Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Eye Study
Brief Summary: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an eye disease that can occur in people with diabetes and can cause poor vision or blindness. The Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study is examining the effect of various treatments on cardiovascular disease in people with diabetes. This current study will examine the effects of the ACCORD treatments on the progression of DR in people participating in the ACCORD study.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* type 1 diabetic (DM) for 2-20 yrs
* type 1 DM onset prior to 45; if onset was between ages 31-41, BMI \<26; onset 41-45, positive GAD or ICA required
* normal or increased GFR
* normal BP
* normoalbuminuric (\<20 ug/min on 2 of 3 time overnight urine collections)

Exclusion Criteria:

* type 1 DM duration longer than 20 yrs
* hypertension (\>85/135 mmHg)
* reduced GFR (\<90 ml/min/1.73m2)
* microalbuminuria
* solitary kidney or evidence of unilateral renal disease
* evidence of other important kidney disease by history, ultrasound or biopsy
* other chronic diseases or conditions such as cystic fibrosis, serious mental illness, severe mental retardation, etc.
* pregnancy or females planning pregnancy within 2 years were excluded due to the drugs being used
* compliance (pt not taking at least 85% of two week placebo were excluded)
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Type 1 diabetes diagnosed before age of 36 years and in need for continuous insulin treatment within 1 year of diagnosis of diabetes are included.
* Duration of diabetes for \> 1 year and \< 15 years with stable diabetic therapy within last 6 months.
* Patients with untreated resting mean sitting SBP \< 130 mmHg, mean sitting DBP \< 85 mmHg and with retinal photograph grading level 10/10 (on ETDRS severity scale).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with the following conditions are excluded from participation in the study:
* Cataract or media opacity of a degree which precludes taking gradable retinal photographs
* Angle closure glaucoma, which precludes pharmacological dilatation of the pupil
* History of retinopathy
* History or presence of clinical significant macular oedema (CSME)
* History or evidence of photocoagulation of the retina Other retinal conditions which may mask assessment, eg, retinal vein occlusion
* Positive micral dipstick test
* Presence of secondary diabetes
* Pregnant or lactating women or women of child bearing potential not practicing an adequate method of contraception
* Need of treatment with ACE-inhibitor
* Haemodynamically significant aortic or mitral valve stenosis
* Known renal artery stenosis or kidney transplantation
* Hypersensitivity to study drug
* Severe concomitant disease which may interfere with the assessment of the patient, eg, malignancy, as judged by the investigator
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Participating in the ACCORD study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Has had laser photocoagulation for DR
* Has had vitrectomy surgery for DR
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Visited Duke General Internal Medicine Primary Care Clinic at Pickett Road or Duke Outpatient Clinic between April 2003 and April 2004
* Diagnosed with high BP
* Currently residing in an eight county area, including Durham County, NC and surrounding counties
* Currently taking BP medication
* Receives most medical care at the Duke Primary Care clinics
* Able to speak and understand English over the phone

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosed with dementia
* Diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease
* Diagnosed with atrial fibrillation
* Diagnosed with end stage kidney disease
* Hospitalized for stroke, heart attack, or coronary artery revascularization in the 3 months prior to study entry
* Diagnosed with metastatic cancer in the 3 months prior to study entry
* Receiving kidney dialysis
* Pregnant or expecting to become pregnant in the 2 years following study entry
* Currently residing in a nursing home or receiving home health care
* Severely impaired speech or hearing
* Participating in another blood pressure study
* Has another family member participating in this study

Answer: C