UoS-ECS-Rai/sustainability-policymaking huggingface dataset:
The Climate Action Plan is Iceland's main instrument to reach its commitment in the Paris Agreement, specifically its emissions reduction goals for 2030. It is also the main instrument to reach Iceland's stated goal of carbon neutrality by 2040. Emphasis is put on a rapid clean energy transition in transport and increased efforts in the LULUCF sector, where Iceland has great mitigation potential in afforestation, revegetation and wetland reclamation. The Plan, however, addresses all major sources and sinks, and outlines climate mitigation actions in transport, fisheries, energy, industry, chemicals, agriculture, waste management and LULUCF. The Plan is organized by how the measures relate to Iceland's commitments, as well as by sources of emissions.
This Order amends the Renewables Obligation Order 2015 to provide for an annual renewables obligation certificates (“ROCs”) cap and makes other minor amendments. A new Schedule 6 introduces caps relevant to the number of ROCs that can be issued in respect of “relevant electricity” generated by certain types of generating station during each obligation period. Relevant electricity is electricity that has been generated in certain ways described in paragraph 1 of new Schedule 6 (using either biomass or bioliquid as fuel). New Schedule 6 also defines two types of generating station (“capped” and “mixed”) and two new types of combustion unit which a generating station may comprise (“capped” and “exempt”).
The Adaptation Sub-Committee U.K. 16 (1) There shall be a sub-committee of the Committee, to be known as the Adaptation Sub-Committee or, in , as yr Is-bwyllgor Addasu (referred to in this paragraph as " the ASC "). U.K. (2) The ASC shall consist of- (a) a person appointed by the national authorities to chair the ASC ("the ASC chair"), and (b) not less than five other members appointed by the national authorities. (3) The national authorities must- (a) consult the chair before appointing the ASC chair, and (b) consult the ASC chair before appointing the other members of the ASC. (4) A person ceases to be the ASC chair if the person- (a) resigns that office by giving written notice to the Secretary of State, or (b) ceases to be a member of the ASC. (5) The ASC may include persons who are not members of the Committee. (6) 5 (term of office) apply to a person who is- (a) a member of the Committee, and (b) a member of the ASC, in that person's capacity as a member of the ASC. (7) Those paragraphs and paragraphs 8 to 10 (remuneration and pensions etc ) apply to a member of the ASC who is not a member of the Committee as they apply to a member of the Committee. (8) In the application of paragraph 5(a) by virtue of this paragraph, the reference to the Committee is a reference to the ASC. (9) A person who- (a) ceases to be a member of the ASC, or (b) ceases to be the ASC chair, may be reappointed to that office. (10) The ASC must provide the Committee with such advice, analysis, information or other assistance as the Committee may require in connection with the exercise of its functions under- (a) section 38(1)(c) (advice etc to national authorities on adaptation to climate change), (b) section 57 (advice on report on impact of climate change), or (c) section 59 (reporting on progress in connection with adaptation).
These Regulations amend the Air Navigation (Overseas Territories) (Environmental Standards) Order 2014 in 3(1) (interpretation), in the definition of “noise certificate”. A Noise certificate shall be issued by a governor of an overseas territory or the competent authority of other states and aircrafts shall not fly in overseas territories without a valid certificate.
