Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Improving Early Childhood Development in Zambia
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of a community-based early childhood development (ECD) program on children's physical and cognitive development. Under the program, targeted communities will be assigned a trained Child Development Agent (CDA) who will have four main tasks and responsibilities: 1) biweekly screening and management (including referral) of acute malnutrition in children; 2) encouragement of caregivers to utilize routine care services for children; 3) screening for symptoms of acute diseases including malaria, diarrhea, and pneumonia and referral for diagnosis and treatment; and 4) organization and mentoring of biweekly caregiver meetings to discuss parenting and promote early childhood cognitive stimulation. The investigators will enroll at baseline around 600 children ages 6 - 12 months and their caregivers, and randomize them at the community-level to receive the ECD program or to remain in the control group. The study period will be one year. At end line, the investigators will collect important indicators of child physical and cognitive development to assess program impact. If the program shows both feasibility and impact, there is the potential to integrate program interventions into existing national community-based health initiatives.

Amendment: the study period has been extended for a second year. After a five month gap when no intervention was provided, biweekly (i.e., fortnightly) community-based parenting groups were restarted in intervention clusters. In the second year of the intervention, CDAs no longer visit households.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Waitlist+EducAid; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: EducAid educational programming | Arm Label: Waitlist; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Arm Label: YRI only; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: YRI, Other: EducAid educational programming | Arm Label: YRI+EducAid; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: YRI, Other: EducAid educational programming | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: YRI; Assigned to Arm(s): YRI only, YRI+EducAid | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: EducAid educational programming; Assigned to Arm(s): Waitlist+EducAid, YRI only, YRI+EducAid
B: Arm Label: Intervention; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Psychosocial support training for school teachers | Arm Label: Control; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Psychosocial support training for school teachers; Assigned to Arm(s): Intervention
C: Arm Label: Early Childhood Development Program; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Early Childhood Development Program | Arm Label: Control; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Early Childhood Development Program; Assigned to Arm(s): Early Childhood Development Program
D: Arm Label: ARM 1: Component-Based Intervention; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Common Elements Treatment Approach | Arm Label: ARM 2: Community Group Therapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Narrative Community Group Therapy | Arm Label: ARM 3: Standby group; Type: OTHER; Interventions: Other: Standby group | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Common Elements Treatment Approach; Assigned to Arm(s): ARM 1: Component-Based Intervention | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Narrative Community Group Therapy; Assigned to Arm(s): ARM 2: Community Group Therapy | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Standby group; Assigned to Arm(s): ARM 3: Standby group

Answer: C