Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Effects of a Nurse-led Case Management Programme on Home Exercise Training for Haemodialysis Patients
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of a nurse-led case management programme on home exercise training for haemodialysis patients. We hypothesised that: a. There is no significant difference in physical functioning between participants receiving the nurse-led home exercise training programme and those receiving the comparison care. b. There is no difference in depression between participants receiving the nurse-led home exercise training programme and those receiving the comparison care. c. There is no difference in quality of life and health perception between participants receiving the nurse-led home exercise training programme and those receiving the comparison care. d. There is no difference in physical activity levels between participants receiving the nurse-led home exercise training programme and those receiving the comparison care. e. There is no difference in perceived benefits and barriers of exercise between participants receiving the nurse-led home exercise training programme and those receiving the comparison care.

The study was a randomized controlled trial conducted in two haemodialysis units of two tertiary hospitals in Nanjing, China. Participants were randomly assigned to either study group or comparison group. Participants in both groups received the in-center exercise training (20 minutes) before haemodialysis sessions weekly for 6 weeks and were instructed to perform exercise at home. The in-center training was focused on flexibility and strengthening exercise. Patients were encouraged to have cardiovascular exercises at home which will improve their cardiovascular conditions and endurance. The list of cardiovascular exercise included brisk walking, bicycling, jogging. Participants in the study group were instructed to start walking or brisk walking at low duration and gradually progress to a maximum of 30 minutes daily per week. To facilitate exercise progression, the nurse case managers discussed exercise benefits, explored exercise barriers and developed mutual goals with patients. The nurse motivated them and checked the exercise behaviors to ensure adherence to the recommended exercise regime. The nurse case managers interviewed the study group patients weekly for six weeks and biweekly for another six weeks. Participants in the comparison group only participated in the in-center exercise training. The comparison group patients received usual care from the nurse without the interviews and mutual goals developed.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Standard Dialysis; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Typical Dialysis, Procedure: Exercise | Arm Label: Cold Dialysis; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Cold Dialysis, Procedure: Exercise | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Cold Dialysis; Assigned to Arm(s): Cold Dialysis | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Typical Dialysis; Assigned to Arm(s): Standard Dialysis | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Exercise; Assigned to Arm(s): Cold Dialysis, Standard Dialysis
B: Arm Label: Aerobic exercise; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Exercise | Arm Label: Resistance; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Exercise | Arm Label: Combined aerobic and resistance; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Exercise | Arm Label: Flexibility; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Exercise | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Exercise; Assigned to Arm(s): Aerobic exercise, Combined aerobic and resistance, Flexibility, Resistance
C: Arm Label: Exercise; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Exercise | Arm Label: Usual care; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Exercise; Assigned to Arm(s): Exercise
D: Arm Label: Nurse-led interviewing; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Nurse-led interviewing | Arm Label: Brief group exercise; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Brief group exercise | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Nurse-led interviewing; Assigned to Arm(s): Nurse-led interviewing | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Brief group exercise; Assigned to Arm(s): Brief group exercise

Answer: D