TrialPanorama/TrialPanorama-database huggingface dataset:
Study: NCT01764126

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pneumococcal protein vaccine
Description: One dose of 50 µg of each of three proteins with adjuvant (aluminium hydroxide) IM

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pneumococcal protein vaccine
Description: One dose of 50 µg of each of three proteins with adjuvant (aluminium hydroxide) IM

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pneumococcal protein vaccine
Description: Three doses, 4 weeks apart, of 10 µg of each of three proteins with adjuvant (aluminium hydroxide) IM

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pneumococcal protein vaccine
Description: Three doses, 4 weeks apart, of 10 µg of each of three proteins with adjuvant (aluminium hydroxide) IM

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pneumococcal protein vaccine
Description: Three doses, 4 weeks apart, of 25 µg of each of three proteins with adjuvant (aluminium hydroxide) IM

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pneumococcal protein vaccine
Description: Three doses, 4 weeks apart, of 25 µg of each of three proteins with adjuvant (aluminium hydroxide) IM

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pneumococcal protein vaccine
Description: Three doses, 4 weeks apart, of 25 µg of each of three proteins without adjuvant IM

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pneumococcal protein vaccine
Description: Three doses, 4 weeks apart, of 25 µg of each of three proteins without adjuvant IM

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pneumococcal protein vaccine
Description: Three doses, 4 weeks apart, of 50 µg of each of three proteins with adjuvant (aluminium hydroxide) IM

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pneumococcal protein vaccine
Description: Three doses, 4 weeks apart, of 50 µg of each of three proteins with adjuvant (aluminium hydroxide) IM
Study: NCT01191541

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: DNR:
Description: DNR：45mg/m2 d1-3

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: DNR:
Description: DNR：45mg/m2 d1-3

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Ara-c
Description: DNR+ARA-C：DNR：45mg/m2 d1-3;Ara-C :1g/m2 d1-3
Study: NCT03934255

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Constant Routine Protocol
Description: Constant routine protocols are used in circadian research to examine underlying circadian rhythms in the absence of light, activity, and meals
Study: NCT01541579

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Cx601
Description: 120 million cells administered by intralesional injection.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Saline solution
Description: 24 mL saline solution by intralesional injection
Study: NCT00564824

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Caffeine
Description: Caffeine 200 mg tablet

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo pills
Study: NCT01364623

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Low dose testosterone nasal gel, single dose
Description: Low dose testosterone nasal gel, single dose

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Medium dose testosterone nasal gel, single dose
Description: Medium dose testosterone nasal gel, single dose

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: High dose testosterone nasal gel, single dose
Description: High dose testosterone nasal gel, single dose

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Medium dose testosterone nasal gel, multiple dose
Description: Medium dose testosterone nasal gel, multiple dose
Study: NCT04374409

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: High-flavanol cocoa powder
Description: Non-alkalized fat-reduced cocoa powder (Natural Acticoa)

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Low-flavanol cocoa powder
Description: Alkalized fat-reduced cocoa powder (10/12 DDP Royal Dutch)
Study: NCT03021148

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Questionnaire
Description: Administration of questionnaire.
Study: NCT03974334

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: OWL-Hypertension 8 Wk Trial
Description: Our Whole Lives - Hypertension is an innovative online community and self-management program that provides access to stress reduction, mind-body techniques, nutrition, exercise, and peer support. OWL-H provides educational materials including videos of clinician-led talks (stress reactivity, nutrition, movement, etc.). OWL-H also provides subjects a facilitated community blog, private journal, peer support, and an extensive resource library. It will be tested by 26 patients with hypertension, to refine the platform based on patient feedback and outcomes.
Study: NCT04987567

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: ANTIOXIDANT DHA TRIGLYCERIDE (TRIDOCOSAHEXAENOINE-AOX®)
Description: Pearls of DHA (BrudyNen)

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: PLACEBO (OLIVE OIL)
Description: Pearls manufactured to mimic DHA (BrudyNen).
Study: NCT02091583

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Butter, sunflower and safflower oil

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: High Oleic Canola Oil and DHA (HOCO-DHA)

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Barley beta-glucan

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: HOCO-DHA and Barley beta-glucan
Study: NCT03210103

