prompt_front: Now, answer the following question based on the text below, only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Which orders did Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind receive Khilafat from?

Read the following text and answer briefly.

Context 1: Ghousul Waqt, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) was born on Monday, 22nd of Zil Hijjah 1310 AH (18 July 1892) in the most beautiful city of Bareilly Shareef, India  It was in this very city that his illustrious father, the Mujaddid (Reviver) of Islam, Imam-e-Ahle Sunnat, A'la Hazrat, Ash Shah Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Al Qaderi (radi Allahu anhu) was born (1856 - 1921) 
At the time of the birth of Ghousul Waqt, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu), his distinguished father, was in Mahrerah Shareef, one of the great spiritual centers of the Sunni World  On that very night, Sayyiduna A'la Hazrat (radi Allahu anhu) dreamt that he had been blessed with a son and in his dream he named his son "Aale Rahmaan"  Hazrat Makhdoom Shah Abul Hussain Ahmadi Noori (radi Allahu anhu), one of the great personalities of Mahrerah Shareef, named the child "Abul Barkaat Muhiy'yuddeen Jilani" 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) was later named "Mustapha Raza Khan"  His Aqiqa was done on the name of "Muhammad", which was the tradition of the family 
Upon the birth of Ghousul Waqt, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) Sayyiduna Shah Abul Hussain Ahmadi Noori (radi Allahu anhu) told A'la Hazrat (radi Allahu anhu), "Maulana! When I come to Bareilly Shareef, then I will definitely see this child  He is a very blessed child "
As promised, when Sayyiduna Abul Hussain Ahmadi Noori (radi Allahu anhu) went to Bareilly Shareef, he immediately summoned to see Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) who was only six (6) months old  Sayyiduna Noori Mia (radi Allahu anhu), as he was also famously known, congratulated A'la Hazrat (radi Allahu anhu) and said, "This child will be of great assistance to the Deen and through him the servants of Almighty Allah will gain great benefit  This child is a Wali  From his blessed sight thousands of stray Muslims will become firm on the Deen  He is a sea of blessings "
On saying this, Sayyiduna Noori Mia (radi Allahu anhu) placed his blessed finger into the mouth of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) and made him a Mureed  He also blessed him with I'jaazat and Khilafat at the same time  (Mufti Azam Hind Number, pg  341)  Not only did he receive Khilafat in the Qaderi Silsila (Order), but also in the Chishti, Nakshbandi, Suharwardi, and Madaari Orders  Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) also received Khilafat from his blessed father, A'la Hazrat, Ash Shah Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Al Qaderi (radi Allahu anhu) 
Ghousul Waqt, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) attained most of his early education from his illustrious family - from his father, A'la Hazrat, Ash Shah Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Al Qaderi (radi Allahu anhu) the Mujaddid of Islam, whose status and position even at that time cannot be explained in these few lines  He also studied Kitaabs under the guidance of Hazrat Moulana Haamid Raza Khan (his elder brother), Maulana Shah Rahm Ilahi Maglori and Maulana Sayed Basheer Ahmad Aligarhi and Maulana Zahurul Hussain Rampuri (radi Allahu anhum)  He studied various branches of knowledge under the guidance of his most learned and blessed father, A'la Hazrat (radi Allahu anhu)  He gained proficiency in the many branches of Islamic knowledge from among which are: Tafseer; Hadith; Fiqh; Laws of Jurisprudence; Sarf; Nahw; Tajweed; Conduct of Language; Philosophy; Logistics; Mathematics; History etc ; Arithmetic; Aqaid (Belief); Taasawwaf; Poetry; Debating; Sciences; etc 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu's) brilliance as an Islamic Scholar manifested itself when he was a still a youth, but overflowing with knowledge and wisdom  He wrote his first historical Fatawa (Islamic Ruling) when he was only 13 years old  It dealt with the topic of "Raza'at" - affinity between persons breast fed by the same woman  The following has been recorded with regards to this occasion 
Hazrat Maulana Zafrud'deen and Hazrat Maulana Sayed Abdur Rasheed (radi Allahu anhum) were at the Darul Ifta (Fatawa Department) at this stage  One day, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) walked into the Darul Ifta and noticed that Hazrat Maulana Zafrud'deen (radi Allahu anhu) was writing a certain Fatawa  He was taking "Fatawa Razvia" from the shelf as his reference  On seeing this, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) said, "Are you relying on Fatawa Razvia to write an answer?" Maulana Zafrud'deen (radi Allahu anhu) replied, "Alright then, why don't you write the answer without looking " Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) then wrote a powerful answer without any problem  This was the Fatawa concerning "Raza'at" - the very first Fatawa which he had written 
Sayyiduna A'la Hazrat (radi Allahu anhu) then signed the Fatawa  He also commanded Hafiz Yaqeenudeen (radi Allahu anhu) to make a stamp for Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) as a gift and said that it should read as follows: "Abul Barkaat Muhiy'yuddeen Jilani Aale Rahmaan urf Mustapha Raza Khan "
This incident took place in 1328 AH  After this incident Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) spent another 12 years writing Fatawas at the feet of A'la Hazrat (radi Allahu anhu)  He was given this immense responsibility of issuing Fatawas even while A'la Hazrat (radi Allahu anhu) was in this physical world  He continued this trend until his last breath  The stamp which was given to him was mislaid during his second Hajj when his bags were lost 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) married the blessed daughter of his paternal uncle, Hazrat Muhammad Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu)  He had 6 daughters and one son, Hazrat Anwaar Raza (radi Allahu anhu), who passed away during childhood 
"Khuda Kheyr se Laaye Wo Din Bhi Noori, Madine ki Galiya Buhara Karoo me"
Tajedaare Ahle Sunnah, Taaje Wilayat Wa Karaamat, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) went twice for Hajj - in 1905 and 1945  He performed his third Hajj in 1971 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) was the first person to go for Hajj without a photograph in his passport  He refused to take a photograph  Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) was allowed to go for Hajj without a photograph in his passport and without taking any vaccinations 
During his trip to Makkatul Mukarramah, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu), also had the opportunity of meeting those Ulema whom his father, Sayidduna A'la Hazrat (radi Allahu anhu), met during his visit to Haramain Sharifain  These great Ulema were from amongst the students of Sayed Yahya Almaan (radi Allahu anhu)  A few of the Ulema that he met were Allamah Sayed Ameen Qutbi; Allamah Sayed Abbas Alawi and Allamah Sayed Noor Muhammad (radi Allahu anhum) - to mention just a few  They narrated many incidents which had taken place during Sayyiduna A'la Hazrat (radi Allahu anhu's) visit to Haramain Sharifain  They then requested Khilafat from Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, (radi Allahu anhu) which he bestowed upon them 
Tajedaare Ahle Sunnah, Taaje Wilayat Wa Karaamat, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) was aware of the actual time of his Wisaal 
On the 6th of Muharram (1981) he said, "All those who intended to become my Mureed but for some reason or the other could not come to me, I have made all of them Mureed and I have given their hands into the hand of Sayidduna Ghousul Azam (radi Allahu anhu) "
On the 12th of Muharram (1981) Hazrat said, "All those who asked me to make Dua for them, I have made Dua for their Jaiz (permissible) intentions to be fulfilled  May Allah accept this Dua " On this day he asked those that were present concerning date  They told him that it was the 12th of Muharram  On hearing this he became silent 
On the 13th of Muharram, he again asked concerning the date and the Mureedeen present said that it was Wednesday, the 13th of Muharram  On hearing this Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) said, "Namaaz will be held at Nau Mahla Musjid"  Those present did not understand what he meant, but remained silent out of respect  After some time again Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) said, "Did anybody tell you about the Namaaz  I will read Jumma Namaaz in Nau Mahla Masjid " After some time Hazrat said, "Did anybody say anything about the Fatiha " Those present just gazed at each others faces and remained silent  Only later did they realise what Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) was implying  Hazrat was spiritally present for Jummah at the Nau Mahla Masjid! Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) was not only giving hope to the Mureedeen but also informing them of his Wisaal 
The shining star of A'la Hazrat, Ash Shah Imam Ahmed Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu), the glitter and the hope for the hearts of millions throughout the world, the Mujaddid of the 15th Century, the Imam of his time, Huzoor Sayyidi Sarkaar Mufti-e- Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) left the Aalame Duniya to Journey towards the Aalame Aakhira  It was 1 40 p m  on the eve of the 14th of Muharram 1402 AH (1981) 
"Chal diye tum Aankho me ashko ka darya chor kar, har jigar me dard apna meetha meetha chor kar"
Rawa Aankho se he Ashko ke Dhaare Mufti-e-Azam, Kaha Ho Be Saharo Ka Sahara Mufti-e-Azam"
On Friday, the 15th of Muharram, at 8  00 a m  the Ghusl of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) took place  His nephew, Hazrat Maulana Rehan Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) performed the Wudhu  Hazrat Allamah Mufti Mohammed Akhtar Raza Khan Azhari performed the Ghusl  Sultan Ashraf Sahib used the jug to pour water  The following persons were present during the Ghusl : Hazrat Maulana Rehan Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu), Hazrat Allamah Mufti Mohammed Akhtar Raza Khan, Sayed Mustaaq Ali, Maulana Sayed Muhammad Husain, Sayed Chaif Sahib, Maulana Naeemullah Khan Sahib Qibla, Maulana Abdul Hamid Palmer Razvi, Muhammad Esa of Mauritius, Ali Husain Sahib, Hajji Abdul Ghaffar, Qari Amaanat Rasool Sahib and a few other Mureeds and family members 
Hazrat Allamah Mufti Mohammed Akhtar Raza Khan Azhari and Hazrat Maulana Rehan Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) have stated that at the time of the Ghusl Shareef of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) the Chaadar mistakenly moved a little  Immediately, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) held the Chaadar between his two fingers and covered the area that the Chaadar exposed  Those present thought that the Chaadar had just got caught between Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu's) fingers  They tried to remove the Chaadar from between his fingers but it would not move  The first person to notice this Karaamat was Hazrat Allamah Mohammed Akhtar Raza Khan Azhari  He showed this to everyone  Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu's) fingers did not move until the area was properly covered 
"Zinda hojate he jo marte he haq ke Naam par, Allah, Allah Maut ko kis ne Masiha Kardiya"
"Janaaze se utha kar haath Pakri Chaadare Aqdas, He too Zinda He ye Zinda Karaamat Mufti e Azam"
As he had wished, the Janaza Salaah of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) was performed by Maulana Sayed Mukhtar Ashraf Jilani at the Islamia Inter College grounds in Bareilly Shareef  Two and a half million (2 500 000) Muslims attended his Janazah Salaah  Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) is buried on the left-hand-side of Sayyiduna A'la Hazrat (radi Allahu anhu)  Those who lowered Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) in his Qabr Shareef have stated that they were continously wiping out perspiration from the forehead of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) right up to the last minute 
"Maangne Waala sub kuch paaye rota aaye hasta Jaaye", "Ye He Unki Adna Karamat Mufti Azam Zinda Baad"
Wealth, presidency, minister ship, worldly satisfaction and happiness can be given to a person by anyone, but such people do not have the spiritual insight to give tranquility to a disturbed heart and they cannot put a smile onto the face of a depressed person  But Tajedaare Ahle Sunnah, Taaje Wilayat Wa Karaamat, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) gave both the treasures of the physical world and the spiritual worlds to those in need  To be his servant was not less than kingship  Every day hundreds and thousands of people in need of spiritual, physical and academic needs would come to him and each one of them returned with complete satisfaction 
"Jhuki Hai Gardane Dar Par Tumhare, Taaj Waalo Ki, Mere Aqa Mere Maula Wo Taajul Auliyah Tum Ho"
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) is that light of such an illustrious family whose radiance reflected itself in his character and manners that he displayed - such qualities that very few would be able to reach perfection  His character was the true embodiment of the Sunnah of Sayyiduna Rasulullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)  He shone like a star in the darkness of the night 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) possessed great heights of good character, moral standards, kindness, sincerity, love and humbleness  He never refused the invitation of any poor Muslim  He always stayed away from those who were very wealthy and lavish  He was the possessor of great moral and ethical values 
