prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Luther: The Calling is based on the BBC crime drama comprising six episodes that were run in which year?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Kiss of Death (TV drama)
Kiss of Death, previously titled Breathless and Blood Rush, is a British crime investigation television film, written by Barbara Machin, author of the British television crime drama series Waking the Dead, that aired on BBC on 26 May 2008 
The one-off drama, intended as a backdoor pilot for a possible series, was originally written as a two-part series but was re-written several times at the request of BBC executives  The original running time of 120 minutes was also shortened to 90, and the programme was finally broadcast in one instalment in May 2008  The drama was produced by BBC Northern Ireland and shot in Bristol  A DVD was released in Sweden in 2010, but as of 2016, has not been released in the UK  Viewing figures of 3 9 million did not prove strong enough for a full series to be commissioned 

Synopsis
A plot synopsis issued by the BBC in a press release read as follows: "In this drama, a killer has killed once and kidnapped another victim, challenging the investigative and forensic team to work out why  Suddenly everyone's past comes under scrutiny, everyone's version of the truth comes under suspicion  Kay Rousseau (Louise Lombard), who heads up the crime team, is back at work after the death of her child  Suspicion about her involvement in this death remains, not least in her own husband  Only Matt Costello (Danny Dyer), Kay's second-in-command and a dedicated, impassioned copper, is loyal to the core  Dr  George Austen (Lyndsey Marshal), the team's forensic scientist, worked on Kay's case and knows things Kay wished she didn't, and this isn't helped by her own fast increasing addiction to alcohol which puts her evidential work under unwelcome scrutiny 
Dr Clive Morrell (Shaun Parkes) is a profiler whose own mood swings and strange behaviour are causing concern within the team  Jude Whiley (Lenora Crichlow) is a rookie cop, who is young, fresh and has an energy and passion for the job that verges on obsession  Miles Trumeman (Ace Bhatti) plays Kay's husband Miles Trueman, who is a lawyer attached to the case  Brian McCardie plays killer Michael Bovery, a man obsessed with one of the team, and Jeffery Kissoon plays Commissioner Wilson, Rousseau's boss "

Cast
Louise Lombard as Superintendent Kay Rousseau
Danny Dyer as Detective Inspector Matt Costello
Lenora Crichlow as Detective Constable Jude Whiley
Lyndsey Marshal as Dr  George Austen, pathologist
Shaun Parkes as Dr  Clive Morrell, profiler
Ace Bhatti as Miles Trueman, lawyer
Caroline O'Hara as Jane, kidnap and rape victim
Neil McDermott as John, kidnap victim
Perry Benson as The Courier
Brian McCardie as Michael Bovery
Jeffery Kissoon as Commissioner Wilson

Notes
External links
Kiss of Death at BBC Online 
Kiss of Death at IMDb
Passage 2:
Sam &amp; Max Save the World
Sam & Max Save the World is a graphic adventure video game developed by Telltale Games  The game was originally released as Sam & Max: Season One before being renamed in early 2009  Save the World was developed in episodic fashion, comprising six episodes that were released for Microsoft Windows over the course of late 2006 and early 2007  The episodes were initially distributed online by GameTap and Telltale Games themselves, although the later retail releases of the game were published by The Adventure Company and JoWooD Productions in North America and Europe respectively  A Wii port of the game was published in late 2008, and an Xbox Live Arcade version was released in mid-2009  A remaster of the game by Skunkape Games was released in December 2020 for Nintendo Switch and Microsoft Windows, in August 2021 for Xbox One, and in September 2022 for PlayStation 4 Based on Steve Purcell's comic book series Sam & Max, the game follows the title characters Sam and Max—self-styled vigilante private investigators, the former an anthropomorphic dog and the latter a "hyperkinetic rabbity thing"—through several cases involving a hypnotism conspiracy  Each episode features one case with a contained story, with an underlying plot running through the series  The game was announced by Telltale Games in 2005 following the cancellation of Sam & Max: Freelance Police by LucasArts in the preceding year; many of the employees at Telltale Games were members of the Freelance Police development team 
The game received a positive response from critics, with praise bestowed on the game's humor, graphics and gameplay, but concerns were voiced over the low difficulty of the puzzles, repetition in design between episodes and the effectiveness of the story  Opinions dissented across the Atlantic; some British reviewers did not appreciate the writing in the way that American critics did  Nevertheless, the game has won several awards and is often cited by commentators as the first successful application of episodic distribution  The game was accompanied by a number of short machinima videos set between each episode  The game was followed by two episodic sequels: Sam & Max Beyond Time and Space in 2007 and Sam & Max: The Devil's Playhouse in 2010 

Gameplay
Sam & Max Save the World is a 3D graphic adventure game in which the player controls the character of Sam  The player has Sam explore the environments of the game and solve a series of puzzles using a simple point-and-click interface  The game's puzzles have logical solutions, although a number of them have far-fetched solutions due to the game's cartoon setting  Depending on the type of in-game entity a player selects using the cursor, the player can have Sam walk around an area, look at and comment on objects, pick up certain items or otherwise try to use them  Sam may also engage in conversation with non-player characters; when this occurs, the game presents a dialog tree with several subjects to pick from  Topics of conversation may directly involve the story or provide assistance with the game's puzzles, while others may be entirely unconnected  In some cases, the player may be able to choose dialog for Max to speak as well The game implements an inventory system to allow Sam to store any items that the player picks up during the course of the game  The player may select any of the items in the inventory and can then attempt to use them on objects in the game world or give them to other characters simply by clicking on the desired target  Unlike Save the World's predecessor, Sam & Max Hit the Road, inventory items are context specific, and cannot be used together or combined to create new items  Typically, Sam carries a gun that may be used to solve several puzzles The characters can travel between a variety of locations in the game using their black and white 1960 DeSoto Adventurer, which, when selected, will present the player with a list of available destinations  The DeSoto is also used for several driving sequences, usually involving pursuing or fleeing criminals in other vehicles  In these driving sequences, the player can use Sam's gun, the car's horn, or have Max attempt to communicate with other vehicles via a megaphone  In addition, special inventory items may be used to complete specific puzzles within these sequences  Driving sequences are also used for several minigames, such as pulling innocent drivers over for fabricated felonies  In keeping with the developer's heritage from the LucasArts adventure games, Sam & Max Save the World is designed so that the player characters cannot die or reach a complete dead-end 

Synopsis
Characters
Sam & Max Save the World is set in a universe that parodies American popular culture, and it follows the title characters of Sam and Max, the Freelance Police, a pair of vigilantes and private investigators  Sam is a level-headed but enthusiastic anthropomorphic dog who wears a blue suit and fedora  He is inquisitive, knowledgeable in obscure areas and tends to prefer the logical solution to problems, but he is not above using force  Max is described as a "hyperkinetic rabbity thing"; cunning, uninhibited and reveling in violence and mischief  His reactions to situations usually incorporate force but often with a seeming disregard for his own personal safety  Together, the Freelance Police operate out of a dilapidated office block in a dangerous neighborhood in New York City where they receive cases over the telephone from an unseen police commissioner There are several supporting characters that consistently appear throughout the episodes 
Bosco is the proprietor of the nearby convenience store and supplies the Freelance Police with a number of items across the game  Driven paranoid by repeated shoplifting, Bosco is obsessed with conspiracies, believing that nearly every US government agency, as well as many criminal outfits, are after him  As such, his store is overwhelmed with security devices and contraptions created by Bosco himself  He regularly attempts to disguise himself as a variety of foreign nationals, but to little effect Further down the neighborhood is Sybil Pandemik, who owns a small office across from Sam and Max  Sybil is unable to keep a consistent job and regularly changes her career choices  Introduced as a psychotherapist, she is noted to have worked as a tattoo artist, software tester, tabloid journalist and professional witness In a hole in Sam and Max's own office resides Jimmy Two-Teeth, a rat who works as a petty criminal, confidence trickster and fence  He profusely dislikes Sam and Max, who he sees as always interfering with his work Other characters include the Soda Poppers, a group of three former child stars from the 1970s  The three, each with their own trademark catch-phrase, first appear as victims of hypnosis in the first episode, later acting as the judges on a Pop Idol parody in the second episode  By the fourth episode, they are elected the governors of the Dakotas and plunge the region into civil war over ownership of Mount Rushmore  Also making sporadic appearances is Hugh Bliss, an eccentric magician and leader of the Prismatology cult, a parody of Scientology  He is often seen attempting to promote his self-help guides based on Prismatology  Sam finds Bliss irritating, while Max almost idolizes him  Minor characters include Agent Superball, a US Secret Service agent with a penchant for guarding doors; Chuckles, the pit manager in a mafia-run casino; Harry Moleman, a police mole who switches sides; and the Computer Obsolescence Prevention Society (COPS), a group of outdated computers attempting to find purpose in the technologically advanced world 

Plot
The game opens with Sam and Max, the Freelance Police, lounging in their office, awaiting a new case after a long hiatus  Eventually, the commissioner sends them out to investigate a group of former child stars, the Soda Poppers, who have been causing trouble in the neighborhood  The Soda Poppers are attempting to promote a self-help video called Eye-Bo, which (when watched) hypnotizes the viewer  After seeking assistance from Sybil to reverse the hypnotism on the Soda Poppers by knocking them unconscious, the Freelance Police learn that the scheme has been devised by one Brady Culture, another former child star who owes his fall from popularity to the rise of the Soda Poppers  Sam and Max and the Soda Poppers confront Culture, who hypnotizes the Soda Poppers again  However, Sam manages to fool Culture into ordering the Soda Poppers to attack himself, subduing the threat  The next case the Freelance Police get involves liberating a studio audience held hostage by a deranged TV talk show host, Myra Stump  At the TV station, Sam and Max deduce that Myra has been hypnotized and, after using other shows in the studio to become celebrities, they convince her to let them become guests on her show  Once on the show, Sam notes a strange toy bear on the host's desk, the source of the hypnotism  Using the studio sound system, Sam electrocutes both Myra and the bear, allowing the audience to leave 
The commissioner then tasks Sam and Max with infiltrating the Toy Mafia, a criminal organisation operating from a casino  The commissioner's mole in the organisation has gone quiet; he wants the Freelance Police to find out what happened to the mole  Sam and Max quickly discover that the Toy Mafia are responsible for the toy bear that hypnotised Myra  As they gain the Mafia's trust, they ascertain that the mole has switched sides and is now leading the outfit  After discovering that the casino is a front for a factory producing the hypnotizing bears for mass distribution, the Freelance Police sabotage the factory and destroy the operation  Soon after, the US President starts bringing in bizarre policies; Max is particularly concerned about the introduction of gun restrictions, while Sam believes the President has been hypnotized  At the White House, Max beheads the President, revealing him to be a mechanical puppet designed to hypnotize the nation through TV broadcasts  The President's bodyguard, none other than the now-fallen Toy Mafia's pit boss, activates a giant robot disguised as the statue at the Lincoln Memorial to run in an emergency election against Max  Sam discredits Lincoln's campaign, resulting in Max winning the presidential election  Lincoln begins a destructive rampage through Washington D C , but is neutralized when Max fires an intercontinental ballistic missile at him The next case given to Sam and Max involves dealing with a computer crisis that is causing the world economy to collapse  They discover the problem is a virtual reality program called Reality 2 0, powered by the Internet (which has gained sentience), which is hypnotizing people so they never want to leave the program  Sam and Max access the program themselves and introduce a computer virus that crashes Reality 2 0 and deletes the digital embodiment of the Internet  Prior to expiring, the Internet reveals that it was following the plans of one Roy G  Biv  Sam eventually deduces that Roy G  Biv is actually Hugh Bliss, a character seemingly in the background of all their previous cases  The Freelance Police travel to Bliss' Prismatology retreat on the Moon, where Bliss is preparing a device to hypnotize the entire planet  Bliss reveals himself as a colony of sentient bacteria that feeds off of the endorphins produced by human happiness; by hypnotizing the planet, Bliss assures himself of a permanent supply of nourishment  Bliss activates the device, but is killed when Sam tricks him into a tank of water and boils it using the rocket engine of a lunar lander  Returning to Earth, Max takes great pleasure in reversing the hypnotism by personally knocking everyone on the planet unconscious 

Episodes
Machinima
For the release of each episode, Telltale Games released three corresponding machinima shorts  These shorts are set between the episodes; fifteen were released in total  The first short, "Frank Discussion", released on November 30, 2006, has Sam and Max share a discussion regarding frankfurters and their preservative properties in Bosco's store  The short was followed on December 7 by "Trainspotting", in which Sam ponders the meaning of life while Max questions the sensibility of being outside, away from the comforts of their office  On December 12, Telltale released "A Painstaking Search": having misplaced the keys to their office, Sam and Max return to Brady Culture's hideout in an attempt to retrace their steps  The first short of 2007, "Reality Blights", was released on January 4 and sees Max volunteer the duo to appear on a reality television show, Four Freaks in a Terribly Cramped Office  "Egregious Philosophy Platter" was released seven days later on January 11 and features Sam and Max as host the hosts of television show Egregious Philosophy Platter, discussing the philosophers Socrates and Descartes  The final short relating to television shows, "Kitchen Consequential", was released on January 18 and follows Sam and Max hosting Fun in the Kitchen With Sam and Max where they showcase a few recipes of special effects "Interrogation" was released after the game's third episode on February 1, in which Sam and Max demonstrate how to properly interrogate a suspect  This was followed by "Coffee" on February 8; in the short, Sam and Max experiment with telekinesis on coffee cups  On February 15, "The Blank Blank Blank" was released, where Sam and Max discuss with Bosco a government agency so secret, the acronym is classified  Following episodes relate to Max's tenure as US president after "Abe Lincoln Must Die!"; "War Games", released on March 1, has Sam and Max engage in military activities from the White House's war room under the pretense that they are mere simulations  It was followed by "The Teapot Drone Scandal" on March 15, in which Max orders a Secret Service agent to recite "I'm a Little Teapot" over the telephone  "Saving the Economy" was released on March 22, showing a broadcast by Max outlining his plans to make the economy more efficient by irrationally extending daylight saving time  On April 5, "Artichoke" was released, in which Max holds a press conference where he is unwisely questioned about his gun control policies  The penultimate short, "Bosco", was released on April 12, and shows Max starting a negative campaign against Bosco for the presidential election, despite the fact that he is not running  "A Fireside Chat", the final episode, was released on April 19, depicting a broadcast by Max to the state of Idaho in the hopes of getting them to vote for him 

Development
Production
Sam & Max Save the World originates from Sam & Max: Freelance Police, a graphic adventure game that was developed by LucasArts from 2002 to 2004  Freelance Police was a sequel to the 1993 title Sam & Max Hit the Road  However, LucasArts ceased production on Freelance Police in March 2004  In the subsequent weeks, LucasArts underwent major restructuring; many of the developers who worked on past LucasArts adventure games were made redundant  Some of the former Freelance Police development team consequently formed Telltale Games in June 2004 to continue developing the sort of adventure games that LucasArts no longer wished to produce  Sam & Max creator Steve Purcell, who described himself as disappointed and frustrated with LucasArts' decision, took the Sam & Max franchise to Telltale after the LucasArts license expired in mid-2005  Telltale Games announced the new series of Sam & Max games in September 2005  Brendan Q  Ferguson, who worked on Freelance Police as a programmer, designer and writer; Dave Grossman, one of the project leaders on Maniac Mansion: Day of the Tentacle; and Purcell primarily led the development of the project Unlike Freelance Police, Save the World was developed in episodic form, with episodes being released in quick succession, to allow for reduced development time between titles and quicker delivery of content to consumers  Telltale launched a website for Sam & Max in November to accompany their new series  The following month, Purcell began publishing a Sam & Max webcomic entitled "The Big Sleep" on the site; the webcomic ran for twelve issues and concluded in April 2007  Purcell won an Eisner Award in 2007 for the webcomic  In March 2006, Telltale acquired US$825,000 in funding from a group of private investors, to help sustain growth until its next round of equity funding Telltale released the game's trailer for the Electronic Entertainment Expo in May 2006, showing the new voice actors for Sam and Max: David Nowlin and William Kasten respectively  However, Andrew Chaikin voiced Max in the first episode, but was unable to continue in the role due to health reasons  While at the convention, Telltale revealed that the first episode was forecast for release towards the end of 2006, via the distribution service GameTap  Telltale announced a release date of October 17 over GameTap in early September, with the note that each episode would be made available from Telltale themselves within fifteen days of release  Development on the first episode was completed on September 25, and from October 10, GameTap began hosting the Sam & Max animated series as promotional material for release  The first episode, "Culture Shock", was released on-time on October 17  The next five episodes were released over short intervals until the series finale in April 2007  The series debuted on Steam on June 15 the same year  Telltale began shipping a special collectors edition of the game in July, while the retail version of the game was published in August  January 2008 saw a significant update to the game, upgrading the game engine and ensuring compatibility with Windows Vista Three months later, Telltale announced a Wii version of the game  Telltale reported that an email campaign and Internet rumors of a port had stirred up interest within the company for producing a Wii version  They redesigned the game's point-and-click interface to accommodate the Wii Remote, the primary controller for the console  The game was initially forecast for release in North America on October 7, 2008, but was released a week later on October 14  The European version was published later in December In February 2009, Telltale Games renamed the game from its initial release title of Sam & Max: Season One to Sam & Max Save the World  Telltale's public relations spokeswoman, Emily Morganti, explained that while Season One was thought to communicate the game's episodic nature to potential consumers, the company felt that it was nondescript in relation to the game's story  The message accompanied the announcement of an Xbox Live Arcade version of the game, which had been subject to media speculation since February 2007  Both Windows and Wii versions of the game were republished using the new title 

Design
According to Dave Grossman, the objective for Telltale Games with Sam & Max Save the World was to create a game with a "lot of story and character in it"  Grossman explained that the Sam & Max franchise was therefore most ideally suited to the graphic adventure genre; while action was thought to be possible with the source material, it "would be kind of wrong"  Still, designers decided to introduce action moments such as car chase scenes, wanting players to "feel like [they] are these crazy Freelance Police officers" and "just be involved in all this sort of mayhem" presented in the original comic strips   Like in previous Sam & Max games, Sam & Max Save the World used a point-and-click gameplay system, itself a variation of the control scheme used by Telltale in their preceding adventure game series, Bone; the action sequences implemented in the game still maintained the point-and-click interface Very little of the design from Freelance Police was carried over into Save the World; LucasArts still held onto the assets created for use in Freelance Police, and Telltale was wary of using similar design patterns  While Ferguson and Purcell had both been involved with the canceled LucasArts project, Grossman had not  The team decided to just start from fresh, and pursue a different treatment of the game's subject  Purcell himself wanted to ensure that the game conveyed the "gritty" feel of the original comics—something he felt was lacking from the LucasArts renditions of the franchise  Grossman stated that "we wanted to get a little bit more of that dirt on the streets, and the paper cups and people being mean and nasty"  This "gritty" feeling also influenced artistic design  For instance, on Purcell's suggestion, the sky was changed from blue to yellow in the street outside Sam and Max's office, instantly making the environment feel "filthy and disgusting" 

