prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Which film was released earlier, Moment Of Danger or The Ballad Of Josie?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
The Ballad of Uhlans
The Ballad of Uhlans (Уланская баллада) is a 2012 Russian historical adventure film directed by Oleg Fesenko, and stars Sergei Bezrukov, Anna Chipovskaya, Anton Sokolov and Vladimir Gostyukhin 
The Ballad of Uhlans was released on 1 November 2012 in Russia 

Plot
In 1812, on the eve of the decisive Battle of Borodino, a French secret agent steals a battle plan of the Russian troops  This fact is known to General Kutuzov, thanks to a young nobleman named Alexey Tarusov  Tarusov joins a regiment of Russian lancers, and finds new friends and together they have many adventures   

Cast
Sergei Bezrukov - (Go) Rzhevskiy
Anna Chipovskaya - Panna Beata
Anton Sokolov - Alexey Tarusov
Vladimir Gostyukhin - Turusov Sr 
Anatoliy Beliy - Knyaz Kiknadze
Stanislav Duzhkinov - Ptukha
Valery Nikolaev - De Vitt
Olga Kabo - Martha
Sergei Juravel - Mikhail Kutuzov
Boris Klyuyev - Arkacheev
Eric Fratichelli - Napoleon
Dimitri Isayev - Alexander I
Gedininas Adomaitis - Armand de Kolencour
Paweł Deląg - Ledokhovskiy
Alexei Makarov - Troitskiy
Egor Pazenko - Uvarov
Svetlana Metkina - Maria Valevskaya

Home Media
The Ballad of Uhlans was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc in the Russian Federation in January 2013 

External links
Official website
The Ballad of Uhlans at IMDb
information in Kino-Teatr Ru
Passage 2:
The Ballad of Uhlans
The Ballad of Uhlans (Уланская баллада) is a 2012 Russian historical adventure film directed by Oleg Fesenko, and stars Sergei Bezrukov, Anna Chipovskaya, Anton Sokolov and Vladimir Gostyukhin 
The Ballad of Uhlans was released on 1 November 2012 in Russia 

Plot
In 1812, on the eve of the decisive Battle of Borodino, a French secret agent steals a battle plan of the Russian troops  This fact is known to General Kutuzov, thanks to a young nobleman named Alexey Tarusov  Tarusov joins a regiment of Russian lancers, and finds new friends and together they have many adventures   

Cast
Sergei Bezrukov - (Go) Rzhevskiy
Anna Chipovskaya - Panna Beata
Anton Sokolov - Alexey Tarusov
Vladimir Gostyukhin - Turusov Sr 
Anatoliy Beliy - Knyaz Kiknadze
Stanislav Duzhkinov - Ptukha
Valery Nikolaev - De Vitt
Olga Kabo - Martha
Sergei Juravel - Mikhail Kutuzov
Boris Klyuyev - Arkacheev
Eric Fratichelli - Napoleon
Dimitri Isayev - Alexander I
Gedininas Adomaitis - Armand de Kolencour
Paweł Deląg - Ledokhovskiy
Alexei Makarov - Troitskiy
Egor Pazenko - Uvarov
Svetlana Metkina - Maria Valevskaya

Home Media
The Ballad of Uhlans was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc in the Russian Federation in January 2013 

External links
Official website
The Ballad of Uhlans at IMDb
information in Kino-Teatr Ru
Passage 3:
Moment of Truth
Moment of Truth or The Moment of Truth may refer to:

Music
Album
Moment of Truth (Gerald Wilson album), 1962
Moment of Truth (Terri Nunn album), 1991
Moment of Truth, a 2004 album by Da' T R U T H 
The Moment of Truth (compilation album), a 1999 album in The Emo Diaries series
Moment of Truth (ELO Part II album), 1994
Moment of Truth (Gang Starr album), 1998, or its title track
The Moment of Truth (The Real Milli Vanilli album), 1990
Moment of Truth (Suzy Bogguss album), 1990
Moment of Truth (Man with No Name album), 1996
Moment of Truth, a 2013 album by Glenn Lewis
Moment of Truth (Tinsley Ellis album), 2007
The Moment of Truth (Crow Mother album), 2017

Songs
"The Moment of Truth" (Survivor song), 1984, part of the soundtrack for The Karate Kid
"Moment of Truth", a 2004 song by Damageplan from New Found Power
"Moment of Truth", a 1971 song by Earth, Wind & Fire from Earth, Wind & Fire
"Moment of Truth", a 1993 song by Jeff Watson from Around the Sun
"Moment of Truth", a 2023 song by Lil Durk from Almost Healed
"Moment of Truth", a 2001 song by Timothy B  Schmit from Feed the Fire

Film and television
Moment of Truth (Canadian TV series), a Canadian serial drama television series which aired on CBC Television from 1964 to 1969
Moment of Truth (2021 TV series), an American true crime documentary about the unsolved murder of James R  Jordan Sr  in 1993 
The Moment of Truth (American game show), an American game show
The Moment of Truth (British game show), a British game show
Moment of Truth (film series), a series of made-for-television movies from the Lifetime cable channel
"The Moment of Truth" (Merlin), an episode of Merlin
The Moment of Truth (1952 film), a French film
The Moment of Truth (1965 film), an Italian film
In August of 1944, or The Moment of Truth, a 2001 Russian-Belarusian action film

Other
Moment of truth (marketing), when a customer interacts with a product that changes an impression about that particular product
The Moment of Truth (novel), a 2003 novel based on the Star Wars franchise
The Moment of Truth (play), a 1951 satire comedy drama play by Peter Ustinov

See also
Epiphany (disambiguation)
Passage 4:
The Ballad of Josie
The Ballad of Josie is a 1967 Technicolor American comedy Western film directed by Andrew V  McLaglen and starring Doris Day, Peter Graves, and George Kennedy  It humorously tackles 1960s themes of feminism in a traditional Western setting 
The film featured the last acting role for William Talman  It was filmed on two locations in Thousand Oaks, California: North Ranch and Wildwood Regional Park 

Plot
Josie (Doris Day) is a young woman living in (fictional) Arapahoe County, Wyoming  She accidentally kills her abusive alcoholic husband when she opens the bedroom door and knocks him backward down the stairs  She is put on trial for his death, but is acquitted  Her father-in-law gets custody of her young son (since he was better able to provide for his care) and takes him to Cheyenne to live while she tries to build a life as a rancher (including wearing Levi's pants, boots, etc )  Josie then incurs the annoyance of her male cattle rancher neighbors by farming sheep north of the Wyoming deadline), and setting up a women's suffrage movement 

Cast
Doris Day as Josie Minick
Peter Graves as Jason Meredith
George Kennedy as Arch Ogden
Andy Devine as Judge Tatum
William Talman as District Attorney Charlie Lord
David Hartman as Sheriff Fonse Pruitt
Guy Raymond as Doc
Audrey Christie as Annabelle Pettijohn
Karen Jensen as Deborah Wilkes
Elisabeth Fraser as Widow Renfrew
Linda Meiklejohn as Jenny McCardle
Shirley O'Hara as Elizabeth
Timothy Scott as Klugg The Sheepherder
Don Stroud as Bratsch The Sheepherder
Paul Fix as Alpheus Minick
Harry Carey as Mooney, Meredith's Foreman
John Fiedler as Simpson, general store owner
Robert Lowery as Whit Minick, town drunk
Teddy Quinn as Luther Minick, Josie's son
Edward Faulkner as Juror/Liveryman

See also
List of American films of 1967
Passage 5:
The Ballad of Narayama
The Ballad of Narayama may refer to:

The Ballad of Narayama (novel), a 1956 novel by Shichirō Fukazawa
The Ballad of Narayama (1958 film)
The Ballad of Narayama (1983 film)
Passage 6:
Point Danger
Point Danger or Danger Point may refer:

Places
AustraliaPoint Danger (Tweed Heads), on the border of New South Wales and Queensland
Point Danger (Portland), south-western Victoria
Point Danger (Torquay), south-western VictoriaOther placesDanger Point (County Devon), England, UK

Facilities and structures
Danger Point Lighthouse, Walker Bay, South Africa
Point Danger Light, located at Point Danger (Tweed Heads) on the border of New South Wales and Queensland, Australia

See also
Danger (disambiguation)
Point (disambiguation)
Passage 7:
The Ballad of Cossack Golota
The Ballad of Cossack Golota (Russian: Дума про казака Голоту) is a 1937 Soviet action drama film directed by Igor Savchenko 

Plot
The film is based on the novel R V S  by Arkady Gaidar  The film takes place in 1920 during the Civil War  All the men of Olkhovka village went to war  A young man Zhigan visits his grandfather and meets the son of a soldier of the Red Army - Sashko, who becomes his friend  Sashko receives information that the bandits want to kill the red commissar who must visit the village  Guys want to warn him   The characters get mixed up with a wounded commissar and a marauding White Russian officer  They find themselves in all sorts of predicaments before the Reds arrive to save the day, and become the mascots of a troop of Bolshevik cavalry 

Starring
Konstantin Nassonov as Commissar
Leonid Shekhtman as Zhigan
Konstantin Tyrtov as Sashko
Nina Rusinova as Mother
Nikolai Sokolov as Grandfather
Viktor Seleznyov as (as Vitya Seleznyov)
Nikolay Gorlov as Ataman Levka
Faina Ranevskaya as priest's wife
Aleksandr Grechanyy as Goloven (as A  Grechanyj)
Konstantin Starostin as Ataman Kozolup (as K  Starostin)
Aleksandr Zhutaev as Vassili (as A  Zhutayev)
Y  Martsinchik as Polish Officer
Passage 8:
The Ballad of Little Joe
This is a list of VHS and DVD releases of the animated children's television series VeggieTales 

Videos
Original videos (1993–2015)
Theatrical films
Compilation videos
Collections
Lessons From The Sock Drawer (May 6, 2008): Includes various "Veggie Vault" Silly Songs, shorts, and briefs including Binky the Opera Singer, Dr  Jiggle & Mr  Sly, The Story of St  Patrick, Paco and The Singing Aardvark,  Gated Community, Paco and the Chicken, The Englishman Who Went Up The Hill, Larry's High Silk Hat, Larry's Lagoon, Modern Major General, Forgive-O-Matic, Larry's Blues, Going Up, Omelet, and Lunch
The Bumblyburg Super-Hero Value Pack: Includes Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!, Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, Dave and the Giant Pickle (first Larry-Boy Appearance), and all four episodes of Larryboy: The Cartoon Adventures 
LarryBoy Superhero Power Pack: Includes Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!, Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, LarryBoy and the Bad Apple, the 16 Feature Songs of LarryBoy: The New Soundtrack! CD and all four episodes of Larryboy: The Cartoon Adventures 
The Ultimate Christmas Collection: Includes The Toy That Saved Christmas, The Star of Christmas, Saint Nicholas: A Story of Joyful Giving, the 25 Favorite Christmas Songs! CD, Christmas Sing-Along Songs!, It's a Meaningful Life, and The Little Drummer Boy 
A Very Veggie Easter Collection: Includes An Easter Carol, Twas The Night Before Easter, and the songs from CD collections "A Very Veggie Easter" and "Hosanna!" 
The Complete Silly Song Collection: Includes Very Silly Songs!, The End of Silliness? and The Ultimate Silly Song Countdown 
VeggieTales: 30 Episodes DVD Set: Includes Where's God When I'm S-Scared?, God Wants Me to Forgive Them!?!, Are You My Neighbor?, Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!, Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, LarryBoy and the Bad Apple, The Toy That Saved Christmas, The Star of Christmas, Saint Nicholas: A Story of Joyful Giving, King George and the Ducky, Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen, Duke and the Great Pie War, Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Samson's Hairbrush, Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Noah's Umbrella, Sheerluck Holmes and the Golden Ruler, Rack, Shack and Benny, Dave and the Giant Pickle, Josh and the Big Wall!, The Ballad of Little Joe, Moe and the Big Exit, Tomato Sawyer and Huckleberry Larry's Big River Rescue, It's a Meaningful Life, Sweetpea Beauty: A Girl After God's Own Heart, The Wonderful Wizard of Ha's, Sumo of the Opera, Gideon: Tuba Warrior, Abe and the Amazing Promise, Lyle the Kindly Viking, A Snoodle's Tale and Pistachio - The Little Boy That Woodn't 
All the Shows Volume 1 1993–2000: Includes "Where's God When I'm S-Scared", "God Wants Me to Forgive Them!?!", "Are You My Neighbor?", "Rack, Shack and Benny", "Dave and the Giant Pickle", "The Toy That Saved Christmas", "Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!", "Josh and the Big Wall", "Madame Blueberry" and "Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed" 
All the Shows Volume 2 2000–2005: Includes "King George and the Ducky", "Esther: The Girl Who Became Queen", "Lyle the Kindly Viking", "The Star of Christmas", "The Ballad of Little Joe", "An Easter Carol", "A Snoodle's Tale", "Sumo of the Opera", "Duke and the Great Pie War" and "Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Samson's Hairbrush" 
All the Shows Volume 3 2006–2010: Includes "Sheerluck Holmes and the Golden Ruler", "LarryBoy and the Bad Apple", "Gideon: Tuba Warrior", "Moe and the Big Exit", "Tomato Sawyer and Huckleberry Larry's Big River Rescue", "Abe and the Amazing Promise", "Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Noah's Umbrella", "Saint Nicholas", "Pistachio" and "Sweetpea Beauty" 
25th Anniversary 10-Movie Collection: Includes Jonah: A VeggieTales Movie, The Pirates Who Don't Do Anything: A VeggieTales Movie, A Snoodle's Tale, Lyle the Kindly Viking, Pistachio - The Little Boy That Woodn't, Sweetpea Beauty, Sumo of the Opera, Sheerluck Holmes and the Golden Ruler, Robin Good and His Not So Merry Men and The Penniless Princess 
The VeggieTales Christmas Classics: Includes The Toy That Saved Christmas, The Star of Christmas, Saint Nicholas: A Story of Joyful Giving, Christmas Sing-Along Songs!, It's a Meaningful Life, The Little Drummer Boy and Merry Larry and the True Light of Christmas 
LarryBoy Ultimate Superhero Collection: Includes Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!, Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, LarryBoy and the Bad Apple, The League of Incredible Vegetables, and all four episodes of Larryboy: The Cartoon Adventures 

Double features
Holiday Double Feature: Includes The Toy that Saved Christmas and The Star of Christmas 
Lessons in Telling the Truth and The Power of Words Double Feature: Includes Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space! and Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed 
Lessons in Thankfulness and Courage Double Feature: Includes Madame Blueberry and Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen 
Lessons in Obedience and Selfishness Double Feature: Includes Josh and the Big Wall and King George and the Ducky 
Halloween Double Feature: Includes Where's God When I'm S-Scared? and Rack, Shack & Benny 
Heroic Legends Double Feature: Includes The League of Incredible Vegetables and Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen 
Lessons in Friendship and Facing Hardship Double Feature: Includes Sheerluck Holmes and the Golden Ruler and The Ballad of Little Joe 
Silly Songs! Double Feature: Includes Very Silly Songs! and The Ultimate Silly Song Countdown 
Good Friends! Double Feature: Includes Rack, Shack & Benny and Tomato Sawyer and Huckleberry Larry's Big River Rescue  
Growing Generous Kids!: Includes Lyle the Kindly Viking and King George and the Ducky 
Growing Patient Kids!: Includes Abe and the Amazing Promise and Sumo of the Opera 
Growing Faithful Kids!: Includes "The Grapes Of Wrath" (from God Wants Me To Forgive Them!?!) and 'Gideon: Tuba Warrior' 
Growing Kindhearted Kids!: Includes  Tomato Sawyer and Huckleberry Larry's Big River Rescue and Babysitter in De Nile" (from Duke and the Great Pie War)
Growing Courageous Kids!: Includes The Ballad of Little Joe and "Bully Trouble" (from Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Samson's Hairbrush) 
Growing Confident Kids!: Includes Rack, Shack and Benny and A Snoodle's Tale 
Movie Time!: Includes Jonah: A VeggieTales Movie &  The Pirates Who Don't Do Anything 

