Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Efficacy of a Disease Management Program in Very Old Patients With Heart Failure and Significant Comorbidity: a Multicenter Randomized Trial
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of a disease management programme (DMP) for very old patients with HF and significant co-morbidity.

METHODS: A multicenter randomized trial will be conducted with 700 patients with heart failure, aged over 75 years, admitted to the acute-care units of the Geriatrics Departments in 8 hospitals. Patients will be randomly allocated to a DMP or to conventional usual-care. Randomization will be stratified by hospital and performed with concealment of the allocation list.

The DMP will be conducted by a case manager, and will include three main components:

1. patient education to improve disease' knowledge and self-care
2. monitoring of clinical status
3. therapeutic adherence. Main statistical analyses will be performed according to the intention-to-treat principle, and will use Cox regression models to examine the association of a DMP with hospital readmission, quality-of-life, and mortality over 12 months.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Lifestyle counselling; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Disease management program | Arm Label: Comparator; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Usual care | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Disease management program; Assigned to Arm(s): Lifestyle counselling | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Usual care; Assigned to Arm(s): Comparator
B: Arm Label: Telerehabilitation; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Exercise training at home, Behavioral: Telemonitoring and education/self-management | Arm Label: Unsupervised exercise training at home; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Exercise training at home | Arm Label: Usual care; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Exercise training at home; Assigned to Arm(s): Telerehabilitation, Unsupervised exercise training at home | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Telemonitoring and education/self-management; Assigned to Arm(s): Telerehabilitation
C: Arm Label: usual care; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: care at initiative of the patient (usual GP care) | Arm Label: monitoring controls; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: regular practice nurse review (monitoring controls) | Arm Label: self-management; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: an integrated self-management education program | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: an integrated self-management education program; Assigned to Arm(s): self-management | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: regular practice nurse review (monitoring controls); Assigned to Arm(s): monitoring controls | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: care at initiative of the patient (usual GP care); Assigned to Arm(s): usual care
D: Arm Label: Inhaler technique education; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Inhaler technique education | Arm Label: Usual Care; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Inhaler technique education; Assigned to Arm(s): Inhaler technique education

Answer: A