UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
Videoconferencing

It was only in the 1980s that digital telephony transmission networks became possible, such as with ISDN networks, assuring a minimum bit rate (usually 128 kilobits/s) for compressed video and audio transmission. During this time, there was also research into other forms of digital video and audio communication. Many of these technologies, such as the Media space, are not as widely used today as videoconferencing but were still an important area of research. The first dedicated systems started to appear in the market as ISDN networks were expanding throughout the world. One of the first commercial videoconferencing systems sold to companies came from PictureTel Corp., which had an Initial Public Offering in November, 1984.

Question: A recording of moving visual images on tape or digital is called.
Answer: video

Question: What is another word for sound?
Answer: audio

Question: What was transmitted digitally in the 1980s?
Answer: compressed video and audio

Question: How does videoconferencing transfer data?
Answer: digital telephony transmission

Question: What is the unit for digital information?
Answer: bit

Question: What metric of information transfer was improved in the 1980s?
Answer: bit rate

Question: What type of network is an ISDN?
Answer: digital

Question: Prior to ISDN, what speed was not guaranteed?
Answer: 128 kilobits/s

Question: MP3 players primarily play what kind of entertainment?
Answer: audio

Question: The field of technology involving developing and applying telecommunication services to transmit voices or data between parties is called?
Answer: telephony

Question: What became possible after ISDN was developed?
Answer: compressed video and audio transmission

Question: What is the name of a book published in 1949 about a dystopia in the future?
Answer: 1984

Question: How are transmissions over ISDN made more efficient?
Answer: compressed

Question: The portion of the drill that does the drilling is referred to as a?
Answer: bit

Question: What service did PictureTel Corp. provide?
Answer: commercial videoconferencing systems
United_States_presidential_election,_2004

Bush's margin of victory in the popular vote was the smallest ever for a reelected incumbent president, but marked the first time since his father's victory 16 years prior that a candidate won a majority of the popular vote. The electoral map closely resembled that of 2000, with only three states changing sides: New Mexico and Iowa voted Republican in 2004 after having voted Democratic in 2000, while New Hampshire voted Democratic in 2004 after previously voting Republican. In the Electoral College, Bush received 286 votes to Kerry's 252.

Question: What is peculiar about Bush Jr winning the elections concerning the popular vote back when he got elected against Kerry?
Answer: marked the first time since his father's victory 16 years prior that a candidate won a majority of the popular vote

Question: what party is mentioned last?
Answer: Republican

Question: what is the second to last amount mentioned?
Answer: 286

Question: How many votes did the person who lost against Bush got in the electoral college?
Answer: 252

Question: what is the last amount mentioned?
Answer: 252

Question: who is the second to last candidate mentioned?
Answer: Bush

Question: what is the last time period mentioned?
Answer: 2004

Question: When did a different member of the family go through the same process?
Answer: 16 years prior

Question: Who changed sides together?
Answer: New Mexico and Iowa

Question: What state that previously voted as republican voted as a democrat back in the year 2004?
Answer: New Hampshire

Question: What did both members of the family have in common?
Answer: victory

Question: How big of a presidential win did Bush Jr have back when he got elected?
Answer: margin of victory in the popular vote was the smallest ever for a reelected incumbent president
United_States_presidential_election,_2004

In September 2003, retired four-star general Wesley Clark announced his intention to run in the presidential primary election for the Democratic Party nomination. His campaign focused on themes of leadership and patriotism; early campaign ads relied heavily on biography. His late start left him with relatively few detailed policy proposals. This weakness was apparent in his first few debates, although he soon presented a range of position papers, including a major tax-relief plan. Nevertheless, the Democrats did not flock to support his campaign.

