prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Which film has the director who died earlier, Tiger In The Smoke or Contragolpe?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Traces of Smoke
Traces of Smoke or  Rooksporen  is a 1992 Dutch drama film directed by Frans van de Staak 

Cast
Marlies Heuer	    	De vrouw
Peter Blok	    	De vragensteller
Joop Admiraal
Rein Bloem
Sacha Bulthuis
Carine Crutzen
Hildegard Draayer
René Eljon
Andrea den Haring
Hans Hausdörfer
Thom Hoffman
Ineke Holzhaus
Ingrid Kuipers
Willem Kwakkelstein
Johan Leysen
Colla Marsman
Tessa du Mee
Wim Meuwissen
Titus Muizelaar
Frieda Pittoors
Lineke Rijxman
Hanneke Stark
Catherine ten Bruggencate
Huub van der Lubbe
Manouk van der Meulen
Anke Van't Hof
Hilt de Vos
Nico de Vries

External links
Rooksporen at IMDb
Passage 2:
Contragolpe
Contragolpe is a 1979 Argentine drama film directed by Alejandro Doria 

Cast
Marcelo Alfaro	    	Gigolo 1
Enrique Alonso
Alberto Argibay
Raúl Aubel
Aldo Barbero
Sergio Bellotti
Héctor Bidonde
Luisina Brando
Rodolfo Brindisi
Cecilia Cenci
Marta Cerain
Martín Coria	    	Detenido
Lito Cruz	    	Juan de Dios Tolosa / Carmelo Di Prisco
Felice D'Amore
Héctor da Rosa
Ricardo Fassan
Ana María Giunta
Adela Gleijer
Jorge Marrale
Daniel Miglioranza
Gloria Necon
Julio Pelieri
Ignacio Quirós
Gigi Rua
Tina Serrano
Juan Manuel Tenuta
Osvaldo Terranova
Beatriz Thibaudin

External links
Contragolpe at IMDb
Passage 3:
Zeng Chao
Zeng Chao (Chinese: 曾超; pinyin: Zēng Chāo; Mandarin pronunciation: [tsə́ŋ ʈʂʰáʊ]; born 23 January 1993) is a Chinese footballer who currently plays for Guangzhou R&F in the Chinese Super League 

Club career
Zeng Chao started his football career when he joined Shandong Luneng's youth academy with Liu Binbin in 2005  He played for China League Two side Shandong Youth in 2011 and 2012  Failing to promote to the first team, Zeng transferred to Chinese Super League side Guangzhou R&F in 2014  He was loaned to China League One side Guangdong Sunray Cave for half season in July 2014  He played 14 matches and scored 2 goals in the 2014 season as Guangdong Sunray Cave avoided to relegate to the third tier  
Zeng was promoted to Guangzhou R&F's first team squad in July 2015  He made his Super League debut on 23 April 2016 against Jiangsu Suning, coming on for Tang Miao in the 80th minute  He scored his Super League goal two minutes after the substitution, which ensured Guangzhou R&F tied with Jiangsu Suning 1–1  He scored three goals in 22 league appearances in the 2016 season and extended his contract with the club for five years on 7 November 2016 Zeng transferred to his hometown club Meizhou Meixian Techand who newly promoted to China League One on 1 January 2018  On 10 March 2018, he made his debut for the club in the season's opener against Yanbian Funde  On 7 November 2018, he scored his first goal in a 1–1 away draw against Shaanxi Chang'an Athletic in the first leg of 2018 China League One Relegation play-offs 

Career statistics
As of 31 December 2020 
Passage 4:
Alexis Ramos
Alexis Ramos (born 13 April 1989) is an Argentine footballer 

Club career
Born in San Carlos de Bolívar, Ramos began playing football in the youth system of local side Aldosivi  He played with the club's senior side for one and one-half seasons before embarking on an extended spell in the Argentine regional leagues with Concepción Fútbol Club, Ferro Carril Oeste de General Pico, Gimnasia y Esgrima de Concepción del Uruguay, Estudiantes de Río Cuarto, Independiente de Chivilcoy, General Paz Juniors and Huracán de Goya After a spell playing for A D  Isidro Metapán in El Salvador, Ramos played for El Tanque Sisley in the 2017 Uruguayan Primera División  After El Tanque Sisley withdrew from the 2018 league, he joined Venezuelan Primera División side Metropolitanos F C Alexis Ramos made his debut in Cambodia League in 2019 For Angkor Tiger 
Passage 5:
Ben Palmer
Ben Palmer (born 1976) is a British film and television director 
His television credits include the Channel 4 sketch show Bo' Selecta! (2002–2006), the second and third series of the E4 sitcom The Inbetweeners (2009–2010) and the Sky Atlantic comedy-drama Breeders (2020)  Palmer has also directed films such as the Inbetweeners spin-off, The Inbetweeners Movie (2011) and the romantic comedy Man Up (2015) 

Biography
Palmer was born and raised in Penny Bridge, Barrow-in-Furness  He attended Chetwynde School His first directing job was the Channel 4 sketch show Bo' Selecta!, which he co-developed with its main star, Leigh Francis  Palmer directed the second and third series of the E4 sitcom The Inbetweeners in 2009 and 2010, respectively 

Filmography
Bo' Selecta! (2002–06)
Comedy Lab (2004–2010)
Bo! in the USA (2006)
The Inbetweeners (2009–2010)
The Inbetweeners Movie (2011)
Comedy Showcase (2012)
Milton Jones's House of Rooms (2012)
Them from That Thing (2012)
Bad Sugar (2012)
Chickens (2013)
London Irish (2013)
Man Up (2015)
SunTrap (2015)
BBC Comedy Feeds (2016)
Nigel Farage Gets His Life Back (2016)
Back (2017)
Comedy Playhouse (2017)
Urban Myths (2017–19)
Click & Collect (2018)
Semi-Detached (2019)
Breeders (2020)
Passage 6:
Alejandro Doria
Alejandro Doria (November 1, 1936 – June 17, 2009) was a noted Argentine cinema and television director 

Life and work
Born in Buenos Aires in 1936, he first worked for Argentine television in 1965 as a writer for a local variety show, Show rambler 
He first directed professionally for Adorable Professor Aldao, a 1968 romantic comedy series  
Doria's contract to direct the 1969 season of a top-rated sitcom, Nuestra galleguita (Our Galician Girl), secured his career in Argentine /television, and he directed numerous series during the early 1970s and was a guest producer several times for Alta Comedia, a comedy showcase Doria first directed for the cinema in 1974  The political satire by José Dominiani, Proceso a la infamia (Infamy on Trial), ran afoul of the newly appointed National Film Rater, Miguel Paulino Tato, however  Unable to work professionally for four years, Doria obtained his film's release in 1978, though the new, heavily edited version was panned by its audiences and director, alike  In demand following his long absence, Doria directed two thrillers in 1979: a film adaptation of Marco Denevi's Contragolpe (Retribution), and of Aída Bortnik's La isla  Collaborating with Bortnik on La isla's screenplay, the psychological thriller earned Doria a special mention at the Montreal World Film Festival  He wrote and directed one of the few well-known horror titles in Argentine film, Los miedos (Fears), in 1980, and in 1982, directed a film adaptation of Silvina Bullrich's best-selling Los Pasajeros del jardín (Wanderers in the Garden) - Bullrich's nostalgic, autobiographical look at her happy and all-too-brief second marriage The return of democracy in Argentina in 1983 was accompanied by a revival in local film and theatre production  Doria and Uruguayan screenwriter Jacobo Langsner wrote a script based on a concept created by another Uruguayan artist, veteran leading lady China Zorrilla  Their drama, Darse cuenta (Realization), was a critical and commercial success in 1984 Doria and Langsner were then reunited for the making of Esperando la carroza (Waiting for the Hearse)  The 1985 black comedy looked at a typical Argentine family and their struggles with each other and their mischievous, nonagenarian matriarch  The film became a cult classic, though another director's sequel written by Langsner and released in 2009 was unsuccessful Doria and Langsner then turned to recent history in Argentina with Sofia  The 1987 tragedy dealt with a chance encounter and a May–December love affair amid the oppressive Dirty War against dissidents  The harrowing portrayal, however, received little notice  Doria returned to the family comedy genre in 1990 with Cien veces no debo (I Don't Owe 100 Times Over) - a comedy of errors revolving around bad news for a neurotic, middle-class family  Doria then returned to television, directing a number of soap operas and a segment in an episodic homage to the victims of the 1994 AMIA bombing (the worst terrorist attack in Argentine history) 
His reputation as a leading filmmaker in Argentine cinema was restored with the 2006 release of Las manos (The Hands) a bio-pic on the life of Father Mario Pantaleo, an Argentine priest who incurred the Vatican's wrath following reports he possessed healing hands  The drama earned numerous prizes in Argentina and in prestigious international film festivals, notably the Huelva Latin American Film Festival and Cartagena Film Festival  Doria more recently directed Doce horas (12 Hours) and Tuya (Yours), titles scheduled for release in 2010  Pneumonia cost the filmmaker his life on June 17, 2009, however, at age 72 

