Security Council resolution 2443 (2018) [on renewal of the authorization of the European Union-led Multinational Stabilization Force (EUFOR ALTHEA) in Bosnia and Herzegovina for a period of 12 months]
Symbol: S/RES/2443 (2018)
Date: 2018-11-06
Meeting record: S/PV.8392
Subjects: EUFOR|NATO|Agreement on Implementing the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1995)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEBUILDING|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA|BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA SITUATION|FORMER YUGOSLAVIA SITUATION
Notes: Issued in: Resolutions and decisions of the Security Council, 2018 - S/INF/73 - (SCOR, 73rd year).

United Nations                                                                  S/RES/2443 (2018)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               6 November 2018




               Resolution 2443 (2018)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8392nd meeting, on
               6 November 2018

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling all its previous relevant resolutions concerning the conflicts in the
               Former Yugoslavia and relevant statements of its President, including resolutions
               1031 (1995) of 15 December 1995, 1088 (1996) of 12 December 1996, 1423 (2002)
               of 12 July 2002, 1491 (2003) of 11 July 2003, 1551 (2004) of 9 July 2004, 1575
               (2004) of 22 November 2004, 1639 (2005) of 21 November 2005, 1722 (2006) of
               21 November 2006, 1764 (2007) of 29 June 2007, 1785 (2007) of 21 November 2007,
               1845 (2008) of 20 November 2008, 1869 (2009) of 25 March 2009, 1895 (2009) of
               18 November 2009, 1948 (2010) of 18 November 2010, 2019 (2011) of 16 November
               2011, 2074 (2012) of 14 November 2012, 2123 (2013) of 12 November 2013, 2183
               (2014) of 11 November 2014, 2247 (2015) of 10 November 2015, 2315 (2016) of
               8 November 2016, and 2384 (2017) of 7 November 2017,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to the political settlement of the conflicts in the
               Former Yugoslavia, preserving the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all States
               there within their internationally recognized borders,
                     Underlining its commitment to support the implementation of the General
               Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the annexes thereto
               (collectively the Peace Agreement, S/1995/999, Annex), as well as the relevant
               decisions of the Peace Implementation Council (PIC),
                    Noting the reports of the High Representative, including his latest report of
               17 October 2018,
                     Encouraging the authorities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with the support of the
               international community, to accelerate their efforts to address the disposal of excess
               ammunition,
                     Emphasizing its appreciation to the Commander and personnel of the
               multinational stabilization force (EUFOR ALTHEA) and the personnel of other
               international organizations and agencies in Bosnia and Herzegovina for their
               contributions to the implementation of the Peace Agreement,
                    Recalling all the agreements concerning the status of forces referred to in
               Appendix B to Annex 1-A of the Peace Agreement, and reminding the parties o f their
               obligation to continue to comply therewith,




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                    Further recalling the provisions of its resolution 1551 (2004) concerning the
               provisional application of the status of forces agreements contained in Appendix B to
               Annex 1-A of the Peace Agreement,
                     Welcoming the continued presence of EUFOR ALTHEA and the EU’s readiness
               to continue at this stage an executive military role to support Bosnia and Herzegovina
               authorities to maintain the safe and secure environment, its decision to refocus the
               operation on its core mandate and to keep the operation under regular review,
               including on the basis of the situation on the ground,
                     Reiterating its calls on the competent authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina to
               take necessary steps to complete the 5+2 agenda, which remains necessary for closure
               of the Office of the High Representative, as confirmed by the PIC Steering Board
               communiqués,
                     Reaffirming provisions concerning the High Representative as set out in its
               previous resolutions, and further reaffirming Article V of Annex 10 of the Peace
               Agreement regarding the High Representative’s final authority in theatre in the
               interpretation of the civilian implementation of the Agreement,
                     Recognizing the importance of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s transition to a
               functional, reform oriented, modern and democratic European country,
                     Taking note of the Peace Agreement and of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s
               leadership’s commitment towards a European perspective, including through the
               submission of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s EU membership application in February
               2016 and through the ongoing work to answer the EU Commission ’s Opinion
               questionnaire through the coordination mechanism on EU matters, and encouraging
               response to the follow up questions, and recalling that this commitment needs to be
               translated urgently into comprehensive reform results on the ground,
                    Noting with concern continued polarizing unconstructive policies, actions and
               rhetoric in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and reiterating its calls to political leaders to
               advance reconciliation and mutual understanding,
                    Noting positively that the initial implementation of the Reform Agenda, has
               provided the first steps of structural adjustment to the economy of the country, while
               however, noting that the pace of implementation of the Reform Agenda has slowed
               and underscoring the urgency to step up the implementation of comprehensive
               reforms, in an inclusive manner, to the benefit of all citizens,
                     Emphasizing the need for Bosnia and Herzegovina to step up efforts regarding
               the functioning and independence of the judiciary, the fight against corruption and
               organized crime and the fight against terrorism and prevention of radicalization,
                     Urging all concerned parties to work constructively for the implementation of
               the results of the election and emphasizing the importance of a swift government
               formation at all levels, in the interest of all citizens,
                     Underscoring the urgency to address outstanding OSCE-ODIHR
               recommendations to improve the electoral framework and related rulings of the
               Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the European Court of Human
               Rights and emphasizing electoral reforms should be approached in a spirit of
               consensus and dialogue and should move the country towards modern democratic
               standards, and notes with regret the failure to make necessary amendments to the
               election law prior to the elections of 7 October 2018,
                    Encouraging the parties to implement Bosnia and Herzegovina’s National
               Action Plan on Women Peace and Security in an inclusive manner and looking
               forward to its continuation,


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                Taking note of the planned strategic review in early 2019,
                 Recognizing that the security environment has remained calm and stable, and
           noting that the Bosnia and Herzegovina authorities have so far proven capable to deal
           with threats to the safe and secure environment,
                 Determining that the situation in the region continues to constitute a threat to
           international peace and security,
                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                 1.   Reiterates that the primary responsibility for the further successful
           implementation of the Peace Agreement lies with all the authorities in Bosnia and
           Herzegovina themselves and notes the continued willingness of the internation al
           community and major donors to support them in implementing the Peace Agreement,
           and calls upon all the authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina to fully cooperate with
           the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals;
               2.  Welcomes the EU’s readiness to maintain an EU military operation
           (EUFOR ALTHEA) in Bosnia and Herzegovina from November 2018;
                 3.   Authorizes the Member States acting through or in cooperation with the
           EU to establish for a further period of twelve months, starting from the dat e of the
           adoption of this resolution, a multinational stabilization force (EUFOR ALTHEA) as
           a legal successor to SFOR under unified command and control, which will fulfil its
           missions in relation to the implementation of Annex 1 -A and Annex 2 of the Peace
           Agreement in cooperation with the NATO Headquarters presence in accordance with
           the arrangements agreed between NATO and the EU as communicated to the Security
           Council in their letters of 19 November 2004, which recognize that EUFOR ALTHEA
           will have the main peace stabilization role under the military aspects of the Peace
           Agreement;
                 4.   Decides to renew the authorization provided by paragraph 11 of its
           resolution 2183 (2014) for a further period of twelve months starting from the date of
           adoption of this resolution;
                 5.    Authorizes the Member States acting under paragraph 3 and 4 above to
           take all necessary measures to effect the implementation of and to ensure compliance
           with annexes 1-A and 2 of the Peace Agreement, stresses that the parties shall
           continue to be held equally responsible for the compliance with that annex and shall
           be equally subject to such enforcement action by EUFOR ALTHEA and the NATO
           presence as may be necessary to ensure implementation of those annexes and the
           protection of EUFOR ALTHEA and the NATO presence;
                 6.   Authorizes Member States to take all necessary measures, at the request of
           either EUFOR ALTHEA or the NATO Headquarters, in defence of the EUFOR
           ALTHEA or NATO presence respectively, and to assist both organizations in carrying
           out their missions, and recognizes the right of both EUFOR ALTHEA and the NATO
           presence to take all necessary measures to defend themselves from attack or threat of
           attack;
                 7.   Authorizes the Member States acting under paragraph 3 and 4 above, in
           accordance with annex 1-A of the Peace Agreement, to take all necessary measures
           to ensure compliance with the rules and procedures governing command and control
           of airspace over Bosnia and Herzegovina with respect to all civilian and military air
           traffic;
                 8.    Urges the parties to engage constructively on swift government formation
           at all levels and to prioritise the implementation of comprehensive reforms, in an
           inclusive manner, to the benefit of all citizens and in line with the European

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               perspective the country is committed to, and, in this regard, further calls on them to
               refrain from any polarizing unconstructive policy, action and rhetoric;
                    9.    Urges the parties, in accordance with the Peace Agreement, to abide to
               their commitment to cooperate fully with all institutions involved in the
               implementation of this peace settlement, as described in the Peace Agreement,
               including Annex 4;
                     10. Reaffirms that under the Peace Agreement, Bosnia and Herzegovina
               consists of two entities, which exist legally by virtue of the Bosnia and Herzegovina
               Constitution, and further reaffirms that any change to the Constitution must be made
               in accordance with the amendment procedure prescribed therein;
                    11.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.




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Texto español (official Spanish version): Naciones Unidas                                                                 S/RES/2443 (2018)
               Consejo de Seguridad                                            Distr. general
                                                                               6 de noviembre de 2018




               Resolución 2443 (2018)
               Aprobada por el Consejo de Seguridad en su 8392ª sesión,
               celebrada el 6 de noviembre de 2018

                    El Consejo de Seguridad,
                     Recordando todas sus resoluciones anteriores sobre los conflictos en la ex -
               Yugoslavia y las declaraciones de su Presidencia sobre el particular, incluidas las
               resoluciones 1031 (1995), de 15 de diciembre de 1995, 1088 (1996), de 12 de
               diciembre de 1996, 1423 (2002), de 12 de julio de 2002, 1491 (2003), de 11 de julio
               de 2003, 1551 (2004), de 9 de julio de 2004, 1575 (2004), de 22 de noviembre de
               2004, 1639 (2005), de 21 de noviembre de 2005, 1722 (2006), de 21 de noviembre de
               2006, 1764 (2007), de 29 de junio de 2007, 1785 (2007), de 21 de noviembre de 2007,
               1845 (2008), de 20 de noviembre de 2008, 1869 (2009), de 25 de marzo de 2009,
               1895 (2009), de 18 de noviembre de 2009, 1948 (2010), de 18 de noviembre de 2010,
               2019 (2011), de 16 de noviembre de 2011, 2074 (2012), de 14 de noviembre de 2012,
               2123 (2013), de 12 de noviembre de 2013, 2183 (2014), de 11 de noviembre de 2014,
               2247 (2015), de 10 de noviembre de 2015, 2315 (2016), de 8 de noviembre de 2016,
               y 2384 (2017), de 7 de noviembre de 2017,
                     Reafirmando su determinación de lograr una solución política para los
               conflictos en la ex-Yugoslavia, preservando la soberanía e integridad territorial de
               todos los Estados dentro de sus fronteras internacionalmente reconocidas,
                    Subrayando su determinación de apoyar la aplicación del Acuerdo Marco
               General de Paz en Bosnia y Herzegovina y sus Anexos (denominados colectivamente
               el Acuerdo de Paz, S/1995/999, anexo), así como las decisiones en la materia del
               Consejo de Aplicación del Acuerdo de Paz,
                     Teniendo en cuenta los informes del Alto Representante, incluido el más reciente
               de ellos, de fecha 17 de octubre de 2018,
                    Alentando a las autoridades de Bosnia y Herzegovina a que, con el apoyo de la
               comunidad internacional, aceleren los esfuerzos para ocuparse de la eliminación de
               las municiones excedentes,
                     Poniendo de relieve su agradecimiento al Comandante y al personal de la fuerza
               multinacional de estabilización (EUFOR ALTHEA) y al personal de otras
               organizaciones y organismos internacionales en Bosnia y Herzegovina por su
               contribución a la aplicación del Acuerdo de Paz,




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                     Recordando todos los acuerdos relativos al estatuto de las fuerzas que figuran
               en el apéndice B del anexo 1-A del Acuerdo de Paz, y recordando a las partes su
               obligación de seguir cumpliendo esos acuerdos,
                     Recordando también las disposiciones de su resolución 1551 (2004) relativas a
               la aplicación provisional de los acuerdos relativos al estatuto de las fuerzas que
               figuran en el apéndice B del anexo 1-A del Acuerdo de Paz,
                     Acogiendo con beneplácito la presencia continuada de la EUFOR ALTHEA y la
               disposición de la Unión Europea a seguir cumpliendo en esta etapa una función militar
               ejecutiva para apoyar a las autoridades de Bosnia y Herzegovina en el mantenimiento
               del entorno seguro, su decisión de reorientar la operación en su mandato básico y de
               examinarla con regularidad, en particular sobre la base de la situación sobre el terreno,
                     Reiterando sus exhortaciones a las autoridades competentes de Bosnia y
               Herzegovina para que adopten las medidas necesarias a fin de que se cumplan los
               cinco objetivos y las dos condiciones, lo cual sigue siendo imprescindible para el
               cierre de la Oficina del Alto Representante, como se confirmó en los comunicados de
               la Junta Directiva del Consejo de Aplicación del Acuerdo de Paz,
                    Reafirmando las disposiciones relativas al Alto Representante que figuran en
               sus resoluciones anteriores, y reafirmando además el artículo V del anexo 10 del
               Acuerdo de Paz relativo a la autoridad máxima del Alto Representante en el teatro de
               operaciones en lo tocante a la interpretación de la aplicación de los aspectos civiles
               del Acuerdo,
                    Reconociendo la importancia de la transición de Bosnia y Herzegovina para
               convertirse en un país europeo funcional, reformista, moderno y democrático,
                     Tomando nota del Acuerdo de Paz y del compromiso de los dirigentes de Bosnia
               y Herzegovina de apoyar una perspectiva europea, incluso mediante la presentación
               de la solicitud de Bosnia y Herzegovina de adhesión a la Unión Europea en febrero
               de 2016 y la labor en curso para responder al cuestionario de opinión de la Comisión
               de la Unión Europea por conducto del mecanismo de coordinación sobre cuestiones
               relacionadas con la Unión Europea, alentando a que respondan a las preguntas de
               seguimiento, y recordando que ese compromiso debe traducirse urgentemente en
               resultados de una reforma amplia sobre el terreno,
                     Observando con preocupación la persistencia en Bosnia y Herzegovina de
               políticas, medidas y argumentos no constructivos y que generan polarización, y
               reiterando sus llamamientos a los dirigentes políticos para que promuevan la
               reconciliación y el entendimiento mutuo,
                     Observando con satisfacción que la aplicación inicial del programa de reforma
               ha proporcionado las primeras medidas de ajuste estructural de la econ omía del país,
               observando, no obstante, que el ritmo de aplicación del programa de reforma se ha
               ralentizado y recalcando la urgencia de acelerar la aplicación de reformas amplias, de
               manera inclusiva, en beneficio de todos los ciudadanos,
                     Poniendo de relieve la necesidad de que Bosnia y Herzegovina redoble los
               esfuerzos en relación con el funcionamiento y la independencia del poder judicial, la
               lucha contra la corrupción y la delincuencia organizada, la lucha contra el terrorismo
               y la prevención de la radicalización,
                     Instando a todas las partes interesadas a que trabajen constructivamente para
               aplicar los resultados de las elecciones y poniendo de relieve la importancia de la
               pronta formación del Gobierno a todos los niveles, en el interés de todos los
               ciudadanos,



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                 Recalcando la urgencia de aplicar las recomendaciones pendientes de la Oficina
           de Instituciones Democráticas y Derechos Humanos de la OSCE para mejorar el
           marco electoral y las sentencias del Tribunal Constitucional de Bosnia y Herzegovina
           y del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, poniendo de relieve que las reformas
           electorales deben abordarse con un espíritu de consenso y diálogo y deben contribuir
           a que el país se adhiera a los estándares de las democracias modernas, y lamentando
           que no se hicieran las enmiendas necesarias de la ley electoral antes de las elecciones
           del 7 de octubre de 2018,
                Alentando a las partes a que apliquen el Plan de Acción Nacional de Bosnia y
           Herzegovina sobre las Mujeres y la Paz y la Seguridad de manera inclusiva, y
           aguardando con interés su continuación,
                Tomando nota del examen estratégico previsto para comienzos de 2019,
               Reconociendo que el entorno de la seguridad se ha mantenido en calma y estable,
           y observando que hasta la fecha las autoridades de Bosnia y Her zegovina han
           demostrado ser capaces de afrontar las amenazas a la seguridad del entorno,
               Habiendo determinado que la situación de la región sigue constituyendo una
           amenaza para la paz y la seguridad internacionales,
                Actuando en virtud del Capítulo VII de la Carta de las Naciones Unidas,
                1.    Reitera que la responsabilidad primordial de que el Acuerdo de Paz
           continúe aplicándose con éxito recae en las propias autoridades de Bosnia y
           Herzegovina, observa que la comunidad internacional y los principales donantes
           siguen estando dispuestos a apoyarlas en la aplicación del Acuerdo de Paz y exhorta
           a todas las autoridades de Bosnia y Herzegovina a que cooperen plenamente con el
           Mecanismo Residual Internacional de los Tribunales Penale s;
                2.   Acoge con beneplácito que la Unión Europea esté dispuesta a mantener
           una operación militar de la Unión Europea (EUFOR ALTHEA) en Bosnia y
           Herzegovina después de noviembre de 2018;
                 3.    Autoriza a los Estados Miembros a que, actuando por conducto de la Unión
           Europea o en cooperación con ella, establezcan, por un nuevo período de 12 meses a
           partir de la fecha en que se apruebe la presente resolución, una fuerza multinacional
           de estabilización (EUFOR ALTHEA) como sucesora legal de la SFOR, bajo mando y
           control unificados, que cumplirá sus misiones en relación con la aplicación de lo
           dispuesto en los anexos 1-A y 2 del Acuerdo de Paz en cooperación con la presencia
           del cuartel general de la Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte (OTAN), de
           conformidad con las disposiciones convenidas entre la OTAN y la Unión Europea y
           comunicadas al Consejo de Seguridad en sus cartas de fecha 19 de noviembre de 2004,
           donde se reconoce que la EUFOR ALTHEA desempeñará la principal función de
           estabilización de la paz en relación con los aspectos militares del Acuerdo de Paz;
                4.    Decide renovar la autorización otorgada en el párrafo 11 de su resolución
           2183 (2014) por un nuevo período de 12 meses, que se iniciará en la fecha en que se
           apruebe la presente resolución;
                 5.    Autoriza a los Estados Miembros a que, actuando de conformidad con los
           párrafos 3 y 4 de la presente resolución, adopten todas las medidas necesarias para
           lograr la aplicación y asegurar el cumplimiento de lo dispuesto en los anexos 1-A y 2
           del Acuerdo de Paz, y destaca que las partes seguirán siendo consideradas igualmente
           responsables del cumplimiento de esas disposiciones y estarán sujetas por igual a las
           medidas coercitivas de la EUFOR ALTHEA y la presencia de la OTAN que sean
           necesarias para asegurar la aplicación de dichos anexos y proteger a la EUFOR
           ALTHEA y a la presencia de la OTAN;


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                     6.   Autoriza a los Estados Miembros a que adopten todas las medidas
               necesarias, a instancias de la EUFOR ALTHEA o del cuartel general de la OTAN, en
               defensa de la EUFOR ALTHEA o la presencia de la OTAN, respectivamente, y a que
               presten asistencia a ambas organizaciones en el cumplimiento de sus misiones, y
               reconoce el derecho de la EUFOR ALTHEA y de la presencia de la OTAN a tomar
               todas las medidas necesarias para defenderse en caso de ataque o amenaza de ataque;
                     7.   Autoriza a los Estados Miembros a que, actuando de conformidad con los
               párrafos 3 y 4 de la presente resolución y en virtud del anexo 1 -A del Acuerdo de Paz,
               adopten todas las medidas necesarias para asegurar el cumplimiento de las normas y
               los procedimientos que rigen el mando y el control del espacio aéreo de Bosnia y
               Herzegovina con respecto a todo el tráfico aéreo civil y militar;
                    8.    Insta a las partes a que colaboren constructivamente para formar
               prontamente un Gobierno y den prioridad a la aplicación de reformas amplias, de
               manera inclusiva, en beneficio de todos los ciudadanos y en consonancia con la
               perspectiva europea que el país se ha comprometido a apoyar y, a ese respecto,
               exhorta también a las partes a que se abstengan de adoptar políticas, medidas y
               argumentos no constructivos y que generan polarización;
                    9.    Insta a las partes, de conformidad con el Acuerdo de Paz, a que cumplan
               su compromiso de cooperar plenamente con todas las instituciones participantes en
               su aplicación que se describen en él, incluido el anexo 4;
                    10. Reafirma que, de conformidad con el Acuerdo de Paz, Bosnia y
               Herzegovina está compuesta por dos entidades, que existen legalme nte en virtud de
               la Constitución de Bosnia y Herzegovina, y reafirma además que todo cambio de la
               Constitución debe hacerse de conformidad con el procedimiento de enmienda
               enunciado en ella;
                    11.   Decide seguir ocupándose de la cuestión.




