Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effects of Rosiglitazone on Renal Hemodynamics and Proteinuria of Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Renal Insufficiency Due to Overt Diabetic Nephropathy
Brief Summary: Objective:

To evaluate how rosiglitazone does influence the renal plasma flow, the glomerular filtration rate and the degree of proteinuria in type 2 diabetic patients with renal insufficiency due to overt diabetic nephropathy.

Background:

Diabetic nephropathy is a world wide public health concern of increasing proportions. It has become the most common single cause of end-stage renal disease in the United States and in Europe. Previous studies have already found agents modifying the renin-angiotensin-system (ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blocker) to retard diabetic nephropathy. These agents are likely to exert multiple effects in the kidney. One of them appear to be their known ability to improve endothelial function and to change renal glomerular hemodynamics.

In a previous study we demonstrated an improvement of renal endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients without end organ damage after treatment with rosiglitazone. In that study, rosiglitazone significantly reduced glomerular hyperfiltration. This was associated with a reduction of urinary albumin excretion. The observed effects are potentially important in the context of renal protection, provided that a similar beneficial effect of rosiglitazone is demonstrable in overt diabetic nephropathy (renal insufficiency, hypertension, proteinuria).

Hypothesis Rosiglitazone decreases proteinuria and improves renal hemodynamic function in patients with chronic renal insufficiency due to overt diabetic nephropathy.


Options:
A: Arm Label: No treatment; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Arm Label: Glukose-infusion; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Glucose-infusion | Arm Label: Glucose-insulin infusion; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Glucose-insulin infusion | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Glucose-infusion; Assigned to Arm(s): Glukose-infusion | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Glucose-insulin infusion; Assigned to Arm(s): Glucose-insulin infusion
B: Arm Label: T2D, Dialysis, Liraglutide; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Liraglutide | Arm Label: T2D, Dialysis, Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Liraglutide | Arm Label: T2D, Normal kidney function, Liraglutide; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Liraglutide | Arm Label: T2D, Normal kidney function, Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Liraglutide | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Liraglutide; Assigned to Arm(s): T2D, Dialysis, Liraglutide, T2D, Dialysis, Placebo, T2D, Normal kidney function, Liraglutide, T2D, Normal kidney function, Placebo
C: N/A
D: Arm Label: Rosiglitazone; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Rosiglitazone | Arm Label: placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Rosiglitazone; Assigned to Arm(s): Rosiglitazone | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): placebo

Answer: D