Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Spaulding-Harvard Spinal Cord Injury (SH-SCI) Study: Effects of tDCS on Chronic Pain in Spinal Cord Injury.
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to see the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the pain associated with spinal cord injury. This study is part of the Spaulding-Harvard Model System. The investigators hypothesize that there will be a decrease in pain levels with active stimulation, when compared to sham stimulation, using a 3 week stimulation schedule- 1 week of stimulation (5 consecutive days) followed by 2 weeks of stimulation (10 consecutive days) after a 3-month follow up visit. The subject will also have follow ups at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after the second course of stimulation.

If a subject receives sham during the experiment, he/she may enroll in an open-label portion of the study and receive 10 days of active stimulation.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* they have self-reported unilateral or bilateral knee OA pain according to American College of Rheumatology criteria
* they can understand, speak and read English
* they are able to walk for 6-minutes
* they are willing to be randomized to either the intervention or control group
* they are available for five consecutive daily sessions and for a follow-up phone interview each week for three weeks post-stimulation sessions
* they have no plan to change medication regimens for pain throughout the trial
* they are willing and able to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* knee replacement or non-arthroscopic surgery to the affected knee
* serious medical illness, such as uncontrolled hypertension (i.e., Systolic Blood Pressure/Diastolic Blood Pressure of ≥ 150/95), congestive heart failure, pacemaker, or history of acute myocardial infarction
* peripheral neuropathy
* systemic rheumatic disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and fibromyalgia
* alcohol/substance abuse
* cognitive impairment (i.e., Mini-Mental Status Exam score ≤ 23)
* history of brain surgery, tumor, seizure, stroke, or intracranial metal implantation
* pregnancy or lactation for females
* hospitalization within the preceding year due to psychiatric illness
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Female or male patient, aged from 18 to 65 years
* Patient presenting a primary fibromyalgia answering the criteria of the ACR
* At present painful patient with a digital echelle of the briefing inventory bread superior or equal to 4/10
* Patient presenting a stable treatment since at least 1 less

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patient minor
* pregnant woman
* women in age to procreate without contraception
* patient deprived of freedom further to a court or administrative order
* patient presenting a secondary fibromyalgia
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Able to provide informed consent to participate in the study.
2. Subject is older than 18 years.
3. Unilateral lower limb amputation.
4. Traumatic amputation greater than 1 year ago.
5. Chronic PLP for at least 3 months previous to enrollment in the study, experienced regularly for at least once a week.
6. Average pain of at least 4 on a numeric rating scale in the previous week (NRS; ranging from 0 to 10).
7. If the subject is taking any medications, dosages must be stable for at least 2 weeks prior to the enrollment of the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Pregnancy or trying to become pregnant in the next 2 months.
2. History of alcohol or drug abuse within the past 6 months as self-reported.
3. Presence of the following contraindication to transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation

   * Ferromagnetic metal in the head (e.g., plates or pins, bullets, shrapnel)
   * Implanted neck or head electronic medical devices (e.g., cochlear implants, vagus nerve stimulator)
4. History of chronic pain previous to the amputation.
5. Head injury resulting in loss of consciousness for at least 30 min or pos-traumatic amnesia for greater than 24 hours, as self-reported
6. Unstable medical conditions (e.g. uncontrolled diabetes, uncompensated cardiac issues, heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).
7. Uncontrolled Epilepsy or prior seizures within the last 1 year.
8. Suffering from severe depression (as defined by a score of \>30 in the Beck Depression Inventory).\*
9. History of unexplained fainting spells or loss of consciousness as self-reported during the last 2 years.
10. History of neurosurgery, as self-reported.
11. Mirror Therapy in the previous 3 months
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Over 18 years of age
* History of moderate to severe sublesional pain

Exclusion Criteria:

* Active alcohol or drug dependence, as self-reported
* A history of bipolar disorder or psychosis, as self-reported
* Inability to travel to the study site,
* Current use of any of the following anti-epileptic medications or dopaminergic medications known to reduce or inhibit the benefits of tDCS treatment \[53\]: carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, ropinirole (Requip), pramipexole (Mirapex), and cabergoline (Dostinex),
* The following contradictions to tDCS: implanted metal plates in the head, or deep brain stimulator (spinal cord implants, including baclofen pumps, are not a contraindication as cranial currents do not reach the spinal cord \[24\]).
* Pregnancy at time of enrollment
* Current use of ventilator.

Answer: D