Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effect of Zinc and Vitamin A Supplementation on Diarrhea, Physical Growth and Immune Response in Malnourished Children
Brief Summary: Zinc deficiency is common in developing country children, as food intakes are often low, foods from animal sources are infrequently used, the bioavailability of zinc from staple cereal-based diets is limited and zinc losses occur during recurring diarrheal illnesses. Zinc deficiency is associated with impairment in immunological and other defenses against infection and increased rates of serious infections. Due to limitations in currently used biochemical markers, supplementation trials in populations likely to be deficient provide a reliable means of assessing health consequences of zinc deficiency.

A significantly lower incidence and prevalence of diarrhea has been observed in zinc supplemented developing country children in several placebo-controlled trials. The effect of routine zinc supplementation on lower respiratory tract infection is still unclear. We, therefore, evaluated the impact of daily zinc supplementation in a representative sample of children aged 6 to 30 months enrolled from a New Delhi slum area, with a sample size sufficient to determine the impact on the incidence of severe diarrhea and acute lower respiratory infection.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Vitamin B12; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Vitamin B12 | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Placebo | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Vitamin B12; Assigned to Arm(s): Vitamin B12 | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo
B: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Zinc and vitamin A single dose at enrollment | Arm Label: 2; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo and vitamin A single dose at enrollment | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Zinc and vitamin A single dose at enrollment; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo and vitamin A single dose at enrollment; Assigned to Arm(s): 2
C: Arm Label: Daily preventive Zn; placebo treatment; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Daily preventive Zn; placebo treatment | Arm Label: Therapeutic Zn; daily placebo; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Therapeutic Zn; daily placebo | Arm Label: Intermittent Zn; placebo treatment; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Intermittent Zn; placebo treatment | Arm Label: Surveillance control group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Surveillance control group | Arm Label: Non-intervention; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Daily preventive Zn; placebo treatment; Assigned to Arm(s): Daily preventive Zn; placebo treatment | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Therapeutic Zn; daily placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Therapeutic Zn; daily placebo | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Intermittent Zn; placebo treatment; Assigned to Arm(s): Intermittent Zn; placebo treatment | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Surveillance control group; Assigned to Arm(s): Surveillance control group
D: Arm Label: 1; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Zinc | Arm Label: 2; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Vitamins and minerals other than zinc | Arm Label: 3; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Vitamins plus zinc and other minerals | Arm Label: 4; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Placebo | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Zinc; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Vitamins and minerals other than zinc; Assigned to Arm(s): 2 | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Vitamins plus zinc and other minerals; Assigned to Arm(s): 3 | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): 4

Answer: B