Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Prevention of Weight Gain Among Normal Weight, Obesity Susceptible, Pre-school Children - a Randomized Controlled Interventions Study.
Brief Summary: Obesity prevention should remain a priority, although there is some evidence of a possible leveling off in some age groups across European countries and in USA, Japan and Australia. Besides adult health problems such as type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, obesity in childhood is associated with psychological and social problems, low self-esteem, stigmatization and being teased and bullied by friends. Danish research suggests that the causes behind the increase in obesity occurrence are present already in early childhood, and that prevention of obesity therefore has to start early. Research has suggested that at least three sub-groups can be considered susceptible to develop obesity: Children with obesity among their 1st degree relatives; children with a high birth weight or children coming from socially disadvantaged families (low socioeconomic status). Earlier intervention programs has showed little effect in preventing excessive weight gain and knowledge on how to develop effective intervention programs that reduce overweight and obesity remains limited. It has been suggested that future prevention programs may be more successful if specifically targeting groups that are at high risk, as mention above, of excessive weight gain.

Based on these suggestions, the "Sund Start" project was initiated. The purpose of the study was to determine whether aiming prevention towards 2-6 years old Danish children who were yet normal weight, but were considered susceptible to develop overweight or obese could prevent later on risk of becoming overweight or obese. Furthermore, to investigate if it was possible to improve diet habits, increase physical activity, reduce stress and improve sleeping habits among children at high risk for later on overweight and obesity.

The "Sund Start" project will contribute with knowledge about whether targeting normal weight, predisposed children is effective in preventing overweight and obesity, and if reduced stress and improved sleep, should be considered important new obesity prevention tools. Moreover, the project will contribute with knowledge about how to change lifestyle and its effects on development of overweight and obesity in high risk Danish preschool children.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Families must have at least one child age 2-5 years. The scientific rationale for focusing on this young population is that this age range includes the period often referred to as the "adiposity rebound," which has been identified as one of the critical periods for obesity development. Additionally, children of this age are still subject to strong parent and family influences which may be amenable to intervention.
* At least one parent or caregiver in the household must be overweight (BMI ≥25); however, this does not have to be the participating parent. The scientific rationale for focusing on families with at least one overweight parent is that having an overweight parent increases the child's risk of becoming overweight.
* Parents must be willing to participate in measures and intervention activities, and give consent for child's and his/her own participation.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Parents who are unable to speak English or comprehend standard age-level materials will be excluded. Currently funds are not available to translate and provide the program in Spanish or other languages.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Born between 2004-2007
* Born in 11 selected municipalities in the greater Copenhagen area
* Classified as susceptible to overweight and obesity (At least one of the following risk factors present: A high birth weight (\> 4000 grams), maternal pre-pregnancy obesity (BMI \> 28 kg/m\^2), or maternal low education (\<= 10 years)
* Normal weight at baseline examination

Exclusion Criteria:

* Moved to another municipality after birth,
* Had requested protection from participation in statistical or scientific surveys based on data delivered from the Danish Central Person Registry
* No permanent address
* Lived in a children's home
* Had died
* Had emigrated
* Registered in the Danish Central Person Registry as being disappeared or had unknown life status
* Not speaking Danish
* Overweight (including obesity) at baseline examination
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Have received an annual physical
* Parent or guardian willing to give informed consent
* Parent or guardian willing to provide demographic and anthropometric data and agree to complete food intake and physical activity information for their child

Exclusion Criteria:

* Requires a specialized diet outside of that served by the Chicago Public Schools
* Has a chronic physical or behavioral disorder that requires participant to be under close medical psychological supervision and routinely absent from the study
D: Inclusion Criteria:

Children participants 3rd or 4th grade student in participating school (during first school year of study)

Exclusion Criteria:

Not a 3rd or 4th grade student

Answer: B