TrialPanorama/TrialPanorama-database huggingface dataset:
Study: NCT03982251

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: High frequency whole body vibration
Description: 1 single session ( 8 minutes) of whole body vibration therapy at 30 Hz

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Low frequency whole body vibration
Description: 1 single session ( 12 minutes) of whole body vibration therapy at 20 Hz
Study: NCT03254043

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Take-home Dosing Procedures
Description: Within-subject evaluation across 2 phases with a final choice condition

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Take-home Dosing Procedures
Description: Within-subject evaluation across 2 phases with a final choice condition

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Take-home Dosing Procedures
Description: Within-subject evaluation across 2 phases with a final choice condition
Study: NCT01419470

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: dapoxetine
Description: 1. multiple dosing~2. 12 subjects will be administered YHD1044 (I, III, V) or active/placebo comparators;dapoxetine

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: dapoxetine
Description: 1. multiple dosing~2. 12 subjects will be administered YHD1044 (I, III, V) or active/placebo comparators;dapoxetine

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: dapoxetine
Description: 1. multiple dosing~2. 12 subjects will be administered YHD1044 (I, III, V) or active/placebo comparators;dapoxetine
Study: NCT02026492

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Exercise challenge in a cold chamber
Description: Exercise challenge is defined as running on a treadmill for 6-8 minutes on submaximal work load in a cold chamber.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Exercise challenge in a cold chamber
Description: Exercise challenge is defined as running on a treadmill for 6-8 minutes on submaximal work load in a cold chamber.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Methacholine challenge
Description: nebulized metacholine administered at following doses: 0,01mg, 0,1mg, 0,4mg, 0,8mg und 1,6mg

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Methacholine challenge
Description: nebulized metacholine administered at following doses: 0,01mg, 0,1mg, 0,4mg, 0,8mg und 1,6mg

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Exercise challenge in room temperature
Description: Exercise challenge is defined as running on a treadmill for 6-8 minutes on submaximal work load in room temperature.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Exercise challenge in room temperature
Description: Exercise challenge is defined as running on a treadmill for 6-8 minutes on submaximal work load in room temperature.
Study: NCT04659564

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: User of Dayspring device
Description: The Dayspring™ device is a novel FDA-cleared wearable solution that is portable and easy-to-use sequential compression system.
Study: NCT03811613

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Transcranial photobiomodulation
Description: Photobiomodulation was administered using red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a 670-nm wavelength (which has proven to penetrate the skull)

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: SHAM_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Transcranial photobiomodulation
Description: Photobiomodulation was administered using red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a 670-nm wavelength (which has proven to penetrate the skull)
Study: NCT03683836

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: No intervention
Description: No intervention
Study: NCT04153279

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: CMV-TCR-T cells
Description: Patients with CMV emias or CMV disease will be enrolled, and donor derived CMV-TCR-T(HLA-A\*1101\\0201\\2402) cells will be intravenously infused with a escalated dose of 0.1-1×106 CMV-TCR-T cells. The CMV DNA copies and CMV-TCR-T cell proliferation will be monitored in the scheduled time (day 0, day 4, day 7, day 10, day 14,day 28).
Study: NCT02262910

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: ES414
Description: ES414 is a novel humanized bispecific antibody which is designed to treat mCRPC by redirecting T-cell cytotoxicity against prostate cancer cells expressing prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA).
Study: NCT00535652

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Ertapenem
Description: powder for infusion, 1 gram I.V., single dose over 30 min.
Study: NCT02799017

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Intensive Phonology Treatment
Description: Phonology based reading, writing, and naming therapy.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Intensive SFA Treatment
Description: Semantic based reading, writing, and naming therapy.
Study: NCT04605640

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Weight Management Intervention
Description: Participants attend group and individual dietary education sessions. Participants create a diet plan that satisfies their needs. Participants aim to lose 1 pound weekly until a BMI of 25 is reached. Participants are evaluated through daily self-weighing, dietary records, and food frequency questionnaires.
Study: NCT01734239

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pneumovax™ 23
Description: Vaccine contains 25 µg of each of the 23 pneumococcal polysaccharides serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6B, 7F, 8, 9N, 9V, 10A, 11A, 12F, 14, 15B, 17F, 18C, 19F, 19A, 20, 22F, 23F, and 33F