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Texte français (official French version): Nations Unies                                                                  S/RES/2443 (2018)
               Conseil de sécurité                                             Distr. générale
                                                                               6 novembre 2018




               Résolution 2443 (2018)
               Adoptée par le Conseil de sécurité à sa 8392 e séance,
               le 6 novembre 2018

                    Le Conseil de sécurité,
                     Rappelant toutes ses résolutions antérieures relatives aux conflits dans l ’ex-Yougoslavie et les déclarations de son président sur la question, y compris ses
               résolutions 1031 (1995) du 15 décembre 1995, 1088 (1996) du 12 décembre 1996,
               1423 (2002) du 12 juillet 2002, 1491 (2003) du 11 juillet 2003, 1551 (2004) du
               9 juillet 2004, 1575 (2004) du 22 novembre 2004, 1639 (2005) du 21 novembre 2005,
               1722 (2006) du 21 novembre 2006, 1764 (2007) du 29 juin 2007, 1785 (2007) du
               21 novembre 2007, 1845 (2008) du 20 novembre 2008, 1869 (2009) du 25 mars 2009,
               1895 (2009) du 18 novembre 2009, 1948 (2010) du 18 novembre 2010, 2019 (2011)
               du 16 novembre 2011, 2074 (2012) du 14 novembre 2012, 2123 (2013) du
               12 novembre 2013, 2183 (2014) du 11 novembre 2014, 2247 (2015) du 10 novembre
               2015, 2315 (2016) du 8 novembre 2016 et 2384 (2017) du 7 novembre 2017,
                     Réaffirmant son attachement à un règlement politique des conflits dans l ’ex-Yougoslavie qui sauvegarderait la souveraineté et l’intégrité territoriale de tous les
               États à l’intérieur de leurs frontières internationalement reconnues,
                     Se déclarant résolu à appuyer l’application de l’Accord-cadre général pour la
               paix en Bosnie-Herzégovine et de ses annexes (appelés collectivement Accord de
               paix, S/1995/999, annexe), ainsi que des décisions correspondantes du Conseil de
               mise en œuvre de la paix,
                    Prenant acte des rapports du Haut-Représentant, dont le plus récent date du
               17 octobre 2018,
                     Encourageant les autorités de la Bosnie-Herzégovine à intensifier, avec l’aide
               de la communauté internationale, les efforts qu’elles accomplissent en vue d’éliminer
               les munitions excédentaires,
                     Exprimant ses remerciements au commandant et au personnel de la Force
               multinationale de stabilisation (EUFOR ALTHEA) ainsi qu’au personnel des autres
               organisations et organismes internationaux présents en Bosnie -Herzégovine pour leur
               contribution à la mise en œuvre de l’Accord de paix,
                     Rappelant tous les accords sur le statut des forces visés à l’appendice B de
               l’annexe 1-A de l’Accord de paix et rappelant aux parties l’obligation qui leur est
               faite de continuer d’en appliquer les dispositions,




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                    Rappelant également les dispositions de sa résolution 1551 (2004) concernant
              l’application à titre provisoire des accords sur le statut des forces figurant à
              l’appendice B de l’annexe 1-A de l’Accord de paix,
                    Se félicitant de la présence ininterrompue de l’EUFOR ALTHEA et saluant la
              volonté de l’Union européenne de continuer à ce stade de jouer un rôle militaire
              exécutif afin d’aider les autorités de la Bosnie-Herzégovine à maintenir un climat de
              sûreté et de sécurité, ainsi que sa décision de recentrer l’opération sur son mandat
              principal et de faire en sorte que celle-ci fasse l’objet d’une évaluation régulière, en
              fonction notamment de la situation sur le terrain,
                    Demandant une nouvelle fois aux autorités compétentes de la Bosnie -
              Herzégovine de prendre les mesures nécessaires pour mener à bien le programme
              « 5 plus 2 », qui demeure nécessaire pour la fermeture du Bureau du Haut -
              Représentant, comme l’a confirmé le Comité directeur du Conseil de mise en œuvre
              de la paix dans ses communiqués,
                    Réaffirmant les dispositions relatives au Haut-Représentant énoncées dans ses
              résolutions antérieures et réaffirmant également l’article V de l’annexe 10 de l’Accord
              de paix en ce qui concerne le pouvoir du Haut-Représentant, sur le théâtre des
              opérations, d’interpréter en dernier ressort la mise à effet du volet civil de cet accord,
                   Conscient de l’importance de la transition engagée par la Bosnie-Herzégovine
              pour se muer en un pays européen fonctionnel, soucieux de réforme, moderne et
              démocratique,
                    Prenant note de l’Accord de paix et de l’attachement des dirigeants de la Bosnie-Herzégovine en faveur d’une perspective européenne, qui s’est notamment manifesté
              par la présentation de la demande d’adhésion à l’Union européenne faite par la
              Bosnie-Herzégovine en février 2016 et par le travail accompli pour répondre au
              questionnaire de l’Opinion de la Commission européenne par le biais du mécanisme
              de coordination sur les questions de l’Union européenne, encourageant la Bosnie-Herzégovine à répondre aux questions de suivi et rappelant que cet attachement doit
              se traduire d’urgence par des réformes globales et concrètes,
                   Observant avec préoccupation la persistance de politiques, d’actions et de
              discours non constructifs et semant la division en Bosnie -Herzégovine, et enjoignant
              de nouveau aux dirigeants politiques de promouvoir la réconciliation et la
              compréhension mutuelle,
                    Constatant avec satisfaction que l’exécution du programme de réforme a
              initialement fourni les premières mesures d’ajustement structurel à l’économie du
              pays, mais observant que son rythme s’est ralenti et soulignant qu’il est urgent
              d’accélérer la mise à effet de réformes globales, de manière inclusive et au bénéfice
              de tous les citoyens,
                   Soulignant qu’il faut que la Bosnie-Herzégovine redouble d’efforts en ce qui
              concerne le fonctionnement et l’indépendance de la magistrature, la répression de la
              corruption et de la criminalité organisée ainsi que la lutte contre le terrorisme et la
              prévention de la radicalisation,
                    Priant instamment toutes les parties concernées à s’employer de façon
              constructive à donner suite aux élections et soulignant qu’il importe de procéder sans
              tarder à la mise en place du gouvernement et de l’administration à tous les niveaux,
              dans l’intérêt de tous les citoyens,
                   Soulignant qu’il est urgent de répondre aux recommandations laissées sans suite
              du Bureau des institutions démocratiques et des droits de l ’homme (BIDDH) de
              l’Organisation pour la sécurité et la coopération en Europe (OSCE) visant à améliorer


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           le cadre électoral, ainsi qu’aux arrêts de la Cour constitutionnelle de Bosnie-Herzégovine et de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme, soulignant que les
           réformes électorales devraient être abordées dans un esprit de consensus et de
           dialogue et faire avancer le pays vers des normes démocratiques modernes, et
           constatant avec regret que les réformes nécessaires n’ont pas été apportées au droit
           électoral préalablement à la tenue des élections du 7 octobre 2018,
                Encourageant les parties à mettre en œuvre le Plan d’action national sur les
           femmes, la paix et la sécurité de la Bosnie-Herzégovine de manière inclusive et
           attendant avec intérêt la poursuite de son application,
                Prenant note également de l’examen stratégique prévu pour le début de 2019,
                 Constatant que la situation est restée calme et stable sur le plan de la sécurité et
           notant que les autorités de la Bosnie-Herzégovine se sont jusqu’ici montrées capables
           de faire face aux menaces qui pèsent sur la sûreté et la sécurité,
                 Constatant également que la situation dans la région continue de menacer la
           paix et la sécurité internationales,
                Agissant en vertu du Chapitre VII de la Charte des Nations Unies,
                 1.   Souligne de nouveau que c’est à l’ensemble des autorités de la Bosnie-Herzégovine qu’il incombe au premier chef de continuer à assurer l’application
           efficace de l’Accord de paix, constate que la communauté internationale et les
           principaux donateurs restent disposés à les y aider et leur demande de coopérer
           pleinement avec le Mécanisme international appelé à exercer les fonctions résiduelles
           des Tribunaux pénaux ;
                2.    Se félicite de l’intention manifestée par l’Union européenne de poursuivre
           son opération militaire (EUFOR ALTHEA) en Bosnie-Herzégovine après novembre
           2018 ;
                 3.    Autorise les États Membres, agissant par l’intermédiaire de l’Union
           européenne ou en coopération avec elle, à créer pour une nouvelle période de douze
           mois à compter de la date d’adoption de la présente résolution une force
           multinationale de stabilisation (EUFOR ALTHEA) succédant juridiquement à la
           SFOR avec une structure de commandement et de direction des opérations unifiée,
           qui remplira ses missions liées à la mise en œuvre des dispositions des annexes 1 -A
           et 2 de l’Accord de paix en coopération avec le quartier général de l ’OTAN sur place,
           conformément aux arrangements qui ont été conclus entre l’OTAN et l’Union
           européenne et qui lui ont été communiqués par ces deux institutions dans leurs lettres
           du 19 novembre 2004, par lesquelles elles conviennent que l’EUFOR ALTHEA jouera
           le rôle principal dans la stabilisation de la paix s’agissant des aspects militaires de
           l’Accord de paix ;
                4.    Décide de renouveler l’autorisation qu’il a accordée au paragraphe 11 de
           sa résolution 2183 (2014) pour une période de douze mois à compter de la date
           d’adoption de la présente résolution ;
                 5.   Autorise les États Membres à prendre, en vertu des paragraphes 3 et 4 ci -
           dessus, toutes les mesures nécessaires pour faire appliquer et respecter les annexes
           1-A et 2 de l’Accord de paix, souligne que les parties continuent de répondre à égalité
           de l’observation des dispositions de ces annexes et qu’elles encourent à égalité les
           mesures coercitives que l’EUFOR ALTHEA et la présence de l’OTAN pourraient
           juger nécessaires pour assurer l’application des annexes en question et leur propre
           protection ;
                6.  Autorise également les États Membres à prendre, à la demande de
           l’EUFOR ALTHEA ou du quartier général de l’OTAN, toute mesure nécessaire pour

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              défendre l’EUFOR ALTHEA ou la présence de l’OTAN et pour aider ces deux entités
              à remplir leur mission, et reconnaît à l’une comme à l’autre le droit de prendre toute
              mesure de protection nécessaire en cas d’attaque ou de menace ;
                    7.    Autorise en outre les États Membres, agissant en vertu des paragraphes 3
              et 4 ci-dessus et conformément à l’annexe 1-A de l’Accord de paix, à prendre toute
              mesure nécessaire afin de faire respecter les règles de fond et de procédure organisant
              la maîtrise de l’espace aérien de la Bosnie-Herzégovine pour l’aviation civile et
              militaire ;
                    8.    Exhorte les parties à entreprendre de manière constructive la mise en place
              du gouvernement et de l’administration à tous les niveaux et à accélérer la mise en
              œuvre de réformes globales, de manière inclusive, au bénéfice de tous les citoyens et
              conformément à la perspective européenne en faveur de laquelle le pays s ’est engagé
              et, à cet égard, les invite à s’abstenir de toute politique, de toute action ou de tout
              discours non constructif et semant la division ;
                    9.    Demande instamment aux parties, conformément à l’Accord de paix, de
              respecter leur engagement de coopérer pleinement avec toutes les institutions
              participant à la mise en œuvre des mesures de paix établies, ainsi qu ’il est prévu dans
              l’Accord de paix, notamment l’annexe 4 ;
                    10. Réaffirme que, selon l’Accord de paix, la Bosnie-Herzégovine se compose
              de deux entités, dont l’existence est reconnue juridiquement par sa Constitution, et
              réaffirme également que toute modification de celle -ci doit être effectuée
              conformément à la procédure qui y est prévue ;
                    11.   Décide de rester saisi de la question.




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Русский текст (official Russian version): Организация Объединенных Наций                                                             S/RES/2443 (2018)
               Совет Безопасности                                          Distr.: General
                                                                           6 November 2018




               Резолюция 2443 (2008),
               принятая Советом Безопасности на его 8392-м заседании
               6 ноября 2018 года
                    Совет Безопасности,
                    ссылаясь на все свои предыдущие соответствующие резолюции, касающи-
               еся конфликтов в бывшей Югославии, и соответствующие заявления своего
               Председателя, включая резолюции 1031 (1995) от 15 декабря 1995 года, 1088
               (1996) от 12 декабря 1996 года, 1423 (2002) от 12 июля 2002 года, 1491 (2003) от
               11 июля 2003 года, 1551 (2004) от 9 июля 2004 года, 1575 (2004) от 22 ноября
               2004 года, 1639 (2005) от 21 ноября 2005 года, 1722 (2006) от 21 ноября
               2006 года, 1764 (2007) от 29 июня 2007 года, 1785 (2007) от 21 ноября 2007 года,
               1845 (2008) от 20 ноября 2008 года, 1869 (2009) от 25 марта 2009 года, 1895
               (2009) от 18 ноября 2009 года, 1948 (2010) от 18 ноября 2010 года, 2019 (2011)
               от 16 ноября 2011 года, 2074 (2012) от 14 ноября 2012 года, 2123 (2013) от 12 но-
               ября 2013 года, 2183 (2014) от 11 ноября 2014 года, 2247 (2015) от 10 ноября
               2015 года, 2315 (2016) от 8 ноября 2016 года и 2384 (2017) от 7 ноября 2017 года,
                    подтверждая свою приверженность политическому урегулированию кон-
               фликтов в бывшей Югославии, обеспечивающему сохранение суверенитета и
               территориальной целостности всех находящихся там государств в их междуна-
               родно признанных границах,
                    подчеркивая свою приверженность делу поддержки осуществления Об-
               щего рамочного соглашения о мире в Боснии и Герцеговине и приложений к
               нему (в совокупности именуемых Мирным соглашением, S/1995/999, приложе-
               ние), а также соответствующих решений Совета по выполнению Мирного со-
               глашения (СВМС),
                    принимая к сведению доклады Высокого представителя, в том числе его
               последний доклад от 17 октября 2018 года,
                   призывая власти Боснии и Герцеговины активизировать при поддержке
               международного сообщества свои усилия по решению проблемы утилизации из-
               лишков боеприпасов,
                    выражая свою особую признательность Командующему и персоналу мно-
               гонациональных сил по стабилизации (операции Сил Европейского союза (СЕС)
               «Алфея») и персоналу других международных организаций и учреждений в Бос-
               нии и Герцеговине за их вклад в осуществление Мирного соглашения,




18-18709 (R)     061118   061118
*1818709*

S/RES/2443 (2018)

                    ссылаясь на все касающиеся статуса сил соглашения, о которых идет речь
               в добавлении B к приложению 1-А к Мирному соглашению, и напоминая сторо-
               нам об их обязанности продолжать соблюдать их,
                    ссылаясь далее на положения своей резолюции 1551 (2004), касающиеся
               применения на временной основе соглашений о статусе сил, содержащихся в
               добавлении В к приложению 1-А к Мирному соглашению,
                    приветствуя сохраняющееся присутствие операции СЕС «Алфея» и готов-
               ность ЕС сохранить за собой на данном этапе роль исполнительного военного
               органа для оказания поддержки властям Боснии и Герцеговины в их усилиях по
               поддержанию безопасной и спокойной обстановки, его решение переориенти-
               ровать действия в рамках операции на выполнение ее о сновного мандата и ре-
               гулярно проводить обзор операции, в том числе исходя из обстановки на местах,
                    вновь обращаясь с призывом к компетентным властям Боснии и Герцего-
               вины принять необходимые меры для завершения выполнения принятой в фор-
               мате «пять плюс два» программы, что по-прежнему необходимо для закрытия
               Канцелярии Высокого представителя, как это было подтверждено в коммюнике
               Руководящего совета СВМС,
                    подтверждая содержащиеся в его предыдущих резолюциях положения,
               касающиеся Высокого представителя, и подтверждая далее, что согласно ста-
               тье V приложения 10 к Мирному соглашению Высокому представителю принад-
               лежит на театре действий окончательное право толкования гражданских аспек-
               тов осуществления Соглашения,
                    признавая важность преобразования Боснии и Герцеговины в эффективно
               функционирующее, ориентированное на реформы, современное и демократиче-
               ское европейское государство,
                    принимая к сведению Мирное соглашение и приверженность руководства
               Боснии и Герцеговины европейской перспективе, выразившуюся, в частности, в
               подаче Боснией и Герцеговиной в феврале 2016 года заявки на вступление в ЕС,
               а также в продолжающейся работе с целью ответа на вопросник Комиссии ЕС
               для выяснения мнений в рамках координационного механизма по вопросам ЕС,
               и призывая ответить на последующие вопросы, а также напоминая о том, что
               эту приверженность необходимо срочно превратить в достижение на местах ре-
               зультатов в деле всеобъемлющей реформы,
                    отмечая с озабоченностью сохранение в Боснии и Герцеговине вносящих
               раскол неконструктивных политики, действий и заявлений и вновь призывая по-
               литических лидеров продвигать вперед процесс достижения примирения и вза-
               имопонимания,
                    положительно отмечая, что на начальном этапе осуществления про-
               граммы реформ сделаны первые шаги в части структурной перестройки эконо-
               мики страны, отмечая, однако, при этом, что темпы осуществления программы
               реформ замедлились, и подчеркивая настоятельную необходимость активизиро-
               вать осуществление всеобъемлющих реформ на всеохватной основе на благо
               всех граждан,
                   подчеркивая необходимость активизации Боснией и Герцеговиной своих
               усилий в плане обеспечения функционирования и независимости судебной си-
               стемы, борьбы с коррупцией и организованной преступностью, борьбы с терро-
               ризмом и предотвращения радикализации,




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                                                                                       S/RES/2443 (2018)

                настоятельно призывая все заинтересованные стороны к конструктивным
           действиям по реализации итогов выборов и подчеркивая важность быстрого
           формирования органов государственного управления всех уровней в интересах
           всех граждан,
                подчеркивая настоятельную необходимость выполнения остающихся реко-
           мендаций ОБСЕ-БДИПЧ относительно совершенствования избирательной си-
           стемы, а также соответствующих постановлений Конституционного суда Бос-
           нии и Герцеговины и Европейского суда по правам человека и особо отмечая,
           что к реформе избирательной системы следует подходить в духе консенсуса и
           диалога и что она должна способствовать продвижению страны по пути к реа-
           лизации современных демократических стандартов, и отмечая с сожалением,
           что до выборов 7 октября 2018 года не удалось внести необходимые поправки в
           закон о выборах,
                призывая стороны выполнить национальный план действий Боснии и Гер-
           цеговины в отношении женщин, мира и безопасности на основе участия всех
           сторон и рассчитывая на его развитие,
                принимая к сведению запланированный на начало 2019 года стратегиче-
           ский обзор,
                признавая, что обстановка в плане безопасности остается спокойной и ста-
           бильной, и отмечая, что власти Боснии и Герцеговины до настоящего времени
           оказывались в состоянии противостоять угрозам для безопасной и стабильной
           обстановки,
               определяя, что положение в регионе по-прежнему создает угрозу для меж-
           дународного мира и безопасности,
               действуя на основании главы VII Устава Организации Объединенных
           Наций,
                1.   вновь заявляет, что главная ответственность за дальнейшее успешное
           осуществление Мирного соглашения лежит на всех органах власти самой Бос-
           нии и Герцеговины, и отмечает, что международное сообщество и основные до-
           норы готовы и далее оказывать им помощь в осуществлении Мирного соглаше-
           ния, и призывает все органы власти в Боснии и Герцеговине всецело сотрудни-
           чать с Международным остаточным механизмом для уголовных трибуналов;
               2.  приветствует готовность ЕС продолжать военную операцию ЕС
           (СЕС «Алфея») в Боснии и Герцеговине и после ноября 2018 года;
                3.   уполномочивает государства-члены, действующие через ЕС или в со-
           трудничестве с ним, создать на дополнительный период в двенадцать месяцев,
           начинающийся с даты принятия настоящей резолюции, в качестве правопреем-
           ника СПС многонациональные силы по стабилизации (операция СЕС «Алфея»)
           под единым командованием и управлением, которые будут выполнять свои за-
           дачи в связи с осуществлением приложения 1-А и приложения 2 к Мирному со-
           глашению в сотрудничестве с присутствующим в стране штабом НАТО в соот-
           ветствии с договоренностями, согласованными между НАТО и ЕС и доведен-
           ными до сведения Совета Безопасности в их письмах от 19 ноября 2004 года, в
           которых признается, что операция СЕС «Алфея» будет играть главную стабили-
           зирующую роль в пользу мира в соответствии с военными аспектами Мирного
           соглашения;
                4.   постановляет продлить срок действия полномочий, предусмотрен-
           ных в пункте 11 его резолюции 2183 (2014), на дополнительный период в двена-
           дцать месяцев, начинающийся с даты принятия настоящей резолюции;


