prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Who died first, Frederick Cleveland Morgan or Nathaniel Mclenaghan?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Frederick Hibbard
Frederick Cleveland Hibbard  (June 15, 1881 – December 12, 1950) was an American sculptor based in Chicago  Hibbard is best remembered for his Civil War memorials, produced to commemorate both the Union and Confederate causes 
Born and raised in Canton, Missouri, he graduated from the University of Missouri before deciding to be a sculptor  He studied with Lorado Taft at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago Hibbard was a member of the National Sculpture Society and exhibited at their 1923 show held in New York City 

Selected works
Carter H  Harrison, Union Park, Chicago, Illinois, 1907 
Samuel Langhorne Clemens (Mark Twain), Riverview Park, Hannibal, Missouri, 1913 
Volney Rogers Memorial, Mill Creek Park, Youngstown, Ohio, 1920
Bust of John Ross Callahan, Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, Ohio, 1923 
Relief portrait of Jefferson Davis, bronze, Jefferson Davis Monument State Historic Site, Fairview, Kentucky, 1924 
Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn at the Foot of Cardiff Hill, Cardiff Hill, North & Main Streets, Hannibal, Missouri, 1926 
Jefferson Davis, marble, Kentucky State Capitol, Frankfort, Kentucky, 1936 
Jefferson Davis, bronze, Alabama State Capitol, Montgomery, Alabama,  1940 
Abraham and Mary Todd Lincoln Monument, East Park, Racine, Wisconsin, 1943 

Military monuments and memorials
Statue of bald eagle on Illinois Memorial, Vicksburg National Military Park, 1906 
Confederate Soldier Monument, Monroe County Courthouse, Forsyth, Georgia, 1907–08 
General James Shields, Carroll County Courthouse, Carrollton, Missouri,  1910 
A replica is at the Minnesota State Capitol in Saint Paul 
Artillery, Cavalry, Infantry, Navy, Sedgwick County Soldiers and Sailors Monument, Wichita, Kansas, 1913  E  M  Viquesney designed the monument and modeled the Victory figure atop its dome 
Confederate Memorial, erected by the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Shiloh National Military Park, 1917
Col  Alexander Doniphan, Ray County Courthouse, Richmond, Missouri, 1917–18 
Equestrian Statue of General Ulysses S  Grant, Vicksburg National Military Park, Vicksburg, Mississippi,  1919 
Col  David N  Foster, Swinney Park, Ft  Wayne, Indiana, 1922 
Parade Rest and Lookout, Soldiers and Sailors National Military Museum and Memorial, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  1923 
James Pendergast Memorial, Case Park, Kansas City, MO  1913 
Fawn fountain, at Promontory Point (Chicago)
Passage 2:
Frederick Cleveland Morgan
Frederick Cleveland Morgan D C L  LL  D (also known as F  C  Morgan, F  Cleveland Morgan and informally as Cleve Morgan) (1 December 1881 – 3 October 1962) was a Canadian department store heir, art collector, museum manager, and philanthropist 

Career
F  Cleveland Morgan was the great nephew of Henry Morgan, founder of  Morgan’s Department stores, which were sold to the Hudson's Bay Company in the early sixties  At age 18, he entered Trinity College, Cambridge  He received an M A  degree in zoology from McGill University in 1904 and then entered the family business Henry Morgan and Company till 1952 when he retired  There, as Vice-President, he was responsible for display, special events and the art and antique departments  Persistent eye problems (he had lost an eye in an accident when he was seven) led to his dedicating his life to building the decorative arts collection that defines the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts He was made the first curator of Decorative Arts at the Art Association of Montreal, now the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts and held the position from 1916 until his death in 1962  Under his direction, the collection amassed more than 70,000 works (around 150 every year ) Among his acquisitions were the first Inuit artworks acquired by the Museum; he made these acquisitions in 1953 Denys Sutton of the Apollo magazine believed Morgan was one of the most perceptive connoisseurs of his day in North America  Morgan's "outstanding judgement of quality and discernment" is reflected in the objects he gave (896 in his own name, 262 from his family ),, talked family and friends into purchasing and donating or purchased for the collection  His gifts constituted nearly his entire personal collection but there were many more that came to the collection through his astute knowledge of the art field and influence  These gifts are estimated at about a thousand Another area of interest for him was the breeding of Siberian irises in which he was a pioneer  He was founding member of the American Iris Society  Some of his magnificent cultivars still enhance gardens around the globe In 1912, he built a country home in Senneville, Quebec, and called it Le Sabot  It was designed by David Shennan and today is considered an important monument of the Arts and Crafts movement in Canada and designated as a Historic Site of Canada  He also is responsible for the establishment of the Morgan Arboretum, given to McGill University in 1985  Frederick Cleveland Morgan died in Senneville on October 3, 1962  He is buried in the Cimetière Mont-Royal
Outremont, Montreal Region, Quebec 

Honours
1954 Doctor of Civil Law degree Bishop's University 
1960 Hon  Doctor of Laws McGill University 
1970 (posthumous) Award of Merit by the Royal Horticultural Society for creating the 'Mount Royal' iris 
2014 Designated a Person of National Historic Interest 
Passage 3:
Leota Morgan
Leota Morgan (sometimes credited as Leota Statten Morgan or Leota Morgan Boehm) was an American screenwriter, playwright, and writer  She was born in Missouri to Samuel Morgan and Della Quinn 

Selected works
Films:

The Phantom of the Turf (1928)
Heroes in Blue (1927)
A Light in the Window (1927)
The Truth About Women (1924)
Gambling Wives (1924)
The Empty Cradle (1923)
Man and Wife (1923)
None So Blind (1923)
The Streets of New York (1922)
White Hell (1922)
Common Sense (1920)Plays:

The 11th Woman
The Streets of New York
Banks of the Hudson
Tiger-DoveNovels:

Cheating Wives
Passage 4:
Nate James (disambiguation)
Nathan, Nate or Nathaniel James may refer to:

USS Nathan James, a fictional ship in The Last Ship
Nate James (born 1979), singer-songwriter
Nate James (American football) (born 1945), American football player
Nate James (basketball) (born 1977), American basketball player and coach

See also
All pages with titles containing Nathan James
All pages with titles containing Nathaniel James
Passage 5:
Hélène Grenier
Hélène Grenier was a Canadian librarian born in 1900 who died in 1992 

Biography
She was director of school libraries for the Catholic School Commission of Montreal from 1933 to 1961  A musician, she published in 1947 a monograph entitled The Symphonic Music of Monteverde to Beethoven  She was the granddaughter of former Quebec premier Félix-Gabriel Marchand 
Grenier's archives are kept in the Montreal archives center of the Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec 
Passage 6:
Nathaniel McLenaghan
Nathaniel McLenaghan (November 11, 1841 – September 26, 1912) was an Ontario merchant and political figure  He represented Lanark South in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1890 to 1893 as a Conservative member 
He was born in Drummond Township, Canada West in 1841, the son of Irish immigrants, and educated in Perth  He taught school for several years before becoming involved in exporting cattle  McLenaghan served on the town council for Perth  He was named deputy customs collector at Perth in 1893 and customs collector in 1897 
He died at Perth in 1912 
Passage 7:
Frances Lasker Brody
Frances Lasker Brody (1916–2009) was an American arts advocate, collector, and philanthropist who influenced the development of Los Angeles' cultural life as a founding benefactor of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art and later as a guiding patron of the Huntington Library, Art Collections and Gardens Mrs  Brody, who died on November 12, 2009, at 93, was the wife of Sidney F  Brody, a real estate developer who died in 1983, and the stepdaughter of Mary Lasker, a philanthropist and champion of medical research who died in 1994  The Brodys lived in a modernist house in the Holmby Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles that was designed by the architect A  Quincy Jones and the decorator William Haines to show off the couple’s collection 

Early life
Frances Lasker was born May 27, 1916, in Chicago to Flora Lasker (née Warner) and Albert Lasker, who built the advertising firm of Lord & Thomas  Albert Lasker was known in the advertising world for campaigns that popularized Kleenex tissues, Lucky Strike cigarettes and Sunkist orange juice  She studied political science, English and history at Vassar College, where she graduated in 1937 After college, she worked briefly as a model and saleswoman at a dress shop near Chicago  During World War II, while serving in a volunteer ambulance corps, she met Sidney Brody, a decorated Army lieutenant colonel who flew missions in Europe  They were married in 1942 After the war, the couple moved to Los Angeles, where he built a fortune as a developer of shopping centers  He died in 1983 

Art collection and auction
At the suggestion of Brody's father and her stepmother, medical philanthropist Mary Lasker, she and Sidney began collecting art  Through her work with the UCLA Art Council, which was founded in the early 1950s, she fell in love with a Henry Moore sculpture  "Sid put it under the Christmas tree  And well, by then I guess we were hooked," she told the Los Angeles Times in 1969 With her late husband, Sidney, she played a major role in the launch of LACMA, which opened in 1965, and for many years was a force on the UCLA Art Council, which she helped found and served as president  Under her leadership, the council mounted an important exhibition on the works of Pablo Picasso for his 80th birthday in 1961  She was the catalyst for a major Matisse retrospective at UCLA in 1966 that, with its unprecedented loans from the Matisse family, was what Los Angeles Times critic Henry J  Seldis called "one of the most ambitious exhibitions ever organized locally "
Brody was a member of the Huntington's board of overseers for 20 years, playing a crucial early role in the development of its Chinese garden Sotheby's and Christie's competed for four months for the auction with an original estimated value of $150 million  The Brody collection was a huge success, totaling $224 17 million  Because Brody was passionate about gardens, some of the sale’s proceeds were to go to the Huntington Library A Picasso painting, Nu au Plateau de Sculpteur (Nude, Green Leaves and Bust), was the jewel of the collection and estimated to bring more than $80 million  The painting sold for a $95 million bid, which with the sale charge raised the full price to $106 48 million  Painted in rich blues, pinks and greens, it depicts the artist’s mistress Marie-Thérèse Walter asleep naked; above her, a bust of her head rests on a pedestal  The couple bought the painting from Paul Rosenberg, a New York dealer, who acquired it from Picasso in 1936  Picasso painted several canvases of Marie-Thérèse Walter that year, including Le Rêve, (The Dream), which belongs to the casino owner Stephen A  Wynn A bust by Alberto Giacometti, Grande tête mince (1954), was expected to sell for $25 million to $35 million  His bronze La main (1948) sold for $25 million  The bronze figure of a cat by Giacometti, cast in 1955, sold for $20 8 million Georges Braque’s La Treille set a world record for the painter at $10 16 million  A Marino Marini bronze of a rider, Piccolo cavaliere, followed at $2 32 million, also more than the highest estimate  Picasso’s Femme au chat assise dans un fauteuil, painted in 1964, sold for $18 million In 1951, the Brodys purchased Camille Pissarro’s “Rue Saint-Honoré, dans l’après-midi  Effet de pluie” from the Frank Perls Gallery  The Pissarro is the object of a long-running claim for restitution for Nazi-looted art  The Pissarro had been acquired by the Nazi appraiser Jackob Scheidwimmer from Lilly Cassirer and her husband Otto Neubauer, seized by the Gestapo, and auctioned at a Nazi auction before being smuggled from Germany to California and sold at the Frank Perls Gallery  The Brodys resold the Pissarro via Knoedler in 1952 and, after more transactions it ended up via the Stephen Hahn Gallery in the collection of  Baron Thyssen-Bornemisza 

