UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
IBM

On October 28, 2015, IBM announced its acquisition of digital assets from The Weather Company—a holding company of Bain Capital, The Blackstone Group and NBCUniversal which owns The Weather Channel, including its weather data platforms (such as Weather Services International), websites (Weather.com and Weather Underground) and mobile apps. The acquisition seeks to use Watson for weather analytics and predictions. The acquisition does not include The Weather Channel itself, which will enter into a long-term licensing agreement with IBM for use of its data. The sale closed on January 29, 2016

Question: What happened in the 16th year of the 21st century?
Answer: The sale closed

Question: Who now owns the weather channel?
Answer: IBM

Question: How are the weather channel and weather coapny connection?
Answer: a holding company of Bain Capital, The Blackstone Group and NBCUniversal which owns The Weather Channel

Question: From where will the Weather Channel purchase its information?
Answer: IBM

Question: What digital assets, specifically, did IBM want from the Weather Company?
Answer: Watson for weather analytics and predictions

Question: This acquisition  was put into place for the company to acquire which AI platform?
Answer: Watson

Question: What happened in the 6th year of the 2010s?
Answer: IBM announced its acquisition of digital assets from The Weather Company

Question: Who, between IBM and the The Weather Company, owns the Weather Channel?
Answer: The Weather Company

Question: What happened on the 16th year of the 2000s?
Answer: IBM announced its acquisition of digital assets from The Weather Company

Question: What held IBM back from acquiring the weather channel?
Answer: Blackstone Group and NBCUniversal which owns The Weather Channel

Question: Who will be buying Watson's output from IBM?
Answer: The Weather Channel itself

Question: Why is Watson able to give accurate weather?
Answer: IBM announced its acquisition of digital assets from The Weather Company

Question: What business transaction officially happened in early 2016?
Answer: IBM announced its acquisition of digital assets from The Weather Company

Question: Who owns whom, between NBCUniversal and the Weather Channel?
Answer: NBCUniversal which owns The Weather Channel

Question: Weather.com is similar to what?
Answer: Weather Underground
IBM

IBM has 12 research laboratories worldwide, bundled into IBM Research. As of 2013[update] the company held the record for most patents generated by a business for 22 consecutive years. Its employees have garnered five Nobel Prizes, six Turing Awards, ten National Medals of Technology and five National Medals of Science. Notable company inventions or developments include the automated teller machine (ATM), the floppy disk, the hard disk drive, the magnetic stripe card, the relational database, the Universal Product Code (UPC), the financial swap, the Fortran programming language, SABRE airline reservation system, dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), copper wiring in semiconductors, the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) semiconductor manufacturing process, and Watson artificial intelligence.

Question: Which organization invented Watson artificial intelligence?
Answer: IBM

Question: Have there been more National Medals of Technology or National Medals of Science won by IBM employees?
Answer: Technology

Question: Which organization invented the semiconductor manufacturing process?
Answer: IBM

Question: What does the R in "DRAM" stand for?
Answer: random

Question: What does the I stand for in SOI?
Answer: insulator

Question: Which IBM creation would you use if you wanted to use another mode of transportation other than driving to get to a vacation destination?
Answer: SABRE airline reservation system

Question: What is the full name of the IBM invention is used for self service at a bank?
Answer: automated teller machine

Question: What award do the employees of IBM hold the least amount of, Nobel Prizes or National Medals of Technology?
Answer: Nobel Prizes

Question: What does the A in "DRAM" stand for?
Answer: access
IBM

In 2012, Fortune ranked IBM the second largest U.S. firm in terms of number of employees (435,000 worldwide), the fourth largest in terms of market capitalization, the ninth most profitable, and the nineteenth largest firm in terms of revenue. Globally, the company was ranked the 31st largest in terms of revenue by Forbes for 2011. Other rankings for 2011/2012 include №1 company for leaders (Fortune), №1 green company in the United States (Newsweek), №2 best global brand (Interbrand), №2 most respected company (Barron's), №5 most admired company (Fortune), and №18 most innovative company (Fast Company).

