Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Efficacy of a Task-oriented Circuit Training Associated With Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) for Gait Improvement in Chronic Stroke Patients . A Randomized Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: Stroke is one of the major causes of disability in the Western world. Initially gait is the most affected function, 80% of patients lose this ability.

Rehabilitation in stroke patients improves walking abilities in terms of gait and related gait activities, though six months after stroke many patients are significantly disabled.

Recently, a prospective study of 205 stroke patients showed that approximately 21% of patients have a significant decrease of mobility between the first and the third year after stroke. The main finding showed that inactivity was the most important factor for the mobility decline.

Evidence about effects of direct current brain stimulation on motor recovery function of lower limb are still little, some show that quadriceps strength after stimulation of damaged M1 area increased. Another study where tDCS was associated with robotic gait training did not report any effect compared to treatment alone. It is necessary to define if a different dosage of stimulation or the association of tDCS with gait training can improve walking and if further studies are required to investigate their effectiveness.

The aim of this clinical trial is to test the possibility of gait improvement through the association of tDCS with a specific task-oriented circuit training for walking abilities, balance and mobility.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Right-handed
* All subjects must be between the ages of 18-80
* Patient with unilateral negligence consecutive to a right hemispheric stroke
* Hospitalized in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (day or week) or external monitoring
* Ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke with right hemispheric topography - evidenced by a radiological report
* Diagnosis of negligence evidenced by Behavioural Inattention Test (BIT) : score ≤ 129
* Stroke \>1 month prior to study enrollment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Degenerative neurological complaint
* Uncontrolled epilepsy
* Temporo-spatial disorientation
* Language disorders or psychiatric disorders preventing understanding instructions
* History of prior stroke, multiple stroke
* Medical condition not stabilized
* Pregnancy
* Implanted material (pacemaker, defibrillator, cochlear implant, surgical clips, metal object)
* Intra-cranial material
* Unweaned alcoholism
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* stroke onset \>3 months prior to study enrollment
* subject has at least 10 degrees mobility over wrist, thumb and fingers on the affected side
* subject can move, stand up and stand firmly with constrained healthy hand
* subject can perform training 6 hours daily in 2 weeks
* subject is able to understand instructions and be able to cooperate

Exclusion Criteria:

* pregnancy
* contraindications to MRI of brain
* epilepsy, major psychiatric disease
* excessive pain that prevents training
* history of other diseases resulting decreased mobility of affected upper limb
C: Inclusion criteria:

* Males and females subjects. Age \> 18 years, \<75 years.
* Diagnosis of first ischemic stroke \> 6 months.
* MMSE\>24;
* FAC higher or equal to 4

Exclusion Criteria:

* Contraindications to tDCS: intracranial metal implants that can be stimulated, incorrectly positioned or over-heated by the electric current, presence of a history of epilepsy, frequent headaches or neck pain, implantable devices (ventriculoperitoneal shunts, pacemakers, intrathecal pumps, intracranial metal implants).
* Neurological or psychiatric pathology.
* Severe cardio-pulmonary, renal, hepatic diseases.
* Pregnancy.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* ischemic stroke causing arm weakness within 5-15 days
* no other neurological or psychiatric disease, who are able to perform study tasks

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients younger than 18 or older than 80 years
* patients with more than one disabling stroke
* Patients with bilateral motor impairment
* Patients with poor motivational capacity, history of severe alcohol or drug abuse
* Patients with severe language disturbances, particularly of receptive nature
* Patients with serious cognitive deficits (defined as equivalent to a MMS score of 23 or less)
* Patients with severe uncontrolled medical problems (e.g., seizures, progressive stroke syndromes, severe rheumatoid arthritis, active joint deformity of arthritic origin, active cancer or renal disease, end-stage pulmonary or cardiovascular disease, or a deteriorated condition due to age or others),
* Patients with unstable thyroid disease
* Patients with increased intracranial pressure
* Patients with unstable cardiac arrhythmia
* Patients with contraindication to TMS or tDCS stimulation (pacemaker, an implanted medication pump, a metal plate in the skull, or metal objects inside the eye or skull, patients who had a craniotomy, skin lesions at the site of stimulation)
* Patients who are not available for follow-up at 3 and 12 months
* Pregnancy
* Patients with contraindication to MRI will not participate in MRI

Answer: C