prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Where was the director of film The Dinner (2013 Film) born?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Jolly Blackburn
Jolly Randall Blackburn is an American publisher and cartoonist who is best known as the creator of the comic strip and identically titled magazine  Knights of the Dinner Table 

Early life
As a child, Jolly Blackburn enjoyed playing Monopoly, Life, Sorry  and many other board games  At age 15, he was introduced to the Avalon Hill wargame Luftwaffe, and soon owned several other wargames  While perusing wargames at the local games shop, Blackburn was introduced to Dungeons & Dragons, and he eventually created his own campaign world called Alderac  
Following high school, Blackburn entered Ball State University where he majored in anthropology, history, and classical cultures : 120

Shadis
After graduation, Blackburn enlisted in the Army, and married his wife Barbara  Blackburn had always wanted to be a writer, and while he was posted in Fort Jackson, South Carolina, he and Barbara launched a gaming magazine titled Shadis  He also created Alderac Entertainment Group, named after his D&D campaign world   (Shadis was the name of one of the moons that circled Alderac ): 262 Shadis was a black-and-white digest that featured gaming articles usually written by Blackburn, as well as several fictional works by Blackburn, collectively referred to as the "Alderac Anthology", since they were set in Blackburn's Alderac world : 262 In the second issue, faced with a blank last page, Blackburn drew a roughly drawn comic strip titled Knights of the Dinner Table that featured a group of gamers seated at a table playing a fictional role-playing game called Hackmaster  As Blackburn told Allen Varney,  "I had been a great fan of J D  Webster's Finieous Fingers from the early Dragon Magazine, and I wanted something similar  Unfortunately, I couldn't find anyone willing to do a strip  Finally I sat down and drew out a very crude cartoon showing a gamemaster and a player sitting around a table arguing over a rules call " Blackburn based the comic strip's players on his gamer friends, and the gamemaster B A  Felton on himself  Blackburn continued to draw the cartoon for Issues 3 to 5, but in Issue 6, believing that his readers wanted better artwork and a more involved storyline, Blackburn replaced his own comic strip with more professional cartoon strips  However, his readers' outcry convinced him to immediately return to Knights of the Dinner Table in the very next issue : 262 Blackburn had to put both Shadis and Knights of the Dinner Table on hold for 18 months in 1991–1992  He was still working as a sergeant in the army, and during Operation: Desert Storm, Blackburn was involved with activating reservists for remedial training prior to deployment, a job that required him to work working seven days a week for up to 16 hours a day  Following the end of the conflict, Blackburn returned to writing : 262

Knights of the Dinner Table
In 1994, Alderac published a Knights of the Dinner Table comic book, and followed up with two more issues  But by the following year, Blackburn felt that his plans for the future had diverged from his partners John Zinser and David Seay — they wanted to expand Alderac and look for success in the collectible card game industry while Blackburn wanted to keep the company fun and small and focus on Knights of the Dinner Table : 263  Blackburn sold his share of Alderac to his partners — keeping the rights to Knights of the Dinner Table — and also sold Shadis after Issue 21   
Blackburn believed that he could produce a monthly Knights of the Dinner Table magazine, and started up KODT Enteractive Facktory with that in mind : 309 While he was working on getting that new company together, Blackburn received a call from the editor of TSR's Dragon magazine, asking if the Knights of the Dinner Table strip was now available; although Blackburn originally planned to continue the strip in Shadis, he accepted the offer and Knights of the Dinner Table appeared Issue 226 of Dragon (February 1996)  Blackburn's comic suddenly reached ten times the audience that it in Shadis, and Blackburn was surprised at the overwhelmingly positive response  He later recounted "I think that's when the light bulb went on over my head   I was shocked by the interest and the apparent appetite for more " Knights of the Dinner Table would continue in Dragon until Issue 269 (March 2000), when it was replaced by an expanded Nodwick strip : 309 After he and Barbara finally published Knights of the Dinner Table #4, Blackburn questioned whether they could make it work on their own  In November 1996 when David Kenzer and some of his Kenzer & Company staff of met Blackburn at a local con, Kenzer asked Blackburn to join his company : 309  Blackburn decided that Kenzer had the sort of business sense and integrity that he was looking for in a partner, and he agreed to become a shareholder  Kenzer reprinted Issue 4 of Knights of the Dinner Table that the Blackburns had produced on their own  Starting with Issue 5 (February 1997), Knights of the Dinner Table was the work of the "KoTD Development Team" which consisted of Jolly Blackburn, David Kenzer, Brian Jelke and Steve Johansson : 310 Knights of the Dinner Table increased in popularity, and Blackburn was invited to be the guest of honor at several conventions, including U Con (November 1998),: 110  Key Con (April 2003) and Gencon (August 2004) In 2022, Knights of the Dinner Table published its 301st issue, becoming the longest comic book series by a single creator (passing the 300 issues of Cerebus the Aardvark created by David Sim) In 2023, Blackburn announced that Knights of the Dinner Table would be moving to an expanded format, but only once every two months, citing the short turnaround times for a monthly magazine and increased production costs 

Hackmaster
As early as 1995, Blackburn toyed with the idea of creating a one-off joke role-playing game called Hackmaster, based on the fictional role-playing game being played in Knights of the Dinner Table  However, Jim Kenzer urged him to wait, believing that it could become a serious product  In 2000, using Wizards of the Coast's Open Game License, Blackburn and Kenzer created Hackmaster, based on the rules for D&D Several years later, Blackburn made the decision to break away from the D&D game system and create an independent role-playing system for Hackmaster  This enabled him to include many items and ideas from the Knights of the Dinner Table comics 

Reception
Writing for Black Gate, John O'Neill noted that the artwork is not what draws readers to Knights of the Dinner Table, commenting, "Jolly has never claimed to be an artist, and in truth the art isn't where this strip shines anyway  Jolly's true gifts are as a writer, and the writing in KoDT is top notch "

Awards
Blackburn has received a number of awards for Knights of the Dinner Table, including:

Origins Awards for "Best Professional Game Magazine" of 1998 and 1999 
Origins Award for "Gamer's Choice: Best Periodical of 2003" 
Origins Award for "Best Game Accessory of 2009" 
Passage 2:
Menno Meyjes
Menno Meyjes (born 1954, Eindhoven) is a Dutch-born American screenwriter, film director, and film producer Meyjes moved to the United States in 1972 and studied at San Francisco Art Institute  He was nominated for several awards for his screenplay to the 1985 film The Color Purple, adapted from the novel by Alice Walker  In 1989, he gained recognition for cowriting Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade with George Lucas and winning a Goya Award for El Sueño del mono loco 
In 2002, Meyjes wrote and directed the film Max He attended the San Francisco Art Institute, where he studied with George Kuchar, James Broughton, and Larry Jordan 

