Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Noninvasive Brain Stimulation for Stroke Improvement
Brief Summary: Noninvasive brain stimulations will be used in acute and chronic stroke patients to improve a variety of functions.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. persons affected by first supratentorial stroke, whose onset time is 25±7 days;
2. upper limb hemiparesis;
3. cognitive and speech abilities sufficient to understand instructions and to provide informed consent;
4. absence of intense pain due to passive wrist mobilization assessed by VAS \< 3 (range 0-10);
5. ability to provide written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. previous epilepsy seizures;
2. severe electroencephalographic anomalies;
3. previous neurosurgery interventions involving metallic elements placement;
4. ongoing anticonvulsant drugs treatment
5. inability to keep sitting posture;
6. severe sensory deficits;
7. general clinical complication preventing delivery of rehabilitation treatment.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults
* Unilateral stroke
* More than 6 months after stroke
* Ability to walk during 10 minutes without stopping
* Informed consent signed

Exclusion Criteria :

* Patient with pacemaker
* Claustrophobia (unable to perform a magnetic resonance imaging analysis)
* Patient with severe aphasia or severe cognitive disorder interfering the follow-up of the trial
* Neuro-orthopedic surgery history in the last 6 months on the studied paretic lower limb
* Epilepsy history in the last year
* Lack of medical insurance
* Adult patient under the care of a guardian
* Patient with progressive concomitant disease
* Patient with deep brain stimulation treatment (implantation of medical device)
* Patient with implantation of Intracranial metallic clip
* Patient with implantation of Intracranial stent
* Patient with implantation of ventriculoperitoneal derivation
* Patient with implantation of intracerebral or ocular prosthetic materials
* Patient with ferro-magnetic foreign object
* Patient with cochlear implant
* Patient with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. first ever ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke patients identified by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
2. age between 40 and 80 years old
3. have a stroke over 6 months
4. unilateral hemiplegia
5. Fugl-Meyer assessment-upper extremity (FMA-UE) score≦29 when selection
6. poststroke elbow flexor spasticity less than 2 using modified Ashworth scale (MAS)
7. no severe anesthesia (FMA sensory test, upper extremity score≧10 )
8. no wrist and finger joint pain
9. clear consciousness, can understand simple sentences and spoken orders, and co-operate manipulation
10. can accept motor training in the sitting position for approximately 30 minutes.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Suffer from other orthopedic diseases (such as severe arthritis), nerve damage (such as peripheral nerve damage), or severe pain, which influences upper extremity motor
2. have a medical history or family history of epilepsy
3. regularly take central nervous system drugs (such as sedatives), or the Class III antiarrhythmic drugs (such as amiodarone)
4. have atopic dermatitis or skin disorders of the scalp
5. have allergy to anesthetic medicines of the acyl amine
6. have a metal implant in the head or neck, or serious arrhythmia (the heartbeat is less than 50 beats per minute or higher than 100 beats per minute); or use a pacemaker or atrial defibrillator
7. suffer from congenital or idiopathic methemoglobinemia. Aphasia is not an exclusion criterion, but the patients should understand simple spoken orders.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* stroke with at least slight deficit

Exclusion Criteria:

* epilepsy
* contraindication to tDCS and/or to fMRI
* presence of metal in the head
* unability to understand / complete behavioural tasks
* chronic intake of alcohol or recreative drugs
* major health condition
* presence of pacemaker
* pregnancy

Answer: D