prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Do director of film Betrayal (1932 Film) and director of film The Godsend (Film) share the same nationality?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Gabrielle Beaumont
Gabrielle Beaumont (7 April 1942 – 8 October 2022) was a British film and television director 
Her directing credits range from Hill Street Blues to Star Trek: The Next Generation  She became the first woman to direct an episode of Star Trek, with the episode "Booby Trap"  Beaumont lobbied to have Joan Collins cast as Alexis Colby in Dynasty Beaumont was best known for directing, writing and producing the television special Diana: A Tribute to the People's Princess  She directed a film version of Bernard Taylor's The Godsend Daphne du Maurier was her cousin Beaumont died at her home in Fornalutx on 8 October 2022, at the age of 80 

Selected filmography
Sources:
Diana: A Tribute to the People's Princess
Beastmaster III: The Eye of Braxus
The Other Woman
Moment of Truth: Cradle of Conspiracy
Fatal Inheritance
Riders
Star Trek: The Next Generation
L A  Law
He's My Girl
Hill Street Blues
Gone Are the Dayes
Secrets of a Mother and Daughter
Dynasty
Death of a Centerfold: The Dorothy Stratten Story
M*A*S*H
The Waltons
The Godsend
Passage 2:
The Godsend (film)
The Godsend is a 1980 British horror film directed by Gabrielle Beaumont, written by Olaf Pooley, and starring Malcolm Stoddard, Cyd Hayman, Angela Pleasence, Patrick Barr, Wilhelmina Green, and Joanne Boorman  It follows a family who adopt an infant girl from a strange woman, only to find that, as they raise her, their other children begin to die in a series of mysterious accidents  It is based on the 1976 novel The Godsend by Bernard Taylor  The film was released in the United States on 11 January 1980 by The Cannon Group, Inc 

Plot
Alan and Kate Marlowe are out an walk with their kids, Davy, Lucy, Sam, and baby Matthew  Kate meets a pregnant stranger and she comes home with them  It is apparent that Alan finds something "off" about her right away, as she intensely stares at him, but he does not say anything  Left briefly unattended, she cuts their telephone line  Alan is about to drive her home, but she goes into labor, and Kate helps her deliver a baby girl  The next day, Kate sees the woman is gone, having abandoned the child with them  Despite Alan's reservations, Kate wants to keep the baby, whom they name Bonnie  Later on, they find Matthew dead in a playpen with Bonnie 
At a family picnic, Davy and Bonnie wander off, and they search for them desperately  Kate finds Bonnie on the bank of a creek with scratches on her hands, while Alan finds that Davy has drowned in the creek  Alan attempts to perform CPR on Davy, but is unsuccessful  Later, Kate and Alan agree that the scratches on Bonnie must have been from Davy saving her  Bonnie starts to break things and Sam gets blamed for them, despite him saying he did not do it  Kate attributes this to Sam's jealousy of Bonnie  One day, the family is playing hide and seek and Alan finds Sam dead in a barn  Later, Alan finds Bonnie's ribbon next to where Sam's body was 
The Marlowes begin to receive letters accusing them of killing their children and Kate falls into a depression  When a reporter comes to their house and upsets Kate, Alan agrees to move the family to London  Bonnie becomes ill with the mumps, and purposely kisses Alan as he takes a nap  He becomes ill with the mumps too, and has a flashback in a dream, to the circumstances of the deaths of his sons, and Bonnie being nearby in each one 
At a playground, Alan watches Bonnie throw an unoccupied swing in the path of a swing Lucy is swinging on  The chains on the swing twist together, but Lucy does not fall off, and Alan is able to save her before she is hurt  Alan tries to discuss his concerns about Bonnie with Kate, saying she is not normal  Kate strongly disagrees, saying that Bonnie loves Lucy and was only playing  Alan says Bonnie loves Lucy the same way she loved their three boys, and Kate is disgusted at the insinuation  Alan tells Kate his theories about Bonnie being involved in the deaths, but she is still in disbelief  Alan uses an analogy about Bonnie, saying that a cuckoo lays its eggs in another nest, and the fledgling pushing the others out to get the full attention of the parents 
Alan wants to send Bonnie away, but Kate refuses, so he kidnaps Lucy  Alan goes to see Kate, who is distraught that Alan will not tell her where Lucy is  Alan gives Kate an ultimatum to choose Bonnie or Lucy  She refuses to do so and he leaves  Later, they find out that Kate has had an accident and is in the hospital  Alan rushes back to London, where he learns that Kate had been pregnant, but miscarried due to the accident 
Back at their apartment, Alan finds out from neighbor, Mr  Taverner, that Kate tripped over a doll at the top of a staircase and that Mrs  Taverner has taken Bonnie on a trip  Kate comes to Alan's work to tell him she wants a divorce  He is alarmed to learn that Bonnie is home alone with Lucy  Alan calls Lucy, telling her to go next door to the Taverners  Bonnie has them locked in, and as Kate and Alan get home, Bonnie has used mind control on Lucy to make her jump out of a window to her death  Alan tries to kill Bonnie, but Mr  Taverner pulls him off of her  Kate decides to stay with Bonnie, and Alan leaves her  At a park, Alan sees the strange woman who gave birth to Bonnie, and is now pregnant, and talking to the mother  He runs after them to warn the family, but they are already gone 

Cast
Release
The Cannon Group, Inc  released The Godsend theatrically in the United States on 11 January 1980, premiering it in Los Angeles  It screened in numerous U S  cities through the following weeks, as well as in Canada  The film screened in the United Kingdom in June 1981 as a double feature alongside Schizoid (1980) 

Critical response
Joe Pollack of the St  Louis Post-Dispatch wrote that, "though not a perfect film, [it] is a pretty good example     The film has moments when it drags, but it has many others that are both fascinating and scary " The Austin American-Statesman's Patrick Taggart panned the film as "nothing but a study in how decent actors—Malcolm Stoddard and Cyd Hayman—are made to throw talent into a bottomless pit of ineptness on all fronts " Bob Curtright of The Wichita Eagle praised the film as "a cut above similar fare  It's low-key and sneaky rather an extravagant and graphic "George Meyer, a film professor and critic, wrote in The Tampa Tribune that, "instead of frightening the viewer with costly gimmicks, Beaumont exploits some basic human fears, most of them involving our protective feelings about children," adding that while the film "makes good use of its limitations, it retains the look and feel of a limited effort  If it weren't for those few squirmy moments, the film's appeal would be even more limited " John Dodd of the Edmonton Journal commended the film's focus on suspense over graphic violence, but felt it would have been better-suited as a television film 

Home media
Scream Factory released the film on Blu-ray in 2015 as part of a double-feature with The Outing (1987)  The disc went out-of-print in February 2021 
Passage 3:
Peter Levin
Peter Levin is an American director of film, television and theatre 

Career
Since 1967, Levin has amassed a large number of credits directing episodic television and television films  Some of his television series credits include Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, James at 15, The Paper Chase, Family, Starsky & Hutch, Lou Grant, Fame, Cagney & Lacey, Law & Order and Judging Amy Some of his television film credits include Rape and Marriage: The Rideout Case (1980), A Reason to Live (1985), Popeye Doyle (1986), A Killer Among Us (1990), Queen Sized (2008) and among other films  He directed "Heart in Hiding", written by his wife Audrey Davis Levin, for which she received an Emmy for Best Day Time Special in the 1970s 
Prior to becoming a director, Levin worked as an actor in several Broadway productions  He costarred with Susan Strasberg in "[The Diary of Ann Frank]" but had to leave the production when he was drafted into the Army  He trained at the Carnegie Mellon University  Eventually becoming a theatre director, he directed productions at the Long Wharf Theatre and the Pacific Resident Theatre Company  He also co-founded the off-off-Broadway Theatre [the Hardware Poets Playhouse] with his wife Audrey Davis Levin and was also an associate artist of The Interact Theatre Company 
Passage 4:
Hanro Smitsman
Hanro Smitsman, born in 1967 in Breda (Netherlands), is a writer and director of film and television 

Film and Television Credits
Films
Brothers (2017)
Schemer (2010)
Skin (2008)
Raak (aka Contact) (2006)
Allerzielen (aka All Souls) (2005) (segment "Groeten uit Holland")
Engel en Broer (2004)
2000 Terrorists (2004)
Dajo (2003)
Gloria (2000)
Depoep (2001)

Television
20 leugens, 4 ouders en een scharrelei (2013)
De ontmaskering van de vastgoedfraude (TV mini-series, 2013)
Moordvrouw (2012-)
Eileen (2 episodes, 2011)
Getuige (2011)
Vakantie in eigen land (2011)
De Reis van meneer van Leeuwen(2010)
De Punt (2009)
Roes (2 episodes, 2008)
Fok jou! (2006)
Van Speijk (2006)

Awards
In 2005, Engel en Broer won Cinema Prize for Short Film at the Avanca Film Festival In 2007, Raak (aka Contact) won the Golden Berlin Bear Award at the Berlin International Film Festival, the Spirit Award at the Brooklyn Film Festival, the first place jury prize for "Best Live Action under 15 minutes" at the Palm Springs International Short Film Festival, and the Prix UIP Ghent Award for European Short Films at the Flanders International Film Festival In 2008, Skin won the Movie Squad Award at the Nederlands Film Festival, an actor in the film also won the Best Actor Award   It also won the Reflet d’Or for Best Film at the Cinema tous ecrans Festival in Geneva in the same year 
Passage 5:
Betrayal (1932 film)
Betrayal is a 1932 British crime film directed by Reginald Fogwell and starring Stewart Rome, Marjorie Hume and Leslie Perrins  A woman attempts to save her husband from being hanged for a crime he didn't commit  It is based on a play No Crime of Passion by Hubert G  Griffith 

Cast
Stewart Rome as John Armytage
Marjorie Hume as Diana Armytage
Leslie Perrins as Clive Wilson
Henry Hewitt as Sir Robert Blackburn KC
J  Fisher White as John Lawrence KC
Frank Atherley as Judge
E  H  Williams as- Butler
Charles Childerstone as Doctor
Passage 6:
Brian Johnson (special effects artist)
Brian Johnson (born 29 June 1939 or 29 June 1940) is a British designer and director of film and television special effects 

Life and career
Born Brian Johncock, he changed his surname to Johnson during the 1960s  Joining the team of special effects artist Les Bowie, Johnson started his career behind the scenes for Bowie Films on productions such as On The Buses, and for Hammer Films   He is known for his special effects work on TV series including Thunderbirds (1965–66) and films including Alien (1979), for which he received the 1980 Academy Award for Best Visual Effects (shared with H  R  Giger, Carlo Rambaldi, Dennis Ayling and Nick Allder)  Previously, he had built miniature spacecraft models for Stanley Kubrick's 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey Johnson's work on Space: 1999 influenced the effects of the Star Wars films of the 1970s and 1980s  Impressed by his work, George Lucas visited Johnson during the production of the TV series to offer him the role of effects supervisor for the 1977 film  Having already been commissioned for the second series of Space: 1999, Johnson was unable to accept at the time  He worked on the sequel, The Empire Strikes Back (1980), whose special effects were recognised in the form of a 1981 Special Achievement Academy Award (which Johnson shared with Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren and Bruce Nicholson) 

Awards
Johnson has won Academy Awards for both Alien (1979) and The Empire Strikes Back (1980)  He was further nominated for an Academy Award for his work on Dragonslayer (1981)  In addition, Johnson is the recipient of a Saturn Award for The Empire Strikes Back and a BAFTA Award for James Cameron's  Aliens 

Filmography
Special effects
Director
Scragg 'n' Bones (2006)
Passage 7:
Rachel Feldman
Rachel Feldman is an American director of film and television and screenwriter of television films 

