UoS-ECS-Rai/sustainability-policymaking huggingface dataset:
As an action identified in the 2012 Energy Efficiency Strategy, DECC commissioned a small scale research project to better understand the barriers and drivers to energy efficiency faced by individual firms, particularly SMEs. This report is based on both qualitative and quantitative research and focuses on late stage barriers where firms already have information on the type, costs and savings of the energy efficiency measures available to them. The research illustrates the wide range of motivations and barriers cited by businesses but shows there are no simple explanations for businesses behaviour around take up of energy efficiency. While capital costs were cited as a major barrier, actual take up rates of energy efficiency measures remained low even when costs were zero or very low. While interviews with businesses suggested that measures with low payback period made business sense and would be more likely to be implemented, low take up rates for these show that other factors are involved.
The research also identified differences between sectors, while cost savings and payback period were significant drivers for energy efficiency in manufacturing firms, non-manufacturing businesses cited less tangible factors like ambience and customer service. The evidence will feed into DECCs work to look at how best to support SMEs. Workshops
Over January and February 2015 DECC will host workshops with SMEs with the aim of getting their views on whats needed to help them become more energy efficient. More detail is available on DECCs Linkedin page.
(25) The transition to climate neutrality requires changes across the entire policy spectrum and a collective effort of all sectors of the economy and society, as highlighted in the European Green Deal. The European Council, in its conclusions of 12December 2019, stated that all relevant Union legislation and policies need to be consistent with, and contribute to, the fulfilment of the climate-neutrality objective while respecting a level playing field, and invited the Commission to examine whether this requires an adjustment of the existing rules. (26) As announced in the European Green Deal, the Commission assessed the Unions 2030 target for greenhouse gas emission reduction, in its communication of 17September 2020 entitled Stepping up Europes 2030 climate ambition  Investing in a climate-neutral future for the benefit of our people. The Commission did so on the basis of a comprehensive impact assessment and taking into account its analysis of the integrated national energy and climate plans submitted to it in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council(12). In light of the 2050 climate-neutrality objective, by 2030 greenhouse gas emissions should be reduced and removals enhanced, so that net greenhouse gas emissions, that is emissions after the deduction of removals, are reduced economy-wide and domestically by at least 55% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. The European Council endorsed that target in its conclusions of 10 and 11December 2020. It also provided initial guidance on its implementation. That new Union 2030 climate target is a subsequent target for the purposes of point (11) of Article2 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999, and therefore replaces the 2030 Union-wide target for greenhouse gas emissions set out in that point. In addition, the Commission should, by 30June 2021, assess how the relevant Union legislation implementing the Union 2030 climate target would need to be amended in order to achieve such net emission reductions. In view of this, the Commission has announced a revision of the relevant climate and energy legislation which will be adopted in a package covering, inter alia, renewables, energy efficiency, land use, energy taxation, CO2 emission performance standards for light-duty vehicles, effort sharing and the EU ETS. The Commission intends to assess the impacts of the introduction of additional Union
Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967 (c. 13) U.K. 29 U.K. In Schedule 2 to the Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967 (departments etc subject to investigation)- (a) at the appropriate place insert- " The Committee on Climate Change. " , and (b) in the notes at the appropriate place insert- " Committee on Climate Change In the case of the Committee on Climate Change, no investigation is to be conducted in respect of any action taken by or on behalf of the Committee- (a) in the exercise in or as regards Scotland of any function to the extent that the function is exercisable within devolved competence (within the meaning of section 54 of the Scotland Act 1998), or (b) in connection with functions of the Committee in relation to Wales (within the meaning of the Government of Wales Act 2006). "
Reduction in the amount of biodegradable parts in municipal waste on sanitary landfills is predicted to change from 63% (2010) to around 47% (2015), and 22% (2025). One of the measures promoted in the manufacturing industry is the use of industrial wood
28. Article 44, paragraph (1) is amended and will have the following content: 24. Article 23, paragraph (8) is amended and will have the following content: (10) On the competitive wholesale market, ANRE has the right to approve the introduction and use of specific products within certain trading methods, in order to ensure flexibility in concluding future electricity transactions, including flexible delivery profiles suitable for energy producers from renewable sources. ANRE, together with the electricity market operator, periodically monitors and evaluates the impact of the use of flexible products.
