UCLNLP/adversarial_qa huggingface dataset:
French_and_Indian_War

In September 1760, and before any hostilities erupted, Governor Vaudreuil negotiated from Montreal a capitulation with General Amherst. Amherst granted Vaudreuil's request that any French residents who chose to remain in the colony would be given freedom to continue worshiping in their Roman Catholic tradition, continued ownership of their property, and the right to remain undisturbed in their homes. The British provided medical treatment for the sick and wounded French soldiers and French regular troops were returned to France aboard British ships with an agreement that they were not to serve again in the present war.

Question: Who was allowed the same quality of life?
French_and_Indian_War

The war was fought primarily along the frontiers between New France and the British colonies, from Virginia in the South to Nova Scotia in the North. It began with a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers, called the Forks of the Ohio, and the site of the French Fort Duquesne and present-day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The dispute erupted into violence in the Battle of Jumonville Glen in May 1754, during which Virginia militiamen under the command of 22-year-old George Washington ambushed a French patrol.

Question: Fort Duquesne is now long longer part of?
French_and_Indian_War

The third invasion was stopped with the improbable French victory in the Battle of Carillon, in which 3,600 Frenchmen famously and decisively defeated Abercrombie's force of 18,000 regulars, militia and Native American allies outside the fort the French called Carillon and the British called Ticonderoga. Abercrombie saved something from the disaster when he sent John Bradstreet on an expedition that successfully destroyed Fort Frontenac, including caches of supplies destined for New France's western forts and furs destined for Europe. Abercrombie was recalled and replaced by Jeffery Amherst, victor at Louisbourg.

Question: Which of the following names does not refer to the same place: Carillon, Abercrombie or Ticonderoga?

Question: What nationality was Abercrombie?

Question: Which of the following groups was not part of the British coalition at Ticonderoga: militia, supplies or Native Americans?
Huguenot

In 1700 several hundred French Huguenots migrated from England to the colony of Virginia, where the English Crown had promised them land grants in Lower Norfolk County. When they arrived, colonial authorities offered them instead land 20 miles above the falls of the James River, at the abandoned Monacan village known as Manakin Town, now in Powhatan County. Some settlers landed in present-day Chesterfield County. On 12 May 1705, the Virginia General Assembly passed an act to naturalise the 148 Huguenots still resident at Manakintown. Of the original 390 settlers in the isolated settlement, many had died; others lived outside town on farms in the English style; and others moved to different areas. Gradually they intermarried with their English neighbors. Through the 18th and 19th centuries, descendants of the French migrated west into the Piedmont, and across the Appalachian Mountains into the West of what became Kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri, and other states. In the Manakintown area, the Huguenot Memorial Bridge across the James River and Huguenot Road were named in their honor, as were many local features, including several schools, including Huguenot High School.

Question: Who did the English Crown promise land grants to?

Question: What did French Huguenots do with their neighbors after settling in the isolated settlement and many died?

Question: During the period of which the article is written, Virginia belonged to which nation?

Question: Where did the Huguenots initially expect to settle?

Question: It can be assumed from the information given that Lower Norfolk is located where?

Question: Many what were named in their honer including several schools?

Question: 242 Huguenots no longer lived in Manakin Town. What happened to them?

Question: Which of the following is not a natural landmark: James River, the Appalachian Mountains, or the Huguenot Memorial Bridge?
Huguenot

Renewed religious warfare in the 1620s caused the political and military privileges of the Huguenots to be abolished following their defeat. They retained the religious provisions of the Edict of Nantes until the rule of Louis XIV, who progressively increased persecution of them until he issued the Edict of Fontainebleau (1685), which abolished all legal recognition of Protestantism in France, and forced the Huguenots to convert. While nearly three-quarters eventually were killed  or submitted, roughly 500,000 Huguenots had fled France by the early 18th century[citation needed].

Question: What suggests Louis XIV was not a protestant?

Question: What suggests Huguenots were powerful entities?