Question: How did the campaign gain momentum?
Answer: presented a range of position papers, including a major tax-relief plan

Question: What was an early concern of his?
Answer: weakness was apparent in his first few debates

Question: How did most people run for office at the time?
Answer: early campaign ads relied heavily on biography

Question: Why did he not have policy proposals?
Answer: late start

Question: What hadn't happened ever before?
Answer: Wesley Clark announced his intention to run in the presidential primary election for the Democratic Party nomination

Question: What might have given Wesley a significant boost based on what is considered an honorable accomplishment?
Answer: retired four-star general

Question: What was a key cog of the campaign?
Answer: themes of leadership and patriotism

Question: Whatdid the general put the most attention on?
Answer: leadership and patriotism

Question: What was the conclusion of the campaign?
Answer: the Democrats did not flock to support his campaign

Question: What was noticable during his first debates?
Answer: few detailed policy proposals

Question: Who did Wesley need to win?
Answer: the Democrats

Question: What did  Clark do differently from others?
Answer: focused on themes of leadership and patriotism

Question: How did Clark try to save himself?
Answer: presented a range of position papers, including a major tax-relief plan

Question: What didn't help although they are honorable ideals?
Answer: campaign focused on themes of leadership and patriotism

Question: What was this candidate's credentials?
Answer: four-star general

Question: What is his weakness?
Answer: few detailed policy proposals
United_States_presidential_election,_2004

Bush focused his campaign on national security, presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a "flip-flopper." This strategy was designed to convey to American voters the idea that Bush could be trusted to be tough on terrorism while Kerry would be "uncertain in the face of danger." Bush (just as his father did with Dukakis in the 1988 election) also sought to portray Kerry as a "Massachusetts liberal" who was out of touch with mainstream Americans. One of Kerry's slogans was "Stronger at home, respected in the world." This advanced the suggestion that Kerry would pay more attention to domestic concerns; it also encapsulated Kerry's contention that Bush had alienated American allies by his foreign policy.

Question: Who did not present themselves as a flip-flopper?
Answer: Bush

Question: Which politician's slogan was not "Stronger at home, respected in the world"?
Answer: Bush

Question: Who did not present themselves as a decisive leader?
Answer: Kerry

Question: Kerry was suggested to focus on domestic concerns over?
Answer: national security

Question: What was a forward thought wasn't of home?
Answer: Bush

Question: Bush competed with someone from?
Answer: Massachusetts

Question: Who was supposedly pushing away the people he should be working for?
Answer: Bush had alienated American allies

Question: Bush said Kerry was elitist, and?
Answer: out of touch with mainstream Americans

Question: Who tried to portray their opponent as someone who had alienated American allies by his foreign policy?
Answer: Kerry

Question: Who was the politician that their opponent was trying to depict them to be a Massachusetts liberal?
Answer: Kerry

Question: Who did something that someone did before him?
Answer: Bush
United_States_presidential_election,_2004

To distinguish official campaigning from independent campaigning, political advertisements on television were required to include a verbal disclaimer identifying the organization responsible for the advertisement. Advertisements produced by political campaigns usually included the statement, "I'm [candidate's name], and I approve this message." Advertisements produced by independent organizations usually included the statement, "[Organization name] is responsible for the content of this advertisement", and from September 3 (60 days before the general election), such organizations' ads were prohibited from mentioning any candidate by name. Previously, television advertisements only required a written "paid for by" disclaimer on the screen.

Question: Which type of ads cannot name a candidate's name 60 days before election?
Answer: Advertisements produced by independent organizations

Question: What two types of campaign ads are there?
Answer: official campaigning from independent campaigning

Question: What might be stated in a political advertisement?
Answer: a verbal disclaimer identifying the organization responsible for the advertisement

Question: In the past what did advertisements state as a disclaimer?
Answer: only required a written "paid for by" disclaimer on the screen

Question: What might be expressed in a political advertisement on television?
Answer: "I'm [candidate's name], and I approve this message."

