Security Council resolution 1070 (1996) [imposing air sanctions against the Sudan to reinforce implementation of Security Council resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054 (1996)]
Symbol: S/RES/1070(1996)
Date: 1996-08-16
Meeting record: S/PV.3690
Subjects: OAU Mechanism for the Prevention, Management and Resolution of Conflicts in Africa. Central Organ|Sudan Airways|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|SANCTIONS|AIR TRANSPORT|SUDAN|SANCTIONS COMPLIANCE
Notes: Imposes air sanctions against the Sudan to reinforce implementation of Security Council resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054 (1996).
Summary: Demands once again that the Government of the Sudan comply fully and without further delay with the requests set out in paragraph 4 of resolution 1044 (1996) as reaffirmed in paragraph 1 of resolution 1054 (1996); requests those States that have not yet taken steps to give effect to the provisions in paragraph 3 of resolution 1054 (1996) to report to the Secretary-General as soon as possible on measures taken to that end; decides that all States shall deny aircraft permission to take off from, land in, or overfly their territories if the aircraft is registered in the Sudan, or owned, leased or operated by or on behalf of the Sudan Airways or by any undertaking, wherever located or organized, which is substantially owned or controlled by the Sudan Airways, or owned, leased or operated by the Government or public authorities of the Sudan, or by an undertaking, wherever located or organized, which is substantially owned or controlled by the Government or public authorities of the Sudan; further decides that it shall, 90 days after the date of adoption of the resolution, determine the date of entry into force of the provisions set out in paragraph 3 and all aspects of the modalities of its implementation, unless the Council decides before then, on the basis of a report by the Secretary-General, on the compliance of the Sudan with the relevant demand; requests the Secretary-General, by 15 Nov. 1996, to submit a report on the matter.

UNITED
NATIONS                                                                      S
                 Security Council
                                                               Distr.
                                                               GENERAL

                                                               S/RES/1070 (1996)*
                                                               16 August 1996




                               RESOLUTION 1070 (1996)

               Adopted by the Security Council at its 3690th meeting,
                                 on 16 August 1996


     The Security Council,

     Recalling its resolutions 1044 (1996) of 31 January 1996 and 1054 (1996) of
26 April 1996,

     Having considered the report of the Secretary-General of 10 July 1996
(S/1996/541 and Add.1, 2 and 3),

     Taking note of the letters of 31 May 1996 (S/1996/402), 24 June 1996
(S/1996/464) and 2 July 1996 (S/1996/513) from the Permanent Representative of
the Sudan,

     Taking note also of the letter of 10 July 1996 (S/1996/538) from the
Permanent Representative of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia,

     Gravely alarmed at the terrorist assassination attempt on the life of the
President of the Arab Republic of Egypt, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on
26 June 1995, and convinced that those responsible for that act must be brought
to justice,

     Taking note that the statements of the Central Organ of the Organization of
African Unity (OAU) Mechanism for Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution
of 11 September 1995, and of 19 December 1995 (S/1996/10, annexes I and II)
considered the attempt on the life of President Mubarak as aimed, not only at
the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt, and not only at the sovereignty,
integrity and stability of Ethiopia, but also at Africa as a whole,

     Regretting the fact that the Government of Sudan has not yet complied with
the requests of the Central Organ of the OAU set out in those statements,

________________________

    *    Reissued for technical reasons.


96-21420 (E)                                                                 /...

S/RES/1070 (1996)
Page 2



     Taking note of the continued efforts of the OAU to ensure Sudan's
compliance with the requests of the Central Organ of the OAU, and regretting
that the Government of Sudan has not responded adequately to the efforts of the
OAU,

     Deeply alarmed that the Government of Sudan has failed to comply with the
requests set out in paragraph 4 of resolution 1044 (1996) as reaffirmed in
paragraph 1 of resolution 1054 (1996),

     Reaffirming that the suppression of acts of international terrorism,
including those in which States are involved is essential for the maintenance of
international peace and security,

     Determining that the non-compliance by the Government of Sudan with the
requests set out in paragraph 4 of resolution 1044 (1996) as reaffirmed in
paragraph 1 of resolution 1054 (1996) constitutes a threat to international
peace and security,

     Determined to eliminate international terrorism and to ensure the effective
implementation of resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054 (1996), and to that end
acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

     1.   Demands once again that the Government of Sudan comply fully and
without further delay with the requests set out in paragraph 4 of resolution
1044 (1996) as reaffirmed in paragraph 1 of resolution 1054 (1996);

     2.   Notes the steps taken by some Member States to give effect to the
provisions set out in paragraph 3 of resolution 1054 (1996), and requests those
States that have not yet done so to report to the Secretary-General as soon as
possible on the steps they have taken to that end;

     3.   Decides that all States shall deny aircraft permission to take off
from, land in, or overfly their territories if the aircraft is registered in
Sudan, or owned, leased or operated by or on behalf of Sudan Airways or by any
undertaking, wherever located or organized, which is substantially owned or
controlled by Sudan Airways, or owned, leased or operated by the Government or
public authorities of Sudan, or by an undertaking, wherever located or
organized, which is substantially owned or controlled by the Government or
public authorities of Sudan;

     4.   Further decides that it shall, 90 days after the date of adoption of
this resolution, determine the date of entry into force of the provisions set
out in paragraph 3 above and all aspects of the modalities of its
implementation, unless the Council decides before then, on the basis of a report
presented by the Secretary-General, on the compliance of Sudan with the demand
in paragraph 1 above;

     5.   Requests the Secretary-General, by 15 November 1996, to submit a
report on the compliance of Sudan with the provisions of paragraph 1 above;

     6.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

                                     -----

Texto español (official Spanish version): NACIONES
UNIDAS
                                                S
               Consejo de Seguridad
                                      Distr.
                                      GENERAL




96-21423 (S)                                    /...

S/RES/1070 (1996)
Página 2



                                                         S/RES/1070 (1996)*
                                                         16 de agosto de 1996




                                RESOLUCIÓN 1070 (1996)

            Aprobada por el Consejo de Seguridad en su 3690ª sesión,
                       celebrada el 16 de agosto de 1996


     El Consejo de Seguridad,

     Recordando sus resoluciones 1044 (1996) de 31 de enero de 1996 y
1054 (1996) de 26 de abril de 1996,

     Habiendo examinado el informe del Secretario General de 10 de julio de 1996
(S/1996/541 y Add.1, 2 y 3),

     Tomando nota de las cartas del Representante Permanente del Sudán de fechas
31 de mayo de 1996 (S/1996/402), 24 de junio de 1996 (S/1996/464) y 2 de julio
de 1996 (S/1996/513),

     Tomando nota también de la carta del Representante Permanente de la
República Democrática Federal de Etiopía de fecha 10 de julio de 1996
(S/1996/538),

     Gravemente alarmado por la tentativa terrorista de asesinato del Presidente
de la República Árabe de Egipto en Addis Abeba (Etiopía) el 26 de junio de 1995,
y convencido de que los responsables de ese acto deben comparecer ante la
justicia,

     Tomando nota de que en las declaraciones del Órgano Central del mecanismo
para prevenir, afrontar y resolver conflictos de la Organización de la Unidad
Africana (OUA) de 11 de septiembre de 1995 y de 19 de diciembre de 1995
(S/1996/10, anexos I y II) se consideró que el atentado contra la vida del
Presidente Mubarak estaba dirigido, no sólo contra el Presidente de la República
Árabe de Egipto, y no sólo contra la soberanía, la integridad y la estabilidad
de Etiopía, sino también contra África en su conjunto,




     *    Publicada nuevamente por razones técnicas.


                                                                                /...

                                                            S/RES/1070 (1996)
                                                            Página 3



     Lamentando el hecho de que el Gobierno del Sudán no haya atendido todavía
las peticiones del Órgano Central de la OUA que figuraban en esas declaraciones,

     Tomando nota de los esfuerzos constantes de la OUA por lograr que el Sudán
atienda las peticiones del Órgano Central de la OUA, y lamentando que el
Gobierno del Sudán no haya respondido adecuadamente a los esfuerzos de la OUA,

     Profundamente alarmado por el hecho de que el Gobierno del Sudán no haya
atendido las peticiones que figuran en el párrafo 4 de la resolución 1044
(1996), según se reafirma en el párrafo 1 de la resolución 1054 (1996),

     Reafirmando que la represión de los actos de terrorismo internacional,
incluso aquellos en que haya Estados involucrados, es esencial para mantener la
paz y la seguridad internacionales,

     Determinando que el hecho de que el Gobierno del Sudán no haya atendido las
peticiones formuladas en el párrafo 4 de la resolución 1044 (1996), según se
reafirma en el párrafo 1 de la resolución 1054 (1996), representa una amenaza
para la paz y la seguridad internacionales,

     Decidido a erradicar el terrorismo internacional y a velar por la
aplicación efectiva de las resoluciones 1044 (1996) y 1054 (1996) y, con ese
fin, actuando en virtud del Capítulo VII de la Carta de las Naciones Unidas,

     1.   Exige una vez más que el Gobierno del Sudán atienda plenamente y sin
más dilación las peticiones formuladas en el párrafo 4 de la resolución 1044
(1996), según se reafirma en el párrafo 1 de la resolución 1054 (1996);

     2.   Toma nota de las medidas adoptadas por algunos Estados Miembros para
llevar a efecto las disposiciones enunciadas en el párrafo 3 de la resolución
1054 (1996), y pide a los Estados que todavía no lo hayan hecho que informen al
Secretario General lo antes posible acerca de las medidas que hayan adoptado con
ese fin;

     3.   Decide que todos los Estados nieguen permiso para despegar de sus
territorios, aterrizar en ellos o sobrevolarlos a las aeronaves que estén
registradas en el Sudán o que sean propiedad de Sudan Airways o estén alquiladas
o sean explotadas por esta compañía o en nombre suyo o sean propiedad de una
empresa, dondequiera que esté situada u organizada, en la que Sudan Airways
tenga capital mayoritario o sobre la que ejerza un control mayoritario o estén
alquiladas o sean explotadas por dicha empresa, o sean propiedad del Gobierno o
de las autoridades públicas del Sudán o estén alquiladas o sean explotadas por
el Gobierno o las autoridades públicas del Sudán o sean propiedad de una
empresa, dondequiera que esté situada u organizada, en la que el Gobierno o las
autoridades públicas del Sudán tengan capital mayoritario o sobre la que ejerzan
un control mayoritario;

     4.   Decide además determinar, dentro de un plazo de 90 días a partir de la
fecha de aprobación de la presente resolución, la fecha de entrada en vigor de
las disposiciones enunciadas en el párrafo 3 supra y de todos los aspectos de
las modalidades de su aplicación, a no ser que el Consejo decida antes de esa
fecha, sobre la base de un informe que le presente el Secretario General, que el
Sudán ha cumplido lo que se le exige en el párrafo 1 supra;


                                                                               /...