Filmography
Uncredited written works:

Empire of the Sun (1987)
El Sueño del mono loco (1989)
Passage 3:
Jesse E  Hobson
Jesse Edward Hobson (May 2, 1911 – November 5, 1970) was the director of SRI International from 1947 to 1955  Prior to SRI, he was the director of the Armour Research Foundation 

Early life and education
Hobson was born in Marshall, Indiana  He received bachelor's and master's degrees in electrical engineering from Purdue University and a PhD in electrical engineering from the California Institute of Technology  Hobson was also selected as a nationally outstanding engineer Hobson married Jessie Eugertha Bell on March 26, 1939, and they had five children 

Career
Awards and memberships
Hobson was named an IEEE Fellow in 1948 
Passage 4:
Olav Aaraas
Olav Aaraas (born 10 July 1950) is a Norwegian historian and museum director 
He was born in Fredrikstad  From 1982 to 1993 he was the director of Sogn Folk Museum, from 1993 to 2010 he was the director of Maihaugen and from 2001 he has been the director of the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History  In 2010 he was decorated with the Royal Norwegian Order of St  Olav 
Passage 5:
Ian Barry (director)
Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV 

Select credits
Waiting for Lucas (1973) (short)
Stone (1974) (editor only)
The Chain Reaction (1980)
Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)
Minnamurra (1989)
Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)
Ring of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)
Crimebroker (1993)
Inferno (1998) (TV movie)
Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)
Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)
The Doctor Blake Mysteries (2013)
Passage 6:
Peter Levin
Peter Levin is an American director of film, television and theatre 

Career
Since 1967, Levin has amassed a large number of credits directing episodic television and television films  Some of his television series credits include Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, James at 15, The Paper Chase, Family, Starsky & Hutch, Lou Grant, Fame, Cagney & Lacey, Law & Order and Judging Amy Some of his television film credits include Rape and Marriage: The Rideout Case (1980), A Reason to Live (1985), Popeye Doyle (1986), A Killer Among Us (1990), Queen Sized (2008) and among other films  He directed "Heart in Hiding", written by his wife Audrey Davis Levin, for which she received an Emmy for Best Day Time Special in the 1970s 
Prior to becoming a director, Levin worked as an actor in several Broadway productions  He costarred with Susan Strasberg in "[The Diary of Ann Frank]" but had to leave the production when he was drafted into the Army  He trained at the Carnegie Mellon University  Eventually becoming a theatre director, he directed productions at the Long Wharf Theatre and the Pacific Resident Theatre Company  He also co-founded the off-off-Broadway Theatre [the Hardware Poets Playhouse] with his wife Audrey Davis Levin and was also an associate artist of The Interact Theatre Company 
Passage 7:
Brian Kennedy (gallery director)
Brian Patrick Kennedy (born 5 November 1961) is an Irish-born art museum director who has worked in Ireland and Australia, and now lives and works in the United States   He was the director of the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem for 17 months, resigning December 31, 2020  He was the director of the Toledo Museum of Art in Ohio from 2010 to 2019  He was the director of the Hood Museum of Art from 2005 to 2010, and the National Gallery of Australia (Canberra) from 1997 to 2004 

Career
Brian Kennedy currently lives and works in the United States after leaving Australia in 2005 to direct the Hood Museum of Art at Dartmouth College  In October 2010 he became the ninth Director of the Toledo Museum of Art  On 1 July 2019, he succeeded Dan Monroe as the executive director and CEO of the Peabody Essex Museum 

Early life and career in Ireland
Kennedy was born in Dublin and attended Clonkeen College  He received B A  (1982), M A  (1985) and PhD (1989) degrees from University College-Dublin, where he studied both art history and history 
He worked in the Irish Department of Education (1982), the European Commission, Brussels (1983), and in Ireland at the Chester Beatty Library (1983–85), Government Publications Office (1985–86), and Department of Finance (1986–89)  He married Mary Fiona Carlin in 1988 He was Assistant Director at the National Gallery of Ireland in Dublin from 1989 to 1997  He was Chair of the Irish Association of Art Historians from 1996 to 1997, and of the Council of Australian Art Museum Directors from 2001 to 2003  In September 1997 he became Director of the National Gallery of Australia 

National Gallery of Australia (NGA)
Kennedy expanded the traveling exhibitions and loans program throughout Australia, arranged for several major shows of Australian art abroad, increased the number of exhibitions at the museum itself and oversaw the development of an extensive multi-media site   Although he oversaw several years of the museum's highest ever annual visitation, he discontinued the emphasis of his predecessor, Betty Churcher, on showing "blockbuster" exhibitions 
During his directorship, the NGA gained government support for improving the building and significant private donations and corporate sponsorship  However, the initial design for the building proved controversial generating a public dispute with the original architect on moral rights grounds   As a result, the project was not delivered during Dr Kennedy's tenure, with a significantly altered design completed some years later   Private funding supported two acquisitions of British art, including David Hockney's A Bigger Grand Canyon in 1999, and Lucian Freud's After Cézanne in 2001  Kennedy built on the established collections at the museum by acquiring the Holmgren-Spertus collection of Indonesian textiles; the Kenneth Tyler collection of editioned prints, screens, multiples and unique proofs; and the Australian Print Workshop Archive  He was also notable for campaigning for the construction of a new "front" entrance to the Gallery, facing King Edward Terrace, which was completed in 2010 (see reference to the building project above) 
Kennedy's cancellation of the "Sensation exhibition" (scheduled at the NGA from 2 June 2000 to 13 August 2000) was controversial, and seen by some as censorship  He claimed that the decision was due to the exhibition being "too close to the market" implying that a national cultural institution cannot exhibit the private collection of a speculative art investor  However, there were other exhibitions at the NGA during his tenure, which could have raised similar concerns  The exhibition featured the privately owned Young British Artists works belonging to Charles Saatchi and attracted large attendances in London and Brooklyn  Its most controversial work was Chris Ofili's The Holy Virgin Mary, a painting which used elephant dung and was accused of being blasphemous  The then-mayor of New York, Rudolph Giuliani, campaigned against the exhibition, claiming it was "Catholic-bashing" and an "aggressive, vicious, disgusting attack on religion " In November 1999, Kennedy cancelled the exhibition and stated that the events in New York had "obscured discussion of the artistic merit of the works of art"  He has said that it "was the toughest decision of my professional life, so far "Kennedy was also repeatedly questioned on his management of a range of issues during the Australian Government's Senate Estimates process - particularly on the NGA's occupational health and safety record and concerns about the NGA's twenty-year-old air-conditioning system  The air-conditioning was finally renovated in 2003  Kennedy announced in 2002 that he would not seek extension of his contract beyond 2004, accepting a seven-year term as had his two predecessors He became a joint Irish-Australian citizen in 2003 

