Study: NCT05569083

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: Neuropsychological evaluation
Description: For extensive neuropsychological evaluation the investigators will use the following tools: global measurements (MMSE, Information-Memory-Concentration Test), tasks exploring verbal and spatial short- and long-term memory (Digit Span, Corsi Tapping Test, Five Words and Paired Words Acquisition and Recall after 10 min and 24 hr, Short Story Immediate and Delayed Recall), prospective memory (Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test), attention (Trail Making Test A, Dual Task), language (Token Test, naming pictures, Category Fluency Task, Phonemic Fluency Task), constructional praxis (Copying Drawings and Rey-Osterrieth complex figure) and executive function (Trail Making Test B, Stroop Test, Frontal Assessment Battery, Weigl Test).~To assess independent living skills, the investigators will use two structured interview: Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL).

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: Assessment of cognitive reserve, depression, personality traits and leisure activities
Description: In order to estimate premorbid intelligence, all cases will perform TIB test (Test di Intelligenza Breve), an Italian version of the National Adult Reading Test (NART).~To assess personality traits of the subjects, the investigators will use the Big Five Factors Questionnaire (BFFQ), that measures the five factors of emotional stability, energy, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to culture and experience.~For cognitive reserve. subjects will perform structured interviewed regarding participation in intellectual, sporting and social activities, in the course of their life.~The presence of depressive symptoms will be evaluated by means of the 22-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS).

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: Assessment of cognitive reserve, depression, personality traits and leisure activities
Description: In order to estimate premorbid intelligence, all cases will perform TIB test (Test di Intelligenza Breve), an Italian version of the National Adult Reading Test (NART).~To assess personality traits of the subjects, the investigators will use the Big Five Factors Questionnaire (BFFQ), that measures the five factors of emotional stability, energy, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to culture and experience.~For cognitive reserve. subjects will perform structured interviewed regarding participation in intellectual, sporting and social activities, in the course of their life.~The presence of depressive symptoms will be evaluated by means of the 22-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS).

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: Clinical-neuropsychological follow-up
Description: For follow-up assessment, each subject will perform a complete clinical evaluation, an extensive neuropsychological evaluation (27 test), assessment of independent living skills (ADL and IADL), estimation of premorbid intelligence (TIB test) and scale for depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale - HDRS).

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: Clinical-neuropsychological follow-up
Description: For follow-up assessment, each subject will perform a complete clinical evaluation, an extensive neuropsychological evaluation (27 test), assessment of independent living skills (ADL and IADL), estimation of premorbid intelligence (TIB test) and scale for depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale - HDRS).

Intervention type: DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Intervention: ERP recording
Description: For ERP acquisition the same EEG system that was used for EEG data acquisition will be used. The participants will be administered an ERP test battery with concurrently recorded EEG consisting of a 3-choice vigilance task (3CVT) designed to evaluate sustained attention and standard image recognition memory task (SIR) designed to evaluate attention, encoding, and image recognition memory. In the SIR, images will be chosen as stimuli to distinguish short term from semantic memory loss and extend previous results of image recognition ERP effects.