Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: When is the Best Moment to Remove the Urinary Catheter After Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: MUCH Study.
Brief Summary: Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate if direct removal of the urine catheter after an laparoscopic hysterectomy (total laparoscopic hysterectomy and laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy) is associated with similar (or better) outcomes compared to delayed catheter removal after surgery, which is the current treatment. In addition, we want to investigate patient's experience on this subject.

Study design: Randomized Controlled trial, non-inferiority study.

Study population: Women older than 18 years old, who are a laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign indication or low-grade malignancy.

Intervention:

* Group A (treatment group): the patients in this group will have their catheter directly removed in the OR after LH.
* Group B (control group): the patients in the control group will have their catheter removed according to the regular protocol of the hospital (at least 6 hours in place).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* all patients planned for a cystocele repair

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients who already have voiding problems before the operation not related to the cystocele
* patients that are not capable of understanding our patient information form because of mental status or language
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients between 20-80 years old in general good health
* Patient willing to participate in the study
* Patient who understands and accepts to sign the informed consent form
* Patient who received proctectomy for rectal cancer located 15 cm or less of the anal verge

Exclusion Criteria:

* Documented problem of preoperative urinary dysfunction
* Any post-surgery change in patient condition which requires insertion of urinary catheter after surgery
* Past history of recurrent urinary tract infection or malignancy of urinary system organs
* Past history of surgery for urinary system organs
* Current administration of Finasteride or Dutasteride
* Liver dysfunction (SGOT or SGPT 100 IU/L or more)
* Kidney dysfunction (serum Creatinine 3mg/dl or more)
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Older than 18 years
* Scheduled for LH for benign indication or low-grade malignancy (with or without salpingo-oophorectomy)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Concomitant procedures such as prolapse surgery, severe endometrioses and/or bowel resection
* Preoperative known urinary voiding problems (incontinence)
* Preoperative known urinary tract infection
* Patients suffering from diseases potentially associated with inability to void (e.g. MS)
* A Gravid or postpartum hysterectomy
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* All women required total abdominal hysterectomy +/- bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for various benign gynaecological diseases in Queen Mary Hospital

Exclusion Criteria:

* a known history of neurological disorder
* a known history of urinary incontinence
* women who had recurrent urinary tract infections or positive urine culture (\>105 colony-forming units of an identified single uro-pathogen per milliliter of urine) pre-operatively
* women for whom a complicated procedure was encountered during the hysterectomy in which case in-dwelling catheter had to be kept post-operatively at the surgeon's decision
* women who had spinal anaesthesia as the choice of anaesthesia or received patient-controlled analgesia as post-operative pain relief.

Answer: C