Toledo Museum of Art
The Toledo Museum of Art is known for its exceptional collections of European and American paintings and sculpture, glass, antiquities, artist books, Japanese prints and netsuke  The museum offers free admission and is recognized for its historical leadership in the field of art education   During his tenure, Kennedy has focused the museum's art education efforts on visual literacy, which he defines as "learning to read, understand and write visual language "   Initiatives have included baby and toddler tours, specialized training for all staff, docents, volunteers and the launch of a website, www vislit org  In November 2014, the museum hosted the International Visual Literacy Association (IVLA) conference, the first Museum to do so  Kennedy has been a frequent speaker on the topic, including 2010 and 2013 TEDx talks on visual and sensory literacy 
Kennedy has expressed an interest in expanding the museum's collection of contemporary art and art by indigenous peoples  Works by Frank Stella, Sean Scully, Jaume Plensa, Ravinder Reddy and Mary Sibande have been acquired   In addition, the museum has made major acquisitions of Old Master paintings by Frans Hals and Luca Giordano During his tenure the Toledo Museum of Art has announced the return of several objects from its collection due to claims the objects were stolen and/or illegally exported prior being sold to the museum   In 2011 a Meissen sweetmeat stand was returned to Germany followed by an Etruscan Kalpis or water jug to Italy (2013), an Indian sculpture of Ganesha (2014) and an astrological compendium to Germany in 2015 

Hood Museum of Art
Kennedy became Director of the Hood Museum of Art in July 2005  During his tenure, he implemented a series of large and small-scale exhibitions and oversaw the production of more than 20 publications to bring greater public attention to the museum's remarkable collections of the arts of America, Europe, Africa, Papua New Guinea and the Polar regions  At 70,000 objects, the Hood has one of the largest collections on any American college of university campus  The exhibition, Black Womanhood: Images, Icons, and Ideologies of the African Body, toured several US venues  Kennedy increased campus curricular use of works of art, with thousands of objects pulled from storage for classes annually  Numerous acquisitions were made with the museum's generous endowments, and he curated several exhibitions: including Wenda Gu: Forest of Stone Steles: Retranslation and Rewriting Tang Dynasty Poetry, Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, and Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons 

Publications
Kennedy has written or edited a number of books on art, including:

Alfred Chester Beatty and Ireland 1950-1968: A study in cultural politics, Glendale Press (1988), ISBN 978-0-907606-49-9
Dreams and responsibilities: The state and arts in independent Ireland, Arts Council of Ireland (1990), ISBN 978-0-906627-32-7
Jack B Yeats: Jack Butler Yeats, 1871-1957 (Lives of Irish Artists), Unipub (October 1991), ISBN 978-0-948524-24-0
The Anatomy Lesson: Art and Medicine (with Davis Coakley), National Gallery of Ireland (January 1992), ISBN 978-0-903162-65-4
Ireland: Art into History (with Raymond Gillespie), Roberts Rinehart Publishers (1994), ISBN 978-1-57098-005-3
Irish Painting, Roberts Rinehart Publishers (November 1997),  ISBN 978-1-86059-059-7
Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, Hood Museum of Art (October 2008), ISBN 978-0-944722-34-3
Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons, 1965-1966, Hood Museum of Art (October 2010), ISBN 978-0-944722-39-8

Honors and achievements
Kennedy was awarded the Australian Centenary Medal in 2001 for service to Australian Society and its art  He is a trustee and treasurer of the Association of Art Museum Directors, a peer reviewer for the American Association of Museums and a member of the International Association of Art Critics  In 2013 he was appointed inaugural eminent professor at the University of Toledo and received an honorary doctorate from Lourdes University  Most recently, Kennedy received the 2014 Northwest Region, Ohio Art Education Association award for distinguished educator for art education 


== Notes ==
Passage 8:
S  N  Mathur
S N  Mathur was the Director of the Indian Intelligence Bureau between September 1975 and February 1980  He was also the Director General of Police in Punjab 
Passage 9:
Dana Blankstein
Dana Blankstein-Cohen (born March 3, 1981) is the executive director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School  She was appointed by the board of directors  in November 2019   Previously she was the CEO of the Israeli Academy of Film and Television  She is a film director, and an Israeli culture entrepreneur 

Biography
Dana Blankstein was born in Switzerland in 1981 to theatre director Dedi Baron and Professor Alexander Blankstein  She moved to Israel in 1983 and grew up in Tel Aviv 
Blankstein graduated from the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School, Jerusalem in 2008 with high honors  During her studies she worked as a personal assistant to directors Savi Gabizon on his film Nina's Tragedies and to Renen Schorr on his film The Loners   She also directed and shot 'the making of' film on Gavison's film Lost and Found  Her debut film Camping competed at the Berlin International Film Festival, 2007 

Film and academic career
After her studies, Dana founded and directed the film and television department at the Kfar Saba municipality  The department encouraged and promoted productions filmed in the city of Kfar Saba, as well as the established cultural projects, and educational community activities 
Blankstein directed the mini-series "Tel Aviviot" (2012)  From 2016-2019 was the director of the Israeli Academy of Film and Television 
In November 2019 Dana Blankstein Cohen was appointed the new director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School where she also oversees the Sam Spiegel International Film Lab  In 2022, she spearheaded the launch of the new Series Lab and the film preparatory program for Arabic speakers in east Jerusalem 

Filmography
Tel Aviviot (mini-series; director, 2012)
Growing Pains (graduation film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2008)
Camping (debut film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2006)
Passage 10:
The Dinner (2013 film)
The Dinner (Dutch: Het Diner) is a 2013 Dutch drama film written and directed by Menno Meyjes  It was screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival  The film is based on Herman Koch's novel Het diner 

Plot
Cast
Thekla Reuten as Claire
Kim van Kooten as Babette
Daan Schuurmans as Serge
Jacob Derwig as Paul
Sabine Soetanto
Reinout Bussemaker as Rector
Gusta Geleynse as Dakloze
Wil van der Meer as Tonio
Jonas Smulders as Michel

See also
The Dinner (2014)
The Dinner (2017)
Context 2: Passage 1:
Brian Kennedy (gallery director)
Brian Patrick Kennedy (born 5 November 1961) is an Irish-born art museum director who has worked in Ireland and Australia, and now lives and works in the United States   He was the director of the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem for 17 months, resigning December 31, 2020  He was the director of the Toledo Museum of Art in Ohio from 2010 to 2019  He was the director of the Hood Museum of Art from 2005 to 2010, and the National Gallery of Australia (Canberra) from 1997 to 2004 

Career
Brian Kennedy currently lives and works in the United States after leaving Australia in 2005 to direct the Hood Museum of Art at Dartmouth College  In October 2010 he became the ninth Director of the Toledo Museum of Art  On 1 July 2019, he succeeded Dan Monroe as the executive director and CEO of the Peabody Essex Museum 

