TrialPanorama/TrialPanorama-database huggingface dataset:
Study: NCT05368545

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: High intensity lipid lowering
Description: Two different regimens of drugs with different effects on LDL lowering

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: High intensity lipid lowering
Description: Two different regimens of drugs with different effects on LDL lowering
Study: NCT02908516

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Tranexamic Acid
Description: 2 doses of 1.95 g TXA orally, once in the ED and another dose pre-operatively.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: 2 doses of 1.95 g cellulose orally, once in the ED and another dose pre-operatively.
Study: NCT00389155

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Vinflunine
Description: solution for injection, IV, vinflunine: 280/320 mg/m2 + gemcitabine: 1000 mg/m2, every 3 wks, variable duration

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Gemcitabine
Description: solution for injection, IV, placebo + gemcitabine, 1000 mg/m2, every 3 wks, variable duration

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Gemcitabine
Description: solution for injection, IV, placebo + gemcitabine, 1000 mg/m2, every 3 wks, variable duration

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Study: NCT03023904

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Nivolumab
Description: Given IV

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Description: Correlative studies
Study: NCT04828044

Intervention type: DEVICE
Intervention: Microwave Ablation/ Coagulation Arm
Description: An 11-gauge microwave probe from MedWaves, Inc., will be placed in the tumor. An ablation lesion will then be generated at the appropriate power (10-35 watts) to maintain up to 130C degrees at the MW applicator tip thermocouple for 10 minutes duration. Palpation and/or ultrasound may be used to place the MWA needle and monitor the progress of the microwave ablation.
Study: NCT03633188

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Patients treated by antibiotherapy
Description: Biological samples (stool, blood, swabs) will be collected :~* Blood sampling (12 ml) at baseline (week 0) at the end of treatment (W6/W24),and 15 days after antibiotherapy stop (optional) (W8/W26),~* Feces collection at baseline (week 0) during antibiotic treatment (W2), at the end of treatment (W6/W24),15 days after antibiotherapy stop (W8/W26), and W26 after baseline~* Swab samples (nasal and rectal) at baseline at week 0 and at the end of treatment (W6/W24),
Study: NCT01692808

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Vitamin D3 3000 UI daily
Description: Vitamin D3 will be administered as an adjunct to corticosteroids or enteral nutrition at the doses of 3000 UI daily or 4000 UI daily

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Vitamin D3 4000 UI daily
Description: This arm is intended for those at diagnosis treated with Corticosteroid or in Remission

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Vitamin D3 4000 UI daily
Description: This arm is intended for those at diagnosis treated with Corticosteroid or in Remission
Study: NCT05784207

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Radiomics model to classify between IPF with UIP pattern and ILDs without UIP pattern
Description: The aim is to evaluate the performance of AI with the performance of doctors

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Radiomics model to classify between IPF with UIP pattern and ILDs without UIP pattern
Description: The aim is to evaluate the performance of AI with the performance of doctors

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Radiomics model to classify between IPF with UIP pattern and ILDs without UIP pattern
Description: The aim is to evaluate the performance of AI with the performance of doctors

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Radiomics model to classify between IPF with UIP pattern and ILDs without UIP pattern
Description: The aim is to evaluate the performance of AI with the performance of doctors
Study: NCT03871114

Intervention type: DRUG
Intervention: Triamcinolone Acetonide in orabase
Description: treatment of OLP with topical steroid
Study: NCT00124280

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: RAD001

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: RAD001
Study: NCT02059876

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: carboplatin and paclitaxel and or without trastuzumab
Description: dose-dense(biweekly) carboplatin and paclitaxel and or without trastuzumab as neoadjuvant treatment in early breast cancer
Study: NCT01818726

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: ICL670
Description: ICL670 was supplied in registered packages as 250mg or 500mg dispersible tablets.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Chelation
Description: Main group of patients with aplastic anemia and transfusion-dependent iron overload underwent treatment programs of standard immunosuppressive treatment (immunosupressant - Cyclosporine A) and received chelation with ICL670 (deferasirox).

