Study: NCT02741414

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: The result of H pylori culture based on gram staining and enzyme activity testing
Description: This intervention aimed at patients with the positive result of 13C-urea breath test. Patients with negative result of H pylori culture was H pylori culture negative group. Patients with positive result of H pylori culture were belonged into the first successful eradication group and the refractory infection of H. pylori group.

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: The result of H pylori culture based on gram staining and enzyme activity testing
Description: This intervention aimed at patients with the positive result of 13C-urea breath test. Patients with negative result of H pylori culture was H pylori culture negative group. Patients with positive result of H pylori culture were belonged into the first successful eradication group and the refractory infection of H. pylori group.

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: The result of H pylori culture based on gram staining and enzyme activity testing
Description: This intervention aimed at patients with the positive result of 13C-urea breath test. Patients with negative result of H pylori culture was H pylori culture negative group. Patients with positive result of H pylori culture were belonged into the first successful eradication group and the refractory infection of H. pylori group.

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: The result of 13C-urea breath test after treatment based on the selection of clarithromycin, levofloxacin, metronidazole, amoxicillin，tetracycline，furazolidone and the dose of esomeprazole
Description: The intervention focused on the results from the result of 13C-urea breath test after treatment. The first successful eradication group and the refractory infection of H. pylori group were treated according to the antibiotic susceptibility testing and CYP2C19 gene polymorphism. Eight weeks after treatment, a 13C-urea breath test was performed on patients. The first successful eradication group were patients with negative in 13C-urea breath tests in the first treatment. The refractory infection of H. pylori group were treatment failure patients with positive in 13C-urea breath tests after the second standardized treatment.

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: The result of 13C-urea breath test after treatment based on the selection of clarithromycin, levofloxacin, metronidazole, amoxicillin，tetracycline，furazolidone and the dose of esomeprazole
Description: The intervention focused on the results from the result of 13C-urea breath test after treatment. The first successful eradication group and the refractory infection of H. pylori group were treated according to the antibiotic susceptibility testing and CYP2C19 gene polymorphism. Eight weeks after treatment, a 13C-urea breath test was performed on patients. The first successful eradication group were patients with negative in 13C-urea breath tests in the first treatment. The refractory infection of H. pylori group were treatment failure patients with positive in 13C-urea breath tests after the second standardized treatment.

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: The result of Amoxicillin resistance in vitro based on antibiotic susceptibility testing
Description: The intervention focused on the results from the result of Amoxicillin susceptibility testing in vitro. In this study, the investigators selected the patients with Amoxicillin resistance from the first successful eradication group and the refractory infection of H. pylori group.

Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: The result of Amoxicillin resistance in vitro based on antibiotic susceptibility testing
Description: The intervention focused on the results from the result of Amoxicillin susceptibility testing in vitro. In this study, the investigators selected the patients with Amoxicillin resistance from the first successful eradication group and the refractory infection of H. pylori group.