prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Where did Catherine Of Taranto, Countess Of Copertino's mother die?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Catherine of Bosnia, Grand Princess of Hum
Catherine of Bosnia (Serbo-Croatian: Katarina Kotromanić / Катарина Котроманић; 1294–1355) was daughter of Stephen I, Ban of Bosnia and sister of Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia 
She was daughter of Stephen I, Ban of Bosnia and his wife Elizabeth of Syrmia  She was born in 1294, in Srebrenik  She had six siblings, five brothers, Stephen II, Vladislav, Ninoslav, Miroslav and unknown brother, and a sister named Mary  In autumn 1314 she was in exile with family in Dubrovnik  Catherine will marry prince Nikola of Hum sometime before 1338  Nikola was knyaz from Hum 1322, which Stephen II, brother of Catherine, at the time Ban of Bosnia, annexed to his realm  After the annexation, Ban granted Nikola positions in župas in Bosansko Primorje, at the southern edge of the realm, region between the Neretva Delta and Ragusa, bestowing him with the right to rule most of the Popovo  He is ruled this župa as long as he lived  Catherine and Nikola had two sons:

Vladislav Nikolić
Bogiša NikolićCatherine died in 1355 in Bribir 
Passage 2:
Catherine of Austria, Lady of Coucy
Catherine of Austria (German: Katharina von Habsburg; French: Catherine d'Autriche; 9 February 1320 – 28 September 1349) was the daughter of the Habsburg Duke Leopold I of Austria and the wife successively of the French nobleman Enguerrand VI, Lord of Coucy and the German Konrad von Hardeck, Burgrave of Magdeburg 

Early life and family
Catherine was the oldest of two daughters born to Leopold I, Duke of Austria and his wife Catherine of Savoy  Her younger sister was Agnes of Austria, who married Bolko II the Small, Duke of Świdnica  On their father's side, the two were granddaughters of Albert I of Germany, while their maternal grandparents were Amadeus V, Count of Savoy and his second wife Maria of Brabant Her father died when Catherine was 6 years of age, and she and 4-year-old Agnes were placed under the guardianship of their paternal uncles, Frederick the Fair and Albert II, Duke of Austria 

Marriages
At the age of 18, Catherine married her first husband Enguerrand VI, Lord of Coucy, a French nobleman  The marriage contract was signed at Vincennes on 25 November 1338  The marriage produced one son, Enguerrand  The couple were married for eight years when in 1346, Enguerrand VI was killed in one of a series of battles which ended with the Battle of Crécy on 26 August 1346, as part of the Hundred Years' War between France and England  Their son Enguerrand succeeded his father as Lord of Coucy, and he later married Isabella, eldest daughter of King Edward III of England 
Catherine remarried nearly two years after her first husband's death in February 1348 to Konrad, Burgrave of Magdeburg  The couple were married for just over a year when Konrad succumbed to the Black Death on 25 September 1349, Catherine herself dying three days later; she was buried at Königsfelden  She was outlived by her son Enguerrand 
Passage 3:
Catherine of Taranto, Countess of Copertino
Catherine of Taranto (sometimes Caterina d'Enghien Orsini del Balzo) was the daughter of Mary of Enghien and Raimondo Orsini del Balzo di Nola and sister of Giovanni Antonio Orsini del Balzo 
She married the knight Tristan de Clermont (1380 – c  1432), a member of the French family of Clermont-Lodève, who became Count of Copertino as part of her dowry 
She and Tristan had two daughters: 

Isabella of Clermont (c  1424 – 30 March 1465), who became Queen of Naples and Jerusalem by marriage to Ferdinand I of Naples, illegitimate son of King Alfonso V of Aragon 
Sancia di Chiaromonte (died 30 March 1468), Countess of Copertino and Lady of Nardò  In 1436 she married Francesco II del Balzo (1410–1482), 3rd Duke of Andria, who became Count of Copertino as part of her dowry 
Passage 4:
Joan of Taranto
Joan of Taranto (died March 1323) was Queen of Armenia by marriage to Oshin, King of Armenia  As daughter of Philip I, Prince of Taranto, she was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou 

Life
Joan was daughter of Philip I, Prince of Taranto, and his first wife Thamar Angelina Komnene Joan's parents did not have a good relationship: Philip suspected Thamar of acting in her family's interests over his during the two-year conflict that raged between the Capetian House of Anjou and Epirus, despite the fact that she had pawned the remainder of her jewellery to help him pay for the military effort  Distrustful of Thamar, Philip decided to divorce her and in 1309 accused her of having committed adultery  She was forced into confessing that she had had sexual relationships with at least forty of the lords of his court, and that she had formed a particular relationship with Bartolomeo Siginulfo, the Grand Chamberlain of Taranto  Thamar became an outcast, probably never seeing her children again, she either became a nun or was imprisoned by Philip  In either case she died not long afterwards in 1311 
Shortly following her mother's death, Joan acquired a stepmother in Catherine of Valois, who Philip married in July 1313  From this marriage Joan acquired five half-siblings, including Philip II, Prince of Taranto 

Queen
In February 1316, Joan married her first husband, Oshin, King of Armenia  Joan was Oshin's third wife, from his first marriage he had had a son Leo  From this marriage she adopted the name Eirene  The couple were only married for four years 
Upon his death, on 20 July 1320, Oshin was succeeded by his minor son Leo (sometimes referred to as Leo V)  It was believed that Oshin was poisoned 
Soon after Oshin's death, his cousin Oshin of Korikos became regent  He wished to make himself and his family more secure in Armenia  Steps were taken to make this happen; Oshin married Joan, who was forced into the marriage  Oshin married his daughter Alice off to Joan's stepson Leo  Oshin was also probably responsible for the deaths of King Oshin's sister Isabella and two of her sons, in order to remove rival claimants 
Joan died in March 1323, she was outlived by her ill-fated second husband 
Six years after Joan's death, Leo reached majority, he took revenge on his regent  Joan's husband and brother-in-law Constantine, Constable of Armenia and Lord of Lampron, and Leo's wife Alice were all murdered on the king's orders, the head of Oshin being sent to the Ilkhan and of Constantine to Al-Nasr Muhammad 

Issue
In her first marriage she had one child:

George (1317 – after 1323), died youngOshin and Joan had one daughter:

Maria who consecutively married two Armenian Kings of Cilicia, Constantine V and Constantine VI  She had issue 
Passage 5:
Catherine of Cleves (1417–1479)
Catherine of Cleves (25 May 1417 – 10 February 1479) was Duchess of Guelders by marriage to Arnold, Duke of Guelders  She acted as regent of Guelders during the absence of her spouse in 1450  The Hours of Catherine of Cleves was commissioned for her 

Life
Catherine was the daughter of Adolph I, Duke of Cleves and Marie of Burgundy  She was a niece of Philip the Good 

Duchess and regent
Catherine lived with her parents until 1431, despite already having been married the year before  She had close ties with Philip of Burgundy, who was mistrusted by her husband  Catherine had her daughter Mary raised at the Burgundian court  When her husband punished Driel, he lost support in his duchy  Catherine acted as intermediate between her husband and the Estates of the realm  In 1450, Duke Arnold went on a pilgrimage to Rome and Palestine  During his absence, Catherine acted as regent She supported her son Adolf when he took over power from his father  Charles, Duke of Burgundy had Adolf taken capture in 1470, when he proved an unreliable ally to Burgundy  Catherine spent her last years in Lobith, where she died in 1476 

Book of Hours
The Hours of Catherine of Cleves was commissioned for her when she married Arnold, Duke of Guelders, on 26 January 1430  It shows her lineage, as well as herself in prayer  The hours had been lost for four hundred years before resurfacing in 1856  It is one of the most richly decorated books of its kind that is preserved 

Issue
Catherine and Arnold had:

