prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Who won more awards, Brothers Quay or Jake Kasdan?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Bad Teacher
Bad Teacher is a 2011 American comedy film directed by Jake Kasdan from a screenplay by Lee Eisenberg and Gene Stupnitsky  Starring Cameron Diaz, Justin Timberlake, Lucy Punch, John Michael Higgins and Jason Segel, the film tells the story of a lazy  middle school teacher who hates her job, her students, and her co-workers but returns to teaching after her wealthy fiancé dumps her  Bad Teacher was released in the United States on June 24, 2011, by Columbia Pictures  It grossed $216 2 million 

Plot
Elizabeth Halsey is a lazy, immoral, manipulative, gold-digging teacher at John Adams Middle School in Chicago who curses at her students, drinks heavily, smokes marijuana and lets her kids watch movies so she can sleep through class  She plans to quit teaching and marry her wealthy fiancé, but he dumps her when his mother shows him that Elizabeth is only after his money, so she resumes her job  She tries to win over wealthy substitute teacher Scott Delacorte  Her dedicated and enthusiastic colleague Amy Squirrel also pursues him while Elizabeth rejects advances from the school's gym teacher, Russell Gettis 
Elizabeth plans to have her breasts enlarged and becomes more motivated to do so upon learning Scott's ex-girlfriend had large breasts  However, she cannot afford the $9,300 procedure  Elizabeth attempts to raise money for the surgery through the 7th-grade car wash, wearing provocative clothing and manipulating parents to give her money for more school supplies and tutoring, but her efforts are not enough  Amy informs the principal about Elizabeth's embezzlement, but he dismisses her claims when no evidence is provided  Scott also admits that he is attracted to Amy and only likes Elizabeth as a friend 
Discovering that the teacher of the class with the highest state test scores will receive a $5,700 bonus, Elizabeth decides to change her style of teaching, forcing the class to intensely study To Kill a Mockingbird for the test  However, since it is late in the school year, combined with her unorthodox teaching methods, the students score low on the book quizzes, further frustrating her  Meanwhile, she befriends Russell, as Amy and Scott start dating 
Elizabeth plans to steal the state test answers by impersonating a journalist and seducing Carl Halabi, a state professor in charge of creating and distributing the exams  She convinces Carl to go into his office to have sex, but drugs him and steals the answer key  A month later Elizabeth wins the bonus, completing her needed funds, and books her breast enlargement 
When Elizabeth learns that Amy and Scott are chaperoning an upcoming field trip, she smears an apple with poison ivy and leaves it for Amy, who ends up with blisters covering her face and cannot go  On the trip, Elizabeth seduces Scott  They dry hump and Elizabeth secretly leaves Amy a message through Scott's phone, recording all the action  However, Scott's ever-changing ideals disappoint Elizabeth  After her student Garrett is taunted by his classmates for confessing to an unrequited attraction to a superficial girl in the class named Chase, Elizabeth consoles him and helps make him popular, which prompts her to begin reflecting on her own superficial ways 
Back at the school, Amy switches Elizabeth's desk with her own to trick the janitor into unlocking Elizabeth's sealed drawer  The evidence Amy finds leads her to suspect Elizabeth cheated on the state exam  Amy informs the principal and gets Carl to testify against her  However, Elizabeth took embarrassing photos of Carl while he was drugged and uses them to blackmail him to say she is innocent  Having been informed that her desk was switched, Elizabeth states that teachers in the school use drugs  When the police bring a sniffer dog to search the school, they find Elizabeth's mini liquor bottles, marijuana and OxyContin pills in Amy's classroom, in Elizabeth's desk, leading to Amy getting arrested and transferred to another school by the superintendent  Scott asks Elizabeth to start over, but she rejects him in favor of Russell, having learned they have a lot in common 
When the new school year starts, Elizabeth has reformed  She is kinder to her co-workers, and has started a relationship with Russell, and did not get her breasts enlarged because she feels that it is unnecessary  Elizabeth also has a new position as the new guidance counselor 

Cast
Production
Bad Teacher is directed by Jake Kasdan based on a screenplay by Lee Eisenberg and Gene Stupnitsky  Columbia Pictures purchased Eisenberg and Stupnitsky's spec script in August 2008  In May 2009, Kasdan was hired to direct Bad Teacher  The following December, Cameron Diaz was cast in the film's lead role  Justin Timberlake was cast opposite Diaz in March 2010, and filming began later in the month 

Release
Box office
The film grossed $100 3 million in the U S  and Canada, while its worldwide total stands at $216 2 million The film was released in North America on June 20, 2011, in 3,049 theaters  It took in $12,243,987—$4,016 per theater—in its opening day, and grossed a total of $31,603,106 in its opening weekend, finishing second at the box office, behind Cars 2  In Germany, the film reached No  1 on the country's Cinema Charts in its opening week after 496,000 people saw the film  This caused Kung Fu Panda 2, which reached No  1 the week before, to fall to No  2 

Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 45% based on 192 reviews and a rating average of 5 3/10  The site's critical consensus reads, "In spite of a promising concept and a charmingly brazen performance from Cameron Diaz, Bad Teacher is never as funny as it should be " Metacritic gave the film a score of 47 out of 100 based on 38 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews"  CinemaScore polls reported that moviegoers gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale 

Accolades
Home media
Bad Teacher was released on DVD, Blu-ray, and a combo pack on October 18, 2011 

Possible sequel and TV series
On June 20, 2013, Sony announced that it was working on Bad Teacher 2  The company hired Justin Malen to write the sequel  Lee Eisenberg and Gene Stupnitsky, who wrote the first film, will return as producers  A release from Sony studios said the project is "being developed for Cameron Diaz to star in the film, but no deal is yet set with the actress " Jake Kasdan will again be the director On May 23, 2013, CBS announced a TV series based on the movie, with CBS Studios and Sony Pictures Television as production partners  The show premiered on April 24, 2014, in the 9:30pm time slot  Ari Graynor played the Cameron Diaz role, while Sara Gilbert, Ryan Hansen, David Alan Grier, Kristin Davis and Sara Rodier also appeared  On May 10, 2014, CBS canceled Bad Teacher after airing only three episodes  Bad Teacher last aired during the spring TV season on May 22, 2014  However, in July 2014, CBS burned off the remaining unseen episodes by showing two episodes on Saturday nights 
Passage 2:
Pilot (New Girl)
"Pilot" is the first episode of the first season of New Girl  The episode was written by Elizabeth Meriwether, and directed by Jake Kasdan  The episode first aired on Fox in the United States on September 20, 2011 to positive reviews 

Plot
The show begins with Jessica "Jess" Day talking to her friend Cece, a model, about seducing her boyfriend by coming home early and stripping down for him  While talking to Cece on the phone, we hear that she is naked in the back of the cab wearing a big trench coat  When asked what her stripper name will be, she replies 'Rebecca Johnson', then 'Two Boobs Johnson', and later 'Tiger Boobs'  Jess comes home and her boyfriend Spencer is shocked to see her there, but he is cheating on her with another woman who comes out of the bedroom while Jess is attempting a striptease with pillows and bows  While doing a mediocre job on seducing him (taking off the trench coat and doing "sexy stuff' to various objects), the girl comes out and Jess is shocked  Now she lives with three single men (whom she found on Craigslist and thought they were women) called Nick, Schmidt and Coach in an apartment  During most of the week she lives there, she begins to have mood swings about her break up such as watching Dirty Dancing  Her roommates are sick of it and invite her to a bar to find a man on the rebound  She ends up on a date but her date bails on her and he goes to the same party as her roommates are at  They all go to the restaurant and cheer Jess up by singing "(I've Had) The Time of My Life" proving that they do care about her as a friend 

Production
The episode was written by Elizabeth Meriwether, and directed by Jake Kasdan  The episode first aired on Fox in the United States on September 20, 2011  Speaking of the show Zooey Deschanel claimed that her character in New Girl resembles a younger version of herself  She said "I think Jess as a person, and the way that her personality is, has some of myself and especially some of my younger self," she suggested  "[She resembles] my 13-year-old self " Deschanel added that Jess will explore her lost youth after she is dumped by her long-term boyfriend  "I have to find a new support system, so I'm basically living my 20s as I approach my 30s," she explained 

Reception
When the episode was first broadcast it pulled in more viewers than its lead in, the Fox comedy-drama Glee for the episode "The Purple Piano Project", which brought in 8 9m (5 4) in the 8:00 p m  hour, after which New Girl launched with 10 1m (4 7) 

Accolades
Jake Kasdan was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series for this episode 
Passage 3:
The Piano Tuner of Earthquakes
The Piano Tuner of Earthquakes is a 2005 animated drama film by the Brothers Quay, featuring Amira Casar, Gottfried John, Assumpta Serna and Cesar Sarachu  It was the second feature-length film by the Brothers Quay and their first film in over ten years 

Plot
A 19th-century opera singer is murdered on-stage shortly before her forthcoming wedding  Soon after being slain by the nefarious Dr  Emmanuel Droz during a live performance, Malvina van Stille is spirited away to the inventor's remote villa to be reanimated and forced to play the lead in a grim production staged to recreate her abduction  As the time for the performance draws near, piano tuner of earthquakes Felisberto sets out to activate the seven essential automata who dot the dreaded doctor's landscape and make sure all the essential elements are in place  Once again instilled with life after her brief stay in the afterworld, amnesiac Malvina is soon drawn to the mysterious Felisberto as a result of his uncanny resemblance to her one-time fiancé Adolfo 

See also
List of stop-motion films

External links
The Piano Tuner of Earthquakes at Metacritic
The Piano Tuner of Earthquakes at Rotten Tomatoes
The Piano Tuner of Earthquakes' at MovieScore Media
The Piano Tuner of Earthquakes at IMDb
The Piano Tuner of Earthquakes at AllMovie
Catsoulis, Jeannette (17 November 2006)  "Film in Review: The Piano Tuner of Earthquakes"  The New York Times  Retrieved 1 January 2018 
Passage 4:
Sex Tape (film)
Sex Tape is a 2014 American sex comedy film directed by Jake Kasdan and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing  It was written by Jason Segel, Nicholas Stoller, and Kate Angelo and stars Segel, Cameron Diaz, Rob Corddry, Ellie Kemper, and Rob Lowe  Its story follows a married couple who make a sex tape to spice up their relationship only to wake up the next morning to find that it has gone missing  This sparks a frantic search in an attempt to find it 
The film was produced by Columbia Pictures and was released on July 18, 2014  It grossed $14 6 million in its opening weekend and $126 1 million worldwide, against a budget of $40 million  It received generally negative reviews 

Plot
Jay and Annie Hargrove are a married couple who used to have sex at every opportunity  Now, after having two kids, they rarely are intimate  
Getting her mother to keep the kids overnight, the couple try roleplaying and trying having sex in less orthodox parts of the house, but then Jay struggles to get an erection  So, Annie suggests making a sex tape and they film themselves having sex in every position listed in The Joy of Sex on his tablet 
When done, Annie asks Jay to delete the recording to be safe, but an application on the tablet ends up instead inadvertently synchronizing the video to several iPads he had given away over time  After failing to get it out of the cloud, they set out to get back all of the gifted iPads, leading to a series of awkward encounters and close calls 
The couple relatively easily manage to delete the video on both her mother's and their son's tablets  Their close friends, Robbie and Tess, invite them in and then Annie and Jay end up having to explain themselves  Their friends, without any real plans, tag along as they seek the tablets  
Their most challenging recovery of a tablet is from the house of Annie's potential boss, Hank Rosenbaum  Under the guise of seeking money for a charity, Annie distracts him while Jay searches the house for the tablet  In the process, she tries cocaine for the first time and Jay battles with Hank's German shepherd  
In the end, Robbie and Tess are the ones who get it back 
After collecting the iPads and deleting the videos, their friend's son, Howard, threatens to upload a copy of their sex tape to YouPorn unless they give him $25,000  After failing to get the money, they break into the YouPorn headquarters and begin to destroy their web servers  
The couple's plan is quickly thwarted when an alarm sounds  The owner, his guards and his wife confront them and threaten to call the police  However, after explaining it was to protect their family, their two young  children come out  The owner's wife convinces him to take pity on them, so he agrees not to do so in exchange for $15,000 to cover the damage  Removing their video, he explains that all they had to do to have a video removed was send him an e-mail request to do so 
After they have deleted all videos, Howard comes over to the house and gives Jay the only remaining copy of the video on a USB flash drive  This is in exchange for being allowed to hang out with their son, Clive, since he is his only friend 
As the film comes to a close, Jay and Annie decide to watch the video once themselves  Afterwards, they take the USB flash drive and go outside to smash it with a hammer, blend it, burn it with fire, and bury the remains 

Cast
Production
Development
Sony Pictures acquired the script in June 2011, which was based on an original story created by Kate Angelo  Nicholas Stoller was in early talks to direct but eventually backed out with Jake Kasdan instead directing the picture   Before Diaz signed on, Reese Witherspoon, Amy Adams, Emily Blunt, Rose Byrne, and Jennifer Garner were all considered for the female lead Principal photography began on September 12, 2013, in Newton, Massachusetts  Hank's house is situated in the western Greater Boston suburb of Weston 

Release
On March 17, 2014, the first poster and some photos from the film were released, followed by a red band trailer on April 2, 2014, and a green band trailer on April 24, 2014  On June 5, Sony UK released an international trailer of the film On May 30, 2014, the film's release date was pushed up from July 25, 2014 to July 18 On June 19, a final red band trailer was released, which was attached theatrically with the Melissa McCarthy comedy Tammy 

Indian censorship
The Examining Committee of the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) in India rejected its first version of the film  After some changes, they accepted the film and it was released in the country on August 29, 2014 

Box office
At the end of its box office run, Sex Tape earned a gross of $38 5 million in the US and Canada and $87 5 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $126 1 million against a budget of $40 million The film was released in 2,457 theaters in North America and earned $1 1 million in its opening Thursday evening showings  In its opening weekend, the film grossed $14 6 million, finishing in fourth behind Dawn of the Planet of the Apes ($36 2 million), as well as newcomers The Purge: Anarchy ($29 8 million) and Planes: Fire & Rescue ($17 5 million) The film topped the UK box office in its opening weekend with a gross of £1 43 million  It dropped to number 4 in its second week grossing £673,478  The film opened at #1 in markets like Bulgaria, Netherlands, Slovenia in their respective opening weekend  The biggest market in other territories being Germany, United Kingdom, Australia, where the film earned a gross of $12 14 million, $7 14 million and $6 9 million respectively 

Critical response
Rotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, reports that 16% of 157 surveyed reviews gave the film a positive review; the average rating is 4 1/10  The site's critical consensus reads, "With neither the conviction to embrace its smutty premise nor enough laughs to function as a worthwhile rom-com, the flaccid Sex Tape suffers from cinematic impotence " On Metacritic, the film has a score of 36 out of 100 based on 36 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews"  Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "C+" on an A+ to F scale Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian called the film "a timely naughty-but-nice romcom with too few laughs", giving it two out of five stars 

Accolades
See also
Passage 5:
Jake Kasdan
Jacob Kasdan (born October 28, 1974) is an American filmmaker and actor  He is best known for directing Walk Hard (2007), Bad Teacher (2011), Sex Tape (2014), Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (2017) and Jumanji: The Next Level (2019) 

Early life
Kasdan was born and raised in a Jewish family, with little religious education in Detroit, Michigan, the son of Meg (née Goldman), a writer, and writer-director Lawrence Kasdan  His younger brother, Jon Kasdan, also works in the film and television industry as an actor and writer 

Career
Kasdan has directed seven theatrical films: Zero Effect (1998), Orange County (2002), The TV Set (2006), Walk Hard: The Dewey Cox Story (2007), Bad Teacher (2011), Sex Tape (2014), Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (2017) and Jumanji: The Next Level (2019)  He has also worked in television, most notably with Judd Apatow, as a consulting producer and director on Freaks and Geeks and as a director on Undeclared  He has also directed numerous stage productions  He is attached to direct John Grisham novel Calico Joe to a family film adaptation 
In 2008, Kasdan received his first Golden Globe nomination for Walk Hard in the Best Original Song category (shared with John C  Reilly, Judd Apatow, and Marshall Crenshaw), but lost to "Guaranteed" from Into the Wild (written by Eddie Vedder) 
As a child, he made several appearances in his father's movies such as The Big Chill and Silverado (in the former he is an autograph seeker at a funeral and in the latter a stable boy) 
After the success of New Girl, Kasdan announced that on July 11, 2012, that he had signed a deal with 20th Century Fox Television, through The Detective Agency, to pursue own projects In February 2015, Fox announced it had greenlit a pilot for the comedy The Grinder to be directed by Kasdan and starring Rob Lowe On March 26, 2019, The Detective Agency's producing partners Jake Kasdan and Melvin Mar reupped, and signed a new overall deal at 20th Century Fox Television In October 2021, it was announced that Disney+ had given a series order to a television adaptation of graphic novel, American Born Chinese  It will be produced by 20th Century Television with Kelvin Yu and Charles Yu as writers and executive producers, Marvin Mar and Kasdan as executive producers, and Destin Daniel Cretton as director and executive producer  Most recently, he served as executive producer of the workplace comedy pilot XYZ at ABC 

