UoS-ECS-Rai/sustainability-policymaking huggingface dataset:
In order to estimate CO₂ removals/emissions from the 4B2 "Land Converted to Cropland" category there were calculated carbon stock in biomass (losses and increments) due to the conversion of land from natural conditions and other uses to cropland, including deforestation, conversion of pasture and grazing lands as well as perennial plantations to cropland etc. At the same time, estimates for this category also included N₂O emissions resulting from conversion of grassland to cropland. Table 6-37: Stubble Fields Burning in the Republic of Moldova within 1990-2016 periods Source: Ministry of Ecology Construction and Territorial Development/National Irwitute of Ecology (2003), State of the Environment Report of the Republic of Moldova in 2002 (National Report). Chis- nau, Modul Arabart, 2003, 144 p. (page 60, Figund.19, information covering the period 1995-2002 State Ecological Inspectorate (2014), 5 Yearbook-2003 "Environment Protection in the Republic of Moldo State Ecological Inspectorate, editorial board: V. Curari et al-Ch Pastas, 2014 (Publishing house "apred)-300 p. (page 107, Figure 5, data reganding 2000-2013 SI Yearbook-10134 Errent Protection in the Republic of Moldova" State Ecological Inspectorate, editorial board V. Sangad, sdh dpov-China Post, 2015, Publishing house "Europees", 335 p. (page 79, Figure 4 data regarding 2000-2014 time series); Yearbook-2015 Protection in the Republic of Moldova") Ministry of Environment, SII; editorial board: Igor Tama let al. ); coord: Dumitru Dupor Chisinau: Punios, 2016 Publishing House "Busspres", 3468 p. (page 87, Figure 4. data neganding 2000-2015.
In the Energy Agreement for sustainable growth of September 2013, the following agreements have been made for the transport sector: CO emissions in the transport sector must be reduced by 17% by 2030 (compared to 1990) to a maximum of 25 megatons and must have decreased further by 2050 to a maximum of 12 megatonnes, in line with the European ambition to reduce CO emissions from the transport sector by at least 60% by 2050 compared to 1990. The Dutch government embraces these ambitions, which have been established in a broad dialogue between the parties involved. The ambition for the year 2050 is also in line with the challenge outlined by the Rli to meet the energy needs of transport and mobility by 2050 with 7 to a maximum of 15 megatonnes of CO emissions.
Economic development and increasing welfare result in inc- reasing energy consumption. In recent years the consump- tion of energy has grown by up to 18 percent per year (elect- ric energy) and a stable annual increase of 5-7 percent in energy consumption is predicted for the future. At the same time, energy conservation has not developed at all. It is only in the recent years that a steep rise in the prices of energy sources (liquid fuels) and heat has created increasing interest in energy saving. Due to growing consumption of electric energy in the Baltic States and Nordic countries, exports of electric energy are Increasing. As a result, the current share of oil shale in the primary energy balance persists. If the volume of consump- tion of oil shale (currently approximately 15 million tons per year) does not decrease, new mines will have to be opened in 15 years; should the consumption volume increase, that need would be realised even earlier. The poor technical condition of (some) district heating ne- tworks (and production facilities) reduces the advantages of district heating and necessitates the transfer to local heating which is an inefficient solution for the regional heating sys- tem and restricts the potential of combined heat and power production. When compared to the year 1991, the production of heat has declined by nearly 2.4 times and stabilised at the level of 8-9 TWh per year. Recent trends suggest that the price of gas will rise in Estonia soon, thus hindering the introduction of gas as fuel in the near future. The competitive ability of biofuels is being inhibited by the rise in prices resulting from the decrease of resources and increase of processing costs, with the prices of local biofuels being comparable to these prevailing in the world market due to the large volume of exports. The volume of firewood stock will decrease by up to two ti- mes by the year 2015, mainly due to changes in the species composition and age structure of standing crop. On the other hand, owing to processing and logistic costs the energy po- tential of logging waste has not been realised yet. From the beginning of the 1990s untill 2002 the emissions of CO, per inhabitant decreased significantly, but remained relatively high still when compared to the average level of Europe. In terms of emissions per unit area, which is a more relevant indicator from
These Regulations amend the Planning (Hazardous Substances) (No.2) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2015 as a consequence of the commencement of the Departments (Transfer of Functions) Order (Northern Ireland) 2016. They provide that before determining an application for hazardous substance consent, the council must consult with the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (previously the Department of the Environment) and that where an application is made by a council to the Department for hazardous substance consent, the Department for Infrastructure will have to consult with the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs.
