Study: NCT06366256

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Traditional ultrasound biofeedback
Description: Participants use a B-mode ultrasound device to view their tongue movement on a screen. The participant sees the ultrasound image of their tongue moving in sagittal plane on the screen. The speech-language pathologist working with the participant also views participant's tongue movement and provides verbal instruction on how the participant should move their tongue to produce a perceptually correct r sound in simple syllables (CV, VC), as well as evaluative statements about accuracy. Participants practice moving their tongue along with these instructions, practicing the simple syllable (CV, VC) words.~VC=vowel consonant syllables (ex. or) CV=consonant vowel syllables (ex. ra)

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Traditional ultrasound biofeedback
Description: Participants use a B-mode ultrasound device to view their tongue movement on a screen. The participant sees the ultrasound image of their tongue moving in sagittal plane on the screen. The speech-language pathologist working with the participant also views participant's tongue movement and provides verbal instruction on how the participant should move their tongue to produce a perceptually correct r sound in simple syllables (CV, VC), as well as evaluative statements about accuracy. Participants practice moving their tongue along with these instructions, practicing the simple syllable (CV, VC) words.~VC=vowel consonant syllables (ex. or) CV=consonant vowel syllables (ex. ra)

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Simplified ultrasound biofeedback
Description: Participants use a B-mode ultrasound device that captures the movement of their tongue and software that transforms the movement of their tongue into gamified objects on a screen. The participant sees a game object (a character) move on the screen towards goals; the movement of the game object represents the movement of the tongue and the goals are representative of tongue movements that correlate with an acoustic percept of accuracy. The speech-language pathologist working with the participant views the movement of the game object and provides verbal instruction on how the participant should move the game character in order to reach the goals when saying simple syllable words (CV, VC) as well as evaluative statements about accuracy. Participants practice moving their tongue along with these instructions, practicing the simple syllable (CV, VC) words.~VC=vowel consonant syllables (ex. or) CV=consonant vowel syllables (ex. ra)

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Simplified ultrasound biofeedback
Description: Participants use a B-mode ultrasound device that captures the movement of their tongue and software that transforms the movement of their tongue into gamified objects on a screen. The participant sees a game object (a character) move on the screen towards goals; the movement of the game object represents the movement of the tongue and the goals are representative of tongue movements that correlate with an acoustic percept of accuracy. The speech-language pathologist working with the participant views the movement of the game object and provides verbal instruction on how the participant should move the game character in order to reach the goals when saying simple syllable words (CV, VC) as well as evaluative statements about accuracy. Participants practice moving their tongue along with these instructions, practicing the simple syllable (CV, VC) words.~VC=vowel consonant syllables (ex. or) CV=consonant vowel syllables (ex. ra)