Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Efficacy of High Dose Atorvastatin Loading in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Brief Summary: Although statin prior to PCI has favorable effects in stable angina and ACS except ST elevation MI (STEMI), there have been few studies for STEMI. Celik T et al. reported in patients with STEMI that prior statin use may improve coronary blood flow after PCI in patients with AMI, possibly by its beneficial effects on microvascular function. But this study was retrospective, non-randomized study and evaluated the effects for chronic statin therapy not acute high dose effect. Therefore, the investigators investigated whether acute high-dose statin prior to primary PCI in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction can have beneficial effect or not for periprocedural period and 30 days-cardiac events.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. The patient must be at least 18 years and 80 years of age.
2. The patient had the symptoms of acute myocardial infarction within 12 hours with ST segment elevation of more than 1 mm in at least two contiguous leads of EKG or new onset LBBB.
3. The patient or guardian agrees to the study protocol and provides informed, written consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients to whom PCI can not be undergone within 12 hours from receiving the study drug
2. Cardiogenic shock or symptomatic hypotension or sitting SBP \< 95 mmHg
3. The history of major surgery, trauma, retinal hemorrhage, significant gastrointestinal or genitourinary bleeding within recent 6 weeks; history of cerebrovascular attack within two years, or cerebrovascular attack with a significant residual neurological deficit
4. History of cerebrovascular attack within two years, or cerebrovascular attack with a significant residual neurological deficit
5. Severe or malignant hypertension (= sitting SBP \> 180 mmHg and/or sitting DBP \> 105 mmHg)
6. The history or diagnosis of vasculitis; renal insufficiency (the level of serum creatinine is two times higher than the upper limit of normal of each center)
7. The patients who might die of other disease than cardiac disease during the trial.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Cardiac surgical patients in whom the use of cardiopulmonary bypass was planned
* Written informed consent of patient
* Age \> 18 years
* And having at least one ore more of the following risk factors for postoperative AKI:

  * Age =/\> 70 years
  * Preoperative plasma creatinine \>120 µmol/L, New York Heart Association class III/IV or LVEF \<35%
  * Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
  * Valve surgery (with or without coronary artery bypass graft)
  * Redo cardiac surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

* An emergency operation is indicated (within 24 hours after hospital admission or on intra-aortic balloon pump)
* Pregnancy is confirmed or breastfeeding is present
* A renal allograft is present
* Preoperative acute renal failure within 6 weeks (acute rise in serum creatinine \> 50% from baseline) is present
* Pre-operative end stage renal disease (serum creatinine \> 300 µmol/L) is present
* Chronic moderate to high dose corticosteroid therapy (\>10 mg/d prednisone or equivalent) is present
* Known Allergy to Atorvastatin
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* cyanotic congenital heart disease
* noncyanotic congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension
* Heart valve disease,
* other heart and great artery diseases need heart or great artery surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

* Coronary artery disease
* under 10-year-old.
* noncyanotic congenital heart disease without pulmonary hypertension
* poor liver function such AST elevated,Hepatitis
* Gestation women and Breast-feeding women
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* consecutive patients scheduled for the elective off-pump CABG surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

* prior statin use
* previous episodes of atrial fibrillation
* impaired renal function with serum creatinine \>2mg/dL
* serum aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase concentrations more than 3 times the upper limit of normal
* a malignancy or inflammatory disease

Answer: A