Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Prospective, Randomized Study on the Skin Functional Parameters to Assess Skin Barrier Improvement After the Use of a Commercially Available Oil Bath Containing 84.75% Soybean Oil Compared to no Bath Additive
Brief Summary: Epidermis that lacks moisture and/or sebum presents as dry skin, which is often characterized by a pattern of fine lines, scaling and itching. In dry skin, the barrier function may be compromised. Skin care practices to decrease the risk of development of dry skin and/or to improve dry skin condition have barely been investigated. Bathing with bath oils has been shown to increase skin hydration, thus helping to stabilize skin barrier function. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of bathing every other day on the skin barrier. Functional parameters, such as TEWL, stratum corneum hydration (SCH) and skin-pH (pH) were measured to characterize skin barrier function.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Able to consume solid food
* Allergy to eggs and/or severe eczema
* Informed consent obtained from parent or guardian.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Clinically significant chronic illness. Participants with eczema or recurrent wheeze are not excluded.
* Positive skin prick test for peanut allergen with a wheel diameter greater than 4 mm in the presence of a negative saline control
* Previous or current consumption of peanut protein that exceeds 0.2 g of peanut protein on at least one occasion or 0.5 g over a single week
* Investigator-suspected allergy to peanut protein
* Investigator-suspected allergy to peanut protein in care provider or current household member.
* Diagnosis of persistent asthma
* ALT (SGPT) or bilirubin greater than 2 times the upper limit of age-related normal value
* BUN or creatinine greater than 1.25 times the upper limit of age-related normal value
* Platelet count less than 100,000/mL, hemoglobin less than 9 g/dL, or investigator-suspected immunocompromise
* Unwillingness or inability to comply with study requirements and procedures
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Born between 34 weeks + 0 days and 36 weeks + 6 days (late preterms),
* With a body weight of over 2000g,
* Spontaneous breathing,
* Preterms with stable physiological parameters

Exclusion Criteria:

* Receiving mechanical ventilation support,
* HIV, Hepatitis B mother baby,
* Preterms bathed before the intervention,
* Surgical procedure and incision in any region,
* Preterms with central catheters,
* Preterms with systemic infection,
* Preterms using sedative and / or muscle relaxants,
* Preterms with congenital, chromosomal abnormalities
C: Inclusion Criteria:

Infants will be eligible for this study if their mother, father, or an older sibling has a self-reported history of at least one of the following conditions:

* asthma,
* eczema/atopic dermatitis,
* hay fever/ allergic rhinitis or
* food allergy

Exclusion Criteria: infants with any of the following will be excluded:

* A parent who has a known hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of EpiCeram™ will be excluded, as it would be difficult for these parents to apply EpiCeram™ to their infant, and there is likely to be an increased risk of the infant reacting to the cream.
* Multiple births (twins, triplets etc.) will be excluded, due to the difficulty in randomising individual twins and because of the clustering effect of multiple children from the same family which would reduce the effective sample size of the study.
* Who are born premature (\<36 weeks) as the effect of the intervention may be different in premature infants.
* Who have major birth or early life medical complications that require admission into a special care nursery, as it will be difficult for parents to comply with the study requirements.
* Whose parents do not have sufficient English language skills to be able to answer questions.
* Whose parents are not able to comply with all protocol required visits and procedures
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Signed informed consent, or children whose parent(s) or guardian(s) have given their written informed consent for their child's participation in the study
* Child specific written informed consent, if over 7 years of age
* Subjects with a general good and stable health condition
* Subjects with clinically stable medical conditions
* Accept to abstain from sunbathing and solarium during the study
* Overall Dry Skin score (ODS) of 1 to 2 at arms and lower legs
* TEWL \> 12 g/m2/h on the left mid volar forearm

Exclusion Criteria:

* Any dermatological condition or skin affection which may interfere with the study assessments, e.g. scars
* Suffering from porphyria
* Suffering from severe photodermatoses according to the judgment of the investigator
* Clinically significant, possibly unstable medical conditions such as metastatic tumor
* Currently having other malignant or benign tumors of the skin in the investigational area
* Any other acute or chronic pathology that may interfere with the study conduct in the investigator's opinion
* Known allergy or intolerance to any ingredients of the study product, e.g. propylene glycol
* Use of (medical) oil-containing bath additives or other oil-containing cleansers
* Current topical or systemic treatment affecting the skin, e.g. diuretics
* Treatment of dry and/or inflammatory skin conditions with topical corticosteroids during the 4 weeks before inclusion
* Systemic immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapy
* Topical retinoids applied during the 6 weeks before inclusion
* Topical application of immunosuppressive treatment during the 6 weeks before inclusion
* Therapeutic UV-Radiation during the 6 weeks before inclusion
* Increased UV-exposure during the 6 weeks before inclusion

Answer: D