Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A 12 Week Study to Evaluate the Effect of Fluticasone Furoate (FF, GW685698)/Vilanterol (VI, GW642444) 100/25 mcg Inhalation Powder Delivered Once Daily Via a Novel Dry Powder Inhaler (NDPI) on Arterial Stiffness Compared With Tiotropium Bromide 18 mcg Delivered Once Daily Via a HandiHaler in Subjects With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
Brief Summary: This study is designed to evaluate the effect of fluticasone furoate (FF, GW685698)/vilanterol (VI, GW642444) Inhalation Powder once daily (QD) on arterial stiffness compared with Tiotropium QD over 12 week treatment period in subjects with COPD and aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) \> 12.0 m/s at Visit 1. Arterial stiffness will be measured as aPWV. This is a comparator, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel group, multi-centre study. Subjects who meet the eligibility criteria at Screening and meet the randomization criteria at the end of a 2-week Run-In period will enter a 12-week treatment period. There will be an approximate 7-day Follow-up period after the treatment period.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male and female adults ≥ 40 years, with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) according to Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines 2005 and:

  1. Smoking history of at least 20 pack years
  2. Post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) \< 80% and ≥ 30% of the predicted normal value
  3. Post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (forced volume capacity) \< 70% (Post refers to within 30 minutes after inhalation of 400 μg of salbutamol)

     Exclusion Criteria:
* Patients who were hospitalized for a COPD exacerbation in the 6 weeks prior to screening.
* Patients who had a respiratory tract infection within 6 weeks prior to screening.
* Patients with concomitant pulmonary disease.
* Patients with a history of asthma.
* Patients with diabetes type I or uncontrolled diabetes type II.
* Any patient with lung cancer or a history of lung cancer.
* Patients with a history of certain cardiovascular co-morbid conditions.

Other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria applied to the study.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults aged ≥ 40 years
* Diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (moderate to severe as classified by the GOLD Guidelines, 2007) and:

  * Smoking history of at least 10 pack years
  * Post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) \< 80% and ≥ 30% of the predicted normal value at screening
  * Post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (forced vital capacity) \< 70% at screening

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who have received systemic corticosteroids for a COPD exacerbation in the 6 weeks prior to screening or during the run-in period
* Patients requiring long-term oxygen therapy (\> 15 h a day) for chronic hypoxemia
* Patients who have had a respiratory tract infection within 6 weeks prior to screening
* Patients with concomitant pulmonary disease
* Patients with a history of asthma
* Patients with diabetes Type I or uncontrolled diabetes Type II
* Any patient with lung cancer or a history of lung cancer
* Any patient with active cancer or a history of cancer with less than 5 years disease-free survival time
* Patients with a history of long QT syndrome or whose QTc interval (Fridericia's) measured at screening is prolonged
* Patients who have been vaccinated with live attenuated vaccines within 30 days prior to screening or during the run-in period
* Patients unable to successfully use a dry powder inhaler device or perform spirometry measurements

Other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria applied to the study.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. All patients must have a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and must meet the following criteria at Visit 1:

   Patients must have relatively stable, moderate to very severe airway obstruction with a post-bronchodilator FEV1 \<=70% of predicted normal and FEV1 \<=70% of FVC post-bronchodilator (i.e. 30 minutes after inhalation of 4 puffs of 100 µg salbutamol or equivalent SABA). Predicted normal values will be calculated according to ECSC.

