TrialPanorama/TrialPanorama-database huggingface dataset:
Study: NCT02567448

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Sleep and pulmonary physiologic measurements
Description: Two overnight sleep studies, CT scan of upper airway and chest, pulmonary function test and pharyngeal lavage

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Sleep and pulmonary physiologic measurements
Description: Two overnight sleep studies, CT scan of upper airway and chest, pulmonary function test and pharyngeal lavage
Study: NCT00005724

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Computer Program Intervention Group
Description: A user-friendly, interactive computer program providing dietary counseling tailored to the needs of the participant.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Minimal Intervention Group
Description: Dietary Information pamphlets.
Study: NCT01659879

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: verbal information
Study: NCT02667353

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: ECT
Description: ECT was administered twice a week with a constant-current brief-pulse device (Thymatron, System IV). Motor and electroencephalographic seizures were monitored to ensure adequate duration and quality. Subjects were all treated with right unilateral (RUL) ECT with stimulus intensity 6 times the initial seizure threshold (ST), as determined by empirical dose titration at the first treatment, until remission (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) (27) \< 10 in two consecutive ratings with a week interval). Subjects who failed to respond right unilateral ECT after the sixth treatment were switched to bitemporal ECT (1.5x seizure threshold).

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Etomidate
Description: Anesthesia was achieved with intravenous administration of etomidate (0.2mg/kg).

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Succinylcholine
Description: Anesthesia was achieved with intravenous administration of succinylcholine (1mg/kg).
Study: NCT00649597

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Benazepril HCl and Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets 20 mg/25 mg
Description: 20/25mg, single dose fasting
Study: NCT00005724

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Health Counselor Intervention Group
Description: Food for Heart Program - a structured diet treatment program for low income patients with high cholesterol, given by a health counselor at 4 treatment visits.
Study: NCT04324645

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Noona Software
Description: Enrolled patients will be provided with login information for their Noona account. Patients will log in to the Noona symptom monitoring system using their own computer hardware. Any type of personal computer or compatible mobile device will be allowed (i.e. iPhone, Android phone). Patients will be able to access the Noona system from any internet access point and will be provided with the hospital/clinic public WiFi information.
Study: NCT03844867

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Filippo Cea and Carmel
Description: Subjects will be given a subjective organoleptic assessment of both the almonds (Filippo Cea and Carmel) administered blindly and randomly.~Motility test: Each subject will be subjected to gastrointestinal motility study according to international guidelines, i.e. he will be evaluated in 3 different days. The test will be made in response to test-meal ('NutriDrink') or Filippo Cea almonds (12 gr. fat=24 gr. almonds) or Carmel almonds (12 gr. fat = 24 gr. almonds).
Study: NCT00961961

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Lithium / Fluoxetine
Description: Individualized Daily Dosage

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Lithium / Fluoxetine
Description: Individualized Daily Dosage

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Lithium / Placebo
Description: Individualized Daily Dosage

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Lithium / Placebo
Description: Individualized Daily Dosage
Study: NCT03666351

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Amlodipine 5mg
Description: Amlodipine 5 mg

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Amlodipine 5mg
Description: Amlodipine 5 mg

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Losartan
Description: Losartan Potassium 50 mg

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Losartan
Description: Losartan Potassium 50 mg
Study: NCT03680222

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Reversed Tracking Method
Description: Reversed Tracking Method
Study: NCT03002077

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Rapastinel
Description: Rapastinel pre-filled syringes for IV injections.
Study: NCT03086473

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Caffeine Citrate
Description: The intervention in this study is timing of the initial caffeine dose. In the Caffeine arm, participants will receive Caffeine Citrate 20mg/kg IV (volume dose 1ml/kg) within 2 hours of life, and Normal Saline (0.9% NaCl) 1ml/kg IV at 12 hours of life.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Placebo (Normal Saline)
Description: The intervention in this study is timing of the initial caffeine dose. In the Placebo arm, participants will receive Normal Saline (0.9%NaCl) 1ml/kg IV within 2 hours of life, and Caffeine Citrate 20mg/kg IV (volume dose 1ml/kg) at 12 hours of life.
Study: NCT03122457

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: lidamycin phosphate and benzoyl peroxide 1.2%/3.75% combination
Description: At Day 15, patients will be re-assessed and dispensed the investigational product and instructed on its daily use. Patients will continue to return every 14 days to have their skin assessed until their final visit on day 99, one week after their 3rd menses on treatment (4th menses on study).
Study: NCT01273805