It is stated that once Akbar Ali Khan, a Governor of U P , came to visit Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu)  Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) did not meet him but left to a place called Puraana Shahar (Old City) to visit a poor Sunni Muslim who was very ill and at the doorstep of death 
In another occasion, Fakhruddeen Ali Ahmad, the President of a Political Party, came to visit Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) but was refused this opportunity  Many other proud ministers had also come to meet Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) but met with the same fate  This was due to his extreme dislike for politics and involvement in worldly affairs 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) never fell short in entertaining those who came to visit him  When he was physically fit he used go into the Visitors Section and ask each person whether they had eaten or not  He used to ask them if they partook in tea or not  He used to continuously enquire as to whether they were experiencing any difficulties or not  It was often seen that he would personally carry the dishes into the house for the visitors! He was definitely blessed with the characters of the "Salfe Saliheen" or The Pious Servants of Allah 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) was a pillar of hospitality and humbleness  If he reprimanded a certain person for doing something un-Islamic or if he became displeased with anyone for some reason or the other, he used to also explain to the person in a very nice way and also try to cheer that person  He would then make Dua in abundance for such a person  His Mureeds (Disciples), on many ocassions, used to recite Manqabats (Poetry) in his praise  On hearing such Manqabats he would say, "I am not worthy of such praise  May Allah make me worthy "
Many people came to him for his blessings  Others would come for Ta'weez  He never refused anyone  It is also not known how many homes were being supported through the kindness and hospitality of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu)  He always entertained those who came from far and near to the best of his means  He used to even give most of his visitors train and bus fares to travel  In winter, he would give warm clothes, warm sheets and blankets to the poor and the needy 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) gave Khilafat to many Ulema-e-Ikraam and personally tied the Amaama (Turban) on their heads  He gave cloaks, turbans and hats to many people  Once, during winter, a few of the Khaadims were present with Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu)  He was lying on his bed and covered with a shawl  A certain Maulana Abu Sufyaan touched Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu's) shawl and commented as to how beautiful it was  Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) immediately removed the shawl and presented it to him  Although the Moulana refused to accept it Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) gave it to him forcefully 
All of his Mehfils were full of knowledge and Barkah  Many questions on Tassawuf were easily answered by him  It seemed as if the rains of mercy and rays of Noor were spread all over his Mehfils 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) always wanted to see a Muslim's inner and outer personality  He always advised them to mould their lives according to the principles and the commands of Islam  He always showed discomfort to those who did not have beards, those who wore hats and to those who wore ultra-western clothes  He used to warn such Muslims  Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) used to show his displeasure towards those who wore ties  He used to tug at their ties and commanded them to abstain from wearing a tie  He also asked them to make Tauba from such acts 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) always commanded Muslims to give or take anything with their right hand  He stopped the Muslims from calling the governments as their "Sarkaar" or leaders  He never kept any ordinary Kitaab on the books of Tafseer or Hadith  Whenever he sat in a Meelad-un-Nabi (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) or Mehfil-e-Zikr, he always sat with utmost respect until the very end 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) never spat towards the Qibla  He never stretched his legs in the direction of the Qibla  Whenever he entered the cemetery, he never used his entire feet to walk on the ground  He always walked on his toes  At times, he would stand on his toes for about half an hour in the graveyard making Dua-e- Maghfirat!
He always stopped Muslims from doing any false fortune telling  If any death or loss took place in the house of a Muslim, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) would go to comfort the people of that house but he would never eat there  He always advised those in sorrow to make Sabr and remember Almighty Allah  He always respected Ulema-e-Ikraam  He respected the Sayeds in such a manner as a slave will respect his King  He prohibited Muslims from keeping un-Islamic names  He preferred such names as Abdullah, Abdur Rahmaan, Muhammad and Ahmad 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) always performed his Salaah in Jamaah whether he was on journey or not  The moment he put his foot out of his house to go towards the Masjid, he used to be surrounded by his Mureeds (disciples) and well-wishers who would follow him till the Masjid door which was just a few feet away from his house  While some would be kissing his blessed hands, others tried to talk with him  He would reply to all those who made Salaam to him  On entering the Masjid, he would immediately recite the dua prescribed 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) would then remove his Amaama and then sit down to perform Wudhu  He would wash all the parts thoroughly so that the Sunnahs were accomplished  He would perform his Salaah with great sincerity and used to be lost in the worship of his Creator  The person who looked at him from a distance would have instantly understood that Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) had left all the worldly desires and was intent upon pleasing his Creator 
Once, while Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) was traveling from Nagpur, it was time for Maghrib Salaah  He immediately disembarked from the train  The people told Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) that the train was about to leave, but he was intent on performing his Salaah  His companions also disembarked with him  They had just performed their Wudhu and were making Niyyah for Salaah when the train left the station  All of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu's) and his companions luggages' were left on the train  A few un-Islamic people who were there said "the Mias train had left him"  Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) was still in Salaah 
When they all had completed their Salaah, they noticed that the station platform was empty  They became a little worried since all their luggage had gone with the train, but still Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) looked undisturbed  His companions were busy talking about the luggage when they noticed the station guard, followed by a group of travellers, running towards them  The guard came up to Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) and said, "Huzoor! The train is stuck!" Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) said, "The engine is damaged " The train was brought back and Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) and his companions sat in the train  After some repairs the train left with him and his companions seated in it!
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) was drowned in the love for the Holy Prophet, Sayyiduna Rasulullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)  Everything he did was for the pleasure of Almighty Allah and Sayyiduna Rasulullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)  All that he had gained was due to the intense love which he possessed for the Holy Prophet (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) 
His extreme and intense love for the Holy Prophet (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) can be understood by the fact that during the latter stages of his life, even though he was very ill, he would sit for hours with great respect in the Naath Mehfils and would shed tears in his love for Sayyiduna Rasulullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)  He used to celebrate the Meelad-un-Nabi (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) each year with great splendour  The programme used to begin on the eve of the 12th of Rabi-ul-Awwal and used to continue till the next day just before lunch  The invitation was open to all Muslims and they all used to be fed 
Even after examining the Naath Shareefs written by Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) one would see that every word written dislayed his measureless love for the Holy Prophet (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) 
In the world of poetry, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) was a Giant of his time  Most of his poems were in the form of Humd (Praise of Allah), Naath Shareef, Qasidas and Manqabats compiled in the Arabic, Urdu, Persian and Hindi languages  All these poems were compiled into a book which is famously known as "Samaane Bakhshish" which is still available toady  Samaane Bakhshsish is a treasure chest which flows with pearls of love for Sayyiduna Rasoolullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)  The compilation of Samaane Bakhshish is through the blessings of Sayyiduna Rasoolullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) 
"Ye Dil Ye Jigr Hai Ye Aankhe Ye Sar Hai, Jaha Chaaho Rakho Qadam Ghause Azam"
"Once a very young descendant of Sayyiduna Sheikh Abdul Qaadir Jilani (radi Allahu anhu), Hazrat Peer Taahir Ala'uddeen (radi Allahu anhu), visited Bareilly Shareef  The respect and honour that Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) showed towards him was out of this world  Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) used to walk bare feet behind him with great respect "
The great Ulema of the time have stated that Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) was lost to such an extent in the love for Sayyiduna Ghousul Azam, Sheikh Abdul Qaadir Jilani (radi Allahu anhu) that even physically he began to resemble Sheikh Abdul Qaadir Jilani (radi Allahu anhu) 
"Dekh Kar Shakle Mufti Azam, Ghause Azam ki Yaad Aayi he"
Ghousul Waqt, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) had great respect and love for the Ulema and for Sayeds (Descendants of Sayyiduna Rasulullah sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)  The respect which he showed towards them is beyond explanation 
One day, in 1979, a lady came with her little child to ask for Ta'weez  It was a very hot day and she was informed that Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) was resting  The lady, however, was in great need for the particular Ta'weez  She asked someone to see if Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) was awake but nobody had the nerve of going near him while he was resting as they considered this to be disrespectful  Taking her child she commented, "What did we know that the words of Sayeds will not be heard in this place" 
It is not known how Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) heard this, but he immediately summoned one of the Mureeds  He instructed him to call the lady and not give her grief  The woman then sent her child to Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu)  He asked the child's name and showed great love and respect towards this young child  With great affection, he placed his hand on the child's head  He even asked someone to bring an apple for the child  From behind the curtain, he spoke to the lady concerning her problem and immediately wrote a Ta'weez for her 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) then sent a message to his family requesting that the mother and child should only be allowed to leave after the heat became less intense; that they should be well entertained and that no shortage should be spared in entertaining these Sayeds 
When Allamah Sadru Shariah Maulana Amjad Ali Al Qadri (radi Allahu anhu), the author of the famous "Bahare Shariah," used to come to Bareilly Shareef for the Urs Shareef of Sayyiduna A'la Hazrat (radi Allahu anhu), Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) used to go to the railway station to welcome him and showed great respect towards this Scholar of Islam  He also showed great respect towards Sayyidi Hafiz-e-Millat and Hazrat Maulana Hasmat Ali Khan Sahib (radi Allahu anhum)  He also showed respect towards his own Mureeds and Khalifas who were Alims 
"Hawa he Gotand wa Tez lekin Chiraagh Apna Jala Raha he, Wo Marde Durwesh jis ko Haq ne diye the Andaze Khusrawana"
The sign of a true Mo'min is that he never submits himself before an enemy  In the worst of circumstances a Mo'min announces that which is the truth  Sayyiduna Rasulullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) said, "To speak the truth before a tyrant King is a great Jihad " So imagine the excellence of a person who always spoke the truth at all times, a person who always raised the flag of truth and honesty, and a person who never left the path of truth in his entire life!
