Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Group Therapy for Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: a Randomized Multicenter Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: This is the first randomized controlled study that tests the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral group therapy (CBT) on adolescents with ADHD who were in pharmacological treatment but still presented persistent symptoms.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. meet DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for ADHD-combined type;
2. estimated IQ of 75 or higher;
3. agree to comply with the randomly assigned treatment condition;
4. enrolled in full time school at first grade level or higher; AND
5. have a primary teacher available to complete ratings for the entire study duration.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. current or past history of seizures (not including benign febrile seizures) or other neurological disorders;
2. physical conditions that preclude administration of Strattera or other medical illness that might confound study results or increase the safety risk to subjects exposed to study treatments (i.e. marked cardiac conduction delay, etc.);
3. prior failed trial of Strattera defined as 3 weeks or more on a daily dose of Strattera of at least .8mg/kg or a documented inability to tolerate at least .8mg/kg/day;
4. serious forms of psychopathology other than ADHD, such autism, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia or any other psychopathology requiring urgent treatment with psychotropic medication; OR
5. children for whom discontinuation of their current psychotropic medication would represent a serious risk to themselves or others.

The presence of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Conduct Disorder (CD) or learning disabilities will not result in exclusion from the study as they are commonly occurring comorbidities that have not been found to moderate response to ADHD treatments (Jensen et al., 2001). Enrollment in special education services will also not be an exclusionary criteria as work by this research group has found that such services do not affect response to ADHD treatments (Niemic, Fabiano, Pelham, \& Fuller, 2002).
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Attending a participating school and in 2-5th grade
* Referral by LSP as a child with apparent ADHD-related problems
* ≥ 6 symptoms (item score ≥ 2) of Inattention or Hyperactivity-Impulsivity on the pooled parent and teacher Child Symptom Inventory
* ≥ 3 on the Impairment Rating Scale by parent and teacher (cross-situational impairment)
* FSIQ or VIQ ≥ 80 (necessary for cognitive demands of the child skills curriculum)
* Caretaker consents to participate in treatment, child assents to participate

Exclusion Criteria:

* Presence of conditions that are incompatible with this study's treatment.
* severe visual or hearing impairment,
* severe language delay,
* psychosis,
* pervasive developmental disorder
* Parent or child does not read or speak English or does not read or speak Spanish for our Spanish language implementation of CLS (inability to complete assessment measures or participate in group treatments).
* Child is in an all-day special education classroom (children in these classrooms are frequently receiving intensive behavior modification programs such that the intervention would be expected to require modification for use in these settings)
* Children taking psychotropic medication for any reason other than to treat ADHD
* Children planning to change (start or stop) psychotropic medication
* Children who have changed a regimen of psychotropic medication (started or stopped) within 30 days prior to screening
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* clinical diagnosis of child ADHD
* full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) ≥70
* stable on medication for ADHD children at least 3 months

Exclusion Criteria:

* individuals with major neurological disorders
* a diagnosis of schizophrenia, epilepsy, mental retardation or other brain disorders
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* DSM-IV ADHD diagnosis
* age between 15 and 21 years
* stabilized doses of medication for ADHD for at least 2 months prior to the study
* agreement not to seek out any other psychiatric or psychological treatment during the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* affective disorders
* anxiety disorders
* psychotic disorders
* personality disorders
* substance use disorders in the past 6 months
* pervasive developmental disorder
* patients with an IQ lower than 85
* patients receiving concurrent psychological interventions.

Answer: D