TrialPanorama/Dataset huggingface dataset:
Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: PROMISE EBF: Promoting Infant Health and Nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Safety and Efficacy of Exclusive Breastfeeding Promotion in the Era of HIV
Brief Summary: The objective of the project is to develop and test an intervention to promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), to assess its impact on infant health in African contexts where a high prevalence of HIV is a barrier, and to strengthen the evidence base regarding the optimal duration for EBF.

Promotion of EBF is the most effective child health intervention currently feasible for implementation at the population level in low-income countries. It can lower infant mortality by 13%, and by an additional 2% were it not for the fact that breastfeeding transmits HIV. Only recently proven to be possible in hot and even dry climates, EBF without even offering water is still little appreciated by mothers or supported by health workers. EBF rates are especially low in Africa but the potential for rapid implementation may be high. A few studies elsewhere suggest that peer counselling can often achieve dramatic increases. Thus the investigators will run the first randomised trial to develop and test models for applying this approach in four African countries and to quantify health benefits, cost-effectiveness, and implications for the health care system.

While experts realize that the HIV threat ought not to present much of a biological constraint to promoting EBF, in heavily affected countries it does represent a cultural constraint. Overcoming this will require the development of a safe and effective means of promoting EBF that is HIV-sensitive by taking into account the need to minimise postnatal HIV transmission.

Another scientific constraint to the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding for six months, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), is uncertainty about its impact on the micronutrient status of infants. In a substudy, the investigators will carefully follow markers of infant micronutrient status to see how they vary by feeding pattern, including EBF, for a longer period than has been examined previously.


Options:
A: Vitamin A status changes (After the intervention, which is approximately 3 months.)
B: intestinal parasitic infections (6 months)
C: childhood mortality rate at age 1-6
D: Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in Burkina Faso (at 3 months of age); Infant Morbidity, 2 Week Diarrhoea Prevalence (at 3 months of age); Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in Uganda (at 3 months of age); Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in South Africa (at 3 months of age)

Answer: D
Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: PROMISE EBF: Promoting Infant Health and Nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Safety and Efficacy of Exclusive Breastfeeding Promotion in the Era of HIV
Brief Summary: The objective of the project is to develop and test an intervention to promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), to assess its impact on infant health in African contexts where a high prevalence of HIV is a barrier, and to strengthen the evidence base regarding the optimal duration for EBF.

Promotion of EBF is the most effective child health intervention currently feasible for implementation at the population level in low-income countries. It can lower infant mortality by 13%, and by an additional 2% were it not for the fact that breastfeeding transmits HIV. Only recently proven to be possible in hot and even dry climates, EBF without even offering water is still little appreciated by mothers or supported by health workers. EBF rates are especially low in Africa but the potential for rapid implementation may be high. A few studies elsewhere suggest that peer counselling can often achieve dramatic increases. Thus the investigators will run the first randomised trial to develop and test models for applying this approach in four African countries and to quantify health benefits, cost-effectiveness, and implications for the health care system.

While experts realize that the HIV threat ought not to present much of a biological constraint to promoting EBF, in heavily affected countries it does represent a cultural constraint. Overcoming this will require the development of a safe and effective means of promoting EBF that is HIV-sensitive by taking into account the need to minimise postnatal HIV transmission.

Another scientific constraint to the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding for six months, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), is uncertainty about its impact on the micronutrient status of infants. In a substudy, the investigators will carefully follow markers of infant micronutrient status to see how they vary by feeding pattern, including EBF, for a longer period than has been examined previously.


Options:
A: Effectiveness of a nutrition advice programme in exclusive breastfeeding. (1 year); Effectiveness of a nutrition advice programme in dietary intake (1 year); Effectiveness of a nutrition advice programme in dietary intake (4 years); Effectiveness of a nutrition advice programme in dietary intake (8 years); Effectiveness of a nutrition advice programme in dietary intake (12 years)
B: Study the effect of a standard two-encounter postnatal lactation counseling protocol on the initiation and maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding in mothers
C: Postpartum weight retention (no more than 1.5 years)
D: Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in Burkina Faso (at 3 months of age); Infant Morbidity, 2 Week Diarrhoea Prevalence (at 3 months of age); Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in Uganda (at 3 months of age); Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in South Africa (at 3 months of age)

Answer: D
Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: PROMISE EBF: Promoting Infant Health and Nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Safety and Efficacy of Exclusive Breastfeeding Promotion in the Era of HIV
Brief Summary: The objective of the project is to develop and test an intervention to promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), to assess its impact on infant health in African contexts where a high prevalence of HIV is a barrier, and to strengthen the evidence base regarding the optimal duration for EBF.

