Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Comparing the Efficacy of Methylphenidate, Dextroamphetamine and Placebo in Children Diagnosed With ADHD
Brief Summary: The study compares the efficacy of methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine and placebo on neuropsychological functioning and behavioral symptoms in 36 children diagnosed with ADHD within a double-blind cross-over design over six weeks. The assessment of ADHD followed formalized guidelines and a diagnosis of ADHD was based on DSM-IV criteria. A neuropsychological testbattery and four behavioral questionnaires were selected as efficacy variables. The neuropsychological testbattery includes Qb-test (visual attention, inhibitory control, motor activity), Score (auditory attention), Stroop Test (processing speed, inhibitory control) and Grooved Pegboard (motor speed). The participants were tested once on each type of medication. The four questionnaires are: a)Side-Effects Rating Scale (completed by a parent at the end of each of the six weeks), b)Self-Report Questionnaire (completed by the child at the end of each of the six weeks), c)Parent and Teacher Questionnaire(completed by a parent and a teacher Monday till Friday through every week), Test Performance Questionnaire (completed by the child immediately after each of the three test sessions).

Main hypothesis: A trial including both dextroamphetamine(Dex) and methylphenidate(Met) will provide better results than a trial including only Met. a)Met and Dex are efficient as treatment for ADHD compared to placebo, albeit Dex has moderately better effect compared to Met. b)At an individual level some of the participants will show positive response to one type of stimulants and no response, mixed response or adverse response to the other type of stimulant. c)Neuropsychological tests and behavioral questionnaires are moderately in agreement but also add unique information in the assessment of the effect of stimulants. d)Qb-test is sensitive and valid as a measure of the effect of stimulants.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male or female between 6 and 12 years of age, inclusive, at the time of Screening.
2. Diagnosed as meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria for ADHD.
3. A clinician-administered Clinical Global Impression of Severity (CGI-S) score of 3 or greater.
4. An ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS) score at Screening and Baseline greater than or equal to the 90th percentile normative values for gender and age in at least one of the following categories: hyperactive-impulsive subscale, inattentive subscale, or total score.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Secondary or co-morbid diagnoses other than ADHD, with the exception of simple phobias, oppositional defiant disorder, elimination disorders, motor skills disorders, communication disorders, learning disorders, adjustment disorders, and sleep disorders if, in the opinion of the investigator, the associated symptoms do not confound assessment of safety or efficacy.
2. Clinically significant cognitive impairment as assessed in the clinical judgment of the Investigator.
3. History of any of the following medical disorders: seizure disorder (excluding a history of febrile seizures), structural cardiac disorders, serious cardiac conditions, hypertension, untreated thyroid disease, glaucoma, Tourette's disorder, or chronic tics.
4. Clinically significant abnormal ECG finding or abnormal cardiac finding on physical exam (including presence of a pathologic murmur) at Screening.
5. Use of any psychotropic medication (sedative hypnotics prescribed as a sleep aid at a stable dose for at least 30 days prior to Baseline, at bedtime only, are allowed during the study).
6. A history of hypersensitivity or intolerance to any formulation of amphetamine or lisdexamfetamine.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Subject is a male or female aged 6-12 years inclusive at the time of consent.
2. Females of Child-bearing Potential (FOCP) must have a negative serum beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) pregnancy test at Screening and a negative urine pregnancy test at Baseline and agree to comply with any applicable contraceptive requirements of the protocol.
3. Primary diagnosis of ADHD: combined sub-type or predominantly hyperactive impulsive sub-type based on a detailed psychiatric evaluation.
4. Subject has a baseline ADHD-RS-IV score ≥ 28.
5. Intelligent Quotient (IQ) score of 80 or above on the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (KBIT).
6. Subject must be able to complete at least the Basic Test of the PERMP assessment.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Subject has a current, controlled (requiring a restricted medication) or uncontrolled, comorbid psychiatric diagnosis with significant symptoms such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), psychosis, bipolar illness, pervasive developmental disorder, severe obsessive compulsive disorder, severe depressive or severe anxiety disorder
2. Subject has Conduct Disorder.
3. Subject has a documented allergy, hypersensitivity or intolerance to amphetamines.
4. Subject has failed to respond to one or more adequate courses (dose and duration) of amphetamine therapy.
5. The subject has a recent history (within the past 6 months) of suspected substance abuse or dependence disorder (excluding nicotine) in accordance with DSM-IV-TR criteria.
6. Subject weighs less than 50 pounds (22.7kg).
7. Subject is significantly overweight
8. Subject had a history of seizures during the last two years (exclusive of febrile seizures), a tic disorder, a current diagnosis and/or family history of Tourette's Disorder.
9. Subject has any reported history of abnormal thyroid function.
10. Subject has taken another investigational drug or taken part in a clinical trial within the last 30 days prior to Screening.
11. Subject has a known history of structural cardiac abnormality, as well as any other condition(s) that may affect cardiac performance.
12. Subject has a concurrent chronic or acute illness (such as severe allergic rhinitis or an infectious process requiring antibiotics), disability, or other condition that might confound the results of safety assessments
13. Subject is taking other medications that have central nervous system (CNS) effects or affect performance, such as sedating antihistamines and decongestant sympathomimetics (bronchodilators are not exclusionary).
14. The female subject is pregnant or lactating.
15. Subject is well controlled on their current ADHD medication with acceptable tolerability.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age from 9.0 to 14.0.
* ADHD diagnosis following assessment at a child \& adolescent outpatient clinic.
* Clarification for stimulant treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Moderate or severe mental retardation.
* Psychosis.
* Proven brain damage.
* Sensory deficits and/or motor impairments that make the individual in question unsuitable for the relevant tests.
* Epilepsy.
* The child has previously been prescribed stimulant medication or is being treated with such medication.
* The child commutes between parents or there are other factors that substantially reduce the possibility of obtaining reliable observations from parents (The child needs to live in one place through out the whole trial since otherwise might severely influence the child's behaviour and the observations).
D: Inclusion Criteria