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) was one such person  He is one of the greatest leaders of the Sunnis  His boldness and fearlessness is difficult to explain  His entire life was spent speaking against Deobandis, Wahabis and all the other misleading sects, whether is was against the West, Qadianism, or Najdism he always challenged them right till the very end  He always propagated the true Deen and the Path of the Ahle Sunnah Wa Jamaah  With his Fatawas, he helped protect the Imaan of not only the Muslims in India and Pakistan, but of Muslims throughout the world 
He attacked the enemies of Islam through his writings, sayings, actions, etc  He did everything in his capacity to challenge the enemies of Islam  No person in his presence could say or do anything against Shariah  No person could speak against that which was the truth  It is stated by one of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu's) Khaadim's, who accompanied him on a journey by train, that there were some people in the train who were consuming alcohol  When Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) saw them, he reprimanded them and told them to desist from such a Haraam act  They did not listen to his advise so he scolded the leader of the group who was a young and well-built person  He gave the young person a hard slap which caused the bottle of alcohol to fall far from his hand  The Khaadim expected the person to retaliate but, who had the nerve to retaliate against this Lion of Islam! They became afraid and sat down quietly  Later some of them came up to Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) and begged for forgiveness for their shameful behavior 
"Tassawuf, Philsafa, Tafseer ki fiqhi Masa'il, Subhi kahte hai ke Aqida Kusha he Mufti Azam"
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu), who after writing his first Fatawa while still a student at "Darul Uloom Manzare Islam", was given the status of Mufti due to his immense knowledge  When the Muslim World began to see his knowledge and Fatawas brightenening the world, they began calling him "Mufti-e-Azam" or The Most Exalted Mufti of the Time  This title alone became the name he was recognised by  Whenever the name "Mufti Azam Hind" was mentioned, it referred to none other than his exalted personality 
Remember that he or she only is exalted who has been blessed with this excellence by Almighty Allah and His Beloved Rasool (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)  Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) was a personality free from pride, lavishness and self- fame  His status was bestowed upon him by Almighty Allah and His Beloved Rasool (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)  That person to whom Almighty Allah and His Rasool (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) grants such excellence, then such excellence cannot be understood by ordinary mortals  This is one of the reasons why the entire world was brightened and received the benefits of his knowledge of Fiqh 
There came a stage when Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) was not only known as "Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind" but he was also known as "Mufti-e-Azam-e-Alam" or The Grand Mufti of the World 
It is recorded that on his trip to the Haramain Sharifain the Ulema of the Hejaz (Arabia), Syria, Egypt, Iraq, and from many other countries came to him to solve Fiqh Mas'alas  Many became his Mureeds  This is how his Faiz of Shariah and Tariqah spread its rays throughout the world  While in the Hejaz Shareef, he also had to deal with many Fatawas that poured in from various countries, such as, Africa, Mauritius, United Kingdom, America, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Malaysia, Bangladesh, and many other places  He answered every single one of them in a very dedicated and professional manner 
During the reign of General Ayub Khan a "Rooyat Hilal Committee" was formed in Pakistan for the purpose of sighting the moon for every Islamic Month, and more importantly, for Eid-ul-Fitr and Eid-ul-Adha  An aeroplane was flown up to a certain height and the moon would be sighted from there  This form of Shahaadah (Confirmation) of the sighting of the moon via an aeroplane was readily accepted by the Pakistani Government  In this manner, Eid was celebrated 
On a specific occasion, on the 29th of Ramadaan, an aero plane was flown from the East to the West of Pakistan and the moon was reported to be sighted  This sighting was announced by the Hilaal Committee, but the Sunni Ulema of Pakistan did not accept this confirmation  The Ulema of Pakistan sent questionnaires to the Ulema throughout the world for clarification and one such questionnaire was sent to Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu)  Many Ulema replied that the confirmation had to be accepted and that it was permissible, but Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) clearly replied that this was not permissible  His Fatawa read as follows:" The Command of Shariah is to sight the Moon and fast or celebrate Eid  Where the Moon is not sighted the Qazi should give an Islamic decision in connection with a confirmation  The moon must be sighted from the ground level or any place attached to the ground  With regards to the matter of using the plane - to sight the moon via a plane is wrong because the moon sets and does not perish  This is why it is sometimes sighted on the 29th and sometimes on the 30th  If to fly in a plane to sight the moon is a condition, then by increasing altitude the moon will be sighted even on the 27th and 28th  In this case, will the sighting be confirmed for the 27th or 28th? No person in his right sense will accept this  Thus under these circumstances, how would it be proper to sight the moon on the 29th?"
This Fatawa of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) appeared in every newspaper in Pakistan as "Headline News" 
The following month, on the 27th and the 28th, the Pakistan Government sent an aeroplane at a higher altitude and found that the moon was visible on these days  The Government of Pakistan then accepted the Fatawa of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) and the Hilaal Committee of Pakistan was disbanded 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) wrote more or less 50 000 Fatawas in his lifetime  His word was accepted by great Ulema  Shamsul Ulema, Hazrat Maulana Shamsud'deen Ja'fari (radi Allahu anhu) stated: "In this era, there is no greater expert in Fiqha than Huzoor Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu)  Whenever I present myself in his high court I always sit with my head bowed and I listen to his words in silence  I do not have the audacity to talk in abundance to him "
"Amaanat Hind-o-Paak he is baat ke Shaahid, Ke badal deti he minto me Huqumat Mufti-e-Azam"
The year 1976 was a very difficult period for the Muslims in India  Certain Ulema, bought of by the Saudi Riyals and American Dollars, passed the Fatawa making Vasectomy (male sterilization to prevent birth of children) permissible  The Indian Government made Vasectomy necessary for every male in India at that time 
Muslims of India were in search of a Saviour to prevent such a law from being passed as this would mean them not having any more children  They were looking for someone who would stand and fight for their religious rights  All the Muslims looked towards the city of Bareilly Shareef, the city of light and truth, for an answer to this controversy  All of a sudden that Mujahhid of Islam rose with the torch of knowledge and light against the winds of enmity and destruction - Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu)  He immediately issued the true Fatawa on vasectomy and said, "Vasectomy is Haraam, Haraam, Haraam " This news spread throughout India  Through the Dua and firmness of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) on this issue, the Government that wished to pass this law had lost power, and a new government came into power  The law on Vasectomy was abolished!
Once, Maulana Abdul Hadi Al Qaderi and Soofi Iqbal Sahib asked Ghousul Waqt, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) the following question: "Huzoor! Can one remember his Sheikh in Namaaz?" Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) answered by saying, "If you need to remember anyone in Namaaz then you should remember Tajedare Do Aalam, Habbibe Khuda (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)  Yes, just as people tend to gaze here and there in Namaaz - if, in this way, the thought of one's Peer comes into the mind, then there is no hindrance"  Subhan-Allah! Such caution is in this answer! This answer has also contradicted the Deobandi belief  By looking at the life of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) and reading his Fatawas, one would see his status and excellence in the spiritual domain  His spiritual life was according to that of his renowned and distinguished father, Sayyiduna A'la Hazrat (radi Allahu anhu) 
When the Americans were announcing there journey to the moon, a few Ulema were present with Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu)  Amongst these Ulema were Shamsul Ulema Hazrat Maulana Shamsud'deen and Allamah Ghulam Jilani Mirati (radi Allahu anhum)  They were discussing the concepts concerning the sun and the moon  Mufti-e-Azam-e- Hind (radi Allahu anhu) said that the sky and the earth are both stationary and that the moon and the sun are in motion  On hearing this Allama Ghulam Jilani Mirati (radi Allahu anhu) said, "In the Holy Quran it is said, 'Wash Shamsu Tajri Li Mustaqaril'laha'  In other words, the sun is in motion in its fixed abode  From the word 'Tajri', it is obvious that the sun is in motion and from the word 'Mustaqaril'laha' it is obvious that it is stationary in one place  How can both these concepts be right?"