Mary (c  1431–1463), who became Queen of Scotland by marriage to James II
William (born c  1434), died young
Margaret (c  1436–1486, Simmern), married on 16 August 1454 to Frederick I, Count of Palatine-Simmern 
Adolf (1438–1477)
Catherine (1439 – 1496), Regent of Guelders in 1477–1481 

Ancestry
Passage 6:
Catherine of Valois–Courtenay
Catherine II, also Catherine of Valois or Catherine of Taranto (before 15 April 1303 – October 1346), was the recognised Latin Empress of Constantinople from 1307–1346, although she lived in exile and only had authority over Crusader States in Greece  She was Princess consort of Achaea and Taranto, and also regent of Achaea from 1332–1341, and Governor of Cephalonia from 1341–1346 

Life
She was born in 1303, sometime before 15 April, the eldest daughter of Charles, count of Valois, and Catherine I Her mother was recognized as Empress of the Latin Empire of Constantinople by the Latin states in Greece, despite the city having been captured by the Empire of Nicaea in 1261  Catherine inherited her claims as the titular Empress on 11 October 1307  She was still a child and remained in the custody of her father, who managed her claims to the empire until his death in 1325 
An early betrothal to Hugh of Burgundy, made on 15 April 1303 when she was an infant, was renounced in 1312 

Naples
In July 1313, Catherine married Philip I of Taranto, King of Albania and Prince of Achaea, who was the younger brother of Robert, King of Naples  She associated her husband as titular Emperor (Philip II), and retained the claim to the empire after his death on 23 December 1332  Robert, his eldest surviving son, succeeded him as Prince of Taranto in 1331  Catherine became influential at the court of Naples 
Her court was more worldly than the pious court of King Robert and his pious wife, Sancha of Majorca  During the reign of her niece, Joanna I of Naples, she opposed the marriage of Joan's younger sister, Maria of Calabria, to Charles, Duke of Durazzo  This was because Maria was heir presumptive to the throne of Naples, and the Durazzos were rivals to her own family  She and her family were compensated with a cash settlement from the royal treasury 

Achaea
In 1333, her son Robert received the Principality of Achaea through an agreement with his uncle, John of Gravina  However, the thirteen-year-old boy was deemed too young to reign alone, and his mother became his co-ruler for the rest of her life  Initially ruling through appointed baillis, in summer 1338 Catherine mustered a fleet and took her whole household to Achaea, where she took an active part in its government   She gave refuge to Nikephoros II Orsini of Epirus, and supported him in his attempt to assert himself in his land against the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos 

Final Years
Her presence in Achaea was no longer needed by the time Robert reached adulthood in 1341  She became Governor of Cephalonia and spent the last five years of her life in this responsibility  After the murder of Joan's husband, Andrew of Hungary, Joan sought a new husband amongst her Taranto cousins  Catherine supported her younger son, Louis of Taranto, against her older son, Robert  She sheltered Charles of Artois, a bastard son of Robert the Wise, and his son Bertrand, who were both suspected of complicity  When asked to give them up, she refused and stated she would punish them herself if they were guilty 
She died in Naples in October 1346  Queen Joan organized her funeral at the church of San Domenico 

Issue
By Philip I of Taranto, Catherine II had four children:

Margaret (c  1325–1380), married Francis of Baux, Duke of Andria  By Francis, she was the mother of James of Baux, Prince of Achaea and titular Emperor of Constantinople 
Robert (1326–1364), Prince of Taranto, titular Emperor of Constantinople (as Robert II) 
Louis (1327/28–1362), Prince of Taranto and King of Naples by right of his wife 
Philip II (1329–1374), Prince of Taranto and Achaea, titular Emperor of Constantinople (as Philip III) 

Ancestry
Notes
Passage 7:
Isabella of Clermont
Isabella of Clermont (c  1424 – 30 March 1465), also known as Isabella of Taranto, was queen of Naples as the first wife of King Ferdinand I of Naples, and a feudatory of the kingdom as the holder and ruling Princess of the Principality of Taranto in 1463–1465 

Life
Born on January 1424 in Copertino (in southern Apulia), Isabella was the elder daughter of Tristan de Clermont, Count of Copertino, and Caterina Orsini Del Balzo  She was also the niece and heir of childless Giovanni Antonio Orsini del Balzo, Prince of Taranto  Her maternal grandmother, Mary of Enghien, was queen consort of Naples from 1406 until 1414 
On 30 May 1444/1445, Isabella married Ferdinand of Aragon, then Duke of Calabria (1423–1494), natural son of Alfonso V of Aragon who had recently conquered the Neapolitan kingdom from French Angevins, and thus was the new liege lord of Isabella and her family  Alfonso arranged this marriage in order to give a good future to his favorite bastard son, by giving him his own principality by marriage  Also, Alfonso wanted his loyal people (such as his own son) to have feudal fiefs in his new kingdom, which would happen in the future as soon as Ferdinand and Isabella succeeded in Taranto  The marriage also strengthened the king's grip on the current lords of Taranto 
On 27 June 1458 Isabella's husband became, by the will of his father, king of Naples  Isabella became queen  They no longer wanted to make Taranto their principal holding, but it was still a strong possession, and in 1463 Isabella succeeded her uncle Giovanni Antonio as princess of Taranto 
Queen Isabella died on 30 March 1465, and was buried in San Pietro Martire  Her heir was her eldest son, the future King Alfonso II of Naples 

Issue
Isabella had six children with Ferdinand:

Alfonso II of Naples (4 November 1448 – 18 December 1495)
Eleanor of Naples (22 June 1450 – 11 October 1493), duchess of Bari and Ferrara
Frederick IV of Naples (19 April 1452 – 9 November 1504)
John of Naples (25 June 1456 – 17 October 1485), archbishop of Taranto and then cardinal
Beatrice of Naples (14 September/16 November 1457 – 23 September 1508), queen of Hungary
Francis of Naples, Duke of Sant Angelo (16 December 1461 – 26 October 1486)
Passage 8:
Mary of Enghien
Mary of Enghien, also known as Maria d'Enghien (1367 or 1370 – 9 May 1446), was Countess of Lecce from 1384 to 1446 and Queen of Naples and titular Queen of Sicily, Jerusalem and Hungary from 1406 to 1414 by marriage to Ladislaus of Naples 

Biography
Early life
Probably born in Lecce, she was the daughter of John of Enghien, Count of Castro, and Sancia Del Balzo  Her father was the third son of Isabella of Brienne (who died in 1360) and her husband, Walter of Enghien (who died in 1345) 
Her paternal grandmother Isabella survived her brother Walter VI of Brienne, titular Duke of Athens etc , who died without issue at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356  As his heir, she became Countess of Lecce and Brienne etc  and titular Duchess of Athens  As her eldest son, Walter, had died before her brother, her second son, Sohier of Enghien, became her heir  She allowed her inherited lands to be divided among her numerous children during her lifetime  Mary's father, the third (but second surviving) son, had received the County of Lecce and the Lordship of Castro 

Countess of Lecce
Mary's father, John, died in 1380, leaving minor children  Mary's brother Peter of Enghien, also known as Pyrrhus (Pyrro or Pirro), became Count of Lecce  However, Peter died childless in 1384 and was succeeded by Mary and her husband, Raimondo del Balzo Orsini di Nola, whom she married in Taranto the same year 
Chroniclers describe her as beautiful, fearless and adventurous: adored by her children, loved by her first husband, besieged by King Ladislaus of Naples and treated cruelly by the king's sister 
She stayed in her castles of Lecce and Copertino when Raimondo travelled and served the king against the papal troops and the supporters of the junior Angevin line  She was occupied by her children, Marias, Caterina, Giovanni Antonio and Gabriele 
Raimondo became Prince of Taranto (in her hereditary rights) and died in 1406 

