Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effectiveness of Mass Drug Administration (MDA) for Reducing Seasonal Malaria Transmission Towards Its Elimination in Hotspot Areas in Zanzibar - a Cluster-randomised Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: The overall aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of two rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHAp) + single low dose (SLD) primaquine for reducing seasonal malaria transmission in Shehias considered hotspots on Unguja Island, Zanzibar.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Individuals who consent to participate in the study
* Residents in the study area
* Older than 6 months of age (or weighing more than 5Kg)
* Women in the second or third trimester who are not on IPTp

Exclusion Criteria:

* Individuals who do not consent to participate in the study
* Younger than 6 months of age (or weighing more than 5Kg)
* Women in the first trimester of pregnancy
* Severely ill individuals
* Individuals on contra-indicated medication
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Permanent or temporary resident of study Shehias (i.e., persons who stayed in the selected household the night before the interview)
* Provision of informed consent (refusal must be recorded)
* Age \>6 months

Exclusion Criteria:

* Women pregnant in first trimester (assessed by a specific set of questions designed to exclude pregnancy)
* Severe disease that requires immediate referral to health facility or hospital
* Concurrent antimalarial treatment at time of MDA or during the last 14 days
* Inability to take oral medication

Additional exclusion criteria for treatment with SLD Primaquine:

* Pregnancy (all trimesters, assessed by a specific set of questions designed to exclude pregnancy)
* Women breast feeding infants aged \< 6months
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* permanent resident of the research area
* age \>1 years

Exclusion Criteria:

* severe anemia
* pregnancy
D: OxTREC reference: 1017-13

Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥6 months, male or female,
* Written informed consent (by parent/guardian in case of children)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant women will not receive primaquine (urine pregnancy tests will be performed on women of appropriate age groups before drug administration at each TCE round)
* History of allergy or known contraindication to artemisinins, piperaquine or PQ
* Those who are, in the opinion of the study clinician, ill at the time of drug administration

OxTREC reference: 1015-13

Inclusion Criteria

* Age ≥6 months, male or female,
* Written informed consent (by legally acceptable representative in case of children)
* Healthy at the time of the survey or drug administration
* Not pregnant

Exclusion Criteria

* Significant non-compliance with study requirements
* Loss to follow up
* Suspected severe adverse events
* Severe illness

OxTREC reference: 23-15

Part 1. qPCR survey for identification of potential TMT villages;

Inclusion criteria:

* Males and females 18 and above
* Written informed consent

Exclusion criteria:

* Pregnant women in their first trimester
* Presence of any acute severe illness at the time of survey

Part 2. TMT villages will be given directly observed therapy (DOT) with DP for 3 days and PQ (0.25 mg/kg) will be given on day 1

Inclusion criteria for TMT

* Age ≥one year, male and female,
* Willing to provide consent for those 18 years and above. For children 10-18 years old, parents/guardians must provide consent, and the children must provide assent. For children below 10 years old, the parents/guardians must provide consent.

Exclusion criteria for TMT

* History of allergy or known contraindication to artemisinins, piperaquine or PQ.
* Refusal of treatment.
* Pregnant women in their 1st trimester.

Answer: B