Study: NCT04773184

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing
Description: This procedure involves inserting a flexible laryngoscope that contains a light source and video camera on the end through the open passage of the nose towards the back of the throat in order to visualize the swallowing mechanism.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing
Description: This procedure involves inserting a flexible laryngoscope that contains a light source and video camera on the end through the open passage of the nose towards the back of the throat in order to visualize the swallowing mechanism.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study
Description: Videofluoroscopic swallowing study will be performed to measure oropharyngeal swallowing. This is like a moving x-ray of the swallow.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study
Description: Videofluoroscopic swallowing study will be performed to measure oropharyngeal swallowing. This is like a moving x-ray of the swallow.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Voluntary Peak Cough Flow Testing
Description: Voluntary peak cough flow testing will be performed to determine the peak expiratory flow (PEF) and volume of air expelled (FEV1) during voluntary coughing.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Voluntary Peak Cough Flow Testing
Description: Voluntary peak cough flow testing will be performed to determine the peak expiratory flow (PEF) and volume of air expelled (FEV1) during voluntary coughing.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Iowa Oral Performance Instrument
Description: The Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) is a device that measures the peak pressure performance of lingual strength and endurance via the action of a bulb placed on the hard palate.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Iowa Oral Performance Instrument
Description: The Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) is a device that measures the peak pressure performance of lingual strength and endurance via the action of a bulb placed on the hard palate.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Capsaicin Challenge
Description: A capsaicin challenge with three randomized blocks of 0, 50, 100, 200, and 500 μM capsaicin. The capsaicin will be dissolved in a vehicle solution consisting of 80% physiological saline, and 20% ethanol. Participants will be given the instruction cough if you need to prior to capsaicin delivery.The solution will be administered automatically upon detection of an inspired breath and there will be a minimum of one minute between each trial. This is to test the reflexive cough testing for upper airway sensitivity and motor thresholds.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Capsaicin Challenge
Description: A capsaicin challenge with three randomized blocks of 0, 50, 100, 200, and 500 μM capsaicin. The capsaicin will be dissolved in a vehicle solution consisting of 80% physiological saline, and 20% ethanol. Participants will be given the instruction cough if you need to prior to capsaicin delivery.The solution will be administered automatically upon detection of an inspired breath and there will be a minimum of one minute between each trial. This is to test the reflexive cough testing for upper airway sensitivity and motor thresholds.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Pulmonary Function Testing
Description: Pulmonary Function testing will be performed using conventional methods and will include the following outcomes: forced vital capacity (FVC), maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) expressed as a percentage of predicted values.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Pulmonary Function Testing
Description: Pulmonary Function testing will be performed using conventional methods and will include the following outcomes: forced vital capacity (FVC), maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) expressed as a percentage of predicted values.

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Voicing Tasks
Description: Voicing tasks will be completed to assess vocal ability.

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Voicing Tasks
Description: Voicing tasks will be completed to assess vocal ability.