Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Phase III Clinical Study of DU-176b (Venous Thromboembolism): Japanese, Multicenter, Open-label Study of DU-176b in Patients With Severe Renal Impairment (SRI) Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery of the Lower Limbs
Brief Summary: To assess the safety and pharmacokinetics of DU-176b administered to patients with severe renal impairment undergoing orthopedic surgery of the lower limbs, compared with DU-176b administered to patients with mild renal impairment (MiRI) undergoing orthopedic surgery of the lower limbs.

For reference, the safety of DU-176b in patients with SRI undergoing orthopedic surgery of the lower limbs will be compared with that of fondaparinux.


Options:
A: Inclusion criteria:

* Acute symptomatic superficial thrombophlebitis of the lower limbs at least 5 cm long diagnosed by compression ultrasound.

Exclusion criteria:

* Superficial thrombophlebitis that is within 3 cm from the sapheno-femoral junction,
* deep vein thrombosis on ultrasound exam, deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism within last 6 months, treatment for cancer during last 6 months,
* anticoagulant medication for more than 48 hours prior to inclusion,
* need for oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during the study, significant bleeding event during past month,
* major surgery within last 3 months, low platelet count (below 100×109/L),
* kidney disease (Calculated creatinine clearance \< 30 mL/min), woman of child-bearing potential not using reliable contraceptive method
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with SRI or MiRI undergoing orthopedic surgery of the lower limbs

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who are on hemodialysis or are scheduled to undergo hemodialysis during the study period
* Patients who are at a significantly high risk for bleeding or thromboembolism
* Patients who are receiving another antithrombotic therapy and are unable to suspend the therapy
* Patients who have evidence of hepatic function test abnormalities
C: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Planned for elective arthroplasty for knee and hip disease.
2. Over 20 years of age.
3. Normal baseline platelet count, prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times.
4. Signed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Surgery for acute fracture (\< 4 weeks), septic joint, or extraction arthroplasty.
2. Patients with personal history of TED, or documented hypercoagulation disease.
3. Increased risk of hemorrhage, as from active gastric ulcer, or bleeding diathesis; or persistent intestinal or urinary tract bleed within the last year.
4. Hemorrhagic stroke; brain, spinal, or ophthalmologic surgery in previous 6 months.
5. Liver enzymes or bilirubin greater than 2 x normal.
6. Decreased renal function with GFR \< 30ml/min. (24-27)
7. Cancer in last 1 year, other than localized cancers of the skin.
8. Requires chronic anticoagulation with warfarin or heparins.
9. Requires chronic platelet function suppressive therapy for coronary or peripheral artery stents..
10. Prior adverse reaction to any of the study drugs.
11. Pregnancy
12. Uncontrolled hypertension
D: Subject Inclusion Criteria In order to be enrolled in the study, subjects must meet all of the inclusion criteria as listed below.

1. Consecutive patients undergoing isolated or redo isolated CABG
2. Patients must provide written informed consent
3. Patients must agree to comply with study procedures for the entire length of the study.
4. Must be 18 years old or greater.

Subject Exclusion Criteria Any subject that meets any of the exclusion criteria listed below at baseline will be excluded from study participation.

1. Patients with medical history that requires chronic anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin or coumadin or LMWH or heparinoids (i.e. previous DVT, pulmonary embolism, atrial fibrillation, heart valve replacement)
2. Patients with contraindications to anticoagulation (coagulopathy e.g, INR\>/=1.5, generalized bleeding disorders, peptic ulcer disease, hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke, etc within last 3 months)
3. Patients who are unable to undergo a doppler ultrasound of the lower extremities
4. Renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance \< 30 mL/min)
5. Patients who have a body weight \< 50 kg
6. Patients receiving continuous (indwelling) epidural
7. Physician diagnosed acute or chronic hepatic failure
8. Pregnancy
9. Patients with life expectancy \< 6 months
10. Platelet count below 100,000/ mm-3
11. History of documented VTE within last 3 months.
12. Acute bacterial endocarditis
13. Cerebral metastasis or abscess
14. Inability to consent
15. Refusal by treating physician

Answer: B