UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
Universal_Studios

Matsushita provided a cash infusion, but the clash of cultures was too great to overcome, and five years later Matsushita sold an 80% stake in MCA/Universal to Canadian drinks distributor Seagram for $5.7 billion. Seagram sold off its stake in DuPont to fund this expansion into the entertainment industry. Hoping to build an entertainment empire around Universal, Seagram bought PolyGram in 1999 and other entertainment properties, but the fluctuating profits characteristic of Hollywood were no substitute for the reliable income stream gained from the previously held shares in DuPont.

Question: How much of the company did Matsushita sell?
Answer: 80%

Question: Universal's parent company purchased Universal from whom?
Answer: Matsushita

Question: What does Universal's parent company also do?
Answer: drinks distributor

Question: Which of the following is not a company: DuPont, Hollywood or Seagram?
Answer: Hollywood

Question: What company did Universal's parent company formerly own that was much more stable?
Answer: DuPont

Question: What was a tradeoff to be able to swing the  80% stake?
Answer: Seagram sold off its stake in DuPont to fund this expansion into the entertainment industry

Question: What problems did Matsushita have?
Answer: cultures

Question: Which industry provided a less predictable source of income?
Answer: entertainment

Question: What did different beliefs lead to?
Answer: Matsushita sold an 80% stake

Question: What was a regret the wanna be of the wanna be entertainment company?
Answer: sold off its stake in DuPont

Question: Who else did Universal's parent company purchase?
Answer: PolyGram

Question: Which of the following had a culture most dissimilar from the other two: Matsushita, MCA/Universal or Seagram?
Answer: Matsushita

Question: Why did Universal's former parent company let go of them?
Answer: the clash of cultures was too great to overcome

Question: What did Seagram buy before 1999?
Answer: 80% stake in MCA/Universal
Universal_Studios

In 1926, Universal opened a production unit in Germany, Deutsche Universal-Film AG, under the direction of Joe Pasternak. This unit produced three to four films per year until 1936, migrating to Hungary and then Austria in the face of Hitler's increasing domination of central Europe. With the advent of sound, these productions were made in the German language or, occasionally, Hungarian or Polish. In the U.S., Universal Pictures did not distribute any of this subsidiary's films, but at least some of them were exhibited through other, independent, foreign-language film distributors based in New York, without benefit of English subtitles. Nazi persecution and a change in ownership for the parent Universal Pictures organization resulted in the dissolution of this subsidiary.

Question: Who refused to participate?
Answer: Universal Pictures

Question: What allowed the language to be a factor?
Answer: the advent of sound

Question: What caused the location change?
Answer: Hitler's increasing domination of central Europe

Question: How were the films able to be seen?
Answer: through other, independent, foreign-language film distributors

Question: __ diverged from its Ugric relatives in the first half of the 1st millennium BC
Answer: Hungarian

Question: Where was the second place the production unit was located?
Answer: Hungary

Question: __ was first written down in the 10th century.
Answer: Hungarian

Question: What determined the end?
Answer: Nazi persecution and a change in ownership

Question: __ has 13 million speakers
Answer: Hungarian
Universal_Studios

As Universal's main product had always been low-budget film, it was one of the last major studios to have a contract with Technicolor. The studio did not make use of the three-strip Technicolor process until Arabian Nights (1942), starring Jon Hall and Maria Montez. The following year, Technicolor was also used in Universal's remake of their 1925 horror melodrama, Phantom of the Opera with Claude Rains and Nelson Eddy. With the success of their first two pictures, a regular schedule of high-budget, Technicolor films followed.

