prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Who is the paternal grandmother of King Kang Of Zhou?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Duke Ding of Qi
Duke Ding of Qi (Chinese: 齊丁公; pinyin: Qí Dīng Gōng; reigned c  10th century BC) was the second recorded ruler of the ancient Chinese state of Qi during the Western Zhou Dynasty   His personal name was Lü Ji (呂伋) and ancestral name was Jiang (姜) According to classical Chinese texts such as the Records of the Grand Historian and Zuo Zhuan, Duke Ding succeeded his father Lü Shang, Duke Tai of Qi, who was said to have been a centenarian   Duke Ding supposedly served King Kang of Zhou along with other major vassal state rulers including Xiong Yi, viscount of Chu, Count Kang of Wey (衞康伯), Xie, Marquis of Jin and Boqin, Duke of Lu   However, most modern historians believe Duke Ding was in fact the fifth-generation descendant of Duke Tai, and he could not have served King Kang of Zhou After Duke Ding died, he was succeeded by his son Duke Yǐ of Qi 

Family
Wives:

The mother of Crown Prince Dexing and Prince DeSons:

Prince Heng (公子衡), the progenitor of the Nie (聶) lineage
Served as the Minister of War of Wey
Fourth son, Crown Prince Dexing (世子德興), the progenitor of the Cui lineage and the father of Count Mu of Cui (崔穆伯)
Prince De (公子得; d  933 BC), ruled as Duke Yǐ of Qi from 974–933 BC
A son who ruled as the Count of Yi (懿)

Ancestry
Passage 2:
Tjuyu
Thuya (sometimes transliterated as Touiyou, Thuiu, Tuya, Tjuyu or Thuyu) was an Egyptian noblewoman and the mother of queen Tiye, and the wife of Yuya  She is the grandmother of Akhenaten, and great grandmother of Tutankhamun 

Biography
Thuya is believed to be a descendant of Queen Ahmose-Nefertari, and she held many official roles in the interwoven religion and government of ancient Egypt  She was involved in many religious cults; her titles included 'Singer of Hathor' and 'Chief of the Entertainers' of both Amun and Min  She also held the influential offices of Superintendent of the Harem of the god Min of Akhmin and of Amun of Thebes   She married Yuya, a powerful ancient Egyptian courtier of the Eighteenth Dynasty   She is believed to have died in around 1375 BC in her early to mid 50s 

Children
Yuya and Thuya had a daughter named Tiye, who became the Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Amenhotep III  The great royal wife was the highest Egyptian religious position, serving alongside of the pharaoh in official ceremonies and rituals 
Yuya and Thuya also had a son named Anen, who carried the titles Chancellor of Lower Egypt, Second Prophet of Amun, sm-priest of Heliopolis and Divine Father They also may have been the parents of Ay, an Egyptian courtier active during the reign of pharaoh Akhenaten who became pharaoh after the death of Tutankhamun  However, there is no conclusive evidence regarding the kinship of Yuya and Ay, although certainly, both men came from Akhmim 

Tomb
Thuya was interred in tomb KV46 in the Valley of the Kings, together with her husband Yuya, where their largely intact burial was found in 1905  It was the best-preserved tomb discovered in the Valley before that of Tutankhamun, Thuya's great-grandson  The tomb was discovered by a team of workmen led by archaeologist James Quibell on behalf of the American millionaire Theodore M  Davis  Though the tomb had been robbed in antiquity, much of its contents were still present, including beds, boxes, chests, a chariot, and the sarcophagi, coffins, and mummies of the two occupants Thuya's large gilded and black-painted wooden sarcophagus was placed against the south wall of the tomb  It is rectangular, with a lid shaped like the sloping roof of the per-wer shrine of Upper Egypt, and sits on ornamental sledge runners, their non-functionality underscored by the three battens attached below them  Ancient robbers had partially dismantled it to access her coffins and mummy, placing its lid and one long side on a bed on the other side of the tomb; the other long side had been leaned against the south wall  Her outer gilded anthropoid coffin had been removed, its lid placed atop the beds, and the trough put into the far corner of the tomb; the lid of her second (innermost) coffin, also gilded, had been removed and placed to one side although the trough and her mummy remained inside the sarcophagus  Quibell suggests this is due to the robbers having some difficulty in removing the lid of this coffin 

Mummy
Thuya's mummified body was found covered with a large sheet of linen, knotted at the back and secured by four bandages  These bands were covered with resin and opposite each band were her gilded titles cut from gold foil  The resin coating on the lower layers of bandages preserved the impression of a large broad collar  The mummy bands that had once covered her wrapped mummy were recovered above the storage jars on the far side of the room The first examination of her body was conducted by Australian anatomist Grafton Elliot Smith  He found her to be an elderly woman of small stature, 1 495 metres (4 90 ft) in height, with white hair  Both of her earlobes had two piercings  Her arms are straight at her sides with her hands against the outside of her thighs  Her embalming incision is stitched with thread, to which a carnelian barrel bead is attached at the lower end; her body cavity is stuffed with resin-soaked linen  When Dr  Douglas Derry, (who later conducted the first examination of Tutankhamun's mummy) assisting Smith in his examination, exposed Thuya's feet to get an accurate measurement of her height, he found her to be wearing gold foil sandals  Smith estimated her age at more than 50 years based on her outward appearance alone  Recent CT scanning has estimated her age at death to be 50–60 years old  Her brain was removed, though no embalming material was inserted, and both nostrils were stuffed with linen  Embalming packs had been placed into her eye sockets, and subcutaneous filling had been placed into her mid and lower face to restore a lifelike appearance; embalming material had also been placed into her mouth and throat  Her teeth were in poor condition at the time of her death, with missing molars  Heavy wear and abscesses had been noted in earlier x-rays  The scan revealed that she had severe scoliosis with a Cobb angle of 25 degrees  No cause of death could be determined  Her mummy has the inventory number CG 51191 

Archaeological items pertaining to Thuya
Passage 3:
King Cheng of Zhou
King Cheng of Zhou (Chinese: 周成王; pinyin: Zhōu Chéng Wáng; Wade–Giles: Chou1 Ch‘êng2 Wang2), personal name Ji Song (姬誦), was the second king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty  The dates of his reign are 1042–1021 BCE or 1042/35–1006 BCE  His parents were King Wu of Zhou and Queen Yi Jiang (邑姜) King Cheng was young when he ascended the throne  His uncle, Duke of Zhou, fearing that Shang forces might rise again under the possible weak rule of a young ruler, became the regent and supervised government affairs for several years  Duke of Zhou established the eastern capital at Luoyang, and later defeated a rebellion by Cheng's uncles Cai Shu, Guan Shu and Huo Shu King Cheng later stabilized the Zhou dynasty's border by defeating several barbarian tribes along with the Duke of Zhou 

Family
Queens:

Wang Si, of the Si clan (王姒 姒姓), the mother of Crown Prince ZhaoSons:

Crown Prince Zhao (太子釗; 1040–996 BC), ruled as King Kang of Zhou from 1020 to 996 BC

Ancestry
See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors
Passage 4:
King Kang of Zhou
King Kang of Zhou, personal name Ji Zhao, was the third sovereign of the Chinese Zhou Dynasty and son of King Cheng of Zhou  The dates of his reign are 1020–996 BC or 1005–978 BC King Kang followed his father's policy and expanded the Zhou territory in the North and in the West  He also repressed a rebellion in the east  Life prospered in the Zhou Dynasty under Kang’s rule 
His was succeeded by his son King Zhao of Zhou 

Family
Queens:

Wang Jiang, of the Jiang clan (王姜 姜姓), the mother of Crown Prince XiaSons:

Crown Prince Xia (太子瑕; 1027–977 BC), ruled as King Zhao of Zhou from 995–977 BC

Ancestry
See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors
Passage 5:
King Ding of Zhou
King Ding of Zhou (Chinese: 周定王; pinyin: Zhōu Dìng Wáng), personal name Ji Yu, was the twenty-first king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty and the ninth of Eastern Zhou  He was a son of King Qing of Zhou and brother of King Kuang of Zhou He sent an official named Wangsun Man to present gifts to the Chu army  He met Prince Zhuang 

Family
Spouse:

Queen Ding of Zhou, of the Jiang clan of Qi (周定後 姜姓), possibly a daughter of Duke Hui of Qi; married in 603 BCSons:

Prince Yi (王子夷; d  572 BC), ruled as King Jian of Zhou from 585–572 BC

Ancestry
See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors


== Sources ==
Passage 6:
Hubba bint Hulail
Hubba bint Hulail (Arabic: حبة بنت هليل) was the grandmother of Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf, thus the great-great-great-grandmother of the Islamic prophet Muhammad 

Biography
Hubbah was the daughter of Hulail ibn Hubshiyyah ibn Salul ibn Ka’b ibn Amr al-Khuza’i of Banu Khuza'a who was the trustee and guardian of the Ka‘bah (Arabic: كَـعْـبَـة, 'Cube')  She married Qusai ibn Kilab and after her father died, the keys of the Kaaba were committed to her  Qusai, according to Hulail's will, had the trusteeship of the Kaaba after him 
Hubbah never gave up ambitious hopes for the line of her favourite son Abd Manaf  Her two favourite grandsons were the twin sons Amr and Abd Shams, of ‘Ātikah bint Murrah  Hubbah hoped that the opportunities missed by Abd Manaf would be made up for in these grandsons, especially Amr, who seemed much more suitable for the role than any of the sons of Abd al-Dar  He was dear to the ‘ayn (Arabic: عـيـن, eye) of his grandmother Hubbah 

Family
Qusai ibn Kilab had four sons by Hubbah: Abd-al-Dar ibn Qusai dedicated to his house, Abdu’l Qusayy dedicated to himself, Abd-al-Uzza ibn Qusai to his goddess (Al-‘Uzzá) and Abd Manaf ibn Qusai to the idol revered by Hubbah  They also had two daughters, Takhmur and Barrah  Abd Manaf's real name was 'Mughirah', and he also had the nickname 'al-Qamar' (the Moon) because he was handsome 
Hubbah was related to Muhammad in more than one way  Firstly, she was the great-great-grandmother of his father Abdullah  She was also the great-grandmother of Umm Habib and Abdul-Uzza, respectively the maternal grandmother and grandfather of Muhammad's mother Aminah 

Family tree
* indicates that the marriage order is disputed
Note that direct lineage is marked in bold 

See also
Family tree of Muhammad
List of notable Hijazis
Passage 7:
Duke of Shao
Shi, Duke of Shao (died c  1000 BCE), born Ji Shi, posthumous name Kang (康), also known as Lord of Shao or Duke of Shao, Duke Kang of Shao, and Grand Protector Shi, was a high-ranking minister of the early Zhou dynasty  He was a member of the royal clan  After King Wu of Zhou's death, Lord Shao supported the Duke of Zhou in his regency and helped suppress the Rebellion of the Three Guards  He remained a major figure at court for decades 

