Security Council resolution 360 (1974) [recording its formal disapproval of the unilateral military actions undertaken against Cyprus]
Symbol: S/RES/360(1974)
Date: 1974-08-16
Meeting record: S/PV.1794
Subjects: MILITARY ACTIVITY|TROOP WITHDRAWAL|INTERCOMMUNAL NEGOTIATIONS|ARMED INCIDENTS|CYPRUS|CYPRUS QUESTION
Notes: Records its formal disapproval of the unilateral military actions undertaken against Cyprus.
In: Resolutions and decisions of the Security Council, 1974. - S/INF/30. - 1975. - p. 9. - (SCOR, 29th year).

Resolution 360 (1974)
of 16 August 1974

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolutions 353 (1974) of 20 July, 354
(1974) of 23 July, 355 (1974) of 1 August, 357
(1974) of 14 August and 358 (1974) of 15 August
1974,

Noting that ail States have declared their respect
for the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Republic of Cyprus,

Gravely concerned at the deterioration of the situation in Cyprus, resulting from the further military
operations, which constituted a most serious threat to
peace and security in the Eastern Mediterranean area,

1. Records its formal disapproval of the unilateral
military actions undertaken against the Republic of
Cyprus;

2. Urges the parties to comply with all the provisions of previous resolutions of the Security Council,
including those concerning the withdrawal without
delay from the Republic of Cyprus of foreign military
personnel] present otherwise than under the authority
of international agreements;

3. Urges the parties to resume without delay, in an
atmosphere of constructive co-operation, the negotiations called for in resolution 353 (1974) whose outcome should not be impeded or prejudged by the
acquisition of advantages resulting from military
operations;

4. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the
Council, as necessary, with a view to the possible adoptian of further measures designed to promote the resoration of peaceful conditions;

5. Decides to remain seized of the question permanently and to meet at any time to consider measures
which may be required in the light of the developing
situation.

Adopted at the 1794th meeting by 11 votes to none
with 3 abstentions (Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Iraq, Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics) 28

28 One member (China) did not participate in the voting.

Texto español (official Spanish version): el personal de la Fuerza de las Naciones Unidas para
el Mantenimiento de la Paz en Chipre, como consecuencia directa de las actividades militares que aún
prosiguen en Chipre,

Recordando que la Fuerza de las Naciones Unidas
fue estacionada en Chipre con el pleno consentimiento
de los Gobiernos de Chipre, Turquía y Grecia,

Teniendo presente que en la resolución 355 (1974),
de 1% de agosto de 1974, el Consejo de Seguridad pidió
al Secretario General que tomara las medidas apropiadas a la luz de la declaración que había formulado en
la 1788a. sesión del Consejo, en la que se refirió al
papel, las funciones y los efectivos de la Fuerza y las
cuestiones conexas planteadas por los acontecimientos
políticos más recientes respecto de Chipre,

1. Lamenta profundamente el hecho de que haya
habido muertos o heridos entre los miembros de la
Fuerza de las Naciones Unidas para el Mantenimiento
de la Paz en Chipre;

2. Exige que todas las partes interesadas respeten
plenamente la condición internacional de la Fuerza de
las Naciones Unidas y se abstengan de adoptar cualquier medida que pueda poner en peligro la vida o la
seguridad de sus miembros;

3. Insta a las partes interesadas a demostrar de
manera firme, clara e inequívoca su disposición a cumplir los compromisos que han contraído a este respecto;

4. Exige además que todas las partes cooperen con
la Fuerza de las Naciones Unidas en el cumplimiento
de sus tareas, inclusive las funciones humanitarias, en
todas las zonas de Chipre y con respecto a todos los
sectores de la población de la isla;

5. Destaca el principio fundamental de que la condición y la seguridad de los miembros de la Fuerza de las
Naciones Unidas para el Mantenimiento de la Paz en
Chipre y, evidentemente, de cualquier otra fuerza de
las Naciones Unidas para el mantenimiento de la paz,
deben ser respetadas por las partes en toda circunstancia.

Aprobada en la 1793a. sesión por 14 votos contra
ninguno”.

Resolución 360 (1974)
de 16 de agosto de 1974

El Consejo de Seguridad,

Recordando sus resoluciones 353 (1974) de 20 de
julio, 354 (1974) de 23 de julio, 355 (1974) de 1” de
agosto, 357 (1974) de 14 de agosto y 358 (1974)
de 15 de agosto de 1974,

Observando que todos los Estados han afirmado su
respeto por la soberanía, la independencia y la integridad territorial de la República de Chipre,

Vivamente preocupado por la agravación de la situación en Chipre, como consecuencia de las nuevas operaciones militares, agravación que representa una ame-

27 Un miembro (China) no participó en la votación.

naza sumamente seria para la paz y la seguridad en el
Mediterráneo oriental,

1. Desaprueba formalmente las acciones militares
unilaterales emprendidas contra la República de Chipre;

2. Insta a las partes a respetar todas las disposisiones de sus resoluciones anteriores, inclusive las relativas al retiro sin demora del territorio de la Repú-
plica de Chipre de todo el personal militar extranjero,
salvo el destacado allí en virtud de acuerdos internacionales;

3. Insta alas partes a reanudar sin demora, en una
atmósfera de cooperación constructiva, las negociaciones solicitadas en la resolución 353 (1974), negociaciones cuyo resultado no debe ser ni obstaculizado ni
prejuzgado por la adquisición de ventajas derivadas de
las operaciones militares;

4. Pide al Secretario General que le presente, si es
necesario, un informe, con miras a la posible adopción
de muevas medidas en pro del restablecimiento de
condiciones pacíficas;

5. Decide seguir examinando la cuestión y mantenerse pronto para reunirse de inmediato a fin de examinar las medidas que exija la evolución de la situación.

Aprobada en la 1794a, sesión por 11 votos contra
ninguno y 3 abstenciones
(Irak, República Socialista
Soviética de Bielorrusia y
Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas)?8,

Resolución 361 (1974)
de 30 de agosto de 1974

El Consejo de Seguridad,

Consciente de las responsabilidades especiales que
recaen en él en virtud de la Carta de las Naciones
Unidas,

Recordando sus resoluciones 186 (1964) de 4 de
marzo de 1964, 353 (1974) de 20 de julio, 354
(1974) de 23 de julio, 355 (1974) de 1*% de agosto,
357 (1974) de 14 de agosto, 358 (1974) y 359 (1974)
de 15 de agosto y 360 (1974) de 16 de agosto de
1974,

Observando que gran número de personas en Chipre
han sido desplazadas y tienen urgente necesidad de
asistencia humanitaria,

Teniendo presente el hecho de que uno de los propósitos más importantes de las Naciones Unidas es
prestar asistencia humanitaria en situaciones como la
que reina actualmente en la isla,

Observando también que el Alto Comisionado de
las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados ya ha sido
nombrado Coordinador de la Asistencia Humanitaria
de las Naciones Unidas para Chipre, con la tarea de
coordinar el socorro que han de proporcionar los programas y organismos de las Naciones Unidas y otras
fuentes,

28 Un miembro (China) no participó en la votación.

Texte français (official French version): 5. Souligne le principe fondamental selon lequel le
statut et la sécurité des membres de la Force des
Nations Unies chargée du maintien de la paix à Chypre,
et d’ailleurs de toute force de maintien de la paix des
Nations Unies, doivent être respectés par les parties en
toutes circonstances.

Adoptée à la 1793° séance par
14 voix contre zéro?T.

Résolution 360 (1974)
du 16 août 1974

Le Conseil de sécurité,

Rappelant ses résolutions 353 (1974) du 20 juillet,
354 (1974) du 23 juillet, 355 (1974) du 1 août,
357 (1974) du 14 août et 358 (1974) du 15 août
1974,

Notant que tous les Etats ont affirmé leur respect
pour la souveraineté, l’indépendance et l’intégrité territoriale de la République de Chypre,

Vivement préoccupé par l’aggravation de la situation
à Chypre, telle qu’elle est résultée des nouvelles opérations militaires, aggravation qui fait peser une très sé-
rieuse menace sur la paix et la sécurité en Méditerranée
orientale,

1. Désapprouve formellement les actions militaires
unilatérales entreprises contre la République de Chypre;

2. Invite instamment les parties à respecter toutes
les dispositions de ses résolutions antérieures, y compris
celles qui concernent le retrait sans délai du territoire
de la République de Chypre de tous les militaires étrangers qui s’y trouvent autrement qu’en vertu d’accords
internationaux;

3. Invite instamment les parties à reprendre sans
délai, dans une atmosphère de coopération constructive,
les négociations demandées par la résolution 353
(1974), négociations dont l’aboutissement ne doit être
ni entravé ni préjugé par la prise de gages résultant des
opérations militaires;

4, Demande au Secrétaire général de lui faire rapport en tant que de besoin en vue de l’adoption éventuelle de nouvelles mesures destinées à favoriser le
rétablissement de conditions pacifiques;

5. Décide de demeurer saisi en permanence de la
question et de se réunir à tout moment pour examiner
les mesures qu’exigerait l’évolution de la situation.

Adoptée à la 17946 séance par
1] voix contre zéro, avec
3 abstentions (Irak, République
socialiste soviétique de Biélorussie et Union des Républiques socialistes soviétiques)?8.