House
In 1949, the couple commissioned a modernist house in Holmby Hills by architect A  Quincy Jones and interior designer William Haines  The house combined two fashionable contemporary styles: California mid-century Modernist architecture and sophisticated Hollywood Moderne décor  The house became a gathering spot for a cross-section of the city's elite, from old Los Angeles families such as the Chandlers to Hollywood icons Gary Cooper and Joan Crawford and also served as a showcase for a stunning art collection Shortly after the house was completed, the Brodys commissioned Henri Matisse in 1952 to execute a massive ceramic-tile wall mural, one of few the artist ever made, for their courtyard  In 1953 they traveled to France to review his preliminary maquette  The story of Frances’s polite resistance to Matisse’s first cut-out design and how she persuaded the artist to provide alternatives is now legend  Matisse eventually created a 12-by-11-foot ceramic-tile wall mural for the courtyard  It was later donated to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art The Brody House was listed for sale in May 2010 for $24 95 million, the same week the Brody's art collection hit the auction block at Christie's in New York  The 11,500-square-foot (1,070 m2) home at 360 South Mapleton Drive, next door to the Playboy Mansion, sits on 2 3 acres (9,300 m2) and includes a tennis court and a pool with a guesthouse  It was designed with a modernist décor that includes a floating staircase and floor-to-ceiling glass windows that create an indoor-outdoor living space considered cutting edge at the time The Brody House was sold for $14 8 million in late December 2010  The investor/owner spent three years working with the Los Angeles Conservancy to restore the house  In 2014, Ellen DeGeneres bought the house for $39 888 million in an off-market deal 
Passage 8:
David Scotus
David Scotus was a Gaelic chronicler who died in 1139 

Biography
His date of birth is unknown  Early in the twelfth century there was at Würzburg an ecclesiastic and teacher known as David  His surname Scotus shows that he was probably a Gael from either Ireland or Scotland, if he is identical with the homonymous  Bishop of Bangor, from Wales (see below) 
According to Ekkehard's Chronicon, Emperor Henry V received him, was charmed with his virtue and knowledge, and made him one of the imperial chaplains  With other scholars, David accompanied Henry on his expedition to Italy in 1110, and was appointed royal historiographer for the occasion with the intention, perhaps, of drafting the emperor's relatio, a brief narrative stringing together the documents of the intended treaty and presenting his master's achievements in the best light  The expedition did not go to plan, with the incumbent Pope Pascal II at first refusing to crown Henry and his wife, Matilda, relenting only after two months of imprisonment  The work written by David has been lost, although it was used as authority in the writings of William of Malmesbury and Ordericus Vitalis He died in 1139 

Writings
His work in three books is now known only from excerpts of it in later historians, especially in Ekkehard and William of Malmesbury  The latter says that David described the expedition with partiality for the king 

Possibly identical homonym
A certain David was consecrated Bishop of Bangor in Wales, 4 April 1120; according to Malmesbury he was none other than the chaplain David Scotus  As bishop he took part in several English synods, and probably died in 1139, since his successor was then consecrated  But it is not easy to reconcile with the foregoing, the statement of the later historian Trithemius, that David became a monk under St  Macharius in the monastery of St  James in Würzburg, as this abbey was not founded until 1140 

See also
Aaron Scotus (died 1052)
Blessed Marianus Scotus (died circa 1088)
Joseph Scottus (died near 800), Irish deacon, scholar, diplomat, poet, and ecclesiastic
Johannes Scotus Eriugena (circa 815–877), Irish theologian
Marianus Scotus (circa 1028–1082), Irish monk
Marianus Scotus (died c  1088), Irish abbot of St Peter's at Ratisbon (Regensburg)
Sedulius Scottus (9th century), Irish teacher, grammarian and Scriptural commentator

Notes
Sources
 Herbermann, Charles, ed  (1913)  "David Scotus"  Catholic Encyclopedia  New York: Robert Appleton Company 

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed  (1913)  Catholic Encyclopedia  New York: Robert Appleton Company  {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
Passage 9:
Nathanael Salmon
Nathanael (or Nathaniel) Salmon (22 March 1675 – 2 April 1742) was an English antiquary who wrote books on Roman and other antiquities to be found in the south-east of England  He was not well respected as a scholar in his time or subsequently, but he was industrious and well travelled, and he recorded many local customs and much folklore 

Early life
Nathanael Salmon was born on 22 March 1675 at Meppershall Rectory, Bedfordshire, the eldest son of Thomas Salmon, the Rector, and his wife Katherine Bradshaw  He was educated at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge (LLB, 1695) 

Career
Salmon was ordained a priest in 1699, but refused to swear allegiance to Queen Anne in 1702 and thereby reject the son of King James II  He resigned as a curate and worked for a time as a physician  He rejected the offer of a parish in Suffolk, although it paid a stipend of £140 a year Salmon wrote a number of books on local history, collecting folklore and detailing local customs, and he "could turn a pungent phrase " He travelled extensively in England, carefully observing landscape and recording what he was told of the folklore, as well as current life and conditions  His histories are considered inaccurate, but he usefully published much manuscript material 

Death
Salmon died in London on 2 April 1742, leaving three daughters  He was buried at St Dunstan in the West, London 5 April 1742 

Works
The History of Hertfordshire, describing the county and its ancient monuments, particularly the Roman, Richardson, London, 1728 
A New Survey of England, wherein the Defects of Camden are supplied &c, 11 parts, 1728–1729 
The Lives of the English Bishops from the Restauration to the Revolution, 1731–1733 
Antiquities of Surrey, collected from the most ancient records, London, 1736 
The History and Antiquities of Essex, 1740 

See also
Henry Chauncy
Passage 10:
Muiredach Ua hÉnlainge
Muiredach Ua hÉnlainge was a Bishop of Clonfert who died in 1117 
Context 2: Passage 1:
Wale Adebanwi
Wale Adebanwi (born 1969) is a Nigerian-born first Black Rhodes Professor at St Antony's College, Oxford where he was, until June 2021, a Professor of Race Relations, and the Director of the African Studies Centre, School of Interdisciplinary Area Studies, and a Governing Board Fellow  He is currently a Presidential Penn Compact Professor of Africana Studies at the University of Pennsylvania  Adebanwi's research focuses on a range of topics in the areas of social change, nationalism and ethnicity, race relations, identity politics, elites and cultural politics, democratic process, newspaper press and spatial politics in Africa 

Education background
Wale Adebanwi graduated with a first degree in Mass Communication from the University of Lagos, and later earned his M Sc  and Ph D  in Political Science from the University of Ibadan  He also has an MPhil  and a Ph D  in Social Anthropology from the University of Cambridge 

Career
Adebanwi worked as a freelance reporter, writer, journalist and editor for many newspapers and magazines before he joined the University of Ibadan's Department of Political Science as a lecturer and researcher  He was later appointed as an assistant professor in the African American and African Studies Department of the University of California, Davis, USA  He became a full professor at UC Davis in 2016 Adebanwi is the co-editor of Africa: Journal of the International African Institute and the Journal of Contemporary African Studies 

Works
His published works include:
Nation as Grand Narrative: The Nigerian Press and the Politics of Meaning (University of Rochester Press, 2016)
Yoruba Elites and Ethnic Politics in Nigeria: Obafemi Awolowo and Corporate Agency (Cambridge University Press, 2014)
Authority Stealing: Anti-corruption War and Democratic Politics in Post-Military Nigeria (Carolina Academic Press, 2012)In addition, he is the editor and co-editor of other books, including 

The Political Economy of Everyday Life in Africa: Beyond the Margins (James Currey Publishers, 2017)
Writers and Social Thought in Africa (Routledge, 2016)
(co-edited with Ebenezer Obadare) Governance and the Crisis of Rule in Contemporary Africa (Palgrave Macmillan, 2016)
(co-edited with Ebenezer Obadare) Democracy and Prebendalism in Nigeria: Critical Interpretations (Palgrave Macmillan, 2013) 
(co-edited with Ebenezer Obadare) Nigeria at Fifty: The Nation in Narration (Routledge, 2012)
(co-edited with Ebenezer Obadare) Encountering the Nigerian State (Palgrave Macmillan, 2010) 

Awards
Rhodes Professorship in Race Relations awarded by Oxford University to Faculty of African and Interdisciplinary Area Studies 
Passage 2:
Fred Williamson
Frederick Robert Williamson (born March 5, 1938), also known as "the Hammer", is an American actor and former professional American football defensive back who played mainly in the American Football League (AFL) during the 1960s  Williamson has had a busy film career, starring as Tommy Gibbs in the 1973 crime drama film Black Caesar and its sequel Hell Up in Harlem  Williamson also had roles in other 1970s blaxploitation films such as Hammer (1972), That Man Bolt (1973) and Three the Hard Way (1974) 

Early life and education
Born in Gary, Indiana, Williamson was the oldest child born to Frank, a welder and Lydia Williamson  Williamson attended Froebel High School, where he ran track and played football  He graduated in 1956  After high school, Williamson left Gary for Evanston, Illinois to attend Northwestern University on a football scholarship 

Career
Football
After playing college football for Northwestern in the late 1950s, Williamson was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Pittsburgh Steelers  When during training camp he was switched to their defense, his attitude over the switch prompted him to play his position with too much aggression, and the coach of the 49ers asked him to quit "hammering" his players  Thus, "The Hammer" quickly stuck and became his nickname 
Williamson played one year for the Steelers in the National Football League in 1960  Next, he moved to the new American Football League  Williamson played four seasons for the AFL's Oakland Raiders, making the AFL All-Star team in 1961, 1962, and 1963  He also played three seasons for the AFL's Kansas City Chiefs  During his period of playing for the Chiefs, Williamson became one of football's first self-promoters, nurturing the nickname "The Hammer" because he used his forearm to deliver karate-style blows to the heads of opposing players, especially wide receivers  Before Super Bowl I, Williamson garnered national headlines by boasting that he would knock the Green Bay Packers starting receivers, Carroll Dale and Boyd Dowler, out of the game  He stated "Two hammers to Dowler, one to Dale should be enough" His prediction turned out to be an ironic one because "they (Green Bay) broke the hammer" as Williamson himself was knocked out of the game in the fourth quarter on the way to a 35–10 defeat  Williamson's head met the knee of the Packers' running back Donny Anderson  Williamson later suffered a broken arm from his own teammate when Chiefs linebacker Sherrill Headrick fell on him  Williamson finished his eight-season pro football career in 1967 with a history of many hard tackles, passes knocked away, and 36 pass interceptions in 104 games  Williamson returned his interceptions for 479 yards and two touchdowns  After signing with the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League during the 1968 season, but not having played in a league game, Williamson retired 