In answer to this, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind, Moulana Mustapha Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu) immediately said, "It was commanded to Hazrat Adam (alaihis salaam) and Hazrat Hawa (radi Allahu anha) (as follows): 'Walakum fil Ardi Mustaqar'  Does this mean that they were stationary in only one portion of the earth? Did they not walk around (on the earth)? To be Mustaqar means to be stationary in your surrounding, not to come out of your boundaries  To move but to move within your boundaries of movement " On hearing this Allama Mirati Sahib (radi Allahu anhu) became silent 
Hazrat Muhaddith-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) said: "IN THIS TIME, THAT PERSONALITY WHOSE TAQWA (PIETY) IS MORE THAN HIS FATAWA, IS NONE OTHER THAN THE SON OF SAYYIDI A'LA HAZRAT (RADI ALLAHU ANHU) WHOSE BEAUTIFUL NAME IS MUSTAPHA RAZA AND THIS NAME COMES ON MY TONGUE WITHOUT PROBLEM AND IT ALLOWS ME TO GAIN GREAT BLESSINGS " Once Hazrat Muhaddith-e-Azam (radi Allahu anhu) wrote the following words on the Fatawa of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu): "THIS IS THE SAYING OF SUCH AN AALIM WHOM TO FOLLOW IS COMPULSORY "
Huzoor Sayyidi Hafiz-e-Millat (radi Allahu anhu) stated, "A PERSON DOES NOT GET PROPER RESPECT AND ACCEPTANCE IN HIS OWN TOWN, BUT THE ACCEPTANCE AND RESPECT THAT HUZOOR MUFTI AZAM HAS GAINED IN HIS TOWN CANNOT BE FOUND ANYWHERE ELSE  THIS IS OPEN PROOF OF HIS KARAMAAT AND WILAYAT"  He then said, "MUFTI AZAM IS A KING, HE IS A KING"  (Which means that he should be respected and treated as a King) 
Huzoor Mujjahid-e-Millat (radi Allahu anhu) said, "IN THIS TIME, THE PERSONALITY OF HUZOOR MUFTI AZM HIND (RADI ALLAHU ANHU) IS A UNIQUE ONE, ESPECIALLY IN THE FIELD OF IFTA, BUT ALSO IN HIS DAILY CONVERSATIONS - THE MANNER IN WHICH HE SPOKE AND EXPLAINED CAN BE UNDERSTOOD BY ONLY THE PEOPLE OF KNOWLEDGE "
The "Imam Ghazzali" of his time, Allama Saeed Ahmad Kazmi Shah Sahib (radi Allahu anhu) says, "THE STATUS OF SAYYIDI MUFTI AZAM HIND (RADI ALLAHU ANHU) CAN BE UNDERSTOOD FROM THIS THAT HE IS THE SON AND THE BELOVED OF MUJJADIDE DEEN-O-MILLAT, IMAM AHLE SUNNAT, ASH SHAH IMAM AHMAD RAZA KHAN (RADI ALLAHU ANHU) "
Hazrat Qari Maslihud'deen (radi Allahu anhu) says, "AFTER THE WISAAL OF MY MURSHAD, THE CENTRAL POINT OF MY FOCUS WAS THE PERSONALITY OF HUZOOR MUFTI AZAM HIND (RADI ALLAHU ANHU) AND NOT ONLYWAS HE THE POINT OF MY FOCUS, BUT ALSO THAT OF THE ENTIRE SUNNI POPULATION "
One of the greatest Karamats of a Mo'min is for him to be always steadfast on Shariat-e-Mustapha and Sunnat-e-Mustapha (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)  A Mo'min must be prepared to accept all the difficulties and calamities of life  When faced by any calamity he should always make Shukr to Allah Almighty 
These outstanding qualities can be found in the life of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu)  He was always steadfast and firm on Shariat-e-Mustapha (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)  It is said that it is impossible to move a mountain from its place but it was not possible to move Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) from the Shariat-e-Mustapha (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)  Every second in the life of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) was a Karaamat  Volumes can be written about the Karaamats of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu)  He himself is a living Karaamat!
"Kaha tak Raaz likhoge karaamat Mufti-e-Azam, Sarapa hi Sarapa he karaamat Mufti-e-Azam"
For the purpose of Fuyooz-o-barkaat we will quote one such Karaamat 
Once Hazrat went for the Urs of Hazrat Mahboob-e-Ilahi, Kwaja Nizaamud'deen Awliyah (radi Allahu anhu) to Delhi  He stayed at a place called 'Koocha Jilan' with Ashfaaq Ahmad Sahib  At this place, a certain Wahabi Maulvi began arguing with Hazrat concerning the Ilme Ghaib (Knowledge of the Unseen) of Huzoor Anwar (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam)  Ashfaaq Ahmad Sahib asked Hazrat not to argue with this person as it would not make any difference to him  Hazrat said, "Let him speak  I will listen to him and all those who are present should also listen attentively  The reason why nothing makes a difference to Maulvi Sahib is because nobody listens to him properly  So let him say that which he wishes " Maulvi Saeedud'deen then spoke for approximately 15 minutes explaining how Rasoolullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) did not possess Ilme Ghaib  He spoke for some time and then became silent 
Hazrat then said, "If you have forgotten anything concerning your argument then please try to remember " The Maulvi Sahib spent another half an hour trying to prove that Huzoor (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) did not possess Ilme Ghaib 
After listening to his arguments Hazrat said, "You should immediately repent from your false belief  Allah has definitely blessed Huzoor (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) with Ilme Ghaib and you have tried to contradict it in every way you could  If you do not mind, then also listen to my argument" 
Then very sarcastically Hazrat said, "What is the responsibility of a son towards his widowed mother?" Maulvi Sahib in answer said, "I will not answer this as it is not relevant to the topic of discussion" 
Hazrat then said, "I did not mind when you questioned me, but in any case just listen to my questions  There is no need to answer them" 
The second question Hazrat asked was, "How is it to take a loan from someone and then hide from him? Can you become weary of your crippled son and leave him to beg? To make Hajj Badal from    "
This question was not yet completed when the Wahabi Maulvi fell at the feet of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) and said, "Hazrat! It is enough  The problem has been solved  Today I have realised that Huzoor (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) has Ilme Ghaib  If not by now the Munaafiqeen would have destroyed the Islamic Missions  If Almighty Allah has shown you those things about me which nobody else here knows about, then I cannot imagine all that which He has informed Rasoolullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) of" 
The Wahabi Maulvi immediately repented and became Mureed of Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) 
Each year, Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) used to go to Calcutta for missionary work  The Pope used to also visit Calcutta and although he received good coverage in the media, very few Christians turned up to meet the Pope  The Christians of Calcutta became very jealous whenever Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) visited that city as, without any news coverage, he attracted thousands of people who came to see him 
The Christians decided to insult Huzoor Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) and lower his personality in the eyes of the people  They trained three Christians to approach Huzoor Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) with the pretence that they were going to become his Mureeds  This was their plan: Whenever Hazrat was going to make any person his Mureed, he would ask the person to say, "Say that you have given your hand into the hands of Ghous-e-Azam (radi Allahu anhu) " The Christians where then going to say that Hazrat is a liar (Allah forbid) since that was not the hand of Ghous-e-Azam (radi Allahu anhu)!
The three Christians, now disguised as Muslims went to Huzoor Mufti-e-Azam (radi Allahu anhu) with the pretence of becoming his Mureed  When two of the Christians saw Hazrat's noorani face they became afraid of carrying out their plans, but the third Christian, who was very stubborn, decided to carry out the plan 
He sat in front of Huzoor Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) and Hazrat proceeded with making him a Mureed  When Hazrat said, "Say that you have given your hand into the hands of Ghous-e-Azam (radi Allahu anhu)," he said, "I am giving my hand in the hand of Mufti-e-Azam " He was implying that Hazrat was asking him to lie when he was made to say a moment ago that he is not going to lie 
Huzoor Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) again commanded him to say, "Say that you have given your hand into the hands of Ghous-e-Azam (radi Allahu anhu) " He again said, "I am giving my hand in the hand of Mufti-e-Azam "
Huzoor Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) came into a Jalaal (Spiritual Anger) state and said, "Say that you are giving your hands into the hands of Ghous-e-Azam (radi Allahu anhu) " To the surprise of many, the Christian began continuously saying, "I have given my hands into the hands of Ghous-e-Azam, I have my given hands into the hands of Ghous-e-Azam (radi Allahu anhu)       "
When asked about his behavior, the Christian said that as Huzoor Mufti-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) commanded him for the final time to say that he has given his hands into the hands of Ghous-e-Azam (radi Allahu anhu), he actually saw two bright hands emerging from Hazrat's hands and the Christian says that he is sure that these hands were none other the mubarak hands of Ghous-e-Azam (radi Allahu anhu) 
That Christian then asked Huzoor Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) for forgiveness and explained to him what his true intentions were  He immediately accepted Islam and became a Mureed  The news of this Karaamat spread far and wide and thousands of Christians accepted Islam at Hazrat's hands  Subhan-Allah! This incident was narrated by Hazrat Moulana Abdul Hamid Palmer Noori Razvi, a close Khalifa of Huzoor Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) 
Huzoor Sayyidi Sarkaar Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu's) Mazaar Shareef is situated in Mohalla Saudagran, Bareilly Shareef  Every year thousands of Mureeds and lovers of Huzoor Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu) present themselves at Bareilly Shareef for his Urs Mubaarak 
Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind (radi Allahu anhu's) Mureedeen were not only ordinary people but his Mureeds also consisted of great Ulema, Muftis, Mufassirs, Poets, Philosophers, Professors, Doctors, etc  It is said that he has millions of Mureedeen 
In India - Mufas'sire Azam Hind Hazrat Ibrahim Raza (radi Allahu anhu); Hazrat Maulana Tahseen Raza Khan; Hazrat Maulana Rehan Raza Khan (radi Allahu anhu); Hazrat Allamah Mufti Mohammed Akhtar Raza Khan Azhari; Muhadithe Kabeer Hazrat Maulana Mufti Zia Ul Mustapaha Sahib; Hazrat Maulana Arshadul Qaadri Sahib 
