TrialPanorama/TrialPanorama-database huggingface dataset:
Study: NCT03943771

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: SHAM_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Anxiety, renal anatomy and surgery questionnaires
Description: The day before surgery, all the patients will be visited by a member of the investigator team for preoperative consultation and will be given a questionnaire evaluating their anxiety based on STAI and VAS scores. The two experimental groups will be offered their renal modelization to be manipulated (virtually or physically) before the questionnaire.~A second survey assessing basic renal anatomy and surgery understanding will also be completed by the patients.~Anxiolytics prescription prior to surgery will be collected inside the medical file.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Anxiety, renal anatomy and surgery questionnaires
Description: The day before surgery, all the patients will be visited by a member of the investigator team for preoperative consultation and will be given a questionnaire evaluating their anxiety based on STAI and VAS scores. The two experimental groups will be offered their renal modelization to be manipulated (virtually or physically) before the questionnaire.~A second survey assessing basic renal anatomy and surgery understanding will also be completed by the patients.~Anxiolytics prescription prior to surgery will be collected inside the medical file.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Anxiety, renal anatomy and surgery questionnaires
Description: The day before surgery, all the patients will be visited by a member of the investigator team for preoperative consultation and will be given a questionnaire evaluating their anxiety based on STAI and VAS scores. The two experimental groups will be offered their renal modelization to be manipulated (virtually or physically) before the questionnaire.~A second survey assessing basic renal anatomy and surgery understanding will also be completed by the patients.~Anxiolytics prescription prior to surgery will be collected inside the medical file.
Study: NCT01472796

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Vitamin D (cholecalciferol)
Description: Tekturna (Aliskirin) 300 mg per day supplemented with 50,000 IU Vitamin D every other week x 8 weeks

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Tekturna(Aliskiren) plus placebo
Description: Aliskiren 300 mg per day supplemented with placebo
Study: NCT01584999

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Blood transfusion
Description: RBCs have been transfused in septic patient admitted in ICU

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Blood transfusion
Description: RBCs have been transfused in septic patient admitted in ICU

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Blood transfusion
Description: RBCs have been transfused in septic patient admitted in ICU
Study: NCT00806728

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: MEDI-507
Description: 0.12 mg/kg of MEDI-507 given every third day for 4 doses followed by doses of MEDI-507 on Days 16, 23, 30, and 37.
Study: NCT02357121

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Focal Laser Ablation
Description: Focal laser ablation of prostate tissue using laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) under MR/ultrasound fusion guidance
Study: NCT03781505

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Paracetamol +caudal ropivacaine
Description: Paracetamol + Ropivacaine

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Caudal ropivacaine
Study: NCT02140749

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: sc-FOS 2g/day
Description: Chewing tablets containing Short-chain fructooligosaccharides 2g/day

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: sc-FOS 4g/day
Description: Chewing tablets containing short-chain Fructooligosaccharides 4g/day

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: sc-FOS 8g/day
Description: Chewing tablets containing short-chain Fructooligosaccharides 8g/day

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Chewing tablets without short-chain Fructooligosaccharides

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Chewing tablets without short-chain Fructooligosaccharides

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Chewing tablets without short-chain Fructooligosaccharides
Study: NCT02338050

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Moxetumomab Pasudotox
Study: NCT00632619

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Group-based behavior therapy
Description: Group-based behavior therapy with a parenting class will include 12 weeks of sessions that focus on reducing oppositional and aggressive behaviors. Children will participate in 12 weeks of social skills training integrated with a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) component to target mood symptoms. Parents will learn ways to identify and address their child's mood problems, communicate better with their child, and work with school staff to address academic and behavioral problems.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Stimulant medication therapy
Description: All participants will be stabilized on an FDA-approved stimulant medication for 2 to 6 weeks prior to therapy assignment.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Stimulant medication therapy
Description: All participants will be stabilized on an FDA-approved stimulant medication for 2 to 6 weeks prior to therapy assignment.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Community-based psychosocial treatment
Description: Participants will receive referrals to community-based psychosocial treatments that will focus on ADHD symptoms and management of aggression.
Study: NCT04543695

Intervention type: COMBINATION_PRODUCT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
Description: Radiotherapy:~50Gy in 25 fractions to the primary tumor and to mesorectal, presacral,and internal iliac lymph nodes.~Concurrent chemotherapy:~Capecitabine 1650 mg/m2/d

