UEXdo/OpenDataHub huggingface dataset:
Emissions-weighted carbon price: sources and methods
Authors: Dolphin, G.; Merkle, M.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractThis note describes the sources and methods used to calculate the emissions-weighted carbon price (ECP), the average price applied to CO2 emissions across all sources of emissions within a territorial jurisdiction by all carbon pricing mechanisms in force. It provides a transparent summary of the stringency of carbon pricing mechanisms in force within a given jurisdiction and allows for a straightforward comparison of that stringency across jurisdictions. It also describes the methodolog
A city-level dataset of heavy metal emissions into the atmosphere across China from 2015–2020
Authors: Dong, Q.; Li, Y.; Wei, X.; Jiao, L.; Wu, L.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractThe absence of nationwide distribution data regarding heavy metal emissions into the atmosphere poses a significant constraint in environmental research and public health assessment. In response to the critical data deficiency, we have established a dataset covering Cr, Cd, As, and Pb emissions into the atmosphere (HMEAs, unit: ton) across 367 municipalities in China. Initially, we collected HMEAs data and covariates such as industrial emissions, vehicle emissions, meteorological variabl
County-level intensity of carbon emissions from crop farming in China during 2000–2019
Authors: Li, C.; Jia, J.; Wu, F.; Zuo, L.; Cui, X.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractAgriculture is an important contributor to global carbon emissions. With the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations and China’s carbon neutral strategy, accurate estimation of carbon emissions from crop farming is essential to reduce agricultural carbon emissions and promote sustainable food production systems in China. However, previous long-term time series estimates in China have mainly focused on the national and provincial levels, which are insuffi
A global dataset of carbon pumping by the world’s largest tropical rivers
Authors: Salerno, L.; Giulio Tonolo, F.; Camporeale, C.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