Personal life
Kasdan is married to singer-songwriter Inara George of The Bird and the Bee  They have three children, including twins 

Filmography
Films
Acting credits

Soundtrack credits

Other credits

Television and web
Acting credits

Music video
Believe by Shawn Mendes (2015)

Awards
Passage 6:
Brothers Quay
Stephen and Timothy Quay ( KWAY; born June 17, 1947) are American identical twin brothers and stop-motion animators who are better known as the Brothers Quay or Quay Brothers  They received the 1998 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Set Design for their work on the play The Chairs 

Careers
The Quay Brothers reside and work in England, having moved there in 1969 to study at the Royal College of Art, London after studying illustration (Timothy) and film (Stephen) at the Philadelphia College of Art, now the University of the Arts in Philadelphia  In England they made their first short films, which no longer exist after the only prints were irreparably damaged  They spent some time in the Netherlands in the 1970s and then returned to England, where they teamed up with another Royal College student, Keith Griffiths, who produced all of their films  In 1980 the trio formed Koninck Studios, which is currently based in Southwark, south London 

Style
The Brothers' works from 1979 to the present show a wide range of often esoteric influences, starting with the Polish animators Walerian Borowczyk and Jan Lenica and continuing with the writers Franz Kafka, Bruno Schulz, Robert Walser and Michel de Ghelderode, puppeteers Wladyslaw Starewicz and Czech Richard Teschner and Czech composers Leoš Janáček, Zdeněk Liška and Polish Leszek Jankowski, the last of whom has created many original scores for their work  Czech animator Jan Švankmajer, for whom they named one of their films (The Cabinet of Jan Svankmajer), is also frequently cited as a major influence, but they actually discovered his work relatively late, in 1983, by which time their characteristic style and preoccupations had been fully formed  In a panel discussion with Daniel Bird and Andrzej Klimowski at the Aurora festival in Norwich, they emphasized that a more significant influence on their work was Walerian Borowczyk, who made both animation shorts and live-action features 
Most of their animation films feature puppets made of doll parts and other organic and inorganic materials, often partially disassembled, in a dark, moody atmosphere  Perhaps their best known work is Street of Crocodiles (1986), based on the short story of the same name by the Polish author and artist Bruno Schulz  This short film was selected by director and animator Terry Gilliam as one of the ten best animated films of all time, and critic Jonathan Romney included it on his list of the ten best films in any medium (for Sight and Sound's critics' poll of 2002)  They have made two full-length live action films: Institute Benjamenta (1996), or This Dream People Call Human Life, produced by Keith Griffiths and Janine Marmot, and The Piano Tuner Of Earthquakes (2005), produced by Keith Griffiths  They also directed an animated sequence in the film Frida (2002) 
With very few exceptions, their films have no meaningful spoken dialogue (most have no spoken content at all, while some, such as The Comb (From the Museums of Sleep) (1990) include multilingual background gibberish that is not intended to be coherently understood)  Accordingly, their films are highly reliant on their music scores, of which many have been written especially for them by the Polish composer Leszek Jankowski  In 2000, they contributed a short film to the BBC's Sound On Film series in which they visualised a 20-minute piece by the avant-garde composer Karlheinz Stockhausen  Whenever possible, the Quay Brothers prefer to work with pre-recorded music, though Gary Tarn's score for The Phantom Museum had to be added afterwards when it became impossible to license music by the Czech composer Zdeněk Liška They have created music videos for His Name Is Alive ("Are We Still Married", "Can't Go Wrong Without You"), Michael Penn ("Long Way Down (Look What the Cat Drug In)") and 16 Horsepower ("Black Soul Choir")  Their style has been mimicked to the point that audiences mistakenly believed that the Quay Brothers were responsible for several music videos for Tool but those videos were created by Fred Stuhr and member Adam Jones, whose work is influenced by the Quay Brothers  Although they worked on Peter Gabriel's seminal video "Sledgehammer" (1986) as animators, this was directed by Stephen R  Johnson and the Quay Brothers in order to support their personal projects 
Before turning to film, the Quay Brothers worked as professional illustrators  The first edition of Anthony Burgess' novel The Clockwork Testament, or Enderby's End, included their drawings before the start of each chapter  Nearly three decades before directly collaborating with Stockhausen, they designed the cover of the book Stockhausen: Conversations with the Composer (ed  Jonathan Cott, Simon & Schuster, 1973)  After designing book covers for Gothic and science fiction books while in Philadelphia, the Quay Brothers have created suggestive designs for a variety of publications that seem to reflect not only their own interests in particular authors, covers for Italo Calvino, Louis-Ferdinand Céline or Mark le Fanu's study of the films of Andrei Tarkovsky, but also in themes and motifs that these authors develop  Literary texts are inspirational sources for almost all of their film projects, whether they serve as a point of departure for their own ideas or as a textual basis for filmic scenarios, and not as scripts or screenplays  The prowess in illustration and calligraphy seeps increasingly into many formal elements in their later films, evident as graphic embellishment in the set decoration, or their particular use of patterns in the puppets' costume design  Titles, intertitles and credits appear in a variety of handwritten styles 
In an interview with Robert K  Elder for his book The Best Film You've Never Seen, the Quay Brothers discuss their creative process, stating that “If [a] project does eventually get approval, then we almost invariably chuck [the] original proposal out, not out of any cavalierness, but simply because we know that, as we start building the decors and the puppets, the script begins to grow and evolve very organically ”The critical success of Street of Crocodiles gave the Quay Brothers artistic freedom to explore a shift in subject matter, in part originating in literary and poetic sources that led to exploration of new aesthetic forms, but also because they were able to make extensive experiments in technique, both with cameras and on large stage sets  The Quay Brothers are best known for their puppet and feature-length films  Less known, but no less incisive in their creative development, is their intense engagement in stage design for opera, ballet and theatre: since 1988, the Quay Brothers have created sets and projections for performing arts productions on international stages  Their work at miniature scale has translated into large-scale designs for the theatre and opera productions of director Richard Jones: Prokofiev's The Love for Three Oranges; Feydeau's "A Flea in Her Ear"; Tchaikovsky's Mazeppa; and Molière's "Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme"  Their set design for a revival of Ionesco's "The Chairs" was nominated for a Tony Award in 1998  The Quay Brothers' excursion into feature films and live-action dance films were not an indication of a move away from animation and the literature that inspires them—on the contrary, the film explores the potential which slumbers in the combination of these cinematic techniques  Their puppet animation set designs have been curated as an internationally touring exhibition called "Dormitorium" which toured the east coast of the United States in 2009, including the originating venue of the Rosenwald-Wolf Gallery at the University of the Arts, Philadelphia, followed by Parsons The New School of Design, New York, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA and Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 
The Quay Brothers are strongly influenced by literature and the written word - from Eastern-European poetry to South American magic realism 

Lewis Carroll (Alice in Not So Wonderland)
Emma Hauck (In Absentia)
Felisberto Hernández (Unmistaken Hands: Ex Voto F H)
Franz Kafka (The Metamorphosis)
Stanisław Lem (Maska)
Rainer Maria Rilke (Eurydice: She, So Beloved)
Bruno Schulz (Street of Crocodiles)
Robert Walser (The Comb, Institute Benjamenta)Music is an essential part of the Quay Brothers' films, as they also find inspiration in Eastern European classical music  The Quay Brothers' films feature music by the following composers:

Stefan Cichoński (Nocturna Artificialia)
Trevor Duncan (Piano Tuner of Earthquakes)
Leoš Janáček (Leoš Janáček: Intimate Excursions, The Sandman, The Metamorphosis)
Lech Jankowski (Street of Crocodiles, Rehearsals for Extinct Anatomies, Ex-Voto, The Comb, Institute Benjamenta, De Artificiali Perspectiva, or Anamorphosis)
Zygmunt Konieczny (Nocturna Artificialia)
György Kurtag (The Sandman)
Zdeněk Liška (The Cabinet of Jan Švankmajer, The Phantom Museum)
Steve Martland (Songs for Dead Children)
Claudio Monteverdi (Eurydice: She, So Beloved)
Timothy Nelson (Wonderwood, Through The Weeping Glass, Unmistaken Hands: Ex Voto F H , Vade mecum)
Arvo Pärt (Duet)
Krzysztof Penderecki (Ein Brudermord, Inventorium of Traces, Maska)
Sergei Prokofiev (Alice in Not So Wonderland)
Christopher Slaski (Piano Tuner of Earthquakes)
Karlheinz Stockhausen (In Absentia)
Igor Stravinski (Igor, The Paris Years Chez Pleyel 1920-1929)
Gary Tarn (The Phantom Museum, Tempus Fugit)
Antonio Vivaldi (Piano Tuner of Earthquakes)

Legacy
In 2010 The College of Physicians of Philadelphia received a Philadelphia Exhibitions Initiative grant through The Pew Center for Arts & Heritage for an exhibitions project that would include a new work by the Quay Brothers  The Quay Brothers produced a new film entitled Through the Weeping Glass: On the Consolations of Life Everlasting (Limbos & Afterbreezes in the Mütter Museum)  The film is their first made in the United States, produced by Edward Waisnis through his company PRO BONO films in collaboration with Atelier Koninck QBFZ, London and it focuses on the history and collections of the College's famed Mütter Museum  The film, with narration by Derek Jacobi and a musical score by Timothy Nelson, was shot on location in Philadelphia during the summer of 2010 and premiered in autumn 2011, with symposia, at The College of Physicians of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania; New York City's Museum of Modern Art; and the Museum of Jurassic Technology in Los Angeles  The film was subsequently shown at the Wellcome Collection, London, England; the CFC Worldwide Short Film Festival in Toronto, Canada; The Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston, MA; The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, TX; and at the Wexner Center of the Arts at Ohio State University, Columbus, OH  It was reviewed in both Sight & Sound and Film Comment magazines  The 35mm negative and print were selected for inclusion in the film collection of the Museum of Modern Art 
The Quay Brothers were commissioned by Leeds Canvas, a group of eight cultural organisations in Leeds, UK, to create in May 2012 a major citywide art installation, OverWorlds & UnderWorlds  The commission was one of twelve 'Artists Taking the Lead' projects around the UK, Arts Council England's flagship contribution to the London 2012 Cultural Olympiad  Later in the same year, the Quay Brothers were the subject of a grand retrospective exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art, New York entitled Quay Brothers: On Deciphering the Pharmacist's Prescription for Lip-Reading Puppets which featured work spanning their entire career, tracing back as early as childhood, with much of the material shown for the first time  Organized by Ron Magliozzi, Associate Curator of MoMA's Film Department, the exhibition ran from August 12, 2012 through January 7, 2013 and included a full coinciding film program In 2013, the Quay Brothers were recipients of a residency program award at the Wexner Center of the Arts, Columbus, Ohio  The project they undertook coinciding with this residency was a puppet animation film entitled: Unmistaken Hands: Ex Voto F H –that revolves around the work and life of Uruguyan writer Felisberto Hernández, often referred to as the father of ‘magic realism’, and for whose work the Quay Brothers share an affinity  The production was overseen by Edward Waisnis through PRO BONO films, in collaboration with Atelier Koninck QBFZ, and the support of the Fundación Felisberto Hernández, and features a score composed by Timothy Nelson, who has worked with the Quay Brothers previously  As of January 2014, the Quay Brothers have been in production with The Digital Toy Company on a joint film/video-game project entitled Asleep: I Hear My Name The Quay Brothers' work was exhibited in two further major international exhibitions in 2013/2014  The first, The Quay Brothers' Universum was the Quay Brothers' first 'solo' exhibition in Europe and took place at the EYE Film Institute Netherlands, Amsterdam from December 15, 2013 - March 9, 2014  The second, Metamorfosis  Visiones Fantásticas de Starewitch, Švankmajer y Los Hermanos Quay was held at the Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona, Barcelona (25 March - 7 September 2014) and La Casa Encendida (2 October 2014 - 11 January 2015), Madrid, respectively  The exhibition was curated by Spanish animation curator, programmer and historian Carolina López Caballero and was a major exploration of the art of stop motion animation, placing the Quay Brothers' work alongside Russian-born puppet animation godfather Ladislas Starewitch and Czech surrealist master Jan Švankmajer 
Hollywood director Christopher Nolan revealed himself to have been an admirer of the Quay Brothers' work since coming across their films late at night when they were originally screened on Channel 4 in the UK  In 2015 Nolan curated a theatrical tour showcasing newly restored 35mm prints of the Quay's films In Absentia, The Comb and Street of Crocodiles  The programme also included the eight-minute 'documentary' Quay (2015) which Nolan directed as an homage to the twins  The programme and Nolan's short received critical acclaim, with Indiewire writing in their review that the Quay Brothers "will undoubtedly have hundreds, if not thousands more fans because of Nolan, and for that The Quay Brothers in 35mm will always be one of latter's most important contributions to cinema" Directly after the launch of the 35mm programme in the states, the Quay Brothers were celebrated at the Bristol Festival of Puppetry, UK (August - September 2015)  A retrospective of their work was curated by animation director Joseph Wallace, who also hosted a conversation with the Quay Brothers about the relationship between their animation and stage work at Watershed (Bristol)  Wallace, along with Puppet Place(the organisation behind the festival), also commissioned the Quay Brothers to create an installation which ran for the duration of the festival and was displayed in a disused control room on a bridge in the centre of Bristol entitled: Homage To The Framed Perspective of an Abridged Conversation Between the Painters Sassetta & Uccello and the Mystical Occurrence that Happened Before Your Arrival  
The Quay Brothers collaborated with Louis Andriessen in 2016 and designed decors for his opera Theatre of The World which premiered at the Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles  before playing at the Carré Theatre in Amsterdam as part of the Holland Festival  As well as the design, the Quay Brothers also produced animated projections which accompanied the performance 
In October 2016 a two disk Blu-ray collection of the Quay Brothers films dating 1979-2013 entitled "Inner Sanctums" was released by the British Film Institute  The edition includes 24 of the Quay Brothers' short films, of which three are UK premieres and five are world premieres, along with a disk of special features including footnotes, interviews, rare behind the scenes films and Christopher Nolan's short portrait of the brothers; Quay (2015) 

Awards and honours
Filmography
Feature films

Institute Benjamenta, or This Dream People Call Human Life (1995)
The Piano Tuner of Earthquakes (2005)Short films

Nocturne Artificialia: Those Who Desire Without End (1979)
Rain Dance (1980) – a short film for Sesame Street 
Punch And Judy: Tragical Comedy or Comical Tragedy (1980)
Ein Brudermord (1980)
The Eternal Day of Michel de Ghelderode (1981)
Igor, The Paris Years Chez Pleyel (1983)
Leoš Janáček: Intimate Excursions (1983) 
The Cabinet of Jan Svankmajer (1984)
The Epic of Gilgamesh, or This Unnameable Little Broom (1985) Full title: Little Songs of the Chief Officer of Hunar Louse, or This Unnameable Little Broom, being a Largely Disguised Reduction of the Epic of Gilgamesh
Street of Crocodiles (1986)
Rehearsals For Extinct Anatomies (1988)
Stille Nacht I: Dramolet (1988)
Ex-Voto (1989)
The Comb (From The Museums Of Sleep) (1990)
De Artificiali Perspectiva, or Anamorphosis (1991)
The Calligrapher (1991) – an ident commissioned by BBC2 which was later rejected and never broadcast 
Stille Nacht II: Are We Still Married? (1991)
Stille Nacht III: Tales From Vienna Woods (1992)
Stille Nacht IV: Can't Go Wrong Without You (1993)
The Summit (1995)
Duet (2000)
The Sandman (2000)
In Absentia (2000)
Stille Nacht V: Dog Door (2001)
Frida (2002) - animated contribution (dir: Julie Taymor)
Songs For Dead Children (2003)
The Phantom Museum: Random Forays Into the Vaults of Sir Henry Wellcome's Medical Collection (2003)
Alice in Not So Wonderland (2007)
Eurydice: She, So Beloved (2007)
Inventorium of Traces (2009)
Maska (2010)
Bartók Béla: Sonata for Solo Violin (2011)
Through the Weeping Glass: On the Consolations of Life Everlasting (Limbos & Afterbreezes in the Mütter Museum) (2011)
The Metamorphosis (2012)
Unmistaken Hands: Ex Voto F H  (2013)
The Doll's Breath (2019)
Vade mecum (2020)
11 Preliminary Orbits Around Planet Lem (2021)Music videos

