Study: NCT06602141

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Muscle Biopsy
Description: This procedure is used to sample muscle cells from the leg Vastus Lateralis (thigh) muscle.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Muscle Biopsy
Description: This procedure is used to sample muscle cells from the leg Vastus Lateralis (thigh) muscle.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Adipose Biopsy
Description: This procedure is used to sample fat tissue from the abdomen (belly).

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Adipose Biopsy
Description: This procedure is used to sample fat tissue from the abdomen (belly).

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Glucose Clamp
Description: In this test, we will measure the effect of insulin by giving you insulin and glucose (sugar) intravenously through an IV line in your arm.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Glucose Clamp
Description: In this test, we will measure the effect of insulin by giving you insulin and glucose (sugar) intravenously through an IV line in your arm.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Accelerometer
Description: The tri-axial accelerometer measure activity and uses those values to estimate the number of calories burned based on your height, weight, age, and gender. The monitor also evaluates physical effort and the body's response to different activities.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Accelerometer
Description: The tri-axial accelerometer measure activity and uses those values to estimate the number of calories burned based on your height, weight, age, and gender. The monitor also evaluates physical effort and the body's response to different activities.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Endurance Exercise
Description: Visit the study site 3 times a week to engage in endurance exercise training for approximately 12 weeks. Each session will last approximately 75 minutes, and exercise group can choose to use either a stationary bike or a treadmill to complete the training.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Physical activity/ dietary habits
Description: Visit the study site bi-weekly to get weight measurements and speak to the study team about weight maintenance and participant physical activity/dietary habits.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Heavy Water Labeling Period
Description: Participants in both control groups will be required to drink heavy water, which is ordinary water that is enriched with deuterium (stable, non-radioactive isotope) and called deuterium-labeled water, for 12 weeks.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Heavy Water Labeling Period
Description: Participants in both control groups will be required to drink heavy water, which is ordinary water that is enriched with deuterium (stable, non-radioactive isotope) and called deuterium-labeled water, for 12 weeks.