Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Cranberry Capsules for UTI Prevention in Nursing Home Residents
Brief Summary: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common infection in nursing home residents, and bacteriuria is the greatest trigger for antimicrobial therapy in the nursing home setting. The primary aim of this study is to test the efficacy of two oral cranberry capsules per day in the reduction of bacteriuria plus pyuria in female nursing home residents. These aims will be accomplished by conducting a double blind randomized placebo controlled efficacy trial of two oral cranberry capsules daily versus placebo in a cohort of Connecticut female nursing home residents.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Recent confirmed urinary tract infection, diagnosed in Oulu University Hospital or Oulu Health Care Center
* Age 1-16 years

Exclusion Criteria:

* Continuous antimicrobial prophylaxis
* Age \< 12 months or \> 16 years
* Severe congenital kidney or other urinary tract anomaly in ultrasound
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. female residents;
2. long term residents
3. English speaking; and
4. age ≥ 65 years.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. residents that are not expected to be in the nursing home for at least one month (i.e., short term rehabilitation, pending discharge, terminal \[life expectancy \< 1 month\]);
2. residents who are on chronic suppressive antibiotic or anti-infective (i.e., mandelamine) therapy for recurrent UTI;
3. residents with end stage renal disease on dialysis (they do not regularly produce urine);
4. residents unable to produce a baseline clean catch urine specimen for collection;
5. residents on warfarin therapy because of a potential interaction of warfarin and cranberry juice;
6. residents with a history of nephrolithiasis because cranberry may increase the risk of nephrolithiasis;
7. have an indwelling bladder catheter in place;
8. have an allergy to cranberry products;
9. are being treated with cranberry products;
10. residence \<4 weeks.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Urinary Tract Infection 0-2 months priorly

Exclusion Criteria:

* Antibiotic Prophylaxis
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Presenting with symptoms of UTI
* Presentation of 3rd or 4th simple cystitis of lower tract in the past 12 months
* Active infection at enrollment, confirmed and documented in medical record
* Cognitive capacity to consent and ability to undergo the consent process in English

Exclusion Criteria:

* Known allergy or intolerance to supplement ingredients
* Pregnant or planning to become pregnant or lactating
* Unwilling to commit to birth control use
* Use of related nutritional supplements
* Unwilling to halt berry extracts, polyphenols, antioxidants, d-mannose, vitamins
* Taken WelTract in past six months
* Unwilling to avoid probiotics, yogurt, apple or cranberry juice, hibiscus tea
* Certain comorbid or physical conditions
* History of febrile UTI
* Bladder catheter or urethral stents
* Use of topical hormones in urogenital areas
* Diabetes (i.e. taking diabetic medications) or glycosuria
* Intestinal diseases with malabsorption (e.g. Crohn's and celiac diseases)
* Severe renal impairment or kidney stones
* Neural problems (spinal cord injury or Multiple Sclerosis)
* Immunocompromised individuals
* Rheumatoid arthritis
* Lupus
* HIV
* Taking steroids or immunobiologic medications
* Prophylactic antibiotic use (e.g. post-coital)
* Other physician judgement

Answer: B