prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Who is the paternal grandfather of Mark Getty?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Henry Krause
Henry J  "Red" Krause, Jr  (August 28, 1913 – February 20, 1987) was an American football offensive lineman in the National Football League for the Brooklyn Dodgers and the Washington Redskins   He played college football at St  Louis University 
Passage 2:
Abd al-Muttalib
Shayba ibn Hāshim (Arabic: شَيْبَة إبْن هَاشِم; c  497–578), better known as ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, (Arabic: عَبْد ٱلْمُطَّلِب, lit  'Servant of Muttalib') was the fourth chief of the Quraysh tribal confederation  He was the grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad 

Early life
His father was Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf,: 81  the progenitor of the distinguished Banu Hashim, a clan of the Quraysh tribe of Mecca  They claimed descent from Ismā'īl and Ibrāhīm  His mother was Salma bint Amr, from the Banu Najjar, a clan of the Khazraj tribe in Yathrib (later called Madinah)  Hashim died while doing business in Gaza, before Abd al-Muttalib was born : 81 His real name was "Shaiba" meaning 'the ancient one' or 'white-haired' because of the streak of white through his jet-black hair, and is sometimes also called Shaybah al-Ḥamd ("The white streak of praise") : 81–82  After his father's death he was raised in Yathrib with his mother and her family until about the age of eight, when his uncle Muttalib ibn Abd Manaf went to see him and asked his mother Salmah to entrust Shaybah to his care  Salmah was unwilling to let her son go and Shaiba refused to leave his mother without her consent  Muṭṭalib then pointed out that the possibilities Yathrib had to offer were incomparable to Mecca  Salmah was impressed with his arguments, so she agreed to let him go  Upon first arriving in Mecca, the people assumed the unknown child was Muttalib's servant and started calling him 'Abd al-Muttalib ("servant of Muttalib") : 85–86

Chieftain of Hashim clan
When Muṭṭalib died, Shaiba succeeded him as the chief of the Hāshim clan  Following his uncle Al-Muṭṭalib, he took over the duties of providing the pilgrims with food and water, and carried on the practices of his forefathers with his people  He attained such eminence as none of his forefathers enjoyed; his people loved him and his reputation was great among them : 61 
'Umar ibn Al-Khaṭṭāb's grandfather Nufayl ibn Abdul Uzza arbitrated in a dispute between 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib and Ḥarb ibn Umayyah, Abu Sufyan's father, over the custodianship of the Kaaba  Nufayl gave his verdict in favour of 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib  Addressing Ḥarb ibn Umayyah, he said:
Why do you pick a quarrel with a person who is taller than you in stature; more imposing than you in appearance; more refined than you in intellect; whose progeny outnumbers yours and whose generosity outshines yours in lustre? Do not, however, construe this into any disparagement of your good qualities which I highly appreciate  You are as gentle as a lamb, you are renowned throughout Arabia for the stentorian tones of your voice, and you are an asset to your tribe 

Discovery of Zam Zam Well
'Abdul-Muṭṭalib said that while sleeping in the sacred enclosure, he had dreamed he was ordered to dig at the worship place of the Quraysh between the two deities Isāf and Nā'ila  There he would find the Zamzam Well, which the Jurhum tribe had filled in when they left Mecca  The Quraysh tried to stop him digging in that spot, but his son Al-Ḥārith stood guard until they gave up their protests  After three days of digging, 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib found traces of an ancient religious well and exclaimed, "Allahuakbar!" Some of the Quraysh disputed his claim to sole rights over water, then one of them suggested that they go to a female shaman who lived afar  It was said that she could summon jinns and that she could help them decide who was the owner of the well  So, 11 people from the 11 tribes went on the expedition  They had to cross the desert to meet the priestess but then they got lost  There was a lack of food and water and people started to lose hope of ever getting out  One of them suggested that they dig their own graves and if they died, the last person standing would bury the others  So all began digging their own graves and just as Abdul-Muṭṭalib started digging, water spewed out from the hole he dug and everyone became overjoyed  It was then and there decided that Abdul-Muttalib was the owner of the Zam Zam well  Thereafter he supplied pilgrims to the Kaaba with Zam Zam water, which soon eclipsed all the other wells in Mecca because it was considered sacred : 86–89 : 62–65

The Year of the Elephant
According to Muslim tradition, the Ethiopian governor of Yemen, Abrahah al-Ashram, envied the Kaaba's reverence among the Arabs and, being a Christian, he built a cathedral on Sana'a and ordered pilgrimage be made there : 21  The order was ignored and someone desecrated (some saying in the form of defecation: 696 note 35 ) the cathedral  Abrahah decided to avenge this act by demolishing the Kaaba and he advanced with an army towards Mecca : 22–23 There were thirteen elephants in Abrahah's army: 99 : 26  and the year came to be known as 'Ām al-Fīl (the Year of the Elephant), beginning a trend for reckoning the years in Arabia which was used until 'Umar ibn Al-Khaṭṭāb replaced it with the Islamic Calendar in 638 CE (17 AH), with the first year of the Islamic Calendar being 622 CE 
When news of the advance of Abrahah's army came, the Arab tribes of Quraysh, Kinānah, Khuzā'ah and Hudhayl united in defence of the Kaaba  A man from the Ḥimyar tribe was sent by Abrahah to advise them that he only wished to demolish the Kaaba and if they resisted, they would be crushed  "Abdul-Muṭṭalib told the Meccans to seek refuge in the nearest high hills while he, with some leading members of Quraysh, remained within the precincts of the Kaaba  Abrahah sent a dispatch inviting 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib to meet him and discuss matters  When 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib left the meeting he was heard saying, "The Owner of this House is its Defender, and I am sure He will save it from the attack of the adversaries and will not dishonour the servants of His House ": 24–26 It is recorded that when Abrahah's forces neared the Kaaba, Allah commanded small birds (abābīl) to destroy Abrahah's army, raining down pebbles on it from their beaks  Abrahah was seriously wounded and retreated towards Yemen but died on the way : 26–27  This event is referred to in the following Qur'anic chapter:

Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the owners of the Elephant?
Did He not make their treacherous plan go astray?

