TrialPanorama/TrialPanorama-database huggingface dataset:
Study: NCT01757236

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: VANCOMYCIN

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: VANCOMYCIN

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: VANCOMYCIN

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: CEFTRIAXONE

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: CEFTRIAXONE

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: CEFTRIAXONE

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: CLINDAMYCIN

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: SULFAMETHOXAZOLE AND TRIMETHOPRIM (CO-TRIMOXAZOLE)

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: FLUOROQUINOLONE

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: LINEZOLID

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: LINEZOLID

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: RIFAMPIN

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: RIFAMPIN

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: RIFAMPIN
Study: NCT02961140

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Cardiac Output Normalization
Description: The investigator will administer intravenous fluids to keep cardiac index (CI) ≥ 2.2, and maintain CI and stroke volume variation during the whole operation.
Study: NCT04279249

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: HEPA Air Filtration
Description: 2 HEPA air filters placed in home (one in bedroom, one in living room) for 30 days

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: SHAM_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Sham HEPA Air Filtration
Description: 2 HEPA air filter devices with filter removed placed in home (one in bedroom, one in living room) for 30 days
Study: NCT04481347

Intervention type: DEVICE
Intervention: Sleep EEG recording using a DREEM® headband
Description: Sleep EEG recording using a Dreem® headband (Rythm, Paris, France), an EEG recording device adapted to sleep conditions and completely non-invasive

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
Description: Neuropsychological assessment using the The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) questionnaire to detect postoperative cognitive dysfunction

Intervention type: DEVICE
Intervention: Intraoperative EEG recording using a Sedline® monitoring
Description: Intraoperative brain function monitoring using a Sedline® module (Masimo corporation) to evaluate the state of the brain under anesthesia
Study: NCT03227770

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: hemoperfusion combined with hemodialysis
Description: Hemoperfusion combined with hemodialysis treatment will perform at least once every two week. The hemoperfusion apparatus will use type HA130 resin hemoperfusion apparatus (Zhuhai Jafron Biomedical Co., Ltd, China)

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: hemodialysis
Description: Blood purification (including low-flux hemodialysis, high-flux hemodialysis, or hemodiafiltration) treatment ≥10 hours per week

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: hemodialysis
Description: Blood purification (including low-flux hemodialysis, high-flux hemodialysis, or hemodiafiltration) treatment ≥10 hours per week
Study: NCT00899223

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: biologic sample preservation procedure
Study: NCT03455335

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: 20 million hMSCs
Study: NCT04121819

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Cytarabine
Description: cytarabine 100mg/m2 d1-5 subcutaneous
Study: NCT04992806

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: hip arthroscopy
Description: Use epidural anesthesia or general anesthesia. The patient lies on the orthopedic traction bed to protect the perineum and perform traction of the lower limbs on the surgical side. Under arthroscopy, check the labrum, acetabular articular surface and femoral head cartilage, and round ligament in turn. The acetabular labrum with tear degeneration was treated with labrum suture or labrum revision surgery according to the injury. Perform femoral head and neck plastic or acetabular plastic surgery, osteoid osteoma debridement, etc.
Study: NCT01384617

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Stapling closure of the pancreatic stump
Description: Echelon 60 with a gold cartridge provide provides precise and uniform wide compression throughout the entire 60mm length with compressible thickness to 1.8mm, which can attach two triple-staggered rows of titanium staples.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Roux-en-Y anastomosis of the pancreatic stump
Description: end-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy into a retrocolic Roux-en-Y reconstruction. The pancreaticojejunostomy anastomosis is performed in duct-to-mucosa.
Study: NCT00709722

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: NKT-01
Description: SC, 0.5 mg/kg/day, consecutive 14 days administrations, 1 week rest, 9 cycles.
Study: NCT00700687

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PA32540
Description: aspirin/omeprazole
Study: NCT00337701

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: enfuvirtide [Fuzeon]
Description: 90mg sc bid by Biojector 2000 NFID for 8 weeks

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: enfuvirtide [Fuzeon]
Description: 90mg sc bid by standard needle and syringe for 4 weeks, followed by 90mg sc bid by Biojector 2000 NFID for 4 weeks.
Study: NCT03455335

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: 40 million hMSCs

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: 80 million hMSCs
Study: NCT03883997

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: No intervention
Description: Cross-sectional
Study: NCT02418182

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Acetaminophen
Description: Acetaminophen total dose of 1000mg

