Study: NCT03687970

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Brief Pain Inventory
Description: -A self-administered questionnaire used to evaluate the severity of a patient's pain and the impact of this pain on the patient's daily functioning. The patient is asked to rate their worst, least, average, and current pain intensity (4 items which generate the PAIN SEVERITY score), list current treatments and their perceived effectiveness, and rate the degree that pain interferes with general activity, mood, walking ability, normal work, relations with other persons, sleep, and enjoyment of life (7 items which generate the PAIN INTERFERENCE score) on a 10 point scale.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Brief Pain Inventory
Description: -A self-administered questionnaire used to evaluate the severity of a patient's pain and the impact of this pain on the patient's daily functioning. The patient is asked to rate their worst, least, average, and current pain intensity (4 items which generate the PAIN SEVERITY score), list current treatments and their perceived effectiveness, and rate the degree that pain interferes with general activity, mood, walking ability, normal work, relations with other persons, sleep, and enjoyment of life (7 items which generate the PAIN INTERFERENCE score) on a 10 point scale.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Description: * 14 item scale with even of the items relating to anxiety and seven relating to depression~* Each item on the questionnaire is scored from 0-3 and this means that a patient can score between 0 and 21 for either anxiety or depression

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Description: * 14 item scale with even of the items relating to anxiety and seven relating to depression~* Each item on the questionnaire is scored from 0-3 and this means that a patient can score between 0 and 21 for either anxiety or depression

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory
Description: -The NPSI questionnaire utilized in this study includes eight parameters (i.e., burning pain, squeezing pain, pressure pain, electric shock pain, stabbing pain, tingling pain, pins and needles pain and allodynia \[pain provoked by light touch\]). Each of the parameters includes recall of the past 24 hours

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory
Description: -The NPSI questionnaire utilized in this study includes eight parameters (i.e., burning pain, squeezing pain, pressure pain, electric shock pain, stabbing pain, tingling pain, pins and needles pain and allodynia \[pain provoked by light touch\]). Each of the parameters includes recall of the past 24 hours

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Diode Laser fiber type Selective Stimulator
Description: -Each patient will have an A and C fiber stimulation. Stimulation will be performed on the dorsum of the foot using stimulation previously published parameters to elicit burning pain, which is from activation of C-fibers and pinprick pain from A-fibers

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Diode Laser fiber type Selective Stimulator
Description: -Each patient will have an A and C fiber stimulation. Stimulation will be performed on the dorsum of the foot using stimulation previously published parameters to elicit burning pain, which is from activation of C-fibers and pinprick pain from A-fibers

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Quantitative sensory testing
Description: * Quantitative sensory testing will be performed on the dorsal mid-foot and the ipsilateral shoulder will serve as control area~* Cold and warm detection thresholds, cold and heat pain thresholds, mechanical detection thresholds, and wind-up ratio

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Quantitative sensory testing
Description: * Quantitative sensory testing will be performed on the dorsal mid-foot and the ipsilateral shoulder will serve as control area~* Cold and warm detection thresholds, cold and heat pain thresholds, mechanical detection thresholds, and wind-up ratio

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Conditioned pain modulation efficiency
Description: -Immersion of a hand up to the wrist to a thermostat-controlled water bath maintained at 12 degrees Celsius, and the application of a heat stimulus on the contralateral forearm.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Conditioned pain modulation efficiency
Description: -Immersion of a hand up to the wrist to a thermostat-controlled water bath maintained at 12 degrees Celsius, and the application of a heat stimulus on the contralateral forearm.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Spontaneous pain at baseline on 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)
Description: -The subjects are asked to rate the intensity of their current pain on a 0-10 scale - 0 denoting no pain and 10 denoting worst imaginable pain.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Spontaneous pain at baseline on 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)
Description: -The subjects are asked to rate the intensity of their current pain on a 0-10 scale - 0 denoting no pain and 10 denoting worst imaginable pain.