UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
War_on_Terror

Political interest groups have stated that these laws remove important restrictions on governmental authority, and are a dangerous encroachment on civil liberties, possible unconstitutional violations of the Fourth Amendment. On 30 July 2003, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) filed the first legal challenge against Section 215 of the Patriot Act, claiming that it allows the FBI to violate a citizen's First Amendment rights, Fourth Amendment rights, and right to due process, by granting the government the right to search a person's business, bookstore, and library records in a terrorist investigation, without disclosing to the individual that records were being searched. Also, governing bodies in a number of communities have passed symbolic resolutions against the act.

Question: What's the word that is used in a different sense here than its other meaning, polite?
Answer: civil

Question: What talks about people being secure in their persons?
Answer: Fourth Amendment

Question: Who filed a lawsuit in the same month as Independence Day?
Answer: ACLU

Question: Which amendment is mentioned: first, second or third?
Answer: First

Question: Where do you check things out with a card?
Answer: library
War_on_Terror

In 2002, the Musharraf-led government took a firm stand against the jihadi organizations and groups promoting extremism, and arrested Maulana Masood Azhar, head of the Jaish-e-Mohammed, and Hafiz Muhammad Saeed, chief of the Lashkar-e-Taiba, and took dozens of activists into custody. An official ban was imposed on the groups on 12 January. Later that year, the Saudi born Zayn al-Abidn Muhammed Hasayn Abu Zubaydah was arrested by Pakistani officials during a series of joint U.S.-Pakistan raids. Zubaydah is said to have been a high-ranking al-Qaeda official with the title of operations chief and in charge of running al-Qaeda training camps. Other prominent al-Qaeda members were arrested in the following two years, namely Ramzi bin al-Shibh, who is known to have been a financial backer of al-Qaeda operations, and Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, who at the time of his capture was the third highest-ranking official in al-Qaeda and had been directly in charge of the planning for the 11 September attacks.

Question: Which other al-Qaeda members were captured?
Answer: Ramzi bin al-Shibh, who is known to have been a financial backer of al-Qaeda operations, and Khalid Sheikh Mohammed

Question: Who arrested the chief of the Lashkar-e-Taiba?
Answer: Musharraf-led government

Question: What country helped Pakistan out?
Answer: U.S

Question: Who took activists into custody?
Answer: Musharraf-led government

Question: Which countries helped get Zubaydah?
Answer: U.S.-Pakistan

Question: Who got arrested after Jaish-e-Mohammed?
Answer: Zayn al-Abidn Muhammed Hasayn Abu Zubaydah

Question: What was Musharraf led stance on extremism?
Answer: against

Question: What kind of official was operations chief considered and what were their responsibilities?
Answer: a high-ranking al-Qaeda official with the title of operations chief and in charge of running al-Qaeda training camps

Question: What other members were arrested in the next two years, what were their ranks and what crimes did they commit?
Answer: namely Ramzi bin al-Shibh, who is known to have been a financial backer of al-Qaeda operations, and Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, who at the time of his capture was the third highest-ranking official in al-Qaeda and had been directly in charge of the planning for the 11 September attacks

Question: Before Zayn al-Abidn Muhammed Hasayn Abu Zubadayah was arrested what happened?
Answer: An official ban

Question: Who arrested the head of Jaish-e-Mohammed?
Answer: Musharraf-led government

Question: When did the government take a stand against extremism groups in terms of a new law?
Answer: 12 January
Royal_Dutch_Shell

In April 2010, Shell announced its intention to divest from downstream business of all African countries except South Africa and Egypt to Vitol and "Helios". In several countries such as Tunisia, protests and strikes broke out. Shell denied rumours of the sellout. Shell continues however upstream activities/extracting crude oil in the oil-rich Niger Delta as well as downstream/commercial activities in South Africa. In June 2013, the company announced a strategic review of its operations in Nigeria, hinting that assets could be divested. In August 2014, the company disclosed it was in the process of finalizing the sale of its interests in four Nigerian oil fields.

