Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Community Alliance for Quality of Life in Long Term Care: The Effects of a Walking Program on Balance, Falls and Well Being in Individuals Residing in Long-term Care
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a regular walking program (which inevitably involves human interaction) compared to a usual care condition and to a human interaction condition (without the extra walking program) in individuals residing in Long-Term Care (LTC). Outcomes of interest include: balance, strength, mobility, endurance, walking distance; rate and severity of falls; activities of daily living; mood and behaviour.

It is hypothesized that participants taking part in the walking program will demonstrate maximal benefits compared to the no treatment control group (usual care) and the participants who will only receive social interaction. It is expected that benefits of the walking program will include decreased fall rates, and improved balance, endurance, strength, mood, behaviour, activities of daily living and quality of life indices. Given research findings that the addition of pleasant activities improves resident mood (Teri et al, 1997; 2003), it is expected that participants in the social interaction only group will demonstrate improvements in mood and other indices of quality of life.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Signed informed consent by the patient or a caregiver if the patient is incompetent to sign
* Consecutive inclusion of all newly admitted patients to the wards coming from home or the emergency room department

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients not admitted to the hospital from home or a nursing home
* Patients unable to communicate in Dutch
* Patients admitted for palliative care
* Patients who do not take any drugs at admission
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* 65 Years or older permanently living in care homes for older people
* One or more falls in the previous year.
* Foot problem that is within the scope of podiatry care

Exclusion Criteria:

* Residents who are terminally unwell or too frail to be included
* Residents who are only able to mobilise with the use of a wheelchair
* Temporary residents (for example, those in respite care)
* Unable to provide informed consent
* Lower limb Amputees
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Institutionalized older people who were 65 years and older
* The patient consent to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Residents who present an acute disease that not resolved during 10 days.
* Residents with a pacemaker (or serious cardiac alterations)
* Residents with epilepsy
* Residents with a high risk of thromboembolism
* Residents with a history of a hip or knee joint replacement
* Residents who not were musculoskeletal disorders and cognitive or physical dysfunction that interfering with test and training procedures.
* Residents that not accept to participate in the study.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults residing in a long term care facility
* Able to follow simple instructions
* Can ambulate with or without a walking aid for at least 10 meters
* Willing to participate in the study procedures Exclusion Criteria:

Exclusion criteria:

* Cardiovascular event within past 6 months
* Severe arthritis
* Clinical significant vestibular disorder
* Uncontrolled hypertension
* Uncontrolled epilepsy
* Fracture within the past 4 months
* Admission into an acute care facility in last 4 months
* Scheduled for surgery or hospitalization in next 6 months
* Already participating in another regular exercise program (three or more times per week) aimed at improving balance or strength

Answer: D