prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Which film has the director who was born later, The Man Is Armed or Wolf Warrior?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Rumbi Katedza
Rumbi Katedza is a Zimbabwean Film Producer and Director who was born on 17 January 1974 

Early life and education
She did her Primary and Secondary Education in Harare, Zimbabwe  Katedza graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in English from McGill University, Canada in 1995  In 2008 Katedza received the Chevening Scholarship that enabled her to further her studies in film  She also holds a MA in Filmmaking from Goldsmiths College, London University 

Work and filmography
Katedza has experience in Film and TV Production, Directing, Writing as well as Producing and presenting Radio shows  From 1994 to 2000, She produced and presented radio shows on Women's issues, Arts and Culture, Hip Hop and Acid Jazz for the CKUT (Montreal) and ZBC Radio 3 (Zimbabwe)  From 2004 - 2006, she served as the Festival Director of the Zimbabwe International Film Festival  Whilst there, she produced the Postcards from Zimbabwe Series  In 2008, Katedza founded Mai Jai Films and has produced numerous films and television productions under the banner namely

Tariro (2008);
Big House, Small House (2009);
The Axe and the Tree (2011);
The Team (2011)
Playing Warriors (2012)Her early works include:

Danai (2002);
Postcards from Zimbabwe (2006);
Trapped (2006 – Rumbi Katedza, Marcus Korhonen);
Asylum (2007);
Insecurity Guard (2007)Rumbi Katedza is a part-time lecturer at the University of Zimbabwe, in the department of Theatre Arts  She is a judge and monitor at the National Arts Merit Awards, responsible for monitoring new film and TV productions throughout the year on behalf of the National Arts Council of Zimbabwe  She has also lobbied Zimbabwean government to actively support the film industry 
Passage 2:
Sam the Man
Sam the Man is a 2001 American film directed by Gary Winick and starring Fisher Stevens 

Plot
A writer having difficulty completing his second novel goes on a journey of self-discovery 

Cast
External links
Sam the Man at IMDb
Sam the Man at Rotten Tomatoes
Passage 3:
The Man Is Armed
The Man Is Armed is a 1956 film noir crime film directed by Franklin Adreon starring Dane Clark, William Talman, May Wynn and Robert Horton 

Plot
Framed by another man, truck driver Johnny Morrison serves a year in prison  After his release, Johnny confronts the man, Mitch Mitchell, who plunges off a roof to his death 
Johnny then learns that his former employer, Hackett, was the one who set him up as a fall guy  Hackett claims it was a test of loyalty, and since Johnny passed, he now stands to earn $100,000 for helping Hackett pull off the robbery of an armored transport company 
Johnny's old girlfriend, Carol Wayne, still has feelings for him, even though she has been seeing Mike Benning, a young doctor  While the death of Mitchell is investigated by police Lt  Coster as a homicide, Johnny and three other thugs pull off the heist 
Unable to get the loot to Hackett due to roadblocks, Johnny hides out  Hackett, believing he has been double-crossed, shoots Johnny and buries the money on his family farm, but the police catch up to him  A wounded Johnny knocks out Mike and abducts Carol, but collapses and dies after a few steps  Mike leads Carol away as the cops arrive 

Cast
Dane Clark as Johnny Morrison
William Talman as Hackett
May Wynn as Carol Wayne
Robert Horton as Dr  Michael Benning
Barton MacLane as Det  Lt  Dan Coster
Fredd Wayne as Egan
Richard Benedict as Lew 'Mitch' Mitchell
Richard Reeves as Rutberg
Harry Lewis as Cole
Bobby Jordan as Thorne
Larry J  Blake as Ray Perkins
Darlene Fields as Terrycloth
John Mitchum as Officer

See also
List of American films of 1956
Passage 4:
Wolf Warrior
Wolf Warrior (Chinese: 战狼) is a 2015 Chinese war film written and directed by Wu Jing  It stars Wu Jing along with Scott Adkins, Yu Nan and Kevin Lee  It was released on 2 April 2015  A sequel, titled Wolf Warrior 2, was released in China in 2017 and became the all-time highest-grossing film in China 

Plot
In 2008, a combined task group of People's Liberation Army Special Operations Forces and Chinese police raid a drug smuggling operation in an abandoned chemical facility in southern China  The leader of the smuggling operation, Wu Ji, holds one of his own men hostage while taking cover behind a section of the facility's reinforced wall 
Leng Feng, a skilled PLA sniper, ignores orders to stand down and fires three shots at a weak section of the wall, penetrating through on the third shot and killing Wu Ji  Leng Feng is sent to solitary confinement as punishment, but is approached by Long Xiaoyun, the female commander of the legendary 'Wolf Warriors', an elite unit within the PLA tasked with simulating foreign tactics for the PLA to train against  Long Xiaoyun offers Leng Feng a place in the Wolf Warriors  Meanwhile, in the Philippines, crime lord Min Deng, the older brother of Wu Ji, hires ex-US Navy SEAL “Tom Cat” (Scott Adkins) and his group to assassinate Leng Feng and avenge his brother 
The Wolf Warriors participate in a training exercise in a remote and uninhabited forested region on China's southern border  During the exercise, Tom Cat and his mercenaries ambush a Wolf Warrior squad, killing one of Leng Feng's comrades  Subsequently, the PLA and the Wolf Warriors are tasked with hunting down Tom Cat‘s squad to restore their honor  The combined infantry force move into the forest but are delayed by multiple traps set by Tom Cat and pinned down by sniper fire until Leng Feng manages to kill the shooter  Afterwards, the rest of the PLA force engages Tom Cat's other mercenaries, who stage a fighting retreat but are eventually overwhelmed and killed one by one  Meanwhile, Long Xiaoyun and the other PLA commanders deduce that Ming Deng himself is also in the training area to take possession of a smuggled cache of biotechnology, which could allow the creation of a genetic weapon that could target Chinese people exclusively 
Leng Feng eventually catches Tom Cat just before China's southern border  Leng Feng is nearly defeated, but manages to kill Tom Cat with his own knife  Medical personnel from a PLA relief force arrive, but Leng Feng recognises the wrist tattoo of the medic that approaches him and realizes that they are Min Deng's men in PLA uniforms  He attacks them, eventually holding Min Deng himself at bayonet point on the very edge of the Chinese border  Min Deng's paramilitary force approaches from the other side of the border, but so do the rest of the Wolf Warriors and PLA soldiers  Min Deng's force retreats, leaving him to be arrested 

Cast
Wu Jing as Leng Feng, a marksman in the People's Liberation Army who was initially court martialled and reprimanded for failing to obey a direct order during an operation  He is later recruited into a Chinese Special Forces Unit called "War Wolf" after Long Xiaoyun takes an interest in him 
Yu Nan as Lieutenant Colonel Long Xiaoyun, Commander of the Chinese Special Forces Unit "War Wolf"
Ni Dahong as Ming Deng, a drug lord who hires a group of foreign mercenaries to avenge his brother's death at the hands of Leng Feng 
Scott Adkins as "Tom Cat," a former US Navy SEAL turned mercenary, who is hired by Meng Deng to kill Leng Feng
Kevin Lee as "Mad Cow"
Shi Zhaoqi
Zhou Xiaoou
Fang Zibin
Guo Guangping
Ru Ping
Hong Wei
Wang Sen
Zhuang Xiaolong
Chris Collins