Acting
Williamson became an actor much in the mold of star running back Jim Brown  He acted alongside Brown in films such as Three the Hard Way (1974), Take a Hard Ride (1975), One Down, Two to Go (1982), Original Gangstas (1996) and On the Edge (2002)  Williamson also guest starred with Brown in various television roles  In October 1973, Williamson posed nude for Playgirl magazine, preempting Brown's appearance in 1974  Williamson's early television roles included a role in the original Star Trek episode "The Cloud Minders" (1969), in which he played Anka  He also played Diahann Carroll's love interest in the sitcom Julia  In an interview for the DVD of Bronx Warriors, Williamson stated that his role in Julia was created for him when he convinced the producers that the Black community was upset that Julia had a different boyfriend every week 
Williamson's early film work included roles in M*A*S*H (1970) and Tell Me That You Love Me, Junie Moon (1970)   He portrayed an escaped slave who flees westward in The Legend of Nigger Charley (1972)  He played the role of an African-American gangster in the film Black Caesar (1973) and its subsequent sequel, Hell Up in Harlem (also 1973)  Williamson also starred in the 1975 western film Boss Nigger, in which he played the title role  After this he appeared as an actor in several films, most of which are considered to be of the "blaxploitation" genre  Williamson starred alongside Peter Boyle and Eli Wallach in the movie Crazy Joe (1974)  In 1974, Williamson was selected by the ABC television network as a commentator on Monday Night Football to replace Don Meredith, who had left to pursue an acting and broadcasting career at rival network NBC  Williamson was used on a few pre-season broadcasts, but was quickly declared unsuitable by ABC  He was relieved of his duties at the beginning of the regular season, becoming the first MNF personality not to endure for an entire season  He was replaced by the fellow former player (and fellow Gary, Indiana, native) Alex Karras 
Williamson co-starred in the short-lived series Half Nelson (1985)  During the mid-to-late 1980s and early 1990s, Williamson frequently appeared on television as a spokesman for King Cobra malt liquor ("Don't let the smooth taste fool you "), as did fellow actor/martial artist Martin Kove  In 1994, Williamson, along with many other black actors from the 'Blaxploitation' movie era (namely Antonio Fargas, Pam Grier, Rudy Ray Moore, and Ron O'Neal) made a cameo appearance on Snoop Doggy Dogg's music video "Doggy Dogg World", where he appears as himself using his pro-football nickname "The Hammer"  Williamson co-starred with George Clooney and Quentin Tarantino in From Dusk till Dawn (1996), directed by Robert Rodriguez  He was in the cast of the original The Inglorious Bastards (1978), which would later inspire Tarantino's 2009 film of similar name 
Williamson has continued his career as an actor and director into the 21st Century, appearing in the reboot film Starsky & Hutch (2004) derived from the 1970s television series 

Working with clique of actors
Williamson has co-starred in a number of films with Bo Svenson  They include, The Inglorious Bastards (1978), Deadly Impact (1984), Delta Force Commando (1987), The Kill Reflex (1989), Three Days to a Kill (1991),  and Steele's Law (1991)

Directing and producing
Since the 1970s, Williamson has had another career as a director and producer  His first film as producer was Boss Nigger (1975), in which he also starred  His second film as producer was with Mean Johnny Barrows (1976), a predecessor of the Rambo films which similarly featured a violent Vietnam Vet plot (though the novel First Blood on which the film First Blood was based was written in 1972)  He has since directed over 20 features  In the middle of the 1970s, Williamson relocated to Rome, Italy and formed his own company Po' Boy Productions, which started to produce actioners including Adios Amigo (1976) and Death Journey (1976), both of which starred and were directed by Williamson  Although his most recent efforts as director and producer have mainly been direct-to-video, Williamson remains an active film maker 

Personal life
Williamson has been married twice  His first marriage was to Ginette Lavonda from 1960 until 1967  Williamson has been married to Linda Williamson since 1988  Williamson has at least three children but some sources state he has at least six  Williamson has black belts in Kenpō, Shotokan karate and taekwondo  Since 1997, Williamson has had a home in Palm Springs, California 

Filmography
See also
List of American Football League players
Passage 3:
Larry Cohen
Lawrence George Cohen (July 15, 1936 – March 23, 2019) was an American screenwriter, producer, and director of film and television, best known as an author of horror and science fiction films — often containing police procedural and satirical elements — during the 1970s and 1980s, such as It's Alive (1974), God Told Me To (1976), It Lives Again (1978), The Stuff (1985) and A Return to Salem's Lot (1987)  He originally emerged as the writer of blaxploitation films such as Bone (1972), Black Caesar, and Hell Up in Harlem (both 1973)  Later on he concentrated mainly on screenwriting, including Phone Booth (2002), Cellular (2004) and Captivity (2007) 
Early in his career, Cohen was a prolific television writer, creating series such as Branded, Blue Light, Coronet Blue, and The Invaders  In 2006, he returned to the directing chair for Mick Garris's anthology series Masters of Horror, directing the episode "Pick Me Up"  In 2017, Cohen was the recipient of a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Fantasia International Film Festival 

Early life
Lawrence George Cohen was born in Manhattan, New York City, on July 15, 1936  His family was of Jewish ancestry  His sister, Ronni Chasen, was a publicist who worked with him beginning early in his film career  He moved to the Riverdale section of the Bronx in New York City at an early age 
Cohen exhibited a voracious appetite for films as a child, visiting the movie theaters at least twice a week, and most of them being double features, the young Cohen managed to consume at least four movies a week  He was a fan of the hard-boiled and film noir movies that featured actors such as Humphrey Bogart and James Cagney; films that were penned by the likes of Raymond Chandler and Dashiell Hammett  Cohen was especially a fan of director Michael Curtiz, whose films include The Adventures of Robin Hood, Casablanca, and Dodge City 
He majored in film studies at the City College of New York 

Career
Early work
During the 1950s Cohen worked for the NBC television network, where he learned how to produce teleplays, and shortly afterward began writing his own television scripts  He created the TV series The Invaders and also scripted episodes of The Defenders and The Fugitive Cohen began his career as a writer for well-known television series, concentrating his efforts on the crime and detective genres  He penned several episodes of The Defenders (1964) — which starred E G  Marshall — one episode of Espionage (1964), and episodes of The Fugitive (1964–65)  Other writing credits during the 1950s and 1960s included the fantasy-suspense anthologies Kraft Television Theatre (1958) and Kraft Suspense Theatre (1965), the espionage TV series Blue Light (1966) starring Robert Goulet and Coronet Blue (1967) starring Frank Converse, and the science-fiction TV series, The Invaders (1967–1968)  In 1966, he wrote the screenplay to the Western film Return of the Seven (also known as Return of the Magnificent Seven), a sequel to the 1960 film The Magnificent Seven, which had the return of Yul Brynner as gunslinger Chris Adams  Four episodes he wrote for Blue Light were edited together to create the theatrical film I Deal in Danger, released in December 1966  He also created the Western TV series Branded (1965–1966) and was the co-creator with Walter Grauman of Blue Light 

1970s
Although Cohen continued to write TV and film scripts during the 1970s – such as Columbo – he further turned his hand to directing  His directorial debut was the 1972 comedy film Bone (aka Beverly Hills Nightmare) starring Yaphet Kotto  Cohen directed Dial Rat for Terror (1973) and Housewife (1973) before creating the It's Alive series in 1974  He wrote, produced and directed the horror film It's Alive, about a mutant monster baby that embarks on a killing spree  The film – an initial commercial failure – was re-released with a new and sharper advertisement campaign; it went on to become a moderate success, earning over $7 million for Warner Bros  and spawning two sequels, It Lives Again (1978) and It's Alive III: Island of the Alive (1987) Cohen followed-up It's Alive with the science-fiction serial killer film God Told Me To (1976), in which a New York detective investigates a spate of killings by apparently random people who say that God told them to commit the crimes  He concentrated his work predominantly within the horror genre throughout the 1970s and 1980s, often incorporating elements of crime, police procedural, and science fiction with scathing social commentary 
Cohen's It's Alive tells of a couple, Frank and Lenore Davis, who give birth to a mutated baby  The doctors and nurses at the hospital attempt to end the life of the deformed child, but it instead kills them and escapes  A police manhunt ensues as the fleeing mutation leaves dead bodies in its wake  Frank sees the child just as Dr  Frankenstein saw his monster and assists the police 
The emphasis in It's Alive is on the potential effects of chemicals to the ecosystem, and experimental prescription drugs that can be harmful to unborn babies  The score for It's Alive was composed by Bernard Herrmann, known for his contributions to many Alfred Hitchcock films, including Psycho, North by Northwest, and Vertigo  The welling strings, horn arrangements and harp glissandos throughout the film prefigure the soundtrack to Herrmann's final film score two years later for Taxi Driver  The cast includes John P  Ryan, Sharon Farrell, James Dixon, and Andrew Duggan 
It Lives Again (1978) picks up where the first one ended  More mutated babies are appearing around the country  Frank has now joined a renegade mob who are attempting to stop the government from killing these strange mutations  The emphasis in It Lives Again is on accepting one's child, even if it is born with deformities or disabilities  The score is again provided by Bernard Herrmann  The cast includes John P  Ryan, James Dixon, Andrew Duggan, and Frederic Forrest 

1980s
During the 1980s, Cohen directed, produced, and scripted a number of low-budget horror films, many of which featured actor Michael Moriarty  The first was Q – a k a  Q: The Winged Serpent (1982) — about an Aztec god known as Quetzalcoatl (the Winged Serpent) resurrected and nesting atop the Chrysler Building  The film is set in New York City, as was typical for Cohen, and sees two police detectives investigating a spate of killings in the city  The cast is headed by Moriarty and co-stars David Carradine, Candy Clark, Richard Roundtree, and James Dixon (another Cohen regular)  The Chrysler Building scenes were actually shot on location in and around the building, including the inside and outside of the cone atop the edifice 
Cohen's next project with Moriarty was The Stuff (1985), in which an alien substance of sorts is found bubbling out of the ground  The Stuff is marketed at the general public, which rapidly becomes addicted to it  David "Mo" Rutheford, an industrial saboteur, played by Moriarty, is hired to investigate the origins of the Stuff and decides to destroy the product  The film co-stars Danny Aiello, Brian Bloom, Scott Bloom, Andrea Marcovicci, Patrick O'Neal, and Paul Sorvino  Saturday Night Live regular Garrett Morris plays Charlie W  Hobbs a k a  Chocolate Chip Charlie, a junk food mogul who assists Mo with his investigation  Cohen cast Moriarty in It's Alive 3: Island of the Alive (1987)—the third part of the Alive Trilogy—and again in A Return to Salem's Lot (1987), the unofficial sequel of Stephen King's novel and TV miniseries Salem's Lot  Cohen finished the 1980s with Wicked Stepmother (1989), in which the late Bette Davis made her last appearance 

