Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Tai Chi Mind-Body Therapy for Fibromyalgia: a Pilot Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to obtain preliminary data on the effects of Tai Chi on musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep quality, psychological distress, physical performance,and health status in 60 patients with fibromyalgia.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria for FMS(203)
2. Has been on stable doses of FMS medications (i.e., cyclobenzaprine, tramadol, gabapentin, pregabalin, venlafaxine, duloxetine, pramipexole, tricyclic anti-depressant, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) for at least 4 weeks and willing to limit the introduction of new medications for FMS symptoms
3. Age between 18-65 years old. Because the prevalence of sub-clinical coronary artery disease increases with older age, we are excluding those who are ≥ 66 years old

Exclusion Criteria:

1. FIQ-PI score \< 2
2. BPI-PS \<4
3. Known cardiovascular disease, including congestive heart failure; previous episodes of angina pectoris; previous myocardial infarction; or previous revascularization procedure
4. Moderate-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, including asthma
5. Uncontrolled hypertension
6. Orthopedic or musculoskeletal conditions that would prohibit moderate-intensity exercise
7. Active suicidal ideation
8. Planned elective surgery during the study period
9. Ongoing unresolved disability claims
10. Other major rheumatic conditions (i.e. rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma and other connective tissue disease)
11. Use of medications that may affect chronotropic response to exercise, i.e. beta-blocker or calcium channel blocker
12. Pregnancy
13. Schizophrenia or other psychosis
14. Exercising 3 days a week or more. The US Surgeon General considers a physically active person as somebody who does at least 3 times a week of moderate to vigorous level of exercise(204). Thus, we are excluding the already physically active individuals from the study. In the pilot study, only 4% (2 out of 50) of the potential participants were excluded due to being physically active.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* fibromyalgia, as defined by American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria.
* at least 18 years of age.
* have access to transportation to and from Providence Hospital, Southfield, MI.

Exclusion Criteria:

* co-morbid medical conditions capable of causing a worsening of physical functional status independent of FM, including morbid obesity, autoimmune diseases, cardiopulmonary disorders (e.g. angina, congestive heart failure, COPD, chronic asthma), uncontrolled endocrine or allergic disorders (e.g. thyroid dysfunction, Type I diabetes), pregnancy, and malignancy within the preceding 2 years.
* any present psychiatric disorder involving a history of psychosis (e.g. schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder etc.), post-traumatic stress disorder, current suicide risk or history of suicide attempt, or substance abuse within 2 years. Note: Subjects with mood or anxiety disorders otherwise will not be excluded.
* changes in medication regimen within one month prior to enrollment.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 21 or older
* Fulfills the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1990 diagnostic criteria for FM. (1) a history of widespread musculoskeletal pain on the right and left sides of the body as well as above and below the waist for a minimum duration of 3 months, and (2) pain in 11 or more of 18 specific tender points with moderate or greater tenderness reported upon digital palpation.
* Physically able to participate in both the Tai Chi and stretching and education programs according to their primary care physician.
* Willing to complete the 12-week study, including twice-a-week Tai Chi or stretching and education sessions

Exclusion Criteria

* Prior experience with Tai Chi or other similar types of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in the past 6 months such as Qi gong and yoga since these share some of the principles of Tai Chi
* Any health condition limiting the ability to participate as determined by a primary care physician
* Any other diagnosed medical condition that is known to contribute to FM symptomatology that is not under adequate control or cannot be expected to remain under adequate control for the study period such as thyroid disease, inflammatory arthritis, scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, myositis and vasculitis or Sjogren's syndrome
* Not English-Speaking
* Positive pregnancy test or planning pregnancy within the study period
* Inability to pass the Mini-Mental Status examination (score below 24)
* Enrollment in any other clinical trial within the last 30 days
* Plan to permanently relocate from the region during the trial period
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* fibromyalgia according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)

Exclusion Criteria:

* physical or psychological comorbidity that interferes with cognitive-behavioral treatment
* participation in other clinical trials
* other psychological treatments
* pregnancy
* illiteracy
* difficulties with understanding Dutch language

Answer: C