Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Medication Adherence in Kidney Transplant Recipients Using Automated Reminders and Provider Notification
Brief Summary: Novel wireless technology has created inexpensive tools that allow both accurate monitoring of adherence to pills as well as real-time interventions such as automated reminders in the event of a missed dose. In this study, the investigators will use Vitality GlowCaps, an electronic pill bottle. These pill bottles provide an unbiased assessment of pill bottle opening and a valid approach to verifying self-administered pill taking, reflecting not only daily use but also patterns of drug use and timing. At the prescribed times, bottle will electronically transmit whether a subject opened the pill cap to take the immunosuppressant medication via a built-in transmitter to the central server. The investigators will randomize participants to usual care, customized reminders, and customized reminders paired with provider notification in the event of low adherence.

The investigators' aim: To improve immunosuppression (IS) medication adherence in kidney transplant recipients.

The investigators' hypotheses: a) Automated reminders will improve adherence to immunosuppression compared to usual care, and b) Automated reminders, paired with provider notification about patients with poor adherence, will improve adherence to immunosuppression compared to usual care.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults (≥22 years)
* Receive a kidney transplant at the Johns Hopkins Hospital

Exclusion Criteria:

* Non-English speaking participants
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult (18 years or older) kidney or kidney-pancreas transplant recipient
* Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP) kidney transplant recipient (KTR)
* Recruitment within 2 weeks of discharge date
* Living within 120 miles of HUP

Exclusion Criteria:

* Vulnerable populations
* HIV seropositive status
* Poor English communication (which might hinder necessary communication with study coordinators)
* Discharge to care facility that handles patient medications
* Demonstrates inability or unwillingness to manage own medications
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Enrolled (consented) prior to hospital discharge from heart transplantation or within one month after discharge, but not later than 3 months post-transplantation;
* English as primary language or fluent in English; and
* Informed consent and assent obtained.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Positive donor-specific cytotoxicity requiring different immunosuppressive regimen from standard care;
* Inability or unwillingness of a participant to give written informed consent or comply with study protocol;
* Re-transplant or multi-organ transplant recipient;
* Condition or characteristic which in the opinion of the investigator makes the participant unlikely to complete at least one year of follow-up; or
* Current participation in other research studies that would, or might, interfere with the scientific integrity or safety of current study (e.g. by interference with immunosuppression management guidelines and study end-points).
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Males or females age 14 to 23 years
* Greater than one year post kidney, heart or liver transplant
* Able to speak and read in English
* Willing and able to provide informed consent or assent
* Parental guardian permission (informed consent) if appropriate

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unwilling to participate
* Unable to speak or read in English
* Unable to provide informed assent or consent
* Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 20 ml/min/1.73m\^2
* On dialysis
* Less than three months post transplant
* Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease

Answer: B