Question: How much of the population of Huguenots was destroyed?

Question: Which edict was not issued by Louis XIV?

Question: When did the Huguenots lose the war in France?

Question: Which of the following privileges did the Huguenots lose last: legal, military or political?

Question: What was taken from the Huguenots after they lost the war?

Question: What allowed the Huguenots some form of their religion?

Question: What began the eventual demise of Huguenots after the conflict?

Question: What did Louis XIV's decree do?

Question: To which religious group did Louis XIV NOT belong?

Question: What might have the Edict of Nantes provided to the Huguenots?
Huguenot

The first Huguenots to leave France sought freedom from persecution in Switzerland and the Netherlands.[citation needed] A group of Huguenots was part of the French colonisers who arrived in Brazil in 1555 to found France Antarctique. A couple of ships with around 500 people arrived at the Guanabara Bay, present-day Rio de Janeiro, and settled in a small island. A fort, named Fort Coligny, was built to protect them from attack from the Portuguese troops and Brazilian Native Americans. It was an attempt to establish a French colony in South America. The fort was destroyed in 1560 by the Portuguese, who captured part of the Huguenots. The Portuguese threatened the prisoners with death if they did not convert to Catholicism. The Huguenots of Guanabara, as they are now known, produced a declaration of faith to express their beliefs to the Portuguese. This was their death sentence. This document, the Guanabara Confession of Faith, became the first Protestant confession of faith in the whole of the Americas.[citation needed]

Question: What is the current name of the place where 500 people arrived and settled in a small island?

Question: How many ships came to Brazil?

Question: What did Rio de Janeiro used to be called?

Question: What did the Portugese annihilate 5 years after French colonisers arrived in Brazil?

Question: From which country did those individuals who settled France Antarctique come from?

Question: What was the Guanabara Confession of Faith?

Question: Prior to coming to Brazil, where did Huguenots go to escape religious persecution?

Question: What did the Huguenots of Guanabara used to be known as?
Huguenot

Stadtholder William III of Orange, who later became King of England, emerged as the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV after the French attacked the Dutch Republic in 1672. William formed the League of Augsburg as a coalition to oppose Louis and the French state. Consequently, many Huguenots considered the wealthy and Calvinist Dutch Republic, which led the opposition to Louis XIV, as the most attractive country for exile after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. They also found many French-speaking Calvinist churches there.

Question: what was the final order mentioned?

Question: what is the first place mentioned?

Question: what region did Louis go after?

Question: what king is mentioned last?

Question: William was first a?

Question: what structures are mentioned last?
Huguenot

In 1564 a group of Norman Huguenots under the leadership of Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline on the banks of the St. Johns River in what is today Jacksonville, Florida. The effort was the first at any permanent European settlement in the present-day continental United States, but survived only a short time. A September 1565 French naval attack against the new Spanish colony at St. Augustine failed when its ships were hit by a hurricane on their way to the Spanish encampment at Fort Matanzas. Hundreds of French soldiers were stranded and surrendered to the numerically inferior Spanish forces led by Pedro Menendez. Menendez proceeded to massacre the defenseless Huguenots, after which he wiped out the Fort Caroline garrison.

Question: The colony that was established in the past in what is currently Jacksonville was disbanded by what year?

Question: Where was the first European settlement in the US?

Question: Which leader killed fewer people?

Question: What people attacked a colony in St. Augustine?

Question: Which name is younger, Fort Caroline or Jacksonville?

Question: In comparison to the french Soldiers stranded in 1565, the number of troops available in the forces led by admiral Menendez were considerably what?

Question: What colony did the French attack in 1565?

Question: Where was Fort Matanzas?

Question: Whose ships were hit by a hurricane?

Question: What specific kind of event preceeded the destruction of Fort Caroline?

Question: French soldiers after experiencing intense weather conditions while sailing in September 1565 were effectively what afterwards?

