UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
Armenians

Following the breakup of the Russian Empire in the aftermath of World War I for a brief period, from 1918 to 1920, Armenia was an independent republic. In late 1920, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in 1922, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet Union, later forming the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1936 to September 21, 1991). In 1991, Armenia declared independence from the USSR and established the second Republic of Armenia.

Question: Before Armenia was part of the Soviet Union, who were they part of?
Answer: Russian Empire

Question: What was Armenia's name in 1956?
Answer: Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

Question: When did Armenians get to choose their own leaders?
Answer: from 1918 to 1920

Question: What army invaded the Armenians?
Answer: Russian

Question: What occurred in the 91st year of the 20th century?
Answer: Armenia declared independence from the USSR and established the second Republic of Armenia

Question: What occurred deep in the 20th year of the 20th century?
Answer: the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army

Question: Who were the communists that came to power?
Answer: Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet Union

Question: What ideology was ASSR trying to break away from?
Answer: communists

Question: What did the Russian Empire later become?
Answer: Soviet Union

Question: What happened to Armenia about 69 years after becoming part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet Union?
Answer: declared independence from the USSR and established the second Republic of Armenia

Question: When did Armenia become independent again?
Answer: 1991

Question: When did Armenia break away from the Russian Federation?
Answer: 1991

Question: What happened to Russia after the first great war?
Answer: breakup

Question: What occurred in the 22nd year of the 20th century?
Answer: Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet Union

Question: What happened to communists about two years before Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet Union?
Answer: came to power

Question: When was Armenia in the SFSR?
Answer: 1936 to September 21, 1991
Armenians

Armenians have had a presence in the Armenian Highland for over four thousand years, since the time when Hayk, the legendary patriarch and founder of the first Armenian nation, led them to victory over Bel of Babylon. Today, with a population of 3.5 million, they not only constitute an overwhelming majority in Armenia, but also in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh. Armenians in the diaspora informally refer to them as Hayastantsis (Հայաստանցի), meaning those that are from Armenia (that is, those born and raised in Armenia). They, as well as the Armenians of Iran and Russia speak the Eastern dialect of the Armenian language. The country itself is secular as a result of Soviet domination, but most of its citizens identify themselves as Apostolic Armenian Christian.

Question: what ethnicity is first mentioned?
Answer: Armenians

Question: What is surprisingly true of Nagorno?
Answer: constitute an overwhelming majority

Question: What do most people of Armenia classify Armenians of  Nargorno-Karabakh?
Answer: Hayastantsis

Question: what area is first mentioned?
Answer: Armenian Highland

Question: What area was being contested by the early Armenians?
Answer: Armenian Highland

Question: Where could you find those born in Armenia milleniums ago?
Answer: Armenian Highland

Question: What is an Armenian?
Answer: those born and raised in Armenia

Question: Where can you find Armenians?
Answer: Armenia, but also in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh

Question: what faith is mentioned last?
Answer: Christian

Question: what ethnicity is mentioned last?
Answer: Armenian

Question: What kind of name is Hayastantsis?
Answer: born and raised in Armenia

Question: what ethnicity is mentioned second to last?
Answer: Soviet
Armenians

From the early 16th century, both Western Armenia and Eastern Armenia fell under Iranian Safavid rule. Owing to the century long Turco-Iranian geo-political rivalry that would last in Western Asia, significant parts of the region were frequently fought over between the two rivalling empires. From the mid 16th century with the Peace of Amasya, and decisively from the first half of the 17th century with the Treaty of Zuhab until the first half of the 19th century, Eastern Armenia was ruled by the successive Iranian Safavid, Afsharid and Qajar empires, while Western Armenia remained under Ottoman rule. In the late 1820s, the parts of historic Armenia under Iranian control centering on Yerevan and Lake Sevan (all of Eastern Armenia) were incorporated into the Russian Empire following Iran's forced ceding of the territories after its loss in the Russo-Persian War (1826-1828) and the outcoming Treaty of Turkmenchay. Western Armenia however, remained in Ottoman hands.

