prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: What is the cause of death of Constantia Eriksdotter's father?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Michael Jai White
Michael Jai White (born November 10, 1964) is an American actor, director and martial artist  He was the first African American to portray a major comic book superhero in a major motion picture, starring as Al Simmons, the protagonist in the 1997 film Spawn  White appeared as Marcus Williams in the Tyler Perry films Why Did I Get Married? and Why Did I Get Married Too?, and starred as the character on the TBS/OWN comedy-drama television series Tyler Perry's For Better or Worse  White portrayed Jax Briggs in Mortal Kombat: Legacy and the Cyborg Seth in Universal Soldier: The Return  He portrayed boxer Mike Tyson in the 1995 HBO television film Tyson  He also played the title role in the blaxploitation parody film Black Dynamite, as well as the animated series of the same name 

Early life
White is a martial artist in nine different styles: Shōtōkan, Goju-Ryu (for which he studied under Master Eddie Morales where he learned to sharpen his Goju karate technique), Taekwondo, Kobudō, Tang Soo Do, Wushu, Jujutsu, Kyokushin and Boxing, with a specific focus in Kyokushin Karate (although his style incorporates aspects of many different martial arts forms)  White started training in the martial arts at the age of four in Jujutsu  He next took up Shōtōkan and moved on to other styles later  White holds seven legitimate black belts in Kyokushin Karate, Goju-Ryu Karate, Shotokan Karate, Taekwondo, Tang Soo Do, Kobudo, and Wushu 
White is a former special education teacher and taught students with behavioral problems for three years  He cites his history in education as the reason why, despite his personal love for the music genre on "a lot of levels", he cannot "in good [conscience]" have a positive opinion on hip hop or "excuse some of [its] pervasive and destructive elements", mainly due to his experience with youngsters who had difficulty seeing the difference between it and real life 

Acting career
White's first major starring role and breakout performance was in the 1995 HBO film Tyson, as heavyweight boxer Mike Tyson  He portrayed the eponymous character in the 1997 film Spawn, making him the first African American to portray a major comic book superhero in a major motion picture   His work in Spawn earned him a nomination for the Blockbuster Entertainment Award  White starred opposite Jean-Claude Van Damme in Universal Soldier: The Return, in 1999  A few years earlier, he acted in Full Contact, with Jerry Trimble  In 2001, he also starred opposite fellow martial artist Steven Seagal in Exit Wounds  In 2003, he starred in Busta Rhymes and Mariah Carey's music video "I Know What You Want"  Since 2003, in addition to his on screen roles, White has been doing voice work, including in Static Shock and Justice League   White showcases his martial arts skills in the direct-to-DVD film Undisputed II: Last Man Standing  He also appears in Michelle Yeoh's Silver Hawk in 2004  He appeared in Kill Bill: Volume 2, although his role was cut from the theatrical release  His film Why Did I Get Married? opened at number one at the box office on October 12, 2007 
White played the role of the mob boss Gambol in the 2008 film The Dark Knight  He also starred in the film Blood and Bone and the blaxploitation homage Black Dynamite, both released in 2009  White wrote the scripts for both Black Dynamite and his upcoming 3 Bullets in which he stars with Bokeem Woodbine 
On March 30, 2010, White appeared on The Mo'Nique Show to promote his film Why Did I Get Married Too  The two joked about the acclaim that comes with winning an Oscar  In May of that year he appeared in the music video for Toni Braxton's new song "Hands Tied" from her album Pulse, as well as the Nicki Minaj music video for "Your Love" as Nicki's sensei and love interest 
He also starred in Kevin Tancharoen's short film Mortal Kombat: Rebirth, as Jax Briggs, and reprised the role in Mortal Kombat: Legacy, a webseries from the same director  He posted on Twitter that he would not be returning to the role for the second season, but would return for the 2013 film 
White made his directorial debut and starred in Never Back Down 2: The Beatdown, which was released on home video on September 13, 2011 White also provided the voice of Green Lantern in the video game Justice League Heroes In October 2019, White announced the spiritual successor to Black Dynamite titled The Outlaw Johnny Black officially entered pre-production  Despite the Indiegogo campaign not reaching its goal, he was still able to secure enough backers and additional donors to get the project off the ground  It is currently available for pre-order on the official website, although a release date has not been announced or confirmed 
In October 2020, White's latest film Welcome to Sudden Death debuted on Netflix and became one of the most watched films on the platform  The Universal Pictures Home Entertainment release is a remake of the 1995 film Sudden Death starring Jean-Claude Van Damme 
On July 12, 2021, White laid out a vision for starting a film studio in New Haven, CT called "Jaigantic Studios"  He wants to create a studio district on New Haven's Quinnipiac River waterfront 

Personal life
From 2005 to 2011, White was married to Courtenay Chatman and together they have a daughter named Morgan  In addition, White has two sons  In February 2014, White announced his engagement to actress Gillian Iliana Waters  In April 2015, White penned an open letter via Facebook entitled "Apologies to My Ex's", where he credited Waters for helping him become, "the very best version of myself "  In July 2015, White married Waters in Thailand  They appeared together in the martial arts thriller movie Take Back (2021), with Gillian White starring as the female lead In 2014, White was honored with the Fists of Legends Decade Award at the Urban Action Showcase & Expo at HBO  On November 8, 2019, he assumed the "Mantle of The Black Dragon" from Ron van Clief, Don "The Dragon" Wilson, Cynthia Rothrock, and Taimak, in a ceremony at the 2019 Urban Action Showcase & Expo at AMC 25, NYC 

Filmography
Film
Television
Stunts
Video games
Web series
Music videos
Notes
Passage 2:
Sharon Leal
Sharon Ann Leal is an American actress and singer  She is known for her roles in movies such as Dreamgirls (2006), This Christmas (2007), Why Did I Get Married? (2007), Why Did I Get Married Too? (2010) and her roles on the television shows Legacy, Guiding Light and Boston Public 

Early life
Leal was born in Tucson, Arizona  Her mother, Angelita, is Filipina  Her father was an African-American military policeman who broke up with her mother before Sharon was born  Shortly after, her mother married Jesse Leal, a Master Sergeant in the United States Air Force and a police officer at Clark Air Base, Philippines; he legally adopted Sharon 

