Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Study on Improved Prevention Methods for Cerebro-cardiovascular Diseases Based on a Computer-aided Prevention System
Brief Summary: Stroke is one of the most frequent and life-threatening diseases in Europe. About four stroke events occur per day in Luxembourg alone, and about 30% of these patients are affected by recurrent stroke within the following five years. Thus, new methods of primary and secondary prevention are needed to better control lifestyle-related risk factors.

The development and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle (smoking cessation, healthy nutrition, moderate physical exercises etc.) is a major objective concerning the primary and secondary prevention of cerebro- and cardiovascular diseases. CAPSYS is a computer-based lifestyle coaching system developed by researchers from the Public Research Centre (CRP) Henri Tudor in Luxembourg in collaboration with neurologists from the Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), which aims at supporting patients in performing appropriate behavior changes in order to minimize their individual risk factors. Patients can access CAPSYS by dialing a local-rate telephone number and answer to a set of previously known questions concerning their current nutrition, physical activity, blood pressure, smoking etc. In an interactive voice response approach, questions are issued by the system in natural language using text-to-speech, and the patient can provide the required values using the phone keypad. Based on the gathered values for each patient, the system automatically generates personalized verbal feedback at runtime and presents it to the patient during the phone dialog. Depending on the individual development of the patient's risk factors, the system feedback can contain advice for improvement, praise for healthy behavior and motivation to pursue a certain goal.

The user acceptance and effectiveness of the CAPSYS system is evaluated in a six-month randomized controlled study with participants recruited at CHL's neurology department.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* At high risk of stroke:

  * Already suffered a stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) or
  * At least two risk factors for stroke:

    * High blood pressure
    * Overweight
    * Low physical activity
    * Smoking
    * Unhealthy diet

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability to fill out or to understand the informed consent
* No signed informed consent
* Dementia
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients of LAC+USC, Rancho Los Amigos, Olive View-UCLA, or Harbor-UCLA
* Patients who have had an acute transient ischemic attack (TIA) or ischemic stroke or carotid procedure within the last six months
* English or Spanish speaking
* At least 40 years of age
* Capable of giving informed consent (no proxies will be used to obtain consent)
* Blood pressure not optimally controlled (\>120/80, at least 72 hours post-stroke)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age 39 years or younger
* Hemorrhagic stroke
* Patients with severe global disability which would preclude him/her from participating in group clinics
* Patients with advanced dementia
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥ 18 years
* Hospitalized due to ischemic stroke\* or intercurrent ischemic stroke\* event within the past 30 days OR Transient ischemic attack, confirmed by stroke neurologist.
* Atherogenic etiology(large vessel, small vessel, cryptogenic with at least one stroke risk factor, or embolic stroke due to atherogenic cardiac disease) as defined by TOAST criteria.
* Community dwelling prior to stroke
* Resides within the District of Columbia or closely nearby (preferably within 10 miles of the DC border)
* Expected to reside within the District of Columbia or closely nearby (preferably within 10 miles of DC border)
* Caregiver or interested party available, if moderately or severely disabled (not required to actually reside with participant)
* Sufficient number of collateral contacts to assure follow-up. Defined as: Preferred: at least 6 contacts; and No fewer than 3 contacts (unless approved by study PI/co-PI/co-I)
* Judged likely to return to community setting at completion of post-acute care.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Non-atherogenic cause of stroke
* NIHSS \> 20
* Any medical condition that would limit participation in follow up assessments
* Baseline dementia per informant report (AD8) or screening assessment (Short Blessed Memory Orientation Concentration Test)
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients over 60 years of age
* Patients who have had a first stroke, transient or permanent, ischaemic or haemorrhagic, justifying hospitalisation
* Patients with high blood pressure already treated or discovered at the time of the stroke and justifying the start of a treatment
* Patients who have had a stroke with sequelae allowing immediate return home or justifying a stay of less than one month in rehabilitation
* Patient having a member of his social circle who has agreed to provide follow-up for two years in association with the assigned nursing personnel in case of randomisation into the "optimised follow-up" group.

Exclusion criteria

* Patients less than 60 years of age
* Patients with a history of stroke
* Patients who do not have high blood pressure discovered by a treatment prior to the stroke or by abnormal blood pressure figures during hospitalisation
* Patients who have had a stroke causing serious sequelae, justifying an extended stay in a rehabilitation department
* Patient who has no one in his social circle capable of working with the assigned nursing personnel, or patient living in an institution

Answer: A