Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Optimizing Drug-Therapy in Patients, 80 Years and Older, in Order to Reduce Drug-Related Morbidity and Usage of Secondary Care - a Randomized Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to measure the effects of an enhanced service where a pharmacists is part of the healthcare team on the ward (focusing on drug-related problems and transferring information between primary and secondary care). Primary outcome measure is visits to hospital during a 12-month follow-up period, and the population is patients 80 years and older.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* 80 years and older
* Acute admission to study ward

Exclusion Criteria:

* \<80 years
* Scheduled admission
* Previously admitted to studyward during study period
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Speaks either English or Spanish
* Willing to obtain all long-term prescriptions from one community pharmacy during the 90-day study period
* Diagnosed with at least one of the following conditions: high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, heart failure, coronary artery disease, heart attack, stroke, transient ischemic attack, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes, or receiving oral anticoagulation therapy
* Admitted to the general medicine, family medicine, cardiology, or orthopedics services hospital department

Exclusion Criteria:

* Does not have a working telephone
* Has a hearing impairment that does not allow the use of a telephone
* Enrolled in Iowa Care (i.e., individual has no community physician or community pharmacist following hospital discharge)
* Life expectancy estimated at less than 6 months at the time of study entry
* Dementia or cognitive impairment
* Severe psychiatric or psychosocial factors, including substance abuse, that may impair the desire or ability to complete all aspects of the study
* Admission to the psychiatric, surgery, or hematology/oncology services hospital department
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Admitted to a participating study hospital
* Diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes or heart failure

Exclusion Criteria:

* Too ill to participate
* Corrected visual acuity worse than 20/200
* Severe hearing impairment
* Patient is not being discharged to their home
* No regular telephone number
* Not fluent in English or Spanish
* Unintelligible speech
* In police custody
* Caregiver manages all medications
* Delirium or severe dementia
* Psychotic illness
* Already participating in a conflicting study
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* patients age 55 and older
* admitted to the general medicine, family medicine, cardiology, and neurology services at San Francisco General Hospital,
* able to communicate in either English, Spanish, Mandarin or Cantonese,
* attending physicians agree to the patient's participation.
* Patients must be able to demonstrate an understanding of the study's goals through a set of teach back questions included in the consent process.

Exclusion Criteria:

* transferred from an outside hospital;
* admitted for a planned hospitalization (e.g. chemotherapy, a planned surgery)
* requiring hospice, nursing home, rehab or other institutional settings (i.e. expected by the physician team to be discharged to skilled nursing facilities) - those unable to independently consent (i.e. severely cognitively impaired, delirious, deaf, or involuntarily hospitalized because of severe mental illness)
* unable to understand English, Spanish or Cantonese (as reported by medical teams or unable to complete the consent teach-back process)
* less than age 55
* aphasic
* otherwise excluded by the medical team
* participated in the pilot project of this intervention.

Answer: A