Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Prevention Trial of Family Focused Treatment in Youth at Risk for Psychosis
Brief Summary: Preventing psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia and associated functional disability could relieve an enormous burden of personal and family suffering and economic losses to society. This project aims to conduct a pilot randomized trial to determine the efficacy of a family-focused treatment in comparison with treatment-as-usual in enhancing functional outcomes, stabilizing symptoms, and preventing or delaying the onset of full psychosis in transitional age youth with prodromal symptoms. The results of this study will be crucial for the development of cost-effective, evidence-based psychosocial approaches to psychosis prevention and thus will have major implications for public health.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* age between 12 and 18 years
* a DSM-IV-TR schizophrenia-type disorder (schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder), with onset before the age of 17
* being clinically and pharmacologically stabilized during the last 6 weeks before the baseline assessment
* the estimation of not modifying pharmacological antipsychotic treatment
* presence of cognitive deficit confirmed by the neuropsychological battery

Exclusion Criteria:

* IQ below 70
* presence of an active misuse disorder
* presence of organic brain syndromes or neurological disorders
* having received electroconvulsive therapy in the previous 6 months
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Subjects will be eligible for study enrollment if they: are adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 years
* have a confirmed diagnosis of schizophrenia and are suffering from an acute episode
* provide their assent and parental informed consent to participate
* are otherwise relatively healthy on the basis of a medical and physical examination
* and are able to be in-patients for approximately 2 weeks.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects will be excluded from the study if they: meet the criteria for psychiatric disorders other than schizophrenia
* have moderate or severe mental retardation
* fail to respond to treatment with at least two typical or atypical antipsychotics
* have a history of substance dependence within the 3 months before screening
* are considered at risk for suicidal or violent behavior
* have a seizure disorder
* have a history of neuroleptic malignant syndrome, similar encephalopathic syndrome, or tardive dyskinesia
* or receive prohibited medication within a specified period before screening.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* The presence of at least one positive psychotic symptom (delusions or hallucinations)
* Before age 18 diagnosed by DSM-IV
* Aged between 14 and 19 years and lived at home with 1 or both parents, caregivers, or legal guardians.

Exclusion Criteria:

* The exclusion criteria were patient's drug abuse or dependence at the time of the intervention (drug use was not an exclusion criterion), the presence of any neurological developmental disorder or mental retardation and inability to engage in conversation or read in Spanish that may interfere with the progress of group treatment.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age between 12 years, 0 months and 35 years, 11 months
* Speaks and writes English
* Availability of at least one family member for treatment
* Meets criteria for one of three prodromal syndromes as assessed by the

Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes:

1. attenuated positive symptoms that are sub-psychotic in duration and intensity and have begun or worsened in the past year;
2. brief intermittent psychosis, defined as or syndromal psychotic symptoms that are have been present intermittently with onset in the previous 3 months; or
3. genetic risk and deterioration, defined as a diagnosis of schizotypal personality disorder or having a first degree relative with a psychotic disorder, plus having experienced a substantial decline (30% or greater) in Global Assessment of Functioning scores in the last year.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
* Pervasive developmental disorders
* Current substance or alcohol dependence
* Neurological disorders

Answer: D