Audio
Bay Area Sound, a company set up by Clint Bajakian, who had worked extensively on composition and sound production on LucasArts games since 1994, produced the soundtrack  The Save the World soundtrack was composed by Jared Emerson-Johnson, Bajakian's former protégé, whose previous work included composition and sound editing for LucasArts  Emerson-Johnson's scores used live performances as opposed to synthesized music often used elsewhere in the video games industry; a small team of five musicians, including Emerson-Johnson and a recording engineer, produced the soundtrack  The score is primarily grounded in film noir jazz, inspired by the work of Henry Mancini and Charles Mingus  However, Emerson-Johnson noted that as the Sam & Max universe is "open-ended", he had the chance to explore into other musical genres in some episodes, such as "a song-and-dance Charleston number, faux Philip Glass, an ode to Nina Rota's music from The Godfather, and even some inspired retro 8-bit game music"  Several songs were incorporated into the soundtrack, performed by Emerson-Johnson or Peter Barto, the voice actor for Agent Superball  Purcell later commented that Emerson-Johnson had seamlessly blended a "huge palette of genres and styles", while Ferguson stated that he believed that it was Emerson-Johnson's scores that created the vital atmosphere in the games, noting that prior to the implementation of the music, playing the games was an "unrelenting horror"  The soundtrack to Sam & Max Save the World was published in July 2007 

Reception
Sam & Max Save the World received positive critical reaction from reviewers  Aggregate review scores on GameRankings and Metacritic rank the fifth episode, "Reality 2 0", as the critical favorite, while the third episode, "The Mole, the Mob, and the Meatball" received the lowest scores  The entire season holds a score of 88 percent on GameRankings  In addition to receiving several editor choice awards, the game has been recipient to publisher awards for the best adventure game of 2006  As Telltale Games had managed to release a steady stream content with only small time gaps, journalists in the video game industry had considered Sam & Max Save the World to be the first successful application of episodic gaming  Previous unsuccessful implementations of the distribution model included attempts by Valve with the Half-Life series, Ritual Entertainment with SiN Episodes and Telltale themselves with Bone The debut episode, "Culture Shock", was recipient to a mostly optimistic response from critics  The episode was thought to adequately follow 1993's Sam & Max Hit the Road, with the introduction of the new 3D engine and gameplay being positively received  Criticisms of "Culture Shock" focused on the story; while the humor in the writing was praised, the plot was seen as a "thin excuse for the jokes" and the episode's primary antagonist was described by IGN's Steve Butts as "a bit of a letdown"  The second episode, "Situation: Comedy", was thought to produce a better antagonist than "Culture Shock", with the puzzles linking in well to the story  However, critics described the puzzles as too easy, and expressed disappointment at the reuse of lines from the first episode  The next episode, "The Mole, the Mob, and the Meatball", was the lowest rated episode amongst reviewers  Although the episode received compliments for its dialogue and humor, it was criticised for its easy puzzles and short length The fourth episode, "Abe Lincoln Must Die!", was held by critics to be one of the series' best episodes  The episode's story of political satire was subject to praise, whilst the increased length was also appreciated  Puzzles were felt to be more difficult and satisfying to solve  Detractors of the episode, however, felt that the episode suffered from the need to constantly move between locations and from the reuse of old characters and locations  "Reality 2 0", the fifth episode, was the critical favorite of the series  The game's puzzles were cited as stronger than in "Abe Lincoln Must Die!", with a fitting tribute to text adventure games towards the end  However, the script was thought to be inferior to the preceding episode  The season finale "Bright Side of the Moon" received a more reserved response than the two previous episodes, with criticisms directed at the length of the game and the depth of character interaction  Nevertheless, reviewers felt that the episode had reasonable puzzle design and that it was a respectable end to the series Critics gave positive reviews towards the overall gameplay mechanics, although they often presented some reservations  Several reviews praised the simplicity of the game interface  Andre Thomas of GamePlasma described the game's learning curve as "incredibly simple" and the gameplay mechanics as logical extension of those from the adventure games of the 1990s, while GamingTrend reviewer Ron Burke praised Telltale's "intuitive" point-and-click system  Mark Smith of Game Chronicles, however, stated that the streamlined mechanics eliminated "a lot of the exploration and discovery we normally associate with these types of games"  Some reviews directed criticism towards puzzle design; according to Smith, the game is "certainly accessible to kids and younger teens", but the adult audience "will find these games way too easy"  Reviewing for Adventure Gamers, Evan Dickens felt that the puzzles took "a bit of thought and consideration, but never to a point of consternation", believing that the low difficulty was intended by Telltale to allow players to "proceed through the story with minimum frustration"  Hyper's Tim Henderson commends the game for being "highly accessible [and] almost as funny as the original", but criticises it for its episodic content being a "tease" In relation to the story and writing, critics felt that the overall plot was ineffectual  Al Giovetti of JustAdventure felt the plot was lacking, while Burke considered the episodic nature to be detrimental to maintaining plot cohesion between the episodes, a point with which Dickens agreed  Despite this, several reviewers thought that the individual episode stories and the presentation and development of the characters were good  Reviewers considered the writing for each episode as one of the best features of the game; they also praised the level of humor in the game, although Dickens felt that it was not until the fourth episode that the writing properly established itself  In addition, they directed some skepticism towards the reuse of scenes and characters, with critical opinion divided on the degree of success in this regard  A point of contention rose between British and American reviewers over the story and setting, exemplified in PC Gamer; whilst positive towards the first and fourth episodes, the British edition of the magazine felt this repetition was a severe failing of Save the World, and that the writing did not work well  In contrast, the American edition rated each episode highly, stating that the quality of the series was "excellent" Critics commended Sam & Max Save the World's graphics and art direction; Dickens commented that "the cartoonish, absurdist nature of Steve Purcell's characters is captured perfectly" within an "enthusiastically colorful world that is at its best the stranger it gets", while GameZone reviewer Anise Hollingshead praised Telltale for successfully upgrading the characters' graphics "without losing any of their cartoon appeal"  Kristen Reed, writing for Eurogamer, felt that the graphics reflected a "great degree of care and attention to everything from the locations to the standard of character modelling and animation"  They also praised the game for its sound, voice acting and music  In a review for The Entertainment Depot, Tim McGowan complimented Emerson-Johnson's soundtrack as "being quite excellent and listenable on its own", and IGN's Alex Van Zelfdendate described it as a "breath of fresh air"  In contrast, PC Gamer UK's Alec Meer felt that the opening theme tune was "so busy trying to hint at [the theme for Sam & Max Hit the Road] that it forgets to have a memorable melody of its own"  Nowlin and Kasten's voicework also received a positive response The Wii version of the game garnered a more reserved view from critics than the PC version; GameRankings and Metacritic gave aggregate review scores of 75 percent and 74 percent, respectively  For better or worse, reviewers felt that the game had not changed much from the PC version in terms of gameplay, story or overall content  While Sam & Max was thought to be a "perfect, naturally cartoony fit for the Wii", the critics noted a number of technical issues with the release  Several critics cited minor issues with using the imprecise Wii Remote for puzzles requiring accuracy, while observations were made that lines of dialogue could be cut short and that the frame rate could slow significantly, especially in action sequences 

Remastered
Sam & Max Save the World Remastered was developed by Skunkape Games, a studio founded by Telltale co-founder Dan Connors and made up of original development team members Jake Rodkin, Jonathan Sgro, and Randy Tudor; the studio is named in reference to General Skun-ka'pe, a character from Sam & Max: The Devil's Playhouse  Following the closure of Telltale Games in 2018, Skunkape acquired the rights to Sam & Max and retrieved the game's original assets and source code  While the team originally planned to simply update the existing games with a software patch to improve compatibility with newer PCs, the original material's age proved difficult to work with in many regards, leading to the decision to fully remaster Save the World instead  The team consulted with Purcell on the remaster, who contributed additional artwork  Several members of the original development team outside of Skunkape also contributed to the remastering effort, including locating original assets that could not be retrieved from Telltale's archives  The Remastered release runs on the most recent version of the Telltale Tool and features updated character models and lighting, controller support, and new music by original composer Jared Emerson-Johnson  Other changes made include updated cutscene cinematography and re-recorded dialogue for Bosco, with Ogie Banks replacing previous actor Joey Camen  Save the World Remastered was released on Nintendo Switch and Windows on December 2, 2020; on Xbox One on August 10, 2021; and on PlayStation 4 on September 29, 2022  The original Save the World episodes were later released as free downloadable content for the Steam version of Remastered in February 2021  Following Save the World, Skunkape began work on remasters for the other Telltale Sam & Max games, with Beyond Time and Space released in December 2021 and The Devil's Playhouse planned for 2023 

Notes
External links
Official website at the Wayback Machine (archived June 18, 2018)
Official website (Remastered)
Passage 3:
Luther: The Calling
Luther: The Calling by Neil Cross is a tie-in novel based on the BBC crime drama Luther  Two further Luther novels were anticipated, but have not appeared 

Summary
The novel introduces the character of Detective Chief Inspector (DCI) John Luther  The novel is a prequel to the television series and focuses on the traumatic case involving a child killer named Henry Madsen  The novel expands on and explains several elements of the TV series, such as the breakup of the Luthers' marriage, and the corruption of DCI Ian Reed  The final events in the book mirror those portrayed at the start of Series 1 of the television series, which aired 15 months prior to the novel's release 

Reception
Sue Turnbull of The Age describes the book as providing "some clever but uncomfortable reading"  She concludes by comparing the novel to the television series stating "What this book offers is bleaker, more confronting and, well, terrifying  Be prepared"  John O'Connell from The Guardian summarised the novel by stating "the key murders in The Calling are so repulsive and their perpetrator so plausible that at times I had to force myself to keep reading  But I'm glad I did " Rob Farquhar of the Carins Post commended Neil Cross on the creation of DCI John Luther describing Luther as a man "possessed of brilliance and by an animal ferocity that he keeps from all but the monsters he seeks out"  He concluded by stating fans of the "TV series will love this" In 2012, Luther: The Calling won the Ngaio Marsh Award for Best Crime Novel 

See also
Luther (TV series)
List of Luther characters
List of Luther episodes
Passage 4:
Warren Brown (actor)
Warren Martin Brown (born 11 May 1978) is an English actor, best known for his roles as Donny Maguire in Shameless and Andy Holt in Hollyoaks, DS Justin Ripley in the BBC crime drama Luther and as Sergeant Thomas "Mac" McAllister in the British-American action television series Strike Back, starting with Strike Back: Retribution 

Early life
Warren Brown was born in Warrington, England  He studied at the University of Salford 

Career
After appearing in two episodes of the television series Shameless, Warren played the evil Andy Holt in Channel 4's  Hollyoaks  Despite being 27 years old at the time, it was said his youthful good looks and diminutive height helped him win the role of the student 
Brown was nominated for a number of awards for his performance in the show including Best Villain, Most Spectacular Scene and Best Exit at the 2006 British Soap Awards  Brown's character Holt met his demise in February 2006 
Brown won a role in the short-lived ITV show Jane Hall in the summer of 2006  This was followed in March 2007 by his role as Tommo in ITV's Mobile  Also in 2007 he starred as Chris in one episode of Casualty  In September 2007 he starred in the second series of BBC Three's Grownups, playing barman Alex Salade and has played the part since  In the 2009 Comic Relief Special of Two Pints of Lager and a Packet of Crisps, which was a crossover between Grownups, Two Pints and Coming of Age, he played Alex again 
In 2008, Brown performed the voiceover for the film trailer of Gomez: A True Story, based on the life of boxer Michael Gomez and starring Emmerdale's Kelvin Fletcher  In October 2008, Brown played the role of Marky in E4's zombie drama Dead Set  In November 2008, he appeared in Casualty, but not playing the same character as he did in 2007  In 2009 Brown appeared in the three part BBC Iraq war drama Occupation, alongside James Nesbitt and Stephen Graham Brown has appeared in two episodes of The Bill playing Jake Clegg, who was a part of the operation of trafficking young girls illegally  These episodes were titled "The Forgotten Child" 
From May 2010, he appeared as the regular character of DS Justin Ripley in the BBC drama Luther, a role that he reprised in June 2011 in the second series of Luther  Brown left the series in 2013 
Brown appears in the deadmau5 music video for the song "I Remember", also starring Stephen Graham, Aston Kelly (Graham's brother), Greg Walsh and ex-Coronation Street actress Emma Edmondson  In October 2010, Brown appeared as Matt in the BBC drama Single Father  In February 2012, he played one of the main characters in the BBC drama series Inside Men  He appeared as a member of Bane's Mercenary Security in The Dark Knight Rises, the third instalment of Christopher Nolan's Batman trilogy 
First broadcast in August 2012, Brown starred as PC John-Paul Rocksavage in the four-part BBC police drama Good Cop 
From 2017, he plays Sergeant Thomas "Mac" McAllister in Retribution,  the British-American action television series, in the sixth series and second revamp of Strike Back opposite Daniel MacPherson   The eighth series finished filming and aired in February 2020 
Brown has appeared in many audio dramas for the company Big Finish Productions, the most notable of which including a recurring role in their UNIT series, a spin-off based around the military organisation that regularly appeared in Doctor Who, since 2016, and playing Keith Burrow in Big Finish's original eight-part thriller Transference  In 2020, Brown would make his debut appearance in the television series, in the episode "Praxeus", albeit as a different character, former police officer Jake Willys, who was looking for his husband 
In 2023, Brown featured as a main cast member in BBC One drama Ten Pound Poms  For his portrayal of Terry Roberts, he was awarded the Best Actor trophy in the Fiction portion of the Golden Nymph Awards at the Monte-Carlo Television Festival 

Boxing
Brown has competed at world-level in Muay Thai (Thai kickboxing) and is a two-time World Champion 

Filmography
Film
Television
Video games
Passage 5:
Pramface
Pramface is a British sitcom starring Scarlett Alice Johnson and Sean Michael Verey  Written by Chris Reddy, the first series, comprising six half-hour episodes, piloted on 23 February 2012  The second series, which was commissioned by the BBC before the first series had even aired, began transmission on 8 January 2013 with an hour-long special as the first episode  The remaining six episodes of the series were of the usual half-hour length  A third series was commissioned which began airing on 25 February 2014 with the double episode series finale, which aired on 25 March 2014, bringing the third series to a total of six half-hour episodes  It was confirmed in August 2014 that a fourth series will not be commissioned 

Plot
Best friends Jamie, Mike, and Beth finish their GCSE exams and head towards a sixth form party  Meanwhile, 18-year-old Laura, encouraged by her best friend Danielle, breaks her parents' curfew and heads to the same party; both Jamie and Laura are determined to have a good time  During the party they meet and drunkenly have sex  The next morning Jamie writes Laura a note with his phone number on it and leaves  Some few weeks later, Laura discovers that she is pregnant, and that Jamie is only 16  Life is about to begin, but not in the way either of them expected Series 1 follows the life of the two teenagers and their family and friends as they try to get to grips with the impending parenthood and the struggles of pregnancy  Series 2 follows the next stage, caring for the newly born baby, Emily, while Laura faces the difficulties associated with being a new mother  Series 3 follows Jamie encountering a new woman in his life and how that affects his relationship with the mother of his child 

Production
Filming
The show was filmed in and around Edinburgh, Scotland, with specific locations including amongst others The Grange suburb and the Corstorphine parish church 

Cast
Scarlett Alice Johnson as Laura Derbyshire
Sean Michael Verey as Jamie Prince
Dylan Edwards as Mike Fenton
Yasmin Paige as Beth Mitchell
Emer Kenny as Danielle Reeves
Ben Crompton as Keith Prince
Bronagh Gallagher as Sandra Prince
Angus Deayton as Alan Derbyshire
Anna Chancellor as Janet Derbyshire

Episodes
Series overview
Series 1 (2012)
Series 2 (2013)
Series 3 (2014)
International broadcast
Australia – Season 1 premiered in Australia on 3 January 2013 on ABC2 
 Netherlands – All three seasons have been picked up by Netflix in the Netherlands 
 United States – All three seasons of the show have been picked up by Hulu in the United States 

Online
In addition to episode preview clips and character information on the BBC website, the writer and stars wrote blog posts about making the show for the BBC TV Blog and BBC Three Blog  An official Facebook page was set up for fans although this has since been closed and one of the main characters, Mike Fenton, was given his own Twitter account where he commented in-character on the events of the episodes as well as other things going on in the real world at the time 
Passage 6:
Luther (TV series)
Luther is a British psychological crime thriller television series starring Idris Elba as DCI John Luther and Ruth Wilson as Alice Morgan, written by Neil Cross  The detective Luther must make cases against criminals while the murderer Morgan has a complicated relationship with him  The first series is composed of six episodes which ran in May and June 2010  A second series of four episodes aired on BBC One in June and July 2011, and a third was commissioned in 2012 composed of four episodes which aired in July 2013  A two-episode fourth series was broadcast in December 2015, and a fifth series of four episodes premiered on 1 January 2019  BBC Studios handled distribution for the TV series A feature film continuation, Luther: The Fallen Sun, was released in select cinemas on 24 February 2023, before its streaming release on 10 March 2023, by Netflix  Starring Elba, Andy Serkis and Cynthia Erivo, the film was written by Cross 
Elba has been awarded a Critics' Choice Television Award, Golden Globe Award, and Screen Actors Guild Award for his performance as John Luther  The series has also received eleven Primetime Emmy Award nominations in various categories, including four nominations of Elba for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or Movie 

