Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Efficiency of a Phone Coaching Program on Adherence to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome
Brief Summary: Background: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) remains the reference treatment for moderate to severe forms of the Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea Syndrome (SAHS). Compliance to the treatment appears to be a key factor to improving health status of these patients.

Methods: The investigators conducted a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled, parallel group trial of standard support completed or not within 3 months of coaching sessions for newly diagnosed SAHS patients starting CPAP therapy. The coaching session consisted of 5 sessions of telephone-based counseling by competent staff. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients using CPAP more than 3 hours per night for 4 months; the secondary outcome was mean hours of CPAP usage in the 2 groups.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* newly diagnosed with SAHS
* CPAP treatment prescribed

Exclusion Criteria:

* previously use CPAP
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients aged \> 18 years of age who are referred to the University of Chicago sleep laboratory for split-night polysomnography by a non-sleep physician and who have a consultation appointment with a sleep physician following the appointment
* Have not had prior contact with a sleep physician or prior exposure to CPAP therapy.

Exclusion Criteria: Subjects will be excluded for any of the following characteristics: -Non-English speaking

* Illiterate
* Sleep study is negative for sleep apnea (apnea-hypopnea index \< 5 events/hr)
* Subject does not undergo CPAP titration during the in-laboratory polysomnogram
* Subject does not have a working telephone number
* Poor eyesight or hearing
* Dementia
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Consecutive patients aged 18-70 years of age
* Documented obstructive sleep apnea by polysomnography (AHI 5 or more/hr)
* Established diagnosis of PTSD related to any past lifetime traumatic event and have a diagnosis of current, chronic PTSD

Exclusion Criteria:

* Central sleep apnea defined as central apnea/hypopnea \>50% of the total respiratory events
* Prior treatment for sleep apnea
* Veterans with fewer than 4 teeth remaining in either arch
* Coexisting narcolepsy
* Tempo-mandibular joint disease
* Epilepsy
* Prominent suicidal or homicidal ideation
* Diagnosis of dementia
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 21 - 75
* Diagnosis of OSAHS with baseline AHI (Apnea-Hypopnea Index) equal or greater than 15 events/hr of sleep
* Able and willing to provide written informed consent
* Agreement to try PAP (positive airway pressure) as initial treatment approach
* Adequate clinical CPAP titration within two weeks of enrollment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Participation in another interventional research study within the last 30 days
* The need for more than one titration PSG (polysomnography)
* The use of sedatives or hypnotics during the titration PSG
* Major medical or psychiatric condition that would interfere with the demands of the study, adherence to PAP or the ability to commit to follow-up assessment.
* Prior prescription for, or exposure to PAP therapy within the previous year (except exposure to CPAP during clinical therapy titration.)
* Chronic respiratory failure or insufficiency with suspected or known neuromuscular disease, moderate or severe COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) or other pulmonary disorders, or any condition with an elevation of arterial carbon dioxide levels (\>45 mmHG) while awake or participants qualifying for oxygen therapy (arterial saturation \< or equal to 88% for more than five minutes).
* Surgery of the upper airway, nose, sinus, or middle ear within the previous 90 days
* Surgery at any time for the treatment of OSAHS such as uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)
* Presence of untreated or poorly managed, non-OSAHS related sleep disorders:

  * moderate to severe periodic limb movements (greater or equal to 15 per hour with symptoms or arousals)
  * Restless Leg syndrome (greater than 10 per hour)
  * Males experiencing chronic insomnia
* Use of medications with hypnotic or sedative effects or regular use of night time sedatives or sleeping aids greater than or equal to one night per week.
* Consumption of ethanol more than 4 nights per week (CAGE criteria)
* Shift workers

Answer: A