Question: What happened seven years ago?
Answer: the company announced a strategic review of its operations in Nigeria

Question: Which of these is not a country: South Africa, Egypt, or Vitol?
Answer: Vitol

Question: The __ capital is Abuja.
Answer: Nigerian

Question: Shell was lowering its involvement in?
Answer: African countries

Question: People reacted to news about the intention to divest from downstream business with?
Answer: protests and strikes

Question: What happened six years ago?
Answer: the company disclosed it was in the process of finalizing the sale of its interests in four Nigerian oil fields

Question: The Nok civilisation of Northern __ flourished between 1,500 BC and AD 200.
Answer: Nigeria

Question: Africa has a lot of?
Answer: oil

Question: __ is often referred to as the "Giant of Africa"
Answer: Nigeria
Royal_Dutch_Shell

On 27 August 2007, Royal Dutch Shell and Reitan Group, the owner of the 7-Eleven brand in Scandinavia, announced an agreement to re-brand some 269 service stations across Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark, subject to obtaining regulatory approvals under the different competition laws in each country. On April 2010 Shell announced that the corporation is in process of trying to find a potential buyer for all of its operations in Finland and is doing similar market research concerning Swedish operations. On October 2010 Shell's gas stations and the heavy vehicle fuel supply networks in Finland and Sweden, along with a refinery located in Gothenburg, Sweden were sold to St1, a Finnish energy company, more precisely to its major shareholding parent company Keele Oy. Shell branded gas stations will be rebranded within maximum of five years from the acquisition and the number of gas stations is likely to be reduced. Until then the stations will operate under Shell brand licence.

Question: Where is the fuel processed?
Answer: refinery

Question: Who will no longer be in the name?
Answer: Shell

Question: What place mentioned might one buy a slushie?
Answer: 7-Eleven brand

Question: What is being liquidated?
Answer: operations in Finland

Question: Where is St1 located?
Answer: Finland

Question: Where does St1 need to get approval from before they make any major moves due to corporate structure?
Answer: Keele Oy

Question: Why might the rebrand be difficult?
Answer: subject to obtaining regulatory approvals under the different competition laws in each country

Question: What entity will have a name change will take place if all goes according to plan?
Answer: Shell branded gas stations

Question: What did St1 buy?
Answer: Shell's gas stations and the heavy vehicle fuel supply networks in Finland and Sweden, along with a refinery located in Gothenburg, Sweden

Question: What does the Reitan Group operate in Scandinavia?
Answer: 7-Eleven

Question: What would a potential buyer want to purchase from Shell?
Answer: its operations in Finland

Question: What entity is selling its holdings in a Nordic area?
Answer: Shell

Question: What was the re-branding contingent upon?
Answer: obtaining regulatory approvals
Identity_(social_science)

Anthropologists have contributed to the debate by shifting the focus of research: One of the first challenges for the researcher wishing to carry out empirical research in this area is to identify an appropriate analytical tool. The concept of boundaries is useful here for demonstrating how identity works. In the same way as Barth, in his approach to ethnicity, advocated the critical focus for investigation as being "the ethnic boundary that defines the group rather than the cultural stuff that it encloses" (1969:15), social anthropologists such as Cohen and Bray have shifted the focus of analytical study from identity to the boundaries that are used for purposes of identification. If identity is a kind of virtual site in which the dynamic processes and markers used for identification are made apparent, boundaries provide the framework on which this virtual site is built. They concentrated on how the idea of community belonging is differently constructed by individual members and how individuals within the group conceive ethnic boundaries.

Question: Which group advocated for a new focus of analytical study?
Answer: social anthropologists

Question: What can be used to explain identity?
Answer: concept of boundaries

Question: What is a component of cultural identity?
Answer: boundaries

Question: Who wanted to see a new focus of analytical study?
Answer: social anthropologists

Question: Who did Cohen and Bray have ideas in common with?
Answer: Barth

Question: Who did Cohen think like besides Barth?
Answer: Bray

Question: Who did Barth inspire with his work?
Answer: Cohen and Bray

Question: Who did Bray think like besides Barth?
Answer: Cohen

Question: How has the analytical study of Anthropology been changed by Cohen and Bray?
Answer: They concentrated on how the idea of community belonging is differently constructed by individual members and how individuals within the group conceive ethnic boundaries

Question: Who called for a new focus of analytical study?
Answer: social anthropologists

Question: What is Barth?
Answer: researcher
Identity_(social_science)

The "Neo-Eriksonian" identity status paradigm emerged in later years[when?], driven largely by the work of James Marcia. This paradigm focuses upon the twin concepts of exploration and commitment. The central idea is that any individual's sense of identity is determined in large part by the explorations and commitments that he or she makes regarding certain personal and social traits. It follows that the core of the research in this paradigm investigates the degrees to which a person has made certain explorations, and the degree to which he or she displays a commitment to those explorations.

