Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: PACE-iDP: An Intervention for Youth at Risk for Diabetes
Brief Summary: This randomized control study (sponsored by the NIH, NIDDK) is aimed at reducing BMI in overweight adolescents at risk for the development of type 2 diabetes. The study will examine whether an integrated primary care, web and cell-phone-based intervention can produce initial and sustained improvements in anthropometric, behavioral, metabolic, and physiological outcomes in overweight adolescents. The primary goal is to reduce BMI (Body Mass Index)in overweight adolescents.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age between 15 and 18 years (inclusive)
* Male or female of Chinese ethnicity
* Body mass index \>/= 95th percentile of Hong Kong local age- and sex-specific reference
* No major medical illness
* Not on any chronic medications
* Post-pubertal as ascertained by clinical assessment by endocrinologist
* Willingness to give written informed consent by participants and his/her parents/guardian

Exclusion criteria:

* Concurrent participation in any clinical trial, dietary intervention or weight loss program
* Concomitant intake of weight reducing agent
* Active and uncontrolled endocrine diseases including hypo- or hyperthyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, diabetes mellitus, etc.
* Significant renal impairment, defined as serum creatinine \>150 umol/L and/or estimated glomerular filtration rate \<60ml/min/1.73m2
* Significant liver impairment, defined as \>2 times upper limit of alanine aminotransferase and asparate aminotransferase levels
* Gastrointestinal problems that would prevent them from following the test diets
* Active malignant disease
* Pregnant or lactating
* Any medical illness or condition including known non-compliance, as judged by the investigators as ineligible to participate the study
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* patients from POC/HSM
* aged between 12 and 18 years
* BMI percentile ≥ 95th
* internet access at least once a week

Exclusion Criteria:

* presence of severe psychopathology
* inability to communicate in writing
* pregnancy
* having been proposed for bariatric surgery
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* child aged between 12.0 and 17.0 years,
* child BMI =/\> 98th percentile,
* first language is English (or fluent in English)
* parent/s willing to participate in the programme with their child
* completion of written informed consent and/or assent prior to any study-specific procedures

Exclusion Criteria:

* severe intellectual difficulties,
* obesity secondary to genetic condition,
* limitations to engaging in physical activity
* use of medication known to effect body weight;
* limitations to using a smartphone device
* known family issues that would affect general compliance and attendance at follow-up visits.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

Criteria for participation in the study include:

* Being overweight (BMI \> 85th percentile for age and sex, weight for height \>85th percentile, or weight \>120% of ideal for height). In addition, at least half of the study participants will have a BMI \> 95th percentile for age and sex. Study participants will have a maximum body weight of 285 pounds.
* Adolescent subjects must also have at least two of the following risk factors:

  * family history of type 2 diabetes in a first-or second-degree relative,
  * race/ethnicity of American Indian, African-American, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, or
  * signs of insulin resistance (acanthosis nigricans, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or polycystic ovarian syndrome).
* In addition, adolescent subjects must be able to read and speak English or Spanish, have access to the Internet at home, school, or work, be reachable at a telephone number, be willing to participate in monthly 90-minute group meetings, have plans to stay in the San Diego area for the one-year study period, and have an English or Spanish speaking parent/guardian also willing to participate in the study.
* Parental consent (obtained in parents primary language) and subject assent is also required.
* Participants must have a parent or guardian agree to enroll who is able to speak and read in English or Spanish, has ongoing access and uses the internet, and plans to reside in San Diego for the length of the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

Subjects will be excluded from participation if they have any of the following conditions:

* Diabetes
* Pregnancy
* Cardiovascular problem, musculoskeletal problem or any medical condition that would limit their ability to comply with physical activity or dietary recommendations.
* Patients in foster care will be ineligible due to difficulty in obtaining follow-up measures.

Answer: D