Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy (HFNC) Alone or Associated With Noninvasive Ventilation (NIV) for Immunocompromised Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit for Acute Respiratory Failure : FLORALI-Immunodéprimés
Brief Summary: Acute respiratory failure is the leading cause of ICU admission of immunocompromized patients. In this subgroup of patients, the need for intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation occurs in about 50% of cases and is associated with very a high mortality rate, reaching 70% of cases. Therefore, noninvasive oxygenation strategies have been developed to avoid intubation.

More than 15 years ago, 2 trials have suggested that NIV could decrease intubation and mortality rates of immunocompromized patients as compared to standard oxygen through a mask. However these results have not been confirmed in a recent large trial.

HFNC is a recent and well-tolerated oxygenation technique. In a recent trial, HFNC alone could decrease mortality and intubation rates in patients with ARF as compared to NIV. Similar findings have been reported in a post-hoc analysis on immunocompromized patients excluding those with profound neutropenia. Likewise in a retrospective monocentric cohort of immunocompromized patients, we reported better outcomes with HFNC than with NIV.


Options:
A: Arm Label: NIV/HFNC group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: NIV/HFNC | Arm Label: HFNC group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: HFNC | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: NIV/HFNC; Assigned to Arm(s): NIV/HFNC group | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: HFNC; Assigned to Arm(s): HFNC group
B: Arm Label: BIPAP; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: Non invasive ventilation (VNI) | Arm Label: OPTIFLOW; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: Non invasive ventilation | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Non invasive ventilation (VNI); Assigned to Arm(s): BIPAP | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Non invasive ventilation; Assigned to Arm(s): OPTIFLOW
C: Arm Label: Standard oxygen therapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: Nasal high flow cannula (OptiflowTM, MR850 heated humidified, Fisher & Paykel Healthcare, Auckland, New Zealand) | Arm Label: nasal high flow oxygen therapy; Type: OTHER; Interventions: Device: Nasal high flow cannula (OptiflowTM, MR850 heated humidified, Fisher & Paykel Healthcare, Auckland, New Zealand) | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Nasal high flow cannula (OptiflowTM, MR850 heated humidified, Fisher & Paykel Healthcare, Auckland, New Zealand); Assigned to Arm(s): Standard oxygen therapy, nasal high flow oxygen therapy
D: Arm Label: Venturi group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: Venturi mask, Drug: Oxygen | Arm Label: HFNC group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: High Flow Nasal Canula (HFNC), Drug: Oxygen | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: High Flow Nasal Canula (HFNC); Assigned to Arm(s): HFNC group | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Venturi mask; Assigned to Arm(s): Venturi group | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Oxygen; Assigned to Arm(s): HFNC group, Venturi group

Answer: A