Royal kin
The earliest biography of Lord Shao, in Sima Qian's Records of the Grand Historian, states merely that he was a member of same ancestral temple kinship group as the house of Zhou  Wang Chong's Lunheng calls him the elder brother of the Duke of Zhou  Huangfu Mi states Lord Shao was the son of King Wen of Zhou by a concubine  Modern scholarship has not significantly modified this view  Edward Shaughnessy called Lord Shao half-brother to the Duke of Zhou in a 1989 paper  Maria Khayutina, writing in 2015, reads the Gu Ming (顧命) chapter of the Shangshu as ordering the lineages who visit the ailing King Cheng of Zhou by their seniority rank within the Ji ancestral temple  With Shao in the first position, prior to the lineages founded by the sons of King Wen she reasons this lineage was founded earlier 

Early career
For his role in the Zhou conquest of Shang, King Wu created Lord Shao the regional lord of Yan, but he never went to his lands, sending a son to mind them in his stead  Lord Shao was also appointed as the Grand Protector (太保), one of the Three Ducal Ministers, the highest ministerial positions in the capital  The Duke of Zhou was another 
Two years after the conquest, before Zhou power had been completely consolidated, King Wu was dead  His son was considered too young to be fit to rule, and the Duke of Zhou unilaterally took power  The preceding Shang dynasty had handled succession by distributed agnatic seniority, a pattern which followed would have put the Duke of Zhou next in line for the throne  An illegally excavated manuscript version of a chapter of Shangshu, part of the Tsinghua bamboo slips, allows for the reading that the Duke of Zhou had performed a sacrifice to the ancestral spirits to divine whether he was their chosen successor to the ailing King Wu  The traditional reading interprets this passage to indicate the Duke of Zhou offering his life if the king's could be spared  In both readings, this ceremony is suggested by the other two Ducal Ministers Traditionally, the Duke of Zhou is considered to have assumed regency rather than kingship  In any case, the son of the vanquished Shang king and affiliated groups, possibly aided by Zhou royal brothers, took the opportunity to rebel in an action called the Rebellion of the Three Guards  Lord Shao allied with the Duke of Zhou, and after three years the rebellion was suppressed 

Sharing power
With the violence quelled, King Wu's son, now three years less young, along with the victorious Lord Shao and Duke of Zhou, entered into a triple alliance, sharing power delicately between them  Lord Shao was given power over the lands to the west of the twin capitals Feng and Hao, on the Wei river in present day Xi'an, Shaanxi  This included his lineage's power base near the predynastic Zhou capital of Xishan; the Duke of Zhou was given control over the lands to the east   It was during this timeframe Lord Shao went to survey the site of the new capital city Luoyi (present day Luoyang, Henan), which would control both the strategic ford which had facilitated the Zhou conquest in the first place, as well as the pass through the mountains to the Zhou homeland  The portents were also auspicious, and Lord Shao had rammed earth city wall constructed in a month's time Multiple episodes carried by the Shangshu relate to this period of time, and two in particular relate to each other and the power struggle at court  Jun Shi (君奭), a piece of persuasive writing from the Duke of Zhou to Lord Shao is one, and the other is Shao Gao (召誥), mostly by Lord Shao 
The language is archaic, and admits multiple readings  The traditional reading takes into account a cryptic statement that Lord Shao was unhappy at court to read Jun Shi as a plea from Lord Shao to remain in his position and help coadminister government affairs until the new king is ready  Shao Gao is then read as an exhortation to the new king to do a good job An alternative reading pits the two chapters against one another, with Lord Shao highlighting how the Mandate of Heaven flows only to the eldest son, and the Duke of Zhou calling upon a panoply of worthy ministers of yore to support his platform of how crucial capable ministers are to good government, quoting Lord Shao's own words back at him about how the two of them would work together, asserting that heaven's mandate had come jointly to the Zhou as a group, and ending with an impassioned plea where he addresses Lord Shao as his brother Although the two texts are clearly closely related, which is the response to the other is debated  And whether they are read from a traditional or revisionist viewpoint, regardless of the personal, political, or philosophical motives behind either man's words, soon thereafter the young King Cheng stepped fully into his authority, and the Duke of Zhou disappeared from the political scene for the remainder of his life 

Longevity
Lord Shao served four generations of Zhou kings: King Wen, King Wu, King Cheng, and King Kang  He features prominently in the later Shangshu chapter Gu Ming, which describes the inauguration ritual of King Kang  In it, Lord Shao can be seen to command great respect at court  He is listed first in each enumeration of participants, gives orders to other functionaries to help prepare for the proceedings, performs ritual actions rivaled only by the new king and the Master Ritualist, and reads the command of accession to the king Wang Chong's Lunheng claims that Lord Shao lived over a hundred years, and epigraphic records securely dateable to the middle years of King Kang's reign tend to support rather than refute this claim The Classic of Poetry ode "The Sweet Pears" (甘棠) is said to have been composed in his honour 
Passage 8:
King An of Zhou
King An of Zhou (Chinese: 周安王; pinyin: Zhōu Ān Wáng), personal name Ji Jiao, was the thirty-third king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty and the twenty-first of the Eastern Zhou He succeeded his father King Weilie of Zhou on the throne of China in 401 BC and reigned until his death in 376 BC  After he died, his son King Lie of Zhou ruled over China  His other son was King Xian of Zhou 

Family
Sons:

Prince Xi (王子喜; d  369 BC), ruled as King Lie of Zhou from 375–369 BC
Prince Bian (王子扁; d  321 BC), ruled as King Xian of Zhou from 368–321 BC

Ancestry
See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors
Passage 9:
Shu Yu of Tang
Shu Yu of Tang (Chinese: 唐叔虞; pinyin: Táng Shū Yú; lit  'Yu, [Royal] Uncle of Tang'), ancestral name (姓): Ji (姬) given name (名): Yu (虞),  and Ziyu (子於), was the founder of the State of Tang during the early Zhou Dynasty (1046–771 BC) of ancient China  The State of Tang would later be renamed Jin by Shu Yu's son and successor, Xie  He was the son of King Wu of Zhou and Yi Jiang and the younger brother of King Cheng of Zhou Shortly after the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, King Wu of Zhou died  His son, Prince Song, ascended the throne and became King Cheng of Zhou  Since he was very young and too inexperienced to run the newly founded dynasty, his uncle, the Duke of Zhou, served as regent and handled all political affairs until King Cheng of Zhou became old enough to rule  In the year that King Cheng of Zhou ascended the throne, the people of a land called Tang (唐) rebelled, so the Duke of Zhou conquered them 
According to the Records of the Grand Historian, one day, King Cheng of Zhou was playing with his younger brother, Prince Yu  King Cheng of Zhou suddenly picked up a parasol tree leaf and gave it to Prince Yu  Then he said playfully," Let this be a proof that I will make you a feudal lord " Prince Yu happily got the leaf and he then told this to the Duke of Zhou  The Duke of Zhou thought that whatever the young King Cheng of Zhou said should not be taken lightly since he was the king 
The Duke of Zhou approached the young king and asked him if it were true  The young king said that he was just joking with his brother  Then the Duke of Zhou replied, "A sovereign must not joke about the things he says and do as what he has said " The young king thought it was reasonable and gave the recent conquered called Tang land, west of modern Yicheng County in Shanxi, to his brother, Prince Yu 
Shu Yu's son and successor, Xie, moved the capital Jiang nearer to the Jin River and renamed the state Jin 
Jinci was a shrine in Taiyuan dedicated to Shu Yu  It is a major historical and cultural site protected at the national level in People's republic of China 

See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors
Passage 10:
King Kang of Chu
King Kang of Chu (Chinese: 楚康王; pinyin: Chǔ Kāng Wáng, died 545 BC) was from 559 to 545 BC the king of Chu, a major power during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China   Born Xiong Zhao (Chinese: 熊招), he succeeded his father King Gong of Chu   His reign was marked by constant wars with Jin, Chu's traditional enemy, and Wu, its new enemy   He ruled for 15 years and was succeeded by his son, Jia'ao, who would four years later be murdered by King Kang's younger brother King Ling of Chu 

Battle of Yongpu
When King Kang's father King Gong died in 560 BC, Chu's enemy Wu seized the opportunity to invade Chu   Chief military commander Zigeng (子庚) and general Yang Youji (养由基) led the Chu army to repel the invaders   After the initial fight Zigeng feigned defeat   The Wu army chased the retreating Chu army to Yongpu (庸浦, in present-day Wuwei County, Anhui Province), where they fell into an ambush and were soundly defeated   Prince Dang, the commander of the Wu army, was captured 

Battle of Zhanban
In 557 BC, just three years after the Battle of Yongpu, Chu fought the last major battle with its traditional enemy Jin at Zhanban (湛阪, in present-day Pingdingshan, Henan Province)   Chu was defeated and lost all of its territory north of Fangcheng, the Great Wall of Chu  The Battle of Zhanban marked the end of the eight-decade-long Jin-Chu rivalry, as a weakened Chu would be consumed by numerous wars with its new enemy Wu, culminating in the 506 BC Battle of Boju, when the Wu army would capture and destroy the Chu capital Ying   Meanwhile, Jin was increasingly riven by internal strife that would ultimately lead to its partition into the new states of Han, Zhao, and Wei 

Conquest of Shujiu
In 549 BC Duke Ping of Jin attacked the Chu ally Qi   To help Qi, Chu attacked the Jin ally Zheng   King Zhufan of Wu seized the opportunity and induced the Chu vassal state Shujiu (舒鸠, in present-day Shucheng County, Anhui Province) to switch its allegiance to Wu   The next year, Chu prime minister Qu Jian (屈建, also known as Zimu) and general Zijiang (子彊) led an army to punish Shujiu, again ambushing and routing the Wu army   Chu then annexed Shujiu 

Battle of Chaocheng
In 548 BC, soon after Wu's defeat at Shujiu, King Zhufan personally led an army to again invade Chu, attacking the Chu city Chaocheng (巢城)   Greatly outnumbered by the Wu army, Chu general Niu Chen (牛臣) pretended to give up Chaocheng and left the city gate wide open   When the unsuspecting Zhufan entered the city, Niu Chen shot and killed him with an arrow   The Wu army fell into chaos and was again defeated   Zhufan's brother Yuji succeeded him as king of Wu 

Succession
King Kang was the eldest of King Gong's five sons, four of whom would ascend the throne   When King Kang died in 545 BC after 15 years of reign he was succeeded by his son Xiong Yuan (posthumous title Jia'ao) and King Kang's younger brother Prince Wei served as the prime minister   Four years later, Prince Wei murdered Jia'ao and his two sons when he was ill, and usurped the throne   Prince Wei was later given the pejorative posthumous title King Ling of Chu In 529 BC when King Ling was on an expedition against the State of Xu, his three younger brothers staged a coup d'etat and killed his son Crown Prince Lu   Xiong Bi, the third brother, ascended the throne (posthumous title Zi'ao), and the fourth brother Prince Zixi became the prime minister   When news of the coup reached King Ling's troops they abandoned him en masse, and in desperation King Ling killed himself However, Xiong Qiji, the fifth brother, concealed the truth about King Ling's death from Zi'ao and Zixi   Instead, he pretended to be defeated by King Ling and said the king would soon return to the capital   Zi'ao and Zixi were so fearful that they both committed suicide; Zi'ao had been king for less than twenty days   Prince Qiji then ascended the throne and would come to be known as King Ping of Chu 

Family tree



ground_truth: Yi Jiang

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: What is the place of birth of the director of film Bhagirathi (Film)?

