Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Trial for the Optimal Timing of HIV Therapy After Cryptococcal Meningitis
Brief Summary: The Cryptococcal Optimal ART Timing (COAT) trial seeks to determine after cryptococcal meningitis (CM) whether early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) prior to hospital discharge results in superior survival compared to standard initiation of ART started as an outpatient.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* HIV-infected.
* Confirmed or probable TB (more information on the criterion can be found in the protocol).
* Chest x-ray within 30 days prior to study entry.
* Receipt of 1-14 cumulative days of rifampin- or other rifamycin-based TB treatment that was initiated within 28 days prior to study entry.
* CD4 count less than 250 cells/mm\^3 within 30 days prior to study entry.
* Willing to use acceptable methods of contraception while on study drugs and for 6 weeks after stopping these drugs.
* Able to swallow oral medications.
* Parent of guardian willing to provide informed consent, if applicable.
* Karnofsky performance score =\>20 at time of study entry.

Exclusion Criteria:

* ART for longer than 7 cumulative days prior to study entry or treatment for any period of time with one or more antiretrovirals. Participants who have taken ART during pregnancy or for occupational exposure are not excluded.
* Allergy or sensitivity to any of the study drugs or their formulations.
* History of multidrug-resistant TB.
* Receipt of any investigational therapy or chemotherapy within 30 days prior to study entry.
* Certain medications.
* Breastfeeding.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 years of age or older
* Testing HIV positive at the largest-volume HIV point of testing (other than prevention of mother-to-child transmission or tuberculosis) at SU with written proof of test result
* Agreeing to be referred to the HIV care services associated with the SU
* Agreeing to provide locator information
* Agreeing to adhere to study procedures, including a baseline interview, interviews 1 and 12 months after study enrollment, and extraction of data from the HIV care and treatment electronic database
* Able to provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Being pregnant at study enrollment
* Planning on leaving the community where they currently reside in the next 12 months
* Enrolled in HIV care in the past 6 months at any clinic
* Initiated ART (for any duration) in the past 6 months at any clinic
* Currently on ART
* Does not speak or understand Portuguese or Xitswa/Matswa
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* HIV-infection, documented by ELISA
* Antiretroviral medication naïve (excluding mother-to-child transmission therapy)
* Age \>14 years
* Cryptococcal meningitis diagnosed by either culture or CSF cryptococcal antigen (CRAG)
* Ability and willingness of the participant or legal guardian/representative to give informed consent.
* Receiving amphotericin-based anti-fungal therapy

Exclusion Criteria:

* Study entry prior to receipt of \<7 days or \>11 days of amphotericin therapy
* History of prior, known cryptococcal meningitis
* Inability to take enteral medication
* Receiving chemotherapy or other immunosuppressant medications
* Cannot or unlikely to attend regular clinic visits
* Contraindication to immediate or delayed HIV therapy based on serious co-morbidities or co-infections, or laboratory values
* Pregnancy or Breastfeeding
* Female participants of childbearing potential who are participating in sexual activity that could lead to pregnancy must agree to use two reliable methods of contraception
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* HIV infection newly diagnosed during community-based HTC-campaigns
* Never been on triple-ART
* Lives and/or works in the district of Butha-Buthe and declares to seek follow-up at one of the 6 health facilities involved in the study
* Signed written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant or breast-feeding
* Already enrolled in chronic care for another disease, such as tuberculosis or diabetes
* Clinical WHO-stage 4 or active tuberculosis
* Positive cryptococcal antigen test

Answer: C