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: No chelation
Description: Comparative group of patients with aplastic anemia and transfusion-dependent iron overload underwent treatment programs of standard immunosuppressive treatment ( immunosupressant -Cyclosporine A)
Study: NCT03504202

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Trimetazidine
Description: After enrollment, experimental group will receive Trimetazidine(35mg tid) for six months .
Study: NCT00905957

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: TAP block
Description: TAP block using 20 ml of a local anaesthetic agent will be used in the treatment group

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: TAP block with placebo
Description: TAP block using a placebo after induction of anaesthesia
Study: NCT04187235

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Laparascopic repair of parastomal hernia
Description: Laparascopic repair of parastomal hernia

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Laparascopic repair of parastomal hernia
Description: Laparascopic repair of parastomal hernia
Study: NCT05086042

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: Ultrasonography, Magnetic resonance imaging
Description: The cross-sectional area of the median nerve was measured with US and MRI.

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: Ultrasonography, Magnetic resonance imaging
Description: The cross-sectional area of the median nerve was measured with US and MRI.
Study: NCT04244370

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Caterpillar™ Arterial Embolization Device
Description: Placement of the Caterpillar™ Arterial Embolization Device for patients requiring arterial embolization in the peripheral vasculature.
Study: NCT02511977

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: peri-implant examination
Description: The prostheses were removed and all implants were evaluated: probing depth, plaque index and bleeding index.

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: peri-implant examination
Description: The prostheses were removed and all implants were evaluated: probing depth, plaque index and bleeding index.
Study: NCT03594968

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: polycystic ovary syndrome
Description: 3 to 5th day of the women's normal cycle, we will perform a routine gynecological examination, a basic vaginal ultrasound, a basal hormone profile evaluation

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: polycystic ovary syndrome
Description: 3 to 5th day of the women's normal cycle, we will perform a routine gynecological examination, a basic vaginal ultrasound, a basal hormone profile evaluation
Study: NCT03785054

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: HTL0014242
Description: HTL0014242 is a selective negative allosteric modulator (NAM) for the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor 5 subtype (mGlu5)

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: HTL0014242
Description: HTL0014242 is a selective negative allosteric modulator (NAM) for the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor 5 subtype (mGlu5)

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: HTL0014242
Description: HTL0014242 is a selective negative allosteric modulator (NAM) for the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor 5 subtype (mGlu5)

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: HTL0014242
Description: HTL0014242 is a selective negative allosteric modulator (NAM) for the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor 5 subtype (mGlu5)

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: HTL0014242
Description: HTL0014242 is a selective negative allosteric modulator (NAM) for the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor 5 subtype (mGlu5)

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: HTL0014242
Description: HTL0014242 is a selective negative allosteric modulator (NAM) for the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor 5 subtype (mGlu5)

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: HTL0014242
Description: HTL0014242 is a selective negative allosteric modulator (NAM) for the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor 5 subtype (mGlu5)

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: HTL0014242
Description: HTL0014242 is a selective negative allosteric modulator (NAM) for the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor 5 subtype (mGlu5)

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: HTL0014242
Description: HTL0014242 is a selective negative allosteric modulator (NAM) for the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor 5 subtype (mGlu5)

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo oral capsule
Description: Placebo treatment

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo oral capsule
Description: Placebo treatment

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo oral capsule
Description: Placebo treatment

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo oral capsule
Description: Placebo treatment

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo oral capsule
Description: Placebo treatment

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo oral capsule
Description: Placebo treatment

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo oral capsule
Description: Placebo treatment
Study: NCT02703948

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Restylane Silk with Lidocaine
Study: NCT03123237

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: DMSA scan
Description: We explore the possible role of DMSA to detect renal affection in diabetic \&/or hypertensive patients by detecting difference in counts using Tc 99m DMSA in control \& diabetic \&/or hypertensive patients.

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: DMSA scan
Description: We explore the possible role of DMSA to detect renal affection in diabetic \&/or hypertensive patients by detecting difference in counts using Tc 99m DMSA in control \& diabetic \&/or hypertensive patients.

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: DMSA scan
Description: We explore the possible role of DMSA to detect renal affection in diabetic \&/or hypertensive patients by detecting difference in counts using Tc 99m DMSA in control \& diabetic \&/or hypertensive patients.

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: DMSA scan
Description: We explore the possible role of DMSA to detect renal affection in diabetic \&/or hypertensive patients by detecting difference in counts using Tc 99m DMSA in control \& diabetic \&/or hypertensive patients.
Study: NCT00720330

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: ropivacaine
Description: 10 ml 0.5% ropivacaine plus epinephrine will be injected at T11 and L1 as described above (20 ml total) using intravenous midazolam (1-2 mg) and fentanyl (0.5-1 mcg/kg) for sedation

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Lidocaine/Ketamine
Description: Patients will receive a general anesthetic consisting of intravenous induction with lidocaine (1.5 mg/kg), propofol (1.5-2.5 mg/kg), ketamine (0.25 mg/kg), fentanyl (1 mcg/kg), and midazolam (1-2 mg).

