TrialPanorama/Dataset huggingface dataset:
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multiple-dose Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of AMG 827 in Subjects With Psoriasis
Brief Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy of AMG 827 compared with placebo as measured by the percent of improvement in PASI score at week 12.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Placebo Comparator: 1; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Arm Label: Voclosporin 0.2 mg/kg po BID; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: voclosporin | Arm Label: Voclosporin 0.3 mg/kg po BID; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: voclosporin | Arm Label: Voclosporin 0.4 mg/kg po BID; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: voclosporin | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: voclosporin; Assigned to Arm(s): Voclosporin 0.2 mg/kg po BID, Voclosporin 0.3 mg/kg po BID, Voclosporin 0.4 mg/kg po BID | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo Comparator: 1
B: Arm Label: 140 mg SC; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 140 mg SC | Arm Label: 70 mg SC; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 70 mg SC | Arm Label: 280 mg SC; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 280 mg SC | Arm Label: 210 mg SC; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: 210 mg SC | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 70 mg SC; Assigned to Arm(s): 70 mg SC | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 210 mg SC; Assigned to Arm(s): 210 mg SC | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 140 mg SC; Assigned to Arm(s): 140 mg SC | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 280 mg SC; Assigned to Arm(s): 280 mg SC | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo
C: Arm Label: 210 mg brodalumab; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 210 mg brodalumab | Arm Label: 140 mg brodalumab; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 140 mg brodalumab | Arm Label: ustekinumab; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: ustekinumab | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: 210 mg brodalumab, Drug: placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 210 mg brodalumab; Assigned to Arm(s): 210 mg brodalumab, Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 140 mg brodalumab; Assigned to Arm(s): 140 mg brodalumab | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: ustekinumab; Assigned to Arm(s): ustekinumab | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo
D: Arm Label: ABP 501; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: ABP 501 | Arm Label: Adalimumab; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Biological: Adalimumab | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Adalimumab; Assigned to Arm(s): Adalimumab | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: ABP 501; Assigned to Arm(s): ABP 501

Answer: B
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multiple-dose Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of AMG 827 in Subjects With Psoriasis
Brief Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy of AMG 827 compared with placebo as measured by the percent of improvement in PASI score at week 12.


Options:
A: Arm Label: 210 mg brodalumab; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 210 mg brodalumab | Arm Label: 140 mg brodalumab; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 140 mg brodalumab | Arm Label: ustekinumab; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: ustekinumab | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: 210 mg brodalumab, Drug: placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 210 mg brodalumab; Assigned to Arm(s): 210 mg brodalumab, Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 140 mg brodalumab; Assigned to Arm(s): 140 mg brodalumab | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: ustekinumab; Assigned to Arm(s): ustekinumab | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo
B: Arm Label: Placebo BID; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: placebo | Arm Label: 5mg BID CP-690,550; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: CP-690,550 | Arm Label: 10mg BID CP-690,550; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: CP-690,550 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo BID | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: CP-690,550; Assigned to Arm(s): 5mg BID CP-690,550 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: CP-690,550; Assigned to Arm(s): 10mg BID CP-690,550
C: Arm Label: Group I (Placebo); Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Arm Label: Group II (Ustekinumab 45 mg); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Ustekinumab, Drug: Placebo | Arm Label: Group III (Ustekinumab 90 mg); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Ustekinumab, Drug: Placebo | Arm Label: Group IV; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Ustekinumab | Arm Label: Group V; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Ustekinumab | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Ustekinumab; Assigned to Arm(s): Group II (Ustekinumab 45 mg), Group III (Ustekinumab 90 mg), Group IV, Group V | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Group I (Placebo), Group II (Ustekinumab 45 mg), Group III (Ustekinumab 90 mg)
D: Arm Label: 140 mg SC; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 140 mg SC | Arm Label: 70 mg SC; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 70 mg SC | Arm Label: 280 mg SC; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 280 mg SC | Arm Label: 210 mg SC; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: 210 mg SC | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 70 mg SC; Assigned to Arm(s): 70 mg SC | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 210 mg SC; Assigned to Arm(s): 210 mg SC | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 140 mg SC; Assigned to Arm(s): 140 mg SC | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 280 mg SC; Assigned to Arm(s): 280 mg SC | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo

Answer: D
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multiple-dose Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of AMG 827 in Subjects With Psoriasis
Brief Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy of AMG 827 compared with placebo as measured by the percent of improvement in PASI score at week 12.