Sledgehammer - Peter Gabriel (1986) - animated contribution (dir: Stephen R  Johnson)
Stille Nacht II: Are We Still Married? - His Name is Alive (1991)
Long Way Down (Look What The Cat Drug In) - Michael Penn (1992)
Stille Nacht IV: Can't Go Wrong Without You - His Name is Alive (1993)
"Black Soul Choir - 16 Horsepower (1996)
Stille Nacht V: Dog Door - Sparklehorse (2001)
Ubu Roi - Pere Ubu (2008) - projected music video for live show
Muslingauze - DJ Spooky (2008-2010)
Stille Nacht V: Starman - Sabisha (2008-2010)Commercials

The Repeat Prescription Report (2017) Pharmacy2U
Tempus Fugit (2016) Slow Time, Leffe
Wonderwood (2010) Comme des Garçons
Kinoteka, 1st Polsk Filmfestival ident (2009) Polish Institute, London
Mistletoe Kisses (2007) Galaxy, Mars, Inc 
NHL, Laundromat (2001) Fox Sports
NHL, Library (2001) Fox Sports
Magnets (2001) Chili's
Rice Krispies Treats - Float (2000) Kellogg's
Pitney Chairs (1999) Pitney
Northern Rock (1999) Northern Rock
Mars Celebration (1998) Mars, Inc 
Fox and Crow (1998) Badoit
Lion and Zebra (1998) Badoit
Weed Families (1998) Roundup
Weeds (1998) Roundup
Doritos idents (1997) Frito-Lay
The Wooden Box That Collapses (title sequence) (1997) The End
Lockets Metallica (1996) Mars, Inc 
Swallow (1996) Murphy's Irish Stout
Warriors (1996) Murphy's Irish Stout
Brainfreeze (1995) 7-Eleven Slurpee
Blue Cross (1995) Blue Cross Blue Shield Association 
Dolls (1994) The Partnership for a Drug Free America
Trees (1993) Coca-Cola
Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme (title sequence) (1993) The End
Fun Touch (1989) Nikon
Zenith (1988) MTV
MTV ident (1988) MTV
BFI ident (1998) British Film Institute
Skips (1988) K P  Skips
Dulux (1987) Dulux
Walkers Crisps (1986) Walkers
Honeywell (1986) Honeywell Computers Appearances

The Falls (1980)

Opera, ballet and stage
The Birthday Party (2018) By Harold Pinter, directed by Ian Rickson at the Harold Pinter Theatre, London 
Theatre of the World (2016) By Louis Andriessen, directed by Pierre Audi  Dutch National Opera, Amsterdam/Holland Festival, Amsterdam 
An Evening at the Talk House (2015) By Wallace Shawn, directed by Ian Rickson at the National Theatre, London 
Overworlds & Underworlds (2012) A Leeds Canvas initiative for the 2012 Cultural Olympiad, Leeds 
I looked back when I reached halfway (2011) Collaboration with violinist Alina Ibragimova on Béla Bartók's Sonata for Violin (1944)  Chetham's School of Music/Manchester International Festival, Manchester; Wilton's Music Hall, London 
Bring Me the Head of Ubu Roi (2008) Projections for Pere Ubu  Queen Elizabeth Hall, London 
Paul Bunyan (2007) By Benjamin Britten, directed by Nicholas Broadhurst  Theater am Kornmarkt Bregenz/Theater Luzern 
Pinocchio (2006) By Martin Ward, choreographed and directed by Will Tuckett  Royal Opera House, London 
The Cricket Recovers (2005) By Richard Ayres, directed by Nicholas Broadhurst  Aldeburgh Festival, Suffolk, and Almeida Opera, London 
The Anatomy of a Storyteller (2004) Ballet by Kim Brandstrup  Royal Opera House, London 
Death and Resurrection (2003) By J  S  Bach and Steve Martland, conducted by Sir John Eliot Gardiner, Steve Martland  Four short films illustrating Martland's Street Songs  Tate Modern and St  Paul's Cathedral, London 
The Wind in the Willows (2002) Ballet by Will Tuckett  Royal Opera House, London 
Queen of Spades (2001) Ballet by Kim Brandstrup  Les Grands Ballets Canadiens, Montreal 
Baa-Laamsfest (1999) By Olga Neuwirth, directed by Nicholas Broadhurst  Wiener Festwochen, Vienna 
The Chairs (1997) By Eugène Ionesco, directed by Simon McBurney  Theatre de Complicité and Royal Court, London and John Golden Theater, New York  (The Quay Brothers won the 1998 Drama Desk Award for Best Design and were also nominated for a Tony award)
Cupid & Psyche (1997) Ballet by Kim Brandstrup  Royal Danish Ballet, Copenhagen 
The Hour We Knew Nothing of Each Other (1996) By Peter Handke  Theater ballet directed by Kim Brandstrup  Malmo Dramatiska Theatre, Sweden 
A Midsummer Night’s Dream (1996) By William Shakespeare, directed by Jonathan Miller  Almeida Theatre, London 
Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme (1992) By Molière, directed by Richard Jones  Royal National Theatre, London
Mazeppa (1991) By Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, directed by Richard Jones  Bregenz Festival/Nederlands Opera
A Flea in Her Ear (1989) By Georges Feydeau, directed by Richard Jones  Old Vic, London 
The Love For Three Oranges (1988) By Sergei Prokofiev, directed by Richard Jones  Opera North, Leeds/English National Opera, London 
Dybbuk (1988) Ballet by Kim Brandstrup  The Place, London 
Passage 7:
Speechless (TV series)
Speechless is an American television sitcom that aired on ABC from September 21, 2016, to April 12, 2019  Created by Scott Silveri and co-executive produced with Christine Gernon, Jake Kasdan, and Melvin Mar, the 20th Television/ABC Signature co-production was greenlighted to series order on May 13, 2016  A first-look trailer was released on the same day  Starring Minnie Driver, John Ross Bowie and Micah Fowler, the sitcom explores the serious and humorous challenges a family faces with a teenager with a disability  On September 29, 2016, the series was picked up for a full 22-episode season  An additional episode was ordered on December 13, 2016, for a 23-episode season  On May 10, 2019, ABC cancelled the series after three seasons 

Plot
The series follows the DiMeo family, each with a unique personality: Maya, a take-charge British mother with a no-holds-barred attitude; her husband Jimmy, who does not seem to care what others think; Dylan, their no-nonsense athletic daughter; Ray, their scholarly middle child who acts as the "voice of reason" in the family; and their oldest son, JJ — a high schooler who has a biting wit and sense of humor, and is diagnosed with cerebral palsy  JJ communicates by using headgear with a laser pointer to indicate various words, letters, and numbers on a board attached to his wheelchair  One of the reasons the DiMeos move frequently, is due to an attempt to find a good educational environment for JJ  They believe they have found an optimal choice when they discover a school that prides itself on being inclusive and where JJ will have an aide support him throughout the school day  Because the school is in an upscale part of town, Jimmy and Maya move the family into the cheapest, most rundown house in an otherwise nice neighborhood  Though they quickly find that not everything is as good as it could be  JJ enjoys having Kenneth, a gentle, well-meaning school groundskeeper with a deep and resonant speaking voice, work as his aide 

Cast and characters
Main
Minnie Driver as Maya DiMeo, the fierce and determined mother of the family
John Ross Bowie as Jimmy DiMeo, the fun-loving, easily persuadable father of the family who is a supervisor of baggage handlers at the airport
Mason Cook as Raymond "Ray" DiMeo, the middle child  Slender and nerdy, he faces constant harassment, mostly from Dylan 
Micah Fowler as Jimmy "JJ" DiMeo Jr , The eldest child with cerebral palsy  He is non-speaking (thus the show's title) and uses a wheelchair  He has a crush on Emma Watson, which serves as a running gag on the show 
Kyla Kenedy as Dylan DiMeo, the athletic youngest child, and only daughter  She enjoys pulling pranks and harassing others, especially Ray 
Cedric Yarbrough as Kenneth Clements, the good-natured aide to JJ who serves as his voice  Although he and Maya tend to butt heads, she is appreciative of his work 

Recurring
Pepper, the happy Golden Retriever who's supposed to be Dylan's pet, but acts like he's more fond of the others
Marin Hinkle as Dr  Ava Miller, the principal of the kids' school who is easily influenced by Maya
Jonathan Slavin as Mr  Powers, one of JJ's teachers
Liz Cackowski as Joyce, JJ's physiotherapist
Sarah Chalke as Melanie Hertzal, Taylor's mother
Kayla Maisonet as Izzy, JJ's girlfriend
Jack Dylan Grazer as Rev
David Lengel as Tad
Sedona Cohen as Taylor, Ray's ex-girlfriend
Cole Massie as Logan, Melanie's son, Taylor's brother, and JJ's nemesis
Karly Rothenberg as Crossing Guard

Special guests
Rob Corddry as Billy, Jimmy's brother
Andrea Anders as Audrey, Billy's wife
Julianne Hough as Miss Bloom, the new choir teacher at the kids' school
Jamie Denbo as Janet, the DiMeos' insurance agent
Jim O'Heir as Stu, the DiMeos' former insurance agent
Ken Marino as Ethan, Maya's ex-boyfriend
Michaela Watkins as Becca, a new mom at the group of families with disabled kids
Zach Anner as Lee, a wheelchair-using young man who Maya asks to speak with JJ about living on his own
Holland Taylor as Andrea, Maya's pretentious mother
Keith David as Colonel Clements, Kenneth's father
John Cleese as Martin, Maya's father who lives in London
Julie White as Helen, Lee's over protective mother
Niecy Nash as Kiki, Kenneth's sister
Lisa Leslie as Kendall, Kenneth's sister
Tricia O'Kelley as Candy Kensington
Rondi Reed as Nina
Christopher Thornton as Chris
Bella Thorne as Cassidy
Jay Chandrasekhar as Coach

Episodes
Production
Development
On January 11, 2016, it was announced that ABC had given the production a pilot order as Speechless  The episode was written by Scott Silveri who was expected to executive produce alongside Christine Gernon, Jake Kasdan and Melvin Mar  Production companies involved with the pilot include Silver and Gold Productions, The Detective Agency, ABC Studios and 20th Century Fox Television  On May 13, 2016, ABC officially ordered the pilot to series  A few days later, it was announced that the series would premiere in the fall of 2016 and air on Tuesdays at 9:30 P M  EST  On September 23, 2016, ABC picked up the series for a full season of 22 episodes and on December 13, they get only one episode  On May 12, 2017, ABC renewed the series for a second season which premiered on September 27, 2017  On May 11, 2018, ABC renewed the series for a third season and announced it would air on Fridays at 8:30 P M  EST and premiered on October 5, 2018 

Casting
On February 24, 2016, it was announced that Cedric Yarbrough had been cast in the pilot  In March 2016, it was reported that Minnie Driver and John Ross Bowie had also joined the pilot's main cast 

Cancellation
Speechless aired on the network ABC for about three years before the ultimate decision to cancel it  The final decision to cancel the show was made due to the fact that it was the lowest-rated series on the network  Variety explains that the last, and concluding season, ranked the lowest within the network with only around 2 3 million live viewers  Deadline notes that former ABC president, Karey Burke explained that the cancellation of the show Speechless was "gut wrenching" decision  Ultimately, the choice was made due to the low number of viewers, as well as the introduction of a new show, Fresh Off The Boat 
One of the main actors, Minnie Driver, notes that while it is saddening that the show has been canceled, the main hope is that the show left a lasting impact on its audience  Minnie Driver, who plays JJ's mom, continued to explain she believes that conversations regarding disability, love, as well as family have been left in better terms than they were found  Another main actor, Micah Fowler, who portrays JJ on the show, took to Twitter to express his gratitude towards the fans, and staff, for the amazing life changing opportunity  While the show was only on air for three years, it left a lasting impression on its audience 

Reception
Critical response
Speechless received largely positive reviews from critics  On Rotten Tomatoes, the series has a rating of 98%, based on 41 reviews, with an average rating of 8 2/10  The site's critical consensus reads, "Speechless speaks to a sensitive topic with a heartfelt lead performance and a fine balance of sensitivity and irreverence " On Metacritic, the series has a score of 79 out of 100, based on 29 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews" The editors of TV Guide placed Speechless seventh among the top ten picks for the most anticipated new shows of the 2016–17 season  In its review from writer Liam Matthews, "ABC has another worthwhile addition to its strong lineup of modern families with Speechless," adding "It's a clear-eyed and empathetic exploration of life in a special-needs family that makes plenty of room for hilarity "

Representation
Speechless is one of the few shows that portrays the life of a teenager with a disability  It is also one of the few shows that has a disabled actor play the character  According to Bond, there are approximately 21 million children, between the ages of 5 and 15, that have a disability  If television, and the media, were able to mirror the demographics of the U S  then about 14% of characters would be disabled  Speechless was just one example, however it was cancelled after a couple of seasons due to 'low ratings' despite a good audience reception  Bond notes that media representation of disability, both mental and physical, may impact audiences in a more profound manner than telling them what disability is like  Through the introduction of physical disabilities, there is hope to integrate individuals into society, without prejudice and biases  Bond continues to explain that children begin to distinguish and detect differences as young as 4 years of age  Marquis notes that representations in movies like Still Alice and The Theory of Everything are two popular examples that perpetuate inconsistencies about the disabled body  These authors explain that there is disability representation in the media, however it is lacking authenticity and adequate portrayal  Shows like Speechless should be given a platform, for the actors and production team, to speak on the issues surrounding representation 

Ratings
Accolades
Home media
Passage 8:
Walk Hard: The Dewey Cox Story
Walk Hard: The Dewey Cox Story is a 2007 American comedy film directed by Jake Kasdan, and written by Kasdan and co-producer Judd Apatow  It stars John C  Reilly, Jenna Fischer, Tim Meadows and Kristen Wiig  A parody of the biopic genre, Walk Hard is the story of a fictional early rock and roll star played by Reilly 
Walk Hard primarily references the musical biopics Ray (2004) and Walk the Line (2005); in addition to Ray Charles and Johnny Cash, the "Dewey Cox" character includes elements of the lives and careers of other notable musicians including Roy Orbison, Glen Campbell, Bob Dylan, Jerry Lee Lewis, Donovan, John Lennon, James Brown, Jim Morrison, Conway Twitty, Neil Diamond, Hank Williams, and Brian Wilson  The film portrays fictional versions of artists Buddy Holly, the Big Bopper, Elvis Presley, and the Beatles; some artists appear as themselves, including Eddie Vedder, Jewel and Ghostface Killah  In addition, the film parodies or pays tribute to the musical styles of David Bowie, Billy Joel, Van Dyke Parks, the Gun Club, and seventies punk rock 
The film was released in North America on December 21, 2007  It received positive reviews from critics but was a box office bomb, grossing only $20 million against a $35 million budget  The film has since become a cult classic 

Plot
In Springberry, Alabama, 1946, young Dewey Cox accidentally cuts his brother Nate in half with a machete  The trauma causes him to lose his sense of smell  Dewey meets a blues guitarist who discovers his life experience instilled in him a natural affinity for playing blues 
In 1953, Dewey performs at a school talent show and drives the crowd wild with his song "Take My Hand," and his father kicks him out of the house, calling it the "Devil's music"  A 14-year-old Dewey leaves Springberry with his 12-year-old girlfriend Edith; they soon marry and have a baby  
Working at an all-African American nightclub, Dewey replaces singer Bobby Shad onstage and impresses Hasidic Jew record executive L'Chaim  While recording a rockabilly rendition of "That's Amore", he is berated by an executive  A desperate Dewey performs "Walk Hard," a song inspired by a speech he gave Edith, which restores the executive's belief in Judaism and rockets him to superstardom 
The song quickly becomes a hit and Dewey becomes caught up in the rock 'n' roll lifestyle  He soon performs his first concert as the following act to Elvis Presley, Buddy Holly, and The Big Bopper  Dewey is introduced to marijuana by his drummer Sam and becomes unfaithful to Edith  Dewey's father informs him that his mother has died while dancing to Dewey's song and blames Dewey's music for her death  
Distraught, Dewey finds Sam using cocaine and partakes, resulting in a cocaine-fueled punk rock performance  Choir-girl Darlene Madison enters Dewey's life, and he produces several sexually suggestive hit records amid their courtship  He weds Darlene while still married to Edith, which leads to both women leaving him, after which Dewey purchases drugs from an undercover cop  After he serves time in prison and in rehab, Darlene returns 
They move to Berkeley, California in 1966 during the counterculture movement  Dewey's new singing style is compared to that of Bob Dylan, which he angrily denies  In the next scene, a music video shows that Dewey's new song mimics Dylan's style, including opaque lyrics ("The mouse with the overbite explained/how the rabbits were ensnared/ and the skinny scanty sylph/ trashed the apothecary diplomat/ inside the three-eyed monkey/ within inches of his toaster-oven life ")  On a band visit to India, Dewey takes LSD with the Beatles, leading to a Yellow Submarine-esque hallucination  
Dewey becomes consumed with creating his masterpiece Black Sheep (a homage to Brian Wilson's Smile)  The band resents his insane musical style and abusive behavior and breaks up; Darlene, also unable to deal with him, leaves him for Glen Campbell  During another stint in rehab, Dewey is visited by the ghost of Nate, who ridicules his self-pity and tells him to start writing songs again 
In the 1970s, Dewey now hosts a CBS variety television show but is unable to compose a masterpiece for his brother  Nate reappears and urges him to reconcile with their father  Dewey and his father wind up dueling with machetes; despite having trained years for this moment, his father cuts himself in half, forgives Dewey for Nate's death, tells him to be a better father, and dies  Dewey breaks down and destroys almost everything in his home 
Dewey is approached by one of his illegitimate children and decides to reconnect with his many offspring  In 1992, a divorced Darlene returns to him  Finally realizing what is most important, Dewey regains his sense of smell and remarries her 
In 2007, L'Chaim's son Dreidel informs Dewey of his popularity with young listeners through rapper Lil' Nutzzak's sampling of "Walk Hard " Dewey learns he is to receive a lifetime achievement award  They want him to sing a song at the ceremony, but Dewey is reluctant, fearing his old temptations  However, with his family's support, he reunites with his band and is finally able to create one great masterpiece, summing up his entire life with his final song, "Beautiful Ride "
A title card reveals that Dewey died three minutes after this final performance, which then also reads "Dewford Randolph Cox, 1936–2007 " A post-credits scene is a short black-and-white clip of "the actual Dewey Cox, April 16, 2002" (still played by Reilly) 