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Hydroxychloroquine

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Hydroxychloroquine
Study: NCT02480322

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: bariatric surgery (sleeve resection, proximal RYGB, distal RYGB)

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: bariatric surgery (sleeve resection, proximal RYGB, distal RYGB)

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: bariatric surgery (sleeve resection, proximal RYGB, distal RYGB)
Study: NCT03115242

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Contrast injection Sonovue®
Description: In addition to standardized assessment routine care, a contrast injection will be performed during the neck vessels doppler ultrasound.
Study: NCT02465697

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Reappraisal Training

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Reappraisal Training

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Reappraisal Training
Study: NCT03666351

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Losartan and Amlodipine
Description: Amlodipine 5 mg/Losartan Potassium 50 mg, Amlodipine 5 mg/Losartan Potassium 100 mg

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Losartan and Amlodipine
Description: Amlodipine 5 mg/Losartan Potassium 50 mg, Amlodipine 5 mg/Losartan Potassium 100 mg

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Amlodipine/Losartan/Chlorthalidone
Description: Amlodipine 5 mg/Losartan Potassium 100 mg/Chlorthalidone 12.5 mg

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Amlodipine/Losartan/Chlorthalidone
Description: Amlodipine 5 mg/Losartan Potassium 100 mg/Chlorthalidone 12.5 mg

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: current treatment
Description: treatment is done by maintaining the current treatment
Study: NCT03303989

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pegloticase 8 MG/ML [Krystexxa]
Description: Participants randomized to the pegloticase + MMF arm will start two week run-in on 1) mycophenolate mofetil at 500 mg/BID or the first week, titrating dose up to 1000mg/BID for the second week of run-in prior to the first infusion; and 2) Pegloticase 8 mg IV every two weeks following 2 week run-in period, Mycophenolate mofetil therapy will continue for 12 weeks at the highest tolerated dose. After the 12-week combination mycophenolate mofetil and pegloticase study period, participants will continue open label pegloticase therapy for an additional three months.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: MMF
Description: Participants randomized to the pegloticase + MMF arm will start two week run-in on 1) mycophenolate mofetil at 500 mg/BID or the first week, titrating dose up to 1000mg/BID for the second week of run-in prior to the first infusion; and 2) Pegloticase 8 mg IV every two weeks following 2 week run-in period, Mycophenolate mofetil therapy will continue for 12 weeks at the highest tolerated dose. After the 12-week combination mycophenolate mofetil and pegloticase study period, participants will continue open label pegloticase therapy for an additional three months.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Participants randomized to the pegloticase + placebo arm will start two week run-in on 1) placebo at 500 mg/BID or the first week, titrating dose up to 1000mg/BID for the second week of run-in prior to the first infusion; and 2) Pegloticase 8 mg IV every two weeks following 2 week run-in period. After the 12-week combination placebo and pegloticase study period, participants will continue open label pegloticase therapy for an additional three months.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pegloticase 8 MG/ML [Krystexxa]
Description: Participants randomized to the pegloticase + placebo arm will start two week run-in on 1) placebo at 500 mg/BID or the first week, titrating dose up to 1000mg/BID for the second week of run-in prior to the first infusion; and 2) Pegloticase 8 mg IV every two weeks following 2 week run-in period. After the 12-week combination placebo and pegloticase study period, participants will continue open label pegloticase therapy for an additional three months.
Study: NCT04522869

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell (UC -MSC) Transplantation
Description: Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell (UC -MSC) Transplantation for Children Suffering From Liver Cirrhosis Due to Biliary Atresia
Study: NCT00142948

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Naltrexone
Description: naltrexone

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: placebo
Study: NCT02298114

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: NEUROMUSCULAR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION
Description: Neuromuscular electrical stimulation will be applied Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) machine.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: SHAM_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Conventional physiotherapy
Description: The control group will receive conventional physiotherapy associated the placebo electrical stimulation
Study: NCT01278290

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Triptorelin acetate and Gonadorelin acetate
Description: Triptorelin acetate test, using aqueous 0.1 mg/m2 subcutaneous. Gonadorelin test using 100 ug intravenous.

