UoS-ECS-Rai/sustainability-policymaking huggingface dataset:
Ato or target period Emissions reduction target Additional targets Ate base Aviation Use of international credits included Sectors included POG used Kyoto Protocol International Commitments UNFCCC First commitment period (2008-2012) 1990 Flexibility rules of the Kyoto Protocol (Art 3 (5) related to Alvarados and Economies in Transition Carryover of surplus units Not applicable from previous periods PK flexibility subject to PK rules Second commitment period (2015-2020) National aviation is included International aviation is excluded international aviation - 20% IPCC SAR 1990, but subject to flexibility rules 1935 2000 can be used as reference year for M Use of Use of PK flexibility mechanisms subject to PK rules Domestic aviation included Excluded Subject to the rules of the KP including agreed in the Doha Amendment Aneso A of the KP (Energy, IPPU, agriculture, Annex A of the KP (Energy, IPPU, agriculture, waste, waste), LULUCF of LULUCE in accordance with the rules of accounting accounting rules for CP1 for 02 2020 IPCC AR4 -20% 1990 Aviation is included in the scope of the EU ETS. In practice, they are considered Subject to quantitative and qualitative limits Paris Agreement 2030 Energy, IPPU, agriculture, waste, aviation within the scope of the EU ETS Almengs. 40% IPCC ARA 1970 CD, CH, NO, CO, CHU NO COI CHOND, CD, CH, NGO HFC, PC, SF HFC, PC, SF NF HFC, PC, HFC, PC, Sf SF NF Aviation is included in the scope of the EU ETS. In practice, the Not applicable Not applicable No contribution of international credits National and international aviation are included, according to the scope of emissions of application aviation aviation EU ETS total total Energy, IPPU, agriculture, waste, LULUC IPCC AR4 Climate Package and EU ETS ESD 2013-2020 -21% compared to 2005 for ETS emissions Renewable Energy Directive: 20% gross final consumption of energy from renewable energy sources; Energy Efficiency Directive: increase in energy efficiency of 20% Both objectives to 2020. Internal EU legislation 1990 for the global objective of reducing emissions; 2005 for renewable energy and energy efficiency target; a as disaggregated targets for ETS and non-ETS emissions Carryover of allowances from the second period of the EU
In the Strategy Document, Turkey's Strategic Targets within the scope of basic principles are listed as follows: =  to integrate policies and measures for mitigating and adapting to climate change into national development plans, consistent with the UNFCCC prin- ciple of "common but differentiated responsibilities and its special circum- stances,  to contribute to the global greenhouse gas emission mitigation policies and measures, within its own capacity, by limiting the rate of growth of national greenhouse gas emissions, without disrupting its development program aligned with sustainable development principles, to increase national preparedness and capacity in order to avoid the ad- verse impacts of global climate change and to adapt to these impacts; to share emerging experiences and knowledge from such efforts with other countries in the region; and to develop bilateral and multilateral joint re- search projects for mitigation and adaptation,  to comply with the design and implementation of global strategic objectives of mitigation, adaptation, technology transfer and finance that accounts for i-  to facilitate climate change adaptation and mitigation activities by ensuring efficient and continuous coordination and decision making processes based on transparency, stakeholder participation, and a strong reliance on a sci- ence focus, 9 ir  to raise public awareness in support of changing consumption patterns in climatefriendly manner through joint efforts of all parties such as the public sector, private sector, universities and NGOs,  to establish an integrated information management system in order to in- crease the flow and exchange of knowledge in national climate change efforts.
These Regulations describe the localities into which community planning partnerships must divide local authority areas for the purpose of carrying out locality planning under Part 2 (section 9(2)) of the Community Empowerment (Scotland) Act 2015. Section 9 requires each community planning partnership, for the purposes of locality planning, to divide the area of the local authority into smaller areas.
