Case: SHRE CHAITANYA CONSTRUCTIONS Vs. SUDHIR POONUMCHAND PARAKH

There were 8 defendants in all. However, only Defendant No.5, who is the Respondent No.1 in this appeal, filed a written statement on 04.02.2011. Defendant No.5 neither led any evidence nor did he avail of any opportunity to cross- examine the plaintiff before the trial Court. The Trial Court, by its judgment dated 07.11.2012, rejected the prayer for specific performance and instead directed that a sum of Rs.2,26,40,370/- be paid as refund of part consideration already given. The First Appeal against the aforesaid judgment was filed by the plaintiff on 03.04.2013.Meanwhile, in an inter se litigation between the members of the defendants family, a partition suit had been filed by the present Respondent No.1 being O.S. No. 1298 of 1999 against the original Defendant Nos. 1-4 and certain others for partition of as many as 22 properties. The property with which the specific performance suit is concerned is stated to be Item No.7 in the Schedule that is appended to this suit. In this suit, an interim injunction had been passed restraining the defendants from creating third party rights. This was done on 22.03.2007. Since Suit No. 1298 of 1999 stood dismissed for non-prosecution on 18.11.2014, the said interim injunction would stand automatically vacated.Meanwhile, a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was entered into between the plaintiff and Defendant Nos. 1-8. What is important to note is that the present Respondent No.1, when he filed his written statement in the specific performance suit, admitted the factum of this MoU.An appeal that had been filed against the trial Court judgment in the specific performance suit was heard and finally decided by the High Court, in which the trial Court judgment was set aside and specific performance decreed in favour of the plaintiff. It may be mentioned that in this appeal, one Mr. Mandar Soman and Mr. P.S. Dani, learned Senior Advocate, appeared for the respondent No.1 and submitted a number of arguments and cited a number of judgments in favour of Respondent No.1. These have all been noted in the judgment dated 14.02.2018, and after turning down Mr. Dani?s arguments, the High Court allowed the appeal.The Respondent No.1 then filed a review petition against the aforesaid judgment, in which it was stated that he received a copy of the High Court judgment dated 14.02.2018 two days later, i.e. on 16.02.2018, and was shocked to find that he was represented by counsel who he had never appointed. It is his case before us, and this is not disputed by Mr. Basant, learned Senior Advocate for the appellant, that there was, in fact, no written Vakalatnama executed by Respondent No.1 in favour of Mandar Soman, who appeared to represent the Respondent No.1 in the appeal before the High Court.This being the case, the review petition was disposed of by the impugned judgment dated 27.09.2018, in which the High Court recalled its judgment of 14.02.2018 on the ground that since it is clear that the advocate who appeared on behalf of Respondent No.1, appeared without any written Vakalatnama (and appeared merely on alleged oral assurances, said to be given by Respondent No.1) the order must be recalled and Respondent No.1 must be heard. The High Court, therefore, allowed the review petition and restored the appeal.

Court's reasoning:
What is clear is that notices of the appeal were repeatedly served on respondent No.1. The first time when service was effected, the bailiff remarked that since Respondent No.1 was not found at the address at which he resides, service was effected by ?affixation on the door? of his residence. The High Court still felt that it was necessary under the rules to effect proper service, as a result of which, by its order dated 27.10.2015, it directed that service be made by Registered Post A.D. This was ultimately done on 03.11.2015, and notices were returned unserved with postal remarks ?unclaimed, hence returned to sender?. Not only this, after this happened, steps were then taken for service through paper publication, which was duly done by a notice issued in the Newspaper ?Prabhat? which has a wide circulation in Pune, on 18.01.2016. Pursuant to all these steps, by a formal order dated 22.02.2016 in First Appeal No. 295 of 2013, it was stated that service to the respondents wascorrectly contended by Mr. Basant, after service is effected, had respondent No.1 not appeared at all, he could not have complained of the same since, after service has been effected, he has chosen not to appear, and this being the position, he cannot then turn around and say that as he was not heard and that the appellate judgment should be set aside and the appeal restored. We have also perused the impugned judgment dated 14.02.2018. A large portion thereof is the recording of the submissions of Mr. Dani, learned Senior Advocate, on behalf of Respondent No.1, which are all submissions ranging from maintainability of the specific performance suit; the MoU being unstamped and therefore not admissible in evidence; and otherwise that on facts it would be inequitable to enforce specific performance in favour of the plaintiff. On the facts of the case, not a single argument has been pointed out which could be said to be ?collusive? in nature; that is while appearing to defend the Respondent No.1, an argument was made in the nature of a ?hit wicket? which would really favour the plaintiff.It may also be pointed out that even in equity, the Respondent No.1 has no case. We have perused the affidavit of Mr. Vinit Jain dated 26.07.2018 in which Mr. Jain states that being a son-in-law/close relative of one of the brothers of Respondent No.1, he was in charge of and handling this litigation. According to him, he was given an express oral assurance by all the brothers, including Respondent No.1, to engage the services of Mandar Soman, Advocate who would then brief a Senior Advocate and appear on behalf of Respondent No.1. Mr. Soman, in an affidavit of the same date, has affirmed these facts. Even otherwise, the father of Respondent No.1 has also, by an affidavit dated 02.08.2018 stated the same thing which has been agreed to by all the family members/close relatives, save and except Respondent No.1. We have no reason to disbelieve these affidavits. The only point in favour of the Respondent No.1 is the fact that there is no written Vakalatnama in favour of the counsel who represented him in the above appeal. The fact that Mr. Dani appeared against him in a contempt petition filed by Respondent No.1, which was disposed of in 2006, does not lead us very far. At that point of time, when the parties were at loggerheads, Mr. Dani did appeared for family members against the Respondent No.1. However, when the parties i.e. the Respondent No.1?s father and his brothers were all co- defendants in a specific performance suit in which their interest was common (that is, to oppose specific performance) it is difficult to appreciate that Mr. Dani?s appearance of 2006 should be put against his appearing in 2018 when Mr. Dani contested the specific performance suit tooth and nail.We also fail to appreciate Ms. Anjani Aiyagari?s other argument that had an argument based on the injunction granted in the partition suit been made, the appeal would have been decided differently. As correctly pointed out by Mr. Basant even this is incorrect. Para 33 of the judgment dated 14.02.2018 makes it clear that this aspect was argued and considered. The point about the parties exploring settlement earlier to the impugned judgment is again neither here nor there inasmuch as obviously when such settlement talks failed, the appeal had to be set down for hearing.It is clear that had the Respondent No.1 not chosen to appear at all, the judgment dated 14.02.2018 could not possibly have been recalled.