Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effects of Memantine on Cognitive Disorders of Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to determine if memantine is effective in the treatment on cognitive disorders of Relapsing - Remitting multiple sclerosis. m


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria

You may be eligible for this study if you:

* Are HIV positive.
* Have been diagnosed with AIDS dementia complex (ADC).
* Have an estimated IQ of at least 70 (before the onset of ADC) or the ability to read at a 6th grade level.
* Have impaired mental skills.
* Are age18 or older.

Exclusion Criteria

You will not be eligible for this study if you:

* Have a history of a neurologic disease unrelated to HIV infection.
* Have a history of chronic seizures or head injuries.
* Have a history of central nervous system infections.
* Have certain cancers.
* Have any psychiatric illness.
* Have an active AIDS-defining opportunistic infection.
* Are pregnant or breast-feeding.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Willingness to participate, as indicated by written informed consent of the patient. The competence of the participating patient has to be assessed by a physician who is not involved in this trial.
2. Male or postmenopausal female outpatients.
3. Age of \> 50 years at time of randomization.
4. Diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's Disease (according to NINCDS-ADRDA criteria).
5. Clinical and psychometric rating cut-off score (valid at randomisation): MMSE range of 15 to 26 points.
6. MRI brain scan not older than 12 months (before randomization) compatible with the diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease. (The MRI brain scan must be repeated if older than 12 months or if clinically indicated).
7. Patient being ambulatory having adequate vision and hearing abilities to allow neuropsychological testing.
8. Patient with a knowledgeable, cooperative, reliable caregiver/informant who is willing to follow the study procedure as indicated by written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Dementia of any other type than AD:

   1. vascular dementia

      * HIS Score (modified acc. to Rosen) \> 5 or
      * evidence for VD acc. to NINCDS-AIREN criteria.
   2. depressive pseudodementia defined acc. to DSM-IV criteria for major depression.
   3. other non-AD dementia.
2. Significant neurological disease other than AD, such as cerebral tumor, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, normal pressure hydrocephalus, subdural hematoma, mental retardation, history of brain surgery or serious head trauma with residual deficits.
3. Diagnosis of psychosis (requiring hospitalization or antipsychotic therapy for more than two weeks) within the past 10 years not associated with AD or a diagnosis of alcoholism or drug dependence within the past 10 years.
4. History of epileptic seizures or patient receiving antiepileptic drugs.
5. Abnormal laboratory test results considered clinically relevant for dementia: e.g., electrolyte changes, folate deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, pathological thyroid function (T3 and TSH levels), positive syphilis serology.
6. Patient who, in the opinion of the investigator, is suffering from an acute or poorly controlled illness, such as:

   1. Presently uncontrolled hypertension (\> 180 mmHg systolic or \> 100 mmHg diastolic).
   2. Myocardial infarction within the last six months.
   3. Patient with uncompensated congestive heart failure (NYHA Class III or IV)
   4. Severe renal, hepatic or gastrointestinal disease, which could alter absorption, metabolism or excretion of the trial drug.
   5. Serum creatinine \> 130 μmol/l or 1.5 mg/dl, transaminases (ALAT, ASAT) or GGT \> twice the upper limit of normal range.
   6. Uncontrolled diabetes on entry into the double-blind phase of the research project (fasting blood glucose \> 10.0 mmol/l or 180 mg/dl in repeated tests) or patient requiring insulin treatment.
7. Patient taking any inadmissible medication, such as:

   * Any investigational drug.
   * Anticonvulsants (incl. barbiturates).
   * Anti-Parkinson agents.
   * Dopaminergic agents.
   * Amantadine.
   * Antimuscarinic agents (i. e., anticholinergics).
   * Selegiline, MAOI.
8. Any condition that precludes cooperation with the tests or other investigations during the study (e.g., seeing or hearing loss, relevant confusion or agitation, musculoskeletal disorders, contraindication for magnetic resonance imaging, i.e., presence of pacemaker, metallic implants in high risk areas, presence of metallic material in high risk areas, history of claustrophobia. Hip implants are not contraindicated).
9. Patient has participated in an investigational clinical trial during the last 2 months.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Ambulatory patients aged \>/= 50 years
* Diagnostic evidence of probable Alzheimer's disease consistent with criteria from the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR)
* Confirmatory magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomographic (CT) scan within the prior 12 months.
* Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores \>/= 3 and \</= 14 at Screening (Visit 1) and Baseline (Visit 2)
* Ongoing daily acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) therapy at a stable dose for at least 3 months prior to Screening (Visit 1). It is preferred that patients continue to receive the same AChEI therapy for the duration of the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with a modified Hachinski Ischemia Score greater than 4 at Screening.
* Patients who have taken memantine within one month of Screening (Visit 1)
* Patients who have a known hypersensitivity to memantine, neramexane, rimantadine, or amantadine.
* Patients whose AChEI therapy is likely to be interrupted or discontinued during the course of the study.
* Patients who are receiving therapy with more than one AChEI.
* Patients with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of hydrocephalus, stroke, a space-occupying lesion, cerebral infection, or any clinically significant central nervous system disease other than Alzheimer's disease.
* Patients with a DSM-IV Axis I disorder other than Alzheimer's disease, including amnestic disorders, schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, current major depressive episode, psychosis, panic, or post-traumatic stress disorder.
* Patients who, in the clinician's judgement, are likely to be placed in a nursing home within the next 6 months.
* Patients who had evidence of other neurological disorders that included, but were not limited to, stroke, Parkinson's disease, seizure disorder, or head injury with loss of consciousness within the prior 5 years
* Patients who had dementia that was complicated by other organic disease
* Patients who had dementia complicated by the presence of predominant delusions
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Remitting Multiple Sclerosis defined by Mc Donald et al., 2001
* Patient with authorised immunomodulator treatment or oral immunosuppressive therapy during more than three months: Bétâ Interferon, glatiramer acetate, azathioprine, methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil, treatment by monoclonal antibody I.V. or anti-VLA4, natalizumab (Tysabri)
* Patient having benefited, possibly, of following treatments : mitoxantrone, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, general-purpose immunoglobulins, only if the treatment is ended more of 6 months before the inclusion.
* EDSS score ≤ 5.5
* DRS score ≥ 130
* PASAT 3s score \> 15 and \< median / control subjects according to 2 age brackets, sex, school level.
* Signed the informed consent form.
* Effective contraception for women in age to procreate

Exclusion Criteria:

* Progressive form MS
* MS relapse of less of 4 weeks.
* IV or oral corticoid treatment in the month preceding the screening
* Medicinal treatments or non medicinal in cognitive or psychology-stimulant aim in the 3 months before the screening
* Tumoral form MS visible in the MRI.
* Depressive syndrome (MADRS score \> 19).
* Quite other diagnosed psychiatric pathology
* Known allergy or quite contraindication in memantin : renal or hepatic insufficiency, turned out epileptic disease, treatment by ketamine, amantadin, dextromethorphan, L-Dopa, dopaminergic agonist, barbituric, neuroleptic, 3,4-diaminopyridine, lithium, cimetidine, ranitidine, procainamide, quinine, nicotine, hydrochlorthiazide and ally, phenytoin, modafinil.
* Recent treatment (less of 4 weeks) by antidepressants and/or anxiolytics.
* Pregnancy or feeding.
* Minor or Major "protected by the law" patient
* Uncontrolled diet.
* Patient having benefited of one psychometric assessment(including in particular tests planned in the protocol) since less of one year.

Answer: D