Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Commitment and Motivation in a Brief DBT Intervention for Self Harm
Brief Summary: Research suggests that individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) experience low motivation for change (Skodal, Buckley, \& Charles, 1983). Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT; Linehan, 1993) includes commitment strategies that are designed to improve motivation. No studies have examined the effectiveness of these strategies. The proposed study will evaluate the efficacy of a brief DBT intervention consisting of commitment strategies plus skills training for people who self-harm. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a single orientation session of (1) commitment strategies plus psychoeducation or (2) psychoeducation. Immediately following their orientation session, all participants will be enrolled in a 90 minute group skills training session. Primary outcomes include autonomous motivation and frequency of self harm behaviours. Assessments will be conducted at six time points: baseline, after the initial orientation session, after the skills training group session, and at one week, one month, and three month follow-up


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Has a valid health card issued by a Canadian province or Canadian student organization (ie: UHIP)
2. Has had at least 3 self-harm episodes (either suicidal or non-suicidal) in the past 5 years, including at least 1 in the past eight weeks
3. Is literate in English
4. Absence of 4 or more formal weeks of DBT in the past year (individual or group therapy components)
5. Indicates absence of knowledge of the DBT Skills
6. Is able to attend all sessions on scheduled study day

Exclusion Criteria:

1) Evidence of organic brain syndrome or mental retardation
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Individuals with an index episode of self-poisoning or self-injury with or without suicide intent, based on the ICD-10 codes for self-harm with and without suicide intent (i.e., X60 to X84 and R45.8)
* Admission to the AEDs at the 4 collaborating public hospitals in Hong Kong (United Christian Hospital, North District Hospital, Queen Mary Hospital, and Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital)
* Mentally well assessed by a psychiatrist or Consultation Liaison Nurses (CLNs)
* Capable of providing written Informed Consent Form

Exclusion Criteria:

* Individuals with DSM-IV-TR Axis II disorder; or
* Individuals with severe psychotic mental illness or bipolar disorder
C: Inclusion Criteria exclusive to the Outpatient Clinic

* Age \>18 years
* Personality disorder(s) considered to be primary diagnosis/diagnoses

Inclusion Criteria exclusive to the trial:

* A minimum of four DSM-5 criteria for borderline personality disorder
* Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria exclusive to the Outpatient Clinic:

* Possibility of a learning disability (IQ\<75)
* A diagnosis of schizotypal personality disorder or antisocial personality disorder
* Presence of a comorbid psychiatric disorder that requires specialist treatment elsewhere
* Current (past 2 months) substance dependance including alcohol
* Concurrent psychotherapeutic treatment outside the clinic

Exclusion Criteria exclusive to the trial:

- Lack of informed consent
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Over 20 years old
2. Suffering from Axis I disorder
3. Had intent for suicide (confirmed more than 2 times)
4. Able to understand this study and provide informed consent
5. Able to have interview before trial registry and psycho education at hospital
6. Able to have interview for assessment at continuous follow-up care by case manager at the hospital

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Not suffering from Axis I disorder as a primary diagnosis

Answer: A