Options:
A: Arm Label: 140 mg SC; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 140 mg SC | Arm Label: 70 mg SC; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 70 mg SC | Arm Label: 280 mg SC; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: 280 mg SC | Arm Label: 210 mg SC; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: 210 mg SC | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 70 mg SC; Assigned to Arm(s): 70 mg SC | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 210 mg SC; Assigned to Arm(s): 210 mg SC | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 140 mg SC; Assigned to Arm(s): 140 mg SC | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: 280 mg SC; Assigned to Arm(s): 280 mg SC | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo
B: Arm Label: 10 mg Ixekizumab; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: Ixekizumab | Arm Label: 25 mg Ixekizumab; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: Ixekizumab | Arm Label: 75 mg Ixekizumab; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: Ixekizumab | Arm Label: 150 mg Ixekizumab; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: Ixekizumab | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Biological: Ixekizumab, Drug: Placebo | Arm Label: 120 mg Ixekizumab; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: Ixekizumab | Arm Label: 80 mg Ixekizumab; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Biological: Ixekizumab | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: Ixekizumab; Assigned to Arm(s): 10 mg Ixekizumab, 120 mg Ixekizumab, 150 mg Ixekizumab, 25 mg Ixekizumab, 75 mg Ixekizumab, 80 mg Ixekizumab, Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo
C: Arm Label: Investigational drug - Dose 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: ACT-128800 | Arm Label: Investigational drug - Dose 2; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: ACT-128800 | Arm Label: Matching placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: ACT-128800; Assigned to Arm(s): Investigational drug - Dose 1, Investigational drug - Dose 2 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Matching placebo
D: Arm Label: Abatacept (30/10); Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Abatacept | Arm Label: Abatacept (10/10); Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Abatacept | Arm Label: Abatacept (3/3); Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Abatacept | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Abatacept; Assigned to Arm(s): Abatacept (10/10), Abatacept (3/3), Abatacept (30/10) | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo

Answer: A
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Pneumonia in Nursing Home Residents
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of an enhanced oral hygiene protocol in preventing pneumonia among nursing home residents.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Intervention group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Oral screen | Arm Label: Control group; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Oral screen; Assigned to Arm(s): Intervention group
B: Arm Label: OHI; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Oral hygiene intervention | Arm Label: OHI + CHX mouthrinse; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Oral hygiene intervention | Arm Label: OHI + CHX mouthrinse + assisted brushing; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Oral hygiene intervention | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Oral hygiene intervention; Assigned to Arm(s): OHI, OHI + CHX mouthrinse, OHI + CHX mouthrinse + assisted brushing
C: Arm Label: enhanced oral care; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Enhanced Oral Care | Arm Label: Usual care; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Usual oral care | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Enhanced Oral Care; Assigned to Arm(s): enhanced oral care | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Usual oral care; Assigned to Arm(s): Usual care
D: Arm Label: povidone iodine; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: povidone iodine | Arm Label: placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: povidone iodine; Assigned to Arm(s): povidone iodine | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): placebo

Answer: C
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Multi-centre, Randomised Controlled Trial of Early Goal-directed Therapy in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With Severe Sepsis in Australasia
Brief Summary: The ARISE RCT is a multi-centre, randomised, controlled trial of EGDT compared to standard care in patients with severe sepsis presenting to the ED. The study will be conducted in multiple sites with 1600 patients enrolled into the study.

