UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
London

There is a variety of annual events, beginning with the relatively new New Year's Day Parade, fireworks display at the London Eye, the world's second largest street party, the Notting Hill Carnival is held during the late August Bank Holiday each year. Traditional parades include November's Lord Mayor's Show, a centuries-old event celebrating the annual appointment of a new Lord Mayor of the City of London with a procession along the streets of the City, and June's Trooping the Colour, a formal military pageant performed by regiments of the Commonwealth and British armies to celebrate the Queen's Official Birthday.

Question: What are on display at the London Eye?
Answer: fireworks

Question: Which event can have a different name depending on the gender of the person being celebrated?
Answer: the Queen's Official Birthday

Question: What holiday is during late August?
Answer: Bank Holiday

Question: What kind of parade is the Lord Mayor's Show?
Answer: event celebrating the annual appointment of a new Lord Mayor

Question: What type of event is held to celebrate the Queen's Birthday?
Answer: formal military pageant

Question: What kind of military pageant celebrates the Queen's birthday?
Answer: formal

Question: Which traditional parade is not held in November?
Answer: Trooping the Colour

Question: Which event occurs three months prior to the Lord Mayor's Show?
Answer: Notting Hill Carnival

Question: On what day of the year is the New Year's Day Parade held?
Answer: New Year's Day

Question: How often is the Queen's Offical Birthday celebration?
Answer: annual

Question: Who puts on a show in June?
Answer: regiments of the Commonwealth and British armies

Question: What event occurs soon after November's Lord Mayor's Show at the very beginning of the next year?
Answer: New Year's Day Parade

Question: How is the mayor of the City of London selected?
Answer: appointment

Question: Where is the London Eye?
Answer: London
London

The Monument in the City of London provides views of the surrounding area while commemorating the Great Fire of London, which originated nearby. Marble Arch and Wellington Arch, at the north and south ends of Park Lane respectively, have royal connections, as do the Albert Memorial and Royal Albert Hall in Kensington. Nelson's Column is a nationally recognised monument in Trafalgar Square, one of the focal points of central London. Older buildings are mainly brick built, most commonly the yellow London stock brick or a warm orange-red variety, often decorated with carvings and white plaster mouldings.

Question: what is the second to last embellishment mentioned?
Answer: carvings

Question: What namely places are mentioned?
Answer: Albert Memorial and Royal Albert Hall in Kensington. Nelson's Column

Question: Historical buildings also had what on the major building material?
Answer: carvings and white plaster mouldings

Question: what is the first event mentioned?
Answer: Great Fire of London

Question: What tourist attraction was originally intended to be the entrance of Buckingham Palace?
Answer: Wellington Arch

Question: A monument in London that commemorates the husband of Queen Victoria is?
Answer: Albert Memorial

Question: What is a less observed color of brick that some of older buildings in London were made up of?
Answer: orange-red

Question: A fruit that is also named by the color of its appearance is?
Answer: orange

Question: what is the first area mentioned?
Answer: City of London

Question: The focus of a lens is given which adjective?
Answer: focal

Question: what is the last type of embellishment mentioned?
Answer: white plaster mouldings

Question: what is the last area mentioned?
Answer: London

Question: What would a historical building likely been composed of specifically?
Answer: yellow London stock brick or a warm orange-red variety
London

London is the seat of the Government of the United Kingdom. Many government departments are based close to the Palace of Westminster, particularly along Whitehall, including the Prime Minister's residence at 10 Downing Street. The British Parliament is often referred to as the "Mother of Parliaments" (although this sobriquet was first applied to England itself by John Bright) because it has been the model for most other parliamentary systems. There are 73 Members of Parliament (MPs) from London, who correspond to local parliamentary constituencies in the national Parliament. As of May 2015, 45 are from the Labour Party, 27 are Conservatives, and one is a Liberal Democrat.

