Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized Study Combining Etanercept and Short Courses of Narrow-Band UVB in Patients With Psoriasis Vulgaris
Brief Summary: This study will provide data on the addition of narrow band ultra violet B (nbUVB) phototherapy to participants who have not shown an excellent response to three months of etanercept.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18-80 years old and capable of giving informed consent.
* at least a 6-month history of chronic moderate to severe psoriasis and a candidate for systemic therapy.
* BSA covered with psoriasis of at least 5 % or more at Baseline.
* An history of coronary atherosclerosis or at least three risk factors among the following: hypertension, active smoking, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity, microalbuminuria, age above 55 years, and first degree relative with coronary atherosclerosis before 65 years.
* Patient must be on a stable dose for at least 8 weeks before baseline if taking medications used to control angina, hypertension, serum lipids and any medication that can have an effect on inflammation.
* Patient has a carotid or ascending aorta atherosclerotic plaque inflammation target-to background ratio of 1.6 or more as determined by 18-FDG uptake measured by PET scanning.
* Female patient is either not of childbearing potential, defined as postmenopausal for at least 1 year or surgically sterile, or is of childbearing potential and practicing one of the following methods of birth control throughout the study and for 150 days after study completion:

  * condoms, sponge, foams, jellies, diaphragm or IUD.
  * contraceptives for three months prior to study drug administration
  * a vasectomized partner.
* Female patient of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test at the Screening visit.
* Patient is judged to be in good general health as determined by the principal investigator.
* Patient will be evaluated for latent TB infection with a PPD or a Quantiferon Gold test and CXR. Patient who demonstrates evidence of latent TB infection will only be allowed to participate in the study if they are willing to use TB prophylaxis according to Canadian guidelines
* Patient must be able and willing to provide written informed consent and comply with the requirements of this study protocol.
* Patient must be able and willing to self-administer SC injections or have a qualified person available to administer SC injections.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patient has other active skin diseases or skin infections (that may interfere with evaluation of psoriasis or with patient's safety.
* Patient has a history of an allergic reaction or significant sensitivity to constituents of study drug, including latex.
* Patient used any non-biological systemic therapy for the treatment of psoriasis less than 30 days before Day 0. Investigational chemical agents must be discontinued at least 30 days or five half-lives prior to the Baseline visit (whichever is longer).
* Patient who has used any biological therapy for the treatment of psoriasis less than 3 months (90 days) before Day 0.
* Patient is taking or requires oral or injectable corticosteroids during the study. Inhaled corticosteroids for stable medical conditions are allowed.
* Patient has used any topical treatment for psoriasis or has used phototherapy within the last 2 weeks prior to baseline (at the exception of low strength (hydrocortisone and desonide) topical corticosteroid for the face, groin (including genitals) and inframammary areas).
* Patient has received Anakinra/Kineret within the last 2 weeks prior to the Baseline visit or is likely to receive Anakinra/Kineret during the course of the study.
* Patient has a poorly controlled medical condition, such as uncontrolled diabetes, documented history of recurrent infections, unstable ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure a left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 40%, recent stroke, chronic leg ulcer or any other condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, would put the patient at risk if participating in the study.
* Patient had a myocardial infarction or hospitalization for a cardiac condition within the past 12 weeks.
* Patient has a history of acute coronary syndrome, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass graft, or carotid revascularization within 12 weeks of baseline.
* Patient for whom a change in medical treatment for angina, serum lipids, hypertension or any other medication that can have a significant effect on inflammation is planned for the duration of the study.
* Patient has a history of neurologic symptoms suggestive of central nervous system demyelinating disease.
* Patient has history of cancer or lymphoproliferative disease other than a successfully treated non-metastatic cutaneous squamous cell or basal cell carcinoma and/or localized carcinoma in situ of the cervix.
* Patient has a history of listeriosis, treated or untreated TB, persistent chronic infections, or recent active infections requiring hospitalization or treatment with intravenous anti-infectives within 30 days or oral anti-infectives within 14 days prior to the Baseline visit.
* Patient has received any live attenuated vaccine 28 days or less before baseline.
* Patient with hepatitis B or hepatitis C viral infection.
* Patient with any of the following: hemoglobin = 10 g/L, white blood cell count = 3.0 X 109/L, platelet count =130 X 109/L, ALT = 2 times the upper limit of normal, AST = 2 times the upper normal limit, total bilirubin = 2 times the upper normal limit or creatinine = 150 umol/L.
* Patient is currently using or plans to use anti-retroviral therapy at any time during the study.
* Patient is known to have immune deficiency or is immunocompromised.
* Female patient who is pregnant or breast-feeding or considering becoming pregnant during the study or for 150 days after the last dose of study medication.
* Patient has a history of clinically significant drug or alcohol abuse in the last year.
* Patient is considered by the investigator, for any reason, to be an unsuitable candidate for the study.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

