Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Randomized Phase III Trial to Compare Radiation Therapy Alone With Radiation Therapy and Concomitant Anti-EGFr Antibody (C225) for Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck
Brief Summary: RATIONALE: Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to damage tumor cells. Monoclonal antibodies such as cetuximab can locate tumor cells and either kill them or deliver tumor-killing substances to them without harming normal cells. It is not yet known if radiation therapy is more effective with or without cetuximab for cancer of the oropharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx.

PURPOSE: Randomized phase III trial to compare the effectiveness of radiation therapy with or without cetuximab in treating patients who have stage III or stage IV cancer of the oropharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx.


Options:
A: DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: Histologically or cytologically proven locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck Stage III or IV without distant metastases Unresectable Primary tumor sites: Oral cavity Oropharynx Hypopharynx Larynx Must have at least one measurable lesion

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS: Age: 18 to 70 Performance status: WHO 0-1 Life expectancy: Not specified Hematopoietic: Absolute neutrophil count at least 2,000/mm3 Platelet count at least 100,000/mm3 Hemoglobin at least 10 g/dL Hepatic: Bilirubin no greater than upper limit of normal (ULN) SGOT and SGPT no greater than 2.5 times ULN Alkaline phosphatase no greater than 5 times ULN No SGOT and SGPT greater than 1.5 times ULN AND alkaline phosphatase greater than 2.5 times ULN Renal: Creatinine no greater than 1.4 mg/dL OR Creatinine clearance at least 60 mL/min Cardiovascular: At least 6 months since prior myocardial infarction No unstable, treated cardiac disease Pulmonary: At least one year since prior hospitalization for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Neurologic: No neurologic or psychiatric disorders (e.g., dementia or seizures) No concurrent peripheral neuropathy greater than grade 1 Other: No active uncontrolled infection No active peptic ulcer No alteration in hearing At least 5 years since any other neoplastic disease except curatively treated basal or squamous cell skin cancer, carcinoma in situ of the cervix, or other cancer curatively treated by surgery Not pregnant or nursing Fertile patients must use effective contraception No other psychological, familial, sociological, or geographical condition that would prevent compliance

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY: Biologic therapy: No primary prophylactic colony stimulating factors during the first course of therapy Chemotherapy: No prior or concurrent chemotherapy Endocrine therapy: At least 3 weeks since prior corticosteroid No chronic corticosteroid therapy (greater than 3 months) Radiotherapy: No prior radiotherapy Surgery: No prior surgery for this cancer Other: At least 30 days since prior treatment in a clinical trial No concurrent use of drugs that interact with fluorouracil (e.g., cimetidine, allopurinol, folic acid or leucovorin calcium) No other concurrent investigational drugs or anticancer treatment
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. WHO II-III carcinoma of the nasopharynx, histologically proven by a nasal cavity biopsy, locally advanced T2b, T3, T4 and/or N1, N2 or N3 (UICC/AJCC2002).
2. Absence of distant metastases, confirmed by a chest CT scan, abdominal ultrasound (or CT scan) in case of abnormal hepatic function, and bone scintigraphy required.
3. Total absence of previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy, for whatever reason.
4. Total absence of surgical procedures for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
5. Total absence of concurrent cancer treatment.
6. Total absence of chronic treatment (\>= 3 months) with corticosteroids with a daily dosage \>= 20 mg/day of methylprednisolone or equivalent.
7. Age between 18 and 70 years.
8. Performance status 0 or 1 according to the WHO criteria.
9. Hematological function parameters performed within 10 days before inclusion:

   * Neutrophils \>= 1.5 \* 109/l
   * Platelets: \>= 100 \* 109/l
   * Hemoglobin: \>= 10 g/dl
10. Hepatic function parameters performed within 10 days before inclusion:

    * Total bilirubin is normal
    * AST (SGOT) and ALT (SGPT) \<= 2.5 \* upper limit of normal (ULN) of each center.
    * Alkaline phosphatase \<= 2.5 \* ULN.
11. Renal function parameters performed within 10 days before inclusion: Creatinine clearance must be \<= 55 ml/min.
12. Patient who has given his/her written consent before any specific procedure of the protocol.
13. Patient having a Social Security (social policy-holders)

