UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
Greece

According to the Framework Law (3549/2007), Public higher education "Highest Educational Institutions" (Ανώτατα Εκπαιδευτικά Ιδρύματα, Anótata Ekpaideytiká Idrýmata, "ΑΕΙ") consists of two parallel sectors:the University sector (Universities, Polytechnics, Fine Arts Schools, the Open University) and the Technological sector (Technological Education Institutions (TEI) and the School of Pedagogic and Technological Education). There are also State Non-University Tertiary Institutes offering vocationally oriented courses of shorter duration (2 to 3 years) which operate under the authority of other Ministries. Students are admitted to these Institutes according to their performance at national level examinations taking place after completion of the third grade of Lykeio. Additionally, students over twenty-two years old may be admitted to the Hellenic Open University through a form of lottery. The Capodistrian University of Athens is the oldest university in the eastern Mediterranean.

Question: Which sector of public higher education offers a more narrow range of degrees?
Answer: Technological sector (Technological Education Institutions (TEI) and the School of Pedagogic and Technological Education)

Question: What kind of courses do State Non-University Tertiary Institutes offer?
Answer: vocationally oriented

Question: Which sector does not focus on the arts or other creative vocations?
Answer: Technological sector (Technological Education Institutions (TEI) and the School of Pedagogic and Technological Education)

Question: Where is it the fastest to get a degree?
Answer: State Non-University Tertiary Institutes

Question: What city holds the oldest university in Greece?
Answer: Athens

Question: What does AEI stand for?
Answer: Ανώτατα Εκπαιδευτικά Ιδρύματα, Anótata Ekpaideytiká Idrýmata

Question: What kind of school is the school of Pedagogic an example of where you can get a higher education?
Answer: University

Question: What is the criteria for a student to not have to take a test to place into a university?
Answer: students over twenty-two years old

Question: Who runs the vocational schools?
Answer: other Ministries

Question: What is another name for a university?
Answer: Institutes

Question: What are the categories that higher institutions are divided into considered?
Answer: parallel

Question: How old must students become to join the lotto at the Hellenic Open University?
Answer: twenty-two
Pacific_War

With the Japanese CAP out of position and the carriers at their most vulnerable, SBD Dauntlesses from Enterprise and Yorktown appeared at an altitude of 10,000 feet (3,000 m) and commenced their attack, quickly dealing fatal blows to three fleet carriers: Sōryū, Kaga, and Akagi. Within minutes, all three were ablaze and had to be abandoned with great loss of life. Hiryū managed to survive the wave of dive bombers and launched a counter-attack against the American carriers which caused severe damage to Yorktown (which was later finished off by a Japanese submarine). However, a second attack from the U.S. carriers a few hours later found and destroyed Hiryū, the last remaining fleet carrier available to Nagumo. With his carriers lost and the Americans withdrawn out of range of his powerful battleships, Yamamoto was forced to call off the operation, leaving Midway in American hands. The battle proved to be a decisive victory for the Allies. For the second time, Japanese expansion had been checked and its formidable Combined Fleet was significantly weakened by the loss of four fleet carriers and many highly trained, virtually irreplaceable, personnel. Japan would be largely on the defensive for the rest of the war.

Question: Who had greed for more land?
Answer: Japanese

Question: What ships were home to the planes that led the assault?
Answer: Enterprise and Yorktown

Question: What country sank the Yorktown?
Answer: Japan

Question: What planes led the attack against the fleet?
Answer: SBD Dauntlesses

Question: What ship avoided attack initially only to then be put out of commission shortly thereafter?
Answer: Hiryū

Question: What was the Japanese CAP to cause the destruction of three carriers??
Answer: out of position

Question: What area was forfeited by the Japanese due to the loss?
Answer: Midway

Question: Which attack destroyed Hiryu?
Answer: second attack

Question: What did the US advantage give Americans?
Answer: Midway in American hands

Question: How many Japanese ships were destroyed in the attack?
Answer: four

Question: Who controlled Midway after Yamamoto called off the operation?
Answer: the Allies

