Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Lopinavir/Ritonavir/Combivir vs. Abacavir/Zidovudine/Lamivudine for Virologic Efficacy and the Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission Among Breastfeeding Women With CD4 Counts Greater Than or Equal to 200 Cells/mm3 in Botswana
Brief Summary: Anti-HIV drug regimens have dramatically improved the rates of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV in developed countries. However, little is known of the effectiveness of such regimens in developing countries, such as Botswana. This study will determine whether Trizivir (TZV), a single pill containing abacavir sulfate, lamivudine, and zidovudine (ABC/3TC/ZDV), or lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) and lamivudine/zidovudine (3TC/ZDV) is more effective in reducing HIV-1 viral load and preventing MTCT among HIV infected pregnant women in Botswana.


Options:
A: Inclusion criteria:

* Adults with documented HIV-1 infection.
* Past use of HIV drugs must have been less than 15 days.
* Plasma HIV-1 RNA between 500 and 20,000 copies/mL.
* CD4+ cell count greater than 100 cells/mm3.
* Willing/able to provide written informed consent.

Exclusion criteria:

* Have AIDS at screening.
* Pregnant or breastfeeding.
* Underlying medical conditions considered to be significant for this protocol.
* Participating in other investigational drug trials.
* In the opinion of the investigator, would be unable to complete 48 weeks of dosing.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Mothers must be no more than 34 weeks pregnant, intending to carry to term, intending to stay in area for at least 7 months, and consenting to HIV-1 testing and participation; HIV-1 infected by ELISA confirmed by Western blot; etc.
C: Inclusion criteria:

* Infected with documented HIV-1.
* Subjects are Abacavir-naive (subjects can be antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive or experienced).
* All subjects must have a clinical need for treatment with Abacavir (ABC) or an ABC-containing product that precedes the decision to participate in the study.
* If subjects are therapy naive they must meet the criteria for commencing HAART according to local guidelines.
* ABC and ABC-containing products are not recommended during pregnancy. A female is eligible to enter and participate in the study if she is of:

  1. Non-child-bearing potential: women who are surgically sterile or post-menopausal, the latter indicated by history of no menses for a minimum of 1 year from the date of the screening visit.
  2. Child-bearing potential: women who provide a negative pregnancy test (beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin; beta-HCG) at Screening and who agree to one of the following methods of contraception (any contraception method must be used consistently and correctly, i.e., in accordance with both the approved product label and the instructions of a physician, during the study period and through epicutaneous patch testing where appropriate):
* Complete abstinence from intercourse from 4 weeks prior to administration of the ABC-containing compound, throughout the study, and for at least 4 weeks after discontinuation of ABC or ABC-containing product.
* Double barrier method (e.g., male condom/spermicide, male condom/diaphragm, diaphragm/spermicide). Hormonal contraceptives will not be considered sufficient forms of contraception for this study.
* Any intrauterine device with published data showing that the expected failure rate is \<1% per year.
* Sterilisation (male partner of female subject).

Exclusion criteria:

* Has previously received ABC-containing therapy.
* Satisfies any contraindications or restrictions to ABC therapy as listed in the product labels. Treatment with ABC must be in line with the recommendations of the product label.
* The subject or any of their healthcare providers is aware of the subjects HLA type.
* Has undergone an allogeneic bone marrow transplant.
* Has an active or acute CDC Clinical Category C event at screening. Treatment for the acute event must have been completed at least 30 days prior to Screening.
* Current severe illness, including liver and renal failure, major organ allograft, malignancy requiring parenteral chemotherapy that can not be discontinued for the duration of the trial, or any other conditions which, in the opinion of the Investigator, would make the patient unsuitable for the study.
* Any laboratory abnormality at Screening which, in the opinion of the Investigator, should preclude the subject's participation in the study.
* Pregnant women or women who are breastfeeding.
* Any immunisation within 30 days prior to Day 1.
* Subject is, in the opinion of the Investigator, unable to complete the 6 week Observation period and the EPT assessments as required.
* Subject requires treatment with radiation therapy or cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents within 28 days prior to Screening, or has an anticipated need for these agents within the study period.
* Subject is enrolled in one or more investigational drug/vaccine protocols.
* In France, an eligible subject is neither affiliated with nor a beneficiary of a social security category.
* A subject will not be eligible for progression to Baseline (Day 1) if any of the following criteria apply:
* A positive result for HLA-B\*5701 in those subjects randomised to the genetic screening arm.
D: Inclusion Criteria for Mothers:

* HIV-infected
* At least at 26th week of pregnancy (treatment group) or 18th week of pregnancy (observational group) but not beyond the 34th week of pregnancy
* Able to complete study visits until at least 6 months postpartum
* Citizen of Botswana

Exclusion Criteria for Mothers:

* Taken ARVs for more than 1 week, other than ZDV, during current or prior pregnancy. Women who have received single-dose NVP in a prior pregnancy are not excluded.
* Certain abnormal laboratory values
* Plan to formula feed
* Known fetal abnormalities that suggest the fetus will not survive to 6 months of gestational age
* Known allergy or medical contraindication to any of the study drugs
* Require certain medications
* Previous participation in the "Prevention of Milk-Borne Transmission of HIV-1C in Botswana" (Mashi) study
* Currently incarcerated

Answer: D