Life and career
Born in New York City, New York, Feldman began her career as a child actor performing extensively in commercials and television series Her credits as a television director include: ((The Rookie)), ((Criminal Minds)), ((Blue Bloods)), and some beloved shows like Doogie Howser, M D , The Commish, Dr  Quinn, Medicine Woman, Picket Fences, Sisters,Lizzie McGuire, at the start of her career  
She has written and directed several features including: Witchcraft III: The Kiss of Death (1991), Post Modern Romance (1993), She's No Angel (2001) starring Tracey Gold, Recipe for a Perfect Christmas (2005) starring Christine Baranski, Love Notes (2007) starring Laura Leighton, Lilly (2023) starring Patricia Clarkson 

Films
Feature Films
Lilly (2023) - Director/Writer
Love Notes (2007) - Writer
Recipe for a Perfect Christmas ((2005) - Writer
She's No Angel (2001) - Writer/Director
Witchcraft III: The Kiss of Death (1991)  - Director

Shorts
Here Now (2017) - Writer/Director
Happy Sad Happy (2014) - Writer/Director
Post Modern Romance (1993) - Writer/Director
Wunderkind (1984) - Writer/Director
Guistina (1981) - Writer/Director

Activism
Feldman is active in the fight for gender equality in the film and television industry  Her activism takes form in speaking out about issues such as equal pay, job stability for women, sexual harassment, sexual discrimination and female representation within the industry  Feldman is also an activist for women behind the camera, who can be seen in the Geena Davis produced documentary This Changes Everything 
Feldman was the former chair of the DGA Women's Steering Committee (WSC)  The focus of the WSC is to support and uplift women in the film and television industry 

Personal life and education
Feldman grew up in the Bronx and now lives in Los Angeles  She attended New York University where she received a Master of Fine Arts Degree and has taught classes in directing and screenwriting at the USC School of Cinematic Arts Feldman is married to artisan contractor and colorist Carl Tillmanns; together they have two children, Nora and Leon  They are both alumni of Sarah Lawrence College, where they first met 
Passage 8:
Ian Barry (director)
Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV 

Select credits
Waiting for Lucas (1973) (short)
Stone (1974) (editor only)
The Chain Reaction (1980)
Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)
Minnamurra (1989)
Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)
Ring of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)
Crimebroker (1993)
Inferno (1998) (TV movie)
Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)
Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)
The Doctor Blake Mysteries (2013)
Passage 9:
Howard W  Koch
Howard Winchel Koch (April 11, 1916 – February 16, 2001) was an American producer and director of film and television 

Life and career
Koch was born in New York City, the son of Beatrice (Winchel) and William Jacob Koch  His family was Jewish  He attended DeWitt Clinton High School and the Peddie School in Hightstown, New Jersey  He began his film career as an employee at Universal Studios office in New York then made his Hollywood filmmaking debut in 1947 as an assistant director  He worked as a producer for the first time in 1953 and a year later made his directing debut  In 1964, Paramount Pictures appointed him head of film production, a position he held until 1966 when he left to set up his own production company  He had a production pact with Paramount for over 15 years Among his numerous television productions, Howard W  Koch produced the Academy Awards show on eight occasions  Dedicated to the industry, he served as President of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences from 1977 to 1979  In 1990 the Academy honored him with The Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award and in 1991 he received the Frank Capra Achievement Award from the Directors Guild of America 
Together with actor Telly Savalas, Howard Koch owned the thoroughbred racehorse Telly's Pop, winner of several important California races for juveniles including the Norfolk Stakes and Del Mar Futurity 
Howard W  Koch suffered from Alzheimer's disease and died in at his home in Beverly Hills, California on February 16, 2001  He had two children from a marriage of 64 years to Ruth Pincus, who died in March 2009  In 2004, his son Hawk Koch was elected to the Board of Governors of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences 

Filmography
Director
Film (director)

Shield for Murder (1954)
Big House, U S A  (1955)
Untamed Youth (1957)
Bop Girl Goes Calypso (1957)
Jungle Heat (1957)
The Girl in Black Stockings (1957)
Fort Bowie (1957)
Violent Road (1958)
Frankenstein 1970 (1958)
Born Reckless (1958)
Andy Hardy Comes Home (1958)
The Last Mile (1959)
Badge 373 (1973)Television (director)

Maverick (1957) (1 episode)
Hawaiian Eye (1959) (2 episodes)
Cheyenne (1958) (1 episode)
The Untouchables (1959) (4 episodes)
The Gun of Zangara (1960) (TV movie taken from The Untouchables (1959 TV series))
Miami Undercover (1961) (38 episodes)
Texaco Presents Bob Hope in a Very Special Special: On the Road with Bing (1977)

Producer
Film (producer):

War Paint (1953)
Beachhead (1954)
Shield for Murder (1954)
Big House, U S A  (1955)
Rebel in Town (1956)
Frankenstein 1970 (1958)
Sergeants 3 (1962)
The Manchurian Candidate (1962)
Come Blow Your Horn (1963)
Robin and the 7 Hoods (1964)
The Odd Couple (1968)
On a Clear Day You Can See Forever (1970)
A New Leaf (1971)
Plaza Suite (1971)
Last of the Red Hot Lovers (1972)
Jacqueline Susann's Once Is Not Enough (1975)
The Other Side of Midnight (1977)
Airplane! (1980)
Some Kind of Hero (1982)
Airplane II: The Sequel (1982)
Ghost (1990)Television (producer)

Magnavox Presents Frank Sinatra (1973)
Passage 10:
Reginald Fogwell
Reginald Fogwell (23 November 1893, Dartmouth, Devon -1977) was a British film director, producer and screenwriter 

Selected filmography
Director

The Warning (1928)
Cross Roads (1930)
The Written Law (1930)
Madame Guillotine (1931)
Guilt (1931)
Betrayal (1932)
The Wonderful Story (1932)
Murder at the Cabaret (1936)Screenwriter

Two Can Play (1926)
The Guns of Loos (1928)
Glorious Youth (1929)
Warned Off (1930)
Such Is the Law (1930)
Prince of Arcadia (1933)
Two Hearts in Waltz Time (1934)
Context 2: Passage 1:
Jim Ramel Kjellgren
Jim Love Ramel Kjellgren, (born 18 July 1987) is a Swedish actor  He is the son of Lotta Ramel and Johan H:son Kjellgren and the grandchild of Povel Ramel  He is perhaps best known as the character Jonte in the SVT series Eva & Adam, he reprised the role in the film Eva & Adam – fyra födelsedagar och ett fiasko In 2020, Jim married Bernadette Gisele Hutson, who is French-American 

Filmography
1999–2000 – Eva & Adam (TV-series)
2001 – Eva & Adam – fyra födelsedagar och ett fiasko
2001 – Days Like This
2004 – Kyrkogårdsön
2005 – Storm
Passage 2:
Tulasi (actress)
Tulasi (or Tulasi Shivamani) is an Indian actress who primarily works in Telugu, Kannada, and Tamil cinema  She started her career as a child actress  Later she appeared in lead actress and supporting actress roles  She has acted in over 300 films in Telugu, Kannada, Tamil, Malayalam, and Bhojpuri languages  She won two Nandi Awards and one Filmfare Award 

Career
Tulasi made her debut in the Telugu language when she was three months old in 1967  For a song in a film, a baby was needed and Tulasi was placed in the cradle after actress Savitri had requested Tulasi's mother, who was a friend of her  She was featured in a song when she was three-and-half years old in Jeevanatarangalu and said that she became a full-fledged actor when she was four  She had never been to school She got married at age 28 to Kannada director Sivamani  She stated, "I met him in the morning and by evening we tied the knot"  They have one son, Sai Tarun  Tulasi decided to quit acting after getting married, working only occasionally as a voice actor in Telugu films, including ones by Mani Ratnam  When her son was around six years old, she received several mother character roles  She initially declined them all, but finally signed on one Kannada film, Excuse Me, in which she played mother to Divya Spandana and which became a big hit  After that she was doing three films a year in Kannada 
She began to act mainly in mother roles in Telugu and Tamil film industries  Her notable supporting roles include performances in Sasirekha Parinayam, Mr  Perfect, Darling, Srimanthudu, Iddarammayilatho, Nenu Local, Mahanati & Dear Comrade in Telugu and Pillaiyar Theru Kadaisi Veedu, Easan, Mankatha, Sundarapandian, Aadhalal Kadhal Seiveer and Pandiya Naadu in Tamil  Tulasi has said that Aadhalal Kadhal Seiveer, in which she had played mother to Manisha Yadav's character, changed her life and brought her an "identity as a screen mother"  Her portrayal of Chellamma in Pannaiyarum Padminiyum was praised too, with critics stating that she was "brilliant", and had given her "career best performance" 

Partial filmography
Awards
Nandi AwardsBest Child Actress - Seetamalakshmi (1978)
Best Child Actress - Sankarabharanam (1980)Filmfare Awards SouthFilmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress - Kannada - Josh
Passage 3:
Stokkseyrar-Dísa
Thordis Markusdottir (Þórdís Markúsdóttir), known as Stokkseyrar-Dísa (1668–1728), was an Icelandic magician (Galdrmaster)  She is known in history for her alleged magical powers  She is the subject of a least ten different folk sagas depicting her experiments within magic or Galdr 
Thordis Markusdottir belonged to the elite of the Iceland and was the grandchild of sheriff Torfi Erlendsson of Stafnes and related to Thormodus Torfæus, historian of the King of Denmark  She lived in Stokkseyri, thereby the name Stokkseyrar-Dísa  Some of the sagas around her centers on her magical duels with Eiríkur í Vogsósum 
Passage 4:
Elizabeth (biblical figure)
Elizabeth (also spelled Elisabeth; Hebrew: אֱלִישֶׁבַע / אֱלִישָׁבַע "My God has sworn", Standard Hebrew: Elišévaʿ / Elišávaʿ, Tiberian Hebrew: ʾĔlîšéḇaʿ / ʾĔlîšāḇaʿ; Greek: Ἐλισάβετ Elisabet / Elisavet) was the mother of John the Baptist, the wife of Zechariah, and maternal aunt of Mary, mother of Jesus, according to the Gospel of Luke and in Islamic tradition  She was past normal child-bearing age when she conceived and gave birth to John 

Biblical narrative
According to the Gospel of Luke chapter 1, Elizabeth was "of the daughters of Aaron"  She and her husband Zechariah/Zachariah were "righteous before God, walking in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord blameless" (1:5–7), but childless  While he was in the temple of the Lord (1:8–12), Zachariah was visited by the angel Gabriel:

But the angel said to him: “Do not be afraid, Zechariah; your wife Elizabeth will bear you a son, and you are to call him John  He will be a joy and delight to you, and many will rejoice because of his birth, for he will be great in the sight of the Lord  He is never to take wine or other fermented drink, and he will be filled with the Holy Spirit even before he is born 
Zachariah doubted whereby he could know this since both he and his wife were old  The angel identified himself as Gabriel and told Zachariah that he would be "dumb, and not able to speak" until the words were fulfilled, because he did not believe  When the days of his ministry were complete, he returned to his house (Luke 1:16–23) 

After this his wife Elizabeth became pregnant and for five months remained in seclusion  “The Lord has done this for me,” she said  “In these days he has shown his favor and taken away my disgrace among the people ”
According to the account, the angel Gabriel was then sent to Nazareth in Galilee to her relative Mary, a virgin, betrothed to a man called Joseph, and informed her that she would conceive by the Holy Spirit and bring forth a son to be called Jesus  Mary was also informed that her "relative Elizabeth" had begun her sixth month of pregnancy, and Mary traveled to "a town in the hill country of Judah", to visit Elizabeth (Luke 1:26–40) 

