Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: THE IMPACT OF THE ENHANCED HOMESTEAD FOOD PRODUCTION PROGRAM ON CHILD HEALTH
Brief Summary: Helen Keller International (HKI) has been implementing homestead food production (HFP) programs in Asia for the past 20 years and has recently begun implementing HFP programs in Africa as well. In general, these programs target women and are designed to improve maternal and child health and nutrition outcomes through three primary pathways: 1. Increasing the availability of micronutrient-rich foods through increased household production of these foods; 2. Raising income through the sale of surplus production; and 3. Increasing knowledge and adoption of optimal nutrition practices, including the consumption of micronutrient-rich foods. Evaluations of HFP programs have consistently demonstrated significant increases in household production and consumption of micronutrient-rich foods. This increased consumption, along with improvements in health and nutrition related knowledge, and increased income, could all contribute to improvements in maternal and child health and nutrition outcomes. However, to date there has been limited understanding as to how these types of programs can be optimized to maximize impacts on these outcomes.

In order to better understand the potential of these types of programs to improve maternal and child health and nutrition outcomes and how this impact may be achieved IFPRI has been collaborating with HKI to evaluate one of their E-HFP programs in Burkina Faso. The evaluation considers impact of the program through the three pathways above, and assesses anthropometric and clinical measures of nutrition, as well as looking at how the programs might be improved.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Mother of child between the ages of 3 and 12 months and her child

Exclusion Criteria:

* N/A
B: Study participants will be women who are rural residents of Chirumanzu or Shurugwi districts in Zimbabwe and who become pregnant during the enrollment period of the trial and are identified and consent to participation during pregnancy, and their live born infants. A total of 5280 women will be enrolled.

Inclusion Criteria:

Pregnant women residing in the study districts, whose pregnancy is confirmed by a urine pregnancy test.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Women residing in the study districts who become pregnant during the enrollment period but do not consent to join the trial
* Women who reside in urban areas of these two districts
* Infants with major non-fatal abnormalities will not be excluded from study procedures, but will be excluded from the final analytic sample if the abnormality is likely to directly affect gut health/function or stature (e.g. neural tube defects, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome)
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* \> 34 0/7 weeks gestational age
* Discharged from the newborn nursery or neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) without significant neonatal morbidity
* Singleton infant
* Nursery or NICU stay of 7 days or less
* Primiparous mother
* Maternity stay of 7 days or less
* Pediatric primary care provider from one of 3 University-affiliated pediatric practices or University-affiliated family medicine practices
* Feeding human milk (breast milk) during the maternity/newborn stay with intent to continue to breastfeed after discharge
* English speaking mother.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Newborn nursery, NICU, or maternity stay \> 7 days
* Exclusive formula feeding in the nursery or NICU
* Multiparous mother
* Any metabolic condition that requires feedings at precise intervals
* Gestational age of 33 6/7 weeks or less
* Presence of a congenital anomaly or neonatal condition that significantly affects a newborn's feeding (e.g. cleft lip or cleft palate) or sleeping (hyperexplexia - exaggerated startle reflex)
* Non-singleton newborn
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Child age \< 60 months

Answer: A