1990s
Cohen began the 1990s with his film The Ambulance (1990) starring Eric Roberts  The film is set in New York City and is focused on Josh Baker (Roberts), an aspiring comic book artist, who investigates a string of disappearances: people who are picked up by a mysterious ambulance that never reaches the city hospital  The Ambulance features cameos by Stan Lee, Larry Hama and Jim Salicrup of Marvel Comics  He would direct only two other films during the 1990s, one being the Blaxploitation film Original Gangstas (1996), featuring Jim Brown, Pam Grier, and Fred Williamson  For most of the decade, Cohen concentrated on writing  He penned the remainder of the William Lustig Maniac Cop Trilogy – he had previously scripted Maniac Cop in 1988 – that features Robert Z'Dar as undead Maniac Cop, Matt Cordell, and B-Movie horror actor Bruce Campbell  He then provided the story of the third adaptation of Jack Finney's 1955 science-fiction novel The Body Snatchers, a tale of alien invasion and paranoia: Body Snatchers was directed by Abel Ferrara and starred Forest Whitaker  Throughout the decade Cohen was further involved in various TV projects including NYPD Blue and the Ed McBain-inspired 87th Precinct: Heatwave 

2000s
Cohen's output after the 1990s was less prolific and concentrated solely on scriptwriting, except for a brief return to directing with the Masters of Horror episode "Pick Me Up" (2006)  His first project, Phone Booth (2002), became involved in a Hollywood bidding war, the script eventually ending up in the hands of Joel Schumacher  Phone Booth was a commercial success with an estimated budget of $13 million and a worldwide gross of $98 million  The film starred Colin Farrell, Katie Holmes, Kiefer Sutherland, and Forest Whitaker; it was produced by David Zucker 
His next film, another action-crime thriller titled Cellular (2004), also featured phones and, like Phone Booth, it was a modest commercial success with an estimated budget of $25 million and a gross worldwide return of $50 million  Cellular starred Kim Basinger, Chris Evans, William H  Macy, and Jason Statham  Cellular was later re-made as Connected (2008), Cohen being credited with the story  He then scripted the horror-thriller films Captivity (2007) and Messages Deleted (2009); however, both films fared poorly on a critical and commercial level  Cohen nevertheless received acclaim for the above-mentioned Pick Me Up, which he directed for the Mick Garris TV series Masters of Horror (2006)  The episode was written by splatterpunk-horror author David Schow, and starred Cohen regular Michael Moriarty 

In 2003, Cohen, together with production partner Martin Poll, was at the center of a lawsuit against 20th Century Fox, claiming the company had intentionally plagiarized a script of theirs titled Cast of Characters in order to create the Sean Connery-starring League of Extraordinary Gentlemen in 2003  According to the BBC, the lawsuit alleged 'that Mr  Cohen and Mr  Poll pitched the idea to Fox several times between 1993 and 1996, under the name Cast of Characters ' The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen was an adaptation of the 1999 published comic book series by Alan Moore and artist Kevin O'Neill In 2006, Cohen was included in the Masters of Horror TV anthology, which also included – but was not limited to – writers and directors as diverse as Dario Argento, Clive Barker, John Carpenter, Richard Chizmar, Don Coscarelli, Wes Craven, David Cronenberg, Joe Dante, Guillermo del Toro, Ernest Dickerson, Stuart Gordon, James Gunn, Sam Hamm, Tom Holland, Tobe Hooper, Lloyd Kaufman, Mary Lambert, John Landis, Joe R  Lansdale, Bentley Little, H P  Lovecraft, Joe Lynch, William Lustig, Peter Medak, Lucky McKee, Kat O' Shea, Robert Rodriguez, Eli Roth, David Schow, and Tim Sullivan  It was created by Mick Garris for the Showtime cable network  Cohen's contribution was the segment Pick Me Up, based on a short story by David Schow, who also wrote the teleplay  It stars Fairuza Balk and Cohen regulars Laurene Landon and Michael Moriarty  Pick Me Up is the story of woman traveling on a bus that has broken down along a stretch of lonely two-lane blacktop  Enter two serial killers: Wheeler (Moriarty), a driver who picks up hitchhikers with the sole intent of killing them – and – Walker (Warren Kole), a hitchhiker who accepts lifts in order to find his victims  The two killers pair up and inventively murder all the passengers on the bus, save for Stacia (Balk), who has since gone her own way  Stacia eventually winds up in the middle of a serial killer turf war, a war over which killer will get her first  Pick Me Up signaled a brief return to the director's chair for Cohen 
Josef Rusnak remade Cohen's It's Alive in 2009  Still awaiting a score on Rotten Tomatoes, the existing reviews are also very poor  Even Cohen admitted that the remake was dreadful and states: 'It's a terrible picture  It's just beyond awful'  Cohen offered his 1974 script but remarks that it was completely ignored: "I would advise anybody who likes my film to cross the street and avoid seeing the new enchilada "

Personal life
Cohen was married twice: to Janelle Webb, until their divorce in 1980; and then to Cynthia Costas, from 1994 until his death  He had two daughters  His sister Ronni Chasen was murdered on November 16, 2010 in a drive-by shooting in Beverly HIlls 

Death
On March 23, 2019, Cohen died from cancer at his home in Beverly Hills, California, at age 82 

Critical response
Critical response to Cohen's work has been extremely varied, with reviews ranging from good to poor 

The Stuff
Cohen's science fiction horror film and satirical social commentary The Stuff (1985) garnered mixed reviews, often being compared to Jack Finney's The Body Snatchers novel and the 1958 film The Blob  It has a moderate fresh rating of 63% on Rotten Tomatoes  The Apollo Movie Guide remarks that The Stuff works on a purely visceral level, and that it further achieves a tongue-in-cheek social parody of a society that cannot help buying into the latest craze  Although Apollo praised the juxtaposition of Cohen's clever screenplay and Michael Moriarty's performance, it states that the film is not a classic  It does, however, award the film a modest Apollo Rating of 77/100  The Chicago Sun-Times, on the other hand, sees The Stuff as a widely ambitious movie that fails mainly due to distracting glitches and a lack of plausibility, specifically, "What we have here are a lot of nice touches in search of a movie " Chicago Sun-Times rating: 1 1/2 stars out of 5  Bloody Disgusting nevertheless awarded The Stuff 3 stars out of 5, pointing out both the good and the bad, "[I]t's smart, it's relevant and it has some bad acting  [It should be] enjoyed for all the wrong and some of the right reasons that it is not just a horror movie, but a very honest and important movie as well "

Q: The Winged Serpent
His fantasy horror Q a k a  Q: The Winged Serpent (1982) has a Rotten Tomatoes rating of 61%  TV Guide praise Cohen for his intelligence, creativity and originality and further comment that '[Cohen] successfully combines a film noir crime story with a good old-fashioned giant monster movie' and that 'Michael Moriarty turns in a brilliant performance as Jimmy Quinn [   ]'  Horror author and movie critic, Kim Newman, praises Cohen's plot originality and canny use of characters in Empire, pointing out the director's use of an oddball as lead – Jimmy Quinn – who would ordinarily be a secondary character or warrant solely a cameo appearance; Newman also explains how Cohen has relegated all the usual plot devices – in movies such as King Kong – to the background  Alternatively, the Chicago Reader, although viewing Cohen's monster movie as 'cheesy' and 'fun', ultimately condemns the movie as being 'curiously disengaged and sloppy'  The New York Times, following the film's opening day at the Rivoli Theater, had just 'a few words – only a very few – about Q, offering a brief neutral synopsis and a couple of quotes  Variety are more favourable, focusing on Cohen's 'wild' and 'bizarre' – albeit realistic – efforts: Q has great fun mixing realistic settings with political satire and a wild yarn'
Context 3: Passage 1:
Peter Levin
Peter Levin is an American director of film, television and theatre 

Career
Since 1967, Levin has amassed a large number of credits directing episodic television and television films  Some of his television series credits include Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, James at 15, The Paper Chase, Family, Starsky & Hutch, Lou Grant, Fame, Cagney & Lacey, Law & Order and Judging Amy Some of his television film credits include Rape and Marriage: The Rideout Case (1980), A Reason to Live (1985), Popeye Doyle (1986), A Killer Among Us (1990), Queen Sized (2008) and among other films  He directed "Heart in Hiding", written by his wife Audrey Davis Levin, for which she received an Emmy for Best Day Time Special in the 1970s 
Prior to becoming a director, Levin worked as an actor in several Broadway productions  He costarred with Susan Strasberg in "[The Diary of Ann Frank]" but had to leave the production when he was drafted into the Army  He trained at the Carnegie Mellon University  Eventually becoming a theatre director, he directed productions at the Long Wharf Theatre and the Pacific Resident Theatre Company  He also co-founded the off-off-Broadway Theatre [the Hardware Poets Playhouse] with his wife Audrey Davis Levin and was also an associate artist of The Interact Theatre Company 
Passage 2:
Dana Blankstein
Dana Blankstein-Cohen (born March 3, 1981) is the executive director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School  She was appointed by the board of directors  in November 2019   Previously she was the CEO of the Israeli Academy of Film and Television  She is a film director, and an Israeli culture entrepreneur 

Biography
Dana Blankstein was born in Switzerland in 1981 to theatre director Dedi Baron and Professor Alexander Blankstein  She moved to Israel in 1983 and grew up in Tel Aviv 
Blankstein graduated from the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School, Jerusalem in 2008 with high honors  During her studies she worked as a personal assistant to directors Savi Gabizon on his film Nina's Tragedies and to Renen Schorr on his film The Loners   She also directed and shot 'the making of' film on Gavison's film Lost and Found  Her debut film Camping competed at the Berlin International Film Festival, 2007 

Film and academic career
After her studies, Dana founded and directed the film and television department at the Kfar Saba municipality  The department encouraged and promoted productions filmed in the city of Kfar Saba, as well as the established cultural projects, and educational community activities 
Blankstein directed the mini-series "Tel Aviviot" (2012)  From 2016-2019 was the director of the Israeli Academy of Film and Television 
In November 2019 Dana Blankstein Cohen was appointed the new director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School where she also oversees the Sam Spiegel International Film Lab  In 2022, she spearheaded the launch of the new Series Lab and the film preparatory program for Arabic speakers in east Jerusalem 

Filmography
Tel Aviviot (mini-series; director, 2012)
Growing Pains (graduation film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2008)
Camping (debut film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2006)
Passage 3:
Lamman Rucker
Lamman Rucker  (born October 6, 1971) is an American actor  Rucker began his career on the daytime soap operas As the World Turns and All My Children, before roles in The Temptations, Tyler Perry's films Why Did I Get Married?, Why Did I Get Married Too?, and Meet the Browns, and its television adaptation  In 2016, he began starring as Jacob Greenleaf in the Oprah Winfrey Network drama series, Greenleaf  Rucker is married to Kelly Davis Rucker, a graduate of Hampton University  As of 2022, he stars in BET+ drama The Black Hamptons 

Early life
Rucker was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the son of Malaya (née Ray) and Eric Rucker  He has partial ancestry from Barbados  Rucker spent his formative years in the greater Washington, DC, Maryland area  He first had an interest in acting after he was placed in many child pageants   His first acting role was as Martin Luther King in the 4th grade  He was in the drama club in 7th grade and then attended high school at the Duke Ellington School of the Arts in Washington, D C  Rucker studied at Carnegie-Mellon University and Duquesne University On August 29, 2019, he shared personal life experiences that he credits for his success with the Hampton University football team 

