Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Smoking Cessation Following Text Message Intervention in Pregnant Women
Brief Summary: The investigators propose an 18-month, randomized, open-label evaluation of the impact of texting to pregnant, underserved, cigarette smokers on smoking cessation rates. Patients will be eligible if they have a confirmed pregnancy, are English speaking, at least 18 years of age, are in the preparation stage of change and willing to set a quit date within 30 days and before 35 weeks gestation, and have a cellular phone that is capable of receiving text messages. Patients will be randomized to either the texting group or control group. A baseline carbon monoxide level will be obtained. The patient, regardless of group, will have the standard of care smoking cessation visit. If the pharmacist, physician, and patient deem that pharmacotherapy is appropriate, patient will receive nicotine replacement therapy patches or bupropion free of charge in 2-week intervals. Patients in the intervention group will receive text messages focused on smoking cessation and pregnancy. Patients will be seen on a bi-weekly schedule to obtain additional vouchers for patches or for bupropion, meet with the pharmacist, and complete a carbon monoxide exhalation test. These visits will be continued until the pharmacotherapy course is complete.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Have a confirmed pregnancy,
* English speaking,
* 18-55 years of age,
* Are in the preparation stage of change and willing to set a quit date within 30 days and before 35 weeks gestation,
* Have a cellular phone that is capable of receiving text messages, and be willing to pay for any related fees for testing.
* Willing and able to commit to the visit schedule

Exclusion Criteria:

* Gestational age \> 35 weeks at quit date
* If subjects are in the pre-contemplative or contemplative stages of change or have already received 30 minute pharmacy education targeted for the quit date in this pregnancy.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant women attending antenatal care at one of 24 selected primary healthcare facilities

Exclusion Criteria:

* Missing end-of-study questionnaire
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Newly diagnosed HIV positive clients presenting at selected public health facilities, irrespective of CD4 count
* Access to an Android smartphone with data
* Willing to pay the (very small) cost to access their laboratory result
* Age - 18 years and older
* Proof of ID/passport/refugee number (for identification/security, and to confirm the single patient identifier)
* Can read English or Zulu
* Ability and willingness to sign informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Clients presenting for antenatal care services, as these women will be enrolled in the national MomConnect program
* Refusal to participate
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18 years or older,
* HIV-infected pregnant women and their HIV-exposed infants pairs,
* attends the antenatal care (ANC) clinic at one of the study sites.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Less than 18 years of age,
* HIV-infected women not currently pregnant,
* not HIV-infected at the time of the first ANC visit.

Answer: A