Cast
Production and development
Jake Kasdan brought the idea to his friend and fellow director Judd Apatow  They then began writing the film together  The tongue-in-cheek references in this fake biopic were drawn from various sources  Apatow and Kasdan noted that they watched various types of biopics for inspiration, including those of Jimi Hendrix and Marilyn Monroe  Despite the humorous approach, the film was crafted in the serious tone of films earmarked for an Oscar, adding to the irony John C  Reilly, who actually sings and plays guitar, was chosen to play the title role  "We took the clichés of movie biopics and just had fun with them," Reilly said  The "deliberate miscasting" of celebrity cameos, such as Elvis Presley and the Beatles, was intended to enhance the comedy  The film's poster is a reference to the "young lion" photos of Jim Morrison 

Reception
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 74% based on 134, classifying it as "certified fresh"  The site's consensus states: "A parody that pokes fun at rock stars and reductive biopics alike, this comedy sings in large part because of stellar performances and clever original music " On Metacritic the film has a score of 63 out of 100 based on reviews from 22 critics Roger Ebert gave the film 3 out of 4 stars and wrote: "Instead of sending everything over the top at high energy, like Top Secret! or Airplane!, they allow Reilly to more or less actually play the character, so that, against all expectations, some scenes actually approach real sentiment " Peter Travers of Rolling Stone magazine wrote: "The tricky thing about parody movies is that the jokes get old fast and they're hit-and-miss  Walk Hard, a spoof of every musical biopic from Ray to Walk the Line, is guilty on both counts  How lucky that when the jokes do hit, they kick major ass " A 2022 review of the best comedy films of the 21st century placed this at sixth The film was not commercially successful, taking $18 million at the US box office which was less than the film's $35 million budget John C  Reilly received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Performance in a Musical or Comedy and a nomination for Best Original Song 

Home media
The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray on April 8, 2008  In the opening weekend, 263,001 DVD units were sold, generating revenue of $5,110,109  As of May 2010, DVD sales have gathered revenue of $15,664,735 

Promotional appearances
Along with a backing band "The Hardwalkers", Reilly made seven musical appearances as Dewey Cox in the weeks prior to the film's release date 
December 5, 2007 – Rock & Roll Hall of Fame (Cleveland, OH)
December 6, 2007 – The Cubby Bear (Chicago, IL)
December 7, 2007 – Stubb's BBQ (Austin, TX)
December 8, 2007 – Mercy Lounge (Nashville, TN)
December 10, 2007 – Great American Music Hall (San Francisco, CA)
December 11, 2007 – The Blacksheep (Colorado Springs, CO)
December 13, 2007 – Guitar Center on Sunset Blvd  (Los Angeles, CA)
December 19, 2007 – Knitting Factory (New York, NY)
December 19, 2007 – Performed in the character of Dewey Cox on Good Morning America Several fake commercials were aired including one with John Mayer, hinting Dewey might be his father 

Soundtrack
Singer-songwriters Dan Bern and Mike Viola (of the Candy Butchers) wrote most of the film's songs, including "There's a Change a Happenin'", "Mulatto", "A Life Without You (Is No Life at All)", "Beautiful Ride" and "Hole in My Pants"  Charlie Wadhams and Benji Hughes wrote the song "Let's Duet"  Marshall Crenshaw wrote the title song, and Van Dyke Parks penned the Brian Wilson-esque 1960s-styled psychedelic jam "Black Sheep" (the recording session seems to be a specific parody of Wilson's Smile album sessions, on which Van Dyke Parks worked)  Antonio Ortiz wrote "Take My Hand"  A number of critics noted the unusually high quality of many of the individual songs on the soundtrack, how well they reflected the styles and times they were attempting to parody, and how well they stood on their own as quality compositions  The soundtrack was nominated for both a Grammy and Golden Globe Award and was nominated and won the Sierra Award for Best Song in a Motion Picture from the Las Vegas Film Critics Society  John C  Reilly sang on all the tracks and played guitar on most of them 
Passage 9:
Weird Loners
Weird Loners is an American sitcom that was created by Michael J  Weithorn   The 6-episode first season was ordered straight-to-series by the Fox network in 2014   The series is executive produced by Weithorn and Jake Kasdan  The series premiered on March 31, 2015 On May 11, 2015, Fox canceled the series after one season  Kevin Reilly, the network President who had ordered the series from Weithorn's spec script in 2013, was fired a few months later leaving the series without a champion at the network 

Premise
Four people who fear personal relationships are unexpectedly thrust into one another's lives and form an unlikely bond while living in a townhouse in Queens, New York 

Cast
Becki Newton as Caryn Goldfarb, a high-strung dental hygienist who was engaged to be married but suddenly decides to call off her engagement after a brief fling with Stosh 
Zachary Knighton as Stosh Lewandowski, Eric's sleazy cousin, whose womanizing lifestyle has recently cost him his job  With no job and nowhere to live, he is forced to move in with his cousin Eric 
Nate Torrence as Eric Lewandowski, a toll collector who is suddenly on his own for the first time after his father unexpectedly passes away  After the funeral, his estranged cousin Stosh offers to move in with him 
Meera Rohit Kumbhani as Zara Sandhu, an angst-ridden artist, who befriends Eric after he buys one of her paintings 

Recurring
Susie Essman as Evelyn Goldfarb, Caryn's mother 
David Wain as Howard, Caryn's ex-fiancé 

Critical reception
Weird Loners received mixed reviews, with Rotten Tomatoes giving the series a score of 44% based on reviews from 25critics and an average rating of 5 5 out of 10  The website’s consensus reads: " Weird Loners strands its veteran stars in an overly familiar sitcom structure burdened with a preponderance of humdrum humor "Neil Genzlinger of The New York Times gave the series a positive review, stating: "[Weird Loners is] not loud or frenetic  It’s not particularly cutting-edge  It’s just funny, in a relaxed way that’s welcome somehow in a television spectrum full of pushiness and intensity "Gwen Ihnat of The A V  Club wrote a positive review giving the series a "B+" grade  She observed that "What Weird Loners has in its corner is an appealing cast and some hard-hitting TV vets" and remarked that "Since [Jake] Kasdan and [Michael J ] Weithorn both know their way around a sitcom set, it’s not a surprise that Weird Loners soon adds more gravity than most new shows boast from right out of the gate "

Episodes
Context 2: Passage 1:
WSYY-FM
WSYY-FM (94 9 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a full-service adult hits format  Licensed to Millinocket, Maine, United States, the station's broadcast signal serves Central Penobscot County, Eastern Piscataquis County, and Southern Aroostook County, from its tower site in Millinocket  The station is owned by Katahdin Communications, Inc WSYY-FM plays a mix of oldies/classic hits, adult contemporary, rock music, and some country crossovers  The station also features programming from CBS News Radio (and has been an affiliate of that network for many decades)  WSYY-FM also airs When Radio Was 

History
In 1978, WSYY-FM was founded on 97 7 FM as WKTR, upgrading to its current facilities in 1984 on 94 9  Prior to their The Mountain 94 9 branding, WSYY-FM used to be referred to as North Country 95, airing country music full-time  The current format, branding, and slogan was probably adopted around March 1, 2004, when Katahdin Communications, Inc  assumed control of WSYY-FM & AM from Katahdin Timberlands, LLC as a result of the radio station facing increasing land disputes, initially as a short term lease agreement, but the transfer of ownership became permanent  Those land disputes would lead to a loss of WSYY-FM's 23,500-watt transmitter location (featuring an antenna HAAT of 211 meters)  WSYY-FM may have been operating under a Special Temporary Authority License (a 12,000-watt facility with an antenna HAAT of 68 meters via Hammond Ridge on Lake Road), ever since as long ago as late 2007, pending a planned permanent move to a 22,000-watt facility with an antenna HAAT of 198 4 meters (from just off Nicatou Road in Medway, well east of WSYY-FM's old or current transmitter tower location)  On November 23, 2016, the construction permit for this proposed move was modified to a 45,000-watt facility with an antenna HAAT of 146 7 meters, the first time this proposed move has ever received official approval from the FCC 

Former sports offerings
The Mountain 94 9 carried local high school sports in season until fall 2017  The Mountain 94 9 also carried the schedule of Red Sox Baseball from 1997 through 2015, when Millinocket's affiliation with the Boston Red Sox Radio Network transferred to co-owned WSYY, concluding the interruptions to the music during Major League Baseball  The transfer was completed on April 2, 2021, when 1240 WSYY returned to the air with translator 102 5 W273DJ debuting with the opening game of the Boston Red Sox 

Syndicated programming
WSYY-FM is one of two Maine affiliates (the other being WLOB in Portland) of When Radio Was, is one of the two Maine affiliates (the other being WWMJ) of The Acoustic Storm, is Maine's only affiliate of the Crook & Chase syndicated country music countdown programming, and is an affiliate of the Blues Deluxe radio show 
Passage 2:
KAND
KAND (1340  AM) is a radio station that serves the Corsicana/Ennis/Waxahachie area, and is owned by New Century Broadcasting  This station runs a country music  format, and is also the home of Corsicana High School Tigers and Navarro College Bulldogs football games, and the latest news from the Texas State Network News, and CBS News  As of July 11, 2008, it airs sports programming from Fox Sports Radio during overnights and weekends  For many years, the KAND call sign was assigned to the station now called KWPW 

History
KAND began in 1937 as a Variety/Entertainment station on 1310 kHz but 10 years later moved to AM 1340 and has maintained its variety format until the 1980s when they made a slow transition to Country music  The original station owner was J C  West, who also owned the Wolf Brand (canned) Chili plant in Corsicana  West had applied for callsign WOLF, but the Federal Communications Commission wouldn't permit it because the WOLF call letters are currently in use on Syracuse, New York's AM station 
In March 2008 Yates Communications announced FCC approval to buy KAND 
On July 9, 2010, Yates decided to sell this station to New Century BroadcastingIn 2014, KAND shifted to country full-time and switched news sources from ABC News to CBS 
Passage 3:
WSTU
WSTU (1450 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Stuart, Florida, and serving the Treasure Coast   It broadcasts a talk radio format   The station is currently owned by Treasure Coast Broadcasters, Inc 
WSTU broadcasts at 1,000 watts   It uses a non-directional antenna 

Programming
WSTU has a local weekday morning show, "Get Up and Go with Evan and Bonnie "   The rest of the weekday schedule includes some brokered programming hours, with conservative talk from Fox News Radio, including Brian Kilmeade, Jimmy Failla and Guy Benson 

History
WSTU signed on the air in December 1954   Les Combs was the original owner   In 1969 the station was sold to Harvey L Glascock, whose family owned the station until 1997 when it was sold to American Radio Systems   After a brief ownership by a Broward County businessman, it was sold to Barry Grant Marsh and David Pomerance   Marsh had been Operations Manager of WSTU for many years under the Glasscock family 
The station was purchased by Treasure Coast Broadcasters in 2001   When WSTU went on the air, Stuart went from the biggest city on Florida's east coast without its own radio station to the smallest city on Florida's east coast with its own radio station   WSTU had a strong local news commitment from the start, and continues that to this day under News Director Tom Teter, who has been with the station since 1980   Teter has won many awards for news excellence from UPI and AP including Best Newscast in Florida and Best Spot News Reporting  From the earliest days the Martin County community viewed the station as more of a public utility than a privately owned radio station WSTU was also one of the first radio stations in Florida to broadcast high school sports on a regular basis and continues to broadcast high school football, basketball and baseball  Hamp Elliot did the play-by-play for many years followed by Teter who handled the play-by-play for more than 20 years   Rick McGuire now does much of the play-by-play  This summary written by Tom Teter For a period of time,  WSTU (1450) AM radio station program schedule included a Saturday Night Dancing 'Bongo' Party from 7 p m  to 11:30 p m , hosted by Walter Oden  On weekday afternoons in the 1960s, the station played the 'pop' tunes and encouraged teens to call in and request a song to be dedicated to a friend or 'sweetheart,' which was then announced and played on-air  This radio show  is credited with easing the path to school integration in the late 1960s 
Passage 4:
Radioshow
Radioshow is а cult Lithuanian black comedy radio and TV show hosted by Algis Ramanauskas-Greitai and Rimas Šapauskas  It is also the name of their humorous rock band  Radioshow has started at radio station Radiocentras in 1992  Later it has moved to the radio station Ultra Vires  In 1995 Radioshow debuted as a comedy puppet show on TV at LNK station  From 1997 till 1999 Radioshow was running at BTV TV station  In 2004 it briefly ran on Vilnius radio station Užupio radijas before being shut down, because of swearing on the air  However the show was immediately picked up by the regional radio station Vox Maris 

Controversy
Because of the constant taboo breaking, swearing and making fun of the symbols of national pride, Radioshow was often criticized by the conservative media and the older generation  Music critic Viktoras Gerulaitis has stated, that "These guys are sowing the seed of Satan, and it seems there is no-one that could stop them"  This quote was later sampled into the song by Algis Ramanauskas' band Svastikos Sukitės Greitai  It is ironic, that today Algis Ramanauskas is a member of the conservative Homeland Union party 
Another controversy was caused in 1995 by the obscene album Unplugged attributed to Radioshow  However Algis Ramanauskas denied his authorship and claimed, that it was a bootleg made by the imitators 

Characters
Main characters
Bronius
Bronius is approaching retirement age and is full of sentiments to the Soviet era  He often refers to programming of the Russian TV and Belarusian radio and television  He is annoyed by modern Lithuania - he has some command of English but uses it mostly to communicate disgust with all things Western  Bronius has a dirty mind and a dirty mouth and enjoys sexual innuendo and filthy fantasies, particularly those involving TV celebrities, which he describes with considerable inspiration and lewd detail  Bronius is a character voiced by Algis Greitai 

Česlovas
Česlovas is a former teacher  Česlovas' looks resemble former speaker of the Lithuanian Parliament social democrat Česlovas Juršėnas  This character is married and has two daughters (Sigutė and Akvilė), but despite that he often displays random acts of latent homosexuality, as the most of Radioshow characters do  Česlovas is voiced by Rimas Šapauskas 

Albinas
Albinas, also referred to as Senis (English: Old man), is a 100-year-old man of far-right nationalistic beliefs  His claim that he was born in the mountains of Scotland is a reference to the TV series The Highlander  Albinas makes frequent references to his pre-war memories 

Zbygniewas
Zbygniewas is a character of Polish ethnicity, speaking Lithuanian with a heavily inflicted Russian accent  Zbygniewas claims to hail from Nemenčinė, a town near capital Vilnius with large predominance of Polish, Belarusian and Russian population  In his younger days he was a hippie and used to read Kafka  His career included a stint at as a communal heating boiler attendant, a choice occupation for rebellious intellectuals in the former Soviet Union, and also at a mortuary, which involved a sexual encounter with a dead female body, which Zbygniewas discusses with great reluctance  He is voiced by Algis Ramanauskas-Greitai 

