Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Randomized Trial of Intensive Physical Therapy for Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure
Brief Summary: Acute respiratory failure is a heterogeneous disorder that results in more than 300,000 Americans requiring admission to an intensive care unit for invasive mechanical ventilatory support each year. Though acute respiratory failure is a pulmonary disorder, patients who survive their hospitalization are not limited by respiratory symptoms after discharge. Rather persistent neuromuscular weakness is the primary disorder that adversely alters their quality of life and ability to function on a daily basis. In this application the investigators plan to conduct a randomized clinical trial called the Do It Now study (Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuromuscular Weakness) to determine the effectiveness of an intensive physical therapy program for patients recovering from acute respiratory failure. This trial will establish the efficacy of the physical therapy programs that is currently performed for patients with acute respiratory failure in a non-evidence based manner across the United States.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Acutely admitted to Amager Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
* \> 65 years
* Medical patients
* Understands and speaks Danish
* Fulfill the criteria's of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

Exclusion Criteria:

* Terminal illnesses
* Cancer
* Glomerular Filtration Rate \< 60 ml/min
* Not able to stand
* Not able to understand the purpose of the study
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation for at least four days.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Recent myocardial infarction within the last 3 weeks, presence of signs or symptoms of unstable angina or history of unstable arrhythmias including ventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation (HR \> 100 bpm).
* Recent history of pulmonary embolism within the last six weeks.
* History of severe aortic stenosis.
* Presence of a dissecting aortic aneurysm.
* Significant language barrier that would limit the ability to participate in the physical therapy program.
* Patients who live greater than 45 miles from the University of Colorado Hospital.
* Underlying disorder that makes it unlikely that the patient will survive 6 months.
* Severe physical or cognitive impairment that would impair their ability to exercise.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Clinical diagnosis of pneumonia
* Must be able to walk
* Time less than 48 hours of hospitalization
* Age above 18 years
* Conscious and oriented
* Hemodynamically stable

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with other respiratory diseases
* Osteoarticular or cognitive disorders
* Patients who refuse to participate or complete the procedures
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Participants will include approximately 150 elderly people aged 75 years or older recruited from patients admitted into the Geriatrics Department of the Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (Madrid, Spain).
* Able to ambulate, with or without personal/technical assistance.
* Able to communicate.
* Informed consent: Must be capable and willing to provide consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Duration of hospitalization \< 72 hours
* Any factor precluding performance of the physical training program or testing procedures as determined by the attending physician. These factors include, but are not limited to the following:
* Terminal illness.
* Myocardial infarction in the past 3 months.
* Not capable of ambulation.
* Unstable cardiovascular disease or other medical condition.
* Upper or lower extremity fracture in the past 3 months.
* Severe dementia.
* Unwillingness to either complete the study requirements or to be randomised into control or intervention group.
* Presence of neuromuscular disease or drugs affecting neuromuscular function.

Answer: B