Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Phase II/III Randomized Trial of Two Doses of MK-3475 (SCH900475) Versus Docetaxel in Previously Treated Subjects With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Brief Summary: This study compared two doses of pembrolizumab (MK-3475) versus docetaxel in participants with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had experienced disease progression after platinum-containing systemic therapy. Participants were assigned randomly to receive either pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg once every three weeks (Q3W), pembrolizumab 10 mg/kg Q3W or docetaxel 75 mg/m\^2 Q3W. The total number of participants randomized depended upon demonstration of sufficient objective responses at an interim analysis.

Eligible participants who were allocated to the first course of pembrolizumab (2 mg/kg Q3W or 10 mg/kg Q3W) and experienced disease progression, to be permitted to receive a second course of pembrolizumab as long as Inclusion/Exclusion criteria were met.

Protocol Amendment 12 (effective date: 09 Dec 2015) enabled eligible participants who were allocated to docetaxel and experienced disease progression, to be permitted to switch over to receive pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg Q3W as long as Inclusion/Exclusion criteria were met.

With Protocol Amendment 15 (effective date: 03 Jan 2018), all second course and switch over participants will receive pembrolizumab 200 mg Q3W. Response or progression during the second and switch over pembrolizumab courses will not count towards efficacy outcome measures, and adverse events during the second and switch over pembrolizumab courses will not count towards safety outcome measures.

Also with Amendment 15, once a participant has achieved the study objective or the study has ended, the participant will be discontinued from this study and enrolled in an extension study (Keynote 587; NCT03486873) to continue protocol-defined assessments and treatment. Switch over participants who have not transitioned to pembrolizumab will be considered for the extension study on a case-by-case basis.

The primary study hypotheses are that pembolizumab prolongs Overall Survival (OS) and Progression-free Survival (PFS) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) by independent radiologists' review in previously-treated participants with NSCLC in the strongly positive programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) stratum compared to docetaxel and in participants whose tumors express PD-L1 compared to docetaxel.


Options:
A: Inclusion criteria:

* Histologically- or cytologically-confirmed diagnosis of advanced or metastatic NSCLC
* PD-L1 positive tumor
* Measureable disease based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1
* Life expectancy of at least 3 months
* No prior systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of the participant's advanced or metastatic disease (treatment with chemotherapy and/or radiation as part of neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy is allowed as long as completed at least 6 months prior to diagnosis of advanced or metastatic disease)
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0 or 1
* Adequate organ function
* No prior malignancy, with the exception of basal cell carcinoma of the skin, superficial bladder cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, or in situ cancer, or has undergone potentially curative therapy with no evidence of that disease recurrence for 5 years since initiation of that therapy
* Submission of formalin-fixed diagnostic tumor tissue (in the case of participants having received adjuvant systemic therapy, the tissue should be taken after completion of this therapy)
* Female participants of childbearing potential must have a negative urine or serum pregnancy test and must be willing to use two adequate barrier methods of contraception or a barrier method plus a hormonal method starting with the screening visit through 120 days after the last dose of pembrolizumab or 180 days after the last dose of chemotherapeutic agents used in the study
* Male participants with a female partner(s) of child-bearing potential must be willing to use two adequate barrier methods of contraception from screening through 120 days after the last dose of pembrolizumab or 180 days after the last dose of chemotherapeutic agents used in the study

Exclusion criteria:

* Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-sensitizing mutation and/or is echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4(EML4) gene/anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene fusion positive
* Currently participating or has participated in a study of an investigational agent or using an investigational device within 4 weeks of the first dose of study therapy
* No tumor specimen evaluable for PD-L1 expression by the central study laboratory
* Squamous histology and received carboplatin in combination with paclitaxel in the adjuvant setting
* Is receiving systemic steroid therapy ≤3 days prior to the first dose of study therapy or receiving any other form of immunosuppressive medication with the exception of daily steroid replacement therapy
* The NSCLC can be treated with curative intent with either surgical resection and/or chemoradiation
* Expected to require any other form of systemic or localized antineoplastic therapy while on study
* Any prior systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy, biological therapy or major surgery within 3 weeks of the first dose of study therapy; received lung radiation therapy \>30 Gy within 6 months of the first dose of study therapy
* Prior therapy with an anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, anti-PD-L2, anti-CD137, or anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) antibody (including ipilimumab or any other antibody or drug specifically targeting T-cell co-stimulation or checkpoint pathways)
* Known central nervous system metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis
* Active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in the past 2 years
* Had allogeneic tissue/solid organ transplantation
* Interstitial lung disease or history of pneumonitis that has required oral or IV steroids
* Has received or will receive a live vaccine within 30 days prior to the first study therapy (seasonal flu vaccines that do not contain live vaccine are permitted)
* Active infection requiring intravenous systemic therapy
* Known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
* Known active Hepatitis B or C
* Regular user (including "recreational use") of any illicit drugs or had a recent history (within the last year) of substance abuse (including alcohol)
* Pregnant, breastfeeding, or expecting to conceive or father children within the projected duration of the study
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Life expectancy of at least 3 months
* Histologically- or cytologically-confirmed diagnosis of NSCLC that is anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive per central laboratory review
* At least one bi-dimensional measurable lesion
* Radiographic progression after treatment with at least 2 cycles of a platinum-containing doublet
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0 or 1

