Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Reducing Provider Workload While Preserving Patient Safety: A 2-Way Texting Intervention in Zimbabwe's Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Program
Brief Summary: Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) in sub-Saharan Africa is safe: the average rate of moderate and severe adverse events (AEs) at the country level is 0.8%, corresponding to 99% of men healing without incident. To reach the global target of 20 million by 2018, VMMC productivity needs to double in countries already plagued by severe healthcare worker shortages like Zimbabwe. The ZAZIC consortium partners with the Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care (MoHCC) and performed over 120,000 VMMCs. Current VMMC care in Zimbabwe requires in-person, follow-up visits at post-operative days 2,7, and 42. Over 95% adhere to multiple follow-up visits within 14 days of VMMC. ZAZIC's program has an overall AE rate of 0.4%; therefore, overstretched clinic staff conducted more than 200,000 unnecessary reviews for VMMC clients without complications. High mobile phone ownership, severe healthcare worker shortages, and rapid VMMC scale up make ZAZIC's VMMC program an ideal setting to test a mobile health (mHealth) intervention to reduce provider workload while safeguarding patient safety. Through an un-blinded, prospective, randomized, control trial (RCT) in high-volume facilities providing VMMC, ZAZIC will implement an interactive, two-way texting (2wT) intervention to identify men healing without complication, allowing them to decline routine in-person follow up visits. 2wT will simultaneously identify men with any sign of an adverse event, encouraging rapid in-person follow-up when an AE is suspected on any day, reducing unnecessary visits while maintaining quality care. We aim to 1) determine if 2wT can safely reduce VMMC follow-up visits; 2) estimate the cost savings associated with 2wT over routine VMMC follow-up; and 3) assess the acceptability and feasibility of 2wT for further scale-up. It is expected that this intervention with be as safe as routine care while providing distinct advantages in terms of efficiency, costs, and reduced healthcare worker burden. This approach is innovative as it focuses on using a low-cost mHealth intervention to reduce provider workload without deterioration in quality care. The success of this intervention could lead to adoption of this intervention at the national level, increasing efficiency of VMMC scale up and reducing burdens on providers and patients


Options:
A: Arm Label: Standard Care; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Arm Label: Text Messages; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Daily Text Messages | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Daily Text Messages; Assigned to Arm(s): Text Messages
B: Arm Label: Encouragement Arm; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: digital family planning screening and referral service | Arm Label: Control Arm; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: digital family planning screening and referral service; Assigned to Arm(s): Encouragement Arm
C: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Text messaging reminders | Arm Label: 2; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Text messaging reminders; Assigned to Arm(s): 1
D: Arm Label: Text-based VMMC follow-up; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Text-based follow-up | Arm Label: Routine VMMC follow-up care; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Text-based follow-up; Assigned to Arm(s): Text-based VMMC follow-up

Answer: D