Subjects eligible for inclusion in this study must fulfill all of the following criteria:

1. Subjects must be able to understand and communicate with the investigator and comply with the requirements of the study and must give a written, signed and dated informed consent before any study related activity is performed. Where relevant, a legal representative will also sign the informed study consent according to local laws and regulations.
2. Men or women of at least 18 years of age at the time of Screening.
3. Chronic plaque-type psoriasis present for at least 6 months and diagnosed before Randomization.
4. Moderate to severe psoriasis as defined at Randomization by:

   * PASI score of 12 or greater, and
   * IGA mod 2011 score of 3 or greater (based on a scale of 0 - 4), and
   * Body Surface Area (BSA) affected by plaque-type psoriasis of 10% or greater.
5. Candidate for systemic therapy. This is defined as a subject having moderate to severe chronic plaque-type psoriasis that is inadequately controlled by

   * Topical treatment and/or
   * Phototherapy and/or
   * Previous systemic therapy

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Forms of psoriasis other than chronic plaque-type (e.g., pustular, erythrodermic and guttate psoriasis) at Screening or Randomization.
2. Ongoing use of prohibited treatments. Washout periods detailed in the protocol have to be adhered to. Subjects not willing to limit UV light exposure (e.g., sunbathing and/or the use of tanning devices) during the course of the study will be considered not eligible for this study since UV light exposure is prohibited.

   Note: administration of live vaccines 6 weeks prior to Randomization or during the study period is also prohibited.
3. Previous exposure to secukinumab (AIN457) or any other biologic drug directly targeting IL-17 or the IL-17 receptor.
4. Use of other investigational drugs at the time of enrollment, or within 5 half-lives of enrollment, or within 30 days until the expected pharmacodynamic effect has returned to baseline, whichever is longer; or longer if required by local regulations.
5. Pregnant or nursing (lactating) women, where pregnancy is defined as the state of a female after conception and until the termination of gestation, confirmed by a positive hCG laboratory test.
6. History of lymphoproliferative disease or any known malignancy or history of malignancy of any organ system treated or untreated within the past 5 years, regardless of whether there is evidence of local recurrence or metastases (except for Bowen's disease, or basal cell carcinoma or actinic keratoses that have been treated with no evidence of recurrence in the past 12 weeks; carcinoma in situ of the cervix or non-invasive malignant colon polyps that have been removed).
7. History of hypersensitivity to any of study drug constituent
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Men or women at least 18 years of age at time of consent
* Chronic plaque-type psoriasis diagnosed for at least 6 months at time of randomization
* At time of randomization, moderate to severe psoriasis as defined by:

  * PASI score of 12 or greater and
  * IGA score of 3 or greater and
  * Body Surface Area (BSA) affected by plaque-type psoriasis of 10 % or greater
* At screening and randomization, chronic plaque-type psoriasis considered inadequately controlled by:

