Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled, Three-Arm, Phase III Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Two Dosing Schedules of Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) Compared to Ipilimumab in Patients With Advanced Melanoma
Brief Summary: This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of 2 different dosing schedules of pembrolizumab (MK-3475), every 2 weeks (Q2W) and every 3 weeks (Q3W), and compare the 2 schedules to treatment with ipilimumab in ipilimumab-naïve participants with unresectable or metastatic melanoma. The primary hypotheses are that pembrolizumab is superior to ipilimumab with respect to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).


Options:
A: For more information regarding BMS clinical trial participation, please visit www.BMSStudyConnect.com

Key Inclusion Criteria:

* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1
* Histologically confirmed unresectable Stage III or Stage IV melanoma
* No prior systemic anticancer therapy for unresectable or metastatic melanoma. Note that prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant melanoma therapy is permitted if it was completed at least 6 weeks prior to date of first dose, and all related adverse events have either returned to baseline or stabilized
* Tumor tissue obtained in the metastatic setting or from an unresectable site must be provided for biomarker analyses and sent to the central laboratory. Biopsy should be excisional, incisional punch, or core needle. Fine needle aspirates or other cytology samples are insufficient
* Known BRAF V600 mutation status as determined by an FDA-approved test. Patients with either V600 wild-type or V600 mutation-positive melanoma are eligible.

Key Exclusion Criteria:

* Active brain metastases or leptomeningeal metastases. Patients with treated brain metastases are eligible if there is no evidence of progression on magnetic resonance imaging scan for at least 8 weeks after completion of treatment and within 28 days prior to first dose of study drug administration. There must also be no requirement for high doses of systemic corticosteroids that could result in immunosuppression (\>10 mg/day prednisone equivalents) for at least 2 weeks prior to study drug administration
* Ocular melanoma
* Patients with active, known, or suspected autoimmune disease. Those with vitiligo, type I diabetes mellitus, residual hypothyroidism due to autoimmune condition only requiring hormone replacement, psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment, or conditions not expected to recur in the absence of an external trigger are permitted to enroll.
B: Inclusion:

* Patients must have metastatic and/or recurrent SCCHN that has been previously treated with cetuximab.
* Undetectable baseline serum IL-6 NOTE : This eligibility criterion applies only to patients enrolling to the second, biomarker-enrichment stage of the trial.
* Measurable disease per RECIST 1.1.
* Unlimited prior treatment with radiation or chemoradiotherapy
* Any number of prior regimens for recurrent or metastatic SCCHN (i.e. palliative treatment) including cetuximab or other EGFR inhibitor
* Age \>18 years
* ECOG performance status \<2 (Karnofsky \>60%, see Appendix A).
* Life expectancy of greater than 12 weeks.
* Patients must have normal organ and marrow function as defined below:

  1. absolute neutrophil count \>1,200/µL
  2. platelets \>100,000/µL
  3. total bilirubin within normal institutional limits
  4. AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT) \< 2.5 X institutional upper limit of normal
  5. Creatinine up to 1.5 X normal institutional limits
* Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed Consent document.
* Patients should not be taking concomitant medication that are CYP3A4 inducers or potent inhibitors and should try to avoid taking proton pump inhibitors and H2 antagonists during rest of treatment period. The above medications will be continued only if medically necessary and their use will be noted.
* Sexually active women of childbearing potential must use an effective method of birth control during the course of the study, in a manner such that risk of failure is minimized. Prior to study enrollment, women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) must be advised of the importance of avoiding pregnancy during trial participation and the potential risk factors for an unintentional pregnancy. In addition, men enrolled on this study should understand the risks to any sexual partner of childbearing potential and should practice an effective method of birth control. All WOCBP MUST have a negative pregnancy test prior to first receiving investigational product. If the pregnancy test is positive, the patient must not receive investigational product and must not be enrolled in the study. In addition, all WOCBP should be instructed to contact the Investigator immediately if they suspect they might be pregnant (e.g., missed or late menstrual period) at any time during study participation.