Triple features
Bob and Larry's Favorite Stories! (March 31, 1998): Includes Where's God When I'm S-Scared?, God Wants Me to Forgive Them!?!, and Are You My Neighbor? 
More of Bob and Larry's Favorite Stories (August 25, 1998): Includes Rack, Shack and Benny, Dave and the Giant Pickle, and Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space! 
Junior's Favorite Stories (November 9, 1999): Includes Josh and the Big Wall!, Very Silly Songs!, and Madame Blueberry 
Larry's Favorite Stories (May 23, 2000): Includes Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, The End of Silliness, and King George and the Ducky 
Classics from the Crisper (September 18, 2001): Includes Esther: The Girl Who Became Queen, Lyle the Kindly Viking, and The Ultimate Silly Song Countdown 
"Lions, Shepherds and Queens (Oh My!)" Includes "Daniel and the Lions' Den", "Dave and the Giant Pickle" and "Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen" 
"Stand Up, Stand Tall, Stand Strong!" Includes "The Story of Flibber-o-Loo", "Rack, Shack and Benny" and "Josh and the Big Wall!"
Multi-Feature: Includes Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Samson's Hairbrush, Sumo of the Opera, and Dave and the Giant Pickle 
Girl Power! A VeggieTriple Feature: Includes Madame Blueberry, Duke and the Great Pie War, and Esther: The Girl Who Became Queen 
Superhero! A VeggieTriple Feature: Includes Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!, Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, and LarryBoy and the Bad Apple 
Lessons for a Lifetime! A VeggieTriple Feature: Includes Jonah: A VeggieTales Movie, Lyle the Kindly Viking, and Gideon: Tuba Warrior 
God Made You Special! (August 11, 2007): Includes "Dave and the Giant Pickle", "The Gourds Must Be Crazy", and "A Snoodle's Tale"  Also includes a new short, "Bob's Vacation"
"A Baby, A Quest and the Wild Wild West!": Includes "The Ballad of Little Joe", "Babysitter in DeNile" and "Mo and the Big Exit" 
God Loves You Very Much! A VeggieTriple Feature: Includes "The Ballad of Little Joe", "Gideon, Tuba Warrior", and "Rack, Shack and Benny" 
"A Silly Little Thing Called Love" A VeggieTale Triple Feature : Includes "The Story of Flibber -o-Loo", "Duke and the Great Pie War", and "Madame Blueberry" 
"Happy Together": Includes "Sherlock Holmes and the Golden Ruler", "The Grapes of Wrath" and "Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen" 
Veggie Classics! A VeggieTriple Feature: Includes Where's God When I'm S-Scared?, God Wants Me to Forgive Them!?!, and Are You My Neighbor? 
Bible Heroes! A VeggieTriple Feature: Includes Josh and the Big Wall!, Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen, and Moe and the Big Exit 
Royalty Collection! A Queen, A King and a Very Blue Berry: Includes Madame Blueberry, King George and the Ducky, and Esther: The Girl Who Became Queen 
Adventure Pack! The Search and Rescue Edition!: Includes Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Samson's Hairbrush, Sheerluck Holmes and the Golden Ruler, and Tomato Sawyer and Huckleberry Larry's Big River Rescue 
Good Guys! Triple Feature: Includes Dave and the Giant Pickle, Josh and the Big Wall!, and Tomato Sawyer and Huckleberry Larry's Big River Rescue 

Quadruple features
Funtastic Four!: Includes Robin Good, Big River Rescue, Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Noah's Umbrella, and Sheerluck Holmes 
Bible Story Collection: Includes King George and the Ducky, Dave and the Giant Pickle, Rack, Shack and Benny and Josh and the Big Wall!
Princess Story Collection: Includes Sweetpea Beauty, Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen, The Penniless Princess, and Princess and the Popstar 
Bible Heroes - 4 Movie Collection: Includes Noah's Ark, Gideon: Tuba Warrior, Josh and the Big Wall! and King George and the Ducky 
Bible Heroes - 4 Movie Collection 2: Includes Moe and the Big Exit, The Ballad of Little Joe, Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen and Dave and the Giant Pickle 
Superhero! - 4 Movie Collection: Includes Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!, Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, LarryBoy and the Bad Apple and The League of Incredible Vegetables 
Passage 9:
Eskimo Nell (film)
Eskimo Nell, also known as The Ballad of Eskimo Nell and as The Sexy Saga of Naughty Nell and Big Dick, is a 1975 British sex comedy film directed by Martin Campbell and produced by Stanley Long  Though inspired by "The Ballad of Eskimo Nell", the movie owes little to the original bawdy song 
Long called it "my definitive statement about the sex films" 

Plot
Budding film director Dennis Morrison (Michael Armstrong), producer Clive Potter (Terence Edmond), and screenwriter Harris Tweedle (Christopher Timothy) are hired by seedy erotic film producer Benny U  Murdoch (Roy Kinnear) to make a dirty movie based on the poem "The Ballad of Eskimo Nell"  However they run into difficulty when each of the production's backers want a completely different style of film made  Then Murdoch makes off with the money and the three have to produce four different versions of the movie to keep everybody happy - a gay Western, a hardcore porno, a Kung Fu-style musical, and a wholesome family production 

Cast
Background
Many of the film's characters are based on real personalities of the time  Lady Longhorn and Lord Coltwind — the backers of the wholesome family version — are thinly veiled caricatures of Mary Whitehouse and Lord Longford  Benny U  Murdoch is loosely based on Tony Tenser, head of Tigon films  A more obscure figure the film ridicules is Louis "Deke" M  Heyward, the London representative of AIP (American International Pictures), who had previously clashed with the film's writer Michael Armstrong in 1969 during the making of Armstrong's directing debut, The Haunted House of Horror  In Eskimo Nell Heyward is parodied as "Big Dick", a crass, foul-mouthed American producer from "A W P Films", and the backer of the hardcore porno version  A similar character had previously appeared in Armstrong's script for The Sex Thief in 1973 
A pre-fame Mary Millington, then just a jobbing actress and model using her married name Mary Maxted, has a small role in the film as a stripping traffic warden who auditions for a part in the film within a film   Although Millington appears only fleetingly (with her audition speeded up for comic effect), stills from her scene were used to publicize the film in magazines including Titbits and Cinema X 
The film is not to be confused with Richard Franklin's 1975 film The True Story of Eskimo Nell which was released in the UK as Dick Down Under  Campbell's film was re-titled The Sexy Saga of Naughty Nell and Big Dick in Australia 
Long half financed with Eagle films  He was a director by then but let Martin Campbell direct because he "thought he was very talented"  Long says the film is loosely based on fact and real people who were in the film industry 

Home media
Eskimo Nell was released in a 'special edition' DVD and Blu-ray on 16 February 2015, to celebrate its 40th anniversary (the film was originally released in London in January 1975)  The new edition has been digitally re-mastered at Pinewood Studios and comes with several extra features including the original theatrical trailer (unseen since 1975), an audio commentary by the film's actor-writer Michael Armstrong and film historian Simon Sheridan, an 8-page booklet, plus an extensive stills gallery and a newly re-mastered version of Mary Millington's short 1974 film Wild Lovers 
Passage 10:
Moment of Danger
Moment of Danger (also known as Malaga) is a 1960 British crime drama film starring Trevor Howard, Dorothy Dandridge and Edmund Purdom  It was filmed in Europe in the late months of 1959 
The film is based on the novel by Donald MacKenzie, and it was brought to the screen by David D  Osborn  The film proved to be the final completed film for Dorothy Dandridge 

Plot
Starting with a wordless jewel heist pulled-off by thief Peter Curran and locksmith John Bain, Curran then double-crosses his accomplice, dumps his lover Gianna and escapes with his ill-gotten gains   In the aftermath Gianna teams up with Bain and the two of them decide to even the score with Curran, developing feelings for each other along the way 

Cast
Trevor Howard as John Bain
Dorothy Dandridge as Gianna
Edmund Purdom as Peter Carran
Michael Hordern as Inspector Farrell
Paul Stassino as Juan Montoya
John Bailey as Cecil
Alfred Burke as Shapley
Peter Illing as Pawnbroker
Martin Boddey as Sir John Middleburgh

Background
Before the film's release, Jet magazine said it "concerns a girl     and a man     who, broke and stranded, are on the run from the law   (at one point) the girl goes out and gets money as a prostitute "  One author describes Michael Hordern's appearance in the movie as a "sympathetic copper who knows that Trevor Howard is a jewel thief – thanks to Howard's double-crossing partner Edmond Purdom – but lacks the evidence to make an arrest "In the film Dorothy Dandridge was cast as a woman of colour of European descent with the Italian name of Gianna   In some pre-release publicity, one magazine article made a point of saying that when Trevor Howard's character kissed Dorothy, it was the first time in her career that she had received an on-screen kiss from a white man  This was not so as the actors barely touched throughout, but director László Benedek created some strongly understated sexual tension  The actress' first screen kiss so described occurred when starring with German actor Curd Jürgens in the 1958 Italian production Tamango 
Context 2: Passage 1:
Keith Baxter (actor)
Keith Baxter (born 29 April 1933) is a Welsh theatre, film and television actor 

Early years and RADA
Born in Newport, Monmouthshire, in 1933, the son of a Merchant Navy sea captain, he was christened Keith Stanley Baxter-Wright and lived for a time in Romilly Road, Barry, Glamorgan  He was educated at Newport High School and Barry Grammar School  His early introduction to the stage was from his interest in making model theatres and stage scenery  He studied at London's Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts, during which period he shared a flat with a classmate, Alan Bates  He made his film debut in the 1957 remake of The Barretts of Wimpole Street and appeared uncredited as a detective in the British horror classic Peeping Tom (1960) 

Films
In 1960, Orson Welles selected Baxter to portray Prince Hal in his stage production Chimes at Midnight, which combined portions of the Shakespearean plays Henry IV, Part I, Henry IV, Part II, Henry V, Richard II, and The Merry Wives of Windsor and brought the comic figure of Falstaff to the forefront of a primarily tragic tale  Baxter repeated his performance in the 1965 film version  Additional film credits include Ash Wednesday (1973; with Elizabeth Taylor), Golden Rendezvous (1977), and Killing Time (1998) 

Broadway
In 1961, Baxter made his Broadway debut as King Henry VIII in A Man for All Seasons  Other New York City stage credits include The Affair (1962), Avanti! (1968), Sleuth (1970), Romantic Comedy (1980) and The Woman in Black (2001) 

Other selected theatrical appearances
Macbeth, Birmingham Repertory Theatre, Birmingham, England, 1972
Vershinin, Three Sisters, Greenwich Theatre, London, 1973
Benedick, Much Ado about Nothing, Royal Lyceum Theatre, Edinburgh, Scotland, 1973
Antony, Antony and Cleopatra, Stratford Festival Theatre, Stratford, Ontario, 1976
Witwoud, The Way of the World, Stratford Festival Theatre, 1976
Vershinin, Three Sisters, Stratford Festival Theatre, 1976
King, The Red Devil Battery Sign, Round House Theatre, then Phoenix Theatre, both London, 1977
Lord Illingworth, A Woman of No Importance, Chichester Festival Theatre, 1978
Antony, Antony and Cleopatra, Young Vic Theatre, London, 1982
Elyot, Private Lives, Aldwych Theatre, London, 1990
Cassius, Julius Caesar, Hartford Stage Company, 1990-1991
The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui, Chichester and The Duchess Theatre, 2013

Directing
The Red Devil Battery Sign, Roundhouse and Phoenix Theatre, 1977
Time and the Conways, 1988–89
Rope, Chichester Festival Theatre then Wyndham's Theatre, 1994
Dangerous Corner, Chichester Festival Theatre, 1994, and Whitehall Theatre, 1995
Gaslight
After October, 1996–97
SilhouetteBaxter has regularly directed shows at Shakespeare Theatre Company in Washington D C , including:
The Country Wife (2000)
The Rivals (2003)
Lady Windermere's Fan (2003)
The Imaginary Invalid (2008)
The Rivals (2009)
Mrs  Warren's Profession (2010)
An Ideal Husband (2011)
The Importance of Being Earnest

Cleopatra
Baxter was signed for the role of Octavian "Augustus" Caesar opposite Elizabeth Taylor's Cleopatra in the 1963 film of Cleopatra  Taylor's bout of pneumonia, soon after filming began, temporarily shut down filming  By the time she recovered, Baxter had other commitments and Roddy McDowall assumed the role  Baxter co-starred with Taylor in the film Ash Wednesday (1973)  He also later played Mark Antony opposite Maggie Smith's Cleopatra in Antony and Cleopatra at the Stratford Festival in Canada in 1976 

Television work
Baxter's television work includes appearances in Gideon's Way, The Avengers, Hawaii Five-O, Thriller(1976) and the 1998 mini-series Merlin 

Other work
Baxter is the author of My Sentiments Exactly, memoirs  He has written several plays including 56 Duncan Terrace, Cavell and Barnaby and the Old Boys 
In 1971, he recorded an LP of several of the short stories of Saki for Caedmon Records under the title Reginald on House-Parties, and Other Stories He is an associate member of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art

Theatre awards
1962 Theatre World Award for A Man for All Seasons
1971 Drama Desk Award for Sleuth

Filmography
Film
Television
Passage 2:
Helge Schneider
Helge Schneider (born 30 August 1955 in Mülheim an der Ruhr) is a German entertainer, comedian, musician, author, film and theatre director, and actor  He frequently appears on German television and is probably best known for his song "Katzeklo" (Kitty Litter Box): "Katzeklo, Katzeklo, ja das macht die Katze froh" ("Kitty litter tray, kitty litter tray, that's what makes the kitty gay [happy] "), which spent 17 weeks on the German music charts in 1994, peaking at number 13 

Discography
1987: The Last Jazz
1989: Seine größten Erfolge (His greatest hits)
1990: New York, I'm Coming
1991: Hörspiele Vol 1 (1979–1984) (Radio dramas)
1992: Hörspiele Vol 2 (1985–1987)
1992: Guten Tach (Hello there)
1993: Es gibt Reis, Baby (We're gonna have some rice, baby)
1995: Es rappelt im Karton (Rumble in the cardboard box)
1997: Da Humm
1998: Helge 100% live – The Berlin Tapes (live album)
1999: Eiersalat in Rock (Egg salad in rock, released as Helge and the Firefuckers)
1999: Jazz (& Hardcore)
2000: Hefte raus – Klassenarbeit! (live album; Workbooks out – exam time!)
2003: Out of Kaktus!
2004: Füttern verboten (live album; Please don't feed)
2007: I Brake Together (a complex German-English wordplay: The German expression for I am collapsing (Ich breche zusammen) can be literally translated as I break (not: brake) together)
2007: Akopalüze Nau (live album; parody of "Apocalypse Now")
2013: Sommer, Sonne, Kaktus (Summer, sun, cactus)
2014: Live at the Grugahalle – 20 Jahre Katzeklo (Evolution!) (live album)
2017: Heart Attack No  1 (feat  Pete York)
2019: Partypeople (beim Fleischer) (Partypeople (At the Butcher))
2020: Mama

