Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effects of Ventilation-Feedback Training on Exercise Performance in COPD
Brief Summary: The primary objective of the study is to determine whether individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) who complete ventilation-feedback training combined with a moderately-high intensity exercise and upper body strength program will demonstrate significantly longer exercise duration on a constant work rate treadmill test when compared to subjects who are randomly assigned to a moderately-high intensity exercise and upper body strength training program without ventilation-feedback or ventilation-feedback only. Secondary study objectives are to determine whether individuals with COPD who complete ventilation-feedback training combined with a moderately-high intensity exercise and upper body strength training program will demonstrate significantly: (a) greater exercise tolerance and aerobic power; (b) lower perception of breathlessness during progressive and constant work rate leg-cycle and treadmill exercise testing; (c) higher tidal volume and lower breathing frequency during constant work rate and at any given workload during progressive testing; (d) lower score on the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire indicating improved quality of life; (e) higher transition focal score (less dyspnea) on the Transition Dyspnea Index; (f) maintain a sustained breathing-pattern adjustment to exercise when compared to subjects who are randomly assigned to a moderately-high intensity exercise and upper body strength program without ventilation-feedback or ventilation-feedback only.


Options:
A: Arm Label: I; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: Conical Positive Expiratory Pressure Device (C-PEP) | Arm Label: C; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Control breathing | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Conical Positive Expiratory Pressure Device (C-PEP); Assigned to Arm(s): I | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Control breathing; Assigned to Arm(s): C
B: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: ventilation feedback, Behavioral: exercise | Arm Label: 2; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: exercise | Arm Label: 3; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: ventilation feedback | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: ventilation feedback; Assigned to Arm(s): 1, 3 | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: exercise; Assigned to Arm(s): 1, 2
C: Arm Label: FT; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Breathlessness Intervention Service (BIS) | Arm Label: WL; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Best supportive care (Standard care) | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Breathlessness Intervention Service (BIS); Assigned to Arm(s): FT | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Best supportive care (Standard care); Assigned to Arm(s): WL
D: Arm Label: Control Group; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Arm Label: Diaphragmatic breathing training; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Diaphragmatic breathing training | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Diaphragmatic breathing training; Assigned to Arm(s): Diaphragmatic breathing training

Answer: B