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                    5.    уполномочивает государства-члены, действующие на основании
               пунктов 3 и 4 выше, принимать все необходимые меры по осуществлению и
               обеспечению соблюдения приложений 1-A и 2 к Мирному соглашению, подчер-
               кивает, что стороны по-прежнему несут равную ответственность за соблюдение
               этих приложений и в равной степени подпадают под такие меры по обеспечению
               соблюдения со стороны операции СЕС «Алфея» и присутствия НАТО, которые
               могут потребоваться для обеспечения осуществления этих приложений и за-
               щиты операции СЕС «Алфея» и присутствия НАТО;
                    6.   уполномочивает государства-члены принимать по просьбе либо опе-
               рации СЕС «Алфея», либо штаба НАТО все необходимые меры в защиту соот-
               ветственно операции СЕС «Алфея» или присутствия НАТО и оказывать обеим
               организациям содействие в осуществлении их миссий и признает право как опе-
               рации СЕС «Алфея», так и присутствия НАТО принимать все необходимые
               меры для защиты себя от нападения или угрозы нападения;
                    7.   уполномочивает государства-члены, действующие на основании
               пунктов 3 и 4 выше, в соответствии с приложением 1-A к Мирному соглашению
               принимать все необходимые меры по обеспечению соблюдения правил и проце-
               дур, регулирующих командование и управление воздушным пространством над
               Боснией и Герцеговиной в отношении всех гражданских и военных воздушных
               перевозок;
                    8.   настоятельно призывает стороны конструктивно взаимодействовать
               в вопросе быстрого формирования органов государственного управления всех
               уровней и в приоритетном порядке заняться осуществлением всеобъемлющих
               реформ на всеохватной основе в интересах всех граждан в соответствии с евро-
               пейской перспективой, которой привержена страна, и в этой связи далее призы-
               вает их воздерживаться от любых вносящих раскол неконструктивных поли-
               тики, действий и заявлений;
                    9.   настоятельно призывает стороны соблюдать в соответствии с Мир-
               ным соглашением свое обязательство в полной мере сотрудничать со всеми
               учреждениями, участвующими в осуществлении этого мирного урегулирования,
               согласно положениям Мирного соглашения, в том числе приложения 4;
                    10. подтверждает, что в соответствии с Мирным соглашением Босния и
               Герцеговина состоит из двух образований, которые существуют на законных ос-
               нованиях в соответствии с Конституцией Боснии и Герцеговины, и подтвер-
               ждает далее, что любое изменение Конституции должно происходить в соответ-
               ствии с предусмотренной ею процедурой внесения поправок;
                    11.   постановляет продолжать заниматься этим вопросом.




4/4                                                                                           18-18709

中文文本 (official Chinese version): 联合国                                                             S/RES/2443 (2018)
               安全理事会                                              Distr.: General
                                                                  6 November 2018




               第 2443(2018)号决议

               2018 年 11 月 6 日安全理事会第 8392 次会议通过

                   安全理事会，

                   回顾其以往关于前南斯拉夫境内冲突的所有相关决议和相关主席声明，包括
               1995 年 12 月 15 日第 1031(1995)、1996 年 12 月 12 日第 1088(1996)、2002 年 7
               月 12 日第 1423(2002)、2003 年 7 月 11 日第 1491(2003)、2004 年 7 月 9 日第
               1551(2004)、2004 年 11 月 22 日第 1575(2004)、2005 年 11 月 21 日第 1639(2005)、
               2006 年 11 月 21 日第 1722(2006)、2007 年 6 月 29 日第 1764(2007)、2007 年 11
               月 21 日第 1785(2007)、2008 年 11 月 20 日第 1845(2008)、2009 年 3 月 25 日第
               1869(2009)、2009 年 11 月 18 日第 1895(2009)、2010 年 11 月 18 日第 1948(2010)、
               2011 年 11 月 16 日第 2019(2011)、2012 年 11 月 14 日第 2074(2012)、2013 年 11
               月 12 日第 2123(2013)、2014 年 11 月 11 日第 2183(2014)、2015 年 11 月 10 日第
               2247(2015)、2016 年 11 月 8 日第 2315(2016)和 2017 年 11 月 7 日第 2384(2017)号
               决议，

                   重申致力于谋求前南斯拉夫境内冲突的政治解决，维护当地所有国家在其国
               际公认边界内的主权和领土完整，

                   着重指出安理会承诺支持执行《波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那和平总框架协定》及
               其各项附件(统称为《和平协定》
                             ，S/1995/999，附件)以及和平执行理事会(和执会)
               的相关决定，

                   注意到高级代表的各次报告，包括 2018 年 10 月 17 日的最新报告，

                   鼓励波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那当局在国际社会支持下加紧努力解决多余弹药
               的处置问题，

                   强调安理会感谢多国稳定部队(欧盟部队木槿花行动)指挥官和人员以及在波
               斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的其他国际组织和机构人员为执行《和平协定》作出贡献，

                   回顾《和平协定》附件 1-A 附录 B 所述的所有部队地位协定，提醒各方有义
               务继续遵守这些协定，

18-18709 (C)
*1818709*

S/RES/2443 (2018)


                    还回顾安理会第 1551(2004)号决议关于暂时适用《和平协定》附件 1-A 附录
               B 所载各项部队地位协定的规定，

                    欢迎欧盟部队木槿花行动继续驻留，欢迎欧盟愿意在现阶段继续发挥执行性
               军事作用，支持波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那当局维持安全和安定环境，欢迎其决定重新
               将行动重点放在核心任务上，定期审查该行动，包括根据实地情况进行审查，

                    再次促请波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那主管当局采取必要步骤完成“5+2”议程，
               正如和执会指导委员会公报所确认，这仍是关闭高级代表办事处的必要条件，

                    重申安理会以往各项决议中有关高级代表的规定，还重申《和平协定》附件
               10 中关于高级代表在行动区对《协定》的民事执行拥有最后解释权的第五条，

                    认识到波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那过渡成为运作正常、着眼于改革的欧洲现代化
               民主国家的重要性，

                    表示注意到《和平协定》以及波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那领导人致力于融入欧洲，
               包括波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那于 2016 年 2 月提交加入欧盟的申请并持续致力于通
               过欧盟事务协调机制答复欧盟委员会的意见问卷，鼓励答复后续问题，回顾亟需
               在实地将这方面努力转化为全面的改革成果，

                    关切地注意到波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那仍存在造成对立的非建设性政策、行动
               和言论，再次呼吁政治领导人推动和解与相互理解，

                    高兴地注意到改革议程的初步执行使该国开始调整经济结构，但同时注意到
               改革议程的执行速度有所放缓，特别指出亟需以包容方式加紧实施全面改革，造
               福全体公民，

                    强调波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那需要加大力度促进司法系统的运作和独立，打击
               腐败和有组织犯罪，打击恐怖主义并防止激进化，

                    敦促所有有关各方以建设性方式努力落实选举结果，强调必须为了全体公民
               的利益在所有各级迅速组建政府，

                    特别指出亟需处理尚未落实的欧安组织民主制度和人权办公室旨在改善选
               举框架的建议以及波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那宪法法院及欧洲人权法院的相关裁决，
               强调应本着协商一致和对话的精神进行选举改革，而且应推动该国达到现代民主
               标准，
                 遗憾地注意到未能在 2018 年 10 月 7 日选举之前对选举法进行必要的修正，

                    鼓励各方以包容方式执行《波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那妇女、和平与安全国家行
               动计划》，并期待该计划的延续，

                    表示注意到计划在 2019 年初进行战略审查，

                    确认安全局势保持平静和稳定，注意到波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那当局迄今已证
               明它有能力应对安全和安定环境方面的威胁，

                    认定该区域局势继续对国际和平与安全构成威胁，


2/3                                                              18-18709

                                                      S/RES/2443 (2018)


             根据《联合国宪章》第七章采取行动，
             1. 重申波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那各级当局负有进一步成功执行《和平协定》
           的首要责任，注意到国际社会和主要捐助方继续愿意支持它们执行《和平协定》，
           促请波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那各级当局与刑事法庭余留事项国际处理机制充分合作；
              2. 欢迎欧盟准备自 2018 年 11 月起在波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那维持其军事行
           动(欧盟部队木槿花行动)；
             3. 授权会员国通过欧盟采取行动或与欧盟合作采取行动，续设一支多国稳
           定部队(欧盟部队木槿花行动)，自本决议通过之日起为期 12 个月，作为稳定部队
           的合法继承者，接受统一指挥和控制，且欧盟部队木槿花行动将与北约所设总部
           合作，根据 2004 年 11 月 19 日北约和欧盟致安全理事会函件中所述北约与欧盟
           之间商定的安排，履行《和平协定》附件 1-A 和附件 2 的执行方面的任务，上述
           函件确认，根据《和平协定》军事方面的规定，欧盟部队木槿花行动将发挥稳定
           和平的主要作用；
             4. 决定将安理会第 2183(2014)号决议第 11 段规定的授权自本决议通过之
           日起再延续 12 个月；
             5. 授权根据上文第 3 和 4 段行事的会员国采取一切必要措施，使《和平协
           定》附件 1-A 和 2 得以执行并确保它们得到遵守，着重指出将使各方继续对遵守
           上述附件承担同等责任，同等接受欧盟部队木槿花行动和北约派驻人员为确保上
           述附件得以执行和为保护欧盟部队木槿花行动和北约派驻人员而可能需要采取
           的强制执行行动；
             6. 授权会员国应欧盟部队木槿花行动或北约总部的请求，采取一切必要措
           施保卫欧盟部队木槿花行动或北约派驻人员，并协助两组织执行任务，确认欧盟
           部队木槿花行动和北约派驻人员均有权采取一切必要的自卫措施，以防遭受攻击
           或攻击威胁；
             7. 授权根据上文第 3 和 4 段采取行动的会员国按照《和平协定》附件 1-A
           采取一切必要措施，确保为指挥和控制波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那领空一切民用和军
           用空中交通而制定的规则和程序得到遵守；
             8. 敦促各方以包容方式并按照该国致力于实现的融入欧洲前景，建设性地
           参与迅速组建各级政府并优先实施全面改革，造福所有公民，为此还促请各方避
           免任何会造成对立的非建设性政策、行动和言论；
              9. 敦促各方根据《和平协定》遵守各自的承诺，按《和平协定》、包括附件
           4 所述，与所有参加落实这一和平解决方案的机构充分合作；
             10. 重申《和平协定》规定波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那由两个实体组成，这两个
           实体按《波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那宪法》合法存在，还重申对《宪法》的任何修改
           都必须按照《宪法》规定的修正程序进行；
             11. 决定继续处理此案。




18-18709                                                            3/3

النص العربي (official Arabic version): ‫)‪S/RES/2443 (2018‬‬                                                                                                  ‫األمــم املتحـدة‬
‫‪Distr.: General‬‬
‫‪6 November 2018‬‬                                                                                      ‫مجلس األمن‬



                                                                                                ‫القرار ‪)2018( 2443‬‬
             ‫الذي اتخذه مجلس األمن في جلسته ‪ ،8392‬المعقودة في ‪ 6‬تشرين الثاني‪/‬‬
                                                                ‫نوفمبر ‪2018‬‬
                                                                                                       ‫إن مجلس األمن‪،‬‬
             ‫إذ يشير إىل مجيع قراراته السابقة ذات الصلة اليت تتعلق بالن ـ ـ ـ ا ات يف يوغوسالفيا السابقة وإىل‬
             ‫البيانات الصــاةرة ر رسيســه يف الا ال ـ يف لا يف ذلا القرارات ‪ )1995( 1031‬امل ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ر ‪ 15‬كانويف‬
             ‫األول‪/‬ةيس ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ‪ 1995‬و ‪ )1996( 1088‬امل ر ‪ 12‬ك ــانويف األول‪/‬ةيس ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ‪ 1996‬و ‪1423‬‬
             ‫(‪ )2002‬امل ر ‪ 12‬متوز‪/‬يولي ــه ‪ 2002‬و ‪ )2003( 1491‬امل ر ‪ 11‬متوز‪/‬يولي ــه ‪ 2003‬و ‪1551‬‬
             ‫(‪ )2004‬امل ر ‪ 9‬متوز‪/‬يولي ــه ‪ 2004‬و ‪ )2004( 1575‬امل ر ‪ 22‬ت ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـرير ال ــا ‪/‬نوف ‪2004‬‬
             ‫و ‪ )2005( 1639‬امل ر ‪ 21‬ت ري ـ ـ ـ ـ ــر ال انـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ‪/‬نوف ‪ 2005‬و ‪ )2006( 1722‬امل ر ‪ 21‬ت رير‬
               ‫ال ــا ‪/‬نوف ‪ 2006‬و ‪ )2007( 1764‬امل ر ‪ 29‬ح يرايف‪/‬يونيــه ‪ 2007‬و ‪ )2007( 1785‬امل ر‬
             ‫‪ 21‬ت ـرير ال ا ‪/‬نوف ‪ 2007‬و ‪ )2008( 1845‬امل ر ‪ 20‬ت ـرير ال ا ‪/‬نوف ‪ 2008‬و ‪1869‬‬
             ‫(‪ )2009‬امل ر ‪ 25‬آذار‪/‬مارس ‪ 2009‬و ‪ )2009( 1895‬امل ر ‪ 18‬ت ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـرير ال ا ‪/‬نوف ‪2009‬‬
             ‫و ‪ )2010( 1948‬امل ر ‪ 18‬ت ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـرير ال ا ‪/‬نوف ‪ 2010‬و ‪ )2011( 2019‬امل ر ‪ 16‬ت ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـرير‬
             ‫ال ا ‪/‬نوف ‪ 2011‬و ‪ )2012( 2074‬امل ر ‪ 14‬ت ـ ـ ـ ـرير ال ا ‪/‬نوف ‪ 2012‬و ‪)2013( 2123‬‬
             ‫امل ر ‪ 12‬ت ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـرير ال ا ‪/‬نوف ‪ 2013‬و ‪ )2014( 2183‬امل ر ‪ 11‬ت ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـرير ال ا ‪/‬نوف ‪2014‬‬
             ‫و ‪ )2015( 2247‬امل ر ‪ 10‬ت رير ال ا ‪/‬نوف ‪ 2015‬و ‪ )2016( 2315‬امل ر ‪ 8‬ت رير ال ا ‪/‬‬
                                                   ‫نوف ‪ 2016‬و ‪ )2017( 2384‬امل ر ‪ 7‬ت رير ال ا ‪/‬نوف ‪2017‬‬
             ‫وإذ يعيد تأكيد الت امه بالتسوية السياسية للن ـ ـ ا ات يف يوغوسالفيا السابقة حفاظا لى سياةة‬
                                          ‫مجيع الدول اناك وسالمتها اإلقلي ية ض ر حدوةاا املعرتف هبا ةوليا‬
             ‫وإذ يشدد لى الت امه بد م تنفيل االتفاق اإلطاري العام للسـالم يف البوسـنة واسرسـا ومرفقاته‬
             ‫(امل ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــار إليها ست عة باتفاق السـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــالم ‪ S/1995/999‬املرفق) وكللا مقررات سلس تنفيل السـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــالم‬
                                                                                                                   ‫ذات الصلة‬




                                                                                                                                            ‫)‪18-18709 (A‬‬
                                                                                                                          ‫*‪*1818709‬‬

                                                                                                                                 ‫)‪S/RES/2443 (2018‬‬


           ‫وإذ يحيط علما بتقارير امل ل الس ـ ـ ـ ـ ــام لا يف ذلا تقريره األخري امل ر ‪ 17‬ت ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـرير األول‪/‬‬
                                                                                                           ‫أكتوبر ‪2018‬‬
           ‫وإذ يش ج ججج سـ ـ ــل ات البوسـ ـ ــنة واسرسـ ـ ــا لى القيام بد م مر اجملت ع الدويل بتس ـ ـ ـريع وترية‬
                                                       ‫جهوةاا الرامية إىل معاجلة مسـ لة التخلص مر فاسض اللخرية‬
           ‫وإذ يؤكد تقديره لقاسد قوة حتقيق االس ـ ــتقرار املتعدةة اجلنس ـ ــيات ( لية أل يا التابعة لقوة االحتاة‬
           ‫األورويب) وأفراةاا وملوظف املنظ ات والوكاالت الدولية األخرى يف البوسنة واسرسا إلسهاماهتم يف تنفيل‬
                                                                                                              ‫اتفاق السالم‬
           ‫وإذ يش ج ج ج ج ججير إىل مجيع االتفــاقــات املتعلقــة لرك القوات امل ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـار إليهــا يف التــلييــل بــا لل رفق‬
                      ‫‪ - 1‬ألف مر اتفاق الســالم وإذ يل ّكــر األط ـراف بالتـ امهــا لواصلــة االمت ال لتلا االتفاقات‬
            ‫وإذ يش ج ج ج ج ججير كذلك إىل أحكام قراره ‪ )2004( 1551‬املتعلقة بالت بيق امل قت التفاقات مرك‬
                                                  ‫القوات الوارةة يف التلييل با لل رفق ‪ - 1‬ألف مر اتفاق السالم‬
           ‫وإذ يرحب باسـ ـ ـ ــت رار وجوة لية أل يا التابعة لقوة االحتاة األورويب واسـ ـ ـ ــتعداة االحتاة األورويب‬
           ‫أليف يواصـ ـ ــل يف اله املرحلة االض ـ ـ ـ الن بدور سـ ـ ــكري تنفيلي لد م سـ ـ ــل ات البوسـ ـ ــنة واسرسـ ـ ــا يف‬
           ‫جهوةاا الرامية إىل احلفاظ لى بيئة آمنة وم مونة وبقراراا إ اةة تركي ليتها لى واليتها األس ـ ـ ــاس ـ ـ ــية‬
                                                     ‫وإبقا اا قيد االستعراض املنتظم بنا لى أسس منها احلالة يف امليدايف‬
           ‫وإذ يكرر ة واته إىل الس ــل ات املختص ــة يف البوس ــنة واسرس ــا أيف تتخل التدابري الالزمة إلجناز‬
             ‫خ ة ‪ 2+5‬اليت ال ت ال ضـ ـ ـ ـ ــرورية إلغالق مكتا امل ل السـ ـ ـ ـ ــام لى هو ما أكده اجمللس التوجيه‬
                                                                                           ‫جمللس تنفيل السالم يف بياناته‬
            ‫وإذ يؤكد م ج ججن جديد األحكام املتعلق ـ ـ ــة بامل ل السام ـ ـ لى النح ــو اا ـ ــدة يف قراراته السابقة‬
           ‫وإذ يؤكد من جديد كذلك املاةة اخلامس ـ ـ ـ ـ ــة مر املرفق ‪ 10‬مر اتفاق الس ـ ـ ـ ـ ــالم اليت جا فيها أيف امل ل‬
            ‫السام او صاحا الكل ة الفصل يف امليدايف في ا يتعلق بتفسري تنفيل اجلانا املد مر اتفاق السالم‬
           ‫وإذ يس ججل ب مهية انتقال البوسـ ــنة واسرسـ ــا إىل مرحلة تصـ ــبأ فيها بلدا أوروبيا حدي ا وة قراطيا‬
                                                                       ‫قاةرا لى أةا وظاسفه وينحو منحى اإلصالح‬
           ‫وإذ يحيط علما باتفاق الس ـ ـ ـ ــالم وبالت ام قياةة البوس ـ ـ ـ ــنة واسرس ـ ـ ـ ــا باألخل لنظور أورويب مر‬
           ‫خالل أمور ت ـ ل تقدال البوســنة واسرســا يف رــبا ‪/‬ف اير ‪ 2016‬ل لا االنض ـ ام إىل ضــوية االحتاة‬
           ‫األورويب والع لل املضـ ـ ـ ـ ـ لع به للرة لى اسـ ـ ـ ـ ـتبيايف الرأي اخلاص لفوض ـ ـ ـ ــية االحتاة األورويب مر خالل آلية‬
           ‫تنســيق املســاسل املتعلقة باالحتاة األورويب وي ـ ع لى اإلجابة لى أســئلة املتابعة وإذ ي ــري إىل أيف الا‬
                                   ‫االلت ام ينبغ جتسيده لى وجه السر ة يف نتاسج إصالح رامل لى أرض الواقع‬
           ‫وإذ يالحظ مع القلق اس ـ ـ ــت رار الس ـ ـ ــياس ـ ـ ــات واإلجرا ات واخل ابات غري البنا ة اليت ت ةي إىل‬
                ‫االستق اب يف البوسنة واسرسا وإذ يكرر ة وته القاةة السياسيني إىل النهوض باملصاحلة والتفاام‬
           ‫وإذ يالحظ ب ـ ــكل إنايب أيف التنفيل األويل ل نامج اإلصـ ــالح رـ ــكل اخل وات األوىل للتكيف‬
           ‫اسيكل القتصـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــاة البلد وإذ يالحظ مع ذلا أيف وترية تنفيل الا ال نامج تباط ت وإذ يش ج ج ج ج ججدد لى‬

