Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: OxCKD1 - a Randomised Controlled Trial of the OxSalt1 Care Bundle to Help Renal Patients Learn How to Lower the Salt Content of Their Diets.
Brief Summary: Patients with kidney disease benefit from reducing the amount of salt in the food that they eat. The benefits include lower blood pressure and better kidney function. Therefore, lowering the amount of salt that is eaten could reduce the number of people who will develop kidney failure. The effect on blood pressure could also reduce the number of strokes and heart attacks. Similar benefits are also seen for people without kidney disease.

Guidelines for patients with kidney disease recommend that they lower the amount of salt that they eat, but most patients do not manage to do this. The reasons for this are not unclear, but are likely to reflect the difficulty that patients have in reducing the amount of salt in their food and the nature of the advice that they are given.

The investigators have developed a package of interventions to help patients to make healthier choices that will lower their salt intake. The package helps patients to learn about salt in food and how to avoid it. It provide practical advice on cutting down on salt using information booklets, text messages, emails, telephone calls, and a website.

Participants will be recruited from hospital kidney clinics and general practice. The investigators will randomly allocate participants to receive either the normal care that they would get or to receive the new package of interventions to help them lower salt. The package of interventions will involve patients receiving text messages, telephone calls, emails and written information. They will complete a questionnaire and collect urine samples which will can be used to measure the amount of salt that they are eating. No more than 6 visits will be required. The study is funded by the British Renal Society which is a charity that funds research to help patients with kidney disease.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Individuals with end stage renal disease (ESRD) who are 18 years of age or older,
* Individuals who are literate,
* Community-dwelling adults who have been receiving maintenance dialysis for at least 3 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Individuals who cannot read or write,
* Individuals who do not speak English,
* Individuals who plan to move out of the area or change dialysis centers within the next 6 months,
* Individuals who have a life expectancy of less than 12 months,
* Individuals who are scheduled for a living donor transplant,
* Individuals who cannot see the PDA screen or use the stylus to make food selections from the PDA screen, or
* Individuals who live in an institutional setting in which they would have limited control over their dietary intake.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Participant is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the study.
* Male or Female, aged 18 years or above.
* Diagnosed with CKD and an eGFR ≥ 20 ml/min/1.73m2
* Participant has clinically acceptable laboratory data available to confirm the diagnosis.
* Able (in the opinion of the Investigators) and willing to comply with all study requirements.
* Willing to allow his or her General Practitioner and consultant, if appropriate, to be notified of participation in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Female participants who is pregnant, lactating or planning pregnancy during the course of the study.
* Any other significant disease or disorder which, in the opinion of the Investigator, may either put the participants at risk because of participation in the study, or may influence the result of the study, or the participant's ability to participate in the study.
* Inability to understand English or special communication needs because the interventions will use English and is not funded to deal with special communication needs.
* Known salt losing nephropathy
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients who have received a kidney transplant ≥ 6 months previously who have a BP \>130 mm Hg systolic and/or \>80 mm Hg diastolic, or are receiving treatment for hypertension.

Exclusion Criteria:

* BP \< 120/80 on blood pressure treatment
* BP \>160/100
* Variation in Creatinine \>20% over preceding 2 months
* Secondary hypertension due to a cause other than CKD
* Heart failure (LVEF \<30% or NYHA class II - IV)
* Myocardial Infarction within 6 months
* Stroke within 6 months
* Current diagnosis of cancer
* Liver disease
* Bilateral arterio-venous fistulae
* Evidence of significant active infection
* Females who are pregnant or breastfeeding
* Hyponatremia (Na \<130mmol/L) or Hypernatremia (Na \>150mmol/L)
* Histologically confirmed episode of rejection within 6 months
* Steroids dose change in preceding 2 months
* Patients who are not able to give full informed consent
* Initial 24hr urinary sodium \<80mmol/24hrs
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Be 18 years or older.
* Have chronic kidney disease (CKD stage 1-3, CKD 4 if eGFR is not lower than 25 mL/min/1.73m2, or be a renal transplant recipient.)
* Have a urinary sodium excretion during at least the last 2 subsequent visits of more than 130 mmol per day, or one last urinary sodium excretion of more than 150 mmol per day.
* Have a systolic blood pressure higher than 135 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure higher than 85 mmHg or a well-controlled blood pressure by treatment with antihypertensives including RAAS-blockade (ACE-inhibitor or ARB).
* Sufficient command of the Dutch language.
* Access and ability to use the internet.
* Written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* eGFR \< 25 ml/min/1.73m2 or an anticipated need for predialysis work-up within the time frame of the study.
* Unstable disease: defined as rapid, persistent, progressive renal function loss (e.g. \> 6 mL/min/1.73m2 per year), not from acute, intermittent origin.
* Blood pressure \> 170 mmHg systolic or \> 100 mmHg diastolic during medical treatment
* Blood pressure \< 95 mmHg systolic not responding to withdrawal of antihypertensives.
* Cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident) \< 6 months ago.
* Renal transplantation \<1 year ago.
* Medical conditions that are likely to interfere with completion of the study (such as progressive malignancy or other debilitating illness) at the discretion of the nephrologist.
* Every patient who has participated in the ESMO study (regardless whether intervention or control) cannot participate in the current study.
* Current participation in any clinical trial that might interfere with SUBLIME trial.

Answer: B