Question: What could be said in a political advertisement on television?
Answer: disclaimer

Question: Candidate's names are included in which type of advertisements?
Answer: Advertisements produced by political campaigns

Question: Organization's names are included in which type of advertisements?
Answer: Advertisements produced by independent organizations
United_States_presidential_election,_2004

At the official counting of the electoral votes on January 6, a motion was made contesting Ohio's electoral votes. Because the motion was supported by at least one member of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, election law mandated that each house retire to debate and vote on the motion. In the House of Representatives, the motion was supported by 31 Democrats. It was opposed by 178 Republicans, 88 Democrats and one independent. Not voting were 52 Republicans and 80 Democrats. Four people elected to the House had not yet taken office, and one seat was vacant. In the Senate, it was supported only by its maker, Senator Boxer, with 74 Senators opposed and 25 not voting. During the debate, no Senator argued that the outcome of the election should be changed by either court challenge or revote. Senator Boxer claimed that she had made the motion not to challenge the outcome, but to "shed the light of truth on these irregularities."

Question: Who supported the motion the most?
Answer: Democrats

Question: Where did support for the motion come from?
Answer: Democrats

Question: The two loegislative bodies are?
Answer: House of Representatives and the Senate

Question: How many positions in the House of Representatives were unfilled?
Answer: one

Question: Boxer filed a?
Answer: motion

Question: Who didn't participate in the Senate when they could?
Answer: 25

Question: Who did not participate even though they could in the House?
Answer: 52 Republicans and 80 Democrats
George_VI

His birthday (14 December 1895) was the 34th anniversary of the death of his great-grandfather, Prince Albert, the Prince Consort. Uncertain of how the Prince Consort's widow, Queen Victoria, would take the news of the birth, the Prince of Wales wrote to the Duke of York that the Queen had been "rather distressed". Two days later, he wrote again: "I really think it would gratify her if you yourself proposed the name Albert to her". Queen Victoria was mollified by the proposal to name the new baby Albert, and wrote to the Duchess of York: "I am all impatience to see the new one, born on such a sad day but rather more dear to me, especially as he will be called by that dear name which is a byword for all that is great and good". Consequently, he was baptised "Albert Frederick Arthur George" at St. Mary Magdalene's Church near Sandringham three months later.[a] As a great-grandson of Queen Victoria, he was known formally as His Highness Prince Albert of York from birth. Within the family, he was known informally as "Bertie". His maternal grandmother, the Duchess of Teck, did not like the first name the baby had been given, and she wrote prophetically that she hoped the last name "may supplant the less favoured one".

Question: What carried meaning for Victoria?
Answer: to name the new baby Albert

Question: Who suggested that Prince Albert's great-grandson, born on the 34th anniversary of his death, be named after him?
Answer: Prince of Wales

Question: Who disliked naming Prince Albert's great-grandson, born on the 34th anniversary of his death, "Albert"?
Answer: Duchess of Teck

Question: What was a downside to the name Albert?
Answer: His maternal grandmother, the Duchess of Teck, did not like the first name the baby had been given

Question: who wrote to the duchess of york?
Answer: Queen Victoria

Question: who was born on such a sad day?
Answer: Albert Frederick Arthur George

Question: who was known formally as His Highness Prince Albert of York?
Answer: Albert Frederick Arthur George

Question: Who was born on the anniversary of Prince Albert's death?
Answer: Albert Frederick Arthur George

Question: who was a great grandson of Queen Victoria?
Answer: Albert Frederick Arthur George

Question: Why did Albert's name hold sympathetic value?
Answer: His birthday (14 December 1895) was the 34th anniversary of the death of his great-grandfather, Prince Albert

Question: what is the byword for all that is great and good?
Answer: Albert
George_VI

In the words of Labour Member of Parliament George Hardie, the abdication crisis of 1936 did "more for republicanism than fifty years of propaganda". George VI wrote to his brother Edward that in the aftermath of the abdication he had reluctantly assumed "a rocking throne", and tried "to make it steady again". He became king at a point when public faith in the monarchy was at a low ebb. During his reign his people endured the hardships of war, and imperial power was eroded. However, as a dutiful family man and by showing personal courage, he succeeded in restoring the popularity of the monarchy.

