Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Use of Cranberries in Women With Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes
Brief Summary: Cranberries have been proved to reduce the rate of urinary tract infections in a population of women with recurrent urinary tract infections in previous studies. The purpose of the study is to examine the efficacy of cranberries in pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes in a)prolonging the latent period (=the time period between the time the water broke and delivery of the fetus) and b)reduction of infectious morbidity of both the mother and infant.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Female nursing home residents 65 years of age or older with history of urinary tract infection within the past year.

Exclusion Criteria:

* residents that are not expected to be in the nursing home for at least one month (i.e., short term rehabilitation, pending discharge, terminal \[life expectancy \< 1 month\]);
* residents who are on chronic suppressive antibiotic or anti-infective (i.e., mandelamine) therapy for recurrent UTI;
* residents with end stage renal disease on dialysis (they do not regularly produce urine);
* residents unable to produce a baseline clean catch urine specimen for collection;
* residents on warfarin therapy because of a potential interaction of warfarin and cranberry juice;
* residents with a history of nephrolithiasis because cranberry may increase the risk of nephrolithiasis.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient is cared for by the department of the Gynecology at the Nîmes Unversity Hospital
* The patient is programmed for surgery with placement an indwelling catheter for 48 hours with a sterile urinary cytobacteriologic exam at inclusion

Exclusion Criteria:

* the urinary cytobacteriologic exam at inclusion is positive
* the patient is taking antivitamin K
* the patient is taking antibiotics
* history of urolithiasis
* the patient refuses to participate
* the patient is pregnant or nursing
* the patient is not associated with a social security system (no insurance)
* the patient is under guardianship
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Proven premature rupture of membranes
* less than 35 weeks of gestation with good obstetrical dating
* no suspicion of amnionitis
* signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Known sensitivity / allergy to cranberries
* Women treated with warfarin
* Drug intolerance
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Presenting with symptoms of UTI
* Presentation of 3rd or 4th simple cystitis of lower tract in the past 12 months
* Active infection at enrollment, confirmed and documented in medical record
* Cognitive capacity to consent and ability to undergo the consent process in English

Exclusion Criteria:

* Known allergy or intolerance to supplement ingredients
* Pregnant or planning to become pregnant or lactating
* Unwilling to commit to birth control use
* Use of related nutritional supplements
* Unwilling to halt berry extracts, polyphenols, antioxidants, d-mannose, vitamins
* Taken WelTract in past six months
* Unwilling to avoid probiotics, yogurt, apple or cranberry juice, hibiscus tea
* Certain comorbid or physical conditions
* History of febrile UTI
* Bladder catheter or urethral stents
* Use of topical hormones in urogenital areas
* Diabetes (i.e. taking diabetic medications) or glycosuria
* Intestinal diseases with malabsorption (e.g. Crohn's and celiac diseases)
* Severe renal impairment or kidney stones
* Neural problems (spinal cord injury or Multiple Sclerosis)
* Immunocompromised individuals
* Rheumatoid arthritis
* Lupus
* HIV
* Taking steroids or immunobiologic medications
* Prophylactic antibiotic use (e.g. post-coital)
* Other physician judgement

Answer: C