Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Randomized Trial of Ultrasound-guided Radial Artery Cannulation Using Dynamic Short Axis Versus Conventional Long-axis In-plane View in Cardiac Surgery Patients.
Brief Summary: When performing vascular cannulation such as radial artery cannulation, ultrasonography (US) helps proper positioning of the tip of needle in the vascular lumen, which facilitating cannulation of the catheter and successful pressure monitoring. Conventionally, short-axis out-of-plane (SAX) and long-axis in-plane (LAX) views are commonly used method to image the target vessel during cannulation under US guidance. Dynamic needle tip positioning (DNTP) method is newly introduced by one group of investigators who conducted a related study using vascular phantom model.

In DNTP, SAX is used, and additionally, when the needle tip is imaged in the screen as an echogenic point, the practitioner (a) proximally moves the US probe a bit, and then (b) the needle is advanced until the needle tip reappears in the screen. In this manner, the practitioner repeats (a) and (b) until the needle is inserted 1 cm into the lumen of vessel, and then the catheter is inserted to finish the procedure.

DNTP has not been compared to conventional imaging methods. The aim of this trial is to see the effect of DNTP on success rate of the radial artery cannulation at the first attempt, compared to the conventional LAX.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Arterial catheter; Type: OTHER; Interventions: Procedure: Laying a radial or femoral arterial catheter | Arm Label: Placement; Type: OTHER; Interventions: Procedure: Laying a radial or femoral arterial catheter | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Laying a radial or femoral arterial catheter; Assigned to Arm(s): Arterial catheter, Placement
B: Arm Label: Dynamic needle tip positioning; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Dynamic needle tip positioning under ultrasound-guidance | Arm Label: Conventional long-axis; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Conventional long-axis view | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Dynamic needle tip positioning under ultrasound-guidance; Assigned to Arm(s): Dynamic needle tip positioning | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Conventional long-axis view; Assigned to Arm(s): Conventional long-axis
C: Arm Label: Radial access; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Radial Access | Arm Label: State-of-the-art femoral access; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: State-of-the-art femoral access with 18 gauge needle, Procedure: State-of-the-art femoral access with 21 gauge needle | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Radial Access; Assigned to Arm(s): Radial access | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: State-of-the-art femoral access with 18 gauge needle; Assigned to Arm(s): State-of-the-art femoral access | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: State-of-the-art femoral access with 21 gauge needle; Assigned to Arm(s): State-of-the-art femoral access
D: Arm Label: Conventional method (CM); Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Procedure: Radial artery cannulation | Arm Label: Ultrasound guided method (USG); Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Procedure: Radial artery cannulation | Intervention Type: PROCEDURE; Name: Radial artery cannulation; Assigned to Arm(s): Conventional method (CM), Ultrasound guided method (USG)

Answer: B