Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Changes in Cortical Excitability Associated With Upper Limb Motor Recovery - a Study of Neural Strategies Employed in Motor Recovery
Brief Summary: This study is to investigate changes in brain activities in acute stroke patients , and to correlate findings with clinical outcome measures. Another aim of the study is to investigate whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) could improve motor function in subjects with poor brain activity after stroke. The brain activity will be measured by single and paired pulse TMS (transcranial magnetic stimulation). The study hypothesizes that:

1. The neural mechanisms employed in patients who have different response to TMS stimulation are different. It is hypothesized that patients with no response upon TMS stimulation might have poorer motor function outcome, compared with patients with response upon TMS stimulation.
2. The result of clinical outcome measures is related with TMS measurement.
3. tDCS intervention is beneficial to subjects with poor brain activity. Clinical outcome measures will include a battery of upper limb motor tests such as upper extremity component of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Modified Ashworth scale for spasticity, box and block test, and manual muscle testing. Clinical outcome and TMS measurement will be assessed at within 2 weeks, 4-6 weeks and at 6 months post-stroke.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Mirror therapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Mirror therapy | Arm Label: Control group; Type: SHAM_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Control group | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Mirror therapy; Assigned to Arm(s): Mirror therapy | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Control group; Assigned to Arm(s): Control group
B: Arm Label: Active tDCS + robotic therapy + physical therapy; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: Robotic Therapy, Device: Active tDCS, Other: Physical Therapy | Arm Label: sham tDCS + robotic therapy + physical therapy; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: Robotic Therapy, Device: Sham tDCS, Other: Physical Therapy | Arm Label: sham tDCS + physical therapy + occupational therapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: Sham tDCS, Other: Physical Therapy, Other: Occupational Therapy | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Robotic Therapy; Assigned to Arm(s): Active tDCS + robotic therapy + physical therapy, sham tDCS + robotic therapy + physical therapy | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Active tDCS; Assigned to Arm(s): Active tDCS + robotic therapy + physical therapy | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Sham tDCS; Assigned to Arm(s): sham tDCS + physical therapy + occupational therapy, sham tDCS + robotic therapy + physical therapy | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Physical Therapy; Assigned to Arm(s): Active tDCS + robotic therapy + physical therapy, sham tDCS + physical therapy + occupational therapy, sham tDCS + robotic therapy + physical therapy | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Occupational Therapy; Assigned to Arm(s): sham tDCS + physical therapy + occupational therapy
C: Arm Label: Anodal tDCS; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation | Arm Label: Cathodal tDCS; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: Cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation | Arm Label: Bilateral tDCS; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: Bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation | Arm Label: Sham tDCS; Type: SHAM_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: Sham transcranial direct current stimulation | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation; Assigned to Arm(s): Anodal tDCS | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation; Assigned to Arm(s): Cathodal tDCS | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation; Assigned to Arm(s): Bilateral tDCS | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Sham transcranial direct current stimulation; Assigned to Arm(s): Sham tDCS
D: Arm Label: real tDCS; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: tDCS | Arm Label: sham tDCS; Type: SHAM_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: tDCS | Arm Label: no stimulation; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: tDCS; Assigned to Arm(s): real tDCS, sham tDCS

Answer: D