Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Double Blind Placebo Controlled Study of Atorvastatin as Prevention of CHD in High Risk Patients With Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (Collaborative Atorvastatin Study - CARDS)
Brief Summary: A study to assess the efficacy of once daily atorvastatin 10 mg versus placebo on cardiovascular endpoints in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) who have a history of either hypertension, retinopathy, microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria, or who currently smoke, but who do not have established corornary heart disease or other macrovascular disease.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Clinically stable participants may be eligible to enroll within 10 days following hospital admission with high-risk acute coronary syndrome (either ST-elevation myocardial infarction \[STEMI\] or Non-STEMI or unstable angina)
* Participants not taking a statin must have an LDL-C of 125 mg/dl or less. Participants taking a statin must have an LDL-C of 100 mg/dl or less.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant or lactating woman, or intending to become pregnant
* Participant with active liver disease or persistent unexplained serum transaminase elevation
* History of alcohol or drug abuse
* History of sensitivity to statin or ezetimibe
* A participant for whom discontinuation of existing lipid lowering regimen poses an unacceptable risk.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Individuals between 18 and 85 years of age
* Individuals with any psychiatric disorder who are taking lithium

  o Patients will be recruited from the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Jewish General Hospital and McGill University Health Centre.
* Able and willing to give informed consent.
* Chronic and current lithium users (at least 2 months of Lithium use).
* Stable dose of lithium for the past 2 months.
* Patients taking any lithium level will be included.
* Patients with any psychiatric diagnosis will also be included.
* NDI defined as a 10-hour water restriction UOsm \<600mOsm/Kg.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients allergic to Statins
* Patients with statin use within 6 weeks prior to the study
* Patients with a past history of severe adverse reaction to statins.
* Patients with a baseline Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) level \<1.5.
* Relative contraindications to statin use 42: pregnancy or lactation, concurrent use of fibrates, heavy ethanol consumption (\>50 units/week).
* Incapacity to consent
* Deemed by the treating physician to have a severe cognitive or behavioural disturbance such as acute delirium or moderate-severe DSM5 Neurocognitive Disorder (dementia), preventing their ability to complete safely the study questionnaire and/or to provide blood and urine test.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

Patients must have a documented history of at least one of the following:

* Hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure 140 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure 90 mmHg (defined as the disapperance of all sound \[Korotkoff Phase V\] or receiving anti-hypertensive treatment. Blood pressure should be measured after sitting the patient quietly for 3 minutes).
* Retinopathy (defined as any of the following; non-proliferative retinopathy, pre-pre-proliferative retinopathy, proliferative retinopathy, maculopathy, advanced diabetic eye disease or history of photocoagulation).
* Microalbuminuria (defined as either, Albumin creatinine ratio \> than = to 2.5 mg/mmol, or Albumin excretion rate on a timed collection \> than = to 20 mcg/min (\> than = to 30 mg/24hrs) on two successive occasions, or a positive micral or other strip test).
* Macroalbuminuria (defined as either; Albustix or other dipstick evidence of gross proteinuria, Albumin creatinine ratio \> than = to 25 mg/mmol; or Albumin excretion rate on a timed collection \> than = 200 mcg/min (\> than = 300 mg/24hrs) on two sucessive occasions).
* Current smoker

Exclusion Criteria:

* Type I Diabetes Mellitus
* Any major Coronary event prior to entry into the study
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Type 2 diabetes
* Persistent microalbuminuria
* Fasting plasma cholesterol \> 5.5 mmol/liter
* Fasting plasma triglycerides \< 4.5 mmol/liter
* Fasting HbA1c \< 10 %
* Fasting serum C-peptide \> 0.49 nmol/liter
* Blood pressure \< 155/95

Exclusion Criteria:

* Signs of primary kidney disease
* Signs of primary hepatic disease
* Signs of insufficiently treated cardiac disease

Answer: C