Career
His major role came in 2002 when he assumed the role of attorney T  Marshall Travers on the CBS daytime soap opera As the World Turns opposite Tamara Tunie  He left the series the following year and portrayed Garret Williams on ABC soap opera All My Children in 2005  He also had the recurring roles on the UPN sitcoms All of Us and Half & Half 
Rucker is best known for his roles in the Tyler Perry's films  He co-starred in Why Did I Get Married? (2007) and  Why Did I Get Married Too? (2010)  He played Will Brown in 2008 film Meet The Browns  He later had a starring role on Perry's sitcom Meet the Browns reprising his role as Will from 2009 to 2011  The following year after Meet the Browns, Rucker was cast in the male lead role opposite Anne Heche in the NBC comedy series Save Me, but left after pilot episode  He later had roles in a number of small movies and TV movies  Rucker also had regular role opposite Mena Suvari in the short-lived WE tv drama series, South of Hell In 2015, Rucker was cast as one of leads in the Oprah Winfrey Network drama series, Greenleaf  He plays Jacob Greenleaf, the eldest son of Lynn Whitfield' and Keith David's characters 

Filmography
Film
Television
Award nominations
Passage 4:
Ian Barry (director)
Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV 

Select credits
Waiting for Lucas (1973) (short)
Stone (1974) (editor only)
The Chain Reaction (1980)
Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)
Minnamurra (1989)
Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)
Ring of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)
Crimebroker (1993)
Inferno (1998) (TV movie)
Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)
Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)
The Doctor Blake Mysteries (2013)
Passage 5:
Olav Aaraas
Olav Aaraas (born 10 July 1950) is a Norwegian historian and museum director 
He was born in Fredrikstad  From 1982 to 1993 he was the director of Sogn Folk Museum, from 1993 to 2010 he was the director of Maihaugen and from 2001 he has been the director of the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History  In 2010 he was decorated with the Royal Norwegian Order of St  Olav 
Passage 6:
Richard T  Jones
Richard Timothy Jones (born January 16, 1972) is an American actor  He has worked extensively in both film and television productions since the early 1990s  His television roles include Ally McBeal (1997), Judging Amy (1998–2005), CSI: Miami (2006), Girlfriends (2007), Grey's Anatomy (2010), Hawaii Five-0 (2011–2014), Narcos (2015), and Criminal Minds (2017)  Since 2018, he has played Police Sergeant Wade Grey on the ABC police drama The Rookie His film roles include portrayals of Lamont Carr in Disney's Full Court Miracle (2003), Laveinio "Slim" Hightower in Rick Famuyiwa's coming-of-age film The Wood (1999), Mike in Tyler Perry's dramatic films Why Did I Get Married? (2007) and Why Did I Get Married Too? (2010), and Captain Russell Hampton in the Hollywood blockbuster Godzilla (2014) 

Early life
Jones was born in Kobe, Japan, to American parents and grew up in Carson, California  He is the son of Lorene, a computer analyst, and Clarence Jones, a professional baseball player who at the time of Jones' birth was playing for the Nankai Hawks in Osaka  He has an older brother, Clarence Jones Jr , who works as a high school basketball coach  They would return to North America after Clarence's retirement following the 1978 season  His parents later divorced  Jones attended Bishop Montgomery High School in Torrance, California, then graduated from Tuskegee University 

Career
Since the early 1990s, Jones has worked in both film and television productions His first television role was in a 1993 episode of the series California Dreams  That same year, he appeared as Ike Turner, Jr  in What's Love Got to Do with It  From 1999 to 2005, he starred as Bruce Calvin van Exel in the CBS legal drama series Judging Amy



ground_truth: Nathaniel Mclenaghan

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Which film has the director who was born first, Hell Up In Harlem or The Soviet Story?

The following are given passages.
Context 2:  They go on to say that the film belongs to both Moriarty and the Monster 

It's Alive
It's Alive, the first part of Cohen's horror trilogy featuring a mutated baby that kills its prey when trapped or frightened, holds a rating of 67% on Rotten Tomatoes, one of the highest ratings for his films  Focusing on the social context of the film at the time, The Film Journal points out that It's Alive "carries a potent mix of both suspense and social critique [   ] [i]nvoking such taboo subjects as abortion as early as 1974 " As well as being apt at providing 'suspense,' The Film Journal acknowledges Cohen's ability "to impart an intelligent nature to his otherwise pulpy horror films " Black Hole magazine opines that despite a lack of A-List actors and special effects, It's Alive still manages to maintain the viewer's interest due to Cohen's "unique horror concept and a script rich in ideas " Black Hole nevertheless points out that "[w]hile the drama is consistent, it's less successful as a seventies monster movie, and especially lacking now " Whereas Jaws (1975) revealed the shark slowly, Cohen's film "barely ever shows us the goods " The magazine does agree, however, that It's Alive was "a sufficiently powerful monster movie and [that] audiences wanted more " Filmcritic draws attention to the humour element, especially the scenes where the Baby-Monster is rustling in the bushes, unseen, comparing it to the scene in Basket Case (1982) when that film's Baby-Monster is stuffed into a garbage sack after being cut away from its human twin  Basket Case is indeed a part of another – later – Baby-Monster horror trilogy  In short, Filmcritic says that Cohen's film should not be confused with art; and yet, it is "pretty scary stuff" that "manages a few neat tricks "

God Told Me To
God Told Me To a k a  Demon (1976), Cohen's science fiction thriller, has a rating of 75% on Rotten Tomatoes, making it Cohen's most successful directorial effort, critically  The film, in which a number of New York citizens embark on a killing spree because God Told Them To, is called "one of his most ambitious movies" that is "cemented in an interesting idea" by QNetwork Entertainment, who find Cohen's ideology of the existence of God interesting: "cynical at best" and "sacrilegious at worst " The magazine continues, however, to comment on Cohen's lack of patience and drive when completing his movies, regarding the end products as being "hastily thrown-together" and "a mosaic of scenes, rather than a satisfying whole " In conclusion QNetwork give the film an even 2 1/2 stars for being the "clumsiest and most entertaining schlock of the last 20 years " CinePassion online magazine simply states: "[a] work of genius, in other words, possibly the Cohen joint that brims with the most all-pervasive invention and danger, as radical a Seventies 'incoherent text' as Taxi Driver and a clear linchpin of The X-Files " The Chicago Sun-Times sees Cohen's incoherent text in a different light, likening the film to a cinematic version of the card game 52 Pickup: "the movie does achieve greatness in another way: this is the most confused feature-length film [   ] ever seen " But Time Out applauded Cohen for offering "the perfect existential anti-hero" in New York cop, Lo Bianco, in a film that "overflows with such perverse and subversive notions that no amount of shoddy editing and substandard camerawork can conceal [its] unusual qualities" and that by "[d]igging deep into the psyche of American manhood, it lays bare the guilt-ridden oppressions of a soulless society "

Filmography
Film
Acting roles
Television
TV movies

TV series

Notes
Passage 4:
Hassan Zee
Hassan "Doctor" Zee is a Pakistani-American film director who was born in Chakwal, Pakistan 

Early life
Doctor Zee grew up in Chakwal, a small village in Punjab, Pakistan  as one of seven brothers and sisters  His father was in the military and this fact required the family to move often to different cities  As a child Zee was forbidden from watching cinema because his father believed movies were a bad influence on children 
At age 13, Doctor Zee got his start in the world of entertainment at Radio Pakistan where he wrote and produced radio dramas and musical programs   It was then that he realized his passion for storytelling At the age of 26, Doctor Zee earned his medical doctorate degree and did his residency in a burn unit at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences  He cared for women who were victims of  "Bride Burning," the archaic practice used as a form of punishment against women who fail to provide sufficient dowry to their in-laws after marriage or fail to provide offspring   He also witnessed how his country’s transgender and intersex people, called “hijras”, were banned from having jobs and forced to beg to survive  These experiences inspired Doctor Zee to tackle the issues of women’s empowerment and gender inequality in his films In 1999, he came to San Francisco to pursue his dream of filmmaking and made San Francisco his home

Education
He received his early education from Jinnah Public School, Chakwal  He got his medical doctor degree at Rawalpindi Medical College, Pakistan 

Film career
Doctor Zee's first film titled Night of Henna was released in 2005  The theme of the film dealt with "the conflict between Old World immigrant customs and modern Western ways   " Night of Henna focused on the problems of Pakistani expatriates who found it hard to adjust in American culture  Many often landed themselves in trouble when it came to marrying off their children 
His second film Bicycle Bride came out in 2010, which was about "the clash between the bonds of family and the weight of tradition " His third film House of Temptation that came out in 2014 was about a family which struggles against the temptations of the Devil  His fourth film “Good Morning Pakistan”, concerned a young American’s journey back to Pakistan where he confronts the contradictory nature of a beautiful and ancient culture that's marred by economic, educational and gender inequality His upcoming fifth film, "Ghost in San Francisco" is a supernatural thriller starring Felissa Rose, Dave Sheridan, and Kyle Lowder where a soldier comes home from Afghanistan to discover that his wife is having an affair with his best friend  While battling with his inner ghosts and demons, he meets a mysterious woman in San Francisco who promises him a ritual for his cure 
Passage 5:
Hartley Lobban
Hartley W Lobban (9 May 1926 – 15 October 2004) was a Jamaican-born first-class cricketer who played 17 matches for Worcestershire in the early 1950s 

Life and career
Lobban played little cricket in Jamaica  He went to England at the end of World War II as a member of the Royal Air Force, and settled in Kidderminster in Worcestershire in 1947, where he worked as a civilian lorry driver for the RAF  He began playing for Kidderminster Cricket Club in the Birmingham League, and at the start of the 1952 season, opening the bowling for the club's senior team, he had figures of 7 for 9 and 7 for 37 Worcestershire invited him to play for them, and he made his first-class debut against Sussex in July 1952  He took five wickets in the match (his maiden victim being Ken Suttle) and then held on for 4 not out with Peter Richardson (20 not out) to add the 12 runs needed for a one-wicket victory after his county had collapsed from 192 for 2 to 238 for 9  A week later he claimed four wickets against Warwickshire, then a few days later still he managed 6 for 52 (five of his victims bowled) in what was otherwise a disastrous innings defeat to Derbyshire  In the last match of the season he took a career-best 6 for 51 against Glamorgan; he and Reg Perks (4 for 59) bowled unchanged throughout the first innings  Worcestershire won the game and Lobban finished the season with 23 wickets at 23 69 He took 23 wickets again in 1953, but at a considerably worse average of 34 43, and had only two really successful games: against Oxford University in June, when he took 5 for 70, and then against Sussex in July  On this occasion Lobban claimed eight wickets, his most in a match, including 6 for 103 in the first innings  He also made his highest score with the bat, 18, but Sussex won by five wickets In 1954 Lobban made only two first-class appearances, and managed only the single wicket of Gloucestershire tail-ender Bomber Wells  In his final game, against Warwickshire at Dudley, his nine first-innings overs cost 51  He bowled just two overs in the second innings as Warwickshire completed an easy ten-wicket win  Lobban played one more Second XI game, against Glamorgan II at Cardiff Arms Park; in this he picked up five wickets 
He was also a professional boxer and played rugby union for Kidderminster He later moved to Canada, where he worked as a teacher in Burnaby, British Columbia  He and his wife Celia had a son and two daughters 
Passage 6:
Edvīns Šnore
Edvīns Šnore (born 21 March 1974, in Saulkrasti) is a Latvian film director and politician  He was elected to a four-year term in the Latvian Saeima in 2014 and 2018 Šnore's family comes from Kuldīga  He went to high school in Riga  During the Revolutions of 1989 he sympathized with the Popular Front of Latvia  He first studied political science in Norway, and then earned his master's degree at the University of Latvia  In 2013 he completed his  Doctoral thesis on the Western European view of Holodomor Šnore has become known for his 2008 documentary The Soviet Story  For this film, he was awarded with the Latvian Order of the Three Stars in 2008, and the Estonian Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana in 2009  In 2016 Šnore released another documentary called The Unknown War: Baltic Resistance on the guerrilla war in the Baltic states 

