Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Biomechanical Therapy for Osteoarthritis of the Knee: a Randomized Controlled Trial(BIOTOK)
Brief Summary: Painful knee osteoarthritis is common and treatments, short of knee replacement, are limited. The investigators plan to test the efficacy of a novel promising device for treatment of knee osteoarthritis affecting the inner part of the knee, the most common location. There are no disease modifying treatments available and therefore there is an emphasis on conservative management techniques to benefit individuals. Many of these treatments (insoles, braces, physiotherapy etc) have been shown to have relative success in individuals but a new novel device is demonstrating better effectiveness in this patient group. APOS (All Phases of Step) therapy consists of a shoe oriented system of care that works by shifting the load across parts of the knee and retraining the lower extremity muscles. Preliminary data suggest impressive favourable reductions in knee pain and a commensurate decrease in knee loading during walking. However, APOS treatment has never been evaluated in a randomised controlled trial even though it is widely used. The investigators propose to conduct a randomised blinded controlled trial of APOS treatment among persons with painful knee osteoarthritis affecting the inside (medial or lateral) of their knees. The investigators will focus on pain outcomes and quality of life. APOS has committed to provide the shoe system and a matched sham device, that they have developed, and will also provide the technicians trained to calibrate the pertupods (balls under the sole of the foot) on the shoe without charge. The research will be undertaken in a University setting for the gait evaluations.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Hip school; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Hip School | Arm Label: Hip School and Manual Treatment; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Hip School and Manual Treatment | Arm Label: Minimal control intervention; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Minimal control intervention | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Hip School; Assigned to Arm(s): Hip school | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Hip School and Manual Treatment; Assigned to Arm(s): Hip School and Manual Treatment | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Minimal control intervention; Assigned to Arm(s): Minimal control intervention
B: Arm Label: Intervention to placebo; Type: OTHER; Interventions: Device: Patellofemoral realigning knee brace, Device: Non-aligning knee brace | Arm Label: Placebo to intervetion; Type: OTHER; Interventions: Device: Patellofemoral realigning knee brace, Device: Non-aligning knee brace | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Patellofemoral realigning knee brace; Assigned to Arm(s): Intervention to placebo, Placebo to intervetion | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Non-aligning knee brace; Assigned to Arm(s): Intervention to placebo, Placebo to intervetion
C: Arm Label: APOS; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: APOS shoe | Arm Label: Sham APOS; Type: SHAM_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: Sham-APOS shoe | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: APOS shoe; Assigned to Arm(s): APOS | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Sham-APOS shoe; Assigned to Arm(s): Sham APOS
D: Arm Label: Physical Therapy; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Physical Therapy for knee OA | Arm Label: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Pain; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Pain CBT-P | Arm Label: Enhanced Treatment as Usual; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Enhanced Treatment as Usual | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Physical Therapy for knee OA; Assigned to Arm(s): Physical Therapy | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Pain CBT-P; Assigned to Arm(s): Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Pain | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Enhanced Treatment as Usual; Assigned to Arm(s): Enhanced Treatment as Usual

Answer: C