His Eminence, Shaikh Mufti Mohammad Akhtar Raza Khan Azhari Al-Qaderi, was born on the 25th of Safar in the year 1942 in Bareilly, the citadel of spirituality and learning  He is the great grandson of A'la Hazrat, Shaikh Imam Ahmed Raza Fazil-e Barelvi (rahmatullahi alaih), the Mujaddid (Reviver) of Islam in the 14th Century Hijri 
Under the tutorship of renowned Ulama, he attained the degree of Fazile Deeniyat (Graduation in Islamic Theology) from Darul Uloom Manzare Islam, Bareilly  After spending three years (1963 - 1966) at the Al Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt, his Eminence post-graduated in Arabic Literature and Deeniyat with specialization in Ahadith (Prophetic Tradition) and Tafseer (Quranic Exegesis) with high distinctions 
On his return home, he joined Darul Uloom Manzare Islam, Bareilly Shareef  Thereafter, he left the Darul Uloom and established his own Darul-Ifta with the permission of his maternal grandfather, Huzoor Mufti-e-Azam Hind, Shaikh Mufti Muhammad Mustapha Raza Khan (rahmatullahi alaih)  His Eminence, Mufti-e-Azam Hind (rahmatullahi alaih) declared him his Ja'Nashin (Successor) while the great Shaikh was present in this world 
His Eminence inherited the skill in the issuing of Fatawa (Legal Islamic Rulings) and in tackling the complex issues relating to Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence) directly from Mufti-e-Azam (radi Allahu anhu) who inherited it directly from Mujaddid-e-Deen-o-Millat, Ash Shah Imam Ahmed Raza Bareilvi (rahmatullahi alaih) 
He is not only the Successor and a trustworthy custodian of Fatawa writing of Shaikh Mufti-e-Azam Hind (rahmatullahi alaih), but also the custodian of learning, knowledge, sanctity and saintliness, of his grandfather, Hujjatul Islam, Moulana Muhammad Haamid Raza Khan (rahmatullahi alaihi) 
His father, Moulana Muhammad Ibrahim Raza Khan Jilaani Mia (rahmatullahi alaih), was a great Aalim and Saint  He was well-versed in the commentary of the Holy Quran and so was given the title of Mufassir-e-Azam-e-Hind or Great Commentator of the Holy Quran in India 
His Eminence, Mufti Akhtar Raza Khan Azhari, travels extensively propagating the Deen and is a world-renowned preacher and a spiritual guide  Thousands of Muslims in India and abroad are attached with his Silsila  His Eminence has many Khulafa  He was also given the title of Taajush Shari'ah 
Besides being a great Mufti and Aalim, he is also a poet and an academic writer  His Diwan (Collection of Poems) was published for the first time entitled Naghmat-e-Akhtar  Later, it was published entitled Safina-e-Bakhshish in 1986, a chrono-grammical name, derived by Dr  Abdun Naim Azizi  Safina-e-Bakhshish includes Mufti Akhtar Raza Khan's Urdu and Arabic poems and was compiled and published by Dr  Abdun Naim Azizi  Many of Allama Mohammad Akhtar Raza's Naaths and Manqabats have not been published as yet 
Amongst his academic works, a few are as follows: (1) Taswiron Ka Hukm, (2) T V  aur Video ka Operation, (3) Difae Kanzul Imaan, (4) Sharhe-Hadise Niyat, (5) Al-Haqqul Mobeen (Arabic), (6) Difa Kanzul Imaan Part I & II (7) Mer-atun-Najdi'ah (Arabic) (8) Hazrat Ibrahim ke Waalid Tariq ya Azar, etc 
His Darul-Ifta is now the central Darul Ifta of not only Bareilly Shareef, but of the Sunni world and he has continued the prestige of Fatawa writing of his grand-father and great grand-father  To date, he has written more than 5 000 Fatawa Besides being well-versed in Arabic, Persian, and Urdu he has also a good knowledge of English  He has written many Fatawa in the English Language  The original book, Few English Fatawa, was first published by Edara Sunni Duniya, 82 Saudagran, Bareilly Shareef by his Eminence  Allama Mufti Naseem Ashraf Habibi, who is the Head Advisor and Mufti of the Imam Ahmed Raza Academy and of Sunni Ulama Council included a few more unpublished Fatawas, which was also written or orally dictated in English by Hazrat Azhari Sahib 
May Almighty Allah keep Hazrat Allama Mufti Mohammad Akhtar Raza Khan Azhari firm on Maslak-e-A'la Hazrat and serve as a beacon of guidance  May He grant his Eminence good health and long life  Aameen 
Context 2: Publications of Kam W  Leong
Publications of Kam W  Leong :chronological alphabetical combined bibtex listing:
K W  Leong, Synthetic mast-cell granules as adjuvants to promote and polarize immunity in lymph nodes (2013) [PDF]
K W  Leong, Tuning Physical Properties of Nanocomplexes through Microfluidics-Assisted Confinement (2013) [PDF]
K W  Leong, Nucleic acid scavengers inhibit thrombosis without increasing bleeding (2013) [PDF]
K W  Leong, Nanotopography as modulator of human mesenchymal stem cell function (2013) [PDF]
K W  Leong, Efficacy of engineered FVIII-producing skeletal muscle enhanced by growth factor-releasing co-axial electrospun fibers (2013) [PDF]
Zhao, F  and Veldhuis, J  J  and Duan, Y  J  and Yang, Y  and Christoforou, N  and Ma, T  and Leong, K  W , Low Oxygen Tension and Synthetic Nanogratings Improve the Uniformity and Stemness of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Layer, Molecular Therapy, vol  18 no  5 (2010), pp  1010-1018 [abs]
Kadiyala, I  and Loo, Y  H  and Roy, K  and Rice, J  and Leong, K  W , Transport of chitosan-DNA nanoparticles in human intestinal M-cell model versus normal intestinal enterocytes, European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol  39 no  1-3 (2010), pp  103-109 [abs]
Wang, Y  and Quek, C  H  and Leong, K W  and Fang, J , Synthesis and Cytotoxity of Luminescent InP Quantum Dots, MRS Symposium Proceeding, vol  1241E (2010)
Jiang, X  and Zheng, Y  and Chen, H  H  and Leong, K  W  and Wang, T  H  and Mao, H  Q , Dual-Sensitive Micellar Nanoparticles Regulate DNA Unpacking and Enhance Gene-Delivery Efficiency, Adv Mater (2010)
Ho, Y  P  and Leong, K  W , Quantum dot-based theranostics, Nanoscale, vol  2 no  1 (2010), pp  60-68 [PDF] [abs]
Phua, K  and Leong, K  W , Microscale oral delivery devices incorporating nanoparticles, Nanomedicine, vol  5 no  2 (2010), pp  161-163
Grigsby, C  L  and Leong, K  W , Balancing protection and release of DNA: tools to address a bottleneck of non-viral gene delivery, Journal of the Royal Society Interface, vol  7 (2010), pp  S67-S82 [abs]
Chalut, K  J  and Kulangara, K  and Giacomelli, M  G  and Wax, A  and Leong, K  W , Deformation of stem cell nuclei by nanotopographical cues, Soft Matter, vol  6 no  8 (2010), pp  1675-1681 [abs]
Chen, S  and Jones, J  A  and Xu, Y  and Low, H  Y  and Anderson, J  M  and Leong, K  W , Characterization of topographical effects on macrophage behavior in a foreign body response model, Biomaterials, vol  31 no  13 (2010), pp  3479-91 [PDF] [abs]
Yim, E  K  F  and Darling, E  M  and Kulangara, K  and Guilak, F  and Leong, K  W , Nanotopography-induced changes in focal adhesions, cytoskeletal organization, and mechanical properties of human mesenchymal stem cells, Biomaterials, vol  31 no  6 (2010), pp  1299-1306 [PDF] [abs]
Yow, S  Z  and Quek, C  H  and Yim, E  K  F  and Lim, C  T  and Leong, K  W , Collagen-based fibrous scaffold for spatial organization of encapsulated and seeded human mesenchymal stem cells, Biomaterials, vol  30 no  6 (2009), pp  1133-1142 [abs]
Kunder, C  A  and John, A  L  S  and Li, G  J  and Leong, K  W  and Berwin, B  and Staats, H  F  and Abraham, S  N , Mast cell-derived particles deliver peripheral signals to remote lymph nodes, Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol  206 no  11 (2009), pp  2455-2467 [abs]
Ho, Y P  and Chen, H H  and Leong, K W  and Wang, T H , Combining QD-FRET and microfluidics to monitor DNA nanocomplex self-assembly in real-time, J Vis Exp (2009), pp  1432
Kulangara, K  and Leong, K  W , Substrate topography shapes cell function, Soft Matter, vol  5 no  21 (2009), pp  4072-4076 [abs]
Chakraborty, S  and Liao, I  C  and Adler, A  and Leong, K  W , Electrohydrodynamics: A facile technique to fabricate drug delivery systems, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, vol  61 no  12 (2009), pp  1043-1054 [abs]
Oney, S  and Lam, R  T  S  and Bompiani, K  M  and Blake, C  M  and Quick, G  and Heidel, J  D  and Liu, J  Y  C  and Mack, B  C  and Davis, M  E  and Leong, K  W  and Sullenger, B  A , Development of universal antidotes to control aptamer activity, Nature Medicine, vol  15 no  10 (2009), pp  1224-1228 [PDF] [abs]
Chen, H  H  and Ho, Y  P  and Jiang, X  and Mao, H  Q  and Wang, T  H  and Leong, K  W , Simultaneous non-invasive analysis of DNA condensation and stability by two-step QD-FRET, Nano Today, vol  4 no  2 (2009), pp  125-134 [PDF] [abs]
Ho, Y  P  and Chen, H  H  and Leong, K  W  and Wang, T  H , The convergence of quantum-dot-mediated fluorescence resonance energy transfer and microfluidics for monitoring DNA polyplex self-assembly in real time, Nanotechnology, vol  20 no  9 (2009), pp  - [abs]
Liao, I  C  and Chen, S  L  and Liu, J  B  and Leong, K  W , Sustained viral gene delivery through core-shell fibers, Journal of Controlled Release, vol  139 no  1 (2009), pp  48-55 [abs]
Lou, Y  L  and Peng, Y  S  and Chen, B  H  and Wang, L  F  and Leong, K  W , Poly(ethylene imine)-g-chitosan using EX-810 as a spacer for nonviral gene delivery vectors, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, vol  88A no  4 (2009), pp  1058-1068 [abs]
Chew, S  Y  and Mi, R  and Hoke, A  and Leong, K  W , The effect of the alignment of electrospun fibrous scaffolds on Schwann cell maturation, Biomaterials, vol  29 no  6 (2008), pp  653-61 [abs]
Chen, H  H  and Ho, Y  P  and Jiang, X  and Mao, H  Q  and Wang, T  H  and Leong, K  W , Quantitative comparison of intracellular unpacking kinetics of polyplexes by a model constructed from quantum Dot-FRET, Molecular Therapy, vol  16 no  2 (2008), pp  324-332 [abs]
Chan, B  P  and Leong, K  W , Scaffolding in tissue engineering: general approaches and tissue-specific considerations, European Spine Journal, vol  17 (2008), pp  S467-S479 [abs]
Tsurushima, H  and Yuan, X  and Dillehay, L  E  and Leong, K  W , Radiation-inducible caspase-8 gene therapy for malignant brain tumors, International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, vol  71 no  2 (2008), pp  517-525 [abs]
Bowman, K  and Sarkar, R  and Raut, S  and Leong, K  W , Gene transfer to hemophilia A mice via oral delivery of FVIII-chitosan nanoparticles, Journal of Controlled Release, vol  132 no  3 (2008), pp  252-259 [abs]
Choi, J  S  and Leong, K  W  and Yoo, H  S , In vivo wound healing of diabetic ulcers using electrospun nanofibers immobilized with human epidermal growth factor (EGF), Biomaterials, vol  29 no  5 (2008), pp  587-96 [abs]
Liao, I  C  and Liu, J  B  and Bursac, N  and Leong, K  W , Effect of Electromechanical Stimulation on the Maturation of Myotubes on Aligned Electrospun Fibers, Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering, vol  1 no  2-3 (2008), pp  133-145 [abs]
