Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Capturing Outcomes of Clinical Activities Performed by a Rounding Pharmacist Practising in a Team Environment (COLLABORATE)
Brief Summary: We, the researchers, propose to link a clinical pharmacist with an internal medicine or family medicine team to provide pharmaceutical care to all patients assigned to the team. The hypothesis is that through this team based approach, pharmacists will act as a resource for providing pharmacotherapeutic advice during the drug therapy decision making process and promote optimal drug use by identifying and resolving actual and potential drug related problems. This study is designed to test this hypothesis, by assessing the impact of this intervention on evidence based, quality of drug therapy indicators, for patients admitted with heart failure (HF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), community acquired pneumonia (CAP), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and stable coronary artery disease (CAD).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* patient 65 years old or older
* patient admitted to one of the project wards
* minimum hospitalization: 3 days
* written informed consent (patient or the legal representative)
* current medication of the patient at hospitalization

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients included in this study previously
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Consecutive patients \> 18 years of age admitted to participating internal and family medicine teams during the 1 year study period will be eligible to receive the pharmacist intervention. For the purposes of data analysis, patients with a most responsible or primary diagnosis of HF, COPD, CAP, T2DM, and CAD will be included.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Residence outside the Capital Health catchment
* Admitted for ≤ 2 days
* Palliative care
* Transferred to another team
C: Inclusion Criteria:

All patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) as the primary reason for hospital admission and use the VA for their usual source of care, defined as having 1 primary care visit within the 12 months prior to hospital admission will be screened for eligibility to participate. ACS is defined as acute myocardial infarction (both ST-elevation MI and non-ST elevation MI) or unstable angina. The presence of acute myocardial infarction will be defined using standard definitions from an international consensus statement, based on the following: a rise and/or fall of cardiac biomarkers (preferably troponin) with at least one value above the 99th percentile of the upper reference limit and at least one of the following:

* symptoms of ischemia;
* ECG change indicative of new ischemia (new ST-T changes or new left bundle branch block);
* development of pathological Q waves in the ECG; or
* imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium or new regional wall motion abnormality.42 Unstable angina will be defined by presence of ischemic symptoms and ECG changes indicative of new ischemia but without biomarker evidence of myonecrosis (i.e., biomarker elevation) and no evidence of new pathological Q waves, loss of viable myocardium or regional wall motion abnormality.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patient admitted for primary non-cardiac diagnosis and develop ACS as a secondary condition (e.g. perioperative MI);
* planned discharge to nursing home or skilled nursing facility;
* irreversible, non-cardiac medical condition (e.g. metastatic cancer) likely to affect 6-month survival or ability to execute study protocol;
* lack of telephone/cell phone;
* VA is not primary source of care;
* regularly fill medications at non-VA pharmacy.
D: Inclusion Criteria for screening:

* Moderate to severe CKD as determined by the treating nephrologist:
* Stage 3 = eGFR 30 - 59 ml/min/1.73 m2
* Stage 4 = eGFR 15 - 29 ml/min/1.73 m2
* Stage 5/5D = eGFR below 15 ml/min/1.73m2, including patients receiving dialysis
* Aged ≥65 years, or ≥ 55 years if Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander

For inclusion in enrolment:

* Frailty Index \>0.25 (FI-CKD tool)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Estimated life expectancy of less than 12 months.
* Unable to provide informed consent and/or participate in the Goal Attainment Scaling process due to cognitive impairment or another reason.

Answer: B