TrialPanorama/Dataset huggingface dataset:
Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Vitamin D Deficiency in Acutely Injured Pediatric Burn Patients: Incidence, Etiology, Metabolic Sequelae and Prevention
Brief Summary: To see which vitamin D supplement (D2 vs D3) is most beneficial in burned children.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy mothers \> 18 years of age
* Term, healthy infants eligible to receive the Bacille-Calmette- Guerin (BCG) vaccine

Exclusion Criteria:

* Recent maternal history of tuberculosis (within 1 year) or active tuberculosis
* Known maternal human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) infection
* Maternal fever or chorio-amnionitis
* Maternal use of vitamin D, steroids or immuno-regulatory medications
* Household member with active tuberculosis
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Child is \> 6 months of age but \< 19 years old
* Burn injury \> 30% total body surface area
* Admitted to SHC within 4 days of injury
* Attending physician decision that patient is likely to survive
* Parents or legal guardian give informed consent along with assent of the child as applicable

Exclusion Criteria:

* Attending physician decision that patient is not likely to survive
* Prior history of anticonvulsant or glucocorticoid use, gastric/bowel resection, parathyroid disease, liver disease, chronic renal failure or prior pharmacologic vitamin D use (\>1000 IU/D)
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant women from 20-22 weeks of gestation and their infants, who will agree to take part in this study, will be enrolled.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant women with pre existing type 1 or type II diabetes
* Women with multiple fetuses, babies (twins, triplets)
* Pregnant women with high level of Vitamin D
* Babies with multiple congenital anomalies
* Babies with serious birth injury, birth asphyxia and serious infections
* Low birth weight less than 1.5
* Refuse to participate in the study
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy singleton newborn infants born at term age of any racial background.
* Infants may be breastfed or formula fed during the study as is safe since the supplement is 400 IU/d and intakes from breast milk or formula will not exceed 400 IU/d for a theoretical total intake of 800 IU/d that is recommended by the Canadian Pediatric Society.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Infants born prematurely, twins or other multiples.
* Unable to nurse or accept the supplement.
* Congenital malformations.
* Parents not fluent enough in English or French to provide written informed consent.

Answer: B
Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomised Controlled Trial of Optimised Surgical Recovery: the Potential Synergy Between Enhanced Gastrointestinal Motility and Oral Nutritional/ Metabolic Support
Brief Summary: Factors which delay recovery following uncomplicated abdominal surgery include uncontrolled pain, intolerance of diet and poor mobility. Enhanced recovery after Surgery (ERAS) programmes are perioperative care pathways that address systematically these issues (i.e. improved dynamic pain relief, optimised nutritional care and enforced mobilisation) to promote a faster recovery and a shorter stay. The key treatments that improve outcome within an ERAS programme are not known. Moreover there are few acceptable, objective endpoints to assess key outcome variables such as return of GI function. This randomised trial will assess the potential synergy between early recovery of GI function (laxation) and early postoperative oral nutritional support(with associated preoperative preconditioning using carbohydrate/fluid loading). The main overall outcome targets being improved recovery of gastrointestinal function, postoperative nutritional status and physical function. It will validate the use of a novel, objective technique to measure gastric motility (surrogate for GI function). Such refinement of ERAS should result in shorter hospital stay and better use of limited health care resource.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Exclusion Criteria:

* bile duct stones
* ileus
* conditions affecting gastric emptying
* severe, organ-specific disorders
* HIV
* inherited metabolic disorders
* known intolerance against or allergy to any component of the investigational feeds
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients who underwent elective liver resection for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma or adenocarcinoma with chronic liver diseases.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Body weight loss greater than 10 per cent during the 6 months prior to surgery,
* The presence of distant metastases, or seriously impaired function of vital organs due to respiratory, renal or heart disease.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients undergoing hepatic resection for benign or malignant conditions
* Able to understand the nature of the study and what will be required of them.
* Men and non-pregnant, non-lactating women
* BMI 18 - 30

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability to give written, informed consent
* Patients with dementia or neurological impairment
* Patients with pre-existing condition limiting mobility
* Planned bile duct excision
* Repeat or staged procedures
* Central extended resections
* Underlying cirrhotic liver disease
* Jaundice (Bilirubin \> 50 μmol/L)
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult over 18 years
* Hepatectomy of at least 2 segments
* For primary or secondary cancer
* With cirrhosis (Child Pugh \<8) or liver fibrosis (fibrosis score of 3)
* Informed written consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnancy
* Recent weight loss of more than 10% of body weight
* Immunological deficiency
* Portal or hepatic arterial thrombosis
* Biliary duct dilation

Answer: C
Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Amoxycillin Versus Placebo for Resolution of Otitis Media With Effusion and Prevention of Acute Otitis Media With Perforation in Aboriginal Infants: a Randomised Controlled Trial.
Brief Summary: This clinical trial was conducted in a population where tympanic membrane perforation occurs in 60% infants in the first year of life. Nasopharyngeal colonisation (nasal contamination) with pathogenic bacteria occurs within weeks of life and predicts persistent middle ear infection throughout childhood. The trial aimed to assess whether twice daily antibiotics commencing at first detection of middle ear effusion would cure the infection and/or prevent disease progression, compared to placebo.

