Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Same Day Community-based ART Initiation Versus Clinic-based Pre-ART Assessment and Counselling for Individuals Newly Tested HIV-positive During Community-based HIV Testing in Rural Lesotho - a Randomized Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: The CASCADE-trial is a two-armed open-label randomized controlled trial conducted in rural Lesotho. Participants who were tested HIV-positive during community-based HIV testing and counseling campaigns are randomized to the intervention or control arm. Allocation is 1:1 with parallel assignment.

Participants in the control arm follow the standard of care after a community-based HIV test result: They are referred to the nearest clinic where they will receive baseline laboratory testing and adherence counseling. After at least 2 clinic visits for adherence counseling they can start anti-retroviral therapy (ART). After ART-initiation they have to attend monthly follow-up at the clinic for drug refill. Individuals randomized to the intervention arm are proposed same day community-based ART initiation combined with less frequent follow-up visits. The primary outcomes are linkage to care at 3 months and viral suppression at 12 months after having tested HIV-positive during the community-based HIV testing and counseling campaigns.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult patients (\>18 years)
* Tested HIV-positive at study site's outpatient testing service or antenatal clinic on day of study enrollment or previously tested HIV-positive but making first visit to study site for HIV-related care or antenatal care for the current pregnancy
* Eligible for antiretroviral therapy under prevailing South African guidelines

Exclusion Criteria:

* Currently or previously on ART (three-drug combination; previous PMTCT regimen exposure for an earlier pregnancy is not an exclusion criterion)
* Stated intention to seek further HIV or antenatal care at another site, not at the study site
* Not physically or emotionally able to participate in the study, in the opinion of the investigators
* Not willing or able to provide written informed consent to participate in the study
* Previously screened for the same study
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Aged 16 and more
* Member of a household in the designated cluster within the Hlabisa sub-district of KwaZulu Natal in South Africa
* Able and willing to give written informed consent for trial participation and/or HIV counselling and testing
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* HIV-infected.
* Confirmed or probable TB (more information on the criterion can be found in the protocol).
* Chest x-ray within 30 days prior to study entry.
* Receipt of 1-14 cumulative days of rifampin- or other rifamycin-based TB treatment that was initiated within 28 days prior to study entry.
* CD4 count less than 250 cells/mm\^3 within 30 days prior to study entry.
* Willing to use acceptable methods of contraception while on study drugs and for 6 weeks after stopping these drugs.
* Able to swallow oral medications.
* Parent of guardian willing to provide informed consent, if applicable.
* Karnofsky performance score =\>20 at time of study entry.

Exclusion Criteria:

* ART for longer than 7 cumulative days prior to study entry or treatment for any period of time with one or more antiretrovirals. Participants who have taken ART during pregnancy or for occupational exposure are not excluded.
* Allergy or sensitivity to any of the study drugs or their formulations.
* History of multidrug-resistant TB.
* Receipt of any investigational therapy or chemotherapy within 30 days prior to study entry.
* Certain medications.
* Breastfeeding.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* HIV infection newly diagnosed during community-based HTC-campaigns
* Never been on triple-ART
* Lives and/or works in the district of Butha-Buthe and declares to seek follow-up at one of the 6 health facilities involved in the study
* Signed written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant or breast-feeding
* Already enrolled in chronic care for another disease, such as tuberculosis or diabetes
* Clinical WHO-stage 4 or active tuberculosis
* Positive cryptococcal antigen test

Answer: D