Career
Leal's career began with the role of Dahlia Crede in the CBS daytime serial Guiding Light   Later, she joined the Broadway company of Rent  Soon after, she was cast as Mimi for the San Francisco leg of the first national tour of Rent  Leal appeared on the 1999 original cast recording of the Off-Broadway musical Bright Lights, Big City alongside Patrick Wilson and Jesse L  Martin  She also appeared on the 2001 cast recording of Making Tracks 
From 2000 to 2004, Leal starred in the Fox prime time TV series Boston Public  She also had a role in the theatrical release Face the Music  She then appeared in a recurring role in the short-lived NBC series LAX, as the wife of airport co-director, Roger de Souza 
In 2006, she co-starred in the film adaptation of the Broadway musical Dreamgirls as Michelle Morris, Effie White's replacement in the pop group The Dreams, with Beyoncé Knowles, Jennifer Hudson, Eddie Murphy and Jamie Foxx  In 2007, Leal was cast in the Tyler Perry production Why Did I Get Married? and This Christmas  In 2010, she starred in Perry's sequel production Why Did I Get Married Too?  She also portrayed the character Vanessa Lodge in the series Hellcats, until it was cancelled in 2011  In 2013, Leal played the supporting role in the movie 1982, which tells a story of a drug addicted mother and a father's fight to protect his daughter 
Leal appears in seasons 2, 3, 5 and 6 of Supergirl as M'gann M'orzz (Megan in human form) 

Personal life
In October 2001, Leal married Bev Land  Their son Kai Miles Land was born in September 2001  The couple divorced in 2009 
Former Guiding Light co-star Yvonna Wright has said that she and Leal are close friends; the two starred together in a community production of Dreamgirls in their hometown 

Filmography
Film and TV Movies
Television
Awards and nominations
Passage 3:
Tasha Smith
Tasha Smith (born February 28, 1971) is an American actress, director and producer  She began her career in a starring role on the NBC comedy series Boston Common (1996–97), and she later appeared in numerous movies and television series 
Smith has appeared in the films The Whole Ten Yards (2004), Daddy's Little Girls (2007), The Longshots (2008), Couples Retreat (2009), and Jumping the Broom (2011)  She starred as Angela Williams in the Tyler Perry films Why Did I Get Married? (2007), its sequel Why Did I Get Married Too? (2010), and on the television series based on the movies, For Better or Worse (2011–2017)  In 2015, she began a recurring role as Carol Holloway on the Fox musical drama series Empire  Later in the same year, Smith made her directorial debut 

Early life and education
Tasha Smith was born on February 28, 1971, in Camden, New Jersey, and was raised by a single mother  She has an identical twin sister Sidra Smith, who currently lives in Harlem  Smith dropped out of Camden High School in her freshman year, and at age 19 moved to California 

Career
Smith made her acting debut with a small role in the comedy film Twin Sitters (1994)  From 1996 to 1997, she starred in the NBC comedy series, Boston Common  Later in 1997, she was cast alongside Tom Arnold in another short-lived comedy series, The Tom Show on The WB  In 2000, she had supporting role in the HBO miniseries, The Corner in which she played a drug addict  In the 2000s, Smith had guest starring roles on The Parkers, Without a Trace, Nip/Tuck, and Girlfriends  She has made number of supporting roles in movies such as Playas Ball (2003), The Whole Ten Yards (2004), and ATL (2006) 
Smith has played roles in multiple Tyler Perry projects  In 2007, she appeared as the main antagonist in the romantic comedy-drama film, Daddy's Little Girls  She played the role of Angela Williams in the Why Did I Get Married? (2007), and its sequel Why Did I Get Married Too? (2010)  The role she later played in the comedy series based on films, Tyler Perry's For Better or Worse 
Smith co-starred alongside Ice Cube and Keke Palmer in the family comedy-drama film, The Longshots (2008)  She had supporting role in the romantic comedy film Couples Retreat (2009), and co-starred alongside Salli Richardson, Nicole Ari Parker and Michael B  Jordan in Pastor Brown (2010)  In 2011, she appeared in the comedy-drama film Jumping the Broom alongside Angela Bassett and Paula Patton, and in 2014, she played a psychotherapist in the erotic thriller, Addicted  In 2014, she also was cast in a recurring role in the Fox drama series Empire as Carol Hardaway, Cookie Lyon's younger sister In 2015, Smith made her directorial debut with the short film Boxed in, which premiered during the 19th Annual American Black Film Festival  In 2017, Smith directed the television film When Love Kills: The Falicia Blakely Story, starring Lil Mama and Lance Gross, based on a true story  It premiered to 1 6 million viewers, ranking as TV One's #1 original movie premiere of all time among all key demos  In October 2017, she also directed an episode in the BET drama anthology series Tales  Smith worked as Mary J  Blige's acting coach for her role in Mudbound In 2019, Smith appeared in the comedy-drama film Dolemite Is My Name, and starred opposite Lisa Kudrow and Whitney Cummings in the Amazon comedy pilot Good People  Also that year, she directed episodes of Star, 9-1-1 and Black Lightning  In 2020, Smith directed the episode "Legacy" on the Starz TV series P-Valley  In 2021, Smith directed the Starz drama series Black Mafia Family In 2022, it was announced that Smith will be starring in the Lee Daniels' horror/thriller The Deliverance with Mo'Nique, Andra Day, Omar Epps, and Miss Lawrence 

Personal life
In December 2010, Smith married her boyfriend of one-year Keith Douglas, who was also her manager  In November 2014, Smith appeared in court to request a restraining order against Douglas  In documents filed prior to the court appearance, she accused him of having affairs with other women  Smith's friend Tisha Campbell-Martin acted as a character witness  The final divorce decree was issued in March 2015  However, Smith contested the divorce by alleging that Douglas concealed information from her that she should have known before the marriage  Smith alleged that Douglas was not "man of the cloth" that he presented himself to be during their courtship  She also said that, if she had known about Douglas' background, she would not have married him  The allegations about Douglas' background included five marriages before he married Smith, multiple children that he did not claim and disclose to Smith, and non-payment of income taxes for nearly a decade  The judge in the case granted Smith an annulment of the marriage in December 2015 on the basis of fraud committed by Douglas In an interview with D L  Hughley in 2014, Tasha Smith shared that during most of her teenage years and young adulthood she was an atheist, despite her family being devout religious Christians, because of the "hardships, tragedies, and misfortune she saw her family endure throughout her childhood " However, she said after learning that one of her family members had gotten very sick and was not able to visit them at the hospital, she decided to turn to prayer "and ask God to show himself to her and help her unbelief " After doing so, she says that she became a devout, practicing Christian and uses her Christian faith as one of her motivators for her career and philanthropy Smith is the creator of TSAW - an actor's workshop that empowers and inspires performers at various stages in their careers with focus on the Black community 