Question: Who is the second-most represented party in Parliament?
Answer: Conservatives

Question: Where are government offices
Answer: Whitehall

Question: Who does NOT live at 10 Downing Street, John Bright or the Prime Minister?
Answer: John Bright

Question: Are there fewer MPs from the Liberal Democrats or Conservatives?
Answer: Liberal Democrat

Question: What was first termed the Mother of Parliaments
Answer: England

Question: The phrase "Mother of Parliaments" is a play on what term?
Answer: Members of Parliament

Question: Are there fewer MPs from the Labour Party or Conservative Party?
Answer: Conservatives

Question: What are the members of parliment called
Answer: MPs

Question: Who is the third-most represented party in Parliament
Answer: Liberal Democrat
London

London is home to five major medical schools – Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (part of Queen Mary), King's College London School of Medicine (the largest medical school in Europe), Imperial College School of Medicine, UCL Medical School and St George's, University of London – and has a large number of affiliated teaching hospitals. It is also a major centre for biomedical research, and three of the UK's five academic health science centres are based in the city – Imperial College Healthcare, King's Health Partners and UCL Partners (the largest such centre in Europe).

Question: Besides medical school, one can learn in a?
Answer: teaching hospitals

Question: what organization is mentioned third to last?
Answer: Imperial College Healthcare

Question: UCL Partners is a?
Answer: academic health science centres

Question: Of Imperial College and Barts, which one is in the city?
Answer: Imperial College

Question: what organization is mentioned last?
Answer: UCL Partners

Question: Between Barts and King's College, which one is bigger?
Answer: King's College

Question: St George's, University of London is a?
Answer: major medical schools

Question: what organization is mentioned second to last?
Answer: King's Health Partners

Question: Between St. George's and King's College, which one is smaller?
Answer: St George's

Question: what place is mentioned last?
Answer: Europe

Question: Of Imperial College and King's College, which one is smaller?
Answer: Imperial College

Question: Between KIng's College and UCL Medical School, which one is bigger?
Answer: King's College

Question: what place is mentioned first?
Answer: London
London

Within London, both the City of London and the City of Westminster have city status and both the City of London and the remainder of Greater London are counties for the purposes of lieutenancies. The area of Greater London has incorporated areas that were once part of the historic counties of Middlesex, Kent, Surrey, Essex and Hertfordshire. London's status as the capital of England, and later the United Kingdom, has never been granted or confirmed officially—by statute or in written form.[note 6]

Question: What was unofficially considered as the capital of England?
Answer: the City of London

Question: How has London grown?
Answer: The area of Greater London has incorporated areas that were once part of the historic counties of Middlesex, Kent, Surrey, Essex and Hertfordshire

Question: What document names London the capital of England?
Answer: has never been granted or confirmed officially

Question: What makes up London?
Answer: both the City of London and the remainder of Greater London

Question: What is considered the unofficial capital of the United Kingdom?
Answer: the City of London

Question: How many cities are in the City of London?
Answer: Within London, both the City of London and the City of Westminster have city status

Question: Where has London yet to be classified as the capital of England?
Answer: by statute or in written form

Question: What constitutes the City of London?
Answer: both the City of London and the City of Westminster

Question: How does Westminster differ from Kent?
Answer: city status

Question: When was London designated the capital?
Answer: never

Question: Beyond the city, what is include in the metro?
Answer: The area of Greater London has incorporated areas that were once part of the historic counties of Middlesex, Kent, Surrey, Essex and Hertfordshire

Question: Where has London yet to be classified as a capital city in the UK?
Answer: by statute or in written form

Question: What designated London as the capital?
Answer: has never been granted or confirmed officially—by statute or in written form

Question: What is London mostly made up of?
Answer: counties

Question: When was London made the capital of England?
Answer: never
London

During the English Civil War the majority of Londoners supported the Parliamentary cause. After an initial advance by the Royalists in 1642 culminating in the battles of Brentford and Turnham Green, London was surrounded by defensive perimeter wall known as the Lines of Communication. The lines were built by an up to 20,000 people, and were completed in under two months. The fortifications failed their only test when the New Model Army entered London in 1647, and they were levelled by Parliament the same year.