F1 74 Waste reduction provisions: interim report E+W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72-75 repealed (15.1.2012) by Localism Act 2011 (c. 20) , ss. 47(b) , 240(1)(e) , Sch. 25 Pts. 8
Objectives
The Regulation aims to restore ecosystems, habitats and species across the EU s land and sea areas in order to
In the EU
Targets
The regulation combines an overarching restoration objective for the long-term recovery of nature in the EU s land and sea areas with binding restoration targets for specific habitats and species. These measures should cover at least 20% of the EU s land and sea areas by 2030, and ultimately all ecosystems in need of restoration by 2050. The regulation contains the following specific targets:
Implementation
EU countries are expected to submit National Restoration Plans to the Commission within two years of the Regulation coming into force (so by mid 2026), showing how they will deliver on the targets. They will also be required to monitor and report on their progress. The European Environment Agency will draw up regular technical reports on progress towards the targets. The Commission, in turn, will report to the European Parliament and to the Council on the implementation of the Nature Restoration Regulation. Success stories
Discover examples of successful nature restoration projects throughout Europe
Nature restoration success stories
Timeline
Previous and upcoming actions
See Council web page and Regulation text
Find out more
These workshops discussed policy options and collect views from a broad range of stakeholders on:
This public consultation collected stakeholder views, in particular on the main elements and approach to devising the Commission's proposal for binding restoration targets.
Sector
Category
Source / Fuel / Gas
Key Category? Category Description/Definition
Country Detail
Equation
(Describe variables for method used)
Reference
Describe How and Why this Method
Was Chosen
Type and source of activity data
Type and source of EF and OF
Uncertainty of AD and source
Uncertainty of EF and source
Potential Improvements
Energy
1A1 Energy Industries
1A1a Main activity electricity and heat production, biomass / CH NO
No
Sum of emissions from main activity producers of electricity generation, combined heat and power generation, and heat plants. Main activity producers (formerly known as public uslities) are
defined as those undertakings whose primary activity is to supply the public. They may be in public or private ownership. Emissions from own on-site use of fuel should be included. Emissions
from autoproducers should be assigned to the sector where they were generated and not under 1A1a. In the Republic of Moldova electricity generation capacity include: Moldavian Thermal Power Plant (MTPP) in Dnestrovsk (on the left bank of the Dniester River) with an installed capacity of 2520
MW; CHP-2 Chisinau, with an installed capacity of 240 MW and 1200 Gcalh heat capacity: CHP-1 Chisinau, with an installed capacity of 66 MW and 239 Gcal/h heat capacity; CHP-North Balti,
with an installed capacity of 37 MW and 350 Gcal/h heat capacity, other power plants, including CHP owned by sugar plants operating on natural gas and residual fuel oil, built during 1966-1961. In recent years, renewable energy sources of small power are being developed. Their total capacity in 2019 represented 41.8 MW. In the RM, within 1990-2019, the share of biofuels from total fuel
consumption within category 1A1a increased from 0.02 per cent to 0.24 per cent of the total (biofuels consumption recorded a significant growth, in particular between 2000 and 2014, from circa
59 TJ to 472 TJ). Within the current inventory cycle, GHG emission under the Sector 1 Energy were estimated separately for the RBDR (Right Bank of Dniester River) and LBDR
Introductory U.K. 12 U.K. This Part of this deals with trading schemes that operate by encouraging activities that consist of, or that cause or contribute, directly or indirectly to- (a) reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, or (b) the removal of greenhouse gas from the atmosphere.
The Act makes provision for changes in the management of the Scottish Crown Estate (meaning the property, rights and interests to which section 90B(5) of the Scotland Act 1998 applies) including the duties on management and charging for the assets. The Act both provides the mechanism to change the manager of an asset (or part of an asset) and sets out the regulatory framework within which all managers, irrespective of the size of the asset managed, must operate. Crown Estate Scotland (formerly Crown Estate Scotland (Interim Management)) shall in principle manage crown estate assets but these may be transferred by the Scottish Minister to other persons. "Land" shall include also land covered with water. A manager of a Scottish Crown Estate asset shall maintain and seek to enhance the value of the asset and the revenue arising from it.