The companies with more than 100 employees in the same site must also elaborate a mobility plan for their employees, which must be updated every 3 years. The objective is to promote the shift to more sustainable transportation modes and to reduce the traffic and traffic jam. Finally, the last measure considered in the WEM scenario is the promotion of car sharing, as alternative to personal car ownership. There are various systems of car sharing: round trip, one way or free floating. The PACE established an objective of 20000 clients in BCR at the 2020 horizon which implies the availability of 800 cars. from some 70 kt CO₂ in 2006 down to 10 kt CO, in 2015. We assumed they would stabilize at that level until 2030. Transport sector represents 22% of Brussels Capital Region total energy consumption in 2016. Projections of transport emissions consider road and off-road transport, railways, inland navigation, and natural gas transport. Road transport emissions represent 98.5% of the total (direct) GHG emissions of transport (in 2016). The main hypotheses are described in the following paragraphs.
This Order permits the management of development within a new two tier planning system with both district councils and the Department of the Environment operating as planning authorities where appropriate. An application for planning permission is to be made to the appropriate council or, as the case may be, the Department. The Order also deals with consultation before the grant of planning permission for development outlined in Schedule 3 and other procedures relative to planning permission application. Schedule 3 development also concerns water.
10,4 dimethylether (DME) from black-liquor gasification integrated with pulp mill 10,2
• Fossil gas will be increasingly replaced with renewable and synthetic gas in order to ensure a CO₂-neutral gas supply by 2050. To achieve the exit from fossil gas by no later than 2050, a coordinated mix of long-term anticipated instruments is needed. These consist of incentives in the form of funding for renewable heating systems which shall also mitigate social impacts, fiscal measures, and especially requirements and funding for the replacement of fossil gas with renewable gas. • Decentralised hydrogen production and consumption, such as in energy collectives, will allow for an efficient integration and use of locally generated renewable energy and will bolster local supply security. • Criteria for climate-friendly energy supply and generation as well as for climate-friendly mobility must be taken into account in spatial planning, zoning, and development planning.
House of Commons, Committee Office, London SW1A 0AA Tel 020 7219 5769 Email treascom@parliament.uk Website Minister for Climate Change and Corporate Responsibility, Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy The recent release of the FinCen papers to the media has once again placed a spotlight on the UK’s approach to combatting economic crime. This was the focus of a previous Treasury Committee inquiry, which led to the publication of a Report entitled Economic Crime - Anti-money laundering supervision and sanctions implementation in March 2019. Companies House has, as identified by the previous Committee, a particular role in combatting Following the release of the so-called FinCen files, I would welcome your answers to the following • What needs to be done to further secure the financial system from Economic Crime, given the information in the FinCen files? • It is reported that a leaked US Treasury paper argued the UK was a “higher-risk” jurisdiction. Have you had similar comments from US authorities, and would such an identification concern • The Government recently published its response to the consultation on Corporate transparency and register reform. That consultation ended in August 2019. Why does it appear to have taken the release of the FinCen papers to stimulate further reform? • Are you confident that the reforms outlined in the Government’s response to the Corporate transparency and register reform consultation are swift and full enough to ensure Companies House cannot be an aid to economic crime? Given their respective roles in combatting economic crime, I will also be writing to HMRC, the Minister for Security and the Financial Conduct Authority. I have copied this letter to Darren Jones MP, the Chair of the Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy Chair of the Treasury Committee
European context i. Energy system at national and EU level-political context of the plan • reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 40% (compared to 1990 levels);
Beech floor, that extends from 800 to 2,000 m above sea level, and; Alpine pastures floor, that extends from 1,800 to 2,700 m above sea level. 6 MOEFWA and UNDP, 2009
4 E+W+N.I. The regulations may specify the minimum amount that a seller must charge for each [ F1 single use carrier bag ] [ F1 carrier bag ] , or provide for that amount to be determined in accordance with the regulations. 2014 (c. 7) , s. 1(a)
The Paris Agreement is the main international framework to tackle climate change. The Paris Agreement sets a long-term temperature goal and aims to reduce global emissions to Net Zero. a) National contributions to the Paris Agreement
43. In order to turn the Union into a resource-efficient, green and competitive low-carbon economy, the 7th EAP shall ensure that by 2020: (a) the Union has met its 2020 climate and energy targets and is working towards reducing by 2050 GHG emissions by 80-95% compared to 1990 levels, as part of a global effort to limit the average temperature increase below 2 C compared to pre-industrial levels, with the agreement of a climate and energy framework for 2030 as a key step in this process (b) the overall environmental impact of all major sectors of the Union economy is significantly reduced, resource efficiency has increased, and benchmarking and measurement methodologies are in place. Market and policy incentives that foster business investments in resource efficiency are in place, while green growth is stimulated through measures to foster innovation
Overview of the Climate Adaptation and Resilience CLARE programme
CLARE is the UKs 110 million flagship research programme on climate adaptation and resilience, announced at COP26. CLARE bridges critical gaps between science and action by championing Southern leadership of research. The programme supports partner governments, communities, and the private sector to use evidence and innovation to progress effective solutions to the climate challenge. It aims to build capacity of those carrying out the research and those using the resulting evidence. CLARE is mostly about 90 funded by UK Aid through the Foreign Commonwealth Development Office FCDO, and co-funded and run by Canadas International Development Research Centre. CLARE links short-and long-term issues to enable sustainable, fair economic and social development in a changing climate, through
It supports action to reduce impacts now while providing a better understanding of climate risks. Since COP26, CLARE has become one of the most prominent research programmes in Climate Adaptation and Resilience globally. So far, 24 research projects are underway involving 136 organisations in 38 countries, three-quarters of which are in Africa and Asia. CLARE is developing research benefiting 30 countries by involving a wide range of organisations.