Question: What did the battles of Brentford and Turnham Green lead to?
Answer: London was surrounded by defensive perimeter wall known as the Lines of Communication

Question: __ is the first point on the tidal portion of the River Thames which was easily fordable by foot.
Answer: Brentford

Question: What happened to the Lines of Communication lastly?
Answer: levelled by Parliament

Question: How did the fortifications fare?
Answer: they were levelled by Parliament the same year

Question: When were the fortifications constructed?
Answer: in under two months

Question: What was the result of the defense?
Answer: The fortifications failed their only test when the New Model Army entered London in 1647

Question: Where did the English Civil War happen?
Answer: London

Question: How were the battle lines drawn?
Answer: the majority of Londoners supported the Parliamentary cause

Question: __ developed around the ancient boundary between the parishes of Ealing and Hanwell.
Answer: Brentford

Question: How did the war progress?
Answer: London was surrounded by defensive perimeter wall known as the Lines of Communication

Question: __ pre-dates the Roman occupation of Britain.
Answer: Brentford
Mesozoic

Sea levels began to rise during the Jurassic, which was probably caused by an increase in seafloor spreading. The formation of new crust beneath the surface displaced ocean waters by as much as 200 m (656 ft) more than today, which flooded coastal areas. Furthermore, Pangaea began to rift into smaller divisions, bringing more land area in contact with the ocean by forming the Tethys Sea. Temperatures continued to increase and began to stabilize. Humidity also increased with the proximity of water, and deserts retreated.

Question: Which level has the lowest numerical value?
Answer: 200 m

Question: What would have made the thing that makes it feel stickier to be outside?
Answer: proximity of water

Question: Why broad reason was there for alterations to the water occur?
Answer: increase in seafloor spreading

Question: What became part of the body of water that wasn't there before?
Answer: new crust

Question: What broad aspect of the sea was altering?
Answer: levels
Mesozoic

The climate of the Cretaceous is less certain and more widely disputed. Higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are thought to have caused the world temperature gradient from north to south to become almost flat: temperatures were about the same across the planet. Average temperatures were also higher than today by about 10°C. In fact, by the middle Cretaceous, equatorial ocean waters (perhaps as warm as 20 °C in the deep ocean) may have been too warm for sea life,[dubious – discuss][citation needed] and land areas near the equator may have been deserts despite their proximity to water. The circulation of oxygen to the deep ocean may also have been disrupted.[dubious – discuss] For this reason, large volumes of organic matter that was unable to decompose accumulated, eventually being deposited as "black shale".

Question: Why was the ocean not likely to be habitable?
Answer: too warm

Question: What is a questionable situation in regard to water sources?
Answer: waters (perhaps as warm as 20 °C in the deep ocean) may have been too warm for sea life,[dubious

Question: What was the possible temperature of the atmosphere?
Answer: 10°C

Question: What was the discrepancy of temperature across the globe?
Answer: flat

Question: What would have been odd to encounter?
Answer: land areas near the equator may have been deserts despite their proximity to water

Question: What was a benefit from all the sea life dying?
Answer: black shale

Question: What was located near the deserts?
Answer: water

Question: Why might it have been hard to spot a fish?
Answer: equatorial ocean waters (perhaps as warm as 20 °C in the deep ocean) may have been too warm for sea life

Question: Why did organic matter become black shale?
Answer: unable to decompose

Question: What were the average temperatures compared to today?
Answer: higher than today by about 10°C

Question: Higher levels of CO2 lead to two things, average temperatures being higher by about 10 degrees and?
Answer: world temperature gradient from north to south to become almost flat

Question: What did black shale used to be?
Answer: organic matter

Question: What happens when organic matter cannot decompose properly?
Answer: eventually being deposited as "black shale"

Question: What cannot be agreed upon by historians?
Answer: climate of the Cretaceous

Question: Higher levels of CO2 lead to two things, world temperature gradient north to south being flat, and?
Answer: Average temperatures were also higher than today by about 10°C
Lighting

In some design instances, materials used on walls and furniture play a key role in the lighting effect< for example dark paint tends to absorb light, making the room appear smaller and more dim than it is, whereas light paint does the opposite. In addition to paint, reflective surfaces also have an effect on lighting design.

