Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: A Randomized Trial of Deferred Versus Fresh Embryo Transfers in Infertile Women Undergoing IVF-ICSI
Brief Summary: Controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) enhances the efficacy of ART (Assisted reproductive technology) by permitting multiple-oocyte yields, but also alters endometrial receptivity (ER) by an advancement of endometrial development which contributes to diminished pregnancy chances. Previous reports suggest that pregnancy rates are increased following deferred frozen embryo transfers. In addition as compared to fresh embryo transfers, frozen embryo transfers seem to be associated with less affected perinatal outcomes, in particular lower risk of preterm birth, small for gestational age and caesarean section. Unfortunately, most of the current evidence is based only on preliminary reports, needing further scientific evidence. Thus, whether differing embryo transfers could restore optimal ER leading to higher live birth rate (LBR) and better obstetrical outcomes as compared to fresh embryo transfers, is actually still under investigation.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Women \[18 - 40\[years of age (according to date of birth at time of informed consent) who are eligible for ovarian stimulation and ART treatment, including intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
* Absence of anatomical abnormalities of the reproductive tract that would interfere with implantation or pregnancy
* Absence of any medical condition in which pregnancy is contraindicated
* Motile, ejaculatory sperm must be available (donated and/or cryopreserved sperm is allowed). Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) will be allowed during this trial
* Body mass index 18 to 35 kg/m2, inclusive
* Able to understand the study
* Affiliation with a social security scheme
* Dated and signed inform consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Altered ovarian reserve (Day3: FSH \>12 UI/l; AMH\<1,0 ng/ml; AFC\<8)
* History or presence of tumours of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland
* Presence of non isolated uni- or bilateral hydrosalpinx
* Abnormal gynaecological bleeding of undetermined origin
* Contraindication to being pregnant and/or carrying a pregnancy to term
* Known infection with human immunodeficiency virus, active hepatitis B or C virus in the female or male partner
* History or presence of ovarian, uterine or mammary cancer
* Known allergy or hypersensitivity to human gonadotropin preparations or to compounds that are structurally similar to any of the other medications administered during the trial
* Substance abuse that would interfere with trial conduct, as determined by the investigator
* Use of testicular or epididymal sperm
* Pregnant patient, nursing patient
* Participation in another ART clinical trial within the past 30 days
* Women who have risk to develop severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) defined as ≥ 18 follicles measuring 10 - 14 mm on the day of triggering
* Women with less than 3 follicles ≥ 15 mm on the triggering day or the day before the triggering
* Women with premature progesterone elevation during COS ( ≥1.5 ng/ml)
* Women with uterine polyps diagnosed during COS
* Participation with another interventional study involving human subjects
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Women under 42 years of age
* Presence of at least 3 embryos suitable to freeze on day 2 or 3 following fertilisation based on the centre's criteria
* Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Women using donor eggs/donor sperm
* Women undergoing preimplantation genetic diagnosis
* Women with abnormal uterine cavity shown on hysterosalpingogram or saline infusion sonogram
* Women with hydrosalpinges shown on scanning and not corrected treated
* Women with excessive ovarian response at risk of ovarian hyperstimulation where elective freeze is already planned
* Women with serum progesterone level on day of human chorionic gonadotrophin\>1.5ng/ml or 5 nmol/L
* Women whose embryos have not survived freeze-thawing in the past
* Fresh transfer is planned e.g. patients with endometriosis or adenomyosis who have received prolonged downregulation
* Only frozen transfer is planned e.g. patients receiving ovarian stimulation regimens which may have adverse impacts on the endometrium
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* 1st, 2nd or 3rd cycle of PGD in which embryo transfer was performed
* Indications for PGD: monogenic indications and X-linked disorders with a 25-50% risk of transmission and that are not associated with reduced ovarian response
* Normal ultrasound scan, i.e. presence of both ovaries, without evidence of abnormality within 6 months prior to randomisation.
* Regular menstrual cycles of 21-35 days, presumed to be ovulatory.

Exclusion Criteria:

* POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME (Rotterdam criteria \*)

  \* At least two of the following three features: (i) Oligo- and/or anovulation (ii) Clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism (iii) Polycystic ovaries and exclusion of other aetiologies (congenital adrenal hyperplasias, androgen-secreting tumours, Cushing's syndrome)
* Poor responders (Bologna criteria \*\*)

  \* \* At least two of the following three features: (i) Advanced maternal age (≥40 years) or any other risk factor for poor ovarian response (POR); (ii) A previous POR (≤3 oocytes with a conventional stimulation protocol); (iii) An abnormal ovarian reserve test (i.e. antral follicle count (AFC) 5-7 follicles, or anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) 0.5-1.1 ng/ml).
* Endocrine or metabolic abnormalities (pituitary, adrenal, pancreas, liver or kidney)
* anticipated high response: AMH \>5.0 ng/ml or AFC \>20
* Endometriosis ≥ grade 3
* Age \> 40 years and 364 days
D: Inclusion Criteria (pre-stimulation):

* Age up to 42 years

Exclusion Criteria (pre-stimulation):

* MESA and TESE patients
* At least one partner carrier of a chromosomal abnormality
* Egg donor cycle (sperm donor is acceptable)
* Gender selection cycles
* Thaw cycles
* Any patient who cannot have a fresh embryo transfer
* FSH above 12 or AMH less than 1

Answer: A