UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
Symbiosis

Commensalism describes a relationship between two living organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or helped. It is derived from the English word commensal used of human social interaction. The word derives from the medieval Latin word, formed from com- and mensa, meaning "sharing a table".

Question: The English word of table is translated to Latin as?
Answer: mensa

Question: If an organism is harmed during symbiosis, then that interaction is not considered to be a what?
Answer: Commensalism

Question: Which, between com- and mensa, can we assume is NOT the Latin word for table?
Answer: com-

Question: A bird that sleeps on top of another animal, but does not aid nor cause any damage to it may be engaged in what kind of interaction?
Answer: Commensalism

Question: What, in terms of etymology, came first: commensal or commensalism?
Answer: commensal

Question: Which word, in terms of etymology, came first: commensal or commensalism?
Answer: commensal

Question: What, can we assume from the passage, is the Latin word for table?
Answer: mensa

Question: What comes from the word "commensal"?
Answer: Commensalism

Question: Sharing is the English translation of which Latin prefix?
Answer: com-

Question: An adjective that describes something as beloging to society or an organization is called?
Answer: social

Question: Which, between com- and mensa, can we assume is the Latin word for table?
Answer: mensa
Symbiosis

The biologist Lynn Margulis, famous for her work on endosymbiosis, contends that symbiosis is a major driving force behind evolution. She considers Darwin's notion of evolution, driven by competition, to be incomplete and claims that evolution is strongly based on co-operation, interaction, and mutual dependence among organisms. According to Margulis and Dorion Sagan, "Life did not take over the globe by combat, but by networking."

Question: How are Darwin's views viewed?
Answer: incomplete

Question: What was a takeaway from a famous work?
Answer: be incomplete and claims that evolution is strongly based on co-operation, interaction, and mutual dependence among organisms

Question: What was the aim of the work?
Answer: contends that symbiosis is a major driving force behind evolution

Question: __ was married to Emma Wedgwood
Answer: Darwin

Question: What doesn't Sagan believe life did through fighting?
Answer: take over the globe

Question: How does Darwin's notion differ from Margulis'?
Answer: driven by competition

Question: How does the scientists work compare to other famous works?
Answer: symbiosis is a major driving force behind evolution

Question: What was a key takeaway?
Answer: Life did not take over the globe by combat, but by networking

Question: How is Darwin's notion incomplete?
Answer: strongly based on co-operation, interaction, and mutual dependence among organisms

Question: What does Margulis think is not fully formed?
Answer: Darwin's notion of evolution

Question: What made Margulis well known?
Answer: her work on endosymbiosis

Question: __ was married to Carl Sagan.
Answer: Lynn Margulis

Question: __ died in 2011.
Answer: Lynn Margulis

Question: What is mutual dependence among organisms?
Answer: symbiosis
Symbiosis

Symbiosis (from Greek σύν "together" and βίωσις "living") is close and often long-term interaction between two different biological species. In 1877 Albert Bernhard Frank used the word symbiosis (which previously had been used to depict people living together in community) to describe the mutualistic relationship in lichens. In 1879, the German mycologist Heinrich Anton de Bary defined it as "the living together of unlike organisms."

Question: Was it Frank or Bary who did NOT define it as "the living together of unlike organisms"?
Answer: Frank

Question: What is the meaning of the word symbiosis?
Answer: together" and βίωσις "living"

Question: Besides lichens what living things can be used to describe living together?
Answer: people

Question: What is the Greek word for together?
Answer: σύν

Question: Other than animals, what has the word symbiosis been used to describe?
Answer: people living together in community

Question: What happened in the 77th year of the 19th century?
Answer: Albert Bernhard Frank used the word symbiosis (which previously had been used to depict people living together in community) to describe the mutualistic relationship in lichens

Question: Which species was first described using the word symbiosis?
Answer: lichens

Question: What kind of living thing is used to describe living together?
Answer: lichens

Question: Was it Frank or Bary who did NOT, in 1877, use the word symbiosis to describe the mutualistic relationship in lichens?
Answer: Bary

