Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Effect of a Worksite Based Walking Programme on Cardiovascular Risk in Previously Sedentary Civil Servants
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8 week program of walking for 45 minutes, twice a week, on fitness, body composition , blood pressure and blood markers of cardiovascular risk. We hypothesised that this 90 minutes of walking per week would result in measurable increases in fitness and reductions in body fat, resting blood pressure and improved blood lipid profiles.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and older as defined according to the United Nations standard numerical criterion (World Health Organization, 2016);
2. previously sedentary (i.e. engaged in less than 20 minutes per week of regular physical activity for the past month and \< 125 minutes/week of moderate intensity physical activity) (Stevens et al., 1998). Moderate intensity activity that is noticeable accelerates the heart rate and is equal to approximately 3-6 metabolic equivalents (METs) (American College of Sports Medicine, 2013);
3. at risk of feeling socially isolated or lonely (indicated by a score of 6 or higher out of 9) on the 3-item loneliness scale for the phone screening by Hughes et al. (2004) (Appendix 1 - Phone-based eligibility screening form);
4. physically mobile as measured using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) (Guralnik et al., 1994) with a score ≥ 9 out of 12 (Pahor et al., 2014);
5. healthy or having one or more common chronic diseases but ambulatory;
6. without a cognitive disability as assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) (Nasreddine et al., 2005) with a score ≥ 22 out of 30 (Freitas et al., 2013);
7. able to give written informed consent;
8. English speaking and able to complete paper and pencil questionnaires.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. not community-dwelling older adults 60 years or over;
2. not previously sedentary;
3. currently taking part in another physical activity intervention;
4. not at risk for feeling socially isolated or lonely (i.e. score of less than 6 (out of 9) on the 3-item loneliness scale for the phone screening by Hughes et al., (2004);
5. moderate to severe cognitive disability or clinical diagnosis of dementia;
6. physical disability (i.e. SPPB score less than 9);
7. severe frailty or any chronic health condition that precludes participation in the physical activity intervention and significantly limits the physical mobility of the participant (i.e. hospital settings/ non-ambulatory regime);
8. cognitive disability (i.e. less than 14 points on MOCA);
9. not able to give written informed consent;
10. not English speaking that precludes taking pen and paper tests.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Sedentary (exercises fewer than two times per week)
* Overweight or mildly obese (body mass index \[BMI\] of 25 to 35 kg/m2) with mild to moderate lipid abnormalities (either LDL cholesterol 130 to 190 mg/dl or HDL cholesterol less than 40 mg/dl for men or 5 less than 45 mg/dl for women)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diabetes
* Hypertension
* Other metabolic or musculoskeletal diseases
* Current use of or intent to diet
* Use of confounding medication
* Overt presence of coronary heart disease
* Unwilling to be randomized to any group
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* physically inactive, i.e. takes less than 8,000 steps per day at baseline
* registered at the participating general practice,
* over 18 years of age,
* regular email user, and willing to use email for the purpose of the study,
* has a home computer with access to the Internet.

Exclusion Criteria:

* medical or psychiatric condition which the general practitioner considers as inappropriate for participating in the intervention (e.g., terminal illness, psychotic illness, chronic disorders or diseases that seriously influence the ability to be physically active, dementia or significant cognitive impairment, unable to move about independently),
* medical, personal of family condition which the general practitioner considers temporarily affects mean daily step count at baseline (e.g., acute illness, holiday or business trip),
* pregnant woman,
* currently engaging in regular sports or exercise (at least twice a week),
* failure to upload pedometer data to a website at baseline assessment,
* failure to give informed consent with the study.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

Member of staff at the Northern Ireland Civil Service

Exclusion Criteria:

Physically active (defined as compliance with current physical activity guidelines (Pate, 1995), age \> 65 years, resting BP \> 159/99 mm Hg, total cholesterol \> 6.2 mmol•L-1, fasting blood glucose \> 7.0 mmol•L-1, body mass index (BMI) \> 34.9 kg•m-2, current cigarette smokers, individuals with cardiovascular, pulmonary or metabolic disease, pain or discomfort in the chest, dizziness or heart murmur.

individuals taking medication known to interfere with lipid metabolism, females who were pregnant or planning to become pregnant in the following five months

Answer: D