Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Advance Care Planning in Nursing Homes in Flanders, a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial and Process Evaluation
Brief Summary: Advance care planning (ACP) is a process that supports adults at any age or stage of health in understanding and sharing their personal values, life goals, and preferences regarding future (medical) care. ACP is of particular relevance for frail older adults, particularly in the nursing home setting where an important proportion of older people die. However, the actual implementation of ACP in nursing home practice seems to be a challenge in many countries worldwide, and people often do not get the opportunity to discuss their preferences in advance. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a theory-based advance care planning training programme (ACP+ programme) for nursing homes in Flanders, Belgium, using a cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) design. The ACP+ programme aims to integrate ACP in routine nursing home care by training the nursing home staff and management. Residents and their family will receive in-depth information on ACP and participate in one or several ACP conversations, if they wish so.

Who can participate? Nursing homes that conform to the eligibility criteria: at least 100 beds, situated in Flanders and did not participate in a similar research or implementation project over the last 4 years.

What does the study involve? The researchers will perform a cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) to evaluate the effects of an ACP training programme in nursing homes in Flanders (Belgium), accompanied by a process evaluation. Fourteen nursing homes will be randomized to either the intervention group, which will receive the intervention (ACP+ programme), or the control group, in which no additional training regarding ACP (other than that which is part of routine practice) will be provided. The nursing homes in the control group will receive a short training on ACP, as well as all training materials used in the intervention after the last follow-up measurements.

At month 0 the researchers will perform a baseline measurement in the intervention and control groups using structured questionnaires to be filled in by all care staff in the nursing home. At the end of month 8, the same questionnaires will be administered again in all nursing homes (follow-up). The process evaluation will employ structured diaries for ACP trainers, attendance lists for training sessions, audiotaping of a sample of ACP conversations and individual and group interviews with staff and management of the intervention homes.

Hypotheses The primary hypothesis is that the introduction of the ACP+ programme in nursing homes will improve the knowledge and self-efficacy of nursing home care staff regarding advance care planning.


Options:
A: Fall Related Process Measures (6 months post intervention)
B: Acceptability of the TM among the LTCF staff (6 months)
C: Change in knowledge of and self-efficacy concerning ACP (One questionnaire at baseline (T0), one questionnaire at follow-up (T1, 8 months after T0))
D: Rate of reduction in wound surface area (cm2/days) (6 mths)

Answer: C