Question: What treaty came after a conflict in the 20s decade?
Answer: Turkmenchay

Question: Who took over Eastern Armenia after a conflict in the 20s decade?
Answer: Russian Empire

Question: What agreement allowed Eastern Armenia to be ruled by Iranian Safavid, Afsharid and Qajar empires before the 17th century?
Answer: Peace of Amasya

Question: Iran was defeated by the?
Answer: Russian Empire

Question: What conflict was fought in the 20s decade?
Answer: Russo-Persian War

Question: Western Armenia was not ceded to what after the Russo-Persian War?
Answer: Russian Empire

Question: Which treaty occurred first, Turkmenchay or Zuhab?
Answer: Zuhab

Question: How many years did Iran fight the Turks?
Answer: century

Question: Which century was the Russo-Persian War?
Answer: 19th

Question: Which occurred first, the Treaty of Zuhab or the Peace of Amasya?
Answer: Peace of Amasya
Armenians

The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became a kingdom. At its zenith (95–65 BC), the state extended from the Caucasus all the way to what is now central Turkey, Lebanon, and northern Iran. The imperial reign of Tigranes the Great is thus the span of time during which Armenia itself conquered areas populated by other peoples.

Question: What areas populated by others did Tigranes the Great rule over?
Answer: from the Caucasus all the way to what is now central Turkey, Lebanon, and northern Iran

Question: What happened during the 500s?
Answer: Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established

Question: What person besides Hecataeus did not rule the Persian empire?
Answer: Tigranes the Great

Question: What happened to Armenia after the late 6th century BC?
Answer: became a kingdom

Question: What ancient group founded by Cyrus the Great resided in what is now modern day Iran and Persia?
Answer: Persian Empire

Question: The entity of Armenia likely reached the Meditarranean Sea after it conquered the region of which modern country?
Answer: Lebanon

Question: An area that is ruled by a monarch, is often referred to as a what?
Answer: kingdom

Question: In what was Armenia originally?
Answer: within the Achaemenid Persian Empire

Question: What criteria is used to decide when Armenia was in its heyday?
Answer: the span of time during which Armenia itself conquered areas populated by other peoples

Question: Which non-human entity contributed to the naming of the country of Armenia?
Answer: Achaemenid Behistun Inscription

Question: What person besides Hecataeus did not rule the Orontid dynasty?
Answer: Tigranes the Great

Question: What was once controlled and then freed?
Answer: Achaemenid Persian Empire

Question: Which individual began their rule starting from 95 BCE?
Answer: Tigranes the Great

Question: What signifies a show of force against others?
Answer: Armenia itself conquered areas populated by other peoples

Question: Which empire founded Armenia?
Answer: the Achaemenid Persian Empire

Question: What was where the middle east is now?
Answer: Orontid dynasty
Crimean_War

The Russians sent a fleet to Sinop in northern Anatolia. In the Battle of Sinop on 30 November 1853 they destroyed a patrol squadron of Ottoman frigates and corvettes while they were anchored in port. Public opinion in the UK and France was outraged and demanded war. Sinop provided the United Kingdom and France with the casus belli ("cause for war") for declaring war against Russia. On 28 March 1854, after Russia ignored an Anglo-French ultimatum to withdraw from the Danubian Principalities, the UK and France formally declared war.

Question: Whose tantrum was ineffectual?
Answer: Anglo-French

Question: The Ottomans, like the Russians, had a?
Answer: fleet

Question: What were France and the UK waiting for to begin the war?
Answer: casus belli ("cause for war")

Question: What did the aggressor do?
Answer: destroyed a patrol squadron

Question: What happened during the incident that instigated the war?
Answer: destroyed a patrol squadron of Ottoman frigates and corvettes while they were anchored in port

Question: The ones who sent a fleet to Sinop in northern Anatolia were opposed by?
Answer: United Kingdom and France

Question: What happened to those who the Russians attacked first?
Answer: destroyed

Question: What resulted from the attack?
Answer: Public opinion in the UK and France was outraged and demanded war