This Order amends the Marine Licensing (Exempted Activities) Order 2011 to introduce three new exemptions from the requirement to hold a marine licence. Those relate to the recovery of marine litter etc. in the course of diving activities, permitting harbour authorities to use vehicles or vessels to remove marine litter and debris and permitting the deposit of a substance removed from the hull of a vessel in the course of certain removal methods.
Table 2.1.1.9: Information on source category 1A1a Main activity electricity and heat production, gaseous fuels / NO, CO, NMVOC and SO
Energy
Sector
1A1 Energy Industries
Category
Source/Fuel/Gas
Key Category? 1A1a Main activity electricity and heat production, gaseous fuels/ NO, CO, NMVOC and SO,
Not applicable for pollutant emissions. Category Description / Defini- Sum of emissions from main activity producers of electricity generation, combined heat and power generation, and heat plants. Main activity producers (formerly known as public utilises) are defined as those
tion
undertakings whose primary activity is to supply the public. They may be in public or private ownership. Emissions from own on-site use of fuel should be included. Emissions from autoproducers should be
assigned to the sector where they were generated and not under 1A1a. Country Detail
Equation
(Describe variables for method
used)
In the RM electricity generation capacity include: Moldavian Thermal Power Plant (MTPP) in Dnestrovsk (on the left bank of the Dniester River) with an installed capacity of 2,520 MW; CHP-2 Chisinau, with
an installed capacity of 240 MW and 1,200 Gcalh heat capacity: CHP-1 Chisinau, with an installed capacity of 66 MW and 254 Gcalih heat capacity, CHP-North Balti, with an installed capacity of 24 MW and
200 Goalh heat capacity, other power plants, including CHP owned by sugar plants with an installed capacity of 97.5 MW operating on natural gas and residual fuel oil, built during 1956-1981. In recent years. renewable energy sources of small power are being developed. Their total capacity in 2015 represented 5 MW of electric power, while in 2016-circa 6.9 MW. In the RM, within 1990-2016, the share of gaseous
fuels (natural gases) from total fuel consumption within category 1A 1a increased from 44.4 per cent to 97.6 per cent. In 2016 was made the transition from an average NCV to an annual average NCV for natural
gases, based on the
Collection of household waste E+W 76 Collection of household waste E+W In section 46 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 (c. 43) (receptacles for household waste), after subsection (10) insert- " (11) A waste collection authority is not obliged to collect household waste that is placed for collection in contravention of a requirement under this section. " .
This order established a new UK emissions trading regime as the successor to the EU Emissions Trading Scheme following the UK's Withdrawal from the European Union. The scheme applies to greenhouse gas emissions from power and heat generations, energy intensive industries, and aviation. The order provides details on the rules governing the issuance and surrender of "allowances" equivalent to emissions falling within the scope of the sceheme. A number of derogations from the general rules are created for hospitals and small and ultra-small emitters. A modified version of the EU Monitoring, Reporting and Verification scheme is also mandated under the legislation. The order also describes the different agencies responsible for the regulation of the scheme across the UK and provides for enforcement of the scheme and sets out the penalty regime for non-compliance.
27 (1) The Committee is not to be regarded as the servant or agent of the Crown or as enjoying any status, privilege or immunity of the Crown. U.K. (2) The Committee is to be treated as a cross-border public authority within the meaning of the Scotland Act 1998 (c. 46) for the purposes of the following provisions of that Act- (a) section 23(2)(b) (power of Scottish Parliament to require persons outside Scotland to attend to give evidence or produce documents); (b) section 70(6) (legislation of Scottish Parliament not to require certain cross-border public authorities to prepare accounts).
The Scottish Industrial Energy Transformation Fund (SIETF) will provide grant funding to reduce energy costs and emissions through increased energy efficiency. Decisions on funding awards are weighted towards energy and/or carbon savings, therefore it is primarily aimed at businesses with high energy use.The SIETF currently consists of three competitions, with funding profiled from 2021 to 2026. These are as follows:This is part of a package of support for decarbonising energy-intensive industries alongside the Industrial Clusters Mission, and Climate Change Agreements.