Views
In his article "The goal: A Latvian Latvia", E  Šnore expressed his views about the Russians in Latvia, as well as the Russian language as such  According to him, "… the Russophone immigrants of the Soviet times disparage and rail at Latvia all the time, yet still do not leave it  At least, not at the rate desired by the Latvians"  He also refers to Minister of Social Affairs of Latvia Alfreds Bērziņš saying "… the Russian louse, once let into a coat, is hard to get rid of" and Paul A  Goble that "…the Russian language is exactly the primary weapon of the Kremlin's hybrid war against the Baltic States"  E  Šnore concludes that "… the Latvian Latvia <…> is the only way towards a prosperous, safe and united Latvia" 
Mr Šnore was reprimanded by the parliamentary ethics commission - with the mildest possible punishment, an oral warning  The article and the mild reaction to it have drawn criticism from two Council of Europe bodies - the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance and the Advisory Committee on the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities 
Passage 7:
Hell Up in Harlem
Hell Up in Harlem is a 1973 blaxploitation American neo-noir film, starring Fred Williamson and Gloria Hendry  Written and directed by Larry Cohen, it is a sequel to the film Black Caesar 
The film's soundtrack was recorded by Edwin Starr and released by Motown Records in January 1974 

Plot
Having survived the assassination attempt at the end of Black Caesar, Tommy Gibbs takes on corrupt New York District Attorney DiAngelo, who had sought to jail Gibbs and his father, Papa Gibbs, in order to monopolize the illicit drug trade  Gibbs decides to eliminate drug pushing from the streets of Harlem, while continuing to carry out his other illicit enterprises  Gibbs falls in love with Sister Jennifer (Margaret Avery), a woman who works with Reverend Rufus, a former pimp who has found a religious calling 
Gibbs and his father have a falling out after Gibbs is told by his enforcer, Zach, that his father ordered the death of Gibbs' ex-wife, Helen  Gibbs and Jennifer move to Los Angeles, leaving Papa Gibbs in charge of the Harlem territory  It is later revealed that Zach himself killed Helen as part of a move to take over the territory, with the assistance of DiAngelo  Gibbs defeats hit men sent to take him out in Los Angeles, while Papa dies from a heart attack while fighting Zach 
Knowing that DiAngelo will be having the New York airports and roads watched, Gibbs flies in to Philadelphia, and then enters New York City on foot in order to carry out a personal war against Zach and DiAngelo 

Cast
Fred Williamson as Tommy Gibbs
Julius Harris as Papa Gibbs
Gloria Hendry as Helen Bradley-Washington
Margaret Avery as Sister Jennifer
D'Urville Martin as Reverend Rufus
Tony King as Zach
Gerald Gordon as DiAngelo
Bobby Ramsen as Joe Frankfurter
James Dixon as "Irish" Bryant
Esther Sutherland as The Cook
Charles MacGuire as Charles MacGregor

Release on DVD & HD
In 2001 it was released on DVD 
In 2010 it was digitized in High Definition (1080i) and broadcast on MGMHD 

See also
List of American films of 1973
Passage 8:
Gloria Hendry
Gloria Hendry (born March 3, 1949) is an American actress and former model  Hendry is best known for her roles in films from the 1970s, most notably: portraying Rosie Carver in 1973's James Bond film Live and Let Die; and Helen Bradley in the blaxploitation film Black Caesar, and the sequel, Hell Up in Harlem 

Biography
Early life and education
Born in Jacksonville or Winter Haven, Florida (sources differ), Hendry was the older of two daughters  Hendry's family, which consisted of her mother and sister relocated to Newark, New Jersey to live with her grandparents during her early childhood  Hendry studied at Essex College of Business for Law 

Career
Hendry worked as a Playboy Bunny at the New York Playboy Club from 1965 until 1972  In 1968, Hendry received her first acting role in Sidney Poitier's film For Love of Ivy, followed by a small role in the 1970 film The Landlord  In 1973, Hendry portrayed the Bond girl Rosie Carver in the James Bond film Live and Let Die  In that film, she became the first African American woman to become romantically involved with 007; Trina Parks, who played a nemesis to Bond rather than a love interest in Diamonds Are Forever (the previous Bond film) is considered to be the first Black Bond girl Hendry later starred in several 1970s blaxploitation films, including Across 110th Street (1972), Slaughter's Big Rip-Off (1973), and both the 1973 films Black Caesar and its sequel Hell Up in Harlem  She also portrayed the martial arts expert, Sydney, in Black Belt Jones (1974), and appeared in Savage Sisters (1974) and Bare Knuckles (1977)  Her later films included the horror film Pumpkinhead II: Blood Wings (1994) and the action comedy Freaky Deaky (2012) 

Filmography
Film
Passage 9:
The Soviet Story
The Soviet Story is a 2008 documentary film about Soviet Communism and Soviet–German relations before 1941 and after, written and directed by Edvīns Šnore, and sponsored by the right-wing Union for Europe of the Nations group in the European Parliament  The film features interviews with Western and Russian historians such as Norman Davies and Boris Vadimovich Sokolov, the Russian writer Viktor Suvorov, the Soviet dissident Vladimir Bukovsky, members of the European Parliament, and participants and survivors of the Soviet terror  Sokolov later emphasized that he simply offered expert advice and told Šnore that some of the things he claimed were based on obvious falsifications Using those interviews, together with historical footage and documents, the film documentary argues that there were close philosophical, political and organisational connections between the Nazi and the Soviet systems  It highlights the Great Purge, the Holodomor, the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, the Katyn massacre, the Gestapo–NKVD collaboration, forced population transfer in the Soviet Union, and the medical experiments in the gulags  The documentary goes on to argue that the successor states to Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union differ in the sense that postwar Germany condemns the actions of Nazi Germany, but the opinion in contemporary Russia is summarised by a quote from Vladimir Putin: "One needs to acknowledge that the collapse of the Soviet Union was the greatest geopolitical catastrophe of the century " In the closing credits of the film, it is stated: "The Soviet Union killed more than 20,000,000 men, women and children  This film is dedicated to them "

Analysis and memory
The documentary film, commissioned by the national-conservative and right-wing Union for Europe of the Nations group in the European Parliament, compared the atrocities of the two regimes  In the documentary, producer and director Edvīns Šnore argued that "not only were the crimes of the former inspired by the crimes of the latter, but that they helped each other, and that without their mutual assistance the outcome of World War II could have been quite different " In Latvia the forced Soviet deportations are commonly seen as a genocidal practice  The European Day of Remembrance for Victims of Stalinism and Nazism, proclaimed by the European Parliament in August 2008 and endorsed by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe in July 2009; it is officially known as the Black Ribbon Day in some countries, including Canada  Among many scholars in Western Europe, the comparison of the two totalitarian regimes and the equation of their crimes has been and still is widely rejected According to Mārtiņš Kaprāns, a communication science expert and researcher at the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia, "[s]cholars have argued that The Soviet Story is an effective Latvian response to Russian propaganda, but it also exemplifies the broader problems of post-communist memory politics " Kaprāns writes that "the idea of how memory work triggered by the documentary got started on social networking sites" and on "the video-sharing website YouTube and the Internet encyclopedia Wikipedia, both of which are crucial meaning-making sites with respect to history " According to Kaprāns, his memory studies article "demonstrates transnational memory work in YouTube and Wikipedia as a multidirectional enterprise that both reinforces and emancipates existing hegemonic representations of controversial past "

Reactions
Positive
Various Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) who were interviewed for the film have expressed views in favour of it  According to the Latvian MEPs Inese Vaidere and Ģirts Valdis Kristovskis, writing in The Parliament Magazine, "The Soviet Story makes a significant contribution to the establishment of a common understanding of history and brings us closer to the truth about the tragic events of the 20th century  A common understanding of history among the member states is crucial for the future of the whole EU " Both Vaidere and Kristovskis represent the Union for Europe of the Nations group which actively supported the production of the film After watching the film, Finnish MEP Ari Vatanen opined: "It is a powerful message  Thank you for telling the truth  It will awaken people " After the premiere in the European parliament, Vatanen stated: "We cannot build a humanity if we close our eyes to this kind of massacres  Our possibility is to serve justice to those people " British MEP Christopher Beazley commented: "This film is very important  It's a very powerful representation of what took place in Poland, in Latvia and the other Central European countries "Vytautas Landsbergis, MEP and the former head of the Seimas, assessed The Soviet Story as "a world class film, which should be shown to the world", while Latvia's Minister of Justice Gaidis Bērziņš from For Fatherland and Freedom/LNNK stated that he would encourage the Ministry of Education to have the film shown in all schools in Latvia because of its important historical message 

Negative
A number of critics condemned the film even before its premiere  Boris Tsilevitch, a Latvian member of the Saeima representing Harmony Centre, stated that it was a "typical propaganda" and its release was timed to coincide with the 2009 European Parliament election in Latvia  MEP from Latvia Tatjana Ždanoka, who opposed Latvia's independence from the Soviet Union and ran as a candidate of the largest Russian political bloc in Latvia, regards the film as a "propagandistic odd job, which is given out to be "a new word in history", while also expressing her belief that "the second part of the film is pure political PR" because the first part of the film pictures the point of view of some historians and contemporary politicians criticize modern Russia in the end of the film  Ždanoka also stated that "a lot of attention was devoted to the partnership of the German and Russian military  This is followed by a jump forward in time to the 1940s, with a mass-meeting of Vlasovites is shown against a background of swastika "The film prompted negative reactions from Russian organizations, press, and politicians  According to the "European Voice" newspaper, Russians are infuriated by the film which reveals the extent of Nazi and Soviet collaboration  On 17 May 2008, the Russian pro-governmental youth organization Young Russia (Russian: Россия Молодая) organized the protest "Let's not allow the rewriting of history!" (Russian: Не дадим переписать историю!, romanized: Ne dadim perepisat' istoriyu!) in front of the Embassy of Latvia in Moscow  An effigy representing Edvīns Šnore was burnt during the protest  Alexander Reshideovich Dyukov, a former member of the Russian ARMS-TASS Agency of Military and Technical Information, has been the most vocal critic of the documentary  He was quoted as saying: "After watching two thirds of the film, I had only one wish: to kill its director and to burn down the Latvian Embassy " As a result of Dyukov's statements, a criminal investigation was initiated against him in Latvia  Asked to comment on the case, Latvian Foreign Minister Māris Riekstiņš commented that Dyukov might be a "mentally unstable personality", while Prime Minister of Estonia Mart Laar called Dyukov "an officer of FSB", Russia's principal security agency Russian State Duma Deputy Irina Yarovaya, the coordinator of the ruling party United Russia's State Patriotic Club and a member of the Presidium of the General Council, declared that the film "glorifies Estonian Nazi collaborators, those who killed people in Khatyn and in Pskov region " In response to Yarovaya's statement which apparently confuses Katyn with Khatyn, Estonian politician and historian Mart Laar wrote: "It is indeed impressive how much wrong can be put into one sentence  First, Estonians did not kill anyone in Khatyn and, secondly, the specific crime committed in Khatyn is not mentioned in the film at all      This gives the impression that Yarovaya, actually, has not seen the film "