Prow, T  W  and Bhutto, I  and Kim, S  Y  and Grebe, R  and Merges, C  and McLeod, D  S  and Uno, K  and Mennon, M  and Rodriguez, L  and Leong, K  and Lutty, G  A , Ocular nanoparticle toxicity and transfection of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium, Nanomedicine-Nanotechnology Biology and Medicine, vol
Context 3: Ann's Mega Dub: 12/19/10 - 12/26/10
Got o have a penis to be an expert
Thursday on NPR's Fresh Air, Terry Gross wanted to talk film and music  Since women don't know a thing about either and aren't interested in either, Terry had to find men who were 'experts 'This is C I 's " Iraq snapshot Friday, December 24, 2010  Chaos and violence continue, Nouri's incomplete Cabinet continues to receive criticism, a father offers an 'excuse' for killing his own daughter, and more Marci Stone (US Headlines Examiner) reports, "Friday afternoon, Santa is currently in Baghdad, Iraq and on his next stop is Moscow, Russia, according to the 2010 NORAD Santa Tracker  The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) has been tracking Santa as he makes his annual journey throughout the world " Gerald Skoning (Palm Beach Post) quotes Santa saying, "We send our special wishes for peace and goodwill to all  That includes the people of Iraq, Afghanistan, Iran and North Korea " Please note that this is Santa's seventh trip to Iraq since the start of the Iraq War and, as usual, his journey was known in advance  No waiting until he hit the ground to announce he was going to Iraq -- the way George The Bully Boy Bush had to and the way US President Barack Obama still has to  In the lead up to Santa's yearly visit, many 'authorities' in Iraq began insisting that Christmas couldn't be celebrated publicly, that even Santa was banned  Gabriel Gatehouse (BBC News) quotes Shemmi Hanna stating, "I wasn't hurt but I wish that I had been killed  I wish I had become a martyr for this church, but God kept me alive for my daughters " Shemmi Hanna was in Our Lady of Salvation Church in Baghdad when it was assaulted October 31st and she lost her husband, her son, her daughter-in-law and her infant grandson in the attack  The October 31st attack marks the latest wave of violence targeting Iraqi Christians  The violence has led many to flee to northern Iraq (KRG) or to other countries  Zvi Bar'el (Haaretz) notes, "This week the Iraqi legislature discussed the Christians' situation and passed a resolution in principle to help families who fled  However, the parliament does not know where the Christians are, how many are still in Iraq, in their homes, and how many have found asylum in Iraqi Kurdistan " John Leland (New York Times) reports:The congregants on Friday night were fewer than 100, in a sanctuary built for four or five times as many  But they were determined  This year, even more than in the past, Iraqi's dwindling Christian minority had reasons to stay home for Christmas  "Yes, we are threatened, but we will not stop praying," the Rev  Meyassr al-Qaspotros told the Christmas Eve crowd at the Sacred Church of Jesus, a Chaldean Catholic church  "We do not want to leave the country because we will leave an empty space " Raheem Salman (Los Angeles Times) reports, "Rimon Metti's family will go to Christian services on Christmas Day, but his relatives will be praying for their own survival and wondering whether this is their last holiday season in Baghdad  If they had any grounds for optimism about the future of their faith in Iraq, it vanished this year amid repeated attacks on fellow believers " Shahsank Bengali (McClatchy Newspapers) adds, "Nearly two months after a shocking assault by Islamist militants, Our Lady of Salvation Catholic Church will commemorate Christmas quietly, with daytime mass and prayers for the dead, under security fit more for a prison than a house of worship  It is the same at Christian churches across Baghdad and northern Iraq, where what's left of one of the world's oldest Christian communities prepares to mark perhaps the most somber Christmas since the start of the Iraq war "Meanwhile Taylor Luck (Jordan Times) reports on Iraqi refugees in Jordan:Although the calendar will say December 25, for Theresa, Saturday will not be Christmas  There will be no cinnamon klecha cooling on the dining room table, no outdoor ceramic nativity scene, no readings of hymns with relatives  The 63-year-old Iraqi woman has even refused to put up Christmas lights in the crowded two-room Amman hotel apartment she has called home since fleeing Baghdad last month "There is no holiday spirit  All we have is fear," she said This holiday will instead mark another year without news from her 46-year-old son, who was kidnapped outside Baghdad in late 2006 From Turkey, Sebnem Arsu (New York Times -- link has text and video) notes the increase in Iraq refugees to the country since October 31st and quotes Father Emlek stating, "I've never seen as many people coming here as I have in the last few weeks  They also go to Lebanon, Jordan and Syria but it seems that Turkey is the most popular despite the fact that they do not speak the language " Jeff Karoub (AP) reports on the small number of Iraqi refugees who have made it to the US and how some of them "struggle with insomnia, depression and anxiety "One group in Iraq who can openly celebrate Christmas are US service members who elect to  Barbara Surk (AP) reports that tomorrow Chief Warrant Officer Archie Morgan will celebrate his fourth Christmas in Iraq and Captain Diana Crane is celebrating her second Christmas in Iraq: "Crane was among several dozen troops attending a Christmas Eve mass in a chapel in Camp Victory, an American military base just outside Baghdad " Marc Hansen (Des Moines Reigster) speaks with six service members from Iowa who are stationed in Iraq  Sgt 1st Class Dennis Crosser tells Hansen, "I certainly understand from reading the paper what's going on in Afghanistan and the attention definitely needs to be on the troops there  But everyone serving here in Operation New Dawn appreciates a little bit of attention as we finish this up "Today Jiang Yu, China's Foreign Minister, issued the following statement, "We welcome and congratulate Iraq on forming a new government  We hope that the Iraqi Government unite all its people, stabilize the security situation, accelerate economic reconstruction and make new progress in building its country " James Cogan (WSWS) reports:US State Department official Philip Crowley declared on Wednesday that Washington had not "dictated the terms of the government"  In reality, constant American pressure was applied to Maliki, Allawi, Kurdish leaders and other prominent Iraqi politicians throughout the entire nine-month process to form a cabinet  The US intervention included numerous personal phone calls and visits to Baghdad by both President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden The key objective of the Obama administration has been to ensure that the next Iraqi government will "request" a long-term military partnership with the US when the current Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) expires at the end of 2011  The SOFA is the legal basis upon which some 50,000 American troops remain in Iraq, operating from large strategic air bases such as Balad and Tallil and Al Asad  US imperialism spent billions of dollars establishing these advanced bases as part of its wider strategic plans and has no intention of abandoning them Cogan's only the second person to include the SOFA in his report  Some are impressed with the 'feat' of taking nearly ten months to form a government, stringing the country along for ten months while no decisions could go through  The editorial board of the Washington Post, for example, was full of praise yesterday  Today they're joined by Iran's Ambassador to Iraq, Hassan Danaiifar  The Tehran Times reports that Danaiifar was full of praise today hailing the "positive and final step which ended the 10-month political limbo in Iraq " However, Danaiifar was less pie-in-the-sky than the Post editorial board because he can foresee future problems as evidenced by his statement, "We may witness the emergence of some problems after one and half of a year -- for example, some ministers may be impeached " Of course, there are already many clouds on the horizon, even if Iranian diplomats and Post editorial boards can't suss them out  For example, Ben Bendig (Epoch Times) noted the objection of Iraq's female politicians to Nouri al-Maliki's decision to nominate only one woman (so far) to his Cabinet: "Some 50 female lawmakers went to the country's top leadership, the United Nations and the Arab League to voice their concern and desire for increased representation " BNO notes that protest and also that a group of Iraqi MPs are alleging that Iraqiya bought seats in the Cabinet via money exchanged in Jordan  UPI adds, "Maliki, a Shiite who has a long history of working with Tehran, has named himself acting minister of defense, interior and national security, three most powerful and sensitive posts in the government he is stitching together  Although Maliki appears to be bending over backward to accommodate rivals among Iraq's Shiite majority as well as minority Sunnis and Kurds in his administration in a spirit of reconciliation, he is unlikely to relinquish those ministries that dominate the security sector " DPA reports, "Sheikh Abdel-Mahdi al-Karbalaei, a confident of influential Shiite spiritual leader Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, said that the new cabinet is 'below the standards' Iraqi citizens had hoped for and suggested it could prove to be weaker than the previous government " Ranj Alaaldin (Guardian) also spots clouds on the horizon:Lasting peace and stability depends on resolving outstanding disputes with the Kurds on oil, revenue-sharing, security and the disputed territories (Kirkuk in particular)  The Kurds, rather than exploiting their kingmaker position to take a stronger proportion of ministries in Baghdad (they are taking just one major portfolio – the foreign ministry), are instead banking on guarantees from Maliki to implement their list of 19 demands that includes resolving the above disputes in their favour



ground_truth: Mufti-e-Azam-e-Hind received Khilafat in the Qaderi, Chishti, Nakshbandi, Suharwardi, and Madaari Orders.

prompt_front: Now, answer the following question based on the text below, only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: What are the titles of one of Kam W. Leong's publications in Journal of Controlled Release?

Read the following text and answer briefly.

