Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Ideal Management of Crohn's Disease: Top Down Versus Step Up Strategies. A Prospective Controlled Trial in the Benelux
Brief Summary: The study prospectively compares two treatment algorithms for newly diagnosed Crohn's disease: one 'aggressive' treatment with early introduction of immunomodulators and biologicals and one 'standard treatment' with corticosteroids and only later introduction of immunosuppressives and biologicals if disease activity requires that.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* age 16 - 75 years
* diagnosis of Crohn's disease within the past 4 years
* no previous treatment with corticosteroids, antimetabolites, or biologic agents.
* Active Crohn's disease, defined by a Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI)20 score of greater than 200 points for a minimum of 2 weeks prior to randomization.

Exclusion Criteria:

* immediate need for surgery
* symptomatic stenosis or ileal/colonic strictures with prestenotic dilatation;
* signs, symptoms or laboratory tests indicating severe, medical disease;
* documented chronic infection
* a positive stool culture for pathogens
* a positive tuberculin test or a chest radiograph consistent with tuberculosis.
* malignancy
* allergy to murine proteins
* pregnancy
* substance abuse
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18 to 80, nonhospitalized, male or nonpregnant, nonlactating females voluntarily able to give informed consent.
* Crohn's disease of at least 6 months' duration.
* Endoscopic and/or histopathological and/or radiological documentation consistent with Crohn's disease obtained preferably within 24 months of screening.
* Crohn's disease involving the colon and/or the ileum.
* CDAI score from 220 to 400 (inclusive) at the time of the Screening visit. The CDAI must have remained between 220 and 400 after the 1-week Screening period for the patient to be eligible.
* Patients may have been receiving oral or topical 5-ASA compounds provided the dosage had been stable for at least the 14-day period before the Screening visit. Patients were to be maintained on the 5-ASA compound at a constant dose at least through Day 57.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with evidence of current GI infection (bacterial or parasitic) or significant infection within 45 days of the screening visit.
* Patients with a serious underlying disease other than Crohn's disease including presence or history of malignancy (except basal cell carcinoma) and histological evidence of dysplasia.
* Patients with significantly impaired liver or renal function. This includes those with established chronic liver disease including hepatitis B or C.
* Patients with the laboratory abnormalities
* Patients using ethanol or consuming illicit drugs which, in the investigator's opinion, may interfere with compliance with the study procedures.
* Patients with active psychiatric problems which, in the investigator's opinion, may interfere with compliance with the study procedures.
* Patients who have previously received or who are currently receiving treatment with a monoclonal antibody.
* Patients receiving any investigational therapy, excluded medications as defined in protocol, or any approved therapy in an investigational protocol within 30 days prior to screening.
* Patients unable to attend all the study visits or comply with study procedures.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 18 to 80
2. Diagnosis of moderately to severely active Crohn's disease (CD)
3. CD involvement of the ileum and/or colon
4. Demonstrated, over the previous 5 year period, an inadequate response to, loss of response to, or intolerance of at least 1 of the following agents, within protocol-specified parameters:

   1. Immunomodulators
   2. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) antagonists
   3. Corticosteroids
5. May be receiving a therapeutic dose of conventional therapies for irritable bowel disease (IBD) defined by the protocol

Exclusion Criteria

1. Evidence of abdominal abscess at the initial screening visit, other than a minimum of 10 aphthous ulcerations involving a minimum of 10 contiguous cm of intestine
2. Extensive colonic resection, subtotal or total colectomy
3. History of \>3 small bowel resections or diagnosis of short bowel syndrome
4. Ileostomy, colostomy, or known fixed symptomatic stenosis of the intestine
5. Have received non permitted IBD therapies within either 30 or 60 days, depending on the medication, as stated in the protocol
6. Chronic hepatitis B or C infection
7. Active or latent tuberculosis
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18 to 80
* Diagnosis of moderately to severely active Crohn's disease
* Crohn's Disease involvement of the ileum and/or colon
* Demonstrated, over the previous 5 year period, an inadequate response to, loss of response to, or intolerance of at least one conventional therapy as defined by the protocol
* May be receiving a therapeutic dose of conventional therapies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as defined by the protocol

Exclusion Criteria

* Evidence of abdominal abscess at the initial screening visit
* Extensive colonic resection, subtotal or total colectomy
* History of \>3 small bowel resections or diagnosis of short bowel syndrome
* Ileostomy, colostomy, or known fixed symptomatic stenosis of the intestine
* Have received non permitted therapies within either 30 or 60 days, depending on the medication, as stated in the protocol
* Chronic hepatitis B or C infection; human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
* Active or latent tuberculosis

Answer: A