Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Interactive Voice Response Technology to Mobilize Contingency Management for Smoking Cessation
Brief Summary: Cigarette smoking remains the most common source of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States, with in excess of $167 billion in economic costs per year. Contingency management (CM), in which tangible incentives are provided contingent on a target behavior like abstinence, is highly efficacious in improving substance abuse treatment outcomes and is receiving increased attention for smoking cessation. Expired carbon monoxide (CO) is the most common objective smoking status test used in smoking research and treatment. Unfortunately, multiple CO tests/day are typically required to detect all smoking and reinforce sustained abstinence. The resulting logistical and resource limitations greatly limit the application of this potentially powerful quit smoking toolset. This study addresses these limitations by examining the effectiveness of using interactive voice response technology (IVR) to implement CM. Smokers who want to quit (N = 90 randomized) will receive 2 quit preparation sessions based on public health guidelines for smoking cessation and set a target quit date. Participants will be randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment conditions: (a) IVR-S consisting of objective smoking status monitoring using IVR, telephone counseling and transdermal nicotine and (b) IVR-CM, consisting of the same monitoring, telephone counseling and transdermal nicotine plus IVR-based CM for smoking abstinence. It is hypothesized that abstinence rates will be higher in the IVR-CM condition compared to the IVR-S, supporting a combined IVR CM approach, and thereby greatly increasing the applicability of these powerful smoking cessation tools.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 years of age or older
* Currently smoking every day
* Owning a TXT-capable cell phone
* Sent or received TXT messages at least once in the past year
* Living in Ankara (to ease technology support if necessary)
* Agreement to set quit day in 15 days from enrollment date
* Agreement to verification of smoking cessation using a carbon monoxide breath monitor

Exclusion Criteria:

• No chronic disease.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* must have smoked 100 cigarettes during their lifetime
* must currently smoke 5 or more cigarettes a day
* must be in the preparation stage of quitting smoking
* ages 18-59 years
* English speaking
* have a mobile phone with an unlimited texting plan and internet access
* use text messaging at least once a week
* use Facebook daily
* have an active email account
* live in the continental USA

Exclusion Criteria:

* a medical condition that is contra-indicated for nicotine replacement therapy:
* pregnant
* breast feeding
* a recent heart attack
* an irregular heartbeat
* high blood pressure not controlled with medication
* skin allergies to adhesive tape or serious skin problems
* taking a prescription medicine for depression or anxiety
* use drugs or marijuana regularly
* live in the same household with another participant
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* adult smokers
* with an information and consent form completed
* agreed to participate in the study
* get a Smartphone and be willing to use applications
* wanting stop smoking (in short, medium or long terms).

Exclusion Criteria:

* refusal to participate in the study
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* regular cigarette smoker
* age ≥ 18
* mailing address \& valid photo I.D.
* want transdermal nicotine

Exclusion Criteria:

* not English speaking
* in recovery for pathological gambling
* contraindication for transdermal nicotine
* female who is pregnant, nursing a child, or not using effective contraception

Answer: D