TrialPanorama/Dataset huggingface dataset:
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Immunogenicity and Safety of Two Doses of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Biologicals' Oral Live Attenuated Human Rotavirus (HRV) Liquid Vaccine (GSK 357941A) in Healthy Infants.
Brief Summary: This study will provide data on the immune response and safety of GSK Biologicals' HRV liquid vaccine when given along with the routine infant immunizations in Philippines.


Options:
A: Arm Label: HIV-uninfected RotaTeq; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: RotaTeq | Arm Label: HIV-uninfected Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Biological: Placebo | Arm Label: HIV-infected RotaTeq; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: RotaTeq | Arm Label: HIV-1 infected Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Biological: Placebo | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: RotaTeq; Assigned to Arm(s): HIV-infected RotaTeq, HIV-uninfected RotaTeq | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): HIV-1 infected Placebo, HIV-uninfected Placebo
B: Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Rotavirus; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
C: Arm Label: HRV PCV-free Liq Group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: Rotarix, Biological: Pediarix, Biological: Hiberix, Biological: Prevenar 13 | Arm Label: HRV Lyo Group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Biological: Rotarix, Biological: Pediarix, Biological: Hiberix, Biological: Prevenar 13 | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Rotarix; Assigned to Arm(s): HRV Lyo Group, HRV PCV-free Liq Group | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Pediarix; Assigned to Arm(s): HRV Lyo Group, HRV PCV-free Liq Group | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Hiberix; Assigned to Arm(s): HRV Lyo Group, HRV PCV-free Liq Group | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Prevenar 13; Assigned to Arm(s): HRV Lyo Group, HRV PCV-free Liq Group
D: Arm Label: PLACEBO-ROTARIX-ROTARIX GROUP; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: Rotarix™, Biological: Placebo | Arm Label: ROTARIX-PLACEBO-ROTARIX GROUP; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: Rotarix™, Biological: Placebo | Arm Label: PLACEBO GROUP; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Biological: Placebo | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Rotarix™; Assigned to Arm(s): PLACEBO-ROTARIX-ROTARIX GROUP, ROTARIX-PLACEBO-ROTARIX GROUP | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): PLACEBO GROUP, PLACEBO-ROTARIX-ROTARIX GROUP, ROTARIX-PLACEBO-ROTARIX GROUP

Answer: D
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Phase III Randomized Trial of Thalidomide Plus Zoledronic Acid Versus Zoledronic Acid Alone in Patients With Early Stage Multiple Myeloma
Brief Summary: RATIONALE: Zoledronate may prevent bone loss and stop the growth of cancer cells in bone. Thalidomide may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking blood flow to the cancer. It is not yet know whether giving zoledronate together with thalidomide is more effective than zoledronate alone in treating multiple myeloma.

PURPOSE: This randomized phase III trial is studying zoledronate and thalidomide see how well they work compared with zoledronate alone in treating patients with early stage multiple myeloma.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Zoledronate acid; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: zoledronic acid | Arm Label: No treatment control; Type: OTHER; Interventions: Other: No treatment control | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: zoledronic acid; Assigned to Arm(s): Zoledronate acid | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: No treatment control; Assigned to Arm(s): No treatment control
B: Arm Label: zoledronic acid; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Zoledronic Acid | Arm Label: denosumab; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: Denosumab | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Denosumab; Assigned to Arm(s): denosumab | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Zoledronic Acid; Assigned to Arm(s): zoledronic acid
C: Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: pamidronate; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
D: Arm Label: Arm I: Thal/ZLD; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Thalidomide, Drug: zoledronic acid | Arm Label: Arm II: ZLD; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: zoledronic acid | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Thalidomide; Assigned to Arm(s): Arm I: Thal/ZLD | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: zoledronic acid; Assigned to Arm(s): Arm I: Thal/ZLD, Arm II: ZLD

Answer: D
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Falls Prevention for People With Increased Risk of Fractures as a Result of Osteoporosis: a Randomized Controlled Study on the Effects of a Modified Program
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to determine wether a falls prevention program can reduce fall incidence in people with osteoporosis.