Igorj
Russian speaking character voiced by Rimas Šapauskas 

Mindaugas, later - Budulis
Coarse-voiced, aggressive young Lithuanian gangster guided by values and rules of Russian prison life ("paniatkes") and making frequent references to his encounters with the law enforcement authorities  This character underwent some changes and is currently known as Budulis  He is discernible from a blackened mouth and a track suit worn on a permanent basis  In later episodes of the show, Budulis makes references to his work as a labourer in Ireland  (voiced by Rimas Šapauskas)

Filadelfijus
Filadelfijus is a young incompetent journalist  His name originates from a motion picture title Philadelphia  In the beginning he was speaking in a high-pitched voice, hinting that he might be homosexual  However, in the later shows unprofessional babbling and not the allusions to his homosexuality became his distinctive mark  Filadelfijus is voiced by Rimas Šapauskas 

Minor characters
Mindė - nationalist character (animated pig's head); Vanga - Bulgarian  prophetess (animated portrait of Lithuanian writer Žemaitė, taken from one Litas banknote); Dujokaukė Kiulamae - Estonian character always speaking derogaratively about the Lithuanians (his name translates into English from Lithuanian as "Gas Mask" and the surname is of the former BC Žalgiris Estonian basketball player Gert Kullamäe; Slavik from Maladzechna; Almantas, a gay type 

Discography
1996 Plugged
2001 Underground
2001 Raštai
2005 Kronikos #1
2005 Kronikos #2

See also
South Park Republican
Baltish
Passage 5:
Bill McCutcheon
James William McCutcheon (May 23, 1924 – January 9, 2002) was an American character actor known for his roles in film, television, and theatre, several of which won him Emmy and Tony awards 

Early life
McCutcheon was born in Russell, Kentucky, the son of  Robert Kenna McCutcheon, who was a railroad conductor and Florence Louise (née Elam)  McCutcheon's first major role was Leo the Leprechaun on The Howdy Doody Show  He followed this appearance with a recurring role (from 1984 to 1992) as Uncle Wally on the children's television series by PBS, Sesame Street, for which he won an Emmy He also had a prominent role in the movie of 1989, Steel Magnolias, in which he played Owen Jenkins, beau of Ouiser Boudreaux (Shirley MacLaine) 

Career
He was also active in film and on the stage  His first film appearance was in 1964's Santa Claus Conquers the Martians; later on, he was seen in movies including Family Business and Steel Magnolias  McCutcheon was a familiar face to young audience in the 1960s, when he appeared on several Tootsie Roll television commercials  His theatre credits include a role as Moonface Martin in Anything Goes, which won him a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Musical 
Other stage appearances include You Can't Take It with You and The Man Who Came to Dinner 

Death
A resident of Mahwah, New Jersey, McCutcheon died on January 9, 2002, of natural causes, aged 77  He had three children, Carol, Jay, and Kenna 

Filmography
Passage 6:
KYTC (FM)
KYTC (102 7 FM, "Super Hits 102 7") is a radio station that broadcasts a classic hits music format  Licensed to Northwood, Iowa, U S , it serves northern Iowa and southern Minnesota  The station is currently owned by Alpha Media, through licensee Digity 3E License, LLC  The station was originally operated by Northwood businessman, Marlin Hanson as an oldies radio station with an effective radiated power of 3,000 watts, then 6,000 watts  Hanson built the station because he bought the tower from the local cable company after they abandoned it and decided a radio station would be a good use for the empty tower  It was sold to Dave Nolander who also owned KATE radio in Albert Lea, MN  It was operated as an oldies station featuring music of the 1950s and 1960s from a studio located in Northwood and satellite programming during the evening hours  The station was sold to Three Eagles Communications and the power increased to 25,000 watts  Between 2002 and 2012  the station changed from Oldies to Country to active rock and finally back to a hits of the 1960s through the 1980s  The station transmitter is located 3 miles north of Northwood and the studio is located in Mason City  Current owner Digity, LLC purchased the station on September 12, 2014 

History
On February 4, 2012, KYTC changed format from active rock (branded as "The Blaze") to classic hits, branded as "Super Hits 102 7" 

External links

KYTC in the FCC FM station database
KYTC on Radio-Locator
KYTC in Nielsen Audio's FM station database
Passage 7:
Voix du Sahel
La Voix du Sahel (English: "Voice of the Sahel") is the national radio station of Niger, owned by the Nigerien government, operating on 91 3MHZ  Based in Niamey, the radio station was established in 1958 as Radio Niger but adopted its current name in 1974  It is the only national radio station in the country and is the only radio station to offer programs in eight different languages including French 

See also
Media of Niger
Passage 8:
Al Lewis (actor)
Al Lewis (born Abraham Meister; April 30, 1923 – February 3, 2006) was an American actor and activist, best known for his role as Count Dracula-lookalike Grandpa on the television series The Munsters from 1964 to 1966 and its film versions  He previously also co-starred with The Munsters's Fred Gwynne in the television show Car 54, Where Are You?  from 1961–1963  Later in life, he was a restaurant owner, political candidate, and radio broadcaster 

Early life
Lewis was born Abraham Meister on April 30, 1923 in Manhattan  His parents Alexander and Ida (née Neidel), a house painter from Minsk and a garment worker respectively, were immigrants from the Russian Empire; his family was Jewish  Two brothers were Phillip and Henry  He had originally given his birth year as 1910  His reputed early radio work in the mid-1930s would indicate the earlier birth date, as did an off-the-cuff remark on the TVLegends interview, 2002, where he says "not a bad memory for 92"  Ted Lewis, his son, firmly said his father was born in 1923 in Brownsville, Brooklyn, New York  Other sources placed his birth in Wolcott, New York, but no official record of his birth has been published to date (2006), and officials in Wolcott say they have no record of any Meister  The Times wrote: "Lewis was born Albert Meister, probably in 1923, but he insisted that he was born in 1910  This, and Lewis's many other questionable stories, means that much of the actor's life is a broth of conjecture that his fans will no doubt squabble over for years to come " On his application for a Social Security number, completed sometime between 1936 and 1950, Lewis gave his date of birth as April 30, 1923  The 1940 census lists an Albert Meister "age 16" living on Douglass (today's Strauss) Street in Brooklyn, New York 
In a 1998 interview with Walt Shepperd, Lewis said:My mother was a worker, worked in the garment trades  My mother was an indomitable spirit  My grandfather had no sons  He had six daughters  They lived in Poland or Russia, every five years it would change  My mother being the oldest daughter, they saved their money, and when she was about sixteen they sent her to the United States, not knowing a word of English  She went to work in the garment center, worked her back and rear-end off and brought over to the United States her five sisters and two parents  I remember going on picket lines with my mother  My mother wouldn't back down to anyone 

Education
According to a report in The Jewish Week, Al Lewis attended Yeshiva Chaim Berlin in Brooklyn, New York, in his youth and "asked annoying questions to the teachers " Lewis then attended Thomas Jefferson High School, which he left in his junior year  He claimed to have attended Oswego State Teachers College (now SUNY Oswego), notwithstanding his lack of a high school diploma, and to have earned a Ph D  in child psychology from Columbia University in 1941, of which Columbia has no record  Lewis did send at least one of his children to Yeshiva in the San Fernando Valley 

Career
Acting
His acting career begins the well-documented portion of his life  He worked in burlesque and vaudeville theaters, then on Broadway in the dramas The Night Circus (1958) and One More River (1960) and as the character Moe Shtarker in the musical comedy Do Re Mi (1962) His earliest television work includes appearances on the crime drama Decoy and The Phil Silvers Show  From 1959 to 1963, he appeared in four episodes of Naked City  Lewis's first well-known television role was as Officer Leo Schnauser on the sitcom Car 54, Where Are You? from 1961 to 1963, also starring Fred Gwynne (Lewis reprised the role in the 1994 movie of the same name)  In the series, Lewis first played Al Spencer the Auto Body Man in two early first-season episodes, then landed the more familiar role of Officer Schnauser  He is best remembered as Grandpa on The Munsters, which ran on CBS from 1964 to 1966 In 1967, Lewis played the part of Zalto the magician in the Lost in Space episode "Rocket to Earth"  His first role in a movie was as Machine Gun Manny in Pretty Boy Floyd (1960)  He had small roles in The World of Henry Orient (1964), They Shoot Horses, Don't They? (1969), and They Might Be Giants (1971)  He appeared as Hanging Judge Harrison in Used Cars (1980), played a security guard on an episode of Taxi, and had a minor role in Married to the Mob (1988)  His last film role was in Night Terror (2002) 
Lewis was a recurring guest on The Howard Stern Show  In 1987, during a "Howard Stern Freedom Rally" against the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) that was broadcast live, Lewis repeatedly shouted "fuck the FCC!" until Stern was able to take the microphone away from him  Stern and the station were not punished for Lewis's comments 
Unlike some actors, Lewis did not mind being typecast  He enjoyed acting out his Grandpa character—in the original costume—and got a surprising amount of mileage from such a short-lived role
Context 3: Passage 1:
American Nerd
American Nerd: The Story of My People is a book by Benjamin Nugent  The book discusses the history and origin of the term "nerd", as well as what the term means in today's age  Some of the important topics discussed include the racial differences for the term "nerd", such as how race played into Urkel, a nerdy character played by Jaleel White on the TV series Family Matters 

Appearances
The book and the author were featured on Last Call with Carson Daly as well as The Sound of Young America on NPR 
Passage 2:
Steve Urkel
Steven Quincy Urkel is a fictional character on the American ABC/CBS sitcom Family Matters, portrayed by Jaleel White  Although originally slated to be a one-time-only character on the show, he broke out to be its most popular character and gradually became its protagonist   Due to the Urkel character's off-putting characteristics and the way he would stir up events and underscore the plot or even move it along, he is considered a nuisance by the original protagonist's family, the Winslows, though they come to accept him over time 
The character is the epitome of a geek or nerd of the era, due to traits such as large, thick eyeglasses, flood pants held up by suspenders, multi-colored cardigan sweaters, saddle shoes, and a high-pitched voice  He professes love for his neighbor Laura Winslow, who is a character in the main family of the series, but this love of his is written as an accent on or trigger for events and crises and is therefore unrequited until the series' end 
Throughout the series, starting from Urkel's debut, he is central to many of its running gags, primarily property damage and/or personal injury resulting from of his inventions going awry or his outright clumsiness  He becomes known by viewers and characters alike for several catchphrases uttered after some humorous misfortune occurs, including "I've fallen and I can't get up!" "I don't have to take this  I'm going home " "Did I do that?" "Whoa, Mama!" and "Look what you did!" (on occasions when someone else caused the damage, though usually the accident was indirectly caused by Urkel) 

Character development
In syndication, Steve Urkel first appeared on the 4th episode of the first season, "Rachel's First Date" (as the show staff wanted to more naturally introduce him to audiences upon repeated viewings)  In the 12th episode of the first season, "Laura's First Date", he reappears as a nerdy young boy who takes Laura Winslow out on a date  Despite him being madly in love with her, Laura finds Steve grating and doesn't return his affection  
While initially intended to be a minor character, Urkel became very popular for his oddball antics, soon becoming a recurring character and joining the main cast, beginning with the season-two premiere "Rachel's Place" Family Matters co-creator Michael Warren named the character after his friend, writer, and director Steve Urkel  Due to the show and the character's tremendous popularity during the early 1990s, Erkel encountered difficulties using his own name; he received many prank phone calls from "Laura" asking for "Steve", and businesses found his name to be suspicious  Warren stated that had he known if the character would reappear for years, he would not have named him after his friend 

Portrayal
Steve Urkel embodies the stereotype of a socially inept intellectual who means well but often messes things up  Despite his intelligence, his actions often come across as clumsy and foolish  He is fiercely protective of and obsessed with his unrequited love, Laura Winslow, and this admiration extends to the rest of the Winslow family  However, Steve is comically clumsy and inept, and his attempts to help the Winslows often go awry  This puts him at odds with the family patriarch, Carl, who routinely throws Urkel out of his house  He has been shown to take responsibility for his own mistakes and reimburses the Winslows for the damages he's done  Steve is close to Harriette Winslow, who is delighted each time he comes over, much to Carl's chagrin 
Later episodes suggest that Steve's attachment to the Winslows stems from his bad relationship with his own family  Urkel often hints that most of his relatives, including his (never seen) parents, despise him and refuse to associate with him  This culminates in the two moving to Russia without him, whereupon he moves in with the Winslows  The show has also revealed that Steve has at least four relatives who care about him who are Uncle Ernie who owns a horse trailer; Uncle Cecil who, despite his gambling problems, visits the Urkel home to keep an eye on him; Aunt Oona from Altoona, (played by singer, Donna Summer), who is like a mother to him; and cousin Myrtle  In the series finale, Steve responds to Carl talking about how proud he is of his future son-in-law by saying "Thanks, Dad "
Urkel dresses unfashionably for someone his age (he is most commonly seen wearing suspenders, brightly colored shirts, and high water pants) and has a number of hobbies and interests, including polka dancing and accordion playing  His motor vehicle of choice is the small three-wheeled Isetta  Unlike his friends, he has little interest in popular culture and athletic endeavors, though he enjoys playing basketball, once attempting to join the school team  This has caused Myra to be attracted to Urkel himself due to them not being interested in pop culture  However, Steve has shown little interest in her mainly due to her stalker behavior 
While he is unpopular with his schoolmates, Urkel is a brilliant student and is on a first-name basis with his teachers  He is a genius inventor as well, and his fantastical but unreliable gadgets (including a transformation device and a time machine) are central to many Family Matters plots and gags 
Urkel also has an adept sense of lawbreaking that involves peer pressure  This was explored four times, mainly with Eddie, since he often has to learn his lesson the hard way when he finds himself in situations outside of his control 

Stefan Urquelle
During the season five episode "Dr  Urkel and Mr  Cool", in a takeoff on The Nutty Professor films, Urkel devises a plan to win Laura's heart: transforming his DNA using a serum, which suppresses his "nerd genes" and brings out his "cool" genes  This results in the alter ego known as Stefan Urquelle, played by Jaleel White in more casual attire  Initially, Laura is enamored with the smoother Stefan, but asks that he turn back into Steve when Stefan's self-centeredness makes itself apparent 
Steve improves the formula in the season five episode "Stefan Returns" to reduce its negative effects on his personality, and invents a "transformation chamber" allowing him to become Stefan at will  He would change into Stefan several times – even while dating Myra – but some circumstance would force Steve to turn into his normal self again  With his narcissistic tendencies toned down, Laura falls deeply in love with Steve's alter-ego 
In the seventh-season finale "Send in the Clones", Steve creates a cloning machine and winds up creating a perfect duplicate of himself  Myra is initially excited, but eventually realizes that two Steves are just too much  To clear up the situation, Laura proposes that one of the Steves be permanently turned into Stefan, so that she and Myra can both be with the one they love  This Stefan becomes a recurring character and eventually proposes to Laura in the ninth season  After weighing her choices in the episode "Pop Goes the Question", Laura chooses Steve over Stefan  Stefan leaves and does not appear again 

Cultural impact
In 2010, Westside Middle School in Memphis, Tennessee, outlined its dress code policy on sagging pants, asking students to pull them up or get "Urkeled", a reference to the character  In this practice, teachers would forcibly pull students' pants up and attach them to their waist using zip ties  Students would also have their photo taken and posted on a board in the hallway, for all of their classmates to view  In an interview with NBC affiliate WMC-TV, Principal Bobby White stated that the general idea is to fight pop culture with pop culture  One teacher at the school claimed to have "Urkeled" up to 80 students per week, although after five weeks the number dropped to 18 

Ratings effect
In syndication, Steve is incorporated into the teaser scene of "Rachel's First Date"; his first appearance in the original broadcasts is in the 1989 episode "Laura's First Date", in which Carl and Eddie separately set up dates for Laura for a dance or party (both terms are used in the episode), and the first thing known about him is that he allegedly ate a mouse, and he later makes reference to a mouse when speaking to Carl, implying that it might be true  Prior to Steve Urkel's introduction, the show was on the brink of cancellation due to mediocre ratings  After Urkel was introduced, several scripts had to be hastily rewritten to accommodate the character, while several first-season episodes that had been completed had new opening gag sequences filmed featuring Steve trying to push open the Winslows' front door while the family holds it shut  The addition of Steve immediately helped the show boost its modest ratings  White was credited as a guest star in the first season and became a regular member of the cast in season two  In the opening credits for Seasons 5-9, White was the only regular whose character's name appeared alongside his own during the opening credits (Season 9 did not have the same credit sequence showing all the actors, it simply listed their names across the bottom of the screen, but White was listed "as Steve Urkel" there as well) 
Jo Marie Payton, who played Harriette Winslow, admitted that she felt the Urkel character had hogged much of the show's attention and disrupted the close family relationship she had formed with the rest of the cast  Payton took particular umbrage when youngest sibling Judy Winslow was dismissed as a disposable character and her portrayer, Jaimee Foxworth, was fired to make room for more Urkel stories, because she felt particularly close to Foxworth as the baby of the cast  Payton experienced increasing burnout over the course of the show, became increasingly upset over the production staff allowing White free rein to misbehave, and felt that the overbearing focus on Urkel had made the show jump the shark; she very nearly quit when the show moved to CBS but agreed to stay for the first several episodes while a new actress, Judyann Elder, was cast as Harriet  In an interview with Entertainment Tonight, Payton recalled an instance where White insisted upon inserting something that would have violated Broadcast Standards and Practices, to the point where he and Payton nearly came to physical blows with each other  White is one of the few living members of the cast with whom Payton no longer speaks regularly  She nevertheless speaks well of her experiences and appreciates the effect that Urkel had on the show's popularity and thus the residuals everyone receives from the show  Reginald VelJohnson, in a 2022 interview with Entertainment Tonight, acknowledged that White could be difficult to work with on set but attributed the difficulties to White's young age and being surrounded by other teenagers, which VelJohnson (who himself never had children) found overwhelming  On the whole, VelJohnson had "nothing but good memories" of working with White 

