UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
Philosophy_of_space_and_time

The example Leibniz uses involves two proposed universes situated in absolute space. The only discernible difference between them is that the latter is positioned five feet to the left of the first. The example is only possible if such a thing as absolute space exists. Such a situation, however, is not possible, according to Leibniz, for if it were, a universe's position in absolute space would have no sufficient reason, as it might very well have been anywhere else. Therefore, it contradicts the principle of sufficient reason, and there could exist two distinct universes that were in all ways indiscernible, thus contradicting the identity of indiscernibles.

Question: Rocket ships that exit  the Earth's athmosphere are expected to then travel in what region of the Galaxy?
Answer: space

Question: A pentagon has what number of sides?
Answer: five

Question: Shoes are worn with part of the body?
Answer: feet

Question: The act of denying the truth of a statement by asserting the opposite is called?
Answer: contradicting

Question: Should 1.524 meters be converted to the imperial system, the resulting value in feet would be?
Answer: five

Question: The other term used alongside former, that refers to the second or last item mentioned in a topic or sentence is called?
Answer: latter

Question: Sinister in Latin referred to people that primarily used which hand?
Answer: left

Question: Multiverse theory believes that in addition to our own, what likely exists that run parallel or alternate to our reality ?
Answer: universes

Question: How many ears does a person have normally?
Answer: two

Question: The common unit used for height in the United States is?
Answer: feet
Philosophy_of_space_and_time

Standing out in Clarke's (and Newton's) response to Leibniz's arguments is the bucket argument: Water in a bucket, hung from a rope and set to spin, will start with a flat surface. As the water begins to spin in the bucket, the surface of the water will become concave. If the bucket is stopped, the water will continue to spin, and while the spin continues, the surface will remain concave. The concave surface is apparently not the result of the interaction of the bucket and the water, since the surface is flat when the bucket first starts to spin, it becomes concave as the water starts to spin, and it remains concave as the bucket stops.

Question: Which of the following is capable of becoming concave: Clarke, Newton, or water?
Answer: water

Question: Which of the following is not a possible shape of the surface of water: concave, flat or rope?
Answer: rope

Question: What is the very last thing the bucket does?
Answer: stops

Question: What does the process cause to happen to the container?
Answer: it becomes concave

Question: Who is the third mentioned person?
Answer: Leibniz

Question: What item is used to demonstrate the theory?
Answer: Water

Question: What kind of platform did Clarke use to argue?
Answer: flat surface

Question: What does the water do according the Newton?
Answer: As the water begins to spin in the bucket, the surface of the water will become concave. If the bucket is stopped, the water will continue to spin, and while the spin continues, the surface will remain concave

Question: Which of the following is not a physicist: Clarke, Leibniz or Water?
Answer: Water
Northwestern_University

Northwestern was founded in 1851 by John Evans, for whom the City of Evanston is named, and eight other lawyers, businessmen and Methodist leaders. Its founding purpose was to serve the Northwest Territory, an area that today includes the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota. Instruction began in 1855; women were admitted in 1869. Today, the main campus is a 240-acre (97 ha) parcel in Evanston, along the shores of Lake Michigan just 12 miles north of downtown Chicago. The university's law, medical, and professional schools are located on a 25-acre (10 ha) campus in Chicago's Streeterville neighborhood. In 2008, the university opened a campus in Education City, Doha, Qatar with programs in journalism and communication.

Question: Who founded Northwestern?
Answer: John Evans, for whom the City of Evanston is named, and eight other lawyers, businessmen and Methodist leaders

Question: It took for years for
Answer: Instruction began

Question: Which city near Lake Michigan is home to the school that opened a campus in 2008 in Doha, Qatar?
Answer: Evanston

Question: Which happened first, instruction began at Northwestern or women were admitted to Northwestern?
Answer: Instruction began

Question: Where is med school?
Answer: Chicago's Streeterville neighborhood

Question: Which was opened first, Northwestern's campus in Evanston or Qatar?
Answer: Qatar

Question: Where were women admitted to in the year that comes immediately after 1868?
Answer: Northwestern

Question: Which happened first, instruction began at Northwestern or Northwestern was founded?
Answer: Northwestern was founded

Question: Northwestern joined 5 other schools in __
Answer: Doha, Qatar

Question: Which happened first, women were admitted to Northwestern or Northwestern was founded?
Answer: Northwestern was founded

Question: Sheikha Moza bint Nasser provided funding for __
Answer: campus in Education City

Question: Where did instruction begin in the year that comes immediately before 1856?
Answer: Northwestern

Question: Which is larger in terms of size, Northwestern's main campus or professional schools?
Answer: main campus

Question: When did instruction for women begin?
Answer: 1869
Northwestern_University

