Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Neurostimulation and Cognitive Intervention in Alzheimer's Disease
Brief Summary: This study is a double blind, sham-controlled clinical trial aiming to compare the long-term effects of stimulation in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Sixty early AD patients will take part in a phase II/III clinical study over a 1-year period. The study involves transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), cognitive training (CT), detailed neuropsychological and neurological testing. These assessments will occur at baseline, then again at two month (end point). Those who achieve clinical improvement with neurostimulation and cognitive therapy will be invited to receive treatment for 12 months as part of a follow-up study.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria: Inclusion criteria pertain to both the person with dementia (PwD) and the caregiver (CG) such that if either is eligible but the other is not, the dyad is not enrolled.

* PwD and caregiver are English speaking
* Diagnosed with probable dementia
* PwD is able to participate in at least 2 activities of daily living (bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, transferring from bed to chair)
* Person with dementia exhibits agitated or aggressive behaviors
* If PwD is on a psychotropic medication he/she must be on a stable dose for at least 60 days
* CG is at least 21 years old
* CG lives with or within 5 miles of the person with dementia
* CG is accessible by telephone to schedule interviews and sessions
* CG is planning to live in the area for at least 6 months
* If the CG is on a psychotropic medication he/she must be on a stable dose for at least 60 days

Exclusion Criteria:Exclusion criteria pertain to both the person with dementia and the caregiver such that if either is eligible but the other is not, the dyad is not enrolled.

* PwD has a history of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
* Dementia is secondary to probable head trauma
* PwD is not responsive to environment (e.g., unable to understand short commands or recognize a person coming in/out of the room).
* the CG is currently involved in another clinical trial of psychosocial or educational interventions
* the CG is planning to place PwD in a nursing home within 6 months.
* dyads will be excluded if either CG or PwD: 1) has a terminal illness with life expectancy \< 6 months, 2) is in active treatment for cancer, or 3) has had \> 3 acute medical hospitalizations in past year.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* aged 65 years or older
* mild to moderate dementia (MMSE 10-24)
* living in the community at maximum of 50 kilometers from the Memory Clinic
* having an informal primary caregiver who was involved in the care for the patient at least once a week

Exclusion Criteria:

* depression: score \> 12 on the Geriatric Depression Scale
* severe behavioral or psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD) judged by a geriatrician
* severe illnesses, judged by a geriatrician
* no OT goals, determined by the researcher or research assistant
* caregivers having severe illnesses
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or female age 60-90 years
* Patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease, according to the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) and NINCDS-ADRDA (National Institute for Communicative Disorders and Stroke - Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association) criteria
* Score between 18 and 26 on the Mini Mental State Examination
* Have a CDR (Clinical Dementia Rating) of 1.0
* If medicated for AD, then use of cholinesterase inhibitors, for at least 3 months and on stable dose for at least 60 days prior to screening.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pre-existing structural brain abnormalities,
* Other neurologic or psychiatric diagnoses
* Transcranial direct current stimulation criteria: patients with implanted metallic or electronic devices; pacemaker; seizures; pregnancy; any other condition that might limit or interfere in the sensorimotor system
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Lives in the community and speaks English
2. adult aged 50-90 years old
3. lives with someone who can provide consent to be in the study
4. diagnosed with some form of dementia
5. cognitive score on the Mini-Mental Status Examination score \>10 but ≤25
6. able to understand and follow one step commands
7. can move one arm sufficiently for practicing tasks
8. participant or family member can identify three goal areas related to self-care or home management
9. able to participate in 3 hours of daily therapy in their home environment for 2 consecutive weeks

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Creutzfeldt-Jakob Dementia, delirium or a progressive neurological condition such as Parkinson's disease
2. receptive or global aphasia
3. uncorrected vision/hearing

Answer: C