Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Smoking Cessation Treatment for Methadone Maintenance Patients
Brief Summary: Patients in substance abuse treatment smoke four times more than non-substance abusers, and suffer high rates of tobacco-related disease and death. While many quit smoking treatments exist that have been shown to help non-substance abusers quit smoking, little is known about what treatments work for patients in substance abuse treatment. The drug varenicline (Chantix) has been shown to be more effective at helping people quit smoking than nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion or placebo. However, varenicline has not yet been studied in patients in substance abuse treatment. The study aims to evaluate the feasibility, effectiveness and safety of varenicline, in combination with counseling, in methadone maintained smokers. It also aims to evaluate the link between quitting smoking and alcohol and illicit drug use in methadone maintained smokers. We hypothesize that participants receiving varenicline will have higher abstinence from smoking than participants receiving placebo and that participants taking varenicline will not have significantly more adverse reactions than were described in the general population in other studies. We also hypothesize that compared to continued smokers, tobacco abstainers will be more likely to be abstinent from alcohol or illicit drugs.


Options:
A: Arm Label: 1 Varenicline; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Varenicline | Arm Label: 2 Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Varenicline; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 Varenicline | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): 2 Placebo
B: Arm Label: Nicotine patch plus placebo gum; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Cognitive Behavior Therapy for alcohol and smoking cessation, Drug: Nicoderm CQ nicotine patch, Drug: Placebo gum | Arm Label: Nicotine patch plus active gum; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Cognitive Behavior Therapy for alcohol and smoking cessation, Drug: Nicoderm CQ nicotine patch, Drug: Nicotine gum - Nicorette® | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Cognitive Behavior Therapy for alcohol and smoking cessation; Assigned to Arm(s): Nicotine patch plus active gum, Nicotine patch plus placebo gum | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Nicoderm CQ nicotine patch; Assigned to Arm(s): Nicotine patch plus active gum, Nicotine patch plus placebo gum | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo gum; Assigned to Arm(s): Nicotine patch plus placebo gum | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Nicotine gum - Nicorette®; Assigned to Arm(s): Nicotine patch plus active gum
C: Arm Label: 1 concurrent smoking cessation; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: behavioral counseling plus contingency management | Arm Label: 2 deferred smoking cessation; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: behavioral counseling plus contingency management | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: behavioral counseling plus contingency management; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 concurrent smoking cessation, 2 deferred smoking cessation
D: Arm Label: Varenicline; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Varenicline | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Varenicline; Assigned to Arm(s): Varenicline | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo

Answer: D