Question: What exception is paramount to understand what one must do to reach this status?
Answer: the degrees to which a person has made certain explorations, and the degree to which he or she displays a commitment to those explorations

Question: What is dual ideas?
Answer: paradigm

Question: What is exploration and commitment determined by besides personal traits?
Answer: social traits

Question: If I were to follow this train of thought, what should I be cognizant of?
Answer: individual's sense of identity is determined in large part by the explorations and commitments that he or she makes regarding certain personal and social traits

Question: What is something that is very alike?
Answer: twin

Question: What is another concept besides exploration?
Answer: commitment

Question: What is the main idea of the passage?
Answer: "Neo-Eriksonian" identity status paradigm

Question: What can be long term?
Answer: commitments
Identity_(social_science)

The description or representation of individual and group identity is a central task for psychologists, sociologists and anthropologists and those of other disciplines where "identity" needs to be mapped and defined. How should one describe the identity of another, in ways which encompass both their idiosyncratic qualities and their group memberships or identifications, both of which can shift according to circumstance? Following on from the work of Kelly, Erikson, Tajfel and others Weinreich's Identity Structure Analysis (ISA), is "a structural representation of the individual's existential experience, in which the relationships between self and other agents are organised in relatively stable structures over time … with the emphasis on the socio-cultural milieu in which self relates to other agents and institutions" (Weinreich and Saunderson, (eds) 2003, p1). Using constructs drawn from the salient discourses of the individual, the group and cultural norms, the practical operationalisation of ISA provides a methodology that maps how these are used by the individual, applied across time and milieus by the "situated self" to appraise self and other agents and institutions (for example, resulting in the individual's evaluation of self and significant others and institutions).[citation needed]

Question: What is one thing that can influence your identity?
Answer: circumstance

Question: The representation of something related to the individual and the group is studied in?
Answer: disciplines

Question: Sociology is a?
Answer: disciplines

Question: What is one thing that can influence which group one identifies with?
Answer: circumstance

Question: The representation of something related to the individual and the group is a focus of?
Answer: psychologists, sociologists and anthropologists

Question: Who worked with Weinrech?
Answer: Saunderson

Question: On what page can you find the definition of ISA?
Answer: p1

Question: What does "identity"mean?
Answer: their idiosyncratic qualities

Question: Anthropology is a?
Answer: disciplines

Question: Psychology is a?
Answer: disciplines

Question: The representation of something related to the individual and the group cab be described in different ways for yourself or for?
Answer: another
Identity_(social_science)

The first favours a primordialist approach which takes the sense of self and belonging to a collective group as a fixed thing, defined by objective criteria such as common ancestry and common biological characteristics. The second, rooted in social constructionist theory, takes the view that identity is formed by a predominantly political choice of certain characteristics. In so doing, it questions the idea that identity is a natural given, characterised by fixed, supposedly objective criteria. Both approaches need to be understood in their respective political and historical contexts, characterised by debate on issues of class, race and ethnicity. While they have been criticized, they continue to exert an influence on approaches to the conceptualisation of identity today.

Question: When something is no longer broken, it has been what?
Answer: fixed

Question: What does someone have on a person that looks up to them?
Answer: influence

Question: What can a friendly disagreement involve?
Answer: debate
Identity_(social_science)

A psychological identity relates to self-image (one's mental model of oneself), self-esteem, and individuality. Consequently, Weinreich gives the definition "A person's identity is defined as the totality of one's self-construal, in which how one construes oneself in the present expresses the continuity between how one construes oneself as one was in the past and how one construes oneself as one aspires to be in the future"; this allows for definitions of aspects of identity, such as: "One's ethnic identity is defined as that part of the totality of one's self-construal made up of those dimensions that express the continuity between one's construal of past ancestry and one's future aspirations in relation to ethnicity" (Weinreich, 1986a).