If you use the following equipment, youre responsible for getting it checked for F gas leaks
If you rent out equipment, you may be responsible for leak checks rather than the end user, depending on the rental agreement. Responsibility for stopping leaks of F gas from equipment is shared between
How often you must check for F gas leaks
How often you must check for leaks depends on the
Frequency of equipment leak checks for common HFCs
Frequency of leak checks Equivalent weight of carbon dioxide that the equipment contains tonnes HFC 23 kg HFC 227ea kg HFC 404A kg HFC 410a kg HFC 134a kg
At least once every 12 months 5 to less than 50 0.3 1.6 1.3 2.4 3.5
At least once every 6 months 50 to less than 500 3.4 15.5 13 24 35
At least every 3 months 500 or more if contained in electrical switchgear or organic Rankine cycles, that were installed before 1 January 2017 34 155 127 240 350
With automatic leak detection 500 or more for all equipment other than electrical switchgear and organic Rankine cycles that were installed before 1 January 2017 34 155 127 240 350
Find out how to calculate the weight of an F gas in carbon dioxide equivalent
Theres no maximum period of time between leak checks on
If you install a system to automatically detect leaks, you can double the period of time allowed between leak checks. For example, with a leak detection system you must check a product that contains F gas equivalent to 5 tonnes of carbon dioxide every 2 years. When to fit automatic leak detection
You must fit a leak detection system if your equipment contains F gas equivalent to 500 tonnes or more of carbon dioxide. This does not apply to electrical switchgear or organic Rankine cycles installed before 1 January 2017. Mass of gases commonly used in refrigeration, air conditioning or fire protection equivalent to 500 tonnes of carbon dioxide
F gas Mass of gas equivalent to 500 tonnes of carbon dioxide kg
HFC 23 34
HFC 508B 38
HFC 507A 125
HFC 404A 127
HFC 434A 154
HFC 227ea 155
HFC 422D 183
HFC 438A 221
HFC 410A 239
HFC 407C 282
HFC 134a 350
The leak detection system must alert you, or a service company responsible for your equipment, if it detects a leak. You must have your leak detection system checked
If you find a leak
If you find a leak during a check, you must repair it as soon as possible and repeat the test within a month to check the repair worked. You are breaking the law if you dont have the right leak checks in place, or dont fix leaks.
The European Union's 2020 Climate Change and Energy Package, apart from presenting the policy framework for greenhouse gas emission mitigation up to 2020, also revisits previous Union policy in respect of renewable energy sources and energy efficiency. In an effort towards consolidating progress in increasing the share of renewable energy sources and enhancing energy efficiency, the Package establishes relevant targets for each Member State. Thus, under the Renewable Energy Sources Directive26 Malta is required to reach, by 2020, a 10% share of energy from renewable sources in gross final consumption, including a 10% share of renewable
Verifying the inter-annual evolution trends of emissions by creating representative charts, while unusual fluctuations are explained; Verifying maintenance and completion of the national inventory of GHG emissions archive. National Inventory Report: 1990 - 2019
- In soil cultivation, it is important to choose water-saving technologies and soil cultivation methods adapted to the needs of the plants. With as little cultivation as possible, reducing the number of soil rotations and always having a &quot;closed&quot; soil surface, efforts must be made to protect the water resources of the soil, and to receive precipitation and store it in the top layer. - Greenhouse gas emissions occur to a considerable extent through the use of machines in agriculture. Preferred support for energy-saving machines and modern devices can be a step forward. - The establishment of large product-producing animal farms can only be accepted if the by-products produced in animal husbandry are utilized in a closed technological system on the farm, and the intensive animal farms are connected to biogas plants. - Differentiated support according to the branch of cultivation is required for afforestation: higher support for arable land, lower support for the afforestation of pastures removed from agriculture. By increasing the forest area, the total area of Hungarian forests is expected to increase by 270-360 thousand hectares by 2025. During forest plantations, 25-33 million tons of carbon dioxide sequestration can be achieved by 2025 if native trees suitable for the growing area are planted, and 47-58 million tons in the case of plantations realized by planting fast-growing tree species (acacia, poplar, pine). At the same time, the planting of tree species with higher carbon sequestration is clearly not desirable everywhere from a nature conservation point of view. Land use aspects and the expected negative effects of climate change must also be taken into account before afforestation/plantation. For example, a forest created from a pasture can only result in net pollution years later, due to carbon dioxide emissions from the soil, it can emit more carbon dioxide than it absorbs for years. - Promotion of attitude formation in order to increase the social and economic support of forests and coordinated measures to curb illegal logging. - Strengthening and social and economic recognition of the protection functions of forest stands (protection of soil, water and biological diversity). The operational introduction of forest management methods that better serve the protection tasks of forests based on natural processes. - Research support with a tender system, primarily in order to select the right tree species,
This Directive, approved by European Parliament on 13 November 2018, establishes a common framework for the promotion of energy from renewable sources. It sets a binding Union target for the overall share of energy from renewable sources in the Union's gross final consumption of energy in 2030, equal to 32%. The Commission's original proposal did not include a transport sub-target, which has been introduced by co-legislators in the final agreement: Member States must require fuel suppliers to supply a minimum of 14% of the energy consumed in road and rail transport by 2030 as renewable energy. Moreover, fuels used in the aviation and maritime sectors can opt in to contribute to the 14% transport target but are not subject to an obligation. It also lays down rules on financial support for electricity from renewable sources and establishes sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria for biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels.