Question: Who ranked IBM on greenness?
Answer: Newsweek

Question: Who gave IBM its environmental ranking?
Answer: (Newsweek)

Question: How did IBM rank environmentally?
Answer: №1 green company in the United States

Question: What company was ranked 1st in the green company category?
Answer: IBM

Question: Who ranked IBM on respect?
Answer: Barron's

Question: Who did Newsweek say is the greenest US company?
Answer: IBM

Question: What is the lowest ranking that the publication has received from a publication that isn't Forbes?
Answer: №18 most innovative company (Fast Company)

Question: What company was ranked 18th for being most innovative?
Answer: IBM

Question: Where is IBM located?
Answer: the United States

Question: What company was ranked 2nd for most respected in 2011/2012?
Answer: IBM

Question: Who ranked IBM on global brand standing?
Answer: Interbrand

Question: Who ranked IBM on innovation?
Answer: Fast Company

Question: Which category has IBM been ranked on twice in the excerpt?
Answer: revenue

Question: What was the 5th ranked company in the admiration category?
Answer: IBM

Question: In 2011/2012, what company was ranked 1st for leaders?
Answer: IBM
IBM

Virtually all console gaming systems of the previous generation used microprocessors developed by IBM. The Xbox 360 contains a PowerPC tri-core processor, which was designed and produced by IBM in less than 24 months. Sony's PlayStation 3 features the Cell BE microprocessor designed jointly by IBM, Toshiba, and Sony. IBM also provided the microprocessor that serves as the heart of Nintendo's new Wii U system, which debuted in 2012. The new Power Architecture-based microprocessor includes IBM's latest technology in an energy-saving silicon package. Nintendo's seventh-generation console, Wii, features an IBM chip codenamed Broadway. The older Nintendo GameCube utilizes the Gekko processor, also designed by IBM.

Question: IBM parts are in what Nintendo product?
Answer: Wii U

Question: What system is comparable to the xbox 360?
Answer: Nintendo's new Wii U system

Question: What company did IBM work with on three different consoles?
Answer: Nintendo

Question: What microprocessor was built for Nintendo in 2000?
Answer: Gekko

Question: What had Broadway inside it?
Answer: Wii

Question: Who designed the the microprocessor for Sony?
Answer: IBM, Toshiba, and Sony

Question: What did the Wii U have?
Answer: The new Power Architecture-based microprocessor

Question: What made the xbox 360 such an innovation?
Answer: PowerPC tri-core processor

Question: Nintendo's eighth-generation console was released in __
Answer: 2012

Question: What did consoles by Sony, Microsoft and Nintendo have inside them?
Answer: microprocessors developed by IBM

Question: The Xbox 360 is a?
Answer: console gaming systems

Question: IBM needed a little help from their friends to built
Answer: Cell BE

Question: What company played a role in building the microprocessor for it's own machine?
Answer: Sony

Question: Which system did IBM not make the parts for alone?
Answer: Sony's PlayStation 3

Question: What company made the rest of the system that IBM did not make the processor for alone?
Answer: Sony

Question: The Playstation contains parts from?
Answer: IBM, Toshiba, and Sony
IBM

IBM has constantly evolved since its inception. Over the past decade, it has steadily shifted its business mix by exiting commoditizing markets such as PCs, hard disk drives and DRAMs and focusing on higher-value, more profitable markets such as business intelligence, data analytics, business continuity, security, cloud computing, virtualization and green solutions, resulting in a higher quality revenue stream and higher profit margins. IBM's operating margin expanded from 16.8% in 2004 to 24.3% in 2013, and net profit margins expanded from 9.0% in 2004 to 16.5% in 2013.