The following are given passages.
Context 2: Passage 1:
Jason Moore (director)
Jason Moore (born October 22, 1970) is an American director of film, theatre and television 

Life and career
Jason Moore was born in Fayetteville, Arkansas, and studied at Northwestern University  Moore's Broadway career began as a resident director of Les Misérables at the Imperial Theatre in during its original run  He is the son of Fayetteville District Judge Rudy Moore In March 2003, Moore directed the musical Avenue Q, which opened Off-Broadway at the Vineyard Theatre and then moved to Broadway at the John Golden Theatre in July 2003   He was nominated for a 2004 Tony Award for his direction  Moore also directed productions of the musical in Las Vegas and London and the show's national tour  Moore directed the 2005 Broadway revival of Steel Magnolias and Shrek the Musical, starring Brian d'Arcy James and Sutton Foster which opened on Broadway in 2008  He directed the concert of Jerry Springer — The Opera at Carnegie Hall in January 2008 Moore, Jeff Whitty, Jake Shears, and John "JJ" Garden worked together on a new musical based on Armistead Maupin's Tales of the City  The musical premiered at the American Conservatory Theater, San Francisco, California in May 2011 and ran through July 2011 For television, Moore has directed episodes of Dawson's Creek, One Tree Hill, Everwood, and Brothers & Sisters  As a writer, Moore adapted the play The Floatplane Notebooks with Paul Fitzgerald from the novel by Clyde Edgerton  A staged reading of the play was presented at the New Play Festival at the Charlotte, North Carolina Repertory Theatre in 1996, with a fully staged production in 1998 In 2012, Moore made his film directorial debut with Pitch Perfect, starring Anna Kendrick and Brittany Snow  He also served as an executive producer on the sequel  He directed the film Sisters, starring Tina Fey and Amy Poehler, which was released on December 18, 2015  Moore's next project will be directing a live action Archie movie 

Filmography
Films

Pitch Perfect (2012)
Sisters (2015)
Shotgun Wedding (2022)Television

Soundtrack writer

Pitch Perfect 2 (2015) (Also executive producer)
The Voice (2015) (1 episode)
Passage 2:
Olav Aaraas
Olav Aaraas (born 10 July 1950) is a Norwegian historian and museum director 
He was born in Fredrikstad  From 1982 to 1993 he was the director of Sogn Folk Museum, from 1993 to 2010 he was the director of Maihaugen and from 2001 he has been the director of the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History  In 2010 he was decorated with the Royal Norwegian Order of St  Olav 
Passage 3:
Bhagirathi (film)
Bhagirathi (Kannada: ಭಾಗೀರಥಿ) is a 2012 Indian Kannada drama film written and directed by Baraguru Ramachandrappa  The film stars Bhavana and Kishore in the lead roles with Srinath, Tara, Hema Choudhury and Padma Vasanthi in the supporting role  The film is based on a folktale from North Karnataka, "Kerege Haara", which glorifies the sacrifice of a young woman for the sake of her village and her heart-broken husband 

Plot
Bhagirathi (Bhavana) dreams of a tank for her village and inspired by her, Maadevaraya (Kishore), the son of Mallanagowda (Srinath), convinces his father to construct one for the community  When Maadevaraya and Bhagirathi fall in love, class differences come in the way  But when they decide to end their lives, Mallanagowda is moved to solemnise their marriage on the tank's site 
As fate would have it, the tank remains dry and the priest advises Mallanagowda to sacrifice of one of his daughters-in-law  The lot falls on Bhagirathi  On learning what has happened to his young wife, Maadevaraya ends his life in the tank 

Cast
Bhavana as Bhagirathi
Kishore as Mahadevaraya
Srinath as Mallanagowda
Tara
Hema Choudhury
Padma Vasanthi
Shivadhwaj
Ravishankar
Vatsala Mohan

Soundtrack
The soundtrack album of the film was released on 20 November 2011 by actor Puneeth Rajkumar in Bangalore 
 The album consists of six tracks, lyrics for which were written by Baraguru Ramachandrappa for music composed by V  Manohar, who also scored the film's background music 

Review
IBN Live reviewed the movie and said, "Bhagirathi' is a one time watch"  The Hindu review the movie and said "Bhagirathi - Bringing alive a Kannada folktale" The movie completed 100 days of show 

Awards
Karnataka State Film Award for Best Actress - Bhavana
Karnataka State Film Award for Best Lyricist - Baraguru Ramachandrappa
Karnataka State Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer - Archana Udupa
Udaya Film Awards for Best Supporting Actress - Tara
Passage 4:
Peter Levin
Peter Levin is an American director of film, television and theatre 

Career
Since 1967, Levin has amassed a large number of credits directing episodic television and television films  Some of his television series credits include Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, James at 15, The Paper Chase, Family, Starsky & Hutch, Lou Grant, Fame, Cagney & Lacey, Law & Order and Judging Amy Some of his television film credits include Rape and Marriage: The Rideout Case (1980), A Reason to Live (1985), Popeye Doyle (1986), A Killer Among Us (1990), Queen Sized (2008) and among other films  He directed "Heart in Hiding", written by his wife Audrey Davis Levin, for which she received an Emmy for Best Day Time Special in the 1970s 
Prior to becoming a director, Levin worked as an actor in several Broadway productions  He costarred with Susan Strasberg in "[The Diary of Ann Frank]" but had to leave the production when he was drafted into the Army  He trained at the Carnegie Mellon University  Eventually becoming a theatre director, he directed productions at the Long Wharf Theatre and the Pacific Resident Theatre Company  He also co-founded the off-off-Broadway Theatre [the Hardware Poets Playhouse] with his wife Audrey Davis Levin and was also an associate artist of The Interact Theatre Company 
Passage 5:
Ian Barry (director)
Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV 

Select credits
Waiting for Lucas (1973) (short)
Stone (1974) (editor only)
The Chain Reaction (1980)
Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)
Minnamurra (1989)
Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)
Ring of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)
Crimebroker (1993)
Inferno (1998) (TV movie)
Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)
Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)
The Doctor Blake Mysteries (2013)
Passage 6:
Brian Kennedy (gallery director)
Brian Patrick Kennedy (born 5 November 1961) is an Irish-born art museum director who has worked in Ireland and Australia, and now lives and works in the United States   He was the director of the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem for 17 months, resigning December 31, 2020  He was the director of the Toledo Museum of Art in Ohio from 2010 to 2019  He was the director of the Hood Museum of Art from 2005 to 2010, and the National Gallery of Australia (Canberra) from 1997 to 2004 

Career
Brian Kennedy currently lives and works in the United States after leaving Australia in 2005 to direct the Hood Museum of Art at Dartmouth College  In October 2010 he became the ninth Director of the Toledo Museum of Art  On 1 July 2019, he succeeded Dan Monroe as the executive director and CEO of the Peabody Essex Museum 

Early life and career in Ireland
Kennedy was born in Dublin and attended Clonkeen College  He received B A  (1982), M A  (1985) and PhD (1989) degrees from University College-Dublin, where he studied both art history and history 
He worked in the Irish Department of Education (1982), the European Commission, Brussels (1983), and in Ireland at the Chester Beatty Library (1983–85), Government Publications Office (1985–86), and Department of Finance (1986–89)  He married Mary Fiona Carlin in 1988 He was Assistant Director at the National Gallery of Ireland in Dublin from 1989 to 1997  He was Chair of the Irish Association of Art Historians from 1996 to 1997, and of the Council of Australian Art Museum Directors from 2001 to 2003  In September 1997 he became Director of the National Gallery of Australia 

National Gallery of Australia (NGA)
Kennedy expanded the traveling exhibitions and loans program throughout Australia, arranged for several major shows of Australian art abroad, increased the number of exhibitions at the museum itself and oversaw the development of an extensive multi-media site   Although he oversaw several years of the museum's highest ever annual visitation, he discontinued the emphasis of his predecessor, Betty Churcher, on showing "blockbuster" exhibitions 
During his directorship, the NGA gained government support for improving the building and significant private donations and corporate sponsorship  However, the initial design for the building proved controversial generating a public dispute with the original architect on moral rights grounds   As a result, the project was not delivered during Dr Kennedy's tenure, with a significantly altered design completed some years later   Private funding supported two acquisitions of British art, including David Hockney's A Bigger Grand Canyon in 1999, and Lucian Freud's After Cézanne in 2001  Kennedy built on the established collections at the museum by acquiring the Holmgren-Spertus collection of Indonesian textiles; the Kenneth Tyler collection of editioned prints, screens, multiples and unique proofs; and the Australian Print Workshop Archive  He was also notable for campaigning for the construction of a new "front" entrance to the Gallery, facing King Edward Terrace, which was completed in 2010 (see reference to the building project above) 
Kennedy's cancellation of the "Sensation exhibition" (scheduled at the NGA from 2 June 2000 to 13 August 2000) was controversial, and seen by some as censorship  He claimed that the decision was due to the exhibition being "too close to the market" implying that a national cultural institution cannot exhibit the private collection of a speculative art investor  However, there were other exhibitions at the NGA during his tenure, which could have raised similar concerns  The exhibition featured the privately owned Young British Artists works belonging to Charles Saatchi and attracted large attendances in London and Brooklyn  Its most controversial work was Chris Ofili's The Holy Virgin Mary, a painting which used elephant dung and was accused of being blasphemous  The then-mayor of New York, Rudolph Giuliani, campaigned against the exhibition, claiming it was "Catholic-bashing" and an "aggressive, vicious, disgusting attack on religion " In November 1999, Kennedy cancelled the exhibition and stated that the events in New York had "obscured discussion of the artistic merit of the works of art"  He has said that it "was the toughest decision of my professional life, so far "Kennedy was also repeatedly questioned on his management of a range of issues during the Australian Government's Senate Estimates process - particularly on the NGA's occupational health and safety record and concerns about the NGA's twenty-year-old air-conditioning system  The air-conditioning was finally renovated in 2003  Kennedy announced in 2002 that he would not seek extension of his contract beyond 2004, accepting a seven-year term as had his two predecessors He became a joint Irish-Australian citizen in 2003 

