Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Practice-based Opportunities for Weight Reduction Trial at University of Pennsylvania
Brief Summary: The purpose of the study is to compare three methods of achieving weight loss in primary care medical practice. The study will be conducted in six primary care practices. Weight management will be provided to a total of 390 obese patients (who have 2 or more components of the metabolic syndrome) by their own primary care providers, in conjunction with the practices' auxiliary health professionals, including medical assistants.


Options:
A: Overweight men and women who took medication for hypertension, type 2 diabetes and/or hyperlipidemia in the six month weight loss phase. and who were able to lose approximately 9 pounds. There will be approximately 60% women and 40% African Americans.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 years of age or older at time of consent, may be men or women.
* Capable of giving informed consent
* Have a cellular phone capable of receiving text messages.
* Able to adhere to the study visit schedule and other protocol requirements.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Non-English speaking individuals
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥ 21 years

  * BMI 30-50 kg/m2 and weight ≤ 400 lbs.
  * At least 2 of 5 criteria for metabolic syndrome

    * Elevated waist circumference (\> 102 cm for men, \> 88 cm for women)
    * Elevated blood pressure (≥ 130/85 mmHg)
    * Impaired fasting glucose (≥ 100 mg/dl)
    * Elevated triglycerides (≥ 150 mg/dl)
    * Low HDL cholesterol (\< 40 for men, \< 50 mg/dl for women)
  * Willing to change diet, physical activity and weight
  * Willing to accept randomization to each group
  * Able to give informed consent
  * Patient of participating PCP

Persons with the following conditions are eligible with PCP approval:

* Diabetes mellitus
* Prior CVD event \> 6 months before randomization
* Stable CVD or peripheral vascular disease

Exclusion Criteria:

* Serious medical condition likely to hinder accurate measurement of weight, or for which weight loss is contraindicated, or which would cause weight loss (e.g., end-stage renal disease on dialysis, cancer diagnosis or treatment within 2 yrs)
* Prior or planned bariatric surgery
* Chronic use (at least past 6 months) of medications likely to cause weight gain or prevent weight loss (e.g. corticosteroids, lithium, olanzapine, risperidone, clozapine)
* Unintentional weight loss within 6 months of enrollment (≥ 5% of body weight)
* Intentional weight loss within 6 months of enrollment (≥ 5% of body weight)
* Pregnant or nursing within past 6 months
* Plans to relocate from the area within 2 years
* Another member of household is a study participant or staff in the trial
* Consumes \> 14 alcoholic drinks per week
* Current use of illicit substances
* Psychiatric hospitalization in last year
* Psychiatric condition likely to impair adherence to treatment (e.g., schizophrenia)
* Blood pressure ≥ 160/100 mmHg; patient may be re-screened in 1 month
* Principal Investigator or PCP discretion
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 70 or over
* Followed in VA primary care or geriatrics clinic
* Currently not regularly physically active
* Able to walk 10 meters without human assistance (assistive device acceptable)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age 70 or over
* Followed in VA primary care or geriatrics clinic
* Currently not regularly physically active
* Able to walk 10 meters without human assistance (assistive device acceptable)
* A terminal diagnosis

Answer: C