UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

Nasser's nationalization of the Suez Canal and his emergence as the political victor from the subsequent Suez Crisis substantially elevated his popularity in Egypt and the Arab world. Calls for pan-Arab unity under his leadership increased, culminating with the formation of the United Arab Republic with Syria (1958–1961). In 1962, Nasser began a series of major socialist measures and modernization reforms in Egypt. Despite setbacks to his pan-Arabist cause, by 1963 Nasser's supporters gained power in several Arab countries and he became embroiled in the North Yemen Civil War. He began his second presidential term in March 1965 after his political opponents were banned from running. Following Egypt's defeat by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War, Nasser resigned, but he returned to office after popular demonstrations called for his reinstatement. By 1968, Nasser had appointed himself prime minister, launched the War of Attrition to regain lost territory, began a process of depoliticizing the military, and issued a set of political liberalization reforms. After the conclusion of the 1970 Arab League summit, Nasser suffered a heart attack and died. His funeral in Cairo drew five million mourners and an outpouring of grief across the Arab world.

Question: Which came later, the United Arab Republic or the North Yemen Civil War?
Answer: North Yemen Civil War

Question: Which came first, the beginning of Nasser's second presidential term or popular demonstrations calling for his reinstatement?
Answer: second presidential term

Question: Which country did Nasser lead?
Answer: Egypt

Question: When did Nasser step down as president?
Answer: 1967

Question: Who won the war that was just shy of a week?
Answer: Israel

Question: What country did Syria partner with to form the United Arab Republic?
Answer: Egypt

Question: How did people prove they supported Nasser?
Answer: demonstrations

Question: Which is not a last name, Nasser or Suez?
Answer: Suez

Question: Which came first, the Six-Day War or the War of Attrition?
Answer: Six-Day War

Question: Which war did Nasser get involved in prior to Egypt's defeat by Israel?
Answer: North Yemen Civil War

Question: In what country was Nasser's funeral held?
Answer: Egypt
Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

In January 1953, Nasser overcame opposition from Naguib and banned all political parties, creating a one-party system under the Liberation Rally, a loosely structured movement whose chief task was to organize pro-RCC rallies and lectures, with Nasser its secretary-general. Despite the dissolution order, Nasser was the only RCC member who still favored holding parliamentary elections, according to his fellow officer Abdel Latif Boghdadi. Although outvoted, he still advocated holding elections by 1956. In March 1953, Nasser led the Egyptian delegation negotiating a British withdrawal from the Suez Canal.

Question: What was the result of Nasser's rule?
Answer: a one-party system

Question: What tasks did Nasser accomplish in 1953?
Answer: banned all political parties

Question: How did Nasser differ from other RCC mmebers
Answer: still favored holding parliamentary elections

Question: What is Nasser known for doing?
Answer: creating a one-party system

Question: How many people in the RCC wanted parliamentary elections?
Answer: Nasser was the only RCC member who still favored holding parliamentary elections

Question: What action did Nasser take once in power?
Answer: creating a one-party system

Question: Who were all the people in the RCC who wanted parliamentary elections?
Answer: Nasser was the only RCC member who still favored holding parliamentary elections
Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

It threatened the collapse of large financial institutions, which was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments, but stock markets still dropped worldwide. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant role in the failure of key businesses, declines in consumer wealth estimated in trillions of U.S. dollars, and a downturn in economic activity leading to the 2008–2012 global recession and contributing to the European sovereign-debt crisis. The active phase of the crisis, which manifested as a liquidity crisis, can be dated from August 9, 2007, when BNP Paribas terminated withdrawals from three hedge funds citing "a complete evaporation of liquidity".

