Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Dexamethasone Versus Placebo in Optimizing the Postoperative Period After Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair
Brief Summary: Does corticosteroid (dexamethasone) have an effect on the postoperative period after laparoscopic hernia repair, when it comes to pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting and convalescence. This randomized, double-blinded study compares dexamethasone versus placebo. The patients are recommended one day of convalescence. The medicine or placebo is given before operation. The patients fill out questionnaire before operation and three hours after operation and in the following three days. The patients also register when they return to normal activities and work.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery.
* Patient who takes fentanyl based IV PCA
* ASA class I-II

Exclusion Criteria:

* allergy to aprepitant
* take another antiemetics before surgery
* decreased liver function
* psychological disease
* who cannot speak Korean
* take medicines that interacts with emend who do not agree to the study
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Females
* Ages 18 to 65 years old

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who is taking steroid or who had been treated for the gastrointestinal disease
* Patients who have troubles with the kidney or liver
* Patients transferring to the ICU after the surgery
* overfat patients
* Patients who had taken antiemetics within 24 hours before the surgery
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* patients ≥ 18 \< 75 years
* ASA physical status I-II
* planned duration of anesthesia ≥ 60 minutes
* Apfel score ≥ 2-3
* elective (laparoscopic) surgery (abdominal, gynecological)
* women: with a highly effective contraception, defined as methods with a pearl index \< 1 (i.e. hormonal contraceptives, IUD)

Exclusion Criteria:

* history of hypersensitivity to any used drugs or additive components used for preparation and stabilization of the named drugs in this trial
* history or reasonable suspicion of malignant hyperthermia and/or degenerative neuromuscular disease, in the subject observed or blood relatives
* history of liver function disorders, leucocytosis and unclear fever after usage of halogenated anesthetics.
* any indisposition that may be aggravated by the use of the drugs investigated:
* liver and/or kidney function disorders
* severe acute or chronic infectious disease (i.e. viral, bacterial, fungal)
* elevated intracranial pressure
* history of gastrointestinal ulcer(s) or inflammatory bowel disease
* severe metabolic disorders
* hematoporphyria
* glaucoma
* hearing disorders
* any disease including air-filled closed cavities, such as pneumothorax, ileus
* pregnancy and lactation period
* subjects under the age of 18 years
* ambulatory surgery
* any disease that is associated with the requirement of a high oxygen yield and/or
* risk of high oxygen consumption:
* severe lung and/or airway disease
* coronary heart disease and/or seriously impaired cardiac function
* severe psychiatric disorder
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* patients planned for elective laparoscopic hernia repair (TAPP)
* Unilateral inguinal or femoral hernia
* ASA class I-II
* Read and speak Danish

Exclusion Criteria:

* Acute hernia operation
* Operation for other hernias with mesh during the same procedure
* Endocrine disease (diabetes, adrenal insufficiency etc.)
* fever/infection within the first 10 days before operation
* Poor compliance
* No signed consent form
* Daily intake of opioids or anxiolytic drugs
* Manic episodes
* Use medicine against glaucoma
* Use thiazide or loop diuretics
* Vaccination within the last 14 days

Answer: D