Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Pulsed Short Wave in Females With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial
Brief Summary: Study design: Randomized clinical trial. Objective: To evaluate the effect of PSW treatment in different doses and to compare to the control and placebo group.

Background: Several forms of conservative treatment have been the focus of many recent studies in knee osteoarthritis (OA). Among these techniques, the application of pulsed short wave has been widely used, but the optimal dose and application time still have not been well established.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* The female subjects were included if they were over 40 with knee primary grade II or III OA, based on Gupta et al radiographic criteria2, and joint or anterior knee pain for at least 3 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

* We excluded patients with a history of surgery or any invasive procedure of the affected knee, physical therapy for knee injuries or any medication that had changed in the last 3 months, other diseases changing function, and patients who presented any contraindication for PSW application, especially metallic implants, pacemakers, lack of sensitivity, or tumor.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* patients referred from general practitioner, chiropractor or orthopaedic surgeon
* unilateral hip pain of minimum 3 months' duration
* radiology criteria for hip OA: joint space width (JSW) \< 2.0 mm or a side difference in JSW of \> 10%
* adequate mastering of the Danish language to complete instructions and questionnaires

Exclusion Criteria:

* inflammatory joint disease
* previous hip or knee alloplastic
* secondary arthritis due to hip fracture or infection
* bilateral hip pain
* hip dysplasia with a CE angle \> 25 degrees and an AA angle \> 10 degrees
* low back pain which dominates over the hip pain
* malignant disease
* patients with paresis or paralysis after neuromuscular, cerebrovascular or polyneuropathic disease
* hip pain resulting from labral tear, bursitis and/or snapping hip syndrome
* polyarthritis
* received manual treatment for the hip within the last year
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* English speaking adults (\>18 years of age)
* Provided with a diagnosis of knee OA by a physician
* Self-report of having experienced pain and disability related to knee OA for at least 6 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Skin conditions in which application of phototherapy may be contra-indicated (skin cancer, people receiving radiation therapy)
* History of total joint arthroplasty of the affected knee
* Red flags suggestive of non-musculoskeletal etiology (i.e. fever/chills, unrelenting night pain, multi-segmental or bilateral loss of sensation, sudden unexplained weight loss).
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* • Female subjects aged 60 years and over, non-obese (BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg / m2), with diagnosis of knee OA according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (Altman et al. , 1986), which are: knee pain most of the day during the last weeks and age greater than 60 years (mandatory criteria), and at least two of the following criteria: stiffness after rest less than 30 minutes, crackle in the affected knee , joint increase of firm consistency, absence of temperature increase and painful hypersensitivity to palpation;

  * Individuals with radiographic signs of degeneration of the knee joint;
  * Individuals with any degree of degeneration according to the Kellgren-Lawrence scale;
  * Individuals with a pain scale above 3 according to NPRS;
  * Stiffness in the knee for at least 6 months prior to screening;
  * Stiffness during the beginning of activities;
  * Intermittent swelling;
  * Never have used KT;
  * Individuals with no history of associated joint disease or systemic rheumatic disease and / or history of surgery in the affected lower limb;
  * Individuals who are not under physiotherapeutic treatment during the intervention;
  * Individuals without neurological, vestibular, visual or auditory deficits that make evaluations impossible.

Exclusion Criteria:

* • Individuals who report pain during the procedure;

  * Individuals who do not complete the treatment time or who do not perform the evaluation procedures correctly, making it impossible to collect any of the data investigated;
  * Individuals with allergy to bandage or cutaneous injury in the region where KT will be applied;
  * Individuals who present hypertensive peak during the evaluations.

Answer: A