Reception
The film has attracted both praise and criticism from political commentators  The Economist praised it as "a sharply provocative work", and stated that "Soviet Story is the most powerful antidote yet to the sanitisation of the past  The film is gripping, audacious and uncompromising      The main aim of the film is to show the close connections—philosophical, political and organisational—between the Nazi and Soviet systems " For The New York Times, Neil Genzlinger wrote: "The filmmaking in The Soviet Story is so overwrought that at times the movie comes across as comical      The film is not dispassionate scholarship; Mr  Snore, who is Latvian, and his backers (including some members of the European Parliament) obviously have an agenda, though to the casual American viewer it may not be clear what it is "Latvian political scientist and cultural commentator Ivars Ijabs offered a negative review of The Soviet Story, describing it as a well-made and "effective piece of cinematic propaganda in the good sense of this word", whose message is clearly presented to the audience  Ijabs does not agree with a number of historical interpretations in the film, asserting that it contains errors  In one example, Ijabs states: "In late 1930s Hitler did not yet plan a systematic genocide against the Jews [as it is suggested in the film]  Everybody knows that this decision was made in 1942 at the Wannsee Conference in Berlin " Ijabs also disagreed with the contention in the film by the British literary historian, liberal, and former political activist George Watson that Friedrich Engels is "the ancestor of the modern political genocide " Further,  Ijabs refuted the film’s criticism of Karl Marx as being the 'progenitor of modern genocide', although he acknowledged the use of the term Völkerabfälle in Karl Marx's newspaper Boris Vadimovich Sokolov, one of the historians interviewed in the film, was quoted as saying: "I had only been an expert there and I can only answer for what I am saying there myself  I had told to Šnore that some of his narratives are obvious forgeries he was tricked by  For example, Beria—Müller agreement on killing Jews together "In Lauren Wissot's review for Slant Magazine, "Soviet Story does a thorough job of laying out what happened, but its dull, educational-style format doesn't guide us to the next step of why we should care " In his Time Out review, Joshua Rothkopf stated: "An offensively schlocky treatment of an important subject, The Soviet Story turns Stalin's systematic starvation and slaughter of millions into a hopped-up horror flick "

Film festivals and awards
The Soviet Story has been screened in the following film festivals:

2008 Boston Film Festival – Boston, Massachusetts; received the "Mass Impact Award"
2008 KinoLev Film Festival – Lviv, Ukraine
2008 Black Nights Film Festival – Tallinn, Estonia
2008 Arsenals Film Festival – Riga, Latvia
2008 Promitey Film Festival – Tbilisi, Georgia
2008 Baltic Film Festival – Berlin, Germany
2009 Sedona International Film Festival – Sedona, Arizona
2009 Mene Tekel festival – Prague, Czech Republic
2009 Politicsonfilm Film Festival – Washington, D C 
2011 Free Minds Film Festival – Colorado Springs, Colorado
2012 Free Minds Film Festival – Colorado Springs, ColoradoIn 2008, the president of Latvia, Valdis Zatlers awarded the director Edvīns Šnore with the Order of the Three Stars  In 2009, the film was nominated for the biannual Latvian National Film Award Lielais Kristaps in the "Best Documentary" category  In the same year, Šnore received the Estonian Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana for creating The Soviet Story 

See also
Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism

Notes
Passage 10:
Henry Moore (cricketer)
Henry Walter Moore (1849 – 20 August 1916) was an English-born first-class cricketer who spent most of his life in New Zealand 

Life and family
Henry Moore was born in Cranbrook, Kent, in 1849  He was the son of the Reverend Edward Moore and Lady Harriet Janet Sarah Montagu-Scott, who was one of the daughters of the 4th Duke of Buccleuch  One of his brothers, Arthur, became an admiral and was knighted  Their great 
grandfather was John Moore, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1783 to 1805  One of their sisters was a maid of honour to Queen Victoria Moore went to New Zealand in the 1870s and lived in Geraldine and Christchurch  He married Henrietta Lysaght of Hāwera in November 1879, and they had one son  In May 1884 she died a few days after giving birth to a daughter, who also died In 1886 Moore became a Justice of the Peace in Geraldine  In 1897 he married Alice Fish of Geraldine  They moved to England four years before his death in 1916 

Cricket career
Moore was a right-handed middle-order batsman  In consecutive seasons, 1876–77 and 1877–78, playing for Canterbury, he made the highest score in the short New Zealand first-class season: 76 and 75 respectively  His 76 came in his first match for Canterbury, against Otago  He went to the wicket early on the first day with the score at 7 for 2 and put on 99 for the third wicket with Charles Corfe before he was out with the score at 106 for 3 after a "very fine exhibition of free hitting, combined with good defence"  Canterbury were all out for 133, but went on to win the match  His 75 came in the next season's match against Otago, when he took the score from 22 for 2 to 136 for 6  The New Zealand cricket historian Tom Reese said, "Right from the beginning he smote the bowling hip and thigh, going out of his ground to indulge in some forceful driving " Canterbury won again Moore led the batting averages in the Canterbury Cricket Association in 1877–78 with 379 runs at an average of 34 4  Also in 1877–78, he was a member of the Canterbury team that inflicted the only defeat on the touring Australians  In 1896–97, at the age of 47, he top-scored in each innings for a South Canterbury XVIII against the touring Queensland cricket team 
Context 3: Over the next two decades, Jones starred or guest-starred in high-profile television series such as Ally McBeal (1997), CSI: Miami (2006), Girlfriends (2007), Grey's Anatomy (2010), Hawaii Five-0 (2011–2014), Narcos (2015), and Criminal Minds (2017) His film roles include portrayals of Lamont Carr in the Disney film Full Court Miracle (2003), Laveinio "Slim" Hightower in Rick Famuyiwa's coming-of-age film The Wood (1999), and Mike in Tyler Perry's dramatic films Why Did I Get Married? (2007) and Why Did I Get Married Too? (2010), and Captain Russell Hampton in the Hollywood blockbuster Godzilla (2014) From 2017 to 2018, Jones played Detective Tommy Cavanaugh in the CBS drama series Wisdom of the Crowd Since February 2018, Jones has played the role of Sergeant Wade Gray in the ABC police procedural drama series The Rookie with Nathan Fillion 

Personal life
Joshua Media Ministries claims that its leader, David E  Taylor, mentors Jones in ministry, and that Jones has donated $1 million to its efforts 

Filmography
Film
Television
Passage 7:
I Will, I Will    for Now
I Will, I Will    for Now is a 1976 American romantic-comedy film directed by Norman Panama  It stars Elliott Gould and Diane Keaton It was Panama's last feature as director 

Plot
The marriage of Les and Katie Bingham is in big trouble  They've already split up once, and now they're giving it one more try, but the bedroom of their New York apartment is not a happy place  Les finds her too cold  Katie finds him too fast 
The Binghams weigh the opinions of lawyer Lou, who also has a romantic interest in Katie  There's also temptation for Les in the form of sexy neighbor Jackie, who gives him a copy of "The Joy of Sex" as a gift  But as soon as he tries out one of the positions in it, Les throws out his back 
The couple takes one last desperate try to revive their passion and save their relationship  They travel to California to join a sex-therapy group, where much goes wrong, but all ends well 

Cast
Elliott Gould as Les Bingham
Diane Keaton as Katie Bingham
Paul Sorvino as Lou Springer
Victoria Principal as Jackie Martin
Robert Alda as Dr  Magnus
Warren Berlinger as Steve Martin
Candy Clark as Sally Bingham

Production
The film was based on an original script by Norman Panama and Alfred Lewin  It was made by Brut Productions the short lived film company of Faberge, headed by George Barrie  When Ross Hunter took over as president of the company in December 1973, he listed the film as among his potential projects Hunter left the company after only a few months but in December 1974 Barrie said Brut would make the film  "We think it is a very funny, new wrinkle on marriage," said Barrie  He said the film was about a separated couple who reunite at their daughter's wedding  The wedding ceremony involves reading out a clause with options for renewal or dissolution of the marriage  The couple decide to try again using this arrangement Barrie wanted Paul Newman and Glenda Jackson to star Norman Panama had made Brut's most successful film to date, A Touch of Class  "I'm hoping lightning will strike twice", said Barrie By January 1975 Elliott Gould, who had just made Whiffs for Brut, agreed to star 

Reception
Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film one star out of four and wrote, "The film moves at a leaden pace, interrupted only by its dead halts, and the actors stand around looking appalled at themselves after being forced to recite dialog like, 'I still love that hard-nosed little dumpling ' There will be worse movies this year, but probably none so stupefying " Richard Eder of The New York Times called the film "a stale 1950's poundcake of a movie" that "should make people happy that they don't make movies like that any more " Arthur D  Murphy of Variety described the film as "passable contemporary fluff " Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune gave the film two stars out of four and called it a "tired sex comedy" with humor "about as modern as a whoopee cushion " Charles Champlin of the Los Angeles Times panned the film as a "tone-deaf and grimly forced" attempt to update the screwball comedy formula, though he added that "the movie is almost worth seeing just for the pleasure of gazing upon Ms  Keaton who is beautiful, intelligent, warm, amusing and sympathetic " Gary Arnold of The Washington Post wrote, "Gould and Keaton are no negligible screen personalities or comic performers, so it's especially agonizing to see them trapped inside of an antiquated laugh-provoking machine " John Pym of The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote, "A relentless flow of innuendo, limp wisecracks and an attempted tone of sexual sophistication (buttressed by a series of ludicrously opulent sets) suggest that I Will   I Will    For Now was derived from some rejected Doris Day—Rock Hudson script of the Fifties "Gould said the film "was almost fully not realized" but had "an interesting story and idea  I wouldn’t have necessarily cast Paul Sorvino in that part, but I love Paul Sorvino, I love his family  And anytime I can work with Diane Keaton is a great bonus for me ”
Passage 8:
Jason Moore (director)
Jason Moore (born October 22, 1970) is an American director of film, theatre and television 

