Study: NCT04870957

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PainGuide
Description: A 4-week, online, self-management program for pain known as PainGuide (online or smart phone). Participants will use this during the run-in period as well as after the run-in period.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PainGuide
Description: A 4-week, online, self-management program for pain known as PainGuide (online or smart phone). Participants will use this during the run-in period as well as after the run-in period.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PainGuide
Description: A 4-week, online, self-management program for pain known as PainGuide (online or smart phone). Participants will use this during the run-in period as well as after the run-in period.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PainGuide
Description: A 4-week, online, self-management program for pain known as PainGuide (online or smart phone). Participants will use this during the run-in period as well as after the run-in period.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PainGuide
Description: A 4-week, online, self-management program for pain known as PainGuide (online or smart phone). Participants will use this during the run-in period as well as after the run-in period.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PainGuide
Description: A 4-week, online, self-management program for pain known as PainGuide (online or smart phone). Participants will use this during the run-in period as well as after the run-in period.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PainGuide
Description: A 4-week, online, self-management program for pain known as PainGuide (online or smart phone). Participants will use this during the run-in period as well as after the run-in period.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PainGuide
Description: A 4-week, online, self-management program for pain known as PainGuide (online or smart phone). Participants will use this during the run-in period as well as after the run-in period.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PainGuide
Description: A 4-week, online, self-management program for pain known as PainGuide (online or smart phone). Participants will use this during the run-in period as well as after the run-in period.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: MBSR
Description: In this group (mindfulness-based stress reduction) participants will take part in 9 group sessions.~The groups sessions will be divided into 8 weekly 2-hour groups sessions and one 6-hour retreat. During the sessions participants will practice mindfulness exercises directed by the a MBSR therapist. Additionally, participants will also be asked to practice daily formal mindfulness at home using audio recordings of 30-45 minute guided meditation exercises. These audio recordings can be accessed online. The sessions may take place in-person or virtually.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: MBSR
Description: In this group (mindfulness-based stress reduction) participants will take part in 9 group sessions.~The groups sessions will be divided into 8 weekly 2-hour groups sessions and one 6-hour retreat. During the sessions participants will practice mindfulness exercises directed by the a MBSR therapist. Additionally, participants will also be asked to practice daily formal mindfulness at home using audio recordings of 30-45 minute guided meditation exercises. These audio recordings can be accessed online. The sessions may take place in-person or virtually.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: MBSR
Description: In this group (mindfulness-based stress reduction) participants will take part in 9 group sessions.~The groups sessions will be divided into 8 weekly 2-hour groups sessions and one 6-hour retreat. During the sessions participants will practice mindfulness exercises directed by the a MBSR therapist. Additionally, participants will also be asked to practice daily formal mindfulness at home using audio recordings of 30-45 minute guided meditation exercises. These audio recordings can be accessed online. The sessions may take place in-person or virtually.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: MBSR
Description: In this group (mindfulness-based stress reduction) participants will take part in 9 group sessions.~The groups sessions will be divided into 8 weekly 2-hour groups sessions and one 6-hour retreat. During the sessions participants will practice mindfulness exercises directed by the a MBSR therapist. Additionally, participants will also be asked to practice daily formal mindfulness at home using audio recordings of 30-45 minute guided meditation exercises. These audio recordings can be accessed online. The sessions may take place in-person or virtually.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: MBSR
Description: In this group (mindfulness-based stress reduction) participants will take part in 9 group sessions.~The groups sessions will be divided into 8 weekly 2-hour groups sessions and one 6-hour retreat. During the sessions participants will practice mindfulness exercises directed by the a MBSR therapist. Additionally, participants will also be asked to practice daily formal mindfulness at home using audio recordings of 30-45 minute guided meditation exercises. These audio recordings can be accessed online. The sessions may take place in-person or virtually.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: MBSR
Description: In this group (mindfulness-based stress reduction) participants will take part in 9 group sessions.~The groups sessions will be divided into 8 weekly 2-hour groups sessions and one 6-hour retreat. During the sessions participants will practice mindfulness exercises directed by the a MBSR therapist. Additionally, participants will also be asked to practice daily formal mindfulness at home using audio recordings of 30-45 minute guided meditation exercises. These audio recordings can be accessed online. The sessions may take place in-person or virtually.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: MBSR
