Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Treatment of Childhood Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Concomitant Chemoradiotherapy: A Groupwide Phase III Study
Brief Summary: This phase III trial is studying how well radiation therapy, amifostine, and chemotherapy work in treating young patients with newly diagnosed nasopharyngeal cancer. Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill tumor cells. Drugs, such as amifostine, may protect normal cells from the side effects of radiation therapy. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as cisplatin and fluorouracil, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Giving radiation therapy together with amifostine and chemotherapy may kill more tumor cells.


Options:
A: DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

* Diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

  * No known mature B-cell ALL, defined by the presence of any of the following:

    * Surface immunoglobulin
    * L3 morphology
    * t(8;14)(q24;q32)
    * t(8;22)
    * t(2;8)
  * T-cell surface markers and t(8;14)(q24;q11) allowed
* No secondary ALL

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

* No known HIV positivity
* Not pregnant or nursing
* Fertile patients must use effective contraception

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

* No prior therapy except steroids of ≤ 1 week in duration and/or emergent radiation therapy to the mediastinum

  * Patients treated with steroids within the past 7 days will not receive steroid prophase during study treatment
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Histological diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma WHO type II or III

  * Stage I-IV disease
  * Newly diagnosed disease
* Performance status

  * Patients ≤ 16 years of age: Lansky 60-100%
  * Patients \> 16 years of age: Karnofsky 60-100%
* Creatinine clearance or radioisotope glomerular filtration rate ≥ 70 mL/min
* Creatinine based on age/gender as follows:

  * No greater than 0.4 mg/dL (for patients 1 month to \< 6 months of age)
  * No greater than 0.5 mg/dL (for patients 6 months to \< 1 year of age)
  * No greater than 0.6 mg/dL (for patients 1-2 years of age)
  * No greater than 0.8 mg/dL (for patients \< 6 years of age)
  * No greater than 1.0mg/dL (for patients 6 to \< 10 years of age)
  * No greater than 1.2 mg/dL (for patients 10 to \< 13 years of age)
  * No greater than 1.4 mg/dL (for female patients 13 to ≥ 16 years of age)
  * No greater than 1.5 mg/dL (for male patients 13 to \< 16 years of age)
  * No greater than 1.7 mg/dL (for male patients ≥ 16 years of age)
* Bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times upper limit of normal (ULN) for age
* AST or ALT \< 2.5 times ULN for age
* Not pregnant or nursing
* Negative pregnancy test
* Fertile patients must use effective contraception
* No prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy to the nasopharynx or neck for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
C: Inclusion Criteria:

- Children treated according to the NOPHO ALL2008 protocol from the 1st of July 2008 - 28th of February 2016.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Bilineage ALL
* Pre-treatment with glucocorticosteroids or other antileukemic agents for more than 1 week
* ALL predisposition syndromes
* Previous cancer
* Off protocol administration of additional chemotherapy during induction therapy
* Sexually active females not using contraception
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Previously untreated T-lineage or precursor B-lineage ALL
* Patients must have morphological proof of ALL and diagnosis must be made from bone marrow morphology with more than 25% blasts
* Written informed consent
* Treatment according to DCOG ALL 10 protocol

Exclusion Criteria:

* Mature B-lineage ALL
* Patients with secondary ALL
* Known allergy to any ASNase preparation
* General health status according to Karnofsky / Lansky score \< 40%
* Pre-existing known coagulopathy (e.g. haemophilia)
* Pre-existing pancreatitis
* Liver insufficiency (Bilirubin \> 50 µmol/L; SGOT/SGPT \> 10 x ULN)
* Other current malignancies
* Pregnancy (planned or existent), breast feeding

Answer: B