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Gonadorelin acetate and Triptorelin acetate
Description: Gonadorelin acetate intravenous 100 ug. Triptorelin acetate 100 ug/m2.
Study: NCT02406625

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Behavioral Therapy
Description: 16 therapeutic group sessions are delivered to both parents and adolescents; according to the assigned group for each family.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Behavioral Therapy
Description: 16 therapeutic group sessions are delivered to both parents and adolescents; according to the assigned group for each family.
Study: NCT02160925

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Preoperative 99mTc-Sestamibi SPECT/CT
Study: NCT02255097

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: pembrolizumab
Study: NCT03852147

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: : hemodynamic management
Description: Control group: hemodynamic management of patients is done according to usual practices by maintenance of blood pressure by norepinephrine as well as optimization of SV by vascular filling and use of dobutamine if necessary.~Experimental group: perioperative hemodynamic management is based on an algorithm that includes RQ measurement and includes volume expansion, norepinephrine, FiO2 enhancement, RBC transfusion and dobutamine.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: : hemodynamic management
Description: Control group: hemodynamic management of patients is done according to usual practices by maintenance of blood pressure by norepinephrine as well as optimization of SV by vascular filling and use of dobutamine if necessary.~Experimental group: perioperative hemodynamic management is based on an algorithm that includes RQ measurement and includes volume expansion, norepinephrine, FiO2 enhancement, RBC transfusion and dobutamine.
Study: NCT02511782

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: D-SQUAME Skin Sampling Discs
Description: A D-SQUAME Skin Sampling Disc is a noninvasive patch that collects skin cell samples when affixed to the superficial stratum corneum (top layer of skin). The patch is applied with gentle pressure to the desired quadrant of the forearm and removed 2 minutes after application.

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: D-SQUAME Skin Sampling Discs
Description: A D-SQUAME Skin Sampling Disc is a noninvasive patch that collects skin cell samples when affixed to the superficial stratum corneum (top layer of skin). The patch is applied with gentle pressure to the desired quadrant of the forearm and removed 2 minutes after application.

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: D-SQUAME Skin Sampling Discs
Description: A D-SQUAME Skin Sampling Disc is a noninvasive patch that collects skin cell samples when affixed to the superficial stratum corneum (top layer of skin). The patch is applied with gentle pressure to the desired quadrant of the forearm and removed 2 minutes after application.
Study: NCT01448902

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: OC000459
Description: OC000459 200mg bid for 8 days

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo bid for 8 days
Study: NCT01980693

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: SonicBone ultrasound
Description: The device measure BA using ultrasound technology by measurement of speed of sound in three different sites : wrist bones, Phalanx III, Metacarpal bones.The device sends a short US pulse and measures the distance between a transmitter probe and a receiver probe, located at the bone measured area.The US probe converts electrical pulse to US pulse and US wave via tested bone arrives from transmitter to Receiver. Simultaneously with US pulse, controller start timer to calculate time between US pulse and the moment that US wave arrives to receiver. The accepted US signal of selected probe via amplifiers arrives to comparators that read timer value. The microcontroller calculates SOS using distance between probes and US time of flight.
Study: NCT01033305

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: CyCol™
Description: Orally, once per day for 4 weeks

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Orally, once per day for 4 weeks
Study: NCT02006160

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: dalfampridine
Description: 10 mg bid

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: placebo
Description: 10 mg bid
Study: NCT02524197

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: CR845 0.25 mg
Description: Subjects will dose orally twice a day with CR845 0.25 mg tablets for two weeks. A diary will be kept for recording the individual's pain scores and dosing accountability.
Study: NCT00649597

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Lotensin HCT® Tablets 20 mg/25 mg
Description: 20/25mg, single dose fasting
Study: NCT00770380

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: behavioral relapse prevention counseling
Description: Behavioral relapse prevention counseling conducted in two one-hour sessions
Study: NCT02524197

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: CR845 0.50 mg
Description: Subjects will dose orally twice a day with CR845 0.50 mg tablets for two weeks. A diary will be kept for recording the individual's pain scores and dosing accountability.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: CR845 1 mg
Description: Subjects will dose orally twice a day with CR845 1 mg tablets for two weeks. A diary will be kept for recording the individual's pain scores and dosing accountability.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: CR845 5 mg
Description: Subjects will dose orally twice a day with CR845 5 mg tablets for two weeks. A diary will be kept for recording the individual's pain scores and dosing accountability.
Study: NCT05470972

