UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
Alexander_Graham_Bell

Bell's father was invited by Sarah Fuller, principal of the Boston School for Deaf Mutes (which continues today as the public Horace Mann School for the Deaf), in Boston, Massachusetts, to introduce the Visible Speech System by providing training for Fuller's instructors, but he declined the post in favor of his son. Traveling to Boston in April 1871, Bell proved successful in training the school's instructors. He was subsequently asked to repeat the program at the American Asylum for Deaf-mutes in Hartford, Connecticut, and the Clarke School for the Deaf in Northampton, Massachusetts.

Question: Who declined to introduce the Visible Speech System?
Answer: Bell's father

Question: What was Bell's duty in the Clarke School for the Deaf?
Answer: repeat the program

Question: Who was invited to introduce the Visible Speech System?
Answer: Bell's father

Question: Where was Bell's first job?
Answer: Boston

Question: Outside of Massachusetts, which other institution was trained in the Visible Speech System?
Answer: the American Asylum for Deaf-mutes in Hartford, Connecticut

Question: What did Bell teach at what is now the Horace Mann School for the Deaf?
Answer: Visible Speech System

Question: What was the outcome with respect to Bell's training of Fuller's instructors?
Answer: successful

Question: Where was the final location that Bell was asked to repeat the program?
Answer: Clarke School for the Deaf in Northampton, Massachusetts

Question: Why did Bell's father decline the offer to introduce the Visible Speech System?
Answer: in favor of his son

Question: Who took up the job offered by Sarah Fuller?
Answer: Bell

Question: Whose instructors was Bell supposed to train?
Answer: Fuller's

Question: How did Bell help Fuller's instructors?
Answer: successful in training the school's instructors

Question: What kept Bell from training instructors at the Boston School for Deaf Mutes?
Answer: his son

Question: Which program was Bell offered to teach in Hartford and Northampton?
Answer: Visible Speech System

Question: What job was Bell invited to do?
Answer: introduce the Visible Speech System by providing training for Fuller's instructors
Alexander_Graham_Bell

The question of priority for the variable resistance feature of the telephone was raised by the examiner before he approved Bell's patent application. He told Bell that his claim for the variable resistance feature was also described in Gray's caveat. Bell pointed to a variable resistance device in Bell's previous application in which Bell described a cup of mercury, not water. Bell had filed the mercury application at the patent office a year earlier on February 25, 1875, long before Elisha Gray described the water device. In addition, Gray abandoned his caveat, and because he did not contest Bell's priority, the examiner approved Bell's patent on March 3, 1876. Gray had reinvented the variable resistance telephone, but Bell was the first to write down the idea and the first to test it in a telephone.

Question: Who initiated the patent investigation?
Answer: the examiner

Question: How was this claim solved?
Answer: He told Bell that his claim for the variable resistance feature was also described in Gray's caveat

Question: What happened in the end?
Answer: the examiner approved Bell's patent on March 3, 1876

Question: Why would Gray's actions be consider the right thing to do?
Answer: Gray had reinvented the variable resistance telephone, but Bell was the first to write down the idea and the first to test it in a telephone

Question: Where did a similarity lie?
Answer: the variable resistance feature

Question: What was Gray's primary flaw within his attempt to get a patent?
Answer: water

Question: Who ultimately won the patent?
Answer: Bell

Question: How could Bell validate his claim for the patent without the one cup of mercury statement?
Answer: Bell had filed the mercury application at the patent office a year earlier on February 25, 1875, long before Elisha Gray described the water device

Question: Who was not the first person to write down the idea regarding variable resistance in a telephone?
Answer: Gray

Question: Why did Bell feel he was vindicated?
Answer: Bell described a cup of mercury, not water

Question: What was a concern with the patent?
Answer: The question of priority for the variable resistance feature

Question: What rather underhanded thing happened to Bell?
Answer: his claim for the variable resistance feature was also described in Gray's caveat

Question: Who said that Bell's claim was also described in Gray's caveat?
Answer: the examiner

Question: What element was in the cup that Gray had proposed?
Answer: water
Alexander_Graham_Bell

Alexander Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on March 3, 1847. The family home was at 16 South Charlotte Street, and has a stone inscription marking it as Alexander Graham Bell's birthplace. He had two brothers: Melville James Bell (1845–70) and Edward Charles Bell (1848–67), both of whom would die of tuberculosis. His father was Professor Alexander Melville Bell, a phonetician, and his mother was Eliza Grace (née Symonds). Born as just "Alexander Bell", at age 10 he made a plea to his father to have a middle name like his two brothers.[N 6] For his 11th birthday, his father acquiesced and allowed him to adopt the name "Graham", chosen out of respect for Alexander Graham, a Canadian being treated by his father who had become a family friend. To close relatives and friends he remained "Aleck".

