Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Rapid Identification and Phenotypic Susceptibility Testing for Gram-Negative Bacteremia (RAPIDS-GN)
Brief Summary: RAPIDS-GN is a multi-center, prospective, randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the following strategies for patients with confirmed gram-negative bacillus bacteremia (GNB):

1. Standard culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST); or
2. Rapid identification and AST using the Accelerate PhenoTest™ BC Kit, performed on the Accelerate Pheno™ System (AXDX)


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Positive blood culture with Gram stain showing GNB identified during local laboratory business hours.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Identification of GNB outside of local laboratory business hours (e.g. whenever laboratories are staffed to perform both rapid testing and routine testing)
* Positive blood culture for GNB at the same institution within prior 7 days (if known at the time of randomization).
* Deceased at the time of randomization.
* GNB plus gram-positive organism, gram-negative cocci, and/or yeast detected on Gram stain
* Previous enrollment in this study
* No Minnesota research authorization (Rochester site only)
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* ICU patients ≥18 years.
* With a suspected pneumonia (according to CPIS definition), primary blood-stream infection (according to CDC definition), and/or urinary tract infection (according to IDSA Guidelines).
* And presence of ≥2 GNB/field on direct examination of a respiratory sample (quantitative bronchial aspirate with an available volume ≥ 1mL), urinary sample or blood culture.
* Leading to an empirical carbapenem prescription, not administered for more than 6 hours when considering the inclusion of the patient.
* Written informed consent signed by the patient / the trustworthy person / the next-of-kin / close relative, or inclusion in case of emergency and written informed consent will been signed by the patient as soon as possible.
* Patients affiliated to French social security.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnancy.
* Allergy to beta-lactams.
* Patients already treated with ongoing carbapenems for another documented infection, blocking carbapenem de-escalation.
* Patients included in another interventional study.
* Patients in whom a procedure of withdrawing life-sustaining treatment was decided before inclusion.
* Moribund patients.
* Patients with aplasia.
* Patients under tutorship/curatorship or patient deprived of freedom
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* adults 18 years or older with community onset abscess

Exclusion Criteria:

* previous treatment for same abscess in past 14 days
* postoperative infection
* inability to provide informed consent
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age≥ 18 years
* Written signed and dated inform consent
* First time with fever observed in a neutropenic patient
* Severe sepsis in a patient hospitalized in ICU
* Suspicion of infective endocarditis
* Microbial investigation from Monday to Friday

Exclusion Criteria:

* Not affiliated to Health Insurance (social security)
* Included in another interventional trial testing microbial DNA detection during the time "without Septifast®"
* Included in another clinical trial for which the clinician assumes that it will not be possible to prescribe an anti-infectious therapy adequately to microbial detection in the blood
* Patient previously included in the protocol
* Sepsis with a microbial diagnosis

Answer: A