Filmography
Film
Television
Directing
Passage 4:
Ilir Hoxha
Ilir Hoxha (born 31 March 1949) is an Albanian politician  He is one of the sons of former Albanian leader Enver Hoxha  Ilir was imprisoned in 1995, but was released in 1996  Ilir has been called in to testify several times in an attempt to disclose secrets from the previous communist era  Ilir wrote a memoir in 1995 called "My Father, Enver Hoxha"  The article recounts Ilir's memories of his father's death, the impact it had on the family, his mother's struggles, and also the investigation and prosecution that was conducted on him after his father's death 
During the 2005 election campaign in Albania, Ilir campaigned for candidates of the Party of Labour of Albania 
Passage 5:
Lamman Rucker
Lamman Rucker  (born October 6, 1971) is an American actor  Rucker began his career on the daytime soap operas As the World Turns and All My Children, before roles in The Temptations, Tyler Perry's films Why Did I Get Married?, Why Did I Get Married Too?, and Meet the Browns, and its television adaptation  In 2016, he began starring as Jacob Greenleaf in the Oprah Winfrey Network drama series, Greenleaf  Rucker is married to Kelly Davis Rucker, a graduate of Hampton University  As of 2022, he stars in BET+ drama The Black Hamptons 

Early life
Rucker was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the son of Malaya (née Ray) and Eric Rucker  He has partial ancestry from Barbados  Rucker spent his formative years in the greater Washington, DC, Maryland area  He first had an interest in acting after he was placed in many child pageants   His first acting role was as Martin Luther King in the 4th grade  He was in the drama club in 7th grade and then attended high school at the Duke Ellington School of the Arts in Washington, D C  Rucker studied at Carnegie-Mellon University and Duquesne University On August 29, 2019, he shared personal life experiences that he credits for his success with the Hampton University football team 

Career
His major role came in 2002 when he assumed the role of attorney T  Marshall Travers on the CBS daytime soap opera As the World Turns opposite Tamara Tunie  He left the series the following year and portrayed Garret Williams on ABC soap opera All My Children in 2005  He also had the recurring roles on the UPN sitcoms All of Us and Half & Half 
Rucker is best known for his roles in the Tyler Perry's films  He co-starred in Why Did I Get Married? (2007) and  Why Did I Get Married Too? (2010)  He played Will Brown in 2008 film Meet The Browns  He later had a starring role on Perry's sitcom Meet the Browns reprising his role as Will from 2009 to 2011  The following year after Meet the Browns, Rucker was cast in the male lead role opposite Anne Heche in the NBC comedy series Save Me, but left after pilot episode  He later had roles in a number of small movies and TV movies  Rucker also had regular role opposite Mena Suvari in the short-lived WE tv drama series, South of Hell In 2015, Rucker was cast as one of leads in the Oprah Winfrey Network drama series, Greenleaf  He plays Jacob Greenleaf, the eldest son of Lynn Whitfield' and Keith David's characters 

Filmography
Film
Television
Award nominations
Passage 6:
Richard T  Jones
Richard Timothy Jones (born January 16, 1972) is an American actor  He has worked extensively in both film and television productions since the early 1990s  His television roles include Ally McBeal (1997), Judging Amy (1998–2005), CSI: Miami (2006), Girlfriends (2007), Grey's Anatomy (2010), Hawaii Five-0 (2011–2014), Narcos (2015), and Criminal Minds (2017)  Since 2018, he has played Police Sergeant Wade Grey on the ABC police drama The Rookie His film roles include portrayals of Lamont Carr in Disney's Full Court Miracle (2003), Laveinio "Slim" Hightower in Rick Famuyiwa's coming-of-age film The Wood (1999), Mike in Tyler Perry's dramatic films Why Did I Get Married? (2007) and Why Did I Get Married Too? (2010), and Captain Russell Hampton in the Hollywood blockbuster Godzilla (2014) 

Early life
Jones was born in Kobe, Japan, to American parents and grew up in Carson, California  He is the son of Lorene, a computer analyst, and Clarence Jones, a professional baseball player who at the time of Jones' birth was playing for the Nankai Hawks in Osaka  He has an older brother, Clarence Jones Jr , who works as a high school basketball coach  They would return to North America after Clarence's retirement following the 1978 season  His parents later divorced  Jones attended Bishop Montgomery High School in Torrance, California, then graduated from Tuskegee University 

Career
Since the early 1990s, Jones has worked in both film and television productions His first television role was in a 1993 episode of the series California Dreams  That same year, he appeared as Ike Turner, Jr  in What's Love Got to Do with It  From 1999 to 2005, he starred as Bruce Calvin van Exel in the CBS legal drama series Judging Amy Over the next two decades, Jones starred or guest-starred in high-profile television series such as Ally McBeal (1997), CSI: Miami (2006), Girlfriends (2007), Grey's Anatomy (2010), Hawaii Five-0 (2011–2014), Narcos (2015), and Criminal Minds (2017) His film roles include portrayals of Lamont Carr in the Disney film Full Court Miracle (2003), Laveinio "Slim" Hightower in Rick Famuyiwa's coming-of-age film The Wood (1999), and Mike in Tyler Perry's dramatic films Why Did I Get Married? (2007) and Why Did I Get Married Too? (2010), and Captain Russell Hampton in the Hollywood blockbuster Godzilla (2014) From 2017 to 2018, Jones played Detective Tommy Cavanaugh in the CBS drama series Wisdom of the Crowd Since February 2018, Jones has played the role of Sergeant Wade Gray in the ABC police procedural drama series The Rookie with Nathan Fillion 

Personal life
Joshua Media Ministries claims that its leader, David E  Taylor, mentors Jones in ministry, and that Jones has donated $1 million to its efforts 

Filmography
Film
Television
Passage 7:
Constantia Eriksdotter
Constantia Eriksdotter (1560–1649) was the illegitimate daughter of Eric XIV of Sweden and Agda Persdotter  She was called "The Queen of Tiveden" 

Life
Constantia Eriksdotter and her sister Virginia were removed from their mother's custody when she married in 1561  This was illegal, as according to the law the mother had sole custody until the children reached the age of three   They were placed first in the court of Princess Cecilia of Sweden, then that of Princess Elizabeth of Sweden (1564), and finally that of queen Karin Månsdotter   In 1573, she visited her deposed father in prison, and was possibly the last family member to see him alive 
On 13 January 1594, she married the English nobleman Henry Frankelin, courtier to her uncle Charles IX of Sweden  The same year, she was awarded nine estates in Väne parish in Bohuslän by her cousin king Sigismund III Vasa  In 1595, she was further granted Bocksjö Manor in the parish of Tiveden in Västergötland, where she chose to reside  As a widow after 1610, she mainly lived at Odenfors gard in Linköpings kommun outside Vreta   She died at Östergötland and was buried together with her husband at Undenäs Old Church in Undenäs parish (Undenäs socken) in Skaraborg County  A moonstone belonging to Constantia is still kept
in the Undenäs church 

Issue
Carl Frankelin (d  1631), major, fell at Greifswald when occupied under the Treaty of Stettin 
Johan Frankelin
Maria Catharina Frankelin (d  1661), married to governor and nobleman Anders Koskull (1594-1676)
Elisabet Frankelin (d  1655), married to Christian Frost (d  1631)
Passage 8:
Denise Boutte
Denise Boutte (born January 19, 1982) is an American actress and model, who has appeared in the films Why Did I Get Married? as Trina, Death Valley: The Revenge of Bloody Bill, as Mandy, Sister's Keeper and Noah's Arc 

