UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
United_States_Air_Force

Building Partnerships is described as airmen interacting with international airmen and other relevant actors to develop, guide, and sustain relationships for mutual benefit and security. Building Partnerships is about interacting with others and is therefore an inherently inter-personal and cross-cultural undertaking. Through both words and deeds, the majority of interaction is devoted to building trust-based relationships for mutual benefit. It includes both foreign partners as well as domestic partners and emphasizes collaboration with foreign governments, militaries and populations as well as US government departments, agencies, industry, and NGOs. To better facilitate partnering efforts, Airmen should be competent in the relevant language, region, and culture.

Question: When dealing with foreign governments, what is important?
Answer: competent in the relevant language, region, and culture

Question: Relationships are important, but what else does Building Partnerships seek to do?
Answer: collaboration with foreign governments, militaries and populations as well as US government departments, agencies, industry, and NGOs

Question: airmen in comformity with international airmen is?
Answer: to develop, guide, and sustain relationships for mutual benefit and security

Question: Who benefits from trusted relationships?
Answer: foreign partners as well as domestic partners

Question: What does Building Partnerships concern?
Answer: inherently inter-personal and cross-cultural undertaking

Question: What should you be aware of when building a partnership through an inter-personal undertaking?
Answer: relevant language, region, and culture

Question: What is the effect of people collaborating together?
Answer: building trust-based relationships

Question: building partnerships is?
Answer: to develop, guide, and sustain relationships for mutual benefit and security

Question: Most of the interactions are through building trust-based relationships with foreign and domestic partners, how  so?
Answer: collaboration

Question: A pertinent area of specialization for airmen is?
Answer: relevant language, region, and culture

Question: What kind of interaction is devoted to building trust?
Answer: words and deeds

Question: What is one step to collaboration?
Answer: building trust-based relationships

Question: building partnership is also?
Answer: about interacting with others

Question: What types of interactions does Building Partnerships seek out?
Answer: international airmen and other relevant actors
United_States_Air_Force

Space Control is defined as "operations to ensure freedom of action in space for the US and its allies and, when directed, deny an adversary freedom of action in space. This mission area includes: operations conducted to protect friendly space capabilities from attack, interference, or unintentional hazards (defensive space control); operations to deny an adversary's use of space capabilities (offensive space control); and the requisite current and predictive knowledge of the space environment and the operational environment upon which space operations depend (space situational awareness)" (JP 1-02).

Question: How is this used in the envornment?
Answer: when directed, deny an adversary freedom of action in space

Question: What is the main point of the passage?
Answer: operations to ensure freedom of action in space for the US and its allies and, when directed, deny an adversary freedom of action in space

Question: What is the ultimate benefit to those covered in Space Control?
Answer: freedom of action in space

Question: who would deny adversary freedom?
Answer: US and its allies

Question: What object or concept is central to the whole passage?
Answer: Space Control

Question: What is the theory?
Answer: Space Control

Question: What is necessary to understand the passage?
Answer: This mission area includes: operations conducted to protect friendly space capabilities from attack, interference, or unintentional hazards

Question: What is the second tenent?
Answer: offensive space control

Question: What is the first tenent?
Answer: defensive space control

Question: Where does the theory originate?
Answer: the US

Question: What is needed to react to adversary freedom?
Answer: when directed

Question: What does space control instruct to do when freedom is compromised?
Answer: deny
United_States_Air_Force

Special Operations are "operations conducted in hostile, denied, or politically sensitive environments to achieve military, diplomatic, informational, and/or economic objectives employing military capabilities for which there is no broad conventional force requirement. These operations may require covert, clandestine, or low-visibility capabilities. Special operations are applicable across the ROMO. They can be conducted independently or in conjunction with operations of conventional forces or other government agencies and may include operations through, with, or by indigenous or surrogate forces. Special operations differ from conventional operations in degree of physical and political risk, operational techniques, mode of employment, independence from friendly support, and dependence on detailed operational intelligence and indigenous assets" (JP 1-02).

