UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
Chihuahua_(state)

During the 1990s after NAFTA was signed, industrial development grew rapidly with foreign investment. Large factories known as maquiladoras were built to export manufactured goods to the United States and Canada. Today, most of the maquiladoras produce electronics, automobile, and aerospace components. There are more than 406 companies operating under the federal IMMEX or Prosec program in Chihuahua. The large portion of the manufacturing sector of the state is 425 factories divided into 25 industrial parks accounting for 12.47% of the maquiladoras in Mexico, which employ 294,026 people in the state. While export-driven manufacturing is one of the most important components of the state's economy, the industrial sector is quite diverse and can be broken down into several sectors, which are: electronics, agro-industrial, wood base manufacturing, mineral, and biotech. Similar to the rest of the country, small businesses continue to be the foundation of the state’s economy. Small business employs the largest portion of the population.[citation needed]

Question: what federal programs is mentioned
Answer: IMMEX or Prosec program

Question: what proportion of large factories in mexico are in chihuahua
Answer: 12.47%

Question: most people work where
Answer: small businesses

Question: Factories are in the what industry?
Answer: manufacturing sector

Question: Wood base and mineral are what of industrial activity?
Answer: sectors

Question: Why aren't maquiladoras responsible for the majority of GDP?
Answer: country, small businesses continue to be the foundation of the state’s economy

Question: in mexico the small business is
Answer: the foundation of the state’s economy

Question: how many maquiladoras are in the chihuahua industrial parks
Answer: 425

Question: The U.S. and Canada consume?
Answer: manufactured goods
Chihuahua_(state)

The state has the 12th-largest state economy in Mexico, accounting for 2.7% of the country’s GDP. Chihuahua has the fifth highest manufacturing GDP in Mexico and ranks second for the most factories funded by foreign investment in the country. As of 2011[update], the state had an estimated 396 billion pesos (31.1 billion dollars) of annual GDP. According to official federal statistical studies, the service sector accounted for the largest portion of the state economy at 59.28%; the manufacturing and industrial sector is estimated to account for 34.36% of the state's GDP, with the agricultural sector accounting for 6.36% of the state's GDP. Manufacturing sector was the principal foreign investment in the state followed by the mining sector. In 2011, the state received approximately 884 million dollars in remittances from the United States, which was 4.5% of all remittances from the United States to Mexico.

Question: How much, in US currency, is the yearly gross domestic product of Chihuahua?
Answer: 31.1 billion dollars

Question: Which sector of the three mentioned was the second smallest in terms of percentage of the state's GDP?
Answer: the manufacturing and industrial sector

Question: What mentioned sector is the least profitable for Chihuahua's State economy?
Answer: the agricultural sector accounting for 6.36% of the state's GDP

Question: What is the currency of Mexico known as?
Answer: pesos

Question: Which sector accounted for a smaller percentage of the state's GDP, the service sector or the manufacturing and industrial sector?
Answer: the manufacturing and industrial sector

Question: The second greatest impact on Chihuahua's GDP is funded primarily by which sectors?
Answer: manufacturing and industrial

Question: what is the most profitable sector in Chihuahua's state economy?
Answer: service sector accounted for the largest portion of the state economy at 59.28%

Question: What is the smallest financial sector that drives Chihuahua's economy?
Answer: agricultural

Question: What is the second largest financial sector that has an impact on the Chihuahua economy?
Answer: manufacturing and industrial

Question: what is the gross domestic product rate of Chihuahua in percentage?
Answer: 2.7%

Question: Where is Chihuahua located?
Answer: Mexico

Question: Which sector accounted for more than 35% of the state's GDP?
Answer: the service sector

Question: The sector that has the greatest impact on Chihuahua's GDP is funded by what financial sector in 2011?
Answer: service sector

Question: Which sector accounted for more than 5%, but less than 10%, of the state's GDP?
Answer: the agricultural sector
Chihuahua_(state)

