Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Effect of Intraoperative Low Dose Adrenaline on Bleeding in Total Hip Arthroplasty - a Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of intraoperative administration of low-dose adrenaline on intraoperative blood loss in patients undergoing hip surgery.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥ 18 years,
* Osteoporotic Fractures of the upper end of the femur requiring surgical repair.
* Preoperative hemoglobin between 9.5 and 13 g/dl.
* Patient or relative signed informed consent or inclusion thanks to urgent inclusion procedure

Exclusion Criteria:

* Bone marrow disease or ongoing treatment (such as chemotherapy), which could interfere with bone marrow erythropoiesis,
* Known allergy or counter-indication to iron and/or to tranexamic acid,
* Uncontrolled arterial hypertension,
* Recent iron infusion (within one week),
* Blood transfusion within one week before inclusion or preoperative blood transfusion already scheduled,
* Any patient who cannot be transfused or has refused consent for a blood transfusion,
* Bedridden or very dependent patient (equivalent to GIR 1 or 2 class).
* Non-affiliation to French health care coverage,
* Adult patient protected under the law (guardianship),
* Pregnancy.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* All adults (patients over the age of eighteen years) who were scheduled for a primary unilateral total hip arthroplasty due to osteoarthritis at Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium are eligible for inclusion in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of coagulopathy
* Allergy to tranexamic acid
* preoperative anemia
* fibrinolytic disorders
* history of arterial or venous thromboembolic disease
* disturbances of color vision
* pregnancy
* breastfeeding
* major comorbidities
* participation in another clinical trial
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age \> 18 years.
* Scheduled for primary unilateral hip arthroplasty
* Able to give consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Allergy towards adrenaline
* Current treatment with: ADP receptor inhibitors or Vitamin K antagonists (within 5 days), Factor Xa inhibitors or Thrombin inhibitors (within 1 day), heparin (excluding low molecular weight heparin for perioperative thromboprophylaxis).
* Current treatment with tricyclic antidepressants
* Use of MAO inhibitors (within previous 14 days) or COMT inhibitors (within 2 days).
* Acute coronary syndrome / myocardial infarction within the previous 6 months.
* not willing to accept blood transfusion
* Participation in other clinical trial within previous 30 days
* Women of childbearing age (without menopause for at least 12 months)
* Glaucoma
* Pheochromocytoma
* Low serum K+ (\< 3.0 mmol/L)
* Thyrotoxicosis
* Digoxin intoxication
* Alcohol og drug abuse (investigators judgement)
D: Inclusion Criteria:

All trauma patients with ongoing significant haemorrhage (systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg and/or heart rate more than 110 beats per minute), or who are considered to be at risk of significant haemorrhage, and are within 8 hours of the injury, are eligible for trial entry if they appear to be at least 16 years old. Although entry is allowed up to 8 hours from injury, the earlier that patients can be treated the better.

Exclusion Criteria:

The fundamental eligibility criterion is the responsible doctor's 'uncertainty' as to whether or not to use an antifibrinolytic agent in a particular adult with traumatic haemorrhage. Patients for whom the responsible doctor considers there is a clear indication for antifibrinolytic therapy should not be randomised. Likewise, patients for whom there is considered to be a clear contraindication to antifibrinolytic therapy (such as, perhaps, those who have clinical evidence of a thrombotic disseminated intravascular coagulation) should not be randomised. Where the responsible doctor is substantially uncertain as to whether or not to use an antifibrinolytic, all these patients are eligible for randomisation and should be considered for the trial. There are no other pre-specified exclusion criteria

Answer: C