S/RES/1070 (1996)
Página 4



     5.   Pide al Secretario General que, a más tardar el 15 de noviembre
de 1996, presente un informe sobre el cumplimiento por el Sudán de lo dispuesto
en el párrafo 1 supra;

     6.   Decide seguir ocupándose activamente de la cuestión.


                                     -----

Texte français (official French version): NATIONS
UNIES                                                                         S
             Conseil de sécurité
                                                               Distr.
                                                               GÉNÉRALE

                                                               S/RES/1070 (1996)*
                                                               16 août 1996




                                RÉSOLUTION 1070 (1996)

                 Adoptée par le Conseil de sécurité à sa 3690e séance
                                   le 16 août 1996

     Le Conseil de sécurité,

     Rappelant ses résolutions 1044 (1996) du 31 janvier 1996 et 1054 (1996) du
26 avril 1996,

     Ayant examiné le rapport du Secrétaire général daté du 10 juillet 1996
(S/1996/541 et Add.1, 2 et 3),

     Prenant note des lettres datées du 31 mai 1996 (S/1996/402), du
24 juin 1996 (S/1996/464) et du 2 juillet 1996 (S/1996/513), adressées par le
Représentant permanent du Soudan,

     Prenant note également de la lettre du 10 juillet 1996 (S/1996/538) émanant
du Représentant permanent de la République démocratique fédérale d'Éthiopie,

     Gravement alarmé par l'attentat terroriste dont le Président de la
République arabe d'Égypte a été la cible le 26 juin 1995 à Addis-Abeba
(Éthiopie), et convaincu que les auteurs de cet acte doivent être traduits en
justice,

     Notant que dans ses déclarations du 11 septembre et du 19 décembre 1995
(S/1996/10, annexes I et II), l'Organe central du Mécanisme pour la prévention,
la gestion et la résolution des conflits de l'Organisation de l'unité africaine
(OUA) a considéré que cet attentat contre le Président Moubarak n'était pas
seulement dirigé contre le Président de la République arabe d'Égypte et contre
la souveraineté, l'intégrité et la stabilité de l'Éthiopie, mais visait aussi
l'Afrique tout entière,

     Regrettant que le Gouvernement soudanais ne se soit pas encore conformé aux
demandes faites par l'Organe central du Mécanisme de l'OUA dans ces
déclarations,




     * Nouveau tirage pour raisons techniques.

96-21421   (F)     210896   210896                                            /...

S/RES/1070 (1996)*
Page 2



     Notant que l'OUA poursuit ses efforts pour obtenir que le Soudan se
conforme aux demandes de l'Organe central de l'OUA, et regrettant que le
Gouvernement soudanais n'ait pas répondu de manière adéquate aux efforts de
l'OUA,

     Profondément alarmé de constater que le Gouvernement soudanais ne s'est pas
conformé aux demandes énoncées au paragraphe 4 de la résolution 1044 (1996) et
réaffirmées au paragraphe 1 de la résolution 1054 (1996),

     Réaffirmant que la répression des actes de terrorisme international,
y compris ceux dans lesquels des États sont impliqués, est essentielle pour le
maintien de la paix et de la sécurité internationales,

     Considérant que le refus du Gouvernement soudanais de se conformer aux
demandes énoncées au paragraphe 4 de la résolution 1044 (1996) et réaffirmées au
paragraphe 1 de la résolution 1054 (1996) constitue une menace contre la paix et
la sécurité internationales,

     Résolu à mettre fin au terrorisme international et à faire respecter de
manière effective ses résolutions 1044 (1996) et 1054 (1996), et s'autorisant à
cet effet du Chapitre VII de la Charte des Nations Unies,

     1.   Exige une fois de plus que le Gouvernement soudanais se conforme
pleinement et sans plus attendre aux demandes énoncées au paragraphe 4 de la
résolution 1044 (1996) et réaffirmées au paragraphe 1 de la résolution
1054 (1996);

     2.   Prend note des mesures prises par certains États Membres pour donner
suite aux dispositions énoncées au paragraphe 3 de la résolution 1054 (1996) et
prie les États qui ne l'ont pas encore fait de rendre compte dès que possible au
Secrétaire général des mesures qu'ils ont prises à cet effet;

     3.   Décide que tous les États refuseront à tout aéronef l'autorisation de
décoller de leur territoire, d'y atterrir ou de le survoler si cet aéronef est
immatriculé au Soudan ou est détenu, loué ou exploité par Sudan Airways ou pour
le compte de cette compagnie ou par toute entreprise, où qu'elle soit située ou
établie, dont une part substantielle du capital est détenue ou contrôlée par
Sudan Airways, ou si ledit aéronef est détenu, loué ou exploité par le
Gouvernement ou les autorités publiques du Soudan ou par une entreprise, où
qu'elle soit située ou établie, dont une part substantielle du capital est
détenue ou contrôlée par le Gouvernement ou les autorités publiques du Soudan;

     4.   Décide en outre qu'il fixera, 90 jours après la date d'adoption de la
présente résolution, la date d'entrée en vigueur des dispositions énoncées au
paragraphe 3 ci-dessus ainsi que toutes les modalités, quelles qu'elles soient,
d'application de ces dispositions, à moins que le Conseil ne décide auparavant,
sur la base d'un rapport présenté par le Secrétaire général, que le Soudan s'est
conformé à l'exigence formulée au paragraphe 1 ci-dessus;

     5.   Prie le Secrétaire général de lui présenter, au plus tard le
15 novembre 1996, un rapport indiquant si le Soudan s'est conformé aux
dispositions du paragraphe 1 ci-dessus;

     6.   Décide de rester activement saisi de la question.

                                     -----

Русский текст (official Russian version): ?C'!=31!O3a
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     6.    B@FH">@&:b,H BD@*@:0"H\ "8H4&>@ 2">4<"H\Fb ^H4< &@BD@F@<.

                                            -----


النص العربي (official Arabic version): S                                                                             èb]SáÖK Üá©K
Distr.
GENERAL

S/RES/1070 (1996)*
16 August 1996
                                                                àá©K ˝ÖZá


                                           (@HHE) @IFI dKdÄÖK


                            èbëÄtáÖK <BEHI éS¸ÖZ ï{ àá©K ˝ÖZá ãc`RK ícÖK
                                       @HHE ˝o¸wK/M§ @E ï{


                                                                                <àá©K ˝ÖZá àõ


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                                                                         <@HHE ÑìdNô/àL¸îâ AE _dùáÖK


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@HHE ëìLá/dLìô B@ ê¥¥`dùáÖK àKbë¥¥¸ÖÖ Ü¥¥üKbÖK Mëb¥¥äáÖK Ñ¥¥üLgdN LáÖs n¥¥î]ì cõë
                  <(S/1996/513) @HHE éîÖëì/eëáR A ë <(S/1996/464) @HHE éîâëì/àKdìe] AC ë <(S/1996/402)


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                                                                      <(S/1996/538) @HHE éîÖëì/eëáR @I


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                                                                                          ¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥
                                                           .êîä{ MLOg© LådKbkõ bîsô           *



../..                                                                                          96-21418

                                                                            S/RES/1070 (1996)
                                                                            Arabic
                                                                            Page 2




                                                                    *9621418*
QLOÖoÖ àKbë¸ÖK ÑLWSáK àLámÖ bëçZÖK ÑcN ï{ êîÄìd{©K èb]ëÖK êáqäá dKdáSgLN LáÖs nî]ì cõë
êáqäá bëçZ uá ï{LÉÖK dbÄÖLN MëLZSR ÜÖ àKbë¸ÖK êáëÉ] à© }göì cõë <êáqäáÖK ãcçÖ íeÉdáÖK eLçZÖK
                                                                                 <êîÄìd{©K èb]ëÖK


@ICC dKdÄÖK àá C èdÄ|ÖK ï{ èbdKëÖK QLOÖoÖÖ àKbë¸ÖK êáëÉ] ÑLWSáK ÜbtÖ LxÖLN LseZ reZ bë
                                   <(@HHE) @IDC dKdÄÖK àá @ èdÄ|ÖK ï{ LåbîÉöR bîsô ïSÖKë <(@HHE)


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 =(@HHE) @IDC dKdÄÖK àá @ èdÄ|ÖK ï{ LåbîÉöR bîsô ïSÖKë (@HHE) @ICC dKdÄÖK àá C èdÄ|ÖK ï{ êäîOáÖK


èdÄ|ÖK ï{ èbdKëÖK ÜLÉ]©K cî|äSÖ òLms©K ÑëbÖK ltN LçRc`RK ïSÖK QKëo`ÖLN LáÖs nî]ì       - A
ÇÖSÖ LÄîÄ]R LçRc`RK ïSÖK QKëo`ÖLN ÜLtÖK àîá©K yÖOR ÜÖ ïSÖK ÑëbÖK àá PÖoìë <(@HHE) @IDC dKdÄÖK àá B
                                                         =àÉáá Të Mdô ï{ ÇÖc Ñt|R àô êìLxÖK


LådZöS¸R ëô LçÉÖáR ïSÖK ëô <àKbë¸ÖK ï{ êÖZ¸áÖK QKdüLoÖK ÑëbÖK uîáZ Üd]R àô ddÄì        - B
ÅîÖ]SÖK ëô Lçî{ ÑëeäÖK ëô LçîmKdô àá r®´LN àc´K àá <êîâKbë¸ÖK êìëZÖK nëo`ÖK êÉdi LçÖx˛R ëô
êìëZÖK nëo`ÖK êÉdi ÇÖáR <LçáîqäR àLÉáë LådÄá àLÉ Láäìô <ê†îå êì© êtNLSÖK QKdüLoÖK ÇÖcÉë <Lçë{
ëô àKbë¸ÖK êáëÉ] LçÖx˛R ëô LådZöS¸R ëô LçÉÖáR ïSÖK ëô <éî{ ÜÉ]SR ëô <Lçäá KdîOÉ KòeZ êîâKbë¸ÖK
bZë Láäìô <éî{ ÜÉ]SR ëô Lçäá KdîOÉ KòeZ êáLtÖK éRLoÖg ëô àKbë¸ÖK êáëÉ] ÇÖáR ê†îå ëô <êáLtÖK éRLoÖg
                                                                    =LçáîqäR àLÉáë ê†îçÖK ÇÖR dÄá


ÜLÉ]©K cL|â aìdLR <dKdÄÖK Kcå bLáSsK aìdLR àá Láëì HI dëdá btN <bb]ì àô Lmìô ddÄì      - C
fLgô óÖs <ÇÖc ÑO ˝ÖZáÖK ddÄì ÜÖ Lá <ãcî|äR QKòKdZõ PâKëZ uîáZë ã®sô B èdÄ|ÖK ï{ èbdKëÖK
                        =ã®sô @ èdÄ|ÖK ï{ bdKëÖK PÖoÖÖ ÑWSáK àKbë¸ÖK àô <ÜLtÖK àîá©K éábÄì dìdÄR


ÑLWSáK às KdìdÄR <@HHE dOá{ëâ/ïâLWÖK àìd˛R @D ÑëÖ]N <ÜbÄì àô ÜLtÖK àîá©K óÖõ PÖoì        D
                                                                    =ã®sô @ èdÄ|ÖK ÜLÉ]© àKbë¸ÖK

../..                                                                                    96-21418

S/RES/1070 (1996)
Arabic
Page 3



                            .ãdqâ bî êÖö¸áÖK ãcå òLÄNõ ddÄì   - E
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../..                                                            96-21418

