Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Citalopram Treatment in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders and High Levels of Repetitive Behavior
Brief Summary: This study will determine the efficacy and safety of citalopram compared to placebo in the treatment of children with autism.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Documentation of Autism Spectrum Disorder with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders-Fifth edition, criteria as well as a standardized autism assessment such as the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule or the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised.
* Subject between the ages of 24-72 months of age.
* A reliable parent or caregiver who can report the side effects and communicate effectively with the research team.
* Stable medications during the two months prior to enrollment.
* Currently receiving interventions in the community or school for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Exclusion Criteria:

* Current or past Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor treatment.
* Other serious co-morbid medical disorders affecting brain function and behavior, including uncontrolled seizures.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Able to walk
* Diagnosis of Autistic Disorder, Asperger's Disorder, or PDD-NOS
* Have a score greater than or equal to (\>) 8 on the sum of items 1A, 2, 3 and 5 of the Compulsions Subscale of the Revised CYBOCS.
* Have a rating of at least moderate behavioral disturbance based on the modified Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness score (CGI-S) at the time of screening (See description below).
* Be free of psychotropic medication for at least one month for fluoxetine, two weeks for other SSRIs and neuroleptics, and for 5 days for stimulants prior to baseline ratings.
* Be judged reliable for medication compliance and agree to keep appointments for study contacts and tests as outlined in the protocol (both subject and guardian(s)).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Medical contraindications to therapy with SSRIs
* Prior exposure to citalopram (or escitalopram) of sufficient dose or duration to determine response status
* History of treatment failure to a clinically adequate trial of two select SSRIs
* Diagnosis of Rett's Disorder or Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
* Uncontrolled epilepsy, with a seizure within past 6 months
* Child weighs less than (\<) 15 kg at screening contact.
* Pregnancy
* Presence of chronic medical conditions that might interfere with study participation or where study participation would be contraindicated
* Clinically significant abnormal baseline laboratory testing
* History of bipolar disorder or manic episode induced by antidepressant exposure
* Documented need for ongoing psychotropic medications besides study medication (with the exception of stable dose (at least 3 month) anti-convulsants for seizures).
* Concomitant medication that would interfere with participation in the study.
* Recent (\< 2 months) initiation of behavior therapy (such as parent training, applied behavior analysis or behavior modification) in a clinic, with a private practitioner or in a school program. Participants who are in an established behavior therapy program (defined as greater than (\>) 2 months for clinic or private practitioner or greater than (\>) 1 month for school program) can be included in the study. Families will be asked not to initiate any new behavior therapy during the study.
C: PROTOCOL ENTRY CRITERIA:

--Disease Characteristics--

Meets diagnostic criteria for autism

--Prior/Concurrent Therapy--

Other:

* At least 3 months since prior electroconvulsive therapy
* At least 1 month since prior investigational drugs or treatment with any drug known to cause major organ toxicity
* At least 2 weeks since prior monoamine oxidase inhibitors
* At least 6 weeks since prior long acting phenothiazines
* At least 1 week since prior other psychotropic drugs
* No prior fluoxetine of 20 mg/day for 6 weeks
* At least 6 weeks since prior fluoxetine
* No concurrent use of terfenadine (Seldane) or astemizole (Hismanal)
* No concurrent electroconvulsive therapy or other psychotropic drugs (unless otherwise permitted)
* Prior participation in another serotonin reuptake inhibitor trial allowed

--Patient Characteristics--

Hematopoietic: No significant hematopoietic disease

Hepatic: No prior or concurrent liver disease

Renal: No prior or concurrent kidney disease

Cardiovascular:

* No significant cardiovascular disease
* No abnormal EKG

Neurological:

* No prior seizure disorder or high risk development of seizures
* No prior cerebrovascular disease
* No prior brain trauma

Other:

* Not pregnant or nursing
* Negative pregnancy test
* No unstable major medical illness or systemic disease
* No moderate or severe mental retardation and motor deficits (IQ less than 50)
* No family history of bipolar disorder
* No prior or concurrent other mental disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, schizoaffective, organic, or bipolar disorders)
* No significant autoaggressive behavior or serious suicidal risk
* No prior or concurrent gastrointestinal conditions
* No unstable endocrine disease (e.g., hypo or hyperthyroidism)
* No prior or concurrent malignancy
* Must be able to tolerate tapering of psychoactive medication
* No history of hypersensitivity or severe side effects to fluoxetine or other serotonin reuptake inhibitors
* No history of severe personality disorder or noncompliance
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* medically healthy outpatients between 6 and 12 years of age (cut off: 12 years and 11 months)
* Intelligence Quotient (IQ) equal to or greater than 50 (Stanford-Binet)
* Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) Total Score equal to or greater than 70
* ability to complete laboratory and cognitive testing
* diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) based on expert clinical opinion and confirmed on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS)
* Clinical Global Impression (CGI) severity rating of 4 or higher
* care provider who can reliably bring participant to clinic visits, provide trustworthy ratings, and interact with the participant on a regular basis
* stable medications for at least 4 weeks
* no planned changes in psychosocial interventions during the trial
* no concurrent participation in any other clinical research trials
* willingness to provide blood samples and electrocardiogram

Exclusion Criteria:

* diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, or psychotic disorder
* regular nasal obstruction or nosebleeds
* active and unstable medical problems (e.g., migraine; asthma; seizure disorder; anaphylaxis; epilepsy; diabetes; serious liver, renal, or cardiac pathology)
* clinically significant abnormal vital signs or ECG reading
* evidence of a genetic mutation know to cause ASD (e.g., Fragile X Syndrome) or metabolic disorder
* significant hearing or vision impairments
* drinks large volumes of water (e.g., habitual or psychogenic polydipsia)
* pregnant or sexually active females not using a reliable method of contraception (urine pregnancy test will be conducted)
* history of hypersensitivity to vasopressin, its analogs (e.g., Desmopressin), or compounding preservatives (e.g., chlorobutanol)
* current use of any medications known to interact with vasopressin including: 1) carbamazepine (i.e., Tegretol); chlorpropamide; clofibrate; urea; fludrocortisone; tricyclic antidepressants (all of which may potentiate the antidiuretic effect of vasopressin when used concurrently); 2) demeclocycline; norepinephrine; lithium; heparin; alcohol (all of which may decrease the antidiuretic effect of vasopressin when used concurrently); 3) ganglionic blocking agents including benzohexonium, chlorisondamine, pentamine (all of which may produce a marked increase in sensitivity to the pressor effects of vasopressin)
* prior or current use of vasopressin
* abnormal chemistry result

Answer: B