Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effect of Hypertonic Resuscitation for Blunt Trauma
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients following blunt traumatic injury with hypovolemic shock, who receive either lactated ringer's solution or hypertonic saline with dextran (HSD) resuscitation; also, to focus specifically on neurologic outcome in patients with brain injury and on the effect of HSD resuscitation on inflammatory cell responsiveness.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Recent blunt trauma
* Of adult size if age is unknown
* Pre-hospital systolic bloood pressure 90 mm Hg or less
* Altered mental status
* Transported directly to Harborview Medical Center from the injury event

Exclusion Criteria:

* Ongoing CPR
* Transferred from outside hospitals
* Pregnant or suspected pregnancy
* Presence of injuries from penetrating trauma
* Receiving more than 2000 cc of crystaloid prior to study fluid administration
B: Inclusion criteria:

* Deep burn injury more than 15% of total body surface area (2nd and 3rd degree burns)
* Informed consent (via deferred consent, if necessary, according to Swiss HMG § 55 and 56).
* Patients or relatives can understand the study information and the provided information in German language

Exclusion criteria:

* Patients expected to succumb within the next 24 to 36 hours, i.e. whole body burn trauma, palliative care situation
* Pregnancy
* No informed consent
* Known allergic reaction to HES
* Patients or patient's relatives, who do not understand the German language and therefore the study information, can not be provided in a legally correct manner.
* Patients with contraindications for balanced 6% HES 130/0.4, i.e. heart failure, pulmonary edema, intracerebral bleeding, acute renal failure, severe hypernatraemia and other severe electrolyte imbalances, severe von-Willebrand Syndrome and acute liver failure (see "Arzneimittelkompendium der Schweiz® - Documed")
C: Inclusion Criteria:

All adult patients who

* Undergo resuscitation in the ICU
* AND fulfillment within the previous 24 hours of the criteria for severe sepsis (SCCM/ACCP)
* AND consent is obtainable either from the patient or by proxy (physician and/or next of kin)

Exclusion Criteria:

The following patients will not be evaluated for inclusion:

* Age \< 18 years old
* Previously randomised in the 6S trial
* Allergy towards hydroxyethyl starch or malic acid
* Treatment with \> 1000 ml's of any synthetic colloid within the last 24 hours prior to randomisation
* Any form of renal replacement therapy
* Acute burn injury \> 10% body surface area
* Severe hyperkalaemia, p-K \> 6 mM
* Liver or kidney transplantation during current hospital admission
* Intracranial bleeding within current hospitalisation
* Enrollment into another ICU trial of drugs with potential action on circulation, renal function or coagulation
* Withdrawal of active therapy
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Males and females, above the legal age of consent
* Hospitalized in intensive care unit
* Need fluid resuscitation (according to the physician in charge of the patient)

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients who have one or more of the following items:

* Known allergy to gelatins, albumin or starch
* Coagulation disorders (haemophilia, Willebrand disease, etc.)
* Chronic renal failure on permanent dialysis
* Severe hepatic failure
* Burns \> 20 % of body surface
* Pregnancy
* Volume replacement: As a part of anaesthesia, for anaphylactic shock, or for dehydration
* Brain death
* Advance directive of withholding or withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments
* Any other investigational drugs

Answer: A