Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: 12-step Facilitation for the Dually Diagnosed
Brief Summary: This is a randomized trial testing the efficacy of a modified 12-step facilitation therapy for individuals with serious mental illness and alcohol use disorders, compared to usual treatment. 135 participants are randomized in 2:1 ratio to the modified 12-step facilitation (12 sessions of individual counseling) vs. treatment as usual. The primary hypothesis is that those receiving 12-step facilitation will have better drinking outcomes (percent days abstinence and drinks per drinking day)at end of treatment.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* (1) drug or alcohol abuse or dependence and SMI (major depressive disorder; depressive disorder not otherwise specified \[NOS\]; bipolar disorder I, II, or NOS; schizophrenia spectrum disorder; schizoaffective disorder; schizophreniform disorder; brief psychotic disorder; delusional disorder; or psychotic disorder NOS);
* (2) resident of Wake County and detained in The Jail;
* (3) \>18 years of age; (4) able to speak/read English; and (5) able to provide informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

-
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* substance use
* acutely admitted to psychiatric hospital

Exclusion Criteria:

* dementia
* serious brain damage
* not speaking Norwegian or English
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* adults (age 18+)
* both sexes
* associated with one of the two participating community mental health centres
* diagnosed following the ICD-10 criteria of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
* able to speak and understand Danish
* giving informed consent verbally and in writing

Exclusion Criteria:

* have a guardian or a forensic psychiatric arrangement
* comorbidity with the ICD-10 criteria of the diagnoses of dementia or mental retardation
* a large-scale substance abuse - if later on the abuse is under control inclusion in the trial will be possible
* a current home of supported housing - since the treatment as usual given to this group of patients is significant different from patients living independently
* a current involvement in a psycho-educational course - patients are eligible for participation in the trial after the psycho-educational course has ended if they meet the inclusion criteria at this point
* not given informed consent.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. SCID Diagnosis of a psychotic disorder (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or psychosis not otherwise specified) or a major affective disorder (major depression, bipolar disorder, or depressive disorder not otherwise specified, provided in the latter case that criteria have been met for a major depressive episode).
2. SCID diagnosis of alcohol abuse or dependence which is active within the past 1 month (i.e., not in early or sustained full remission).
3. Two or more days of heavy drinking (5 or more drinks for per occasion for a man, 4 or more drinks per occasion for a woman) in the 30 days prior to screening.
4. Willingness to participate in specialized 12-step programs.
5. Ability to provide informed consent.
6. Ability to read, speak, and understand English at least the 5th grade level.
7. Ability to provide at least one contact person to assist in tracking for follow-up assessment.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Current attendance of any 12-step program (two or more 12-step meetings in the past month).
2. Unstable psychiatric illness, defined by psychiatric hospitalization in the past 1 month; more than 3 hospitalizations in the past year; or psychosis or mania which would render the individual incapable of informed consent.
3. Active suicidality (any clinically significant suicide attempts in the past 3 months or any current suicidal intent or definite plan).
4. Current homicidal ideation aimed at a specific person or persons.
5. Medical illness which is severe enough to compromise participation in the study.
6. Mental retardation, dementia, or other cognitive impairment of sufficient severely to render the individual incapable of informed consent or incapable of comprehending and participating in the TSF therapy or 12-step meetings.
7. Expectation of being out of town or in jail for more than 21 days during the treatment period.
8. Expectation of participation in any other formal addiction treatment during the study period (not including TAU, 12-step or other mutual support groups).
9. Current engagement in behavioral health treatment (including case management) at another facility.
10. Current engagement in non-TAU treatment at UNMPC, such as psychotherapy, intensive outpatient treatment, or MET.

Answer: D