Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: ASPIS-Austrian Polyintervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Decline After Ischemic Stroke
Brief Summary: Aim of this randomized controlled study is to test if intensive polyintervention therapy including life style modifications targeting at reduction of modifiable risk factors of stroke can reduce the risk of post-stroke cognitive decline compared to a group of patients receiving standard care.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* age between 18-90 years old
* hemisyndrome (central paralysis of the upper extremity, and all degrees of weakness: M0 - M5 on the paresis scale) as a result of a first stroke
* sub-acute lesion not more than 6 weeks post ictus

Exclusion Criteria:

* insufficient state of consciousness
* severe aphasia
* severe cognitive deficits
* severe pathologies of the upper extremity of traumatic or rheumatic nature
* severe pain in the affected arm
* Patients with pacemakers and other active implants
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* patient at REHAB Basel
* brain-injury
* willing to participate in animal-assisted therapies
* physical and psychological resilience and ability to go/be transported outside to the "Therapie-Tiergarten"
* ability to get in contact with the animal autonomously

Exclusion Criteria:

* medical contraindications:allergies, phobias, etc.
* no willingness to participate in animal-assisted therapies
* patient might present a danger to the animals (aggressive behaviour)
* patient's medication changes radically during the time of data collection
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Symptomatic ischemic stroke with clinical syndrome of stroke and a corresponding ischemic lesion.
* MRI or CT results compatible with clinical diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke
* NIH Stroke Scale Score on admission 1 to 14, both inclusive
* Modified Rankin Scale before stroke 0 to 2, inclusive
* Randomization within 3 months after stroke onset (goal: 80% within 3 weeks)
* Sufficient communication possible
* Informed consent given by the patient and/or the patient's legally acceptable representative

Exclusion Criteria:

* Substantial cognitive decline (Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score \> 24) or pre-existing dementia or Parkinson disease
* Persistent disturbed level of consciousness
* Persistent aphasia
* Pre-existing significant psychiatric diseases (i.e. Schizophrenia, Major Depression, Bipolar Disorders, all according to DSMIV); Patients with minor Depression (DSM IV) can be included
* Severe sensory impairment making neuropsychological testing impossible
* Severe comorbidity (e.g. unstable or severe cardiovascular or pulmonal disease, neoplasm, severe liver or renal insufficiency and symptomatic stenosis of the ipsilateral carotid artery, cancer...)
* Unreliability for follow up
* Unwillingness or inability to participate or to sign the informed consent
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke
* Modified Rankin Score (mRS) of \<4 at screening
* Recently discharged from the hospital or rehabilitation program
* Male or female ≥18 years of age
* Less than ideal physical activity ≥ 3 months prior to enrollment (less than ideal physical (as defined by the American Heart Association)
* Able to walk ≥10 meters with or without assistance

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unable to follow instructions for exercise and cognitive interventions
* Any uncontrolled medical condition expected to limit life expectancy or interfere with participation in the trial (i.e. unstable cancer, severe depression or anxiety by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria)
* Abnormal stress test, as determined by the treating physician (unless cardiology clearance provided)
* Active substance abuse or alcohol dependence
* Less than 6th grade reading level
* Uncorrected vision or hearing deficits that would preclude administration of the cognitive measures
* Unwilling or unable to provide written informed consent

Answer: C