Toledo Museum of Art
The Toledo Museum of Art is known for its exceptional collections of European and American paintings and sculpture, glass, antiquities, artist books, Japanese prints and netsuke  The museum offers free admission and is recognized for its historical leadership in the field of art education   During his tenure, Kennedy has focused the museum's art education efforts on visual literacy, which he defines as "learning to read, understand and write visual language "   Initiatives have included baby and toddler tours, specialized training for all staff, docents, volunteers and the launch of a website, www vislit org  In November 2014, the museum hosted the International Visual Literacy Association (IVLA) conference, the first Museum to do so  Kennedy has been a frequent speaker on the topic, including 2010 and 2013 TEDx talks on visual and sensory literacy 
Kennedy has expressed an interest in expanding the museum's collection of contemporary art and art by indigenous peoples  Works by Frank Stella, Sean Scully, Jaume Plensa, Ravinder Reddy and Mary Sibande have been acquired   In addition, the museum has made major acquisitions of Old Master paintings by Frans Hals and Luca Giordano During his tenure the Toledo Museum of Art has announced the return of several objects from its collection due to claims the objects were stolen and/or illegally exported prior being sold to the museum   In 2011 a Meissen sweetmeat stand was returned to Germany followed by an Etruscan Kalpis or water jug to Italy (2013), an Indian sculpture of Ganesha (2014) and an astrological compendium to Germany in 2015 

Hood Museum of Art
Kennedy became Director of the Hood Museum of Art in July 2005  During his tenure, he implemented a series of large and small-scale exhibitions and oversaw the production of more than 20 publications to bring greater public attention to the museum's remarkable collections of the arts of America, Europe, Africa, Papua New Guinea and the Polar regions  At 70,000 objects, the Hood has one of the largest collections on any American college of university campus  The exhibition, Black Womanhood: Images, Icons, and Ideologies of the African Body, toured several US venues  Kennedy increased campus curricular use of works of art, with thousands of objects pulled from storage for classes annually  Numerous acquisitions were made with the museum's generous endowments, and he curated several exhibitions: including Wenda Gu: Forest of Stone Steles: Retranslation and Rewriting Tang Dynasty Poetry, Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, and Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons 

Publications
Kennedy has written or edited a number of books on art, including:

Alfred Chester Beatty and Ireland 1950-1968: A study in cultural politics, Glendale Press (1988), ISBN 978-0-907606-49-9
Dreams and responsibilities: The state and arts in independent Ireland, Arts Council of Ireland (1990), ISBN 978-0-906627-32-7
Jack B Yeats: Jack Butler Yeats, 1871-1957 (Lives of Irish Artists), Unipub (October 1991), ISBN 978-0-948524-24-0
The Anatomy Lesson: Art and Medicine (with Davis Coakley), National Gallery of Ireland (January 1992), ISBN 978-0-903162-65-4
Ireland: Art into History (with Raymond Gillespie), Roberts Rinehart Publishers (1994), ISBN 978-1-57098-005-3
Irish Painting, Roberts Rinehart Publishers (November 1997),  ISBN 978-1-86059-059-7
Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, Hood Museum of Art (October 2008), ISBN 978-0-944722-34-3
Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons, 1965-1966, Hood Museum of Art (October 2010), ISBN 978-0-944722-39-8

Honors and achievements
Kennedy was awarded the Australian Centenary Medal in 2001 for service to Australian Society and its art  He is a trustee and treasurer of the Association of Art Museum Directors, a peer reviewer for the American Association of Museums and a member of the International Association of Art Critics  In 2013 he was appointed inaugural eminent professor at the University of Toledo and received an honorary doctorate from Lourdes University  Most recently, Kennedy received the 2014 Northwest Region, Ohio Art Education Association award for distinguished educator for art education 


== Notes ==
Passage 7:
Dana Blankstein
Dana Blankstein-Cohen (born March 3, 1981) is the executive director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School  She was appointed by the board of directors  in November 2019   Previously she was the CEO of the Israeli Academy of Film and Television  She is a film director, and an Israeli culture entrepreneur 

Biography
Dana Blankstein was born in Switzerland in 1981 to theatre director Dedi Baron and Professor Alexander Blankstein  She moved to Israel in 1983 and grew up in Tel Aviv 
Blankstein graduated from the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School, Jerusalem in 2008 with high honors  During her studies she worked as a personal assistant to directors Savi Gabizon on his film Nina's Tragedies and to Renen Schorr on his film The Loners   She also directed and shot 'the making of' film on Gavison's film Lost and Found  Her debut film Camping competed at the Berlin International Film Festival, 2007 

Film and academic career
After her studies, Dana founded and directed the film and television department at the Kfar Saba municipality  The department encouraged and promoted productions filmed in the city of Kfar Saba, as well as the established cultural projects, and educational community activities 
Blankstein directed the mini-series "Tel Aviviot" (2012)  From 2016-2019 was the director of the Israeli Academy of Film and Television 
In November 2019 Dana Blankstein Cohen was appointed the new director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School where she also oversees the Sam Spiegel International Film Lab  In 2022, she spearheaded the launch of the new Series Lab and the film preparatory program for Arabic speakers in east Jerusalem 

Filmography
Tel Aviviot (mini-series; director, 2012)
Growing Pains (graduation film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2008)
Camping (debut film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2006)
Passage 8:
S  N  Mathur
S N  Mathur was the Director of the Indian Intelligence Bureau between September 1975 and February 1980  He was also the Director General of Police in Punjab 
Passage 9:
Baraguru Ramachandrappa
Baraguru Ramachandrappa (born 18 October 1947) is an Indian essayist, lyricist, screenwriter, film director, socialist, writer, novelist, predominantly works in Kannada language and President of the Textbook Revision Committee, in Karnataka Text Books Society (KTBS) from May 2015  In 2008, he was given an honorary doctorate by the Kuvempu University and Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, Karnataka Ramachandrappa won the National Film Award for Best Lyrics in 2002 for "Baruthe Ve Nav Baruthe Ve" in the film Thaayi and was given the Pampa Award in 2011 by the Government of Karnataka for his contribution to Kannada literature  His directorial debut film, Ondu Oorina Kathe (1978), fetched him the State award for best story writer for the year 1978–79  Since then, he has been the recipient of several awards, both national and international  His novel Suntaragali won the Karnataka Sahitya Academy award 

Biography
Ramachandrappa was born to Kenchamma and Rangadasappa in Baraguru village in the Tumkur district, Karnataka state  After completing his studies, he worked as a professor in the Kannada department of Bangalore University  He was the president of the Kannada Sahitya Academy for two years  He has made notable contributions as the Chairman of Kannada Development Authority as well as a member of various educational institutions, Doordarshan, literary and film based organizations  His contribution to Kannada literature includes novels, collection of poetry, short stories, drama, edition of other works and research and criticism for which he was awarded by the Karnataka Sahitya Academy  Class based society and its challenges is a theme that is well expressed in his creative works 

Literary works
Research and criticism

Saahithya Matthu Raajakaarana
Samskruthi Mattu Srujanasheelathe
Bandaaya Sahithya Meemanse
Samskruthi - Upa samskruthi
Vartamaana
Rajakeeya chinthane
Samskruthi: Shrama mattu srujanasheelathe
Parampareyondige Pisumathu
Kannada Sahityavemba Swatantrya Horata
Shabdavillada Yuddha
Cinema Ondu Janapada Kale
Maryaadastha ManushyaraagonaNovels

Sootra
Ukkina Kote
Ondu Oorina Kathe
Benki
Surya
Sangappana Saahasagalu
Seelu Nela
Bharatha Nagari
Gaagina Mane
Swapna Mantapa
ShabariCollections of poems

Kanasina Kannik
Marakutika
Nettaralli Nenda Hoovu
Gulaama Geethe
Maguvina Haadu
Kaantesadalli Kavya (anthology)Short stories

Suntaragaali
Kappu Nelada Kempu Kaalu
Ondu Oorina Kathegalu (anthology)Drama

Kappu halage
Kote

Awards
Karnataka State Film Awards1978–79: Best Story Writer – Ondu Oorina Kathe
1978–79: Best Dialogue Writer – Ondu Oorina Kathe
1983-84: Second Best Film - Benki'
1983–84: Best Story Writer - Benki
1986–87: Second Best Film - Surya
1988–89: Jury Special Award (Lyrics) – Kote
1996–97: Best Film of Social Concern - Karadipura
1996–97: Best Dialogue Writer - Janumada Jodi
1999–00: Best Story Writer - Hagalu Vesha
1999–00: Best Lyricist - Hagalu Vesha
2002–03: Second Best Film - Kshaama
2003–04: Second Best Film - Shanthi
2005–06: Best Film of Social Concern - Thayi
2005–06: Best Lyricist - Thayi
2007–08: Best Children's Film - Ekalavya
2008–09: Best Story Writer - Ugragami
2009–10: Best Film of Social Concern - Shabari
2011: Best Lyricist - Bhagirathi
2012: Best Story Writer - Angulimala
2014: Puttanna Kanagal Award

Filmography
Ramachandrappa has been making films for more than thirty years  His debut film Ondu Oorina Kathe won him the Best Story Writer Award, Karnataka Government Film Awards in 1978  He has made several documentaries and most of his thirteen feature films have won either a Karnataka State Award or a National Film Award  His film Shanti, with only one artist entered the Guinness Book of World Records  In 2014 Karnataka State "Puttanna Kanagal Award" (Puttanna Kanagal was among the front runners in Kannada cinema's most successful film directors  In his memory and honor, this award is presented to the directors every year during the Karnataka State Awards function) 

As Director
Others
Passage 10:
Jesse E  Hobson
Jesse Edward Hobson (May 2, 1911 – November 5, 1970) was the director of SRI International from 1947 to 1955  Prior to SRI, he was the director of the Armour Research Foundation 

Early life and education
Hobson was born in Marshall, Indiana  He received bachelor's and master's degrees in electrical engineering from Purdue University and a PhD in electrical engineering from the California Institute of Technology  Hobson was also selected as a nationally outstanding engineer Hobson married Jessie Eugertha Bell on March 26, 1939, and they had five children 

Career
Awards and memberships
Hobson was named an IEEE Fellow in 1948 



ground_truth: Tumkur

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Do both Beauty And The Bad Man and Wild Child (Film) films have the directors from the same country?

