Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Prospective Randomised Multicentre Comparison on Health Related Quality of Life: the Value of Add-on Arrhythmia Surgery in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Valvular and/or Coronary Bypass Surgery
Brief Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is connected with an increased morbidity and mortality. In addition, quality of life is diminished due to palpitations, dyspnea, dizziness and syncope. AF is frequently associated with valvular and coronary disease. In the AF patients undergoing valvular or coronary surgery the arrhythmia almost always relapses. For symptom control anti-arrhythmic drugs and cardioversion are used but breakthrough arrhythmias and side effects of the drugs happen frequently. For more effective symptom control "add-on" arrhythmia surgery is being advocated. However, at present the investigators do not know whether add-on arrhythmia surgery indeed affects morbidity and quality of life.

The hypothesis being studied is that add-on arrhythmia surgery in patients with AF undergoing valvular or coronary surgery improves quality of life, establishes chronic sinus rhythm and reduces perioperative and long-term morbidity associated with AF.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients undergo valvular surgery and/ or coronary surgery,
* All patients have documented chronic atrial fibrillation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.
* Patients have given written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who do not speak Dutch or can not read Dutch.
* Patients with a Sick Sinus Syndrome.
* Patients with contraindications for oral anticoagulant agents.
* Incompetent to act for oneself
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with atrial fibrillation secondary to definite rheumatic valve disease
2. At least six months and no longer than 5 years of chronic atrial fibrillation
3. Age \>=18 years and \<=70 Patients who can give informed consent themselves in writing
4. No contraindication for amiodarone
5. Negative pregnancy test (in women with childbearing potential)

Exclusion Criteria:

Any one of the following exclusion criteria is sufficient to disqualify a patient from the study

1. Left atrial diameter(LAD)\>=70mm
2. Left ventricular eject fraction(LVEF)\<=30%
3. Atrial thrombus
4. Contraindication for anticoagulation therapy
5. Less than 6 months since last episode of cerebral infarction
6. Emergency operation
7. Patients with a malignant tumor
8. Pregnant or nursing patients, those who may be pregnant, or those who plan on becoming pregnant before the end of the study period.
9. Any other reason that the Clinical Supervisors or Clinical Researchers may have for considering a case unsuitable for the study.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients requiring MV surgery with at least 6 month history of atrial fibrillation

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with sick sinus syndrome
* Hyperthyroidism
* Permanent pacemaker
* Previous cardiac surgery
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Documented history (paroxysmal, persistent or permanent) of AF \[one episode within the last 12 months of enrollment\]
2. Elective Maze procedure
3. Suitable anatomy
4. Able and willing to sign informed consent
5. Age over 18 years

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patient from Intensive Care Unit with either:

   1. intra-venous catecholamines
   2. ventilator
   3. cardiac index \<1.8 l/min.
2. Reoperative Cardiac Surgery
3. Systemic or Inflammatory disease
4. Dialysis
5. Recent myocardial infarction (\< 21 days)
6. History of pericarditis
7. Patient taking part in any other device or drug study
8. Patient with known sensitivity or allergy to any of the device components
9. Pregnancy

Answer: A