Draft resolution (S/1996/664):
UNITED
NATIONS                                                                         S
                Security Council
                                                               Distr.
                                                               GENERAL

                                                               S/1996/664
                                                               16 August 1996

                                                               ORIGINAL:   ENGLISH




               Botswana, Egypt and Guinea-Bissau:   draft resolution


     The Security Council,

     Recalling its resolutions 1044 (1996) of 31 January 1996 and 1054 (1996) of
26 April 1996,

     Having considered the report of the Secretary-General of 10 July 1996
(S/1996/541 and Add.1, 2 and 3),

     Taking note of the letters of 31 May 1996 (S/1996/402), 24 June 1996
(S/1996/464) and 2 July 1996 (S/1996/513) from the Permanent Representative of
the Sudan,

     Taking note also of the letter of 10 July 1996 (S/1996/538) from the
Permanent Representative of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia,

     Gravely alarmed at the terrorist assassination attempt on the life of the
President of the Arab Republic of Egypt, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on
26 June 1995, and convinced that those responsible for that act must be brought
to justice,

     Taking note that the statements of the Central Organ of the Organization of
African Unity (OAU) Mechanism for Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution
of 11 September 1995, and of 19 December 1995 (S/1996/10, annexes I and II)
considered the attempt on the life of President Mubarak as aimed, not only at
the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt, and not only at the sovereignty,
integrity and stability of Ethiopia, but also at Africa as a whole,

     Regretting the fact that the Government of Sudan has not yet complied with
the requests of the Central Organ of the OAU set out in those statements,

     Taking note of the continued efforts of the OAU to ensure Sudan’s
compliance with the requests of the Central Organ of the OAU, and regretting
that the Government of Sudan has not responded adequately to the efforts of the
OAU,




96-21000 (E)   160896                                                           /...

S/1996/664
English
Page 2



     Deeply alarmed that the Government of Sudan has failed to comply with the
requests set out in paragraph 4 of resolution 1044 (1996) as reaffirmed in
paragraph 1 of resolution 1054 (1996),

     Reaffirming that the suppression of acts of international terrorism,
including those in which States are involved is essential for the maintenance of
international peace and security,

     Determining that the non-compliance by the Government of Sudan with the
requests set out in paragraph 4 of resolution 1044 (1996) as reaffirmed in
paragraph 1 of resolution 1054 (1996) constitutes a threat to international
peace and security,

     Determined to eliminate international terrorism and to ensure the effective
implementation of resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054 (1996), and to that end
acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

     1.   Demands once again that the Government of Sudan comply fully and
without further delay with the requests set out in paragraph 4 of resolution
1044 (1996) as reaffirmed in paragraph 1 of resolution 1054 (1996);

     2.   Notes the steps taken by some Member States to give effect to the
provisions set out in paragraph 3 of resolution 1054 (1996), and requests those
States that have not yet done so to report to the Secretary-General as soon as
possible on the steps they have taken to that end;

     3.   Decides that all States shall deny aircraft permission to take off
from, land in, or overfly their territories if the aircraft is registered in
Sudan, or owned, leased or operated by or on behalf of Sudan Airways or by any
undertaking, wherever located or organized, which is substantially owned or
controlled by Sudan Airways, or owned, leased or operated by the Government or
public authorities of Sudan, or by an undertaking, wherever located or
organized, which is substantially owned or controlled by the Government or
public authorities of Sudan;

     4.   Further decides that it shall, 90 days after the date of adoption of
this resolution, determine the date of entry into force of the provisions set
out in paragraph 3 above and all aspects of the modalities of its
implementation, unless the Council decides before then, on the basis of a report
presented by the Secretary-General, on the compliance of Sudan with the demand
in paragraph 1 above;

     5.   Requests the Secretary-General, by 15 November 1996, to submit a
report on the compliance of Sudan with the provisions of paragraph 1 above;

     6.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.


                                     -----

Meeting record:
United Nations                                                                                                             S/PV.3690


                 Security Council                                                                                                           Provisional
                 Fifty-first Year

                 3690th Meeting
                 Friday, 16 August 1996, 4.30 p.m.
                 New York




President:       Mr. Eitel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     (Germany)

Members:         Botswana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        Mr. Nkgowe
                 Chile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     Mr. Espinosa
                 China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     Mr. Qin Huasun
                 Egypt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     Mr. Elaraby
                 France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    Mr. Ladsous
                 Guinea-Bissau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .         Mr. Lopes Cabral
                 Honduras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      Mr. Martínez Blanco
                 Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     Mr. Wisnumurti
                 Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   Mr. Fulci
                 Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      Mr. Matuszewski
                 Republic of Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           Mr. Park
                 Russian Federation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          Mr. Lavrov
                 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland . . . . . . . .                          Sir John Weston
                 United States of America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .              Mr. Gnehm

Agenda
     Letter dated 9 January 1996 from the Permanent Representative of Ethiopia to the United Nations addressed to
     the President of the Security Council concerning the extradition of the suspects wanted in the assassination
     attempt on the life of the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on 26 June 1995
     (S/1996/10)

             Report of the Secretary-General pursuant to Security Council resolution 1054 (1996) (S/1996/541 and
             Add.1, 2 and 3)




96-86110 (E)                                       This record contains the original text of speeches delivered in English and interpretations of speeches
                                                   delivered in the other languages. The final text will be printed in the Official Records of the Security
                                                   Council. Corrections should be submitted to original speeches only. They should be incorporated
                                                   in a copy of the record and be sent under the signature of a member of the delegation concerned,
                                                   within one week of the date of publication, to the Chief of the Verbatim Reporting Service,
                                                   room C-178.

Security Council                                                                                          3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                             16 August 1996

     The meeting was called to order at 4.40 p.m.              Permanent Representative of the Sudan to the United
                                                               Nations addressed to the President of the Security
Adoption of the agenda                                         Council; and S/1996/538, letter dated 10 July 1996 from
                                                               the Permanent Representative of Ethiopia to the United
     The agenda was adopted.                                   Nations addressed to the President of the Security
                                                               Council.
Letter dated 9 January 1996 from the Permanent
Representative of Ethiopia to the United Nations                    The first speaker on my list is the representative of
addressed to the President of the Security Council             the Sudan, on whom I now call.
concerning the extradition of the suspects wanted in the
assassination attempt on the life of the President of the            Mr. Erwa (Sudan) (interpretation from Arabic):
Arab Republic of Egypt in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on            Allow me to begin by offering heartfelt congratulations,
26 June 1995 (S/1996/10)                                       Sir, on your assumption of the presidency of the Security
                                                               Council for this month. We have confidence in your
     Report of the Secretary-General pursuant to               wisdom and in your ability to lead the deliberations of the
     Security Council resolution 1054 (1996) (S/1996/541       Council to positive and just results. We would also like
     and Add.l, 2 and 3)                                       to express our appreciation to your predecessor,
                                                               Ambassador Dejammet, the Permanent Representative of
      The President: I should like to inform the Council       France, for the wisdom with which he conducted the
that I have received a letter from the representative of the   deliberations of the Council last month.
Sudan in which he requests to be invited to participate in
the discussion of the item on the Council’s agenda. In              Sudan’s firm condemnation of terrorism has been
conformity with the usual practice, I propose, with the        expressed in all international forums, including in the
consent of the Council, to invite that representative to       United Nations and in the Security Council. Our
participate in the discussion, without the right to vote, in   condemnation stems from our firm principle of refraining
accordance with the relevant provisions of the Charter and     from violence and following a path of peace and security.
rule 37 of the Council’s provisional rules of procedure.
                                                                      I should like to reiterate my country’s position for
     There being no objection, it is so decided.               all who would like to open their hearts, to understand and
                                                               to listen. The Sudanese Government and people forcefully
     At the invitation of the President, Mr. Erwa (Sudan)      condemn terrorism in all its forms and manifestations,
     took a seat at the Council table.                         irrespective of the reasons or motivations of those
                                                               responsible.
      The President: The Security Council will now begin
its consideration of the item on its agenda. The Security            Sudan has not, and will not, allow its territory to be
Council is meeting in accordance with the understanding        used for any act of terror or to be used as a shelter for
reached in its prior consultations.                            terrorists or by those who have eluded justice. Sudan, like
                                                               many other States, suffers day after day with those
     Members of the Council have before them the report        innocent civilians who lose their lives or who are harmed
of the Secretary-General pursuant to Security Council          as a result of terrorist acts perpetrated in many parts of
resolution 1054 (1996), documents S/1996 541 and               the world. Killing women and children, terrorizing
Addenda l, 2 and 3.                                            peaceful citizens, destroying property and taking innocent
                                                               civilians hostage cannot be accepted under any divine
     Members of the Council also have before them              law; nor can they be accepted by any human being who
document S/1996/664, which contains the text of a draft        believes in justice and peace.
resolution submitted by Botswana, Egypt and Guinea-Bissau.                                                              My delegation reiterates its firm positions of
                                                               principle, which have been repeated time and again and
     I should like to draw the attention of the members of     have not been heeded. We hope that this time the Council
the Council to the following documents: S/1996/402,            will listen and understand the seriousness and sincerity of
S/1996/464 and S/1996/513, which contain letters dated 31      our position.
May, 24 June and 2 July 1996, respectively, from the


2

Security Council                                                                                           3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                              16 August 1996