Promotion of EBF is the most effective child health intervention currently feasible for implementation at the population level in low-income countries. It can lower infant mortality by 13%, and by an additional 2% were it not for the fact that breastfeeding transmits HIV. Only recently proven to be possible in hot and even dry climates, EBF without even offering water is still little appreciated by mothers or supported by health workers. EBF rates are especially low in Africa but the potential for rapid implementation may be high. A few studies elsewhere suggest that peer counselling can often achieve dramatic increases. Thus the investigators will run the first randomised trial to develop and test models for applying this approach in four African countries and to quantify health benefits, cost-effectiveness, and implications for the health care system.

While experts realize that the HIV threat ought not to present much of a biological constraint to promoting EBF, in heavily affected countries it does represent a cultural constraint. Overcoming this will require the development of a safe and effective means of promoting EBF that is HIV-sensitive by taking into account the need to minimise postnatal HIV transmission.

Another scientific constraint to the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding for six months, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), is uncertainty about its impact on the micronutrient status of infants. In a substudy, the investigators will carefully follow markers of infant micronutrient status to see how they vary by feeding pattern, including EBF, for a longer period than has been examined previously.


Options:
A: N/A
B: Neurodevelopment as measured by the Protocol for Child Monitoring - Infant and Toddler version assessment (12 months of age)
C: All cause Neonatal Mortality (2 years)
D: Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in Burkina Faso (at 3 months of age); Infant Morbidity, 2 Week Diarrhoea Prevalence (at 3 months of age); Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in Uganda (at 3 months of age); Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in South Africa (at 3 months of age)

Answer: D
Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: PROMISE EBF: Promoting Infant Health and Nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Safety and Efficacy of Exclusive Breastfeeding Promotion in the Era of HIV
Brief Summary: The objective of the project is to develop and test an intervention to promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), to assess its impact on infant health in African contexts where a high prevalence of HIV is a barrier, and to strengthen the evidence base regarding the optimal duration for EBF.

Promotion of EBF is the most effective child health intervention currently feasible for implementation at the population level in low-income countries. It can lower infant mortality by 13%, and by an additional 2% were it not for the fact that breastfeeding transmits HIV. Only recently proven to be possible in hot and even dry climates, EBF without even offering water is still little appreciated by mothers or supported by health workers. EBF rates are especially low in Africa but the potential for rapid implementation may be high. A few studies elsewhere suggest that peer counselling can often achieve dramatic increases. Thus the investigators will run the first randomised trial to develop and test models for applying this approach in four African countries and to quantify health benefits, cost-effectiveness, and implications for the health care system.

While experts realize that the HIV threat ought not to present much of a biological constraint to promoting EBF, in heavily affected countries it does represent a cultural constraint. Overcoming this will require the development of a safe and effective means of promoting EBF that is HIV-sensitive by taking into account the need to minimise postnatal HIV transmission.

Another scientific constraint to the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding for six months, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), is uncertainty about its impact on the micronutrient status of infants. In a substudy, the investigators will carefully follow markers of infant micronutrient status to see how they vary by feeding pattern, including EBF, for a longer period than has been examined previously.


Options:
A: Increased Serum Retinol Concentration (After 6 months of feeding); Decreased Prevalence of Vitamin A deficiency (After 6 months of feeding)
B: intestinal parasitic infections (6 months)
C: Pregnancy-related mortality and all cause mortality (Continuous)
D: Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in Burkina Faso (at 3 months of age); Infant Morbidity, 2 Week Diarrhoea Prevalence (at 3 months of age); Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in Uganda (at 3 months of age); Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in South Africa (at 3 months of age)

Answer: D
Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: PROMISE EBF: Promoting Infant Health and Nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Safety and Efficacy of Exclusive Breastfeeding Promotion in the Era of HIV
Brief Summary: The objective of the project is to develop and test an intervention to promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), to assess its impact on infant health in African contexts where a high prevalence of HIV is a barrier, and to strengthen the evidence base regarding the optimal duration for EBF.

