UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

Several annual events—many of them centered on performing and visual arts—draw visitors to Ann Arbor. One such event is the Ann Arbor Art Fairs, a set of four concurrent juried fairs held on downtown streets. Scheduled on Wednesday through Saturday of the third week of July, the fairs draw upward of half a million visitors. Another is the Ann Arbor Film Festival, held during the third week of March, which receives more than 2,500 submissions annually from more than 40 countries and serves as one of a handful of Academy Award–qualifying festivals in the United States.

Question: Where is downtown?
Answer: Ann Arbor

Question: Where is the Ann Arbor Film Festival held?
Answer: Ann Arbor

Question: Which festival occurs on specific days of the week?
Answer: Art Fairs

Question: Which is higher, the number of submissions to the Ann Arbor Film Festival or the number of countries submitting films?
Answer: submissions

Question: How often does the United States draw visitors to these festivals?
Answer: annually

Question: Which occurs later in the year, the Ann Arbor Film Festival or the Ann Arbor Art Fairs?
Answer: Ann Arbor Art Fairs

Question: Where is Ann Arbor?
Answer: United States

Question: How often is Ann Arbor Art Fairs?
Answer: annually
Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

Borders Books, started in Ann Arbor, was opened by brothers Tom and Louis Borders in 1971 with a stock of used books. The Borders chain was based in the city, as was its flagship store until it closed in September 2011. Domino's Pizza's headquarters is near Ann Arbor on Domino's Farms, a 271-acre (110 ha) Frank Lloyd Wright-inspired complex just northeast of the city. Another Ann Arbor-based company is Zingerman's Delicatessen, which serves sandwiches and has developed businesses under a variety of brand names. Zingerman's has grown into a family of companies which offers a variety of products (bake shop, mail order, creamery, coffee) and services (business education). Flint Ink Corp., another Ann Arbor-based company, was the world's largest privately held ink manufacturer until it was acquired by Stuttgart-based XSYS Print Solutions in October 2005. Avfuel, a global supplier of aviation fuels and services, is also headquartered in Ann Arbor. Aastrom Biosciences, a publicly traded company that develops stem cell treatments for cardiovascular diseases, is headquartered in Ann Arbor.

Question: Which of the following is not a company: Borders, Domino's Pizza, or Ann Arbor?
Answer: Ann Arbor

Question: Which of the following is not a product offered by Zingerman's: bake shop, creamery or aviation fuels?
Answer: aviation fuels

Question: Which of the following companies employs the most biologists: Aastrom Biosciences, Zingerman's Delicatessen, or Borders Books?
Answer: Aastrom Biosciences

Question: Whose headquarters is mentioned to have been influenced by an architect?
Answer: 2011. Domino's Pizza's

Question: What happened to Tom and Louis' biggest, most important store in the 2000s?
Answer: it closed in September 2011

Question: Which science-centric company is based in Ann Arbor?
Answer: Aastrom Biosciences
Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

Left-wing politics have been particularly strong in municipal government since the 1960s. Voters approved charter amendments that have lessened the penalties for possession of marijuana (1974), and that aim to protect access to abortion in the city should it ever become illegal in the State of Michigan (1990). In 1974, Kathy Kozachenko's victory in an Ann Arbor city-council race made her the country's first openly homosexual candidate to win public office. In 1975, Ann Arbor became the first U.S. city to use instant-runoff voting for a mayoral race. Adopted through a ballot initiative sponsored by the local Human Rights Party, which feared a splintering of the liberal vote, the process was repealed in 1976 after use in only one election. As of August 2009, Democrats hold the mayorship and all council seats. The left tilt of politics in the city has earned it the nickname "The People's Republic of Ann Arbor". Nationally, Ann Arbor is located in Michigan's 12th congressional district, represented by Democrat Debbie Dingell.