Queen of Naples
After her husband's death, she was besieged in Taranto (1406) and resisted the troops of Ladislaus until he decided to propose to her  Thus forced to marry Ladislaus, the wedding took place in the chapel of the Castle of Taranto  Her second marriage remained childless  Ladislaus died on 6 August 1414; his sister and successor, Joanna II of Naples, described as cruel, hated Mary and imprisoned her  However, Joanna's husband, James II, Count of La Marche, soon allowed her to leave   She returned to Lecce after Joanna had expelled her and her children from the royal estates to Tarentine lands 
Mary lived a long life and died in Lecce at the age of 78  In 1444 she witnessed the marriage of her granddaughter Isabella of Clermont, daughter of Tristan and Catherine and heiress to considerable feudal estates in Southern Italy, to Ferdinand of Aragon  He was the illegitimate son of King Alfonso V of Aragon, who had conquered Southern Italy in 1441 

Children
Her children were:

Maria del Balzo Orsini (died after 1410), married Antonio di Acquaviva, Duke of Atri, etc  Childless 
Caterina del Balzo Orsini, also known as Catherine of Taranto  Married to Bartholomew Tristan of Clermont (Bartolomeo Tristano di Chiaramonte or Chiaromonte), a knight of the French de Clermont-Lodeve family  Tristan became Count of Capertino with his wife's dowry (the Catherine del Balzo Orsini, who lived almost at the same time and married Giulio Antonio di Aragona di Acquaviva, Duke of Atri, etc , bringing him the dowry of Casamassima and Conversano, was apparently not this Catherine but a relative, perhaps the daughter of Giovanni Antonio or the daughter of Gabriel, Duke of Venosa) 
Giovanni Antonio del Balzo Orsini, John, Prince of Taranto  Died childless in 1463, when his niece Isabella brought the fiefs to her husband King Ferrante 
(possibly natural son of her husband) Gabriele del Balzo Orsini (d  1453), Count of Ugento, etc , Duke of Venosa  Married Giovanna Caracciolo del Sole dei Duchi di Melfi 
Passage 9:
Euphrosina Heldina von Dieffenau
Euphrosina Heldina von Dieffenau, or Heldin (died 1636), was a Swedish courtier 
Originally from Germany, she became courtier to Catherine of Sweden, Countess Palatine of Kleeburg in 1590  After the death of Catherine's  mother, Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern, she became the lady-in-waiting, nurse and in practice foster mother of Catherine  She were the confidant of Catherine and the two of them had a close relationship for the rest of their life, sometimes by letters, which are preserved  She married a German officer in Swedish service, but remained in the service of Catherine also after Catherine's marriage as her Mistress of the Robes  She was described as educated and seen as a role model for female nobles in this regard, could speak Latin and was given the task to practice reading and prayer with the heir to the throne, Gustav II Adolf of Sweden, and converse with foreign ambassadors 
Passage 10:
Where Was I
"Where Was I?" may refer to:

Books
"Where Was I?", essay by David Hawley Sanford from The Mind's I
Where Was I?, book by John Haycraft 2006
Where was I?!, book by Terry Wogan 2009

Film and TV
Where Was I? (film), 1925 film directed by William A  Seiter  With Reginald Denny, Marian Nixon, Pauline Garon, Lee Moran 
Where Was I? (2001 film), biography about songwriter Tim Rose
Where Was I? (TV series) 1952–1953 Quiz show with the panelists attempting to guess a location by looking at photos
"Where Was I?" episode of Shoestring (TV series) 1980

Music
"Where was I", song by W  Franke Harling and Al Dubin performed by Ruby Newman and His Orchestra  with vocal chorus by  Larry Taylor and Peggy McCall  1939
"Where Was I", single from Charley Pride discography 1988
"Where Was I" (song), a 1994 song by Ricky Van Shelton
"Where Was I (Donde Estuve Yo)", song by Joe Pass from Simplicity (Joe Pass album)
"Where Was I?", song by Guttermouth from The Album Formerly Known as a Full Length LP (Guttermouth album)
"Where Was I", song by Sawyer Brown (Billy Maddox, Paul Thorn, Anne Graham) from Can You Hear Me Now 2002
"Where Was I?", song  by  Kenny Wayne Shepherd from Live On  1999
"Where Was I", song by Melanie Laine (Victoria Banks, Steve Fox) from Time Flies (Melanie Laine album)
"Where Was I", song by Rosie Thomas from With Love (Rosie Thomas album)



ground_truth: Lecce

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Who is the paternal grandmother of King Kang Of Zhou?

The following are given passages.
Context 2: Passage 1:
Duke Ding of Qi
Duke Ding of Qi (Chinese: 齊丁公; pinyin: Qí Dīng Gōng; reigned c  10th century BC) was the second recorded ruler of the ancient Chinese state of Qi during the Western Zhou Dynasty   His personal name was Lü Ji (呂伋) and ancestral name was Jiang (姜) According to classical Chinese texts such as the Records of the Grand Historian and Zuo Zhuan, Duke Ding succeeded his father Lü Shang, Duke Tai of Qi, who was said to have been a centenarian   Duke Ding supposedly served King Kang of Zhou along with other major vassal state rulers including Xiong Yi, viscount of Chu, Count Kang of Wey (衞康伯), Xie, Marquis of Jin and Boqin, Duke of Lu   However, most modern historians believe Duke Ding was in fact the fifth-generation descendant of Duke Tai, and he could not have served King Kang of Zhou After Duke Ding died, he was succeeded by his son Duke Yǐ of Qi 

Family
Wives:

The mother of Crown Prince Dexing and Prince DeSons:

Prince Heng (公子衡), the progenitor of the Nie (聶) lineage
Served as the Minister of War of Wey
Fourth son, Crown Prince Dexing (世子德興), the progenitor of the Cui lineage and the father of Count Mu of Cui (崔穆伯)
Prince De (公子得; d  933 BC), ruled as Duke Yǐ of Qi from 974–933 BC
A son who ruled as the Count of Yi (懿)

Ancestry
Passage 2:
Tjuyu
Thuya (sometimes transliterated as Touiyou, Thuiu, Tuya, Tjuyu or Thuyu) was an Egyptian noblewoman and the mother of queen Tiye, and the wife of Yuya  She is the grandmother of Akhenaten, and great grandmother of Tutankhamun 

Biography
Thuya is believed to be a descendant of Queen Ahmose-Nefertari, and she held many official roles in the interwoven religion and government of ancient Egypt  She was involved in many religious cults; her titles included 'Singer of Hathor' and 'Chief of the Entertainers' of both Amun and Min  She also held the influential offices of Superintendent of the Harem of the god Min of Akhmin and of Amun of Thebes   She married Yuya, a powerful ancient Egyptian courtier of the Eighteenth Dynasty   She is believed to have died in around 1375 BC in her early to mid 50s 

Children
Yuya and Thuya had a daughter named Tiye, who became the Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Amenhotep III  The great royal wife was the highest Egyptian religious position, serving alongside of the pharaoh in official ceremonies and rituals 
Yuya and Thuya also had a son named Anen, who carried the titles Chancellor of Lower Egypt, Second Prophet of Amun, sm-priest of Heliopolis and Divine Father They also may have been the parents of Ay, an Egyptian courtier active during the reign of pharaoh Akhenaten who became pharaoh after the death of Tutankhamun  However, there is no conclusive evidence regarding the kinship of Yuya and Ay, although certainly, both men came from Akhmim 

Tomb
Thuya was interred in tomb KV46 in the Valley of the Kings, together with her husband Yuya, where their largely intact burial was found in 1905  It was the best-preserved tomb discovered in the Valley before that of Tutankhamun, Thuya's great-grandson  The tomb was discovered by a team of workmen led by archaeologist James Quibell on behalf of the American millionaire Theodore M  Davis  Though the tomb had been robbed in antiquity, much of its contents were still present, including beds, boxes, chests, a chariot, and the sarcophagi, coffins, and mummies of the two occupants Thuya's large gilded and black-painted wooden sarcophagus was placed against the south wall of the tomb  It is rectangular, with a lid shaped like the sloping roof of the per-wer shrine of Upper Egypt, and sits on ornamental sledge runners, their non-functionality underscored by the three battens attached below them  Ancient robbers had partially dismantled it to access her coffins and mummy, placing its lid and one long side on a bed on the other side of the tomb; the other long side had been leaned against the south wall  Her outer gilded anthropoid coffin had been removed, its lid placed atop the beds, and the trough put into the far corner of the tomb; the lid of her second (innermost) coffin, also gilded, had been removed and placed to one side although the trough and her mummy remained inside the sarcophagus  Quibell suggests this is due to the robbers having some difficulty in removing the lid of this coffin 

