Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Momentum Trial: The Efficacy of Using a Smartphone Application to Support Shared Decision Making Through Patient Activation in People With a Diagnosis of Schizophrenia in Outpatient Treatment Settings
Brief Summary: This study investigates the effects of using a smartphone app to support shared decision making (SDM) for people with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders in an outpatient treatment setting. Patients are randomized to specialized early intervention treatment with the Momentum app or without the app. The primary objective is to investigate the effect of the app on patient activation 6 months after baseline. Secondary outcomes are positive and negative symptoms, level of functioning; working alliance; self-efficacy; treatment satisfaction; hope; level of SDM; and perceived efficacy in patient-provider interaction. Explorative outcomes are self-perceived usefulness of the Momentum app.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Must be able to understand and sign the informed consent form approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB)
* Must successfully answer all the questions on the Informed Consent quiz indicating that they understand the purpose of and procedures required for the study and are willing to participate in the study
* Have a current diagnosis of schizophrenia
* Taking no more than 1 oral antipsychotic on the day before randomization
* Have been placed into custody at least twice with one of them leading to incarceration within the 24 months previous to study start, with the last release occurring within the 90 days before the first day of screening
* in the opinion of the investigator, may benefit from a change in their prior antipsychotic treatment
* Have available a designated individual (eg, family member, case manager, significant other, probation/parole officer) who has knowledge of the patient and is generally aware of the patient's daily activities, and who agrees to let the study site personnel know of changes in the patients circumstances when the patient is not able to provide this information, ie, arrests, protocol-defined hospitalizations, emergency room visits, becoming homeless, etc.
* Have either an address or phone number where they can be reached, or be accessible to the designated individual
* Must agree to receive regular injections for 15 months if randomly assigned to the paliperidone palmitate treatment group, or continue with oral study medication treatment for 15 months if randomly assigned to the oral antipsychotic treatment group
* Women must be postmenopausal (for at least 2 years), surgically sterile (hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy, tubal ligation, or otherwise be incapable of pregnancy), abstinent, or if sexually active, be practicing a highly effective method of birth control

Exclusion Criteria:

* Allergies, hypersensitivity (anaphylaxis-type reaction), or intolerance to risperidone or paliperidone
* Actively abusing intravenous drugs within the past 3 months or have an opiate dependence disorder
* Have a positive urine drug screen test for barbiturates, cocaine, amphetamines, or opiates at screening
* Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding, or planning to become pregnant
* Have received injectable antipsychotic treatment within 2 injection cycles prior to screening
* Received treatment with clozapine within 3 months of screening
* Are at a high risk of violence in the next 15 months, in the opinion of the investigator
* who have a history of sex offenses including felony sex offenses, child molestation
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults of both sexes aged 18+
* A diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizotypal or delusional disorder (ICD-10 codes: F20-F29)
* The patient have received treatment for a maximum of 18 months at the start of the intervention from one of five participating OPUS centre in the Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark

Exclusion Criteria:

* Do not understand or speak Danish
* Unable to give written informed consent to participate in the trial at the described terms
* Are participating in other research studies involving OPUS treatment and an app
* Do not have daily access to a smartphone
* Are suffering of mental retardation or dementia (F. 70-F.79, F.00-F.03)
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient's hospital record meeting the criteria for schizophrenia according to ICD-10 F.20.0-9 or schizoaffective disorder according to ICD-10 F.25.0-9
* Age 18 - 70 years at the time of inclusion
* Ability to understand, speak and write Danish - assessed by the community nurse
* Informed written consent
* receiving treatment in an assertive outreach team or psychosis team in region north in Denmark

Exclusion Criteria:

* Previous participation with the method GSD
* Patients who are mentally handicapped or diagnosed with any kind of dementia or an organic brain disease according to their hospital record
* In need of an interpreter to understand, speak and write Danish
* Withdrawal of informed consent
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* between ages of 18 and 70 (patients above age 65 will be administered the Mini-Cog, a cognitive impairment screener)
* speak English and/or Spanish
* currently receiving outpatient mental health care

Exclusion Criteria:

* suicidal ideation or attempt within the past four weeks
* lacks capacity to consent (adapted from Zayas, Cabassa, \& Perez, 2005)
* only receiving services that are strictly case-management

Answer: B