Career
She starred in the sitcom Meet the Browns as Sasha Brown 

Filmography
Film and TV Movies
Television
Passage 9:
Eric XIV of Sweden
Eric XIV (Swedish: Erik XIV; 13 December 1533 – 26 February 1577) was King of Sweden from 1560 until he was captured in a rebellion led by his brother John in 1568 and formally deposed 26 January 1569  Eric XIV was the eldest son of Gustav I (1496–1560) and Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg (1513–1535)  He was also ruler of Estonia, after it placed itself under Swedish protection in 1561 
While he has been regarded as intelligent and artistically skilled, as well as politically ambitious, early in his reign he showed signs of mental instability, a condition that eventually led to insanity  Some scholars claim that his illness began early during his reign, while others believe that it first manifested with the Sture murders 
Eric, having been imprisoned and deposed, was most likely murdered  An examination of his remains in 1958 confirmed that he probably died of arsenic poisoning 

Early years
Eric XIV was born at Tre Kronor castle, the morning of 13 December 1533   His mother died before his second year  In 1536, his father, Gustav Vasa, married Margaret Leijonhufvud (1516–1551), a Swedish noblewoman 
Eric's first teacher was the learned German Georg Norman, whose services were shortly thereafter needed elsewhere within the Swedish state  He was replaced by French Calvinist Dionysius Beurraeus (1500–67)  Dionysius taught both Eric and his half-brother John, and seems to have been appreciated by both  Eric was very successful in foreign languages and mathematics  He was also an informed historian, a good writer and familiar with astrology 
When Eric started to appear in public, he was referred to as "chosen king" (Swedish: utvald konung) and after the meeting of parliament in Stockholm in 1560, he received the title of "hereditary king" (Swedish: arvkonung) 
In 1557, Eric was assigned the fiefdoms of Kalmar, Kronoberg and Öland  He took up residence in the city of Kalmar 
Against his father's wishes, Eric entered into marriage negotiations with the future Queen Elizabeth I of England and pursued her for several years  Tensions between Eric and his father grew  Eric also made unsuccessful marriage proposals to, among others, Mary, Queen of Scots (1542–1587), Renata of Lorraine (1544–1602), Anna of Saxony (1544–1577) and Christine of Hesse (1543–1604) 

Rule
The news of his father's death reached Eric as he was on the point of embarking for England to press his suit for the hand of Queen Elizabeth  Back in Stockholm he summoned a Riksdag, which met at Arboga on 15 April 1561  There he adopted the royal propositions known as the "Arboga articles", considerably curtailing the authority of the royal dukes, John and Charles, in their respective provinces 
He was crowned as Eric XIV, but was not necessarily the 14th king of Sweden named Eric  He and his brother Charles adopted regnal numbers according to Johannes Magnus's partly fictitious history of Sweden  There had, however, been at least six earlier Swedish kings with the name of Eric, as well as pretenders about whom very little is known From the start of his reign, Eric was in opposition to the Swedish nobility  He chose as a close adviser Jöran Persson (1530–68), who had narrowly escaped execution under Eric's father  Persson was also opposed to the nobility and a determined opponent of Eric's half-brother, later John III of Sweden (1537–92)  John was the Duke of Finland and was married to a Polish princess, against Eric's wishes, which made him friendly with Poland  John pursued an expansionist policy in Livonia (now Estonia and Latvia), in breach of the Arboga articles, which led to contention between the brothers  In 1563, John was seized by an army sent to Finland, and tried for high treason by Eric's order 
Unlike his father, who had been satisfied with ruling an independent state, Eric tried to expand his influence in the Baltic region and in Estonia, beginning the process that resulted in Sweden becoming a great power in the 17th century  This expansionism resulted in a clash with his cousin, Frederick II of Denmark-Norway (1534–88)  Most of Eric XIV's reign was then dominated by the Livonian War and the Scandinavian Seven Years' War against Denmark-Norway (1563–70), during which he successfully repelled most Danish-Norwegian attempts at conquest, but was unable to keep his own acquisitions From 1563 onwards, his insanity became pronounced; his rule became even more arbitrary and marked by violence  His suspicion of the nobility led him to suspicions of the Sture family, then headed by Svante Stensson Sture, who was married to Gustav's sister-in-law  He first acted against the family in 1566, accusing Svante's son Nils of treason, but commuted the sentence and instead sent Nils to Lorraine, supposedly to arrange a marriage with the princess Renata  However, Eric had determined to marry his mistress Karin Månsdotter and in 1567, on Nils's return and suspicious of high treason, he killed several members of the family in the so-called Sture Murders, Eric himself stabbing Nils Svantesson Sture  The King probably thought of the killing as an execution rather than murder 

Downfall
After the Sture homicides, John was imprisoned and Eric's conflict with the nobility came to its climax  Early in 1568, Eric seemed to recover his reason, and attempted to reconcile with John on the condition that the latter recognized Eric's marriage with Karin Månsdotter  This marriage was solemnized in July, Karin crowned Queen, and their infant son Gustav pronounced Prince-royal  However, in the fall of 1568, asserting Eric's insanity, the dukes and the nobles rebelled, and after some resistance, Eric was imprisoned by his brother Duke John, who took power on 30 September  Jöran Persson was assigned much of the blame for the actions directed against the nobility during Eric XIV's reign and was executed shortly after John III had incarcerated Eric, who was legally dethroned in January 1569 by the Riksdag 

Imprisonment and death
For the next eight years the ex-king was a source of anxiety to the new government  Three rebellions – the 1569 Plot, the Mornay Plot and the 1576 Plot – with the object of releasing and reinstating him, had to be suppressed, and Eric was held as a prisoner in many different castles in both Sweden and Finland  He died in prison in Örbyhus Castle  According to a tradition starting with Johannes Messenius, his final meal was a poisoned bowl of pea soup  A document signed by his brother, John III of Sweden, and a nobleman, Bengt Bengtsson Gylta (1514–74), gave Eric's guards in his last prison authorization to poison him if anyone tried to release him  His body was later exhumed and modern forensic analysis revealed evidence of lethal arsenic poisoning 

Family and descendants
Eric XIV had several relationships before his marriage 
With Agda Persdotter:

Virginia Eriksdotter (1559–1633; living descendants)
Constantia Eriksdotter (1560–1649; living descendants)
Lucretia Eriksdotter (1564–after 1574) died young With Karin Jacobsdotter:

An unnamed child, died April 1565 Eric XIV finally married Karin Månsdotter (1550–1612) on 4 July 1568; their children were:

Sigrid (1566–1633; born before the marriage), lady-in-waiting, wife of two noblemen 
Gustaf (1568–1607; born before the marriage), mercenary
Henrik (1570–74)
Arnold (1572–73)