Question: The ones who sent a fleet to Sinop in northern Anatolia provided?
Answer: cause for war

Question: What did Europe want?
Answer: Public opinion in the UK and France was outraged and demanded war

Question: Where were Russian soldiers when war was declared?
Answer: Danubian Principalities
Crimean_War

Napoleon III responded with a show of force, sending the ship of the line Charlemagne to the Black Sea. This action was a violation of the London Straits Convention.:104:19 Thus, France's show of force presented a real threat, and when combined with aggressive diplomacy and money, induced the Ottoman Sultan Abdülmecid I to accept a new treaty, confirming France and the Roman Catholic Church as the supreme Christian authority with control over the Roman Catholic holy places and possession of the keys to the Church of the Nativity, previously held by the Greek Orthodox Church.:20

Question: Who held the keys to the Church of the Nativity later, the Greek Orthodox Church or the Roman Catholic Church?
Answer: Roman Catholic Church

Question: What did Napoleon's rash decision ultimately cause?
Answer: induced the Ottoman Sultan Abdülmecid I to accept a new treaty

Question: Which ruler did NOT use the title Sultan?
Answer: Napoleon III

Question: Besides sending a ship to the Black Sea, what else prompted the creating of the treaty confirming that France and the Roman Catholic Church would be the supreme Christian authority?
Answer: aggressive diplomacy and money

Question: What shows that Napoleon made rash choices?
Answer: This action was a violation of the London Straits Convention

Question: What gave the France's show of force power?
Answer: Napoleon III responded with a show of force, sending the ship of the line Charlemagne to the Black Sea. This action was a violation of the London Straits Convention

Question: Why might have Greece been upset about France's involvement?
Answer: confirming France and the Roman Catholic Church as the supreme Christian authority with control over the Roman Catholic holy places and possession of the keys to the Church of the Nativity, previously held by the Greek Orthodox Church.:20

Question: What first prompted the new treaty that confirmed France and the Roman Catholic Church as the supreme Christian authority?
Answer: Napoleon III responded with a show of force, sending the ship of the line Charlemagne to the Black Sea

Question: What type of things were in the line Charlemagne?
Answer: ship

Question: Who had supreme Christian authority prior to the treaty agreed to by the Ottoman Sultan Abdulmecid I?
Answer: the Greek Orthodox Church

Question: What country violated the London Straits Convention?
Answer: France
Crimean_War

For months each side had been building forward rifle pits and defensive positions, which resulted in many skirmishes. Artillery fire aiming to gain superiority over the enemy guns.:450–462 September saw the final assault. On 5 September, another French bombardment (the sixth) was followed by an assault by the French Army on 8 September resulting in the capture of the Malakoff by the French, and following their failure to retake it, the collapse of the Russian defences. Meanwhile, the British captured the Great Redan, just south of the city of Sevastopol. The Russians retreated to the north, blowing up their magazines and the city fell on 9 September 1855 after a 337-day-long siege.:106

Question: What kind of positions were the Russians taking during these bombardments??
Answer: defensive

Question: How many bombardments had the French made by September 5th?
Answer: (the sixth)

Question: What's occurred since then?
Answer: resulted in many skirmishes

Question: What was the status of Sevastopol until the French bombardments?
Answer: siege

Question: Who tried to regain control of the Malakoff?
Answer: the Russian defences

Question: What was used to weaken positions?
Answer: Artillery fire

Question: What country fought with the French?
Answer: the British

Question: On what date was the final assault?
Answer: 9 September 1855

Question: How did the battle end?
Answer: The Russians retreated to the north, blowing up their magazines

Question: Where was the British Army?
Answer: just south of the city of Sevastopol

Question: How many bombardments had the french made before September?
Answer: 5

Question: What caused the collapse of the Russian defenses?
Answer: failure to retake it

Question: How long was the battle?
Answer: 337-day-long
Crimean_War

The Crimean War marked the ascendancy of France to the position of pre-eminent power on the Continent,:411 the continued decline of the Ottoman Empire, and the beginning of a decline for Tsarist Russia. As Fuller notes, "Russia had been beaten on the Crimean peninsula, and the military feared that it would inevitably be beaten again unless steps were taken to surmount its military weakness." The Crimean War marks the demise of the Concert of Europe, the balance of power that had dominated Europe since the Congress of Vienna in 1815, and which had included France, Russia, Austria and the United Kingdom.

