Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Vascular Events In Surgery patIents cOhort evaluatioN - Cardiac Surgery
Brief Summary: Worldwide over 2 million adults (\>30,000 Canadians) undergo heart surgery annually. Although heart surgery provides important survival benefits, it is associated with potential major complications such as death, stroke, and heart attack. There is promising evidence that measurement of heart injury markers after surgery will identify patients at risk of death or major complications.

This study will determine the current incidence of major complications in a representative sample of 15,000 contemporary adult patients undergoing heart surgery. Knowing the current burden of complications will inform clinicians, administrators, government and granting agencies about resources required to address the problem. This study will also establish the role of measuring heart injury markers to identify important heart injury after heart surgery and the proportion that would go undetected without routine heart injury marker monitoring. This information will facilitate further studies of timely interventions. In summary, the VISION Cardiac Surgery Study addresses fundamental questions that will have profound public health implications given the millions of adults worldwide who undergo heart surgery annually.


Options:
A: DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

* Diagnosed B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) defined by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Working Group criteria
* Meets 1 of the following criteria:

  * Binet stage C disease
  * Binet stage B disease AND ≥ 1 of the following signs or symptoms\*:

    * B symptoms (night sweats, weight loss ≥ 10% within the previous 6 months, fevers \> 38°C or 100.4°F for ≥ 2 weeks without evidence of infection), or constitutional symptoms (fatigue)
    * Continuous progression (doubling of peripheral lymphocyte count within the past 6 months and absolute lymphocyte count \> 50 G/I)
    * Evidence of progressive marrow failure as manifested by the development/worsening of anemia and/or thrombocytopenia
    * Massive, progressive or painful splenomegaly or hypersplenism
    * Massive lymph nodes or lymph node clusters (\> 10 cm in longest diameter), danger of organ complications through large lymphoma (e.g., vascular compression or tracheal narrowing), or progressive lymphadenopathy
    * Occurrence of symptomatic hyperviscosity problems at leukocyte counts \> 200 G/I (symptomatic leukostasis) NOTE: \* Marked hypogammaglobulinemia or the development of a monoclonal protein in the absence of any of the above criteria for active disease is not sufficient for eligibility
* No Binet stage A disease
* No transformation to an aggressive B-cell malignancy (e.g., diffuse large cell lymphoma, Richter's syndrome, or prolymphocytic leukemia)

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-1
* Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) score \> 6
* Life expectancy \> 6 months
* Bilirubin ≤ 2 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
* Alkaline phosphatase and transaminases ≤ 2 times ULN
* Creatinine clearance ≥ 70 mL/min
* Not pregnant or nursing
* Negative pregnancy test
* Fertile patients must use effective contraception during and for 2 months after study treatment
* No known hypersensitivity with anaphylactic reaction to humanized monoclonal antibodies or any of the study drugs
* No cerebral dysfunction that precludes chemotherapy
* No active bacterial, viral, or fungal infection
* No clinically significant autoimmune cytopenia or Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia
* No other active malignancy requiring concurrent treatment except basal cell carcinoma or tumors treated curatively by surgery
* No medical or psychological condition that would preclude study therapy
* No concurrent disease that requires prolonged (\> 1 month) therapy involving glucocorticoids

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

* No previous treatment of CLL by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients must have documented atrial fibrillation on 2 separate occasions within 6 months before screening
* History of a prior stroke, transient ischemic attack or non-neurologic systemic embolism believed to be cardiac in origin, or at least two of the following risk factors: heart failure, hypertension, age 75 years or greater, diabetes mellitus

Exclusion Criteria:

* Significant mitral stenosis
* Transient atrial fibrillation caused by a reversible disorder
* Active internal bleeding
* Severe disabling stroke
* History of intracranial bleeding
* Hemorrhagic disorders
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* \> 18 years old, with coronary stents
* American Society of Anaesthesia physical status II-V
* noncardiac surgery wiht admission
* informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* \< 18 years old
* American Society of Anaesthesia physical status I
* ambulatory surgery
* pregnancy
* obstetric anaesthesia
* endoscopic procedures
* cardiac surgery
* not informed consent
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age ≥ 18 years.
2. Patients who have undergone cardiac surgery. This includes coronary artery bypass grafting and all open heart procedures such as valvular repairs/replacement.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Previously enrolled in the VISION Cardiac Surgery Study.
2. Patients who have undergone an isolated pericardial window, pericardiectomy, permanent pacemaker or defibrillator implantation.

Answer: D