Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Evaluation of a Novel Long Lasting Insecticidal Net and Indoor Residual Spray Product, Separately and Together, Against Malaria Transmitted by Pyrethroid Resistant Mosquitoes.
Brief Summary: The proposed study is a four-arm randomized control trial (RCT) in 48 villages in the Lakes region in Tanzania comparing the relative effectiveness of 4 vector control interventions for reducing malaria transmission and controlling vector populations in an area where An gambiae s.s is pyrethroid and carbamate resistant: 1/ a standard long lasting insecticidal net (LLIN), 2/ a LLIN which incorporates a piperonyl butoxide (PBO) synergist, 3/ a long lasting indoor residual spray (IRS) formulation used in conjunction with standard pyrethroid LLIN or 4/ the long lasting indoor residual spray (IRS) formulation used in conjunction with the LLIN which incorporates a PBO synergist.

The trial will provide epidemiological, entomological, economic and social evidence of impact, as the investigators shall be measuring the reductions in malaria prevalence and malaria transmission rates EIR, and changes in the frequency of resistance, mosquito species ratios and economic cost effectiveness. The proposed trial will demonstrate whether the novel LLIN and long lasting IRS formulation will be more effective for controlling An.gambiae s.s. and reducing malaria prevalence than current practice with the conventional LLIN. There is great interest in conducting this trial. Alternative vector control products are limited and most new insecticides are not suitable for use on LLINs or as IRS.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Regular long-lasting insecticidal nets; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Regular long-lasting insecticidal nets | Arm Label: Piperonyl butoxide-treated LLIN; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: LLIN plus Piperonyl butoxide-treated LLIN | Arm Label: PBO-LLIN plus larval source management; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: LLIN plus Piperonyl butoxide-treated LLIN, Other: Long-lasting microbial larvicide | Arm Label: PBO-LLIN plus enhanced methods; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: LLIN plus Piperonyl butoxide-treated LLIN | Arm Label: LLIN plus indoor residual spraying; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Regular long-lasting insecticidal nets, Other: Indoor residual spraying with micro-encapsulated pirimiphos-methyl or other insecticides | Arm Label: LLIN+IRS twice a year; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Regular long-lasting insecticidal nets, Other: Long-lasting microbial larvicide, Other: Indoor residual spraying with micro-encapsulated pirimiphos-methyl or other insecticides | Arm Label: LLIN+IRS plus enhanced method; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Regular long-lasting insecticidal nets, Other: Indoor residual spraying with micro-encapsulated pirimiphos-methyl or other insecticides | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Regular long-lasting insecticidal nets; Assigned to Arm(s): LLIN plus indoor residual spraying, LLIN+IRS plus enhanced method, LLIN+IRS twice a year, Regular long-lasting insecticidal nets | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: LLIN plus Piperonyl butoxide-treated LLIN; Assigned to Arm(s): PBO-LLIN plus enhanced methods, PBO-LLIN plus larval source management, Piperonyl butoxide-treated LLIN | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Long-lasting microbial larvicide; Assigned to Arm(s): LLIN+IRS twice a year, PBO-LLIN plus larval source management | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Indoor residual spraying with micro-encapsulated pirimiphos-methyl or other insecticides; Assigned to Arm(s): LLIN plus indoor residual spraying, LLIN+IRS plus enhanced method, LLIN+IRS twice a year
B: Arm Label: Conventional Olyset LLIN; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Conventional Olyset LLIN | Arm Label: Olyset Plus LLIN; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Olyset Plus LLIN | Arm Label: Conventional Olyset LLIN and IRS; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Conventional Olyset LLIN, Other: IRS | Arm Label: Olyset Plus LLIN and IRS; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Olyset Plus LLIN, Other: Conventional Olyset LLIN | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Olyset Plus LLIN; Assigned to Arm(s): Olyset Plus LLIN, Olyset Plus LLIN and IRS | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Conventional Olyset LLIN; Assigned to Arm(s): Conventional Olyset LLIN, Conventional Olyset LLIN and IRS, Olyset Plus LLIN and IRS | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: IRS; Assigned to Arm(s): Conventional Olyset LLIN and IRS
C: Arm Label: Participants; Type: OTHER; Interventions: Drug: Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine | Intervention Type: DRUG; Name: Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine; Assigned to Arm(s): Participants
D: Arm Label: Universal coverage of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN); Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Device: Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN) | Arm Label: LLIN Plus Indoor Residual Spraying; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Indoor residual insecticide spraying (IRS), Device: Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN) | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Indoor residual insecticide spraying (IRS); Assigned to Arm(s): LLIN Plus Indoor Residual Spraying | Intervention Type: DEVICE; Name: Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN); Assigned to Arm(s): LLIN Plus Indoor Residual Spraying, Universal coverage of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN)

Answer: B