Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of ARBaclofen vs. Placebo in the Treatment of Children and Adolescents With ASD
Brief Summary: This study will examine the safety and efficacy of arbaclofen vs. placebo on social function in children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Outpatients 5-17 years of age inclusive.
2. Meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). DSM-5 criteria will be established by a clinician with expertise with individuals with ASD. Diagnosis will be supported by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2).
3. Complex language to qualify for ADOS-2 modules 3 or 4.
4. If already receiving stable concomitant medications affecting behaviour, have stable regimens with no changes during the preceding 6 weeks prior to Screening, and will not electively initiate new or modify ongoing medications for the duration of the study.
5. If already receiving stable non-pharmacological educational and behavioural interventions, have continuous participation during the preceding 3 months prior to Screening, and will not electively initiate new or modify ongoing interventions for the duration of the study.
6. Have normal physical examination and laboratory test results at Screening. If abnormal, the finding(s) must be deemed clinically insignificant by the Investigator.
7. Ability to obtain written informed consent from the participant, if developmentally appropriate. If a participant does not have the capacity to consent, ability to obtain assent (if developmentally appropriate), as well as written informed consent from their parent(s)/legal guardian(s).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Pregnant females; sexually active females on inadequate birth control.
2. Have a serious medical condition that, based on Investigator judgment, might interfere with the conduct of the study, confound interpretation of the study results, or endanger their own well-being. Have evidence of any significant hematological, endocrine, cardiovascular (including uncorrected symptomatic congenital heart disease), respiratory, renal, hepatic, or gastrointestinal disease, not including mild common pediatric diseases in these areas that are stable (e.g. mild asthma, constipation, etc.).
3. Have unstable epilepsy (i.e. seizures occurring within the last 6 months), or have epilepsy and not on stable doses of antiepileptic medications (i.e. dose changes within the last 3 months).
4. Have a history of drug abuse.
5. Have hypersensitivity to arbaclofen or any components of its formulation.
6. Unable to tolerate venipuncture procedures for blood sampling.
7. Actively enrolled in another intervention study.
8. Taking racemic bacblofen, vigabatrin, tiagapine, riluzole, clobazam or regular benzodiazepine use (prn and hs use is allowed).
9. Unable to take oral medications.
10. Known hypersensitivity to racemic baclofen.
11. Inability to speak and understand English sufficiently enough to allow for the completion of all study assessments (parent/legal guardian; participant).
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Males and females between the ages of 5 and 17 years 2 months.
* Weight of 15 kg or greater.
* DSM-IV diagnosis of Autistic Disorder.
* Inpatient or outpatient.
* Medication free for at least 2 weeks for all psychotropic medications (4 weeks for fluoxetine or depot neuroleptics).
* Anticonvulsants used for treatment of seizure disorder permitted if the dosage has been stable for 4 weeks and patient seizure free for at least 6 months.
* Clinical Global Impression Severity score of at least 4 and a)18 or greater on the Irritability Scale of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist or b) .5 total score on the Ritvo-Freeman scale.
* Mental age of at least 18 months.
* Negative pregnancy test

Exclusion Criteria:

* IQ below 18 months.
* Females with a positive pregnancy test. - Evidence of a prior adequate trial with risperidone.
* Evidence of hypersensitivity to risperidone.
* Past history of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
* DSM-IV diagnosis of Pervasive Developmental Disorder other than Autistic Disorder.
* Significant medical condition such as heart disease, hypertension, liver or renal failure, pulmonary disease, or unstable seizure disorder.
* Weight less than 15 kg.
C: Inclusion Criteria

1. Male or female outpatients, 10-17 years of age inclusive.
2. Meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) criteria will be established by a clinician with expertise with individuals with ASD. Best estimate Diagnosis will be reached using DSM-IV criteria, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI-R).
3. Have a Clinician's Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score ≥ 4 (moderately ill) at Screening.
4. Verbal and performance scale Intelligence Quotient (IQ) ≥ 70 (both subtests of the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI-I or WASI-II ≥ 70).
5. If already receiving stable concomitant medications affecting behavior, have continuous participation for 1 month prior to Screening (with the exception of fluoxetine, where a period of 6 weeks is needed), and not electively initiate new or modify ongoing medications for the duration of the study.
6. If already receiving stable non-pharmacologic educational, behavioral, and/or dietary interventions, have continuous participation during the preceding 3 months prior to Screening, and not electively initiate new or modify ongoing interventions for the duration of the study.
7. Have normal physical examination and laboratory test results at Screening. If abnormal, the finding(s) must be deemed not clinically significant by the Treating Clinician.
8. Ability to speak and understand English sufficiently to allow for the completion of all study assessments.
9. Ability to obtain written informed consent from the participant, if developmentally appropriate. If a participant does not have the capacity to consent, ability to obtain assent (if developmentally appropriate), as well as written informed consent from their parent(s)/legal guardian.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Patients born prior to 35 weeks gestational age.
2. Patients with a primary psychiatric diagnosis other than ASD.
3. Patients with a medical history of neurological disease, including, but not limited to, epilepsy/seizure disorder (except simple febrile seizures), movement disorder, tuberous sclerosis, fragile X, and any other known genetic syndromes, or known abnormal brain MRI/structural lesion.
4. Pregnant female patients, sexually active female patients on hormonal birth control and sexually active females who do not use at least two types of non-hormonal birth control.
5. Patients with evidence or history of malignancy or any significant hematological, endocrine, cardiovascular (including any rhythm disorder), respiratory, renal, hepatic, or gastrointestinal disease.
6. Patients with one or more of the following: HIV, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, hemophilia (bleeding problems, recent nose and brain injuries), abnormal blood pressure (hypotension or hypertension), drug abuse, immunity disorder or severe depression.
7. Patients who are currently taking oxytocin or have taken intranasal oxytocin in the past with no response.
8. Patients with a sensitivity to oxytocin or any components of its formulation.
9. Patients unable to tolerate venipuncture procedures for blood sampling.
10. Patients in foster care for whom the province/state is defined as a legal guardian
D: Inclusion Criteria - Rollover:

* Completed 8 weeks of treatment in one of the following double-blind clinical trials: CN138-178 \[NCT00332241\] or CN138-179 \[NCT00337571\]
* No significant protocol violations and sufficient medical justification to continue on open-label treatment with aripiprazole

Inclusion Criteria - De Novo:

* Meets current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV TR) diagnostic criteria for AD and demonstrates serious behavioral problems - diagnosis confirmed by Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) or the patient meets the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV TR) diagnostic criteria for AD and has a history of behavioral problems that are currently being treated with psychotropic medication
* Mental age of at least 18 months
* Male or female 6 to 17 years of age, inclusive, at the time of enrollment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients considered treatment resistant to neuroleptic medication based on lack of therapeutic response to 2 different neuroleptics after treatment of at least 3 weeks each
* Patients previously treated and not responding to aripiprazole treatment
* The patient is currently diagnosed with another disorder on the autism spectrum, including pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), Asperger's Disorder, Rett's Disorder, Fragile-X Syndrome or Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
* Current diagnosis of bipolar disorder, psychosis, schizophrenia, or major depression
* A seizure in the past year
* History of severe head trauma or stroke
* Non-pharmacologic therapy (e.g. psychotherapy, behavior modification) should be stable prior to screening and consistent throughout the study

Answer: A