Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Multicenter Study of Immediate Postoperative Instillation of Gemcitabine in Patients With Superficial Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder
Brief Summary: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 3 multicenter study to assess the efficacy and safety of intravesical instillation of gemcitabine versus placebo immediately after transurethral resection of the bladder tumor.


Options:
A: 1. Patients with bladder cancer in follow-up for tumor recurrence (Note: Patients must be included only at the first surveillance cystoscopy after a histologically confirmed tumor. The histologically confirmed tumor could either be from a TURB or from a surveillance cystoscopy where a biopsy was taken and a tumor was confirmed by histology)
2. History of one or more of the following:

   * Multiple tumors
   * Recurrent tumors
   * High grade tumor(s)

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Gross haematuria. (Note: Gross haematuria is defined as a heavy bladder bleed resulting in significant amounts of blood in the urine, which may visually limit cystoscopy. Where the haematuria is light, the patient should not be excluded, if in the investigator's opinion, rinsing and/or electro-cautery during cystoscopy will alleviate the haematuria limitations to cystoscopy)
2. Patients who cannot undergo in-office or operating room cystoscopy (Note: Training patients are eligible even if they cannot undergo operating room cystoscopy)
3. Patients who have received Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy or intravesical chemotherapy within the past 6 weeks prior to the procedure
4. Porphyria
5. Known allergy to hexaminolevulinate hydrochloride or a similar compound
6. Pregnancy or breast-feeding (all women of child-bearing potential must document a negative urine pregnancy test before study inclusion and use adequate contraception during the study
7. Participation in other clinical studies with investigational drugs either concurrently or within the last 30 days
8. Patient is the investigator or any sub investigator, research assistant, pharmacist, study coordinator, other staff or relative thereof directly involved in the conduct of the protocol
9. Patients that the investigator believes are unlikely to comply with the protocol, e.g. mental condition rendering the patient unable to understand the nature, scope, and possible consequences of participating in the clinical study, uncooperative attitude or unlikelihood of completing the study
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with suspicion of non-invasive bladder cancer indicated for a transuretheral resection of the bladder
* Above 18 years
* Written informed consent obtained

Exclusion Criteria:

* Gross hematuria. (Note: Gross hematuria is defined as a heavy bladder bleed resulting in marked amounts of blood in the urine, which may interfere with fluorescence cystoscopy. Where the bleed is light, the patient should not be excluded if in the investigator's opinion, rinsing during cystoscopy will alleviate the possible interference with fluorescence cystoscopy).
* Patient with porphyria.
* Known allergy to hexyl aminolevulinate hydrochloride or a similar compound.
* Participation in other clinical studies with investigational drugs either concurrently or within the last 30 days.
* Pregnant or breast-feeding (all women of child-bearing potential must document a negative serum or urine pregnancy test at screening and use the contraceptive pill or intrauterine device (IUD) during the treatments and for at least one month thereafter).
* Conditions associated with a risk of poor protocol compliance.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. sign an informed consent for the study
2. be scheduled for a TURBT for suspected non-muscle invasive bladder tumor.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. patients unable to consent for themselves
2. individuals under 18 years old
3. pregnant women
4. prisoners
5. patients with known allergy or intolerance to the mitomycin C or Gemcitabine
6. any other sound medical, psychiatric and/or social reason as determined by the investigator.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Clinical evidence of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder
* Males or females at least 18 years of age
* Karnofsky Performance Status greater than or equal to 70%
* Patient compliance and geographic proximity that allow adequate follow-up
* Female patients with reproductive potential must use a reliable contraceptive method if appropriate (for example, intrauterine device \[IUD\], birth control pills, or barrier device) during the study. Female patients with reproductive potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days of study enrollment.
* Signed informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Clinical evidence of muscle-invasive or locally advanced bladder cancer
* Clinical evidence of upper urinary tract tumor
* Distant metastases
* Other malignancies within the last 2 years, except non-melanotic skin tumors, carcinoma in situ of the cervix or organ-confined prostate cancer after curative therapy
* Severe concomitant psychiatric disease
* Febrile, active infection
* Other serious concomitant disorders that would compromise the safety of the patient or his/her ability to complete the study according to the protocol, at the discretion of the investigator (for example, unstable angina pectoris, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus)

Answer: D