Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomised Controlled Trial to Investigate an Educational Programme and Continuous Monitoring to Prevent Diabetes in Individuals With Screen Detected Pre-diabetes in a Multi-ethnic Population
Brief Summary: The study aims to identify people at high diabetes risk within the local population and then implement and evaluate a pragmatic and low-cost diabetes prevention programme containing structured education on lifestyle, physical activity and food choices. An ongoing support framework will continue to reinforce and maintain the participant's individual goals to prevent the development of diabetes and reduce cardiovascular risk.

Therefore the principal question is: can we significantly reduce the incidence of diabetes through structured education in a high risk multi-ethnic UK population?


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

Screening study: Every one aged 40-69 years (UK and DK) or 50-69 years(NL). Treatment study: All with screen detected type 2 diabetes.

Exclusion Criteria:

Participants are excluded if they already have diabetes at time of screening, are pregnant or lactating or have a severe psychotic illness, are house bound or have an illness with a likely survival of less than one year.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

The investigators will recruit 315 non-diabetic Veterans receiving primary care at the Ann Arbor VA Medical Center who meet the following inclusion criteria:

* willing to complete a HIPAA authorization form
* no HbA1c results in previous 12 months
* due for VA Primary Care appointment approximately 12 weeks of sending a recruitment letter and who have a body-mass index (BMI) 30 kg/m2
* or BMI 25 kg/m2 with \> 1 obesity-related condition such as:

  * hypertension
  * hyperlipidemia
  * Hypoalphalipoproteinemia
  * Coronary Artery Disease
  * Peripheral Vascular Disease
  * Hypertriglyceridemia
  * past hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of 5.7 - 6.4
  * past diagnosis of Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG)
  * or Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT)
  * or Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Exclusion Criteria:

* The investigators will exclude patients who are \> 75 years of age
* are receiving chemotherapy for cancer, or have:

  * dementia
  * diabetes
  * dementia
  * New York Heart Association Class III or IV congestive heart failure
  * pregnancy
  * Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage 4 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
  * end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
  * cirrhosis
  * or have been hospitalized or received rehab for stroke or myocardial infarction within the past 6 months
C: Patients that will be included into the study if they have either / or

* Diagnosed with Pre-Diabetes (IGT or IFG)
* Aged 40 - 75 if English speaking European or 25 - 75 if South Asian
* Able to attend group education sessions

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients will be excluded from the study if they are:

* Unable to give consent
* Unable to attend group education sessions
* Diagnosis of diabetes at screening or during the study
* Require an interpreter for language other than South Asian
D: Inclusion Criteria:

Patients who will be included into the study will be from the following groups:

* White European subjects aged between 40-75 years
* Asian, Black, or Chinese subjects aged between 25-75 years

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients will be excluded from the study if they:

* Are housebound
* Have a terminal illness
* Have diabetes mellitus
* Have an active psychotic illness which deems them unable to give informed consent.
* Are pregnant or lactating
* Are taking part in any other clinical trials

Answer: C