Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: ONE WEEK VERSUS FOUR WEEK HEPARIN PROPHYLAXIS IN PATIENTS WITH COLORECTAL CANCER UNDERGOING LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY: INCIDENCE OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM AND BLEEDING COMPLICATIONS. THE PRO-LAPS STUDY.
Brief Summary: Overall, only limited evidence exists regarding the clinical benefit of antithrombotic prophylaxis after laparoscopic surgery for cancer. Four studies reported on the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after laparoscopic surgery for cancer. These studies differ concerning study design, site of cancer, regimens for antithrombotic prophylaxis and reported incidence of VTE.

The aim of this multicenter, randomized study is to assess the clinical benefit of extended (4 weeks) compared to short (one week) heparin prophylaxis after laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

Cancer patient with metastatic or locally advanced solid tumor of lung, pancreas, stomach, colon/rectum, bladder or ovary initiating a (new) course of chemotherapy with a minimum intent of 3 months therapy

Exclusion Criteria:

* Required systematic venous thromboprophylaxis or curative treatment with anti-coagulant or thrombolytic;
* High risk of bleeding;
* Severe renal impairment (estimated creatinine clearance \<30 mL/min);
* ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) performance status 3 \& 4;
* Major surgery within 4 weeks before randomization;
* Known hypersensitivity to unfractionated heparin \[UFH\] or low molecular weight heparin \[LMWH\].

The above information is not intended to contain all considerations relevant to a patient's potential participation in a clinical trial
B: INCLUSION CRITERIA:

* both sexes;aged\>18 years;
* suffering from different types of malignancies(lung, breast,gastric,colon- rectum,pancreatic,ovarian,head and neck cancer)undergoing systemic chemotherapy,
* having signed Informed Consent prior to initiation of any study procedure.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

* adjuvant and neo-adjuvant chemotherapy;
* objectively confirmed venous or arterial thromboembolism in the last three months;
* antithrombotic treatment for other indications;
* life expectancy of less than 3 months;
* Performance Status\>2(ECOG);
* active bleeding or bleedings in the last four weeks requiring hospitalization,transfusion or surgical intervention;
* bleeding diathesis(prothrombin time\<70% or activated partial thromboplastin time ratio\>1.3),or platelet count\<50x10\^9/L;
* cerebrovascular hemorrhage in the last six months;
* known active gastric or duodenal ulcer;
* known cerebral metastasis;
* cerebral aneurysm;
* III-IV grade diabetic retinopathy;
* severe and uncontrolled hypertension(systolic blood pressure\>180 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure\>110 mmHg);
* chronic atrial fibrillation;
* acute endocarditis;
* acute pancreatitis;
* known hypersensitivity to unfractionated heparin or LMWH;
* previous occurrence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia;
* renal impairment (dependent on dialysis or creatinine higher than 2.5mg%);
* liver insufficiency (alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase levels\>3 times the upper limit of the normal ranges and/or total bilirubin \>3.0 mg/ml);
* pregnancy or childbearing potential without adequate contraception;
* treatment with other investigational drugs or patient inclusion in other clinical trials;
* patients who are unable to fulfill the study requirements in terms of visits/compliance to treatment.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Consecutive patients who had
* planned laparoscopic surgery for
* colorectal cancer will be included in the study provided no exclusion criteria will be found

Exclusion Criteria:

* age \< 18 years
* surgery for non-cancer disease
* duration of surgery \< 45 min
* other indication for anticoagulant therapy
* known cerebral metastases
* kidney or liver failure
* known hemorrhagic diathesis or high risk for bleeding
* history of intracerebral bleeding or neurosurgery within 6 months, history of heparin induced thrombocytopenia
* pregnancy or lactation
* refusal of informed consent.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients diagnosed as gastric cancer
* Elective and curative under general anesthesia
* ECOG score 0-2
* ASA score 3 or less than 3
* Informed consents

Exclusion Criteria:

* 2nd primary cancer
* VTE history within one year
* Anticoagulation history
* Allergic to heparin
* Pregnancy or expected pregnancy

Answer: C