UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
Apollo

Homer pictures Apollo on the side of the Trojans, fighting against the Achaeans, during the Trojan War. He is pictured as a terrible god, less trusted by the Greeks than other gods. The god seems to be related to Appaliunas, a tutelary god of Wilusa (Troy) in Asia Minor, but the word is not complete. The stones found in front of the gates of Homeric Troy were the symbols of Apollo. The Greeks gave to him the name ἀγυιεύς agyieus as the protector god of public places and houses who wards off evil, and his symbol was a tapered stone or column. However, while usually Greek festivals were celebrated at the full moon, all the feasts of Apollo were celebrated at the seventh day of the month, and the emphasis given to that day (sibutu) indicates a Babylonian origin.

Question: Which calendar day is Apollo celebrated in Greek mythology?
Answer: seventh day of the month

Question: What does ἀγυιεύς translate to in one word?
Answer: agyieus

Question: What does the passage mention was bestowed?
Answer: gave to him the name ἀγυιεύς agyieus

Question: How does Apollo protect public places and houses?
Answer: wards off evil

Question: What opinion do the Greeks have of Apollo?
Answer: He is pictured as a terrible god, less trusted

Question: How is the protector god displayed in Troy?
Answer: tapered stone or column

Question: Why is it uncertain who Apollo might be related to?
Answer: the word is not complete

Question: What inference does Homer seem to make, but does not fit the mold for Apollo?
Answer: The god seems to be related to Appaliunas, a tutelary god of Wilusa (Troy) in Asia Minor, but the word is not complete

Question: Who developed the story of the Trojan horse during the time of Apollo?
Answer: Homer

Question: Who does Apollo fight for?
Answer: the Trojans

Question: What is the main idea of the passage?
Answer: The Greeks gave to him the name ἀγυιεύς agyieus as the protector god of public places and houses who wards off evil, and his symbol was a tapered stone or column

Question: What is the objective of the god Apollo?
Answer: protector
Apollo

As sun-god and god of light, Apollo was also known by the epithets Aegletes (/əˈɡliːtiːz/ ə-GLEE-teez; Αἰγλήτης, Aiglētēs, from αἴγλη, "light of the sun"), Helius (/ˈhiːliəs/ HEE-lee-əs; Ἥλιος, Helios, literally "sun"), Phanaeus (/fəˈniːəs/ fə-NEE-əs; Φαναῖος, Phanaios, literally "giving or bringing light"), and Lyceus (/laɪˈsiːəs/ ly-SEE-əs; Λύκειος, Lykeios, from Proto-Greek *λύκη, "light"). The meaning of the epithet "Lyceus" later became associated with Apollo's mother Leto, who was the patron goddess of Lycia (Λυκία) and who was identified with the wolf (λύκος), earning him the epithets Lycegenes (/laɪˈsɛdʒəniːz/ ly-SEJ-ə-neez; Λυκηγενής, Lukēgenēs, literally "born of a wolf" or "born of Lycia") and Lycoctonus (/laɪˈkɒktənəs/ ly-KOK-tə-nəs; Λυκοκτόνος, Lykoktonos, from λύκος, "wolf", and κτείνειν, "to kill"). As god of the sun, Apollo was called Sol (/ˈsɒl/ SOL, literally "sun" in Latin) by the Romans.

Question: How did the Romans call the Light of the Sun?
Answer: Apollo was called Sol (/ˈsɒl/ SOL, literally "sun" in Latin)

Question: Who had an epithet that became associated with the patron goddess of Lycia?
Answer: Apollo

Question: What celestial body did Apollo become associated with?
Answer: sun

Question: In what way was the Light of the Sun's mother associated as a goddess?
Answer: was the patron goddess of Lycia

Question: What kind of being was Apollo said to be?
Answer: sun-god

Question: Whose epithet meant sun?
Answer: Apollo

Question: Who was the one who had a mother that was born of a wolf?
Answer: Apollo

Question: What are some of the names the god of light is known by?
Answer: epithets Aegletes (/əˈɡliːtiːz/ ə-GLEE-teez; Αἰγλήτης, Aiglētēs, from αἴγλη, "light of the sun"), Helius (/ˈhiːliəs/ HEE-lee-əs; Ἥλιος, Helios, literally "sun"), Phanaeus (/fəˈniːəs/ fə-NEE-əs; Φαναῖος, Phanaios, literally "giving or bringing light"), and Lyceus (/laɪˈsiːəs/ ly-SEE-əs; Λύκειος, Lykeios, from Proto-Greek *λύκη, "light")

