Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "Forty acres and a mule" policy. The proposal was never widely adopted due to strong political opposition. Nearly a century later (1950s-1960s), policies to assist classes of individuals reemerged during the Civil Rights Movement. The civil rights guarantees came through the interpretation of the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. The decisions came to be known as affirmative action in which mandatory, as well as voluntary programs, affirmed the civil rights of people of color. Furthermore, these affirmative action programs protected people of color from the present effects stemming from past discrimination. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy became the first to utilize the term "affirmative action" in Executive Order 10925 to ensure that government contractors "take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin." This executive order realized the government's intent to create equal opportunities for all qualified people. This executive order was eventually amended and superseded by Lyndon B. Johnson's Executive Order 11246 which prevented discrimination based on race, color, religion, and national origin by organizations which received federal contracts and subcontracts. In 1967, the order was amended to include sex as well. The Reagan administration was opposed to the affirmative action requirements of Executive Order 11246, but these contemplated changes[which?] faced bi-partisan opposition in Congress.

Question: what order was amended and superseded Executive Order 11246
Answer: Order 10925

Question: Who disagreed with Reagan's proposed changes to Executive Order 11246?
Answer: Congress

Question: What part of the constitution are affirmative action programs based in?
Answer: Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment

Question: What happened first, Sherman's land proposal, or the Civil Rights Movement?
Answer: Sherman proposed to divide the land

Question: Which non-president came up with a well-known affirmative action program?
Answer: General William Tecumseh Sherman

Question: what faced bi-partisan opposition in Congress?
Answer: contemplated changes

Question: which order was amended in 1967?
Answer: Executive Order 11246

Question: Which came first, Executive Order 11246 or the year 1961?
Answer: 1961

Question: what order was amended and superseded by Executive order 11246?
Answer: realized

Question: Which president disagreed with Lyndon B. Johnson on affirmative action?
Answer: Reagan

Question: Which came later, Executive Order 10925 or the year 1967?
Answer: 1967

Question: Who did Kennedy's Executive Order apply to?
Answer: government contractors

Question: What happened first, Sherman's land proposal, or Order 10925?
Answer: Sherman proposed to divide the land

Question: who's order was amended in 1967?
Answer: Lyndon B. Johnson's

Question: What happened first, Sherman's land proposal, or Order 11246?
Answer: Sherman proposed to divide the land