Question: What first happened in Michigan?
Answer: first openly homosexual candidate to win public office

Question: What important initiative took place in Ann Arbor?
Answer: instant-runoff voting

Question: Which happened first, Kathy Kozachenko's victory in an Ann Arbor city-council race or voters approving charter amendments that aim to protect access to abortion?
Answer: Kathy Kozachenko's victory in an Ann Arbor city-council race

Question: What was the year when the left held control of Ann Arbor?
Answer: 2009

Question: Who said it was alright to make the punishment for having weed less harsh?
Answer: Voters

Question: When was the first person elected from the LGBTQ community?
Answer: 1974

Question: Which happened first, Kathy Kozachenko's victory in an Ann Arbor city-council race or Ann Arbor becoming the first U.S. city to use instant-runoff voting for a mayoral race?
Answer: Kathy Kozachenko's victory in an Ann Arbor city-council race

Question: Which primary election would Debbie Dingell vote in?
Answer: Democrat

Question: What mind altering plant could you have and not get into as much trouble as before?
Answer: marijuana

Question: What is the cause of amendments for abortion?
Answer: protect access to abortion in the city

Question: How strong is the left tilt in Ann Arbor, as of 2009?
Answer: Democrats hold the mayorship and all council seats

Question: Which happened first, Kathy Kozachenko's victory in an Ann Arbor city-council race or the use of instant-runoff voting for a mayoral race being repealed?
Answer: Kathy Kozachenko's victory in an Ann Arbor city-council race
Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

Ann Arbor's "Tree Town" nickname stems from the dense forestation of its parks and residential areas. The city contains more than 50,000 trees along its streets and an equal number in parks. In recent years, the emerald ash borer has destroyed many of the city's approximately 10,500 ash trees. The city contains 157 municipal parks ranging from small neighborhood green spots to large recreation areas. Several large city parks and a university park border sections of the Huron River. Fuller Recreation Area, near the University Hospital complex, contains sports fields, pedestrian and bike paths, and swimming pools. The Nichols Arboretum, owned by the University of Michigan, is a 123-acre (50 ha) arboretum that contains hundreds of plant and tree species. It is on the city's east side, near the university's Central Campus. Located across the Huron River just beyond the university's North Campus is the university's Matthaei Botanical Gardens, which contains 300 acres of gardens and a large tropical conservatory.

Question: What large object is a good idea to bring to the large rec area?
Answer: bike

Question: Many trees are in this city's?
Answer: parks and residential areas

Question: How many trees are in Ann Arbor's parks?
Answer: 50,000

Question: What non-tree related activities can people enjoy?
Answer: sports fields, pedestrian and bike paths, and swimming pools

Question: The Nichols Arborteum is owned by an institution whose building groupings are often called a?
Answer: Campus

Question: What is the only city park that is named?
Answer: Fuller Recreation Area

Question: Which University properties are named?
Answer: Nichols Arboretum

Question: What is the term "tree town"?
Answer: nickname

Question: Which rec place by the school is larger?
Answer: Matthaei Botanical Gardens
Insect

Pollination is the process by which pollen is transferred in the reproduction of plants, thereby enabling fertilisation and sexual reproduction. Most flowering plants require an animal to do the transportation. While other animals are included as pollinators, the majority of pollination is done by insects. Because insects usually receive benefit for the pollination in the form of energy rich nectar it is a grand example of mutualism. The various flower traits (and combinations thereof) that differentially attract one type of pollinator or another are known as pollination syndromes. These arose through complex plant-animal adaptations. Pollinators find flowers through bright colorations, including ultraviolet, and attractant pheromones. The study of pollination by insects is known as anthecology.

Question: How can butterflies help plant?
Answer: Pollination

Question: For what do plants use animals?
Answer: Pollination

Question: What is something that animals can see?
Answer: ultraviolet

Question: What are pollination syndromes?
Answer: various flower traits

Question: What can ants help plant?
Answer: Pollination

Question: Why are bees important to plants?
Answer: Pollination

Question: How are plants pollinated?
Answer: animal

Question: Why do insects want to be pollinators?
Answer: receive benefit

Question: What is pollen used for?
Answer: fertilisation and sexual reproduction

Question: What is the benefit of pollen wasp to plants?
Answer: Pollination

Question: What attracts insects?
Answer: bright colorations, including ultraviolet, and attractant pheromones

Question: How did the various features of flowers come to be?
Answer: complex plant-animal adaptations
Insect

Insect respiration is accomplished without lungs. Instead, the insect respiratory system uses a system of internal tubes and sacs through which gases either diffuse or are actively pumped, delivering oxygen directly to tissues that need it via their trachea (element 8 in numbered diagram). Since oxygen is delivered directly, the circulatory system is not used to carry oxygen, and is therefore greatly reduced. The insect circulatory system has no veins or arteries, and instead consists of little more than a single, perforated dorsal tube which pulses peristaltically. Toward the thorax, the dorsal tube (element 14) divides into chambers and acts like the insect's heart. The opposite end of the dorsal tube is like the aorta of the insect circulating the hemolymph, arthropods' fluid analog of blood, inside the body cavity.:61–65 Air is taken in through openings on the sides of the abdomen called spiracles.

