Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Testing Pharmacological Therapies for Pregnant Smokers
Brief Summary: Nicotine dependence has not been sufficiently addressed in current state-of-the-science cessation interventions for pregnant smokers. The weight of the evidence from the general population of smokers suggests that nicotine replacement therapies may be beneficial cessation aids for pregnant smokers who are unable to stop smoking. The tremendous potential of these therapies for promoting smoking cessation among pregnant women creates a pressing need for decision tools and protocols to encourage treatment adherence that is essential for rigorous evaluation of the effectiveness of OTC NRT when provided as part of prenatal care. The results of this research could be directly translated to the improvement of obstetrical care providers' clinical practices. Medically supervised use of OTC NRT by pregnant smokers is an alternative to continued smoking that has the potential to substantially increase rates of smoking cessation during pregnancy.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18-65 years of age
* smoking continuously for at least one year and smoking 5 cigarettes every day
* Reside in the catchment area of one of the four primary care centers

Exclusion Criteria:

* diagnosed with a generalized dermatology disease, liver failure, hyperthyroidism, or pheochromocytoma
* current use of psychotropic drugs
* past year history of drug or alcohol abuse, unstable cardiovascular, psychiatric, or debilitating diseases based on physician assessment.
* currently pregnant, lactating, or intending to become pregnant in next 3 months
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Be at least 18 years of age
* Be between 13 and 25 weeks of pregnancy
* Be receiving prenatal care at one of the participating clinics
* Have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime
* Be currently smoking and have smoked at least 5 cigarettes per day in the past 7 days
* Speak and write English

Exclusion Criteria:

* Evidence of cognitive or mental health problems
* Evidence of possible drug or alcohol addiction
* Documented history in medical chart of mental retardation, significant chronic or recurrent psychiatric disorder such as schizophrenia or severe depression, history of cardiac arrhythmias, history of myocardial infarction within the past 6 months, history of previous pregnancy with congenital anomaly,family history of congenital anomalies
* Complications of pregnancy during the current pregnancy, including: threatened miscarriage, congenital anomalies, unexplained vaginal bleeding, pelvic or abdominal surgical procedures, deep venous thrombosis, malignancy
C: Inclusion Criteria: Participants will be: 1) males and females over age 18 who smoke at least 10 cigarettes/day; 2) able to communicate in English; 3) able to use NRT safely (e.g., no allergy to latex, no serious abnormal ECG reading); 4) able to provide written informed consent for study procedures; and 5) residing in the geographic area for at least 12 months.

Exclusion Criteria: Participants will be ineligible for the trial if they: 1) are unable to communicate in English; 2) Have a current diagnosis of psychosis and/or manic depression; 3) have a current medical condition that would make using transdermal nicotine patch unsafe (e.g., allergy to latex, serious, abnormal ECG reading)- participants with asthma, diabetes, hypertension, or heart disease (e.g., coronary artery disease, abnormal heart rhythm, an arrhythmia) will be permitted to enroll in the study with medical clearance from the participant's physician or the study physician; 4) have had a heart attack within the past 6 months, 5) are pregnant or planning to become pregnant or lactating, or 6) are currently enrolled or plan to enroll in another research or smoking cessation program within the next 12 months.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥18 years Smoking ≥ 10 cigarettes per day Patients with disease conditions known to be related to smoking: e.g.coronary heart diseases, COPD, lower extremity arterial disease, etc

Exclusion Criteria:

* Smokers whose follow-up during the duration of the study, in a predictable way, cannot be assured.
* smokers having been treated by bupropion ( Zyban) during two months preceding the inclusion
* persons under TSN, neuroleptic, substitute treatments in OPINOIDES, under anticoagulants-non-equilibrating,
* encircled woman
* breast-feeding woman
* Contraindication usual of the TSN

Answer: B