The Urkel Dance
The Urkel Dance was a novelty dance that originated in the season two episode, "Life of the Party"  It was based around the character of Steve Urkel and essentially incorporated movements that made the dancer's posture more like his 
The dance was popular enough to appear on another show, Step by Step, when the Steve Urkel character appeared in a crossover in the season one episode, "The Dance" 
Jaleel White also performed the song, in character as Steve Urkel, on the 5th Annual American Comedy Awards  Bea Arthur (from Maude & The Golden Girls) joined him on stage to "Do The Urkel", after which she said, "Hey, MC Hammer, try and touch that!"A promotional cassette single of the song that accompanies the dance was produced and distributed in limited numbers  A T-shirt was also produced featuring lyrics and Urkel's likeness 
Rick Sanchez pays some form of homage to The Urkel Dance with "The Rick Dance" in the Rick and Morty episode "Ricksy Business" 

Appearances on other shows
Full House – In the 1991 episode, "Stephanie Gets Framed", Steve is called in to help Stephanie Tanner (Jodie Sweetin) deal with her anxieties after she has to get glasses  He was cousin to a friend of D J  He also jams with Uncle Jesse and gives Michelle a penny for her piggy bank, telling her that "with prevailing interest rates, that penny will be worth three cents by the turn of the century"  Incidentally, Family Matters did not air on the night of the episode's original airdate (January 25, 1991)  It is implied that he found himself in San Francisco in the Full House universe before paying a visit to the Lambert household from Step by Step 
Step by Step – In the series' second episode, "The Dance", Steve lands in the Lambert-Foster family's backyard after launching himself with a rocket pack from the living room of the Winslows' house in the Family Matters episode "Brain Over Brawn" (the two scenes being shown in uninterrupted sequence, as Family Matters and Step by Step aired back to back on ABC's TGIF lineup at the time)  He then helps his science-fair pen pal, Mark Foster (Christopher Castile), and lifts Alicia "Al" Lambert (Christine Lakin)'s spirits after her potential date dumps her just before a school dance  White reprises his "Do the Urkel" dance in the scene where Al gives the boy that dumped her his comeuppance  White also makes a brief two-second cameo as Steve in the 1997 episode "A Star Is Born", snapping a clapperboard on the set of the movie that Al was cast in over her two sisters 
In the Family Matters episode "Beauty and the Beast", Steve sends a chain letter to his friend Cory Matthews, who lived in Philadelphia  The reference is to Ben Savage's character from Boy Meets World, but there were no on-screen crossovers  In an episode of Boy Meets World, Cory says he receives a chain letter from his friend Steve 
Fuller House - In the Season 3 finale, Urkel was mentioned by D J   In a January 2018 interview with TVLine's Andy Swift, series creator and former show runner Jeff Franklin mentioned that they have talked about White reprising the role and that they had some ideas for the character if White decides to reprise the role (Franklin was dismissed from the show before this materialized, and Urkel never appeared in the series) 
Scooby-Doo and Guess Who? - White reprised his role on the animated series Scooby-Doo and Guess Who? in the episode "When Urkel- Bots Go Bad!"

Merchandise
At the height of his popularity, Urkel's name was branded to several products including a short-lived fruit flavored cereal known as Urkel-Os and a Steve Urkel pull string doll, which were both released in 1991  There was also a T-shirt line that was created in 2002, but was discontinued shortly after its inception In 2021 White launched his own cannabis brand that featured a strain called "Purple Urkel"  He reprised the role of Urkel in a skit with Snoop Dogg to promote the strain 

Reception
In 1999, TV Guide ranked Urkel #27 on its list of the "50 Greatest TV Characters of All Time"  In 2004, he was listed at #98 in Bravo's 100 Greatest TV Characters 


== Notes ==
Passage 3:
Family Matters
Family Matters is an American television sitcom that debuted on ABC on September 22, 1989, and ended on May 9, 1997  However it moved to CBS, where it was shown from September 19, 1997, to July 17, 1998  A spin-off of Perfect Strangers, the series revolves around the Winslow family, an African-American middle class family living in Chicago, Illinois  Midway through the first season, the show introduced the Winslows' nerdy neighbor Steve Urkel (Jaleel White), who was originally scripted to appear as a one-time character  However, he quickly became the show's breakout character (and eventually the main character), joining the main cast Running for nine seasons, Family Matters became the second-longest-running live action U S  sitcom with a predominantly African-American cast, behind only The Jeffersons (11 seasons)  It aired for 215 episodes, being ranked third, behind only Tyler Perry's House of Payne (280+ as of 2021), and The Jeffersons (253)  Family Matters was the last live-action scripted primetime show that debuted in the 1980s to leave the air; the only scripted show that started in the 1980s and lasted longer in continuous production was The Simpsons 

History
The series was a spinoff from the ABC sitcom Perfect Strangers; both shows aired Friday nights on ABC's primetime slot called "TGIF"  Jo Marie Payton played Harriette Winslow, the elevator operator at a newspaper where Larry Appleton and Balki Bartokomous also worked  Reginald VelJohnson, who was coming off of growing fame from his role in Die Hard, made an appearance on the show as Harriette's husband Carl Winslow, a Chicago police officer  ABC and the producers loved the character Harriette for her great morale and quick-witted humor and decided to create a show that would focus on her and her family, husband Carl, son Eddie, elder daughter Laura, and younger daughter Judy (who appeared until the character was retconned after season four as having not existed) In the pilot episode, "The Mama Who Came to Dinner", the family had also opened their home to Carl's street-wise mother, Estelle (Rosetta LeNoire), usually known as "Mother Winslow"  Prior to the start of the series, Harriette's sister, Rachel Crawford and her infant son, Richie, had moved into the Winslow household after the death of Rachel's husband  The Winslows' nerdy teenage next-door neighbor, Steve Urkel (Jaleel White), was introduced midway through the first season in the episode "Laura’s First Date" and quickly became the focus of the show The popular sitcom was a mainstay of ABC's TGIF lineup from 1989 until 1997, at which point it became part of the CBS Block Party lineup for its final season  Family Matters was produced by Bickley-Warren Productions (1991–1998) and Miller-Boyett Productions, in association with Lorimar Television (1989–1993) and later Warner Bros  Television (1993–1998)  As the show progressed, episodes began to center increasingly on Steve Urkel, and other original characters also played by White, including Steve's suave alter-ego, Stefan Urquelle (who is Jaleel White's real-life self), and his female cousin, Myrtle Urkel 

Network change
In early 1997, CBS picked up Family Matters and Step by Step in a $40 million deal to acquire the rights to the programs from ABC  ABC then promised to pay Miller-Boyett Productions $1 5 million per episode for a ninth and tenth season of Family Matters  However, tensions had risen between Miller-Boyett Productions and ABC's corporate parent, The Walt Disney Company (which had bought the network in 1996 as part of its merger with ABC's then-parent Capital Cities/ABC Inc



ground_truth: Brothers Quay

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: The owner of radio station KWPW has the same name as an American character actor. What is it?

The following are given passages.
Context 2:  "Why not?" he said  "It pays the bills "In 1991, he appeared as Grandpa in an episode of Hi Honey, I'm Home on ABC  In 1991, he appeared in a low-budget movie titled Grampire (My Grandpa Is a Vampire in the U S  version), wearing much the same costume as he did in The Munsters  From 1987 to 1989, Lewis hosted Super Scary Saturday on TBS in his Grandpa outfit  This was parodied in Gremlins 2: The New Batch with the character of Grandpa Fred (Robert Prosky) 

Other pursuits
Lewis was a proponent of free speech and frequently spoke out in the late 1980s and early 1990s against government entities such as the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) and non-government entities such as the PMRC (Parents Music Resource Center)   Lewis famously uttered the phrase "(expletive) the FCC", during a speech at a Manhattan rally organized by radio personality Howard Stern  Stern later used Lewis' speech as the opening track of Stern's Crucified by the FCC comedy album in early 1991 
Lewis appeared in an episode of The American Experience where he recalled his experiences at Coney Island, which he frequently visited and worked at as a game barker  He was featured in the Atari 7800 videogame Midnight Mutants, an action-adventure title with a Halloween theme  His appearance in the game mirrored his Grandpa persona in The Munsters In 1987, he opened an Italian restaurant named Grampa's Bella Gente at 252 Bleecker Street in Manhattan  In September 1989, he licensed a comedy club named Grampa's to an entrepreneurial mafia family named Cataldo in New Dorp Plaza in Staten Island 

Politics
As a left-wing activist, he hosted a politically oriented radio program on WBAI (whose theme song was King Curtis' "Foot Pattin'") and ran as Green Party candidate for governor of New York in 1998  In that race, he sought to be listed on the ballot as Grandpa Al Lewis, arguing that he was most widely known by that name  His request was rejected by the Board of Elections, a decision upheld in court against his challenge Despite this setback, he achieved one of his campaign objectives  His total of 52,533 votes exceeded the threshold of votes set by New York law (50,000) and hence guaranteed the Green Party of New York an automatic ballot line for the next four years (see election results, New York governor)  He said that, with no political machine and no money backing him, the likelihood of winning the governorship would be "like climbing Mount Everest barefooted"  In 2000, he sought the Green Party nomination for US Senate; he ultimately placed second in the primary, with about 32 percent of the vote, losing to Mark Dunau 

Personal life and final years
Lewis married Marge Domowitz in 1956, with whom he had three sons, Dave, Ted, and Paul  The marriage ended in divorce in 1977  In 1984, he married actress Karen Ingenthron, to whom he remained married for the rest of his life In his final years, he resided on Roosevelt Island in New York City  In 2003, he was hospitalized for an angioplasty, and complications from the surgery led to an emergency bypass and the amputation of his right leg below the knee as well as all of the toes on his left foot  He died on February 3, 2006, of natural causes in Goldwater Memorial Hospital on Roosevelt Island in New York, NY  Following his body's cremation, his ashes were reportedly "placed in his favorite cigar box "

Filmography
Film
Television
Theater
Electoral history
Passage 9:
Q101 Chicago
WKQX (101 1 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Chicago, Illinois, featuring an alternative rock format known as "Q101"  Owned by Cumulus Media, the station serves the Chicago metropolitan area  WKQX's studios are located in the NBC Tower, while the station transmitter is located atop the John Hancock Center  In addition to a standard analog transmission, WKQX broadcasts over two HD Radio channels, and is available online 
WKQX is best known for carrying an alternative rock format that, from 1992 until 2011 and since 2022, has used the "Q101" brand  A sale of the station to Merlin Media in August 2011 saw outgoing owner Emmis Communications sell the "Q101 Chicago" name, intellectual property and all underlying trademarks for a unrelated internet radio station bearing the same name, while WKQX itself flipped to all-news radio under Merlin Media as WWWN, then to adult contemporary as WIQI  Reverting to alternative under a long-term local marketing agreement by Cumulus Media in 2014, the station branded instead under the restored WKQX call sign until Cumulus reacquired the Q101 trademarks on May 3, 2022  A former NBC Radio owned-and-operated station, WKQX's studios were located in the Merchandise Mart from the station's 1948 launch to 2016; the station relocated to the NBC Tower, the current home of onetime sister station WMAQ-TV, on August 4, 2016 WKQX-HD2 airs a classic rock format branded as "The Loop" that was previously heard on the former WLUP (97 9 FM), now WCKL 

History
The NBC years
NBC, which had an owned-and-operated station in Chicago since 1931 with WMAQ (670 AM), signed on WMAQ-FM on October 13, 1948, from studios in the Merchandise Mart  Its transmitter was located atop the Civic Opera Building, where it broadcast with an ERP of 24,000 watts  In its early years, WMAQ-FM generally operated as an outright simulcast of WMAQ The station began airing a classical music format afternoons and evenings in 1966, though it continued to simulcast WMAQ during mornings and early afternoons  By the early 1970s, it had adopted an easy listening format  In 1970, the station's transmitter was moved to the John Hancock Center In late 1972, WMAQ-FM adopted an automated adult hits format, with programming from TM Productions  In 1974, the station's call letters were changed to WJOI  In January 1975, WMAQ 670 adopted a country music format  WJOI followed suit, and aired an automated country music format aimed at a somewhat younger audience than WMAQ, with programming from TM Productions In June 1975, the station's call letters were changed to WNIS-FM, and it adopted an all news format carrying NBC Radio Network's News and Information Service (NIS) In January 1977, the station's call sign was changed to WKQX, and it adopted an album-oriented rock format  The program director was Bob Pittman, who later created MTV and is now CEO of iHeartMedia  Bob Heymann served as assistant program director and morning drive host, and Bob King was the music director  Mitch Michaels did afternoon drive and Lorna Ozmon did nights In the spring of 1977, Chicago gained another AOR station, WLUP, resulting in four FM rock stations (WKQX, WXRT, WDAI, and WLUP) competing against each other  By January 1979, WDAI switched to an all-disco format and WKQX became an adult contemporary station; Joel Sebastian hosted mornings 

Q101
In the early 1980s, WKQX began to be branded "Q-101"  By the mid-1980s, the station had evolved into a Hot AC format  During this period, the station carried Sexually Speaking with Dr  Ruth Westheimer From 1983 to 1993, Robert Murphy was the morning drive host on Q101  Tommy Edwards joined the station as program director in 1986  Starting in 1987, NBC began a two-year-long divestiture of their radio properties  In 1988, Emmis Communications purchased WKQX, along with four other NBC radio stations, for $121 5 million 
In the mid to late 1980s, WKQX aired an adult top 40 format, with the slogan "Today's Music"  Q101 continued to evolve, and on July 14, 1992, WKQX adopted an alternative rock format as "Chicago's New Rock Alternative"  Bill Gamble was the station's Program Director  
In July 1993, former MTV VJ Mark Goodman was hired as morning host, replacing Robert Murphy, but he remained in this position less than a year  In July 1998, Q101 became the new home of Mancow Muller's morning show after he left WRCX the previous month Specialty shows on the station, like Local 101, showcased promising local acts, many of whom went on to achieve greater prominence On April 1, 2005, WKQX went "on shuffle", with its playlist expanded from 200 to approximately 1,000 songs  Instead of focusing solely on new music, they expanded their playlist to include classic alternative rock from the 1980s and 1990s, and some 1970s artists  Mancow was dropped by the station on July 14, 2006, with Emmis Communications replacing his show with one that they felt would better appeal to their target demographic On September 18, 2006, Q101 launched The Morning Fix, a morning show led by former WXDX-FM Pittsburgh personality Alan Cox, and presented in a manner similar to The Daily Show, featuring a blend of current events and pop culture  However, on November 9, 2007, The Morning Fix underwent major changes when it was decided that morning airtime would be more wisely used playing music; the changes resulted in only 2 of the shows' original 6 members remaining, Alan Cox and Jim "Jesus" Lynam  On August 1, 2008, Cox and Lynam were let go, with management moving Brian Sherman and Steve Tingle from afternoons to the morning slot During its tenure as an alternative rock station, WKQX served as host to several music festivals and events, mainly Jamboree at Tweeter Center in Tinley Park every June, and Twisted (formerly Twisted Christmas) at various venues every December 

