Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: SodiUm Burden Lowered by Lifestyle Intervention: Self-Management and E-health Technology
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects and efficacy of dietary sodium restriction by mean of a new healthcare approach in patients with chronic kidney disease. The test persons in the intervention group are actively supported to adhere to a restricted sodium diet with a structured self-regulation program to implement sodium recommendations that are in current guidelines.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* included patients aged ≥ 18 years who had been on hemodialysis for at least 90 days, and were diagnosed with inflammation. Inflammation was defined as C Reactive Protein ≥ 0.7 mg/dL

Exclusion Criteria:

* acute inflammatory processes confirmed by clinical criteria and/or complementary tests
* acute inflammatory diseases
* tuberculosis
* use of antibiotics within the past two months
* chronic inflammatory diseases
* neoplasias
* chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
* use of central venous catheter and positive HIV serology
B: Inclusion Criteria:

The investigators will recruit those individuals:

* who are 18 years of age or older,
* who are literate, community-dwelling adults, and
* who have been receiving maintenance PD for at least 3 months. Individuals on maintenance PD less than 3 months are excluded to allow for patients to adjust to the PD regimen, and for stabilization of nutritional status in the early weeks of dialysis (i.e. they may be considered for the study after 3 months of dialysis)

Exclusion Criteria:

Excluded from the study will be individuals:

* who are deemed by dialysis center staff to have a problem with cognitive function and to be chronically noncompliant to the dialysis regimen (e.g. misses multiple appointments and dialysis treatments),
* those who cannot read or write, those who do not speak English,
* those who plan to move out of the area or change dialysis centers within the next 5 months,
* those with a terminal illness and life expectancy of less than 12 months,
* those who are scheduled for a living donor transplant,
* individuals who cannot see the PDA screen or use the stylus to make selections from the PDA screen, or
* individuals who are living in a nursing home or personal care facility, who would have limited control over their dietary intake
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Be 18 years or older.
* Have chronic kidney disease (CKD stage 1-3, CKD 4 if eGFR is not lower than 25 mL/min/1.73m2, or be a renal transplant recipient.)
* Have a urinary sodium excretion during at least the last 2 subsequent visits of more than 130 mmol per day, or one last urinary sodium excretion of more than 150 mmol per day.
* Have a systolic blood pressure higher than 135 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure higher than 85 mmHg or a well-controlled blood pressure by treatment with antihypertensives including RAAS-blockade (ACE-inhibitor or ARB).
* Sufficient command of the Dutch language.
* Access and ability to use the internet.
* Written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* eGFR \< 25 ml/min/1.73m2 or an anticipated need for predialysis work-up within the time frame of the study.
* Unstable disease: defined as rapid, persistent, progressive renal function loss (e.g. \> 6 mL/min/1.73m2 per year), not from acute, intermittent origin.
* Blood pressure \> 170 mmHg systolic or \> 100 mmHg diastolic during medical treatment
* Blood pressure \< 95 mmHg systolic not responding to withdrawal of antihypertensives.
* Cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident) \< 6 months ago.
* Renal transplantation \<1 year ago.
* Medical conditions that are likely to interfere with completion of the study (such as progressive malignancy or other debilitating illness) at the discretion of the nephrologist.
* Every patient who has participated in the ESMO study (regardless whether intervention or control) cannot participate in the current study.
* Current participation in any clinical trial that might interfere with SUBLIME trial.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male and female patients;
* Age \> 18 years;
* Type 2 diabetes patients on low or high sodium diet and stable RAS inhibitor therapy with the following conditions:

Urinary albumin excretion (UAE) rate \>300mg/24 hours (200 mcg/min); Serum creatinine \<2 mg/dL, PTH ≥ 20 mEq/L and \<110 mEq/L; Calcium and phosphorus levels \< 9.5 mg/dl and \< 5mg/dl, respectively; Controlled BP (systolic/diastolic \<140/90 mmHg) while on stable RAS inhibitor therapy;

- Written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Previous Vitamin D or Vitamin D analogs therapy (within 3 months prior to the study entry);
* Evidence of toxicity to Vitamin D;
* History of kidney stones;
* Poorly controlled Diabetes: Hb1Ac \> 12%;
* Therapy with calcitonin, bisphosphonates, cinacalcet, glucocorticoids, immunosuppressive drugs or other drug that may affect calcium or bone metabolism;
* Cancer and any severe systemic disease or clinical condition that may jeopardize data interpretation or completion of the study;
* Any clinically relevant conditions that might affect study participation and/or study results;
* Any contraindication to be exposed to Paricalcitol;
* Pregnancy or lactating;
* Women of childbearing potential without following a scientifically accepted form of contraception;
* Legal incapacity.

Answer: C