Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Effect of Aromatherapy on Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and Salivary Cortisol Levels
Brief Summary: Determine the effectiveness of lavender and chamomile aromatherapy of mitigation of symptoms of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* ≥ 37 weeks gestation
* exposure to opiates in utero
* demonstration of signs and symptoms of neonatal abstinence syndrome requiring treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

* major congenital malformations and/or intrauterine growth retardation
* medical illness requiring intensification of medical therapy
* concomitant benzodiazepine or severe alcohol abuse, self-report of regular use of alcohol or of benzodiazepines use in the past 30 days, and/or receipt of benzodiazepines by prescription (as determined by self-report or intake urine) by the mother during pregnancy,
* concomitant use of CYP 3A inhibitors (erythromycin, clarithromycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole, HIV protease inhibitors) or inducers (rifampin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital) prior to initiation of NAS treatment
* seizure activity or other neurologic abnormality
* breast feeding
* inability of mother to give informed consent due to co-morbid psychiatric diagnosis
* hypoglycemia requiring treatment with intravenous glucose
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Chronic in utero exposure to opiates
2. Term infant, greater than or equal to 37 weeks gestation
3. Failure of non-pharmacologic treatment of NAS
4. Infant meets criteria for pharmacologic treatment of NAS as determined by physical findings consistent with drug withdrawal and Finnegan scoring system
5. The attending neonatologist chooses to treat the qualifying infant with oral methadone.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Prematurity
2. Congenital Abnormalities
3. Acutely ill neonates
4. Confounding medical illness necessitating therapy with opiates other than for NAS
5. Neonates whose only exposure to opiates were narcotics administered during labor
6. Infants who are wards of the state
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* ≥ 37 weeks gestation
* Exposure to opiates in utero
* Demonstration of signs and symptoms of neonatal abstinence syndrome requiring treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Major congenital malformations and/or intrauterine growth retardation
* Medical illness requiring intensification of medical therapy. This includes, but is not limited to suspected sepsis requiring antibiotic therapy.
* Hypoglycemia requiring treatment with intravenous dextrose.
* Bilirubin \>20 mg/dL (The need for phototherapy is not exclusionary)
* Concomitant benzodiazepine or severe alcohol abuse , self-report of regular use of alcohol or of benzodiazepines use in the past 30 days, and/or receipt of benzodiazepines by prescription (as determined by self-report or intake urine) by the mother 30 days prior to birth,
* Concomitant use of Cytrochrom (CYP) 3A inhibitors (erythromycin, clarithromycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole, HIV protease inhibitors) or inducers (rifampin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital) prior to initiation of NAS treatment
* Seizure activity or other neurologic abnormality
* Breast feeding
* Inability of mother to give informed consent due to co-morbid psychiatric diagnosis
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Infants greater than or equal to 36 weeks EGA
* Intrauterine opioid exposure
* Primary diagnosis of NAS
* Parental permission to participate

Exclusion Criteria:

* Infants less than 36 weeks EGA
* Major congenital anomalies
* Latrogenic drug withdrawal
* Diagnosis of infection or respiratory distress
* Prior initiation of opioid replacement therapy
* Non-English speaking
* Infants with respiratory conditions

Answer: D