Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Evaluating the Effect of Aprepitant on Cyclophosphamide Pharmacokinetics
Brief Summary: RATIONALE: Antiemetic drugs, such as aprepitant, may help lessen or prevent nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying aprepitant to see how well it works compared to placebo in preventing nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 years of age or older, of either gender, and of any race
* Has never been treated with cisplatin and is to receive the first course of cisplatin-based chemotherapy (≥60 mg/m2)
* Karnofsky performance score of ≥60
* Predicted life expectancy of ≥4 months
* Adequate bone marrow, kidney, and liver function

Exclusion Criteria:

* Contraindication to cisplatin, granisetron, or dexamethasone
* Is pregnant or breast feeding
* Has previously received cisplatin or subject is planning to receive multiple days of cisplatin in a single cycle
* Has taken the following agents within the last 48 hours 5-HT3 antagonists,Phenothiazines,Benzamides,Domperidone,Cannabinoids,NK1 antagonist, Benzodiazepines
* Scheduled to receive any other chemotherapeutic agent with an emetogenicity level of 4 or above (Hesketh Scale) from Day 2 through Day 6, except on Day 1.
* Scheduled to receive any radiation therapy to the abdomen or pelvis from Day -5 through Day 6
* Has received systemic corticosteroids or sedative antihistamines within 72 hours of Day 1 of the study except as premedication for chemotherapy (e.g., taxanes, pemetrexed)
* Symptomatic primary or metastatic CNS disease.
* Has ongoing vomiting, retching, clinically significant nausea caused by any etiology, or has a history of anticipatory nausea and vomiting.
* Has vomited and/or has had dry heaves/retching within 24 hours prior to the start of cisplatin-based chemotherapy on Day 1 in Cycle 1.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or female
* 18 years of age
* A female is eligible to enter and participate in this study if she is of:

  1. Non-child-bearing potential (i.e., physiologically incapable of becoming pregnant), including any female who has had at least one of the following:

     * Has had a hysterectomy, or
     * Has had a bilateral oophorectomy (ovariectomy), or
     * Has had a bilateral tubal ligation, or • Is considered post-menopausal (defined as amenorrheic for ≥ 1 year) and having serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and serum estradiol concentrations consistent with post-menopausal status.
  2. Childbearing potential, has a negative serum pregnancy or negative urine pregnancy test within 24 hours prior to administration of the first dose of study medication and agrees to one of the following:

     * Complete abstinence from sexual intercourse from two weeks prior to administration of the first dose of investigational product until 30 days after the final dose of study medication.
     * Use double-barrier contraception (condom with spermicidal jelly, foam suppository, or film; diaphragm with spermicide; or male condom and diaphragm) from two weeks prior to administration of the first dose of investigational product until 30 days after the final dose of study medication.
     * Vasectomized partner who has been documented to be sterile prior to the female subject's entry and is the sole sexual partner for that female.
     * NOTE: if women of childbearing potential are enrolled, they must use double-barrier contraception in addition to oral contraceptives during the active study treatment period until 6 weeks after the final dose of study medication.
* Histologically confirmed malignant solid tumor and is scheduled to receive at least 2 courses of chemotherapy with docetaxel as a single intravenous dose of 20 to 40 mg/m2 given over a duration of one hour and repeated weekly.
* Received eight or fewer previous doses of docetaxel. Subjects that have received more than eight doses of docetaxel must receive permission from the GSK medical monitor in order to be eligible for the study.
* ECOG performance status score of less than or equal to 2

NOTE: If the subject's performance status deteriorates between the screening Visit and the time of first dose of study drug to a score \> 2, the subject will be excluded from the study