Early life and career in Ireland
Kennedy was born in Dublin and attended Clonkeen College  He received B A  (1982), M A  (1985) and PhD (1989) degrees from University College-Dublin, where he studied both art history and history 
He worked in the Irish Department of Education (1982), the European Commission, Brussels (1983), and in Ireland at the Chester Beatty Library (1983–85), Government Publications Office (1985–86), and Department of Finance (1986–89)  He married Mary Fiona Carlin in 1988 He was Assistant Director at the National Gallery of Ireland in Dublin from 1989 to 1997  He was Chair of the Irish Association of Art Historians from 1996 to 1997, and of the Council of Australian Art Museum Directors from 2001 to 2003  In September 1997 he became Director of the National Gallery of Australia 

National Gallery of Australia (NGA)
Kennedy expanded the traveling exhibitions and loans program throughout Australia, arranged for several major shows of Australian art abroad, increased the number of exhibitions at the museum itself and oversaw the development of an extensive multi-media site   Although he oversaw several years of the museum's highest ever annual visitation, he discontinued the emphasis of his predecessor, Betty Churcher, on showing "blockbuster" exhibitions 
During his directorship, the NGA gained government support for improving the building and significant private donations and corporate sponsorship  However, the initial design for the building proved controversial generating a public dispute with the original architect on moral rights grounds   As a result, the project was not delivered during Dr Kennedy's tenure, with a significantly altered design completed some years later   Private funding supported two acquisitions of British art, including David Hockney's A Bigger Grand Canyon in 1999, and Lucian Freud's After Cézanne in 2001  Kennedy built on the established collections at the museum by acquiring the Holmgren-Spertus collection of Indonesian textiles; the Kenneth Tyler collection of editioned prints, screens, multiples and unique proofs; and the Australian Print Workshop Archive  He was also notable for campaigning for the construction of a new "front" entrance to the Gallery, facing King Edward Terrace, which was completed in 2010 (see reference to the building project above) 
Kennedy's cancellation of the "Sensation exhibition" (scheduled at the NGA from 2 June 2000 to 13 August 2000) was controversial, and seen by some as censorship  He claimed that the decision was due to the exhibition being "too close to the market" implying that a national cultural institution cannot exhibit the private collection of a speculative art investor  However, there were other exhibitions at the NGA during his tenure, which could have raised similar concerns  The exhibition featured the privately owned Young British Artists works belonging to Charles Saatchi and attracted large attendances in London and Brooklyn  Its most controversial work was Chris Ofili's The Holy Virgin Mary, a painting which used elephant dung and was accused of being blasphemous  The then-mayor of New York, Rudolph Giuliani, campaigned against the exhibition, claiming it was "Catholic-bashing" and an "aggressive, vicious, disgusting attack on religion " In November 1999, Kennedy cancelled the exhibition and stated that the events in New York had "obscured discussion of the artistic merit of the works of art"  He has said that it "was the toughest decision of my professional life, so far "Kennedy was also repeatedly questioned on his management of a range of issues during the Australian Government's Senate Estimates process - particularly on the NGA's occupational health and safety record and concerns about the NGA's twenty-year-old air-conditioning system  The air-conditioning was finally renovated in 2003  Kennedy announced in 2002 that he would not seek extension of his contract beyond 2004, accepting a seven-year term as had his two predecessors He became a joint Irish-Australian citizen in 2003 

Toledo Museum of Art
The Toledo Museum of Art is known for its exceptional collections of European and American paintings and sculpture, glass, antiquities, artist books, Japanese prints and netsuke  The museum offers free admission and is recognized for its historical leadership in the field of art education   During his tenure, Kennedy has focused the museum's art education efforts on visual literacy, which he defines as "learning to read, understand and write visual language "   Initiatives have included baby and toddler tours, specialized training for all staff, docents, volunteers and the launch of a website, www vislit org  In November 2014, the museum hosted the International Visual Literacy Association (IVLA) conference, the first Museum to do so  Kennedy has been a frequent speaker on the topic, including 2010 and 2013 TEDx talks on visual and sensory literacy 
Kennedy has expressed an interest in expanding the museum's collection of contemporary art and art by indigenous peoples  Works by Frank Stella, Sean Scully, Jaume Plensa, Ravinder Reddy and Mary Sibande have been acquired   In addition, the museum has made major acquisitions of Old Master paintings by Frans Hals and Luca Giordano During his tenure the Toledo Museum of Art has announced the return of several objects from its collection due to claims the objects were stolen and/or illegally exported prior being sold to the museum   In 2011 a Meissen sweetmeat stand was returned to Germany followed by an Etruscan Kalpis or water jug to Italy (2013), an Indian sculpture of Ganesha (2014) and an astrological compendium to Germany in 2015 

Hood Museum of Art
Kennedy became Director of the Hood Museum of Art in July 2005  During his tenure, he implemented a series of large and small-scale exhibitions and oversaw the production of more than 20 publications to bring greater public attention to the museum's remarkable collections of the arts of America, Europe, Africa, Papua New Guinea and the Polar regions  At 70,000 objects, the Hood has one of the largest collections on any American college of university campus  The exhibition, Black Womanhood: Images, Icons, and Ideologies of the African Body, toured several US venues  Kennedy increased campus curricular use of works of art, with thousands of objects pulled from storage for classes annually  Numerous acquisitions were made with the museum's generous endowments, and he curated several exhibitions: including Wenda Gu: Forest of Stone Steles: Retranslation and Rewriting Tang Dynasty Poetry, Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, and Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons 

Publications
Kennedy has written or edited a number of books on art, including:

Alfred Chester Beatty and Ireland 1950-1968: A study in cultural politics, Glendale Press (1988), ISBN 978-0-907606-49-9
Dreams and responsibilities: The state and arts in independent Ireland, Arts Council of Ireland (1990), ISBN 978-0-906627-32-7
Jack B Yeats: Jack Butler Yeats, 1871-1957 (Lives of Irish Artists), Unipub (October 1991), ISBN 978-0-948524-24-0
The Anatomy Lesson: Art and Medicine (with Davis Coakley), National Gallery of Ireland (January 1992), ISBN 978-0-903162-65-4
Ireland: Art into History (with Raymond Gillespie), Roberts Rinehart Publishers (1994), ISBN 978-1-57098-005-3
Irish Painting, Roberts Rinehart Publishers (November 1997),  ISBN 978-1-86059-059-7
Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, Hood Museum of Art (October 2008), ISBN 978-0-944722-34-3
Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons, 1965-1966, Hood Museum of Art (October 2010), ISBN 978-0-944722-39-8

