Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Phase III Trial of Bevacizumab, Temozolomide and Radiotherapy, Followed by Bevacizumab and Temozolomide Versus Placebo, Temozolomide and Radiotherapy Followed by Placebo and Temozolomide in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
Brief Summary: This 2 arm study investigated the efficacy and safety of the addition of bevacizumab to the current standard of care (multimodality therapy of concurrent radiotherapy plus temozolomide followed by adjuvant temozolomide) as compared to the current standard of care alone. Participants were randomly assigned to either the bevacizumab (10 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) intravenously \[IV\] once every 2 week \[q2w\]) or the placebo arm, in combination with radiation therapy (total dose 60 Gray \[Gy\], administered as 2 Gy fractions, 5 days/week) plus temozolomide (75 milligrams per meter squared \[mg/m\^2\] oral administration \[po\] daily) for 6 weeks. After a 4 week treatment break, participants continued to receive bevacizumab (10 mg/kg IV q2w) or placebo, plus temozolomide (150-200 mg/m\^2 po daily on days 1-5 of each 4 week cycle) for 6 cycles of maintenance treatment or until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity, whichever occured first. Following the maintenance phase, bevacizumab (15 mg/kg iv every 3 weeks \[q3w\]) or placebo monotherapy continued. The time on study treatment was until disease progression.


Options:
A: Key Inclusion Criteria:

* newly diagnosed glioblastoma
* World Health Organization (WHO) performance status less than or equal to (\<=2)
* stable or decreasing corticosteroid dose within 5 days prior to randomization

Key Exclusion Criteria:

* evidence of recent hemorrhage on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain
* any prior chemotherapy or immunotherapy for glioblastomas and low grade astrocytomas
* any prior radiotherapy to brain
* clinically significant cardiovascular disease
* history of greater than or equal to (\>=) grade 2 hemoptysis within 1 month prior to randomization
* previous centralized screening for Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) status for enrollment into a clinical trial
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Pathological evidence of GBM using WHO classification criteria.
2. \> 18 years of age.
3. Received maximal debulking surgery and radiotherapy concomitant with Temozolomide (45-70Gy):

   1. Patients may enroll in the study if received Gliadel wafers before entering the trial
   2. Any additional treatments received prior to enrollment will be considered an exclusion.
   3. Minimal dose for concomitant radiotherapy is 45 Gy
4. Karnofsky scale ≥ 70
5. Life expectancy at least 3 months
6. Participants of childbearing age must use effective contraception.
7. All patients must sign written informed consent.
8. Treatment start date at least 4 weeks out from surgery.
9. Treatment start date at least 4 weeks out but not more than 7 weeks from the later of last dose of concomitant Temozolomide or radiotherapy.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Progressive disease (according to MacDonald Criteria). If pseudoprogression is suspected, additional imaging studies must be performed to rule out true progression.
2. Actively participating in another clinical treatment trial
3. Pregnant
4. Significant co-morbidities at baseline which would prevent maintenance Temozolomide treatment:

   1. Thrombocytopenia (platelet count \< 100 x 103/μL)
   2. Neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count \< 1.5 x 103/μL)
   3. CTC grade 4 non-hematological Toxicity (except for alopecia, nausea, vomiting)
   4. Significant liver function impairment - AST or ALT \> 3 times the upper limit of normal
   5. Total bilirubin \> upper limit of normal
   6. Significant renal impairment (serum creatinine \> 1.7 mg/dL)
5. Implanted pacemaker, programmable shunts, defibrillator, deep brain stimulator, other implanted electronic devices in the brain, or documented clinically significant arrhythmias.
6. Infra-tentorial tumor
7. Evidence of increased intracranial pressure (midline shift \> 5mm, clinically significant papilledema, vomiting and nausea or reduced level of consciousness)
8. History of hypersensitivity reaction to Temozolomide or a history of hypersensitivity to DTIC.
C: DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

* Histologically confirmed colorectal cancer

  * Metastatic disease
* Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-positive by immunochemistry
* Measurable or evaluable disease
* Not amenable to standard curative therapy

  * Best supportive care is the only available option
* Must have received a prior thymidylate synthase inhibitor (e.g., fluorouracil, capecitabine, raltitrexed, or fluorouracil-uracil) in the adjuvant or metastatic setting

