Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Cluster Randomised Trial Comparing the Impact of Immediate Versus South African Recommendations Guided ART Initiation on HIV Incidence. The ARNS 12249 TasP (Treatment as Prevention) Trial in Hlabisa Sub-district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Brief Summary: This trial is evaluating a public health intervention strategy trial which aims to reduce the incidence of HIV at a population-level.

The proposed strategy is a two steps process:

* Extensive HIV counselling and testing, and comprehensive prevention programme among a target population
* Immediate ART initiation after HIV diagnosis, irrespective of CD4 count criteria.

The underlaying trial hypothesis is that HIV testing followed by immediate ART initiation of all HIV-infected individuals will prevent onward transmission and reduce HIV incidence in the population. This is a cluster randomised controlled trial with a total of 22 communities used as the units for randomisation. Enrolment of a population of 22 000 individuals among which 4 400 are expected to be HIV-Infected.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* HIV infection documented by a positive HIV antibody test at enrollment;
* Adult men and women (age\>18);
* Cryptococcal meningitis infection documented by a positive CSF CRAG or CSF identification of C. neoformans.
* Place of residence is located within a 50km radius of Harare.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Previous diagnosis (\>1 week) of and treatment for cryptococcal meningitis
* Currently on ARVs, or have been intermittently on and off ART in the past.
* Concurrent use of medications that affect the metabolism of fluconazole e.g., antiseizure medications, oral hypoglycaemic agents.
* History of cardiac failure and or predisposition to arrhythmias will be excluded.
* They are pregnant or active lactation women
* History of active hepatitis or hepatic or renal dysfunction will be excluded.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult patients (\>18 years) (initiating children on ART is likely to require additional information, making the SLATE algorithm less applicable to pediatric populations)
* Confirmed HIV-positive test result at any time (may have been diagnosed previously)
* Not currently on ART (three-drug combination)
* Presented at the study clinic for any HIV-related reason, including an HIV test, pre-ART monitoring, or ART initiation

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant (pregnancy is an exclusion criterion because treatment guidelines for pregnant women differ from those for non-pregnant adults; most pregnant women are diagnosed with HIV and initiated on ART in antenatal clinics, not general adult HIV clinics)
* Not intending to return to this clinic for further HIV care in the coming year (i.e. intends to seek further care somewhere else)
* Not physically, mentally, or emotionally able to participate in the study, in the opinion of the investigators or study staff
* Not willing or able to provide written informed consent to participate in the study
* Previously enrolled in the same study
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* HIV-infected
* Received pre- and post-test counseling at the GHESKIO Centers
* CD4 count between 200 and 350 cells/mm3
* World Health Organization (WHO) Stage I, II, or III HIV disease
* Willing to use acceptable forms of contraception

Exclusion Criteria:

* WHO Stage IV HIV disease (AIDS)
* 7 or more days of cumulative ART prior to study entry OR on ART at time of study entry
* Active TB, if diagnostic work-up for TB is incomplete OR if decision to treat TB has not been made. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
* Recurrent active TB OR history of interrupted or incomplete TB therapy. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
* Has not been evaluated for latent TB and decision to treat latent TB with isoniazid has not been made. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
* Requires ART in the next 3 months, in the opinion of the investigator
* Other serious medical illness requiring chronic maintenance therapy (e.g., hypertension, diabetes) UNLESS the individual has completed at least 14 days of therapy prior to study enrollment AND is clinically stable
* Any psychological condition (e.g., severe depression, schizophrenia) that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the study
* Any social condition (e.g., pending emigration, pending incarceration) that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the study
* Active drug or alcohol use that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the study
* Current inflammation of the pancreas
* Allergy/sensitivity to any of study drugs or their formulations
* Requires certain medications
* Enrolled in another therapeutic or interventional clinical trial
* Pregnant or breastfeeding
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Aged 16 and more
* Member of a household in the designated cluster within the Hlabisa sub-district of KwaZulu Natal in South Africa
* Able and willing to give written informed consent for trial participation and/or HIV counselling and testing

Answer: D