Production
The script went through 14 drafts over seven years  In order to portray more realistic combat scenes, the movie used five missiles (each at a value of one million yuan), more than 30,000 rounds of ammunition, and a variety of Chinese active military aircraft, including the Chengdu J-10, Harbin Z-9, and CAIC Z-10  In one large battle scene, 32 active tanks appeared in the same shot, including a Type 96 tank In order to prepare for the film, with the support of Chinese PLA Nanjing Military Region, Wu Jing trained for 18 months at a camp in Nanjing Military Region  
On the first day of shooting, it was the hottest summer in Nanjing's history  The temperature was up to 49 8 °C, making 5 extra actors suffer from shock 
Most of the film was made on location in Jiangsu province, at sites including Nanjing and Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum 

Box office
As of 25 May 2015, it has earned US$89 11 million in China In China, it opened on 2 April 2015, earning US$33 32 million in its 4-day opening weekend topping the Chinese box office  In its second weekend, it fell to number two, earning US$36 19 million (behind Furious 7) 

Critical response
The film had an overall rating of 6 8 on the Chinese review site Douban as of August 2017  Variety magazine wrote: "To a layperson's eyes, the military exercise does look authentic, and the cross-country skirmishes are ruggedly watchable on an acrobatic level  Yet it's impossible to overlook the inanity of the plotting" 

Awards
International influence
Wolf Warrior and its sequel, Wolf Warrior 2, are the namesake of China's aggressive 'wolf warrior diplomacy' under Xi Jinping's administration 
Passage 5:
Edward Yates
Edward J  Yates (September 16, 1918 – June 2, 2006) was an American television director who was the director of the ABC television program American Bandstand from 1952 until 1969 

Biography
Yates became a still photographer after graduating from high school in 1936  After serving in World War II, he became employed by Philadelphia's WFIL-TV as a boom microphone operator  He was later promoted to cameraman (important as most programming was done live and local during the early years of television) and earned a bachelor's degree in communications in 1950 from the University of Pennsylvania 
In October 1952, Yates volunteered to direct Bandstand, a new concept featuring local teens dancing to the latest hits patterned after the "950 Club" on WPEN-AM  The show debuted with Bob Horn as host and took off after Dick Clark, already a radio veteran at age 26, took over in 1956 
It was broadcast live in its early years, even after it became part of the ABC network's weekday afternoon lineup in 1957 as American Bandstand  Yates pulled records, directed the cameras, queued the commercials and communicated with Clark via a private line telephone located on his podium 
In 1964, Clark moved the show to Los Angeles, taking Yates with him 
Yates retired from American Bandstand in 1969, and moved his family to the Philadelphia suburb of West Chester 
He died in 2006 at a nursing home where he had been for the last two months of his life 

External links
Edward Yates at IMDb
Passage 6:
Arms and the Man (1932 film)
Arms and the Man is a 1932 British film based on the play Arms and the Man by George Bernard Shaw  It was written and directed by Cecil Lewis 
Passage 7:
Wu Jing (actor)
Wu Jing, also known as Jacky Wu, (Chinese: 吴京; pinyin: Wú Jīng; born 3 April 1974) is a Chinese actor, director and martial artist best known for his roles in various martial arts films such as Tai Chi Boxer, Fatal Contact, the Sha Po Lang films, and as Leng Feng in Wolf Warrior, its sequel Wolf Warrior 2, and most recently The Battle at Lake Changjin  Wu Jing is one of the most profitable actors in China and his movies are often the highest grossed films in China and around the world  Wu ranked first on the Forbes China Celebrity 100 list in 2019 and 23rd in 2020 

Career
In April 1995, Wu was spotted by martial arts choreographer Yuen Woo-ping, Wu played Hawkman / Jackie in 1996 film Tai Chi Boxer, his first Hong Kong film debut  Since then Wu has appeared in numerous mainland Chinese wuxia television series  He has also worked with choreographer and director Lau Kar-leung in 2003 film Drunken Monkey  Wu achieved success in Hong Kong action cinema for his role as a vicious assassin in 2005 film SPL: Sha Po Lang In 2006, Wu was continuing his move into Hong Kong cinema by starring in the film Fatal Contact  Wu is the male lead in 2007 film Twins Mission, starring the Twins duo  He also worked on the police action film Invisible Target which was released in July 2007 In March 2008, Wu made his directorial debut, alongside action choreographer Nicky Li, on his film Legendary Assassin 
Wu played the Assassin in The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor his American film debut Wu played Jing Neng in 2011 martial arts film Shaolin alongside Nicholas Tse, Andy Lau and Jackie Chan  Wu reprised a different role as Chan Chi-kit in the 2015 Hong Kong action film SPL II: A Time for Consequences Wu directed and starred in the action war film Wolf Warrior and its 2017 sequel Wolf Warrior 2  The latter film has become a hit at the Chinese summer box office and became the highest grossing film in China In 2019, Wu starred in hit film The Wandering Earth, based on a novella of the same name by Liu Cixin  When he discovered that the production team lacked funds to complete the film, he invested his own money to make up for the shortfall  The film ended up grossing $700 million worldwide, including $691 million in China but only 9 million for the rest of the world combined  It became China's third highest-grossing film of all time, 2019's third highest-grossing film worldwide, the second highest-grossing non-English film to date, and one of the top 20 highest-grossing science fiction films to date 

Personal life
Wu Jing and Xie Nan's relationship began in 2012 and they got married in 2014  On 25 August 2014, Wu Jing's wife gave birth to a son Wu Suowei (吴所谓) (also named as Wu You (吴滺))  On 24 September 2018, they had a second son Wu Lü (吴律) 

Filmography
Film
Television series
Accolades
Passage 8:
Franklin Adreon
Franklin "Pete" Adreon (November 18, 1902 – September 10, 1979) was an American film and television director, producer, screenwriter, and actor 

Early life and career
Born in Gambrills, Maryland, Adreon was a Marine Reservist during the 30s, and served in the United States Marine Corps in World War II   Serving initially with the 6th Marines in Iceland, Major Adreon was put in charge of the Marine Corps Photographic Unit in Quantico Adreon, an ex-bond salesman who entered motion pictures in 1935 with no experience, landed some small paying jobs, including as a technical advisor on the serial The Fighting Marines (in which he also appeared in the role of Captain Holmes)   This led to a writing position at Mascot Pictures and its successor Republic Pictures   Adreon stayed with the serial unit and soon, through hard work and toil, was awarded the title of associate producer  Adreon stayed with the studio for nearly all of its short life  He worked with serial director William Witney at Republic Pictures, who was also in the Marines in the war 
He then worked as a director, producer, and writer on various television series and films 
Adreon died on September 10, 1979, in Thousand Oaks, California, at the age of 76 

Selected filmography
Passage 9:
W  Augustus Barratt
W  Augustus Barratt (3 June 1873 – 12 April 1947) was a Scottish-born, later American, songwriter and musician 

Early life and songs
Walter Augustus Barratt was born 3 June 1873 in Kilmarnock, the son of composer John Barratt; the family later lived in Paisley  In 1893 he won a scholarship for composition to the Royal College of Music 
In his early twenties he contributed to The Scottish Students' Song Book, with three of his own song compositions and numerous arrangements 
By the end of 1897 he had published dozens of songs, such as Sir Patrick Spens, The Death of Cuthullin, an album of his own compositions, and arrangements of ten songs by Samuel Lover 
He then, living in London, turned his attention to staged musical comedy, co-creating, with Adrian Ross, The Tree Dumas Skiteers, a skit, based on Sydney Grundy's The Musketeers that starred Herbert Beerbohm Tree  He co-composed with Howard Talbot the successful Kitty Grey (1900) He continued to write songs and to receive recognition for them  The 1901 and 1902 BBC Promenade Concerts, "The Proms", included four of his compositions, namely Come back, sweet Love, The Mermaid, My Peggy and Private Donald 
His setting of My Ships, a poem by Ella Wheeler Wilcox, was performed by Clara Butt and republished several times  It also appeared four times, with different singers, in the 1913 and 1914 Proms 

