Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Randomised Phase II Trial of Olaparib, Chemotherapy or Olaparib and Cediranib in Patients With Platinum-resistant Ovarian Cancer
Brief Summary: The trial will compare the drugs olaparib and cediranib with standard chemotherapy in platinum resistant ovarian cancer. Patients will be randomised to one of three treatment groups: olaparib only, olaparib and cediranib and the control group paclitaxel. The aim is to compare efficacy of the 3 treatments and also how well each treatment is tolerated including the participants quality of life.


Options:
A: In. Criteria -Subjects must have histologically or cytologically documented epithelial ovarian (FIGO Stage II-IV), fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer.

(Subjects with pseudomyxoma or mesothelioma are excluded)

* Radiographically documented progression per RECIST criteria with modifications or progression of CA-125 as defined by the Rustin during or subsequent to the last chemotherapy regimen.
* May include measurable or non-measurable disease
* All scans and x-rays used to document measurable or non-measurable disease must be done within 3 weeks (21 days) of enrollment.
* No more than 3 previous regimens of anti-cancer therapy. Subjects must have received at least one platinum containing regimen
* Female 18 years of age or older at the time the written informed consent is obtained
* Subjects of child-bearing potential who have not undergone a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and are sexually active must use an accepted and effective non-hormonal method of contraception (ie, double barrier method (eg, condom plus diaphragm)) from signing the informed consent through 6 months after last dose of study drug.

Laboratory

* Adequate organ and hematological function as evidenced by the following laboratory studies within 2 weeks (14 days) of randomization:
* Hematological function, as follows:

Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 x 109/L Platelet count ≥ 100 x 109/L and ≤ 850 x 109/L Hemoglobin ≥ 9 g/dL PTT or aPTT≤ 1.5 x ULN per institutional laboratory rand and INR ≤ 1.5 x 109/L per instiutiona laboratory range

Renal function, as follows:

Creatinine ≤ 2.0 mg/dL Calculated creatinine clearance \> 40 cc/min according to the Cockcroft-Gault formula

-Hepatic function, as follows: Total bilirubin ≤ 2.0 x ULN SGOT (AST) and SGPT (ALT) ≤ 2.5 x ULN (≤ 5 x ULN if liver metastases are present) Nutritional

* Albumin ≥ 2.8 mg/dL General
* GOG Performance Status of 0 or 1
* Subject plans to begin protocol directed therapy within 7 days of randomization Ex Criteria
* Subjects believed to be a higher than average risk for bowel perforation. This includes symptoms of partial or complete bowel obstruction, recent (within 6 months) history of fistula or bowel perforation, subjects requiring total parenteral nutrition and continuous hydration
* Known ongoing small bowel dysfunction (ie, persistent nausea, vomiting)
* Radiotherapy ≤ 14 days prior to randomization. Subjects must have recovered from all radiotherapy-related toxicities
* If all sites of disease have been irradiated, documented progression must have occurred in at least one site of disease subsequent to the radiation therapy.
* Previous abdominal radiotherapy
* Has not yet completed a 21 day washout period for any previous anti-cancer systemic therapies (60 days for bevacizumab or any molecule of long half-life).
* Enrolled in or has not yet completed at least 30 days since ending other investigational device or drug study(s), or is receiving other investigational agent(s)
* Current or prior history of central nervous system metastasis
* Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 3.0 peripheral neuropathy ≥grade 2
* History of arterial or venous thrombosis within 12 months prior to randomization
* Concurrent or prior (within 1 week before study day 1) anticoagulation therapy, excluding aspirin and anti platelet agents. The concurrent use of low molecular weight heparin or low dose warfarin (ie, ≤ 1 mg daily) for prophylaxis against thrombosis is acceptable while on study
* History of bleeding diathesis or clinically significant bleeding within 14 days of randomization
* Major surgical procedure within 4 weeks (28 days) prior to Study Day 1
* Minor surgical procedure, or placement of central venous access device, within 7 days of Study Day 1
* Paracentesis and/or thoracentesis are permitted prior to and while on study at the discretion of the investigator as clinically indicated. Investigators should document the frequency of paracenteses and/or thoracentesis that occurred prior to the enrollment of the subject in this study on the appropriate eCRFs. Investigators should also document each paracentesis and/or thoracentesis that occurs while a subject is on study on the appropriate eCRFs.
* Subjects with a history of prior malignancy, except:
* Malignancy treated with curative intent and with no known active disease present for ≥ 3 years before enrollment and felt to be at low risk for recurrence by treating physician
* Adequately treated non melanomatous skin cancer or lentigo maligna without evidence of disease
* Adequately treated cervical carcinoma in situ without evidence of disease
* Prior myeloablative high dose chemotherapy with allogeneic or autologous stem cell (or bone marrow) transplant
* Clinically significant cardiac disease within 12 months of study enrollment, including myocardial infarction, unstable angina, grade 2 or greater peripheral vascular disease, congestive heart failure, or arrhythmias not controlled by outpatient medication, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty/stent
* Non-healing wound, ulcer or fracture
* Ongoing or active infection
* Unacceptable hypersensitivity to paclitaxel or drugs containing cremophor
* Known positive test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C, or hepatitis B surface antigen
* Currently or previously treated with angiopoietin inhibitors, or inhibitors of TIE-1 or TIE-2 including, but not limited to, AMG 386, XL880, XL820
* Prior therapy against vascular endothelial growth factor or the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors including, but not limited to, bevacizumab, sunitinib, sorafenib, motesanib (AMG 706) or cediranib (AZD-2171), is permitted so long as the agent does not have any known activity against angiopoietin 1 or 2, or the receptors TIE-1 or TIE-2
* Current or within 30 days of randomization treatment with immune modulators such as cyclosporine and tacrolimus
B: Inclusion criteria:

* first diagnosis of histologically confirmed epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer
* International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Stages IIB - IV
* females, age 18 years or older
* life expectancy of at least 6 months
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1 or 2
* prior surgery, defined as either (a) debulking surgery with maximum surgical effort at cytoreduction with the goal of no residual disease or (b) biopsy or limited surgery in patients with stage IV disease for whom surgical debulking was not considered appropriate, if diagnosis is confirmed by histology and no surgery is planned prior to disease progression (including interval debulking surgery)
* patient has given written informed consent which must be consistent with the International Conference on Harmonization - Good Clinical Practice (ICH-GCP) and local legislation
* planned application of first dose of chemotherapy after wound healing, but no later than 10 weeks after surgery

Exclusion criteria:

* histologic diagnosis of a benign or borderline tumour or of a malignant tumour of non-epithelial origin of the ovary, the fallopian tube or the peritoneum
* planned surgery within 124 weeks after randomisation in this trial, including interval debulking surgery
* clinically relevant non-healing wound, ulcer or bone fracture
* clinical symptoms or signs of gastrointestinal obstruction that require parenteral nutrition or hydration
* brain metastases
* pre-existing sensory or motor neuropathy Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grade 2 or higher, except due to trauma
* history of major thromboembolic event
* known inherited or acquired bleeding disorder
* significant cardiovascular diseases
* clinically relevant pericardial effusion
* history of a cerebral vascular accident, transient ischemic attack or subarachnoid haemorrhage within the past 6 months
* inadequate safety laboratory values
* serious infections in particular if requiring systemic antibiotic (antimicrobial, antifungal) or antiviral therapy, including Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
* poorly controlled diabetes mellitus or other contraindication to high dose corticosteroid therapy
* gastrointestinal disorders or abnormalities that would interfere with absorption of the study drug
* other malignancy diagnosed within the past 5 years. In exception to this rule, the following malignancies may be included if adequately treated: non-melanomatous skin cancer, cervical carcinoma in situ, carcinoma in situ of the breast, low risk endometrial cancer
* prior systemic therapy for ovarian cancer (e.g. chemotherapy, monoclonal antibody therapy, oral targeted therapy, hormonal therapy)
* prior systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy
* prior treatment with BIBF 1120 or any other angiogenesis inhibitor
* prior radiotherapy
* serious illness or concomitant non-oncological disease such as neurologic, psychiatric or infectious disease or a laboratory abnormality that may increase the risk associated with study participation or study drug administration
* Women of childbearing potential who are sexually active and not using a highly effective method of birth control during the trial and for at least twelve months after the end of active therapy.
* pregnancy or breast feeding
* psychological, familial, sociological or geographical factors potentially hampering compliance with the study protocol and follow-up schedule
* active alcohol or drug abuse
* patients unable to comply with the protocol
* any contraindications for therapy with paclitaxel or carboplatin
* treatment with other investigational drugs or participation in another clinical trial testing a drug within the past four weeks before start of therapy or concomitantly with this trial
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* The subject has a cytologically or histologically and radiologically confirmed, advanced, recurrent, or metastatic solid tumor of the nine types listed below:

  * Pancreatic Cancer
  * Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC)
  * Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
  * Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer
  * Melanoma
  * Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)
  * Ovarian cancer, primary peritoneal or fallopian tube carcinoma
  * Breast cancer that is one of the following subtypes: estrogen receptor positive breast cancer, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor/HER2-negative (triple-negative), or inflammatory (regardless of receptor status) disease histology
  * Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
* Certain requirements for prior therapies may apply
* The subject has documented progressive disease at screening
* Subjects having any tumor type of other than CRPC must have at least one lesion that is not within a previously irradiated field and is measurable on CT or MRI scan
* The subject has recovered to baseline or CTCAE ≤ Grade 1 from toxicities related to prior treatment (some exceptions apply)
* The subject is ≥ 18 years old on the day of consent
* Tissue samples from archival or fresh tissue, or a tissue block of the subject's tumor
* The subject has an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1
* The subject has adequate organ function
* The subject is capable of understanding and complying with the protocol requirements and has signed the informed consent document
* Sexually active fertile subjects (male and female), and their partners, must agree to use medically accepted methods of contraception during the course of the study and for 3 months after the last dose of the study drug(s)
* Female subjects of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test at screening

Exclusion Criteria:

* The subject has experienced clinically-significant hematemesis or hemoptysis of \>0.5 teaspoon of red blood, or other signs indicative of pulmonary hemorrhage within 3 months before the first dose of study treatment
* The subject has a cavitating pulmonary lesion(s) or a pulmonary lesion abutting or encasing a major blood vessel
* Certain restrictions on prior treatments apply
* The subject has known symptomatic or uncontrolled brain metastases or epidural disease
* The subject has prothrombin time/International Normalized Ratio (PT/INR) or partial thromboplastin time (PTT) test results that are above (1.3x)the laboratory upper limit of normal
* The subject requires concomitant treatment, in therapeutic doses, with anticoagulants such as warfarin or Coumadin-related agents, heparin, thrombin or FXa inhibitors, and antiplatelet agents (low-dose aspirin (≤81 mg/day), low-dose warfarin (≤1mg/day, and prophylactic low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) are permitted)
* The subject has a corrected QT interval(QTcF)\>500 ms at screening
* The subject has uncontrolled, significant intercurrent illness
* The subject is unable to swallow capsules
* The subject is pregnant or breastfeeding
* The subject has a previously-identified allergy or hypersensitivity to components of the study treatment formulation
* The subject is unable or unwilling to abide by the study protocol or cooperate fully with the investigator or designee
* The subject has had another diagnosis of malignancy requiring systemic treatment within the last two years, unless non-melanoma skin cancer, in-situ carcinoma of the cervix, or superficial bladder cancer
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Female patients, age ≥ 16 years with relapsed epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal or fallopian tube cancer who have relapsed within 12 months of previous platinum-based therapy. Their most recent chemotherapy does not have to have been platinum-based.
2. Patients can have received prior PARP inhibitor, but there must be a \> 6 month interval since treatment.
3. Patients can have received prior antiangiogenic therapy, but there must be a \> 6 month interval since treatment; except for bevacizumab where a 6 week interval is required.
4. Measurable disease by RECIST Version 1.1 performed in past 4 weeks. At least one lesion, not previously irradiated, that can be accurately measured at baseline as ≥ 10 mm in the longest diameter (except lymph nodes which must have short axis ≥ 15 mm) with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and which is suitable for accurate repeated measurements.
5. Sufficient archival tissue confirming histological diagnosis available.
6. ECOG PS 0-2
7. Able to swallow and retain oral medications.
8. Life expectancy \> 12 weeks in terms of disease related mortality
9. Patient is willing and able to comply with the protocol for the duration of the study including undergoing treatment and scheduled visits and examinations including follow up.
10. Written (signed and dated) informed consent prior to any study specific procedures and be capable of co-operating with protocol.
11. Patients must have

    • Haemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL and no blood transfusions in the 28 days prior to randomisation
12. Patients must have normal organ and bone marrow function measured within 14 days prior to administration of study treatment as defined below:

    * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 x 109/L
    * Platelet count \> 100 x 109/L
    * Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
    * AST (SGOT)/ALT (SGPT) ≤ 2.5 x institutional upper limit of normal unless liver metastases are present in which case it must be ≤ 5x ULN
    * Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) or calculated creatinine clearance \>50 ml/min calculated using Cockroft-Gault, Jelliffe or Wright (see Appendix 4)
    * Urine dipstick for proteinuria \<2+. If urine dipstick is ≥ 2+ on two occasions more than one week apart then a 24-hour urine must demonstrate ≤ 1 g of protein in 24 hours or protein/creatinine ratio \< 1.5.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Received previous single agent weekly paclitaxel for relapsed disease.
2. Pregnant or breast-feeding women or women of childbearing potential unless effective methods of contraception are used during the trial and for 6 months after stopping treatment. Negative urine or serum pregnancy test within 28 days of study treatment, confirmed prior to treatment on day 1. Pregnancy test will be performed monthly in women of child bearing potential.