Question: Who made the movie Nelson Eddy was in?
Answer: Universal

Question: Who made the movie Maria Montez acted in?
Answer: Universal

Question: How did the studio adapt?
Answer: With the success of their first two pictures, a regular schedule of high-budget, Technicolor films followed

Question: What was a difference in the production?
Answer: The studio did not make use of the three-strip Technicolor process until Arabian Nights

Question: How did the studio adapt to the changing technology?
Answer: it was one of the last major studios to have a contract with Technicolor

Question: Who made the movie John Hall was in?
Answer: Universal

Question: Who had success in their first two movies?
Answer: Universal

Question: What made Universal Pictures start producing high budget films?
Answer: the success of their first two pictures

Question: Who hired Claude Rains to act?
Answer: Universal

Question: When did the studio adapt?
Answer: The following year

Question: What was an early concern of the studio?
Answer: Universal's main product had always been low-budget film
Universal_Studios

As of 2015, Universal is the only studio to have released three billion-dollar films in one year; this distinction was achieved in 2015 with Furious 7, Jurassic World and Minions.

Question: At least how many movies are in the Furious series?
Answer: 7

Question: Furious 7 earned what?
Answer: billion-dollar

Question: Which is the only movie with a single word or number in its title to be released in 2015 and make at least one billion dollars?
Answer: Minions

Question: Jurassic World earned?
Answer: billion-dollar

Question: Minions is a?
Answer: billion-dollar films

Question: Which is the only movie with two words and no numbers in its title to be released in 2015 and make at least one billion dollars?
Answer: Jurassic World
Universal_Studios

The long-awaited takeover of Universal Pictures by MCA, Inc. happened in mid-1962 as part of the MCA-Decca Records merger. The company reverted in name to Universal Pictures. As a final gesture before leaving the talent agency business, virtually every MCA client was signed to a Universal contract. In 1964 MCA formed Universal City Studios, Inc., merging the motion pictures and television arms of Universal Pictures Company and Revue Productions (officially renamed as Universal Television in 1966). And so, with MCA in charge, Universal became a full-blown, A-film movie studio, with leading actors and directors under contract; offering slick, commercial films; and a studio tour subsidiary launched in 1964. Television production made up much of the studio's output, with Universal heavily committed, in particular, to deals with NBC (which later merged with Universal to form NBC Universal; see below) providing up to half of all prime time shows for several seasons. An innovation during this period championed by Universal was the made-for-television movie.

Question: In which year did Universal NOT have an A-film movie studio?
Answer: 1962

Question: Who was Universal's biggest customer?
Answer: NBC

Question: What was Universal Television's starting name?
Answer: Universal Pictures by MCA, Inc

Question: Before NBC Universal existed, which party really worked towards it becoming a thing?
Answer: Universal

Question: Which company was renamed in 1966?
Answer: Revue Productions

Question: What occurred in the 64th year of the 20th century?
Answer: MCA formed Universal City Studios

Question: How did Universal become officially a movie studio?
Answer: MCA in charge

Question: Why was everyone signing up for a contract with Universal?
Answer: As a final gesture

Question: What occurred in the 62nd year of the 20th century?
Answer: The long-awaited takeover of Universal Pictures by MCA

Question: Universal Television did not exist in what year?
Answer: 1962
Mosaic

The single most important piece of Byzantine Christian mosaic art in the East is the Madaba Map, made between 542 and 570 as the floor of the church of Saint George at Madaba, Jordan. It was rediscovered in 1894. The Madaba Map is the oldest surviving cartographic depiction of the Holy Land. It depicts an area from Lebanon in the north to the Nile Delta in the south, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the west to the Eastern Desert. The largest and most detailed element of the topographic depiction is Jerusalem, at the center of the map. The map is enriched with many naturalistic features, like animals, fishing boats, bridges and palm trees

Question: What area has prominence in the Madaba Map?
Answer: Jerusalem

Question: What kind of floor does the church in Madaba have?
Answer: mosaic

Question: What region does the Madaba Map show?
Answer: the Holy Land

Question: What is the central feature of the Madaba Map?
Answer: Jerusalem

Question: How can you drive over the ocean?
Answer: bridges

Question: What man-made structures are depicted in the Madaba Map
Answer: fishing boats, bridges

Question: What happened after almost 1300 years and how was it displayed?
Answer: the Madaba Map, made between 542 and 570 as the floor of the church of Saint George at Madaba, Jordan. It was rediscovered

Question: Where in the church was the Madaba Map located
Answer: the floor

Question: Besides the Holy Lands, what else is depicted on the mosaic?
Answer: many naturalistic features, like animals, fishing boats, bridges and palm trees

