TrialPanorama/Dataset huggingface dataset:
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Preterm Infants' Paracetamol Study
Brief Summary: Present randomized, controlled, double-blind trial investigates the efficacy and safety of early (\<24 h) intravenous paracetamol therapy for pain medication in very small premature infants. This phase 2 drug study focuses on the efficacy and safety of short-term use. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of paracetamol, as well as the long-term effects, are studied.

This study recruits preterm infants born less than 32 weeks gestational age and treated at the neonatal intensive care unit of Oulu University Hospital. The informed consent is asked from all parents. The first drug dose is given before 24 hours of age. Masked study drug is paracetamol infusion solution 10 mg/mL or placebo, 0.45% saline solution. The loading dose is 20 mg/kg, and the maintenance dose 7.5 mg/kg every 6 hours for 4 days. The exact date of the closure of ductus is studied by repeated echocardiographic examinations. The symptoms of pain are screened by a pain scale of preterm infants (NIAPAS). Patients are monitored for signs of possible side effects. After discharge from hospital, patients are examined at follow-up clinic for the first year every 3 months and at 2 years of age.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Paracetamol effect on ductus; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: paracetamol, Drug: 0.45 % saline solution | Arm Label: Paracetamol effect on pain; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: paracetamol, Drug: 0.45 % saline solution | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: paracetamol; Assigned to Arm(s): Paracetamol effect on ductus, Paracetamol effect on pain | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 0.45 % saline solution; Assigned to Arm(s): Paracetamol effect on ductus, Paracetamol effect on pain
B: Arm Label: Small ductus; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Arm Label: Large ductus ibuprofen; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Ibuprofen | Arm Label: Large ductus placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Ibuprofen; Assigned to Arm(s): Large ductus ibuprofen | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Large ductus placebo
C: Arm Label: ibuprofen group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: ibuprofen | Arm Label: paracetamol group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: paracetamol | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: ibuprofen; Assigned to Arm(s): ibuprofen group | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: paracetamol; Assigned to Arm(s): paracetamol group
D: Arm Label: 1: hydrocortisone; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: hydrocortisone | Arm Label: 2: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: hydrocortisone; Assigned to Arm(s): 1: hydrocortisone | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): 2: Placebo

Answer: A
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Preterm Infants' Paracetamol Study
Brief Summary: Present randomized, controlled, double-blind trial investigates the efficacy and safety of early (\<24 h) intravenous paracetamol therapy for pain medication in very small premature infants. This phase 2 drug study focuses on the efficacy and safety of short-term use. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of paracetamol, as well as the long-term effects, are studied.

This study recruits preterm infants born less than 32 weeks gestational age and treated at the neonatal intensive care unit of Oulu University Hospital. The informed consent is asked from all parents. The first drug dose is given before 24 hours of age. Masked study drug is paracetamol infusion solution 10 mg/mL or placebo, 0.45% saline solution. The loading dose is 20 mg/kg, and the maintenance dose 7.5 mg/kg every 6 hours for 4 days. The exact date of the closure of ductus is studied by repeated echocardiographic examinations. The symptoms of pain are screened by a pain scale of preterm infants (NIAPAS). Patients are monitored for signs of possible side effects. After discharge from hospital, patients are examined at follow-up clinic for the first year every 3 months and at 2 years of age.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Very low birthweight infants; Type: N/A; Interventions: N/A
B: Arm Label: ibuprofen group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: ibuprofen | Arm Label: paracetamol group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: paracetamol | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: ibuprofen; Assigned to Arm(s): ibuprofen group | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: paracetamol; Assigned to Arm(s): paracetamol group
C: Arm Label: Oral paracetamol; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Oral paracetamol | Arm Label: Oral ibuprofen; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Oral ibuprofen | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Oral paracetamol; Assigned to Arm(s): Oral paracetamol | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Oral ibuprofen; Assigned to Arm(s): Oral ibuprofen
D: Arm Label: Paracetamol effect on ductus; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: paracetamol, Drug: 0.45 % saline solution | Arm Label: Paracetamol effect on pain; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: paracetamol, Drug: 0.45 % saline solution | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: paracetamol; Assigned to Arm(s): Paracetamol effect on ductus, Paracetamol effect on pain | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 0.45 % saline solution; Assigned to Arm(s): Paracetamol effect on ductus, Paracetamol effect on pain