To contribute to the achievement of these objectives, the State, local authorities and their groups, companies, associations and citizens combine their efforts to develop territories with positive energy. A &quot;positive energy territory&quot; is a territory that engages in an approach to achieve a balance between energy consumption and production at the local level by reducing energy needs as much as possible and respecting balances of national energy systems. A positive energy territory must promote energy efficiency, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the decrease in the consumption of fossil fuels and aim to deploy renewable energies in its supply. * 1* To reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 40% between 1990 and 2030 and to divide greenhouse gas emissions by four between 1990 and 2050. The trajectory is specified in the carbon budgets mentioned in article L. 222-1 A of the environment code; &lt;&lt; 2 To reduce final energy consumption by 50% in 2050 compared to the 2012 reference, aiming for an intermediate objective of 20% in 2030. This dynamic supports the development of an energy-efficient economy, particularly in the sectors of construction, transport and the circular economy, and preserves the competitiveness and development of the industrial sector;
Environmental sustainability agreements are agreements between competing businesses that involve co-operation to achieve green outcomes, such as tackling climate change. For example, businesses may decide to combine expertise to make their products more energy efficient. Or they might want to use packaging material that meets certain standards to reduce waste. The CMA has prepared the Green Agreements Guidance to help businesses assess how the competition rules apply to environmental sustainability agreements. Businesses should review the Green Agreements Guidance before entering into any environmental sustainability agreements with their competitors. What to consider when entering into environmental sustainability agreements
When entering into an environmental sustainability agreement with another competing business you must ensure that you comply with competition law. There are rules around how businesses can and cannot work together. These are important to ensure effective competition that enables innovation.
Other legal advisers may also offer advice on a similar basis. Who to contact for further guidance
If having read the Green Agreements Guidance you are still unsure about how it applies to your agreement, you can also contact the CMA for informal guidance before entering into that agreement on sustainabilityguidancecma.gov.uk. You can contact us if you are
a business
a trade association
a non-governmental organisation
a nominated representative for a business
You can find out more about our open-door policy in section 7 of the Green Agreements Guidance.
This Order designates Directive 2015/215/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on the limitation of certain pollutants into the air from Medium Combustion Plants as a relevant directive for the purposes of paragraph 20 of Schedule 1 to the Pollution Prevention and Control Act 1999. The effect of designation is that Regulations may be made under section 2 of the Act (to regulate, prevent and control activities which are capable of causing environmental pollution) which make provision which corresponds or is similar to any provision made, or capable of being made, under section 2(2) of the European Communities Act 1972 (c.68) in connection with the Directive.
Sector
Category
Source/Fuel/Gas
Key Category? Tier 1: Yes: 1990 (L), 2016 (LT); Tier 2: Yes: 1990 (L), 2016 (L, T) (1A1 Energy Industries-aggregated)
Category Description / Defini-Sum of emissions from main activity producers of electricity generation, combined heat and power generation, and heat plants. Main activity producers (formerly known as public utilises) are defined as those
tion
undertakings whose primary activity is to supply the public. They may be in public or private ownership. Emissions from own on-site use of fuel should be included. Emissions from autoproducers should be
assigned to the sector where they were generated and not under 1A1a. Country Detal
mormation on source category inia mail activity clecticity and heat production, sonu rucis
Energy
1A1 Energy Industries
1A1a Main activity electricity and heat production, solid fuels / CO,
| Ecuadon
(Describe variables for method
used)
Reference
In the Republic of Moldova electricity generation capacity include: Moldavian Thermal Power Plant (MTPP) in Dnestrovsk (on the left bank of the Dniester River) with an installed capacity of 2,520 MW; CHP-2
Chisinau, with an installed capacity of 240 MW and 1,200 Gcalh heat capacity, CHP-1 Chisinau, with an installed capacity of 66 MW and 254 Gcal/h heat capacity; CHP-North Bals, with an installed capacity
of 24 MW and 200 Gcalh heat capacity, other power plants, including CHP owned by sugar plants with an installed capacity of 97.5 MW operating on natural gas and residual fuel oil, built during 1966-1981. In recent years, renewable energy sources of small power are being developed. Their total capacity in 2015 represented 5 MW of electric power, while in 2016-circa 6.9 MW. In the RM, within 1990-2016,
