Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Clinical and Neuropsychological Validity of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adulthood
Brief Summary: This study aims to establish the psychometric properties of the Adult ADHD Quality of Life Scale (AAQoL) and to validate the diagnosis of adult ADHD by ADHD symptoms, other clinical psychiatric symptoms, neuropsychological functioning, social/family/occupational functioning, and intervention effect.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Case group:

Case group I: The cases with childhood ADHD diagnosis diagnosed as ADHD after interview Case group II: The cases with sufficient ADHD symptoms for diagnosis as DSM-IV ADHD at childhood but never assessed or treated for ADHD in childhood

* Control group：The subjects without the DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of ADHD or any major psychiatric disorders.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Comorbid with DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, other psychotic disorder, organic psychosis, schizotypal personality disorder, bipolar affective disorder, severe anxiety disorder(such as OCD, ASD or PTSD) and mental retardation.
* In the major depressive episode, comorbid with severe anxiety disorders or during substance intoxication or withdrawal at the time of evaluation.
* With neurodegenerative disorder, epilepsy, involuntary movement disorder, congenital metabolic disorder, brain tumor, history of severe head trauma, and history of craniotomy.
* With visual or hearing impairments, or motor disability which may influence the process of neuropsychological assessment.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV) diagnostic criteria for ADHD
* Meet DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for at least one non-nicotine substance use disorder
* Has a DSM-IV ADHD Symptom Checklist score ≥ 22 derived from the adolescent-completed checklist

Exclusion Criteria:

* Serious medical illness
* History of tic disorder
* Pregnant or breastfeeding
* Meet DSM-IV criteria for current or life-time psychotic disorder
* Meet DSM-IV criteria for current or life-time bipolar disorder
* Requires/or prescribed other concurrent psychotropic medication
* Taking any medications that may produce interactions with OROS-MPH
* Opiate dependence
* Methamphetamine abuse or dependence
* Suicidal risk
* Enrolled in an inpatient, residential, day treatment, or outpatient substance abuse program within 28 days prior to signing consent
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* male and female volunteers
* 18-40 years old
* healthy
* body mass index between 5th and 85th percentile
* Caucasian
* non smoker or moderate smoker (\<10 cigarettes per day)
* able to understand, write, and read German

Exclusion Criteria:

* acute or chronic pain condition (except for mild day-to-day pain on \<5 days/month)
* previous (up to 5 days preceding the study) or current medications prescription or over-the-counter, especially analgesics
* symptoms of a clinically relevant illness in the 2 weeks before the first study day
* hypertension
* any known psychiatric condition
* abuse of alcoholic beverages, drug abuse
* known positive human immunodeficiency virus status
* any known medical condition which may interact with study medication, study objectives, or compliance of subject with study tasks
* participation in a clinical trial in the 4 weeks preceding the study
* known allergy against Midazolam
* known allergy against Fentanyl
* pregnancy or breast-feeding
* unable or unwilling to give informed consent
* unable or unwilling to follow investigator's instructions
* unable or unwilling to comply with study protocol
D: Fathers Inclusion Criteria:

* Sign informed consent
* Be between 21-55 years old (inclusive) at the screening visit
* English-speaking
* At screening (after washout, if required) meet full DSM-IV criteria for ADHD, any subtype
* Current CGI-S-ADHD rating ≥ 4 and \< 7.
* Findings on physical exam (PE), laboratory studies, vital signs, and electrocardiogram (ECG) judged to be normal for age with no contraindications for MPH treatment.
* Pulse and blood pressure (BP) within 95% of age and gender mean
* Commit to the entire visit schedule for the study.
* Able to complete all study assessments.
* Fathers with comorbid mood/anxiety disorders which are effectively treated with antidepressants or anti-anxiety agents will be eligible for participation, provided this medication has not changed within 30 days, is well tolerated, and that current mood symptoms are not severe or associated with active suicidal ideation.

Father Exclusion Criteria:

* History of allergic reactions or severe negative response to study medications
* Active alcohol/substance abuse in the past 3 months or a positive urinary toxic screen on initial evaluation that is not explained by a time-limited medical circumstance.
* Current bipolar illness, schizophrenia, psychoses, or significant suicidal risk
* History of chronic or acute medical disorder for which stimulant therapy would be contraindicated (e.g., glaucoma, hypertension).
* Currently, (or within the past 30 days) receiving stimulant medication for ADHD.
* Father should not seek parent-based interventions during the course of the study, Weeks 1 - 8.

Child Inclusion Criteria:

* Sign assent if older than six.
* Be between the ages of 3-8.
* Symptoms of ADHD (Conners Hyperactivity Index or Attention \> 60).
* English speaking.
* No prior treatment with effective doses of stimulants.

Answer: A