Intervention type: COMBINATION_PRODUCT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
Description: Radiotherapy:~50Gy in 25 fractions to the primary tumor and to mesorectal, presacral,and internal iliac lymph nodes.~Concurrent chemotherapy:~Capecitabine 1650 mg/m2/d

Intervention type: COMBINATION_PRODUCT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
Description: Radiotherapy:~50Gy in 25 fractions to the primary tumor and to mesorectal, presacral,and internal iliac lymph nodes.~Concurrent chemotherapy:~Capecitabine 1650 mg/m2/d
Study: NCT03640494

Intervention type: DEVICE
Intervention: Optical Coherence Tomography
Description: This is an observational study in which subjects will be imaged with optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCT systems are optical imaging technology that allow non-contact imaging of the microanatomy of the retina, optic nerve head and retinal blood vessels. The OCT devices are held above (and do not touch) the eye. Unlike visible light from many examination devices, the infrared OCT beam is barely visible to the human eye as it sweeps across the retina. Thus the infant is not disturbed by the light.
Study: NCT00599248

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: TissueGene-C
Description: TissueGene-C at 3x10e6, 1x10e7 or 3x10e7 cells/joint to be administered by intra-articular injection

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: TissueGene-C
Description: TissueGene-C at 3x10e6, 1x10e7 or 3x10e7 cells/joint to be administered by intra-articular injection

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: TissueGene-C
Description: TissueGene-C at 3x10e6, 1x10e7 or 3x10e7 cells/joint to be administered by intra-articular injection

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo control (DMEM)
Study: NCT04179318

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: Geneswell BCT
Description: Geneswell BCT is a precise and qualitative in vitro diagnostic test. The expression of 9 genes was obtained from the formalin fixed paraffin embedded block (FFPE) of breast cancer tissue samples by RT-qPCR, and the patients were divided into high-risk group and low-risk group.

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: Geneswell BCT
Description: Geneswell BCT is a precise and qualitative in vitro diagnostic test. The expression of 9 genes was obtained from the formalin fixed paraffin embedded block (FFPE) of breast cancer tissue samples by RT-qPCR, and the patients were divided into high-risk group and low-risk group.
Study: NCT01051362

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: NO_INTERVENTION
Intervention: PLD and Carboplatin
Description: Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) 30 mg/m2, followed by Carboplatin AUC (area under the curve) 5, every 21 days for 4 cycles or until progression.
Study: NCT01648530

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: No Treatment
Description: No Treatment
Study: NCT05866965

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PRF
Description: centrifuge patient's blood to collect 1 block of yellowish condensed fibrin, which is platelet-rich fibrin

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: standard third molar surgical removal
Description: standard third molar surgery following surgical protocol of Department of Oral Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Study: NCT04563936

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: LY01005 3.6 mg
Description: LY01005 was administered as 3 intramuscular (IM) injections, 28 days apart. As concomitant medications, Casodex® (50 mg/day) was orally administered during the whole study period.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: ZOLADEX® 3.6 mg
Description: ZOLADEX® was administered as 3 Subcutaneous (SC) injections, 28 days apart. As concomitant medications, Casodex® (50 mg/day) was orally administered during the whole study period.
Study: NCT04206917

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Multi Pulse Therapy
Description: The Cardialen External Stimulation System (CESS) is the research delivery system for the proprietary Cardialen MultiPulse Therapy (MPT). The CESS is a custom designed and built research device. It is comprised of off-the-shelf commercial components (power supplies, waveform generators, laptop computer, monitor, rack, ECG system, leads, etc.) combined with a custom electrical circuit board and custom software.
Study: NCT02262455

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: STM 434
Description: STM 434 will be administered by IV injection. There are five planned dose levels, from 0.25mg/kg to 4mg/kg, which is dependent on the cohort (group) a participant is assigned to.
Study: NCT00873626

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin (fluoroquinolones)
Description: Levofloxacin 500mg : 1/j Ofloxacin : 200mgX2/j Ciprofloxacin 500mg X2/j

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin (fluoroquinolones)
Description: Levofloxacin 500mg : 1/j Ofloxacin : 200mgX2/j Ciprofloxacin 500mg X2/j
Study: NCT02262455