‫‪18-18709‬‬                                                                                                                                       ‫‪2/4‬‬

‫)‪S/RES/2443 (2018‬‬


               ‫احلاجة امللحة إىل اإلس ـران بتنفيل اإلص ــالحات ال ــاملة لى هو ر ــامل لل يع لا يعوة بالفاسدة لى‬
                                                                                                   ‫كل املواطنني‬
                ‫وإذ يؤكد لى ضــرورة تك يف البوســنة واسرســا جلهوةاا في ا يتعلق بع ل القضــا واســتقالله‬
                                                   ‫ومكافحة الفساة واجلر ة املنظ ة ومكافحة اإلرااب ومنع الت رف‬
                ‫وإذ يحج مجيع األطراف املعنيــة لى الع ــل ب ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـكــل بنــا لى إ ــال نتــاسج االنتخــابــات‬
                 ‫وإذ يشدد لى أمهية اإلسران بت كيل احلكومة لى مجيع املستويات ملا فيه مصلحة مجيع املواطنني‬
               ‫وإذ يشدد لى احلاجة امللحة إىل معاجلة التوصيات اليت مل تنفل بعد مر توصيات منظ ة األمر‬
               ‫والتعاويف يف أوروبا ومكتا امل س ـس ــات الد قراطية وحقوق اإلنس ــايف بتحس ــني اإلطار االنتخايب واألحكام‬
               ‫ذات الصلة الصاةرة ر ااك ة الدستورية للبوسنة واسرسا وااك ة األوروبية حلقوق اإلنسايف وإذ يؤكد‬
               ‫لى وجوب اإلقب ـ ــال لى اإلصـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــالح ـ ــات االنتخ ـ ــابي ـ ــة بروح التوافق واحلوار ووجوب أيف ت ةي ا ـ ــله‬
                ‫اإلص ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــالحات إىل نقل البلد ص ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــوب املعايري الد قراطية احلدي ة وإذ يالحظ مع األس ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــف دم إجرا‬
                                    ‫التعديالت الضرورية يف القانويف االنتخايب قبل انتخابات ‪ 7‬ت رير األول‪/‬أكتوبر ‪2018‬‬
               ‫وإذ يشج ججج األطراف لى تنفيل خ ة الع ل الوطنية ب ـ ـ ـ يف املرأة والس ـ ــالم واألمر يف البوس ـ ــنة‬
                                                                         ‫واسرسا لى هو رامل لل يع وإذ يتطل إىل مواصلتها‬
                             ‫اللي يعت م إجرا ه يف م لع ام ‪2019‬‬                            ‫وإذ يحيط علما باالستعراض االسرتاتي‬
               ‫وإذ يسل ب يف احلالة األمنية ما زال يسوةاا اسدو واالستقرار وإذ يالحظ أيف سل ات البوسنة‬
                      ‫واسرسا أثبتت حىت اآليف أهنا قاةرة لى التصدي لألخ ار اليت هتدة العيش يف بيئة آمنة وم مونة‬
                                 ‫وإذ يقرر أيف احلالة يف املن قة ما زالت ت كل خ را يهدة السالم واألمر الدوليني‬
                                                             ‫وإذ يتصرف لوجا الفصل السابع مر مي اق األمم املتحدة‬
               ‫‪ - 1‬يؤكد مج ج ججن جديد أيف املس ولية الرسيسية ر مواصلة التنفيل الناجأ التفاق السالم تقع‬
               ‫لى اتق مجيع الس ـ ـ ــل ات يف البوس ـ ـ ــنة واسرس ـ ـ ــا نفس ـ ـ ــها ويالحظ اس ـ ـ ــت رار اس ـ ـ ــتعداة اجملت ع الدويل‬
               ‫واجلهـات املـاهـة الرسيس ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـيـة لتقـدا الـد م إليهـا يف تنفيـل اتفـاق السـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــالم ويـد و كـافـة السـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــل ـات يف‬
                 ‫البوسنة واسرسا إىل التعاويف الكامل مع اآللية الدولية لتصريف األ ال املتبقية لل حك تني اجلناسيتني؛‬
               ‫‪ - 2‬يرحب باس ـ ـ ـ ــتعداة االحتاة األورويب لإلبقا لى لية س ـ ـ ـ ــكرية تابعة له ( لية أل يا‬
                              ‫التابعة لقوة االحتاة األورويب) يف البوسنة واسرسا ا تبارا مر ت رير ال ا ‪/‬نوف ‪2018‬؛‬
                ‫‪ - 3‬يأذن للدول األ ضــا اليت تتصــرف مر خالل االحتاة األورويب أو بالتعاويف معه بءن ــا‬
               ‫قوة حتقيق اس ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــتقرار متعدةة اجلنس ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــيات ( لية أل يا التابعة لقوة االحتاة األورويب) لفرتة إض ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــافية مدهتا‬
               ‫اثنا ر رهرا ا تبارا مر تاريخ اختاذ الا القرار بوصفها خلفا قانونيا لقوة حتقـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــيق االستـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــقرار ختضـ ـ ــع‬
               ‫لقياةة وإر ـ ـ ـ ـ ـراف موحدير وت ةي مهامها املتصـ ـ ـ ـ ــلة بتنفيل املرفق ‪ - 1‬ألف واملرفق ‪ 2‬مر اتفاق السـ ـ ـ ـ ــالم‬
               ‫بالتعاويف مع الوجوة التابع ملقر قياةة منظ ة حلف مشال األطلس ـ وفقا للرتتيبات املتفق ليها بني املنظ ة‬
                      ‫واالحتاة األورويب لى هو ما أبلغا به سلس األمر يف رسـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــالتيه ا امل رختني ‪ 19‬ت ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـرير ال ا ‪/‬نوف‬
               ‫‪ 2004‬اللتني يقرايف فيه ا ب يف لية أل يا التابعة لقوة االحتاة األورويب سـ ـ ـ ــتض ـ ـ ـ ـ لع بالدور الرسيس ـ ـ ـ ـ يف‬
                                                                                  ‫ت بيت السالم يف إطار اجلوانا العسكرية مر اتفاق السالم؛‬
‫‪3/4‬‬                                                                                                                                                           ‫‪18-18709‬‬

                                                                                                                                       ‫)‪S/RES/2443 (2018‬‬


           ‫‪ - 4‬يقرر جتــديــد اإلذيف املنصـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــوص ليــه يف الفقرة ‪ 11‬مر قراره ‪ )2014( 2183‬لفرتة‬
                                                       ‫ر رهرا أخرى تبدأ مر تاريخ اختاذ الا القرار؛‬                                   ‫اثين‬
           ‫‪ - 5‬يأذن للدول األ ض ــا اليت تتص ــرف لوجا الفقرتني ‪ 3‬و ‪ 4‬أ اله باختاذ مجيع التدابري‬
           ‫الالزمة لتنفيل املرفقني ‪ - 1‬ألف و ‪ 2‬مر اتفاق الس ـ ـ ــالم وكفالة االمت ال س ا وي كد وجوب أيف تس ـ ـ ــت ر‬
           ‫األطراف يف حت ل املس ـ ولية لى قدم املســاواة ر االمت ال ألحكام ذلا املرفق وأيف ختضــع بالتســاوي‬
           ‫إلجرا ات اإلنفاذ اليت قد ترااا لية أل يا التابعة لقوة االحتاة األورويب والوجوة التابع ملنظ ة حلف مشال‬
                       ‫األطلس ضرورية مر أجل كفالة تنفيل أحكام الير املرفقني ومحاية تلا الع لية وذلا الوجوة؛‬
           ‫‪ - 6‬يج ج ججأذن للدول األ ضا ب ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ يف تتخل مجيع التدابري الالزمة بنا لى طلا لية أل يا‬
           ‫التــابعــة لقوة االحتــاة األورويب أو مقر قيــاةة منظ ــة حلف مشــال األطلس ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ للــدفــان ر تلــا الع ليــة‬
           ‫أو الوجوة التابع لل نظ ة امللكورة لى التوايل وب يف تس ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــا د كلتا املنظ تني يف أةا مهامه ا ويقر حبق‬
           ‫كل مر لية أل يا التابعة لقوة االحتاة األورويب والوجوة التابع ملنظ ة حلف مشال األطلس ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ يف اختاذ‬
                      ‫مجيع التدابري الالزمة للدفان ر النفس يف حالة تعرض أي منه ا ال تدا أو هتديد باال تدا ؛‬
           ‫‪ - 7‬ي ج ج ج ج ج ج ج ججأذن للدول األ ض ـ ـ ــا اليت تتص ـ ـ ــرف لوجا الفقرتني ‪ 3‬و ‪ 4‬أ اله وفقا لل رفق‬
           ‫‪ - 1‬ألف مر اتفاق السـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــالم ب يف تتخل مجيع التدابري الالزمة لكفالة االمت ال للقوا د واإلجرا ات اليت‬
           ‫تنظم السـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــي رة لى اجملال اجلوي للبوسـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــنة واسرسـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــا ومراقبته وذلا في ا يتعلق باحلركة اجلوية املدنية‬
                                                                                                        ‫والعسكرية جب يع أركاسا؛‬
           ‫‪ - 8‬يح األطراف لى الع ل ب ـ ـ ــكل بنا لى اإلسـ ـ ـ ـران بت ـ ـ ــكيل احلكومة لى مجيع‬
           ‫املس ــتويات و لى إيال األولوية لتنفيل اإلص ــالحات ال ــاملة لى هو ر ــامل لل يع لا يعوة بالفاسدة‬
           ‫لى كل املواطنني ولا يت ار ـ ـ ــى مع املنظور األورويب اللي يلت م البلد به ويف الا الص ـ ـ ــدة يدعو كذلك‬
                    ‫األطراف إىل اإلح ام ر أي سياسات وإجرا ات وخ ابات غري بنا ة ت ةي إىل االستق اب؛‬
           ‫‪ - 9‬يح األطراف لى أيف تتقيد وفقا التفاق السـ ـ ـ ــالم بالت امها بالتعاويف التام مع مجيع‬
           ‫امل سـ ـ ـس ـ ــات امل ـ ــاركة يف تنفيل اله التس ـ ــوية الس ـ ــل ية لى النحو املبني يف اتفاق الس ـ ــالم لا يف ذلا‬
                                                                                                                ‫املرفق ‪4‬؛‬
            ‫‪ - 10‬يؤكد من جديد أيف البوسـ ـ ـ ـ ــنة واسرسـ ـ ـ ـ ــا تت لف لوجا اتفاق السـ ـ ـ ـ ــالم مر كيانني‬
           ‫يسـت دايف رـر ية وجوةمها قانونا مر أحكام ةسـتور البوسـنة واسرسـا وي كد مر جديد كللا أيف إةخال‬
                                       ‫أي تغيري لى الدستور نا أيف يتم وفقا إلجرا ات التعديل املنصوص ليها فيه؛‬
                                                                                ‫‪ - 11‬يقرر إبقا املس لة قيد نظره‪.‬‬




‫‪18-18709‬‬                                                                                                                                             ‫‪4/4‬‬

Draft resolution (S/2018/989):
United Nations                                                                           S/2018/989
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               6 November 2018
                                                                               Original: English




               United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland:
               draft resolution

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling all its previous relevant resolutions concerning the conflicts in the
               Former Yugoslavia and relevant statements of its President, including resolutions
               1031 (1995) of 15 December 1995, 1088 (1996) of 12 December 1996, 1423 (2002)
               of 12 July 2002, 1491 (2003) of 11 July 2003, 1551 (2004) of 9 July 2004, 1575
               (2004) of 22 November 2004, 1639 (2005) of 21 November 2005, 1722 (2006) of
               21 November 2006, 1764 (2007) of 29 June 2007, 1785 (2007) of 21 November 2007,
               1845 (2008) of 20 November 2008, 1869 (2009) of 25 March 2009, 1895 (2009) of
               18 November 2009, 1948 (2010) of 18 November 2010, 2019 (2011) of 16 November
               2011, 2074 (2012) of 14 November 2012, 2123 (2013) of 12 November 2013, 2183
               (2014) of 11 November 2014, 2247 (2015) of 10 November 2015, 2315 (2016) of
               8 November 2016, and 2384 (2017) of 7 November 2017,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to the political settlement of the conflicts in the
               Former Yugoslavia, preserving the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all States
               there within their internationally recognized borders,
                     Underlining its commitment to support the implementation of the General
               Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the annexes thereto
               (collectively the Peace Agreement, S/1995/999, Annex), as well as the relevant
               decisions of the Peace Implementation Council (PIC),
                    Noting the reports of the High Representative, including his latest report of
               17 October 2018,
                     Encouraging the authorities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with the support of the
               international community, to accelerate their efforts to address the disposal of excess
               ammunition,
                     Emphasizing its appreciation to the Commander and personnel of the
               multinational stabilization force (EUFOR ALTHEA) and the personnel of other
               international organizations and agencies in Bosnia and Herzegovina for their
               contributions to the implementation of the Peace Agreement,
                    Recalling all the agreements concerning the status of forces referred to in
               Appendix B to Annex 1-A of the Peace Agreement, and reminding the parties of their
               obligation to continue to comply therewith,




18-18707 (E)     071118
*1818707*

S/2018/989

                  Further recalling the provisions of its resolution 1551 (2004) concerning the
             provisional application of the status of forces agreeme nts contained in Appendix B to
             Annex 1-A of the Peace Agreement,
                   Welcoming the continued presence of EUFOR ALTHEA and the EU’s readiness
             to continue at this stage an executive military role to support Bosnia and Herzegovina
             authorities to maintain the safe and secure environment, its decision to refocus the
             operation on its core mandate and to keep the operation under regular review,
             including on the basis of the situation on the ground,
                   Reiterating its calls on the competent authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina to
             take necessary steps to complete the 5+2 agenda, which remains necessary for closure
             of the Office of the High Representative, as confirmed by the PIC Steering Board
             communiqués,
                   Reaffirming provisions concerning the High Representative as set out in its
             previous resolutions, and further reaffirming Article V of Annex 10 of the Peace
             Agreement regarding the High Representative’s final authority in theatre in the
             interpretation of the civilian implementation of the Agreement,
                   Recognizing the importance of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s transition to a
             functional, reform oriented, modern and democratic European country,
                   Taking note of the Peace Agreement and of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s
             leadership’s commitment towards a European perspective, includ ing through the
             submission of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s EU membership application in February
             2016 and through the ongoing work to answer the EU Commission ’s Opinion
             questionnaire through the coordination mechanism on EU matters, and encouraging
             response to the follow up questions, and recalling that this commitment needs to be
             translated urgently into comprehensive reform results on the ground,
                  Noting with concern continued polarizing unconstructive policies, actions and
             rhetoric in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and reiterating its calls to political leaders to
             advance reconciliation and mutual understanding,
                  Noting positively that the initial implementation of the Reform Agenda, has
             provided the first steps of structural adjustment to the economy of the country, while
             however, noting that the pace of implementation of the Reform Agenda has slowed
             and underscoring the urgency to step up the implementation of comprehensive
             reforms, in an inclusive manner, to the benefit of all citizens,
                   Emphasizing the need for Bosnia and Herzegovina to step up efforts regarding
             the functioning and independence of the judiciary, the fight against corruption and
             organized crime and the fight against terrorism and prevention of radicalization,
                   Urging all concerned parties to work constructively for the implementation of
             the results of the election and emphasizing the importance of a swift government
             formation at all levels, in the interest of all citizens,
                   Underscoring the urgency to address outstanding OSCE-ODIHR
             recommendations to improve the electoral framework and related rulings of the
             Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the European Court of Human
             Rights and emphasizing electoral reforms should be approached in a spirit of
             consensus and dialogue and should move the country towards modern democratic
             standards, and notes with regret the failure to make necessary amendments to the
             election law prior to the elections of 7 October 2018,
                  Encouraging the parties to implement Bosnia and Herzegovina’s National
             Action Plan on Women Peace and Security in an inclusive manner and looking
             forward to its continuation,


2/4                                                                                                   18-18707

                                                                                                    S/2018/989

                Taking note of the planned strategic review in early 2019,
                 Recognizing that the security environment has remained calm and stable, and
           noting that the Bosnia and Herzegovina authorities have so far proven capable to deal
           with threats to the safe and secure environment,
                 Determining that the situation in the region continues to constitute a threat to
           international peace and security,
                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
                 1.   Reiterates that the primary responsibility for the further successful
           implementation of the Peace Agreement lies with all the authorities in Bosnia and
           Herzegovina themselves and notes the continued willingness of the international
           community and major donors to support them in implementing the Peace Agreement,
           and calls upon all the authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina to fully cooperate with
           the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals;
               2.  Welcomes the EU’s readiness to maintain an EU military operation
           (EUFOR ALTHEA) in Bosnia and Herzegovina from November 2018;
                 3.   Authorizes the Member States acting through or in cooperation with the
           EU to establish for a further period of twelve months, starting from the date of the
           adoption of this resolution, a multinational stabilization force (EUFOR ALTHEA) as
           a legal successor to SFOR under unified command and control, which will fulfil its
           missions in relation to the implementation of Annex 1-A and Annex 2 of the Peace
           Agreement in cooperation with the NATO Headquarters presence in accordance with
           the arrangements agreed between NATO and the EU as communicated to the Security
           Council in their letters of 19 November 2004, which recognize that EUFOR ALTHEA
           will have the main peace stabilization role under the military aspects of the Peace
           Agreement;
                 4.   Decides to renew the authorization provided by paragraph 11 of its
           resolution 2183 (2014) for a further period of twelve months starting from the date of
           adoption of this resolution;
                 5.    Authorizes the Member States acting under paragraph 3 and 4 above to
           take all necessary measures to effect the implementation of and to ensure compliance
           with annexes 1-A and 2 of the Peace Agreement, stresses that the parties shall
           continue to be held equally responsible for the compliance with that annex and shall
           be equally subject to such enforcement action by EUFOR ALTHEA and the NATO
           presence as may be necessary to ensure implementation of those annexes and the
           protection of EUFOR ALTHEA and the NATO presence;
                 6.   Authorizes Member States to take all necessary measures, at the request of
           either EUFOR ALTHEA or the NATO Headquarters, in defence of the EUFOR
           ALTHEA or NATO presence respectively, and to assist both organizations in carrying
           out their missions, and recognizes the right of both EUFOR ALTHEA and the NATO
           presence to take all necessary measures to defend themselves from attack or threat of
           attack;
                 7.   Authorizes the Member States acting under paragraph 3 and 4 above, in
           accordance with annex 1-A of the Peace Agreement, to take all necessary measures
           to ensure compliance with the rules and procedures governing command and control
           of airspace over Bosnia and Herzegovina with respect to all civilian and military air
           traffic;
                 8.    Urges the parties to engage constructively on swift government formation
           at all levels and to prioritise the implementation of comprehensive reforms, in an
           inclusive manner, to the benefit of all citizens and in line with the European

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S/2018/989

             perspective the country is committed to, and, in this regard, further calls on them to
             refrain from any polarizing unconstructive policy, action and rhetoric;
                  9.    Urges the parties, in accordance with the Peace Agreement, to abide to
             their commitment to cooperate fully with all institutions involved in the
             implementation of this peace settlement, as described in the Peace Agreement,
             including Annex 4;
                   10. Reaffirms that under the Peace Agreement, Bosnia and Herzegovina
             consists of two entities, which exist legally by virtue of the Bosnia and Herzegovina
             Constitution, and further reaffirms that any change to the Constitution must be made
             in accordance with the amendment procedure prescribed therein;
                  11.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.




