Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: IV Ibuprofen for the Prevention of Post-ERCP Pancreatitis
Brief Summary: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an advanced endoscopic technique utilized to diagnose and treat pathologic conditions involving the ducts draining the liver and pancreas. Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) is the most common complication following ERCP and occurs in approximately 11% of children undergoing the procedure. By definition it leads to prolongation of hospital stay or delays in care and rarely can result in long-term morbidity or even death. Recent adult trials have demonstrated prevention of PEP with administration of rectal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). To date, no studies have been performed in children thus no "gold standard" or even commonly accepted method of preventing PEP in the pediatric population exist. Studying an IV NSAID such as ibuprofen has distinct advantages over rectally administered NSAIDs in the pediatric population in that it would allow for more consistent weight based dosing and would have more predictable absorption compared to suppository. Thus, this project proposes a pilot study evaluating the effectiveness of IV ibuprofen at preventing PEP in the pediatric population. The design of the proposed study is a prospective randomized double-blind trial comparing IV Ibuprofen to placebo controls (normal saline) at the time of procedure in patients undergoing ERCP at Children's Medical Center Dallas over a two-year period. The primary outcome measurement will be development of PEP. Post-ERCP bleeding and change in pre- and post- procedural pain scores will also be measured. The hypothesis is that IV Ibuprofen administered at the time of ERCP will decrease rates of post-ERCP pancreatitis in pediatric patients.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

Patients meeting ALL the following criteria will be eligible for entry into the study:

* Male or female patients aged 18 to 70 years old. Females participating in the study must be either: of non-childbearing potential, or willing to use a highly effective contraceptive method.
* Scheduled for outpatient surgical extraction -under local anaesthesia- of third mandibular molar teeth, with at least one of which is fully or partially impacted in the mandible requiring bone manipulation.
* Normal physical examination or without clinically relevant abnormalities.

At randomisation (after surgery):

No intake of analgesics (including prescription and over the counter drugs) within 24h prior to the surgery.

* No complication during the surgery, duration of surgery \< 1 hour and not requiring re-anaesthesia.
* Patients experiencing pain of moderate or higher intensity in the first four hours after the end of surgery.

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of allergy or hypersensitivity to NSAIDs, opioids or acetyl salicylic acid.
* History of asthma, bronchospasm, acute rhinitis, nasal polyps, urticaria or angioneurotic oedema.
* History of peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal disorders by NSAIDs, gastrointestinal bleeding or other active bleedings.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* scheduled to undergo laparoscopic inguinal hernia surgery
* American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification 1 or 2
* Children aged 6 months to 6 years

Exclusion Criteria:

* history of Gastrointestinal bleeding
* history or laboratory finding of suspected renal or hepatic dysfunction
* bronchial asthma
* bleeding disorder
* hypersensitivity to NSAID or propacetamol
* disagreement of investigation
* The researcher determines that participation is inappropriate due to other reasons.
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Age\<=18 years
* Undergoing ERCP (defined as cannulation of the major or minor papilla) for any indication

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age\>18
* Pancreatitis within the 72 hours preceding ERCP
* Allergy or hypersensitivity to Aspirin or NSAID medications
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding mother
* Cr \>1.4
* Gastrointestinal hemorrhage in preceding 72 hours
* Heart disease reliant upon a patient ductus arteriosis
* History of sickle cell disease
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant women with a gestational age of 63 days or less
* Desire a medical abortion with mifepristone and misoprostol

Exclusion Criteria:

- Have contraindications to ibuprofen

Answer: C