Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Implementation of the Canadian C-Spine Rule: Phase III
Brief Summary: Many thousands of trauma patients are seen in Canadian emergency departments each year. On rare occasions, such patients have a broken neck (cervical spine fracture) but in 98 percent of cases the xrays ordered by the doctors are normal. The total cost of inexpensive but high volume tests such as neck x-rays adds considerably to rising health care costs. In addition, these patients are often immobilized with uncomfortable backboards and collars for many hours, tying up valuable space and time in our crowded emergency departments.

This research group recently developed and tested a highly accurate and reliable guideline called the Canadian C-Spine Rule to help physicians be much more selective in their use of neck x-rays and to minimize the period of immobilization. This research project will evaluate the true effectiveness of the Rule when implemented with simple and inexpensive measures. This study will involve 14,000 patients in 12 busy emergency departments across Canada.

This Canadian C-Spine Rule is designed to allow physicians to be much more selective in their use of neck xrays without the risk of missing a fracture or dislocation of the neck and to reduce the length of time of immobilization. Widespread use of the guideline could lead to large savings for our health care systems without jeopardizing patients and could greatly expedite care of trauma patients in our crowded emergency departments.


Options:
A: Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: counseling intervention; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: screening colonoscopy; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
B: Arm Label: A; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Reminders and opinion leader generated guidelines +/- leaflets and counselling | Arm Label: B; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Usual Care | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Reminders and opinion leader generated guidelines +/- leaflets and counselling; Assigned to Arm(s): A | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Usual Care; Assigned to Arm(s): B
C: Arm Label: physician chart reminder; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Physician chart reminder | Arm Label: chart reminder, educational mat'ls, FIT; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Physician chart reminder, Behavioral: chart reminder, educational mat'ls, FIT | Arm Label: CR, ed mat'ls, FIT, phone call; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Physician chart reminder, Behavioral: CR,ed mat'ls, FIT, phone call | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Physician chart reminder; Assigned to Arm(s): CR, ed mat'ls, FIT, phone call, chart reminder, educational mat'ls, FIT, physician chart reminder | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: chart reminder, educational mat'ls, FIT; Assigned to Arm(s): chart reminder, educational mat'ls, FIT | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: CR,ed mat'ls, FIT, phone call; Assigned to Arm(s): CR, ed mat'ls, FIT, phone call
D: Arm Label: Arm 1; Type: OTHER; Interventions: Behavioral: Use of Xrays for diagnosis | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Use of Xrays for diagnosis; Assigned to Arm(s): Arm 1

Answer: D