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Ethanol Injection
Description: The AEST procedure was performed as follows: vaginal walls were cleansed using vaginal povidone-iodine, a 17 gauge, 30-cm length needle was inserted through the posterior vaginal fornix into the pouch of Douglas, and the cyst was aspirated till complete disappearance of the cyst on the ultrasound scanner. The collected cystic fluid was collected into a plastic tube without an anticoagulant. The needle was maintained in its place, the syringe was removed and the cyst was flushed with saline solution until obtaining a clear liquid. Then, 96% ethanol was injected as 60% of the volume of the aspirated fluid to guard against over distension or rupture of the cyst and/or ethanol diffusion into the pelvis. The collected fluid was divided into three sterile tubes for cytological and bacteriological examinations and the study investigations. Patients were allowed to be completely recovered and were discharged home.
Study: NCT02520986

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Carbon dioxide Laser ablation
Description: surgical Instrument to achieve excision of genital warts by a pulsed laser of 15 Watt voltage

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Electrocoagulation
Description: surgical Instrument to achieve excision of genital warts by a deep tissue electrocoagulation of 80 Watt voltage
Study: NCT00770380

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: hypnosis for relapse prevention
Description: Hypnosis for relapse prevention conducted in two one-hour sessions
Study: NCT03772327

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Adheretech smart bottle
Description: A smart pill bottle that measures the exact number of pills in the bottle in real-time, sends this HIPAA-compliant data to a central server, and based on the results, can remind participants to take their medication through a phone call or text message.
Study: NCT03179202

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: SPRINT Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS) System
Description: The SPRINT PNS System is a device which delivers mild electrical stimulation to the muscles in the low back. The System includes up to four small wires (called Leads) that are placed through the skin into the muscles in the low back. The wires attach to device(s) worn on the body that deliver stimulation (called Stimulators). The PNS System was approved by the FDA for up to 60 days of use for the management of acute and chronic pain, including back pain.
Study: NCT03772327

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Routine adherence counseling
Description: Participants will be provided with routine adherence counseling

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Routine adherence counseling
Description: Participants will be provided with routine adherence counseling
Study: NCT00130247

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Ethambutol
Description: Mycobacteriostatic agent given to prevent emergence of drug resistance to other 1st line drugs; dosages are 15-25 milligram (mg)/ kilogram (kg)/day (d).

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Ethambutol
Description: Mycobacteriostatic agent given to prevent emergence of drug resistance to other 1st line drugs; dosages are 15-25 milligram (mg)/ kilogram (kg)/day (d).

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Isoniazid
Description: Hydrazide of isonicotininc acid; antimicrobial activity is limited to mycobacteria where it inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acids.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Isoniazid
Description: Hydrazide of isonicotininc acid; antimicrobial activity is limited to mycobacteria where it inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acids.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pyrazinamide
Description: 1st line bactericidal agent; dosages are 15-30 mg/kg/d, up to 2 grams (gm)/d.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pyrazinamide
Description: 1st line bactericidal agent; dosages are 15-30 mg/kg/d, up to 2 grams (gm)/d.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Rifampin
Description: 1st line bactericidal agent which inhibits deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-dependent ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase; dosages are 10 mg/kg/d (up to 600 mg/d).

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Rifampin
Description: 1st line bactericidal agent which inhibits deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-dependent ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase; dosages are 10 mg/kg/d (up to 600 mg/d).
Study: NCT00525577

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo tablet, once daily

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: AGI-1067
Description: 75 mg AGI-1067 tablet, once daily

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: AGI-1067
Description: 150 mg AGI-1067 Tablet, once daily
Study: NCT02423096

Intervention type: DRUG
Intervention: Risperidone
Description: Patients with schizophrenia will be treated with antipsychotic drugs as routine care.
Study: NCT01016626

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: CKD-4101 tablet
Description: CKD-4101 tablet 1000 mg~* 500mg/tablet, PO, 2 tablet once daily for D1 and D8(crossover)

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Mycophenolate Mofetil capsule
Description: Mycophenolate Mofetil capsule 1000 mg~* 250mg/capsule, PO, 4 capsule once daily for D1 and D8(crossover)
Study: NCT01658514

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Met DR
Description: metformin delayed-release tablets

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Met XR
Description: metformin extended-release tablets

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Study: NCT03589001

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Activity modification
Description: Activity modification, exercises and gradual return to sport
Study: NCT02222402

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: INTRA-DIALYTIC EXERCISE TRAINING