UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
Cubism

The term Cubism did not come into general usage until 1911, mainly with reference to Metzinger, Gleizes, Delaunay, and Léger. In 1911, the poet and critic Guillaume Apollinaire accepted the term on behalf of a group of artists invited to exhibit at the Brussels Indépendants. The following year, in preparation for the Salon de la Section d'Or, Metzinger and Gleizes wrote and published Du "Cubisme" in an effort to dispel the confusion raging around the word, and as a major defence of Cubism (which had caused a public scandal following the 1911 Salon des Indépendants and the 1912 Salon d'Automne in Paris). Clarifying their aims as artists, this work was the first theoretical treatise on Cubism and it still remains the clearest and most intelligible. The result, not solely a collaboration between its two authors, reflected discussions by the circle of artists who met in Puteaux and Courbevoie. It mirrored the attitudes of the "artists of Passy", which included Picabia and the Duchamp brothers, to whom sections of it were read prior to publication. The concept developed in Du "Cubisme" of observing a subject from different points in space and time simultaneously, i.e., the act of moving around an object to seize it from several successive angles fused into a single image (multiple viewpoints, mobile perspective, simultaneity or multiplicity), is a generally recognized device used by the Cubists.

Question: what occupation is mentioned second?
Answer: critic

Question: what occupation is mentioned first?
Answer: poet

Question: which artist is mentioned fourth?
Answer: Léger

Question: what group is mentioned last?
Answer: Cubists

Question: which artist is mentioned second?
Answer: Gleizes
Mali

Although Mali has enjoyed a reasonably good inter-ethnic relationships based on the long history of coexistence, some hereditary servitude and bondage relationship exist, as well as ethnic tension between settled Songhai and nomadic Tuaregs of the north. Due to a backlash against the northern population after independence, Mali is now in a situation where both groups complain about discrimination on the part of the other group. This conflict also plays a role in the continuing Northern Mali conflict where there is a tension between both Tuaregs and the Malian government, and the Tuaregs and radical Islamists who are trying to establish sharia law.

Question: What two groups are complaining about the other now?
Answer: Songhai and nomadic Tuaregs

Question: How do we know that life in Mali could be better?
Answer: some hereditary servitude and bondage relationship exist, as well as ethnic tension between settled Songhai and nomadic Tuaregs of the north

Question: What was going on behind the scenes while they had peace?
Answer: some hereditary servitude and bondage relationship exist, as well as ethnic tension

Question: Who is Mali government having issues with besides Tuaregs?
Answer: radical Islamists

Question: Who do the Tuaregs have issues with: the Malian government or the northern population?
Answer: Malian government

Question: What would Mali need to get rid of in order to improve relations among residents?
Answer: hereditary servitude and bondage relationship exist, as well as ethnic tension between settled Songhai and nomadic Tuaregs of the north

Question: Who is against imposing sharia law?
Answer: Tuaregs

Question: Who are the Tuaregs working with, currently?
Answer: radical Islamists

Question: What needs to be addressed before Mali can improve its ethnic relations?
Answer: hereditary servitude and bondage relationship exist, as well as ethnic tension between settled Songhai and nomadic Tuaregs of the north

Question: Who is having problems with Tuaregs and radical Islamists?
Answer: Malian government

Question: How are the Songhai different from Tuaregs?
Answer: settled

Question: What plays a role in continuing conflict?
Answer: discrimination on the part of the other group
Mali

26 March 1991 is the day that marks the clash between military soldiers and peaceful demonstrating students which climaxed in the massacre of dozens under the orders of then President Moussa Traoré. He and three associates were later tried and convicted and received the death sentence for their part in the decision-making of that day. Nowadays, the day is a national holiday in order to remember the tragic events and the people that were killed.[unreliable source?] The coup is remembered as Mali's March Revolution of 1991.