Question: How do special operations work?
Answer: conducted independently or in conjunction with operations of conventional forces

Question: What is a key component to special operations compared with conventional operations?
Answer: These operations may require covert, clandestine, or low-visibility capabilities

Question: What is a qualification of Special Operations?
Answer: no broad conventional force requirement

Question: How do special operations differ from conventional force?
Answer: operations conducted in hostile, denied, or politically sensitive environments to achieve military, diplomatic, informational, and/or economic objectives

Question: What makes Special Operations differ from other operations?
Answer: may require covert, clandestine, or low-visibility capabilities

Question: Who is in charge of special operations?
Answer: government

Question: What is important to note with special forces?
Answer: Special operations differ from conventional operations in degree of physical and political risk, operational techniques, mode of employment, independence from friendly support, and dependence on detailed operational intelligence and indigenous assets" (JP 1-02)

Question: How does a special operator differ from a conventional one?
Answer: They can be conducted independently or in conjunction with operations of conventional forces or other government agencies and may include operations through, with, or by indigenous or surrogate forces
United_States_Air_Force

Assure/Dissuade/Deter is a mission set derived from the Air Force's readiness to carry out the nuclear strike operations mission as well as from specific actions taken to assure allies as a part of extended deterrence. Dissuading others from acquiring or proliferating WMD, and the means to deliver them, contributes to promoting security and is also an integral part of this mission. Moreover, different deterrence strategies are required to deter various adversaries, whether they are a nation state, or non-state/transnational actor. The Air Force maintains and presents credible deterrent capabilities through successful visible demonstrations and exercises which assure allies, dissuade proliferation, deter potential adversaries from actions that threaten US national security or the populations and deployed military forces of the US, its allies and friends.

Question: What is the second part of the mission set?
Answer: Dissuade

Question: What is the last part of the mission set?
Answer: Deter

Question: Besides the U.S. itself, the Air Force also has a responsibility towards?
Answer: allies and friends

Question: Nuclear weapons are types of?
Answer: WMD

Question: What is the first part of the mission set?
Answer: Assure

Question: Why does the air force perform demonstrations?
Answer: assure allies, dissuade proliferation, deter potential adversaries from actions that threaten US national security or the populations and deployed military forces of the US, its allies and friends

Question: What does Assure/Dissuade/Deter prepare the air force for?
Answer: carry out the nuclear strike operations mission as well as from specific actions taken to assure allies as a part of extended deterrence

Question: What factor can determine the air force's deterrance method?
Answer: nation state, or non-state/transnational actor

Question: What part of the mission set is designed to make our friends feel more at ease in a world with destructive weapons?
Answer: Assure

Question: The second part of the mission set is focused on what?
Answer: proliferation

Question: The Air Force hopes to do what?
Answer: Assure/Dissuade/Deter
Guam

After his arrival in 1674, Captain Damian de Esplana ordered the arrest of rebels who attacked the population of certain towns. Hostilities eventually led to the destruction of villages such as Chochogo, Pepura, Tumon, Sidia-Aty, Sagua, Nagan and Ninca.:74–75 Starting in June 1676, the first Spanish Governor of Guam, Capt. Francisco de Irrisarri y Vinar controlled internal affairs more strictly than his predecessors in order to curb tensions. He also ordered the construction of schools, roads and other infrastructure.:75–76 Later, Capt. Jose de Quiroga arrived in 1680 and continued some of the development projects started by his predecessors. He also continued the search for the rebels who had assassinated Father San Vitores, resulting in campaigns against the rebels which were hiding out in some islands, eventually leading to the death of Matapang, Hurao and Aguarin.:77–78 Quiroga brought some natives from the northern islands to Guam, ordering the population to live in a few large villages.:78–79 These included Jinapsan, Umatac, Pago, Agat and Inarajan, where he built a number of churches.:79 By July 1695, Quiroga had completed the pacification process in Guam, Rota, Tinian and Aguigan.:85

Question: Who arrived six years after Captain Damian de Esplana?
Answer: Capt. Jose de Quiroga

Question: Who were the rebels leaders that were killed?
Answer: Matapang, Hurao and Aguarin