Question: What is the Greek word for living?
Answer: βίωσις
Kathmandu

The city generally has a climate with warm days followed by cool nights and mornings. Unpredictable weather is expected, given that temperatures can drop to 1 °C (34 °F) or less during the winter. During a 2013 cold front, the winter temperatures of Kathmandu dropped to −4 °C (25 °F), and the lowest temperature was recorded on January 10, 2013, at −9.2 °C (15.4 °F). Rainfall is mostly monsoon-based (about 65% of the total concentrated during the monsoon months of June to August), and decreases substantially (100 to 200 cm (39 to 79 in)) from eastern Nepal to western Nepal. Rainfall has been recorded at about 1,400 millimetres (55.1 in) for the Kathmandu valley, and averages 1,407 millimetres (55.4 in) for the city of Kathmandu. On average humidity is 75%. The chart below is based on data from the Nepal Bureau of Standards & Meteorology, "Weather Meteorology" for 2005. The chart provides minimum and maximum temperatures during each month. The annual amount of precipitation was 1,124 millimetres (44.3 in) for 2005, as per monthly data included in the table above. The decade of 2000-2010 saw highly variable and unprecedented precipitation anomalies in Kathmandu. This was mostly due to the annual variation of the southwest monsoon.[citation needed] For example, 2003 was the wettest year ever in Kathmandu, totalling over 2,900 mm (114 in) of precipitation due to an exceptionally strong monsoon season. In contrast, 2001 recorded only 356 mm (14 in) of precipitation due to an extraordinarily weak monsoon season.

Question: Where would wet days be most likely to occur in Nepal?
Answer: monsoon months

Question: Which of the following does the Nepal Bureau of Standards & Meteorology not provide: minimum temperatures, humidity or maximum temperatures?
Answer: humidity

Question: What caused a dry season in the early 2000's
Answer: an extraordinarily weak monsoon season

Question: What's the coldest it gets in Kathmandu?
Answer: the lowest temperature was recorded on January 10, 2013, at −9.2 °C (15.4 °F)

Question: Where does most of the rain come from?
Answer: monsoon

Question: What is most precipation like in Nepal?
Answer: monsoon-based

Question: What happened in Nepal's captial during 2013?
Answer: the winter temperatures of Kathmandu dropped to −4 °C (25 °F

Question: What part of the summer sees the most rain?
Answer: June to August

Question: What causes unusually low rainfall?
Answer: an extraordinarily weak monsoon season

Question: What causes higher than normal rainfall?
Answer: an exceptionally strong monsoon season

Question: What caused more unstable weather than normal in Kathmandu during the first decade of the century?
Answer: unprecedented precipitation anomalies in

Question: Which gets more rain, the Kathmandu valley or the city of Kathmandu?
Answer: city of Kathmandu

Question: Which came first, the wettest year in Kathmandu or the lowest temperature?
Answer: wettest year ever in Kathmandu
Kathmandu

The ancient history of Kathmandu is described in its traditional myths and legends. According to Swayambhu Purana, present-day Kathmandu was once a huge and deep lake names "Nagdaha" as it was full of snakes. The lake was cut drained by Bodhisatwa Manjusri with his sword and the water was evacuated out from there and he established a city called Manjupattan and made Dharmakar the ruler of the valley land. After sometimes, a demon named Banasur closed the outlet and the valley was again a lake. Then lots Krishna came to Nepal, killed Banasur and again drained out water. He has brought some Gops with him and made Bhuktaman the king of Nepal.

Question: Who did not want the lake drained?
Answer: Banasur

Question: What was transformed into a lake by a demon?
Answer: the valley

Question: Which of the following was never a ruler: Bhuktaman, Swayambhu Purana or Dharmakar?
Answer: Swayambhu Purana

Question: Who was the second leader of the valley?
Answer: Bhuktaman

Question: Who was the one who determined the ruler of Nepal?
Answer: Krishna

Question: What once lived where Manjupattan was established?
Answer: snakes

Question: What object was first used to dry out the area?
Answer: sword

Question: What kind of text is the account of Kathmandu?
Answer: myths and legends

Question: What caused the flooding of Manjupattan?
Answer: a demon named Banasur

Question: Who is the last ruler of Nepal mentioned here?
Answer: Bhuktaman

Question: Which of the following is the name of a city: Nagdaha, Banasur or Dharmakar?
Answer: Nagdaha

Question: Who created a valley for the second time?
Answer: Krishna

Question: Which word used in singular has nowadays the meaning of Grand Old Party?
Answer: Gops
Kathmandu

Kathmandu is home to Nepali cinema and theaters. The city contains several theaters, including the National Dance Theatre in Kanti Path, the Ganga Theatre, the Himalayan Theatre and the Aarohan Theater Group founded in 1982. The M. Art Theater is based in the city. The Gurukul School of Theatre organizes the Kathmandu International Theater Festival, attracting artists from all over the world. A mini theater is also located at the Hanumandhoka Durbar Square, established by the Durbar Conservation and Promotion Committee.