Best case scenatas will see some inevitable increase in climate risks. It remains possible that warming could exceed 2°C even under rapid global decarbonisation scenarios. Water deficits could affect around 15% of water resource zones, but it is likely that adaptation measures could manage most of the increased risk from flooding and water scarcity in 2050, though not necessarily by the end of the century.
(1) This Act serves to increase the net electricity generation from combined heat and power plants to 110 terawatt hours by 2020 and to 120 terawatt hours by 2025 in the interests of energy saving and environmental and climate protection.
These Regulations amend the Pollution Prevention and Control (Industrial Emissions) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2013 to implement Commission Directive 2014/99/EU, which amends Directive 2009/126/EC as regards the test methods to certify petrol vapour recovery systems for use in service stations and the test methods to verify the operation of such systems.
Figure 7 Target scenario for the development of greenhouse gas emissions up to 2050 with an interim target for 2030 (with a reduced domestic share on the dotted line, including international market mechanisms on the dashed line). Minus 80% by 2050 corresponds to the reduction by the energy sector, based on the total emissions (including baseline emissions) Development and target path of greenhouse gas emissions in kilotons of CO₂ equivalents 44 The non-energy baseline emissions from industrial processes and product uses (PPU), agriculture, waste recycling and land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) are not the focus of this energy strategy
11 (1) The Committee must appoint a person to be chief executive, but may only appoint a person who has been approved by the national authorities. U.K. (2) The chief executive is an employee of the Committee.
-Town planning code III.-The Government submits to Parliament, no later than three years after the date of publication of this law, a report evaluating the progress of the power of electricity production facilities using the mechanical energy of the wind, in order to verify that the objectives of the multi-annual electricity production investment program have been successfully achieved by installing at least 500 generators per year. IX.- The provisions of a local urban plan or an urban planning document in lieu relating to classified installations, approved before the date of entry into force of this law, are not applicable to installations of production of electricity using the mechanical energy of the wind. XI.- For wind projects whose characteristics make them subject to town planning authorisations, the municipalities and inter-municipal cooperation establishments bordering the perimeter of these projects are consulted for their opinion within the framework of the procedure for examining the application for relevant town planning. NOTE: In accordance with Article 15 of Ordinance No. 2017-80 of January 26, 2017, these provisions come into force on March 1, 2017 subject to the provisions cited in said article. Section 91 Amended the following provisions:
Legal act
Resolution No. 134/2007 of the Council of
Ministers of 24 July 2007 on the "Multiannual
Programme for the Promotion of Biofuels or Other
Renewable Fuels for the Years 2008-2014" (M.P. No. 53, Item 607)
Resolution No. 15/2014 of the Council of Ministers
of 28 January 2014 on the multiannual programme
"The Programme of the Polish Nuclear Power"
(M.P., Official Gazette Item 502)
"Development directions of agricultural biogas
plants in Poland in the years 2010-2020" adopted
by the Council of Ministers on 13 July 2010. Strategy "Energy security and the environment - a
2020 vision" adopted by the Council of Ministers
on April 15, 2014. Responsible Development Strategy adopted by the
Council of Ministers on 14 February 2017. Description
The Resolution's objective is to create favorable conditions for
the production and use of biofuels in Poland. The programme
includes measures to support biocomponents and liquid
biofuels production as well as those aimed at increasing
demand for biofuels. The overall goal is to achieve the share
of biocomponents in the market of transport fuels of at least
10% in 2020 (indirect targets: 7.1% in 2013, 7.55% in 2014). The Programme of the Polish Nuclear Power (PEJ) sets out the
agenda for the construction of two nuclear power plants and
the preparation of regulatory and organizational infrastructure
for these investments. The document defines the roles and
responsibilities of the institution appointed for the
implementation of the Programme and the issues related to
nuclear safety and radiological protection. The Programme
also includes: economic validation of nuclear power plant
operation in Poland, possibilities of its financing and the
methods of dealing with spent fuel and radioactive waste. The main objective of the document is to optimize the legal
and administrative system for establishing agricultural biogas
plants in Poland and to indicate the possibility of co-financing
of such installations from public funds, both national and
European, available within national and regional operational
programmes. The document assumes that by 2020, in each
Polish municipality, on average one biogas plant using
agricultural biomass will be established
These Regulations further implement in Scotland the requirements of Council Directive 91/676/EEC concerning the protection of waters against pollution caused by nitrates from agricultural sources by designating the revised vulnerable zones in accordance with Article 3(4) of the Directive. Under Article 3(1) of the Directive, Member States are required to identify waters affected by pollution and waters which could be affected by pollution in accordance with the criteria set out in Annex 1 to the Directive.