America
In September 1904 he went to live in New York City, finding employment with shows on Broadway, including the following roles:

on-stage actor (Sir Benjamin Backbite) in Lady Teazle (1904-1905), a musical version of The School for Scandal;
musical director of The Little Michus (1907), also featuring songs by Barratt;
co-composer of Miss Pocahontas (1907), a musical comedy;
musical director of The Love Cure (1909–1910), a musical romance;
composer of The Girl and the Drummer (1910), a musical romance with book by George Broadhurst  Tried out in Chicago and elsewhere, it did not do well and never reached Broadway;
musical director of The Quaker Girl (1911–1912);
co-composer and musical director of My Best Girl (1912);
musical director of The Sunshine Girl (1913);
musical director of The Girl who Smiles (1915), a musical comedy;
musical director and contributor to music and lyrics of Her Soldier Boy (1916–1917);
composer, lyricist and musical director of Fancy Free (1918), with book by Dorothy Donnelly and Edgar Smith;
contributor of a song to The Passing Show of 1918;
composer and musical director of Little Simplicity (1918), with book and lyrics by Rida Johnson Young;
contributor of lyrics to The Melting of Molly (1918–1919), a musical comedy;
musical director of What's in a Name? (1920), a musical revue

1921 in London
Though domiciled in the US, he made several visits back to England  During an extended stay in 1921 he played a major part in the creation of two shows, both produced by Charles B  Cochran, namely

League of Notions, at the New Oxford Theatre, for which he composed the music and co-wrote, with John Murray Anderson, the lyrics;
Fun of the Fayre, at the London Pavilion, for which similarly he wrote the music and co-wrote the lyrics

Back to Broadway
Back in the US he returned to Broadway, working as
composer and lyricist of Jack and Jill (1923), a musical comedy;
musical director of The Silver Swan (1929), a musical romance

Radio plays
In later years he wrote plays and operettas mostly for radio, such as:

Snapshots: a radioperetta (1929)
Sushannah and the Brush Wielders: a play in 1 act (1929)
The Magic Voice: a radio series (1933)
Men of Action: a series of radio sketches (1933)
Say, Uncle: a radio series (1933)
Sealed Orders: a radio drama (1934)
Sergeant Gabriel (with Hugh Abercrombie) (1945)

Personal
In 1897 in London he married Lizzie May Stoner  They had one son  In 1904 he emigrated to the US and lived in New York City  His first marriage ended in divorce in 1915 and, in 1918, he married Ethel J Moore, who was American  In 1924, he became a naturalized American citizen  He died on 12 April 1947 in New York City 

Note on his first name
The book British Musical Biography by Brown & Stratton (1897) in its entry for John Barratt refers to "his son William Augustus Barratt" with details that make it clear that Walter Augustus Barratt is the same person and that a "William" Augustus Barratt is a mistake  For professional purposes up to about 1900 he appears to have written as "W  Augustus Barratt", and thereafter mostly as simply "Augustus Barratt" 
Passage 10:
Hassan Zee
Hassan "Doctor" Zee is a Pakistani-American film director who was born in Chakwal, Pakistan 

Early life
Doctor Zee grew up in Chakwal, a small village in Punjab, Pakistan  as one of seven brothers and sisters  His father was in the military and this fact required the family to move often to different cities  As a child Zee was forbidden from watching cinema because his father believed movies were a bad influence on children 
At age 13, Doctor Zee got his start in the world of entertainment at Radio Pakistan where he wrote and produced radio dramas and musical programs   It was then that he realized his passion for storytelling At the age of 26, Doctor Zee earned his medical doctorate degree and did his residency in a burn unit at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences  He cared for women who were victims of  "Bride Burning," the archaic practice used as a form of punishment against women who fail to provide sufficient dowry to their in-laws after marriage or fail to provide offspring   He also witnessed how his country’s transgender and intersex people, called “hijras”, were banned from having jobs and forced to beg to survive  These experiences inspired Doctor Zee to tackle the issues of women’s empowerment and gender inequality in his films In 1999, he came to San Francisco to pursue his dream of filmmaking and made San Francisco his home

Education
He received his early education from Jinnah Public School, Chakwal  He got his medical doctor degree at Rawalpindi Medical College, Pakistan 

Film career
Doctor Zee's first film titled Night of Henna was released in 2005  The theme of the film dealt with "the conflict between Old World immigrant customs and modern Western ways   " Night of Henna focused on the problems of Pakistani expatriates who found it hard to adjust in American culture  Many often landed themselves in trouble when it came to marrying off their children 
His second film Bicycle Bride came out in 2010, which was about "the clash between the bonds of family and the weight of tradition " His third film House of Temptation that came out in 2014 was about a family which struggles against the temptations of the Devil  His fourth film “Good Morning Pakistan”, concerned a young American’s journey back to Pakistan where he confronts the contradictory nature of a beautiful and ancient culture that's marred by economic, educational and gender inequality His upcoming fifth film, "Ghost in San Francisco" is a supernatural thriller starring Felissa Rose, Dave Sheridan, and Kyle Lowder where a soldier comes home from Afghanistan to discover that his wife is having an affair with his best friend  While battling with his inner ghosts and demons, he meets a mysterious woman in San Francisco who promises him a ritual for his cure 
Context 2: Passage 1:
Place of birth
The place of birth (POB) or birthplace is the place where a person was born  This place is often used in legal documents, together with name and date of birth, to uniquely identify a person  Practice regarding whether this place should be a country, a territory or a city/town/locality differs in different countries, but often city or territory is used for native-born citizen passports and countries for foreign-born ones 
As a general rule with respect to passports, if the place of birth is to be a country, it's determined to be the country that currently has sovereignty over the actual place of birth, regardless of when the birth actually occurred  The place of birth is not necessarily the place where the parents of the new baby live  If the baby is born in a hospital in another place, that place is the place of birth  In many countries, this also means that the government requires that the birth of the new baby is registered in the place of birth 
Some countries place less or no importance on the place of birth, instead using alternative geographical characteristics for the purpose of identity documents  For example, Sweden has used the concept of födelsehemort ("domicile of birth") since 1947  This means that the domicile of the baby's mother is the registered place of birth  The location of the maternity ward or other physical birthplace is considered unimportant 
Similarly, Switzerland uses the concept of place of origin  A child born to Swiss parents is automatically assigned the place of origin of the parent with the same last name, so the child either gets their mother's or father's place of origin  A child born to one Swiss parent and one foreign parent acquires the place of origin of their Swiss parent  In a Swiss passport and identity card, the holder's place of origin is stated, not their place of birth  In Japan, the registered domicile is a similar concept 
In some countries (primarily in the Americas), the place of birth automatically determines the nationality of the baby, a practice often referred to by the Latin phrase jus soli  Almost all countries outside the Americas instead attribute nationality based on the nationality(-ies) of the baby's parents (referred to as jus sanguinis) 
There can be some confusion regarding the place of birth if the birth takes place in an unusual way: when babies are born on an airplane or at sea, difficulties can arise  The place of birth of such a person depends on the law of the countries involved, which include the nationality of the plane or ship, the nationality(-ies) of the parents and/or the location of the plane or ship (if the birth occurs in the territorial waters or airspace of a country) 
Some administrative forms may request the applicant's "country of birth"  It is important to determine from the requester whether the information requested refers to the applicant's "place of birth" or "nationality at birth"  For example, US citizens born abroad who acquire US citizenship at the time of birth, the nationality at birth will be USA (American), while the place of birth would be the country in which the actual birth takes place 