Filmography
As director
1982: The Privatier (not published)
1987: Stangenfieber (Stick fever)
1993: Texas – Doc Snyder hält die Welt in Atem (Texas – Doc Snyder sets the world aghast)
1994: 00 Schneider – Jagd auf Nihil Baxter (00 Schneider – The hunt for Nihil Baxter)
1996: Praxis Dr  Hasenbein (Dr  Hareleg's Practice)
2004: Jazzclub – Der frühe Vogel fängt den Wurm (Jazzclub – the early bird catches the worm)
2013: 00 Schneider – Im Wendekreis der Eidechse (The Tropic of Gecko)

As actor
1986: Johnny Flash as Johnny Flash
1994: Felidae as Jesaja (voice only)
2004: 7 Dwarves – Men Alone in the Wood as "The White (or Wise) Helge"
2004: Traumschiff Surprise – Periode 1 (singing)
2007: Mein Führer – Die wirklich wahrste Wahrheit über Adolf Hitler as Adolf Hitler
Passage 3:
Beryl Baxter
Beryl Baxter (8 April 1926 - 29 November 2012) was a British film actress whose career spanned the 1940s to the 1970s 

Early and personal life
Beryl Ivory was born in Birmingham, England on 8 April 1926  Adopting the stage name Beryl Baxter, she had hopes of becoming the new Margaret Lockwood  She made her film debut in 1948, taking a leading role in Idol of Paris  She married Bernard Gross in 1952 

Filmography
The Idol of Paris – Theresa (1948)
The Man Who Disappeared – Doreen (1951)
Counterspy – (uncredited; 1953)
The Mayerling Affair – Princess Stephanie (1956)
Encounter (TV series) – Pamela Brooks (one episode: "Depth 300"; 1958)
Charles Tupper: The Big Man – (1961)
The Avengers (TV series) – Helen Rayner (one episode: "The Outside-In Man"; 1964)
The Protectors  – Miss  Nicholson (one episode: "The Stamp Collection"; 1964)
Undermind (TV series) – Veronica (one episode: "End Signal"; 1965)
Love Story (TV series) – Ivy Burns (one episode: "The Sad Smile of the Mona Lisa"; 1965)
Thirteen Against Fate –  Madame Fabien (one episode, entitled 'The Son') (1966)
Detective (TV Series) – Mrs  Stephenson (one episode, entitled 'The Public School Murder') (1969)
Crime of Passion (TV series) – Mme  Juhan (episode: "Magdalena"; 1971)
Passage 4:
Darren Baxter (English footballer)
Darren Baxter (born 26 October 1981) is an English former professional footballer 

Playing career
Baxter was born in Brighton and began his football career as a trainee with Chelsea  He left Chelsea in the 2000–2001 season at the end of his three-year traineeship  On leaving Chelsea he joined Heart of Midlothian, but having missed the transfer deadline was restricted to playing for their reserve side 
He joined Worthing in the summer of 2001, but moved to St Albans City in March 2002, having played one match on loan for them in October 2001  In 2003, he played abroad in the USL Pro Select League with New York Freedom In 2004, he joined USL A-League side Toronto Lynx, making his debut for the club on 1 May 2004 in a match against the Rochester Rhinos in a 4–0 defeat  In his first season with the Lynx, Baxter recorded 4 goals and 2 assists, which ranked him third in scoring for the Lynx in his rookie season  When the season came to a conclusion he was awarded team's Best Offensive Player award  In 2005, Baxter was acquired by the Oakville Blue Devils in the Canadian Professional Soccer League after Duncan Wilde was appointed the new head coach  He made his debut for the club on 5 June 2005 in a 2–1 victory over the Vaughan Shooters  He helped Oakville finish second in the western conference allowing the club to clinch a playoff berth, which ultimately resulted in the club claiming the CPSL Championship 
On 18 April 2006 Baxter re-signing with the Lynx was announced in a press conference which revealed the 2006 team roster  He appeared in eight matches for the club in the 2006 season On 9 January 2007, he returned to England, joining Torquay United, making his debut as a half-time substitute for Chris McPhee in the 5–0 defeat away to Mansfield Town on 30 January 2007  However, this was to be his only appearance for Torquay, as along with Nathan Simpson, he left on 6 February 2007, having learnt that his initial one-month contract was not going to be renewed In October 2007, Baxter joined Dorchester Town on trial, scoring in a reserve game against Torquay United's reserve team 
Passage 5:
Charles Baxter (author)
Charles Morley Baxter  (born May 13, 1947) is an American novelist, essayist, and poet 

Biography
Baxter was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, to John and Mary Barber (Eaton) Baxter  He graduated from Macalester College in Saint Paul in 1969  In 1974 he received his PhD in English from the University at Buffalo with a thesis on Djuna Barnes, Malcolm Lowry, and Nathanael West Baxter taught high school in Pinconning, Michigan for a year before beginning his university teaching career at Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan  He then moved to the University of Michigan, where for many years he directed the Creative Writing MFA program  He was a visiting professor of creative writing at the University of Iowa and at Stanford  He taught at the University of Minnesota and in the Warren Wilson College MFA Program for Writers  He retired in 2020  
He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1985  He received the PEN/Malamud Award in 2021 for Excellence in the Short Story He married teacher Martha Ann Hauser in 1976, and has a son, Daniel  Baxter and Hauser eventually separated 

Works
Novels
First Light (1987)  An eminent astrophysicist and her brother, a small-town Buick salesman, discover how they grew so far apart and the bonds of love that still keep them together 
Shadow Play (1993)  As his wife does gymnastics and magic tricks, his crazy mother invents her own vocabulary, and his aunt writes her own version of the Bible, Five Oaks Assistant City Manager Wyatt Palmer tries to live a normal life and nearly succeeds, but   
The Feast of Love (2000) (Pantheon Books), a reimagined Midsummer Night's Dream, a story told through the eyes of several different people  Nominated for the National Book Award   A film version of the book, starring Morgan Freeman, Fred Ward and Greg Kinnear and directed by Robert Benton, was released in 2007 
Saul and Patsy (2003)  A teacher's marriage and identity are threatened by a dangerously obsessed teenage boy at his school 
The Soul Thief (2008)  A graduate student's complicated relationships lead to a disturbing case of identity theft, which ultimately leads the man to wonder if he really is who he thinks he is 
The Sun Collective (2020, Pantheon Books)  The lives of two very different couples—one retired, one in their twenties—intersect in Minneapolis around an anti-capitalist collective arguing for revolution, as an underground group of extremists wage war on the homeless 

Short story collections
Harmony of the World (1984)  Winner of the Associated Writing Programs Award 
Through the Safety Net (1985)
A Relative Stranger (1990)
Believers (1997)
Gryphon: New and Selected Stories (2011)
There's Something I Want You to Do: Stories (February 2015)

Non-fiction
Burning Down the House: Essays on Fiction (1997)
The Art of Subtext: Beyond Plot (2007)   Winner of the 2008 Minnesota Book Award for General Non-fiction 
Wonderlands: Essays on the Life of Literature (2022)

Poetry collections
Chameleon (1970)
The South Dakota Guidebook (1974)
Imaginary Paintings (1989)

Edited works
The Business of  Memory (1999)
Best New American Voices 2001 (2001)
Bringing the Devil to His Knees: The Craft of Fiction and the Writing Life (2001)
A William Maxwell Portrait: Memories and Appreciations (2004)
Passage 6:
Mike Baxter (athlete)
Michael Ian Baxter (born 1945), is a male retired international athlete and current coach 

Athletics career
Baxter finished fourth in the 1968 AAA Championships and finished runner-up in the 1969 Northern cross-country  He trained with Brendan Foster and was selected for Great Britain's team for the 1969 European Athletics Championships in Athens, and the 1971 European Athletics Championships in Helsinki 
He represented England in the 5,000 metres, at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, Scotland His best year came in 1971 when he became AAA National 5000m champion and competed in the 1971 European Athletics Championships  He was a member of the Leeds City Club 

Coaching
Since retiring from competitive racing he has coached athletes 
Passage 7:
Esther Baxter
Esther Baxter (born September 24, 1984) is an American model and actress 

Biography
Baxter rose to prominence after being featured in the music video for Petey Pablo's single "Freek-a-Leek" in 2004  Since then, she has appeared in several music videos, including Ludacris's "Number One Spot", Will Smith's "Switch", Nelly's "Shake Ya Tailfeather" and Kanye West's "The New Workout Plan"  In addition to video success, she has also been in a number of magazines, such as Smooth, VIBE, King, and XXL She has been dubbed "Miss Freek-a-Leek" due to her appearance in Petey Pablo's video As of August 2007, Baxter has retired from modeling and video shoots in order to attend college She was featured on the cover of King's September/October 2011 issue  In an interview, she spoke about her transition from modeling to acting She is of African-American, Norwegian, Puerto Rican, Cuban and Indian descent 

Personal life
She took a two-year hiatus to stay at home and raise her son, Cayden, from a previous relationship 

See also
Hip hop models
Passage 8:
Werner Abrolat
Werner Abrolat (15 August 1924 – 24 August 1997) was a German actor best known for his role as various characters in the West German crime-drama television series Tatort 
After a long career at provincial theatres in West-Germany Abrolat appeared in a number of Spaghetti Westerns in the mid-1960s, such as a member of Indio's gang in the 1965 Sergio Leone film For a Few Dollars More 
In the early 1970s he made a number of films as a voice actor providing the voice for the character of Tjure in Vicky the Viking  He played Polizeipräsident in 00 Schneider – Jagd auf Nihil Baxter (1994)  From the mid-1970s he mostly appeared in German films and German television until his death in 1997 

Filmography
Passage 9:
00 Schneider – Jagd auf Nihil Baxter
00 Schneider – Jagd auf Nihil Baxter (The Search for Nihil Baxter)  is a German comedy-film directed by Helge Schneider  It was released on 22 December 1994 
He wrote the script as well as the music, did film direction, and played the main character and several additional roles 

Plot
The funny clown Bratislav Metulskie is found dead in circus "Apollo"  The retired commissioner 00 Schneider is asked to assume control of the case  Schneider and his aged sidekick Körschgen investigate to find the murderer, Nihil Baxter, a passionate art collector who is a little nuts and does not cultivate social contacts at all  Commissioner Schneider investigates at the circus and pays Baxter a visit  Baxter makes up an alibi and claims that he was working on a painting when the murder took place  The Sidekick Körschgen finds out that the picture is an imitation  When Baxter tries to escape to Rio by plane after he stole a sculpture from the practice of Dr  Hasenbein, 00 Schneider and his sidekick are also on board  As they are incognito, they are able to arrest the criminal with the help of the world-famous "sniffer dog nose" pilot 

Main cast
Helge Schneider - 00 Schneider/Nihil Baxter/Professor Hasenbein/Johnny Flash
Helmut Körschgen - Körschgen
Andreas Kunze - Friend of 00 Schneider
Werner Abrolat - Chief of Police
Bratislav Metulskie - Metulskie
Guenther Kordas - Ringmaster
Passage 10:
Dillon Baxter
Dillon Baxter (born October 23, 1991) is a former American football running back and wide receiver 

Early years
Baxter prepped at Mission Bay Senior High School in San Diego, California, where he played quarterback, running back, and wide receiver as a senior  Mission Bay went 13–0 and won the CIF San Diego Division IV title in 2009  Baxter won the prestigious Silver Pigskin Trophy, awarded annually to San Diego County's most outstanding football player, chosen by KUSI television's Prep Pigskin Report  In addition, Baxter was a consensus High School All-American and also won the Hall Trophy  He chose to attend USC on an athletic scholarship 

College career
Baxter joined the University of Southern California in 2010  In November, he was ruled temporarily ineligible for accepting benefits from an NFLPA-certified agent, but was later reinstated 
On October 25, 2011, ESPN reported that Baxter had been taken off the USC football team, but was still enrolled at the university  Baxter then transferred to San Diego State University and was scheduled to miss the 2012 season due to NCAA transfer restrictions  On February 29, 2012, however, he has been dismissed from the SDSU football program for "various reasons" 
See 2012 Heart of America Athletic Conference football seasonIn May 2012, Baxter enrolled at Baker University, a small NAIA school in Baldwin City, Kansas 
In 2013, he rushed for 1025 yards on 205 carries 
A March 10, 2014 article in The San Diego Union-Tribune indicated that Baxter had matured and was preparing for the NFL 

Professional career
In 2014 Baxter was signed to the Seattle Seahawks' practice squad by Pete Carroll, the coach who formerly recruited him at USC, but he did not make the cut  Baxter also tried out for the Los Angeles Chargers 
On January 24, 2017, Baxter was released by the Arizona Rattlers of the Indoor Football League (IFL)  He was re-signed just two days later  He was released again on February 9, 2017 
Context 3: Passage 1:
Stranger on Horseback
Stranger on Horseback is a 1955 American Anscocolor Western film directed by Jacques Tourneur and starring Joel McCrea  The screenplay is based on a story by Louis L'Amour  It was filmed in and around Sedona, Arizona 

Plot
Rick Thorne, a circuit judge, rides into Bannerman and discovers everything in town is controlled by rich rancher Josiah Bannerman and his kin  He meets sheriff Nat Bell and district attorney Buck Streeter and asks why Bannerman's arrogant son, Tom, got away with killing a man without an arrest or trial 
Offered no assistance, Thorne stands up to Tom and then jails him  He becomes acquainted with Bannerman's beautiful niece, Amy Lee, who is attracted to Thorne but doubts her cousin Tom is a cold-blooded killer 
Thorne finds allies in Caroline and Vince Webb, who own a gun shop and are willing to testify with evidence against Tom in court  Thorne realizes he needs to sneak Tom and the Webbs to a different town if he's to get a fair trial  Bannerman and his men pursue them, and Amy Lee watches as Tom deliberately causes Vince Webb's death  In time, Thorne gets the prisoner to the next town safely, and Amy Lee goes to court to back him up 

Cast
Joel McCrea as Judge Richard 'Rick' Thorne
Miroslava as Amy Lee Bannerman
Kevin McCarthy as Tom Bannerman
John McIntire as Josiah Bannerman
John Carradine as Col  Buck Streeter
Nancy Gates as Caroline Webb
Emile Meyer as Sheriff Nat Bell
Robert Cornthwaite as Arnold Hammer
Jaclynne Greene as Paula Morrison
Walter Baldwin as Vince Webb
Emmett Lynn as Barfly
Roy Roberts as Sam Kettering
George Keymas as Bannerman's Henchman
Lane Bradford as Kettering Henchman (uncredited)
Dabbs Greer as Hotel Clerk (uncredited)
Frank Hagney as Bartender (uncredited)

See also
List of American films of 1955
Passage 2:
La Morte Vivante
La Morte Vivante (English: The Living Dead Girl) is a 1982 French horror-drama film directed by Jean Rollin and starring Marina Pierro, Francoise Blanchard, Mike Marshall, Carina Barone, Fanny Magier, Patricia Besnard-Rousseau and Sam Selsky  The story involves a young woman who has returned from the dead and needs human blood in order to survive 

