Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: MI-SPRINT (Myocardial Infarction - Stress PRevention INTervention): A Randomized Controlled Minimal Early Behavioral Intervention Trial to Reduce the Development of Posttraumatic Stress Caused by Acute Myocardial Infarction
Brief Summary: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder that may occur after someone experiences a traumatic event. Between 10-20% of patients may develop PTSD in response to the traumatic experience of myocardial infarction (MI). PTSD is associated with impaired quality of life, social functioning, and high economic burden to the society. Posttraumatic stress attributable to MI has also been shown to be predictive of poor cardiovascular prognosis, whereby this link might relate to several atherothrombotic processes. Therefore the prevention of PTSD after MI is of high relevance. Guidelines have been published for early interventions to prevent the development of posttraumatic stress after different types of trauma but not in terms of acute MI as a traumatic event.

The overarching aim of the planned trial is to test whether a minimal behavioral intervention performed shortly after acute MI in patients at a high risk to develop PTSD and in the setting of a coronary care unit reduces the development of posttraumatic stress.

The primary hypothesis is that posttraumatic stress levels at the 3-month follow-up will be at least 20% lower in the intervention group than in the control group, and that this effect will last up to 12 months after the intervention. The secondary hypothesis is that the intervention group will show better psychosocial functioning, and a more favourable cardiometabolic biomarker profile than the control group 3 and 12 month after the intervention.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* The inclusion criteria were to be a dyad consisting of a patient diagnosed with heart failure based on the European Society of Cardiology guidelines,
* New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-IV,
* with a partner living in the same household as the patient,
* recently discharged from hospital (i.e. 2-3 weeks) following a heart failure acute exacerbation.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Exclusion criteria for the dyads were dementia, or other severe psychiatric illnesses,
* drug abuse,
* difficulties in understanding or reading the Swedish language,
* undergoing cardiac surgery including cardiac transplant or
* participating in other studies.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age over 18 years
* STEMI (ST-elevated myocardial infarction) or non-STEMI
* Stable circulatory condition
* Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) (0-10): a score of at least 5 for "pain (during MI)" plus a score of at least 5 for "fear of dying (until admission to the CCU)" and/or "making sorrows and feeling helpless (when being told about having MI)"
* Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

* Participating in any other randomized-controlled trial run by the Cardiology Department of the University Hospital of Bern
* Emergency coronary artery bypass graft surgery
* Comorbid serious disease likely to cause death within 1 year
* Current clinically severe depression
* Not fully oriented to the situation, person, and place
* Cognitive impairment according to an adapted short version of the Mini-Mental State Examination
* Insufficient knowledge of German language in reading and understanding
* Affirmation of suicidal ideation in the last two weeks
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with coronary artery disease
* German speaking men and women
* Recent coronary angiogram (\<= 3 months old)
* Depression score (HADS-D) \>= 8
* Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Severe heart failure
* Other acutely life- threatening conditions
* Severe chronic inflammatory disease
* Current suicidal tendency
* Severe depressive episode
* Other severe mental illness.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Recently underwent CABG (combined or redo procedure) at one of 8 Pittsburgh area study hospitals
* A PHQ score greater than 10 OR if nondepressed control, a PHQ score less than 5 at both 2 days post CABG to the date of discharge following CABG and when reassessed 2 weeks after hospital discharge
* Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score greater than or equal to 24
* Able to be evaluated and treated for depression as an outpatient post CABG
* Has a household telephone

Exclusion Criteria:

* Presently in treatment with a mental health specialist
* Actively suicidal
* History of psychotic illness
* History of bipolar illness according to subject self-report and past medical history
* Current alcohol dependence or other substance abuse as evidenced by chart review and the CAGE questionnaire
* Organic mood syndromes, including those secondary to medical illness or drugs
* Presence of non-cardiovascular conditions that are likely to be fatal within 1 year
* Unstable medical condition as indicated by history, physical, and/or laboratory findings
* Previous enrollment in the study cohort
* Non-English speaking, illiterate, or possessing any other communication barrier
* If nondepressed control, current or previous diagnosis or treatment of depression

Answer: B