Question: Which of the following did not decrease during the recession: consumer wealth, foreclosures or economic activity?
Answer: foreclosures

Question: What step was taken to make sure that large banks did not fail?
Answer: bailout of banks

Question: What is another name for banks?
Answer: large financial institutions

Question: What initiated the liquidity crisis?
Answer: BNP Paribas terminated withdrawals from three hedge funds

Question: What precipitated the 2008-2012 global recession?
Answer: failure of key businesses, declines in consumer wealth estimated in trillions of U.S. dollars, and a downturn in economic activity

Question: Which of the following increased during the recession: stock markets, unemployment or liquidity?
Answer: unemployment

Question: What international event was precipitated by this economic crisis?
Answer: the 2008–2012 global recession

Question: What threatened the collapse?
Answer: 2008–2012 global recession

Question: What nation did this affect?
Answer: worldwide

Question: Which of the following was not the direct result of a decline in the housing market: evictions, the European sovereign-debt crisis, or foreclosures?
Answer: European sovereign-debt crisis

Question: What was the liquidity crisis?
Answer: active phase of the crisis
Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

Others have pointed out that there were not enough of these loans made to cause a crisis of this magnitude. In an article in Portfolio Magazine, Michael Lewis spoke with one trader who noted that "There weren’t enough Americans with [bad] credit taking out [bad loans] to satisfy investors' appetite for the end product." Essentially, investment banks and hedge funds used financial innovation to enable large wagers to be made, far beyond the actual value of the underlying mortgage loans, using derivatives called credit default swaps, collateralized debt obligations and synthetic CDOs.

Question: What was not met?
Answer: investors' appetite for the end product

Question: What do they use for large wagers?
Answer: credit default swaps, collateralized debt obligations and synthetic CDOs

Question: What was lacking?
Answer: Americans with [bad] credit

Question: What did investment banks and hedge funds use?
Answer: financial innovation

Question: What was exaggerated?
Answer: value of the underlying mortgage loans

Question: Where do you go to apply for house loan?
Answer: banks

Question: What is a house loan called?
Answer: mortgage

Question: Who said there were not enough American's with bad loans?
Answer: trader

Question: Who said there weren't enough bad loans?
Answer: Others
Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

On July 11, 2008, citing liquidity concerns, the FDIC put IndyMac Bank into conservatorship. A bridge bank, IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB, was established to assume control of IndyMac Bank's assets, its secured liabilities, and its insured deposit accounts. The FDIC announced plans to open IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB on July 14, 2008. Until then, depositors would have access their insured deposits through ATMs, their existing checks, and their existing debit cards. Telephone and Internet account access was restored when the bank reopened. The FDIC guarantees the funds of all insured accounts up to US$100,000, and has declared a special advance dividend to the roughly 10,000 depositors with funds in excess of the insured amount, guaranteeing 50% of any amounts in excess of $100,000. Yet, even with the pending sale of Indymac to IMB Management Holdings, an estimated 10,000 uninsured depositors of Indymac are still at a loss of over $270 million.

Question: What happened to the people who didn't follow the FDIC limits?
Answer: guaranteeing 50% of any amounts in excess of $100,000

Question: Why was IndyMac Federal Bank put into service
Answer: citing liquidity concerns, the FDIC put IndyMac Bank into conservatorship

Question: What unfortunate incident happened before July 14?
Answer: citing liquidity concerns, the FDIC put IndyMac Bank into conservatorship

Question: Until July 14, 2008 how could depositrs use their insured deposits besides checks and ATMs?
Answer: debit cards

Question: What could you use again besides internet access when the bank was opened again?
Answer: Telephone

Question: How many people loss money in the pending sale?
Answer: 10,000 uninsured depositors

Question: Why did 10,000 uninsured depositors lose so much money?
Answer: citing liquidity concerns, the FDIC put IndyMac Bank into conservatorship

Question: What was IndyMac Federal Bank?
Answer: A bridge bank

Question: .What happened as soon as IndyMac Federal Bank opened?
Answer: Telephone and Internet account access was restored
Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

For a variety of reasons, market participants did not accurately measure the risk inherent with financial innovation such as MBS and CDOs or understand its impact on the overall stability of the financial system. For example, the pricing model for CDOs clearly did not reflect the level of risk they introduced into the system. Banks estimated that $450bn of CDO were sold between "late 2005 to the middle of 2007"; among the $102bn of those that had been liquidated, JPMorgan estimated that the average recovery rate for "high quality" CDOs was approximately 32 cents on the dollar, while the recovery rate for mezzanine CDO was approximately five cents for every dollar.