Filmography
Proceso a la infamia - 1974
Contragolpe - 1979
The Island (La Isla) - 1979
Fears (Los Miedos) - 1980
Los Pasajeros del jardín - 1982
State of Reality (Darse cuenta) - 1984
Waiting for the Hearse (Esperando la carroza) - 1985
Sofía - 1987
I Don't Owe 100 Times (Cien veces no debo) - 1990
18-J - 2004
The Hands (Las manos) - 2006
Passage 7:
Tiger in the Smoke
Tiger in the Smoke is a 1956 British crime film directed by Roy Ward Baker (billed as Roy Baker) and starring Donald Sinden, Muriel Pavlow, Tony Wright, Bernard Miles and Christopher Rhodes  It is based on the 1952 novel The Tiger in the Smoke by Margery Allingham, although the film omits the principal character of Albert Campion  The film is set in a noirish smog-shrouded London and briefly in Brittany, France, and combines the genres of mystery, thriller, crime and drama  The cinematography was by Geoffrey Unsworth Except for the omission of Campion, the film follows the plot of the book very closely  It was shot at Pinewood Studios with sets designed by the art director Jack Maxsted 

Plot
Having been sent a picture of her husband, a war hero reported missing in action in France, Meg Elgin, now engaged to her fiancé Geoffrey Leavitt, is led to believe he is still alive and arranges a meeting at a London railway station  When she arrives there with the police accompanying her, she catches sight of a man in the distance wearing an old coat of her husband's  When he is pursued and captured, he turns out to be Duds Morrison, a former soldier and out-of-work actor recently let out of prison  He refuses to tell them anything, and having nothing they can charge him with, the police release him 
His interest aroused by the pictures sent to Meg, Leavitt follows Morrison and tries to question him about his sudden appearance masquerading as Meg’s dead husband  Morrison again refuses to talk, and tries to flee from Leavitt into an alley, but he is set upon by a group of street musicians who beat him to death, and also take Leavitt as a prisoner 
The musicians are ex-commandos and former comrades of Morrison, with whom they had served on a raid in Brittany in the war  The commander of the raid had been Meg's husband, Major Elgin  The men had been led to believe that Elgin knew about secreted treasure in a house in Brittany which he owned before the war, and they are desperate to get their hands on it  They want to find their former sergeant, named Jack Havoc, who has recently escaped from prison, committed several murders, and who they believe knows where the treasure is  They had attacked Morrison because they suspected he was an accomplice of Havoc, and then captured Leavitt believing he was Havoc 
Still wearing their old uniforms, they have spent the past few years carving out a living as street musicians, begging from passers by  Realising that releasing Leavitt might open them to being charged for the murder of Morrison, they bind him up and keep him as a prisoner  He is rescued later by a beat constable, sent by the CID to investigate the squat while the musicians are out  
Leavitt returns to Meg and together they head to Brittany to find the treasure, having learned of its location from a message left by Major Elgin  Havoc, having united with his former comrades and also learned of the treasure's location, also travels to France, where he angrily discovers that when Major Elgin had spoken of his ‘priceless’ treasure, he had been referring to its artistic beauty rather than its monetary worth: it is a small statue of the Madonna  He is apprehended in a confrontation on the nearby cliffs with Leavitt and the French police 

Cast
Production
Roy Ward Baker was offered the job of directing by producer Leslie Parkin, who worked with him on Morning Departure  Marjorie Allingham was one of Baker's favourite authors  As screenwriter Änthony Pelissier was also writing a television special,  Baker helped write the script  He later said Allingham "was a very bizarre writer  Her books appear to be very realistic and straightforward detective stories, thrillers and suspense  But she's not like Dorothy Sayers, she's right off on her own and there's a sort of bizarreness which is very difficult to catch  I didn't get it  I think I got some of it occasionally where a number of the character were just plain daft "Baker felt the film "was a failure " He felt "One of the problems with the picture is that the central character doesn't appear until at least a third of the way through  It should be a man with an overwhelming personality, not macho but real strength, real evil and he is a determined villain "Baker felt this role should have been played by someone like Jack Hawkins or Stanley Baker but John Davis insisted they use Tony Wright  He elaborated

Sometimes people get picked up for a part, a star part, in a good movie, and they’re just not right for it, and they can’t do it, and it ruins them for the rest of their lives  It blows it completely for them  Tony Wright did do, in fact, a lot of work after that, but he never really caught on as a major personality   It’s too bad, and it wrecked the film, and it wrecked this poor man’s career 

Reception
Variety called it "An intriguing, nearly plausible  Screenplay has been made    With a sterling cast, and not over complicated plot, the result is good 
general entertainment      Tony Wright is making his mark in the cold killer type of roles and this  one fits him like a glove "Baker said "it was an unsuccessful picture but it really was quite an important picture in my own development" as "it did me a lot of good in the studio     even during the making it did attract quite a lot of attention and publicity so it was more important than you would think given it was not a successful film  But there were a lot of things in it which were well done and well brought off "
Passage 8:
Li Jianhua (footballer)
Li Jianhua (Chinese: 李健华; pinyin: Lǐ Jiànhuá; Jyutping: Lei5 Gin6waa4) is a retired Chinese footballer who last played as a defender for Guangdong South China Tiger in the China League One 

Club career
He started his career in the 2002 season, quickly establishing himself with 21 appearances and scoring 1 goal in his debut season  Becoming a regular with the Shenzhen Shangqingyin team his highest achievement came in the 2004 Chinese Super League season when Shenzhen won the title, he continued to remain with the team for several further seasons despite them unable to build on their achievements, even flirting with relegation in the 2007 China Super League season  In the beginning of the 2009 season, he transferred to Guangzhou Pharmaceutical F C , which was later named Guangzhou Evergrande 
Along with his teammates Jiang Ning and Wu Pingfeng, Li transferred to Guangzhou Evergrande's opponent Guangzhou R&F in January 2013  He left Guangzhou R&F at the end of 2015 and played for amateur team Shenzhen Baoxin in 2016  On 9 November 2016, Li was signed by his hometown club Meixian Hakka in the China League Two 

International career
Li Jianhua would make his debut against Mexico on 16 April 2008, coming on as a substitute in a 1-0 friendly loss  He would make another substitute appearance for China against El Salvador for another friendly on 23 April 2008, which ended in a 2-2 draw 

Career statistics
Statistics accurate as of match played 3 November 2018 

Honours
Club
Shenzhen Jianlibao

Chinese Super League:  2004Guangzhou Evergrande

Chinese Super League: 2011, 2012
China League One:  2010
Chinese FA Cup: 2012
Chinese FA Super Cup: 2012
Passage 9:
Abhishek Saxena
Abhishek Saxena is an Indian Bollywood and Punjabi film director who directed the movie Phullu  The Phullu movie was released in theaters on 16 June 2017, in which film Sharib Hashmi is the lead role  Apart from these, he has also directed Patiala Dreamz, this is a Punjabi film  This film was screened in cinemas in 2014 

Life and background
Abhishek Saxena was born on 19 September 1988 in the capital of India, Delhi, whose father's name is Mukesh Kumar Saxena  Abhishek Saxena married Ambica Sharma Saxena on 18 December 2014  His mother's name is Gurpreet Kaur Saxena 
Saxena started his career with a Punjabi film Patiala Dreamz, after which he has also directed a Hindi film Phullu, which has appeared in Indian cinemas on 16 June 2017 

Career
Abhishek Saxena made his film debut in 2011 as an assistant director on Doordarshan with Ashok Gaikwad  He made his first directed film Patiala Dreamz, this is a Punjabi movie After this, he has also directed a Hindi film Phullu in 2017, which has been screened in cinemas on 16 June 2017  Saxena is now making his upcoming movie "India Gate" 
In 2018 Abhishek Saxena has come up with topic of body-shaming in his upcoming movie Saroj ka Rishta 
 Where Sanah Kapoor will play the role of Saroj and actors Randeep Rai and Gaurav Pandey will play the two men in Saroj's life Yeh Un Dinon ki Baat Hai lead Randeep Rai will make his Bollywood debut  Talking about the film, director Abhishek Saxena told Mumbai Mirror, "As a fat person, I have noticed that body-shaming doesn’t happen only with those who are on the heavier side, but also with thin people  The idea germinated from there "
Career as an Assistant DirectorApart from this, he has played the role of assistant director in many films and serials in the beginning of his career, in which he has a television serial in 2011, Doordarshan, as well as in 2011, he also assisted in a serial of Star Plus 
In addition to these serials, he played the role of assistant director in the movie "Girgit" which was made in Telugu language 

Filmography
As Director
Passage 10:
Roy Ward Baker
Roy Ward Baker (born Roy Horace Baker; 19 December 1916 – 5 October 2010) was an English film director  His best known film is A Night to Remember (1958) which won a Golden Globe for Best English-Language Foreign Film in 1959  His later career included many horror films and television shows 

Early life and career
Born in London where his father was a Billingsgate fish merchant, Baker was educated at a Lycée in Rouen, France, and at the City of London School 