27 L’un des membres (Chine) n’a pas participé au vote.
28 L'un des membres (Chine) n’a pas participé au vote.

Résolution 361 (1974)
du 30 août 1974

Le Conseil de sécurité,

Conscient des responsabilités spéciales qui lui incombent en vertu de la Charte des Nations Unies,

Rappelant ses résolutions 186 (1964) du 4 mars
1964, 353 (1974) du 20 juillet, 354 (1974) du 23 juillet, 355 (1974) du 1 août, 357 (1974) du 14 août,
358 (1974) et 359 (1974) du 15 août et 360 (1974)
du 16 août 1974,

Notant que de nombreux habitants de Chypre ont
été déplacés et ont le plus grand besoin d’une assistance
humanitaire,

Conscient du fait que l’un des premiers objectifs de
l'Organisation des Nations Unies est de fournir une
assistance humanitaire dans des situations comme celle
qui règne actuellement à Chypre,

Notant également que le Haut Commissaire des
Nations Unies pour les réfugiés a déjà été nommé coordonnateur de l’assistance humanitaire des Nations Unies
à Chypre ct chargé de coordonner les secours qui
doivent être fournis par les programmes et organismes
des Nations Unies et par d’autres sources,

Ayant examiné le rapport du Secrétaire général
publié sous la cote S/11473”,

1. Exprime sa satisfaction au Secrétaire général pour
le rôle qu’il a joué en amorçant des entretiens entre les
dirigeants des deux communautés à Chypre;

2. Se félicite vivement de ce progrès et demande
aux intéressés de poursuivre activement les entretiens
avec l’aide du Secrétaire général et en songeant aux
intérêts du peuple chypriote tout entier;

3. Invite toutes les parties à faire tout ce qui est
en leur pouvoir pour atténuer les souffrances humaines,
assurer le respect ces droits fondamentaux de toutes les
personnes et s'ai-tenir de toute action qui risquerait
d’aggraver la situation;

4. Exprime sa profonde préoccupation devant la
détresse des réfugiés et autres personnes déplacées du
fait de la situation à Chypre et prie instamment les
parties intéressées, conjointement avec le Secrétaire
général, de rechercher des solutions pacifiques aux problèmes des réfugiés et de prendre des mesures appropriées pour les secourir et améliorer leur sort et pour
permettre aux personnes qui le souhaitent de rentrer
dans leurs foyers en toute sécurité;

5. Prie le Secrétaire général de présenter dès que
possible un rapport complet sur la situation des réfugiés
et autres personnes visées au paragraphe 4 ci-dessus et
décide de suivre constamment ladite situation;

6. Prie en outre le Secrétaire général de continuer
à fournir une assistance humanitaire d’urgence des
Nations Unies à toutes les sections de la population de
l’île qui en ont besoin;

7. Demande à toutes les parties, en témoignage de
bonne foi, de prendre, tant individuellement qu’en
coopération les unes avec les autres, toutes les mesures
de nature à promouvoir des négociations générales et
fructueuses;

29 Voir Documents officiels du Conseil de sécurité, vinetneuvième année, Supplément de juillet, août et septembre 1974.

Русский текст (official Russian version): Ад4.24 ин 25, среди персонала Вооруженных сил
Организации Объединенных Наций по поддер-
жанню мира на Кнпре увеличивается число
жертв, как непосредственный результат военных
действий, которые все еще продолжаются на
Кипре,

напоминая, что Вооруженные силы Организа-
ции Объединенных Наций были расположены на
Кипре се полного согласия правительств Книра,
Турции и Греции,

учитывая, что в резолюции 355 (1974) от 1 ав-
густа 1974 года Совет Безопасности предложил
Генеральному секретарю принять соответствую-
щие меры в свете его заявления на 1788-м засе-
дании Совета, в котором он говорил о роли,
функциях ин численности Вооруженных сил и
связанных с этим вопросах. возникающих в ре-
зультате самых последних политических собы-
тий в связи с Кипром,

1. глубоко сожалеет о том, что среди персона-
ла Вооруженных сил Организации Объединен-
ных Наций по поддержанию мира на Кипре нме-
ются убитые и раненые;

2. требует, чтобы все заинтересованные сторо-
ны полностью соблюдали международный ста-
тус Вооруженных сил Организации Объединен-
ных Наций и воздерживались от любых дейст-
вий, которые могли бы поставить под угрозу
жизнь п безопасность их персонала:

3. настоятельно призывает заинтересованные
стороны твердо, четко и недвусмысленно проде-
монстрировать свою готовность ВЫПОЛНЯТЬ ВЗяЯ-
тые на себя обязательства в этом отношении;

4. требует далее, чтобы все стороны сотрудни-
чали с Вооруженными силами Организации Объ-

единенных Наций при выполнении их — задач,
включая гуманные функции, во всех районах
Кипра и в отношении всех групи населения
Книра:

5. подчеркивает основополагающий — принции,

согласно которому статус ип безопасность персо-
нала Вооруженных сил Организации Объединен-
ных Наций по поддержанию мира на Кипре, и
тем самым любых вооруженных сил Организа-
ции Объединенных Наций по поддержанию ми-
ра, должны соблюдаться сторонами при всех 0б-
стоятельствах.

Принята на 1793-м заседа-
нии (4 голосами, причем ни-
кто не голосовал против ®'.

Резолюция 360 (1974)
от 16 августа 1974 года

Совет Безопасности,

напоминая о свонх резолюциях 353 (1974) от
20 тюля, 354 (1974) от 23 нюля, 355 (1974) от

#? Один член Совета

ВвоВал.

(Китай) в голосовании ие участ-

9

| августа, 357 (1974) от 14 августа п 358 (1974)
от 15 августа 1974 года,

отмечая, что все государства заявили о своем
уважении суверенитета, независимости и терри-
ториальной целостности Республики Кипр.

будучи серьезно обеспокоен ухудшением поло-
жения на Кипре в результате дальнейших воен
ных операций, которое создало весьма серьезную
угрозу миру и безопасности в Восточном Среди-
земноморьс,

|. отмечает свое официальное неодобрение по
поводу односторонних военных действий, пред-
принятых против Республики Кипр:

2. настоятельно призывает стороны выполнить
все положения предыдущих резолюций Совета
Безопасности, включая резолюции о безотлага-
тельном выводе с территории Республики Кипр
всего присутствующего там иностранного воен-
ного персонала, помимо персонала, находящего-
ся там в соответствии © международными со-
глашеннями:

3. настоятельно призывает стороны
гательно возобновить переговоры в атмосфере
конструктивного сотрудничества в соответствии
с резолюцией 353 (1974), исход которых не дол-
жен быть затруднен или предопределен преиму-
ществами, достигнутыми в результате военных
операций:

безотла-

4. предлагает Генеральному секретарю по ме-
ре необходимости представлять доклады Совету
с целью возможного принятия дальнейших мер,
направленных на содействие — восстановлению
мирных условий;

5. постановляет держать этот вопрос под по-
стоянным наблюдением ин собираться в любое
время для рассмотрения мер, которых может по-
требовать развитие положения.

Принята на 1794-м заседа-
нии 1 голосами при 83 вогз-
державшихся ‘Белорусская
Советская Социалистичес-
кая Республика, Ирак, Со-
юз Советских Социалисти-
ческих Республик), причем
никто не голосовал про-
тив ?®.

Резолюция 361 (1974)
от 30 августа 1974 года

Совет Безопасности, С

сознавая свою особую ответственность но \с-
таву Организации Объединенных Наций,

напоминая о своих резолюциях 186 (1964) от
4 марта 1964 года, 353 (1974) от 20 июля, 354
(1974) от 23 июля. 355 (1974) от 1 августа, 357
(1974) от 14 августа, 358 (1974) ин 359 (1974)
от 15 августа ин 360 (1974) от 16 августа 1071
года,

28 Один
вовал.
Г]

член Совета (Китай) в голосовании не учает-

中文文本 (official Chinese version): 一 九 七 四 年 八 月 十 五 日
第 358(1974) 号 决议

对 塞 洽 路 斯 坝 内 继续 发 生 思 力行 为 称 流 和 直 ， 寺 各
关切 ，

对 再 事例 第 357(1974) 号 决 议 未 获 遵 守 , 草 裘 建 鳃 ，

1. 莉 若 其 一 九 七 四 年 七 月 二 十 月 第 353(1974)
号 、 七 月 二 十 三 月 第 354(1974) 号 、 八 月 一 日 第 355
(1974) 号 和 八 月 十 四 日 第 357 (1974) 号 决议 ;

2， 揽 决 变 屿 所 有 各 方 充分 执行 上 述 各 项 决议 ，
立即 严格 遵守 停火 。

第 一 七 九 三 次 食 议 一 至 通过 。

一 九 七 四 年 八 月 十 五 日
第 359(1974) 号 决议

安全 静 事 金 ，

从 秘书 长 关于 塞 清 路 斯 事态 发 展 的 报告 ,@ 特别
是 S111353/Add.24 和 25 号 报告 ， 美 雪 纵 和 人 意 疾 由 于
军事 行动 仍 在 塞 请 路 斯 炙 续 进行 ， 以 致 联合 图 驻 赛 捕
路 斯 维持 和 平 痢 队 人 员 的 伤亡 日 青 增加 ，

者 尖 联 合 国 驻 客 请 路 斯 维持 和 平 部 队 是 经 周 清 路
斯 、 土 耳 其 和 本 购 三 国政 府 充分 网 意 才 驻 在 塞浦路斯
的 ，

念 及 安全 理事 会 一 九 七 四 年 八 月 一 日 第 355
《1974) 号 决议 请 黎 书 长 参照 他 在 理事 会 第 一 七 八 八 次
会 议 上 关于 联合 国 驻 塞浦路斯 维持 和 平 部 队 的 作用 、
任务 和 人 数 以 及 关于 塞浦路斯 最 近 政 治 发 展 所 产生 的
有 关 问 题 等 所 作 的 说 明 ， 采 取 适 当 行 动 ，

1. 瘤 异 联合 国 驻 塞 捕 路 斯 维持 和 平 部 队 人 员 的
死亡 和 受伤

2， 品 农 所 有 有 关 各 方 充分 尊重 联合 国 驻 塞 清 路

仿 参 看 《安全 理事 会 正式 记录 , 第 二 十 九 年 , 一 九 七 四 年 七
月 、 八 月 和 九 月 份 补 编 ?， 第 3S/11353 号 文件 和 附录。

斯 维持 和 平 部 队 的 国际 地 位 ， 不 得 采取 任何 可 能 危及
其 人 员 的 生命 和 安全 的 行动 !

