative (VCMI) and the IntegrityCouncil for the Voluntary Carbon Market (IC-VCM). This will helptoensurethatprivate capital from companies flows in a transparent way to further emissionsreductionandremoval projectsindevelopingcountries.VCMI’sworkoncredibleuseof voluntary carbon markets, and IC-VCM’s work on credit quality can provide thebuilding blocks for scaled, high integrity voluntary carbon markets. Responding to challenges faced by the most vulnerable● Driving policy and programming reform to the multilateral architecture, improvingaccesstoclimatefinancefordevelopingcountriesandlocal communitiesthroughour

work on the Taskforce on Access to ClimateFinance. Wearealsoamember oftheChampions Group on Adaptation Finance. ● Improving debt practices by supporting the implementation of the G20-Paris ClubCommon Framework for Debt Treatment to tackle debt vulnerabilities. We willpromotegreaterdebttransparencyandsustainabilityamongborrowersandcreditors,working with and through the International Financial Institutions. We will drive theuptake of climate resilient debt instruments (CDRCs), which automatically deferdebt repayments in response to climate shocks or disasters. ● Embedding principles of inclusivity in finance. We will strengthen socially anddisability-inclusive climate action within the UK’s ICF portfolio, and increase theproportion of our ICF that has gender equalityasaprincipleor significant objective(as defined by the OECD Dac Gender Equality Policy Marker). ● Developingaframeworkthat aimstoguideinvestment towardsaglobal netzerotransitionthat alsosupportstheUN’sSustainableDevelopmentGoals.Thiswillindicate how support for developing countries and emerging economies canaccelerateclimateambitioninaninclusiveway. Thisisthefirst timedonorcountrieswill haveset outhowtheywill supportthistransition,includingthroughfinancial flowsfor quality local jobs in the most vulnerable communities. The COP26 Catalyst for Climate Action, aUKPresidencyconvenedframework, broughttogether keystakeholdersoncapacitybuildingtodiscussimplementingtheParisAgreementandtocatalyseactioninfour (iii) adaptation communications; and (iv) participation in carbonmarkets. Thesethemes reflect themost significant challengesinrelationtotheimplementationof theParisAgreement andwider climateaction,identifiedthroughbroadstakeholderconsultationatthestart of the initiative. Since the launch, detailedrecommendationsontheareashavebeenpublished. The UK is continuing to work directly with partner governments to understandthesupporttheyrequiretoenhanceandimplement their NDCs. Throughthe2050CalculatortheUKisrespondingtodemandfromcountriestodevelopandcommunicatelow-carbondevelopmentplans. The Climate Finance Accelerator brings project developers, private investors and policymakers together to improve the financial structuring of sustainable infrastructure projects,and identify policy and regulatoryinterventionstoleadtoatransformational mobilisationoffinance into key low-carbon sectors. The UK values the Technology Mechanismunder the UNFCCCand its role in supportingcountry efforts to accelerate and enhance climate action. To support the operation of theClimate Technology Centre and Network and the delivery of technical assistance to help

countries effectively reduce greenhouse gasemissionsandadapt totheadverseeffectsofclimate change, the UK ● Provideda£1mvoluntarycontributiontotheClimateTechnologyCentreandNetworkin 2021; and● Co-convened a donor roundtable at COP26 in Glasgow with the COP25 ChileanPresidency to encourage further pledges of support for the CTCN.
Thefirst Global Stocktakeweareundertakingwill informthecourseofglobal climateactionintheimmediateterm,inthenextambitioncycleoftheParisAgreement-includingNDCstobe announced in 2025 - and beyond. A meaningful outcome will dependonour collectiveability to learn from each other to test, improve and deploy solutions that can be sharedwhile being implemented in a way that is adapted to the relevant context. In view of that objective, we hope that the approaches outlined in this submission are ahelpful contribution to the discussion. The UK has found that a focus on evidence, stronggovernance, international collaborationandontheinclusionofall partsofsocietyhashelpedustobuildmomentumandchart ajourneythatacceleratesclimatepolicytowardsdeliveringon the Glasgow Climate Pact and meeting the goals of the Paris Agreement, whileconsidering the economic system as a whole and upholding the needs of the mostvulnerable.