Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effects of a Supervised Progressive Resistance Training With Breast Cancer Patients During Adjuvant Radiotherapy - A Randomised Controlled Intervention Trial
Brief Summary: The purpose of this randomized intervention study is to investigate the effects and biological mechanisms of a supervised 12-week progressive resistance training on fatigue and immunological and inflammatory biomarkers in breast cancer patients during adjuvant radiotherapy. To determine the effect of the exercise itself beyond potential psychosocial effects due to attention by trainers or the group support, patients in the control group have a comparable training schedule (i.e. 60 min, twice a week, for 12 weeks) but with relaxation training (Jacobsen method).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* histologically confirmed primary breast cancer, stage I-III, after lumpectomy or mastectomy, indication for adjuvant radiotherapy
* BMI: 18-40
* ability to understand and follow the study protocol

Exclusion Criteria:

* contraindication for exercise
* participation in the BEATE trial or another systematic resistance or relaxation training
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Breast cancer early stage I -IIIA
* Completed axillary surgery
* Scheduled to receive adjuvant chemotherapy for 9 - 24 weeks
* Approval of the treating oncologist
* Able to understand and provide written informed consent in English or French (Ottawa)
* 18+ years of age
* No uncontrolled hypertension, cardiac illness, psychiatric condition
* No contraindication to exercise as determined by a fitness test

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant.
* Unwilling to accept randomization.
* Any medical condition that would be a contraindication to exercise. The clinicians will make this decision.
* Unwilling to travel to/participate in the exercise program as defined by the protocol.
* Previous chemotherapy (previous cancer is NOT an exclusion criteria).
* Cancer recurrence.
* Planned/known absence of greater than 2 weeks during the intended study period.
* Previous therapy for known breast cancer.
* Those who have had TRAM (i.e., Transabdominal Rectus Abdominus Muscle Reconstructive Surgery) done.
* Moderate lymphedema (\>20% or \>200mL difference between the affected arm and the unaffected arm).
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* histologically confirmed breast cancer.
* mentally competent.
* physician approval to participate in the study.
* free from chronic medical and orthopaedic conditions.
* no current or planned pregnancy.
* ability to read and understand English.
* must be in the post treatment phase of their cancer trajectory.
* willing to accept random assignment.
* not currently participating in another QoL intervention.
* no known or active metastatic disease.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

The study sample will be composed of 325 women, younger than 50 years of age, with histologically confirmed primary breast cancer (stages: T1 - T4, N0 - N1 and M0). All women will have been premenopausal at the time of diagnosis, have completed adjuvant chemotherapy (with the exception of herceptin, which can continue to receive) a minimum of 4 months and a maximum of 5 years prior to study entry. Women may currently be receiving adjuvant hormonal therapy. All women should be disease-free at time of study entry. Potentially eligible women will be screened for the presence of at least one of the following 3 menopausal symptoms during the previous 2-month period: hot flushes, sweating and/or vaginal dryness.

Exclusion Criteria:

Women will be excluded from the study if they lack basic proficiency in Dutch, if they have serious cognitive or psychiatric problems, or serious physical comorbidity that would preclude them from participating in a physical exercise program. Since physical exercise may be contraindicated as a treatment for hot flushes in obese women, 49 patients with a BMI ≥ 30 will be excluded from the study. Patients participating in concurrent studies or rehabilitation programs containing psychosocial interventions will also be excluded.

Answer: A