Question: What crucial  element to insect respiration lies between the neck and abdomen of the insect?
Answer: the dorsal tube

Question: How do insects get oxygen?
Answer: a system of internal tubes and sacs through which gases either diffuse or are actively pumped

Question: Where does oxygen enter an insect?
Answer: through openings on the sides of the abdomen called spiracles

Question: How does an insect's dorsal tube pump hemolymph inside its body cavity?
Answer: pulses peristaltically

Question: Oxygen then moves to what?
Answer: directly to tissues that need it via their trachea

Question: During insect respiration, what is spread out or transfered to cells?
Answer: gases

Question: What part of an insect is analogous to the heart in humans?
Answer: dorsal tube

Question: What acts as a substitute for the insect's blood circulating organ?
Answer: the dorsal tube

Question: What is missing from the system?
Answer: veins or arteries

Question: What pumps the blood?
Answer: the dorsal tube

Question: What are the human organs that are unneccesary to insects?
Answer: lungs

Question: An insect's dorsal tube is located where in its anatomy?
Answer: the thorax

Question: What isn't needed for this process?
Answer: the circulatory system

Question: What diagram shows the insect's primary circulatory element?
Answer: element 14

Question: What part of an insect's internal organs is chambered?
Answer: dorsal tube
Insect

Holometabolism, or complete metamorphosis, is where the insect changes in four stages, an egg or embryo, a larva, a pupa and the adult or imago. In these species, an egg hatches to produce a larva, which is generally worm-like in form. This worm-like form can be one of several varieties: eruciform (caterpillar-like), scarabaeiform (grub-like), campodeiform (elongated, flattened and active), elateriform (wireworm-like) or vermiform (maggot-like). The larva grows and eventually becomes a pupa, a stage marked by reduced movement and often sealed within a cocoon. There are three types of pupae: obtect, exarate or coarctate. Obtect pupae are compact, with the legs and other appendages enclosed. Exarate pupae have their legs and other appendages free and extended. Coarctate pupae develop inside the larval skin.:151 Insects undergo considerable change in form during the pupal stage, and emerge as adults. Butterflies are a well-known example of insects that undergo complete metamorphosis, although most insects use this life cycle. Some insects have evolved this system to hypermetamorphosis.

Question: Which of the following is not a type of pupae: obtect, elateriform or coarctate?
Answer: elateriform

Question: Which comes first, larva or adult?
Answer: larva

Question: Which comes first, larva or egg?
Answer: egg

Question: What happens after the pupal stage?
Answer: emerge as adults

Question: Butterflies do not undergo what process?
Answer: hypermetamorphosis

Question: Which of the following is not a stage of metamorphosis: egg, pupa, or worm?
Answer: worm

Question: Which of the following is not a type of worm-like form: eruciform, campodeiform, or pupae?
Answer: pupae