Options:
A: Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Falls Prevention Program; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
B: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Exercise Training | Arm Label: 2; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Exercise training | Arm Label: 3; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Exercise training | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Exercise Training; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Exercise training; Assigned to Arm(s): 2 | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Exercise training; Assigned to Arm(s): 3
C: Arm Label: Tai Ji Quan: Moving for Better Balance; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Tai Ji Quan: Moving for Better Balance | Arm Label: Multimodal Exercise; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Multimodal Exercise | Arm Label: Stretching; Type: SHAM_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Stretching | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Tai Ji Quan: Moving for Better Balance; Assigned to Arm(s): Tai Ji Quan: Moving for Better Balance | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Multimodal Exercise; Assigned to Arm(s): Multimodal Exercise | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Stretching; Assigned to Arm(s): Stretching
D: Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: physical exercise, wellness; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A

Answer: A
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Double-blind, Randomised, Controlled, Multi-centre Safety Study of a Refrigerator-stable Formulation of VARIVAX® in Healthy 12 to 15 Month-old Infants.
Brief Summary: Primary objective:

To describe the safety profile of a refrigerator-stable formulation of VARIVAX® as a first single dose injection in 12 to 15 month-old infants in the 42-day follow-up period post-vaccination.

Secondary objectives: NA


Options:
A: Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: M-M-R™II manufactured with recombinant Human Albumin (rHA) and VARIVAX®; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
B: Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: VARIVAX®; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: M-M-RTM II; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
C: Arm Label: MMRV Group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: Priorix-tetra™ | Arm Label: OKAH Group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: Priorix™, Biological: Varilrix™ | Arm Label: MMR Group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Biological: Priorix™ | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Priorix-tetra™; Assigned to Arm(s): MMRV Group | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Priorix™; Assigned to Arm(s): MMR Group, OKAH Group | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Varilrix™; Assigned to Arm(s): OKAH Group
D: Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: MMRV; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: MMR (Priorix®); Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Varicella (Varilrix®); Assigned to Arm(s): N/A

Answer: B
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: STAMPEDE: Surgical Therapy And Medications Potentially Eradicate Diabetes Efficiently
Brief Summary: The aim of the study is to compare the relative clinical outcomes between advanced medical therapy alone or advanced medical therapy combined with bariatric surgery \[either Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) or laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy\] in patients with type 2 diabetes and a body mass index (BMI) between 27 and 43 kg/m2. The study will examine the short and long term effects of each intervention on biochemical resolution of diabetes, diabetic complications, and end-organ damage.


Options:
A: Arm Label: 1; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Arm Label: 2; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: gastric bypass | Arm Label: 3; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: sleeve gastrectomy | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: gastric bypass; Assigned to Arm(s): 2 | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: sleeve gastrectomy; Assigned to Arm(s): 3
B: Arm Label: Medical therapy; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Arm Label: Gastric Bypass; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Gastric bypass | Arm Label: Sleeve Gastrectomy; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Sleeve Gastrectomy | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Gastric bypass; Assigned to Arm(s): Gastric Bypass | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Sleeve Gastrectomy; Assigned to Arm(s): Sleeve Gastrectomy
C: Arm Label: EndoBarrier Device; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: EndoBarrier Device, Behavioral: Diet & Lifestyle Counseling | Arm Label: Control; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Diet & Lifestyle Counseling | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: EndoBarrier Device; Assigned to Arm(s): EndoBarrier Device | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Diet & Lifestyle Counseling; Assigned to Arm(s): Control, EndoBarrier Device
D: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Laparoscopic Biliopancreatic diversion with Duodenal switch | Arm Label: 2; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Laparoscopic Biliopancreatic diversion with Duodenal switch; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass; Assigned to Arm(s): 2

Answer: B
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effect of Bosentan on Exercise Capacity at High Altitude
Brief Summary: This study is to determine whether bosentan will alter exercise capacity after rapid ascent to high altitude.

We hypothesize that bosentan administration will improve arterial oxygenation and exercise capacity.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Bosentan; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Bosentan | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Bosentan; Assigned to Arm(s): Bosentan | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo
B: Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Bosentan administration; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
C: Arm Label: STI571; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Imatinib mesylate | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Arm Label: All Patients; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Imatinib mesylate | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Imatinib mesylate; Assigned to Arm(s): All Patients, STI571 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo
D: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: bosentan | Arm Label: 2; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: bosentan; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): 2

Answer: B
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effect of Bosentan on Exercise Capacity at High Altitude
Brief Summary: This study is to determine whether bosentan will alter exercise capacity after rapid ascent to high altitude.