Question: The Fort Caroline garrison when met with forces led by admiral Menendez experienced what outcome?
Huguenot

The Catholic Church in France and many of its members opposed the Huguenots. Some Huguenot preachers and congregants were attacked as they attempted to meet for worship. The height of this persecution was the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre when 5,000 to 30,000 were killed, although there were also underlying political reasons for this as well, as some of the Huguenots were nobles trying to establish separate centers of power in southern France. Retaliating against the French Catholics, the Huguenots had their own militia.

Question: Where did the St. Bartholomew's day massacre happen?

Question: What was the Huguenots response the Catholic attack?

Question: What group was not targeted in the Bartholomew's Day massacre?

Question: Who did the Huguenots count on for defense?

Question: Something that is the cause or basis for another item is referred to as?

Question: What was one reason the Huguenots were targeted?

Question: Who was the victim in this scenario?

Question: What is the name for the measurment from the bottom to the top of an object or person?

Question: What were some of the Huguenots higher statuses?

Question: Who was a large contributor of opposition?

Question: Why did Catholics attack the Huguenots?

Question: People that preaches to a group are called?

Question: Who attacked on St. Bartholomew's Day?

Question: Showing hostility to another person based on race or religious beliefs is called?
Huguenot

Huguenot numbers peaked near an estimated two million by 1562, concentrated mainly in the southern and central parts of France, about one-eighth the number of French Catholics. As Huguenots gained influence and more openly displayed their faith, Catholic hostility grew, in spite of increasingly liberal political concessions and edicts of toleration from the French crown. A series of religious conflicts followed, known as the Wars of Religion, fought intermittently from 1562 to 1598. The wars finally ended with the granting of the Edict of Nantes, which granted the Huguenots substantial religious, political and military autonomy.

Question: what is the last group mentioned?

Question: What was the main religion in France?

Question: which faith group is mentioned second?

Question: what happened to the numbers of people mentioned first?

Question: How did the Catholics and the French crown differentiate?

Question: What was Huguenots' 1/8 of the Catholics?

Question: what was the last conflict mentioned?

Question: Why were there more than one conflict in the Wars of Religion?
Huguenot

Barred by the government from settling in New France, Huguenots led by Jessé de Forest, sailed to North America in 1624 and settled instead in the Dutch colony of New Netherland (later incorporated into New York and New Jersey); as well as Great Britain's colonies, including Nova Scotia. A number of New Amsterdam's families were of Huguenot origin, often having emigrated as refugees to the Netherlands in the previous century. In 1628 the Huguenots established a congregation as L'Église française à la Nouvelle-Amsterdam (the French church in New Amsterdam). This parish continues today as L'Eglise du Saint-Esprit, part of the Episcopal (Anglican) communion, and welcomes Francophone New Yorkers from all over the world. Upon their arrival in New Amsterdam, Huguenots were offered land directly across from Manhattan on Long Island for a permanent settlement and chose the harbor at the end of Newtown Creek, becoming the first Europeans to live in Brooklyn, then known as Boschwick, in the neighborhood now known as Bushwick.

Question: What nationality were the Huguenots?

Question: What is a synonym for Episcopal?

Question: French Huguenots decided to settle in a Dutch colony in 1624 because they were what?

Question: What type of place was the area now known as New York and New Jersey?

Question: What did the Huguenots do after settling in North America?

Question: Who offered the Huguenots land across from Manhattan?

Question: Which country did the Huguenots flee to first?

Question: Brooklyn was originally a settlement along what water way?

Question: What Europeans settled New York's Brooklyn?

Question: What was the L'Église française à la Nouvelle-Amsterdam?

Question: When did the Huguenots emigrate to the Netherlands?

Question: Brooklyn's Bushwick was originally called what?

Question: When did the Huguenots first start moving to the Netherlands?
Huguenot

Huguenot immigrants did not disperse or settle in different parts of the country, but rather, formed three societies or congregations; one in the city of New York, another 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle, and a third further upstate in New Paltz. The "Huguenot Street Historic District" in New Paltz has been designated a National Historic Landmark site and contains the oldest street in the United States of America. A small group of Huguenots also settled on the south shore of Staten Island along the New York Harbor, for which the current neighborhood of Huguenot was named.