Question: What was given that led to dead students?
Answer: orders

Question: What is the final result of the killings?
Answer: a national holiday

Question: How many were held responsible for the deaths that day?
Answer: President Moussa Traoré. He and three associates

Question: At what specific point in history did peace turn into bloodshed?
Answer: 26 March 1991

Question: Why was the president executed?
Answer: the decision-making of that day

Question: Where did military soldiers and demonstrating students clash?
Answer: Mali

Question: Who, aside from the leader, died because of causing the death of students?
Answer: three associates

Question: What occurred that is in contrast to the amicable nature of the students?
Answer: massacre

Question: If someone is talking about it, what words would they use to reference it?
Answer: Mali's March Revolution of 1991

Question: Which is not a last name, Coup or Traore?
Answer: coup

Question: Which is not a last name, Traore or March?
Answer: March
Mali

Mali's constitution provides for an independent judiciary, but the executive continues to exercise influence over the judiciary by virtue of power to appoint judges and oversee both judicial functions and law enforcement. Mali's highest courts are the Supreme Court, which has both judicial and administrative powers, and a separate Constitutional Court that provides judicial review of legislative acts and serves as an election arbiter. Various lower courts exist, though village chiefs and elders resolve most local disputes in rural areas.

Question: Who does the mediating in Mali courts?
Answer: Constitutional Court

Question: The Supreme Court and Constitutional Court are?
Answer: Mali's highest courts

Question: __agencies tend to be limited to operating within a specified jurisdiction
Answer: law enforcement

Question: A judge works for the?
Answer: judiciary

Question: What keeps law enforcement accountable in Mali?
Answer: executive continues to exercise influence over the judiciary by virtue of power to appoint judges

Question: __ consists of eight regions.
Answer: Mali

Question: __ most concerned with the prevention and punishment of crimes.
Answer: law enforcement
Plymouth

In the First World War, Devonport was the headquarters of Western Approaches Command until 1941 and Sunderland flying boats were operated by the Royal Australian Air Force. It was an important embarkation point for US troops for D-Day. The city was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe, in a series of 59 raids known as the Plymouth Blitz. Although the dockyards were the principal targets, much of the city centre and over 3,700 houses were completely destroyed and more than 1,000 civilians lost their lives. This was largely due to Plymouth's status as a major port Charles Church was hit by incendiary bombs and partially destroyed in 1941 during the Blitz, but has not been demolished, as it is now an official permanent monument to the bombing of Plymouth during World War II.

Question: How did more than 1,000 civilians lose their lives?
Answer: the Plymouth Blitz

Question: What has not been demolished since being partially destroyed?
Answer: Charles Church

Question: What was not officially destroyed and instead became a monument to the bombings but it was what?
Answer: Charles Church was hit by incendiary bombs and partially destroyed

Question: What happened later, the Royal Australian Air Force flying Sunderland seaplanes or the Luftwaffe bombing Plymouth?
Answer: the Luftwaffe

Question: When did Australia's air fighting forces operate Sunderland flying boats?
Answer: First World War

Question: How did Devonport factor in WWI?
Answer: Western Approaches Command until 1941

Question: What resulted in the suburban areas of Plymouth?
Answer: over 3,700 houses were completely destroyed and more than 1,000 civilians lost their lives

Question: The boats operated by the Royal Air Force were what kind and until when?
Answer: until 1941 and Sunderland flying boats were operated by the Royal Australian Air Force

Question: Who paid heavily for the Plymouth Blitz?
Answer: more than 1,000 civilians lost their lives

Question: Plymouth was bombed during when?
Answer: 1941 during the Blitz, but has not been demolished, as it is now an official permanent monument to the bombing of Plymouth during World War II

Question: What was destroyed other than the 3, 700 houses?
Answer: city centre

Question: What were the types of explosives that hit the Church in Plymouth?
Answer: This was largely due to Plymouth's status as a major port Charles Church was hit by incendiary bombs

Question: What city was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe?
Answer: Devonport

Question: What was the Luftwaffe trying to hit when they destroyed 3,700 houses?
Answer: dockyards

Question: How did 1,000 lose their lives?
Answer: city was heavily bombed

Question: The Royal Air Force of what country commanded the Sunderland flying boats?
Answer: Australian
Plymouth

During the First World War, Plymouth was the port of entry for many troops from around the Empire and also developed as a facility for the manufacture of munitions. Although major units of the Royal Navy moved to the safety of Scapa Flow, Devonport was an important base for escort vessels and repairs. Flying boats operated from Mount Batten.

