Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized, Double-blind Study of the Effect of Tocilizumab on Reduction in Signs and Symptoms in Patients With Moderate to Severe Active Rheumatoid Arthritis and Inadequate Response to DMARD Therapy
Brief Summary: This 2 arm study will compare the safety and efficacy, with regard to reduction of signs and symptoms, of tocilizumab versus placebo in combination with traditional Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drug (DMARD) therapy in patients with moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have had an inadequate response to current DMARD therapy. Patients will be randomized to receive tocilizumab 8mg/kg iv or placebo iv every 4 weeks, in conjunction with stable DMARD therapy. The anticipated time on study treatment is 3-12 months, and the target sample size is 500+ individuals.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* patients at least 18 years of age with moderate to severe active RA for at least 6 months;
* inadequate response to current anti-rheumatic therapies, including 1 or more traditional DMARDs;
* stable DMARD therapy for at least 8 weeks before entering study;
* patients of reproductive potential must be using reliable methods of contraception.

Exclusion Criteria:

* major surgery (including joint surgery) within 8 weeks before entering study, or planned surgery within 6 months after entering study;
* patients who have previously failed treatment with an anti-tumor necrosis factor agent;
* women who are pregnant or breast-feeding.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis
* RA with a disease duration \> 6 months
* Current and prior but continuous etanercept (50 mg weekly) treatment for at least 5 months prior to screening
* Subjects must be receiving methotrexate (MTX) at a stable dose \> 15 mg/week at least 4 weeks prior to screening
* Sub-optimal response to etanercept defined by the presence of the following criteria (based on 28 joint count) at screening: 5 or more swollen joints and 5 or more tender joints
* Subjects who are currently receiving oral corticosteroids must be on a dose equivalent to prednisone less than or equal to 10 mg/day at screening
* Subjects who are currently receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), must be on a stable dose for at least 2 weeks prior to screening
* Subjects who are currently receiving DMARD therapy (including sulfasalazine, hydroxy-chloroquine and leflunomide), must be on a stable dose for at least 4 weeks prior to screening

Exclusion Criteria:

* Nursing mothers, female subjects planning on becoming pregnant, or male subjects planning a pregnancy with their spouse/partner while in the study
* ACR functional class IV
* Receipt of any investigational drug or biologic within 4 weeks of study drug initiation
* Concurrent or history of psychiatric disease that would interfere with ability to comply with study protocol or give informed consent
* History of alcohol or drug abuse within 12 months of screening visit
* Severe comorbidities including: History of cancer (other than resected cutaneous basal and squamous cell carcinoma, and in situ cervical cancer) within 5 years of screening visit. Documentation of disease-free state since treatment required; Diagnosis of Class III or IV congestive heart failure (CHF) or myocardial infarction (MI) within 12 months of screening; Unstable or stable angina pectoris; Uncontrolled hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure measurement of greater than 180 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure of greater than 110 mm Hg); Oxygen-dependent pulmonary disease; Known HIV-positive status or other immunodeficiency syndromes; Chronic hepatitis B (HbsAg) or C (HCV); Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); CNS demyelinating events suggestive of multiple sclerosis; Presence of active infection or any underlying diseases that could predispose subjects to infection (e.g., history of recurrent infections, non-healing leg ulcers, advanced or poorly controlled diabetes); Active or prior history of tuberculosis (or known exposure).
* Concurrent treatment with cyclophosphamide
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Males and females between the ages of 18 and 75 who are diagnosed with mild to moderate Crohn's disease (defined by a CDAI \[Crohn's Disease Activity Index\] score of 220 and 450)
* Normal lab parameters
* Are willing to give informed consent
* Have previously used and either were intolerant to or lost response to infliximab

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of certain types of cancer
* Diagnosis of ulcerative colitis
* Pregnant female or breast feeding subjects
* Known obstructive strictures
* Surgical bowel resection in the past 6 months
* History of listeria, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), central nervous system demyelinating disease or untreated TB (tuberculosis)
* History of poorly controlled medical conditions
* Specific doses and durations of Crohn's medications
* Subjects that have previously used infliximab and have never clinically responded unless primary non-response was due to a treatment limiting reaction to infliximab
D: Inclusion:

- Generally healthy of at least 18 years of age with active rheumatoid arthritis.

Exclusion:

- A history or presence of clinically important medical disease.

Answer: A