Under threat from the conservative forces, Governor Terrazas was deposed, and the state legislature proclaimed martial law in the state in April 1864 and established Jesús José Casavantes as the new governor. In response, José María Patoni decided to march to Chihuahua with presidential support. Meanwhile, Maximilian von Habsburg, a younger brother of the Emperor of Austria, was proclaimed Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico on April 10, 1864 with the backing of Napoleon III and a group of Mexican conservatives. Before President Benito Juárez was forced to flee, Congress granted him an emergency extension of his presidency, which would go into effect in 1865 when his term expired, and last until 1867. At the same time, the state liberals and conservatives compromised to allow the popular Ángel Trías take the governorship; by this time the French forces had taken control over the central portions of the country and were making preparations to invade the northern states.

Question: Which of the following is not the title of a leader: president, emperor, or Chihuahua?
Answer: Chihuahua

Question: What state was being fought over?
Answer: Mexico

Question: Which of the following people never served as governor: Terrazas, Jesus Jose Casavantes, or Napoleon III?
Answer: Napoleon III

Question: Who helped the conqueror of Chihuahua?
Answer: Napoleon III and a group of Mexican conservatives

Question: What happened on the 65th year of the 19th century?
Answer: emergency extension of his presidency

Question: Who was the leader of the country?
Answer: Benito Juárez

Question: What happened in the 84th year of the 19th century?
Answer: Maximilian von Habsburg, a younger brother of the Emperor of Austria, was proclaimed Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico

Question: Which happened first, Governor Terrazas was deposed or the emergency extension Congress granted Benito Juarez went into effect?
Answer: Governor Terrazas was deposed

Question: What ended in the 87th year of the 19th century?
Answer: emergency extension of his presidency
Animal

Because of the great diversity found in animals, it is more economical for scientists to study a small number of chosen species so that connections can be drawn from their work and conclusions extrapolated about how animals function in general. Because they are easy to keep and breed, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have long been the most intensively studied metazoan model organisms, and were among the first life-forms to be genetically sequenced. This was facilitated by the severely reduced state of their genomes, but as many genes, introns, and linkages lost, these ecdysozoans can teach us little about the origins of animals in general. The extent of this type of evolution within the superphylum will be revealed by the crustacean, annelid, and molluscan genome projects currently in progress. Analysis of the starlet sea anemone genome has emphasised the importance of sponges, placozoans, and choanoflagellates, also being sequenced, in explaining the arrival of 1500 ancestral genes unique to the Eumetazoa.

Question: What is the purpose of scientists's study of the animal species?
Answer: conclusions extrapolated about how animals function in general

Question: What are the problems connected with the study?
Answer: many genes, introns, and linkages lost

Question: What were genetically sequenced?
Answer: Caenorhabditis elegans

Question: Why do scientists study minute amounts of species?
Answer: it is more economical

Question: What are extrapolated?
Answer: conclusions

Question: What are the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans ?
Answer: metazoan model organisms

Question: What is currently in progress?
Answer: the crustacean, annelid, and molluscan genome projects

Question: What are the fruit fly Drosophila melanogastger?
Answer: among the first life-forms to be genetically sequenced

Question: What ecdysozoans can teach about the source of animals?
Answer: the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Question: What  explained the arrival of 1500 ancestral genes unique to the Eumetazoa?
Answer: the importance of sponges, placozoans, and choanoflagellates
Animal

The Ecdysozoa are protostomes, named after the common trait of growth by moulting or ecdysis. The largest animal phylum belongs here, the Arthropoda, including insects, spiders, crabs, and their kin. All these organisms have a body divided into repeating segments, typically with paired appendages. Two smaller phyla, the Onychophora and Tardigrada, are close relatives of the arthropods and share these traits. The ecdysozoans also include the Nematoda or roundworms, perhaps the second largest animal phylum. Roundworms are typically microscopic, and occur in nearly every environment where there is water. A number are important parasites. Smaller phyla related to them are the Nematomorpha or horsehair worms, and the Kinorhyncha, Priapulida, and Loricifera. These groups have a reduced coelom, called a pseudocoelom.

