Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Can a Single-unit Blood Transfusion Protocol in Obstetrics Reduce Total Number of Units Transfused? A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: There is a paucity of data on management of non-acute postpartum anemia. Although blood transfusions were historically initiated with 2 units, the most recent recommendation from the American Association of Blood Banks is to begin with 1 unit. As no randomized controlled trials have been performed in obstetrics, the investigators propose a randomized, controlled trial in non-acute postpartum anemia comparing single- versus multiple-unit transfusion by total numbers of units transfused and maternal morbidity.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Women over 18
* Willing and stable to give consent
* \> 6 hours postpartum from any mode of delivery
* Determined by their physician to require blood transfusion either by:

  * Hb \<7g/dL OR
  * \>7g/dL with any sign or symptom of anemia such as fatigue, dizziness, tachycardia, or hypotension
* Agreed to accept blood transfusion
* No contraindications to blood transfusion

Exclusion Criteria:

* hemoglobinopathies
* patients with an ejection fraction \<35%
* Hb \<5 g/dL
* HR \> 130 bpm, BP \< 80/40
B: Inclusion Criteria:

All of the following must be present:

* Acute myocardial infarction with presentation within 72 hours of randomization (acute myocardial infarction is defined as ischemic-type chest discomfort lasting at least 30 minutes associated with creatinine kinase MB (CKMB) or troponin \>upper limit of normal \[ULN\])
* Admission to CCU
* Hematocrit .30 or less
* Written, informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability or unwillingness to receive red cell transfusions
* Active bleeding (overt blood loss accompanied by a decrease in hematocrit of at least 5% in the preceding 12 hours)
* Receipt of red cell transfusion within 7 days of randomization
* Prior severe transfusion reaction
* Pregnancy
* Imminent death
* Decision to provide limited care
* Age \<21
* Participation in another clinical trial in which blood transfusion is a requirement or a component of a primary or secondary endpoint
* Previous participation in the CRIT Pilot
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* end-stage of knee osteoarthritis, who scheduled for unilateral primary TKA in our department

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients who had been treated with gentamicin within the past 10 days
* known allergies against the bone cement
* estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \<30ml/minute
* previous nephrectomy and history of renal transplant
* contraindications against tranexamic acid
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient in the ICU AND
* Fulfil the criteria for septic shock AND
* Have haemoglobin of 9.0 g/dl (5.6 mM) or less AND
* Consent obtainable from patient or proxy or national law allows delayed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Documented wish against transfusion OR
* Previous serious adverse reaction with blood product OR
* Acute coronary syndrome OR
* Life-threatening bleeding OR
* RBC transfusion during current ICU admission OR
* Withdrawal from active therapy or brain death OR
* Lack of informed consent (depending on national law) OR
* Acute burn injury regardless of degree and burn surface area

Answer: A