Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Does the Use of a Videolaryngoscope Modifies Anesthetic Induction ?
Brief Summary: Videolaryngoscopes become widely used. The aim of this study is to compare anesthetic induction when patients are tracheally intubated using a MacGraph Mac videolaryngoscope or a conventional MacIntosh laryngoscope.

Tracheal intubation induces a nociceptive stimulation. Hypothesis is that the use of a videolaryngoscope induces a less pronounced nociceptive stimulation and, consequently, that it modifies the anesthetic drugs requirement. .


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* patient scheduled for a general anesthesia with orotracheal intubation

Exclusion Criteria:

* predictable risk of difficult mask ventilation or of difficult tracheal intubation
* necessity of a rapid sequence induction
* contra-indication to the use of the automated administration of propofol and of remifentanil
* contra-indication to the use of atracurium
* Otolaryngology, thoracic surgery, or intracranial surgery
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* age \> 18years
* elective surgery
* single lumen endotracheal intubation required
* signed informed consent
* one risk factor for a difficult laryngoscopy ( Mallampati score \>3, inter-incisor gap \< 3.5cm, thyromental distance \< 6.5cm, sternomental distance \< 12.5cm, reduced neck extension and flexion)

Exclusion Criteria:

* lack of patient consent
* anesthesiologist declines to consent
* contraindication to neuromuscular blockade
* ASA 4
* rapid sequence intubation
* previous failed intubation
* other method of intubation indicated eg fiberoptic intubation, awake tracheostomy
* symptomatic gastro-esophageal reflux
* cervical spine instability
* unstable hypertension and symptomatic coronary artery disease
* cerebrovascular disease or raised intracranial pressure
* oral/pharyngeal/laryngeal carcinoma
* loose teeth/poor dentition
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status of 1-2 and age of 20-80 years undergoing elective endovascular coiling to secure cerebral aneurysm under general anesthesia in neuroangiographic rooms.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with C-spine injury, C-spine disease
* Patients with past medical history of C-spine surgery or intervention
* Patients with the upper airway abnormalities, such as inflammation, abscesses, tumours, polyps, or trauma.
* Patients with past medical history of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and previous airway surgery, a high risk of aspiration, coagulation disorders, or Hunt Hess grade of 3-5.
* Body mass index \> 30
D: Inclusion Criteria:

The patients who will undergo general anesthesia for abdominal surgery, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I to III, The patients who were aged between 20 and 75

Exclusion Criteria:

Our exclusion criteria were to have a history of emergency intubation or a difficult intubation, to have a body mass index higher than 35 or a rheumatologic disease that cause limitation of cervical motion, to have a previous history of cervical operation or tumor, trauma or infection on upper airway, and to have no tooth.

Answer: A