Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Improvement of Biochemical Markers After Reduction of Artificially Sweetened Beverages Consumption. A Clinical Randomised Trial
Brief Summary: The consumption of artificially sweetened beverages increases glucose and insulin concentrations in blood, body weight and waist circumference. However, the effect of restricting the consumption of these beverages on metabolism is unknown. Our objective is to evaluate the effect of reducing artificially sweetened beverages consumption on the metabolism of overweight and obese young adults. A randomized, blind, controlled 12 week clinical trial will be performed on overweight and obese young adults. Young adults, consumers of artificially sweetened beverages, will be randomly assign to either Control group (no changes in their alimentary habits) or Intervention group (no intake of artificially sweetened beverages). The percentage change between 0 and 12 weeks of anthropometric variables, fasting plasma concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, insulin and cholesterol will be calculated and compared.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Men and women in good health
* Soft drinks consumers (between 4 cans/week to 4 cans/day)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Metabolic disorders (hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia)
* Daily consumption of more than 4 cans of soft drinks
* Regular use of medication affecting study parameters
* Change of medication (type or dose) in the last year
* Use of antibiotics in the last 3 months
* Change in natural health product use in the last 3 months
* More than 2 alcohol drinks par day
* Weight change of more than 5% in the last 3 months
* Surgery in the last 3 months or planed during the study
* Allergy or intolerance for products contained in soft drinks
B: * INCLUSION CRITERIA:

Patients participating will be selected from the American Association of Retired Persons age 50-69 living in one of the following state and metropolitan areas: California (minus Los Angeles county), Florida, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Louisiana, North Carolina, Detroit, and Atlanta.
C: A) Inclusion Criteria:

Eligible participants will be:

1. men, over 50
2. postmenopausal women, over 60 or
3. postmenopausal women under 60 with a family history of hypercholesterolemia and 1 CVD risk factor.

Participants will have the following characteristics:

* BMI 25-40 kg/m2 with body weight that has remained constant (within ±3%) over the last 3 months preceding the onset of the study
* Plus at least 1 of the following 3 criteria:

  1. have type 2 diabetes with one of the following:

     * raised LDL-C(in accordance with the 2012 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines)
     * raised BP (\> 130/80mmHg), or
     * active smoking;
  2. be non-diabetic subjects post MI or post percutaneous coronary intervention (angioplasty) on statin therapy; and
  3. have a modified Framingham risk score \>20% (CCS 2012) and are unable (intolerant) or unwilling to take statin drugs.

B) Exclusion Criteria:

Individuals with the following conditions will be excluded:

* cardiovascular disease that precludes exercise e.g.

  * recent stroke or
  * myocardial infarction, or
* cardiac condition that compromises normal function

  * mitral valve disease,
  * heart failure--grades 2-4 (New York Heart Association classification),
  * severe angina or
  * other conditions preventing exercise,
* secondary causes of hypercholesterolemia

  * hypothyroidism, (unless treated and on a stable dose of L-thyroxine)
  * renal or liver disease
* uncontrolled blood pressure
* major disability
* disorder requiring continuous medical attention and treatment:

  * chronic heart failure,
  * liver disease,
  * renal failure or
  * cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer--basal cell, squamous cell),
* chronic infections (bacterial or viral)
* chronic inflammatory diseases (e.g. lupus, ulcerative colitis)
* other autoimmune diseases
* major surgery \<6 months prior to randomization
* alcohol consumption \>2 drinks/d.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* BMI between 25 kg /m² to 36 kg / m², with low intensity physical activities and consumers of at least 3 portions of artificially sweetened beverages per week

Exclusion Criteria:

* students with hyper or hypothyroidism, pregnant women and those who perform high to moderate physical activities

Answer: D