Question: What is more uncertain?
Answer: mezzanine CDO

Question: What has the less preferable recovery rate?
Answer: mezzanine CDO

Question: What was deceptive?
Answer: the pricing model for CDOs

Question: What is more resilient?
Answer: high quality" CDOs

Question: What has a preferable recovery rate?
Answer: "high quality" CDOs

Question: What caused vulnerability?
Answer: MBS and CDOs

Question: What has a recovery rate that lags?
Answer: mezzanine CDO
Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

Initially the companies affected were those directly involved in home construction and mortgage lending such as Northern Rock and Countrywide Financial, as they could no longer obtain financing through the credit markets. Over 100 mortgage lenders went bankrupt during 2007 and 2008. Concerns that investment bank Bear Stearns would collapse in March 2008 resulted in its fire-sale to JP Morgan Chase. The financial institution crisis hit its peak in September and October 2008. Several major institutions either failed, were acquired under duress, or were subject to government takeover. These included Lehman Brothers, Merrill Lynch, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Washington Mutual, Wachovia, Citigroup, and AIG. On Oct. 6, 2008, three weeks after Lehman Brothers filed the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history, Lehman's former CEO found himself before Representative Henry A. Waxman, the California Democrat who chaired the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. Fuld said he was a victim of the collapse, blaming a "crisis of confidence" in the markets for dooming his firm.

Question: Where were the organizations who worked to put people into houses and who were affected by this situation shut out from securing pecuniary support?
Answer: the credit markets

Question: What was the reason Citigroup was affected by the collapse?
Answer: involved in home construction and mortgage lending

Question: What suggests firms were sold at lower prices than their worth?
Answer: fire-sale

Question: Which major institution that was affected by the situation bears the name of a female?
Answer: Fannie Mae

Question: What disquietude caused the transfer of owner ship of one organization which contained the name of an animal to another that contained a synonym for "hunt"?
Answer: Concerns that investment bank Bear Stearns would collapse

Question: What are the official names of a couple of illustrations of organizations who worked to put people into houses and who were struck by this situation?
Answer: Northern Rock and Countrywide Financial

Question: What caused Northern Rocks downfall?
Answer: home construction and mortgage lending

Question: What suggests companies were competing for money?
Answer: they could no longer obtain financing through the credit markets

Question: In what way were organizations who had a hand in getting people into houses struck by the situation?
Answer: they could no longer obtain financing through the credit markets

Question: Who was Lehman's CEO?
Answer: Fuld

Question: What company blamed the collapse on a crisis of confidence?
Answer: Lehman Brothers

Question: What suggests Fuld was out of touch with reality?
Answer: Fuld said he was a victim of the collapse

Question: What might suggest the most number of firms failed by 2008?
Answer: The financial institution crisis hit its peak in September and October 2008

Question: Who was Fuld?
Answer: Lehman's former CEO
Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

Another example relates to AIG, which insured obligations of various financial institutions through the usage of credit default swaps. The basic CDS transaction involved AIG receiving a premium in exchange for a promise to pay money to party A in the event party B defaulted. However, AIG did not have the financial strength to support its many CDS commitments as the crisis progressed and was taken over by the government in September 2008. U.S. taxpayers provided over $180 billion in government support to AIG during 2008 and early 2009, through which the money flowed to various counterparties to CDS transactions, including many large global financial institutions.