We hypothesize that bosentan administration will improve arterial oxygenation and exercise capacity.


Options:
A: Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Bosentan; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
B: Arm Label: 1; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Bosentan | Arm Label: 2; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Bosentan; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): 2
C: Arm Label: Combination ambrisentan + tadalafil; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: ambrisentan, Drug: tadalafil | Arm Label: Monotherapy ambrisentan; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: ambrisentan | Arm Label: Monotherapy tadalafil; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: tadalafil | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: ambrisentan; Assigned to Arm(s): Combination ambrisentan + tadalafil, Monotherapy ambrisentan | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: tadalafil; Assigned to Arm(s): Combination ambrisentan + tadalafil, Monotherapy tadalafil
D: Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Bosentan administration; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A

Answer: D
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Efficacy and Safety of NIPPV to Increase Survival Without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
Brief Summary: The machines and oxygen used to help very premature babies breathe can have side-effects, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Infants with BPD get more complications (a higher death rate, a longer time in intensive care and on assisted ventilation, more hospital readmissions in the first year of life, and more learning problems) than infants who do not develop BPD. Doctors try to remove the tube in the wind-pipe that links the baby to the breathing machine as soon as possible. However, small babies get tired, and still require help to breathe. One of the standard and common techniques to help them breathe without a tube in the wind-pipe is to use simple pressure support, nasal continuous positive airway pressure or nCPAP. This supports breathing a little, but it is often not enough to prevent the need to go back on the breathing machine.

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is similar to nCPAP, but also gives some breaths, or extra support, to babies through a small tube in the nose. NIPPV is safe and effective, and already in use as an alternate "standard" therapy.

The main research question: After being weaned from the breathing machine, is NIPPV better than nCPAP in preventing BPD in premature babies weighing 999 grams or less at birth?


Options:
A: Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Caffeine citrate injection; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
B: Arm Label: NSIPPV group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: NSIPPV | Arm Label: BiPAP group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: BiPAP | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: NSIPPV; Assigned to Arm(s): NSIPPV group | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: BiPAP; Assigned to Arm(s): BiPAP group
C: Arm Label: A; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: NIPPV | Arm Label: B; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: nCPAP | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: nCPAP; Assigned to Arm(s): B | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: NIPPV; Assigned to Arm(s): A
D: Arm Label: CPAP ventilation mode; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: CPAP ventilation mode | Arm Label: NIPPV ventilation mode; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: NIPPV ventilation mode | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: CPAP ventilation mode; Assigned to Arm(s): CPAP ventilation mode | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: NIPPV ventilation mode; Assigned to Arm(s): NIPPV ventilation mode

Answer: C
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Efficacy and Safety of NIPPV to Increase Survival Without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
Brief Summary: The machines and oxygen used to help very premature babies breathe can have side-effects, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Infants with BPD get more complications (a higher death rate, a longer time in intensive care and on assisted ventilation, more hospital readmissions in the first year of life, and more learning problems) than infants who do not develop BPD. Doctors try to remove the tube in the wind-pipe that links the baby to the breathing machine as soon as possible. However, small babies get tired, and still require help to breathe. One of the standard and common techniques to help them breathe without a tube in the wind-pipe is to use simple pressure support, nasal continuous positive airway pressure or nCPAP. This supports breathing a little, but it is often not enough to prevent the need to go back on the breathing machine.

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is similar to nCPAP, but also gives some breaths, or extra support, to babies through a small tube in the nose. NIPPV is safe and effective, and already in use as an alternate "standard" therapy.

The main research question: After being weaned from the breathing machine, is NIPPV better than nCPAP in preventing BPD in premature babies weighing 999 grams or less at birth?


