Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Comparison of Weight Loss Induced by Daily Time-Restricted Feeding Versus Daily Caloric Restriction in Women With Overweight and Obesity
Brief Summary: The aim of the study is to determine if time-restricted feeding (TRF) is an effective dietary strategy to weight loss after 8 weeks intervention. TRF will be compared with an intervention without restriction in time for feeding. Both strategies will be with caloric restriction.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Are male
* Overweight: Have a body mass index between 25 and 50 kg/m\^2 inclusive (a number calculated from height and weight)
* Are 35-70 years of age
* Have a hemoglobin A1C between 5.5 - 6.4% or prior medical indication of prediabetes
* Have a blood sugar level between 140 and 199 mg/dL two hours after drinking a sugary solution (OGTT)
* Have been eating dinner at least 8.5 hours after eating breakfast at least 90% of the time during the past year
* Have not fasted (go for a day without any food) more than 12 days total during the past year
* Be willing to eat most meals at Pennington Biomedical and/or under supervision
* Not eat any food other than that served by Pennington Biomedical
* Not drink any alcohol, juice, or other beverages that have calories other than what is served by Pennington Biomedical
* Keep water and no-calorie drinks like tea or diet soda the same during both of the timed eating periods
* Be willing to eat your meals according to the fixed schedules

Exclusion Criteria:

* Have diabetes or are on anti-diabetes medication
* Have evidence of cardiovascular disease
* Suffer from significant cardiovascular, renal (kidney), cardiac (heart), liver, lung or nervous system disease
* Evidence of significant gastrointestinal issues or surgery that impacts nutrient absorption
* Regularly use medications such as steroids, beta blockers, and adrenergic-stimulating agents
* Are on any regular medicine that has not had the same dose for 1 month or longer
* Have a clinically significant abnormality as measured by a blood test
* Regularly drink alcohol (more than 2 servings per day)
* Have to do any kind of heavy physical activity
* Currently perform overnight shift work more than one day a week
* Are not able to eat only the food served to you by Pennington Biomedical, while in the study
* Are not able to stop drinking alcohol or other drinks with calories (e.g., soda, juice) other than what is served to you by Pennington Biomedical, while in the study
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. - The participants in this study will be 50 men and women in the 30 to 65 year age range, who have a BMI in the high-normal to moderately overweight range (i.e. 22 to 28 kg/m2),
2. - Participants who are eating usual US diets and are sedentary to moderately active (i.e. not exercise trained).
3. - Participants have at least one of these metabolic abnormalities: pre-hypertension or hypertension (i.e. systolic blood pressure \> 120 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure \> 80 mmHg or specific treatment of previously diagnosed hypertension)10, sub-optimal lipid levels (i.e. LDL-cholesterol \> 100 mg/dl or HDL-cholesterol \< 59 mg/dl or specific treatment for this lipid abnormality)11, impaired fasting glucose or glucose intolerance (i.e. fasting glucose \> 100 mg/dl or 2 hr-glucose during OGTT with a glucose load of 75 g \> 140 mg/dl or specific treatment for previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes)12, or high-risk waist circumference (≥ 94 cm in men and ≥ 80 cm in women)13.

Exclusion Criteria:

- 1 - History of any chronic disease process that could interfere with interpretation of results 2 - Smoking, pregnancy, alcoholism, psychiatric problems, life situations that would interfere with study participation and compliance.

3 - Currently eating diet similar to Mediterranean diet based on dietary and food frequency questionnaires and 4-day food diary.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Females;
* Aged between 18 and 59 years old;
* Body mass index equal or greater 25 kg/m²;
* Agree to sign the informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Any chronic health conditions (e.g. chronic renal failure, autoimmune, heart, and liver disease);
* Thyroid diseases or medications for its treatment;
* Medications known to affect total energy expenditure;
* Use of steroids, immunosuppressants or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, weight-loss medications, oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin and any medications that influence metabolic and/or inflammatory parameters;
* Previous surgery for weight loss;
* Pregnancy or breast-feeding;
* Smoking;
* Alcohol use (\>2 doses/day).
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Competitive runners who have been actively training for 3 or more years
* Weigh a minimum of 110 lbs
* Training 4-6 times per week and run a minimum of 20 miles per week
* Competed in a race within past 12 months at a distance of 5 - 26.1 km
* Willing to repeat same monthly training protocol during two 4-week interventions
* VO2max range of 40-70 ml/kg/min

Exclusion Criteria:

* Smoker
* Take medications that have cardiovascular or metabolic effects
* Taking dietary supplements
* Following a restrictive diet including restricting calories or carbohydrates
* Evidence of an eating disorder
* Major injuries in past 3 months
* Chronic disease that affects bone health, metabolism or the cardiorespiratory system
* Present with any contra-indication to exercise testing (cardiovascular abnormalities) as evaluated by study physician

Answer: C