  * Combination therapy with oxaliplatin or irinotecan allowed
* Must have failed\* a prior regimen containing irinotecan and a prior regimen containing oxaliplatin for metastatic disease OR relapsed within 6 months after an adjuvant regimen containing irinotecan or oxaliplatin OR have documented unsuitability for such regimens
* No symptomatic CNS metastases NOTE: \*Failure is defined as either disease progression (clinical or radiological) or intolerance to the regimen

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age

* 16 and over

Performance status

* ECOG 0-2

Life expectancy

* Not specified

Hematopoietic

* See Disease Characteristics
* Absolute granulocyte count ≥ 1,500/mm\^3
* Platelet count ≥ 75,000/mm\^3
* Hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 g/dL

Hepatic

* AST and ALT ≤ 5 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
* Bilirubin ≤ 2.5 times ULN

Renal

* Creatinine ≤ 1.5 times ULN

Cardiovascular

* No uncontrolled angina
* No arrhythmias
* No cardiomyopathy
* No congestive heart failure
* No myocardial infarction\* within the past 6 months NOTE: \*Pre-treatment ECG as only evidence of infarction is allowed

Pulmonary

* No severe restrictive lung disease
* No interstitial lung disease by chest x-ray

Other

* Not pregnant or nursing
* Negative pregnancy test
* Fertile patients must use effective contraception for 4 weeks before, during, and for 4 weeks after study treatment
* No active pathological condition that would preclude study participation
* No psychological or geographical condition that would preclude study compliance
* No other malignancy within the past 5 years except adequately treated non-melanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Biologic therapy

* No prior cetuximab
* No prior murine monoclonal antibody therapy (e.g., edrecolomab)

Chemotherapy

* See Disease Characteristics
* At least 4 weeks since prior chemotherapy and recovered
* No concurrent chemotherapy

Radiotherapy

* See Disease Characteristics
* At least 4 weeks since prior radiotherapy and recovered
* Concurrent palliative radiotherapy allowed except to index lesions

Surgery

* At least 4 weeks since prior major surgery and recovered

Other

* No prior EGFR-targeted therapy (e.g., erlotinib or gefitinib)
* More than 30 days since prior experimental therapeutic agents
* More than 4 weeks since prior investigational agents
* No concurrent enrollment in another clinical study
* No other concurrent EGFR-targeted therapy
* No other concurrent non-cytotoxic experimental agents
D: Inclusion Criteria:

Among other criteria, patients must meet the following conditions to be eligible for the study:

1. Age ≥18 years of age.
2. Histologic diagnosis of glioblastoma (WHO Grade IV).
3. Documented EGFRvlll positive tumor status (central lab confirmation).
4. First or second relapse of de novo glioblastoma or first diagnosis or first relapse of secondary glioblastoma.
5. Previous treatment must include surgery, conventional radiation therapy and temozolomide (TMZ).
6. Screening MRI must be obtained at least 4 weeks after any salvage surgery, and at least 12 weeks after radiation therapy.
7. KPS of ≥ 70%.
8. If applicable, systemic corticosteroid therapy must be at a dose of ≤ 4 mg of dexamethasone or equivalent per day during the week prior to Day 1.
9. Evaluable disease in Groups 1 and 2; measurable disease in Group 2C
10. Life expectancy \> 12 weeks.
11. Patients in Group 2 and 2C must have had disease progression while receiving bevacizumab or within 2 months of treatment with bevacizumab.

Exclusion Criteria:

Among other criteria, patients who meet the following conditions are NOT eligible for the study:

1. Subjects unable to undergo an MRI with contrast.
2. History, presence, or suspicion of metastatic disease
3. Prior receipt of vaccination against EGFRvIII.
4. Any known contraindications to receipt of study drugs, including known allergy or hypersensitivity to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), GM-CSF (sargramostim; LEUKINE®), polysorbate 80 or yeast derived products, or a history of anaphylactic reactions to shellfish proteins.
5. Use of non-protein based investigational therapy within 14 days prior to Day 1 or use of antibody-based investigational therapy within 28 days prior to Day 1.
6. Clinically significant increased intracranial pressure (e.g., impending herniation), uncontrolled seizures, or requirement for immediate palliative treatment
7. Evidence of recent hemorrhage on screening MRI of the brain
8. Evidence of current drug or alcohol abuse.
9. Patients in Group 1 must not have received prior treatment with bevacizumab.

Answer: A