Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Clinical and Neural Changes Associated With Dialectical Behavioral Therapy in Adolescents With Suicidal Behaviors
Brief Summary: Suicidal behaviors among adolescents represents a public health problem due to its high prevalence and its low predictability. It is also known that brain development continues during adolescence, therefore, a therapeutic intervention during this period might propitiate neural changes that might favor the emotional regulation involved in suicidal behaviors. Dialectical Behavioral Therapy has proved to be effective regarding this problem.

For this reason, the investigators aimed to study the clinical, neuropsychological and neural effects of Dialectical Behavioral Therapy in adolescents with suicidal behaviors.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Aged 15-25 years old
* Suicidal ideation and/or self-injuring behavior
* BPD behavioural trends defined as the cut point for alarming BPD traits (\>38 score) on Exploratory Questionnaire of Personality-III-BPD (CEPER-III-BPD)
* Sufficiently proficient in Spanish to follow the treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Antisocial personality disorder as measured in the Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV Axis II) (SCID-II)
* Substance or alcohol abuse
* High suicidal risk
* Negative expectations to be enrolled in the study as measured \< 35 by the Expectation of Treatment Scale (ETS)
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age between 12 and 18 years,
* Intellectual level over 70 (IQ\>70)
* For the experimental groups:

  * Patients with suicidal behavior:

    * Real attempt,
    * Interrupted attempt,
    * Aborted attempt or behaviors, or
    * Preparation actions (based on the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale -C-SSRS criteria) present during the last 12 months and that persist in the actual moment.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Presence of Acute Psychosis,
* Eating Disorder with an BMI \< 18.5;
* Substance abuse in the current moment or during the last 6 months;
* Any neurological condition that curses with cognitive alterations; and
* Pregnancy.
C: Inclusion Criteria. The adolescent must:

* be 11 to 18 years old;
* self-report an act of self-harm in the past 6 months,
* meet criteria for cut-off on two of the four underlying/maintaining factors (depression, emotion dysregulation, family conflict, substance use), and
* live with at least one parent-figure who agrees to participate in assessments and treatment Participants should be willing and able to participate fully in the protocol (e.g., to accept assignment to either condition, to provide sufficient locator information for follow-up, to allow their treatment sessions to be recorded for fidelity/process assessment and supervision).

Exclusion Criteria. Youth who:

* have a history of DSM V Developmental Disorders, Elective Mutism, Organic Mental Disorders, Schizophrenia, Delusional Disorder, Psychotic Disorder, and Bipolar Affective Disorder.
* are actively in crisis and reporting current ideation with a specific plan and with means to complete the plan.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Meet DSM-IV criteria for BPD
* Between 18-60 years of age
* Have had two parasuicide episodes in the past five years with one occurring in the past 3 months
* Have had OHIP coverage for 1 year or more
* Literate in English
* Provide informed consent to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Current active substance dependence disorder
* Psychotic disorder,bipolar I disorder, or dementia
* Evidence of an organic brain syndrome or mental retardation
* A chronic or serious physical health problem that will require hospitalization within the next year (e.g. cancer)
* A medical condition that would preclude the psychiatric medication regimen in the GPM condition
* Definite plans to leave the province in the next 2 years
* Currently engaged in DBT or GPM at St. Michael's Hospital

Answer: B