Reference list
8 FAM 403 4 Place of Birth
Passage 2:
Motherland (disambiguation)
Motherland is the place of one's birth, the place of one's ancestors, or the place of origin of an ethnic group 
Motherland may also refer to:

Music
"Motherland" (anthem), the national anthem of Mauritius
National Song (Montserrat), also called "Motherland"
Motherland (Natalie Merchant album), 2001
Motherland (Arsonists Get All the Girls album), 2011
Motherland (Daedalus album), 2011
"Motherland" (Crystal Kay song), 2004

Film and television
Motherland (1927 film), a 1927 British silent war film
Motherland (2010 film), a 2010 documentary film
Motherland (2015 film), a 2015 Turkish drama
Motherland (2022 film), a 2022 documentary film about the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War
Motherland (TV series), a 2016 British television series
Motherland: Fort Salem, a 2020 American science fiction drama series

Other uses
Motherland Party (disambiguation), the name of several political groups
Personifications of Russia, including a list of monuments called Motherland

See also
All pages with titles containing Motherland
Mother Country (disambiguation)
Passage 3:
Dag Ole Teigen
Dag Ole Teigen (born 10 August 1982 in Volda) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party (AP)  He represented Hordaland in the Norwegian Parliament, where he met from 2005-2009 in the place of Anne-Grete Strøm-Erichsen, who was appointed to a government position  He was elected on his own right to serve a full term from 2009-2013 
Teigen was a member of the Standing Committee on Health and Care Services from 2005-2009, and a member of the Standing Committee on Finance and Economic Affairs from 2009-2013 
He holds a master's degree in public policy and management from the University of Agder (2014), and a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Bergen (2004)  He participated at The Oxford Experience in 2013 
He was elected to the municipality council of Fjell in 2003  He is a member of Mensa 

Parliamentary Committee duties
2005 - 2009 member of the Standing Committee on Health and Care Services 
2009 - 2013 member of the Standing Committee on Finance and Economic Affairs 

External links
"Dag Ole Teigen" (in Norwegian)  Storting 
Passage 4:
William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (died 1469)
William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke KG (c  1423 – 27 July 1469), known as "Black William", was a Welsh nobleman, soldier, politician, and courtier 

Life
He was the son of William ap Thomas, founder of Raglan Castle, and Gwladys ferch Dafydd Gam, and grandson of Dafydd Gam, an adherent of King Henry V of England  His father had been an ally of Richard of York, and Herbert supported the Yorkist cause in the Wars of the Roses  In 1461 Herbert was rewarded by King Edward IV with the title Baron Herbert of Raglan (having assumed an English-style surname in place of the Welsh patronymic), and was invested as a Knight of the Garter 
Soon after the decisive Yorkist victory at the Battle of Towton in 1461, Herbert replaced Jasper Tudor as Earl of Pembroke which gave him control of Pembroke Castle – and with it, he gained the wardship of young Henry Tudor  However, he fell out with Lord Warwick "the Kingmaker" in 1469, when Warwick turned against the King  Herbert was denounced by Warwick and the Duke of Clarence as one of the king's "evil advisers"  William and his brother Richard were executed by Warwick in Northampton, after the Battle of Edgcote, which took place in South Northamptonshire, near Banbury Herbert was succeeded by his son, William, but the earldom was surrendered in 1479  It was later revived for a grandson, another William Herbert, the son of Black William's illegitimate son, Sir Richard Herbert of Ewyas 

Marriage and children
He married Anne Devereux, daughter of Walter Devereux, Lord Chancellor of Ireland and Elizabeth Merbury  They had at least ten children:

William Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (5 March 1451 – 16 July 1491) 
Sir Walter Herbert  (c  1452 – d  16 September 1507) Married Lady Anne Stafford, sister to the Duke of Buckingham 
Sir George Herbert of St  Julians 
Philip Herbert of Lanyhangel 
Cecilie Herbert 
Maud Herbert  Married Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland 
Katherine Herbert  Married George Grey, 2nd Earl of Kent 
Anne Herbert  Married John Grey, 1st Baron Grey of Powis, 9th Lord of Powys (died 1497) 
Isabel Herbert  Married Sir Thomas Cokesey 
Margaret Herbert  Married first Thomas Talbot, 2nd Viscount Lisle and secondly Sir Henry Bodringham William had three illegitimate sons but the identities of their mothers are unconfirmed:

Sir Richard Herbert of Ewyas  Father of William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (10th Creation)  Probably son of Maud, daughter of Adam ap Howell Graunt (Gwynn) 
Sir George Herbert  The son of Frond verch Hoesgyn  Married Sybil Croft 
Sir William Herbert of Troye  Son of Frond verch Hoesgyn  Married, second, Blanche Whitney (née Milborne) see Blanche Milborne  They had two sons 

See also
The White Queen (miniseries)
Passage 5:
Angelitha Wass
Angelitha Wass (Hungarian: [ˈɒŋɡɛlitɒ ˈvɒʃʃ]; 15th century – after 1521) was a Hungarian lady's maid of Anne of Foix-Candale, Queen consort of Bohemia and Hungary, and later a mistress of Anne's son, Louis II Jagiellon, King of Hungary 

Life
She became pregnant by King Louis and gave birth to an illegitimate son, János (John) Wass, self-titled "Prince John"  John was never officially recognized as the son of the king  His and his mother's names appear in the sources of the Chamber in Pozsony (now Bratislava) as either János Wass or János Lanthos, which could refer to the fact that he used his mother's name first, then that of his occupation (lantos means 'lutanist, bard') 
Angelitha Wass married a Hungarian nobleman but did not have any further issue  She died as a widow 
Passage 6:
Anne Devereux
Anne Devereux, Countess of Pembroke (c
Context 3: Passage 1:
Clara Law
Clara Law Cheuk-yiu (traditional Chinese: 羅卓瑤; simplified Chinese: 罗卓瑶; pinyin: Luó Zhuóyáo; Jyutping: lo4 coek3 jiu4, born 29 May 1957 in Macau) is a Hong Kong Second Wave film director who currently resides in Australia 

Early life
Clara Law was born on 29 May 1957 in Macau  At the age of 10 she moved to Hong Kong  Law studied at the University of Hong Kong and graduated with a degree in English Literature  In 1978 she joined Radio Television Hong Kong as an assistant producer and director  During her time there she tried many aspects of television from screenwriting to directing  Between 1978 and 1981 she directed twelve drama programs for the television channel  In 1982 she began studying film direction and writing at the National Film and Television School in England  She won the Silver Plaque Award at the Chicago Film Festival in 1985 for her graduation film They Say the Moon is Fuller Here 

