Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Phase 3, Multi-Center, Multinational, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study To Evaluate The Efficacy And Safety Of MP-376 (Levofloxacin Inhalation Solution; Aeroquin™) In Stable Cystic Fibrosis Patients
Brief Summary: Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) suffer from chronic infections of the lower respiratory tract that can be caused by one or multiple bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which has been particularly problematic to eradicate and been implicated as the major cause of morbidity and mortality in CF patients. Aerosol delivery of antibiotics directly to the lung increases the local concentrations of antibiotic at the site of infection resulting in improved antimicrobial effects compared to systemic administration. Decreased efficacy, intolerance and high treatment burden with currently available therapies indicate a need for additional therapies. MP-376 (Aeroquin™) is a novel formulation of the fluoroquinolone levofloxacin that has been optimized for aerosol delivery. Preclinical and clinical studies conducted to date show that aerosol doses of MP-376 are safe and well tolerated, exert an antimicrobial effect, improve lung function and reduce the need for other anti-pseudomonal antibiotics. High concentrations of levofloxacin in the lung delivered as MP-376 are active against CF pathogens including those with high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) levels to aminoglycosides such as tobramycin (TOBI®) and other inhaled antimicrobial agents. Inhaled MP-376 can be delivered rapidly and efficiently using a customized PARI investigational configuration of the eFlow® nebulizer system.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria (selected):

* \>/= 12 years of age
* Confirmed Diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis
* Positive sputum culture for P. aeruginosa at screening and within the past 12 months
* Patients are able to elicit an FEV1 \>/= 25% but \</= 85% of predicted value at screening
* Have received at least 3 courses of inhaled antimicrobials over the preceding 12 months
* Clinically stable with no changes in health status within the last 28 days
* Able to reproducibly produce sputum and perform spirometry

Exclusion Criteria (selected):

* Use of any nebulized or systemic antibiotics within 28 days prior to baseline
* History of hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones or intolerance with aerosol medication
* Evidence of respiratory infections within 14 days prior to dosing
* CrCl \< 20ml/min or \< 20ml/min/1.73 m2 at Screening
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Documentation of CF diagnosis as evidenced by one or more clinical features consistent with the CF phenotype and one or more of the following criteria:

  * Sweat chloride greater than or equal to 60 mEq/L by quantitative pilocarpine iontophoresis test (QPIT);
  * Two well-characterized mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene; or
  * Abnormal nasal potential difference.
* PA present in expectorated sputum or throat swab culture at Screening.
* FEV1 between (and including) 25% and 75% predicted at Screening.
* Negative pregnancy test at Screening.
* Ability to perform reproducible pulmonary function tests.
* Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) greater than or equal to 90% on room air at Screening.
* Ability to provide written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Administration of antipseudomonal antibiotics by inhalation, IV, or oral routes (including azithromycin) within 14 days of Screening.
* Current use of oral corticosteroids in doses exceeding the equivalent of 10 mg prednisone/day or 20 mg prednisone every other day.
* History of sputum or throat swab culture yielding Burkholderia cepacia in the previous 2 years.
* History of daily continuous oxygen supplementation or requirement for more than 2 liters/minute at night.
* Administration of any investigational drug or use of any investigational device within 28 days of Screening and within 6 half-lives of the investigational drug (whichever was longer).
* Known local or systemic hypersensitivity to monobactam antibiotics.
* Inability to tolerate short-acting bronchodilator use at least three times daily.
* Changes in protocol-permitted antimicrobial, bronchodilator, anti-inflammatory, or corticosteroid medications within 7 days prior to Screening or between Screening and the next visit.
* Changes in physiotherapy technique or schedule within 7 days prior to Screening or between Screening and the next visit.
* History of lung transplantation.
* A chest x-ray indicating abnormal findings at Screening or within the previous 90 days.
* Abnormal renal or hepatic function at Screening.
* Any serious or active medical or psychiatric illness which, in the opinion of the investigator, would have interfered with participant treatment, assessment, or compliance with the protocol.
* Use of aerosolized hypertonic saline (except for sputum induction) during the 14 days preceding Visit 1.
C: Inclusion Criteria (selected):

