Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Design and Evaluation of the Remote Intervention for Diet and Exercise (RIDE)
Brief Summary: A large proportion of the adult population in the United States qualifies for weight loss treatment based on the NIH treatment recommendations, but traditional clinic-based weight loss treatments have a number of limitations. For example, access to healthcare facilities is limited among people living in rural communities and people of low socioeconomic status, yet a disproportionate number of these people would benefit from services. Internet-based weight loss interventions have been used to deliver services to these populations, but these "e-Health" interventions suffer from a number of limitations and produce only modest weight loss. The limitations associated with internet-based interventions include decreased use of the internet application over time; patients must logon to the internet to receive treatment recommendations, yet few patients regularly logon to the application and this negatively affects treatment outcome. An additional limitation is the quality of self-reported food intake, exercise, and body weight data that participants enter into the internet application or report to their online counselor. Self-reported data are associated with error and accurate data are needed to formulate effective treatment recommendations for participants. Lastly, most applications rely on asynchronous communications between the patient and the counselor, and patients do not always receive personalized treatment recommendations in a reasonable amount of time (1 to 3 days), which limits the extent to which the recommendations result in behavior change and weight loss.

The purpose of the proposed pilot and feasibility project is to test the efficacy of the Remote Intervention for Diet and Exercise (RIDE) e-Health application at promoting weight loss compared to a control condition. The RIDE e-Health application addresses the limitations of internet-based interventions that are noted above. The application relies on novel technology to collect near real-time food intake, body weight, and exercise data from participants while they reside in their free-living environments. These data are transmitted to the researchers in near real-time: food intake data are collected and transmitted with camera and Bluetoothenabled cell phones using the Remote Food Photography method that was developed by this laboratory, body weight data is automatically transmitted daily from a bathroom scale using the same phones, and accelerometry is used to collect exercise data that is transmitted via the internet. These data are analyzed and personalized treatment recommendations are sent to the participant in a timely manner, e.g., every 1 to 3 days, using the cell phones. The RIDE e-Health application was developed based on learning and behavioral theory to maximize behavior change and weight loss. The findings of this study will have significant implications for the affordable delivery of effective weight management interventions to patients with limited access to health care.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Child must be between 10 and 17 years old
* Child and at least one of their parents must be able to read at the grade 5 level or above
* Parent participant must be the caregiver with whom the child primarily lives
* Families must have a computer or mobile device and internet access at home
* Child participants must be either overweight or obese, as defined by the age and gender specific WHO cut-offs for children and adolescents aged 5 to 19

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of any musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, or orthopedic problems or disabilities precluding the participant from being physically active
* Any other physical condition that precludes the participant from being physically active
* Diagnosis of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa
* Diagnosis of Type I diabetes
* Dietary restrictions or special diets that limit a participant's ability to eat a variety of foods
* Simultaneous participation in another physical activity, nutrition, or weight management study/program
* Use of medication, nutritional supplements, or herbal preparations to help lose weight
* Pregnancy
* A history of psychiatric problems or substance abuse which would interfere with adherence to the study protocol
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age: 18 - 65 years
* BMI: 30,0 - 39,9 kg/m2
* Owner of a smartphone
* Caucasian
* No severe diseases
* Informed written consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diabetes mellitus
* Severe cardiovascular and/or respiratory disease
* Untreated high blood pressure
* Severe kidney disease
* Active cancer (or in remission)
* Inflammatory bowel disease
* Severe chronic infections and/or inflammations
* Severe mental-health disorders
* Neurodegenerative disorders
* Endocrine diseases
* Lipedema
* Pregnancy and lactation
* Vigorous weight fluctuations (\> 5 kg) in the last 3 months
* Immobility
* Surgery in the last 3 months
* Participation in other intervention studies
* Carrier of pace makers
* Blood donation or transfusion in the last 3 months
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with BMI \>25 will be recruited from the primary care clinics at Hines Hospital VAMC. Enrollment of patients with this BMI criteria allows comparability with other obesity behavioral treatment trials. The enrollment policy is also consistent with the 2005 VA/DoD Practice Guideline that recommends obesity treatment for all Veterans with BMI \>25.
* Male or female Veterans
* Age \>18
* With chronic pain (Numeric Rating Scale of pain intensity \[NRS-I\] \> 4 for \> 6 months prior to enrollment)
* Ready to make a weight loss effort involving diet and activity change
* Able to communicate comfortably in English.
* The primary pain complaint must be possibly related to obesity (e.g., back, knee, leg, neck, arm, or full-body pain, and not exclusively headache or cancer-related pain).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Has an active eating disorder or substance abuse disorder --Participating in another VA-funded research project -Significant cognitive or sensorimotor impairment precluding use of the PDA
* Already participating in a structured diet or exercise program or plans to begin such a program outside the study during the next year; requires use of an assistive device for mobility
* At risk for adverse cardiovascular events with moderate intensity activity
* Plans to relocate within the upcoming year
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Body mass index (BMI) is \> 25 kg/m2 and \< 35 kg/m2.
* Willing to use cell phones provided by the PBRC or personal cell phones to take pictures of foods during the study and to receive messages from study personnel.
* Willing to wear an activity monitor on your shoe and to use the internet to send information as frequently as once daily.
* Willing to weigh on a scale provided by the PBRC as frequently as once per day
* Willing to accept random assignment to either the e-Health (RIDE group) or control group.
* Weight stable, defined as no greater than 4.4 lbs. (2 kg) weight change over the previous 60 days.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosed with a chronic disease that affects body weight, appetite, or metabolism, namely diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and thyroid diseases or conditions.
* Currently in a weight loss program.
* Unable to engage in moderate intensity exercise.
* Unable to diet or exercise due to your medical history or current health status.
* Current use of prescriptions or over-the-counter medications or herbal products that affect appetite, body weight, or metabolism (e.g., weight loss medications such as sibutramine, antipsychotic medications such as olanzapine, ephedrine, and diuretics).
* Diagnosed with uncontrolled hypertension (high blood pressure), defined as systolic blood pressure \>159 mmHg \& diastolic blood pressure \>99 mmHg.
* For females, current pregnancy, or plans to become pregnant in the duration of the study.

Answer: D