Please select the eligibility criteria that correspond to the clinical trial below.
Title: Early Versus Standard Drainage Removal After Pancreatic Resections: Results of a Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial
Brief Summary: Despite a substantial decrease in postoperative mortality, morbidity after pancreatic resections is still high, even at high-volume centers. It has been recently suggested that early removal of postoperative drainages is associated to a decreased rate of intra-abdominal complications, with particular regard to pancreatic fistula. Furthermore, our research group demonstrated that measuring amylase value in drainages (AVD) on postoperative day 1 plays a cardinal role in predicting the developement of abdominal complications, including pancreatic fistula. In particular, patients with an AVD lower than 5000 IU/L in postoperative day 1 were considered at low risk of fistula. Therefore, the investigators designed a randomized prospective trial on early (postoperative day 3) versus standard (postoperative day 5) drainages removal after pancreatic resections in patients at low risk of developing pancreatic fistula (AVD \< 5000 IU/L in postoperative day 1) to test whether drainages "per se" influence postoperative complication rates and to eventually validate a fast-track policy in pancreatic resections.


Options:
A: Inclusion Criteria:

* The subject has a surgical indication for distal pancreatectomy.
* In the opinion of the surgeon, the subject has no medical contraindications to pancreatectomy.
* At least 18 years of age.
* The subject is willing to consent to randomization to the intraperitoneal drain vs. no drain group.
* The subject is willing to comply with 90-day follow-up and answer quality-of-life questionnaires per protocol.

Exclusion Criteria:

* The subject does not have a surgical indication for distal pancreatectomy.
* In the opinion of the surgeon, the subject has medical contraindications to pancreatectomy.
* Less than 18 years of age.
* The subject is not willing to consent to randomization to the intraperitoneal drain vs. no drain group.
* The subject is not willing to comply with 90-day follow-up and answer quality-of-life questionnaires per protocol.
B: Inclusion Criteria:

* Pancreatic tumor regardless of its nature: All patients requiring PD (following thesaurus or multidisciplinary team council recommendation) for this indication will be included.
* Ability to participate in a clinical research protocol.
* Given informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of pancreatic surgery or biliary diversion and / or digestive
* Patient taken in charge for chronic pancreatitis without tumor
* History of supramesocolic radiotherapy
* Sick supported emergency
* Physical or mental condition does not allow participation in the study
* Contra-indication to surgery
* ASA classification (American Society of Anesthesiologists) IV-V or life expectancy \<48
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding
* Patient under guardianship or private patient of liberty by a judicial or administrative decision
* Age under 18yo
C: Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients undergone either pancreaticoduodenectomy (reconstruction by pancreaticojejunostomy) or distal pancreatectomy with an amylase value in drains on postoperative day 1 less than 5000 IU/L

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pancreaticoduodenectomy reconstructed with pancreaticogastrostomy
* Clinical suspect of postoperative haemorrhage within 72hours after the operation
* Clinical suspect of biliary fistula
* Fluid collection greater than 3cm at an ultrasound carried out on postoperative day 3
D: Inclusion Criteria:

* Written Informed consent obtained；
* Both sexes between 18 and 80 years old；
* Patients scheduled to elective open pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with ASA score \>=4;
* Patients who had a previous pancreatic operation;
* Patients with an immunodeficiency;
* Patients who underwent an emergency operation;
* Pregnant patients；
* Patients who was found that pancreaticoduodenectomy was not suitable。

Answer: C