Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Effect of Resistance Training in Adults With Complex Congenital Heart Disease
Brief Summary: Adults with complex congenital heart disease have impaired muscle function compared both to health controls and patients with lesions classified as simple. There is only one study assessing the effects of resistance training in patients palliated with Fontan procedure. The hypotheses of the present study is that home based resistance training will improve muscle function in adults with different complex congenital hear diseases.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Between the ages of 18-25 (if 18, must no longer be in high school and no longer living at home)
2. Are diagnosed with moderate or complex structural congenital heart disease
3. Live within 120 miles of Nationwide Children's Hospital

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Do no speak or write proficiently in English
2. Have cognitive impairments that would interfere with the completion of study procedures
3. Are diagnosed with a genetic syndrome (e.g., Downs, Marfans)
4. Have been engaged in a formal exercise program within the past 6 months
5. Underwent open-heart surgery or have had a transcatheter valve replacement in the last 3 months
6. Are otherwise prohibited by their cardiologist to engage in at least moderate levels of physical activity
7. Are unable to complete a treadmill-based exercise stress test
8. Are currently pregnant
9. Have contraindications for exercise based on an exercise stress test (e.g., exercise-induced arrhythmias or evidence of cardiac ischemia)
10. \>150 min/weekday of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per the accelerometer
11. Do not have access or a device for videoconferencing with the coach
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Complex congenital heart disease ( e.g. tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great arteries, pulmonary atresia, patients palliated with Fontan procedure or total cavo-pulmonary connection).
* Clinically stable without significant change the last 3 months.
* Adult (\> 18 years of age).
* Informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Cognitive impairment affecting the ability of independent decision making.
* Present strategy of regularly executing resistance training \> 2times per week in purpose to increase muscle strength.
* Other comorbidity affecting physical activity.
* Other circumstance making participation unsuitable.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Boys and girls ages 10 to 17 years with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot, currently followed at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario
* Participant fluent in English

Exclusion Criteria:

* Moderate-to-severe ventricular dysfunction at the latest echocardiogram (defined as the qualitative grade given on the echocardiogram done closest to the intervention)
* Previous history of or documented frequent premature atrial or ventricular contractions or runs or associated tachycardia at the latest exercise test
* Reside outside 50km radius from SickKids or \>1hour travel distance to SickKids
* Lack of internet and computer/laptop access
* Skeletal muscle or orthopedic pathologies
* Neurodevelopmental delay that would preclude participation in an exercise program
* History of syncope with exercise
* Planned surgery requiring admission to intensive care unit during the study intervention
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Both gender, aged between 12 and 30 years
* Patients undergoing the Fontan operation with time postoperatively ≥5 years
* Clinically stable patients, no arrhythmia in the last electrocardiogram or clinical assessment
* Consent by the cardiologist
* Patients who voluntarily signed the consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome
* Changes that reduce musculoskeletal walking skills
* Neurological sequelae, patients with associated genetic syndrome, disturbance cognitive or psychiatric
* Patients with a history of ventricular arrhythmias, cardio respiratory arrest, users of anti-arrhythmic drugs and / or underwent implantation of pacemaker
* Atrial arrhythmia requiring treatment in the last 6 months
* Patients with heart failure not controlled by medications and lung hypertension
* Patients with protein-losing enteropathy
* Severe hypoxemia (oxygen saturation \<80% at rest)
* Symptomatic patients with a diagnosis of diaphragmatic paresis or paralysis postoperative patients, with or without plication
* Patients with moderate to severe asthma
* Patients who live outside the area of Sao Paulo

Answer: B