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pneumovax™ 23
Description: Vaccine contains 25 µg of each of the 23 pneumococcal polysaccharides serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6B, 7F, 8, 9N, 9V, 10A, 11A, 12F, 14, 15B, 17F, 18C, 19F, 19A, 20, 22F, 23F, and 33F
Study: NCT03882177

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pravastatin
Description: Tablets, administered orally

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pravastatin
Description: Tablets, administered orally

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pravastatin
Description: Tablets, administered orally

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pravastatin
Description: Tablets, administered orally

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Rifafour
Description: Fixed-dose combination (isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol) tablets, administered orally

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Rifafour
Description: Fixed-dose combination (isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol) tablets, administered orally

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Rifafour
Description: Fixed-dose combination (isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol) tablets, administered orally

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Rifafour
Description: Fixed-dose combination (isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol) tablets, administered orally

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Vitamin B6
Description: Administered orally.

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Vitamin B6
Description: Administered orally.

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Vitamin B6
Description: Administered orally.

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Vitamin B6
Description: Administered orally.
Study: NCT02035618

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Exercises
Description: Strengthening and stretching

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Exercises
Description: Strengthening and stretching

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Exercises + Manual Therapy
Description: Mobilization; massage; post-isometric relaxation; strengthening; stretching
Study: NCT03586791

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pupillometry guided anesthesia
Description: At least 10 min after anesthesia induction by target-controlled infusion of propofol and remifentanil, baseline values for pupillary diameter is recorded before any surgical procedure.~During the operation, propofol effect-site target concentration (Ce) is adjusted to maintain the bispectral index (BIS) value between 40 and 60. Remifentanil Ce is adapted every 5 min based on the changes of pupillary diameter. If the pupillary diameter is increased by more than 30% compared to baseline value, remifentanil concentration is increased by 0.5 ng/ml. If the pupillary diameter is maintained between 5 and 30 % change compared with baseline, remifentanil is not modified. In a case of pupillary diameter is decreased less than 5 % change of baseline, remifentanil concentration is decreased by 0.5 ng/ml.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: SPI guided anesthesia
Description: During the operation, SPI value should be maintained between 20 and 50 by changing the infusion rate of remifentanil. Even if the SPI is maintained within the target range, the remifentanil infusion rate is increased by 0.5 ng/ml in a case of the SPI value suddenly arises by more than 10.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: SHAM_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Standard management
Description: During the operation, propofol effect-site target concentration (Ce) is adjusted to maintain the bispectral index (BIS) value between 40 and 60.~Remifentanil concentration is controlled by the discretion of the anesthesiologist in charge of the patients.
Study: NCT02777892

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Sapien S3
Description: Patients that have undergone percutaneous implantation of an Edwards SAPIEN S3 Transcatheter Heart Valve in the pulmonic position at the time of data collection
Study: NCT02228902

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Ferrous fumarate
Description: one group receives ferrous fumarate (12 patients) and one group (12 patients) receives ferrous gluconate

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Ferrous gluconate
Description: One group receives ferrous fumarate and one group receives ferrous fumarate.
Study: NCT03873753

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Cleaning
Description: Gauze and mineral water

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: No oral cleaning
Description: Absence of cleaning
Study: NCT03801642

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Dapagliflozin
Description: 10 mg oral tablets taken once daily for 12 weeks

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo tablet (matched in size and color to active tablet) taken once daily for 12 weeks
Study: NCT01789788

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Matching placebo, multiple doses

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: RO6811135
Description: multiple ascending doses
Study: NCT02017275

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: BuMA
Description: This group will contain 1175 subjects.

