Study: NCT06347250

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Nerve Block
Description: The percutaneous approach via the paratracheal route was used for Stellate ganglion block. The operator stood on the side of the block, instructed the patient to lie supine with a thin pillow placed below the shoulders, and tilted the head 45° towards the blocked side, fully exposing the neck. Then, routine disinfection of the neck skin was performed. The puncture site was located 2.5 cm above the sternoclavicular joint and 1.5 cm lateral to the midline of the neck.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Lidocaine Hydrochloride
Description: the patients were provided with Stellate ganglion block, using 1.5ml of 2% Lidocaine hydrochloride (1ml: 0.5mg) and 500ug of Vitamin B12 (1ml: 0.5g).

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: routine therapy
Description: All the participants are provided with the comprehensive rehabilitation (routine rehabilitation and swallowing function training). The routine rehabilitation included intervention for risk factors (blood pressure, blood lipids, blood glucose, smoking and alcohol restriction, exercise, etc.).~Regrading swallowing function training, both groups are given swallowing function training, including 1) exercises of closure of the vocal folds, pharyngeal, and laryngeal muscles exercises, and respiratory muscle strength training, for 15 min each time and twice per day. 2) isotonic／isometric swallowing exercises, supraglottic swallowing exercises, for 20 min each time and twice per day. 3) effortful swallowing exercises, and cough reflex training, for 10 min each time and twice per day.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: routine therapy
Description: All the participants are provided with the comprehensive rehabilitation (routine rehabilitation and swallowing function training). The routine rehabilitation included intervention for risk factors (blood pressure, blood lipids, blood glucose, smoking and alcohol restriction, exercise, etc.).~Regrading swallowing function training, both groups are given swallowing function training, including 1) exercises of closure of the vocal folds, pharyngeal, and laryngeal muscles exercises, and respiratory muscle strength training, for 15 min each time and twice per day. 2) isotonic／isometric swallowing exercises, supraglottic swallowing exercises, for 20 min each time and twice per day. 3) effortful swallowing exercises, and cough reflex training, for 10 min each time and twice per day.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: placebo block
Description: the patients were provided with normal saline. The percutaneous approach via the paratracheal route was used for Stellate ganglion block. The operator stood on the side of the block, instructed the patient to lie supine with a thin pillow placed below the shoulders, and tilted the head 45° towards the blocked side, fully exposing the neck. Then, routine disinfection of the neck skin was performed. The puncture site was located 2.5 cm above the sternoclavicular joint and 1.5 cm lateral to the midline of the neck.