Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Behavioral Treatment of High Blood Pressure
Brief Summary: This study is an NIH-funded clinical trial conducted at Duke Medical Center evaluating the effects of the DASH diet alone and combined with a behavioral weight loss program on blood pressure and various vascular measures. Eligible patients must be unmedicated with blood pressure values ranging from approximately 130/85 to 159/99. Our primary hypothesis are as follows: (1) The DASH diet alone and combined with a behavioral weight management program will result in greater BP reductions than Usual Care controls at the end of the 4 month treatment period; (2) The DASH diet in combination with a behavioral weight management program will be more effective in lowering BP than the DASH diet alone; (3) The DASH diet alone and the DASH diet combined with the behavioral weight management program will result in greater improvements in cardiac, metabolic, and vascular function compared to the control condition; and (4) The combined DASH diet and weight management intervention also will be the most effective treatment in maintaining BP reductions at 1-year follow-up.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* those permanently assigned to one of the 45 IFD stations
* with a fire department-provided medical exam in the last two years
* at least 18 years of age
* full duty status at the time of consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* those without a recorded fire department exam in the last two years
* less than 18 years of age
* restrictions on duty at the time of consent.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* impaired glucose tolerance (oral glucose tolerance test with 2-h glucose concentration 7,8-11,0 mmol/l) OR
* impaired fasting glucose fasting plasma glucose concentration 5,6-6,9 mmol/l = IFG)
* and two of the criteria for metabolic syndrome:
* BMI 26-39 kg/m2
* Waist circumference \> 102 cm (men) or \> 88 cm (women)
* hypertriglyceridemia (fasting serum triglyceride conc \> 1,7 mmol/l),
* HDL-cholesterol (fasting serum HDL conc \< 1,0 mmol/l for men and \< 1,3 mmol/l for women)
* Blood pressure ≥ 130/≥ 85 mmHg

Exclusion Criteria:

* BMI \> 40 kg/m2
* fasting serum triglyceride conc \> 3.5 mmol/l
* fasting serum cholesterol \> 8 mmol/l
* type 1 or 2 diabetes
* abnormal liver, kidney or thyroid function
* large alcohol intake (women \>16, men \> 24 doses (4cl liquor or equivalent) during week)
* inflammatory bowel disease
* disease that prevents participation
* neuroleptic neuroleptic cortisone medication
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Baseline SBP 130-159 mmHg (+/- 2mmHg) or DBP 85-99 mmHg (+/- 2 mm Hg)
2. Age 35 years or older
3. BMI 25.0-39.99 kg/m², with a maximum weight of 300 lbs
4. Willing and able to participate fully in all aspects of the intervention
5. Must currently be sedentary (less than 3x/wk for 30 mins each time)
6. Informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Use of weight-loss medication and/or participation in a structured weight- loss program in the 3 months prior to 1st screening visit.
2. Regular use of an anti-hypertensive drug or other drugs that raise or lower BP and if discontinued use, must be off for 1 month before screening
3. Current use of insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents
4. Current use of medications for treatment of psychosis or manic-depressive illness.
5. ADHD medications (Ritalin/Aderol/amphetamines
6. Cardiovascular Event
7. Coronary Artery Disease
8. Congestive Heart Failure
9. Current symptoms of Angina for peripheral vascular disease
10. Cancer diagnosis (except for non-melanoma skin cancer) or treatment in past 2 years
11. Fasting blood sugar \>126 mg/dl
12. Gastric Bypass/Bariatric Surgery
13. Pyschiatric hospitalization in the past 2 years.
14. Unable or willing to consume all of the dietary foods provided during the 2-week feeding.
15. Consumption of more than 21 alcoholic drinks per week or binge drinking
16. Alcoholism as determined by the Alcohol AUDIT (screening questionnaires)
17. Planning to leave the area prior to the anticipated end of participation
18. Body weight change of \>15lbs in the 3 months prior to the 1st screening visit
19. Pregnant, breast feeding, or planning pregnancy prior to end of participation
20. Current participation in another clinical trial until after completion of T2
21. Investigator discretion for safety or adherence reasons
22. Controlled substance abuse
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 30-65 years old
* BMI 27-38 kg/m2
* + two other IDF criteria for metabolic syndrome
* Anti-hypertensives and lipid-lowering medication are allowed

Exclusion Criteria:

* Fasting plasma glucose \> 7.0 mmol/l
* Fasting plasma triglycerides \> 3.0 mmol/l
* Fasting plasma total cholesterol \> 6.5 mmol/l
* Blood pressure \> 160/100 mmHg
* Preceding weight change of 5% or more or active weight loss during preceding 6 months
* Any disease or condition that may hamper the successful participation of the intervention: liver disease, kidney disease, diabetes (both type 1 and type 2), thyroid disease (Newly found unstabilized disease), Myocardial infarction within previous 6 months
* Alcohol abuse (\> 40 g/day)
* Oral corticosteroid therapy
* Severe psychiatric disorders
* Cancer under treatment
* Coeliac disease
* Exceptional diets (Atkin's, vegan, allergies to fish or cereals, other extensive allergies)
* Binge eating
* Unwillingness to discontinue the use of fish and vegetable oil or stanol and sterol ester supplements or products

Answer: C