A more detailed action plan to reach the renewable energy target will be presented by June 2010 at the latest. The aim of increased investments in energy efficiency is to reach the target of 20 percent more efficient energy use by 2020. This will simultaneously fulfil the requirements laid down in the European Energy Services Directive. The Government will invest SEK 300 million (ca EUR 27.3 million) per year between 2010 and 2014-a 100-percent increase on the current level. The Swedish Energy Agency will have the primary responsibility for implementing the energy efficiency programme, and for the measures required to monitor implementation of the Energy Ser- vices Directive. regional and local energy and cli- Strengthening mate initiatives. Increasing investment in information and advisory services. Using the public sector to set a good example in energy efficiency improvements. Swedish munici- palities and county councils will be given the opp- ortunity to enter into voluntary energy efficiency agreements with the Swedish Energy Agency. Introducing support for enterprises that use signi- ficant amounts of energy. This support will be in the form of an "energy audit cheque" to perform energy audits between 2010 and 2014. To enable society to be more energy efficient, there must be energy-efficient products on offer to con- sumers. The Government will strengthen efforts in technology procurement and in the introduction of energy-efficient technologies to the market. Introducing requirements for individual electricity and hot water metering in new buildings and refur- bishments. Energy-efficient behaviour is encoura- ged when the cost of energy use is made clearer.
Discharge of obligation by payment U.K. 4 U.K. In section 128 (discharge of obligation by payment), for subsections (6) and (7) substitute- " (6) Where the Administrator is the Secretary of State- (a) sums received by the Administrator by virtue of this section must be paid into the Consolidated Fund, and (b) an RTF order may make provision for sums to be paid by the Administrator to transport fuel suppliers, or to transport fuel suppliers of a specified description, in accordance with the specified system of allocation. (7) Such an order must contain provision ensuring that the total of the sums so paid by the Administrator does not at any time exceed the total of the sums so received by the Administrator up to that time. (8) Where the Administrator is a person other than the Secretary of State, an RTF order may- (a) require the Administrator to use, to the specified extent, sums received by the Administrator by virtue of this section for the purpose of meeting costs incurred in carrying out the Administrator's functions, or (b) require the Administrator to pay, to the specified extent, sums so received to the Secretary of State. (9) Sums so received which are not dealt with in accordance with provision made under subsection (8) must be paid by the Administrator to transport fuel suppliers, or to transport fuel suppliers of a specified description, in accordance with the specified system of allocation. (10) The Secretary of State must pay sums received by the Secretary of State by virtue of provision made under subsection (8)(b) into the Consolidated Fund. " .
The Paris Agreement was adopted in December 2015 and entered into force in November 2016. The EU ratified the agreement in October 2016. The Finnish national ratification was completed in November 2016. The EU's joint nationally determined contribution (NDC)3 under the Paris Agreement is to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55 per cent by 2030 from the 1990 level. According to the EU Climate and Energy Package 2030, as in the EU's Climate and Energy Package 2020 before, the emissions reduction obligations are divided between the EU Emissions Trading System (EU level target) and the non-ETS emissions4 (Member-State level targets). In addition, the LULUCF sector5 is now part of the Member-State level obligations. According to the EU Climate and Energy Package 2030, the reduction target from the 2005 levels in the emissions trading sector is 43 per cent and in the non-emissions trading sector it is 30 per cent. The share of renewable energy in the EU is to be increased by 32 per cent and energy efficiency improved, indicatively, by 32.5 per cent. In the Effort Sharing Regulation, Finland's target for emission reductions in 2030 compared to the 2005 level is 39 per cent.
