Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: St. Vincent's Screening To Prevent Heart Failure (STOP-HF) Study Using Natriuretic Peptides to Identify and Prevent Progression of Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Community Based, Asymptomatic, At-risk Individuals.
Brief Summary: The STOP-HF study is a prospective, randomized, controlled trial recruiting asymptomatic individuals with risk factors for left ventricular dysfunction from 50 primary care clinics in Dublin and south east Ireland. It is designed to determine whether using natriuretic peptide measurement as a screening tool following a general cardiovascular risk factor screen will reduce the prevalence and severity of ventricular dysfunction in conjunction with specialist follow-up at St. Vincent's University Hospital.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* ≥40 Years of age
* with risk factors for LVD including:

  * hypertension (medicated for ≥ 1 month)
  * hypercholesterolemia
  * obesity
  * coronary artery disease (confirmed by angiography)
  * diabetes mellitus
  * arrhythmia
  * valvular abnormalities

Exclusion Criteria:

* failure or unwilling to provide informed consent
* known ventricular dysfunction (confirmed by angiography or echocardiography)
* previous documented episode of heart failure
B: Inclusion criteria Patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF), at moderate to high risk of stroke, or systemic embolism with at least one additional risk factor (i.e. previous ischemic stroke, TIA, or systemic embolism, left ventricular dysfunction, age \>=75 years, age \>=65 with either diabetes mellitus, history of coronary artery disease or hypertension)

Exclusion criteria

1. Prosthetic heart valves requiring anticoagulation per se, or hemodynamically relevant valve disease that is expected to require surgical intervention during the course of the study
2. Severe, disabling stroke within the previous 6 months, or any stroke within the previous 14 days
3. Conditions associated with an increased risk of bleeding
4. Contraindication to warfarin treatment
5. Reversible causes of atrial fibrillation (e.g., cardiac surgery, pulmonary embolism, untreated hyperthyroidism).
6. Plan to perform a pulmonary vein ablation or surgery for cure of the AF
7. Severe renal impairment (estimated creatinine clearance \<=30 mL/min)
8. Active infective endocarditis
9. Active liver disease
10. Women who are pregnant, lactating, or of childbearing potential who refuse to use a medically acceptable form of contraception throughout the study
11. Anaemia (haemoglobin \<100g/L) or thrombocytopenia (platelet count \<100 x 109/L)
12. Patients who have developed transaminase elevations upon exposure to ximelagatran
13. Patients who have received an investigational drug in the past 30 days or are participating in another drug study
14. Patients considered unreliable by the investigator concerning the requirements for follow-up during the study and/or compliance with study drug administration, has a life expectancy less than the expected duration of the trial due to concomitant disease, or has any condition which in the opinion of the investigator, would not allow safe participation in the study (e.g., drug addiction, alcohol abuse)
15. Any known hypersensitivity to galactose if the warfarin used contains galactose.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Clinical signs and symptoms of cardiac decompensation during the present hospitalisation
2. NYHA class III or IV at time of admission
3. Cardiothoracic ratio \> 0.5, and/or left ventricular ejection fraction \<40% documented by echocardiography

Exclusion Criteria:

-
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Admission because of congestive heart failure
* Elevated NT-proBNP levels on admission

Exclusion Criteria:

* Life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias
* Urgent intervention
* Severe lung disease
* Presence of life threatening disease
* Signed informed consent for other study
* Mental or physical status not allowing written informed consent.
* Unwillingness to give informed consent
* Patients undergoing haemodialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)

Answer: A