Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Efficacy of Consumption of Micronutrient Fortified Yoghurt on Biochemical Markers, Cognitive Development, Morbidity and Physical Growth Among 6-9 Years School Going Children in Bangladesh - A Double Masked, Randomized Trial With a Concurrent Matched Control
Brief Summary: To evaluate the efficacy of consumption of yoghurt fortified with 30% recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of essential micronutrients (iron, zinc, vitamin A and iodine) for a period of one year in comparison to same yoghurt without fortification for change in mean levels and proportion deficient for markers of status of Iron (Hemoglobin, Serum ferritin, Serum transferrin, ZnPP), Vitamin A (Plasma retinol levels), Iodine (Urinary iodine levels), Zinc (Plasma zinc), and copper (Plasma copper levels, sub sample of children); improvement in cognitive development, reduction in episodes/days of illnesses (diarrhea, pneumonia, febrile illness), hospitalizations and morbidity causing absenteeism from school and improvement in growth. Additionally to evaluate the efficacy of consumption of fortified and non fortified yoghurt (plain yoghurt) for a period of 12 months in comparison to pure control that do not receive any intervention in the improvement in cognitive development and physical growth. The main objective is to evaluate the impact of addition of micronutrients to Yoghurt and can be best addressed by RCT. The effect of taking yoghurt per se cannot be blinded so for that the investigators have included a concurrent control.

Hypothesis: Consumption of fortified yoghurt with 30% RDA of essential micronutrients (iron, zinc, vitamin A and iodine) for a period of one year will improve the micronutrient status indicators, cognitive development, and growth and reduce morbidity of children.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* children aged between 6 to 9 yrs of age,
* enrolled in the school,
* not severely malnourished requiring rehabilitation and micronutrient supplement, AND
* consent to participate.

Inclusion is only based on age and locale: 6-9 years in Gabtali schools and both genders will be enrolled.

Exclusion Criteria:

* children who are severely malnourished and requiring hospitalization.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Children aged 12-36 months at enrollment
* Resident of Sangam Vihar and likely to be in the area for 1 year.
* Parents consenting to participate in the trial.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Children who have been given complete therapeutic/preventive course of Iron in the last 6 months.
* Children currently as part of a different Iron/Zinc supplementation program.
* Children known to be allergic to milk.
* Children who are severely malnourished and requiring hospitalization.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Total cholesterol (140 to 200 mg/dL)
* BMI 17 to 30
* Age 18-70 years

Exclusion Criteria:

* Lactating, pregnant, or plan to be pregnant during study
* Tobacco use (cigarettes or chewing tobacco)
* Metabolic disease
* Malabsorption disorders
* History of cancer, esophageal, gastric, or intestinal ulcers
* History of liver or kidney insufficiency or failure
* Allergies to tomatoes or tomato products
* Allergies to carrots
* Allergies to avocados
* Obesity (BMI\>30)
* Hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol\> 200mg/dL)
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Hemoglobin less than 11.7g/dL and above 7.0g/dL

Exclusion Criteria:

* Breastfeeding
* Chronic gastroenteritis
* Any other severe illness

Answer: A