The study was conducted in three remote Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory of Australia. The annual birth cohort was 45.

Aboriginal infants were seen as soon as possible after birth, and at 2 weekly intervals until middle ear effusion was detected by pneumatic otoscopy and tympanometry. Following consent, infants were randomised to either amoxycillin(50 mg/kg/d BD) or placebo equivalent for up to 24 weeks, or until normal middle ear status was detected at 2 consecutive monthly scheduled examinations. At monthly examinations the infant also had a general health check, parents were interviewed, child's medical record was reviewed, and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* history of mild ear ache or decreased hearing for three or more months, plus
* intact and immobile tympanic membrane by pneumatic otoscopy
* Type B tympanogram

Exclusion Criteria:

* any external ear condition that hampers visualization of tympanic membrane
* lost to follow up
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy, less than 62 days of age at enrollment

Exclusion Criteria:

* birth weight less than 5 lb (2268 g)
* small for gestational age
* history of neonatal asphyxia or other serious illness
* major congenital abnormality or chronic illness
* multiple birth
* sibling enrolled in the study
* in foster care or adopted before enrollment
* mother dead, seriously ill, a known drug or alcohol abuser before enrollment
* mother judged by study personnel to be too limited socially or intellectually to give informed consent or adhere to the study protocol
* mother less than 18 years of age
* English not the only household language
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* • Children who were between 2 to 6 years old

  * Definite diagnosis of OME with symptoms and examination

Exclusion Criteria:

* • Currently were using corticosteroids or prophylactic monteleukast

  * Chronic pulmonary or cardiac diseases or immune deficiency
  * Allergic rhinitis
  * Hypersensitivity to monteleukast or corticosteroids
  * Avoidance of parents to fill the written informed consent
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Australian Aboriginal
* Living in participating remote community
* Less than 12 months of age

Exclusion Criteria:

* Less than 32 weeks gestation
* Chronic condition requiring continuous antibiotic
* Ear, nose or throat abnormality

Answer: D
Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: N/A
Brief Summary: There is today a growing need for culturally adapted initiatives among immigrants to prevent and treat T2D. Others have failed to increase the level of physical activity in this sedate group. The investigators believe this is due to missing assistance and lack of influence from the Pakistani milieu. To improve this, a culturally adapted physical activity will be established in this project in close cooperation with the Pakistanis themselves.

Through this program it is the investigators' goal to increase their physical activity level and prevent lifestyle diseases among Pakistanis in Oslo with a high risk of developing these diseases.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Residents of the 20 most deprived neighbourhoods in the city of Sheffield
* Aged 40 to 64 years
* Not achieving the current recommended activity level (30 mins of moderate activity on at least 5 days) assessed using the SPAQ (Lowther, 1999) and wishing to have support to become more active

Exclusion Criteria:

* Have increased their physical activity level by at least 30 mins of moderate or vigorous activity per week (assessed using the SPAQ) since initial assessment of activity level
* Capacity to give written informed consent to trial participation
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* mother of infant aged 2-12 months
* sedentary
* healthy, able to do moderate intensity physical activity
* BMI = 18.5-40
* not planning to become pregnant in next year
* woman aged 18-45
* able speak and read English

Exclusion Criteria:

* pregnant
* planning to leave Oahu, Hawaii in the next year (permanently move away)
* a diagnosis of cancer, coronary heart disease (including atrial fibrillation), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and other atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (e.g., stroke),
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Pakistani background
* 25-55 year old
* Physically inactive

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diabetes
* heart condition
* medication that could affect the results
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults of both gender.
* Low physical activity level assessed with International Physical Activity Questionnaire.
* Able to walk and stand up from a chair unaided.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Recommended contradictions to advising physical activity to older adults.
* Presence of unstable angina.
* Uncontrolled congestive heart failure.
* Unstable arrhythmia or heart valvular disease.
* Progressive or debilitating medical conditions.
* Severe hypertension (systolic ≥ 200, or diastolic ≥ 120).

