Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Phase Four Double-Blind Randomized Comparative Study on Thestudy on the Efficacy of Memantine Hydrochloride and Escitalopram for the Treatment of Co-Morbid Depression and Alcoholism
Brief Summary: The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of memantine, a noncompetitive NMDA receptor blocker, in depression co-morbid with long term alcohol heavy use comparing to SSRI-inhibitor, escitalopram. Second goal is to compare their influence to cognitive tasks and the third goal is to follow up alcohol-use with these two medicines.


Options:
A: - Outpatients aged 18 to 75 years old with nonpsychotic major depressive disorder (HAMD score 14 or greater)
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. The subject/patient is able to read and understand the subject/patient information sheet.
2. Prior to any screening procedures, the subject/patient must have signed the informed consent form. No study-related procedures may be performed before the subject/patient has signed the form.
3. Age 25-70 years
4. Heavy alcohol consumption (males more than 5 doses/ day, female more than 4 doses/day) for at least 10 years
5. Alcohol dependence (DSM-IV) assessed by SCID-I interview.
6. Major depression (DSM-IV) assessed by SCID-I interview. At least 4 weeks past from the previous inpatient treatment for AWS (alcohol withdrawal syndrome).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Other drug dependence (screened by urine test)
2. Other serious mental illness (DSM-IV)
3. Hazard of suicide
4. Pregnancy
5. Serious kidney, hart or thyroid problem
6. The subject/patient, in the opinion of the investigator, is unlikely to comply with the clinical study protocol or is unsuitable for any reason.
7. Liver cirrhosis or liver enzymes ASAT tai ALAT \>200.
8. The person that met the criteria stated in the Finnish Law on Clinical Studies, paragraph 7-10§ (children, pregnant, imamates or mentally handicapped).
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male and female outpatients 18 75 years of age.
* Patients must have met DSM-IV criteria for (primary or substance-induced) major depressive episode prior to randomization.
* Patients must have a current DSM-IV diagnosis of alcohol dependence.
* Patients must have a total score of 10 or higher on the Hamilton Depression Scaleat the day of randomization. Also, item 1 on the scale must be \> 1.
* Patients must have drank sufficient alcohol in the month prior to coming for treatment so that a practical assessment in reductions in drinking during and after treatment can be performed. The guidelines we will follow for this study as to what we think is sufficient will be that the patient in the month prior to coming to treatment will have drank on 40% or more of the days or drank more than 40 standard drinks (an average of 10 drinks per week).
* Patients must have successfully completed medical detoxification for alcohol (are abstinent for 4 consecutive days) or if medical detoxification is not indicated, have been abstinent for 4 consecutive days since coming to treatment but before initiating the study medication/placebo.
* Females of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test and not contemplating pregnancy within the next 6 months. They must also use a contraceptive method judged by the investigator to be effective.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with evidence of opiate use in the past 30 days as assessed by self-report and intake urine drug screens (only one repeat testing permitted). Patients with a history of treatment for opiate dependence will be excluded.
* Patients who, within the past year, met DSM IV criteria for dependence on any psychoactive substance other than alcohol or nicotine. Patients who test positive on the urine drug screen (with the exception of THC) at the initial visit (only one repeat testing permitted).
* Patients who meet DSM-IV criteria for past history or current disorder of schizophrenia or any psychotic disorder, or bipolar disorder.
* Patients with evidence or history of significant hematological, pulmonary, endocrine, cardiovascular, renal or gastrointestinal disease. (If there is a history of such disease but the condition has been stable for more than one year and is judged by the investigator not to interfere with the patient's participation in the study, the patient may be included.)
* Patients with abnormal liver function tests (AST or ALT) (more than 3.5 times the upper level of the normal value) or patients with any abnormal elevation in bilirubin.
* Patients requiring concomitant therapy with any psychotropic drug (with the exception of benadryl used sparingly if necessary for sleep or oxeazepam for detoxification or nicotine replacement therapy).
* Patients who have taken fluoxetine (Prozac) during the 6 weeks prior to randomization --due to its long half-life.
* Patients who have taken monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) during the 2 weeks prior to randomization -- due to the potential toxicity of combining MAOI medications with serotonin-specific ones. (Patients will also be instructed not to take MAOI for 2 weeks after completing the study.)
* Past use of antidepressants or other psychotropic medications (except as specified above) within 7 days of randomization.
* Patients on concomitant therapy with an investigational drug, or patients who have been in an investigational drug study within one month prior to entering this study.
* Patients who are unable to read or print in English.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Current episode (i.e., in the preceding month) of alcohol dependence defined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th ed (DSM-IV) criteria
* 18-65 years of age
* Abstinent from alcohol for a period of at least 3 days prior to baseline research assessment
* Able to read English and complete study evaluations
* Male, or if female, without active reproductive potential
* Participants will have signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Currently meets criteria for dependence on a psychoactive substance other than alcohol and nicotine
* Regular use of psychoactive drugs including anxiolytics and antidepressants
* Current use of disulfiram or naltrexone
* Current major depression or psychosis (or other severe psychiatric disability e.g., suicidality, current mania)
* Significant underlying medical conditions such as hepatic, cerebral, renal, thyroid, or cardiac pathology, which in the opinion of the evaluating physician would preclude the patient from study adherence or be of potential harm to the subject

Answer: B