      Sudan renews its strong condemnation of the tragic              This is the stage we have reached in trying to trace
terrorist attempt on the life of the Egyptian President Hosni   one of the suspects whom Sudan was asked to extradite
Mubarak and firmly believes that those who participated in      under resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054 (1996). All
this terrorist crime must be brought to justice and punished.   members of the Council are aware of the press reports
Sudan expressed its full readiness to cooperate with all        published about the other suspect, Mustafa Hamza. They
parties to bring the suspects to justice, and took tangible     also know about his interviews with reporters from his
steps in this respect even before the subject was brought       hiding place, which was outside the control of the
before the Central Organ of the Mechanism for Conflict          Government of Afghanistan. Sudan drew the Council’s
Prevention, Management and Resolution of the                    attention to this fact before the adoption of resolution
Organization of African Unity (OAU), which discussed the        1054 (1996). Sudan tried at the time to verify the
question before it was brought to the Security Council.         information included in these reports by requesting the
                                                                Council to establish an investigative committee to verify
     Sudan sent a special presidential envoy to Ethiopia to     the information provided. When Sudan did not receive a
communicate the results arrived at by the commission of         positive response to the request, it tried unilaterally to
inquiry established by the President of the Republic on the     verify the information and then intensified its contacts
basis of the information provided by Ethiopia about the         with the Afghan Government. The Minister for Foreign
Egyptian suspects a month after the incident took place. But    Affairs of Afghanistan confirmed the presence of the
I would like to draw the attention of the members of the        suspect inside Afghanistan, in an area outside the control
Council to the fact that at that time Sudan gave Ethiopia the   of the Afghan Government.
landing card received by one of the suspects upon landing
at Khartoum airport immediately after the incident. Our               We concur with the members of the Council who
dealings with Ethiopia were completely open. We wanted          said that press reports cannot be considered hard evidence
to cooperate in the search for and apprehension of the          of the presence of the suspect in Afghan territory.
suspects. It is strange that that very same card was            However, the letter from the Afghan Foreign Minister
presented by our neighbour, Ethiopia, as proof of Sudan’s       confirming the press reports is before the Council today
involvement.                                                    in document S/1996/513. Furthermore, many members of
                                                                the Council have already verified the information and
     From the very beginning, Sudan approached the issue        know that the suspects are not in Sudan.
with good intentions and in a spirit of cooperation and
confidence in our integrity and innocence.                            What is asked of Sudan now? How can you give
                                                                what you do not have? To request Sudan to extradite
      I speak in full knowledge of the arrangements that        suspects it does not have is like asking it to try to square
were undertaken. The relevant authorities investigated this     the circle, and is unjustified — unless the objective is to
suspect who had entered Sudan, and they failed to find any      find an excuse to impose unjust sanctions.
trace of him there. We tried to trace him and find him,
even before the adoption of resolution 1044 (1996), and we           Security Council resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054
continue to do so. It has been proved beyond any doubt that     (1996) refer to three suspects. The issue of the third
the period that elapsed between his entry into Sudan and        suspect still raises many questions. What information
our receipt of the information from Ethiopia, when we           about him is available in Sudan, Ethiopia or Egypt? His
started the search, provided him with the opportunity to flee   name is Izat or Yasim. There is no photograph of him.
the country.                                                    However, it is known that he is an Egyptian national, 34
                                                                years old, is married and lives in the Amarat quarter of
      According to the information provided by Ethiopia, he     Khartoum. That is the information that is available — it
carries passports from many States, including Ethiopia, the     is the only information about him that Ethiopia has
country making the complaint, and Egypt, of which he is a       provided.
national. It is well known that Sudan is a vast country with
many points on its borders that cannot be controlled. But            At the beginning, Sudan tried to verify the
here I would like to mention in particular the fact that we     information provided about the character of the suspect,
continue to carry out our investigations into the route he      and the investigative commission tried to search the
took when he fled. Sudan is fully committed to providing        quarter where Ethiopia claimed he lived. However, we
any information it can in that respect.                         could find no trace of him and concluded that this person
                                                                does not exist, but is merely a fictitious character,


                                                                                                                          3

Security Council                                                                                             3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                                16 August 1996

unknown to us or to any of the other parties concerned with             Sudan is also committed to turning over all available
the matter.                                                       information, now and in the future, stemming from the
                                                                  ongoing investigations. However, Sudan cannot accept
      I would like to refer to a comment that attracted our       responsibility for the disappearance of the suspects or the
attention in a letter of 25 July 1995 from the President of       failure to find them, especially since we are certain they
Ethiopia, delivered to Sudan. This document claimed to            are not in Sudan. Those who claim they are in Sudan
include all the information about the suspects. Its annex 2       must provide us with the information that will lead us to
says of this fictitious suspect:                                  them.

(spoke in English)                                                      The rationale for holding Sudan responsible for the
                                                                  presence of those people on its territory during a certain
     “His full identity can be obtained from Mustafa              time period because they used Sudan as a transit point, or
     Hamza and from Husayn Ahmed Shair’Ali”.                      even because they resided in Sudan, can also be used to
                                                                  make each State through which they have passed or in
(spoke in Arabic)                                                 which they have resided during different periods
                                                                  responsible at those times. In this sense, Ethiopia, where
      This sentence persuaded me to re-examine the press          the crime took place and where the suspects remained for
interview with Mustafa Hamza, and compare it with the             a considerable period of time, entering and leaving
comments in the Ethiopian letter. I found out that he stated      Ethiopia over a two-year period, as mentioned in the
that two, not three, people had participated in the               Ethiopian document, can be considered directly
assassination attempt in Addis Ababa and were able to             responsible. Why did Ethiopia not discover them at the
leave the country. That confirmed our belief that this            time of their entries and departures? It is unacceptable to
suspect did not exist. Some might say that we cannot              fail to provide adequate information that would help us
depend on press releases by the suspect; that may be true.        find the suspects. Nor is it acceptable to use the pretext
What is clear is that the information presented about the so-     of protecting classified and delicate sources, because these
called third suspect is insufficient and unprofessional. No       sources are usually made available precisely at the critical
security or police force, regardless of how qualified, could      moment when they are needed, and not afterwards. I
trace a suspect on the basis of that information. Is Sudan        really do not believe that punishing and depriving people
required to chase mirages? That is my question.                   should be so easy or that protecting sources and witnesses
                                                                  should be more important than human lives.
       Despite my comments about the suspects, and the fact
that we made sure that they were not present in Sudan, we              I do not wish to take up much of your time.
seriously and earnestly tried to trace them and obtain any        However, the entire people of Sudan is being subjected to
additional information about them. In particular, we fully        sanctions, and the embargo is a result of unfounded
understand our responsibility towards the Sudanese people,        accusations from secret sources that cannot be revealed.
who have been subjected to sanctions because of the
extremely difficult demand made of Sudan to extradite the              Here I would like to raise some questions. Why
suspects for prosecution. Sudan spared no effort, employing       were those suspects brought to justice in secrecy? Why
all its technical and professional capability. It requested the   were Egyptian lawyers not permitted to see them? Why
assistance of Interpol in trying to locate the suspects and       was Mr. Garekhan not able to meet them? Why were the
the participation of a security team from Ethiopia and            Ambassadors of the permanent members of the Security
Egypt in searching for the suspects. We got no answer. I          Council not able to meet them? Why did the court
admit that we have so far failed to find the suspects. This       proceedings stop? It is ridiculous. It is astounding that
confirms our belief that they are not in Sudan.                   some parties would depend on information provided in a
                                                                  press conference with those suspects, who are protected
      Sudan shares the Council’s view about the need to           by law. However, they could not be brought to a court
punish those who attempted to assassinate the Egyptian            where they could say what they wanted to say.
President. Sudan is committed to extraditing them if they
are in its territory. It is also committed to cooperating with         Security Council resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054
the Member States concerned, the Organization of African          (1996) call on Sudan to desist from supporting terrorism
Unity and the United Nations in this respect. We hope that        and terrorists and from providing them with shelter. Thus
this cooperative spirit will be reciprocated.                     was a grave accusation levelled against Sudan and used


4

Security Council                                                                                           3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                              16 August 1996

as a pretext to punish it, despite the fact that no one has     Security Council resolutions. We also wish to spare our
given any firm evidence of actual occurrences. However,         people any suffering and to be fully dedicated to our
Sudan took the matter seriously and with great interest and     economic development, in cooperation with friendly and
it discussed the pretext that prompted this accusation. Sudan   brotherly countries.
is a country known throughout history for having avoided
any path that might lead to violence or terror and a country          Holding Sudan solely responsible for all terrorist acts
that has always advocated peace and love.                       that occur in neighbouring countries, in our region and in
                                                                the entire world will not solve the problem of
      The Sudanese Government seriously sought to enter         international terrorism. The solution to this disaster facing
into contacts with the countries that levelled these            humanity today lies in trying to tackle the real causes of
accusations because we in Sudan understand the reasons          the problem and then in addressing them, one after the
that led some States to do so. We took immediate actions        other. Making unfounded accusations against States —
after our dialogue and contacts and undertook specific          simply condemning them under the pretext of fighting
security measures, in accordance with their advice. We          terrorism — is not a solution to the problem.
expelled from Sudan all foreigners that aroused these
States’ concerns, especially those called the Arab Afghans,          I would like to mention that Sudan shares with the
whether or not they had engaged in hostile activities.          Security Council members and the international
                                                                community the desire to fight terrorism and wishes to
      Some might ask why these people are in Sudan, and         express its sincere willingness to cooperate with any State
this is a legitimate question. Here I would like to clarify a   to reach this objective. The victims of terrorism are our
very important fact. The presence of many Arabs and             brothers, our fathers, our mothers and our children.
Africans in Sudan is a result of the policy adopted by the
Sudanese Government six years ago. We do not require an               I want to reiterate that the steps taken by Sudan
entry visa for some Arabs and some nationals of African         were not a diversionary tactic, as some sought to make
States. We in Sudan would like to encourage interaction         them appear. They were genuine measures that yielded
with our Arab and African brothers and to encourage             tangible, well known results. They have become the
investment in our country. Such a policy is followed by         policy of the Sudanese Government, and these security
many States, including States of the European Union. This       measures can be verified, because Sudan is open to
policy was not invented by Sudan. It is a well-known            anyone who wishes to investigate and confirm the
practice in the international community. As a result of this    situation.
policy, many nationals of Arab and African States have
entered Sudan, and with an increase in their numbers and              In its two earlier resolutions, the Security Council
in the absence of any record of their presence, because they    called upon Sudan to improve its relations with its
have never applied for entry visas, some States started         neighbours. I shall not discuss the details of those
expressing concern with regard to some individuals or           resolutions or the circumstances of their adoption; I shall
groups.                                                         merely say that Sudan has 10 neighbour States, and has
                                                                extremely good, friendly relations with six of them, to
     The first reaction by the Government of Sudan,             which we are committed through various agreements and
following the attempt on the life of the Egyptian President     joint ministerial committees that meet regularly.
and the accusations levelled by certain Egyptians residing
in Sudan, was to reintroduce the visa system. We were then           What are the facts about our relations with the other
able to create a record of all foreigners residing in Sudan.    four States? Let us begin with Ethiopia, the country which
                                                                submitted the original complaint. Relations between
      Pursuant to Security Council resolutions 1044 (1996)      Sudan and Ethiopia had been very good, and were
and 1054 (1996), Sudan requested all foreigners to leave        gradually developing, apart from a few border problems
the country. Here I would like to clarify a very important      that were resolved through understandings reached
point. Sudan did not receive accusations from any State         between the parties. Relations continued to be friendly
against any of those expelled from Sudan. None of those         even after the tragic attempt on the life of the President
expelled is anyone who should be brought to justice in this     of Egypt. Owing to its gravity, that incident caused a
or any other country. All foreigners were expelled as a         misunderstanding between the two countries, which will
result of a decision taken by Sudan because we wish to be       come to an end as soon as the problem is resolved. That
outside the circle of suspicion and to comply with the          is why Sudan has been eager to continue its contacts with


                                                                                                                           5

Security Council                                                                                           3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                              16 August 1996

Ethiopia to try to settle the problem and move forward. Our           Sudan continues to try to pursue the mediation
efforts culminated in a meeting between the Presidents of       efforts to which I referred earlier. I thank the many States
Ethiopia and of Sudan at the African summit held at             that have undertaken endeavours in that connection, and
Yaounde, at which they discussed matters of interest to         today I urge them to continue to try to convince Uganda
both countries. They both reaffirmed their intention to         to accept negotiations and consultations to settle all
cooperate to prevent relations from deteriorating. We see       disputes between our two countries. I reiterate that Sudan
this as a first step, and want to reiterate our determination   is serious, and is ready to sit down at the negotiating table
to continue on this path. We are confident that our             with its neighbour to the South, Uganda, with a view to
neighbour Ethiopia shares that determination.                   normalizing relations.

