Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Pharmacotherapies: Efficacy, Mechanisms and Algorithms
Brief Summary: The proposed work will advance the understanding and effectiveness of tobacco dependence treatment and result in more smokers quitting successfully.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male and female cigarette smokers over the age of 18 years who are not willing/able to quit smoking within the next month but who are willing to attempt to reduce their smoking to work toward a quit attempt within the next 3 months.
* Subjects must have smoked an average of at least 10 cigarettes per day during the past year and during the month prior to the screening visit, with no continuous period of abstinence greater than 3 months in the past year and who have an exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) \>10 ppm at screening.
* Subjects with mild to moderate depression or anxiety may be included if their condition is stable.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects with a history of a suicide attempt or any suicidal behavior in the past two years.
* Subjects with severe depression or anxiety.
* Subjects with psychosis, panic disorder, bipolar disorder, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or schizophrenia.
* Subjects with alcohol or substance abuse or dependence (except nicotine) unless in full remission for at least 12 months.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Smokes at least 10 cigarettes per day for at least the past 2 years
* Meets DSM-IV criteria for nicotine dependence, as determined by the Fagerstrom Nicotine Tolerance Questionnaire
* Meets DSM-IV diagnoses of unipolar depressive disorders (major depression, dysthymia, and minor depression)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Current suicidal or homicidal risk
* Serious illness, including cardiovascular, liver, kidney, respiratory, endocrine, neurologic, or hematologic disease
* Untreated peptic ulcer
* Life-threatening arrhythmia, cerebrovascular, or cardiovascular event within the 6 months prior to enrollment
* Severe respiratory compromise, as defined as a FEV-1 less than 1.0 L/min and/or pO2 less than 60 or pCO2 less than 45
* Currently using nicotine-containing products (e.g., cigar, pipe, snuff, nicotine gum)
* History of a seizure disorder
* Current DSM-IV diagnosis of organic mental disorder, schizophrenia, delusional disorder, psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, or antisocial personality disorder
* Current DSM-IV diagnosis of substance abuse or dependence disorders within the year prior to enrollment
* Current eating disorder, including anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
* History of multiple adverse drug reactions or allergy to bupropion
* Mood congruent or mood incongruent psychotic features
* Current use of other psychotropic drugs (with the exception of hypnotics and benzodiazepines at stable doses for at least six months prior to enrollment or current use of nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics such as Ambien and Sonata)
* Clinical or laboratory evidence of hypothyroidism
* Currently seeking treatment for smoking cessation
* History of skin diseases (e.g., psoriasis), skin allergies, or strong reactions to topical preparations, medical dressings, or tapes
* Currently using topical drugs
* Pregnant
* Not using adequate methods of contraception
C: Light smokers (6-15 cigarettes per day

Inclusion Criteria:

Mentally and physically stable, non-pregnant, light smokers (6-15 cigarettes per day)

Exclusion Criteria:

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D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Smoke at least 10 cigarettes per day for the previous 6 months - Expired CO \> 9 ppm - Motivated to quit smoking - Able to read and write English - Willing to complete required study assessments

Exclusion Criteria:

* Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic \>180mm Hg or diastolic \>110mm Hg) - History of bipolar disorder or psychosis - Myocardial infarction or other serious cardiac problem in the previous 4 weeks - History of diagnosed anorexia and/or bulimia - Diagnosis of Alcohol Dependence in the previous 6 months by participant self-report or drinking 6 or more drinks on six or more days a week - History of seizure and/or serious head injury involving loss of consciousness - Use of contraindicated medications (MAO inhibitors, bupropion, lithium, anticonvulsants, antipsychotics) - Currently pregnant or breast-feeding - Unwilling to use effective contraception during the treatment phase - More than one participant from the same household - Allergic reactions to 3 or more classes of drugs

Answer: D