Question: What was the role of the person associated with one of Apollo's names?
Answer: patron goddess of Lycia
Apollo

A non-Greek origin of Apollo has long been assumed in scholarship. The name of Apollo's mother Leto has Lydian origin, and she was worshipped on the coasts of Asia Minor. The inspiration oracular cult was probably introduced into Greece from Anatolia, which is the origin of Sibyl, and where existed some of the oldest oracular shrines. Omens, symbols, purifications, and exorcisms appear in old Assyro-Babylonian texts, and these rituals were spread into the empire of the Hittites. In a Hittite text is mentioned that the king invited a Babylonian priestess for a certain "purification".

Question: What do religious people practice?
Answer: rituals

Question: Apollo had a?
Answer: mother

Question: The mother here may be?
Answer: Lydian

Question: Sibyl was not?
Answer: Greek

Question: Where could purification happen?
Answer: Assyro-Babylonian texts

Question: Where does Apollo live?
Answer: Greece

Question: Leto was not?
Answer: Greek

Question: The one whose mother is Leto may not be?
Answer: Greek

Question: What is the most probable Sybil's occupation?
Answer: oracular cult

Question: Where did Leto live?
Answer: Lydian
Apollo

The etymology of the name is uncertain. The spelling Ἀπόλλων (pronounced [a.pól.lɔːn] in Classical Attic) had almost superseded all other forms by the beginning of the common era, but the Doric form Apellon (Ἀπέλλων), is more archaic, derived from an earlier *Ἀπέλjων. It probably is a cognate to the Doric month Apellaios (Ἀπελλαῖος), and the offerings apellaia (ἀπελλαῖα) at the initiation of the young men during the family-festival apellai (ἀπέλλαι). According to some scholars the words are derived from the Doric word apella (ἀπέλλα), which originally meant "wall," "fence for animals" and later "assembly within the limits of the square." Apella (Ἀπέλλα) is the name of the popular assembly in Sparta, corresponding to the ecclesia (ἐκκλησία). R. S. P. Beekes rejected the connection of the theonym with the noun apellai and suggested a Pre-Greek proto-form *Apalyun.

Question: PEople would meet in a?
Answer: square

Question: What's popular in Sparta?
Answer: assembly

Question: What's another way of saying fence for animals?
Answer: apella

Question: What did the word apella originally mean?
Answer: wall

Question: Where does apella come from?
Answer: Doric

Question: Apellon is something you're called, also a?
Answer: name

Question: Apellon was culturally?
Answer: Doric

Question: What superseded all other forms by the beginning of the common era?
Answer: Apellon

Question: A meaning of apella related to livestock is?
Answer: fence for animals

Question: A of apella related to a public space is?
Answer: "assembly within the limits of the square
Apollo

Hyacinth or Hyacinthus was one of Apollo's male lovers. He was a Spartan prince, beautiful and athletic. The pair was practicing throwing the discus when a discus thrown by Apollo was blown off course by the jealous Zephyrus and struck Hyacinthus in the head, killing him instantly. Apollo is said to be filled with grief: out of Hyacinthus' blood, Apollo created a flower named after him as a memorial to his death, and his tears stained the flower petals with the interjection αἰαῖ, meaning alas. The Festival of Hyacinthus was a celebration of Sparta.

Question: Why did Zephyrus change the discus' course?
Answer: jealous

Question: Who threw the object that killed Hyacinthus?
Answer: Apollo

Question: Other than Hyacinth, whose body fluid did the flower contain?
Answer: Apollo

Question: How was not an adjective to describe Hyacinthus: jealous or athletic?
Answer: jealous

Question: Where was Hyacinthus from?
Answer: Sparta

Question: Why did zephyrus want Hyacinthus dead?
Answer: jealous

Question: Whose lover was Apollo?
Answer: Hyacinthus

Question: Who was Hyacinthus other than a lover of Apollo?
Answer: Spartan prince

Question: Whose tears fell on the flower?
Answer: Apollo's

Question: How was the hyacinth flower made?
Answer: out of Hyacinthus' blood

Question: Who did Zephyrus desire?
Answer: Apollo

Question: What type of body did Hyacinthus have?
Answer: athletic

Question: Whose tears colored the flower?
Answer: Apollo

Question: Whose discus killed Hyacinthus?
Answer: Apollo
Apollo

A number of non-Greek etymologies have been suggested for the name, The Hittite form Apaliunas (dx-ap-pa-li-u-na-aš) is attested in the Manapa-Tarhunta letter, perhaps related to Hurrian (and certainly the Etruscan) Aplu, a god of plague, in turn likely from Akkadian Aplu Enlil meaning simply "the son of Enlil", a title that was given to the god Nergal, who was linked to Shamash, Babylonian god of the sun. The role of Apollo as god of plague is evident in the invocation of Apollo Smintheus ("mouse Apollo") by Chryses, the Trojan priest of Apollo, with the purpose of sending a plague against the Greeks (the reasoning behind a god of the plague becoming a god of healing is of course apotropaic, meaning that the god responsible for bringing the plague must be appeased in order to remove the plague).