the share of solid fuels (coal) from total fuel consumption within category 1A1a decreased from 23.0 percent to 0.4 percent. Within the current inventory cycle, GHG emission under the Sector 1 Energy were
13 (1) Provision under paragraph 12 must secure that- E+W+N.I. (a) where an administrator proposes to impose a discretionary requirement on a person, the administrator must serve on that person a notice of what is proposed (a "notice of intent") that complies with sub-paragraph (2), (b) that person may make written representations and objections to the administrator in relation to the proposed imposition of the discretionary requirement, (c) after the end of the period for making such representations and objections, the administrator must decide whether to- (i) impose the discretionary requirement, with or without modifications, or (ii) impose any other discretionary requirement that the administrator has power to impose under paragraph 12, (d) where the administrator decides to impose a discretionary requirement, the notice imposing it (the "final notice") complies with sub-paragraph (4), and (e) the person on whom a discretionary requirement is imposed may appeal against the decision to impose it. (2) To comply with this sub-paragraph the notice of intent must include information as to- (a) the grounds for the proposal to impose the discretionary requirement, (b) the right to make representations and objections, (c) the circumstances in which the administrator may not impose the discretionary requirement, (d) the period within which representations and objections may be made, which may not be less than the period of 28 days beginning with the day on which the notice of intent is received. (3) Provision pursuant to sub-paragraph (1)(c) must include provision for circumstances in which the administrator may not decide to impose a fixed monetary penalty. (4) To comply with this sub-paragraph the final notice referred to in sub-paragraph (1)(d) must include information as to- (a) the grounds for imposing the discretionary requirement, (b) where the discretionary requirement is a variable monetary penalty- (i) how payment may be made, (ii) the period within which payment must be made, and (iii) any early payment discounts or late payment penalties, (c) rights of appeal, and (d) the consequences of non-compliance. (5) Provision pursuant to sub-paragraph (1)(e) must secure that the grounds on which a person may appeal against a decision of the administrator include the following- (a) that the decision was based on an error of fact; (b) that the decision was wrong in law; (c) in the case of a variable monetary penalty, that the amount of the penalty is unreasonable; (d) in the case of a non-monetary discretionary requirement, that the nature of the requirement is unreasonable; (e) that the decision was unreasonable for any other reason.
The Energy Act 2016 formally establishes the Oil and Gas Authority (OGA), sets its regulatory powers, and regulates onshore wind power. It supersedes the previous versions of the Energy Act. &nbsp; The OGA is set up to regulate the oil and gas sector. A new strategy for the OGA was laid before parliament in December 2020 and came into force in February 2021. According to the new strategy the OGA has a new dal mandate to both “secure that the maximum value of economically recoverable petroleum is recovered from the strata beneath relevant UK waters” and, in doing so, “to take appropriate steps to assist the Secretary of State in meeting the net zero target.” &nbsp;The Act further amends Electricity Act 1989 to add provisions related to closure of onshore power stations and to use of Northern Ireland certificates (Part 5 of the Energy Act 2016).
14https://www.minzp.sk/files/oblasti/politika-zmeny-klimy/verejne-konzultacie-k-nus-sr_vyhodnotenie.pdf 1 Overall Emission Reductions and Enhancement of Removals up to 2050 2.1.1 Planned Emission Reductions and Enhancement of Removals up to 2050
Out of the GBP 350 million package to fuel green recovery and cut emissions from heavy industry, the government is opening up bids for a further £10million for R&D in the automotive sector. The fund will help companies take cutting edge ideas from prototype to market, including more efficient electric motors or more powerful batteries.
26 (1) The regulations may- U.K. (a) require the payment by participants or other persons authorised to trade in allowances, credits or certificates of charges of an amount determined by or under the regulations by reference to the costs of operating the scheme, and (b) provide for such charges to be imposed by- (i) a national authority, (ii) the administrator of the scheme, or (iii) such other person as may be specified in or determined in accordance with the regulations. (2) If the regulations provide for charges to be payable to a person other than a national authority, they must provide for that person to pay the sums received to the national authority or authorities specified in or determined in accordance with the regulations.
