Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Induction of Labor With a Foley Catheter Balloon: A Randomized Trial Comparing Inflation With 30ml and 60ml
Brief Summary: The rate of labor induction is rising throughout the United States for a variety of reasons. Medical conditions that lead to increased risk of prolonging the pregnancy to both mother and fetus are not infrequent. In addition, elective deliveries are becoming more common. Foley balloon catheter placement is a common method used for labor induction in women with an unfavorable cervical assessment. There are several studies using various volumes of Foley balloon catheters for labor induction ranging from 30ml to 80ml, however, there are no studies replicating the findings of the largest study comparing 2 different volumes in the balloon. The investigators plan to compare instillation of 30ml of sterile saline versus 60ml in a Foley balloon catheter for women undergoing induction of labor with an unfavorable cervix. The investigators will observe the following outcomes: rate of delivery within 24 hours, cervical dilation after foley balloon catheter expulsion, insertion to balloon expulsion interval, induction to delivery time interval, peak oxytocin requirement, presence of infection or meconium, cesarean delivery rate, operative vaginal delivery rate, indication for operative vaginal or cesarean delivery, cervical laceration rate, placental abruption rate, 5-minute Apgar score, and umbilical cord arterial blood pH and base excess.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Reproductive aged women, pregnant, term gestation (\>37 weeks), undergoing induction of labor, cervical exam acceptable as a candidate for Foley balloon catheter placement (Bishop score \<5), cephalic fetal presentation.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Regular contractions on admission, rupture of membranes, previous uterine scar, low-lying placenta (measured \<3cm to internal os), Bishop score \> 5, contraindication to attempt at vaginal birth, non-English/Spanish speaking, unable to give consent.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients 15 years of age or older.
* Diagnosed to be pregnant with an indication for induction of labor.
* Having a Bishop score of 4 points or less.
* Diagnosed as having a singleton pregnancy in a vertex presentation, with intact membranes, and no significant regular uterine contraction at gestational age of \>28 weeks.
* Willingness to comply with the protocol for the duration of the study.
* Have signed an informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Any contraindication for a vaginal delivery (i.e. placenta previa, non vertex presentation).
* Ruptured membranes.
* Previous cesarean section or any uterine scar.
* Documented labor.
* Suspected fetal distress necessitating immediate intervention.
* Proven malignancy of the cervix.
* Active inflammatory or purulent condition of the lower genital tract.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Term or post term pregnancies.
* Live,singleton fetus.
* Cephalic presentation.
* Intact membrane.
* Bishop score \< 6.
* Not in labour.
* Medically indicated for labour induction.
* Primigravida or parity of 3 or less.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Previous caesarean delivery.
* Malpresentation.
* Placenta previa.
* Sever intrauterine growth restriction.
* Multiple pregnancy.
* Polyhydramnios.
* Oligohydramnios.
* Bishop score 7 or more.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Nulliparous patients evaluated at 38 weeks gestation without contraindication for induction of labor, and
* Patients who meet dating criteria as outlined above, and
* Patients who have a Bishop score of ≤ 5.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Contraindication to induction of labor,
* Scheduled induction of labor for medical indications, and/or
* Failure to meet dating criteria above, Bishop score of \> 5.

Answer: A