Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Using a Theory-based SMS/VM Intervention to Improve Sexual and Reproductive Health of Female Entertainment Workers in Cambodia: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: In Cambodia, HIV is prevalent in several high-risk groups including among female entertainment workers (FEWs) who work at entertainment venues such as karaoke bars and massage parlors and may engage in direct or indirect sex work. Reaching FEWs with sexual and reproductive health services such as testing and treatment for HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and contraception has been difficult because they are hidden and stigmatized. Mobile phone-based interventions may prove to be an effective way to reach this population and connect them with the existing services. This article describes study design and implementation of a two-arm randomized controlled trial of a mobile health intervention (the Mobile Link) aiming to improve sexual and reproductive health outcomes among FEWs in Cambodia. A two-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be used to determine the effectiveness of a mobile phone-based text/voice messaging intervention. The intervention will be developed through a participatory process; 50 FEWs will work alongside researchers in focus groups to modify and tailor behavior change theory-based text and voice messages. Then, 600 FEWs will be recruited and randomly assigned into one of two arms: (1) a control group and (2) a mobile phone message group (either text messages or voice messages, delivery method chosen by participant). The primary outcome measures include HIV testing, condom use, STI testing and treatment and contraceptive use. If the Mobile Link trial is successful, an increase in condom use, screening and treatment for HIV and STI and contraception use is expected. These outcomes would lead to a reduction in the prevalence of HIV, STIs and unintended pregnancies. This trial is unique in a number of ways. First, the option of participation mode is offered to allow participants to choose the message medium that best links them to services. Second, this is the first RCT of a mobile phone-based behavior change intervention using SMS/VMs to support linkage to sexual and reproductive health services in Cambodia. Third, we are working with is a hidden, hard-to-reach and dynamic population with which traditional methods of outreach have not been fully successful.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Aged 14-19 years
* Sexually active with males in the past three months
* Presenting to the ED for a reproductive health complaint.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Presently pregnant
* Too ill for participation per the attending physician
* Cognitively impaired
* In foster care or a ward of the state
* Does not speak English or Spanish
* Does not own a cellular or mobile phone with text messaging capabilities
* Used contraception at last intercourse and/or is currently using any "highly effective" or "effective" form of contraception (as defined by the World Health Organization)
* Does not live in Manhattan or the Bronx
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Truck Drivers or Trucking Assistants (Sample 1) and female sex workers(Sample 2) registered in the North Star Alliance electronic health record system and who
* had no indication that they were HIV-positive
* resided in Kenya
* had a valid mobile phone number listed
* had fewer than four HIV tests recorded in the system in the past 12 months (indicating that they were not following the recommendation to test every 3 months for 4 tests per year), and
* had not had an HIV test in the past 3 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

* None
C: Inclusion Criteria:

Women between 18 and 40 years old are eligible for inclusion if they have had a safe normal delivery of a live infant delivery at a Jacaranda Health facility. Eligible women must reside in a 20 km radius from the Jacaranda Health's hospital facility in peri-urban Nairobi. Women must provide a phone number to where they expect that can be reached 2 weeks postpartum.

Exclusion Criteria:

Women who elect to leave the Jacaranda Health facility before the recommended 24 hours, against medical advice, postpartum are not eligible to participate in the postpartum care study. Women and their newborns who are referred to another hospital for higher level emergency obstetric or neonatal care will not be eligible to participate. Women who relocate outside the defined geographic area surrounding the hospital after their delivery are also not eligible.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

All participants must:

* live and work at an entertainment venue in Cambodia;
* currently sexually active defined as engaged in oral, vaginal or anal sex in the past 3 months;
* own their own mobile phone;
* know how to retrieve VM or retrieve and read SMS on mobile phone (Khmer or Khmer with English alphabet);
* self-identify as a FEW;
* are willing to receive at most one SMS/VM per day for one year;
* provide written informed consent and
* agree to a follow-up visit after six months and 12 months.

Answer: D