Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Integrated Care Pathway for Hip Fractures in a Subacute Rehabilitation Setting
Brief Summary: The effectiveness of integrated care pathways for hip fractures in sub-acute rehabilitation settings is not known. The study objective was to assess if a hip fracture integrated care pathway at a sub-acute rehabilitation facility would result in better functional outcomes, shorter length of stay and fewer institutionalisations. A randomised controlled trial on an integrated care pathway was conducted for hip fracture patients in a sub-acute rehabilitation setting. The study supports the use of integrated care pathways in sub-acute rehabilitation settings to reduce length of stay whilst achieving the same functional gains.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients admitted to St Luke's Hospital for the purpose of rehabilitation after a new hip fracture.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients were excluded if any of the following criteria were present: (i) Pre-morbid non-ambulatory status, (ii) nursing home residents, (iii) palliative care patients, and (iv) patients previously enlisted for the trial.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 60 years or older
* Admitted from emergency room due to hip fracture
* Receiving hip arthroplasty or internal fixation
* Living in northern Taiwan

Exclusion Criteria:

* Severely cognitively impaired and completely unable to follow orders
* Terminally ill
C: Preoperative Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥ 70 years
* Geriatric patients with hip fractures Treated either with oOsteosynthesis or oEndoprosthesis
* Ability of the patient or assigned representative to understand the content of the patient information / Informed Consent Form
* Signed and dated Institutional Review Board (IRB) / Ethics Committee (EC)-approved written informed consent

Preoperative Exclusion Criteria:

* Recent history of substance abuse (ie, recreational drugs, alcohol) that would preclude reliable assessment
* Prisoner
* Participation in any other medical device or medicinal product study within the previous month that could influence the results of the present study
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Inclusion on cluster level requires the written agreement to participate form the hospital management, the medical head of the division and the head nurse
* Next to this, they have to agree that they will not develop and implement a care pathway for COPD- exacerbation of PFF within the time frame of the study when randomized in the control group
* Finally, the participating hospitals need an expected volume of more than one hundred COPD-exacerbation or PFF patients annually.
* To have a comparable sample across all clusters, the following inclusion criteria on individual level are set:

  1. All professionals that according to the medical head of the division and head nurse are member of the interprofessional team caring for COPD-exacerbation or PFF patients from admission until discharge out of the acute hospital ward
  2. To be part of the interprofessional care team is further conceptualized as being part of the group of clinicians and staff who have a shared clinical purpose and direct care responsibilities for the respective patient group during the set time period
  3. All individual participants need to be member of the team during one specific week, where patients are being followed for the two other trials of the EQCP-project (8). This specific week is chosen by the study coordinator and can be defined as an average week, with normal staff ratios
  4. Because we want to study interprofessional teamwork, each cluster is asked to minimally include the orthopedic surgeons/pneumologists, head nurse, nurses, physiotherapists and social workers in their sample. Based on their own judgment, the chief medical doctor, in consensus with the head nurse, can decide to include other professional groups in their sample
  5. In some hospitals COPD-exacerbation or PFF patients are being admitted at multiple nursing wards, e.g. due to capacity problems or other organizational issues. If that is the case, then the clusters are asked to only include these team members that are working on the ward where the respective patient groups are being admitted most frequently.

Exclusion Criteria:

* All team members that are not working (e.g. on leave) during the chosen week
* All team members who are only temporarily part of the team (e.g. student nurses in training).

Answer: A