Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Prospective Randomized Comparative Trial to Compare Pringle Maneuver With Either Infrahepatic Inferior Vena Cava Clamping or Low Central Venous Pressure in Complex Liver Resections
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to better comprehend the benefits and efficacy of portal triad clamping with infrahepatic IVC clamping during complex hepatectomy. A randomized comparative trial was performed to compare PTC(pringle triad clamping) with either infrahepatic IVC clamping or low central venous pressure in complex liver resections.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults (18 years old or greater) who are able to provide informed consent.
* Patients who undergo an open, elective liver resection. Including those initially approached laparoscopically but converted to an open resection and those undergoing additional procedures.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Active coronary disease.
* Patients with a history of coronary disease will be eligible if they have had a cardiac stress study showing no reversible ischemia and normal LV function within 3 months of operation.
* Active symptomatic cerebrovascular disease.
* Active congestive heart failure and ejection fraction \<35%.
* Active severe restrictive or obstructive pulmonary disease and resting SpO2 \<90%.
* Active renal dysfunction (Cr \>1.8)
* Abnormal coagulation parameters (INR \> 1.8 not on Coumadin, or platelet count \< 100,000 per mcL)
* Presence of active infection including HIV
* Patients with active atrial fibrillation or flutter.
* Preoperative hypoalbuminemia (Albumin \< 2g/dl).
* Female patients who are pregnant (female patients of child-bearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test ≤ 14 days prior to surgery or 15 to 30 days prior to surgery with a negative urine pregnancy test the morning of surgery).
* Presence of ascites.
* BMI \> 45 or \<17
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. patients who were assessed by preoperative medical imagings to have a high risk of backflow bleeding from the major hepatic veins and the IVC, based on the size and location of the tumor. The tumors were ≥5 cm in diameter and they involved the liver segments 7, 8 and/or the cranial portion of segment 4. These tumors were in close proximity or were compressing, but had not actually invaded, the major hepatic veins or IVC
2. Pugh-Child Grade A
3. Indocyanine green retention rate at 15 minutes (ICGR15) \< 10%;
4. acceptable clotting profile (platelet count ≥ 50 ×109/L and prothrombin activity ≥ 60%)
5. no previous liver resection.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. extrahepatic metastases in patients with malignancy;
2. patients who refused to take part in this study.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Donors and recipient of LDLT, saged ≥18 years, who will undergo LDLT with donors undergoing right hemihepatectomy and recipients receiving right hemiliver grafts
* Informed consent agreement

Exclusion Criteria:

* if the recipients has fulminant hepatic failure
* if the graft to recipient body weight ratio (GRWR) is \<0.9
* if a frozen biopsy of the donor liver taken prior to donor hemihepatectomy shows \>30% macrovesicular steatosis
* if liver transplantation is ABO incompatible
* if recipients has received previous organ transplants
* if recipients has received or were scheduled to receive multi-organ transplants
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Both male and female, aged 18 or older
* Patients scheduled to undergo hepatic resection for some benign or malignant hepatobiliary disease
* Child-Pugh class A or B liver function
* BiClamp forceps hepatectomy and clamp-crushing feasible based on preoperative imaging
* No tumor invasion the main vein, hepatic artery and vein and major inferior vena cava
* No extrahepatic metastasis
* Voluntary participation in the study, and informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age \<18 years or\> 65 years , pregnant or lactating women
* Preoperative liver function evaluation: Child-Pugh C grade
* Laparoscopic hepatectomy
* Extrahepatic metastasis
* Tumor invasion the main vein, hepatic artery and vein and major inferior vena cava
* The patient refused to sign the informed consent form

Answer: B