Question: What was Alexander's last name?
Answer: Bell

Question: Which sibling is older than Alexander?
Answer: Melville James Bell

Question: Which brother lived in 1846?
Answer: Melville James Bell

Question: Who did Ms. Symonds marry?
Answer: Alexander Melville Bell

Question: Which brother was born before Alexander?
Answer: Melville James Bell

Question: What didn't Alexander Bell have for the first decade of his life?
Answer: a middle name like

Question: Which brother was born after Alexander?
Answer: Edward Charles Bell

Question: Who did Eliza Grace's husband take care of?
Answer: Alexander Graham

Question: Which of the following people was not born with the surname Bell: Melville, Edward or Eliza?
Answer: Eliza

Question: What age did Alex get his gift?
Answer: For his 11th birthday

Question: What shows where Alex was born?
Answer: stone inscription marking it as Alexander Graham Bell's birthplace

Question: Which is greater: the number of brothers Alexander Bell had or the age he reached before he got a middle name?
Answer: age

Question: What was Mrs. Bell's maiden name?
Answer: Symonds

Question: Which of the following was not a middle name of a Bell sibling: Charles, Graham or Alexander?
Answer: Alexander

Question: What was Alexander's middle name?
Answer: Graham

Question: What were Alexander's brothers given that he was not?
Answer: middle name

Question: What did Alexander lack?
Answer: at age 10 he made a plea to his father to have a middle name like his two brothers
Alexander_Graham_Bell

On March 10, 1876, three days after his patent was issued, Bell succeeded in getting his telephone to work, using a liquid transmitter similar to Gray's design. Vibration of the diaphragm caused a needle to vibrate in the water, varying the electrical resistance in the circuit. When Bell spoke the famous sentence "Mr. Watson—Come here—I want to see you" into the liquid transmitter, Watson, listening at the receiving end in an adjoining room, heard the words clearly.

Question: What did Bell create?
Answer: patent

Question: The person who succeeded in getting his telephone to work talked to?
Answer: Watson

Question: Watson listened to?
Answer: Bell

Question: What does telephone have?
Answer: needle

Question: What did Bell create?
Answer: telephone

Question: What does a telephone have?
Answer: receiving end

Question: Who inspired Bell?
Answer: Gray

Question: What did the telephone allow?
Answer: heard the words clearly
Alexander_Graham_Bell

The patent examiner, Zenas Fisk Wilber, later stated in an affidavit that he was an alcoholic who was much in debt to Bell's lawyer, Marcellus Bailey, with whom he had served in the Civil War. He claimed he showed Gray's patent caveat to Bailey. Wilber also claimed (after Bell arrived in Washington D.C. from Boston) that he showed Gray's caveat to Bell and that Bell paid him $100. Bell claimed they discussed the patent only in general terms, although in a letter to Gray, Bell admitted that he learned some of the technical details. Bell denied in an affidavit that he ever gave Wilber any money.

Question: Who claims to have been paid by Bell?
Answer: Wilber

Question: Who received the document that disproved Bell's allegation that he only had a general idea of the patent?
Answer: Gray

Question: Whose document contains the allegation that Wilber was never paid?
Answer: Bell

Question: The content of a patent includes?
Answer: technical details

Question: What was the issue at hand?
Answer: he was an alcoholic who was much in debt to Bell's lawyer

Question: The person who later stated in an affidavit that he was an alcoholic fought in?
Answer: the Civil War

Question: What is the profession of the man Wilber is indebted to?
Answer: lawyer

Question: How did Zenas Fisk Wilber know Marcellus Bailey?
Answer: with whom he had served in the Civil War

Question: Where did the men meet?
Answer: the Civil War

Question: How did Bell get the patent, according Wilber?
Answer: He claimed he showed Gray's patent caveat to Bailey

Question: The person who later stated in an affidavit that he was an alcoholic was a?
Answer: patent examiner

Question: Who owned the patent?
Answer: Gray

Question: What was Bell's recourse for the patent/
Answer: Bell paid him $100
Alexander_Graham_Bell

After setting up his workshop, Bell continued experiments based on Helmholtz's work with electricity and sound. He also modified a melodeon (a type of pump organ) so that it could transmit its music electrically over a distance. Once the family was settled in, both Bell and his father made plans to establish a teaching practice and in 1871, he accompanied his father to Montreal, where Melville was offered a position to teach his System of Visible Speech.

