Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Effects of Dietary Glycemic Index on Brain Function
Brief Summary: The investigators propose examine the effects of the dietary factor glycemic index (GI) on brain areas that control food intake and hunger. This knowledge could help design dietary approaches that decrease hunger, and thus promote new weight loss strategies.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria

* Body mass index (BMI) between 27 and 40 kg/m2
* Weight stable for last 2 months
* Not actively on a weight loss plan
* No plans to move from the area over the next 2 years
* Willing to accept random assignment

Exclusion Criteria

* Pregnant or breastfeeding
* Within 6 months of giving birth or planning to become pregnant in the next 2 years
* Diabetes (type 1 or 2) or history of gestational diabetes
* Renal or liver disease, active neoplasms, or recent myocardial infarction
* Hyper- or hypothyroidism
* Lipid lowering medications or medications known to affect weight/energy expenditure
* Excessive alcohol intake (self-reported, \> 3 drinks/day)
* Postmenopausal, including surgical menopause
* Currently under psychiatric care or severely clinically depressed (\> 17 on Beck Inventory)
B: Inclusion criteria

1. Males age 18 to 35 years
2. BMI less than or equal to 25 for age and gender

Exclusion criteria

1. weight \> 300 lbs
2. largest body circumference \> 144cm
3. body shape incompatible with MRI scanner or equipment
4. MRI exclusion criteria
5. large fluctuations in body weight (5% over preceding 6 months, 2.5% during the study)
6. known medical problems that may affect metabolism or hormones
7. diabetes mellitus (fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL)
8. other abnormal laboratory screening tests
9. taking any medications or dietary supplements that might affect body weight, appetite, or energy expenditure
10. smoking or illicit substance abuse
11. high levels of physical activity (\>30 minutes per day, \> 4days per week)
12. currently following a weight loss diet
13. allergies or intolerance to eggs, vanilla extract, equal, canola oil, milk, cornstarch, corn syrup
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Families with healthy adults and children

Exclusion Criteria:

* Various
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age: \> 18 years of age
* Women: Pre-menopausal (self-report) and \<50 years of age
* Men: \<50 years of age
* BMI (body mass index): 27-40 kg/m2 (need to lose \>10% body weight to achieve healthy BMI)
* Body weight stable for the last two months, and not actively on a weight loss plan
* No plans to move from the area over the next two years
* Available and able to participate in the evaluations and intervention for the study period
* Willing to accept random assignment
* To enhance study generalizability, people on medications not noted below as specific exclusions can
* participate if they have been stable on such medications for at least three months
* Ability and willingness to give written informed
* No known active psychiatric illness

Exclusion Criteria:

Subjects with the following conditions will be excluded (determined by self-report):

* Pregnant, lactating, within 6 months post-partum, or planning to become pregnant in the next 2 years
* Diabetes (type 1 and 2) or history of gestational diabetes or on hypoglycemic medications for any other indication
* Prevalent diseases: Malabsorption, renal or liver disease, active neoplasms, recent myocardial infarction (\<6 months)(patient self-report and, if available, review of labs from primary care provider)
* Smokers (because of effect on weight and lipids)
* History of serious arrhythmias, or cerebrovascular disease
* Uncontrolled hyper- or hypothyroidism (TSH not within normal limits)
* Medications: Lipid lowering, antihypertensive medications, and those known to affect weight/energy expenditure
* Excessive alcohol intake (self-reported, \>3 drinks/day)
* Musculoskeletal disorders precluding regular physical activity
* Unable to follow either of the two study diets for reasons of food allergies or other (e.g., vegan)
* Currently under psychiatric care, or taking psychiatric medications
* Inability to communicate effectively with study personnel

Answer: B