Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Mild Cognitive Impairment and Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Brief Summary: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been linked to increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but little prospective evidence exists on the effects of OSA treatment in preclinical AD. The objective was to determine if CPAP treatment adherence, controlling for baseline differences, predicts cognitive and everyday function after 1 year in older adults with MCI and to determine effect sizes for a larger trial. The aim of the Mild Cognitive Impairment and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (Memories 1) trial was to determine whether CPAP treatment adherence, controlling for any baseline differences in OSA severity, ApoE4, and other previously identified demographic and patient factors, might predict cognitive and everyday function after 1 year in older adults with amnestic MCI.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 to 85 years old men and women
* stable patient
* BMI\<40kg/m²
* OSA patients diagnosed with polysomnography or polygraphy
* SCORE\>5% and/or cardiovascular disease pas history :
* transient ischemic attack, stroke, cerebral haemorrhagy
* myocardial infraction, angor, coronary revascularization, arteriopathy, aortic aneurism

Exclusion Criteria:

* central sleep apnea syndrome
* SCORE\<5%
* cardiac failure
* past history of hypercapnic chronic respiratory failure
* past history of severe or intercurrent pathology which can not allow the patient follow-up
* Incapacitated patients in accordance with article L 1121-6 of the public health code
* patients taking part in another clinical trial
B: Inclusion Criteria: acute ischemic stroke with NIH Stroke Scale \>=2 -

Exclusion Criteria: respiratory distress; COPD requiring oxygen; primary intracranial hemorrhage on admission brain imaging; time from symptom onset to sleep study or CPAP treatment \>72 hours or time from hospital admission to sleep study or CPAP treatment \>48 hours; life expectancy less than 6 months; inability to provide informed consent; inability to communicate in English; residence outside the greater New Haven area; or any condition where the monitoring required by the study would constitute a risk to the patient or impair his or her care.

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C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Consecutive patients aged 18-70 years of age
* Documented obstructive sleep apnea by polysomnography (AHI 5 or more/hr)
* Established diagnosis of PTSD related to any past lifetime traumatic event and have a diagnosis of current, chronic PTSD

Exclusion Criteria:

* Central sleep apnea defined as central apnea/hypopnea \>50% of the total respiratory events
* Prior treatment for sleep apnea
* Veterans with fewer than 4 teeth remaining in either arch
* Coexisting narcolepsy
* Tempo-mandibular joint disease
* Epilepsy
* Prominent suicidal or homicidal ideation
* Diagnosis of dementia
D: Inclusion criteria

Participants are included in the study if all of the following criteria are met:

(1) Are able to provide written informed consent by self or legally authorized representative. MacArthur Competency Assessment Tool for Clinical Research (MacCAT-CR) will be used to assess decision making capacity; (2) OSA defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥10, using either a clinical split- or whole-night polysomnography. We chose an AHI cut-off of ≥10 as opposed to ≥15, the conventional cut-off for moderate OSA because split-night studies underestimate the AHI; (3) education-adjusted scores of 28-35 on the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status; (4) 0-0.5 on the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR); (5) 24-30 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE); (6) memory impairment approximately 1.0-1.5 standard deviations below normal (adjusted for age and education), determined by scores on the Logical Memory II test; (7) performance approximately 1.0-1.5 standard deviations below normal (adjusted for age and education) in no more than one cognitive domain in addition to memory; (8) medications stable for at least 4 weeks; washout from psychoactive medications (e.g., excluded anti-depressants, neuroleptics, chronic anxiolytics, and sedative hypnotics) for 4 weeks; (9) score of ≤28 on the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory II; (10) a study partner who spends at least 10 hours per week in phone or in-person contact with participant; (11) visual and auditory acuity for testing; (12) 6 or more grades of education completed, or a history to exclude intellectual disability; and (13) English fluency.

Exclusion criteria

Patients are excluded from participating in this study if 1 or more of the following criteria are met:

(1) significant neurologic disease other than MCI; (2) MRI exclusions, e.g. metal; (3) psychiatric disorders, including uncontrolled major depression, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia; (4) history of alcohol dependence within 6 months; (5) current significant unstable medical condition; (6) participation in studies involving neuropsychological testing; (7) currently receiving CPAP; (8) requiring oxygen during CPAP; (9) dementia indicated by impairment in 3-5 age and education adjusted cognitive domains.

Answer: D