Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Improving Adherence to Smoking Cessation Medication Among PLWHA
Brief Summary: Smoking rates among individuals living with HIV/AIDS range between 47% and 65%, a prevalence that is roughly three times the rate of the general population. This elevated prevalence is alarming given the increased likelihood of numerous adverse health outcomes experienced by HIV-positive smokers. Cigarette smoking is associated with greater levels of HIV-related symptom burden and appears to decrease the effectiveness of HAART as assessed by both viral load and CD4 counts (Vidrine 2009, Marshall 2009, Vidrine 2007, Miguez-Burbane 2005). PLWHA who smoke are also at increased risk of infections and noninfectious pulmonary complications and both AIDS-associated and non-AIDS-associated malignancies compared to nonsmokers. This study will refine and pilot test a theory-driven smoking cessation intervention that enhances existing behavioral approaches by testing the impact of text message reminders to take varenicline and the feasibility and additional impact of including adherence-focused behavioral cessation counseling. The investigators propose to randomize 190 participants, recruited from three HIV/AIDS clinic, to a three arm pilot study that compares: 1) Standard Care (SC), 2) SC + text message reminders, and 3) SC + text message reminders + cell phone-delivered adherence-focused behavioral therapy (ABT). Participants in all three arms will receive varenicline for 12 weeks. The primary outcomes are adherence to varenicline and biochemically validated smoking abstinence at 12 weeks and 3-month follow-up from the time of study enrollment.


Options:
A: Arm Label: UC; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Usual Care | Arm Label: WEB+TXT; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: WEB+TXT | Arm Label: WEB+TXT+TTS; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: WEB+TXT+TTS | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Usual Care; Assigned to Arm(s): UC | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: WEB+TXT; Assigned to Arm(s): WEB+TXT | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: WEB+TXT+TTS; Assigned to Arm(s): WEB+TXT+TTS
B: Arm Label: Intervention; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Photoaging mobile app promoting poster campaign. | Arm Label: Control; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Photoaging mobile app promoting poster campaign.; Assigned to Arm(s): Intervention
C: Arm Label: Standard Care; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Varenicline | Arm Label: Standard Care + Text message; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Varenicline, Behavioral: Text Message | Arm Label: Standard Care + Text Message + ABT; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Varenicline, Behavioral: Text Message, Behavioral: Adherence Behavioral Therapy | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Varenicline; Assigned to Arm(s): Standard Care, Standard Care + Text Message + ABT, Standard Care + Text message | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Text Message; Assigned to Arm(s): Standard Care + Text Message + ABT, Standard Care + Text message | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Adherence Behavioral Therapy; Assigned to Arm(s): Standard Care + Text Message + ABT
D: Arm Label: AAR+Behavioral Intervention (EXP); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Ask, Advise, Refer, Behavioral: Telebased tobacco counseling, Device: Mobile phone smoking cessation application, Drug: Nicotine polacrilex | Arm Label: AAR+Attention Control Intervention (CTL); Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Ask, Advise, Refer, Behavioral: Telebased nutrition counseling, Device: Mobile phone nutrition application | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Ask, Advise, Refer; Assigned to Arm(s): AAR+Attention Control Intervention (CTL), AAR+Behavioral Intervention (EXP) | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Telebased tobacco counseling; Assigned to Arm(s): AAR+Behavioral Intervention (EXP) | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Telebased nutrition counseling; Assigned to Arm(s): AAR+Attention Control Intervention (CTL) | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Mobile phone smoking cessation application; Assigned to Arm(s): AAR+Behavioral Intervention (EXP) | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Mobile phone nutrition application; Assigned to Arm(s): AAR+Attention Control Intervention (CTL) | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Nicotine polacrilex; Assigned to Arm(s): AAR+Behavioral Intervention (EXP)

Answer: C