These include research institutions in a range of disciplines, non-governmental organisations NGOs, local government, meteorological agencies and the private sector. Countries where CLARE is active
Countries benefitting from CLARE research include
Africa
Asia-Pacific
Other CLARE activities
CLARE also supports strategic research-to-action partnerships, such as the Adaptation Research Alliance ARA. Launched at COP26, ARA brings together over 250 organisations, spanning research, funders and practitioners, to promote action-oriented research to inform effective adaptation to reduce climate risks. The CLARE programme also funds science for natural hazard emergencies, informing preparation and humanitarian response of the FCDO, wider UK government and other humanitarian partners. This is accomplished through in-house and external specialist advisors as well as partnerships with the Met Office, British Geological Survey and the UK academia. What the fund will achieve
CLARE will enable socially inclusive and sustainable action to build resilience to climate change and natural hazards, particularly for the most vulnerable across the Global South. How the fund works
CLARE includes 3 core pillars
How to apply for funding opportunities
Find out more about funding opportunities on the CLARE website.
Contribution of renewable energy sources into the country's primary energy balance during the period 1990-2016 is increasing. During the period 1990-2016 primary energy supply from renewable sources increased by 4.6 times with an average annual growth of 6%. Lithuania has undertaken, according to Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council No 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, to increase the renewable sources share in the final national energy consumption up to 23% by 2020. Lithuania has already reached the 23% target: in 2016, the share of renewable energy sources in the total energy balance of the country exceeded one fifth, accounting for 25.46%. Currently the main domestic energy resource is solid biomass, the second largest renewable energy source is wind energy.
2 U.K. The national authorities may, after consulting the chair, appoint one of the members as deputy to the chair ("the deputy chair").
All biofuels on the market in Europe and the Netherlands must comply with the sustainability criteria laid down in the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC). Only sustainable biofuels are allowed to be used for fulfilling the blending target. Compliance with these criteria must be demonstrated through one of the adopted certification systems. These certification systems are controlled by an independent audit. All biofuels produced in the Netherlands fulfil these requirements. The national policy aims to increase the production of biofuels in an effort to achieve the target of renewable energy sources accounting for 10% of the energy use in the transport sector by 2020. In 2016, this share of renewable energy was 7% 109. More than 66% of the energy content is from advanced biofuels. The raw materials for advanced biofuels are waste and residual materials such as used frying fat. Most of the frying fat is imported from other western European countries, Asia (China and Taiwan) and North America. The raw materials of non-advanced biofuels are mainly maize and wheat originating from Europe. The share of renewable electricity, which also contributes to the 10% target, is still small (0.1% in 2016).