Northwestern fields 19 intercollegiate athletic teams (8 men's and 11 women's) in addition to numerous club sports. The women's lacrosse team won five consecutive NCAA national championships between 2005 and 2009, went undefeated in 2005 and 2009, added more NCAA championships in 2011 and 2012, giving them 7 NCAA championships in 8 years, and holds several scoring records. The men's basketball team is recognized by the Helms Athletic Foundation as the 1931 National Champion. In the 2010–11 school year, the Wildcats had one national championship, 12 teams in postseason play, 20 All-Americans, two CoSIDA Academic All-American selections, 8 CoSIDA Academic All0District selections, 1 conference Coach of the Year and Player of the Year, 53 All-Conference and a record 201 Academic All-Big Ten athletes. Overall, 12 of Northwestern's 19 varsity programs had NCAA or bowl postseason appearances.

Question: Did Northwestern have more All-Americans or All-Conference athletes in the 2010-11 school year?
Answer: All-Conference

Question: Does Northwestern field more men's or women's intercollegiate athletic teams?
Answer: women's

Question: Which gender have more teams?
Answer: women

Question: What gender has a larger amount of varsity teams?
Answer: women

Question: How many NCAA championships did the lacrosse team win in a four year period?
Answer: five

Question: What college are they talking about?
Answer: Northwestern

Question: Did Northwestern have fewer All-Americans or Academic All-Big Ten athletes in the 2010-11 school year?
Answer: All-Americans

Question: When did men's basketball team won player of the year?
Answer: 2010–11

Question: Where do Northwestern play?
Answer: NCAA

Question: What is one team that is part of NCAA?
Answer: Northwestern

Question: What is Northwestern maskot?
Answer: Wildcats

Question: What is the record of the most wins in big ten games that they won?
Answer: 201

Question: In which year between 2009-2012 did Northwestern's women's lacrosse team not win the NCAA national championship?
Answer: 2010

Question: In 2004 and 2010, the women's lacrosse team was unable to obtain__
Answer: NCAA national championships

Question: Club sports cannot make __
Answer: NCAA or bowl postseason appearances

Question: Did Northwestern have fewer teams in postseason play or All-Americans in the 2010-11 school year?
Answer: teams in postseason play
Northwestern_University

In the fall of 2014, among the six undergraduate schools, 40.6% of undergraduate students are enrolled in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, 21.3% in the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, 14.3% in the School of Communication, 11.7% in the Medill School of Journalism, 5.7% in the Bienen School of Music, and 6.4% in the School of Education and Social Policy. The five most commonly awarded undergraduate degrees are in economics, journalism, communication studies, psychology, and political science. While professional students are affiliated with their respective schools, the School of Professional Studies offers master's and bachelor's degree, and certificate programs tailored to the professional studies. With 2,446 students enrolled in science, engineering, and health fields, the largest graduate programs by enrollment include chemistry, integrated biology, material sciences, electrical and computer engineering, neuroscience, and economics. The Kellogg School of Management's MBA, the School of Law's JD, and the Feinberg School of Medicine's MD are the three largest professional degree programs by enrollment.

Question: What options are there for students who don't want another degree?
Answer: certificate programs

Question: What does Chemistry belong to?
Answer: science

Question: What area of business is the most popular for graduate students?
Answer: economics

Question: What is the Kellogg School of Management's MBA?
Answer: professional degree programs

Question: What is the highest enrollment among the undergraduate schools?
Answer: 21.3%

Question: Which school has the fifth largest amount of undergraduates?
Answer: Bienen

Question: What is the lowest enrollment among the undergraduate schools?
Answer: 5.7%

Question: What kind of school is the Bienen School of Music?
Answer: undergraduate

Question: Where should a student be placed if they would like to study the recorder?
Answer: Bienen School of Music

Question: What was the most popular area of study for students in the fall of 2014?
Answer: Arts and Sciences

Question: What school would a student attend to earn a Master of Business?
Answer: The Kellogg School
Northwestern_University

The Northwestern University Law Review is a scholarly legal publication and student organization at Northwestern University School of Law. The Law Review's primary purpose is to publish a journal of broad legal scholarship. The Law Review publishes four issues each year. Student editors make the editorial and organizational decisions and select articles submitted by professors, judges, and practitioners, as well as student pieces. The Law Review recently extended its presence onto the web, and now publishes scholarly pieces weekly on the Colloquy. The Northwestern Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property is a law review published by an independent student organization at Northwestern University School of Law. Its Bluebook abbreviation is Nw. J. Tech. & Intell. Prop. The current editor-in-chief is Aisha Lavinier.

