Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Mobile Phone Based Structured Intervention to Achieve Asthma Control in Patients With Uncontrolled Persistent Asthma: Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: Although asthma outcomes can be improved with structured care, less than half of people with asthma achieve good control. Part of the problem is poor adherence with self-monitoring and preventive drug regimes. This trial will test whether using mobile phone-based monitoring, as part of a structured care plan, improves clinical outcomes and confidence in people with poorly controlled asthma.

Adults and teenagers with poorly controlled asthma will be recruited and randomly assigned to one of two groups. Those in the mobile phone group will monitor their asthma daily using their mobile phone to record symptoms, medication and lung function. Instantaneous feedback to their phone will provide a visual indication of asthma control and prompts about therapy. The patient and their clinician will have web-based access to all readings. People in the control group will use traditional paper-based monitoring. Under the care of their asthma nurse, both groups will be treated according to the step-wise approach of the BTS/SIGN asthma guideline in order to gain control.

We will use the validated Asthma Control Questionnaire to measure control at baseline, three and six months, and compare improvement in the two groups. We will also assess how confident people feel in controlling their asthma, using a validated measure of self-efficacy, attitudes and knowledge.

Technological solutions to long-term healthcare problems are increasingly being sought by patients, clinicians and policy makers. If successful, our trial could provide timely evidence for the use of information technology to address the long-recognised problem of poor asthma control.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* individuals who fill a (incident or prevalent) prescription for inhaled corticosteroids (either monotherapy or in combination inhaler with long-acting beta-agonists) who have been diagnosed by a doctor as having asthma
* possessing a cell-phone with ability to send/receive text messages
* residing in British Columbia (BC), Canada and planning to reside in BC for the next 12 months
* registered with the medical services plan (MSP, the provincial insure of medically-required services) in the past 12 months, and planning to remain registered for the next 12 months
* designated pharmacy being the main drugstore for patient
* not participating in another interventional study
* consent to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unable to communicate in English
* Under 14 years of age
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Parents of children, aged 4-12 with moderate to severe asthma
C: Inclusion Criteria:

The study participants will be a non-institutionalized ambulatory sample of women who are willing to participate in the project and meet the following criteria:

* Self-identify as African-American
* 18 years of age or older
* Are listed on the University of Michigan Health System (UMHS) Asthma Patient Registry, a validated, all-payer registry of patients with persistent asthma cared for within the UM Health System
* Have access to a telephone or cell phone
* Are not pregnant.. Because the UMHS Asthma Patient Registry is validated, there is minimal risk of diagnostic misclassification. The Registry is created and maintained with a two-step process of identification and validation. UMHS patients with persistent asthma are initially identified through the electronic medical record using National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) criteria, billing and claims data (when available), and then are validated using documented clinical diagnoses, pulmonary function test (PFT) results, or clinician review.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with chronic respiratory conditions, including cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are excluded
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient with poorly controlled asthma

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patient under age of 12
* Not possessing a mobile phone and who don't have adequate command of the English language

Answer: D