Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Single-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Human Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for the Therapy of Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unclassified
Brief Summary: The PediFETCh study is a pilot trial designed to assess the feasibility of fecal microbiota transplants for the therapy of pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) and pediatric inflammatory bowel disease-unclassified (IBD-U). Investigators will test the hypothesis that a protocol of twice-weekly retention enemas delivered over six weeks, using fecal transplant material from a healthy donor, will improve clinical and biological disease markers in patients with pediatric UC or IBD-U.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients aged 18 or over with active UC defined as a Mayo score (13) more than 3 with an endoscopic score more than 0 will be eligible for the study
* Continued treatment with 5-ASA, azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine or anti-TNF therapy (e.g. infliximab) will be permitted if taken at stable dose for more than or equal to 12 weeks prior to randomization.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects will be excluded if they are participating in another clinical trial, are unable to give informed consent, have severe comorbid medical illness, have concomitant Clostridium difficile infection or have severe UC requiring hospitalization.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* 3yo to 17yo at start of trial
* Followed at a participating clinical trial site: a) McMaster Children's Hospital, b) Children's Hospital at London Health Sciences Centre, c) Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine
* Ulcerative colitis (UC) or Inflammatory bowel disease unclassified (IBD-U)
* Evidence of active clinical, biological, or mucosal disease
* Ongoing treatment is acceptable provided the patient has had no significant changes to medications, or medication dose for at least 4 weeks prior to starting the trial

Exclusion Criteria:

* Active participation in another therapeutic trial
* Unable to give informed consent, or assent
* Active Clostridium difficile infection
* Significant change in medication type, or medication dose within the preceding 4 weeks prior to starting the trial
* Starting new treatments, or having a significant change in medication dosing during the trial
* Significant, consecutive rise in PUCAI score during the trial
* Hospitalization during trial
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients aged 18 or over
2. Active UC defined as a Mayo score \> 3
3. A Mayo endoscopic score \> 0

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Participating in another clinical trial
2. Unable to give informed consent
3. Severe co-morbid medical illness
4. Concomitant Clostridium difficile infection
5. Severe UC requiring hospitalization.
6. Increase in medical therapy for UC in the last 12 weeks. Continued treatment with 5-ASA, azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine or anti-TNF alpha therapy (e.g. infliximab) will be permitted if taken at stable dose for ≥12 weeks prior to randomization. Relapse on a stable dose (same dose for at least 2 weeks) or a tapering dose of steroids will also be permitted provided the dose of steroid is not increased again. Stable intake of probiotic therapy also permitted.
7. Antibiotic therapy in the last 30 days.
8. Pregnant women.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Mild to moderate ulcerative colitis (Montreal classification)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosed as ulcerative colitis first time.
* No history of using Biologic, immunomodulatory therapy or corticosteroid therapy.
* With contraindication of endoscopy.

Answer: B