Plot
John Luther is a Detective Chief Inspector (DCI) working for the Serious Crime Unit in series one, and the new "Serious and Serial" unit from series two  A dedicated police officer, Luther is obsessive, possessed, and sometimes violent  However, Luther has paid a heavy price for his dedication; he has never been able to prevent himself from being consumed by the darkness of the crimes with which he deals 
For Luther, the job always comes first  His dedication is a curse and a blessing, both for him and those close to him  In the very first episode of the series, he investigates brilliant psychopath and murderer Alice Morgan  Ultimately, he is unable to arrest her due to lack of evidence, but as the series progresses, she becomes both his nemesis and unlikely companion  As she pursues her infatuation with him, he gradually relents as he is able to glean insight from her about some of the cunning criminals he pursues  After Alice helps Luther avenge the death of his estranged wife Zoe, Luther aids her escape from a secure facility and she flees the country  In Alice's absence, Luther's life is dominated by his police work once again, culminating in the murder of his partner and protégé Justin Ripley in the third series  Alice reappears following Ripley's death, and finally convinces Luther to leave London with her 
When the fourth series begins, Luther is living a reclusive life on the English coast  After learning of Alice's apparent death in mysterious circumstances, he is persuaded to return to London and resume his role as a DCI  It ultimately transpires that Alice faked her own death after her life with Luther did not match their expectations  Two years later she returns to extort money from organised crime boss George Cornelius, who sabotaged her previous diamond exchange  Embroiled in her schemes again, Luther's relationship with Alice heads towards its destructive climax 

Cast and characters
Episodes
Series 1 (2010)
The first series of Luther aired in 2010 and received positive reviews from critics, getting an average of 5 9 million viewers per episode 

Series 2 (2011)
In August 2010, the BBC announced that it had commissioned a second series for 2011  Filming started in late September/early October 2010  Originally planned to be broadcast as two two-hour episodes, it was shown as four one-hour episodes  The first episode was shown on BBC One on 14 June 2011 

Series 3 (2013)
In August 2011, the BBC One controller announced that a third series had been commissioned Filming of the four-episode series started in November 2012  Sienna Guillory was cast as Luther's new love interest  Other guest stars included Lucian Msamati and Ned Dennehy  The third series began airing on 2 July 2013 and concluded on 23 July 

Series 4 (2015)
On 19 November 2014, it was announced that a two-episode special would be aired on the BBC in 2015  Filming began in March 2015 and ended April 2015  BBC Home Entertainment later confirmed that the Region 1 version of the Series 4 DVD would be released on 15 December 2015, coinciding with the air date of the fourth series  On 24 October 2015, BBC One confirmed via their Facebook page that series 4 of Luther would air in December 2015 on BBC One In November 2015, it was announced that Luther was confirmed to air in the United States on BBC America for a three-hour one-night event on 17 December 2015 The first episode of the fourth series aired on BBC One on 15 December 2015 

Series 5 (2019)
The BBC announced a fifth series composed of four episodes on 12 June 2017  Filming started in early 2018  Ruth Wilson was confirmed to be returning as Alice Morgan for series five  Series 5 directed by Jamie Payne premiered on 1 January 2019, and was broadcast over consecutive nights through to 4 January 

Film (2023)
In September 2021, Netflix announced a feature film continuation of Luther with Elba reprising his role and Cross writing  Andy Serkis and Cynthia Erivo also joined the cast  The film, Luther: The Fallen Sun, was released in select cinemas on 24 February 2023, before its streaming release on 10 March 2023, by Netflix 

Production
Creator Neil Cross has said that Luther is influenced by both Sherlock Holmes and Columbo; the nature of Luther's intellect and its application to solving crimes is comparable to Holmes's, whereas the show's use of the inverted detective format was inspired by Columbo The first series was filmed in and around London, England, and produced by BBC Drama Productions  Brian Kirk, Sam Miller and Stefan Schwartz each directed two episodes and show creator Neil Cross wrote all six of the episodes  Leila Kirkpatrick was the line producer for the entire program and Katie Swinden was the producer for a number of episodes  Tim Fleming provided cinematography for two episodes  Katie Weiland and Victoria Boydell were involved in film editing, with Weiland editing two episodes  Andy Morgan was responsible for all casting, Paul Cross provided production design and Adam A  Makin was behind the show's art direction The show is filmed in various locations around Central, North, West and East London including the Barbican Estate, Elephant and Castle, Westfield Shopping Centre (Shepherd's Bush), Renaissance Hotel (Heathrow Airport), Ealing Hospital, Cranbrook Estate (Bethnal Green), Victoria Park, Waterloo station, Holloway, Shoreditch and the Docklands 

Critical reception
Series one was met with positive reviews, according to aggregate review site Rotten Tomatoes, where it holds a 91% approval rating, based on 23 reviews  The site's consensus reads: "Gritty and ambiguous, Luther is a captivating drama bolstered by a powerhouse performance from Idris Elba in the title role " It holds a Metacritic score of 82 out of 100, based on 11 collected reviews, indicating "universal acclaim"  However, The Guardian's Stuart Heritage was initially critical of the show, and compared it to the American series FlashForward, in that both series arrived with a large amount of hype but delivered an anticlimactic end product  However, by the fifth episode, Heritage had changed his views and called it Idris Elba's best work since The Wire The show's second series was met with equally positive reviews and holds a 100% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 13 reviews  The site's consensus reads: "Luther delves into darker territory in its second series, and Idris Elba's outstanding performance makes this a police procedural of uncommon weight and heft " It holds a Metacritic score of 78 out of 100, based on 9 collected reviews, indicating "Generally favorable reviews " Variety and The Hollywood Reporter admiringly highlighted the darker tone, Elba's performance, and the production  In the third quarter of 2011, the top-rated shows on BBC America were Doctor Who, Top Gear, and Luther, which together gained the network its highest quarterly ratings ever Series three was again met with positive reviews and holds an 88% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 25 reviews  The site's consensus reads: "Idris Elba shines in the title role of Luther despite familiar circumstances that benefit from the shortened season " It holds a Metacritic score of 76 out of 100, based on 19 collected reviews, indicating "Generally favorable reviews" Series four received positive reviews, with a 79% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 14 reviews  The site's consensus reads: "Idris Elba remains the best thing about Luther in an all-too-brief season which packs a lot of plot into a short time frame " It holds a Metacritic score of 68 out of 100, based on 11 reviews, indicating "Generally favorable reviews" After a four-year hiatus, the Series five broadcast in 2019 met with positive reviews, garnering an 85% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 40 reviews  The site's consensus reads: "Luther returns in fine form from its extended exodus with a grisly mystery and the welcome reappearance of Ruth Wilson's psychotic villain, Alice Morgan "

Broadcast outside of the United Kingdom
The first series of the show premiered in Australia on ABC1 on 15 October 2010 and in the United States on BBC America two days later  The second series debuted in the United States on BBC America on 29 September 2011 and Australia on ABC1 on 24 February 2012  The third series ran in the United States on BBC America on four consecutive nights beginning 3 September 2013  The fifth series premiered in the United States on BBC America on 2 June 2019 
The deal also includes the network to show the first six seasons of another series produced by the BBC, Death in Paradise, airing on Thursdays at 7 pm and airing on Fridays at 8 am ET part of the "Morning Mysteries" morning mystery crime drama block 

Soundtrack
Paul Englishby composed Luther's soundtrack  He incorporated many pop and rock songs into the soundtrack, using these generally in the end credits  A CD titled Luther – Songs and Score From Series 1, 2 and 3 was released on 19 August 2013 and contains many of the themes and songs used in the television series  The opening theme song is a shorter version of "Paradise Circus" by Massive Attack from the album Heligoland (2010) with vocals provided by Hope Sandoval 

Awards and nominations
Adaptations
American version
In 2014, Fox started developing an American TV series version of Luther, with Cross writing and executive producing the series, and Elba, Peter Chernin (of the Chernin company), Katherine Pope, and BBC Worldwide Prods' Jane Tranter and Julie Gardner as executive producers  The project was helmed by 20th Century Fox TV, Chernin Entertainment, and BBC Worldwide Prods  The project was formally dropped in 2017 

Russian version
In 2014, Channel One Russia was developing a Russian TV series version of Luther, with Konstantin Lavronenko, starring as Klim  The series was first broadcast on 31 January 2016 

Korean version
On 5 February 2018, South Korean TV network Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation (MBC) announced that it will broadcast a Korean version of Luther  The adaptation will be broadcast in November 2018 and is produced by the MBC Drama Production Group  In August 2018, Shin Ha-kyun was cast as male lead The series title was changed later into Less Than Evil (나쁜 형사, lit  "Bad Detective")  It aired on MBC on 3 December 2018 

Indian version
Indian actor Ajay Devgan announced that he'll be starring in the Indian adaptation of Luther, titled Rudra: The Edge Of Darkness  The first season of the series premiered on 4 March 2022 on Disney+ Hotstar 

French version
The French television channel TF1 has ordered a remake of the British television series which is filmed in the city of Paris and its suburbs  The first episode of the French version gained 4 8 million viewers 

Novel
In August 2011, Cross released a tie-in prequel novel Luther: The Calling following the broadcast of the second season  Two further novels were ordered, but were never released 
Passage 7:
Fear the Walking Dead (season 1)
The first season of Fear the Walking Dead, an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on August 23, 2015, and concluded on October 4, 2015, consisting of six episodes  The series is a companion series and prequel to The Walking Dead, which is based on the comic book series of the same name by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard  It was executive produced by Kirkman, David Alpert, Greg Nicotero, Gale Anne Hurd, and Dave Erickson, with Erickson assuming the role of showrunner  On March 9, 2015, AMC announced it had ordered Fear the Walking Dead to series, with a two-season commitment  The second season, comprising 15 episodes, premiered on April 10, 2016 The season follows a dysfunctional, blended family composed of Madison Clark (Kim Dickens), her fiancé Travis Manawa (Cliff Curtis), her daughter Alicia (Alycia Debnam-Carey), her drug-addicted son Nick (Frank Dillane) and Travis' son Chris (Lorenzo James Henrie) from a previous marriage to Liza Ortiz (Elizabeth Rodriguez)  At the onset of the zombie apocalypse, their group is joined by Daniel Salazar (Rubén Blades), his wife Griselda (Patricia Reyes Spíndola), and their daughter Ofelia (Mercedes Mason)  The families navigate through Los Angeles in search of a safe haven 

Production
Development
In September 2013, AMC announced they were developing a companion series to The Walking Dead, which follows a different set of characters created by Robert Kirkman  In September 2014, AMC ordered a pilot, which was written by Kirkman and Dave Erickson, and directed by Adam Davidson, and is executive produced by Kirkman, Erickson, Gale Anne Hurd, and David Alpert, with Erickson serving as showrunner  The project was originally known as Cobalt 

Casting
In December 2014, the first four starring roles were cast: Kim Dickens as Madison, the female lead; Cliff Curtis as Travis Manawa, the male lead; Frank Dillane as Nick; and Alycia Debnam-Carey as Alicia  In April and May, 2015, Elizabeth Rodriguez and Mercedes Mason were announced as series regulars, both in unknown roles 

Filming
Production of the pilot episode began in early 2015 and ended on February 6, 2015  The pilot episode was filmed in Los Angeles; the remaining first-season episodes were filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada  Production on the remaining five first-season episodes began on May 11, 2015  Adam Davidson, who directed the pilot, also directed the series' second and third episodes 

Cast
Main cast
The first season features eight actors receiving main cast billing status:

Kim Dickens as Madison Clark: An intelligent and domineering high school guidance counselor, the mother of Nick and Alicia, and Travis' fiancée 
Cliff Curtis as Travis Manawa: A resolute and peacekeeping high school teacher, Madison's fiancé, Chris' father, and Liza's ex-husband 
Frank Dillane as Nick Clark: A brave and selfless recovering heroin addict, Madison's son, and Alicia's brother 
Alycia Debnam-Carey as Alicia Clark: The fiery yet compassionate daughter of Madison, and the sister of Nick 
Elizabeth Rodriguez as Liza Ortiz: A no-nonsense and caring nursing student, Travis' ex-wife, and Chris' mother 
Mercedes Mason as Ofelia Salazar: The strong-willed and very capable daughter of Daniel and his wife Griselda 
Lorenzo James Henrie as Chris Manawa: Travis and Liza's rebellious teenage son, who becomes more brutal due to the landscape of the deadly new world 
Rubén Blades as Daniel Salazar: A courageous and practical former Sombra Negra member, a barber, Griselda's husband, and Ofelia's father 

Supporting cast
Patricia Reyes Spíndola as Griselda Salazar: Ofelia's mother, who emigrated from El Salvador with her husband Daniel to escape political unrest 
Scott Lawrence as Art "Artie" Costa: The principal at the high school where Madison and Travis work 
Lincoln A  Castellanos as Tobias: A wise-beyond-his-years high school senior 
Maestro Harrell as Matt Sale: Alicia's boyfriend 
Shawn Hatosy as Cpl  Andrew Adams: A well-intentioned military man with a soulful disposition, who is out of his element 
Jamie McShane as Lt  Moyers: The leader of the National Guard contingent in charge of protecting Madison's neighborhood  He does not take the complaints of the citizens too seriously and is a loose cannon 
Sandrine Holt as Dr  Bethany Exner: A confident and skilled doctor 
Colman Domingo as Victor Strand: A smart and sophisticated businessman with a mysterious past 

Guest cast
Keith Powers as Calvin: Nick's best friend and drug dealer 
Leon Thomas III as Russell: One of Travis' students before the outbreak 

Episodes
Reception
Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes, the season has a rating of 76%, based on 63 reviews, whose average rating is 6 75/10  The site's critical consensus reads, "Fear the Walking Dead recycles elements of its predecessor, but it's still moody and engrossing enough to compete with the original " On Metacritic, the season has a score of 66 out of 100, based on 33 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews" Elisabeth Vincentelli of the New York Post rated the first two episodes three out of four stars, stating that "[They] are creepily suspenseful–they're great examples of how effective a slow pace and a moody atmosphere can be " Another positive review of the first episode came from Ken Tucker of Yahoo TV, who wrote, "Fear the Walking Dead is a mood piece, more artful than the original series" and that the cast is "terrific"  Tim Goodman of The Hollywood Reporter gave an average review, writing, "The 90-minute first episode and the hour-long second episode are, while not actually boring, certainly less magnetic than the original "One of the harshest negative reviews came from HitFix, on Daniel Fienberg and Alan Sepinwall's podcast, where Fienberg called the premiere episode "awful, just horrible     as bad as The Walking Dead has ever gotten at its very worst  This is that bad  I've been kind of stunned to see people being generous to it      I thought this was almost unwatchably bad " Sepinwall called his B− review "slightly generous" 

Ratings
The U S  series premiere attracted 10 1 million total viewers, with 6 3 million in the advertiser-coveted 18-to-49-year-old demographic, both cable television records for a series premiere  Numerous international debuts of the pilot also set ratings records  The first season averaged 11 2 million viewers in "live plus-3" ratings (includes VOD and DVR viewing within three days after initial telecast) to become the highest-rated first season of any series in cable history 

Home media
The first season was released on Blu-ray and DVD on December 1, 2015  A special edition version of the first season was released on Blu-ray and DVD on March 22, 2016, with new bonus features, including deleted scenes, seven featurettes, and audio commentaries by cast and crew, on all six episodes 
Passage 8:
NCS: Manhunt
NCS: Manhunt is a British television crime drama series, starring David Suchet, and based on the National Crime Squad  Created by Malcolm McKay, the series premiered with a two-part pilot episode on BBC One on 26 March 2001  A full series of six episodes debuted on 4 March 2002, and concluded on 19 March 2002  Despite the series' popularity, and strong viewing figures, a second series was never commissioned  Notably, neither the pilot nor the complete series have ever been issued on DVD, although the series was repeated in its entirety on Forces TV in 2016  The series notably starred Michael Fassbender in one of his earliest television roles, after appearing in Band of Brothers the previous year  Kenneth Cranham and Phyllis Logan also co-starred in the pilot episode David Suchet said of his role in the series, "I don't ever recollect reading a script like this and I've certainly never seen anything like it on television before  When I read it, I was mesmerised  It was quite impossible to say no  Borne is probably the most complex character in the team  He is a man who fascinates by being endlessly enigmatic  He uses language sparingly, but with him everything is going on underneath the surface  And in a sense, I'm not playing another detective at all  I'm merely playing a different, complex human being who just happens to be a detective  You may find him in a police station, but I'd like to think that the audience are aching to see him too "

Cast
Regular cast
David Suchet as Detective Inspector John Borne
Keith Barron as Detective Superintendent Bob Beausoleil
Samantha Bond as Detective Sergeant Maureen Picasso
Melanie Hill as Detective Sergeant Ruby Sparks
Jonathan Phillips as Detective Sergeant Peter Moon
Gerard Horan as Detective Constable Charlie Spanish
Sara Stewart as Detective Constable Mary D'Eye
Jenny Jules as Detective Constable Karen Bogard-Black
Ace Bhatti as Detective Constable Johnny Khan
Paul McKay as Detective Constable Chrissie Crowe
Guy Scantlebury as Detective Constable Eddie Guerin (Pilot and episodes 1 and 2)
Michael Fassbender as Detective Constable Jack Silver (Episodes 3–6)

Supporting cast
Malcolm Tierney as Superintendent Charlie Vanne (Pilot)
Phyllis Logan as Inspector Anne Warwick (Pilot)
Kenneth Cranham as Ricky Valesi (Pilot)
Steven Berkoff as George Rolf (Episodes 1 and 2)
Anita Dobson as Jean Harris (Episodes 1 and 2)
Zawe Ashton as Mia Davis (Episodes 1 and 2)
Ralph Brown as Ray Du Barriatte (Episodes 1, 2 and 6)
Daniel Mays as Danny Bird (Episodes 1 and 2)
Nicky Henson as Vincent Fairey (Episodes 3 and 4)
Michael McKell as Lee Wilde (Episodes 3 and 4)
Steve Speirs as Benny Luck (Episode 6)

Episodes
Pilot (2001)
Series (2002)
Passage 9:
The Frankenstein Chronicles
The Frankenstein Chronicles is a British television period crime drama series that first aired on ITV Encore on 11 November 2015, designed as a re-imagining of Mary Shelley's 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus  Lead actor Sean Bean also acted as an associate producer on the first series  It follows Inspector John Marlott (Bean), a river police officer who uncovers a corpse made up of body parts from eight missing children and sets about to determine who is responsible 
The series co-stars Richie Campbell as Joseph Nightingale, Robbie Gee as Billy Oates, Tom Ward as Home Secretary Sir Robert Peel, Ed Stoppard as Lord Daniel Hervey, Vanessa Kirby as Lady Jemima (Lord Hervey's sister), and Anna Maxwell Martin as author Mary Shelley  Other historical characters portrayed include William Blake (first series), Ada Lovelace (second series) and Charles Dickens under his pseudonym of ‘Boz’  The first series consists of six episodes which opened to critical acclaim and drew an average 250,000 viewers per episode 
A&E subsequently acquired the series for broadcast in the United States, describing it as "thrilling and terrifying"  On 20 June 2016, ITV announced that it had renewed it for a second six-part series, with production set for January 2017  Filming commenced in March 2017, with Laurence Fox and Maeve Dermody joining the cast  The writing team for the second series consisted of Michael Robert Johnson, Paul Tomalin, Noel Farragher, Colin Carberry, and Glenn Patterson, with all six episodes directed by Alex Gabassi  In December 2017, it was announced that Netflix had struck a deal to carry the programme in the United States and other territories but was removed in February 2022 

