Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Community Clinic Test of Youth Anxiety and Depression Study
Brief Summary: Structured, manualized treatments have been developed for numerous mental health problems and disorders among children and adolescents, and a number of these have shown strong beneficial effects in clinical trials. Such findings have led to proposals that the empirically supported treatments be used to improve outcomes of conventional clinic treatment, which some research suggests may not be very effective. But can these lab-tested treatments actually work in service-oriented clinics with referred youth? Available evidence cannot tell us, because the therapists, conditions, and clientele in the laboratory efficacy tests tend to differ so markedly from those of clinical practice. To assess the clinical potential of efficacy-tested treatments, we need effectiveness research that tests these treatments in the crucible of clinical practice. To help begin this process, the proposed research focuses on a specific treatment program for a specific cluster of disorders: Kendall's (1994) cognitive-behavioral "Coping Cat" program for child and adolescent anxiety disorders. The program has shown unusually positive effects across a series of clinical trials in the U.S. and Australia, but it has never been tested in real-world clinical conditions. The proposed study will test the effectiveness of the treatment with clinic-referred youth, treated in community clinics, with the treatment carried out by clinic staff therapists. Some 128 youth, aged 9-14, referred for anxiety and diagnosed with anxiety disorders, will be randomly assigned to receive either the usual treatment in the clinic, or the Kendall program, carried out by clinic staff who have been trained to proficiency. Therapists for the two treatment conditions will also be chosen randomly, from a pool of volunteers. Outcome assessment at immediate post-treatment, 1-year, and 2-year follow-ups, will test effects across many outcomes. It is hypothesized that outcomes for youths treated using the cognitive-behavioral treatment will be superior to those treated using usual care.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria for separation anxiety disorder, social phobia, or generalized anxiety disorder

Exclusion Criteria:

* Major neurological disorder or medical illness that would interfere with participation in the study
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Outpatient adolescents with ASD (see below) between the ages 11-14 years.
* Meets criteria for a diagnosis of autism, Asperger syndrome (AS), or Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified .
* Meets criteria for a diagnosis of one of the following anxiety disorders: separation anxiety disorder (SAD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social phobia, or obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).
* Child has a Full Scale and Verbal Comprehension IQ≥85.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Receiving concurrent psychotherapy, social skills training, or behavioral interventions (e.g., applied behavior analysis). Families will have the option of discontinuing such services to enroll in the study.
* Has started an antidepressant within 12 weeks before study enrollment or an antipsychotic 6 weeks before study enrollment.
* Has changed established psychotropic medications (e.g., antidepressants, anxioloytics) within 8 weeks before study enrollment (6 weeks for antipsychotic).
* Is currently suicidal or has been actively suicidal in the last 6 months.
* Has been diagnosed with bipolar, schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders; or Substance abuse in past 6 months.
* Presence of a significant and/or unstable medical illness which might lead to hospitalization during the study.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Primary DSM-IV anxiety or depressive disorder

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pervasive developmental disorder
* Psychotic disorder
* Mental retardation
D: Inclusion Criteria:

Children:

* meet criteria for a primary DSM5 anxiety disorder of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social phobia (SOP), and separation anxiety disorder (SAD) using the DSM-5 version of the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule -Child and Parent Versions (ADIS-C/P)
* mean score of 4 or greater on the ADIS-C/P Clinician Rating Scale of Severity (CSR)
* ceasing all other psychosocial treatment upon consultation with the clinic staff and the service provider
* not using any psychotropic medication other than a stable dose of stimulant medication treatment for comorbid ADHD or a stable dose of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI)
* children who are on a stable dose of stimulant medication or SSRI (i.e., a minimum of six weeks at the same dose) will be included so as not to limit generalizability.

Exclusion Criteria:

Children:

* primary diagnosis of any Axis I DSM-IV disorder other than GAD, SOP, Phobias and SAD
* any of the following disorders (e.g., primary, secondary, tertiary) - Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Mental Retardation, Organic Mental Disorders, Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
* drug or alcohol abuse/dependence will also be exclusionary
* tic disorders will not be exclusionary unless they require psychotropic medication to stabilize
* Significant active suicidal ideation or a past suicide attempt in the last 6 months. Adolescents with a history of non-lethal self-harm behaviors (e.g., cutting) will be allowed to enroll if they meet other criteria
* have an intellectual disability as reported by guardian
* be a victim of past or present undisclosed abuse requiring investigation or ongoing supervision by the Department of Social Services
* not have been cohabiting with mother for at least one year prior to admittance. Parent:
* any of the following disorders (e.g., primary, secondary, tertiary) - Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Mental Retardation, Selective Mutism, Organic Mental Disorders, Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders. Drug or alcohol abuse/dependence will also be exclusionary
* not have been cohabiting with child for at least one year prior to admittance
* report the presence of any active suicidal ideation or a past suicide attempt in the last 6 months.

Answer: C