Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Randomized Prospective Trial of a Mobile Health Application for Asthma Self-Management
Brief Summary: The investigators aim to study the clinical efficacy of a mobile health application, AsthmaCare, and it's impact on long term health outcomes for asthma. AsthmaCare is a novel application developed by members of the study team that was previously studied in a pilot study of 21 children/teenagers 9-16 years old. During the 30 day pilot study, there was universal usage and acceptance by all participants of this novel form of technology and asthma management. This current study aims to measure clinical outcomes for users of the app.


Options:
A: Inclusion:

* Aged 18 years or older
* Have an established asthma-diagnosis according to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines and/or
* Have an established COPD diagnosis according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines (severity GOLD I-IV based on the international GOLD-Criteria) \[46\] and
* Are prescribed daily inhaled medication (controller medication for a daily maintenance treatment)
* Had at least one exacerbation in the previous 12 months before study start
* With a metered dose Inhaler (e.g. Ventolin®), Diskus (e.g.Seretide®), Turbohaler (e.g.Symbicort®), Aerolizer/Breezhaler (e.g.Onbrez®), HandiHaler (e.g. Spiriva®) or Ellipta (e.g Relvar®)

Exclusion:

* Suffering from malignancies and/or other severe diseases
* Insufficient in the German language
* Pregnant or lactating
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Ages 13 - 18 years
* Prior asthma diagnosis
* Use of a prescribed asthma medication in the past 12 months
* Uncontrolled asthma, defined as (1) daytime symptoms 3+ days per week, (2) night awakenings 1+ nights per week, or (3) 2+ exacerbation events, i.e. 2+ steroid bursts; 2+ emergency department visits, or 1+ hospitalization for asthma.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Co-morbid diseases that affect lung functioning
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Physician diagnosis of persistent asthma defined by treatment with at least one daily controller medication
* Fluent English speaking
* Subject must have access to an iOS or Android device in order to download and use the mobile health application
* At least one Emergency Department or Urgent Care visit due to asthma exacerbation in the 12 months prior to enrollment

Exclusion Criteria:

* No prescription/recommendation to use a daily controller medication
* Non-English speaking
* Lack of access to an iOS or Android device
* Current or prior use of AsthmaCare mobile health application at any time. Research assistant will assess by reviewing beforehand a complete list of people who have already downloaded the app
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* English-speaking individuals between 15-21
* Persistent asthma (diagnosis made by a healthcare provider)
* On a daily controller medication
* Able to give informed consent
* Smartphone (iOS or Android) access

Exclusion Criteria:

* Use of oral corticosteroids in the 2 weeks prior to the baseline visit
* Pregnancy
* Severe psychiatric or cognitive problems that would prohibit an individual from understanding and completing the protocol
* Patients that previously received the ASTHMA-Educator application

Answer: C