Cast
Sean Bean – Inspector John Marlott, a Thames River Police officer, who has early secondary stage syphilis 
Tom Ward – Sir Robert Peel, the Home Secretary
Richie Campbell – Joseph Nightingale, a Bow Street Runner
Ed Stoppard – Lord Daniel Hervey, an impoverished nobleman and proprietor of a private charity hospital
Vanessa Kirby – Lady Jemima Hervey, an impoverished noblewoman, sister to Lord Hervey
Ryan Sampson – Boz, a journalist from The Morning Chronicle
Robbie Gee – Billy Oates, a hardened street-smart criminal
Anna Maxwell Martin – Mary Shelley, author of Frankenstein (series 1)
Richard Clements - Percy Bysshe Shelley, poet and husband of Mary Shelley (series 1)
Charlie Creed-Miles – Tom Pritty, a grave-robber working for the local surgeons (series 1)
Eloise Smyth – Flora, a homeless child taken by Billy Oates to work as a prostitute (series 1)
Samuel West – Sir William Chester, a renowned surgeon and pioneer of galvanism (series 1)
Mark Bazeley – Garnet Chester, Sir William's cousin, also a surgeon (series 1)
Elliot Cowan – Sir Bentley Warburton, Sir Robert Peel's political rival (series 1)
Kate Dickie – Mrs  Bishop, the matron of a gang of murderers (series 1)
Steven Berkoff – William Blake, author, artist and printmaker (series 1)
Deirdre Mullins – Agnes Marlott, John Marlott's deceased wife (series 1)
Laurence Fox – Frederick Dipple, a socialite with an interest in automata (series 2)
Maeve Dermody – Esther Rose, a Jewish seamstress contracted by Mr  Dipple to provide clothing for his mechanical creations (series 2)
Victoria Emslie – Automaton, one of Mr  Dipple's mechanical creations (series 2)
Lily Lesser – Ada Byron, a brilliant female mathematician, assisting Mr  Dipple in creating his automata (series 2)
Kerrie Hayes – Queenie Pickett, Dipple's housemaid and Nightingale's childhood friend (series 2)

Production
The Frankenstein Chronicles was filmed in Northern Ireland in 2015 

Episodes
Series 1 (2015)
Series 2 (2017)
Reception
On Rotten Tomatoes season 1 has an approval rating of 80% based on reviews from 10 critics Euan Ferguson at The Guardian concluded "It's genuinely rather good, and a beast of wholly different hide to Jekyll"  Carl Wilson at The Globe and Mail wrote: "On balance, the season ended just as brilliantly grim as it started " Ben Travers at IndieWire said: "While it's unlikely to be remembered for as long as it took to make, Frankenstein certainly earned its shot at a long life on Netflix "
Passage 10:
List of Happy Valley episodes
Happy Valley is a British crime drama television series created by Sally Wainwright and produced by Red Production Company  The first series of six episodes started airing on BBC One in the United Kingdom on 29 April 2014   It was released on Netflix in the United States and Canada on 20 August 2014  A second six-episode series began airing on BBC One on 9 February 2016 and was made available on Netflix in the US later that year 
The BBC announced Series 3 on 26 October 2021 with filming scheduled to begin in 2022  Series 3 started airing on BBC One on 1 January 2023 

Series overview
Episodes
Series 1 (2014)
Series 2 (2016)
Series 3 (2023)
Ratings
Context 2: Passage 1:
Joy S  Burns
Joy S  Burns was the president and CEO of the D C  Burns Realty and Trust Company and the owner of the Burnsley Hotel  She was involved in the Denver, Colorado, community and served on a number of boards, including the Denver Metro Convention and Visitor's Bureau; Sportswomen of Colorado, Inc ; the Denver Center for the Performing Arts; and the Metropolitan Football Stadium District  Burns was also a founder of the Colorado Women's Foundation and of the Colorado Business Bank  She was inducted into the Colorado Business Hall of Fame in 1998, the Colorado Tourism and Travel Hall of Fame in 1999, and the Colorado Women's Hall of Fame in 2000 
Burns' work with the University of Denver started in 1972 when she began volunteering with the Women's Library Association  In 1981, she joined the board of trustees  Nine years later she became chairman of the board, becoming the first woman to hold the post  She has been a trustee for 30 years and supported the Joy Burns Arena at the Ritchie Center and the Joy Burns Plaza in the Newman Center for the Performing Arts  In addition, she supports the Franklin L  Burns School of Real Estate and Construction Management, named after her late husband  Burns was inducted into the University of Denver Athletic Hall of Fame in 1997  She was also the recipient of the 2005 DU Josef Korbel Humanitarian Award and the 2008 award for Distinguished Service to the university 
Burns died in 2020 at age 92 
Passage 2:
Denver Broncos
The Denver Broncos are a professional American football franchise based in Denver, Colorado  The Broncos compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) West division  The team is headquartered in Dove Valley, Colorado 
The team began play in 1960 as a charter member of the American Football League (AFL) and joined the NFL as part of the merger in 1970  The Broncos are currently owned by the Walton-Penner group, and play their home games at Empower Field at Mile High; Denver previously played its home games at Mile High Stadium from its inception in 1960 through the 2000 season 
The Broncos were barely competitive during their 10-year run in the AFL and their first seven years in the NFL  They did not have a winning season until 1973 and qualified for their first playoffs in 1977, eventually advancing to Super Bowl XII that season  Since 1975, the Broncos have become one of the NFL's most successful teams, having suffered only eleven losing seasons  They have won eight AFC Championships (1977, 1986, 1987, 1989, 1997, 1998, 2013, 2015), and three Super Bowl championships (1997 (XXXII), 1998 (XXXIII), 2015 (50), and share the NFL record for most Super Bowl losses (5 — tied with the New England Patriots)  The Broncos have eight primary members enshrined in the Pro Football Hall of Fame: John Elway, Floyd Little, Shannon Sharpe, Gary Zimmerman, Terrell Davis, Champ Bailey, and Steve Atwater, along with late club owner Pat Bowlen 

Franchise history
Bob Howsman/Gerald Phipps era (1960–1980)
The Denver Broncos were founded on August 14, 1959, when minor league baseball owner Bob Howsam was awarded an American Football League (AFL) charter franchise  The Broncos won the first-ever AFL game over the Boston Patriots 13–10, on September 9, 1960  Seven years later on August 5, 1967, they became the first-ever AFL team to defeat an NFL team, with a 13–7 win over the Detroit Lions in a preseason game  However, the Broncos were not successful in the 1960s, winning more than five games only once (7–7, 1962), compiling a 39–97–4 ( 293) record during the ten seasons of the AFL Denver came close to losing its franchise in 1965, until a local ownership group took control, and rebuilt the team  The team's first superstar, "Franchise" Floyd Little, was instrumental in keeping the team in Denver, due to his signing in 1967 as well as his Pro Bowl efforts on and off the field  The Broncos were the only original AFL team that never played in the title game, as well as the only original AFL team never to have a winning season while a member of the AFL during the upstart league's 10-year history In 1972, the Broncos hired former Stanford University coach John Ralston as their head coach  In 1973, he was the UPI's AFC Coach of the Year, after Denver achieved its first winning season at 7–5–2  In five seasons with the Broncos, Ralston guided the team to three winning seasons  Though Ralston finished the 1976 season with a 9–5 record, the team, as was the case in Ralston's previous winning seasons, still missed the playoffs  Following the season, several prominent players publicly voiced their discontent with Ralston, which soon led to his resignation 

Red Miller, a long-time assistant coach, was hired and along with the Orange Crush Defense (a nickname originated in 1977, also the brand of the popular orange-flavored soft drink) and aging quarterback Craig Morton, took the Broncos to what was then a record-setting 12–2 regular-season record and their first playoff appearance in 1977, and ultimately made their first Super Bowl appearance in Super Bowl XII, in which they were defeated by the Dallas Cowboys (Morton's former team), 27–10 

Edgar Kaiser/Pat Bowlen era (1981–2018)
In 1981, Broncos' owner Gerald Phipps, who had purchased the team in May 1961 from the original owner Bob Howsam, sold the team to Canadian financier Edgar Kaiser Jr , grandson of shipbuilding industrialist Henry J  Kaiser  In 1984, the team was purchased by another Canadian, Pat Bowlen, who placed team ownership into a family trust sometime before 2004 and remained in day-to-day control until his battle with Alzheimer's disease forced him to cede the team to Joe Ellis in 2014 

Dan Reeves years (1981–1992)
Dan Reeves became the youngest head coach in the NFL when he joined the Broncos in 1981 as vice president and head coach  Quarterback John Elway, who played college football at Stanford, arrived in 1983 via a trade  Originally drafted by the Baltimore Colts as the first pick of the draft, Elway proclaimed that he would shun football in favor of baseball (he was drafted by the New York Yankees to play center field and was also a pitching prospect), unless he was traded to a selected list of other teams, which included the Broncos  Prior to Elway, the Broncos had over 24 different starting quarterbacks in its 23 seasons to that point 

Reeves and Elway guided the Broncos to six post-season appearances, five AFC West divisional titles, three AFC championships and three Super Bowl appearances (Super Bowl XXI, XXII and XXIV) during their 12-year span together  The Broncos lost Super Bowl XXI to the New York Giants, 39–20; Super Bowl XXII to the Washington Redskins, 42–10; and Super Bowl XXIV to the San Francisco 49ers, 55–10; the latter score remains the most lopsided scoring differential in Super Bowl history  The last year of the Reeves-Elway era were marked by feuding, due to Reeves taking on play-calling duties after ousting Elway's favorite offensive coordinator Mike Shanahan after the 1991 season, as well as Reeves drafting quarterback Tommy Maddox out of UCLA instead of going with a wide receiver to help Elway  Reeves was fired after the 1992 season and replaced by his protégé and friend Wade Phillips, who had been serving as the Broncos' defensive coordinator  Phillips was fired after a mediocre 1994 season, in which management felt he lost control of the team 

Mike Shanahan years (1995–2008)
In 1995, Mike Shanahan, who had formerly served under Reeves as the Broncos' offensive coordinator, returned as head coach  Shanahan drafted rookie running back Terrell Davis  In 1996, the Broncos were the top seed in the AFC with a 13–3 record, dominating most of the teams that year  The fifth-seeded Jacksonville Jaguars, however, upset the Broncos 30–27 in the divisional round of the playoffs, ending the Broncos' 1996 run 

Super Bowl XXXII champions (1997)
During the 1997 season, Elway and Davis helped guide the Broncos to their first Super Bowl victory, a 31–24 win over the defending champion Green Bay Packers in Super Bowl XXXII  Though Elway completed only 13 of 22 passes, throwing one interception and no touchdowns (he did, however, have a rushing touchdown), Davis rushed for 157 yards and a Super Bowl-record three touchdowns to earn the Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award—this while overcoming a severe migraine headache that caused him blurred vision 

Super Bowl XXXIII champions (1998)
The Broncos repeated as Super Bowl champions the following season, defeating the Atlanta Falcons (led by Elway's longtime head coach Dan Reeves) in Super Bowl XXXIII, 34–19  Elway was named Super Bowl MVP, completing 18 of 29 passes for 336 yards, with an 80-yard touchdown to wide receiver Rod Smith and one interception 
John Elway retired following the 1998 season, and Brian Griese started at quarterback for the next four seasons  After a 6–10 record in 1999, mostly due to a season-ending injury to Terrell Davis, the Broncos recovered in 2000, earning a Wild Card playoff berth, but losing to the eventual Super Bowl champion Baltimore Ravens  After missing the playoffs the following two seasons, former Arizona Cardinals' quarterback Jake Plummer replaced Griese in 2003, and led the Broncos to two straight 10–6 seasons, earning Wild Card playoff berths both years  However, the Broncos went on the road to face the Indianapolis Colts in back-to-back seasons and were blown out by more than 20 points in each game, allowing a combined 90 points In the years following the back-to-back championships, a league investigation revealed that the team had cheated the salary cap in both seasons and the 1996 season by deferring additional money to Elway and Davis outside of the salary cap  In addition, they purposefully avoided waiving certain players before a certain date  Denver claimed the moves did not give them additional competitive avantage  Between two separate punishments, they were stripped of their third-round picks in both the 2002 and 2005 drafts and fined nearly $2 million combined Plummer led the Broncos to a 13–3 record in 2005 and their first AFC West division title since 1998  After a first-round bye, the Broncos defeated the defending Super Bowl champion New England Patriots, 27–13, denying New England from becoming the first NFL team ever to win three consecutive Super Bowl championships  They were the first team to beat the Patriots in the playoffs during the Tom Brady era  The Broncos' playoff run came to an end the next week, after losing at home to the Pittsburgh Steelers in the AFC Championship game, 34–17  The Steelers went on to win Super Bowl XL 
The Broncos' defense began the first five games of the 2006 season allowing only one touchdown - an NFL record that still stands  ESPN commentator and Super Bowl-winning QB Joe Theismann gave the 2006 defense the name “Bad Blue” on Monday Night Football as they played the Ravens  However, the team struggled down the season stretch  Plummer led the team to a 7–2 record, but struggled individually with inconsistent performance and more interceptions than touchdown passes  As a result, he would be replaced by rookie quarterback Jay Cutler  Cutler went 2–3 as a starter, and the Broncos finished with a 9–7 record, losing the tiebreaker to the Kansas City Chiefs for the final playoff spot  Cutler's first full season as a starter in 2007 became the Broncos' first losing season since 1999, with a 7–9 record 
The 2008 season ended in a 52–21 loss at the San Diego Chargers, giving the Broncos an 8–8 record and their third straight season out of the playoffs  Mike Shanahan, the longest-tenured and most successful head coach in Broncos' franchise history, was fired after 14 seasons 

Josh McDaniels years (2009–2010)
On January 11, 2009, two weeks after Shanahan was fired, the Broncos hired former New England Patriots' offensive coordinator Josh McDaniels as the team's new head coach  Three months later, the team acquired quarterback Kyle Orton as part of a trade that sent Jay Cutler to the Chicago Bears 
Under McDaniels and Orton, the Broncos jumped out to a surprising 6–0 start in 2009  However, the team lost eight of their next ten games, finishing 8–8 for a second consecutive season and missing the playoffs  The next season (2010), the Broncos set a new franchise record for losses in a single season, with a 4–12 record  McDaniels was fired before the end of the 2010 season following a combination of the team's poor record and the fallout from a highly publicized videotaping scandal  Running backs coach Eric Studesville was named interim coach for the final four games of the 2010 season  He chose to start rookie first-round draft choice Tim Tebow at quarterback for the final three games 

John Fox years (2011–2014)
Following the 2010 season, Joe Ellis was promoted from Chief Operating Officer to team president, while John Elway returned to the organization as the team's Executive Vice President of Football Operations  In addition, the Broncos hired John Fox as the team's 14th head coach  Fox previously served as the Carolina Panthers' head coach from 2002 to 2010 Following a 1–4 start to the 2011 season, Tim Tebow replaced Kyle Orton as the Broncos' starting quarterback, and “Tebow Time” was born  Tebow led the Broncos with toughness, determination and miraculous come-from-behind victories which gave the Broncos hope and were the catalyst for better things to come  Tebow led the Broncos to an 8–8 record and garnered the team's first playoff berth and division title since 2005  The Broncos defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers in the Wild Card round on a memorable 80-yard touchdown pass from Tebow to wide receiver Demaryius Thomas on the first play of overtime, setting a record for the fastest overtime in NFL history  However, the Broncos lost to the New England Patriots in the Divisional round In March 2012, the Broncos reached an agreement on a five-year, $96 million contract with former longtime Indianapolis Colts' quarterback Peyton Manning, who had recently missed the entire 2011 season following multiple neck surgeries  This resulted in the Broncos subsequently trading incumbent quarterback Tim Tebow to the New York Jets  The Broncos finished with a 13–3 record and the AFC's No  1 seed in the 2012 playoffs, but were defeated by the Baltimore Ravens in the Divisional round Like in 2012, the 2013 Broncos finished with a 13–3 record and the AFC's No  1 seed  The Broncos broke all offensive records and QB Peyton Manning shattered many QB records that season as well  In the 2013 playoffs, they defeated the San Diego Chargers in the Divisional round and the New England Patriots in the AFC Championship  However, the Broncos lost to the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLVIII by a score of 43–8, the Broncos' first Super Bowl berth since winning back-to-back Super Bowls in 1997 and 1998 
Prior to the start of the 2014 season, the Broncos announced that Pat Bowlen, the team's owner since 1984, relinquished control of the team due to his battle with Alzheimer's disease, resulting in team president Joe Ellis and general manager John Elway assuming control of the team  The Broncos finished the 2014 season with a 12–4 record and the AFC's No  2 seed  However, the Broncos were defeated by the Indianapolis Colts in the Divisional round of the 2014 playoffs, marking the third time in four seasons that the Broncos lost in the Divisional round of the playoffs  Quarterback Peyton Manning had been playing with strained quadriceps for the final month of the 2014 season 

Gary Kubiak years (2015–2016)
On January 12, 2015, one day after the divisional playoff loss to the Colts, the Broncos and head coach John Fox mutually agreed to part ways  Fox left the Broncos with a  719 winning percentage in his four seasons as the Broncos' head coach—the highest in franchise history  One week later, the Broncos hired Gary Kubiak as the team's 15th head coach  Kubiak served as a backup quarterback to executive vice president/general manager John Elway from 1983 to 1991, as well as the Broncos' offensive coordinator from 1995 to 2005 