Plot
Two men break into an old crypt, seeking to dump toxic waste and rob the graves  When an earthquake causes the toxic waste to spill, Catherine Valmont, a young woman who died several years ago, is resurrected  She viciously kills the thieves and drinks their blood  As Catherine walks aimlessly through a field, Barbara spots her and takes a few photos, though Barbara's boyfriend, Greg, takes no notice  Catherine returns to her old house, the Valmont Mansion, and memories of her childhood come back to her, especially her childhood friend, Hélène  As Catherine wanders the house, a real estate agent shows an old couple around the property, though they show little interest  After they leave, Hélène calls the house, presumably inquiring about it  However, she hears nothing but a cherished music box, leading her to believe that Catherine may still be alive 
The agent later returns to the Valmont Mansion, along with her boyfriend  Catherine interrupts them having sex, killing both and drinking their blood  Hélène arrives and is shocked to discover the dead bodies  When she finds Catherine, naked and playing the piano, she assumes that Catherine didn't really die but was actually hidden for the past two years  Hélène washes the blood off Catherine, puts her to bed, and drags the bodies down to the crypt, where she discovers the bodies of the grave robbers  Catherine creeps down and begins to drink the blood from one of the bodies, but Hélène stops her  Hélène cuts her arm and lets Catherine drink her blood, until she can think of a way to supply her friend with blood 
Barbara goes around the village asking about the woman in her photograph, but the answer is always the same: It is Catherine Valmont, and she died two years ago  Greg thinks Barbara is making too much of it, and discourages her from investigating further  Meanwhile, Hélène tries to understand what is happening to Catherine, trying to teach her to speak again  Deciding to bring her victims, Hélène pretends to be out of fuel and flags down a helpful motorist, drawing her back to the mansion  Hélène offers the woman a drink and locks her in  The woman soon begins to panic, but Hélène throws her in the crypt, where Catherine grabs her and rips her stomach out  Soon after, Barbara shows up at the Valmont mansion, seeking Catherine  Unsettled by Catherine's behavior, she attempts to phone Greg, but Hélène confronts her  They argue, and Hélène tries to take Barbara's camera  Barbara flees 
Catherine, now more in touch with her humanity, realizes that she must be destroyed  She begs Hélène to kill her, but Hélène instead goes back to the village, to bring Catherine another victim  Barbara sees Hélène and eventually convinces Greg to accompany her to the mansion, in order to help Catherine  Hélène tortures the kidnapped girl, but Catherine rejects the unwilling sacrifice and frees her, telling her to return to the village and seek help  Drawn by the screams, Barbara and Greg go to investigate, but they are brutally murdered by Hélène  Overwhelmed by all the death and murder, Catherine attempts suicide, but she is rescued by Hélène, who offers herself to sate Catherine's hunger  Unable to resist, Catherine devours her friend alive 

Cast
Marina Pierro as Hélène
Françoise Blanchard as Catherine Valmont ("The Living Dead Girl")
Mike Marshall as Greg
Carina Barone as Barbara Simon
Fanny Magiere as 6th Victim (as Fanny Magieri)
Patricia Besnard-Rousseau
Véronique Pinson (as Veronique Pinson)
Sandrine Morel as Teenage Catherine Valmont
Sam Selsky as Old American man in the house of Catherine

Production
Rollin originally sought Italian actress Teresa Ann Savoy for the title role, but when she met him, Savoy said she would never work with Rollin under any circumstances  Instead, Blanchard was cast  She found the shooting to be physically exhausting and collapsed on the set  Blanchard's performance in the ending scene in which Catherine devours Hélène and descends into madness was so believable that the crew were worried for her mental state, thinking that she had in fact gone mad 
Rollin met Pierro at the Sitges Film Festival, casting her for her strong personality, but finding her vain 

Release
The original release was 25 August 1982  Alternate titles included The Living Dead Girl, Lady Dracula, Queen Zombie and Scare: Dead or Alive 

Censorship
La morte vivante was banned in Germany in 1986 for its explicit scenes of violence and gore  The film was released direct-to-video in the United Kingdom in 1994; however, most of these scenes were removed or shortened by the BBFC in order for the film to pass with an 18 certificate  A scene in which Catherine impales a woman's throat which her sharp fingernail was edited; one in which a female victim is disemboweled by Catherine was slightly cut to remove some of the prolonged gore; a scene in which Hélène slashes at a teenage girl's navel area was completely removed; the ending scene where Catherine eats Hélène alive was somewhat trimmed down; and the shot where Hélène's thumb is bitten off was cut  Some of these scenes were waived for the 2000 release, which also premiered on UK television for the first time in 2005 when it was screened on The Horror Channel  The film was eventually passed uncut in the UK in 2007 

Reception
Bloody Disgusting rated the Blu-ray release 3 out of 5, saying that the film has plenty of flaws but is worth watching 

Home media
In the United States, La morte vivante was initially released on DVD in an edited version on 9 November 1999, and was available in a "Widescreen Edition" via Image Entertainment and Redemption  It was re-released on DVD, complete and uncut for the first time, on 25 October 2010 by Redemption  Kino Lorber and Redemption released a Blu-ray version, as well as a remastered DVD on 7 August 2012, featuring an intro by Rollin, several featurettes and interviews, and a 12-page booklet In the United Kingdom, the film was first made available on VHS format in a direct-to-video release in 1994  It was issued on DVD on 2 May 2000, followed by a reissued VHS version on 8 May 2000  The DVD contained a cropped 4:3 aspect ratio, which was a transfer from the original video release and reversible cover artwork  Redemption released two subsequent DVD editions in the UK, the first on 3 September 2007, presenting the film complete and uncensored for the first time  The second was released on 18 May 2015, containing newly commissioned artwork La morte vivante, under the title The Living Dead Girl, received a Blu-ray release in the UK in 2018  Released by Black House Films, this version of the film has a 1:78:1 aspect ratio 
The complete uncut version was released by Encore in Europe on 30 November 2005 in a 2-DVD set with a new aspect ratio of 16:9/1 78:1  The special features included introductions by Blanchard (in French with English subtitles) and Rollin, selected scenes commentary by Blanchard (in French with English subtitles), a bonus soundtrack CD, a 64-page essay booklet, and interviews (all in French with English subtitles) with Blanchard, Jean-Pierre Bouyxou and composer Philippe d'Aram 
Passage 3:
La Morte
La Morte (French pronunciation: ​[la mɔʁt]) is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France 

Population
See also
Communes of the Isère department
Passage 4:
Jacques Tourneur
Jacques Tourneur (French: [tuʁnœʁ]; November 12, 1904 – December 19, 1977) was a French film director known for the classic film noir Out of the Past and a series of low-budget horror films he made for RKO Radio Pictures by Val Lewton, including Cat People, I Walked with a Zombie, and The Leopard Man  He is also known for directing Night of the Demon, which was released by Columbia Pictures  While in Hollywood, he was usually addressed by his anglicized name "Jack Turner", a literal and phonetic translation of his name in English 

Life
Born in Paris, France, Tourneur was the son of Fernande Petit and film director Maurice Tourneur  At age 10, Jacques moved to the United States with his father  He started a career in cinema while still attending high school as an extra and later as a script clerk in various silent films  Both Maurice and Jacques returned to France after his father worked on the film The Mysterious Island in 1925  Tourneur died in 1977, aged 73, in Bergerac, Dordogne, France 

Career
Tourneur began work as an editor and assistant director  He made his debut as a director on the French film Tout ça ne vaut pas l'amour in 1931  Tourneur went to Hollywood in 1934 where he had a contract with MGM Studios  While working as the second unit director on the film A Tale of Two Cities he met film producer Val Lewton Tourneur made his feature debut as director in the 1939 film They All Come Out  After Tourneur was dropped by MGM in 1941, he was picked up by Lewton to film several acclaimed low-budget horror films for RKO Studios including Cat People and I Walked with a Zombie Cat People, although considered a B movie and made on a limited budget, was distinguished by a style of lighting and cinematography that has been imitated countless times  Tourneur was promoted to the A-list at RKO, directing films including Out of the Past and Berlin Express  In the 1950s, Tourneur became a freelance director, filming various genre films including Wichita, Anne of the Indies, Way of a Gaucho, Nightfall, The Flame and the Arrow, Stars In My Crown and Night of the Demon  His last two films, made for American International Pictures and starring Vincent Price, were The Comedy of Terrors (1963) and War-Gods of the Deep (1965) After his final days working for film, Tourneur began directing television episodes  Tourneur filmed episodes of The Barbara Stanwyck Show, Bonanza, The Twilight Zone, and The Alaskans  Tourneur's final director credit was for an episode of T H E  Cat in 1966  Tourneur then retired and returned to France 

Filmography
Director
Feature films

Short films

TV
1955-1961 : General Electric Theater, 4 episodes
1955 : The Martyr
1955 : Into the Night
1960 : Aftermath
1961 : Star Witness: The Lili Parrish Story
1956 : Fireside Theater, 3 episodes
1956 : A Hero Returns
1956 : Kirsti
1956 : The Mirror
1957 : Schlitz Playhouse of Stars, 1 episode
1957 : Outlaw's Boots
1957 : The Walter Winchell File, 3 episodes
1957 : The Steep Hill
1958 : House on Biscayne Bay
1958 : The Stopover
1958 : Cool and Lam, CBS Productions
1958 : Northwest Passage, 8 episodes
1958 : The Gunsmith
1958 : The Burning Village
1958 : The Bond Women
1959 : The Break Out
1959 : The Vulture
1959 : The Traitor
1959 : The Assassin
1959 : The Hostage
1959 : Bonanza, 1 episode
1960 : Denver McKee
1959 : The Alaskans, 1 episode
1960 : The Devil Makers
1960 : The Barbara Stanwyck Show, 11 episodes
1960 : The Mink Coat
1960 : Ironbark's Bridge
1960 : The Miraculous Journey of Tadpole Chan
1961 : Frightened Doll
1961 : The Choice
1961 : Sign of the Zodiac
1961 : Adventure on Happiness Street
1961 : The Golden Acres
1961 : Confession
1961 : Dragon by the Tail
1961 : Dear Charlie
1962 : Adventures in Paradise, 1 episode
1962 : A Bride for the Captain
1962 : Follow the Sun, 1 episode
Sergeant Kolchak Fades Away
1963 : The Twilight Zone, 1 episode
1963 : Night Call
1966 : T H E  Cat, 1 episode
1966 : The Ring of Anasis

Assistant director or editor
1929 : Le Navire des hommes perdus (Das schiff der verlorenen menschen), directed by Maurice Tourneur
1930 : Accusée, Levez vous, directed by Maurice Tourneur
1931 : Maison de danses, directed by Maurice Tourneur
1931 : Partir, directed by Maurice Tourneur
1932 : Au nom de la Loi, directed by Maurice Tourneur
1932 : Les Gaités de l'escadron, directed by Maurice Tourneur (Editor)
1933 : Les Deux Orphelines, directed by Maurice Tourneur (Editor)
1993 : Lidoire, directed by Maurice Tourneur 
1933 : Obsession, directed by Maurice Tourneur (uncredited)
1933 : La Fusée, directed by Jacques Natanson (Editor)
1933 : Le Voleur, directed by Maurice Tourneur
1934 : Rothchild, directed by Maurice Tourneur (Editor)
1935 : A Tale of Two Cities, directed by Jack Conway, war sequences, (séquence de la prise de la Bastille) 

Posterity
La Mort en direct (1980), film by Bertrand Tavernier is dedicated to deceased film director Jacques Tourneur
”There are films that watch us grow old ” Serge Daney  Quoted by Serge Le Péron in (Jacques Tourneur Le Médium), film by Alain Mazars, 2015  
By naming the main character Jessica Holland in his film Memoria (2021),  Apichatpong Weerasethakul pays tribute to Jacques Tourneur’s film I Walked with a Zombie 
Passage 5:
Jean Rollin
Jean Michel Rollin Roth Le Gentil (French: [ʒɑ̃ mˈɪt‍ʃə‍l ɹˈə‍ʊlɪn lˈə d‍ʒˈɛnt]; 3 November 1938 – 15 December 2010) was a French film director, actor, and novelist best known for his work in the fantastique genre 
Rollin's career, spanning over fifty years, featured early short films and his achievements with his first four vampire classics Le viol du vampire (1968), La vampire nue (1970), Le frisson des vampires (1970), and Requiem pour un vampire (1971)  Rollin's subsequent notable works include La rose de fer (1973), Lèvres de sang (1975), Les raisins de la mort (1978), Fascination (1979), and La morte vivante (1982) His films are noted for their exquisite, if mostly static, cinematography, off-kilter plot progression, poetic dialogue, playful surrealism and recurrent use of well-constructed female lead characters  Outlandish dénouements and abstruse visual symbols were trademarks  Belied by high production values and precise craftsmanship, his films were made with little money, often against deadlines  In the mid-1970s, lack of regular work led the director to direct mostly pornographic films under various pseudonyms, an activity he continued until the early 1980s 

Early life
Jean Rollin was born in Neuilly-sur-Seine (now Hauts-de-Seine), France, to Claude Louis René Rollin-Roth-Le Gentil, an actor and theatre director who went by the stage name Claude Martin, and his wife Denise (née Leffroi), an artists' model  His half-brother was actor Olivier Rollin 

Career
Rollin had a passion for cinema from an early age   He saw his first film during the second World War  It was Capitaine Fracasse, a 1942 film directed by Abel Gance   Rollin decided he wanted to make films when he grew up; his father, a theatre actor, was a heavy influence on him   During his teens, he developed an obsession for American serials and read comic books   
When he was 16, he found a job at Les Films de Saturne, helping write invoices while earning some money though he wanted to be involved in cinema   They specialized in creating opening and closing credits and short cartoons, but real films were also shot such as industrial shorts and documentaries   Rollin was part of the crew in a short documentary about Snecma, a big factory in France which built motors and planes   He arranged the tracking shots, laid the tracks, checked the electricity, and helped the cameraman 
When Rollin did his military service for the French army, he worked as an editor in the cinema department alongside Claude Lelouch   They worked on army commercials with Lelouch directing and Rollin editing  They also made two films, Mechanographie, a documentary, and La Guerre de Silence (The War of Silence), a real film with actors and a story 
In 1958 after leaving the army, he directed his first short film Les Amours Jaunes (The Yellow Lovers)   He shot it on a 35mm Maurigraphe camera, and used a beach in Dieppe as his location, the same beach used in his later films 

1960s
In 1960, Rollin decided to direct his first feature film, but later abandoned the project as he had no money to finish it   His next short, Ciel de Cuivre (Sky of Copper), was directed in 1961, and was quite surreal though it told a sentimental story   He did not finish the film because he ran out of money and it was not very good   The footage is now lost 
In 1962, he was as an assistant director on the film Un Cheval pour Deux (A Horse for Two), which was not a great experience for him, and he decided to approach cinema in a different way   In the early sixties, Rollin became interested in politics and made a short documentary in 1964 called Vivre en Espagne (Life in Spain)  It was about Generalissimo Francisco Franco, thirty minutes were filmed but he risked a lot to get it made   Rollin and the crew found themselves pursued by the police and just managed to make it back into France   Jean also directed a short film in 1965 called Les Pays Loins 

In 1968, Jean directed his first feature Le Viol du Vampire (The Rape of the Vampire)   At the time he was still not known in the world of cinema, having only done a few short films and documentaries   The film was shot on a low budget, and consisted of two parts because it was originally intended to be another short film; the second part was later added so that it was released as a feature film   The release of Le Viol caused public scandal and outrage, his strong inspiration of American serials did not attract viewers   It was released during the events of May 1968, and due to the riots, it was a rare theatrical production at the time  Rollin himself was also threatened due to this scandal, because of this, he briefly decided to give up making films 
His second feature La Vampire Nue (The Nude Vampire) was his first film in colour   It was mostly inspired by the 1916 film Judex, and also surrealism in general  Rollin wanted to do something a little more temperate than Le Viol, a traditional mystery film  Anyway, as he himself stated, it came to be the same kind of film as his first feature, it also has the same spirit  La vampire nue also became notable in that it introduced Catherine and Marie-Pierre Castel, twin sisters who frequently collaborated with Rollin during the early years of his career 
Following La vampire nue, Rollin found himself in a financial crisis and having suffered an accident during production which left him traumatized, the circumstances took a positive turn when he met with producer Monique Nathan, owner of the Films Moderns company  Nathan having put her faith and support in Rollin, turned down several a number of the most prominent French New Wave filmmakers for financing and instead entirely supported Rollin as both a producer and a co-screenwriter for his next project, Le Frisson des Vampires (Shiver of the Vampires) which was heavily influenced by the trappings of the hippie movement  It did however retain many of the themes one could expect from a Rollin film and one of the most iconic scenes ever to appear in a Rollin film: actress Dominique emerging from an old grandfather clock  Production for the film took place in an abandoned castle in Soissons, a commune in the Aisne department of Picardy 

