Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Minimally Invasive or Open Surgery for Lung Cancer: Pain, Quality of Life and Economics.
Brief Summary: Is thoracoscopic surgery better than traditional open surgery for lung cancer?

Video assisted thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer (VATS) is presumed to be less traumatic than traditional open surgery for lung cancer but this has never been documented in a randomized trial. Some surgeons hesitate to use VATS because it is technically more demanding, others question if the two methods are oncologically equal. Regardless, VATS has been implemented as a routine method for lung cancer surgery several places around the world including Odense University Hospital. The investigators have launched the first randomized controlled trial in the world comparing the two surgical methods to investigate any differences in length of hospitalization, postoperative pain, life quality within the first year, and health economics.

The investigators include patients with stage I and II lung cancer, and randomize between VATS and open surgery in a design where both the patient and doctors doing general rounds in the ward are blinded until discharge because the dressing on the surgical wound is identical, regardless of the surgical method. The surgeon cannot influence clinical decisions including time to discharge, which is decided by other specialist surgeons. Pain evaluation is performed 6 times daily using the VAS-score, life quality is evaluated continuously during the first 12 months using EQ5D and EORTC QLQC-30 questionnaires, and the consumption of analgetics in both groups are monitored via the national prescription database.

Parallel to this trial a similar clinical study, which is also the first of its kind in the world, has been launched for patients with lung cancers not eligible for VATS. They are randomized between the two traditional open surgical methods (anterolateral and posterolateral thoracotomy) - this is also blinded to both patient and doctors doing rounds until discharge from hospital, and endpoint are similar in the two studies.

206 patients have been randomized in the first substudy (VATS vs. open) and 88 in the second substudy (posterolateral vs. anterolateral).


Options:
A: Arm Label: Inspiratory muscle training; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Inspiratory muscle training, Other: Placebo comparator: standard physiotherapy | Arm Label: Standard physiotherapy; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Placebo comparator: standard physiotherapy | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Inspiratory muscle training; Assigned to Arm(s): Inspiratory muscle training | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Placebo comparator: standard physiotherapy; Assigned to Arm(s): Inspiratory muscle training, Standard physiotherapy
B: Arm Label: Physical training; Type: OTHER; Interventions: Other: Physical training | Arm Label: As usual; Type: OTHER; Interventions: Other: As usual | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Physical training; Assigned to Arm(s): Physical training | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: As usual; Assigned to Arm(s): As usual
C: Arm Label: PLEACE 1; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Anterolateral thoracotomy, Procedure: Posterolateral thoracotomy | Arm Label: PLEACE 2; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: VATS, Procedure: Anterolateral Thoracotomy | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Anterolateral thoracotomy; Assigned to Arm(s): PLEACE 1 | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Posterolateral thoracotomy; Assigned to Arm(s): PLEACE 1 | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: VATS; Assigned to Arm(s): PLEACE 2 | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Anterolateral Thoracotomy; Assigned to Arm(s): PLEACE 2
D: Arm Label: Resistance training; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Exercise | Arm Label: Control; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Exercise; Assigned to Arm(s): Resistance training

Answer: C