Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Enhancing Conservative Treatment for Urge Incontinence
Brief Summary: The primary objective of this project is to evaluate whether enhancing drug therapy with components of behavioral training, including pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation, results in better outcomes than drug therapy alone for urge incontinence in community-dwelling women.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Symptoms of overactive bladder (including urinary frequency, urgency with/without urge incontinence) for\> 3 months

Exclusion Criteria:

* Clinically significant outflow obstruction
* Significant post void residual volume
* Significant stress incontinence or mixed stress/urge incontinence where stress is the predominant factor as determined by the investigator.
* Patient with a neurological cause for abnormal detrusor activity.
* Evidence of a symptomatic urinary tract infection, chronic inflammation such as interstitial cystitis, bladder stones, previous pelvic radiation therapy or previous or current malignant disease of the pelvic organs
B: Eligible participants were all ambulatory adults aged 18 or over with predominant iOAB syndrome with or without stress urinary incontinence (the number of urgency and urgency incontinence episodes exceeded the number of stress incontinence episodes and other accidents in bladder diary), who were candidates for behavioural therapy as a first-line treatment after initial clinical assessment, including history, physical examination, symptom questionnaires, 3-day bladder diary, repeated uroflowmetry and postvoid residual measurements for all patients and urodynamics for some patients with a suspicion of presence of the exclusion criteria.

Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, suspected neurogenic disease, stress predominant mixed urinary incontinence, continuous urinary leakage, previous anti-incontinence surgery, voiding dysfunction (PVR\> 100 ml), genitourinary malignancies, current or previous behavioural therapy programs, previous or current use of antimuscarinic agents, symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse, severe co-morbidities such as congestive heart failure, chronic renal failure, impaired cognitive functions.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

Participants in this study were ambulatory, community-dwelling women (veterans and nonveterans) with persistent urge or predominantly urge incontinence.

Participants must:

1. Be ambulatory.
2. Be able to come to the clinic for treatment.
3. Report urge incontinence.
4. Report incontinence occurring at least twice per week on average.
5. Report incontinence persisting for at least three months.
6. Not have received behavioral therapy in the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Continence Clinic or Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Continence Clinic.
7. In the clinical interview, the subject must report involuntary loss of urine associated with a strong desire to void and that the condition has persisted for at least three months.
8. At least two urge accidents on the 7-day baseline bladder diary, and the number of urge accidents must exceed the number of other types of accidents.
9. On urodynamic evaluation, there must be cystometric evidence of bladder dysfunction, either: detrusor instability or maximal cystometric capacity is less than 400 ml.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Continual leakage.
2. Urinary tract infection (defined as growth of greater than 10,000 colonies per ml of a urinary pathogen on urine culture).
3. Fecal impaction.
4. Uncontrolled metabolic problem.
5. Post-void residual volume \> 150 ml.
6. Hematuria on microscopic examination in the absence of infection. A urologic consultation will be recommended and enrollment will depend on agreement between the urologist and geriatrician (co-PI) that entry into treatment protocol is not contraindicated.
7. Severe uterine prolapse (prolapse reaching the vaginal introitus).
8. Decompensated congestive heart failure, diagnosed by history or physical exam.
9. Impaired mental status. (\<24 on Folstein's Mini-Mental State Exam).
10. Uncontrolled narrow angle glaucoma.
11. Gastric retention (by medical history).
12. Hypersensitivity to oxybutynin.
13. Current use of anticholinergic agents for detrusor instability. Subjects on these medications will be asked to discontinue them for the duration of the study. Evaluation will be delayed until the drug(s) have been discontinued for 2 weeks.
14. If on diuretic, dose stable for less than three months.
D: Inclusion Criteria:(For randomized trial)

1. Non-pregnant English-speaking women
2. 18 yo or older
3. Overactive Bladder (OAB) Awareness scores ≥ 8
4. 3 UUI episodes/week for ≥ 3 months

Exclusion Criteria: (For Randomized trial)

1. Women with a history of neurologic diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, stroke, or dementia
2. History of schizophrenia or untreated bipolar disorder or current drug or alcohol dependence
3. Women who have taken anticholinergic medications for UUI within the last 3 weeks (women who have taken anti-cholinergics for UUI but discontinued them \> than 3 weeks ago may participate in the study) or have a sacral neuromodulator in place to treat UUI or have received Onabotulinum toxin A in the last 12 months to treat UUI
4. Contraindications to anticholinergic medications (untreated narrow angle glaucoma, significant urinary retention or gastric retention)
5. Pregnant women or lactating women, women who plan to become pregnant in the next year, or pre-menopausal women unwilling to use contraception if engaging in sexual relations during the year of study participation (hysterectomy is considered to be a form of contraception)
6. Untreated urinary tract infection
7. Prolapse which extends past the hymen (POP-Q points of ≥ 1+) which may be responsible for UUI symptoms
8. Women who cannot keep the majority of the study therapy appointments or those without reliable contact phone numbers or methods of communication with the study personnel.

Answer: C