Question: Which market did IBM enter first, PCs or cloud computing?
Answer: PCs

Question: What is the second to last profitable market listed in the text.
Answer: virtualization

Question: Which was higher in 2013, IBM's operating margin or IBM's net profit margins?
Answer: IBM's operating margin

Question: What kind of IBM business sector listed is good for the environment
Answer: green solutions

Question: Which of the following is not currently one of IBM's markets: business intelligence, security, or PCs?
Answer: PCs

Question: Was IBM's net profit margins higher in 2004 or 2013?
Answer: 2013

Question: Which market did IBM enter later, DRAMs or virtualization?
Answer: virtualization

Question: What is the first low value sales item IBM abandoned
Answer: PCs

Question: Was IBM's operating margin higher in 2004 or 2013?
Answer: 2013
IBM

IBM's employee management practices can be traced back to its roots. In 1914, CEO Thomas J. Watson boosted company spirit by creating employee sports teams, hosting family outings, and furnishing a company band. IBM sports teams still continue in the present day; the IBM Big Blue continue to exist as semi-professional company rugby and American football teams. In 1924 the Quarter Century Club, which recognizes employees with 25 years of service, was organized and the first issue of Business Machines, IBM's internal publication, was published. In 1925, the first meeting of the Hundred Percent Club, composed of IBM salesmen who meet their quotas, convened in Atlantic City, New Jersey.

Question: WHere does IBM compete in a sport?
Answer: semi-professional company rugby and American football teams

Question: What happened in the 14th year of the 20th century?
Answer: CEO Thomas J. Watson boosted company spirit by creating employee sports teams, hosting family outings, and furnishing a company band

Question: How did IBM increase company morale in a way that still exists today?
Answer: sports teams

Question: What happened in the 25th year of the 20th century?
Answer: the first meeting of the Hundred Percent Club, composed of IBM salesmen who meet their quotas, convened in Atlantic City, New Jersey

Question: What is Thomas J. Watson boosting company spirit by creating employee sports teams an example of?
Answer: employee management practices

Question: What happened during the 24th year of the 20th century?
Answer: the Quarter Century Club, which recognizes employees with 25 years of service, was organized and the first issue of Business Machines, IBM's internal publication, was published

Question: What sport from the US does the IBM sports team play?
Answer: football

Question: What were some rewards for IBM employees?
Answer: Hundred Percent Club

Question: here did salesman who did well get rewarded?
Answer: Atlantic City, New Jersey
IBM

On September 21, 1953, Thomas Watson, Jr., the company's president at the time, sent out a controversial letter to all IBM employees stating that IBM needed to hire the best people, regardless of their race, ethnic origin, or gender. He also publicized the policy so that in his negotiations to build new manufacturing plants with the governors of two states in the U.S. South, he could be clear that IBM would not build "separate-but-equal" workplaces. In 1984, IBM added sexual orientation to its nondiscrimination policy. The company stated that this would give IBM a competitive advantage because IBM would then be able to hire talented people its competitors would turn down.

Question: What would not be considered when IBM was looking for employees?
Answer: race, ethnic origin, or gender

Question: What was the aim of this initiative?
Answer: to hire talented people its competitors would turn down

Question: What other attributes were included with his idea of equality later on?
Answer: IBM added sexual orientation to its nondiscrimination policy

Question: How were negotiations influenced when dealing with the governors?
Answer: He also publicized the policy

Question: Watson's attitudes were not totally welcomed, being?
Answer: controversial

Question: What did the memo say that Mr. Watson sent out in 1953?
Answer: IBM needed to hire the best people, regardless of their race, ethnic origin, or gender

Question: Watson tried to not discriminate on?
Answer: race, ethnic origin, or gender

Question: What is a form of discrimination in a region?
Answer: separate-but-equal

Question: How did Mr. Watson' colleagues feel about equality at IBM?
Answer: that this would give IBM a competitive advantage because IBM would then be able to hire talented people its competitors would turn down
Antarctica

New claims on Antarctica have been suspended since 1959 although Norway in 2015 formally defined Queen Maud Land as including the unclaimed area between it and the South Pole. Antarctica's status is regulated by the 1959 Antarctic Treaty and other related agreements, collectively called the Antarctic Treaty System. Antarctica is defined as all land and ice shelves south of 60° S for the purposes of the Treaty System. The treaty was signed by twelve countries including the Soviet Union (and later Russia), the United Kingdom, Argentina, Chile, Australia, and the United States. It set aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve, established freedom of scientific investigation and environmental protection, and banned military activity on Antarctica. This was the first arms control agreement established during the Cold War.