* Adequate hematologic and other physiological organ function as evidenced by Absolute Neutrophil Count ≥1500/mm3. Platelets ≥ 100,000/mm3 Hemoglobin ≥ 9 g/dL Serum creatinine \< 1.5 mg/dL Total Bilirubin ≤ upper limit of the reference range Aspartate Transaminase (AST) \< 2 x upper limit of the reference range Alanine Transaminase (ALT) \< 2 x upper limit of the reference range Alkaline Phosphatase \< 2.5 x upper limit of the reference range. Calculated creatinine clearance \> 50 mL/min (measured by Cockcroft Gault Formula;)
* Written informed consent is obtained prior to any study-specific procedures or assessments.
* Able to swallow and retain oral medications.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant or lactating.
* Received radiation therapy to the abdomen or the pelvis in the 28 days prior to receiving the first dose of study medication or that are scheduled to receive radiation therapy to the abdomen or the pelvis in the six days following the first dose of study medication.
* Received a dose of docetaxel during the week prior to Day -1.
* Known central nervous system primary or metastatic malignancy, unless successfully treated with excision or radiation and has been stable for at least 3 months prior to receiving the first dose of study medication.
* Active systemic infection or any poorly controlled medical condition (other than malignancy) which, in the opinion of the investigator, may confound the results of the study or pose an unwarranted risk to the subject. Subjects with a previous, but not current, history of alcoholism may be permitted provided that, in the investigator's opinion, the subject's disease state will not confound the results of the study.
* Receiving regular treatment with high dose systemic corticosteroid therapy or steroid dose within 72 hours prior to receiving the first dose of study medication. Topical steroids and inhaled corticosteroids with a steroid dose of less than or equal to 10 mg prednisone daily (or its equivalent) are permitted if the subject has been on this dose for at least 14 days prior to dosing.
* Hypersensitivity or contraindication to ondansetron or other 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, dexamethasone, docetaxel, casopitant, or any component of the above mentioned medications.
* Received an investigational drug within the 28 days or five half-lives (whichever is longer) prior to receiving the first dose of study medication, or is scheduled to receive any investigational drug during the study.
* Use of strong inhibitors of CYP3A4 or CYP3A5 prior to the first dose of study medication
* Use of inducers of CYP3A4 or CYP3A5 (other than steroids described in Exclusion Criteria 5) within 14 days prior to the first dose of study medication
* Use of drugs with a narrow therapeutic index that interact with the P-glycoprotein pathway within 14 days prior to the first dose of study medication until 14 days after the last dose of docetaxel including digoxin.
* Use of drugs with a narrow therapeutic index that are metabolized by CYP2C8 within 14 days prior to the first dose of study medication including repaglinide and torsemide.
* Disease that will significantly affect absorption of oral medications.
* Inadequate venous access for pharmacokinetic sampling.
* Unresolved Grade 2 or worse toxicity from prior therapy.
* Active peptic ulcer disease (PUD) or a history of PUD of unknown etiology. NOTE: Subject is eligible to enter and participate in this study if they have a history of PUD of known etiology with documentation from a gastroenterologist or other qualified physician of the etiology of the PUD and that effective treatment was provided with full eradication of ulcers and symptoms. Subjects who present with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are eligible. However, if the investigator suspects PUD in such a subject, the subject must have a GI assessment to rule out PUD. If assessment is negative, subject may enter the study. For these subjects, appropriate steps must also have been taken to minimize the risk of reoccurrence. If PUD was non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) induced, the subject should no longer be taking NSAID medication(s). If PUD was induced by H. pylori, the subject should have been appropriately treated.
* Stool positive for occult blood. Test may be repeated once if subject did not abstain from red meat for the previous three days.
* Pepsinogen level below the lower limit of laboratory reference range (LLRR).
* Troponin level above 10% of the coefficient of variation of the assay as determined by the laboratory performing the test.
* Calculated QT interval (QTc) \> 480 msecs.
* Clinically significant cardiac disease that would interfere with participation in the study as determined by the investigator.
* Known or suspected iron deficiency.
* Use of NSAIDS, including aspirin at any dose, and including COX2 inhibitors. These medications are prohibited 7 days prior to administration of study drug and for the duration of the study until 72 hours after the last dose of study drug.
C: DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

* Diagnosis of breast cancer
* Planning to receive cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m²-1,000 mg/m² IV infusion

  * No cyclophosphamide dose change between courses 1 and 2

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

* Life expectancy ≥ 2 months
* ANC ≥ 1,500/μL
* Platelet count ≥ 100 x 10\^9/L
* Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL
* Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 mg/dL
* AST/ALT ≤ 2 times upper limit of normal
* Not pregnant or nursing
* No contraindication to aprepitant

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

* See Disease Characteristics
* No concurrent medications that are CYP3A4 substrates, inhibitors, and/or inducers, with the exception of the dexamethasone contained as part of the standard antiemetic regimen
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of cancer, admitted for myelosupppresive stem cell transplantation. Included preparative regimens include: TBI/VP16/CY, TBI/CY, BU/CY (PO \& IV), and BCV
* Age 18 or older
* Alcohol intake \<100 gm/d for the last year (\< approximately 5 drinks per day)
* Renal function: estimated or measured CrCl 50 ml/min
* Liver function: T.Bili \<1.5, AST \< 2x ULN, unless due to disease
* Able to swallow tablets and capsules

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age \< 18
* High alcohol intake \[\> 100 gm/d in the last year\]
* Allergy or intolerance to: ondansetron or dexamethasone
* Renal dysfunction \[measured or estimated CrCl \< 50 ml/min\]
* Liver dysfunction \[T.Bili \> 1.5, AST \> 2x ULN, unless due to disease\]
* Inability to swallow tablets or capsules
* Concurrent condition requiring systemic steroid use
* Nonmyeloablative SCT, patients receiving the conditioning regimens not included \[see inclusion criteria\]
* History of anticipatory nausea and vomiting

Answer: C