4.3.2 o To make sure that by 2010 renewable energies are in a strategic and competitive position with respect to fossil fuels, by increasing their contribution to the Spanish energy mix in terms of PER considerations to 32% of the gross electricity consumption by 2012, and 37% by 2020. industrial equipment, as well as buildings.
In 2017, the energy sector's emissions were about 23 per cent below the 1990 level (Figure 2.5). At the end of 1990s total energy consumption increased but emissions changed very little. The reasons for that were increased use of wood fuels, nuclear energy and net imports of electricity which lowers the condensing power production and thus emissions. In the 2010s emissions from the energy sector have a declining trend which deviates from the trend of the total energy consumption (Figure 2.6). In 1990, the share of renewable energy in total energy consumption was just 18 per cent, after which it has grown steadily, growing in the 2010s clearly faster than before and being 37 per cent in 2017 (Figure 2.7 and Figure 2.8). In addition, the net import of electricity has been at high level from 2012 on. The growth in the use of renewable energy compared to the situation in 1990 has replaced fossil fuels increasingly and is the main reason for the decreased emissions despite the growth in energy consumption in the energy sector.
Status: This is the original version (as it was originally enacted). SCHEDULE 16-Taxation of coronavirus support payments Document Generated: 2023-04-25 Finance Act 2020 (c. 14)
In Slovenia, 9,630 ha of forests are declared forest reserves in which forests are subject to natural development. Forest reserves contribute to the increase in biodiversity in forests and enable studies of natural development of forests. Wood as an important renewable natural resource has long contributed to the development of industry and the entire economy in Slovenia, especially in rural areas. Integration of forestry and wood industry with the purpose of providing wood processing and added value in the domestic environment is therefore important for the further development of the economy. Since wood is the most energy conserving material, forest and permanently integrated wood are important factors for carbon sequestration (carbon dioxide sink), which also presents a contribution to wise use of energy and clean environment. Sustainable wild game management also contributes to the economy, especially in rural areas, because hunting in the connection with tourism is an important source of income in rural areas. Hunting as a form of recreation attracts guests who at the same time consume other tourist offers, while game meat brings something new to the menu as well as to the tourist offer. Wild game also attracts other tourists who want to watch or take photographs.
British energy regulator Ofgam was given the greenlight for a GBP 40+ billion (USD 53.4 billion) investment program by the country’s energy network companies between 2021-2026 for a stronger, greener, and fairer energy system. It includes: - GBP 30 billion upfront funding for a clean and reliable energy system - GBP 10 billion for future green energy projects, notably expanding the grid to deal with a planned rise in installed offshore wind capacity to 40 gigawatt (GW) - GBP 132 million package of support measures for vulnerable consumers
Art. 8 1. The Authority for Electricity and Gas issues to the distributor annual energy efficiency certificates, with a value equal to the certified reduction in consumption pursuant to Article 7, paragraph 3. 2. Energy efficiency certificates may also be issued to companies operating in the energy services sector for projects carried out independently, in compliance with the guidelines referred to in article 5, paragraph 5. The provisions of article 7 shall apply to these projects. market referred to in article 5 of legislative decree no. 79, as part of the economic management of the electricity market, organizes, by 1 January 2002, a venue for the negotiation of energy efficiency certificates and prepares the rules for the functioning of the market in agreement with the Energy Authority electricity and gas. 4. The bargaining organization criteria conform to the market regulations approved by the Minister of Industry, Commerce and Crafts pursuant to Article 5, paragraph 1, of Legislative Decree no. 79. 5. The energy efficiency certificates are subject to negotiation between the parties also outside the headquarters referred to in paragraph 3. 6. The efficiency certificates issued under this decree and the energy efficiency certificates issued under of the decree referred to in article 16, paragraph 4, of the legislative decree 23 May 2000, n. 164, are the subject of bargaining between the holders and the subjects subject to the provisions of the same decrees, in compliance with the relative regulations. (Verification of achievement of objectives and sanctions)
Energy sector is the largest producer of greenhouse gas emissions and therefore the strategies regulating the sector are under closer attention. In accordance with Directive 2009/28/EC, Estonia must ensure that the share of energy from renewable sources amounts to 25% of the gross final consumption of energy by 2020. The share of renewable resources in final energy consumption was 28.6% on 2015, therefore Estonia has already reached its 2020 target and the share of renewable energy.
- Upgrading digital skills in military service Index: part Connectivity of the DESI - Digital Economy and Society Index - Axis 2.1: Connectivity for citizens, businesses, the state
F1 3 E+W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 repealed (15.1.2012) by Localism Act 2011 (c. 20) , ss. 47(a) , 240(1)(e) , Sch. 25 Pts. 8