Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With ADHD
Brief Summary: This trial is a continuation of the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA Study). Continuation Aim 1 is to track the persistence of intervention-related effects as the MTA sample matures into mid-adolescence, including subsequent mental-health and school-related service utilization patterns as a function of MTA treatment experience (treatment assignment) and outcome (degree of treatment success at 14 mo.). Aim 2 is to test specific hypotheses about predictors, mediators, and moderators of long-term outcome among children with ADHD (e.g., comorbidity; family functioning; cognitive skills; peer relations) that may influence adolescent functioning (either independent of or through initial treatment assignment and/or 14-month treatment outcomes); and to compare how these predictors, mediators, and moderators are similar or dissimilar within the normal comparison group. Aim 3 is to track the patterns of risk and protective factors (including their mediation or moderation by initial treatment assignment and/or outcome) involved in early and subsequent stages of developing substance-related disorders and antisocial behavior. Aim 4 is to examine the effect of initial treatment assignment and degree of treatment success on later academic performance, achievement, school conduct, tendency to drop out, and other adverse school outcomes.

In the original MTA design, patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment conditions: (1) medication only; (2) psychosocial only; (3) combined (medication and psychosocial); or (4) Assessment-and-Referral condition. All but the latter were treated intensively for 14 months, with assessments for all subjects at baseline, 3, 9, 14, and 24 months. The original MTA design thus provides short-term (10 months post-treatment) follow-up at 24 months. This continuation extends the follow-up to assessments at 36, 60, and 84 months after treatment.

A child may be eligible for this study if he/she:

Is 7 - 9 years old, and has Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

-

Patients must have:

Rigorously diagnosed Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age from 9.0 to 14.0.
* ADHD diagnosis following assessment at a child \& adolescent outpatient clinic.
* Clarification for stimulant treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Moderate or severe mental retardation.
* Psychosis.
* Proven brain damage.
* Sensory deficits and/or motor impairments that make the individual in question unsuitable for the relevant tests.
* Epilepsy.
* The child has previously been prescribed stimulant medication or is being treated with such medication.
* The child commutes between parents or there are other factors that substantially reduce the possibility of obtaining reliable observations from parents (The child needs to live in one place through out the whole trial since otherwise might severely influence the child's behaviour and the observations).
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of DSM-IV ADHD by K-SADS-PL and confirmed by clinical interview
* Clinical Global Impression-Severity score of at least 4 for ADHD
* Resided with primary caretaker for at least 6 months prior to study entry

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of autism, pervasive developmental disorder, chronic tic disorder, psychosis, or bipolar disorder
* Current major depression or panic disorder
* Systolic or diastolic blood pressure at screening greater than the 95th percentile or less than the 5th percentile for age and body mass index (BMI)
* Any medical condition that might make stimulant or alpha agonist therapy medically inadvisable
* Need for chronic use of other medications with central nervous system effects
* Pregnant, breastfeeding, or beyond menarche and has a positive urine pregnancy test
* History of structural heart defects, syncope, or fainting while exercising
* Clinically significant cardiac abnormality as determined by echocardiogram (ECG) at study entry
* Mental retardation as determined by clinical functional assessment and an IQ estimate of less than 70 based on Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) subtests
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV) diagnostic criteria for ADHD
* Meet DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for at least one non-nicotine substance use disorder
* Has a DSM-IV ADHD Symptom Checklist score ≥ 22 derived from the adolescent-completed checklist

Exclusion Criteria:

* Serious medical illness
* History of tic disorder
* Pregnant or breastfeeding
* Meet DSM-IV criteria for current or life-time psychotic disorder
* Meet DSM-IV criteria for current or life-time bipolar disorder
* Requires/or prescribed other concurrent psychotropic medication
* Taking any medications that may produce interactions with OROS-MPH
* Opiate dependence
* Methamphetamine abuse or dependence
* Suicidal risk
* Enrolled in an inpatient, residential, day treatment, or outpatient substance abuse program within 28 days prior to signing consent

Answer: A