Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Intermittent Fasting for Metabolic Health, Does Meal Timing Matter?
Brief Summary: Obesity is a serious medical condition, the adverse consequences of which include increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, reduced fertility and cancer. The economic cost of obesity was placed at $58 billion dollars in Australia in 2008. Studies in mice and non-human primates have shown that moderate caloric restriction (CR) increases lifespan and reduces the incidence of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and type 2 diabetes. Reduced risk of chronic diseases is also observed in humans following CR. However, daily CR is difficult to maintain long term, since the body defends against weight loss by inducing "metabolic adaptation" and altering the hormonal appetite response. An emerging number of studies are examining the effects of limiting food intake to prescribed time periods per day, or every other day. Intermittent, or time restricted feeding describes a dieting approach where food is available ad libitum, however only for a limited period of time (i.e. 3-12 hours). This study will examine the effects of fasting for 15h/day and eating for 9-h per day on glycemic control and metabolic health. This study will build on the existing knowledge base in humans as to whether meal timing, rather than caloric restriction per se, is important to provide the stimulus required to improve metabolic health and reduce risk of chronic disease. Moreover, it will examine whether restricting feeding to later in the day is of lesser benefit to health.


Options:
A: Arm Label: TRF-b; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Lifestyle intervention B | Arm Label: TRF-d; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Lifestyle Intervention D | Arm Label: Baseline; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Lifestyle intervention B; Assigned to Arm(s): TRF-b | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Lifestyle Intervention D; Assigned to Arm(s): TRF-d
B: Arm Label: Alternate day fasting (ADF); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Alternate day fasting | Arm Label: Calorie restriction (CR); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Calorie restriction | Arm Label: Control; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Control diet | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Alternate day fasting; Assigned to Arm(s): Alternate day fasting (ADF) | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Calorie restriction; Assigned to Arm(s): Calorie restriction (CR) | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Control diet; Assigned to Arm(s): Control
C: Arm Label: Time restricted feeding; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Time restricted feeding | Arm Label: Control; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Time restricted feeding; Assigned to Arm(s): Time restricted feeding
D: Arm Label: Experimental Group 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Time Restrictive Feeding, Behavioral: Traditional Eating Pattern | Arm Label: Experimental Group 2; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Time Restrictive Feeding, Behavioral: Traditional Eating Pattern | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Time Restrictive Feeding; Assigned to Arm(s): Experimental Group 1, Experimental Group 2 | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Traditional Eating Pattern; Assigned to Arm(s): Experimental Group 1, Experimental Group 2

Answer: A