   Postmenopausal is defined as:
   * Amenorrheic for 1 year or more following cessation of exogenous hormonal treatments
   * LH and FSH levels in the post-menopausal range for women under 50,
   * radiation-induced oophorectomy with last menses \>1 year ago,
   * chemotherapy-induced menopause with \>1 year interval since last menses, or surgical sterilisation (bilateral oophorectomy or hysterectomy).
3. Treatment with any other investigational agent, systemic chemotherapy, or participation in another interventional clinical trial within 28 days prior to enrolment.
4. Radiotherapy within 2 weeks from the last dose prior to study treatment
5. Started a stable dose of bisphosphonates for bone metastases less than 4 weeks prior to treatment with study drug e.g. patient is eligible and can continue to take bisphosphonates if these were started at least 4 weeks prior to treatment with study drug.
6. Concomitant use of known CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir, indinavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, clarithromycin and nelfinavir.
7. Concomitant use of potent inducers of CYP3A4 such as rifampicin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin and St. John Wort.
8. Persistent toxicities (\>=CTCAE grade 2) caused by previous cancer therapy with the exception of alopecia.
9. Resting ECG with QTc \> 470msec on 2 or more time points within a 24 hour period or family history of long QT syndrome.
10. Blood transfusions within 1 month prior to study start
11. Patients with myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukaemia.
12. Patients with symptomatic, untreated, uncontrolled brain or meningeal metastases or tumour.

    a. A scan to confirm the absence of brain metastases is not required. b. Patients with radiological evidence of stable brain metastases are eligible, providing that they are asymptomatic and: i. Do not require corticosteroids, or ii. Have previously been treated with corticosteroids, with clinical and radiological evidence of stabilisation at least 10 days after discontinuation of steroids iii. The patient can receive a stable dose of corticosteroids before and during the study as long as these were started at least 28 days prior to treatment.
13. Major surgery within 14 days of starting study treatment
14. Patients who have not recovered from any effects of any major surgery.
15. Patients considered a poor medical risk due to a serious, uncontrolled medical disorder, non-malignant systemic disease or active, uncontrolled infection. Examples include, but are not limited to, uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmia, recent (within 3 months) myocardial infarction, unstable spinal cord compression (untreated and unstable for at least 28 days prior to study entry), superior vena cava syndrome, extensive bilateral lung disease on HRCT scan
16. Any psychiatric disorder that prohibits obtaining informed consent.
17. Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) \< institutional lower limit of normal, when:

    i. Prior treatment with anthracyclines (excluding liposomal doxorubicin) ii. Prior treatment with trastuzumab iii. A NYHA classification of II controlled with treatment (see Appendix 2) iv. Prior central thoracic RT, including RT to the heart v. History of myocardial infarction within the prior 12 months
18. Poorly controlled hypertension (persistently elevated \> 150/100mmHg, either systolic or diastolic or both, despite anti-hypertensive medication)
19. History of inflammatory bowel disease
20. History of cerebrovascular accident (including transient ischaemic attacks) within last 12 months.
21. Gastro intestinal impairment that could affect ability to take, or absorption of, oral medicines including sub- acute or complete bowel obstruction
22. Evidence of severe or uncontrolled cardiac disease
23. Evidence of active bleeding or bleeding diathesis. Defined as significant haemorrhage (\>30mL bleeding/episode in previous 3 months) or haemoptysis (\>5mL fresh blood in previous 4 weeks)
24. Known treatment-limiting hypersensitivity to cediranib, olaparib, paclitaxel or any of its excipients
25. Other psychological, social or medical condition, physical examination finding or a laboratory abnormality that the Investigator considers would make the patient a poor trial candidate or could interfere with protocol compliance or the interpretation of trial results.
26. Any other active malignancy, with the exception of adequately treated cone-biopsied in situ carcinoma of the cervix uteri and non-melanoma skin lesions, requiring treatment/or whose prognosis will prevent readout from trial endpoints.
27. Patients who are known to be serologically positive for Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C or HIV.

28 Immunocompromised patients e.g., patients who are taking immunosuppressive drugs.

Answer: D