Question: How did the war affect the defeated party?
Answer: Russia had been beaten on the Crimean peninsula, and the military feared that it would inevitably be beaten again unless steps were taken to surmount its military weakness

Question: Which strong group of  power came crumbling as a result of the war?
Answer: the Concert of Europe

Question: What controlled politics in the continent beforehand?
Answer: the Concert of Europe

Question: Which event signaled the beginning of rule for the Concert of Europe?
Answer: the Congress of Vienna

Question: What major era ended?
Answer: The Crimean War marks the demise of the Concert of Europe, the balance of power that had dominated Europe since the Congress of Vienna in 1815, and which had included France, Russia, Austria and the United Kingdom

Question: What did France gain from the war?
Answer: the position of pre-eminent power on the Continent

Question: Which of the following powers was NOT declining during the Crimean War: France, Russia or the Ottoman Empire?
Answer: France

Question: What altered in history following the war?
Answer: the ascendancy of France to the position of pre-eminent power on the Continent

Question: What empire began to show cracks?
Answer: Tsarist Russia

Question: While the French were rising, who was falling?
Answer: the Ottoman Empire, and the beginning of a decline for Tsarist Russia

Question: What did Russia believe to be a large source of failure?
Answer: military weakness

Question: Which nation was NOT included in the Conert of Europe?
Answer: Ottoman Empire

Question: Which came later, the Congress of Vienna or the Crimean War?
Answer: Crimean War
Crimean_War

Following the Ottoman ultimatum in September 1853, forces under the Ottoman general Omar Pasha crossed the Danube at Vidin and captured Calafat in October 1853. Simultaneously, in the east, the Ottomans crossed the Danube at Silistra and attacked the Russians at Oltenița. The resulting Battle of Oltenița was the first engagement following the declaration of war. The Russians counterattacked, but were beaten back. On 31 December 1853, the Ottoman forces at Calafat moved against the Russian force at Chetatea or Cetate, a small village nine miles north of Calafat, and engaged them on 6 January 1854. The battle began when the Russians made a move to recapture Calafat. Most of the heavy fighting, however, took place in and around Chetatea until the Russians were driven out of the village. Despite the setback at Chetatea, on 28 January 1854, Russian forces laid siege to Calafat. The siege would continue until May 1854 when the Russians lifted the siege. The Ottomans would also later beat the Russians in battle at Caracal.:130–43

Question: Which event happened later, Russian forces laying siege to Calafat or the Ottomans beating the Russians in battle at Caracal?
Answer: battle at Caracal

Question: Who did Pasha want to defeat?
Answer: Russians

Question: Which event took place first, the Battle of Oltenita or the capturing of Calafat?
Answer: captured Calafat

Question: Did the Ottomans cross the Danube at Silistra first or at Vidin first?
Answer: Following

Question: Where did most of the 1854 battle between the Ottoman and Russian forces occur?
Answer: Chetatea

Question: After which event did Ottoman forces capture Calafat?
Answer: the Ottoman ultimatum in September 1853

Question: Where in the east did the Ottomans begin war against the Russians?
Answer: Oltenița

Question: Who led the enemies of Pasha?
Answer: Russians

Question: Where did the enemies of the Ottoman first meet them?
Answer: Oltenița

Question: Why did the Ottoman forces attack the Russian forces nine miles north of Calafat?
Answer: the Russians made a move to recapture Calafat

Question: Which battle took place after the other, the Ottomans beating the Russians at Caracal or the Battle of Oltenital?
Answer: battle at Caracal

Question: Who captured Calafat first, the Russians or Ottomans?
Answer: Ottomans

Question: Where did the Ottomans beat the Russians for a second time?
Answer: Caracal
Crimean_War

