Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Exploring Two Emotion-Focused Treatment Modules in Non-Suicidal Self-Injury
Brief Summary: The overall aim of this study is to begin establishing an effective treatment for individuals who engage in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), as there are currently no evidence-based treatments that directly target this problematic behavior. Existing treatments that have demonstrated initial promise in reducing NSSI consist of many skills embedded in complex programs; therefore, the skill(s) responsible for improvements in NSSI are not clear. Procedures that focus on one's emotions, particularly that aim to increase emotional awareness and engagement in cognitive reappraisal (i.e., a way of thinking that lessens emotions), may be critical in effective NSSI treatment. The specific goals of this study are to investigate the effects of two specific emotion-focused treatment elements on NSSI. Participants will be ten individuals who meet the proposed Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association) criteria for NSSI disorder and engage in NSSI to reduce or escape from negative emotions. Two core modules of the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP; Barlow et al., 2011) will be adapted and delivered with the aim of reducing participants' non-suicidal self-injurious thoughts and behaviors. Each treatment module will consist of four 50-minute individual weekly sessions of emotion awareness training or cognitive reappraisal. The study will use a single-case experimental design, and phase change will be determined based on each participant's changes in non-suicidal self-injurious thoughts and behaviors.


Options:
A: Arm Label: 2wk baseline + awareness (+ reappraisal); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Emotion awareness training, Behavioral: Cognitive reappraisal | Arm Label: 2wk baseline + reappraisal (+ awareness); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Emotion awareness training, Behavioral: Cognitive reappraisal | Arm Label: 4wk baseline + awareness (+ reappraisal); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Emotion awareness training, Behavioral: Cognitive reappraisal | Arm Label: 4wk baseline + reappraisal + (awareness); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Emotion awareness training, Behavioral: Cognitive reappraisal | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Emotion awareness training; Assigned to Arm(s): 2wk baseline + awareness (+ reappraisal), 2wk baseline + reappraisal (+ awareness), 4wk baseline + awareness (+ reappraisal), 4wk baseline + reappraisal + (awareness) | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Cognitive reappraisal; Assigned to Arm(s): 2wk baseline + awareness (+ reappraisal), 2wk baseline + reappraisal (+ awareness), 4wk baseline + awareness (+ reappraisal), 4wk baseline + reappraisal + (awareness)
B: Arm Label: CARMS therapy + TAU; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Cognitive AppRoaches to coMbatting Suicidality (CARMS) | Arm Label: TAU; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Cognitive AppRoaches to coMbatting Suicidality (CARMS); Assigned to Arm(s): CARMS therapy + TAU
C: Arm Label: Post Admission Cognitive Therapy (PACT); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Post Admission Cognitive Therapy (PACT) | Arm Label: Enhanced Usual Care (EUC); Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Post Admission Cognitive Therapy (PACT); Assigned to Arm(s): Post Admission Cognitive Therapy (PACT)
D: Arm Label: Positive Psychology; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Positive Psychology | Arm Label: Organizational Skills; Type: SHAM_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Control Condition | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Positive Psychology; Assigned to Arm(s): Positive Psychology | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Control Condition; Assigned to Arm(s): Organizational Skills

Answer: A