UoS-ECS-Rai/sustainability-policymaking huggingface dataset:
New Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards in England and Wales came into force on 1st April 2018, requiring all rental properties to have a minimum Energy Performance Certificate rating of E. The regulations came into force for new lets and renewals of tenancies in April 2018 and will apply to all existing tenancies from April 2020. It will be unlawful to rent a property below the minimum E rating, unless there is an applicable exemption.
the country&#39;s vulnerability to climate change and extreme weather events. NATIONAL ADAPTATION PRIORITIESbl, CTPATEGIES, POLICIES, PLANS, OBJECTIVES AND ACTIONS Agriculture. Another priority sector covering a significant part of the population of Tajikistan and providing livelihoods, income and employment, which is affected by climate change. Climate change-related drought, the decline of rainfed agriculture, reduced crop yields and production, and crop failures and livestock deaths can be detrimental to dehkan farms.
Regulation (such as prescribing individual or general emission standards) can also to be a useful, pragmatic policy mechanism. Reducing emissions will require change investments in the supply of energy from fossil fuels to clean energy, as well as the mobilization of additional
8. Montenegro is an ecological country in which the harmony of the traditional way of life of man and his natural environment has been achieved, in which the environment is healthy, and the values of biodiversity, water, sea, air, land, space, as well as the values of other of natural resources, improved and preserved for generations to come. Ecosystem values and services have been preserved, increased scope of preserved natural, cultural and regional values, which sustainably and effectively manages, the adaptive capacity of humans, ecosystems and economic sectors to the effects of climate change has been increased and pollution has been remedied at key &quot;black&quot; ecological points. The share of energy from renewable sources is continuously growing, energy efficiency and the transfer of technological solutions have been made possible. which contribute to improving the quality of life in urban areas and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.By 2030, the level of greenhouse gas emissions will decrease by 30% compared to 1990. Montenegro achieves continuous, regionally uniform and work for all. inclusive, sustainable economic development, full employment and dignified The development trajectories of the use of natural resources, on the one hand, and economic activity and social well-being, on the other hand, diverge from each other, and are inversely positioned in relation to the growth of pressures on the environment and that by: i) economic activity directed at the sustainable use of natural resources, while reducing negative impacts on the natural environment, ii) by applying patterns of sustainable consumption and production, the greening of the economy, resource efficient and circular, is enabled. The concept of sustainable economic development is affirmed, which includes: health, education, healthy environment and sustainability of natural resources, socially responsible action, social inclusion and good governance, as an alternative to the concept that is solely based on affirming the competitiveness of the economic ambi- - yen and economic growth.
The UK’s first homes with household appliances fuelled entirely by hydrogen are being built in Gateshead, funded in part by the government Hy4Heat innovation programme. The homes are built in Low Thornley, Gateshead and will open in April 2021. The Scheme is part of the UK’s Ten Point Plan, which also includes a Hydrogen neighbourhood. The project secured a £250,000 grant from the government’s Hy4Heat Innovation programme and is being run by gas company Northern Gas Networks and Cadent, who have both also input £250,000 of funding each. The houses are open to the public, who will be able to view appliances and see how they compare to existing ones. Local schools, colleges and universities are also welcomed to learn about the new technology, as well as potential careers in the emerging green economy and in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) subjects.
This long-term Strategy is designed to guide decision making between now and the middle of the century – over 30 years in the future. It sets two new targets for the Scottish energy system by 2030: • The equivalent of 50% of the energy for Scotland’s heat, transport and electricity consumption to be supplied from renewable sources; • An increase by 30% in the productivity of energy use across the Scottish economy.
Space heating 15% of the total energy needed for space heating will be supplied from modern biomass boilers. 10% of the total energy required for heating the space will be supplied from the local heat pipe. 20% of the total energy required for space heating will be supplied from natural gas boilers. Preparation of hot sanitary water
This required increase in investment can, and should, be delivered largely by the private sector. It is well within the range of historical changes in UK total investment. 2. Why the Sixth Carbon Budget is right for the UK The economic context for the Sixth Carbon Budget
This Order provides the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (“SEPA”) with powers to impose civil enforcement measures on persons in relation to the offences specified in Schedule 4 to the Order (“relevant offences”). The enforcement measures are fixed monetary penalties, variable monetary penalties and enforcement undertakings. Enforcement undertakings are voluntary undertakings to take certain types of action, for example to secure the offence does not recur, or restore, benefit or improve the environment. SEPA may accept an offer of an undertaking if it has reasonable grounds to suspect that the person offering it has committed a relevant offence.