1970s
1971, Rollin directed Requiem pour un Vampire (Requiem for a Vampire), which became one of his most successful films, and it was another low budget production, which almost took no money to produce   There was no dialogue in the first forty minutes of the film, this was in Rollin's words to make the "ultimate naive film", simplifying the story, direction and cinematography  Initially, Rollin had Catherine Castel in mind to play one of the leading ladies in Requiem; however, Castel was unable to accept the role due to being pregnant, which forced Rolling to offer the role to Maire-Pierre  The second female lead was portrayed by Mireille D'argent whom Rollin chose after she was introduced to him by an agent  Rollin discovered that D'argent's agent was collecting her wages, which prompted him to contact a lawyer and have her wages returned to her  Requiem was filmed in the small village of Crêvecoeur  The graveyard was located outside the village on a knoll  The castle, a historical place entirely furnished with genuine antiques, all of which were worth a fortune, had been rented from the duchess of Roche-Guyon  It wasn't her castle that Rollin and the crew were interested in, but the ruins of the dungeon above, that overlooked the entire area  Following this, Rollin made a temporary departure to creating films associated with the erotic vampire genre 
Having risen to success during his early vampire era, Rollin embarked on a different approach to filmmaking  Rollin financed his 1973 film La Rose de Fer (The Iron Rose) himself and was convinced that it would become a failure, leading to financial ruin  Prior to production, he engaged in a deal with Impex films to direct a number of hardcore porn films in the near future in order to produce La rose de fer and ensure that it would not fail  The story follows two young lovers (Françoise Pascal and Hugues Quester) who meet at a wedding reception and agree to go on a date, for which they decide to take a walk in an enormous cemetery  As they make love in an underground tomb, strange and bizarre occurrences take place above ground  As night falls, they frantically try to escape from the cemetery, and with no luck, end up where they started  They are slowly overcome with hysteria and paranoia which brings about their mortality  The film was shot in the city of Amiens over a four-week period and premiered at the 2nd Annual Convention of the Fantastique in Paris in April 1973 and was initially met with a negative reception and as a result, Rollin was unable to find anyone to back his future personal projects Rollin directed the adult sex films Jeunes filles impudiques (Schoolgirl Hitchhikers), Le sourire vertical (The Vertical Smile), and Tout le monde il en a deux (Bacchanales sexuelles or Fly Me the French Way) under the pseudonym Michel Gentil as he was financially unable to come up with a budget for another mainstream feature film  However, in 1974 Rollin directed the horror adventure and self-proclaimed "Expressionist" film Les démoniaques which was inspired by the adventure classics he had enormous admiration for in his youth  The film includes Joëlle Cœur and Willy Braque whom Rollin worked with on Jeunes filles impudiques  The story follows two young women who have been involved in a shipwreck and are brutally raped and murdered by a group of rogue pirates, only to be resurrected after making love to the devil so that they can seek their revenge  Rollin had many disputes with the producers of the film during production of the project as they insisted on a low budget  He was hospitalized for two weeks following the work due to mental and physical exhaustion  Further problems would arise including the working title, Les diablesses, having to be changed as the copyright was not free of charge and with the Castel Twins being unavailable for the roles of the avenging ghosts, the parts where offered to inexperienced actresses Lieva Lone and Patricia Hermenier Rollin made a brief return to the erotic vampire genre in 1975 when he wrote and directed Lèvres de sang (Lips of Blood)  The film includes all the surreal dreamlike aspects for which Rollin's films are known  The story follows a young man named Frederic who is on a quest to find a woman dressed in white following the discovery of a photo of a ruined château  The photo triggers a suppressed childhood memory, which may be a dream  Despite his mother trying to convince him that it was dream, Frederic becomes fixated and obsessed with location the castle and the woman that may be inside  Lèvres de sang features Jean-Loup Philippe, whom Rollin co-wrote the film with, Annie Belle, and Nathalie Perrey, whom Rollin had worked with frequently throughout his career as a credited actress, script writer and editor  The film also sees the return of the Castel Twins as part of a group of vampires 
Due to the commercial failures of both La rose de fer and Lèvres de sang, Rollin again had no choice but to direct another adult sex film for financial reasons as there was no possible way to produce a feature film for the foreseeable future  Phantasmes (Once Upon a Virgin) was written and directed by Rollin for release in 1975 and was the first and only pornographic film in which he was credited under his own name because he liked what he did in the film  Rollin mentioned that the film is his "first and final attempt at a serious" adult film, wanting to create a film that didn't just "poke fun at sex"  The score for Phantasmes is considered one of the films best attributes, courtesy of composer Didier William Lepauw of Lèvres de sang Between 1976 and 1977, his work consisted strictly of hardcore pornographic films as there was a lack of money and producers reluctant to fund any new mainstream projects due to his previous commercial failures  Seven porn films were produced within this period under his pseudonym Michel Gentil, and one of which, Suce moi vampire (Suck Me Vampire: the hardcore version of Lèvres de sang), he credited himself as Michel Gand  His 1976 hardcore film Douces pénétraitions marked the final time the Castel Twins would appear together working for Rollin, and the final time Marie-Pierre would work with him altogether  Catherine would continue to appear in his films for several years 
Jean Rollin returned in 1978, when he wrote and directed Les raisins de la mort (The Grapes of Death) which has been considered the first French gore film  It has been described as one of the most pivotal films in his entire canon and is seen as a rare departure from his usual dreamlike and poetic works  Following the negative reception and commercial failures of his previous films and having to direct pornographic pictures, Rollin eventually gained financial backing to produce his next mainstream feature  The story here features a young woman, Elisabeth (Marie-Georges Pascal) who is travelling to a secluded vineyard in the mountains owned by her fiancé  There she discovers that the local residents who occupy the village have been transformed into mindless zombies by a dangerous pesticide which contaminated the grapes growing at the vineyard following a wine festival which occurred some days before 
The film includes pornographic actress Brigitte Lahaie, in her first mainstream role, as Rollin was the first French director to recognise her acting capabilities and offer her much more prominent roles in his subsequent films  Rollin stated that Les raisins de la mort was his "first traditional, almost conventional, production" which was because the film acquired solid finances with made a change and with special effects supplied by Italian experts  Claude Becognee served as director of photography which added to the film's success  Rollin would credit much of the film's success to Marie-Georges Pascal's portrayal of Elisabeth, whom he would recall delivered a very "moving" performance in the film  Les raisins de la mort was shot in the deserted mountain region of Les Cévennes 
The film is often referred to as being influenced by George A  Romero's Night of the Living Dead  However, it has more in common with Jorge Grau's 1974 Spanish-Italian horror film Let Sleeping Corpses Lie (also known as The Living Dead at Manchester Morgue)  The film does not follow the tradition zombie method, instead, Rollin's zombies centre on madness with a strong environmentally conscious message  As he has mentioned, the zombies "have retained their consciousness" and they finally "suffer for what they are"  With the film as a notable success, Rollin would continue with pornographic films under a new pseudonym, Robert Xavier, while retaining the Michel Gentil credit 
In 1979, and now established as a somewhat successful director, Rollin created Fascination in which he returned to the roots of the fantastique genre his early works are known for  The film is inspired by the short story Un verre de sang (A Glass of Blood) from French poet Jean Lorrain with tells the tale of wealthy French people, who, at the turn of the century, begin to drink the blood of bulls in order to cure anemia  The title of the film refers to and pays homage to a French magazine of the same name which is dedicated to different forms of eroticism in art  Rollin's story of Fascination differs slightly from that of Lorrain's novel, in that, in the year 1905 a group of wealthy Parisian women arrive at an abattoir to drink the blood of an ox as it is believed to be a curative for anemia  The central story follows two lovers Elizabeth and Eva (Franca Maï and Brigitte Lahaie respectively), chambermaids-in-waiting who reside at a deserted castle and are suddenly interrupted by a thief named Mark (Jean-Pierre Lemaire), who takes refuge at the castle in order to hide from a group of thieves he has stolen coins from  When Mark makes love to Eva, she is forced to go outside and confront the thieves in the nearby stables to make a deal; she is forced to have sex with one of the male thieves and subsequently they are murdered by Eva in an iconic scene with Eva wielding a scythe  It is soon revealed that Elizabeth and Eva are expecting a group of women to arrive where sensual love making takes place and the women are revealed to devour the blood of humans 
The film is often said to be of the vampire genre  However, it does not feature the elements which his early vampire films are known for, aside from the drinking of blood  The production of Fascination was not without complications; as it may have been one of the easiest films to shot in Rollin's experience, despite the low budget, the story was met with disapproval from the film's producer, Christine Renaud  As Rollin himself had said, the "co-producer wanted (him) to make a very explicit sex film-straight exploitation fare without too much emphasis on the fantastical elements"  Rollin overcame these obstacles and made the film he wanted  Additional members of the crew included Nathalie Perrey, who designed the costumes, and Philippe D'Aram, who provided the score  It was predicted that Fascination would lead to success, as did Les raisins de la mort  However, in a setback, one of the directors of UGC, a huge French distributor, cancelled the screenings Rollin had been promised  As the film was yet another financial failure for Rollin, he had little choice but to resume his pornographic works with continued until the end of the 1970s 