And He sent against them birds in flocks, striking them with stones of baked clay, so He rendered them like straw eaten up 
Most Islamic sources place the event around the year that Muhammad was born, 570 CE, though other scholars place it one or two decades earlier  A tradition attributed to Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri in the musannaf of ʽAbd al-Razzaq al-Sanʽani places it before the birth of Muhammad's father 

Sacrificing his son Abdullah
Al-Harith was 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib's only son at the time he dug the Zamzam Well : 64  When the Quraysh tried to help him in the digging, he vowed that if he were to have ten sons to protect him, he would sacrifice one of them to Allah at the Kaaba  Later, after nine more sons had been born to him, he told them he must keep the vow  The divination arrows fell upon his favourite son Abdullah  The Quraysh protested 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib's intention to sacrifice his son and demanded that he sacrifice something else instead  'Abdul-Muṭṭalib agreed to consult a "sorceress with a familiar spirit"  She told him to cast lots between Abdullah and ten camels  If Abdullah were chosen, he had to add ten more camels, and keep on doing the same until his Lord accepted the camels in Abdullah's place  When the number of camels reached 100, the lot fell on the camels  'Abdul-Muṭṭalib confirmed this by repeating the test three times  Then the camels were sacrificed, and Abdullah was spared : 66–68

Family
Wives
Abd al-Muttalib had six known wives 

Sumra bint Jundab of the Hawazin tribe 
Lubnā bint Hājar of the Khuza'a tribe 
Fatima bint Amr of the Makhzum clan of the Quraysh tribe 
Halah bint Wuhayb of the Zuhrah clan of the Quraysh tribe 
Natīla bint Janab of the Namir tribe 
Mumanna'a bint Amr of the Khuza'a tribe 

Children
According to Ibn Hisham, ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib had ten sons and six daughters : 707–708 note 97  However, Ibn Sa'd lists twelve sons : 99–101 By Sumra bint Jundab:

Al-Ḥārith : 708  He was the firstborn and he died before his father : 99 
Quthum : 100  He is not listed by Ibn Hisham By Fatima bint Amr:

Al-Zubayr : 707  He was a poet and a chief; his father made a will in his favour : 99  He died before Islam, leaving two sons and daughters : 101 : 34–35 
Abu Talib, born as Abd Manaf,: 99 : 707  father of the future Caliph Ali  He later became chief of the Hashim clan 
Abdullah, the father of Muhammad : 99 : 707 
Umm Hakim al-Bayda,: 100 : 707  the maternal grandmother of the third Caliph Uthman : 32 
Barra,: 100 : 707  the mother of Abu Salama : 33 
Arwa : 100 : 707 
Atika,: 100 : 707  a wife of Abu Umayya ibn al-Mughira : 31 
Umayma,: 100 : 707  the mother of Zaynab bint Jahsh and Abd Allah ibn Jahsh : 33 By Lubnā bint Hājar:

Abd al-'Uzzā, better known as Abū Lahab : 100 : 708 By Halah bint Wuhayb:

Ḥamza,: 707  the first big leader of Islam  He killed many leaders of the kufar and was considered as the strongest man of the quraysh  He was martyred at Uhud : 100 
Ṣafīyya : 100 : 707 
Al-Muqawwim : 707  He married Qilaba bint Amr ibn Ju'ana ibn Sa'd al-Sahmia, and had children named Abd Allah, Bakr, Hind, Arwa, and Umm Amr (Qutayla or Amra) 
Hajl : 707  He married Umm Murra bint Abi Qays ibn Abd Wud, and had two sons, named Abd Allah, Ubayd Allah, and three daughters named Murra, Rabi'a, and Fakhita By Natīlah bint Khubāb:

al-'Abbas,: 100 : 707  ancestor of the Abbasid caliphs 
Ḍirār,: 707  who died before Islam : 100 
Jahl, died before Islam
Imran, died before IslamBy Mumanna'a bint 'Amr:

Mus'ab, who, according to Ibn Saad, was the one known as al-Ghaydāq : 100  He is not listed by Ibn Hisham 
Al-Ghaydaq, died before Islam 
Abd al-Ka'ba, died before Islam : 100 
Al-Mughira,: 100  who had the byname al-Ghaydaq 

The family tree and some of his important descendants
Death
Abdul Muttalib's son 'Abdullāh died four months before Muḥammad's birth, after which Abdul Muttalib took care of his daughter-in-law Āminah  One day Muhammad's mother, Amina, wanted to go to Yathrib, where her husband, Abdullah, died  So, Muhammad, Amina, Abd al-Muttalib and their caretaker, Umm Ayman started their journey to Medina, which is around 500 kilometres away from Makkah  They stayed there for three weeks, then, started their journey back to Mecca  But, when they reached halfway, at Al-Abwa', Amina became very sick and died six years after her husband's death  She was buried over there  From then, Muhammad became an orphan  Abd al-Muttalib became very sad for Muhammad because he loved him so much  Abd al-Muttalib took care of Muhammad  But when Muhammad was eight years old, the very old Abd al-Muttalib became very sick and died at age 81-82 in 578-579 CE 
Shaybah ibn Hāshim's grave can be found in the Jannat al-Mu'allā cemetery in Makkah, Saudi Arabia 

See also
Family tree of Muhammad
Family tree of Shaiba ibn Hashim
Sahaba
Passage 3:
Mark Getty
Sir Mark Harris Getty  (born 9 July 1960) is an Irish businessman who is the co-founder and chairman of Getty Images 

Life and career
A member of the prominent Getty family, he is the younger son of John Paul Getty Jr  and his first wife, Gail Harris  Getty was born in Rome, Italy  He attended Taunton School in England and later studied Philosophy and Politics at St Catherine's College, Oxford Getty began his career at securities firm Kidder, Peabody & Co  in New York City and then joined Hambros Bank Ltd in London  In 1993, he drove his family's founding investment in andBeyond, the world's leading ecotourism business, and still acts as chairman of the business In 1994, he co-founded the photographic agency Getty Images with Jonathan Klein  Getty Images is the world's leading supplier of imagery for the media, corporate, and advertising sectors  In 2003, he inherited Wormsley Park from his father  In 2008, Getty became chairman of the trustees of the National Gallery in London, a post he held until 2016  In 2017, Getty became chairman of the British School at Rome 
Passage 4:
John Paul Getty Jr 
Sir Paul Getty  (; born Eugene Paul Getty; 7 September 1932 – 17 April 2003), known widely as John Paul Getty Jr , was a British philanthropist and book collector  He was the third of five sons born to J  Paul Getty (1892–1976), one of the richest men in the world at the time  His mother was J  Paul Getty's fourth wife, Ann Rork  The Getty family's wealth was the result of the oil business founded by George Franklin Getty  One of his sons, Mark Getty, co-founded the visual media company Getty Images 
At birth, he was given the name Eugene Paul Getty, but in later life, he adopted other names, including Paul Getty, John Paul Getty, Jean Paul Getty Jr  and John Paul Getty II  In 1973, his son John Paul Getty III was held captive in Italy, as J  Paul Getty refused to pay a ransom  In 1986, he was awarded an honorary knighthood for services to causes ranging from cricket, to art and to the Conservative Party  His honorary knighthood would eventually become substantive upon the required acquisition of British citizenship  A long-time Anglophile, he became a British citizen in 1997  In 1998, he changed his name by deed poll when he renounced the first name Eugene and wished to be known as Sir Paul Getty KBE 