Career
From 1934 to 1939, Baker worked for Gainsborough Pictures, a British film production company based in the Islington district of London  His first jobs were menial, making tea for crew members, for example, but by 1938 he had risen to the level of assistant director on Alfred Hitchcock's The Lady Vanishes (1938) 
He served in the Army during the Second World War, transferring to the Army Kinematograph Unit in 1943 to make better use of his skills as a production manager and director on documentaries  One of his superiors at the time was novelist Eric Ambler, who insisted on Baker being given his first big break directing The October Man, from an Ambler screenplay, in 1947  Ambler also adapted Walter Lord's A Night to Remember for Baker's 1958 screen version  His next two films, The Weaker Sex (1948) and Paper Orchid (1949) were popular but overshadowed by the success of Morning Departure (1950), also featuring John Mills 
Morning Departure drew international attention to Baker's talent and prompted Darryl Zanuck, production head of 20th Century Fox, to invite him to Hollywood, though his first film for the company - I'll Never Forget You - was made in the UK  During the early 1950s, Baker worked for three years at Fox where he directed Marilyn Monroe in Don't Bother to Knock (1952) and Robert Ryan in the 3D film noir Inferno (1953)  He returned to the UK in 1953 and continued to work on films He worked for television during the 1960s and early 1970s  He directed episodes of The Avengers, The Saint, The Persuaders!,  The Champions, Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased) - all of them adventure series created with an eye on the American market  His experience of working with low budgets in television made him well suited to his next career move into cheaply produced but lavish-looking British horror films  He directed, among others, Quatermass and the Pit (1967) The Vampire Lovers (1970) and Scars of Dracula (1970) for Hammer, and Asylum (1972) and The Vault of Horror (1973) for Amicus  He also directed Bette Davis in the black comedy The Anniversary (1968), and co-directed (with renowned Hong Kong director Chang Cheh) the Hammer-Shaw Brothers Studio collaboration The Legend of the 7 Golden Vampires 
In the latter part of the 1970s he returned to television, and throughout the 1980s continued to work on shows such as Minder  He retired in 1992 
In 2000, Baker published his memoirs, Director's Cut: A Memoir of 60 Years in Film, and in 2002 sold his production files and letters at auction 
He contributed interviews to several DVD extras, such as the extras included with The Saint and Randall & Hopkirk - Deceased  and took part in the 2007 BBC 2 documentary series British Film Forever, and in Mark Gatiss's October 2010 BBC 4 series, A History of Horror, in which he gave his final recorded interview 

Personal life
Ward was married to Muriel Bradford from 1940 to 1944  In 1948, he married Joan Dixon, with whom he had a son  They divorced in 1984 

Death
Baker died on 5 October 2010, aged 93 

Partial filmography
Context 2: Passage 1:
Peter Levin
Peter Levin is an American director of film, television and theatre 

Career
Since 1967, Levin has amassed a large number of credits directing episodic television and television films  Some of his television series credits include Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, James at 15, The Paper Chase, Family, Starsky & Hutch, Lou Grant, Fame, Cagney & Lacey, Law & Order and Judging Amy Some of his television film credits include Rape and Marriage: The Rideout Case (1980), A Reason to Live (1985), Popeye Doyle (1986), A Killer Among Us (1990), Queen Sized (2008) and among other films  He directed "Heart in Hiding", written by his wife Audrey Davis Levin, for which she received an Emmy for Best Day Time Special in the 1970s 
Prior to becoming a director, Levin worked as an actor in several Broadway productions  He costarred with Susan Strasberg in "[The Diary of Ann Frank]" but had to leave the production when he was drafted into the Army  He trained at the Carnegie Mellon University  Eventually becoming a theatre director, he directed productions at the Long Wharf Theatre and the Pacific Resident Theatre Company  He also co-founded the off-off-Broadway Theatre [the Hardware Poets Playhouse] with his wife Audrey Davis Levin and was also an associate artist of The Interact Theatre Company 
Passage 2:
Olav Aaraas
Olav Aaraas (born 10 July 1950) is a Norwegian historian and museum director 
He was born in Fredrikstad  From 1982 to 1993 he was the director of Sogn Folk Museum, from 1993 to 2010 he was the director of Maihaugen and from 2001 he has been the director of the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History  In 2010 he was decorated with the Royal Norwegian Order of St  Olav 
Passage 3:
Jesse E  Hobson
Jesse Edward Hobson (May 2, 1911 – November 5, 1970) was the director of SRI International from 1947 to 1955  Prior to SRI, he was the director of the Armour Research Foundation 

Early life and education
Hobson was born in Marshall, Indiana  He received bachelor's and master's degrees in electrical engineering from Purdue University and a PhD in electrical engineering from the California Institute of Technology  Hobson was also selected as a nationally outstanding engineer Hobson married Jessie Eugertha Bell on March 26, 1939, and they had five children 

Career
Awards and memberships
Hobson was named an IEEE Fellow in 1948 
Passage 4:
Ian Barry (director)
Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV 

Select credits
Waiting for Lucas (1973) (short)
Stone (1974) (editor only)
The Chain Reaction (1980)
Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)
Minnamurra (1989)
Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)
Ring of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)
Crimebroker (1993)
Inferno (1998) (TV movie)
Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)
Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)
The Doctor Blake Mysteries (2013)
Passage 5:
Rubén Duarte Casillas
Rubén Duarte Casillas (born 1 April 1967) is a Mexican football manager and former player 

External links
Rubén Duarte Casillas at Liga MX (archive) (in Spanish)
Rubén Duarte – Liga MX stats at MedioTiempo com (archive) (in Spanish)
Rubén Duarte coach profile at Soccerway
Passage 6:
Brian Kennedy (gallery director)
Brian Patrick Kennedy (born 5 November 1961) is an Irish-born art museum director who has worked in Ireland and Australia, and now lives and works in the United States   He was the director of the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem for 17 months, resigning December 31, 2020  He was the director of the Toledo Museum of Art in Ohio from 2010 to 2019  He was the director of the Hood Museum of Art from 2005 to 2010, and the National Gallery of Australia (Canberra) from 1997 to 2004 

Career
Brian Kennedy currently lives and works in the United States after leaving Australia in 2005 to direct the Hood Museum of Art at Dartmouth College  In October 2010 he became the ninth Director of the Toledo Museum of Art  On 1 July 2019, he succeeded Dan Monroe as the executive director and CEO of the Peabody Essex Museum 

Early life and career in Ireland
Kennedy was born in Dublin and attended Clonkeen College  He received B A  (1982), M A  (1985) and PhD (1989) degrees from University College-Dublin, where he studied both art history and history 
He worked in the Irish Department of Education (1982), the European Commission, Brussels (1983), and in Ireland at the Chester Beatty Library (1983–85), Government Publications Office (1985–86), and Department of Finance (1986–89)  He married Mary Fiona Carlin in 1988 He was Assistant Director at the National Gallery of Ireland in Dublin from 1989 to 1997  He was Chair of the Irish Association of Art Historians from 1996 to 1997, and of the Council of Australian Art Museum Directors from 2001 to 2003  In September 1997 he became Director of the National Gallery of Australia 

National Gallery of Australia (NGA)
Kennedy expanded the traveling exhibitions and loans program throughout Australia, arranged for several major shows of Australian art abroad, increased the number of exhibitions at the museum itself and oversaw the development of an extensive multi-media site   Although he oversaw several years of the museum's highest ever annual visitation, he discontinued the emphasis of his predecessor, Betty Churcher, on showing "blockbuster" exhibitions 
During his directorship, the NGA gained government support for improving the building and significant private donations and corporate sponsorship  However, the initial design for the building proved controversial generating a public dispute with the original architect on moral rights grounds   As a result, the project was not delivered during Dr Kennedy's tenure, with a significantly altered design completed some years later   Private funding supported two acquisitions of British art, including David Hockney's A Bigger Grand Canyon in 1999, and Lucian Freud's After Cézanne in 2001  Kennedy built on the established collections at the museum by acquiring the Holmgren-Spertus collection of Indonesian textiles; the Kenneth Tyler collection of editioned prints, screens, multiples and unique proofs; and the Australian Print Workshop Archive  He was also notable for campaigning for the construction of a new "front" entrance to the Gallery, facing King Edward Terrace, which was completed in 2010 (see reference to the building project above) 
Kennedy's cancellation of the "Sensation exhibition" (scheduled at the NGA from 2 June 2000 to 13 August 2000) was controversial, and seen by some as censorship  He claimed that the decision was due to the exhibition being "too close to the market" implying that a national cultural institution cannot exhibit the private collection of a speculative art investor  However, there were other exhibitions at the NGA during his tenure, which could have raised similar concerns  The exhibition featured the privately owned Young British Artists works belonging to Charles Saatchi and attracted large attendances in London and Brooklyn  Its most controversial work was Chris Ofili's The Holy Virgin Mary, a painting which used elephant dung and was accused of being blasphemous  The then-mayor of New York, Rudolph Giuliani, campaigned against the exhibition, claiming it was "Catholic-bashing" and an "aggressive, vicious, disgusting attack on religion " In November 1999, Kennedy cancelled the exhibition and stated that the events in New York had "obscured discussion of the artistic merit of the works of art"  He has said that it "was the toughest decision of my professional life, so far "Kennedy was also repeatedly questioned on his management of a range of issues during the Australian Government's Senate Estimates process - particularly on the NGA's occupational health and safety record and concerns about the NGA's twenty-year-old air-conditioning system  The air-conditioning was finally renovated in 2003  Kennedy announced in 2002 that he would not seek extension of his contract beyond 2004, accepting a seven-year term as had his two predecessors He became a joint Irish-Australian citizen in 2003 