3 介 铺 各 有 关 方 面 以 坚定 、 明 确 和 霉 不 含糊 的
态度 表明 它们 愿意 懂行 它们 在 这 方面 已 承担 的 义务 ;

4 进一步 要 求 所 有 各 方 与 联合 国 驻 塞浦路斯 维
持 和 平 部 队 合作 以 便 在 塞浦路斯 断 有 地 区 并 对 塞 浦 路
斯 各 部 分 人 民 执 行 其 任务 ， 包 括 人 道 方面 的 任务 在
内 ，

5 鸡 负 联合国 驻 囊 浦 路 斯 维持 和 平 部 队 人 员 的
地 位 和 安全 一 一 推 而 言 之 ， 联 合 国 任何 维持 和 平 部 队
的 地 位 和 安全 一 一 必须 在 一 切 情 况 下 得 到 各 方 尊重 的
基本 原则 。

第 一 七 九 三 次 会 议 以 十 四 录 对 零 村 通过 。 加

一 九 七 四 年 八 月 二 六 日
第 360(1974) 号 决议

安全 更 事 金 ，

草原 其 一 九 七 四 年 七 月 二 十 日 第 353(1974) 号 ,七
月 二 十 三 日 第 354 (1974) 号 、 八 月 一 日 第 355 (1974)
号 、 八 月 十 四 日 第 357(1974) 号 和 八 月 十 五 日 第 358
(1974) 号 决议 ，

泪 意 副 各 国都 已 声明 它们 亲 重 塞浦路斯 的 主 权 、
独立 和 领土 完整 ，

深 铀 美 怀 由 于 进一步 的 军事 行动 ， 致 使 塞浦路斯
的 局 势 球 化 ， 十 分 严重 地 厂 胁 到 东 地 中 海区 域 的 和 平
和 安全 ，

1， 正 或 袁 录 不 同意 对 塞浦路斯 共和 国 采取 的 片
面 军事 行动 !

2， 促请 各 方 遵 守 以 前 安全 理事 会 各 项 决议 的 所
有 规定 ， 包 括 关 于 所 有 外 国 军事 人 员 ， 除 了 国际 协定
规定 的 以 外 ， 全 部 立即 从 塞浦路斯 共和 国 领 土 撤 出 的
规定 ;

3 候 请 各 方 立 即 在 建设 性 的 合作 气氛 下 重 开 第

久 一 理事 国 ( 中 国 ) 未 参加 投票 。
355 (1974) 号 决议 要 求 的 谈判 ， 不 应 因为 军事 行动 取
得 的 优势 而 妨碍 或 预先 断定 谈判 的 成 果 ，

4， 铺 秘 书 长 必要 时 向 理事 会 提出 报告 ， 以 便 可
佛 采 取 进 一 步 的 措施 ， 促 使 恢复 和 平 情况 ，

5. 决定 继续 处 理 此 问题 ， 并 随时 召开 会 议 ， 以
根据 情况 的 发 展 ， 审 议 需 要 采取 的 措施 。

第 一 七 九 四 次 会 议 以 十 一 村

对 零 景 三 票 (白俄罗斯

苏 维 霹 社 会 主义 共和 国 、

伊拉克 和 苏维埃 社会 主义

共和 国联 盟 ) 弃 权 通 过 。 久

一 九 七 四 年 八 月 三 十 日
第 361(1974) 号 决议

安全 理事 会 ，
认识 副 它 依照 联合 国 宪章 所 负 的 特别 责任 ，

固原 其 一 九 六 四 年 三 月 四 日 第 186(1964) 号 .一 九
七 四 年 七 月 二 十 日 第 353(1974) 号、 七 月 二 十 三 日 第
354(1974) 号 、 八 月 一 日 第 355(1974) 号 、 八 月 十 四 日
第 357(1974) 号 、 八 月 十 五 日 第 358(1974) 号 和 第 359
(1974) 号 和 八 月 十 六 日 第 360 (1974) 号 决议 ，

注意 到 岛 上 有 很 多 人 流离 失 所 ， 迫 切 需要 人 道 援
助 ，

念 及 联合 国 首要 的 目的 之 一 是 在 目前 塞浦路斯 所
处 的 一 类 情况 下 ， 给 予 人 道 援助 ，

又 注意 到 联合 国难 民事 务 高 级 专员 已 被 任命 为 联
合 国 塞浦路斯 人 道 援助 协调 专员 ， 担 任 协 调 将 由 联合
国 各 项 方案 和 机 构 以 及 其 他 方面 提供 的 救济 援助 的 任
务 ，

审议 了 S/11473 号 文件 艺 所 载 的 秘书 长 报告 ，
1. 对 秘书 长 在 促成 塞浦路斯 两 社区 领袖 间 谈 判
方面 所 起 的 作用 表示 站 赏 ，

入 一 理 风 (中国 ) 术 参加 投票 。
甸 参 看 《安全 理事 会 正式 记录 ， 第 一 | 九 年
七 月 、 八 月 和 九 月 份 补 编 》。

- 九 了 上 四 年

2 热烈 欢迎 这 项 发 展 ， 并 要 求 有 关 方 面 在 秘书
长 的 协助 下 ， 为 了 塞浦路斯 全 体 人 民 的 利益 ， 积 极地
进行 谈判 ，

3. 要 求 所 有 各 方 竭力 减轻 人 的 痛苦 ， 确 保 每 一
个 人 的 基本 人 权 受 到 尊重 ， 并 且 不 采取 可 能 使 局 势 亚
化 的 尾 何 行动 ;

4. 对 难民 和 其 他 由 于 塞浦路斯 局 势 而 流离 失 所
的 人 所 处 的 困难 境况 ， 囊 示 严 重 关切 ， 并 促请 有 关 方
面 与 秘书 长 共同 寻求 和 平 解 决 难民 问题 的 办 法 ， 并 采
取 适 当 措施 为 他 们 提供 救济 和 福利 和 让 愿意 回 返 的 人
能 够 安全 回 到 家 园 ;

5 请 秘书 长 尽 速 就 难民 和 上 文 第 4 段 所 提 及 的
其 他 的 人 的 情况 ， 提 出 一 个 全 面 报告 ， 并 决定 经 常 审
查 这 方面 的 情况 ;

6. 并 请 秘书 长 对 需要 联合 国 紧 急 人 道 援助 的 岛
上 所 有 各 部 分 的 人 继续 提供 这 种 援助

7. 村 求 所 有 各 方 ， 个 别 地 或 互相 合作 采取 一 切
可 能 促进 全 面 和 成 功 的 谈判 的 步 双 ， 以 玫 示 具有 诚
意 ，

8. 再 次 促请 所 有 各 方 同 联合 国 驻 塞浦路斯 维持
和 平 部 队 充 分 合作 ， 以 便 执 行 其 任务 ，

9. 事 示 深信 本 决议 各 项 规定 的 迅速 执行 将 有 助
于 在 塞浦路斯 达成 满意 的 解决 办 法 。

第 一 七 九 五 次 会 议 一 臻 通过。

决 定

一 九 七 四 年 十 一 月 十 三 日 理事 会 第 一 八 一 〇 次 会
议决 定 坟 请 塞浦路斯 、 土 耳 其 和 希腊 代表 参加 讨论 下
列 项 目 ， 无 投票 权 : “塞浦路斯 局 势 ， 秘 书 长 关于 联
合 国 塞浦路斯 行动 的 报告 ($S111568)”。 蜗

同 次 会 议 理 事 会 并 决定 依据 理事 会 暂行 议事 规则
第 三 十 九条 邀请 维 达 特 ， 切 里 克 先 生 。

生 辣 上 《一 万 上 四 年 下 月， 于 和 个 用 份 补 纲 ?。


Draft resolution (S/11450/Rev.2):
u

UNITED NATIONS

SECURITY
COUNCIL

Distr.
GENERAL

S/11450/Rev.2

16 August 197k
ENGLISH

ORIGINAL: FRENCH

France: revised draft resolution

The Security Council,

Recalling its resolutions 353 (1974), 354 (1974), 255 (1974), 357 (1974) and
358 (197L), |

Noting that all States have declared their respect for the sovereignty,
independence and territorial integrity of the Republic of Cyprus,

Gravely concerned at the deterioration of the situation in Cyprus,
resulting from the further military operations, which constituted a most serious
threat to peace and security in the Eastern Mediterranean area,

1. Records its formal disapproval of the unilateral military actions
undertaken against the Republic of Cyprus;

2, Urges the parties to comply with all the provisions of previous
resolutions of the Security Council, including those concerning the withdrawal
without delay from the Republic of Cyprus of foreign military personnel present
otherwise than under the authority of international agreements;

3. Urges the parties to resume without delay, in an atmosphere of
constructive co-operation, the negotiations called for in resolution 353 (197k)
whose outcome should not be impeded or prejudged by the acquisition of sdvanteges
resulting from military operations;

by, Requests the Secretary-General to report to it as necessary with a
view to the possible adoption of further measures designed to promote the
restorstion of peaceful conditions;

5. Decides to remain permanently seized of the question and to meet at any

time to consider measures which may be required in the light of the developing
situation.

T4~21959

Meeting record:
fog:

UNITED NATIONS { \
wy

SECURITY COUNCIL
OFFICIAL RECORDS

TWENTY -NINTH YEAR

th
1794 MEETING: 16 AUGUST 1974

UN LIBRARY

NEW YORK
AG 1983
UN/SA COLLATION
CONTENTS
Page
Provisional agenda (S/Agenda/1794) ......coi iii 1
Adoption of the agenda .......co viii i 1

The situation in Cyprus:

(a) Letter dated 16 July 1974 from the Secretary-General to the President
of the Security’ Council (S/11334);

(hb) Letter dated 16 July 1974 from the Permanent Representative of Cyprus
to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council
(S/113335);

(¢) Letter dated 20 July 1974 from the Permament Representative of Greece
to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council
(S/11348):

(d) Letter dated 28 July 1974 from the Acting Permanent Representative of
the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to the United Nations addressed
to the President of the Security Council (S/11389);

(¢) Letter dated 13 August 1974 from the Permanent Representative of Cyprus
to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council
(8/11444);

(f) Letter dated 13 August [974 from the Permanent Representative of Greece
to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council
(SAAS) I

SIPV. 1794
NOTE

Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters com.
bined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United
Nations document.

Documents of the Security Council (symbol §/...) are normally published in
quarterly Supplements of the Official Records of the Security Council. The date
of the document indicates the supplement in which it appears or in which information about it is given.

The resolutions of the Security Council, numbered in accordance with a
system adopted in 1964, are published in yearly volumes of Resolutions and
Decisions of the Security Council. The new system, which has been applied
retroactively to resolutions adopted before 1 January 1965, became fully operative
on that date.
SEVENTEEN HUNDRED AND NINETY-FOURTH MEETING

Held in New York on Friday, 16 August 1974, at 3.30 p.m.

President: Mr. Yakov A. MALIK
(Union of Soviet Socialist Republics).

Present: The representatives of the following States:
Australia, Austria, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist
Republic, China, Costa Rica, France, Indonesia, Iraq,
Kenya, Mauritania, Peru, Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics, United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland, United Republic of Cameroon and
United States of America.