Question: Between the Ganga Theatre and National Dance Theatre, which one is in Kanti Path?
Answer: National Dance Theatre

Question: Name one theater in Kathmandu that does not specialize in dance.
Answer: The M. Art Theater

Question: Kathmandu culture is also?
Answer: Nepali

Question: Name one theatre in Kathmandu that specializes in something other than cinema.
Answer: the National Dance Theatre in Kanti Path

Question: What type of settlement is Kathmandu?
Answer: city

Question: Who comes to the Kathmandu International theater Festival?
Answer: artists

Question: The Ganga Theatre is of what culture?
Answer: Nepali
Kathmandu

Kathmandu is a center for art in Nepal, displaying the work of contemporary artists in the country and also collections of historical artists. Patan in particular is an ancient city noted for its fine arts and crafts. Art in Kathmandu is vibrant, demonstrating a fusion of traditionalism and modern art, derived from a great number of national, Asian, and global influences. Nepali art is commonly divided into two areas: the idealistic traditional painting known as Paubhas in Nepal and perhaps more commonly known as Thangkas in Tibet, closely linked to the country's religious history and on the other hand the contemporary western-style painting, including nature-based compositions or abstract artwork based on Tantric elements and social themes of which painters in Nepal are well noted for. Internationally, the British-based charity, the Kathmandu Contemporary Art Centre is involved with promoting arts in Kathmandu.

Question: Where is art derived from other than national and global influences?
Answer: Asian

Question: How many influences are there for Nepali art?
Answer: a great number

Question: What kind of older art can you find in Kathmandu of Nepal?
Answer: traditionalism

Question: What kind of artists are shown in Kathmandu?
Answer: contemporary artists in the country and also collections of historical artists

Question: Where is the Kathmandu Art Centre located?
Answer: British-based

Question: What 2 types of art are made in Nepal?
Answer: idealistic traditional painting known as Paubhas in Nepal and perhaps more commonly known as Thangkas in Tibet, closely linked to the country's religious history and on the other hand the contemporary western-style painting

Question: How can Patan, itself, be described?
Answer: ancient city

Question: What scope of art in Nepal is known as another name?
Answer: Paubhas

Question: Where do they get the art pieces that are in the center for art in Nepal?
Answer: national, Asian, and global influences

Question: What is Paubas?
Answer: idealistic traditional painting

Question: How is art in Kathmandu described?
Answer: vibrant, demonstrating a fusion of traditionalism and modern art
Kathmandu

With the opening of the tourist industry after the change in the political scenario of Nepal in 1950, the hotel industry drastically improved. Now Kathmandu boasts several luxury such as the Hyatt Regency, Dwarika's, theYak & Yeti, The Everest Hotel, Hotel Radisson, Hotel De L'Annapurna, The Malla Hotel, Shangri-La Hotel (which is not operated by the Shangri-La Hotel Group) and The Shanker Hotel. There are several four-star hotels such as Hotel Vaishali, Hotel Narayani, The Blue Star and Grand Hotel. The Garden Hotel, Hotel Ambassador, and Aloha Inn are among the three-star hotels in Kathmandu. Hotels like Hyatt Regency, De L'Annapurna and Hotel Yak & Yeti are among the five-star hotels providing casinos as well.