Question: An "old" larva can be called what?
Answer: a pupa

Question: Vermiform means like a ?
Answer: maggot

Question: Which comes first, egg or adult?
Answer: egg

Question: Which comes first, egg, or larva?
Answer: egg
Insect

Many insects possess very sensitive and, or specialized organs of perception. Some insects such as bees can perceive ultraviolet wavelengths, or detect polarized light, while the antennae of male moths can detect the pheromones of female moths over distances of many kilometers. The yellow paper wasp (Polistes versicolor) is known for its wagging movements as a form of communication within the colony; it can waggle with a frequency of 10.6±2.1 Hz (n=190). These wagging movements can signal the arrival of new material into the nest and aggression between workers can be used to stimulate others to increase foraging expeditions. There is a pronounced tendency for there to be a trade-off between visual acuity and chemical or tactile acuity, such that most insects with well-developed eyes have reduced or simple antennae, and vice versa. There are a variety of different mechanisms by which insects perceive sound, while the patterns are not universal, insects can generally hear sound if they can produce it. Different insect species can have varying hearing, though most insects can hear only a narrow range of frequencies related to the frequency of the sounds they can produce. Mosquitoes have been found to hear up to 2 kHz., and some grasshoppers can hear up to 50 kHz. Certain predatory and parasitic insects can detect the characteristic sounds made by their prey or hosts, respectively. For instance, some nocturnal moths can perceive the ultrasonic emissions of bats, which helps them avoid predation.:87–94 Insects that feed on blood have special sensory structures that can detect infrared emissions, and use them to home in on their hosts.

Question: Which of the following is not a type of insect: bee, moth or pheromones?
Answer: pheromones

Question: Which of the following is not a form of taking in sensory information: visual acuity, patterns or tactile acuity?
Answer: patterns

Question: Which gender of moth is able to detect the other gender?
Answer: male

Question: Which of the following is not something insects can detect: pheromones of female moths, visual acuity, or ultraviolet wavelengths?
Answer: visual acuity

Question: Which of the following is not a type of light: ultraviolet, male or polarized?
Answer: male

Question: Which insect has better hearing?
Answer: grasshoppers

Question: Which of the following is not a sensory organ: eyes, bees, or antennae?
Answer: bees

Question: Which gender of moth is detectable by antennae?
Answer: female

Question: Which of the following is not a category of insects: predatory, infrared or parasitic?
Answer: infrared
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

NARA also maintains the Presidential Library system, a nationwide network of libraries for preserving and making available the documents of U.S. presidents since Herbert Hoover. The Presidential Libraries include:

Question: Not wanting the documents to fade into history the Presidential Library system does this to the documents in addition to making them available?
Answer: preserving

Question: Where are the libraries located?
Answer: nationwide

Question: An alternate name for vacuum is?
Answer: Hoover

Question: An epidemic can be what kind of outbreak?
Answer: nationwide

Question: An arrangement of an intersecting lines, either horizontal or vertical is called a?
Answer: network

Question: While wishing it were run on a personal community scale, the Presidential Library system is instead run on this scale?
Answer: nationwide

Question: Places where you can check out books to read are?
Answer: libraries

Question: Whose documents are preserved?
Answer: U.S. presidents

Question: What do they do with the documents?
Answer: preserving and making available

Question: What is another word for library system?
Answer: network of libraries

Question: What does NARA do to the system?
Answer: maintains

Question: Hoping for future generations to explore the history of our forefathers, the Presidential Library seeks this among all other priorities
Answer: preserving and making available the documents

Question: This acronym maintains this, a nationwide network of libraries dedicated to preserving and making available the documents of U.S. presidents?
Answer: Presidential Library system

Question: In addition to its other duties this acronym also maintains this Library system?
Answer: Presidential

Question: What was established after the presidency of Herbert Hoover?
Answer: NARA
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)—the agency's grant-making arm—awards funds to state and local governments, public and private archives, colleges and universities, and other nonprofit organizations to preserve and publish historical records. Since 1964, the NHPRC has awarded some 4,500 grants.

Question: what does the NHPRC award to nonprofit organizations?
Answer: funds

Question: What kind of businesses did they give grants to?
Answer: nonprofit organizations

Question: Besides government and universities, who else do they give money to.
Answer: nonprofit organizations

Question: What does the H in NHPRC stand for?
Answer: Historical

Question: Who has given over 4,000 loans that don't have to be paid back?
Answer: NHPRC

Question: What does the R in NHPRC stand for?
Answer: Records

Question: What does the National HIstorical Publications and Records Commission do?
Answer: awards funds

Question: Besides government who is the money given to?
Answer: public and private archives, colleges and universities, and other nonprofit organizations

Question: What does the C in NHPRC stand for?
Answer: Commission

Question: What is the acronym for The National Historical Publications and Records Commission?
Answer: NHPRC

Question: What does the NHPRC do?
Answer: awards funds

Question: what is the aim of the NHPRC?
Answer: preserve and publish historical records

Question: Who was the agency's grant-making am?
Answer: NHPRC
Arsenal_F.C.

