Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Randomized Trial of Ultrasound-guided Radial Artery Cannulation Using Dynamic Short Axis Versus Conventional Long-axis In-plane View in Cardiac Surgery Patients.
Brief Summary: When performing vascular cannulation such as radial artery cannulation, ultrasonography (US) helps proper positioning of the tip of needle in the vascular lumen, which facilitating cannulation of the catheter and successful pressure monitoring. Conventionally, short-axis out-of-plane (SAX) and long-axis in-plane (LAX) views are commonly used method to image the target vessel during cannulation under US guidance. Dynamic needle tip positioning (DNTP) method is newly introduced by one group of investigators who conducted a related study using vascular phantom model.

In DNTP, SAX is used, and additionally, when the needle tip is imaged in the screen as an echogenic point, the practitioner (a) proximally moves the US probe a bit, and then (b) the needle is advanced until the needle tip reappears in the screen. In this manner, the practitioner repeats (a) and (b) until the needle is inserted 1 cm into the lumen of vessel, and then the catheter is inserted to finish the procedure.

DNTP has not been compared to conventional imaging methods. The aim of this trial is to see the effect of DNTP on success rate of the radial artery cannulation at the first attempt, compared to the conventional LAX.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Control; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Arm Label: Ultrasound; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: Real-time Ultrasound Guidance (Site-Rite 5 or 6 machine) | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Real-time Ultrasound Guidance (Site-Rite 5 or 6 machine); Assigned to Arm(s): Ultrasound
B: Arm Label: Ultrasound radial artery catheter; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Ultrasound guided radial artery catheterization. | Arm Label: Palpation based artery catheterization; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Blind insertion of radial artery catheterization | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Ultrasound guided radial artery catheterization.; Assigned to Arm(s): Ultrasound radial artery catheter | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Blind insertion of radial artery catheterization; Assigned to Arm(s): Palpation based artery catheterization
C: Arm Label: Dynamic needle tip positioning; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Dynamic needle tip positioning under ultrasound-guidance | Arm Label: Conventional long-axis; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Conventional long-axis view | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Dynamic needle tip positioning under ultrasound-guidance; Assigned to Arm(s): Dynamic needle tip positioning | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Conventional long-axis view; Assigned to Arm(s): Conventional long-axis
D: Arm Label: Ultrasound group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Ultrasound -guided cannulation | Arm Label: Palpation group; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Palpation -guided cannulation | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Ultrasound -guided cannulation; Assigned to Arm(s): Ultrasound group | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Palpation -guided cannulation; Assigned to Arm(s): Palpation group

Answer: C