Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Whole Grain Polyphenol Bioavailability and Effects on Inflammatory, Oxidative and Hormonal Status
Brief Summary: Whole grains (WG) contain numerous physiologically bioactive compounds, a key group being polyphenolic compounds such as ferulic acid (FA). These whole grain polyphenolic compounds have been shown to have potent antioxidant activity. This study will evaluate bioavailability of WG bioactive compounds and their physiological impact on health outcomes, mainly related to inflammatory, oxidative and hormonal status, in overweight subjects.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 - 60 years old, male and female
* Healthy by medical assessment
* Overweight: BMI \> 25 and \< 32 kg/m2
* Habitual diet characterized by i) absence of WG (all dietary carbohydrates derived from refined cereals); ii) absence of pro-biotics; iii) intake of dietary fibre ≤ 10 g/d; iv) intake of fruit and vegetables ≤ 2 portions/die; v)habit to have breakfast
* Sign of a written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age \< 18 and \> 60 years old
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding
* Fasting plasma triglycerides ≥ 200 mg/dl and cholesterol \> 200 mg/dl
* Cardiovascular events (AMI and/or stroke) in the last 6 months
* Regular intensive physical activity
* Hypertension
* Intestinal or metabolic diseases/disorders such as diabetic, renal, hepatic, pancreatic or ulcer
* Previous abdominal/gastrointestinal surgery
* Regular consumption of medication
* Antibiotic therapy within 2 months previous the study
* Food allergies and intolerances (celiac disease, lactose intolerance,)
* Concurrent participation or having participated in another clinical trial during the last 3 weeks
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* all adults aged 50-65 years old with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
* stable physical condition
* fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentration ≥7.8mmol/L or 2-h postprandial blood glucose (PG) ≥11.1mmol/L after 75g oral dextrose with an glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)\>7 %, stable medication.

Exclusion Criteria:

* pregnancy
* breastfeeding
* severe renal or hepatic complications
* treatment by glucocorticoid
* having pancreatic disease or malignancy in recent 3 months
* other factors that may limit adherence to interventions or affect conduct of the trial or participation in another supplementary feeding programme.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* impaired glucose tolerance (oral glucose tolerance test with 2-h glucose concentration 7,8-11,0 mmol/l) OR
* impaired fasting glucose fasting plasma glucose concentration 5,6-6,9 mmol/l = IFG)
* and two of the criteria for metabolic syndrome:
* BMI 26-39 kg/m2
* Waist circumference \> 102 cm (men) or \> 88 cm (women)
* hypertriglyceridemia (fasting serum triglyceride conc \> 1,7 mmol/l),
* HDL-cholesterol (fasting serum HDL conc \< 1,0 mmol/l for men and \< 1,3 mmol/l for women)
* Blood pressure ≥ 130/≥ 85 mmHg

Exclusion Criteria:

* BMI \> 40 kg/m2
* fasting serum triglyceride conc \> 3.5 mmol/l
* fasting serum cholesterol \> 8 mmol/l
* type 1 or 2 diabetes
* abnormal liver, kidney or thyroid function
* large alcohol intake (women \>16, men \> 24 doses (4cl liquor or equivalent) during week)
* inflammatory bowel disease
* disease that prevents participation
* neuroleptic neuroleptic cortisone medication
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* 12-15 years
* IsoBMI\>30

Exclusion Criteria:

* Chronical diseases
* Chronical medication

Answer: A