Question: What was a major reason for the surrender?
Answer: Combined Fleet was significantly weakened by the loss of four fleet carriers

Question: Who surrendered?
Answer: Yamamoto

Question: What was the benefit of determination for the Americans?
Answer: a second attack from the U.S. carriers a few hours later found and destroyed Hiryū, the last remaining fleet carrier available to Nagumo
Pacific_War

Japanese land forces continued to advance in the Solomon Islands and New Guinea. From July 1942, a few Australian reserve battalions, many of them very young and untrained, fought a stubborn rearguard action in New Guinea, against a Japanese advance along the Kokoda Track, towards Port Moresby, over the rugged Owen Stanley Ranges. The militia, worn out and severely depleted by casualties, were relieved in late August by regular troops from the Second Australian Imperial Force, returning from action in the Mediterranean theater. In early September 1942 Japanese marines attacked a strategic Royal Australian Air Force base at Milne Bay, near the eastern tip of New Guinea. They were beaten back by Allied (primarily Australian Army) forces.

Question: They attacked near the eastern tip of New Guinea?
Answer: Japanese marines

Question: Why might I think twice about the Australians' odds of success?
Answer: many of them very young and untrained

Question: Australian Army forces forced them to retreat their position?
Answer: Japanese marines

Question: Who did the Japanese fight with in New Guinea?
Answer: Australian

Question: Why might I question the Australians' chances of winning?
Answer: many of them very young and untrained

Question: What might cause me to question the Australians' odds of winning?
Answer: many of them very young and untrained

Question: One of two places where the Japanese gained ground on foot and listed last of the two alphabetically?
Answer: Solomon Islands

Question: What had the regular Australian troops fought for before rescuing the Australian reserve battalions?
Answer: action in the Mediterranean theater

Question: When was the Australian reserve battalions being rescued?
Answer: late August

Question: They fought over the rugged Owen Stanley Ranges and against a Japanese advance?
Answer: Australian reserve battalions

Question: How experienced were the Australian troops?
Answer: very young and untrained
Pacific_War

The official policy of the U.S. Government is that Thailand was not an ally of the Axis, and that the United States was not at war with Thailand. The policy of the U.S. Government ever since 1945 has been to treat Thailand not as a former enemy, but rather as a country which had been forced into certain actions by Japanese blackmail, before being occupied by Japanese troops. Thailand has been treated by the United States in the same way as such other Axis-occupied countries as Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Greece, Norway, Poland, and the Netherlands.

Question: Thailand is not a willing Axis member but was?
Answer: been forced into certain actions by Japanese blackmail

Question: What was enacted to change the view on Thailand?
Answer: official policy

Question: What is the UK to the US?
Answer: an ally

Question: Who was the United States actually at war with?
Answer: Japanese troops

Question: What group took over Thailand?
Answer: the Axis

Question: What does the Earth rotate on?
Answer: Axis

Question: Who was actually an ally of the Axis?
Answer: Japanese troops

Question: Why is Thailand not an ally of the Axis?
Answer: Japanese blackmail

Question: Which country was an ally of the Axis?
Answer: Japanese

Question: Like the Netherlands, Thailand was treated?
Answer: in the same way as such other Axis-occupied countries
Pacific_War

By 1937, Japan controlled Manchuria and was ready to move deeper into China. The Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937 provoked full-scale war between China and Japan. The Nationalist and Communist Chinese suspended their civil war to form a nominal alliance against Japan, and the Soviet Union quickly lent support by providing large amount of materiel to Chinese troops. In August 1937, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek deployed his best army to fight about 300,000 Japanese troops in Shanghai, but, after three months of fighting, Shanghai fell. The Japanese continued to push the Chinese forces back, capturing the capital Nanking in December 1937 and committed which was known as Nanking Massacre. In March 1938, Nationalist forces won their first victory at Taierzhuang. but then the city of Xuzhou was taken by Japanese in May. In June 1938, Japan deployed about 350,000 troops to invade Wuhan and captured it in October. The Japanese achieved major military victories, but world opinion—in particular in the United States—condemned Japan, especially after the Panay Incident.