When Elizabeth heard Mary’s greeting, the baby leaped in her womb, and Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit  In a loud voice she exclaimed: "Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb  But why am I so favored, that the mother of my Lord should come to me? As soon as the sound of your greeting reached my ears, the baby in my womb leaped for joy  Blessed is she who has believed that the Lord would fulfill his promises to her!"
Matthew Henry comments, "Mary knew that Elizabeth was with child, but it does not appear that Elizabeth had been told anything of her relative Mary's being designed for the mother of the Messiah; and therefore what knowledge she appears to have had of it must have come by a revelation, which would be a great encouragement to Mary " After Mary heard Elizabeth's blessing, she spoke the words now known as the Magnificat (Luke 1:46–55)  

Mary stayed with Elizabeth for about three months and then returned home When it was time for Elizabeth to have her baby, she gave birth to a son  Her neighbors and relatives heard that the Lord had shown her great mercy, and they shared her joy On the eighth day they came to circumcise the child, and they were going to name him after his father Zechariah, but his mother spoke up and said, “No! He is to be called John ”They said to her, “There is no one among your relatives who has that name ”Then they made signs to his father, to find out what he would like to name the child  He asked for a writing tablet, and to everyone’s astonishment he wrote, “His name is John ” Immediately his mouth was opened and his tongue set free, and he began to speak, praising God 
That is the last mention of Elizabeth, who is not mentioned in any other chapter in the Bible  The chapter continues with the prophecy of Zachariah (known as the Benedictus,) and ends with the note that John "grew, and became strong in spirit, and was in the deserts" until his ministry to Israel began; so it is unknown how long Elizabeth and her husband lived after that (Luke 1:65–80) 
Since the Medieval era, Elizabeth's greeting, "Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb," has formed the second part of the Hail Mary prayer A traditional "tomb of Elizabeth" is shown in the Franciscan Monastery of Saint John in the Wilderness near Jerusalem 

Apocrypha
Elizabeth is mentioned in several books of the Apocrypha, most prominently in the Protevangelion of James, in which the birth of her son, the subsequent murder of her husband, as well as her and John's miraculous escape during the Massacre of the Innocents are chronicled 

Sainthood
Elizabeth is revered as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church on 5 November, and in the Orthodox and Anglican traditions on 5 September, on the same day with her husband Zacharias/Zechariah  She is commemorated as a matriarch in the Calendar of Saints (5 September) of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod and Zacharias is commemorated as a prophet She is also commemorated on 30 March in Eastern Orthodox Church (Visitation) 

Islam
Elizabeth (Arabic: Isha', daughter of Faqudh), the wife of Zakaria, the mother of Yahya, is an honored woman in Islam  Although Zachariah himself is frequently mentioned by name in the Qur'an, Elizabeth, while not mentioned by name, is referenced  She is revered by Muslims as a wise, pious and believing person who, like her relative Mary, was exalted by God to a high station  She lived in the household of Imran, and is said to have been a descendant of the prophet and priest Harun Zachariah and his wife were both devout and steadfast in their duties  They were, however, both very old and they had no son  Therefore, Zachariah would frequently pray to God for a son  This was not only out of the desire to have a son but also because the great Jesus wanted someone to carry on the services of the Temple of prayer and to continue the preaching of the Lord's message before his death 
God cured Elizabeth's barrenness and granted Zachariah a son, Yahya (John the Baptist), who became a prophet  God thus granted the wishes of the couple because of their faith, trust and love for God  In the Qur'an, God speaks of Zachariah, his wife, and John, and describes the three as being humble servants of the Lord:

So We listened to him: and We granted him John: We cured his wife's (Barrenness) for him  These (three) were ever quick in emulation in good works; they used to call on Us with love and reverence, and humble themselves before Us 
In Sunni Islamic reports of al-Tabari and al-Masudi, Elizabeth is said to have been a daughter of Imran, and thus, a sister of Mary  Therefore, their children Jesus (Isa) and John (Yahya) are believed to have been cousins  In other accounts, Elizabeth is said to be a daughter of Fakudh, and a sister of Imran's wife Hannah In Shia hadith she is named Hananah, and is identified as a sister of Mary's mother Hannah  Abu Basir recorded that Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq, the great grandson of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, had stated: "Hannah, the wife of Imran, and Hananah, the wife of Zechariah, were sisters  He goes on to say that Mary was born from Hannah and John was born from Hananah  Mary gave birth to Jesus and he was the son of the daughter of John's aunt  John was the son of the aunt of Mary, and the aunt of one's mother is like one's aunt "

Mandaeism
In Mandaeism, Enišbai (Classical Mandaic: ࡏࡍࡉࡔࡁࡀࡉ, romanized: ʿnišbai) is the Mandaic name for Elizabeth, the mother of John the Baptist  Enišbai is mentioned in chapters 18, 21, and 32 of the Mandaean Book of John 

See also
Gospel of Luke
Visitation (Catholic feast)
Ein Kerem, traditional home town of Elizabeth, Zechariah and John
Biblical figures in Islamic tradition
Saint Elizabeth, patron saint archive

Notes and references
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed  (1913)  "Hail Mary"  Catholic Encyclopedia  New York: Robert Appleton Company 

External links

Stained glass depiction of Elizabeth and Zachary, Cathédrale Saint-Etienne de Bourges
Passage 5:
Sobe (sister of Saint Anne)
Sobe, also known as Sovin, was the mother of St  Elizabeth and sister of St  Anne The Bible records only that Elizabeth was a descendant of Aaron and a cousin (or relative) of Mary  The name of Sobe first appears in writings of about the 7th century by Hippolytus of Thebes, Andrew of Crete, and Epiphanius Monachus, and later in Nicephorus Callistus and Andronicus  All recount essentially the same passage, given by the last two as follows:

There were three sisters of Bethlehem, daughters of Matthan the priest, and Mary his wife, under the reign of Cleopatra and Sosipatrus, before the reign of Herod, the son of Antipater: the eldest was Mary, the second was Sobe, the youngest's name was Anne  The eldest being married in Bethlehem, had for daughter Salome the midwife; Sobe the second likewise married in Bethlehem, and was the mother of Elizabeth; last of all the third married in Galilee, and brought forth Mary the mother of Christ 

The 19th-century mystic Anne Catherine Emmerich claims that according to her visions (which give a detailed genealogy of Mary), Sobe was a sister of Anne, but the mother of Elizabeth was Emerentia, Sobe and Anne's maternal aunt 

See also
List of names for the biblical nameless
Passage 6:
Constance Anne Herschel
Constance Anne Herschel (1855 - 1939), later known as Lady Lubbock, was a scientist and mathematician 
Herschel held the post of resident lecturer in natural sciences and mathematics at Girton College, Cambridge She was the child of Sir John Frederick William Herschel, and the grandchild of William Herschel  She wrote a family history of the famous scientific dynasty by compiling family sources, 'The Herschel Chronicle' She married Sir Neville Lubbock 
Passage 7:
Albina du Boisrouvray
Countess Albina du Boisrouvray (born 1941) is a former journalist and film producer who has become a global philanthropist and social entrepreneur working with AIDS victims and impoverished communities around the world  She is the founder of FXB International, a non-governmental organization established in memory of her son, François-Xavier Bagnoud
Context 3: Passage 1:
I'll Say It
"I'll Say It" is a song written by American musician Adam Schlesinger and recorded by comedian Kathy Griffin, released as the theme song for her show, Kathy  It was additionally used as the introduction music to her 2012 comedy special "Kennedie Center on Hers" and continued to be used in future specials  On August 20, 2012, Griffin released a seven track EP containing dance remixes of "I'll Say It" 

Music video
The music video begins in the day with Kathy Griffin in her house preparing her make-up  It shows her daily routine visiting her dogs, leaving the house and driving to a theater, ending with her on stage in her signature pose  The scenes are interlaced with various clips of Los Angeles, California 

Charts
Passage 2:
Kathy Griffin
Kathleen Mary Griffin (born November 4, 1960) is an American comedian and actress who has starred in television comedy specials and has released comedy albums  In 2007 and 2008, Griffin won Primetime Emmy Awards for her reality show Kathy Griffin: My Life on the D-List  She has also appeared in supporting roles in films 
Griffin was born in Oak Park, Illinois  In 1978, she moved to Los Angeles, where she studied drama at the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute and became a member of the improvisational comedy troupe The Groundlings  In the 1990s, Griffin began performing as a stand-up comedian and appeared as a guest star on television shows, including a supporting role on the NBC sitcom Suddenly Susan (1996–2000) 
The Bravo reality show Kathy Griffin: My Life on the D-List (2005–2010) became a ratings hit for the network and earned her two Emmy Awards for Outstanding Reality Program  Griffin has released six comedy albums, all of which received Grammy Award nominations  Her first album For Your Consideration (2008) made her the first female comedian to debut at the top of the Billboard Top Comedy Albums chart  In 2009, she released her autobiography Official Book Club Selection: A Memoir According to Kathy Griffin  After being nominated for six years in a row for the Grammy for Best Comedy Album, she won the award in 2014 
Griffin has recorded numerous standup comedy specials for HBO and Bravo  For the latter network, she has recorded sixteen television specials, breaking the Guinness World record for the number of aired television specials on any network  In 2011, she also became the first comedian to have four specials televised in a year  Griffin is an LGBTQ activist who supports same-sex marriage and the repeal of "Don't ask, don't tell"  She has participated in two United Service Organizations (USO) tours  Griffin is known for her conversational style and statements about celebrities, religion and sexuality, including holding a mask stylized as Donald Trump's severed head in 2017, which provoked a United States Secret Service investigation and later became the basis of her concert film A Hell of a Story (2019) 

Early life
Kathleen Mary Griffin was born on November 4, 1960, in the Chicago suburb Oak Park, Illinois, to Mary Margaret "Maggie" Griffin (née Corbally, 1920 – 2020) and John Patrick Griffin (1916 – 2007), both of whom were first-generation Irish-Americans  Kathy Griffin has four older siblings; Kenny (died in the 2000s), Joyce (died 2017), Gary (died 2014), and John  Griffin described herself during her early years as "a kid who needed to talk, all the time"  Her brother Gary and her sister Joyce both died from cancer She would often visit her neighbors to tell them stories about her family; she has referred to those visits as her first live shows where she learned "the power of juicy material"  After most of her siblings had moved, Griffin developed a binge eating disorder  In her 2009 autobiography Official Book Club Selection, Griffin said she "still suffers [from food issues]" but has learned to "deal with them" Griffin's eldest brother Kenny was a drug addict and homeless at various times; she said she was "afraid of him until the moment he died" because of his violent, abusive nature  When Kathy was seven, Kenny—who was thirty—would climb into her bed and whisper into her ears; Kathy did not tell her parents until she was in her twenties, at which point he admitted his pedophilia to them At elementary school, Griffin began to develop a dislike for organized religion because of the punishments she and other "vulnerable" students received from the nuns  At her high school, she sought refuge in musical theater, playing roles such as Rosemary in How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying and Hodel in Fiddler on the Roof  During her senior year, she wanted to become a professional actor  Her first appearance on television was as an extra on a Chicago White Sox commercial, and she was signed with several Chicago talent agencies  At 18, Griffin persuaded her parents to move to Los Angeles to help her become famous At 19, Griffin attended a performance by the improvisational group The Groundlings  She said, "I thought this is where I want to be  This is the greatest thing in the world "