Mummy
Thuya's mummified body was found covered with a large sheet of linen, knotted at the back and secured by four bandages  These bands were covered with resin and opposite each band were her gilded titles cut from gold foil  The resin coating on the lower layers of bandages preserved the impression of a large broad collar  The mummy bands that had once covered her wrapped mummy were recovered above the storage jars on the far side of the room The first examination of her body was conducted by Australian anatomist Grafton Elliot Smith  He found her to be an elderly woman of small stature, 1 495 metres (4 90 ft) in height, with white hair  Both of her earlobes had two piercings  Her arms are straight at her sides with her hands against the outside of her thighs  Her embalming incision is stitched with thread, to which a carnelian barrel bead is attached at the lower end; her body cavity is stuffed with resin-soaked linen  When Dr  Douglas Derry, (who later conducted the first examination of Tutankhamun's mummy) assisting Smith in his examination, exposed Thuya's feet to get an accurate measurement of her height, he found her to be wearing gold foil sandals  Smith estimated her age at more than 50 years based on her outward appearance alone  Recent CT scanning has estimated her age at death to be 50–60 years old  Her brain was removed, though no embalming material was inserted, and both nostrils were stuffed with linen  Embalming packs had been placed into her eye sockets, and subcutaneous filling had been placed into her mid and lower face to restore a lifelike appearance; embalming material had also been placed into her mouth and throat  Her teeth were in poor condition at the time of her death, with missing molars  Heavy wear and abscesses had been noted in earlier x-rays  The scan revealed that she had severe scoliosis with a Cobb angle of 25 degrees  No cause of death could be determined  Her mummy has the inventory number CG 51191 

Archaeological items pertaining to Thuya
Passage 3:
King Cheng of Zhou
King Cheng of Zhou (Chinese: 周成王; pinyin: Zhōu Chéng Wáng; Wade–Giles: Chou1 Ch‘êng2 Wang2), personal name Ji Song (姬誦), was the second king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty  The dates of his reign are 1042–1021 BCE or 1042/35–1006 BCE  His parents were King Wu of Zhou and Queen Yi Jiang (邑姜) King Cheng was young when he ascended the throne  His uncle, Duke of Zhou, fearing that Shang forces might rise again under the possible weak rule of a young ruler, became the regent and supervised government affairs for several years  Duke of Zhou established the eastern capital at Luoyang, and later defeated a rebellion by Cheng's uncles Cai Shu, Guan Shu and Huo Shu King Cheng later stabilized the Zhou dynasty's border by defeating several barbarian tribes along with the Duke of Zhou 

Family
Queens:

Wang Si, of the Si clan (王姒 姒姓), the mother of Crown Prince ZhaoSons:

Crown Prince Zhao (太子釗; 1040–996 BC), ruled as King Kang of Zhou from 1020 to 996 BC

Ancestry
See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors
Passage 4:
King Kang of Zhou
King Kang of Zhou, personal name Ji Zhao, was the third sovereign of the Chinese Zhou Dynasty and son of King Cheng of Zhou  The dates of his reign are 1020–996 BC or 1005–978 BC King Kang followed his father's policy and expanded the Zhou territory in the North and in the West  He also repressed a rebellion in the east  Life prospered in the Zhou Dynasty under Kang’s rule 
His was succeeded by his son King Zhao of Zhou 

Family
Queens:

Wang Jiang, of the Jiang clan (王姜 姜姓), the mother of Crown Prince XiaSons:

Crown Prince Xia (太子瑕; 1027–977 BC), ruled as King Zhao of Zhou from 995–977 BC

Ancestry
See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors
Passage 5:
King Ding of Zhou
King Ding of Zhou (Chinese: 周定王; pinyin: Zhōu Dìng Wáng), personal name Ji Yu, was the twenty-first king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty and the ninth of Eastern Zhou  He was a son of King Qing of Zhou and brother of King Kuang of Zhou He sent an official named Wangsun Man to present gifts to the Chu army  He met Prince Zhuang 

Family
Spouse:

Queen Ding of Zhou, of the Jiang clan of Qi (周定後 姜姓), possibly a daughter of Duke Hui of Qi; married in 603 BCSons:

Prince Yi (王子夷; d  572 BC), ruled as King Jian of Zhou from 585–572 BC

Ancestry
See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors


== Sources ==
Passage 6:
Hubba bint Hulail
Hubba bint Hulail (Arabic: حبة بنت هليل) was the grandmother of Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf, thus the great-great-great-grandmother of the Islamic prophet Muhammad 

Biography
Hubbah was the daughter of Hulail ibn Hubshiyyah ibn Salul ibn Ka’b ibn Amr al-Khuza’i of Banu Khuza'a who was the trustee and guardian of the Ka‘bah (Arabic: كَـعْـبَـة, 'Cube')  She married Qusai ibn Kilab and after her father died, the keys of the Kaaba were committed to her  Qusai, according to Hulail's will, had the trusteeship of the Kaaba after him 
Hubbah never gave up ambitious hopes for the line of her favourite son Abd Manaf  Her two favourite grandsons were the twin sons Amr and Abd Shams, of ‘Ātikah bint Murrah  Hubbah hoped that the opportunities missed by Abd Manaf would be made up for in these grandsons, especially Amr, who seemed much more suitable for the role than any of the sons of Abd al-Dar  He was dear to the ‘ayn (Arabic: عـيـن, eye) of his grandmother Hubbah 

Family
Qusai ibn Kilab had four sons by Hubbah: Abd-al-Dar ibn Qusai dedicated to his house, Abdu’l Qusayy dedicated to himself, Abd-al-Uzza ibn Qusai to his goddess (Al-‘Uzzá) and Abd Manaf ibn Qusai to the idol revered by Hubbah  They also had two daughters, Takhmur and Barrah  Abd Manaf's real name was 'Mughirah', and he also had the nickname 'al-Qamar' (the Moon) because he was handsome 
Hubbah was related to Muhammad in more than one way  Firstly, she was the great-great-grandmother of his father Abdullah  She was also the great-grandmother of Umm Habib and Abdul-Uzza, respectively the maternal grandmother and grandfather of Muhammad's mother Aminah 

Family tree
* indicates that the marriage order is disputed
Note that direct lineage is marked in bold 

See also
Family tree of Muhammad
List of notable Hijazis
Passage 7:
Duke of Shao
Shi, Duke of Shao (died c  1000 BCE), born Ji Shi, posthumous name Kang (康), also known as Lord of Shao or Duke of Shao, Duke Kang of Shao, and Grand Protector Shi, was a high-ranking minister of the early Zhou dynasty  He was a member of the royal clan  After King Wu of Zhou's death, Lord Shao supported the Duke of Zhou in his regency and helped suppress the Rebellion of the Three Guards  He remained a major figure at court for decades 

Royal kin
The earliest biography of Lord Shao, in Sima Qian's Records of the Grand Historian, states merely that he was a member of same ancestral temple kinship group as the house of Zhou  Wang Chong's Lunheng calls him the elder brother of the Duke of Zhou  Huangfu Mi states Lord Shao was the son of King Wen of Zhou by a concubine  Modern scholarship has not significantly modified this view  Edward Shaughnessy called Lord Shao half-brother to the Duke of Zhou in a 1989 paper  Maria Khayutina, writing in 2015, reads the Gu Ming (顧命) chapter of the Shangshu as ordering the lineages who visit the ailing King Cheng of Zhou by their seniority rank within the Ji ancestral temple  With Shao in the first position, prior to the lineages founded by the sons of King Wen she reasons this lineage was founded earlier 

