Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Telecommunication Enhanced Asthma Management
Brief Summary: The primary aim of this project is to conduct a randomized practical clinical trial within a large health maintenance organization to test a telephone intervention designed to improve adherence to daily asthma medications and thereby improve asthma outcomes. The investigators hypothesize that adherence with inhaled corticosteroid medications in the TEAM intervention group will be greater than in the usual care group.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥ 12 and ≤ 17 years.
* Access to Apple or Android based smart phone
* Mild to severe persistent asthma or poorly controlled asthma (see definitions below).

  o A different assessment of eligibility will be performed depending on whether or not the parent reports use of a preventive asthma medication at baseline. This is consistent with 2007 National Asthma Education Prevention Program recommendations that make a strong distinction between classifying asthma severity (for children not using preventive medications) and assessing control (for children using preventive medications). If a child has used a preventive medication in the past, but reports no use of the medication in the prior 3 months, we will assess severity.)
* Children not using a preventive medication at baseline: Assess for mild persistent to severe persistent asthma. Any 1 of the following, during the prior 4 weeks (as defined by parent interview in the waiting room) will determine severity:

  * An average of \>2 days per week with asthma symptoms
  * \>2 days per week with rescue medication use
  * ≥2 nights per month awakened with nighttime symptoms
  * Minor limitation of activity
  * ≥2 episodes of asthma during the past year that have required systemic corticosteroids
* Children using a preventive medication at baseline: Assess for poorly controlled asthma. Any 1 of the following, during the prior 4 weeks (as defined by parent interview in the waiting room) will determine control:

  * An average of \>2 days per week with asthma symptoms
  * \>2 days per week with rescue medication use
  * ≥2 nights per month awakened with nighttime symptoms
  * Some limitation of activity
  * ≥2 episodes of asthma during the past year that have required systemic corticosteroids.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Significant underlying respiratory disease other than asthma (such as cystic fibrosis or chronic lung disease) that could potentially interfere with asthma-related outcome measures.
* Significant co-morbid conditions (such as moderate to severe developmental delay, i.e. special education classroom or diagnosis) that could preclude participation in an education-based intervention.
* Inability to speak or understand English (child or parent).
* Children in foster care or other situations in which consent cannot be obtained from a guardian.
* Prior enrollment in the study.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* 13-19 years of age
* Physician diagnosis of acute asthma at the Emergency Department visit
* Parent written informed consent
* Teen written informed assent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability to provide informed consent/assent
* No physician diagnosis of asthma
* Other co-morbidities that make it impossible for individual to participate.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* 3-12 year old children with asthma requiring daily corticosteroid

Exclusion Criteria:

* sibling already in study
* physician excludes from participation
* non English Speaking
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* A physician diagnosis of asthma AND recent asthma symptoms, health care utilization for asthma, and/or use of medication (or refills of medication) to alleviate asthma symptoms OR
* No physician diagnosis of asthma AND positive responses to items selected from the International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Children (ISAAC) survey AND asthma symptoms similar to those used in the Expert Panel II for classification of mild intermittent asthma

Exclusion Criteria:

* Does not meet asthma symptom criteria

Answer: C