Question: New Paltz has a what of great age?

Question: What's the name of the city that contains America's oldest street?

Question: Which Huguenot settlement is located furthest to the North of the state?

Question: Staten Island meets the water at a?

Question: How many societies of Huguenot immigrants settled in the city of New York?

Question: How many Huguenots formed a society on Staten Island?
Huguenot

Approximately one million Protestants in modern France represent some 2% of its population. Most are concentrated in Alsace in northeast France and the Cévennes mountain region in the south, who still regard themselves as Huguenots to this day.[citation needed] A diaspora of French Australians still considers itself Huguenot, even after centuries of exile. Long integrated into Australian society, it is encouraged by the Huguenot Society of Australia to embrace and conserve its cultural heritage, aided by the Society's genealogical research services.

Question: What does the Huguenot Society of Australia do to help followers to continue embrace and conserve its cultural heritage?

Question: What country did many of the Protestants get exiled to?

Question: What is approximately 2% of the population of France, numerically speaking?

Question: Why are the some Huguenots in Australia instead of France?

Question: Where, other than Alsace, do Huguenots tend to live?

Question: In numbers, how many of the French population are Protestants?

Question: Who were exiled from France?

Question: What country did many of the Huguenot get exiled to?
Huguenot

After the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, the Dutch Republic received the largest group of Huguenot refugees, an estimated total of 75,000 to 100,000 people. Amongst them were 200 clergy. Many came from the region of the Cévennes, for instance, the village of Fraissinet-de-Lozère. This was a huge influx as the entire population of the Dutch Republic amounted to ca. 2 million at that time. Around 1700, it is estimated that nearly 25% of the Amsterdam population was Huguenot.[citation needed] In 1705, Amsterdam and the area of West Frisia were the first areas to provide full citizens rights to Huguenot immigrants, followed by the Dutch Republic in 1715. Huguenots intermarried with Dutch from the outset.

Question: what happened to huguenots in the dutch republic 15 years after they were estimated to be 25% of the amsterdam population?

Question: What was the population of the Dutch Republic at the time the Huguenot refugees emigrated to the Dutch Republic?

Question: Which area gave full citizens rights to the Huguenot immigrants after Amsterdam and the area of West Frisia?

Question: what did the dutch republic do 15 years following the 25% estimation of the amsterdam population to be huguenot?
Huguenot

Some disagree with such double or triple non-French linguistic origins, arguing that for the word to have spread into common use in France, it must have originated in the French language. The "Hugues hypothesis" argues that the name was derived by association with Hugues Capet, king of France, who reigned long before the Reformation. He was regarded by the Gallicans and Protestants as a noble man who respected people's dignity and lives. Janet Gray and other supporters of the hypothesis suggest that the name huguenote would be roughly equivalent to little Hugos, or those who want Hugo.

Question: Why might Capet have been considered a noble man?

Question: People liking Capet has to do with him treating people like they had?

Question: What might be true of words that do not have double or triple non-French origins?

Question: What might the note suffix in huguenote mean?

Question: Which opinions did  people have of Hugues Capet?

Question: What was Hugues Capet's role?

Question: What is the first name of the person who came up with the definition of a Huguenote?

Question: a person who wants Hugo might be described as what?
Huguenot

Following the French Crown's revocation of the Edict of Nantes, many Huguenots settled in Ireland in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, encouraged by an act of parliament for Protestants' settling in Ireland. Huguenot regiments fought for William of Orange in the Williamite war in Ireland, for which they were rewarded with land grants and titles, many settling in Dublin. Significant Huguenot settlements were in Dublin, Cork, Portarlington, Lisburn, Waterford and Youghal. Smaller settlements, which included Killeshandra in County Cavan, contributed to the expansion of flax cultivation and the growth of the Irish linen industry.

