Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effects on Oxidative Stress and Platelet Activation of Traditional Cigarettes, E-cigarettes and IQOS Cigarettes: A Randomized in Vivo Study.
Brief Summary: Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes) and new heat-not-burn tobacco products such as IQOS®, an electronic device that heats a cigarette-like stick without combustion, are a modern and technological surrogate of traditional tobacco cigarettes (T-cigarettes), that are entering in the commercial market. While the negative effects of the traditional cigarette are well known, little data are reported in scientific literature on the risks on the health by these new smoking devices. Endothelial dysfunction evaluated by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), oxidative stress and platelet activation have been recognized as a hallmark of preclinical systemic atherosclerosis and as a useful marker to stratify the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients at risk or with established clinically significant atherosclerosis. Since no data are reported about the effects of these new smoking device on oxidative stress, platelet activation and FMD, the investigators designed a human study assessing if these new smoking devices have effects on healthy smokers.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Nicotine-inclusive e-cigarettes; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Electronic Cigarette and behavioural change support. | Arm Label: Nicotine-free e-cigarettes; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: Nicotine-Free Electronic Cigarette and behavioural change support. | Arm Label: Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT); Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Other: Nicotine Replacement Therapy and behavioural change support. | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Electronic Cigarette and behavioural change support.; Assigned to Arm(s): Nicotine-inclusive e-cigarettes | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Nicotine-Free Electronic Cigarette and behavioural change support.; Assigned to Arm(s): Nicotine-free e-cigarettes | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: Nicotine Replacement Therapy and behavioural change support.; Assigned to Arm(s): Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT)
B: Arm Label: Electronic cigarettes; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Other: disposable electronic cigarettes | Intervention Type: OTHER; Name: disposable electronic cigarettes; Assigned to Arm(s): Electronic cigarettes
C: Arm Label: Traditional cigarette; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Smoke | Arm Label: Electronic cigarette; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Smoke | Arm Label: Heat-not-burn tobacco products (IQOS); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Smoke | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Smoke; Assigned to Arm(s): Electronic cigarette, Heat-not-burn tobacco products (IQOS), Traditional cigarette
D: Arm Label: Nicotine; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Smoking cessation program TFC and activity tracker | Arm Label: Nicotine-free; Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Smoking cessation program TFC-free and activity tracker | Arm Label: No-cig; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Smoking cessation program and activity tracker | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Smoking cessation program TFC and activity tracker; Assigned to Arm(s): Nicotine | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Smoking cessation program TFC-free and activity tracker; Assigned to Arm(s): Nicotine-free | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Smoking cessation program and activity tracker; Assigned to Arm(s): No-cig

Answer: C