Question: The term ecdysozoans refers to what type of classification in the animal kingdom?
Answer: phylum

Question: Where does a member of perhaps the second largest animal phylum live?
Answer: every environment where there is water

Question: Members of the Onychophora are physically similar to what animals?
Answer: insects, spiders, crabs, and their kin

Question: Some __ show a remarkable tolerance for hydrogen sulfide and anoxia
Answer: Priapulida

Question: __ are gonochoristic
Answer: Priapulida

Question: The term ecdysozoans refers to what type of subgroup in the animal kingdom?
Answer: phylum

Question: __  is a phylum of unsegmented marine worms
Answer: Priapulida

Question: A crustacean is a kind of?
Answer: Arthropoda

Question: The common trait protostomes is named after is?
Answer: growth by moulting or ecdysis

Question: What is related to the roundworms?
Answer: Nematomorpha or horsehair worms, and the Kinorhyncha, Priapulida, and Loricifera

Question: The protective cavity between the body wall and internal organs is called a what?
Answer: coelom

Question: Which phyla have a smaller than typical protective cavity between their body wall and internal organs?
Answer: Nematomorpha or horsehair worms, and the Kinorhyncha, Priapulida, and Loricifera
Animal

Some paleontologists suggest that animals appeared much earlier than the Cambrian explosion, possibly as early as 1 billion years ago. Trace fossils such as tracks and burrows found in the Tonian period indicate the presence of triploblastic worms, like metazoans, roughly as large (about 5 mm wide) and complex as earthworms. During the beginning of the Tonian period around 1 billion years ago, there was a decrease in Stromatolite diversity, which may indicate the appearance of grazing animals, since stromatolite diversity increased when grazing animals went extinct at the End Permian and End Ordovician extinction events, and decreased shortly after the grazer populations recovered. However the discovery that tracks very similar to these early trace fossils are produced today by the giant single-celled protist Gromia sphaerica casts doubt on their interpretation as evidence of early animal evolution.

Question: What is the girth of a triploblastic worm found by paleontologists?
Answer: about 5 mm wide

Question: What condition precipitates the arrival of animals that graze?
Answer: decrease in Stromatolite diversity

Question: The first large evolutionary radiation of acritarchs occurred during the  __
Answer: Tonian

Question: The __  is unique in its unusually high proportion of lagerstätte sedimentary deposits.
Answer: Cambrian

Question: From what era, once thought devoid of animal life, was evidence of grazer populations discovered?
Answer: the Tonian period

Question: What burrows in the dirt?
Answer: earthworms

Question: What fact seems to contradict the finding of paleontologists about the first appearance of animal life?
Answer: the discovery that tracks very similar to these early trace fossils are produced today by the giant single-celled protist Gromia sphaerica

Question: The base of the animal phylogenetic tree is in the __.
Answer: Tonian
Ottoman_Empire

The art of carpet weaving was particularly significant in the Ottoman Empire, carpets having an immense importance both as decorative furnishings, rich in religious and other symbolism, and as a practical consideration, as it was customary to remove one's shoes in living quarters. The weaving of such carpets originated in the nomadic cultures of central Asia (carpets being an easily transportable form of furnishing), and was eventually spread to the settled societies of Anatolia. Turks used carpets, rugs and kilims not just on the floors of a room, but also as a hanging on walls and doorways, where they provided additional insulation. They were also commonly donated to mosques, which often amassed large collections of them.

