Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effect of Fructose on Metabolic Control in Humans: A Series of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses to Provide Evidence-based Guidance for Nutrition Guidelines Development
Brief Summary: Diabetes and heart associations continue to discourage high intakes of dietary fructose, a constituent part of the sucrose molecule that is found in fruits and vegetables as a natural sugar and in some processed foods and beverages as an added sweetener. The concern relates to its ability to increase certain blood fats and cholesterol, which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The evidence for an adverse effect of fructose on these risk factors, however, is inconclusive. To improve the evidence on which nutrition recommendations for fructose are based, the investigators therefore propose to study the effect of fructose on blood fats, cholesterol, sugars, blood pressure, and body weight, by undertaking a systematic synthesis of the data taken from all available clinical studies in humans. This technique has the strength of allowing all of the available data to be pooled together and differences to be explored in groups of different study participants (healthy humans of different sex, weight, and age and in those with diseases which predispose to disturbances in metabolism, such as diabetes) with dietary fructose in different forms, doses, and with differing durations of exposure. The findings generated by this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of consumers through informing recommendations for the general public, as well as those at risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Walnut group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Walnuts | Arm Label: Control group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: habitual diet | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Walnuts; Assigned to Arm(s): Walnut group | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: habitual diet; Assigned to Arm(s): Control group
B: Arm Label: fructose sweetened beverage; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Soft drink consumption | Arm Label: glucose sweetened beverage; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Soft drink consumption | Arm Label: sucrose sweetened beverage; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Soft drink consumption | Arm Label: No change of eating habits; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Soft drink consumption | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Soft drink consumption; Assigned to Arm(s): No change of eating habits, fructose sweetened beverage, glucose sweetened beverage, sucrose sweetened beverage
C: Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Dietary fructose; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
D: Arm Label: Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB); Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) | Arm Label: Non-nutritive sweetened beverage (NSB); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Non-nutritive sweetened beverages (NSB) | Arm Label: Water; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Water | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB); Assigned to Arm(s): Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Non-nutritive sweetened beverages (NSB); Assigned to Arm(s): Non-nutritive sweetened beverage (NSB) | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Water; Assigned to Arm(s): Water

Answer: C