Question: Bell's workshop was for?
Answer: experiments

Question: __ was born in 1821.
Answer: Helmholtz

Question: Organs create?
Answer: music

Question: __  revolutionized the field of ophthalmology with the invention of the ophthalmoscope
Answer: Helmholtz

Question: Bell went to?
Answer: Montreal

Question: __ was a pioneer in the scientific study of human vision and audition
Answer: Helmholtz
Alexander_Graham_Bell

Bell is also credited with developing one of the early versions of a metal detector in 1881. The device was quickly put together in an attempt to find the bullet in the body of U.S. President James Garfield. According to some accounts, the metal detector worked flawlessly in tests but did not find the assassin's bullet partly because the metal bed frame on which the President was lying disturbed the instrument, resulting in static. The president's surgeons, who were skeptical of the device, ignored Bell's requests to move the president to a bed not fitted with metal springs. Alternatively, although Bell had detected a slight sound on his first test, the bullet may have been lodged too deeply to be detected by the crude apparatus.

Question: Why was Bell encouraged about the metal detector?
Answer: worked flawlessly in tests

Question: What did Bell say needed to happen for the metal detector to work?
Answer: move the president to a bed not fitted with metal springs

Question: Why did Bell not hear any more sounds, after the first, on the device?
Answer: the bullet may have been lodged too deeply to be detected

Question: What is used as ammo?
Answer: bullet

Question: How was the Bell's device described?
Answer: crude apparatus

Question: What is opposite of late?
Answer: early

Question: What did the doctors do when Bell requested a move?
Answer: ignored Bell's requests

Question: Who was the first person to use a metal detector?
Answer: Bell

Question: Why did Bell make one of the first metal detectors?
Answer: in an attempt to find the bullet in the body of U.S. President James Garfield

Question: Why did Bell think the metal detector would work on Garfield?
Answer: worked flawlessly in tests

Question: Which is not a last name, Bell or Apparatus?
Answer: apparatus

Question: What did Bell do when President Garfield was shot?
Answer: developing one of the early versions of a metal detector
Adolescence

Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.

Question: What characteristics can  develop when puberty occurs?
Answer: a deeper voice and larger adam's apple

Question: What hormones increase gradually until sexual maturity?
Answer: testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen

Question: What does puberty cause?
Answer: surge in hormone production

Question: What causes a surge in hormones?
Answer: Puberty

Question: How is sexual maturation met?
Answer: mass production of the necessary chemicals

Question: What causes the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics?
Answer: pituitary gland

Question: If someone has testosterone released, what characteristics would develop?
Answer: a deeper voice and larger adam's apple

Question: What causes the development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls?
Answer: Puberty

Question: What does the pituitary gland cause?
Answer: triggered gonads
Adolescence

A thorough understanding of adolescence in society depends on information from various perspectives, including psychology, biology, history, sociology, education, and anthropology. Within all of these perspectives, adolescence is viewed as a transitional period between childhood and adulthood, whose cultural purpose is the preparation of children for adult roles. It is a period of multiple transitions involving education, training, employment and unemployment, as well as transitions from one living circumstance to another.

Question: What is learned in adolescence?
Answer: education, training, employment and unemployment

Question: Where do teenagers live?
Answer: in society

Question: Who studies adolescence?
Answer: psychology, biology, history, sociology, education, and anthropology

Question: What is the third mentioned important subject needed to learn how teens function?
Answer: history

Question: What is someone who has children?
Answer: adult

Question: Where in adolescence can the use of psychology, biology, history, sociology, education, and anthropology help us learn about in the human life?
Answer: society

Question: What is one possible thing that changes during the teenage years?
Answer: one living circumstance to another

Question: What happens during the teenage years?
Answer: multiple transitions

Question: What do married couples often decide to have?
Answer: children
Adolescence

Drinking habits and the motives behind them often reflect certain aspects of an individual's personality; in fact, four dimensions of the Five-Factor Model of personality demonstrate associations with drinking motives (all but 'Openness'). Greater enhancement motives for alcohol consumption tend to reflect high levels of extraversion and sensation-seeking in individuals; such enjoyment motivation often also indicates low conscientiousness, manifesting in lowered inhibition and a greater tendency towards aggression. On the other hand, drinking to cope with negative emotional states correlates strongly with high neuroticism and low agreeableness. Alcohol use as a negative emotion control mechanism often links with many other behavioral and emotional impairments, such as anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem.