The following are given passages.
Context 3: Passage 1:
Betty Hall
Beatrice Perin Barker Hall (March 18, 1921 – April 26, 2018) was an American politician from the state of New Hampshire  Hall served in the New Hampshire House of Representatives for a total of 28 years, serving non-consecutively from 1970 until 2008 
Hall grew up in New York City, where she attended Barnard College  In 1948, she and her husband moved to the town of Brookline, New Hampshire, where they started a textile manufacturing firm  Beginning in the 1950s and early 1960s, Hall began participating in local politics, serving on several boards and commissions in Brookline  Hall was elected to the Brookline school board in 1963, and in 1972, she was elected to the town board of selectmen 
Hall's career in statewide politics began in 1970 when she was elected to the New Hampshire House of Representatives as a member of the Republican Party  In 1986, Hall switched her party affiliation to the Democratic Party, citing the Republican Party's shift towards conservatism during the Reagan Era  During her political career, Hall was described as a firebrand who frequently bucked her party  While a Republican, Hall was seen as a liberal member of that party, and was considered to be a political enemy by conservative leaders  In the Democratic Party, Hall was a member of the grassroots base, challenging the party's establishment in a 2007 campaign for chairman of the New Hampshire Democratic Party 
In the 2000s, Hall became nationally known for her activism  In 2004, she was arrested for disorderly conduct for her participation in a protest against President George W  Bush; she was later acquitted of the charge  In 2008, Hall introduced New Hampshire House Resolution 24, which would have petitioned the United States Congress to introduce articles to impeach President Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney for their actions leading to and during the Iraq War  While the bill ultimately failed, it generated a large amount of media coverage 

Pre-political life and career
Early life and education
Beatrice Perin Barker was born on March 18, 1921, in Koblenz, Germany, where her father Joseph Warren Barker, a United States Army officer, served as the administrator of a military district following World War I  After leaving the military, Barker's father completed his education in engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, receiving an academic position at the institution  He later became the Dean of Engineering at Columbia University, and she primarily grew up in New York City  This led to Barker's entry into academia, as her father's position at Columbia University brought prominent scientists such as Enrico Fermi and Harold Urey to their home for dinner where Barker would serve as a hostess  In 1937, her mother Mary died when Barker was 16 Barker attended the Horace Mann School and later studied engineering at Barnard College  Barker would later do graduate work at the University of New Hampshire, Boston University, and the College of the Holy Cross 

Family and career
After graduating from Barnard College in 1943, Barker worked as an engineer at Western Electric  During World War II, she helped manufacture vacuum tubes for radar equipment, and her father served as a special assistant to Frank Knox, the United States Secretary of the Navy On May 27, 1944, she married Sidney Leavitt Hall, an engineer from Concord, New Hampshire, leaving her job at Western Electric to join her husband in Ohio, where he was undergoing training with the United States Air Force in order to fight in World War II  However, the war ended before he was sent overseas, and in 1948, the couple moved to Brookline, New Hampshire, a town of 800 people in Hillsborough County  Hall's grandmother, Florence Hobart Perin, was a resident of Brookline, and Hall had frequently visited and spent several summers in the town during her youth  Sidney Hall initially worked at Textron, and in 1951, the couple started a textile manufacturing firm called Hall Manufacturing Company, which was informally known as Hall Tote Bags  The company produced stitching for dry-cleaners, as well as steam air covers for dry-cleaning machines  Later, the company became locally famous for the tote bags they produced, as well as other stitched products  Hall and her husband were members of the local Church of Christ, and she was credited with uniting the Brookline Methodist and Congregationalist churches into one single church In 1957, Hall received a fellowship from the National Science Foundation  Hall served as the assistant manager for Hall Manufacturing Co  until 1962, whereupon she became a science and mathematics teacher in Groton, Massachusetts  Hall transferred to Fairgrounds Junior High School in Nashua, New Hampshire, in 1964, and taught mathematics there until 1972  In 1968, Hall was awarded a grant by the Research Corporation for Science Advancement in order to start an experimental "Mathematics Learning Laboratory" at her school  She had also been invited to academic conferences, such as the Advanced Modern Math Institute, which was sponsored by Science Research Associates Sidney Hall died in 1987 at the age of 66  Hall and her husband had 4 sons and 1 daughter  One of their sons, Sidney Hall Jr , is a locally-known author   Following her husband's death, Hall solely ran Hall Manufacturing Co , and the company was featured in a White House symposium on small businesses in 1994  Hall Manufacturing Co  closed in 2001 

Early political career
Local politics
During the 1950s and 1960s, Hall became very active in local politics, serving on numerous boards and committees in Brookline, including the board of assessors and the town finance committee  In 1961, Hall was defeated in an election for Brookline library trustee  In 1963, Hall was elected unopposed to the Brookline school board  She was re-elected in 1966, defeating future state representative Eben Bartlett and another candidate  In 1969, Hall was re-elected for her third and final term on the school board  She served as the chairman of the school board from 1964 until 1968 and again in 1971  She served a total of 9 years on the school board In 1967, Hall ran for the Brookline board of selectmen; however, she was defeated by Walter W  Frost, receiving 138 votes to Frost's 152  In 1972, Hall served as the chairman of the Brookline Republican Town Committee  Later that year, Hall again ran for the Brookline board of selectmen to succeed the retiring Grover C  Farwell, defeating two candidates to win a three-year term as selectman  Following her election to the board of selectmen, Hall did not seek another term for the school board and resigned as a teacher  In 1974, Hall served as the chairman of the board of selectmen 

Early 1970s
In 1970, Hall ran for the New Hampshire House of Representatives in Hillsborough County's 13th district as a member of the Republican Party  Hall had decided to run for state office because she "realized she was not accomplishing what she wanted to" in local office  She was recruited to run by Governor Walter R  Peterson Jr  Hall and fellow Republican Daniel Brocklebank were elected with 43% and 41% of the vote, respectively  In 1972, Hall ran for re-election in Hillsborough County's 12th district, and was elected unopposed alongside fellow Republican Jack Boyd  During the 1970s, Hall held multiple positions in the local Republican Party, serving as a member of the Republican state committee the Hillsborough County Republican Party Executive Committee 

1974 state senate campaign
In 1974, Hall ran for the 12th district of the New Hampshire Senate, running to replace retiring Republican incumbent Frederick A  Porter  In the Republican primary, Hall faced fellow state representative D  Alan Rock, as well as Milford town selectman Frederic Fletcher, a former state senator and former member of the Executive Council  During the primary, Hall campaigned via bicycle, cycling a total of 1,000 miles through the 26 towns in the district  Hall won the primary election, narrowly defeating Rock  Despite Hall placing second in her hometown of Brookline and only winning two towns, Amherst and Hollis, both towns gave her large margins  Additionally, she placed second in nearly every other town in the district, offsetting the large margin by which Rock won in Nashua  Official sources conflict on the final vote tally: the New Hampshire General Court officially reported that Hall received 1,544 votes, Rock received 1,485 votes, and Fletcher received 1,198 votes, giving Hall a winning margin of just 59 votes  However, a recount found that the margin was actually 114 votes in favor of Hall, with the town of Amherst alone overcounting 50 ballots in favor of Rock; however, the results of the recount are not officially recorded  Hall's campaign expenditure for the primary was $1,470 While there was no official Democratic Party candidate running in the heavily Republican district, both Hall and Rock also contested the Democratic primary as write-in candidates  Rock won the Democratic write-in nomination, with official sources again conflicting on the tally: the New Hampshire General Court reported that Rock received 72 votes to Hall's 71, a margin of just one vote, while a recount reportedly increased Rock's margin to 3 votes During the general election campaign, Rock was heavily supported by William Loeb III, the publisher of the Manchester Union Leader, an influential conservative newspaper  Rock frequently used the newspaper's front page to promote his campaign  While Hall was endorsed by the Nashua Telegraph, her campaign did not have the media capabilities that Rock's did, and Rock ultimately won the general election, defeating Hall by a margin of 53% to 47%  Judd Gregg, then the chairman of the Nashua Republican Party, alleged that the party's campaign literature had been tampered with; specifically, Gregg alleged that an individual had switched out Hall's campaign literature from several envelopes and replaced it with Rock's campaign literature before they were sent out to voters in Nashua  However, Hall stated that she did not believe the incident had influenced the end result of the election  Hall was succeeded in the state house by Republican Dorothy Foss Colson 

Late 1970s and early 1980s
In 1975, Hall became the chairman of the New Hampshire branch of Common Cause, a lobbying group that opposes corruption and promotes campaign finance reform  In this role, Hall advocated for good government  In the 1976 presidential election, Hall criticized Republican candidate Ronald Reagan and independent candidate Eugene McCarthy for being the only two major candidates who had not agreed to the campaign standards proposed by Common Cause  She later criticized all the presidential candidates for not discussing the costs of the programs they propose  Hall left the position in September 1977 In 1978, Hall was elected back to the New Hampshire House of Representatives for Hillsborough County's 12th district  Hall and fellow Republican Eliot B  Ware won with 36% and 31% of the vote  Hall and Ware were re-elected unopposed in 1980 In November 1980, Rock, who had still serving as the state senator for the 12th district, died of cancer just three days after winning re-election  Hall was one of four candidates vying for the Republican nomination for the February 1981 special election; instead of being elected in a primary election, the party nominee was instead to be selected by delegates of the Hillsborough County Republican Party  Hall's campaign for the nomination was heavily opposed by Robert B  Monier, the influential Republican president of the New Hampshire Senate, who viewed Hall as a political opponent  Monier instead supported John Stabile, a Nashua businessman and the New Hampshire campaign chair for John Connally's 1980 presidential campaign  The other Republican candidates were state representatives Joanne Head, Philip Labombarde, and Emma Wheeler  Despite an initial convention ending in deadlock, with 9 delegates voting for Hall and the other 9 for Stabile, the party reconvened and ultimately selected Stabile to be the Republican nominee  Stabile would go on to defeat Democratic state representative Selma Pastor and independent candidate Mark Knox, a Nashua alderman, in the special election In 1982, Hall ran for the 11th district of the New Hampshire Senate to replace retiring Republican incumbent Arthur Mann  Hall placed third in the Republican primary, losing to fellow state representative Jean T  White; Hall received 29% of the vote, while White received 40%  The second-place candidate, state representative Richard Amidon, received 31% of the vote  However, Hall won the Democratic nomination as a write-in candidate, receiving 199 votes compared to White's 81 and Amidon's 55  Hall was defeated by White in the general election, receiving 4,668 votes to White's 6,632 

