Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Cardiac Protective Effect of Simvastatin on Cardiac Surgery: a Double Blind, Randomised Clinical Trial
Brief Summary: It is well know that statins have been used to low cholesterol to prevent and treat coronary artery disease for many years. It was also reported that statins could protect endothelial function and cardiac function during coronary artery bypass graft. However, some results were controversial. Also, there is no clinical data available on statin cardiac protection during surgery in China where rheumatic heart disease is prevalent. Thus, the investigators are trying to see whether statins can protect heart injury during cardiac surgery in Chinese. Part of patients will receive statin treatment and part of will not before surgery in the study. Both patients' heart function will be measured and compared after surgery to determine whether statins can protect heart injury during heart surgery.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Angina patients
* Patients who is required the coronary catheterization
* creatinine clearance rates ≤60 mL/min using the Cockcroft-Gault formula Patients who undergo coronary catheterization
* Age of 19 or over 19

Exclusion Criteria:

* pregnancy
* lactation
* having received contrast media within 7 days of study entry
* emergent coronary angiography
* acute renal failure
* end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis
* history of hypersensitivity reaction to contrast media
* cardiogenic shock
* pulmonary edema
* multiple myeloma
* mechanical ventilation
* parenteral use of diuretics
* use of N-acetylcysteine
* use of metformin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs within 48 hours of the procedure.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* cyanotic congenital heart disease
* noncyanotic congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension
* Heart valve disease,
* other heart and great artery diseases need heart or great artery surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

* Coronary artery disease
* under 10-year-old.
* noncyanotic congenital heart disease without pulmonary hypertension
* poor liver function such AST elevated,Hepatitis
* Gestation women and Breast-feeding women
C: Inclusion Criteria:

Are eligible for the study all patients admitted to CCU for Acute Coronary Syndrome without ST elevation (NSTEMI) candidates for early invasive strategy (coronary angiography within 48 hours from the admission) and without previous therapy with statins.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. inability to provide consent
2. pregnancy or lactation
3. intolerance to statins
4. therapy with other lipid lowering drugs
5. acute or chronic liver disease
6. chronic muscle disease
7. acute renal failure or chronic renal failure stage IV
8. neoplastic
9. exposure to iodinated contrast medium in the previous 10 days
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. The patient must be at least 18 years and 80 years of age.
2. The patient had the symptoms of acute myocardial infarction within 12 hours with ST segment elevation of more than 1 mm in at least two contiguous leads of EKG or new onset LBBB.
3. The patient or guardian agrees to the study protocol and provides informed, written consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients to whom PCI can not be undergone within 12 hours from receiving the study drug
2. Cardiogenic shock or symptomatic hypotension or sitting SBP \< 95 mmHg
3. The history of major surgery, trauma, retinal hemorrhage, significant gastrointestinal or genitourinary bleeding within recent 6 weeks; history of cerebrovascular attack within two years, or cerebrovascular attack with a significant residual neurological deficit
4. History of cerebrovascular attack within two years, or cerebrovascular attack with a significant residual neurological deficit
5. Severe or malignant hypertension (= sitting SBP \> 180 mmHg and/or sitting DBP \> 105 mmHg)
6. The history or diagnosis of vasculitis; renal insufficiency (the level of serum creatinine is two times higher than the upper limit of normal of each center)
7. The patients who might die of other disease than cardiac disease during the trial.

Answer: B