Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Enhancing HIV Risk Reduction Among Indian Women With Risky Husbands
Brief Summary: This grant involved the development, implementation, and assessment of the feasibility and acceptability of an HIV prevention intervention for at-risk wives in Mumbai, RHANI Wives (Raising HIV Awareness among Non-Infected Indian Wives). The RHANI Wives intervention was adapted from the HIV Intervention Program (HIV-IP), a community-based, multi-session HIV intervention with demonstrated effectiveness among Latinas whose primary risk for HIV was from their primary male partner (Raj et al. 2001).

Specific aims of this study are as follows:

1. To adapt HIV-IP, a culture and gender-tailored HIV intervention for Latinas with demonstrated effectiveness in reducing risk for HIV, and to create RHANI Wives for use with at-risk Indian wives.
2. To determine the feasibility and acceptability of RHANI Wives with at risk wives\* in India. A two-group cluster randomized trial will involve random assignment of 12 neighborhood clusters (25 women/cluster) to receive the intervention (n=150) or a control condition (n=150). Intervention effects on the more proximal and likely safer sex mediating outcome of marital communication for this feasibility trial will be assessed via surveys at baseline and 3 month follow-up.

NOTE: Only 220 participants were able to be recruited into the study.

\*At risk wives are defined as having a husband at higher risk for transactional sex based on wife's reports of his risky alcohol use (drunk in past 30 days, 3+ drinking days in past 7 days) or partner violence perpetration


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

Daughters-in-Law:

* married
* age 18 years to 30 years
* have ever experienced physical, psychological, or sexual violence perpetrated by husbands, mothers-in-law, or other marital family members
* pregnant and in the first or second trimester
* Kannada or Tamil speaking
* able and willing to provide consent
* able and willing to refer their mother-in-law for study participation

Mothers-in-Law:

* Kannada or Tamil speaking
* able and willing to give informed consent to participate
* confirm that they are the mother-in-law of a daughter-in-law who is being recruited.

Exclusion Criteria:

* planning to move from the area before the daughter-in-law completes 6 months postpartum
* cognitively impaired
* major depression or dementia
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Chinese women 18 years of age or older
* Self-report of psychological, physical or sexual abuse by their current or former intimate partner in the previous 12 months
* Live or work in a community within the catchment area of a community centre designated for the proposed study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Perpetrator is not an intimate partner
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* African American or Latina (by self report)
* At least 18 years of age
* English speaking
* Pregnant less than or equal to 28 weeks gestation
* Receiving prenatal care in the District of Columbia
* Had one or more of the following risk factors: active smoking, environmental tobacco smoke exposure, depression and intimate partner violence

Exclusion Criteria:

* Non-minority race (by self report)
* Younger than 18 years of age
* Non-English speaking
* Not pregnant or pregnant greater than 28 weeks gestation
* Receiving prenatal care outside the District of Columbia
* Responded negatively to questions about risk factors
* Suicidal ideation
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. married female aged 18-40 years
2. fluency in Hindi or Marathi
3. residence with husband in the area of study for a period of 2 months or greater
4. reports that husband engaged in either heavy drinking- past 30 day drunken behavior, or frequent drinking- 3 drinking days in past 7 days, or lifetime spousal violence perpetration
5. no plans to relocate from the area in the next year.

Exclusion Criteria:

* cognitive impairment indicated at recruitment

Answer: D