Answer: D
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Depression/Hypertension in Chinese Older Adults-Collaboration in Health
Brief Summary: This study will see if education of village doctors and aging workers in identification and management of hypertension and depression, using standardized procedures,consultation with a psychiatrist as needed, and collaborations between the village doctor and aging worker in care elderly patients in the village better achieve better outcomes for their depression and high blood pressure than usual care.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Components-Based Interventions (CBI); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Components-Based Intervention | Arm Label: Cognitive Processing Therapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Cognitive Processing Therapy | Arm Label: Wait List Control; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Cognitive Processing Therapy; Assigned to Arm(s): Cognitive Processing Therapy | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Components-Based Intervention; Assigned to Arm(s): Components-Based Interventions (CBI)
B: Arm Label: Care as usual; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Arm Label: Collaborations in Health (COACH); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Collaborations in Health (COACH) | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Collaborations in Health (COACH); Assigned to Arm(s): Collaborations in Health (COACH)
C: Arm Label: E-CAU with Group Problem Management Plus (PM+); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Problem Management Plus (PM+) | Arm Label: Enhanced care as usual (E-CAU) only; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Problem Management Plus (PM+); Assigned to Arm(s): E-CAU with Group Problem Management Plus (PM+)
D: Arm Label: BF-CBT and group physiotherapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: BF-CBT and group physiotherapy | Arm Label: Waiting list; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: BF-CBT and group physiotherapy | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: BF-CBT and group physiotherapy; Assigned to Arm(s): BF-CBT and group physiotherapy, Waiting list

Answer: B
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effects of an Aquatic Physical Exercise Program on Glycemic Control and Perinatal Outcomes of Gestational Diabetes - a Randomized Clinical Trial
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to verify the efficacy of an aquatic physical exercise program on GDM control and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Heath & Wellness; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Heath & Wellness | Arm Label: Exercise; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Physical activity | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Physical activity; Assigned to Arm(s): Exercise | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Heath & Wellness; Assigned to Arm(s): Heath & Wellness
B: Arm Label: Control; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Arm Label: Aquatic exercise; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Aquatic exercise | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Aquatic exercise; Assigned to Arm(s): Aquatic exercise
C: Arm Label: Diet alone; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Arm Label: Behavioral therapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Behavioral therapy | Arm Label: Exercise; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Exercise | Arm Label: Behavioral therapy and exercise; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Behavioral therapy and exercise | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Behavioral therapy; Assigned to Arm(s): Behavioral therapy | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Exercise; Assigned to Arm(s): Exercise | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Behavioral therapy and exercise; Assigned to Arm(s): Behavioral therapy and exercise
D: Arm Label: Nutritional counseling & self blood glucose monitoring; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: nutritional counseling, Behavioral: self blood glucose monitoring | Arm Label: No treatment; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: nutritional counseling; Assigned to Arm(s): Nutritional counseling & self blood glucose monitoring | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: self blood glucose monitoring; Assigned to Arm(s): Nutritional counseling & self blood glucose monitoring

Answer: B
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial of a Thickened Amino-acid-based Formula in Children Allergic to Cow's Milk and to Protein Hydrolysates
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of a new Amino-acid based formula on allergic symptoms and growth of infants with cow's milk protein allergy and intolerant to extensively hydrolysed formulas;


Options:
A: Arm Label: Standard amino acids; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Amino acids | Arm Label: High amino acids; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Amino acids | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Amino acids; Assigned to Arm(s): High amino acids, Standard amino acids
B: Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: alanine; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: amino acids; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: glucagon; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: glucose; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: glutamine; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: glycerol; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: insulin; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: leucine; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: lipids; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: urea; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
C: Arm Label: New Thickened Amino acid based formula; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Amino acid based formula | Arm Label: Amino acid based formula; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Amino acid based formula | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Amino acid based formula; Assigned to Arm(s): Amino acid based formula, New Thickened Amino acid based formula
D: Arm Label: Cysteine; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Parenteral cysteine-HCl supplementation | Arm Label: No-cysteine placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Placebo - added premasol | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Parenteral cysteine-HCl supplementation; Assigned to Arm(s): Cysteine | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Placebo - added premasol; Assigned to Arm(s): No-cysteine placebo

Answer: C
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effects of Purified Anthocyanin on Oxidative and Inflammatory Markers in Subjects With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: Oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Anthocyanins from different plant foods have been shown to improve features of experimental NASH, such as oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, liver steatosis, and inflammation in rodents. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether purified anthocyanin supplementation beneficially alters oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic biomarkers in adults with features of NAFLD.


