Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Biologic Response of Menopausal Women to 17B-Estradiol
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of oral 17B-estradiol (estrogen) on the progression of early (subclinical) atherosclerosis and cognitive decline in healthy postmenopausal women.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Women between the ages of 45 and 65
* Currently on hormone replacement
* One year or more post complete cessation of menses
* Willing to sign the Human Subject Protection Consent form prior to enrollment in the study
* Willing to be randomized to continue or discontinue estrogen therapy
* Adequately visually and auditorially acute to allow neuropsychological testing
* Beyond 8 years of educational achievement to allow adequate neuropsychological testing
* Willing to undergo brain imaging
* At risk for cognitive decline, as defined by one or more of the following: Personal or family history of mood disorder, Hypothyroidism, Diabetes, Family history of Alzheimer's, APOE-4 allele

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of possible or probable Alzheimer's disease or dementia
* Cerebrovascular disease or uncontrolled hypertension (systolic BP \>170 or diastolic BP \>100)
* History of myocardial infarction within previous year or unstable heart disease
* History of significant liver disease, pulmonary disease, or current cancer
* Contraindication for MRI (metal in body, claustrophobia, etc.)
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* menses absent for at least 6 months and no more than 36 months
* good general health
* plasma FSH level greater than or equal to 35 mIU/ml
* estradiol levels \< 40 pg/ml
* normal mammogram within 1 year of randomization

Exclusion Criteria:

* use of hormone replacement or supplement within 3 months of randomization
* endometrial thickness \>5 mm by vaginal ultrasound
* in utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES)
* current smoking \> 10 cigarettes/day
* obesity-body mass index \> 35
* history of clinical cardiovascular disease
* history of cerebrovascular disease
* history of thromboembolic disease
* coronary calcium score ≥ 50 units
* dyslipidemia-LDL cholesterol \>190 mg/dl
* hypertriglyceridemia-triglycerides \>400 mg/dl
* lipid lowering medication (statin, fibrate,or \> 500 mg/day of niacin)
* nut allergy (Prometrium includes peanut oil)
* uncontrolled hypertension-systolic BP \>150 and/or diastolic BP \> 95
* hysterectomy
* history of, or prevalent, chronic diseases including any cancer (other than basal cell skin cancers), renal failure, cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, and endocrinopathies other than adequately treated thyroid disease
* known HIV infection and/or medications for HIV infection
* results of any safety laboratory test chemistries, (TSH, CBC, U/A) more than 20% abnormal
C: Postmenopausal women ages 50 to 79.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Women with a serum estradiol level 25 pg/ml or less
* No period for 6 months or more
* Postmenopausal less than 6 years, OR 10 years or longer

Exclusion Criteria:

* Clinical signs, symptoms, or personal history of cardiovascular disease
* Women who have had a hysterectomy only and no oophorectomy (since time from menopause cannot be determined)
* Diabetes mellitus or fasting serum glucose 140 mg/dL or greater
* Uncontrolled hypertension (diastolic blood pressure 110 mmHg or greater)
* Thyroid disease (untreated)
* Serum creatinine greater than 2.0 mg/dL
* Plasma triglyceride levels greater than 500 mg/dL
* Life threatening disease with prognosis less than 5 years
* Cirrhosis or liver disease
* History of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism
* History of breast cancer
* Current hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

Answer: D