Abstract
                  The eco-morphodynamic activity of large tropical rivers interacts with riparian vegetation causing implications for the carbon cycle within inland waters. Through a multi-temporal analysis of satellite data spanning the years 2000–2019, we analyzed rivers exceeding 200 m in width across the tropical regions, revealing a Carbon Pump mechanism driving an annual mobilization of 12.45 million tons of organic carbon. The study identifies fluvial eco-morphological signatures
A global dataset of biochar application effects on crop yield, soil properties, and greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Li, X.; Wu, D.; Liu, X.; Huang, Y.; Cai, A.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractBiochar application is widely studied to mitigate the threats of soil degradation to food security and climate change. However, there are big variations in the effects of biochar application on crops, soils, and the atmosphere during crop production. This study provides a global dataset of biochar application effects on crop yield, soil properties, and greenhouse emissions. The dataset is extracted and integrated from 367 peer-reviewed studies with 891 independent field, laboratory, and
China’s low-carbon policy intensity dataset from national- to prefecture-level over 2007–2022
Authors: Dong, X.; Wang, C.; Zhang, F.; Zhang, H.; Xia, C.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractLow-carbon policies are essential for facilitating manufacturing industries’ low-carbon transformation and achieving carbon neutrality in China. However, recent studies usually apply proxy variables to quantify policies, while composite indices of policy intensity measured by objectives and instruments focus more on the national level. It is deficient in direct and comprehensive quantification for low-carbon policies. Hence, having extended the meaning of policy intensity, this paper con
A comprehensive city-level final energy consumption dataset including renewable energy for China, 2005–2021
Authors: Yang, G.; Zhang, G.; Cao, D.; Gao, X.; Wang, X.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractThe role of China is increasingly pivotal in climate change mitigation, and the formulation of energy conservation and emission reduction policies requires city-level information. The effectiveness of national policy implementation is contingent upon the support and involvement of local governments. Accurate data on final energy consumption is vital to formulate and implement city-level energy transitions and energy conservation and emission reduction policies. However, there is a dearth
Comprehensive Dataset on Electrical Load Profiles for Energy Community in Ireland
Authors: Trivedi, R.; Bahloul, M.; Saif, A.; Patra, S.; Khadem, S.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractThis paper describes a comprehensive energy-related dataset, collected from residential electricity households within an energy community in Ireland, as part of StoreNet project. The data includes local weather parameters and per household power (W) and energy (Wh) components for various aspects such as active power consumption, PV generation, grid import and export, charging and discharging, and the state of charge of energy storage. Additionally, it provides weather data for the locati
CLEMD, a circuit-level electrical measurements dataset for electrical energy management
Authors: Al-Khadher, O.; Mukhtaruddin, A.; Hashim, F.; Azizan, M.; Mamat, H.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractEnhancing energy efficiency in commercial buildings is crucial for reducing energy consumption. Achieving this goal requires careful monitoring and analysis of the energy usage patterns exhibited by different devices. Nonetheless, gathering data from individual appliances in commercial buildings presents difficulties due to the large number of appliances, complex installations, and costs. This paper presents the Circuits-Level Electrical Measurements Dataset (CLEMD). The measurement was
The Plegma dataset: Domestic appliance-level and aggregate electricity demand with metadata from Greece
Authors: Athanasoulias, S.; Guasselli, F.; Doulamis, N.; Doulamis, A.; Ipiotis, N.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractThe growing availability of smart meter data has facilitated the development of energy-saving services like demand response, personalized energy feedback, and non-intrusive-load-monitoring applications, all of which heavily rely on advanced machine learning algorithms trained on energy consumption datasets. To ensure the accuracy and reliability of these services, real-world smart meter data collection is crucial. The Plegma dataset described in this paper addresses this need bfy providi
Urban water and electricity demand data for understanding climate change impacts on the water-energy nexus
Authors: Obringer, R.; Nateghi, R.; Knee, J.; Madani, K.; Kumar, R.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractAs the climate crisis intensifies, it is becoming increasingly important to conduct research aimed at fully understanding the climate change impacts on various infrastructure systems. In particular, the water-electricity demand nexus is a growing area of focus. However, research on the water-electricity demand nexus requires the use of demand data, which can be difficult to obtain, especially across large spatial extents. Here, we present a dataset containing over a decade (2007–2018) of
An electricity smart meter dataset of Spanish households: insights into consumption patterns
Authors: Quesada, C.; Astigarraga, L.; Merveille, C.; Borges, C.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractSmart meters are devices that provide detailed information about the energy consumed by specific electricity supply points, such as homes, offices, and businesses. Data from smart meters are useful for modeling energy systems, predicting electricity consumption, and understanding human behavior. We present the first smart meter dataset from Spanish electricity supply points, expanding the geographic diversity of available data on energy consumption at the household level and reducing bia
A dataset of recorded electricity outages by United States county 2014–2022
Authors: Brelsford, C.; Tennille, S.; Myers, A.; Chinthavali, S.; Tansakul, V.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractIn this Data Descriptor, we present county-level electricity outage estimates at 15-minute intervals from 2014 to 2022. By 2022 92% of customers in the 50 US States, Washington DC, and Puerto Rico are represented. These data have been produced by the Environment for Analysis of Geo-Located Energy Information (EAGLE-ITM), a geographic information system and data visualization platform created at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to map the population experiencing electricity outages every 15
A unified dataset for pre-processed climate indicators weighted by gridded economic activity
Authors: Gortan, M.; Testa, L.; Fagiolo, G.; Lamperti, F.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractAlthough high-resolution gridded climate variables are provided by multiple sources, the need for country and region-specific climate data weighted by indicators of economic activity is becoming increasingly common in environmental and economic research. We process available information from different climate data sources to provide spatially aggregated data with global coverage for both countries (GADM0 resolution) and regions (GADM1 resolution) and for a variety of climate indicators (
A dataset for multi-faceted analysis of electric vehicle charging transactions
Authors: Baek, K.; Lee, E.; Kim, J.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractThis study discloses a dataset of electric vehicles’ (EVs’) charging transactions at a scale for multi-faceted analysis from both EV charger and user perspectives. The data comprises whole sessions that occurred during a charging operation company’s annual commercial operation period, specifically including identifiers and charger location categories. For data acquisition, machine-to-machine wireless communication system with proper retransmission for interruption is utilised. The entire
Wind turbine condition monitoring dataset of Fraunhofer LBF
Authors: Mostafavi, A.; Friedmann, A.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractFraunhofer wind turbine dataset contains monitoring data from a 750 W wind turbine, including accelerometers and tachometer, to capture structural response, bearing vibrations and rotational velocity. Additionally, temperatures, wind speed and wind direction have been measured, while weather conditions have been acquired from selected sources. Various damage scenarios, including mass imbalance, and aerodynamic imbalance as well as damages on bearings’ outer race, inner race and roller el
A dataset of global tropical cyclone wind and surface wave measurements from buoy and satellite platforms
Authors: Tamizi, A.; Young, I.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractThere are now a range of potential data sources for wind and surface wave conditions within tropical cyclones. These sources include: in situ buoy data and remote sensing data from satellite altimeters, scatterometers, and radiometers. In addition, data providing estimates of tropical cyclone tracks and wind field parameters are available from best track archives. The present dataset brings together this information in a single archive, providing the available data for each tropical cycl
SDWPF: A Dataset for Spatial Dynamic Wind Power Forecasting over a Large Turbine Array
Authors: Zhou, J.; Lu, X.; Xiao, Y.; Tang, J.; Su, J.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractWind power is a clean and renewable energy, yet it poses integration challenges to the grid due to its variable nature. Thus, Wind Power Forecasting (WPF) is crucial for its successful integration. However, existing WPF datasets often cover only a limited number of turbines and lack detailed information. To bridge this gap and advance WPF research, we introduce the Spatial Dynamic Wind Power Forecasting dataset (SDWPF). The SDWPF dataset not only provides information on power generation
A global multi catchment and multi dataset synthesis for water fluxes and storage changes on land
Authors: Zarei, M.; Destouni, G.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractWater on land is essential for all societal, ecosystem, and planetary health aspects and conditions, and all life as we know it. Many disciplines consider and model similar terrestrial water phenomena and processes, but comparisons and consistent validations are lacking for the datasets used by various science communities for different world parts, scales, and applications. Here, we present a new global data synthesis that includes and harmonises four comparative datasets for main terres
Remotely sensed above-ground storage tank dataset for object detection and infrastructure assessment
Authors: Robinson, C.; Bradbury, K.; Borsuk, M.
Journal: Scientific Data (2024)

