Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: RECALL: Retaining Cognition While Avoiding Late-Life Depression
Brief Summary: This study will adapt Problem Solving Therapy (PST) for individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as an intervention for preventing major depression (DEP). PST will be modified so as to be provided to both MCI probands as well as their support person. The primary aim is to examine the effectiveness of PST in individuals with MCI and the support person, at preventing DEP over 12 mos. in MCI probands. We also will examine the effect of exercise on preventing depression.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Meets Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders(DSM)IV criteria for unipolar major depression
* Severity of depression greater than or equal to 17 on MADRS
* Disability as determined by at least 1 impairment in instrumental activities of daily living
* Evidence of executive dysfunction or impairment in at least one of the following cognitive domains of Dementia Rating Scale (DRS): attention, construction, conceptualization, and memory (\[scaled score less than 7\] adjusted for age and race based on Mayo's older participants normative data)
* Family member or caregiver able and willing to participate in treatment
* Not currently taking antidepressants, cholinesterase inhibitors, or memantine or on a stable dosage for 8 weeks prior to study entry with no medical recommendation for change of these agents in the near future

Exclusion Criteria:

* High suicide risk
* Axis I psychiatric disorder or substance abuse other than unipolar major depression or nonpsychotic depression
* Axis II diagnosis of antisocial personality
* Moderate to severe dementia: DRS total score corresponding to moderate or more severe impairment (scaled score less than or equal to 5)
* Acute or severe medical illness (e.g., delirium; metastatic cancer; decompensated cardiac; liver or kidney failure; major surgery; stroke; myocardial infarction during the 3 months prior to entry)
* Currently taking drugs known to cause depression (e.g., reserpine, alpha-methyl-dopa, steroids)
* Currently receiving psychotherapy
* Aphasia
* Sensory problems
* Inability to speak English
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 65 years and older
* Having a friend/relative willing to serve as a Knowledgeable Informant (KI)
* Diagnosis of aMCI-MD
* Self-identified as African American

Exclusion Criteria:

* Psychiatric diagnosis, including dementia and major depression
* Sensory deficits that preclude neuropsychological testing
* Institutional residence
* Reduced life expectancy due to known terminal illness
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients have to meet NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for probable or possible AD (McKhann et al., 1984). Mixed Alzheimer and Vascular dementia cases will also be included.
* Only AD cases with a mild dementia severity will be included, determined by the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale (i.e. scores of 0.5 or 1, Morris, 1993) and by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) (i.e. scores of 20 or more, Folstein, Folstein, \& McHugh, 1975).
* The patient must suffer under any non-cognitive symptom that motivates him to accept psy-chotherapeutic help.
* A caregiver must be available to take part in most of the therapy sessions.

Exclusion Criteria:

* concomitant alcohol or drug addiction and a history of a malignant disease, severe organ failure, metabolic or hematologic disorders, neurosurgery or neurological condition such as Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, postencephalitic and postconcussional syndrome
D: MCI participant Inclusion Criteria:

1. =\> age 60
2. Modified Mini Mental State (3MS) =\> 80
3. MCI diagnosis
4. Adequate physical and sensory function to undergo NP assessment
5. PHQ-9 score 1-9, with at least one of the cardinal symptoms of depression (low mood or anhedonia) endorsed.

MCI participant Exclusion Criteria:

1. Major Depressive Episode or anxiety disorder within the past 1 year
2. Currently taking an anti-depressant
3. History of Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia
4. Drug or alcohol use disorder within 12 months
5. Currently taking anti-anxiety med \>4x/week for the past 4 weeks

Support person Inclusion Criteria:

1. =\> age 18
2. Modified Mini Mental State (3MS) =\> 80
3. Normal Cognitive Function
4. Adequate physical and sensory function to undergo NP assessment
5. PHQ-9 score 1-9, with at least one of the cardinal symptoms of depression (low mood or anhedonia) endorsed.

Support person Exclusion Criteria:

1. Major Depressive Episode or anxiety disorder within the past 1 year
2. Currently taking an anti-depressant
3. History of Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia
4. Drug or alcohol use disorder within 12 months
5. Currently taking anti-anxiety med \>4x/week for the past 4 weeks

Answer: D