Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Delirium Duration of Non-intubated ICU Patients (4D Trial)
Brief Summary: The primary purpose of the study is to evaluate whether dexmedetomidine is effective in treating agitated delirium of non-intubated ICI patients


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult patients (age 18 years or older) in a state of delirium (hyperactive ore mixed type) upon detection in the ICU (i.e., ICDSC \>3).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Hypersensitivity to the active substance
* Advanced heart block (grade 2 or 3) unless implanted pacemaker
* Uncontrolled hypotension
* Severe cardiac dysfunction
* Bradycardia
* Egg allergy
* Soybean/soy allergy
* Age below 18 years
* Terminal state
* Pregnancy
* Active psychosis (of non organic origin = functional disturbances)
* Status epilepticus or postictal states following seizures on EEG
B: Inclusion Criteria

1. Patients intubated and mechanical ventilated for \< 72 hours
2. Age \> 18 years
3. Baseline independent functional status as assessed by a Barthel Index score \> 70 collected from a proxy reflecting baseline health 2 weeks prior to critical illness

Exclusion Criteria

1. Rapidly evolving neurological/neuromuscular disease
2. Cardiac arrest
3. Irreversible conditions with six month mortality estimated at \> 50%
4. Elevated intracranial pressure
5. Multiple absent limbs (precluding complete musculoskeletal examination)
6. Enrollment in another trial
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. adult patients (≥18 years old)
2. in a medical and/or surgical ICU
3. on mechanical ventilation or non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV), and/or requiring vasopressors due to shock
4. delirious (according to the CAM-ICU)

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Rapidly resolving organ failure criteria, indicated by planned immediate discontinuation of mechanical ventilation, NIPPV, and/or vasopressors at the time of screening for study enrollment
2. Pregnancy or breastfeeding (negative pregnancy test required prior to enrollment of female patients of childbearing age)
3. Severe dementia or neurodegenerative disease, defined as either impairment that prevents the patient from living independently at baseline or IQCODE \>4.5, measured using a patient's qualified surrogate, mental illness requiring long-term institutionalization, acquired or congenital mental retardation, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and/or coma or another severe deficit due to structural brain disease such as stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, cranial trauma, intracranial malignancy, anoxic brain injury, or cerebral edema.
4. History of torsades de pointes, documented baseline QT prolongation (congenital long QT syndrome), or QTc \>500 ms at screening due to refractory electrolyte abnormalities, other drugs, or thyroid disease
5. Ongoing maintenance therapy with typical or atypical antipsychotics
6. History of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), haloperidol allergy, or ziprasidone allergy
7. Expected death within 24 hours of enrollment or lack of commitment to aggressive treatment by family or the medical team (e.g., likely withdrawal of life support measures within 24 hours of screening)
8. Inability to obtain informed consent from an authorized representative within 72 hours of meeting all inclusion criteria, i.e., developing qualifying organ dysfunction criteria.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* • Age \> 18 years

  * Patient hospitalized in an ICU
  * Presenting a productive delirium according to the following criteria:
  * acute onset (\<2h) and fluctuating course during the same day
  * alteration of cognitive functions: disorganization of thought (delirium of persecution, inability to reason logically), abnormal perceptions (hallucinations), memory impairments, temporal disorientation, non- or misrecognitions, difficulties in naming objects or writing)
  * in whom a simple cropping and non-medicated therapeutics are not sufficient to allow symptoms' resolution for few hours
  * CAM-ICU positive AND a RASS \> +1
  * Non-intubated or extubated (\> 24h)
  * No contraindication of dexmedetomidine or haloperidol uses

Exclusion Criteria:

* • Age \<18 years

  * Administration of dexmedetomidine and/or clonidine during the 72 hours before inclusion
  * Contraindication to the use of Dexmedetomidine, clonidine or haloperidol (history of allergy, Parkinson's disease, oro-pharyngeal dysfunction, arterial hypotension or bradycardia, QTc interval prolongation, and hepatic or renal dysfunction), as mentioned in the Summaries of Product Characteristics
  * Neuropsychiatric pathology judged by the investigator as a potential source of bias (in particular: active drug addiction, psychosis...)
  * Parturient or breast-feeding woman
  * Protected major (guardianship)
  * Patient's or relative's refusal to participate

Answer: D