Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Impact of a PDA-Based Dietary Adherence Intervention on Interdialytic Weight Gain and Blood Pressure in Hemodialysis Patients
Brief Summary: With this study the investigators will test, in a randomised clinical trial (RCT), the efficacy of a behavioral dietary adherence enhancement intervention paired with PDA-based dietary self-monitoring for controlling sodium intake. Seventy hemodialysis patients will be recruited from units in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Participants will be randomized to a 4-month PDA-based dietary counseling intervention or to a 4-month attention control. Potential participants will be stratified by whether or not they have diabetes. Data on primary and secondary outcomes will be obtained at baseline and four months. Primary dependent variables are:

1. adherence to dietary sodium targets as assessed from 3-day food recalls,
2. average monthly interdialytic weight gain, and
3. average pulse pressure. Secondary dependent variables are:
4. adherence to dietary targets for calories, protein, carbohydrates, fats, saturated fats, potassium, and phosphorus, as assessed from 3-day food recalls, (5) serum potassium and phosphorus levels determined on a monthly basis, and (6) nutritional status as determined from serum albumin. Laboratory data, interdialytic weight gain, and blood pressure data will be obtained per dialysis center routine and abstracted from the medical record. Three-day food recalls will be obtained at baseline, 4 and 8 months and analyzed using the Nutrient Data System.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* (1) 30 to 75 years of age
* (2) individuals in the baseline survey diagnosed with prediabetes. OR BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2 OR waist \>=80 cm in females and \>=94cm in males.

Exclusion Criteria:

* pregnancy, severe mental illness, diabetes, and/or cognitive impairment, current CVD or history of CVD events. CVD includes stroke, angina or myocardial infarction (MI), percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), congestive heart failure (CHF), coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), transient ischemic attack (TIA) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD) or other physical disorders that prevent physical exercise.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Self-identified as a first generation Korean American
* Age 30 years or older
* Resides in Washington-Baltimore area
* Expresses willingness to participate in all aspects of the study over its full course
* Written consent to participate in the screening/eligibility visit
* Self-identified with DM and HbA1c \>= 8% within 6 months of screening
* Written consent to participate in the clinical trial: agreeing to participate in study data collection procedures, receiving DM self -help education, using HGMT, and permitting contact with their own medical care provider.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unable to give informed consent
* Physical or mental health conditions that could limit active participation in the study (e.g., blindness in both eyes, severe immobility, psychiatric diseases)
* Hematological condition that would affect A1C assay, e.g., hemolytic anemia, sickle cell anemia.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Those individuals who are 21 years of age or older
* Literate
* Community-dwelling adults
* Receiving maintenance HD for at least 3 months

Exclusion Criteria:

* Individuals who cannot read or write
* Those who do not speak English
* Those who plan to move out of the area or change dialysis centers within the next 6 months
* Those with a terminal illness and life expectancy of less than 12 months
* Those who are scheduled for a living donor transplant
* Individuals who cannot see the PDA screen or use the stylus to make selections from the PDA screen.
* Those individuals with a score ≤ 26 on the Mini Mental Status Exam.
* Also excluded will be individuals who are living in a nursing home or personal care facility, who would have limited control over their dietary intake.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult patients age 35-70 years
* Receiving care at ACC clinic (2 visits with a primary care provider in the previous year)
* Living in Miami-Dade county (based on zip codes)
* Had a hemoglobin A1C done within the past year, with the latest value being \>=8.0

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients whose Primary Doctor believes are not appropriate candidates for participation
* Type 1 diabetics (identified by Primary Doctor or those with diabetes diagnosed when under age 25).
* Patients who do not self identify as Hispanic
* Any life-threatening or extreme medical comorbidity
* Having a diabetes diagnosis for less than a year
* Planning to move out of the neighborhood during the next year
* Participation in any other CVD or diabetes intervention study
* Arm circumference of greater than 47 cm (oscillometric cuffs do not give accurate readings)

Answer: C