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: STM 434
Description: STM 434 will be administered by IV injection. There are five planned dose levels, from 0.25mg/kg to 4mg/kg, which is dependent on the cohort (group) a participant is assigned to.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Liposomal doxorubicin
Description: Liposomal doxorubicin (40 mg/m2) will be administered once every 28 days by IV infusion prior to STM 434 for those participants enrolled in Part 3 of the trial. Liposomal doxorubicin will be administered for a maximum of 6 cycles (each cycle being 28 days).
Study: NCT03523936

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Prebiotic product
Description: Prebiotic product used during the course of antibiotic treatment

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo
Study: NCT03243812

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) test force
Description: Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) test force will be performed before and after a localized muscle endurance test

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) test force
Description: Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) test force will be performed before and after a localized muscle endurance test

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) test force
Description: Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) test force will be performed before and after a localized muscle endurance test

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Localized muscle endurance test
Description: Subject will perform 4 series of 20 submaximal dynamic contractions at 50% of the MVC interspaced with 1 min recovery.
Study: NCT03845192

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: ORI measurement by Radical 97
Description: ORI measurement is done from the beginning of the induction of anaesthesia until the end of the induction of anaesthesia or until the end of the stay in the operating theatre. The measurement to ORI is done by the Radical-97 device by Masimo®.
Study: NCT04257539

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Intervention to Reduce Sedentary Time
Description: Chronic low back pain participants in the intervention group will be provided with a wrist-worn activity device that vibrates after prolonged sedentariness and meet with a health coach trained in motivational interviewing to discuss individual sedentary levels and provide education surrounding sitting habits and strategies for new habit development. Participants will meet with the health coach initially and at 4 weeks during the 8 week intervention period.
Study: NCT02223988

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: subglottic secretion removal
Study: NCT04627792

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: IUSECAMH Parent Intervention (Waitlist)
Description: We will use a switching replication design in which fifty guardians will be randomly assigned using a lottery to receive the intervention and fifty will be assigned to a group who will receive the intervention at a later time point
Study: NCT01092858

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Testosterone Undeconate (Nebido, BAY86-5037)
Description: Testosterone undecanoate 1000 mg (4 ml) i.m. injection at baseline, at week 6, at week 18, at week 30 and at week 42, respectively

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Matching placebo i.m. injections at baseline, at week 6, at week 18 at week 30 and at week 42, respectively
Study: NCT02737774

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Icotinib
Description: All cases that meet the criteria take Icotinib for 18 weeks, If there is no disease progression, then after 14 days of washout period, received 4 cycles of pemetrexed / carboplatin. After the chemotherapy, continue with Icotinib, 125mg Tid，PO. until disease progression.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pemetrexed/Carboplatin
Description: All cases that meet the criteria take Icotinib for 18 weeks, If there is no disease progression, then after 14 days of washout period, received 4 cycles of pemetrexed / carboplatin (standard solution, 3 weeks for a cycle of chemotherapy : pemetrexed 500mg/m2 iv , 4 cycles. carboplatin AUC=5 iv ,4 cycles.). After the chemotherapy, continue with Icotinib, 125mg Tid，PO. until disease progression.
Study: NCT02257281

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Active Therapeutic Ultrasound
Description: For Experimental Arm: The pulsed therapeutic ultrasound was applied each spot for several days.

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Non-active Therapeutic Ultrasound
Description: For Placebo group: The non-active therapeutic ultrasound was applied each spot for several days.
Study: NCT01223378

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: BOL-303259-X
Description: ophthalmic solution, various concentrations, once daily (QD) 28 days

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Latanoprost
Description: 0.005% ophthalmic solution, QD 28 days
Study: NCT04837144

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Physical Rehabilitation with MAK exoskeleton
Description: The participants will assist to 9 physical rehabilitation sessions with the MAK exoskeleton. During these sessions, different movements and therapies will be conducted using the studied device.
Study: NCT03208686

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Intervention Group
Description: A single-arm intervention comprised of (a) 10 weekly discussion groups; (b) motivational text messages; (c) a remote sensing persuasive health technology - a cloud-based cellular glucometer connected to a dedicated web site to reduce A1c by 0.5% by improving diabetes self-management behaviors.
Study: NCT01325402

