Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Yoga vs. Physical Therapy vs. Education for Chronic Low Back Pain in Minority Populations (Back to Health)
Brief Summary: A randomized controlled trial for chronic low back pain in predominantly minority populations with three treatment arms: yoga, physical therapy, and education. Four cohorts of participants will be randomized in a 2:2:1 ratio (yoga:physical therapy:education). Primary outcomes are pain intensity and measure of disability; secondary outcomes are pain medication use, treatment adherence, and health-related quality of life.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Consultation for low back pain, with or without referred or radiated pain; no signs of systemic disease or criteria for surgery.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability to fill out the questionnaires (blindness, dementia, illiteracy; total habitual prostration;
* Diagnosis of rheumatologic inflammatory disease, fibromyalgia or cancer in last 5 years;
* Suspicion of fibromyalgia.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Daily LBP, dominating over possible pain in leg or other joints/muscles
* Pain og \> 4 (scale 0-10) for more than 4 months

Exclusion Criteria:

* Cancer, inflammatory disease, previous back surgery, pregnancy
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Current non-specific low back pain persisting for at least 12 weeks
* 18-64 years old
* Mean low back pain intensity for the previous week of 4 or greater on a 0 to 10 numerical rating scale (0=no pain to 10=worst possible pain)
* English fluency sufficient to follow treatment instructions and answer survey questions.

Exclusion Criteria:

* New CLBP treatments started within the previous month or anticipated to begin in the next 3 months
* Known pregnancy
* Inability to understand English at a level necessary to understand treatment instructions and survey questions
* Previous back surgery or back fracture
* Specific CLBP pathologies (including spinal canal stenosis, severe scoliosis, spondylolisthesis, ankylosing spondylitis, large herniated disk)
* Severe or progressive neurological deficits
* Sciatica pain equal to or greater than back pain
* Active or recent cervical radiculopathy
* Active or planned worker's compensation, disability, or personal injury claims
* Lack of consent
* Significant participation in yoga or physical therapy in the last six months
* Has read The Back Pain Helpbook or the Back Book in the previous six months
* The principal investigator judges the participant to be unable to participate in the study due to serious medical and/or psychiatric comorbidities
* Has previously participated in the Yoga Dosing Study or the Physical Therapy Pilot
* Plans to move out of the Boston area in the next year
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Chronic non-specific low back pain, with or without referred pain to the legs
* Age 18-65
* Able to understand Dutch
* A minimum pain intensity of 3/10 on the numeric pain rating scale at the time of the test
* Being familiar with pelvic tilt exercises

Exclusion Criteria:

* Spinal surgery in the past
* Pregnancy
* Serious underlying pathologies (e.g. multiple sclerosis, tumors,...)
* Signs or symptoms of nerve root involvement
* Known skin-allergy for tape

Answer: C