Question: What happened after the political scenario in Nepal changed?
Answer: the hotel industry drastically improved

Question: What added feature is common among five-star hotels in Kathmandu?
Answer: casinos

Question: What hotels don't have 4 stars in Nepal?
Answer: The Garden Hotel, Hotel Ambassador, and Aloha Inn

Question: What high end hotels were opened as a result of the political scenario in Nepal dating back to 1950?
Answer: Hyatt Regency, Dwarika's, theYak & Yeti, The Everest Hotel, Hotel Radisson, Hotel De L'Annapurna, The Malla Hotel, Shangri-La Hotel (which is not operated by the Shangri-La Hotel Group) and The Shanker Hotel

Question: What are some of the hotels in Nepal that come after the luxury hotels?
Answer: Hotel Vaishali, Hotel Narayani, The Blue Star and Grand Hotel

Question: What happened to expand tourism in Nepal?
Answer: the change in the political scenario

Question: What hotels with average amenities were opened in Nepal after the political scenario in 1950?
Answer: The Garden Hotel, Hotel Ambassador, and Aloha Inn

Question: What is included at the Hyatt Regency?
Answer: casinos

Question: What changed in Nepal that led to the growth in the tourist industry?
Answer: the political scenario

Question: What are the best rated hotels in Nepal?
Answer: Hotel Vaishali, Hotel Narayani, The Blue Star and Grand Hotel

Question: What kind of people would visit 5 star hotels in the country?
Answer: tourist
Kathmandu

Most of the cuisines found in Kathmandu are non-vegetarian. However, the practice of vegetarianism is not uncommon, and vegetarian cuisines can be found throughout the city. Consumption of beef is very uncommon and considered taboo in many places. Buff (meat of water buffalo) is very common. There is a strong tradition of buff consumption in Kathmandu, especially among Newars, which is not found in other parts of Nepal. Consumption of pork was considered taboo until a few decades ago. Due to the intermixing with Kirat cuisine from eastern Nepal, pork has found a place in Kathmandu dishes. A fringe population of devout Hindus and Muslims consider it taboo. The Muslims forbid eating buff as from Quran while Hindus eat all varieties except Cow's meat as the consider Cow to be a goddess and symbol of purity. The chief breakfast for locals and visitors is mostly Momo or Chowmein.

Question: What meat is basically not eaten in Kathmandu?
Answer: beef

Question: Who will not eat pork under any circumstances?
Answer: fringe population of devout Hindus and Muslims

Question: What is found to be common among the citizens?
Answer: practice of vegetarianism

Question: Buff isn't allowed for?
Answer: Muslims

Question: Who avoids eating water buffalo?
Answer: Muslims

Question: What meat used to be avoided in Kathmandu but not anymore?
Answer: pork

Question: What do Muslims feel about cows?
Answer: consider Cow to be a goddess and symbol of purity

Question: Eating buff does not violate the cow what?
Answer: taboo

Question: What cuisine is not known for pork dishes: Kirat or Newars?
Answer: Newars

Question: What might a person eat in the morning in Kathmandu?
Answer: Momo or Chowmein
Kathmandu

Institute of Medicine, the central college of Tribhuwan University is the first medical college of Nepal and is located in Maharajgunj, Kathmandu. It was established in 1972 and started to impart medical education from 1978. A number of medical colleges including Kathmandu Medical College, Nepal Medical College, KIST Medical College, Nepal Army Institute of Health Sciences, National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS) and Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), are also located in or around Kathmandu.

Question: What is KUSMS?
Answer: medical colleges

Question: What does the K in "KUSMS" stand for?
Answer: Kathmandu

Question: What does the U in "KUSMS" stand for?
Answer: University

Question: What is Nepal Army Institute of Health Sciences?
Answer: medical colleges

Question: Where can you study medicine in Nepal?
Answer: Institute of Medicine

Question: What does the first S in "KUSMS" stand for?
Answer: School

Question: What does the second S in "KUSMS" stand for?
Answer: Sciences

Question: What does the M in "KUSMS" stand for?
Answer: Medical

Question: What is Kathmandu Medical College?
Answer: medical colleges

Question: What is Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences?
Answer: medical colleges
Kathmandu

Sikhism is practiced primarily in Gurudwara at Kupundole. An earlier temple of Sikhism is also present in Kathmandu which is now defunct. Jainism is practiced by a small community. A Jain temple is present in Gyaneshwar, where Jains practice their faith. According to the records of the Spiritual Assembly of the Baha'is of Nepal, there are approximately 300 Baha'is in Kathmandu valley. They have a National Office located in Shantinagar, Baneshwor. The Baha'is also have classes for children at the National Centre and other localities in Kathmandu. Islam is practised in Kathmandu but Muslims are a minority, accounting for about 4.2% of the population of Nepal.[citation needed] It is said that in Kathmandu alone there are 170 Christian churches. Christian missionary hospitals, welfare organizations, and schools are also operating. Nepali citizens who served as soldiers in Indian and British armies, who had converted to Christianity while in service, on return to Nepal continue to practice their religion. They have contributed to the spread of Christianity and the building of churches in Nepal and in Kathmandu, in particular.

