Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Impact of Probiotics BIFILACT® on Diarrhea in Patients Treated With Pelvic Radiation
Brief Summary: In this double-blinded randomized clinical trial study, investigators assessed probiotic used to prevent or delay radiation induced grade moderate to severe diarrhea with patient treated for pelvic cancer.


Options:
A: DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

* Histologically confirmed cancer in the pelvis
* Plan to receive continuous definitive or adjuvant external-beam radiotherapy to the pelvis or pelvis and para-aortic lymph nodes (total planned dose of 4,500-5,350 cGy)

  * Entire pelvis must be encompassed by planned radiotherapy field (superior border not inferior to the most inferior aspect of sacroiliac joints)
  * Portions of rectum may have special blocking depending on disease site
  * Planned treatment for once-daily radiotherapy 4-5 times a week (planned daily dose 170-210 cGy)
  * No planned split-course radiotherapy
  * No planned interstitial brachytherapy prior to completion of external-beam radiotherapy
  * Planned intracavitary radiotherapy allowed
  * No planned cytotoxic chemotherapy agents concurrently with radiotherapy except fluorouracil with or without leucovorin calcium or cisplatin
  * Entered on study before the third radiotherapy fraction
* No current or prior metastases beyond pelvic or para-aortic lymph nodes
* No grade 3 or greater diarrhea, rectal bleeding, or abdominal cramping prior to radiotherapy
* No incontinence of stool

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age:

* 18 and over

Performance status:

* ECOG 0-2

Renal:

* No chronic renal failure
* Creatinine less than 2 times upper limit of normal (for patients with history of renal disease)

Other:

* Not pregnant or nursing
* Negative pregnancy test
* Fertile patients must use effective contraception
* No known allergy to octreotide
* No history of inflammatory bowel disease
* No other concurrent medical condition that would preclude study participation
* No history of cholecystitis unless prior cholecystectomy

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Radiotherapy:

* See Disease Characteristics
* No prior radiotherapy to the pelvis

Surgery:

* See Disease Characteristics
* No prior abdominal-perineal resection, Hartmann procedure, or other surgical procedure resulting in non-functioning rectum
B: DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

* Histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate

  * Clinical stage T1b-T3c disease
  * No clinical or radiographic evidence of metastasis
* Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) less than 80 ng/mL
* Gleason score at least 5
* One of the following criteria must be met:

  * PSA greater than 10 ng/mL
  * Gleason score greater than 6
  * T2b or greater palpable disease
  * Three or more biopsy cores involved with a Gleason score of at least 5

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age

* Not specified

Performance status

* Zubrod 0-1

Life expectancy

* Not specified

Hematopoietic

* Not specified

Hepatic

* Not specified

Renal

* Not specified

Other

* No other medical condition that would preclude study participation
* No other active malignancy within the past 5 years except nonmetastatic skin cancer or early stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia (well-differentiated small cell lymphocytic leukemia)
* Fertile patients must use effective contraception

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Biologic therapy

* Not specified

Chemotherapy

* Not specified

Endocrine therapy

* No more than 4 months of prior androgen deprivation therapy
* Neoadjuvant and adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy is allowed for high-risk disease only

Radiotherapy

* No prior pelvic radiotherapy

Surgery

* No prior or planned radical prostate surgery
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* female gender, age ≥ 18 years, and a diagnosis of gynaecologic cancer requiring postoperative pelvic RT.

Exclusion Criteria:

* previous RT, previous or adjuvant chemotherapy, other types of pelvic tumours or other gynaecologic malignancies, antibiotic or immunosuppressive treatment one week before inclusion or during treatment, and the presence of acute or chronic gastrointestinal disease contraindicating ingestion of the fibre
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* They had a pelvic cancer: gynecologic, rectal, or prostatic,they were to receive radiotherapy treatments for a minimum of 40 Gy at the pelvic level , with or without chemotherapy and they had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1

Exclusion Criteria:

* they had previous radiotherapy treatments in the pelvic or abdominal region, medical history of gastro-intestinal inflammation, malabsorption syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease or coeliac disease, ileostomy, daily use of anti-diarrheal medication before radiotherapy, pregnancy or breastfeeding, neutropenia or probiotics intolerance

Answer: D