Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effect of Combined Remote Ischemic Preconditioning and Postconditioning on Acute Pulmonary Injury in Patients Undergoing Valvular Heart Surgery
Brief Summary: Pulmonary dysfunction after cardiac surgery with CPB remains to be a problem complicating the postoperative course of the patients. The investigators hypothesized that RIPCcom, combined intervention of remote ischemic preconditioning and remote ischemic postconditioning, would confer beneficial influence on inflammatory response and resultant postoperative pulmonary dysfunction after CPB in patients undergoing complex valvular heart surgery who are at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary dysfunction.The aim of this study was to evaluate the lung-protective effect of combined remote ischemic pre- and post-conditioning in patients undergoing complex valvular heart surgery.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:vascular surgery with clamping of a femoral artery. -

Exclusion Criteria:

-
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* patients undergoing valvular heart surgery.
* Age: 20\~80.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Emergency operation.
* patients with peripheral vascular disease.
* Patients with a known history or clinical evidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
* Patients with hepatic or renal dysfunction
* Patients with acute myocardial infarction within 1 week before surgery
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age \>= 18 yrs AND Age =\< 80 yrs
* STEMI definition
* Pain to door time \< 6 hrs
* Killip class 1 - 2 - 3
* Initial TIMI flow 0 - 1 in the anterior descending artery
* Signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnancy
* Cardiogenic shock
* Initial TIMI flow 2 - 3 in the anterior descending artery
* History of prior MI in the past 6 months
* History of prior CABG
* History of peripheral vascular disease III - IV grade
* History of abdominal Aortic Aneurysm \> 5 cm
* Severe coronaropathy that could condition further revascularization before the end of the study
* Other relevant medical or surgical conditions that can influence prognosis at 4 months
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Significant ischemic stroke suspicion (NIHSS 1-24) and paresis of an extremity.
* Treatment with rtPa within 4.5 hours from debut of symptoms.
* Age above 18 (changed from 01.01.2010 to no upper age limit)
* Independent in daily living before the acute onset of symptoms. (mrs\</=2)
* MR scan showing DWI lesion, consistent with acute ischemic stroke.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Contraindications for iv rtPA
* Onset of symptoms older than 4.5 hours
* Previous diseases of the brain: Intracranial aneurisms or arteriovenous malformations. Brain surgery or hemorrhagic stroke. Former ischemic stroke within the last 3 months.
* Heart diseases: Infectious endocarditis or suspicion of septic emboli, pericarditis, ventricular thrombosis, aneurisms of the heart wall or major heart failure.
* Serious diseases: Cancer, AIDS, dementia, significant abuse, renal failure, liver diseases such as liver failure, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, active hepatitis.
* Pregnancy
* Major ischemic stroke where the patient is unconscious.(NIHSS \> 25).
* Symptoms suspect for migraine, Multiple sclerosis, TIA or another neurological disease than ischemic stroke.

MR scan:

* Contraindications for MRI scans
* Tumor cerebri, cerebral abscesses
* Known hypersensitivity to Gadovist or any of its ingredients, acute or chronic severe renal impairment (GFR \< 30 ml/min/1.73m2), acute renal insufficiency of any severity due to the hepato-renal syndrome or in the perioperative liver transplantation period.
* Caution with using Gadovist to patients with severe cardiovascular disease, and only to be used after a risk-benefit assessment.
* Caution with using Gadovist in patients with low threshold for seizures.

Lab data:

* Blood glucose \< 2, 8 mmol/l or \> 22 mmol/l

Answer: B