Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effects and Mechanisms of Intensive Robot-Assisted Therapy in Patients With Subacute Stroke: Outcomes in Brain/Movement Reorganization, Sensorimotor and Daily Functions, and Physiological Markers.
Brief Summary: Robot-assisted training (RT) devices developed to date have a significant impact on stroke rehabilitation. Several research groups have developed the robotic devices and examined their efficacy on improving upper limb function after stroke. All these robotic devices have been applied in stroke rehabilitation and their efficacy are evaluated, but the scientific evidence for the mechanisms of RT-induced recovery, the optimal treatment intensity, and the impact on physiological responses is still lacking.

This trial is to examine (1) the immediate effects of treatment intensity in RT on sensorimotor impairments and functional performance in patients with subacute stroke; (2) the long-term benefits of treatment intensity in RT by conducting a 6-month follow up evaluation; and (3) the effects of RT on cortical/movement reorganization as well as on the physiological markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and erythrocyte deformability. These overall findings will help better understanding of the efficacy of RT on functional outcomes, brain and movement reorganization, and physiological markers.


Options:
A: Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); Motor Status Scale (MSS) (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); MyotonPRO (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); Muscle metabolism (NIRS) (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); Box and Block Test (BBT) (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); Revised Nottingham Sensory Assessment (RNSA) (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); Functional Independence Measure (FIM) (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); Motor Activity Log (MAL) (At baseline, immediately after the completion of intervention, at a 6-month follow up); ABILHAND Questionnaire (At baseline, immediately after the completion of intervention, at a 6-month follow up); Adelaide Activities Profile (AAP) (At baseline, immediately after the completion of intervention, at a 6-month follow up); EQ-5D-5L (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); Accelerometers (At baseline, immediately after the completion of intervention, at a 6-month follow-up.); Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); Kinematic analysis (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); Inflammatory markers (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); Oxidative stress markers (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); Erythrocyte deformability (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention); Blood glucose indicators (At baseline and immediately after the completion of intervention)
B: Change scores of Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) (Baseline, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 16 weeks, and 28 weeks); Change scores of Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) (Baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks); Change scores of Motor Activity Log (MAL) (Baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks, 16 weeks, and 28 weeks); Change scores of Stroke Impact Scale Version 3.0 (SIS 3.0) (Baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks, 16 weeks, and 28 weeks); Change scores of Revised Nottingham Sensory Assessment (rNSA) (Baseline, and 4 weeks)
C: Will include the accuracy (defined as the difference between the straight line connecting the origin and the target and the line followed by the subject) during reaching. One of the additional outcomes is the time to complete a reaching task.
D: Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity (FM-UE) (from baseline to day 3 post-training)

Answer: A