Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Pharmacist-initiated Intervention Trial in OsteoArthritis (PhIT-OA)
Brief Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major public health concern. Currently, there are at least 3 million Canadians afflicted with this condition with a 50% increase predicted by 2020. It is estimated that 85% of Canadians are afflicted with OA by age 70. As such, using the current health care structure, it is doubtful that the health system can keep pace with this increasing demand. Alternative health care delivery strategies must be investigated.

The purpose of this study is to assess if a pharmacist-initiated intervention for individuals with knee pain with a high likelihood of knee OA will lead to an improvement in the quality of care for these individuals.

We are hopeful that results of this study will show better management of knee osteoarthritis by a pharmacist-initiated intervention (which means that it is the pharmacist who will start the process for an intervention that includes exercise and an educational program when compared to no intervention. If this is the case, by implementing the proposed intervention program, subjects could be diagnosed earlier, the burden of illness on individuals could be diminished through an appropriate intervention program, and economic savings could be embraced.

Hypothesis: Community pharmacists can identify patients with likely knee OA and initiate a multidisciplinary intervention that will improve quality of care and outcomes.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* pharmacies: resident in the south of the Netherlands
* patients: with antiplatelet therapy and without lipid-lowering medication

Exclusion Criteria:for patients:

* terminal disease
* severe mental disorder
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients who have given their informed consent and expressed interest in participating in the study
* Asthmatic Patients

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with communication difficulties.
* Persons who obtain symbicort but not for their own use.
* Patients with other major diseases: Heart problems, COPD, EMPHYSEMA, lung cancer, AIDS.
* Patients with a respiratory infection.
* Patients with seasonal asthma.
* Pregnant women
* Patients who have previously participated in a health education study in asthma.
C: Inclusion Criteria:is African American and 18 years old or older; has active prescription for BP drug; obtains all BP drugs at the study pharmacy; is able to read and fill out short questionnaires; is able to come to pharmacy for 6 monthly pharmacy visits if needed; has screening BP between 140/90 mm Hg and 210/115 mm Hg.

Exclusion Criteria: history of organ transplant or kidney dialysis, symptoms of advanced congestive heart failure, memory impairment that interferes with daily functioning,terminal illness,pregnancy, alcohol or substance abuse problem,physician recommendation of exclusion for other condition that may require special care or limit participation in the study.
D: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age \>50 years
2. ≥ 4 weeks of pain, aching or discomfort in or around the knee
3. Overweight or obese defined as BMI defined as ≥ 27 kg/m2
4. Not actively participating in a formal exercise program within the past 6 months
5. Self-reported difficulty in at least one of the following activities attributed to knee pain: lifting and carrying groceries, walking one quarter of a mile, getting in and out of a chair, or going up and down stairs.
6. Meet eligibility using the criteria on the pharmacist screening form (see attachment) - This form was adapted from the PhIND-OA study and amended to include points #3 to 6 above.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Significant co-morbid disease that would pose a safety threat or impair ability to participate in an exercise program
2. Inability or unwillingness to modify dietary or exercise behaviours.
3. Knee X-Ray within the last 2 years
4. Inability to speak and write English
5. Knee pain due only to referred pain from osteoarthritis of the hip

Answer: D