4-The reference date for the end of marketing in Portugal of new light vehicles powered exclusively by fossil fuels is 2035, under the terms to be defined by law.
CCUS technology captures carbon dioxide from power generation, low carbon hydrogen production and industrial processes, storing it deep underground where it cannot enter the atmosphere. This technology will be globally necessary, but no one country has yet captured the market. The UK has an unrivalled asset - our North Sea, that can be used to store captured carbon under the seabed. Developing CCUS infrastructure will contribute to the economic transformation of the UK's industrial regions, enhancing the long-term competitiveness of UK industry in a global net zero economy. It will help decarbonise our most challenging sectors, provide low carbon power and a pathway to negative emissions. We will establish CCUS in two industrial clusters by mid 2020s, and aim for four of these sites by 2030, capturing up to 10 Mt of carbon dioxide per year. Developed alongside hydrogen, we can create these transformative "SuperPlaces" in areas such as the heart of the North East, the Humber, North West and in Scotland and Wales. Our 1 billion CCUS Infrastructure Fund will provide industry with the certainty required to deploy CCUS at pace and at scale. These clusters will be the starting point for a new carbon capture industry, which could support up to 50,000 jobs in the UK by 2030, including a sizeable export potential. Alongside this, we will bring forward details in 2021 of a revenue mechanism to bring through private sector investment in industrial carbon capture and hydrogen projects, to provide the certainty investors require. Investing in carbon capture usage and storage could potentially deliver...
A CCUS operational in two clusters (Mid-2020s) B Four low carbon clusters (2030) C Industrial emissions reduced by two thirds (2035) CShare of low carbon fuels increases to around half of total industrial energy consumption (2035) D First net zero cluster (2040) Icon denotes milestones which require developments in innovation (Chapter 6) Figure 4.1: Overview of technology strategy for the next three decades
The EU s main investment policy
Cohesion Policy targets all regions and cities in the European Union in order to support:
In order to reach these goals and address the diverse development needs in all EU regions, 392 billion 
almost a third of the total EU budget has been set aside for Cohesion Policy for the period 2021-2027. How funding is delivered
Cohesion Policy is delivered through specific funds:
In detail: 2021-2027 Cohesion Policy EU budget allocations
Cohesion Policy and the Commission's political priorities
Cohesion Policy helps to deliver many EU policy objectives. The projects financed in the regions and cities contribute to the goals of the
Commission priorities,
notably:
Territorial dimension
Cohesion Policy provides special care and investment tools to territories to address specific issues:
Cohesion Policy underpins European solidarity
The bulk of Cohesion Policy funding is concentrated on less developed European countries and regions in order to help them to catch up and to reduce the
economic, social and territorial disparities that still exist within the EU. The
Just Transition Fund alleviates the socio-economic costs triggered by the climate transition. It supports the economic diversification and reconversion of the territories concerned, and helps people to adapt in a changing labour market. The effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the economic situation of EU regions is addressed by
REACT-EU, the Recovery Assistance for Cohesion and
the Territories of Europe. Legislation
The EU goal of Economic, Social and Territorial Cohesion is defined in articles 174 to 178 of the
Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Cohesion Policy legislation 2021-2027
2014-2020: How funding is delivered
Regional Policy is delivered through two main funds: the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the Cohesion Fund (CF).
