Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Juvenile Justice Translational Research on Interventions for Adolescents in the Legal System: Multi-site Implementation Study
Brief Summary: This is a multi site experiment to evaluate the impact of various strategies for increasing the use of evidence based screening, assessment and linkage to substance use treatment. All sites collect baseline data and receive a core intervention. Half are then randomly assigned to get an additional year of coaching to facilitate implementation.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male, 18-65 years, imprisoned at Norrtalje Prison
* WURS-score of 36 or more and fulfilling at least 4 out of 6 criteria on ASRS Screener in an initial screening preceding the trial
* Can read and understand Swedish well enough to participate in the evaluation preceding the trial
* Diagnosis of ADHD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Diseases, Fourth Edition, (DSM-IV) and confirmed by the neuropsychiatric assessment including structured diagnostic interviews and neuropsychological measurements.
* At least 14 months left to conditional release.
* Informed Consent Form to participate in the study signed by the subject.
* Subject agrees to take only the supplied study drug as treatment for ADHD during the study
* Subject is able to comply with the study visit schedule and willing and able to complete the protocol-specified assessments.
* Healthy on the basis of a physical examination and the results of blood biochemistry tests. If the results of the biochemistry tests are not within the normal reference ranges, the subject may be included if the investigator considers the deviations are not clinically relevant.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Known to be a non-responder to methylphenidate.
* Known allergy or hypersensitivity to methylphenidate.
* Any clinically unstable psychiatric condition including, but not limited to, acute mood disorder, bipolar disorder, acute OCD.
* A diagnosis of substance use disorder (abuse/dependence) according to DSM-IV criteria within 3 months prior to screening evaluation for the study.
* Known mental retardation.
* Subjects with history of epileptic seizures, glaucoma, uncontrolled hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmias or structural heart abnormalities.
* Use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors, fluoxetine, venlafaxine, reboxetine, duloxetine.
* Use of alpha-2-receptor agonists, neuroleptics, theophylline, coumarin anticoagulants or anticonvulsants.
* Liver or renal insufficiency. Subjects with hepatitis C without liver insufficiency don´t have to be excluded as long as liver enzymes are followed through the study.
* Subjects who are suicidal.
* Lactose intolerance.
B: Specific site inclusion criteria include: (a) ability to provide youth service records, (b) service to youth under community supervision, (c) access to treatment provider(s) if treatment is not provided directly by the JJ agency, (d) participation in requisite intervention training/activities,(e) minimum average case flow of 10 youth per month, (f) minimum of 10 staff per site, and (g) a senior JJ staff member who agrees to serve as site leader/liaison during the study. Study sites are geographically dispersed and were identified by state JJ agencies (and not selected for particular substance use or related BH service needs).

Youth inclusion criteria include: all youth entering the juvenile justice system during the period within the exception of those who are already in treatment at the time that they are referred to the juvenile justice agency.

Staff inclusion criteria include: all staff actively working with the youth under community supervision in the site with exclusion only of higher level administrative or regional staff over multiple units..
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* 1) Meets Diagnostic and Statistical Manual -5 (DSM-5) criteria for opioid use disorder; (2) detained for at least 48 hours; (3) receiving opioid withdrawal treatment (as-usual) through the Detention Center's medical providers; (4) able and willing to provide informed consent in English; (5) detained for a charge that, if found guilty, will result in a sentence of less than 1 year; (6) plan to reside in Baltimore upon release; (7) 18 years of age and older.

Exclusion Criteria:

* (1) enrolled in methadone or buprenorphine treatment in the community at the time of arrest; (2) having a medical (liver failure, congestive heart failure) or psychiatric condition (e.g., suicidal ideation, psychosis) that would make participation unsafe in the judgment of the medical staff or the PI; (3) pregnancy; (4) allergy to methadone; and, (5) requiring treatment for alcohol or sedative hypnotic withdrawal.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 to 70 years patients needing methadone for their opioid dependence who are either naives of methadone treatment (prescribed) since at least 1 month
* need to switch from buprenorphine to methadone treatment
* negative test for pregnancy

Exclusion Criteria:

* co-dependent on alcohol and benzodiazepines,
* inmates,
* pregnant women,
* individual in irregular situation or who cannot be joined by phone.

Answer: B