Question: What distance does the Madaba Map cover?
Answer: Lebanon in the north to the Nile Delta in the south

Question: What long, flowing  body of water is on the map?
Answer: Nile

Question: When was the art started on the floor of the church?
Answer: 542

Question: What salty formation is on the map?
Answer: Mediterranean Sea
Mosaic

The last great period of Roman mosaic art was the 12th–13th century when Rome developed its own distinctive artistic style, free from the strict rules of eastern tradition and with a more realistic portrayal of figures in the space. Well-known works of this period are the floral mosaics of the Basilica di San Clemente, the façade of Santa Maria in Trastevere and San Paolo fuori le Mura. The beautiful apse mosaic of Santa Maria in Trastevere (1140) depicts Christ and Mary sitting next to each other on the heavenly throne, the first example of this iconographic scheme. A similar mosaic, the Coronation of the Virgin, decorates the apse of Santa Maria Maggiore. It is a work of Jacopo Torriti from 1295. The mosaics of Torriti and Jacopo da Camerino in the apse of San Giovanni in Laterano from 1288–94 were thoroughly restored in 1884. The apse mosaic of San Crisogono is attributed to Pietro Cavallini, the greatest Roman painter of the 13th century. Six scenes from the life of Mary in Santa Maria in Trastevere were also executed by Cavallini in 1290. These mosaics are praised for their realistic portrayal and attempts of perspective. There is an interesting mosaic medaillon from 1210 above the gate of the church of San Tommaso in Formis showing Christ enthroned between a white and a black slave. The church belonged to the Order of the Trinitarians which was devoted to ransoming Christian slaves.

Question: Where in the church is the Coronation of the Virgin located?
Answer: the apse

Question: What is the name of a work back in the mosaic art period that portraits a saint and his mother?
Answer: mosaic of Santa Maria

Question: What was the church of San Tommaso  in Formis which has a mosaic medallion for?
Answer: ransoming Christian slaves

Question: What did Roman mosaic art look like in the 12th and 13th century?
Answer: realistic portrayal of figures in the space

Question: What characteristic set Pietro's paintings aside from other artists back in the great period of Roman mosaic art?
Answer: their realistic portrayal and attempts of perspective

Question: What kind of piece from 1140 depicts Christ and Mary?
Answer: mosaic

Question: Who helped save followers of Christ who were detained?
Answer: The church

Question: What work in the last great period of Roman mosaic is similar to the one of Christ with his mother?
Answer: Coronation of the Virgin

Question: How is the piece from 1140 described?
Answer: beautiful
Mosaic

In the following century Ravenna, the capital of the Western Roman Empire, became the center of late Roman mosaic art (see details in Ravenna section). Milan also served as the capital of the western empire in the 4th century. In the St Aquilinus Chapel of the Basilica of San Lorenzo, mosaics executed in the late 4th and early 5th centuries depict Christ with the Apostles and the Abduction of Elijah; these mosaics are outstanding for their bright colors, naturalism and adherence to the classical canons of order and proportion. The surviving apse mosaic of the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio, which shows Christ enthroned between Saint Gervasius and Saint Protasius and angels before a golden background date back to the 5th and to the 8th century, although it was restored many times later. The baptistery of the basilica, which was demolished in the 15th century, had a vault covered with gold-leaf tesserae, large quantities of which were found when the site was excavated. In the small shrine of San Vittore in ciel d'oro, now a chapel of Sant'Ambrogio, every surface is covered with mosaics from the second half of the 5th century. Saint Victor is depicted in the center of the golden dome, while figures of saints are shown on the walls before a blue background. The low spandrels give space for the symbols of the four Evangelists.

