Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Sleep-directed Hypnosis As A Complement To CPT In Treating PTSD
Brief Summary: Sleep impairment is the most often reported of the 17 PTSD symptoms and is considered one of the most refractory to treatment. This study proposes the use of sleep-directed hypnotherapy to address sleep issues as a complementary element to empirically supported Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) in treating PTSD in sexual and physical assault survivors. Specifically the study aims to: 1) compare the results of sleep-directed hypnosis plus CPT with CPT only, 2) to assess the relationship between sleep and PTSD symptoms, 3) to examine relationships between sleep improvement, PTSD symptom improvement, and the therapeutic elements (hypnosis, exposure, cognitive therapy) to determine mechanisms of action in the intervention, 4) to assess the relationship between sleep and physical reactivity to trauma-related cues and to other stimuli.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Current rape-related PTSD
* Regular access to a computer
* English language literacy
* Experience of completed rape at age 14 years or older

Exclusion Criteria:

* No current PTSD
* Current psychotherapy
* Lack of stability on psychotropic medication (\< 3 months)
* Lack of literacy in English
* Current substance dependence
* Current elevated suicidality
* Severe acute distress
* No experience of completed rape after age 14
B: Inclusion criteria:

1. Between the ages of 15-49 years;
2. Consent to participation;
3. Resident of at least 6 months in study community;
4. Enrollment into RCCS at baseline (2005-06);
5. Report of sexual activity or being in a partnership in the year prior to the baseline interview;
6. Provision of follow-up information on variables of interest.
7. For HIV incidence, only participants with initial HIV-negative serostatus at their baseline visit were included in the analyses.

Exclusion criteria:

1. Younger than 15 years and older than 49 years;
2. Did not consent to participation;
3. Non-resident in study community;
4. Not enrolled in RCCS between 2005-06;
5. Not yet sexually active or not sexually active during year prior to baseline;
6. Incomplete follow up information on variables of interest;
7. HIV positive at baseline
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Participants will be at least three months post-crime at the time of their participation and will have been diagnosed with PTSD. Participants will score at least a "3" on the CAPS symptom of sleep impairment. This score is indicative of clinically significant symptomatology on any PTSD symptom. There is no upper limit on time since the trauma for participation.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Exclusion criteria for participants include psychosis, mental retardation, active suicidality, parasuicidality, or current addiction to drugs or alcohol. In the case of apparent illiteracy, we will try to accommodate the individual as much as possible to maximize success in the program. In addition, participants cannot be in a currently abusive relationship or being stalked. For marital rape or domestic violence, the participant must have been out of the relationship for at least three months. Participants can have received any therapy in the past with the exception of CPT. They may be receiving concurrent therapy as long as it is not trauma-focused. Allowing subjects to continue with concurrent therapy offers them the option to continue with established supports and more closely mimics clinical practice and the generalizability of the results. Participants will be asked to monitor and adhere to several behaviors that significantly impact sleep and may introduce error into the study aims. Inability or unwillingness to comply the the following will constitute exclusion criteria: Participants will be asked not to increase sleep medications, but to continue usual practice. This usage will be monitored on a daily basis on the sleep diaries. Daytime sleeping or naps will be monitored on the daily diaries and used as an outcome measure as naps are utilized less and less frequently across time in a number of insomnia treatment studies. Participants will also be asked to keep alcohol consumption to no more than 14 servings per week with no more than 5 servings on any given day. We will also ask participants to consume no more than 500 mg of caffeine on a daily basis and to refrain from caffeine consumption after 6 pm. We will further ask participants to maintain their bedtime and rise time during the work week and to not vary these times by more than one hour on days off. Participants will record bedtime and rise time on their daily diaries. Participants will be asked to maintain these sleep-related behaviors for the duration of therapy - approximately 8-10 weeks.
D: Inclusion Criteria - Women with a diagnosis of substance abuse or dependence who also have either full or sub-threshold DSM-IV PTSD.

Exclusion Criteria:

- Women will be excluded from the study who have current psychotic disorders, or a history of active psychosis (past two months); women with a diagnosis of substance abuse or dependence who also have either full or sub-threshold DSM-IV PTSD; and women who have current psychotic disorders, or a history of active psychosis (past two months).

Answer: C