Question: Which is not a last name, Weinreich or Self?
Answer: self

Question: Which of the following is not a period of time: past, dimensions, or future?
Answer: dimensions

Question: How are self-image and identity similar?
Answer: defined as the totality of one's self-construal

Question: How is identity not always present?
Answer: one's construal of past ancestry and one's future aspirations

Question: How is identity affected by ethnicity?
Answer: part of the totality of one's self-construal

Question: Which is not a last name, Weinreich or Past?
Answer: past

Question: Which of the following is not related to psychological identity: self-esteem, ancestry, or individuality?
Answer: ancestry

Question: Which is not a last name, Weinreich or Image?
Answer: image

Question: Which of the following is not related to ethnicity: past ancestry, individuality or future aspirations?
Answer: individuality
A_cappella

In 1945, the first formal women's barbershop organization, Sweet Adelines, was formed. In 1953 Sweet Adelines became an international organization, although it didn't change its name to Sweet Adelines International until 1991. The membership of nearly 25,000 women, all singing in English, includes choruses in most of the fifty United States as well as in Australia, Canada, England, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, Scotland, Sweden, Wales and the Netherlands. Headquartered in Tulsa, Oklahoma, the organization encompasses more than 1,200 registered quartets and 600 choruses.

Question: Was Sweet Adelines actually  a barbershop or an organization?
Answer: organization

Question: Where are the barbershop groups from?
Answer: most of the fifty United States as well as in Australia, Canada, England, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, Scotland, Sweden, Wales and the Netherlands

Question: Where is Oklahoma?
Answer: United States

Question: When did Sweet Adelines start singing in other countries?
Answer: 1953

Question: What country is Tulsa in?
Answer: United States

Question: What is the requirement for membership?
Answer: women

Question: What groups are members of Sweet Adelines?
Answer: more than 1,200 registered quartets and 600 choruses

Question: Sweet Adelines communicates in?
Answer: English

Question: Does Sweet Adelines have fewer choruses or fewer quartets?
Answer: choruses

Question: Members of Sweet Adelines enjoy?
Answer: singing
A_cappella

The Swingle Singers used nonsense words to sound like instruments, but have been known to produce non-verbal versions of musical instruments. Like the other groups, examples of their music can be found on YouTube. Beatboxing, more accurately known as vocal percussion, is a technique used in a cappella music popularized by the hip-hop community, where rap is often performed a cappella also. The advent of vocal percussion added new dimensions to the a cappella genre and has become very prevalent in modern arrangements. Petra Haden used a four-track recorder to produce an a cappella version of The Who Sell Out including the instruments and fake advertisements on her album Petra Haden Sings: The Who Sell Out in 2005. Haden has also released a cappella versions of Journey's "Don't Stop Believin'", The Beach Boys' "God Only Knows" and Michael Jackson's "Thriller". In 2009, Toyota commissioned Haden to perform three songs for television commercials for the third-generation Toyota Prius, including an a cappella version of The Bellamy Brothers' 1970s song "Let Your Love Flow".[citation needed]

Question: The band that formed in San Francisco in 1973, by former members of Santana and Frumious Bandersnatch is?
Answer: Journey

Question: Which of the following did NOT have a cover commissioned by Toyota: Let Your Love Flow or God Only Knows?
Answer: God Only Knows

Question: Which of the following is not a band: The Who, Journey, or Thriller?
Answer: Thriller

Question: Which of the following is not a song name: Don't Stop Believin, God Only Knows, or The Who Sell Out?
Answer: The Who Sell Out

Question: A music piece intended to be played with only vocal singers, and is not accompanied with any musical instrument is?
Answer: a cappella

Question: Which of the following does not refer to the same technique: beatboxing, vocal percussion or hip-hop?
Answer: hip-hop

Question: Who singer originally sung Smooth Criminal, released in 1988?
Answer: Michael Jackson

