Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With ADHD
Brief Summary: This trial is a continuation of the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA Study). Continuation Aim 1 is to track the persistence of intervention-related effects as the MTA sample matures into mid-adolescence, including subsequent mental-health and school-related service utilization patterns as a function of MTA treatment experience (treatment assignment) and outcome (degree of treatment success at 14 mo.). Aim 2 is to test specific hypotheses about predictors, mediators, and moderators of long-term outcome among children with ADHD (e.g., comorbidity; family functioning; cognitive skills; peer relations) that may influence adolescent functioning (either independent of or through initial treatment assignment and/or 14-month treatment outcomes); and to compare how these predictors, mediators, and moderators are similar or dissimilar within the normal comparison group. Aim 3 is to track the patterns of risk and protective factors (including their mediation or moderation by initial treatment assignment and/or outcome) involved in early and subsequent stages of developing substance-related disorders and antisocial behavior. Aim 4 is to examine the effect of initial treatment assignment and degree of treatment success on later academic performance, achievement, school conduct, tendency to drop out, and other adverse school outcomes.

In the original MTA design, patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment conditions: (1) medication only; (2) psychosocial only; (3) combined (medication and psychosocial); or (4) Assessment-and-Referral condition. All but the latter were treated intensively for 14 months, with assessments for all subjects at baseline, 3, 9, 14, and 24 months. The original MTA design thus provides short-term (10 months post-treatment) follow-up at 24 months. This continuation extends the follow-up to assessments at 36, 60, and 84 months after treatment.

A child may be eligible for this study if he/she:

Is 7 - 9 years old, and has Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* ADHD combined subtype with evidence of depressive or manic-like symptoms, as assessed by CDRS, YMRS, and Washington University in St. Louis Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, that persist after stimulant treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Full Scale IQ less than 80
* Current seizure disorder or history of seizures requiring treatment or other significant neurological problems
* History of other medical problems for which stimulant treatment may involve considerable risk, including cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, Tourette's disorder, or history of severe tic exacerbations caused by stimulant exposure (Note: child with uncomplicated tic disorders or a family history of tic disorders will not be excluded as stimulants are well tolerated in a majority of such cases)
* Meets full criteria for Type I or II bipolar disorder or any child manifesting mood symptoms (manic or depressive), such as significant suicidal ideation or psychotic symptoms that require emergent pharmacological treatment or hospitalization
* History or concurrent diagnosis of any of the following disorders: pervasive developmental disorder, schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, sexual disorders, organic mental disorder, or eating disorder
* No longer manifests impairing manic/depressive symptoms after stimulant therapy based on CDRS-R greater than 27 or YMRS greater than 11 with Clinical Global Impressions-Severity 3 or greater
B: Inclusion Criteria:

-

Patients must have:

Rigorously diagnosed Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* DSM-IV ADHD diagnosis
* age between 15 and 21 years
* stabilized doses of medication for ADHD for at least 2 months prior to the study
* agreement not to seek out any other psychiatric or psychological treatment during the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* affective disorders
* anxiety disorders
* psychotic disorders
* personality disorders
* substance use disorders in the past 6 months
* pervasive developmental disorder
* patients with an IQ lower than 85
* patients receiving concurrent psychological interventions.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Attending a participating school and in 2-5th grade
* Referral by LSP as a child with apparent ADHD-related problems
* ≥ 6 symptoms (item score ≥ 2) of Inattention or Hyperactivity-Impulsivity on the pooled parent and teacher Child Symptom Inventory
* ≥ 3 on the Impairment Rating Scale by parent and teacher (cross-situational impairment)
* FSIQ or VIQ ≥ 80 (necessary for cognitive demands of the child skills curriculum)
* Caretaker consents to participate in treatment, child assents to participate

Exclusion Criteria:

* Presence of conditions that are incompatible with this study's treatment.
* severe visual or hearing impairment,
* severe language delay,
* psychosis,
* pervasive developmental disorder
* Parent or child does not read or speak English or does not read or speak Spanish for our Spanish language implementation of CLS (inability to complete assessment measures or participate in group treatments).
* Child is in an all-day special education classroom (children in these classrooms are frequently receiving intensive behavior modification programs such that the intervention would be expected to require modification for use in these settings)
* Children taking psychotropic medication for any reason other than to treat ADHD
* Children planning to change (start or stop) psychotropic medication
* Children who have changed a regimen of psychotropic medication (started or stopped) within 30 days prior to screening

Answer: B