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: EXCEL
Description: This group will contain 1175 subjects.
Study: NCT01441128

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PF-02341066/PF-00299804
Description: Combined PF-02341066 and PF-00299804

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PF-02341066/PF-00299804
Description: Combined PF-02341066 and PF-00299804

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PF-02341066/PF-00299804
Description: Single Agent PF-00299804 followed by Combined PF-02341066 and PF-00299804

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PF-02341066/PF-00299804
Description: Single Agent PF-00299804 followed by Combined PF-02341066 and PF-00299804
Study: NCT02926105

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: T&E Home-based exercise programme
Description: T\&E exercises programme consists of home-based individually tailored balance and functional strength tests and exercises performed 3x a week over 12 months, accompanied by eight in-home visits of physiotherapists during the first six months.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Otago
Description: Otago exercises programme consists of home-based individually tailored balance, strength and walking exercises performed 3x a week over 12 months, accompanied by eight in-home visits of physiotherapists during the first six months.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Helsana booklet
Description: Helsana programme consists of a booklet with recommendations and 10 exercises performed 3x a week over 12 months.
Study: NCT03256019

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Endotracheal Intubation
Description: Insertion of endotracheal tube into the trachea and supply oxygen using the Ambu-bagging during cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Endotracheal Intubation
Description: Insertion of endotracheal tube into the trachea and supply oxygen using the Ambu-bagging during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Study: NCT03625596

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: L-Arginine
Description: Acute intervention (3 hours)

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: L-Arginine
Description: Acute intervention (3 hours)

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: L-Arginine
Description: Acute intervention (3 hours)

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Nitrate / Nitrite
Description: Acute intervention (3 hours)

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Nitrate / Nitrite
Description: Acute intervention (3 hours)

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Nitrate / Nitrite
Description: Acute intervention (3 hours)

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Acute intervention (3 hours)
Study: NCT02721615

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Insertion of intra spinal sub dural pressure monitor

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Insertion of intra spinal sub dural pressure monitor

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Insertion of intra spinal sub dural pressure monitor

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Insertion of sub dural microdialysis probe

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Insertion of sub dural microdialysis probe
Study: NCT03025633

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: PEARL
Description: PEARL, is a commercially available PC-based tool that provides a realistic and functional 3D model of a linac and, having uploaded example treatments it can demonstrate the treatment procedure and also relevant anatomical information.
Study: NCT02287038

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Atomoxetine 80 MG
Description: Subjects will be randomized and assigned by the study investigator into crossover group 1 (Atomoxetine 80mg at Phase I, then placebo at Phase II) or group 2 (placebo at Phase I, then Atomoxetine at Phase II) with both placebo and medication administered through pharmacy. There was a 1-week interval between the two phases.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Atomoxetine 80 MG
Description: Subjects will be randomized and assigned by the study investigator into crossover group 1 (Atomoxetine 80mg at Phase I, then placebo at Phase II) or group 2 (placebo at Phase I, then Atomoxetine at Phase II) with both placebo and medication administered through pharmacy. There was a 1-week interval between the two phases.
Study: NCT00689689

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Fully coated Prodigy stem
Description: Total hip arthroplasty with fully coated Prodigy stem

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Cemented Endurance Stem
Description: total hip arthroplasty with cemented endurance stem
Study: NCT03260608

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Telesupport
Description: In the intervention will be carried out eight weekly phone calls of psychoeducation and support on the disease of the relatives approaching different themes.
Study: NCT02848664

Intervention type: DEVICE
Intervention: Dysphagia retraining with device
Description: Patients used the device for 60 trials of retraining swallowing at home each day and also had the device turned on throughout the day in automatic mode to intermittently trigger every few minutes to trigger a swallow for saliva control
Study: NCT02408198

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Anxiety intervention
Description: The intervention is based on a brief CBT for psychosis (CBTp) programme, focusing on understanding and managing anxiety processes that contribute to persecutory threat beliefs when in busy urban environments. The novel aspect of this intervention is that it is delivered in a group format. The intervention consists of six sessions which will be delivered on a weekly basis. Throughout the intervention there is an emphasis on setting tasks to practice applying the new skills outside of sessions, to help the person build confidence in being able to manage paranoia and feel less distressed in their daily life.
Study: NCT00953290

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Cutera Radio Frequency Device
Description: Up to three treatments, one pass, dosage range of 15-60 kJ.
Study: NCT00263198

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PTK787/ZK222584

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Letrozole
Study: NCT01419314

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Splinting application to the lower extremities
Description: Walkabout™ splints (Don Joy Orthopedics, Vista, CA, USA) will used in the splinting treatment. The Walkabout splint is a one-piece injection molded walking boot fitted with a rocker bottom allowing for ambulation. The participants will be fitted and instructed to wear the bilateral LE splints to sleep for the duration of the study (6 weeks).