Intervention type: RADIATION
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Radiation
Description: Standard of Care: Radiation +/- Chemotherapy

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Transoral Surgery (TOS) + Neck Dissection
Description: Transoral Surgery (TOS) + Neck Dissection (plus radiation, if required)
Study: NCT02777229

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Dolutegravir 50 mg
Description: 1 tablet once a day

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg / lamivudine 300 mg
Description: Fixed dose combination, 1 tablet once a day

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg / lamivudine 300 mg
Description: Fixed dose combination, 1 tablet once a day

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Efavirenz 400 mg
Description: 1 tablets once a day
Study: NCT02111460

Intervention type: RADIATION
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Loco-regional Radiotherapy
Description: with or without Loco-regional Radiotherapy

Intervention type: RADIATION
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Loco-regional Radiotherapy
Description: with or without Loco-regional Radiotherapy
Study: NCT04263350

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Atazanavir/Cobicistat
Description: Specified Dose on Specified Days

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Reyataz Atazanavir
Description: Specified Dose on Specified Days

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Cobicistat
Description: Specified Dose on Specified Days
Study: NCT00706550

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: (PV) 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
Description: Currently commercially available pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: (PV) 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
Description: Currently commercially available pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo
Study: NCT01573078

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Intervention: Questionnaire
Description: Questionnaire consisting of the following validated surveys: Rome II criteria - Scale of Body Connection (SBC), Private Body Consciousness Sub-Scale (PBCS), Body Vigilance Scale (BVS), Emotional Processing Scale (EPS25)
Study: NCT02807051

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pacritinib
Description: Single 400-mg dose (four 100-mg capsules) administered in the morning on Days 1 and 12

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Clarithromycin
Description: Twice-daily, 500-mg dose (one 500-mg tablet) administered every 8 to 12 hours on Day 8 through the morning of Day 12

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pacritinib and Clarithromycin
Description: On Day 12, a single oral 400-mg dose of pacritinib was co-administered with the final 500-mg dose of clarithromycin
Study: NCT01294488

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Parent-Child Interaction Therapy
Description: Therapists receive training in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) and receive supervision in their implementation of PCIT skills via phone consultation and polycommunication technology, each for 6 months.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Parent-Child Interaction Therapy
Description: Therapists receive training in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) and receive supervision in their implementation of PCIT skills via phone consultation and polycommunication technology, each for 6 months.
Study: NCT00992979

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Therapeutic Massage
Description: Massage therapists with at least 5 years experience will perform the massages. On each of three consecutive days, participants (while fully clothed and in a seated position) will receive a 20-minute back, shoulder, neck and head massage. Subjects will be treated with conventional light pressure Swedish massage techniques which consisted of continuous systematic strokes including kneading and stretching to loosen and rehabilitate the soft tissues of the body and to provide general relaxation. The manual techniques include: effleurage , soothing petrissage , repetitive stroking, rocking , squeezing and mild joint mobilization. As is standard practice in massage therapy delivery, room lights will be dimmed and soft, soothing music played to enhance relaxation during therapy.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Relaxation Control
Description: On each of three consecutive evenings, subjects in this group will participate in a 20 minute relaxation session. This session will be delivered in the same location and with the same lighting and music as with the therapeutic massage group. Each participant will be asked to choose a comfortable position in a chair and a massage therapist will sit quietly in the room approximately 4 feet behind the participant.
Study: NCT03881384

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: ctDNA level during neoadjuant chemotherapy
Description: Draw blood from each enrolled patient every time before chemotherapy and measure the ctDNA level in plasma.
Study: NCT04374643

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Slef questionnaires fulfilment
Description: Questionnaires to assess the psychological impact of confinement and its evolution over 6 months
Study: NCT04184492

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: GP-40081
Description: biphasic insulin aspart 30 in doses 0.4 IU/kg

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: NovoMix® 30 Penfill®
Description: biphasic insulin aspart 30 in doses 0.4 IU/kg
Study: NCT04559204

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: IIV4 and PPV23
Description: imultaneously immunization of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) and quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4)

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: IIV4
Description: administrated with IIV4 only

