Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effectiveness of Food/Nutrient Based Interventions to Prevent Stunting Among Children Under Five in Thatta and Sujawal Districts, Sindh Province, Pakistan
Brief Summary: Widespread food insecurity and malnutrition are largely the main impairing factors for human capital development in Pakistan. Rates of chronic malnutrition are very high, and acute malnutrition is critical: 44% of children under five are stunted and nationwide global acute malnutrition (GAM) rates amongst children under five exceed the WHO critical threshold of 15%. Nutritional status trends also show a deteriorating situation since 1994, when stunting rates were at 36%.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of food based interventions to prevent stunting among children under-five years with focus on window of opportunity (1000 days from conception to 2 years) for addressing stunting. Pregnant women, lactating mothers and children 6-59 months will receive supplements on monthly basis in intervention areas, while participants in control areas will receive routine public health services available in the study area.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Essential Health Care (EHC) only; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Mass media | Arm Label: EHC + Micronutrient Powders; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Micronutrient powders, Behavioral: Mass media | Arm Label: EHC + BCC; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: EHC + BCC, Behavioral: Mass media | Arm Label: EHC + BCC + Micronutrient powders; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: EHC + BCC, Dietary Supplement: Micronutrient powders, Behavioral: Mass media | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: EHC + BCC; Assigned to Arm(s): EHC + BCC, EHC + BCC + Micronutrient powders | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Micronutrient powders; Assigned to Arm(s): EHC + BCC + Micronutrient powders, EHC + Micronutrient Powders | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Mass media; Assigned to Arm(s): EHC + BCC, EHC + BCC + Micronutrient powders, EHC + Micronutrient Powders, Essential Health Care (EHC) only
B: Arm Label: Micronutrient Sprinkles; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Micronutrient powders (Sprinkles) | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Micronutrient powders (Sprinkles); Assigned to Arm(s): Micronutrient Sprinkles
C: Arm Label: MixMe powder (iron & micronutrients); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: fortification with iron and micronutrients | Arm Label: MixMe powder (micronutrients, no iron); Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: fortification with iron and micronutrients | Arm Label: Sprinkles (iron and micronutrients); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Sprinkles | Arm Label: Sprinkles (micronutrients, no iron); Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Sprinkles | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: fortification with iron and micronutrients; Assigned to Arm(s): MixMe powder (iron & micronutrients), MixMe powder (micronutrients, no iron) | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Sprinkles; Assigned to Arm(s): Sprinkles (iron and micronutrients), Sprinkles (micronutrients, no iron)
D: Arm Label: Intervention; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Wheat Soya Blend (WSB), Dietary Supplement: Wawa Mum, Dietary Supplement: Micronutrient Powders (MNP), Behavioral: Behavior change and preventive health massages | Arm Label: Control; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Wheat Soya Blend (WSB); Assigned to Arm(s): Intervention | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Wawa Mum; Assigned to Arm(s): Intervention | Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT; Name: Micronutrient Powders (MNP); Assigned to Arm(s): Intervention | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Behavior change and preventive health massages; Assigned to Arm(s): Intervention

Answer: D