Promotion of EBF is the most effective child health intervention currently feasible for implementation at the population level in low-income countries. It can lower infant mortality by 13%, and by an additional 2% were it not for the fact that breastfeeding transmits HIV. Only recently proven to be possible in hot and even dry climates, EBF without even offering water is still little appreciated by mothers or supported by health workers. EBF rates are especially low in Africa but the potential for rapid implementation may be high. A few studies elsewhere suggest that peer counselling can often achieve dramatic increases. Thus the investigators will run the first randomised trial to develop and test models for applying this approach in four African countries and to quantify health benefits, cost-effectiveness, and implications for the health care system.

While experts realize that the HIV threat ought not to present much of a biological constraint to promoting EBF, in heavily affected countries it does represent a cultural constraint. Overcoming this will require the development of a safe and effective means of promoting EBF that is HIV-sensitive by taking into account the need to minimise postnatal HIV transmission.

Another scientific constraint to the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding for six months, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), is uncertainty about its impact on the micronutrient status of infants. In a substudy, the investigators will carefully follow markers of infant micronutrient status to see how they vary by feeding pattern, including EBF, for a longer period than has been examined previously.


Options:
A: The coverage of the therapeutic nutritional program in the control and intervention health districts (12 months)
B: HIV (Last 3 months); Hypertension (Last 3 months); Asthma (Last 3 months); Diabetes (Last 3 months); Epilepsy (Last 3 months); Mental Health (Last 3 months); Malnutrition (Last 3 months); Tuberculosis (Last 3 months); Family Planning (Last 3 months); Antenatal Care (Last 3 months)
C: Difference in the under-five child mortality rate between the two study arms (36 months)
D: Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in Burkina Faso (at 3 months of age); Infant Morbidity, 2 Week Diarrhoea Prevalence (at 3 months of age); Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in Uganda (at 3 months of age); Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in South Africa (at 3 months of age)

Answer: D
Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: PROMISE EBF: Promoting Infant Health and Nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Safety and Efficacy of Exclusive Breastfeeding Promotion in the Era of HIV
Brief Summary: The objective of the project is to develop and test an intervention to promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), to assess its impact on infant health in African contexts where a high prevalence of HIV is a barrier, and to strengthen the evidence base regarding the optimal duration for EBF.

Promotion of EBF is the most effective child health intervention currently feasible for implementation at the population level in low-income countries. It can lower infant mortality by 13%, and by an additional 2% were it not for the fact that breastfeeding transmits HIV. Only recently proven to be possible in hot and even dry climates, EBF without even offering water is still little appreciated by mothers or supported by health workers. EBF rates are especially low in Africa but the potential for rapid implementation may be high. A few studies elsewhere suggest that peer counselling can often achieve dramatic increases. Thus the investigators will run the first randomised trial to develop and test models for applying this approach in four African countries and to quantify health benefits, cost-effectiveness, and implications for the health care system.

While experts realize that the HIV threat ought not to present much of a biological constraint to promoting EBF, in heavily affected countries it does represent a cultural constraint. Overcoming this will require the development of a safe and effective means of promoting EBF that is HIV-sensitive by taking into account the need to minimise postnatal HIV transmission.

Another scientific constraint to the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding for six months, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), is uncertainty about its impact on the micronutrient status of infants. In a substudy, the investigators will carefully follow markers of infant micronutrient status to see how they vary by feeding pattern, including EBF, for a longer period than has been examined previously.


Options:
A: Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in Burkina Faso (at 3 months of age); Infant Morbidity, 2 Week Diarrhoea Prevalence (at 3 months of age); Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in Uganda (at 3 months of age); Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates in South Africa (at 3 months of age)
B: Change in the prevalence of stunting (<-2 SD of the WHO, 2006 growth reference standards) (6-8, 12-16, 20-24 (main outcome time point), 36 months, 7-10 years)
C: Effectiveness of a nutrition advice programme in exclusive breastfeeding. (1 year); Effectiveness of a nutrition advice programme in dietary intake (1 year); Effectiveness of a nutrition advice programme in dietary intake (4 years); Effectiveness of a nutrition advice programme in dietary intake (8 years); Effectiveness of a nutrition advice programme in dietary intake (12 years)
D: Decayed,missing, and filled tooth surfaces (dmfs) (Over 3 years)

Answer: A
Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Clinical Study Investigating Ischemic Preconditioning in Type II Diabetic Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.
Brief Summary: During coronary artery bypass graft surgery, injury occurs to the heart muscle. Some of this injury is due to the deprivation of oxygen and nutrients to the heart (a process called ischemia) during the surgery itself. The objective of this study is to examine whether remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC), in which the application of transient ischemia to the forearm and thigh (through the inflation of blood pressure cuffs placed on the right upper arm and upper thigh) may reduce the injury to the heart muscle sustained during cardiac surgery.

