Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Contingency Management for Persons With Severe Mental Illness
Brief Summary: Contingency management is efficacious for treating cocaine abuse, but contingency management interventions have rarely been applied to patients with severe and persistent mental health problems. This pilot project will estimate effect sizes of contingency management for reducing cocaine use in patients receiving psychiatric care at a large community based mental health program. In total, 30 cocaine abusing patients will be randomized to one of two 8-week treatment conditions: standard care or standard care with contingency management. Patients in both conditions will provide breath and urine samples for toxicology testing twice per week. In the contingency management condition, patients will receive the opportunity to win prizes for submitting cocaine negative urine samples. The investigators expect that patients receiving contingency management will evidence reductions in cocaine use and may show improvements in psychiatric symptoms and psychosocial functioning relative to patients in standard care. Effect size estimates obtained from this study will be used to guide larger scale and longer duration evaluations of contingency management for dually diagnosed patients.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Participants will be recruited by Aboriginal Mental Health Workers - or nominated by mental health staff or the General Practitioner. The treating doctors or local mental health team will be notified of the nomination in each case and, if they have no concerns, the Aboriginal Mental Health Worker will arrange the information and consent session with the research team. The participants will be clients who have a primary chronic mental illness, are aged over 18 years, are able to give informed consent, and are current clients. The diagnoses for inclusion are Schizophrenia, Delusional disorder, Schizoaffective disorder, Drug-induced psychosis, Non-specific psychoses, and Affective disorders. The criteria for chronicity for the purposes of the project are defined by two or more episodes of illness severe enough to require medical intervention and treatment. The carer will be identified by discussion between the client and the Aboriginal Mental Health Worker or Health Worker.

Exclusion Criteria:

People aged less than 18 years, and people with known Intellectual disability or organic brain disorders will be excluded. People with illnesses which have not recurred, or which are not likely to recur will be excluded.

-
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. - Having a first psychotic episode. DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of a psychotic disorder (i.e. schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, bipolar disorder, atypical psychosis, brief psychotic disorder, or major depressive disorder with psychotic symptoms).
2. - Being a regular cannabis user according DSM-IV
3. -Being in remission from the first psychotic episode (not exceeding 5 years).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Presenting organic brain pathology.
2. Presenting mental retardation according to DSM-IV criteria.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* age 18 years or older
* meet DSM-IV criteria for cocaine abuse or dependence
* English speaking
* pass a brief quiz regarding study procedures to ensure understanding of the informed consent process.

Exclusion Criteria:

* dementia
* in recovery from pathological gambling
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder confirmed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorders (SCID).
* Cannabis severity scores of moderate or higher on the Addiction Severity Index (ASI).
* present with significant cognitive disability based on the Cognitive Style and Social Cognition Eligibility Interview
* Intelligence quotient (IQ) greater than 80
* Ability to read and speak fluent English
* Ability to attend weekly treatment sessions in Pittsburgh, PA.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Organic Brain Syndrome
* English Language below a sixth grade level
* Persistent suicidal or homicidal behavior
* comorbid medical disorders producing cognitive impairment
* receipt of substance abuse pharmacotherapies (e.g., naltrexone)

Answer: C