Question: Why might floor carpets provide comfort and benefits?
Answer: customary to remove one's shoes in living quarters

Question: Where did carpet orginiation come from?
Answer: the nomadic cultures of central Asia

Question: Where was the group that was behind making the first carpets for furnishing?
Answer: Asia

Question: Where might you find carpets with religious symbolism?
Answer: mosques

Question: What was the custom in Ottoman Empire during the time of carpet weaving?
Answer: remove one's shoes in living quarters

Question: In which society was carpets making distributed after it was brought from central Asia?
Answer: the settled societies of Anatolia

Question: Where was the art of carpet weaving first significant?
Answer: central Asia

Question: What might have been a result of  having to remove one's shoes inside?
Answer: The art of carpet weaving was particularly significant in the Ottoman Empire

Question: Why was the art of carpet weaving made?
Answer: an easily transportable form of furnishing

Question: What happened when Turks hung carpet on the wall?
Answer: they provided additional insulation

Question: What were the significance of carpet weaving in Ottoman Empire?
Answer: as decorative furnishings, rich in religious and other symbolism, and as a practical consideration, as it was customary to remove one's shoes in living quarters

Question: What was an unintended use for a carpet that developed over time?
Answer: they provided additional insulation

Question: Why might have mosques amassed collections of carpets?
Answer: They were also commonly donated to mosques
Ottoman_Empire

The son of Murad II, Mehmed the Conqueror, reorganized the state and the military, and conquered Constantinople on 29 May 1453. Mehmed allowed the Orthodox Church to maintain its autonomy and land in exchange for accepting Ottoman authority. Because of bad relations between the states of western Europe and the later Byzantine Empire, the majority of the Orthodox population accepted Ottoman rule as preferable to Venetian rule. Albanian resistance was a major obstacle to Ottoman expansion on the Italian peninsula.

Question: which state start with A?
Answer: Albanian

Question: Who is a parent?
Answer: Murad II

Question: Who would not give in to Ottoman rule?
Answer: Albanian resistance

Question: Whose citizens accepted Ottoman authority?
Answer: Constantinople

Question: What did the Conqueror require of a certain religious party?
Answer: accepting Ottoman authority

Question: Who argued and prompted the Orthodox people make a decision?
Answer: the states of western Europe and the later Byzantine Empire

Question: what nation start with I?
Answer: Italian

Question: COnstantinople was toppled by?
Answer: Mehmed the Conqueror

Question: What did Mehmed get from the Orthodox church?
Answer: accepting Ottoman authority

Question: Who was in charge before Mehmed?
Answer: Murad II

Question: which victory was attached with Murad II?
Answer: Constantinople on 29 May 1453

Question: Who was not afraid of Mehmed?
Answer: Albanian resistance
Ottoman_Empire

Educational and technological reforms came about, including the establishment of higher education institutions such as the Istanbul Technical University. In 1734 an artillery school was established to impart Western-style artillery methods, but the Islamic clergy successfully objected under the grounds of theodicy. In 1754 the artillery school was reopened on a semi-secret basis. In 1726, Ibrahim Muteferrika convinced the Grand Vizier Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Pasha, the Grand Mufti, and the clergy on the efficiency of the printing press, and Muteferrika was later granted by Sultan Ahmed III permission to publish non-religious books (despite opposition from some calligraphers and religious leaders). Muteferrika's press published its first book in 1729 and, by 1743, issued 17 works in 23 volumes, each having between 500 and 1,000 copies.

Question: Prior to 1743, what did Muteferrika's press print?
Answer: 17 works in 23 volumes

Question: Prior to 1743, what was the most copies of a book printed on Muteferrika's press?
Answer: 1,000

Question: The clergy resisted what influence?
Answer: Western

Question: The clergy used to totally control the production of?
Answer: books

Question: Why did the artillery school have to go underground?
Answer: Islamic clergy

Question: The Istanbul Technical University was established why?
Answer: Educational and technological reforms

Question: In what year had Muteferrika's press not yet printed its first book?
Answer: 1726
Ottoman_Empire

