Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Smoking Young Asthmatics: Change of Inflammation During Tobacco Cessation and Steroid Treatment
Brief Summary: This is a study describing changes in inflammation of the airways in asthmatics before and after smoking cessation and steroid treatment.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria: healthy smokers unwilling to quit, between 18 and 60 years of age. They should report a cigarette intake of ≥ 15 cig/day for at least 5 years. At screening they must provide a CO level of ≥ 15 ppm and an FTND ≥ 5.

Exclusion Criteria: alcohol and illicit drug use, breastfeeding, or pregnancy. Individuals who report current attempts to quit smoking and previous experience with electronic cigarettes will be also excluded.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or female daily smokeless tobacco users aged 18 years and older, who are motivated to stop use of all tobacco products.
* Subjects must be daily users of nicotine containing smokeless tobacco and using smokeless tobacco on at least 8 occasions per day averaged over a week.
* Have used smokeless tobacco for at least 1 year prior to screening with no period of abstinence \>3 months in the past year.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects using nicotine containing products (including smoking tobacco) other than smokeless tobacco for 3 months prior to screening.
* Subjects with exhaled Carbon Monoxide (CO) \>10 ppm at baseline.
* Subjects who have used varenicline, bupropion, or NRT within 3 months of screening.
* Subjects currently or within the past 12 months requiring treatment for depression or have a current or prior history of panic disorder, psychosis, bipolar disorder or any other serious mental illness.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

Asthmatic symptoms during the last year and at least one criterion of the below:

1. current FEV1-increase of minimum 12% after b2-agonist,
2. positiv Methacholintest,
3. Day-to-day FEV1-variation of at least 20% during a two-week period.
4. Positive mannitol test.

Furthermore, all of the below inclusion criteria:

* At least 10 packyears
* At least 10 cigarettes per day within the last year
* Age 18-40 years

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Asthmatics who have been treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), systemic corticosteroids, leukotrien-antagonists (LTA), long-lasting b2-agonists, anticholinergic medicine or varenicline within the last 3 months
2. Lower respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia, within the last 6 weeks.
3. Patients suffering from other chronic respiratory disease than asthma, such as sarcoidosis and COPD will also be excluded.
4. Pregnant and nursing women will be excluded as well as women planning pregnancy during the study period.
5. A history of allergy towards study drugs will lead to exclusion.

Patients who during the study period develop lower respiratory infections or due to severe uncontrolled asthma receive treatment with any of the above listed types of medicine will be excluded. Patients who are diagnosed with other chronic respiratory disease than asthma during the study period will also be excluded, as well as patients who during the study period require more asthma medicine than the planned study medication.

Any participant who wishes to leave the study, for any reason, including unacceptable side-effects, during the study period will be excluded, as well as anyone who wants to withdraw their recorded data from the project after the study period has ended.

In case of unacceptable side-effects to varenicline resulting in immediate cessation of treatment with this drug, the participant will continue visits unchanged, but he/she will be excluded from the calculations of tobacco cessation succes-rate. However, varenicline cessation up to 4 weeks after treatment start with varenicline will result in exclusion and replacement of the participant.

Cessation of treatment with budesonide will result in exclusion from the rest the study. The person will not be replaced. The data recorded from the participant until the last visit before cessation will be used.

Allergic reactions towards study drugs will result in immediate cessation of the drug, and possible exclusion, as described in the above.

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D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18-64
* Regular ten cigarette per day smoker for one year
* Nicotine Dependency Score greater than or equal to four
* DSM-IV Diagnosis of Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective disorder
* Psychiatric medication regimen unchanged for at least 90 days
* Psychiatric medication dosage unchanged for at least 30 days

Exclusion Criteria:

* Psychiatric hospitalization in last 6 months
* Meets criteria for current Major Depressive Disorder or has a score of greater than 10 on the Calgary Depression Scale (see withdrawal criteria)
* Suicide or homicide ideation with a plan in the last six months
* Life time history of suicide attempt
* Has had a diagnosis of Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective disorder for less than three years
* Current treatment with Bupropion SR
* DSM-IV diagnosis of alcohol or substance dependence within last 6 months\*
* DSM-IV diagnosis of alcohol or substance abuse within three months \*
* Pregnancy or lactation in females (+HCG)
* Use of tobacco product other than cigarettes
* Use of nicotine replacements
* Unstable or serious medical condition in last 6 months
* Regular use of cimetidine (OTC or Rx) \*Substance abuse/dependency exclusions do not apply to abuse of or dependence on nicotine.

Answer: C