Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Engaging Working Memory and Distress Tolerance to Aid Smoking Cessation
Brief Summary: Specific Aims for this Project Are:

1. To evaluate the ability of two forms of mindfulness training, relative to a control intervention, to engage specific "triple-vulnerability" mechanistic targets that characterize low SES smokers.

   1. The investigators hypothesize that both versions of the mindfulness training will show greater target engagement than the control treatment for mechanistic targets assessed under standard smoking conditions.
   2. The investigators hypothesize that the enhanced mindfulness training, Mindfulness+IE, will show greater target engagement than the other two conditions for mechanistic targets assessed during the nicotine deprivation window.
2. To show that the hypothesized differential target engagement results in differential smoking self-control as evaluated by greater time to lapse, fewer cigarettes smoked, and different smoking topography in the McKee Lapse protocol.
3. To expand and refine the list of SOBC targets by showing the specific relationship between currently identified assays and empirically-validated alternative targets, with attention to showing which of the targeted mechanisms in which contexts are most linked to clinically-relevant outcomes assessed in the McKee protocol, and which offer redundant or non-significant prediction.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* age 18 or older
* smokes at least five cigarettes daily for at least past 12 months
* wants to quit cigarette smoking in the next 30 days
* if concurrently using any other nicotine or tobacco products, wants to quit using them within the next 30 days
* interested in learning skills to quit smoking
* willing to be randomly assigned to either condition
* resides in US
* has at least daily access to their own personal Apple iPhone, Android, or Windows Phone
* knows how to login and download a smartphone application
* willing and able to read in English
* not using other smoking cessation interventions (including apps or our other intervention studies).
* willing to complete all three follow-up surveys
* provide email, phone, and mailing address.

Exclusion Criteria:

* The exclusion criteria are opposite of the inclusion criteria listed above.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* be between 18 and 65 years of agehave reported household income of less than 1.5Xpoverty guidelines
* be a regular smoker for at least one year
* report daily smoking (minimum of 5 cigarettes per day and biochemically confirmed via Carbon Monoxide \[CO\] analysis; \> .10ppm CO)
* not be presently engaged in a quit attempt

Exclusion Criteria:

History of psychosis as determined by a brief psychotic screen, pregnancy, nursing mothers, medical conditions that would contraindicate smoking (e.g., current diagnoses of chronic medical diseases including heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or seizure disorders - assessed during telephone prescreen and initial assessment via medical checklist), nicotine use other than cigarette smoking, current use of any pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation, or insufficient command of the English language (i.e., cannot carry on a conversation with an interviewer in the English language or read associated text).
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with a diagnosis of nicotine dependence;
* Patients currently smoking at least 10 cigarettes a day;
* Do not have any current major psychological disorders;
* Patients undergoing treatment for the first time
* Be willing to attend treatment and follow-up sessions, complete surveys and expired CO tests;
* Do not exhibit dependence on other drugs.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Dependence on other substances;
* Psychiatric comorbidities;
* Pregnant women.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* age 18-65 years
* current smoker with history of \>5 cigarettes/day for past year (and expired carbon monoxide \>6 parts per million \[ppm\])
* motivated to quit within next 30 days
* valid home address in the greater Atlanta, Georgia area
* functioning telephone number
* own a mobile phone with text messaging capacity
* can speak, read, and write in English
* at least a sixth-grade level of health literacy

Exclusion Criteria:

* contraindication for nicotine patch
* active substance abuse/dependence
* regular use of tobacco products other than cigarettes
* current use of tobacco cessation medications
* pregnancy or lactation
* household member enrolled in the study
* current diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, or use of antipsychotic medications
* clinically significant depressive symptoms

Answer: B