Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Care Transitions Innovation (C-TraIn): Study of a Multi-component Transitional Care Intervention for Uninsured and Low-income Publicly Insured Adults
Brief Summary: The purpose of this protocol is to evaluate the Care Transitons Innovation, a quality improvement project being implemented at OHSU to improve the transition from hospital to home for uninsured and Medicaid patients admitted to general medicine and cardiology wards at OHSU. The evaluation includes a baseline in-person survey and a 30 day post-discharge phone follow-up survey. Prior to C-TraIn, the local healthcare delivery model lacked an effective way to assure timely, safe, and effective follow-up care for uninsured and underinsured hospitalized patients. Most uninsured patients have no source for primary care, and many have limited social support, complex medical problems, and are prescribed many medications. Patients are frequently discharged without any coordinated plan for follow up. Based on a needs assessment performed in 2009 (OHSU eIRB 5514) investigators developed a quality improvement program that will include three major components: 1) a care transitions RN advocate who will see patients in the hospital and after discharge, 2) a pharmacy consultation and 30 days of medications post-discharge, 3) linkages with primary care medical homes, including payment for primary care for uninsured patients who lack a usual source of care, and 4) monthly meetings that serve as a platform for continuous quality improvement. In order to measure the success of our program, investigators will track patient utilization, sociodemographic factors, and patient factors including satisfaction, activation, and self-reported health status. To be included patients must be uninsured, have Oregon Medicaid, or be low income (200% or less of federal poverty level) Medicare recipients, and live within Multnomah, Washington and Clackamas Counties in Oregon.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

The Project Director will meet with the subject to determine if the patient meets inclusion or exclusion criteria.

Inclusion criteria include are patients who:

1. are over 18 years old;
2. are to be discharged to a community, non-institutionalized setting;
3. report that they desire to be hospitalized in the future if there is a clinical need; and
4. are admitted to Firm B of the BMC Inpatient Service.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. admitted to non-general Medical services at BMC (e.g., orthopedic surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, otolaryngology, general surgery, or psychiatry);
2. requiring hospice, nursing home or other institutional settings upon discharge,
3. who die during the admission,
4. subjects who speak languages other than English;
5. those who indicate that they have no access to a telephone or unable to give a contact telephone number; and
6. those not competent to sign informed consent.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18 years or older
* Index hospitalization for congestive heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
* Access to telephone

Exclusion Criteria:

* Cognitive impairment
* Resident of a nursing home
* Does not speak English
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* hospitalized on one of seven inpatient treatment teams
* uninsured or low-income publicly insured (Medicaid; Medicare/Medicaid; or Medicare without supplemental insurance and ≤200% poverty level)
* reside in one of three metro-area counties (Multnomah, Washington, Clackamas)

Exclusion Criteria:

* not community dwelling (ie not from a long-term care facility or with plans to discharge to skilled nursing facility)
* no access to a working telephone (participants could list a friend or shelter phone)
* non-English speakding
* HIV positive (HIV+ patients were eligible for overlapping transitional care resources)
* disabling mental illness (as characterized by active psychosis or active suicidal ideation) or severe cognitive deficits
* plans to enter hospice.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* age \>35 years
* acute exacerbation of COPD stage II-IV
* residence in the geographical area linked to the study hospital
* ability to communicate
* give written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* diagnosis of cognitive impairment
* unstable or terminal disease other than COPD
* withdrawal of written informed consent before discharge
* inability of phone contact
* death during hospitalisation

Answer: C