Question: Who arrived in 1674?
Answer: Captain Damian de Esplana

Question: What was selectively targeted?
Answer: towns

Question: What was finished?
Answer: development projects

Question: What had the prisioners been accused of doing?
Answer: attacked the population of certain towns

Question: Who was the governor of Guam?
Answer: Capt. Francisco de Irrisarri y Vinar

Question: What was restricted?
Answer: tensions

Question: Who was most likely responsible for taking a life?
Answer: rebels

Question: What did Francisco de Irrisarri y Vinar do as Governor to help Guam?
Answer: ordered the construction of schools, roads and other infrastructure

Question: What happened later, the arrest of rebels who attacked the population of certain towns or Jose de Quiroga arrived?
Answer: Jose de Quiroga arrived
Guam

The first European to discover Guam was Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan, sailing for the King of Spain, when he sighted the island on March 6, 1521 during his fleet's circumnavigation of the globe.:41–42 When Magellan arrived on Guam, he was greeted by hundreds of small outrigger canoes that appeared to be flying over the water, due to their considerable speed. These outrigger canoes were called Proas, and resulted in Magellan naming Guam Islas de las Velas Latinas ("Islands of the Lateen sails"). Antonio Pigafetta, one of Magellan's original 18 the name "Island of Sails", but he also writes that the inhabitants "entered the ships and stole whatever they could lay their hands on", including "the small boat that was fastened to the poop of the flagship.":129 "Those people are poor, but ingenious and very thievish, on account of which we called those three islands Islas de los Ladrones ("Islands of thieves").":131

Question: What did the natives steal from the expedition?
Answer: small boat

Question: Which country was Magellan from?
Answer: Portuguese

Question: Who commanded the person who said that inhabitants stole from them?
Answer: Magellan

Question: What happened in 1521?
Answer: discover Guam

Question: Where did the person who named Guam Islas de las Velas Latinas originate from?
Answer: Spain

Question: Whow orked for Magellan?
Answer: Antonio Pigafetta

Question: Where is Magellan from?
Answer: Portuguese

Question: What physical feature did outrigger canoes have?
Answer: Lateen sails

Question: What are the three islands called?
Answer: "Islands of thieves"

Question: What is Islas de las Velas Latinas known as today?
Answer: Guam

Question: What name did Magellan give Guam?
Answer: Islands of the Lateen sails

Question: How did the Proas travel?
Answer: flying over the water, due to their considerable speed

Question: Who sent Magellan to circle the globe?
Answer: King of Spain

Question: What was the first name of Guam?
Answer: Islands of the Lateen sails"

Question: What was another name for the islands?
Answer: Islands of thieves
Guam

The island of Guam is 30 miles (50 km) long and 4 to 12 miles (6 to 19 km) wide, 3⁄4 the size of Singapore. The island experiences occasional earthquakes due to its location on the western edge of the Pacific Plate and near the Philippine Sea Plate. In recent years, earthquakes with epicenters near Guam have had magnitudes ranging from 5.0 to 8.7. Unlike the Anatahan volcano in the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam is not volcanically active. However, due to its proximity to Anatahan, vog (i.e. volcanic smog) does occasionally affect Guam.

Question: In kilometers, how wide is the island of Guam?
Answer: 6 to 19 km

Question: What volcanic phenomena does Guam experience?
Answer: vog

Question: What causes the earthquakes on Guam?
Answer: its location

Question: What affects Guam?
Answer: vog

Question: Which is larger, Guam or Singapore?
Answer: Singapore

Question: In general, what is the paragraph about?
Answer: The island of Guam

Question: How large is the island of Guam?
Answer: 3⁄4 the size of Singapore

Question: How big is Guam?
Answer: 3⁄4 the size of Singapore

Question: What is the shortest range of Guam's width?
Answer: 4

Question: What are neighboring islands to Guam?
Answer: Northern Mariana Islands

Question: Where is Guam found?
Answer: on the western edge of the Pacific Plate
Guam

In 1899, the local postage stamps were overprinted "Guam" as was done for the other former Spanish colonies, but this was discontinued shortly thereafter and regular U.S. postage stamps have been used ever since. Because Guam is also part of the U.S. Postal System (postal abbreviation: GU, ZIP code range: 96910–96932), mail to Guam from the U.S. mainland is considered domestic and no additional charges are required. Private shipping companies, such as FedEx, UPS, and DHL, however, have no obligation to do so, and do not regard Guam as domestic.