Toledo Museum of Art
The Toledo Museum of Art is known for its exceptional collections of European and American paintings and sculpture, glass, antiquities, artist books, Japanese prints and netsuke  The museum offers free admission and is recognized for its historical leadership in the field of art education   During his tenure, Kennedy has focused the museum's art education efforts on visual literacy, which he defines as "learning to read, understand and write visual language "   Initiatives have included baby and toddler tours, specialized training for all staff, docents, volunteers and the launch of a website, www vislit org  In November 2014, the museum hosted the International Visual Literacy Association (IVLA) conference, the first Museum to do so  Kennedy has been a frequent speaker on the topic, including 2010 and 2013 TEDx talks on visual and sensory literacy 
Kennedy has expressed an interest in expanding the museum's collection of contemporary art and art by indigenous peoples  Works by Frank Stella, Sean Scully, Jaume Plensa, Ravinder Reddy and Mary Sibande have been acquired   In addition, the museum has made major acquisitions of Old Master paintings by Frans Hals and Luca Giordano During his tenure the Toledo Museum of Art has announced the return of several objects from its collection due to claims the objects were stolen and/or illegally exported prior being sold to the museum   In 2011 a Meissen sweetmeat stand was returned to Germany followed by an Etruscan Kalpis or water jug to Italy (2013), an Indian sculpture of Ganesha (2014) and an astrological compendium to Germany in 2015
Context 3: Passage 1:
Alex Cox
Alexander B  H  Cox (born 15 December 1954) is an English film director, screenwriter, actor, non-fiction author and broadcaster  Cox experienced success early in his career with Repo Man and Sid and Nancy, but since the release and commercial failure of Walker, his career has moved towards independent films  Cox received a co-writer credit for the screenplay of Terry Gilliam's Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas (1998) for previous work on the script before it was rewritten by Gilliam 
As of 2012, Cox has taught screenwriting and film production at the University of Colorado, Boulder 

Early life
Cox was born in Bebington, Cheshire, England in 1954  He attended Worcester College, Oxford, and later transferred to the University of Bristol where he majored in film studies  Cox secured a Fulbright Scholarship, allowing him to study at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he graduated from the School of Theater, Film and Television with an MFA 

Film career
Study and independent
Cox began reading law as an undergraduate at Oxford University, but left to study radio, film and TV at Bristol University, graduating in 1977  Seeing difficulties in the British film scene at the time, he first went to Los Angeles to attend film school at UCLA in 1977  There he produced his first film, Edge City (also known as Sleep Is for Sissies), a 40-minute surreal short about an artist struggling against society  After graduation, Cox formed Edge City Productions with two friends with the intention of producing low-budget feature films  He wrote a screenplay for Repo Man, which he hoped to produce for a budget of $70,000, and began seeking funding 

Hollywood and major studio period (1978–1987)
Michael Nesmith agreed to produce Repo Man, and convinced Universal Studios to back the project with a budget of over a million dollars  During the course of the film's production, the studio's management changed, and the new management had far less faith in the project  The initial cinema release was limited to Chicago, followed by Los Angeles, and was short-lived 
After the success of the soundtrack album (notable for featuring many popular LA punk bands), there was enough interest in the film to earn a re-release in a single cinema in New York City, but only after becoming available on video and cable  Nevertheless, it ran for 18 months, and eventually earned $4,000,000 
Continuing his fascination with punk music, Cox's next film was an independent feature shot in London and Los Angeles, following the career and death of bassist Sid Vicious and his girlfriend Nancy Spungen, initially titled Love Kills and later renamed Sid and Nancy  It was met warmly by critics and fans, though heavily criticised by some, including Pistols' frontman John Lydon, for its inaccuracies  The production of this film also sparked a relationship with Joe Strummer of the Clash, who would continue to collaborate with the director on his next two films 
Cox had long been interested in Nicaragua and the Sandinistas (both Repo Man and Edge City made references to Nicaragua and/or Latin American revolution), and visited in 1984  The following year, he hoped to shoot a concert film there featuring the Clash, the Pogues and Elvis Costello  When he could not get backing, he decided instead to write a film that they would all act in  The film became Straight to Hell  Collaborating with Dick Rude (who also co-starred beside Strummer, Sy Richardson and Courtney Love), he imagined the film as a spoof of the Spaghetti Western genre, filmed in Almería, Spain, where many classic Italian westerns were shot  Straight to Hell was widely panned critically, but successful in Japan and retains a cult following  On 1 June 2012, Cox wrote an article in The New York Times about his long-standing interest in spaghetti westerns Continuing his interest in Nicaragua, Cox took on a more overtly political project, with the intention of filming it there  He asked Rudy Wurlitzer to pen the screenplay, which followed the life of William Walker, set against a backdrop of anachronisms that drew parallels between the story and modern American intervention in the area  The $6,000,000 production was backed by Universal, but the completed film was too political and too violent for the studio's tastes, and the film went without promotion  When Walker failed to perform at the box office, it ended the director's involvement with Hollywood studios, and led to a period of several years in which Cox would not direct a single film  Despite this, Cox and some critics maintain that it is his best film 

Mexican period (1988–1996)
Effectively blacklisted for working on a studio project during the 1988 Writers Guild of America strike, Alex Cox struggled to find feature work  He finally got financial backing for a feature from investors in Japan, where his films had been successful on video  Cox had scouted locations in Mexico during the pre-production of Walker and decided he wanted to shoot a film there, with a local cast and crew, in Spanish  Producer Lorenzo O'Brien penned the script  Inspired by the style of Mexican directors including Arturo Ripstein, he shot most of the film in plano secuencia; long, continuous takes shot with a hand-held camera  El Patrullero was completed and released in 1991, but struggled to find its way into cinemas 
Shortly after this, Cox was invited to adapt a Jorge Luis Borges story of his choice for the BBC  He chose Death and the Compass  Despite being a British production and an English language film, he convinced his producers to let him shoot in Mexico City  This film, like his previous Mexican production, made extensive use of long-takes  The completed 55-minute film aired on the BBC in 1992 
Cox had hoped to expand this into a feature-length film, but the BBC was uninterested  Japanese investors gave him $100,000 to expand the film in 1993, but the production ran over-budget, allowing no funds for post-production  To secure funds, Cox directed a "work for hire" project called The Winner  The film was edited extensively without Cox's knowledge, and he tried to have his name removed from the credits as a result but was denied, but the money was enough for Cox to fund the completion of Death and the Compass  The finished, 82-minute feature received a limited cinema release in the US, where the TV version had not aired, in 1996 

Liverpool period (1997–2006)
In 1996, producer Stephen Nemeth employed Alex Cox to write and direct an adaptation of Hunter S  Thompson's Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas  After creative disagreements with the producer and Thompson, he was sacked from the project, and his script rewritten when Terry Gilliam took over the film  (Cox later sued successfully for a writing credit, as it was ruled that there were enough similarities between the drafts to suggest that Gilliam's was derivative of Cox's  Gilliam countered that the screenplays were based on the source book and similarities between them were a consequence of this )
In 1997, Alex Cox made a deal with Dutch producer Wim Kayzer to produce another dual TV/feature production  Three Businessmen  Initially, Cox had hoped to shoot in Mexico but later decided to set his story in Liverpool, Rotterdam, Tokyo and Almería  The story follows businessmen in Liverpool who leave their hotel in search of food and slowly drift further from their starting point, all the while believing they are still in Liverpool  The film was completed for a small budget of $250,000  Following this, Cox moved back to Liverpool and became interested in creating films there 
Cox had long been interested in the Jacobean play, The Revenger's Tragedy, and upon moving back to Britain, decided to pursue adapting it to a film  Collaborating with fellow Liverpudlian screenwriter Frank Cottrell Boyce, the story was recast in the near future, following an unseen war  This adaptation, titled Revengers Tragedy, consisted primarily of the original play's dialogue, with some additional bits written in a more modern tone  The film is also notable for its soundtrack, composed by Chumbawamba 
Following this, Cox directed a short film set in Liverpool for the BBC titled I'm a Juvenile Delinquent – Jail Me! (2004)  The 30-minute film satirised reality television as well as the high volume of petty crime in Liverpool which, according to Cox, is largely recreational 

