Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Determinants for Peak Bone Mass, Skeletal Architecture, Fractures, Adipositas and Cardiovascular Risk Factors During Growth and Adulthood
Brief Summary: Objective:

Prospective study regulation in bone mass, size, architecture, cortical, trabecular bone, soft tissues and risk factors for cardiovascular disease at growth. Determine regulation by environmental factors. Evaluate how training affects the skeleton, soft tissues and cardiovascular risk factors during growth Material/Methods: (i) 500 children in one RCT´s with or without intervention with physical activity (daily scholl physical education) from school start to college. Annual evaluations

Importance:

The investigators provide increased understanding of the pathophysiology of osteoporosis by determine the mineralization, size- and architecture development during growth and adulthood. Evaluate if intervention program with exercise increase bone strength, muscle mass and reduce fatness and risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Background:

Skeletal growth and the age related bone loss determine who will get osteoporosis (and fractures), but not only bone mass, also skeletal architecture and bone quality influence bone strength. Regulation of the traits differs where hormones, genetics and environmental factors continuously influence the development with different effect during different ages. It is thus imperative to determine the regulators of the traits and evaluate if these can be modified during growth.

Aim:

Study regulation of bone mass, size, architecture, cortical, trabecular, axial and appendicular bone and soft tissue during growth and aging; evaluate risk factors for cardiovascular disease; determine importance of environmental factors and hereditary factors.

Study Design/Method

Bunkeflo Cohort:

Prospective, controlled exercise intervention study annually following skeletal development in 500children from age 7.

Importance:

By evaluating skeletal mass/architecture separate we will increase the understanding of the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. The intervention study provide Evidence Based Information as regard the importance of physical activity during growth. The presented Strength Index, where we combine bone mass and skeletal architecture, may predict fractures better than only bone mass.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Being 8-13 years old
2. Being preoccupied with technology
3. Being physically inactive

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Having circulatory, respiratory and musculoskeletal disease
2. Having neuropsychiatric diseases
3. History of syncope or seizures
4. History of exercise induced anaphylaxis
5. Morbid obesity
6. Short stature
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Participants will include males and females between the ages of 9-14.
* Participants must be enrolled in one of 30 elementary school classes across the participating seven elementary schools.
* Participants need to be able to read and write in English

Exclusion Criteria:

* Participants not enrolled in one of the participating classes.
* Unable to read and write in English.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Being one of the LA GEAR UP middle schools or a feeder elementary school
* Having an enrollment of at least 100 students per school
* All students in grades 4-6 of participating schools

Exclusion Criteria:

-
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* All included within the classes, population based cohort

Exclusion Criteria:

* None

Answer: D