Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Randomized Controlled Trial of Community-based Nutritional, Physical and Cognitive Training Intervention Programmes for At Risk Frail Elderly
Brief Summary: The aims of this proposed community-based randomized controlled trial are to evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional, physical exercise and cognitive training interventions for at-risk and frail elderly, to elucidate the biological determinants and changes associated with frailty, and to develop, evaluate and demonstrate the feasibility of screening instruments for frailty.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 65 and over
* Referred to physical therapy for balance training

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age \< 65
* Unable to use treadmill
* Severe vertigo
* Not a candidate for gait/balance PT
* Not competent to consent to research
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age of 65 years or older
2. Living at home
3. Able to walk without personal assistance and no other physical limitations that can limit participation and adherence, particularly to exercise intervention programme
4. Meet criteria for frailty

Operational definition of frailty.

The participants are assessed and classified on the level of frailty by the following measures and criteria:

1. Weight loss
2. Slowness
3. Poor balance and weakness assessed by chair stand test
4. Muscle weakness assessed by hand grip and knee extension strength
5. Exhaustion, fatigue or low endurance
6. Low physical activity

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Member of household already enrolled
2. Dementia or cognitive impairment, major depression or other psychotic disorders
3. Severe audio-visual impairment
4. Progressive, degenerative neurologic disease like Parkinsonism, fits/ epilepsy, etc
5. Rapidly progressive or terminal illness under palliative care with life expectancy less than 12 months
6. History of alcohol abuse or any other substance abuse
7. Severely affect muscle/joint dysfunction resulting in disability
8. Hospital admission in the past 3 months
9. Regular physical training or physiotherapy or current participation in a vigorous exercise or weight-training program more than once per week
10. Undergoing therapeutic diet incompatible with nutritional supplementation
11. In the opinion of research clinician, the intervention is deemed to be potentially hazardous for the subject, such as serious cardiac and pulmonary disease.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Aged 65 years or older
* Living in the community
* Without previous Jaques-Dalcroze eurhythmics experience (except during childhood)
* Identified as being at high risk of fall (i.e., one or more self-reported falls after the age of 65 years or balance impairment as assessed by a simplified Tinetti test higher than 2 over 7 or the presence of one or two indicators of physical frailty based on Fried's criteria)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Neurological or orthopaedic disease (e.g., stroke with residual motor deficit, Parkinson's disease, osteoarthritis) with a significant impact on gait and balance performances
* Progressive or unstable medical conditions that could limit participation (e.g., terminal illness)
* Fully dependent on an assistive device such as canes and walkers
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Sedentary (less than twice weekly exercising) women aged 65-75 years old without conditions restricting them from exercising.

Answer: B