Study: NCT04909320

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: AWARD advice
Description: Ask about smoking history; Warn about the high risk; Advise to quit; Refer smokers to smoking cessation services (with a referral card); Do it again

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: AWARD advice
Description: Ask about smoking history; Warn about the high risk; Advise to quit; Refer smokers to smoking cessation services (with a referral card); Do it again

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Brief leaflet on health warning and smoking cessation
Description: The contents of the leaflet include (1) highlights of the absolute risk of death due to smoking; (2) the whole list of diseases caused by active and second-hand smoking; (3) ten horrible pictorial warnings of health consequences of smoking and second-hand smoking in one page to maximize the impacts; (4) benefits of SC and (5) simple messages to encourage participants to quit smoking and remind them to call the Department of Health SC hotline 183 3183.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Brief leaflet on health warning and smoking cessation
Description: The contents of the leaflet include (1) highlights of the absolute risk of death due to smoking; (2) the whole list of diseases caused by active and second-hand smoking; (3) ten horrible pictorial warnings of health consequences of smoking and second-hand smoking in one page to maximize the impacts; (4) benefits of SC and (5) simple messages to encourage participants to quit smoking and remind them to call the Department of Health SC hotline 183 3183.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Referral card
Description: The contents consist of brief information and highlights of existing SC services, contact methods, motivation information, and strong supporting messages or slogans.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Referral card
Description: The contents consist of brief information and highlights of existing SC services, contact methods, motivation information, and strong supporting messages or slogans.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Self-help smoking cessation booklet
Description: The contents include information about the benefits of quitting, smoking and diseases, methods to quit, how to handle withdrawal symptoms, declaration of quitting, etc.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Self-help smoking cessation booklet
Description: The contents include information about the benefits of quitting, smoking and diseases, methods to quit, how to handle withdrawal symptoms, declaration of quitting, etc.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Positive psychological support through 3-people group chat using instant messaging apps
Description: Each IM chat group will consist of a trained SC counselor (HKU staff), a peer supporter (former smoker), and a participant (smoker). The 3-month group chat-based intervention will consist of regular messages and real-time support through group chat. Regular messages will generally include goal setting, health warnings, abstinence support, positive psychological exercises, and encouragement and will be delivered in a tapering style. During the real-time chatting, SC counsellors and peer supporters will provide real-time chat-based support, and peer supporters will share their quitting experience as appropriate.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: E-messages via SMS
Description: Regular e-messages via SMS at twice per month within 3 months (total 6).