Purchase by Merlin Media
On June 21, 2011, Emmis announced that it would sell WKQX, sister station WLUP-FM, and WRXP-FM in New York City to Merlin Media, whose CEO was former Tribune Company and Clear Channel Communications executive Randy Michaels  Emmis, who retained a minority stake in Merlin Media, granted Merlin a local marketing agreement to operate WKQX and WLUP-FM from July 15 until the sale officially closed on September 1  A format flip for WKQX, from alternative rock to all-news, was rumored after the sale was announced  Michaels was on record as saying, "My favorite format has always been spoken radio    it's time for spoken word to move to FM "The entire airstaff at Q101 was dismissed upon Merlin Media's formal takeover that July 14  That same day, Emmis sold off the "Q101" name, related intellectual properties, and the Q101 com web domain, to Broadcast Barter Radio Networks Q101's final on-air staffed show, "Local 101", concluded at approximately 1:01 a m  on July 15; the program ended with "Tonight, Tonight" by Chicago-based The Smashing Pumpkins, The Cure's "Friday I'm in Love" (the first song played at Q101's 1992 inception as an alternative station), and formal goodbyes by Chris Payne, Pogo, and other Q101 staffers  Q101 would continue solely as an online stream programmed, in part, by Emmis' KROX-FM, before BBRN eventually relaunched it as an internet-only station  WKQX itself continued without on-air staffing until Midnight on July 19; after playing "Closing Time" by Semisonic, WKQX began stunting with adult contemporary music along with news reports as "FM New"  Robert Murphy returned to the station after 19 years to host mornings along with Lise Dominique for a few weeks until the full format switch took place 

FM News 101 1
On July 21, 2011, WKQX changed its call letters to WWWN, a call sign moved from a silent signal in Watseka, Illinois licensed to Randy Michaels' Radioactive LLC  Eight days after the call letter change, on July 29, at 4 p m , WWWN launched an all-news format branded as "FM News 101 1 "At the outset, "FM News 101 1" sought to differentiate itself from WBBM by highlighting its round-the-clock newswheel (as opposed to Chicago Bears flagship WBBM), aiming for a looser, less formal news presentation with a conversational tone, and deviating from hard news in favor of lifestyle, health and entertainment features  The initial on-air and newsroom staff at "FM News 101 1" included several with Chicago radio ties, including Debra Dale and Jennifer O'Neill (both WBBM alumna), Brant Miller and Monica DeSantis (WLS alums), and Ed Curran and Rob Hart (WGN alums)  The station's call letters were changed again in December 2011 to WIQI "FM News 101 1" was criticized in its early weeks for what was seen as an amateurish, unpolished, and unprepared presentation  Moreover, Merlin's top management (including Michaels) admitted that the format for both stations were still a work in progress, and "FM News" underwent a continual series of format adjustments  These included: the addition of sports and business updates; the "informal" testing of a news partnership with WMAQ-TV; and the addition of daily commentary segments from Clark Howard and Lionel  Later staff changes and reassignments at the station would lead to an increased reliance on "shared anchor arrangements" with its New York counterpart WEMP, as well as a non-linear, voicetracking-style of arranging reports, sometimes without any anchor transitions  WIQI also began an advertising campaign that included a controversial series of billboards using the face of imprisoned former Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich and the "He Never Listens    to FM News 101 1" tagline By June 2012, WIQI began phasing in blocks of "Expanded News Coverage" where the station entered a programming approach similar to talk radio  Personalities such as Mancow Muller, Neil Steinberg, Kevin Matthews, Mike North and Dan Jiggets and former WGN morning host Greg Jarrett all hosted informal auditions under the "Expanded News Coverage" banner  Jarrett himself was promoted to host morning drive on WIQI during the formats' final three weeks of existence In spite of constant format tweaks and alterations, the all-news format failed to achieve better than a 0 4 Arbitron ratings share  "FM News" was outperformed by the final ratings book for "Q101" and WKQX-LP, the aural signal of a low-power analog television station operated by Merlin under a local marketing agreement with an alternative rock format dubbed "Q87 7" 

i101
At 9 a m  (CT) on July 17, 2012, with both WIQI and WEMP languishing on the eve of their one-year anniversaries, "FM News" was abruptly dropped on both stations  WIQI flipped to a 1990s-centric adult hits format targeted at females between the ages of 18 and 49, and was branded as "i101"  The first song on "i101" was Bye Bye Bye by NSYNC  With a few exceptions, most of the WIQI and WEMP news staffs were immediately dismissed, with subsequent layoffs occurring in the following weeks and months After one month on the air, "i101" would move towards a hot adult contemporary approach  "i101" included some limited use of on-air staff, including morning host and former WLUP-FM staffer Jane Monzures, who shared morning duties with fellow "Loop" alum Pete McMurray between August and October 2012  In late 2013, the station shifted to a rhythmic adult contemporary format 

101 WKQX
On January 3, 2014, Merlin Media announced a local marketing agreement (LMA) with Cumulus Media that would see Cumulus take over operations of WIQI, WLUP and WKQX-LP  The deal, which includes an option for Cumulus to purchase WIQI and WLUP, resulted in Merlin relinquishing operations of its last remaining radio stations, and also saw an expansion of Cumulus' Chicago cluster, which includes WLS and WLS-FM  Cumulus executives indicated that they, at the time of rebranding, had no intentions of acquiring back the online rendition of "Q101" and related intellectual properties from the stations' 1992-2011 era In announcing the LMA, Cumulus indicated that it would move the alternative rock format from WKQX-LP onto the 101 1 facility  The move took place on January 10, 2014, when the stations began a transitional simulcast  "Closing Time" by Semisonic was the last song played on "i101", while the first song played on the 101 1/87 7 simulcast was "Times Like These" by Foo Fighters  The simulcast ended February 17, 2014, when Merlin Media's LMA for 87 7 ended and Tribune Broadcasting began a local marketing agreement for the station (which is now WRME-LD)  The WKQX call sign was restored on the 101 1 facility on January 17 101 WKQX's airstaff initially included Brian Phillips, Lou Lombardo, Lauren O'Neil, PJ Kling, and "wALT" (Walter Flakus of Stabbing Westward)  In September 2015, Portland radio personality Marconi joined WKQX to host weeknights (replacing PJ Kling)  Marconi left WKQX in January 2018  Brian Sherman, former on-air personality at Q101 from 2001 to 2011, and one half of the duo Sherman and Tingle, was hired as an on-air personality for weekends  Sherman retained his weekday on air role at suburban classic rocker WFXF  Russell Tanzillo from North Central College's WONC joined as a weekend host in September 2015  In April 2016, the station hired James VanOsdol, another former Q101 personality, to host a new local music showcase titled "Demo 312" (in reference to Chicago's well-known main area code) 

In November 2015, WKQX and WLUP announced their move from the Merchandise Mart, where the 101 1 frequency has been broadcast from since first taking the airwaves in 1948, in favor of a new studio at the NBC Tower  Until the new facility was completed, WKQX broadcast from a temporary facility at 190 N  State  On August 4, 2016, the move of WKQX and WLUP to the NBC Tower was finalized In January 2018, as part of Cumulus Media's bankruptcy proceedings, the company requested that a U S  Bankruptcy Court release the company from several "extremely unprofitable" contracts, including its LMAs with WLUP and WKQX  Cumulus stated that under the agreement, which carries a monthly fee of $600,000, the company had lost $8 4 million on the two Merlin stations  WLUP was sold by Merlin to the Educational Media Foundation  On April 3, 2018, it was announced that Cumulus would acquire WKQX and the intellectual property of WLUP for $18 million  The sale to Cumulus was consummated on June 15, 2018 

Returning to Q101
On April 18, 2022, Cumulus Media announced their purchase of Q101 Chicago from Broadcast Barter Radio Networks, as well as the Q101 com domain name, all underlying trademarks and related intellectual property that Emmis had divested in 2011  Cumulus Chicago Vice President/Market Manager Marv Nyren revealed to Daily Herald journalist Robert Feder that discussions had been ongoing for over four years to reacquire rights to the "Q101" brand  The internet station ceased operations, while WKQX reverted to "Q101" during the station's "10th anniversary" concert on May 3, 2022 (celebrating the launch of the current iteration of the format over the former WKQX-LP) 
Passage 10:
KWPW
KWPW (107 9 FM, "Power 108") is a radio station broadcasting a contemporary hit radio format  Licensed to Robinson, Texas, United States, the station serves the Waco area   The station is currently owned by Bill McCutcheon   Its studios are located in Waco, and its transmitter is located in Waco near the VA Hospital 

History
The station began in 1972 as KCIR in Corsicana Texas  The call letters stood for "The Golden 'CIR'cle"  It was assigned the call letters KXCL-FM on April 12, 1983   On February 1, 1985, the station changed its call sign to KAND-FM, matching the AM sister station on 1340  After its purchase by Marcos A  Rodriguez in 1994, the call sign was changed on January 19 to KICI-FM, then again on February 20, 1998 to KDXX-FM  In 2001, KDXX applied for and was granted a move from Corsicana to better serve Waco, Texas  It was relicensed to Robinson, Texas as it is currently  On January 11, 2002 the calls changed to KDOS, on April 30, 2005 to KHCK, and on August 27, 2010 to the current KWPW 

KWPW-HD2
On August 7, 2017, KWPW launched a Spanish CHR format on its HD2 subchannel, branded as "Latino 93 5" (simulcast on FM translator K228FK 93 5 FM Waco) 
Context 3: )  Miller-Boyett thought that it would not be a big player on ABC after the network's recent purchase by Disney Miller-Boyett Productions agreed to a $40 million offer from CBS for a 22-episode season for both Family Matters and Step By Step  CBS scheduled Family Matters along with Meego and Step By Step as a part of its new Friday lineup, branded as the CBS Block Party  The network scheduled the family-oriented block against ABC's TGIF lineup, where the two series originated  Jo Marie Payton's contract had just expired and she was reluctant to continue, feeling the show had jumped the shark years prior  She agreed to stay to keep continuity but left midseason shortly after very nearly getting into a physical altercation with White in what would be her last regular episode; in that episode, White (playing a gangster instead of his usual Urkel) was attempting to insert material that violated Broadcast Standards and Practices  The resulting dispute between White and Payton escalated to the point where Darius McCrary had to separate the two  Payton would appear in only one more episode after that—a Christmas episode that also brought back several former characters from the ABC run who had been written out on CBS—before Judyann Elder took over as Harriette for the remainder of the season 
While Family Matters continued to lose viewership compared to previous years, it was initially a modest success on CBS, beating the show that replaced it, You Wish  Meego, however, was a ratings failure and was canceled after six weeks  Near the end of the ninth season, the cast was informed that a tenth and final season was planned, so scripts and plot synopses were written for the show  After the holiday special season, CBS replaced Meego with Kids Say the Darndest Things, and with that show's child-centered focus, it was placed in Family Matters' 8/7c time slot, with Family Matters pushed an hour later and paired with Step by Step  The ratings for Family Matters fell even further in this later slot, and the entire block except for Kids Say    was canceled in spring 1998, with the remaining episodes burned off in the summer,  On November 28, 2019 Bryton McClure who played the 2nd version of Richard "Richie" Crawford Sayed To OWN  "it was about time, relationships gone a little south and time to move on", on November 28th, 2020  TV One Did a Thanksgiving Marathon called Family Matters: Turkel 
Marathon, Michelle Thomas went to talk to fellow co-star Reginald VelJohnson that she was sick, and the rest of the main cast never said their goodbyes after 25 years of her passing

Cast
Episodes
Production notes
Family Matters was created by William Bickley and Michael Warren (who also wrote for, and were producers of, parent series Perfect Strangers) and developed by Thomas L  Miller and Robert L  Boyett (who also served as executive producers on Perfect Strangers); all four also served as executive producers of the series  The series was produced by Miller-Boyett Productions, in association with Lorimar Television who co-produced the show until 1993, when Warner Bros  Television absorbed Lorimar (a sister company under the co-ownership of Time Warner) 
Starting with season three, the series was also produced by Bickley-Warren Productions  The series was filmed in front of a live studio audience; the Lorimar-produced episodes were shot at Lorimar Studios (later Sony Pictures Studios) in Culver City, California, while the Warner Bros -produced episodes were filmed at Warner Bros  Studios in nearby Burbank 
The show's original theme was Louis Armstrong's "What a Wonderful World"; it was scrapped after the fifth episode of season one ("Straight A's"), though it was heard only in the pilot episode in syndicated reruns  The second theme, "As Days Go By", written by Jesse Frederick, Bennett Salvay and Scott Roeme and performed by Frederick, was the theme for the majority of the series until 1995  The sixth season's opening credits was last used in the season seven episodes "Talk's Cheap" and "Fa La La La Laagghh", the only two episodes during the final three seasons to feature the theme song (this was heard in season one episodes in ABC Family and syndicated airings)  A longer version of "As Days Go By" was used during the first three seasons, though in syndicated reruns the short version is heard (in ABC Family airings, the long theme was used for all of the episodes during the first three seasons) 
Family Matters is set in the same fictional universe as several other TV shows related to ABC's TGIF or CBS's Block Party  Before Family Matters, Harriette Winslow was originally the elevator operator at the Chicago Chronicle newspaper office in the third and fourth seasons of Perfect Strangers  Family Matters was a spin-off series given to this character in 1989  Characters from Family Matters appeared on other shows, including Full House, Boy Meets World, Step by Step and Meego 

Syndication
In September 1993, Warner Bros  Television Distribution began distributing Family Matters for broadcast in off-network syndication; most television stations stopped carrying the show by around 2002, though some stations in larger markets such as WTOG in Tampa, Florida continued to air Family Matters until as recently as 2005 and New York's WPIX as 2006  In 1995, reruns of the series began airing on TBS Superstation, where it ran until 2003  TBS would air two episodes of Family Matters each weekday afternoon from October 1995 to September 1999   From 1999 to 2003, TBS only aired the series once per weekday typically playing in the early mornings  The series would return to TBS 17 years later on February 3, 2020 and airs in the early morning time slots paired with George Lopez 
From 1997 to 2003, reruns of the series aired on WGN America  In 2003, ABC Family picked up the series and aired it for five years until February 29, 2008  From 2004 to 2006, UPN aired the show for 2 years  BET aired reruns briefly in December 2009 and began airing the series on a regular basis on March 1, 2013; the series returned to BET in mid-February 2023  MTV2 also began airing reruns on September 7, 2013  The show aired on Nick at Nite from June 29, 2008 to December 31, 2012  ABC Family and Nick at Nite airings cut the tag scenes at the end of all episodes, despite the fact that many episodes during the series have tag scenes during the closing credits  The series also currently airs on TV One since 2019  In Canada, the series also aired on CTV, CBC and currently airs on Family Channel 
On September 29, 2017, Family Matters became available for streaming on Hulu  In the UK it aired on Sky One whilst Perfect Strangers aired on BBC One 
Reruns of the series also started airing on Cartoon Network's ACME Night block on September 19, 2021 
On October 1, 2021, Family Matters began streaming on HBO Max after its streaming rights expired from Hulu, but has since returned to the Hulu platform 

International airings
In France, it aired as La Vie de famille (Family Life) as part of the show Club Dorothée on January 1, 1995 and on RTL9 (from August 28, 1995), France 2 & M6 (from June 1, 2000) 
In Italy, it aired as Otto sotto un tetto (Eight under one roof) on Canale 5, Italia 1 in 1992, with subsequent airings on Fox Retro & Sky Atlantic 

Home media
Warner Home Video has released the first four seasons of Family Matters on DVD in Region 1 while the remaining five seasons were released by the Warner Archive Collection  On February 4, 2014, Warner Home Video released season 4 on DVD, but consumers complained when it was found that the season 4 set contained syndication edits rather than the original broadcast masters  Warner Bros  responded to the complaints, offered a replacement program to receive corrected discs and reissuing the set with corrected broadcast copies on April 4, 2014  All episodes are the original broadcast form, except for the episode "Number One With a Bullet", disc 1, episode 6  The entire series is also available for digital download on Amazon com and the iTunes Store, all but season 6 remastered in both SD and HD 

Animated Christmas TV movie
On September 1, 2021, it was announced an animated Christmas film Did I Do That to the Holidays? A Steve Urkel Story would air on Cartoon Network as part of the block ACME Night in 2022  It was set to be released on HBO Max  However, on August 22, 2022, it was announced the film will not be moving forward on HBO Max and will be shopped elsewhere due to the Warner Bros  Discovery merger  Current bidders are Apple TV+, Hulu and Netflix 

Accolades
Notes
Passage 4:
Michelle Thomas
Michelle Doris Thomas (September 23, 1968 – December 23, 1998) was an American actress  She was known for her roles as Justine Phillips on the NBC sitcom The Cosby Show (1988–90), as Myra Monkhouse on the ABC/CBS sitcom Family Matters (1993–98), and as Callie Rogers on the CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless (1998) 

Early life and education
Michelle Thomas was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, on September 23, 1968, to Phynjuar "Penwah" Thomas, a stage actress, and musician father Dennis "Dee Tee" Thomas, a saxophonist and founding member of the band Kool & the Gang  Thomas grew up in Montclair, New Jersey, and graduated from West Essex High School in 1987 As a child, she would accompany her mother to her theater rehearsals and performances  Her mother was her first acting coach, and coached her throughout the course of her career  A friend of her mother who had heard Michelle Thomas sing before had requested that she enter Miss Talented Teens  Thomas was crowned Miss Talented Teen New Jersey at the state's Hal Jackson's Talented Teen pageant, and then in July 1984, at the age of 15, she was crowned Miss Talented Teen International in Montego Bay, Jamaica from among 35 state and national representatives 