Answer: C
Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Phase 2 Study of Oral Probiotics Reduce the Incidence and Severity of Necrotizing Enterocolitis for Very Low Birth Weight Infants -Multi-Center Randomized Control Trial
Brief Summary: We investigate the efficacy of probiotics in reducing the incidence and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) for very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.A prospective, masked, multi-center randomized control trial will be conducted level III neonatal center to evaluate the beneficial effects of probiotics for NEC among VLBW (\<1500 g) infants. VLBW infants who start to feed enterally are eligible and are randomized into 2 groups after parental informed consents were obtained. Infants in the study group are fed with Infloran (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidus) with breast or formula milk twice daily for 6 weeks. Infants in the control group are fed with breast or formula milk alone. The clinicians caring for the infants are blinded to the group assignment. The primary outcome measurement is death or NEC (≧stage 2).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Preterm infants born between week 28 + 0 days and week 30 + 6 days of gestation.
* Written informed consent signed by the parent or legal guardian.
* Tolerate enteral feeding, at least 10mL / kg / day.
* Postnatal age ≤ 5 days

Exclusion Criteria:

* Child with malformations
* With short bowel syndrome or any surgery in the gastrointestinal tract
* With defect in the intestinal epithelial barrier
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. newborns (\< 2 weeks of life)
2. 32 Weeks of Gestation,
3. weight \< 1500g,
4. Enteral nutrition begun,
5. Clinical stability,
6. Signed consent form from both parents.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. newborns (\>= 2 weeks of life),
2. weight \>= 1500g,
3. pathology avoiding the start of the enteral nutrition,
4. other pathologies of those due to premature and its complications,
5. No signed consent form.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Preterm VLBW infants (birth weight \< 1500 gm) who are enterally fed are eligible for the trial.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Preterm VLBW infants who have severe asphyxia (stage III), fetal chromosome anomalies, fetal cyanotic congenital heart disease, congenital intestine atresia, gastroschisis and omphalocele are excluded.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Very low birth weight infants \< 1500 gr
* Gestational age \< 32 weeks

Exclusion Criteria:

* Genetic anomalies
* Short bowel syndrome
* Not willing to participate
* Allergy to Lactobacillus reuteri components

Answer: C
Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Phase 2 Study of Oral Probiotics Reduce the Incidence and Severity of Necrotizing Enterocolitis for Very Low Birth Weight Infants -Multi-Center Randomized Control Trial
Brief Summary: We investigate the efficacy of probiotics in reducing the incidence and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) for very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.A prospective, masked, multi-center randomized control trial will be conducted level III neonatal center to evaluate the beneficial effects of probiotics for NEC among VLBW (\<1500 g) infants. VLBW infants who start to feed enterally are eligible and are randomized into 2 groups after parental informed consents were obtained. Infants in the study group are fed with Infloran (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidus) with breast or formula milk twice daily for 6 weeks. Infants in the control group are fed with breast or formula milk alone. The clinicians caring for the infants are blinded to the group assignment. The primary outcome measurement is death or NEC (≧stage 2).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant women from families with at least one family member having an allergic disease

Exclusion Criteria:

* Women presenting severe immunological or other chronic diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, thyroid diseases, malignancies etc.)
* Women who cannot be expected to comply with treatment
* Women currently participating or having participated in other clinical trial during the last 2 months prior to the beginning of the intervention.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* VLBW infants admitted to NICU at the first 7 days of life

Exclusion Criteria:

* expected life lower than 7 days,
* babies who could not be fed (any metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal system surgical disorders etc.),
* severe asphyxia,
* severe congenital anomaly
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Admission to the NICU
* Written parental consent
* Birth weight \< 2000 grams
* Hemodynamically stable
* \< 48 hours of age

Exclusion Criteria:

* Evidence or suspicion of congenital intestinal obstruction or perforation
* Prenatal or postnatal diagnosis of gastroschisis, large omphalocele, or congenital diaphragmatic hernia
* Major congenital heart defects
* Anticipated transfer to a NICU not involved in the study
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Preterm VLBW infants (birth weight \< 1500 gm) who are enterally fed are eligible for the trial.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Preterm VLBW infants who have severe asphyxia (stage III), fetal chromosome anomalies, fetal cyanotic congenital heart disease, congenital intestine atresia, gastroschisis and omphalocele are excluded.

Answer: D
Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Prospective Randomized Trials of Gastric Bypass Surgery in Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Brief Summary: Although intensive medical treatment of diabetes has clearly been demonstrated to be worthwhile, it has not been a total success in diabetes treatment for a variety of reasons including lack of response to medication. Diabetes has been well demonstrated as a co-morbidity illness of obesity patients. In observation, with exclusion stomach and duodenum of bariatric surgery (gastric bypass), most morbidly obese patients (about 80%) with diabetes had a significant improved of sugar control. Base of this observation, we will try to find out the role surgical intervention (gastric bypass \& sleeve gastrectomy) in obese-related diabetes.


