Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Urinary Urgency Outcomes Following Propiverine Treatment for an Overactive Bladder: PRopiverine Study on Overactive Bladder Including Urgency Data (PROUD)
Brief Summary: Overactive bladder (OAB) is defined as "urgency, with or without urge incontinence, usually with frequency and nocturia" in the absence of local pathological or endocrine factors. Urgency is defined as "the complaint of a sudden compelling desire to pass urine that is difficult to defer" and an abnormal sensation that is distinctly different from the normal physiologic feeling of 'urge to void' that occurs during typical bladder-filling cycles.

Because up to 50% of patients with OAB experience urgency without incontinence, and because urgency is the most bothersome symptom that drives behavioral adaptations such as frequent voiding because of the very fear of urgency, this is the cornerstone symptom of OAB that indicates the diagnosis of OAB.

Even though any effective treatment for OAB must reduce the patient's sense of urgency, its subjective nature makes it difficult to measure. Therefore, the clinical efficacy of OAB treatment was traditionally measured in terms of objective surrogate parameters instead of urgency itself: for example, change in urinary frequency, incontinent episodes, number of pads and urodynamically proven detrusor overactivity, which could be measured easily and quantifiably.

Recently, several methods that measure urgency have been developed and used in clinical practice. However, the analysis questioned the clinical significance of the results; a possible reason for this being the lack of data based on urinary urgency and the use of sensitive patient-driven criteria.

Propiverine hydrochloride (1-methyl-4-piperidyl diphenylpropoxyacetate hydrochloride) is a drug with combined antimuscarinic and calcium antagonistic actions. Previous trials on the clinical efficacy and safety of propiverine for treating patients with OAB have reported improvements in urinary frequency and incontinence, but not in urgency.

The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy of a daily regimen of propiverine at 20 mg (immediate release formulation) in improving urgency from baseline to 12 weeks of treatment in patients with OAB.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Placebo; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Arm Label: Solifenacin 5 mg; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Placebo, Drug: solifenacin | Arm Label: Solifenacin 10 mg; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: solifenacin | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): Placebo, Solifenacin 5 mg | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: solifenacin; Assigned to Arm(s): Solifenacin 10 mg, Solifenacin 5 mg
B: Arm Label: 1; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Propiverine hydrochloride | Arm Label: 2; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Propiverine hydrochloride; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): 2
C: Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: tolterodine SR, overactive bladder; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
D: Arm Label: 1; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Tolterodine ER | Arm Label: 2; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Drug: Placebo | Arm Label: 3; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Drug: Fesoterodine | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Tolterodine ER; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Placebo; Assigned to Arm(s): 2 | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Fesoterodine; Assigned to Arm(s): 3

Answer: B