Question: The government ended up managing?
Answer: AIG

Question: What was AIG's rescue plan?
Answer: U.S. taxpayers provided over $180 billion in government support to AIG

Question: What did the financial crisis cause?
Answer: AIG did not have the financial strength to support its many CDS commitments

Question: How does credit default swaps help AIG to do business?
Answer: receiving a premium in exchange for a promise to pay money to party A in the event party B defaulted

Question: What was the consequence of AIG's financial issues?
Answer: U.S. taxpayers provided over $180 billion in government support to AIG during 2008 and early 2009

Question: What did AIG fail to pay to financial institutions?
Answer: CDS commitments

Question: How were people hurt by AIG's financial problems?
Answer: U.S. taxpayers provided over $180 billion in government support to AIG during 2008 and early 2009

Question: How was society hurt by AIG's financial issues?
Answer: U.S. taxpayers provided over $180 billion in government support to AIG during 2008 and early 2009

Question: How was the financial institutions rescued?
Answer: money flowed to various counterparties to CDS transactions
Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

Senator Charles Schumer (D-NY) would later point out that brokered deposits made up more than 37 percent of IndyMac's total deposits and ask the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) whether it had considered ordering IndyMac to reduce its reliance on these deposits. With $18.9 billion in total deposits reported on March 31, Senator Schumer would have been referring to a little over $7 billion in brokered deposits. While the breakout of maturities of these deposits is not known exactly, a simple averaging would have put the threat of brokered deposits loss to IndyMac at $500 million a month, had the regulator disallowed IndyMac from acquiring new brokered deposits on June 30.

Question: What is Charles?
Answer: Senator

Question: What does the "F" in FDIC stand for?
Answer: Federal

Question: Why was the issue important to Schumer?
Answer: a simple averaging would have put the threat of brokered deposits loss to IndyMac at $500 million a month, had the regulator disallowed IndyMac from acquiring new brokered deposits on June 30

Question: What company was highlighted by a government employee?
Answer: IndyMac

Question: What was the FDIC requested to scrutinize?
Answer: IndyMac to reduce its reliance on these deposits

Question: What does the "C" in FDIC stand for?
Answer: Corporation

Question: What was squandered to IndyMac?
Answer: $500 million a month

Question: What did the FDIC examine?
Answer: it had considered ordering IndyMac to reduce its reliance on these deposits

Question: What does the "D" in FDIC stand for?
Answer: Deposit

Question: What was IndyMac asked to scale down on?
Answer: its reliance on these deposits
Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

Despite the dominance of the above formula, there are documented attempts of the financial industry, occurring before the crisis, to address the formula limitations, specifically the lack of dependence dynamics and the poor representation of extreme events. The volume "Credit Correlation: Life After Copulas", published in 2007 by World Scientific, summarizes a 2006 conference held by Merrill Lynch in London where several practitioners attempted to propose models rectifying some of the copula limitations. See also the article by Donnelly and Embrechts and the book by Brigo, Pallavicini and Torresetti, that reports relevant warnings and research on CDOs appeared in 2006.

Question: what name start with P?
Answer: Pallavicini

Question: Who organized a conference, Merrill Lynch, Donelly and Embrechts, or Brigo and Pallavicini?
Answer: Merrill Lynch

Question: Where is there literature on the fix?
Answer: the article by Donnelly and Embrechts and the book by Brigo, Pallavicini and Torresetti

Question: Where was the fix attempted?
Answer: a 2006 conference held by Merrill Lynch

Question: Who attempted to fix the formula?
Answer: several practitioners

Question: What was shown in the literature?
Answer: relevant warnings and research on CDOs appeared in 2006

Question: Which of the following is not a limitation of the formula: lack of dependence dynamics, relevant warnings, or poor represenation of extreme events?
Answer: relevant warnings

Question: Who did not help write a book with the other two authors: Brigo, Donnelly, or Torresetti?
Answer: Donnelly

Question: what was the last word in the passage?
Answer: 2006

Question: What was wrong with the formula?
Answer: the lack of dependence dynamics and the poor representation of extreme events

Question: what name start with B
Answer: Brigo

Question: what is the third word in the first paragraph ?
Answer: dominance
Charleston,_South_Carolina

