Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: PediCRaFT: Pediatric Crohn's Disease Fecal Microbiota Transplant Pilot Study
Brief Summary: The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of a novel colonic and oral fecal microbiota transplantation protocol for the treatment of active pediatric Crohn's disease (CD). Specifically, we will test the hypothesis that a protocol of combination fecal microbiota colonoscopic infusion and oral microbiota capsules (OMC), using live fecal material from anonymous unrelated donors, can improve the disease activity of pediatric CD patients.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with recurrent or relapsing CDI defined as EITHER(13):

  * At least three episodes of mild-to-moderate CDI and failure of a 6-8 week taper with vancomycin with or without an alternative antibiotic (e.g. rifaximin, nitazoxanide).
  * At least two episodes of severe CDI resulting in hospitalization and associated with significant morbidity.
* Willingness to accept risk of unrelated donor stool
* Willingness to be randomized to NGT vs. colonoscopic delivery.
* Able to consent for self, or parental assent/child assent as age appropriate.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Anatomic contraindication to NGT
* Delayed gastric emptying syndrome
* Known chronic aspiration
* Contraindication to colonoscopy (ASA 4 or more)
* High risk of bacterial translocation (Immunosuppression, cirrhosis etc)
* Pregnant or breastfeeding women
* Acute unrelated infection or comorbid illness exaccerbation
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Adult outpatients (age ≥18 and \<75) referred to one of the study centers after suffering a third (or further) documented episode CDI and
2. who have failed to maintain CDI cure after standard therapy with oral vancomycin.

   * Previous treatment with at least one course of tapered/pulse dose vancomycin as per SHEA-IDSA C difficile treatment guidelines or -Inability to taper or stop vancomycin without developing diarrhea requiring anti-infective therapy. -

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who are aged 75 years or greater.
* Patients who are pregnant
* Patients who are nursing
* Patients who are incarcerated
* Patients with cognitive impairment or severe neuropsychiatric co morbidities who are incapable of giving their own informed consent
* Patients who are immunocompromised specifically:
* HIV infection (any CD4 count)
* AIDS-defining diagnosis or CD4\<200/mm3
* Inherited/primary immune disorders
* Immunodeficient or Immunosuppressed due to medical condition/medication:
* Current or recent (\<3 most) treatment with anti-neoplastic agent
* Current or recent (\<3 mos) treatment with any immunosuppressant medications (including but not limited to monoclonal antibodies to B and T cells, anti-TNF agents, glucocorticoids, antimetabolites (azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine), calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus, cyclosporine), mycophenolate mofetil). Subjects who are otherwise immunocompetent and have discontinued any immunosuppressant medications 3 or more months prior to enrollment may be eligible to enroll.
* Patients with a history of severe (anaphylactic) food allergy
* Patients who have previously undergone FMT
* Patients who are unwilling or unable to undergo colonoscopy
* Patients with untreated, in-situ colorectal cancer
* Patients with a history of inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn"s disease or microscopic colitis) or irritable bowel syndrome
* Unable to comply with protocol requirements
* Patients who are American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status classification IV and V
* Patients with acute illness or fever on the day of planned FMT will be excluded (not undergo randomization or treatment with FMT) with the option of including that subject at a future date.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. subjects voluntarily participate in the trial and sign informed consent;
2. sex is not limited,ranging from 18 to 75 years old;
3. meet the diagnostic criteria for ulcerative colitis in patients;
4. be able to communicate well with the researchers and follow the verification requirements.

Exclusion criteria:

1. Pregnancy or people who are not to give informed consent;
2. use of major immunosuppressive agents, including the use of large doses of glucocorticoids, calcineurin inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, depleted lymphocyte biological agents, anti-tumor necrosis factor and other conditions; chemotherapy of antineoplastic drugs;
3. decompensated cirrhosis, progressive AIDS and HIV infectionor other serious immunodeficiency disease;
4. use of antibiotics and probiotics within six weeks;
5. with severe complications such as local stenosis, intestinal obstruction, intestinal perforation, toxic colon expansion, colon cancer, rectal cancer patients;
6. combined with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, liver, kidney and hematopoietic system and other serious primary disease, mental illness.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Pediatric patients
* ≥3yo
* Crohn's disease, or IBD-Unclassified favoring Crohn's disease (as deemed by the patient's primary pediatric gastroenterologist)
* Active symptoms

Exclusion Criteria:

* Currently enrolled in another clinical trial
* Unable to give informed consent or assent
* Severe comorbid medical illness (at discretion of patient's primary pediatric gastroenterologist)
* Concomitant Clostridium difficile infection
* Severe Crohn's disease flare requiring hospitalization
* Commenced new, or temporary medical therapies (ie. corticosteroids, antibiotics, prebiotics) within 4 weeks prior to commencing the trial; NB: Weaning doses of corticosteroid will be permitted (≤ 0.25mg/kg/day)

Answer: D