Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Multi-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study of the Efficacy and Safety of WelChol® in Type 2 Diabetics With Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin Monotherapy or Metformin Therapy in Combination With Other Oral Anti-Diabetic Agents
Brief Summary: The purpose of the study is to see how safe and effective and tolerable the use of colesevelam hydrochloride is for type 2 diabetes when added to metformin alone or in combination with other anti-diabetic drugs.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

Subjects meeting the following criteria at the Screening Visit will be eligible to participate in the trial:

* Have given written informed consent
* Ages 18 to 75 years, inclusive
* Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus of at least 3 months duration
* HbA1C 7.0- 10.0%, inclusive
* Antidiabetic treatment may include oral agents; all antidiabetic agents must be withdrawn before randomization
* Women may be enrolled if they are not pregnant (negative serum βHCG at the Screening Visit), are not breast-feeding, and do not plan to become pregnant during the trial. In addition, they must either have had a hysterectomy or tubal ligation at least 6 months before signing informed consent, be post-menopausal for 1 year, or practicing an acceptable method of birth control. An acceptable method of birth control may be oral, injectable or implantable hormonal contraceptives, intrauterine device, diaphragm plus spermicide, or female condom plus spermicide. Abstinence, partner's use of condoms, and partner's vasectomy are NOT acceptable methods of contraception
* BMI 25 - 45 kg/M sq, inclusive

Exclusion Criteria:

Subjects are excluded from participation in the study if any of the following criteria apply:

* Type 1 diabetes mellitus or history of diabetic ketoacidosis
* Treatment with lipid or blood pressure lowering therapy that has not been stable for three months before randomization
* Treatment with WelChol, cholestyramine or colestipol for hyperlipidemia within the last 3 months
* Treatment with thiazolidinediones
* History of dysphagia, swallowing disorders, or intestinal motility disorder
* Serum triglyceride \>500 mg/dL at Visit 1
* Serum LDL-C \<60 mg/dL at Visit 1
* Any condition or therapy which, in the opinion of the investigator, poses a risk to the subject or makes participation not in the subject's best interest
* Use of any investigational drug within 30 days before randomization
* Chronic treatment with oral corticosteroids
* History of hyperthyroidism and/or treatment with thyroid hormone/ levothyroxine
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18-75 years, inclusive
* Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
* Hemoglobin (HbA1c) between 7.5% to 9.5%
* Prescribed an ADA accepted diet
* Receiving stable dose of metformin alone or in combination with other oral anti-diabetic medications for 90 days before Visit 1

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of type 1 diabetes or ketoacidosis
* History of chronic (more than 2 months) insulin therapy or the initiation of insulin for chronic treatment
* History of pancreatitis
* Uncontrolled hypertension
* Recent severe cardiovascular disease
* Allergy or toxic response to colesevelam or any of its components
* Body mass index (BMI) \>45 kg/m2
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. A diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus first made at age 30 years or older
2. Age 55 years or older at entry
3. Ability to provide informed consent
4. A substantially elevated risk of cardiovascular disease, indicated by:

   * A history of major macrovascular disease defined as any one of: stroke, myocardial infarction, hospital admission for transient ischaemic attack, hospital admission for unstable angina, coronary artery bypass graft, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (with or without stenting), peripheral revascularisation (angioplasty or surgery) or amputation secondary to vascular disease or
   * A history of major microvascular disease defined as any one of nephropathy (albumin:creatinine ratio \>300ug/mg), retinal photocoagulation therapy, proliferative retinopathy (new blood vessels on the disc or elsewhere, vitreous haemorrhage, pre-retinal haemorrhage, or fibrous proliferations on the disc or elsewhere), macular oedema (retinal thickening within one disc diameter of the macular centre) or blindness in either eye (corrected visual acuity 6/60 or worse, persisting for three months or more) not known to be due to non-diabetic causes or
   * A first diagnosis of type 2 diabetes made 10 or more years prior to entry or
   * Another major risk factor for vascular disease defined as any one of: current daily cigarette smoking, total cholesterol greater than 6.0 mmol/l (with or without cholesterol lowering treatment), HDL cholesterol \<1.0 mmol/l, microalbuminuria (albumin:creatinine ratio 30-300ug/mg) or
   * Age 65 years or over

Exclusion Criteria:

1. A definite contraindication to treatment with an ACE inhibitor or a thiazide-like diuretic
2. A specific indication for treatment with an ACE inhibitor other than perindopril 2-4 mg daily (see also section 5.2.3) or a thiazide-like diuretic
3. A definite and specific indication for treatment with gliclazide or a haemoglobin A1c control target of 6.5% or less
4. A definite contra-indication to treatment with gliclazide or a haemoglobin A1c control target of 6.5% or less
5. A definite indication for long-term full-dose or bed-time insulin therapy
6. Participation in a trial within the month prior to the Registration Visit or current participation in another trial

Other potential reasons for ineligibility include:

* High probability of non-adherence to study treatment or follow-up
* Current clinical instability (e.g. a major cerebral or coronary event or sight-threatening retinopathy or macular oedema within the previous few weeks)
* Life threatening non-vascular disease other than diabetes and its complications
* Moderate or severe dementia
* Major disability that is likely to prevent regular attendance at study clinics

Final decisions about eligibility were made at the discretion of the study investigator and the potential study participant, in the light of any requirements or guidance from local ethics committees and other regulatory bodies.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with type 2 DM who are no longer responsive to maximum dose of one or more oral agents.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Angina pectoris, Canadian Class I-II,
* congestive heart failure, Class III-IV,
* stroke, incapacitating or in last 6 months,
* Myocardial infarction (MI) or invasive cardiovascular procedure within the past six months,
* ongoing diabetic gangrene,
* BMI \> 40,
* hemoglobinopathy that interferes with A1c monitoring,
* serum creatinine \> 1.6 mg/dL,
* fasting C-peptide \< 0.21 pmol/ml,
* Alanine Amino Transaminase (ALT) \> 3 times normal or serum bilirubin \> 1.9 mg/dL,
* malignancy or noncardiac life-threatening diseases making life expectancy \< 5 years,
* autonomic neuropathy,
* symptomatic pancreatic insufficiency (endocrine or exocrine),
* recurrent seizures within the past year,
* hypopituitarism,
* pregnancy, lactation, or planning a pregnancy,
* active psychosis or substance abuse,
* lack of access to a person who can assist or be called in an emergency,
* underlying conditions that in the site PI's judgment may prevent adherence to protocol,
* current participation in another clinical trial

Answer: B