Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Vitamin D In the Prevention of Viral-induced Asthma in Preschoolers: a Randomized Controlled Multicenter Trial (DIVA)
Brief Summary: In this 7-month randomized controlled trial, children aged 1 to less than 6 years, with recurrent asthma attacks triggered mostly by colds, will receive a high dose of vitamin D or a placebo every 3.5 months during their usual clinic visit, and a daily supplement of vitamin D or a placebo. This study will test whether children in vitamin D group have less frequent and less severe asthma exacerbations compared with those receiving placebo.The study will also document the safety profile of this strategy.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria

* All the selected children of Severe uncomplicated acute malnutrition of concerned age group whose parents or guardians have give written consent for the study
* Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) less than 11.5 cm or Weight For Height (WFH) less then minus 3 standard deviation.

Exclusion Criteria

* Children above the concerned age group
* Refusal of parents for taking part in the study.
* Child having Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) with complications have loss of appetite, lower respiratory tract infection indicated by chest in drawing, severe vomiting.
* Temperature greater then 39°C or hypothermia less then 35°C, very pale, oedema, unconsciousness.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Preterm Infants (28-37 wk gestational age)
* Late-onset sepsis defined as clinical signs suggestive of infection after 72 h of birth. Clinical sepsis will be defined as the presence of three or more of the following categories of clinical signs:

  1. Temperature instability (hypothermia, hyperthermia);
  2. Respiratory (grunting, intercoastal retraction, apnea, tachypnea, cyanosis);
  3. Neurologic (hypotonia, lethargy, seizures);
  4. Gastrointestinal (feeding intolerance, abdominal distension).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Major congenital anomalies.
* Chromosomal anomalies.
* Known inborn error(s) of metabolism
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. 1 to 11 month old infants living in the study area
2. caretakers are willing to give consent to take part in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

1. the family is likely to migrate out of the study area within the next 18 months
2. the child has been diagnosed with rickets or known to have received a course of vitamin D treatment in the past 3 monDths.
3. Child with Kwashiorkor or Marasmus.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 1-5 years
* Physician-diagnosed asthma (as per the 2015 Canadian Position Paper on the diagnosis of preschool asthma)
* ≥1 asthma exacerbation requiring rescue oral corticosteroids (OCS) in the past 6 months or ≥2 in the past 12 months (as documented by pharmacy/medical records)
* ≥4 upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in the past 12 months (as per parental report)
* URTIs as the main asthma trigger (as per parental report)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Intake \> 400 IU/day of vitamin D3 supplements or fish oil in the past 3 months
* Intention to use \> 400 IU/day of vitamin D3 supplements or fish oil in the fall and winter
* Extreme prematurity (\< 28 week gestation)
* No vitamin D supplementation (if breast-fed in the last 6 months)
* Vitamin D restrictive diets, that is, minimal intake of vitamin D fortified milk (\<250 mL/day for 1-3 years or \<375 mL/day for 4-6 years AND no other (or \<200 IU/day) vitamin D supplement
* Recent immigrants from regions at high risk of rickets (in the past 12 months)
* Recent refugees (in the past 12 months)
* Undernourished children
* Other chronic respiratory disease (e.g. Cystic fibrosis, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia) or chronic kidney, gastrointestinal, endocrinological or cardiac diseases, or sickle cell anemia?
* History of bone disorder disease (e.g. rickets, osteomalacia)
* Intake of oral anti-epileptic, diuretic or anti-fungal medications
* Anticipated difficulty with follow-up or with adherence to the intervention or the procedures

Answer: D