Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Comparison of Short Interval vs. Routine Postpartum Visit on Contraceptive Initiation
Brief Summary: The current postpartum care model of a single visit 4-6 weeks after delivery does not optimally address contraceptive needs. By this visit, many women have resumed sexual activity, potentially putting them at risk for unintended and rapid repeat pregnancy. In addition, many women with pregnancy-related Medicaid lose insurance coverage at this time, making it difficult to obtain long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) if desired. Therefore, an earlier postpartum visit may remove barriers to improve access to LARC thereby, reducing unintended and rapid repeat pregnancy. Our primary objective is to determine whether an additional 3-week postpartum visit, compared to usual postpartum care, will affect the initiation of LARC by 6 weeks postpartum.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Delivered at Barnes-Jewish Hospital
* Receiving postpartum care at resident clinic

Exclusion Criteria:

* Received LARC, sterilization, or hysterectomy
* Abortion, stillbirth, or neonatal death
* Non-English speaking
* Unable to comply with follow-up
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Full term or late pre-term infant (\> 34 0/7 weeks gestational age) discharged from the newborn nursery
* Feeding human milk (breast milk) during the maternity/newborn stay with intent to continue to breastfeed after discharge
* English speaking mother
* Singleton or twin infant

Exclusion Criteria:

* Premature infant \< 34 weeks gestational age
* Exclusively formula fed infant during nursery stay
* Complicated maternity/nursery stay requiring \> 2 night stay after a vaginal delivery or \> 4 night stay after a cesarean section
* A nursery course with atypical complications (e.g. a work-up for ambiguous genitalia)
* Infant with hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy during the nursery stay
* Any major maternal morbidities and/or pre-existing condition that would effect postpartum care such as cancer, multiple sclerosis, lupus, etc.
* Previous maternal participation in the NITTANY trial
* Residence outside of the coverage area for the Visiting Nurses Association (VNA) of Central Pennsylvania
* Family with no active telephone number (home or cellular)
* Infant being put up for adoption
* Non-English speaking mother
* Family requiring a home visit due to Social Work or other staff request/order
* Triplets or higher order gestation
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Eligible mothers will be identified as experiencing symptoms of PPD and scores \>12 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.
* Mothers must speak English or French.
* Mothers will not be excluded for taking anti-depressant or anti-psychotic medication, using other interventions for PPD, or reporting a history of mental illness;
* The infant must be full-term, in the care of the mother and between 3 to 6 months of age at initial enrollment.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Infants who have been admitted to the NICU
* Infants will be excluded if medicated with corticosteroids
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* at least 18 years of age
* delivered vaginally a healthy, full-term (at least 37 weeks gestation) baby
* received prenatal care services at the VCUMCV OB clinic
* speak English
* provide informed consent for study participation.

Exclusion Criteria:

* cognitive impairment, psychiatric instability, or language barriers that limit their ability to provide informed consent
* surgically sterilized
* have complicated deliveries that require extended hospital stays
* need early follow-up to monitor their conditions
* any problems with infants such as preterm birth, admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), congenital malformations or respiratory problems that would require frequent clinic visits or prolonged hospital admissions for the infants.

Answer: A