Question: Which location was placed under siege second, Nanking or Wuhan?
Answer: Wuhan

Question: What was happening in China also while Japan was invading?
Answer: civil war

Question: When did a city get taken by Japanese after Taierzhuang?
Answer: May

Question: What country had its capital at Nanking?
Answer: China

Question: What fell in 1938 to a force of about 350,000 Japanese soldiers?
Answer: Wuhan

Question: What event happened four months before Nanking was captured?
Answer: Shanghai fell

Question: Which event happened first, the fall of Shanghai or the capturing of Nanking?
Answer: Shanghai fell

Question: What city was won back by the Chinese?
Answer: Taierzhuang

Question: What rank was held by Chiang Kai-shek in August 1937?
Answer: Generalissimo

Question: Which happened first, the Marco Polo Bridge Incident or the capturing of Nanking?
Answer: The Marco Polo Bridge Incident

Question: Which year did the Japanese send less troops,1938 or 1937?
Answer: 1937
Pacific_War

The forces converged in the largest sea battle of World War II up to that point. Over the previous month American destroyers had destroyed 17 of 25 submarines out of Ozawa's screening force. Repeated U.S. raids destroyed the Japanese land-based planes. Ozawa's main attack lacked coordination, with the Japanese planes arriving at their targets in a staggered sequence. Following a directive from Nimitz, the U.S. carriers all had combat information centers, which interpreted the flow of radar data and radioed interception orders to the Hellcats. The result was later dubbed the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot. The few attackers to reach the U.S. fleet encountered massive AA fire with proximity fuzes. Only one American warship was slightly damaged.

Question: Who was the opponent of the American forces?
Answer: Ozawa

Question: Which planes were first destroyed?
Answer: land-based

Question: Which part of the Japanese float formed a screening force?
Answer: submarines

Question: These activities happened during?
Answer: World War II

Question: How does the text call the event described here?
Answer: the largest sea battle of World War II up to that point

Question: What was one of the reasons that the Japanese did not have success?
Answer: attack lacked coordination

Question: Destroyers move in the?
Answer: sea

Question: Carriers move in the?
Answer: sea
Pacific_War

Two battle-hardened Australian divisions were steaming from the Mid-East for Singapore. Churchill wanted them diverted to Burma, but Curtin insisted on a return to Australia. In early 1942 elements of the Imperial Japanese Navy proposed an invasion of Australia. The Japanese Army opposed the plan and it was rejected in favour of a policy of isolating Australia from the United States via blockade by advancing through the South Pacific. The Japanese decided upon a seaborne invasion of Port Moresby, capital of the Australian Territory of Papua which would put Northern Australia within range of Japanese bomber aircraft.

Question: Why did Australias group not end up in Burma?
Answer: Curtin insisted on a return to Australia

Question: Papua belonged to?
Answer: Australia

Question: What did Japan do instead of invading Australia?
Answer: a policy of isolating Australia from the United States via blockade by advancing through the South Pacific

Question: How did Japan want to attack Australia?
Answer: a seaborne invasion of Port Moresby

Question: Someone wanted to return to Australia over?
Answer: Burma

Question: __ is nicknamed the Little Red Dot.
Answer: Singapore

Question: 39% of the population of __ was born elsewhere.
Answer: Singapore

Question: Australia was at risk from the?
Answer: Imperial Japanese Navy

Question: __ has the only tropical garden in the world designated a UNESCO Heritage Site.
Answer: Singapore
Pacific_War

