Study: NCT02278341

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Roxadustat
Description: Participants received initial dose of roxadustat orally as a tablet in doses of 100 mg, 150 mg or 200 mg, according to the average weekly dose of epoetin or darbepoetin alfa prior to randomization. Participants' roxadustat dosage was adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain Hb level within the target range 10.0 to 12.0 g/dL. Dose adjustment steps were as follows: 20, 40, 50, 70, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 400 mg. Oral iron treatment of 200 mg was allowed for supplementation to support erythropoiesis. Treatment with intravenous iron was allowed only if certain protocol criteria were met.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Epoetin alfa
Description: Participants received epoetin alfa via intravenous or subcutaneous injection, once a week, twice a week, or three times a week (TIW). Epoetin alfa dosage was adjusted to maintain Hb level within the target range. Dosing of epoetin alfa was per UK SmPC of Eprex®. Participants received IV iron supplementation according to the standard of care.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Darbepoetin alfa
Description: Participants received darbepoetin alfa via intravenous or subcutaneous injection, once a week or once every other week. Darbepoetin alfa dosage was adjusted to maintain Hb level within the target range. Dosing of darbepoetin alfa was per EU SmPC of Aranesp®. Participants received IV iron supplementation according to the standard of care.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Iron
Description: Oral iron treatment was recommended for supplementation to support erythropoiesis and as first-line treatment for iron deficiency, unless participant was intolerant to this treatment. For participants receiving roxadustat the recommended daily dose was 200 mg of elemental iron. Participants were advised to take roxadustat at least 1 hour before or 1 hour after oral iron. Intravenous iron supplementation for participants receiving roxadustat was allowed if all of the following criteria were met: The participant's Hb level had not responded adequately to roxadustat following two consecutive dose increases or reached the maximum dose limit, and participant's ferritin was \< 100 ng/mL (\< 220 pmol/L) or TSAT \< 20%, or the participant was intolerant of oral iron therapy. For participants treated with epoetin alfa or darbepoetin alfa, IV iron supplementation was given according to standard of care.

Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Iron
Description: Oral iron treatment was recommended for supplementation to support erythropoiesis and as first-line treatment for iron deficiency, unless participant was intolerant to this treatment. For participants receiving roxadustat the recommended daily dose was 200 mg of elemental iron. Participants were advised to take roxadustat at least 1 hour before or 1 hour after oral iron. Intravenous iron supplementation for participants receiving roxadustat was allowed if all of the following criteria were met: The participant's Hb level had not responded adequately to roxadustat following two consecutive dose increases or reached the maximum dose limit, and participant's ferritin was \< 100 ng/mL (\< 220 pmol/L) or TSAT \< 20%, or the participant was intolerant of oral iron therapy. For participants treated with epoetin alfa or darbepoetin alfa, IV iron supplementation was given according to standard of care.