Early life
John Paul Jr  was born on board ship in the waters near Genoa, Italy, on 7 September 1932, while his parents Ann and J  Paul Getty were travelling  His birth was registered at La Spezia with the name Eugenio Paul Getty, when the Italian notary misheard the name John  He would legally alter his name with the Italian authorities to John Paul in 1958 He was initially raised in Los Angeles, California, United States  His parents' marriage was troubled by J  Paul's long absences abroad and his emotional distance  Ann Getty divorced J  Paul Getty Sr  in 1936 in Reno, Nevada, claiming emotional cruelty and neglect  She was awarded $1,000 per month in child support for each of her sons, Paul Jr  and Gordon In 1938, Ann married her third husband, Joseph Stanton McInerney, and the family moved to San Francisco  Paul Jr  attended St  Ignatius College Preparatory and the University of San Francisco, both Jesuit schools  Throughout his adolescence, he showed a great interest in reading and music, encouraged by his mother  In 1950 he was drafted to serve in the Korean War, spending the duration working at the American headquarters in Seoul, South Korea  After he was discharged he met Abigail Harris, the daughter of a prominent San Franciscan federal judge, and the two were married in early 1956  His first child, John Paul Getty III was born in November 1956  The following year he approached his brother Gordon, vice-president of the Getty subsidiary Tidewater Petroleum, asking for a job  His brother gave him a job pumping gas at a Tidewater gas station in Marin County  After a year, his father, whom he had not seen in 12 years, was favourably impressed enough to invite his family and him to Paris, where he offered Paul Jr  a job as president of Getty Oil's Italian subsidiary, Getty Oil Italiana, in Rome 

Marriages
His first marriage was to Abigail "Gail" Harris, a former water polo champion  They divorced in 1964, having had four children including John Paul Getty III and Mark Getty 
His second marriage was to the Dutch actress, model and style icon Talitha Pol, stepdaughter of painter Augustus John's daughter Poppet, on 10 December 1966  The two posed for an iconic photograph on a roof-top in Marrakesh, Morocco in January 1969  The photo, taken by Patrick Lichfield, shows Talitha Getty crouched down leaning on a wall and her husband in the background in a hooded djellaba and sunglasses  The photo appeared in American Vogue and again in the September 1999 issue of American Vogue and is part of the collection of the National Portrait Gallery in London  Two and a half years after the photo was taken, Talitha died of a heroin overdose on 11 July 1971  She was survived by her son with Getty, Tara Gabriel Gramophone Galaxy Getty (born June 1968), an ecological conservationist in Africa  In 1994, he married for the third time to Victoria Holdsworth 

Personal problems
After he married Talitha in 1966, the couple became immersed in the counterculture of the 1960s, living between Rome, Italy, and Marrakesh, Morocco  During a trip to Thailand, the couple developed serious heroin addictions  When Getty Sr , who abhorred taking drugs of any kind, heard of his son's addiction, he insisted on his becoming sober  Paul Jr  refused and tendered his resignation from Getty Oil Italiana  The couple lived off his income from the family trust, which amounted to $100,000 a year  In 1969, he and Talitha separated as she decided to focus on becoming sober  He purchased No  16 Cheyne Walk in Chelsea, London, where the Victorian artist Dante Gabriel Rossetti had lived in the 1860s, for Talitha and their son, Tara, to live in, while he remained in Rome 

Death of Talitha
After living apart for several years, Talitha, who was sober at the time, asked Paul Jr  for a divorce in early 1971  Still in love with his wife, he insisted that she come to Rome and try for a reconciliation  When her lawyer advised her that divorce proceedings would be easier if she could show that she had attempted reconciliation with Paul, she left for Rome on 9 July  On the morning of 11 July 1971, she was found dead in the Getty apartment in Piazza d'Aracoeli  The autopsy ruled that she had alcohol and barbiturates in her system, but rumours flared up that she had suffered a heroin relapse while spending time with Getty, who was still embroiled in his addiction In December 1971, Italian authorities announced that an inquest would be held into Talitha's death the following March  They requested Getty meet with investigators to describe the circumstances surrounding her death  Afraid his own drug addiction would result in his being indicted and potentially imprisoned, Getty left for England  He ignored a subsequent request by an Italian judge to return to Italy for the inquest  Neither an arrest warrant nor an extradition request was ever issued since Getty was not a suspect in Talitha's death, but he never returned to Italy for fear of being detained 

Son's kidnapping
After his second wife's death, Getty became reclusive for a time and his heroin addiction worsened, fueled by guilt over his wife's death 
In Rome on 10 July 1973, 'Ndrangheta kidnappers abducted Getty's 16-year-old son, John Paul Getty III, and demanded a $17 million (equivalent to $112 million in 2022) payment for his safe return  However, the family suspected a ploy by the rebellious teenager to extract money from his miserly grandfather  Getty Jr  asked his father J  Paul Getty for the money, but was refused, arguing that his 13 other grandchildren could also become kidnap targets if he paid In November 1973, an envelope containing a lock of hair and a human ear arrived at a daily newspaper  The second demand had been delayed three weeks by an Italian postal strike  The demand threatened that Paul would be further mutilated unless the victims paid $3 2 million  The demand stated "This is Paul's ear  If we don't get some money within 10 days, then the other ear will arrive  In other words, he will arrive in little bits "When the kidnappers finally reduced their demands to $3 million, J  Paul Getty agreed to pay no more than $2 2 million (equivalent to $14 5 million in 2022), the maximum that would be tax-deductible  He lent Getty Jr  the remaining $800,000 at four percent interest  Getty's grandson was found alive on 15 December 1973, in a Lauria filling station, in the province of Potenza, shortly after the ransom was paid   Nine people associated with 'Ndrangheta were later arrested for the kidnapping, but only two were convicted  Getty III was permanently affected by the trauma and became a drug addict  After a stroke brought on by a cocktail of drugs and alcohol in 1981, Getty III was rendered speechless, nearly blind and partially paralyzed for the rest of his life  He died on 5 February 2011, at the age of 54 Nine of the kidnappers were apprehended, including Girolamo Piromalli and Saverio Mammoliti, high-ranking members of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia organization in Calabria  Two of the kidnappers were convicted and sent to prison; the others were acquitted for lack of evidence, including the 'Ndrangheta bosses  Most of the ransom money was never recovered 

Later life
Following his father's death in 1976, Getty spent the next decade suffering from depression and checked himself into The London Clinic in 1984  While there, he received a visit from Margaret Thatcher, who at the time was Prime Minister, to thank him for large donations to the National Gallery  During a low period in the 1970s, Getty was cheered up by former England cricketer and later president of the MCC, Gubby Allen, having previously been introduced to the game by Mick Jagger of the Rolling Stones Paul III struggled with PTSD from his kidnapping and with alcohol and drugs  In April 1981, he suffered a drug overdose which left him paralyzed and almost blind  The following November, his mother Gail sued her ex-husband for $25,000 per month to support their son's medical expenses  Despite earning more than $20 million a year from his family trust, Paul II refused to pay for the treatment, leaving his brother, Gordon, to pay his nephew's expenses  The litigation judge who allowed the case to go to trial scolded Paul Jr : "Mr  Getty should be ashamed of himself spending far more money on court obligations than living up to his moral duties " Claiming that he doubted the severity of his son's debilitation, Getty sent his lawyer to Los Angeles to confirm it and finally agreed to pay the costs 