Career
Stand-up comedy, television and film
Griffin began performing in the early 1990s in the Los Angeles improvisational comedy troupe The Groundlings  She went on to perform standup comedy and became part of the alternative comedy scene in Los Angeles  With Janeane Garofalo, she created a standup act called "Hot Cup of Talk", which became the title of her 1998 solo HBO special  Griffin earned a number of television and film credits during the 1990s  She appeared in Julie Brown's Medusa: Dare to Be Truthful, a Showtime parody of the 1991 Madonna film Truth or Dare  Griffin twice appeared as Susan Klein, a reporter on NBC's The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air; it was her television sitcom debut On June 12, 2008, Griffin hosted the first Bravo! Canada A-List Awards, which included a parody of  the "wardrobe malfunction"  experienced by Janet Jackson in the Super Bowl halftime show in 2004  She also hosted the 2009 Bravo A-List Awards, which aired on April 15, 2009, and her Bravo special Kathy Griffin: She'll Cut a Bitch aired beforehand  Shout! Factory released an extended version of the show on DVD in early 2010 On September 8, 2009, Ballantine Books published Griffin's memoir, titled Official Book Club Selection: A Memoir According to Kathy Griffin, which debuted at number one on The New York Times Best Seller list  A week prior, she released her second comedy album Suckin' It for the Holidays; it was her second bid to win a Grammy Award  It was announced on November 3, 2009, that Griffin was to host ABC's new show Let's Dance, on which celebrity contestants would have re-enacted famous dance routines while competing for a $250,000 grand prize for their favorite charity Griffin hosted CNN's New Year's Eve broadcast on December 31, 2009, along with Anderson Cooper  As Cooper talked about the Balloon boy hoax, Griffin said "fucking"  Although Griffin was rumored to have been banned from future CNN broadcasts, she co-hosted the show with Cooper until 2017  In 2017, CNN terminated Griffin from its New Year's Eve Broadcast after Griffin showed pictures of herself holding a bloody, model decapitated head resembling President Donald Trump  Griffin has also guest-starred in a 2009 episode of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, playing a lesbian activist Since the 2008 presidential election, Griffin has made frequent jokes about Republican vice-presidential contender Sarah Palin and her family  On US television program Glee, Griffin parodied Palin posing as a judge at a regional singing competition  Griffin also made fun of Christine O'Donnell in the show by stating, "Before we start, I would like to say I am not a witch" On January 7, 2012, it was announced that Griffin would host a weekly one-hour talk show on the channel Kathy, which would consist of standup routines, "rant about pop culture", and celebrity interviews  On April 8, 2013, during a live standup performance in Cincinnati, Ohio, Griffin announced that her show would not be renewed for a third season  She later confirmed it on her Twitter account  According to FOX 411, Bravo was planning to film several comedy specials starring Griffin after the show ended On June 13, 2014, it was announced that Griffin would host the 41st Daytime Emmy Awards  For the first time in the event's four-decade history, the show bypassed a network television airing for a live online streaming media event  The ceremony took place on June 22, 2014  Griffin's performance was well received by critics 

Guest co-host of The View
Kathy Griffin served as a co-host of The View from May 2007 to September 2007, replacing the recently departed Rosie O'Donnell  According to Griffin she is banned from The View after talking about the show on her televised comedy special, Kathy Griffin: Straight to Hell 
She declined to discuss the ban on Access Hollywood As of August 2009, Griffin had been un-banned from The View and was a guest on September 18, 2009, and June 15, 2010  In an interview on The Talk, Griffin stated she has been re-banned from The View due to an argument with its co-host Elisabeth Hasselbeck 

Laugh Your Head Off World Tour 2017–2018
In August 2017, Griffin announced a worldwide comedy tour  The title "Laugh Your Head Off" was a reference to her depiction of an effigy of U S  President Donald Trump's severed head  The tour visited major cities in Singapore, Australia, Germany, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and many more European, and Asian cities  Several shows sold out within minutes of going on sale, leading to Griffin adding several shows to the lineup  She continued with a North America leg of the tour, commencing May 23, 2018, in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and including both Radio City Music Hall and Carnegie Hall in New York City 

Controversies
Various talk shows bans
Griffin said she was banned from appearing on several television shows including The Tonight Show with Jay Leno and The View  She was re-banned from The View after making a joke about Barbara Walters  She says Ellen's producers told her they cannot have her "trashing celebrities" but she appeared as a guest on The Ellen DeGeneres Show on September 11, 2007  Griffin made a joke during a 2005 E! televised event saying eleven-year-old actor Dakota Fanning had entered drug rehabilitation 

Emmy Awards controversy
The second season of My Life on the D-List, which premiered June 2006, earned Griffin the 2007 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Reality Program, non-competition  She received it during the Creative Arts Emmy Awards, which was hosted by Carlos Mencia and aired on E! in September  Griffin said,

Now, a lot of people come up here and thank Jesus for this award  I want you to know that no one had less to do with this award than Jesus  He didn't help me a bit  If it was up to him, Cesar Millan would be up here with that damn dog  So all I can say is suck it, Jesus, this award is my God now!
Griffin later said she meant this remark as a satire of celebrities who thank Jesus for their awards, especially artists who are controversial in their speech and actions, rather than as a slight on Jesus  The academy said her "offensive remarks will not be part of the E! telecast on Saturday night"  Griffin said she was fired from an appearance on Hannah Montana because of her Emmy acceptance speech 

Ban from Apollo Theater
In a July 2009 episode of My Life on the D-List, Griffin used profanity in an Octomom joke during her routine at New York's Apollo Theater  Griffin said she received a letter banning her from the venue 

Depiction of Donald Trump
On May 30, 2017, Griffin posted a video of herself holding "a mask styled to look like the severed, bloody head" of then U S  President Donald Trump, in an obvious parody of the classical myth of Perseus and Medusa  It was posted on her Instagram and Twitter accounts  She wrote: "I caption this 'there was blood coming out of his eyes, blood coming out of his     wherever'", referencing a comment Trump had made about Megyn Kelly  The video was from a session with photographer Tyler Shields, who is known for producing "shocking" imagery  Griffin later took down the image and apologized for posting the image, saying she went too far and adding, "I beg for your forgiveness" On June 2, 2017, an attorney for Griffin, Lisa Bloom, stated, "Like many edgy works of artistic expression, the photo could be interpreted different ways  But Griffin never imagined that it could be misinterpreted as a threat of violence against Trump  That was never what she intended  She has never threatened or committed an act of violence against anyone " Griffin said the Trump family was "trying to ruin my life forever" In May 2017, Griffin was dropped by Squatty Potty as a spokesperson  CNN fired her from its New Year's Eve broadcast with Anderson Cooper  Cooper said, "For the record, I am appalled by the photo shoot Kathy Griffin took part in  It is clearly disgusting and completely inappropriate " All of Griffin's remaining scheduled tour dates were canceled by their venues  During an interview on Australian television in August 2017, Griffin talked about the photo, saying, "Stop acting like my little picture is more important than talking about the actual atrocities that the president of the United States is committing"  In November 2017, she appeared on Skavlan, where she said, "I take that apology back by the way  I take it back big time"  Griffin said she had received a lot of bad advice at the time On October 28, 2017, Griffin uploaded a YouTube video titled "Kathy Griffin: A Hell of a Story", which is about the backlash she received for the Trump photo controversy  It was the basis for her A Hell of a Story concert film  She said she was under a federal investigation by the Justice Department for two months and was on the No Fly List during that time  She also said she was put on the Interpol list, the Five Eyes list, and had been detained at every airport during her Laugh Your Head Off World Tour On November 4, 2020 (her 60th birthday and the day after the 2020 United States presidential election), Griffin once again posted a photo of her posing with a model of Donald Trump's bloody, decapitated head 

Twitter suspension
On November 6, 2022, Griffin was suspended from Twitter for impersonating Elon Musk  Griffin used his profile photo and changed her name on the service, tweeting under his name imploring people to vote for Democrats in the upcoming midterm elections and encouraging them to retweet and spread her post  She also posted that she, posing as Musk, had decided to vote blue to support women's rights  Musk tweeted the same day that anyone impersonating a public figure would be permanently suspended unless the account was clearly marked as parody  On the next day, Griffin posted on her deceased mother's Twitter account, calling Musk an "asshole"  She further challenged the site's policy that she had used her Twitter profile for impersonation  Musk tweeted sardonically in reply to another tweet, "Actually she was suspended for impersonating a comedian " On November 18, Elon Musk announced that her account has been reinstated due to new rules concerning "negative/hate tweets" 

Style of humor
Griffin developed her love of popular culture through her immediate and extended family, who were frequently commenting about the latest news  She said; "I may have been into The Brady Bunch like every other kid, but I also wanted to watch John Lennon and Yoko Ono on The Dick Cavett Show, and every minute of the Watergate hearings  It was
fear of the dinner table that got me hooked " She has also named her mother Maggie as influential in her consumption of pop culture, calling her "the ideal audience for the Hollywood dish"  Griffin named the character Rhoda Morgenstern of 1970s sitcom The Mary Tyler Moore Show as an influence Griffin established her career with candid observations of everyday life and her dating experiences, later focusing on mocking celebrities; her act currently consists of embellished stories involving celebrities  Griffin hopes people understand that no malice is intended by her humor  "I'm genuinely a fan of most of the people I trash in the act", she said; "I really, really try and focus on making fun of people for their behavior  I'm not so into making fun of someone for the way they look, or something that's out of their control "Griffin is sometimes the object of her own humor, particularly with regard to her D-list status  She portrays herself as a Hollywood outsider and has a group of close celebrity friends such as Rosie O'Donnell, Joan Rivers, Jerry Seinfeld, Gloria Estefan, and Lance Bass  Her longtime friendship with Bass was the catalyst for a feud between Griffin and gossip blogger Perez Hilton In 2007, Griffin commented on her aversion to making fun of celebrity friends; "There's nothing I won't do, but on the other hand I'm full of shit because that changes"  Griffin and Hilton ended their feud after the death of Griffin's father, and Hilton appeared on an episode of Griffin's show in 2007 

LGBT rights and political advocacy
Griffin is a supporter for LGBT rights, including same-sex marriage  She has protested with fellow proponents in West Hollywood, California, and included the footage from protests on her reality show Kathy Griffin: My Life on the D-List  Her mother is also a supporter of LGBT rights and is seen on the same show protesting alongside her daughter  Prior to the Proposition 8 ballot results, Griffin volunteered for the Los Angeles Gay and Lesbian Center's "Vote for Equality" campaign, going door-to-door asking Los Angeles residents for their opinion of LGBT marriage rights In March 2010, Griffin helped organize a rally in Washington, D C , to advocate the repeal of "Don't ask, don't tell"  She stated she organized the rally after meeting with several closeted gay people serving in Iraq and Afghanistan  Griffin held meetings with several Members of Congress to encourage its repeal; she also organized a rally in Freedom Plaza Griffin caused controversy when she confronted Republican Congresswoman Michele Bachmann over her views on homosexuality at the 2010 Radio and Television Correspondents' Association Dinner; according to Griffin, she asked Bachmann "were you born a bigot or did you grow into it", a reference to Bachmann's belief homosexuality is strictly environmental  Griffin said Bachmann replied, "That's a good question, I'll have to think about that"  Bachmann's office confirmed the exchange but said Griffin confronted Bachmann after Bachmann approached Griffin to compliment her appearance Griffin is a long-time supporter of the Aid for AIDS annual fundraiser Best in Drag Show in Los Angeles, and hosted the opening of the show for more than five years  In November 2009, Aid For AIDS presented Kathy Griffin with an AFA Angel Award at their silver anniversary celebration Griffin is a long-time critic of Sarah Palin and has made fun of Palin's daughter, Bristol Palin, using the Palin family as material for her comedy routines  In March 2011, Sarah Palin responded to Griffin by calling her a "bully"  In her reality television show, Griffin visited the Palin family home in Wasilla, Alaska, and invited Palin to attend her stand-up show in Anchorage, Alaska  Griffin has also poked fun at Willow Palin as a result of Palin's Facebook statements on homosexuality In 2020, Griffin hosted the Str8Up Gay Porn Awards 