Question: What was George's goal after the abdication?
Answer: to make it steady again

Question: What methodology did George VI use to disseminate information to his relative?
Answer: wrote

Question: Why was George popular?
Answer: dutiful family man and by showing personal courage

Question: What happened after the war?
Answer: imperial power was eroded

Question: What was George VI role in the royal family?
Answer: king

Question: What group did not have a high opinion of royalty?
Answer: public

Question: Which George did not become king?
Answer: Hardie

Question: Where does Hardie work?
Answer: Parliament

Question: When did George become king?
Answer: 1936

Question: How did George communicate with his sibling?
Answer: wrote

Question: What was hard for George to do when he became king?
Answer: assumed "a rocking throne", and tried "to make it steady again"

Question: Why did George VI become king?
Answer: abdication

Question: What moniker did George VI use to refer to the state of the monarchy?
Answer: rocking throne

Question: How much faith did people have in George originally?
Answer: low

Question: In what 12 month period did someone give up the throne?
Answer: 1936
George_VI

In February 1918, he was appointed Officer in Charge of Boys at the Royal Naval Air Service's training establishment at Cranwell. With the establishment of the Royal Air Force two months later and the transfer of Cranwell from Navy to Air Force control, he transferred from the Royal Navy to the Royal Air Force. He was appointed Officer Commanding Number 4 Squadron of the Boys' Wing at Cranwell until August 1918, before reporting to the RAF's Cadet School at St Leonards-on-Sea where he completed a fortnight's training and took command of a squadron on the Cadet Wing. He was the first member of the royal family to be certified as a fully qualified pilot. During the closing weeks of the war, he served on the staff of the RAF's Independent Air Force at its headquarters in Nancy, France. Following the disbanding of the Independent Air Force in November 1918, he remained on the Continent for two months as a staff officer with the Royal Air Force until posted back to Britain. He accompanied the Belgian monarch King Albert on his triumphal reentry into Brussels on 22 November. Prince Albert qualified as an RAF pilot on 31 July 1919 and gained a promotion to squadron leader on the following day.

Question: Which happened first, Prince Albert qualified as an RAF pilot or Prince Albert gained a promotion to squadron leader?
Answer: Prince Albert qualified as an RAF pilot

Question: Who did Albert go to Brussels with?
Answer: King Albert

Question: Which happened first, the disbanding of the Independent Air Force or Prince Albert gaining a promotion to squadron leader?
Answer: the disbanding of the Independent Air Force

Question: Which happened first, the triumphal reentry into Brussels by King Albert or Prince Albert qualifying as an RAF pilot?
Answer: triumphal reentry into Brussels

Question: What happened on 1 August 1919?
Answer: promotion to squadron leader

Question: What did he train in for two weeks?
Answer: command of a squadron on the Cadet Wing

Question: Where did Albert complete his training?
Answer: RAF's Cadet School

Question: Which happened first, the disbanding of the Independent Air Force or Prince Albert qualifying as an RAF pilot?
Answer: the disbanding of the Independent Air Force

Question: What did Albert accomplish when he became a pilot?
Answer: first member of the royal family to be certified as a fully qualified pilot

Question: When was Prince Albert in France?
Answer: closing weeks of the war

Question: What happened after June 1919?
Answer: Prince Albert qualified as an RAF pilot on 31 July 1919 and gained a promotion to squadron leader on the following day

Question: What are his pilot qualifications?
Answer: fully qualified

Question: Which happened first, the triumphal reentry into Brussels by King Albert or Prince Albert gaining a promotion to squadron leader?
Answer: triumphal reentry into Brussels

Question: What happened in April of 1918?
Answer: establishment of the Royal Air Force
Korean_War