* \> 16 years of age
* Confirmed Diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis
* Positive sputum culture for P. aeruginosa within the past 18 months
* Patients are able to elicit a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) \>/= 25% but \</= 85% of predicted value at screening
* Have received at least 3 courses of inhaled antimicrobials over the preceding 12 months
* Clinically stable with no changes in health status within the last 30 days
* Able to reproducibly produce sputum and perform spirometry

Exclusion Criteria (selected):

* Use of any nebulized or systemic antibiotics within 30 days prior to baseline
* History of hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones or intolerance with aerosol medication
* Evidence of acute upper within 10 days or lower respiratory infections within 30 days prior to dosing
* Creatine clearance \< 50mg/ml, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) or total bilirubin \>/= 3 x upper limit of normal (ULN) at Screening
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Participants ≥ 6 years of age
* Documentation of CF diagnosis as evidenced by one or more clinical features consistent with the CF phenotype and one or more of the following criteria:

  * Sweat chloride ≥ 60 mEq/L by quantitative pilocarpine iontophoresis test
  * Two well characterized mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene
  * Abnormal nasal potential difference
* PA present in expectorated sputum or throat swab culture at Visit 1 OR documented PA in 2 expectorated sputum or throat swab cultures within the 12 months prior to Visit 1 (one of the previous PA positive cultures must have been no more than 3 months prior to Visit 1)
* FEV1 \> 75% predicted at Visit 1
* Participants must have exhibited two or more of the following chronic and/or intermittent CF symptoms, for a minimum of 28 days prior to randomization and with no worsening of symptoms within 7 days prior to randomization:

  * Chest congestion
  * Daily cough
  * Productive cough
  * Wheezing
  * Trouble breathing
  * Nocturnal wakening due to coughing
* Participants (and parent/guardian as required) had to be able to provide written informed consent/assent prior to any study related procedures
* Females of childbearing potential had to have a negative urine pregnancy test at Visit 1
* Ability to perform reproducible pulmonary function tests
* In the opinion of the Investigator, the participant did not require immediate antipseudomonal antibiotic intervention to treat an impending exacerbation, and the participant's condition was stable enough to enroll in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Administration of any investigational drug or device within 28 days prior to Visit 1 or within 6 half-lives of the investigational drug (whichever was longer)
* Administration of any IV, oral, or inhaled antipseudomonal antibiotic within 28 days prior to Visit 1
* Known local or systemic hypersensitivity to monobactam antibiotics
* Inability to tolerate short-acting bronchodilator (BD) use at least TID
* Changes in or initiation of chronic azithromycin treatment within 28 days prior to Visit 1
* Changes in or initiation of chronic hypertonic saline treatment within 28 days prior to Visit 1
* Changes in or initiation of dornase alfa within 28 days prior to Visit 1
* Changes in antimicrobial, BD, or corticosteroid medications within 7 days prior to Visit 1
* Changes in physiotherapy technique or schedule within 7 days prior to Visit 1
* History of lung transplantation
* History of participation (enrollment) in any prior clinical studies with AZLI
* A chest radiograph at Visit 1 (or within the previous 180 days of Visit 1), with abnormalities indicating a significant acute finding (e.g., lobar infiltrate and atelectasis, pneumothorax, or pleural effusion); a chest radiograph obtained and interpreted between Visits 1 and 2 was also acceptable for determining eligibility
* Positive urine pregnancy test at Visit 1; all women of childbearing potential were to be tested
* Females of childbearing potential who were lactating or were not (in the opinion of the investigator) practicing an acceptable method of birth control; female participants who utilized hormonal contraceptives as their birth control method must have used the same method for at least 3 months before study dosing
* Participant was being assessed at Visit 1 by the investigator for an acute change in respiratory symptoms
* Any serious or active medical or psychiatric illness, which in the opinion of the investigator, would have interfered with participant treatment, assessment, or compliance with the protocol

Answer: A