Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Mobile Nudges to Increase Early Vaccination Coverage in Rural Areas: A Pilot Investigation in Ghana's Northern Region
Brief Summary: Despite major progress made in vaccination coverage overall, timeliness of vaccines remains a key concern in many settings. At the same time, access to mobile phones has increased rapidly, offering new opportunities to track and deliver health services. This research project uses these newly available mobile phone networks to simultaneously address two of the biggest bottlenecks in vaccine delivery: timely documentation of births, and lack of maternal effort or access to get essential vaccines. To increase documentation, investigators will train volunteers in each community to report new births via mobile phone to a central coordinator, and send small monetary rewards via mobile phone to volunteers for this reporting. To increase vaccination coverage, investigators will send reminder messages directly to mothers, and will also test small monetary rewards to volunteers and to mothers as an incentive to complete recommended vaccinations. The designs to provide vaccination encouragement will be tested through a small community randomized controlled trial in 15 selected villages in Ghana's Northern region. The primary outcome for the pilot study will be the percentage of children who received both the polio birth dose (OPV0) vaccination within two weeks of life (14 days) and the BCG vaccination within the first four weeks (28 days) of life.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* Women who have given birth to a live-born, surviving infant in the last two weeks (14 days) and reside in the community.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Women who do not reside in the community.
* Women whose newborn has passed away.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

1. be between the ages of 18 and 35 (inclusive);
2. have an unmet need for family planning;
3. live in the service catchment area;
4. demonstrate phone ownership;
5. opt-in to receiving calls and/or SMS messages from the study team;
6. demonstrate basic ability to operate study tablet; and
7. consent to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. outside of the age range;
2. no unmet need for family planning;
3. live outside the service catchment area;
4. not able to demonstrate ownership of basic phone capable of receiving/making phone calls and receiving/sending SMS messages;
5. does not agree to receive calls and/or SMS messages from the study team;
6. does not demonstrate basic ability to operate study tablet; or
7. does not consent to participate in the study
8. not pregnant or \<4 months postpartum
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Male
* 18 years or older
* Have undergone circumcision on the day they are screened for the study
* Currently own a mobile phone with text-messaging capability, and
* Have the mobile phone in their possession at the time of enrollment
* Able and willing to respond to a questionnaire administered via a phone call

Exclusion Criteria:

* Prior participation in a study on male circumcision
* Currently participating in other ongoing research studies
* Any medical condition or situation exists such that study participation would not be in the man's best interest, as determined by the investigator
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Received menstrual regulation services using Manual Vacuum Aspiration (MVA) or Medical Abortion (MA)
* Have a personal mobile telephone
* Agree to receive messages on mobile about family planning
* Provide informed consent for participation

Exclusion Criteria:

* Received anaesthesia for their MVA procedure
* Intend to become pregnant within the next six months
* Intend to use, or for partner to use, a permanent method of contraception (i.e. sterilisation) within the next six months

Answer: A