1980s
As Jean Rollin's career continued into the 1980s, he started off the decade with the release of La nuit des traquées (The Night of the Hunted) in the summer of 1980  This mainstream feature saw the return of pornographic actress Brigitte Lahaie, in her first leading role in a Rollin film  Upon the film's debut, it was considered a failure  However, it eventually garnered somewhat of a following in later years, as several of Rollin's works have done in the past  La nuit des traquées was shot in less than ten days on an extremely low budget, similar to his pornographic films  Rollin admitted that "I was tired of X-films", as the film was intended to be another hardcore sex film and told the producer "if you want a horror film for the same cost", then, "I can make it in 9 days"  Rollin came to the decision to cast actors of the pornographic industry in the picture in order to keep production cost down and to give the actors the opportunity to show their legitimate talent  The film stands as a noteworthy piece of work in Rollin's canon, as it differs from any of his previous work and is a departure from the fantastique genre that his films are greatly known for; the film is often poetic, yet it serves a realistic tone and chilling atmosphere  Lahaie portrays the character of Elizabeth, a young woman discovered wandering around in the rain on a dark night, by a man named Robert (Vincent Gardère)  As Elizabeth has no recollection of why she is there and frequently continues to lose her memory every few minutes, Robert drives her to his apartment in the city where they make love  The following morning while Robert goes to work, a doctor named Francis and a woman named Solange (Bernard Papineau and Rachel Mhas) locate Elizabeth and accompany her back to the clinic where she has escaped from  It is revealed that Elizabeth and fellow patients are currently confined to the hospital for a deteriorating disease in which they have been contaminated by an environmental accident 
In addition to Lahaie, Rollin had actress Martine Delva in mind for the role of Lahaie's character's friend Véronique  Delva was introduced to Rollin and Lionel Wallman by actor Alain Plumey and when offered the role, she accepted the role  Prior to production, which was intended to take place in La Défense district, she was involved in a serious car accident which left her unconscious with a broken leg and she died within one week from her injuries  The role of Véronique then offered to Dominique Journet  Pornographic actress Catherine Greiner and frequent collaborator, Natalie Perrey appeared as patients at the hospital 
In the early year of the film, it was met with a negative reception and did not please audiences during its release; not receiving a successful response at the Stigès Festival,  It did however receive positive reaction when it was screened at a festival in Trieste, where it was applauded and viewed as a highly subversive work  Rollin himself had stated that "I don't think it is a very good film and it is probably one of my worst" and that if he could remake just one of his films it would be La nuit des traquées In 1980, Rollin directed the Spanish zombie horror feature, Le lac des morts vivants (commonly known as Zombie Lake) under the pseudonym J A  Lazer  Jésus Franco was intended to direct the film, and with an unfortunate turn of events he became unavailable  At this point, Rollin was planning to take a vacation, and on the morning he was expecting to leave, he received a phone call from the production company Eurociné asking if he would be interested directing the horror film which was due to start filming the next morning, as Franco could not be located  Rollin agreed, and arrived on set the following morning  The company could not attach Rollin's name to the project due to issues with the contact, as a Spanish name had to be credited for the film and J A  Lazer was chosen  Le lac des morts vivants was released in 1981 and Rollin admitted that he never really cared for the film  It contains most of the elements which one would expect from a Franco film, and includes Franco's frequent collaborators such as actors Howard Vernon, Nadine Pascal, Antonio Mayans and Alain Petit, and composer Daniel White  Photography for the film was courtesy of Max Monteillet, who Rollin would later work with in several projects  Rollin himself made a cameo appearance in the film In 1981, Rollin returned with the drama film, Les paumées du petit matin (The Escapees or The Runaways)  It marks a departure to the usual horror tones which his films are notable for, and here mixes drama with elements of adventure, thriller and crime, while maintaining erotic and poetic themes and remains a distinctive and unique piece of work from Rollin  The story follows two young women who are confined to mental asylum in the countryside; Michelle (Laurence Dubas), a troubled teenager, has been returned to the asylum after escaping and is forced into a straitjacket  She manages to get the attention of Marie (Christiane Coppé), a teenage girl who is who sits in the garden on a rocking chair, while staring into space and never speaks, by dropping a tin food dish from her bedroom window and the sound somehow brings Marie back to reality  They escape from the asylum and encounter a group of burlesque dancers, a bar singer and a group of women who proceed to rape Marie  Their journey ends when they become involved in crime and death  The cast includes Rollin's usual collaborators Louise Dhour, Nathalie Perrey, Brigitte Lahie and a cameo appearance from Rollin himself  Les paumées du petit matin unfortunately failed to receive a proper theatrical in 1981 which resulted in it being one of the most difficult Rollin films to find in future  It did however receive its first DVD release in 2009 in the United States courtesy of Redemption Films, with a subsequent release in the United Kingdom  Again with a limited budget an issues with the script, Rollin stated that there were many problems with the production right from the beginning; that it was "an incredible mess", filled with "clichés and platitudes of melodrama " Later reviews of the film have been quite positive; Cathal Tohill and Pete Tombs would go so far as to call it a schizophrenic work in their wonderful Immoral Tales, but they would also note that "the beginning and end are pure Rollin" and "what is good in (The Escapees) is very good "
His 1982 film, La morte vivante (The Living Dead Girl) was his most commercial and successful work since Les raisins de la mort  In addition to its small budget, Rollin again had to contend with producers to construct a film that he wanted, as they required another zombie piece  He was reluctant to do so and was influenced to create a film with combinations from his previous works  Rollin described that the living dead girl is sort of a vampire woman who devours the blood of humans, taking the idea from his vampire works, but not exactly making her a vampire  The gore is a notable aspect taken from Les raisins de la mort  His usual poetic, supernatural and horror themes are still present within the film  Rollin created the story of a young woman named Catherine Valmont (Françoise Blanchard) who has been dead and buried in her family vault beneath the Valmont mansion for the past two years  As three thieves enter the vaults and plan to rob Catherine and her deceased relative of their jewellery as they lay in their coffins, an earth tremor occurs, which suddenly resurrects Catherine  Unaware of her surroundings, she must acquire human victims and drink their blood to prevent her descending into madness and possibly death, with drifting in and out of childhood memories of her childhood friend, Hélène (Marina Pierro)  During which, a photographer, Barbara (Carina Barone), becomes fascinated by Catherine when she discovers her and thinks she is quite peculiar, and sets out to uncover a mystery  Catherine's childhood friend, Hélène is intending to buy the Valmont mansion, which is currently on the market and a strange phone call leads her to the home where she discovers that Catherine is alive and the bodies of the thieves and the real estate agent and her boyfriend  Trying to convince herself that Catherine did not actually die, she realises that she has returned from the dead and must help her by bringing her unsuspecting victims  Some of the financing for the film was courtesy of Jacques Raif, who co-wrote the feature  The film's photographer Pierre LeBlond, found a castle which would become the Valmont mansion, which they rented  The castle provided accommodation for the cast and crew, in which the owner offered to cook  According to Rollin, the owner insisted on being referred to as "His Lordship" and that he was very difficult to get along with  Actress, Françoise Blanchard was introduced to Rollin by Fanny Magier, a co-star actress who appeared in the film  When Blanchard arrived, Rollin was unsure whether to offer her the role of Catherine due to the fact that in the first scene in which her character is resurrected, Blanchard appeared wearing trousers which wasn't required for the scene and Rollin did not ask her to remove them  She did however receive the role due to good contact  Blanchard showed great professionalism in her role and in one particular scene, the final scene of the film, in which Blanchard's character cries and screams after devouring her childhood friend, the crew became concerned over her mental state as they thought she has descended into madness  She gave an amazing performance for the role  During the preparation of the film, Rollin had been to Rome with Lionel Wallman to find an actress to portray the role of Hélène  Rollin had Teresa Ann Savoy in mind for the role, whom he was greatly impressed with  After speaking with Savoy and showing her a script for a pornographic picture which was in English and devoid of interest and not for La morte vivante, as she didn't speak French, she refused the role and told her agent that she would never in her life shoot with a guy like him  His second choice was actress Marina Pierro, a recurring collaborator with director Walerian Borowczyk, whom Rollin instantly liked  Pierro accepted the role  In the role of the photographers, American actor Mike Marshall, whom Rollin enjoyed working with during the production received the role of Greg and Canadian actress Carina Barone, was offered the role of Barbara due to a previous actress who featured in Les paumées du petit matin turning it down as she unmistakable believed that it was supposedly an erotic film  The film was a commercial success within theatres and received quite a positive reception, especially in Italy  Upon its release, Rollin was betrayed by a dishonest distributor who premiered in a select number of small theatres behind his back, as the film deserved a much larger audience in highly established theatres  However, La morte vivante was selected in many festivals which gave the film little success, particularly in Rome where Rollin's friend, Andriano Pintaldi presented the film in his festival where it was given the public's award After directing three additional pornographic features following La morte Vivante, Rollin's next feature film, Les trottoirs de Bangkok (The Sidewalks of Bangkok) was released in 1984  It is a rare production for Rollin, in that it does not contain his traditional fare of the supernatural, horror, or the fantastique genre  It is highly influenced by Rollin's childhood passion for old serials as it contains themes of adventure, crime and mystery, comic-book fantasy and is inspired by the 1932 Boris Karloff classic The Mask of Fu Manchu  The leading protagonist of the film is pornographic actress, Yoko, whom Rollin mentioned that he had "never worked with an actor who was so open-minded and easy to direct " She portrays the role of Eva, who is on the run from the French Secret Service and a rival syndicate who desperate require a deadly chemical which she possesses  This is her only mainstream role outside of the pornographic industry  Françoise Blanchard returns in her second film with Rollin, as she appears in the role of Claudine, a woman who works for the syndicate and is forced to locate Eva and hand her over to her villainous boss, instead she chooses to protect Eva  Supporting cast includes Argentina actor Gérard Landry, Israeli actress Brigitte Borghese, Jean-Pierre Bouyxou, whom Rollin has worked with on numerous occasions throughout his career, and a cameo appearance from Rollin  On a limited budget, and again working with producer Lionel Wallman and cinematographer Claude Becognee, the production of Les trottoris de Bangkok was filmed in several locations, many of which were not given permission to; the Chinese Quarter of Porte d'Italie and on the docks where goods from Asia were unloaded, an abandoned den near the Champs-Élysées, and on part of the French railroad  The film became a success and Rollin admitted that despite the fact that the film was a mess, he said "the entire shoot was great fun " Working with Yoko prompted Rollin to write a new film which included her alongside Brigitte Lahaie which unfortunately never became a film as Yoko retired from acting in the early nineties Rollin received minor work following Les trottoirs de Bangkok; in 1985, he resumed his pseudonymous work as "Michel Gentil" with a non-pornographic feature, the slapstick comedy, Ne prends pas les poulets pour des pigeons which reunited Brigitte Borghese and Gérard Landry from his previous film, and included French actor and comedian Popeck  Rollin was hired, and therefore his real name was not attached to the project  In 1988, he received the uncredited directorial role in the erotic sequel Emmanuelle 6, for which he wrote the screenplay  The film suffered many flaws during production under direction from Bruno Zincone and Rollin became involved in an attempt to salvage what he could and see that production was completed for the financiers At the end of the decade, Rollin created Perdues dans New York (Lost in New York) which was produced in 1989  Rollin mentioned that the film was "an anthology of all the themes and obsessive images I have used in my films", and that it, "brought to an end what had been started within the previous 13 films " A friend of Rollin's who was a producer insisted his help as he need location shots of New York an upcoming TV series he was working on  Rollin agreed and travelled to New York with a small film crew and a 16mm camera  While filming the shots, Rollin was struck with an idea to improvise a theme in which two young women are separated and desperately search for one another  He produced the film with a runtime of just under one hour and immediately struggled to find distribution, whether it be released to theatres or television  It was difficult to find distribution for independent and exploitation pictures in the late eighties as in a time of revolution and change, distributors would only pick up more commercial and high-budget film  It was not until the following years that the film found its audience on the home video market  Initially, Perdues dans New York was to be the final production of Rollin's canon as he has become ill during this period, and he expressed gratitude to his many fan by paying homage to his early works 
Despite his intentions to retire from directing following Perdues dans New York, his final film of the 1980s, Killing Car (working title Femme dangereuse) was produced in 1989  It is a revenge thriller and one of his most underrated and overlooked works  Initially intended to be a softcore production under the Michel Gentil pseudonym, Rollin attached his own name to the project and made it one of his most personal and self-referential of all his works  The film was shot on 16mm and in less than a week on a minimal budget of under $100,000  Australian model Tiki Tsang, originally of Brisbane, Queensland, had been residing in Paris, France for sometime when she was discovered by Rollin and offered her the role of "The Car Woman", a strange woman who steals an old Buick and proceeds to kill a number of people to seek revenge for a past tragedy  The part of "The Car Woman" was written especially for Tsang in what is the only film credit to her name  Killing Car gives nod to previous Rollin works including Tsang emerging from a grandfather clock (as did Dominique in an iconic scene from Les frisson des vampires)  Max Monteillet returned as cinematographer and Philippe Brejean provided the score  Cast includes recurring collaborators Jean-Pierre Bouyxou and Jean-Loup Philippe  Following the production, Rollin was hospitalized due to exhaustion and started editing the film after his recovery  The editing process lasted two years  Several problems would arise during post-production, as the film found it difficult to receive distribution, like Perdues dans New York, if it could not receive a theatrical distribution, Rollin would settle for a video or television release  The film was eventually released in 1993  It was announced that no usable print or negative of the film exists today, and all known film negatives are considered lost 

1990s
Rollin's final adult production came in 1994 when he made a brief return to direct (uncredited) and wrote the scenario for Le Parfume de Mathilde (The Scent of Mathilde)  Rollin was initially required as a screenwriter for the production due to the fact that he was to replace producer Marc Dorcel's in-house auteur Michele Ricaud, who has just recently passed away  However, Rollin became co-director of the made-for-video film  Following his final time working on a sex film, Rollin later returned to his traditional works when he would go on to resume what he was best known for Rollin continued his career into the 1990s, following what was intended to be a brief return in 1994 when he directed and wrote a final pornographic film  He remained true to form for what were to be his final years of film making, and his next feature went into production in 1995; Les deux orphelines vampires (The Two Orphan Vampires) saw the return of his most recognizable work, and his first vampire film since 1975's Levres de sang  With the then recent increase in popularity of Rollin's works, and with the resurgence with the vampire genre in general, most notable with Bram Stoker's Dracula, this prompted Rollin to create a new vampire feature, quite different from Francis Ford Coppola's 1992 blockbuster, as he stated that it was "not a good film at all", and that "it just doesn't work for one second"  The idea of the film was based upon Rollin's novel of the same name and went into production in June 1995 for a mere ₣3,000,000, which is actually more than his prior works received  Locations for the shoot included four days in New York at the beginning, with the remaining three weeks in Paris  Cinematography was provided by Norbert Marfaing-Sintes, who previously worked with Italian director Duccio Tessari, as Max Monteillet was not available  Nathalie Perrey introduced Rollin to Marfaing-Sintes, as she had experience working with Marfaing-Sintes in many films; to show his gratitude, Rollin offered Perrey a role in Les deux orphelines vampires  The leading roles were offered to two inexperienced actresses, Alexandra Pic and Isabelle Teboul, whom Rollin choose while answering a newspaper ad they had printed  Brigitte Lahaie received a minor role in the film  Following an extensive period in post-production, the film was eventually released on 9 July 1997 
His next directorial feature, La fiancée de Dracula (The Fiancée of Dracula) went into production in 1999  Rollin had written the screenplay for the film, as he did with many of his previous works  During which time, Rollin was receiving dialysis for kidney disease and for periods of time, did not remain with the film crew and production was shared with Jean-Noël Delamarre in his absence, while Rolling was staying at a hotel in Caen  Filming locations included the islands of Chausey where the majority of the filming took place, a cemetery in Épinay-Champlâtreux, a castle in Blandy, Seine-et-Marne, and port of Pourville-lès-Dieppes  Long-time collaborators Brigitte Lahaie, Catherine Castel and Nathalie Perrey returned for prominent roles in the film  Rollin's niece, Sandrine Thoquet appeared in the film as a young vampire burned by the rays of the sun  Following production, Rollin received a kidney transplant in October 2000 during the post-production which lasted for almost two years  The film was successfully shown in theatres on 14 August 2002, for which Rollin was not completely satisfied of the release date  However, he was pleased that it was released to theaters and was somewhat well received 

Personal life and death
Rollin was married to Simone Rollin Roth Le Gentil (née Morel), with whom he had two sons, Serge and Carel  He was married to Simone until his death 
Rollin died on 15 December 2010 after a long battle with cancer and was survived by his wife Simone, son Serge and granddaughter Gabrielle  He is buried at Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris  Rollin's son, Carel (1973–2001), and his wife, Simone (1934–2016), rest alongside him 

Selected filmography
The following list consists of Jean Rollin's mainstream works as both director and writer and not of his pseudonym or pornographic works  For a complete list of his entire work, including producer and acting credits, see full filmography 

Bibliography
Coulthart, John (8 December 2014)  "Review of Saga de Xam by Nicolas Devil (1967)"  { feuilleton }  Retrieved 16 October 2016 Rollin, Jean (1990)  Le temps d'un visage  Éd  Saint-Germain de Prés  ISBN 2-243-03253-8 — (1993)  Les deux orphelines vampires  Fleuve Noir  ISBN 978-2-265001-11-4  Other titles in the same series include Anissa, Les Voyageuses, Les Pillardes, Les Incendiaires— (1996)  Ombres vives  Éd  Saint-Germain-des-Prés  ISBN 978-2-243-03542-1 — (1998)  Les dialogues sans fin: précédés de quelques souvenirs sur George Bataille, Maurice Blanchot et Michel Fardoulis-Lagrange  Éd  Mirandole  ISBN 978-2-912965-10-3 — (1998)  Cauchemar d'anniversaire  R  de Surtis  ISBN 978-2-912271-25-9 — (1998)  Monseigneur Rat roman  Paris: Sortilèges  ISBN 978-2-251-49126-4 — (1998)  La cabriole a disparu  Illustrated by Michel Solliec  Le Faouët: Liv'éditions  ISBN 978-2-910781-66-8 — (1998)  Enfer privé  Belles lettres  ISBN 978-2-251-82004-0 — (1998)  La statue de chair  Belles lettres  ISBN 978-2-251-82007-1 — (1999)  La promeneuse romans  Belles lettres  ISBN 978-2-251-49137-0 — (2001)  Vies et aventures de Jean-Pierre Bouyxou  Éd  Films ABC  ISBN 978-2-84672-009-0 — (2001)  Tuatha  Belles lettres  ISBN 978-2-251-49154-7 — (2001)  Gargouillis glauques (Pour une fontaine de feu)  R  de surtis  ISBN 978-2-912271-98-3 — (2001)  La petite fille au cerceau  Éd  Films ABC  ISBN 978-2-84672-010-6 — (2003)  Estelle et Edwige, les demoiselles de l'étrange  Paris: E-dite  ISBN 978-2-84608-108-5 — (2004)  Rien n'estvrai  Éd  Films ABC  ISBN 978-2-915160-02-4 — (2004)  Jean-Pierre Bouyxou contre la femme au masque rouge  Paris: E-dite : Films ABC  ISBN 978-2-84608-121-4 — (2004)  Les voleuses de foudre  Éd  Films ABC  ISBN 978-2-915160-00-0 — (2006)  Alice et Aladin détectives de l'impossible  Éd  Films ABC  ISBN 978-2-915160-03-1 — (2005)  Déraison  Éd  Films ABC  ISBN 978-2-915160-04-8 — (2005)  Bestialité  Oulon: Éd  Nuit d'avril  ISBN 978-2-35072-015-9 — (2007)  La petite Ogresse  Films ABC  ISBN 978-2-91516-007-9 — (2008)  MoteurCoupez!: mémoires d'un cinéaste singulier  ISBN 978-2-84608-253-2 — (2009)  Bille de clown  Paris: E-dite  ISBN 978-2-84608-254-9 — (2010)  Jean Rollin: Écrits complets Volume 1  Paris: Édite  ISBN 978-2-84608-277-8 — (2011)  Jean Rollin: Écrits complets Volume 2  E/dite  ISBN 978-2-84608-281-5 

Notes
Passage 6:
Françoise Blanchard
Françoise Denise Aline Blanchard (6 June 1954 – 24 May 2013) was a French actress and voice dubbing artist  Her most notable work is that of her role in the 1982 French film La morte vivante, directed by Jean Rollin  Blanchard had collaborated with Rollin on several occasions in films Les trottoirs de Bangkok (1984), À la poursuite de Barbara (1991) and La nuit des horloges (2007)  She had worked frequently with directors Richard Balducci and Jesús Franco  She was also known for her work as a voice artist, having dubbed films, such as, Robert Altman's Popeye (1980), The NeverEnding Story III (1994) and Hackers (1995), and animated television series, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles and Totally Spies!

