Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Double-blind Trial Comparing the Efficacy, Tolerability and Safety of Monotherapy Topiramate Versus Phenytoin in Subjects With Seizures Indicative of New Onset Epilepsy
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of two treatment regimens, topiramate as compared to phenytoin, in preventing seizures in patients with new-onset epilepsy who require rapid initiation of antiepileptic drug therapy. Reasons for requiring rapid initiation of treatment, rather than slowly increasing an antiepileptic drug to an effective dose, may include severe or frequent seizures, or high risk to the patient of recurrent seizures.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients from age 4 to 16, who have been diagnosed with focal epilepsy
2. Patients who have experienced minimal two unprovoked seizures, or patients who have had one unprovoked seizure and have shown focal abnormality in the EEG
3. Patients who have not received any antiepileptic medications prior to the study (Those who have been treated with rescue medication are eligible)
4. Patients with eligible consent or with legal guardians have given official consent

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with progressive CNS disease, or systemic illness
2. Patients with level of SGOT/SPGT above the doubled normal level or BUN/Creatinine above the 3 times of the normal range
3. Patients who had used other anti-epileptic medication during any period of the trial, including baseline period. (Benzodiazepine used as rescue therapy is acceptable)
4. Patients who show hypersensitive reaction to the study medication.
5. Patients with any psychological problems.
6. Patients deemed inappropriate for the study by the investigators
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Active epilepsy
* Aged 2-15 years

Exclusion Criteria:

* Excluded absence
* Myoclonic and malignant epilepsy syndromes
* Major motor and cognitive impairments
* Those currently receiving antiepilepsy drugs.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Seizures indicative of new-onset epilepsy (or epilepsy relapse) of untreated epilepsy
* at least one but not more than 20 unprovoked seizures within past 3 months
* weighing more than 110 pounds
* considered to be a good candidate for rapid initiation of anti-seizure medication
* able to swallow a tablet whole (without crushing it).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Not having taken anti-seizure medications within the past 30 days
* no provoking factors for seizures (presence of alcohol withdrawal, drug intoxication, acute meningitis or encephalitis, acute head injury or stroke, acute hypoxic/ischemic encephalopathy, or brain tumor)
* no presence of active liver disease or serious kidney disease
* not pregnant or breast-feeding
* not using birth control.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of epilepsy (all types of seizures) was made during the past year
* Subjects must have had at least two unprovoked seizures in the past 2 years with at least one during the last 6 months
* Female subjects without childbearing potential are eligible. Female subjects with childbearing potential are eligible if they use a medically accepted contraceptive method

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects previously allocated to a trial treatment (CBZ, VPA and LEV) used in this trial
* Participation in another clinical trial with an investigational drug or device within 12 weeks of the selection visit (V1), or at any time during this trial
* Pregnant or lactating women
* Presence of known pseudoseizures within the last year
* Uncountable seizures (clusters) or history of convulsive status epilepticus
* Any disorder or condition that may interfere with the absorption, distribution, metabolisation or excretion of drugs
* History of suicide attempt, current suicidal ideation, or other serious psychiatric disorders requiring or having required hospitalization or medication within the previous five years
* Presence of progressive cerebral disease, any other progressively degenerative neurological disease, or any cerebral tumors
* Presence of a terminal illness or any medical condition that might interfere with the subject's trial participation

Answer: C