Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Combination Nicotine Replacement for Alcoholic Smokers
Brief Summary: The overall objective of the study is to develop recommendations for treatment programs to help alcoholic smokers to stop smoking. A sample of 175 alcohol dependent cigarette smokers will be recruited from the community and treated in a 6-month outpatient alcohol and tobacco treatment program. The 175 patients will be divided into two groups. One group will receive an active nicotine patch and active nicotine gum. The other group will receive an active nicotine patch and placebo nicotine gum. Followup assessments will be conducted for 1-year from the beginning of treatment.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Smoke 10 or more cigarettes per day
* Expired carbon monoxide (CO) level greater than 9 parts per million (ppm)
* Motivated to quit smoking (score of 3 on 4-point self-report scale)
* Willing to fulfill study requirements

Exclusion Criteria:

* Carbon monoxide breath test score below 9 ppm
* Serious psychopathology (bipolar disorder, psychosis)
* Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale CES-D)score over 16
* Contraindications for use of bupropion
* History of seizure disorder
* History of eating disorder
* Current heavy drinking
* Risk of pregnancy
* Current breastfeeding
B: Inclusion Criteria:

Asthmatic symptoms during the last year and at least one criterion of the below:

1. current FEV1-increase of minimum 12% after b2-agonist,
2. positiv Methacholintest,
3. Day-to-day FEV1-variation of at least 20% during a two-week period.
4. Positive mannitol test.

Furthermore, all of the below inclusion criteria:

* At least 10 packyears
* At least 10 cigarettes per day within the last year
* Age 18-40 years

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Asthmatics who have been treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), systemic corticosteroids, leukotrien-antagonists (LTA), long-lasting b2-agonists, anticholinergic medicine or varenicline within the last 3 months
2. Lower respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia, within the last 6 weeks.
3. Patients suffering from other chronic respiratory disease than asthma, such as sarcoidosis and COPD will also be excluded.
4. Pregnant and nursing women will be excluded as well as women planning pregnancy during the study period.
5. A history of allergy towards study drugs will lead to exclusion.

Patients who during the study period develop lower respiratory infections or due to severe uncontrolled asthma receive treatment with any of the above listed types of medicine will be excluded. Patients who are diagnosed with other chronic respiratory disease than asthma during the study period will also be excluded, as well as patients who during the study period require more asthma medicine than the planned study medication.

Any participant who wishes to leave the study, for any reason, including unacceptable side-effects, during the study period will be excluded, as well as anyone who wants to withdraw their recorded data from the project after the study period has ended.

In case of unacceptable side-effects to varenicline resulting in immediate cessation of treatment with this drug, the participant will continue visits unchanged, but he/she will be excluded from the calculations of tobacco cessation succes-rate. However, varenicline cessation up to 4 weeks after treatment start with varenicline will result in exclusion and replacement of the participant.

Cessation of treatment with budesonide will result in exclusion from the rest the study. The person will not be replaced. The data recorded from the participant until the last visit before cessation will be used.

Allergic reactions towards study drugs will result in immediate cessation of the drug, and possible exclusion, as described in the above.

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C: Inclusion criteria:

* Males and females at least 18 years old.
* English speaking.
* Meets criteria for alcohol dependence or alcohol abuse.
* Must complete an alcohol detoxification program prior to entering the study.
* Currently smoking 15 or more cigarettes per day and have at least a 3 year history of smoking.
* Have a current desire to stop smoking and stop drinking.
* Willing to complete followup assessments up to 12 months after treatment.
* Willing to provide names of 2 people who can help locate the subject at followup and the name of one person who can verify information about alcohol and tobacco use.
* One person per household.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Allergy to nicotine patch or nicotine gum.
* Weigh less than 100 pounds.
* Use other nicotine products, such as cigars, pipes or smokeless tobacco.
* Severe skin disorder.
* Active peptic ulcer.
* Active joint disease.
* Heart attack within 3 months prior to entering the study.
* Pregnant or breastfeeding female who are not on birth control.
* Currently taking medication to treat alcoholism or smoking, such as naltrexone, disulfiram or bupropion.
* Poor vision or hearing that would interfere with using a cell phone.
* Lack of transportation to the treatment site or live at least one hour from the treatment site.
* Homeless.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Clinically stable patients with schizophrenia

Exclusion Criteria:

* Refractory schizophrenia
* Mental Retardation
* Serious Medical illness

Answer: C