Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Randomized Trial of Physical Activity Self-Management Intervention for Patients With COPD
Brief Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common condition associated with major disability. There is strong evidence that pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) improves outcomes and is cost saving, but fewer than 2% of patients have access to these programs. New methods of PR are needed to increase access of patients with COPD to these established benefits. To address this gap we propose a novel physical activity self-management (PASM) program based on an evidence-based physical activity intervention designed to increase physical activity and quality of life. Key components of the program include tailored telephone counseling, a workbook, and computer-assisted telephone follow-up. We will test the following two hypotheses: 1) Patients with COPD who receive PASM have clinically and statistically significant improvements in functional performance (i.e., Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire \[CRQ\] dyspnea domain and 6-minute walk) compared to patients who receive UC. 2) The PASM program is more cost-effective compared to the UC. The project addresses a major gap in the current management of COPD and may provide a novel, cost-effective strategy for improving functional performance and health status.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with any established underlying medical diagnosis with breathlessness on exertion or at rest.
* Cancer patients who have risk factors for breathlessness( risk factors include a history of smoking, asthma or COPD, lung irradiation, exposure to asbestos, coal dust, cotton dust or grain dust, lung involvement by cancer)
* Respiratory muscle weakness
* Anxiety.
* Patients must have advanced disease that is refractory to maximal optimised medical management. - Patients must be able to engage with a short term physiotherapy and occupational therapy intervention.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with breathlessness of unknown cause.
* Chronic hyperventilation syndrome.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* A physician diagnosis of COPD
* Age 45 years and older
* Affirmative response to "Are you short of breath when hurrying on the level or walking up a slight hill?"
* Post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC \<0.7 and FEV1 \<70%

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability to speak/read English
* Lives in a chronic care facility (i.e., nursing home, assisted living)
* Plans to move from the area within the next 18 months
* Life expectancy less than 12 months
* Participation in pulmonary rehabilitation or other clinical research in the past 12 months
* Inability to walk without assistance of a wheelchair or walker
* Inability to walk at least 110m on a 6-minute walk
* Uncontrolled angina, hypertension, psychiatric illness, or dementia
* Inability to obtain supplemental oxygen if indicated
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* CHF/COPD patients
* English-speaking
* Medicare beneficiaries

Amendment to Inclusion Criteria:

* Recruited non-Medicare eligible beneficiaries

Exclusion Criteria:

* Prognosis of 6 months or less
* Cognitive impairment with no available proxy/caregiver
* No possession of a phone

Amendments to exclusion criteria:

* heart or lung transplant recipients
* dialysis patients
* individuals already in the Cystic Fibrosis program or receiving intensive monitored care
* individuals with a ventricular assist device (LVAD; RVAD; BiVAD)
* individuals utilizing a pre-paid phone service
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or female participants aged ≥40 years
* Full-time resident in the area (living in area \> 6 months)
* Able to perform adequate quality spirometry
* Capable of providing informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnancy (self-reported)
* Currently has active pulmonary TB or is taking medications for pulmonary TB

Answer: B