Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Psycho-Social Well Being Following Stroke - A Randomized Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: Multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) testing the effect of a dialogue-based psychosocial intervention for stroke acute survivors in primary care one to six months poststroke. Primary outcome is psycho-social health and wellbeing, measured by GHQ28 (primary outcome) and SAQoL (secondary outcome). 400 stroke survivors are randomized into intervention group or control group. Patients are followed up for 12 months.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male and female patients, 18 years or older
* English fluency and literacy
* Access to high speed internet for video sessions
* Patient with an informal cg (family or friend who provides unpaid care) available and willing to participate
* Hospitalized with an acute brain injury within 1-2 days when first approached, OR the primary caregiver of a patient currently admitted with an acute brain injury
* Either patient or caregiver within the dyads screens in for depression, anxiety, and/or PTSD

Exclusion Criteria:

* Permanent or severe cognitive impairment severe enough to impede participation - This will be determined by nurses through an assessment conducted as part of usual care (MMSE).
* Dyads where the patient is anticipated to die or to never be able to participate due to medical sequelae.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. First-time ischemic stroke with clinical and MRI or CT findings of basal ganglia ischemic stroke and a diagnosis of depression due to stroke based on The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) and The International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10-CM code 293.83\[F06.32\]);
2. Aged 25-75 years with a recent (from 3 weeks to 3 months) ischemic stroke;
3. Clear signs of neurological deficits in the acute phase;
4. Clear consciousness;
5. Right-handedness.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Aphasia or severe cognitive impairment, severe hearing impairment, or severe language comprehension deficits due to other causes;
2. Other cerebral diseases such as Parkinson's disease, encephalitis, dementia, multiple sclerosis, head injury, ect.;
3. Severe systemic disease or ongoing neoplasia;
4. Ongoing post-operative recovery;
5. Prior history of depressive disorders or major trauma within 1 year, severe depression or any other severe mental disorders;
6. Current or prior antidepressant use for any reason;
7. Addiction to drugs, alcohol or other substances;
8. Contraindications of MRI scan and rTMS treatment such as pacemaker implantation, a history of epilepsy, major head trauma, and seizures, ect;
9. Pregnant or breast-feeding women;
10. Participation in other clinical research projects;
11. Refusal to sign informed consent of this study.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults older than 20 years
* Patients with acute stroke (ischemic stroke or cerebral hemorrhage) confirmed by neuroimaging within 21 days after stroke onset
* Patients with hemorrhagic transformation of infarcted tissue will not be included, but if investigators judge the risk of bleeding is small (i.e., reduced amount of blood in follow-up neuroimaging) those patients can be enrolled.
* Patients with MRS ≥ 2 on screening
* Patients without definite history of depression
* Patients who fulfill the following criteria in the K-MADRS test:

The combined score of the 9th question (pessimistic thoughts) and the 10th question (suicidal idea) ≤ 7 The score of the 10th question \< 6

* Patients without serious communication problem
* Patients who agree to participate in this trial

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with MRS 0 or 1 on screening
* Patients who have definite history of depression or have taken antidepressants
* Patients who have been diagnosed as having bipolar disorder or other psychiatric disorders
* Patients with severe dementia or aphasia. However, those who have motor aphasia but are still communicable can be enrolled
* Patients who have taken migraine medication on screening or those who are expected to take migraine medication frequently due to severe migraine
* Patients who have strong suicidal idea on screening test or those who express their wish to be treated for depression
* Patients who are considered to be treated for depression by charged physicians
* Patients who need SSRI medication for other reasons
* Patients who have taken antiepileptic drugs on screening
* Patients who have a history of traumatic brain injury, brain tumor, or other brain disease (except stroke) within 30 days prior to screening
* Patients with uncommon causes of stroke (e.g. subarachnoid hemorrhage, venous thrombosis, arteriovenous malformation, or Moyamoya disease)
* Patients with bleeding diathesis, hemophilia, or thrombocytopenia
* Patients with severe concomitant illness (e.g. liver disease, renal disease, malignancy)
* Patients with abnormal blood tests Abnormal LFT (ALT \> 200 or AST \> 200) Anemia (Hb \< 8 mg/dl) or thrombocytopenia (\<100,000/mm3) Renal insufficiency (Cr \> 3.0 mg/dl) or renal failure requiring dialysis Patients with severe heart failure (NYHA class III or IV) NYHA classification for heart failure Class I : patients with no limitation of activities; they suffer no symptoms from Ordinary activities Class II : patients with slight, mild limitation of activity; they are comfortable with rest or with mild exertion Class III : patients with marked limitation of activity; they are comfortable only at rest Class IV : patients who should be at complete rest, confined to bed or chair; any activity brings on
* Pregnant or lactating patients
* Patients who are participating in another clinical trial, but those who are participating in the observational study can be enrolled
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* being adults (over 18 years old),
* suffered an acute stroke within the last month,
* medically stable,
* sufficient cognitive functioning to participate (assessed by their physician/stroke team and acceptable Raven's score (see below),
* interested in participating,
* able to understand and speak Norwegian, and
* able to give informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* moderate to severe dementia or other serious disease.

Persons with aphasia will be examined by a speech therapist and excluded if they have significant impressive aphasia or severe expressive aphasia inconsistent with participating in the dialogues.

Answer: D