Career
1985–1994
In 1985 she returned to Hong Kong and began development on her first long feature film The Other Half and the Other Half, which was released in 1988  Since her return to Hong Kong she has worked with Eddie Fong on all of her projects  In 1989 she created her second film The Reincarnation of Golden Lotus  The film was screened at the Toronto Film Festival and was released commercially in the US  A year later she created Farewell China  It won the Special Jury Award at the Torino Film Festival  She was also nominated for best director at the Hong Kong Film Awards for the film  She directed Fruit Punch in 1991, which was a commercial film produced by a large Hong Kong film studio  In 1992 she directed and produced Autumn Moon  The film was a hit in the film festival circuit  It won the Golden Leopard Award at the Locarno Film Festival in 1992, as well as the European Art Theatres Association Best Picture Award and the Youth Special Jury Award in Switzerland and the Best Screenplay in Valencia (1994)  It was also awarded at the Belgium and Portugal film festivals  Autumn Moon was selected for official screenings at the New York Film Festival as well as in Sundance, Toronto, London, Rotterdam, Gothenburg, Thessaloniki, Nantes, San Francisco, Créteil, Dublin, Puerto Rico, Seattle, Jerusalem, New Delhi, Wellington, Midnight Sun Finland, Rio de Janeiro, Reykjavik, Ghent, Munich, Ankara, Sydney and Melbourne  In 1993 she released Temptation of a Monk  The film is an adaptation of a novella by Lillian Lee  The film was shot entirely on location in the north and northwestern part of China  The film was selected for competition at the Venice Film Festival in 1993  It won the Grand Prix at the Créteil International Film Festival in France (1994)  The film was also selected for official screenings at the Toronto, Sundance, Rotterdam and Brisbane film festivals, and as the closing film at the L A  Film Festival  In 1994, Law finished a segment of the movie Erotique called Wonton Soup  Later that year she and Eddie Fong moved to Australia 

1994 – present
She moved to Australia with Eddie Fong in 1994  The pair's first film after their move to Australia is Floating Life, which was completed in 1996  It won the Silver Leopard Award at the Locarno Film Festival in 1996, and two other awards including Best Film, it was selected by Prix FICC and the "Ambiente salute: Qualita di vita" award  It also won the Best Film and Best Director Awards at the Gijon International Film Festival in Spain, and the Grand Prix at the Créteil International Film Festival in France  It was nominated for three awards at the Australian Film Institute Awards including Best Director and Best Screenplay, and it received nine nominations at the Golden Horse International Film Festival in Taiwan, including the awards for Best Film, Best Director and Best Screenplay  Floating Life was also Australia's official entry in the Best Foreign Language Film category at the 69th Academy Awards (1997)  The film was also screened at the Sydney, Melbourne, London, Rotterdam, Hof, Stockholm, Toronto and Hawaii film festivals  The Goddess of 1967, shot on location in the outback of Australia and Tokyo, was completed in 2000  It was in competition at the Venice film festival in 2000 where Rose Byrne won the Best Actress Award  What's more, Clara Law was nominated for the Golden Lion in Venice  The film also pocketed the Best Director Award at the Chicago International Film Festival, the Best Director Award at the Teplice Art Film Festival in Slovakia and the FIPRESCI Critics' Award for Best Film at the Tromsø Film Festival in Norway  The film was also selected for official screenings at the Toronto, London, Pusan, Hof, Vancouver, Hawaii, Taipei, Rotterdam, Jerusalem, Karlovy Vary and Oslo film festivals  She directed her first digital documentary in 2004 called Letters to Ali with Eddie Fong who co-produced, edited, and shot the film  The film was selected for competition at the Venice Film Festival and for official screenings at the Toronto, Pusan, Gothenburg and Melbourne film festivals  She completed Like a Dream in 2009  This film marked her return to Asia  The film was nominated in nine categories at the 2009 Golden Horse Awards  It also opened the 2010 Hong Kong International Film Festival  In 2010, Law made a short film, Red Earth, commissioned by the Hong Kong International Film Festival  The short was selected in the Horizon category at the 2010 Venice film festival Law's films explore themes surrounding migration and exile, including loyalty, family, love, and nostalgia  She has used a variety of visual and narrative styles throughout her oeuvre to interrogate cultural dislocation and its effect on individuals and communities 

Filmography
Awards and nominations
See also
List of graduates of University of Hong Kong
Passage 2:
I'll Get By (film)
I'll Get By is a 1950 American comedy musical film directed by Richard Sale, and starring June Haver, Gloria DeHaven and William Lundigan 
This story follows themes explored in 1940's Tin Pan Alley, with updated characters and music  The plot revolves around songwriters and their struggles in the music industry 

Plot
Song plugger Bill Spencer runs into Liza Martin, literally  He slams a door into her accidentally while rushing to bring a new recording to Peter Pepper, an influential New York disc jockey  The record breaks 
After he is fired, Bill opens his own music publishing business  He hires a secretary, Miss Murphy, and gains a partner in Freddy Lee, a young man from Texas, with whom he peddles a song that piano player Chester Dooley has written  They hear the singer Terry Martin is performing with trumpeter Harry James at a club, so they go there to pitch the song to her  Terry's sister is also in the act; she is Liza, the girl Bill once awkwardly met 
Freddy annoys Terry but the girls like the song, "I'll Get By," and agree to record it  Before long, it and they become huge successes  But, before a benefit in Hollywood, when the actress Jeanne Crain asks to perform the song, Bill says no because he promised it to Liza, but behind his back, Freddy agrees to let the actress have it  A furious Liza leaves Bill and refuses to listen to his attempts to explain 
The boys are drafted into the Marines, and when they report to a San Diego base, they run into Miss Murphy, who is now stationed there as an officer  After the boys ship out for duty, Miss Murphy goes out of her way to explain to Liza and Terry what happened with the song  The girls go on a USO show tour to the South Pacific where the guys have been sent, and all are reunited 

Cast
June Haver as Liza Martin
William Lundigan as William Spencer
Gloria DeHaven as Terry Martin
Dennis Day as Freddy Lee
Thelma Ritter as Miss Murphy
Harry James as Harry James (himself)
Jeanne Crain as Jeanne Crain (herself)
Steve Allen as Peter Pepper
Harry Antrim as Mr  Olinville
Danny Davenport as Chester Dooley
Dan Dailey as Pvt  Dan Dailey (himself)

Awards
Lionel Newman received a nomination for the 1951 Academy Award in the category of Best Music, Scoring for this film 
Passage 3:
The Reincarnation of Golden Lotus
The Reincarnation of Golden Lotus (Chinese: 潘金蓮之前世今生) is a 1989 Hong Kong film directed by Clara Law and produced by Teddy Robin, and written by Lilian Lee  The film stars Joey Wong, Eric Tsang, Wilson Lam, Pal Sinn, and Ku Feng  The film premiered in Taiwan on 4 August 1989 

Plot
During Song Dynasty, Pan Jinlian was beheaded by the warder, she is reborn into the body of a baby girl named Shan Yulian, in Shanghai, after the Chinese Communist Revolution 
The war orphaned Shan Yulian at an early age  She graduated from Shanghai Arts School, majoring in Ballet 
In 1966, Mao Zedong launched the Cultural Revolution, Shan Yulian was brought to be persecuted and suffered political persecution by the CPC Government, she was raped by the President of Shanghai Dance Troupe  During the Down to the Countryside Movement, Shan Yulian was sent to the May Seventh Cadre Schools to work, she married a stupid farmer Wu Da, but she falls in love with Wu Da's brother, Wu Long, at the same time, Simon, who is a local playboy start to pursue her, and she falls into a love triangle with Wu Long and Simon 

Cast
Joey Wong as Pan Jinlian/ Shan Yulian
Eric Tsang as Wu Da
Wilson Lam as Wu Long
Pal Sinn as Simon
Ku Feng

Release
The film was first released in Taiwan on 4 August 1989, and it was given a wider release on 16 February 1990 
The film was screened at the Toronto Festival of Festivals 
The film grossed $8,160,911 00 million 