Question: What is Milan?
Answer: capital

Question: In the present day, to what place of worship does the San Vittore shrine belong?
Answer: Sant'Ambrogio

Question: Christ has been shown with saints apostles, and?
Answer: angels

Question: Saint Victor is in something with a color that is also present in the?
Answer: Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio

Question: Besides mosaics, what artifacts did excavators finds in a portion of the Basilica of SantAbrogio that no longer stands?
Answer: gold-leaf tesserae

Question: What is St Aquilinus Chapel?
Answer: Chapel

Question: A mosaic is an example of?
Answer: art

Question: What is the Basilica of San Lorenzo?
Answer: Basilica

Question: The baptism portion of the Basilisa of SantAmbrogio met its end during what era?
Answer: 15th century

Question: In the St Aquilinus Chapel, which figure is painted with vibrant colors and naturalism other than Jesus with his followers?
Answer: Elijah

Question: Who is the St Aquilinus Chapel named after?
Answer: St Aquilinus

Question: Who is the Basilica of San Lorenzo named after?
Answer: San Lorenzo

Question: What city became a secondary capital of the Western Roman Empire?
Answer: Milan
Mosaic

A tile mosaic is a digital image made up of individual tiles, arranged in a non-overlapping fashion, e.g. to make a static image on a shower room or bathing pool floor, by breaking the image down into square pixels formed from ceramic tiles (a typical size is 1 in × 1 in (25 mm × 25 mm), as for example, on the floor of the University of Toronto pool, though sometimes larger tiles such as 2 in × 2 in (51 mm × 51 mm) are used). These digital images are coarse in resolution and often simply express text, such as the depth of the pool in various places, but some such digital images are used to show a sunset or other beach theme.

Question: What do these projections usually show?
Answer: depth of the pool

Question: If a tile is 1 inch, what size will the next tile be?
Answer: 1 in

Question: Since tile mosaics are made of little squares, the amount of detail they have is often?
Answer: coarse in resolution

Question: What are bigger squares used for?
Answer: express text

Question: What kind of tiles are used for projecting these images?
Answer: ceramic

Question: A tile mosaic appears in a pool at?
Answer: the University of Toronto

Question: What is important in order to make a clear picture?
Answer: arranged in a non-overlapping fashion

Question: Why would it be hard to make an extremely detailed image from the tiles?
Answer: These digital images are coarse in resolution

Question: A tile mosaic is composed of what shapes?
Answer: square pixels

Question: What kind of images are often projected onto floors?
Answer: sunset or other beach theme
Mosaic

With the building of Christian basilicas in the late 4th century, wall and ceiling mosaics were adopted for Christian uses. The earliest examples of Christian basilicas have not survived, but the mosaics of Santa Constanza and Santa Pudenziana, both from the 4th century, still exist. The winemaking putti in the ambulatory of Santa Constanza still follow the classical tradition in that they represent the feast of Bacchus, which symbolizes transformation or change, and are thus appropriate for a mausoleum, the original function of this building. In another great Constantinian basilica, the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem the original mosaic floor with typical Roman geometric motifs is partially preserved. The so-called Tomb of the Julii, near the crypt beneath St Peter's Basilica, is a 4th-century vaulted tomb with wall and ceiling mosaics that are given Christian interpretations. The Rotunda of Galerius in Thessaloniki, converted into a Christian church during the course of the 4th century, was embellished with very high artistic quality mosaics. Only fragments survive of the original decoration, especially a band depicting saints with hands raised in prayer, in front of complex architectural fantasies.

Question: Which of the following people was canonized: Bacchus, Constanza or Galerius?
Answer: Constanza

Question: What happened to Santa Constanza?
Answer: still exist

Question: What happened to Santa Pudenziana?
Answer: The Rotunda of Galerius in Thessaloniki

Question: What quantity of the mosaics Thessaloniki are still around?
Answer: fragments

Question: What were basilicas used for in the beginning?
Answer: mausoleum

Question: Which of the following is not used to hold dead people: a mausoleum, a crypt or a rotunda?
Answer: Rotunda

Question: What does the Rotunda of Galerius picture?
Answer: a band depicting saints with hands raised in prayer

Question: What was Santa Costanza later used for?
Answer: Rotunda of Galerius

Question: What incarnation does the winemaking putti of Santa Constanza maintain?
Answer: classical

Question: Which pieces of the mosaics in Thessaloniki remain?
Answer: a band depicting saints with hands raised in prayer