The Rt Hon Sir Keir Starmer MP We write to commend the Government’s ongoing commitment to the protection of the marine environment, and to welcome your remarks at the Ocean meeting this week alongside Sir David Attenborough. Your words were a powerful reaffirmation of the United Kingdom’s leadership in this vital area, particularly ahead of the forthcoming United Nations Oceans Conference, which convenes next week and at which several Ministers will be in attendance. Ratifying the Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction would send a clear and timely signal of the UK’s commitment to protecting the marine environment and supporting global efforts to safeguard our oceans. We understand that before ratification, primary legislation is required in order to ensure we can comply with our obligations. In Baroness Chapman’s appearances at both the Environmental Audit Committee and International Development Committee, she clarified that the only barrier to ratification of the treaty was space in the parliamentary timetable. We therefore urge the Government to give meaning to the positive sentiments you expressed and bring forward this legislation as a matter of urgency, so that the treaty can be ratified by Such a step would not only reinforce the UK’s international standing, but also signal to our global partners the seriousness with which we approach our environmental

Chair of the International Development Committee Chair of the Environmental Audit Committee
The transition to net zero will be carried out in an economically viable way The Swiss Confederation will ensure that the transition to the net-zero target is carried out in an eco- nomically viable way, cost-efficiently and in line with the polluter-pays principle as far as possible and contributes to the internalisation of external costs. It will establish clear framework conditions so that investment and renewal cycles can be systematically used to avoid mis-investment and to largely re- place fossil energies. It will also ensure that sectors and companies facing international competition do not suffer any disadvantages vis-à-vis their competitors. The transition to net zero also improves environmental quality
As outlined in the 3BR, the EU has renewable energy targets for 2020 (20% share of energy) based on Directive 2009/28/EC. The recast renewable energy Directive EU 2018/20017 entered into force in December 2018 and included a new binding EU target of at least 32% renewable energy in final energy consumption for 2030. Additionally, it set a binding target of at least 14% of final energy consumption in transport, to mainstream renewable energy in the transport sector by 2030. Finally, it also included a clause for an upwards revision by 2023 in case of further substantial costs reductions in the production of renewable energy, needs justified by the Union's international commitments for decarbonisation, or a significant decrease in energy consumption in the Union that justifies such an upwards revision. The directive must now be transposed into national legislation and this shall be done by 30 June 2021.
(within the meaning of section 268), be treated as an exchange of property. ", to another person, pursuant to a Debt Settlement Arrangement or a Personal Insolvency Arrangement entered into under the Personal Insolvency Act 2012
Over 44 million GBP of funding will be allocated to cut emissions from buildings and help households save on energy bills. The investment is expected to cut carbon emissions by 22% for homes and buildings, whilst providing potential reductions of up to 15% in energy costs. 30 million GBP will fund 3 innovative heat network projects in London, Manchester and Cambridgeshire, and a further 14.6 million GBP announced will benefit 11 projects in England, Scotland and Wales. The funding will be invested in exploring ways the UK can develop and use efficient, low-carbon technologies for heating and cooling buildings. The investments are tied to the government's Heat and Buildings Strategy, which will set out how carbon emissions in homes and workspaces will be addressed to meet legal commitments over achieving net zero emissions 2050.
Through the package of measures, the deal is expected to cut pollution by up to 60 million tonnes by 2030 including 15 million tonnes from oil and gas production on the UK Continental Shelf - the equivalent of annual emissions from 90% of the UK’s homes - while supporting up to 40,000 jobs across the supply chain. Key commitments in the North Sea Transition Deal include joint government and oil and gas sector investment of up to £16 billion by 2030 to reducecarbon emissions. This includes up to £3 billion to replace fossil fuel-based power supplies on oil and gas platforms with renewable energy.
CTF Table 4 contains the annotation Not Applicable (NA), as LULUCF is excluded in the target and so the contribution of LULUCF is irrelevant to the mitigation actions involved. It contains no values, as no Kyoto Protocol units or other units are used for meeting the target. Slovenia currently does not plan to implement Kyoto Protocol mechanisms and intends to fulfil its obligations by 2020 with implementation of domestic measures. The latest projection of GHG emissions shows that Slovenia will meet its objectives in accordance with Decision 2009/406/EC without using the Kyoto Protocol mechanisms. CTF Table 4(b) contains no values, as no Kyoto Protocol units or other units are used for meeting the target.
The Act is organised in 5 Parts and 6 Schedules. Part 1 concerns international trade agreements and their implementation. It regulates implementation of the Agreement on Government Procurement, it lays down general rules on the implementation of international trade agreements, such establishing that the implementation provisions on certain areas (e.i. protection of human, animal or plant life or health; animal welfare; environmental protection, employmnet etc.) must be consistent with maintaining UK levels of statutory protection in that area. The Part also consider the situation and provides for procedures to be followed when there is a Free Trade agreement and exist credible reports of genocide in the territory of a prospective FTA counter-party.