Honors and achievements
Kennedy was awarded the Australian Centenary Medal in 2001 for service to Australian Society and its art  He is a trustee and treasurer of the Association of Art Museum Directors, a peer reviewer for the American Association of Museums and a member of the International Association of Art Critics  In 2013 he was appointed inaugural eminent professor at the University of Toledo and received an honorary doctorate from Lourdes University  Most recently, Kennedy received the 2014 Northwest Region, Ohio Art Education Association award for distinguished educator for art education 


== Notes ==
Passage 2:
Love at First Sight (1985 film)
Love at First Sight (Italian: Colpo di fulmine) is a 1985 Italian comedy film directed by Marco Risi 

Plot
At the age of thirty Carlo is a chronic and complex boy, in full existential crisis, left by his wife for a more mature and self-confident man, and fired from a job he has never loved  Having reached the limit of endurance, he decides to change scenery for a while and, accepting the invitation of his historic friend Massimo, he leaves Rome to spend a few weeks in Venice, the city where man has rebuilt his life  Massimo also has a bankruptcy story behind him, from which his 11-year-old daughter Giulia was born 
Carlo has not seen his friend's daughter for some years, and when he meets Giulia for the first time, he is strangely struck  Even the girl immediately shows a strong sympathy towards her father's young friend, with a very different character compared to the adults she knows  The time spent in the lagoon soon leads Carlo to forget his ex-girlfriend, while the commitments of his parents mean that Giulia ends up spending most of her days in the company of Carlo: his adolescent soul, sometimes childish, and the character of her, a decidedly precocious child compared to her young age, means that between the two there is an unforeseeable "love at first sight"  Although it is only a platonic fall in love, as absurd as it is childish, Giulia is excited by the thing since this is her first, true love, while on the contrary Carlo is upset by the fact that he has taken a crush on a girl, moreover the daughter of his best friend  
He decides all the same to confess everything to Massimo, who obviously doesn't take it well  Nonetheless, Carlo and Giulia continue dating, living a bizarre "relationship" that is a little more than a friendship, a little less than a love, but over time all the differences that separate an adult inevitably emerge  a little girl
Context 3: Passage 1:
Nick Sidi
Nick Sidi (born 22 February 1966) is an English actor  He is the husband of Marianne Elliott and son-in-law of actress Rosalind Knight  He often plays drama or comedy roles on television and frequently appears in BBC dramas 

Filmography
Theatre
Passage 2:
Charles Francis Norton
Charles Francis Norton (1807 – 1835) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament for Guildford   Norton was also a Captain of 52nd Light Infantry  Through his wife Maria Louisa, née Campbell, he was son-in-law of Sir Colin Campbell; he was also brother-in-law of writer Caroline Norton

Early life
He was the son of Fletcher Norton MP FRSE (1744–1820) and his wife, Caroline Elizabeth Balmain 
His grandfather was Hon  Fletcher Norton  His brother was Hon  Fletcher Norton, 3rd Baron Grantley  While Charles Francis Norton was a Whig, he had a brother the Hon  George Chapple Norton was a Tory, who held office in Guildford from 1826 to 1830 Charles Francis Norton was brought up in Edinburgh, and joined the army after receiving a one seventh share of the residue of his father's estate (valued at £7,438)  his regiment was stationed in Nova Scotia during the period of his service (1823–1845) 

Political career
Charles Francis Norton briefly entered politics   He ran as a candidate for Guildford in the general election of 1831 and emerged victorious  He held office from 1831 to 1832, losing the re-election to his conservative rival 

Actions during term
Norton campaigned as a supporter of the grey ministry's reform bill and was returned with another reformer after a four-cornered contest 
He divided for the second reading of the reintroduced reform bill, 6 July, and steadily for its details, except the inclusion of Guildford in schedule B, which he opposed by vote and in his only recorded speech, 29 July 1831  He argued that the town's population was ‘respectable and increasing’ and supported its petition to retain two Members by expanding the boundary, the case for which he regarded as unanswerable  He voted for the bill's passage, 21 Sept , the second reading of the Scottish bill, 23 Sept , and Lord Ebrington's confidence motion, 10 Oct 
He was in the minority for O’Connell's motion to swear in the 11 members of the Dublin election committee, 29 July, but voted with ministers to prosecute only those found guilty of bribery, 23 Aug 
On 5 Nov  he was granted the precedence afforded to the younger sons of peers by letter patent  He divided for the second reading of the revised reform bill (by which Guildford kept both its Members), 17 Dec 
1831, steadily for its details and for the third reading, 22 Mar  1832  He voted for the address asking the king to appoint only ministers committed to carrying an unimpaired measure, 10 May, and against the Conservative amendment for increased Scottish county representation, 1 June 
He voted against government on the Russian-Dutch loan, 26 Jan , was absent from the division on this issue 12 July, but voted with ministers, 16 July 
He divided with them on relations with Portugal, 9 Feb  1832 He ran again for Guildford at the general election after his term, but was defeated by one of his Conservative rivals from the previous election 

Later life
Charles Francis Norton returned to an active military career and became assistant military secretary to his father-in-law, following the latter's appointment as governor of Nova Scotia (1834), and it was there that he died suddenly in October 1835, ‘in consequence of drinking cold water, whilst over-heated in the pursuit of moose deer’  He is buried in the Old Burying Ground (Halifax, Nova Scotia) 
Maria Louisa subsequently married Edmund Phipps 
Passage 3:
Nikolai Rubinstein
Nikolai Grigoryevich Rubinstein (Russian: Николай Григорьевич Рубинштейн; 14 June [O S  2 June] 1835 – 23 March [O S  11 March] 1881) was a Russian pianist, conductor, and composer  He was the younger brother of Anton Rubinstein and a close friend of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky 

Life
Born to Jewish parents in Moscow, where his father had just opened a small factory, Rubinstein showed talent at the keyboard early on  He studied piano first with his mother, and while the family was in Berlin between 1844 and 1846, he studied piano with Theodor Kullak and harmony and counterpoint with Siegfried Dehn; during this time both he and his brother Anton attracted the interest and support of Mendelssohn and Meyerbeer   When the family returned to Moscow, Nikolai studied with Alexander Villoing, who also toured with him  He studied medicine to avoid army conscription, graduating from Moscow University in 1855 
As a result of his playing, Rubinstein was welcomed in all the fashionable artistocratic houses in Moscow  He co-founded the Moscow branch of the Russian Musical Society in 1859 and the Moscow Conservatory in 1866 with Prince Nikolai Petrovitch Troubetzkoy, serving as director of the latter until his death in 1881  He hired Tchaikovsky, then newly graduated from the Saint Petersburg Conservatory, to teach harmony at Moscow Conservatory  He actively encouraged Tchaikovsky's creative efforts and performed his compositions  Rubinstein and Tchaikovsky had a well-known falling-out over the latter's First Piano Concerto, but Rubinstein later revised his position and became an ardent champion of the work  Rubinstein conducted the premiere of Tchaikovsky's opera Eugene Onegin in 1879   Tchaikovsky wrote his Piano Trio in A minor in Rubinstein's memory after he died from tuberculosis in Paris Rubinstein also conducted and performed music of the nationalistic music group "The Five" to a much greater degree than his brother  In 1869, when the group's leader, Mily Balakirev, was forced to resign as conductor of the St  Petersburg branch of the Russian Musical Society, Rubinstein gave Balakirev his support, playing at concerts of the Free Music School as Balakirev's guest  He also gave the first performance of Balakirev's piano work Islamey, the work for which he is best known today 

Pianism
Nikolai Rubinstein was generally regarded as one of the greatest pianists of his time, although now his reputation is overshadowed by that of his brother Anton



ground_truth: Eindhoven

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Where was the director of film Love At First Sight (1985 Film) born?