Personal life
Griffin  is an atheist  Speaking to Sacramento's Outword Magazine, Griffin said: "    I think I'm getting more atheist because of the way the country is getting more into bible-thumping"  She also describes herself as a "non-believer"  In her book Official Book Club Selection: A Memoir According to Kathy Griffin, Griffin said that while in high school, she fell away from the Roman Catholic Church  She considered becoming a Unitarian but was not sure what that would involve  On March 9, 2008, Kathy Griffin became an ordained minister with the Universal Life Church In a 2006 interview, Griffin said she does not drink alcohol Griffin is an opponent of LASIK eye surgery, having had a series of operations that left her partially blind in one eye with a visible eyeball deformity Griffin's only sister, Joyce Patricia Griffin, died in September 2017, from an undisclosed form of cancer  Kathy had shaved her head in solidarity with her in late July  Her brother Gary died of esophageal cancer in 2014  Her estranged eldest brother, Kenny, died in October 2001 in their mother's arms Her father, John Patrick Griffin, died of heart failure on February 17, 2007; he was 91 years old  The episode related to his death was aired on June 19, 2007  Her mother, Maggie Griffin, who was featured in her reality show, died on March 17, 2020  In a post on her social media accounts, Griffin stated, "I am gutted  My best friend  I am shaking  I won't ever be prepared  I'm so grateful you guys got to be part of her life  You knew her  You loved her  She knew it  Oh, and OF COURSE she went on St  Patrick's Day "She placed 17th on Oxygen's 2007 list of "The 50 Funniest Women Alive"  In 2009, a Golden Palm Star on the Palm Springs, California, Walk of Stars was dedicated to her In August 2021, Griffin announced that she had been diagnosed with lung cancer, despite not being a smoker, and needed to have half of her left lung removed  She underwent surgery the same month In April 2023, Griffin revealed she was diagnosed with an "extreme case" of PTSD 

Marriage and relationships
Griffin married computer administrator Matt Moline in 2001, after being introduced by Moline's sister, television producer Rebecca Moline  They divorced in May 2006  On Larry King Live, Griffin accused Moline of stealing $72,000 from her; Matt Moline did not respond to the allegation publicly but stated he was saddened by it In July 2007, rumors that Griffin was dating Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak circulated  Griffin and Wozniak attended the 2007 Emmy Awards together  On Tom Green's House Tonight on February 6, 2008, Griffin confirmed her relationship with Wozniak  Wozniak and Griffin served as King and Queen of the Humane Society of Silicon Valley Fur Ball on April 5, 2008, in Santa Clara, California  In June 2008, it was confirmed that Griffin and Wozniak were no longer dating On August 9, 2009, Griffin attended the Teen Choice Awards with Levi Johnston and subsequently interviewed him on Larry King Live  In the interview, Griffin and Johnston joked that they were in a serious relationship On March 7, 2011, while appearing on The Howard Stern Show, Griffin announced she was romantically involved with actor and former NFL practice-squad player Isaiah Mustafa  Mustafa later stated he was single In the same interview, she stated the previous July, she had ended a four-year relationship with a man she did not identify but said he is "a regular guy with a regular job", and that it was a "messy breakup"  It was later revealed the man is Griffin's tour manager, who had appeared on several seasons of My Life on the D List From 2012 until November 2018, Griffin was in a relationship with marketing executive Randy Bick  They reconciled in April 2019  She resided in the Hollywood Hills from 2004 to 2016  She has resided in Bel Air since  Griffin married Bick at her home on January 1, 2020, in a ceremony officiated by comedian Lily Tomlin 

Filmography
Film
Television
Other
Stand-up specials
Discography
On June 10, 2008, Griffin released a comedy CD titled For Your Consideration  The disc was recorded at the ETK Theatre at the Grand Theatre Center For The Arts in Tracy, California on February 17, 2008  Griffin stated she decided to release the CD to try to win a Grammy award On August 25, 2009, Griffin released a second comedy album, Suckin' It for the Holidays, in another bid for a Grammy Griffin received her third Grammy nomination for Kathy Griffin: Does the Bible Belt in 2010, On May 4, 2012, the full length version of "I'll Say It", the theme song of her show Kathy, was released to iTunes as a single 
On August 20, 2012, Griffin released a seven-track EP containing dance remixes of "I'll Say It" 

Bibliography
Official Book Club Selection: A Memoir According to Kathy Griffin  Ballantine Books  2009  ISBN 978-0345518569 
Kathy Griffin's Celebrity Run-Ins: My A-Z Index  Flatiron Books  2016  ISBN 978-1250115638 

Awards and nominations
Primetime Emmy Awards
Emmy Awards source:
Grammy Awards
Grammy Awards source:
GLAAD Media Awards

PGA Awards

Gracie Awards
Passage 3:
Bernie Bonvoisin
Bernard Bonvoisin (French pronunciation: ​[bɛʁnaʁ bɔ̃vwazɛ̃]), known as Bernie Bonvoisin (French pronunciation: ​[bɛʁni bɔ̃vwazɛ̃], born 9 July 1956 in Nanterre, Hauts-de-Seine), is a French hard rock singer and film director  He is best known for having been the singer of Trust 
He was one of the best friends of Bon Scott the singer of AC/DC and together they recorded the song "Ride On" which was one of the last songs by Bon Scott 

External links
Bernie Bonvoisin at IMDb
Passage 4:
Ruth Lowe
Ruth Lowe (August 12, 1914 – January 4, 1981) was a Canadian pianist and songwriter  She composed the first Billboard top 80 song "I'll Never Smile Again" 

Early life
Born in Toronto but raised in Glendale, California, Lowe returned to her birth country of Canada as a young woman and began working as a pianist  In 1936, Lowe was working in the 'Song Shop' in Toronto when Ina Ray Hutton brought her all-female band (the Melodears) to town  Her piano player had taken ill, and Hutton was frantically trying to locate a good-looking blonde lady replacement  Lowe auditioned, and became the regular pianist in Ina Ray's band  At age 23 in 1938, Lowe married Harold Cohen, a Chicago music publicist  It was a happy marriage that only lasted one year until Cohen's death during an operation in 1939  In her deep grief, Lowe returned to live in Toronto  In her apartment, she composed "I'll Never Smile Again" 

Songwriter
The song "I'll Never Smile Again" was first heard on the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's (CBC) radio program Music By Faith, in an arrangement by Canadian musician Percy Faith, who would soon go on to fame in the US and the world  Approximately a year later, Lowe passed a copy of the tune to a guitarist in the Tommy Dorsey band, Carmen Mastren, hoping to have Dorsey hear the tune  Dorsey initially passed on the song, giving it to Glenn Miller, but then had it arranged for his young singer, Frank Sinatra, and the Pied Pipers  It was an early, major hit song for Sinatra  Lowe wrote the lyrics for another Frank Sinatra hit, "Put Your Dreams Away (For Another Day)"  She and her son Tom Sandler wrote the song "Take Your Sins to the River" for The Travellers 

Personal life and legacy
In 1945, Lowe married Nathan Sandler and the union produced two sons, Tommy and Stephen Lowe died of cancer in 1981  "I'll Never Smile Again" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1982 In 2020, Until I Smile at You: How One Girl’s Heartbreak Electrified Frank Sinatra’s Fame!, a biography written by Peter Jennings with Tom Sandler, Lowe’s son, was published by Castle Carrington Publishing In 2021, Ruth's Wonderful Song, a children's book biography by Jennings, was published by Tellwell Talent 
Passage 5:
Caspar Babypants
Caspar Babypants is the stage name of children's music artist Chris Ballew, who is also the vocalist and bassist of The Presidents of the United States of America 

History
Ballew's first brush with children's music came in 2002, when he recorded and donated an album of traditional children's songs to the nonprofit Program for Early Parent Support titled "PEPS Sing A Long!" Although that was a positive experience for him, he did not consider making music for families until he met his wife, collage artist Kate Endle  Her art inspired Ballew to consider making music that "sounded like her art looked" as he has said  Ballew began writing original songs and digging up nursery rhymes and folk songs in the public domain to interpret and make his own  The first album, Here I Am!, was recorded during the summer of 2008 and released in February 2009 
Ballew began to perform solo as Caspar Babypants in the Seattle area in January 2009  Fred Northup, a Seattle-based comedy improvisor, heard the album and offered to play as his live percussionist   Northrup also suggested his frequent collaborator Ron Hippe as a keyboard player  "Frederick Babyshirt" and "Ronald Babyshoes" were the Caspar Babypants live band from May 2009 to April 2012  Both Northup and Hippe appear on some of his recordings but since April 2012 Caspar Babypants has exclusively performed solo  The reasons for the change were to include more improvisation in the show and to reduce the sound levels so that very young children and newborns could continue to attend without being overstimulated  
Ballew has made two albums of Beatles covers as Caspar Babypants  Baby Beatles! came out in September 2013 and Beatles Baby! came out in September 2015 
Ballew runs the Aurora Elephant Music record label, books shows, produces, records, and masters the albums himself  Distribution for the albums is handled by Burnside Distribution in Portland, Oregon 
Caspar Babypants has released a total of 17 albums  The 17th album, BUG OUT!, was released on May 1, 2020  His album FLYING HIGH! was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Children's Album  All 17 of the albums feature cover art by Ballew's wife, Kate Endle 
"FUN FAVORITES!" and "HAPPY HITS!" are two vinyl-only collections of hit songs that Caspar Babypants has released in the last couple of years 

Discography
AlbumsPEPS (2002)
Here I Am! (Released 03/17/09) Special guests: Jen Wood, Fysah Thomas
More Please! (Released 12/15/09) Special guests: Fred Northup, Ron Hippe
This Is Fun! (Released 11/02/10)  Special guests: Fred Northup, Ron Hippe, Krist Novoselic, Charlie Hope
Sing Along! (Released 08/16/11) Special guests: Fred Northup, Ron Hippe, "Weird Al" Yankovic, Stone Gossard, Frances England, Rachel Loshak
Hot Dog! (Released 04/17/12) Special guests: Fred Northup, Ron Hippe, Rachel Flotard (Visqueen)
I Found You! (Released 12/18/12) Special guests: Steve Turner (Mudhoney), Rachel Flotard (Visqueen), John Richards
Baby Beatles! (Released 09/15/13)
Rise And Shine! (Released 09/16/14)
Night Night! (Released 03/17/15)
Beatles Baby! (Released 09/18/2015)
Away We Go! (Released 08/12/2016)
Winter Party! (Released 11/18/16)
Jump For Joy! (Released 08/18/17)
Sleep Tight! (Released 01/19/18)
Keep It Real! (Released 08/17/18)
Best Beatles! (Released 03/29/19)
Flying High! (Released 08/16/19)
Bug Out! (released 05/1/20)
Happy Heart! (Released 11/13/20)
Easy Breezy! (Released 11/05/21)AppearancesMany Hands: Family Music for Haiti CD (released 2010) – Compilation of various artists
Songs Stories And Friends: Let's Go Play – Charlie Hope (released 2011) – vocals on Alouette
Shake It Up, Shake It Off (released 2012) – Compilation of various artists
Keep Hoping Machine Running – Songs Of Woody Guthrie (released 2012) – Compilation of various artists
Apple Apple – The Harmonica Pocket (released 2013) – vocals on Monkey Love
Simpatico – Rennee and Friends (released 2015) – writer and vocals on I Am Not Afraid
Sundrops – The Harmonica Pocket (released 2015) – vocals on Digga Dog Kid
Passage 6:
Say It Ain't So
"Say It Ain't So" is a song by American rock band Weezer  It was released as the third and final single from the band's self-titled 1994 debut album on May 15, 1995  Written by frontman Rivers Cuomo, the song came to be after he had all the music finished and one line, "Say it ain't so"  Cuomo made a connection to an incident in high school where he came home and saw a bottle of beer in the fridge  He believed his mother and father's marriage ended because his father was an alcoholic, and this made him fear the marriage between his mother and step-father would end this way as well "Say It Ain't So" is widely considered one of the band's best songs  In 2015, Loudwire ranked the song number three on their list of the 10 greatest Weezer songs, and in 2021, Kerrang ranked the song number two on their list of the 20 greatest Weezer songs  In 2008, Rolling Stone ranked "Say It Ain't So" number 72 on their list of "The 100 Greatest Guitar Songs of All Time " Pitchfork included the song at number 10 on its "Top 200 Tracks of the 1990s" 