Context 2:  4 no  4 (2008), pp  340-349 [abs]
Tan, S  C  W  and Pan, W  X  and Ma, G  and Cai, N  and Leong, K  W  and Liao, K , Viscoelastic behaviour of human mesenchymal stem cells, Bmc Cell Biology, vol  9 (2008), pp  - [abs]
Chalut, K  J  and Chen, S  and Finan, J  D  and Giacomelli, M  G  and Guilak, F  and Leong, K  W  and Wax, A , Label-free, high-throughput measurements of dynamic changes in cell nuclei using angle-resolved low coherence interferometry, Biophysical Journal, vol  94 no  12 (2008), pp  4948-4956 [abs]
Haider, M  and Cappello, J  and Ghandehari, H  and Leong, K  W , In vitro chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells in recombinant silk-elastinlike hydrogels, Pharmaceutical Research, vol  25 no  3 (2008), pp  692-699 [abs]
N  Bursac and Y  H  Loo and K  Leong and L  Tung, Novel anisotropic engineered cardiac tissues: Studies of electrical propagation, Biochemical And Biophysical Research Communications, vol  361 no  4 (October, 2007), pp  847 -- 853, ISSN 0006-291X [abs]
Chen, Beiyi and Dang, Jiyoung and Tan, Tuan Lin and Fang, Ning and Chen, Wei Ning and Leong, Kam W  and Chan, Vincent, Dynamics of smooth muscle cell deadhesion from thermosensitive hydroxybutyl chitosan, Biomaterials, vol  28 no  8 (2007), pp  1503 - 1514 [027] [abs]
Chen, B  and Dang, J  and Tan, T  L  and Fang, N  and Chen, W  N  and Leong, K  W  and Chan, V , Dynamics of smooth muscle cell deadhesion from thermosensitive hydroxybutyl chitosan, Biomaterials, vol  28 no  8 (2007), pp  1503-14 [abs]
Park, D  J  and Choi, J  H  and Leong, K  W  and Kwon, J  W  and Eun, H  S , Tissue-engineered bone formation with gene transfer and mesenchymal stem cells in a minimally invasive technique, Laryngoscope, vol  117 no  7 (2007), pp  1267-71 [abs]
Tsurushima, H  and Yuan, X  and Dillehay, L  E  and Leong, K  W , Radioresponsive tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosisinducing ligand (TRAIL) gene therapy for malignant brain tumors, Cancer Gene Therapy, vol  14 no  8 (2007), pp  706-716 [abs]
Chai, C  and Leong, K  W , Biomaterials approach to expand and direct differentiation of stem cells, Molecular Therapy, vol  15 no  3 (2007), pp  467-480 [abs]
Zhang, Y  and Chai, C  and Jiang, X  S  and Teoh, S  H  and Leong, K  W , Fibronectin immobilized by covalent conjugation or physical adsorption shows different bioactivity on aminated-PET, Materials Science & Engineering C-Biomimetic and Supramolecular Systems, vol  27 no  2 (2007), pp  213-219 [abs]
Song, R  J  and Liu, S  Q  and Leong, K  W , Effects of MIP-1 alpha, MIP-3 alpha, and MIP-3 beta on the induction of HIV Gag-specific immune response with DNA vaccines, Molecular Therapy, vol  15 no  5 (2007), pp  1007-1015 [abs]
Yim, E  K  F  and Liao, I  C  and Leong, K  W , Tissue compatibility of interfacial polyelectrolyte complexation fibrous scaffold: Evaluation of blood compatibility and biocompatibility, Tissue Engineering, vol  13 no  2 (2007), pp  423-433 [abs]
Sharma, B  and Williams, C  G  and Kim, T  K  and Sun, D  N  and Malik, A  and Khan, M  and Leong, K  and Elisseeff, J  H , Designing zonal organization into tissue-engineered cartilage, Tissue Engineering, vol  13 no  2 (2007), pp  405-414 [abs]
Chua, K  N  and Tang, Y  N  and Quek, C  H  and Ramakrishna, S  and Leong, K  W  and Mao, H  Q , A dual-functional fibrous scaffold enhances P450 activity of cultured primary rat hepatocytes, Acta Biomaterialia, vol  3 no  5 (2007), pp  643-650 [abs]
Chua, K  N  and Chai, C  and Lee, P  C  and Ramakrishna, S  and Leong, K  W  and Mao, H  Q , Functional nanofiber scaffolds with different spacers modulate adhesion and expansion of cryopreserved umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, Experimental Hematology, vol  35 no  5 (2007), pp  771-781 [abs]
Yim, E  K  F  and Pang, S  W  and Leong, K  W , Synthetic nanostructures inducing differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells into neuronal lineage, Experimental Cell Research, vol  313 no  9 (2007), pp  1820-1829 [abs]
Chew, S  Y  and Mi, R  F  and Hoke, A  and Leong, K  W , Aligned protein-polymer composite fibers enhance nerve regeneration: A potential tissue-engineering platform, Advanced Functional Materials, vol  17 no  8 (2007), pp  1288-1296 [abs]
Tsurushima, H  and Yuan, X  and Dillehay, L  E  and Leong, K  W , Radio-responsive gene therapy for malignant glioma cells without the radiosensitive promoter: Caspase-3 gene therapy combined with radiation, Cancer Letters, vol  246 no  1-2 (2007), pp  318-323 [abs]
Dang, J M  and Leong, K  W , Myogenic induction of aligned mesenchymal stem cell sheets by culture on thermally responsive electrospun nanofibers, Advanced Materials, vol  19 no  19 (2007), pp  2775-2779
Dai, H  and Jiang, X  and Tan, G  C  and Chen, Y  and Torbenson, M  and Leong, K  W  and Mao, H  Q , Chitosan-DNA nanoparticles delivered by intrabiliary infusion enhance liver-targeted gene delivery, International Journal of Nanomedicine, vol  1 no  4 (2006), pp  507-522 [abs]
Le Visage, C  and Kim, S  W  and Tateno, K  and Sieber, A  N  and Kostuik, J  P  and Leong, K  W , Interaction of human mesenchymal stem cells with disc cells - Changes in extracellular matrix biosynthesis, Spine, vol  31 no  18 (2006), pp  2036-2042
Ong, S  Y  and Dai, H  and Leong, K  W , Inducing hepatic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in pellet culture, Biomaterials, vol  27 no  22 (2006), pp  4087-4097
Bright, C  and Park, Y  S  and Sieber, A  N  and Kostuik, J  P  and Leong, K  W , In vivo evaluation of plasmid DNA encoding OP-1 protein for spine fusion, Spine, vol  31 no  19 (2006), pp  2163-2172
Yim, E  K  and Wan, A  C  and Le Visage, C  and Liao, I  C  and Leong, K  W , Proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell encapsulated in polyelectrolyte complexation fibrous scaffold, Biomaterials, vol  27 no  36 (2006), pp  6111-22 [abs]
Luong-Van, E  and Grondahl, L  and Chua, K  N  and Leong, K  W  and Nurcombe, V  and Cool, S  M , Controlled release of heparin from poly(epsilon-caprolactone) electrospun fibers, Biomaterials, vol  27 no  9 (2006), pp  2042-2050
Dang, J  M  and Leong, K  W , Natural polymers for gene delivery and tissue engineering, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, vol  58 no  4 (2006), pp  487-499
Li, J  and Li, X  and Ni, X  P  and Wang, X  and Li, H  Z  and Leong, K  W , Self-assembled supramolecular hydrogels formed by biodegradable PEO-PHB-PEO triblock copolymers and alpha-cyclodextrin for controlled drug delivery, Biomaterials, vol  27 no  22 (2006), pp  4132-4140
Yim, E  K  F  and Wen, J  and Leong, K  W , Enhanced extracellular matrix production and differentiation of human embryonic germ cell derivatives in biodegradable poly(epsilon-caprolactone-co-ethyl ethylene phosphate) scaffold, Acta Biomaterialia, vol  2 no  4 (2006), pp  365-376
Chew, S  Y  and Hufnagel, T  C  and Lim, C  T  and Leong, K  W , Mechanical properties of single electrospun drug-encapsulated nanofibres, Nanotechnology, vol  17 no  15 (2006), pp  3880-3891
Zhang, Y  and Chai, C  and Jiang, X  S  and Teoh, S  H  and Leong, K  W , Co-culture of umbilical cord blood CD34(+) cells with human mesenchymal stem cells, Tissue Engineering, vol  12 no  8
Context 3: They may have been naive, though  With their historical and federalist partners, the Islamic supreme council of Iraq in decline, the Kurds may be isolated in the new government – a government dominated by the nationalistic and centrist characteristics of the INM, the Sadrists and indeed State of Law Maliki may, therefore, turn out to be unable to grant concessions even if he wanted to and could use Osama Nujayfi, the new ultra-nationalist speaker of parliament and Kurdish foe, to absorb the Kurdish criticism and insulate himself from any attacks AP reports that Iraqi police sought out a 19-year-old woman because of rumors that she was working with al Qaida in Mesopotamia only to be greeted with the news that her father allegedly killed her and the father showed the police where he buried the woman       last month  The story begs for more than it offers  The most obvious observation is: what does it say that a woman's allegedly killed by her father and no one says a word for over a month? After that, it should probably be noted that there are many men in Iraq killing women who, no doubt, would love to also be able to pin the blame on al Qaida  In other violence, Reuters notes a house bombing in Haswa which claimed the life of Mohammed al-Karrafi, "his wife, two sons and a nephew" -- as well as injuring four more people, and a Samarra roadside bombing which claimed the lives of 2 police officers  DPA notes it was two homes bombed in Haswa and that the Samarra roadside bombing also injured four Iraqi soldiers  Jomana Karadsheh (CNN) reports, "Another policeman was wounded in Baghdad Friday night when a roadside bomb detonated by a police patrol, an Interior Ministry official told CNN "And we'll close with this from Peace Mom Cindy Sheehan's latest Al Jazeera column:The recent repeal of the US military policy of "Don't ask, don't tell" is far from being the human rights advancement some are touting it to be  I find it intellectually dishonest, in fact, illogical on any level to associate human rights with any military, let alone one that is currently dehumanising two populations as well as numerous other victims of it's clandestine "security" policies Placing this major contention aside, the enactment of the bill might be an institutional step forward in the fight for "equality"; however institutions rarely reflect reality Do we really think that the US congress vote to repeal the act and Obama signing the bill is going to stop the current systemic harassment of gays in the military?While I am a staunch advocate for equality of marriage and same-sex partnership, I cannot - as a peace activist - rejoice in the fact that now homosexuals can openly serve next to heterosexuals in one of the least socially responsible organisations that currently exists on earth: The US military It is an organisation tainted with a history of intolerance towards anyone who isn't a Caucasian male from the Mid-West  Even then I'm sure plenty fitting that description have faced the terror and torment enshrined into an institution that transforms the pride and enthusiasm of youth into a narrow zeal for dominating power relations And we'll close with this from Francis A  Boyle's "2011: Prospects for Humanity?" (Global Research):Historically, this latest eruption of American militarism at the start of the 21st Century is akin to that of America opening the 20th Century by means of the U S -instigated Spanish-American War in 1898  Then the Republican administration of President William McKinley stole their colonial empire from Spain in Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines; inflicted a near genocidal war against the Filipino people; while at the same time illegally annexing the Kingdom of Hawaii and subjecting the Native Hawaiian people (who call themselves the Kanaka Maoli) to near genocidal conditions  Additionally, McKinley's military and colonial expansion into the Pacific was also designed to secure America's economic exploitation of China pursuant to the euphemistic rubric of the "open door" policy  But over the next four decades America's aggressive presence, policies, and practices in the "Pacific" would ineluctably pave the way for Japan's attack at Pearl Harbor on Dec  7, 194l, and thus America's precipitation into the ongoing Second World War  Today a century later the serial imperial aggressions launched and menaced by the Republican Bush Jr  administration and now the Democratic Obama administration are threatening to set off World War III  By shamelessly exploiting the terrible tragedy of 11 September 2001, the Bush Jr  administration set forth to steal a hydrocarbon empire from the Muslim states and peoples living in Central Asia and the Persian Gulf under the bogus pretexts of (1) fighting a war against international terrorism; and/or (2) eliminating weapons of mass destruction; and/or (3) the promotion of democracy; and/or (4) self-styled "humanitarian intervention " Only this time the geopolitical stakes are infinitely greater than they were a century ago: control and domination of two-thirds of the world's hydrocarbon resources and thus the very fundament and energizer