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: PPV23
Description: administrated with PPV23 only
Study: NCT00117507

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Deferasirox
Study: NCT02375724

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Aclidinium Bromide
Description: Inhaled Aclidinium 400 μg twice per day by Eklira Genuair Inhaler

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Inhaled dose-matched placebo, twice per day by Eklira Genuair Inhaler
Study: NCT05087355

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: PCR or antigen test for Covid 19 or Inluenza
Description: PCR or antigen test for Covid 19 or Inluenza

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: PCR or antigen test for Covid 19 or Inluenza
Description: PCR or antigen test for Covid 19 or Inluenza

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: PCR or antigen test for Covid 19 or Inluenza
Description: PCR or antigen test for Covid 19 or Inluenza
Study: NCT04515472

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Botnia Clamp
Description: This clamp technique is designed to obtain independent measures of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity during the same test. In brief, 0.3g/kg body wt of a 20% glucose solution is given at time 0. Blood samples for the measurement of plasma glucose and serum insulin are obtained at -10, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 120, and 180 min.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Botnia Clamp
Description: This clamp technique is designed to obtain independent measures of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity during the same test. In brief, 0.3g/kg body wt of a 20% glucose solution is given at time 0. Blood samples for the measurement of plasma glucose and serum insulin are obtained at -10, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 120, and 180 min.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Botnia Clamp
Description: This clamp technique is designed to obtain independent measures of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity during the same test. In brief, 0.3g/kg body wt of a 20% glucose solution is given at time 0. Blood samples for the measurement of plasma glucose and serum insulin are obtained at -10, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 120, and 180 min.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Botnia Clamp
Description: This clamp technique is designed to obtain independent measures of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity during the same test. In brief, 0.3g/kg body wt of a 20% glucose solution is given at time 0. Blood samples for the measurement of plasma glucose and serum insulin are obtained at -10, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 120, and 180 min.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Withdrawal of Gender Affirming Hormone Therapy (GAHT)
Description: GAHT, either estrogen or testosterone therapy will be withdrawn after the Botnia Clamp.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Withdrawal of Gender Affirming Hormone Therapy (GAHT)
Description: GAHT, either estrogen or testosterone therapy will be withdrawn after the Botnia Clamp.
Study: NCT05183113

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Acute Intermittent Hypoxia
Description: Participants will wear a non-rebreathing face mask and alternate between breathing 9% O2 gas mixture for up to 1 minute, or until the target SpO2 of 85 percent is reached, and normal room air (21 percent O2) until 2 minutes are complete. This cycle will be repeated 15 times, resulting in a 30-minute protocol.
Study: NCT01134835

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: placebo
Description: placebo 30mg daily by mouth for 4 weeks then 45mg daily for 8 weeks

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: IMP Pioglitozone
Description: Pioglitazone 30mg daily by mouth for 4 weeks then 45mg daily for 8 weeks and placebo 30mg daily by mouth for 4 weeks then 45mg daily for 8 weeks.
Study: NCT04457466

Intervention type: DRUG
Intervention: Nerve Growth Factor
Description: Induction of experimental muscle soreness using intramuscular injections of Nerve Growth Factor.

Intervention type: DRUG
Intervention: Nerve Growth Factor
Description: Induction of experimental muscle soreness using intramuscular injections of Nerve Growth Factor.

Intervention type: DRUG
Intervention: Nerve Growth Factor
Description: Induction of experimental muscle soreness using intramuscular injections of Nerve Growth Factor.

Intervention type: DRUG
Intervention: Nerve Growth Factor
Description: Induction of experimental muscle soreness using intramuscular injections of Nerve Growth Factor.
Study: NCT04450511

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Magnetic stimulation -Armchair type (MS)
Description: MS was applied two days a week, 20 minutes a day, a total of 12 sessions for 6 weeks.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Bladder Training (BT)
Description: Bladder Training (BT)

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Bladder Training (BT)
Description: Bladder Training (BT)
Study: NCT02819076

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: pain scale

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: pain scale
Study: NCT01365585

Intervention type: DRUG
Intervention: sildenafil citrate
Description: Sildenafil citrate, 20mg oral tablets, taken at least three times daily
Study: NCT00697450

Intervention type: DRUG
Intervention: insulin detemir
Description: Start dose, frequency of dosing, dose titration to be prescribed by the physician as a result of a normal clinical evaluation
Study: NCT02150525

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: omega-3 fatty acid
Description: Given PO (by mouth) daily

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: placebo
Description: Given PO(by mouth)daily

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Questionnaire administration
Description: Measures of self-reported outcomes: Self-reported symptoms will be documented with the Urogenital Atrophy Questionnaire (UAQ), Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Center for Epidemiological Studies Short Depression Scale (CES-D 10), and Brief Pain Inventory (BPI).