The following are given passages.
Context 2:  A simple quarrel after a spite of Giulia turns out to be enough to expose the absurdity of the state of things, writing an end to this unlikely situation  Giulia thus chooses to accept the court of one of her classmates, while Carlo, however matured as a person out of this Venetian "adventure", once back to everyday life finds a way to win back his ex-wife 

Cast
Jerry Calà: Carlo
Vanessa Gravina: Giulia
Ricky Tognazzi: Massimo
Elisabetta Giovannini: Silvia
Valeria D'Obici: Anna
Franca Scagnetti: Attilia

See also
List of Italian films of 1985
Passage 3:
Lola Ponce
Paola Fabiana Ponce (born 25 June 1979), known professionally as Lola Ponce (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlola ˈponse]), is an Argentine singer and actress 
Ponce made her breakthrough in Argentina and Latin America with her debut album Inalcanzable, which was released in 2001  She also earned a great popularity in Italy, after starring in musical Notre-Dame de Paris in Verona  Ponce has since released two more albums — Fearless (2004) and Il diario di Lola (2008) — and has performed in Spanish, Italian and English  In 2008, along with Giò Di Tonno, she won Sanremo Festival with the song "Colpo di fulmine" 
She sings in many Concerts with Andrea Bocelli and Riccardo Cocciante 

Life and career
Early life and career (1982–1997)
Lola Ponce was born in Rosario, Santa Fe Province, to Hector and María  She has two siblings, Claudia and Alejandro  Born and raised in a musical family, she formed a duo with her brother when she was only eight, performing melodic songs  Ponce took part in many festivals in Latin America as child and teenager  In 1998, she had a role in Chiquititas, a popular TV series created by Cris Morena, and signed a recording contract with producer Oscar Mediavilla in 1999  Ponce entered the University of Buenos Aires, but dropped it to pursue her music career 

Stardom (2001–present)
Ponce released her debut album Inalcanzable in 2001, achieving a great success in Latin America  In 2002, she was cast as Esméralda in theatre musical Notre-Dame de Paris, which was shown in Verona, Italy, and Barcelona, Spain  Ponce recorded two songs for the musical soundtrack, "Ave Maria Pagana" and "Ali in Gabbia, Occhi Selvaggi", and made her breakthrough in Italy and Europe  In 2004, she released her first album in English, Fearless, and in 2005 performed her song "Sleep" in the revival part of the San Remo Festival In 2008, she released third studio albums Il diario di Lola, which contains songs in Spanish, Italian and English  Ponce also won the 58th Sanremo Music Festival along with Giò Di Tonno and the song "Colpo di fulmine"  The song reached number one at Italian Singles Chart  In 2010, Ponce appeared in several television series and films, and starred the stage adaptation of Alessandro Manzoni's novel The Betrothed  She also participated in Argentine version of Dancing with the Stars, Bailando por un sueño, and released her first compilation album Lola 

Personal life
Ponce dated Italian lawyer Manuel Malenotti for five years, from 2005 to 2010 She began a relationship with her co-star Aarón Díaz in 2012  The pair began dating after meeting on the set of the telenovela El Talisman  They have two daughters: Erin (born February 2013) and Regina (born August 2014)  The couple got married in June 2015, in a private ceremony held in Morocco 

Discography
2001: Inalcanzable
2002: Notre-Dame de Paris
2004: Fearless
2008: Il diario di Lola
2010: Lola

Filmography
Passage 4:
Olav Aaraas
Olav Aaraas (born 10 July 1950) is a Norwegian historian and museum director 
He was born in Fredrikstad  From 1982 to 1993 he was the director of Sogn Folk Museum, from 1993 to 2010 he was the director of Maihaugen and from 2001 he has been the director of the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History  In 2010 he was decorated with the Royal Norwegian Order of St  Olav 
Passage 5:
Giò Di Tonno
Giovanni "Giò" Di Tonno (born 5 August 1973) is an Italian pop singer  In duo with Lola Ponce he won the 2008 edition of the Sanremo Music Festival, with the song "Colpo di fulmine" written by Gianna Nannini 

Discography
Albums
1994: Giò Di Tonno
2008: Santafè
2014: Giò
Passage 6:
Marco Risi
Marco Risi (born 4 June 1951) is an Italian film director, screenwriter, film producer and cinematographer 
Born in Milan, he is son of director Dino Risi  After graduating from Liceo Scientifico, Risi joined the faculty of philosophy, but abandoned his studies after two years  He began his career as an assistant of his uncle, Nelo Risi, for A Season in Hell (1971) and thereafter for directors such as Duccio Tessari, Steno, Alberto Sordi  He also collaborated with some scripts for films directed by his father  He made his directorial debut in 1977, with the RAI television documentary Appunti su Hollywood  After three quite successful comedy films, since 1987 Risi's cinema focused into more complex social and political issues, such as the military service seen as a traumatic experience (Soldati - 365 all'alba), the juvenile delinquency in and out of prison (Forever Mary and Boys on the Outside), the crash of Itavia Flight 870 (The Rubber Wall), the gang rape phenomenon (Il branco) and the murder of journalist Giancarlo Siani (Fort Apache Napoli) In 1989 Risi's Forever Mary won the Special Grand Prize of the Jury at the Montreal World Film Festival  For his 1990 film Boys on the Outside Risi won the David di Donatello Award for Best Director and a Silver Osella for Best Cinematography at the 47th Venice International Film Festival In 1991 Risi started, together with Maurizio Tedesco, a film production company, "Sorpasso Film"  In 1998 he won the Nastro d'Argento for Best Producer for Ferzan Özpetek's Hamam 

