Security Council resolution 918 (1994) [on expansion of the mandate of the UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda and imposition of an arms embargo on Rwanda]
Symbol: S/RES/918(1994)
Date: 1994-05-17
Meeting record: S/PV.3377
Subjects: UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda|OAU|UN. Special Representative for the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda|UN. SECURITY COUNCIL COMMITTEE ESTABLISHED PURSUANT TO RESOLUTION 918 (1994) CONCERNING RWANDA > ESTABLISHMENT.|Arusha Peace Agreement (1993)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|AIRPORTS|DEMILITARIZED ZONES|KIGALI (RWANDA)|CEASEFIRES|POLITICAL VIOLENCE|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|EMERGENCY RELIEF|ARMS EMBARGO|RWANDA|RWANDA SITUATION|MILITARY PERSONNEL|STAFF SECURITY|CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|ESTABLISHMENT|RWANDAN REFUGEES|REFUGEE ASSISTANCE
Notes: Imposes an arms embargo on Rwanda and extends the mandate of the UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda.
Summary: Decides to expand UNAMIR's mandate under resolution 912 (1994) to include the following additional responsibilities: (a) to contribute to the security and protection of displaced persons, refugees and civilians at risk in Rwanda (b) to provide security and support for the distribution of relief supplies and humanitarian relief operations; strongly urges all parties in Rwanda to cooperate fully with UNAMIR in the implementation of its mandate, and further calls upon them to treat Kigali airport as a neutral zone under the control of UNAMIR; decides that States shall prevent the sale or supply to Rwanda by their nationals or from their territories or using their flag vessels or aircraft of arms and related matériel of all types, including weapons and ammunition, military vehicles and equipment, paramilitary police equipment and spare parts; decides to establish a Committee of the Security Council consisting of all the members of the Council, to undertake the following tasks: (a) to seek from all States information regarding the action taken by them concerning the effective implementation of the embargo (b) to consider any information brought to its attention by States concerning violations of the embargo (c) to recommend appropriate measures in response to violations of the embargo.

UNITED
NATIONS                                                                        S
                 Security Council
                                                               Distr.
                                                               GENERAL

                                                               S/RES/918 (1994)
                                                               17 May 1994




                               RESOLUTION 918 (1994)

               Adopted by the Security Council at its 3377th meeting,
                                   on 17 May 1994


     The Security Council,

     Reaffirming all its previous resolutions on the situation in Rwanda, in
particular its resolution 872 (1993) of 5 October 1993 by which it established
the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR), its resolution
909 (1994) of 5 April 1994 which extended the mandate of UNAMIR until
29 July 1994, and its resolution 912 (1994) of 21 April 1994 by which it
adjusted the mandate of UNAMIR,

     Recalling the statements made by the President of the Council on
7 April 1994 (S/PRST/1994/16) and 30 April 1994 (S/PRST/1994/21),

     Having considered the report of the Secretary-General dated 13 May 1994
(S/1994/565),

     Reaffirming its resolution 868 (1993) of 29 September 1993 on the security
of United Nations operations,

     Strongly condemning the ongoing violence in Rwanda and particularly
condemning the very numerous killings of civilians which have taken place in
Rwanda and the impunity with which armed individuals have been able to operate
and continue operating therein,

     Stressing the importance of the Arusha Peace Agreement to the peaceful
resolution of the conflict in Rwanda and the necessity for all parties to
recommit themselves to its full implementation,

     Commending the efforts of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) and its
organs, as well as the efforts of the Tanzanian Facilitator, in providing
diplomatic, political, and humanitarian support for the implementation of the
relevant resolutions of the Council,

     Deeply concerned that the situation in Rwanda, which has resulted in the
death of many thousands of innocent civilians, including women and children, the


94-21836 (E)                                                                   /...

S/RES/918 (1994)
Page 2



internal displacement of a significant percentage of the Rwandan population, and
the massive exodus of refugees to neighbouring countries, constitutes a
humanitarian crisis of enormous proportions,

     Expressing once again its alarm at continuing reports of systematic,
widespread and flagrant violations of international humanitarian law in Rwanda,
as well as other violations of the rights to life and property,

     Recalling in this context that the killing of members of an ethnic group
with the intention of destroying such a group, in whole or in part, constitutes
a crime punishable under international law,

     Strongly urging all parties to cease forthwith any incitement, especially
through the mass media, to violence or ethnic hatred,

     Recalling also its request to the Secretary-General to collect information
on the responsibility for the tragic incident that resulted in the death of the
Presidents of Rwanda and Burundi,

     Recalling further that it had requested the Secretary-General to make
proposals for the investigation of reports of serious violations of
international humanitarian law during the conflict,

     Underlining the urgent need for coordinated international action to
alleviate the suffering of the Rwandan people and to help restore peace in
Rwanda, and in this connection welcoming cooperation between the United Nations
and the OAU as well as with countries of the region, especially the facilitator
of the Arusha peace process,

     Desiring in this context to expand the mandate of UNAMIR for humanitarian
purposes, and stressing the importance it attaches to the support and
cooperation of the parties for the successful implementation of all aspects of
that mandate,

     Reaffirming its commitment to the unity and territorial integrity of
Rwanda,

     Recognizing that the people of Rwanda bear ultimate responsibility for
national reconciliation and reconstruction of their country,

     Deeply disturbed by the magnitude of the human suffering caused by the
conflict and concerned that the continuation of the situation in Rwanda
constitutes a threat to peace and security in the region,

                                       A

     1.   Demands that all parties to the conflict immediately cease
hostilities, agree to a cease-fire, and bring an end to the mindless violence
and carnage engulfing Rwanda;

     2.   Welcomes the report of the Secretary-General dated 13 May 1994
(S/1994/565);


                                                                              /...

                                                                S/RES/918 (1994)
                                                                Page 3



     3.   Decides to expand UNAMIR’s mandate under resolution 912 (1994) to
include the following additional responsibilities within the limits of the
resources available to it:

     (a) To contribute to the security and protection of displaced persons,
refugees and civilians at risk in Rwanda, including through the establishment
and maintenance, where feasible, of secure humanitarian areas;

     (b) To provide security and support for the distribution of relief
supplies and humanitarian relief operations;

     4.   Recognizes that UNAMIR may be required to take action in self-defence
against persons or groups who threaten protected sites and populations, United
Nations and other humanitarian personnel or the means of delivery and
distribution of humanitarian relief;

     5.   Authorizes in this context an expansion of the UNAMIR force level up
to 5,500 troops;

     6.   Requests the Secretary-General, as recommended in his report, and as a
first phase, immediately to redeploy to Rwanda the UNAMIR military observers
currently in Nairobi and to bring up to full strength the elements of the
mechanized infantry battalion currently in Rwanda;

     7.   Further requests the Secretary-General to report as soon as possible
on the next phase of UNAMIR’s deployment including, inter alia, on the
cooperation of the parties, progress towards a cease-fire, availability of
resources and the proposed duration of the mandate for further review and
action, as required, by the Council;

     8.   Encourages the Secretary-General to accelerate his efforts, in
conjunction with the Secretary-General of the OAU, to obtain from Member States
the necessary personnel to enable deployment of the expanded UNAMIR to proceed
urgently;

     9.   Invites Member States to respond promptly to the Secretary-General’s
request for the resources required, including logistical support capability for
rapid deployment of the UNAMIR expanded force level and its support in the
field;

     10. Strongly urges all parties in Rwanda to cooperate fully with UNAMIR in
the implementation of its mandate and in particular in ensuring its freedom of
movement and the unimpeded delivery of humanitarian assistance, and further
calls upon them to treat Kigali airport as a neutral zone under the control of
UNAMIR;

     11. Demands that all parties in Rwanda strictly respect the persons and
premises of the United Nations and other organizations serving in Rwanda, and
refrain from any acts of intimidation or violence against personnel engaged in
humanitarian and peace-keeping work;

     12. Commends the efforts of States, United Nations agencies and
non-governmental organizations which have provided humanitarian and other

                                                                              /...

S/RES/918 (1994)
Page 4



assistance, encourages them to continue and increase such assistance, and urges
others to provide such assistance;

                                       B

     Determining that the situation in Rwanda constitutes a threat to peace and
security in the region,

     Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

     13. Decides that all States shall prevent the sale or supply to Rwanda by
their nationals or from their territories or using their flag vessels or
aircraft of arms and related matériel of all types, including weapons and
ammunition, military vehicles and equipment, paramilitary police equipment and
spare parts;

     14. Decides also to establish, in accordance with rule 28 of the
provisional rules of procedure of the Security Council, a Committee of the
Security Council consisting of all the members of the Council, to undertake the
following tasks and to report on its work to the Council with its observations
and recommendations:

     (a) To seek from all States information regarding the action taken by them
concerning the effective implementation of the embargo imposed by paragraph 13
above;

     (b) To consider any information brought to its attention by States
concerning violations of the embargo, and in that context to make
recommendations to the Council on ways of increasing the effectiveness of the
embargo;

     (c) To recommend appropriate measures in response to violations of the
embargo imposed by paragraph 13 above and provide information on a regular basis
to the Secretary-General for general distribution to Member States;

     15. Calls upon all States, including States not Members of the United
Nations, and international organizations to act strictly in accordance with the
provisions of the present resolution, notwithstanding the existence of any
rights or obligations conferred or imposed by any international agreement or any
contract entered into or any licence or permit granted prior to the date of the
adoption of this resolution;

     16. Decides that the provisions set forth in paragraphs 13 and 15 above do
not apply to activities related to UNAMIR and UNOMUR;

     17. Requests the Secretary-General to provide all necessary assistance to
the Committee and to make the necessary arrangements in the Secretariat for this
purpose;




                                                                            /...

                                                                S/RES/918 (1994)
                                                                Page 5



                                        C

     18. Requests the Secretary-General to present a report as soon as possible
on the investigation of serious violations of international humanitarian law
committed in Rwanda during the conflict;

     19. Invites the Secretary-General and his Special Representative, in
coordination with the OAU and countries in the region, to continue their efforts
to achieve a political settlement in Rwanda within the framework of the Arusha
Peace Agreement;

     20. Decides to keep the situation in Rwanda under constant review and
requests the Secretary-General to report further, including on the humanitarian
situation, within five weeks of the adoption of this resolution and again in
good time before the expiration of the current mandate of UNAMIR;

     21.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.


                                      -----

Texto español (official Spanish version): NACIONES
UNIDAS
                                                                               S
                  Consejo de Seguridad
                                                        Distr.
                                                        GENERAL

                                                        S/RES/918 (1994)
                                                        17 de mayo de 1994




                                RESOLUCIÓN 918 (1994)

               Aprobada por el Consejo de Seguridad en su 3377ª sesión,
                           celebrada el 17 de mayo de 1994


    El Consejo de Seguridad,

     Reafirmando todas sus resoluciones anteriores relativas a la situación en
Rwanda, en particular su resolución 872 (1993), de 5 de octubre de 1993, por la
que estableció la Misión de Asistencia de las Naciones Unidas a Rwanda (UNAMIR),
su resolución 909 (1994), de 5 de abril de 1994, por la que prorrogó el mandato
de la UNAMIR hasta el 29 de julio de 1994, y su resolución 912 (1994), de 21 de
abril de 1994, por la que modificó el mandato de la UNAMIR,

     Recordando las declaraciones formuladas por el Presidente del Consejo el
7 de abril de 1994 (S/PRST/1994/16) y el 30 de abril de 1994 (S/PRST/1994/21),

     Habiendo examinado el informe del Secretario General de fecha 13 de mayo
de 1994 (S/1994/565),

     Reafirmando su resolución 868 (1993), de 29 de septiembre de 1993, relativa
a la seguridad de las operaciones de las Naciones Unidas,

     Condenando enérgicamente la violencia actual en Rwanda y condenando, en
particular, las muy numerosas matanzas de civiles que han tenido lugar en el
país y la impunidad con que individuos armados han podido actuar y siguen
actuando en el país,

     Subrayando la importancia del Acuerdo de Paz de Arusha para lograr una
solución pacífica del conflicto de Rwanda y la necesidad de que todas las partes
reafirmen su compromiso de aplicarlo plenamente,

     Encomiando las gestiones realizadas por la Organización de la Unidad
Africana (OUA) y sus órganos, así como las realizadas por el propiciador
tanzaniano del proceso de paz, con el fin de dar apoyo diplomático, político y
humanitario para la aplicación de las resoluciones pertinentes del Consejo,

     Profundamente preocupado al constatar que la situación en Rwanda, que ha
causado la muerte de muchos miles de civiles inocentes, mujeres y niños entre
ellos, el desplazamiento interno de una proporción considerable de la población

94-21839 (S)      160594   160594                                              /...

S/RES/918 (1994)
Página 2


de Rwanda y el éxodo masivo de refugiados hacia países vecinos, representa una
crisis humanitaria de enormes dimensiones,

     Expresando una vez más su alarma por los continuos informes sobre
violaciones sistemáticas, generalizadas y manifiestas del derecho internacional
humanitario en Rwanda, así como sobre otras violaciones del derecho a la vida y
a la propiedad,

     Recordando en este contexto que la matanza de miembros de un grupo étnico
con la intención de destruirlo en todo o parte constituye un crimen punible en
virtud del derecho internacional,

     Instando encarecidamente a todas las partes a que se abstengan de inmediato
de toda incitación, especialmente por los medios de difusión, a la violencia o
al odio étnico,

     Recordando también su petición al Secretario General de que reuniera
información sobre la responsabilidad por el trágico incidente en que resultaron
muertos los Presidentes de Rwanda y Burundi,

     Recordando asimismo que había pedido al Secretario General que presentara
propuestas para investigar los informes de violaciones graves del derecho
internacional humanitario durante el conflicto,

     Subrayando la necesidad urgente de una acción internacional coordinada para
mitigar los sufrimientos del pueblo rwandés y contribuir a restablecer la paz en
Rwanda y, a este respecto, tomando nota con beneplácito de la cooperación de las
Naciones Unidas con la Organización de la Unidad Africana (OUA), así como con
los países de la región, y especialmente con el propiciador del proceso de paz
de Arusha,

     Deseando en este contexto ampliar el mandato de la UNAMIR con fines
humanitarios y subrayando la importancia que asigna al apoyo y la cooperación de
las partes para la ejecución con éxito de todos los aspectos de ese mandato,

     Reafirmando su empeño en preservar la unidad y la integridad territorial
de Rwanda,

      Reconociendo que incumbe en última instancia al pueblo de Rwanda la
responsabilidad por la reconciliación nacional y la reconstrucción de su propio
país,

     Profundamente inquieto por la magnitud de los sufrimientos humanos causados
por el conflicto y preocupado por el hecho de que la persistencia de la
situación en Rwanda constituya una amenaza a la paz y la seguridad en la región,


                                       A

     1.   Exige que todas las partes en el conflicto pongan fin inmediatamente a
las hostilidades, convengan en una cesación del fuego y pongan término a la
violencia y la carnicería insensatas en que está sumida Rwanda;




                                                                            /...