Eric XIV in literature
The life of Eric XIV is the subject of an 1899 play by Swedish playwright August Strindberg (1849–1912)  The love story of Eric XIV and Karin Månsdotter is the subject of a 1942 historical novel Karin Månsdotter by Mika Waltari 

See also
List of Swedish monarchs
List of Finnish monarchs and Heads of State
History of Sweden
History of Sweden (1523–1611)
Passage 10:
Charibert I
Charibert I (French: Caribert; Latin: Charibertus; c  517 – December 567) was the Merovingian King of Paris, the second-eldest son of Chlothar I and his first wife Ingund  His elder brother Gunthar died sometime before their father's death  He shared in the partition of the Frankish kingdom that followed his father's death in 561, receiving the old kingdom of Childebert I, with its capital at Paris 

Personal life
Charibert married Ingoberga and they had four children: 

Blithide of Cologne (538-603), possibly married to Ansbertus, Gallo-Roman senator
Chrodobertus (d  595)
Clithorice (541-569)
Bertha, who married Æthelberht of Kent
Charibert also had several concubines  By Merofleda, a wool carder's daughter, and her sister Marcovefa, he had daughters: Berteflede (a nun in Tours) and Clothilde (a nun in St  Croix, Poitiers)  By Theodogilda (or Theudechild), a cowherd's daughter; Charibert had a son who died in infancy 
Charibert married his daughter Bertha to Æthelberht, the pagan King of Kent  She took  Bishop Liudhard with her as her private confessor  Her influence in the Kentish court was instrumental in the success of St  Augustine of Canterbury's mission in 597, effecting the conversion to Christianity of the first Anglo-Saxon ruler 

Military campaigns and enthronement
In 556, Chlothar sent his sons Charibert and Guntram (his youngest) against their stepmother, "Chunna," and younger stepbrother, "Chramn," who were in revolt  During ongoing negotiations, Chramn was hiding out on Black Mountain in the Limousin  When the negotiations failed, the two armies prepared for battle  However, a thunderstorm prevented any engagement, and Chramn (who was hiding out in Black Mountain) sent forged letters to his brothers (Charibert and Guntram) in which he falsely reported the death of their father (Chlothar)  Charibert and Guntram immediately returned to Burgundy to secure their positions 

After the actual death of Chlothar in 561, the Frankish kingdom was divided between his sons in a new configuration (map, left)  Each son ruled a distinct realm which was not necessarily geographically coherent but could contain two unconnected regions  Their kingdoms were named after the city from which they ruled  Charibert received Neustria (the region between the Somme and the Loire), Aquitaine, and Novempopulana with Paris as his capital  His other chief cities were Rouen, Tours, Poitiers, Limoges, Bordeaux, Toulouse, Cahors, and Albi  Guntram received Burgundy  Sigebert received Austrasia (including Rheims) with his capital at Metz, and the youngest brother Chilperic received a compact kingdom with Soissons as its capital 

Death and legacy
Though Charibert was eloquent and learned in the law, Gregory of Tours found him one of the most dissolute of the early Merovingians  He maintained four concurrent wives, two of them sisters, and this resulted in his excommunication by Germanus  This was the first ever excommunication of a Merovingian king   As a result, he was buried in disgrace at Blavia castellum, a stronghold in the Tractatus Armoricani  At his death, his brothers divided his realm between them, agreeing at first to hold Paris in common  His surviving queen (out of four), Theudechild, proposed a marriage with Guntram, though a council held at Paris in 557 had outlawed such matches as incestuous  Guntram decided to house her more safely, though unwillingly, in a nunnery at Arles 
The main source for Charibert's life is Gregory of Tours' History of the Franks (Book IV, 3,16,22,26 and IX, 26), and from the English perspective Bede's Ecclesiastic History of the English People 
Context 2: Passage 1:
Western Division
Western Division or West Division may refer to:

Locations
Western Division (The Gambia)
Western Division, Fiji
West Division (Northern Ireland)
Western Division (New South Wales)
West Division, Western Australia

Units
13th (Western) Division (United Kingdom)
19th (Western) Division (United Kingdom)
Western Rifle Division

Sport
Western Division (AFL)
West Division (CFL), a division of the Canadian Football League
West Division (NHL)
American League Western Division
National League Western Division
AFC West Division
NFC West Division
West Division of the Mid-American Conference
West Division of the Southeastern Conference
Western Division (cricket), a division of Minor League Cricket

See also

Western Conference (disambiguation)
Central Division (disambiguation)
Eastern Division (disambiguation)
Northern Division (disambiguation)
Southern Division (disambiguation)
All pages with titles containing Division West
All pages with titles containing West Division

All pages with titles beginning with Western Division
All pages with titles containing Western Division
Division (disambiguation)
Western (disambiguation)
West (disambiguation)
Passage 2:
Duilio Coletti
Duilio Coletti (28 December 1906 – 22 May 1999) was an Italian film director and screenwriter  He directed 29 films between 1934 and 1977 

Career
Born in Penne, Abruzzo, he took a degree in medicine and surgery and practiced the profession for a short time  He entered the film industry as a screenwriter and assistant director in early 1930s, then made his directorial debut in 1935 with Pierpin  Coletti specialized in films of great spectacular impact and was particularly appreciated in the direction of action movies His film Submarine Attack was entered into the 4th Berlin International Film Festival  He was a member of the jury at the 8th Berlin International Film Festival 

Selected filmography
Passage 3:
B Division
B Division, Division B, or variant may refer to:

B Division (New York City Subway)
B Division (Irish League), association football
Division B (Scottish Football League)
Divizia B (Romanian Football League)
Moldovan "B" Division
B-Division (Tuvalu)
Division B (FIBA EuroBasket)
Division B (Minor Hockey League), Russian ice hockey
Homicide: Division B, a 2008 short film

See also
A Division (disambiguation)
Second Division (disambiguation)
Passage 4:
Lesley Selander
Lesley Selander (May 26, 1900 – December 5, 1979) was an American film director of Westerns and adventure movies  His career as director, spanning 127 feature films and dozens of TV episodes, lasted from 1936 to 1968  Before that, Selander was assistant director on films such as The Cat and the Fiddle (1934), A Night at the Opera (1935), and Fritz Lang's Fury (1936) 
To this day Selander remains one of the most prolific directors of feature Westerns in cinema history, having taken the helm for 107 Westerns between his first directorial feature in 1936 and 1967   In 1956 he was nominated for the Directors Guild of America award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Television, for his work directing a 1954 episode of Lassie 

Filmography
Passage 5:
Folgore Division
Folgore Division (Italian: Divisione Folgore) is a 1955 Italian war film directed by Duilio Coletti
Context 3: Passage 1:
William de Turbeville
William de Turbeville (or William Turbe; c  1095 –  January 1174) was a medieval Bishop of Norwich 

