Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Multi-centre, Randomised, Double-blind Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Chlorproguanil-dapsone-artesunate Versus Chlorproguanil-dapsone in the Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria in Children, Adolescents and Adults in Africa.
Brief Summary: CDA is a combination of chlorproguanil, dapsone and artesunate, being developed in a public-private partnership with the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), World Health Organisation (WHO-TDR) and academic partners from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of Liverpool and the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine as a treatment for acute uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria.

The combination of chlorproguanil HCl (CPG) and dapsone (DDS) as chlorproguanil-dapsone has already been shown to be efficacious against P.falciparum in adults and children in Sub-Sahara Africa. The addition of artesunate to LAPDAP has been demonstrated to increase the parasite kill rate as demonstrated in the phase II study, and reduce the chance of any parasites escaping treatment over the 3-day course. The addition of artesunate is also anticipated to have the population benefit of protection against the development of resistant strains of P.falciparum, although it will not be possible to demonstrate this in a clinical trial. One further population benefit of the artemisinin drugs are their ability to suppress the sexual forms of the parasite (gametocytes), which should reduce infectivity after antimalarial treatment and potentially lower transmission rates with widespread use, including the spread of any parasites resistant to the partner drug.

The aims of this phase III study are to compare the efficacy of a fixed ratio combination tablet of CDA to chlorproguanil-dapsone, and collect supporting safety data. This will be a multi-centre, double-blind, double-dummy, randomised trial, in children, adolescents and adults, with chlorproguanil-dapsone as a comparator.


Options:
A: Arm Label: CQ; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Chloroquine (CQ) | Arm Label: CQ+PQ; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Chloroquine (CQ), Drug: primaquine (PQ) | Arm Label: CQ + AS; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: artesunate (AS), Drug: Chloroquine (CQ) | Arm Label: SP; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) | Arm Label: SP + PQ; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), Drug: primaquine (PQ) | Arm Label: SP + AS; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: artesunate (AS), Drug: sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: artesunate (AS); Assigned to Arm(s): CQ + AS, SP + AS | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP); Assigned to Arm(s): SP, SP + AS, SP + PQ | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Chloroquine (CQ); Assigned to Arm(s): CQ, CQ + AS, CQ+PQ | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: primaquine (PQ); Assigned to Arm(s): CQ+PQ, SP + PQ
B: Arm Label: dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine | Arm Label: Dihydroartemisininpiperaquine primaquine; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine + primaquine | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine; Assigned to Arm(s): dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine + primaquine; Assigned to Arm(s): Dihydroartemisininpiperaquine primaquine
C: Arm Label: 1; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) plus artesunate (AS) | Arm Label: 2; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: primaquine (PQ) plus SP+AS | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) plus artesunate (AS); Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: primaquine (PQ) plus SP+AS; Assigned to Arm(s): 2
D: Arm Label: Arm 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: chlorproguanil-dapsone-artesunate, Drug: chlorproguanil-dapsone | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: chlorproguanil-dapsone-artesunate; Assigned to Arm(s): Arm 1 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: chlorproguanil-dapsone; Assigned to Arm(s): Arm 1

Answer: D