Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Rehabilitation of Patients With Modic Changes in the Lumbar Spine - a Randomized Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to compare patients with low back pain (LBP) and Modic Changes from The Backcenter Funen, Ringe:

1. To compare the effect of two types of non-operative treatments:

   A. exercise and advice to be physically active

   B. restitution and advice not to overload the spine
2. To investigate if the results of the treatment are influenced by gender, age, smoking, and physical load.


Options:
A: Inclusion criteria:

* unilateral leg pain (Intensity ≥ 3)
* Pain distal to the buttocks
* Reproduction of symptoms and change in symptoms with structural differentiation (cervical return to neutral position or ankle dorsiflexion) with slump test;

Exclusion criteria:

* cauda equina syndrome;
* bilateral leg pain;
* crossed Lasègue sign;
* previous surgery in the lumbar spine;
* inflammatory arthropathies;
* malignancy
* being in litigation or in work-compensation due to back and/or leg pain
* being receiving physiotherapy treatment at the time of baseline assessment
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Current non-specific low back pain persisting for at least 12 weeks
* 18-64 years old
* Mean low back pain intensity for the previous week of 4 or greater on a 0 to 10 numerical rating scale (0=no pain to 10=worst possible pain)
* English fluency sufficient to follow treatment instructions and answer survey questions.

Exclusion Criteria:

* New CLBP treatments started within the previous month or anticipated to begin in the next 3 months
* Known pregnancy
* Inability to understand English at a level necessary to understand treatment instructions and survey questions
* Previous back surgery or back fracture
* Specific CLBP pathologies (including spinal canal stenosis, severe scoliosis, spondylolisthesis, ankylosing spondylitis, large herniated disk)
* Severe or progressive neurological deficits
* Sciatica pain equal to or greater than back pain
* Active or recent cervical radiculopathy
* Active or planned worker's compensation, disability, or personal injury claims
* Lack of consent
* Significant participation in yoga or physical therapy in the last six months
* Has read The Back Pain Helpbook or the Back Book in the previous six months
* The principal investigator judges the participant to be unable to participate in the study due to serious medical and/or psychiatric comorbidities
* Has previously participated in the Yoga Dosing Study or the Physical Therapy Pilot
* Plans to move out of the Boston area in the next year
C: Inclusion Criteria:

Primary inclusion criteria for receiving MRI

* The patient must have LBP with a current duration of 3 - 12 month.
* The patient must have an actual pain intensity ≥4 on numerical pain rating scale from 0-10.

Secondary inclusion criteria for receiving MRI

* The patient must speak and understand Danish.
* The patient must be between 18-60 years of age.
* The patient must be willing to participate in the project. Inclusions criterium for the project
* There must be an MRI showing MC in the lumbar spine.

Exclusion Criteria:

* The patient is unable to go through with the project because of other physical or mental disorder.
* The patient is pregnant.
* The patient is referred to operation.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Has a VA primary care provider
* Diagnosis of chronic low back pain \> 6 months
* Willing to attend a yoga program or be assigned to delayed treatment with yoga
* Willing to complete 4 assessments
* English Literacy
* Has not begun new pain treatments or medications in the past month
* Willing to not change pain treatments (e.g., discontinue a treatment; increase medication dose) during the 12-week intervention period unless medically necessary

Exclusion Criteria:

* back surgery within the last 12 months
* back pain due to specific systemic problem (eg, lupus, scleroderma, fibromyalgia)
* morbid obesity (BMI \> 40)
* Significant sciatica or nerve compression \< 3 months or chronic lumbar radicular pain \> 3 months
* Unstable, serious coexisting medical illness (eg, CHF, cancer, COPD, morbid obesity; dementia)
* Unstable, serious psychiatric illness (e.g., unmanaged psychosis, active substance dependence)
* Insufficient data to rule out acute, metastatic disease, (unless primary care physician approves)
* Attended or practiced yoga \> 1x in the last 12 months
* Positive Romberg test (with or without sensory neuropathy)

Answer: C