The study hypothesis is: remote ischemic preconditioning will protect the heart and improve short-term clinical outcomes during coronary artery bypass graft surgery.


Options:
A: cognitive function (preoperative, 1 week and 6 months after surgery)
B: In-hospital death (Postoperative 30 days); Myocardial infarction (Postoperative 30 days); Stroke (Postoperative 30 days); Respiratory failure (Postoperative 30 days); Renal dysfunction (Postoperative 30 days); Renal failure (Postoperative 30 days); Cardiogenic shock (Postoperative 30 days); Gastrointestinal complication (Postoperative 30 days)
C: Troponin-T release over the perioperative 72-hour period. (3 days)
D: Peak CK-MB within 24 hours after surgery (24 hours)

Answer: C
Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Clinical Study Investigating Ischemic Preconditioning in Type II Diabetic Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.
Brief Summary: During coronary artery bypass graft surgery, injury occurs to the heart muscle. Some of this injury is due to the deprivation of oxygen and nutrients to the heart (a process called ischemia) during the surgery itself. The objective of this study is to examine whether remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC), in which the application of transient ischemia to the forearm and thigh (through the inflation of blood pressure cuffs placed on the right upper arm and upper thigh) may reduce the injury to the heart muscle sustained during cardiac surgery.

The study hypothesis is: remote ischemic preconditioning will protect the heart and improve short-term clinical outcomes during coronary artery bypass graft surgery.


Options:
A: Major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (One year post-surgery)
B: Myocardial injury after PCI. (24 hours)
C: Troponin-T release over the perioperative 72-hour period. (3 days)
D: Exercise performance - VO2, exercise time, exercise workload, anaerobic threshold (1 week)

Answer: C
Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Enhancing a Medical Home for Vulnerable Children by Addressing Family Psychosocial Problems at Well-Child Care Visits: THE WE CARE Project
Brief Summary: The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact and feasibility of a practice-based intervention on the discussion and referral of family psychosocial topics at well-child care visits at a medical home for low-income children.


Options:
A: Intimate partner violence (One year)
B: Effectiveness of brief intervention for decreasing problem drinking and partner violence (Weekly for 3 months; then 6 and 12 months)
C: Discussion of family psychosocial problem; Referral of family psychosocial problem; Contacting community resources
D: Quality of Life, Physical Health Composite (at one-year follow-up); Quality of Life, Mental Health Composite (past 30 days)

Answer: C
Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Enhancing a Medical Home for Vulnerable Children by Addressing Family Psychosocial Problems at Well-Child Care Visits: THE WE CARE Project
Brief Summary: The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact and feasibility of a practice-based intervention on the discussion and referral of family psychosocial topics at well-child care visits at a medical home for low-income children.


Options:
A: Intimate partner violence (One year)
B: Decreased Intimate Partner Physical Violence from Baseline to Two-Year Follow-Up. (baseline, one year follow-up, and two year follow-up)
C: Change in Intimate Partner Violence Victimization from Baseline (12 months)
D: Discussion of family psychosocial problem; Referral of family psychosocial problem; Contacting community resources

Answer: D
Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Enhancing a Medical Home for Vulnerable Children by Addressing Family Psychosocial Problems at Well-Child Care Visits: THE WE CARE Project
Brief Summary: The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact and feasibility of a practice-based intervention on the discussion and referral of family psychosocial topics at well-child care visits at a medical home for low-income children.


Options:
A: Reducing children's exposure to Intimate Partner Violence (Baseline (entry into the study), birth of the infant, and 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after the infant's birth.); Patterns of Intimate Partner Violence (Baseline (entry into the study), birth of the infant, and 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after the infant's birth.); Reducing Intimate Partner Violence (Baseline (entry into the study), birth of the infant, and 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after the infant's birth.)
B: Discussion of family psychosocial problem; Referral of family psychosocial problem; Contacting community resources
C: Reduced child abuse and neglect (2002 - 2005)
D: Change from baseline in WHO Quality of Life-BREF at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months (Baseline, 3-, 6-,12-, 18-, and 24-month postpartum)

Answer: B