Question: what was the last thing mentioned that was produced?

Question: what village is mentioned last?

Question: Why did the Huguenots feel safe in Ireland?

Question: what head decoration is mentioned first?

Question: what nationality is mentioned first?

Question: Who did the Huguenots help in war?

Question: what location is mentioned first?

Question: what nationality is mentioned last?

Question: Where was one of the lesser Huguenots settlements?

Question: what ethnicity is mentioned first?

Question: what group is mentioned first?

Question: what ethnicity is mentioned last?

Question: what type of head wear is mentioned first?
Huguenot

Some Huguenots fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch against Spain during the first years of the Dutch Revolt (1568–1609). The Dutch Republic rapidly became a destination for Huguenot exiles. Early ties were already visible in the "Apologie" of William the Silent, condemning the Spanish Inquisition, which was written by his court minister, the Huguenot Pierre L'Oyseleur, lord of Villiers. Louise de Coligny, daughter of the murdered Huguenot leader Gaspard de Coligny, married William the Silent, leader of the Dutch (Calvinist) revolt against Spanish (Catholic) rule. As both spoke French in daily life, their court church in the Prinsenhof in Delft held services in French. The practice has continued to the present day. The Prinsenhof is one of the 14 active Walloon churches of the Dutch Reformed Church. The ties between Huguenots and the Dutch Republic's military and political leadership, the House of Orange-Nassau, which existed since the early days of the Dutch Revolt, helped support the many early settlements of Huguenots in the Dutch Republic's colonies. They settled at the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and New Netherland in North America.

Question: Who did the House of Orange-Nassau ally with?

Question: What country settled at the Cape of Good Hope?

Question: Who did  Gaspard de Coligny become the father-in-law of?

Question: What country settled New Netherland?

Question: Whose husband did Pierre L'Oyseleur write for?

Question: Who was William the Silent's father-in-law?
Huguenot

Both before and after the 1708 passage of the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act, an estimated 50,000 Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England, with many moving on to Ireland and elsewhere. In relative terms, this was one of the largest waves of immigration ever of a single ethnic community to Britain. Andrew Lortie (born André Lortie), a leading Huguenot theologian and writer who led the exiled community in London, became known for articulating their criticism of the Pope and the doctrine of transubstantiation during Mass.

Question: What is Britain also known as?

Question: Other than the Hugenots, which Protestants ran away to England?

Question: What is Lortie's anglicized name?

Question: What is Lortie's birth name, Andre or Andrew?

Question: Which, between Andre and Andrew, is NOT Lortie's birth name?

Question: What is Lortie's chosen name (i.e. the one he was not born with)?

Question: What is the name Lortie chose for himself?

Question: What is England also known as?

Question: In what country is London?

Question: Who was the subject of the Hugenot's criticism?
Huguenot

Paul Revere was descended from Huguenot refugees, as was Henry Laurens, who signed the Articles of Confederation for South Carolina; Jack Jouett, who made the ride from Cuckoo Tavern to warn Thomas Jefferson and others that Tarleton and his men were on their way to arrest him for crimes against the king; Francis Marion, and a number of other leaders of the American Revolution and later statesmen. The last active Huguenot congregation in North America worships in Charleston, South Carolina, at a church that dates to 1844. The Huguenot Society of America maintains Manakin Episcopal Church in Virginia as an historic shrine with occasional services. The Society has chapters in numerous states, with the one in Texas being the largest.

Question: Where did Henry Laurens leave his moniker?

Question: What did Tarleton want from Thomas Jefferson?

Question: Who wanted to arrest Thomas Jefferson?

Question: Who in history have been Huguenot refugees?

Question: Where is the biggest huguenot service today?

Question: What were Francis Marios and other American Revolution leaders?

Question: What was Francis Marion originally?

Question: Who was Jack Jouett after?

Question: How did Jouett travel to Jefferson?