Provisional agenda (S/Agenda/1794)
I. Adoption of the agenda

2. The situation in Cyprus:

(¢) Letter dated 16 July 1974 from the Secretary-General to the President of the Security
Council (S/11334);

(h) Letter dated 16 July 1974 from the Permanent
Representative of Cyprus to the United
Nations addressed to the President of the
Security Council (S§/11335);

(¢) Letter dated 20 July 1974 from the Permanent
Representative of Greece to the United
Nations addressed to the President of the
Security Council (S/11348);

(d) Letter dated 28 July 1974 from the Acting
Permanent Representative of the Union of
Soviet - Socialist Republics to the United
Nations addressed to the President of the
Security Council (S/11389):

(¢) Letter dated 13 August 1974 from the
Permanent Representative of Cyprus to the
United Nations addressed to the President of
the Security Council (S/11444):

(f) Letter dated 13 August 1974 from the
Permanent Representative of Greece to the
United Nations addressed to the President of
the Security Council (S/11445)

The meeting was called to order at 7.10 pan.

Adoption of the agenda
The agenda was adopted.

The situation in Cyprus:

(a) Letter dated 16 July 1974 from the Secretary.
General to the President of the Security Council
(8111334);

(b) Letter dated 16 July 1974 from the Permanent
Representative of Cyprus to the United Nations
addressed to the President of the Security Council
(S/11335);

(¢) Letter dated 20 July 1974 from the Permanent
Representative of Greece to the United Nations
addressed to the President of the Security Council
(S/11348);

(d) Letter dated 28 July 1974 from the Acting Permanent
Representative of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics to the United Nations addressed to the
President of the Security Council (S/11389);

(e) Letter dated 13 August 1974 from the Permanent
Representative of Cyprus to the United Nations
addressed to the President of the Security Council
(8/11444);

() Letter dated 13 August 1974 from the Permanent
Representative of Greece to the United Nations
addressed to the President of the Security Council
(8/11445)

1. The PRESIDENT (translation from Russian):
In accordance with decisions taken by the Security
Council previously [[779thst and  1793rd
meetings], I propose, with the consent of the Council,
to invite the representatives of Cyprus, Turkey,
Greece, Yugoslavia, Romania, India. Mauritius and
Algeria to participate, without the right to vote, in
the discussion.

At the invitation of the President, Mr. Rossides
(Cyprus), Mr. Olcay (Turkey) and Mr. Caravannis
(Greece) took places at the Council table.

2, The PRESIDENT rttransiation from Russian):
The representatives of Yugoslavia, Romania, India.
Mauritius and Algeria are also invited to take the places
reserved for them at the sides of the Council chamber,
on the understanding that they will be invited to take
a place at the Council table when they are called
upon to speak.

At the invitation of the President, Mr. Job ( Yugoslavia), Mr. Gheorghe: (Romaniay, Mr. Juipal t1ndia)
and Mr. Taleb-Bendiab (Algeria) took the places
reserved for thenc at the side of the Council chamber,

3. The PRESIDENT translation from Russian);
I call on the Secretary-General.

4. The SECRETARY-GENERAL : Members of the
Council may be interested in a brief report on the

——

EAM, Te a
latest information received from the Commander of
the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus
(UNFICYP).

5. As the Council knows, the Prime Minister of
Turkey announced that his Government accepted a
cease-fire as from 12 noon New York time today,
16 August. The Force Commander reports that at
1900 hours local time today the cease-fire was holding,
except for small-arms and mortar fire along the western
part of the green line in Nicosia and on the edges of
the Limnitis enclave. Up to 2100 hours local time the
cease-fire continued to hold, except for sporadic
small-arms fire in the western part of Nicosia. At
2300 hours local time the cease-fire was holding in
all districts.

6. 1 deeply regret to have to inform the Council
that = vehicle with five Danish soldiers of UNFICYP
ran into a mine-field near Ambelikou, in the Lefka
district. Two of the soldiers died, two are seriously
wounded, and one slightly wounded. I wish to extend
to the Danish Government and people, and to the
families, my deepest sympathy at this tragic loss.

7. Mr. President, as | have the floor, 1 should like
to take this opportunity to refer briefly to some remarks
which you made at the end of yesterday's meeting of
the Council with reference to the reporting on the
situation in Cyprus in recent days. Members of the
Council will be aware that 1 and my colleagues have
tried to the best of our ability to keep the Council
fully informed of the situation in Cyprus, both during
the period when the negotiations were going on in
Geneva and after the resumption of full-scale hostilities
in Cyprus. These communications included immediate
reports [8/1/1353 and addenda} as information became
available and also an interim report by me in pursuance
of resolution 355 (1974) [8/11433).

8. | wish to inform the Council that when I am
away from New York I am in constant touch by
telephone and cable with Headquarters and am kept
fully informed of the reports which are being submitted
to the Council, the contents of which are normally
reviewed by me in detail before they are issued. These
reports are based on information received by me from
the Commander of UNFICYP in Cyprus. They give,
I believe. an objective account of a very complex
situation.

9. The PRESIDENT (translation from Russian):
As President of the Security Council may I. on its
behalf, express our sincere condolences to the
Government of Denmark and to the families of the
deceased on the death of the Danish soldiers serving
in the United Nations Force in Cyprus.

10. 1 should like also to offer a small clarification
in connexion with the Secretary-General's observations regarding my remarks yesterday concerning the
reports of the Secretariat on Cyprus. 1 made my

comments in yesterday's statement not as President
of the Council but as representative of the Soviet
Union.

Il. Now I should like to draw the attention of the
members of the Council to the fact that the draft
resolution submitted yesterday by the French
delegation in document S/11450 has been twice revised
and has now been issued as document S/11450/Rev.2.

12. Inaccordance with the agreement reached among
the members of the Council in the consultations held
before this meeting was convened, I shall put to the
vote draft resolution §/11450/Rev.2.

A vote was taken by show of hands.

In fuvour: Australia, Austria, Costa Rica, France,
Indonesia, Kenya, Mauritania, Peru, United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United Republic
of Cameroon, United States of America.

Against; None.

Abstaining: Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic,
Irag, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

The draft resolution was adopted by 11 votes to
none, with 3 abstentions!

One member (China) did not participate in the
voting.

13. The PRESIDENT (translation from Russian):
The Security Council will now proceed to hear those
representatives who wish to speak in explanation of
vote following the vote.

14. Mr. LECOMPT (France) (interpretation from
French): It seems to me that after all the consultations,
collective and bilateral, occasioned since yesterday
by the draft resolution submitted by my delegation
I should be abusing the patience of the Council if
I were to detain it too long. I will not, however, forget
that parenthood means taking on special responsibilities and I shall attempt, in a few words, to state
in public the reasons for our initiative.

15. Since the breakdown in the Geneva negotiations
—and-| say ‘negotiations’ —the situation in Cyprus
has steadily worsened, to the point that the office
of the President of the Republic in Paris issucd on
14 August a communiqué from which 1 take the
following sentence:

“France formally disapproves of the unilateral
resumption of military operations in Cyprus by
Turkey. Only negotiaiions carried to a successful
conclusion without the simultaneous quest for
military advantage can lead to an equitable solutiun

See resolution 360 (1974).
in conformity with the principles which should
govern relations among European States.’

16. In the same spirit 1 believe that the Government
of the United States, through Mr. Kissinger, has
stated its disapproval of the Turkish action in Cyprus
and indicated its readiness to intervene on behalf of
an equitable and lasting solution to the problem of
Cyprus. I could also mention many more statements
by authorities of other countries which, in the face
of the tragedy and the cuisis in Cyprus, have taken
up unequivocal positions,

17. Although a cease-fire has officially been accepted
fighting is still continuing in several parts of the
island and the prospects for an early resumption of
the Geneva negotiations still remain far from certain.
How, in these political circumstances, could the
Security Council remain indifferent to the situation?
How could it refrain from exercising its responsibilities
under the Charter? How could it stand aloof, as a
remote observer, while events endanger peace and
security in the eastern Mediterranean, with all the
risks that that entails for international security?

18. After our debate yesterday, of course, we did
adopt two resolutions indicating the Council’s
concern. One of them [resolution 359 (1974)1, which
was essentially humanitarian in nature, answered the
concerns of all Member States with regard to the
functioning and the safety of the United Nations
Force in Cyprus. We immediately gave it our support
and our sponsorship.

19. The tragic events which have just been reported
by the Secretary-General and which have led to more
deaths among soldiers of the United Nations
contingents underscore the unhappy relevance of
yesterday's resolution and they indicate the importance
of close attention to this resolution on the part of
all the parties to the fighting in Cyprus.

20. The other resolution adopted yesterday,
resolution 358 (1974)] perhaps on the proposal
of certain non-aligned countries, confined itself to
reca 1g earlier resolutions and insisting on their
complete implementation and on observance of the
cease-fire. That was all very well and good, but it
really was not enough.

21. The political implications of the Cyprus problem,
and the immediate political implications in particular,
also fall within the purview of the Council. That would
be true if only because of the important role the
United Nations has played throughout the past
10 years in an attempt to settle the Cyprus problem,
but it is also true because a situation which could
very well entail danger to peace and security in one
region of the world does fall directly and primarily
within the Organization's purview.

22. Yesterday, in introducing the draft resolution
which is before the Council for consideration this

evening, my Government was acting out of a threefold
concern: moral, legal and political.

23. In terms of morality, my delegation feels that
it is the Council's duty to take a clear stand on the
responsibility of the various parties in the Cyprus
tragedy. We are the more at ease in emphasizing
the Turkish responsibility in the present situation
because at the beginning of the crisis Mr. de Guiringaud
stated that the circumstances of the coup d'état in
Nicosia and the Greek affiliation of the officers of the
National Guard in Cyprus conferred particular
responsibility on the Government in Athens.

24. From the legal standpoint it is incumbent upon
the Council once again forcefully to reaffirm the
importance of the parties respecting its earlier
resolutions and to refer to the international agreements
at the basis of the constitutional régime of Cyprus,
as well as that of the forces that may be stationed
there,

25. On the political level—and, 1 repeat, this is
really where the draft resolution we have introduced
belongs—it was the Council's duty, referring to
resolution 353 (1974), to make another urgent appeal
to the parties to resume without delay, in an
atmosphere of genuine and finally constructive
co-operation, the negotiations which were under way
in Geneva, without those negotiations being affected
by the outcome of the recent military operations.
Here again, and most particularly, 1 should like to
mention—I am unhappily constrained to do so—what
France believes to be the responsibility of one of the
parties.