Exclusion:

* Patients who have not recovered from adverse events due to prior agents. A minimum interval of 3 weeks should have elapsed from prior chemotherapy other than cetuximab. A minimum of 12 weeks should have elapsed from prior definitive radiotherapy, and a minimum of 1 week should have elapsed from prior palliative radiotherapy.
* Patients may not have received an investigational agent within 4 weeks of starting this trial.
* Patients with untreated brain metastases should be excluded from this clinical trial.
* History of allergic reactions to monoclonal antibodies.
* Inability to swallow oral medications (unless patients use a feeding tube in which case they are eligible).
* Uncontrolled angina or uncontrolled hypertension or any history of clinically significant ventricular arrhythmias (such as ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, or Torsades de pointes).
* Prolonged QTc interval on pre-entry electrocardiogram (\> 450 msec) on the Bazett's correction.
* Diagnosed or suspected congenital long QT syndrome.
* Patients currently taking drugs that are generally accepted to have a risk of causing Torsades de Pointes including: quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide, amiodarone, sotalol, ibutilide, dofetilide, erythromycins, clarithromycin, chlorpromazine, haloperidol, mesoridazine, thioridazine, pimozide, cisapride, bepridil, droperidol, methadone, arsenic, chloroquine, domperidone, halofantrine, levomethadyl, pentamidine, sparfloxacin, lidoflazine.
* Any other uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
* History of significant bleeding disorder unrelated to cancer, including: diagnosed congenital bleeding disorders (e.g., von Willebrand's disease), diagnosed acquired bleeding disorder within one year (e.g., acquired anti-factor VIII antibodies).
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Histologically-confirmed diagnosis of unresectable Stage III or metastatic melanoma not amenable to local therapy (excluding uveal or ocular melanoma)
* At least one measurable lesion
* No prior systemic treatment (excluding adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy) for melanoma (first line) or one prior systemic treatment (excluding adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy) for melanoma (second line)
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0 or 1
* Archived tissue sample or new biopsy sample
* Female participants of childbearing potential must agree to use effective contraception from Visit 1 to 120 days after the last dose of study drug; male participants must agree to use an adequate method of contraception starting with the first dose of study drug through 120 days after the last dose of study drug

Exclusion criteria:

* Prior treatment with ipilimumab or other anti-cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4) agent or any anti-programmed cell death (PD-1 or PD-L2) agent
* Chemotherapy, radioactive, or biological cancer therapy within four weeks prior to the first dose of study drug, or not recovered from adverse events caused by cancer therapeutics administered more than four weeks earlier
* Currently participating or has participated in a study of an investigational agent or using an investigational device within 30 days of the first dose of study drug
* Expected to require any other form of systemic or localized antineoplastic therapy while on study
* On any systemic steroid therapy within one week before the planned date for first dose of randomized treatment or on any other form of immunosuppressive medication
* History of a malignancy (other than the disease under treatment in the study) within 5 years prior to first study drug administration, excluding adequately treated Stage 1 or Stage 2 basal/squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, carcinoma in situ of the cervix or breast, or other in situ cancers.
* Known active central nervous system (CNS) metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis; participants with previously treated brain metastases are eligible
* Severe hypersensitivity reaction to treatment with another monoclonal antibody
* Active autoimmune disease or a documented history of autoimmune disease or syndrome that requires systemic steroids or immunosuppressive agents
* Active infection requiring systemic therapy
* Known history of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
* Known history of or positive for Hepatitis B or C
* Known psychiatric or substance abuse disorder
* Regular user (including recreational use) of illicit drugs or had a recent history (within the last year) of substance abuse (including alcohol)
* Pregnant or breastfeeding, or expecting to conceive, or father children within the projected duration of the study
* Received a live vaccine within 30 days prior to first dose of study drug
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with upper aerodigestive tract carcinomas (all sites included) having surgical resection and eligible for post-operative radiation + cisplatin.
* Patient having a tumoral biopsy (0.5 - 1 cm3) stored in liquid nitrogen at time of surgical resection (patients with small tumors located in larynx for instance will not be included)
* Patients receiving post-operative radiation (\>=60 Gy on tumor bed and/or cervical area), associated with cisplatin, 6 weeks after surgery at the latest.

Exclusion Criteria:

* previous history of cancer (except skin basal cell carcinoma)

Answer: C