Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effects and Mechanisms of Intensive Robot-Assisted Therapy in Patients With Subacute Stroke: Outcomes in Brain/Movement Reorganization, Sensorimotor and Daily Functions, and Physiological Markers.
Brief Summary: Robot-assisted training (RT) devices developed to date have a significant impact on stroke rehabilitation. Several research groups have developed the robotic devices and examined their efficacy on improving upper limb function after stroke. All these robotic devices have been applied in stroke rehabilitation and their efficacy are evaluated, but the scientific evidence for the mechanisms of RT-induced recovery, the optimal treatment intensity, and the impact on physiological responses is still lacking.

This trial is to examine (1) the immediate effects of treatment intensity in RT on sensorimotor impairments and functional performance in patients with subacute stroke; (2) the long-term benefits of treatment intensity in RT by conducting a 6-month follow up evaluation; and (3) the effects of RT on cortical/movement reorganization as well as on the physiological markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and erythrocyte deformability. These overall findings will help better understanding of the efficacy of RT on functional outcomes, brain and movement reorganization, and physiological markers.


Options:
A: Arm Label: High Intensity; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Bilateral movements and neuromuscular electrical stimulation | Arm Label: Low Intensity; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Bilateral movements and neuromuscular electrical stimulation | Arm Label: Control; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Bilateral movements and sham electrical stimulation | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Bilateral movements and neuromuscular electrical stimulation; Assigned to Arm(s): High Intensity | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Bilateral movements and neuromuscular electrical stimulation; Assigned to Arm(s): Low Intensity | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Bilateral movements and sham electrical stimulation; Assigned to Arm(s): Control
B: Arm Label: Early mobilization; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Early mobilization | Arm Label: Control; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Early mobilization; Assigned to Arm(s): Early mobilization
C: Arm Label: Higher-intensity RT group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: RT, Behavioral: Conventional rehabilitation (CR) | Arm Label: Lower-intensity RT group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: RT, Behavioral: Conventional rehabilitation (CR) | Arm Label: Conventional rehabilitation (CR) group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Conventional rehabilitation (CR) | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: RT; Assigned to Arm(s): Higher-intensity RT group, Lower-intensity RT group | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Conventional rehabilitation (CR); Assigned to Arm(s): Conventional rehabilitation (CR) group, Higher-intensity RT group, Lower-intensity RT group
D: Arm Label: group 1: standard physiotherapy; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: standard physiotherapy | Arm Label: group 2: experimental physiotherapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: experimental physiotherapy | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: standard physiotherapy; Assigned to Arm(s): group 1: standard physiotherapy | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: experimental physiotherapy; Assigned to Arm(s): group 2: experimental physiotherapy

Answer: C