Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Role Of Lactobacillus Reuteri in Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Brief Summary: Probiotics are favorable microorganisms that regulate the flora of the gastrointestinal system and stimulate the immune system. Necrotizing enterocolitis incidence is 10-25% in newborn infants whose birth weights are \< 1500 g. Although bifidobacterium and other lactobacilli spp. have been used to reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in clinical trials, Lactobacillus reuteri has not been used in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants yet. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of orally administered Lactobacillus reuteri in reducing the incidence and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants.


Options:
A: Inclusion criteria

* Gestational age between 26 weeks and 31 weeks
* Birth weight between 700 to 1600 g
* Eutrophic infants (weight between -2 to 2 DS, Usher curves)
* Admitted to one of the participating hospital unit within the 8 days following the birth, the birth date equals the 1st day of life.
* Still on parenteral feeding or infusion on the 5th day of birth

Non inclusion criteria

* Digestive disorders \> or equal to 1b on Bell stage
* Severe intra-ventricular haemorrhage (stage 3-4) before 5th day of life.
* Severe malformations or digestive malformations
* No antenatal corticosteroid therapy
* Severe medical or surgical disorder affecting the absorption, digesting and as a result the growth (Hirschsprung disease, lactose intolerance, cow milk protein allergy, mucoviscidosis).
* Parents geographical distance preventing the hospitalization follow-up in the hospital participating unit (geographical distance planned before the infant reaches 1500 g or 32 weeks of gestational age)

Exclusion criteria

* Enteral/Oral feeding termination during more than 72 hours due to severe digestive disorders (\> or equal to 2a on Bell stage )
* Serious digestive surgery
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Very low birth weight infants \< 1500 gr
* Gestational age \< 32 weeks

Exclusion Criteria:

* Genetic anomalies
* Short bowel syndrome
* Not willing to participate
* Allergy to Lactobacillus reuteri components
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. newborns (\< 2 weeks of life)
2. 32 Weeks of Gestation,
3. weight \< 1500g,
4. Enteral nutrition begun,
5. Clinical stability,
6. Signed consent form from both parents.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. newborns (\>= 2 weeks of life),
2. weight \>= 1500g,
3. pathology avoiding the start of the enteral nutrition,
4. other pathologies of those due to premature and its complications,
5. No signed consent form.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Admission to the NICU
* Written parental consent
* Birth weight \< 2000 grams
* Hemodynamically stable
* \< 48 hours of age

Exclusion Criteria:

* Evidence or suspicion of congenital intestinal obstruction or perforation
* Prenatal or postnatal diagnosis of gastroschisis, large omphalocele, or congenital diaphragmatic hernia
* Major congenital heart defects
* Anticipated transfer to a NICU not involved in the study

Answer: B