Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Combined Atropine With Orthokeratology in Childhood Myopia Control (AOK) -A Randomized Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: This study aims to compare effects in retardation of myopia progression of combined ortho-k and 0.01% atropine therapy with those of ortho-k alone.Myopia control methods mainly focus on optical and pharmaceutical interventions . Currently, overnight-wear orthokeratology (ortho-k), is used extensively in Hong Kong with approximately 50% retardation effect. Pharmaceutical methods have focused on the use of atropine eye drops to slow myopic progression.The use of 1% atropine was limited by the manifestation of side effects and rebound effect.However, both side effect and rebound effect was minimal with 0.01% atropine.It was suggested that 0.01% was the optimum concentration for controlling myopia.The mechanisms of neither ortho-k nor atropine in myopia control are fully understood.It is believed that ortho-k and atropine act via different mechanisms.It is possible that by combining these two methods, additional retardation of myopia progression could be achieved.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* 6 to 10 years old
* Myopia: between 0.50 D and 4.00 D in both eyes
* Astigmatism: \<1.50 D; ≤ 1.25 D for with-the-rule astigmatism (axes 180 ± 30); ≤ 0.50 D for astigmatism of other axes in both eyes
* Anisometropia: ≤ 1.50 D
* Symmetrical corneal topography with corneal toricity \<2.00 D in both eyes
* Agree for randomization

Exclusion Criteria:

* Contraindications for orthokeratology wear (e.g. limbus-to-limbus corneal cylinder and dislocated corneal apex)
* Any type of strabismus or amblyopia
* Myopic treatment (e.g. refractive surgery and progressive lens wear for myopic control) before and during the study period
* Rigid contact lenses (including orthokeratology lenses) experience
* Systemic condition which might affect refractive development (for example, Down syndrome, Marfan's syndrome)
* Ocular conditions which might affect the refractive error (for example, cataract, ptosis)
* Poor compliance for lens wear or follow-up
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Grade of 1 to 5 in elementary schools and grade of 7 to 8 in secondary schools.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Visual defect or other eye diseases; wearing orthokeratology; refractive surgery history.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Be between 8 and 12 years of age inclusive.
* Best-corrected visual acuity by manifest refraction of +0.10 logMAR.
* Spherical Equivalent Refractive Error between -0.75 and -4.00 D
* inclusive astigmatism: \< -0.75 D and anisometropia: \< 1.00 D
* Possess wearable and visually functional eyeglasses.
* Agree to wear the assigned contact lenses for a minimum of 10 hours per day, - at least 6 days per week, for the duration of the 3 year study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subject has previously or currently wears contact lenses or rigid gas permeable contact lenses, including orthokeratology lenses.
* Subject is currently or within 30 days prior to this study has been an active participant in another clinical study.
* Current or prior use of bifocals, progressive addition lenses, atropine, pirenzepine or ANY other myopia control treatment.
* Regular use of ocular medications (prescription or over-the-counter), artificial tears, or wetting agents.
* Current use of systemic medications which may significantly affect contact lens wear, tear film production, pupil size, accommodation or refractive state.
* A known allergy to fluorescein, benoxinate, proparacaine or tropicamide.
* Strabismus by cover test at far (4 m) or near (40 cm) wearing distance correction.
* Any ocular, systemic or neuro-developmental conditions that could influence refractive development.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Manifest myopia between 1.00-4.00D in both eyes at screening visit
* Manifest astigmatism ≤2.50D; with-the-rule astigmatism (axes 180 ± 30) ≤2.50D; astigmatism with other axes ≤0.50D in both eyes at screening visit
* \<1.00D difference in manifest spherical equivalent (SE) between the two eyes at screening visit
* Baseline cycloplegic objective refraction between 1.00-4.00D in sphere; astigmatism ≤2.50D; \<1.00D difference in manifest SE between the two eyes
* Best-corrected logMAR visual acuity 0.10 or better in both eyes
* Symmetrical corneal topography with corneal toricity \<2.00D in either eye
* Normal ocular health other than myopia
* Agree to be randomized and to attend the scheduled visits and aftercare

Exclusion Criteria:

* Contraindications to atropine: known allergies or cardiovascular disease, epilepsy
* Contraindications to contact lens wear and ortho-k: corneal scar, history of ocular inflammation/infection, limbus-to-limbus corneal cylinder and dislocated corneal apex
* Strabismus or amblyopia
* History of myopia control treatment (e.g. soft contact lenses, progressive add spectacles, atropine eye drops)
* Rigid contact lens (including ortho-k) wear experience
* Systemic condition which might affect refractive development (for example, Down syndrome, Marfan's syndrome)
* Ocular conditions which might affect refractive error (for example, cataract, ptosis)
* Poor response to lens wear including poor lens handling, poor vision and/ocular response after lens modifications
* Poor compliance with schedule visits

Answer: D