Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Development and Evaluation of a Diabetes-specific Cognitive Behavioural Treatment (DS-CBT) for Diabetic Patients With Subthreshold Depression
Brief Summary: This work is supported by the "Kompetenznetz Diabetes mellitus (Competence Network for Diabetes mellitus)" funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (FKZ 01GI0809).

Approximately one third of diabetic patients has elevated depressive symptoms. The majority of these patients are suffering from a subthreshold depression. In spite of the fact that subthreshold depression has an equivalent negative impact on the prognosis of diabetes as clinical depression, there is no specific intervention tool. The main objective of this project is to develop a diabetes specific cognitive behavioural treatment (DS-CBT) for diabetic patients with subthreshold depression. In a randomized trail DS-CBT is compared to standard diabetes education. A total of 188 diabetic patients will be recruited and randomly assigned to the two treatment conditions. The expected main outcome is the reduction of subthreshold depression under DS-CBT in a 12 month follow up. Secondary variables are improvement of glycaemic control, quality of life, diabetes self-management as well as reduction of health care costs and modification of inflammatory parameters.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* 50 years and over
* 'At Risk' by having one or more of the following: a. Visits to emergency dept within the past 6 months; b. Admission to hospital for a medical problem in past 6 months; c. High service use profiles; d. Polypharmacy; e. Other high risk factors
* Capable of giving informed consent
* Able to use the Care Companion technology

Exclusion Criteria:

* Cognitive impairment such that they cannot give informed consent
* Unable or unwilling to use the telehomecare equipment
* Unlikely to tolerate the intensive intervention
* Language or cultural barriers
* Being acutely ill or having an unstable condition on entry to the study
B: Inclusion:

1. at least 60 years of age;
2. have an Elder Risk Assessment (ERA) Index score of 16 or greater;
3. Are able to participate fully in all aspects of the study;
4. Have been provided with, understand, and have signed the informed consent;

Exclusion:

1. patients who are currently residing in a nursing home
2. patients with a clinical diagnosis of dementia
3. patients with a score of ≤29 on the Kokmen short test of mental status
4. patients for whom we cannot obtain informed consent.
5. patient under the age of 60 will also be excluded from participating.
6. patients who have not granted Universal Research Authorization to use medical records.
7. patients will also be excluded if the subject would not be able to use the interventional machine
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* 80 years and older or 65 to 79 years and having at least one chronic disease and being dependent in at least one activity of daily living

Exclusion Criteria:

* acute severely sick who immediately needs the assessment of a physician (within ten minutes)
* those with diagnosis of dementia (or severe cognitive impairment)
* patients in palliative care
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diabetes mellitus
* Elevated depressive symptoms (regarding to CES-D)
* Age \>= 18 and \<=70
* Sufficient German language skills
* Informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Current MDD
* Current schizophrenia/ psychotic disorder, eating disorder, bipolar disorder, addictive disorder, personality disorder
* Current antidepressive medication
* Current psychotherapy
* Severe physical illness (i.e. cancer)
* Being bedridden
* Guardianship

Answer: D