Exclusion Criteria:

1. WHO I carcinoma of the nasopharynx, histologically proven by a nasal cavity biopsy.
2. Other previous or concomitant cancer, except for in situ cervical cancer and cutaneous basal cell carcinoma.
3. Histological diagnosis on a lymph node biopsy.
4. Pregnant or breast-feeding females, or females and males of childbearing potential not taking adequate contraceptive measures.
5. Symptomatic peripheral neuropathy with grade \>= 2 according to the NCI-CTC criteria.
6. Other serious concurrent medical disease (non-exhaustive list):

   * Unstable heart disease despite treatment.
   * Myocardial infarction within 6 months before inclusion in the trial.
   * A history of neurological or psychiatric events such as dementia, convulsions.
   * Severe uncontrolled infection.
   * Active gastroduodenal ulcer.
   * Obstructive Pulmonary Disease requiring hospitalization within the year prior to inclusion.
7. Clinical impairment of auditory function.
8. The presence, at time of screening, of psychological, familial, social or geographical factors that may have an effect on the compliance of the patient with the study protocol and monitoring comprises an exclusion criterion. These factors must be discussed with the patient before his or her inclusion in the trial.
9. Hypersensitivity to the excipients.
10. A patient already enrolled in another therapeutic trial on an investigational compound.
11. A person deprived of liberty or in the care of a guardian.

    -
C: DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

* Histologically proven advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx

  * Stage III OR
  * Stage IV without distant metastases
* Measurable disease
* Tumor tissue available for immunohistochemical assay of epidermal growth factor receptor expression

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age:

* 18 and over

Performance status:

* Karnofsky 60-100%

Life expectancy:

* At least 1 year

Hematopoietic:

* Absolute neutrophil count at least 1,500/mm\^3
* Platelet count at least 100,000/mm\^3

Hepatic:

* Bilirubin no greater than 1.5 mg/dL
* SGOT and SGPT no greater than 2 times upper limit of normal

Renal:

* Creatinine no greater than 1.5 mg/dL OR
* Creatinine clearance at least 50 mL/min
* Calcium normal

Other:

* Not pregnant or nursing
* Negative pregnancy test
* Fertile patients must use effective contraception
* Medically able to withstand a course of definitive radiotherapy
* No medical or psychologic condition that would preclude informed consent or compliance
* No other malignancy within the past 3 years except basal cell skin cancer or preinvasive carcinoma of the cervix

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Biologic therapy:

* No prior cetuximab or other murine monoclonal antibody

Chemotherapy:

* At least 3 years since prior systemic chemotherapy
* No concurrent chemotherapy

Endocrine therapy:

* Not specified

Radiotherapy:

* No prior radiotherapy to head and neck
* No other concurrent radiotherapy

Surgery:

* No prior surgery for indicator lesion except biopsy
* Study radiotherapy must not be a part of a postoperative regimen after primary surgical resection
D: For more information regarding BMS clinical trial participation, please visit www.BMSStudyConnect.com

Inclusion Criteria:

* Men and women ≥ 18 years of age with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 1
* Histologically confirmed recurrent or metastatic SCCHN (oral cavity, pharynx, larynx), stage III/IV and not amenable to local therapy with curative intent (surgery or radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy)
* Tumor progression or recurrence within 6 months of last dose of platinum therapy in the adjuvant (ie with radiation after surgery), primary (ie, with radiation), recurrent, or metastatic setting
* Measurable disease by Computed tomography (CT) or Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1) criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

* Active brain metastases or leptomeningeal metastases are not allowed
* Histologically confirmed recurrent or metastatic carcinoma of the nasopharynx, squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary, and salivary gland or non-squamous histologies (eg: mucosal melanoma) are not allowed
* Subjects with active, known or suspected autoimmune disease

Answer: C