Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Peri-incisional Pregabalin for Postoperative Pain Attenuation and Analgesics Spare in Elective Neurosurgical Patients: A Randomized, Comparative, Placebo-controlled, Double Blind Study
Brief Summary: Background:

Proper pain relief is a major concern of patients worldwide. Preoperatively, one of the most common questions asked by patients pertains to the amount of pain they will experience after surgery how long it will last and how good will it be controlled. Pain concerns the surgical team as well, because of its correlation with clinical outcomes and patients' satisfaction rate. Studies have shown that negative clinical outcome with regard to pain control includes decreases in vital capacity and alveolar ventilation, pneumonia, tachycardia, hypertension, myocardial ischemia, transition into chronic pain, poor wound healing, and psychological sequelae .

Pain has been found to be one of the three most common medical causes of delayed/aborted discharge after ambulatory surgery, the other two being drowsiness and postoperative nausea/vomiting. Despite progress that has been made with regard to postoperative pain control, and the development of new standards for pain control, many patients continue to experience intense pain after surgery .

Recent advances in the understanding of the particularities of central sensitization indicate that it plays an important role in post surgical and post traumatic pain and therefore should be avoided


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of supratentorial neoplasms

Exclusion Criteria:

* Neurological disorders hindering the communication, aphasia, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) less than 15, drug or alcohol addiction, chronic pain, raised intracranial pressure, allergies to any of the drugs used in this study, hepatic or renal dysfunction, peptic ulcer disease, dementia.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients having elective craniotomy for clipping of unruptured intracranial aneurysm
2. Patients having craniotomy and microvascular decompression for cranial nerve neuralgia
3. Age 18-80
4. ASA I -III

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with a known history of hypersensitivity to Sumatriptan or sulphonamides
2. Patients with a known history of Migraine
3. Patients who is on regular treatment with Sumatriptan
4. Patients with history of Ischemic heart disease - Angina, Myocardial infarction.
5. Patients who had rupture of their intracranial aneurysm.
6. Patients with history of severe liver disease.
7. Patients with history of stroke or uncontrolled hypertension
8. Inability to give informed consent
9. Pregnant patient
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Supratentorial craniotomy, glasgow coma scale 15

Exclusion Criteria:

* Chronic pain,
* Chronic opioid use.
* History of significant alcohol or benzodiazepine (BZD) use,
* Inability to speak English,
* Pre-operative aphasia or dysphasia,
* Renal impairment (Creatinine level \> 0.1),
* Asthma (or evidence of reversible airway obstruction,
* Known ischaemic heart disease or cerebrovascular disease,
* American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade IV or V,
* Allergy to any study drug (paracetamol, parecoxib, sulphas, morphine, bupivacaine, propofol, remifentanil;
* Administration of oral paracetamol within previous 8 hours.
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) physical status I-III
* patients who will undergo intracranial surgery under general anesthesia only
* Patients undergoing awake-technique procedures will also be enrolled.

Exclusion Criteria:

* allergy to opioids, midazolam, PGL, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), dipyrone
* history of chronic pain or psychiatric disorders and the use of centrally acting antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs. Patients longtime users of sedatives, or antiepileptics
* soldiers and pregnant women
* Emergency cases, DBS procedures and patients unable to comprehend and sign the consent form

Answer: D