Options:
A: Swiss patients with approval by health insurance

Patients from outside Switzerland: only if patients or their insurance will cover the costs

Inclusion Criteria:

* BMI\>40

Exclusion Criteria:

* contraindication for bariatric surgery
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 30 to 67 years at eligibility visit.
2. Diagnosed with T2DM at least 6 months prior to enrollment, under the active care of a doctor for at least the six months prior to enrollment, and HbA1c ≥ 8.0 %.
3. Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 30.0 kg/m2 and ≤ 39.9 kg/m2 at eligibility visit.
4. Willingness to accept random assignment to either treatment group.
5. Expect to live or work within approximately one hour's traveling time from the study clinic for the duration of the two-year trial.
6. Willingness to comply with the follow-up protocol and successful completion of the run-in (described below).
7. Written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, coronary artery angioplasty or bypass, stroke) in the past six months.
2. Current evidence of congestive heart failure, angina pectoris, or symptomatic peripheral vascular disease.
3. Cardiac stress test indicating that surgery or IMM would not be safe.
4. Pulmonary embolus or thrombophlebitis in the past six months.
5. Cancer of any kind (except basal cell skin cancer or cancer in situ) unless documented to be disease-free for five years.
6. Significant anemia (hemoglobin 1.0 g or more below normal range) or history of coagulopathy.
7. Serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl.
8. HbA1c \> 14.0%.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient with diagnosis of T2DM for at least 6 months
* Mild to moderate obesity status(BMI 27 - 35 )
* Age : 30 - 60 year-old
* HbA1C \> 8 %

Exclusion Criteria:

* With co-morbidity illness of cardiovascular system
* DM related nephropathy (Cre \>2.0 mg/dl)
* Pulmonary embolism or uncontrolled coagulopathy in 6 months
* HBV or HCV hepatitis or liver cirrhosis, inflammatory colon disease, Cushing syndrome
* s/p organ transplantation
* Previously Bariatric surgery, gastrointestinal surgery, or abdominal sepsis
* Alcoholic or drug abuser
* Psychological disease.
* HIV or TB patient
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Morbidly obese patients

Exclusion Criteria:

-

Answer: C
Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Non-inferiority Comparison of 35 mg Delayed-release Risedronate, Given Once-weekly Either Before or After Breakfast, & 5 mg Immediate-release Risedronate, Given Once-daily Before Breakfast, in the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis.
Brief Summary: The purpose of this trial is to study the efficacy of a 35 mg delayed release weekly dosing regimen as compared to the standard daily dosing regimen of risedronate 5 mg daily.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* At least 4 years post-menopausal

Exclusion Criteria:

* Not currently taking estrogen replacement therapy or undergoing any treatment for osteoporosis
* Diagnosis of breast cancer
* Results of mammogram suggesting breast cancer
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Female: 50 years of age or older
* \>5 years since last menses natural or surgical
* have lumbar spine or total hip BMD more that 2.5 SD below the young adult mean, or have lumbar spine or total hip BMD more than 2.0 SD below the young adult female mean value and also have at least one prevalent vertebral body fracture

Exclusion Criteria:

* history of uncontrolled hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, osteomalacia
* BMI \>32 kg/m
* use of medications within 3 months of starting study drug that impact bone metabolism such as glucocorticoids, estrogens, calcitonin, calcitriol, other bisphosphonates and parathyroid hormone
* hypocalcemia or hypercalcemia of any cause
* markedly abnormal clinical laboratory measurements that are assessed as clinically significant by the investigator
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Women who are in their first 5 years of menopause
* Have a T score between -1 and -2.49 at the femoral neck, total hip, or L1-L4 spine
* Be 19 years of age or older
* Have their health care provider's permission to enroll in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Have osteoporosis
* Have a 10 yr probability of hip fracture \>3% or major fracture \>20% based on results of the fracture risk assessment (FRAX) tool
* Currently take bisphosphonates, estrogen replacement therapy, glucocorticosteroids, or other drugs affecting bone
* Currently participate in a resistance training or high impact weight bearing exercise program three or more times weekly
* Weigh \>300 lbs
* Have abnormal results for the following laboratory tests: serum 25(OH)D; serum creatinine; serum calcium; parathyroid hormone (PTH); thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).
* Have Paget's disease, heart disease, uncontrolled hypertension, renal disease, or other concomitant conditions that prohibit participation in exercises, risedronate therapy, or use of CaD supplements.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis

Exclusion Criteria:

* Any known allergy to the study drug

Answer: B