Question: Why would it be best to use the USPS for packages here as opposed to another service?
Answer: no obligation to do so, and do not regard Guam as domestic

Question: Guam is treated differently by what compared to FedEx, UPS, and DHL?
Answer: U.S. Postal System

Question: Why would a person in Minnesota have the same kind of postage markings on a letter as a person in Guam?
Answer: local postage stamps were overprinted "Guam" as was done for the other former Spanish colonies, but this was discontinued shortly thereafter

Question: The __ logo designed in 1994 by Lindon Leader of Landor Associates
Answer: FedEx

Question: What designation gives a more precise location of the area in Guam you are shipping to?
Answer: 96910–96932

Question: Guam is not part of what culture?
Answer: Spanish

Question: __  sponsors the Heineken Cup in Rugby.
Answer: FedEx

Question: Raj Subramaniam is the CEO of __.
Answer: FedEx
Guam

Intermittent warfare lasting from July 23, 1670 until July 1695, plus the typhoons of 1671 and 1693, and in particular the smallpox epidemic of 1688, reduced the Chamorro population from 50,000 to 10,000 to less than 5,000.:86 Precipitated by the death of Quipuha, and the murder of Father San Vitores and Pedro Calungsod by local rebel chief Matapang, tensions led to a number of conflicts. Captain Juan de Santiago started a campaign to pacify the island, which was continued by the successive commanders of the Spanish forces.:68–74

Question: Which event took place in the year following 1687, typhoons or the smallpox epidemic?
Answer: the smallpox epidemic

Question: What was the population of the Chamorro people in 1688?
Answer: 5,000

Question: Which happened later, the start of intermittent warfare or the smallpox epidemic?
Answer: the smallpox epidemic

Question: Who ruled the Chamorro people?
Answer: Spanish

Question: Which happened earlier, the typhoons of 1693 or the smallpox epidemic?
Answer: the smallpox epidemic

Question: Which happened later, the typhoons of 1671 or the smallpox epidemic?
Answer: the smallpox epidemic

Question: Where do Chamorro people live?
Answer: island

Question: What is the nationality of Captain Juan de Santiago?
Answer: Spanish

Question: What needed to be soothed?
Answer: the island

Question: What was not consistent?
Answer: warfare

Question: What is the nationality of Father San Vitores?
Answer: Spanish

Question: What depleted the inhabitants?
Answer: smallpox

Question: Which happened earlier, the end of intermittent warfare or the smallpox epidemic?
Answer: the smallpox epidemic
Adult_contemporary_music

Since the mid-2000s, the mainstreaming of bands like Wilco and Feist have pushed indie rock into the adult contemporary conversation. In the early 2010s, indie musicians like Imagine Dragons, Mumford & Sons, Of Monsters & Men, The Lumineers and Ed Sheeran also had indie songs that crossed over to the adult contemporary charts.

Question: Who had indie songs?
Answer: indie musicians

Question: What genre now discusses Wilco?
Answer: adult contemporary

Question: What did Ed Sheeran become?
Answer: adult contemporary

Question: When did mainstreaming start to happen for Ed Sheeran?
Answer: 2010s

Question: What crossed over?
Answer: indie songs

Question: What happened to indie bands?
Answer: mainstreaming

Question: What has happened to indie music?
Answer: crossed over to the adult contemporary charts

Question: What kind of bands were mainstreamed?
Answer: indie rock

Question: What did Imagine Dragons own?
Answer: indie songs

Question: What has happened to indie rock?
Answer: mainstreaming

Question: What type of music do Mumford & Sons make?
Answer: indie songs that crossed over to the adult contemporary charts

Question: What are Feist an Wilco?
Answer: bands

Question: When did indie bands become more similar to contemporary?
Answer: In the early 2010s
Adult_contemporary_music

In 1996, Billboard created a new chart called Adult Top 40, which reflects programming on radio stations that exists somewhere between "adult contemporary" music and "pop" music. Although they are sometimes mistaken for each other, the Adult Contemporary chart and the Adult Top 40 chart are separate charts, and songs reaching one chart might not reach the other. In addition, hot AC is another subgenre of radio programming that is distinct from the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart as it exists today, despite the apparent similarity in name.