Hypothesis to be tested: EGDT, compared to standard Australasian resuscitation practice, reduces 90-day all-cause mortality in patients presenting to the ED with severe sepsis.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Angiotensin; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Angiotensin II | Arm Label: Control; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Angiotensin II | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Angiotensin II; Assigned to Arm(s): Angiotensin, Control
B: Arm Label: Standard Care; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Arm Label: Early Goal Directed Therapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Early Goal Directed Therapy (EGDT) | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Early Goal Directed Therapy (EGDT); Assigned to Arm(s): Early Goal Directed Therapy
C: Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: dopamine versus norepinephrine; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
D: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Phenylephrine | Arm Label: 2; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Norepinephrine | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Phenylephrine; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Norepinephrine; Assigned to Arm(s): 2

Answer: B
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: New Acute Treatment for Stroke - The Effect of Remote PERconditioning
Brief Summary: This study is a blinded randomized study. Randomization for treatment/not treatment with remote perconditioning takes place during transportation to the hospital. This is because the investigators' hypothesis states that remote perconditioning is neuro-protective and the effect is proportionally larger with early treatment. As the size of the effect is unknown, the investigators will use multiple magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to determine the size of a potential neuro-protective effect.

The aims of this study are:

1. To describe method of remote perconditioning in clinical practice regarding feasibility. Pros and cons and potential limitations.
2. To estimate the size of the effect of remote perconditioning in combination with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPa) treatment within four and a half hours of onset of symptoms.


Options:
A: Arm Label: RIPC group; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Remote ischemic preconditioning, Procedure: Carotid Artery Stenting | Arm Label: Control group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Carotid Artery Stenting | Arm Label: Sham RIPC group; Type: SHAM_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Sham remote ischemic preconditioning, Procedure: Carotid Artery Stenting | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Remote ischemic preconditioning; Assigned to Arm(s): RIPC group | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Sham remote ischemic preconditioning; Assigned to Arm(s): Sham RIPC group | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Carotid Artery Stenting; Assigned to Arm(s): Control group, RIPC group, Sham RIPC group
B: Arm Label: Thrombolysis + Remote perconditioning; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Thrombolysis + remote perconditioning | Arm Label: Thrombolysis; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Actilyse | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Actilyse; Assigned to Arm(s): Thrombolysis | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Thrombolysis + remote perconditioning; Assigned to Arm(s): Thrombolysis + Remote perconditioning
C: Arm Label: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC); Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) | Arm Label: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Placebo | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC); Assigned to Arm(s): Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo
D: Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: remote ischemic preconditioning; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A

Answer: B
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: New Acute Treatment for Stroke - The Effect of Remote PERconditioning
Brief Summary: This study is a blinded randomized study. Randomization for treatment/not treatment with remote perconditioning takes place during transportation to the hospital. This is because the investigators' hypothesis states that remote perconditioning is neuro-protective and the effect is proportionally larger with early treatment. As the size of the effect is unknown, the investigators will use multiple magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to determine the size of a potential neuro-protective effect.

The aims of this study are:

1. To describe method of remote perconditioning in clinical practice regarding feasibility. Pros and cons and potential limitations.
2. To estimate the size of the effect of remote perconditioning in combination with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPa) treatment within four and a half hours of onset of symptoms.


Options:
A: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) | Arm Label: 2; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: SHAM | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC); Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: SHAM; Assigned to Arm(s): 2
B: Arm Label: control; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Arm Label: donor; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: remote ischaemic preconditioning | Arm Label: recipient; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Device: remote ischaemic preconditioning | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: remote ischaemic preconditioning; Assigned to Arm(s): donor, recipient
C: Arm Label: Thrombolysis + Remote perconditioning; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Thrombolysis + remote perconditioning | Arm Label: Thrombolysis; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Actilyse | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Actilyse; Assigned to Arm(s): Thrombolysis | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Thrombolysis + remote perconditioning; Assigned to Arm(s): Thrombolysis + Remote perconditioning
D: Arm Label: RemotePostConditioning; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Remote Postconditioning | Arm Label: Controls; Type: SHAM_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Remote Postconditioning | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Remote Postconditioning; Assigned to Arm(s): Controls, RemotePostConditioning

Answer: C
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Immediate Versus Standard Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV-infected Adults Presenting With Cryptococcal Meningitis
Brief Summary: The goal of this randomized clinical trial is to compare early versus standard timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) with respect to clearance of Cryptococcus neoformans from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) among HIV-infected adults with Cryptococcal Meningitis.

The investigators hypothesize that early ART mediates more rapid clearance of C. neoformans from CSF, as manifested by a greater rate of decrease in C. neoformans colony forming units (CFUs) during the first 28 days after initiating antifungal treatment.

