Study: NCT05009758

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Blood sampling
Description: Blood collection for PBMC isolation, measurement of cytokines in serum, and mass cytometry

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Blood sampling
Description: Blood collection for PBMC isolation, measurement of cytokines in serum, and mass cytometry

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Blood sampling
Description: Blood collection for PBMC isolation, measurement of cytokines in serum, and mass cytometry

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Nasosorption
Description: Nasosorptions will be applied for the collection of nasal secretions (Nasosorption FX-I, Hunt Developments (UK) Limited, Midhurst, West Sussex, United Kingdom). Under visualization, the device will be inserted into the nasal cavity and be placed along the lateral wall against the inferior turbinate. The index finger of the patient will be used to press onto the external aspects of the alar and lateral nasal cartilages to hold the device in place. After 1 minute, the devices will be removed.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Nasosorption
Description: Nasosorptions will be applied for the collection of nasal secretions (Nasosorption FX-I, Hunt Developments (UK) Limited, Midhurst, West Sussex, United Kingdom). Under visualization, the device will be inserted into the nasal cavity and be placed along the lateral wall against the inferior turbinate. The index finger of the patient will be used to press onto the external aspects of the alar and lateral nasal cartilages to hold the device in place. After 1 minute, the devices will be removed.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Nasosorption
Description: Nasosorptions will be applied for the collection of nasal secretions (Nasosorption FX-I, Hunt Developments (UK) Limited, Midhurst, West Sussex, United Kingdom). Under visualization, the device will be inserted into the nasal cavity and be placed along the lateral wall against the inferior turbinate. The index finger of the patient will be used to press onto the external aspects of the alar and lateral nasal cartilages to hold the device in place. After 1 minute, the devices will be removed.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Oral sampling
Description: For oral sampling, saliva collection devices (SuperSAL or PureSAL, Oasis Diagnostic Corporation, USA) will be applied followed by elution. Then swabs optimized for the collection of specimens will be applied (CLASSIQSwabs, Copan Diagnostics Inc. Murietta, CA, USA) to the dorsum of the tongue.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Oral sampling
Description: For oral sampling, saliva collection devices (SuperSAL or PureSAL, Oasis Diagnostic Corporation, USA) will be applied followed by elution. Then swabs optimized for the collection of specimens will be applied (CLASSIQSwabs, Copan Diagnostics Inc. Murietta, CA, USA) to the dorsum of the tongue.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Oral sampling
Description: For oral sampling, saliva collection devices (SuperSAL or PureSAL, Oasis Diagnostic Corporation, USA) will be applied followed by elution. Then swabs optimized for the collection of specimens will be applied (CLASSIQSwabs, Copan Diagnostics Inc. Murietta, CA, USA) to the dorsum of the tongue.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Bronchoscopy
Description: The bronchoscopy will be performed in the outpatient clinic of the Department of Pulmonology. Bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL): the bronchoscope is wedged in the segmental or subsegmental bronchus of the middle lobe. Up to 300 ml sterile normal saline is injected stepwise via handheld syringe and then gradually withdrawn back into the syringe. BAL fluid (BALF) will be prepared and further analyzed in the lab. Transbronchial biopsy (TBLB): performed by forceps in the lung periphery under fluoroscopy guidance. Up to 4 biopsies are taken in two different lobes of one lung with a distance of 1-2 cm to the pleura. TBLB is only performed in patients who have got not contraindications.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Bronchoscopy
Description: The bronchoscopy will be performed in the outpatient clinic of the Department of Pulmonology. Bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL): the bronchoscope is wedged in the segmental or subsegmental bronchus of the middle lobe. Up to 300 ml sterile normal saline is injected stepwise via handheld syringe and then gradually withdrawn back into the syringe. BAL fluid (BALF) will be prepared and further analyzed in the lab. Transbronchial biopsy (TBLB): performed by forceps in the lung periphery under fluoroscopy guidance. Up to 4 biopsies are taken in two different lobes of one lung with a distance of 1-2 cm to the pleura. TBLB is only performed in patients who have got not contraindications.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Bronchoscopy
Description: The bronchoscopy will be performed in the outpatient clinic of the Department of Pulmonology. Bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL): the bronchoscope is wedged in the segmental or subsegmental bronchus of the middle lobe. Up to 300 ml sterile normal saline is injected stepwise via handheld syringe and then gradually withdrawn back into the syringe. BAL fluid (BALF) will be prepared and further analyzed in the lab. Transbronchial biopsy (TBLB): performed by forceps in the lung periphery under fluoroscopy guidance. Up to 4 biopsies are taken in two different lobes of one lung with a distance of 1-2 cm to the pleura. TBLB is only performed in patients who have got not contraindications.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Nasal biopsy
Description: Nasal biopsies will be taken during routine endoscopy performed to score CRSwNP. Patients will receive local anesthesia and decongestants prior to obtaining the biopsy. Samples will either be embedded in OCT or processed for cellular analysis

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Nasal biopsy
Description: Nasal biopsies will be taken during routine endoscopy performed to score CRSwNP. Patients will receive local anesthesia and decongestants prior to obtaining the biopsy. Samples will either be embedded in OCT or processed for cellular analysis

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Nasal sampling
Description: Swabs optimized for the collection of specimens will be applied (CLASSIQSwabs, Copan Diagnostics Inc. Murietta, CA, USA) to the anterior naris and middle meatus of each nostril

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Nasal sampling
Description: Swabs optimized for the collection of specimens will be applied (CLASSIQSwabs, Copan Diagnostics Inc. Murietta, CA, USA) to the anterior naris and middle meatus of each nostril

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Nasal sampling
Description: Swabs optimized for the collection of specimens will be applied (CLASSIQSwabs, Copan Diagnostics Inc. Murietta, CA, USA) to the anterior naris and middle meatus of each nostril

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Nasal mucosa mRNA sampling
Description: Mucosal mRNA sampling will be performed using a 10cm nasal curette (either Rhino-Probe, Arlington Scientific, USA or Cellskim, Hunt Developments, UK). Under direct visualization, the curette will be brought to lie against the mid-inferior portion of the inferior turbinate. The curette will be pressed against the mucosal surface moved outwards 2-3 times. This motion will be repeated 2-3 times to ensure good sample collection. This curette and technique have been shown to cause no significant discomfort to patients and thus it has the advantage of no requirement for local anesthetics.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Nasal mucosa mRNA sampling
Description: Mucosal mRNA sampling will be performed using a 10cm nasal curette (either Rhino-Probe, Arlington Scientific, USA or Cellskim, Hunt Developments, UK). Under direct visualization, the curette will be brought to lie against the mid-inferior portion of the inferior turbinate. The curette will be pressed against the mucosal surface moved outwards 2-3 times. This motion will be repeated 2-3 times to ensure good sample collection. This curette and technique have been shown to cause no significant discomfort to patients and thus it has the advantage of no requirement for local anesthetics.