Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Renal Denervation in Patients With Refractory Hypertension
Brief Summary: To investigate the clinical utility of renal denervation in the treatment of refractory hypertension.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Individual is more than 18 and less than 75 years old at time of randomization
* Essential hypertension diagnosed during a complete work-up within the past 2 years
* Office blood pressure ≥140 and/or 90 mmHg despite a stable medication regimen including full tolerated doses of 3 or more anti-hypertensive medications of different classes, including a diuretic
* 2 functional kidneys sizing ≥ 90 mm; eGFR ≥ 40 mL/min/1.73m² (MDRD formula)
* Suitable renal anatomy compatible with the endovascular denervation procedure
* Signed Informed consent
* Confirmed resistant hypertension defined by diurnal ambulatory blood pressure measurement ≥ 135 and/or 85 mmHg after 4 week standardized triple antihypertensive treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 40 mL/min/1.73 m2
* Patients with secondary hypertension
* Kaliemia ≥ 6mmol/L
* Patient with single functioning kidney
* Patient with contrast media allergy
* Patient with any implantable device incompatible with radiofrequency energy delivery
* Patient with contra-indication to the anti-hypertensive standardized medication regimen
* Patient with transient or fixed cerebral ischemia within 3 months before inclusion
* Patient with myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, coronary bypass or percutaneous angioplasty within 3 months before inclusion
* Patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus
* Patient with malignancy within the 5 past years
* Patient with atrial fibrillation and/or a brachial circumference of ≥ 42cm
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* \>= 18 years of age
* a systolic blood pressure of 160mmHg or more
* receiving and adhering to full doses of at least three antihypertensive drugs
* estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of ≥45mL/min
* agrees to have the study procedure(s) performed and additional procedures and evaluations
* is competent and willing to provide written, informed consent to participate in this clinical study

Exclusion Criteria:

* hemodynamically or anatomically significant renal artery stenosis
* has a history or prior renal artery angioplasty
* has experienced MI, unstable angina pectoris, or CVA within 6 months
* has hemodynamically significant valvular heart disease
* has Type 1 diabetes
* has an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) or pacemaker, or any other metallic implant which is not compatible with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
* requires respiratory support
* is pregnant, nursing, or planning to be pregnant
* has known, unresolved history of drug use or alcohol dependency.
* is currently enrolled in another investigational drug or device trial.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Symptomatic drug-refractory AF (with history of failure of ≥2 class I or III antiarrhythmic drugs) in patients referred for catheter ablation of AF
* PAF with ≥1 monthly episodes or PersAF in patients who had already undergone ≥3 electrical cardioversions. PAF was defined as episodes lasting less than 7 days with spontaneous termination. PersAF was defined as lasting more than 7 days before being terminated pharmacologically or by electrical cardioversion.
* Office-based systolic blood pressure of ≥160 mm Hg, despite treatment with ≥3 antihypertensive drugs (including 1 diuretic)
* A glomerular filtration rate ≥45 mL/min/1⋅73 m2, with modification of diet using a renal disease formula

Exclusion Criteria:

* Previous atrial fibrillation ablation
* Type 1 of diabetes mellitus
* Structural heart disease
* Secondary cause of atrial hypertension
* Severe renal artery stenosis or renal arteries abnormalities
* Previous operations on renal arteries
* Pregnancy
* Previous heart, kidney, liver, or lung transplantation
* Unwillingness of participant
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Subjects aged ≥ 18 years and ≤ 80 years.
2. Subjects with diagnosed resistant arterial hypertension (office blood pressure ≥ 140 and/or 90 mm Hg despite treatment with at least 3 antihypertensive drugs given at the maximum tolerated therapeutic dosage, being one of them a diuretic), with this therapeutic regimen maintained for at least the last 3 months.
3. Office systolic blood pressure ≥150 mm Hg, with confirmation of resistance to treatment by 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, with 24h-systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg being required to be included.
4. Patients who have freely given informed consent in writing, after the nature of the study and the disclosure of their data have been explained to them.

Exclusion Criteria:

* 1. Secondary hypertension, renovascular disease included with appropriate tests according to investigator criteria (with the exceptions of chronic renal disease and obstructive sleep-apnea syndrome). 2. Inability to perform magnetic resonance angiography or renal CT angiography (contrast allergy). 3. Patients unlikely compliant with treatment (assessed according to Haynes-Sackett test). 4. Patients currently on treatment with an aldosterone receptor blocker (spironolactone, eplerenone) or who had previously received one of such class of drugs and had been withdrawn due to lack of efficacy and/or adverse effects. 5. Stage 3B, 4 or 5 of chronic renal disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate by MDRD equation \< 45 mL/min/1.73m2). 6. Pre-randomization serum potassium (K+) level ≥ 5.5 mmol/L. 7. Significant renal vascular anomalies. 8. Pregnant women. 9. Significant valvular heart disease. 10. Major vascular event (myocardial infarction, unstable angina or cerebrovascular disease) \< 6 months prior to study enrolment.

Answer: B