Life and career
Jason Moore was born in Fayetteville, Arkansas, and studied at Northwestern University  Moore's Broadway career began as a resident director of Les Misérables at the Imperial Theatre in during its original run  He is the son of Fayetteville District Judge Rudy Moore In March 2003, Moore directed the musical Avenue Q, which opened Off-Broadway at the Vineyard Theatre and then moved to Broadway at the John Golden Theatre in July 2003   He was nominated for a 2004 Tony Award for his direction  Moore also directed productions of the musical in Las Vegas and London and the show's national tour  Moore directed the 2005 Broadway revival of Steel Magnolias and Shrek the Musical, starring Brian d'Arcy James and Sutton Foster which opened on Broadway in 2008  He directed the concert of Jerry Springer — The Opera at Carnegie Hall in January 2008 Moore, Jeff Whitty, Jake Shears, and John "JJ" Garden worked together on a new musical based on Armistead Maupin's Tales of the City  The musical premiered at the American Conservatory Theater, San Francisco, California in May 2011 and ran through July 2011 For television, Moore has directed episodes of Dawson's Creek, One Tree Hill, Everwood, and Brothers & Sisters  As a writer, Moore adapted the play The Floatplane Notebooks with Paul Fitzgerald from the novel by Clyde Edgerton  A staged reading of the play was presented at the New Play Festival at the Charlotte, North Carolina Repertory Theatre in 1996, with a fully staged production in 1998 In 2012, Moore made his film directorial debut with Pitch Perfect, starring Anna Kendrick and Brittany Snow  He also served as an executive producer on the sequel  He directed the film Sisters, starring Tina Fey and Amy Poehler, which was released on December 18, 2015  Moore's next project will be directing a live action Archie movie 

Filmography
Films

Pitch Perfect (2012)
Sisters (2015)
Shotgun Wedding (2022)Television

Soundtrack writer

Pitch Perfect 2 (2015) (Also executive producer)
The Voice (2015) (1 episode)
Passage 9:
Norman Panama
Norman Kaye Panama (April 21, 1914 – January 13, 2003) was an American screenwriter, film producer and film director   He is known for his partnership with Melvin Frank and their work on films such as Mr  Blandings Builds His Dream House (1948), White Christmas (1954), and The Court Jester (1956)



ground_truth: Hell Up In Harlem

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: What is the cause of death of director of film I Will, I Will... For Now?

The following are given passages.
Context 3:  Without Frank, he directed films such as  How to Commit Marriage (1969) 

Life and career
Panama met his future collaborator Melvin Frank in 1933 when they were both at the University of Chicago  After graduating, they formed a partnership in 1935 which endured for four decades; first writing for Milton Berle before becoming writers for Bob Hope's radio show and for Groucho Marx  In 1941, they sold their first script to Paramount Pictures, My Favorite Blonde (1942), which starred Hope They worked for Paramount for five years where, among others, they wrote Road to Utopia (1946), starring Hope and Bing Crosby, for which they received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Screenplay  They moved to Columbia Pictures making It Had to Be You (1947) and The Return of October (1948) and also wrote Mr  Blandings Builds His Dream House (1948) for RKO In 1950, they signed a writing, producing and directing deal with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and made films together as co-writers, co-directors and co-producers  They started with The Reformer and the Redhead (1950) and also made Knock on Wood (1954) and The Court Jester (1956), both with Danny Kaye, with the former earning them another Academy Award nomination  They also co-wrote White Christmas (1954) with Norman Krasna  They wrote a Broadway play together in 1956, later adapted into Li'l Abner (1959), directed by Frank  They received another Academy Award nomination for The Facts of Life (1960) and also worked on  The Road to Hong Kong (1962) He won an Edgar Award for A Talent for Murder (1981), a play he co-wrote with Jerome Chodorov  Panama continued to write and direct through the 1980s  He died in 2003 in Los Angeles, California, aged 88, from complications of Parkinson's disease 

Selected filmography
Passage 10:
Brian Kennedy (gallery director)
Brian Patrick Kennedy (born 5 November 1961) is an Irish-born art museum director who has worked in Ireland and Australia, and now lives and works in the United States   He was the director of the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem for 17 months, resigning December 31, 2020  He was the director of the Toledo Museum of Art in Ohio from 2010 to 2019  He was the director of the Hood Museum of Art from 2005 to 2010, and the National Gallery of Australia (Canberra) from 1997 to 2004 

Career
Brian Kennedy currently lives and works in the United States after leaving Australia in 2005 to direct the Hood Museum of Art at Dartmouth College  In October 2010 he became the ninth Director of the Toledo Museum of Art  On 1 July 2019, he succeeded Dan Monroe as the executive director and CEO of the Peabody Essex Museum 

Early life and career in Ireland
Kennedy was born in Dublin and attended Clonkeen College  He received B A  (1982), M A  (1985) and PhD (1989) degrees from University College-Dublin, where he studied both art history and history 
He worked in the Irish Department of Education (1982), the European Commission, Brussels (1983), and in Ireland at the Chester Beatty Library (1983–85), Government Publications Office (1985–86), and Department of Finance (1986–89)  He married Mary Fiona Carlin in 1988 He was Assistant Director at the National Gallery of Ireland in Dublin from 1989 to 1997  He was Chair of the Irish Association of Art Historians from 1996 to 1997, and of the Council of Australian Art Museum Directors from 2001 to 2003  In September 1997 he became Director of the National Gallery of Australia 

National Gallery of Australia (NGA)
Kennedy expanded the traveling exhibitions and loans program throughout Australia, arranged for several major shows of Australian art abroad, increased the number of exhibitions at the museum itself and oversaw the development of an extensive multi-media site   Although he oversaw several years of the museum's highest ever annual visitation, he discontinued the emphasis of his predecessor, Betty Churcher, on showing "blockbuster" exhibitions 
During his directorship, the NGA gained government support for improving the building and significant private donations and corporate sponsorship  However, the initial design for the building proved controversial generating a public dispute with the original architect on moral rights grounds   As a result, the project was not delivered during Dr Kennedy's tenure, with a significantly altered design completed some years later   Private funding supported two acquisitions of British art, including David Hockney's A Bigger Grand Canyon in 1999, and Lucian Freud's After Cézanne in 2001  Kennedy built on the established collections at the museum by acquiring the Holmgren-Spertus collection of Indonesian textiles; the Kenneth Tyler collection of editioned prints, screens, multiples and unique proofs; and the Australian Print Workshop Archive  He was also notable for campaigning for the construction of a new "front" entrance to the Gallery, facing King Edward Terrace, which was completed in 2010 (see reference to the building project above) 
Kennedy's cancellation of the "Sensation exhibition" (scheduled at the NGA from 2 June 2000 to 13 August 2000) was controversial, and seen by some as censorship  He claimed that the decision was due to the exhibition being "too close to the market" implying that a national cultural institution cannot exhibit the private collection of a speculative art investor  However, there were other exhibitions at the NGA during his tenure, which could have raised similar concerns  The exhibition featured the privately owned Young British Artists works belonging to Charles Saatchi and attracted large attendances in London and Brooklyn  Its most controversial work was Chris Ofili's The Holy Virgin Mary, a painting which used elephant dung and was accused of being blasphemous  The then-mayor of New York, Rudolph Giuliani, campaigned against the exhibition, claiming it was "Catholic-bashing" and an "aggressive, vicious, disgusting attack on religion " In November 1999, Kennedy cancelled the exhibition and stated that the events in New York had "obscured discussion of the artistic merit of the works of art"  He has said that it "was the toughest decision of my professional life, so far "Kennedy was also repeatedly questioned on his management of a range of issues during the Australian Government's Senate Estimates process - particularly on the NGA's occupational health and safety record and concerns about the NGA's twenty-year-old air-conditioning system  The air-conditioning was finally renovated in 2003  Kennedy announced in 2002 that he would not seek extension of his contract beyond 2004, accepting a seven-year term as had his two predecessors He became a joint Irish-Australian citizen in 2003 

Toledo Museum of Art
The Toledo Museum of Art is known for its exceptional collections of European and American paintings and sculpture, glass, antiquities, artist books, Japanese prints and netsuke  The museum offers free admission and is recognized for its historical leadership in the field of art education   During his tenure, Kennedy has focused the museum's art education efforts on visual literacy, which he defines as "learning to read, understand and write visual language "   Initiatives have included baby and toddler tours, specialized training for all staff, docents, volunteers and the launch of a website, www vislit org  In November 2014, the museum hosted the International Visual Literacy Association (IVLA) conference, the first Museum to do so  Kennedy has been a frequent speaker on the topic, including 2010 and 2013 TEDx talks on visual and sensory literacy 
Kennedy has expressed an interest in expanding the museum's collection of contemporary art and art by indigenous peoples  Works by Frank Stella, Sean Scully, Jaume Plensa, Ravinder Reddy and Mary Sibande have been acquired   In addition, the museum has made major acquisitions of Old Master paintings by Frans Hals and Luca Giordano During his tenure the Toledo Museum of Art has announced the return of several objects from its collection due to claims the objects were stolen and/or illegally exported prior being sold to the museum   In 2011 a Meissen sweetmeat stand was returned to Germany followed by an Etruscan Kalpis or water jug to Italy (2013), an Indian sculpture of Ganesha (2014) and an astrological compendium to Germany in 2015 

Hood Museum of Art
Kennedy became Director of the Hood Museum of Art in July 2005  During his tenure, he implemented a series of large and small-scale exhibitions and oversaw the production of more than 20 publications to bring greater public attention to the museum's remarkable collections of the arts of America, Europe, Africa, Papua New Guinea and the Polar regions  At 70,000 objects, the Hood has one of the largest collections on any American college of university campus  The exhibition, Black Womanhood: Images, Icons, and Ideologies of the African Body, toured several US venues  Kennedy increased campus curricular use of works of art, with thousands of objects pulled from storage for classes annually  Numerous acquisitions were made with the museum's generous endowments, and he curated several exhibitions: including Wenda Gu: Forest of Stone Steles: Retranslation and Rewriting Tang Dynasty Poetry, Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, and Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons 

Publications
Kennedy has written or edited a number of books on art, including:

Alfred Chester Beatty and Ireland 1950-1968: A study in cultural politics, Glendale Press (1988), ISBN 978-0-907606-49-9
Dreams and responsibilities: The state and arts in independent Ireland, Arts Council of Ireland (1990), ISBN 978-0-906627-32-7
Jack B Yeats: Jack Butler Yeats, 1871-1957 (Lives of Irish Artists), Unipub (October 1991), ISBN 978-0-948524-24-0
The Anatomy Lesson: Art and Medicine (with Davis Coakley), National Gallery of Ireland (January 1992), ISBN 978-0-903162-65-4
Ireland: Art into History (with Raymond Gillespie), Roberts Rinehart Publishers (1994), ISBN 978-1-57098-005-3
Irish Painting, Roberts Rinehart Publishers (November 1997),  ISBN 978-1-86059-059-7
Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, Hood Museum of Art (October 2008), ISBN 978-0-944722-34-3
Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons, 1965-1966, Hood Museum of Art (October 2010), ISBN 978-0-944722-39-8

Honors and achievements
Kennedy was awarded the Australian Centenary Medal in 2001 for service to Australian Society and its art  He is a trustee and treasurer of the Association of Art Museum Directors, a peer reviewer for the American Association of Museums and a member of the International Association of Art Critics  In 2013 he was appointed inaugural eminent professor at the University of Toledo and received an honorary doctorate from Lourdes University  Most recently, Kennedy received the 2014 Northwest Region, Ohio Art Education Association award for distinguished educator for art education 


== Notes ==



ground_truth: Parkinson