Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Clustered Trial for Improving Perinatal Care in Uruguay/Argentina
Brief Summary: Many obstetrical interventions used in Latin America, as in other parts of the world, have been shown to be ineffective or harmful, while effective interventions remain underutilized. This study will develop and evaluate an intervention intended to implement two evidence-based practices among birth attendants in Latin America, the selective use of episiotomies and active management of the third stage of labor.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* 2 units per hospital for participation. One unit will be randomized to receive the intervention; the other will serve as a control. Inclusion Criteria: Non-specialty (medical) units and units with similar types of patients and fall rates (fall rates higher than hospital mean).
* Identify focus group/interview participants. Interdisciplinary staff members. Selection criteria: nurses, nursing assistants and other providers (12 total more heavily weighted w/nursing staff) to participate in the study focus groups.
* Patients who have fallen (4 patients at each hospital) for participation in phone interview.
* Patients for analysis must be adults admitted to intervention units.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Anyone who does not meet criteria above.
B: Inclusion Criteria for Hospitals

Hospitals were invited to participate in the study if they fulfill the following criteria:

* have an Institutional Review Board (IRB), or existing committee which could serve as such, or have an agreement with an IRB which reviews the research protocols implemented in the hospital;
* have at least 500 vaginal deliveries per year;
* do not have an explicit policy for selective episiotomy and for active management of third stage of labor;
* are located within the study area in Argentina and Uruguay; and
* agree to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria for Hospitals

Preselected hospitals are performing baseline data collection. According to the results of the analysis of the baseline data collection, hospitals will be excluded if the episiotomy rate is low or the rate of active management of the third stage of labor is high, according to the following cut-off points:

* Episiotomy rate in spontaneous vaginal deliveries below 20%
* Rate of active management of third stage of labor over 25%

The sample size of the study was increased to allow for exclusions.

Expectant management is defined as "a hands-free policy" during third stage of labor until the placenta is expelled: no use of uterotonics or special maneuvers.

Sampling, Recruitment, and Screening Procedures

Latin American Center for Perinatology (CLAP) coordination team will be responsible for the hospital selection. The hospitals' fulfillment of selection criteria will be obtained through a survey of the Heads of the Obstetrical Departments.

Besides the selection criteria, the coordination unit will invite the hospitals to participate according to:

* their participation in previous trials coordinated by CLAP,
* their participation in other trials or research activities, and
* their location.

Of particular interest are the characteristics of each preselected hospital regarding the structure of the professional staff, number of deliveries, and clinical guidelines policy.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* General practitioner
* Specialist in general practice
D: Inclusion Criteria:

The intervention is screening for TB in general practices which were randomised to control or intervention

Exclusion Criteria:

Practices that refused to participate could not be included. We excluded the general practice where the pilot study was undertaken

Answer: B