Study: NCT03548090

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 75% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (75%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 75% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (75%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 75% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (75%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 75% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (75%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 75% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (75%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 75% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (75%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 75% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (75%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 75% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (75%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 75% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (75%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 75% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (75%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Skateboard exercise at an incline angle determined to be optimal in phase 1 (either 0 or 5 degrees) and 90% body weight
Description: Participants will stand on a specified incline angle (either 0 or 5 degrees, whichever is determined during phase 1 to be optimal) and with a specified body weight (90%) on the paretic LE and will simultaneously move a small skateboard forward with the non-paretic LE.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Control 4-week exercise intervention
Description: This intervention occurs in phase 3. Subjects will participate in 1-hour sessions three times per week for four weeks. The control group will perform three sets of ten repetitions of the following 4 exercises, for a total of 120 repetitions: 1) standing hip abduction against green theraband resistance with upper extremity support, 2) sit to stands from chair with no upper extremity support, 3) bilateral calf raises with upper extremity support, and 4) right and left weight shifting exercises using a wobble board with upper extremity support available if needed.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Control 4-week exercise intervention
Description: This intervention occurs in phase 3. Subjects will participate in 1-hour sessions three times per week for four weeks. The control group will perform three sets of ten repetitions of the following 4 exercises, for a total of 120 repetitions: 1) standing hip abduction against green theraband resistance with upper extremity support, 2) sit to stands from chair with no upper extremity support, 3) bilateral calf raises with upper extremity support, and 4) right and left weight shifting exercises using a wobble board with upper extremity support available if needed.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Control 4-week exercise intervention
Description: This intervention occurs in phase 3. Subjects will participate in 1-hour sessions three times per week for four weeks. The control group will perform three sets of ten repetitions of the following 4 exercises, for a total of 120 repetitions: 1) standing hip abduction against green theraband resistance with upper extremity support, 2) sit to stands from chair with no upper extremity support, 3) bilateral calf raises with upper extremity support, and 4) right and left weight shifting exercises using a wobble board with upper extremity support available if needed.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Control 4-week exercise intervention
Description: This intervention occurs in phase 3. Subjects will participate in 1-hour sessions three times per week for four weeks. The control group will perform three sets of ten repetitions of the following 4 exercises, for a total of 120 repetitions: 1) standing hip abduction against green theraband resistance with upper extremity support, 2) sit to stands from chair with no upper extremity support, 3) bilateral calf raises with upper extremity support, and 4) right and left weight shifting exercises using a wobble board with upper extremity support available if needed.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Control 4-week exercise intervention
Description: This intervention occurs in phase 3. Subjects will participate in 1-hour sessions three times per week for four weeks. The control group will perform three sets of ten repetitions of the following 4 exercises, for a total of 120 repetitions: 1) standing hip abduction against green theraband resistance with upper extremity support, 2) sit to stands from chair with no upper extremity support, 3) bilateral calf raises with upper extremity support, and 4) right and left weight shifting exercises using a wobble board with upper extremity support available if needed.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Control 4-week exercise intervention
Description: This intervention occurs in phase 3. Subjects will participate in 1-hour sessions three times per week for four weeks. The control group will perform three sets of ten repetitions of the following 4 exercises, for a total of 120 repetitions: 1) standing hip abduction against green theraband resistance with upper extremity support, 2) sit to stands from chair with no upper extremity support, 3) bilateral calf raises with upper extremity support, and 4) right and left weight shifting exercises using a wobble board with upper extremity support available if needed.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Control 4-week exercise intervention
Description: This intervention occurs in phase 3. Subjects will participate in 1-hour sessions three times per week for four weeks. The control group will perform three sets of ten repetitions of the following 4 exercises, for a total of 120 repetitions: 1) standing hip abduction against green theraband resistance with upper extremity support, 2) sit to stands from chair with no upper extremity support, 3) bilateral calf raises with upper extremity support, and 4) right and left weight shifting exercises using a wobble board with upper extremity support available if needed.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Control 4-week exercise intervention
Description: This intervention occurs in phase 3. Subjects will participate in 1-hour sessions three times per week for four weeks. The control group will perform three sets of ten repetitions of the following 4 exercises, for a total of 120 repetitions: 1) standing hip abduction against green theraband resistance with upper extremity support, 2) sit to stands from chair with no upper extremity support, 3) bilateral calf raises with upper extremity support, and 4) right and left weight shifting exercises using a wobble board with upper extremity support available if needed.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Control 4-week exercise intervention
Description: This intervention occurs in phase 3. Subjects will participate in 1-hour sessions three times per week for four weeks. The control group will perform three sets of ten repetitions of the following 4 exercises, for a total of 120 repetitions: 1) standing hip abduction against green theraband resistance with upper extremity support, 2) sit to stands from chair with no upper extremity support, 3) bilateral calf raises with upper extremity support, and 4) right and left weight shifting exercises using a wobble board with upper extremity support available if needed.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Control 4-week exercise intervention
Description: This intervention occurs in phase 3. Subjects will participate in 1-hour sessions three times per week for four weeks. The control group will perform three sets of ten repetitions of the following 4 exercises, for a total of 120 repetitions: 1) standing hip abduction against green theraband resistance with upper extremity support, 2) sit to stands from chair with no upper extremity support, 3) bilateral calf raises with upper extremity support, and 4) right and left weight shifting exercises using a wobble board with upper extremity support available if needed.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Control 4-week exercise intervention
Description: This intervention occurs in phase 3. Subjects will participate in 1-hour sessions three times per week for four weeks. The control group will perform three sets of ten repetitions of the following 4 exercises, for a total of 120 repetitions: 1) standing hip abduction against green theraband resistance with upper extremity support, 2) sit to stands from chair with no upper extremity support, 3) bilateral calf raises with upper extremity support, and 4) right and left weight shifting exercises using a wobble board with upper extremity support available if needed.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Control 4-week exercise intervention
Description: This intervention occurs in phase 3. Subjects will participate in 1-hour sessions three times per week for four weeks. The control group will perform three sets of ten repetitions of the following 4 exercises, for a total of 120 repetitions: 1) standing hip abduction against green theraband resistance with upper extremity support, 2) sit to stands from chair with no upper extremity support, 3) bilateral calf raises with upper extremity support, and 4) right and left weight shifting exercises using a wobble board with upper extremity support available if needed.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Experimental 4-week exercise intervention
Description: This intervention occurs in phase 3. Subjects will participate in 1-hour sessions three times per week for four weeks. The experimental group will perform the skateboard exercise with the optimal parameters established during studies 1 and 2 (that is, an incline angle of either 0 or 5 degrees and a body weight percentage of 50%, 75%, or 90%)--the forward and backward speed of the skateboard will be cued with a metronome that will set at a beats per minute that matches the foot strike cadence of someone walking at 0.7 m/s, and the magnitude of forward excursion of the skateboard will be individualized to the participant based on GAITRite® data (that is, step length of the non-paretic LE).