Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Frequent Hemodialysis Network: Nocturnal Trial
Brief Summary: The Frequent Hemodialysis (FHN) Nocturnal Trial is a randomized controlled trial recruiting subjects from dialysis units associated with designated Clinical Centers in the U.S. and Canada and followed for 12 months. Subjects will be randomized to conventional hemodialysis delivered three days per week home arm or to the six times per week nocturnal home hemodialysis arm which will follow any dialysis prescription provided their prescribed standardized Kt/V is at least 4.0 and treatment time is at least 6.0 hours, six times per week.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis for 3 or more months

Exclusion Criteria:

* inadequate dialysis; Kt/V \<1.2
* nonadherent to dialysis treatments; missing \>2 dialysis sessions in the month prior to screening
* catabolic state; HIV with opportunistic infection in the last 3 months, malignancy, or infection requiring intravenous antibiotics within 2 months prior to screening
* unable to give informed consent
* active intravenous drug use
* contraindications to resistance exercise; myocardial infarction within 6 months, active angina, uncompensated congestive heart failure, orthopedic or musculoskeletal limitations
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* age greater than 18 years
* undergoing hemodialysis for 3 months or more or healthy control without kidney disease

Exclusion Criteria:

* inability to give informed consent
* diagnosis of diabetes mellitus
* musculoskeletal contraindication to exercise
* infection requiring intravenous antibiotics within 2 months
* hospitalization within 2 months
* ingestion of antioxidant supplements within one month
* requirement for systemic anticoagulation
* estimated GFR \<60 ml/min/1.73 m2 for healthy controls
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with end stage renal disease requiring chronic renal replacement therapy
2. Age ≥ 18 years,
3. Achieved mean eKt/V of ≥ 1.1 during Baseline

Exclusion Criteria:

1. GFR greater than 10 ml/min/1.73 m2 as measured by the average of urea and creatinine clearances obtained from a urine collection of at least 24 hours
2. Expectation that native kidneys will recover kidney function
3. Current access is temporary non-tunneled catheter
4. Unable to follow the nocturnal home hemodialysis training protocol for any reason, including inability to train the patient or the patient's caregiver
5. Non-compliance with hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis treatments in the past
6. Medical conditions that would prevent the patient from performing the cardiac MRI procedure (e.g., inability to remain still for the procedure, a metallic object in the body, including cardiac pacemaker, inner ear (cochlear) implant, brain aneurysm clips, mechanical heart valves, recently placed artificial joints, and older vascular stents)
7. Unable to verbally communicate in English or Spanish
8. Current requirement for hemodialysis more than three times per week due to medical comorbidity (ultrafiltration session on fourth day per week not an exclusion criteria)
9. Currently on daily or nocturnal HD, or less than 3 months since the patient discontinued daily or nocturnal HD
10. Scheduled for living donor kidney transplant, change to peritoneal dialysis, or plans to relocate to an area outside of the referral area of one of the Clinical Centers within the next 12 months
11. Expected geographic unavailability at the Clinical Center (for standard arm patients) or at home (for nocturnal arm patients) for \> 2 consecutive weeks or \> 5 weeks total during the next 12 months (excluding unavailability due to hospitalizations)
12. Less than 3 months since the patient returned after acute rejection resulting in allograft failure
13. Currently in acute care or chronic care hospital
14. Life expectancy less than six months
15. A medical history that might limit the individual's ability to take trial treatments for the 12 month duration of the study, including: currently receiving chemo or radiotherapy for a malignant neoplastic disease other than localized non-melanoma skin cancer, active systemic infection (including tuberculosis, disseminated fungal infection, active AIDS but not HIV), and cirrhosis with encephalopathy
16. Current pregnancy or planning to become pregnant within the next fourteen months (patients require a higher dose of dialysis if pregnant). All female patients that have not gone through menopause will need to use an effective contraceptive method while enrolled in the study.
17. Contraindication to heparin, including allergy or heparin induced thrombocytopenia
18. Current use of investigational drugs or participation in an interventional clinical trial that contradicts or interferes with the therapies or measured outcomes in this trial
19. Unable or unwilling to follow the study protocol for any reason (including mental incompetence)
20. Unable or unwilling to provide informed consent or sign IRB-approved consent form
D: Inclusion Criteria:

Adult hemodialysis patients both sexes who has received regular HD treatment for at least 6 months, adequate dialysis delivery with Kt/V \>1.1 and good compliance with dialysis treatment, with serum albumin \> 2.5 g/dL, hemoglobin\>= 11g/dL sleep onset latency \> 15 minutes or sleep efficiency \< 85% or arousal index \> 25

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients unable to give informed consent, with opportunistic infection in the last 3 months, malignancy or infection requiring intravenous antibiotics within 2 months prior to enrollment, myoskeletal contraindication to exercise requirement for systemic anticoagulation, participating or participated in an investigational drug or medical device study within 30 days or five half-lives, pregnant, breast feed or female of childbearing potential who does not agree to remain abstinent or to use an acceptable contraceptive regimen, lactate dehydrogenase \> 300U/L, prolonged heart wave (QT) interval (as defined by corrected QT (QTc) \> 460 msec in males and \> 470 msec in females) on screening electrocardiogram (ECG), known current alcohol or drug abuse, known or suspected hypersensitivity to the study medication or any of its ingredients,

Answer: C