4/4                                                                                                   18-18707

Meeting record:
United Nations                                                                                                  S/PV.8392
                 Security Council                                                                                                Provisional
                 Seventy-third year


                 8392nd meeting
                 Tuesday, 6 November 2018, 10.10 a.m.
                 New York




President:       Mr. Ma Zhaoxu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          (China)


Members:         Bolivia (Plurinational State of). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                  Mrs. Cordova Soria
                 Côte d’Ivoire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        Mr. Ipo
                 Equatorial Guinea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .             Mr. Ndong Mba
                 Ethiopia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      Ms. Guadey
                 France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     Mr. Melki
                 Kazakhstan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .         Mr. Tumysh
                 Kuwait. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      Mr. Alotaibi
                 Netherlands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .         Mr. Van Oosterom
                 Peru. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    Mr. Tenya
                 Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     Ms. Wronecka
                 Russian Federation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            Mr. Nebenzia
                 Sweden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       Mr. Orrenius Skau
                 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland . .                                   Ms. Pierce
                 United States of America. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                Mr. Cohen

Agenda
                 The situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina
                       Letter dated 30 October 2018 from the Secretary-General addressed to the
                       President of the Security Council (S/2018/974)




             .




                 This record contains the text of speeches delivered in English and of the translation of
                 speeches delivered in other languages. The final text will be printed in the Official Records
                 of the Security Council. Corrections should be submitted to the original languages only. They
                 should be incorporated in a copy of the record and sent under the signature of a member
                 of the delegation concerned to the Chief of the Verbatim Reporting Service, room U-0506
                 (verbatimrecords@un.org). Corrected records will be reissued electronically on the Official
                 Document System of the United Nations (http://documents.un.org).


18-36250 (E)
*181836250*

S/PV.8392                            The situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina                                 06/11/2018


    The meeting was called to order at 10.10 a.m.                France and Germany, which once seemed eternal
                                                             adversaries, are now among the main pillars of the
Adoption of the agenda                                       European Union. This is a lesson for the people of the
                                                             Western Balkans that it can be done, lasting peace is
    The agenda was adopted.
                                                             achievable and reconciliation must be possible. The
The situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina                      countries of the Western Balkans should emulate the
                                                             German/French ideas of common history books, youth
    Letter dated 30 October 2018 from the                    exchange programmes, common Government meetings
    Secretary-General addressed to the President             between neighbouring countries and a common
    of the Security Council (S/2018/974)                     television programme, such as the French/German Arte
     The President (spoke in Chinese): In accordance         programme. This could be called Arte Balkans.
with rule 37 of the Council’s provisional rules of               The defining political event of the past six months
procedure, I invite the representatives of Bosnia and        in Bosnia and Herzegovina was the 7 October general
Herzegovina, Croatia and Serbia to participate in            elections. While international observers characterized
this meeting.                                                the poll as genuinely competitive, the preceding months
                                                             saw a worrying escalation in divisive public rhetoric,
    In accordance with rule 39 of the Council’s
                                                             including hate speech and voter intimidation. Moreover,
provisional rules of procedure, I invite His Excellency
                                                             the immediate post-election period has been fraught
Mr. Valentin Inzko, High Representative for Bosnia
                                                             with complaints of election irregularities. Public
and Herzegovina, to participate in this meeting.
                                                             trust in the integrity of the electoral system seems to
     In accordance with rule 39 of the Council’s             be at an all-time low, and restoring this trust through
provisional rules of procedure, I invite His Excellency      meaningful improvements must be addressed by the
Mr. João Vale de Almeida, Head of the Delegation of the      new authorities as an urgent priority.
European Union to the United Nations, to participate in
                                                                  Looking ahead, the announcement of final,
this meeting.
                                                             certified election results is expected today, after which
     The Security Council will now begin its consideration   the period of forming parliaments and Governments
of the item on its agenda.                                   will begin. Overall, the main ethnically defined parties
                                                             seem to have won the most support in the parliaments,
    I wish to draw the attention of Council members
                                                             although in the Federation, certain multi-ethnic parties
to document S/2018/974, which contains the text of
                                                             appear to have improved their results remarkably since
a letter dated 30 October 2018 from the Secretarythe last elections. As no party has a clear majority, it is
General addressed to the President of the Security
                                                             too soon to speculate on which coalitions will ultimately
Council, transmitting the fifty-fourth report of the
                                                             be formed at various levels of authority.
High Representative for Implementation of the Peace
Agreement on Bosnia and Herzegovina.                             While the process of constituting parliaments and
                                                             governments is just beginning, the future members of
    I now give the floor to Mr. Inzko.
                                                             the Bosnia and Herzegovina Presidency are already
    Mr. Inzko: Before I start, I would like to               known: Šefik Džaferović of the Party of Democratic
acknowledge that a number of Central European                Action, Željko Komšić of the Democratic Front,
States — including Poland, the Czech and Slovak              and Milorad Dodik Alliance of Independent Social
Republics and others — are currently celebrating the         Democrats. Mr. Komšić’s defeat of the outgoing Croat
100th anniversary of their modern existence. My own          Presidency Member Dragan Čović has led a number of
country, Austria, will commemorate this date next            officials from the Croat Democratic Union of Bosnia
Monday in a solemn ceremony in the State opera house.        and Herzegovina and from neighbouring Croatia to
Only two days ago, Presidents Macron and Steinmeier          declare the election illegitimate and even illegal or
commemorated the end of the First World War, which,          anti-Dayton, despite the fact that it was carried out
as Council members know, started with shots in               according to the same rules used in every election
Sarajevo in June 1914.                                       since 1995.


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     While some may have the political goal of wishing         the rulings of the European Court of Human Rights
to change the current system, this cannot be used to           in the so called Sejdić and Finci and related cases,
deny the legality of a process conducted in line with          leaving in place severe discrimination against some
the law and the Peace Agreement, nor can it be misused         citizens in exercising their right to stand for public
to justify future boycotts or blockages. The election          office in the Bosnia and Herzegovina Presidency and
of Mr. Dodik as the Serb member of the Bosnia and              House of Peoples. Similarly, a number of cantons in the
Herzegovina Presidency has also raised questions,              Federation still have not met their legal obligation to
given his past numerous statements against the State           harmonize their Constitutions and to ensure the full
of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Additionally, since the             equality of Serbs as a constituent people. This too is
elections, he has made some provocative public                 unacceptable, because in this case we also have a
statements about the Bosnia and Herzegovina flag and           Constitutional Court decision that Serbs are, of course,
the taking of the oath.                                        a constituent people wherever they live.
     Nevertheless, I strongly believe that it is not helpful        In addition to the issue of unimplemented court
or appropriate to judge the new Presidency before they         decisions, Bosnia and Herzegovina is also facing a
have even taken office. They will have significant             problem with deep-rooted public disappointment in the
challenges ahead, and I for one will give them the             criminal justice system’s seeming incapacity to tackle
benefit of the doubt in their ability and willingness to,      corruption and deal with organized crime. For example,
as the oath of office requires,                                in Banja Luka, daily public protests have continued
                                                               over seven months, including a demonstration with
    “to respect the Constitution of Bosnia and
                                                               tens of thousands of citizens in the days before the
    Herzegovina, implement the General Framework
                                                               elections, over what activists allege is a cover-up by the
    Agreement for Peace and its Annexes in their
                                                               authorities in the suspicious death in March of David
    entirety, protect and promote human rights and
                                                               Dragičević. This case of that young student has to be
    fundamental freedoms, and protect the interest and
                                                               solved urgently, and I will report to the Security Council
    equality of all peoples and citizens”.
                                                               again on it. This and a similar cases in Sarajevo have
     Despite the difficult environment, integration with       raised public outrage, and they are unfortunately not
the European Union (EU) has remained a bright spot in          the only such cases. They are symptomatic of the state
the political landscape over the past six months. This         of the rule of law and the profound disappointment of
is one area where leaders with often competing visions         citizens therein.
of the country can find common ground. In this regard,
                                                                   Besides the elections, another defining political
it is noteworthy that following the submission of an
                                                               issue of the past six months has been the dramatic rise
initial 3,300 answers to the European Commission
                                                               in migrant arrivals in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the
questionnaire during the previous reporting period, the
                                                               authorities’ response. We have not had such dramatic
Bosnia and Herzegovina authorities are now working
                                                               numbers in past years as we have seen this year. Given
on answers to some 650 follow-up questions received
                                                               Bosnia and Herzegovina’s complex constitutional
in June.
                                                               structure and internal political tensions, we need to be
    Despite this good news, other developments over            aware that this issue could deteriorate in a number of
the past several months have highlighted serious               ways — as a humanitarian crisis, in the first instance;
deficiencies in the rule of law. As I have said in past        from a security point of view; and in terms of the
briefings, a lack of respect for the final decisions of        political stability of the country.
the judiciary remains a problem. This was seen in
                                                                   Regrettably, the reporting period has continued
the continued failure to implement the Bosnia and
                                                               to see a tendency on all sides for some politicians to
Herzegovina Constitutional Court’s decision in
                                                               deny or relativize war crimes and even to glorify war
the Ljubić case, while local elections in the city of
                                                               criminals. In this respect, keeping in mind the fact
Mostar have not been held since 2008 due to another
                                                               that two international tribunals have confirmed that
unaddressed Constitutional Court decision. Thus, for
                                                               genocide was committed in Srebrenica, I consider
10 years no elections were held in the city of Mostar.
                                                               the repeal by the Government of the Republika
    In this regard, I must call attention to the               Srpska of its earlier 2004 report, which had officially
authorities’ ongoing failure since 2009 to implement           acknowledged the involvement of Republika Srpska


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military and police forces in the July 1995 events, to        submitted by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
be a significant step backwards for reconciliation. As        Northern Ireland.
Council members know, the International Tribunal
                                                                 I now give the floor to those members of the
for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY), which was created
                                                              Council who wish to make statements before the vote.
by the Security Council 25 years ago, in 1993, has
declared that genocide took place at several locations,           Mr. Nebenzia (Russian Federation) (spoke in
and that decision of the ICTY is now being questioned.        Russian): The Russian Federation will vote in favour
This also stands in contrast with neighbouring Serbia,        of the draft resolution (S/2018/989) extending the
whose Parliament adopted an historical declaration            mandate of the European Union-led Operation Althea
condemning the crimes committed in Srebrenica in              for peacebuilding in Bosnia and Herzegovina. That is
2010, a declaration that has remained unchanged and           because the sponsors took into account our principled
in force.                                                     considerations, if only at the very last moment.
     In conclusion, I would like to make a few                     We are exceedingly disappointed with the working
recommendations not only to be taken up by the                methods that the penholders for the draft resolution
incoming Bosnia and Herzegovina authorities, but              chose this year. Instead of taking the logical course of
also to be supported and encouraged by the wider              adopting a technical resolution extending Operation
international community. First, measures need to be           Althea’s mandate, which in itself raises no doubts,
undertaken immediately to strengthen the rule of law.         the sponsors took the dangerous path of introducing a
Secondly, official institutions need to be supported          highly politicized document. And yet our reaction was
and strengthened in their functionality, independence         easy to predict ahead of time. After all, we already had
and stability. Stability is very important to Bosnia          one sad experience in 2014, when the Russian delegation
and Herzegovina and its future. Thirdly, economic             abstained in the voting and for exactly the same
development needs be kick-started. And finally, these         reasons that this time very nearly produced negative
reforms need to be addressed with a sense of urgency          consequences for Althea in its current form. At the time,
in the light of the huge departure of young people from       four years ago, we made it clear to colleagues that it had
Bosnia and Herzegovina, amounting to some 20,000 to           better not happen again (see S/PV.7307). It seemed as if
30,000 a year.                                                it had worked and over the course of the next few years
     Despite the absence of these issues from the             we had a more or less satisfactory document. And yet this
campaign platforms of many of the leading parties, once       year, for some reason, the sponsors decided to introduce
they take power they will not be able to ignore them.         complications into the draft text by imposing their own
Those who declare EU membership as their goal will            foreign-policy approaches and thereby manufacturing
need to find compromises, support the functionality of        a crisis. Happily, common sense prevailed. We have to
the institutions and accelerate the pace of reform. We as     note that in recent years we have seen a trend among
an international community can best support the citizens      some of our Western partners during the process of
of Bosnia and Herzegovina by promoting a vision of            arriving at agreements on United Nations decisions
the country that recognizes that its integration with         in which the culture of negotiation has been seriously
Euro-Atlantic structures will also require its leaders        devalued. That should be rectified immediately.
to work on integrating its people. After the elections,           We want to stress that no Security Council
Bosnia and Herzegovina’s political leaders will have an       document should predetermine the domestic or foreignopportunity for a fresh start for the country, its entities   policy priorities of any State Member of the United
and cantons but, above all, its wonderful citizens.           Nations, and Bosnia and Herzegovina is no exception.
    The President (spoke in Chinese): I thank Mr. Inzko       In the Council’s relevant resolutions and decisions, we
for his briefing.                                             need to do everything possible to avoid wording that
                                                              might be interpreted as supporting the non-consensus-The Council is ready to proceed to the vote on the
                                                              based Euro-Atlantic aspirations of a number of Bosnian
draft resolution before it.
                                                              forces. If the Security Council approved such provisions,
    Members of the Council have before them document          they could undermine the already fragile situation in
S/2018/989, which contains the text of a draft resolution     the country and put pressure on certain ethnic groups.


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    The President (spoke in Chinese): I shall put the      some issues are still unresolved and how they repeat
draft resolution to the vote now.                          themselves. But I also want to point out that the hardwon peace and stability in Bosnia and Herzegovina
    A vote was taken by show of hands.                     are fragile and should not be taken for granted. While
                                                           the current situation remains calm, threats to security
In favour:
                                                           remain, alongside new challenges such as increases in
     Bolivia (Plurinational State of), China, Côte
                                                           migration, as the High Representative mentioned. That
     d’Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, France,
                                                           is a very important issue for the EU and for Europe. It is
     Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Netherlands, Peru, Poland,
                                                           our regional crisis, as it were, and something in which
     Russian Federation, Sweden, United Kingdom of
                                                           the EU has invested a huge amount of time, effort,
     Great Britain and Northern Ireland and United
                                                           money, coaching and patience. We will be hearing later
     States of America
                                                           from the EU Ambassador, who will be able to outline
    The President (spoke in Chinese): The draft            the EU’s position more clearly.
resolution received 15 votes in favour. The draft
                                                               I wanted to briefly address what the Russian
resolution has been adopted unanimously as resolution
                                                           Ambassador said in his statement before the vote. Russia
2443 (2018).
                                                           is a member of the Contact Group and of the Peace
    I now give the floor to the members of the Council.    Implementation Council Steering Board for Bosnia
                                                           and Herzegovina. We would much rather see Russia
    Ms. Pierce (United Kingdom): I thank the High
                                                           trying to do everything it can to consolidate Bosnia and
Representative for his briefing today and for the work
                                                           Herzegovina as a State and to help it modernize and
of his Office in maintaining peace and security in
                                                           make progress towards the Euro-Atlantic institutions
Bosnia and Herzegovina.
                                                           that since the Dayton Peace Agreement was signed
    Bosnia and Herzegovina has long been a very            have been the foundation of its existence as a modern
important and almost totemic issue for the Council, if     State in its region, Europe. I think that would be the
one goes back to the start of the conflict in the early    best service that we could all do for Bosnia.
1990s. The United Kingdom remains committed to
                                                               Turning to the subject of the elections, the United
the continuing role of the High Representative and his
                                                           Kingdom welcomed the calm and orderly conduct of
Office. The Office of the High Representative remains
                                                           the elections, which were generally competitive, but we
the final authority and theatre regarding the civilian
                                                           continue to be concerned about the level of the ethnic
implementation of the General Framework Agreement
                                                           divisions in politics and the reports of irregularities. The
for Peace, and that includes our support for the use of
                                                           inability to resolve key issues of election reform prior
Bonn powers if the situation requires.
                                                           to the elections was disappointing and is a clear and
     We welcome today’s unanimous adoption of              ongoing concern. The divisive and nationalist political
resolution 2443 (2018), which authorizes the European      rhetoric, which was especially loud in the run-up to
Union (EU)-led Operation Althea (EUFOR Althea) for         the elections, is dangerous and creates an environment
a further 12 months. The consensus on the resolution       where real long-term security and stability will be
demonstrates the commitment of the United Kingdom          difficult to achieve.
and the international community to security in Bosnia
                                                                It is also backwards-looking, and what Bosnia
and Herzegovina. The Office of the High Representative
                                                           needs most of all is to move forward. Other countries
and EUFOR Althea are crucial vehicles for enabling the
                                                           in the Balkan regions are moving forward and making
international community to support the maintenance
                                                           progress on their EU accession arrangements. Where
of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s security, stability and
                                                           they wish to, they are making progress with getting
territorial integrity, which are vital to the country’s
                                                           closer to NATO. That benefits regional security and
future as a modern democratic European State.
                                                           stability, and Bosnia and Herzegovina once again
    As I said, there was once a time when the Council      risks being left behind in that regional modernization
dealt with Bosnia every day of its existence. I have had   and progress. In particular, those in positions of
the privilege of working on the Balkans file for more      responsibility should act in the interests of all citizens
than 20 years, on and off. I am somewhat saddened          of Bosnia and Herzegovina rather than spreading
by what the High Representative tells us of how            divisive sentiment.