Composition
"Say It Ain't So" is an alternative rock and emo song that lasts a duration of 4 minutes, 18 seconds  According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes com by Hal Leonard Music, it is written in the time signature of common time, with a moderate rock tempo of 76 beats per minute  "Say It Ain't So" is composed in the key of C minor (Cm), while Rivers Cuomo's vocal range spans two octaves, from the low-note of B♭3 to the high-note of B♭5  The song has a basic sequence of Cm7–Gadd♯9–A♭–E♭ in the verses and interludes, changes to C5–G5–A♭5–E♭5 at the chorus and follows B♭5–B♭5/A–E♭5–G♭5 during the bridge as its chord progression 

Music video
The music video for "Say It Ain't So", directed by Sophie Muller, met with less success than the previous two Weezer videos directed by Spike Jonze, but the song still successfully climbed to the top 10 of the Modern Rock Tracks chart  As noted in the Weezer DVD collection Video Capture Device and the slip cover of the re-released special edition of the group's debut album, the band filmed the music video at the house where the band used to rehearse and record  The video also features a cameo by the band's webmaster/band photographer/archivist and close friend for many years, Karl Koch  A small poster of Mercyful Fate/King Diamond frontman King Diamond is visible several times throughout the video, most clearly during the final chorus, just as Rivers Cuomo turns his mic around 

Song mixes
Two mixes of the song exist  The original album pressings had a mix with slightly different sounding drums, bass and no guitar feedback  However, when the band released the single, the mix that kept the guitar feedback in the song was used  The band liked this mix so much that the members asked for it to replace the version on the album, after the album had sold 3 million copies  The album now features the version with the feedback  The deluxe version features both mixes 

Track listing
Standard CD, 10-inch, and cassette single
"Say It Ain't So" (remix) – 4:17
"No One Else" (live and acoustic) – 3:15
"Jamie" (live and acoustic) – 3:53All live acoustic tracks were recorded on 99X in Atlanta, Georgia 

Personnel
Rivers Cuomo – lead vocals, lead and rhythm guitar
Matt Sharp – bass, backing vocals
Brian Bell – backing vocals
Patrick Wilson – drums

Charts
Certifications
Release history
Covers
The band Further Seems Forever covered the song on the Weezer tribute album Rock Music: A Tribute to Weezer  An episode of "One Tree Hill" featured a cover by MoZella, Wakey!Wakey!, and Juliana Hatfield  Deftones, the Sleeping, Young Guns, Finch, Real Estate and Dashboard Confessional have also covered the song live  Asher Roth sampled the song for his debut rap single "I Love College"  After the song leaked onto the internet, Rivers Cuomo reportedly refused to clear the sample, which prompted Roth to debut a remixed version of his song as his official debut single  Canadian Hip hop artist K-OS has also covered "Say It Ain't So" for his live EP "Much Music Presents: k-os Live", featuring vocals from Benjamin Kowalewicz of Billy Talent in 2011  Foster the People also covered the song in August 2011, after Weezer did a version of "Pumped Up Kicks"  Chiptune artist Inverse Phase parodied the song on a Commodore 64, titling it "Say It Ain't Sixty-FO" Calpurnia covered the song for Spotify's Under Cover podcast in 2018

In popular culture
"Say It Ain't So" is a playable track in the video games Rock Band and Rocksmith 2014 in addition to appearing on an episode of Hindsight 
Passage 7:
Say It, Say It
"Say It, Say It" is the debut single by American singer–songwriter (and future voice actress) E  G  Daily  It was released in 1985 as the lead single from her debut album Wild Child  The single went to number one on the U S  Dance Club Play chart for one week   On other US charts,  "Say It, Say It"  went to number 71 on the soul chart and number 70 on the Hot 100 

Track listings
7" single (1986)

"Say It, Say It" – 4:34
"Don't Let Them Take the Child Away" – 3:3512" single (1986)

"Say It, Say It" (Extended version) – 6:52
"Say It, Say It" – 4:34
"Say It, Say It" (Dub version) – 4:40UK 12" single (1986)

"Say It, Say It" (Extended version) – 6:52
"Say It, Say It" (Dub version) – 4:40
"Don't Let Them Take the Child Away" – 3:35A&M Extended Memories 12" single (1989)

"Livin' It Up (Friday Night)" (performed by Bell and James) – 7:03
"Say It, Say It" (Extended version) – 6:52

Charts
Music video
The music video for the song is a take of the 1962 film, Lolita 
Passage 8:
Where Did the Good Times Go?
Over Here! is a musical with a score by Richard M  Sherman and Robert B  Sherman and book by Will Holt  The original Broadway production was directed by Tom Moore and choreographed by Patricia Birch, with scenic design by Douglas W  Schmidt and costumes by Carrie F  Robbins 
Over Here! was a follow-up to the Sherman brothers' World War II musical Victory Canteen, an off-Broadway production that featured 1940s icon Patty Andrews  The setting is a cross-country train trip in the United States during World War II (hence the name of the play, in contrast to the popular patriotic war anthem entitled Over There)  The show begins as a nostalgic look at 1940s America (where fashion, music, big bands and swing dance dominates) but,  quickly evolves into a social commentary about the fear of dying in battle, prejudice, and discrimination 

Production history
After thirteen previews, the show opened on March 6, 1974 at the Shubert Theatre, where it ran for 341 performances and became the top-grossing production of the 1974 Broadway season  It is largely credited as the Broadway musical which launched many careers  The opening night cast included Patty  and Maxene Andrews (of the Andrews Sisters) and newcomers John Travolta, Treat Williams, Marilu Henner, Samuel E  Wright, and Ann Reinking, all of whom went on to achieve successful careers  Despite still playing to capacity audiences, the show closed on January 4, 1975 under controversial conditions  "The producers blamed Patty and Maxine, claiming they wanted more money and made unreasonable demands, and cancelled the national tour  The Andrews sisters blamed the producers, claiming they had mismanaged the show from the beginning and were now using them as scapegoats " According to an article in The New York Times, the tour was cancelled due to a "salary dispute" between the Andrews sisters and the producers Radar online and the official site reported that Cody Linley would be starring in an all-new production of Over Here! set to launch early in 2010 at the Saban Theatre, Beverly Hills and an official website showed open auditions  In an interview, Linley confirmed that he would play the role of Bill  The production has been postponed indefinitely 
The postponed 2010 production was an "all-new" production with a modified book by original playwright Will Holt, choreographed by Tony Stevens, designed by Royal Court designer Mark Walters with associate designer Christopher Hone and Costume Designer David Toser, featuring Music Supervision by David Barber  
Dick Van Dyke had agreed to head an all-star cast; however, he was forced to withdraw days before the start date when his partner Michelle's illness became terminal  Unable to find an immediate replacement for Van Dyke at such short notice, the producers rescheduled the production to premiere in California in 2016, following which a US tour was planned  Neither came to fruition  
There was a 2019 Off-Broadway revival at the Triad Theatre in New York City starring Debbie Gravitte, Haley Swindal as Pauline, Jessica Hendy as Paulette, Nikka Graff Lanzarone as Mitzi, Mark William, Dani Apple, and Kristina Nicole Miller  The production was adapted into a 85-minute one act by director Will Nunziata, music director Blake Allen, and choreographer Andrew Black  The revival featured all the music from the original Broadway production, albeit in a different order, except for "Don't Shoo the Hooey to Me, Louie"  The third verse of "Star-Spangled Banner" was sung by Miller where in the original production, the anthem was spoken 

Song list
Awards and nominations
Original Broadway production
2019 Revival
Passage 9:
Billy Milano
Billy Milano (born June 3, 1964) is an American heavy metal and hardcore punk musician  He is the singer and occasionally guitarist and bassist of crossover thrash band M O D , and was the singer of its predecessor, Stormtroopers of Death  Prior to these bands, Milano played in early New York hardcore band the Psychos, which also launched the career of future Agnostic Front vocalist Roger Miret  Milano was also the singer of United Forces, which included his Stormtroopers of Death bandmate Dan Lilker  Milano managed a number of bands, including Agnostic Front, for whom he also co-produced the 1997 Epitaph Records release Something's Gotta Give and roadie for Anthrax 

Discography
Stormtroopers of Death albums
Stormtroopers of Death videos
Method of Destruction (M O D )
Mastery
Passage 10:
Say It (Booty Luv song)
"Say It" is a song by female English dance music duo Booty Luv  The song was written by Carl Björsell, Didrik Thott, Sebastian Thott and produced by Wez Clarke  It was released as the duo's sixth official single and the first single from their unfinished and unreleased second album  The song premiered on BBC Radio 1 on 10 April 2009  The single was then released four months later on 31 August 2009 through recording label Hed Kandi  "Say It" is an up-tempo song and has prominent dance and electronic dance characteristics  The song's lyrics evoke situations of lust and seduction whilst out at a club 
The song garnered commercial success for Booty Luv in the United Kingdom, where it reached a chart peak of number 16, becoming the group's fifth consecutive top twenty hit on this chart and at the same time outpeaking previous UK single "Some Kinda Rush "
A hotel/casino party-themed music video directed by Emile Nava, to "Say It" was released on 23 July 2009  The duo promoted the song by performing it on various television shows and at various venues, of which included GMTV and Sony Ericsson's Dance Nation Festival 
This was planned to be the first single off the band's second studio album Say It Now, which was scheduled for release in November 2009, but due to the low chart placing of "Say It", the album was eventually cancelled 

Background
"Say It" was written by Carl Björsell, Didrik Thott and Sebastian Thott  It was produced and mixed by Wez Clarke and co-produced by Airborn, all of whom had worked on tracks for the likes of Westlife, Delta Goodrem and Lindsay Lohan  Backing vocals were courtesy of Jeanette Olsson and the track was recorded by Booty Luv at Hed Kandi Studios in London The song takes on a more electro sound compared to previous songs, as Cherise Roberts described the track's sound inspiration in an interview: "We're trying to go for a new kind of sound, but not too different  We just want to show progression "The song was composed in a key of C sharp minor and runs at a tempo of 126 96 beats per minute  The song was produced with consistence of various drum and bass and electronica instrumentation  In addition to sirens, synthesisers and vocoders 
In an interview with Digital Spy, Roberts explained the lyrical concept behind "Say It:"

It's so straightforward we hardly need to explain it! Sometimes you go to a club, catch a guy's eye and have an immediate connection with him  It gets to the end of the night and you're like 'Oh, I wish he'd said something to me'  The song's basically saying, 'If you've got something to say, come and say it before it's too late' 

Reception
The single received positive reviews from music critics alike 
Nick Levine of Digital Spy described the "Cracker" as "Working more of an electro sound in its verses but the surging chorus and sassy lyrics are business as usual for the dance-pop duo " About com said "Say It", their song of the day for 28 September, "moves more in the electro direction while maintaining the pophouse feel that we all love them for " Popjustice deemed the song as "amazing " Kickinthepeanuts reviewed the song as being "a big, loud, dancey, amazing, rather gay-night-club-sounding banga "

Music video
The music video for "Say It" was first shown on 23 July on UK music channels, and was directed by Emile Nava 

Synopsis
It shows the girls arriving at a posh hotel  The girls first spot men as they enter the hotel lobby and move to their suite  The girls then head downstairs to a mini casino where they gamble  The girls are then seen against various backgrounds and laying on chairs  Finally, the girls have a party in their hotel room and invite their friends and some men to their hotel rooms, before sending them away 

Chart performance
Weekly charts
Year-end charts



ground_truth: yes

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Who is Sobe (Sister Of Saint Anne)'s grandchild?