Wormsley Park
During his nine-month stint in The London Clinic, Getty purchased a dilapidated country estate west of London, Wormsley Park, on the advice of his close friend Christopher Gibbs  After his release in March 1986, he devoted himself to remodeling the 18th-century mansion and restoring the 3,000 acres of parkland  This included the creation of a deer park, the reforestation of 1,500 acres of beechwood forest, and the dredging of a man-made four-acre lake with water tapped from an aquifer 400 feet below ground  Along with the restoration of the Georgian mansion house, Getty added a castle-like addition made of local flint built to house his extensive library, an indoor heated pool, and a replica of The Oval cricket ground  To house his disabled son, he had an accessible cottage built near the pool, from where he could do his water rehabilitation exercises  The six-year project cost an estimated £60 million At Wormsley, Getty hosted his estranged family and improved his relations with his children and ex-wife  To inaugurate his professional cricket ground, Getty hosted a match in September 1992 captained by Imran Khan and Bob Wyatt, with the Prime Minister, John Major and Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother as his guests of honour  His eponymous cricket eleven comprised cricketing stars of both past and present assembled by his honorary cricket managers, Brian Johnston (1992–1993) and Colin Ingleby-Mackenzie (1994–2006) 

Philanthropy
Getty donated more than £140m to artistic and cultural causes from which the National Gallery received £50m  He was appointed Knight of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in 1987, but as a foreign national could not use the title "Sir"  In December 1997, Getty was granted British citizenship and renounced his US nationality  The Queen reportedly commented: "Now you can use your title  Isn't that nice?"Getty served as president of Surrey County Cricket Club and gave money to Lord's Cricket Ground to build a new stand  He combined his loves of cricket and books when he purchased the ownership of Wisden, the famous publishers of the cricketing almanack  Getty built an extraordinary library at Wormsley, collecting such treasures as a first edition of Chaucer, Ben Jonson's annotated copy of Spenser, and Shakespeare Folios  He was a notable member of the exclusive Roxburghe Club, famous among book collectors His personal fortune was estimated at £1 6 billion  His donations included support for the National Gallery, the British Museum, the British Film Institute, Hereford Cathedral, St Paul's Cathedral, the Imperial War Museum, and St  James Catholic Church  Some of his donations, including contributions toward the purchases of Canova's The Three Graces by The National Galleries of Scotland and the Madonna of the Pinks by Raphael, foiled acquisition efforts by the J  Paul Getty Museum endowed by his father  In June 2001, Getty gave £5 million to the Conservative Party  He endowed a £20 million charitable trust to support the arts, conservation and social welfare 

Death
Getty died at age 70 on 17 April 2003, having been admitted for treatment to The London Clinic for a chest infection 

Media portrayals
Getty Jr  is portrayed by Andrew Buchan in the action film All the Money in the World and by Michael Esper  in the television series Trust, both of which dramatize Getty III's kidnapping 
Passage 5:
Fred Le Deux
Frederick David Le Deux (born 4 December 1934) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Geelong in the Victorian Football League (VFL)  He is the grandfather of Tom Hawkins 

Early life
Le Deux grew up in Nagambie and attended Assumption College, after which he went to Bendigo to study teaching 

Football
While a student at Bendigo Teachers' Training College, Le Deux played for the Sandhurst Football Club  He then moved to Ocean Grove to take up a teaching position and in 1956 joined Geelong A follower and defender, Le Deux made 18 appearances for Geelong over three seasons, from 1956 to 1958 He was troubled by a back injury in 1958, which kept him out of the entire 1959 VFL season In 1960 he joined Victorian Football Association club Mordialloc, as he had transferred to a local technical school 

Family
Le Deux's daughter Jennifer was married to former Geelong player Jack Hawkins  Jennifer died in 2015  Their son, Tom Hawkins, currently plays for Geelong 
Passage 6:
John Mackay (poet)
John Mackay (Scottish Gaelic: Iain (Dall) MacAoidh; 1656–1754), known as Am Pìobaire Dall (The Blind Piper), was a Scottish Gaelic poet and composer, and the grandfather of William Ross 
Passage 7:
Zhao Shoushan
Zhao Shoushan (simplified Chinese: 赵寿山; traditional Chinese: 趙壽山; pinyin: Zhào Shòushān; 12 November 1894 – 20 June 1965) was a KMT general and later Chinese Communist Party politician  He is the grandfather of Zhao Leji 

Career
Zhao Shoushan was born in Hu County, Shaanxi in 1894  After the foundation of the People's Republic of China, Zhao was the CCP Chairman of Qinghai and Governor of Shaanxi 

External links
(in Chinese) Biography of Zhao Shoushan, Shaanxi Daily July 9, 2006 
Passage 8:
Kaya Alp
Kaya Alp (Ottoman Turkish: قایا الپ, lit  'Brave Rock') was, according to Ottoman tradition, the son of Kızıl Buğa or Basuk and the father of Suleyman Shah  He was the grandfather of Ertuğrul Ghazi, the father of the founder of the Ottoman Empire, Osman I  He was also famously known for being the successing name of Ertokus Bey’s son Kaya Alp  He was a descendant of the ancestor of his tribe, Kayı son of Gun son of Oghuz Khagan, the legendary progenitor of the Oghuz Turks 
Passage 9:
Lyon Cohen
Lyon Cohen (born Yehuda Leib Cohen; May 11, 1868 – August 17, 1937) was a Polish-born Canadian businessman and a philanthropist  He was the grandfather of singer/poet Leonard Cohen 

Biography
Cohen was born in Congress Poland, part of the Russian Empire, to a Jewish family on May 11, 1868  He immigrated to Canada with his parents in 1871  He was educated at the McGill Model School and the Catholic Commercial Academy in Montreal  In 1888, he entered the firm of Lee & Cohen in Montreal; later became partner with his father in the firm of L  Cohen & Son; in 1895, he established W  R  Cuthbert & Co; in 1900, he organized the Canadian Improvement Co , a dredging contractor; in 1906, he founded The Freedman Co  in Montreal; and in May 1919, he organized and became President of Canadian Export Clothiers, Ltd   The Freedman Company went on to become one of Montreal’s largest clothing companies In 1897, Cohen and Samuel William Jacobs founded the Canadian Jewish Times, the first English-language Jewish newspaper in Canada  The newspaper promoted the Canadianization of recent East European Jewish immigrants and encouraged their acceptance of Canadian customs as Cohen felt that the old world customs of immigrant Jews were one of the main causes of anti-Semitism  In 1914, the paper was purchased by Hirsch Wolofsky, owner of the Yiddish-language Keneder Adler, who transformed it into the Canadian Jewish Chronicle He died on August 17, 1937, at the age of 69 

