Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Fluviral™ Influenza Vaccine in Healthy Adults 18 to 49 Years of Age
Brief Summary: The goal of this study is to determine whether Fluviral, an inactivated, injectable trivalent influenza vaccine (flu shot) is effective in preventing respiratory illnesses that are severe enough to limit normal daily activities and that are shown by virus culture to be caused by influenza viruses. The study will also examine the safety of the vaccine and collect measurements of the immune system responses produced by the vaccine.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy males and females aged ≥ 18 to \< 65 years at the time of vaccination
* Non pregnant/ non lactating females

Exclusion Criteria:

* Hypersensitivity to influenza vaccine or allergy to any components of the Study Vaccines
* Vaccination against influenza in the previous 6 months
* Acute clinically significant pulmonary, cardiovascular, hepatic or renal functional abnormality
* Known history of Guillain-Barré Syndrome;
* Clinical signs of active infection and/or an oral temperature of ≥ 37.8 oC.
* History of neurological disorders or seizures
* Confirmed or suspected immunosuppressive condition or a previously diagnosed immunodeficiency disorder
* Current or recent immunosuppressive or immunomodulative therapy, including systemic corticosteroids
* Administration of immunoglobulins and/or any blood products;
* Participation in a clinical trial or use of an investigational compound;
* Vaccination with a registered vaccine within 14 days (for inactivated vaccines) or 28 days (for live vaccines) prior;
* Participants indicated to receive an influenza vaccine on an annual basis according to the local public health recommendations.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Good health by history and physical exam
* Reliable access to a telephone
* Study comprehension and informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Systolic BP \>/= 140; diastolic BP \>/= 90
* Uncontrolled medical or psychiatric illness (change in last 3 months)
* Cancer, or treatment for cancer within 3 years
* Cardio-pulmonary disease requiring chronic treatment
* Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
* Renal dysfunction (creatinine \>/= 1.7 mg/dL)
* Hemoglobinopathies
* Clotting disorders that increase the risk of IM injections
* Immunosuppressive illnesses or drugs
* History of demyelinating disease (esp. Guillian-Barre syndrome)
* Employment in professions at high risk for influenza transmission
* Household contact with high-risk individuals
* Receipt of:

  a) Immunosuppressive drugs i) systemic glucocorticoids \>/= 10 mg prednisone per day ii) cytotoxic drugs b) Investigational drugs within 30 days before, or planned during, the study c) Blood products within 3 months before, or planned during, the study d) Influenza vaccine within 9 months before the study e) Other vaccines within 30 days before, or planned during, the study
* History of:

  1. Severe reactions to other influenza vaccines
  2. Allergy to egg proteins
  3. Sensitivity to mercurials
* Pregnancy/ high risk of pregnancy

  1. Positive urine pregnancy test before treatment
  2. Women of child-bearing potential without credible contraceptive plan
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Mothers from 18 to 14 years of age in the third trimester of pregnancy,
* with normal medical and obstetric history,
* who plan to deliver their infant in Dhaka city and remain there for 12m

Exclusion Criteria:

* Maternal history of systemic disease,
* Maternal history of previous complicated pregnancies, preterm delivery, abortions, or birth with congenital anomalies.
* Maternal hypersensitivity to any vaccination, or
* Maternal receipt of pneumococcal vaccine in the last 3 years.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or female, 18 to 49 years of age (not yet reached their 50th birthday) at the time of randomization
* Healthy by medical history and physical examination
* Written informed consent and any locally required authorization (eg, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act \[HIPAA\] in the United States of America \[USA\], European Union \[EU\] Data Privacy Directive in the EU) obtained from the subject/legal representative prior to performing any protocol-related procedures, including screening evaluations
* Females of childbearing potential, (ie, unless surgically sterile \[eg, bilateral tubal ligation, bilateral oophorectomy, or hysterectomy\], has sterile male partner, is at least 1 year post menopause, or practices abstinence) must use an effective method of avoiding pregnancy (including oral, transdermal, or implanted contraceptives, intrauterine device, female condom with spermicide, diaphragm with spermicide, cervical cap, or use of a condom with spermicide by the sexual partner) for 30 days prior to the first dose of investigational product, and must agree to continue using such precautions for 60 days after the second dose of investigational product. In addition, the subject must also have a negative urine or blood pregnancy test at screening and, if screening and Day 1 do not occur on the same day, on the day of vaccination prior to randomization.
* Males, unless not sexually active, must use an effective method of birth control with a female partner and must agree to continue using such contraceptive precautions for at least 30 days after the second dose of investigational product (from Day 1 through Day 59 of the study)
* Subject is available by telephone
* Subject is able to understand and comply with the requirements of the protocol, as judged by the investigator
* Subject is able to complete follow-up period of 180 days after Dose 2 as required by the protocol

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of hypersensitivity to any component of the investigational product including egg or egg protein, gelatin or arginine, or serious, life-threatening, or severe reactions to previous influenza vaccinations
* History of hypersensitivity to gentamicin
* Any condition for which the inactivated influenza vaccine is indicated, including chronic disorders of the pulmonary or cardiovascular systems (eg, asthma), chronic metabolic diseases (eg, diabetes mellitus), renal dysfunction, or hemoglobinopathies that required regular medical follow-up or hospitalization during the preceding year
* Acute febrile (\> 100.0°F oral or equivalent) and/or clinically significant respiratory illness (eg, cough or sore throat) within 14 days prior to randomization
* History of asthma
* Any known immunosuppressive condition or immune deficiency disease, including human immunodeficiency virus infection, or ongoing immunosuppressive therapy
* History of Guillain-Barré syndrome
* A household contact who is severely immunocompromised (eg, hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient, during those periods in which the immunocompromised individual requires care in a protective environment); subject should additionally avoid close contact with severely immunocompromised individuals for at least 21 days after receipt of investigational product
* Receipt of any investigational agent within 30 days prior to randomization, or expected receipt through 30 days after the second dose of investigational product (use of licensed agents for indications not listed in the package insert is permitted)
* Expected receipt of antipyretic or analgesic medication on a daily or every other day basis from randomization through 14 days after receipt of each dose of investigational product
* Administration of intranasal medications within 14 days prior to randomization, or expected receipt through 14 days after administration of each dose of investigational product
* Receipt of any nonstudy vaccine within 30 days before or after Dose 1 or expected receipt of any nonstudy vaccine within 30 days before or after Dose 2
* Known or suspected mitochondrial encephalomyopathy
* Subject is pregnant or a nursing mother
* Any condition (eg, chronic cough, allergic rhinitis) that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with evaluation of the investigational product or interpretation of subject safety or study results
* Subject or immediate family member of subject is an employee of the clinical study site or is otherwise in involved with the conduct of the study

Answer: B