Case: Puri Municipal Council and Others Vs. Indian Tobacco Company Limited

The famous city of Puri in the State of Orissa, is a municipality under the Orissa Municipal Act, 1950. Its limits extends upto the sea waters, on the side of the Bay of Bengal. Fish and prawn caught by fishermen from the sea have all along been brought within the municipal limit, sometimes through the nearest octroi checkpost on payment of octroi and more often without adopting that course. The fish and prawn are then taken to the market by fishermen where they are sold and bought by non-fishermen for local consumption or for export to other destinations. In the latter course, the goods inevitably are transported and have to pass out through octroi checkposts. The dispute between the parties i.e. the Puri Municipal Council and its officers on the one side and the Indian Tobacco Company Ltd. on the other, as projected before the High Court in writ proceedings centered around the question whether the taxing provisions of the Orissa Municipal Act and t he bye-laws made thereunder, permitted the Puri Municipal Council to charge octroi tax on a non-fishermen merely found in possession of fish and prawn within the municipal area, or while taking them out through exist points, or octroi posts.On challenge made by the respondent company to the steps taken by the Municipal Council, the Division Bench of Orissa High Court has taken the view that the invoked bye-law 11(2) by the Municipal Council speaks of evasion authorising the municipality to effect recovery of octroi tax on detection of that happening but that word was considered by the Bench to be distinct from non-payment of octroi duty the doubt about which could arise when the commodity is found in the municipal area in the possession of someone. The straight case of the municipality was that it can, under the said bye-law, proceed against the possessors of fish or prawnsincluding exporters of these on the premise of non-payment of octroi tax. Thathas been negatived by the High Court by a well-reasoned judgment.

Court's reasoning:
The word expression octri committed by the person bringing goods within municipal limits, since it is an entry tax. The person bringing the goods without payment of octroi is the evader and can certainly be brought within the ship of bye-law 11(2). A person merely in possession of such goods within a municipal area cannot be brought with ambit of bye-law 11(2) raising a presumtion that he is an evader because he may not have caused the entry and hence be not an evader.On the pleas of the municipality, the tax cannot be allowed to assume the character of a possessory tax or an exit tax. That would be against the text and content of the taxing provisions and their culpable part. the High Court in this fact situation properly saw through the matter and, in our view., afforded appropriateto the respondent, throwing out the specious plea of the appellant-municipality based on the fact that it was not in a position to put up octroi posts at every conceivable point alongside the sea shore. That aspect is the concern of the municipality and not that of the subject. If the words in the taxing statute fail, the tax must fail, without sentiment playing any role.