Microfeature period (2007–present)
In 2006, Alex Cox tried to get funding for a series of eight very low budget features set in Liverpool and produced by locals  The project was not completed, but the director grew interested in pursuing the idea of a film made for less than £100,000  He had originally hoped to shoot Repo Man on a comparable budget, and hoped that the lower overhead would mean greater creative freedom 
Searchers 2 0, named after but based on The Searchers, became Cox's first film for which he has sole writing credit since Repo Man, and marked his return to the comedy genre  A road movie and a revenge story, it tells of two actors, loosely based on and played by Del Zamora and Ed Pansullo, who travel from Los Angeles to a desert film screening in Monument Valley in the hopes of avenging abuse inflicted on them by a cruel screenwriter, Fritz Frobisher (Sy Richardson)  It was scored by longtime collaborator Dan Wool aka Pray for Rain (Sid & Nancy, Straight to Hell, Death & the Compass, The Winner, Three Businessmen, Repo Chick among others)  Although the film was unable to achieve a cinema release in America or Europe, Cox claimed the experience of making a film with a smaller crew and less restrictions was energising  It is available on DVD in Japan, and was released in October 2010 in North America Alex Cox had attempted to get a Repo Man sequel, titled Waldo's Hawaiian Holiday, produced in the mid-'90s, but the project fell apart, with the script adapted into a graphic novel of the same name  For his next micro-feature, he wrote a fresh attempt at a Repo follow-up, although it contained no recurring characters, so as to preserve Universal's rights to the original  Repo Chick was filmed entirely against a green screen, with backgrounds of digital composites, live action shots, and miniatures matted in afterwards, to produce an artificial look  It premiered at the Venice Film Festival on 9 September 2009 
As of July 2012, Cox was teaching film production and screenwriting at the University of Colorado at Boulder In 2013 Cox directed Bill, the Galactic Hero, developed from a science fiction book by Harry Harrison  It was funded by a successful Kickstarter funding campaign, raising $114,957 of the original $100,000 goal  The film was to be made, created and acted by his film students in monochrome with supervision from professional film makers who would be giving their time on the film for free Cox's 2013 book The President and the Provocateur examines events in the lives of John F  Kennedy and Lee Harvey Oswald leading up to Kennedy's assassination, with reference to the various conspiracy theories In 2017 Cox directed another crowdfunded film, Tombstone Rashomon, which tells the tale of the Gunfight at the O K  Corral from multiple perspectives in the style of Akira Kurosawa's 1950 film Rashomon In September 2019, Cox started the podcast ‘Conversations with Cox and Kjølseth’ with his friend and colleague Pablo Kjølseth  In October 2022, Cox announced the end of the podcast, citing its small audience and the comparative success of podcasts by Joe Dante, Quentin Tarantino and Cox's one-time collaborator Roger Deakins 

Moviedrome
In May 1988 Cox began presenting the long-running and influential BBC series Moviedrome  The weekly strand was a showcase for cult films  Though most of the films shown were chosen by series creator and producer Nick Jones, each film was introduced by Cox  By the time he left the show in September 1994, Cox had introduced 141 films  Various film directors have cited Moviedrome as an influence, including Ben Wheatley and Edgar Wright  The series was later presented by film director and critic Mark Cousins 

Influences and style
Cox has cited Luis Buñuel and Akira Kurosawa as influences, as well as the Western film directors Sergio Leone, Sergio Corbucci, Sam Peckinpah, John Ford and Giulio Questi  Cox also wrote a book on the history of the genre called 10,000 Ways to Die  While he once directed films for Universal Pictures, such as Repo Man and Walker, since the late 1980s, he has found himself on a self-described blacklist, and turned to producing independent films  Cox is an atheist and is decidedly left-wing in his political views  Many of his films have an explicit anti-capitalist theme or message  He was originally set to direct Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas but was replaced by Terry Gilliam due to creative differences with Hunter S  Thompson  By August 2009, Cox had announced completion of Repo Chick, which premiered at the Venice Film Festival the following month, but he remained ambivalent as to whether the film would ever be distributed to cinemas  His previous film, Searchers 2 0, was not released theatrically, and only appears on DVD in Japan and North America after a televised screening in the UK on the BBC 
Cox is a fan of the Japanese Godzilla films and appeared in a 1998 BBC documentary highlighting the series  He also narrated the documentary Bringing Godzilla Down to Size and wrote the Godzilla in Time comics for Dark Horse  He tried to direct an American Godzilla film at one point, but unsuccessfully submitted his outline to TriStar Pictures 

Personal life
As of 2011, Cox resided in Colestin, Oregon with his wife, writer Todelina Babish Davies 

Partial list of works
Feature films
Documentaries
Kurosawa: The Last Emperor (1999)
Emmanuelle: A Hard Look (2000)
Bringing Godzilla Down to Size (2007) – narrator
Scene Missing (2012)

Television
Moviedrome (as presenter) (1988 to 1994)
Godzilla: King of the Monsters – BBC, contributor
In His Life: The John Lennon Story as Bruno Koschmider
Mike Hama Must Die! (2002)
I'm a Juvenile Delinquent – Jail Me! (2003)

Books
10,000 Ways to Die: A Director's Take on the Spaghetti Western (2008)
X Films: True Confessions of a Radical Filmmaker (2008)
Waldo's Hawaiian Holiday (2008)
Three Dead Princes (Illustrator) (2010)
The President and the Provocateur: The Parallel Lives of JFK and Lee Harvey Oswald (2013)
Alex Cox's Introduction to Film: A Director's Perspective (2016)
I Am (Not) A Number: Decoding The Prisoner (2017)

Acting credits
Passage 2:
Hartley Lobban
Hartley W Lobban (9 May 1926 – 15 October 2004) was a Jamaican-born first-class cricketer who played 17 matches for Worcestershire in the early 1950s 

Life and career
Lobban played little cricket in Jamaica  He went to England at the end of World War II as a member of the Royal Air Force, and settled in Kidderminster in Worcestershire in 1947, where he worked as a civilian lorry driver for the RAF  He began playing for Kidderminster Cricket Club in the Birmingham League, and at the start of the 1952 season, opening the bowling for the club's senior team, he had figures of 7 for 9 and 7 for 37 Worcestershire invited him to play for them, and he made his first-class debut against Sussex in July 1952  He took five wickets in the match (his maiden victim being Ken Suttle) and then held on for 4 not out with Peter Richardson (20 not out) to add the 12 runs needed for a one-wicket victory after his county had collapsed from 192 for 2 to 238 for 9  A week later he claimed four wickets against Warwickshire, then a few days later still he managed 6 for 52 (five of his victims bowled) in what was otherwise a disastrous innings defeat to Derbyshire  In the last match of the season he took a career-best 6 for 51 against Glamorgan; he and Reg Perks (4 for 59) bowled unchanged throughout the first innings  Worcestershire won the game and Lobban finished the season with 23 wickets at 23 69 He took 23 wickets again in 1953, but at a considerably worse average of 34 43, and had only two really successful games: against Oxford University in June, when he took 5 for 70, and then against Sussex in July  On this occasion Lobban claimed eight wickets, his most in a match, including 6 for 103 in the first innings  He also made his highest score with the bat, 18, but Sussex won by five wickets In 1954 Lobban made only two first-class appearances, and managed only the single wicket of Gloucestershire tail-ender Bomber Wells  In his final game, against Warwickshire at Dudley, his nine first-innings overs cost 51  He bowled just two overs in the second innings as Warwickshire completed an easy ten-wicket win  Lobban played one more Second XI game, against Glamorgan II at Cardiff Arms Park; in this he picked up five wickets 
He was also a professional boxer and played rugby union for Kidderminster He later moved to Canada, where he worked as a teacher in Burnaby, British Columbia  He and his wife Celia had a son and two daughters 
Passage 3:
Waiting for the Clouds
Waiting for the Clouds (Bulutları Beklerken) is a film from 2003, Turkey  The film was directed by Yeşim Ustaoğlu  It is based on a novel by Georgios Andreadis titled Tamama  The film was produced by Setarh Farsi, Helge Albers and Behrooz Hashemian  The film was nominated in Montréal World Film Festival 2004 

Plot
The neighbor´s son Mehmet is worried about the elderly woman Ayshe, and he likes hearing her stories  When Ayshe´s older sister dies she refuses to be with the other villager and starts searching for her younger brother in Greece  Waiting for the Clouds takes place in 1975 and Mehmet´s experience is based on the directors memory from the 70s  And the character Ayshe would not have had to keep her ethnic identity a secret for 50 years if she had lived in a tolerant environment 

Hiding ethnic identity
The character of Ayshe was born Eleni, daughter of indigenous Greeks in the eastern Black Sea region of Northern Turkey, what was once the ancient country of Pontus



ground_truth: Contragolpe

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Where was the director of film Eisenstein In Guanajuato born?

The following are given passages.
Context 2: 

Hood Museum of Art
Kennedy became Director of the Hood Museum of Art in July 2005  During his tenure, he implemented a series of large and small-scale exhibitions and oversaw the production of more than 20 publications to bring greater public attention to the museum's remarkable collections of the arts of America, Europe, Africa, Papua New Guinea and the Polar regions  At 70,000 objects, the Hood has one of the largest collections on any American college of university campus  The exhibition, Black Womanhood: Images, Icons, and Ideologies of the African Body, toured several US venues  Kennedy increased campus curricular use of works of art, with thousands of objects pulled from storage for classes annually  Numerous acquisitions were made with the museum's generous endowments, and he curated several exhibitions: including Wenda Gu: Forest of Stone Steles: Retranslation and Rewriting Tang Dynasty Poetry, Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, and Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons 

Publications
Kennedy has written or edited a number of books on art, including:

Alfred Chester Beatty and Ireland 1950-1968: A study in cultural politics, Glendale Press (1988), ISBN 978-0-907606-49-9
Dreams and responsibilities: The state and arts in independent Ireland, Arts Council of Ireland (1990), ISBN 978-0-906627-32-7
Jack B Yeats: Jack Butler Yeats, 1871-1957 (Lives of Irish Artists), Unipub (October 1991), ISBN 978-0-948524-24-0
The Anatomy Lesson: Art and Medicine (with Davis Coakley), National Gallery of Ireland (January 1992), ISBN 978-0-903162-65-4
Ireland: Art into History (with Raymond Gillespie), Roberts Rinehart Publishers (1994), ISBN 978-1-57098-005-3
Irish Painting, Roberts Rinehart Publishers (November 1997),  ISBN 978-1-86059-059-7
Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, Hood Museum of Art (October 2008), ISBN 978-0-944722-34-3
Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons, 1965-1966, Hood Museum of Art (October 2010), ISBN 978-0-944722-39-8