Question: Shamash is associated with what celestial body?
Answer: sun

Question: who is the god of plague?
Answer: Apollo

Question: Which of the following gods was associated with plague: Shamash, Enlil or Apollo?
Answer: Apollo

Question: Who will be the god of healing?
Answer: god of the plague

Question: The name may not be from what?
Answer: Greek

Question: Who else was given the title Aplu was given?>
Answer: title that was given to the god Nergal

Question: Who preformed the invocation?
Answer: Chryses, the Trojan priest of Apollo

Question: Which of the following words is in Hittite: Apaliunas or Aplu?
Answer: Apaliunas

Question: Apollo is parallel to what other god?
Answer: Shamash, Babylonian god of the sun

Question: It is only what that something is related to Hurrian?
Answer: perhaps related

Question: Apollo may have been a?
Answer: god of plague

Question: Who can remove the plague?
Answer: god of plague

Question: Where can you find why Apollo was given a new role?
Answer: invocation of Apollo Smintheus

Question: Which of the following is not a god: Aplu, Chryses or Apollo?
Answer: Chryses
Apollo

Once Pan had the audacity to compare his music with that of Apollo, and to challenge Apollo, the god of the kithara, to a trial of skill. Tmolus, the mountain-god, was chosen to umpire. Pan blew on his pipes, and with his rustic melody gave great satisfaction to himself and his faithful follower, Midas, who happened to be present. Then Apollo struck the strings of his lyre. Tmolus at once awarded the victory to Apollo, and all but Midas agreed with the judgment. He dissented and questioned the justice of the award. Apollo would not suffer such a depraved pair of ears any longer, and caused them to become the ears of a donkey.

Question: What was being measured?
Answer: skill

Question: What did Apollo do to Midas?
Answer: caused them to become the ears of a donkey

Question: Tmolus and Apollo are both?
Answer: god

Question: Midas' loyalty belonged to?
Answer: Pan

Question: What was debated?
Answer: skill

Question: Whose ears were considered depraved?
Answer: Midas

Question: Who enjoyed Pan's music?
Answer: himself and his faithful follower, Midas

Question: Pan and Apollo both made what?
Answer: music

Question: What was required to dispute apollo?
Answer: audacity

Question: Who appeared at the duel other than Apollo and Pan?
Answer: Midas
Apollo

Four days after his birth, Apollo killed the chthonic dragon Python, which lived in Delphi beside the Castalian Spring. This was the spring which emitted vapors that caused the oracle at Delphi to give her prophecies. Hera sent the serpent to hunt Leto to her death across the world. To protect his mother, Apollo begged Hephaestus for a bow and arrows. After receiving them, Apollo cornered Python in the sacred cave at Delphi. Apollo killed Python but had to be punished for it, since Python was a child of Gaia.

Question: Where was Hera's serpent hunting?
Answer: across the world

Question: Which of his siblings did Zeus take as a spouse?
Answer: Hera

Question: If an ancient Greek wished to receive advice about a decision they needed to make, to whom might they have posed their questions?
Answer: the oracle at Delphi

Question: What caused Apollo to get the bow and arrows?
Answer: Hera sent the serpent to hunt Leto to her death across the world

Question: How did Artemis’ sibling assist their mother?
Answer: Apollo killed the chthonic dragon Python

Question: What weapon did Apollo obtain?
Answer: bow and arrows

Question: One of the twin grandchildren of Zeus’ mother is known by what name?
Answer: Apollo

Question: What is the name of the spouse of the Greek counterpart of Venus?
Answer: Hephaestus
Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

