Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Use of Random Telephone Calls to Measure Immunosuppressive Therapy Adherence in Patients With Renal Transplants
Brief Summary: Nonadherence to medication is a major obstacle to successful treatment of renal transplant patients. This study has two primary aims. The first is to test whether a culturally sensitive cognitive-behavioral adherence promotion program could significantly improve medication adherence to tacrolimus prescription. Participants will be randomly assigned to either group CBT or to standard care. The second aim is to pilot a novel strategy of adherence measurement - unannounced telephone pill counts, which has been shown to be a valid and reliable means to measure medication adherence in other patient populations. Participants will be recruited from waiting area of the kidney transplant clinic at SUNY Downstate Medical Center in Brooklyn, NY. Three unannounced telephone pill counts will be conducted prior to start of the intervention in order to establish baseline adherence and three pill counts will be conducted post-intervention. Tacrolimus trough concentration levels will also be collected as an additional biological measure of adherence.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Greater than or equal to 22 years of age
* Receive a liver transplant at Johns Hopkins Hospital

Exclusion Criteria:

* Non-English speaking liver transplant recipients
B: Inclusion Criteria:

- current prescription of tacrolimus less than 98% adherence to medication prescription as determined by three baseline pill counts

Exclusion Criteria:

- lack of telephone to complete pill counts lack of English proficiency to participate in adherence promotion sessions
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Men and women aged 19 and over
2. At least 1 month lapsing from kidney transplantation
3. Stable renal function maintained after kidney transplantation(eGFR ≥ 30 mL/min/1.73m2)
4. History of kidney transplantation only and no other organs
5. Use of tacrolimus, mycophenolic acid, and steroids for post-transplant immunosuppression
6. Patients, with capability and willingness to give consent to trial participation, who have signed the informed consent form in compliance with due process and are capable of making office visits and taking part in the trial as required by the protocol.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients' refusal of the ICT-based centralized home monitoring
2. History of treatment for acute rejection within the past 3 months
3. Active infectious disease
4. Uncorrected ischemic heart disease
5. Visual or auditory defects that could affect use of the smart pill box
6. Fingerprint authentication of personal identity deemed impossible (ex: adermatoglyphia)
7. Other reasons determined by investigators that make participation in the clinical trial inappropriate
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* The patient is ≥ 12 and \< 20 years of age at enrollment.
* ≥2.5 years after last liver transplantation.
* Guardian's consent, adolescent assent at enrollment.
* The patient is prescribed tacrolimus.
* The patient's MLVI (SD of tacrolimus) was \> 2 when calculated by the site for a period of 2 years prior to the review date

Exclusion Criteria:

* The patient has had transplant of an organ other than liver.
* The patient is currently listed for any organ transplantation.
* The patient is expected to transition to another service (e.g., adult clinic, another
* hospital) during the two years of the study.
* Pregnant patients.
* A temporary exclusion: the patient is not medically stable or was hospitalized for \>48 consecutive hours in the past three months.
* Site PI, study PI, or Medical Monitor determines that the patient should not be a candidate for the intervention due to factors that are not covered in the above criteria.

Answer: B