Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Early Administration of L-carnitine in Hemodialysis Patients: Double Blind Randomized Trial Versus Placebo
Brief Summary: Hemodialysis is a cause of carnitine deficiency. The deficiency of carnitine induces an anemia by an increase fragility of the red blood cells, a muscular fatigue and a cardiac dysfunction. We proposed to evaluate the benefit of an early administration of L-carnitine in hemodialysis patients. The patients should be included in the first month after the start of chronic hemodialysis, randomized to receive L-carnitine or placebo and should be followed-up during one year.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* HD \>3 months
* Fluid overload ≥15% of extracellular volume (ECV) predialysis, as determined by BCM-measurement, after one of the 2 the midweek interdialytic intervals
* Informed consent of the patient

Exclusion Criteria:

* none, except those specified by the Declaration of Helsinki
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient with less than 1 month on hemodialysis.
* Treated with rHuEPO.
* Male or female aged of more than 18 years old.
* With contraception treatment for women of procreation age.
* Having received and understand information.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with no need of rHuEPO
* Patients with cancer disease
* Patients with life expectancy under 6 months
* Patients having a proved carnitine deficiency before the start of hemodialysis
C: Inclusion Criteria:

being in the age range of 18-75 having the history of at least 12 weeks of hemodialysis and at least three times a week and each session almost for four hours having serum triglyceride or total cholesterol concentration \>200 mg/dl or serum HDL concentration \>40 mg/dl in the beginning of the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

taking carnitine supplement or the drug that interact with carnation lowering the seizure threshold in the last month being affected by liver function abnormalities, hypothyroidism, chronic infectious diseases (such as hepatitis), inflammatory diseases, CNS mass having the history of seizure.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age ≥18 years
2. Have a diagnosis of ESRD and have been on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) for at least 3 months
3. Be in a stable clinical condition during the four weeks immediately prior to Screening Period as demonstrated by medical history, physical examination and laboratory testing
4. Have a blood hemoglobin concentration above 8,5 g/100ml (data will be verified with Investigators)
5. Have not experienced peritonitis episodes in the last 3 months
6. Be treated with Extraneal (nocturnal exchange bag solution) for at least 1 month
7. Be treated with 3 diurnal exchange bag solutions (1.5% or 2.5% glucose) and one nocturnal exchange bag solution (Extraneal)
8. Have Kt/V urea measurement \> 1.7 per week in a previous test performed within 6 months that should be confirmed at Baseline Visit
9. Have a minimum weekly creatinine clearance of 45 litres in a previous test performed within 6 months that should be confirmed at Baseline Visit
10. Have a D/P Creatinine ratio at Peritoneal Equilibration Test (PET) between 0.50 and 0.81 in a previous test performed within 6 months that should be confirmed at Baseline Visit
11. Have a D/P Glucose ratio at Peritoneal Equilibration Test (PET) between 0.26 and 0.49 in a previous test performed within 6 months that should be confirmed at Baseline Visit
12. Be treated by the participating clinical Investigator for a period of at least three months
13. Have understood and signed the Informed Consent Form.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Have a history of drug or alcohol abuse in the six months prior to entering the protocol
2. Be in treatment with androgens
3. Have Diabetes Mellitus (as defined by the American Diabetes Society, objectively documented by a fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c determinations)
4. Have clinically significant abnormal liver function test (SGOT, SGPT, and gamma-GT \> 2 times the upper normal limit)
5. Have acute infectious conditions (i.e.: pulmonary infection, acute hepatitis, high or low urinary tract infections, renal parenchymal infection, pericarditis, etc)
6. Have a history of congestive heart failure and clinically significant arrhythmia
7. Have an history of epilepsy or any NCS disease
8. Have malignancy within the past 5 years, including lymphoproliferative disorders
9. Have any medical condition that, in the judgment of the Investigator, would jeopardize the patient's safety following exposure to study drug, particularly if patient's life expectancy is less than 1 year
10. Have a history of L-Carnitine therapy or use in the month prior to entering the protocol
11. Have used any investigational drug in the 3 months prior to entering the protocol
12. Be in pregnancy, lactation, fertility age without protection against pregnancy by adequate contraceptive means

Answer: B