Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Do Technology Apps Improve Compliance in Adolescent Renal Transplant Recipients?
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to empower adolescent renal transplant recipients to fully understand their medical condition as well as to help them acquire the skills to maintain a healthy allograft well into adulthood. It is hoped that introducing technological applications (apps) will assist adolescents in managing medications, clinic appointments, lab appointments, and in tracking fluid intake, blood pressure, caloric intake, and exercise frequency. The investigators aim to improve adolescent post-renal transplant outcomes (increase medication adherence, lower clinic and laboratory no-show rate, lower blood pressure and BMI, maintain creatinine clearance, decrease proteinuria, decrease incidence of allograft rejection, decrease hospitalizations) as well as reduce cost.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* received a kidney or a kidney-pancreas transplant in the University Hospital Zürich

Exclusion Criteria:

* unstable psychiatric disorder
* cognitive impairment
* multi-organ transplantation with lung
* liver or heart
* illiteracy
* not able to speak and understand German
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. ≥21 years old;
2. First time recipient of a functioning solitary kidney transplant;
3. Prescribed ≥3 medications for immunosuppression and HTN;
4. Transplant MD's assent that patient is able to participate;
5. Ability to speak, hear and understand English;
6. Able to take their own BP;
7. Self-administers medications;
8. SBP \>129 mmHg at clinic visit(s) in 4 weeks prior, and at initial study evaluation at enrollment;
9. \*\*\*Only subjects with adherence score \<.85 after 1-month screening and SBP \>129 mmHg at baseline will be randomized.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Failure to meet any inclusion criterion;
2. Ongoing substance abuse (e.g., \>21 alcoholic drinks/week);
3. Psychiatric illness requiring treatment beyond antidepressants;
4. Will attempt to become pregnant within the year;
5. Pregnant or nursing women, prisoners, and institutionalized persons.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. age 18 years or older,
2. prescribed at least 1 immunosuppressive medication taken twice a day,
3. functioning KT (not on dialysis),
4. has received a kidney-only transplant,
5. agreement from the transplant physician and nephrologist that individual is able to participate in the study,
6. able to speak, hear, and understand English as determined by the ability to participate and comprehend conversation about potential inclusion in the study,
7. able to open a MEMS cap as assessed by the Research Assistant (RA) asking if there is any problem with opening pill bottle caps,
8. able to administer immunosuppressive medications to self,
9. has a telephone or has access to a telephone,
10. has no cognitive impairment as determined by a score of 4 or greater on the 6-item Telephone Mental Status Screen Derived from the Mini-Mental Status Exam,
11. has no other diagnoses that may shorten life span, such as metastatic cancer,
12. is not currently hospitalized,
13. receives post-transplant care by the Missouri or Tennessee transplant programs.

Exclusion Criteria:

* None
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adolescent patients between 12 and 18 years of age with kidney transplants seen at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital for their transplant care at least every 3 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Non-English speaking,
* significant cognitive delays,
* seen in clinic less often than every 3 months.

Answer: D