      Our second neighbour is Uganda, with regard to which            I turn next to Eritrea. Eritrea is a poison dagger; it
we inevitably harbour some resentment. It is very well          is truly a wound festering on our eastern borders; it poses
known that Uganda has supported the insurgency movement         dangers that threaten to spread throughout the Horn of
in southern Sudan. From the start of that movement in           Africa.
1984, it has provided financial and moral support to the
insurgents, enabling them to attack Sudan from Ugandan                Eritrea is the only State in the world whose
territory. That support has continued since the current         President declares, in public and before the international
Government came to power. Sudan has constantly sought           mass media, that it will provide armed assistance to any
a rapprochement between our two countries. Even when our        opposition groups aiming to topple the legitimate
efforts seemed to yield success, this was only temporary,       Government of Sudan. Speaking about this support, he
for Uganda would soon return to its customary practices.        said to the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)
Sudan has tried to improve its relations with Uganda, and
has undertaken initiatives with respect to third-State          (spoke in English)
mediation: Malawi and, earlier, Libya and Austria have
engaged in mediation efforts. But whenever a date was set            “I would say the sky is the limit.”
for a meeting between officials of our two countries,
Uganda would fail to appear and make excuses to avoid the       (spoke in Arabic)
meeting. Ugandan troops have tried to support the
insurgency by entering Sudanese territory, but these            Yes, that is what the Eritrean President himself said to the
Ugandan attempts have been doomed to failure. Sudan has         BBC. I leave it to you, Mr. President, and to the other
always hoped that a solution to the situation could be found    members of this Council, to assess this statement by the
on a bilateral basis, and that Uganda would respond to one      Eritrean President.
of the mediation efforts. We have hoped too that the
situation could be resolved in an African context. That is            In addition, there were intrusions into Sudanese
why we have never brought the Ugandan aggression before         territory and the laying of mines inside residential areas,
the Security Council and have not spoken of the Ugandan         which killed many Sudanese citizens. This prompted
invasion.                                                       Sudan to draw the attention of the Council to such
                                                                practices. Here we can refer to Security Council
     But we now despair of a response by Uganda,                documents S/1995/569, S/1995/522, S/1994/133 and
especially since Uganda has accused Sudan of supporting         S/1994/71.
Christian fundamentalists within its southern border, even
though it knows perfectly well that the border area is not            While some try to blame the Sudanese side, let us
under Government control, but is controlled by the              look at Eritrean relations with its neighbours. Those
insurgents supported by Uganda itself.                          relations were the subject of daily editorials in the
                                                                international press. Even yesterday there were reports of
     I think that members of the Council are well aware of      attacks and military hostilities, and the Council and
the many problems between Uganda and all its other              international courts were made aware of it. The efforts
neighbours without exception. Some of these have come           made by some members of the Council for Eritrea to
before the Security Council. Hence, I think that members        improve its relations and settle its disputes with some of
know which party is attempting to destabilize the region.       its neighbours are known to everyone.




6

Security Council                                                                                             3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                                16 August 1996

      I would simply ask if Eritrea’s conduct and its             series of meetings between the two countries’ Foreign
aggressive attitude towards the Sudanese people and its           Ministers, their Ministers of the Interior and their
Government — its legitimately elected Government — are            Ministers of Information. It was agreed to establish
Sudan’s responsibility. Sudan and the Sudanese people             security committees to solve the security problems
have hosted and shared with the Eritrean people for years,        between the two countries.
due to the frivolous policies of the Eritrean
Government; — will they now be punished? Will they have                 The first meeting of these committees was held on
to suffer the harsh and repeated Eritrean acts of aggression,     3 July 1996 in Khartoum. It was a general preliminary
and then have to bear the blame?                                  meeting devoted to discussing the problems of the two
                                                                  parties with a view to reconvening within a week. Our
      The members of the Council will remember what we            security delegation in Sudan has been ready for the
said in document S/1996/358 about the Eritrean act of             convening of the second meeting since 10 July 1996. We
military aggression on Sudanese territory and the opening         are still attempting to contact the Egyptian leadership
of the Sudanese embassy in Asmara to the armed Sudanese           regarding the holding of this meeting.
opposition in a step that had no precedent in international
law or in civilized behaviour. Nevertheless, I would like to           I would like here to speak with the transparency
recall that Sudan did not initiate hostilities against Eritrea.   required in this Council. We heard our Egyptian brothers
It stands ready to eliminate the tension between the two          accuse us of procrastination and a lack of seriousness. I
countries if Eritrea shows its good intentions towards            would like to ask how a short preliminary meeting
Sudan, and if it desists forthwith from providing outlaws         intended to discuss a general framework and procedural
with armed support, from destabilizing Sudan and from             matters and to decide upon the details to be discussed can
terrorizing Sudanese citizens in the eastern part of our          be said to lack seriousness or be an occasion for
country.                                                          precrastination? How could our relations have deteriorated
                                                                  to a point where such a judgement could be made?
      Let us turn once more to a country that is our sister
and our neighbour, Egypt. We would like to state, as we                I would not like to speculate that the real intention
have done in the past, that the time-honoured relationships       was simply to waste precious time so that the matter
between our two peoples and our two countries are very            would be brought to the attention of this Council in order
special. This is a relationship that goes far back in history.    that more pressure would be brought to bear on Sudan.
It is as old as the Giza pyramids near Cairo and the
Birawia pyramids in the northern part of Sudan. It is as old            I would like to confirm here that in our view these
as the Nile valley, through which flows our life-giving           steps represented a very good and encouraging beginning,
blood. It is very difficult for people outside Egypt or Sudan     especially if we take into consideration the fact that these
to understand the depth and the complexity of this                meetings were considered the first of their kind between
relationship that has always been limited — at its best and       the leaders of the two countries in six years.
at its worst — to the two parties.
                                                                        That is why it may not be easy to hasten the results
      Perhaps it was destiny that led us today to this            and to expect an immediate resolution to all pending
landmark moment in the relationship between our two               questions between the two countries. Arriving at a
countries, a moment when the very special nature of our           solution to such questions with sisterly Egypt is one of
relationship is brought before international and even             the first strategic priorities of the Sudanese Government.
regional forums. This fills us with bitterness. However, we       Sudan is very serious in its approach. Sudan is fully
want to comply with the Security Council’s resolutions,           committed to the framework laid down by the Presidents
which obligate us to discuss our relationship with our            of our two countries to bring about a rapprochement and
sisterly neighbour through the Security Council.                  to solve all pending problems between us. The Sudanese
                                                                  Government has genuine and honest intentions that it
     Major efforts were made between the officials of our         would like to translate into tangible joint endeavours in
two countries; they were crowned with success at the              order to improve our relationship.
summit meeting between President Hosni Mubarak and
President Omer Hassan Ahmed Al-Bashir in Cairo. No                     Ultimately, Sudan would have hoped that sisterly
observer could describe the meeting as anything but a             Egypt would not be a force behind attempts to impose
success. Proof of this success is that it was followed by a       sanctions on the Sudanese people, a people that has


                                                                                                                            7

Security Council                                                                                           3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                              16 August 1996

always had sincere concern for the problems and worries of      that the Council intends to take today, although some
the Egyptian people. Sudan has always been a natural            believe it was simply a means to delay discussion of the
extension of Egypt, as Egypt has been of Sudan. Allow me        subject with a view to granting Sudan more time, is an
to quote a line of Arabic poetry that describes the situation   attempt to prejudge Sudan. The victims will be the
between us and the Egyptian people: the injustice of            peaceful Sudanese people and the region as a whole.
kinsmen is more painful than the blow of a sword.
                                                                      Allow me to pose a legitimate question. Is the
     These are the efforts that we in Sudan made, in all        international community keen on punishing people by
honesty, in an effort to comply with the Security Council       imposing sanctions, or is it using this means to maintain
resolutions. Despite the many concerns and objections we        international peace and security and to solve problems?
voiced at the time, Sudan has been fully committed from         We are faced with a situation in which positive steps are
day one to the implementation of all the resolutions.           being taken: things are moving forward, not backward.
Sudan’s continued efforts are not made with regard solely       Imposing sanctions in this case reaffirms that the intention
for our neighbouring countries, but for all countries of the    is to punish people. Here, I would like to say that the way
world, and especially for the major Powers. Our efforts         in which the Council has discussed this subject will be a
genuinely express our respect for international legitimacy      very bad example for other States seeking justice from the
and for the basic principles of peaceful coexistence between    international community, particularly since all Sudan
countries and peoples.                                          wanted was justice and nothing more. For many States,
                                                                what Sudan has come to face in the Security Council is
      All we are asking of the international community in       simply injustice in its worst form.
general, and from the Security Council in particular, is
fairness and justice. We ask that the whole question be               In conclusion, I would like to reiterate that the
viewed objectively in the light of the steps already taken by   principles that Sudan has set forth are truth, justice,
Sudan. No one can really deny that these steps were taken;      consultation and peace. That is why the accusations
Sudan knows that all members of the Council, without            levelled against Sudan run counter, in principle, to the
exception, admitted that Sudan had taken some positive          premises on which we base our policies and practices.
steps. What was the result? Did the Council encourage           Sudan will for ever remain true to these principles, in
Sudan to proceed with these steps by lifting some of the        conformity with our heritage and our history as a Member
sanctions, or at least give us the chance, to take further      State that effectively participates in the maintenance of
positive steps? Or did it warn of further sanctions which, if   international peace and security. As such, Sudan will
applied, would have adverse humanitarian and economic           spare no effort and leave no stone unturned to consecrate
effects, not only on Sudan, but on the Horn of Africa           these principles and to continue to comply with all the
region in general?                                              resolutions of the Security Council, because we are fully
                                                                committed to international legitimacy.
      The draft resolution before the Council today follows
the path of the imposition of sanctions. Members of the              The President: I take it that the representative of
Security Council and of the United Nations in general are       Sudan was not aware of the Council’s new practice of
well aware of the destructive results of these sanctions and    forgoing compliments addressed to the President and to
of their repercussions on people. The view of the               his predecessor. All the same, I want to thank him for the
international community on the imposition of sanctions was      kind words addressed to my predecessor and to myself.
reflected in the consensus arrived at by the Subgroup on
sanctions within the framework of the Open-ended Working             It is my understanding that the Council is ready to
Group on An Agenda for Peace, which confirmed, among            proceed to the vote on the draft resolution before it.
other things, the need to avoid the adverse long- and short-    Unless I hear any objection, I shall put the draft
term effects inflicted upon people as a result of sanctions.    resolution to the vote.
Sudan holds the Security Council and its members
responsible in the eyes of history for the draft resolution          There being no objection it is so decided.
they are about to adopt. Logic would indicate that the
Sudan’s cooperation and serious attempts to comply with             I shall first call on those members of the Council
the Council resolutions should be met with encouragement        who wish to make statements before the voting.
by the Council, not by a warning that further sanctions will
be imposed on a suppressed and weak people. The measure


8

Security Council                                                                                           3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                              16 August 1996