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Questionnaire administration
Description: Measures of self-reported outcomes: Self-reported symptoms will be documented with the Urogenital Atrophy Questionnaire (UAQ), Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Center for Epidemiological Studies Short Depression Scale (CES-D 10), and Brief Pain Inventory (BPI).
Study: NCT03100201

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Intervention Armeo®Spring
Description: The robotic-assisted training will be performed using the clinically evaluated Armeo®Spring medical device (Hocoma AG, Zurich, Switzerland). By means of a sensory orthosis, arm movements will be supported and transmitted to a computer system and visually shown on a screen.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Control Group
Description: The control group will receive conventional occupational- and physiotherapy over 3 weeks
Study: NCT00786123

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: VSL#3
Description: Dose: 4 capsules of VSL#3 daily for 6 weeks.

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Identical looking preparation of placebo taken at the same dose regimen as the active comparator
Study: NCT02468596

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: QTRAC assessment
Description: Computerized analysis of the muscular response of musculus abductor pollicis brevis, to series of electrical stimulations of the median nerve

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Clinical assessment of peripheral nerve function
Description: Clinometric assessment using RT-MRC, Martin vigirometer, RT-mISS, T25W, 9 hole peg test, and ataxia scale
Study: NCT00814567

Intervention type: RADIATION
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: radiation therapy
Description: Patients undergo standard whole breast, reduced whole breast, or standard partial breast radiotherapy

Intervention type: RADIATION
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: radiation therapy
Description: Patients undergo standard whole breast, reduced whole breast, or standard partial breast radiotherapy

Intervention type: RADIATION
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: radiation therapy
Description: Patients undergo standard whole breast, reduced whole breast, or standard partial breast radiotherapy
Study: NCT04085796

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: ICCI
Description: Intentional Compassionate Communication Intervention

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: ICCI
Description: Intentional Compassionate Communication Intervention
Study: NCT00395889

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Rehabilitation including structured exercise training
Description: Rehabilitation of at least 8 weeks, for at least twice/week. This group will also receive the exercise counseling as a part of the rehabilitation program.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Physical Activity Counseling
Description: Six exercise counseling sessions will be carried out during a 6-month period. This group will only receive the counseling and no formal structured exercise training sessions.
Study: NCT00936403

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: NNC126-0083
Description: One single dose administered in four dose levels in an escalating order

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: somatropin
Description: A daily dose of Norditropin NordiFlex® for seven days. Dose will remain constant
Study: NCT04056065

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Normal Saline
Description: In addition to standard of care normal saline to be used as vehicle in the phase-II study to assess efficacy of PMZ-2010 as a resuscitative agent for hypovolemic shock

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Centhaquine
Description: In addition to standard of care PMZ-2010 to be used as an experimental drug in the phase-II study to assess its efficacy as a resuscitative agent for hypovolemic shock
Study: NCT04298242

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: ExAblate 2100
Description: A non-invasive thermal ablation device fully integrated with an MR imaging system
Study: NCT02342028

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Intervention: OSA
Description: This study aims to compare the difference in the number and function of regulatory T cells between OSA patients and controls. The investigators will draw peripheral venous blood samples from both groups and measure the number and function of their regulatory T cells. However, some, NOT ALL, of OSA patients may receive continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment-the standard therapy for severe-to-moderate OSA. Use of CPAP is based on physician's suggestion and patients' decision, but not for this study. The devices are provided by patients themselves and its type/brand is not limited or prespecified. For those with CPAP therapy, their blood sample will be re-collected 26 weeks later to repeat measurement for subgroup analysis.