Early career
For his role in the Zhou conquest of Shang, King Wu created Lord Shao the regional lord of Yan, but he never went to his lands, sending a son to mind them in his stead  Lord Shao was also appointed as the Grand Protector (太保), one of the Three Ducal Ministers, the highest ministerial positions in the capital  The Duke of Zhou was another 
Two years after the conquest, before Zhou power had been completely consolidated, King Wu was dead  His son was considered too young to be fit to rule, and the Duke of Zhou unilaterally took power  The preceding Shang dynasty had handled succession by distributed agnatic seniority, a pattern which followed would have put the Duke of Zhou next in line for the throne  An illegally excavated manuscript version of a chapter of Shangshu, part of the Tsinghua bamboo slips, allows for the reading that the Duke of Zhou had performed a sacrifice to the ancestral spirits to divine whether he was their chosen successor to the ailing King Wu  The traditional reading interprets this passage to indicate the Duke of Zhou offering his life if the king's could be spared  In both readings, this ceremony is suggested by the other two Ducal Ministers Traditionally, the Duke of Zhou is considered to have assumed regency rather than kingship  In any case, the son of the vanquished Shang king and affiliated groups, possibly aided by Zhou royal brothers, took the opportunity to rebel in an action called the Rebellion of the Three Guards  Lord Shao allied with the Duke of Zhou, and after three years the rebellion was suppressed 

Sharing power
With the violence quelled, King Wu's son, now three years less young, along with the victorious Lord Shao and Duke of Zhou, entered into a triple alliance, sharing power delicately between them  Lord Shao was given power over the lands to the west of the twin capitals Feng and Hao, on the Wei river in present day Xi'an, Shaanxi  This included his lineage's power base near the predynastic Zhou capital of Xishan; the Duke of Zhou was given control over the lands to the east   It was during this timeframe Lord Shao went to survey the site of the new capital city Luoyi (present day Luoyang, Henan), which would control both the strategic ford which had facilitated the Zhou conquest in the first place, as well as the pass through the mountains to the Zhou homeland  The portents were also auspicious, and Lord Shao had rammed earth city wall constructed in a month's time Multiple episodes carried by the Shangshu relate to this period of time, and two in particular relate to each other and the power struggle at court  Jun Shi (君奭), a piece of persuasive writing from the Duke of Zhou to Lord Shao is one, and the other is Shao Gao (召誥), mostly by Lord Shao 
The language is archaic, and admits multiple readings  The traditional reading takes into account a cryptic statement that Lord Shao was unhappy at court to read Jun Shi as a plea from Lord Shao to remain in his position and help coadminister government affairs until the new king is ready  Shao Gao is then read as an exhortation to the new king to do a good job An alternative reading pits the two chapters against one another, with Lord Shao highlighting how the Mandate of Heaven flows only to the eldest son, and the Duke of Zhou calling upon a panoply of worthy ministers of yore to support his platform of how crucial capable ministers are to good government, quoting Lord Shao's own words back at him about how the two of them would work together, asserting that heaven's mandate had come jointly to the Zhou as a group, and ending with an impassioned plea where he addresses Lord Shao as his brother Although the two texts are clearly closely related, which is the response to the other is debated  And whether they are read from a traditional or revisionist viewpoint, regardless of the personal, political, or philosophical motives behind either man's words, soon thereafter the young King Cheng stepped fully into his authority, and the Duke of Zhou disappeared from the political scene for the remainder of his life 

Longevity
Lord Shao served four generations of Zhou kings: King Wen, King Wu, King Cheng, and King Kang  He features prominently in the later Shangshu chapter Gu Ming, which describes the inauguration ritual of King Kang  In it, Lord Shao can be seen to command great respect at court  He is listed first in each enumeration of participants, gives orders to other functionaries to help prepare for the proceedings, performs ritual actions rivaled only by the new king and the Master Ritualist, and reads the command of accession to the king Wang Chong's Lunheng claims that Lord Shao lived over a hundred years, and epigraphic records securely dateable to the middle years of King Kang's reign tend to support rather than refute this claim The Classic of Poetry ode "The Sweet Pears" (甘棠) is said to have been composed in his honour 
Passage 8:
King An of Zhou
King An of Zhou (Chinese: 周安王; pinyin: Zhōu Ān Wáng), personal name Ji Jiao, was the thirty-third king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty and the twenty-first of the Eastern Zhou He succeeded his father King Weilie of Zhou on the throne of China in 401 BC and reigned until his death in 376 BC  After he died, his son King Lie of Zhou ruled over China  His other son was King Xian of Zhou 

Family
Sons:

Prince Xi (王子喜; d  369 BC), ruled as King Lie of Zhou from 375–369 BC
Prince Bian (王子扁; d  321 BC), ruled as King Xian of Zhou from 368–321 BC

Ancestry
See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors
Passage 9:
Shu Yu of Tang
Shu Yu of Tang (Chinese: 唐叔虞; pinyin: Táng Shū Yú; lit  'Yu, [Royal] Uncle of Tang'), ancestral name (姓): Ji (姬) given name (名): Yu (虞),  and Ziyu (子於), was the founder of the State of Tang during the early Zhou Dynasty (1046–771 BC) of ancient China  The State of Tang would later be renamed Jin by Shu Yu's son and successor, Xie  He was the son of King Wu of Zhou and Yi Jiang and the younger brother of King Cheng of Zhou Shortly after the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, King Wu of Zhou died  His son, Prince Song, ascended the throne and became King Cheng of Zhou  Since he was very young and too inexperienced to run the newly founded dynasty, his uncle, the Duke of Zhou, served as regent and handled all political affairs until King Cheng of Zhou became old enough to rule  In the year that King Cheng of Zhou ascended the throne, the people of a land called Tang (唐) rebelled, so the Duke of Zhou conquered them 
According to the Records of the Grand Historian, one day, King Cheng of Zhou was playing with his younger brother, Prince Yu  King Cheng of Zhou suddenly picked up a parasol tree leaf and gave it to Prince Yu  Then he said playfully," Let this be a proof that I will make you a feudal lord " Prince Yu happily got the leaf and he then told this to the Duke of Zhou  The Duke of Zhou thought that whatever the young King Cheng of Zhou said should not be taken lightly since he was the king 
The Duke of Zhou approached the young king and asked him if it were true  The young king said that he was just joking with his brother  Then the Duke of Zhou replied, "A sovereign must not joke about the things he says and do as what he has said " The young king thought it was reasonable and gave the recent conquered called Tang land, west of modern Yicheng County in Shanxi, to his brother, Prince Yu 
Shu Yu's son and successor, Xie, moved the capital Jiang nearer to the Jin River and renamed the state Jin 
Jinci was a shrine in Taiyuan dedicated to Shu Yu  It is a major historical and cultural site protected at the national level in People's republic of China 

See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors
Passage 10:
King Kang of Chu
King Kang of Chu (Chinese: 楚康王; pinyin: Chǔ Kāng Wáng, died 545 BC) was from 559 to 545 BC the king of Chu, a major power during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China   Born Xiong Zhao (Chinese: 熊招), he succeeded his father King Gong of Chu   His reign was marked by constant wars with Jin, Chu's traditional enemy, and Wu, its new enemy   He ruled for 15 years and was succeeded by his son, Jia'ao, who would four years later be murdered by King Kang's younger brother King Ling of Chu 

Battle of Yongpu
When King Kang's father King Gong died in 560 BC, Chu's enemy Wu seized the opportunity to invade Chu   Chief military commander Zigeng (子庚) and general Yang Youji (养由基) led the Chu army to repel the invaders   After the initial fight Zigeng feigned defeat   The Wu army chased the retreating Chu army to Yongpu (庸浦, in present-day Wuwei County, Anhui Province), where they fell into an ambush and were soundly defeated   Prince Dang, the commander of the Wu army, was captured 

