Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Behavioral Counseling to Reduce Children's Secondhand Smoke Exposure: A Trial With Maternal Smokers
Brief Summary: The goal of this study is to reduce infant and toddlers' secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) in a high risk, medically underserved population of maternal smokers. The program is called "Philadelphia FRESH (Family Rules for Establishing Smokefree Homes)". Participants are recruited from low-income urban neighborhoods in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. After determining study eligibility via telephone screen, all participants complete an in-home pre-intervention interview that includes self-reported smoking history, current smoking and exposure patterns, and factors that relate to maternal smoking (such as depressive symptoms, weight concerns, nicotine dependence,) as well as collection of child urine cotinine (a biomarker used to detect SHSe).

Participants are randomized after baseline to receive either (a) a moderately intensive (up to 2 in-home sessions, 8 phone sessions) Behavioral Counseling intervention (BC) delivered over a 16-week period by counselors trained and supervised by investigators, or (b) an enhanced Self-Help Control (SHC) that uses brief advice and a detailed self-help manual for SHSe-reduction and smokingcessation. Post intervention assessments include self-reports of intervention process, factors associated with intervention effects, and intervention outcomes that include child urine cotinine (to measure level of SHSe) and participant saliva cotinine (to verify self-reported smoking quit status). Interviewers and data management staff remain blind to the treatment assignment. All procedures are implemented after signed informed consent and were approved by Temple University's Institutional Review Board.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Mothers who smoke at least 5 cigarettes per day
* have at least one child under 4 years of old (youngest child is target child for data collection (urine cotinine)
* report exposing youngest (target) child to at least 2 of her cigarettes/day (defined as child in the same room \[4-walls and a door that closes\] or car when someone is actively smoking a cigarette.

Exclusion Criteria:

* current diagnosis or treatment of a psychiatric disorder
* currently pregnant
* not proficient in English
B: Inclusion Criteria:

Pregnant women, age 16 or older, alcohol or illicit drug use in the past 30 days -

Exclusion Criteria:

Nonfluent in English or Spanish, pending incarceration, psychotic, cognitively unable to give informed consent, actively suicidal or homicidal, already engaged in addictions treatment, primarily addicted to nicotine or heroin.

-
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Smoking withdrawal for at least 1 week
* Age more than 18 years

Exclusion Criteria:

* Epilepsy
* Psychiatic desease
* Dementia
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 or older
* a current resident of the US
* someone who has smoked daily for at least the past 12 months
* someone who wants to quit smoking in the next 30 days
* willing and able to read in English
* able to connect to the Internet for at least one hour per week for three consecutive months
* able to use a website
* not participating in other smoking cessation interventions
* willing and able to complete a Baseline Survey
* willing to be randomized to either online program

Exclusion Criteria:

* inability to meet inclusion criteria

Answer: A