Life
Turbeville was educated in the Benedictine priory of Norwich Cathedral  Here he also made religious profession, first as a teacher and later as prior  He first held the office of precentor of the Diocese of Norwich from about 1136, and was subsequently Prior of Norwich Turbeville was present at the Easter synod of 1144 when Godwin Stuart alleged that his nephew, William of Norwich, a boy of about twelve years, had been murdered by the Norwich Jews during the preceding Holy Week 
When Turbeville became bishop in 1146 or early 1147 he propagated the cult of the "boy-martyr"  On four occasions he had the boy's remains transferred to more honourable places, and in 1168 erected a chapel in his honour in Mousehold Wood, where the boy's body was said to have been found  He persuaded Thomas of Monmouth, a monk of Norwich priory, to write "The Life and Miracles of St William of Norwich" about 1173, the only extant authority for the legend of William, which is now commonly discredited 
Turbeville attended the Council of Rheims in 1148 Turbeville died on 16 January 1174 or 17 January 1174 

Citations
Passage 2:
William Scott, Lord Balwearie
Sir William Scott, Lord Balwearie (died 1532), or William Scot, was a Scottish judge 

Biography
Scott was elder son of Sir William Scott of Balwearie, by Isobel, daughter of Sir John Moncrieff of Moncrieff  He accompanied James IV in his expedition into England in 1513, and, being taken prisoner at the battle of Flodden, was obliged to sell a portion of his lands of Strathmiglo to purchase his ransom  In February 1524 he was chosen a commissioner to parliament, when he was appointed one of the lords of the articles for the barons, an honour frequently afterwards conferred on him, although obtained by no one else under the rank of a peer  On 24 November he was styled a justice, in the absence of the justice-general, in a commission appointed to do justice on the "malt makers of Leith for common oppression through the exorbitant dearth raised by them, and of their causing through the whole realm"  On the institution of the college of justice on 13 May 1532, he was nominated the first justice on the temporal side, but died before 19 November of the same year  
By his wife, Janet Lundy, daughter of Thomas Lundy of Lundy, he had two sons, Sir William, father of Sir James Scott (fl  1579–1606), and Thomas (1480?–1539) 
Passage 3:
Erich Haenisch
Erich Haenisch  (27 August 1880, Berlin – 21 December 1966, Stuttgart)  was a German sinologist and first-degree cousin of politician Konrad Haenisch  He was the academic teacher of George Kennedy (Yale) 
During World War II , Haenisch was the only German sinologist who actively intervened with the Nazi government on behalf of his colleague Henri Maspero, who had been arrested by the Gestapo and taken to Buchenwald, since his son was a member of the resistance  Since Haenisch did not receive support by his German colleagues, he could not save Maspero, who died in Buchenwald on March 17, 1945 

External links
Erich Haenisch: Sinological Profiles, University of Massachusetts
Literature by and about Erich Haenisch in the German National Library catalogue
Passage 4:
William Lamb alias Paniter
William Lamb, or William Paniter alias Lamb, (c  1493 - 1550) was a Scottish cleric, lawyer, and author 

Life
William Lamb was the son of a sister of Patrick Paniter, and a cousin of David Panter  In his early career he adopted his uncle Patrick Paniter's name  His clerical appointments included the Prebendaries of Conveth and Croy, rectory of Kinnell, and canon of Moray  He was enrolled as Master of Arts at St Andrews University in 1520 
On 25 February 1537, James V of Scotland ordered the Court of Session to admit William to sit in daily at their proceedings to learn their legal practices  He became a Senator of the College of Justice 

Ane Resonyng
William Lamb wrote Ane Resonyng of ane Scottis and Inglis merchand betuix Rowand and Lionis in 1549  It was an answer to English propaganda published during the war of the Rough Wooing  Unlike the Complaynt of Scotland (Paris, 1549), Lamb's book was not published but survived in manuscript 
The arguments are set out as a dialogue between a Scot and an Englishmen who meet while travelling in France, with an appearance from Thomas More, John Fisher and Richard Reynolds of Sion, three English Catholic martyrs 

Footnotes

Lyall, Roderick J, ed , William Lamb - "Ane Resonyng" (Aberdeen University Press, 1985) 
Passage 5:
William Pooley
Sir William Pooley (died 5 August 1629) was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1621 and 1629



ground_truth: poisoning

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Which film has the director who died first, Folgore Division or Sandflow?

The following are given passages.
Context 2:  It is based on actual events and depicts the 185th Airborne Division Folgore during the battle of El-Alamein  The screenwriter and military advisor was Marcantonio Bragadin 

Plot
In the summer of 1942, during the Second World War, a group of young paratroopers from the Folgore Division, after having undergone a long and tiring training in Italy, was transported by air to the Libyan desert to cover the Italian-German front  The young soldiers believe that their destination is the island of Malta (operation C3) or the area of Alexandria: instead they find themselves thrown into a desert region where they are forced to live in holes dug in the sand and to face with insufficient means the armored British armored units  They will sadly see their parachutes piled up inside a warehouse in the desert  Thus develops that epic fight, which takes the name of the battle of El-Alamein, in which a handful of heroic fighters try with every effort to stop or at least delay the advance of General Montgomery's British tanks  Once their line-up has broken through, the survivors resist for several days an unequal struggle against the preponderant English forces, even being mentioned, for their heroism, by the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, who called them "The lions of the Thunderbolt" 

Cast
Ettore Manni: The Captain
Fausto Tozzi: The Sergeant
José Jaspe: Salvi
Marco Guglielmi: Lt  Corsini
Aldo Bufi Landi: Friar Gabriele
Monica Clay: Captain's Wife
Lea Padovani:   Salvi's Wife
Mario Girotti: Paratrooper
Fabrizio Mioni: Gianluigi Corsini
Fernando Cicero
Carlo Tamberlani
Passage 6:
Sandflow
Sandflow is a 1937 American Western film directed by Lesley Selander and written by Frances Guihan  The film stars Buck Jones, Lita Chevret, Bob Kortman, Arthur Aylesworth, Bob Terry and Enrique de Rosas  The film was released on February 14, 1937, by Universal Pictures 

Plot
Lane Hallett is wanted for killing the Sheriff, however his brother Buck thinks he is innocent and sets out to prove it, but while he is out Quayle is after Lane for the reward money 

Cast
Buck Jones as Buck Hallett
Lita Chevret as Rose Porter
Bob Kortman as Quayle
Arthur Aylesworth as Tex
Bob Terry as Lane Hallett
Enrique de Rosas as Joaquin
Josef Swickard as Banker Porter
Lee Phelps as Singing Guard
Harold Hodge as Rillito
Tom Chatterton as Sheriff
Arthur Van Slyke as Santone
Malcolm Graham as Parable
Silver as Silver
Passage 7:
11th Division
11th Division or 11th Infantry Division may refer to:

