Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effective Analgesia Using the 5 S's During Routine Immunizations at 2 and 4 Months
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to observe and measure the analgesic effectiveness of the 5 S's (swaddling, side/stomach position, shushing, swinging, and sucking) alone and combined with sucrose, during routine immunizations at 2 and 4 month well child visits.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Being born by cesarean section,
2. Being a term newborn,
3. Being completed the 24th hour of the postnatal period,
4. Staying with birth mother,
5. Being fed in the last half hour before the procedure,
6. Having a heel prick performed by the same nurse,
7. Giving blood on the first try (because pain level may change on the second try),
8. Having a mother who gave written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Having no health problem,
2. Being underwent more than 2 invasive interventions,
3. Receiving an analgesic/sedative drug in the 8 hours before the application.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* infants with a gestational age between 32-42 weeks at delivery and post-natal age of less than 20 weeks old

Exclusion Criteria:

* acetaminophen or ibuprofen administration within 4 hours prior to immunization, current neurological disorder, known genetic anomaly, moderate to severe illness with or without fever at the time of vaccination, anaphylactic reaction to previous dose of vaccine, or if infant was previously enrolled in the study at 2 months.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Have just given birth (\<48 hours)
* Intention to breastfeed for 6 weeks
* Has daily access to a computer with internet
* Access to a phone
* Read and speak English
* Delivered a healthy singleton infant born \>37 weeks gestational age

Exclusion Criteria:

* Infants with congenital anomalies
* Mothers with major mental health issues (i.e Schizophrenia, Mania, Bipolar Disorder)
* Complications during delivery requiring intervention
* Mothers with major health issues that are not associated with pregnancy as determined by principal investigator (i.e. infection illness such as HIV+, hepatitis, diabetes, history of seizures, current diagnosis of cancer).
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy, full term, normally breastfeeding infants, whose mother is willing to breastfeed during the painful procedure and consents to study participation. Normally breastfeeding infants will be defined as those infants who had fed directly at the breast a minimum of two times in the 24-hours prior to blood collection and whose mother and/or staff nurse reported active sucking and swallowing during those feeds. Infants who have undergone repeated heel lancing for blood glucose and/or bilirubin monitoring (e.g., small or large for gestational age infants, infants born to diabetic mothers, or with hyperbilirubinemia) will be considered eligible, however, diagnosis and the number of prior painful procedures will be recorded and retained for statistical analysis.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Infants will not be eligible for study participation if they are a twin birth (including all classifications of monozygotic and dizygotic twins) due to the potential for non-independence of outcomes between twin pairs, show signs of infection, significant lower limb tissue damage, have had previous surgery or intra-ventricular hemorrhage, are born to opioid using mothers or with significant genetic disorders, are unable to breastfeed or have contraindications to sucrose administration, or whose parents are unable to provide written informed consent.

Answer: B