  * topical treatment and/or
  * phototherapy and/or
  * previous systemic therapy

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients meeting any of the following criteria will be excluded from entry into the study:
* Forms of psoriasis other than chronic plaque-type (e.g., pustular, erythrodermic and guttate psoriasis) at screening or randomization
* Drug-induced psoriasis (i.e. new onset or current exacerbation from beta-blockers, calcium channel inhibitors or lithium) and randomization
* Ongoing use of prohibited psoriasis treatments (e.g., topical or systemic corticosteroids, UV therapy) at randomization. Washout periods detailed in the study protocol have to be adhered to
* Ongoing use of other prohibited treatments at randomization. Washout periods detailed in the study protocol have to be adhered to. All prior concomitant medications must be on a stable dose for at least four weeks before study drug administration
* Known immunosuppression (e.g., AIDS) at screening and / or randomization
* History or evidence of active tuberculosis at screening. All patients will be tested for tuberculosis status using a blood test (QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube). Patients with evidence of latent tuberculosis may enter the trial after sufficient treatment has been initiated according to local regulations.
* Active systemic infections (other than common cold) during the two weeks before randomization (e.g., hepatitis)
* At screening, history or symptoms of malignancy of any organ system (other than history of basal cell carcinoma and / or up to three squamous cell carcinomas of the skin, if successful treatment has been performed, with no signs of recurrence; actinic keratoses, if present at screening, should be treated according to standard therapy before randomization), treated or untreated, within the past 5 years, regardless of whether there is evidence of local recurrence or metastases
* History of congestive heart failure (NYHA functional classification ≥III) at screening and / or randomization
* History of severe hypersensitivity to any human or humanized biological agents (antibody or soluble receptor) at screening and / or randomization
* Any severe, progressive or uncontrolled medical condition at randomization that in the judgment of the investigator prevents the patient from participating in the study
* Pregnant or nursing (lactating) women
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18 or older;
* Patient with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis for whom a decision to use etanercept has been made;
* At the investigator discretion, patient who would benefit from systemic therapy;
* PASI (psoriasis area and severity index) ≥ 10 and BSA (body surface area affected by psoriasis) ≥ 10 at day 0;
* Unless surgically sterile (or at least 1 year post-menopausal for women), abstinent or homosexual, patient (men and women) willing to use adequate contraceptive method for at least 30 days before Day 0 and until one month after the last drug administration;
* Patient capable of giving informed consent;
* Patient with normal or non clinically significant chest X ray within six months of screening;
* Patient with negative purified protein derivative (PPD) within 3 months of Day 0;
* Negative urine pregnancy test for women of childbearing potential

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patient used topical steroid, topical tar preparations, or other anti-psoriatic preparations except tar or salicylic acid shampoo or hydrocortisone for the face, scalp, genital and inframammary areas within two weeks of Day 0;
* Patient with presence of erythrodermic, pustular or a predominantly guttate psoriasis;
* At the investigator's discretion, patient with any significant infection within 30 days of screening or a patient at risk of septicemia;
* Patient with evidence of any skin condition that would interfere with the evaluation of psoriasis;
* Patient used investigational drugs within 12 weeks or three half-life of Day 0 whichever is longer;
* Patient used systemic anti-psoriatic drugs such as steroids, retinoids, methotrexate, cyclosporine within four weeks of Day 0;
* Patient used any biologic such as alefacept, etanercept, efalizumab, infliximab and adalimumab within 12 weeks of Day 0;
* Patient used ultraviolet light therapy (UVB or nbUVB) within four weeks of Day 0 or PUVA (psoralen ultra violet A) within eight weeks of Day 0;
* Patient with prior or concurrent use of cyclophosphamide;
* Patient with concurrent sulfasalazine therapy or concurrent use of anakinra;
* Patient with an unstable or serious medical condition as defined by the investigator or presence of any significant medical condition that might cause this study to be detrimental to the patient.
* Uncontrolled or severe comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus requiring insulin; congestive heart failure (NYHA (New York Heart Association) class III or IV) or history of myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack within three months of screening visit; unstable angina pectoris; uncontrolled hypertension, oxygen-dependent severe pulmonary disease;
* Patient with a known sero-positivity for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) or history of any other immunosuppressing disease;
* Patient with active or chronic hepatitis B or C;
* Patient with any active or chronic infection within four weeks before screening or between the screening and baseline visits;
* Patient with any mycobacterial disease, patient with a positive PPD, a chest X-Ray suggestive of tuberculosis or patient taking anti-tuberculosis medication;
* Patient with a known hypersensitivity to etanercept or one of its components or known to have antibodies to etanercept;
* Patient who received a live attenuated vaccines within 12 weeks of Day 0 or plan to receive one during the study;
* Current pregnancy or lactation;
* At the investigator's discretion, patient with current or history of alcohol or drug abuse that would interfere with the ability of the patient to comply with the study protocol;
* Patient with systemic lupus erythematosus or demyelinating disorder (optic neuritis, multiple sclerosis or other);
* Patient with a history of cancer within five years of Day 0 or presence of cancer except for treated basal or squamous cell carcinoma and in situ cervix carcinoma;
* Patient who failed to respond to nbUVB in the past;
* Patient who have a contra-indication to nbUVB;
* Patient with latex sensitivity (applicable only if they are using prefilled syringe or prefilled SureClickTM autoinjector presentations);
* Patient with a history of non-compliance with other therapies.

Answer: D