Question: Why has Christianity grown in Nepal?
Answer: Nepali citizens who served as soldiers in Indian and British armies, who had converted to Christianity while in service, on return to Nepal continue to practice their religion

Question: Which religion makes up 4.2% of the population of Nepal, Christianity, Sikhism, Jainism, or Islam?
Answer: Islam

Question: Where was a temple built first, Gurudwara or Kathmandu?
Answer: Kathmandu

Question: What did Christian Nepali citizens who did military service for India and Britain make when they returned to their country of origin?
Answer: churches

Question: Which religion has a no longer active Temple located in Kathmandu?
Answer: Sikhism

Question: Which group serves children?
Answer: Baha'is

Question: By the number, are there more Bahai's in Kathmandu or churches in Kathmandu?
Answer: Baha'is

Question: What religion has a central office in Baneshwor?
Answer: Spiritual Assembly of the Baha'is of Nepal

Question: Which group has done much to serve Kathmandu?
Answer: Christianity

Question: What monotheistic religion is practiced heavily in Nepal?
Answer: Christian

Question: Which religion has the least adherents in Kathmandu?
Answer: Baha'is

Question: Adherents who wear turbans can be found in __
Answer: Kupundole

Question: Where do Sikh's worship?
Answer: temple
Kathmandu

Kumari Ghar is a palace in the center of the Kathmandu city, next to the Durbar square where a Royal Kumari selected from several Kumaris resides. Kumari, or Kumari Devi, is the tradition of worshipping young pre-pubescent girls as manifestations of the divine female energy or devi in South Asian countries. In Nepal the selection process is very rigorous. Kumari is believed to be the bodily incarnation of the goddess Taleju (the Nepali name for Durga) until she menstruates, after which it is believed that the goddess vacates her body. Serious illness or a major loss of blood from an injury are also causes for her to revert to common status. The current Royal Kumari, Matina Shakya, age four, was installed in October 2008 by the Maoist government that replaced the monarchy.

Question: Which of the following is the name of a human: Matina Shakya, Taleju or Durbar?
Answer: Matina Shakya

Question: Which of the following is not the name of a goddess: Taleju, Durga, or Kumari?
Answer: Kumari

Question: What do young girls represent in Napal?
Answer: devi

Question: What happens when a young girl hits puberty?
Answer: she menstruates

Question: Who does the Kumari celebrate?
Answer: the bodily incarnation of the goddess Taleju

Question: Who is at the center of the Kumari Devi worship?
Answer: Royal Kumari

Question: Which of the following does not cause the Kumari to revert to common status: menstruation, worshiping or serious illness?
Answer: worshipping

Question: Where does the Kumari worship ceremony take place?
Answer: Kumari Ghar
Arena_Football_League

On February 17, 2010, AF1 announced it would use the "Arena Football League" name. The league announced plans for the upcoming season and details of its contract with NFL Network to broadcast AFL games in 2010. AF1 teams were given the option of restoring historical names to their teams. In addition to the historical teams, the league added two new expansion franchises, the Dallas Vigilantes and the Jacksonville Sharks.

Question: A football team not from Texas is?
Answer: Jacksonville Sharks

Question: The National Football League refers to which acronym?
Answer: NFL

Question: Animals that were a topic of interest in the movie Jaws are?
Answer: Sharks

Question: Siaha Burley is the head coach of __
Answer: Jacksonville Sharks

Question: The AFL is involved in what activity?
Answer: Football

Question: Jonathan Bane is the starting quarterback for __
Answer: Jacksonville Sharks

Question: __ play at the Vystar Veterans Memorial Arena.
Answer: Jacksonville Sharks

Question: The Vigilantes and Sharks don't have what?
Answer: historical names

Question: Individuals that take the law into their own hands are called?
Answer: Vigilantes

Question: The Vigilantes and Sharks are not?
Answer: historical teams

Question: A city that is not in the state of Florida is?
Answer: Dallas