Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Step Monitoring to Improve ARTERial Health
Brief Summary: Many people with diabetes and/or high blood pressure (hypertension) are not very active. When people are more active, they can reduce the chances of having a heart attack or stroke. Walking more is a cheap and effective way to be more active and to lower the risk of heart attacks and strokes. The problem is that many people do not walk enough! The investigators will study if people with diabetes and/or hypertension walk more when the doctor gives them a prescription with the number of steps they should be walking every day. The investigators will compare this group, called 'active', to another group, called 'control', in which doctors and their patients do what they usually do, over a period of one year.

The investigators will measure the number of steps the investigators walk everyday with a step counter or pedometer. In the step count prescription group, the doctors will give to the 'active' group a pedometer, a step count record book, and step count prescriptions. The overall goal is to gradually increase daily steps. The speed of the increase in step count will be slower for less active people. At each visit the doctor will look at the step count record book. The doctor will then give a new step count prescription to the patients. Patients of the two groups will see their doctor about four times during the year, which is how often they usually see their doctor. At the end of one year, the investigators will see the difference in the hardness of the arteries between the 'active' and the 'control' groups, using simple and safe measurements, similar to ultrasound in pregnant ladies. People with hard arteries are more likely to have a heart attack or stroke.

The investigators suspect that patients who get the step count prescriptions will walk more and their arteries will be less hard than the control group. Our study will help find out if this is true. In that case, doctors should take the time to prescribe steps for all their patients with diabetes and/or hypertension.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* office worker

Exclusion Criteria:

* life threatening disease
* pregnancy
B: Inclusion Criteria:

\* Adults users of 4 Primary Health Care Centers in Catalunya.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Previous episode of ischemic heart disease (\<6 months).
* Outbreak of arthritis with limited ability to ambulate.
* Lung or heart disease with dyspnea mild-moderate efforts.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Followed by a SMARTER collaborating doctor
* BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 but \< 40 kg/m2 (i.e. overweight to class II obese)
* Type 2 diabetes and/or hypertension
* Conversant in either English or French

Exclusion Criteria:

* ≥ 150 minutes of leisure time physical activity per week be self- report
* Acute or chronic co-morbid conditions that may affect the ability or likelihood to adhere to trial procedures (e.g. inflammatory arthritis, active malignancy, major depression or other significant psychiatric disorders, and/or significant visual impairment)
* Pregnancy/planning a pregnancy
* Baseline step count averaging ≥ 10,000 steps/day at baseline assessment
* Arrhythmia that prevents accurate assessment of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (e.g., atrial fibrillation)
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Woman between 45-74 years of age
* Have not had a menstrual period for at least 12 months
* Are not regularly physically active (self-reported non-exerciser for previous 6 months)
* Have a body mass index (BMI) between 25-45 kg/m2
* Have high normal blood pressure or (systolic pressure of 130-179 mmHg or a diastolic pressure of 85-99 mmHg)
* Not limited in your ability to walk
* Understand these criteria
* Are willing to provide informed consent
* Willing to be randomized to either type of walking intervention or a control group being studied, and are willing to follow the protocol for the group to which they have been assigned

Exclusion Criteria:

* Have a past history and/or physical examination or laboratory findings of a medical condition including (but not limited to):
* Have any medical condition or disease that is life-threatening or that can interfere with or be aggravated by exercise
* Have been diagnosed with diabetes
* Blood pressure is greater than 179 mmHg systolic or 99 mmHg diastolic.
* Participating in another research study which may effect the results of WalkMore

Answer: C