In its Program 2020-2024. The Government of the Republic of Croatia will emphasize the need to ensure sufficient liquidity for the economy in order to preserve economic activity, jobs and secure salaries, pensions and social benefits, which are prerequisites for the social security of citizens. He also emphasizes the need for administrative, tax and parafiscal relief of the economy in order to further create a stimulating and competitive business environment. Scope of reform and investment, level of preparedness and time required for implementation C1.1.1. Strengthening competitiveness and green transition of the economy (a) Reform measures C1.1.1 R1 Continuation of the reform of the business and regulatory environment Challenge
22 (1) For each financial year the Committee must- U.K. (a) prepare an annual report on the discharge of its functions during the year, and (b) send a copy to the national authorities within such period as the national authorities may direct. (2) A copy of each report received under this paragraph must be laid- (a) by the Secretary of State before Parliament, (b) by the Scottish Ministers before the Scottish Parliament, (c) by the Welsh Ministers before the National Assembly for Wales, and (d) by the relevant Northern Ireland department before the Northern Ireland Assembly.
20 E+W+N.I. The regulations may make provision about the persons liable to civil sanctions under regulations under this and may (in particular) provide for- (a) the officers of a body corporate to be so liable as well the body corporate itself, and (b) for the partners of a partnership to be liable as well as the partnership itself, in such circumstances as may be specified.
equal to 10.5% of the total electricity generation. Solar power has had an even more installed since 2014 in a reflection of the revised lower compensation prices. Greece closed transmission system and distribution network of Greece, including high-efficiency
When setting those targets, Member States shall take into account: (a) that the Unions 2020 energy consumption has to be no more than 1 474 Mtoe of primary energy or no more than 1 078 Mtoe of final energy; (b) the measures provided for in this Directive;
In 2013, the Government committed to working with industry to develop long-term decarbonisation and energy efficiency roadmaps with industrial sectors, focusing on those that use the greatest amount of heat and represent the greatest greenhouse gas emissions. The resulting project focused on eight sectors cement, ceramics, chemicals, food and drink, glass, iron and steel, oil refining, and paper and pulp. These reports were commissioned by the Department of Energy and Climate Change DECC and the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills BIS.
They were produced by a consortium of Parsons Brinckerhoff and DNV GL, based on a collaborative process featuring contributions from industry sector trade associations, their members, officials from DECC and BIS, and other experts. Each of the eight sector-specific reports explains the specific features of that industry, how the processes work and what fuels they currently use. The report then sets out a range of techno-economic and business decision-making evidence on the decarbonisation issues that are most relevant to that sector. This evidence is synthesised to produce a series of potential pathways for emissions reduction. Finally, the reports draw together conclusions from the evidence and pathways analysis to identify potential ways that progress could be made to help enable transition towards a low carbon economy with a competitive industrial sector. The emphasis is on collaborative working between industry, government and other stakeholders, considering issues such as supply chains, customer demand and the wider global perspective as well as technical and commercial challenges.
Slovenia will encourage research and development in the field of environmentally acceptable transport. Many companies and individuals are proud of this, which in the past and even now have actively contributed to the development of mobility at home and in the world, which is why additional investment will be made in development and research in this area. CO₂ neutral, with appropriate technological development also hydrogen vehicles. By 2050, Slovenia will completely replace fossil fuels in transport with low-carbon alternatives. All technologies to achieve this goal, especially in freight transport, are not yet technologically developed to the point where they would be price competitive, but the EU&#39;s commitment to reducing GHG emissions in transport is a stable framework for the further intensive development of these technologies. 6.3.5 Main areas of action
services sectors are more driven by short-term annual variations in weather and energy industry have been responsive to economic activity, while energy use in the residential and activity of these companies results in large amounts of value added, but results in little