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: [18Fluor]AZD4694
Description: Low mass dose below 5ug. High mass dose around 40 and 50 ug.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: [18Fluor]AZD4694
Description: Low mass dose below 5ug. High mass dose around 20 ug.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: [18Fluor]AZD4694
Description: Low mass dose below 5ug. High mass dose will be the Maximum Detective Mass established in the previous panels.
Study: NCT02492867

Intervention type: RADIATION
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Response-driven Adaptive Radiation Therapy

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Carboplatin
Description: AUC 2 concurrent with RT; AUC 6 during consolidation. Given IV

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Paclitaxel
Description: 40 mg/m\^2 IV concurrent with RT; 200 mg/m\^2 during consolidation. Given IV

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: FDG-PET

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: V/Q SPECT

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Durvalumab
Description: 10 mg/kg during consolidation. Given IV
Study: NCT03757312

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Ultrasound
Description: Ocular ultrasound to measure optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD).
Study: NCT03243812

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Localized muscle endurance test
Description: Subject will perform 4 series of 20 submaximal dynamic contractions at 50% of the MVC interspaced with 1 min recovery.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Localized muscle endurance test
Description: Subject will perform 4 series of 20 submaximal dynamic contractions at 50% of the MVC interspaced with 1 min recovery.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Self-paced six-minute walk test
Description: Self-paced six-minute walk test will be conducted according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Self-paced six-minute walk test
Description: Self-paced six-minute walk test will be conducted according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Self-paced six-minute walk test
Description: Self-paced six-minute walk test will be conducted according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society
Study: NCT03583996

Intervention type: COMBINATION_PRODUCT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: HepQuant SHUNT Liver Diagnostic Test
Description: One time testing using the HepQuant SHUNT Liver Diagnostic Test kit (the combination product) in subjects with CLD and undergoing a standard of care EGD. The SHUNT test will be completed prior to the EGD. Each subject will receive an IV push dose of 13C Cholate mixed with Albumin simultaneously with an oral dose of d4 Cholate
Study: NCT03031171

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Screening patient navigation
Description: The program offered assistance with scheduling, paperwork, arranging transportation, answering questions and providing education about screening and colorectal cancer.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Non-Navigated
Description: Randomly matched sample of non-navigated clinic patients
Study: NCT04087122

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Esophageal warming device (Attune Medical, Chicago, IL
Description: Prospective, single center pilot stud
Study: NCT00838448

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Exercise
Description: Exercise performed on a treadmill for 20-30 minutes
Study: NCT02127632

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Endotracheal Tube
Description: ETT:Ruschelit, Teleflex Medical Snd. Bhd. Malaysia. Ref:112482

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Laryngeal Mask Airway-Supreme
Description: Before LM-S was inserted, to lubricate the surface in contact with the palate a water-based K-YTM gel (Johnson \& Johnson Ltd. Maidenhead, UK) without local anesthetic was applied to completely cover the LM-S cuff. Depending on the patient's body weight For \<50 kg, no. 3 Between 50-70 kg, no. 4 Between 70-100 kg, no. 5 LM-S (The Laryngeal Mask Company Limited, Singapore) was inserted.~Other Names:~LM-S (The Laryngeal Mask Company Limited, Singapore) serial number: 175030 lot: hmabw7
Study: NCT02000375

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: DHEA
Description: DHEA: Daily oral administration of DHEA(Dehydroepiandrosterone) at the dosage of 100 mg/die in combination with a daily oral administration of anastrozole at dosage of 1 mg/die or letrozole at the dosage of 2.5 mg/die or exemestane at the dosage of 25 mg/die without interruption.
Study: NCT00793338

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Sildenafil
Description: Sildenafil 20mg three times a day for 3 months.
Study: NCT00006012

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: filgrastim

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: amifostine trihydrate

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: cisplatin

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: etoposide

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: paclitaxel

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: topotecan hydrochloride

Intervention type: RADIATION
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: radiation therapy
Study: NCT00594061

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Iowa/Nucleus 10/10 mm and Freedom Cochlear Implantation
Description: Participants will receive one standard Nucleus Freedom electrode array and an Iowa/Nucleus 10/10 mm electrode array on the contralateral side.
Study: NCT00886431

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: embryo vitrification
Description: Ultra rapid cooling of embryos by immersion in liquid nitrogen. The formation of potentially damaging ice crystals is prevented by briefly incubating the embryos in high concentrations of a mix of cryoprotectants.