Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Technology-enabled Cardiac Rehabilitation Through PATHway. Feasibility, Clinical Effectiveness and Cost-effectiveness
Brief Summary: The PATHway system is designed to help patients remain physically active and maintain a good cardiovascular health. It proposes a novel approach that aims to empower patients to self-manage their CVD, set within a collaborative care context with health professionals. This will be achieved via a patient-centric holistic approach that specifically addresses the above barriers. It involves an internet-enabled and sensor-based home exercise platform. It is represented by several modules with an exercise module as the core component which will provide individualized rehabilitation programs that use regular, socially inclusive exercise sessions as the basis upon which to provide a personalized, comprehensive lifestyle intervention program (managing exercise, smoking, diet, stress, alcohol use etc.) to enable patients to both better understand and deal with their own condition and to lead a healthier lifestyle in general.

The goal of this trial is to assess the acceptability, short-term effectiveness on lifestyle and health related physical fitness and cost-effectiveness of the PATHway intervention in patients with CVD in a single blind multicentre pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* In participating hospitals, all patients hospitalized with the most responsible diagnosis of Heart Failure

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who die during hospitalization or are transferred to another hospital
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Men and women with documented CVD
* age 40-80 yrs
* patients are on optimal medical treatment and stable with regard to symptoms and pharmacotherapy for at least 4 weeks
* patients must have completed the ambulatory CR program and received clinical approval from their treating physician to continue exercising outside the hospital program
* internet access at home

Exclusion Criteria:

* significant illness during the last 6 weeks
* known severe ventricular arrhythmia with functional or prognostic significance
* significant myocardial ischemia, hemodynamic deterioration or exercise-induced arrhythmia at baseline testing
* cardiac disease that limits exercise tolerance (valve disease with significant hemodynamic consequences, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy etc.)
* co-morbidity that may significantly influence one-year prognosis
* functional or mental disability that may limit exercise
* acute or chronic inflammatory diseases or malignancy, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs or immune suppression
* GFR \<25ml/min/1.73m2
* hemoglobin \< 10g/dl
* severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (FEV1 \< 50%)
* NYHA class 4
* participation in another clinical trial
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* COPD new GOLD classification (B, C and D class) and a spirometry in the previous year and
* Systolic and/or diastolic CHF defined at least by an echocardiogram performed in clinical stability; II, III and IV New York Heart Association class and optimized drug therapy.
* Informed consent signed

Exclusion Criteria:

* Physical activity limitations caused by non-cardiac and/or pulmonary problems
* Obstructive Cardiomyopathies and/or myocarditis
* Non cardiac and/or pulmonary pathologies that would cause the death of the patient during the study
* Poor adherence and compliance of the patient
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* adults aged ≥18 years
* stable cardiovascular disease ; acute coronary syndrome; coronary artery bypass grafting within the previous six months
* ability to perform physical exercise,
* to speak, read and write Greek
* possession of a mobile phone/smartphone
* internet access at home

Exclusion Criteria:

* ventricular arrhythmia or myocardial ischemia during low to moderate exercise intensity as assessed by symptom limited exercise testing at baseline
* heart failure New York Heart Association (NYHA) class IV
* comorbidity precluding exercise training (e.g. orthopaedic, neurological or cognitive conditions)
* acute myocardial infarction (within two days)
* stenosis
* unstable angina
* uncontrolled atrial or ventricular arrhythmia
* aortic uncontrolled congestive heart failure
* acute pulmonary embolism
* acute myocarditis or pericardial effusion
* uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (Type I, II)
* hemodynamic instability or exercise-induced arrhythmia in baseline (initial) assessment
* severe obstructive respiratory disease

Answer: B