Battle of Zhanban
In 557 BC, just three years after the Battle of Yongpu, Chu fought the last major battle with its traditional enemy Jin at Zhanban (湛阪, in present-day Pingdingshan, Henan Province)   Chu was defeated and lost all of its territory north of Fangcheng, the Great Wall of Chu  The Battle of Zhanban marked the end of the eight-decade-long Jin-Chu rivalry, as a weakened Chu would be consumed by numerous wars with its new enemy Wu, culminating in the 506 BC Battle of Boju, when the Wu army would capture and destroy the Chu capital Ying   Meanwhile, Jin was increasingly riven by internal strife that would ultimately lead to its partition into the new states of Han, Zhao, and Wei 

Conquest of Shujiu
In 549 BC Duke Ping of Jin attacked the Chu ally Qi   To help Qi, Chu attacked the Jin ally Zheng   King Zhufan of Wu seized the opportunity and induced the Chu vassal state Shujiu (舒鸠, in present-day Shucheng County, Anhui Province) to switch its allegiance to Wu   The next year, Chu prime minister Qu Jian (屈建, also known as Zimu) and general Zijiang (子彊) led an army to punish Shujiu, again ambushing and routing the Wu army   Chu then annexed Shujiu 

Battle of Chaocheng
In 548 BC, soon after Wu's defeat at Shujiu, King Zhufan personally led an army to again invade Chu, attacking the Chu city Chaocheng (巢城)   Greatly outnumbered by the Wu army, Chu general Niu Chen (牛臣) pretended to give up Chaocheng and left the city gate wide open   When the unsuspecting Zhufan entered the city, Niu Chen shot and killed him with an arrow   The Wu army fell into chaos and was again defeated   Zhufan's brother Yuji succeeded him as king of Wu 

Succession
King Kang was the eldest of King Gong's five sons, four of whom would ascend the throne   When King Kang died in 545 BC after 15 years of reign he was succeeded by his son Xiong Yuan (posthumous title Jia'ao) and King Kang's younger brother Prince Wei served as the prime minister   Four years later, Prince Wei murdered Jia'ao and his two sons when he was ill, and usurped the throne   Prince Wei was later given the pejorative posthumous title King Ling of Chu In 529 BC when King Ling was on an expedition against the State of Xu, his three younger brothers staged a coup d'etat and killed his son Crown Prince Lu   Xiong Bi, the third brother, ascended the throne (posthumous title Zi'ao), and the fourth brother Prince Zixi became the prime minister   When news of the coup reached King Ling's troops they abandoned him en masse, and in desperation King Ling killed himself However, Xiong Qiji, the fifth brother, concealed the truth about King Ling's death from Zi'ao and Zixi   Instead, he pretended to be defeated by King Ling and said the king would soon return to the capital   Zi'ao and Zixi were so fearful that they both committed suicide; Zi'ao had been king for less than twenty days   Prince Qiji then ascended the throne and would come to be known as King Ping of Chu 

Family tree
Context 3: Passage 1:
Jason Moore (director)
Jason Moore (born October 22, 1970) is an American director of film, theatre and television 

Life and career
Jason Moore was born in Fayetteville, Arkansas, and studied at Northwestern University  Moore's Broadway career began as a resident director of Les Misérables at the Imperial Theatre in during its original run  He is the son of Fayetteville District Judge Rudy Moore In March 2003, Moore directed the musical Avenue Q, which opened Off-Broadway at the Vineyard Theatre and then moved to Broadway at the John Golden Theatre in July 2003   He was nominated for a 2004 Tony Award for his direction  Moore also directed productions of the musical in Las Vegas and London and the show's national tour  Moore directed the 2005 Broadway revival of Steel Magnolias and Shrek the Musical, starring Brian d'Arcy James and Sutton Foster which opened on Broadway in 2008  He directed the concert of Jerry Springer — The Opera at Carnegie Hall in January 2008 Moore, Jeff Whitty, Jake Shears, and John "JJ" Garden worked together on a new musical based on Armistead Maupin's Tales of the City  The musical premiered at the American Conservatory Theater, San Francisco, California in May 2011 and ran through July 2011 For television, Moore has directed episodes of Dawson's Creek, One Tree Hill, Everwood, and Brothers & Sisters  As a writer, Moore adapted the play The Floatplane Notebooks with Paul Fitzgerald from the novel by Clyde Edgerton  A staged reading of the play was presented at the New Play Festival at the Charlotte, North Carolina Repertory Theatre in 1996, with a fully staged production in 1998 In 2012, Moore made his film directorial debut with Pitch Perfect, starring Anna Kendrick and Brittany Snow  He also served as an executive producer on the sequel  He directed the film Sisters, starring Tina Fey and Amy Poehler, which was released on December 18, 2015  Moore's next project will be directing a live action Archie movie 

Filmography
Films

Pitch Perfect (2012)
Sisters (2015)
Shotgun Wedding (2022)Television

Soundtrack writer

Pitch Perfect 2 (2015) (Also executive producer)
The Voice (2015) (1 episode)
Passage 2:
Olav Aaraas
Olav Aaraas (born 10 July 1950) is a Norwegian historian and museum director 
He was born in Fredrikstad  From 1982 to 1993 he was the director of Sogn Folk Museum, from 1993 to 2010 he was the director of Maihaugen and from 2001 he has been the director of the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History  In 2010 he was decorated with the Royal Norwegian Order of St  Olav 
Passage 3:
Bhagirathi (film)
Bhagirathi (Kannada: ಭಾಗೀರಥಿ) is a 2012 Indian Kannada drama film written and directed by Baraguru Ramachandrappa  The film stars Bhavana and Kishore in the lead roles with Srinath, Tara, Hema Choudhury and Padma Vasanthi in the supporting role  The film is based on a folktale from North Karnataka, "Kerege Haara", which glorifies the sacrifice of a young woman for the sake of her village and her heart-broken husband 

Plot
Bhagirathi (Bhavana) dreams of a tank for her village and inspired by her, Maadevaraya (Kishore), the son of Mallanagowda (Srinath), convinces his father to construct one for the community  When Maadevaraya and Bhagirathi fall in love, class differences come in the way  But when they decide to end their lives, Mallanagowda is moved to solemnise their marriage on the tank's site 
As fate would have it, the tank remains dry and the priest advises Mallanagowda to sacrifice of one of his daughters-in-law  The lot falls on Bhagirathi  On learning what has happened to his young wife, Maadevaraya ends his life in the tank 

Cast
Bhavana as Bhagirathi
Kishore as Mahadevaraya
Srinath as Mallanagowda
Tara
Hema Choudhury
Padma Vasanthi
Shivadhwaj
Ravishankar
Vatsala Mohan

Soundtrack
The soundtrack album of the film was released on 20 November 2011 by actor Puneeth Rajkumar in Bangalore 
 The album consists of six tracks, lyrics for which were written by Baraguru Ramachandrappa for music composed by V  Manohar, who also scored the film's background music 

Review
IBN Live reviewed the movie and said, "Bhagirathi' is a one time watch"  The Hindu review the movie and said "Bhagirathi - Bringing alive a Kannada folktale" The movie completed 100 days of show 

Awards
Karnataka State Film Award for Best Actress - Bhavana
Karnataka State Film Award for Best Lyricist - Baraguru Ramachandrappa
Karnataka State Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer - Archana Udupa
Udaya Film Awards for Best Supporting Actress - Tara
Passage 4:
Peter Levin
Peter Levin is an American director of film, television and theatre 

