Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomised Control Trial Assessing the Effects of an Intermediate Care Package in Preventing Hospitalisation of Elderly Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Brief Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a term used for the conditions of chronic bronchitis and emphysema, diseases that are very common among the elderly and diseases that account for up to15% of all general medical admissions to National Health Service Hospitals. In a recent report on emergency admissions to acute hospitals in London, the King's Fund concluded that taking better care of elderly patients with COPD could reduce pressures on acute hospitals, and suggested that identification of vulnerable patients with lung disease and "pro-active," rather than "reactive," management might reduce the chances of hospitalisation. In this study, the investigators wish to compare a group of patients with COPD who are managed in the normal way, with another group of patients with COPD who receive all interventions known to be of some benefit to those with this condition. This will include a pulmonary rehabilitation programme, intensive education regarding self care, targeted advice to their general practitioners regarding how best to manage COPD, and regular contact with specialist respiratory nurses who will support the patients in their own homes by a combination of home visits and telephone contact. The value of such a comprehensive intervention will be studied, in terms of both its ability to reduce admissions to the hospital and its impact on quality of life.


Options:
A: Arm Label: usual care; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: care at initiative of the patient (usual GP care) | Arm Label: monitoring controls; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: regular practice nurse review (monitoring controls) | Arm Label: self-management; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: an integrated self-management education program | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: an integrated self-management education program; Assigned to Arm(s): self-management | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: regular practice nurse review (monitoring controls); Assigned to Arm(s): monitoring controls | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: care at initiative of the patient (usual GP care); Assigned to Arm(s): usual care
B: Arm Label: 1; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: case management | Arm Label: 2; Type: OTHER; Interventions: Behavioral: usual care | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: case management; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: usual care; Assigned to Arm(s): 2
C: Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Intermediate care package; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A
D: Arm Label: 1 Intervention group; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Supported self management training and support | Arm Label: 2; Type: NO_INTERVENTION; Interventions: Behavioral: Supported self management training and support | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Supported self management training and support; Assigned to Arm(s): 1 Intervention group, 2

Answer: C