Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Peripheral Effects of Exercise on Cardiovascular Health (STRRIDE II)
Brief Summary: This study will investigate the separate and combined effects of aerobic and resistance training on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight men and women with mild to moderate dyslipidemia.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Sedentary (exercises fewer than two times per week)
* Overweight or mildly obese (body mass index \[BMI\] of 25 to 35 kg/m2) with mild to moderate lipid abnormalities (either LDL cholesterol 130 to 190 mg/dl or HDL cholesterol less than 40 mg/dl for men or 5 less than 45 mg/dl for women)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diabetes
* Hypertension
* Other metabolic or musculoskeletal diseases
* Current use of or intent to diet
* Use of confounding medication
* Overt presence of coronary heart disease
* Unwilling to be randomized to any group
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Must be at least 18 years of age at enrollment.
2. Body Surface Area (BSA) greater than or equal to 1.2 m2.
3. Patient is NYHA Class IV
4. Patient listed for cardiac transplantation
5. Patient meets United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) Status 1A or 1B listing criteria.
6. HeartWare® LVAD implant is planned as a bridge to transplant
7. The patient or legally authorized representative has signed the informed consent form

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Existence of any ongoing mechanical circulatory support (MCS) other than an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP)
2. Prior cardiac transplant.
3. History of confirmed, untreated abdominal or thoracic aortic aneurysm \> 5 cm.
4. Cardiothoracic surgery within 30 days of enrollment.
5. Acute myocardial infarction within 14 days of implant as diagnosed by ST or T wave changes on the ECG, diagnostic biomarkers, ongoing pain and hemodynamic abnormalities as described (Figure 2) in the guidelines published in ACC/AHA 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction; A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. JACC Vol. 50, No.7, 2007.
6. On ventilator support for \> 72 hours within the fours days immediately prior to enrollment.
7. Pulmonary embolus within three weeks of enrollment as documented by computed tomography (CT) scan or nuclear scan.
8. Symptomatic cerebrovascular disease or a \> 80% carotid stenosis.
9. Patients have moderate to severe aortic insufficiency without plans for correction during pump implantation surgery.
10. Patients with mechanical, animal or human tissue heart valves are excluded.
11. Severe right ventricular failure as defined by the anticipated need for right ventricular assist device (RVAD) support or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)at the time of HeartWare® LVAD screening/enrollment or right atrial pressure \> 20 mmHg on multiple inotropes, right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) \<15% or clinical signs including lower extremity edema, ascites or pleural effusions refractory to treatment with diuretics and two inotropic drugs.
12. Active, uncontrolled infection diagnosed by a combination of clinical symptoms and laboratory testing, including but not limited to, continued positive cultures, elevated temperature and white blood cell (WBC) count, hypotension, tachycardia, generalized malaise despite appropriate antibiotic, antiviral or antifungal treatment.
13. Uncorrected thrombocytopenia or generalized coagulopathy (e.g., platelet count \< 100,000, INR \> 1.6 or PTT \> 2.5 times control in the absence of anticoagulation therapy).
14. Intolerance to anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapies or any other peri- or postoperative therapy that the investigator may administer based upon the patient's health status.
15. Serum creatinine greater than 3.0 times the upper limit of normal within 48 hours of study enrollment or requiring dialysis (does not include use of ultra-filtration for fluid removal).
16. All three listed liver enzymes \[AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT), or LDH\] \> 3 times upper limit of normal or a total bilirubin \> 3 mg/dl within 24 hours of study enrollment, or biopsy proven liver cirrhosis or portal hypertension.
17. Pulmonary vascular resistance is unresponsive (fixed) to pharmacologic manipulation as demonstrated by a pulmonary artery systolic pressure exceeding 60mmHg in conjunction with any one of the three following variables:

    * Pulmonary vascular resistance is greater than 5 Woods Units or
    * Pulmonary vascular resistance index is greater than 6 Woods Units or
    * Transpulmonary gradient exceeds 16 to 20 mmHg
18. Patients requiring aortic, mitral, tricuspid or pulmonary valve replacements (including bioprosthetic valves) or left ventricular (LV) aneurysm resections.
19. Participation in any other study involving investigational drugs or devices.
20. Severe illness, other than heart disease, which would exclude cardiac transplantation.
21. Pregnancy.
22. Patient unwilling or unable to comply with study requirements.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

ages 40-65 years type 2 diabetes BP between SBP 120-159 or DBP 80-99 mm Hg sedentary

Exclusion Criteria:

cardiovascular disease abnormal exercise stress test smoking insulin use major illnesses that would preclude exercise training pregnancy in women engaged in regular exercise or weight loss diet program substance abuse morbid obesity BMI \> 42
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* All patients must satisfy current diagnostic criteria for pulmonary artery hypertension based on their historical right heart catheter data (within 4 years of study enrollment): Mean PAP \>25mmHg at rest or \>30mmHg with exercise, by a PCWP \<= 15mmHg and by PVR \>3 Wood Units.
* Willing and able to participate in 24 bi-weekly rehabilitation sessions, and medical follow-up.
* Stable dose of current PAH-specific medication for 3 months prior to enrollment.
* New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class II-III.
* Women of child-bearing age must demonstrate adequate contraception or undergo a pregnancy test.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Functional Class NYHA Class I or IV.
* PAH due to congenital heart disease, left heart disease, chronic lung diseases (VC or FEV1 \< 60% of predicted) or chronic hypoxia.
* Acute intercurrent illness requiring hospital admission in the month proceeding screening.
* Any non-PAH medical condition likely to interfere with participation in rehabilitation, e.g. musculoskeletal disorders.
* Any uncontrolled or terminal non-PAH medical condition likely to interfere with completion of the study, according to the judgment of the study physician.
* Participation in another rehabilitation scheme within 6 months of enrollment in the study.
* Current participation in another clinical trial.
* Pregnancy or planned pregnancy during the study period.

Answer: A