Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Effects of a 12-week Stair Climbing Regimen on Arterial Stiffness, BP and Leg Strength in Stage-1 Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women
Brief Summary: We used a parallel experimental design. Following an initial screening and familiarization session of study tests and procedures, eligible postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to a stair climbing (SC) group or non-exercising control group. SC training session was progressive program, and was performed 4 days a week for 12 weeks. Measurements were collected at baseline and after 12 weeks during the same time of day (±1 hour) in the morning following an overnight fast and abstinence from caffeinated drinks, alcohol, and between 48 and 72 hours after the last exercise session.


Options:
A: 1. Subjects with NAFLD determined by MRS ;
2. Age 40-65 years old;
3. Waist circumference\> 90cm for men and \> 85cm for women.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Stage-1 hypertension
* Postmenopausal

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pulmonary, renal, adrenal, pituitary, severe psychiatric, thyroid, or cardiovascular disease other than stage-1 systolic hypertension (140-159 mmHg)
* Hormone replacement therapy during the 6 months prior the study
* Smoker or having any medication changes in the previous year
* Experience with psychological and physical therapy in the previous year
* History of steady exercise or exercise training in the last year
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* age 18 to 80
* normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance, or type 2 diabetes (as evidenced by use of oral hypoglycemic medication or 2-hour OGTT glucose \> 11.1 mmol/l)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Insulin treatment or type 1 diabetes
* BMI \<19 or \>40
* Physically active
* Undergoing weight-loss/gain
* Pregnancy
* Contraindication to exercise (ECG/CPX)
* Significant cardiovascular disease
* History of renal/hepatic/gastrointestinal/pulmonary disease
* Clotting or bleeding disorders
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and older as defined according to the United Nations standard numerical criterion (World Health Organization, 2016);
2. previously sedentary (i.e. engaged in less than 20 minutes per week of regular physical activity for the past month and \< 125 minutes/week of moderate intensity physical activity) (Stevens et al., 1998). Moderate intensity activity that is noticeable accelerates the heart rate and is equal to approximately 3-6 metabolic equivalents (METs) (American College of Sports Medicine, 2013);
3. at risk of feeling socially isolated or lonely (indicated by a score of 6 or higher out of 9) on the 3-item loneliness scale for the phone screening by Hughes et al. (2004) (Appendix 1 - Phone-based eligibility screening form);
4. physically mobile as measured using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) (Guralnik et al., 1994) with a score ≥ 9 out of 12 (Pahor et al., 2014);
5. healthy or having one or more common chronic diseases but ambulatory;
6. without a cognitive disability as assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) (Nasreddine et al., 2005) with a score ≥ 22 out of 30 (Freitas et al., 2013);
7. able to give written informed consent;
8. English speaking and able to complete paper and pencil questionnaires.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. not community-dwelling older adults 60 years or over;
2. not previously sedentary;
3. currently taking part in another physical activity intervention;
4. not at risk for feeling socially isolated or lonely (i.e. score of less than 6 (out of 9) on the 3-item loneliness scale for the phone screening by Hughes et al., (2004);
5. moderate to severe cognitive disability or clinical diagnosis of dementia;
6. physical disability (i.e. SPPB score less than 9);
7. severe frailty or any chronic health condition that precludes participation in the physical activity intervention and significantly limits the physical mobility of the participant (i.e. hospital settings/ non-ambulatory regime);
8. cognitive disability (i.e. less than 14 points on MOCA);
9. not able to give written informed consent;
10. not English speaking that precludes taking pen and paper tests.

Answer: B