Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Mindfulness for Symptom Reduction: A Transplant Candidate Study in Program Grant Studies of Organ Transplantation in Animals and Man 2P01 DK013083
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to determine whether telephone-adapted Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (tMBSR) - a program of mindfulness meditation and gentle Hatha yoga delivered mostly by phone, is an effective program to reduce symptoms (anxiety, depression, sleep) and improve quality of life for people waiting for a kidney transplant. Participants will be randomly assigned to tMBSR or to a support group emphasizing communication skills and selecting resources. Both 8-week programs include an initial in-person meeting, 6 weekly teleconference calls, and conclude with an in-person meeting. Participants will complete questionnaires at 3 timepoints over 6 months, and if they receive a transplant, will complete additional questionnaires. Participants will complete sleep diaries and wear Actiwatches (similar to a wristwatch) for one week before programs start, and when programs end, to measure sleep. Participants will provide saliva samples, over 3 days before programs start, and again when programs end, to measure salivary cortisol, an indicator of stress. tMBSR participants will record daily home meditation practice.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* For phase 1: all renal transplant recipients transplanted at the University Hospital Basel, Bern and Zurich, speaking German and having an actual address on the follow-up list of the ambulatory center list.
* Renal transplant recipients who have poor Sleep quality and /or daytime sleepiness (phase 1: Cross sectional survey study) and had a Sleep assessment (phase 2: Cross sectional diagnostic interview study)
* Renal transplant recipients who participated in Phase 1 and 2 that were diagnosed with sleep wake dysregulation
* Renal transplant recipients with signed written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* RTx recipients, who participated in phase 2, will be excluded in the study if

  * they were diagnosed with sleep disorders as parasomnia, breathing disorders or movement disorders.
  * they were diagnosed with alcohol or substance abuse
  * they are blind or suffer from a severe vision impairment (cataract), which possibly limits the effect of the light intervention and patients taking photosensitive medications
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Candidate on the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) wait list for a kidney or kidney-pancreas or evaluated as eligible for candidacy at the UMN
* Aged 18 or older
* English-speaking
* Literate
* Mentally intact
* Able to use the telephone to participate in 6 weekly teleconferences
* Able to attend 2 in-person classes in a Minnesota Metro area
* Able to comply with study monitoring requirements
* Receiving standard medical follow-up care
* Willing to complete the informed consent process

Exclusion Criteria:

* Prior transplant
* Medically unstable (a hospital admission for non-elective purposes in the last 3 months or major non-transplant surgery planned in the next 3 months)
* Serious preexisting mental health issues: suicidality or thought disorder/psychosis; or delirium or substance abuse
* Not expected to be on the waiting list \> 3 months (e.g., acceptable living donor has been identified and scheduled)
* Prior MBSR class or regularly practicing mindfulness meditation (twice a week or more)
* Not receiving standard medical care.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Incident or prevalent patients requiring maintenance haemodialysis therapy for ESKD
2. Aged 18 years or older
3. Undergoing dialysis for 18 hours per week or less
4. Suitable for either extended or standard dialysis in the view of the treating physician
5. Agreeable to randomisation

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Life expectancy of less than 6 months
2. Definite plans to undergo renal transplantation within 12 months of entry to the study
3. Inability to complete quality of life questionnaire
4. Concomitant major illness that would limit assessments and followup
5. High chance that the patient will not adhere to study treatment and follow up in the view of the treating physician.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Aged 18\~75 years
* On regular dialysis ( 2 - 3 sessions weekly, 4 hours each session, total weekly dialysis hours ≥ 10 hours) for more than 3 months (but less than 10 years)
* Insomnia according to The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)
* Global score of PSQI \> 7
* Informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Presence of co-morbidities including cancer, congestive heart failure, connective tissue disease and hematologic diseases;
* Inadequately dialyzed, indicating by urea clearance index (KT/V) \< 1.20;
* Presence of severe physical symptoms such as bone pain, itchy skin, sleep apnea and restless legs which are obviously causative for insomnia; and weary condition caused by severe anemia (hemoglobin\<60g/L) or malnutrition (serum albumin\<30g/L).
* Infections of external ears or malformed ears.

Answer: B