26. The events that led to the resumption of military
operations in Cyprus, which resulted in the Turkish
army cutting the island in two and once again plunging
Cyprus into the horrors of war are in everyone's
mind, and we all mentioned them and condemned
them, one after another, at the night meeting which
followed the breakdown of the Geneva negotiations.
It seems to me that those events are part of an
inadmissible practice, a practice which one would have
hoped had become outmoded thanks to the development of international co-operation: I am referring to
what 1 shall describe as the ultimatum approach.
I think it seemed to us all that at a certain point in the

Geneva negotiations, precisely at the point when those J

negotiations were broken off, a much too brusque
attitude motivated the decisions taken by the Turkish E
Government. This, unfortunately, cannot but bring to §
mind practices which, in other years, brought fire E
and bloodshed to Europe. That was exactly how the E
world wars began. :

27. The fact that what is involved here is the territory g
of a State Member of thie United Nations living in §
conditions of internal difficulties because of the &
opposition—often fierce opposition—between the two
communities that must live together on the island is

something to which we cannot remain indifferent.
The mere fact that it is a small and unhappy
country does not give us the right to forget it or
not to deal with the tragedy tearing it apart in
exactly the same way as we would deal with a
conflict or a crisis or a war between large States.

28. There is something deeply moving in the division
of Cyprus, a division which did not prevent Cyprus
from being a Member of our community however.
We could not avoid taking a stand on the sense or
non-sense of the events which were continuing to tear
that unhappy country asunder.

29. I can only pay a tribute on behalf of my Government to all the sorely tried people of Cyprus and
express the ardent hope that their ordeals will one
day be over. For that, however, we should have paid
rather closer attention to the real political situation
which now prevails in Cyprus, a situation dominated
by the attempt of one State, and a guarantor State
at that, to seize advantages in the island-—admittedly
after having been disadvantaged there—advantages
that finally were an obstacle to a real settlement of
the crisis.

30. No war, no attempt to use force, can ever
settle political problems. We all know that; we have
all experienced it in the lives of our States and in
international affairs. Unfortunately, we still have
examples of this all too often in our international
community, but it is our duty to do everything in
our power to propose guidelines for the settlement,
or the beginnings of a settlement, of the crisis.

31. 1 do not think, therefore that we could have
contented burselves with simply repeating in
anonymous terms what is going on in Cyprus. Many
of the resolutions we have adopted rest, of course,
on a lowest common denominator we had to do
better than that, and that is what the draft resolution
submitted by my delegation was aimed at. 1 think
this resolution is quite an accurate reflection of
the general feeling in the Council.

32. I should like to thank the delegations that have
been good enough to lend their support to the draft
resolution we have submitted, and 1 would venture
to find it encouraging that 11 States were able,
here in this chamber, to express a judgement and
urgently to put foward the basis for a solution.

33. I find it understandable that other States had
to abstain or not to participate in the vote because
they had difficulty in getting the necessary instructions
from their Governments, Nevertheless, we were
confronted with a matter of great urgency. The
resolution we have adopted today does, | believe,
correspond more or less to the reality as we must see
it. 1 fear that tomorrow or the day after, that may
unfortunately no longer ve so. That is why, moreover,
we remain permanently seized of the question,

something which France is entirely prepared to accept,
despite the fatigue that it imposes on the members
of our delegations, so firmly do we believe that the
United Nations and the Security Council are the
place where major problems, including those of
Cyprus, should be brought up and discussed.

34. Mr. HUANG Hua (China) (translation from
Chinese): As everyone knows, the Chinese delegation
has stated its position of principle at the meetings of the
Security Council on a number of occasions since the
Cyprus question has been under discussion. In keeping
with this position, we decided not to participate in the
vote on draft resolution S/11450/Rev.2.

35, Mr. SALAZAR (Costa Rica) (interpretation from
Spanish): My delegation would like to make some
comments in explanation of its vote in favour of the
draft resolution that has just been adopted.

36. The events in Cyprus are, for many reasons, a
bitter experience for the international community,
because they imply the violation of principles enshrined
in the Charter, to which my country is deeply
attached. To be sure, the San Francisco Charter,
which led to the establishment of the United Nations
established a new international order based
fundamentally upon the duty of all States to maintain
international peace and security, The new international
order was framed in such a way as to make it illegal
for any Member State unilaterally to resort to the
use of force to settle international disputes and to
reserve for each State the inherent right of legitimate
defence in the event of an armed attack. So that the
prohibition of the use of force might be effective,
machinery was established providing the Security
Council with the powers necessary to achieve the
peaceful settlement of all international disputes.

37. Therefore, confronted with such a dramatic case
as that of Cyprus, we wonder if—as serious as war
itself—irreparable damage has not been done to the
principles upon which international order is based.

38. My delegation fully shares the concern expressed
yesterday by the Secretary-General in the conclusion
of the report he submitted to the Council on the
consequences of the non-observance of the measures
taken by the Council in view of the repeated violations
of the cease-fire in Cyprus. All nations should be
jealous guardians of the integrity of the decisions of
the Council if it is hoped that we may live in a world
in which the settlement of disputes is entrusted to an
international authority,

39. It is clear that, both because of devotion to the
principles of the Charter and because that itself
includes a fundamental interest in surviving as nations,
small countries such as that represented by my
delegation have the unswerving duty to support the
Charter of the United Nations in order to safeguard
their own security. We dare not imagine what might
happen if an era were to come in which, because it
was not strictly abided by, that Charter was
weakened, thrusting the world back once again under
the reign of force.

40. When a nation refuses to comply with measures
taken by the Security Council on behalf of the entire
international community, that represents a serious
erosion of the entire system of international security
and, perhaps not deliberately, jeopardizes those
small countries which prefer to devote all their efforts
to the struggle to achieve their development. It
would be most unwise for them to have to squander
their scarce resources on weapons in the event of
their feeling threatened by a lack of confidence
resulting from being divested of all international
protection.

41. After what has been occurring in Cyprus there
are no grounds for optimism, The people of Cyprus
itself did not desire this war, nor was it prepared to
resist it. It must be frankly admitted that the measures
taken by the Security Council fell into a vacuum.

42. Cyprus, a small country as is mine, has been
the prey of the capacity of others. My country protests
on behalf oi Cyprus and on behalf of the international
order which has been shaken in the process.

43. Mr. ANWAR SANI (Indonesia): My delegation
voted in support of the draft resolution contained in
document S/11450/Rev.2. We did so only after a very
long hesitation. We had difficulties with regard to
paragraph 3. While recognizing the need for an
immediate resumption of the negotiations between the
parties concerned, my delegation believes that, from
a realistic point of view, such negotiations cannot but
take into account the realities created by the developments in Cyprus.

44. 1 should like to associate my delegation with
you, Mr. President, and with the Secretary-General
in expressing our deep sympathy to the Government of Denmark for the death of two Danish
soldiers of UNFICYP, which followed so very closely
upon the death of three men of the Austrian contingent.

45. My delegation would like to reiterate once again
its tribute to UNFICYP for the manner in which it has
performed its tasks in Cyprus under the most difficult
and dangerous circumstances.

46. Mr. ZAHAWIE (Iraq): Mr. President, we too
would like to join you in extending our sincere
condolences to the Austrian and Danish Governments
on the loss of life sustained by their respective
contingents serving with UNFICYP.

47. My delegation has already had occasion to state
before the Council Iraq's position with regard to the
situation in Cyprus. I should like to reiterate very

briefly now the principles upon which our position
is based.

48. Iraq, as a non-aligned State, is deeply concerned
about the existence of the Republic of Cyprus as
an independent, sovereign and non-aligned State
whose territorial integrity should not be threatened
or compromised by any foreign intervention. In order
to facilitate the attainment of this objective, my
delegation has voted in favour of all the resolutions
already adopted by the Council on the recent tragic
events in Cyprus. What is of cardinal importance
at the present stage is to get the parties concerned
back to the negotiating table, with every effort on
our part not to raise any obstacles in the path of
the negotiating process. With the situation as it is
now in Cyprus, the resumption of the negotiations
appears to be the only way towards a settlement of
the crisis.

49, We deeply regret the fact that force has been
used. The return to the negotiating table still remains
the only feasible means of achieving a solution
acceptable to all parties concerned, of containing
the highly explosive situation, of overcoming the bitter
residue of the use of force, and of arriving at a state
of normalcy and stability in the Republic of Cyprus.

50. Coming back to the resolution that has just been
adopted by the Council, I should like to state that
my delegation has referred to Baghdad the text of the
original draft resolution submitted last evening by the
French delegation in document §/11450. So far we have
not received any instructions concerning that draft.
In the meantime, we were presented this afternoon
with two revisions of the original draft, which we
again tried to refer to our capital. It was felt by the
sponsor of the resolution adopted by the Council
just now that no further delay could be accepted in
the voting on it. Under these circumstances, my
delegation has had to abstain in the vote on the
draft resolution. We sincerely hope, however, that
the parties concerned will find it possible now to
negotiate again. The recent declarations made by the
Greek and Turkish Governments would justify a
measure of optimism about some progress being made
towards a settlement of the problem that would
guarantee the rights of the two communities on the
island and the continuing existence of the Republic of
Cyprus as a sovereign. independent and non-aligned
State.

51. Mr. SCALI (United States of America): We can
all derive satisfaction from the Secretary-General's
report that at long last the guns are stilled on Cyprus.

The cease-fire seems finally to be in effect.
Regrettably. the United Nations peace forces.
UNFICYP. have suffered further casualties. We

extend our deepest sympathy to the Danish Government and to the bereaved families of those soldiers
of peace who have given their lives selflessly in the
service of others.

mre re
§2. With the cease-fire now taking hold, we must also
turn our attention to forging the peace, to establishing
conditions under which the good people of Cyprus
may live undisturbed and walk in paths of their own
choosing. My delegation hopes that, on reflection,
all parties to the Cyprus dispute will decide it is in
their own national interest to move on to Geneva
without delay to resume the peace negotiations
suspended earlier this week. The success of these
talks under the chairmanship of the distinguished
British Foreign Secretary involves the peace of the
eastern Mediterranean. The world is watching, The
participants have an obligation to mankind to enter
into negotiations in a spirit of conciliation and
fair-minded compromise to reach an understanding
that will renew and indeed reinforce the historic
friendship of the peoples of the area.