Question: What was Santa Costanza first used for?
Answer: mausoleum

Question: Which of the following is a Christian figure: St. Peter, Bacchus, or the Julii?
Answer: St Peter

Question: What became of the first basilicas?
Answer: not survived
Mosaic

The great Navicella mosaic (1305–1313) in the atrium of the Old St. Peter's is attributed to Giotto di Bondone. The giant mosaic, commissioned by Cardinal Jacopo Stefaneschi, was originally situated on the eastern porch of the old basilica and occupied the whole wall above the entrance arcade facing the courtyard. It depicted St. Peter walking on the waters. This extraordinary work was mainly destroyed during the construction of the new St. Peter's in the 17th century. Navicella means "little ship" referring to the large boat which dominated the scene, and whose sail, filled by the storm, loomed over the horizon. Such a natural representation of a seascape was known only from ancient works of art.

Question: What was naturally represented in the mosaic?
Answer: a seascape

Question: The Latin word arcus, was then used for what architectural term that describes a succession of contigous arches supported by columns?
Answer: arcade

Question: Why was the mosaic named Navicella?
Answer: Navicella means "little ship" referring to the large boat which dominated the scene

Question: What person was featured in the mosaic?
Answer: St. Peter

Question: Who was the author of Opus Metricum?
Answer: Jacopo Stefaneschi

Question: A picture or pattern made from the arrangement of small color pieces, such as tile or glass is called a?
Answer: mosaic

Question: What happened to the mosaic?
Answer: was mainly destroyed during the construction of the new St. Peter's in the 17th century

Question: Exactly how big was the mosaic?
Answer: occupied the whole wall above the entrance arcade facing the courtyard

Question: What was said about the boat in the mosaic?
Answer: whose sail, filled by the storm, loomed over the horizon

Question: What word was originally used in Latin to refer to an ancient Roman public building where courts were held?
Answer: basilica

Question: What did Stefaneschi order?
Answer: The great Navicella mosaic

Question: In what year was the great Navicella mosaic, that was later destroyed during the construction of new St. Peters, created?
Answer: 1305

Question: What was the main object in the mosaic?
Answer: large boat

Question: How did the mosaic help history?
Answer: Such a natural representation of a seascape was known only from ancient works of art
Mosaic

The indirect method of applying tesserae is often used for very large projects, projects with repetitive elements or for areas needing site specific shapes. Tiles are applied face-down to a backing paper using an adhesive, and later transferred onto walls, floors or craft projects. This method is most useful for extremely large projects as it gives the maker time to rework areas, allows the cementing of the tiles to the backing panel to be carried out quickly in one operation and helps ensure that the front surfaces of the mosaic tiles and mosaic pieces are flat and in the same plane on the front, even when using tiles and pieces of differing thicknesses. Mosaic murals, benches and tabletops are some of the items usually made using the indirect method, as it results in a smoother and more even surface.

Question: What allows mosaic murals to maintain an even surface?
Answer: applying tesserae

Question: What are tesserae?
Answer: Tiles

Question: Why would an indriect methods be a preference on some furniture?
Answer: results in a smoother and more even surface

Question: What additional material is needed when using the indirect method?
Answer: backing paper

Question: What helps mosaic benches remain free of bumps?
Answer: applying tesserae

Question: What does the indirect method allow artists to do?
Answer: rework areas, allows the cementing of the tiles to the backing panel to be carried out quickly in one operation and helps ensure that the front surfaces of the mosaic tiles and mosaic pieces are flat and in the same plane on the front

Question: What allows more than one mosaic tile to be placed at a time?
Answer: tesserae

Question: How would tesserae be added in uniuely shaped furniture?
Answer: The indirect method

Question: How some the indirect method unify tiles?
Answer: helps ensure that the front surfaces of the mosaic tiles and mosaic pieces are flat

Question: How do face down tiles get fastened
Answer: using an adhesive

Question: What vertical surface is sometimes adorned with tesserae?
Answer: walls

Question: What allows mosaic tabletops to have a smooth surface?
Answer: applying tesserae

Question: How would a facedown tile beenfit a project?
Answer: gives the maker time to rework areas