Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Clinical Evaluation of Insect Repellent and Insecticide Treated Nets Against Malaria, JE & Dengue in Rural Communities in Lao PDR
Brief Summary: Rural communities involved in agriculture are often at highest risk of insect-borne diseases in Southeast (SE) Asia.

Skin-applied insect repellents may prove a useful means of reducing mosquito-borne diseases for those people working outdoors in high risk areas.

This trial is evaluating the use of insect repellent (20% diethyltoluamide) to reduce incidence of malaria, Japanese Encephalitis and Dengue. The investigators will recruit up to 1000 households from 100 villages in rural Laos. In each house the investigators shall recruit up to 5 individuals. Half of households will be randomised to repellent, half to a placebo. All individuals will be provided with insecticide treated bed nets for use at night. All household occupants will be followed for 7 months to record malaria cases by Rapid Diagnostic Test every month. Blood spots will be collected at start and end of study to measure Japanese Encephalitis and Dengue. All positive cases will be promptly treated. Outcome will be reduction in number of malaria cases (primary outcome) and Dengue/Japanese Encephalitis (secondary outcomes).


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* All household members volunteering from selected communities

Exclusion Criteria:

* Infants less than 2 years
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* All volunteer household members

Exclusion Criteria:

* Infants less than two months
* Not in the study area
C: Inclusion:

Mobile and migrant individuals aged 18 years and over in selected villages including:

* Traditional slash-and-burn and paddy field farming communities visiting their forest farms (commonly ethnic minority groups)
* Seasonal agricultural laborers
* Forest workers in the informal sector (hunters, small-scale gem/gold miners, people gathering forest products (precious timber, construction timber, rattan/bamboo)
* Transient or mobile camp residents associated with commercial projects (road/pipeline construction, large-scale logging, deep seaport projects, etc.)
* Formal and informal cross-border migrant workers

For qualitative research component, local health stakeholders meeting the following criteria will be eligible:

* Aged 18 years and over
* The local health stakeholders such as health centre staff, Operational District Malaria Supervisor (ODMS), and Provincial Malaria Supervisor (PMS), and basic health staff such as malaria unit staff in health centres, midwives, health assistants, district health officers and district focal person from CMPE and CNM
* Health staff members from HPA and Lao malaria community service organisations

Exclusion:

A village will be excluded from the study if:

The village has an VHV/VMW program operated by any organizations other than CMPE, CNM, HPA, malaria CSOs in Lao PDR The village has no malaria cases or API less than 1 in any of the past three years (2018 - 2020) The village has no MMPs The village has no VHV/VMW The village has a government health facility for provision of malaria services
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* working in agriculture
* available for monthly follow-up

Exclusion Criteria:

* allergy to repellent
* pregnant / breastfeeding

Answer: D