Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Pot-Cast: Thrombosis Prophylaxis During Plaster Cast Lower Leg Immobilisation: Determining the Balance Between Benefits and Risks
Brief Summary: Currently, guidelines and clinical practice differ considerably with respect to use of anticoagulant treatment during cast immobilization of the lower leg. Trials that have been carried out were aimed at efficacy only, had small sample sizes and therefore mainly used asymptomatic thrombosis as endpoint. From these trials an overall risk benefit-balance could not be established, hence the current controversy. In the proposed study the investigators will use relevant symptomatic endpoints in a large cohort of patients. Furthermore the investigators will follow subjects with an adverse event for a longer period, during which the investigators will assess the long term sequelae of these events. Lastly, the investigators will determine high risk groups that will benefit most from anticoagulant treatment.

Objective: Comparative effectiveness research to determine cost-effectiveness of two existing policies, i.e. treatment with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) during lower leg plaster cast immobilization following surgical or conservative treatment. In addition the investigators will investigate personalized prophylaxis based on genetic and acquired risk factors.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

All patients in need of immobilization of the lower leg with a plaster cast (or equivalent of a cast) for a minimum of one week for the following indications:

* Trauma of the lower leg
* Surgery of the lower leg followed by lower leg immobilization with a plaster cast
* Non-traumatic indications

Exclusion Criteria:

* Contra-indications for LMWH use (recent major bleeding, bleeding disorder, allergy)
* Pregnancy
* Pre-existent indication for anticoagulation therapy, either LMWH or vitamin K antagonists.
* History of venous thromboembolism (indication for anticoagulation therapy for prophylaxis of recurrence)
* Mental of physical disability to fulfill study requirements
* Insufficient knowledge of the Dutch language
* Previous participation in the Pot-(K)Cast study
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Meniscectomy
* Diagnostic Arthroscopy
* Removal of corpora libera

Exclusion Criteria:

* Contra-indications for LMWH use (recent major bleeding, bleeding disorder, allergy)
* Pregnancy
* Pre-existent indication for anticoagulation therapy, either LMWH or vitamin K antagonists.
* History of venous thromboembolism (indication for anticoagulation therapy for prophylaxis of recurrence)
* Mental of physical disability to fulfill study requirements
* Insufficient knowledge of the Dutch language
* Previous participation in the Pot-(K)Cast study
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Adult patient (18 years and older)
2. Knee arthroscopy not combined with open surgery.
3. Patients eligible for surgical treatment.
4. Patients are willing and able to continue study participation to ensure completion of all procedures and observations required by the study.
5. Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Diagnostic arthroscopy
2. Patients concomitantly treated systemically with strong concurrent CYP3A4 and P-gp-inhibitors, i.e. azole-antimycotics or HIV protease inhibitors.
3. Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients of study drug
4. Pregnant women or breast-feeding.
5. Hepatic disease associated with coagulopathy and clinically relevant bleeding risk
6. Known thrombophilia (hereditary or acquired)
7. Mandatory anticoagulation.
8. Known severe bleeding tendency
9. Clinically significant active bleeding.
10. Severe renal failure (GFR\<30mL/min/1.73m2)
11. Patients participating in another clinical trial.
12. Recent mayor surgery (6 to 12 weeks)
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* a current diagnosis of autism, Asperger syndrome, atypical autism according ICD-10 criteria confirmed by specialized clinical assessment;
* presenting severe behavioural disturbances such as hetero and self-injurious behaviours, automutilation, severe motor hyperactivity, severe stereotypies.
* having a systematically consultation by a neuro pediatric.

Exclusion Criteria:

* children with known organic syndrome and/or non-stabilized neuropediatric (e.g. seizures) or medical (e.g. diabetes mellitus) comorbidities.
* patients with stabilized seizure condition, antiepileptic medication should be stable for at least 4 weeks.

Answer: A