Award
Passage 4:
9th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu
The 9th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu (January 6, 1933 – March 1, 2012) was the 9th reincarnation of the Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, the third highest lama in the Tibetan Buddhism hierarchy and the spiritual leader of the Gelug lineage among the Khalkha Mongols  Although recognized as the reincarnation of the Bogd Khan in 1936, his identity was kept a secret by the Dalai Lama until 1990, due to the persecution of the Buddhist religion by the Communist Mongolian People's Republic, and he did not reside in Mongolia until the final year of his life 

Biography
He was born as Jampal Namdol Chökyi Gyaltsen on the tenth day of the eleventh month of Water Monkey year (6 January 1933) near the Jokhang Temple in Lhasa, Tibet  Six months after his birth, his parents separated and his mother left him in the care of his uncle who was a bodyguard of the thirteenth Dalai Lama  The thirteenth Dalai Lama died in December 1933, and Reting Rinpoche became Regent of Tibet until a new Dalai Lama was discovered and crowned  In 1936, because of the inability of the Mongolian lamas to proclaim the discovery of the ninth Khutughtu, Reting Rinpoche recognised Jampal Namdol Chökyi Gyaltsen, then aged four, as the reincarnation of the Jetsundamba Khutughtu, after the boy passed three sets of tests  Due to the complex political situation, his existence was kept a secret  At the age of seven, he entered the Drepung Monastery, but because his identity was kept secret, he could not enter the Khalkha Mitsen, but had to follow the life of a common monk  At age 25, he renounced his monastic vows and became a householder, took a wife and had two children  When the fourteenth Dalai Lama escaped from Tibet in 1959, Jampal Namdol did also, fearing that his identity would be revealed and he would be killed or used by the Communists for propaganda 

In exile in India, he worked at various jobs, including in the Tibetan language section of All India Radio, and at Tibet House in New Delhi  His first wife died, and he remarried  In 1975, his family (now including seven children) moved to Karnataka



ground_truth: Wolf Warrior

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Where was the place of death of Anne Devereux's husband?

The following are given passages.
Context 2:  1430 – after 25 June 1486), was an English noblewoman, who was Countess of Pembroke during the 15th century by virtue of marriage to William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke 
She was born in Bodenham, the daughter of Sir Walter Devereux, the Lord Chancellor of Ireland, and his wife Elizabeth Merbury  Anne's grandfather, Walter, was the son of Agnes Crophull  By Crophull's second marriage to Sir John Parr, Anne was a cousin to the Parr family which included Sir Thomas Parr; father of King Henry VIII's last queen consort, Catherine Parr 

Marriage
About 1445, Anne married William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke, in Herefordshire, England  He was the second son of Sir William ap Thomas of Raglan, a member of the Welsh Gentry Family, and his second wife Gwladys ferch Dafydd Gam William Herbert was a very ambitious man  During the War of the Roses, Wales heavily supported the Lancastrian cause  Jasper Tudor, 1st Earl of Pembroke and other Lancastrians remained in control of fortresses at Pembroke, Harlech, Carreg Cennen, and Denbigh  
On 8 May 1461, as a loyal supporter of King Edward IV, Herbert was appointed Life Chamberlain of South Wales and steward of Carmarthenshire and Cardiganshire  King Edward's appointment signaled his intention to replace Jasper Tudor with Herbert, who thus would become the premier nobleman in Wales  Herbert was created Lord Herbert on 26 July 1461  Herbert was then ordered to seize the county and title of Earl of Pembroke from Jasper Tudor  By the end of August, Herbert had taken back control of Wales with the well fortified Pembroke Castle capitulating on 30 September 1461  
With this victory for the House of York came the inmate at Pembroke; the five-year-old nephew of Jasper Tudor, Henry, Earl of Richmond  Determined to enhance his power and arrange good marriages for his daughters, in March 1462 he paid 1,000 for the wardship of Henry Tudor  Herbert planned a marriage between Tudor and his eldest daughter, Maud  At the same time, Herbert secured the young Henry Percy who had just inherited the title of Earl of Northumberland  
Herbert's court at Raglan Castle was where young Henry Tudor would spend his childhood, under the supervision of Herbert's wife, Anne Devereux, who ensured that young Henry was well cared for 

Issue
The Earl and Countess of Pembroke had three sons and seven daughters:
Sir William Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, Earl of Huntingdon, married firstly to Mary Woodville; daughter of Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers and thus sister to King Edward IV's queen consort Elizabeth Woodville  He married secondly to Lady Katherine Plantagenet, the illegitimate daughter of King Richard III 
Sir Walter Herbert, husband of Lady Anne Stafford
Sir George Herbert
Lady Maud Herbert, wife of Sir Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland, 7th Lord Percy 
Lady Katherine Herbert, wife of Sir George Grey, 2nd Earl of Kent 
Lady Anne Herbert, wife of Sir John Grey, 1st Baron Grey of Powis 
Lady Margaret Herbert, wife of Sir Thomas Talbot, 2nd Viscount Lisle, and of Sir Walter Bodrugan 
Lady Cecily Herbert, wife of John Greystoke 
Lady Elizabeth Herbert, wife of Sir Thomas Cokesey 
Lady Crisli Herbert, wife of Mr  Cornwall The Earl of Pembroke also fathered several children by various mistresses 
Passage 7:
Anne Devereux-Mills
Anne Devereux-Mills (born March 2, 1962) is an American businesswoman, author, public speaker and entrepreneur  Anne Devereux-Mills spent the first 25 years of her career building and leading advertising agencies in New York City  She is now co-host of the Bring a Friend podcast and the Chief Instigator (and Founder) of Parlay House, a 7000+ member organization in 12 cities worldwide that champions and inspires women to connect and make meaningful change for themselves and for others 

Early life
Anne Devereux-Mills was born in Seattle, Washington, the daughter of Gene Bruce Brandzel and Elizabeth Ettenheim Brandzel and sister to Rachel Brandzel Weil and Susan Brandzel  She attended John Muir Elementary School, Eckstein Middle School and the Lakeside School  Devereux-Mills left Seattle in 1980 to attend Wellesley College in Wellesley, Massachusetts where she became President of the Senior Class and an active member of College Government 

Career
Devereux-Mills began her career in the Political Risk Department of Marsh and McLennan in New York City, but after just a few years, realized that her strengths lay elsewhere  Parlaying her skills in communications and client management through a series of career experiments, she found herself in the field of advertising where she specialized in healthcare  Once landing in a field that combined her strengths and her passions, she quickly climbed the corporate ladder, helping found the first Direct-to-consumer advertising agency for healthcare brands, called Consumer Healthworks, part of WPP  A few years later, she moved to Omnicom Group, building a direct to consumer practice for Harrison and Star where she went on to become president, then to Merkley and Partners where she was CEO of the Healthcare Division  From Merkley, she moved to BBDO where she was CEO of BBDO World Health as well as managing director and Chief Integration Officer  She then transitioned to TBWA\Chiat\Day as CEO of the global healthcare practice as well as chairman and CEO of LLNS Devereux-Mills left the field of advertising in 2009  Hit with the triple threat of progressing cancer, opting to have cancer surgery, Devereux-Mills moved to San Francisco where she founded Parlay House, a salon-style gathering for women that now has a national presence and thousands of members who come together to connect about what they care about rather than what they "do"  She is an active mentor of the SHE-CAN organization which takes high-performing women from post-genocide countries and helps them gain an American education so that they can then return to their countries and become the next generation of leaders  Devereux-Mills was one of the first supporting members of the iHUG Foundation which helps break the cycle of poverty for children in Kabalagala, Uganda by augmenting education with nutrition, healthcare and support services 
Until her retirement in April 2019, Devereux-Mills was one of a handful of women to serve as chairman of the board of a public company in her role at Marchex in Seattle, Washington  Devereux-Mills first served as a director on the Marchex board beginning in 2006, and was appointed Chairman in October 2016  Marchex is a leader in mobile marketing and call analytics  She was also on the Board of Lantern, a company that brought Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to people through mobile technology, thereby expanded access to clinical help and reduced the cost of care  Combining her career success, her interest in creating opportunities to connect and empower women as well as her natural leadership skills, Devereux-Mills is now a public speaker, who is focusing on issues of female empowerment, reframing reciprocity, and creating a new version of feminism that can address the issues so prevalent in our society 

