Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Behavioral Activation for Dementia Caregivers: Scheduling Pleasant Events and Enhancing Communications
Brief Summary: This project was designed to test a model targeted intervention for dementia caregivers telephone program consisting of both psychoeducation and behavioral activation components to reduce the burden of caregivers. The program is delivered by telephone to increase accessibility and sustainability for caregivers.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

They were caregivers aged 25 or above and must have be caring for a care recipient diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease for at least 3 months. They should be the primary caregiver and a spouse, kin (e.g. daughter/son or daughter/son-in-law) or sibling of the care recipient.

Exclusion Criteria:

To ensure intervention fidelity, participants who showed signs of severe intellectual deficits, demonstrate suicidal ideation, exhibit evidence of psychotic disorders, or cannot read or speak fluent Chinese / Cantonese were excluded.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Family caregivers of persons \>65 years of age who have AD and related dementias (ADRD) and MCC (two or more chronic conditions)
* English-speaking
* Family or friends ≥ 18 years of age who provide physical, emotional, or financial care to persons with ADRD and MCC
* Access and able to use a computer (and have an email address).

Exclusion Criteria:

Family caregivers caring for a person with ADRD and MCC who:

* Has died
* Resides in a Long Term Care Facility (nursing home)
* Is hospitalized and designated as restorative care (Alberta) or alternate level of care (Ontario)
C: Inclusion Criteria:

General

* Age 21 years or older
* Ability to read, speak and understand English
* Home location within 50 miles of the study site Caregivers (CG)
* Active primary caregiver of a Person with Dementia (PwD) for at least 6 months and planning to remain the primary caregiver for the next 2 months
* Currently living with the PwD
* CG plans to live in the area for the duration of the study
* Is familiar and comfortable utilizing technology (e.g. computers, tablets, the internet)

Persons with Dementia (PwD)

* CG reports that the PwD exhibits at least one or more behavioral symptoms (any behavior at any frequency)
* PwD receiving psychotropic medication or cognitive enhancers will not be excluded.
* If PwD is on any of four classes of psychotropic medications (antidepressant, benzodiazepines, antipsychotic, or anti-convulsant) or an anti-dementia medication (memantine or a cholinesterase inhibitor), we will require that he/she have been on a stable dose for 60 days prior to enrollment (typical time frame in clinical trials) to minimize possible confounding effects of concomitant medications.
* Clinical diagnosis of dementia (any type) or a score of less than 24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)

Exclusion Criteria:

General

* Inability to read, speak or understand English
* Home location greater than 50 miles from the study site
* Lack of regular access to a telephone Caregivers (CG)
* Reading literacy of less than 6th grade
* Visual impairment to the extent of prohibiting interaction with the tool
* Hearing impairment sufficient to prohibit telephone communication
* Other self-identified mental or physical health issues that would distinctly interfere with the ability to reasonably test the tool or complete behavioral interventions (e.g. substance use disorder, schizophrenia, severe mobility issues)
* Hospitalized more than 3 times in the past year
* Participating in another study to help caregivers care for the person with dementia.

Persons with Dementia (PwD)

* At a terminal phase of illness, unable to respond to the environment or with a life expectancy less than 6 months
* Active suicide risk
* Imminent placement to nursing home (within the next 60 days)
* Hospitalized more than 3 times in the past year
* Currently in another study testing a medication to control behavioral symptoms
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Portuguese adults (≥18 years) (as self-reported and reported by professionals in the referral process);
* Giving consent to participate (Electronic Informed Consent);
* Providing non-paid care for at least 6 months at the time of the recruitment (as self-reported and reported by professionals in the referral process);
* Caring for a person holding a formal diagnosis of dementia (as reported by professionals in the referral process);
* Be skilled to use the internet (as self-reported and reported by professionals in the referral process);
* Experiencing either a clinically relevant level of subjective burden, as determined by a total score ≥ 21 on the Zarit Burden Interview or depression or anxiety symptoms, determined by a score ≥ 8 in at least one of the subscales of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unable to comprehend written Portuguese (as reported by professionals in the referral process);
* Not having access to a device with internet connection at least twice a week (as self-reported and reported by professionals in the referral process);
* Declaring to care for a person in institutional care (e.g. nursing home or continued care unit) (as self-reported and reported by professionals in the referral process).

Answer: A