Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Weight-Based, Fixed-Dose, Parallel-Group, Placebo-Controlled Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Extended Release Paliperidone for the Treatment of Schizophrenia in Adolescent Subjects, 12 to 17 Years of Age
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of 3 weight-based, fixed-dose groups of paliperidone extended release (ER) compared with placebo in adolescent patients between 12 to 17 years of age, who are diagnosed with schizophrenia. Paliperidone ER is an atypical antipsychotic agent approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of schizophrenia in adults. Patients may be voluntary inpatients or outpatients at the time of the screening visit, but should have returned to their usual living situation by Day 21 of the double-blind treatment phase. The study duration is approximately 10 weeks. Patients who have completed this study or who were discontinued from this study due to lack of efficacy but have completed at least 21 days of double-blind treatment and are expected to benefit from paliperidone treatment, may enter an optional open-label safety study.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients age 18 years or older to less than 65 years, inclusive (at time of informed consent)
* Subjects with a current diagnosis of schizophrenia, as defined by DSM-IV-TR criteria and a history of the illness for at least three years prior to screening (as per subject, family, healthcare provider, or by previous medical records).
* Subjects with a stable living environment, as demonstrated by the ability to provide contact information for themselves and/or family/friend(s)/caregiver(s).
* Subjects who showed previous response to antipsychotic treatment in the past year.
* Subjects who are currently treated with oral or depot antipsychotics other than clozapine or who have had a recent lapse in antipsychotic treatment requiring chronic treatment with antipsychotic medication for stabilization.
* Subjects who are experiencing a current acute exacerbation of psychotic symptoms requiring stabilization
* Subjects with a history of relapse and/or exacerbation of symptoms when they are not receiving antipsychotic treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Female patients who are breastfeeding or who have a positive pregnancy test (urine) result prior to receiving investigational medicinal product
* Patients presenting a first episode of schizophrenia based on the clinical judgment of the investigator
* Patients who are diagnosed with a disease other than schizophrenia (schizoaffective disorder, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorder, delirium, dementia, amnesia, or other cognitive disorder) based on current DSM-IV-TR Axis Ι criteria, or who are diagnosed with a personality disorder (borderline, paranoid, histrionic, schizotypal, schizoid, or antisocial)
* Subjects experiencing acute depressive symptoms within the past 30 days
* Subjects with schizophrenia who are considered resistant/refractory to antipsychotic treatment by history
* Subjects with a significant risk of violent behavior; who represent a risk of committing suicide
* Subjects with clinically significant tardive dyskinesia
* Subjects currently treated with insulin for diabetes.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Must meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM IV) criteria for schizophrenia (295.10, 295.20, 295.30, 295.60, 295.90) for 1 year (the diagnosis will be established using the K-SADS-PL, including all supplements)
* Must not be a danger to themselves or others, and must have family support available to be maintained as an outpatient
* Should have had at least 1 adequate treatment with an antipsychotic before participation in this study
* Must have a PANSS score between 60 and 120, inclusive, at screening and baseline
* Weight \>=29 kg

Exclusion Criteria:

* Meet the DSM-IV criteria at screening for dissociative disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, autistic disorder, or primary substance induced psychotic disorder. Other comorbid disorders e.g., attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are allowed as long as the diagnosis of schizophrenia is the primary diagnosis and the comorbid disorders in the investigator's judgment do not require medication
* Mild, moderate, or severe mental retardation (i.e., documented intelligence quotient \[IQ\] \<70) established by previous IQ testing or history
* Women who are pregnant (as confirmed by urine pregnancy test performed at screening or baseline), planning to become pregnant or are nursing
* Have a known or suspected history of seizure disorder, or neuroleptic malignant syndrome, encephalopathic syndrome, tardive dyskinesia, or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
* Presence of any significant or unstable cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, hepatic, hematologic, endocrine, immunologic, or other systemic disease
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Confirmed SCID DSM-IV clinical diagnosis by trained remote clinical assessor of:

  * schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, brief psychotic disorder, psychotic disorder NOS
* Any duration of untreated psychosis
* Any ethnicity
* Ability to participate in research assessments in English
* Ability to provide fully informed consent (assent for those under age 18)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability to understand what research participation entails or correctly answer the questions about research participation that are part of the Study Information Review and provide fully informed consent
* More than 4 months of prior cumulative treatment with antipsychotic medications
* Diagnosis of bipolar disorder, psychotic depression or substance-induced psychotic disorder
* Current psychotic disorder due to a general medical condition
* Current neurological disorders that would affect diagnosis or prognosis. These would include, but are not limited to seizure disorders, dementing or degenerative disorders, lesions or substantial congenital abnormalities. In most cases, disorders such as headache disorders would not require protocol exclusion
* Clinically significant head trauma
* Any other serious medical condition that in the opinion of the investigator would seriously impair functioning making the patient unsuitable for the trial
D: Inclusion criteria:

1. Patients with established diagnoses of schizophrenia (per Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)) with the following clinical features:

   1. Clinically stable and are in the residual (non-acute) phase of their illness for at least 8 weeks.
   2. Maintained on current antipsychotic medications and current dose for at least 8 weeks.
   3. Have no more than a moderate severity rating on hallucinations and delusions (e.g. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) Hallucinatory Behavior or Unusual Thought Content item score \< or =4).
   4. Have no more than a moderate severity rating on positive formal thought disorder (e.g. BPRS Conceptual Disorganization item score \< or =4).
   5. Have no more than a moderate severity rating on negative symptoms (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale negative syndrome total score \<15).
   6. Have a minimal level of extrapyramidal symptoms (e.g. Simpson-Angus Scale total score \< 6) and depressive symptoms (e.g. Calgary Depression Scale total score \< 10).
2. Male or female patients age \> or = 18 and \< or =55 years.
3. Patients must exhibit reliability and physiologic capability to comply with all protocol procedures.
4. Signed and dated written informed consent prior to admission to the study in accordance with GCP and the local legislation. If the patient needs a legal representative, then this legal representative must give written consent as well.

Exclusion criteria:

1. Patient treated with more than one antipsychotic or not stabilized on antipsychotic treatment, or having had electroconvulsive therapy within the last 30 days
2. Patient's cognitive impairment severity compromises the validity of the cognitive outcome measures, in the clinical judgment of the investigator.
3. Any suicidal behavior in the past 2 years (i.e. actual attempt, interrupted attempt, aborted attempt, or preparatory acts or behavior).
4. Any suicidal ideation of type 4 or 5 in the Columbia Suicidal Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) in the past 3 months (i.e. active suicidal thought with intent but without specific plan, or active suicidal thought with plan and intent).
5. Any finding of the medical examination (including BP, PR and ECG) or laboratory value deviating from normal and of clinical relevance in the judgment of the investigator.
6. Any evidence of a clinically relevant concomitant disease.
7. History or diagnosis of symptomatic and unstable/uncontrolled gastrointestinal, hepatic, renal, respiratory, cardiovascular, metabolic, immunological, haematological or hormonal disorders.
8. Female patients that are of child-bearing potential or currently breastfeeding.
9. Known history, or new diagnosis per screening labs, of HIV infection.
10. History of neurologic (e.g. stroke, seizure without a clear and resolved etiology, concussion accompanying loss of consciousness) or psychiatric condition that the investigator deems may interfere with interpretability of data
11. History of malignancy within the last 5 years, except for basal cell carcinoma.
12. Planned elective surgery requiring general anaesthesia, or hospitalisation for more than 1 day during the study period.
13. Any other clinical condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would jeopardize a patient's safety while participating in this clinical trial.
14. Significant history of drug dependence or abuse (including alcohol, as defined in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or in the opinion of the investigator) within the last two years prior to informed consent, or a positive urine drug screen for cocaine, opioid, phencyclidine (PCP), amphetamine or marijuana at screening.
15. Participation in another trial with an investigational drug or procedure within 30 days prior to screening or previous participation in any BI 409306 study.

Answer: B