Infantry divisions
11th Division (Australia)
11th Infantry Division (Bangladesh), see Md  Rashed Amin
11th Division (German Empire)
11th Reserve Division (German Empire)
11th Bavarian Infantry Division,  a unit of the Royal Bavarian Army, part of the Imperial German Army, in World War I
11th SS Volunteer Panzergrenadier Division Nordland
11th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)
11th Infantry Division (Greece)
11th Indian Division, a unit of the British Indian Army during World War I
11th Infantry Division (India)
11th Infantry Division Brennero, Kingdom of Italy
11th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
11th Infantry Division (Pakistan)
11th Infantry Division (Poland)
11th Infantry Division (Russian Empire)
11th Division (Spain)
11th Division (Sri Lanka)
11th Infantry Division (Thailand), se Apirat Kongsompong
11th (East Africa) Division, a colonial unit of the British Empire during World War II
11th (Northern) Division, a unit of the British Army during World War I
11th Infantry Division (United States), a unit in World War I and World War II
11th Rifle Division (disambiguation)

Airborne divisions
11th Airborne Division (United States)

Armored divisions
11th Panzer Division (Wehrmacht), Germany
11th Armoured Division (United Kingdom)
11th Armored Division (United States)

Aviation divisions
11th Air Division, a unit of the United States Air Force in Alaska

Air defense divisions
11th Air Defense Division, Yugoslavia

See also
11th Army (disambiguation)
XI Corps (disambiguation)
11th Group (disambiguation)
11th Brigade (disambiguation)
11th Regiment (disambiguation)
11th Battalion (disambiguation)
11 Squadron (disambiguation)
Passage 8:
Eastern Division
Eastern Division or East Division may refer to:

Military
12th (Eastern) Division, was a division raised by the British Army during the First World War
12th (Eastern) Infantry Division, was a division raised by the British Army during the Second World War
18th (Eastern) Division, was a division raised by the British Army during the First World War

Places
Eastern Division, Fiji
Eastern Division (New South Wales)
Eastern Land Division, a cadastral division of Western Australia

Sports
East Division (AFL), a division of the Arena Football League
East Division (CFL), a division of the Canadian Football League
East Division (NHL), a division of the National Hockey League
AFC East, a division of the American Football Conference
American League East, a division of Major League Baseball
National League East, a division of Major League Baseball
NFC East, a division of the National Football Conference
Eastern Division of the Southeastern Conference
Eastern Division (cricket), a division of Minor League Cricket

Other uses
BMT Eastern Division of the New York City Subway
East Division High School, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States

See also

Eastern Conference (disambiguation)
Central Division (disambiguation)
Northern Division (disambiguation)
Southern Division (disambiguation)
Western Division (disambiguation)
All pages with titles containing Division East
All pages with titles containing East Division

All pages with titles beginning with Eastern Division
All pages with titles containing Eastern Division
Division (disambiguation)
Eastern (disambiguation)
East (disambiguation)
Passage 9:
Division
Division or divider may refer to:

Mathematics
Division (mathematics), the inverse of multiplication
Division algorithm, a method for computing the result of mathematical division

Military
Division (military), a formation typically consisting of 10,000 to 25,000 troops
Divizion, a subunit in some militaries
Division (naval), a collection of warships

Science
Cell division, the process in which biological cells multiply
Continental divide, the geographical term for separation between watersheds
Division (biology), used differently in botany and zoology
Division (botany), a taxonomic rank for plants or fungi, equivalent to phylum in zoology
Division (horticulture), a method of vegetative plant propagation, or the plants created by using this method
Division, a medical/surgical operation involving cutting and separation, see ICD-10 Procedure Coding System

Technology
Beam compass, a compass with a beam and sliding sockets for drawing and dividing circles larger than those made by a regular pair of compasses
Divider caliper or compass, a caliper
Frequency divider, a circuit that divides the frequency of a clock signal

Society
Administrative division, territory into which a country is divided
Census division, an official term in Canada and the United States
Diairesis, Plato's method of definition by division
Division (business), of a business entity is a distinct part of that business but the primary business is legally responsible for all of the obligations and debts of the division
Division (political geography), a name for a subsidiary state or prefecture of a country
Division (sport), a group of teams in organised sport who compete for a divisional title
In parliamentary procedure:
Division of the assembly, a type of formally recorded vote by assembly members
Division of a question, to split a question into two or more questions
Partition (politics), the process of changing national borders or separating political entities
Police division, a large territorial unit of the British police

Places
Division station (CTA North Side Main Line), a station on the Chicago Transit Authority's North Side Main Line
Division station (CTA Blue Line), a station on the Chicago Transit Authority's 'L' system, serving the Blue Line
Division Mountain, on the Continental Divide along the Alberta - British Columbia border of Canada
Division Range, Humboldt County, Nevada

Music
Division (10 Years album), 2008
Division (The Gazette album), 2012
Divisions (album), by Starset, 2019
Division (music), a type of ornamentation or variation found in early music
Divider, as in Schenkerian music analysis, a consonant subdivision of a consonant interval
"Division", a song by Aly & AJ from Insomniatic, 2007
"Divider", a song by Scott Weiland from the album 12 Bar Blues (album), 1998

Other uses
Divider, a central reservation in Bangladesh
Division of the field, a concept in heraldry
Division (logical fallacy), when one reasons logically that something true of a thing must also be true of all or some of its parts
Tom Clancy's The Division, a multiplayer video game by Ubisoft and Red Storm Entertainment
The Division (TV series), a police procedural

See also

Dvsn, Canadian musical group
Dividend, payments made by a corporation to its shareholder members
Compartment (disambiguation)
Div (disambiguation)
Divide (disambiguation)
Partition (disambiguation)
Section (disambiguation)
Segment (disambiguation)
Split (disambiguation)
Subdivision (disambiguation)
All pages with titles beginning with Division
All pages with titles containing Division
Passage 10:
A Division
A Division or A-Division or Division A or variant has the following meanings:

A Division (New York City Subway)
Moldovan "A" Division, football (soccer)
Tuvalu A-Division, football (soccer)
Martyr's Memorial A-Division League, football (soccer)

See also
B Division (disambiguation)
Division 1
Context 3: 
Pooley was of Boxted, Suffolk and was knighted by James I  In 1621, he was elected Member of Parliament for Preston  He was elected MP for both Preston and Sudbury in 1624 and chose to sit for Sudbury  In 1626 he was elected MP for Wigan  He was elected MP for Sudbury again in 1628 and sat until 1629 when King Charles decided to rule without parliament, and then did so for eleven years His daughter Judith married Sir Humphrey May 
Passage 6:
William of March
William of March (or William March; died 1302) was a medieval Treasurer of England and a Bishop of Bath and Wells 

