Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Healthy Opportunities for Physical Activity and Nutrition (HOP'N) After-School Project
Brief Summary: This study presents evaluates the effectiveness of the Healthy Opportunities for Physical Activity(HOP'N) After-School Program on preventing obesity in children. The investigators hypothesized that normal and overweight/obese children attending after-school sites randomized to the control condition will increase in weight status to a greater extent compared to children at sites randomized to receive the HOP'N program. The investigators also hypothesized that after-school intervention HOP'N sites will increase in physical activity and healthful eating opportunities compared to control sites.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* To be eligible to the trial the child will need to belong to the Pelotas 2015 Birth Cohort, to be born healthy (newborns that needed intensive care after birth and with any congenital malformations will be excluded) from a single pregnancy at gestational age 37 weeks or greater, and to sleep regularly on average less than 13 hours per 24 hours (daytime and nighttime sleep) at three months of age (as reported by the mother). The information on child sleep duration per 24 hours will be gathered during the interview with mothers from the entire cohort, by means of the answer to the questions: "How many hours does the child sleep from 7pm to 7am?" and "How many hours does the child sleep from 7am to 7pm?"as well as number and duration of daytime naps, number of wake episodes during the night and how long it takes to the child to fall sleep after a nocturnal awakening.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Because the potential effect of the programmed maternal physical activity during pregnancy over the sleep duration or over the poor-sleeper-newborn answer to the sleep trial is not known, newborns to mothers that participated at the PAMELA trial will not be eligible to the sleep trial. The PAMELA (Physical Activity for Mothers Enrolled in Longitudinal Analysis) is a randomized controlled trial nested in the Pelotas 2015 birth cohort planned to assess the effect of regular exercise during pregnancy on the prevention of hypertension, pre-eclampsia and preterm birth. Eligible pregnant women between the 16th and 20th week of gestation are allocated into control group (426 women who are advised to keep their usual daily activities) or intervention group (213 women who engage in an exercise program, three sessions a week).

Also, because the sleep intervention will recommend a series of environmental improvements to ensure a restful sleep (no screen media, low noise and light), the intervention will be restricted to families living in households with at least one bedroom. Children in continued use of medicines that can alter the sleep architecture and/or lead to drowsiness, like anticonvulsivants, will be excluded.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* after-school program participant in fourth grade group
* informed parental consent
* assent to participate in Body Mass Index assessment

Exclusion Criteria:

* third or fourth grade student
* participant in study in previous year
C: Inclusion Criteria:

MATERNAL - Self-described as Mexican American, pre-pregnant BMI of 25 or greater, speaks English or Spanish, is between the ages of 18 and 40, lives in a home where she can receive home visitors, has no diagnosed chronic diseases that can affect the growth of a fetus (cardiac, respiratory, etc.), have a telephone contact, and is not intending to move from the area. Gestational diabetes will be noted but is not an exclusion criterion; however, Type 1 diabetics will be excluded. Exposure to tobacco smoke (either maternal or household smoking) will be noted as it is associated with infant obesity, but will not be an inclusion or exclusion criteria.

INFANT - We will enroll the full-term singleton infants of enrolled mothers. The infants will be enrolled if they are \> 38 weeks gestation, have a birth weight \> 2500 gm, and are without endocrine/chromosomal/genetic abnormality that could interfere with growth.

Exclusion Criteria:

MATERNAL - Not enrolled in WIC clinic or does not plan to continue with WIC clinic after delivery, high-risk pregnancy, hospitalized after discharge of infant, separated from infant, or experiencing significant postpartum complications. If these criteria develop in an enrolled mother, she will remain in the study per CONSORT guidelines, but her infant will not be followed for study outcomes. We have sufficient power with our sample size to allow for these events.

INFANT - Not discharged home with the mother or who are otherwise separated from their mothers or who has a severe illness that can affect growth. CONSORT guidelines will apply in these cases as well as in maternal cases.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant women who are at risk to get gestational diabetes.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Foreigner with language problems
* Major psychosocial problems
* Diabetes mellitus type I or II
* Physical disability,
* Major medical problems in pregnancy

Answer: B