Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Multi-site, Randomized, Controlled Trial of a Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy Intervention for Treating Depression in a Traumatic Brain Injury Population.
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to determine whether mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is effective in reducing depression symptoms in individuals who have experienced a traumatic brain injury.

The investigators hypothesize that participants who are given the ten-week intervention will have fewer depression symptoms than the participants in the control group, and this improvement will be maintained at the three-month follow-up assessment.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* hospitalized for TBI within the last 10 years, and at least one month post-injury
* sustained a complicated mild to severe TBI as indicated by Glasgow Coma Scale score of 3-12 or had documented intracranial abnormalities on CT scan or had post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) of at least 7 days
* meet screening criteria for major depression
* speak English fluently
* resides in any of the the 50 United States

Exclusion Criteria:

* does not have a telephone
* does not have a stable address
* history of bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, or current psychosis or suicidal intent
* current alcohol or substance dependence (within last month)
* evidence of significant cognitive impairment on neuropsychological testing
* started on an antidepressant medication within 6 weeks or planning to start on an antidepressant within the 16-week study
* currently in psychotherapy for depression or plan to start psychotherapy for depression within the 16-week study period
* refusal to participate
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* traumatic brain injury suffered more than one year ago but less than five
* Evidence of depression post-traumatic brain injury (Beck Depression Inventory-II score of 16 or greater)
* Ability to speak and read English
* Age 18 or more

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability to benefit from the intervention based a consensus process amongst study clinical psychologist and physicians, and from scores on memory and auditory attention (California Verbal Learning Test, Digit Span subsection of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale); verbal fluency and executive functioning (Controlled Oral Word Association Test); verbal abstract reasoning (Similarities subsection of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale); and executive functioning (Trail Making Test).
* Evidence of unusual psychological processes such as psychosis, suicidal ideation, substance abuse, or major concurrent mental illness (Beck Depression Inventory-II and Symptom Checklist-90-R will supplement the decision-making process of study clinicians).
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Being at least 18years old
* Having a TBI as a result of a blow to the head followed by a loss of consciousness or period of being dazed and confused or a period of post traumatic amnesia or clinical signs of altered neurological function; this information must be medically documented (e.g., emergency medical record, hospital record, neuroradiological report, or neurological exam or record of physician's visit within 24 hours of injury)
* Being at least 6 months post injury
* Being English-speaking
* Having residential telephone service
* Living within 1.5 hours of New York City
* Having at least a sixth-grade reading level
* Meeting DSM-IV criteria for a current depressive mood disorder
* Not being in psychotherapy and being willing to abstain from seeking psychotherapy during the course of participation
* Being willing to complete questionnaires and interviews about mood, thinking skills, community participation and life satisfaction
* Agreeing to participate, verified by completion of informed consent and HIPAA documents.
* Individuals who meet criteria and are currently using prescribed mood medications will be included in the study if dosage has been stable for sixty days.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pre-existing neurological disorder, including brain injury from an etiology other than trauma
* History of mental retardation
* Lack of capacity to sign informed consent
* Taking antidepressant medications for less than six months
* Having any changes in antidepressant medications in the last six months
* History of current or past psychosis or mania
* Current substance abuse
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis consistent with mild traumatic brain injury
* Glasgow Coma Scale score 13-15
* Loss of consciousness less than or = to 30 minutes
* Any period of alteration of consciousness or post-traumatic amnesia
* age between 16 and 80
* permanent address
* ability to communicate in English

Exclusion Criteria:

* hospitalization within previous year for traumatic brain injury
* prior or current diagnosis of central nervous system or major psychiatric disorder
* Intoxication sufficient enough to cloud the diagnosis of mild TBI
* current alcohol dependence

Answer: B