     Sir John Weston (United Kingdom): Despite                  needs to do more to comply with the demands of Security
everything that has just been said by the representative of     Council resolution 1044 (1996).
Sudan, to which I listened carefully, my delegation is
unfortunately not persuaded that Sudan has yet complied              By adopting this draft resolution the Security
with the Council’s demands in resolutions 1044 (1996) and       Council will show the Government of Sudan that it
1054 (1996). Sudan has not extradited the three suspects        remains engaged in this matter, and that it will not
wanted in connection with the assassination attempt on          hesitate to implement air sanctions after a period of 90
President Mubarak, and many of Sudan’s neighbours               days if Sudanese compliance is not forthcoming.
remain concerned about its support for terrorist activities
within their territories.                                            Finally, we urge those States that have not yet
                                                                reported to the Secretary-General on the steps they have
     That is why the Council has to take further action. It     taken to implement resolution 1054 (1996) to do so.
has nothing to do with the orientation of the current           Rigorous enforcement of sanctions is an important factor
Government in Sudan: it is purely and simply a necessary        in ensuring Sudanese compliance.
response to Sudan’s failure to respond adequately to the
demands of this Council and of the Organization of African            Mr. Gnehm (United States of America): The
Unity (OAU).                                                    international community has demanded two simple steps
                                                                of Sudan: the surrender of the three remaining suspects
     We therefore welcome the initiative of Egypt in            responsible for plotting the terrorist attack on Egyptian
bringing forward the draft resolution on which we are about     President Mubarak and, secondly, the end of its support
to vote. We fully support the measures it contains, and we      for terrorism.
hope that they will contribute to an early change of heart in
Khartoum.                                                            The Government of Sudan so far has refused to
                                                                comply with these straightforward requirements. The
    The solution to the problem is simple: the Government       Secretary-General’s latest report makes that fact quite
of Sudan must recognize international concern about its         plain.
behaviour and comply with the demands of the Security
Council and the OAU.                                                  What we have witnessed instead, and what we have
                                                                heard today, is a phony Sudanese public relations
      One of the principal demands of this draft resolution     campaign to try to convince the world that Sudan has
and the previous resolutions is the requirement for Sudan to    cooperated in the security field. As adoption of this draft
ensure that the three suspects wanted in connection with the    resolution will make clear, the international community is
assassination attempt on President Mubarak are brought to       neither confused nor distracted by such tactical ploys.
justice in Ethiopia. We remain convinced that the               Instead, it is prepared to apply measured, incremental
Government of Sudan knows where they are. If they are           pressure on the Government of Sudan until it meets fully
still in Sudan, the answer is straightforward: the              its obligations. The Council will act today in a manner
Government must extradite them to Ethiopia under the            which carefully avoids aggravating the humanitarian crisis
terms of the bilateral extradition treaty. If, as may be the    in the Sudan. We will ensure that if Sudan forces us to
case, Sudan has helped at least one of the three to leave the   implement sanctions on its airline, humanitarian relief will
country, this draft resolution clearly requires that the        continue.
Government of Sudan must take immediate action,
including, for example, by providing the necessary                    This draft resolution is what I might call a wake-up
evidence, to bring about extradition to Ethiopia. We will       call to the Sudanese authorities. In 90 days we will meet
not be satisfied until Sudan has secured this objective, and    to decide the entry into force of the sanctions agreed to
has also ceased to support international terrorism.             today and to set up their modalities. Because of the
                                                                binding nature of today’s decision, there can be no
     We have noted with interest the moves Sudan has            question of backtracking if the Sudanese remain obstinate.
made to distance itself from some of the terrorist groups it    There must be no confusion on that point.
has supported, and we have noted the claims made by the
Government of Sudan that it has demonstrated its readiness           This grace period has one purpose: to give the
to cooperate with all parties concerned in seeking and          Sudanese a chance to abandon their attempt to defy the
apprehending the suspects. But we consider that it still        will of the Security Council and the norms of


                                                                                                                          9

Security Council                                                                                              3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                                 16 August 1996

international decency. There is one way, and one way only,         terrorist act as at isolating Sudan. In order to satisfy
for the Sudanese Government to avoid these sanctions: to           short-term interests, the voices were ignored of those —
take meaningful and convincing steps to cooperate in               including my delegation — who strongly objected to the
tracking down the three suspects and to bring an end to            unsound practice of imposing sanctions on the basis of
Sudanese support for terrorist groups.                             vague, and therefore hard-to-meet demands, without
                                                                   clearly formulated criteria and conditions for their
      International terrorism targets unprotected people,          imposition and lifting.
people who want only to live in privacy and peace. All
Member States face its threat. World leaders have stressed              Unfortunately, a repetition of this approach can be
their commitment to the battle against terrorism time and          seen in this draft resolution. It is true that this time the
time again. Today we take a small step forward in that             sponsors sensibly gave up the idea of an automatic
campaign. Our patient approach must not be misread in              imposition of a partial air embargo against Sudan; that
Khartoum. Our collective commitment to eradicating                 was a step in the right direction. However, the draft
terrorism is unflagging. Continued Sudanese                        resolution predetermines the inevitability of an air
non-compliance with the demands of the international               embargo. We are surprised that this was decided without
community not only will bring these measures into force,           an attempt being made to assess the negative
but will compel consideration of further steps.                    humanitarian consequences of this measure for the
                                                                   population of Sudan, despite the fact that our delegation
      Mr. Lavrov (Russian Federation) (interpretation from         suggested that such a prior evaluation be conducted.
Russian): Russia has always taken the position of resolutely       Moreover, paragraph 3 of the draft resolution would
resisting international terrorism in all its manifestations. In    impose sanctions not only on Sudan Airways but on all
combating this extremely dangerous threat to world peace           other Sudanese airlines, which have never been accused
and security, we cooperate with various States in a concrete       of anything.
and constructive manner, as well as with international and
regional organizations. Russia’s contribution in preparing              The question arises of how Sudan should comply
the anti-terrorist decisions of the Group of 8, adopted in         with the provisions of resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054
Lyons and Paris, is clear proof of our consistent policy in        (1996), as, in several aspects, these provisions go beyond
this regard.                                                       the limits of Sudan’s national jurisdiction and real
                                                                   capacity.
     Russia decisively condemned the attempted
assassination of the President of Egypt in Addis Ababa. We               The rash use of the sanctions instrument is not only
are making persistent efforts to see to it that an objective       destructive for the people of Sudan and the countries of
investigation into this crime, on the basis of facts, is carried   the region, but creates a precedent which could do real
out and that its perpetrators are brought to justice.              damage to the Security Council’s authority by giving the
                                                                   impression that the Council is not able to draw
      This job can be accomplished only through                    conclusions from past lessons. A paradoxical situation
constructive cooperation between all interested parties,           arises: on the one hand, during various informal
including within the Organization of African Unity (OAU)           consultations and in discussion in bodies of the General
and other regional mechanisms, as well as at the bilateral         Assembly, broad support is given to the need to take into
level, with the involvement, if necessary, of competent            account and minimize the negative consequences of
international agencies. In particular, we are familiar with        sanctions, inter alia for third countries, and the need to
the pertinent proposals made by Interpol, but unfortunately,       establish clear criteria and time- limits; on the other hand,
so far they have been left floating in the air. Important          when it comes to taking specific decisions in concrete
additional information might come to light also during the         situations, the old approaches are followed.
in camera trial going on in Addis Ababa, and we repeat our
request for members of the Security Council to be informed              In this light, the Russian delegation cannot support
about this trial.                                                  the draft resolution. However, we deem it possible not to
                                                                   stand in the way of its adoption. We trust that if, after
     We cannot fail to be concerned by the fact that when          three months, it falls to the Security Council to consider
resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054 (1996) were adopted, the          again the question of Sudan, common sense will prevail,
prevailing approach in the Security Council was aimed not          and a commitment will be made to the goal of a realistic
so much at investigating those suspected of perpetrating a         campaign against terrorism, not an attempt to use this


10

Security Council                                                                                          3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                             16 August 1996

slogan to punish regimes that some find unpalatable. We        two of the three suspects and has also called upon
believe that such a discussion, if it takes place in three     Interpol for assistance. It has also stated its condemnation
months’ time, should be conducted only on the basis of an      of terrorism and has taken the necessary steps to ensure
appropriate report of the Secretary-General, which should      that it is not perpetrated from its territory. Moreover, the
reflect both the possible humanitarian consequences of the     Sudanese Government has made efforts to extradite many
measures being considered by the Security Council and an       possible perpetrators of terrorism. These efforts follow the
analysis of specific ways to resolve the issue, taking into    spirit of paragraph 1 (b) of resolution 1054 (1996). We
account the proposals of Interpol and the progress made in     also note that Sudan’s letter of 2 July 1996 states that
Addis Ababa in the in camera trial.                            efforts are being made to enhance bilateral relations
                                                               between Egypt and the Sudan as part of its intention to
     We are convinced that the problem of bringing the         improve relations with its neighbouring countries.
suspects to justice must and can be urgently resolved. We
hope that the Government of Sudan, in the spirit of its              However, on the assumption that the three suspects
well-known proposals and promises, will, in cooperation        are no longer in the country, the Sudan would not be in
with the authorities of Ethiopia, Egypt and other interested   a position to comply fully with the provisions of the
States, take real steps to attain that goal.                   relevant resolutions. Given the insufficient information
                                                               available at this juncture, we believe that it would be
     Mr. Wisnumurti (Indonesia): Let me begin by               more constructive for the Council to further encourage the
expressing the Indonesian delegation’s appreciation to the     Sudan to undertake efforts to provide information on the
Secretary-General for his report, contained in document        suspects, including their whereabouts, by allowing more
S/1996/541 of 10 July 1996 and its addenda, concerning the     time and avoiding overly harsh measures that in the end
implementation of Security Council resolution 1054 (1996).     may prove to be counterproductive in their attempt to
We consider that the report reflects a balanced and            ensure the Sudan’s cooperation with the international
objective view, since it takes into account not only the       community. We therefore cannot but express our
measures taken by Member States but also the initiatives       reservations regarding the imposition of wide-ranging
taken by the Sudanese Government in its efforts to comply      sanctions against Sudan Airways, as reflected in
with the relevant Security Council resolutions.                paragraph 3 of the draft resolution. Although the ban on
                                                               Sudan Airways is primarily targeted at its international
      We, like others, are deeply concerned by the             flights, we are none the less concerned that it would also
assassination attempt against President Hosni Mubarak of       have an impact on its domestic activities, particularly the
the Arab Republic of Egypt in Addis Ababa in June 1995.        transport of humanitarian needs, since these two aspects
Such an act of violence can only be decried in the strongest   are closely interlinked.
terms, and the perpetrators must be brought to justice.
Indeed, the Indonesian delegation has always held a                 While fully realizing that, under paragraphs 4 and 5
steadfast position against international terrorism, as that    of the draft resolution, implementation of these measures
constitutes one of the most flagrant violations of human       and consideration of all the aspects of the modalities of
rights. In this regard, the Indonesian delegation wishes to    implementation would not be determined by the Council
reiterate its view that the Sudan bears the ultimate           until 90 days after the date of adoption of the draft
responsibility for fully complying with the provisions of      resolution on the basis of the facts established by the
Security Council resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054 (1996)       Secretary-General, we feel that the timing of
by apprehending the perpetrators of this act of violence, as   incorporating such measures in the draft is not
well as by refraining from providing support or shelter to     appropriate. Moreover, our understanding regarding these
terrorists on its territory. We are therefore encouraged to    modalities would also include a fixed duration for the
note that this aspect has already been incorporated into       imposition of such sanctions.
paragraph 1 of the draft resolution before us.
                                                                     The Indonesian delegation is concerned about the
      Notwithstanding this, the Indonesian delegation has      extent of the impact of sanctions on the Sudan, since it is
believed, from the beginning, that a gradual approach to       one of the poorest countries in the world. Their
dealing with the matter would have been preferable,            imposition would have detrimental effects on the innocent
particularly in the light of the efforts made by the Sudan.    civilian population and impact negatively on the economy.
As reflected in the letters of 31 May 1996 and 24 June         We would like to reiterate that, as a matter of principle,
1996, the Sudanese Government has made efforts to find         the imposition of sanctions as a means of bringing