Career
In 1983, Michelle Thomas appeared in her first television commercial  In December 1984, she appeared with Hal Jackson on Soul Train after having won the Miss Talented Teen International pageant earlier in the year From 1988 to 1990, Thomas portrayed Justine Phillips, the girlfriend of Theo Huxtable, on The Cosby Show  She appeared on various television programs, including A Man Called Hawk in 1989 and Thea in 1994  Thomas had a role in Dream Date in 1989 and had a small role in Hangin' with the Homeboys in 1991 
Thomas appeared in music videos for Mint Condition, Chubb Rock, and Dru Hill  Her publicist was Kahdijah Bell, daughter of Ronald Bell of Kool & the Gang  Thomas was a guest host of the weekly music series Soul Train in May 1996 and March 1997 From 1993 to 1998, she portrayed the role of Myra Monkhouse, the girlfriend of Steve Urkel, on Family Matters  After the sitcom ended in 1998, Thomas portrayed Callie Rogers, an aspiring singer and love interest of Malcolm Winters, on the daytime soap The Young and the Restless  In October 1998, Thomas took a medical leave from the series due to her ill health  Thomas had been in the studio recording music before her sudden turn in health  She appeared posthumously in the role of Anne in the film Unbowed in 1999 

Health and death
In August 1997, Thomas was diagnosed with a rare cancer, an intra-abdominal desmoplastic small-round-cell tumor (DSRCT)  Thomas never smoked or drank alcohol, and was a vegetarian  Her mother added that "they'd give her a sedation that was supposed to put her out for 20 minutes and she'd be asleep for four days  Her body couldn't take it " Thomas underwent surgery to remove a lemon-sized tumor shortly before landing her The Young and the Restless role in the spring of 1998  She underwent surgery again in October 1998 after a second cancerous growth ruptured  After being released from the hospital, Thomas flew home to New Jersey to spend Thanksgiving with her family in Weehawken, New Jersey On December 23, at age 30, Thomas died in New York City at Manhattan's Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center  Malcolm-Jamal Warner, Thomas' longtime friend and former boyfriend, was among those at her bedside  On December 26, 1998, a Muslim funeral service was held, per her request  She was buried in New Jersey 

Filmography
Film
Television
Music videos
Honors
Passage 5:
Boy Meets World (season 2)
The second season of the television comedy series Boy Meets World aired between September 23, 1994 and May 19, 1995, on ABC in the United States  The season was produced by Michael Jacobs Productions and Touchstone Television with series creator Michael Jacobs as executive producer  It was broadcast as part of the ABC comedy block TGIF on Friday evenings  This is the last season to have Lily Nicksay portray Morgan Matthews   (She would be replaced by Lindsay Ridgeway in season three )

Cast
Main
Ben Savage as Cory Matthews
William Daniels as George Feeny
Betsy Randle as Amy Matthews
Will Friedle as Eric Matthews
Rider Strong as Shawn Hunter
Danielle Fishel as Topanga Lawrence
Lily Nicksay as Morgan Matthews
Anthony Tyler Quinn as Jonathan Turner
William Russ as Alan Matthews

Episodes
Passage 6:
Twenty Vicodin
"Twenty Vicodin" is the eighth season premiere episode of the American television medical drama series House and the 156th overall episode of the series  It aired on Fox on October 3, 2011  The episode introduces a new regular cast member to the series, Odette Annable, who plays Dr  Jessica Adams  Jaleel White, who played Steve Urkel on the ABC show Family Matters, makes a guest appearance in the episode  In the episode, the storyline picks up eleven months after the season seventh finale with House in prison 

Plot
Eight months after being imprisoned for driving his car into Cuddy's living room, House has five days before he is granted parole, to which he has become eligible due to space issues and relatively good behavior  He is faced with prison bullies, mainly their leader (Jude Ciccolella), who extorts him into paying them "twenty Vicodin" as "exit tax", and meets Jessica Adams (Odette Annable), a young prison doctor who becomes fascinated with his medical skills  When a fellow prisoner collapses due to mysterious symptoms, House races against the clock and the head prison doctor to find the cure   During his imprisonment period, House has not had any phone calls or visitors; as House explains, human contact is what brought him there to begin with   In the end, House cures the man, but not without punishment from the parole board 

Production
"Twenty Vicodin", the eighth season premiere of House, was written by Peter Blake  It debuted actress Odette Annable as Dr  Jessica Adams, a doctor working at the prison where Dr  House is incarcerated  David Shore stated that it was a challenge for him to appropriately punish House for the deed in the season 7 finale without turning the series into a prison show or changing House's characteristics (while changing the environment around him, i e  removing Cuddy and "chilling" his relationship with Wilson), and that is why he decided to pick up the story eight months after House's incarceration 

Reception
Critical reception
The episode was received with generally good reviews  The A V  Club initially gave this episode a B− rating  Anthony Ocasio of ScreenRant com gave the episode a positive review, stating "the House season 8 premiere presents a wonderfully crafted case study, penned by executive producer Peter Blake, on the man that is House, in which Hugh Laurie masterfully traverses a new environment filled with intriguing challenges and compelling characters " Joseph Oliveto from screencrave com gave the episode a very good review, awarding the episode 9/10



ground_truth: Bill McCutcheon

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Which American actor portray Steve Urkel in "Family Matters"

The following are given passages.
Context 3:  Oliveto commented that Twenty Vicodin was "A tense season-opener [that] assures us that “House” hasn’t lost the magic" 

Ratings
With 9 78 million viewers, "Twenty Vicodin" was the 8th most watched program of the night  This was a decrease of 0 76 million viewers from the season seven premiere, but an increase of 0 67 million from the season 7 finale  The episode was the 14th most watched program of the week for adults 18-49  The season premiere was the second most watched program of the week in Canada with 2 81 million viewers 
Passage 7:
Shawn Harrison (actor)
Shawn Harrison (born December 28, 1973) is an American actor best known for his role as Waldo Faldo, the dim-witted but lovable chef-in-training on the ABC sitcom Family Matters from 1990 to 1996 Before sixth grade, he appeared in seven commercials such as Fruity Pebbles and Burger King  In 1986, Harrison made an appearance in the Kidsongs video "I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing" in the role of Mike  His mother died when he was 17 
Harrison has also made occasional appearances as the hairstylist Peaches on the UPN sitcom Girlfriends, and made several guest appearances on other series prior to that, including Moesha 
He provided the voice of Timber Wolf on the animated series Legion of Super Heroes, which premiered in fall 2006  He was also in an episode of Punky Brewster  He also played William K in two episodes The Ms  Pat Show 

Filmography
Film
Television
Passage 8:
Total Blackout
Total Blackout is an American game show airing on Syfy that features contestants that have to complete challenges such as: identifying things with either their hands, nose, or mouth; gathering items; or getting from point A to Point B while being totally in the dark (hence the name "Total Blackout")  The host of the show is Jaleel White, known for roles like Steve Urkel on the ABC/CBS sitcom Family Matters, and Sonic the Hedgehog in three animated shows  Each episode has four players competing to win $5,000  On occasion, episodes will feature four teams of two  The player or team who either takes the longest to do a certain task or identifies the fewest items in the allowed time is eliminated at the end of each round  The show was renewed for a second season by SyFy that started on October 30, 2012  Season 1 and 2 are now available on iTunes 
The show is originally Danish and first aired in Denmark (created by Henrik Nielsen) on Kanal 5 in 2011, where Uffe Holm was host of the show  The show was later adapted to a U S version 

Episodes
Season 1 (2012)
Season 2 (2013)
Passage 9:
Jaleel White
Jaleel Ahmad White (born November 27, 1976) is an American actor  He is best known for his role as Steve Urkel on the sitcom Family Matters  The character was originally intended to be a one-time guest appearance on the show; however, he was an instant hit with audiences and White became a regular cast member  The series aired for a total of nine seasons, from 1989 to 1997 on ABC, mostly on its Friday night TGIF lineup, and from 1997 to 1998 on CBS, again on Friday nights, via their short-lived CBS Block Party attempt  White then reprised his role as Urkel for the first time in 21 years in the 2019 series Scooby-Doo and Guess Who? 
White is also the first actor to voice the popular Sega video game character Sonic the Hedgehog in animated media, doing so in Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog, Sonic the Hedgehog (also known as Sonic SatAM) and Sonic Underground, all of which were produced by the now-defunct DIC Entertainment studio  He then reprised his role as Sonic in the 2013 Sonic fan film 
After Family Matters ended, White went on to star in the short-lived UPN comedy series Grown Ups (1999–2000)  White then took brief hiatus from acting to attend UCLA in Los Angeles, California, where he graduated in 2001, earning a degree in film and television  He returned to acting with supporting roles in Dreamgirls (2006), and cameo appearances on another ABC series, Boston Legal, Fox's House, ABC's Castle, and USA's Psych  In 2010, he portrayed Dr  McCormick in the sci-fi film Mega Shark Versus Crocosaurus  In March 2012, White was a contestant in season 14 of Dancing with the Stars before he was voted off in May of that year, leaving him with a 7th place finish overall  In April 2012, White hosted the Syfy game show Total Blackout  In January 2017, White appeared in Bones as Officer Adams  In 2020, White had a recurring role in the one season-long Netflix series The Big Show Show 

Early life
White was born in Culver City, California, the only child of Michael White, a dentist, and Gail White, who was a homemaker  His mother later became his manager  White attended John Marshall Fundamental High School in Pasadena, California, and South Pasadena High School before graduating from UCLA in 2001  On the advice of his preschool teacher, White began acting as a child  He got his start on TV commercials at age three  One of White's notable commercial appearances was for Jell-O pudding pops alongside Bill Cosby 

Career
After starting his career at the age of three, White's first television role was a guest stint on The Jeffersons, in 1984  He later auditioned for the role of Rudy Huxtable on The Cosby Show  According to White, he was cast in the role (the character was originally intended to be male) but was replaced by Keshia Knight Pulliam when Bill Cosby decided to mirror his television family after his real life family  The following year, he was cast as the son of Flip Wilson and Gladys Knight on the CBS sitcom Charlie and Company  The series was intended to be CBS' answer to the highly rated Cosby Show which debuted on NBC in 1984  Unlike The Cosby Show, Charlie and Company did not catch on with audiences and was canceled in May 1986  In 1987, he appeared in the pilot episode for Good Morning, Miss Bliss, and had a guest role on Mr  Belvedere  In 1988, White had a supporting role in Cadets, a sitcom starring Soleil Moon Frye  The pilot episode aired during a preview special on September 25, 1988, on ABC  The series, however, was not picked up by the network  Also during the 1980s, he appeared in a few segments of NBC's One to Grow On 
White had a role in the NBC television film Camp Cucamonga  The film features an ensemble cast including Sherman Hemsley, Jennifer Aniston, and Brian Robbins  Several other child actors of the era including Chad Allen, Candace Cameron, Danica McKellar, Josh Saviano, and Breckin Meyer also appear 

Family Matters
At the age of 12, White originated his most famous role, Steve Urkel, on Family Matters   The role was initially conceived as a one-time guest appearance, but the character proved to be popular and White was given a full-time starring role  He also played several other members of the Urkel family, including his alter ego Stefan Urquelle and Myrtle Urkel  During the height of Family Matters' popularity, the character of Urkel was marketed with breakfast cereal (Urkel-Os) and an Urkel doll  In addition to starring in the series, White also wrote several episodes, including one, at age 19, that was the series' highest rated for that year  The series was a staple of ABC's TGIF lineup and became one of the longest-running sitcoms with a predominantly black cast in television history In 1992, he was featured in The Jaleel White Special, in which he played a fictionalized version of himself making a film, while also playing Steve Urkel By the time the series ended in 1998, White, who was then 21 years old, was disillusioned with the role, and had been shaken by the death of his close friend and co-star Michelle Thomas from an aggressive form of stomach cancer  Shortly after the series' cancellation, he stated in a 1999 interview, "If you ever see me do that character again, take me out and put a bullet in my head and put me out of my misery " Due to the character's popularity, White was so tightly defined by his Urkel character that he encountered difficulty finding other roles In later years, White came to terms with the character  In a 2011 interview with Vanity Fair, he addressed the 1999 "bullet" quote stating, "It's one of those things that it's very unfortunate how quotes are taken out of context  I remember that interview very vividly  I loved playing those characters     But the fact is that I was maturing      To be honest, I was retarding my own growth as a man to maintain the authenticity to what I thought that character should be " When asked if he would ever reprise the Steve Urkel role, White said, "I'll always say never say never; I'm a pretty creative person  I can't envision how I could do it in a way that would be irreverent and fun for both me and the viewing audience" 

Other career highlights
White was the original English voice of the popular video game character Sonic the Hedgehog, having been cast in 1993 (pre-dating Martin Burke and Ryan Drummond)  He voiced the character in all of the DiC-produced animated series: Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog, Sonic SatAM, and Sonic Underground, as well as the Christmas special, Sonic Christmas Blast  In Underground, White also voiced Sonic's brother and sister, Manic and Sonia  White did not return to voice Sonic when Sonic X was released in 2003 
In 1999, White returned to television in the UPN sitcom Grown Ups  The series was based around White as a young man striking out into adulthood  He also co-produced and wrote some episodes for the show, in which he starred as "J", a college graduate struggling to establish his role in life as an adult  The pilot episode featured another former child actor, Soleil Moon Frye, known for her role as Punky Brewster, as the girl whom he chose as a roommate  The show received poor reviews from critics but debuted in second place in the ratings upon its premiere  However, ratings soon dropped and UPN canceled the series after one season White's acting roles have not been restricted to sitcoms  He has provided his voice to several animated projects including Warner Bros ' 1998 film Quest for Camelot  In 1999, he provided the voice for a teenaged Martin Luther King Jr , in Our Friend, Martin 
In 2001, White graduated from UCLA with a degree in film and television  He has continued acting and has had small parts in the films Big Fat Liar (in a cameo role) and Dreamgirls, and was featured as the lead role in the direct-to-DVD comedy Who Made the Potatoe Salad? in 2006  In 2007, he guest-starred on the CW series The Game, followed by a role as a law school graduate interviewing for a job at Crane, Poole and Schmidt in the ABC legal drama Boston Legal In June 2009, White began appearing in the web series Road to the Altar  In the series, White stars as Simon, a 30-something black man marrying a young Jewish girl named Rochelle  In September 2009, White guest starred on the USA Network series Psych, as an estranged college singing buddy of the character Gus 
In June 2010, White starred in the web series Fake It Till You Make It  He also serves as writer and producer of the series  The series, which premiered on Hulu, follows the exploits of former child star Reggie Cullen (White) turned image consultant and his three protégés as they hustle to navigate Hollywood  In March 2011, White guest starred on the TBS sitcom Are We There Yet?, which reunited him with fellow Family Matters cast member Telma Hopkins  Later that same year, White appeared as the star in Cee-Lo Green's music video for his song "Cry Baby" In October 2011, White appeared in the season 8 premiere of House, titled "Twenty Vicodin", where he appears as a well-connected inmate, occasionally helping Hugh Laurie's character Gregory House to sneak contraband into the prison  In April 2012, White began hosting the Syfy game show Total Blackout In March 2012, White began competing on the 14th season of Dancing with the Stars  He was partnered with two-time dance champion Kym Johnson  In the opening night's performance, White and Johnson danced the Foxtrot to "The Way You Look Tonight"  They earned a total of 26 points out of 30  White was voted off the series in May 2012 In 2015, White appeared in a Scion commercial In 2017, it was announced that CBS picked up his single camera comedy series Me, Myself & I with Bobby Moynihan, that premiered in September 2017  After six episodes, it was pulled from the fall schedule, leaving seven episodes unaired, with the network airing the remaining episodes in the summer 

Personal life
White dated actress Christine Lakin from fellow TGIF show Step by Step in the early 90s 
White has one daughter, Samaya (born in 2009), with ex-girlfriend Bridget Hardy In 2021, White announced the launch of his ItsPurpl line of cannabis products featuring the Purple Urkle strain, set for debut on April 20 at California dispensaries White has a memorial set up in his home for his Family Matters co-star Michelle Thomas, who died in 1998 of stomach cancer, shortly after the series had wrapped  He has described Thomas as a 'big sister' who was, for a period of time in the early seasons of the show, his closest friend on set, and has stated that his childhood seemed to officially end with her death 

Filmography
Film
Television
Web
Awards and nominations



ground_truth: Jaleel Ahmad White