Super Bowl 50 champions (2015)
Shortly after Kubiak became head coach, the Broncos underwent numerous changes to their coaching staff and players, including the hiring of defensive coordinator, defensive mastermind Wade Phillips, under whom the Broncos' defense went from middle of the road to being ranked No  1 in the NFL  By the 2015 season, it would go on to be considered one of the greatest NFL defenses of all time - along with the 1985 Bears, 2000 Ravens and 2002 Buccaneers  The Broncos finished with a 12–4 record and the AFC's No  1 seed, despite Peyton Manning having his worst statistical season since his rookie year with the Indianapolis Colts in 1998  Backup quarterback Brock Osweiler started the last six games of the regular season due to Manning suffering from a foot injury  Manning led the Broncos throughout the playoffs  The Broncos defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers 23–16 in the Divisional Round and the New England Patriots 20–18 in the AFC Championship  They were victorious against the Carolina Panthers 24–10 in Super Bowl 50 for their third Super Bowl title On March 7, 2016, quarterback Peyton Manning retired after 18 NFL seasons during a press conference at the team's Dove Valley headquarters Following Manning's retirement, the Broncos scrambled to find the team's next starting quarterback after backup quarterback Brock Osweiler departed on a four-year contract to the Houston Texans  The Broncos acquired Mark Sanchez from the Philadelphia Eagles and selected Paxton Lynch during the 2016 draft  Sanchez, Lynch and second-year quarterback Trevor Siemian competed for the starting quarterback spot during the off-season and preseason  Prior to the regular season, Sanchez was released and Siemian was named the starter  The Broncos finished the season 9–7 and missed the playoffs for the first time since 2010 
On January 2, 2017, coach Gary Kubiak announced his retirement, citing health as the main reason for retiring  The Broncos hired Miami Dolphins defensive coordinator Vance Joseph as head coach on January 11, 2017  The Broncos finished 5–11 in 2017 as a result of an unimpressive offense led by a quarterback committee of Trevor Siemian, Brock Osweiler, and Paxton Lynch 
In an effort to address poor production from the offense, the Broncos signed quarterback Case Keenum on March 14, 2018, and traded away Trevor Siemian to the Minnesota Vikings on March 19, 2018 
On May 1, 2018, the Broncos signed local undrafted free agent running back Phillip Lindsay, who became a fan favorite due to his underdog mentality, explosive play style and local roots  Lindsay became the first undrafted player in NFL history with 100+ scrimmage yards in each of their first two games and on December 18, 2018, Lindsay was voted to the 2019 Pro Bowl, making him the first undrafted offensive rookie in NFL history to be voted to a Pro Bowl After getting off to a strong start, their 2018 season was up and down, eventually finishing with a 6–10 record and placing third in the AFC West  Coupled with the 5–11 season in 2017, the Broncos had back-to-back losing seasons for the first time since 1971–1972  Shortly after the conclusion of the regular season, head coach Vance Joseph was fired after recording a poor 11–21 record in two seasons 

Vic Fangio years (2019–2021)
On January 10, 2019, the Broncos hired Chicago Bears defensive coordinator Vic Fangio to become the 17th head coach in franchise history  Fangio was chosen over Mike Munchak, the Broncos' offensive line coach  Fangio received a four-year contract with a team option for an additional season On February 13, 2019, Joe Flacco was announced as the new starting quarterback  On October 6, 2019, the Broncos defeated the Los Angeles Chargers for their 500th win, bringing their win–loss record to 500–432 On December 1, 2019, the Broncos started Mizzou rookie quarterback Drew Lock for the first time  He led the Broncos to a 4–1 record to end the 2019 season  The Broncos finished 2nd place in the AFC West Division at 7–9, missing the playoffs for a fourth consecutive year  In five games, Lock finished with 1,020 passing yards, seven touchdowns, and three interceptions 
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020 NFL season did not have a preseason or full training camps, which likely contributed to an abnormally large amount of injuries that plagued the Broncos and other NFL teams  Star linebacker Von Miller suffered a season-ending ankle tendon injury before the regular season started, and starting wide receiver Courtland Sutton suffered a season-ending torn ACL during a week two game 
On November 29, 2020, after all three of the Broncos' quarterbacks were placed in COVID-19 protocol, the Broncos were forced to turn to undrafted wide receiver and former college quarterback Kendall Hinton as the emergency quarterback  Hinton completed only one pass for 13 yards in 9 attempts—the fewest pass completions in a single game in franchise history—and was intercepted twice  The Broncos' only scoring play was a 58-yard field goal by placekicker Brandon McManus in a 31–3 loss to the New Orleans Saints  In July 2021, the Pro Football Hall of Fame announced that Hinton's quarterback wristband would be added to the Hall of Fame as part of a display The Broncos finished the 2020 season with a record of 5–11, last in the AFC West, and missed the playoffs for the fifth consecutive year 
Following another season of uninspiring quarterback performances, the Broncos were the subject of multiple quarterback trade rumors during the 2021 offseason  Aaron Rodgers and Deshaun Watson were two names rumored to be of interest for the Broncos, but ultimately the Broncos traded for quarterback Teddy Bridgewater on April 28, 2021  Bridgewater won the subsequent quarterback competition between himself and Drew Lock during the preseason, and he was named the Broncos' starting quarterback on August 25, 2021 
The Broncos also made notable improvements in the defensive secondary, signing former All-Pro cornerback Kyle Fuller and cornerback Ronald Darby, as well as drafting Alabama cornerback Patrick Surtain II with the ninth overall pick in the 2021 NFL Draft  Running back Phillip Lindsay was replaced by UNC rookie running back Javonte Williams, who was drafted in the second round of the 2021 NFL Draft by the Broncos 
On October 31, 2021, Peyton Manning (who won two AFC Championships, Super Bowl 50, and an NFL MVP during his four seasons as a Bronco) was inducted to the Broncos' Ring of Fame during a game against Washington On November 1, 2021, the Broncos traded franchise legend Von Miller to the Los Angeles Rams in exchange for a 2nd and 3rd round pick in the 2022 NFL Draft  At the time of the trade, Miller was the longest-tenured Bronco on the team, and the only remaining non-special teams player from Denver's Super Bowl 50 roster 
After another mediocre performance in the 2021 season with the Broncos going 7–10, head coach Vic Fangio was dismissed on January 8, 2022, after losing to the Kansas City Chiefs  The Broncos announced the hiring of Green Bay Packers offensive coordinator Nathaniel Hackett as head coach on January 27, 2022 The Broncos then announced on February 1, 2022, that they were now up for sale and that they would be parting ways with the Bowlen family, the former owners of the franchise Hackett's first hire as head coach was Justin Outten as offensive coordinator  He was hired on February 2, 2022 
On March 16, 2022, the Broncos traded Drew Lock, Noah Fant, Shelby Harris, Denver's 2022 first-round pick (No  9), its 2022 second-round pick (No  40), its 2023 first- and second-round picks, and its 2022 fifth-round round pick for Russell Wilson and the Seattle Seahawks' 2022 fourth-round pick 

Walton-Penner Era (2022–present)
On June 7, 2022, the Broncos announced that the Walton-Penner family, led by Rob Walton, had entered in an agreement to acquire the Denver Broncos for $4 65 billion (a North American record) subject to approval by the NFL Finance Committee and 3/4 of the league's team owners  The Broncos announced that Condoleezza Rice would join the ownership group on July 11, 2022 On August 10, 2022, the Broncos formally introduced the new ownership group to the media and Denver community  The full group comprises Rob Walton, Carrie Walton Penner, Greg Penner, Mellody Hobson, Condoleezza Rice and Lewis Hamilton On December 26, with the Broncos sitting at 4–11 following a 51–14 Christmas Day loss to the Los Angeles Rams, Hackett was fired and replaced by interim head coach Jerry Rosburg  He became the fifth head coach to not finish his first season after Lou Holtz in 1976, Pete McCulley in 1978, Bobby Petrino in 2007, and Urban Meyer in 2021  Jerry Rosburg was released from the staff on January 25 

Rivalries
Divisional
The Denver Broncos have three AFC West rivals—the Kansas City Chiefs, Las Vegas Raiders and Los Angeles Chargers  All teams, along with the Broncos, were charter members of the American Football League (AFL), with each team placed in the AFL Western Division  The Broncos were barely competitive during the AFL years (1960–69), going a combined 10–49–1 against the Chiefs, Chargers and Raiders 

Kansas City Chiefs
The Broncos have had several memorable matchups with the Chiefs, particularly during the years in which John Elway was the Broncos' starting quarterback (1983–98)  The Broncos defeated the Chiefs at Arrowhead Stadium in the divisional round of the 1997 NFL playoffs, en route to their first Super Bowl victory  The Chiefs currently hold a 69–55 series lead over the Broncos, including the aforementioned 1997 divisional playoff game 

Las Vegas Raiders
The rivalry with the Raiders was ignited in 1977, when the Broncos advanced to their first Super Bowl by defeating the defending champion Raiders in the 1977 AFC Championship  The rivalry intensified in the mid-1990s, when Mike Shanahan was hired as the Broncos' head coach in 1995  Shanahan coached the Raiders in 1988 before being fired four games into the 1989 season  The Raiders currently hold a 70–54–2 series lead over the Broncos, including 1–1 in the playoffs 

Los Angeles Chargers
Unlike their records against the Chiefs and Raiders, the Broncos currently have a winning record against the Chargers, with a 70–54–1 series lead, including 1–0 in the playoffs  The Broncos pulled off one of the largest comebacks in Monday Night Football history, when Peyton Manning led the Broncos from a 24–0 halftime deficit to a 35–24 win at San Diego's Qualcomm Stadium during the 2012 season  The two teams met in the playoffs for the first time on January 12, 2014, at Denver's Sports Authority Field at Mile High, with the Broncos winning 24–17 

Historical
Aside from the aforementioned AFC West teams, the Broncos have had intra-conference rivalries over the years with the Cleveland Browns, Pittsburgh Steelers and New England Patriots   The Broncos and Seattle Seahawks were also former AFC West rivals from 1977 to 2001, after which Seattle was realigned to the NFC West 

Cleveland Browns
The Broncos had a brief rivalry with the Browns that arose from three AFC championship matches in 1986, 1987 and 1989  In the 1986 AFC Championship, quarterback John Elway led The Drive to secure a tie in the waning moments at Cleveland Municipal Stadium; the Broncos went on to win in 23–20 in overtime  One year later, the two teams met again in the 1987 AFC Championship at Mile High Stadium  Denver took a 21–3 lead, but Browns' quarterback Bernie Kosar threw four touchdown passes to tie the game at 31–31 halfway through the 4th quarter  After a long drive, John Elway threw a 20-yard touchdown pass to running back Sammy Winder to give Denver a 38–31 lead  Cleveland advanced to Denver's 8-yard line with 1:12 left, but Broncos' safety Jeremiah Castille stripped Browns' running back Earnest Byner of the football at the 2-yard line—a play that has been called The Fumble by Browns' fans  The Broncos recovered it, gave Cleveland an intentional safety, and went on to win 38–33  The two teams met yet again in the 1989 AFC Championship at Mile High Stadium, which the Broncos easily won by a score of 37–21  The Broncos did not win the Super Bowl after any of the championship games where they defeated the Browns, losing by an aggregate of 136–40 

Pittsburgh Steelers
As of the end of the 2015 season, the Broncos and Steelers have met in postseason play eight times, tied with five other pairings for the second–most frequent playoff matchups in NFL playoff history  The Broncos currently own a 5–3 playoff record vs  the Steelers  Perhaps the most memorable postseason matchup occurred in the 1997 AFC Championship, in which the Broncos defeated the Steelers 24–21 at Three Rivers Stadium, en route to their first Super Bowl victory  Eight years later, the Steelers returned the favor at INVESCO Field at Mile High, defeating the Broncos 34–17 in the 2005 AFC Championship, and subsequently won Super Bowl XL  In the Wild Card round of the 2011 playoffs, in a game dubbed The 3:16 game, the Broncos stunned the Steelers 29–23 on the first play of overtime, when quarterback Tim Tebow connected with wide receiver Demaryius Thomas on an 80-yard game-winning touchdown pass  The teams met again in the Divisional round of the 2015 playoffs at Denver, where the Broncos defeated the Steelers 23–16 on their way to a victory in Super Bowl 50 

New England Patriots
The Broncos and Patriots met twice annually during the American Football League (AFL) years from 1960 to 1969, and played in the first-ever AFL game on September 9, 1960  Since 1995, the two teams have met frequently during the regular season, including nine consecutive seasons from 1995 to 2003  As of the end of the 2015 season, the two teams have met in the playoffs five times, with the Broncos owning a 4–1 record  The teams' first playoff match on January 4, 1987, was John Elway's first career playoff win, while the teams' second playoff match on January 14, 2006, game was the Broncos' first playoff win since Elway's retirement after the 1998 season  The game was also notable for Champ Bailey's 100-yard interception that resulted in a touchdown-saving tackle by Benjamin Watson at the 1-yard line  On October 11, 2009, the two teams met with former Patriots' offensive coordinator, Josh McDaniels as the Broncos' head coach  Both teams wore their AFL 50th anniversary jerseys  The game featured a 98-yard drive in the fourth quarter, with a game-tying touchdown pass from Kyle Orton to Brandon Marshall, followed by an overtime drive led by Orton that resulted in a 41-yard game-winning field goal by Matt Prater  The two teams met in the Divisional round of the 2011 playoffs, with the Patriots blowing out Tim Tebow and the Broncos by a score of 45–10  The Broncos' rivalry with the Patriots later intensified when longtime Indianapolis Colts' quarterback Peyton Manning became the Broncos' starting quarterback from 2012 to 2015  Manning and Patriots' quarterback Tom Brady maintained a legendary rivalry from 2001 until Manning's retirement after the 2015 season  Though Brady dominated Manning in regular season play, winning nine of twelve meetings, Manning won three of five playoff meetings, including the Broncos' 26–16 win in the 2013 AFC Championship and the Broncos' 20–18 win in the 2015 AFC Championship 

Seattle Seahawks
The Broncos had an old rivalry with the Seattle Seahawks, who were members of the AFC West from 1977 to 2001, prior to the Seahawks' move to the NFC West as part of the NFL's 2002 re-alignment  During the 25 years in which the Seahawks resided in the AFC West, the Broncos went 32–18 against the Seahawks, including a loss at Seattle in the 1983 NFL playoffs  Since 2002, the Broncos have won three of five interconference meetings, and the two teams met in Super Bowl XLVIII on February 2, 2014, with the Seahawks winning by a score of 43–8 

Facilities
For most of their history, the Denver Broncos played in Mile High Stadium  The AFL Broncos played at the University of Denver's Hilltop Stadium from time to time, including the first victory of an AFL team over an NFL team: The Broncos beat the Detroit Lions on August 5, 1967, in a preseason game  The team has sold out every home game (including post-season games) since the AFL–NFL merger in 1970, with the exception of two replacement games during the 1987 strike (but both were sold out before the strike) 
During home games, the attendance is announced to the crowd, along with the number of no-shows (the fans subsequently boo the no-shows)  The fans are also known to chant "IN-COM-PLETE!" every time the visiting team throws an incomplete pass  The stadium's legendary home-field advantage is regarded as one of the best in the NFL, especially during the playoffs  The Broncos had the best home record in pro football over a 32-year span from 1974 to 2006 (191–65–1)  Mile High Stadium was one of the NFL's loudest stadiums, with steel flooring instead of concrete, which may have given the Broncos an advantage over opponents, plus the advantage of altitude conditioning for the Broncos  In 2001, the team moved into then-named Invesco Field at Mile High, built next to the former site of the since-demolished Mile High Stadium  Sportswriter Woody Paige, along with many of Denver's fans, however, often refused to call the stadium by its full name, preferring to use "Mile High Stadium" because of its storied history and sentimental import  Additionally, The Denver Post had an official policy of referring to the stadium as simply "Mile High Stadium" in protest, but dropped this policy in 2004 

Prior to the 2011 season, Englewood-based sporting goods retailer Sports Authority claimed the naming rights of Invesco Field, which became known as Sports Authority Field at Mile High  However, in the summer of 2016, Sports Authority went bankrupt, the stadium was renamed Broncos Stadium at Mile High, and the Broncos sought out a naming rights sponsor until September 2019 when they agreed to rename the stadium Empower Field at Mile High The altitude has also been attributed as part of the team's home success  The stadium displays multiple references to the stadium's location of 5,280 feet (1 000 mi) above sea level, including a prominent mural just outside the visiting team's locker room  The team training facility, the UCHealth Training Center (formerly known as the Paul D  Bowlen Memorial Broncos Centre), is a state-of-the-art facility located in Dove Valley  With 13 5 acres (5 5 ha) of property, the facility hosts three full-size fields, a complete weight and training facility, and a cafeteria In their more than half-century of existence, the Broncos have never been shut out at home, a streak of over 400 games as of the 2016 season In late 2012, the Broncos announced that the stadium would receive $30 million upgrades including a new video board in the south end zone three times larger than the previous display  The renovations were finished before kickoff of the 2013 season 

Logos and uniforms
1968–1996
When the Broncos debuted in 1960, their original uniforms drew as much attention as their play on the field  They featured white and mustard yellow jerseys, with contrasting brown helmets, brown pants and vertically striped socks  Two years later, the team unveiled a new logo featuring a bucking horse, and changed their team colors to orange, royal blue and white  The 1962 uniform consisted of white pants, orange helmets, and either orange or white jerseys In 1968, the Broncos debuted a design that became known as the "Orange Crush"  Their logo was redesigned so that the horse was coming out of a "D " Additionally, the helmets were changed to royal blue, with thin stripes placed onto the sleeves, and other minor modifications were added
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SHV connector
The SHV (safe high voltage) connector is a type of RF connector used for terminating a coaxial cable  
The connector uses a bayonet mount similar to those of the BNC and MHV connectors, but is easily distinguished due to its very thick and protruding insulator  This insulation geometry makes SHV connectors safer for handling high voltage than MHV connectors, by preventing accidental contact with the live conductor in an unmated connector or plug  The connector is also designed such that when it is being disconnected from a plug, the high voltage contact is broken before the ground contact, to prevent accidental shocks  The connector is also designed to prevent users from forcing a high voltage connector into a low voltage plug or vice versa (as can happen with MHV and BNC connectors), by reversing the gender compared to BNC 
Details of the connector comprising dimensions of the mating parts, voltage rating, minimum insulation requirements and more are specified by the IEC document 60498 SHV connectors are used in laboratory settings for voltages and currents beyond the capacity of BNC and MHV connectors  Standard SHV connectors are rated for 5000 volts DC and 5 amperes, although higher-voltage versions (to 20 kV) are also available 
Passage 2:
U-229
The U-229 is a cable connector currently used by the U S  military for audio connections to field radios, typically for connecting a handset  There are five-pin and six-pin versions, the sixth pin version using the extra pin to power accessories  This type of connector is also used by the National Security Agency to load cryptographic keys into encryption equipment from a fill device 
It is specified by the detail specification MIL-DTL-55116D  