Philanthropy
Cohen was elected the first president of the Canadian Jewish Congress in 1919 and organized the Jewish Immigrant Aid Services of Canada  Cohen was also a leader of the Young Men’s Hebrew Benevolent Society (later the Baron de Hirsch Institute) and the United Talmud Torahs, a Jewish day school in Montreal  He also served as president of Congregation Shaar Hashomayim and president of the Jewish Colonization Association in Canada 

Personal life
Cohen married Rachel Friedman of Montreal on February 17, 1891  She was the founder and President of Jewish Endeavour Sewing School  They had three sons and one daughter:

Nathan Bernard Cohen, who served as a lieutenant in the World War; he married Lithuanian Jewish immigrant Masha Klonitsky and they had one daughter and one son:
Esther Cohen and
singer/poet Leonard Cohen 
Horace Rives Cohen, who was a captain and quartermaster of his battalion in World War I;
Lawrence Zebulun Cohen, student at McGill University, and
Sylvia Lillian Cohen 
Passage 10:
John Westley
Rev  John Wesley (1636–78) was an English nonconformist minister  He was the grandfather of John Wesley (founder of Methodism) 

Life
John Wesly (his own spelling), Westley, or Wesley was probably born at Bridport, Dorset, although some authorities claim he was born in Devon, the son of the Rev  Bartholomew Westley and Ann Colley, daughter of Sir Henry Colley of Carbery Castle in County Kildare, Ireland  He was educated at Dorchester Grammar School and as a student of New Inn Hall, Oxford, where he matriculated on 23 April 1651, and graduated B A  on 23 January 1655, and M A  on 4 July 1657  After his appointment as an evangelist, he preached at Melcombe Regis, Radipole, and other areas in Dorset  Never episcopally ordained, he was approved by Oliver Cromwell's Commission of Triers in 1658 and appointed Vicar of Winterborne Whitechurch The report of his interview in 1661 with Gilbert Ironside the elder, his diocesan, according to Alexander Gordon writing in the Dictionary of National Biography, shows him to have been an Independent  He was imprisoned for not using the Book of Common Prayer, imprisoned again and ejected in 1662  After the Conventicle Act 1664 he continued to preach in small gatherings at Preston and then Poole, until his death at Preston in 1678 

Family
He married a daughter of John White, who was related also to Thomas Fuller  White, the "Patriarch of Dorchester", married a sister of Cornelius Burges  Westley's eldest son was Timothy (born 1659)  Their second son was Rev  Samuel Wesley, a High Church Anglican vicar and the father of John and Charles Wesley  A younger son, Matthew Wesley, remained a nonconformist, became a London apothecary, and died on 10 June 1737, leaving a son, Matthew, in India; he provided for some of his brother Samuel's daughters 

Notes
Additional sources
Matthews, A  G , "Calamy Revised", Oxford University Press, 1934, page 521  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Wesley, Samuel (1662-1735)"  Dictionary of National Biography  London: Smith, Elder & Co  1885–1900 
Context 2: Passage 1:
Keith Baxter (actor)
Keith Baxter (born 29 April 1933) is a Welsh theatre, film and television actor 

Early years and RADA
Born in Newport, Monmouthshire, in 1933, the son of a Merchant Navy sea captain, he was christened Keith Stanley Baxter-Wright and lived for a time in Romilly Road, Barry, Glamorgan  He was educated at Newport High School and Barry Grammar School  His early introduction to the stage was from his interest in making model theatres and stage scenery  He studied at London's Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts, during which period he shared a flat with a classmate, Alan Bates  He made his film debut in the 1957 remake of The Barretts of Wimpole Street and appeared uncredited as a detective in the British horror classic Peeping Tom (1960) 

Films
In 1960, Orson Welles selected Baxter to portray Prince Hal in his stage production Chimes at Midnight, which combined portions of the Shakespearean plays Henry IV, Part I, Henry IV, Part II, Henry V, Richard II, and The Merry Wives of Windsor and brought the comic figure of Falstaff to the forefront of a primarily tragic tale  Baxter repeated his performance in the 1965 film version  Additional film credits include Ash Wednesday (1973; with Elizabeth Taylor), Golden Rendezvous (1977), and Killing Time (1998) 

Broadway
In 1961, Baxter made his Broadway debut as King Henry VIII in A Man for All Seasons  Other New York City stage credits include The Affair (1962), Avanti! (1968), Sleuth (1970), Romantic Comedy (1980) and The Woman in Black (2001) 

Other selected theatrical appearances
Macbeth, Birmingham Repertory Theatre, Birmingham, England, 1972
Vershinin, Three Sisters, Greenwich Theatre, London, 1973
Benedick, Much Ado about Nothing, Royal Lyceum Theatre, Edinburgh, Scotland, 1973
Antony, Antony and Cleopatra, Stratford Festival Theatre, Stratford, Ontario, 1976
Witwoud, The Way of the World, Stratford Festival Theatre, 1976
Vershinin, Three Sisters, Stratford Festival Theatre, 1976
King, The Red Devil Battery Sign, Round House Theatre, then Phoenix Theatre, both London, 1977
Lord Illingworth, A Woman of No Importance, Chichester Festival Theatre, 1978
Antony, Antony and Cleopatra, Young Vic Theatre, London, 1982
Elyot, Private Lives, Aldwych Theatre, London, 1990
Cassius, Julius Caesar, Hartford Stage Company, 1990-1991
The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui, Chichester and The Duchess Theatre, 2013

Directing
The Red Devil Battery Sign, Roundhouse and Phoenix Theatre, 1977
Time and the Conways, 1988–89
Rope, Chichester Festival Theatre then Wyndham's Theatre, 1994
Dangerous Corner, Chichester Festival Theatre, 1994, and Whitehall Theatre, 1995
Gaslight
After October, 1996–97
SilhouetteBaxter has regularly directed shows at Shakespeare Theatre Company in Washington D C , including:
The Country Wife (2000)
The Rivals (2003)
Lady Windermere's Fan (2003)
The Imaginary Invalid (2008)
The Rivals (2009)
Mrs  Warren's Profession (2010)
An Ideal Husband (2011)
The Importance of Being Earnest

Cleopatra
Baxter was signed for the role of Octavian "Augustus" Caesar opposite Elizabeth Taylor's Cleopatra in the 1963 film of Cleopatra  Taylor's bout of pneumonia, soon after filming began, temporarily shut down filming  By the time she recovered, Baxter had other commitments and Roddy McDowall assumed the role  Baxter co-starred with Taylor in the film Ash Wednesday (1973)  He also later played Mark Antony opposite Maggie Smith's Cleopatra in Antony and Cleopatra at the Stratford Festival in Canada in 1976 

Television work
Baxter's television work includes appearances in Gideon's Way, The Avengers, Hawaii Five-O, Thriller(1976) and the 1998 mini-series Merlin 

Other work
Baxter is the author of My Sentiments Exactly, memoirs  He has written several plays including 56 Duncan Terrace, Cavell and Barnaby and the Old Boys 
In 1971, he recorded an LP of several of the short stories of Saki for Caedmon Records under the title Reginald on House-Parties, and Other Stories He is an associate member of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art

Theatre awards
1962 Theatre World Award for A Man for All Seasons
1971 Drama Desk Award for Sleuth

Filmography
Film
Television
Passage 2:
Helge Schneider
Helge Schneider (born 30 August 1955 in Mülheim an der Ruhr) is a German entertainer, comedian, musician, author, film and theatre director, and actor  He frequently appears on German television and is probably best known for his song "Katzeklo" (Kitty Litter Box): "Katzeklo, Katzeklo, ja das macht die Katze froh" ("Kitty litter tray, kitty litter tray, that's what makes the kitty gay [happy] "), which spent 17 weeks on the German music charts in 1994, peaking at number 13 

Discography
1987: The Last Jazz
1989: Seine größten Erfolge (His greatest hits)
1990: New York, I'm Coming
1991: Hörspiele Vol 1 (1979–1984) (Radio dramas)
1992: Hörspiele Vol 2 (1985–1987)
1992: Guten Tach (Hello there)
1993: Es gibt Reis, Baby (We're gonna have some rice, baby)
1995: Es rappelt im Karton (Rumble in the cardboard box)
1997: Da Humm
1998: Helge 100% live – The Berlin Tapes (live album)
1999: Eiersalat in Rock (Egg salad in rock, released as Helge and the Firefuckers)
1999: Jazz (& Hardcore)
2000: Hefte raus – Klassenarbeit! (live album; Workbooks out – exam time!)
2003: Out of Kaktus!
2004: Füttern verboten (live album; Please don't feed)
2007: I Brake Together (a complex German-English wordplay: The German expression for I am collapsing (Ich breche zusammen) can be literally translated as I break (not: brake) together)
2007: Akopalüze Nau (live album; parody of "Apocalypse Now")
2013: Sommer, Sonne, Kaktus (Summer, sun, cactus)
2014: Live at the Grugahalle – 20 Jahre Katzeklo (Evolution!) (live album)
2017: Heart Attack No  1 (feat  Pete York)
2019: Partypeople (beim Fleischer) (Partypeople (At the Butcher))
2020: Mama

Filmography
As director
1982: The Privatier (not published)
1987: Stangenfieber (Stick fever)
1993: Texas – Doc Snyder hält die Welt in Atem (Texas – Doc Snyder sets the world aghast)
1994: 00 Schneider – Jagd auf Nihil Baxter (00 Schneider – The hunt for Nihil Baxter)
1996: Praxis Dr  Hasenbein (Dr  Hareleg's Practice)
2004: Jazzclub – Der frühe Vogel fängt den Wurm (Jazzclub – the early bird catches the worm)
2013: 00 Schneider – Im Wendekreis der Eidechse (The Tropic of Gecko)

As actor
1986: Johnny Flash as Johnny Flash
1994: Felidae as Jesaja (voice only)
2004: 7 Dwarves – Men Alone in the Wood as "The White (or Wise) Helge"
2004: Traumschiff Surprise – Periode 1 (singing)
2007: Mein Führer – Die wirklich wahrste Wahrheit über Adolf Hitler as Adolf Hitler
Passage 3:
Beryl Baxter
Beryl Baxter (8 April 1926 - 29 November 2012) was a British film actress whose career spanned the 1940s to the 1970s 

Early and personal life
Beryl Ivory was born in Birmingham, England on 8 April 1926  Adopting the stage name Beryl Baxter, she had hopes of becoming the new Margaret Lockwood  She made her film debut in 1948, taking a leading role in Idol of Paris  She married Bernard Gross in 1952 

Filmography
The Idol of Paris – Theresa (1948)
The Man Who Disappeared – Doreen (1951)
Counterspy – (uncredited; 1953)
The Mayerling Affair – Princess Stephanie (1956)
Encounter (TV series) – Pamela Brooks (one episode: "Depth 300"; 1958)
Charles Tupper: The Big Man – (1961)
The Avengers (TV series) – Helen Rayner (one episode: "The Outside-In Man"; 1964)
The Protectors  – Miss  Nicholson (one episode: "The Stamp Collection"; 1964)
Undermind (TV series) – Veronica (one episode: "End Signal"; 1965)
Love Story (TV series) – Ivy Burns (one episode: "The Sad Smile of the Mona Lisa"; 1965)
Thirteen Against Fate –  Madame Fabien (one episode, entitled 'The Son') (1966)
Detective (TV Series) – Mrs  Stephenson (one episode, entitled 'The Public School Murder') (1969)
Crime of Passion (TV series) – Mme  Juhan (episode: "Magdalena"; 1971)
Passage 4:
Darren Baxter (English footballer)
Darren Baxter (born 26 October 1981) is an English former professional footballer 

Playing career
Baxter was born in Brighton and began his football career as a trainee with Chelsea  He left Chelsea in the 2000–2001 season at the end of his three-year traineeship  On leaving Chelsea he joined Heart of Midlothian, but having missed the transfer deadline was restricted to playing for their reserve side 
He joined Worthing in the summer of 2001, but moved to St Albans City in March 2002, having played one match on loan for them in October 2001  In 2003, he played abroad in the USL Pro Select League with New York Freedom In 2004, he joined USL A-League side Toronto Lynx, making his debut for the club on 1 May 2004 in a match against the Rochester Rhinos in a 4–0 defeat  In his first season with the Lynx, Baxter recorded 4 goals and 2 assists, which ranked him third in scoring for the Lynx in his rookie season  When the season came to a conclusion he was awarded team's Best Offensive Player award  In 2005, Baxter was acquired by the Oakville Blue Devils in the Canadian Professional Soccer League after Duncan Wilde was appointed the new head coach  He made his debut for the club on 5 June 2005 in a 2–1 victory over the Vaughan Shooters  He helped Oakville finish second in the western conference allowing the club to clinch a playoff berth, which ultimately resulted in the club claiming the CPSL Championship 
On 18 April 2006 Baxter re-signing with the Lynx was announced in a press conference which revealed the 2006 team roster  He appeared in eight matches for the club in the 2006 season On 9 January 2007, he returned to England, joining Torquay United, making his debut as a half-time substitute for Chris McPhee in the 5–0 defeat away to Mansfield Town on 30 January 2007  However, this was to be his only appearance for Torquay, as along with Nathan Simpson, he left on 6 February 2007, having learnt that his initial one-month contract was not going to be renewed In October 2007, Baxter joined Dorchester Town on trial, scoring in a reserve game against Torquay United's reserve team 
Passage 5:
Charles Baxter (author)
Charles Morley Baxter  (born May 13, 1947) is an American novelist, essayist, and poet 