53. Mr. MVOGO-ENAMA (United Republic of
Cameroon) (interpretation from French): My delegation supported the draft resolution just adopted by
the Council because it continues to believe that the
Security Council can still make itself heard by the
parties concerned in the situation in Cyprus. However,
we regret the negative attitude of certain parties
involved in the painful situation in Cyprus. That
negative attitude is reflected in the refusal to respect
and to implement the various resolutions adopted by
the Council from the very beginning of the present
crisis. If the repeated appeals of the Council had
been heeded, beginning with that of 16 July last,
much loss of life and tremendous material destruction
could have been avoided, and the two main communities on the island would have been spared much
suffering. a suffering which seems recently to have
reached an appalling intensity.

54. My delegation still hopes and indeed believes
that the Security Council will never accept the use
of brute force as the foundation of law. States great
and small, States powerful and weak, have a right to
existence as separate and distinct entities. The
Republic of Cyprus has a right to exist as an
independent State whose sovereignty and territorial
integrity must be scrupulously respected by all States,
and first and foremost by the States Members of the
United Nations.

55. My delegation hopes that the guns will remain
silent in Cyprus and that the Geneva talks will
resume shortly in a genuine spirit of co-operation
among all the partics concerned.

56. My delegation associates itself with the
condolences that the President of the Security Council
addressed yesterday to the Government of Austria
and today to the Government of Denmark in
connexion with the tragic deaths of their soldiers in
the service of peace in Cyprus.

57. Mr. CAMPBELL (Australia): Because it is not a
mere concept of Cyprus but the people who inhabit

6

from

that island with which we are concerned, we cannot
welcome too warmly the establishment of the ceasefire reported by the Secretary-General—the fact, that
is, that this people is presently freed from the threat
of violence and also that the members of UNFICYP
are no longer serving under fire. We take this
opportunity to express our condolences to the
Governments, the peoples and the families concerned
in Austria and in Denmark.

58. In his statement in the Australian Parliament
on 16 August, the Foreign Minister, Senator Willesee,
made clear the extent to which the Australian
Government found it deplorable that there should have
been a renewed outbreak of serious hostilities on
Cyprus and that the areas under control of the several
sides should again have been shifted not by agreement
but by force of arms—the more so when negotiations
had been under way. These are not negotiating
weapons which we would ourselves employ.

59. That having been said, the Australian Government recognizes the long and bitter political background to the Cyprus problem, and that in the past
the Turkish minority on the island has been denied
its constitutional rights in many respects. Moreover,
the Turkish Cypriot minority is entitled, as indeed
is the Greek Cypriot majority, to guarantees of
security, safety and constitutional rights. At this time
there can be no other course than to return singlemindedly to the Geneva negotiations in order to
reach a solution to this problem, and thus ensure that
peace and security are re-established on Cyprus for
all the people of that island.

60. Ifnegotiations are to succeed they must obviously
be conducted in an atmosphere henceforth free of the
threat or fact of ultimatum and of unreasonable
demands. Such complex and far-reaching matters as
future constitutional arrangements for Cyprus can be
settled only after calm and careful consideration by
all the parties concerned.

61. We need peace now, peace during negotiations
and peace permanently as their outcome.

62. As further evidence of our concern, and in order
to make a tangible contribution to the re-establishment
of peace on Cyprus, on 8 August my Government
announced its willingness to contribute 200 Australian
troops to the United Nations Force on the island.
We also intend to maintain our police contingent,
which took up duty there in 1964.

63. Mr. JANKOWITSCH (Austria) (interpretation
French): Before explaining my delegation’s
vote, | should like to express the grief and consternation of my delegation at the fresh tragic news we
have been given by the Secretary-General of incidents
which this time struck members of the Danish
contingent of UNFICYP. Allow me, Mr. President,
to extend through you our most heartfelt condolences
to the Government and people of Denmark and to the
families of these soldiers of peace so sorely tried.

64. This latest tragedy which has struck the United
Nations peace corps in Cyprus once again underscores
the great urgency of the action called for in resolution 359 (1974) adopted by the Council yesterday,
because each new death, each new human sacrifice
added to the previous ones, strengthens us in our
belief that everything must be done to secure the
base of UNFICYP's activity in Cyprus in order to
provide effective protection for the life and safety
of its members, whose operations continue to be
essential to a restoration of peace in the island.

65. As regards the draft resolution that the Council
has just adopted, my delegation did not hesitate to
vote in favour of that text, introduced by France
yesterday and given its final form in the course of
long consultations today. We voted for the draft
resolution in the conviction that it satisfies the urgent
requirements of the moment. First of all, it answers
the need for the Council unambiguously and with all
due clarity to take a stand on the events that took
place earlier this week, on the new and violent outbreak of hostilities after the failure of the beginning
of the second phase of the Geneva conference. I
have by need to reiterate at this time my delegation’s
categorical disapproval of this use of force and this
reversion to the principle that might is right.

66. Secondly, we believe that this resolution that
we have adopted does meet the requirement of
calling on the parties to resume the negotiations
without delay in an atmosphere of constructive
co-operation as called for in resolution 353 (1974) of
‘more than four weeks ago. The need for these
negotiations is still imperative for a settlement of the
conflict, and they are the more essential because for
too much violence, too much force and too many
threats of force have already accompanied a conflict
the nature of which has repeatedly been evoked in
this Council. It would seem that a solution would be
difficult if not impossible in an atmosphere of warfare
and violence. We believe that the prerequisites for a
resumption of the negotiations have now been amply
demonstrated by the present resolution.

67. We were happy to hear from the Secretary-General that a cease-fire has today been effected in
Cyprus. If, after the latest eruptions, after further
sufferings on a scale which will become known only
after some time has passed, after all these events, a
new cease-fire has in fact come about, then we have
reason to be gratified. However, as before, a ceasefire can only be a first step towards a true peace.
And we hope that with the goodwill of the parties
at issue, that true peace will soon be a reality.

68. Mr. RICHARD (United Kingdom): May 1
commence by expressing the condolences of my
delegation and my country to the Danish Government

and people on the loss of two soldiers of UNFICYP
and also on the wounding of three others. There is
perhaps a tendency to take international peacekeeping forces somewhat for granted until a crisis
arises, when all of us express I suppose slightly
ritualistic condolences if any of the forces are wounded
or killed. I think that particularly the last three or
four days in Cyprus have shown not only the worth
of the peace-keeping forces as such but also how
much we, the international community, and indeed
world peace, depend upon them.

69. Mr. President, in the course of your speech last
evening you referred to the reports which had been
supplied from time to time by the Secretariat. 1 think
it should perhaps go on record that not all the members
of the Security Council find themselves in the position
that you do, of being dissatistied with the amount of
information that has been supplied to us by the
Secretariat in the past few weeks. We have had regular
reports, we have had regular information, particularly
on the facts of the situation in Cyprus. Certain
information has, or course, come into my possession
as the representative of the United Kingdom because
the United Kingdom is interested and has some
forces in Cyprus. May | say that, judging by the
independent information which has been available to
me, the reports of the Secretariat are accurate and
full.

70. In your speech last evening, Mr. President, you
called for a report which would be an evaluation
of the general state of affairs on the island. With
great respect, I do not think that that is really
the purpose of these reports. Surely, the purpose of
these reports is to provide us with the facts upon
which we, the Security Council, can then make either
our own individual evaluations or our collective
evaluations. 1 should have thought that that was a
preferable situation. 1 repeat, again speaking for
myself, that 1 find the reports that we have been
supplied with perfectly adequate.

71. 1 am pleased too that today we are discussing
Cyprus against a new background and in a new
situation—that is, that the fighting has apparently
stopped. What is important now is that the initiative
that arises from that cease-fire should not be lost.
It is important that there should now be an effective
political settlement. And, as | have said on a number
of occasions in the past few weeks, for there to be
an effective political settlement in Cyprus there must
be a readiness to accept the fact that compromise is
the essence of such a settlement. Perhaps out of this
truly dreadful war there may yet emerge a settlement
acceptable to the people of Cyprus as a whole, both
Greek and Turk, and perhaps this time it will be a
settlement that will last. There is no point in anyone's
making a settlement which proves to be unacceptable
to the majority of either of the two communities in
Cyprus. If there is one lesson to be learned from the
experience of the past 15 years, it is that a settlement
which proved broadly acceptable to the Greek Cypriot
population and unacceptable to the Turkish Cypriot
population could not last. The converse also will be
true. One cannot guarantee a political settlement at
the point of a bayonet, and if it is not acceptable it
will fail,

72. The lesson to be learned from that is that
negotiations must start and that both sides in those
negotiations must be prepared to accept that they have
to respect not only their own views but the views
of the other party to the negotiations. For, I say again,
otherwise the settlement cannot last.

73. I understand that both sides to the dispute are
today under great pressure. I trust that as the fighting
has died away and as some of the more bitter and
more recent memories of it tend to fade, the spirit
of compromise and moderation may reassert itself
on all sides and that we may yet have a settlement
in Cyprus of which that country, the two main
nations concerned and we, the United Nations, may
yet be proud.

74. Mr. OULD MOULOUD (Mauritania) (interpretation from French): My delegation wishes first of
all to extend its condolences to the Governments
of Austria and Denmark on the death of their soldiers
who were killed while they were carrying out the
noble task entrusted to them by the United Nations.
We express our deep sympathy aiso to the bereaved
families on the tragic losses they have suffered.

75. My delegation has just voted in favour of draft
resolution $/11450/Rev.2. That decision should not be
taken to mean that my delegation is fully satisfied with
that text. Indeed, we have expressed our opinion
on this subject to the delegation that took the initiative
of preparing the draft resolution, and I should like
to thank the French delegation for having taken some
of our suggestions fully into account.

76. I should like other delegations too to understand
fully the meaning that we attach to the vote we have just
cast; it is on the same lines as the meaning we
attached to the vote we cast on the many resolutions
adopted by the Security Council—on many occasions,
I would stress, unanimously—during the past five
weeks. All those resolutions reaffirmed the necessity

of respecting the independence, sovereignty and.

territorial integrity of the Republic of Cyprus. They
called on all the parties to the conflict to cease all the
military activities they had undertaken, either on
20 July or subsequently, on the territory of that
unfortunate country. Those resolutions also called on
the parties concerned to enter without delay into
negotiations aimed at finding appropriate solutions to
the problems facing the Republic of Cyprus as a result
of foreign intervention.