External links
U-229 pin-outs and information
MIL-DTL-55116 military specification
Compilation of military radio related standards
Passage 3:
Multicable
In stage lighting, a multicable (otherwise known as multi-core cable or mult) is a type of heavy-duty electrical cable used in theaters to power lights  The basic construction involves a bundle of individual conductors surrounded by a single outer jacket  Whereas single cables only have three conductors, multicable has ten or more  They are configured to run in six or eight-circuit varieties  Typically, both ends of multicable have a specific connector known as a Socapex Connector  Technicians then combine the cables with break-outs and break-ins, which essentially are an octopus-like adapter with one Socapex end and six to eight Edison, twist-lok, or stage pin style connectors 

Use
Multicable is used when technicians need to mount lights where no permanent circuiting options exist  Typically, mounting pipes designed for lighting use have enclosed raceways with permanent power outlets, running to a remote dimmer unit somewhere in the theater  When such options are not available, technicians have to run cable to these positions instead  Originally, it had to be done with cable bundles, running single extension cords long distances and tying or taping them into groups, or just running cable in a disorganized mess 
Instead, several circuits can be run in a single cable, using multicables  These are used most often in theaters without on-stage raceways or in systems with portable dimming racks, which are not wired into the building  Multicable is a quick, organized way of getting a large amount of circuits away from the dimmers to the lights 

Advantages
Viewed in comparison to six individual extension cords, multicable is a neater and more organized alternative  There are fewer connectors, and the multis are labeled one to six on their adapters so technicians always know which circuit they're working on 

Disadvantages
Running multicable from source to light is particularly strenuous  Compared to running six cables one by one, multicable is much heavier  Also, because of the large amount of copper in the cable, they have very bad memory- an effect where cables will try to curl and twist in attempt to return to its original coiled state  This makes packing multicable back into coils also tricky 
Passage 4:
Camlock (electrical)
A camlock or cam-lock is an interchangeable electrical connector, often used in temporary electrical power production and distribution, predominantly in North America  Originally a trade name as Cam-Lok, it is now a generic term   Each camlock connector carries a single phase, pole, or conductor; multiple camlock connectors will be used to make a complete electrical supply or circuit 
The most common form is the 16 series, rated at 400 amperes with 105 °C terminations  Also in common use is the 15 series (mini-cam), rated at 150 amperes  A larger version is made denoted as the 17 series with ratings up to 760 A  A ball nose version and a longer nose standard version exist—the latter is the most common  The early version original connector was hot-vulcanized to the cable body; later versions use dimensional pressure to exclude foreign material from the connector pin area   The tail of the connector insulator body is trimmable to fit the cable outer diameter 
Another version is the Posi-Lok, which features keyed, shrouded connectors, and panels with sequencing interlocks Camlock is generally used where temporary connections of 3-phase and/or more than 50 A are needed   Applications include connecting large temporary generators or load banks to distribution panels or building disconnects   Common scenarios include testing, emergencies, temporary special events, and traveling stage shows with large lighting and sound equipment   They are usually found only in professional environments, where connections are performed by qualified personnel 

Color codes
Standards and industry conventions for phase and voltage exist, but may vary in practice, particularly when international companies and traveling productions are involved 

North America
The National Electric Code (NEC) only specifies colors for ground and neutral: Green for the equipment grounding (safety) conductor (NEC Article 250 119), and white or grey for the neutral (grounded) conductor (NEC Article 200 6)   These colors may not be used for any other purpose, nor may their purpose use a different color   No other colors are specified by the NEC for general power distribution 
Nonetheless, the following conventions exist:

United Kingdom
The UK system has two established camlock colour codes   The old and new colour codes are not compatible:  Black was originally used to indicate neutral, and is now a phase colour; blue was used to denote a phase, and is now used to denote neutral   As the use of camlocks in the UK has been declining, it is very unlikely to find any matching the new colour codes 

Gallery
Camlock power distribution
Passage 5:
Cable gland
A cable gland (more often known in the U S  as a cord grip, cable strain relief, cable connector or cable fitting) is a device designed to attach and secure the end of an electrical cable to the equipment  A cable gland provides strain-relief and connects by a means suitable for the type and description of cable for which it is designed—including provision for making electrical connection to the armour or braid and lead or aluminium sheath of the cable, if any  Cable glands may also be used for sealing cables passing through bulkheads or gland plates  Cable glands are mostly used for cables with diameters between 1 mm and 75 mm Cable glands are commonly defined as mechanical cable entry devices   They are used throughout a number of industries in conjunction with cable and wiring used in electrical instrumentation and automation systems  Cable glands may be used on all types of electrical power, control, instrumentation, data and telecommunications cables   They are used as a sealing and termination device to ensure that the characteristics of the enclosure which the cable enters can be maintained adequately  Cable glands are made of various plastics, and steel, brass or aluminum for industrial usage  Glands intended to resist dripping water or water pressure will include synthetic rubber or other types of elastomer seals   Certain types of cable glands may also serve to prevent entry of flammable gas into equipment enclosures, for electrical equipment in hazardous areas  
Although cable glands are often called "connectors", a technical distinction can be made in the terminology, which differentiates them from quick-disconnect, conducting electrical connectors  
For routing pre-terminated cables (cables with connectors), split cable glands can be used  These cable glands consist of three parts (two gland halves and a split sealing grommet) which are screwed with a hexagonal locknut (like normal cable glands)  Thus, pre-assembled cables can be routed without removing the plugs  Split cable glands can reach an ingress protection of up to IP66/IP68 and NEMA 4X 
Alternatively, split cable entry systems can be used (normally consisting of a hard frame and several sealing grommets) to route a large number of pre-terminated cables through one wall cut-out 
There are at least three types of thread standards used:

Panzergewinde (PG standard)
Metric thread
National Pipe Thread (inch system)

See also
Electrical connector
Pipe thread
Steel conduit thread
Feedthrough
Passage 6:
SR connector
An SR connector, or CP connector (from Russian: Соединитель Радиочастотный, radio frequency connector) is a type of Russian made RF connector for coaxial cables  Based on the American BNC connector, the SR connector differs slightly in dimensions due to discrepancies in imperial to metric conversion, though with some force they can still be mated  There are however types of SR connectors that do not resemble their American counterpart 
Most SR connectors are variants of SR-50 (50 Ω) or SR-75 (75 Ω) versions, with the SR-75 typically having a thinner center pin  They often resemble C connectors in shape, and have threaded inserts similar to N connectors  Further numerical suffixes denote specific kinds of connectors, for instance the CP 75-164 is a much larger high power connector, designed for upwards of 3000W, with a similar appearance to an N or UHF type  The various letters after the number refer to the dielectric material used 
Below is a breakdown of the various suffixes used in the order they would appear:

See also
BNC connector
RF connector
Passage 7:
Very-high-density cable interconnect
A very-high-density cable interconnect (VHDCI) is a 68-pin connector that was introduced in the SPI-2 document of SCSI-3  The VHDCI connector is a very small connector that allows placement of four wide SCSI connectors on the back of a single PCI card slot  Physically, it looks like a miniature Centronics type connector  It uses the regular 68-contact pin assignment  The male connector (plug) is used on the cable and the female connector ("receptacle") on the device 

Other uses
Apart from the standardized use with the SCSI interface, several vendors have also used VHDCI connectors for other types of interfaces:

Nvidia: for an external PCI Express 8-lane interconnect, and used in Quadro Plex VCS and in Quadro NVS 420 as a display port connector
ATI Technologies: on the FireMV 2400 to convey two DVI and two VGA signals on a single connector, and ganging two of these connectors side by side in order to allow the FireMV 2400 to be a low-profile quad display card  The Radeon X1950 XTX Crossfire Edition also used a pair of the connectors to grant more inter-card bandwidth than the PCI Express bus allowed at the time for Crossfire 
AMD: Some Visiontek variants of the Radeon HD 7750 use a VHDCI connector alongside a Mini DisplayPort to allow a 5 (breakout to 4 HDMI+1 mDP) display Eyefinity array on a low profile card  VisionTek also released a similar Radeon HD 5570, though it lacked a Mini DisplayPort 
Juniper Networks: for their 12- and 48-port 100BASE-TX PICs (physical interface cards)  The cable connects to the VHDCI connector on the PIC on one end, via an RJ-21 connector on the other end, to an RJ-45 patch panel 
Cisco: 3750 StackWise stacking cables
National Instruments: on their high-speed digital I/O cards [1]
AudioScience uses VHDCI to carry multiple analog balanced audio and digital AES/EBU audio streams, and clock and GPIO signals 

See also
SCSI connector
Passage 8:
C connector
The C connector is a type of RF connector used for terminating coaxial cable  The interface specifications for the C and many other connectors are referenced in MIL-STD-348  The connector uses  two-stud bayonet-type locks  The C connector was invented by Amphenol engineer Carl Concelman  It is weatherproof without being overly bulky  The mating arrangement is similar to that of the BNC connector  It can be used up to 11 GHz, and is rated for up to 1500 volts 

See also
USB-C (also called Type C connector)
Passage 9:
GR connector
The GR connector, officially the General Radio Type 874, was a type of RF connector used for connecting coaxial cable  Designed by Eduard Karplus, Harold M  Wilson and William R  Thurston at General Radio Corporation  It was widely used on General Radio's electronic test equipment and some Tektronix instruments from the 1950s to the 1970s The connector had several desirable properties:

Good control of the electrical impedance across a wide range of frequencies, therefore low reflection
Reliable mating
Hermaphrodism, so there were no "male" or "female" connectors; any GR connector could mate with any other GR connector This last characteristic was achieved by having both the inner and outer conductors made from four leaves, two of which were displaced slightly outwards and two of which were displaced slightly inwards  By rotating one connector by 90 degrees, its inner leaves would mate with the other connector's outer leaves and vice versa 
When frequently mated, the inner leaves were susceptible to breakage due to stubbing, flexing and fatigue cracking as the connector was pressed together and alignment was perfected 
In 1961, an optional locking mechanism consisting of an outer hex nut encasing a captured threaded barrel was added to the 874 line   It can be seen in the photograph of a GR-900 to GR-874 adapter,  The locking assembly is not captive and can be backed off the RF connector  The threaded barrel is supplied on each connector  The threaded barrel was withdrawn into the nut on one connector and extended on the other to allow the barrel to engage the nut of both mating connectors  This style of locking mechanism was continued in GR-874's thematic successors; the GR-900 precision 14 mm connector that retains a crenelated hermaphroditic mechanical anti-spin feature to protect the sexless RF interface from rotating and galling when the locking mechanism is tightened, and the fully sexless APC-7 7 mm connector 
Adapters to other connector series were available 
Eventually, the limited frequency range of a 14 mm connector and its high manufacturing cost overcame its ease of assembly and the GR-874 was supplanted generally by the 7 mm type N connector and its variants, the BNC connector and the TNC connector, and the later higher frequency 3 5 mm SMA connectors  General Radio, then still a major source of RF test equipment, designed the incompatible GR-900 as a 14 mm successor to the GR-874, filling the industry's need for a higher performance sexless connector for fully reversible lab standards and related test equipment  The GR-900 was in turn succeeded in this essential niche role by the completely sexless APC-7 connector 
Passage 10:
BNC connector
The BNC connector (initialism of "Bayonet Neill–Concelman") is a miniature quick connect/disconnect radio frequency connector used for coaxial cable  It is designed to maintain the same characteristic impedance of the cable, with 50 ohm and 75 ohm types being made  It is usually applied for video and radio frequency connections up to about 2 GHz and up to 500 volts  The connector has a twist to lock design with two lugs in the female portion of the connector engaging a slot in the  shell of the male portion  The type was introduced on military radio equipment in the 1940s and has since become widely applied in radio systems, and is a common type of video connector  Similar radio-frequency connectors differ in dimensions and attachment features, and may allow for higher voltages, higher frequencies, or three-wire connections 

Description
The BNC connector features two bayonet lugs on the female connector; mating is fully achieved with a quarter turn of the coupling nut  It uses an outer conductor with slots and some plastic dielectric on each gender connector  This dielectric causes increasing losses at higher frequencies  Above 4 GHz, the slots may radiate signals, so the connector is usable, but not necessarily stable, up to about 11 GHz  BNC connectors are made to match the characteristic impedance of cable at either 50 ohms or 75 ohms (with other impedances such as 93 ohms for ARCNET available though less common)  They are usually applied for frequencies below 4 GHz and voltages below 500 volts  The interface specifications for the BNC and many other connectors are referenced in MIL-STD-348 

Use
The BNC was originally designed for military use and has gained wide acceptance in video and RF applications to 2 GHz  BNC connectors are used with miniature-to-subminiature coaxial cable in radio, television, and other radio-frequency electronic equipment  They were commonly used for early computer networks, including ARCnet, the IBM PC Network, and the 10BASE2 variant of Ethernet  
The BNC connector is used for signal connections such as:

analog and serial digital interface video signals
radio antennas
aerospace electronics (avionics)
nuclear instrumentation
test equipment 
The BNC connector is used for analog composite video and digital video interconnects on commercial video devices  Consumer electronics devices with RCA connector jacks can be used with BNC-only commercial video equipment by inserting an adapter  BNC connectors were commonly used on 10base2 thin Ethernet network cables and network cards  BNC connections can also be found in recording studios  Digital recording equipment uses the connection for synchronization of various components via the transmission of word clock timing signals 
Typically the male connector is fitted to a cable, and the female to a panel on equipment  Cable connectors are often designed to be fitted by crimping using a special power or manual tool  Wire strippers which strip outer jacket, shield braid, and inner dielectric to the correct lengths in one operation are used 

Origin
The connector was named the BNC (for Bayonet Neill–Concelman) after its bayonet mount locking mechanism and its inventors, Paul Neill and Carl Concelman  Neill worked at Bell Labs and also invented the N connector; Concelman worked at Amphenol and also invented the C connector 

Types and compatibility
Types
BNC connectors are most commonly made in 50 and 75 ohm versions, matched for use with cables of the same characteristic impedance  The 75 ohm types can sometimes be recognized by the reduced or absent dielectric in the mating ends but this is by no means reliable  There was a proposal in the early 1970s for the dielectric material to be coloured red in 75 ohm connectors, and while this is occasionally implemented, it did not become standard  The 75 ohm connector is dimensionally slightly different from the 50 ohm variant, but the two nevertheless can be made to mate  The 50 ohm connectors are typically specified for use at frequencies up to 4 GHz and the 75 ohm version up to 2 GHz 
Video (particularly HD video signals) and DS3 Telco central office applications primarily use 75 ohm BNC connectors, whereas 50 ohm connectors are used for data and RF  Many VHF receivers used 75 ohm antenna inputs, so they often used 75 ohm BNC connectors 
Reverse-polarity BNC (RP-BNC) is a variation of the BNC specification which reverses the polarity of the interface  In a connector of this type, the female contact normally found in a jack is usually in the plug, while the male contact normally found in a plug is in the jack  This ensures that reverse polarity interface connectors do not mate with standard interface connectors  The SHV connector is a high-voltage BNC variant that uses this reverse polarity configuration 
Smaller versions of the BNC connector, called Mini BNC and High Density BNC (HD BNC), are manufactured by Amphenol  While retaining the electrical characteristics of the original specification, they have smaller footprints giving a higher packing density on circuit boards and equipment backplanes  These connectors have true 75 ohm impedance making them suitable for HD video applications 

Compatibility
The different versions are designed to mate with each other,
and a 75 ohm and a 50 ohm BNC connector which both comply with the 2007 IEC standard, IEC 61169-8, will mate non-destructively  At least one manufacturer claims very high reliability for the connectors' compatibility At frequencies below 10 MHz the impedance mismatch between a 50 ohm connector or cable and a 75 ohm one has negligible effects  BNC connectors were thus originally made only in 50 ohm versions, for use with any impedance of cable  Above this frequency, however, the mismatch becomes progressively more significant and can lead to signal reflections 

BNC inserter/remover tool
A BNC inserter/remover tool also called a BNC tool, BNC extraction tool, BNC wrench, or BNC apple corer, is used to insert or remove BNC connectors in high density or hard-to-reach locations, such as densely wired patch panels in broadcast facilities like central apparatus rooms 
BNC tools are usually light weight, made of stainless steel, and have screw driver type plastic handle grips for applying torque  Their shafts are usually double the length of a standard connector 
They help to safely, efficiently and quickly connect and disconnect BNC connectors in jack fields  BNC tools facilitate access and minimize the risk of accidentally disconnecting nearby connectors 

Similar connectors
Similar connectors using the bayonet connection principle exist, and a threaded connector is also available  United States military standard MIL-PRF-39012 entitled Connectors, Coaxial, Radio Frequency, General Specification for (formerly MIL-C-39012) covers the general requirements and tests for radio frequency connectors used with flexible cables and certain other types of coaxial transmission lines in military, aerospace, and spaceflight applications 

SR connectors
In the USSR, BNC connectors were copied as SR connectors  As a result of recalculating from imperial to metric measurements their dimensions differ slightly from those of BNC  They are however generally interchangeable with them, sometimes with force applied 

TNC (Threaded Neill–Concelman)
A threaded version of the BNC connector, known as the TNC connector (for Threaded Neill-Concelman) is also available  It has superior performance to the BNC connector at microwave frequencies 

Twin BNC or twinax
Twin BNC (also known as twinax) connectors use the same bayonet latching shell as an ordinary BNC connector but contain two independent contact points (one male and one female), allowing the connection of a 78 ohm or 95 ohm shielded differential pair such as RG-108A  They can operate up to 100 MHz and 100 volts  They cannot mate with ordinary BNC connectors  An abbreviation for twinax connectors has been BNO (Sühner) 

Triaxial
Triaxial (also known as triax) connectors are a variant on BNC that carry a signal and guard as well as ground conductor  These are used in sensitive electronic measurement systems  Early triaxial connectors were designed with just an extra inner conductor, but later triaxial connectors also include a three-lug arrangement to rule out an accidental forced mating with a BNC connector  Adaptors exist to allow some interconnection possibilities between triaxial and BNC connectors  The triaxial may also be known as a Trompeter connection 

High-voltage connectors
For higher voltages (above 500 V), MHV and SHV connectors are typically used  MHV connectors are easily mistaken for BNC type, and can be made to mate with them by brute force  The SHV connector was developed as a safer alternative, it will not mate with ordinary BNC connectors and the inner conductor is much harder to accidentally contact 

Miniature connectors
BNC connectors are commonly used in electronics, but in some applications they are being replaced by LEMO 00 miniature connectors which allow for significantly higher densities  In video broadcast industry, the DIN 1 0/2 3 and the HD-BNC connector are used for higher density products

See also
SMA connector
SMB connector
SMC connector
UHF connector



ground_truth: 2010

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Why did the CEO of the football team based in Denver, Colorado step down in 2014?

