Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Infant Flow Biphasic NCPAP Versus Infant Flow NCPAP for the Facilitation of Successful Extubation in Infants </= 1250 Grams: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to compare two methods of delivering Nasal Continuous Airway Pressure (NCPAP): Biphasic Mode and a continuous mode, to see which is better in getting babies off the ventilator and decreasing lung damage.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Infants \</= 1250 grams who are going to be extubated

Exclusion Criteria:

* Congenital abnormalities of the upper airway
* Acquired nasal septum injury
* Congenital Heart Disease excluding Patent Ductus arteriosus
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* gestational age between 25+0 and 32+6 weeks;
* birth weight more than 600 g;
* supported with any type of endotracheal ventilation;
* Has not had first attempt at extubation(extubation readiness requires fulfilling of all the following criteria: a. Having received at least one loading dose of 20 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg daily maintenance dose of caffeine citrate; b. pH\>7.20 PaCO2\<=60 mmHg (these may be evaluated by arterialized capillary blood gas analysis or appropriately calibrated transcutaneous monitors. Venous blood gas values cannot be used); c. Paw \<=7-8 cmH2O; d. FiO2\<=0.30; e. sufficient spontaneous breathing effort, as per clinical evaluation).;
* Obtained parental consent. Informed consent will be obtained antenatally or upon neonatal intensive care unit admission.;

Exclusion Criteria:

* major congenital anomalies or chromosomal abnormalities;
* Presence of neuromuscular disease;
* Upper respiratory tract abnormalities; ;
* need for surgery known before the first extubation;
* Grade IV-intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) occurring before the first extubation
* congenital lung diseases or malformations or pulmonary hypoplasia
C: Inclusion Criteria:

- Gestational age 26-32 weeks

The criteria for failure were met by at least 1 of the following:

* pH: 7.10 and PaCO2: 70 mm Hg
* Recurrent apnea with \>3 episodes (Prophylactic caffeine were used in all infants)
* Single episode of apnea that required bag-and-mask ventilation
* PaO2: 50 mmHg with a fraction of inspired oxygen of \>0.5.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Major congenital anomalies
* Presence of cardiovascular instability
* Intubation at admission to the NICU
* Consent not provided or refused
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Birth weight \<1000 gm
* Gestational age \<30 completed weeks
* Intention to manage the infant with non-invasive respiratory support (i.e. no endotracheal tube), where either:

  * the infant is within the first 7 days of life and has never been intubated or has received less than 24 hours of total cumulative intubated respiratory support;
  * the infant is within the first 28 days of life, has been managed with intubated respiratory support for 24 hours or more and is a candidate for extubation followed by non-invasive respiratory support.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Considered non-viable by clinician (decision not to administer effective therapies)
* Life-threatening congenital abnormalities including congenital heart disease (excluding patent ductus arteriosis)
* Infants known to require surgical treatment
* Abnormalities of the upper and lower airways
* Neuromuscular disorders
* Infants who are \>28 days old and continue to require mechanical ventilation with an endotracheal tube

Answer: A