Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Effects of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)/ Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Supplementation on Cognitive Control in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Brief Summary: Forty children with and 40 children without Attention deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) receive Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) or placebo via a dietary intervention. Cognitive control functions are measured with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) before and after the intervention. Behavioural change is monitored with behavioural scales.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

Inclusion criteria for subjects with ADHD

1. 8-12 year old boys
2. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 4th edition (DSM-IV (APA, 1994)) diagnosis of ADHD, according to Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC)
3. Scores in the clinical range on the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and Teacher Rating Form(TRF)
4. Ability to speak and comprehend Dutch.
5. Used to daily consumption of margarine

Inclusion criteria for controls

1. 8-12 year old boys
2. No DSM-IV (APA, 1994) diagnosis, according to DISC interview
3. No scores in the clinical range on the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and Teacher Rating Form (TRF)
4. Ability to speak and comprehend Dutch. 5 Used to daily consumption of margarine

Exclusion Criteria:

1. mental retardation (IQ \< 70)
2. major illness of the cardiovascular, the endocrine, the pulmonary or the gastrointestinal system
3. presence of metal objects in or around the body (pacemaker, dental braces)
4. history of or present neurological disorder
5. regular use of n-3 or n-6 fatty acid dietary supplements, products fortified with EPA or DHA, a regular diet high in fatty fish (= 1 serving per week) or participation in intervention studies or (school-) health programs in the four months prior to study participation.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Speaks English
* Intelligence Quotient (IQ) of greater than 35 and scores greater than 35 on the Scales of Independent Behavior - Revised (SIB-R) Broad Independence Scale (both IQ and adaptive functioning at the Moderate Mental Retardation level or higher)
* Diagnosis of epilepsy by International League Against Epilepsy (ILEA) criteria 26 (repeated, afebrile, unprovoked seizures with a seizure within the past 5 years)
* Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-IV diagnosis of ADHD
* Scores at least 4 on the CGI severity scale for ADHD
* Scores greater than 90% on the ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD RS), Parent Version; investigator scored for age and sex on either the inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive, or total score at first visit
* Has not taken stimulants or alpha-adrenergic medications for more than 2 weeks prior to study entry
* If taking antidepressants, neuroleptics, or lithium, doses have been stable for more than 4 weeks
* Currently on an antiepileptic drug (AED) regimen with stable doses for more than 4 weeks prior to study entry
* Seizure-free for more than 1 month prior to study entry
* Prescribing clinician for epilepsy anticipates the need for a stable AED regimen for the duration of the study
* Guardian gives permission for study personnel to communicate with prescribing epilepsy clinician
* Teacher agrees to fill out ADHD RS at baseline and at the end of each arm of the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Has had a seizure within the month preceding study entry
* Change in AED regimen or dose within 4 weeks of study entry
* History of moderate or severe adverse event related to MPH
* History of any psychotic disorder
* Current acute major depression or bipolar mania
* Current psychiatric disorder requiring pharmacotherapy (other than ADHD)
* Unstable significant medical condition other than epilepsy
* Any known conditions that may make treatment with MPH medically inadvisable
* Not currently working with a physician for epilepsy treatment
* Previously participated in a trial that provided adequate treatment with XR-MPH
* Weighs less than 9 kg
* Pregnant
* Unwilling to use an effective form of contraception
* Child has taken a stimulant (MPH, an amphetamine preparation, or pemoline), alpha-adrenergic (clonidine or guanfacine), or other ADHD medication within 2 weeks of the screening telephone interview. Children will not be withdrawn from psychotropic medications in order to be enrolled in the study.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Parental written informed consent.
2. Having a teacher that is familiar with the child and parent and willing to participate.
3. Age: 13≥ years ≥6
4. Gender: male and female
5. Diagnosis: ADHD diagnosed by:

   Teacher-rated Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-RS-IV) School Version at least 1.5 standard deviations (SD) above the norm for the patient's age and gender, Confirmed assessment by Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL),
6. Clinical Global Impression of Severity of illness (CGI-S) rating of 4 or higher (moderately ill or worse),
7. Language: Subjects, parents, and teachers must be able to read, write and speak Hebrew
8. Normal weight and height according to the Israeli standards
9. Attending full-time to school.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Females who had reached menarche and presented three regular menstrual cycles; the definition of regular menstrual cycles: an average length of the cycle between 22 and 41 days, either none or a single cycle with a length less than 22 or more than 41 days during the past year
2. History or current diagnosis of any serious systemic (e.g., diabetes, hyper/hypothyroidism, etc.) or neurological condition (e.g., epilepsy, brain tumors, etc.)
3. Failed to respond to 2 or more adequate courses (dose and duration) of stimulant therapy for ADHD
4. Pervasive developmental disorder or Non-verbal Learning Disability
5. Schizophrenia, or other psychotic disorders (DSM-IV axis I)
6. Any evidence of suicidal risk, any current psychiatric comorbidity that required psychiatric pharmacotherapy
7. History of alcohol or substance abuse as defined by DSM-IV criteria
8. Consumption of \>250 mg/day of caffeine
9. Blindness
10. History of allergic reactions or sensitivity to marine products (fish and seafood), soy or corn as well as any illness which may jeopardize the participants health or limit their successful trial completion.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Clinical diagnosis of ADHD based on DSM-IV criteria and confirmed with Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA) interview
* Comorbid disorder accepted: mood disorder, anxiety disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, learning disorder
* Total IQ equal or above 85
* Aged from 6 to 14 years

Exclusion Criteria:

* Autism, Schizophrenia or othe psychiatric disorder not included in inclusion criteria
* associated neurologic, genetic, infectious or metabolic disorder, or a seizure disorder
* present or past use of any psychoactive drugs

Answer: A