AbstractRemotely sensed imagery has increased dramatically in quantity and public availability. However, automated, large-scale analysis of such imagery is hindered by a lack of the annotations necessary to train and test machine learning algorithms. In this study, we address this shortcoming with respect to above-ground storage tanks (ASTs) that are used in a wide variety of industries. We annotated available high-resolution, remotely sensed imagery to develop an original, publicly available mu
Understanding the large role of long-distance travel in carbon emissions from passenger travel
Authors: Wadud, Z.; Adeel, M.; Anable, J.
Journal: Nature Energy (2024)

AbstractLong-distance passenger travel has received rather sparse attention for decarbonization. Here we characterize the long-distance travel pattern in England and explore its importance on carbon emissions from and decarbonization of passenger travel. We find that only 2.7% of a person’s trips are for long distance travel (&gt;50 miles one-way), but they account for 61.3% of the miles and 69.3% of the greenhouse gas (CO2equivalent) emissions from passenger travel, highlighting its importance
A hybrid modelling approach to compare chemical separation technologies in terms of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions
Authors: Ignacz, G.; Beke, A.; Toth, V.; Szekely, G.
Journal: Nature Energy (2024)

Abstract
          Accurate energy system modelling of chemical separations is a critical component of technology selection to minimize operating costs, energy consumption and emissions. Here we report a hybrid modelling approach based on data-driven and mechanistic models to holistically compare chemical separation performance. Our model can be used to select the most suitable technology for a given chemical separation, such as membrane separation, evaporation, extraction or hybrid configuratio
Impact of global heterogeneity of renewable energy supply on heavy industrial production and green value chains
Authors: Verpoort, P.; Gast, L.; Hofmann, A.; Ueckerdt, F.
Journal: Nature Energy (2024)