                                                      S/RES/918 (1994)
                                                      Página 3


     2.   Acoge con beneplácito el informe del Secretario General de fecha 13 de
mayo de 1994 (S/1994/565);

     3.   Decide ampliar el mandato de la UNAMIR con arreglo a la resolución 912
(1994) para incluir las siguientes funciones adicionales, dentro de los límites
de los recursos que le sean asignados:

     a)   Contribuir a la seguridad y la protección de las personas desplazadas,
los refugiados y los civiles en peligro en Rwanda, incluso mediante el
establecimiento y el mantenimiento de zonas humanitarias seguras, allí donde sea
factible;

     b)   Desempeñar funciones de seguridad y apoyo en la distribución de
suministros de socorro y las operaciones de socorro humanitario;

     4.   Reconoce que la UNAMIR puede verse obligada a tomar medidas en
legítima defensa contra personas o grupos que amenacen lugares o poblaciones
protegidas, personal de las Naciones Unidas u otro personal que realice
actividades humanitarias o los medios empleados para el suministro y la
distribución de socorro humanitario;

     5.   Autoriza en este contexto la ampliación de la UNAMIR hasta un máximo
de 5.500 efectivos;

     6.   Pide al Secretario General que, tal cual se recomienda en su informe y
como primera etapa, vuelva a desplegar inmediatamente en Rwanda los observadores
militares de la UNAMIR que en la actualidad se encuentran en Nairobi y
reconstituya la dotación completa del batallón de infantería mecanizada sito
actualmente en Rwanda;

     7.   Pide además al Secretario General que informe lo antes posible sobre
la siguiente etapa del despliegue de la UNAMIR, incluidos, entre otras cosas, la
cooperación de las partes, los progresos alcanzados en la consecución de una
cesación del fuego, la disponibilidad de recursos y la propuesta duración del
mandato, para que el Consejo vuelva a examinar estas cuestiones y tome las
decisiones que se requieran;

     8.   Alienta al Secretario General a que, conjuntamente con el Secretario
General de la OUA, redoble sus esfuerzos encaminados a obtener de los Estados
Miembros el personal necesario para que se pueda llevar a cabo con urgencia el
despliegue de la UNAMIR ampliada;

     9.   Invita a los Estados Miembros a responder con prontitud a la solicitud
del Secretario General de que proporcionen los recursos necesarios, incluidos
los recursos de apoyo logístico que permitan el rápido despliegue de la fuerza
ampliada de la UNAMIR y su apoyo sobre el terreno;

    10. Insta encarecidamente a todas las partes en Rwanda a que cooperen
plenamente con la UNAMIR en el desempeño de su mandato y, en particular, en la
tarea de velar por su libertad de circulación y por el suministro sin trabas de
la asistencia humanitaria, y las insta además a tratar el aeropuerto de Kigali
como una zona neutral bajo el control de la UNAMIR;




                                                                               /...

S/RES/918 (1994)
Página 4


    11.   Exige que todas las partes en Rwanda respeten estrictamente a las
personas y los locales de las Naciones Unidas y otras organizaciones que
funcionan en Rwanda y se abstengan de todo acto de intimidación o violencia
contra el personal que lleva a cabo tareas humanitarias y de mantenimiento de
la paz;

    12.   Encomia el proceder de los Estados, los organismos de las Naciones
Unidas y las organizaciones no gubernamentales que han proporcionado asistencia
humanitaria y de otra índole, les alienta a seguir proporcionando y a
incrementar esa asistencia, e insta a los demás a que proporcionen también
asistencia;


                                       B

     Declarando que la situación en Rwanda constituye una amenaza a la paz y la
seguridad en la región,

     Actuando en virtud del Capítulo VII de la Carta de las Naciones Unidas,

    13.   Decide que todos los Estados prohíban la venta o el suministro a
Rwanda, por sus nacionales o desde sus territorios o utilizando sus aeronaves o
sus buques de pabellón nacional, de armas y material conexo de cualquier tipo,
incluidas armas y municiones, vehículos y equipo militares, equipo para la
policía paramilitar y piezas de repuesto;

    14.   Decide también establecer, de conformidad con el artículo 28 de su
reglamento provisional, un Comité del Consejo de Seguridad integrado por todos
sus miembros para ocuparse de las siguientes tareas y presentar al Consejo
informes sobre su labor, junto con sus observaciones y recomendaciones:

     a)   Recabar de los Estados información sobre las medidas que hayan
adoptado en relación con la aplicación efectiva del embargo impuesto con arreglo
al párrafo 13 de la presente resolución;

     b)   Examinar la información que señalen a su atención los Estados en
relación con violaciones del embargo y formular en ese contexto recomendaciones
al Consejo sobre formas de hacer más eficaz el embargo;

     c)   Recomendar la adopción de medidas apropiadas en atención a las
violaciones del embargo impuesto con arreglo al párrafo 13 de la presente
resolución y proporcionar regularmente información al Secretario General para su
distribución general a los Estados Miembros;

    15.   Exhorta a todos los Estados, incluidos los que no sean Miembros de las
Naciones Unidas, y a las organizaciones internacionales a actuar en estricta
conformidad con las disposiciones de la presente resolución, no obstante la
existencia de derechos u obligaciones conferidos o impuestos por cualquier
acuerdo internacional o cualquier contrato concertado o licencia o permiso
otorgado con anterioridad a la fecha de aprobación de la presente resolución;

    16.   Decide que las disposiciones de los párrafos 13 y 15 supra no se
aplican a las actividades relacionadas con la UNAMIR y la UNOMUR;



                                                                               /...

                                                      S/RES/918 (1994)
                                                      Página 5


    17.   Pide al Secretario General que preste toda la asistencia necesaria al
Comité y establezca en la Secretaría los mecanismos que se requieran con ese
objeto;


                                       C

    18.   Pide al Secretario General que presente a la brevedad posible un
informe sobre la investigación de las violaciones graves del derecho
internacional humanitario cometidas en Rwanda durante el conflicto;

    19.   Invita al Secretario General y a su Representante Especial a que, en
coordinación con la OUA y los países de la región, prosigan sus gestiones a fin
de lograr un arreglo político en Rwanda dentro del marco del Acuerdo de Paz de
Arusha;

    20.   Decide mantener en continuo examen la situación en Rwanda y pide al
Secretario General que le presente un nuevo informe, que se refiera también a la
situación humanitaria, dentro de las cinco semanas siguientes a la aprobación de
la presente resolución y, luego, en fecha oportuna antes de la expiración del
actual mandato de la UNAMIR;

    21.   Decide seguir ocupándose activamente de la cuestión.


                                     -----

Texte français (official French version): NATIONS
UNIES                                                                         S
             Conseil de sécurité
                                                              Distr.
                                                              GÉNÉRALE

                                                              S/RES/918 (1994)
                                                              17 mai 1994




                               RESOLUTION 918 (1994)

      Adoptée par le Conseil de sécurité à sa 3377e séance, le 17 mai 1994

     Le Conseil de sécurité,

     Réaffirmant toutes ses résolutions précédentes sur la situation au Rwanda,
en particulier sa résolution 872 (1993) du 5 octobre 1993 portant création de la
Mission des Nations Unies pour l’assistance au Rwanda (MINUAR), sa résolution
909 (1994) du 5 avril 1994, par laquelle il a prorogé le mandat de la MINUAR
jusqu’au 29 juillet 1994 et sa résolution 912 (1994) du 21 avril 1994 par
laquelle il a modifié le mandat de la MINUAR,

     Rappelant les déclarations faites par le Président du Conseil le
7 avril 1994 (S/PRST/1994/16) et le 30 avril 1994 (S/PRST/1994/21),

     Ayant examiné le rapport du Secrétaire général en date du 13 mai 1994
(S/1994/565),

     Réaffirmant sa résolution 868 (1993) du 29 septembre 1993 sur la sécurité
des opérations des Nations Unies,

     Condamnant vigoureusement les violences en cours au Rwanda et réprouvant en
particulier les très nombreux massacres de civils qui ont été commis dans ce
pays et l’impunité avec laquelle des individus armés ont pu y opérer et
continuent d’y opérer,

     Soulignant l’importance de l’Accord de paix d’Arusha pour le règlement
pacifique du conflit au Rwanda, et la nécessité pour toutes les parties de
s’engager de nouveau à le mettre en oeuvre intégralement,

     Se félicitant des efforts entrepris par l’Organisation de l’unité africaine
(OUA) et ses organes, ainsi que des efforts déployés par le facilitateur
tanzanien, afin de soutenir sur les plans diplomatique, politique et humanitaire
la mise en oeuvre des résolutions pertinentes du Conseil,

     Profondément préoccupé de ce que la situation au Rwanda, qui a causé la
mort de nombreux milliers de civils innocents, dont des femmes et des enfants,
le déplacement à l’intérieur du pays d’un pourcentage important de la population
rwandaise et l’exode massif de réfugiés vers les pays voisins, constitue une
crise humanitaire d’une ampleur gigantesque,

94-21837   (F)                                                                /...

S/RES/918 (1994)
Page 2



     Exprimant une fois de plus son inquiétude devant les informations qu’il
continue de recevoir concernant les violations systématiques, généralisées et
flagrantes du droit international humanitaire au Rwanda, ainsi que les autres
violations du droit à la vie et à la propriété,

     Rappelant dans ce contexte que le fait de tuer les membres d’un groupe
ethnique dans l’intention de détruire totalement ou partiellement ce groupe
constitue un crime qui tombe sous le coup du droit international,

     Exhortant vivement toutes les parties à mettre fin immédiatement à toute
incitation à la violence ou à la haine ethnique, en particulier par le biais des
moyens d’information,

     Rappelant également qu’il avait demandé au Secrétaire général de recueillir
des informations sur la responsabilité de l’incident tragique qui a coûté la vie
aux Présidents du Rwanda et du Burundi,

     Rappelant en outre qu’il avait demandé au Secrétaire général de faire des
propositions afin qu’il soit procédé à une enquête sur les informations faisant
état de violations graves du droit international humanitaire durant le conflit,

     Soulignant la nécessité urgente d’une action internationale coordonnée pour
alléger les souffrances du peuple rwandais et aider à rétablir la paix au
Rwanda, et se félicitant à cet égard de la coopération qui existe entre
l’Organisation des Nations Unies et l’OUA ainsi qu’avec les pays de la région,
en particulier le facilitateur du processus de paix d’Arusha,

     Désirant dans ce contexte élargir le mandat de la MINUAR à des fins
humanitaires et soulignant l’importance qu’il attache à l’appui et à la
coopération des parties pour le succès de la mise en oeuvre de tous les aspects
de ce mandat,

     Réaffirmant son attachement à l’unité et à l’intégrité territoriale du
Rwanda,

     Estimant que c’est au peuple rwandais qu’incombe en dernier ressort la
responsabilité de la réconciliation nationale et de la reconstruction du pays,

     Profondément troublé par l’ampleur des souffrances humaines causées par le
conflit et craignant que la prolongation de la situation au Rwanda ne constitue
une menace à la paix et à la sécurité dans la région,

                                       A.

     1.   Exige que toutes les parties au conflit cessent immédiatement les
hostilités, acceptent un cessez-le-feu et mettent fin à la violence et au
carnage insensés dans lesquels est plongé le Rwanda;

     2.   Accueille avec satisfaction le rapport du Secrétaire général en date
du 13 mai 1994 (S/1994/565);




                                                                              /...

                                                                S/RES/918 (1994)
                                                                Page 3


     3.   Décide d’élargir le mandat confié à la MINUAR par la résolution
912 (1994) afin d’y inclure, dans la limite des ressources dont elle dispose,
les responsabilités supplémentaires suivantes :

     a)   Contribuer à la sécurité et à la protection des personnes déplacées,
des réfugiés et des civils en danger au Rwanda, y compris par la création et le
maintien, là où il sera possible, de zones humanitaires sûres;

     b)   Assurer la sécurité et l’appui de la distribution des secours et des
opérations d’assistance humanitaire;

     4.   Est conscient que la MINUAR peut se voir contrainte d’agir dans
l’exercice de la légitime défense contre des personnes ou des groupes qui
menacent des secteurs et populations protégés, le personnel des Nations Unies et
d’autres personnels humanitaires ou les moyens utilisés pour acheminer et
distribuer les secours humanitaires;

     5.   Autorise dans ce contexte un accroissement des effectifs de la MINUAR,
à concurrence de 5 500 hommes;

     6.   Prie le Secrétaire général, ainsi qu’il est recommandé dans son
rapport, et dans un premier temps, de redéployer immédiatement au Rwanda les
observateurs militaires de la MINUAR actuellement à Nairobi et de porter à leur
plein effectif les éléments du bataillon d’infanterie mécanisée se trouvant
actuellement au Rwanda;

     7.   Prie en outre le Secrétaire général de présenter dès que possible un
rapport sur la phase suivante du déploiement de la MINUAR, y compris notamment
sur la coopération des parties, les progrès accomplis en vue d’un cessez-le-feu,
les ressources disponibles et la durée du mandat envisagée, afin que le Conseil
puisse poursuivre son examen de la question et agir en tant que de besoin;

     8.   Encourage le Secrétaire général à accélérer les efforts qu’il déploie,
conjointement avec le Secrétaire général de l’OUA, afin d’obtenir des États
Membres le personnel nécessaire pour que le déploiement de la MINUAR élargie
puisse être effectué d’urgence;

     9.   Invite les États Membres à répondre promptement à la demande du
Secrétaire général concernant les ressources nécessaires, y compris une capacité
de soutien logistique qui permette de déployer rapidement les effectifs
renforcés de la MINUAR et de leur assurer un appui sur le terrain;

     10. Demande très instamment à toutes les parties au Rwanda de coopérer
pleinement avec la MINUAR dans l’accomplissement de son mandat, et en
particulier de l’aider à assurer sa liberté de mouvement et l’acheminement sans
entrave de l’assistance humanitaire, et leur demande en outre de traiter
l’aéroport de Kigali comme une zone neutre sous le contrôle de la MINUAR;

     11. Exige que toutes les parties au Rwanda respectent rigoureusement les
personnes et les locaux de l’Organisation des Nations Unies et des autres
organisations travaillant au Rwanda, et s’abstiennent de tout acte
d’intimidation ou de violence contre le personnel chargé des tâches humanitaires
et du maintien de la paix;


                                                                            /...

S/RES/918 (1994)
Page 4



      12. Se félicite de l’action des États, des organismes des Nations Unies et
des organisations non gouvernementales qui ont fourni une aide humanitaire et
autre, encourage ceux-ci à continuer d’apporter leur aide et à l’accroître, et
invite instamment ceux qui ne l’ont pas encore fait à fournir une aide de ce
type;
                                       B.

     Considérant que la situation au Rwanda constitue une menace à la paix et à
la sécurité dans la région,

     Agissant en vertu du Chapitre VII de la Charte des Nations Unies,

    13.   Décide que tous les États empêcheront la vente ou la livraison au
Rwanda, par leurs nationaux ou à partir de leur territoire, ou au moyen de
navires battant leur pavillon ou d’aéronefs ayant leur nationalité, d’armements
et de matériels connexes de tous types, y compris les armes et les munitions,
les véhicules et le matériel militaires, le matériel de police paramilitaire et
les pièces de rechange;

    14.   Décide également de créer, conformément à l’article 28 du règlement
intérieur provisoire du Conseil de sécurité, un Comité du Conseil de sécurité
composé de tous les membres du Conseil qui sera chargé d’entreprendre les tâches
suivantes et de lui présenter un rapport sur ses travaux contenant ses
observations et recommandations :

    a)    Solliciter auprès de tous les États des informations sur les mesures
qu’ils ont prises aux fins de l’application efficace de l’embargo décidé au
paragraphe 13 ci-dessus;

    b)    Examiner toute information que des États lui communiqueraient au sujet
d’éventuelles violations de l’embargo et, dans ce contexte, lui soumettre des
recommandations quant aux moyens d’accroître l’efficacité de l’embargo;

    c)    Recommander des mesures appropriées à envisager pour répondre à
d’éventuelles violations de l’embargo décidé au paragraphe 13 ci-dessus et
fournir régulièrement au Secrétaire général des informations aux fins de
distribution générale aux États Membres;

    15.   Demande à tous les États, y compris ceux qui ne sont pas membres de
l’Organisation des Nations Unies, et à toutes les organisations internationales
de se conformer strictement aux dispositions de la présente résolution,
nonobstant l’existence de droits conférés ou d’obligations imposées par un
accord international ou un contrat conclus ou par une licence ou une
autorisation accordées avant la date d’adoption de la présente résolution;

    16.   Décide que les dispositions énoncées aux paragraphes 13 et 15
ci-dessus ne s’appliquent pas aux activités relatives à la MINUAR et à la
MONUOR;

    17.   Prie le Secrétaire général d’apporter toute l’assistance voulue au
Comité et de prendre au Secrétariat les dispositions nécessaires pour ce faire;



                                                                             /...