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    I want to echo what the High Representative said             Mr. Ipo (Côte d’Ivoire) (spoke in French):
about waiting until those leaders have taken office          My delegation thanks Mr. Valentin Inzko, High
before we properly hold them to account. I also want         Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina, for his
to make it clear that we will hold them to account.          comprehensive briefing on the fifty-fourth report on
Political leaders need to show leadership and tolerance      the implementation of the Peace Agreement on Bosnia
and they need to help modernize their country. At a          and Herzegovina (S/2018/974, annex).
crucial time following the elections, political leaders
                                                                 Côte d’Ivoire welcomes the progress made in
must work together in a cooperative manner to form
                                                             Bosnia and Herzegovina in recent years, following
Governments quickly so that progress can be made             the implementation of the Dayton-Paris Accords on
on key reforms, Euro-Atlantic integration and the 5+2        14 December 1995. The Accords, signed under the
agenda. Those reforms are important because they             auspices of the international community, have helped to
will bring improvements to the day-to-day lives of all       restore peace and endow the country with multicultural,
of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s citizens. They are also          multi-religious and multi-ethnic institutions.
important because they help to embed national and
regional security and stability — an issue that, as I said        My country notes with satisfaction the firm
at the beginning of my statement, has long occupied          commitment of the Bosnian authorities to undertake the
the Council.                                                 necessary reforms, particularly in the areas of the rule
                                                             of law and the independence of the judiciary, in order to
     Those in positions of responsibility should act in      complete the cycle of socioeconomic transformation in
the interests of all citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina,     the country and to encourage a favourable review of its
and it is especially concerning that the rhetoric            application for membership of the European Union. My
and reluctance to compromise are indicative of the           delegation also welcomes the Parliamentary Assembly’s
wider political environment. We will be watching             adoption of the necessary amendments to the code of
developments closely. It is also important that the          criminal procedure in order to effectively combat the
political leaders in Bosnia and Herzegovina urgently         scourges of corruption and organized crime, which are
address all judgments regarding elections in order to        the main obstacles to the economic and social take-off
ensure that all citizens have the ability to participate     of the country. The adoption of those legislative
fully in the democratic process, as they all deserve. It     amendments is an important step in the establishment
is regrettable that many of those issues have remained       of the rule of law and the fight against impunity, in
unresolved over several election cycles, which is a          order to promote national reconciliation.
significant amount of time. Any resolution to those
issues needs to meet international standards and uphold          However, that positive momentum should not prompt
the principle of equality for all citizens, including the    us to lose sight of the administrative and institutional
ability to elect officials and be elected.                   dysfunctions, especially those of the general elections on
                                                             7 October. According to the Organization for Security
     Conversely, we welcome the progress made by             and Cooperation in Europe and local non-governmental
Bosnia and Herzegovina on certain aspects of reform,         organizations, those elections were marred by unequal
for example in the adoption of agricultural and energy       access to public media, irregularities on electoral lists
strategies and the eventual adoption of the criminal         and the partiality of local observers at polling stations.
procedure code — although the delay in doing so was          My delegation therefore encourages the Bosnian
regrettable. We have also welcomed the continued             authorities to remedy the shortcomings observed in the
cooperation on women and peace and security and              organization of the elections and invites all stakeholders
encourage that to continue.                                  to submit their complaints in the context of the existing
                                                             legal procedures.
    Finally, I want to echo what the High Representative
said about reconciliation. Srebrenica remains the worst          Côte d’Ivoire is concerned about the persistence
massacre in Europe since the end of the Second World         of ethnic tensions. We therefore call on all political
War. Nine thousand Muslim men and boys were taken            groups and Bosnian populations to combine their
from their homes and murdered. It is absolutely vital        efforts to preserve the territorial integrity and
that reconciliation efforts be made in genuine earnest       sovereignty of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In conclusion,
and accelerated.                                             Côte d’Ivoire welcomes the spirit of compromise of


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the States members of the Security Council that has          integrity of the electoral process before the elections.
made it possible to renew the mandate of the European        In that context, while we praise the progress made,
Union-led peacekeeping force Operation Althea, whose         we believe that there is still much to be done and that
mission remains relevant in the search for peace,            we must continue working towards a common vision
security and stability in Bosnia and Herzegovina.            of the future that will help to foster a lasting national
                                                             unity that will cement Bosnia and Herzegovina’s role
    Mr. Ndong Mba (Equatorial Guinea) (spoke
                                                             in the Balkans, Europe and the world. We therefore
in Spanish): Allow me to join previous speakers in
                                                             encourage the parties to amend the laws regarding
welcoming to the Chamber Mr. Valentin Inzko, High
                                                             the House of Peoples of the Federation of Bosnia and
Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina, and to
                                                             Herzegovina, to strengthen the rule of law, ensure the
thank him for his report on the implementation of            full implementation of the election results and pursue
the Peace Agreement on Bosnia and Herzegovina                efforts to contain and eliminate ethnic divisions, crime,
(S/2018/974, annex).                                         corruption, violent extremism and terrorism, which
    Our delegation has taken note of the report of           remain key issues in ensuring stability and prosperity
the High Representative on the achievements and              in the country and the region.
positive developments in the country over the past six            In conclusion, my delegation advocates full respect
months, such as the recent adoption of the long-awaited      for the sovereignty, independence and territorial
amendments to the code of criminal procedure by the          integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. We commend the
Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina,            commitment of the High Representative for Bosnia and
in line with international standards, as well as the         Herzegovina within his mandate and we emphasize our
completion of the country’s eighth general elections         support for his efforts to promote the implementation
on 7 October. We also commend the progress made              of the Dayton Peace Agreement. We also welcome the
by Bosnia and Herzegovina during the reporting               extension of the mandate of the European Union-led
period with respect to economic reforms in order to          peacekeeping force Operation Althea, which we have
strengthen the economy, reform institutions and reduce       just unanimously adopted (resolution 2443 (2018)), and
unemployment. Those are all signs that there is a            we hope that the mission will continue its important
common vision for Bosnia and Herzegovina.                    work of assisting the country and facilitating the
     However, while significant progress has been            process of achieving lasting peace and stability, as well
made, we are concerned by the decision in August             as its support for the work of the High Representative
of the National Assembly of the Republika Srpska to          and the United Nations country team. The Republic
revoke its support for the Srebrenica report of 2004.        of Equatorial Guinea is ready to work with the
That revocation only serves to undermine the political       international community to support the process towards
stability and prosperity of the country, endangering         lasting peace and security and sustainable development
all the achievements and efforts made by the parties         in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
for reconciliation among various ethnic groups and                Mr. Tenya (Peru) (spoke in Spanish): We thank
communities and prospects for the future of Bosnia           you, Mr. President, for convening this meeting. We
and Herzegovina. In that regard, we call on all parties      also thank High Representative Valentin lnzko for his
to refrain from divisive rhetoric and actions that could     important briefing. We would like to highlight the work
endanger the stability of the country and hinder the         done by his Office in support of the implementation
implementation of the Peace Agreement.                       of the civilian mandate of the General Framework
    On the other hand, regarding the general elections       Agreement for Peace and express our support for
                                                             his leadership.
on 7 October, the Government of the Republic of
Equatorial Guinea welcomes the fact that the elections           Peru recognizes the unity, territorial integrity and
were held without any serious security incident, as          sovereignty of Bosnia and Herzegovina and considers it
reflected in the report of the High Representative. At the   necessary to move to strengthen its independence. For
same time, we regret that the parties did not implement      that reason, we note with concern the limited progress
the recommendations of the Organization for Security         made on the implementation of the 5+2 agenda,
and Cooperation in Europe Office for Democratic              which has five objectives and two conditions for the
Institutions and Human Rights in order to improve the        closure of the Office of the High Representative for


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the Implementation of the Peace Agreement on Bosnia           to justice, reconciliation and the safe and dignified
and Herzegovina. We consider the general elections of         return of refugees and internally displaced persons to
7 October and the political process that led up to them       their homes, with full recognition of their ethnic and
to have been positive to the extent that they were carried    religious diversity.
out peacefully and inclusively. It is always important
                                                                  I conclude by stressing the importance of the
for citizens to be able to choose their representatives
                                                              parties’ full cooperation with the High Representative
freely through free and democratic elections. At
                                                              and with the European Union-led peacekeeping force
the same time, we must deplore the fact that Bosnia
                                                              Operation Althea. They can count on Peru’s full support
and Herzegovina’s electoral procedures could not be
                                                              in fulfilling the mandates we have just renewed.
amended to facilitate a more far-reaching democratic
process and that ethnic confrontation prevailed over              Mr. Cohen (United States of America): I thank
the constructive approaches that the country and its          High Representative Inzko for his work in Bosnia and
citizens require in order to build sustainable peace.         Herzegovina for the past nine years and for his dedicated
                                                              leadership of the Office of the High Representative.
    Faced with such a situation, we must continue to
emphasize the need to strengthen the rule of law, build            The Office’s mission reflects the very ideals that
inclusive institutions and, in that connection, promote       the Security Council envisions for a modern Bosnia
political dialogue and reconciliation. We cannot              and Herzegovina, a peaceful and viable democracy
continue to lament incidents of violence. Political           that is on course for Euro-Atlantic integration and
leaders must live up to their responsibility in that          responsible for its own destiny and future. The United
regard and share a vision for the future that is centred      States reiterates its strong support for the mandate of
on the economic and social development of the country.        the High Representative under the Dayton Accords as
In that regard, we emphasize the value of diversity and       the final authority on the interpretation of the civilian
the importance of safeguarding it in order to build a         implementation of the Dayton Peace Agreement. We
strong democracy based on inclusive, transparent and          consider the role of High Representative Inzko to be
accountable institutions that guarantee access to justice     essential, especially in the aftermath of the October
and the peaceful resolution of conflicts and prevent          general elections and as the country continues to contend
further violence.                                             with the divisive nationalistic rhetoric that threatens
                                                              to undermine gains made under the agreement. We
     We view positively the efforts aimed at European
                                                              also commend the continued work of the European
integration and compliance with the decisions of
                                                              Union-led peacekeeping force Operation Althea and
the Constitutional Court. With regard to the latter,
                                                              its role in preserving a safe and secure environment in
however, we must stress the urgent need to harmonize
                                                              Bosnia and Herzegovina. The United States is pleased
local legislation. We underscore the importance of
                                                              to support the renewal of its mandate.
the amendments to the criminal procedure code that
have been adopted in order to more effectively combat              We are concerned about those who seek to weaken
organized crime and corruption, as well as the need           the constitutional order of the single State of Bosnia
to complement them with the creation of a specialized         and Herzegovina, composed of two entities and three
prosecutor’s office and criminal chamber. We also             constituent peoples, and we call on the members of
underline the importance of safeguarding the autonomy         the Council to remain vigilant against any efforts to
of the various parts of the system of administration of       undermine Bosnia and Herzegovina’s State-level
justice and of respecting the role that the press and civil   institutions. We renew our collective commitment to
society organizations are called upon to play in order to     upholding the Dayton Peace Accords by maintaining
guarantee the rule of law in a democratic society.            the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country.
    We deplore the rhetoric of hatred, ethnic                      The United States will hold accountable those who
confrontation, belligerence and the glorification of war      threaten Bosnia and Herzegovina’s peace, security and
criminals. We believe that the decision of the National       stability. Accountability is essential to discouraging
Assembly of the Republika Srpska to repeal the report         spoilers to the country’s political process. Let me
on the Srebrenica genocide reveals a rejectionism             reiterate a position that we have repeatedly made clear
that must be condemned. We note with particular               in the Chamber. Bosnia and Herzegovina’s leaders
concern that those tensions continue to hamper access         must demonstrate the political will to follow through


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on the commitments necessary to cementing their              can see the growing importance of the special role
country’s path into the European Union and NATO.             and responsibility of external actors who have the
Euro-Atlantic integration is the only path for Bosnia        opportunity to positively influence the situation.
and Herzegovina’s future as a responsible global player.
                                                                 In that context, Kazakhstan welcomes the
Those steps must be taken in concert with efforts to
                                                             continuous efforts of the Organization for Security
strengthen the rule of law, tackle corruption, increase
                                                             and Cooperation in Europe mission in promoting
economic opportunity and otherwise respond to the
                                                             stability and reconciliation, while assisting Bosnia
needs of all the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina,
                                                             and Herzegovina on its path to regional, political,
regardless of their ethnicity or religion.
                                                             economic and social integration. We commend the
     There is much to be optimistic about. We see            project activities of the mission in the areas of good
Bosnia and Herzegovina’s future in the 23-year-old           governance, justice and education, which uphold
poet who organized a nationwide poetry contest to            human rights and the rule of law for all citizens. We
fight hate speech. We see the country’s future in the        also believe that today’s extension of the mandate of
work of its Interreligious Council, which just celebrated    the European Union-led peacekeeping force Operation
its twentieth anniversary and dedicates its time to          Althea for another 12 months is a necessary step on the
promoting interfaith dialogue and visiting the sites of      path to bringing peace and sustainability to the region.
attacks on religious institutions, four of which it has
                                                                 In May, the members of the Security Council
visited in the past year. We also see the country’s future
                                                             voiced in this Chamber both the achievements and
in the ethnically diverse students from the town of
                                                             their concern about the many serious problems that
Jajce, who protested the further segregation of schools
                                                             exist in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Unfortunately, those
after local authorities sought to build a school just for
                                                             challenges have not gone away and are waiting for their
Bosnian Muslim class members.
                                                             further settlement. We therefore consider it necessary to
    The United States looks forward to a time when           speed up the process of forming the House of Peoples,
Bosnia and Herzegovina fully satisfies the objectives        in accordance with the decisions of the Constitutional
and conditions for the closure of the Office of the          Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the functional
High Representative, also known as the 5+2 agenda, as        Government of the country at all levels for their urgent
established by the Peace Implementation Council.             implementation in practice.
    Mr. Tumysh (Kazakhstan): I thank High                         We take positive note that, within the framework
Representative Valentin Inzko for his comprehensive          of the reform agenda for 2015 to 2018, the authorities
update on the situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina            of Bosnia and Herzegovina are implementing measures
based on his recent report (S/2018/974, annex). We are       for broad structural socioeconomic reforms. However,
also pleased to see in the Chamber the delegations of        as mentioned by the High Representative in his report
Bosnia and Herzegovina, the European Union, Serbia,          (S/2018/974, annex) most of those reforms remain at
Croatia and neighbouring countries.                          the preparatory stage, including the depoliticization
                                                             of public administration and the restructuring of
    Over the past six months since the last meeting
                                                             State-owned enterprises, as well as reforms in
of the Security Council on the situation in Bosnia and
                                                             legislation entrenching the rule of law in every region
Herzegovina (see S/PV.8248), important events have
                                                             of the country.
occurred in the country, most importantly the general
elections held on 7 October. We believe that the elected          In that regard, the main challenge is still in
political leaders of Bosnia and Herzegovina have a           formulating constitutional reform in order to improve
new opportunity to focus on the future of the country        the system of public administration. The Government
and not on its past and to meet the national interests       of Bosnia and Herzegovina should work closely with
of all of its peoples and citizens. It is now vital that     the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank to
the new leadership realize and accept responsibility for     improve the state of the economy and implement reforms
the situation in the country and make every effort to        to improve the business and investment climate. The
move further in a unified direction. The international       Government-led reform of the financial system should
community should help it engage in constructive              be aimed at reducing the share of the shadow economy
dialogue in a spirit of cooperation. That is where we        and the related negative implications of corruption. To


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that end, the role of the citizens themselves is invaluable,       The Kingdom of the Netherlands aligns itself with
and non-governmental organizations and the media               the statement to be delivered by the observer of the
must be supported at the legislative and executive             European Union later this morning.
levels. In that context, it is important to accelerate the          I will focus on the following issues: first, the rule
adoption of a nationwide strategy for managing public          of law; secondly, the Office of the High Representative;
finance, as well as strategies in areas such as energy,        and thirdly, the issue of stability.
employment and the national programme to harmonize
the Bosnia and Herzegovina legal system with European              First, with regard to the rule of law, in the previous
Union standards.                                               debate on this item in the Council in May (see
                                                               S/PV.8248), we expressed concerns about the rule of
     Kazakhstan additionally notes the issue of                law in Bosnia and Herzegovina. We have seen some
migration and refugees that was brought to the attention       responsible steps taken since then, such as the passing
of the Council at its previous meeting on this issue. The      of amendments to the criminal procedure code, but
recent events that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina        serious concerns remain. Erosion of the rule of law is
on the border with Croatia at the end of October clearly       a threat to any democracy. When in combination with
demonstrated the existence of that problem and the             divisive and revisionist rhetoric, such as that which we
need for the timely and high-quality response of the           continue to see in Bosnia and Herzegovina, it becomes
authorities and international organizations. Along with        a toxic mix. We therefore call on the authorities of
the resolution of priority issues on the accommodation         Bosnia and Herzegovina to strengthen the rule of law
of migrants, it is necessary to comprehensively                in their country, and to do so convincingly and at all
approach the settlement of that big challenge in the long      levels. Let me reiterate that the divisive and revisionist
term. Stability not only in Bosnia and Herzegovina             rhetoric of political leaders is conducive neither to
but in South-East Europe in general depends on that.           reconciliation and cooperation, nor to the political
Therefore, not only the Government of Bosnia and               need to make compromises. We underline the points on
Herzegovina, but also international organizations,             accountability in that context that were just made by
foundations and relevant European Union structures,            our American colleague. We also call on the authorities
should actively participate in that process.                   to amend the election law, and State institutions must
                                                               continue to function properly.
    To conclude, our delegation calls on the new
leadership of Bosnia and Herzegovina to take all                    Secondly, I turn to the High Representative and
                                                               his Office. With the rule of law under pressure and
measures to eliminate the existing costs of the judicial
                                                               rhetoric thriving, upholding the civilian aspects of the
system and ensure depoliticization, impartiality and
                                                               General Framework Agreement for Peace becomes
independence, including in the consideration of war
                                                               even more crucial, and the engagement of the Office of
crimes cases. Kazakhstan also considers it crucial to
                                                               the High Representative becomes even more pertinent.
emphasize the high importance of respecting the Dayton
                                                               The circumstances for closure of the Office are not
Accords as the basis not only of civil peace in Bosnia
                                                               yet there As was pointed out by Mr. Inzko, Bosnia and
and Herzegovina, but also of stability and security in         Herzegovina has made limited progress in completing
the region. Reconciliation in Bosnia and Herzegovina           the 5+2 agenda. The Kingdom of the Netherlands remains
can be an example of resolving one the most complex            steadfast in its support for the High Representative and
and protracted conflicts in the history of Europe and          his Office. Twenty-three years after it establishment,
become a pattern for other States and regions of the           the work is far from done — unfortunately, I would like
world to follow.                                               to add.
    Mr. Van Oosterom (Netherlands): I would like to                Thirdly and finally, I will address stability. It is
thank Mr. Valentin Inzko for presenting his twentieth          a precondition for strengthening the rule of law and
report (S/2018/974, annex) as High Representative,             a precondition for upholding the civilian aspects of
a sobering milestone. We highly value his dedicated            the Framework Agreement. The European Union-led
personal efforts and persistence in carrying out his           peacekeeping force Operation Althea is key in
mandate for the greater good of the citizens of Bosnia         supporting the authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina
and Herzegovina.                                               in maintaining a safe and secure environment for its


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citizens and maintaining stability in the region. We           work on the European Commission questionnaire. We
therefore welcome the unanimous adoption today                 would also like to see the activation of the membership
of resolution 2443 (2018), renewing the mandate of             action plan as soon as possible so that all citizens might
Operation Althea.                                              benefit from stability and security within Euro-Atlantic
     In conclusion, in his first report to the Security        structures. It lies squarely within the responsibilities
Council, the first High Representative, Carl Bildt, wrote      of the governing elites to remove all obstacles along
that lasting peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina “requires         that path, particularly with regard to the registration of
a genuine commitment to ... the building of a future           immovable defence property.
in common” (S/1996/190, para. 104). That observation               There is much cause for concern in Bosnia and
still holds truth today. The Kingdom of the Netherlands        Herzegovina today. It is worth recalling that, although
continues to support Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Euro-            there is no imminent danger of armed conflict, stasis
Atlantic integration in order to ensure the future             should not be mistaken for stability. Almost a quarter
prosperity and security of its people and the region.          of a century after the Dayton Peace Agreement, the
That future depends on the political leaders of Bosnia         country’s political elites have signally failed to instil
and Herzegovina and their will to reconcile, cooperate         the sense of common destiny that could unite the
and conclude highly needed political compromises. In           country’s peoples. Loyalties still lie along the ethnic
short, it depends on their will to truly lead. The time to     lines. Young people, the future of the country, emigrate
do so is now.                                                  to seek a better future elsewhere. Centrifugal forces
    Ms. Wronecka (Poland): Let be begin by thanking            fuelling nationalistic rhetoric glorifying convicted
High Representative Valentin Inzko for his briefing.           war criminals and a lack of economic perspective,
Poland would like to convey its full support for his Office    combined with the endemic weakness of the State, are
and appreciation for its pivotal role in maintaining           a dangerous mix.
stability in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The international
                                                                    We meet today at a very delicate moment as
community has entrusted the High Representative with
                                                               the outcome of the October elections is just being
great responsibility and provided him with far-reaching
                                                               finalized. We welcome the fact that they were genuinely
prerogatives, the Bonn powers, which should be used if
                                                               competitive and conducted peacefully. Regretfully,
the situation requires.
                                                               however, neither the reform of the electoral law nor the
    Poland aligns itself with the statement to be              rulings of the European Court of Human Rights have
delivered by the observer of the European Union later          been introduced, and the situation remains sensitive.
in our discussion.                                             It is now incumbent upon political parties to proceed
    There are clear conditions set by the Peace                promptly with the formation of a Government on all
Implementation Council for the closure of the Office           levels so that the will of the people is implemented and
of the High Representative, namely, the 5+2 agenda.            fundamental institutional stability is put in place. It is
Like all other members of the international community,         also the responsibility of the political elites to continue
Poland would like nothing more than to see them                with the reform agenda with firmness renewed energy.
fulfilled. As yet, however, that has not happened.                 In conclusion, let me reiterate that Poland is vitally
    We welcome the adoption today of resolution 2443           interested in seeing Bosnia and Herzegovina as a united,
(2018), which extends the mandate of the European              prosperous and modern democratic country, strongly
Union-led Operation Althea for another year, and the           anchored in the Euro-Atlantic structures. We have been
European Council conclusions of 15 October, which              with Bosnia and Herzegovina since the beginning, and
confirmed its readiness to continue the mission’s              we will continue our active support as we have done
executive military mandate of maintaining a safe and           so far.
secure environment. As contributors to the mission                 Mr. Melki (France) (spoke in French): I thank the
since its inception, we are proud to be part of that effort.
                                                               High Representative for the Implementation of the Peace
    We note with appreciation the commitment of the            Agreement on Bosnia and Herzegovina, Mr. Valentin
State-level institutions of Bosnia and Herzegovina to          Inzko, for his enlightening briefing on the latest
European integration as manifested in the ongoing              developments, particularly in the electoral process.