1. Subject is a male or female aged 6-12 years inclusive at the time of consent.
2. Females of Child-bearing Potential (FOCP) must have a negative serum beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) pregnancy test at Screening and a negative urine pregnancy test at Baseline and agree to comply with any applicable contraceptive requirements of the protocol.
3. primary diagnosis of ADHD based on a detailed psychiatric evaluation.
4. Subjects must have a baseline ADHD-RS-IV total score ≥28.
5. Subject is functioning at an age-appropriate level intellectually.
6. comply with all the testing and requirements.
7. Subject is able to swallow a capsule.
8. Subject has blood pressure measurements within the 95th percentile for age, gender, and height.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Subject has a current, controlled (requiring a restricted medication) or uncontrolled, comorbid psychiatric diagnosis with significant symptoms such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, psychosis, bipolar illness, pervasive developmental disorder, severe obsessive compulsive disorder, severe depressive or severe anxiety disorder or other symptomatic manifestations.
2. Subject has Conduct Disorder.
3. Subject has a documented allergy, hypersensitivity, or intolerance to amphetamines.
4. Subject has failed to respond to one or more adequate courses (dose and duration) of amphetamine therapy.
5. The subject has a recent history (within the past 6 months) of suspected substance abuse or dependence.
6. Subject has a positive urine drug result.
7. Subject weighs less than 50 pounds (22.7kg).
8. Subject is significantly overweight.
9. Subject has a history of seizures (exclusive of febrile seizures), a tic disorder, a current diagnosis and/or family history of Tourette's Disorder.
10. Subject has any reported history of abnormal thyroid function.
11. Subject has taken another investigational product or taken part in a clinical trial within 30 days prior to Screening.
12. Subject has a concurrent chronic or acute illness (such as severe allergic rhinitis or an infectious process requiring antibiotics), disability, or other condition that might confound the results of safety assessments.
13. The female subject is pregnant or lactating.
14. Subject is well-controlled on their current ADHD medication with acceptable tolerability.

Answer: C