Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Assessment of the Effects of Atorvastatin on Endothelial Progenitor Cells After Coronary ByPass Surgery; A Randomized Controlled Trial
Brief Summary: Experimental data have demonstrated favourable effects of statins on endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) mobilization from the bone marrow, and cardiac homing. The purpose of the present prospective randomized controlled trial is to determine the effects of aggressive atorvastatin treatment (40 mg daily 2-weeks prior to surgery) on the number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) after cardiopulmonary bypass by comparing with placebo.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients undergoing elective isolated coronary artery bypass surgery with on-pump technique
* Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Concomitant valve or aortic surgery
* Left ventricular aneurysm repair
* Re-operation
* Emergency surgery
* History of myocardial infarction within less than 4 weeks
* Hepatic impairment
* Chronic renal impairment
* Drug related side effects (allergy or hypersensitivity)
* Familial Hyperlipidemia
* Autoimmune conditions which require steroids
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Atrial or ventricular septum defect patients requiring cardiac surgery with CPB
* Rheumatic or recessive valvular patients requiring valvular repair or replacement with CPB
* Coronary artery disease patients requiring coronary revascularization surgery with CPB

Exclusion Criteria:

* Non-primary cardiac surgery
* Definite liver or renal dysfunction
* Disorder in coagulation function
* Allergy
* Pregnancy or lactation
* Disabled in spirit or law
* Fatal conditions such as tumour
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* cyanotic congenital heart disease
* noncyanotic congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension
* Heart valve disease,
* other heart and great artery diseases need heart or great artery surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

* Coronary artery disease
* under 10-year-old.
* noncyanotic congenital heart disease without pulmonary hypertension
* poor liver function such AST elevated,Hepatitis
* Gestation women and Breast-feeding women
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Participants undergoing cardiac surgery: coronary artery bypass grafting, heart valve surgery or a combined procedure,
* Procedure must be elective

Exclusion Criteria:

* Symptomatic cerebrovascular disease,
* Cerebrovascular incident in last 3 years,
* Neurodegenerative disease,
* Psychiatric disease,
* Visual, hearing or motor impairment interfering with cognitive testing,
* Carotid artery stenosis ( ≥50%),
* Myocardial infarction within last 3 months,
* Left ventricular ejection fraction of ≤35%,
* Previous cardiac or carotid surgery,
* Uncontrolled systemic hypertension (blood pressure≥180/110 mmHg),
* Corticosteroid-dependent asthma,
* Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),
* Malignancy, liver disease (aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) or bilirubin ˃1.5x above reference range),
* Kidney disease (serum creatinine ˃1.7 mg/dl or blood urea nitrogen ˃50 mg/dL),
* Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (postprandial glucose ˃200 mg/dL or hemoglobin A1c ˃9%),
* Endocrine and metabolic diseases, requiring steroid treatment longer than 7 days in the past year,
* Alcohol or controlled substance abuse,
* Individuals without primary school education,
* Preoperative C reactive protein ˃0.5 mg/dL,
* Preoperative white blood cell count \<3 x109/L or ˃11 x109/L,
* Preoperative Mini mental score \<26 points,
* Preoperative Beck's depression inventory score ˃ 19 points,
* Intraoperative plan change (conversion from "off-pump" to "on-pump" and vice versa),
* Need for deep hypothermic circulatory arrest,
* Additional corticosteroid treatment throughout the study period.

Answer: A