For over 200 years, Russia had been expanding southwards across the sparsely populated "Wild Fields" toward the warm water ports of the Black Sea that did not freeze over like the handful of other ports available in the north. The goal was to promote year-round trade and a year-round navy.:11 Pursuit of this goal brought the emerging Russian state into conflict with the Ukrainian Cossacks and then with the Tatars of the Crimean Khanate and Circassians. When Russia conquered these groups and gained possession of southern Ukraine, known as New Russia during Russian imperial times, the Ottoman Empire lost its buffer zone against Russian expansion, and Russia and the Ottoman Empire fell into direct conflict. The conflict with the Ottoman Empire also presented a religious issue of importance, as Russia saw itself as the protector of Orthodox Christians, many of whom lived under Ottoman control and were treated as second-class citizens.(ch 1)

Question: What previously acted as a buffer for the Ottomans?
Answer: southern Ukraine

Question: The Black Sea is what of Russia?
Answer: southwards

Question: Southern water was desirable unlike the water in the?
Answer: north

Question: Northern water would?
Answer: freeze

Question: __ converted to Islam in the 17th century.
Answer: Circassians

Question: __ traditionally had several castes, until Russia invaded.
Answer: Circassians

Question: Why would a military power want access to warm water?
Answer: year-round navy

Question: Many __ are Sunni Muslim.
Answer: Circassians

Question: What would benefit Russia in conflict upon reaching the Warmer water?
Answer: year-round navy
Crimean_War

Sevastopol fell after eleven months, and formerly neutral countries began to join the allied cause. Isolated and facing a bleak prospect of invasion from the west if the war continued, Russia sued for peace in March 1856. This was welcomed by France and the UK, where the citizens began to turn against their governments as the war dragged on. The war was officially ended by the Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 March 1856. Russia lost the war, and was forbidden from hosting warships in the Black Sea. The Ottoman vassal states of Wallachia and Moldavia became largely independent. Christians were granted a degree of official equality, and the Orthodox church regained control of the Christian churches in dispute.:415

Question: what is the first time span mentioned?
Answer: eleven months

Question: What colour is referred to in the Black Sea?
Answer: Black

Question: what is the last faith mentioned?
Answer: Christian

Question: What were France and the UK?
Answer: allied

Question: What could Russia not do, due to losing the war?
Answer: The war was officially ended by the Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 March 1856. Russia lost the war, and was forbidden from hosting warships in the Black Sea

Question: what is the first period in time mentioned?
Answer: March 1856

Question: The Treaty of Paris put a stop to?
Answer: The war

Question: What ended the war?
Answer: This was welcomed by France and the UK, where the citizens began to turn against their governments as the war dragged on. The war was officially ended by the Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 March 1856

Question: what is the first place mentioned?
Answer: Sevastopol

Question: What city is referred to in the Treaty of Paris?
Answer: Paris

Question: what is the second to last faith mentioned?
Answer: Orthodox

Question: What came as a result of Russia's ban?
Answer: Wallachia and Moldavia became largely independent

Question: Where do Christians assemble to play?
Answer: church

Question: How long did it take for the neutral countries to join the allied cause?
Answer: after eleven months, and formerly neutral countries began to join the allied cause

Question: Christians were subject to the power of?
Answer: the Orthodox church
Crimean_War

The Allies had had time to consider the problem. The French being brought around to agree that the key to the defence was the Malakoff.:441 Emphasis of the siege at Sevastopol shifted to the British left, against the fortifications on Malakoff hill.:339 In March, there was fighting by the French over a new fort being built by the Russians at Mamelon, located on a hill in front of the Malakoff. Several weeks of fighting saw little change in the front line, and the Mamelon remained in Russian hands.

Question: What do soldiers do in a line?
Answer: March

Question: Who did not succeed at Mamelon?
Answer: French

Question: What is a watch used to tell?
Answer: time

Question: Which side were the French on?
Answer: Allies

Question: Who was on the opposite side to the French?
Answer: Russians

Question: What is needed to unlock a door?
Answer: key