Honors and achievements
Kennedy was awarded the Australian Centenary Medal in 2001 for service to Australian Society and its art  He is a trustee and treasurer of the Association of Art Museum Directors, a peer reviewer for the American Association of Museums and a member of the International Association of Art Critics  In 2013 he was appointed inaugural eminent professor at the University of Toledo and received an honorary doctorate from Lourdes University  Most recently, Kennedy received the 2014 Northwest Region, Ohio Art Education Association award for distinguished educator for art education 


== Notes ==
Passage 7:
Elmer Bäck
Elmer Bäck (born 18 October 1981) is a Finnish actor who is best known for starring in a 2015 Peter Greenaway film Eisenstein in Guanajuato  He has been in theatrical productions, in movies and on television in Finland, and is part of the theatre group Nya Rampen, based in Berlin, Germany 

Personal life
Bäck is a Swedish-speaking Finn  He married Brenda, a Mexican costume designer, in 2017  They had met during the production of Eisenstein in Guanajuato 

Selected filmography
Missä kuljimme kerran (2011)
Eisenstein in Guanajuato (2015)
The Last Ones (2020)
Passage 8:
Peter Greenaway
Peter Greenaway,  (born 5 April 1942) is a British film director, screenwriter and artist  His films are noted for the distinct influence of Renaissance and Baroque painting, and Flemish painting in particular  Common traits in his films are the scenic composition and illumination and the contrasts of costume and nudity, nature and architecture, furniture and people, sexual pleasure and painful death 

Early life
Greenaway was born in Newport, Monmouthshire, Wales, to a teacher mother and a builder's merchant father  Greenaway's family had relocated to Wales prior to his birth to escape the Nazi bombings of London  They returned to the London area at the end of World War II and settled in Woodford, then part of Essex  He attended Churchfields Junior School and later Forest School in nearby Walthamstow 
At an early age Greenaway decided on becoming a painter  He became interested in European cinema, focusing first on the films of Ingmar Bergman, and then on the French nouvelle vague filmmakers such as Jean-Luc Godard and, most especially, Alain Resnais  Greenaway has said that Resnais's Last Year in Marienbad (1961) had been the most important influence upon his own filmmaking (and he himself established a close working relationship with that film's cinematographer Sacha Vierny)  He now lives in Amsterdam 

Career
1962–1999
In 1962, Greenaway began studies at Walthamstow College of Art, where a fellow student was musician Ian Dury (later cast in The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover)  Greenaway trained as a muralist for three years; he made his first film, Death of Sentiment, a churchyard furniture essay filmed in four large London cemeteries  In 1965, he joined the Central Office of Information (COI), where he went on to work for fifteen years as a film editor and director  In that time he made a series of experimental films, starting with Train (1966), footage of the last steam trains at Waterloo station (situated behind the COI), edited to a musique concrète composition  Tree (1966) is a homage to the embattled tree growing in concrete outside the Royal Festival Hall on the South Bank in London  By the late 1970s he was confident and ambitious, and made Vertical Features Remake and A Walk Through H  The former is an examination of various arithmetical editing structures, and the latter is a journey through the maps of a fictitious country 
In 1980, Greenaway delivered The Falls (his first feature-length film) – a mammoth, fantastical, absurdist encyclopaedia of flight-associated material all relating to ninety-two victims of what is referred to as the Violent Unknown Event (VUE)  In the 1980s his cinema flowered in his best-known films, The Draughtsman's Contract (1982), A Zed & Two Noughts (1985), The Belly of an Architect (1987), Drowning by Numbers (1988), and his most successful film, The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover (1989)  Greenaway's most familiar musical collaborator during this period is composer Michael Nyman, who has scored several films 
In 1989, Greenaway collaborated with artist Tom Phillips on a television serial A TV Dante, dramatising the first few cantos of Dante's Inferno  In the 1990s he presented Prospero's Books (1991), the controversial The Baby of Mâcon (1993), The Pillow Book (1996), and 8½ Women (1999) 
In the early 1990s Greenaway wrote ten opera libretti known as the Death of a Composer series, dealing with the commonalities of the deaths of ten composers from Anton Webern to John Lennon; however, the other composers are fictitious, and one is a character from The Falls  In 1995, Louis Andriessen completed the sixth libretto, Rosa – A Horse Drama  He is currently professor of cinema studies at the European Graduate School in Saas-Fee, Switzerland 

2000–present
Greenaway presented the ambitious The Tulse Luper Suitcases, a multimedia project that resulted in three films, a website, two books, a touring exhibition, and a shorter feature which reworked the material of the first three films 
He also contributed to Visions of Europe, a short film collection by different European Union directors; his British entry is The European Showerbath  Nightwatching and Rembrandt's J'Accuse are two films on Rembrandt, released respectively in 2007 and 2008  Nightwatching is the first feature in the series "Dutch Masters", with the second project titled as Goltzius and the Pelican Company On 17 June 2005, Greenaway appeared for his first VJ performance during an art club evening in Amsterdam, Netherlands, with music by DJ Serge Dodwell (aka Radar), as a backdrop, 'VJ' Greenaway used for his set a special system consisting of a large plasma screen with laser controlled touchscreen to project the ninety-two Tulse Luper stories on the twelve screens of "Club 11", mixing the images live  This was later reprised at the Optronica festival, London 
On 12 October 2007, he created the multimedia installation Peopling the Palaces at Venaria Reale at the Royal Palace of Venaria, which animated the Palace with 100 videoprojectors Greenaway was interviewed for Clive Meyer's Critical Cinema: Beyond the Theory of Practice (2011), and voiced strong criticisms of film theory as distinct from discussions of other media: "Are you sufficiently happy with cinema as a thinking medium if you are only talking to one person?"On 3 May 2016, he received a Honoris Causa doctorate from the University of San Martín, Argentina 

Nine Classical Paintings Revisited
In 2006, Greenaway began a series of digital video installations, Nine Classical Paintings Revisited, with his exploration of Rembrandt's Night Watch in the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam  On 30 June 2008, after much negotiation, Greenaway staged a one-night performance 'remixing' da Vinci's The Last Supper in the refectory of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan to a select audience of dignitaries  The performance consisted of superimposing digital imagery and projections onto the painting with music from the composer Marco Robino 

		
Greenaway exhibited his digital exploration of The Wedding at Cana by Paolo Veronese as part of the 2009 Venice Biennial  An arts writer for The New York Times called it "possibly the best unmanned art history lecture you'll ever experience," while acknowledging that some viewers might respond to it as "mediocre art, Disneyfied kitsch or a flamboyant denigration of site-specific video installation " The 50-minute presentation, set to a soundtrack, incorporates closeup images of faces from the painting along with animated diagrams revealing compositional relations among the figures  These images are projected onto and around the replica of the painting that now stands at the original site, within the Palladian architecture of the Benedictine refectory on San Giorgio Maggiore  The soundtrack features music and imagined dialogue scripted by Greenaway for the 126 "wedding guests, servants, onlookers and wedding crashers" depicted in the painting, consisting of small talk and banal chatter that culminates in reaction to the miraculous transformation of water to wine, according to the Gospels the first miracle performed by Jesus  Picasso's Guernica, Seurat's Grande Jatte, works by Jackson Pollock and Claude Monet, Velázquez's Las Meninas and Michelangelo's The Last Judgment are possible series subjects 

Films
Features
The Falls (1980)
The Draughtsman's Contract (1982)
A Zed & Two Noughts (1985)
The Belly of an Architect (1987)
Drowning by Numbers (1988)
The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover (1989)
Prospero's Books (1991)
The Baby of Mâcon (1993)
The Pillow Book (1996)
8½ Women (1999)
The Tulse Luper Suitcases, Part 1: The Moab Story (2003)
The Tulse Luper Suitcases, Part 2: Vaux to the Sea (2004)
The Tulse Luper Suitcases, Part 3: From Sark to the Finish (2004)
A Life in Suitcases (edited version of The Tulse Luper Suitcases series) (2005)
Nightwatching (2007)
Goltzius and the Pelican Company (2012)
Eisenstein in Guanajuato (2015)
Walking to Paris (upcoming)

Shorts
Death of Sentiment (1962)
Tree (1966)
Train (1966)
Revolution (1967)
5 Postcards from Capital Cities (1967)
Intervals (1969)
Erosion (1971)
H Is for House (1973)
Windows (1975)
Water Wrackets (1975)
Water (1975)
Goole by Numbers (1976)
Dear Phone (1978)
Vertical Features Remake (1978)
A Walk Through H: The Reincarnation of an Ornithologist (1978)
1–100 (1978)
Making a Splash (1984)
Inside Rooms: 26 Bathrooms, London & Oxfordshire (1985)
Hubert Bals Handshake (1989)
Rosa: La monnaie de munt (1992)
Peter Greenaway (1995) - segment of Lumière and Company
The Bridge Celebration (1997)
The Man in the Bath (2001)
European Showerbath (2004) - segment of Visions of Europe
Castle Amerongen (2011)
Just in Time (2013) - segment of 3x3D

