Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Study of Effectiveness of BI Given to Injured MVC ED Patients Who Use Alcohol Harmfully and Hazardously
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to determine if a brief counseling intervention, delivered by telephone, is more effective than standard ED care, to reduce future alcohol related injuries and alcohol related negative consequences, among patients treated in the ED for injuries from an MVC and other injury mechanisms.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients who are treated for an intentional or unintentional injury associated with motor vehicle collisions involving driver (i.e., passenger or pedestrian) will be eligible for inclusion in the study.
* Patients who are treated for an intentional or unintentional injury associated with violence-related injuries including gunshot wounds, stab wounds, or other injuries related to assaults and falls will be eligible for inclusion in the study.
* Patients must be eighteen years of age or older.
* Study clinicians actively monitor these patients on a daily basis and the patient's ability to participate is determined through the use of hospital medical records, daily contact with the emergency department nursing staff and hospital personnel as well as direct contact with the patient.
* Currently, patients who are intoxicated at the time of admission to the emergency room are maintained in an observation area or admitted for twenty-three hour observation in order to rule out severe injury. They will be monitored by study personnel on an hourly basis and approached to participate in the study after evidence of acute intoxication has subsided.
* Admitted patients who are intoxicated will be approached during their hospital stay after they are medically stable.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with other penetrating trauma not related to motor vehicle collisions, violence or falls, such as poisoning, bites, contusions, concussions, strains and sprains are excluded.
* Patients with traumatic brain injury, or a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of less than 15, are also excluded.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* ages 18-44
* fertile
* can provide informed consent
* had vaginal intercourse with a man in the past 3 months
* uses ineffective or no contraception
* speaks and reads English
* reports drinking more than seven standard drinks per week on average or more than one binge drinking episode (more than 3 standard drinks on one occasion) during the past 3 months
* if opioid dependent with recent use, is enrolled in opiate agonist treatment
* planning to remain available for the follow-up period

Exclusion Criteria:

* pregnancy
* cognitive disorders including mental retardation, dementia, or active -psychosis that could impair ability to understand the intervention material or give informed consent
* current Major Depressive Disorder that could diminish responsiveness to interventions focused on promoting change
* currently opioid dependent with active use and not engaged in opiate agonist treatment
* concurrently participating in another behavioral intervention study during the study period targeting drinking or contraception efficacy that could interfere with or augment the intervention in the EARLY project.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 years or older
* Emergency department patient
* Subacute injury
* Motor vehicle crash or other injury
* Alcohol use at harmful and hazardous levels

Exclusion Criteria:

* Younger than 18 years old
* Does not meet alcohol use criteria
* Non-English speaker
* In police custody
* Suicidal
* Psychiatric diagnosis
* No locator
* Injury occurred \> 72 hours prior to ED visit
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Participants must be invited to the Danish 'Diet, Smoking, Alcohol and Exercise' nationwide health study.
* Participants must have responded to an Internet questionnaire.
* Participants must have a weekly alcohol consumption above the recommended Danish limits (168 grams of alcohol for women, 252 grams of alcohol for men).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Weekly alcohol consumption less than 168 grams of alcohol for women and 252 grams of alcohol for men.

Answer: C