Abstract
                  
                    On the path to climate neutrality, global production locations and trade patterns of basic materials might change due to the heterogeneous availability of renewable electricity. Here we estimate the ‘renewables pull’, that is, the energy-cost savings, for varying depths of relocation for three key tradable energy-intensive industrial commodities: steel, urea and ethylene. For an electricity-price difference of €40 MWh
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Estimation of useful-stage energy returns on investment for fossil fuels and implications for renewable energy systems
Authors: Aramendia, E.; Brockway, P.; Taylor, P.; Norman, J.; Heun, M.
Journal: Nature Energy (2024)

AbstractThe net energy implications of the energy transition have so far been analysed at best at the final energy stage. Here we argue that expanding the analysis to the useful stage is crucial. We estimate fossil fuelsʼ useful-stage energy returns on investment (EROIs) over the period 1971–2020, globally and nationally, and disaggregate EROIs by end use. We find that fossil fuelsʼ useful-stage EROIs (~3.5:1) are considerably lower than at the final stage (~8.5:1), due to low final-to-useful ef
A geographically disaggregated approach to integrate low-carbon technologies across local electricity networks
Authors: Few, S.; Djapic, P.; Strbac, G.; Nelson, J.; Candelise, C.
Journal: Nature Energy (2024)

Abstract
                  Meeting climate targets requires widespread deployment of low-carbon technologies such as distributed photovoltaics, heat pumps and electric vehicles. Without mitigating actions, changing power flows associated with these technologies would adversely impact some local networks. The extent of these impacts, and the optimal means of avoiding them, remains unclear. Here we use local-level data and network simulation to estimate variation in future network upgrade costs in
Increasing the resilience of the Texas power grid against extreme storms by hardening critical lines
Authors: Stürmer, J.; Plietzsch, A.; Vogt, T.; Hellmann, F.; Kurths, J.
Journal: Nature Energy (2024)

AbstractThe Texas power grid on the Gulf Coast of the United States is frequently hit by tropical cyclones (TCs) causing widespread power outages, a risk that is expected to substantially increase under global warming. Here we introduce a new approach that combines a probabilistic line failure model with a network model of the Texas grid to simulate the spatio-temporal co-evolution of wind-induced failures of high-voltage transmission lines and the resulting cascading power outages from seven ma
Hydrogen storage and geo-methanation in a depleted underground hydrocarbon reservoir
Authors: Hellerschmied, C.; Schritter, J.; Waldmann, N.; Zaduryan, A.; Rachbauer, L.
Journal: Nature Energy (2024)

AbstractCoupling of power-to-gas processes with underground gas storage could effectively allow surplus electricity to be stored for later use. Depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs could be used as stores, but practical experience of hydrogen storage in such sites is limited. Here we present data from a field trial that stored 119,353 m3 of hydrogen admixed to natural gas in a depleted hydrocarbon reservoir. After 285 days, hydrogen recovery was 84.3%, indicating the process’s technical feasibility.
EU carbon prices signal high policy credibility and farsighted actors
Authors: Sitarz, J.; Pahle, M.; Osorio, S.; Luderer, G.; Pietzcker, R.
Journal: Nature Energy (2024)

Abstract
                  
                    Carbon prices in the EU emissions trading system are a key instrument driving Europe’s decarbonization. Between 2017 and 2021, they surged tenfold, exceeding €80 tCO
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                    and reshaping investment decisions across the electricity and industry sectors. What has driven this increase is an open question. While it coincided with two significant reforms tightening the cap (‘MSR reform’ and ‘Fit
Large-scale spatially explicit analysis of carbon capture at cellulosic biorefineries
Authors: O’Neill, E.; Geissler, C.; Maravelias, C.
Journal: Nature Energy (2024)