Description: In this group (mindfulness-based stress reduction) participants will take part in 9 group sessions.~The groups sessions will be divided into 8 weekly 2-hour groups sessions and one 6-hour retreat. During the sessions participants will practice mindfulness exercises directed by the a MBSR therapist. Additionally, participants will also be asked to practice daily formal mindfulness at home using audio recordings of 30-45 minute guided meditation exercises. These audio recordings can be accessed online. The sessions may take place in-person or virtually.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PT and exercise
Description: Participants will take part in 10 physical therapy visits over the course of 8 weeks. Participants will meet with the physical therapist twice a week for a 1-hour session for weeks 1 and 2 and then weekly for the remaining 6 weeks. The physical therapist will tailor a program to the participant's needs according to recommended PT practice guidelines that will include in-person treatment, home exercise prescription, and encouragement of progressive, low-intensity, submaximal fitness and endurance activities, such as walking.~Participants will be given a home program of exercises to be done daily and asked to engage in daily walking with a set goal based on the individual's capacity and current fitness level. Walking was selected as the aerobic exercise of focus for this treatment because it is recommended for patients with all levels of pain severity, is highly feasible to complete, and has shown effects on outcomes such as pain and disability.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PT and exercise
Description: Participants will take part in 10 physical therapy visits over the course of 8 weeks. Participants will meet with the physical therapist twice a week for a 1-hour session for weeks 1 and 2 and then weekly for the remaining 6 weeks. The physical therapist will tailor a program to the participant's needs according to recommended PT practice guidelines that will include in-person treatment, home exercise prescription, and encouragement of progressive, low-intensity, submaximal fitness and endurance activities, such as walking.~Participants will be given a home program of exercises to be done daily and asked to engage in daily walking with a set goal based on the individual's capacity and current fitness level. Walking was selected as the aerobic exercise of focus for this treatment because it is recommended for patients with all levels of pain severity, is highly feasible to complete, and has shown effects on outcomes such as pain and disability.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PT and exercise
Description: Participants will take part in 10 physical therapy visits over the course of 8 weeks. Participants will meet with the physical therapist twice a week for a 1-hour session for weeks 1 and 2 and then weekly for the remaining 6 weeks. The physical therapist will tailor a program to the participant's needs according to recommended PT practice guidelines that will include in-person treatment, home exercise prescription, and encouragement of progressive, low-intensity, submaximal fitness and endurance activities, such as walking.~Participants will be given a home program of exercises to be done daily and asked to engage in daily walking with a set goal based on the individual's capacity and current fitness level. Walking was selected as the aerobic exercise of focus for this treatment because it is recommended for patients with all levels of pain severity, is highly feasible to complete, and has shown effects on outcomes such as pain and disability.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PT and exercise
Description: Participants will take part in 10 physical therapy visits over the course of 8 weeks. Participants will meet with the physical therapist twice a week for a 1-hour session for weeks 1 and 2 and then weekly for the remaining 6 weeks. The physical therapist will tailor a program to the participant's needs according to recommended PT practice guidelines that will include in-person treatment, home exercise prescription, and encouragement of progressive, low-intensity, submaximal fitness and endurance activities, such as walking.~Participants will be given a home program of exercises to be done daily and asked to engage in daily walking with a set goal based on the individual's capacity and current fitness level. Walking was selected as the aerobic exercise of focus for this treatment because it is recommended for patients with all levels of pain severity, is highly feasible to complete, and has shown effects on outcomes such as pain and disability.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PT and exercise
Description: Participants will take part in 10 physical therapy visits over the course of 8 weeks. Participants will meet with the physical therapist twice a week for a 1-hour session for weeks 1 and 2 and then weekly for the remaining 6 weeks. The physical therapist will tailor a program to the participant's needs according to recommended PT practice guidelines that will include in-person treatment, home exercise prescription, and encouragement of progressive, low-intensity, submaximal fitness and endurance activities, such as walking.~Participants will be given a home program of exercises to be done daily and asked to engage in daily walking with a set goal based on the individual's capacity and current fitness level. Walking was selected as the aerobic exercise of focus for this treatment because it is recommended for patients with all levels of pain severity, is highly feasible to complete, and has shown effects on outcomes such as pain and disability.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PT and exercise
Description: Participants will take part in 10 physical therapy visits over the course of 8 weeks. Participants will meet with the physical therapist twice a week for a 1-hour session for weeks 1 and 2 and then weekly for the remaining 6 weeks. The physical therapist will tailor a program to the participant's needs according to recommended PT practice guidelines that will include in-person treatment, home exercise prescription, and encouragement of progressive, low-intensity, submaximal fitness and endurance activities, such as walking.~Participants will be given a home program of exercises to be done daily and asked to engage in daily walking with a set goal based on the individual's capacity and current fitness level. Walking was selected as the aerobic exercise of focus for this treatment because it is recommended for patients with all levels of pain severity, is highly feasible to complete, and has shown effects on outcomes such as pain and disability.