Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol Reduction Intervention Among HIV Infected Persons in a Large Urban HIV Clinic in Uganda
Brief Summary: Background: Approximately 6.4% of Ugandans are living with HIV, that is acquired and transmitted mainly through sexual intercourse between an HIV infected and uninfected person. Uganda is ranked among 28 top per capita alcohol consumers in the world and second in Africa. in the general population, Alcohol consumption is associated with increased sexual transmission risks for HIV. Data on alcohol consumption and its impact on sexual behaviors and HIV disease progression among HIV infected persons, the persons able to transmit HIV are lacking in this setting.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of alcohol consumption among HIV infected persons, assess associations between alcohol and CD4 cell count as well as evaluate the effect of alcohol motivational intervention counseling on alcohol consumption and the subsequent practice of risky sexual behaviors, among HIV infected persons.

Methodology: Using both cross-sectional and longitudinal methods,persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) attending the Infectious Diseases Institute Clinic (IDI clinic) will be recruited, baseline alcohol consumption evaluated, and eligible subjects reporting alcohol consumption will be randomized to receive either Standard positive prevention counseling alone or in addition to alcohol motivation intervention counseling. Sexual risk behaviors and alcohol consumption will be evaluated at 3 and 6 months and compared between randomization arms.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Both males and females aged at least 18 years.
* Willing to continue receiving care /be followed up at the IDI for the next 6 months.
* Willing to provide written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Very sick with Karnofsky clinical performance score \< 50.
* Pregnant women
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Female sex worker, defined as a woman who self reports exchange of any type of sex including oral, anal, and vaginal sex for money or gifts within the six months prior to study enrollment;
* Self-identifies as a woman;
* 18 years or older;
* Scores between 7-19 on the AUDIT questionnaire;
* Willing to participate in the study and all data collection procedures;
* Lives in Mombasa or plans on residing in Mombasa for 12 months following study enrollment;
* Currently participating in the APHIA II sex worker peer education program; and
* Documentation of negative tests for gonorrhea, Chlamydia, and trichomoniasis.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Scores less than 7 (low-risk drinking) or more than 19 (high-risk drinking/alcohol dependence) on the AUDIT questionnaire;
* Plans to be away in the next 12 months for more than six months or relocate away from the study site;
* Currently participating in another HIV intervention study; or
* Has any other condition that, in the opinion of the investigator or designee, would preclude provision of informed consent, make participation in the study unsafe, complicate interpretation of study outcome data, or otherwise with achieving the study objectives.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* female;
* receiving HIV medical care at the AIDS Center;
* chart-documented HIV and chronic HCV infection;
* currently prescribed an antiretroviral (ARV) regimen;
* medically, cognitively, and psychologically capable of study participation;
* laboratory-confirmed recent alcohol use as detected by a Ethylglucuronide (EtG) analysis or self-reported alcohol use

Exclusion Criteria:

* not identifying as biological female
* not HIV and HCV positive
* no laboratory-confirmed or self-reported
* not willing to participate in the trial
* not able to participate in the trial due to medical, cognitive, or psychological issues
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 years or older, pregnant, and HIV+
* Enrolled in the PMTCT program at the study site clinic
* Receiving medical care from study site clinic
* Residing in study area for duration of study
* No psychosis, neurological damage, or IQ less than 70, as judged by an interviewer in consultation with a clinical supervisor
* Ability to give informed consent as judged by an interviewer

Exclusion Criteria:

* Less than 18 years, or not pregnant, or not HIV+
* Not enrolled in the PMTCT program at the study site clinic
* Not receiving medical care from study site clinic
* Not residing in study area for duration of study
* Psychosis, neurological damage, or IQ less than 70, as judged by an interviewer in consultation with a clinical supervisor
* Clinical provider (nurse or physician) believes it is not in the best interest of the MLH
* Unable to give informed consent

Answer: A