Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Treatment of Neuropathic Pain With Spinal Cord Stimulation and Physiotherapy for More Effective Pain Relief, Increased Physical Activity and Improved Health Related Quality of Life
Brief Summary: The study evaluates the combined effect of optimized pharmacological treatment, spinal cord stimulation and physiotherapy on pain relief, health-related quality of life and physical function in patients with neuropathic pain. All patients will receive optimized pharmacological treatment before start of spinal cord stimulation treatment. Half of the participants will be randomized to physiotherapy before start of spinal cord stimulation treatment while the other half will start physiotherapy after spinal cord stimulation treatment.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Neuropathic pain \> 6 months
* Pain intensity ≥ 5 according to NRS (for neuropathic pain component to be treated with SCS)
* Known cause of the pain
* Neuroanatomical correlation to the pain
* ≥50% of the painful area is to be treated with SCS
* The patient has a physical and psychological health status that allows the patient to participate in physiotherapy and undergo SCS implantation.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Not able to undergo SCS implantation
* Inadequate knowledge of the Swedish language
* Alcohol or substance abuse
* Severe untreated psychiatric disorders including psychiatric disease and/or psychological conditions which are the primary determinant to the patient's pain condition
* Incapacitating pain conditions of other causes than neuropathic pain
* Pregnancy
* Insufficient compliance
* Malignant disease with short expected survival
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patient must be willing and able to provide written informed consent prior to any clinical investigation-related procedure.
2. Age ≥ 18 years
3. Patient has chronic (at least 6 months), refractory axial low back pain with a neuropathic component and is not a candidate for spine surgery
4. Patient has back pain for ≥ 6 months inadequately responsive to supervised conservative care
5. Patient has not had spine surgery for back or leg pain
6. Patient is a candidate for spinal cord stimulation
7. Low back pain ≥ 6 on Numerical Rating Scale
8. Oswestry Disability Index score of ≥ 30%
9. Willing and able to comply with the instructions for use, operate the study device, and comply with this Clinical Investigation Plan

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Pathology seen on imaging tests obtained within the past 12 months that is clearly identified and is likely the cause of the CLBP, that can be addressed with surgery.
2. Primary complaint of leg pain, or leg pain is greater than back pain
3. Back pain is due to any of the following:

   * spinal instability defined as \> 2 mm translation on radiographic imaging
   * visceral causes (e.g., endometriosis or fibroids)
   * vascular causes (e.g., aortic aneurysm)
   * spinal infection (e.g., osteomyelitis)
   * inflammation or damage to the spinal cord (e.g. arachnoiditis or syringomyelia)
   * tumor or spinal metastases
4. Has widespread pain (e.g. fibromyalgia) or pain in other area(s), not intended to be treated in this study (e.g. neck pain, shoulder pain)
5. Patient has seronegative spondyloarthropathy (e.g. rheumatoid, lupus, psoriatic)
6. Neurological deficit (e.g. foot drop)
7. Prior lumbar spine surgery or sacroiliac joint fusion
8. Patient has used a morphine equivalent daily dose of more than 50 MME in the last 30 days
9. Patient is bed bound
10. Patients with regular intake of systemic steroids (except inhaled steroids used to treat asthma)
11. Imaging (MRI, CT, X-ray) findings within the last 12 months that contraindicates lead placement
12. Known allergic reaction to implanted materials
13. Severe scoliotic deformity (\>11 degrees in thoracic or lumbar spine)
14. Patient has a history of, or existing intrathecal drug pump
15. Patient has previous experience with neuromodulation devices, including a failed trial
16. BMI \> 40
17. Patient is enrolled, or intends to participate, in another clinical drug and/or device study or registry that may interfere with the results of this study, as determined by Abbott personnel
18. Presence of other anatomic or comorbid conditions, or other medical, social, or psychological conditions that, in the investigator's opinion, could limit the subject's ability to participate in the clinical investigation or to comply with follow-up requirements of the clinical investigation results.
19. Failed psychological evaluation
20. Suspicion or evidence of untreated mental illness, or substance abuse
21. Patient demonstrated 2 or more Waddell's signs of nonorganic behavior
22. Patient is in current litigation for back pain/injury, or is currently receiving worker's compensation
23. Pregnant or nursing subjects and those who plan pregnancy during the clinical investigation follow-up period.

    * Female subjects of child-bearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test done within 7 days prior to enrollment/baseline visit per site standard test.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Has chronic refractory pain associated with one of the conditions currently approved for spinal cord stimulation as follows: Failed Back Syndrome, Degenerative Disk Disease (DDD), Herniated Disk pain refractory to conservative and surgical interventions, Peripheral Causalgia, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) or Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD).
* Primary pain in the lower half of the body.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Requires, or will in the future, diathermy treatments.
* Had implanted spinal cord stimulation system within the last six months.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. A diagnosis of primary or idiopathic erythromelalgia
2. Patients ≥18 years who have developed chronic pain that has remained refractory to medical treatment for ≥6 months.
3. Minimum pain intensity of 5/10 on a numeric rating scale NRS at baseline.
4. Successful two-week SCS testing period with tonic stimulation (≥2 points reduction in pain NRS from baseline). This means patients will experience paresthesia during the trial period of spinal cord stimulation.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Coexisting conditions that would increase procedural risk (e.g., sepsis, coagulopathy).
2. History of laminectomy or posterior fusion at the thoracolumbar junction, where percutaneous electrode end tips are routinely placed.
3. Abnormal pain behavior and/or unresolved psychiatric illness.
4. Unresolved issues of secondary gain or inappropriate medication use.
5. Unfit for participation for any other reason as judged by the study physician.

Answer: A