                                                                S/RES/918 (1994)
                                                                Page 5


                                       C.

    18.   Prie le Secrétaire général de lui présenter aussi tôt que possible un
rapport d’enquête sur les violations graves du droit international humanitaire
commises au Rwanda durant le conflit;

    19.   Invite le Secrétaire général et son Représentant spécial à poursuivre,
en coordination avec l’OUA et les pays de la région, les efforts qu’ils
déploient pour susciter un règlement politique au Rwanda dans le cadre de
l’Accord de paix d’Arusha;

    20.   Décide de garder la situation au Rwanda constamment à l’étude et prie
le Secrétaire général de lui présenter de nouveaux rapports sur la situation,
humanitaire notamment, dans les cinq semaines qui suivront l’adoption de la
présente résolution, puis, de nouveau, suffisamment tôt avant l’expiration du
mandat en cours de la MINUAR;

    21.   Décide de rester activement saisi de la question.

                                     -----

Русский текст (official Russian version): Distr.
                                                                            GENERAL

                                                                            S/RES/918 (1994)*
                                                                            19 May 1994




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F@@H&,HFH&44 F B@:@0,>4b<4 >"FH@bV,6 D,2@:`P44, >,F<@HDb >" >":4R4, :`$ZN BD"& 4:4
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D,2@:`P44;

      16. B@FH">@&:b,H, RH@ B@:@0,>4b BJ>8H@& 13 4 15 &ZT, >, BD4<,>b`HFb & @H>@T,>44
*,bH,:\>@FH4, F&b2">>@6 F ;??=AC 4 ;=??=IC;

     17. BD@F4H ',>,D":\>@(@ F,8D,H"Db @8"2Z&"H\ 7@<4H,HJ &F` >,@$N@*4<J` B@<@V\ 4 F ^H@6
P,:\` @FJV,FH&4H\ & E,8D,H"D4"H, >,@$N@*4<Z, <,D@BD4bH4b;




                                               E

      18. BD@F4H ',>,D":\>@(@ F,8D,H"Db BD,*FH"&4H\ 8"8 <@0>@ F8@D,, *@8:"* @ D"FF:,*@&">44
F,D\,2>ZN >"DJT,>46 <,0*J>"D@*>@(@ (J<">4H"D>@(@ BD"&", F@&,DT,>>ZN & CJ">*, &@ &D,<b
8@>L:48H";

                                                                           S/RES/918 (1994)
                                                                           Page 5


      19. BD,*:"(",H ',>,D":\>@<J F,8D,H"D` 4 ,(@ EB,P4":\>@<J BD,*FH"&4H,:` & 8@@D*4>"P44 F
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CJ">*, & D"<8"N !DJTF8@(@ <4D>@(@ F@(:"T,>4b;

      20. B@FH">@&:b,H B@FH@b>>@ F:,*4H\ 2" F4HJ"P4,6 & CJ">*, 4 BD@F4H ',>,D":\>@(@ F,8D,H"Db
BD,*FH"&4H\ & H,R,>4, BbH4 >,*,:\ B@F:, BD4>bH4b >"FH@bV,6 D,2@:`P44 4 2"H,< &>@&\
2"$:"(@&D,<,>>@ *@ 4FH,R,>4b >Z>,T>,(@ <">*"H" ;??=AC >@&Z6 *@8:"*, & H@< R4F:, @
B@:@0,>44 & (J<">4H"D>@6 @$:"FH4;

     21.   B@FH">@&:b,H BD@*@:0"H\ "8H4&>@ 2">4<"H\Fb ^H4< &@BD@F@<.


                                            -----


النص العربي (official Arabic version): S                                                                          èb]SáÖK Üá©K
Distr.
GENERAL

S/RES/918 (1994)
17 May 1994
                                                             àá©K ˝ÖZá


                                         (@HHC) H@G dKdÄÖK


                             <BBFF éS¸ÖZ ï{ àá©K ˝ÖZá ãc`RK ícÖK
                                  @HHC ëìLá/dLìô @F ï{ èbëÄtáÖK


                                                                              <àá©K ˝ÖZá àõ


_dùáÖK (@HHB) GFA ãdKd Láîg ß <KbâKëd ï{ êÖL]ÖLN êÄÖtSáÖK êÄNL¸ÖK éRKdKd uîáZ bîÉöR bîtì cõ
ãdKdë <KbâKëd óÖõ èbsL¸áÖK ÜìbÄSÖ èb]SáÖK Üá©K êWtN éOZëáN ö˛âô ícÖK <@HHB dNëSÉô/Ñë©K àìd˛R D
ãdKdë <@HHC éîÖëì/eëáR AH óS] êWtOÖK êìßë éOZëáN bbá ícÖK <@HHC ÑìdNô/àL¸îâ D _dùáÖK (@HHC) HIH
                            =êWtOÖK êìßë éOZëáN Ñbs ícÖK @HHC ÑìdNô/àL¸îâ A@ _dùáÖK (@HHC) H@A


@HHC ÑìdNô/àL¸îâ F ï{ éäs êNLîäÖLN ˝ÖZáÖK ˝îüd LáçN óÖbô àìcÖÖK àîâLîOÖK óÖõ dî˛ì cõë
                                          <(S/PRST/1994/21) @HHC ÑìdNô/àL¸îâ BI ë (S/PRST/1994/16)


                      <(S/1994/565) @HHC ëìLá/dLìô @B _dùáÖK ÜLtÖK àîá©K dìdÄR ï{ dqâ bë


Üá©K QLîÖás àáô àö˛N @HHB dOáSOg/ÑëÖìô AH _dùáÖK (@HHB) GEG ãdKd bìbZ àá bÉùì cõë
                                                                                            <èb]SáÖK


àîîâbáÖK ÑS QLîÖás jëk`ÖK éZë óÖs àìbìë <KbâKëd ï{ êìdLZÖK }ätÖK ÑLásô èb˛N àìbì cõë
<MLÄs àëb LçSÖkKëáë ÜçRLîÖátN ÜLîÄÖK àî]Ö¸áÖK bKd{©K êsLoSgKë <KbâKëd ï{ QdZ ïSÖK KbZ èbìbtÖK


ÜKeSÖK èdëdmë êîáÖ¸ÖK ÑüLgëÖLN KbâKëd ï{ rKdkÖK Ñ]Ö êO¸äÖLN ÜÖ¸ÖÖ Liëdô ~L|RK êîáåô bÉùì cõë
                                                        <®áLÉ Kcî|äR ãcî|äSN bìbZ àá zKdo©K uîáZ


<ïâKeäSÖK ídî¸îSÖK zdoÖK bëçZ ÇÖcÉë LçReçZôë êîÄìd{ßK èb]ëÖK êáqäá bëçZ óÖs ïäWì cõë
           <êÖkÖK QKc ˝ÖZáÖK QKdKd cî|äSÖ Üe®ÖK ïâL¸âßKë ïgLî¸ÖKë ïgLáëÖNbÖK ÜsbÖK dî{ëR ï{




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                                                                              S/RES/918 (1994)
                                                                              Page 2



àîîâbáÖK àá àìdîWÉ zß§ ÑSÄá às Qd|gô ïSÖK <KbâKëd ï{ êÖL]ÖK à© ÅÖÄÖK yÖLN ãdëL¸ì cõë
êîsLáZÖK èdZçÖKë <KbâKëd àLÉg àá èdîOÉ êìë†á êO¸äÖ ïÖ`KbÖK bìd˛SÖKë <ÑL|oôë òL¸â ÜçäîN àá <òLìdN©K
                                        =bLtN©K êÖüLå êîâL¸âõ êáeô ÑWáR <èdëLZáÖK àKbÖOÖK óÖõ àî†Z®Ö


êtgKëë êáqäáë ê`dLk QLÉLçSâK rëë às êÖkKëSáÖK òLOâ©K òKeõ éseZ às ñd`ô èdá Mdtì cõë
        <êîÉÖáÖKë èLî]ÖK ï{ Å]ÖÖ ñd`©K QLÉLçSâßK às ®m{ =KbâKëd ï{ ïÖëbÖK ïâL¸â´K àëâLÄÖÖ ~LoäÖK


LîÖÉ <ê¥¥¥sLáZÖK ãcå dîábR zb¥¥¥çN êîäVõ êsLáZ bKd{ô ÑS àô óÖK ~Lî¸ÖK Kcå ï{ dî˛ì cõë
                                        <ïÖëbÖK àëâLÄÖK PZëáN LçîÖs PLt$ì êáìdZ ÑÉ˛ì <LîüeZ ëô


nüLgë Åìdo às Láîg ßë <lìd]R íô às Kdë{ }ëSR àô óÖs zKdo©K uîáZ èëÄN X]ì cõë
                                                       <êîäV´K êîåKdÉÖK ëô }ätÖK ÑLásô óÖs <Ü®sßK


uZ|áÖK UbL]ÖK òKeõ êîÖëù¸áÖK às QLáëÖtá uáZì àô ÜLtÖK àîá©K óÖõ PÖo éâô óÖõ Lmìô dî˛ì cõë
                                                          =íbâëdëNë KbâKëd ï¸îüd èLî]N ñbëô ícÖK


Uëb] òLOâô ï{ ÅîÄ]SÖK ÑZô àá QL]dSÄá ÜbÄì àô ÜLtÖK àîá©K óÖK PÖo éâô óÖK ÇÖcÉ dî˛ì cõë
                                              <rKdkÖK òLäVô ïÖëbÖK ïâL¸â´K àëâLÄÖÖ êáî¸Z QLÉLçSâK


èbsL¸áÖÖë KbâKëd Pti èLâLtá àá }î|`SÖÖ êÄ¸äá êîÖëb dîNKbR óÖõ ê]ÖáÖK êZL]ÖK óÖs bb˛ì cõë
èb]ëÖK êáqäáë èb]SáÖK Üá©K àîN àëLtSÖLN bbkÖK Kcå ï{ P]dì cõë <KbâKëd óÖK ÜÖ¸ÖK èbLsõ óÖs
                     <ÜÖ¸ÖÖ Liëdô êîÖátÖ ídî¸îSÖK zdoÖK Láîg ßë <êÄoäáÖK àKbÖN uá ÇÖcÉë êîÄìd{ßK


óÖs LçÄÖtì ïSÖK êîáå©K bÉùìë <êîâL¸âõ lKdw© êWtOÖK êìßë ugëì àöN ~Lî¸ÖK Kcå ï{ Pwdì cõë
                               =\LZäN êìßëÖK ÇÖR PâKëZ uîáZ cî|äR ÑîOg ï{ zKdo©K àëLtRë Üsb


                                  <êîáîÖßK LçSá®gë KbâKëd èb]ëN éáKeSÖK bìbZ àá bÉùì cõë


òLäN èbLsõë êîäoëÖK ê]ÖLkáÖK às êîüLçäÖK êîÖëù¸áÖK KbâKëd Pti ÅRLs óÖs uÄR éâöN ÜÖ¸ì cõë
                                                                                                 <ãbÖN


dKdáSgK àô éÄÖÄì cõë <rKdkÖK óÖs êORdSáÖK êîâL¸âßK èLâLtáÖK ÜZ] òKeõ yÖLN YLseâLN dt˛ì cõë
                              =êÄoäáÖK ï{ àá©Kë ÜÖ¸ÖÖ KbìbçR ÑÉ˛ì ë]äÖK Kcå óÖs KbâKëd ï{ êÖL]ÖK




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S/RES/918 (1994)
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                                              }Öô


òLçâõë dLäÖK ~®oõ }ë óÖs ~L|RßKë Kdë{ ÑLSÄÖK zLÄìúN rKeäÖK zKdoô uîáZ PÖLoì            - @
                                                    =KbâKëd \LSZR ïSÖK ê]NcáÖKë ÜiLxÖK }ätÖK ÑLásô


                   =(S/1994/565) @HHC ëìLá/dLìô @B _dùáÖK ÜLtÖK àîá©K dìdÄSN P]dì       - A


ê]LSáÖK bdKëáÖK bëb] ï{ <Ñá˛R ïÉÖ (@HHC) H@A dKdÄÖK PZëáN êWtOÖK êìßë uîgëR ddÄì        - B
                                                               :àîSîÖLSÖK àîSî{Lm´K àîSîÖëù¸áÖK <LçÖ


LçäîN àá ~doN <do`ÖÖ àîmdtáÖK àîîâbáÖK àî†Z®ÖKë àìbd˛áÖK êìLá]ë àáô ï{ Üç¸R àô           (ô)
                                            <LçîÖs pL|]ÖKë <àÉáô LáWî] <êäá§ êîâL¸âõ ÅoLäá òL˛âõ


             =êîâL¸â´K êVLw´K QLîÖátÖë êVLw´K QKbKbáõ uìeëSÖ ÜsbÖKë àá©K d{ëR àô        (M)


ëô QLsLáZÖK bm ˝|äÖK às rL{bÖÖ QKòKdZK c`SR àô LçîÖs àîtSì b êWtOÖK àô Çdbì            - C
QLWtOÖK bKd{ô düLgë èb]SáÖK Üá©K bKd{ôë <àîîá]áÖK àLÉ¸ÖKë êîá]áÖK ÅoLäáÖK àëbbçì àìcÖK jL`i©K
                                       =êîâL¸â´K êVLw´K uìeëRë ÑLkìõ nüLgë àëbbçì ëô êîâL¸âßK


                           =bd{ D DII óS] êWtOÖK ÜKë èbLìeN ~Lî¸ÖK Kcå ï{ àcöì         - D


<óÖëô êÖ]dáÉë <ãdìdÄR ï{ ókëá ëå LáÉ <dë|ÖK óÖs ÜëÄì àô ÜLtÖK àîá©K óÖõ PÖoì            - E
êOîSÉ dkLäs ÑáÉì àôë KbâKëd óÖõ ïNëdîâ ï{ LîÖL] àìbëZëáÖK àîìdÉ¸tÖK êWtOÖK ïOKdá reë èbLsúN
                           =ÑáLÉÖK LçáKë óÖõ ÑkR óS] KbâKëd ï{ LîÖL] èbëZëáÖK êîÉîâLÉîáÖK èL˛áÖK


àá êÖOÄáÖK êÖ]dáÖK às KdìdÄR àÉáá Të Mdô ï{ ÜbÄì àô ÜLtÖK àîá©K óÖõ ÇÖcÉ PÖoì         - F
~®o´ }ë ÅîÄ]R Mëk ed]áÖK ÜbÄSÖKë <zKdo©K àëLtR às QLáëÖtá <dëáô êÖáZ ï{ <Ñá˛ì êWtOÖK reë
cL`RKë lKdtSgßK àá bìeáÖK òKdZõ ˝ÖZáÖÖ óä¸Sì LáîÉ <ê]dSÄáÖK êìßëÖK èbáë <ê]LSáÖK bdKëáÖKë <dLäÖK
                                                                  =òLmSßK P¸] êáe®ÖK QKòKdZ´K


èb]ëÖK êáqäáÖ ÜLtÖK àîá©K uá <bëçZ àá éÖcOì LáN ÑîZtSÖK óÖs ÜLtÖK àîá©K uZ˛ì            - G
êWtOÖÖ ÑZLtÖK reëÖK ï{ rëd˛ÖK àá àîÉáSÖÖ àîáe®ÖK bKd{©K óÖs òLms©K ÑëbÖK àá Ñëk]ÖÖ <êîÄìd{ßK
                                                                                           =êtgëáÖK




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                                                                             S/RES/918 (1994)
                                                                             Page 4



