On_the_Origin_of_Species

There were serious scientific objections to the process of natural selection as the key mechanism of evolution, including Karl von Nägeli's insistence that a trivial characteristic with no adaptive advantage could not be developed by selection. Darwin conceded that these could be linked to adaptive characteristics. His estimate that the age of the Earth allowed gradual evolution was disputed by William Thomson (later awarded the title Lord Kelvin), who calculated that it had cooled in less than 100 million years. Darwin accepted blending inheritance, but Fleeming Jenkin calculated that as it mixed traits, natural selection could not accumulate useful traits. Darwin tried to meet these objections in the 5th edition. Mivart supported directed evolution, and compiled scientific and religious objections to natural selection. In response, Darwin made considerable changes to the sixth edition. The problems of the age of the Earth and heredity were only resolved in the 20th century.

Question: Which of the following people supported natural selection: Darwin, Mivart, or Jenkin?
Answer: Darwin

Question: In which edition of his work did Darwin respond to Mivart?
Answer: the sixth edition

Question: Which edition did Darwin make considerable changes to respond to Lord Kelvin and Fleeming Jenkin?
Answer: 5th edition

Question: In which edition did Darwin address Mivart's objections?
Answer: sixth edition

Question: What competing theory did Mivart hold up?
Answer: directed evolution

Question: What else caused consternation in the community?
Answer: His estimate that the age of the Earth allowed gradual evolution was disputed by William Thomson

Question: What unknown other than heredity remained unresolved until the 1900s?
Answer: the age of the Earth

Question: When were William Thomson and Fleeming Jenkin's opposing views successfully addressed?
Answer: the 20th century

Question: What is causing consternation in the community?
Answer: the process of natural selection as the key mechanism of evolution

Question: What did the creator of the idea do to sooth the community?
Answer: Darwin tried to meet these objections in the 5th edition

Question: Which edition did Darwin make considerable changes to respond to the claims that the Earth had cooled in less than 100 million years?
Answer: 5th edition

Question: Whose objections did Darwin address later, Fleeming Jenkin or Mivart?
Answer: Mivart

Question: Why was this not accepted by the community?
Answer: William Thomson (later awarded the title Lord Kelvin), who calculated that it had cooled in less than 100 million years

Question: What was the previous title of the person who calculated that the Earth had cooled in less than 100 million years?
Answer: William Thomson

Question: Who is an example of this consternation?
Answer: Karl von Nägeli

Question: What kind of objection from Mivart did Darwin make considerable changes to the 6th edition for?
Answer: directed evolution

Question: What objection did Darwin accept as possibly valid?
Answer: a trivial characteristic with no adaptive advantage could not be developed by selection

Question: What objection did Fleeming Jenkin raise to Darwin's theory?
Answer: natural selection could not accumulate useful traits