Career
Since 1967, Levin has amassed a large number of credits directing episodic television and television films  Some of his television series credits include Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, James at 15, The Paper Chase, Family, Starsky & Hutch, Lou Grant, Fame, Cagney & Lacey, Law & Order and Judging Amy Some of his television film credits include Rape and Marriage: The Rideout Case (1980), A Reason to Live (1985), Popeye Doyle (1986), A Killer Among Us (1990), Queen Sized (2008) and among other films  He directed "Heart in Hiding", written by his wife Audrey Davis Levin, for which she received an Emmy for Best Day Time Special in the 1970s 
Prior to becoming a director, Levin worked as an actor in several Broadway productions  He costarred with Susan Strasberg in "[The Diary of Ann Frank]" but had to leave the production when he was drafted into the Army  He trained at the Carnegie Mellon University  Eventually becoming a theatre director, he directed productions at the Long Wharf Theatre and the Pacific Resident Theatre Company  He also co-founded the off-off-Broadway Theatre [the Hardware Poets Playhouse] with his wife Audrey Davis Levin and was also an associate artist of The Interact Theatre Company 
Passage 5:
Ian Barry (director)
Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV 

Select credits
Waiting for Lucas (1973) (short)
Stone (1974) (editor only)
The Chain Reaction (1980)
Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)
Minnamurra (1989)
Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)
Ring of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)
Crimebroker (1993)
Inferno (1998) (TV movie)
Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)
Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)
The Doctor Blake Mysteries (2013)
Passage 6:
Brian Kennedy (gallery director)
Brian Patrick Kennedy (born 5 November 1961) is an Irish-born art museum director who has worked in Ireland and Australia, and now lives and works in the United States   He was the director of the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem for 17 months, resigning December 31, 2020  He was the director of the Toledo Museum of Art in Ohio from 2010 to 2019  He was the director of the Hood Museum of Art from 2005 to 2010, and the National Gallery of Australia (Canberra) from 1997 to 2004 

Career
Brian Kennedy currently lives and works in the United States after leaving Australia in 2005 to direct the Hood Museum of Art at Dartmouth College  In October 2010 he became the ninth Director of the Toledo Museum of Art  On 1 July 2019, he succeeded Dan Monroe as the executive director and CEO of the Peabody Essex Museum 

Early life and career in Ireland
Kennedy was born in Dublin and attended Clonkeen College  He received B A  (1982), M A  (1985) and PhD (1989) degrees from University College-Dublin, where he studied both art history and history 
He worked in the Irish Department of Education (1982), the European Commission, Brussels (1983), and in Ireland at the Chester Beatty Library (1983–85), Government Publications Office (1985–86), and Department of Finance (1986–89)  He married Mary Fiona Carlin in 1988 He was Assistant Director at the National Gallery of Ireland in Dublin from 1989 to 1997  He was Chair of the Irish Association of Art Historians from 1996 to 1997, and of the Council of Australian Art Museum Directors from 2001 to 2003  In September 1997 he became Director of the National Gallery of Australia 

National Gallery of Australia (NGA)
Kennedy expanded the traveling exhibitions and loans program throughout Australia, arranged for several major shows of Australian art abroad, increased the number of exhibitions at the museum itself and oversaw the development of an extensive multi-media site   Although he oversaw several years of the museum's highest ever annual visitation, he discontinued the emphasis of his predecessor, Betty Churcher, on showing "blockbuster" exhibitions 
During his directorship, the NGA gained government support for improving the building and significant private donations and corporate sponsorship  However, the initial design for the building proved controversial generating a public dispute with the original architect on moral rights grounds   As a result, the project was not delivered during Dr Kennedy's tenure, with a significantly altered design completed some years later   Private funding supported two acquisitions of British art, including David Hockney's A Bigger Grand Canyon in 1999, and Lucian Freud's After Cézanne in 2001  Kennedy built on the established collections at the museum by acquiring the Holmgren-Spertus collection of Indonesian textiles; the Kenneth Tyler collection of editioned prints, screens, multiples and unique proofs; and the Australian Print Workshop Archive  He was also notable for campaigning for the construction of a new "front" entrance to the Gallery, facing King Edward Terrace, which was completed in 2010 (see reference to the building project above) 
Kennedy's cancellation of the "Sensation exhibition" (scheduled at the NGA from 2 June 2000 to 13 August 2000) was controversial, and seen by some as censorship  He claimed that the decision was due to the exhibition being "too close to the market" implying that a national cultural institution cannot exhibit the private collection of a speculative art investor  However, there were other exhibitions at the NGA during his tenure, which could have raised similar concerns  The exhibition featured the privately owned Young British Artists works belonging to Charles Saatchi and attracted large attendances in London and Brooklyn



ground_truth: Yi Jiang

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: What is the place of birth of the director of film Bhagirathi (Film)?

The following are given passages.
Context 3:  Its most controversial work was Chris Ofili's The Holy Virgin Mary, a painting which used elephant dung and was accused of being blasphemous  The then-mayor of New York, Rudolph Giuliani, campaigned against the exhibition, claiming it was "Catholic-bashing" and an "aggressive, vicious, disgusting attack on religion " In November 1999, Kennedy cancelled the exhibition and stated that the events in New York had "obscured discussion of the artistic merit of the works of art"  He has said that it "was the toughest decision of my professional life, so far "Kennedy was also repeatedly questioned on his management of a range of issues during the Australian Government's Senate Estimates process - particularly on the NGA's occupational health and safety record and concerns about the NGA's twenty-year-old air-conditioning system  The air-conditioning was finally renovated in 2003  Kennedy announced in 2002 that he would not seek extension of his contract beyond 2004, accepting a seven-year term as had his two predecessors He became a joint Irish-Australian citizen in 2003 

Toledo Museum of Art
The Toledo Museum of Art is known for its exceptional collections of European and American paintings and sculpture, glass, antiquities, artist books, Japanese prints and netsuke  The museum offers free admission and is recognized for its historical leadership in the field of art education   During his tenure, Kennedy has focused the museum's art education efforts on visual literacy, which he defines as "learning to read, understand and write visual language "   Initiatives have included baby and toddler tours, specialized training for all staff, docents, volunteers and the launch of a website, www vislit org  In November 2014, the museum hosted the International Visual Literacy Association (IVLA) conference, the first Museum to do so  Kennedy has been a frequent speaker on the topic, including 2010 and 2013 TEDx talks on visual and sensory literacy 
Kennedy has expressed an interest in expanding the museum's collection of contemporary art and art by indigenous peoples  Works by Frank Stella, Sean Scully, Jaume Plensa, Ravinder Reddy and Mary Sibande have been acquired   In addition, the museum has made major acquisitions of Old Master paintings by Frans Hals and Luca Giordano During his tenure the Toledo Museum of Art has announced the return of several objects from its collection due to claims the objects were stolen and/or illegally exported prior being sold to the museum   In 2011 a Meissen sweetmeat stand was returned to Germany followed by an Etruscan Kalpis or water jug to Italy (2013), an Indian sculpture of Ganesha (2014) and an astrological compendium to Germany in 2015 

Hood Museum of Art
Kennedy became Director of the Hood Museum of Art in July 2005  During his tenure, he implemented a series of large and small-scale exhibitions and oversaw the production of more than 20 publications to bring greater public attention to the museum's remarkable collections of the arts of America, Europe, Africa, Papua New Guinea and the Polar regions  At 70,000 objects, the Hood has one of the largest collections on any American college of university campus  The exhibition, Black Womanhood: Images, Icons, and Ideologies of the African Body, toured several US venues  Kennedy increased campus curricular use of works of art, with thousands of objects pulled from storage for classes annually  Numerous acquisitions were made with the museum's generous endowments, and he curated several exhibitions: including Wenda Gu: Forest of Stone Steles: Retranslation and Rewriting Tang Dynasty Poetry, Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, and Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons 

Publications
Kennedy has written or edited a number of books on art, including:

