Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Mixed Methods Investigation of Brief Mindfulness Training and Self-injury Attentional Bias Among Self-injuring Adolescents
Brief Summary: My study will employ a convergent mixed methods two-arm parallel randomized controlled design. The qualitative strand will primarily rely on semi-structured interview procedures to answer the following questions: (1) How do adolescents perceive and experience the phenomenon of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI)? (2) What do adolescents believe needs to be done to address NSSI? The quantitative strand will primarily rely on clinical interview data, self-report measures, and an experimental task protocol to answer the following question: What is the impact of a brief mindfulness induction (versus a control condition) on self-injury attentional bias among self-injuring adolescents?


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Veteran service member
2. Recently admitted to an inpatient psychiatry unit at the VAMC site following a suicide attempt
3. 18 or more years of age
4. Consents to participate in baseline and follow-up interviews and gives permission to review records for previous year and subsequent year.
5. Consents to randomization and participation in TMBI + follow-up or Care as Usual
6. Consents to audio recording in order for PI to conduct adherence rating

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Significant psychosis, cognitive, or other problems that prevent participant from understanding the study procedures or renders them unable to provide informed consent (suggesting that psychosocial therapeutic care is contra-indicated)
2. Judicially-ordered to treatment (e.g., subsequent to domestic violence) such that participation in study procedures could not be considered voluntary and participant is not free to drop out without significant negative consequences.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* The patient has been correctly informed
* The patient must have given his/her informed and signed consent
* The patient must be insured or beneficiary of a health insurance plan
* French speaking adults (18 years or older) freely hospitalized (in centres or via emergency services) for prevention of suicide and who have a medium or high suicide risk score according to a Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview structured interview
* Presence of suicidal ideation according to the Beck Suicide Ideation Scale (score \> 3)
* Prior (or recent) suicide attempt within the last three month
* The patient is able to understand the study and capable of giving his/her informed consent
* The patient is available during the weekly time slots proposed by the investigator

Exclusion Criteria:

* The patient is participating in another study that may interfere with the results or conclusions of this study
* Within the past three months, the patient has participated in another study that may interfere with the results or conclusions of this study
* The patient is in an exclusion period determined by a previous study
* The patient is under judicial protection, or is an adult under guardianship
* The patient refuses to sign the consent, or it is impossible to correctly inform the patient
* Emergency situations preventing proper study conduct
* History of schizophrenia or other psychotic troubles
* Presence of psychotic symptoms at initial interview
* Serious cognitive impairment
* Medical incapacity to participate
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* To be included in the study, a participant must be: 1) at least 12 years old and no more than 18 years old, 2) able to understand and communicate in English, 3) willing and able to participate in all study procedures, and 4) currently engaging in nonsuicidal self-injury OR have a history of nonsuicidal self-injury.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Individuals will be excluded from the study if they are experiencing a suicidal crisis at the time of the study procedures (e.g., they endorse suicidal ideation, planning, and intent as determined by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 7.0) and require crisis intervention or hospitalization.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 18-60
2. Frequent current NSSI (including cutting in which the skin is broken; self-hitting in which there is bruising; or burning in which there is evidence of a burn. Will not enroll if skin-picking or scratching is the only form of self-injury): has engaged in ≥2 episodes of NSSI in the two months prior to enrollment
3. Capacity to provide informed consent
4. If carries a diagnosis of bipolar I or II disorder, taking or willing to begin a therapeutic dose of a mood stabilizer.
5. Normal hearing.
6. Physical capacity (e.g., manual dexterity) to set-up and self-administer tDCS. -

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Unstable medical conditions based on medical history or physical examination
2. Current psychotic disorder, mania, hypomania, intellectual disability
3. Dermatologic condition resulting in non-intact skin on the scalp
4. Significant suicidal ideation with a plan and intent that cannot be managed safely as an outpatient
5. Pregnancy, currently lactating, or planning to conceive during the course of study participation.
6. A neurological disease or prior head trauma with evidence of cognitive impairment. Subjects who endorse a history of prior head trauma and score ≥ 1.5 standard deviations below the mean on the Trailmaking A\&B will be excluded from study participation.
7. Current alcohol or substance use disorder that is severe according to DSM-V criteria
8. Individuals who initiated or increased the dose of concurrent psychiatric medications (including antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotic medications, mood stabilizers, and benzodiazepines) within two weeks prior to enrollment
9. Individuals who initiated psychotherapy within two weeks prior to enrollment
10. Current seizure disorder.
11. Use of anticonvulsant medications that target the GABA system (e.g., gabapentin).
12. Individuals currently using benzodiazepines who are unwilling or unable to refrain from the use of benzodiazepine medications for at least 72 hours before the first tDCS session and throughout the duration of the 2-week tDCS intervention.
13. Metal implants or paramagnetic objects contained within the body (including heart pacemaker, shrapnel, or surgical prostheses) which may present a risk to the subject or interfere with the MRI scan, according to the guidelines set forth in the following reference book commonly used by neuroradiologists: "Guide to MR procedures and metallic objects," F.G. Shellock, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins NY 2001. Additionally transdermal patches will be removed during the MR study at the discretion of the investigator.
14. Claustrophobia significant enough to interfere with MRI scanning
15. Weight that exceeds 325 lbs or inability to fit into MRI scanner
16. Suicide attempt within the past 3 months
17. Serious self-harm resulting in hospitalization within the past 3 months.

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Answer: C