Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Efficacy and Safety of a Hospital Walking Program for Older Adults
Brief Summary: Low mobility, defined as being limited to bed or chair, is common during acute hospitalization. This study will evaluate the impact and safety of a hospital walking program for older patients during acute general medical hospitalization. Participants who are 65 years of age or older, will be randomized to usual care (UC) or to a hospital walking program (WP), which includes twice daily walks with assistance, provision of necessary ambulatory devices, and a behavioral intervention strategy designed to encourage out of bed activity. Throughout hospitalization, the WP and UC veterans will were wireless monitors on the thigh and ankle that measure activity. The primary goal will be in increase the length of time veterans spend out of bed and to assure this out of bed activity is safe.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Men and women aged ≥ 70 years old
* Able to speak and understand Danish
* Expected length of stay \> 3 days (evaluated by medical staff at department)
* Ability to stand independently without walking aids
* Admitted to the medical departments of Gentofte or Herlev Hospital or Rigshospitalet-Glostrup

Exclusion Criteria:

* Active cancer
* Renal insufficiency (eGFR \< 30 mL/min/1.73m2)
* Cognitive impairment (not able to comprehend the purpose of the study/give informed consent)
* Terminal disease
* Exclusively receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition
* Milk/lactose allergy or intolerance
* Planning to lose weight/go on a special diet
* Planned transfer to other hospitals/departments
* Pacemaker/other implanted electrical stimulants (due to Bio-Impedance Analysis (BIA) measurements)
* Not being able to lie still in seven minutes (only an exclusion criteria in the sub-study)
* Withdrawal criteria: Death during admission (does not apply to subsequent admissions)
* Withdrawal criteria: Discharge/transfer from the medical department before the intervention has started
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age: 65 years or older.
* Able to ambulate, with or without personal/ technical assistance.
* Able to communicate.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Expected length of stay \<72 hours
* Patients permanently bedridden prior to admission
* Any factor precluding performance of the physical training program. These factors include, but are not limited to the following:

  * Terminal illness.
  * Unstable cardiovascular disease or other medical condition.
  * Severe dementia.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age greater or equal to 65 years;
2. Admitted to the Birmingham VAMC for a medical condition

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Delirious based on positive Confusion Assessment Method (CAM);
2. Mini-Cognitive Assessment score indicating dementia;
3. Inability to ambulate 2 weeks prior to admission;
4. Having a medical diagnosis deemed by the primary physician to be a contraindication to ambulation;
5. patient with an imminently terminal illness; and
6. Non-English speaking
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation for at least four days.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Recent myocardial infarction within the last 3 weeks, presence of signs or symptoms of unstable angina or history of unstable arrhythmias including ventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation (HR \> 100 bpm).
* Recent history of pulmonary embolism within the last six weeks.
* History of severe aortic stenosis.
* Presence of a dissecting aortic aneurysm.
* Significant language barrier that would limit the ability to participate in the physical therapy program.
* Patients who live greater than 45 miles from the University of Colorado Hospital.
* Underlying disorder that makes it unlikely that the patient will survive 6 months.
* Severe physical or cognitive impairment that would impair their ability to exercise.

Answer: C