Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Non-inferiority of Short-term Catheterization Following Fistula Repair Surgery
Brief Summary: This facility-based, multi-center randomized controlled trial (RCT) will test the non-inferiority of short-term (7 day) urethral catheterization compared to longer-term (14 day) urethral catheterization in terms of predicting fistula repair breakdown three months following urinary fistula repair surgery. The study will be conducted among 507 women with simple fistula presenting at 8 study sites in Sub-Saharan Africa for fistula repair surgery.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age \> 18
* Competent to consent to participate in trial
* Undergoing colorectal surgery (any resection of large bowel, formation of colostomy, anterior resection, low anterior resection, panproctocolectomy, abdominoperineal resection).
* Receiving epidural analgesia post-operatively
* If male, international prostate symptom score \<20.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Previous lower urinary tract surgery
* Chronic lower urinary tract disease
* Intermittent self-catheterisation
* Neurogenic bladder
* Urethral catheter inserted \>24 hours pre-operatively
* Presence of pelvic sepsis/abscess at surgery
* Previous trans-abdominal pelvic surgery
* Urethral catheter required for urine output monitoring beyond 24 hours post-operatively
* Presence of enterovesical fistula
* Pre-operative use of medications which alter detrusor function
* Pregnancy
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Have a "simple" fistula, as determined at the end of fistula repair surgery (irrespective of the number of prior repair attempts and the cause of the fistula, with the exceptions noted under the exclusion criteria below)
* Have a closed fistula at completion of surgery
* Have a closed fistula 7 days after surgery (i.e. at the time of randomization)
* Understand study procedures and requirements
* Agree to return to the facility for one follow-up visit three month after the date of surgery
* Provide informed consent to participate in the study or in the case of non-emancipated minors, both consent to the study and receive proxy consent to participate in the study
* Have no contraindications precluding their participation.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Have a fistula that is determined to be "not simple" (i.e. intermediate or complex)
* Have a fistula that is radiation-induced, associated with cancer or due to lymphogranuloma venereum (These cases will be excluded because the healing process is very different from fistula resulting from other causes. We expect there to be few cases of these fistulas at the study sites)
* Have a fistula that is not closed immediately after surgery or 7 days after surgery (i.e. at the time of randomization)
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients must have localized or locally advanced prostate cancer
* Patients must receive robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
* Patients must be able to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients must not have a history of treatment with alpha blockers within 4 weeks
* Patients must not have previously undergone transurethral resection, laser therapy, or other surgery of the prostate
* Patients must not have previously been diagnosed with neurogenic bladder
* Patients must not have hypersensitivity to trial drug or other alpha-blockers
* Patients must not have the participation of other clinical trial within the past 3 months
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 19-75
* Pelvic organ prolapse requiring robotic assisted, laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Intraoperative complications necessitating a post-operative Foley

  * Cystotomy
  * EBL \>500mL
  * Bowl injury
* Pre-operative urinary retention requiring an indwelling catheter

Answer: B