Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Functional Recovery in Stroke Patients With Task-Specific Robot-Aided Arm Therapy
Brief Summary: The goal of this study is to determine whether task-oriented, robot-aided therapy is more effective than conventional physical and occupational therapy at promoting functional recovery of the affected arm in chronic hemiparetic stroke patients.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Unilateral ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke
* within 6 months of admission to in-patient rehabilitation
* Persistent hemiparesis
* Proximal Upper Extremity voluntary activity
* Preserved cognitive function
* Difficult access to an organized stroke rehabilitation program

Exclusion Criteria:

* Not independent before stroke
* Hemispatial neglect
* Significant other illnesses
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18 or more
* first-ever stroke (hemorrhagic or ischemic), verified by brain imaging
* stroke more than six months prior to the study
* termination of conventional therapy and stable recovery stage (outpatients)
* moderate to severe motor impairment of the arm (upper limb portion of FMA score between 8 and 38)
* ability to sit in a chair without any additional support and without leaning on the back rest
* written informed consent signed by the subject (or an authorized representative)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Excessive spasticity of the affected arm (mAS ≥ 3)
* any serious medical or psychiatric illness
* participation in any clinical investigation within 4 weeks prior to the start of this study
* anticipated need for any major surgery during the study
* women known to be pregnant or lactating
* Orthopedic, rheumatologic or other disease restricting movements of the paralyzed upper extremity
* shoulder subluxation (palpatory \> 2 fingers)
* diseased or damaged skin at the paralyzed arm
* inability to communicate effectively with the neurological examiner such that the validity of the patient's data could be compromised
* cyber sickness
* pace-maker or other implanted electric devices
* body weight \> 120kg
* serious cognitive deficits and aphasia preventing the performance of the ARMin treatment
* participation in any therapeutic treatment ("outside therapy") performed with the paralyzed arm during the planned study - including baseline and follow up.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* unilateral paresis;
* ability to understand and follow simple instructions;
* minimum ability to perform active movements, even though trunk compensation, using the shoulder and/or the elbow joints.

Exclusion Criteria:

* bilateral impairment;
* severe sensory deficits in the paretic upper limb;
* cognitive impairment or behavioral dysfunction that would influence the ability to understand or perform the experiment;
* inability to provide informed consent;
* other current severe medical problems.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* A single new focal unilateral stroke with diagnosis verified by brain imaging (MRI) or CT scan that has occurred at least 6 months prior to enrollment.
* Age 18 years of age and older.
* Upper extremity Fugl-Meyer score \>=7 or \<=38 (max 66). (These thresholds include neither hemiplegic nor fully recovered motor function in 14 muscles of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist.)
* Cognitive function sufficient to understand the experiments and follow instructions (Mini-Mental Status Score of 22 and higher or interview for aphasic subjects).
* Willingness to avoid any new alternative arm rehabilitative approaches for the duration of the study.
* Written informed consent to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* A fixed contracture in the affected limb that prevents movement along the entire dynamic range required by either robot-assisted or intensive comparison therapy.
* Joint pain that occurs within the range of motion required by the intervention protocols (intensive comparison therapy and robot-assisted therapy).
* Enrolled in or planning to enroll in another interventional research trial that involves the upper limbs using procedures proposed to enhance or limit the function of the upper extremity (such as adjuvant rehabilitation or Botox injections) during the 36 weeks of participation.
* Prior experience with robot-assisted therapy or intensive comparison therapy for the upper limb as described in this specific study.
* A complicating medical condition that would prevent completion of the trial.
* Unable to complete the nine-month study, e.g., extended planned vacation.
* Any other known pre-existing bone diseases that might increase the risk of bone fracture or other injury from intensive comparison therapy or robot-assisted therapy.

Answer: B