Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Incidence of Sleep-disordered Breathing and Upper Airway Collapsibility in Postpartum Patients and Its Intervention
Brief Summary: The investigators hypothesized that sleeping in a 45 degrees elevated body position decreases the likelihood of upper airway vulnerability to collapse early after delivery. Furthermore, the investigators want to elucidate the anatomical and physiological risk factors that contribute in the upper airway obstruction in post-partum patients.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* First ever stroke
* Any Sleep Apnea symptom
* Hypertension

Exclusion Criteria:

* Aphasia
* Cognitive impairment
* Hypersomnolence
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 years and older.
* Ability to speak, read and write Dutch.
* Ability to follow up.
* Ability to use a computer with internet connection and windows-software for uploading data and online questionnaires.
* Diagnosis with symptomatic mild or moderate OSA (5 \< AHI \< 30).
* Diagnosis of 10 to 90% supine position during the night.
* AHI supine is \>2 times as high as AHI non-supine.
* Expected to maintain current lifestyle (sports, medicine, diet etc.).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Many dental problems; insufficient teeth for wearing OAT.
* Medication used/ related to sleeping disorders.
* Central Sleep Apnoea Syndrome.
* Night or shifting work.
* Severe chronic heart failure.
* Medical history of known causes of tiredness by day or severe sleep disruption (insomnia, PLMS, Narcolepsy).
* Seizure disorder.
* Known medical history of mental retardation, memory disorders or psychiatric disorders.
* Patients with old type of pacemakers (It is possible that old types of peacemakers are not compatible with the electromagnetic radiation of the electronics of the SPT).
* Shoulder, neck and back complaints.
* Reversible morphological upper airway abnormalities (e.g. enlarged tonsils).
* Inability to provide informed consent.
* Simultaneous use of other treatment modalities to treat OSA.
* Previous treatment for OSA with OAT or SPT
* Pregnancy.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Postpartum mothers within 48 hours of delivery in a major academic teaching hospital.
2. Age over 18 years.
3. Admitted to the Massachusetts General Hospital OB service for the delivery.
4. Interventions will be randomly assigned to the patients enrolled in this study

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Age under 18 years.
2. History of pre-existing pulmonary and cardiac diseases, including bronchial asthma, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive lung disease, neck and chest tumors (thyroid, mediastinal, etc.), irradiation to the neck and/or chest, and congenital airway deformities, other critically-ill conditions.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* patients with supine dependent Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) after Mandibular Advancement Device (MAD) Therapy: Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) supine ≥ 2x AHI non supine
* 5 \< AHI \< 50/h sleep on polysomnography (PSG) with MAD in situ
* ≥ 20% supine position during PSG with the MAD in situ
* AHI non-supine \< 10/h en AHI supine ≥ 10/h on PSG with MAD in situ
* Unchanged Body Mass Index (BMI)(BMI ± 1 kg/m²) at moment of inclusion compared to BMI at baseline PSG

Exclusion Criteria:

* age \< 18 years

Answer: C