Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Project 2 (Mayo): Transfusion-Induced Alterations of Pulmonary and Immune Function in Mechanically Ventilated Patients
Brief Summary: Specific aim: To test whether transfusion of leukoreduced red cells of lesser storage time (versus conventional storage time) reduces mild alterations in pulmonary function and immune activation in critically ill patients with mechanically ventilated lungs.

We propose to perform a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial in critically ill patients whose lungs are mechanically ventilated, and who have orders to receive transfusion of at least one unit of packed red cells, comparing pulmonary function between patients randomly allocated to receive a unit of red cells stored for 5 days or less, with similar patients randomly allocated to receive a unit of red cells stored conventionally (median 21 days). We will test the hypothesis that transfusion of red cells of lesser storage age, (5 days or less) will produce the less changes of pulmonary function and immune activation than will transfusion of red cells of conventional storage age (median 21 days).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients, male or female, any race or ethnicity, age 18 years or older, in one of the seven adult critical care units of the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, with mechanically ventilated lungs, requiring elective transfusion of at least one unit of red cells

Exclusion Criteria:

* transfusion of any blood component within the previous 2 hours, emergency transfusion or hemodynamic instability defined by other than a stable dose of vasoactive medications.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* healthy
* male body weight \>130 lbs, female body weight \> 155 lbs
* male height \>5'1", female height \>5'5"
* hemoglobin \>13.3 g/dL

Exclusion Criteria:

* ineligible for donation based on the New York Blood Center autologous blood donor questionnaire
* systolic blood pressure \>180 or \<90 mm Hg
* diastolic blood pressure \>100 or \<50 mm Hg
* heart rate \<50 or \>100
* temperature \>99.5 F prior to donation
* temperature \>100.4 F or subjective feeling of illness prior to transfusion
* positive results on standard blood donor infectious disease testing
* pregnancy.
C: Inclusion Criteria:Children aged 6 - 59 months admitted at Acute care Unit - Mulago hospital with;

1. A positive B/S for malaria
2. Severe anemia ( Hb ≤ 5 g/dl) and
3. Lactic Acidosis (Blood lactate ≥ 5 mmol/l)
4. Written informed consent from the caretaker.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Children undergoing transfusion with blood products other than packed cells.
2. Children with known or concurrent cardiac disease.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Blunt trauma mechanism of brain injury
* Glasgow Coma Score - motor component ≤ 5 (not following commands) on the post-resuscitation neurologic exam
* Available for enrollment and administration of study drug within 6 hours of injury

Exclusion Criteria:

* Penetrating trauma (i.e. gun shot wounds)
* Glasgow Coma Score = 3 and bilateral fixed and dilated pupils
* Abbreviated Injury Scale score \> 5 for any body part except brain
* Severe pre-existing chronic disease
* Uncontrolled hypertension, defined as mean arterial pressure \> 130mmHg despite antihypertensive treatment
* Known hypersensitivity to mammalian cell-derived products or human albumin
* Currently taking anticoagulants

Answer: A