Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Work Place Adjusted Intelligent Physical Exercise Reducing Musculoskeletal Pain in Shoulder and Neck (VIMS) - Industrial Workers
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of specific resistance training on neck/shoulder pain in industrial workers.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

The following inclusion criteria will be used to determine eligibility for this study:

1. Primary complaint of neck pain with or without unilateral upper extremity symptoms
2. Age between 18-60 years old
3. NDI score greater than 10 points

Exclusion Criteria:

The following exclusion criteria will be used to determine ineligibility for this study:

1. Red flags noted in the patient's Neck Medical Screening Questionnaire (i.e. tumor, fracture, metabolic diseases, RA, osteoporosis, prolonged history of steroid use, etc.)
2. History of whiplash injury within the past six weeks
3. Diagnosis of cervical spinal stenosis or bilateral upper extremity symptoms
4. Evidence of central nervous system involvement, to include hyperreflexia, sensory disturbances in the hand, intrinsic muscle wasting of the hands, unsteadiness during walking, nystagmus, loss of visual acuity, impaired sensation of the face, altered taste, the presence of pathological reflexes (i.e. positive Hoffman's and/or Babinski reflexes), etc.
5. Two or more positive neurologic signs consistent with nerve root compression, including any two of the following:
6. Muscle weakness involving a major muscle group of the upper extremity
7. Diminished upper extremity muscle stretch reflex (biceps brachii, brachioradialis, or triceps reflex)
8. Diminished or absent sensation to pinprick in any upper extremity dermatome
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Chronic neck pain (Defined as current episode more than 12 weeks duration.)
* Quebec Task Force classifications 1, 2, 3 and 4. This includes patients with neck pain, stiffness or tenderness, with or without musculoskeletal and neurological signs.
* 65 years of age and older
* Independent ambulation
* Community dwelling (residency outside nursing home)
* Score of 20 or more on Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination
* Stable prescription medication plan (no changes in prescription medications that affect musculoskeletal pain in previous month)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Referred neck pain from local joint lesions of the upper extremities or from visceral diseases
* Significant infectious disease
* Ongoing treatment for neck pain by other health care providers
* Mean neck pain score of less than 20 percentage points
* Contraindications to exercise Determined by history or by referral to supplementary diagnostic tests (i.e., uncontrolled arrhythmias, third degree heart block, recent ECG changes, unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction, acute congestive heart failure, cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, poorly controlled blood pressure, uncontrolled metabolic disease)
* Contraindications to spinal manipulation (i.e. Progressive neurological deficits, blood clotting disorders, severe osteoporosis, infectious and non-infectious inflammatory or destructive tissue changes of the spine)
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* All the subjects employed at the Municipality of Turin at September, 2007 will be recruited.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Because of the pragmatic design, no exclusion criteria are required for this study.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* industrial worker

Exclusion Criteria:

* trauma, life threatening diseases, pregnancy

Answer: D