Question: What was the last country to claim any part of Antarctica?
Answer: Norway

Question: What do they consider it a part of?
Answer: Queen Maud Land

Question: What was unusual about this particular agreement aside from Antarctica?
Answer: This was the first arms control agreement established during the Cold War

Question: What continent signed the treaty?
Answer: Australia

Question: What has changed in recent years?
Answer: Norway in 2015 formally defined Queen Maud Land as including the unclaimed area between it and the South Pole

Question: Who entered the treaty along with Australia, US, Argentina, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union (later Russia)?
Answer: Chile

Question: What has Antarctica's status been since 1959?
Answer: unclaimed

Question: Who entered the treaty along with Australia, US, Chile, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union (later Russia)?
Answer: Argentina

Question: What governs the land?
Answer: the 1959 Antarctic Treaty and other related agreements

Question: What is significant about the systeM?
Answer: It set aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve, established freedom of scientific investigation and environmental protection, and banned military activity on Antarctica

Question: Who claimed Antarctica although it has a suspension on claims?
Answer: Norway

Question: What does the treaty define Antarctica as?
Answer: a scientific preserve

Question: What does the treaty govern?
Answer: all land and ice shelves south of 60° S for the purposes of the Treaty System

Question: What keeps armed forces out of Antarctica?
Answer: Antarctic Treaty System
Antarctica

There is some evidence, in the form of ice cores drilled to about 400 m (1,300 ft) above the water line, that Lake Vostok's waters may contain microbial life. The frozen surface of the lake shares similarities with Jupiter's moon, Europa. If life is discovered in Lake Vostok, it would strengthen the argument for the possibility of life on Europa. On 7 February 2008, a NASA team embarked on a mission to Lake Untersee, searching for extremophiles in its highly alkaline waters. If found, these resilient creatures could further bolster the argument for extraterrestrial life in extremely cold, methane-rich environments.

Question: Where on Earth might you find scientists studying qualities of other planets?
Answer: Lake Untersee

Question: What's the temperature like in the area of Lake Vostok?
Answer: extremely cold

Question: What types of microorganisms may be found at Lake Untersee that would lead investigators to believe that life may exist in other extreme environments?
Answer: extremophiles

Question: Why is exploration needed?
Answer: There is some evidence, in the form of ice cores drilled to about 400 m (1,300 ft) above the water line, that Lake Vostok's waters may contain microbial life

Question: What were researchers looking for?
Answer: microbial life

Question: What was the second body of water mentioned that is being used to study life on other planets?
Answer: Lake Untersee

Question: What is the unit of measurement, in metric, for the ice core measurements?
Answer: m

Question: What could be gained from the missions?
Answer: If life is discovered in Lake Vostok, it would strengthen the argument for the possibility of life on Europa

Question: What method of sampling from extreme environments may lead to new insight into life in extreme conditions?
Answer: ice cores drilled to about 400 m

Question: What does Europa orbit?
Answer: Jupiter

Question: Which body of water mentioned has qualities in common with the moon of another planet besides Earth?
Answer: Lake Vostok

Question: What is the unit of measurement, in feet, for the ice core measurements?
Answer: ft

Question: Where are other examples of such lakes found?
Answer: Jupiter's moon, Europa

Question: How does the lake reflect life?
Answer: may contain microbial life
Antarctica

The main mineral resource known on the continent is coal. It was first recorded near the Beardmore Glacier by Frank Wild on the Nimrod Expedition, and now low-grade coal is known across many parts of the Transantarctic Mountains. The Prince Charles Mountains contain significant deposits of iron ore. The most valuable resources of Antarctica lie offshore, namely the oil and natural gas fields found in the Ross Sea in 1973. Exploitation of all mineral resources is banned until 2048 by the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty.