As anticipated by Nimitz, the Japanese fleet arrived off Midway on 4 June and was spotted by PBY patrol aircraft. Nagumo executed a first strike against Midway, while Fletcher launched his aircraft, bound for Nagumo's carriers. At 09:20 the first U.S. carrier aircraft arrived, TBD Devastator torpedo bombers from Hornet, but their attacks were poorly coordinated and ineffectual; thanks in part to faulty aerial torpedoes, they failed to score a single hit and all 15 were wiped out by defending Zero fighters. At 09:35, 15 additional TBDs from Enterprise attacked in which 14 were lost, again with no hits. Thus far, Fletcher's attacks had been disorganized and seemingly ineffectual, but they succeeded in drawing Nagumo's defensive fighters down to sea level where they expended much of their fuel and ammunition repulsing the two waves of torpedo bombers. As a result, when U.S. dive bombers arrived at high altitude, the Zeros were poorly positioned to defend. To make matters worse, Nagumo's four carriers had drifted out of formation in their efforts to avoid torpedoes, reducing the concentration of their anti-aircraft fire. Nagumo's indecision had also created confusion aboard his carriers. Alerted to the need of a second strike on Midway, but also wary of the need to deal with the American carriers that he now knew were in the vicinity, Nagumo twice changed the arming orders for his aircraft. As a result, the American dive bombers found the Japanese carriers with their decks cluttered with munitions as the crews worked hastily to properly re-arm their air groups.

Question: Who commanded the attack on the losing side?
Answer: Nagumo

Question: Which aircraft carrier lost the least planes in the attack?
Answer: Enterprise

Question: What happened to the Zero fighters as a result of Fletcher's attacks?
Answer: they expended much of their fuel and ammunition

Question: Which aircraft carrier lost more planes in the attack?
Answer: Hornet

Question: What aircraft played a huge part in the battle that were not launched from the aircraft carriers?
Answer: dive bombers

Question: What aircraft defended the Japanese fleet in the initial attacks?
Answer: Zero fighters

Question: Which is not a last name, Midway or Nimitz?
Answer: Midway

Question: Which is not a last name, Nimitz or Aerial?
Answer: aerial

Question: Why were munitions on the decks of the Japanese fleet?
Answer: Nagumo twice changed the arming orders

Question: Who commanded the attack on the US side?
Answer: Fletcher

Question: What made Nagumo change arming orders for this aircraft?
Answer: American carriers

Question: which is not a last name, Nimitz or Zeros?
Answer: Zeros

Question: Why were the Japanese fighters at sea level during the Midway assault?
Answer: repulsing the two waves of torpedo bombers
Pacific_War

In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, leaving eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and 2,403 American citizens dead. At the time of the attack, the U.S. was not officially at war anywhere in the world, which means that the people killed or property destroyed at Pearl Harbor by the Japanese attack had a non-combatant status.[nb 11] The Japanese had gambled that the United States, when faced with such a sudden and massive blow, would agree to a negotiated settlement and allow Japan free rein in Asia. This gamble did not pay off. American losses were less serious than initially thought: The American aircraft carriers, which would prove to be more important than battleships, were at sea, and vital naval infrastructure (fuel oil tanks, shipyard facilities, and a power station), submarine base, and signals intelligence units were unscathed. Japan's fallback strategy, relying on a war of attrition to make the U.S. come to terms, was beyond the IJN's capabilities.

Question: How fruitful was Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor?
Answer: This gamble did not pay off

Question: What was the property damage of the attack?
Answer: eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed

Question: How did Japan fare in the attack?
Answer: This gamble did not pay off

Question: What did the offenders hope would happen by their actions?
Answer: gambled that the United States, when faced with such a sudden and massive blow, would agree to a negotiated settlement and allow Japan free rein in Asia

Question: Where in the passage does it explain whether Japan's plan worked or not?
Answer: American losses were less serious than initially thought

Question: Which dreadful event happened at the hands of Japan?
Answer: strike on Pearl Harbor

Question: What had not suffered the effects of Japan's attacks on Pearl Harbor?
Answer: vital naval infrastructure (fuel oil tanks, shipyard facilities, and a power station), submarine base, and signals intelligence units

Question: What is the main idea of the passage?
Answer: At the time of the attack, the U.S. was not officially at war anywhere in the world, which means that the people killed or property destroyed at Pearl Harbor by the Japanese attack had a non-combatant status

Question: What was the US's best assets during this time?
Answer: aircraft carriers