Exclusion Criteria:

* Prior therapy with docetaxel for NSCLC
* Receiving systemic steroid therapy within 3 days prior to the first dose of study treatment or receiving any other form of immunosuppressive medication
* Currently participating or has participated in a study using an investigational antineoplastic agent or device within 30 days of first dose
* Expected to require any other form of systemic or localized antineoplastic therapy while on trial
* History of allogeneic tissue/solid organ transplant
* Prior systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy, antineoplastic biological therapy (e.g., cetuximab), major surgery within 3 weeks of the first dose of study drug; received thoracic radiation therapy of \>30 Gy within 6 months of the first dose of study drug; received prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy or completed palliative radiotherapy within 7 days of the first dose of study drug
* Prior therapy with an anti-programmed cell death (PD)-1, anti-PD-L1, anti-PD-L2, anti-tumor necrosis factor CD137, or anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) antibody (including ipilimumab or any other antibody or drug specifically targeting T-cell co-stimulation or checkpoint pathways), or took part in another pembrolizumab trial
* Known history of prior malignancy, with the exception of basal cell carcinoma of the skin, superficial bladder cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, or in situ cervical cancer, and has undergone potentially curative therapy with no evidence of that disease recurrence for 5 years since initiation of that therapy
* Known active central nervous system (CNS) metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis
* Active autoimmune disease, or a documented history of autoimmune disease, or a syndrome that requires systemic steroids or immunosuppressive agents
* Interstitial lung disease, or history of pneumonitis requiring systemic steroids for treatment
* Known history or active human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B, or hepatitis C
* Pregnant or breastfeeding, or expecting to conceive or father children within the projected duration of the trial through 120 days after last dose of pembrolizumab or 180 days after last dose of docetaxel
C: For more information regarding BMS clinical trial participation, please visit www.BMSStudyConnect.com

Inclusion Criteria:

* Newly diagnosed and confirmed Stage IIIB/IV NSCLC
* Previously treated NSCLC with asymptomatic brain metastases (eligible for Arm M) See additional details below
* Men and women aged ≥18 years
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 1
* Subject must be chemotherapy naive (except Arm D, K, L and M). Prior use of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) is acceptable. For Arms D, K, and L, subjects must be non-progressors within 42 days after completion of first-line treatment with ≥4 cycles of Platinum Doublet chemotherapy with or without Bevacizumab. See below for Arm M
* Either a formalin fixed tissue block or a minimum of 10 slides of tumor sample (archived or fresh) must be available for biomarker evaluation (a local pathologist must review for adequacy of sampling)
* Life expectancy of at least 3 months
* Prior radiotherapy must have been completed at least 2 weeks prior to study entry

For Arm M:

* No more than 4 brain metastases
* Each brain metastases ≤3 cm in size
* No evidence of cerebral edema
* Subjects must be free of neurologic symptoms related to metastatic brain lesions and must not have required or received systemic corticosteroids for ≥10 days prior to initiation of study treatment
* At least 1 measurable target brain lesion \>0.5 cm and no larger than 3 cm in diameter and/or 2 measurable brain target lesions \>0.3 cm
* No prior radiation therapy, surgery, or other local therapy for target brain lesions
* Must have received at least one prior systemic anticancer therapy for NSCLC

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects with symptomatic brain metastases, spinal cord compression, or intractable back pain due to a compressive or destructive mass
* Subjects who require emergent use of systemic steroids, emergent surgery and/or radiotherapy
* Any active or history of a known autoimmune disease
* Subjects with previous malignancies (except non-melanoma skin cancers, in situ bladder cancer, gastric, or colon cancers or cervical cancers/dysplasia, or breast carcinoma in situ) are excluded unless a complete remission was achieved at least 2 years prior to study entry and no additional therapy is required or anticipated to be required during the study period
* History of Grade ≥2 neuropathy
* Subjects with interstitial lung disease that is symptomatic or may interfere with the detection or management of suspected drug-related pulmonary toxicity
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Subjects with histologically confirmed Stage IV or recurrent NSCLC squamous or non-squamous histology, with no prior systemic anticancer therapy
* Subjects must have programmed death-ligand 1 (PD -L1) immunohistochemical (IHC) testing, with results, performed by the central lab during the Screening period
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of ≤ 1
* Measurable disease by CT or MRI per response evaluation criteria in solid tumors version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects with untreated Central nervous system (CNS) metastases are excluded
* Subjects with an active, known or suspected autoimmune disease are excluded
* Any positive test for hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) indicating acute or chronic infection

Other protocol defined inclusion/exclusion criteria apply

Answer: B