The traditional Charleston accent has long been noted in the state and throughout the South. It is typically heard in wealthy white families who trace their families back generations in the city. It has ingliding or monophthongal long mid-vowels, raises ay and aw in certain environments, and is nonrhotic. Sylvester Primer of the College of Charleston wrote about aspects of the local dialect in his late 19th-century works: "Charleston Provincialisms" (1887)  and "The Huguenot Element in Charleston's Provincialisms", published in a German journal. He believed the accent was based on the English as it was spoken by the earliest settlers, therefore derived from Elizabethan England and preserved with modifications by Charleston speakers. The rapidly disappearing "Charleston accent" is still noted in the local pronunciation of the city's name. Some elderly (and usually upper-class) Charleston natives ignore the 'r' and elongate the first vowel, pronouncing the name as "Chah-l-ston". Some observers attribute these unique features of Charleston's speech to its early settlement by French Huguenots and Sephardic Jews (who were primarily English speakers from London), both of whom played influential roles in Charleston's early development and history.[citation needed]

Question: Which single persecuted group settled in Charleston in the beginning?
Answer: Sephardic Jews

Question: Who were the first people to use the accent?
Answer: earliest settlers

Question: How predominant is the Charleston accent currently?
Answer: rapidly disappearing

Question: Where are the people from who say Chahlston?
Answer: Charleston natives

Question: Which families still pronounce Charleston without the R?
Answer: wealthy white families who trace their families back generations in the city

Question: What was the name of Primer's written work about aspects of the local dialect?
Answer: Charleston Provincialisms

Question: What word can the accent still be heard, heavily?
Answer: Charleston

Question: Where in particular is the traditional Charleston accent found?
Answer: wealthy white families

Question: The rapidly disappearing Charleston accent can be heard in what?
Answer: the local pronunciation of the city's name

Question: Who did Primer think had a big influence on the local dialect, as state in one of the titles?
Answer: Huguenot

Question: Who came from England?
Answer: earliest settlers

Question: When did Sylvester Primer publish both his works?
Answer: late 19th-century

Question: What word are the senior citizens saying when they say Chahlston?
Answer: Charleston

Question: How do elderly Charleston natives pronounce the name?
Answer: ignore the 'r' and elongate the first vowel
Charleston,_South_Carolina

The highest temperature recorded within city limits was 104 °F (40 °C), on June 2, 1985, and June 24, 1944, and the lowest was 7 °F (−14 °C) on February 14, 1899, although at the airport, where official records are kept, the historical range is 105 °F (41 °C) on August 1, 1999 down to 6 °F (−14 °C) on January 21, 1985. Hurricanes are a major threat to the area during the summer and early fall, with several severe hurricanes hitting the area – most notably Hurricane Hugo on September 21, 1989 (a category 4 storm). Dewpoint in the summer ranges from 67.8 to 71.4 °F (20 to 22 °C).

Question: How many degrees celsius is 105 degrees fahrenheit?
Answer: 41

Question: On which day was a higher temperature recorded, June 2, 1985 or February 14, 1899?
Answer: June 2, 1985

Question: On which day was a lower temperature recorded, June 24, 1944 or January 21, 1985?
Answer: January 21, 1985

Question: What is the last Celsius temperature listed in the text
Answer: 22 °C

Question: Where was highest temperature reported hotter, within the city limits or at the airport?
Answer: airport

Question: What is the coldest temperature recorded in Celsius
Answer: −14 °C

Question: What is the last season where severe storms are most prevalent
Answer: fall

Question: What is the highest average dewpoint in Celcius during the summer months?
Answer: 22

Question: On which day was a higher temperature recorded, August 1, 1999 or January 21, 1985?
Answer: August 1, 1999

Question: Which was reported first, the lowest temperature within the city limits or the highest?
Answer: lowest

Question: On which day was a higher temperature recorded, June 24, 1944 or February 14, 1899?
Answer: June 24, 1944

Question: On which day was a higher temperature recorded, August 1, 1999 or June 2, 1985?
Answer: August 1, 1999

Question: What does 67.8 degrees convert to in celsius?
Answer: 20