Please select the outcome measures that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Enhancing Self Regulation as a Strategy for Obesity Prevention in Head Start Preschoolers
Brief Summary: The goal of this integrated project targeting the Childhood Obesity Prevention Challenge Area is to reduce the prevalence of obesity among children attending Head Start in Michigan. The proposed intervention program is based on Social Cognitive theory and the premise that enhancing children's capacity for emotional and behavioral self-regulation is a key component of effective obesity prevention. A randomized controlled trial design is proposed to evaluate, among 600 Head Start children and their parents, the effectiveness of 2 approaches to obesity prevention: (1) the Parents of Preschoolers Prevention Series (POPS), a curriculum delivered to preschoolers and their parents focused on obesity-related health behaviors; and (2) POPS in combination with the Incredible Years Series (IYS), an evidence-based program designed to improve preschoolers' emotional and behavioral self-regulation. The research objective is to test the hypotheses that: (1) POPS, compared to Usual Head Start exposure, will lead to greater improvements in obesity-related health behaviors and adiposity indices; and (2) POPS + IYS will lead to the greatest improvements in obesity-related health behaviors and adiposity indices, and this effect will be mediated by improved self-regulation. The extension objective is to evaluate the feasibility, fidelity, and educational effectiveness of the POPS and POPS + IYS interventions, as delivered by paraprofessionals and educators within Extension and Head Start. The education objective is to provide Extension and Head Start staff non-formal training and educational curricula which can be widely disseminated. The long-term goal of this project is disseminate a novel and effective approach to obesity prevention in preschoolers.


Options:
A: Change in Child BMI-z score (Collected at the beginning and end of each academic year (i.e., fall, spring) for 3 years (BL, Y1, Y2) rather than 4 years as planned); Modified change in BMI z-score (Collected at the beginning and end of each academic year (i.e., fall, spring) for 3 years (BL, Y1, Y2))
B: Body height and weight (Sept 2006- May 2009); Healthy Start Knowledge Quiz (Sept 2006- May 2009); 24-hour diet observation and recall (Sept 2006- May 2009); Physical activity (Sept 2006- May 2009); Television viewing (child outcomes, measured immediately after the study and at a 1-year follow-up visit) (Sept 2006- May 2009); Score on short Acculturation Scale (parent outcome, measured immediately after the study and at a 1-year follow-up visit) (Sept 2006- May 2009); Nutrition and exercise knowledge (Sept 2006- May 2009); Self-efficacy for eating and exercise behaviors (Sept 2006- May 2009); Score on Nutrition Attitudes Scale (Sept 2006- May 2009); Support and role modeling for healthy eating (teacher outcomes, measured immediately after the study and at a 1-year follow-up visit) (Sept 2006- May 2009)
C: Change in Body Mass Index Z-score (9 months)
D: Maintenance of a Child's Body Mass Index as a result of the intervention (up to two years)

Answer: C