Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effects of Lifestyle Education Programs on Diabetes Control Among Diabetic Patients at Kigali University Teaching Hospital Rwanda
Brief Summary: Strategies to reduce the burden of diabetes in Rwanda, like in other resource poor settings, include involving diabetic patients in their own care and targeting modifiable risk factors through adopting appropriate dietary and lifestyle habits. According to previous research carried out in developed countries, lifestyle modifications may have effect on the development of diabetes and prevention of its complications.

However, direct evidence to show whether lifestyle intervention is beneficial for diabetic patients in resources limited countries like Rwanda is an open question. Though in these countries, access to healthy diet is claimed to be the barrier of implementation of therapeutic lifestyle based initiatives, we hypothesize that knowledge gaps are more important barriers than access to healthier diets and other lifestyle habits. We therefore would like to carry out this intervention to assess the effects of lifestyle education programs on glycemic control among people with diabetes followed up at CHUK.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* users from 30 years of age diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus,
* degree of education above the fourth grade of elementary education and
* ability to attend the education program.

Exclusion Criteria:

* users with reading disability and
* chronic complications (defined as kidney failure, blindness, amputation of limbs, etc.).
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* have type 2 diabetes
* have a HbA1c equal to or \> 8.0%
* must speak English, Spanish, or Cantonese.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Dementia
* Psychosis/Schizophrenia
* End Stage Renal Disease
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* diagnosis of diabetes known since three months at least,
* being currently on treatment (insulin or oral hypoglycemiants),
* able to follow up at CHUK

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients with advanced diabetic complications (advanced nephropathy \& CKD, proliferative retinopathy, recent history of myocardial infarction \& severe Heart Failure (LVEF\<35%), peripheral artery disease, stroke, severe diabetic foot disease,
* any other severe illness that may impede the patient's functional capacity,
* severe psychiatric disorders
* pregnancy
D: Inclusion Criteria:

The following patients will be eligible for study participation:

* Patients with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Diabetes will be defined as those patients presently taking either oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin therapy (oral hypoglycemic agents to include all drugs in the drug classes of: alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, biguanides, meglitinides, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones and adjunctive therapy) taken for \>6 months to rule-out steroid-induced diabetes and gestational diabetes.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients will be excluded from the study if they:

* Do not provide or are unable to provide written informed consent
* Refuse or are unlikely to attend follow-up visits for BP measurements
* Are institutionalized
* Are \<18 years of age
* Do not understand English
* Enrolled in other diabetes or hypertension trials

Subjects will be recruited whether or not they are receiving antihypertensive therapy.

Answer: C