The following are given passages.
Context 2: Du Boisrouvray is a grandchild of the Bolivian King of Tin, Simón Patiño  She is a second cousin of Prince Rainier of Monaco and godmother to Charlotte Casiraghi, daughter of Princess Caroline of Monaco 

Early life and education
She is the daughter of Count Guy de Jacquelot du Boisrouvray (1903-1980) and Luz Mila Patiño Rodríguez (1909-1958) (her name is also reported as Luzmila)  Her paternal grandmother was born countess Joséphine Marie Louise de Polignac, sister of Prince Pierre, Duke of Valentinois, the maternal grandfather of Rainier III, Prince of Monaco  Her maternal grandfather was Simón Patiño, one of the wealthiest men in the world at the time of her birth Her father was part of the Free French movement and her family left the country while she was an infant  Du Boisrouvray grew up in New York City and lived at the Plaza Hotel  Her family later moved to Argentina, and du Boisrouvray lived alone in Switzerland, Morocco, England and back to France Du Boisrouvray attended University of Sorbonne in Paris where she studied psychology and philosophy 

Career
Du Boisrouvray began her career as a journalist  She worked as a freelance journalist for Le Nouvel Observateur, covering international stories such as the death of Che Guevara  She later co-founded the literary magazine Libre with Juan Goytisolo In 1978, du Boisrouvray ran as a candidate for the Friends of the Earth party in parliamentary elections She founded a film production company, Albina Productions, in 1969 and is credited with producing 22 films over a period of 17 years  These films include Pascal Thomas' first film, Les Zozos (1972), L'important c'est d'aimer and Une Femme a sa fenêtre, both of which starred Romy Schneider, and Fort Saganne (1984), directed by Alain Corneau and starring Gérard Depardieu, Catherine Deneuve and Sophie Marceau  Police Python 357 (1976) notably was one of the few films which starred Yves Montand and Simone Signoret, a well-known couple, in the same film  Du Boisrouvray began serving as the chairperson of SEGH, her family's real estate and hotel management group, in 1980 

FXB International
Following the death of her only child, du Boisrouvray sold three-quarters of her assets including a jewelry collection auctioned by Sotheby's in New York for $31 2 million, an art collection of $20 million, and a substantial part of her family real-estate business which garnered $50 million  The Sotheby's auction was the largest jewelry sale since the Duchess of Windsor's auction  The sale included pre-Columbian gold, jade and other notable pieces accumulated by the noble French family  Du Boisrouvray allocated part of the profits to the FXB Foundation to create programs, including an at home palliative care program for the terminally ill in Switzerland and France, a rescue helicopter control centre in the Swiss Alps, and a professorship at the University of Michigan (her son's alma mater)  The rest of the funds were used to found FXB International in memory of her son, François-Xavier Bagnoud, a search-and-rescue pilot who died while serving as a transport pilot in Mali during the Paris-Dakar rally in 1986 Du Boisrouvray founded FXB International is to fight poverty and AIDS, and support orphans and vulnerable children left in the wake of the AIDS pandemic  FXB International offers comprehensive support to the families and communities that care for these children, and advocates for their fundamental rights  The organization has helped over 17 million people from programs in more than 100 countries, with a staff of over 450  Du Boisrouvray broadened its work from supporting children impacted by AIDS to also include all families needing support to emerge from extreme poverty and become self-sufficient through the FXBVillage methodology  In 1991, she developed the FXBVillage Methodology, a community-based, sustainable approach to overcoming the AIDS orphans crisis and extreme poverty  Each FXBVillage supports 80-100 families, comprising approximately 500 individuals, mostly children  Over a three-year period, FXB provides communities with the resources and training needed to become physically, financially and socially independent  According to FXB, the FXBVillage program has graduated over 69,500 participants from eight countries and has over 12,500 current participants In 1993, du Boisrouvray founded the FXB Center for Health and Human Rights at Harvard University, the first academic center to focus exclusively on health and human rights 

Awards and recognition
Du Boisrouvray was made Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres in 1985  In 1993, the University of Michigan conferred upon her a "Doctor of Humane Letters Degree," and she was made a "John Harvard Fellow" by Harvard University in 1996 
She received a Special Recognition Award for "Responding to the HIV/AIDS Orphan crisis" at the second conference on Global Strategies for the prevention of HIV transmission from mothers to infants in Montreal, in September 1999  In 2001, Harvard students presented her with the "Harvard Project for International Health and Development Award" Her philanthropy and humanitarian efforts earned her a knighthood of the Légion d'Honneur in 2001 for her pioneering work in home palliative care projects  Also in 2001, because of the innovative cost-effective projects that she formulated and directed within FXB, she was selected as a member of the Social Entrepreneurs Group of the Schwab Foundation  This recognition enables the 54 social entrepreneurs of the group to participate in the Davos World Economic Forum and to present and to share their expertise with world business leaders in the civil and public sectors She was awarded the 2002 North-South Prize by the Council of Europe  In November 2003, du Boisrouvray received the "Lifetime Achievement Award" at the 4th International Conference on AIDS in India, in recognition for the projects that she initiated in the 35 States and Territories of India  In 2007, the French Fédération nationale des Clubs Convergences gave her an award for her activities on behalf of orphans and vulnerable children affected by AIDS in the world 
In 2004, Albina received the Thai Komol Keemthong Foundation Award for Outstanding Personality for the year 2004  The award was given in appreciation of her contributions to Thailand and Burma in the fields of protecting children and women's rights, education, vocational training and support of HIV/AIDS-affected children and their families In April 2009, French President Nicolas Sarkozy presented du Boisrouvray with the insignia of Officer in l'Ordre National du Mérite  The President honoured Albina and her work, saying "Your NGO is a model throughout the world  You are a woman involved  Your solidarity is exemplary and that is why the Republic will distinguish you " She is the first film producer to be awarded L'Ordre National du Mérite  In June 2009, du Boisrouvray received the BNP Paribas Jury's Special Prize 
In 2013, the Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences (KISS) awarded du Boisrouvray their KISS Humanitarian Award which recognizes individuals with exceptionally high contribution to society and who have distinguished themselves as humanitarians 

Personal life
Du Boisrouvray was married twice, first to Swiss aviator Bruno Bagnoud and second to French film producer Georges Casati, whom she divorced in 1982  She met Bagnoud while living in Valais  They were married for four years and had one son together, François-Xavier Bagnoud, born in 1961 She lives in Portugal, near Lisbon, part of the year and has homes in Paris, New York and Switzerland 
Passage 8:
Diana Weston
Diana Weston (born 13 November 1953) is a Canadian-British actress who has been on British television since 1975  She is a grandchild of Charles Basil Price 

Biography
Career
Weston's first role was in a 1975 episode of Thriller, and parts in Raffles, The Sweeney, The Professionals, Agony, Shoestring and Bless Me, Father soon followed  She also appeared in the video for the 1984 Ultravox hit single Dancing with Tears in My Eyes  Since the late 1980s, she has appeared in The New Statesman, Boon, A Bit of a Do, About Face, Nightingales, Jonathan Creek, Casualty, Emmerdale, My Family, New Tricks and a main role in the 2000 sitcom Pay and Display However, it is for the role of Caroline in the sitcom The Upper Hand that she is best known, starring alongside Joe McGann and Honor Blackman, with the show being produced for ITV from 1990 to 1996 

Filmography
Film
Television
Personal life
Diana Weston had a long relationship with the actor Robert Lindsay, and they had one daughter, Sydney (born 1988), who has also made television appearances  She and Lindsay separated after he started a relationship with actress/presenter Rosemarie Ford, although she continued to work with him on occasion 
Passage 9:
Merlin Holland
Christopher Merlin Vyvyan Holland (born December 1945) is a British biographer and editor  He is the only grandchild of Oscar Wilde, whose life he has researched and written about extensively 

Biography
Born in London in December 1945, Christopher Merlin Vyvyan Holland is the son of the author Vyvyan Holland and his second wife, Thelma Besant  He is the only grandchild of Oscar Wilde and Constance Lloyd His mother Thelma was an Australian cosmetician who became the personal beauty adviser to Queen Elizabeth II for about 10 years from the mid-1940s  His paternal grandmother, Constance, had changed her and her children's surname to Holland (an old family name) in 1895, after Wilde had been convicted of homosexual acts and imprisoned, in order to gain some privacy for the boys and distance from the scandal 

Work
Holland has studied and researched Wilde's life for more than thirty years  He is the co-editor, with Rupert Hart-Davis, of The Complete Letters of Oscar Wilde  He is the editor of Irish Peacock and Scarlet Marquess, the first uncensored version of his grandfather's 1895 trials   (The book is titled The Real Trial of Oscar Wilde for release in the US )Holland has criticised Richard Ellmann's 1987 biography, Oscar Wilde, as inaccurate, particularly his claim that Wilde had syphilis and transmitted it to Constance  According to The Guardian, Holland has  "unearthed medical evidence within private family letters, which has enabled a doctor to determine the likely cause of Constance's death  The letters reveal symptoms nowadays associated with multiple sclerosis but apparently wrongly diagnosed by her two doctors  One, an unnamed German 'nerve doctor', resorted to dubious remedies and the other, Luigi Maria Bossi, conducted a botched operation that days later claimed her life "Holland has also written The Wilde Album, a small volume that included hitherto unpublished photographs of Wilde  The book focuses on how the scandal caused by Wilde's trials affected his family, most notably his wife, Constance, and their children, Cyril and Vyvyan   
In 2006, his book Oscar Wilde: A Life in Letters was published, and his volume Coffee with Oscar Wilde, an imagined conversation with Wilde, was released in the autumn of 2007  Holland also wrote A Portrait of Oscar Wilde (2008), which reveals Wilde through manuscripts and letters from the Lucia Moreira Salles collection, located at The Morgan Library & Museum in New York City In addition, Holland has also worked as a wine writer and occasionally written features for Country Life, and The Oldie In July 2013, Holland gave the keynote address for a symposium on Oscar Wilde presented by The Santa Fe Opera  The address surveyed the popular and critical attitudes towards Wilde and his work from the end of his life to the present day  The symposium was given in conjunction with the opera company's world premiere presentations of Oscar, composed by Theodore Morrison with a libretto written by John Cox and the composer Holland's play The Trials of Oscar Wilde, co-authored with John O'Connor and re-enacting the 1895 trials of Lord Queensberry for libel and Oscar Wilde for gross indecency, toured the United Kingdom in 2014 in a production by the European Arts Company 

Personal life
Holland lives in Burgundy, France, with his second wife  His son, Lucian Holland (born 1979 to Merlin's first wife Sarah), studied classics at Magdalen College  He occupied rooms that his great-grandfather Wilde had occupied  He is a computer programmer, living in London Merlin Holland briefly toyed with the idea of changing his name back to Wilde  He told The New York Times in 1998, “But if I did it, it would have to be not just for Oscar, but for his father and mother, too, for the whole family  It was an extraordinary family before he came along, so if I put the family name back on the map for the right reasons, then it's all right ”

Published works
1998 – The Wilde Album
2003 – Irish Peacock and Scarlet Marquess: The Real Trial of Oscar Wilde
2004 – The Real Trial of Oscar Wilde
Passage 10:
Princess Elizabeth of Great Britain
Princess Elizabeth Caroline of Great Britain (10 January 1741 – 4 September 1759) was one of the children of Frederick, Prince of Wales, and Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha  She was a granddaughter of King George II and sister of King George III 

Life
Princess Elizabeth was born at Norfolk House, St James's Square, Westminster  Her father was The Prince Frederick, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King George II and Caroline of Ansbach  Her mother was The Princess of Wales (née Augusta of Saxe-Gotha)  She was christened twenty-five days later at Norfolk House, by The Bishop of Oxford, Thomas Secker — her godparents were The Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (her first cousin once-removed by marriage; for whom The Lord Baltimore (Gentleman of the Bedchamber to her father) stood proxy), The Queen of Denmark (for whom Anne, Viscountess Irwin stood proxy) and the Duchess of Saxe-Gotha (her maternal aunt by marriage, for whom Lady Jane Hamilton stood proxy) Little is known of her short life other than a fragment preserved in the Letters of Walpole 

We have lost another Princess, Lady Elizabeth   She died of an inflammation in her bowels in two days   Her figure was so very unfortunate, that it would have been difficult for her to be happy, but her parts and application were extraordinary   I saw her act in "Cato" at eight years old, (when she could not stand alone, but was forced to lean against the side-scene,) better than any of her brothers and sisters   She had been so unhealthy, that at that age she had not been taught to read, but had learned the part of Lucia by hearing the others study their parts  She went to her father and mother, and begged she might act  They put her off as gently as they could—she desired leave to repeat her part, and when she did, it was with so much sense, that there was no denying her 
She died on 4 September 1759 at Kew Palace, London and was buried at Westminster Abbey 

Ancestors
See also
List of British princesses



ground_truth: John the Baptist

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Where did the performer of song I'Ll Say It graduate from?