Party switch and later political career
Late 1980s and 1990s
In 1986, Hall switched to the Democratic Party, citing the Republican Party's shift towards conservatism  That year, Hall ran as a Democrat for the state house in Hillsborough County's 16th district  Hall defeated incumbent Republican state representative Barbara Fried, who had been facing charges of embezzlement after it was revealed she used her position as Greenville town clerk to embezzle $10,000 in fees  Hall received 642 votes, while Fried received 555  Hall was narrowly re-elected in 1988, defeating Republican candidate Shirley A  Morley by just 54 votes out of 2,274 cast  Hall was re-elected in 1990, defeating former Republican state representative Webster E  Bridges, 56% to 44% In 1992, Hall ran for re-election in Hillsborough County's 20th district  Hall and Republican Thomas I  Arnold were elected, receiving 1,488 votes and 1,384 votes, respectively  Hall and Arnold had previously served together on the Brookline school board in the 1960s, where Arnold was the school board's moderator  The two were re-elected unopposed in 1994  In 1996, they were again re-elected, with Hall receiving 46% of the vote and Arnold receiving 36%  In 1996, Hall served as the chairman of the Hillsborough County Democratic Party  In 1998, Hall and Arnold were again re-elected  Arnold received 1,063 votes, while Hall received 1,001 Hall was an early supporter of Bill Clinton in the 1992 United States presidential election, and was a delegate for Clinton at the 1996 Democratic Party convention  Hall also praised Richard Lugar during the 1996 Republican Party presidential primaries, supporting his tax policy and stating that he seemed honest 

2000s
In 2000, Hall and Arnold were re-elected unopposed  In 2002, Hall ran for re-election in Hillsborough County's 46th district  However, Hall was defeated in the general election, placing fifth with 12% of the vote In 2004, Hall was arrested and charged with disorderly conduct at a protest against President George W  Bush in Nashua  Hall, who was 83 at the time, was sitting in a chair outside the designated area for protestors, and was close to the presidential motorcade route  Hall was also holding a sign that said, "Bush is bad for America"  After Hall refused to move, three police officers picked Hall up, "chair, cane, and all", carrying her away and arresting her  A photographer captured the arrest, and the incident became national news  Hall was acquitted in September 2004 after Nashua District Court judge Clifford Kinghorn ruled that the evidence provided did not fit the charge of disorderly conduct; Kinghorn stated that "the police had no authority under state law to make Hall move because she wasn't getting in their way"  Hall also explained that she had originally written the law that was being applied to her case Later in 2004, Hall ran again for the state house for Hillsborough County's 5th district  Hall won, placing fourth with 13% of the vote  In the 2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries, Hall was a supporter of Howard Dean's campaign  Hall was re-elected in 2006, placing fourth and receiving 13% of the vote; Hall narrowly defeated fellow incumbent Donald Ryder, a Republican, receiving just 25 more votes than him In 2007, Hall announced her candidacy for chairman of the New Hampshire Democratic Party  Her main opponent was Raymond Buckley, the vice chair of the state party and an executive member of the Democratic National Committee  During the campaign, Buckley, who was considered to be the frontrunner, was falsely accused of possessing child pornography by former state representative Steve Vaillancourt, who had been a former friend of his  Buckley was exonerated following an official state investigation, and Vaillancourt later stated that he had exaggerated in the allegations  Later in the campaign, Joe Kelly Levasseur, the chairman of the Manchester Republican Party, posted an old home video of Buckley to YouTube, in which Buckley, who is openly gay, is seen "cursing and unzipping his pants", as well as highlighting Buckley's membership in a MySpace group called "Gays in New Hampshire"  Despite this, Buckley maintained his support amongst statewide Democrats, with the exception of U S  representative Paul Hodes, who withdrew his support for Buckley following the release of the video  Buckley ultimately defeated Hall, receiving 109 votes to Hall's 17  A third candidate, former state house Democratic Leader Jim Craig, withdrew following Buckley's exoneration, but remained on the ballot 

Proposed impeachment of George W  Bush
In 2008, Hall again gained national prominence for introducing a bill in the New Hampshire House of Representatives which would petition the United States Congress to introduce articles to impeach President Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney for high crimes and misdemeanors relating to the Iraq War  The bill accused Bush and Cheney of electioneering, torture, unlawful surveillance, misleading Congress, and violating the United Nations Charter by engaging in an unlawful aggressive war, as well as other alleged crimes  The bill, New Hampshire House Resolution 24, cited section 603 of Jefferson's Manual, which states that "an impeachment may be set in motion by the United States House of Representatives by charges transmitted from the legislature of a state"  In 1973, Hall had opposed a similar bill calling for the impeachment of President Richard Nixon Hall campaigned for impeachment alongside U S  representative Dennis Kucinich, whose campaign she supported in the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries  Hall's bill was supported by Pentagon Papers leaker Daniel Ellsberg, former US attorney general Ramsey Clark, and former director of the Strategic Defense Initiative Robert M  Bowman  However, the bill also had several outspoken opponents, such as Republican state representative David Hess, who stated he had "never seen a document more vitriolic and more inflammatory" In February 2008, the House State-Federal Relations and Veterans Affairs Committee voted 10-5 to recommend that the House not vote for the bill  In April 2008, the state house voted 227-95 to table the resolution, effectively killing the legislation  Some Democrats who voted in favor of tabling the bill, such as state representatives Ray Gagnon and Susan Almy, both of whom said they supported the bill in principle, stated that the bill would take away time that could be spent fixing everyday issues  Bernie Benn, another Democratic state representative, stated that impeachment would be too divisive 

Independent candidacies
Later in 2008, Hall ran for the 12th district of the New Hampshire Senate as an independent candidate, despite still being a registered Democrat  Hall placed a distant third with just 10% of the vote  Democrat Peggy Gilmour won with 47% of the vote, while Republican state representative Paul LaFlamme received 43%  In 2010, Hall officially switched her party registration to independent, stating that she "wanted to make a statement [that] neither party was doing what they should be"  That year, Hall ran as an independent candidate for the New Hampshire House of Representatives in Hillsborough County's 5th district  However, Hall placed seventh out of eight candidates, receiving just 6% of the vote in the district she formerly represented  In 2012, Hall ran as an independent candidate for the state house in Hillsborough County's 12th district  She placed last out of five candidates, receiving 10% of the vote 

Death
Hall died on April 26, 2018, of congestive heart failure in Petersburgh, New York  At the time of her death, Hall had 5 children, 12 grandchildren, and 21 great-grandchildren 

Tenure
During her tenure with both the Republican and Democratic parties, Hall frequently challenged her party's political establishment  While in the Republican Party, Hall was seen as a member of the party's liberal wing; she was an objector to the Vietnam War and opposed an attempt to outlaw abortion, with Hall stating, "I don't think I should legislate my religious beliefs on someone else"  While a Democrat, Hall was seen as a firebrand emblematic of the party's grassroots base, challenging the Democratic establishment by opposing Buckley in 2007 and leading the attempt to impeach Bush  Hall was described as "a giant among the moral compass-holders in the community" While in the state house, Hall's primary issues were the government integrity and campaign finance reform  Hall was also an advocate for mental health issues  She served as the first president of Milford Regional Counseling Services in the 1970s, and later founded Harbor Homes, an organization that provides transitional housing for people with mental illness  In the 1960s, Hall was also the president of the Waban Association for Retarded Children 

Economy, regulation, and taxation
In 1989, Hall led opposition towards a bill which would introduce new regulations against gravel pit operators  However, the following week, in what was described as "parliamentary shenanigans", the bill was revived, amended, and passed in both chambers of the state legislature  Later in 1989, Hall sponsored a bottle bill which would have introduced a 5-cent deposit on bottles and cans in order finance recycling centers  The bill also called for bottles and cans to be recycled instead of reused  Hall sponsored a similar bill in 1979, which would have imposed a tax ranging from $25 to $9,000 a year on businesses in order to fund litter control and recycling In 1990, New Hampshire's economy collapsed and the state fell heavily into debt  Hall opposed a bill which would order the state to repay all of its bills within 30 days, stating that it didn't solve the problem and "would only make us think we're doing something"  Hall also opposed a budget which would marginally cut spending and levy small taxes, such as a 4-cent cigarette tax and a 5% phone tax, stating that "cutting 10 percent and 20 percent isn't going to do  Nickel and dime taxes aren't going to do it either"  She was instead supportive of the legislature stepping back and allow the governor to "reduce spending any way he could"  Hall had previously opposed the state budget in 1979 due to the inclusion of a 1-cent gas tax  In 2007, Hall supported legislation pushed by the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative which would "reduce carbon pollution from power plants, lower energy bills and strengthen our economy" 

Education
Throughout her career, Hall supported the breaking up of cooperative school districts  Cooperative school districts, known as school administrative units (SAUs), were school districts consisting of multiple towns  Hall said that wealthier, smaller towns would be forced to disproportionately fund an SAU when grouped with poorer, larger towns  She also said the small towns were effectively trapped in the SAU as long as the larger towns were able to out-vote the smaller towns In 1971, Hall sponsored legislation which would establish a volunteer corps to provide assistance and counseling to minors who violated the law  In 1973, she sponsored a bill which would create a scholarship program for college students from New Hampshire  After a first attempt failed in the House, the bill was amended to apply only to students attending in-state colleges  The program would provide matching funds for college students: the state would allocate 25 cents for every dollar given by a private scholarship  During her 2008 state senate campaign, Hall stated that she opposed funding education from property taxes, instead supporting a "pay-as-you-go" model 

Government integrity and reform
In 1972, Hall supported an election reform bill which would restrict candidates from working in polling places in which their name was on the ballot  She was the only representative from a small town to support the bill  Introduced by state representative Chris Spirou, the bill had public support, but faced heavy opposition in the House after being "verbally beaten into the ground by many state representatives from small towns who double as election officials in their home communities"  In her support for the bill, Hall said that it could allow for more people to become involved in the political process 
While with Common Cause in 1977, Hall supported a state ethics commission to watch over the state legislature, stating that at the time New Hampshire was the only state that didn't have conflict-of-interest legislation  In 1979, Hall supported a rule change in the state house that would require all members of the House to list their sources of income  In the mid-2000s, Hall stated her concerned with the outsourcing of New Hampshire's vote counting systems to private companies, citing security and integrity concerns  In 2006, Hall proposed a bill which would make primary and general election days a state holiday  The same year, Hall supported a rules change in the state house which would end segregated party seating, which she said increased partisanship by keeping members of opposing parties separated from each other  During her independent candidacies, Hall also advocated for elections to be publicly funded in order to limit the effects of corporate influence on elections  Due to her work on campaign finance reform, Hall was frequently compared to Doris Haddock, who she was friends with, and with whom she collaborated on election reform issues with 