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: placebo
Description: placebo
Study: NCT02721264

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Fecal Microbiota Transplant

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Standard Medical Treatment
Study: NCT02192047

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Palm Olein
Description: 8 weeks

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: IE Palm olein
Description: 8 weeks

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: IE soybean oil-based
Description: 8 weeks
Study: NCT03966560

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Brimonidine Tartrate
Description: Brimonidine tartrate 0.15% 1 eye drop, every day for 6-months

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Dorzolamide (as Dorzolamide Hydrochloride) 20 Mg/mL and Timolol (as Timolol Maleate) 5 Mg/mL Eye Drops
Description: Dorzolamide and timolol fixed combination 2 eye drops, every day for 6 months

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Brinzolamide/Timolol 10 MG/1 ML-5 MG/1 ML Ophthalmic Suspension
Description: Brinzolamide and timolol fixed combination 2 eye drops, every day for 6 months

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Travoprost and Timolol
Description: Travoprost and Timolol fixed combination 1 eye drop, every day for 6 months

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Bimatoprost and Timolol
Description: Bimatoprost and Timolol fixed combination 1 eye drop, every day for 6 months

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Latanoprost
Description: Latanoprost 0.005% 1 eye drop, every day for 6 months
Study: NCT04196322

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: observational study
Description: observational study

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: observational study
Description: observational study
Study: NCT02874300

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: High intensity supervision arm
Description: The higher-intensity supervision arm will comprise 6 occupational therapist (OT) home visits and 5 physiotherapist visits (1,1,2,2,6,12,18,24,30,36 and 52) plus supervised support from a rehabilitation support worker (RSW) twice a week for 3 months, once a week for 3 months, once a fortnight for 3 months and once a month for 3 months. Initially, and at review and progression points, the RSW will visit jointly with the therapists.
Study: NCT00311584

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: irinotecan hydrochloride
Description: Given IV

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: irinotecan hydrochloride
Description: Given IV
Study: NCT02874300

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Moderate intensity supervision arm
Description: The moderate-intensity supervision arm will be based on an ongoing Australian trial (83, 112). There will be 6 OT home visits and 5 physiotherapist visits (weeks 1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,12) and three OT telephone calls (weeks 9,10,11). Participants will be expected to exercise independently in-between supervised sessions.
Study: NCT00311584

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: temozolomide
Description: Given IV

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: temozolomide
Description: Given IV
Study: NCT04233320

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: silicone cream containing Allium Cepa extract
Description: silicone cream containing Allium Cepa extract contains 10% of Allium cepa bulb extract.

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Commercial scar gel
Description: Commercial scar gel is a topical silicone gel. It contains cyclic and polymeric siloxanes and Vitamin C ester.
Study: NCT04449666

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: Neuropsychological assessment and structural MRI
Description: Complex neuropsychological assessment testing attentional and memory functions. Additionally, a structural MRI is measured.

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: Neuropsychological assessment and structural MRI
Description: Complex neuropsychological assessment testing attentional and memory functions. Additionally, a structural MRI is measured.
Study: NCT02967159

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Abediterol
Description: Treatment A: Abediterol 2.5 μg via DPI

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: AZD7594
Description: Treatment B: AZD7594 440 μg via DPI

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: AZD7594/abediterol
Description: Treatment C: AZD7594/abediterol 440 μg/2.5 μg FDC via DPI

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: AZD7594 and abediterol
Description: Treatment D: AZD7594 440 μg and abediterol 2.5 μg free combination administered via 2 separate DPIs
Study: NCT02177981

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Remote ischemic preconditioning
Description: A blood pressure cuff will be placed on the left arm and three cycles of 5 min ischemia followed by 5 min reperfusion will be applied.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: SHAM_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Control
Description: The cuff will be placed around the arm but not inflated.
Study: NCT03379103

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Sevoflurane
Description: Patients will receive 1 MAC sevoflurane for 15 minutes before the installation of member ischemia by tourniquete

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Propofol
Description: Patients will receive propofol for 15 minutes before the installation of member ischemia by tourniquete
Study: NCT02560194

