Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Effects of Vyvanse on the Driving Performance of Young Adults With ADHD: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Brief Summary: The primary objective of the study is to assess the benefice of Vyvanse on the factors that cause impairments in driving behavior in individuals with ADHD using a driving simulation aimed at examining the factors that cause impairments in driving behavior in individuals with ADHD such as driving speed, collision risk, and visual attention of 60 young drivers (ages 18-24) with ADHD. We hypothesize: 1.) young adults with ADHD treated with Vyvanse will show lower velocity (speed) scores and spend less time driving over the posted speed limit in the driving simulation when compared to subjects taking a placebo; 2.) young adults with ADHD treated with Vyvanse will show a lesser likelihood to collide with a suddenly appearing peripheral object, less difficulty maintaining the vehicle within their lane, and a lesser likelihood of driving through stop signs and solid red traffic lights without slowing down when compared to subjects taking a placebo; and 3.) young adults with ADHD treated with Vyvanse will exhibit more focused visual attention on details in the visual field when compared to subjects taking a placebo while driving. In addition, young adults with ADHD treated with Vyvanse will exhibit less visual tunneling and shorter off-road glances when compared to subjects taking a placebo.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. At the time of consent, are between the ages of 18-55, inclusive.
2. Meet DSM-IV criteria for ADHD as assessed by the Adult ADHD Clinician Diagnostic Scale (ACDS) v1.2.
3. Female participants of childbearing potential must test negative for pregnancy at the time of enrollment based on a urine pregnancy test and agree to use a reliable method of birth control during the study. Females of childbearing potential are defined as women not surgically sterilized and are between menarche and 2 years post-menopause.
4. Must have a satisfactory medical assessment with no clinically significant abnormalities as determined by medical history, physical exam, ECG, and clinical laboratory testing.
5. Must be able to swallow capsules.
6. Must be able to begin the daily dose of study medication in the morning.
7. Must be off all ADHD therapies for one week (psychostimulants) and three weeks (non-stimulants).
8. In the opinion of the investigator, the subject must understand and be able, willing and likely to fully comply with the study procedures and restrictions.
9. Must have given signed and dated informed consent in accordance with Good Clinical Practice (GCP) Guidelines.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Participants with a positive urine drug result at Screening.
2. Anyone who meets current DSM-IV-TR criteria for alcohol or any non-alcohol substance abuse or dependence disorder (excluding nicotine).
3. Participants with controlled depressive or anxiety disorders may not participate if, in the opinion of the Principal Investigator, their medications will interfere with safety or efficacy assessments.
4. Participants with any concurrent chronic or acute illness or unstable medical condition that could, in the opinion of the study physician, confound the results of safety assessments, increase risk to the subject or lead to difficulty complying with the protocol.
5. Participants with hypertension at screening, indicated by a blood pressure reading of 135/90 and heart rate above 120bmp.
6. Female participants of childbearing potential who test positive for pregnancy at the time of enrollment based on a urine pregnancy test, or who do not agree to use a reliable method of birth control during the study. Females of childbearing potential are defined as women not surgically sterilized and are between menarche and 2 years post-menopause.
7. Participants who work the night shift or another schedule that would preclude beginning the daily dose of study medication in the morning.
8. Participants who in the investigator's opinion meet any of the exclusionary criteria specified on the FDA label of Vyvanse.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* primary diagnosis of ADHD combined subtype or the predominantly hyperactive-impulsive subtype based on a psychiatric evaluation that reviews DSM-IV criteria
* functioning at age appropriate levels intellectually
* blood pressure measurements within the 95th percentile for their gender, height and age
* ECG results are within the normal range

Exclusion Criteria:

* comorbid psychiatric diagnosis (such as psychosis, bipolar illness, pervasive developmental disorder, severe obsessive compulsive disorder, severe depressive or severe anxiety disorder) or other symptomatic manifestations
* history of seizures (exclusive of febrile seizure), a tic disorder, or a family history of Tourette's disorder
* weighs less than 55 lbs (25 kg)or is significantly overweight or obese
* clinically significant ECG abnormality
* documented allergy or intolerance to amphetamines
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type
* Ambulatory, Outpatients who have an informant living/visiting at least 8 hours/week over 3-4 days.
* Presence of delusions, hallucinations, agitation impacting functioning and requiring medication treatment
* Agitation or psychotic symptoms began after signs or symptoms of dementia

Exclusion (prospective participants must not:)

* Be benefiting from psychotropic medication, antidepressants or anticonvulsants
* Be diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder or mood disorder with psychotic features.
* Have severe or unstable medical illness requiring active treatment
* Have hypersensitivity or intolerance of any of the study medications
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male and female outpatients, aged 18-24 years.
* Subjects meeting full criteria for the diagnosis of DSM-IV Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), with onset of symptoms in childhood and persistence of impairing symptoms into adulthood as determined by clinical evaluation and/or ADHD module of structured diagnostic interview, completed by the study clinician.
* Absence of pharmacological treatment for ADHD for the past month.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Any other current psychiatric or medical condition determined to be clinically significant.
* Current use of psychotropics or any medication with clinically significant CNS effects.
* Individuals who have never held a valid driver's license.
* Mental retardation (IQ \< 80).
* Individuals with a history of substance dependence or abuse within the past 6 months. Pregnant or nursing females.
* Known hypersensitivity to Vyvanse or amphetamines.
* Subjects with pre-existing structural cardiac abnormalities.
* Clinically significant abnormal screening values including:
* Laboratory values determined to be clinically significant.
* Consistent readings of hypertension (\>140/90) during screening period (including screening and baseline visits), defined as two or more readings (each being the average of three measurements) at a single visit with systolic blood pressure, SBP \> 140 and/or diastolic blood pressure, DBP, \> 90, and confirmed by manual reading.
* Subjects with isolated incidences (of triplicate average BP) of SBP \> 140 and/or DBP \> 90 at baseline/week 0 visit, confirmed by manual reading, which are determined to be clinically significant.

Subjects with a clinically significant abnormality according to cardiology consultation (ECGs with clinically concerning intervals including PR, QTC, QRS, will be reviewed by cardiology).

Answer: D