Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Multinational, Multicenter, Randomized, Double Blind Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of AVE5026 With Enoxaparin for the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery
Brief Summary: The primary objective is to compare the efficacy and safety of once daily (q.d.) subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of Semuloparin sodium (AVE5026) with q.d. s.c. injections of Enoxaparin for the prevention of Venous Thromboembolic Events (VTE) in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.

The secondary objectives are to evaluate the safety of Semuloparin sodium (AVE5026) and to document Semuloparin sodium (AVE5026) exposure in this population.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient undergoing major abdominal surgery (open surgery under general anesthesia lasting more than 45 minutes in the peritoneal and/or retroperitoneal space and/or pelvis).
* Patient \<60 years of age had to have one of the following additional risk factors for VTE:

  * History of VTE,
  * Obesity,
  * Chronic Heart failure,
  * Chronic Respiratory Failure,
  * Inflammatory Bowel Disease,
  * Cancer Surgery.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Any major orthopedic or general surgery in the 3 months prior to study start;
* Clinical signs or symptoms of DVT or PE within the last 12 months or known post phlebitic syndrome;
* Any contra-indications to the performance of venography;
* High risk of bleeding;
* Known hypersensitivity to heparin or Enoxaparin sodium;
* End stage renal disease or patient on dialysis.

The above information was not intended to contain all considerations relevant to a patient's potential participation in a clinical trial.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or female subjects older than the minimum legal adult age (country specific);
* Acute symptomatic proximal DVT and/or symptomatic PE confirmed at the site by appropriate diagnostic imaging;
* Able to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* thrombectomy, insertion of a caval filter, or use of a fibrinolytic agent to treat the current episode of DVT and/or PE;
* More than 48 hours pre-treatment with anticoagulant therapy prior to randomization;
* Calculated Creatinine clearance (CrCL) \< 30 mL/min;
* significant liver disease (e.g., acute hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis) or alanine transaminase (ALT) \>\\= 2 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), or total bilirubin (TBL) x 1.5 times the ULN;
* patients with active cancer for whom long term treatment with (LMW) heparin is anticipated;
* active bleeding or high risk for bleeding contraindicating treatment with (LMW) heparin or warfarin;
* chronic treatment with non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs);
* treatment with aspirin in a dosage of more than 100 mg/per day or dual antiplatelet therapy;
* concurrent treatment with potent P-gp inhibitors;
* subjects with any condition that, as judged by the investigator, would place the subject at increased risk of harm if he/she participated in the study
C: Inclusion criteria:

1. Patients with confirmed symptomatic PE or proximal DVT of the leg(s) who have been treated for 6 to 18 months with therapeutic dosages (intended INR between 2-3) of an oral VKA (e.g. warfarin, acenocoumarol, phenprocoumon, or fluindione) or RE-COVER study medication up to the moment of screening for the current study.
2. Written informed consent

Exclusion criteria:

1. Younger then 18 years of age
2. Indication for VKA other than DVT and/or PE
3. Patients in whom anticoagulant treatment for their index PE or DVT should be continued
4. Active liver disease or liver disease decreasing survival (e.g. acute hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis) or ALAT \> 3 x ULN
5. Creatinine clearance \< 30 ml/min
6. Acute bacterial endocarditis
7. Active bleeding or high risk for bleeding.
8. Uncontrolled hypertension (investigators judgement)
9. Intake of another experimental drug within the 30 days prior to randomization into the study
10. Life expectancy \<6 months
11. Childbearing potential without proper contraceptive measures\*, pregnancy or breast feeding
D: Inclusion criteria:

Inclusion_Criteria

* Acute symptomatic deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
* Pulmonary embolism (PE) 3-12 months prior to screening, which has been documented by objective testing

Exclusion criteria:

Exclusion_Criteria

* Symptomatic DVT or PE at screening Interruption of anticoagulant therapy for 2 or more weeks during the 3-12 months of treatment for the prior VTE.
* Patients who in the investigators judgement are perceived as having an excessive risk of bleeding Elevated Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or Alanine tranminase (ALT) \> 2x ULN
* Severe renal impairment (estimated creatinine clearance \<= 30 ml/min)

Answer: A