Filmography
I'm Going to Live by Myself (1982)
A Boy and a Girl (1984)
Love at First Sight (1985)
Soldati - 365 all'alba (1987)
Forever Mary (1989)
Boys on the Outside (1990)
The Rubber Wall (1991)
Nel continente nero (1993)
Il branco (1994)
Kaputt Mundi (1998)
Tre mogli (2001)
Maradona, the Hand of God (2007)
Fort Apache Napoli (2009)
Cha cha cha (2013)
Three Touches (2014)
Passage 7:
Peter Levin
Peter Levin is an American director of film, television and theatre 

Career
Since 1967, Levin has amassed a large number of credits directing episodic television and television films  Some of his television series credits include Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, James at 15, The Paper Chase, Family, Starsky & Hutch, Lou Grant, Fame, Cagney & Lacey, Law & Order and Judging Amy Some of his television film credits include Rape and Marriage: The Rideout Case (1980), A Reason to Live (1985), Popeye Doyle (1986), A Killer Among Us (1990), Queen Sized (2008) and among other films  He directed "Heart in Hiding", written by his wife Audrey Davis Levin, for which she received an Emmy for Best Day Time Special in the 1970s 
Prior to becoming a director, Levin worked as an actor in several Broadway productions  He costarred with Susan Strasberg in "[The Diary of Ann Frank]" but had to leave the production when he was drafted into the Army  He trained at the Carnegie Mellon University  Eventually becoming a theatre director, he directed productions at the Long Wharf Theatre and the Pacific Resident Theatre Company  He also co-founded the off-off-Broadway Theatre [the Hardware Poets Playhouse] with his wife Audrey Davis Levin and was also an associate artist of The Interact Theatre Company 
Passage 8:
Jesse E  Hobson
Jesse Edward Hobson (May 2, 1911 – November 5, 1970) was the director of SRI International from 1947 to 1955  Prior to SRI, he was the director of the Armour Research Foundation 

Early life and education
Hobson was born in Marshall, Indiana  He received bachelor's and master's degrees in electrical engineering from Purdue University and a PhD in electrical engineering from the California Institute of Technology  Hobson was also selected as a nationally outstanding engineer Hobson married Jessie Eugertha Bell on March 26, 1939, and they had five children 

Career
Awards and memberships
Hobson was named an IEEE Fellow in 1948 
Passage 9:
S  N  Mathur
S N  Mathur was the Director of the Indian Intelligence Bureau between September 1975 and February 1980  He was also the Director General of Police in Punjab 
Passage 10:
Ian Barry (director)
Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV 

Select credits
Waiting for Lucas (1973) (short)
Stone (1974) (editor only)
The Chain Reaction (1980)
Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)
Minnamurra (1989)
Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)
Ring of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)
Crimebroker (1993)
Inferno (1998) (TV movie)
Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)
Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)
The Doctor Blake Mysteries (2013)
Context 3:  His pianistic style was quite at odds with that of his fiery brother  He instead opted for a restrained classicism more in line with the musical values of Clara Schumann than Franz Liszt  Edward Garden writes in the New Grove (2001), "His performances emphasized salient details of the structure of a piece and revealed great clarity of detail "According to Harold C  Schonberg, Anton Rubinstein is reported to have said that "if Nikolai had really worked on it, he could have been the better pianist of the two " One of Nikolai's pupils, Emil von Sauer, wrote a comparison of the two brothers' playing styles in 1895:

It is difficult to say which was the better pianist  In every way as different as the brothers were in personal appearance—the one dark, almost to blackness; the other very fair — so different was their playing  The playing of Nicholas was more like that of Tausig, only warmer and more impulsive  Perhaps Anton Rubinstein was the more inspired player of the two, but he was unequal  Nicholas never varied; his playing both in private and in public was always the same, and he kept up the same standard of excellence 

Students
Nikolai Rubinstein's best-known piano students were Sergei Taneyev, Emil von Sauer and Alexander Siloti  Sauer and Siloti went on to study under Franz Liszt  His other notable pupils included Ernst Jedliczka and Henryk Pachulski 

As a composer
Rubinstein was also a composer of some note, though Garden dismisses his music as "unimportant  Among his most popular works is his Tarantella in G minor and his Fantasia on a Theme by Schumann, both for piano solo  When asked why he did not compose more than he did, he replied that his brother Anton "composed enough for three "

Worklist (incomplete)
Op  11 - Two mazurkas
Op  13 - Bolero
Op  14 - Tarentelle in G minor (pub  1861 for solo piano; pub  1877 for piano duet; also arranged for 2 pianos)
Op  15 - Polka for piano in E-flat major
Op  16 - Valse in A-flat major (later arranged for 2 pianos)
Op  17 - Scene de Bal (later arranged for 2 pianos)
WoO - Two Feuilles d'Album

Notes
Passage 4:
Robert W  Levering
Robert Woodrow Levering (October 3, 1914 – August 11, 1989) was a U S  Representative from Ohio, son-in-law of Usher L  Burdick and brother-in-law of Quentin N  Burdick 

Biography
Born near Fredericktown, Ohio was son of Gertrude Alice and Daniel Lloyd Levering, Levering graduated from Fredericktown High School  He earned his Bachelor of Arts in 1936 from Denison University, Granville, Ohio, and his Bachelor of Laws in 1940 from George Washington University Law School, Washington, D C   He was a librarian at the Library of Congress from 1937 to 1941, and was a lawyer in private practice 
Levering was in the United States Army Reserve  As a civilian attorney working for the United States War Department in Manila, Philippines, he became a prisoner of war during World War II from 1942 to 1945  He served as assistant attorney general of Ohio from 1949 to 1950  He was an unsuccessful Democratic candidate for election to Congress in 1948, 1950, 1954, and 1956 
Levering was elected as a Democrat to the Eighty-sixth Congress (January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961)   He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Eighty-seventh Congress in 1960 and for election in 1962  He died on August 11, 1989, in Fredericktown, Ohio, and his remains were cremated 

Publications
Levering, Robert (1948)  Horror trek; a true story of Bataan, the death march and three and one-half years in Japanese prison camps  Horstman Printing Co  ISBN 0806210362  OCLC 1168285 
Passage 5:
Vasily Karatygin
Vasily Andreevich Karatygin (Russian: Василий Андреевич Каратыгин) (10 March [O S  26 February] 1802–-25 March [O S  13 March] 1853) was a leading actor of Russian Romanticism 
Karatygin joined the Bolshoi Theatre in St Petersburg in 1820 and moved to the Alexandrine Theatre in 1832  He particularly excelled in the numerous productions of Shakespeare's and Schiller's plays, rivalling Moscow's Pavel Mochalov as the greatest Russian actor of his time  The two volumes of his Memoirs are invaluable 
Like other actors of his theatre, Karatygin was buried at the Smolensky Cemetery on Vasilievsky Island  His remains were later transferred to the national pantheon, the Alexander Nevsky Lavra  His wife Alexandra Kolosova was admired for her roles in Molière's comedies 
Passage 6:
Wyndham Goold
Wyndham Goold (1812-1854) was a Member of Parliament (MP) for County Limerick from 1850 to 1854 Goold was educated at Westminster School and Trinity College, Dublin  He was the son  of Frederick Falkiner Goold, Archdeacon of Raphoe and Caroline  Newcomen, and brother in law of Bishop Hamilton Verschoyle
Passage 7:
Pavel Petrovich Bulakhov
Pavel Petrovich Bulakhov (Russian: Павел Петрович Булахов; 1824–1875) was a Russian composer, and brother of Pyotr Bulakhov



ground_truth: Milan

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Who is Pyotr Karatygin's sibling-in-law?