Registers U.K. 23 (1) The regulations may provide for the creation and maintenance of a register or registers of information relating to a trading scheme and, in particular, for the register or registers to keep track of any of the following- U.K. (a) the participants in a trading scheme; (b) any limits on or obligations applying to the participants' activities under the scheme; (c) any allocation of allowances among the participants; (d) the allowances, credits, certificates or other units held by the participants or others; (e) trading in allowances, credits, certificates or other units; (f) the use by the participants or others of allowances, credits, certificates or other units for the purposes of the scheme; (g) the cancellation of allowances, credits, certificates or other units; (h) permits held by the participants, and any conditions attached to those permits. (2) The regulations may, in particular, provide for the establishment and maintenance of accounts in which allowances, credits, certificates or other units may be held by the participants, the administrator or others and between which they may be transferred. (3) The regulations may provide for the same register to operate in relation to more than one trading scheme. (4) The regulations may make provision for the disclosure of information held in or derived from a register relating to a trading scheme- (a) for the purposes of the administration of another trading scheme for which provision is made by regulations under this Part of this Act, or (b) for the purposes of the administration of any other trading scheme (at United Kingdom, European or international level) relating to greenhouse gas emissions.
This Government is committed to delivering cleaner energy at least cost, as well as ensuring the security of electricity supply. The Governments Electricity Market Reform EMR programme provides an ambitious package of measures to incentivise the investment needed to replace the UKs ageing electricity infrastructure with a more diverse and low-carbon energy mix. Up to 110 billion of capital investment is needed from now until the end of the decade. It is imperative that independent renewable generators are able to access the energy market and help deliver this goal. The Offtaker of Last Resort will be vital to improve the route-to-market options for such generators, which will help unlock a significant pipeline of projects and bring essential competition, diversity and innovation to the market. The Offtaker of Last Resort OLR aims to guarantee eligible renewable CfD generators a route-to-market in such a way that, alongside the competitive allocation of CfDs, reduces the cost of investment in renewable electricity generation, boosts competition, and lowers costs to consumers. At its simplest, the OLR achieves this by providing renewable CfD generators with a guaranteed, backstop route-to-market for their power a Backstop Power Purchase Agreement BPPA. This will be at a significant discount to PPAs available in the open market. When combined with the CfD top up price, this will help investors and lenders understand the worst case price that the generator will receive for its power, giving them more certainty over the route-to-market risks. This is intended to enable lenders to accept more innovative routes-to-market, allowing generators to compete on a level playing field, and bringing more competition and innovation into the generation market. The high level policy design for the OLR was outlined in our February Consultation. DECC is now seeking views on the implementation of the OLR, including the proposed processes for applying and allocating BPPAs, refunding offtakers for providing the service, and reviewing the appropriateness of the scheme. This consultation is being published alongside
Responses to the consultation
DECC is seeking input from as wide a range of interested parties as possible and the consultation includes a series of broad questions to help shape contributions from interested parties.
public networks. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize that natural gas as a fuel may become possible B. only after 2020, when, according to the plans from the Energy Sector Strategy, the necessary infrastructure will be available to Montenegro. Introduction of solar energy for heat production. The main industrial capacities of Montenegro are located in the central part of the country where there is great potential for solar energy applications. Although most studies show that the simplest way is to control and stimulate energy applications for solar energy in households and the service sector, solar energy can be an advantage for the manufacturing sector. Therefore, a small amount of solar thermal energy is included as a measure to replace the coal and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) used for heat generation. In addition to solar energy, traditional biomass is used as a substitute for coal and LPG fuels used for heat production. The amount of LPG and coal replaced by solar energy and traditional biomass in the energy balance amounts to 10% at the end of the planning period. Energy management and the use of modern technology in the production sector will thus provide certain savings, especially when it comes to the use of heating oil and electricity. WAM/Industry only after 2020, when, according to the plans from the Energy Sector Strategy,
With regard to target 7.3, Luxembourg has set itself the energy efficiency objective in 2020 that the annual final energy consumption does not exceed 49,292 GWh, i.e. 4,239.2 ktoe (52,111 GWh or 4,481.6 ktoe in terms of primary energy)&quot;. Alongside the energy efficiency target, Luxembourg has also set an energy savings target of 5,993 GWh to be achieved by 31 December 2020. Luxembourg intends to achieve its overall energy savings target through an energy efficiency obligation scheme introduced in 2015. Although the energy savings target is not linked to the energy efficiency target in the sense that it is totally independent of the variation of the annual final energy consumption, the efficiency obligation mechanism is one of the main instruments to contribute to the achievement of the energy efficiency objective In 2015, the final energy consumption in Luxembourg amounted to 46,356 GWh and is therefore below the energy efficiency objective set for 2020. energy efficiency obligations, we will have to wait at least two years for results to be able to assess the impact of this mechanism, newly introduced in 2015.
