Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: The Prevention of Delirium and Complications Associated With Surgical Treatments Multi Center Clinical Trial
Brief Summary: Delirium is a medical term or condition that includes a temporary inability to focus attention and to think clearly. Delirium occurs commonly (10% to 70%) in patients older than 60 undergoing large surgeries. The purpose of this study is to test rigorously whether a drug called ketamine can decrease the chance that patients will experience delirium after their surgery. The investigators are also testing whether ketamine decreases postoperative pain, postoperative opioid consumption, postoperative nausea and vomiting, ICU and hospital length of stay, and adverse outcomes (e.g. hallucinations and nightmares).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* hip or other long bone fracture undergoing operative repair
* age of 70 years or older
* the ability to communicate effectively in English (including adequate hearing)
* residence within a 50 mile radius of the BIDMC
* life expectancy 6 months or greater
* not currently on cholinesterase inhibitor therapy
* not with known hypersensitivity to cholinesterase inhibitors
* not a previous study participant or refusal

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients with sick sinus syndrome or greater than 1st degree AV block without a pacemaker
* patients with a pathologic fracture due to metastatic cancer
* patients with advanced dementia or total functional dependence.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or female subject aged over 75 years
* Admission for a scheduled surgery (i.e. all oncologic digestive surgery , ureterostomy, nephrectomy or cystectomy, total hip or knee replacement)
* Participation agreement

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with a progressive and/or poorly managed psychiatric pathology (patients with stabilized depression could be included in the study)
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients 60 and older
* Competent to provide informed consent
* Undergoing major surgery (e.g., open cardiac surgery, open or thoracoscopic thoracic surgery, abdominal surgery, open urological surgery, open gynecological surgery, major orthopedic surgery, major vascular surgery including endovascular procedures, major ear, nose and throat surgery).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with an allergy to ketamine
* Those in whom a significant elevation of blood pressure would constitute a serious hazard (e.g., pheochromocytoma, aortic dissection)
* Unable to provide informed consent
* Patients with drug misuse history (e.g., ketamine, cocaine, heroin, amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDMA, phencyclidine, lysergic acid, mescaline, psilocybin)
* Patients taking anti-psychotic medications (e.g., chlorpromazine, clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, haloperidol, quetiapine, risperidone, paliperidone, amisulpride, sertindole)
* Patients with a weight outside the range 50 kg - 200 kg (110 lbs - 440 lbs)
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Class 1 or 2 or 3
* Scheduled to undergo an elective abdominal surgical procedure under general anesthesia; and:

  * expected to undergo neuromuscular relaxation with rocuronium for

endotracheal intubation; and

* expected to require at least one maintenance dose of rocuronium; and
* expected to require active reversal of neuromuscular blockade; and
* expected to require clinical or subjective neuromuscular monitoring only; and
* expected to recover in the PACU

  * Arm that is accessible for measuring the TOF ratio in the PACU
  * Sexually active female patient of child-bearing potential must agree to use a

medically accepted method of contraception through seven days after receiving

protocol-specified medication.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Anatomical malformations that may lead to difficult intubation
* Neuromuscular disorder(s) that may affect neuromuscular blockade and/or trial assessments
* Dialysis-dependent or has or is suspected of having severe renal insufficiency
* Significant hepatic dysfunction
* Family history of malignant hyperthermia
* Cardiac pacemaker
* Allergy to study treatments or its/their excipients, to opioids / opiates, sugammadex, muscle relaxants or their excipients, or other medication(s) used during general anesthesia
* Toremifene before or within 24 hours of study drug administration
* Scheduled for an overnight stay (or \>12 hours) in PACU
* Expected transfer to an Intensive Care Unit after surgery
* Pregnant, intention to become pregnant between randomization and the Day 30 pregnancy follow-up visit
* Breast-feeding.
* Investigational drug(s) within 30 days of randomization on this study
* Participation in any other clinical trial within 30 days, inclusive, of signing the informed consent form of the current trial
* Participant or family member is among the personnel of the investigational or Sponsor staff directly involved with this trial

Answer: C