Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: PACE-iDP: An Intervention for Youth at Risk for Diabetes
Brief Summary: This randomized control study (sponsored by the NIH, NIDDK) is aimed at reducing BMI in overweight adolescents at risk for the development of type 2 diabetes. The study will examine whether an integrated primary care, web and cell-phone-based intervention can produce initial and sustained improvements in anthropometric, behavioral, metabolic, and physiological outcomes in overweight adolescents. The primary goal is to reduce BMI (Body Mass Index)in overweight adolescents.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Suspected stroke or TIA within 24 hours from symptom onset

Exclusion Criteria:

* MRI contraindication
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and/or diabetes mellitus, all of which are treated with medication, measured in the clinic, or confirmed by primary care provider (systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg, low density lipoprotein cholesterol \[LDL-C\] greater than or equal to 130 mg/dL, or fasting blood sugar greater than 125 mg/dL)
* BMI of at least 30 to 50 kg/m2 and weight less than or equal to 400 lbs
* Willing to change diet, physical activity, and weight
* Willing to be randomly assigned to any of the study groups
* Patient of a participating doctor
* Patient self-reports two doctor visits in the 12 months before study entry
* Demonstrated use of Web and e-mail
* Access to Internet at least 4 days per week
* People with the following conditions are eligible to enroll in the study with primary care provider approval:

  1. Diabetes mellitus
  2. Prior cardiovascular disease event more than 6 months before study entry
  3. Known stable cardiovascular disease or peripheral vascular disease
  4. Screen positive on Rose Questionnaire

Exclusion Criteria:

* Heart attack, stroke, or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) procedure in the 6 months before study entry
* Serious medical condition that is likely to hinder accurate measurement of weight, for which weight loss is not advisable, or that would cause weight loss \[e.g., end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis, cancer diagnosis or treatment in the 2 years before study entry\]
* Prior or planned bariatric surgery
* Use of prescription weight loss medication, including off-label drugs (e.g., topiramate, bupropion, byetta) or over-the-counter orlistat in the 6 months before study entry
* Long-term use (in the 6 months before study entry) of medications likely to cause weight gain or prevent weight loss (e.g., corticosteroids, lithium, olanzapine, risperidone, clozapine)
* Unintentional weight loss in the 6 months before study entry (greater than or equal to 5% of body weight)
* Intentional weight loss in the 6 months before study entry (greater than or equal to 5% of body weight)
* Pregnant or breastfeeding in the 6 months before study entry
* Planning to become pregnant in the 2 years after study entry
* Planning to relocate from area in the 2 years after study entry
* Another member of the household is a study participant or study staff member
* Self-reported average consumption of more than 14 alcoholic drinks each week
* Psychiatric hospitalization in the 1 year before study entry
* Unstable angina
* Blood pressure greater than 160/100 mm Hg
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* type 1 diabetes mellitus for ≥ 12 months or more (including C-peptide negative secondary diabetes)
* age \> 18 y.o.
* intensive insulin basal-bolus therapy for ≥ 6 months. At inclusion, patients should be treated, either with a combination of a basal, long-acting insulin and insulin rapid analog before each meal, or with rapid insulin analog delivered with a pump
* chronically uncontrolled diabetes with HbA1c ≥ 8 % during the past 12 months and at inclusion

Exclusion Criteria:

* patient with unstable associated evolutive pathology
* patient who need a more frequent diabetic follow up (than in the protocol)
* patient with a education teaching within the 3 months before inclusion
* patient with a hemoglobinopathy
* patient with toxicomania, alcoholism or psychological troubles
* type 2 diabetes patients
* patient who don't need strict metabolic objectives
* pregnant or parturient women
* person with no freedom (prisoner)
D: Inclusion Criteria:

Criteria for participation in the study include:

* Being overweight (BMI \> 85th percentile for age and sex, weight for height \>85th percentile, or weight \>120% of ideal for height). In addition, at least half of the study participants will have a BMI \> 95th percentile for age and sex. Study participants will have a maximum body weight of 285 pounds.
* Adolescent subjects must also have at least two of the following risk factors:

  * family history of type 2 diabetes in a first-or second-degree relative,
  * race/ethnicity of American Indian, African-American, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, or
  * signs of insulin resistance (acanthosis nigricans, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or polycystic ovarian syndrome).
* In addition, adolescent subjects must be able to read and speak English or Spanish, have access to the Internet at home, school, or work, be reachable at a telephone number, be willing to participate in monthly 90-minute group meetings, have plans to stay in the San Diego area for the one-year study period, and have an English or Spanish speaking parent/guardian also willing to participate in the study.
* Parental consent (obtained in parents primary language) and subject assent is also required.
* Participants must have a parent or guardian agree to enroll who is able to speak and read in English or Spanish, has ongoing access and uses the internet, and plans to reside in San Diego for the length of the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

Subjects will be excluded from participation if they have any of the following conditions:

* Diabetes
* Pregnancy
* Cardiovascular problem, musculoskeletal problem or any medical condition that would limit their ability to comply with physical activity or dietary recommendations.
* Patients in foster care will be ineligible due to difficulty in obtaining follow-up measures.

Answer: D