Question: What is the second idea listed that controls the lighting effect
Answer: furniture

Question: Which aspect of design is the excerpt concerned with?
Answer: lighting effect

Question: What design element could be placed in a room for functional purposes but also contribute to the lighting design?
Answer: furniture

Question: Which paint is the most reflective properties
Answer: light paint does

Question: What effect does dark paint have on a room that would make it feel cozy?
Answer: making the room appear smaller

Question: If you prefer an intimate, lowly lit room, what type of paint  would you use on your walls?
Answer: dark

Question: What must you consider when thinking of the lighting of a room?
Answer: materials used on walls and furniture

Question: More than wall color, what else can play a role on how the lighting of a room appears?
Answer: reflective surfaces

Question: Having white paint on my walls would do the opposite of what?
Answer: dark paint

Question: If you like large and bright spaces, what paint shade should you choose?
Answer: light

Question: What are they using light and dark paint for
Answer: lighting design

Question: If I added mirrors to a room's scheme, what type of design material would I be using?
Answer: reflective surfaces

Question: Would dark or light paint give me the illusion of closeness?
Answer: dark
Lighting

Alison Jing Xu, assistant professor of management at the University of Toronto Scarborough and Aparna Labroo of Northwestern University conducted a series of studies analyzing the correlation between lighting and human emotion. The researchers asked participants to rate a number of things such as: the spiciness of chicken-wing sauce, the aggressiveness of a fictional character, how attractive someone was, their feelings about specific words, and the taste of two juices–all under different lighting conditions. In their study, they found that both positive and negative human emotions are felt more intensely in bright light. Professor Xu stated, "we found that on sunny days depression-prone people actually become more depressed." They also found that dim light makes people make more rational decisions and settle negotiations easier. In the dark, emotions are slightly suppressed. However, emotions are intensified in the bright light.

Question: What could affect how you perceive the way things taste?
Answer: lighting conditions

Question: Which of the following things cannot be rated on taste: juices, aggressiveness, or chicken-wing sauce?
Answer: aggressiveness

Question: What can affect the way you perceive the personality of characters in a book?
Answer: lighting conditions

Question: Which of the following is not a university: Toronto Scarborough, Northwestern, or Xu?
Answer: Xu

Question: Which of the following is not associated with bright light: rational decisions, positive emotions or negative emotions?
Answer: rational decisions

Question: What could affect the way you perceive how spicy something is?
Answer: lighting conditions
Lighting

An important property of light fixtures is the luminous efficacy or wall-plug efficiency, meaning the amount of usable light emanating from the fixture per used energy, usually measured in lumen per watt. A fixture using replaceable light sources can also have its efficiency quoted as the percentage of light passed from the "bulb" to the surroundings. The more transparent the lighting fixture is, the higher efficacy. Shading the light will normally decrease efficacy but increase the directionality and the visual comfort probability.

Question: What happens to the efficiency when a fixture is shaded?
Answer: decrease efficacy

Question: How is light coming from a bulb documented?
Answer: percentage

Question: A primary feature of it is its luminous efficacy?
Answer: light fixtures

Question: How are light orbs similar to fixtures?
Answer: efficiency quoted as the percentage of light passed from the "bulb" to the surroundings

Question: What is being measured regarding a light fixture?
Answer: amount of usable light

Question: Shading light will increase directionality and directly effect?
Answer: efficacy

Question: Why would a light be shaded?
Answer: increase the directionality and the visual comfort probability

Question: What is a sign of an efficient light source?
Answer: more transparent

Question: What about the covering specifically effects the efficacy?
Answer: The more transparent the lighting fixture is, the higher efficacy

Question: What ratio is used to determine efficacy?
Answer: the amount of usable light emanating from the fixture per used energy, usually measured in lumen per watt

Question: What should you look for while shopping for lighting for your home?
Answer: luminous efficacy

