Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Efficacy of Serratus Anterior Plane (SAP) Block Versus Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) Block for Quality of Recovery After Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery : A Randomised Control Trial
Brief Summary: During VATS (Video assisted thoracic surgery) small incisions are made in the patient's chest through which a camera and instruments are inserted to allow a lung operation to be performed. Often patients experience a substantial amount of pain and difficult recovery after this type of operation. Anaesthesiologists sometimes use "Regional Anaesthesia" to minimise the pain and help patient recovery after the operation. This involves injecting local anaesthesia into the nerves around the chest wall to effectively numb that part of the chest. There is a variety of different locations on the chest wall where the local anaesthetic can be deposited and no study has measured whether one technique is better than the other in terms of improving patients' recovery experience. Our study compares two new techniques for Regional Anaesthesia after this type of surgery. Participants will be randomly assigned (like tossing a coin) to receive either a SAP (Serratus Anterior Plane) or ESP (Erector Spinae Plane) Block. Both techniques are described within last five years, but have never been compared for chest surgery


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male and Female participants providing written informed consent,
* ASA grade 1- 4,
* aged over 18
* undergoing a VATS procedure under General Anaesthesia

Exclusion Criteria:

* Absence of informed written consent,
* pre existing infection at block site,-
* severe coagulopathy,
* allergy to local anaesthesia,
* pre existing neurological deficit,
* previous history of opiate abuse,
* pre existing chronic pain condition,
* pre-existing dementia \[because of need to co-operate in completing QoR-15 score day after surgery\].
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* female 18-65 years old patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy

Exclusion Criteria:

* patient refusal, local infection at site of block coagulation defect abnormal kidney or liver functions
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* ASA I-II
* Age 18-65 years
* Undergoing elective lomber disc hernia

Exclusion Criteria:

* obesity
* ASA III - IV
* infection of the skin at the site of needle puncture area
* patients with known allergies to any of the study drugs
* coagulopathy
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* undergoing unilateral or bilateral breast surgery with at least moderate postoperative pain anticipated
* analgesic plan includes a single-injection peripheral nerve block(s)
* age 18 years or older.

Exclusion Criteria:

* morbid obesity as defined by a body mass index \> 40 (BMI=weight in kg / \[height in meters\]2)
* renal insufficiency (preoperative creatinine \> 1.5 mg/dL)
* chronic opioid use (daily use within the 2 weeks prior to surgery and duration of use \> 4 weeks)
* history of opioid abuse
* any comorbidity which results in moderate or severe functional limitation
* inability to communicate with the investigators or hospital staff
* pregnancy
* planned regional analgesic with perineural catheter placement
* incarceration

Answer: A