Options:
A: Arm Label: caffeine and chlorogeinc acid; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: caffeine and chlorogenic acid | Arm Label: caffeine; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: caffeine | Arm Label: chlorogenic acid; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: chlorogenic acid | Arm Label: placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: placebo | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: caffeine and chlorogenic acid; Assigned to Arm(s): caffeine and chlorogeinc acid | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: caffeine; Assigned to Arm(s): caffeine | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: chlorogenic acid; Assigned to Arm(s): chlorogenic acid | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): placebo
B: Arm Label: Arm 1; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: pioglitazone-placebo, Drug: Vitamin E-placebo | Arm Label: Arm 2; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: pioglitazone, Dietary Supplement: Vitamin E | Arm Label: Arm 3; Type: OTHER; Interventions: Drug: pioglitazone-placebo, Dietary Supplement: Vitamin E | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: pioglitazone-placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Arm 1 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: pioglitazone; Assigned to Arm(s): Arm 2 | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Vitamin E; Assigned to Arm(s): Arm 2 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: pioglitazone-placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Arm 3 | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Vitamin E; Assigned to Arm(s): Arm 3 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Vitamin E-placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Arm 1
C: Arm Label: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Placebo | Arm Label: Anthocyanin; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Anthocyanin | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Anthocyanin; Assigned to Arm(s): Anthocyanin | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo
D: Arm Label: TREATED GROUP; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Hydroxytyrosol plus Vitamin E | Arm Label: PLACEBO GROUP; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Hydroxytyrosol plus Vitamin E; Assigned to Arm(s): TREATED GROUP | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): PLACEBO GROUP

Answer: C
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Effect of Tranexamic Acid on Transfusion Rates in Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: The goal of this study is to determine if the use of tranexamic acid, a safe and effective antifibrinolytic, in patients with intertrochanteric hip fractures will result in a reduction in blood transfusion rates. Treatment will be administered pre-operatively as well as at the time of surgical incision. The primary outcome will be need for blood transfusion. Secondary outcomes will include calculated perioperative blood loss, length of stay, cost of inpatient care, and rate of adverse events, including DVT, PE, infection, MI, cerebrovascular event, need for re-hospitalization or re-operation and 30 day mortality.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Tranexamic Acid Wash; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Tranexamic Acid | Arm Label: Saline Wash; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Saline Wash | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Tranexamic Acid; Assigned to Arm(s): Tranexamic Acid Wash | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Saline Wash; Assigned to Arm(s): Saline Wash
B: Arm Label: TXA + IIM; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Iron Isomaltoside 1000, Drug: Tranexamic Acid | Arm Label: Placebo TXA + IIM; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Iron Isomaltoside 1000, Drug: Placebos tranexamic acid | Arm Label: TXA + Placebo IIM; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Tranexamic Acid, Drug: Placebos iron isomaltoside 1000 | Arm Label: Placebo TXA + Placebo IIM; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Placebos iron isomaltoside 1000, Drug: Placebos tranexamic acid | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Iron Isomaltoside 1000; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo TXA + IIM, TXA + IIM | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Tranexamic Acid; Assigned to Arm(s): TXA + IIM, TXA + Placebo IIM | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebos iron isomaltoside 1000; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo TXA + Placebo IIM, TXA + Placebo IIM | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebos tranexamic acid; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo TXA + IIM, Placebo TXA + Placebo IIM
C: Arm Label: Adrenaline; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Adrenaline | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Adrenaline; Assigned to Arm(s): Adrenaline | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo
D: Arm Label: Tranexamic Acid; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Tranexamic Acid | Arm Label: Placebo Injection; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Tranexamic Acid; Assigned to Arm(s): Tranexamic Acid | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo Injection

Answer: D
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: TOPICAL AND INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF TRANEXAMIC ACID ARE EQUALLY EFFECTIVE IN DIRECT ANTERIOR TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY - A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Brief Summary: Through a randomized controlled trial, we will compare the intravenous administration of tranexamic acid with the intra-articular application after a total hip arthroplasty through direct anterior approach.

