Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: An Addiction Model Based Mobile Health Weight Loss Intervention With Coaching in Adolescents With Overweight and Obesity: Multi-Site Randomized Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: The proposed multi-site randomized control trial (RCT) will test the effectiveness of an addiction-based weight loss intervention, embodied first as a smartphone app with telephone coaching and second as an identical approach phone-coaching alone intervention compared to age matched controls participating in an in-clinic weight management interventions in a larger sample of economically, racially and ethnically diverse adolescents (ages 14-18). One hundred and eighty adolescents will be recruited from pediatric interdisciplinary weight management clinics operating out of five different hospital systems in Southern California and through targeted mailing to 40 ethnically, racially and economically diverse neighborhoods in Los Angeles County. The adolescents will be randomized 1:1 via stratified block randomization to either receive 1) interactive addiction model based mobile health (mHealth) weight-loss intervention with personalized phone-coaching (AppCoach), 2) interactive addiction model based mHealth weight-loss intervention alone (App) or 3) Multidisciplinary in-clinic weight management program (Clinic). Assessment of the intervention's effect on zBMI and percent over the 95th percentile (%BMIp95), fasting metabolic parameters, addictive eating habits, executive function, and motivation for change will be obtained at enrollment, 3, 6, 12 and 18 months (1 year post intervention follow up).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 14-18 years
* Body mass index \[BMI\] ≥85th percentile for age and gender

Exclusion Criteria:

* Concurrent participation in an alternative weight loss intervention
* Blood pressure \> 99th percentile for age, gender, and height
* Known poorly controlled psychiatric illness and/or developmental delay
* Participants Inability to read English
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* All patients must be under the care of medical specialists who adheres to national guidelines for morbid obesity or pre-diabetic conditions.
* Age older than 18 years.
* Body max index (BMI): ≥ 30 mg/m2.
* Pre-diabetic condition following ADA criteria: fasting plasma glucose level from 5.6mmol/L (100 mg/dL) to 6.9mmol/L (125 mg/dL).
* Patients must be able to participate, understand and complete questionnaires in Spanish language.
* Patients must refer to be used to use multimedia platforms such as PDAs, tablets, laptops, smart phones or personal computers in a regular basis.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Any mental (e.g. cognitive impairment, severe psychopathology not stabilized) or physical condition that could interfere with the successful application of the research protocol.
* Patients will be recruited from specialist outpatient consultation at Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR). All patients must be under the care of specialists who adhere to national guidelines.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* At least 1 visit in the previous 12 months to an adult medicine, internal medicine, or family practice provider at a participating community health center
* BMI between 30.0-45.0 kg/m2 and weight ≤ 320 pounds
* Diagnosis of hypertension or diabetes

Exclusion Criteria:

* Current pregnancy
* Pregnancy in previous 12 months
* Heart attack/stroke in previous 2 years
* Active cancer diagnosis
* Current participation in another weight loss study
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18-64
* Living in the State of California
* Body mass index (BMI) 27-43
* Must speak, read, and comprehend English
* Access to reliable internet and wi-fi
* Must have a valid email address and phone number
* Must have an Apple iPhone (iPhone 7 or later, iOS 11 or later) with cellular data plan
* Must have a kitchen and be willing to cook
* Willingness to reduce carbohydrate intake to less than 30g/day
* Willingness to restrict intake of added sugar, bread, grain, rice, pasta, sweets, most fruits, pastries, and other carbohydrates
* Willingness to comply with a strict diet for 12 months
* Willingness to eat a diet that is primarily plant and fish-based
* Interest in losing weight

Exclusion Criteria:

* HIV or immunocompromised
* Current or past cancer diagnosis
* Pregnant, breastfeeding, or planned pregnancy in next 12 months
* Beginning or ending hormonal contraception in next 12 months
* Current diagnosis of diabetes
* History of heart attack or stent
* Currently taking glucose-lowering drugs, statins, or oral steroids
* History of gastric bypass surgery or any other weight-loss surgery
* History of anorexia or bulimia
* History of mental illness
* Current smoker or smoked cigarettes within past 12 months
* Currently eating fewer than 50 g carbohydrates per day
* Have tried a low-carb, high fat (ketogenic diet) within the past 3 months
* Recent weight loss or gain of more than 5% body weight in past 6 months
* Previous experience with the Weight Watchers diet app
* Experience with a low-carbohydrate of ketogenic diet within past 6 months

Answer: A