Documentaries and mockumentaries
Eddie Kid (1978)
Cut Above the Rest (1978)
Zandra Rhodes (1979)
Women Artists (1979)
Leeds Castle (1979)
Lacock Village (1980)
Country Diary (1980)
Terence Conran (1981)
Four American Composers (1983)
The Coastline (also known as The Sea in their Blood) (1983)
Fear of Drowning (1988)
The Reitdiep Journeys (2001)
Rembrandt's J'Accuse (2008)
The Marriage (2009)
Atomic Bombs on the Planet Earth (2011)

Television
Act of God (1980)
Death in the Seine (French TV, 1988)
A TV Dante (mini-series, 1989)
M Is for Man, Music, Mozart (1991)
A Walk Through Prospero's Library (1992)
Darwin (French TV, 1993)
The Death of a Composer: Rosa, a Horse Drama (1999)

Exhibitions
The Physical Self, Museum Boymans van Beuningen, Rotterdam (1991)
Le bruit des nuages (as curator), Louvre Museum, Paris (1992)
100 Objects to represent the World (1992) at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna and the Hofburg Imperial Palace Vienna 
Stairs 1 Geneva (1995)
Flyga över vatten/Flying over water, Malmö Konsthall (16/9 2000 – 14/1 2001)
Peopling the Palaces at Venaria Reale, Palace of Venaria (2007)
Heavy Water, Chelouche Gallery, Tel Aviv (2011)
Sex & The Sea, Maritiem Museum, Rotterdam (2013)
The Towers/Lucca Hubris, Lucca (2013)
Passage 9:
Luis Alberti (actor)
Luis Alberti (born 30 October 1981) is a Mexican actor  He studied acting at La Casa del Teatro, and stood out in the film Eisenstein in Guanajuato, 
and later in the Mexican film Encarnación  On television  it was highlighted by series as Rosario Tijeras (2016–2017), and El César (2017), and more recently for playing the Mexican singer José Guadalupe Esparza, in the biographical series Bronco: The Series 

Filmography
Films roles
Television roles
Passage 10:
Eisenstein in Guanajuato
Eisenstein in Guanajuato is a 2015 biographical romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by Peter Greenaway  Starring Elmer Bäck as Soviet film director Sergei Eisenstein, alongside Stelio Savante, Lisa Owen, Maya Zapata, Luis Alberti, Jakob Öhrman, Rasmus Slätis, and Raino Ranta, the film is an international co-production between companies in the Netherlands, Mexico, Belgium, Finland and France 

Cast
Release
Eisenstein in Guanajuato premiered at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival in the main competition section on 11 February 2015  The film was voted to the bottom place by the Screen International's critics’ jury and subsequently ignored by the official jury The film opened theatrically 18 June in the Netherlands, 8 July in France, 4 September in Finland, and 22 January 2016 in Mexico  It was granted a very limited theatrical release in the United States on 5 February 2016 

Critical reception
The film received mixed reviews from critics  On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 55% score based on 38 reviews, with an average rating of 6/10  The site's consensus states: "Eisenstein in Guanajuato is certainly bold, but its provocations aren't always enough to overcome a lack of depth and clear narrative purpose " Metacritic reports a 60 out of 100 rating based on 16 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews" Critic and author David Robinson praised Greenaway's "   own post-modern pictorialism still as ingenious, flashy and painstakingly wrought in his seventies " He also criticised the film heavily for its salaciousness and many historical inaccuracies, stating that of Eisenstein's wife Pera Atasheva and his many friends, confidants and colleagues: "None of these would recognise the Eisenstein they knew in Greenaway’s Guanajuato "

See also
List of LGBT-related films of 2015



ground_truth: Newport, Wales

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Which film has the director who was born first, Tombstone Rashomon or Waiting For The Clouds?

The following are given passages.
Context 3:  She was adopted by a Turkish Muslim family in the World War I  Fear is the reason that Ayshe never spoke of her ethnic past again  In the 70s Turkey the government did put a lot of pressure on the ordinary lives   If there had been tolerance, Ayshe would not have had to keep her ethnic identity a secret for 50 years  But in 1970s Turkey, paranoia and a fear of “others” was on the rise while tolerance toward minority ethnic groups diminished 

Boundaries and Ties
The movie has many commonalities with a series of movies by the renowned film maker Theodoros Angelopoulos: the borders and their impact on the lives of human beings – as in The Suspended Step of the Stork; a tedious Odyssean search for a family member – as in Landscape in the Mist; the long-lost identity and the fusion of different cultures – as in Ulysses' Gaze and The Suspended Step of the Stork  The similarities are not limited to the content and themes; they also include the form and style of the movie: carefully composed scenes and an enormous number of extended long shots  But there are telling differences as well  In Waiting for the Clouds, Ustaoglu tends to emphasize on the idea of distance, whereas Angelopolous emphasizes on the journey  We barely see Ayshe on the journey; rather, we see her at two different destinations  She belongs to a generation which has gone through the ordeal of Population exchange between Greece and Turkey, and has never managed  to fully recover from that emotional wound  When she finally decides to overcome her fears and inhibitions and go to find her lost brother, she trespasses a number of boundaries  We don’t see her cross the physical boundary, the border, – unlike Angelopolous – but her crossing the imagined boundaries that she had created for herself is manifest  “The objective properties of the community are less important than the imagined ones ” Deep in her subconscious, she imagines herself belonging to another nation, another community, and another language  But when she ventures outside her little home in the small village, she gets to see that what she had imagined to be her true community, is as strange to her as it gets  She goes back to Turkey, but she is not the same person anymore  She seems like she has put a huge burden off her shoulder  She begins to smile 
Passage 4:
Hassan Zee
Hassan "Doctor" Zee is a Pakistani-American film director who was born in Chakwal, Pakistan 

Early life
Doctor Zee grew up in Chakwal, a small village in Punjab, Pakistan  as one of seven brothers and sisters  His father was in the military and this fact required the family to move often to different cities  As a child Zee was forbidden from watching cinema because his father believed movies were a bad influence on children 
At age 13, Doctor Zee got his start in the world of entertainment at Radio Pakistan where he wrote and produced radio dramas and musical programs   It was then that he realized his passion for storytelling At the age of 26, Doctor Zee earned his medical doctorate degree and did his residency in a burn unit at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences  He cared for women who were victims of  "Bride Burning," the archaic practice used as a form of punishment against women who fail to provide sufficient dowry to their in-laws after marriage or fail to provide offspring   He also witnessed how his country’s transgender and intersex people, called “hijras”, were banned from having jobs and forced to beg to survive  These experiences inspired Doctor Zee to tackle the issues of women’s empowerment and gender inequality in his films In 1999, he came to San Francisco to pursue his dream of filmmaking and made San Francisco his home

Education
He received his early education from Jinnah Public School, Chakwal  He got his medical doctor degree at Rawalpindi Medical College, Pakistan 

Film career
Doctor Zee's first film titled Night of Henna was released in 2005  The theme of the film dealt with "the conflict between Old World immigrant customs and modern Western ways   " Night of Henna focused on the problems of Pakistani expatriates who found it hard to adjust in American culture  Many often landed themselves in trouble when it came to marrying off their children 
His second film Bicycle Bride came out in 2010, which was about "the clash between the bonds of family and the weight of tradition " His third film House of Temptation that came out in 2014 was about a family which struggles against the temptations of the Devil  His fourth film “Good Morning Pakistan”, concerned a young American’s journey back to Pakistan where he confronts the contradictory nature of a beautiful and ancient culture that's marred by economic, educational and gender inequality His upcoming fifth film, "Ghost in San Francisco" is a supernatural thriller starring Felissa Rose, Dave Sheridan, and Kyle Lowder where a soldier comes home from Afghanistan to discover that his wife is having an affair with his best friend  While battling with his inner ghosts and demons, he meets a mysterious woman in San Francisco who promises him a ritual for his cure 
Passage 5:
Wale Adebanwi
Wale Adebanwi (born 1969) is a Nigerian-born first Black Rhodes Professor at St Antony's College, Oxford where he was, until June 2021, a Professor of Race Relations, and the Director of the African Studies Centre, School of Interdisciplinary Area Studies, and a Governing Board Fellow  He is currently a Presidential Penn Compact Professor of Africana Studies at the University of Pennsylvania  Adebanwi's research focuses on a range of topics in the areas of social change, nationalism and ethnicity, race relations, identity politics, elites and cultural politics, democratic process, newspaper press and spatial politics in Africa 

Education background
Wale Adebanwi graduated with a first degree in Mass Communication from the University of Lagos, and later earned his M Sc  and Ph D  in Political Science from the University of Ibadan  He also has an MPhil  and a Ph D  in Social Anthropology from the University of Cambridge 

Career
Adebanwi worked as a freelance reporter, writer, journalist and editor for many newspapers and magazines before he joined the University of Ibadan's Department of Political Science as a lecturer and researcher  He was later appointed as an assistant professor in the African American and African Studies Department of the University of California, Davis, USA  He became a full professor at UC Davis in 2016 Adebanwi is the co-editor of Africa: Journal of the International African Institute and the Journal of Contemporary African Studies 