Question: Which came first: Petra Haden Sings or the television commercials for the third-generation Toyota Prius?
Answer: Petra Haden Sings

Question: Which video-sharing platform created in 2005 was later purchased by Google who now operates it?
Answer: YouTube

Question: What band composed and released the song "I Get Around" in 1964?
Answer: The Beach Boys

Question: Which of the following was NOT recorded by Journey: Don't Stop Believin' or Thriller?
Answer: Thriller
A_cappella

The fourth a cappella musical to appear Off-Broadway, In Transit, premiered 5 October 2010 and was produced by Primary Stages with book, music, and lyrics by Kristen Anderson-Lopez, James-Allen Ford, Russ Kaplan, and Sara Wordsworth. Set primarily in the New York City subway system its score features an eclectic mix of musical genres (including jazz, hip hop, Latin, rock, and country). In Transit incorporates vocal beat boxing into its contemporary a cappella arrangements through the use of a subway beat boxer character. Beat boxer and actor Chesney Snow performed this role for the 2010 Primary Stages production. According to the show's website, it is scheduled to reopen for an open-ended commercial run in the Fall of 2011. In 2011 the production received four Lucille Lortel Award nominations including Outstanding Musical, Outer Critics Circle and Drama League nominations, as well as five Drama Desk nominations including Outstanding Musical and won for Outstanding Ensemble Performance.

Question: Who was a lyricist on In Transit: Kristen Anderson-Lopez or Lucille Lortel?
Answer: Kristen Anderson-Lopez

Question: What classifcations of music are featured in "In Transit"?
Answer: jazz, hip hop, Latin, rock, and country

Question: What is In Transit's claim to fame?
Answer: five Drama Desk nominations including Outstanding Musical and won for Outstanding Ensemble Performance

Question: What is the musical styling In Transit is based on?
Answer: jazz, hip hop, Latin, rock, and country

Question: Who was in an In Transit show other than Off-Broadway?
Answer: Chesney Snow

Question: The creators of In Transit mixed in what?
Answer: vocal beat boxing

Question: Who was not an actor in In Transit: Chesney Snow or James-Allen Ford?
Answer: James-Allen Ford

Question: Who was not a lyricist for In Transit: Russ Kaplan, Sara Wordsworth of Chesney Snow?
Answer: Chesney Snow

Question: Kristen Anderson-Lopez wrote lyrics for which musical?
Answer: In Transit

Question: What was one of the nominations for Drama Desk Award: Eclectic Mix or Outstanding Ensemble Performance?
Answer: Outstanding Ensemble Performance

Question: What does Chesney Snow do, musically speaking?
Answer: Beat boxer
A_cappella

Present-day Christian religious bodies known for conducting their worship services without musical accompaniment include some Presbyterian churches devoted to the regulative principle of worship, Old Regular Baptists, Primitive Baptists, Plymouth Brethren, Churches of Christ, the Old German Baptist Brethren, Doukhobors the Byzantine Rite and the Amish, Old Order Mennonites and Conservative Mennonites. Certain high church services and other musical events in liturgical churches (such as the Roman Catholic Mass and the Lutheran Divine Service) may be a cappella, a practice remaining from apostolic times. Many Mennonites also conduct some or all of their services without instruments. Sacred Harp, a type of folk music, is an a cappella style of religious singing with shape notes, usually sung at singing conventions.

Question: What type of music is sacred harp
Answer: an a cappella style

Question: What are liturgical churches musical events?
Answer: a cappella

Question: Who conducts services without instruments?
Answer: Mennonites

Question: How do Amish worship in song?
Answer: without musical accompaniment

Question: What music do Old Order Mennonites integrate into their services
Answer: known for conducting their worship services without musical accompaniment

Question: Where did the Roman Catholic Mass develop its musical service
Answer: apostolic times

Question: How do chruches of christ worship in song?
Answer: without musical accompaniment

Question: What are musical events in liturgical churches?
Answer: a cappella

Question: How is folk music sung at festivals?
Answer: a cappella

Question: Do some Mennonites allow music in their services
Answer: without instruments

Question: How to conservative mennonites worship in song?
Answer: without musical accompaniment