of the global economic system – oil and gas  The Bush Jr / Obama administrations have already targeted the remaining hydrocarbon reserves of Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia for further conquest or domination, together with the strategic choke-points at sea and on land required for their transportation  In this regard, the Bush Jr  administration announced the establishment of the U S  Pentagon's Africa Command (AFRICOM) in order to better control, dominate, and exploit both the natural resources and the variegated peoples of the continent of Africa, the very cradle of our human species  This current bout of U S  imperialism is what Hans Morgenthau denominated "unlimited imperialism" in his seminal work Politics Among Nations (4th ed  1968, at 52-53): The outstanding historic examples of unlimited imperialism are the expansionist policies of Alexander the Great, Rome, the Arabs in the seventh and eighth centuries, Napoleon I, and Hitler  They all have in common an urge toward expansion which knows no rational limits, feeds on its own successes and, if not stopped by a superior force, will go on to the confines of the political world  This urge will not be satisfied so long as there remains anywhere a possible object of domination--a politically organized group of men which by its very independence challenges the conqueror's lust for power  It is, as we shall see, exactly the lack of moderation, the aspiration to conquer all that lends itself to conquest, characteristic of unlimited imperialism, which in the past has been the undoing of the imperialistic policies of this kind…  On 10 November 1979 I visited with Hans Morgenthau at his home in Manhattan  It proved to be our last conversation before he died on 19 July 1980  Given his weakened physical but not mental condition and his serious heart problem, at the end of our necessarily abbreviated one-hour meeting I purposefully asked him what he thought about the future of international relations  iraqbbc newsgabriel gatehousethe new york timesjohn lelandhaaretzzvi bar'elthe jordan timestaylor luckthe associated pressjeff karoubthe los angeles timesraheem salmancnnjomana karadsheh
Terry thinks she's a man
Yesterday on NPR's Fresh Air the hour went to a male TV critic  It's always a man with Terry  Always  And somebody tell her that a snotty, snooty TV critic really doesn't make for good programming This is C I 's "Iraq snapshot:" Thursday, December 23, 2010  Chaos and violence continue, Iraqi women make clear their displeasure over the Cabinet make up, Daniel Ellsberg and Veterans for Peace get some recognition, and more  Last Thursday a protest held outside the White House  One of the organizers was Veterans for Peace and Pentagon Papers whistle blower Daniel Ellsberg participated and spoke  Juana Bordas (Washington Post) advocates for both of them to be named persons of the year: Veterans for Peace and Daniel Ellsberg should be this year's person of the year because of their courage and bravery to stand up for all of us who believe that "war is not the answer " Moreover in a time of economic recession, the war machine is bankrupting our country  As John Amidon, a Marine Corps veteran from Albany asked at the White House protest, "How is the war economy working for you?"While unemployment rates hover near 10 percent, there is no doubt that the U S  economy and quality of life is faltering  Worldwide we are 14th in education, 37th in the World Health Organization's ranking on medical systems, and 23rd in the U N  Environmental Sustainability Index on being most livable and greenest benefits  There is one place we take the undeniable world lead



ground_truth: Sustained viral gene delivery through core-shell fibers and Gene transfer to hemophilia A mice via oral delivery of FVIII-chitosan nanoparticles.

prompt_front: Now, answer the following question based on the text below, only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: What does the new Iraqi Body Count organization do?

Read the following text and answer briefly.

Context 3:  The US military spending accounts for a whopping 46 5 percent of world military spending--the next ten countries combined come in at only 20 7 percent  Linda Pershing (Truthout) reports, "Responding to a call from the leaders of Stop These Wars(1) - a new coalition of Veterans for Peace and other activists - participants came together in a large-scale performance of civil resistance  A group of veterans under the leadership of Veterans for Peace members Tarak Kauff, Will Covert and Elaine Brower, mother of a Marine who has served three tours of duty in Iraq, sponsored the event with the explicit purpose of putting their bodies on the line  Many participants were Vietnam War veterans; others ranged from Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans in their 20s and 30s to World War II vets in their 80s and older  They were predominately white; men outnumbered women by at least three to one  After a short rally in Lafayette Park, they formed a single-file procession, walking across Pennsylvania Avenue to the solemn beat of a drum  As they reached the police barricade (erected to prevent them from chaining themselves to the gate, a plan they announced on their web site), the activists stood shoulder to shoulder, their bodies forming a human link across the 'picture postcard' tableau in front of the White House " Maria Chutchian (Arlington Advocate) quotes, participant Nate Goldshlag (Vietnam veteran) stating, ""There was a silent, single file march around Lafayette Park to a drum beat  Then we went in front of the White House,  There were barricades set up in front of white house fence  So when we got there, we jumped over barricades and were able to get right next to the White House fence " Participant Linda LeTendre (Daily Gazette) reports: At the end of the rally, before the silent, solemn procession to the White House fence, in honor of those killed in Iraq and Afghan wars of lies and deceptions, the VFP played taps and folded an American flag that had been left behind at a recent funeral for the veteran of one of those wars  Two attendees in full dress uniform held and folded the flag  I had the image of all of the people who stood along the roads and bridges when the bodies of the two local men, Benjamin Osborn and David Miller, were returned to the Capital District  I thought if all of those people were here now or spoke out against war these two fine young men might still be with us I was blessed enough to be held in custody with one of those in uniform; a wonderful young man who had to move from his hometown in Georgia because no one understood why as a veteran he was against these wars  Even his family did not understand  (He remains in my prayers )Our plan was to attach ourselves to the White House fence until President Obama came out and talked to us or until we were arrested and dragged away  I don't have to tell you how it ended Mr  Ellsberg was one of 139 people arrested at that action  We've noted the protest in pretty much every snapshot since last Thursday  If something else comes out that's worth noting on the protest, we'll include it  We will not include people who don't have their facts and it's really sad when they link to, for example, Guardian articles and the links don't even back them up  It's real sad, for example, when they're trashing Hillary (big strong men that they are) and ripping her apart and yet Barack? "Obama's inaccurate statements"??? What the hell is that? You're inferring he lied, say so  Don't be such a little chicken s**t  It's especially embarrasing when you're grandstanding on 'truth ' Especially when you're the little s**t that clogged up the public e-mail account here in the summer of 2008 whining that you were holding Barack to a standard, then admitting that you weren't, then whining that if you did people would be mean to you  Oh, that's sooooooo sad  Someone might say something bad about you  The horror  You must suffer more than all the people in Iraq and Afghanistan combined  While the action took place in DC, actions also took place in other cities  We've already noted NYC's action this week, Doug Kaufmann (Party for Socialism & Liberation) reports on the Los Angeles action: Despite heavy rain, over 100 people gathered in Los Angeles on the corner of Hollywood and Highland to demand an end to the U S  wars on Afghanistan and Iraq  People came from as far as Riverside to protest, braving what Southern California media outlets have dubbed the "storm of the decade " The demonstration, initiated and led by the ANSWER Coalition, broke the routine of holiday shopping and garnered support from activists and even passers by, who joined in chanting "Money for jobs and education -- not for war and occupation!" and "Occupation is a crime -- Iraq, Afghanistan, Palestine!" Protesters held banners reading, "U S /NATO Out of Afghanistan!" and "Yes to jobs, housing and education -- no to war, racism and occupation!"Speakers at the demonstration included representatives of Korean Americans for Peace, ANSWER Coalition, KmB Pro-People Youth, Veterans for Peace, Party for Socialism and Liberation and National Lawyers Guild  Tuesday, Nouri al-Maliki managed to put away the political stalemate thanks to a lot of Scotch -- tape to hold the deal together and booze to keep your eyes so crossed you don't question how someone can claim to have formed a Cabinet when they've left over ten positions to be filled at a later date  One group speaking out is women  Bushra Juhi and Qassmi Abdul-Zahra (AP) report, "Iraq's female lawmakers are furious that only one member of the country's new Cabinet is a woman and are demanding better representation in a government that otherwise has been praised by the international community for bringing together the country's religious sects and political parties " As noted Tuesday, though represenation in Parliament is addressed in Iraq's Constitution, there is nothing to address women serving in the Cabinet  Aseel Kami (Reuters) notes one of the most damning aspects of Nouri's chosen men -- a man is heaing the Ministry of Women's Affairs  Iraqiya's spokesperson Maysoon Damluji states, "There are really good women who could do wel       they cannot be neglected and marginalized " Al-Amal's Hanaa Edwar states, "They call it a national (power) sharing government  So where is the sharing? Do they want to take us back to the era of the harem? Do they want to take us back to the dark ages, when women were used only for pleasure " Deborah Amos (NPR's All Things Considered) reports that a struggle is going on between secular impulses and fundamentalist ones  Gallery owner Qasim Sabti states, "We know it's fighting between the religious foolish man and the civilization man  We know we are fighting like Gandhi, and this is a new language in Iraqi life  We have no guns  We do not believe in this kind of fighting " Deborah Amos is the author of Eclipse of the Sunnis: Power, Exile, and Upheaval in the Middle East  Meanwhile Nizar Latif (The National) reports that distrust is a common reaction to the new government in Baghdad and quotes high school teacher Hussein Abed Mohammad stating, "Promises were made that trustworthy, competent people would be ministers this time around, but it looks as if everything has just been divided out according to sectarian itnerests  No attention has been paid to forming a functioning government, it is just a political settlement of vested interests  I'm sure al Maliki will have the same problems in his next four years as he had in the last four years " Days away from the ten months mark, Nouri managed to finally end the stalemate  Some try to make sense of it and that must have been some office party that the editorial board of the Washington Post is still coming down from judging by "A good year in Iraq " First up, meet the new Iraqi Body Count -- an organization that provides cover for the war and allows supporters of the illegal war to point to it and insist/slur "Things aren't so bad!" Sure enough, the editorial board of the Post does just that noting the laughable "civilian deaths" count at iCasualities  As we noted -- long, long before we walked away from that crap ass website, they're not doing a civilian count 



ground_truth: It provides cover for the war and allows supporters of the illegal war to point to it.