Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: N/A
Brief Summary: The aim of the study is to find out if allergic diseases can be prevented buy giving probiotic bacteria to pregnant mothers and their newborn infants


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* mother or father fo child with doctor diagnoses allergic disease

Exclusion Criteria:

* prematurity, major malformations
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy infants
* Born at term (≥36 weeks of gestation)
* Any gender
* 6 to 36 months old
* Same socioeconomic background
* Written informed consent from parents or legal guardians

Exclusion Criteria:

* Birth weight \<2500 g
* Congenital anomalies
* Chronic diseases
* Failure to thrive
* Allergy or atopic disease
* Recent (within the preceding 4 weeks) exposure to probiotics, prebiotics, or antibiotics.
* Concurrent participation in other clinical trials
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Subject whose parents/legal guardians had given written informed consent,
* Male or female, aged 3 to 6 years (upper bound excluded),
* Attending day-care centres or preschools 5 days a week in the Moscow area,
* Subject found medically healthy (in particular, free of respiratory and GI tract symptoms),
* Subject who appreciated dairy products and multi-fruit flavour.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subject whose parents were not reading and writing Russian, or not understanding informed consent or study protocol.
* Subject with allergy or hypersensitivity to milk proteins or dairy foods components (ex: lactose, milk proteins), or with any known food or respiratory allergy.
* Subject presenting a severe evolutive or chronic pathology (Ex: cancer, tuberculosis, Crohn disease, cirrhosis, multiple sclerosis, Type I diabetes...) or any past or actual health condition that could interfere with the outcome of the study (Ex: HIV, Chemotherapy, malabsorption, ulcer, celiac disease, failure to thrive...).
* Subject having experienced any infectious disease during the last 7 days.
* Subject with current diarrhoea or constipation Subject who was frequently using laxatives or who had been using laxatives during the week prior his participation to the study.
* Subject who was under artificial nutrition, had gastro-intestinal surgery or any intervention requiring general anaesthesia the last 2 months prior to his participation to the study.
* Subject with special medicated diet (obesity, anorexia, metabolic pathology, nutritional complementation...) or with eating disorders (anorexia, bulimia...).
* Subject currently receiving, or who had received during the last months, systemic treatment or topical treatment likely to interfere with evaluation of the study parameters: antibiotics, antiseptics, antifungal, corticoids, vaccines, anti-histaminic molecules, non-corticoid antiinflammatory substances, immunosuppressant treatment...
* Subject already enrolled in another clinical study, or currently under an exemption period from a previous study.
* Subject in a situation which in the investigator's opinion could interfere with optimal participation in the present study or could constitute a special risk for the subject.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* 6 months old children born at term
* written consent from parents

Exclusion Criteria:

* frequent gastrointestinal disorders (frequent diarrhoeas, constipation episodes, gastroesophageal reflux)
* gastrointestinal surgery
* cow's milk protein allergy
* metabolic diseases (diabetes or lactose intolerance)
* immune deficiency
* antibiotic treatment during the trial and/or recent (within the preceding 3 weeks)

Answer: A