Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Autonomic Nervous System Activity, Aging and Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea in a Prospective Cohort of Subjects Aged 67 Years
Brief Summary: The regulatory effects of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) concern almost all organs which permanently feed information back to this global biological vigilance system controlling allostasis. Heart rate fluctuations are highly dependent on ANS control, making the heart one of the best indicators of ANS activity.

Low ANS activity level is associated with severe cardiac and cerebral events, as well as to death from any cause in the general population. It is even associated with sleep apnea/hypopnea.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* informed consent signed
* to participate in the PROOF study

Exclusion Criteria:

* prior myocardiac infarction
* prior stroke
* hearth failure
* atrial fibrillation
* insulin-treated diabetes mellitus
* cardiac pacemaker
* disease limiting life expectancy to \< 5 years
* contraindication to brain MRI
* living in an institution
* respiratory failure with oxygenotherapy
* sleep-related breathing disorders known and treated
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 years of age and older
* Current daily smokers who smoke 10 or more cigarettes per day
* Interested in being involved in a smoking study
* Willing to be interviewed at baseline, 8 weeks and 6 months after
* Willing to provide a saliva sample for cotinine analysis at each time point
* Interest in using nicotine patch to quit smoking
* Intent to use nicotine patch within one week of receiving it
* Willing to have nicotine patch sent to their home

Exclusion Criteria:

* Have a medical condition that would would make participation medically hazardous as determined by the list of contraindications for NRT outlined in the CPS and the NRT package insert
* Pregnant, intending on becoming pregnant, or nursing
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Smoke at least 10 cigarettes per day for the previous 6 months - Expired CO \> 9 ppm - Motivated to quit smoking - Able to read and write English - Willing to complete required study assessments

Exclusion Criteria:

* Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic \>180mm Hg or diastolic \>110mm Hg) - History of bipolar disorder or psychosis - Myocardial infarction or other serious cardiac problem in the previous 4 weeks - History of diagnosed anorexia and/or bulimia - Diagnosis of Alcohol Dependence in the previous 6 months by participant self-report or drinking 6 or more drinks on six or more days a week - History of seizure and/or serious head injury involving loss of consciousness - Use of contraindicated medications (MAO inhibitors, bupropion, lithium, anticonvulsants, antipsychotics) - Currently pregnant or breast-feeding - Unwilling to use effective contraception during the treatment phase - More than one participant from the same household - Allergic reactions to 3 or more classes of drugs
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 years or older
* Smoke \>=6 Cigarettes per day
* English or Spanish speaking
* Valid phone number
* Valid address
* Gave consent to participate in study and evaluation

Exclusion Criteria:

* Hospital stay of less than 24 hours
* Inability to communicate orally
* Hypersensitivity to nicotine
* Pregnant
* Hospitalized for psychiatric treatment

Answer: A