77. The delegation of Mauritania has been deeply
saddened by the fact that those appeals have not been

fully heeded. The fact that our urgent appeals for
wisdom and moderation have been ignored has caused
the population of the Republic of Cyprus indescribable
suffering, and we have the most sincere sympathy for
that population.

78. During the debates held by the Security Council
on this subject, the delegation of Mauritania has stated
in the clearest way the importance it attaches to
the independence and territorial integriy of the
Republic of Cyprus and to the well-being of its
people, It was for that same reason that my delegation
today voted in favour of this new resolution. Our firm
hope is that all fighting will stop once and for all in
Cyprus and that peace and the constitutional order
will be restored without delay, by the method of
negotiation, and that method alone.

79. In conclusion, my delegation wishes once again
to thank the Secretary-General for all the efforts he
has constantly exerted to facilitate the implementation
of the Security Council resolutions and to lessen the
suffering of the people of Cyprus, We wish also to
pay a heartfelt tribute to all the members of the
United Nations Force who are at present carrying out
a vital task in extremely difficult conditions.

80. Mr, MAINA (Kenya): On behalf of my delegation
I should like to express to the Government and
people of Denmark our condolences on the loss of
life involving that country’s contingent tc the United
Nations Force in Cyprus. }

81. As have said before, my delegation will support
any move, however weak or defective, which might
assist the Republic of Cyprus to regain its independence. The resolution just adopted quite clearly
constitutes another very small and weak move by the
Council in its understandably weak efforts to save
Cyprus. Therefore my delegation was content to
support it.

82. The problem of Cyprus is not over. It is going
to be with us for quite a long time, as far as we
can see, and no doubt we shall have many occasions
to say more when the subject comes up.

83. The PRESIDENT (translation from Russian):
I should now like to make a statement in my capacity
as the representative of the UNION OF SOVIET
SOCIALIST REPUBLICS.

84, First of all, having already as President of the
Security Council expressed condolences to the
Government of Denmark and the families of the
deceased on the deaths of the Danish soldiers serving
in the United Nations Force in Cyprus, | should like
also to express condolences in this connexion to the
Danish Government and people and to the families
of the deceased on behalf of the USSR delegation.
85. The Soviet delegation has already stated in detail
the position of principle of the Soviet Union on the
question of Cyprus at earlier meetings of the Council
and, in particular, at yesterday's meeting, during the
discussion and the voting on the two resolutions
adopted by the Council at that meeting, resolutions
for which the USSR delegation voted [358 (1974) and
359 (1974).

86. There is no need today to repeat everything that
was said by the Soviet delegation concerning the
position of principle of the Soviet Union on the
Cyprus question. 1 should like only to note a few
points briefly. We pointed to the obsolescence and
the inconsistency of the so-called ‘‘international
guarantees'’ imposed on Cyprus in the past. We
expressed our opposition to settling the fate of Cyprus
and the Cypriot people within the narrow circle of
the NATO countries following the recent breakdown
in the Geneva negotiations. We supported the idea
that this outmoded and bankrupt system of ‘‘international guarantees’ of the independence, sovereignty
and territorial integrity of Cyprus should be replaced
by a more effective and reliable system of truly
international guarantees and that the fate of the
Cypriot people should not be settled by a narrow
circle of States in the lamentable tradition of the
past centuries of colonialism.

87. We supported the proposal of the Group of
Non-Aligned Countries that future negotiations on
Cyprus should take place under the chairmanship of
the Secretary-General. Unfortunately, those who
prefer to decide the fate of the Cypriot people and
the State of Cypt within the narrow circle of the
NATO countries hav . rejected these important, urgent
and timely proposals.

88. We also ‘continue to hold the view that the
Security Council, and hence the United Nations, must
play a direct part in solving the problem of Cyprus.

89. The delegation of the USSR, as everyone knows,
has made a proposal that a special mission of the
Security Council, composed of its members, should be
sent to Cyprus [S///39/]. The purpose of such a
mission would be to determine on the spot what
progress is being made in the implementation of the
Council's decisions and to submit a report to the
Council. We reserve the right to revert to all these
considerations and proposals.

90. With regard to the draft resolution submitted
by France [S///450/Rev.2], the USSR delegation
was unfortunately unable to receive instructions in
time for today's voting on that draft resolution. As
has often been the case in the past in the Security
Council, there was of course a time difference
involved here. Not long ago, on 31 July, a similar
situation arose in connexion with the voting on a
draft resolution concerning which the USSR delegation
had been unable to receive instructions in time for

the vote. We appealed to the French delegation to
postpone the vote on the draft resolution for a few
hours. Unfortunately, the French delegation did not
accede to our request. It insisted on pressing for a
vote. Consequently, we found ourselves in a position
where we had no alternative but to abstain in the
vote on the French draft resolution.

91. In conclusion, I should like to reply briefly
to the remarks of the United Kingdom representative.
He is satisfied with the information on Cyprus
supplied by the Secretariat. He has explained that,
in addition to the reports of the Secretariat, he has
had information on Cyprus from other sources as
well. It is not surprising, therefore, that he has had
a wealth of information and that he is fully satisfied
with it.

92. And now, in my capacity as PRESIDENT,
I call on the representative of Turkey.

93. Mr. OLCAY (Turkey): I deplore the fact that
this resolution was ever tabled. I deplore the fact that
it was accepted. I deplore the frame of mind of those
who, in their Parisian ivory towers, even thought of
such a biased approach in this issue at such a time.

94. I have great respect for many virtues which
make France great, but I also happen to know,
alas, that when it decides to climb down from greatness
to petty considerations it also does so thoroughly.
I wonder whether it is the kind of France the world
hoped would never be seen again which is taking
over. Despite my own and my people's great
respect for France, I cannot help wondering whether
it is the France of the Foreign Legion, the France of
Sakiet Sidi Youssef, the France of the paratroopers,
the France of Suez, and more recently the France
of the Mururoa experiments which claims the right
to judge Turkish actions and their relevance to United
Nations principles.

95. It is obvious to anyone around this table, indeed
anyone in this chamber since yesterday, that France
in one of its moods of grandeur suddenly decided to
play a role in this problem, a role which probably
has long been denied it, and decided to begin by
choosing the part of a judge, placing the blame for
whatever happened in Cyprus on Turkish shoulders.
I am, of course, talking about the original draft
resolution circulated [$///450] and not about the one
which seemed to have been perhaps emasculated,
in the minds of those who considered the first one
a better one.

96. This resolution starts the clock some time last
week, despite the fact of many resolutions implying
that foreign intervention, foreign military presence.
and even action had been taking place for months
before the Council was seized of the problem in
its most recent phase. France chose to look back to
the last week. and this at a time when the wise

thing—morally, politically and humanely-—would have
been to look forward only, to a brighter future which
might be created as a result of meaningful negotiations.
The adoption of such a resolution can only be aimed
at ruining the prospects of such negotiations.

97. We know full well the old Makarios tactic of
signing agreements only to denounce them under the
fallacious pretext of their having been signed under
duress; and the origin of the Cyprus problem and the
fact that we have now been gathered around this
table almost every day for the past month, day
and night, is due to this original sin attributed to the
solemnly agreed treaties and constitution by the then
head of the Cypriot Government.

98. Is it the aim of France to prepare the terrain for
such future pretexts? Why this frantic action on the
part of a country which had long been accustomed
to remain silent on issues at least as virulent as the
Cyprus issue? 1 know of other cases, also involving
the Mediterranzan, to which France is so much
attached, where France's reaction was much slower
in coming. It was not a question of hours——as you
have yourself mentioned, Mr. President—for the
adoption of resolutions in the Council. Different
nations command probably different considerations.
I wonder how many Mirages one had to be able to
buy to achieve this aim.

99. I consider that if the representative of France,
or rather his Government, had been content with a
serious call for the resumption of negotiations in
operative paragraph 3 of the resolution, without
playing for favours at the same time, it would have
been a constructive contribution by France to
international relations which we have not been able
to witness for a long time. Indeed, it is the first
time that the Security Council has adopted a resolution
because the President of one Member State had made
a statement—which I, at least, consider biased—
11 years after the inclusion of an international dispute
on its agenda. One wonders where the conscience
of that country was while unilateral action, including
military action, against defenceless Turkish Cypriot
civilians was being committed repeatedly over the
past 11 years.

100. Now I will say this about the end result achieved
through the French efforts today. My Government has
declared its yeadiness to take part in the negotiations
aimed at establishing the future framework of the
constitution for an independent and sovereign State
of Cyprus, but it is not on the basis of this unbalanced,
biased, unequal, unfair and unrealistic resolution that
it will do so. The moment this Council adopts-—as
I hope it will very soon—any other resolution that
does not bear all these stigmas, my Government will
be readv to reconsider its attitude in this respect
and will do so gladly.

101. 1 want to point out once more that Turkey
does not enter into negotiations under conditions

10

dictated on the basis of sentences extracted from
statements dreamed up in Paris, even if it was in the
‘Elysée Palace.

102. May I, as a final word, associate my delegation,
my Government and myself with the condolences
expressed by the Secretary-General and by you,
Mi. President, on the sad occasion of the death of two
gallant Danish soldiers of UNFICYP., Qur condolences go also to the Danish Government and the
bereaved families.

103. Mr. RICHARD (United Kingdom): Mr. President, 1 take the floor for one purpose and one purpose
only, I am sure it was a slip on your part, and I am
sure you would wish to correct any contrary impression
you might have given to the Council and to the general
public, but I thought you said that it was the Group
of Non-Aligned Countries that had proposed that
negotiations should take place under the chairmanship
of the Secretary-General,

104. Mr. President, from time to time you have, of
course, revealed in the Council what went on in
informal consultations. 1 may, with your permission,
follow your example. You will know, and I will know,
and in view of what you said it is right that everybody
else should know, that that proposal did not emanate
from the group of non-aligned nations: it emanated,
as far as one could tell, as a working paper proposal
which was discussed yesterday in informal consultations, and which, as you will know also, could not
get any support.

105. Therefore, to present it to the Council as
something emanating from an extremely important and
influential group of nations in this United Nations
is inaccurate, and I am sure you would wish to
correct any contrary impression that you might have
given.