Question: What is one more than four?
Answer: Five

Question: Which of the following is not a reason for drinking alcohol: enjoyment motivation, coping with negative emotional states or aggression?
Answer: aggression

Question: What is one more than three?
Answer: four

Question: In seven words or less describe how drinking habits help us get to know people better?
Answer: reflect certain aspects of an individual's personality

Question: Which of the following is not considered an emotional impairment: anxiety, inhibition or depression?
Answer: inhibition

Question: Which of the following traits is negatively correlated with alcohol consumption: extraversion, conscientiousness, or sensation-seeking?
Answer: conscientiousness

Question: What has nothing to do with drinking habits?
Answer: Openness

Question: Which of the following is positively correlated with neuroticism: alcohol use as a negative emotion control mechanism, agreeableness or sensation-seeking?
Answer: Alcohol use as a negative emotion control mechanism

Question: Which of the following is not linked to consuming alcohol to control negative emotional states: high neuroticism, high sensation-seeking, or low agreeableness?
Answer: sensation-seeking

Question: Which of the following is positively correlated with conscientiousness: neuroticism, inhibition or depression?
Answer: inhibition

Question: What word means shyness?
Answer: inhibition
Adolescence

Dating violence is fairly prevalent within adolescent relationships. When surveyed, 10-45% of adolescents reported having experienced physical violence in the context of a relationship while a quarter to a third of adolescents reported having experiencing psychological aggression. This reported aggression includes hitting, throwing things, or slaps, although most of this physical aggression does not result in a medical visit. Physical aggression in relationships tends to decline from high school through college and young adulthood. In heterosexual couples, there is no significant difference between the rates of male and female aggressors, unlike in adult relationships.

Question: It is equally likely that an abusive partner can be of either gender in which kind of relationship?
Answer: adolescent

Question: Increased aggression resulted in the adolescents in this article from what?
Answer: having experienced physical violence in the context of a relationship

Question: What is said about how many of each gender commit dating violence?
Answer: no significant difference between the rates of male and female aggressors

Question: When is physical aggression at its peak?
Answer: high school

Question: What is one thing that makes adolescent physical violence different from adult relationships?
Answer: there is no significant difference between the rates of male and female aggressors

Question: Which form of aggression requires the use of an object to hurt another individual?
Answer: throwing things

Question: The act of hitting someone with an open palm is?
Answer: slaps

Question: In addition to physical violence what other problem does this article discuss for adolescent relationships?
Answer: psychological aggression

Question: Being attracted to a member of the opposite sex is referred to as which sexuality?
Answer: heterosexual

Question: The coin of 25 cent value in the US is commonly called a?
Answer: quarter

Question: When is adolescent dating violence less common?
Answer: from high school through college and young adulthood

Question: How severe is dating violence usually?
Answer: most of this physical aggression does not result in a medical visit

Question: Who is more likely to commit physical violence in teenager relationships?
Answer: there is no significant difference between the rates of male and female aggressors
Adolescence

In studying adolescent development, adolescence can be defined biologically, as the physical transition marked by the onset of puberty and the termination of physical growth; cognitively, as changes in the ability to think abstractly and multi-dimensionally; or socially, as a period of preparation for adult roles. Major pubertal and biological changes include changes to the sex organs, height, weight, and muscle mass, as well as major changes in brain structure and organization. Cognitive advances encompass both increases in knowledge and in the ability to think abstractly and to reason more effectively. The study of adolescent development often involves interdisciplinary collaborations. For example, researchers in neuroscience or bio-behavioral health might focus on pubertal changes in brain structure and its effects on cognition or social relations. Sociologists interested in adolescence might focus on the acquisition of social roles (e.g., worker or romantic partner) and how this varies across cultures or social conditions. Developmental psychologists might focus on changes in relations with parents and peers as a function of school structure and pubertal status.

Question: when will one stop growing?
Answer: adolescence

Question: What happens when one boy is mature?
Answer: onset of puberty and the termination of physical growth

Question: After adolescence one becomes an?
Answer: adult

Question: Adolescence involves alternations of a physical, cognitive, and what nature?
Answer: socially

Question: what happens to the body physically during puberty
Answer: changes to the sex organs, height, weight, and muscle mass

Question: change in sex organs is part of what
Answer: puberty

Question: what might be different depending on where the adolescent is growing up
Answer: acquisition of social roles

Question: what is the study of the brain
Answer: neuroscience

Question: What change happens in left brain when one is an adult?
Answer: think abstractly