Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Community Trial to Measure the Effect of Individual Prenatal Education With Mobile Phone Consultations Offered to Pregnant Women in Masindi and Kiryandongo, Western Uganda
Brief Summary: Introduction There is compelling evidence for scheduled home visits to improve newborn health. There is also a growing wealth of evidence to support the use of mobile phones as a public health tool in low and middle-income countries. UNICEF and WHO have recommended implementation of home visits for newborn care improvement. In sub Saharan Africa the evidence for a combined scheduled home visit and mobile phone technology to improve neonatal health is lacking. In this study the investigators aim to determine the effect of scheduled home visits by Community Health Workers (hereafter referred to as Village Health Teams-VHTs) combined with mobile phone consultations on newborn care in Masindi, Uganda.

Methods This is a community intervention trial to be conducted in Masindi and Kiryandongo in Uganda from May 2013 to June 2014. A mixed method data collection technique will be used. Our overarching hypothesis is that survival of the newborn requires a continuum of care from pregnancy to the newborn period. Eight health centres each will be randomly allocated to the intervention arm and a control arm. Five villages will be randomly selected from each of the catchment areas of the intervention health centres and one VHT purposively selected from each of the villages. Intervention arm will receive VHTs equipped with mobile phones making four scheduled home visits to women while the control arm will receive the standard care for prenatal and immediate newborn education. VHTs will discuss care for the pregnancy, danger signs in pregnancy, birth preparation, acquiring needed items for delivery and recommended newborn care practices. VHTs can also make instant telephone consultations with the midwife for a second opinion. A closed caller group for the mobile telephone consultation is already negotiated with Mobile Telephone Network (MTN) a mobile phone service provider to allow lower tariff rates. Our primary outcome variables of interest are hygienic cord care (specifically application of substances on the cord), thermal care (specifically delayed bathing of the baby soon after birth), initiation of breastfeeding within one hour and avoiding pre-lacteal feeds. Secondary outcomes like completed four antenatal visits, institutionalized delivery were also assessed.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* History of current or former injection drug use
* No clinic visits with an HIV provider in the preceding 12 months
* Not taking ART
* HIV RNA level of greater than 1,000 copies/mL
* Agree to attend at least one HIV care visit at the Johns Hopkins Moore clinic

Exclusion Criteria:

* Any medical or psychiatric condition that would interfere with the participant's ability to comply with study procedures or make participation unsafe
* Current enrollment in another HIV retention-in-care study
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* pregnant women with gestation of 28 weeks or less, making their first antenatal consultation

Exclusion Criteria:

* no exclusion criteria has been developed. All women that qualify are eligible for recruitment
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Documented HIV-infection according to two finger-prick rapid tests (both previously diagnosed and newly detected)
* Confirmed pregnancy by urine pregnancy test or clinical assessment
* Age 16 years or older
* Able to provide informed consent for research
* Fluent in Luo or English
* Own a cell phone or have access to one in their households
* Live born infants of women enrolled in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who fail to meet any of the inclusion criteria will be excluded
* Significant obstetric condition documented at the first antenatal visit requiring urgent referral to another facility for specialized obstetric care (e.g., significant hypertension or active bleeding per vagina).
* Denial of HIV status or refusal to initiate ART/ARV prophylaxis.
* Stated intention to move from study site area during the pregnancy or within six months postpartum.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes with a new foot ulcer presenting for the first time within a period of 6 months and people without diabetes presenting a venous leg ulcer
* The participants must be able to read and speak Norwegian.
* The participants must be 20 years or older.

Exclusion Criteria:

- people treated for an diabetes foot ulcer on the ipsilateral foot during the past 6 months in specialist health care

Answer: B