Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial Evaluating the Effect of Melatonin on Sleep Quality in Patients With Dementia
Brief Summary: Introduction: Patients with dementia may suffer from poor sleep quality. Disturbance in the metabolism melatonin may have a role in the pathogenesis of sleep-wake cycle alterations in dementia.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of low dose exogenous melatonin in improving sleep quality.

Design: A single-center randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study carried out on outpatients with dementia and sleep alterations.

Participants: The investigators calculated a 40 individuals aged 65 years or over with a diagnosis of mild-moderate dementia (Clinical Dementia Rating 1-2).

Intervention: Patients were randomized to receive either 5 mg of melatonin or placebo every night for 8 weeks.

Measurements: The primary outcome was sleep quality according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Older than 60 years;
* Circadian cycle sleep disorder with insomnia (according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders- V criteria);
* Mild or moderate dementia (clinical dementia rating 1 and 2);
* Medications such as anti-depressants, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, antipsychotics or memantine were allowed as long as they were initiated for over 8 weeks.

Exclusion Criteria:

* They had other diagnoses of sleep disorders, known hypersensitivity to melatonin, use of stimulants or hypnotics, recent diagnosis (within 8 weeks) of mood disorders or neuropsychiatric symptoms.
B: Inclusion criteria:

* Patients with diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) (Cannot be dementia from strokes or other causes).
* Patient is on stable and well-tolerated donepezil treatment at a dose of either 5 or 10 mg daily for at least 3 months prior to screening visit.

Exclusion criteria:

* Age \<55 years old.
* Psychotic features, agitation, or behavioral problems within the last 3 months.
* Patients unable to comply with ophthalmologic monitoring.
* Lack of consistent and reliable caregiver.

The above information is not intended to contain all considerations relevant to a patient's potential participation in a clinical trial.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age between 60-99 years
* Clinical diagnosis of Dementia of the Alzheimer's type or Vascular Dementia
* Only subjects with Mini Mental Status Examination scores of greater or equal to 10 will be enrolled.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Subjects who are too agitated to be able to wear the activity monitors;
2. Subjects who are actively suicidal or homicidal or for whom the clinical treatment team considers participation in the study to be unsuitable;
3. Subjects with untreated primary sleep disorders;
4. Subjects who receive hypnotic medications during their participation in the study; Subjects who received hypnotic medications prior to enrollment may participate in the study if they agree to stop receiving hypnotic medications (with their attending physician's approval);
5. Subjects who are receiving over the counter sleep aids;
6. Subjects who can not commit to abstaining from alcohol use while in the study;
7. Subjects with known anaphylactic reaction or angioedema with Zolpidem CR.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

Fifty-five years of age or older; Diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease by National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke/the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria; Hachinski Ischemia Scale score less than 5 Mini-Mental State Examination score of O to 26 Actigraph evidence of a mean time immobile of less than 7 hours per night based on at least 7 nights of complete actigraph data collected over a single week; For-week history of sleep disorder behaviors, occurring at least once weekly, as reported by the caregiver using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) Nighttime Behavior scale; Sleep disturbance observed was not present before the diagnosis of AD; Other co-morbidities, especially delirium, depression, chronic pain and medication use may be present, but do not cooperate in the primary symptoms; Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging since the onset of memory problems showing no more than 1 lacunar infarct in a nonstrategic area and no clinical events suggestive of stroke or other intracranial disease or normal; Stable medications for 4 weeks prior to the screening visit; Having a mobile upper extremity to which to attach an actigraph; Residing with a responsible spouse, family member, or professional caregiver who is present during the night and would agree to assume the role of the principal caregiver for the 3-week protocol; Ability to ingest oral medication and participate in all scheduled evaluations

Exclusion Criteria:

Sleep disturbance associated with an acute illness, delirium or psychiatric disease; Clinically significant movement disorder, such as akinesia, that would affect actigraphic differentiation of sleep and wakefulness Severe agitation; Unstable medical condition; Discontinuation of psychotropic or sleep medications within 2 weeks of the screening visit; Patient unwilling to maintain caffeine abstinence after 2:00 PM for the duration of the protocol; Patient unwilling to comply with the maximum limit of 2 alcoholic drinks per day, and only 1 alcoholic drink after 6:00 PM for the duration of the protocol; Prior use of mirtazapine for the treatment of sleep disturbances; Caregiver deemed too unreliable to supervise the wearing of the actigraph, to administer trazodone the proper time, to maintain tbe sleep diary, or to bring the patient to the scheduled visits;

Answer: A