Works
His published works include:
Nation as Grand Narrative: The Nigerian Press and the Politics of Meaning (University of Rochester Press, 2016)
Yoruba Elites and Ethnic Politics in Nigeria: Obafemi Awolowo and Corporate Agency (Cambridge University Press, 2014)
Authority Stealing: Anti-corruption War and Democratic Politics in Post-Military Nigeria (Carolina Academic Press, 2012)In addition, he is the editor and co-editor of other books, including 

The Political Economy of Everyday Life in Africa: Beyond the Margins (James Currey Publishers, 2017)
Writers and Social Thought in Africa (Routledge, 2016)
(co-edited with Ebenezer Obadare) Governance and the Crisis of Rule in Contemporary Africa (Palgrave Macmillan, 2016)
(co-edited with Ebenezer Obadare) Democracy and Prebendalism in Nigeria: Critical Interpretations (Palgrave Macmillan, 2013) 
(co-edited with Ebenezer Obadare) Nigeria at Fifty: The Nation in Narration (Routledge, 2012)
(co-edited with Ebenezer Obadare) Encountering the Nigerian State (Palgrave Macmillan, 2010) 

Awards
Rhodes Professorship in Race Relations awarded by Oxford University to Faculty of African and Interdisciplinary Area Studies 
Passage 6:
Rumbi Katedza
Rumbi Katedza is a Zimbabwean Film Producer and Director who was born on 17 January 1974 

Early life and education
She did her Primary and Secondary Education in Harare, Zimbabwe  Katedza graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in English from McGill University, Canada in 1995  In 2008 Katedza received the Chevening Scholarship that enabled her to further her studies in film  She also holds a MA in Filmmaking from Goldsmiths College, London University 

Work and filmography
Katedza has experience in Film and TV Production, Directing, Writing as well as Producing and presenting Radio shows  From 1994 to 2000, She produced and presented radio shows on Women's issues, Arts and Culture, Hip Hop and Acid Jazz for the CKUT (Montreal) and ZBC Radio 3 (Zimbabwe)  From 2004 - 2006, she served as the Festival Director of the Zimbabwe International Film Festival  Whilst there, she produced the Postcards from Zimbabwe Series  In 2008, Katedza founded Mai Jai Films and has produced numerous films and television productions under the banner namely

Tariro (2008);
Big House, Small House (2009);
The Axe and the Tree (2011);
The Team (2011)
Playing Warriors (2012)Her early works include:

Danai (2002);
Postcards from Zimbabwe (2006);
Trapped (2006 – Rumbi Katedza, Marcus Korhonen);
Asylum (2007);
Insecurity Guard (2007)Rumbi Katedza is a part-time lecturer at the University of Zimbabwe, in the department of Theatre Arts  She is a judge and monitor at the National Arts Merit Awards, responsible for monitoring new film and TV productions throughout the year on behalf of the National Arts Council of Zimbabwe  She has also lobbied Zimbabwean government to actively support the film industry 
Passage 7:
Henry Moore (cricketer)
Henry Walter Moore (1849 – 20 August 1916) was an English-born first-class cricketer who spent most of his life in New Zealand 

Life and family
Henry Moore was born in Cranbrook, Kent, in 1849  He was the son of the Reverend Edward Moore and Lady Harriet Janet Sarah Montagu-Scott, who was one of the daughters of the 4th Duke of Buccleuch  One of his brothers, Arthur, became an admiral and was knighted  Their great 
grandfather was John Moore, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1783 to 1805  One of their sisters was a maid of honour to Queen Victoria Moore went to New Zealand in the 1870s and lived in Geraldine and Christchurch  He married Henrietta Lysaght of Hāwera in November 1879, and they had one son  In May 1884 she died a few days after giving birth to a daughter, who also died In 1886 Moore became a Justice of the Peace in Geraldine  In 1897 he married Alice Fish of Geraldine  They moved to England four years before his death in 1916 

Cricket career
Moore was a right-handed middle-order batsman  In consecutive seasons, 1876–77 and 1877–78, playing for Canterbury, he made the highest score in the short New Zealand first-class season: 76 and 75 respectively  His 76 came in his first match for Canterbury, against Otago  He went to the wicket early on the first day with the score at 7 for 2 and put on 99 for the third wicket with Charles Corfe before he was out with the score at 106 for 3 after a "very fine exhibition of free hitting, combined with good defence"  Canterbury were all out for 133, but went on to win the match  His 75 came in the next season's match against Otago, when he took the score from 22 for 2 to 136 for 6  The New Zealand cricket historian Tom Reese said, "Right from the beginning he smote the bowling hip and thigh, going out of his ground to indulge in some forceful driving " Canterbury won again Moore led the batting averages in the Canterbury Cricket Association in 1877–78 with 379 runs at an average of 34 4  Also in 1877–78, he was a member of the Canterbury team that inflicted the only defeat on the touring Australians  In 1896–97, at the age of 47, he top-scored in each innings for a South Canterbury XVIII against the touring Queensland cricket team 
Passage 8:
South of the Clouds (2004 film)
South of the Clouds is a 2004 Chinese film and the second film directed by the writer Zhu Wen  The film stands in stark contrast to Zhu's previous film  In terms of production, South of the Clouds received the cooperation of the state apparatus unlike 2001's Seafood which was an underground production shot on digital hand-held cameras  In terms of story, the transgressive tale of a prostitute and a policeman in Seafood is a far cry from South of the Cloud's gentle tale of a retiree who fulfills a lifelong desire to travel to the southern province of Yunnan (literally "South of the Clouds") 
South of the Clouds stars Li Xuejian as the protagonist, Xu Daqin, and features a cameo by director Tian Zhuangzhuang as the police chief in a small town in Yunnan  It was produced by China Film Assist, an independent production company in China; South of the Clouds was the company's first production 

Background
South of the Clouds was, at heart, an attempt by Zhu Wen to capture the image and beauty of Yunnan that he had experienced upon his first visit to the province  Beyond that, however, the film was an opportunity for Zhu to present his work to his home country  Following the completion of Seafood, Zhu "wanted to make something that [he] could show to [his] parents and   friends in China  Unlike Seafood, South of the Clouds did not encounter any issues with the state censors, in part because the film strictly followed all the relevant regulations 

Awards and nominations
South of the Clouds like many Chinese art films was screened at numerous film festivals around the world  It succeeded in winning a FIPRESCI prize and the Firebird Award for New Cinema at the 28th Hong Kong International Film Festival  The film also won a NETPAC award at the Berlin International Film Festival in 2004 

See also
Mosuo - a matriarchal ethnic enclave in Yunnan, featured prominently in the film 
Passage 9:
Yeşim Ustaoğlu
Yeşim Ustaoğlu (born 18 November 1960) is a Turkish filmmaker and screenwriter 

Life and career
Ustaoğlu was born in Kars, Sarıkamış and grew up in Trabzon on the Black Sea  After studying architecture at Karadeniz Technical University she moved to Istanbul, attended master's programme in Yıldız Technical University, she worked as an architect, then as a journalist and a film critic  Before she made her feature film debut The Trace (İz) in 1994, she had made several award-winning short films  The Trace was entered into the 19th Moscow International Film Festival Ustaoğlu received international recognition for her next film, Journey to the Sun (Güneşe Yolculuk), which told a story of a friendship between a Turk and a Kurd  Her fourth film Pandora's Box (Pandora'nın Kutusu) won The Best Film and The Best Actress award in San Sebastian Film Festival and is Ustaoğlu's biggest international success to date 

Filmography
Passage 10:
Tombstone Rashomon
Tombstone Rashomon is a 2017 Western film directed by Alex Cox and starring Adam Newberry and Eric Schumacher  It tells the story of the Gunfight at the O K  Corral in Tombstone, Arizona Territory, from multiple differing perspectives in the style of Akira Kurosawa's 1950 film Rashomon 

Plot synopsis
A film crew travels back in time to film the Gunfight at the O K  Corral  They arrive after the gunfight, however, and can only interview those involved  They interview Wyatt Earp, Doc Holliday, Kate, Ike Clanton, Colonel Roderick Hafford, and Johnny Behan, each of whom has a different take on the events 

Cast
Production
As with his previous film Bill, the Galactic Hero (2014), Alex Cox used crowdfunding to finance the production of the film  This time he used an Indiegogo campaign In an interview with IndieWire, Cox stated, "I was thinking it would be a conventional western, but Rudy (Wurlitzer) wants to give it a science fiction angle — from the perspective of time-traveling women historians from the future  They’ll time-travel back in time to film at the OK Corral, but they get the day wrong and they miss it by a day, so they have to interview the survivors " Wurlitzer was involved in early stages, but not credited as a writer on the final film, the screenplay is solely credited to Cox In an interview with The Huffington Post, Cox stated that he had originally planned to film in Boulder, Colorado, but then decided to shoot in Tucson instead Filming took place at the Old Tucson Studios west of Tucson  In an interview with Tucson Weekly, Cox stated that the producers of Snowden matched the funds already accumulated, helping Cox to complete the film 

Release
The film screened as a work in progress at the Ashland Independent Film Festival at 6:40 p m  on Saturday, April 8, 2017, at the Cinedelphia Film Festival at 7:00 p m  on April 15, 2017, and at the Loft Film Fest on May 27, 2017 



ground_truth: Tombstone Rashomon