Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Epidural Steroid Injections for Spinal Stenosis in Persons 50 and Older
Brief Summary: The broad, long-term objective of this research protocol is to improve the quality of life for patients suffering from lumbar spinal stenosis. This objective will be met by examining the safety and clinical efficacy of epidural steroid injections for treatment of pain associated with lumbar spinal stenosis. This prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled trial (RCT) will test the hypothesis that the effectiveness of epidural steroid injections (ESI) plus local anesthetic (LA) is greater than epidural injections of LA alone in older adults with lumbar spinal stenosis.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Epidural Steroid injection; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Epidural steroid with local anesthetic injection, Drug: Epidural steroid injection | Arm Label: Epidural local anesthetic injection; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Epidural local anesthetic injection, Drug: Epidural local anesthetic injection | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Epidural steroid with local anesthetic injection; Assigned to Arm(s): Epidural Steroid injection | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Epidural local anesthetic injection; Assigned to Arm(s): Epidural local anesthetic injection | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Epidural steroid injection; Assigned to Arm(s): Epidural Steroid injection | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Epidural local anesthetic injection; Assigned to Arm(s): Epidural local anesthetic injection
B: Arm Label: local anesthetic; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Caudal epidural injection | Arm Label: Local anesthetic with generic Celestone; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Caudal Epidural Injection with generic Celestone | Arm Label: Local anesthetic with Celestone; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Caudal Epidural Injection with Celestone | Arm Label: Local anesthetic with DepoMedrol; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Caudal Epidural Injection with DepoMedrol | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Caudal epidural injection; Assigned to Arm(s): local anesthetic | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Caudal Epidural Injection with generic Celestone; Assigned to Arm(s): Local anesthetic with generic Celestone | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Caudal Epidural Injection with Celestone; Assigned to Arm(s): Local anesthetic with Celestone | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Caudal Epidural Injection with DepoMedrol; Assigned to Arm(s): Local anesthetic with DepoMedrol
C: Arm Label: Epidural steroids; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: epidural steroid injection, Drug: Placebo gabapentin | Arm Label: Gabapentin; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Sham epidural steroid injection, Drug: Gabapentin | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: epidural steroid injection; Assigned to Arm(s): Epidural steroids | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Sham epidural steroid injection; Assigned to Arm(s): Gabapentin | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Gabapentin; Assigned to Arm(s): Gabapentin | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo gabapentin; Assigned to Arm(s): Epidural steroids
D: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: etanercept | Arm Label: 2; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: methylprednisolone | Arm Label: 3; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: normal saline | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: etanercept; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: methylprednisolone; Assigned to Arm(s): 2 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: normal saline; Assigned to Arm(s): 3

Answer: A