Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Ankle Robotics Training After Stroke: Effects on Gait and Balance
Brief Summary: Veterans and other Americans who survive stroke often face disabling motor impairments that impede performance of activities of daily living and limit free-living activity. Prominent among these are diminished walking and balance functions, which not only foster a sedentary lifestyle and physical deconditioning, but also increase the risk of injuries due to falls. Recent research has demonstrated how motor learning based interventions can modify brain activity and improve motor functions in persons with stroke. Now there is a major research opportunity to advance the effectiveness of these interventions by applying new robotics technologies to improve control of essential functions such as gait and balance. One critical area for performance of walking and standing balance is the control of the ankles, as they are a major conduit of mechanical power in gait and also modulate torques affecting the motion of the whole body center of mass when balancing. Thus the current proposal is designed to investigate two approaches for using an impedance controlled ankle robot to improve gait and balance among stroke survivors with chronic lower extremity weakness. One approach uses the ankle robot in a seated visuomotor training program that focuses has subjects play video games with the weaker ankle to improve paretic ankle motor control that may carry over to gait and balance functions. The other approach uses task-specific gait training by integrating use of the ankle robot during treadmill exercise training to assess effects on the same functions. The effectiveness of both robotics approaches will be compared to that of a treadmill exercise program without robotics.


Options:
A: Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Robot-assisted gait training; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
B: Arm Label: Low-Reward; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: Anklebot (Ankle Robot) | Arm Label: High-Reward; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: Anklebot (Ankle Robot) | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Anklebot (Ankle Robot); Assigned to Arm(s): High-Reward, Low-Reward
C: Arm Label: RT in sequential combination with dCIT; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: RT in sequential combination with dCIT | Arm Label: Distributed Constraint-Induced Therapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Distributed Constraint-Induced Therapy | Arm Label: Robot-Assisted Therapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Robot-Assisted Therapy | Arm Label: Dose-matched control therapy; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Dose-matched control therapy | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: RT in sequential combination with dCIT; Assigned to Arm(s): RT in sequential combination with dCIT | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Distributed Constraint-Induced Therapy; Assigned to Arm(s): Distributed Constraint-Induced Therapy | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Robot-Assisted Therapy; Assigned to Arm(s): Robot-Assisted Therapy | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Dose-matched control therapy; Assigned to Arm(s): Dose-matched control therapy
D: Arm Label: Arm 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Seated Robot Training (SRT) | Arm Label: Arm 2; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Treadmill Locomotor-based Training (TMR) | Arm Label: Arm 3; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Treadmill Only (TMO) | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Seated Robot Training (SRT); Assigned to Arm(s): Arm 1 | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Treadmill Locomotor-based Training (TMR); Assigned to Arm(s): Arm 2 | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Treadmill Only (TMO); Assigned to Arm(s): Arm 3

Answer: D