Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: N/A
Brief Summary: The Objective of this study is to introduce a practically feasible multifaceted intervention in the preadmission clinic to help reduce smoking in preoperative surgical patients. The investigators aim to study the effectiveness of such a program in promoting positive change in smoking behavior among patients before surgery. The forced abstinence enforced on patients during hospital stay for their surgery can also be used to help smokers remain tobacco free long term. A significant percentage of surgical patients will be receptive to smoking cessation interventions in the preadmission clinic and will refrain from smoking at 24 and 52 weeks after starting the treatment.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Study I - First Phase - No Longer Recruiting

  * Greater than 1 year history of daily smoking
  * 1 month or more of e-cigarette use
  * Able to speak and read English
  * (1) current dual users (of tobacco cigarettes and e-cigarettes) without interest in quitting smoking; (2) current dual users who have attempted, but not quit smoking; (3) current e-cigarette users who have successfully quit smoking; and (4) former dual users who have quit both products.
* Study I - Second Phase - No Longer Recruiting

  * Current dual users (of tobacco cigarettes and e-cigarettes)
  * Smoking at least one cigarette per day over the past year
  * Using e-cigarettes at least once per week over the past month
  * Not currently enrolled in a face-to-face smoking cessation program
  * Able to speak and read English
* Study II - No Longer Recruiting

  * Current dual users (of tobacco cigarettes and e-cigarettes)
  * Smoking at least one cigarette per week over the past year
  * Using e-cigarettes at least once per week over the past month
  * Not currently enrolled in a face-to-face smoking cessation program
  * Able to speak and read English
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Residing in the newly merged Leeds South \& East, Leeds West or Leeds North CCG
* Registered as a current or ex-smoker in a General Practice participating in YLST
* Have attended for a 'Lung Health Check' and agreed to see the SCP as part of YLST
* Smoked within the last month or have exhaled CO reading of 6ppm or above.
* Have capacity to provide informed consent.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* The investigators will recruit patients who are assessed in preadmission clinic and scheduled for elective surgical procedures within the next 8 to 30 days.
* Patients should be 18 yrs of age, have smoked an average 10 cigarettes/day or more during the previous year and had no period of smoking abstinence longer than 3 months in the past year.

Exclusion Criteria:

* current pregnancy, breastfeeding;
* major depression, panic disorder, psychosis, or bipolar disorder within the prior year;
* use of nicotine replacement or bupropion within the previous 3 months;
* cardiovascular disease within the past 6 months;
* a serious or unstable disease within the past 6 months;
* drug or alcohol abuse or dependence within the past year;
* and use of tobacco products other than cigarettes or marijuana use within the previous month;
* participating in any other studies
* Patients who cannot understand English or have any form of cognitive impairment will be excluded.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Smoke and want to quit in the next three months
* Reside in New Zealand
* At least 18 years of age
* Able to provide verbal consent
* Have access to telephone (mobile and/or landline)
* Are prepared to use a nicotine patch or a nicotine patch and e-cigarette together.
* Only one person per household is eligible.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant women
* Women who are breastfeeding
* Current users of NRT products
* People currently enrolled in another smoking cessation programme or other cessation study
* People who have used an e-cigarette for more than one week in the last year for smoking cessation
* Current users of non-nicotine based cessation therapies (e.g. buproprion, clonidine, nortriptyline or varenicline).
* People who have had a heart attack, stroke or severe angina within the previous two weeks.
* People who self-report a history of severe allergies and/or poorly controlled asthma.

Answer: C