Career
Blanchard's career stretched from between the late 1970s until the early 1990s  She may have been best known for playing Catherine Valmont in 1982 horror La Morte Vivante (The Living Dead Girl), a film from Jean Rollin 
She also appeared in films by directors Jess Franco and Bruno Mattei  She recalled her career in an interview, which was featured on the Encore release of La Morte Vivante, she mentioned that it was a tragedy and a coincidence that started her career in the late 1970s  While trying to make ends meet as a hand model, she lost her brother in the late 1970  Around that same time she was offered her first role, coincidentally as someone who had also lost a family member  Françoise approached the part skeptically as she remembered that at that time she was, "aggressive against people but also a bit confused" due to the death of her brother  She enjoyed the experience and took a serious interest in acting, so decided to take acting lessons afterwards Blanchard soon became involved in several B movies when her career quickly became intertwined with the legendary Eurocine company  "I liked the feel of these B movies, especially horror", Françoise noted to Encore, which perhaps explains why she became so popular to several of the most noteworthy genre directors of the late 1970s  She also mentioned that she didn't mind nudity and even went so far as to pose for Lui Magazine in the early 1980s  After several films directors such as Pierre Chevalier, Françoise took a role in Bruno Mattei's Caligula and Messalina in 1981  The following year she appeared in Jess Franco's Revenge In The House Of Usher, and she liked Franco and admired his creativity and fire She then appeared in the La Morte Vivante with Rollin  The night shoot on the film was mostly difficult and there were many problems with the special effects but, despite some disagreements, she liked and admired Rollin and admitted to Encore that, "he is really nice and is very much there"  She enjoyed working with and admired her co-star in the film, Italian actress Marina Pierro, and noted, "she is very maternal with me " Françoise worked again with Rollin in Les Trottoirs De Bangkok (The Sidewalks Of Bangkok), a film which she had a lot of fun making, and she appeared in his newest film production La nuit des horloges (The Night of Clocks) opposite Ovidie 

Death
Blanchard died on 24 May 2013, twelve days before her 59th birthday  The cause of death was not disclosed 

Filmography
Passage 7:
Giulio Questi
Giulio Questi (18 March 1924 – 3 December 2014) was an Italian film director and screenwriter Questi was born in Bergamo   He wrote short stories and filmed several documentaries before he started as assistant director and script writer in the movie business 
He is best known for the films La morte ha fatto l'uovo and Django Kill! (If You Live Shoot!) 
Questi died in Rome, aged 90 

Filmography
Passage 8:
Mr  Right (2009 film)
Mr  Right is a 2009 British film directed by David Morris and Jacqui Morris  The jointly-made gay-themed film is the debut for both directors 

Synopsis
The film presents life of a number of individuals who live in London's Soho area in their quest for their "Mr  Right"  One of the highlights of the film is when all the characters gather for an excruciatingly awkward and hilarious dinner party at which wine and secrets are spilled 
Harry (James Lance) is a TV producer but dreams to get way  He loves Alex (Luke de Woolfson), an aspiring yet insecure actor who also works as a caterer  Meanwhile Alex is struggling to create an identity for himself and decides to live independently through monetary help from his brother despite Harry wanting him back
Tom (David Morris, the co-director of the film) is a successful art dealer who is in a precarious relationship with Lars (Benjamin Hart), a handsome sometime-model  Tom finds excuses for Lars' flings so long as Lars doesn't leave him  Meanwhile Lars has this attraction to Harry and can't get over his feelings
William (Rocky Marshall) a divorced former rugby player finds it difficult very difficult to parent his nine-year-old daughter Georgie while trying to get on a new relationship with Lawrence (Leon Ockenden), a striving soap actor  Their relationship is complicated as Georgie is intent on sabotaging his relationship 
Louise (Georgia Zaris), a fag hag, is dating Paul (Jeremy Edwards), but suspects Paul is gay  Paul is slowly but surely getting drawn into the gay scene, despite visibly and verbally protesting every step of the way By the end of the film three months later, the characters are still striving to make new paths for themselves  Harry is appealing for Alex, now in a small studio residence to return, but the latter turns him gently down despite having feelings for him  Things are much better between William and Lawrence as Georgie becomes more accepting of their relationship  Things have soured between Lars and William  Devastated Lars catches Harry while the latter has just packed to leave everything behind for his long-planned trip away from his dreaded work  Meanwhile Paul is getting more and more into the gay scene despite putting a brave face that he is still straight 

Cast
MainJames Lance as Harry
Luke de Woolfson as Alex
David Morris as Tom
Benjamin Hart as Lars
Rocky Marshall as William
Leon Ockenden as Lawrence
Georgia Zaris as Louise
Jeremy Edwards as PaulOthersJan Waters as Harry's Mother
Maddie Planer as Georgie, Williams's daughter
Sheila Kidd as William's mother
Andrew Dunn as Alex's Father
Karen Meagher as Alex's Mother
Rick Warden as Alex's Brother
Katy Odey as Presenter
Lucy Jules as Emma
Sarah Carleton as Waitress
Dolly Wells as Fizz
Harry Serjeant as Runner
Ian Tytler as Charlie
Jim Cole as Heath
Archie Kidd as Barnaby
Heather Bleasdale as Barnaby's Mother
Yvonne O'Grady as Business Woman
Max Karie as Marcel
Kate Russell as The Yellow Team
Ian Russell as The Yellow Team
Mark Hayford as The Blue Team
Diane Morgan as The Blue Team
Terry Bird as Red Team
Cheryl Fergison as Red Team



ground_truth: Moment Of Danger

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Where was the director of film 00 Schneider – Jagd Auf Nihil Baxter born?

The following are given passages.
Context 4: Passage 1:
Husain Bey, Crown Prince of Tunisia
Husain Bey Gouta, Crown Prince of Tunisia (22 April 1893 – 22 April 1969) was the titular head of the Husainid Dynasty  He was the third son of Muhammad V al-Nasir, Bey of Tunis, by his second wife, Lalla Husn ul-Ujud, from 1906 until 1922 

Biography
Husain Bey Gouta was born in Sidi Bou Said  He was educated at the Prytanée National Militaire school situated in the city of La Flèche in western France  At the time of attending the Prytanée National Militaire school, Tunisia was a French protectorate 
On 1 October 1955, Husain Bey Gouta was invested as the heir apparent of the Beylik of Tunis, receiving the title Bey al-Mahalla, meaning Bey of the Camp  This is a title used for the most senior member of the Beylical family after the reigning Bey  In addition to becoming Bey al-Mahalla, he also became a Lieutenant General in the Beylical Army  Following Tunisia's independence from France on 20 March 1956, Husain Bey received the new title of Crown Prince following its independence as a Kingdom 
Husain Bey Gouta's chances of ascending the throne came to an end on 25 July 1957, when the prime minister, Habib Bourguiba, usurped power and abolished the monarchy  Following the death of King Muhammad VIII al-Amin on 30 September 1962, Husain Bey Gouta succeeded as head of the Husainid Dynasty as Head of the Royal House of Tunisia, and of the Nishan ad-Dam, Nishan al-Ahad al-Aman, and the Nishan al-Iftikhar and remained so until his death, when he was succeeded by Prince Mustafa Bey Gouta  He was Sovereign and Grand Master of the Nishan al-Ahad al-Aman, Nishan ad-Dam, and Nishan al-Iftikhar 
He was decorated with the Nishan al-Ahad al-Aman al-Murassa on 1 October 1955, Nishan ad-Dam, Grand Cross of the Nishan al-Iftikhar, Grand Officer of the Order of the Legion of Honour of France, the Sharifian Order of Al-Alaoui of Morocco, etc 
He died in Sidi Bou Said  Some sources stated he died in October 1964 

Marriage and children
Husain Bey Gouta was married on 22 July 1914, at the Dar al-Taj Palace in La Marsa as his only wife to Lalla Aisha Maria, the daughter of Si Ahmad bin Abdullah Maria, an Italian convert to Islam, and his wife Princess Traki, eldest daughter of Sidi Husain Bey, Bey al-Taula  Husain and Aisha had five children: 

Prince Ali Bey Gouta (1915–1945) 
Princess Husn al-Ujud Gouta (born 1918) 
Prince Murad Bey Gouta (1919–2005) 
Prince Muhammad al-Afif Bey Gouta (1926–1985) 
Prince Muhammad Bey Gouta (1934–1934) 

Ancestry


== External links ==
Passage 2:
Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur
Abū Yūsuf Yaʿqūb ibn Yūsuf ibn Abd al-Muʾmin al-Manṣūr (Arabic: أبو يوسف يعقوب بن يوسف بن عبد المؤمن المنصور; c  1160 – 23 January 1199 Marrakesh), commonly known as Yaqub al-Mansur (يعقوب المنصور) or Moulay Yacoub (مولاي يعقوب), was the third Almohad Caliph  Succeeding his father, al-Mansur reigned from 1184 to 1199  His reign was distinguished by the flourishing of trade, architecture, philosophy and the sciences, as well as by victorious military campaigns in which he was successful in repelling the tide of the Reconquista in the Iberian Peninsula 

Military actions
Al-Mansur's father was killed in Portugal on 29 July 1184; upon reaching Seville with his father's body on 10 August, he was immediately proclaimed the new caliph  Al-Mansur vowed revenge for his father's death, but fighting with the Banu Ghaniya, delayed him in Africa  After inflicting a new defeat on the Banu Ghaniya, he set off for the Iberian Peninsula to avenge his father's death 
His 13 July 1190 siege of Tomar, center of the Portuguese Templars failed to capture the fortress  However, further south he in 1191 recaptured a major fortress, Paderne Castle and the surrounding territory near Albufeira, in the Algarve – which had been controlled by the Portuguese army of King Sancho I since 1182  Having inflicted other defeats on the Christians and captured major cities, he returned to the Maghreb with three thousand Christian captives 
Upon Al-Mansur's return to Africa, however, Christians in Iberian Peninsula resumed the offensive, capturing many of the Moorish cities, including Silves, Vera, and Beja 
When Al-Mansur heard this news, he returned to the Iberian Peninsula, and defeated the Christians again  This time, many were taken in chained groups of fifty each, and later sold in Africa as slaves 
While Al-Mansur was away in Africa, the Christians mounted the largest army of that period, of over 300,000 men, to defeat Al-Mansur  However, immediately upon hearing this, Al-Mansur returned again to Iberia and defeated Castilian King Alfonso VIII Alfonso's army in the Battle of Alarcos, on 18 July 1195  It was said that Al-Mansur's forces killed 150,000 and took money, valuables and other goods "beyond calculation"  It was after this victory that he took the title al-Mansur Billah ("Made Victorious by God") 

Internal policy
Architectural patronage
During his reign, Al-Mansur undertook several major construction projects  He added a monumental gate to the Kasbah of the Udayas in Rabat and he may have been responsible for finishing the construction of the current Kutubiyya Mosque in Marrakesh   He also created a vast royal citadel and palace complex in Marrakesh which subsequently remained the seat of government in the city for centuries afterward  This royal district included the Kasbah Mosque (or El-Mansuriyya Mosque) in Marrakesh and was accessed via the monumental gate of Bab Agnaou, both dating from al-Mansur's time  He also embarked on the construction of an even bigger fortified capital in Rabat, where he attempted to build what would have been the world's largest mosque  However, construction on the mosque and on this new citadel stopped after his death  Only the beginnings of the mosque had been completed, including a large part of its massive minaret now known as the Hassan Tower 
Some of Rabat's historic gates, most notably Bab er-Rouah, also date from this time, one of Al-Mansur's famous works is the Bimaristan of Marrakesh, the first hospital in Morocco to be ever built, Al-Mansur embellished it with luxurious ornaments and sculptures, it had gardens, water canals attached to it and it was Funded personally by Almohad's government, it is said that Averroes worked there for some time 

Philosophy and religion
Al-Mansur protected the philosopher Averroes and kept him as a favorite at court  Like many of the Almohad caliphs, Al-Mansur was religiously learned  He favored the Zahirite or literalist school of Muslim jurisprudence per Almohad doctrine and possessed a relatively extensive education in the Muslim prophetic tradition; he even wrote his own book on the recorded statements and actions of the prophet Muhammad  Mansur's Zahirism was clear when he ordered his judges to exercise judgment only according to the Qur'an, said recorded statements and absolute consensus  Mansur's father Abu Yaqub appointed Cordoban polymath Ibn Maḍāʾ as chief judge, and the two of them oversaw the banning of all non-Zahirite religious books during the Almohad reforms; Mansur was not satisfied, and when he inherited the throne he ordered Ibn Maḍāʾ to actually undertake the burning of such books 

Death and legacy
He died on 23 January 1199 in Marrakech His victory in Alarcos was remembered for centuries later, when the tide of war turned against the Muslim side  It is recounted by the historian Ibn Abi Zar in his 1326 Rawd al-Qirtas ("History of the Rulers of the Maghreb") The town of Moulay Yacoub, outside of Fez, Morocco, is named after Al-Mansur, and is best known for its therapeutic hot springs 
Passage 3:
Umar of Borno
Umar I ibn Muhammad al-Amin (Arabic: اولعمر ابن محمد لرشيد) or Umar of Borno (died 1881) was Shehu (Sheik) of the Kanem-Bornu Empire and son of Muhammad al-Amin al-Kanemi 

Reign of Umar
Umar came to power at the death of his father in 1837  Umar did not match his father's vitality and gradually allowed the kingdom to be ruled by advisers (wazirs)  Umar ruled from 1837 until November 1853 when he was deposed by his brother `Abd ar-Rahman ibn Muhammad al-Amin who became Shehu  The latter only reigned until 1854 when Umar reconquered his throne Umar ruled as Shehu for a second time from September 1854 to 1880  Borno began to decline, as a result of administrative disorganization, regional particularism, and attacks by the militant Ouaddai Empire to the east  The decline continued under Umar's sons, and in 1894 Rabih az-Zubayr, leading an invading army from eastern Sudan, conquered Borno 

Dynasty
Footnotes
Bibliography
Brenner, Louis, The Shehus of Kukawa: A History of the Al-Kanemi Dynasty of Bornu, Oxford Studies in African Affairs (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1973) 
Cohen, Ronald, The Kanuri of Bornu, Case Studies in Cultural Anthropology (New York: Holt, 1967) 
Denham, Dixon  and Captain Clapperton and the Late Doctor Oudney, Narrative of Travels and Discoveries in Northern and Central Africa, (Boston: Cummings, Hilliards and Co , 1826) 
Isichei, Elizabeth, A History of African Societies to 1870 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), pp  318–320, ISBN 0-521-45599-5 
Lange, Dierk, 'The kingdoms and peoples of Chad', in General history of Africa, ed  by Djibril Tamsir Niane, IV (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1984), pp  238–265 
Last, Murray, ‘Le Califat De Sokoto Et Borno’, in Histoire Generale De l'Afrique, Rev  ed  (Paris: Presence Africaine, 1986), pp  599–646 
Lavers, John, "The Al- Kanimiyyin Shehus: a Working Chronology" in Berichte des Sonderforschungsbereichs, 268, Bd  2, Frankfurt a  M  1993: 179-186 
Oliver, Roland & Anthony Atmore (2005)  Africa Since 1800, Fifth Edition  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press  ISBN 0-521-83615-8 
Palmer, Herbert Richmond, The Bornu Sahara and Sudan (London: John Murray, 1936) 
Taher, Mohamed (1997)  Encyclopedic Survey of Islamic Dynasties A Continuing Series  New Delhi: Anmol Publications PVT  LTD  ISBN 81-261-0403-1 