The UK's NDC covers all sectors and gases. For CO2, CH4 and N2O the reference year is 1990 and for F-gases the reference year is 1995. The UK’s overall absolute target is to reduce GHG emissions at least by 68% (including LULUCF) by 2030 compared with reference levels. Emissions from International Aviation and Shipping are not included. The UK has a policy framework in force establishing the binding commitment of net zero emissions by 2050, and Scotland sets bolder goals to reach net-zero in 2045 and 75% below 1990 by 2030.
Wales pledges at least 80% reduction by 2050. The Climate Change Act introduced carbon budgets for the UK Government, which cap emissions over successive five-year periods and must be set 12 years in advance. The UK government is putting into force the Clean Growth Strategy, which is a Ten Point Plan for a green industrial revolution, encompassing clean energy, buildings, transport and technologies. Moreover, the government pushes for individual plans across keysectors such as Energy White Paper, Transport Decarbonisation Plan and Heat and Buildings Strategy (UK NDC, 2020). UK’s NDC establishes a reduction of 68% of 1990 levels including LULUCF emissions. If LULUCF is excluded, this is equivalent to 69% or 251 MtCO2e. CAT classifies this as strong target and once the UK adopts national policies (2030 ban on the sale of fossil fuel cars and a ramping up of renewable energy investment, particularly into offshore wind) it will bring their emissions in line with the 1.5°C goal. Also, the UK has a net-zero goal by 2050. CAT cannot rate, at this moment, the UK target due to complexities derived from Brexit (Climate Action Tracker, 2021).
These Regulations amend the Infrastructure Planning (Compulsory Acquisition) Regulations 2010. Regulation 3 is substituted and an new regulation (3A) inserted. Regulation 3 prescribes the form of a compulsory acquisition notice, a prescribed statement and information for purposes of section 134 of the Planning Act 2008. Regulation 3A requires the Secretary of State to review the operation and effect of regulation 3 (and the associated forms) in the 2010 Regulations.
The desired reduction of GHG emissions by 2020 of 20 per cent below the BAU scenario level requires decisive actions at the national and sector levels. For instance, considerable abatement contributions are expected to be achieved within the energy sector (533 ktep savings are envisaged from energy efficiency measures and 430 ktep savings from RES implementation covering the energy demand - the policy instruments in place envisage increasing the share of RES in the country's energy balance up to 20 percent by 2020, and covering up to 10 percent of the electricity demand with locally produced renewable energy by 2020).
Estonia's goals in reducing greenhouse gases (GHGS) are based on the EU climate and energy policy. The EU has set a goal of reducing GHG emissions by 20% by 2020, compared with the emissions level of 1990. The reduction of emissions will be achieved by combining two mechanisms - the EU Emissions Trading Scheme and national targets for sectors outside the trading system. In 2013, the EU emissions trading system was launched on a new and uniform basis, which means that auctions are the default means for emission allowance trading and operators are allocated free emission allowances (EAS) based on a harmonised approach. The EU has also set the goal of reducing emissions by 21% compared to the 2005 emissions level by the year 2020.
As landfilling of combustible waste was
only of secondary importance and is
prohibited completely since the year 2000
(section 4.8.2), greenhouse gas emissions
from solid waste disposal sites are small,
further decreasing, and only result from
Landfilling of combus-waste deposited before the implementation
tible waste
of the ban on landfiling of combustible
waste. The WEM scenario is thus based
on a continuation of the model for land
filling of combustible waste until 2030
(IPCC, 2006; FOEN, 2017a). The share of
CH. flared reaches a value of 10 per cent
by 2030 (current value eight percent). Wastewater handling
WEM
Biogas production
Emissions from wastewater handling are
assumed to scale with the evolution of
population. It is assumed that increased demand for
biogas leads to the construction of 336
additional biogas facilities by 2030 (Prog
nas, 2012). Accordingly, the total number
of biogas facilities reaches 236 by 2020
and 461 by 2030, with a related increase of
fugitive emissions over the coming years. WOM
It is assumed that the ban on landling of
combustible waste was not implemented. Consequently, the amount of waste
disposed of at waste disposal sites under
the WOM scenario follows the same
evolution as under the WEM and WAM
scenarios until 1999, but then only de
creases to 10 per cent of this value by
2020, remaining constant thereafter. It is
further assumed that the share of CH. recovered for power production (on total
CHi produced) is the same under the
WOM scenario as under the WEM and
WAM scenarios (the share decreases
disproportionately as the cost-income ratio
is changing for the worse with decreasing
CH production of the waste disposal site). Finally, it is assumed that the share of CH
flared remains constant at 3.5 per cent
from 1990 to 2030. Same as for the WEM scenario. It is assumed that the amount of biogas
upgraded under the WOM scenario
compared to the amount of biogas upgrad-
ed
Establishment of waste management rules incl. adoption and updating the waste management plan is stipulated under The Local Government Organization Act and is the responsibility of the local government. Most of local government waste management plans also stipulate prohibition of open burning of MSW. The Estonian Waste Act includes following measures to limit and reduce GHG emissions: 2) Increasing reusing and recycling of waste materials to meet the requirements of the directive 2009/98/EC, the Waste Act stipulates that by 1 January 2020, reuse and the recycling of waste materials such as paper, metal, plastic and glass from households and possibly from other origins as far as these waste streams are similar to waste from households, shall be increased at least to the extent of 50% of the total weight of such waste per calendar year. The same target is also included in the NWMP. The level of reusing and recycling of waste materials was 27% in 2011, which increased to 35% by 2014.