LáN êáe®ÖK bdKëáÖK ÜìbÄR ÜLtÖK àîá©K PÖoÖ Kdë{ PîZS¸R àô óÖK òLms©K ÑëbÖK ësbì         - H
               =àKbîáÖK ï{ Lçásbë ugëáÖK êWtOÖK ÜKëÄÖ uìd¸ÖK reëÖÖ êáe®ÖK ïë¸ÖK ÜsbÖK èdb ÇÖc ï{


LçSìßë cî|äR ï{ êWtOÖK uá ÜLR ÑÉ˛N àëLtSÖK óÖs KbâKëd ï{ zKdo©K uîáZ èb˛N X]ì         - @I
ÇÖcÉ Üçäá PÖoRë <ÅüLs Láâëb êîâL¸â´K èbsL¸áÖK ÑLkìõë LçÖÄäR êìd] àLám ï{ jëk`ÖK éZë óÖsë
                                              =êWtOÖK êOKdá T]R èbìL]á êÄoäáÉ ïÖLxîÉ dLoá êÖáLtá


<èb]SáÖK Üá©K àÉLáôë bKd{ô êb ÑÉN ÜdS]R àöN KbâKëd ï{ zKdo©K uîáZ PÖLoì              - @@
bm }ätÖK ëô }ìë`SÖK ÑLásô àá Ñás íöN ÜLîÄÖK às uäSáR àôë <KbâKëd ï{ êÖáLtÖK ñd`©K QLáqäáÖKë
                                                   =ÜÖ¸ÖK p|]N ëô êîâL¸âõ ÑLásöN àîáüLÄÖK jL`i©K


ïSÖK êîáëÉ]ÖK dîw QLáqäáÖKë èb]SáÖK Üá©K QßLÉëë ÑëbÖK LçÖcOR ïSÖK bëçZÖK óÖs ïäWì     - @A
Lådîw X]ìë <LçRbLìeë QKbsL¸áÖK ÇÖR êÖkKëá óÖs LçtZ˛ìë <ñd`ô QKbsL¸áë êîâL¸âõ èbsL¸á Táb
                                                                       =QKbsL¸áÖK ÇÖR ÜìbÄR óÖs


                                                 òLN


                           <êÄoäáÖK ï{ àá©Kë ÜÖ¸ÖÖ KbìbçR ÑÉ˛R KbâKëd ï{ êÖL]ÖK àô ddÄì cõ


                                     <èb]SáÖK Üá©K ~LWîá àá uNL¸ÖK Ñk|ÖK PZëáN zdkSì cõ


óÖK ésKëâô uîáZN êÖkÖK íc bLStÖKë ê]Ög©K bìdëR ëô uîN às ÑëbÖK uîáZ uäSáR àô ddÄì     - @B
êìdÉ¸tÖK éOi êod˛ÖK QKbtáë <êìdÉ¸tÖK QKbtáÖKë QLOÉdáÖKë <düL`cÖKë ê]Ög©K ÇÖc ï{ LáN <KbâKëd
        =LçáÖs u{dR QKdüLo ëô à|g ÜKb`SgLN ëô LçîmKdô àá ëô LçîäoKëá PâLZ àá <êáe®ÖK dLîxÖK uoë


êtNLR êäZÖ <àá©K ˝ÖZáÖ TùáÖK ïÖ`KbÖK ÜLqäÖK àá AG èbLáÖÖ LÄ{ë <°˛äì àô Lmìô ddÄì     - @C
óÖK LçÖLásô às dìdÄR ÜìbÄRë êîÖLSÖK ÜLçáÖLN r®om®Ö <˝ÖZáÖK òLmsô uîáZ àá }ÖöSR àá©K ˝ÖZáÖ
                                                             :LçRLîkëRë LçRLq]®áN Lsë|˛á ˝ÖZáÖK


dq]ÖÖ ÑLt|ÖK cî|äSÖK àö˛N LçRc`RK ïSÖK QKòKdZ´K às QLáëÖtá ÑëbÖK uîáZ àá ˝áSÖR àô       (ô)
                                                                  =ã®sô @B èdÄ|ÖK PZëáN lëd|áÖK


Kcå ï{ ÜbÄR àôë <dq]ÖK QLÉLçSâK àö˛N ÑëbÖK LçîÖs LçmdtR QLáëÖtá êìô ï{ dqäR àô         (M)
                                  =dq]ÖK êîÖLt{ èbLìeN êÖî|ÉÖK ~doÖK às ˝ÖZáÖK óÖK QLîkëR ~Lî¸ÖK


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@B èdÄ|ÖK PZëáN lëd|áÖK dq]ÖK QLÉLçSâK óÖs Kbd êOgLäáÖK dîNKbSÖK cL`RLN ïkëR àô           (Y)
                    =òLms©K ÑëbÖK óÖs ÜLtÖK uìeëSÖÖ ÜLtÖK àîá™Ö ÜqSäá ÑÉ˛N QLáëÖtá ÜbÄR àôë ã®sô


êîÖëbÖK QLáqäáÖKë <èb]SáÖK Üá©K ï{ òLms©K dîw ÑëbÖK ÇÖc ï{ LáN <ÑëbÖK uîáZ ësbì          - @D
êmëd|á ëô êORdSá QLáKeSÖK ëô ~ëÄ] ÇLäå TâLÉ àõë <dKdÄÖK Kcå ÜLÉ]öN LçRL{dkR ï{ êbN ÜeSÖR àô
        =dKdÄÖK Kcå cL`RK aìdLR ÑO \ëäáá àcõ ëô jî`dR íô ëô ÜdOá bÄs íô ëô ïÖëb ~L|RK íô PZëáN


êWtON êÖkSáÖK êo˛â©K óÖs ÅOoäR ß ã®sô @Dë @B àîRdÄ|ÖK ï{ èbb]áÖK ÜLÉ]©K àô ddÄì          - @E
              =KbâKëd - Kbäwëô ï{ èb]SáÖK Üá©K ïOKdá êWtNë KbâKëd óÖK èbsL¸áÖK ÜìbÄSÖ èb]SáÖK Üá©K


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../..                                                                                        94-21834

Draft resolution (S/1994/571):
UNITED
NATIONS                                                                        S
                Security Council
                                                               Distr.
                                                               GENERAL

                                                               S/1994/571
                                                               16 May 1994

                                                               ORIGINAL:   ENGLISH




                 Czech Republic, France, Russian Federation, Spain,
                 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
                  and United States of America: draft resolution


     The Security Council,

     Reaffirming all its previous resolutions on the situation in Rwanda, in
particular its resolution 872 (1993) of 5 October 1993 by which it established
the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR), its resolution
909 (1994) of 5 April 1994 which extended the mandate of UNAMIR until
29 July 1994, and its resolution 912 (1994) of 21 April 1994 by which it
adjusted the mandate of UNAMIR,

     Recalling the statements made by the President of the Council on
7 April 1994 (S/PRST/1994/16) and 30 April 1994 (S/PRST/1994/21),

     Having considered the report of the Secretary-General dated 13 May 1994
(S/1994/565),

     Reaffirming its resolution 868 (1993) of 29 September 1993 on the security
of United Nations operations,

     Strongly condemning the ongoing violence in Rwanda and particularly
condemning the very numerous killings of civilians which have taken place in
Rwanda and the impunity with which armed individuals have been able to operate
and continue operating therein,

     Stressing the importance of the Arusha Peace Agreement to the peaceful
resolution of the conflict in Rwanda and the necessity for all parties to
recommit themselves to its full implementation,

     Commending the efforts of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) and its
organs, as well as the efforts of the Tanzanian Facilitator, in providing
diplomatic, political, and humanitarian support for the implementation of the
relevant resolutions of the Council,




94-21830 (E)   160594                                                          /...

S/1994/571
English
Page 2



     Deeply concerned that the situation in Rwanda, which has resulted in the
death of many thousands of innocent civilians, including women and children, the
internal displacement of a significant percentage of the Rwandan population, and
the massive exodus of refugees to neighbouring countries, constitutes a
humanitarian crisis of enormous proportions,

     Expressing once again its alarm at continuing reports of systematic,
widespread and flagrant violations of international humanitarian law in Rwanda,
as well as other violations of the rights to life and property,

     Recalling in this context that the killing of members of an ethnic group
with the intention of destroying such a group, in whole or in part, constitutes
a crime punishable under international law,

     Strongly urging all parties to cease forthwith any incitement, especially
through the mass media, to violence or ethnic hatred,

     Recalling also its request to the Secretary-General to collect information
on the responsibility for the tragic incident that resulted in the death of the
Presidents of Rwanda and Burundi,

     Recalling further that it had requested the Secretary-General to make
proposals for the investigation of reports of serious violations of
international humanitarian law during the conflict,

     Underlining the urgent need for coordinated international action to
alleviate the suffering of the Rwandan people and to help restore peace in
Rwanda, and in this connection welcoming cooperation between the United Nations
and the OAU as well as with countries of the region, especially the facilitator
of the Arusha peace process,

     Desiring in this context to expand the mandate of UNAMIR for humanitarian
purposes, and stressing the importance it attaches to the support and
cooperation of the parties for the successful implementation of all aspects of
that mandate,

     Reaffirming its commitment to the unity and territorial integrity of
Rwanda,

     Recognizing that the people of Rwanda bear ultimate responsibility for
national reconciliation and reconstruction of their country,

     Deeply disturbed by the magnitude of the human suffering caused by the
conflict and concerned that the continuation of the situation in Rwanda
constitutes a threat to peace and security in the region,

                                       A

     1.   Demands that all parties to the conflict immediately cease
hostilities, agree to a cease-fire, and bring an end to the mindless violence
and carnage engulfing Rwanda;


                                                                              /...

                                                                      S/1994/571
                                                                      English
                                                                      Page 3



     2.   Welcomes the report of the Secretary-General dated 13 May 1994
(S/1994/565);

     3.   Decides to expand UNAMIR’s mandate under resolution 912 (1994) to
include the following additional responsibilities within the limits of the
resources available to it:

     (a) To contribute to the security and protection of displaced persons,
refugees and civilians at risk in Rwanda, including through the establishment
and maintenance, where feasible, of secure humanitarian areas;

     (b) To provide security and support for the distribution of relief
supplies and humanitarian relief operations;

     4.   Recognizes that UNAMIR may be required to take action in self-defence
against persons or groups who threaten protected sites and populations, United
Nations and other humanitarian personnel or the means of delivery and
distribution of humanitarian relief;

     5.   Authorizes in this context an expansion of the UNAMIR force level up
to 5,500 troops;

     6.   Requests the Secretary-General, as recommended in his report, and as a
first phase, immediately to redeploy to Rwanda the UNAMIR military observers
currently in Nairobi and to bring up to full strength the elements of the
mechanized infantry battalion currently in Rwanda;

     7.   Further requests the Secretary-General to report as soon as possible
on the next phase of UNAMIR’s deployment including, inter alia, on the
cooperation of the parties, progress towards a cease-fire, availability of
resources and the proposed duration of the mandate for further review and
action, as required, by the Council;

     8.   Encourages the Secretary-General to accelerate his efforts, in
conjunction with the Secretary-General of the OAU, to obtain from Member States
the necessary personnel to enable deployment of the expanded UNAMIR to proceed
urgently;

     9.   Invites Member States to respond promptly to the Secretary-General’s
request for the resources required, including logistical support capability for
rapid deployment of the UNAMIR expanded force level and its support in the
field;

     10. Strongly urges all parties in Rwanda to cooperate fully with UNAMIR in
the implementation of its mandate and in particular in ensuring its freedom of
movement and the unimpeded delivery of humanitarian assistance, and further
calls upon them to treat Kigali airport as a neutral zone under the control of
UNAMIR;

     11. Demands that all parties in Rwanda strictly respect the persons and
premises of the United Nations and other organizations serving in Rwanda, and


                                                                              /...

S/1994/571
English
Page 4



refrain from any acts of intimidation or violence against personnel engaged in
humanitarian and peace-keeping work;

     12. Commends the efforts of States, United Nations agencies and
non-governmental organizations which have provided humanitarian and other
assistance, encourages them to continue and increase such assistance, and urges
others to provide such assistance;

                                       B

     Determining that the situation in Rwanda constitutes a threat to peace and
security in the region,

     Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

     13. Decides that all States shall prevent the sale or supply to Rwanda by
their nationals or from their territories or using their flag vessels or
aircraft of arms and related matériel of all types, including weapons and
ammunition, military vehicles and equipment, paramilitary police equipment and
spare parts;

     14. Decides also to establish, in accordance with rule 28 of the
provisional rules of procedure of the Security Council, a Committee of the
Security Council consisting of all the members of the Council, to undertake the
following tasks and to report on its work to the Council with its observations
and recommendations:

     (a) To seek from all States information regarding the action taken by them
concerning the effective implementation of the embargo imposed by paragraph 13
above;

     (b) To consider any information brought to its attention by States
concerning violations of the embargo, and in that context to make
recommendations to the Council on ways of increasing the effectiveness of the
embargo;

     (c) To recommend appropriate measures in response to violations of the
embargo imposed by paragraph 13 above and provide information on a regular basis
to the Secretary-General for general distribution to Member States;

     15. Calls upon all States, including States not members of the United
Nations, and international organizations to act strictly in accordance with the
provisions of the present resolution, notwithstanding the existence of any
rights or obligations conferred or imposed by any international agreement or any
contract entered into or any licence or permit granted prior to the date of the
adoption of this resolution;

     16. Decides that the provisions set forth in paragraphs 13 and 15 above do
not apply to activities related to UNAMIR and UNOMUR;




                                                                            /...

                                                                      S/1994/571
                                                                      English
                                                                      Page 5



     17. Requests the Secretary-General to provide all necessary assistance to
the Committee and to make the necessary arrangements in the Secretariat for this
purpose;

                                        C

     18. Requests the Secretary-General to present a report as soon as possible
on the investigation of serious violations of international humanitarian law
committed in Rwanda during the conflict;

     19. Invites the Secretary-General and his Special Representative, in
coordination with the OAU and countries in the region, to continue their efforts
to achieve a political settlement in Rwanda within the framework of the Arusha
Peace Agreement;

     20. Decides to keep the situation in Rwanda under constant review and
requests the Secretary-General to report further, including on the humanitarian
situation, within five weeks of the adoption of this resolution and again in
good time before the expiration of the current mandate of UNAMIR;

     21.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.


                                      -----

Meeting record:
United Nations                                                                                                             S/PV.3377


               Security Council                                                                                                          Provisional
               Forty-ninth Year

               3377th Meeting
               Monday, 16 May 1994, 11.10 p.m.
               New York




President:     Mr. Gambari . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       (Nigeria)

Members:       Argentina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     Mr. Cardenas
               Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    Mr. Valle
               China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   Mr. Li Zhaoxing
               Czech Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        Mr. Kovanda
               Djibouti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    Mr. Olhaye
               France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    Mr. Mérimée
               New Zealand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .         Mr. Keating
               Oman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      Mr. Al-Khussaiby
               Pakistan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    Mr. Niaz
               Russian Federation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          Mr. Vorontsov
               Rwanda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      Mr. Bicamumpaka
               Spain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   Mr. Yañez Barnuevo
               United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland . . . . . . .                          Sir David Hannay
               United States of America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            Mr. Inderfurth

Agenda
     The situation concerning Rwanda
          Report of the Secretary-General (S/1994/565)




94-85651 (E)                                           This record contains the original text of speeches delivered in English and interpretations of
                                                 speeches in the other languages. The final text will be printed in the Official Records of the Security
                                                 Council.

                                                       Corrections should be submitted to original speeches only. They should be sent under the
                                                 signature of a member of the delegation concerned, within one week, to the Chief, Verbatim   1
                                                 Reporting Section, room C-178 and incorporated in a copy of the record.

