Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Use of Motivational Interviewing to Increase Contraception Use Among Young Women: a Randomized Control Trial
Brief Summary: Study design: This is a 2-phase study. During the first phase, the investigators developed a contraceptive counseling intervention based on the principles of Motivational Interviewing, trained counselors, and conducted a small pilot study to develop skills and refine the intervention.

The second phase is this feasibility randomized controlled trial (RCT) to compare outcomes between:

Group 1 - Women randomized to a 20-40 minute contraceptive counseling session based on the principles of motivational interviewing, vs.

Group 2 - Women receiving usual clinic care.

Population: Women, aged 15-29 years, presenting to the University of Chicago family planning clinic for termination of an unintended pregnancy.

Hypothesis: A larger proportion of women who are randomized to receive the MI counseling intervention will be using very effective contraception 3 months after the intervention.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* age 18 years or older
* seeking contraception
* Spanish or English speaking
* has access to a telephone
* willing to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* age less than 18 years
* not fluent in English or Spanish
* not able to have access to a phone
* not seeking contraception
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* ages 18-44
* fertile
* can provide informed consent
* had vaginal intercourse with a man in the past 3 months
* uses ineffective or no contraception
* speaks and reads English
* reports drinking more than seven standard drinks per week on average or more than one binge drinking episode (more than 3 standard drinks on one occasion) during the past 3 months
* if opioid dependent with recent use, is enrolled in opiate agonist treatment
* planning to remain available for the follow-up period

Exclusion Criteria:

* pregnancy
* cognitive disorders including mental retardation, dementia, or active -psychosis that could impair ability to understand the intervention material or give informed consent
* current Major Depressive Disorder that could diminish responsiveness to interventions focused on promoting change
* currently opioid dependent with active use and not engaged in opiate agonist treatment
* concurrently participating in another behavioral intervention study during the study period targeting drinking or contraception efficacy that could interfere with or augment the intervention in the EARLY project.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Aged 15-29 years
2. Presenting for elective termination of an unintended pregnancy
3. Has not had contraceptive counseling from the team.
4. Willing and able to understand and comply with study protocol
5. Willing and able to sign an informed consent in English

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Current pregnancy intended
2. Current pregnancy desired
3. Reason for pregnancy termination not elective (e.g. fetal anomalies, pregnancy resulted from rape or incest)
4. Plans pregnancy within 6 months
5. Has been administered any sedatives or cervical ripening agents
6. For minors, must not be a ward of the state.
D: Inclusion criteria:

* Sexually active females 16 to 24 years of age who present to a University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) clinic and request to initiate oral contraception for birth control.

Exclusion criteria:

* Women who are currently pregnant or breastfeeding.
* Women who wish to become pregnant within the next 12 months.
* Women who have a medical contraindication to use of estrogen (e.g., thromboembolic disease, acute liver disease, breast cancer, genital cancer, or undiagnosed genital bleeding).
* Women wishing to initiate use of a contraceptive method that is not oral, such as transdermal (the patch) or injectable (DMPA) methods, or the vaginal ring.
* Current and previous users of oral contraceptives.

Answer: C