Question: Which of the following does not accurately describe the Northwestern University Law Review: a scholarly legal publication, an abbreviation or a student organization?
Answer: abbreviation

Question: Which are there fewer of, editors-in-chief or issues per year?
Answer: editor-in-chief

Question: Which of the following people does NOT make the editorial decisions for the Law Review, students or professors?
Answer: professors
YouTube

YouTube Red is YouTube's premium subscription service. It offers advertising-free streaming, access to exclusive content, background and offline video playback on mobile devices, and access to the Google Play Music "All Access" service. YouTube Red was originally announced on November 12, 2014, as "Music Key", a subscription music streaming service, and was intended to integrate with and replace the existing Google Play Music "All Access" service. On October 28, 2015, the service was re-launched as YouTube Red, offering ad-free streaming of all videos, as well as access to exclusive original content.

Question: How is YouTube Red different from the regular streaming service?
Answer: premium

Question: What carried over in the changes to the service?
Answer: access to the Google Play Music "All Access" service

Question: In relation to marketing videos, what does the for-pay facet, with a color in its name, of the functioning of the largest free video site on the internet offer?
Answer: advertising-free streaming

Question: What facet of functioning of the most popular way to search the internet is offered as part of the for-pay service with a color in its name offered by the largest free video site on the internet?
Answer: Google Play Music "All Access" service

Question: What was the initial plan?
Answer: intended to integrate with and replace the existing Google Play Music "All Access" service

Question: What was an older music streaming service?
Answer: Google Play Music "All Access" service

Question: What was the service's other name?
Answer: Music Key

Question: What does YouTube Red belong to?
Answer: Google

Question: What is given by paying for the service?
Answer: It offers advertising-free streaming, access to exclusive content, background and offline video playback on mobile devices, and access to the Google Play Music "All Access" service

Question: What connection supports video playback on YouTube Red?
Answer: offline

Question: What was the original monicker of the for-pay service with a color in its name that is offered by the largest free video site of the internet?
Answer: Music Key

Question: When was YouTube Red launched?
Answer: November 12, 2014

Question: What facet of the functioning of the largest free video site on the internet contains a color in its name?
Answer: YouTube Red

Question: What is exclusively for members of YouTube Red?
Answer: access to the Google Play Music "All Access" service

Question: What was the original design of the for-pay service with a color in its name that is offered by the largest free video site of the internet?
Answer: subscription music streaming service
YouTube

On November 6, 2013, Google implemented a new comment system that requires all YouTube users to use a Google+ account in order to comment on videos and making the comment system Google+ oriented. The changes are in large part an attempt to address the frequent criticisms of the quality and tone of YouTube comments. They give creators more power to moderate and block comments, and add new sorting mechanisms to ensure that better, more relevant discussions appear at the top. The new system restored the ability to include URLs in comments, which had previously been removed due to problems with abuse. In response, YouTube co-founder Jawed Karim posted the question "why the fuck do I need a google+ account to comment on a video?" on his YouTube channel to express his negative opinion of the change. The official YouTube announcement received 20,097 "thumbs down" votes and generated more than 32,000 comments in two days. Writing in the Newsday blog Silicon Island, Chase Melvin noted that "Google+ is nowhere near as popular a social media network as Facebook, but it's essentially being forced upon millions of YouTube users who don't want to lose their ability to comment on videos" and "Discussion forums across the Internet are already bursting with outcry against the new comment system". In the same article Melvin goes on to say:

Question: Given to the negative feedback what did Google put in place for YouTube users wishing to make comments?
Answer: new comment system

Question: Jawed Karim expressed disgust at what "extra" he had to couple with in order to  continue making comments?
Answer: Google+

Question: What addition was made?
Answer: the ability to include URLs in comments

Question: Over what time span did the public respond with considerable feedback regarding YouTube's disclosure of its comment system?
Answer: two days

Question: Melvin referenced what as the "pig in a dress" in relation to this major social media platform by spawned by Zuckerberg?
Answer: Google+

Question: What was the comment process changed?
Answer: to address the frequent criticisms of the quality and tone of YouTube comments

Question: Why are you tube users upset?
Answer: Google implemented a new comment system that requires all YouTube users to use a Google+ account in order to comment on videos

Question: YouTube was integrated with another service for what feature?
Answer: the comment system

Question: What is new about Google?
Answer: a new comment system

Question: In a race of emoticons and words, which generated more feedback after the great Google reveal?
Answer: 32,000 comments
YouTube

Both private individuals and large production companies have used YouTube to grow audiences. Independent content creators have built grassroots followings numbering in the thousands at very little cost or effort, while mass retail and radio promotion proved problematic. Concurrently, old media celebrities moved into the website at the invitation of a YouTube management that witnessed early content creators accruing substantial followings, and perceived audience sizes potentially larger than that attainable by television. While YouTube's revenue-sharing "Partner Program" made it possible to earn a substantial living as a video producer—its top five hundred partners each earning more than $100,000 annually and its ten highest-earning channels grossing from $2.5 million to $12 million—in 2012 CMU business editor characterized YouTube as "a free-to-use... promotional platform for the music labels". In 2013 Forbes' Katheryn Thayer asserted that digital-era artists' work must not only be of high quality, but must elicit reactions on the YouTube platform and social media. In 2013, videos of the 2.5% of artists categorized as "mega", "mainstream" and "mid-sized" received 90.3% of the relevant views on YouTube and Vevo. By early 2013 Billboard had announced that it was factoring YouTube streaming data into calculation of the Billboard Hot 100 and related genre charts.

