Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: To Evaluate the Role of Mobile Phone SMS Messages and Automated Calls in Improving Vaccine Coverage Among Children in Pakistan
Brief Summary: Routine childhood immunization (RCI) in Pakistan is well below the recommended coverage of 90% with rates as low as 16% in certain regions (Pakistan DHS 2012-3). This has led to continued polio transmission, large measles outbreaks and thousands of deaths from vaccine-preventable diseases (Kazi.Bull WHO 2016). Mobile phone communication is widespread in developing countries and has proven a potential method of directly connecting pregnant women and mothers to health services (Kharbanda. Expert Review of Vaccine 2014). The investigators propose conducting a mixed methods proof of concept cluster randomized trial (CRT) to assess the effectiveness of different types of SMS messaging and automated calls to improve RCI and understand the perceptions and barriers that may affect SMS and automated call-based interventions at participants levels. the investigators will conduct the study at urban and rural sites in Pakistan. The investigators will examine an important public health question - do low cost, automated SMS, and automated messages improve RCI coverage in resource-constrained settings? Further, investigators will compare the effectiveness of reminder, educational and interactive text messages for improving RCI and will generate socio-cultural data regarding the impact of participants health beliefs that will be important for setting up the appropriate interventions in other LMICs.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Man or transgender M to F who has sex with men.
* Age 18 years or older.
* Subjects must have substantial ongoing risk of acquisition of HIV as evident by one or more of the following:

  * Has at least one HIV infected sexual partner for ≥4 weeks.
  * No condom use during anal intercourse with ≥3 male sex partners who are HIV-positive or of unknown HIV status during the last 3 months.
  * No condom use during anal sex with ≥1 male partner and STI diagnosis during the last 3 months.
* Negative for HIV infection by rapid HIV test and confirmed negative by NAT or other sensitive method such as antibody- antigen test.
* Acceptable laboratory values in the past 30 days:

  * Calculated creatinine clearance of at least 60 mL/min by the Cockcroft-Gault formula (eCcr (male) in mL/min = \[(140 - age in years) x (lean body weight in kg)\] / (72 x serum creatinine in mg/dL)
  * Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/ or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) \< 3 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
  * Hemoglobin \> 9 g/dL
  * Absolute neutrophil count \> 750/ mm3
  * Platelets \> 75,000/ mm3

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unable to give informed consent.
* Active hepatitis B (positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg) or HBSAg negative/ HB core antibody positive/ HBV PCR positive).
* Has substantial medical condition, that in the opinion of the investigator would preclude participation, as defined by

  * cardiovascular condition that may lead to an increased risk of complication if placed on study drugs.
  * gastrointestinal condition that would impair absorption of study drugs.
  * neurological or psychiatric condition that would significantly impair the ability to adhere to PrEP.
  * calculated GFR \< 60 mL/min.
  * alcohol or drug abuse or dependence that would significantly impair the ability to adhere to PrEP (only for those with severe impairment).
  * other medical condition that would unacceptably increase the risk of harm from study drug or significantly impair the ability to adhere to PrEP.
* Suspected sensitivity or allergy to the study drug or any of its components.
* Currently using an essential product or medication that interacts with the study drug such as the following:

  * ART (including nucleoside analogs, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors or investigational antiretroviral agents)
  * Agents with known nephrotoxic potential:

    * aminoglycoside antibiotics (including gentamicin)
    * IV amphotericin B
    * cidofovir
    * cisplatin
    * foscarnet
    * IV pentamidine
    * IV vancomycin
    * oral or IV gancyclovir
    * other agents with significant nephrotoxic potential
  * Drugs that slow renal excretion

    * Probenecid
  * Immune system modulators

    * Systemic chemotherapeutic agents (i.e. cancer treatment medications)
    * Ongoing systemic corticosteroids (with the exception of short courses of tapering steroid doses for asthma or other self- limited condition).
    * Interleukin-2 (IL-2)
    * Interferon (alpha, beta, or gamma)
  * Other agent known to have a significant interaction with TDF or FTC
  * Proteinuria 2+ or greater by urine dipstick
  * Signs or symptoms suggestive of acute HIV infection
  * Any other reason or condition that in the opinion of the investigator would interfere with participation, complicate interpretation of study outcome data, or otherwise interfere with achieving the study objectives.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Must have and use a mobile phone
* Enrolled at one of the following clinics: CESFAM El Roble or CESFAM Juan Pablo II.
* Must not have had a Pap test within 3 years or more from recruitment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Women who have ever had the diagnosis of cervical cancer.
* Women with a mental or physical disability that inhibits them from understanding the implications of the study or being able to reach the health clinic for an exam.
* Women that are considering relocating within the next year.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* The inclusion criteria includes being a child from the HDSS site, being less than 14 days of age with parent/guardian or at least one person in the household having a working mobile phone connection and parent/guardian providing consent to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* The exclusion criteria includes a child from outside HDSS area or family plans to stay in the catchment area for less than 20 weeks
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* women who were registered by local Maternal Child Health unit during the study period

Exclusion Criteria:

Answer: C