The following are given passages.
Context 2:  From 1969 to 1971, and again from 1978 to 1979, the team wore orange pants with their white jerseys  The facemasks became white (from grey) in 1975 
The Broncos wore their white jerseys at home throughout the 1971 season, as well as for 1980 home games vs  the San Diego Chargers and Dallas Cowboys, the latter in hopes to bring out the "blue jersey jinx" which has followed the Cowboys for decades (it worked, the Broncos won 41–20)  The Broncos wore their white jerseys for 1983 home games vs  the Philadelphia Eagles, Los Angeles Raiders and Cincinnati Bengals, but did not wear white at home again for two decades — see next section In 1994, in honor of the 75th anniversary season of the NFL, the Broncos wore their 1965 throwback uniforms for two games—a Week 3 home game against the Raiders, as well a road game at the Buffalo Bills the following week 

1997–2011
The Broncos radically changed their logo and uniforms in 1997, a design that the team continues to use to this day  The new logos and uniforms were unveiled on February 4, 1997  Navy blue replaced royal blue on the team's color scheme  The current logo is a profile of a horse's head, with an orange mane and navy blue outlines  The Broncos' popular live animal mascot Thunder was the inspiration to incorporate a horse-head profile as part of the logo on the team's helmets  During a February 4, 1997, press conference introducing the new logo, the team president and the art director for Nike, who were the creators of the new design, described it as "a powerful horse with a fiery eye and mane "The Broncos began wearing navy blue jerseys, replacing their longtime orange jerseys that had been the team's predominant home jersey color since 1962  This new uniform design features a new word mark, numbering font and a streak that runs up and down the sides of both the jerseys and the pants  On the navy blue jerseys, the streak is orange, with an orange collar and white numerals trimmed in orange, while on the road white jerseys, the streak is navy blue, with a thin orange accent strip on both sides, a navy collar and navy numerals trimmed in orange; the helmet facemasks became navy blue  When they debuted, these uniforms were vilified by the press and fans, until the Broncos won their first-ever Super Bowl in the new design that same season  The navy blue jerseys served as the team's primary home jersey until the end of the 2011 season — see next section In 2002, the Broncos introduced an alternate orange jersey that is a mirror image of the aforementioned navy blue jerseys, but with orange and navy trading places  Like the road white jerseys, the white pants with the navy blue streaks running down the sides are worn with this uniform  This jersey was used only once in the 2002 and 2004 seasons, and were used twice per season from 2008 to 2011  Mike Shanahan, the team's head coach from 1995 to 2008, was not a big fan of the alternate orange jerseys  The Broncos previously wore orange jerseys as a throwback uniform in a Thanksgiving Day game at the Dallas Cowboys in 2001 The team also introduced navy blue pants in 2003, with orange side streaks to match with the navy blue jerseys  Though they were part of the uniform change in 1997 (in fact, they were worn for a couple of 1997 preseason games) and most players wanted to wear them, the only player who vetoed wearing them was John Elway, thereby delaying their eventual introduction  From 2003 to 2011, these pants were primarily used for select prime-time and late-season home games (excluding the 2008 season), and since 2012, are used exclusively with the now-alternate navy blue jerseys — see next section 
On November 16, 2003, the Broncos wore their white jerseys at home for the first time since 1983, in a game vs  the San Diego Chargers  This was compensation for a uniform mix-up, after the teams' first meeting at San Diego's Qualcomm Stadium in Week 2 earlier that season, when the Chargers were the team that was supposed to declare their uniform color  The Chargers were planning to wear their white jerseys, but the visiting Broncos came to the stadium in white, and were fined $25,000 by the NFL as a result  When the two teams met at INVESCO Field at Mile High later that season (Week 11), the NFL allowed the visiting Chargers to choose their uniform color in advance, and they chose navy blue, forcing the Broncos to wear their white jerseys at home In 2009, in honor of their 50th anniversary season as one of the eight original American Football League teams, the Broncos wore their 1960 throwback uniforms (brown helmets, mustard yellow and brown jerseys) for games against two fellow AFL rivals—a Week 5 home game vs  the New England Patriots, as well as the following week at the San Diego Chargers 

2012–present
Beginning in 2012, the orange jerseys that served as the alternate colored jerseys from 2002 to 2011 became the primary home jersey, while the navy blue jerseys that served as the primary home jersey from 1997 to 2011 switched to alternate designation  The change was made due to overwhelming popularity with the fans, who pressured the Broncos to return to orange as the team's primary home jersey color  Since the 2012 uniform change, the team has worn the alternate navy blue jerseys for at least one home game per season, with the exception of 2013, in which the Broncos wore their alternate navy blue uniforms for an October 6, 2013, road game at the Dallas Cowboys, which the Broncos won in a shootout, 51–48  The team will either wear the navy blue or the white pants — with the orange side stripes — to match with the alternate navy blue jerseys  The team initially did not wear the white pants with the orange side stripes, until a November 1, 2015, game vs  the Green Bay Packers, in which the Broncos wore said design in order to match the uniform ensemble that was used during the team's Super Bowl XXXII win over the Packers  On October 30, 2022, the Broncos debuted a new combination of white jerseys and alternate navy blue pants in an NFL London Game at the Jacksonville Jaguars, with mismatched side stripes of navy blue (white jersey) and orange (navy blue pants) As the designated home team in Super Bowl 50, the Broncos — who have a 0–4 Super Bowl record when using their standard orange jerseys — chose to wear their white jerseys as the designated "home" team In 2016, the Broncos' unveiled a new Color Rush uniform, which the team wore for a Thursday Night game at the San Diego Chargers on October 13, 2016  The uniform kit contained the following features: orange pants, which the team wore for the first time since 1979, orange socks and shoes, along with block-style numerals trimmed in navy blue that mirrored the team's 1968–1996 uniform style  Due to the NFL's one-helmet rule implemented in 2013, the helmets remained the same, with the team temporarily replacing the modern primary logo with the throwback "D-horse" logo  The same uniform was used for a Thursday night game against the Indianapolis Colts during the 2017 season and again during a 2018 game against the Pittsburgh Steelers 

Statistics and records
Season-by-season records
Players of note
Current roster
50th Anniversary Team (2009)
The Denver Broncos announced the club's 50th anniversary team on September 15, 2009  The anniversary team was voted on by users at DenverBroncos com from June 6 – September 4, 2009 

Retired numbers
† Note: No  18 was re-issued for Peyton Manning after Tripucka gave his approval; it was used by Manning from the 2012 season until his retirement after the 2015 season  Manning's name was added to the retired number's banner as an honorable mention 

Pro Football Hall of Famers
Ring of Fame
The Broncos have a Ring of Fame on the Level 5 facade of Empower Field at Mile High, which honors the following:

Super Bowl MVPs
Colorado Sports Hall of Fame
Staff and head coaches
Head coaches
The most recent head coach of the Broncos was Nathaniel Hackett  On December 26, 2022, ownership announced that Hackett had been fired after he led the team to a disappointing 4–11 record despite entering the season with high expectations 

Current staff
In the media and popular culture
Tim McKernan, a k a  Barrel Man, began wearing a barrel in 1977 after making a $10 (equivalent to $50 in 2022) bet with his brother, Scott, that by wearing one he could get on television  McKernan won the bet, and the barrel he had painted to look like an Orange Crush soda can became his signature costume, and resulted in him becoming one of the Broncos' most recognized fans and a popular mascot  McKernan died on December 5, 2009 
The animated television show South Park, set in Park County, often mentions the Denver Broncos; show creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone both grew up in Colorado as devout Broncos fans 
In The Simpsons season 5 episode Cape Feare, when the family are to be given new identities, Homer imagines himself as John Elway, scoring a (consolation) touchdown against San Francisco  Conversely, in the 1996 episode "You Only Move Twice", Hank Scorpio gives Homer Simpson the Denver Broncos as a thank-you gift for helping him  However, Homer complains that he wanted to own the Dallas Cowboys, as the Broncos team that just arrived are playing very sloppy football on his front lawn (a reference to the team losing four Super Bowl appearances, three by significant margins including Super Bowl XII against Dallas)  Incidentally, the Broncos were 13–3 in the 1996 season, and won the Super Bowl the next two seasons  Only two seasons later in the Super Bowl-centric episode "Sunday, Cruddy Sunday", Homer chooses Denver as his Super Bowl XXXIII pick over Moe's choice of the Atlanta Falcons  In the episode, "The Bonfire of the Manatees", Homer picks the Broncos to win the Super Bowl over the Seattle Seahawks  The two teams later did play against each other in Super Bowl XLVIII which aired on Fox, the U S  home of The Simpsons; but the result was a Seahawks victory instead 
In the 1979 Mork & Mindy episode "Hold That Mork", Mork's character, played by Robin Williams, became the first male cheerleader in Broncos' history  As a member of the "Pony Express", he trotted out on the field at Mile High Stadium during an actual Broncos' game vs  the New England Patriots on November 11, 1979  The episode aired exactly two weeks later 
Many former Broncos are now in broadcasting, including Shannon Sharpe, Mark Schlereth, Alfred Williams, Tom Jackson, Ed McCaffrey, Brian Griese, David Diaz-Infante, Terrell Davis and Brandon Stokley  Some former Broncos work in radio, KKFN and KDFD in Denver, Colorado 
Former tight end and wide receiver Nate Jackson has written and published two nonfiction books, Slow Getting Up and Fantasy Man  His writing about the NFL has appeared in Slate, Deadspin, The Daily Beast, The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, and BuzzFeed, among others  Jackson also co-hosts the Caveman Poet Society 

Radio and television
The Broncos' flagship radio station is currently KOA, 850AM, a 50,000-watt station owned by iHeartMedia  Dave Logan is the play-by-play announcer, with former Broncos' wide receiver Ed McCaffrey serving as the color commentator beginning in 2012, replacing Brian Griese  Ed McCaffrey was replaced by Rick Lewis  Until 2010, preseason games not selected for airing on national television were shown on KCNC, channel 4, which is a CBS owned-and-operated station, as well as other CBS affiliates around the Rocky Mountain region  On May 26, 2011, the Broncos announced that KUSA channel 9, an NBC affiliate also known as 9NEWS in the Rocky Mountain region, will be the team's new television partner for preseason games In 2011, the Broncos began a partnership with KJMN, 92 1 FM, a leading Spanish language radio station owned by Entravision Communications (EVC)  The partnership also includes broadcasting rights for a half-hour weekly TV show on KCEC, the local Univision affiliate operated by Entravision Communications 
Passage 3:
List of Denver Broncos first-round draft picks
The Denver Broncos are a professional American football team based in Denver, Colorado  They are members of the American Football Conference West Division in the National Football League (NFL)  The franchise was formed on August 14, 1959, to compete in the American Football League (AFL)  The first AFL Draft was held three months later  The last AFL draft the Broncos participated in was the 1966 draft, due to them joining the NFL as part of the AFL–NFL merger on June 8, 1966 The Broncos first participated in the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting, more commonly known as the NFL Draft, in 1967  In the NFL Draft, each NFL franchise annually seeks to add new players to its roster  Teams are ranked in reverse order based on the previous season's record; the worst record picks first, the second-worst picking second and so on  The two exceptions to this order are made for teams that appeared in the previous Super Bowl; the Super Bowl champion always picks 32nd, and the Super Bowl loser always picks 31st   Teams have the option of trading away their picks to other teams for different picks, players, cash, or a combination thereof   Thus, it is not uncommon for a team's actual draft pick to differ from their assigned draft pick, or for a team to have extra or no draft picks in any round due to these trades The Broncos selected Roger LeClerc, a placekicker from Trinity College, in the 1960 AFL Draft  In their first NFL Draft, the Broncos selected Floyd Little, a running back from Syracuse University  The Broncos have selected players from the University of Nebraska, University of Florida, and University of Tennessee three times each, the most from any university in the first-round  The team's most recent selections were Tim Tebow, a quarterback from Florida University and Demaryius Thomas, wide receiver from Georgia Tech  Three selections, Floyd Little, Merlin Olsen and Bob Brown, were enshrined in the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1982 and 2004, respectively  In 1991, Mike Croel became the first Bronco to win the Defensive Rookie of the Year award, receiving 68 out of 82 votes The Broncos' latest first-round pick is University of Alabama cornerback Patrick Surtain II, who they picked 9th overall in the 2021 NFL Draft 

Key
Player selections
Footnotes
a  The Broncos traded their 1965 first-round pick along with defensive tackle Bud McFadin to the Houston Oilers for quarterback Jacky Lee 
b 1 2  On August 15, 1967, the Broncos traded their No  4 overall pick in the 1968 Draft and No  9 overall pick in the 1969 Draft to the San Diego Chargers for quarterback Steve Tensi 
c  On January 28, 1971, the Broncos traded their No  9 overall pick in the 1971 Draft and defensive end Alden Roche to the Green Bay Packers for the No  12 overall pick in the 1971 Draft and quarterback Don Horn 
d  On February 1, 1980, the Broncos traded their No  20 overall pick and a second-round pick in the 1980 Draft along with quarterback Craig Penrose to the New York Jets for quarterback Matt Robinson 
e  The Broncos traded their No  19 overall pick in the 1982 Draft to the Buffalo Bills for the No  21 overall pick and a fourth-round pick in the 1982 Draft 
f  On May 2, 1983, the Broncos traded their No  19 overall pick in the 1984 Draft along with quarterback Mark Herrmann and guard Chris Hinton to the Baltimore Colts for quarterback John Elway 
g  On October 9, 1984, the Broncos traded their No  21 overall pick and third-round pick in 1986 Draft and fifth-round pick in 1987 Draft to the Cincinnati Bengals for the draft rights of Ricky Hunley 
h  On April 23, 1989, the Broncos traded their No  13 overall pick in the 1989 Draft to the Cleveland Browns for the No  20 overall, second, fifth, and ninth-round picks in the 1989 Draft 
i  On July 7, 1989, the Broncos selected Bobby Humphrey in the 1989 Supplemental Draft; as a result, they forfeited their rights to a first-round pick in 1990 Draft 
j  The Broncos traded their No  14 overall pick and a third-round pick in the 1993 Draft to the Cleveland Browns for the No  11 overall pick 
k  On August 23, 1993, the Broncos traded their No  18 overall pick and sixth-round pick in the 1994 draft and a second-round pick in the 1995 draft to the Minnesota Vikings for offensive tackle Gary Zimmerman 
l  On April 24, 1994, the Broncos traded a third-round selection in the 1994 Draft and a first-round pick in the 1995 Draft to the Atlanta Falcons for wide receiver Mike Pritchard and a seventh-round pick in the 1995 Draft 
m  On April 12, 2000, the Broncos traded their No  10 overall pick in the 2000 Draft to the Baltimore Ravens for the No  15 overall pick and a second-round pick in the 2000 Draft 
n  On April 9, 2004, the Broncos traded No  24 overall pick in the 2004 Draft along with cornerback Deltha O'Neal and a fourth-round pick to the Cincinnati Bengals for the No  17 overall pick 
o  On April 19, 2005, the Broncos traded their No  25 overall pick in the 2005 Draft to the Washington Redskins for a third-round pick in the 2005 Draft, No  22 overall and fourth-round picks in the 2006 Draft 
p  On March 21, 2006, the Broncos traded their No  29 overall pick along with a third-round pick in the 2006 Draft and fourth-round pick in the 2007 Draft to the Atlanta Falcons for the No  15 overall pick On April 19, 2006, the Broncos traded their No  22 overall pick to the San Francisco 49ers for second and third-round picks On April 29, 2006, the Broncos traded their No  15 overall pick to the St  Louis Rams for the No  11 overall pick and a third-round pick in the 2006 Draft 
q  On April 28, 2007, the Broncos traded their No  21 overall pick along with a third and sixth-round picks to the Jacksonville Jaguars for the No  17 overall pick 
r  On April 2, 2009, the Broncos traded quarterback Jay Cutler and a fifth-round pick in the 2009 Draft to the Chicago Bears for the No  18 overall pick in the 2009 Draft along with a third-round pick in the 2009 Draft and a first-round pick in the 2010 Draft 
s  On April 22, 2010, the Patriots traded this selection to the Broncos for a first-round selection (24th overall; traded to Dallas, who selected Dez Bryant) and a fourth-round selection it acquired from San Francisco (113th overall; New England selected Aaron Hernandez) 
t  On April 22, 2010, the Ravens traded this selection to the Broncos for a second-round selection it acquired from Miami (43rd overall; Baltimore selected Sergio Kindle), a third-round selection it acquired from Philadelphia (70th overall; Baltimore selected Ed Dickson), and a fourth-round selection (114th overall; Baltimore selected Dennis Pitta) 
Passage 4:
Campbell Field (Colorado)
Campbell Field, officially Marv Kay Stadium at Harry D  Campbell Field, is an American college football stadium located in Golden, Colorado  The stadium serves as the home field of the Colorado Mines Orediggers football team representing the Colorado School of Mines  Campbell Field is one of the oldest football fields in existence, the oldest west of the Mississippi River and the oldest in NCAA Division II   Originally it was a dirt surface all-purpose athletic field in exactly its current configuration, built within a clay pit, a fitting mined-out home for the Orediggers   Its first athletic contest, held on May 20, 1893, was the first annual Colorado Inter-Collegiate Athletic Association Field Day, featuring many athletic contests between the University of Colorado, Colorado A&M, Colorado School of Mines, and the University of Denver, in which Mines claimed the most medals   Its first football game took place on October 7, 1893, a 6-0 Mines victory over the University of Denver   It has been home to the football Orediggers through all but the first five seasons of their existence (their previous home were the now-destroyed grounds at the southeast corner of 19th and Illinois streets in Golden), and has been renovated several times throughout its existence   The field was originally called Athletic Park, renamed Brooks Field after Mines trustee and benefactor Ralph D  Brooks in 1922, and renamed Campbell Field after 1939 undefeated team member and benefactor Harry D  Campbell in 2010   Campbell Field is the oldest football field in the west, the oldest in NCAA Division II football and the 5th oldest college football field in the nation 