Arsenal reached the final of the 2007 and 2011 League Cups, losing 2–1 to Chelsea and Birmingham City respectively. The club had not gained a major trophy since the 2005 FA Cup until 17 May 2014, when Arsenal beat Hull City in the 2014 FA Cup Final, coming back from a 2–0 deficit to win the match 3–2. This qualified them for the 2014 FA Community Shield where they would play Premier League champions Manchester City. They recorded a resounding 3–0 win in the game, winning their second trophy in three months. Nine months after their Community Shield triumph, Arsenal appeared in the FA Cup final for the second year in a row, thrashing Aston Villa 4–0 in the final and becoming the most successful club in the tournament's history with 12 titles. On 2 August 2015, Arsenal beat Chelsea 1–0 at Wembley Stadium to retain the Community Shield and earn their 14th Community Shield title.

Question: How many points were scored by the losing team during the 2014 FA Community Shield?
Answer: 0

Question: How many goals did Arsenal make in the 2014 FA Cup Final?
Answer: 3

Question: How many goals to Chelsea score in 2015 against Arsenal
Answer: 0

Question: How many goals did Arsenal make in the 2014 Community Shield match?
Answer: 3

Question: How many points were scored by the winner of the 2014 FA Community Shield?
Answer: 3

Question: How many goals did Chelsea make in the 2007 League Cup?
Answer: 2

Question: How many points did Arsenal score in the 2011 League Cup?
Answer: 1

Question: How many points did the loser of the 2011 League Cup score in the 2014 FA Cup Final?
Answer: 3

Question: How many goals did Chelsea score  in 2007
Answer: 2

Question: Who scored the first 2 points in the 2014 FA Cup Final?
Answer: Hull City

Question: How many points were scored by the loser of the August 2, 2015 match held at Wembley Stadium?
Answer: 0

Question: How many points did Manchester City score in the 2014 FA Community Shield match?
Answer: 0

Question: How many goals did Arsenal score against Chelsa in 2015
Answer: 1
Arsenal_F.C.

Unveiled in 1888, Royal Arsenal's first crest featured three cannon viewed from above, pointing northwards, similar to the coat of arms of the Metropolitan Borough of Woolwich (nowadays transferred to the coat of arms of the Royal Borough of Greenwich). These can sometimes be mistaken for chimneys, but the presence of a carved lion's head and a cascabel on each are clear indicators that they are cannon. This was dropped after the move to Highbury in 1913, only to be reinstated in 1922, when the club adopted a crest featuring a single cannon, pointing eastwards, with the club's nickname, The Gunners, inscribed alongside it; this crest only lasted until 1925, when the cannon was reversed to point westward and its barrel slimmed down.

Question: In the second-to-newest version of the crest, which way did the cannon(s) point?
Answer: eastwards

Question: When was the crest first presented?
Answer: 1888

Question: Why do the cannons look like chimneys?
Answer: viewed from above

Question: What has improved the crest design and previous design misconception?
Answer: the presence of a carved lion's head and a cascabel on each

Question: What was the original direction of the cannons?
Answer: northwards

Question: Which crest inspired the creation of another?
Answer: the coat of arms of the Metropolitan Borough of Woolwich

Question: When did the crest stop having three canons?
Answer: 1913
Arsenal_F.C.

Widely referred to as Highbury, Arsenal Stadium was the club's home from September 1913 until May 2006. The original stadium was designed by the renowned football architect Archibald Leitch, and had a design common to many football grounds in the UK at the time, with a single covered stand and three open-air banks of terracing. The entire stadium was given a massive overhaul in the 1930s: new Art Deco West and East stands were constructed, opening in 1932 and 1936 respectively, and a roof was added to the North Bank terrace, which was bombed during the Second World War and not restored until 1954.

Question: to the passage, what is popular to many football institution?
Answer: design

Question: Which terraces don't have roof?
Answer: West and East stands

Question: Where is Highbury located?
Answer: in the UK

Question: Where is the North bank terrace located in the text?
Answer: Highbury

Question: what is the team widely refered to?
Answer: Arsenal

Question: What is the West stand part of?
Answer: Arsenal Stadium

Question: What is the club called in the text?
Answer: Arsenal

Question: What aesthetic was added?
Answer: Art Deco