Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effectiveness of an Intervention of Urban Training in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): a Randomised Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: This project plans on a training intervention by using public spaces and urban walkable trails, adapted to each patient needs and capabilities. Primary objective is to assess 12 months effectiveness of the intervention with respect to: (primary outcome): physical activity level, and (secondary outcomes): COPD admissions, exercise capacity, body composition, quality of life, and mental health.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. patients with COPD
2. age 8 and 75 (both included)
3. index BODE's 3-7 ( BODE Iindex for Body-mass index, airflow Obstruction, Dyspnea, and Exercise)
4. clinical stability, understood as not having an exacerbation (\*) of the COPD and do not require treatment with antibiotics, corticoids systemic and/or hospitalization, at least in the 30 days prior to their inclusion
5. has given his consent
6. capable of using technology
7. the subject is willing and is able to meet all the requirements of the study. \* Exacerbation : Exacerbation means worsening of two or more of the following main symptoms for at least 2 consecutive days: dyspnea, volume of sputum; Sputum purulence o worsening of any main symptom along with one of the following symptoms for at least 2 consecutive days: sore throat; Cold ( nasal congestion); Fever without any other cause; Cough; Wheezing

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Osteo-muscular pathology that limit or preclude the exercises
2. Presence of heart disease which limit exercise program
3. patients with bronchiectasis or other several of COPD respiratory disorders
4. comorbidity that prevent respiratory rehabilitation of maintenance program
5. less than 2 years life expectancy
6. any unstable medical or psychiatric process or substance abuse which, in the opinion of the investigator, would affect the ability of the patient to complete the study or impede their participation in the study
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* age \> 45 years
* COPD diagnosed by pulmonary function tests during clinical stability, with a ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) ≤ 0.70
* clinical stability, defined as at least 4 weeks without antibiotics or oral corticosteroids.

Exclusion Criteria:

* living \>6 months/year outside of the included municipalities,
* living to a distance higher than 500 meters to any of the urban trails used for the study,
* mental disability according to the Mini Mental State Examination in its validated Spanish version
* comorbidity that could interfere with study tests (e.g., lower limb amputation)
* severe psychiatric disease or severe comorbidity limiting survival at one year, according to medical history.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Being over 50 and under 90 years of age.
* Being diagnosed with COPD according to the criteria of GesEPOC, with severe airflow obstruction defined as a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) less than 50% of theoretical.
* "Exacerbator phenotype" defined as COPD patients having two or more moderate or severe exacerbations per year (GesEPOC guide). These exacerbations should be separated by at least 4 weeks after the end of previous treatment or 6 weeks from the start in cases that have not been treated
* Clinically stable condition, defined as 6 weeks without clinical symptoms since the last exacerbation of COPD.
* Having home oxygen therapy.
* Sign the informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability of the patient or caregiver to understand the procedure of Telehealth program.
* Have a life expectancy of less than one year.
* Have terminal heart failure (NYHA functional class III-IV).
* Having advanced renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance \<30%) or be on dialysis program.
* Have liver cirrhosis or be included in a program of liver transplantation.
* Be institutionalized or in Residential hospice care.
* Having a mini-mental test-score less than 24, because this score suggests dementia
* To be considered by your doctor as not comply the treatment or monitoring required by their lung disease.
* Failure to meet any of the inclusion criteria.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

To be eligible for inclusion in this study Patients fulfil all of the following criteria:

1. Written informed consent obtained before any assessment is performed.
2. Male and female patients ≥ 40 years of age
3. Diagnosis of COPD \[post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1) \<80% predicted and FEV1/ forced vital capacity (FVC) \<75% without significant post-bronchodilator reversibility (\<10% FEV1 % predicted normal)\]
4. Optimal medical treatment according to GOLD without regular use of systemic corticosteroids
5. Current or ex-smokers with a smoking history equivalent to at least 10 pack years (1 pack year = 20 cigarettes smoked per day for 1 year)
6. Absence of other significant diseases that could contribute to exercise limitation
7. At least 2 COPD exacerbations the year before the time entry

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients fulfilling any of the following criteria are not eligible for inclusion in this study. No additional exclusions are applied by the investigator, in order to ensure that the study population will be representative of all eligible patients.

1. Orthopedic, neurological or other complaints that significantly impair normal biomechanical movement patterns, as judged by the investigator. Specifically if the patients' condition/ co-morbidities are such that physical activity cannot be increased.
2. Respiratory diseases other than COPD (e.g. asthma)
3. Cognitive reading impairment and/or difficulties to manage electronic devices precluding interaction with the tablet, as judged by the investigator
4. Patients not on optimal pharmacotherapy
5. No COPD exacerbations the year before the time entry

Answer: B