Estonia signed the KP to the UNFCCC on 3 December 1998. The Protocol was ratified by the Estonian Parliament in September 2002. Estonia has fulfilled its emission reduction commitment under the KP which was set to reduce the emissions by 8% in the period of 2008-2012 compared to 1990. Parties to the KP adopted an amendment to the KP by decision 1/CMP.8 in accordance with Articles 20 and 21 of the KP held in Doha, Qatar, in December 2012. Estonia finished the national ratification process of the Doha Amendment the first half of 2015 and deposited the instruments of ratification on 21 December 2017 together with the EU. The second commitment period is consistent with the 2020 climate and energy package of legislation and reflects the package's reduction measures at EU and member state level to gradually transform Europe into a low-carbon economy and to increase energy security. The inclusion of the effort sharing decision (ESD) within the EU's climate and energy package ensures that the abatement potential from non-ETS (emission trading system) sectors contribute to the delivery of the EU-wide target of reducing GHG emissions by 20% below 1990 levels by 2020. For Estonia, the GHG emissions from non-ETS sectors have to be limited at least by 11% by the end of the period of 2013-2020 compared to 2005. For the period up to 2030, the European Council set out in its October 2014 conclusions an EU-wide binding target of an at least 40% domestic reduction in GHG emissions by 2030 compared to 1990. The non-ETS sectors will need to reduce emissions by 30% by 2030 compared to 2005, continuing the methodology and elements of the ESD, incl. a linear trajectory of annual targets and flexibility instruments to help achieve them. For that purpose, the Commission introduced a proposal for a regulation on the 20 July 2016, which is currently under negotiation. According to the proposal, Estonia would have a target of -13% compared to 2005.
Advanced Satellite and land sensor data fusion in combination with CLOUD COMPUTING methods will be adopted to create a global monitoring network to prevent damages. Since 2006, the national system for collection, elaboration, and dissemination of environmentally (1) National Adaptation Strategy (2015): https://bdc minambiente.it/sites/default/files/allegati/strategia_nazionale adattamenti comatici.pdf
I am writing to share with you Senedd Cymru’s Climate Change, Environment and Infrastructure Committee report on the provisional Common Frameworks for Air Quality, and for Chemicals and The report includes several recommendations for amendments to the Frameworks, which may be of interest to you in the context of your ongoing scrutiny of matters relating to Common Frameworks. If you require any further information, or would like to discuss the content of our report, please feel Chair, Climate Change, Environment and Infrastructure Committee Croesewir gohebiaeth yn Gymraeg neu Saesneg | We welcome correspondence in Welsh or English. Bae Caerdydd, Caerdydd, CF99 1SN Cardiff Bay, Cardiff, CF99 1SN Chair, Common Frameworks Scrutiny Committee
Estimating, for the first time, UKEF's financed emissions across its full portfolio, using an approach aligned with industry best practice and developed specifically for export credit agencies; Setting ambitious quantitative 2030 decarbonisation targets for the oil and gas, and power sectors, which will guide UKEF on its pathway to net zero by 2050. Committing to set an emissions intensity-based decarbonisation target for its aviation sector exposure within 12 months.
OBJECTIVE B1. INCREASING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS OBJECTIVE B1.1.To create thermal insulation and energy efficient systems that meet the standards in at least 1 million residences and commercial and public buildings with a total usage area of over 10 thousand square meters in 2023 OBJECTIVE $2.2023 REDUCING THE CO DENSITY EQUIVALENT PER INDUSTRIAL GROUP UP TO 2023
Energy renovation plan for buildings The objective of reaching BBC-renovation level for the entire fleet by 2050 is reaffirmed. In the short term, the objective is to reduce the final energy consumption of buildings by 15% by 2022 compared to 2010. The State is maintaining the priority objective of eliminating 7 to 8 million thermal sieves and renovation of 500,000 homes per year. To fight against fuel poverty, the State will concentrate its efforts to eradicate within ten years the 1.5 million thermal colanders inhabited by low-income owner households - i.e. 150,000 per year from 2018. Energy renovation plan for buildings