Alfred Chester Beatty and Ireland 1950-1968: A study in cultural politics, Glendale Press (1988), ISBN 978-0-907606-49-9
Dreams and responsibilities: The state and arts in independent Ireland, Arts Council of Ireland (1990), ISBN 978-0-906627-32-7
Jack B Yeats: Jack Butler Yeats, 1871-1957 (Lives of Irish Artists), Unipub (October 1991), ISBN 978-0-948524-24-0
The Anatomy Lesson: Art and Medicine (with Davis Coakley), National Gallery of Ireland (January 1992), ISBN 978-0-903162-65-4
Ireland: Art into History (with Raymond Gillespie), Roberts Rinehart Publishers (1994), ISBN 978-1-57098-005-3
Irish Painting, Roberts Rinehart Publishers (November 1997),  ISBN 978-1-86059-059-7
Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, Hood Museum of Art (October 2008), ISBN 978-0-944722-34-3
Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons, 1965-1966, Hood Museum of Art (October 2010), ISBN 978-0-944722-39-8

Honors and achievements
Kennedy was awarded the Australian Centenary Medal in 2001 for service to Australian Society and its art  He is a trustee and treasurer of the Association of Art Museum Directors, a peer reviewer for the American Association of Museums and a member of the International Association of Art Critics  In 2013 he was appointed inaugural eminent professor at the University of Toledo and received an honorary doctorate from Lourdes University  Most recently, Kennedy received the 2014 Northwest Region, Ohio Art Education Association award for distinguished educator for art education 


== Notes ==
Passage 7:
Dana Blankstein
Dana Blankstein-Cohen (born March 3, 1981) is the executive director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School  She was appointed by the board of directors  in November 2019   Previously she was the CEO of the Israeli Academy of Film and Television  She is a film director, and an Israeli culture entrepreneur 

Biography
Dana Blankstein was born in Switzerland in 1981 to theatre director Dedi Baron and Professor Alexander Blankstein  She moved to Israel in 1983 and grew up in Tel Aviv 
Blankstein graduated from the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School, Jerusalem in 2008 with high honors  During her studies she worked as a personal assistant to directors Savi Gabizon on his film Nina's Tragedies and to Renen Schorr on his film The Loners   She also directed and shot 'the making of' film on Gavison's film Lost and Found  Her debut film Camping competed at the Berlin International Film Festival, 2007 

Film and academic career
After her studies, Dana founded and directed the film and television department at the Kfar Saba municipality  The department encouraged and promoted productions filmed in the city of Kfar Saba, as well as the established cultural projects, and educational community activities 
Blankstein directed the mini-series "Tel Aviviot" (2012)  From 2016-2019 was the director of the Israeli Academy of Film and Television 
In November 2019 Dana Blankstein Cohen was appointed the new director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School where she also oversees the Sam Spiegel International Film Lab  In 2022, she spearheaded the launch of the new Series Lab and the film preparatory program for Arabic speakers in east Jerusalem 

Filmography
Tel Aviviot (mini-series; director, 2012)
Growing Pains (graduation film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2008)
Camping (debut film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2006)
Passage 8:
S  N  Mathur
S N  Mathur was the Director of the Indian Intelligence Bureau between September 1975 and February 1980  He was also the Director General of Police in Punjab 
Passage 9:
Baraguru Ramachandrappa
Baraguru Ramachandrappa (born 18 October 1947) is an Indian essayist, lyricist, screenwriter, film director, socialist, writer, novelist, predominantly works in Kannada language and President of the Textbook Revision Committee, in Karnataka Text Books Society (KTBS) from May 2015  In 2008, he was given an honorary doctorate by the Kuvempu University and Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, Karnataka Ramachandrappa won the National Film Award for Best Lyrics in 2002 for "Baruthe Ve Nav Baruthe Ve" in the film Thaayi and was given the Pampa Award in 2011 by the Government of Karnataka for his contribution to Kannada literature  His directorial debut film, Ondu Oorina Kathe (1978), fetched him the State award for best story writer for the year 1978–79  Since then, he has been the recipient of several awards, both national and international  His novel Suntaragali won the Karnataka Sahitya Academy award 

Biography
Ramachandrappa was born to Kenchamma and Rangadasappa in Baraguru village in the Tumkur district, Karnataka state  After completing his studies, he worked as a professor in the Kannada department of Bangalore University  He was the president of the Kannada Sahitya Academy for two years  He has made notable contributions as the Chairman of Kannada Development Authority as well as a member of various educational institutions, Doordarshan, literary and film based organizations  His contribution to Kannada literature includes novels, collection of poetry, short stories, drama, edition of other works and research and criticism for which he was awarded by the Karnataka Sahitya Academy  Class based society and its challenges is a theme that is well expressed in his creative works 

Literary works
Research and criticism

Saahithya Matthu Raajakaarana
Samskruthi Mattu Srujanasheelathe
Bandaaya Sahithya Meemanse
Samskruthi - Upa samskruthi
Vartamaana
Rajakeeya chinthane
Samskruthi: Shrama mattu srujanasheelathe
Parampareyondige Pisumathu
Kannada Sahityavemba Swatantrya Horata
Shabdavillada Yuddha
Cinema Ondu Janapada Kale
Maryaadastha ManushyaraagonaNovels

Sootra
Ukkina Kote
Ondu Oorina Kathe
Benki
Surya
Sangappana Saahasagalu
Seelu Nela
Bharatha Nagari
Gaagina Mane
Swapna Mantapa
ShabariCollections of poems

Kanasina Kannik
Marakutika
Nettaralli Nenda Hoovu
Gulaama Geethe
Maguvina Haadu
Kaantesadalli Kavya (anthology)Short stories

Suntaragaali
Kappu Nelada Kempu Kaalu
Ondu Oorina Kathegalu (anthology)Drama

Kappu halage
Kote

Awards
Karnataka State Film Awards1978–79: Best Story Writer – Ondu Oorina Kathe
1978–79: Best Dialogue Writer – Ondu Oorina Kathe
1983-84: Second Best Film - Benki'
1983–84: Best Story Writer - Benki
1986–87: Second Best Film - Surya
1988–89: Jury Special Award (Lyrics) – Kote
1996–97: Best Film of Social Concern - Karadipura
1996–97: Best Dialogue Writer - Janumada Jodi
1999–00: Best Story Writer - Hagalu Vesha
1999–00: Best Lyricist - Hagalu Vesha
2002–03: Second Best Film - Kshaama
2003–04: Second Best Film - Shanthi
2005–06: Best Film of Social Concern - Thayi
2005–06: Best Lyricist - Thayi
2007–08: Best Children's Film - Ekalavya
2008–09: Best Story Writer - Ugragami
2009–10: Best Film of Social Concern - Shabari
2011: Best Lyricist - Bhagirathi
2012: Best Story Writer - Angulimala
2014: Puttanna Kanagal Award

Filmography
Ramachandrappa has been making films for more than thirty years  His debut film Ondu Oorina Kathe won him the Best Story Writer Award, Karnataka Government Film Awards in 1978  He has made several documentaries and most of his thirteen feature films have won either a Karnataka State Award or a National Film Award  His film Shanti, with only one artist entered the Guinness Book of World Records  In 2014 Karnataka State "Puttanna Kanagal Award" (Puttanna Kanagal was among the front runners in Kannada cinema's most successful film directors  In his memory and honor, this award is presented to the directors every year during the Karnataka State Awards function) 

As Director
Others
Passage 10:
Jesse E  Hobson
Jesse Edward Hobson (May 2, 1911 – November 5, 1970) was the director of SRI International from 1947 to 1955  Prior to SRI, he was the director of the Armour Research Foundation 

Early life and education
Hobson was born in Marshall, Indiana  He received bachelor's and master's degrees in electrical engineering from Purdue University and a PhD in electrical engineering from the California Institute of Technology  Hobson was also selected as a nationally outstanding engineer Hobson married Jessie Eugertha Bell on March 26, 1939, and they had five children 

Career
Awards and memberships
Hobson was named an IEEE Fellow in 1948 



ground_truth: Tumkur