Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Ankle Tracking Training in Stroke
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to compare the improvement in ankle control and brain activation in subjects with stroke resulting from two different forms of telerehabilitation: tracking training, emphasizing accurate movements, versus movement training, involving simple movements.

Hypotheses:

1. The Track group will show greater improvement in ankle range of motion compared to the Move group.
2. The Track group will show greater improvement in ankle tracking accuracy and greater changes in fMRI (increase in relative volume of activation for ipsilesional sensorimotor cortex, increase in laterality index, and decrease in blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal intensity index) compared to Move group.
3. The Track group will show greater improvement in tracking accuracy at an untrained joint (knee) compared to the Move group.
4. The Track group will show greater improvement in standing balance.
5. The Track group will show greater improvement in walking speed and ankle dorsiflexion during gait compared to the Move group.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Males, females, or any gender identity 18 years of age or older
* Experienced a stroke resulting in mild-to-moderate hemiparesis at least six months prior to enrollment (suggested range of motion (ROM) criteria includes: 45° shoulder abduction and flexion, 20° elbow extension, 20° wrist extension, and 10° extension of thumb and finger)
* Have preserved ability to comprehend and participate in basic elements of the therapy

Exclusion Criteria:

* Concurrent participation in other experimental trials for motor dysfunction treatment
* Receiving Botox therapy currently or in the past 3 months
* Have medical conditions that would place volunteers at higher risk of adverse events (e.g., renal disease, frailty, pregnancy, dementia, severe pain, end-stage/degenerative diseases)
* Have received intensive upper-extremity rehabilitation in the chronic phase post-stroke
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with aphasia following stroke (all stages of aphasia post stroke)
* Aphasia including naming impairment (percentile score of 70 or lower on the NGA - subtest naming)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age: \< 16 years
* Patients who are unable to perform 5 hours of speech and language therapy per week due to medical or cognitive reasons (Including vision and hearing impairment)
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Have acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke within the preceding twenty-four months, defined as "a rapid onset event of vascular origin reflecting a focal disturbance of cerebral function, excluding isolated impairments of higher function and persisting longer than 24 hours";
* age between 45-90;
* discharge to the community;
* cognitively intact (score of 6/10 or greater on the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire);
* discharge motor Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score of 17-88 (i.e., maximal assistance on no more than 4 motor activities of daily living (ADLs) as the most severe stroke included and modified independence at least 2 motor ADLs as the least severe); able to follow 3-step command; signed VHA Medical Media release form; concurrence by the patient's physician;
* and informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

Unable to provide informed consent
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Single stroke with an ischemic infarct.
2. Between 18 and 85 years of age.
3. Time since stroke onset must be \>6 months.
4. Cannot be receiving any rehabilitation therapy.
5. Impaired ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion but at least 10 degrees of active motion.
6. Cognition level must be at least 24 out of 30 on the Mini-Mental Examination 7. Able to ambulate at least 100 feet independently. training.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Cannot have any neuromuscular disorder other than stroke that impairs ankle motion.
2. Cannot have an executive function score on Stroop Interference Test of \<37.
3. Cannot have a score on the Beck Depression Inventory of \>10.
4. Cannot have ataxia, apraxia, receptive aphasia, hemi-neglect, or severe visual field cut .
5. Cannot be pregnant nor have indwelling metal or medical devices incompatible with fMRI.

Answer: D