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    The citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina went to                On the other hand, it is essential to make progress in
the polls on 7 October to elect their representatives at     the fight against corruption and organized crime and to
the level of the cantons, parliamentary assemblies and       ensure that all investigations are conducted in the most
the presidencies. More than 20 years after a deadly          impartial manner. We expect the Bosnian authorities
conflict was brought to an end by the Dayton Peace           to take strong measures against a phenomenon of
Accords, we can today be pleased by the holding of           corruption that fuels mistrust of the authorities and
elections deemed free by observers of the Organization       encourages younger generations to continue to leave the
for Security and Cooperation in Europe. However, the         country. The High Representative has just mentioned
many irregularities referred to in the report (S/2018/974,   the statistics of those departures, a worrying indicator
annex) of the High Representative deserve our attention      for the future of the country.
so as to prevent their recurrence in future elections.            That brings me to the third and last priority,
     The new authorities will face three priorities          which is the European perspective. France associates
following the elections. The first, which is essential       itself with the statement to be delivered on behalf of
                                                             the European Union in a few minutes. The prospect of
for the future of the country, is national cohesion. As
                                                             European Union integration, in due course and when
pointed out by the High Representative and several
                                                             the conditions are met, is an extension of the European
members of the Security Council, the provocations
                                                             Union’s widespread and multifaceted involvement in
and controversies launched by some political leaders
                                                             Bosnia and Herzegovina. Throughout that involvement,
fuel inter-community tensions and undermine efforts
                                                             the European Union military Operation Althea, to
to build trust among the communities. It is the
                                                             which we have just renewed our collective support
responsibility of the new leaders to reject rhetoric         and which must continue its transition with regard to
and positions that are likely to reopen the wounds of        its non-executive tasks, continues to contribute to the
the past. As such, almost a year after the closure of        stabilization of the country. The competent European
the International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia         services, for their part, are redoubling their efforts to
and the creation of the Residual Mechanism, France           support Bosnia and Herzegovina in its rapprochement
strongly condemns the glorification of crimes and war        with the European Union and to prepare an opinion
criminals, regardless of their community of origin.          on the candidature of Bosnia and Herzegovina for
It is unacceptable that after the commission of cruel        membership in the European Union. It is up to Bosnian
acts — and we all remember the Srebrenica massacre,          political leaders to implement the necessary reforms,
among others, as has been recalled — that politicians        particularly in the areas of the rule of law, human rights
continue to lift up as examples those responsible for the    and economic and social development, in order to
most serious crimes. Strengthening national cohesion         make progress along their path towards Europe. In that
requires more than ever that there be progress towards a     perspective, we encourage Bosnian political leaders to
more consensual operation of the institutions of Bosnia      favour a consensual decision-making process.
and Herzegovina. We welcome the amendments made
                                                                  As we commemorate the centenary of the end of the
to the criminal procedure code, which are an all-too-Great War, we have the responsibility to bear witness
rare example of a constructive approach.                     to the cruel violence that ravaged Europe over the past
     National cohesion will have to be based on              century and to defend, with force and conviction, a
justice. That is the second priority, no less essential,     spirit of reconciliation. It is not only an ideal but also
on which I wish to expound. The rule of law and              a practice, as has been mentioned. France does that on
respect for human rights are not a luxury to which only      a daily basis with Germany. We encourage the leaders
prosperous countries can lay claim. On the contrary,         of Bosnia and Herzegovina to engage resolutely in that
it is a condition for just and sustainable economic and      direction with the interests of all Bosnian citizens as
social development, the vitality of civil society and        their sole objective.
the stability of institutions. France therefore calls on          Mr. Orrenius Skau (Sweden): Let me also begin by
all political actors to respect the decisions taken by       thanking the High Representative, Mr. Valentin Inzko,
national and international judicial bodies, including on     for his informative briefing today. Sweden continues to
the issue of electoral reform, in the interests of Bosnia    fully support his mandate and his important work for
and Herzegovina and Bosnian citizens.                        Bosnia and Herzegovina.


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     Twenty-three years have passed since those intense         Regional cooperation and reconciliation in the
November weeks in Ohio, when the DaytonAagreement           Western Balkans is crucial to stability and progress.
on the future of Bosnia and Herzegovina was being           Sweden therefore supports the Regional Cooperation
negotiated. The Agreement marked the starting point of      Council’s important work in strengthening goodthe long path towards reconstruction and reconciliation.    neighbourly relations in the region. Bridging cultural
While much has been achieved over the years, important      and social differences through increased regional
steps remain for Bosnia and Herzegovina to build a          exchanges is essential, not least among children
country of prosperity, peace, stability and equality        and young people, and involving young people in
for all.                                                    peacebuilding activities is definitely an important
    The conduct of general elections last month was         prerequisite for sustaining peace anywhere, as outlined
one such important step. We welcome that the elections      in resolutions 2250 (2015) and 2419 (2018). In that
could proceed without any major security incidents.         same context, a stable peace also requires the full
At the same time, we condemn the threats and attacks        participation of women. More attention and devotion
against journalists during the election campaign. We        to that issue is needed, and future reports from the
also regret that the campaign was tainted by divisive       High Representative should better reflect the specific
and nationalistic rhetoric, and that more attention was     challenges and opportunities for women. Such analyses
not given to what is most urgently needed — reform.         integrating a gender perspective would benefit our
                                                            future briefings and inform a more strategic response.
     Socioeconomic reforms and improvements in
the rule of law must be at the centre of Bosnia and              Finally, for a country to move forward, its focus
Herzegovina’s political priorities. High unemployment,      must be on the future rather than mired in the past. That
widespread corruption and mismanagement erode the           is true both for reconciliation within the country and for
trust between citizens and authorities. As we heard from    its relations with neighbours. Bosnia and Herzegovina
the High Representative, young and educated citizens are    can continue to count on strong international support,
leaving the country to look for opportunities elsewhere.    and in that regard we welcome today’s unanimous
That is a worrying trend that must be reversed. Yet the     adoption of resolution 2443 (2018), renewing the
pace of reform has unfortunately stalled in recent years.   mandate of the European Union military mission in
The country’s political leaders must now take on the        Bosnia and Herzegovina.
responsibility they have to enable it to make a rapid            The European Union’s commitment to Bosnia and
return to a path of reform. To that end, all the relevant   Herzegovina’s EU perspective is unequivocal. Sweden,
actors must now engage in constructive dialogue aimed       for its part, will remain a steadfast partner of Bosnia
at forming Governments and parliaments at all levels        and Herzegovina on its path towards a stable and
without further delay.                                      prosperous future.
     Bosnia and Herzegovina reconfirmed its strategic           Ms. Guadey (Ethiopia): I would like to begin by
priority of joining the European Union (EU) with            thanking Mr. Valentin Inzko, High Representative for
its application for membership in 2016. The further         Bosnia and Herzegovina, for his comprehensive briefing
integration of the Western Balkans remains a top priority   on the latest report on the implementation of the Peace
for the European Union. We welcome the participation        Agreement on Bosnia and Herzegovina (S/2018/974,
of the observer of the EU in our meeting this morning,      annex). We would like to reiterate our support for the
elaborating on EU efforts, and align ourselves with         sovereignty, territorial integrity and unity of Bosnia
his statement. A credible EU perspective, based on
                                                            and Herzegovina.
progress according to its own merits, continues to be
one of the most powerful drivers of peace, stability and        We welcome the positive developments apparent
prosperity in the region. In the work of achieving deeper   in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the reporting period,
integration, Bosnia and Herzegovina and its European        particularly its continued engagement with the European
partners must now strengthen their cooperation to           Union (EU) on the country’s accession process and
meet their common challenges, which include trade           progress on some legislative aspects, such as the code
and sustainable economic development, environmental         of criminal procedure. That progress is testament to the
protection, organized crime, terrorism and migration,       country’s commitment to the EU integration process,
to mention only a few.                                      with far-reaching long-term positive consequences


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for the stability and prosperity of the country and the     and Herzegovina — of the incapacity of the country’s
region at large.                                            governing bodies and entire political class generally.
                                                            We believe that approach is fundamentally mistaken,
     We are nevertheless concerned about some of the
reported developments that have undermined Bosnia           disrespectful to Bosnians and untethered to reality.
and Herzegovina’s political stability. In particular, we        Despite the painful legacy of the 1992-1995 conflict,
note the divisive rhetoric and actions that continue to     Bosnia and Herzegovina is gradually developing on
challenge the constitutional order and integrity of the     both the social and economic fronts. Its gross domestic
State-level judiciary system in the country. In that        product, exports and people’s incomes are increasing and
regard, we call on all authorities and political leaders    unemployment is falling. On 7 October general elections
to fully respect the decision of the Constitutional Court   were once again held in accordance with democratic
of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Respect for the rule of law      standards, as was confirmed by international observers
and the authority of the State institutions established     from the Organization for Security and Cooperation
under the Dayton Accords is fundamental to the              in Europe. A foreign policy based on a balance of the
State-building process in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
                                                            interests of the Bosnian parties is being implemented.
It is therefore important to ensure that all parties
                                                            In 2010 and 2011, Sarajevo successfully carried out the
refrain from provocative statements and actions that
                                                            functions of a non-permanent member of the Security
could undermine the country’s sovereignty, territorial
                                                            Council, and in 2015 it presided over the Council of
integrity, cohesion and constitutional order.
                                                            Ministers of the Council of Europe. Problems arise, as
    We also note the continued disagreement concerning      with any State, but they are far from insurmountable
changes to Bosnia and Herzegovina’s electoral law. We       for Bosnians.
believe the issue must be handled very carefully, as it
has the potential to undermine the country’s continuity         The successful experience of the Brčko District,
and stability. It is our hope that the Constitutional       where the foreign Supervisor’s activities had been
Court’s ruling on its review of the election law will be    frozen since 2012, clearly shows that the Office of the
implemented in a manner consistent with the Dayton          High Representative is a relic of the past for Bosnia and
Peace Agreement. We also encourage the relevant             Herzegovina. Worse than that, its very presence hampers
parties to undertake serious political dialogue to          the internal Bosnian dialogue and fuels attitudes of
address and solve differences amicably.                     dependency among a certain part of the establishment.
                                                            For the entire period of almost 10 years that the High
     In conclusion, we would like to express our support
                                                            Representative has been in Bosnia and Herzegovina,
to the High Representative and his Office in discharging
                                                            he has exploited the resources of his Office to advance
their mandate to monitor the implementation of the
                                                            the NATO and European Union agendas and settle
civilian aspects of the Dayton Accords. We call on the
                                                            accounts with Bosnian leaders who acknowledge the
parties to extend the necessary cooperation, which is
                                                            protectorate’s irrelevance, instead of carrying out the
crucial to the work of the High Representative. We
                                                            tasks assigned to him with regard to implementing the
also recognize the vital role played by the EU military
mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina, EUFOR Althea,            civilian aspects of the General Framework Agreement
in maintaining safety and stability in the country.         for Peace.
We welcome the adoption of resolution 2443 (2018)               In future, we urge the High Representative to
renewing the mission’s mandate for another 12 months.       avoid tendentious comments about one or other of the
    Mr. Nebenzia (Russian Federation) (spoke in             country’s political parties on the eve of elections, as
Russian): Regrettably, we have concluded that the           occurred during Mr. Inzko’s interview with the Austrian
quality of the reports of the High Representative for       newspaper Wiener Zeitung on 2 October, widely
the Implementation of the Peace Agreement on Bosnia         reproduced in the Bosnian media. In the interview, the
and Herzegovina gets worse every time. It is clear that     High Representative directed one-sided criticism at the
Mr. Inzko is trying to tailor his assessments of what is    major Bosnian Serb party, the Alliance of Independent
going on in the country according to his notion — which     Social Democrats, breaching every democratic norm
suits him and the other supporters of the never-ending      and his own mandate by essentially joining the election
preservation of an outside protectorate for Bosnia          campaign on the side of the opposition.


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     The smearing of Bosnian Serbs and Croats who are         facilitate compliance with the Dayton Agreement and
against the erosion of the Dayton Peace Agreement and         to develop a mutually beneficial dialogue with Bosnia
attempts to centralize the country long ago morphed           and Herzegovina. Our message about the importance
into an end in themselves for the High Representative,        of respect for Bosnia and Herzegovina’s sovereignty
who in his most recent report (S/2018/974, annex) has         and territorial integrity, as well as the broad powers
no qualms about referring to unverified media accounts        of the two entities and the equality of the country’s
or simply plucking overreaching conclusions out of the        three constituent peoples, as provided for in the
air. For example, he expounds on the alleged rampant          Peace Agreement, were received in a constructive
corruption and the Bosnian authorities’ inability             spirit by all the Bosnian parties during the working
to combat it based on the overtly politicized and             visit on 21 September by Sergey Lavrov, Minister for
completely unsubstantiated decision — which means             Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation. We believe
there should be no place for it in a report — of the United   that the time for an outside protectorate has passed.
States Department of State to include a Bosnian-Serb          The international community’s role in Bosnia and
parliamentarian, Nikola Špirić, on its restricted list on     Herzegovina should be based on helping Bosnians
the eve of the elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina.           broaden the scope of their common interests and
     The High Representative also speculates about the        find their own recipes for compromise solutions to
tragic death of a student, David Dragičević, in a way         problem issues, including reforming the judicial system
that portrays what occurred as some sort of systemic          and removing the foreign experts from the country’s
flaw in the Republika Srpska judiciary. In our view           Constitutional Court.
such assessments are cynical and irresponsible. For               The Bosnian Croats’ idea for fine-tuning Bosnia
those of our colleagues who would like to have a more         and Herzegovina’s electoral system deserves attention.
balanced and factual picture of what is happening in          It would provide sufficient guarantees for filling
Bosnia and Herzegovina, we once again recommend               senior leadership positions exclusively with legitimate
that they read the report of the Government of Republika      representatives of each of the country’s constituent
Srpska, which according to tradition is drafted in Banja      peoples. Unfortunately, during the recent elections a
Luka to coincide with today’s meeting. We urge the            member of the Presidium of Bosnia and Herzegovina
High Representative to abandon his one-sided self-            from the Croats was once again elected by votes from
involvement in Bosnia’s internal political wrangling          the Bosniak majority. It would be desirable for the
and do his proper job, the implementation of the 5+2          Bosnians to reach an agreement on how to prevent this
plan, which the Office has so far abandoned that this         practice in the future. It is not acceptable to artificially
key task is barely mentioned in passing, like some            crank up the pressure on the Republika Srspka in Bosnia
minor side issue.                                             and Herzegovina and its legitimately elected leaders.
    A clear inadequacy in the High Representative’s           We have a principled objection to unilateral sanctions
report, in our view, is the absence, for all practical        on Bosnian Serb leaders.
purposes, of any serious analysis of possible ways to               In response to my British colleague, I want to
emerge from the crisis situation in the Federation of         confirm that as a member of the Contact Group of the
Bosnia and Herzegovina related to the exclusion of the        Steering Board, Russia is committed to Bosnia and
procedure for filling the upper house of the Parliament       Herzegovina’s stability and development. But we have
from the current version of the Bosnia and Herzegovina        not signed on to any obligations to drag the country into
election law. The situation is fraught with issues            Euro-Atlantic structures. That is not our business and
regarding the composition of the House of Peoples of          it is not the United Kingdom’s, either. It is the business
Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Parliamentary Assembly and
                                                              of the peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina. However,
the installation of the President and members of the
                                                              we definitely do not agree with the policy of dragging
Government of the Federation. We hope that the Office
                                                              Bosnia and Herzegovina into NATO. Such actions only
of the High Representative will prepare the relevant
                                                              worsen the tensions in the country and distract the
completed plans at least by early December, when the
                                                              Bosnian parties from working for reform. In this case,
Peace Implementation Council Steering Board meets.
                                                              the consensus on domestic political issues provided
   As for Russia’s approach to a Bosnian settlement,          for in the 1995 Peace Agreement cannot be achieved,
we continue to focus on doing everything possible to          owing to the principled position of the Bosnian Serbs,


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who are not prepared to see alliance-based dividing           to provide the judicial system with the necessary tools
lines drawn between the Republika Srpska and Serbia.          for combating organized crime, corruption, terrorism
                                                              and extremism, which constitute a direct threat to the
    We stand in solidarity with the views of many
                                                              rule of law and hinder efforts to achieve economic and
European States on the gravity of the threat of the
                                                              social development and accomplish integration with the
proliferation of radical extremist ideologies in Bosnia and
                                                              European Union.
Herzegovina. The activities of the Islamic underground
must be eliminated by the country’s relevant bodies,              As the report states, these events are happening
including in the context of regional cooperation.             at a time when limited progress is being made in
                                                              implementing the 5+2 agenda established for the
    Mr. Alotaibi (Kuwait) (spoke in Arabic): At the
                                                              closure of the Office of the High Representative,
outset, I would like to join my colleagues in thanking
                                                              especially where the registration of defence property
Mr. Valentin Inzko, High Representative for Bosnia and
                                                              in the Republika Srpska is concerned. In that regard,
Herzegovina, for his valuable briefing and recent report
                                                              we reiterate our full support to the Office of the
on the implementation of the Peace Agreement on Bosnia
                                                              High Representative, pursuant to the Dayton Peace
and Herzegovina (S/2018/974, annex). I also want to
                                                              Agreement and the relevant resolutions of the Security
underline our full support to the High Representative
                                                              Council. We call on him to intensify his efforts to fully
in implementing his mandate and in his efforts to assist
                                                              implement the plan.
the authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina to overcome
the challenges they are facing.                                   We are concerned about the increase in the number
                                                              of refugees and displaced persons who returned to
     We commend the efforts to maintain stability and
                                                              Bosnia and Herzegovina since the beginning of the year.
unity in Bosnia and Herzegovina for all its racial and
                                                              Their number had grown to nearly 18,000 by October,
cultural components. We also recognize and appreciate
                                                              whereas last year it stood at 758. Aid agencies have
the important role of the European Union-led
                                                              warned that this could potentially lead to thousands of
multinational stabilization force in achieving that goal.
                                                              people being left without adequate shelter.
We also welcome the Council’s unanimous adoption
today of resolution 2443 (2018), which sends a strong             In conclusion, Kuwait underlines the importance of
message from the international community to the people        respecting the unity, stability and territorial integrity
of Bosnia and Herzegovina that we are committed to            of Bosnia and Herzegovina. All stakeholders must
maintaining security and stability there and determined       respect its national Constitution and all the judgments
to continue providing the support needed to enhance           rendered by its judicial bodies to strengthen the pillars
the sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of Bosnia    of stability in the country. We call on all parties in
and Herzegovina.                                              Bosnia and Herzegovina to make concerted efforts
                                                              to implement the General Framework Agreement for
     The General Framework Agreement for Peace
                                                              Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and to respect the
in Bosnia and Herzegovina, signed more than two
                                                              mandate of the High Representative, pursuant to annex
decades ago, continues to represent the cornerstone
                                                              10 of that Agreement and the relevant resolutions of the
of institutional stability and to serve as a constant
                                                              Security Council.
reference point for sustainable peace in the country. We
are therefore concerned about the ongoing escalation              Mrs. Cordova Soria (Plurinational State of Bolivia)
of divisive and inflammatory rhetoric, and we call on         (spoke in Spanish): We thank the High Representative
all political leaders to prioritize the national interests    for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Mr. Valentin Inzko, for
of the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina above all             his briefing.
other considerations and to disregard any narrow
                                                                  Taking into account the early renewal of the mandate,
racial or political interests that could undermine the
                                                              we hope that Operation EUFOR Althea and the Office
chances for progress and stability. They must also
                                                              of the High Representative will continue to cooperate
work constructively to implement the results of the
                                                              closely and play a constructive role in maintaining
7 October elections, including the formation of the
                                                              peace and stability in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Government, in order to make further progress in the
political process as soon as possible. The Parliament             Bolivia reiterates its commitment to full respect for
must also intensify its efforts to adopt new legislation      the territorial integrity, sovereignty and independence