Question: What came from Plymouth?
Answer: munitions

Question: Martin PBM Mariner and the Dornier Do X were both examples of what kind of vehicle?
Answer: Flying boats

Question: Where was the construction of ammo completed?
Answer: Plymouth

Question: The Royal Navy moved what to Scapa Flow?
Answer: major units

Question: In the First World War, what port was used for fixing things?
Answer: Devonport

Question: What was the area called where Plymouth was the main port of entry?
Answer: Empire

Question: Scapa Flow was used for what purpose?
Answer: safety

Question: The transfer and anchorage of the Royal Navy occured when?
Answer: First World War

Question: Which location was more dangerous for the navy?
Answer: Devonport

Question: What type of vessels were not in Devonport?
Answer: Flying boats

Question: The act of moving through the air is called?
Answer: Flying

Question: The entry was also called a what?
Answer: port

Question: Rifles, boats , cannons, and ammunition used in war can all be referred to as military...?
Answer: munitions

Question: The UK millitary force that operates boats and vessels is called?
Answer: Royal Navy

Question: The port was used for what?
Answer: entry for many troops from around the Empire and also developed as a facility for the manufacture of munitions
Plymouth

Upper Palaeolithic deposits, including bones of Homo sapiens, have been found in local caves, and artefacts dating from the Bronze Age to the Middle Iron Age have been found at Mount Batten showing that it was one of the main trading ports of the country at that time. An unidentified settlement named 'TAMARI OSTIA' (mouth/estuaries of the Tamar) is listed in Ptolemy's Geographia and is presumed to be located in the area of the modern city.

Question: What is Tamari Ostia?
Answer: An unidentified settlement

Question: __ was the first of the protohistoric European periods.
Answer: Iron

Question: __ has suffered from coastal erosion.
Answer: Mount Batten

Question: Sub-Saharan Africa skipped the __ Age.
Answer: Bronze

Question: What was left of homo sapiens?
Answer: bones

Question: What era was Tamari Ostia from?
Answer: Ptolemy

Question: What was found at Mount Batten?
Answer: artefacts

Question: Where were artifacts found?
Answer: in local caves

Question: What evidence of trading has been found?
Answer: artefacts
Plymouth

The Exeter to Plymouth railway of the LSWR needs to be reopened to connect Cornwall and Plymouth to the rest of the UK railway system on an all weather basis. There are proposals to reopen the line from Tavistock to Bere Alston for a through service to Plymouth. On the night of 4 February 2014, amid high winds and extremely rough seas, part of the sea wall at Dawlish was breached washing away around 40 metres (130 ft) of the wall and the ballast under the railway immediately behind. The line was closed. Network Rail began repair work  and the line reopened on 4 April 2014. In the wake of widespread disruption caused by damage to the mainline track at Dawlish by coastal storms in February 2014, Network Rail are considering reopening the Tavistock to Okehampton and Exeter section of the line as an alternative to the coastal route.

Question: What was the outcome of the disaster?
Answer: part of the sea wall at Dawlish was breached washing away around 40 metres (130 ft) of the wall and the ballast under the railway immediately behind

Question: How was the destruction of the sea wall related to train routes?
Answer: the ballast under the railway

Question: What caused passage to not be permitted to the mentioned destination?
Answer: high winds and extremely rough seas

Question: what is the last place mentioned?
Answer: Exeter

Question: what is the second to last place mentioned?
Answer: Okehampton

Question: What determines the closure of the railway?
Answer: weather

Question: what is the third to last place mentioned?
Answer: Tavistock

Question: How can you get to Plymouth?
Answer: Exeter

Question: where do people need to be able to go?
Answer: the rest of the UK

Question: what is the first place mentioned?
Answer: Exeter

Question: What does the Exeter railway serve as?
Answer: an alternative

Question: what natural occurrences are mentioned last?
Answer: coastal storms
Plymouth

From the 2011 Census, the Office for National Statistics published that Plymouth's unitary authority area population was 256,384; 15,664 more people than that of the last census from 2001, which indicated that Plymouth had a population of 240,720. The Plymouth urban area had a population of 260,203 in 2011 (the urban sprawl which extends outside the authority's boundaries). The city's average household size was 2.3 persons. At the time of the 2011 UK census, the ethnic composition of Plymouth's population was 96.2% White (of 92.9% was White British), with the largest minority ethnic group being Chinese at 0.5%. The white Irish ethnic group saw the largest decline in its share of the population since the 2001 Census (-24%), while the Other Asian and Black African had the largest increases (360% and 351% respectively). This excludes the two new ethnic groups added to the 2011 census of Gypsy or Irish Traveller and Arab. The population rose rapidly during the second half of the 19th century, but declined by over 1.6% from 1931 to 1951.