Renovations
Historic photographs show Brooks Field as a dirt surface, without grandstands and surrounded by a board fence   Despite such conditions it is known to have hosted crowds of spectators, who could have used nearby slopes to view games from   Later early wooden grandstands were added to the park   In 1922 and 1924 the current grandstands were built by noted local builder William "Cement Bill" Williams   This featured wooden bench seats upon a steel superstructure, with home and visiting locker rooms, public restrooms and refreshment stand beneath   In 1922 the dirt surface was converted to natural grass, part of which was scraped back to dirt surface for a baseball diamond during season each year   Originally home also to the CSM baseball team, it became a primarily football facility in 1937 after baseball was moved to Darden Field just to the west   During the 1930s a Federal Emergency Relief Administration project scooped out the slopes at the west side of Brooks Field to make room to construct a track around the surface, and it has hosted track and field events since   Around the 1980s the grandstands were renovated to cover most wooden benches with metal surfaces and create a central concourse, along with steps down to the field level   In 2010, the field was converted to its third surface, synthetic turf   Plans are underway to replace the 90-year-old grandstands and update the historic field to a state-of-the-art Division II athletic facility, expanding its capacity to 5,000, to be rechristened Marv Kay Stadium at Campbell Field 

Notable Events
Campbell Field has hosted many notable athletes and teams over its many years of play   Although missing out on the legendary 103-0 victory of the Orediggers over the University of Colorado in 1890 as well as their first Colorado Football Association championship in 1891, it has hosted 14 championship football teams and more:

Campbell Field hosted the latter part of the Orediggers' 18-game football winning streak against collegiate teams that spanned from 1888–1894 
The 3rd perfect and 4th unbeaten season of the football Orediggers took place here in its inaugural season in 1893 (5-0-0, CFA Champions) 
Campbell Field hosted the latter half of the football Orediggers' streak of 6 winning seasons from 1888–1894 
CSM's earliest known football loss at Campbell Field took place in 1894 to the University of Colorado (a 20-0 shutout) 
The first live televised football game in the Rocky Mountain region took place here on November 1, 1952, a game between the Orediggers and Idaho State University 
The first live nationally televised football game in the Rocky Mountain region took place here on November 15, 1952, a game between the Orediggers and Colorado College 
The first football playoff game at Campbell Field took place on November 13, 2004 as the Orediggers beat Midwestern State University 

Notable people
Baltimore Colts (held training camp here in 1970)
Leroy Taylor Brown, Olympic silver medalist, men's high jump, Paris 1924 (trained here as Mines graduate student prior to Olympics)
Dutch Clark, Pro football hall of fame (football coach at Mines in 1933)
Dallas Cowboys (held training camp here in the 1970s)
Denver Broncos (held training camp here from 1960–1963)
Chad Friehauf, 2004 Harlon Hill Trophy winner (Mines quarterback)
Roy Hartzell, Major League Baseball utility player, St  Louis Browns, New York Highlanders/Yankees (played semipro ball for Golden Reds here)
Albert E  Jones, Major League Baseball pitcher, Cleveland Spiders, St  Louis Perfectos/Cardinals (played semipro ball for Golden Reds here)
Jack Liddle, Olympic runner, Berlin 1936 (trained here as Mines student prior to Olympics)
Lloyd Madden, National Football League player, Chicago Cardinals (played here as Mines student)
Mark Melancon, Major League Baseball pitcher, New York Yankees, Houston Astros, Boston Red Sox (played here as Golden High School football player)
Elwood Romney, Brigham Young University hall of fame basketball player and All-American, cousin of Mitt Romney (coached freshman football 1936–1939)

Championship Football Teams
The Orediggers have fielded 16 football champion teams within over a century of play:
1891 – Colorado Football Association Champions^1892 – Colorado Football Association Champions^1893 – Colorado Football Association Champions1897 – State Inter-Collegiate League Champions1898 – Colorado Football Association Champions1904 – Colorado Football Association Champions1906 – Colorado Football Association Champions1907 – Colorado Football Association Champions1912 – Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference Champions1914 – Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference Champions1918 – Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference Champions1939 – Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference Champions1942 – Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference Champions1951 – Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference Champions1958 – Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference Co-Champions2004 – Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference Champions2010 – Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference Co-Champions
^Orediggers played at original grounds south of the Mines campus in these seasons
Passage 5:
Rocky Mountain Thunder
The Indoor Professional Football League (IPFL) was the new incarnation of the Professional Indoor Football League (PIFL), which started in 1998   Two of its teams (the Madison Mad Dogs and the Green Bay Bombers) left the league and their owner, Kerry Ecklund, founded the Indoor Football League in 1999   The IPFL led a troubled three-year existence, and died after its 2001 season, with its most successful teams joining up with the National Indoor Football League 
The IPFL was unique among indoor football leagues in that it sanctioned the use of a white football, manufactured by Rawlings, which was easier to see in the artificial lighting conditions  The league's slogan was "Great Football, No Gimmicks" 
In 1999, IPFL was headed by a new commissioner, Mike Storen, and the league offices were moved to Atlanta 

IPFL 1999 teams
Before the Pro Indoor Football League folded, the league was looking into replacing the two folded franchises of Minnesota and Texas and expanding the league back to 8 teams, or even beyond, to 10 or 12, for what was supposed to be its second season   However, the league took a major hit when Madison and Green Bay left the league to form a new league called the Indoor Football League  This left the league with only four teams: Honolulu, Utah, Colorado and Louisiana  The Utah Catzz soon folded as well, leading to the demise of the Pro Indoor Football League  The Pro Indoor Football League was re-formed as the Indoor Professional Football League and the three remaining clubs from the old league; the Hawaii Hammerheads (formerly Honolulu Hurricanes), the Rocky Mountain (Colorado Springs) Thunder (formerly Colorado (Denver) Wildcats) and the Louisiana Bayou Beast were joined by three new franchises in Boise, Idaho; Biloxi, Mississippi; and Austin, Texas  The league was going to have 8 clubs, but the Arizona (Tucson) Mirage and the Syracuse Blitz folded 
Texas Terminators, 12-4
Hawaii Hammerheads, 10-6
Mississippi Fire Dogs, 9-7
Idaho Stallions, 6-10
Louisiana Bayou Beast, 6-10
Rocky Mountain Thunder, 5-11

IPFL 2000 teams
During the off season, the Indoor Professional Football League saw major changes with the loss of three of its charter franchises: Rocky Mountain, Hawaii and Texas  However, the league saw the addition of four new franchises with the fourth new addition expanding the league beyond six franchises  The new clubs were Shreveport-Bossier City, Portland (OR), Omaha and Mobile  The Indoor Professional Football League approved the relocation of the Baton Rouge-based Louisiana Bayou Beast to Alexandria, Louisiana and announced the team would be known as the Louisiana Rangers  The Bayou Beast's relocation to Alexandria left the league with no club still remaining in its city that it started operations in  Mississippi defeated Portland in the championship 
Portland Prowlers, 11-5
Mississippi Fire Dogs, 11-5
Omaha Beef, 8-8
Mobile Seagulls, 8-8
Louisiana Rangers, 9-7
Idaho Stallions, 5-11
Shreveport-Bossier Bombers, 5-11The Fort Wayne Safari was announced as an expansion team for the 2002 season, which never occurred 

IPFL 2001 teams
Championships
By year
By team
Passage 6:
Pat Bowlen
Patrick Dennis Bowlen (February 18, 1944 – June 13, 2019) was a Canadian–American lawyer, executive and the majority owner of the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL), winning three Super Bowls  He was inducted in the Pro Football Hall of Fame for the class of 2019  Bowlen owned other professional sports franchises in the Denver Colorado Area  Bowlen served as the Broncos CEO from 1984 until July 2014, when he stepped down as Broncos' CEO due to the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease 

Early life
Bowlen was born in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin to American mother Arvella (née Woods) and Canadian father Paul Dennis Bowlen, who became a millionaire in the Canadian oil business, founding Regent Drilling as a wildcatter  The oil company is now owned by his brother John  Bowlen was Catholic and spent his childhood in Alberta  He then attended Campion High School, a Catholic Jesuit boarding school in his native Wisconsin  Bowlen later earned degrees in business (1965) and law (1968) from the University of Oklahoma  During his time at Oklahoma he played for the Oklahoma Sooners freshman football team as a wide receiver, as well as for the Edmonton Huskies junior football team, where he was part of three Canadian Junior Football League Championship teams from 1962 to 1964 The younger Bowlen became wealthier by becoming a successful lawyer in Edmonton, Alberta  Bowlen also worked as an executive for his father's company and as a real estate developer and had major investments in the mining industry  During his business career in Edmonton his construction company, Batoni-Bowlen Enterprises, built the Northlands Coliseum, which would become home to the WHA/NHL's Edmonton Oilers for 42 years 
Bowlen was an initiated member of the Pi Kappa Alpha International Fraternity  Bowlen was initiated by the University of Oklahoma, Beta Omicron chapter in 1963  Bowlen received bar admission in 1969 and was a member of the Law Society of Alberta and the Canadian Bar Association 

Denver Broncos ownership
Bowlen bought a majority interest in the Denver Broncos of the National Football League in March of 1984 from Vancouver industrialist Edgar Kaiser Jr  The purchase price was said to be $70 million, making the Broncos the highest-priced franchise in the league at the time From 1999 to 2008, Bowlen and the Broncos were involved in several legal battles against former owner Edgar Kaiser Jr  In 1998, Bowlen agreed to sell retired football legend John Elway a share in the team  When Bowlen let the existence of the offer slip out to Kaiser while both were at the 1999 Bohemian Grove, Kaiser sued, claiming a breach of contract  Kaiser asserted that he had the right of first refusal if any deal was made involving franchise ownership  In 2004, a jury ruled in favor of Kaiser and a federal judge decreed that Kaiser was entitled to purchase back 10% of the Broncos using the identical purchase terms offered to Elway  Bowlen appealed the original verdict that ruled in favor of Kaiser and won in 2008, as the appellate court ruled that the structure of the Bowlen-Elway deal did not violate the original right of first refusal agreement On December 30, 2008, Broncos head coach and Vice President of Football Operations Mike Shanahan was fired by Bowlen after a 14-year tenure as the head coach  Bowlen stated he wanted his team to go in a different direction  Bowlen searched for a new head coach over a two-week period and eventually chose Josh McDaniels, who at the time was the offensive coordinator of the New England Patriots  Subsequently, after a losing streak in the 2010 season, McDaniels was fired as head coach of the Broncos  On February 12, 2009, Bowlen appointed Brian Xanders as the team's sole general manager and fired Jim and Jeff Goodman 
Within two weeks of the end of the 2010-11 regular season, Bowlen and the Broncos had hired former Carolina Panthers' coach John Fox to be their new head coach  Although Bowlen had discussions with Fox before the hiring, new front-office executive John Elway was mostly responsible for the hiring  By late 2009, rumors had begun to emerge that Bowlen had stepped out of the spotlight because of short-term memory loss  He told The Denver Post columnist Woody Paige that his memory wasn't what it used to be and that he couldn't recall details of the Broncos back-to-back Super Bowl titles in the late 1990s  Starting in 2010, Bowlen no longer played a major role in the Broncos' decision making, and Executive VP John Elway and President Joe Ellis assumed control  On July 23, 2014, due to complications with Alzheimer's disease, he officially relinquished control of the team to Joe Ellis On November 1, 2015, Bowlen was inducted into the Broncos' Ring of Fame, earning him a bronze plaque that stands on the south side of Empower Field at Mile High After Bowlen acquired the team in 1984, the Broncos briefly held the highest winning percentage of any franchise in the National Football League (334 wins, 212 losses, and 1 tie, for a  612 winning percentage), passing the San Francisco 49ers after the 2015 season  At the time of Bowlen's death, the New England Patriots had surpassed that figure 

Colorado Crush ownership
Besides being owner and CEO of the Broncos, Bowlen was also part-owner of the Arena Football League's Colorado Crush  He shared ownership with Denver-based sports mogul Stan Kroenke and legendary Broncos quarterback John Elway  The Crush entered the AFL as an expansion franchise in 2003  After going through a 2–14 season in 2003, the team became a perennial playoff contender and one of the league's top franchises  The Crush won the Arena Football League Championship in 2005 

Denver Outlaws ownership
In 2006, Major League Lacrosse decided to expand adding the Denver Outlaws to its league of teams  The Denver Outlaws have been the most winning franchise that Bowlen has ever owned, boasting a regular-season win percentage of 69 0% since their creation  The Outlaws have been to the playoffs every year of their existence except one (2015) and advanced to the championship game eight times (2006, 2008, 2009, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2017, and 2018), winning the championship in 2014, 2016, and 2018 

Philanthropy
Bowlen was a member of the University of Denver Board of Trustees and contributed to the funding of the Pat Bowlen Athletic Training Center located on the school's campus  He also contributed significantly to the local Denver Boys & Girls Club chapters 

Awards and honors
Inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame (class of 2019)
Three-time Super Bowl champion (as owner of the Denver Broncos)
ArenaBowl XIX champion (as part owner of the Colorado Crush)
Three-time Steinfeld Cup champion (as owner of the Denver Outlaws)
Broncos Ring of Fame (class of 2015)
Colorado Business Hall of Fame (class of 2015)

Death
On June 13, 2019, Bowlen died of a pulmonary embolism  Under terms set prior to Bowlen's death, Joe Ellis led a three-person trust representing his estate  Bowlen's intent was for his seven children to inherit the franchise, though he did not specify which of them would have first right 



ground_truth: due to the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: SR connector is based on the connector that is often used for what type of cable?

The following are given passages.
Context 4: 

Domestic and U19 career
He made his Twenty20 debut for Band-e-Amir Dragons in the 2017 Shpageeza Cricket League on 14 September 2017  Prior to his T20 debut, he was part of Afghanistan's squad for the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup  He also scored an unbeaten century in the final of the 2017 ACC Under-19 Asia Cup and helped Afghanistan to win their maiden ACC Under-19 Cup title In December 2017, he was named in Afghanistan's squad for the 2018 Under-19 Cricket World Cup He made his first-class debut for Speen Ghar Region in the 2018 Ahmad Shah Abdali 4-day Tournament on 1 March 2018  He made his List A debut for Speen Ghar Region in the 2018 Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament on 10 July 2018 In September 2018, he was named in Balkh's squad in the first edition of the Afghanistan Premier League tournament 

International career
In December 2018, he was named in Afghanistan's under-23 team for the 2018 ACC Emerging Teams Asia Cup In February 2019, he was named in Afghanistan's Test and One Day International (ODI) squads for their series against Ireland in India  He made his ODI debut for Afghanistan against Ireland on 2 March 2019  He made his Test debut for Afghanistan against Ireland on 15 March 2019 On 6 June 2019, he was added to Afghanistan's squad for the 2019 Cricket World Cup  He replaced Mohammad Shahzad, who was ruled out of the tournament due to a knee injury 
Passage 6:
Arif Khan (cricketer)
Arif Khan (born 5 June 2001) is an Afghan cricketer  He made his List A debut for Band-e-Amir Region in the 2017 Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament on 10 August 2017  He made his Twenty20 debut for Band-e-Amir Dragons in the 2017 Shpageeza Cricket League on 17 September 2017  He made his first-class debut for Speen Ghar Region in the 2017–18 Ahmad Shah Abdali 4-day Tournament on 7 November 2017 
Passage 7:
Muslim Musa
Muslim Musa (born 15 January 1997) is an Afghan cricketer  He made his List A debut for Amo Region in the 2017 Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament on 10 August 2017  Before his List A debut, he was part of Afghanistan's squad for the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup He made his Twenty20 debut for Band-e-Amir Dragons in the 2017 Shpageeza Cricket League on 12 September 2017  He made his first-class debut for Speen Ghar Region in the 2017–18 Ahmad Shah Abdali 4-day Tournament on 20 October 2017 In September 2018, he was named in Kabul's squad in the first edition of the Afghanistan Premier League tournament 
Passage 8:
Band-e-Amir Dragons
Band-e-Amir Dragons (Pashto: بند امير ښاماران Band-e-Amīr Khāmārān / Shāmārān; Dari: بند امیر شاماران) or Band-e-Amir Region is one of eight regional first-class cricket teams in Afghanistan  In the 2017 Shpageeza team auction, the Band-e-Amir Dragons team was bought by Paragon Business Group, a Finance and investment company, and it will play as the Paragon Band-e-Amir Dragons in this competition  The Region represents the following provinces in the centre of Afghanistan: Ghazni, Bamyan, Daykundi, and Maidan Wardak  The team is named after Band-e Amir, a series of six deep blue lakes in Bamyan Province 
Band-e-Amir Region compete in the Ahmad Shah Abdali 4-day Tournament, which has had first-class status from 2017 onwards  In October 2017, they lost their opening fixture of the tournament, against Mis Ainak Region, by 262 runs They also play in the Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament, which was granted List A status from 2017  and the Afghan Shpageeza Cricket League Twenty20 competition (which has Twenty20 status from 2017) using the name Band-e-Amir Dragons 
Passage 9:
Shahidullah (cricketer)
Shahidullah (born 6 February 1999) is an Afghan cricketer  He made his List A debut for Afghanistan A against Zimbabwe A during their tour to Zimbabwe on 27 January 2017  Prior to his List A debut, he was named in Afghanistan's squad for the 2014 Under-19 Cricket World Cup  He made his international debut for the Afghanistan cricket team in March 2021 

Career
Shahidullah made his Twenty20 debut for Band-e-Amir Dragons in the 2017 Shpageeza Cricket League on 12 September 2017  He made his first-class debut for Mis Ainak Region in the 2017–18 Ahmad Shah Abdali 4-day Tournament on 19 November 2017  He was the leading run-scorer for Mis Ainak Region in the 2018 Ahmad Shah Abdali 4-day Tournament, with 663 runs in eight matches In September 2018, Shahidullah was named in Kabul's squad in the first edition of the Afghanistan Premier League tournament  In December 2018, he was named in Afghanistan's under-23 team for the 2018 ACC Emerging Teams Asia Cup In August 2019, Shahidullah was named in Afghanistan's Twenty20 International (T20I) squad for the 2019–20 Bangladesh Tri-Nation Series  In November 2019, he was named in Afghanistan's squad for the 2019 ACC Emerging Teams Asia Cup in Bangladesh  In February 2021, he was named in Afghanistan's Test squad for their series against Zimbabwe  He made his Test debut for Afghanistan, against Zimbabwe, on 10 March 2021 In July 2021, Shahidullah was named in Afghanistan's One Day International (ODI) squad for their series against Pakistan  In January 2022, he was named in Afghanistan's ODI squad for their series against the Netherlands in Qatar  He made his ODI debut on 21 January 2022, for Afghanistan against the Netherlands 
Passage 10:
Javeed Khan
Javeed Khan is an Afghan cricketer  He made his Twenty20 debut for Band-e-Amir Dragons in the 2017 Shpageeza Cricket League on 21 September 2017 



ground_truth: coaxial