Life
William was always referred to as magister, and may have attended and graduated from Oxford University  He was controller of the wardrobe from 1283 to 1290 and Dean of St  Martin's-le-Grand before being selected as Treasurer in August 1290  He was Treasurer until he was dismissed in August 1295  While treasurer, he introduced the practice of keeping Exchequer Journal rolls, or as accountants know them day books, which recorded the total amount in the treasury at the start of each day along with all payments made that day  This practice began in 1293, and did not record any payments made before taxes arrived at the treasury William was a canon of Wells by 20 March 1291 and a royal clerk William was elected bishop on 30 January 1293 and consecrated on 17 May 1293  As treasurer he was instrumental in putting forward administrative changes in the way the department was run  For the first time, monies coming into the treasury were recorded on special accounts and the officials of the department became more involved in the collection and assessment of taxes and other varieties of income  However, in August 1295 William was dismissed as treasurer, although the financial policies did not change  It may be that King Edward I used March as a scapegoat, or it may be that some charges that citizens of London brought against the treasurer were felt to be valid  After his dismissal from the treasurership in 1295, he devoted himself to the care of his diocese, and was regarded as a pious bishop William died on 11 June 1302 although current historical research is challenging that date  He was buried at Wells Cathedral in the south transept wall on 17 June 1302  In 1325 there was a petition for him to be canonized, which continued to be supported by kings Edward II and Edward III  William is supposed to have built the chapter house at Wells  His will named a brother, John March, and a nephew, Robert Urry, to whom William left monies to go on crusade in William's name 

Citations
Passage 7:
William Middleton (bishop)
William Middleton (or William de Middleton; died 31 August or 1 September 1288) was a medieval Bishop of Norwich 

Life
Middleton began his career as a clerk in the Jewish exchequer in 1265  He was given custody of the rolls in 1276, and in 1277 was at the French royal court  He was an official of Canterbury when he was appointed Archdeacon of Canterbury by Archbishop Robert Kilwardby in October 1275  He may also have held a prebend in the diocese of London Middleton was elected on 24 February 1278 and was consecrated on 29 May 1278  He was enthroned at Norwich Cathedral on 27 November 1278  He continued to work on royal administrative business after his election and consecration In July 1287 Middleton was appointed to the offices of Seneschal of Gascony and Lieutenant of the Duchy of Aquitaine  He died 31 August or 1 September 1288 

Citations
Passage 8:
William of St  Barbara
William of St  Barbara or William of Ste Barbe (died 1152) was a medieval Bishop of Durham 

Life
From William's name, it is presumed that he was a native of Sainte-Barbe-en-Auge in Calvados in Normandy (Neustria)



ground_truth: Sandflow

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Who died first, Erich Haenisch or William Pooley?

The following are given passages.
Context 3:  He was a canon of York Minster in 1128  He was Dean of York by December 1138 William was elected to the see of Durham on 14 March 1143 and consecrated on 20 June 1143  He was elected in opposition to William Cumin who had been intruded into the see by King David I of Scotland in 1141  Cumin was never consecrated and by 1143 had been excommunicated by Pope Innocent II who also ordered a new election to be held at York Minster  It was this election which selected William of St  Barbara  However, the new bishop was not able to enter Durham right away, and he was enthroned either on 18 October 1144 or shortly thereafter Troubles continued in Durham, and the bishop was unable to attend the Council of Rheims in 1148, which led to a suspension by the pope for inattendance  William supported Henry Murdac in the disputed election to the archbishopric of York, and it was probably Murdac who arranged for the suspension to be lifted  William also supported the Cistercians and the Augustinians, which perturbed  his cathedral chapter which was made up of Benedictine monks  He died 13 November 1152  A grave identified as his was excavated in the 19th century in the chapter house of  Durham Cathedral 

Citations
Passage 9:
W  Langdon Kihn
Wilfred (or William) Langdon Kihn (September 5, 1898 – December 12, 1957) was a portrait painter and illustrator specializing in portraits of American Indians 

Life and career
He was born in Brooklyn, New York, son of Alfred Charles Kihn and Carrie Lowe (Peck) Kihn   He attended Boys' High School in Brooklyn and was recognized there for his artistic talent He married Helen Van Tine Butler in 1920, and lived in Hadlyme and Moodus, Connecticut He studied with the Art Students League, 1916–17, and was a pupil of Homer Boss and Winold Reiss 

Motivated by a desire to document the disappearing aboriginal culture, he spent many years visiting and living with Indian tribes in the Western United States   In 1920, he was admitted to the Blackfeet tribe in Montana, under the name "Zoi-och-ka-tsai-ya," meaning "Chase Enemy in Water" In 1922, the New York Times described his work as follows:

Mr  Kihn's portraits are marvels of incisive characterization  These closely studied physiognomies show no trace of the sentimental idealization from which most painters of Indian subjects find it almost impossible to escape  Each is firm, clear, and direct, recording the subtle differences of aspect difficult enough to discern in races other than our own, and seizing the essential message of the face with youthful certainty and conviction 
Throughout his career, he also illustrated a number of books, including Indian Days in the Canadian Rockies by Marius Barbeau (1923) and Pocahontas and Her World by Frances Carpenter (1961)  Many of his illustrations featured colorful portraits, while children's story books such as Flat Tail by Alice Gall and Fleming Crew (1935) often featured line drawings 
Along with writer Donald Barr Chidsey, he was a Democratic candidate for the Connecticut House of Representatives from the town of Lyme, in the November 2, 1948 election He died in Lawrence Memorial Hospital, New London, Connecticut, after a short illness, and was buried in Cove Cemetery, Hadlyme, Connecticut 

Collections and exhibitions
His paintings were featured in one-man and group exhibitions in many different museums and galleries, starting in the early 1920s His work is in the permanent collections of, among others, the McCord Museum in Montreal, Quebec, and the Davison Art Center Gallery at Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut In 2014, the Foosaner Art Museum at the Florida Institute of Technology hosted an exhibition of his works, featuring pictures from the Vancouver Art Gallery and the National Geographic Society and a private collector 

See also
Native Americans in the United States: Depictions by Europeans and Americans
Native Americans in popular culture
Elbridge Ayer Burbank
George Catlin
Seth and Mary Eastman
Paul Kane
Charles Bird King
Joseph Henry Sharp
John Mix Stanley

Sources
External links

W  Langdon Kihn page at the Smithsonian Institution's Archives of American Art
W  Langdon Kihn Papers at the Archives of American Art 
Exhibition portraits of American Indians, by W  Langdon Kihn (1922) at Archive org
Passage 10:
Frederick Pooley
Frederick William Pooley (7 April 1852 – 11 September 1905) was an English first-class cricketer active 1876–78 who played for Surrey  The brother of Ted Pooley, he was born in Richmond-upon-Thames; died in West Ham 



ground_truth: William Pooley