Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Effect of Weekly PROCRIT (Epoetin Alfa) on Anemia and Quality of Life in Children With Cancer Undergoing Myelosuppressive Chemotherapy
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of once- weekly dosing of PROCRITÂ® (a glycoprotein that stimulates red blood cell production) versus placebo in the treatment of anemia in children with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, and to assess its effect on the quality of life.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with a confirmed new diagnosis of malignant solid tumor, Hodgkin's disease, Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) or Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL)
* scheduled to receive first myelosuppressive chemotherapy within 7 days of baseline or have received up to the second myelosuppressive chemotherapy within 60 days prior to study enrollment, and scheduled to receive chemotherapy over a minimum period of 12 weeks after study enrollment
* anemic according to age-based and gender-based criteria (hemoglobin level of \< 10.5 g/dL for boys and girls ages 5 to 12 years, \< 11.0 g/dL for girls older than 12 years, \< 12.0 g/dL for boys older than 12 years)
* have an indwelling central venous access device (e.g., subcutaneous port, external Hickman-Broviac-type catheter, or peripherally inserted central catheter) or existing peripheral intravenous catheter in place for chemotherapy administration
* both male or female patients who are reproductive potential and sexually active must be practicing an acceptable method of birth control throughout the entire study
* Parent/legal guardian must have read and signed the informed consent and patients must have provided assent, as appropriate according to state and IRB requirements

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of myeloid leukemia or other myeloid malignancy (e.g., granulocytic sarcoma)
* diagnosis of Down's Syndrome, tumor of the central nervous system (CNS) or symptomatic metastatic CNS disease (for the solid tumor/Hodgkin's Disease stratum), or presence of symptomatic CNS disease at diagnosis (for the Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia/Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma stratum)
* scheduled to receive cranial irradiation during the study period, or has received cranial irradiation within 30 days prior to study enrollment
* have an inherited form of anemia (hemoglobinopathy, thalassemia, red cell membrane defect, red cell enzyme deficiency) or a Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia
* elevated serum creatinine based upon age of study entry ( \> 0.8 mg/dL for children younger than 10 years, \> 1.1 mg/dL for children 10 - 15 years, \> 1.4 mg/dL for children older than 15 years)
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of CLL according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI)/Internal Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (IWCLL) criteria or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria; this includes previous documentation of:

  * Biopsy-proven small lymphocytic lymphoma or
  * Diagnosis of CLL according to the NCI/IWCLL criteria as evidenced by all of the following:

    * Peripheral blood lymphocyte count of greater than 5 x 10\^9/L
    * Immunophenotype consistent with CLL defined as:

      * The predominant population of lymphocytes share both B-cell antigens (cluster of differentiation \[CD\]19, CD20 \[typically dim expression\], or CD23) as well as CD5 in the absence of other pan-T-cell markers (CD3, CD2, etc)
      * Clonality as evidenced by kappa or lambda light chain restriction (typically dim immunoglobulin expression)
  * Negative FISH analysis for t(11;14)(immunoglobulin heavy locus \[IgH\]/cyclin D1 \[CCND1\]) on peripheral blood or tissue biopsy (e.g. marrow aspirate) or negative immunohistochemical stains for cyclin D1 staining on involved tissue biopsy (e.g. marrow aspirate or lymph node biopsy)
* No prior chemotherapy, Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor therapy, or monoclonal anti-body therapy for treatment of CLL or SLL
* Has met at least one of the following indications for treatment:

  * Evidence of progressive marrow failure as manifested by the development of worsening anemia (hemoglobin \[Hg\] \< 11 g/dl) and/or thrombocytopenia (platelets \< 100 x 10\^9/L)
  * Symptomatic or progressive lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, or hepatomegaly
  * One or more of the following disease-related symptoms:

    * Weight loss \>= 10% within the previous 6 months
    * Grade 2 or 3 fatigue attributed to CLL
    * Fevers \> 100.5 Fahrenheit (F) for 2 weeks without evidence of infection
    * Clinically significant night sweats without evidence of infection
  * Progressive lymphocytosis (not due to the effects of corticosteroids) with an increase of \> 50% over a two-month period or an anticipated doubling time of less than six months
* ECOG performance status between 0-2
* Life expectancy of \>= 12 months
* Ability to tolerate FCR based therapy
* No deletion of 17p13 on cytogenetic analysis by FISH
* Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) \> 40 mL/minute as calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration)
* Total bilirubin =\< 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration) unless due to Gilbert's disease; for those with a total bilirubin \> 2.5 x ULN, a direct bilirubin should be performed and must be \< 1.5 mg/dL for Gilbert's to be diagnosed

  * If value is higher due to hepatic involvement by CLL, patient is eligible
* Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) (aspartate transaminase \[AST\])/serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine transaminase \[ALT\]) =\< 3.0 x the institutional ULN (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration)

  * If value is higher due to hepatic involvement by CLL, patient is eligible
* Prothrombin time (PT)/international normalized ratio (INR) \< 1.5 ULN and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) (activated partial thromboplastin time \[aPTT\]) \< 1.5 X ULN (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration)

  * If value is higher due to hepatic involvement by CLL, patient is eligible
* No active hemolytic anemia requiring immunosuppressive therapy or other pharmacologic treatment; patients who have a positive Coombs test but no evidence of hemolysis are NOT excluded from participation
* No current use of corticosteroids; EXCEPTION: low doses of steroids (\< 10 mg of prednisone or equivalent dose of other steroid) used for treatment of non-hematologic medical condition (e.g. chronic adrenal insufficiency) is permitted
* No previous use of corticosteroids for autoimmune complications that have developed since the initial diagnosis of CLL; prior use of corticosteroids for reasons other than treatment of autoimmune complications is allowed
* No other active primary malignancy (other than non-melanomatous skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix) requiring treatment or limiting expected survival to =\< 2 years; NOTE: if there is a history of prior malignancy, they must not be receiving other specific treatment (other than hormonal therapy for their cancer)
* Able to adhere to the study visit schedule and other protocol requirements
* No major surgery within the last 4 weeks (28 days) of first dose of study drug or minor surgery within 3 days of first dose of study drug
* No radiation therapy =\< 4 weeks prior to registration
* Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may be eligible provided they meet the following criteria:

  * CD4-positive cell count \>= lower limit of institutional normal
  * HIV viral load \< 10,000 copies HIV ribonucleic acid (RNA)/mL (if not on anti-HIV therapy) OR \< 50 copies HIV RNA/mL (if on anti-HIV therapy)
  * No evidence of hepatitis B or C infection
  * No evidence of resistant strains of HIV
  * No history of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining condition
* Patients must not have any of the following conditions:

  * Congestive heart failure or New York Heart Association Functional Classification III or IV congestive heart failure
  * History of myocardial infarction, unstable angina, or acute coronary syndrome within 6 months prior to registration
  * Recent infections requiring systemic treatment; need to have completed anti-biotic therapy \> 14 days before the first dose of study drug
  * Cerebral vascular accident or intracranial bleed within the last 6 months
  * Infection with known chronic, active hepatitis C
  * Serologic status reflecting active hepatitis B or C infection; patients that are positive for hepatitis B core antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), or hepatitis C antibody must have a negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) prior to enrollment (PCR positive patients will be excluded)
* Patients are not eligible if they require treatment with a strong cytochrome P450 (CYP) family 3, subfamily A (3A) inhibitor
* Patients may not be on any other investigational agents
* Patients may not have received warfarin or another vitamin K antagonist in the preceding 30 days
* Women must not be pregnant or breast-feeding since this study involves an investigational agent whose genotoxic, mutagenic, and teratogenic effects on the developing fetus and newborn are unknown; female patients of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 2 weeks prior to registration to rule out pregnancy; female patients who are of non-reproductive potential are those who are post-menopausal by history (i.e. no menses for \>= 1 year); OR history of hysterectomy; OR history of bilateral tubal ligation; OR history of bilateral oophorectomy)
* Women of childbearing potential and sexually active males must be strongly advised to use an accepted and effective method of contraception or to abstain from sexual intercourse for 90 days after the last dose of study drug
* Patient must be able to swallow capsules and not have the following conditions:

  * Disease significantly affecting gastrointestinal function
  * Resection of the stomach or small bowel
  * Symptomatic inflammatory bowel disease
  * Ulcerative colitis
  * Partial or complete bowel obstruction
* Patient must not be on any other systemic immunosuppressant therapy other than corticosteroids within 28 days of the first dose of study drug
* Patient must not be vaccinated with live, attenuated vaccines within 4 weeks of first dose of study drug
* Patient must not have any known bleeding disorders (e.g., von Willebrand's disease) or hemophilia
* Patient must not have currently active, clinically significant hepatic impairment (\>= moderate hepatic impairment according to the NCI/Child Pugh)
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Histologically confirmed (e.g., slide of tissue) breast cancer
* HER2/NEU positive or negative
* Clinical evidence of metastasis (e.g., biopsy) with at least 1 measurable metastatic (M1) lesion prior to starting the current chemotherapy
* Received 1st and 2nd line chemotherapy
* Hemoglobin (Hb) \<= 11g/dL at the time of randomization
* planned to receive at least 2 more cycles of chemotherapy
* Life expectancy \> 6 months
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score 0 or 1
* At least 18 years old using effective birth control or surgically sterile or postmenopausal for 1 year

Exclusion Criteria:

* Active second cancer
* no recent history of clinically relevant thrombovascular event
* Current treatment with anticoagulants
* Brain metastasis or CNS involvement
* Anemia secondary to another cause
* Recent (within prior 1 months) use of an ESA
* Patient pregnant or breast feeding
* Progressive disease during adjuvant/neoadjuvant chemotherapy
* Rapidly progressive or life-threatening metastatic disease
* Concomitant endocrine therapy
* Patient in whom the only site of metastasis was local and was successfully treated surgically.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Subjects with non-myeloid malignancy
* At least 12 additional weeks of cyclic cytotoxic chemotherapy anticipated regardless of schedule
* Hemoglobin concentration less than 11.0 g/dL within 24 hours before randomization
* Adequate serum folate and vitamin B12
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 2
* Of legal age at the time written informed consent is obtained

Exclusion Criteria:

* Known history of seizure disorder
* Known primary hematologic disorder causing anemia other than non-myeloid malignancies
* Unstable/uncontrolled cardiac condition
* Clinically significant inflammatory disease
* Other diagnoses not related to the cancer which can cause anemia
* Inadequate renal and liver function
* Iron deficiency
* Known positive test for HIV infection
* Previously suspected of or confirmed to have neutralizing antibodies to rHuEPO
* Received more than 2 red blood cell (RBC) transfusions within 4 weeks of randomization; or any RBC transfusion within 14 days before randomization; or any planned RBC transfusion between randomization and study day 1
* Received any erythropoietic therapy within 4 weeks of study day 1 or any planned erythropoietic therapy between randomization and study day 1
* Other investigational procedures
* Currently enrolled in or has not yet completed at least 30 days since ending other investigational device or drug trial(s), or subject receiving other investigational agent(s)
* Pregnant or breast feeding
* Not using adequate contraceptive precautions
* Previously randomized into this study
* Known hypersensitivity to any products to be administered
* Concerns for subject's compliance

Answer: A