Biography
Baxter was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, to John and Mary Barber (Eaton) Baxter  He graduated from Macalester College in Saint Paul in 1969  In 1974 he received his PhD in English from the University at Buffalo with a thesis on Djuna Barnes, Malcolm Lowry, and Nathanael West Baxter taught high school in Pinconning, Michigan for a year before beginning his university teaching career at Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan  He then moved to the University of Michigan, where for many years he directed the Creative Writing MFA program  He was a visiting professor of creative writing at the University of Iowa and at Stanford  He taught at the University of Minnesota and in the Warren Wilson College MFA Program for Writers  He retired in 2020  
He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1985  He received the PEN/Malamud Award in 2021 for Excellence in the Short Story He married teacher Martha Ann Hauser in 1976, and has a son, Daniel  Baxter and Hauser eventually separated 

Works
Novels
First Light (1987)  An eminent astrophysicist and her brother, a small-town Buick salesman, discover how they grew so far apart and the bonds of love that still keep them together 
Shadow Play (1993)  As his wife does gymnastics and magic tricks, his crazy mother invents her own vocabulary, and his aunt writes her own version of the Bible, Five Oaks Assistant City Manager Wyatt Palmer tries to live a normal life and nearly succeeds, but   
The Feast of Love (2000) (Pantheon Books), a reimagined Midsummer Night's Dream, a story told through the eyes of several different people  Nominated for the National Book Award   A film version of the book, starring Morgan Freeman, Fred Ward and Greg Kinnear and directed by Robert Benton, was released in 2007 
Saul and Patsy (2003)  A teacher's marriage and identity are threatened by a dangerously obsessed teenage boy at his school 
The Soul Thief (2008)  A graduate student's complicated relationships lead to a disturbing case of identity theft, which ultimately leads the man to wonder if he really is who he thinks he is 
The Sun Collective (2020, Pantheon Books)  The lives of two very different couples—one retired, one in their twenties—intersect in Minneapolis around an anti-capitalist collective arguing for revolution, as an underground group of extremists wage war on the homeless 

Short story collections
Harmony of the World (1984)  Winner of the Associated Writing Programs Award 
Through the Safety Net (1985)
A Relative Stranger (1990)
Believers (1997)
Gryphon: New and Selected Stories (2011)
There's Something I Want You to Do: Stories (February 2015)

Non-fiction
Burning Down the House: Essays on Fiction (1997)
The Art of Subtext: Beyond Plot (2007)   Winner of the 2008 Minnesota Book Award for General Non-fiction 
Wonderlands: Essays on the Life of Literature (2022)

Poetry collections
Chameleon (1970)
The South Dakota Guidebook (1974)
Imaginary Paintings (1989)

Edited works
The Business of  Memory (1999)
Best New American Voices 2001 (2001)
Bringing the Devil to His Knees: The Craft of Fiction and the Writing Life (2001)
A William Maxwell Portrait: Memories and Appreciations (2004)
Passage 6:
Mike Baxter (athlete)
Michael Ian Baxter (born 1945), is a male retired international athlete and current coach 

Athletics career
Baxter finished fourth in the 1968 AAA Championships and finished runner-up in the 1969 Northern cross-country  He trained with Brendan Foster and was selected for Great Britain's team for the 1969 European Athletics Championships in Athens, and the 1971 European Athletics Championships in Helsinki 
He represented England in the 5,000 metres, at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, Scotland His best year came in 1971 when he became AAA National 5000m champion and competed in the 1971 European Athletics Championships  He was a member of the Leeds City Club 

Coaching
Since retiring from competitive racing he has coached athletes 
Passage 7:
Esther Baxter
Esther Baxter (born September 24, 1984) is an American model and actress 

Biography
Baxter rose to prominence after being featured in the music video for Petey Pablo's single "Freek-a-Leek" in 2004  Since then, she has appeared in several music videos, including Ludacris's "Number One Spot", Will Smith's "Switch", Nelly's "Shake Ya Tailfeather" and Kanye West's "The New Workout Plan"  In addition to video success, she has also been in a number of magazines, such as Smooth, VIBE, King, and XXL She has been dubbed "Miss Freek-a-Leek" due to her appearance in Petey Pablo's video As of August 2007, Baxter has retired from modeling and video shoots in order to attend college She was featured on the cover of King's September/October 2011 issue  In an interview, she spoke about her transition from modeling to acting She is of African-American, Norwegian, Puerto Rican, Cuban and Indian descent 

Personal life
She took a two-year hiatus to stay at home and raise her son, Cayden, from a previous relationship 

See also
Hip hop models
Passage 8:
Werner Abrolat
Werner Abrolat (15 August 1924 – 24 August 1997) was a German actor best known for his role as various characters in the West German crime-drama television series Tatort 
After a long career at provincial theatres in West-Germany Abrolat appeared in a number of Spaghetti Westerns in the mid-1960s, such as a member of Indio's gang in the 1965 Sergio Leone film For a Few Dollars More 
In the early 1970s he made a number of films as a voice actor providing the voice for the character of Tjure in Vicky the Viking  He played Polizeipräsident in 00 Schneider – Jagd auf Nihil Baxter (1994)  From the mid-1970s he mostly appeared in German films and German television until his death in 1997 

Filmography
Passage 9:
00 Schneider – Jagd auf Nihil Baxter
00 Schneider – Jagd auf Nihil Baxter (The Search for Nihil Baxter)  is a German comedy-film directed by Helge Schneider  It was released on 22 December 1994 
He wrote the script as well as the music, did film direction, and played the main character and several additional roles 

Plot
The funny clown Bratislav Metulskie is found dead in circus "Apollo"  The retired commissioner 00 Schneider is asked to assume control of the case  Schneider and his aged sidekick Körschgen investigate to find the murderer, Nihil Baxter, a passionate art collector who is a little nuts and does not cultivate social contacts at all  Commissioner Schneider investigates at the circus and pays Baxter a visit  Baxter makes up an alibi and claims that he was working on a painting when the murder took place  The Sidekick Körschgen finds out that the picture is an imitation  When Baxter tries to escape to Rio by plane after he stole a sculpture from the practice of Dr  Hasenbein, 00 Schneider and his sidekick are also on board  As they are incognito, they are able to arrest the criminal with the help of the world-famous "sniffer dog nose" pilot 

