Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: N-methylglycine (Sarcosine) for Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder
Brief Summary: Major depressive disorder is a complex disease and most currently available antidepressants aiming at monoamine neurotransmission exhibit limited efficacy and cognitive effects. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), one subtype of glutamate receptors, plays an important role in learning and memory. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) enhancing agents, such as sarcosine (N-methylglycine), have been used as adjunctive therapy of schizophrenia. Sarcosine improved not only psychotic but also depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. To confirm its antidepressant effect, the purpose of this study is to compare citalopram and sarcosine in efficacy for major depressive patients.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Aged 18-55 years
* Fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria of major depressive disorder
* Had a 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17)\>or= 18
* No DSM-IV diagnosis of substance abuse or dependence (including alcohol) within the past 6 months
* Had been drug free for \> 3 months
* Physically healthy and had all laboratory parameters within normal limits.
* Agree to participate in the study and provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Had history of epilepsy, head trauma or other major neurological or medical diseases
* Had psychotic depression, bipolar I/II disorder, schizophrenia or any other psychotic disorder
* Moderate-severe suicidal risks
* Severe cognitive impairment
* Female subjects who were pregnant, or at risk of pregnancy or lactation
* Initiating or stopping formal psychotherapy within six weeks prior to enrollment
* Had a history of poor response to SSRIs or previously received electroconvulsive therapy
* Had a history of severe adverse reaction to SSRIs.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* At the time of signing the informed consent form (ICF), participant must be a man or woman 18 (or older if the minimum legal age of consent in the country in which the study is taking place is greater than \[\>\]18) to 64 years of age, inclusive
* At the start of the screening/prospective observational phase, participant must meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for single-episode major depressive disorder (MDD) (if single-episode MDD, the duration must be greater than or equal to \[\>=\] 2 years) or recurrent MDD, without psychotic features, based upon clinical assessment and confirmed by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)
* At the start of the screening/prospective observational phase, participant must have an Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Clinician rated ( IDS-C30) total score of greater than or equal to (\>=) 34
* At the start of the screening/prospective observational phase, participant must have had non-response (greater than or equal to \[\<=25\] percent \[%\] improvement) to ≥1 but less than or equal to (\<=) 5 (if current episode is \>2 years, upper limit is applicable to only the last 2 years) oral antidepressant treatments in the current episode of depression, assessed using the Massachusetts General Hospital - Antidepressant Treatment Response Questionnaire (MGH-ATRQ) and documented by medical history and pharmacy/prescription records, for the current episode of depression. In addition, the participant is taking a different oral antidepressant treatment (on the MGH-ATRQ) for at least the previous 2 weeks at or above the minimum therapeutic dose
* The participant's current major depressive episode, depression symptom severity (Week 1 MADRS total score \>=28 required), and antidepressant treatment response in the current depressive episode, must be confirmed using a Site Independent Qualification Assessment

Exclusion Criteria:

* Participants who have previously demonstrated nonresponse of depressive symptoms to esketamine or ketamine in the current major depressive episode, to all 4 of the oral antidepressant treatment options available for the double-blind induction phase (ie, duloxetine, escitalopram, sertraline, and venlafaxine extended release \[XR\]) in the current major depressive episode (based on MGH-ATRQ), or an adequate course of treatment with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the current major depressive episode, defined as at least 7 treatments with unilateral/bilateral ECT
* Participant has received vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) or has received deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the current episode of depression
* Participant has a current or prior DSM-5 diagnosis of a psychotic disorder or MDD with psychosis, bipolar or related disorders (confirmed by the MINI), comorbid obsessive compulsive disorder, intellectual disability (DSM-5 diagnostic codes 317, 318.0, 318.1, 318.2, 315.8, and 319), borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder, or narcissistic personality disorder
* Participant has homicidal ideation/intent, per the investigator's clinical judgment, or has suicidal ideation with some intent to act within 6 months prior to the start of the screening/prospective observational phase, per the investigator's clinical judgment or based on the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS)
* Participants with history of moderate or severe substance or alcohol use disorder according to DSM-5 criteria
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with a diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder, currently depressed without psychotic features
* Females must be of non-childbearing potential.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Treatment with Clozapine or ECT within 3 months prior to study
* Current or past history of psychotic features or a diagnosis of schizophrenia or any other psychotic disorder as defined in the DSM-IV
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* between the ages of 18 and 65 years old
* diagnosed with depression and being referred for ECT
* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score of 1 or 2
* patient receiving ECT on an informal basis (i.e. consenting to treatment and able to give informed consent)

Exclusion Criteria:

* pre-existing neurological disease or cognitive impairment
* co-morbid psychiatric diagnoses
* pre-existing hypertension
* severe respiratory tract disease
* major cardiovascular disease
* pacemakers
* cerebrovascular disorder or malformation
* intracranial mass lesions
* seizure disorder
* intracranial electrode or clips
* intra-ocular pathology
* endocrine or metabolic disease
* severe hematologic disease
* severe fracture
* not able to give consent
* pregnancy

Answer: A