Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Comparison Between Dexamethasone and Ibuprofen on Postoperative Pain Prevention and Control Following Surgical Implant Placement: a Double-Blind, Parallel-Group, Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial
Brief Summary: Background and aim: Postoperative pain is an adverse effect of oral surgeries and may therefore be prevented or minimized. This study compares the efficacy of preemptive ibuprofen and dexamethasone protocols in pain prevention and control after surgical implant placement.

Methods: For this prospective, double-masked, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial, 117 dental implants were placed. The groups received three different protocols 1 hour before surgery:

1. 600 mg ibuprofen (and another 600 mg dose 6 hours after the first dose);
2. 4 mg dexamethasone (and another 4 mg 6 hours after the first dose) or
3. placebo.

Rescue medication (1000 mg acetaminophen) was given to each patient who was instructed to take it if necessary. Pain intensity was evaluated by a 101-point numeric rate scale and visual analogue scale, additionally discomfort was evaluated using a four-point verbal rate scale, hourly for the first 8 hours after surgery and three times a day on the following 3 days.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Treatment with Ibuprofen; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Ibuprofen | Arm Label: Treatment with Acetaminophen; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Acetaminophen | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Ibuprofen; Assigned to Arm(s): Treatment with Ibuprofen | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Acetaminophen; Assigned to Arm(s): Treatment with Acetaminophen
B: Arm Label: Ibuprofen/acetaminophen (lower dose); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Ibuprofen/acetaminophen | Arm Label: Ibuprofen/acetaminophen (middle dose); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Ibuprofen/acetaminophen | Arm Label: Ibuprofen/acetaminophen (high dose); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Ibuprofen/acetaminophen | Arm Label: Ibuprofen; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Ibuprofen | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Ibuprofen/acetaminophen; Assigned to Arm(s): Ibuprofen/acetaminophen (lower dose) | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Ibuprofen/acetaminophen; Assigned to Arm(s): Ibuprofen/acetaminophen (middle dose) | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Ibuprofen/acetaminophen; Assigned to Arm(s): Ibuprofen/acetaminophen (high dose) | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Ibuprofen; Assigned to Arm(s): Ibuprofen | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo
C: Arm Label: ibuprofen; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Ibuprofen | Arm Label: oral morphine; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: oral morphine | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: oral morphine; Assigned to Arm(s): oral morphine | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Ibuprofen; Assigned to Arm(s): ibuprofen
D: Arm Label: Group 1- Received Ibuprofen (N=44); Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Ibuprofen 600 mg, Drug: Acetaminophen 1000 mg | Arm Label: Group 2- Received Dexamethasone (N=44); Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Dexamethasone 4 mg, Drug: Acetaminophen 1000 mg | Arm Label: Group 3 - Received Placebo (N=44); Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo, Drug: Acetaminophen 1000 mg | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Ibuprofen 600 mg; Assigned to Arm(s): Group 1- Received Ibuprofen (N=44) | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Dexamethasone 4 mg; Assigned to Arm(s): Group 2- Received Dexamethasone (N=44) | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Group 3 - Received Placebo (N=44) | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Acetaminophen 1000 mg; Assigned to Arm(s): Group 1- Received Ibuprofen (N=44), Group 2- Received Dexamethasone (N=44), Group 3 - Received Placebo (N=44)

Answer: D