   For Height measured in inches Males: FEV1 predicted (L) = 4.30 x (height (inches) / 39.37)-0.029 x age (yrs) - 2.49 Females:FEV1 predicted (L) = 3.95 x (height (inches) / 39.37)-0.025 x age (yrs) - 2.60 For Height measured in metres Males: FEV1 predicted (L) = 4.30 x (height (metres)) - 0.029 x age (years) - 2.49 Females: FEV1 predicted (L) = 3.95 x (height (metres)) - 0.025 x age (years) - 2.60
2. All patients must sign an informed consent consistent with ICH-GCP guidelines prior to participation in the trial.
3. Male or female patients 40 years of age or older.
4. Patients with a history of at least one exacerbation within the past year requiring treatment with either antibiotics and/or systemic steroids and/or hospitalisation.
5. Patients must be current or ex-smokers with a smoking history of \>= 10 pack-years. (Patients who have never smoked cigarettes must be excluded.)
6. Patients must be able to perform all study-related procedures including technically acceptable pulmonary function tests (PFTs).
7. Patients must be able to inhale medication in a competent manner from the HandiHaler and a metered dose inhaler (MDI).
8. Patients must be able to maintain records (patient daily diary card) during the study period as required in the protocol.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Significant diseases other than COPD. A significant disease is defined as a disease or condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, may put the patient at risk because of participation in the study or may influence either the results of the study or the patients' ability to participate in the study.
2. Patients with a diagnosis of asthma.
3. Patients with a life-threatening pulmonary obstruction, or a history of cystic fibrosis.
4. Patients with known active tuberculosis.
5. Patients with a known symptomatic prostatic hyperplasia or bladder neck obstruction. Patients with symptomatically-controlled prostatic hyperplasia on medication may be included and should continue their medication.
6. Patients with known narrow-angle glaucoma.
7. Patients with a history of myocardial infarction within the year prior to Visit 1.
8. Patients with a history of hospital admission for heart failure within the year prior to Visit 1.
9. Patients with cardiac arrhythmia requiring medical or surgical treatment.
10. Patients with severe cardiovascular disorders.
11. Patients with a known hypersensitivity to anticholinergic drugs, beta-adrenergics, lactose or any other component of the medication delivery system.
12. Patients with known moderate or severe renal insufficiency (known creatinine clearance of \<= 50 mL/min).
13. Patients with untreated known hypokalaemia.
14. Patients with untreated known thyrotoxicosis.
15. Patients with brittle/unstable diabetes mellitus.
16. Patients with a history of and/or active significant alcohol or drug abuse. See exclusion criterion 1.
17. Patients who have taken an investigational drug within 30 days or six half-lives (whichever is greater) prior to Screening Visit (Visit 1).
18. Use of systemic corticosteroid medication at unstable doses (i.e less than six weeks on stable dose) or at doses in excess of the equivalent of 10 mg prednisolone per day or 20 mg every other day.
19. Pregnant or nursing women or women of childbearing potential not using a medically approved means of contraception (i.e oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices, diaphragm or subdermal implants e.g Norplant) for at least three months prior to, and for the duration of the trial.
20. Previous participation (receipt of randomised treatment) in this study.
21. Patients who are currently participating in another study.
22. Patients with any respiratory infection or COPD exacerbation in the four weeks prior to the Screening Visit (Visit 1) or during the run-in period should be postponed. In the case of a respiratory infection or COPD exacerbation during the run-in period, the latter may be extended up to four weeks.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Type of subject: Outpatient
* Informed consent: Subjects must give their signed and dated written informed consent to participate.
* Gender: Male or female subjects.
* Age: greater then or equal to 40 years of age at Screening (Visit 1)
* COPD diagnosis: Subjects with a clinical history of COPD in accordance with the following definition by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) /European Respiratory Society(ERS).
* Subjects with a current or prior history ofgreater then or equal to 10 pack-years of cigarette smoking at Screening (Visit 1).
* Subjects with a measured post-albuterol/salbutamol FEV1 less then 70% of predicted at Screening (Visit 1).
* Subjects with a measured post-albuterol/salbutamol FEV1/FVC ratio of less then or equal to 0.70 at Screening (Visit 1).
* Exacerbation History: Subjects who have been hospitalised or have been treated with oral corticosteroids or antibiotics for their COPD within the last 3 years prior to Screening (V1).
* Baseline aPWV: subjects with a measured aPWV greater then 12.0 m/s at Screening (Visit 1).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Body Mass Index of less then or equal to 35

Answer: D