Question: Where did Japan attack the US from?
Answer: air

Question: How did Japan notify the US of the air strike?
Answer: without explicit warning

Question: What was Japan's Plan B?
Answer: relying on a war of attrition to make the U.S. come to terms

Question: What was the number of fatalities die to the initial attack?
Answer: and
Pacific_War

Nishimura's force consisted of two battleships, one cruiser and four destroyers. Because they were observing radio silence, Nishimura was unable to synchronize with Shima and Kurita. Nishimura and Shima had failed to even coordinate their plans before the attacks – they were long-time rivals and neither wished to have anything to do with the other. When he entered the narrow Surigao Strait at about 02:00, Shima was 22 miles (40 km) behind him, and Kurita was still in the Sibuyan Sea, several hours from the beaches at Leyte. As they passed Panaon Island, Nishimura's force ran into a trap set for them by the U.S.-Australian 7th Fleet Support Force. R. Adm. Jesse Oldendorf had six battleships, four heavy cruisers, four light cruisers, 29 destroyers and 39 PT boats. To pass the strait and reach the landings, Nishimura had to run the gauntlet. At about 03:00 the Japanese battleship Fusō and three destroyers were hit by torpedoes and Fusō broke in two. At 03:50 the U.S. battleships opened fire. Radar fire control meant they could hit targets from a much greater distance than the Japanese. The battleship Yamashiro, a cruiser and a destroyer were crippled by 16-inch (406 mm) shells; Yamashiro sank at 04:19. Only one of Nishimura's force of seven ships survived the engagement. At 04:25 Shima's force of two cruisers and eight destroyers reached the battle. Seeing Fusō and believing her to be the wrecks of two battleships, Shima ordered a retreat, ending the last battleship-vs-battleship action in history.

Question: What type of ship did Nishimura have the most of?
Answer: destroyers

Question: what is the first group mentioned?
Answer: Nishimura's force

Question: What type of ship did Nishimura have the least of?
Answer: cruiser

Question: what is the last type of craft mentioned?
Answer: battleship

Question: what is the second type of vehicle mentioned?
Answer: cruiser

Question: Who had fewer destroyers, Nishimura or Oldendorf?
Answer: Nishimura

Question: What type of ship did Nishimura have more of than cruisers but less of the destroyers?
Answer: battleships

Question: Which of the following people did not work for the Japanese: Nishimura, Shima, or Oldendorf?
Answer: Oldendorf

Question: Which of the following was a Japanese battleship: the Shima, the Oldendorf, or the Yamashiro?
Answer: Yamashiro

Question: what is the first type of vehicle mentioned?
Answer: battleships

Question: what is the third type of vehicle mentioned?
Answer: destroyers
Pacific_War

Australia had been shocked by the speedy collapse of British Malaya and Fall of Singapore in which around 15,000 Australian soldiers became prisoners of war. Curtin predicted that the "battle for Australia" would now follow. The Japanese established a major base in the Australian Territory of New Guinea in early 1942. On 19 February, Darwin suffered a devastating air raid, the first time the Australian mainland had been attacked. Over the following 19 months, Australia was attacked from the air almost 100 times.

Question: what is the first continent mentioned?
Answer: Australia

Question: Who captured 15,000 soldiers after the Fall of Singapore?
Answer: The Japanese

Question: name the last continent mentioned?
Answer: Australia

Question: Which city was first attacked from the air?
Answer: Darwin

Question: When was Australia first attacked from the air?
Answer: February

Question: what is the first ethnicity mentioned?
Answer: British

Question: what is the first set of states mentioned after Australia?
Answer: British Malaya

Question: what is the first island city mentioned?
Answer: Singapore

Question: Who is responsible for the collapse of British Malaya?
Answer: The Japanese

Question: What is the period of time that started with the first air raid?
Answer: 19 months

Question: After what event did the battle of Australia take place?
Answer: the speedy collapse of British Malaya and Fall of Singapore

Question: Who won during the Fall of Singapore?
Answer: The Japanese

Question: What army is mentioned in the text as enemy to the Australians?
Answer: The Japanese