Laird writes that Altan Khan abolished the native Mongol practices of shamanism and blood sacrifice, while the Mongol princes and subjects were coerced by Altan to convert to Gelug Buddhism—or face execution if they persisted in their shamanistic ways. Committed to their religious leader, Mongol princes began requesting the Dalai Lama to bestow titles on them, which demonstrated "the unique fusion of religious and political power" wielded by the Dalai Lama, as Laird writes. Kolmaš states that the spiritual and secular Mongol-Tibetan alliance of the 13th century was renewed by this alliance constructed by Altan Khan and Sönam Gyatso. Van Praag writes that this restored the original Mongol patronage of a Tibetan lama and "to this day, Mongolians are among the most devout followers of the Gelugpa and the Dalai Lama." Angela F. Howard writes that this unique relationship not only provided the Dalai Lama and Panchen Lama with religious and political authority in Tibet, but that Altan Khan gained "enormous power among the entire Mongol population."

Question: What do Dalai Lama and Panchen Lama have in common in their name?
Answer: Lama

Question: who were the most faithful worshippers
Answer: Mongolians

Question: What is the name of the first leader mentioned in the text?
Answer: Altan Khan

Question: who were asking for fancy names?
Answer: Mongol princes

Question: Who wrote that Khan attained immense influence over the Mongols?
Answer: Angela F. Howard

Question: Who completed the ritual of shamanism?
Answer: native Mongol

Question: who had extraordinary sway over the people?
Answer: the Dalai Lama

Question: Who completed the ritual of blood sacrifice?
Answer: native Mongol

Question: Who bequeathed titles?
Answer: Mongol princes

Question: What is the name of the last author mentioned in the text?
Answer: Angela F. Howard

Question: What showed the union between religious and political strength?
Answer: bestow titles

Question: which regions were on the same side?
Answer: Mongol-Tibetan

Question: What did the Dalai Lama brandish?
Answer: the unique fusion of religious and political power
Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

Of the third Dalai Lama, China Daily states that the "Ming dynasty showed him special favor by allowing him to pay tribute." China Daily then says that Sonam Gyatso was granted the title Dorjichang or Vajradhara Dalai Lama in 1587 [sic!], but China Daily does not mention who granted him the title. Without mentioning the role of the Mongols, China Daily states that it was the successive Qing dynasty which established the title of Dalai Lama and his power in Tibet: "In 1653, the Qing emperor granted an honorific title to the fifth Dalai Lama and then did the same for the fifth Panchen Lama in 1713, officially establishing the titles of the Dalai Lama and the Panchen Erdeni, and their political and religious status in Tibet."

Question: What title was given to the 5th Panchen Lama?
Answer: the Panchen Erdeni

Question: Who got his title first, the fifth Dalai Lama or the fifth Panchen Lama?
Answer: In 1653, the Qing emperor granted an honorific title to the fifth Dalai Lama and then did the same for the fifth Panchen Lama in 1713

Question: What has an unknown origination?
Answer: the title

Question: Who did China Daily leave out when mentioning the title of Dalai Lama and Tibet?
Answer: Mongols

Question: What was done for the 3rd Dalai Lama?
Answer: Ming dynasty showed him special favor by allowing him to pay tribute

Question: According to China Daily, who gave Sonam Gyatso his title?
Answer: China Daily does not mention who granted him the title

Question: Who granted Sonam Gyatso a title?
Answer: China Daily does not mention who granted him the title

Question: When did the fifth Dalai Lama get his title?
Answer: 1653

Question: What title was given to the 5th Dalai Lama?
Answer: the Dalai Lama

Question: What word was originally included as part of the Dalai Lama title and later dropped from the title?
Answer: Vajradhara
Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

During his travels beginning in 1403, Deshin Shekpa was induced by further exhortations by the Ming court to visit Nanjing by April 10, 1407. Norbu writes that the Yongle Emperor, following the tradition of Mongol emperors and their reverence for the Sakya lamas, showed an enormous amount of deference towards Deshin Shekpa. The Yongle Emperor came out of the palace in Nanjing to greet the Karmapa and did not require him to kowtow like a tributary vassal. According to Karma Thinley, the emperor gave the Karmapa the place of honor at his left, and on a higher throne than his own. Rossabi and others describe a similar arrangement made by Kublai Khan and the Sakya Phagpa lama, writing that Kublai would "sit on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric" when receiving religious instructions from him.

