Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Acceptability and Feasibility of a Diet and Physical Activity Intervention to Prevent Recurrence in Colorectal Cancer Survivors: a Phase 2 Study
Brief Summary: Background - Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is increasing at an alarming rate in Hong Kong. A recent report concluded physical activity (PA) protects against colon cancer and foods low in dietary fibre, red meat and processed meat cause CRC. Yet, the influence of lifestyle factors on cancer outcome (i.e. recurrence and survival rates) in CRC survivors is largely unknown.

Objectives \& hypothesis - Our study aims to evaluate the acceptability of two behavioural interventions for CRC survivors intended to improve cancer outcome and designed to (1) increase PA levels and (2) reduce consumption of a Western diet.

The investigators hypothesize that the proposed interventions are (1) efficacious in changing the two targeted behaviours; and (2) acceptable to CRC survivors.

Settings and methods - Phase 2 feasibility trial. Two hundred and twenty-four CRC survivors within 12 months of completion of cancer treatment and without evidence of persistent/recurrent disease will be recruited from four public hospitals in Hong Kong after informed consent. Subjects will be randomized in a 2x2 factorial design for the two targeted behaviours prescribed over 12 months. Primary outcome measure is whether the target levels of PA and dietary intake could be met at the end of intervention. Secondary outcome measures include: (1) magnitude of changes in PA level and dietary intakes; (2) rates and determinants of compliance; (3) facilitators and barriers to behavioural change; (4) measurement of theoretical constructs underlying PA and dietary interventions; (5) possible health benefits and side effects (PA-associated injury and nutritional deficiency) arising from the interventions. Outcome will be assessed at baseline, 6 months into intervention and then at 0, 6 and 12 months post-intervention.

Impact - If proven feasible, our intervention programme would pave way for a large randomized controlled trial testing the effect of PA and diet on the treatment outcome of CRC.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosed colorectal cancer and a planned surgical procedure

Exclusion Criteria:

* HIPEC surgery, not able to give informed consent or understand the intervention
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Histologically proven colorectal adenocarcinoma;
2. Within one year of completion of main cancer treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Persistent/recurrent disease upon recruitment;
2. Current cancer treatment;
3. Hereditary CRC syndromes;
4. Known contraindication to PA;
5. Illiteracy;
6. Weekly red/processed meat \< 5 servings and daily refined grains \< 2 servings
7. Weekly MPA \> 300 minutes
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Colorectal cancer
* UICC stage I-III
* between 2 and 48 months post-surgery
* age at least 18 years
* physical and cognitive ability to follow the yoga intervention

Exclusion Criteria:

* UICC stage IV
* further active oncological diseases
* diagnosed and pharmacologically treated psychiatric disorder except for cancer-related depression or adjustment disorder
* pregnancy or breastfeeding
D: DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

* Survivor of breast, prostate, colon, lung, lymphoma, ovarian, bladder, or esophageal cancer with no evidence of disease
* At least moderate levels of fatigue and/or weakness
* Impaired mobility but ambulatory and medically able to participate in an exercise regimen

  * No impaired knee flexion, defined as \< 90º

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

* Folstein Mini-Mental Status Examination score ≥ 23
* No extreme claustrophobia
* No diagnosed chronic fatigue syndrome/disorder
* No neurological impairments, including the following:

  * Central nervous system disorder (e.g., multiple sclerosis or Parkinson's disease)
  * Neurological insult (cerebrovascular attack) that manifests in a mobility disorder
* No myopathic disease (e.g., focal myopathy) that effects skeletal muscle structure/function
* No rheumatological disease that has an effect on muscle and/or mobility (e.g., polymyalgia rheumatica)

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

* More than 6 months since prior regular aerobic or resistance exercise

  * Regular exercise defined as 2-3 times per week
* At least 6 months since prior cancer treatment (surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy )
* No concurrent cancer-related treatment other than hormonal therapy

Answer: B