The following are given passages.
Context 4: "Jugband Blues" was either wholly or partly  recorded on 19 October 1967 at De Lane Lea Studios  The interview with producer Norman Smith, recorded for the DVD documentary Meddle: A Classic Album Under Review (2007), suggests that at least two separate recording 
sessions took place  The first session was evidently to record the basic Pink Floyd band track, which was possibly cut at EMI's Abbey Road Studios, since Smith clearly states in the interview that he was unable to use Abbey Road for the brass band session, and was obliged to book De Lane Lea Studios in Holborn instead  Smith's description of the De Lane Lea session implies that it was specifically booked to overdub the brass band onto an existing band track, and he makes no mention of the other members of the group, suggesting that only Barrett and the members of the brass band were present for this overdub session 
According to Smith, it had been his initial idea to add a brass arrangement to the basic track, which led Barrett to suggest using a Salvation Army band  Smith recalled that after some considerable effort he was able to contract the eight-piece Salvation Army International Staff Band for the session, which was booked from 7pm to 10pm, but Barrett was almost an hour late arriving  Smith then invited Barrett to outline his musical ideas for the ensemble, but Syd told them he wanted them to simply "play whatever they want" regardless of the rest of the group  Dismayed, Smith had to insist on scored parts, and he was obliged to sketch out an arrangement himself -- according to his account, Barrett walked out of the studio shortly afterwards and did not return  In the interview Smith also specifically mentions playing an existing version of the track for the brass players, to give them some idea of what they were expected to play  About The Salvation Army, band manager Andrew King said that Barrett "wanted a massive Salvation Army freak-out, but that's the only time I can remember Norman [Smith] putting his foot down " The song features a distinctive three-tiered structure: starting off in 34 meter, then into 24 and finishing off in 44 

Video
The promotional video for the song was filmed in December 1967, for the Central Office of Information in London  The video was supposed to be about Britain, and was meant to be distributed in the US and Canada  The video features Barrett (shown with an acoustic guitar for the first time) and the group miming to the song in a more conventional stage setting, with psychedelic projections in the background  The original audio to the promo is lost, and most versions use the BBC recording from late 1967, consequently causing sync issues most evident as Barrett sings the opening verse  The original film was considered to be lost, until it was re-discovered in the Manchester Arts Lab in 1999  Barrett and Waters first watched the promo video during the second week of December 1967 

Reception
In a contemporary negative review for A Saucerful of Secrets, Jim Miller of Rolling Stone asserts that ‘Jugband Blues’ "hardly does any credit to Barrett's credentials as a composer "

Legacy
Barrett, along with Pink Floyd's managers, Peter Jenner and King, wanted to release the song as a single in the new year, before being vetoed by both the band and Norman Smith  Jenner said that "Jugband Blues", along with two others that Syd wrote around this time, ("Scream Thy Last Scream" and "Vegetable Man") were "amazing songs " When compared to "Bike" and "The Scarecrow", Jenner said "You think, 'Well, OK, those are all right, but these are powerful disturbing art ' I wouldn't want anyone to have to go as mad and disturbed as Syd did to get that, but if you are going to go that disturbed give me something like that  That's great art " Jenner had also called "Jugband Blues" "an extraordinary song, the ultimate self-diagnosis on a state of schizophrenia, [and] the portrait of a nervous breakdown "Barrett, by the beginning of the recording sessions for A Saucerful of Secrets, was already shrinking into a delirious state of mind, exacerbated by his feelings of alienation from the rest of the band  The common interpretation of the lyrics is that they reflect his schizophrenia and it has been argued that they could also be read as a criticism of the other band members for forcing him out  King said of the song: "The most alienated, extraordinary lyrics  It's not addressed to the band, it's addressed to the whole world  He was completely cut off " Jenner said "I think every psychiatrist should be made to listen to those songs ["Jugband Blues", "Scream Thy Last Scream" and "Vegetable Man"]  I think they should be part of the curriculum of every medical college along with those Van Gogh paintings like The Crows ""Jugband Blues" is one of two songs (the other being "Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun") from A Saucerful of Secrets that were later included on the compilation album Echoes: The Best of Pink Floyd  The song was preceded on the compilation by "Wish You Were Here", with lyrics by Roger Waters written in tribute to Barrett  The band 
Opal released a cover of the song on the Barrett tribute album Beyond the Wildwood in 1987 

Personnel
Syd Barrett – acoustic guitar, electric guitar, lead vocals
Richard Wright – Farfisa organ, tin whistle
Roger Waters – bass guitar
Nick Mason – drums, castanets, kazoowith:

The Salvation Army International Staff BandRay Bowes (cornet), Terry Camsey (cornet), Mac Carter (trombone), Les Condon (E♭ bass), Maurice Cooper (euphonium), Ian Hankey (trombone), George Whittingham (B♭ bass), plus one other uncredited musician 
Passage 6:
High Coal, West Virginia
High Coal or Highcoal is an unincorporated community and coal town located in Boone County, West Virginia, United States 
Passage 7:
The Lump
The Lump is a short animated film released in 1991  It tells the story of an unattractive and unpopular man named George  One day, a lump appears on his head that looks like an attractive face  By pretending the lump is his real face, he gains fame and fortune, but soon he gets into trouble when he enters into the company of several corrupt politicians 
A National Film Board of Canada film, The Lump was written and directed by John Weldon  Harvey Atkin contributed the voice  It was nominated for the Genie Award for Best Animated Short at the 13th Genie Awards in 1992, and won the Gordon Bruce Award for Humor at the Ottawa International Animation Festival in that year 
Passage 8:
Joel the Lump of Coal
"Joel the Lump of Coal" is a song by Las Vegas-based rock band The Killers featuring late night talk show host Jimmy Kimmel  It was released on December 1, 2014  The song marks the ninth consecutive year in which the band has released a Christmas song  As with their previous Christmas releases, all proceeds from this song go to AIDS charities as part of the Product Red campaign   The song's announcement and debut occurred on Jimmy Kimmel Live!, where the music video and a montage about the recording process aired 

Music video
The animated music video first aired on Jimmy Kimmel Live! (December 1, 2014)   The style of the video is similar to that of the stop motion animated Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (1964) and other Rankin/Bass Productions holiday-themed films in digital collage form   The song tells the story of Joel, a lump of coal living at the North Pole  Joel is excited when Santa chooses him to be a child's present, but he is disappointed to learn that instead of being a special gift, Santa is taking him to a naughty boy for Christmas  Joel reluctantly accepts his fate, but he soon realizes that he is just the present the naughty boy needs to help him change his ways  At the end, selfless Joel turns himself into a diamond to make the naughty boy happy The song is written by Jimmy Kimmel, Jonathan Bines, and the Killers (Flowers, Keuning, Vannucci and Stoermer) with additional material by Tony Barbieri  The video is directed by Jonathan Kimmel, produced by Jennifer Sharron, and edited by Jason Bielski  The animation is by Sean Michael Solomon, Julian Petschek, Jonathan Kimmel, Jesse Griffith and Patrick Campbell, with Bernd Reinhardt as Director of Photography and Jim Alario as cameraman  The sound mix was recorded at Henson Studios, with field sound recorded by Brian Angely and Todd JeanPierre 

Track listing
Digital Download"Joel the Lump of Coal" – 3:58

Charts
Passage 9:
Ministry of Coal
The Ministry of Coal is an Indian government ministry headquartered in New Delhi  The portfolio is held by Cabinet Minister Pralhad Joshi 
The Ministry of Coal is charged with exploration of coal and lignite reserves in India, production, supply, distribution and price of coal through the government-owned corporations Coal India Limited and its subsidiaries, as well as Neyveli Lignite Corporation The Ministry of Coal also manages the Union Government's 49 percent equity participation in Singareni Collieries Company, a public sector undertaking that is a joint venture with Government of Telangana  in which equity is held partly by the State Government of Telangana (51%) and the Government of India 

Ministers of Coal
List of Ministers of State
Organisations
Central Public Sector Undertakings
Coal India
Neyveli Lignite Corporation

Statutory Bodies
Coal Mines Provident Fund Organisation (CMPFO)
Coal Mines Welfare Organisation
Commissioner Of Payments
COAL CONTROLLER'S ORGANIZATION (CCO)

Functions And Responsibilities
The Ministry of Coal is responsible for development and exploitation of coal and lignite reserves in India  The subjects allocated to the Ministry which include attached and sub-ordinate or other organisations including PSUs concerned with their subjects under the Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961, as amended from time to time, are as follows:

Exploration and development of coking coal and non-coking coal and lignite deposits in India
All matters relating to production, supply, distribution and prices of coal
Development and operation of coal washeries other than those for which Department of Steel (ISPAT Vibhag) is responsible
Low-Temperature carbonisation of coal and production of synthetic oil from coal
Administration of the Coal Mines (Conservation and Development) Act, 1974 (28 of 1974)
The Coal Mines Provident Fund Organisation
The Coal Mines Welfare Organisation
Administration of the Coal Mines Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provision Act, 1948 (46 of 1948)
Administration of the Coal Mines Labour Welfare Fund Act, 1947 (32 of 1947)
Rules under the Mines Act, 1952 (32 of 1952) for the levy and collection of duty of excise on coke and coal produced and dispatched from mines and administration of rescue fund
Administration of the Coal Bearing Areas (Acquisition and Development) Act, 1957 (20 of 1957)
Passage 10:
Singles: Individually Wrapped
Singles: Individually Wrapped is a greatest hits album by Odds, released in 2000  The album contains singles from all four of the band's studio albums, as well as a rendition of the Christmas song "Kings of Orient" which the band recorded for the 1991 Christmas compilation A Lump of Coal 

Track listing
"Someone Who's Cool" (3:17)
"Truth Untold" (3:55)
"It Falls Apart" (3:38)
"Love Is the Subject" (4:43)
"Jackhammer" (long version) (4:20)
"Satisfied" (3:00)
"Nothing Beautiful" (3:06)
"Eat My Brain" (4:26)
"Make You Mad" (4:07)
"Wendy Under the Stars" (4:15)
"Yes (Means It's Hard to Say No)" (single remix) (3:14)
"I Would Be Your Man" (3:26)
"King of the Heap" (single remix) (3:57)
"Heterosexual Man" (3:32)
"Mercy to Go" (5:18)
"Kings of Orient (We Three Kings)" (4:26)



ground_truth: Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute