Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Impact of a Medication Review on Hospital Readmission: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: The study is a randomized controlled clinical trial. A total 1400 hospitalized patients will be randomized in two groups:

1. group receiving a pharmacist-led standardized medication review (experimental group); and
2. group not receiving the medication review (control group).

The patients will be followed up at 30 days after initial hospitalization. Outcome measures include the number of readmissions; patient satisfaction, quality of medical admission prescription and number of consultation after initial hospitalization.

Discussion: A randomized controlled trial will provide the highest level of evidence on the impact of pharmacist-led standardized medication review on early hospital readmission for extreme age population.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Subjects aged under 18 or over 65 years
* Subject hospitalized in the multidisciplinary pediatric service or internal medicine ward, after emergency department visit at Timone hospital (Marseille, France) regardless of the reason for admission
* Subject with or without any comorbidity
* Living in France
* With national publicly-founded health insurance

Inclusion criteria for parents of minor child:

* Major subject and/or holder of parental authority of a hospitalized child, who fulfills the eligibility criteria mentioned above, in the multidisciplinary pediatric ward;
* Whatever the reason for hospitalization of the patient;

Inclusion criteria for the caregivers of patients older than 65 years:

* Major subject, designated by the patient or designating himself as the person most involved in the daily life of the patient;
* Whatever the reason for hospitalization of the patient;
* Whatever relationship or proximity to the study patient (family member, friend, neighbor);

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients whose care requires regular re-hospitalization / programmed less than 30 days after discharge of initial hospitalization
* Vulnerable persons according to French law (pregnant women, adults under guardianship, persons deprived of liberty)
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Admitted to a medical ward, AND
* \> 55 years AND
* ≥ 10 prescription medications at admission

OR

• ≥ 3 high-risk medications (anticoagulants, antiplatelets, insulin, oral hypoglycemics) at admission

Exclusion Criteria:

* Expected discharge to another state, acute care facility, psychiatric facility, or locked facility (including locked skilled nursing facility, jail, or prison) OR
* Expected AMA or left hospital against medical advice (AMA) OR
* Homeless OR
* On hospice OR
* Already enrolled into study within the past year OR
* Patients admitted by admitting or attending Primary Medical Doctors who have a specialty that is not Internal Medicine or Family Medicine OR
* Expected to receive pharmacist-led peri- and post-discharge medication management regardless of the trial OR
* Expected post-discharge setting not conducive to the studied medication management intervention (e.g. SNF, rehabilitation facility) OR
* Patients admitted with a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Consecutive patients \> 18 years of age admitted to participating internal and family medicine teams during the 1 year study period will be eligible to receive the pharmacist intervention. For the purposes of data analysis, patients with a most responsible or primary diagnosis of HF, COPD, CAP, T2DM, and CAD will be included.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Residence outside the Capital Health catchment
* Admitted for ≤ 2 days
* Palliative care
* Transferred to another team
D: Inclusion Criteria:

All patients aged 65 years and over presenting to CUH Accident and Emergency Departments with acute illness for admission under a medical or surgical team.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Age less than 65 years.
2. Patient to be admitted under the care of a Geriatrician Psychiatrist of Old Age or Clinical Pharmacologist, or having been admitted under these services or attended their outpatient clinics in the previous 12 months. (These doctor groups are likely to minimise inappropriate medications in this population).
3. Terminally ill patient attended by palliative care team.
4. Critically ill patient e.g. admitted to Intensive Care Unit.
5. Patients who do not wish to participate in the study.
6. Patients whose hospital physician does not wish to participate in the study.

Answer: A