Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effects of a Tailored Dose of Varenicline on Post-quitting Urges to Smoke
Brief Summary: Varenicline is a partial nicotinic agonist which acts on alpha4 beta2 nicotinic receptors. It is presumed to alleviate withdrawal discomfort, but also to diminish rewarding effects of cigarettes. The standard varenicline dosing has been formulated to avoid adverse reactions (primarily nausea) in sensitive clients. The downside of this cautious approach is that a substantial proportion of clients may be under-dosed. A blanket dose increase would inevitably increase the incidence of side effects, but it is likely that tailoring varenicline dosing to clients' needs would be safe and may further increase varenicline's efficacy.

This study will recruit 200 smokers who report little change to their enjoyment of cigarettes and no nausea, during the first week of varenicline use. These smokers will be randomised to receive the standard dose plus placebo or plus individualised varenicline dose up to 5mg, titrated over the next week prior to their target quit day. Urges to smoke, and other withdrawal symptoms, experienced during the study period will be compared between groups to see if the tailored therapy may be useful.


Options:
A: Rating of urges to smoke 1-week after the target quit (1 week)
B: Seven-day point prevalence and treatment or treatment strategy (At week 6); Main effects of varenicline and nicotine patch + lozenge on smokers who remain on these medications throughout the trial as documented in questionnaires (Up to 12 weeks); Probability of response at week 12 conditional on response at week 6 and continuation of treatment (At 12 weeks); Probability of response at week 12 conditional on non-response at week 6 and continuation of treatment (At 12 weeks); Probability of response at week 12 conditional on non-response at week 6 and augmentation of treatment (At 12 weeks); Probability of response at week 12 conditional on non-response at week 6 and treatment switching (At 12 weeks); Probability that treatment continuation, switching, or augmentation confers benefit conditional upon failing to quit after the initial treatment with nicotine patch + lozenge for six weeks (12 weeks); Probability that treatment continuation, switching, or augmentation confers benefit conditional upon failing to quit after initial treatment with varenicline for six weeks (12 weeks)
C: Number of Participants Completing Continuous Four-week Abstinence From Smoking Between the 8-week and 11-week Post Quit Day Visits (Period between 8-week and 11-week visits post target Quit Day)
D: Change in Weight (Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months and 1 year post program follow up); Change in the 6 minute walk test (Baseline, 3 months, 6 monhts, 9 months, 12 months, and 1 year post program completion follow up); Change in Days of Abstinence-Timeline follow back interview for tobacco smokers (Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, and 1 year post program completion follow up); Change in Carbon Monoxide Level (Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, and 1 year post program completion follow up)

Answer: A