Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Phase II Randomized Trial for Early-stage Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oropharynx: Radiotherapy vs Trans-oral Robotic Surgery (ORATOR)
Brief Summary: The historical standard treatment for early-stage squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx is radiation therapy. Some patients require chemotherapy with the radiation, and some patients require surgery if the tumour or lymph nodes have not responded after radiation.

This study will compare radiation therapy with a new surgical treatment called transoral robotic surgery (TORS). TORS is a new surgical approach using a robot to assist the surgeon in removing the tumour, potentially with fewer side effects than older surgical techniques.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* age 18 or older
* willing to provide informed consent
* ECOG performance status 0-2
* Histologically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma primary rumour site in the oropharynx (includes tonsil, soft palate, base of tongue, walls of oropharynx)
* Tumour stage:T1 or T2, with likely negative resections at surgery
* Nodal stage: N0, N1, or N2 (less than or equal to 4 cm in maximum dimension in any plane, on either side of the neck), without extranodal extension on pre-randomization imaging.
* Patient assessed at head and neck multidisciplinary clinic (with assessment by radiation oncologist and surgeon) and presented at multidisciplinary tumour board prior to randomization.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Serious medical comorbidities or other contraindications to radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery
* Prior history of head and neck cancer within 5 years
* Prior head and neck radiation at any time
* Metastatic disease
* Inability to attend full course of radiotherapy or follow-up visits
* Neck disease with unknown primary site
* Prior invasive malignant disease unless disease-free for at least 5 years or more, with the exception of non-melanoma skin cancer
* unable or unwilling to complete QoL questionnaires
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients aged 20 to 80 years scheduled to receive neck dissection due to head and neck cancer

Exclusion Criteria:

* history of coagulation disorders
* prior radiation to the neck
* prior neck dissection
* declined to participate
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Histologically proven T1 or T2 N0 M0 (clinical) squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa, lower alveolus, oral tongue and floor of mouth.
2. Surgery is the preferred treatment and the primary tumor can be excised with clear margins via the per-oral route.
3. No history of a prior malignancy in the head and neck region.
4. No prior malignancy outside the head and neck region in the preceding 5 years.
5. Patient will be reliable for follow-up
6. Age\> 18 years and \< 75 years.
7. No significant co-morbid conditions - ASA grade II and I.
8. Understands the protocol and is able to give informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Prior radiotherapy or surgery for malignancy in the head and neck region.
2. Non squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity.
3. Upper alveolus and palatal lesions where there is a possibility of retropharyngeal node involvement.
4. Per-oral excision of tumor will compromise margins in the opinion of the treating surgeon.
5. Significant co-existing pre-malignant conditions like erytho-leucoplakia and oral sub mucous fibrosis that in the opinion of the clinician would interfere in the planned treatment management of the patient.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients diagnosed with severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, invasive squamous cell carcinoma (T1 or T2) of the oral cavity (ICO-D site codes: C02.0-C06.9) who will be undergoing curative resection (primary disease).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with a non-oral malignancy diagnosed (not including non-melanoma skin cancer and lymphoma outside of head and neck region) within the past 3 years.
* Patients with evidence of distant metastasis (as determined by CAT and X-ray) at the time of recruitment.

Answer: A