Meanwhile, on 10 October 1950, the 89th Tank Battalion was attached to the 1st Cavalry Division, increasing the armor available for the Northern Offensive. On 15 October, after moderate KPA resistance, the 7th Cavalry Regiment and Charlie Company, 70th Tank Battalion captured Namchonjam city. On 17 October, they flanked rightwards, away from the principal road (to Pyongyang), to capture Hwangju. Two days later, the 1st Cavalry Division captured Pyongyang, the North's capital city, on 19 October 1950. Kim Il Sung and his government temporarily moved its capital to Sinuiju – although as UNC forces approached, the government again moved – this time to Kanggye.

Question: What city did the government move to after Kanggye?
Answer: Pyongyang

Question: what did the 70th Tank Battalion do two days after they captured Namchonjam city?
Answer: they flanked rightwards, away from the principal road (to Pyongyang), to capture Hwangju

Question: What was the new capital
Answer: Kanggye

Question: What was the UN force called which invaded North Korea?
Answer: the Northern Offensive

Question: what did the 70th Tank Battalion do five days after the 89th Tank Battalion was attached to the 1st Cavalry Division?
Answer: 70th Tank Battalion captured Namchonjam city

Question: what happened five days before Namchonjam city was captured?
Answer: the 89th Tank Battalion was attached to the 1st Cavalry Division

Question: what happened the third day after Hwangju was captured?
Answer: the 1st Cavalry Division captured Pyongyang

Question: Who was ultimately successful in taking the seat of government?
Answer: the 1st Cavalry Division

Question: What city was taken last?
Answer: Pyongyang

Question: What helped the Northern Offensive
Answer: 89th Tank Battalion

Question: Who flanked rightwards
Answer: 70th Tank Battalion

Question: What is the current capital of the DPRK?
Answer: Pyongyang
Korean_War

On 27 June 1950, two days after the KPA invaded and three months before the Chinese entered the war, President Truman dispatched the United States Seventh Fleet to the Taiwan Strait, to prevent hostilities between the Nationalist Republic of China (Taiwan) and the People's Republic of China (PRC). On 4 August 1950, with the PRC invasion of Taiwan aborted, Mao Zedong reported to the Politburo that he would intervene in Korea when the People's Liberation Army's (PLA) Taiwan invasion force was reorganized into the PLA North East Frontier Force. China justified its entry into the war as a response to "American aggression in the guise of the UN".

Question: Which came first, the Chinese entered the war or Truman dispatched the US 7th Fleet?
Answer: President Truman dispatched the United States Seventh Fleet

Question: Which of the following is not the name of a politician: Mao Zedong, Korea, or Truman?
Answer: Korea

Question: Which of the following is not a body of water: the Taiwan Strait or the Politburo?
Answer: the Politburo

Question: Which of the following did not claim to be the legitimate government of China: the Nationalist Republic of China, the United States, or the People's Republic of China?
Answer: the United States

Question: Which happened earlier, the KPA invaded or President Truman dispatched the United States Seventh Fleet to the Taiwan Strait?
Answer: the KPA invaded

Question: Which of the following is not the name of an army: KPA, PLA or PRC?
Answer: PRC

Question: Which happened earlier, Mao Zedong reported to the Politburo or President Truman dispatched the United States Seventh Fleet to the Taiwan Strait?
Answer: President Truman dispatched the United States Seventh Fleet to the Taiwan Strait

Question: Which happened earlier, the Chinese entered the war or President Truman dispatched the United States Seventh Fleet to the Taiwan Strait?
Answer: President Truman dispatched the United States Seventh Fleet to the Taiwan Strait

Question: Which of the following had more people in it: the PRC or the PLA?
Answer: PRC

Question: Which happened earlier, Mao Zedong reported to the Politburo or the Chinese entered the war?
Answer: Mao Zedong reported to the Politburo