Notes
Passage 2:
William Worthington (actor)
William Worthington (April 8, 1872 in Troy, New York – April 9, 1941 in Beverly Hills, California) was an American silent film actor and director 

Career
Worthington became interested in the performing arts when he began his career as an opera singer and stage actor  He entered films with a lead role in 1913, and one of his more notable films was Damon and Pythias in 1914  From 1917 to 1925, William concentrated on directing films and was the head of a film production firm called Multicolor, which was bought by Cinecolor in 1932  He was active in films up until his death in 1941 

Filmography
Actor
Director
See also
Multicolor
Passage 3:
Wild Child (film)
Wild Child is a 2008 teen comedy film directed by Nick Moore and starring Emma Roberts, Natasha Richardson, Shirley Henderson, Alex Pettyfer and Aidan Quinn, with Georgia King, Kimberley Nixon, Juno Temple, Linzey Cocker and Sophie Wu  Roberts portrays Poppy Moore, a wealthy and spoiled American teenager who is sent to a boarding school in England by her widowed father, where she soon learns the true meaning of life and friendship  This was Richardson's final film role before her death the following year 

Plot
Poppy Moore, a wealthy but spoiled and rebellious teenager from Malibu, California, damages and discards the belongings of her widowed father's new girlfriend, Rosemary  She grabs a handful of Rosemary's clothes and jumps into the ocean just as her furious father, Gerry, arrives  Gerry announces he will be sending Poppy to Abbey Mount, a boarding school in England, in the hopes that attending the school will turn her life around  When Poppy arrives at Abbey Mount, she is warmly greeted by the headmistress Mrs  Kingsley, and later the head girl, Harriet Bentley, who is disgusted by her sense of entitlement  Poppy learns to her dismay that the bedrooms are communal and is introduced to Kate, Josie, Kiki and Jennifer, also known as "Drippy"  She is initially hostile towards her new roommates upon meeting them, and her behaviour gets them into trouble when she insults the Matron, who confiscates their cellphones and gives them three weeks of detention 
When Kate asks Poppy about her mother, she reveals that she died in a car crash when Poppy was eleven years old  Kate lets Poppy use her actual cellphone to message her friend from back home, Ruby, who is secretly cheating with Poppy's boyfriend, Roddy  The girls decide to help Poppy get expelled from Abbey Mount by carrying out several pranks, which gradually brings them closer together  When none of their plans work, they decide to have Poppy seduce Mrs  Kingsley's son, Freddie, who is forbidden from fraternizing with the female students  After the girls go shopping at a charity shop, they take Poppy to a hair salon for a makeover, where hairdresser Mr  Christopher removes her blonde hair dye and reveals her natural brunette hair  At the school dance, Freddie rejects Harriet in favour of dancing with Poppy, much to Harriet's dismay  Poppy trips on the dancefloor and Freddie takes her outside for fresh air, where he asks her out on a date  
The next day, Poppy discovers her newfound talent for lacrosse and becomes the team's new captain  After several weeks of practicing and improving their skills, the team advances to the finals for the first time since 1976  Finding themselves falling in love with one another, Poppy and Freddie go for a drive in the countryside, where Freddie takes Poppy out for lunch and they kiss  Poppy returns to school only to find her roommates reading an email allegedly written by her, suggesting she was pretending to be friends with them so she could get herself expelled and return to Malibu  Poppy claims she did not write the emails, but the girls refuse to listen and walk out on her  When Freddie receives a similar email, Poppy tries to explain herself, but he slams the door in her face  With no one else to turn to, Poppy sneaks into the kitchen and calls Ruby, who accidentally reveals her affair with Roddy and hangs up on her  
Feeling even more alone, Poppy starts playing with her lighter and accidentally sets a curtain on fire  Hearing footsteps, she quickly puts out the fire and runs back to her bedroom, but a few minutes later, Drippy sees the curtains engulfed in flames and is locked inside the freezer  When Poppy is awoken by the sound of an explosion, she looks out the window and sees the fire growing and immediately wakes the school  When everyone realizes Drippy is missing, Poppy runs into the burning school to rescue her  After the fire is extinguished, Freddie finds her lighter and gives it back to her, refusing to hear any explanation  Realizing she no longer wants to leave, Poppy writes an apology letter to Freddie and later goes to Mrs  Kingsley's office to take the blame for the fire  Afterwards, she finds a portrait of her late mother in the 1976 Abbey Mount lacrosse team and begins to cry upon realizing her mother had attended the school  
While Poppy waits for the Honour Court to decide whether or not she should be expelled, Freddie finds her crying and becomes convinced the fire was an accident, and forgives her  Meanwhile, Drippy reads aloud Poppy's diary, revealing how much Poppy likes her roommates, and Kiki discovers who actually wrote the emails  At the hearing, Poppy gives her testimony and Harriet is determined to prove her guilt, while Poppy's roommates arrive and begin whispering to the other girls  When they all stand up in support of Poppy, Harriet bursts into a tirade and mentions Poppy's lighter  The girls realize that no lighter was ever mentioned and Mrs  Kingsley questions how Harriet knew about the lighter  When Poppy deduces that Harriet was responsible, Harriet snaps at her and accidentally confesses to restarting the fire after Poppy had put it out  A furious Mrs  Kingsley demands to see Harriet in her office and Poppy is absolved  
At the lacrosse finals, Gerry arrives and is taken aback by Poppy's dramatic change in personality and how much she resembles her mother  Abbey Mount wins the lacrosse championship and Poppy, who admits that her father did the right thing by enrolling her at the school, reconciles with him  The next morning, Harriet is expelled and prepares to leave with her father, but not before Harriet's former friends toss her dead pheasants out the window and onto her  Several months later, Poppy and Freddie have resumed their relationship, and she invites her roommates to a pool party at her Malibu mansion  When Freddie notices Ruby trying to call Poppy, she ignores her, now well aware she is not a real friend, and the girls prepare to jump into the ocean 

Cast
Production
The interiors of the boarding school were filmed at Cobham Hall in Kent  The facade of the school was filmed at Balls Park  They also filmed at 82 Main Street, 84 Main Street, 117 Main Street, and at the Brontë Parsonage Museum in Haworth, Keighley, Bradford  Filming also took place in Harrogate, and at Robin Hood's Bay in North Yorkshire 

Reception
Wild Child was released in the United Kingdom on 15 August 2008, taking fifth place at the box office with $2,196,366 from 359 cinemas with an average of $6,118  In its fourth weekend, it dropped to twelfth place  As of November 2008, Wild Child had grossed $8,235,794  In Australia, Wild Child was released 18 September, taking fourth place with only 93 cinemas and making $315,114  The following week, it made a 60% increase with $566,918 but still slipped to 6th place  On 16 October, Wild Child fell to 11th  As of November 2008, Wild Child had grossed US$3,268,424 (A$4,236,579) in Australia  The film has been released in many other countries, proving popular in some: the Netherlands ($1,553,825) and not so popular in others  The film has grossed a worldwide total of $21,972,336  Universal had planned a North American release in the summer of 2009, but canceled it and chose to release the film directly to DVD 

Critical response
Wild Child has a 41% approval rating at Rotten Tomatoes, based on 27 reviews with an average rating of 4 8/10  The website's critical consensus reads, "More mild than wild  This tween comedy mess falls flat on its face due to poor characters, poor direction and poor jokes"  The Sun Online gave the film 2/5 saying "WILD? More like mild, unless you think short skirts and 'horse face' put-downs are outrageous " Urban Cinefile gave Wild Child a much more favourable review, stating "The film has an energy and honesty about it: it's lively, funny and smart and the characters are appealing "
Rating the film 2 out of 5 stars, The Guardian's Peter Bradshaw deemed the film's story and characters "amiable enough, but still a bit tame" compared to films such as Clueless and Freaky Friday  Describing Wild Child as "A tweenie comedy with an uplifting American-style sports movie awkwardly bolted on", David Gritten of The Daily Telegraph considered the film to be "a mess" with predictable plot twists and inferior to the film Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging  In a mostly positive review for Variety, Leslie Felperin wrote that Dahl's script "puts more emphasis on character development and plot mechanics than the recent, slapstick-laden, girls’-school-set "St  Trinian's," and still manages to have funnier one-liners"  Felperin also found that the film's "third-act endorsement of female friendship turns out to be surprisingly affecting, despite obvious sentimentality " Meanwhile, Jack Wilson of The Age took a different view of the characters' development, finding that Dahl's screenplay "dwells unpleasantly on cruelty and humiliation, and finally Poppy does little more than exchange one form of snobbery for another "

DVD release
Wild Child was released on DVD in the United Kingdom on 8 December 2008  In Australia, it was released on 15 January 2009  In the United States, it was released directly to DVD on 17 November 2009 

Soundtrack
Wild Child: The Movie Soundtrack Party Album is a soundtrack album by the film of the same name, released in the United Kingdom and Australia on 18 August 2008  In the United States, the soundtrack wasn't released 
Track listing
Other songs non-includedThe following songs appeared in the movie and trailers, although they were not included on the soundtrack for the film, due to licensing restrictions:

"Angels" – Robbie Williams
"Black Gloves" – Goose
"Chasing Pavements" – Adele
"Heaven Is a Place on Earth" – Belinda Carlisle
"I Got It from My Mama" – will i am
"Real Wild Child" – Everlife
"Roadkill Morning" – Children of Bodom
"Set 'Em Up" – Imran Hanif
"You Think I Don't Care" - Jack McManus
"Surrender Your Groove" – Geri Halliwell
"Toxic" (instrumental) – Britney Spears
Passage 4:
Nick Moore (film director)
Nick Moore is a British film director and editor  He directed the 2011 British Movie Horrid Henry: The Movie  He directed the 2008 Wild Child, and other previous work included editing the 1997 The Full Monty for which he was nominated for a BAFTA award, the 1999 hit  Notting Hill, the 2002 About a Boy for which he was nominated for the American Cinema Editors Award for Best Edited Feature Film – Comedy or Musical, and the 2003 Love Actually 

Filmography
Director
2008: Wild Child
2011: Horrid Henry: The Movie
2014: Pudsey: The Movie

