Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Phase II Study of the Effect of Senna Alexandrina Mill. on Uremic Pruritus and Serum IL-2, INF-δ and TNF-α Levels of Hemodialysed Patients
Brief Summary: Uremic pruritus remains one of the most frustrating and potentially disabling symptoms in patients with end stage renal disease. It affect up to 90 percent of patients with end stage renal disease. Several hypotheses have been postulated for the possible underlying etiology, but none is conclusive. Aside from kidney transplantation, which is only definitive treatment, therapeutic approaches have largely been empirical, and no firm evident-base treatments are available. The main goal of therapy remains to minimize severity of pruritus. In Iranian traditional medicine Cassia senna L. is used for healing uremic pruritus . In this study investigators considered to evaluate effect of Cassia senna L. in uremic pruritus by a double blind placebo control clinical trial. It is hypothesized that oral Cassia senna L. may attenuate uremic pruritus by decreasing serum IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. History of pruritus of \>8 weeks duration.
2. Severity of pruritus of 7 or more defined by visual analogue scale.
3. No improvement by oral antihistamines or skin moisturizers.
4. Discontinuation of any medication with presumed antipruritic effects at least 1 week before the study.
5. Negative pregnancy test result for all participating women of childbearing age;

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Known allergy to Pregabalin
2. Any acute illness;
3. Liver cirrhosis
4. Active dermatological disorder other than UP
5. Decompensated heart failure;
6. Inability to give informed consent;
7. Poor compliance.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Hemodialysis patients
* Suffering from pruritus for at least 6 weeks
* Have not responded to other drugs
* visual analogue scale (VAS) equal or more than 4

Exclusion Criteria:

* Liver disease
* Respiratory disease
* Dermatological disease
* Hemoglobin less than 10
* Cholestasis
* Malignancies
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult Chinese male and female patients aged \> 18 undergoing CAPD for at least 3 months and able to read and understand Chinese
* Patients experiencing moderate to severe pruritis, defined as persistent, treatment-resistant pruritis considerably impairing sleep or daytime activity. Treatment resistance is defined as no or only partial resolvement of pruritis under current anti-pruritis treatment regimens such as anti-pruritis lotions and anti-histamines.
* Patients in stable clinical condition in terms of peritoneal dialysis and general health
* Patients able to understand and answer the SDS questionnaire
* Patients able to express the sensation of itchiness in the terms of the VAS and the SDS score
* Patients who are willing to give written informed consent and to participate in and comply with the study protocol

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with a known history of pruritis or dermatologic disease antedating renal failure.
* Patients with skin disease other than the usual cutaneous findings of uraemia such as xerosis or ecchymosis.
* Patients under current treatment with systemic steroids
* Known history of allergy to Gabapentin
* Those patients already put on anti-convulsants
* Unable to give written informed consent for the study
* Pregnancy or female patients of child-bearing age who are unwilling to use contraception
* Poor drug compliance
* Known HIV positivity
* Active neoplastic disease
* Those who do not want to participate the study
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Hemodialysis patients
* Suffering from pruritus for at least 6 weeks
* Have not responded to other drugs

Exclusion Criteria:

* Dermatological disease
* Liver disease
* Metabolic disease

Answer: D