Question: What did Mongol emperors gain from meeting with the Sakya lamas?
Answer: religious instructions

Question: 1407 was during the period of which Mongol controled dynasty in China?
Answer: Ming

Question: what empire in the passage starts with the letter M?
Answer: Mongol

Question: What was the top political position in the Ming dynasty?
Answer: Emperor

Question: what sentence in the passage is in quotation?
Answer: "sit on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric"

Question: Zhu Di was the __
Answer: Yongle Emperor

Question: In what way did Mongol emperors show deference to the Sakya lamas?
Answer: sit on a lower platform

Question: __ purged the  scholar-bureaucrats in Nanjing
Answer: Yongle Emperor

Question: How was respect normally shown to the emperor?
Answer: kowtow

Question: 1403 was the perpetrator of what?
Answer: his travels

Question: what name in the passage starts with D?
Answer: Deshin

Question: __ was born on 2 May 1360
Answer: Yongle Emperor
Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

Rawski writes that Altan Khan's conversion to the Gelug "can be interpreted as an attempt to expand his authority in his conflict with his nominal superior, Tümen Khan." To further cement the Mongol-Tibetan alliance, the great-grandson of Altan Khan—the 4th Dalai Lama (1589–1616)—was made the fourth Dalai Lama. In 1642, the 5th Dalai Lama (1617–1682) became the first to wield effective political control over Tibet.

Question: Who is the great-grandfather of the man who died in the 16th year of the 17th century?
Answer: Altan Khan

Question: When did the 4th Dalai Lama cease to exist?
Answer: 1616

Question: Who was born on the 89th year of the 16th century?
Answer: the 4th Dalai Lama

Question: When did Altan Khan come into the world?
Answer: 1589

Question: Who died on the 82nd year of the 17th century?
Answer: the 5th Dalai Lama

Question: Who was born first, the 4th Dalai Lama or the 5th Dalai Lama?
Answer: the 4th Dalai Lama

Question: When did the 5th Dalai Lama cease to exist?
Answer: 1682

Question: Who died about 66 years after the 4th Dalai Lama?
Answer: the 5th Dalai Lama

Question: When did the 5th Dalai Lama come into the world?
Answer: 1617

Question: Who was born on the 17th year of the 16th century?
Answer: the 5th Dalai Lama

Question: Who died in the 16th year of the 17th century?
Answer: the 4th Dalai Lama
Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

Despite this glowing message by the Emperor, Chan writes that a year later in 1446, the Ming court cut off all relations with the Karmapa hierarchs. Until then, the court was unaware that Deshin Shekpa had died in 1415. The Ming court had believed that the representatives of the Karma Kagyu who continued to visit the Ming capital were sent by the Karmapa.

Question: What did the Karmpa deliver to the capital
Answer: representatives

Question: __ was the Great Treasure Prince.
Answer: the Karmapa

Question: What happened to Deshin Shekpa?
Answer: Deshin Shekpa had died

Question: WHat do scissors and knives do?
Answer: cut

Question: What does the first mentioned person do first?
Answer: writes

Question: __ influenced the Yongle emperor regarding Tibet.
Answer: Deshin Shekpa

Question: Who wrote about the relations with the Karmapa hierarchs?
Answer: Chan

Question: What was the title of the leader of the Ming court?
Answer: Emperor

Question: In 1425, __ was completely unaware that they were not dealing with Deshin Shepka.
Answer: The Ming court

Question: What is the name of the first mentioned person?
Answer: Chan

Question: How much time passed til relations were ended
Answer: a year

Question: What was the tone of message sent by the Emperor?
Answer: representatives of the Karma Kagyu

Question: How did Chan communicate an end of relations with the Krmapa hierarchs?
Answer: writes

Question: What is the second date written in the text
Answer: 1415
Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

With the death of Zhengde and ascension of Jiajing, the politics at court shifted in favor of the Neo-Confucian establishment which not only rejected the Portuguese embassy of Fernão Pires de Andrade (d. 1523), but had a predisposed animosity towards Tibetan Buddhism and lamas. Evelyn S. Rawski, a professor in the Department of History of the University of Pittsburgh, writes that the Ming's unique relationship with Tibetan prelates essentially ended with Jiajing's reign while Ming influence in the Amdo region was supplanted by the Mongols.

Question: The Mongols replaced the court of what person?
Answer: Jiajing

Question: Lamas found themselves facing more?
Answer: animosity

Question: Jiajing ruled after?
Answer: Zhengde

Question: Jiajing came to power after?
Answer: the death of Zhengde

Question: The teams at __ are Panthers.
Answer: University of Pittsburgh

Question: The motto of __ is Veritas et Virtus.
Answer: University of Pittsburgh

Question: __ was founded in 1787.
Answer: University of Pittsburgh

Question: Tibetans got the same feelings as the?
Answer: Portuguese