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: placebo
Description: subjects randomized to this group will be given placebo tablets
Study: NCT03936777

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: ZX008 (Fenfluramine Hydrochloride)
Description: Fenfluramine hydrochloride provided in a concentration of 2.5 mg/mL.
Study: NCT03138239

Intervention type: RADIATION
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Ga-68-PSMA scan, and PET -CT F-18-FDG
Description: The patient will do tow mappings on two different days. It should be noted that there is no importance to the order between the two tests on the condition that they be performed within 7-10 days of each other.~Both tests will be performed with the Discovery 690 camera, which is located at the Nuclear Medicine Institute.~First test PET-CT with F-18-FDG PET-CT second test with Ga-68-PSMA
Study: NCT03797222

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Vitamin E
Description: Subjects will take an oral Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) supplement once daily with a fat-containing meal for 2 weeks. The dose will be based on subject age (150 IU if 1-3 years old, 300 IU if 4-8 years old, 450 IU if 9-17 years old, 600 IU if \>17 years old). Formulations include 50 IU/mL liquid and 200 IU capsules. The liquid formulation will be used for subjects who will receive \<600 IU daily, or for any subjects who prefer liquid medication to capsules.
Study: NCT01392586

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: upfront breast surgery
Description: surgery of primary tumor, lumpectomy or mastectomy

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: systemic therapy
Description: chemotherapy, immunotherapy or endocrine therapy (possibly followed by local surgery of the breast)
Study: NCT01420068

Intervention type: DRUG
Intervention: SPP100
Study: NCT01038336

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Multimedia Hearing Loss Prevention Program
Description: Interactive, multimedia, computer-based HLPP that provides hands-on education and training about hearing loss, tinnitus, hearing protection, and general hearing health care for Veterans.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Hearing Conservation Brochure
Description: Hearing Conservation brochure provides knowledge-based information similar to that of the multimedia HLPP, but in written form.
Study: NCT03115437

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Hard cushioned running shoes
Description: The participants allocated to this experimental group will have to perform all their running sessions with the study shoes they received the day of their inclusion to the study and characterized by hard cushioning.

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Soft cushioned running shoes
Description: The participants allocated to this experimental group will have to perform all their running sessions with the study shoes they received the day of their inclusion to the study and characterized by soft cushioning.
Study: NCT03917563

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: WATCHMAN LAA occluder
Description: WATCHMAN LAA occluder
Study: NCT01308658

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Darunavir (DRV)
Description: 2x400-mg DRV tablet or 800-mg tablet

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: ritonavir
Description: on Day 3
Study: NCT00812435

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: eptifibitide
Description: Patients will be randomized to eptifibatide or no eptifibatide. If randomized to eptifibatide: 180 mcg/kg Bolus; 2 mcg/kg/min infusion immediately prior to primary PCI or at the time of PCI and for 18 - 24 hours following the PCI Second 180 mcg/kg Bolus 10 min after the first
Study: NCT00044005

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Lurasidone 20 mg
Description: Lurasidone 20mg oral tablet taken once daily for 6-months

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Lurasidone 40 mg
Description: Lurasidone 40mg oral tablets taken once daily

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Lurasidone 80mg
Description: Lurasidone 80mg oral tablet taken once daily
Study: NCT00786266

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Sleep Enhancement Training System
Description: 4 week program of readings and relaxation programs

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: NIOSH shiftwork booklet
Description: weekly readings about coping with shiftwork
Study: NCT04446819

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Compression gloves
Description: Patients wear small-size compression gloves (one or two size smaller than suitable size) for dominant hands and suitable-size compression gloves for non-dominant hands for 90 minutes during the administration of albumin-binding paclitaxel (start from 30 minutes before albumin-binding paclitaxel infusion).
Study: NCT02495870

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pork

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pork

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pork

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pork
Study: NCT03458026

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Connected object use combined with SMS (text messages) of physical activity reminders
Description: Watch connected used and receipt of SMS (text messages)

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Without connected object
Description: Any intervention except follow-up visit
Study: NCT00811070

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: SKI-606 (Bosutinib)
Description: Formulation: 100 mg Capsule for Part 1, 100 mg tablet for Part1 and Part 2.~SKI-606 (Bosutinib) will be taken by mouth with water and food as continuous once-daily dosing.
Study: NCT02910453

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Pulmonary lobectomy

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Pulmonary lobectomy
Study: NCT02479932

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Transperitoneal cesarean technique
Description: Pfannenstiel-Kerr technique for laparatomy and uterine entry