Main cast
Helge Schneider - 00 Schneider/Nihil Baxter/Professor Hasenbein/Johnny Flash
Helmut Körschgen - Körschgen
Andreas Kunze - Friend of 00 Schneider
Werner Abrolat - Chief of Police
Bratislav Metulskie - Metulskie
Guenther Kordas - Ringmaster
Passage 10:
Dillon Baxter
Dillon Baxter (born October 23, 1991) is a former American football running back and wide receiver 

Early years
Baxter prepped at Mission Bay Senior High School in San Diego, California, where he played quarterback, running back, and wide receiver as a senior  Mission Bay went 13–0 and won the CIF San Diego Division IV title in 2009  Baxter won the prestigious Silver Pigskin Trophy, awarded annually to San Diego County's most outstanding football player, chosen by KUSI television's Prep Pigskin Report  In addition, Baxter was a consensus High School All-American and also won the Hall Trophy  He chose to attend USC on an athletic scholarship 

College career
Baxter joined the University of Southern California in 2010  In November, he was ruled temporarily ineligible for accepting benefits from an NFLPA-certified agent, but was later reinstated 
On October 25, 2011, ESPN reported that Baxter had been taken off the USC football team, but was still enrolled at the university  Baxter then transferred to San Diego State University and was scheduled to miss the 2012 season due to NCAA transfer restrictions  On February 29, 2012, however, he has been dismissed from the SDSU football program for "various reasons" 
See 2012 Heart of America Athletic Conference football seasonIn May 2012, Baxter enrolled at Baker University, a small NAIA school in Baldwin City, Kansas 
In 2013, he rushed for 1025 yards on 205 carries 
A March 10, 2014 article in The San Diego Union-Tribune indicated that Baxter had matured and was preparing for the NFL 

Professional career
In 2014 Baxter was signed to the Seattle Seahawks' practice squad by Pete Carroll, the coach who formerly recruited him at USC, but he did not make the cut  Baxter also tried out for the Los Angeles Chargers 
On January 24, 2017, Baxter was released by the Arizona Rattlers of the Indoor Football League (IFL)  He was re-signed just two days later  He was released again on February 9, 2017 
Context 3: Passage 1:
Buck Lake (Alberta)
Buck Lake is a lake in Alberta; part of the North Saskatchewan River system 
The hamlet of Buck Lake is situated on the southwest shore of the lake  The Buck Lake-Calhoun's Bay Provincial Recreation Area, with campsites and water supply, is located on the central eastern shore  While the shoreline of Buck Lake is home to several developments, including Greystones and Oakes Bay on the north east arm, most of the shoreline remains undeveloped  The Buck Mountain Provincial Grazing Reserve is located on the north shoreline, and includes the outflow point of Bucklake Creek  Buck Lake is set amidst gently rolling hills in the County of Wetaskiwin, 105 km southwest of the city of Edmonton and 70 km north of the town of Rocky  Mountain House  Buck Lake is also home to the world famous “Blue Pearl”  The paddle boat ranked #1 in all of Buck Lake in 2020 and 2021 
Passage 2:
Howard Lake (Northwest Territories)
Howard Lake is a lake in the Northwest Territories, Canada 

See also
List of lakes in the Northwest Territories
Passage 3:
North Buck Lake (Alberta)
North Buck Lake is a lake in Alberta, Canada 
Passage 4:
Loon Lake, British Columbia
Loon Lake, British Columbia may refer to one of a number of lakes in this province of Canada with this precise name or to others with similar names 

Lakes with this name
Loon Lake, British Columbia (Lillooet Land District)
Loon Lake, British Columbia (Alberni Land District) 49 253333°N 124 699722°W﻿ / 49 253333; -124 699722
Loon Lake, British Columbia (Queen Charlotte Land District) 53 699722°N 132 095278°W﻿ / 53 699722; -132 095278
Loon Lake, British Columbia (Kamloops Division Yale Land District) 49 890556°N 120 536389°W﻿ / 49 890556; -120 536389
Loon Lake, British Columbia (Kootenay Land District) 49



ground_truth: Jean Paul Getty

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Where was the director of film 00 Schneider – Jagd Auf Nihil Baxter born?

The following are given passages.
Context 3: 713889°N 116 914722°W﻿ / 49 713889; -116 914722
Loon Lake, British Columbia (Osoyoos Division Yale Land District) 50 105°N 119 133889°W﻿ / 50 105; -119 133889
Loon Lake, British Columbia (Kootenay Land District) 49 113611°N 115 106389°W﻿ / 49 113611; -115 106389
Loon Lake, British Columbia (Kootenay Land District) 51 055833°N 116 805°W﻿ / 51 055833; -116 805
Loon Lake, British Columbia (New Westminster Land District) 49 31°N 122 588333°W﻿ / 49 31; -122 588333

Lakes with similar names
Upper Loon Lake, British Columbia (Lillooet Land District) 51 188611°N 121 037222°W﻿ / 51 188611; -121 037222
Big Loon Lake, British Columbia (Range 5 Coast Land District) 54



ground_truth: Mülheim an der Ruhr

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Are both Howard Lake (British Columbia) and North Buck Lake (Alberta) located in the same country?

The following are given passages.
Context 3: 764167°N 125 836667°W﻿ / 54 764167; -125 836667
Passage 5:
Howard Lake (Wright County, Minnesota)
Howard Lake is a lake in Wright County, in the U S  state of Minnesota Howard Lake was named for John Howard (prison reformer) (1726–1790), an English prison reformer of the 18th century 

See also
List of lakes in Minnesota
Passage 6:
Howard Lake (British Columbia)
Howard Lake is a lake in British Columbia, Canada  It is located approximately 50 km northeast of 100 Mile House 

External links
BC Adventure (Tourism)
Passage 7:
Howard Lake (Cook County, Minnesota)
Howard Lake is a lake in Cook County, Minnesota, in the United States Howard Lake was named for a local mining prospector 

See also
List of lakes in Minnesota
Passage 8:
Howard Lake (Mendocino County)
Howard Lake is a natural lake in northwestern Mendocino County, California, located in the Mendocino National Forest at an elevation of 3,852 feet (1,174 m)  It covers an area of 20 acres (8 1 ha)  The lake hosts a small campground and is a popular primitive camping experience  In some years, the U S  Forest Service stocks the lake with rainbow trout Howard Lake should not be confused with the lake of the same name located 21 miles (34 km) to the southwest 

See also
List of lakes in California
Passage 9:
Buck Lake
Buck Lake may refer to:

Buck Lake, Alberta, a hamlet in Canada
Buck Lake (Alberta), a lake in Alberta, Canada
Buck Lake 133C, an Indian reserve in Alberta, Canada
Buck Lake (Ontario), a lake in Ontario, Canada

See also
Bucks Lake
Passage 10:
Howard Lake (central Mendocino County)
Howard Lake is a lake in the U S  state of California  The elevation of the lake is 2992 feet 



ground_truth: yes