Question: The main mineral resource known on the continent can't be mined because of?
Answer: the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty

Question: If you want to find valuable mineral deposits, in what region of the continent should you look?
Answer: offshore

Question: The main mineral resource known on the continent can be found in what kind of high  geological feature?
Answer: Mountains

Question: Which of the following is not a natural resource: oil, glacier or iron?
Answer: Glacier

Question: What is the most abundant resource of Antarctica?
Answer: coal

Question: In what region of the world are you currently not allowed to mine minerals?
Answer: Antarctic

Question: Despite being found by the British over a hundred years ago, __ cannot be mined until at least 2048.
Answer: coal

Question: The main mineral resource known on the continent can be found in what kind of aquatic environment?
Answer: Sea

Question: Which of the following is not a natural landmark: the Beardmore Glacier, the Antarctic Treaty, or the Transantarctic Mountains?
Answer: Antarctic Treaty

Question: Which of the following is not the name of a mountain range: Prince Charles, Ross, or Transantarctic?
Answer: Ross

Question: The last region discovered is __
Answer: Antarctica
Antarctica

About 1150 species of fungi have been recorded from Antarctica, of which about 750 are non-lichen-forming and 400 are lichen-forming. Some of these species are cryptoendoliths as a result of evolution under extreme conditions, and have significantly contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo Dry Valleys and surrounding mountain ridges. The apparently simple morphology, scarcely differentiated structures, metabolic systems and enzymes still active at very low temperatures, and reduced life cycles shown by such fungi make them particularly suited to harsh environments such as the McMurdo Dry Valleys. In particular, their thick-walled and strongly melanized cells make them resistant to UV light. Those features can also be observed in algae and cyanobacteria, suggesting that these are adaptations to the conditions prevailing in Antarctica. This has led to speculation that, if life ever occurred on Mars, it might have looked similar to Antarctic fungi such as Cryomyces minteri. Some of these fungi are also apparently endemic to Antarctica. Endemic Antarctic fungi also include certain dung-inhabiting species which have had to evolve in response to the double challenge of extreme cold while growing on dung, and the need to survive passage through the gut of warm-blooded animals.

Question: Where did the total number of 1150 come from?
Answer: surrounding

Question: How have the structures changed to survive bitter weather?
Answer: their thick-walled and strongly melanized cells

Question: The things that can be non-lichen-forming or lichen-forming share some characteristics with?
Answer: algae and cyanobacteria

Question: Things which can either form lichen or not form lichen are?
Answer: fungi

Question: What type of fungi might have the ability to live on another planet??
Answer: Cryomyces minteri

Question: What fungi has evolved in reply to a double test of arctic air?
Answer: Endemic Antarctic fungi

Question: What is near the arid valleys?
Answer: endemic

Question: Why are the things that can form lichen or not form lichen good for harsh environments?
Answer: simple morphology, scarcely differentiated structures, metabolic systems and enzymes still active at very low temperatures, and reduced life cycles

Question: What can survive in really bad climatic conditions?
Answer: fungi

Question: Some of these structures like to live only where?
Answer: Antarctica
Antarctica

Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World Ocean. It covers more than 14,000,000 km2 (5,400,000 sq mi), making it the fifth-largest continent, about 1.3 times as large as Europe. The coastline measures 17,968 km (11,165 mi) and is mostly characterized by ice formations, as the following table shows:

Question: What is Antarctica below?
Answer: the Antarctic Circle

Question: __ separates Asia and Australia from the Americas.
Answer: Pacific

Question: What surrounds the South Pole?
Answer: Antarctica

Question: What does Antarctica look like?
Answer: asymmetrically

Question: What is not even?
Answer: Antarctica

Question: How big is Antarctica?
Answer: about 1.3 times as large as Europe

Question: __  is currently shrinking by roughly 2.5 cm per year on 3 sides.
Answer: Pacific

Question: What does Antarctica surround?
Answer: the South Pole

Question: __ is 165,250,000 square kilometers
Answer: Pacific

Question: What could fit in Antarctica?
Answer: Europe