Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: N/A
Brief Summary: The aim of the study is to find out if allergic diseases can be prevented buy giving probiotic bacteria to pregnant mothers and their newborn infants


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant women from families with at least one family member having an allergic disease

Exclusion Criteria:

* Women presenting severe immunological or other chronic diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, thyroid diseases, malignancies etc.)
* Women who cannot be expected to comply with treatment
* Women currently participating or having participated in other clinical trial during the last 2 months prior to the beginning of the intervention.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* An informed consent has been signed by the parents.
* The child is at least one year old and has not had his 4th birthday at the beginning of the study
* The child is healthy.
* The child attends child care center at least 5 days a week, \> 4 hours per day.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Was born preterm.
* Had a birth weight \<2,500 g.
* Has congenital anomalies.
* Has a structural abnormality of the digestive tract or previous significant gastrointestinal surgery.
* Has chronic disease or malignancy.
* Has a serious, unstable medical condition.
* Is Failure to Thrive (FTT) (\<5th percentile of ideal body weight).
* Has an allergy or atopic disease.
* Has an allergy or intolerance to milk/dairy products.
* Has an established diagnosis of lactase deficiency.
* Is predisposed to infection (i.e., compromised immune system, HIV-AIDS, active bacterial disease, under steroid treatment).
* Received antibiotic treatment or intentionally consumes probiotic products during the preceding 4 weeks. (If the subject was on antibiotics before the beginning of the study or probiotics, a washout period of 2 weeks is required.)
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Children aged 2-6 years, both inclusive, at the time of informed consent
2. No URTI at the time of inclusion as assessed by a GP
3. Attending day-care with at least 10 children or primary school with at least 10 children in the class for at least 20 hours a week
4. Generally healthy as determined by a GP
5. Guardian consents to participate in the study and to comply with all its procedures

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Any known concomitant chronic infections, chronic systemic diseases, autoimmune diseases (e.g. asthma), immunodeficiency, metabolic diseases, chronic respiratory tract diseases including respiratory allergies and cystic fibrosis, congenital cardiac defects.
2. Suspected or challenge-proved food allergy
3. Use of any prescribed immune suppressive medications at enrolment
4. Use of oral or IV antibiotics in the 1 month before randomisation
5. Not willing to exclude pre/pro/synbiotics during the study
6. Intake of Echinacea, high dose vitamins or Zinc four weeks before and during the study period.
7. Language limitations regarding interviews or questionnaires
8. Participation in other clinical studies in the last 2 months
9. Planning extensive travel (for \>1 month) during the duration of the study
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* mother or father fo child with doctor diagnoses allergic disease

Exclusion Criteria:

* prematurity, major malformations

Answer: D