AbstractThe large-scale production of cellulosic biofuels would involve spatially distributed systems including biomass fields, logistics networks and biorefineries. Better understanding of the interactions between landscape-related decisions and the design of biorefineries with carbon capture and storage (CCS) in a supply chain context is needed to enable efficient systems. Here we analyse the cost and greenhouse gas mitigation potential for cellulosic biofuel supply chains in the US Midwest us
Democratic discrepancies in urban sustainable development
Authors: Kaufmann, D.; Wicki, M.; Wittwer, S.; Stephan, J.
Journal: Nature Sustainability (2024)

AbstractCities are critical for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Their urban sustainable development (USD) plans and policies cover a wide range of issues, such as biodiversity protection, transportation or poverty reduction. Yet, such policy-making may lack democratic legitimacy if these policies are out of step with the demands and concerns of residents. Considering this, the present study compares residents’ preferences about USD policy issues with the priorities se
Oversimplification and misestimation of nitrous oxide emissions from wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Song, C.; Zhu, J.; Willis, J.; Moore, D.; Zondlo, M.
Journal: Nature Sustainability (2024)

AbstractWastewater treatment is a major source of anthropogenic nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. However, the current emission estimations rely on a uniform emission factor (EF) proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change based on a limited database suffering from large uncertainties and inaccuracies. To address this limitation, this study expands the database 12-fold and develops a tier-based approach. Our method considers emission variations across spatial scales, treatment process
Accurate nowcasting of cloud cover at solar photovoltaic plants using geostationary satellite images
Authors: Xia, P.; Zhang, L.; Min, M.; Li, J.; Wang, Y.
Journal: Nature Communications (2024)

Abstract
                  Accurate nowcasting for cloud fraction is still intractable challenge for stable solar photovoltaic electricity generation. By combining continuous radiance images measured by geostationary satellite and an advanced recurrent neural network, we develop a nowcasting algorithm for predicting cloud fraction at the leading time of 0–4 h at photovoltaic plants. Based on this algorithm, a cyclically updated prediction system is also established and tested at five photovoltai
Transparent integrated pyroelectric-photovoltaic structure for photo-thermo hybrid power generation
Authors: Patel, M.; Park, H.; Bhatnagar, P.; Kumar, N.; Lee, J.
Journal: Nature Communications (2024)

AbstractThermal losses in photoelectric devices limit their energy conversion efficiency, and cyclic input of energy coupled with pyroelectricity can overcome this limit. Here, incorporating a pyroelectric absorber into a photovoltaic heterostructure device enables efficient electricity generation by leveraging spontaneous polarization based on pulsed light-induced thermal changes. The proposed pyroelectric-photovoltaic device outperforms traditional photovoltaic devices by 2.5 times due to the
Giant intrinsic photovoltaic effect in one-dimensional van der Waals grain boundaries
Authors: Zhou, Y.; Zhou, X.; Yu, X.; Liang, Z.; Zhao, X.
Journal: Nature Communications (2024)

AbstractThe photovoltaic effect lies at the heart of eco-friendly energy harvesting. However, the conversion efficiency of traditional photovoltaic effect utilizing the built-in electric effect in p-n junctions is restricted by the Shockley-Queisser limit. Alternatively, intrinsic/bulk photovoltaic effect (IPVE/BPVE), a second-order nonlinear optoelectronic effect arising from the broken inversion symmetry of crystalline structure, can overcome this theoretical limit. Here, we uncover giant and
The potential of urban irrigation for counteracting carbon-climate feedback
Authors: Li, P.; Wang, Z.; Wang, C.
Journal: Nature Communications (2024)

AbstractGlobal climate changes, especially the rise of global mean temperature due to the increased carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, can, in turn, result in higher anthropogenic and biogenic greenhouse gas emissions. This potentially leads to a positive loop of climate–carbon feedback in the Earth’s climate system, which calls for sustainable environmental strategies that can mitigate both heat and carbon emissions, such as urban greening. In this study, we investigate the impact of urban irr