Secondary hypotheses are that recovery of pathogen specific cellular immunity directed at C. neoformans, as manifested by increases in the number and function of C. neoformans-specific peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with 1) ART and 2) pathogen clearance. In addition, patients randomized to the intervention arm will have more rapid clearance of antigen levels in CSF and serum and will have a lower incidence of grade 3 and 4 Adverse events.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Standard Therapy; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Amphotericin B, Drug: Fluconazole | Arm Label: Fluconazole Low Dose; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Amphotericin B, Drug: Fluconazole | Arm Label: Fluconazole High Dose; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Amphotericin B, Drug: Fluconazole | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Amphotericin B; Assigned to Arm(s): Fluconazole High Dose, Fluconazole Low Dose, Standard Therapy | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Fluconazole; Assigned to Arm(s): Fluconazole High Dose, Fluconazole Low Dose, Standard Therapy
B: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Fluconazole, Drug: Fixed dose - Stavudine, lamivudine and Nevirapine | Arm Label: 2; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Fluconazole, Drug: Fixed dose - Stavudine, Lamivudine, Nevirapine | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Fluconazole; Assigned to Arm(s): 1, 2 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Fixed dose - Stavudine, lamivudine and Nevirapine; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Fixed dose - Stavudine, Lamivudine, Nevirapine; Assigned to Arm(s): 2
C: Arm Label: Early antiretroviral therapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Early antiretroviral therapy | Arm Label: Standard antiretroviral therapy; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Early antiretroviral therapy; Assigned to Arm(s): Early antiretroviral therapy
D: Arm Label: Earlier HIV Therapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: efavirenz, Biological: nucleoside | Arm Label: Deferred HIV Therapy; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: efavirenz, Biological: nucleoside | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: efavirenz; Assigned to Arm(s): Deferred HIV Therapy, Earlier HIV Therapy | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: nucleoside; Assigned to Arm(s): Deferred HIV Therapy, Earlier HIV Therapy

Answer: C
Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Immediate Versus Standard Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV-infected Adults Presenting With Cryptococcal Meningitis
Brief Summary: The goal of this randomized clinical trial is to compare early versus standard timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) with respect to clearance of Cryptococcus neoformans from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) among HIV-infected adults with Cryptococcal Meningitis.

The investigators hypothesize that early ART mediates more rapid clearance of C. neoformans from CSF, as manifested by a greater rate of decrease in C. neoformans colony forming units (CFUs) during the first 28 days after initiating antifungal treatment.

Secondary hypotheses are that recovery of pathogen specific cellular immunity directed at C. neoformans, as manifested by increases in the number and function of C. neoformans-specific peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with 1) ART and 2) pathogen clearance. In addition, patients randomized to the intervention arm will have more rapid clearance of antigen levels in CSF and serum and will have a lower incidence of grade 3 and 4 Adverse events.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Early antiretroviral therapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Early antiretroviral therapy | Arm Label: Standard antiretroviral therapy; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: N/A | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Early antiretroviral therapy; Assigned to Arm(s): Early antiretroviral therapy
B: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Fluconazole, Drug: Fixed dose - Stavudine, lamivudine and Nevirapine | Arm Label: 2; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Fluconazole, Drug: Fixed dose - Stavudine, Lamivudine, Nevirapine | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Fluconazole; Assigned to Arm(s): 1, 2 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Fixed dose - Stavudine, lamivudine and Nevirapine; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Fixed dose - Stavudine, Lamivudine, Nevirapine; Assigned to Arm(s): 2
C: Arm Label: Early ART; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: All licensed antiretroviral medications | Arm Label: Deferred ART; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: All licensed antiretroviral medications | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: All licensed antiretroviral medications; Assigned to Arm(s): Deferred ART, Early ART
D: Arm Label: Earlier HIV Therapy; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: efavirenz, Biological: nucleoside | Arm Label: Deferred HIV Therapy; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: efavirenz, Biological: nucleoside | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: efavirenz; Assigned to Arm(s): Deferred HIV Therapy, Earlier HIV Therapy | Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL; Name: nucleoside; Assigned to Arm(s): Deferred HIV Therapy, Earlier HIV Therapy

Answer: A