* RCT, prospective study
* Academic-monocentric study
* Clinical outcome measurements The postoperative blood loss will be the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes are

  1. The rate of perioperative and postoperative blood transfusion
  2. The number of blood units transfused
  3. The length of hospital stay
  4. Perioperative given intravenous isotonic fluid

The Null-hypothesis is that there is no significant difference in postoperative blood loss between intra-articular and intravenous administration of TXA.


Options:
A: Arm Label: TXA + IIM; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Iron Isomaltoside 1000, Drug: Tranexamic Acid | Arm Label: Placebo TXA + IIM; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Iron Isomaltoside 1000, Drug: Placebos tranexamic acid | Arm Label: TXA + Placebo IIM; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Tranexamic Acid, Drug: Placebos iron isomaltoside 1000 | Arm Label: Placebo TXA + Placebo IIM; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Placebos iron isomaltoside 1000, Drug: Placebos tranexamic acid | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Iron Isomaltoside 1000; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo TXA + IIM, TXA + IIM | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Tranexamic Acid; Assigned to Arm(s): TXA + IIM, TXA + Placebo IIM | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebos iron isomaltoside 1000; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo TXA + Placebo IIM, TXA + Placebo IIM | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebos tranexamic acid; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo TXA + IIM, Placebo TXA + Placebo IIM
B: Arm Label: Intravenous tranexamic acid; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: 1.5g intravenous Exacyl | Arm Label: Intra-articular tranexamic acid; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 3.0g intra-articular Exacyl | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 1.5g intravenous Exacyl; Assigned to Arm(s): Intravenous tranexamic acid | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 3.0g intra-articular Exacyl; Assigned to Arm(s): Intra-articular tranexamic acid
C: Arm Label: Tranexamic Acid Wash; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Tranexamic Acid | Arm Label: Saline Wash; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Saline Wash | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Tranexamic Acid; Assigned to Arm(s): Tranexamic Acid Wash | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Saline Wash; Assigned to Arm(s): Saline Wash
D: Arm Label: 1; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Tranexamic acid (Exacyl) | Arm Label: 2; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Tranexamic acid (Exacyl); Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): 2

Answer: B
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: TOPICAL AND INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF TRANEXAMIC ACID ARE EQUALLY EFFECTIVE IN DIRECT ANTERIOR TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY - A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Brief Summary: Through a randomized controlled trial, we will compare the intravenous administration of tranexamic acid with the intra-articular application after a total hip arthroplasty through direct anterior approach.

* RCT, prospective study
* Academic-monocentric study
* Clinical outcome measurements The postoperative blood loss will be the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes are

  1. The rate of perioperative and postoperative blood transfusion
  2. The number of blood units transfused
  3. The length of hospital stay
  4. Perioperative given intravenous isotonic fluid

The Null-hypothesis is that there is no significant difference in postoperative blood loss between intra-articular and intravenous administration of TXA.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Intravenous tranexamic acid; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: 1.5g intravenous Exacyl | Arm Label: Intra-articular tranexamic acid; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 3.0g intra-articular Exacyl | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 1.5g intravenous Exacyl; Assigned to Arm(s): Intravenous tranexamic acid | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 3.0g intra-articular Exacyl; Assigned to Arm(s): Intra-articular tranexamic acid
B: Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: IV Tranexamic acid 10mg/kg pt body weight; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Quixil topical sealant; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
C: Arm Label: Peri-articular group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Peri-articular tranexamic acid | Arm Label: Intravenous group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Intravenous tranexamic acid | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Peri-articular tranexamic acid; Assigned to Arm(s): Peri-articular group | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Intravenous tranexamic acid; Assigned to Arm(s): Intravenous group
D: Arm Label: Control group; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Physiologic saline | Arm Label: TXA-250 group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Tranexamic Acid, Drug: Physiologic saline | Arm Label: TXA-500 group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Tranexamic Acid, Drug: Physiologic saline | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Tranexamic Acid; Assigned to Arm(s): TXA-250 group, TXA-500 group | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Physiologic saline; Assigned to Arm(s): Control group, TXA-250 group, TXA-500 group

Answer: A