Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Strategies for Suspected Pulmonary Embolism in Emergency Departments - SPEED Study
Brief Summary: Aims: 1) To evaluate the effectiveness of two interventions aimed at improving the management of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism: Written guidelines and Computer-Assisted Decision Support (CADS). 2) To evaluate the impact of electronic reminders on the appropriateness of the treatment of patients with suspected PE

Design: Pragmatic, unblinded, cluster randomised controlled study.

Setting: 20 French Emergency Departments

Patients: Out patients suspected of having pulmonary embolism

Methods: Emergency physicians will prospectively complete a standardized electronic form on Personal Data Assistant (PDA), including patients' characteristics, the clinical probability if assessed, the diagnostic tests performed, the treatments initiated and the final diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. Patients will be interviewed at the end of a 3-month follow-up period using a standardized questionnaire.

The reference rate of appropriateness of the diagnostic management before intervention will be assessed in each centre. At the end of this preliminary period, the centres will be randomized in two fold two groups according to a factorial design with stratification on their reference level of appropriateness. Half of the centres will have written guidelines and half a Computer-Assisted Decision Support for the diagnosis of PE on the PDA. In each of these two main groups, half of the centres will have electronic reminders on their PDA concerning the treatment of PE.

Judgment criteria

Main : Rate of strategies considered as validated according to the results of the systematic review and meta-analysis.3

Secondary judgment criteria (diagnosis):

* Rate of strategies considered as validated or acceptable according to the opinion of international advisors.
* Rate of thromboembolic-events during a 3-month follow-up period in patients for whom pulmonary embolism will be ruled out
* Costs of the diagnostic management

Secondary judgment criteria (treatment):

* Delay between Emergency Department admission and the first dose of antithrombotic treatment in patients with high clinical probability of PE according to the Revised Geneva Score
* Rate of inappropriate treatment according to international recommendations for patients with confirmed PE.

Number of patients: By estimating that the rate of appropriateness would be 55% in the "written guidelines" group, 1331 patients are necessary to highlight an absolute superiority of 15% in the "CADS" group (rate of conformity of 70%).

The number of patients will be adjusted at the end of the preliminary period according to the level of appropriateness before interventions considering that it will improve less than 5% in the "written guidelines" group.


Options:
A: Intervention acceptance (6 months (May 2010-Nov2010))
B: Quality of otitis media care. (18 Months)
C: Change in screening and assessment of childhood obesity at the point of care, including BMI, blood pressure, and laboratory screening, and provision of nutrition and physical activity counseling (Baseline and 1 Year)
D: rate of agreement between the diagnostic criteria applied in daily practice and those validated in the scientific literature

Answer: D