Question: Which group, in 2011, saw the largest population increase in Plymouth?
Answer: Other Asian

Question: How has this change happened?
Answer: 15,664 more people than that of the last census from 2001

Question: Was Plymouth's unitary authority area population greater than 250,000 in 2011 or 2001?
Answer: 2011

Question: Which group, in 2011, saw the second largest population increase in Plymouth?
Answer: Black African

Question: Which was smaller in 2011, the Plymouth urban area population or Plymouth's unitary authority area population?
Answer: Plymouth's unitary authority area population

Question: Which group, in 2011, was the most prominent racial demographic in Plymouth?
Answer: White

Question: What ethnicity lost the largest portion of the population?
Answer: white Irish ethnic group

Question: Which group had the lower percentage increase in population, Other Asian or Black African?
Answer: Black African

Question: What is the difference in white and white british?
Answer: 92.9% was White British

Question: What group had the largest increase?
Answer: the Other Asian and Black African had the largest increases (360% and 351% respectively)

Question: Was Plymouth's unitary authority area population higher in 2011 or 2001?
Answer: 2011

Question: What happened in the second decade of the century?
Answer: the Office for National Statistics published that Plymouth's unitary authority area population was 256,384
Plymouth

Plymouth is often used as a base by visitors to Dartmoor, the Tamar Valley and the beaches of south-east Cornwall. Kingsand, Cawsand and Whitsand Bay are popular.

Question: What conjunction is part of the names of three popular beaches?
Answer: and

Question: Where is Whitsand Bay situated?
Answer: south-east Cornwall

Question: Where is Cawsand situated?
Answer: south-east Cornwall

Question: What is fourth mentioned location?
Answer: beaches of south-east Cornwall

Question: Which spot do visitors go if they like to swim?
Answer: Kingsand, Cawsand and Whitsand Bay

Question: What is third mentioned location?
Answer: Tamar Valley

Question: If alot of people like to come the place is what?
Answer: popular

Question: What could be mistaken for a car, but is really a place near Cornwall?
Answer: Plymouth

Question: What are some famous points of attractions from Plymouth?
Answer: Dartmoor, the Tamar Valley and the beaches of south-east Cornwall

Question: What attractions are mostly found in south-east Cornwall?
Answer: beaches

Question: WHat is second location?
Answer: Dartmoor
Economy_of_Greece

Greece has tended to lag behind its European Union partners in terms of Internet use, with the gap closing rapidly in recent years. The percentage of households with access to the Internet more than doubled between 2006 and 2013, from 23% to 56% respectively (compared with an EU average of 49% and 79%). At the same time, there has been a massive increase in the proportion of households with a broadband connection, from 4% in 2006 to 55% in 2013 (compared with an EU average of 30% and 76%). However, Greece also has the EU's third highest percentage of people who have never used the Internet: 36% in 2013, down from 65% in 2006 (compared with an EU average of 21% and 42%).

Question: What percent of households in Greece had access to the Internet in 2006?
Answer: 23

Question: What is it called when an item increses in number, so that it is twice as much as when it initially started?
Answer: doubled

Question: Was the percentage of households with a broadband connection in Greece higher in 2006 or 2013?
Answer: 2013

Question: In 2013 how many Europeans could access the web from home?
Answer: 79%

Question: The first phase of bacteria culture growth when it is first introduced to a medium is called?
Answer: lag

Question: In 2006, which had a higher percentage of people who hadn't used the internet: the EU or Greece?
Answer: Greece

Question: Has the increase in percentage of households with broadband connection been larger for Greece or for the EU on average?
Answer: Greece