Question: Billboard was doing what exactly to take into account YouTube's streaming data?
Answer: calculation of the Billboard Hot 100

Question: 2013 was at what point when Billboard had made an announcement?
Answer: early

Question: what is been discussed?
Answer: YouTube

Question: what is the last word in the passage?
Answer: charts

Question: youtube is a?
Answer: platform and social media

Question: The ten channels were considered to be what level in YouTube's Partner Program?
Answer: highest

Question: what is the wesite used for?
Answer: promotion

Question: What is the aim of businesses in this realm/
Answer: grow audiences

Question: How has YouTube benefitted the economy?
Answer: YouTube's revenue-sharing "Partner Program" made it possible to earn a substantial living as a video producer

Question: What change has it made on the media industry?
Answer: By early 2013 Billboard had announced that it was factoring YouTube streaming data into calculation of the Billboard Hot 100 and related genre charts

Question: How have celebrities latched onto YouTube?
Answer: at the invitation of a YouTube management

Question: What is the difference between how individuals and companies use YouTube?
Answer: Independent content creators have built grassroots followings numbering in the thousands at very little cost or effort
YouTube

YouTube entered into a marketing and advertising partnership with NBC in June 2006. In November 2008, YouTube reached an agreement with MGM, Lions Gate Entertainment, and CBS, allowing the companies to post full-length films and television episodes on the site, accompanied by advertisements in a section for US viewers called "Shows". The move was intended to create competition with websites such as Hulu, which features material from NBC, Fox, and Disney. In November 2009, YouTube launched a version of "Shows" available to UK viewers, offering around 4,000 full-length shows from more than 60 partners. In January 2010, YouTube introduced an online film rentals service, which is available only to users in the US, Canada and the UK as of 2010. The service offers over 6,000 films.

Question: What was different about shows?
Answer: advertisements

Question: The UK has what, in addition to Shows?
Answer: film rentals service

Question: What did YouTube introduce a year before the film rentals?
Answer: version of "Shows" available to UK viewers

Question: Before YouTube introduced online film rentals, who did they make an agreement with, 4 years prior?
Answer: NBC

Question: What did YouTube do 2 years after they reached an agreement with MGM, Lions Gate Entertainment, and CBS?
Answer: introduced an online film rentals service

Question: What happened during the 9th year of the 21st century?
Answer: YouTube launched a version of "Shows" available to UK viewers

Question: Why was YouTube entering into agreements?
Answer: allowing the companies to post full-length films and television episodes on the site

Question: What happened during the 10th year of the 21st century?
Answer: YouTube introduced an online film rentals service

Question: What happened on the 8th year of the 21st century?
Answer: YouTube reached an agreement with MGM, Lions Gate Entertainment, and CBS

Question: What was the last service YouTube launched in the aught years?
Answer: a version of "Shows" available to UK viewers

Question: In the 2008 agreement, what did YouTube do to make revenue?
Answer: advertisements
YouTube

In November 2008, 720p HD support was added. At the time of the 720p launch, the YouTube player was changed from a 4:3 aspect ratio to a widescreen 16:9. With this new feature, YouTube began a switchover to H.264/MPEG-4 AVC as its default video compression format. In November 2009, 1080p HD support was added. In July 2010, YouTube announced that it had launched a range of videos in 4K format, which allows a resolution of up to 4096×3072 pixels. In June 2015, support for 8K resolution was added, with the videos playing at 7680×4320 pixels.

Question: When will 8k be added?
Answer: June 2015

Question: Which resolutions do videos play at a lower pixel rate, 4K or 8K?
Answer: 4K

Question: If you wanted your videos to play with more pixels, which resolution which you choose?
Answer: 8K

Question: What year was support for 8K resolution not available yet but 4K format was?
Answer: 2010

Question: Which resolution format was implemented first: 8K or 4K?
Answer: 4K

Question: What was the original aspect ratio?
Answer: 720p

Question: What is the highest definition support listed
Answer: 8K

Question: Which year was 1080p HD support not offered in?
Answer: 2008

Question: Fullscreen is also known as
Answer: 4:3 aspect ratio

Question: What was the old aspect ratio?
Answer: 4:3

Question: What is apect ratio of a full screen tv
Answer: 4:3