Options:
A: Arm Label: CPAP ventilation mode; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: CPAP ventilation mode | Arm Label: NIPPV ventilation mode; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: NIPPV ventilation mode | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: CPAP ventilation mode; Assigned to Arm(s): CPAP ventilation mode | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: NIPPV ventilation mode; Assigned to Arm(s): NIPPV ventilation mode
B: Arm Label: A; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: NIPPV | Arm Label: B; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: nCPAP | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: nCPAP; Assigned to Arm(s): B | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: NIPPV; Assigned to Arm(s): A
C: Arm Label: NAVA-PS; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: noninvasive respiratory support with NAVA mode and PSV | Arm Label: PS-NAVA; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: noninvasive respiratory support with NAVA mode and PSV | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: noninvasive respiratory support with NAVA mode and PSV; Assigned to Arm(s): NAVA-PS, PS-NAVA
D: Arm Label: BP-NCPAP; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: BP-NCPAP | Arm Label: NIHFV; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: NIHFV | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: BP-NCPAP; Assigned to Arm(s): BP-NCPAP | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: NIHFV; Assigned to Arm(s): NIHFV

Answer: B
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Efficacy and Safety of NIPPV to Increase Survival Without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
Brief Summary: The machines and oxygen used to help very premature babies breathe can have side-effects, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Infants with BPD get more complications (a higher death rate, a longer time in intensive care and on assisted ventilation, more hospital readmissions in the first year of life, and more learning problems) than infants who do not develop BPD. Doctors try to remove the tube in the wind-pipe that links the baby to the breathing machine as soon as possible. However, small babies get tired, and still require help to breathe. One of the standard and common techniques to help them breathe without a tube in the wind-pipe is to use simple pressure support, nasal continuous positive airway pressure or nCPAP. This supports breathing a little, but it is often not enough to prevent the need to go back on the breathing machine.

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is similar to nCPAP, but also gives some breaths, or extra support, to babies through a small tube in the nose. NIPPV is safe and effective, and already in use as an alternate "standard" therapy.

The main research question: After being weaned from the breathing machine, is NIPPV better than nCPAP in preventing BPD in premature babies weighing 999 grams or less at birth?


Options:
A: Arm Label: NCPAP; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation | Arm Label: NIPPV; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation; Assigned to Arm(s): NCPAP, NIPPV
B: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Biphasic Infant flow NCPAP | Arm Label: 2; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: CPAP | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Biphasic Infant flow NCPAP; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: CPAP; Assigned to Arm(s): 2
C: Arm Label: NIPPV; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: NIPPV | Arm Label: Control; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: NIPPV | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: NIPPV; Assigned to Arm(s): Control, NIPPV | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: NIPPV; Assigned to Arm(s): Control, NIPPV | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: NIPPV; Assigned to Arm(s): Control, NIPPV
D: Arm Label: A; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: NIPPV | Arm Label: B; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: nCPAP | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: nCPAP; Assigned to Arm(s): B | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: NIPPV; Assigned to Arm(s): A

Answer: D
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Efficacy and Safety of NIPPV to Increase Survival Without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
Brief Summary: The machines and oxygen used to help very premature babies breathe can have side-effects, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Infants with BPD get more complications (a higher death rate, a longer time in intensive care and on assisted ventilation, more hospital readmissions in the first year of life, and more learning problems) than infants who do not develop BPD. Doctors try to remove the tube in the wind-pipe that links the baby to the breathing machine as soon as possible. However, small babies get tired, and still require help to breathe. One of the standard and common techniques to help them breathe without a tube in the wind-pipe is to use simple pressure support, nasal continuous positive airway pressure or nCPAP. This supports breathing a little, but it is often not enough to prevent the need to go back on the breathing machine.

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is similar to nCPAP, but also gives some breaths, or extra support, to babies through a small tube in the nose. NIPPV is safe and effective, and already in use as an alternate "standard" therapy.

The main research question: After being weaned from the breathing machine, is NIPPV better than nCPAP in preventing BPD in premature babies weighing 999 grams or less at birth?


Options:
A: Arm Label: NCPAP; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation | Arm Label: NIPPV; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation; Assigned to Arm(s): NCPAP, NIPPV
B: Arm Label: A; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: NIPPV | Arm Label: B; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: nCPAP | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: nCPAP; Assigned to Arm(s): B | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: NIPPV; Assigned to Arm(s): A
C: Arm Label: NAVA-PS; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: noninvasive respiratory support with NAVA mode and PSV | Arm Label: PS-NAVA; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: noninvasive respiratory support with NAVA mode and PSV | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: noninvasive respiratory support with NAVA mode and PSV; Assigned to Arm(s): NAVA-PS, PS-NAVA
D: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Biphasic Infant flow NCPAP | Arm Label: 2; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: CPAP | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Biphasic Infant flow NCPAP; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: CPAP; Assigned to Arm(s): 2

Answer: B