Case: SUPERTECH LTD Vs. RAJNI GOYAL

2. The factual matrix of the present case, briefly stated, is as under:2.1. The Appellant Builder was developing a project named Capetown in Sector 74, Noida. The Respondent Purchaser booked a residential flat with the Appellant Builder in the said project.2.2. On 22.05.2012, the Appellant Builder vide Allotment Letter allotted Flat No. 1606 to the Respondent Purchaser. As per the Allotment Letter, possession would be handed over in October 2013. This period could be extended due to unforeseen circumstances by a maximum of 6 months.The Agreement also provided for escalation charges if there was any fluctuation in the price of construction materials and/or labour costs during the course of construction, payable by the Respondent Purchaser.The Agreement provided for payment of maintenance charges by the Respondent Purchaser for maintenance and upkeep of the complex. These maintenance charges were payable from the date of issuance of a Letter of Offer of Possession.2.3. The Appellant Builder was not able to hand over possession of the flat in October 2013 as per the Allotment Letter dated 22.05.2012.2.4. The Appellant Builder issued a Pre-Possession Letter on 12.10.2015 to the Respondent Purchaser for completion of formalities, before possession could be handed over. The Pre-Possession Letter stated that upon completion of formalities as specified in the Letter, possession of the flat would be offered to the Respondent Purchaser. The Respondent Purchaser was called upon to pay Rs. 12,35,656/ towards the balance cost of the flat, maintenance charges, labour welfare charges, water connection charges, escalation costs, etc. The Respondent Purchaser was called upon to deposit the charges on or before 11.11.2015.2.5. The Respondent Purchaser failed to pay the charges demanded as per the Pre-Possession Letter by the Appellant Builder.2.6. That after over 15 months, on 15.03.2017, the Respondent Purchaser filed a Consumer Complaint under Section 21(a)(i) of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986[2] before the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission [hereinafter referred to as the Commission]. The Respondent Purchaser challenged the Pre-Possession Letter on the ground that on the date of issuance of the Pre-Possession Letter, the Appellant Builder had not obtained the Occupancy Certificate. The Respondent Purchaser also challenged the various charges demanded by the Appellant Builder in the PrePossession Letter.2.7. The Commission vide Judgment and Order dated 07.02.2018, partly allowed the Consumer Complaint of the Respondent Purchaser.The Commission held that out of the charges mentioned in the Pre-Possession Letter dated 12.10.2015, the Appellant Builder was entitled to payment of the following amountsi) An amount of Rs. 3,166/ towards interest on delayed payment.ii) Water connection charges if paid to the concerned Authority, on proportionate basis subject to furnishing proof of such payment, in terms of this order.iii) Labour welfare charges subject to furnishing proof and computation with respect to the said charges in terms of this order.iv) Escalation charges + service tax amounting to Rs. 3,88,797.19/However, the Commission held that since there was a delay in handing over possession of the flat to the Respondent Purchaser, the Appellant Builder was liable to pay Interest to the Respondent Purchaser by way of compensation. The scheduled date for handing over possession was 31.10.2013. The Appellant Builder had issued the Pre-Possession Letter on 31.10.2015. As per the Respondent Purchaser, the Appellant Builder did not have the Occupancy Certificate on that date.The Commission directed the Appellant Builder to pay compensation in the form of Simple Interest @8% p.a. from 01.11.2013 till the date on which possession was actually offered to the Respondent Purchaser.2.8. Aggrieved by the Order dated 07.02.2018, the Appellant Builder filed a Review Petition. The said Review Petition was dismissed by the Commission vide Order dated 22.03.2018.2.9. Aggrieved by the Order passed by the Commission in the Consumer Complaint as also in the Review Petition, the Appellant Builder has preferred the present Civil Appeals before this Court under Section 23 of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.

Court's reasoning:
Even though the Agreement provided for delivery of possession by 31.10.2013, the delay occurred because of various legal impediments in timely completion of the project because of various Orders passed by the National Green Tribunal. The delay ought to be computed from 6 months after 31.10.2013, i.e. from 01.05.2014 by taking into consideration, the 6 months grace period provided in the Agreement.Furthermore, the period of Interest should close on April 2016 when the Full Occupancy Certificate was obtained as per the admission of the Respondent Purchaser herself in Para 4(j) of the Consumer Complaint, wherein she has admitted that the Appellant Builder had obtained the Completion Certificate as late as April 2016. The Respondent Purchaser could not have any further grievance after April 2016 with respect to delay in handing over possession. The Respondent Purchaser ought not to be allowed to reap the benefits of her own delay in taking possession.