Editor
1983: Never Say Never Again
1987: Empire of the Sun
1989: Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
1990: Spies Inc 
1990: Memphis Belle
1991: Meeting Venus
1992: Orlando
1993: Little Buddha
1994: A Business Affair
1994: Mary Shelley's Frankenstein
1996: Mission: Impossible
1997: The Full Monty
1998: The Land Girls
1998: Divorcing Jack
1999: Notting Hill
2000: Beautiful Joe
2001: What's the Worst That Could Happen?
2001: Ghost World
2001: All the Queen's Men
2002: About a Boy
2003: Love Actually
2004: Along Came Polly
2004: Christmas with the Kranks
2005: Nanny McPhee
2006: Freedomland
2006: Little Man
2007: Meet Bill
2008: Last Chance Harvey
2010: Leap Year
2010: Morning Glory
2012: Mirror Mirror
2013: Enough Said
2014: Finding Fanny
2014: She's Funny That Way
2015: Jenny's Wedding
2015: Burnt
2016: Bridget Jones's Baby
2017: The Ottoman Lieutenant
2018: Patrick
2018: King of Thieves
Passage 5:
Tula Belle
Tula Belle (28 July 1906 – 13 October 1992) was an American child film actress  She was born in what is now Oslo, Norway She starred in The Blue Bird 

Filmography
The Brand of Cowardice (1916)
Over the Hill (1917)
The Vicar of Wakefield (1917)
The Blue Bird (1918)
A Doll's House (1918) based on A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen
At the Mercy of Men (1918)
Deliverance (1919)
The Miracle Man (1919)
Old Dad (1920)
Passage 6:
West of Shanghai
West of Shanghai is a 1937 American adventure film directed by John Farrow and starring Boris Karloff as a Chinese warlord  It is based on the 1920 Porter Emerson Browne play The Bad Man  Three other films, all titled The Bad Man, are also based on the same play: 

in 1923, directed by Edwin Carewe and starring Holbrook Blinn
in 1930, directed by Clarence Badger and starring Walter Huston
in 1941, starring Wallace Beery and Ronald Reagan and directed by Richard Thorpe 

Plot
On a train bound for lawless northern China, businessman Gordon Creed (Ricardo Cortez) encounters acquaintance Myron Galt (Douglas Wood) and his attractive daughter Lola (Sheila Bromley)  Galt is on his way to foreclose on a very promising oilfield built up by Jim Hallet (Gordon Oliver)  Creed, on the other hand, wants to offer Hallet enough money to pay off his loan from Galt (for a tidy share of the oilfield) 
Creed is annoyed when his reserved compartment is appropriated by General Chow Fu-Shan (Vladimir Sokoloff)  The general is on his way to deal with self-styled General Wu Yen Fang (Boris Karloff), a warlord who has taken control of a province  However, Chow Fu-Shan is assassinated on the train by one of Fang's men 
After being questioned by military governor General Ma (Tetsu Komai), the three travel by horse to a remote town, where they find not only Hallet (Gordon Oliver), but Creed's estranged wife Jane (Beverly Roberts), who is working for missionary Dr  Abernathy (Gordon Hart)  Then, Fang's subordinate, Captain Kung Nui (Chester Gan) and his men take over the town  When Kung Nui casts his eyes on Jane, Hallet impulsively punches him  Jane and Hallet have fallen in love, though she does not believe in divorce and has kept their relationship strictly platonic  Hallet is knocked out and imprisoned 
When Fang arrives, he tries to persuade Jane to go with him, promising she would enjoy it (blithely explaining "I am Fang")  Hallet escapes with the help of an associate disguised as one of Fang's soldiers, and sends him to notify General Ma of Fang's whereabouts  Hallet then breaks in on Fang and Jane's private discussion  Fang remembers Hallet, who once hid a coolie and dug three bullets out of his shoulder; that was Fang before his meteoric rise  The warlord decides to help his benefactor  Fang robs Creed of $50,000, uses it to pay Galt what Hallet owes, then takes the money and offers it to Dr  Abernathy 
Creed bribes Captain Kung Nui to rebel against Fang  Kung Nui wants to regain face by having Hallet executed  Fang pretends to give in, but just before a firing squad shoots the oilman, Fang has his right-hand man, Mr  Cheng (Richard Loo), kill Kung Nui  Afterward, Fang personally shoots Creed to fix Hallet's romantic problem, but only manages to wound him 
Government troops arrive and force their way into the town  In the confusion, Jane, accompanied by Hallet, goes to attend to her husband's wound  Creed produces a gun and announces that Hallet is going to have a fatal accident, but is killed by Fang 
With the battle lost, Fang decides to surrender rather than risk the lives of his captives by fighting to the end  He is taken out and shot 

Cast
Boris Karloff as General Wu Yen Fang
Beverly Roberts as Mrs  Jane Creed
Ricardo Cortez as Gordon Creed
Gordon Oliver as Jim Hallet
Sheila Bromley as Lola Galt
Douglas Wood as Myron Galt
Vladimir Sokoloff as General Chow Fu-Shan
Gordon Hart as Dr  Abernathy
Richard Loo as Mr  Cheng
Chester Gan as Captain Kung Nui
Tetsu Komai as General Ma

Production
This was the second film John Farrow directed for Warner Bros 
Karloff was to make Black Widow for Warner Bros  But the studio pushed forward the film in their schedule to take advantage of the Second Sino-Japanese War It was known during production as China Bandit, then War Lord, then The Adventures of Fang  Filming took place in February 1937 Willard Parker was to have made his debut in the film  Karloff's makeup required three hours of work per day; this was less time than was required for his non-human roles 

Reception
The New York Times wrote Karloff "admirably acquits himself as a comedian" in the film which nonetheless had "atmospheric validity" due to "numerous Chinese extras and an imaginative treatment of sets "

See also
Boris Karloff filmography
Passage 7:
John Chaffey
John Chaffey is an English osteopathic doctor and former child film actor 

Film career
Chaffey was featured in many television adverts as a child  He is best remembered for a role in the 1973 Peter Sellers movie The Optimists of Nine Elms 

Medical career
Chaffey studied at University of East London, receiving in 1991 a research-based degree comparing osteopathic and physiotherapeutic interventions in the mechanical discomforts of pregnancy  He qualified at the British School of Osteopathy (1988)  He headed an osteopathic group practice beginning in 1991, working with a team of 11 osteopathic specialists  He attained leadership positions in the UK Osteopathy profession, being appointed as a Member of Council of UK Regulator, the General Osteopathic Council, in 2012  He is a member of the Education and Registration Standards Committee 
Chaffey has worked in osteopathic education since 1991 as a lecturer and clinic tutor  He is currently a Clinical Tutor
at the European School of Osteopathy, lecturing on communication and compliance issues  He was Module Leader for Osteopathy for 2 years at Oxford Brookes University, and currently serves as an external examiner for that institution  He became an external examiner for Final Clinical Competence in 2001 
Passage 8:
Shreya Sharma
Shreya Sharma  is an Indian child film actress  She lives in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India 

Filmography
She acted first at the age of 13 in film The Blue Umbrella 

Other
On the occasion of 125th birth year of popular Hindi writer Chandradhar Sharma ‘Guleri’, a special screening of the film Usne Kaha Tha based on one of his popular stories was held on 19 July 2008 in the capital city of Himachal Pradesh  Shreya Sharma narrated the story ahead of the screening, held at Auckland House School, Longwood 
Passage 9:
Beauty and the Bad Man
Beauty and the Bad Man is a 1925 American silent Western film directed by William Worthington and starring Mabel Ballin, Forrest Stanley, and Russell Simpson 

Plot
As described in a film magazine review, Cassie, an orphan with vocal abilities, enters the mining town after fleeing from her worthless husband of one day  She meets the gambler, who likes her and stakes her with the money he won after breaking the bank  She uses the money to cultivate her voice, and then returns to the mining town famous  Her old husband wants her to return, and when she refuses he fires a gun, but he is late and is winged by a friend of the gambler  Cassie then realizes her love for the gambler 

Cast
Preservation
With no prints of Beauty and the Bad Man located in any film archives, it is a lost film 
Passage 10:
Alias – the Bad Man
Alias – the Bad Man, also known as Alias Bad Man, is a 1931 American  pre-Code Western film, directed by Phil Rosen and starring Ken Maynard, Virginia Brown Faire, and Frank Mayo  It was released on July 15, 1931 

Plot
Clem Neville and fellow rancher Warner are being plagued by a group of rustlers  He sends for his son, Ken, to come help him round up the criminals  However, when Ken arrives he finds out that his father and Warner have been killed  He does not reveal his identity to any of the townspeople, and Warner's daughter, Mary, suspects him of being one of the rustlers  As they verbally spar, Ken learns that Mary had known of a plan of Clem and her father to trap the rustlers  The only person she shared the information with was Rance Collins  He meets up with an old friend Ranger Simpson, known by the nickname of "Repeater", who he lets know what he is attempting to do 
Suspecting that Rance must be involved, Ken learns who some of his associates are  He follows one back to the gang's hideout, and after overhearing of their plans to finish rustling Warner's cattle, steps into the room and asks for a job  Collins is skeptical, but then Repeater shows up and, as set up before by him and Ken, arrests Ken for Clem's murder  Collins suspicions of Ken are alleviated, and he and some of his men ride after the two  They help Ken escape, during which Ken makes it appear as if Repeater has been killed  However, once back at the hideout, suspicions once again begin to arise  Finally, one of the rustlers returns to the hideout and recognizes Ken from Warner's ranch earlier that day  Surrounded by the gang, Ken's horse, Tarzan comes to his rescue and breaks a window allowing him to escape 
Collins henchmen take off after Ken, while Collins remains behind to continue planning their rustling activities  Ken eludes the gang and doubles back to the hideout  He delays Collins long enough for Repeater to arrive with the sheriff to arrest Collins  Afterwards, Mary apologizes to Ken for jumping to conclusions, and Ken decides to stay on in town and run his father's ranch 

Cast list
Ken Maynard as Ken Neville
Virginia Brown Faire as Mary Warner
Frank Mayo as Rance Collins
Charles King as Black
Robert Homans as Mr  Warner
Irving Bacon as Ranger Simpson
Lafe McKee as Clem Neville

Production
In early April it was announced that one of Maynard's upcoming pictures would be titled, The Bad Man  By the middle of the month, the film had become known as Alias The Bad Man, the third of a series of eight films Maynard was slated to do for Tiffany Productions  On April 18, it was reported that Maynard had wrapped on his prior film, Two Gun Man, and that production on Alias the Bad Man would begin in the near future  The picture began filming the week of May 16, with production complete by the first week in June  The film was released on July 15, 1931 

Reception
The Film Daily gave the film a positive review, lauding the direction, story and cinematography  They also highlighted the acting work of Ken Maynard and Virginia Brown Faire  "The story is above the average western opus material, having an intelligent plot, with plenty of surprises and twists to keep the suspense always at a fever heat " Harrison's Reports said, "A good Western  The story is interesting and there is plenty of action and suspense  Some of the situations will hold the spectator breathless    "



ground_truth: no