Security Council                                                                                            3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                              16 May 1994

     The meeting was called to order at 12.05 a.m.              Burkina Faso to the United Nations addressed to the
                                                                President of the Security Council.
Adoption of the agenda
                                                                     A separate vote on section B of the draft resolution
     The agenda was adopted.                                    contained in document S/1994/571 has been requested.
                                                                Unless I hear any objection, I shall first put section B of
The situation concerning Rwanda.                                the draft resolution to the vote.
    Report of the Secretary-General (S/1994/565)
                                                                     There being no objection, it is so decided.
      The President: The Security Council will now begin
its consideration of the item on the agenda. The Security            Thereafter, I shall put the rest of the draft resolution
Council is meeting in accordance with the understanding         contained in document S/1994/571 to the vote.
reached in its prior consultations.
                                                                     Unless I hear any objection, I shall proceed
     Members of the Council have before them the report         accordingly.
of the Secretary-General on the situation in Rwanda,
document S/1994/565.                                                 There being no objection, it is so decided.

      Members of the Council also have before them                  I shall first call on those members of the Council
document S/1994/571, which contains the text of a draft         who wish to make statements before the voting.
resolution submitted by the Czech Republic, France, the
Russian Federation, Spain, the United Kingdom of Great               Mr. Bicamumpaka (Rwanda) (interpretation from
Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of           French): First of all, Sir, I should like to congratulate
America. I should like to draw the attention of the             you on your assuming the presidency of the Council for
members of the Council to the following revisions to be         the month of May and on your admirable handling of our
made to the text of the draft resolution contained in           work. It is an honour for me to be able to address this
document S/1994/571, in its provisional form: Operative         august body, which bears the heavy burden of watching
paragraph 7 should now read as follows:                         over the destiny of the world to preserve it from the
                                                                catastrophes of war.
          "Further requests the Secretary-General to report
     as soon as possible on the next phase of UNAMIR’s               I speak to you in order to invite you to look more
     deployment, including inter alia on the cooperation of     deeply into the tragic events that are currently besetting
     the parties, progress towards a cease-fire, availability   my country, Rwanda. Many people learned of these
     of resources and the proposed duration of the              events as they happened, unaware of their historical
     mandate, for further review and action, as required, by    background and origin, or of the motives behind them.
     the Council".                                              However, many have asked why there was so much
                                                                hatred and cruelty. Some would answer naively that it
     I should like to draw the attention of the members of      was the fault of the Rwandese army or of the Rwandese
the Council to the following other documents:                   Government. Yet the actual reality is different, more
                                                                complex, less easy to grasp from the outside. It is deeply
     -    S/1994/527,letter dated 2 May 1994 from the           rooted in the subconscious of every Rwandese and in the
Chargé d’affaires ad interim of the Permanent Mission of        collective memory of an entire people.
the United Republic of Tanzania to the United Nations
addressed to the President of the Security Council;                   The Rwandese tragedy derives from the age-old
S/1994/552, letter dated 9 May 1994 from the                    history of the nation of Rwanda. The hatred that is
representatives of Uganda and the United States of America      erupting now was forged over four centuries of cruel and
to the United Nations addressed to the President of the         ruthless domination of the Hutu majority by the haughty
Security Council; S/1994/553, letter dated 10 May 1994          and domineering Tutsi minority.       The hatred was
from the Chargé d’affaires ad interim of the Permanent          cultivated by four centuries of cultural indoctrination
Mission of Uganda to the United Nations addressed to the        designed to bring about the mental enslavement of an
President of the Security Council; and S/1994/562, letter       entire people. But too much hatred and too much
dated 12 May 1994 from the Permanent Representative of


2

Security Council                                                                                              3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                                16 May 1994

contempt, too much enslavement, inevitably bring rebellion.      whose notorious Simba battalion was disgraced in the
                                                                 attempt to take the town of Ruhengeri in north-west
    That is what happened in Rwanda in 1959, when the            Rwanda, only 25 kilometres from the frontier with
Hutu overthrew the feudal monarchy and replaced it with          Uganda.
a democratic republic.
                                                                      The invaders were forced to negotiate because they
     The feudal lords did not accept the verdict of history      were unable to attain their objective of seizing power in
and of the ballot box. But the result of the referendum          Kigali in under three days, the target they had set for
organized in September 1961 by the United Nations was            themselves.
beyond doubt: no more monarchy in Rwanda, but rather a
democratic republic. That was and remains the will of the             Here I would like to pay tribute to the tireless efforts
people of Rwanda.                                                of the Secretary-General of the United Nations,
                                                                 Mr. Boutros Boutros-Ghali, and the outstanding work of
      The feudal lords preferred exile to being governed by      his Special Representative in Kigali, to restore peace to
the former commoners, the children of slaves. They chose         Rwanda.
exile and counter-revolution. From 1962 to 1967, Rwanda
had therefore to cope with interminable wars fomented in              I would also pay a well-deserved tribute to
particular by Uganda. There were many innocent victims,          Mr. Ali Hassan Mwinyi, President of the United Republic
either assassinated directly by the invaders or in reprisal by   of Tanzania who, with his wisdom and far-sightedness,
the Hutu population against the Tutsi who had remained in        was able, as facilitator, to ensure the successful outcome
the country.                                                     of the Arusha negotiations.

     Several years of tranquility passed. Some said that               I take the opportunity of commending the tireless
ethnic hatred had died down, that national reconciliation        efforts of the Organization of African Unity which,
had been achieved. Deep friendships developed between            working with successive Presidents and the Secretarythe Hutu and Tutsi peasants and among the elites on both         General, has made intense diplomatic efforts to restore
sides, and mixed marriages were celebrated, many modest          peace to Rwanda.
but some with great ceremony.
                                                                      Our thanks go to Marshal Mobutu Sese Seko,
      The illusion was perfect, but it was still only an         President of the Republic of Zaire, the first mediator to be
illusion, for then came the invasion of 1 October 1990,          able to bring together the fraternal enemies so that they
fomented by the Chiefs of Staff of                               could agree on a cease-fire, which was concluded at
President Yoweri Kaguta Museveni of Uganda. The wound            Nsele-Kinshasa on 29 March 1991.
that we thought had healed was reopened.
                                                                       Finally, I should like to thank all the observers at the
     Many lost their lives simply because they were Hutu.        negotiations, who spared no effort to get the two parties
The invaders, the Rwandese Patriotic Front (RPF), had            to sign the Arusha Peace Accords.
taken the name Inkotanyi, that is, implacable killers - an
expression taken from one of the 19th-century royal militias           The people of Rwanda, and particularly those
notorious for its cruelty. They destroyed everything that        displaced in the fighting, had legitimate hopes for those
could symbolize republican power - roads, bridges, clinics,      agreements. Everybody came together in saying: long
hospitals, schools and so on.                                    live peace in Rwanda.

     And yet, they claim to have taken up arms in order to            But alas, how disappointed we were when the
restore democracy and the prosperity of Rwanda. What             moment came to implement the Accords, which had been
kind of democracy accepts the systematic killing of its          negotiated with such difficulty. The Rwandese Patriotic
people?    What democracy can tolerate the forced                Front, the political organ of the invaders, showed its true
displacement of more than a million people?                      colours. It wanted power during the transitional period,
                                                                 and at any price.
     Fortunately, the army and the Rwandese people
together were able to stop the revenge-seeking invaders,               Indeed, the transitional period was to determine the
despite the strong-arm intervention of the Ugandan soldiers,     political future of Rwanda. It was during that period that


                                                                                                                             3

Security Council                                                                                           3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                             16 May 1994

we were to prepare the constitution, the electoral laws and      not mere coincidence. These events were part of a
the other laws to establish the post-electoral political         carefully prepared plan to seize power in Kigali. That
system.                                                          plan was coordinated with the Ugandan authorities, who
                                                                 themselves had carried out a concealed demobilization to
     The RPF, the political organization representing the        make soldiers available to send to the front in Rwanda.
Tutsi minority - about 10 per cent of the Rwandese               The resumption of hostilities by the RPF, along with
population - wanted to be able to win the future elections       large-scale massacres of Hutu civilians, was the straw that
or simply to avoid them by introducing into Rwanda the           broke the camel’s back, unleashing repressed hatreds and
bizarre system of a non-party democracy so dear to               a festering desire for revenge.
President Museveni of Uganda.
                                                                       The apocalypse came in the form of an inter-ethnic
      This approach by the RPF was not, however, able to         war of unbelievable cruelty. Long-repressed hatred and
resist the commitment of our people and the political            bottled-up feelings resulting from constant provocation
parties to the democratic process, which had already begun.      erupted. All of these events, one after the other,
                                                                 unleashed the animal instinct of a people afraid of being
      This was the moment of truth. The leaders of the           enslaved once again. Animal instinct or instinct to
RPF, with their ultra-conservative ideology based on the         survive? This is the explanation of the inter-ethnic
arrogance of their ancestors, were not able to accept the        violence that followed the tragic death of President
contradiction facing them. Unable to persuade, they began        Habyarimana and the immediate resumption of war by the
to threaten - clear threats that the Special Representative of   RPF.
the Secretary-General and even the international community
were not able to stand up against.                                    The Government of Rwanda has condemned every
                                                                 massacre, no matter who the perpetrators were. Those
      It was then that the tragic, cruel and inhuman moment      perpetrators must be identified and punished. But this
arrived. On 6 April 1994 the Head of State of Rwanda,            applies to the entire duration of the war, that is, since
Major-General Juvénal Habyarimana, was brutally                  1 October 1990.
assassinated along with his Burundi counterpart, His
Excellency Cyprien Ntaryamira. Two Heads of State died                The RPF, strongly supported by Uganda, has taken
that night at the same time, burned to ashes in the wreckage     responsibility for killing the Head of State of Rwanda -
of their plane, shot down by a ground-to-air missile.            high treason in any civilized country - and has resumed
                                                                 the war, a war more savage than the one that began on
     "Good riddance" said one Head of State in the region,       1 October 1990. It has carried out systematic, selective
whose unconditional support led the RPF to bring the             massacres of civilians.
apocalypse to Rwanda. The RPF took advantage of this
moment of shock and grief to send its battalions, reinforced          The RPF shamelessly accepted responsibility for its
by soldiers of the Ugandan regular army, against the capital     heinous crimes because it was certain that it could
of Rwanda and against all the other positions of the             continue to mislead the world and convince the world it
Rwandese Armed Forces.                                           was innocent. But can we believe in its innocence? Can
                                                                 we agree that all of these crimes should simply be
      Once again, as in March-April 1992 and February-           disregarded because of an unprecedented media campaign
March 1993, the RPF chose to violate agreements                  to absolve the assassins and assign them the hero’s role?
concluded with the Government of Rwanda. It has never
been said often enough, but it was common knowledge, that              Yet even before the crimes of April 1994 the RPF
as soon as the Arusha Agreement was signed, on 4 August          had been guilty of abominable crimes that did not move
1993, the RPF began to prepare for war by recruiting and         the world and that the media cavalierly ignored. Since
by infiltrating its fighters throughout the country, and         the beginning of the war the RPF has massacred more
particularly into the capital. There were about 4,000 RPF        than 100,000 people in the district of Byumba, in
fighters on 6 April 1994, not the 600 accepted in the            October-November 1990; more than 150,000 in the
Arusha Agreement.                                                districts of Ruhengeri and Byumba in February-March 1993; and about 1,000 after the signing of the
    The assassination of the Head of State of Rwanda on          Arusha Agreement, including some 30 in Kinihira, 20 in
6 April 1994 and the simultaneous resumption of war were         Mutura and a number of others in the demilitarized zone.


4

Security Council                                                                                          3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                            16 May 1994

      More recently, after the assassination of President       President of Tanzania, His Excellency Mr. Ali Hassan
Habyarimana, the RPF ruthlessly massacred Hutu peasants         Mwinyi.
in the north of the country and in the district of Kibungo.
Thousands of people perished, and several areas of the                Seizing power by force has become an obsession for
capital were plunged into mourning by the RPF, which            the RPF, which is systematically massacring people,
pitilessly killed men, women, children and old people           particularly Hutus, who refuse to support it. The areas it
simply because they were Hutu and against its hegemonic         has infiltrated have become killing fields. The people of
designs.                                                        the districts of Byumba and Kibungo have fled en masse
                                                                to escape the merciless massacres of the RPF. More than
      Now the people of Rwanda have been driven into            250,000 have found refuge in Tanzania, and there would
exile, without any hope of returning, for the RPF is            have been more had the RPF not blocked the bridge over
preparing to destroy all that they owned. Indeed, the head      the river at the border.
of the RPF himself gave the order to march on the capital,
saying that men and animals, small and large, should stay             The fate of those who did not flee is well-known.
out of the way or be killed. Where will they go - these         They were gathered together and collectively massacred
men and these animals? Did not some RPF leaders say at          by machine gun or grenade, as is the custom of the RPF.
the beginning of the war that the Hutu should go into exile     It is said that some RPF fighters eat the hearts of men
for at least 30 years and leave the country to the Tutsi?       they have killed in order to become invincible.

      That is not the solution. The solution to the tragedy           Can the RPF exile more than 6 million Hutu? Of
of Rwanda is not to impose exile on the Hutu, who               course not. But there will be a catastrophe if the RPF
constitute 90 per cent of the population. The solution is not   does not abandon its logic of war and if it does not agree
to let the Tutsi minority - 10 per cent of the population -     to enter into dialogue with the Rwandese Government, the
seize power. The problem of Rwanda has to be understood         sole legitimate representative of the Rwandese people,
so that it can be destroyed at its roots. The people of         who fully support it.
Rwanda carried out a social revolution in 1959 against the
autocratic power of the Tutsi minority and the stifling              Faced with this intransigence, the international
feudal yoke. No people, however docile, can agree to be         community - especially the Security Council - must
slaves once again.                                              shoulder its responsibilities by compelling the RPF to
                                                                enter into dialogue with the Government so as to bring
      What the people of Rwanda need now is peace,              about an immediate cease-fire.
through an end to war and through national reconciliation.
This means that there has to be a candid dialogue between            The Rwandese Government is willing to conclude a
the Rwandese Government and the Rwandese Patriotic              cease-fire agreement with the RPF immediately. Such an
Front. It goes without saying that military hostilities and     agreement, guaranteed by the international community,
inter-ethnic violence must first cease.                         and especially the United Nations, should make it possible
                                                                for the two armies to resume the positions they held
      One of the prime tasks of the Government of Rwanda        before 6 April 1994.
is to ensure peace and security for its people. That is why
as soon as it took power it appealed to the RPF to accept            Moreover, the RPF battalion that was in Kigali to
a cease-fire. The Government also took strong measures to       protect its leaders should not be reconstituted. For one
stop inter-ethnic violence which was spreading throughout       thing, its leaders have returned to Mulindi, the
the country. Messages calling for peace were broadcast          headquarters of the Inkotanyi; and for another, it has been
over the radio. The President of the Republic, the Prime        shown that the battalion participated in the war and in
Minister and members of the Government criss-crossed the        massacring the civilian population of the city of Kigali.
country, holding meetings calling for peace.
                                                                     The Rwandese Government believes that the only
      It is true that the killing has now stopped in those      way of ensuring respect for a cease-fire is the
areas where there is no fighting, but not in areas where the    establishment in Rwanda of an international buffer force
fighting continues. Indeed, the RPF turned down offers of       made up of troops from truly neutral countries and
a cease-fire, including offers by the Facilitator, the          excluding Rwanda’s neighbours. Such a force would be
                                                                created by expanding the mandate of the United Nations


                                                                                                                         5

Security Council                                                                                           3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                             16 May 1994

Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR) and                       international organizations, non-governmental
strengthening its means. The Rwandese Government                 organizations and all people devoted to peace and justice
believes that the Security Council should seriously consider     who have given their all to help the Rwandese people
this approach in establishing such a buffer force. The           find peace once again and who have spared no effort, at
Rwandese Government nonetheless welcomes the consensus           the risk of their own lives, to ease the suffering of the
achieved on certain points relating to the expansion of          many refugees and those displaced by war. I should like
UNAMIR to allow it to contribute to the security and             here to pay a particular tribute to the International
protection of the civilian population and deliveries of          Committee of the Red Cross, which deemed it necessary
humanitarian assistance.                                         to remain with the Rwandese people. I say "thank you"
                                                                 to them and urge them to stay to continue to do even
     The Rwandese Government is convinced that the               more, because our needs are immense, faced as we are
cease-fire will not be respected nor the Rwandese conflict       with over 2 million people on the road to exile because of
resolved until Uganda ends its aggression against Rwanda         this absurd and senseless war.
and stops supplying war matériel and troops to the RPF.
The Security Council should ensure that this occurs.                  That is the message of the battered and torn people
                                                                 of Rwanda, which desires peace and national and
     In this connection, the Rwandese Government has             reconciliation and rejects war and enslavement.
conveyed to the Council documents clearly showing
Uganda’s involvement in the Rwandese conflict. To                     The President: I thank the Minister for Foreign
prevent that country once and for all from destabilizing         Affairs and Cooperation of Rwanda for his kind words
Rwanda and other countries of the region, it is urgent that      addressed to me.
an arms embargo be imposed upon it. It is upon Uganda
that a military embargo must be imposed, and not upon                  Mr. Al-Khussaiby (Oman): My delegation has
Rwanda. It is not the victim who should be punished but          already congratulated you in the Council’s informal
the aggressor. The embargo against Rwanda would be               consultations, Sir, on your assumption of the presidency
tantamount to direct support for Ugandan aggression. The         for this month. I assure you of my delegation’s fullest
RPF would continue to receive its weapons and would not          cooperation and support in order to facilitate your task.
stop massacring civilians until it had come to power by
force. But what good what it serve to take power against              I would like to express our gratitude to the
the will of the Rwandese people? An embargo against              Permanent Representative of New Zealand for the way he
Rwanda would violate the Charter of the United Nations,          steered our work last month.
which enshrines the principle of self-defence. Thus, the
embargo should be considered against the aggressor when                Regarding the item currently under discussion, my
the question of Ugandan aggression against Rwanda is             delegation has already expressed its profound regret over
considered.                                                      the tragic incident that claimed the lives of two African
                                                                 Presidents - the President of Rwanda and the President of
      No one is more tired of the war than the people of         Burundi - on 6 April 1994, and the subsequent events of
Rwanda, but neither is anyone more devoted to freedom            gruesome killings and massacres taking place in Rwanda
and democracy than this people victimized by nearly four         on a large scale to this date.
years of externally-imposed war. It is to offer relief to this
people in its misery and to build a better future that the             It is regrettable that all efforts undertaken by the
Rwandese Government remains committed and determined             Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the
to resume dialogue with the RPF on the basis of the Arusha       United Nations, the Force Commander of the United
Peace Agreement, which is the point of departure for             Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR), the
reaching a lasting peace and national reconciliation.            Organization of African Unity and the neighbouring
                                                                 States to bring about a cease-fire agreement between the
     In this connection, the international community will        parties have been of no avail.
continue to play a central role, either at the level of the
Agreement and compliance with it or at the level of                    In this context, my delegation would like to stress
humanitarian assistance and national reconstruction. I take      that the achievement of peace in Rwanda lies in the hands
this opportunity to reiterate the sincere thanks of the          of the Rwandese parties themselves.            Hence, my
Government of Rwanda to all friendly countries,                  delegation believes that it is crucial for both conflicting


6

Security Council                                                                                             3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                               16 May 1994

parties in Rwanda to demonstrate political will and a                 Mr. Niaz (Pakistan): It is a source of great pride
sincere desire to achieve a cease-fire and, moreover, in         for my delegation to see you, Sir, representative of a
continuation of a dialogue in order to implement the Arusha      brotherly non-aligned country, presiding over the affairs
Peace Agreement, which constitutes the most suitable             of the Security Council with such aplomb and ability.
framework for bringing the ongoing conflict in Rwanda to         The Pakistan delegation will continue to extend to you its
an end.                                                          unwavering support.

      The current crisis, which is in itself a human tragedy,         Let me also avail myself of this opportunity to
has unfortunately resulted in the killings of thousands of       express our appreciation for the skill and dedication with
innocent civilians, including women, children and elderly        which the Permanent Representative of New Zealand, His
people, and has caused the internal displacement of a huge       Excellency Ambassador Colin Keating, steered the
number of people, not to mention the mass exodus of              Security Council during the month of April.
refugees to neighbouring countries. My delegation is
therefore of the view that the most urgent measures to be              After the horrific and gruesome violence and killings
taken at this juncture are to extend all forms of urgent         that erupted in Rwanda in the aftermath of the tragic
humanitarian assistance, particularly food and medical aid,      deaths of the Presidents of Rwanda and Burundi in an air
to the displaced people and refugees, and to all those who       crash on 6 April 1994, the reaction of the Security
are in need in Rwanda.                                           Council was to cut down the strength of the United
                                                                 Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR) in
     My delegation also stresses the importance of               that country. Thus it was by no means easy to arrive at
coordinating these efforts with the Organization of African      the draft resolution before us, which envisages the
Unity and the necessity of ensuring full cooperation from        expansion of the United Nations Assistance Mission for
both parties to the conflict in establishing Kigali Airport as   Rwanda to a force level of 5,500 troops.
a neutral zone and keeping it open at all times for
humanitarian relief.                                                   It is our sincere hope that personnel for the increased
                                                                 force will be offered and dispatched to their areas of duty
      The United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda           within a matter of days. The carnage let loose in Rwanda
(UNAMIR) has exerted strenuous efforts in the most               and the humanitarian nightmare which that country has
difficult conditions in order to help the people of Rwanda       become cannot brook any delay. At the same time, we
through this crisis. Despite our hesitation to involve           also appeal to the parties in Rwanda to heed the
peace-keeping forces in internal disputes, and in view of        international calls for restraint and reason. There is no
our desire to see a more successful UNAMIR, we support           doubt that without the cooperation of the warring parties
its expansion and the amendment of its mandate in order to       as well as the people of Rwanda the enhanced UNAMIR
enable it to contribute to the security and protection of        will not be able to achieve much.
civilians in Rwanda, as well as the safeguarding of the
distribution of relief supplies and of the humanitarian relief         The situation into which the contributing countries
operations.                                                      will be sending their troops is indeed highly dangerous.
                                                                 It is therefore essential not only that UNAMIR be
      While believing that the notion of the arms embargo        adequately equipped in terms of armaments, but also that
and military assistance would not bring the satisfactory         it be given clear-cut rules of engagement under which its
results expected of it at this stage or in the foreseeable       troops can effectively defend themselves or those they are
future, my delegation fully supports this endeavour and          required to protect.
considers it an important step in the right direction to
contain the conflict and to halt its proliferation to other           The draft resolution before us is quite clear on the
areas.                                                           mandate for the revamped UNAMIR, and we hope that
                                                                 there will be no confusion in this regard. The restriction
     In view of the above, my delegation will vote in            being placed on the supply of arms and ammunition to
favour of section B of the draft resolution and of the draft     Rwanda is also very timely. We hope that it will be
resolution as a whole.                                           scrupulously observed.

      The President: I thank the representative of Oman               My delegation will vote in favour of the draft
for his kind words addressed to my predecessor and to me.        resolution before us in the hope that the strengthened


                                                                                                                            7

Security Council                                                                                            3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                              16 May 1994

UNAMIR will be able to help stabilize the situation in           mandate will not authorize the use of force to stop ethnic
Rwanda and that the international and regional efforts at        massacres and bloodshed.
securing a cease-fire and the reinstitution of a peaceful
political process in that country will soon bear fruit. The            My delegation would like to agree with this scenario
pressure to withdraw UNAMIR could, however, mount                but, in truth, finds it difficult to accept. We believe the
once again if the Rwandese parties fail to bring the             warring parties are of a mind to continue hostilities until
hostilities and killings to an end within a reasonable period.   there is a significant destruction of the opponent and his
That would mean abandoning the people of Rwanda to               capability. As it presently appears, it may be a
chaos and mayhem, the entire responsibility for which will       considerable period of time before we arrive at such a
lie with the leaders of Rwanda.                                  point, until when we can expect the level of destruction
                                                                 and death to continue at unacceptable levels.
     The President: I thank the representative of Pakistan
for his kind words addressed to me.                                    Certainly the heaviest burden for this undertaking
                                                                 must be assumed by the countries of Africa, which we
     Mr. Olhaye (Djibouti): If there is a positive               feel is possible with the cooperation and assistance of
development in the relentless Rwandan tragedy, it is the         other Member States on an urgent basis. It is indeed a
apparently universal recognition that in some significant        sad reflection on the state of collective security if this
way the international community must now become directly         capability does not exist and cannot be expeditiously
involved. The approach of letting events run their course        mobilized in the face of such relentless destruction and
while diplomatic attempts were intensified to bring the          death. Without these measures, we believe the fighting
Rwanda Government and the Patriotic Front to the                 will continue until little is left, possibly with contagious
negotiating table has, in the light of the seemingly             consequences for neighbouring countries. The fighting
diametrically opposed positions held by the combatants,          must be stopped and law and order in this tiny country
proved fruitless. The resulting level of violence, death and     restored before there is really no country left.
displacement now qualifies as perhaps the greatest human
tragedy in so short a time period in our century. The                 We fully support the call of the draft resolution on
combined efforts of non-governmental organizations,              Member States to restrict the sale of arms and related
surrounding States and the United Nations system to              material to any of the Rwanda parties. Halting such
provide humanitarian relief fail to match the rising needs       shipments will be crucial to the overall success of
created by this catastrophe. It clearly constitutes, as the      UNAMIR, whatever that may be.
draft resolution before us maintains, a serious threat to
peace and security in the region, which must be addressed.             Although, as is clear, my delegation would like to
                                                                 see a stronger mandate for UNAMIR, time is crucial at
      The Secretary-General’s aide-mémoire of 9 May              the moment. It is critical that we take immediate steps to
underscores the rapidly deteriorating situation in Rwanda,       halt the progression of fighting, aid those innocent
which, he states, it is imperative to stop. The heavy            civilians displaced by the war and control vital geographic
fighting, combined with the effects of a serious drought,        assets in Rwanda, as the draft resolution proposes.
has produced a catastrophic food shortage along with the         Should the Secretary-General find that the measures
other consequences of the war. Based upon a set of               called for are insufficient, it may be possible in the near
assumptions, the Secretary-General correctly recommends          future to upgrade UNAMIR’s mandate to include more
a revision in the mandate of the United Nations Assistance       authority to halt the fighting.
Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR) and an upward adjustment
in its numerical composition. The draft resolution before              With some reluctance, therefore, and in the hope of
us, however, only partially addresses this requirement, with     immediate measures being taken, my delegation supports
the hope that the whole spectrum of deployment will have         this draft resolution on Rwanda.
been taken care of shortly after the next report of the
Secretary-General.

     In the mean time, the job of the United Nations will
be to remove the innocent from harm’s way and protect
them during this process, while responding forcefully only
to direct attacks upon itself or the relief efforts. The


8

Security Council                                                                                               3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                                 16 May 1994

      Mr. Li Zhaoxing (China) (interpretation from                      First, the conflicting Rwandese parties should cease
Chinese): On 4 August 1993 the Rwanda Government and              forthwith massacring each other and agree to an effective
the Rwandese Patriotic Front signed a Peace Agreement in          and lasting cease-fire so as to create the conditions
Arusha, and following this development the Security               necessary for an improvement in the humanitarian
Council adopted resolution 872 (1993) on the establishment        situation and the settlement of the conflict through
of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda               negotiations.
(UNAMIR), which reflected the support of the international
community for the peace process of Rwanda. For a time                   Secondly, the Arusha Peace Agreement is the
after that the situation in Rwanda witnessed some positive        framework and bridge agreed by the two Rwandese sides
developments.                                                     for the peaceful settlement of the conflict in Rwanda.
                                                                  The two sides should accept the futility of resolving the
     Unfortunately, since the death of His Excellency             question of Rwanda by military means and should
Major-General Habyarimana, President of the Rwandese              understand that national reconciliation can be achieved
Republic, and Mr. Ntaryamira, President of the Republic of        only when swords are genuinely turned to ploughshares
Burundi, the situation in Rwanda has worsened quickly,            after a cease-fire and when they recommit themselves to
with civil war engulfing the whole country and its people         resuming the peace process initiated by Arusha Peace
being plunged into an abyss of misery, creating a huge            Agreement.
exodus of refugees into neighbouring countries. The
humanitarian situation in the country is getting increasingly           Thirdly, the two sides should closely cooperate with
grave. The Chinese delegation is greatly concerned with           the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, with
these developments.                                               UNAMIR and with the international community’s peace
                                                                  endeavour. At the same time, they should adopt every
      Yet the international community has not forgotten the       possible measure to ensure the safety of United Nations
sufferings of the Rwandese people. The United Nations,            personnel and of those engaged in humanitarian relief
the Organization of African Unity (OAU) and the States            activities.
neighbouring Rwanda have made various efforts to help the
two Rwandese sides to achieve a cease-fire and resume,                 Fourthly, in the course of settling the crisis in
through negotiations, the peace process initiated by the          Rwanda, attention should continue to be given to the role
Arusha Peace Agreement. Meanwhile, humanitarian relief            of the OAU and the countries neighbouring Rwanda.
supplies are being delivered to the refugees in a steady          They should be encouraged to exert positive political
flow. Based on humanitarian considerations, the Security          influence and urge the parties to make further
Council has agreed, after repeated consultations, to expand       contributions to the achievement of a cease-fire and to the
the mandate of UNAMIR and increase the number of its              resumption of the peace process in Rwanda.
personnel with a view to improving the humanitarian
situation and the security environment in Rwanda, and                    Mr. Vorontsov (Russian Federation) (interpretation
alleviating the people’s suffering. This is a reflection of the   from Russian): We in the Russian Federation are deeply
international community’s good will and its sincere desire        concerned at the scope and intensity of the tragedy in
to create conditions for the early restoration of peace and       Rwanda, which has already taken the lives of tens of
security in that country.                                         thousands of peaceful, defenceless people. The tragedy
                                                                  is all the worse in the light of the difficult situation of the
     From the start, we have followed closely the                 nearly 2 million displaced persons and refugees, many of
development of the situation in Rwanda, and we sincerely          whom have been forced to leave the country and seek
hope that the civil war will be brought to an early end and       refuge in neighbouring States.
that peace and stability will be restored, thus enabling
Rwanda to embark on the road of political stability and                We share the view of the Secretary-General that the
economic development.                                             carnage in Rwanda, which has brought that country’s
                                                                  people unspeakable suffering, is a humanitarian
     In order to realize the objective of the draft resolution    catastrophe of unprecedented scope. Hence, the Security
and the final goal of national peace in Rwanda, we hold the       Council was correct to focus its attention on resolving this
following views:                                                  urgent aspect of the problem of Rwanda.




