Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Modifying Risk in Ventral Hernia Patients
Brief Summary: A pre-operative physical conditioning and weight loss intervention (prehabilitation) compared to standard counseling prior to ventral hernia repair for obese patients (BMI 30-40 kg/m2) at a safety-net hospital results in a higher proportion of patients being hernia- and complication-free 2 years after surgical consultation.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient desires an elective surgical repair
* Diagnosis of a ventral hernia with width on CT scan of 3-20 cm in diameter
* Age 18 years or greater
* Able to give informed consent
* BMI of 30-40 kg/m2
* Surgical candidate based upon surgeon assessment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patient has a severe comorbid condition likely to limit survival to \< 2 years
* Patient has cirrhosis with or without ascites
* Patient has a bowel obstruction, strangulation, peritonitis, or perforation
* Patient has an indication for urgent surgery determined by surgeon such as full-thickness skin breakdown, enterocutaneous fistula, intermittent incarceration, or severe symptoms
* Patient has a local or systemic infection
* Patient is a prisoner
* Patient is pregnant or intends to become pregnant during the study period
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18 and above
* Referred electively for colorectal resection for benign (polyposis adenoma diverticulitis) or non-disseminated colon and rectum cancers
* Referred electively for colorectal resection for colon reconstruction for non-active inflammatory bowel disease
* Referred electively for colorectal resection for fibrostenotic conditions that are a feature of Crohn's disease.

Exclusion Criteria:

* People with American Society of Anesthesiologists health status class 4-5
* Co-morbid medical conditions interfering with the ability to participate in either group or complete the testing procedures (e.g. dementia, disabling orthopedic and neuromuscular disease, psychosis)
* Patients at high risk for a cardiac complication during exercise at home: severe aortic stenosis, cardiac failure Class IV NYHA, myocardial infarction within 6 months, congestive heart failure, and unstable angina
* Persons with sepsis; and treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy during six months prior to the date of surgery
* Those with very low exercise tolerance (\<3.5 METS) as determined by the baseline exercise test
* Anyone with a cardiac arrhythmia that manifests during the baseline exercise testing, prior to randomization
* Those people who are already in excellent physical condition owing to a regular participation in a high intensity physical activity. On testing, persons whose age-predicted value on the 6MWT exceeds 130% will be excluded (expected \<10%)
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Outpatient of thoracic surgery department in Peking Union Medical College Hospital
2. From 18 y/o to 70 y/o
3. Suspected of lung cancer
4. Decide to take the elective thoracoscopic surgery in Peking Union Medical College Hospital

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Refuse or fail to cooperate the study (due to any reason)
2. ASA grade ≥ III
3. Unable to tolerate prehabilitaion strategy (including exercise guide, whey protein and psycho-relaxation exercise)
4. Other severe cardio-pulmonary diseases that would affect the 6MWD
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* referred for scheduled surgery for nonmetastasized colorectal cancer
* age \> 18 years old

Exclusion Criteria:

* asa 4-5
* Poor English or French comprehension
* severe co-morbid disease interfering with ability to perform exercise at home or complete testing

Answer: A