Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: International Study of Improving Treatment for the Most Severely Ill With Schizophrenia
Brief Summary: This is a 9 week, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with two parallel groups. There is also an open-label extension phase of 18 weeks. Both medications to be used in the study, clozapine and risperidone, are fully approved for the treatment of schizophrenia.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Subjects treated with clozapine for the indication of poor response to other antipsychotic medications.
* Treatment with clozapine is at a stable dose for at least 12 weeks. Dose must be 400 mg/day or more, unless side effects limited increase of dose.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects with significant alcohol or substance abuse in the past 3 months.
* Subjects with a previous trial of risperidone augmentation of clozapine
* Subjects who are pregnant, breast-feeding, or women of child-bearing potential not using adequate contraception
* Subjects requiring treatment with anticonvulsants.
* Subjects with known hypersensitivity or allergy to risperidone.
* Subjects with hematological or other contraindications to continued clozapine treatment.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
* stable with respect to disease symptoms and other medical conditions
* stable on any oral antipsychotic drug (except clozapine) for 4 weeks before the study
* patients identify a relative or acquaintance who can complete a questionnaire with additional information about the patient
* if female, using birth control.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patient is not eligible if currently hospitalized, or was treated for an acute disease-related crisis within the past 4 weeks
* at risk to self or others
* use of injectable antipsychotic drugs or electroconvulsive therapy within past 6 months, or currently using carbamazepineor an oral antipsychotic drug in a dose that is higher than 8 milligrams per day in risperidone equivalents, of long-acting risperidone in an earlier study, of clozapine, or use of investigational drugs within 30 days, or of electroconvulsive therapy within past 6 months
* presence of liver or kidney damage
* history of neuroleptic malignant syndrome
* if pregnant or breast-feeding
* not using birth control
* abusing drugs or alcohol.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or female subjects aged ≥ 18 years
* Suffering from a primary psychotic disorder (confirmed using the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview for DSM-IV (Version 5.0.0)
* Treated with two antipsychotic drugs for at least 30 days (excluding "prn" or "as needed" antipsychotic prescriptions)

Exclusion Criteria:

* A history of treatment with a depot antipsychotic within 6-months of enrollment will be excluded form the study unless the depot antipsychotic is considered the "main" antipsychotic drug in this study
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* schizophrenia
* CGI \>=4
* washout of antipsychotics at least 3-5 days
* written informed consents

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of serious adverse events to sulpiride or amisulpride
* History of neuroleptic malignant syndrome or tardive dyskinesia to antipsychotics
* treatment-resistant schizophrenia
* long-acting antipsychotics in the past 3 months
* comorbid with substance abuse/dependence
* female subjects with pregnancy
* severe physical illness

Answer: A