Question: Was the percentage of households in Greece with access to the Internet higher in 2006 or 2013?
Answer: 2013

Question: Seven multiplied by itself produces what value?
Answer: 49

Question: Was the percentage of people in Greece who have never used the Internet higher in 2006 or 2013?
Answer: 2006

Question: What does EU stand for?
Answer: European Union

Question: What percentage of people in the EU have not used the internet in 2006?
Answer: 42

Question: Was the average percentage of households in EU with access to the Internet higher in 2006 or 2013?
Answer: 2013

Question: Which was lower in 2006: the percentage of Greeks who had never used the internet, or the percentage of Greeks who had household access to the internet?
Answer: The percentage of households with access to the Internet

Question: What direction is an object moving if it is decreasing in altitude?
Answer: down
Economy_of_Greece

Between 1832 and 2002 the currency of Greece was the drachma. After signing the Maastricht Treaty, Greece applied to join the eurozone. The two main convergence criteria were a maximum budget deficit of 3% of GDP and a declining public debt if it stood above 60% of GDP. Greece met the criteria as shown in its 1999 annual public account. On 1 January 2001, Greece joined the eurozone, with the adoption of the euro at the fixed exchange rate ₯340.75 to €1. However, in 2001 the euro only existed electronically, so the physical exchange from drachma to euro only took place on 1 January 2002. This was followed by a ten-year period for eligible exchange of drachma to euro, which ended on 1 March 2012.

Question: Which came first, the end of the ten year exchange period for the drachma, or the initial physical exchange of drachmas for euros?
Answer: physical exchange

Question: What happened before Greece made their application?
Answer: Maastricht Treaty

Question: Why did Greece drop the drachma as its currency?
Answer: Greece joined the eurozone

Question: What was Greece's currency in 2005?
Answer: the euro

Question: How was the drachma to euro conversion done?
Answer: physical exchange

Question: When did drachma become Greece's currency?
Answer: 1832

Question: What was the main result of Greece joining the eurozone?
Answer: exchange of drachma to euro

Question: Which of the following is not a type of currency: drachma, exchange or euro?
Answer: exchange

Question: What things did Greece need to accomplish before it could join the EU?
Answer: maximum budget deficit of 3% of GDP and a declining public debt if it stood above 60% of GDP

Question: Which of the following was lower: the convergence criterion for the budget deficit or for the public debt?
Answer: budget deficit

Question: When did Greece pass the litmus test to join the EU?
Answer: 1999
Economy_of_Greece

In 2008 renewable energy accounted for 8% of the country's total energy consumption, a rise from the 7.2% it accounted for in 2006, but still below the EU average of 10% in 2008. 10% of the country's renewable energy comes from solar power, while most comes from biomass and waste recycling. In line with the European Commission's Directive on Renewable Energy, Greece aims to get 18% of its energy from renewable sources by 2020. In 2013 and for several months, Greece produced more than 20% of its electricity from renewable energy sources and hydroelectric power plants. Greece currently does not have any nuclear power plants in operation, however in 2009 the Academy of Athens suggested that research in the possibility of Greek nuclear power plants begin.

Question: What proportion of the European Union's energy production came from renewable sources in the year that was eight years after the year 2000?
Answer: 10%

Question: What proportion of Greece's energy was from renewable sources in the year that was before 2009?
Answer: 8%

Question: What is the primary source of Greece's renewable energy?
Answer: biomass and waste recycling

Question: Even though it was improved, what region has a better renewable energy profile than the country in question?
Answer: European

Question: What percentage of the energy produced in Greece was from renewable sources in the year that comes three years after 2003?
Answer: 7.2%

Question: What country or region led in total renewable energy use?
Answer: Greece

Question: How much did the renewable energy account for in improvement?
Answer: 7.2%

Question: What consumption in greece was increased, but still below average in the EU?
Answer: renewable energy

Question: What is the current stance on nuclear power in Greece?
Answer: suggested that research in the possibility of Greek nuclear power plants begin

Question: Where did Greece's green electricity sources come from?
Answer: renewable energy sources and hydroelectric power plants

Question: What is the highest proportion of energy Greece has ever achieved from renewable sources?
Answer: 20%