Book: The Parlay Effect
In The Parlay Effect: The Transformative Power of Female Connection, Anne Devereux-Mills uses her insights as Founder of Parlay House to show how small actions can result in a meaningful boost in self-awareness, confidence and vision  Through a combination of scientific research and personal stories, The Parlay Effect offers a blueprint for anyone who is going through a life transition who wants to find and create communities that have a positive and multiplying effect in their impact 

Honours and awards
Working Mother of the Year from the She Runs It, (formerly Advertising Women of New York)
Leading Women in Technology from the All-Stars Foundation
Activist of the Year from Project Kesher
The Return, her documentary received a 2017 Emmy- nomination

Recorded talks
The Guild: Reframing Reciprocity, 2017
Watermark: Doing Well By Doing Good, 2016
The Battery: Small Actions Have Ripple Effects in Social Justice Reform, 2016
SHE-CAN: Pulling Women Forward SHE-CAN: Revolution 2 0, 2015
Passage 8:
Where Was I
"Where Was I?" may refer to:

Books
"Where Was I?", essay by David Hawley Sanford from The Mind's I
Where Was I?, book by John Haycraft 2006
Where was I?!, book by Terry Wogan 2009

Film and TV
Where Was I? (film), 1925 film directed by William A  Seiter  With Reginald Denny, Marian Nixon, Pauline Garon, Lee Moran 
Where Was I? (2001 film), biography about songwriter Tim Rose
Where Was I? (TV series) 1952–1953 Quiz show with the panelists attempting to guess a location by looking at photos
"Where Was I?" episode of Shoestring (TV series) 1980

Music
"Where was I", song by W  Franke Harling and Al Dubin performed by Ruby Newman and His Orchestra  with vocal chorus by  Larry Taylor and Peggy McCall  1939
"Where Was I", single from Charley Pride discography 1988
"Where Was I" (song), a 1994 song by Ricky Van Shelton
"Where Was I (Donde Estuve Yo)", song by Joe Pass from Simplicity (Joe Pass album)
"Where Was I?", song by Guttermouth from The Album Formerly Known as a Full Length LP (Guttermouth album)
"Where Was I", song by Sawyer Brown (Billy Maddox, Paul Thorn, Anne Graham) from Can You Hear Me Now 2002
"Where Was I?", song  by  Kenny Wayne Shepherd from Live On  1999
"Where Was I", song by Melanie Laine (Victoria Banks, Steve Fox) from Time Flies (Melanie Laine album)
"Where Was I", song by Rosie Thomas from With Love (Rosie Thomas album)
Passage 9:
Anne Devereux-Mills
Anne Devereux-Mills (born March 2, 1962) is an American businesswoman, author, public speaker and entrepreneur  Anne Devereux-Mills spent the first 25 years of her career building and leading advertising agencies in New York City  She is now co-host of the Bring a Friend podcast and the Chief Instigator (and Founder) of Parlay House, a 7000+ member organization in 12 cities worldwide that champions and inspires women to connect and make meaningful change for themselves and for others 

Early life
Anne Devereux-Mills was born in Seattle, Washington, the daughter of Gene Bruce Brandzel and Elizabeth Ettenheim Brandzel and sister to Rachel Brandzel Weil and Susan Brandzel  She attended John Muir Elementary School, Eckstein Middle School and the Lakeside School  Devereux-Mills left Seattle in 1980 to attend Wellesley College in Wellesley, Massachusetts where she became President of the Senior Class and an active member of College Government 

Career
Devereux-Mills began her career in the Political Risk Department of Marsh and McLennan in New York City, but after just a few years, realized that her strengths lay elsewhere  Parlaying her skills in communications and client management through a series of career experiments, she found herself in the field of advertising where she specialized in healthcare  Once landing in a field that combined her strengths and her passions, she quickly climbed the corporate ladder, helping found the first Direct-to-consumer advertising agency for healthcare brands, called Consumer Healthworks, part of WPP  A few years later, she moved to Omnicom Group, building a direct to consumer practice for Harrison and Star where she went on to become president, then to Merkley and Partners where she was CEO of the Healthcare Division  From Merkley, she moved to BBDO where she was CEO of BBDO World Health as well as managing director and Chief Integration Officer  She then transitioned to TBWA\Chiat\Day as CEO of the global healthcare practice as well as chairman and CEO of LLNS Devereux-Mills left the field of advertising in 2009  Hit with the triple threat of progressing cancer, opting to have cancer surgery, Devereux-Mills moved to San Francisco where she founded Parlay House, a salon-style gathering for women that now has a national presence and thousands of members who come together to connect about what they care about rather than what they "do"  She is an active mentor of the SHE-CAN organization which takes high-performing women from post-genocide countries and helps them gain an American education so that they can then return to their countries and become the next generation of leaders  Devereux-Mills was one of the first supporting members of the iHUG Foundation which helps break the cycle of poverty for children in Kabalagala, Uganda by augmenting education with nutrition, healthcare and support services 
Until her retirement in April 2019, Devereux-Mills was one of a handful of women to serve as chairman of the board of a public company in her role at Marchex in Seattle, Washington  Devereux-Mills first served as a director on the Marchex board beginning in 2006, and was appointed Chairman in October 2016  Marchex is a leader in mobile marketing and call analytics  She was also on the Board of Lantern, a company that brought Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to people through mobile technology, thereby expanded access to clinical help and reduced the cost of care  Combining her career success, her interest in creating opportunities to connect and empower women as well as her natural leadership skills, Devereux-Mills is now a public speaker, who is focusing on issues of female empowerment, reframing reciprocity, and creating a new version of feminism that can address the issues so prevalent in our society 

Book: The Parlay Effect
In The Parlay Effect: The Transformative Power of Female Connection, Anne Devereux-Mills uses her insights as Founder of Parlay House to show how small actions can result in a meaningful boost in self-awareness, confidence and vision  Through a combination of scientific research and personal stories, The Parlay Effect offers a blueprint for anyone who is going through a life transition who wants to find and create communities that have a positive and multiplying effect in their impact 

Honours and awards
Working Mother of the Year from the She Runs It, (formerly Advertising Women of New York)
Leading Women in Technology from the All-Stars Foundation
Activist of the Year from Project Kesher
The Return, her documentary received a 2017 Emmy- nomination

Recorded talks
The Guild: Reframing Reciprocity, 2017
Watermark: Doing Well By Doing Good, 2016
The Battery: Small Actions Have Ripple Effects in Social Justice Reform, 2016
SHE-CAN: Pulling Women Forward SHE-CAN: Revolution 2 0, 2015
Passage 10:
Beaulieu-sur-Loire
Beaulieu-sur-Loire (French pronunciation: ​[boljø syʁ lwaʁ], literally Beaulieu on Loire) is a commune in the Loiret department in north-central France  It is the place of death of Jacques MacDonald, a French general who served in the Napoleonic Wars 

