Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Randomized Clinical Trial Investigating the Effect of Different Exercise Forms on Depression
Brief Summary: During one year, 5-8% of the population will suffer from major depression. Some of the key symptoms are loss of interest in daily activities, loss of energy and sleeping disturbances. The financial consequences of this disease is estimated to be more than 30 million pounds per year in Great Britain and USA alone. There is an increasing interest in the effect exercise has on depression. Smaller studies indicate that exercise is a good treatment for depression. This study will be a large scale randomized trial and will hopefully bring important knowledge on the effects exercise has on depression.

We will compare the effect endurance training, weight-lifting exercise and a control group has on depressive symptoms after 4 months training, twice a week.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* LVEF less than or equal to 35%
* New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II, III, or IV CHF diagnosis in the 3 months prior to study entry, with a minimum of 6 weeks of treatment
* Must be on optimal heart failure therapy according to American Heart Association (AHA), American College of Cardiology (ACC), and Heart Failure Society of America (HFSA) heart failure guidelines, including treatment with angiotensin II converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and beta-blocker therapy, or have documentation justifying why optimal therapy is not being used, including intolerance, contraindication, participant preference, or physician's judgment
* Must be on stable doses of medications (e.g., beta-blocker, ACEI, and additional medications as listed in the study guidelines) for 6 weeks prior to study entry
* Must be in stable medical condition and able to begin an exercise program, as determined by study physician

Exclusion Criteria:

* Comorbid disease, behavioral limitations, or other limitations that would interfere with exercise training, or would prevent completion of 1 year of exercise training
* Pregnant or planning to become pregnant in the year following study entry
* Major heart event or heart procedure within the 6 weeks prior to study entry
* Heart procedure or hospitalization for any reason planned in the future
* Expecting to receive a heart transplant in the 6 months following study entry
* CHF caused by significant uncorrected primary valvular disease (except mitral regurgitation secondary to left ventricular dysfunction); if valve replacement has been performed, may not participate for 12 months following the procedure
* CHF caused by congenital heart disease or obstructive cardiomyopathy
* Performance of exercise training at regular intervals (more than once per week) at a moderate to vigorous intensity at any time in the 6 weeks prior to study entry
* Exercise testing results that would prevent safe exercise training, as defined by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation (AACVPR) guidelines, including abnormal blood pressure response, early ischemic changes, and unexpected life-threatening arrhythmia
* Use of fixed-rate pacemakers, pacemakers with inability to attain target heart rates, or automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (AICD) devices with heart rate limits set below the target heart rate for exercise training
* Use of an intracardiac device such as an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) or a cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker in the 6 months prior to study entry (must demonstrate stability for 6 weeks post-procedure)
* Primary physician considers placement of an intracardiac device such as an ICD or a cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker probable within 6 months of study entry; will be excluded until such device has been placed and 6 weeks of stabilization have passed
* Participation in another clinical trial that may interfere with study participation, follow-up, or data collection, or that may affect cardiovascular morbidity or mortality
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Meets DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder
* Score of 12 to 24 on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS)
* Body mass index (BMI) of 30 to 40 kg

Exclusion Criteria:

* Plans to move out of the area during the study
* Current smoker
* Diagnosis of bipolar disorder, a psychotic disorder, bulimia, or post-traumatic stress disorder
* Meets criteria for severe depression (HDRS score greater than 24)
* Diagnosis of type 1 or 2 diabetes
* Plans to have bariatric surgery during the study
* No access to a telephone
* Unable to walk unaided or unable to walk 1/4 mile without stopping
* Does not have written clearance from primary care physician for physical activity
* Presence of a condition that precludes dietary changes (e.g., ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, active diverticulitis, renal disease)
* Presence of medical conditions likely to limit lifespan
* Taking prescription weight loss medications
* Initiation of anti-depressant medication within the 3 months prior to study entry
* Taking mood stabilizers, antipsychotic medication, or medications known to affect appetite and/or weight (e.g., corticosteroids)
* Reports active suicidal ideation via SCID interview, a score of 3 on item 24 of the HDRS (active suicidal ideation), or determined to have suicidal potential by clinical staff
* Psychiatric hospitalization in the 12 months prior to study entry
* Currently receiving psychotherapy
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* A diagnosis of major depression according to DSM-IV
* Patient with major depression as part of a bipolar disorder should be in adequate mood stabilizing therapy at entry to the study
* Age of 18 or above
* A score on the Hamilton Depression Scale, 17 items version of at least 18

Exclusion Criteria:

* Primary psychotic disorder
* Psychotic depression
* Drug or alcohol abuse
* Severe organic brain disease
* Severe suicidal ideation (a score of 2 or above on the Hamilton Depression Scale, 17-items version)
* Mental retardation
* Pregnancy or lactation period
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age: 18-55
* ICD-10 diagnoses F32.0, F32.1, F33.0, F33.1
* Speak fluent danish

Exclusion Criteria:

* Not able to do exercise
* Drug/alcohol addict
* The patient already engages in more than one hour of weekly exercise.
* The patient has not been working the last 24 months due to depression.
* Suicidal behavior.

Answer: D