Question: How many songs are ranked in the Ault Top 40
Answer: 40

Question: Where was Adult Top 40 reflected?
Answer: radio stations

Question: What has similair names?
Answer: hot AC is another subgenre of radio programming that is distinct from the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks

Question: How are these songs broadcasted
Answer: radio stations

Question: What is Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks called in abbreviation
Answer: hot AC

Question: What was Adult Top 40?
Answer: a new chart

Question: What age group is the hot AC geared towards?
Answer: Adult

Question: Songs from Adult Contemporary might not make what?
Answer: Adult Contemporary chart

Question: What was created for adult contemporary music and pop music programming?
Answer: a new chart
Adult_contemporary_music

These Christmas music marathons typically start during the week before Thanksgiving Day and end after Christmas Day, or sometimes extending to New Year's Day. Afterwards, the stations usually resume their normal music fare. Several stations begin the holiday format much earlier, at the beginning of November. The roots of this tradition can be traced back to the beautiful music and easy listening stations of the 1960s and 1970s.

Question: What is a holiday tradition for some radio stations?
Answer: Christmas music marathons

Question: When does the period of holiday music last?
Answer: start during the week before Thanksgiving Day and end after Christmas Day, or sometimes extending to New Year's Day

Question: Who were the first to play Christmas music marathons?
Answer: easy listening stations

Question: __ is sometimes known as mood music.
Answer: easy listening

Question: what is the last place of business mentioned?
Answer: stations

Question: Who starts playing Christmas music even before the week before Thanksgiving?
Answer: Several stations

Question: what is the second to last time period mentioned?
Answer: 1960s

Question: What do radio stations play during the holidays?
Answer: Christmas music marathons

Question: __ is a popular music genre and radio format that was most popular during the 1950s to 1970s
Answer: easy listening

Question: __ music featured popular vocalists such as Frank Sinatra
Answer: easy listening

Question: what is the last time period mentioned?
Answer: 1970s

Question: what is the first holiday mentioned?
Answer: Christmas

Question: what type of span of time is mentioned first?
Answer: week
Adult_contemporary_music

Much of the music recorded by singer-songwriters such as Diana Ross, James Taylor, Carly Simon, Carole King and Janis Ian got as much, if not more, airplay on this format than on Top 40 stations. Easy Listening radio also began including songs by artists who had begun in other genres, such as rock and roll or R&B. In addition, several early disco songs, did well on the Adult Contemporary format.

Question: Who gave James Taylor more airplay?
Answer: Easy Listening radio

Question: Who is the second singer-songwriter mentioned?
Answer: James Taylor

Question: Who authored there own songs
Answer: Diana Ross, James Taylor, Carly Simon, Carole King and Janis Ian

Question: Which singer-songwriter mentioned has the longest last name?
Answer: James Taylor

Question: Who is the third singer-songwriter mentioned?
Answer: Carly Simon

Question: Where was early disco aired with success?
Answer: Easy Listening radio

Question: Who was originally on easy listening stations
Answer: Diana Ross, James Taylor, Carly Simon, Carole King and Janis Ian

Question: Who is the fourth singer-songwriter mentioned?
Answer: Carole King

Question: Which singer-songwriter mentioned has the shortest last name?
Answer: Janis Ian

Question: Who sang the music the authored
Answer: Diana Ross, James Taylor, Carly Simon, Carole King and Janis Ian

Question: On what device were people listening to Easy Listening on?
Answer: radio