Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Transfusion Triggers in Cardiac Surgery
Brief Summary: A high proportion of patients having cardiac surgery receive red cell transfusions. Yet, the investigators do not know whether transfusions are beneficial and they may be associated with harm. It is thus important to determine when a transfusion is required. The investigators will conduct a small pilot study at St. Michael's Hospital to address this issue. Patients having cardiac surgery will be allocated to one of two transfusion strategies with endpoints being compliance with the transfusion strategy and clinical outcome. The results of this study will be used to design a large definitive multicentered trial of these two transfusion strategies.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Care Score of 3/4 or age \>/= 80
* Signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who refuse participation
* Unable to or refuse blood products
* Involved in an autologous pre-donation program
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult patients≥18 years old
* Preoperative core temperature between 36.0 and 37.5°C
* American Society of Anaesthesiologists（ASA） Physical Status Classification System I-III
* No transdermal meds on the target site
* Elective major surgeries included but not limited:

  * Hip replacement
  * Thoracic surgery (lobectomy and esophagectomy) or abdominal surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

* Less than 18 years old
* Uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (preoperative glucose \>250 mg/dL)
* A preoperative temperature above 37.5°C or less than 36°C
* Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism
* Raynaud disease
* History of infection and fever within 4 weeks before surgery
* Use of steroid or immunosuppressant within 4 weeks before surgery
* History of bleeding disorders
* Clinically significant laboratory abnormalities
* Hgb ≤ 10.0 g/L
* Platelets ≤ 100,000 / mL
* WBC（white blood cell ） \<3000/dL
* Fibrinogen\<200 mg/dL
* Thromboplastin time\>40s
* Prothrombin time
* international normalized ratio(INR）\<70%
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with cancer after major abdominal surgery requiring post-operative ICU admission
* Adults patients

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age less than 18 year
* Hematologic Malignances
* Intensive care unit permanence lower than 24 hours
* Renal Chronic Failure in Renal Replacement Therapy
* Karnofsky Status \< 50
* Previous anemia (hemoglobin lower than 9 g/dL)
* Previous thrombocytopenia (platelet number lower than 50.000/mm3)
* Previous known coagulopathy
* Anticoagulation therapy
* Those unable to receive blood transfusion
* Patients who refused participation in the study
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Has undergone surgical repair for a hip fracture
* Has a postoperative Hgb level below 10 g/dL within three days of surgery
* Diagnosis of cardiovascular disease (e.g., coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, stroke or transient ischemic attack, or peripheral vascular disease) or cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, tobacco use, or creatinine levels greater than 2.0 mg/dL)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unable to walk prior to hip fracture
* Declines blood transfusions
* Suffered multiple traumas
* Pathologic fracture of the hip due to malignancy
* Clinically recognized acute myocardial infarction within the 30 days prior to study entry
* Previously participated in the trial and fractured the other hip
* Symptoms associated with anemia (e.g., ischemic chest pain) or actively bleeding at the time of randomization

Answer: A