Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Early Childhood Constraint Therapy for Sensory/Motor Impairment in Cerebral Palsy
Brief Summary: This is a prospective interventional study involving young children who will all receive non-invasive, passive assessments of sensory and motor function. In addition a subpopulation of young children with cerebral palsy will participate in a randomized controlled trial of constraint-induced movement therapy, a routinely prescribed therapy used in clinical practice for children with motor difficulties. The study attempts to apply a rigorous scientific approach to study a widely used but poorly studied practice. The design is an RCT with wait-list controls to allow all children to benefit from the therapy, even if they are randomized to the control group. All children, regardless of group allocation will continue with their standard of care occupational and physical therapy throughout the study.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

1. Development learned-nonuse
2. Age range 4y/o-15y/o
3. Wrist ext 10˚, MP j't ext 10˚ in affected U/E
4. Can fallow up the simple instruction
5. Modified Ashworth Scale ≦2
6. Pediatric Motor Activity Log ≦2.5 (average)

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Related muscle skeleton surgery
2. Selective dorsal rhizotomy
3. Botulinum toxin in 6 months
4. Visual perception impaired
5. Hearing perception impaired
6. Balance ability impaired (in constrained)
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Babies age 7-18 months diagnosed with Hemiplegic cerebral palsy

Exclusion Criteria:

* Epilepsy not treated
C: Inclusion Criteria:

willingness to agree to intervention and testing procedures and travel to the University for participation and testing.

Exclusion Criteria:

* health problems not associated with CP
* uncontrollable seizures
* visual problems that would interfere with carrying out the intervention or testing
* botulinum toxin therapy in the upper extremity musculature during the last six months or who wish to receive it within the period of study
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* CP children (n=72): Inclusion criteria will be diagnosis of hemiparetic or asymmetric CP as determined by published algorithms and neurologic exam.
* TD children (n=144): Inclusion criteria will be GA and sex-matched compared to the CP group, with CA at assessment matched to the CP group at baseline (72 children) and at the 7-month assessment (72 children). Exclusion criteria will be any motor or sensory impairment as defined by neurologic exam and/or scaled motor scores below 8 for CA on the Bayley III and cognitive impairment or delays as described for the CP group.

Exclusion Criteria:

* CP children: exclusion criteria will be CP with Gross Motor Function Classification Score (GMFCS) of 4-5, corresponding to poor or absent mobility and neck control; receipt of Botox to the affected extremity within 3 months of study entry; or scores of \<70 on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (Bayley III) cognitive composite.
* TD children: Exclusion criteria will be any motor or sensory impairment as defined by neurologic exam and/or scaled motor scores below 8 for CA on the Bayley III and cognitive impairment or delays as described for the CP group.

Answer: D