Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention of An-Lo District, Keelung.
Brief Summary: The prevalence and the incidence of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are extremely high in Taiwan (1, 2). More than 45,000 patients are under renal replacement therapy in the year 2004 (2). The disease had not only caused a significant impact in personal life, but also a great burden on social security and government-run health insurance. However, despite this high prevalence, the awareness of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in general population remains low (3, 4). The patients always come out too late for the intervention to slow down the progression of renal failure. Furthermore, most of them are not well prepared for the renal replacement therapy. The facts result in high mortality and morbidity in this specific population (5). It is mandatory to screen out and treat these patients early enough. However, these patients are deep into the community as the asymptomatic nature of CKD.

The major purpose of the study is to screen the community for the early CKD and provide the appropriate intervention at time. The study will collect the characteristic demographic epidemiological data and find out risk factors for CKD of this geographic area, provide multidisciplinary education of CKD and establish timely referral for appropriate nephrologist care for treatment and monitoring of complications.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Dialysis facilities within GA were considered for this intervention due to data restrictions. The remaining facilities were selected in a step-wise selection process 1) The presence of a racial disparity in referral or 2) a crude referral risk less than six percent.
* The presence of a racial disparity was based on the crude referral risk difference and the standardized referral risk difference.
* The remaining facilities had a calculated 6-month crude referral risk mean of 0.06 and all facilities with a crude referral risk less than the mean were selected for inclusion.
* The final pool of 134 facilities were randomized to either the intervention or control group using a one to one ratio.

Exclusion:

* Facilities with a 6-month population (from June-December 2012) of less than 13 End Stage Renal Disease patients \<70 years of age within a facility were excluded.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Most recent phosphorus and mean phosphorus over last 3 months \> 5.5 mg/dL
* Age ≥ 18 years
* On chronic hemodialysis ≥ 6 months
* English speaking

Exclusion Criteria:

* Mentally incompetent
* AIDS
* Cancer
* Terminal illness
* Pregnancy
* Nursing home residence
* No telephone access
* In another phosphorus related study
* Unable to identify written words
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults (age ≥ 18 years)
* Hispanics/Latinos
* ESRD patients who are scheduled to attend each participating transplant center's education sessions. Sessions mark the first phase of evaluation in order for patients to get wait listed for a transplant or for others to become a living kidney donor.
* Family and friends who accompany patients to the transplant center.
* Identification as Hispanic/Latino.
* Ability to come to Northwestern 3 hours prior to the scheduled education session.
* Ability to read. Reading ability will be assessed using the 5-point Likert scale question validated in English and Spanish:13 "How often do you need to have someone help you when you read instructions, pamphlets, or other written material from your doctor or pharmacy?" People will be included if they reply 1-Never or 2-Rarely.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Non-identification as Hispanic/Latino.
* Inability to come to Northwestern 3 hours prior to the scheduled education session.
* Individuals who are not able to read Spanish or English. People will be excluded if they reply 3-Sometimes, 4-Often, and 5-Always to the question, "How often do you need to have someone help you when you read instructions, pamphlets, or other written material from your doctor or pharmacy?" .
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* All CKD patients older than 18 y/o.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Refusal to participate in the trial

Answer: D