Please select the arm or intervention descriptions that belong to the clinical trial below.
Title: Behavioral Counseling to Reduce Children's Secondhand Smoke Exposure: A Trial With Maternal Smokers
Brief Summary: The goal of this study is to reduce infant and toddlers' secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) in a high risk, medically underserved population of maternal smokers. The program is called "Philadelphia FRESH (Family Rules for Establishing Smokefree Homes)". Participants are recruited from low-income urban neighborhoods in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. After determining study eligibility via telephone screen, all participants complete an in-home pre-intervention interview that includes self-reported smoking history, current smoking and exposure patterns, and factors that relate to maternal smoking (such as depressive symptoms, weight concerns, nicotine dependence,) as well as collection of child urine cotinine (a biomarker used to detect SHSe).

Participants are randomized after baseline to receive either (a) a moderately intensive (up to 2 in-home sessions, 8 phone sessions) Behavioral Counseling intervention (BC) delivered over a 16-week period by counselors trained and supervised by investigators, or (b) an enhanced Self-Help Control (SHC) that uses brief advice and a detailed self-help manual for SHSe-reduction and smokingcessation. Post intervention assessments include self-reports of intervention process, factors associated with intervention effects, and intervention outcomes that include child urine cotinine (to measure level of SHSe) and participant saliva cotinine (to verify self-reported smoking quit status). Interviewers and data management staff remain blind to the treatment assignment. All procedures are implemented after signed informed consent and were approved by Temple University's Institutional Review Board.


Options:
A: Arm Label: Behavioral Counseling; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Behavioral Counseling | Arm Label: Self-help control; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: Self-help control | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Behavioral Counseling; Assigned to Arm(s): Behavioral Counseling | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Self-help control; Assigned to Arm(s): Self-help control
B: Arm Label: Lifestyle counseling; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: Brief intervention based in clinical practice guide | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Brief intervention based in clinical practice guide; Assigned to Arm(s): Lifestyle counseling
C: Arm Label: PAM -Enhanced/Asthma; Type: EXPERIMENTAL; Interventions: Behavioral: PAM, Behavioral: PAM-Enhanced/Asthma Counseling Phone Calls | Arm Label: PAM-Asthma; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: PAM | Arm Label: PAM-Healthy; Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR; Interventions: Behavioral: PAM, Behavioral: Follow-Up Phone Calls - Child Wellness Topic | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: PAM; Assigned to Arm(s): PAM -Enhanced/Asthma, PAM-Asthma, PAM-Healthy | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: PAM-Enhanced/Asthma Counseling Phone Calls; Assigned to Arm(s): PAM -Enhanced/Asthma | Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: Follow-Up Phone Calls - Child Wellness Topic; Assigned to Arm(s): PAM-Healthy
D: Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL; Name: SHS reduction intervention based on social cognitive learning theory; Assigned to Arm(s): N/A

Answer: A