The following are given passages.
Context 3: 
Passage 8:
Pyotr Karatygin
Pyotr Andreyevich Karatygin (Russian: Пётр Андреевич Каратыгин, 11 July 1805, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire – 6 October 1879, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire) was a Russian dramatist and actor  The tragic actor Vasily Karatygin (1802-1853) was his brother Karatygin debuted on stage in 1823 and rose to fame performing in Alexander Griboyedov's Woe from Wit (the parts of Zagoretsky, Repetilov and Chatsky)  From 1832 to 1838 he was head of the Drama department in the Saint Petersburg Theatre College, where he discovered and tutored several future Russian stage stars, including Alexander Martynov 
Pyotr Karatygin wrote 68 plays, 53 of them vaudevilles, mostly elaborate variations on foreign plays and Russian novels  In the 1860s and 1870s he wrote a series of short memoirs on the history of the Russian theatre  Edited and previewed by his son, Pyotr Karatygin's Notes were serialized by Russkaya Starina in 1872–1879, to much critical acclaim 
Passage 9:
Robert Vadra
Robert Vadra (born 18 April 1969) is an Indian businessman, entrepreneur and the husband of Priyanka Gandhi  He is the son-in-law of Sonia Gandhi and the brother-in-law of Rahul Gandhi 

Early life and family
Robert Vadra was born to Rajendra and Maureen Vadra on 18 April 1969  His father's family is of Punjabi descent settled in Moradabad district, Uttar Pradesh  His paternal family is originally from Sialkot in present-day Pakistan  Rajendra's father moved to India at the time of partition  His mother Maureen (née McDonagh) is of Scottish origin  Rajendra was a resident of Civil Lines, Moradabad and ran a brass and wood handicrafts business  Vadra has only completed his high school education Robert Vadra's brother Richard died by suicide and his sister Michelle died in a car accident in 2001  His father was found dead on April 3, 2009 in City Inn, a guest house in the Yusuf Sarai area of Delhi 

Politics
In January 2002, Vadra issued a notice in print newspaper distancing himself from his father and brother as they were misusing his relationship with the Nehru–Gandhi family to make money while promising jobs and other favours  Following this, Sonia Gandhi, the then Congress president also issued a notice to all Congress CMs, state unit heads and senior party members to stay away from Vadra and his family Until 2012, while Vadra was mostly in the background, he became a target for several opposition parties after the 2012 anti-corruption movement, India against corruption made allegations against him  These allegations got further politicization after several instances of Congress party spokespersons defending allegations on Vadra, stating he was a soft target While Vadra is not into active politics he has been actively campaigning for his brother-in-law Rahul Gandhi and mother-in-law Sonia Gandhi  In the Lok Sabha elections of 2019, he campaigned actively across India for several candidates  Recently on his 50th birthday, when asked about his intent to join active politics, Vadra stated it would happen 2–3 years later 

Controversies
DLF land grab case
In October 2011, he was accused by Arvind Kejriwal of taking an interest-free loan of 650 million and heavy bargains on land from DLF Limited in exchange for political favours  DLF responded that it had dealt with Vadra as a private entrepreneur, that the loan was Business Advance which was given, as per practice of trade, to make payments for land purchased from Vadra, that the company did not sell him land at a discounted price, and that no quid pro quo took place  Corporation Bank has denied ever providing an overdraft facility of that amount 

Bikaner land case
In February 2019, Rajasthan High Court issued summons to Vadra and his mother Maureen in relation to a 2015 case of illegal land transactions in Kolayat area of Bikaner  The enforcement directorate had filed a case against Vadra's company Skylight hospitality pvt ltd alleging purchase of 69 55 bigha (approx  28 acres) land in connivance with Rajasthan government officials at sub market rates (7 2 million) and then selling them at exorbitantly higher prices to gain illegal profits  The company had been issued a notice under Prevention of money laundering act in 2016  Subsequently, the company approached Delhi HC and Supreme court in April 2018 for reassessment of their transactions, however the court directed Vadra to appear before the ED and cooperate in investigations  In recent development, the ED has attached the assets of Vadra's company Skylight valued at 46 2 million after Vadra appeared before ED ignoring several previous summons  In January 2020, during his interrogation with the ED, Vadra stated that he had viewed the land locations on Google maps, but could not recollect the source for the funds he used to purchase those 

Gurugram Rajiv Gandhi Trust land grab case
Passage 10:
Greg Penner
Gregory Boyd Penner (born December 18, 1969) is an American businessman and venture capitalist  Penner was named the chairman of Walmart in June 2015  He is the son-in-law of S  Robson Walton and the grandson-in-law of Sam Walton, the founder of Walmart  He is part-owner and CEO of the Denver Broncos 

Early life
Penner is the son of Clifford and Joyce Penner, sex therapists based in Pasadena, California  They have published sex-advice books from a Christian perspective He earned a degree from  Georgetown University, where he majored in international economics, and an MBA from the Stanford Graduate School of Business in 1997 

Career
He worked as a financial analyst at Goldman Sachs Prior to being named Walmart chairman, Penner held a variety of roles at Walmart  He started as a store employee and eventually became the CFO of Walmart Japan  He was appointed to the Walmart board of directors in 2008 and was named vice-chairman in 2014 Penner is the founder of Madrone Capital Partners, an investment firm located in Menlo Park, California  He is on the board of directors of Baidu, eHarmony, Hyatt Hotels, Teach for America, and co-chair of Charter School Growth Fund On August 9, 2022, the NFL owners approved the purchase of the Denver Broncos by a syndicate consisting of Penner, his wife Carrie, S  Robson Walton, Condoleezza Rice, Mellody Hobson, and Sir Lewis Hamilton  The next day, the Broncos announced that Penner would also be taking over as the team's new CEO after Joe Ellis stepped down from the position  In his role, Penner is operating head of the franchise  He will have primary responsibility for the Broncos' day-to-day football and business operations in collaboration with his partners in the Walton-Penner Family Ownership Group 

Personal life
Penner is married to Carrie Walton Penner, the daughter of S  Robson Walton  Penner met his wife while they were undergraduates at Georgetown University  They have four children and live in Atherton, California 



ground_truth: Alexandra Kolosova