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Splint liner application
Description: The liner or protective sheath from the Walkabout™ splint will be applied to the LEs, with the structural frame of the splint removed by the researcher in advance, patients will be blinded to this arm of the study (6 weeks).
Study: NCT01819727

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: BMN 165
Description: After informed consent, eligible subjects will be randomized (1:1) to titrate up to one of two dose regimens: 20 mg/day or 40 mg/day. All subjects will initiate IP at a fixed-dose of 2.5 mg/week for 4 weeks (Induction). After the Induction Period, subjects will enter the Titration Period (Weeks 5 up to 34) where they will increase their weekly BMN 165 dose to a daily dose regimen of 20 mg/day or 40 mg/day. The Titration Period will be individualized to each subject based on a minimum of 6 weeks (the amount of time it takes to reach a dose regimen of 20 mg/day with no dose interruptions) and up to 30 weeks (accounts for dose reduction or interruption due to AEs). Subjects will stop titration once they have achieved either the 20 mg/day or 40 mg/day dose regimen. The majority of subjects will maintain the 20 or 40 mg/day dose regimen for at least an additional 2 weeks until a minimum of approximately 26 weeks or a maximum of 36 weeks in the study.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: BMN 165
Description: After informed consent, eligible subjects will be randomized (1:1) to titrate up to one of two dose regimens: 20 mg/day or 40 mg/day. All subjects will initiate IP at a fixed-dose of 2.5 mg/week for 4 weeks (Induction). After the Induction Period, subjects will enter the Titration Period (Weeks 5 up to 34) where they will increase their weekly BMN 165 dose to a daily dose regimen of 20 mg/day or 40 mg/day. The Titration Period will be individualized to each subject based on a minimum of 6 weeks (the amount of time it takes to reach a dose regimen of 20 mg/day with no dose interruptions) and up to 30 weeks (accounts for dose reduction or interruption due to AEs). Subjects will stop titration once they have achieved either the 20 mg/day or 40 mg/day dose regimen. The majority of subjects will maintain the 20 or 40 mg/day dose regimen for at least an additional 2 weeks until a minimum of approximately 26 weeks or a maximum of 36 weeks in the study.
Study: NCT03050827

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: 3% oxybutynin
Description: Topical Gelnique 3%TM (3% oxybutynin) applied daily for 20 weeks in type 2 diabetic subjects with established peripheral neuropathy. Subjects will be randomized into placebo or active drug arms and instructed in how to apply 84 mg Gelnique 3%TM or hydrogel placebo to cover a 2 by 2 region of skin adjacent to the initial biopsy site. Treatment will continue daily for 20 weeks, with monthly phone calls to monitor compliance.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Non-active placebo for 3% oxybutynin
Study: NCT04449289

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Intravenous lidocaine
Description: Intraoperatively and postoperatively a standard intravenous infusion of lidocaine will be used for analgesia
Study: NCT02859129

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: rosuvastatin 40 mg tablet
Description: Single oral dose of 40 mg (1 x 40 mg tablet) rosuvastatin (Crestor®) (Day 1).

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Epanova™ QD (2 x 1 g capsules)
Description: Multiple oral doses of 2 g (2 x 1 g capsules) Epanova™ QD for 10 consecutive days (Days 4 to 13)

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Multiple doses of 4 g Epanova™ with single of rosuvastatin 40 mg dose
Description: Multiple oral doses of 4 g Epanova™ QD for 13 consecutive days with coadministration of single 40 mg oral dose of rosuvastatin (Crestor®) with the 11th dose of Epanova™ on Day 24

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Multiple (20) oral doses of 2 g Vascepa® every 12 hours
Description: Multiple oral doses of 2 g (2 x 1 g capsules) Vascepa® every 12 hours for 20 consecutive days (Days 1 to 20).
Study: NCT00188942

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Fluoxetine+Olanzapine

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Olanzapine

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Study: NCT03300505

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: ARRx
Description: Given intravenously (IV)
Study: NCT04449289

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Epidural ropivacaine
Description: Intraoperatively and postoperatively an epidural infusion of ropivacaine will be used for analgesia