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of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In that regard, we emphasize           The President (spoke in Chinese): I shall now
that safeguarding them requires that its Constitution and     make a statement in my capacity as the representative
the decisions rendered by the judiciary be respected,         of China.
in accordance with the rule of law. We also call on
                                                                  At the outset, I thank High Representative Inzko
political leaders and all parties to refrain from using       for his briefing.
rhetoric that promotes the division of the country.
                                                                  Bosnia and Herzegovina is a major country in the
     With regard to recent events, we commend the             Balkans. General elections were held there recently.
holding of general elections in October and welcome           Maintaining the peace, stability and development in
the fact that they took place in an atmosphere of calm.       Bosnia and Herzegovina is in the common interests of
However, we are concerned that the parties did not reach      the region and of the international community at large.
an agreement on electoral reform. We therefore call on
them to work together in an inclusive environment and              China respects the independence, sovereignty,
to respect the Dayton Peace Agreement, which remains          unity and territorial integrity of Bosnia and
the legal basis and benchmark for stability and the           Herzegovina, as well as the choice made by its people
peaceful settlement of disputes among the parties.            for the future of their country. We support the peaceful
                                                              coexistence and common development of the various
     We also welcome the adoption of the amendments           ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina. We hope
to the criminal procedure code, a joint endeavour that        that they will commit to dialogue and consultation to
demonstrates the commitment of the Government of              seek common understanding, implement the Dayton
Bosnia and Herzegovina to continue undertaking the            Peace Agreement, promote economic development and
necessary reforms in order to promote the country’s           achieve greater progress in nation-building so as to
stability and contribute to the initiatives aimed at          ensure that the dividends of peace and development are
achieving the development and stability they seek. We         shared by all.
therefore encourage them to focus on those aspects and
                                                                   The international community should increase its
to intensify their efforts in implementing the 5+2 plan
                                                              support for the economic development of the country
as a prerequisite for the closure of the Office of the
                                                              and create favourable conditions for achieving national
High Representative.
                                                              reconciliation and lasting peace. The international
    Despite those advances, certain challenges remain         community should pay special attention to the
with regard to the political environment. We call on          views and concerns of all affected parties in Bosnia
political leaders to pursue dialogue and take consensual      and Herzegovina and take a balanced and prudent
action. The challenges should not be an obstacle that         approach. China welcomes the efforts made by High
threatens the stability of the country. We urge all parties   Representative Inzko in facilitating the political process
to put the interests of their people before particular        in the country and hopes that he will continue to play a
political or ethnic interests.                                constructive role in the implementation of the Dayton
                                                              Agreement, in accordance with his mandate.
    Similarly, we call on local authorities, the
international community and all regional, subregional             China supports the Council’s adoption of
and United Nations agencies to intensify efforts              resolution 2443 (2018), which renewed the mandate of
to support the thousands of refugees who have                 the European Union-led Operation Althea. We hope
applied for asylum throughout the year, especially            that the European Union force will continue to play a
with the coming of winter, since many do not have             positive role in maintaining security and stability in
adequate accommodation.                                       Bosnia and Herzegovina. Together with the rest of the
                                                              international community, China is ready to do its part
    Finally, we encourage the entire population in            in helping Bosnia and Herzegovina achieve long-term
Bosnia and Herzegovina to live together in harmony            peace, development and prosperity.
by overcoming the divisions of the past and putting
                                                                  I now resume my functions as President of
shared development first. In that regard, we urge the
                                                              the Council.
international community to take a neutral and equitable
approach in considering the concerns of all parties with          I give the floor to the representative of Bosnia
a view to achieving lasting stability.                        and Herzegovina.


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    Mr. Dronjic (Bosnia and Herzegovina): As this is            In conclusion, I sincerely hope that the newly elected
the first time that I am addressing the Council, allow      members of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
me to begin on a personal note by expressing my feeling     will find the modus operandi that will enable them to
of pride and humility, for there is no greater honour       overcome situations like this one and spare me from
for a career diplomat than to represent his country         being put in a somewhat awkward position.
at the United Nations, and especially at a Security
                                                                The President (spoke in Chinese): I now give the
Council meeting.
                                                            floor to the observer of the European Union.
    I would like to congratulate China on assuming the
                                                                Mr. Vale de Almeida: I would like to share with
presidency for the month of November and wish you,
                                                            the Security Council the conclusions reached by the
Mr. President, success in your endeavours.
                                                            European Union (EU).
    As the Council is aware, on 7 October general
                                                                 The European Union reiterates its unequivocal
elections took place in my country. The results of the
                                                            commitment to its perspective on Bosnia and
elections have still not been declared official by the
                                                            Herzegovina as a single, united and sovereign country.
Central Electoral Commission. Pending the official
                                                            Following the elections on 7 October and recalling
confirmation of the results, the newly elected members
                                                            the conclusions reached in June, the European Union
of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina will
                                                            expects all leaders to engage constructively on the
be sworn in and take office on 20 November, in two
                                                            formation of Government at all levels, which is in the
weeks. According to the Constitution of Bosnia and
                                                            interests of all citizens. The European Union recalls that
Herzegovina, the Presidency is responsible for the
                                                            it expects the authorities of Bosnia and Herzegovina to
country’s foreign policy, which requires the approval
                                                            prioritize taking forward the reforms that are needed
by consensus of public statements made on behalf of
                                                            for the country to advance along its EU path, while
the Presidency at international organizations and their
                                                            ensuring the full and effective implementation of the
bodies. As this is a transitional period, the outgoing
                                                            reform agenda.
members of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
could not reach consensus at this stage on the substance         In that context, the European Union welcomes the
of the statement to be delivered at this meeting.           continued presence of Operation Althea, which, in the
Therefore, in my personal capacity, I can only thank        follow-up of the 2017 strategic review, has refocused
Mr. Inzko for his twentieth report (S/2018/974, annex)      on its core mandate, while retaining the elements of
and his briefing today.                                     capacity-building and training that are deemed still
                                                            necessary and phasing out the other elements that are
    I would also like to thank the members of the
                                                            no longer relevant. In that context, as part of the overall
Security Council for adopting the resolution on the
                                                            EU strategy for Bosnia and Herzegovina, the European
situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina and extending
                                                            Union confirms its readiness at this stage to continue
the mandate of the European Union-led stabilization
                                                            the executive military mandate of Operation Althea to
force, Operation Althea, for an additional period of 12
                                                            support Bosnia and Herzegovina’s authorities in order
months (resolution 2443 (2018)). I note that, in spite of
                                                            to maintain the safe and secure environment under a
some difficulties, the resolution deems that the security
                                                            renewed United Nations mandate.
environment in Bosnia and Herzegovina remains calm
and stable.                                                      The European Union looks forward to the
                                                            presentation of the next strategic review in 2019 as a
    Furthermore, I would like to thank the European
                                                            basis for discussion with member States on the tasks of
Union for allocating €7.2 million in grants to support
                                                            the European Union-led peacekeeping force and options
Bosnia and Herzegovina in the area of migration and
                                                            for the future of Operation Althea, while also bearing
border management.
                                                            in mind the need to support Bosnia and Herzegovina’s
     In addition, I would like to thank the Government      progress in its EU integration process and taking into
of the Netherlands and the United Nations Development       account the security situation on the ground. The
Programme for granting $245,400 for the EXPLODE+            European Union recognizes the importance of the
project, which will help to dispose of the ammunition       continued coordination of the European Union-led
surplus and further contribute to the security of the       Operation Althea with other international actors on the
population in the country and the region.                   ground. The European Union at the same time continues


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to urge the authorities of Bosnia and Herzegovina,             just as important now — at a time of reforms, the
with the support of the international community, to            pursuit of European Union membership criteria and the
accelerate its efforts to address the disposal of excess       implementation of the required standards in the process
ammunition, weapons and explosive devices, as well as          of European integration — as they have ever been.
demining and other outstanding issues.                         We trust and believe that Bosnia and Herzegovina’s
    The President (spoke in Chinese): I now give the           political leaders have the will and resolve to address
floor to the representative of Serbia.                         those issues through dialogue and that they will reach
                                                               consensus to the benefit of all its peoples, who have a
    Mr. Milanović (Serbia): Bilateral cooperation with         great stake in the well-being of the country.
neighbours has always been the linchpin of Serbia’s
approach to foreign policy. It has considered it catalytic          Different opinions have been bandied about of late
for a new type of relations of a higher quality in the         on Bosnia and Herzegovina vis-à-vis various questions,
Western Balkans and the whole of South-East Europe.            one of which pertains to the election law and its possible
That is particularly true of Bosnia and Herzegovina,           amendment. Serbia considers that those are internal
our next-door neighbour and one of my country’s                questions that are best resolved through agreements
closest partners. The endeavour has been motivated             among political actors within the existing legal system,
not only by immediate and practical needs but also             in a constructive atmosphere and with mutual respect.
by larger considerations, such as restoring confidence         On 7 October, however, general elections were held in
and achieving reconciliation, both inside and outside          Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is expected that Government
Bosnia and Herzegovina, and promoting the aspirations          institutions will soon be established and that they will
of both countries to join the European Union.                  assume their responsibilities in the interests of all of
    Serbia is a guarantor of the Dayton Peace                  Bosnia and Herzegovina’s citizens.
Agreement, which was instrumental in putting an
                                                                    Serbia will remain an eager and reliable partner
end to the tragic conflicts in Bosnia and Herzegovina
                                                               in achieving ever-more dynamic cooperation in the
more than 20 years ago. The Agreement also laid the
                                                               interests of both countries. We continue to invite
foundation for the peaceful and stable future of its
                                                               dialogue at all levels and promote bilateral relations.
peoples and, very important, for their reconciliation. It
                                                               Regular contacts have also been maintained at the
is our firm belief that that Agreement also continues to
be the basis of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s progress in           working level and concrete questions requiring joint
the future.                                                    efforts have been identified. Those questions are
                                                               also expected to be addressed upon the completion
     As a staunch advocate of the sovereignty and              of the electoral process and the establishment of new
territorial integrity of States in the conduct of              institutions. In that connection, Serbia stands ready
international relations, my country has also been guided       not only to maintain its level of cooperation but also
by that principle in its respect for the sovereignty and       improve it, together with the central authorities of
territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The
                                                               Bosnia and Herzegovina, and to intensify its relations
development and stability of that country within the
                                                               with the Republika of Srpska and conduct those
framework defined by the Dayton Agreement has
                                                               relations in a transparent way, in accordance with the
always been of the utmost importance to Serbia, given
                                                               Dayton Agreement, and to expand cooperation with the
that Bosnia and Herzegovina is also home to 1.5 million
Serbs. After all, it is only through political stability and   Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
economic development that the country can ensure                    Serbia continues to be interested in furthering
progress to all of its constituent peoples and become a        economic cooperation with Bosnia and Herzegovina,
prosperous country and reliable partner of the region.         especially in the fields of investment, joint ventures,
    More than two decades after the signing of the             energy and infrastructure, among others. The trade
Dayton Agreement and the establishment of Bosnia               exchange between the two countries is robust and
and Herzegovina as a sovereign independent State, the          increasing; it is expected to reach the €2 billion
key role of dialogue and consensus has been paramount          mark by the end of this year. Having invested over €l
in addressing all of the issues among the country’s            billion, Serbia is one of the largest investors in Bosnia
three constituent peoples and two entities. Those are          and Herzegovina.


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    Consolidation rather than enlargement may be the            Croatia would like to see Bosnia and Herzegovina
ongoing priority of the European Union. We in the           as a member of the European Union and NATO and
Western Balkans, however, have been emboldened              as a country where genuine institutional and political
by the messages from Brussels that the continuation         equality among three constituent peoples — Bosniaks,
of the policy of enlargement in our region is a stable      Croats and Serbs — and all citizens is not only
process and that new regional memberships are even          guaranteed on paper but implemented in practice
being envisaged before 2025. Serbia is ready to share       as well.
its experience on the integration process and with              At the previous Council meeting on this matter
respect to the negotiation chapters available to Bosnia     in May, Croatia cautioned that the period ahead of us
and Herzegovina. We wish our neighbour and partner          would be of key importance for the future development
success in its reform and accession processes.              of Bosnia and Herzegovina (see S/PV.8248). On
     Serbia is one of the strongest proponents of           7 October, general elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina
regional cooperation. Political and economic stability      were held in an overall orderly manner and without
                                                            major incident. We note that the elections were assessed
is in the common interests of all of us in South-East
                                                            as genuinely competitive by international observers.
Europe. Relentless in its efforts to create even better
conditions to bring about economic growth and                   However, we have witnessed that in those elections
increase the living standards of the population of the      the fundamental principle of the full equality of three
region, my country will not be deterred by occasional       constituent peoples was not respected. Once again,
divergent and disruptive messages, which we believed        in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, a more
belonged to the past. Instead, we shall continue to         numerous constituent people chose the representative
work hard towards promoting stability, development          of the smaller one. Contrary to the Bosnia and
and good-neighbourliness in the region, particularly        Herzegovina Constitution and democratic standards,
with Bosnia and Herzegovina, with the aim of bringing       Croats were deprived of the opportunity to elect their
about prosperity and a better future on both sides of the   member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Drina River.                                                That runs contrary to the Dayton Peace Agreement.
                                                            It will not contribute to overcoming the legacy of the
    The President (spoke in Chinese): I now give the        past or to the better functioning of the country, and
floor to the representative of Croatia.                     neither will it strengthen the democratic standards
    Mr. Drobnjak (Croatia): Croatia welcomes this           and respect for the rights of all citizens. Quite to the
                                                            contrary, that misuse of the election process has the
opportunity to discuss the situation in Bosnia and
                                                            potential to further burden relations among peoples
Herzegovina. At the outset, I would like to welcome the
                                                            and lead to the loss of trust among ordinary citizens in
High Representative, Mr. Valentin Inzko, and thank him
                                                            democratic institutions. Nothing could jeopardize the
for his report (S/2018/974, annex) and briefing today.
                                                            future of Bosnia and Herzegovina more than creating
     High Representative Inzko pointed out in his report    such misbalances among constituent peoples.
that the Dayton Agreement guarantees the sovereignty            Croatia has continuously pointed out, including
and territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the    through our statements in this very Chamber, the
internal constitutional position of the entities and that   complexity of the political and legal fabric in Bosnia
three constituent peoples are equal. That should be our     and Herzegovina, which requires constant attention
point of departure for today’s debate.                      and carefully designed solutions. Regrettably, it seems
    As the only European Union member State                 that on too many occasions there has not been enough
neighbouring Bosnia and Herzegovina, and one of             understanding and willingness to appropriately address
its main trade and investment partners, as well as a        the crucial problems of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
signatory of the Dayton Peace Agreement, Croatia                As we emphasized in our statement in May, the
has a special responsibility and interest in the overall    Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina
well-being and stability of Bosnia and Herzegovina.         confirmed that the legitimate and proportional
Relations with Bosnia and Herzegovina are therefore         representation of three constituent peoples at all levels is
one of Croatia’s foreign-policy priorities.                 the overarching principle enshrined in the Constitution


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of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Croatia fully respects the        political representation and to work together towards
constitutional framework of Bosnia and Herzegovina as        the country’s institutional stability. That institutional
a federal State in which the three constituent peoples,      stability is crucial for Bosnia and Herzegovina to
along with the others and all citizens, should be equal      meet in full its obligations arising from the European
at all political and administrative levels.                  integration process.
     The pending reform of the election law and all              Croatia has always been ready to assist Bosnia
further institutional reforms in Bosnia and Herzegovina      and Herzegovina in improving its institutional
should respect that fact. It is of key importance to         and administrative capacity and fulfilling all the
embark on reform of the election law without delay in        requirements on the path towards integration into
order to avoid possible similar electoral engineering in     the European Union. We encourage our friend and
the future. By the same token, the latest election results   neighbour to proceed without delay with the reforms
need to be implemented in line with the Constitutional       in many fields, including the judiciary, the fight
Court decision on legitimate and proportional                against corruption, economic reforms, efficient border
representation, whether that is done based on an ad hoc      management, as well as the fight against political
solution or a permanent solution.                            radicalism and elements of religious extremism.
                                                             Advancement in those processes is not only the best
    The refusal to implement the decision of the             investment in the country’s future, but also a way to
Constitutional Court on the reform of the election law       help it overcome difficult burdens of the past.
jeopardizes the stability of Bosnia and Herzegovina,
leaving open space for further political manipulations.          Taking into account the political and security
It cannot be overstated: the principle of the equality       situation on the ground and the importance of
of Bosniaks, Croats and Serbs represents the very            maintaining a safe and secure environment, Croatia
foundation on which Bosnia and Herzegovina is built.         voices its support for the European Union’s Operation
                                                             Althea and the mandate entrusted to it by the Council.
     We now expect that all political leaders in Bosnia
and Herzegovina will assume their responsibilities                Croatia strongly encourages the three new members
and engage in the formation of the parliaments and           of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina to work in
Governments at all levels, by working constructively         the interests of their country, with particular sensitivity
together, in the interests of the constituent peoples        for the constituent peoples they represent, but also to
and all citizens of their country. In that respect,          rise above entity-focused and nationalist politics and
finding a domestic solution to enable the formation          reach out to all citizens. We expect the Presidency
of the Federation House of Peoples and other political       and the new Governments to uphold the common
institutions dependent upon its formation, as required by    principles of the rule of law, respect for diversity and
Bosnia and Herzegovina Constitutional Court rulings,         the commitment to lasting reconciliation, in a true
is of the utmost importance. Other election-related          European spirit.
issues, including provisions for holding local elections          Finally, as the strongest supporter and advocate
in Mostar and the Bosnia and Herzegovina presidency,         of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s stability, prosperity and
should also be immediately addressed.                        territorial integrity, Croatia advocates, and will continue
                                                             to do so, for a strong and permanent focus on Bosnia
    As the strongest supporter and advocate of Bosnia
                                                             and Herzegovina at the European and international
and Herzegovina’s stability, prosperity and territorial
                                                             levels, this Chamber included. A sovereign, peaceful,
integrity, Croatia will continue to support Bosnia and
                                                             stable and prosperous Bosnia and Herzegovina — a
Herzegovina as a sovereign and united country, at the
                                                             multiethnic country of three equal constituent peoples
European and international levels. Its future depends
                                                             and all citizens — was, is and should remain our
on the ability of three constituent peoples to embark
                                                             strategic goal.
together on a progressive and modern platform that
embraces the highest democratic standards of legitimate          The meeting rose at noon.




18-3625021/21

Voting Summary
Yes: 015 | No: 000 | Abstentions: 000 | Non-Voting: 000 | Total voting membership: 015
Y BOLIVIA (PLURINATIONAL STATE OF)
Y CHINA
Y CÔTE D'IVOIRE
Y EQUATORIAL GUINEA
Y ETHIOPIA
Y FRANCE
Y KAZAKHSTAN
Y KUWAIT
Y NETHERLANDS
Y PERU
Y POLAND
Y RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Y SWEDEN
Y UNITED KINGDOM
Y UNITED STATES