Question: Which of the following is not increased by shading the light: directionality, usable light or visual comfort probability?
Answer: usable light

Question: Which of the following is NOT a measure of energy, lumen or watt?
Answer: lumen

Question: What might be a preference?
Answer: Shading the light will normally decrease efficacy but increase the directionality and the visual comfort probability

Question: This is usually measured in lumen per watt?
Answer: luminous efficacy or wall-plug efficiency

Question: Which of the following does not measure the amount of usable light: luminous efficacy, directionality or wall-plug efficiency?
Answer: directionality
Lighting

Entry lights can be used outside to illuminate and signal the entrance to a property. These lights are installed for safety, security, and for decoration.

Question: What must be done to lights that is also done to computer programs?
Answer: are installed

Question: Where are lights usually installed?
Answer: the entrance to a property

Question: What has to be done with lights in order for them to work?
Answer: installed
Lighting

Recessed lighting (often called "pot lights" in Canada, "can lights" or 'high hats" in the US) is popular, with fixtures mounted into the ceiling structure so as to appear flush with it. These downlights can use narrow beam spotlights, or wider-angle floodlights, both of which are bulbs having their own reflectors. There are also downlights with internal reflectors designed to accept common 'A' lamps (light bulbs) which are generally less costly than reflector lamps. Downlights can be incandescent, fluorescent, HID (high intensity discharge) or LED.

Question: Someone who uses the term "high hats" probably wouldn't say what to describe the same thing?
Answer: "pot lights"

Question: What is the name of downlights in other countries?
Answer: pot lights

Question: Which is not a name for recessed lighting: pot lights, narrow beam, or can lights?
Answer: narrow beam

Question: Which is not a type of downlight: LED, incandescent, or spotlights?
Answer: spotlights

Question: Which is a type of downlight: high hat, reflector, or HID?
Answer: HID

Question: A person using the term "pot lights"  probably does not reside in which country?
Answer: the US

Question: What is a benefit of the look of recessed lighting?
Answer: appear flush

Question: What is another term for high hats: wider-angle, LED, or recessed lighting?
Answer: Recessed lighting

Question: What is a benefit of can lights?
Answer: less costly
Lighting

The Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA), in conjunction with organizations like ANSI and ASHRAE, publishes guidelines, standards, and handbooks that allow categorization of the illumination needs of different built environments. Manufacturers of lighting equipment publish photometric data for their products, which defines the distribution of light released by a specific luminaire. This data is typically expressed in standardized form defined by the IESNA.

Question: what group is mentioned second to last?
Answer: Manufacturers

Question: What does the N in IESNA stand for?
Answer: North

Question: What does the A in IESNA stand for?
Answer: America

Question: what group is mentioned third?
Answer: ASHRAE

Question: what is the first helpful thing mentioned that the IESNA provides?
Answer: guidelines

Question: what is the second helpful thing mentioned that the IESNA provides?
Answer: standards

Question: What does the E in IESNA stand for?
Answer: Engineering

Question: what group is mentioned second?
Answer: ANSI

Question: What does the S in IESNA stand for?
Answer: Society

Question: Which acronym is the longest among ANSI, IESNA and ASHRAE?
Answer: ASHRAE

Question: What type of body is the IESNA?
Answer: Society

Question: Which acronym is the shortest among ANSI, IESNA and ASHRAE?
Answer: ANSI

Question: What does the I in IESNA stand for?
Answer: Illuminating
Lighting

Sometimes security lighting can be used along roadways in urban areas, or behind homes or commercial facilities. These are extremely bright lights used to deter crime. Security lights may include floodlights.

Question: What is the type of the third mentioned location?
Answer: commercial

Question: What does the mentioned common safety measure do?
Answer: deter crime

Question: What is the second mentioned location?
Answer: homes

Question: What is a specific type of the example for the safety precaution?
Answer: floodlights

Question: What is an example of the mentioned safety precaution?
Answer: extremely bright lights

Question: What is first mentioned as a location to use this type of lighting?
Answer: urban areas