                                                                                                                               9

Security Council                                                                                            3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                              16 May 1994

     Because of the urgent need for United Nations action         there is no progress towards a political settlement, the
to deal with this severe humanitarian crisis and to save          Security Council will have to give serious thought to what
thousands of lives, and taking account of the positions of        further action it should take. In that connection, we think
the other members of the Security Council, the Russian            it important that in the draft resolution the Council
delegation participated actively in drafting the text before      requests the Secretary-General to submit a report before
the Council, and is among its sponsors. At the same time,         we move to the next phase of the operation so that the
during the Council’s preparation of the draft resolution, we      Security Council can take the appropriate decision in the
did not conceal our concern that the decision to expand the       light of developments.
United Nations operation in Rwanda was being taken
without due account for a number of basic criteria for                  We also draw special attention to the need to ensure
carrying out peace-keeping operations, criteria confirmed in      that the operation is carried out economically.
the course of United Nations activities and approved by the
Council in the statement issued by its President on 3 May              We are thoroughly convinced of the need for close
1994. In that connection, we are particularly pleased by          coordination between the efforts of the Secretary-General
today’s changes and additions to the draft resolution, which      and those of the Organization of African Unity and the
go towards addressing the concerns we had expressed.              neighbours of Rwanda - which in our view have far from
                                                                  exhausted the opportunities to bring influence to bear on
      In that context, we must affirm that, in our view, a        the Rwandese parties with a view to a swift end to the
most important factor for ensuring the success of the             senseless carnage, a settlement of the conflict, and the
operation is the unconditional cooperation of both                restoration of the peace process in Rwanda.
Rwandese parties, as stressed in the report of the Secretary-General (S/1994/565). We are pleased that this aspect is                Russia strongly condemns efforts to resolve the
reflected in the text of the draft resolution.                    conflict in Rwanda by force, and advocates an immediate
                                                                  end to the violence and the fighting in that country. We
      We proceed from the premise that the central element        are willing closely to coordinate our activities in the
of the forthcoming operation is the establishment of secure       Security Council and our bilateral activities with the
humanitarian areas, primarily in Rwanda’s border areas, for       efforts of all members of the world community, the
the protection of refugees and displaced persons and of           Organization of African Unity and African States, with a
members of the civilian population under threat. In that          view to dealing with this grave crisis in Rwanda. We
connection, we note that the report of the Secretary-General      intend to do everything possible to ensure that peace and
refers to the provision of assistance to those requiring it in    concord will reign there once more.
the interior of the country - not instead of but in addition to
the establishment of these secure humanitarian areas. The               In that connection, I wish to announce that the
concept of these secure humanitarian areas will undoubtedly       Government of the Russian Federation has decided to
make it easier to establish them fairly quickly and will not      make available through the Office of the United Nations
require such a large United Nations force.                        High Commissioner for Refugees in Tanzania a transport
                                                                  unit in Mwanza to provide emergency humanitarian
      We also view as particularly important the draft            assistance for refugees from Rwanda.
resolution’s provision with respect to the imposition of an
arms embargo on Rwanda; this is critical in the absence of              The President: I shall now put to the vote
a cease-fire. Here, special responsibility for effective          section B of the draft resolution contained in document
implementation will lie with neighbouring African States,         S/1994/571.
particularly with respect to not permitting the sale or
delivery of weapons and not permitting the transit of                  A vote was taken by show of hands.
weapons through their territory.
                                                                  In favour:
     In the light of the urgent humanitarian nature of this
United Nations operation, I wish to stress particularly that           Argentina, Brazil, China, Czech Republic, Djibouti,
it must be carried out quickly and efficiently so that it can          France, New Zealand, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan,
be successfully concluded in a short time. If during that              Russian Federation, Spain, United Kingdom of Great
time the conditions necessary for continuing the peace-                Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of
keeping operation do not come about in Rwanda, and if                  America


10

Security Council                                                                                            3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                              16 May 1994

Against:                                                          reluctantly and underscored at the time that it was a
    Rwanda                                                        temporary measure.
                                                                        By voting today in favour of resolution 918 (1994),
     The President: There were 14 votes in favour and             which decides to expand UNAMIR up to 5,500 troops,
one against. Section B of the draft resolution has been           my delegation is expressing its will to help the Rwandese
adopted.                                                          people to find peace and security once again. The
                                                                  objective is first of all humanitarian. It is a question of
        I shall now put the rest of the draft resolution to the   ensuring the protection of the civilian population and
vote.                                                             allowing the delivery of humanitarian assistance. The
                                                                  longer-term objective of the United Nations is, however,
        A vote was taken by show of hands.                        political. The United Nations is determined to contribute,
                                                                  in due course, to the resumption of the peace process
In favour:                                                        within the framework of the Arusha Agreement, which
                                                                  remains the only way to resolve the crisis in Rwanda.
        Argentina, Brazil, China, Czech Republic, Djibouti,
        France, New Zealand, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan,                 France pays tribute to the peace efforts being made
        Russian Federation, Rwanda, Spain, United Kingdom         by the countries of the region and especially the
        of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of   Tanzanian Facilitator.
        America
                                                                       My delegation also pays tribute to the courage and
     The President: There were 15 votes in favour. The            determination of the UNAMIR troops, who, under the
rest of the draft resolution contained in document                authority of the Special Representative of the Secretary-S/1994/571 has been adopted unanimously.                          General and of the Force Commander, have endeavoured
                                                                  to protect the civilian populations, to obtain a cease-fire
     Since all the sections of the draft resolution contained     agreement and to contribute to the resumption of dialogue
in document S/1994/571, as orally revised in its provisional      between the parties.
form, have been adopted, may I take it that the draft
resolution as a whole has been adopted?                                France urgently appeals for an end to the massacres.
                                                                  It urges the parties to conclude a cease-fire and to
        There being no objection, it is so decided.               cooperate with UNAMIR to restore peace to the country.

     The text of the draft resolution contained in document              Mr. Keating (New Zealand): I need to begin, I
S/1994/571, as orally revised in its provisional form, has        regret, by saying that in the view of my delegation the
been adopted as resolution 918 (1994).                            first speaker in our debate should not have spoken. I say
                                                                  this for two reasons. First, in the view of my delegation
     I shall now call on those members of the Council who         he does not represent a State. He has no legitimacy and
wish to make statements following the voting.                     is merely the mouthpiece of a faction. He should not
                                                                  have been seated in a privileged position at this table.
      Mr. Mérimée (France) (interpretation from French):          Secondly, he has, in the view of my delegation, given us
Rwanda is experiencing one of the most tragic periods in          a shameful distortion of the truth.
its history. Tens of thousands, perhaps hundreds of
thousands, of civilians have been massacred. None of the                My delegation voted in favour of resolution
traditional safe havens - churches, hospitals or headquarters     918 (1994), but I cannot conceal its disappointment that
of humanitarian organizations - have been spared in this          the resolution only approves a very modest first phase of
unleashing of violence. Faced with a humanitarian                 the expanded United Nations presence which we believe
catastrophe of such magnitude the international community         is essential in Rwanda.
could not fail to react.
                                                                        True, there are some very important and positive
      The Security Council had been compelled to make             elements in this resolution. It contains a commitment to
troop reductions in the United Nations Assistance Mission         go back to Rwanda with a new mandate to protect
for Rwanda (UNAMIR), which had been prevented from                civilians at risk and to provide security for humanitarian
fulfilling its mandate. My delegation took that decision          relief operations. It also signals quite clearly that the


                                                                                                                          11

Security Council                                                                                          3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                            16 May 1994

United Nations presence should be sufficiently robust and             The world has been appalled by the scale of the
that force will be used if necessary against those who          tragedy which has occurred in Rwanda. It is not a tragedy
threaten protected sites and populations. It imposes a          to which there is any easy international response. The
mandatory arms embargo on Rwanda, and it requests a             United Nations cannot impose an end to the bloodshed.
report as soon as possible from the Secretary-General on        But neither can it stand idly by. The Force Commander
the investigation of war crimes and genocide committed in       of UNAMIR and its personnel have been doing a
Rwanda over the past four weeks. But the resolution stops       tremendous job in the most difficult of circumstances. It
short of what is really necessary.                              is right that new tasks should now be added to
                                                                UNAMIR’s mandate to help the civilian population. The
      Ten days ago my delegation proposed a draft               priority now must be to ensure the early deployment of
resolution which envisaged all of the elements in this text,    the troops needed for these tasks.
but which contained, in addition, one further key element:
the commitment of the Council to an operation that would              The focus of this expanded United Nations operation
make a start on the task of protecting civilians at risk in     will rightly be humanitarian. It is essential to ensure the
various locations in the interior of Rwanda. No one can         rapid and effective delivery of sufficient humanitarian aid
seriously expect the United Nations to provide support for      both to those displaced within Rwanda and to the
every civilian at risk in Rwanda. Even if the force were        refugees in the neighbouring countries. We hope that all
fully deployed as we would like, it will take time and it       donors will contribute generously to this programme. My
will be difficult to cover all of the country. We all know      own Government has given some $5 million since the
that any operation can only do what is possible within          beginning of last month to humanitarian relief in and
available resources.                                            around Rwanda.

      But, in our view, there is no need for the Council to          We must not lose sight of the need to achieve a
condition its agreement by a requirement for further reports    cease-fire between the parties and to get the peace process
and further review. New Zealand would be the first to           back on track. The Arusha Agreement remains the only
agree that there needs to be a detailed, hands-on process of    viable basis for national reconciliation in Rwanda. We
interaction between the Council and the Secretariat to          welcome in this context the efforts of the
update and fine-tune the operational concept as planning is     Secretary-General and his Special Representative and of
finalized in the period prior to deployment. Indeed, we         the OAU and neighbouring States, and encourage them to
would like to see institutional arrangements within the         continue to work constructively towards this goal.
Council for a more hands-on approach to all of the complex
operations supervised by the Council. But there was no               In the meantime, both sides to the dispute must
need in this case to condition the deployment as has been       cooperate with the United Nations in the implementation
done in operative paragraph 6.                                  of the mandate which this Council has just given to
                                                                UNAMIR. The parties cannot escape their responsibility
     We urge that the Secretary-General’s report, under         for events in the areas which they control. Those
operative paragraph 6, be submitted as soon as possible and     controlling the areas in which the massacres have
we also urge that the second phase deployment of the            occurred must act, and act now, to stop the bloodshed.
expanded UNAMIR be undertaken quickly. The burden               The Council’s message on this, in its statement of
now falls on the Council to make this work, and we will be      30th April and in the present resolution, has been
looking to all members of the Council to live up to the         absolutely clear cut and it needs to be heeded.
expectations that have been created.
                                                                     Mr. Inderfurth (United States): The cries of the
      Sir David Hannay (United Kingdom): I would like to        victims in Rwanda have been heard calling upon the
say that my delegation, too, regrets the tone and the content   Security Council to act. The sheer magnitude of the
of the first statement that was made to the Council this        humanitarian disaster in that tragic country demands
evening in the name of the Government of Rwanda. We             action. This Council has struggled to formulate a
would have wished to see a condemnation of the atrocities       response that is both appropriate and effective. To do so
that have taken place, many of them in parts of the country     we went to extraordinary lengths today for two reasons.
controlled by that Government, in a less perfunctory
manner than was done.                                                First, the United States wants the United Nations to
                                                                succeed in Rwanda, and in all its peace-keeping


12

Security Council                                                                                            3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                              16 May 1994

operations. To ensure its success, we want to bring the           crisis of gigantic proportions. The Security Council has
ends and means of the Council’s resolutions into balance.         been seized of the matter since the resumption of the
                                                                  conflict, and has been continuously addressing the
      Secondly, we believe that the guidelines outlined in        situation in order to be able to respond though concrete
this Council’s presidential statement of 3 May are the right      action.
way to evaluate the viability of a mission, and we want to
make sure that, to the extent possible, we follow that                  Unfortunately, the commendable efforts undertaken
process in our deliberations.                                     by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General
                                                                  and the UNAMIR Force Commander, as well as those by
     That is why, in the next report of the Secretary-            the Organization of African Unity, to bring about a cease-General on Rwanda, I would expect the following factors           fire agreement between the parties have yet to bear fruit.
to be closely examined: a well defined concept of
operations; availability of resources; consent of the parties;         In view of the prevailing conditions, we agree with
progress towards a cease-fire; and the duration of the            the Secretary-General’s view that it is essential that the
mandate.                                                          United Nations consider what measures it can adopt even
                                                                  before a cease-fire is achieved. For this reason, my
      With this resolution, my Government believes the            Government has voted in favour of resolution 918 (1994)
Council has taken the right steps to begin to bring aid and       to expand UNAMIR’s mandate so that it can contribute
hope to the innocent victims. But whatever efforts the            to the security and protection of displaced persons,
United Nations may undertake, the true key to the problems        refugees and civilians at risk in Rwanda.
in Rwanda is in the hands of the Rwandese people. In
Rwanda, this means that the killing - by all parties - must             Furthermore, UNAMIR will be mandated to provide
stop. The killing must stop, not only between armed               security to and support for the distribution of relief
combatants, but especially the massacres of unarmed               supplies and humanitarian relief operations. It is clear
civilians in which tens of thousands have already been            that UNAMIR will be dedicated to ensuring means for the
killed. Further, the parties must consent to unimpeded            provision of emergency relief aid to those in need in
United Nations operations providing humanitarian assistance       Rwanda as a priority task. This, however, should not be
to and protection for displaced persons, and refugees. In         the sole objective of its presence in that beleaguered
this regard, it is critical that all parties respect absolutely   country. UNAMIR should also continue to act as an
the inviolability of United Nations personnel and                 intermediary between the parties, so that not only can an
peacekeepers.      If the parties can demonstrate their           immediate cease-fire be reached, but also the peace
willingness and ability to meet these simple but vital            process under the Arusha Peace Agreement can be
requirements for an effective United Nations peacekeeping         promptly resumed.
operation, then the international community will be willing
and able to help.                                                      My delegation supports the expeditious deployment
                                                                  of the expanded force of UNAMIR as essential for the
      The situation in Rwanda is horrifying, difficult and        successful implementation of its mandate, which has been
very much in flux. The resolution we have adopted today           broadened by the resolution this Council has just adopted.
recognizes the necessity for both a rapid and continually         Brazil has supported the adoption of resolution
refined response to best deal with the situation in the           918 (1994), inspired by the expectation that renewed
country. We hope the Council’s action will be the impetus         UNAMIR efforts will be able to relieve the plight of
to convince the parties to end the bloodshed immediately.         millions in Rwanda and to respond to the urgent need to
If not, we will look to further reports of the Secretary-         restore conditions for the resumption of the peace process.
General on how best to carry out today’s decision. In this
spirit of hope measured with concern, the United States                 Mr. Cardenas (Argentina) (interpretation from
supports today’s actions of the Council.                          Spanish): Since the events of 6 April 1994, with the
                                                                  violence and the atrocious, systematic massacres that were
     Mr. Valle (Brazil): Since the beginning of April,            unleashed, Rwanda has been submerged in a humanitarian
events in Rwanda have been evolving tragically.                   crisis of enormous proportions. The detailed report that
Thousands of innocent civilians have been killed, and more        the Secretary-General has submitted to us in connection
than a million people have been displaced by the ensuing          with the situation in Rwanda tells us that almost 2 million
violence. We are witnessing an appalling humanitarian


                                                                                                                          13

Security Council                                                                                            3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                              16 May 1994

persons have been displaced and that 300,000 more have          gravity of the events, we also appeal to the entire
sought refuge in neighbouring countries.                        international community to generously step up its
                                                                humanitarian assistance to the people of Rwanda.
      Some sources estimate the deaths at approximately
200,000 persons. This horrifying situation - for which there          Mr. Yañez Barnuevo (Spain) (interpretation from
can be no justification whatsoever, regardless of those that    Spanish): The delegation of Spain is gratified by the
have been put forward this evening - has made it absolutely     adoption of resolution 918 (1994), co-sponsored by the
essential for the Security Council to consider the adoption     delegation of Spain. Based upon a proposal by the
of measures to be implemented immediately in order to           Secretary-General, the resolution expands the mandate
meet the most urgent needs of the civilians at risk in          and the size of UNAMIR in order to contribute to the
Rwanda, including the many refugees and displaced               safety and protection of displaced persons, refugees and
persons, contributing to their protection and security and      civilians at risk in Rwanda, and aims at providing support
providing support and aid in the delivery of humanitarian       and security for the supply of emergency assistance and
assistance.                                                     humanitarian aid.

