Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effects of Community Occupational Therapy on the Daily Performance of Older Patients With Mild to Moderate Dementia and on the Sense of Competence of Their Primary Caregivers.
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of community occupational therapy in older patients with mild ot moderate dementia and their primary caregivers.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria: Inclusion criteria pertain to both the person with dementia (PwD) and the caregiver (CG) such that if either is eligible but the other is not, the dyad is not enrolled.

* PwD and caregiver are English speaking
* Diagnosed with probable dementia
* PwD is able to participate in at least 2 activities of daily living (bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, transferring from bed to chair)
* Person with dementia exhibits agitated or aggressive behaviors
* If PwD is on a psychotropic medication he/she must be on a stable dose for at least 60 days
* CG is at least 21 years old
* CG lives with or within 5 miles of the person with dementia
* CG is accessible by telephone to schedule interviews and sessions
* CG is planning to live in the area for at least 6 months
* If the CG is on a psychotropic medication he/she must be on a stable dose for at least 60 days

Exclusion Criteria:Exclusion criteria pertain to both the person with dementia and the caregiver such that if either is eligible but the other is not, the dyad is not enrolled.

* PwD has a history of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
* Dementia is secondary to probable head trauma
* PwD is not responsive to environment (e.g., unable to understand short commands or recognize a person coming in/out of the room).
* the CG is currently involved in another clinical trial of psychosocial or educational interventions
* the CG is planning to place PwD in a nursing home within 6 months.
* dyads will be excluded if either CG or PwD: 1) has a terminal illness with life expectancy \< 6 months, 2) is in active treatment for cancer, or 3) has had \> 3 acute medical hospitalizations in past year.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* aged 65 years or older
* mild to moderate dementia (MMSE 10-24)
* living in the community at maximum of 50 kilometers from the Memory Clinic
* having an informal primary caregiver who was involved in the care for the patient at least once a week

Exclusion Criteria:

* depression: score \> 12 on the Geriatric Depression Scale
* severe behavioral or psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD) judged by a geriatrician
* severe illnesses, judged by a geriatrician
* no OT goals, determined by the researcher or research assistant
* caregivers having severe illnesses
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or female age 60-90 years
* Patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease, according to the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) and NINCDS-ADRDA (National Institute for Communicative Disorders and Stroke - Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association) criteria
* Score between 18 and 26 on the Mini Mental State Examination
* Have a CDR (Clinical Dementia Rating) of 1.0
* If medicated for AD, then use of cholinesterase inhibitors, for at least 3 months and on stable dose for at least 60 days prior to screening.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pre-existing structural brain abnormalities,
* Other neurologic or psychiatric diagnoses
* Transcranial direct current stimulation criteria: patients with implanted metallic or electronic devices; pacemaker; seizures; pregnancy; any other condition that might limit or interfere in the sensorimotor system
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Care-recipients must have a MMSE score \< 24 and a diagnosis of dementia, live in the community, and either need help with one or more daily activities and/or have one or more behavioral occurrences. Caregivers must be a relative, at least 21 years of age, be English speaking, have a telephone, either live with the care-recipient (CR) or spend at least 48 hours per week in direct oversight or caring for him/her; plan to live in the area for 9 months, report upset with CR function dependence or behavioral occurrences.

Exclusion Criteria:

* The CG-CR dyad will be excluded if CR has had more than 3 hospitalizations within the past 12 months, are in treatment for life-threatening cancer, have schizophrenia or a bipolar disorder, have dementia secondary to head trauma, have a MMSE score = 0 and are bed-bound (defined as confinement to bed or chair for at least 22 hours a day for at least four of the previous seven days); or they are enrolled in a clinical trial of pharmacological treatment for agitation. Also, the dyad will be excluded if the CG had more than 3 hospitalizations within the past 12 months or is in treatment for life-threatening cancer; is involved in another clinical trial of psychosocial or educational interventions for caregivers; or plans to place their family member in a nursing home within the next 9-months.

Answer: B