Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Effectiveness of the Physiotherapy Techniques Group GDS and Individual GDS for the Treatment of Nonspecific Low Back Pain in Primary Care. A Cluster, Randomized, Controlled Trial.
Brief Summary: A cluster, randomized, controlled clinical trial, where the hypothesis is that Group GDS and Individual GDS are effective in the treatment of nonspecific low back pain. The clusters will be the participating physiotherapy departments in primary care who treat patients with low back pain. In each physiotherapy department there will be 3 groups: education group, Group GDS and Individual GDS. Patients will be followed for 12 months. Variables will be: demographic,intensity of pain, disability, quality of life, patient satisfaction, medication intake for current episode, non-pharmacologic treatment for current episode, co-morbidity, diagnostic tests, sick leave, and habitual physical activity. The questionnaires to be used are: Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire, PI-NRS, VAS, SF-12 and EQ-5d.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Self-report having had lower back pain on most days for greater than three months.
2. Can complete a 10 second semi-tandem stand and walk 8' in 6.0 seconds.
3. Report they are not satisfied with their current state of functional ability, based on reporting "dissatisfied" with at least one aspect of physical function on the Satisfaction with Physical Function Scale.
4. Can safely participate in the intervention based upon the physical therapist baseline examination and clinical expertise.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. unilateral or bilateral sciatica that physical therapist determines could make the study intervention unsafe or inappropriate; isolated coccyx pain (based on self-report at screener);
2. dementia or other significant cognitive impairment;
3. movement or motor neuron disorders (e.g., Parkinson's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis);
4. rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia, or other systemic rheumatic disease;
5. hospitalization for a stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, or coronary artery revascularization in the past 3 months;
6. significant hearing impairment (must be able to talk on the telephone);
7. psychosis or current, uncontrolled substance abuse disorder;
8. any other health conditions determined by the study team to be contraindications to performing mild to moderate home exercises.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with chronic non-specific low back pain diagnosed and at least 12 weeks of mechanical pain.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients:
* With arterial hypertension diagnosed.
* With progressive neurological deficits.
* Pregnant or suspect that they are pregnant.
* With psychological or psychiatric process diagnosed.
* Under analgesic treatment.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients diagnosed with lower back pain with a pain score of 4 or higher on DVPRS for 3 months
* Male or female
* Age 18-68\*
* Able to read and understand English
* Understands language, and able to report current pain levels and recall events
* DEERS-Eligible, Military healthcare beneficiary

Exclusion Criteria:

* Provider has advised against mild to moderate exercise
* Patient unable to sit on the floor for two minutes or unable to stand independently
* Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, Fibromyalgia, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Auto Immune disease-related pain, other chronic medical conditions (i.e. advanced diabetic neuropathies) that preclude consent
* Patients with severe TBI
* Practiced Yoga within 6 months
* Pre-surgical candidates for back surgery within 3 months
* Back surgery within the past year
* Pregnancy\*\*; females will be asked to self-report
* Undergoing Medical Evaluation Board to determine discharge
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* diagnosed with nonspecific low back pain by the primary care physician
* more than or equal to 18 and less than or equal to 65 years of age

Exclusion Criteria:

* not signing the informed consent form
* pregnancy
* diagnosis of inflammatory rheumatologic disease, cancer, or fibromyalgia
* signs for suspicion of fibromyalgia
* having red flags for systemic disease
* presenting criteria for urgent referral to surgery
* presenting criteria for non-urgent referral to surgery
* inability to read, understand, or follow verbal orders (dementia,blindness, doesn´t know how to read)
* bedridden
* having received physiotherapy in last 12 months

Answer: D