Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Comparing With Traditional Nitrogen Calorie Parenteral Nutrition Support, the Impact of Low Calorie and Low Nitrogen Intake on the Clinical Outcome of Gastrointestinal Postoperative Patients, Multicentre Post-Marketing Clinical Study
Brief Summary: The study is designed to investigate the influence of parenteral nutrition (PN) with low nitrogen and calorie supply on the clinical outcome of patients after an operation compared to that of traditional PNs.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* All patients requiring artificial nutritional support in the hospital

Exclusion Criteria:

* Failure to obtain informed consent / assent from next of kin.
* Patients at risk of refeeding syndrome.
* If patients require concomitant enteral and parenteral nutrition.
* Pregnant women and children under the age of 18 years.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients undergone resection of stomach, intestine, or rectum, having the indication of nutrition
* Nutrition risk screening scores around 3
* The age of the patients must be between 18 to 80
* The patients sign the confirmed consent letter
* Weight falls in the range of either 45-56 kg or 60-75 kg

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant or breast feeding
* Contraindication of fluid infusion, acute pulmonary edema, brain edema and functional insufficiency of the heart
* Hypersensitive to the ingredient of the trial product nutrient
* Chemotherapy within 7 days before the beginning of this trial
* Unstable angina pectoris
* Diabetes mellitus
* Disorder of lipid metabolism: triglycerides, cholesterol increased by 1.5 times above the reference value
* Abnormal renal function: serum creatinine or BUN 1.5 times above normal reference value
* Abnormal liver function: ALT or serum total bilirubin 1.5 times above normal reference value
* Having severe drug allergy history and/or asthma
* On operation day, blood loss above 800 ml
* Contraindication to parenteral nutrition
* Receiving regular parenteral nutrition within 7 days before the trial
C: Inclusion Criteria: Patients will be eligible for inclusion in the study if they meet the following criteria:

* Mechanical ventilation expected to last at least 72 hours.
* Presence of, or primary physician's intent to place, an enteral feeding tube and begin enteral feeds.

Exclusion Criteria:

* More than 48 hours elapsed since both inclusion criteria met.
* Patient, legal representative, or physician refuses consent or is unavailable to provide consent.
* Patient, legal representative, or physician not committed to full support (Exception: A patient will not be excluded if he/she would receive all supportive care except for attempts at resuscitation from cardiac arrest).
* Presence of malignant or irreversible condition and estimated 28 day mortality greater than 50%.
* Severe or refractory shock.
* Moribund patients not expected to survive 24 hours from start of enteral feeding (as determined by primary medical team).
* Child-Pugh score greater than 10.
* Presence of partial or complete mechanical bowel obstruction, or ischemia, or infarction.
* Current TPN use or intent to use TPN within 7 days.
* Severe malnutrition with BMI less than 18.5 and/or loss of more than 30% total body weight in the previous 6 months.
* Neuromuscular disease impairing the ability to ventilate spontaneously.
* Laparotomy expected within 7 days.
* Unable to raise head of bed 45°.
* greater than 30% total body surface area burns.
* Absence of GI tract/short bowel syndrome - defined as entire length of small bowel totaling 4 feet or less.
* Presence of high-output (\> 500 cc/day) enterocutaneous fistula.
* Age less than 13 years
* Allergy to enteral formula
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Expected ICU stay \> 5 days
* Expected survival \> 7 days
* No contraindication to EN
* Obtained informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Refusal of consent
* Age \< 18 years
* Short bowel syndrome
* Significant persistent gastrointestinal dysfunction with ileus
* High output proximal fistula (\> 1.5 liter/d)
* Patients receiving PN

Answer: B