                                                                                                                        11

Security Council                                                                                           3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                              16 August 1996

pressure to bear on Governments is a matter of utmost           declared commitments should be backed up by further
seriousness. Sanctions are not meant to be punitive.            concrete actions.
Therefore, the adverse humanitarian impact, in particular in
the case of the Sudan, must not be so quickly dismissed.             We believe that the purpose of the draft resolution
                                                                before us is to send a clear message to Sudan that there
     In this regard, it is my view that in order for a          is no substitute for compliance with the Council’s
resolution to achieve its desired effects and to become an      demands. It contains no forceful measures to be
effective tool to rectify a situation, it is imperative to      implemented immediately. However, the measures
address not only the concerns of the issue at hand, but also    specified in paragraph 3 of the draft resolution to be
to maintain strict adherence to the basic principle of          adopted represent a clear warning of what could follow if,
non-punitive sanctions. For it would be a meaningless           and only if, the Government of Sudan fails to comply
exercise if resolutions were adopted which were not             with the demands reiterated in paragraph 1 within 90
implementable, as this would only affect the Council’s own      days. The central merit of this phased approach is that
credibility. If fundamental principles are not respected,       Sudan’s compliance within the next 90 days obviates
however good intentions may be, a resolution may not            altogether the need to actually implement paragraph 3.
adequately address the matter.                                  We appeal to Sudan to make the best use of the
                                                                additional grace period allowed under the draft resolution
     The draft resolution before us today essentially           to comply fully and promptly with the demands of the
addresses the continued non-compliance by the Sudanese          Security Council.
Government with the requests set out in paragraph 4 of
resolution 1044 (1996) and reaffirmed in paragraph 1 of              With these remarks, my delegation will vote in
resolution 1054 (1996). Considering that the basic tenets       favour of the draft resolution before the Council.
remain that those responsible for the assassination attempt
must be brought to justice and that the Sudan has the                 Mr. Qin Huasun (China)(interpretation from
responsibility to comply with the relevant Security Council     Chinese): During the deliberations on the present item in
resolutions, and in the light of the observations I have just   the Security Council, the Chinese delegation has
expressed, my delegation will vote in favour of the draft       reaffirmed on many occasions that it has consistently and
resolution.                                                     resolutely been opposed to any form of terrorist activities.

      Mr. Park (Republic of Korea): More than seven                   In our view, all terrorists should be brought to
months have passed since the Security Council first acted       justice. The attempt on the life of President Mubarak of
upon the issue at hand by adopting resolution 1044 (1996),      Egypt constitutes a serious incident. All sides concerned
calling upon the Government of Sudan, inter alia, to            should join in a common effort to apprehend the suspects
comply with the requests of the Organization of African         for prosecution. Ever since the Council adopted Security
Unity to extradite the three suspects wanted in connection      Council resolution 1054 (1996), all sides concerned have
with the assassination attempt on the life of President         made considerable efforts to implement its relevant
Mubarak of Egypt and to desist from supporting terrorist        provisions. In his report, the Secretary-General also
activities. Nearly four months ago the Council acted under      pointed out that as a party directly concerned, the Sudan
Chapter VII of the Charter to reiterate its demands by          has on many occasions indicated in specific terms its
adopting resolution 1054 (1996).                                opposition to terrorism and has taken some practical
                                                                actions. In our view, the Council should continue to
      My delegation regrets the lack of progress in the         encourage all sides to make greater efforts in order to
implementation of paragraph 1 of Security Council               settle the question as soon as possible.
resolution 1054 (1996). We believe that the Sudanese
Government can and should meet the demands of the                    China’s position of principle on sanctions is a
Security Council. When it comes to paragraph 1 (b) of           consistent one. We do not consider sanctions a panacea
resolution 1054 (1996), we note that some positive steps        because sanctions, or the tightening of sanctions, cannot
have been taken by the Government of Sudan. We welcome          solve a problem; they may, on the contrary, further
the Sudanese Government’s condemnation of terrorism and         aggravate the problem. Restrictions on Sudan Airways
its commitment to ensure that no terrorist activities are       constitute an escalation in the sanctions regime on the
tolerated in Sudanese territory. We believe that Sudan’s        Sudan.



12

Security Council                                                                                          3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                             16 August 1996

     Although the draft resolution before us does not                My country’s relations with this region of Africa are
determine the date of entry into force of its provisions, it   very old and, traditionally, intense. Italy therefore wishes
represents a clear decision on imposing such sanctions. This   that genuine peace may soon return to the region, and that
question concerning the Sudan is already quite complicated.    is why we have always been at the forefront of providing
We are concerned that tightening sanctions against the         and coordinating humanitarian assistance to the people of
Sudan might further compound the problem. The Chinese          Sudan. At the same time, I think that we must reaffirm
delegation proposed some amendments to the draft               strongly that an end to acts of international terrorism is
resolution during consultations. These reasonable              essential for the maintenance of international peace and
suggestions have regrettably not found acceptance.             security. That is the reason why Italy will vote in favour
Therefore, we cannot but abstain in the vote on the draft      of the draft resolution.
resolution before us.
                                                                     Mr. Nkgowe (Botswana): During the meeting at
     We believe that as long as the parties concerned          which resolution 1054 (1996) was adopted, on 26 April
pursue the path of dialogue and consultations in good faith    1996, my delegation expressed the hope and the belief
and with seriousness of purpose, a satisfactory solution can   that the Government of the Sudan would comply fully
ultimately be found to all problems. We earnestly hope that    with the demands of resolution 1044 (1996). We
this will happen.                                              expressed confidence in the ability of the Sudan to avoid
                                                               an escalation of the situation by facilitating the handover
      Mr. Fulci (Italy): The draft resolution before us was    of the three suspects to Ethiopia for prosecution.
prepared and introduced by the three African countries
sitting on the Security Council. The Italian delegation has          Let me reiterate once again that, as an African
great respect for the positions of the African members of      country, Botswana harbours no ill feelings or intentions
the Council, and from the very beginning their                 towards the brotherly people of the Sudan. Reason,
Governments have worked on the case we are examining           however, dictates that the suspects who made an attempt
within the framework of the Organization of African Unity.     on the life of President Mubarak of Egypt must be
                                                               brought to justice in accordance with the demands of
      This draft resolution meets, in our opinion, the         resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054 (1996). We trust that
Security Council’s purpose: to make known to the               this time our brothers in the Sudan will fully comply with
Government of Khartoum the further measures the Security       those resolutions and thus avoid a situation in which the
Council is prepared to take. It is our hope that Sudan will    Security Council might be pushed into taking certain
be able to comply with the pertinent resolution, thereby       actions to ensure compliance with its resolutions. The
avoiding a dangerous isolation of its country from the         draft resolution before the Council specifies possible
international community.                                       measures that may be imposed against the Sudan in case
                                                               of continued lack of compliance with prior resolutions. It
      The letter sent by the Sudanese Government to the        definitely gives the Sudan ample time to implement the
Secretary-General and the clear condemnation of terrorism      resolutions of the Council. It would be most unfortunate
and the commitment to cooperate in the investigation that      indeed if at the end of the 90-day grace period the
we have just heard from the Permanent Representative of        Council were to find itself with no option but to impose
Sudan indicate that that Government is aware of the need       the measures foreseen in the present draft resolution.
to do something about the international community’s
perception of Sudan as a provider of support and shelter to          I wish to conclude by once again imploring the
international terrorist organizations.                         Government of Sudan to comply fully with the demands
                                                               of resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054 (1996). We hope the
      However, the initiatives undertaken so far by the        Government of the Sudan will respond positively to the
Government of Khartoum appear to fall short of full            demands of those resolutions and that the draft resolution
compliance with the demands of the Security Council, in        on which we are about to vote will be the last to be
particular, with the ones concerning the finding and           adopted by the Council on this question.
extradition to Ethiopia of the suspects wanted in connection
with the assassination attempt on the life of President             Mr. Lopes Cabral (Guinea-Bissau) (interpretation
Mubarak of Egypt, which took place in Addis Ababa on 26        from French): Very soon — only hours — after the
June 1995.                                                     attempt to assassinate President Mubarak, Guinea-Bissau
                                                               condemned that act of terrorism. We consider that any


                                                                                                                        13

Security Council                                                                                            3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                               16 August 1996

State offering passage, logistics or shelter to terrorists has        China, Russian Federation
explicitly established its own complicity and thus bears
international responsibility.                                         The President: The result of the voting is as
                                                                 follows: 13 votes in favour, none against and 2
       As noted, my country has sponsored the draft              abstaining. The draft resolution has been adopted as
resolution before the Council. It did so not out of automatic    resolution 1070 (1996).
African solidarity but because of a position based on clear
principles. The Government of Guinea-Bissau is opposed to            I shall now call on those members of the Council
terrorism and will spare no effort in attacking terrorism in     who wish to make statements following the voting.
all its forms. This does not mean that we are about to make
a general statement on this matter, as we had an                       Mr. Elaraby (Egypt) (interpretation from Arabic):
opportunity, when resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054 (1996)        It is almost four months since the Security Council
were adopted, to discuss the question at length and clearly      adopted resolution 1054 (1996), in which it reaffirmed its
to state our position.                                           demand that the Sudanese Government comply with two
                                                                 clear, specific demands earlier set out in two resolutions
      However, as we are about to vote on this very              of the Organization of African Unity, which had taken the
important draft resolution, I wish to take advantage of this     view that this matter posed a threat to the security of the
opportunity on behalf of my Government to reaffirm our           African continent.
firm determination to contribute to the struggle against
international terrorism in all its forms. Today’s draft                The first demand was the extradition to Ethiopia of
resolution is not aimed at the people of Sudan. As its           the three suspects sheltered in Sudan and wanted in
provisions indicate, it is intended to inform the Government     connection with the criminal assassination attempt on the
of Sudan that it must take the decision to bring to justice      life of the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt in
the individuals implicated in this act of terrorism. In our      Addis Ababa. The second demand was that Sudan desist
view, it is important that the Khartoum Government comply        from supporting terrorist activities and from giving shelter
with the draft resolution within 90 days so that we are not      to terrorist elements.
forced once again to cite it for lack of respect for or noncompliance with decisions of the Security Council, which              Since the adoption of that resolution in April, and
would oblige us to take measures that could be injurious to      despite the fact that it imposed limited diplomatic
the people of Sudan.                                             measures to compel Sudan to comply with the demands
                                                                 of the international community, we note that Sudan has
      We hope that in the coming 90 days the Government          persisted in its attempts to avoid complying with the
of Sudan and the Security Council will be able to affirm         Security Council’s requests, as is clear from the July
that the provisions of the draft resolution have been            report of the Secretary-General.
observed and that we are in a position to bring to justice
the individuals implicated in the attack.                              We in Egypt had hoped that the Sudanese regime
                                                                 would fully understand the clear message of resolution
     The President: I now put to the vote the draft              1054 (1996), namely, that the Council will never tolerate
resolution contained in document S/1996/664.                     the conduct of any Government anywhere in support of
                                                                 international terrorism or in providing on its territory any
     A vote was taken by show of hands.                          shelter or sanctuary for traitors who have sold out their
                                                                 countries, consciences and religion and who are
In favour:                                                       determined to use terrorism as a means to their ends.
     Botswana, Chile, Egypt, France, Germany, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Indonesia, Italy, Poland, Republic              This hope was reinforced when President Hosni
     of Korea, United Kingdom of Great Britain and               Mubarak met with his Sudanese counterpart, President
     Northern Ireland, United States of America                  Omer Al-Bashir, in Cairo at the Arab summit. At the time
                                                                 Egypt thought that Sudan had the political will expected
Against:                                                         of it by the international community. At that time Egypt
    None                                                         accepted Sudan’s request to open a channel of
                                                                 communications between the countries’ security
Abstaining:


14

Security Council                                                                                          3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                             16 August 1996

authorities to discuss the subjects that represent real               Egypt — whose people feel real bitterness — hopes
problems in this respect.                                       that the coming period will witness positive developments
                                                                from Sudan, in terms of the extradition of the suspects,
      Unfortunately, Egypt hopes were dashed when we            the provision of any information Sudan has about them
realized that Sudan’s aim was not to enter into a dialogue,     and the severance of all relations — I repeat, all
but rather to try to take advantage of Egypt’s assent to        relations — with terrorist organizations so that the
starting that dialogue to give the false impression to the      interests of the brotherly people of Sudan will not suffer.
international community that it was doing what was
expected of it.                                                        Allow me to conclude today, as I concluded my
                                                                statement last April by saying that every Egyptian
      Egypt thinks that the resolution just adopted by the      understands and feels the special nature of the age-old
Council and sponsored by the African countries of the           historical relations in the Nile valley that link the two
Council, resolution 1070 (1996), is a mere wake-up call         peoples of Egypt and Sudan. We in Egypt consider our
addressed to Sudan. It says that Sudan must cooperate with      country a natural extension of Sudan and Sudan an
the Council and with the concerned countries — especially       extension of Egypt. Whatever touches the people of
Egypt and Ethiopia — in order to comply with the requests       Sudan touches the people of Egypt, and vice versa. Egypt
of the Council contained in previous resolutions and            is very eager for the Sudanese Government to turn on to
reaffirmed in today’s resolution.                               the right path so that the Sudanese people will enjoy
                                                                prosperity and good relations with all their neighbours,
      It is extremely difficult for Egypt to return to the      especially with us in Egypt. We are confident that the
Security Council because of Sudan’s refusal to cooperate in     deep-going ties that link our peoples in the north and
the implementation of the resolutions of the Council. What      south of the Nile valley, and which have been enhanced
the international community has announced is that it must       during the course of history, will, God willing, for ever
combat international terrorism by all means. No one fully       continue to grow stronger, like the waters of the Nile, the
knows how deep and friendly are the relations that link the     life-line of Sudan and Egypt.
Egyptian people with the Sudanese people: their ties are as
old as the Nile, are enhanced by geographical proximity,              Mr. Ladsous (France) (interpretation from French):
neighbourly relations, a common language, the similarity of     The Security Council has been considering the question
their social customs and the human relations between the        of Sudan since the beginning of the year. It took up the
two peoples in the Nile valley since time immemorial.           question following serious events that endangered the life
Moreover, we in Egypt consider that the common destiny          of the Egyptian President. It was following the attempted
of Egypt and Sudan is a fact. That is something we have         assassination of Mr. Mubarak that the Council requested,
felt since the dawn of history.                                 in resolution 1044 (1996) of 31 January 1996, that Sudan
                                                                extradite the three suspects and renounce terrorism.
      On this basis, I would like to repeat here very clearly
what I said on behalf of my Government throughout the                Thus far, Sudan has not fully satisfied these two
consultations: Egypt finds it unacceptable to be behind         basic points. The Council emphasized this once again
anything that affects the interests of the Sudanese people,     when it adopted a second resolution on 26 April 1996,
adds to its economic suffering in its daily life or harms its   resolution 1054 (1996), to prevail upon the Sudanese
territorial integrity.                                          authorities to meet their obligations.

      On the other hand, our brothers in Sudan should                 We must say today that that second warning by the
understand that the resolutions of the Security Council         Council has not been completely heeded. It is true that the
should be respected and implemented. That is why we call        Khartoum Government has made some efforts to
on the Sudanese Government to take advantage of the grace       implement the two Council resolutions, but we believe
period given it by the Council, until the middle of             that the efforts made to date are inadequate.
November 1996, to translate sweet talk into proper action.
The old Arab verse that the representative of Sudan quoted,          It therefore seems timely to us for the Council to
describes, as a matter of fact, the feelings of the Egyptian    step up its pressure on the Sudanese authorities so that
people, because the Egyptian people never expected the          they will fully discharge their obligations under
infiltration of terrorism from brotherly Sudan.                 resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054 (1996).



                                                                                                                        15

Security Council                                                                                            3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                               16 August 1996

     That is why the Council has just adopted a resolution       endanger international peace and security by supporting
containing a decision to impose air sanctions against Sudan.     terrorism. By postponing the decision on the actual entry
The text also provides that the date of entry into force of      into force of sanctions, the resolution provides the
those sanctions, as well as the modalities of their              Government of Sudan with a chance to take the necessary
implementation, will be the subject of discussions to take       action. We sincerely hope that this chance is not to be
place within 90 days.                                            lost.

      The Government of France intends to see to it that              With this in mind, the Polish delegation voted in
these new sanctions are understood not as a punishment but       favour of the resolution.
as an incentive. That is why the Council must think about
how they should be applied, and in particular about their              Mr. Espinosa (Chile) (interpretation from Spanish):
duration. In our view, these measures should not penalize        With its vote in favour, my delegation contributed to the
the people of Sudan by making them suffer additional             adoption of the resolution introduced by three African
restrictions that could have serious humanitarian                States that are members of the Security Council. From the
consequences.                                                    beginning, we expressed our alarm at and condemnation
                                                                 of the treacherous assassination attempt against President
     In any event, these measures will not enter into force      Mubarak of Egypt. With this resolution, the Council sends
yet. And we hope that the Sudanese authorities will take         a clear signal that Sudan must respond to the requests
advantage of the three-month period granted them to bring        contained in paragraph 4 of resolution 1044 (1996) and
themselves into compliance with resolutions 1044 (1996)          reaffirmed in resolution 1054 (1996). Like France, we
and 1054 (1996).                                                 view these provisions as incentives and not as
                                                                 punishment. We believe the resolution provides a
      The sanctions against Sudan are not inevitable. It is up   reasonable grace period for the adoption of the measures
to the Government of Sudan to demonstrate that they may,         necessary to meet the requirements of the Council in this
indeed, be avoided.                                              matter.

      Mr. Matuszewski (Poland): The Polish delegation                  This is not a resolution of immediate effect. In due
stated its position on the issue before us on 31 January         course, when the time limit provided for in operative
1996 and on 26 April 1996.                                       paragraph 4 has elapsed, we will have an opportunity to
                                                                 properly assess the situation and its developments. We
     My country condemns terrorism in all its forms.             express our hope that this assessment will make it
Having examined very carefully the report of the                 unnecessary for us to take further measures. To this end,
Secretary-General of 10 July 1996, as well as other relevant     we will be paying attention to everything that occurs, to
documents, we have to concur with the conclusion that the        all information the Secretary-General can provide us and
Government of Sudan has failed to comply with the                to information from any other relevant source. And if,
demands contained in resolutions 1044 (1996) and 1054            regrettably, it turns out that measures have to be adopted,
(1996).                                                          we will see to it that in their application account is taken
                                                                 of their possible humanitarian implications inter alia.
     We therefore urge that Government to take immediate         Should sanctions have to be implemented, we are
and effective steps to fulfil its obligations, including         interested in ensuring that they do not bring harm to the
measures which would ensure that the persons suspected of        Sudanese people. In the view of my country, to the extent
committing an attempt on the life of President Mubarak of        possible we must avoid creating innocent victims in the
Egypt are brought to justice, as stipulated in this Council’s    fight against terrorism.
resolutions and in the documents of the Organization of
African Unity.                                                        The President: I shall now make a statement in my
                                                                 capacity as the representative of Germany.
      The resolution the Security Council has just adopted
confirms that the international community expects the                 The subject we are talking about today is terrorism.
Government of Sudan to fully comply with the demands of          Once again we are dealing with the very serious matter of
this Council and of the Organization of African Unity. It is     the attempted assassination of the President of Egypt,
also evidence of this Council’s determination in pursuing all    Hosni Mubarak, on 26 June of last year.
possible options to influence the behaviour of those who


16

Security Council                                                                                       3690th meeting
Fiftieth year                                                                                          16 August 1996

      My Government’s position on terrorism has been           a position to take the required measures. The sanctions
pointed out clearly: we will not give in to terrorism; we      should not bring unnecessary suffering to the civilian
have to fight it. Those who have committed terrorist acts      population.
have to be brought to justice. Those who have supported
terrorists have to bear the consequences.                            Sudan is given another 90 days to comply with these
                                                               resolutions. Now it is up to Sudan to show that its words
      On several occasions the Council has discussed this      are followed by deeds. We call upon the Sudanese
matter and urged the Government of Sudan to comply with        Government to give clear evidence of its cooperation and
the requests of the Organization of African Unity (OAU).       to do its utmost to bring about the extradition of the
Twice the Security Council has adopted resolutions asking      suspects and to provide the international community with
for the extradition of the suspects and calling upon the       all the information necessary so that the suspects can be
Sudanese Government to desist from any kind of support         prosecuted in Ethiopia.
for terrorist activities.
                                                                    On the basis of these considerations, Germany voted
     The decision on further sanctions is not an easy one.     in favour of the adoption of this resolution.
As we stated earlier, the purpose of sanctions should not be
punishment. The sanctions are aiming at those who are in            There are no further speakers. The Security Council
                                                               has thus concluded the present stage of its consideration
                                                               of the item on its agenda.

                                                                    The Security Council will remain seized of the
                                                               matter.

                                                                    The meeting rose at 6.40 p.m.




                                                                                                                     17

Voting Summary
Yes: 013 | No: 000 | Abstentions: 002 | Non-Voting: 000 | Total voting membership: 015
Y BOTSWANA
Y CHILE
A CHINA
Y EGYPT
Y FRANCE
Y GERMANY
Y GUINEA-BISSAU
Y HONDURAS
Y INDONESIA
Y ITALY
Y POLAND
Y REPUBLIC OF KOREA
A RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Y UNITED KINGDOM
Y UNITED STATES