Secretary of State for Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Affairs fcdo.correspondence@fcdo.gov.uk Chair, Foreign Affairs Committee I am writing to update the committee on changes to the FCDO’s senior structure. I have discussed with the Permanent Under-Secretary, Sir Philip Barton, and have agreed with his proposal to recruit a second Permanent Under-Secretary to focus on international development priorities and the implementation of the International Development Strategy. Together, we are determined to secure the UK’s position as a global leader in international development. Enhancing the FCDO’s senior leadership structure in this way will further bolster our development effort and will ensure we are able to carry out our vitally important work to tackle global challenges and to address the root causes of instability around the world as effectively as The Permanent Under-Secretary and Head of the Diplomatic Service, Sir Philip Barton, remains the senior officer accountable to Parliament and will oversee the successful candidate ensuring development remains a priority for the whole of In terms of specific responsibilities, I have agreed with the Permanent Under- Secretary, that the Second Permanent Under-Secretary  Implement the International Development Strategy, providing senior leadership to the development community and working across the whole Department and with our partners, focusing on areas with the biggest development responsibilities, challenges and risks.  Act as Accounting Officer for ODA programmes, in parallel with the Permanent Under-Secretary, as the Principal Accounting Officer, including prioritisation and oversight of development programmes.  Lead on all development-related and risk-related governance arrangements, including relevant management board sub-committees. Recruitment will commence shortly and I am confident that the new senior leadership structure will bolster the UK’s international development efforts and help to accelerate progress towards the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Secretary
LAND USE AND FORESTRY SECTOR TARGET 02.1. Reducing deforestation and forest damage by 20% by 2020 compared to 2007 values OBJECTIVE 03. TO LIMIT LAND USE AND CHANGE, SUCH AS FOREST, RANGE, AGRICULTURE AND SETTLEMENT, FROM THE NEGATIVE AFFECTS ON CLIMATE CHANGE
Clean Air for Europe (CAFE) Programme
The aim of the Clean Air for Europe Programme is to establish a long-term, integrated strategy to tackle air pollution and to protect against its effects on human health and the environment. ACT
Commission communication of 4Â MayÂ 2001 \"The Clean Air for Europe (CAFE) Programme: Towards a Thematic Strategy for Air Quality\". SUMMARY
The situation in May 2001
TheÂ 1996 framework Directive, and a number of daughter Directives had already been adopted to improve air quality. Strategies have also been formulated to combat acidification, ozone and eutrophication, notably via the Directive on national emission ceilings. Existing Community measures and proposals to improve air quality had established:
CAFE lays the bases for the first of the thematic strategies announced in the Sixth Environmental Action Programme. Programme objectives
CAFE's objectives are:
Other important programme features
Scientific input will be vital for implementing CAFE. Accordingly, links with the European Union's framework programmes of research and technological development is one of the programme's priorities. CAFE is a transparent programme: reports, studies, etc., are regularly made available on the European Commission website. Interested parties may supply information and submit comments throughout the programme.
The candidate countries can take part in the programme. There is close cooperation with the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution and with the World Health Organisation. RELATED ACTS
Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament of 21Â SeptemberÂ 2005 - Thematic Strategy on air pollution [COM(2005) 446
- Not published in the Official Journal]. Following on from the work carried out under the CAFE Programme, the Commission has fixed targets for reducing certain pollutants (SO2, NOx, VOCs, ammonia and PM2.5) and is strengthening the legislative framework for combating air pollution in two ways, firstly by improving Community environmental legislation and, secondly, by taking account of concerns about air quality in related policies. Last updated: 16.06.2006
• Part 3: International Circumstances and Climate Science sets out how our recommendations represent a fair and ambitious contribution to the Paris Agreement, including consideration of the UK's broader contribution to tackling climate change beyond UK territorial emissions, including the UK's overseas consumption emissions (Chapter 7). Chapter 8 sets out the relevant climate science that underpins our advice. • Part 4: Recommendations sets out why our recommended pathway reduces emissions more quickly before 2035 than after 2035 (Chapter 9) and our full recommendations relating to the Sixth Carbon Budget (Chapter Sixth Carbon Budget-The path to Net Zero