Muslim sects regarded as heretical, such as the Druze, Ismailis, Alevis, and Alawites, ranked below Jews and Christians. In 1514, Sultan Selim I, nicknamed "the Grim" because of his cruelty, ordered the massacre of 40,000 Anatolian Alevis (Qizilbash), whom he considered heretics, reportedly proclaiming that "the killing of one Alevi had as much otherworldly reward as killing 70 Christians."[page needed] Selim was also responsible for an unprecedented and rapid expansion of the Ottoman Empire into the Middle East, especially through his conquest of the entire Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, which included much of the region. With these conquests, Selim further solidified the Ottoman claim for being an Islamic caliphate, although Ottoman sultans had been claiming the title of caliph since the 14th century starting with Murad I (reigned 1362 to 1389). The caliphate would remain held by Ottoman sultans for the rest of the office's duration, which ended with its abolition on 3 March 1924 by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey and the exile of the last caliph, Abdülmecid II, to France.

Question: what is the second to last country mentioned?
Answer: Turkey

Question: what is the last period in time mentioned?
Answer: 3 March 1924

Question: what is the third sect mentioned?
Answer: Alevis

Question: what is the first sect mentioned?
Answer: Druze

Question: Who would rank higher between Jews, Druze, or Alevis?
Answer: Jews

Question: Who was the first caliph?
Answer: Murad I

Question: Which Muslim sect beginning with "Ale" were regarded even worse than Jews and Christians?
Answer: Alevis

Question: What group exiled the last caliph?
Answer: Grand National Assembly of Turkey

Question: what is the second sect mentioned?
Answer: Ismailis

Question: Who was viewed as mean?
Answer: Sultan Selim I

Question: What did Selim accomplish against the Mamluk Sultanate?
Answer: conquest

Question: What kind of group of Muslims such as the Druze and Alawites were claimed as heretical?
Answer: sects

Question: Why were the Qizilbash murdered?
Answer: heretics

Question: What region was Egypt a part of?
Answer: Middle East

Question: What action against Alevi had as much otherworldly reward as doing the same to 70 Christians?
Answer: killing
Ottoman_Empire

Over the course of Ottoman history, the Ottomans managed to build a large collection of libraries complete with translations of books from other cultures, as well as original manuscripts. A great part of this desire for local and foreign manuscripts arose in the 15th Century. Sultan Mehmet II ordered Georgios Amiroutzes, a Greek scholar from Trabzon, to translate and make available to Ottoman educational institutions the geography book of Ptolemy. Another example is Ali Qushji -an astronomer, mathematician and physicist originally from Samarkand- who became a professor in two madrasas, and influenced Ottoman circles as a result of his writings and the activities of his students, even though he only spent two or three years before his death in Istanbul.

Question: Original manuscripts were important to which Ottoman institutions?
Answer: libraries

Question: What was the rank of Mehmet II
Answer: Sultan

Question: What was done to translate these texts?
Answer: A great part of this desire for local and foreign manuscripts arose in the 15th Century

Question: How did this impact Ottoman life?
Answer: Sultan Mehmet II ordered Georgios Amiroutzes, a Greek scholar from Trabzon, to translate and make available to Ottoman educational institutions the geography book of Ptolemy

Question: What scholar was known for this?
Answer: Ali Qushji

Question: Where could you learn about places other than where you are?
Answer: libraries

Question: Who translated Ptolemy's geography
Answer: Georgios Amiroutzes

Question: Translations from which Greek scholar were prized by Sultan Mehmet II?
Answer: Ptolemy

Question: What was contained in the Ottoman libraries
Answer: translations of books from other cultures, as well as original manuscripts

Question: Ali Qushji was what else besides an astronomer, mathematician
Answer: physicist

Question: For whom was Georgios Amiroutez commanded to translate Ptolemy's geographical work?
Answer: Ottoman educational institutions

Question: Along with original documents, what kinds of items were in Ottoman libraries?
Answer: translations of books

Question: Where could you find someone who had 4 professions?
Answer: Samarkand

Question: Who was particularly known for this practice?
Answer: Sultan Mehmet II

Question: How could you tell Ottomans valued education?
Answer: the Ottomans managed to build a large collection of libraries

Question: How did Ottoman culture change over time?
Answer: the Ottomans managed to build a large collection of libraries