Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Prospective Study Investigating Optimal Duration of Indwelling Urinary Catheter Following Infraperitoneal Colorectal Surgery and Role of Postoperative Alpha Blockade
Brief Summary: There is no general agreement about the optimal duration of postoperative urinary drainage, with relevant literature reporting durations ranging from 1 to 10 days. The available research supporting the routine use of prolonged catheterization is limited and studies investigating early removal following infraperitoneal colorectal surgery have largely been underpowered to form valid practice conclusions. The aim of the investigators study is to determine whether a postoperative colorectal patient can safely have an indwelling catheter removed on postoperative day one (24 hours following surgery) with the addition of a study medication (prazosin), without a statistically significant difference in the incidence of urinary retention compared to the standard, accepted approach of delayed removal (72 hours postoperatively). Patients undergoing laparoscopic and open pelvic colorectal surgery below the peritoneal reflection for both benign and malignant conditions will be randomized into two groups: group one will have the catheter removed on postoperative day 3 (72 hours postoperatively) Group 2 will have a dose of the alpha-blocker prazosin given 6 hours prior to catheter removal and will have the urinary catheter removed on postoperative day 1 (24 hours postoperatively).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Able to freely give written informed consent to participate in the study and have signed the Informed Consent Form;
2. Males or females, \>18 years of age inclusive at the time of study screening;
3. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Class I-III;
4. Infraperitoneal colorectal surgery (open and/or laparoscopic);
5. Elective Surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Mentally incompetent or unable or unwilling to provide informed consent or comply with study procedures;
2. Children \<18;
3. No perioperative antibiotics;
4. Past or current urinary tract malignancy;
5. Urinary catheter inserted before surgery;
6. Chronic kidney insufficiency with Creatinine\> 2
7. Diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia
8. Chronic urinary infections
9. Neurogenic bladder
10. History of enterovesical fistula
11. Pregnancy
12. Prior surgery of the lower urinary tract
13. Epidural
14. Perioperative ureteral stents

After randomization:

1. Catheter pulled out inadvertently;
2. Postoperative complications requiring prolonged monitoring of urine output
3. Postoperative complications requiring early reoperation
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* epidural catheter after thoracic surgery
* foley in place

Exclusion Criteria:

* \< 18 years of age
* death in hospital within 30 days of the operation
* length of hospital stay is less than 48 hours
* epidural catheter is removed before the 3rd postoperative day
* patients who have a suprapubic catheter or no bladder
* patients who require a urologist or a urologic technician to insert the Foley catheter at the time of surgery
* patients who were being intermittently catheterized before surgery
* patients with a known urinary tract infection preoperatively
* patients required to keep Foley in since they required close monitoring of urinary output
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* surgical management of pelvic organ prolapse requiring an overnight hospital admission

Exclusion Criteria:

* same day surgery
* non-ambulatory (allowed to use an assistive device)
* inability to provide informed consent, age \< 21 years
* pregnancy or desire for future pregnancy
* systematic disease known to affect bladder function (Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Spina Bifida, spinal cord injury or trauma and neurogenic bladder)
* known preoperative urinary retention (defined as a post-void residual \> 100mL)
* an untreated urinary tract infection at the time of surgery
* treatment at the time of surgery for urinary tract infection
* symptoms of urinary tract infection on the day of surgery
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients must have localized or locally advanced prostate cancer
* Patients must receive robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
* Patients must be able to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients must not have a history of treatment with alpha blockers within 4 weeks
* Patients must not have previously undergone transurethral resection, laser therapy, or other surgery of the prostate
* Patients must not have previously been diagnosed with neurogenic bladder
* Patients must not have hypersensitivity to trial drug or other alpha-blockers
* Patients must not have the participation of other clinical trial within the past 3 months

Answer: A