External links
Kanuri Studies Association
Passage 4:
Muhammad al-Nasir
Muhammad al-Nasir (Arabic: الناصر لدين الله محمد بن المنصور, al-Nāṣir li-dīn Allāh Muḥammad ibn al-Manṣūr, c  1182 – 1213) was the fourth Almohad Caliph from 1199 until his death  Contemporary Christians referred to him as Miramamolin           
On 25 January 1199, al-Nasir's father Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur died; al-Nasir was proclaimed the new caliph that very day  Al-Nasir inherited from his father an empire that was showing signs of instability  Because of his father's victories against the Christians in the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus), he was temporarily relieved from serious threats on that front and able to concentrate on combating and defeating Banu Ghaniya attempts to seize Ifriqiya (Tunisia)  Needing, after this, to deal with problems elsewhere in the empire, he appointed Abu Mohammed ibn Abi Hafs as governor of Ifriqiya, so unwittingly inaugurating the rule of the Hafsid dynasty there, which lasted until 1574 

Dynasty and Iberian presence
He now had to turn his attention back to Iberia, to deal with a Crusade proclaimed by Pope Innocent III at the request of King Alfonso VIII of Castile  This resulted in his defeat by a Christian coalition at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa (1212)  He died the following year, and was succeeded by his young son Yusuf al-Mustansir, born of Christian slave Qamar 

Relationship with King John of England
In the early 13th century, John, King of England was under pressure after a quarrel with Pope Innocent III led to England being placed under an interdict, by which all forms of worship and other religious practices were banned  John himself was excommunicated, parts of the country were in revolt and there were threats of a French invasion Writing two decades after the events, Matthew Paris, a St Albans chronicler of the early thirteenth century, claims that, in desperation, John sent envoys to al-Nâsir asking for his help  In return John offered to convert to Islam, to make the country at disposal of the caliph and turn England into a Muslim state  Among the delegates was Master Robert, a London cleric  Al-Nâsir was said to be so disgusted by John's grovelling plea that he sent the envoys away  Historians have cast doubt on this story, due to the lack of other contemporary evidence 

Viziers
Abu Zayd bin Yujan (1198–1199)
Abu Mohammed ibn Abi Hafs (1199–1205), the future governor of Ifriqiya (see above)
Abu Sa`id Uthman ibn Jam`i (1205–1214)
Passage 5:
Clare Nasir
Clare Lyn Nasir (born 20 June 1970) is an English meteorologist, author, and TV presenter 

Early life
Born in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, Nasir's family is musical, with Nasir playing the saxophone, while three of her brothers are professional musicians  Nasir attended Kingsbrook School in South Northamptonshire, where in 1988 she obtained A-levels in Mathematics, Geography and History  She then studied at the University of Plymouth, graduating with an honours degree in Mathematics, continuing on with her master's degree in Applied Marine Sciences 

Career
After university studies, Nasir joined the Met Office, training to become a qualified weather forecaster



ground_truth: Mülheim an der Ruhr

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Are both directors of films La Morte Vivante and Stranger On Horseback from the same country?

The following are given passages.
Context 4: Two years later, Nasir joined the Met Office's London Weather Centre, offering weather forecasting and presenting services to London radio stations and media outlets  Subsequently, she took a position as forecaster and presenter for Anglia Television in 1997  She returned to London to work for Carlton Television in 1998 
In 2000 Nasir joined GMTV as maternity leave cover for regular weather forecaster Andrea McLean, however this led to a permanent contract, with her sharing duties with McLean following her return 
In 2001 Nasir was made weather producer and presenter being responsible for all weather output and weather-related features on GMTV  GMTV forecasts include outside broadcasts, the most famous of which involves Nasir reporting from Bridlington seafront  Being lashed by wind and rain, in the middle of the report an enormous wave burst over the harbour wall, completely covering her and sending her flying out of shot  Undeterred, she picked herself up and finished her report, having to speak directly into the boom microphone as she had lost her microphone pack As well as presenting the weather on GMTV, Nasir has hosted several series, including "Interactive Wedding", the travel series "Great Escapes", and "Extreme Weather", wherein she investigated globally changing weather patterns 
In 2007 Nasir served as one of many panelists on Through the Keyhole 
On 1 August 2010, the Daily Mirror announced Nasir was to quit GMTV prior to the following month, to launch a fitness DVD  On 3 September 2010, on the final broadcast of GMTV, Nasir presented her last weather forecast 
From 20 November 2010 until 27 October 2013, Nasir presented weather forecasts for the ITN produced regional news programme ITV News London on ITV London 
In 2011, Nasir completed a diploma in International Environmental Policy from the Open University In February 2012, Nasir appeared as a celebrity guest on the Channel 5 TV show, "Live With    " and spoke of her journey of having achieved her goal of having a baby Nasir has written a regular weather-related blog column for The Huffington Post (UK) In June 2012 Nasir presented weather forecasts for the ITN produced 5 News on Channel 5 to cover for Sian Welby while she is on holiday or a break 
As of 4 October 2013, Nasir has presented weather forecasts for the BBC North West produced regional news programme BBC North West Tonight as well as Look North for Yorkshire and Look North for Lincolnshire and Yorkshire 
Since 2016, Nasir has hosted the weather bulletins for the Met Office online  Nasir has also written a series of children's books including Colin The Cloud 
On 31 October 2016, Nasir joined as full-time weather forecaster for 5 News on Channel 5 

Filmography
Personal life
Nasir has been married to DJ Chris Hawkins since March 2005  She gave birth to a daughter on 11 November 2009, seven weeks early  Clare took maternity leave from GMTV for 5 months from October 2009 to February 2010 
In 2012, Nasir and Hawkins moved to Wilmslow as Hawkins continues working for BBC Radio 6 Music at MediaCityUK Nasir's brother Matt plays in Frank Turner's backing band, The Sleeping Souls 

Books
COLIN THE CLOUD  (2014) Rudling House 
STEVE THE STRATUS  (2015) Rudling House 
What Does Rain Smell Like? (2019)
Passage 6:
Muhammad Nasir
Muhammad Nasir (born 28 March 1937) is a Pakistani boxer  He competed in the men's bantamweight event at the 1960 Summer Olympics 
Passage 7:
Mohammad Jibran Nasir
Mohammad Jibran Nasir  (Urdu: محمد جبران ناصر; born 10 February 1987) is a Pakistani civil rights activist, and lawyer 

Early life and education
Nasir was born on 10 February 1987 in Karachi, Pakistan  He completed his O-Levels from Saint Michael's Convent School in Karachi, A-Levels from The Lyceum School in Karachi, and went to the University of London International Programme for Bachelor of Law (LLB Hons )  Later, he completed LLM in International Commercial Law from the University of Northumbria, UK 

Activism
He is a lawyer by profession and is known for criticizing state policies regarding banned organisations in Pakistan and call attention to the need for protection of minorities Nasir has been a trustee at Elaj Trust and involved in relief work through Elaj Trust  He founded the NGO, Never Forget Pakistan and is also involved in advocacy for marginalised communities through Pakistan For All Nasir became prominent following the December 2014's Peshawar's school attack which led to 150 dead after he led the procession calling for the arrest of Lal Masjid cleric Abdul Aziz, for which he subsequently received alleged threats from Taliban spokesman He was noted by Foreign Policy Magazine amongst the three Pakistanis making considerable effort against sectarian violence In January 2015, Nasir played a key role in organising a new movement to "Reclaim Pakistan" from violent extremism and played a major role in organising demonstrations carrying playcards and candles  Nasir had been leading protests against terrorism in Pakistan, and was arrested on 5 February 2015 for protesting near the Chief Minister's residence along with other Civil Society activists  Later on the same day, Nasir was released by the Karachi Police   Following his release he addressed protesters gathered and reiterated his 15-day ultimatum to government for taking action against banned organizations In 2017, Nasir filed a complaint with Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) alleging Aamir Liaquat Hussain in his TV show of running a defamatory and life-threatening campaign against him  Following which PEMRA banned TV show of Aamir Liaquat  Rawalpindi police also registered a case against Aamir Liaquat for threatening the life of Nasir  Amnesty International  in a letter to Interior Minister of Pakistan called on the government to take action to protect the lives and rights of activists including of Nasir due to harassment and threats by Aamir Liaquat 

Political career
Nasir ran for seat of the National Assembly of Pakistan and Provincial Assembly of Sindh as an independent candidate from Constituency NA-250 (Karachi-XII) and Constituency PS-113 (Karachi-XXV) respectively in 2013 Pakistani general election, but was unsuccessful after securing a meager 259 votes for the NA seat  He lost the National Assembly seat to Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf's candidate Arif Alvi and Sindh Assembly seat to Samar Ali Khan  NA-250 was described as one of the most hotly contested seats for the National Assembly  After the 2018 delimitation, the NA-250 constituency was renamed NA-247 In June 2018, he announced to contest in 2018 Pakistani general election as an independent candidate, for the seat of the National Assembly from Constituency NA-247 and for the seat of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh from Constituency PS-111  His election campaign was titled "Hum Mein Se Aik"  Despite numerous publicity campaigns, he lost elections for both the national and provincial assembly seats by substantial margins 
He ran for the seat of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh from Constituency PS-111 as an independent candidate in by-election held on 21 October 2018, but was unsuccessful 
Passage 8:
Shoaib Nasir
Shoaib Nasir (born 26 February 1983) is a Pakistani first-class cricketer who plays for Rawalpindi 
Passage 9:
Uthman ibn Sa'id al-Asadi
Uthman ibn Sa'id al-Asadi al-Amri (Arabic: عُثْمَان ٱبْن سَعِيد ٱلْأَسَدِيّ عَمْرِوْيّ ʿUthmān ibn Saʿīd al-ʾAsadīy al-ʿAmrīy) was the first of the Four Deputies, who are believed by the Twelvers to have successively represented their twelfth Imam, Muhammad al-Mahdi, during his Minor Occultation (874–941 CE)  Uthman is also said to have been a trusted representative of the tenth and eleventh Imams, Ali al-Hadi and Hasan al-Askari, respectively  The date of his death is not certain, though it is believed that Uthman did not survive al-Askari for long 

Historical background
Until their deaths, the tenth and eleventh Shia Imams (Ali al-Hadi and Hasan al-Askari, respectively) were held under close surveillance in the garrison town of Samarra by the Abbasids, who are often responsible in Shia sources for poisoning the two Imams  The two Imams witnessed the deterioration of the Abbasid caliphate, as the imperial authority rapidly transitioned into the hands of the Turks, particularly after al-Mutawakkil Contemporary to the tenth Imam, the Abbasid al-Mutawakkil violently prosecuted the Shia, partly due to the renewed Zaydi opposition  The restrictive policies of al-Mutawakkil towards the tenth Imam were later adopted by his son, al-Mu'tamid, who is reported to have kept the eleventh Imam under house arrest without any visitors  Instead, al-Askari is known to have mainly communicated with his followers through a network of representatives  Among them was Uthman ibn Sa'id, who is said to have disguised himself as a seller of cooking fat to avoid the Abbasid agents, hence his nickname al-Samman  Tabatabai suggests that these restrictions were placed on al-Askari because the caliphate had come to know about traditions among the Shia elite, predicting that the eleventh Imam would father the eschatological Mahdi 

Underground network
The underground network of representatives might date back to Ja'far al-Sadiq, the sixth Imam, in response to the Abbasid restrictions on him  At the time, the main purpose of this network was to collect the Islamic alms, such as khums and zakat  The Abbasid al-Rashid is said to have carried out a campaign of arrests in 179 (795) to decimate this underground network which ultimately led to the arrest of Musa al-Kazim, the seventh Imam, and his death in prison By the time of Muhammad al-Jawad, the ninth Imam, some of the representatives took administrative and military roles in the caliphate by practicing religious dissimulation (taqiya)  The underground network of Ali al-Hadi, the tenth Imam, was highly developed, especially in Samarra, Baghdad, Mada'in, and Sawad  However, a campaign of arrests and the subsequent tortures by the Abbasid al-Mutawakkil (r  847–861) might have led the caliph to discover that the Imam was behind their activities  Al-Mutawakkil then summoned the Imam to Samarra, where he was kept under close surveillance and possibly house arrest  According to Hussain, restrictions on the later Imams inevitably expanded the role and authority of their representatives, particularly their main agent  By performing certain functions of the Imams, these representatives might have hoped to save the Imams from the political pressure of the Abbasids 

Tenure as an agent of al-Hadi
Uthman was a close associate of the tenth Imam, Ali al-Hadi  It is reported that he was eleven when he first served as an agent for this Imam 

Tenure as an agent of al-Askari
After the death of al-Hadi in 254 (868), his successor, Hasan al-Askari, appointed Uthman as a representative in 256 (869-70)  It also seems certain that Uthman became the closest associate of the eleventh Imam  Both al-Hadi and al-Askari are said to have praised Uthman as highly trustworthy  As a representative of the two Imams, Uthman disguised himself as a seller of cooking fat to avoid the Abbasid agents, hence his nickname al-Samman  It is reported that he collected religious donations, hid them in the containers of cooking fat, and delivered them to al-Askari  After the death of al-Askari in 260 (874), Uthman performed the funeral rites of the eleventh Imam, an honor for which he must have received the permission of al-Askari beforehand 

Tenure as an agent of al-Mahdi
Immediately after the death of al-Askari in 260 (874), Uthman claimed that the eleventh Imam had a young son, named Muhammad, who had entered a state of occultation (ghayba) due to the Abbasid threat to his life  As the special agent of al-Askari, Uthman also claimed that he had been appointed to represent the son of the eleventh Imam  Twelver sources detail that Muhammad al-Mahdi made his only public appearance to lead the funeral prayer for his father instead of his uncle, Ja'far As the closest associate of al-Askari, the local representatives and the Shia community largely recognized Uthman's claim to be the agent of the Hidden Imam  However, there were possibly doubts among the Shia about Uthman's authority to collect and distribute the religious donations  In his new capacity as the caretaker of the office of imamate, Uthman also received petitions and made available their responses, sometimes in writing The date of his death is not certain, but it is believed that Uthman did not survive al-Askari for long  Klemm holds that Uthman died in 880 CE  Uthman was succeeded by his son, Abu Ja'far Muhammad, as the next agent of the Hidden Imam  Tusi in his Rijal reports that the eleventh Imam had appointed Uthman and his son as agents of his son, Muhammad, in the presence of a group of Yemeni followers 

See also
Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Uthman
Abu al-Qasim al-Husayn ibn Ruh al-Nawbakhti
Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad al-Samarri
Passage 10:
Nasir (footballer)
Nasir (born 8 October 1995) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays for Liga 1 club Dewa United, mainly as a left back but also as a left winger 

Club career
Arema FC
At first he was just following his selection at Arema FC, but when Ahmad Nufiandani joined PS TNI, Nasir also got a place to fill the slot for U-23 players  Nasir could follow the selection in Arema FC because it was recommended by former Arema FC players, Andi Robot  He was able to captivate the attention of the coaching team during the selection 

Persebaya Surabaya
He was signed for Persebaya Surabaya to play in the Liga 1 in the 2020 season  This season was suspended on 27 March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic  The season was abandoned and was declared void on 20 January 2021 

Persela Lamongan
He was signed for Persela Lamongan to play in 2021 Menpora Cup and Liga 1 in the 2021 season  Nasir made his debut on 4 September 2021 in a match against PSIS Semarang at the Wibawa Mukti Stadium, Cikarang 

Dewa United
Nasir was signed for Dewa United to play in Liga 1 in the 2022–23 season  He made his debut on 1 October 2022 in a match against RANS Nusantara at the Indomilk Arena, Tangerang 

Career statistics
Club
As of match played 8 July 2023

Honours
Club
Arema

Indonesia President's Cup: 2017, 2019Persebaya Surabaya

East Java Governor Cup: 2020



ground_truth: yes