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Flexible Sigmoidoscopy
Description: Examination of the rectal and distal colon by means of a flexible endoscope

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Fecal occult blood test
Description: Test for hemoglobin in faeces
Study: NCT00090103

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: dutasteride 0.5mg once daily for 4 years
Description: combination or single agent

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: tamsulosin 0.4mg once daily for 4 years
Description: combination agent or single agent

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: tamsulosin 0.4mg once daily for 4 years
Description: combination agent or single agent
Study: NCT04521296

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Part 1
Description: - DWJ1248 600mg PO (100mg 2 tab, TID)

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Part 1
Description: - DWJ1248 600mg PO (100mg 2 tab, TID)

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Part 2
Description: - DWJ1248 600mg PO (200mg 1 tab, TID)

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Part 2
Description: - DWJ1248 600mg PO (200mg 1 tab, TID)
Study: NCT03295474

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Rehabilitation using telehealth technology
Description: Consecutive patients with chronic respiratory disease referred for pulmonary rehabilitation are offered to participate in the protocol.~Patients are taught to use the system during the first session of aerobic training.~During 2 to 5 sessions of aerobic training (depending on the number of sessions needed to be autonomous), they are monitored in the pulmonary rehabilitation center with an oximeter device (Nonin 3150).~At the end of every session, patients are asked to answer to 3 questions on a Likert scale (see outcome session).~The therapist also ascertains wether the telemonitoring gateway successfully provided informations regarding the session.~The study takes off on the session during which the patients are autonomous in using the telehealthcare system.~If patients are not autonomous on the fifth session, the study also takes off.
Study: NCT03943433

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: FiO2_1.0
Description: Alveolar recruitment is performed with 100% oxygen concentration after general anesthesia induction, after position change to Trendelenburg, after position change to supine, and at the end of operation.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: FiO2_0.4
Description: Alveolar recruitment is performed with 40% oxygen concentration after general anesthesia induction, after position change to Trendelenburg, after position change to supine, and at the end of operation.
Study: NCT03335761

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: InterStim Therapy
Description: Device Programming

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: InterStim Therapy
Description: Device Programming

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: InterStim Therapy
Description: Device Programming
Study: NCT03546842

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: 9vHPV vaccine
Description: 9-valent HPV \[Types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58\] L1 virus-like particle vaccine in a 0.5-mL intramuscular injection
Study: NCT00468286

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Degarelix
Description: Experimental~Initial dose of 240 mg SC (by injection under the skin) on day 0. Maintenance dose of 360 mg SC (by injection under the skin) given after 1, 4, 7, \& 10 months.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Degarelix
Description: Experimental~Initial dose of 240 mg SC (by injection under the skin) on day 0. Maintenance dose of 480 mg SC (by injection under the skin) given after 1, 4, 7, \& 10 months.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Degarelix
Description: Experimental~Initial dose of 240 mg SC (by injection under the skin) on day 0. Maintenance dose of 480 mg SC (by injection under the skin) given after 1, 4, 7, \& 10 months.
Study: NCT04355468

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Opioid Anesthesia
Description: Intraoperatively, fentanyl in fractional doses of 1-3 µg∙kg-1 were applied if the heart rate (HR; Heart Rate) or mean blood pressure (MBP; Mean Blood Pressure) increased by more than 20% above the baseline value obtained just before surgery commencement.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Opioid Free Anaesthesia
Description: Before the induction of general anesthesia, a single-shot thoracic paravertebral block (ThPVB) was performed at the Th3-Th4 level. An insulated needle was used, connected to a peripheral nerve stimulator. 0.5% bupivacaine (0.3 ml∙kg-1) was then injected after a negative aspiration test. The efficacy of the blockade was checked after 20 min on both sides of the thorax with a plastic ampoule of saline. A difference in the sensation of cold between the sides of the thorax was assumed to indicate an effective block. Afterwards a continuous intravenous infusion of lidocaine and ketamine was started:~1. immediately after anesthesia induction, lidocaine was administered as an i.v. bolus at a dose of 1.5 mg∙kg-1 and ketamine in an i.v. bolus of 0.35 mg∙kg-1;~2. followed by an infusion of lidocaine 2.0 mg∙kg-1∙h-1 for 2 hours, continued at a dose of 1.2 mg∙kg-1∙h-1, and ketamine infusion 0.2 mg∙kg-1∙h-1 for 2 hours, continued at a dose of 0.12 mg∙kg-1∙h-1.