Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Peer Mentoring Intervention to Improve Adherence and Quality of Life in Adolescents With Solid Organ Transplants
Brief Summary: Adolescents with solid organ transplants have poorer outcomes than adults, and do not respond as well to post-rejection treatment. In addition to well-recognized declines in individual health-related quality of life, premature graft loss creates considerable health and economic burdens. High nonadherence rates among adolescents are believed to contribute majorly to rejection, premature allograft dysfunction and failure. Studies suggest that a telephone-based peer mentoring approach, with texting and e-communication, is a promising, practical means to promote medication adherence in adolescent solid organ transplant recipients. The study's main objectives are 1) to determine the efficacy of peer mentoring to improve medication adherence and health-related quality of life vs. usual care in adolescents and young adults with solid organ transplants, and 2) to determine the mechanisms through which peer mentoring impacts medication adherence and health-related quality of life.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Males or females age 14 to 23 years
* Greater than one year post kidney, heart or liver transplant
* Able to speak and read in English
* Willing and able to provide informed consent or assent
* Parental guardian permission (informed consent) if appropriate

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unwilling to participate
* Unable to speak or read in English
* Unable to provide informed assent or consent
* Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 20 ml/min/1.73m\^2
* On dialysis
* Less than three months post transplant
* Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. age 18 years or older,
2. prescribed at least 1 immunosuppressive medication taken twice a day,
3. functioning KT (not on dialysis),
4. has received a kidney-only transplant,
5. agreement from the transplant physician and nephrologist that individual is able to participate in the study,
6. able to speak, hear, and understand English as determined by the ability to participate and comprehend conversation about potential inclusion in the study,
7. able to open a MEMS cap as assessed by the Research Assistant (RA) asking if there is any problem with opening pill bottle caps,
8. able to administer immunosuppressive medications to self,
9. has a telephone or has access to a telephone,
10. has no cognitive impairment as determined by a score of 4 or greater on the 6-item Telephone Mental Status Screen Derived from the Mini-Mental Status Exam,
11. has no other diagnoses that may shorten life span, such as metastatic cancer,
12. is not currently hospitalized,
13. receives post-transplant care by the Missouri or Tennessee transplant programs.

Exclusion Criteria:

* None
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adolescent patients between 12 and 18 years of age with kidney transplants seen at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital for their transplant care at least every 3 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Non-English speaking,
* significant cognitive delays,
* seen in clinic less often than every 3 months.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* being over 18
* recently had a kidney transplant
* able to speak, understand and read Norwegian
* mentally able to participate in the study

Answer: A