Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Four-Week, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Multicenter Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of AF-219 in Female Subjects With Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS)
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of gefapixant (AF-219/MK-7264) in female participants with moderate to severe pain associated with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) after 4 weeks of treatment.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Adults with age of 20 years old or above
2. Patients with symptoms of unpleasant sensation (pain, pressure, discomfort) perceived to be related to the urinary bladder, associated with lower urinary tract symptoms of more than six months duration, in the absence of infection or other identifiable causes
3. Patients has received cystoscopy and ruled out other bladder lesion
4. Free of active urinary tract infection
5. Free of bladder outlet obstruction on enrollment
6. Free of overt neurogenic bladder dysfunction and limitation of ambulation
7. Patient or his/her legally acceptable representative has signed the written informed consent form

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients had received intravesical hyaluronic acid treatment in recent 3 months, or intravesical Botox injection in recent 12 months Patients with severe cardiopulmonary disease and such as congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, poorly controlled hypertension, not able to receive regular follow-up
2. Patients with bladder outlet obstruction on enrollment
3. Patients with PVR \>100 ml
4. Patients with uncontrolled confirmed diagnosis of acute urinary tract infection
5. Patients have laboratory abnormalities at screening including: alanine aminotransferase (ALT)\> 3 x upper limit of normal range, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) \> 3 x upper limit of normal range
6. Patients have abnormal serum creatinine level \> 2 x upper limit of normal range
7. Female patients who is pregnant, lactating, or with child-bearing potential without contraception
8. Patients with any other serious disease considered by the investigator not in the condition to enter the trial
9. Patients had received intravesical treatment for IC within recent 1 month
10. Patients had participated investigational drug trial within 1 month before entering this study
11. Patients with coagulopathy
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* female and male patients who have failed to respond to previous therapies for interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome
* male patients who have failed to respond to previous therapies for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome

Exclusion Criteria:

* neurologic disorder affecting bladder
* bladder cancer, prostate cancer, or urethral cancer
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients reporting non-cyclical CPP with dyspareunia and associated PFD with no palpable pelvic floor pathology, but with palpable high pelvic floor muscle (PFM) tone and tenderness will be referred for physiotherapy by the gynaecology team.
* Visceral conditions like interstitial cystitis are difficult to exclude at gynaecology review, as they mimic CPP symptoms.
* Smokers and non-smokers included.
* Nulliparous, singleton and multiparous patients.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Body mass index greater than 30, makes it difficult to dry needle as the required needle length is not available.
* Chronic back pain over 6 months duration, under pain management team.
* Orthopaedic back surgeries with implants.
* Pelvic pathologies like endometriosis, fibroids, cysts, etc.
* Pregnancy related pelvic pain.
* Pregnant during the trial.
* Pelvic organ carcinomas.
* Undergoing cancer treatment.
* Post gynaecology surgeries, less than 16 weeks.
* Cardiovascular, gastroenterology, renal or orthopaedic surgery, less than 6 month's post-operative.
* Neurological conditions like stroke, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease etc.
* Exclusion criteria for dry needling:
* Extreme needle phobia, Rheumatoid arthritis, prolonged corticosteroid treatment, warfarin treatment, heart implants and blood clotting disorders.
* Participant with no significant learning disability and should be able to understand the procedure to consent for treatment.
* Participant should not require a chaperone during treatment.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Women
* Women of child bearing potential must not be pregnant during the study and must use two forms of birth control
* Clinical evidence of Interstitial Cystitis /Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS)
* Have provided written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of diseases that can be confused for IC/BPS
* Unable to void spontaneously
* Immunosuppressant, intravesicular, nerve stimulator or opioid treatment for certain periods prior to start of the study
* Changes to doses of Elmiron®, antidepressant, alpha-adrenergic antagonist, H1 antagonist, or anti-muscarinic treatment within a certain period prior to the start of the study

Answer: D