      It is in this humanitarian context that the Security            Like the Council’s declaration of 30 April, the
Council has decided to expand the mandate of the United         resolution just adopted is the result of intensive debates in
Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR) under            informal consultations that have shown the concern of the
resolution 912 (1994) and to expand the force up to a level     members of the Council at the deterioration of the
of 5,500 troops through a progressive deployment, to be         humanitarian situation in Rwanda and the importance that
carried out stage by stage. We stress the importance of         we all attach to finding effective ways of alleviating the
UNAMIR’s having the cooperation of the parties in the           crisis of enormous dimensions that is afflicting that
fulfilment of its mandate and especially in the task of         country.
ensuring the unhindered delivery of humanitarian assistance
to those in need.                                                    It is necessary to emphasize the international
                                                                community’s repudiation of the violence that has afflicted
      In addition, the parties must show absolute respect for   Rwanda subsequent to the air crash that took the lives of
the security of the personnel of UNAMIR and of those who        the Presidents of Rwanda and Burundi. We strongly
are carrying out tasks of a humanitarian nature in Rwanda.      condemn the numerous killings of civilians that have
                                                                taken place in Rwanda and that are still being committed
      This solution is aimed only at alleviating the            with impunity.
humanitarian tragedy to which we have referred. It is up
to the parties to the conflict to rechannel the Arusha peace          The Government of Spain, which has made the
process in search of reconciliation, which, though difficult,   protection of human rights one of the fundamental
is not impossible. This is why we consider it essential that    principles of its foreign policy, is horrified by the reports
efforts be made towards a cease-fire, and that in this          that have come from many non-governmental
context the Security Council establish a mandatory arms         organizations and from the communications media of the
embargo on Rwanda and call on international organizations       systematic, generalized and manifest violations of
to comply strictly with it.                                     international humanitarian law in Rwanda. That is why
                                                                we associate ourselves with all the other members of the
      We hope that the systematic violations of humanitarian    Council in recalling that the killing of members of an
law in Rwanda as well as all the brutal violations of the       ethnic group with the intention of destroying that group
right to life and property, which have astounded the whole      in whole or in part constitutes a crime which is
world, will be fully investigated. In this respect, we          punishable under international law. Furthermore, any
commend the efforts by the High Commissioner for Human          public and direct incitement to violence with the intention
Rights, Ambassador José Ayala Lasso, in the important area      of destroying a racial or ethnic group constitutes in and of
which is the raison d’être of his responsibilities.             itself a crime of that nature. This is why the Council has
                                                                made an urgent appeal to the parties to cease immediately
      Before concluding, I also want to emphasize the           such acts of a grave nature, including incitements to
initiatives that have been taken by the Organization of         violence that have been made through broadcasts that are
African Unity with a view to putting an end to the conflict,    known to all.
and to note the courage of UNAMIR troops. Given the


14

Security Council                                                                                            3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                              16 May 1994

     Like other members of the Council, we also regret that       contain the hostilities and to avoid an intensification of
we have had to hear today, in the Council, reasoning which        the conflict, a conflict which, if not controlled in time,
comes too close to an attempt to justify acts that we             could spread beyond the borders of that country,
consider to be altogether unjustifiable.                          destabilizing neighbouring countries and having a highly
                                                                  negative impact on the entire region.
      The Spanish delegation will be closely following the
evolution of events in Rwanda and in particular the                     Therefore, everyone must work towards a political
humanitarian situation and the continued risks to the             settlement of the conflict through the efforts of the
civilian population.                                              Secretary-General and his Special Representative, together
                                                                  with the Secretary-General of the Organization of African
      We therefore welcome the recent visit to the region by      Unity and the countries of the region, in particular the
the High Commissioner of the United Nations for Human             President of Tanzania as the facilitator of the peace
Rights, Ambassador Ayala Lasso, and we are awaiting with          process.
great interest the report that the Council has requested of
the Secretary-General on the grave violations of                       It is our hope that the Rwandese parties, heeding the
international humanitarian law which have occurred                appeals of the international community, will cooperate in
throughout this conflict in Rwanda.                               good faith with those efforts by concluding a cease-fire
                                                                  and resuming the Arusha peace process. If they do not
     I also want to point out that the Foreign Ministers of       do so, they will be assuming enormous responsibility
the European Union have just adopted in Brussels a                vis-à-vis their people and the entire international
declaration which urges the parties immediately to put an         community.
end to the killing and to respect the Arusha Agreement,
which remains the best basis for national reconciliation.              Mr. Kovanda (Czech Republic): The crocodiles in
The European Ministers also reaffirm their commitment to          the Kagera river and the vultures over Rwanda have
the provision of humanitarian assistance to all the               seldom had it so good. They are feeding on the bodies of
population which is in need, and in this respect they have        the thousands upon thousands of children and women,
decided to send a high-level mission to the region.               hundreds of whom were pregnant, and men who have
                                                                  been hacked to death during the past six weeks by what
      The resolution which we have just adopted is just a         has turned out to be a most vicious regime.
first step in the search for a lasting solution to the conflict
in Rwanda. Estimates of approximately 200,000 persons                  The massacres include 4,000 killed in Kibeho; 5,500
killed and approximately 2 million refugees will leave            butchered in Cyahinda; 800 assassinated in Kiziguru; 500
traces that will be hard to erase. It is time to appeal for       slain in Rukira; 2,500 slaughtered in Kibungo; another
common sense so that the parties may agree to a cease-fire        4,000 have been murdered in Shangi, a parish in
and resume negotiations that will make it possible to get the     Cyangugu, and 2,000 in Mibirizi, also in Cyangugu. This
peace process under way once again.                               is the same Cyangugu where many thousands have
                                                                  apparently been trapped for weeks on end in a stadium
     The stage-by-stage deployment of an expanded                 without any relief. Surely one wonders whether the dead
UNAMIR, with the active cooperation of the African                are not better off than the living.
countries and the remainder of the international community,
will make it possible for the United Nations to fulfil its             These are just some of the massacres which we
mandate with the utmost efficiency and will ensure the            know of, thanks mostly to human rights organizations and
provision of humanitarian assistance to displaced persons,        the Catholic Church. One can only extrapolate the total
refugees and civilians at risk. The Rwandese parties must         number of victims. The Secretary-General has offered the
understand that the full implementation of the UNAMIR             estimate of 200,000 dead.
mission depends, in the final analysis, on their support and
cooperation and on their full respect for the security and             All reports indicate that these atrocities have been
freedom of movement of the members of UNAMIR and of               committed by Hutu cutthroats - and seldom has this word
humanitarian organizations.                                       been so literally the right one - against their Tutsi
                                                                  neighbours. Now, there are those who would apportion
    Lastly, the imposition of a military embargo on               blame "evenly"; those who would argue that there must
Rwanda reaffirms the international community’s resolve to         also have been Tutsi atrocities against Hutus in this past


                                                                                                                         15

Security Council                                                                                           3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                             16 May 1994

month. And indeed, human rights organizations have                    We have requested the Secretary-General to present
assiduously sought direct evidence of massacres in               a report on investigations of the atrocities.
territories controlled by the largely Tutsi Rwandese Patriotic   Ambassador Ayala Lasso, the United Nations High
Front (RPF). So far, they have found very little such            Commissioner for Human Rights, is already actively
evidence.                                                        involved with this issue. After we get the report, we will
                                                                 want to know who is responsible for the atrocities. Then
      So we have some 200,000 Tutsi lives lost, out of a         we will want to know how those responsible will be
total population of about 1 million - 20 per cent of all of      brought to justice. For surely they cannot avoid justice.
Rwanda’s Tutsis. Each of us can figure out how many
lives such a percentage would represent in his own country             Today, my delegation cosponsored a decision to
for his own people. This situation is being described as a       move back into Rwanda - too late, for sure, for the
humanitarian crisis as though it were a famine or perhaps        hundreds of thousands who have lost their lives already,
a natural disaster. In the view of my delegation, the proper     but in time, we hope, to curtail the continuation of
description is genocide.                                         brutalities. We are deciding to strengthen UNAMIR’s
                                                                 numbers and to strengthen its mandate. Its first priority
      Now, as is well known, a civil war has been raging in      is to help the unfortunates who are in distress and danger
Rwanda as well since 1990. But even a civil war, however         in the hinterland. UNAMIR will not get involved in the
awful by itself, is no excuse - never mind justification - for   civil war, even though a cease-fire would surely make its
genocide. And, civil war or not, the hundreds of thousands       humanitarian job easier.
of civilians who have fallen victim to the butchers were not
at the front lines but far in the hinterland, with no visible          Last month, the Security Council was in absolute
connection to the RPF except for their ethnic background.        shock, stunned with disbelief at the viciousness of the
Hence the real innocence of those whom we all too                massacres that broke out. Our first concern was for the
automatically describe as "innocent civilians".                  safety of our vastly outmanned, outgunned, out-macheted
                                                                 and out-mandated UNAMIR. We reduced its strength,
      The Arusha agreements of 1993 pointed a way to             but not before losing 10 brave young men. Even with its
resolving the civil conflict. As a consequence of the            reduced strength, UNAMIR has managed, among other
Arusha Agreement, the Government controlled by President         things, to protect the lives - though hardly much more -
Habyarimana was expanded to include noted personalities          of thousands upon thousands of wretched souls in Kigali.
who had opposed him politically. Foremost among them             My Government salutes the courage of UNAMIR, the
was the Prime Minister, Mrs. Agathe Uwilingiyimana. It           martyrdom of its lost comrades and the coolness of its
bears recalling that she and other Hutu opposition               commander. We also salute the indefatigable work of the
personalities were among the first to fall victim to the         United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
horror unleashed by President Habyarimana’s supporters           (UNHCR) continuing efforts of non-governmental
after his death.                                                 organizations, which have done so much to apprise us of
                                                                 the true nature of the conflicts in Rwanda.
      By whom? Who is it who has been committing these
unspeakable atrocities? Certainly not the Rwandan people              The President: I shall now make a statement in my
at large, Hutu or otherwise. These atrocities have been          capacity as representative of Nigeria.
committed by the Presidential Guard created by President
Habyarimana. They have been committed by elements of                   My delegation has made it clear on several occasions
the Rwandese Government Forces loyal to him. They have           in the discussions on this subject that Rwanda’s situation
been committed by the militia, the Gendarmerie. They             is an exceptionally tragic one requiring a solution which
have been committed on orders of people close to                 would, in large measure, have to be extraordinary. It is
President Habyarimana and at the instigation of the              true that a desperate disease requires a desperate cure.
incendiary broadcasts of Radio Milles Collines. This radio       My delegation also remains convinced that, while the
station is private but it is owned by people close to the late   Organization of African Unity and the neighbouring
President. Let there be no mistake: The mass media               countries have an important role to play in efforts to halt
incitement to ethnic hatred mentioned in the preamble to         the ongoing carnage and restore peace in Rwanda, the
our resolution has Radio Milles Collines specifically in         United Nations has an even more critical role to play in
mind.                                                            galvanizing international assistance for that troubled
                                                                 country. Indeed, we believe that the credibility of the


16

Security Council                                                                                              3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                                16 May 1994

United Nations is not particularly well served if, in                    While the primary focus of the expanded UNAMIR
moments of crisis, the United Nations prevaricates and             is humanitarian, the present resolution also demands that
takes positions which, in hindsight, are sadly mistaken.           all parties to the conflict immediately cease hostilities,
                                                                   agree to a cease-fire and bring an end to the mindless
      Nigeria sees the tasks now facing the international          violence and carnage engulfing Rwanda. In this context,
community in Rwanda as three-fold: humanitarian, security          it invites the Secretary-General and his Special
and political, all of which are closely interconnected. On         Representative, in coordination with the OAU and
the humanitarian level, urgent assistance is needed to attend      countries in the region, to continue their efforts to
to the needs of an estimated 2 million people who are              cultivate a political settlement in Rwanda within the
internally displaced and the 1.5 million others suffering          framework of the Arusha Peace Agreement.                My
from the consequences of the severe famine and drought             delegation believes that it is important that we address the
which confronted the country before the outbreak of the            wider political purpose of the United Nations involvement
current hostilities.                                               in Rwanda by helping to obtain a cease-fire and helping
                                                                   to promote the peace process.
     In addition, there are thousands of Rwandan refugees
in the neighbouring countries whose needs have to be                     Two additional important elements of the present
urgently addressed.                                                resolution include a request for the Secretary-General to
                                                                   present a report on possible violations of international
      At the level of security, international assistance is        humanitarian law in Rwanda since the outbreak of current
urgently needed to halt the ongoing carnage and provide a          hostilities and the imposition of an arms embargo to
stable and secure environment. The provision of security           prevent the sale and delivery of arms and related matériel
is vital not only for the thousands of civilians and displaced     of all types in Rwanda. We strongly believe these two
persons, but also to facilitate the work of the United             measures would contribute to reducing the level of
Nations and other humanitarian relief agencies in Rwanda.          violence and thus foster the prospects of an early return
                                                                   to peace in the country.
     At the level of political concern, international efforts -
both of the United Nations and at the level of the                      In conclusion, we join in commending the efforts of
Organization of African Unity (OAU) - must put in focus            those States, United Nations agencies and
the larger objective of achieving an immediate cease-fire          non-governmental organizations which have continued to
and a lasting political settlement within the framework of         provide humanitarian and other assistance in Rwanda
the Arusha Peace Agreement.                                        under extremely difficult circumstances. We commend
                                                                   also the untiring efforts of the OAU and the Tanzanian
      The resolution which we have just adopted makes a            Government aimed at bringing the peace process back on
significant effort to address the pressing needs of Rwanda,        track.
particularly in the humanitarian sphere. In contrast to the
drastic reduction of the United Nations Assistance Mission              We urge Member States to respond promptly to the
for Rwanda (UNAMIR) force level undertaken in resolution           Secretary-General’s request for logistical support
912 (1994) of 21 April 1994, the present resolution                capability for the rapid deployment of UNAMIR’s
authorizes the deployment of the UNAMIR force level up             expanded force level and its support in the field.
to 5,500 troops.
                                                                         One final word: although Nigeria voted in favour of
       The focus of the expanded mission is humanitarian:          this resolution, we have reservations on two aspects.
first, to contribute to the security and protection of civilians   First, we are not entirely satisfied with the manner in
and the establishment and maintenance of secure                    which African issues that come before the Council tend
humanitarian areas, in particular for displaced persons and        generally to be treated. Secondly, we are unhappy with
refugees; and secondly, to provide security and support for        the import of operative paragraph 7 of the present
the distribution of relief supplies and humanitarian relief        resolution, which would seem to imply that the second
operations. In the exercise of this role, the expanded             phase of UNAMIR’s deployment will be dependent on a
UNAMIR is authorized to take action as appropriate to              number of conditionalities, including a further decision or
defend itself and other international personnel and others         action by the Council. Our own expectation is that the
located in secure areas.                                           second phase of UNAMIR’s deployment will achieve the
                                                                   force level of 5,500 troops, or as close to that as possible


                                                                                                                            17

Security Council                                                                                        3377th meeting
Forty-ninth year                                                                                          16 May 1994

and necessary, as called for by the Secretary-General in his        We call on the international community not to
report. In this regard, Nigeria has already indicated its      abandon the innocent civilians in Rwanda, because to let
intention to contribute troops to an expanded UNAMIR.          them down would be to let ourselves down. After all, we
We therefore call on Member States to respond urgently         are part of the same common humanity.
and favourably to the Secretary-General’s request.
                                                                   I now resume my functions as President of the
                                                               Council.

                                                                    There are no further speakers. The Security Council
                                                               has thus concluded the present stage of its consideration
                                                               of the item on the agenda.

                                                                    The meeting rose at 1.45 a.m.




18

Voting Summary
Yes: 000 | No: 000 | Abstentions: 000 | Non-Voting: 015 | Total voting membership: 015
ARGENTINA
BRAZIL
CHINA
CZECH REPUBLIC
DJIBOUTI
FRANCE
NEW ZEALAND
NIGERIA
OMAN
PAKISTAN
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
RWANDA
SPAIN
UNITED KINGDOM
UNITED STATES