Study: NCT04196933

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Temporal Binding Adaptation - TBW training
Description: The investigators will use a temporal order judgment (TOJ) with a visual (light) cue and a motion (yaw rotation, y-translation) cue. The relative timing of the motion onset and the light are varied and subjects indicate which occurred first by pressing a button after the motion ends. The TOJ task will generate a psychometric curve and the PSS (point of subjective simultaneity) and TBW (temporal binding window) are calculated. Then training focuses on SOAs (stimulus onset asynchronies) near the TBW borders (e.g., PSS +/- 0.5xTBW), starting from 50 ms outside the TBW and moving randomly towards the PSS. The goal of the training is to narrow the TBW -- training trials will be provided for 30 min and after each response the subject is told if their response was right or wrong. After training, the TOJ task is repeated to determine how the TBW has changed. Sham training will be the same as the actual training except that verbal feedback of response accuracy will not be provided.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Temporal Binding Adaptation - TBW training
Description: The investigators will use a temporal order judgment (TOJ) with a visual (light) cue and a motion (yaw rotation, y-translation) cue. The relative timing of the motion onset and the light are varied and subjects indicate which occurred first by pressing a button after the motion ends. The TOJ task will generate a psychometric curve and the PSS (point of subjective simultaneity) and TBW (temporal binding window) are calculated. Then training focuses on SOAs (stimulus onset asynchronies) near the TBW borders (e.g., PSS +/- 0.5xTBW), starting from 50 ms outside the TBW and moving randomly towards the PSS. The goal of the training is to narrow the TBW -- training trials will be provided for 30 min and after each response the subject is told if their response was right or wrong. After training, the TOJ task is repeated to determine how the TBW has changed. Sham training will be the same as the actual training except that verbal feedback of response accuracy will not be provided.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Temporal Binding Adaptation - TBW training
Description: The investigators will use a temporal order judgment (TOJ) with a visual (light) cue and a motion (yaw rotation, y-translation) cue. The relative timing of the motion onset and the light are varied and subjects indicate which occurred first by pressing a button after the motion ends. The TOJ task will generate a psychometric curve and the PSS (point of subjective simultaneity) and TBW (temporal binding window) are calculated. Then training focuses on SOAs (stimulus onset asynchronies) near the TBW borders (e.g., PSS +/- 0.5xTBW), starting from 50 ms outside the TBW and moving randomly towards the PSS. The goal of the training is to narrow the TBW -- training trials will be provided for 30 min and after each response the subject is told if their response was right or wrong. After training, the TOJ task is repeated to determine how the TBW has changed. Sham training will be the same as the actual training except that verbal feedback of response accuracy will not be provided.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Temporal Binding Adaptation - PSS training
Description: After the PSS and TBW are calculated with the standard TOJ paradigm, 100 training trials are provided where the SOA is set to \[PSS - 200 ms\], with the goal of shifting the PSS more negative. Then the TOJ task will be repeated but every 10 testing trials will be followed by 10 training trials (SOA = PSS - 200), and this pattern will be repeated 10 times to 100 more training trials interspersed with the Post TOJ data. Subjects will respond after all trials and testing and training will not be distinguished. After this is completed, the new PSS and TBW are calculated. Sham PSS training will be identical to the above except that the 'training' period will consist of random SOAs rather than a series of fixed SOAs.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Temporal Binding Adaptation - PSS training
Description: After the PSS and TBW are calculated with the standard TOJ paradigm, 100 training trials are provided where the SOA is set to \[PSS - 200 ms\], with the goal of shifting the PSS more negative. Then the TOJ task will be repeated but every 10 testing trials will be followed by 10 training trials (SOA = PSS - 200), and this pattern will be repeated 10 times to 100 more training trials interspersed with the Post TOJ data. Subjects will respond after all trials and testing and training will not be distinguished. After this is completed, the new PSS and TBW are calculated. Sham PSS training will be identical to the above except that the 'training' period will consist of random SOAs rather than a series of fixed SOAs.

Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Temporal Binding Adaptation - PSS training
Description: After the PSS and TBW are calculated with the standard TOJ paradigm, 100 training trials are provided where the SOA is set to \[PSS - 200 ms\], with the goal of shifting the PSS more negative. Then the TOJ task will be repeated but every 10 testing trials will be followed by 10 training trials (SOA = PSS - 200), and this pattern will be repeated 10 times to 100 more training trials interspersed with the Post TOJ data. Subjects will respond after all trials and testing and training will not be distinguished. After this is completed, the new PSS and TBW are calculated. Sham PSS training will be identical to the above except that the 'training' period will consist of random SOAs rather than a series of fixed SOAs.