Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Optimizing Sedentary Behavior Interventions to Affect Acute Physiological
Brief Summary: An emerging body of epidemiological evidence suggests that various forms of sedentary behavior, including TV viewing, occupational sitting, and total daily sitting, may be associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, overweight and obesity, type 2 diabetes, depression and psychological well-being. Importantly, many of these associations were independent of participation in moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity. We propose a pilot study to assess the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of two interventions targeting sedentary behavior. Since it is currently unknown what component of sedentary behavior exposure presents the greatest risk to health, we propose separate interventions to reduce overall sedentary time and to promote breaks in sedentary time.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Men and women aged ≥60 years.
2. Listed for elective hip or knee surgery.
3. Capable of providing informed consent.
4. Regular access to a phone at pre-specified times.
5. Able to speak English.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Neuromuscular impairments that preclude participating in physical activity, visual, hearing, or moderate/ severe cognitive impairments as indicated by the research nurse prior to recruitment.
2. Significant co-morbid disease that would pose a safety threat, affect blood measures significantly, or impair ability to participate such as coronary artery disease, severe hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, insulin-dependent diabetes, psychiatric disease, renal disease, liver disease, or an active cancer other than skin cancer.
3. Working more than 2 days per week.
4. Unwillingness or inability to comply with the intervention.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Participants must expect to reside in the Chicagoland area for the next 9 months
* Must be willing to record diet, sedentary activities, and/or stress and sleep and wear an accelerometer for 12 weeks and intermittently thereafter for the next 9-months
* Must agree to make changes in eating and activity or in sleep and relaxation behaviors
* Participants must report all of the following on screening questionnaires:

  * Low fiber diet (\< 9 FV servings/day)
  * High saturated fat intake (\> 8% of daily calories from fat)
  * Less than 150 minutes per week of moderate intensity physical activity per week for the past 3 months (or less than 75 minutes of vigorous intensity activity per week)
  * An average of \> 120 minutes/day spent on non-work, non-education related use of the following recreational sedentary pastimes: television, videos/movies, videogames, and computer use

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unstable medical conditions (e.g., uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes, recent myocardial infarction)
* Physician approval for those with existing and controlled medication conditions
* Those that require an assistive device for ambulation
* \> 350 lbs
* Currently taking weight loss medications
* Psychiatric hospitalization in past 5 years
* Those at risk for adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) events with moderate intensity activity (e.g., CVD symptoms while walking, those scheduled for cardiac stress test within 2 months)
* Those who cannot read English sufficiently to respond to self-report questionnaires
* Current or anticipated pregnancy
* Women who are lactating
* Current active eating disorders (anorexia, bulimia)
* Current substance abuse or dependence (other than nicotine)
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Males or females 50 -70 years of age
2. Able to attend 4 measurement visits with study staff in 3 consecutive weeks
3. Spend at least 8 hours per day sitting
4. Willing and able to wear study device for 21 days
5. Able to read and write in English
6. Able to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Do not sit for at least 8 hours per day
2. Unable to attend 4 visits
3. Diagnosis of serious chronic condition that would limit the ability to stand
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Over the age of 65
* Able to walk 20 meters independently (without human assistance, can use cane/walker)
* Able to speak and read in English
* No cognitive, vision or hearing impairments that would prevent provision of informed consent, comprehension of instructions, completion of surveys and participation in phone conversations
* Able to complete the Timed Up and Go Test to assess falls risk within 30 seconds
* Live within the selected retirement community (facility-dwelling) Able to hold brief conversation over the telephone.
* Will be in San Diego for the duration of the study
* Provision of consent to participate
* Willing to wear a pedometer, accelerometer and GPS device
* Willing to complete all surveys and attend weekly meetings
* No history of falls in previous that resulted in an injury or hospitalization in the past 12 months
* Physician clearance to participate

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability to give informed, voluntary consent
* Inability to complete assessments
* Lack of written physician consent to participate in unsupervised light-to-moderate intensity walking
* Inability to speak and read English

Answer: C