Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Treatment of Depressive Symptoms in Breast Cancer Patients: Comparison of Cognitive Therapy and Bright Light Therapy
Brief Summary: Depressive symptoms are highly frequent among cancer patients. These symptoms significantly impair quality of life (e.g., hopelessness, greater risk of suicidal behaviours) and may even affect patients' prognosis (e.g., through decreased adherence to cancer treatments). Cognitive therapy (CT) is an established treatment for depression in the general population, but its efficacy has not yet been investigated in non-metastatic cancer patients. Furthermore, because the accessibility to CT is very limited in routine cancer care and because many patients are reluctant to use pharmacological treatment, they often turn to alternative treatments such as bright light therapy (BLT), but empirical data on its efficacy are needed before its use can be recommended. Goal 1: To assess at post-treatment, as compared to a waiting-list control condition, the effect of bright light therapy (BLT) and cognitive therapy (CT): (1a) in reducing depressive symptoms; and (1b) in improving subjective and objective sleep parameters, in reducing fatigue and anxiety and in increasing patients' functioning and quality of life. Goal 2: To compare at post-treatment and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups the effect of BLT and CT : (2a) in reducing depressive symptoms; and (2b) in improving subjective and objective parameters of sleep, in reducing fatigue and anxiety and in increasing patients' functioning and quality of life. It is hypothesized that, As compared to control patients after their waiting period, both BLT and CT groups will have significantly greater improvement of all symptoms at post-treatment. However, as compared to BLT patients, CT patients will show greater improvements of all symptoms at post-treatment and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. This study will provide empirical data on the efficacy of two approaches for treating depressive symptoms in cancer patients in order to better inform the scientific community, health care providers, and patients on the most effective depression treatments to implement in cancer care.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Study participants must be women diagnosed with Stage I, II, or III breast cancer within the previous 18 months, have completed all treatments with the exception of hormonal therapy at least three months previously, over the age of 18, and have a score of 13 or higher on the BSI-18. Previous meditation/yoga experience is allowed but will be recorded.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Participants must not have a concurrent DSM-IV diagnosis of psychosis, substance abuse, bipolar disorder, or active suicidality (as assessed by structured clinical interview), must not be currently using psychotropic medications (antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics), have a concurrent autoimmune disorder, or have participated previously in MBSR or SET group.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* having received a diagnosis for a stage I-III cancer within the past 18 months;
* having a score of 7 or higher on the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D)84 or of 14 or higher on the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II);

Exclusion Criteria:

* have received bright light therapy in the past month or having previously received cognitive therapy for depression;
* having severe cognitive impairments (e.g., diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, dementia, or Mini-Mental State Examination \[MMSE\] score \< 27);
* meeting DSM-IV criteria for a major depressive episode of severe intensity, or another severe psychiatric disorder (e.g., psychotic, bipolar, or substance use disorder);
* presenting suicidal ideations with a risk of acting out, or having attempted suicide in the past five years;
* having started a new psychotropic medication or having modified the dosage or frequency of use during the past two weeks;
* currently taking a photosensitive medication (e.g., lithium, L-tryptophan);
* having evidence of an ocular pathology from an optometrist exam or a medical condition contraindicating the use of bright light therapy (e.g., severe cataracts, glaucoma, diabetes).
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* women 18-75 years
* operated for breast cancer stage I-III at either Herlev hospital (F-118) or Ringsted sygehus (Mammakirurgisk Klinik) after september 2006
* speak and read danish

Exclusion Criteria:

* other cancers
* diseases or disabilities hindering MBSR-participation
* active treatment for psychiatric disease including alcohol abuse
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* 21 years old or older
* Diagnosed with Stage 0, I, II, or III breast cancer
* Undergone lumpectomy and completed adjuvant radiation and/or chemotherapy (end of treatment to 18 months post-treatment)
* Ability to read and speak English at the 8th grade level to respond to the survey questions

Exclusion Criteria:

* Advanced stage (IV) breast cancer
* History of mastectomy
* Current psychiatric diagnosis
* Recurrent treatment for prior breast cancer

Answer: B