Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Prevention of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Behavioral Problems in Children and Adolescents After Road Traffic Accidents: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to study the effectiveness of an early psychological intervention 7-10 days after a road traffic accident on posttraumatic stress and behavior of children and adolescents


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

Age 7-16 y Command of German language Road traffic accident inpatient or outpatient treatment at the University Children's Hospital Zurich no pretraumatic developmental delay

Exclusion Criteria:

severe head injury No command of the German language Age below 7 y or above 16 y Other major systemic illness
B: Inclusion Criteria:

Adolescents:

(A) Youth ages 13 through 18 who are English speaking. (B) Youth must be experiencing elevated level of depressive symptoms on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale (score \>/= 16). (C) Youth will be included if they have a past history of depression, anxiety, externalizing symptoms, or substance abuse. Youth presenting in partial remission from a major depressive episode at Baseline will be rescreened after 2 months utilizing the phone screen to ensure episode is fully remitted prior to randomization or access to study intervention. Those who do not fully remit after two months will be excluded.

Parents:

\*Parent of eligible adolescents

Physicians (PCP) or NP:

\*Physician in any of the study sites

Healthcare Professionals:

\*Primary care practice for a minimum of 6 months

Exclusion Criteria:

Adolescents:

* Current DSM-IV diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder
* Current therapy for depression, or be taking antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs, TCAs, MAOIs, bupropion, nefazodone, mirtazapine, venlafaxine);
* Current CES-D score \>35;
* DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia (current or past) or bipolar affective disorder;
* Current serious medical illness that causes significant disability or dysfunction;
* Significant reading impairment (a minimum sixth-grade reading level based on parental report), mental retardation, or developmental disabilities;
* Serious imminent suicidal risk (as determined by endorsement of current suicide on CES-D or in KSADS interview) or other conditions that may require immediate psychiatric hospitalization
* Psychotic features or disorders, or currently be receiving psychotropic medication
* Extreme, current drug/alcohol abuse (greater than or equal to 2 on the CRAFFT).

Parents:

* Ineligible child
* Non-English speaking

Physicians:

\*None

Healthcare Professionals:

\*None
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* age 15-21 years and
* two risk factors for developing depression in the next two years:

  * Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) score \> 12 and either a family history or past personal history of depression.
  * Exclusion criteria include meeting criteria or undergoing active treatment for M. depression, or having suicidal ideation

Exclusion Criteria:

* undergoing active treatment for M. depression, or having suicidal ideation
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Student with above average levels of depression and anxiety symptoms (students with average or below average symptoms will be enrolled into the study space permitting)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Not a student in a participating school
* Not a student in grades six through eight

Answer: A