Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block in Proximal End Femur Fractures, Does it Make a Difference?
Brief Summary: Fracture femur is a common injury which is associated with excruciating pain. Positioning for neuraxial blocks is always challenging because even slight overriding of the fracture ends is intensely painful .It can causing major patient distress which accompanied by well-known physiological sequelae such as sympathetic activation causing tachycardia, hypotension, and increased cardiac work that may compromise high-risk cardiac patients.

Fascia iliaca compartment block is highly effective in blocking lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh and femoral nerve. Fascia iliaca compartment block is not only easy to perform but it is also associated with minimal risk as the local anesthetic is injected at a safe distance from the femoral artery and femoral nerve. It is always safe to perform the fascia iliaca compartment block prior to spinal anesthesia as the patient can respond during administration of the local anesthetic and can prevent intra-neuronal injections


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) score I and II
* Elective surgery of repair of unilateral, single femoral fracture under spinal anaesthesia performed in General Operation Theatre, Hospital Kuala Lumpur. The fracture may involve femoral neck or femoral shaft.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patient with contraindication for spinal anaesthesia
* Known hypersensitivity or contraindication to medication used in this study
* Morbid obesity (body mass index (BMI) \> 35 kg/m2)
* Infection at the intended site of administration of fascia iliaca compartment block
* Patient with impaired cognitive function
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status I to III
* Patients scheduled for fixation for proximal end femur fracture

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients refusal
* Morbid obese patients (BMI\>40)
* Bleeding diathesis
* Previous femoral bypass surgery
* Inguinal hernia
* Inflammation/infection over injection site
* Peripheral neuropathy
* Allergy to local anesthetics agents used.
* Severely altered consciousness level
* Psychiatric disorders
* Polytrauma
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Female ASA physical status 1-3 scheduled for total hip arthroplasty
* Age 18-80 years old
* Able to participate personally or by legal representative in informed consent in English or Spanish

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of relevant drug allergy
* Age less than 18 or greater than 80 years
* Chronic opioid use or drug abuse
* Significant psychiatric disturbance
* Inability to understand the study protocol
* Refusal to provide written consent
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients aged \>70 years with femoral neck fracture, and admission in ED from Monday to Friday (from 8.00 am to 20.00 pm)
* American society of anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical status classification I-III
* Signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* ASA\>3
* Contraindications to the regional anesthesia
* Patients allergic to one or more drugs used in the study
* Patients who are unable or refuse to provide informed consent
* Patients who show a cognitive impairment or signs of confusion or delirium already on arrival in ED
* Patients with access to ED Outside the times set in the inclusion criteria
* Postoperative ICU admission
* Patients with Hb \< 8 mg/dl at admission

Answer: B