Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Improving Care in Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Study: CAROL Improving Processes of Care and Quality of Life of COPD Patients in Primary Care: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Brief Summary: Background The Swiss health ministry launched a national quality program "QualiCCare" in 2011 to improve healthcare for patients with COPD.

The aim of this study is to determine whether participation in the COPD quality initiative ("QualiCCare") improves adherence to recommended clinical processes and shows impact on patients COPD care and on quality of life in patients with COPD.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient at one of the participating primary care clinics (at least 1 visit in past 12 months)
* Age 40 and older
* Speaking English or Spanish
* Plan to continue to be seen at current clinic and to not leave the area for \>2 months anytime in the next 9 months or to be absent at 9 or 15 months
* COPD defined as ever having had a post-bronchodilator Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second/Forced Vital Capacity (FEV1/FVC) \<.70 of FEV1/FVC of .70 to .74 and diagnosis of COPD by the study pulmonologist
* Willingness to attempt spirometry
* At least moderate COPD, defined as at least one of the following:

  * Ever Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) \< 80% predicted
  * 1 or more emergency department (ED) visit for COPD exacerbation in past 12 months
  * 1 or more hospital stays for COPD exacerbation in past 12 months
  * 1 or more prescriptions for oral prednisone for a COPD exacerbation in past 12 months
  * Ever on home oxygen therapy
  * Ever outpatient percutaneous oxygen saturation of \</=88%
  * Ever outpatient partial pressure of oxygen (ppO2) by arterial blood gas (ABG) of \</=55mm Hg
  * At least 3 outpatient visits for COPD in past 12 months AND (a current COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score of \>/=10 OR an modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) score of \>/=2).
  * Currently using tiotropium inhaler or combination inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting beta agonist

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unable to participate in the study due to mental or physical impairment
* Severe or terminal illness that precludes focus on COPD
* No phone
B: Inclusion criteria:

* Males and females = 45yrs of age and
* Smoker or ex-smoker (with at least 10 PY) and
* Obstruction in spirometry FEV1/FVC\< 0.7

Exclusion criteria:

* No obstruction in spirometry (FEV1/FVC \> 0.7) or
* Patients with history of asthma or hay fever or
* Other concomitant pulmonary disease or
* Patients with malignancies of any other system and/or other severe disease with an estimated life expectancy of less than six months or
* Insufficient German language skills or
* Patients who contact the practice for emergencies only or as a substitute practice
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients who are clinically referred to rehabilitation at Aalborg Rehabilitation Center for their diagnosed COPD

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients living outside Aalborg municipality, or who is considering to move to another municipality or country in near future.
* Patients without a telephone
* Patients with dementia
* Patients participating in other research studies
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Moderate to severe COPD according to the recent GOLD guidelines
* Reduced exercise capacity during an incremental exercise test of less than 70% of predicted normal values

Exclusion Criteria:

* Lack of motivation to participate in the treatment program
* Other pathologic conditions unabling participation in the training program (e.g. coronary, orthopaedic, neurological or severe endocrine disorders)
* participation in other pulmonary rehabilitation projects

Answer: B