106. The PRESIDENT (translation from Russian):
Addressing myself to the United Kingdom representative, I would say this: your information does not
accord with the facts. Not one of the six representatives of the non-permanent members of the Security
Council from the non-aligned countries raised any
objection to this proposal, which was in fact introduced
by one of them,

107. Mr. LECOMPT (France) (interpretation from
French): 1 shall be very brief. I wish merely to express
the regret 1 feel upon hearing the statement by the
representative of Turkey, a statement that really grated
rather badly. Bitterness is a bad counsellor. 1 can only
remark that a large number of countries represented
in this chamber did in fact join France in ensuring
the adoption of this resolution, which is far from
dealing only with insignificant considerations of detail.
I would rather have seen the representative of Turkey
address himself to the substance of the problem
and give us some clarification. which we badly need,
as to how his country intends to respect the Security
Council resolutions.

108. The PRESIDENT (translation from Russian):
I call on the representative of Greece.

109. Mr. CARAYANNIS (Greece) (interpretation
from French): May 1 first express to the Council
my personal sadness and grief, as well as that of my
Government, at the new losses suffered by the United
Nations Force in Cyprus, this time in the Danish
contingent,

110. I should like to thank the representative of
France for the efforts he has been making since
yesterday morning—faced with many obstacles,
including the fanaticism of the representative of
Turkey, an example of which we have just been
given—to enable the Security Council to add a few
sentences to everything that it has been saying $o
ineffectively for over a fortnight.

111. The resolution just adopted may not help Cyprus
very much, but it will enhance the prestige of the
Council. As for my Government, 1 must be clear on
one point. The interpretation it gives to the text which
has just been adopted is that there can be no question
of the negotiations envisaged in operative paragraph 3
before the implementation of paragraph 2.

112. The PRESIDENT (translation from Russian):
1 call on the representative of Cyprus.

113. Mr. ROSSIDES (Cyprus): 1 wish, in the first
place, to express my deep sorrow and condolences
to the Danish Government and people on the loss of
more men of the United Nations Force serving the
cause of peace in Cyprus. [t is regrettable that, with
the other tremendous losses and tragedies brought to
Cyprus, the United Nations too has had to suffer
since that evil day, 20 July, when Turkey invaded the
island.

114. 1 should like to say a few words now with
regard to the resolution before us, but before doing so
I wish to express my gratitude to the representative
of France for speaking out and initiating an expression
long delayed in this Council, of the real facts of the
situation in Cyprus, evoking at least a shadow of
indignation at the violation of human rights and at the
violation by Turkey of the freedom, independence,
sovereignty and integrity of Cyprus.

115. Yesterday 1 really wondered desperately
whether the United Nations was even aware of the
gravity of the situation—of this attack against a small
country and its destruction by a great Power. But
today the reality seems to be filtering through, and
we have had more than one statement speaking of
the victim and of the aggres..or. You see. truth is there,
and it comes out, in spite of the efforts of diplomacy
to hide it. It is a case of an aggressor and a victim.

11

It is not a case of a war, when it could have been
claimed to have been partly in self-defence. There
was no question of defence. It was a downright
violation of Article 2, paragraph 4, of the Charter—-and
this by a country that was a supposed to be a guarantor.

116, If one goes through the various volumes of
international law, one finds cases of similar treaties
of guarantee, but they refer to past ages. It was
never thought that this could happen today. Even
before the establishment of the Charter of the United
Nations——20 years before—it was mentioned in cases
of such guarantees that to the extent that they are
really means of aggression and subjugation they are
invalid. Therefore, the Treaty of Guarantee is invalid
now. It was always invalid under the law, but now it
has vecome invalid in fact by reason of the attitude
of Turkey.

117. Now, we have before us the resolution that has
just been adopted, proposed by the representative of
France. In paragraph 3 of its resolution, the Council

“Urges the parties to resume without delay,
in an atmosphere of constructive co-operation,”

-—**constructive co-operation’ clearly means
freedom of negotiation; it cannot mean negotiations
under the threat or use of force; of course, that
is not very palatable to the representative of Turkey,
who looks forward to a resumption of the
negotiations on the same pattern as before—at
gunpoint, and now with the added advantage of
having illegally imposed a military occupation on
a sizable part of Cyprus—

‘the negotiations called for in resolution 353 (1974)
whose outcome should not be impeded or prejudged
by the acquisition of advantages resulting from
military operations’.

That, again, is distasteful to the representative of
Turkey, because he wants to use the illegal occupation
as a means to dictate Turkey's terms.

118. 1 note that the English translation of the original
French text of the resolution uses the word
“prejudged’’. May 1 point out that the word
“prejudged” is not an accurate translation of the
French. The verb “‘préjuger’’ means ‘to prejudge",
but when it is used as it is in this text, the meaning
is ‘without prejudice’. It is not a question: of
prejudging, but of there being no prejudice.

119. In this situation, any future negotiations should
be free and unencumbered; they should be negotiations not tainted by what has already happened in
Geneva under the imminent threat of force, rendering
them invalid.

120. The occupation of the territory is illegal in every
way because it is a violation of Article 2, paragraph 4,
of the Charter, which is solemnly reaffirmed in
General Assembly resolution 2734 (XXV)—the
Declaration on the Strengthening of International
Security, Paragraph 5 of that resolution clearly states
that

‘‘every State has the duty to refrain from the threat
or use of force ... and that the territory of a State
shall not be the object of military occupation
resulting from the use of force in contravention of
the provisions of the Charter, that the territory of a
State shall not be the object of acquisition by
another State resulting from the threat or use of
force, that no territorial acquisition resulting from
the threat or use of force shall be recognized as
legal and that every State has the duty to refrain
from organizing, instigating, assisting or participating in acts of civil strife or terrorist acts’.

121. This is the situation, and for the representative
of Turkey to object to the formulation that the territory
illegally occupied should not be used for the purposes
of getting advantages in the negotiations is obvious
proof of Turkey's intentions.

122. Our position is that any negotiations that are to
be conducted should take place in a free atmosphere
and without any encumbrances or prejudice or threats.
That is the spirit by which the representative of
France was moved, and I hope the representative of
Turkey will respond in the same spirit.

123. 1 come now to the point that was made
concerning concessions. Of course, any negotiation
implies concessions in a spirit of compromise. But
the important thing is that the product resulting from
the negotiation should be a workable and viable State.
If, therefore, making concessions means divisive
provisions that would disrupt the very concept of the
State, creating a State within a State and an unworkable
Constitution, that would not be constructive. For there
is no point in creating a State in a manner calculated

to disrupt it, leading to new situations of war and an
endless chain of attacks and counter-attacks.

124, 1submit that the spirit of the resolution proposed
by the representative of France must be seriously taken
into account. Let us hope that this will be the
beginning of the United Nations rising to the occasion
and moving forward in a constructive and remedial
way,

125. The PRESIDENT (translation from Russian):
1 call on the representative of Turkey.

126. Mr, OLCAY (Turkey): I apologize for speaking
a second time. Contrary to my newly adopted policy
of not taking the time of members of the Council in
answering Mr. Rossides, I will say the following. The
words ‘It was always invalid’, pronounced by
Mr. Rossides in regard to treaties solemnly signed by
his head of State, are proof, if proof be needed, of
what I said concerning the Greek Cypriot approach to
the principle pacta sunt servanda.

127. The PRESIDENT (translation from Russian):
I call on the representative of Cyprus.

128. Mr. ROSSIDES (Cyprus): The agreement signed
by the President of Cyprus was an obviously
unpalatable agreement that was imposed upon Cyprus.
Yet it was respected in every way. And this was
reaffirmed by the attitude taken at Geneva by the
Acting President, Mr. Clerides, namely, his willingness
to apply fully the agreements of 1960 in spite of the
difficulty in the application of certain of their
provisions. But Turkey did not accept this. And it was
the Turkish Cypriots who, by their withdrawal from
the Government and from the functioning of the
State, sought to bring about its disruption and collapse
at the time of the trouble in expectation of Turkish
intervention. Therefore any allegation of reneging is
not accurate.

The meeting rose at 9.05 p.m.

saz) oo ¥) igen fo pan) LS

lo Jolod 2 GB a gis panel + JL id pear J wg 2000 SAK (pda pa lg pie Jo J pall Kay
ain J agi pelt pebr bmidl V1: J 1 |

Lo lt te BY
RETHENE 2 RPS HENRNLHK RE, Nh HE SHRYEHINRAAINRA DANE,

HOW TO OBTAIN UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATIONS

United iJations publications may be obtained from bookstores and distributors
throughout the world. Consult your bookstore or write to: United Nations, Sales
Section, New York or Geneva.

COMMENT SE PROCURER LES PUBLICATIONS DES NATIONS UNIES

Les publications des Nations Unies sont en vente dans les librairies et los agences
dépositaires du monde entier. Informez-vous aupréa de votre libraire ou adreasez-vous
& : Nations Unies, Section dos ventes, Naw York ou Gendve.

KAK HOIYUHTh H3AAHHA OPTAHK 3ALHH OB BEAHHEHHLIYX HAILHA

Hapanus Opraunaaunn O6mbea 1x Hauuit KYNHTL B KMHKHMX MATO-INMAX H areHTCTBAX BO Becex pafloHax mupa. HasoauTe cnpasku of MajaHuAX B
BALIEM XKHHIKHOM Marajitie HAH NUILHTE no aapecy: OprasuIauuf O6heudeHHLIX
Haun, Cexyna no npogaxe HagaHun, Huio-Flopk unit Jeuena.

COMO CONSEGUIR PUBLICACIONES DE LAS NACIONES UNIDAS

Las publicaciones de las Naciones Unidas estén en vonta en librerfas y casas distri.
buidoras en todas partes del mundo. Consuite a su librero o dirfjase a: Naciones
Unklas, Seccién de Ventas, Nueva York o Ginebra.

Litho in United Nations, New York 00300 74-82001- April 1983-2,200

Voting Summary
Yes: 011 | No: | Abstentions: 004 | Non-Voting: | Total voting membership:
Y AUSTRALIA
Y AUSTRIA
A BELARUS
A CHINA
Y COSTA RICA
Y FRANCE
Y INDONESIA
A IRAQ
Y KENYA
Y MAURITANIA
Y PERU
A USSR
Y UNITED KINGDOM
Y CAMEROON
Y UNITED STATES