Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Brief Intervention to Improve Adherence in Teens With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Brief Summary: This project will test if a phone intervention can improve the medicine-taking behavior of teens with IBD. The investigators will study teens who are taking medicine by mouth. The investigators will test if two phone calls that help teens solve problems with their IBD medicine help to increase how often teens take their medicine. The study will also see if there is any extra benefit of more sessions (four compared to two). The investigators will ask 90 teens to be in the study. Teens can be in the study if they are 11-18 years old and speak English. They must also take an IBD medication by mouth and have a parent who also wants to be in the study. Teens who agree to be in the study will fill out forms at the beginning (participant week 0), middle (participant week 12), and end of the study (participant week 20). After assessment 1, they will be randomly assigned to either receive 2 phone calls or a wait list group (participant weeks 6-10). After that, they will complete a second assessment. After the second assessment, teens who got the 2 phone calls right will be re-randomized to two more sessions or no more sessions (participant weeks 14-18). Teens who were in the wait list group will get two phone sessions (participant weeks 14-18). After that, there will be a final assessment (participant week 20). The investigators expect the phone intervention sessions to reduce barriers to medicine taking, improve medicine taking, and improve teen quality of life.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* The child is 7 to 12 years old
* The child experienced at least three episodes of unexplained abdominal pain over a three month period which affected the child's activities
* The child lived with the primary caregiver for at least the last 3 months
* The child and the parent agree to the conditions of study participation, including randomization, participation in intervention and follow-up evaluations
* The parent and child comprehend and speak English without assistance

Exclusion Criteria:

* The child has positive physical or laboratory findings which would explain the abdominal pain
* The child has a chronic disease (e.g. Crohn's, ulcerative colitis, pancreatitis, diabetes, epilepsy, etc.)
* The child is lactose intolerant
* The child had major surgery in the past year
* The parent or child has developmental disabilities that require full-time special education or that impair ability to respond to assessment measures
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Inclusion criteria mandate that the families selected demonstrate adherence with standard SCD treatment as indicated by reliable attendance to clinic visits, and chart notes demonstrating adherence to prescribed medical care (e.g., follow-through with required specialist visits and appointments for diagnostic procedures). Participants must have had at least 1 major pain episode or 3 minor pain episodes in the previous 6 months that resulted in functional impairment, such as reduced school attendance.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Individuals with developmental disabilities such as mental retardation, autism, and Down syndrome, severe cognitive limitations following stroke, or diagnoses of severe psychopathology will be excluded from participation as these disorders have the potential to confound the findings.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* adolescents 12 to 18 years
* diagnosed with JIA,
* able to speak and read English or French
* able to complete baseline online outcome measures.

Exclusion Criteria:

* cognitive impairment
* major co-morbid illnesses (medical or psychiatric) which may impact their ability to understand and use the web-based program.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* patient age 11-18 years
* patient English speaking
* patient legal guardian willing to participate
* patient on oral IBD maintenance medication for 3 months or longer

Exclusion Criteria:

* history of significant parent-reported cognitive or developmental delay

Answer: D