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Extraperitoneal cesarean technique
Description: Pfannenstiel incision, paravesical approach to lower uterine segment extraperitoneally and Kerr incision for uterine entry
Study: NCT03786874

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Identify work interruptions
Description: estimate baseline characteristics of the collaborative working model (proportion expressed as a percentage)

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Identify work interruptions
Description: estimate baseline characteristics of the collaborative working model (proportion expressed as a percentage)

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Understand work interruptions
Description: Team-review of the results of the task interruption and professional representations, identify activities to protect from task interruption

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Understand work interruptions
Description: Team-review of the results of the task interruption and professional representations, identify activities to protect from task interruption

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Act to limited work interruptions
Description: Adaptation of organizations; Awareness raising and Coaching for change
Study: NCT04024085

Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: completion of the test created Time to be Ready to Void
Description: completion of the test created (Time to be Ready to Void) The participants have to stand up from a chair with armrests, walk 6 meters to the toilet, open the door and turn on the light, close the door, undress and position themselves to urinate
Study: NCT00700687

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: PA32540 and celecoxib
Description: aspirin/omeprazole and celecoxib

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: aspirin and [NSAID]
Description: aspirin and \[NSAID\]
Study: NCT04385199

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Convalescent plasma
Description: One 200mL transfusion of ABO compatible convalescent plasma over 3 hours
Study: NCT02969733

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Xylocaine
Description: Xylocaine is administered at a dose of 1.5 mg / kg for induction and then relay by syringe pump at a dose of 1.33 mg / kg / hour will be administered throughout the duration of the intervention and for 24 hours after the end of thereof, to obtain deemed effective plasma concentrations of the order of 0.5 to 5 mcg / mL.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Ketamine
Description: Ketamine will be administered at a dose of 0.5 mg / kg and then relay by syringe pump at a dose of 0.05 mg / kg / hour for the duration of surgery and 24 hours after the end thereof.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: isotonic saline serum intravenous administration
Study: NCT01255696

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: ALV003

Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: ALV003 placebo
Study: NCT02746250

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Amitriptyline
Description: The investigator recruits patients who have already discussed and agreed to the amitriptyline treatment with their physician. The patients start the treatment after the investigator have measured them once.
Study: NCT01491568

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: rhBMP-2/CRM/CD HORIZON® Spinal System
Description: rhBMP-2/CRM with the CD HORIZON® SpinalSystem
Study: NCT03786848

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: MiniPDX Group
Description: Mini patient derived xenograft (MiniPDX) is a drug sensitivity test model established by transplanting primary human tumor cells into immunodeficient mice by special methods. This test can provide sensitivities of single drug or drug combination within 7 days to screen out the optimal individualized regimens for each patient.
Study: NCT03063788

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: 3BNC117-Copper-64
Description: 3 mg/kg 3BNC117 combined with radio-isotope Copper-64

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: 3BNC117-Copper-64
Description: 3 mg/kg 3BNC117 combined with radio-isotope Copper-64

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: 3BNC117-Copper-64
Description: 3 mg/kg 3BNC117 combined with radio-isotope Copper-64
Study: NCT03927781

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pregabalin 300mg
Description: One 300mg capsule will be administered PO 1 hour before surgery
Study: NCT01918488

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Standardized salt diet
Description: 200 mmol NaCl per day given as three meals daily for 4 consecutive days.

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Standardized salt diet
Description: 200 mmol NaCl per day given as three meals daily for 4 consecutive days.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Amiloride
Description: Amiloride tablet 20 mg two times daily (morning and afternoon) for two consecutive days.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Amiloride
Description: Amiloride tablet 20 mg two times daily (morning and afternoon) for two consecutive days.
Study: NCT03444311

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: A: 1 dosis
Description: 1 dosis (3E+09 cfu/d + 6 g of fiber) Two different combinations of fibers (formula A and B) will be tested with the following administration pattern for both groups.~Week 1: Formula A Week 2: Formula A Week 3: Formula B Week 4: Formula B~Composition of an envelope of formula A:~Formula A Composition (g) Pectin 1 B-glucan oatmeal 0.25 High-grade polymerization inulin 1.75 Inulin of low degree of polymerization 1,5 Polydextrose 1 Guar gum partially hydrolyzed 0,5 TOTAL 6~Composition of an envelope of formula B:~Formula B Composition (g) Pectin 1 B-glucan oatmeal 0.25 High-grade polymerization inulin 1 Inulin of low degree of polymerization 0.75 Polydextrose 2.5 Guar gum partially hydrolyzed 0,5 TOTAL 6

Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: B: 2 dosis
Description: 1 dosis (3E+09 cfu/d + 12 g of fiber) Two different combinations of fibers (formula A and B) will be tested with the following administration pattern for both groups.~Week 1: Formula A Week 2: Formula A Week 3: Formula B Week 4: Formula B~Composition of an envelope of formula A:~Formula A Composition (g) Pectin 1 B-glucan oatmeal 0.25 High-grade polymerization inulin 1.75 Inulin of low degree of polymerization 1,5 Polydextrose 1 Guar gum partially hydrolyzed 0,5 TOTAL 6~Composition of an envelope of formula B:~Formula B Composition (g) Pectin 1 B-glucan oatmeal 0.25 High-grade polymerization inulin 1 Inulin of low degree of polymerization 0.75 Polydextrose 2.5 Guar gum partially hydrolyzed 0,5 TOTAL 6
Study: NCT02034734

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: ASP3652
Description: oral
Study: NCT04021030

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
Description: The therapeutic intervention consists of 8, one-hour individual therapy sessions delivered over the course of 2 to 4 weeks with a trained CBT therapist. These sessions are designed to provide beneficial coping strategies that are helpful in dealing with both chronic pain and substance use.
Study: NCT03077815

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Systematically intermittent arm exercise
Description: While holding a rubber ball for 5 minutes a day, together with strappy elastic compression arm veinElastic bandages defined for using this research provides of standard bandages, according to research personnel Guide, reached hand elbow near heart end 4 (2\~6) cm at of arm local pressure strong 50 mm-Hg (+/-10 mm-Hg) (about equivalent to provides pressure strong 6.67 thousand PA (kPa), also about equivalent to 0.97 PSI (pound per square inch)), to reached 5 minutes arm movement Shi short reduced vein return, promotion pathway vein extended of effect

Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Systematically intermittent arm exercise
Description: While holding a rubber ball for 5 minutes a day, together with strappy elastic compression arm veinElastic bandages defined for using this research provides of standard bandages, according to research personnel Guide, reached hand elbow near heart end 4 (2\~6) cm at of arm local pressure strong 50 mm-Hg (+/-10 mm-Hg) (about equivalent to provides pressure strong 6.67 thousand PA (kPa), also about equivalent to 0.97 PSI (pound per square inch)), to reached 5 minutes arm movement Shi short reduced vein return, promotion pathway vein extended of effect
Study: NCT03242408

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: LPCN 1021
Description: Oral testosterone undecanoate
Study: NCT01461486

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)
Description: The device is a flow generator used to open the airway during sleep.

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Oral Appliance (BRD)
Description: The device increases the volume of the airway by mandibular traction.
Study: NCT04571346

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: trans-obturator procedure
Description: TOT procedure will be done using silicon-coated polypropylene tape that will be inserted at the mid-urethral portion. In group 1, a classical vertical vaginal incision will be done proximal to the external urethral meatus with dissection along the axis of the urethra till the mid-urethral zone that is identified by palpating the urethral catheter balloon through the vaginal at the bladder neck, while in group 2, two paramedian incisions will be done 1cm long in the anterior vaginal wall 2 cm apart parallel to the urethra till identification of the mid-urethral portion, communication will be done between the two incisions 1 cm wide in this area creating a tunnel where the tape will be placed, this technique provides healthy tissues proximal and distal to the tape that allows more stabilization and less migration. The rest of the procedure is the same as the standard procedure of Trans-obturator outside-in tension-free technique.

Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: trans-obturator procedure
Description: TOT procedure will be done using silicon-coated polypropylene tape that will be inserted at the mid-urethral portion. In group 1, a classical vertical vaginal incision will be done proximal to the external urethral meatus with dissection along the axis of the urethra till the mid-urethral zone that is identified by palpating the urethral catheter balloon through the vaginal at the bladder neck, while in group 2, two paramedian incisions will be done 1cm long in the anterior vaginal wall 2 cm apart parallel to the urethra till identification of the mid-urethral portion, communication will be done between the two incisions 1 cm wide in this area creating a tunnel where the tape will be placed, this technique provides healthy tissues proximal and distal to the tape that allows more stabilization and less migration. The rest of the procedure is the same as the standard procedure of Trans-obturator outside-in tension-free technique.