Population
See also
Communes of the Loiret department
Context 3:  In 1984, Jampal Namdol visited Lhasa, and in 1990 the Dalai Lama issued a statement revealing the identity of the ninth Khutughtu  In 1991 the Dalai Lama performed an installation ceremony in Madhya Pradesh and in 1992 an enthronement ceremony in Dharmshala for the ninth Jebtsundamba Khutughtu  In July 1999, while visiting Mongolia on a tourist visa, Jampal Namdol took part in an enthronement ceremony at the Gandantegchinlen Khiid Monastery in Ulaanbaatar  He continued to live in exile in India  Now he was considered the leader of Mongolian Buddhists  In 2010 he came to Mongolia at the invitation of the Gandantegchinlin monastery and received Mongolian citizenship, but returned to Dharamshala afterwards  Then he returned to Mongolia  In November 2011 he was enthroned as the head of Buddhists of Mongolia The 14th Dalai Lama appointed the 9th Jebtsundamba to develop the Jonang tradition of Tibetan Buddhism Rinpoche died on March 1, 2012, in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, after a prolonged illness On November 23, 2016, during a visit to Mongolia, the Dalai Lama announced his belief that the 10th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu had been reborn in Mongolia and that a process for identifying him had begun  He was found and was anointed on 8 March 2023 by Dalai Lama in India 

See also
Mongolians in India
Passage 5:
Richard Sale (director)
Richard Sale, (December 17, 1911 in New York – March 4, 1993 in Los Angeles) was an American screenwriter, pulp writer, and film director 

Career
Born in New York City, Sale was educated at Washington and Lee University Sale started his career writing as a freelance writer for pulps in the Thirties, appearing regularly in Detective Fiction Weekly (with the Daffy Dill series ), Argosy, Double Detective, and a number of other magazines  In the Forties, he graduated to slick publications like The Country Gentleman and The Saturday Evening Post  In the 1930s, Sale was one of the highest-paid pulp writers   In the mid-Forties to mid-Fifties, he made a career change from writing magazine fiction to screenplays  He became a writer for Paramount pictures, a writer-director for Republic Pictures, 20th Century-Fox, British Lion, United Artists, and Columbia pictures  He also became a television writer, director, and producer for Columbia Broadcasting System Sale's 1936 novel Not Too Narrow, Not Too Deep was filmed as Strange Cargo (1940) starring Joan Crawford and Clark Gable 
He directed several films, including A Ticket to Tomahawk (1950), Meet Me After the Show (1951) with Betty Grable, Let's Make It Legal (1951) featuring one of Marilyn Monroe's earliest film appearances, Malaga (1954), and Gentlemen Marry Brunettes (1955) with Jane Russell  He also wrote many screenplays, Suddenly (1954), The French Line (1954) and  Gentlemen Marry Brunettes, both with Mary Loos, his wife at the time, The Oscar (1966), The White Buffalo (1977) and Assassination (1987)  Alongside his work for many production companies, Sale wrote over 400 short stories Together with Mary Loos, he created the Western television series Yancy Derringer which ran for one season in 1958–59 
Sale died in 1993 after complications from two strokes 

Selected screenplay filmography
As director
Some of these additional movies were found in the Los Angeles Times 
Passage 6:
Max Ehrlich (writer)
Max Simon Ehrlich (October 10, 1909 – February 11, 1983) was an American writer  He is best known for the novel The Reincarnation of Peter Proud and the movie of the same name 

Biography
Early life and education
Max Simon Ehrlich was born in Springfield, Massachusetts on October 10, 1909 to Simon and Sarah Ehrlich  He received a B A  degree from the University of Michigan in 1933 

Career
Ehrlich began his career in newspapers, working as a correspondent for the Albany, New York Knickerbocker Press and Evening News during his college years, then after graduating as a feature writer for the Springfield, Massachusetts Republican  From there he turned to radio, working as the chief writer of the script division of WSPR in 1938 and 1939, in the script division of the American Jewish Committee from 1939 to 1941, and from 1941 to 1945 he was the assistant script director of the radio division of the American Red Cross After 1945, Ehrlich was a novelist, playwright, radio and TV dramatist, and author of adaptations for radio, television, and feature films  He wrote radio scripts for series including The Big Story, The Shadow, Big Town, Mr  and Mrs  North, and Murder at Midnight  His television work included scripts for the series Barney Blake, The Big Story, The Defenders, The Nurses, The United States Steel Hour, and Star Trek (episode "The Apple")  Three of his feature film scripts (listed below) were adaptations of his own novels 

Marriage and children
Ehrlich married and had two daughters  One daughter, Amy Ehrlich, is a writer of books for children 

Death
Ehrlich died on February 11, 1983 

Published books
The Big Eye (Doubleday, 1949)
Spin the Glass Web (Harper & Brothers, 1952)
First Train to Babylon (Harper, 1955)
The Takers (Harper, 1961)
Deep is the Blue (Doubleday, 1964)
The High Side (Fawcett Publications, 1970)
The Edict (Doubleday, 1971)
The Reincarnation of Peter Proud (Bobbs-Merrill, 1974)
The Savage is Loose (Bantam Books, 1974)
The Cult (Simon & Schuster, 1978)
Reincarnation in Venice (Simon & Schuster, 1979)
Naked Beach (Granada, 1979)
The Big Boys (Houghton Mifflin, 1981)
Shaitan (Arbor House, 1981)

Filmography
Films
Television
Awards
1944: Writers' War Board Award
1963: Huntington Hartford Foundation Fellowship
Passage 7:
Pal Sinn
Pal Sinn Lap-man (born 17 March 1959) is a Hong Kong musician, singer and actor Sinn is noted for his roles as Sai-Mun Hing in The Reincarnation of Golden Lotus, for which he received Hong Kong Film Award nomination for Best New Performer 

Life
Early life
Sinn was born and raised in Hong Kong, where he attended the Lung Cheung Government Technical Secondary School in the early 1970s 

Career
At 16, Sinn began his career as a singer at a bar on Lockhart Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong In 1986, Sinn joined Chyna, a heavy metal rock band founded by Donald Ashley   After the band was disbanded, then he founded the Blue Jeans with Su Dehua, but Blue Jeans was disbanded in 1990 He had his first experience in front of the camera in 1986, and he was chosen to act as a support actor in Jeffrey Lau's Operation Pink Squad, an action film starring Sandra Ng, Guan Xiumei, Ann Bridgewater, Elsie Chan, and Charlie Cho 
For his role as Sai-Mun Hing in The Reincarnation of Golden Lotus (1989), Sinn was nominated for the Hong Kong Film Award for Best New Performer  That same year, he participated in Tai Kit Mak's All Night Long, a story film starring Carol Cheng, Shui-Fan Fung, Elizabeth Lee, Elsie Chan, Crystal Kwok, and Wu Ma  Then he appeared as a fast food restaurant staff in Clarence Fok's The Iceman Cometh, the film stars Yuen Biao, Yuen Wah, and Maggie Cheung 
He co-starred with Michelle Monique Reis, Natalis Chan and Iwanbeo Leung in Yuen Cheung-Yan's Coup De Grace (1990)  Sinn also filmed in Love Is Love, alongside Stephen Chow, Suki Kwan, Sandra Ng, and Sing Fui On 
In 1991, Sinn played Hussein, who is a gambler, in Wong Jing's God of Gamblers II, an action film starring Andy Lau, Stephen Chow, and Ng Man Tat  That same year, he starred as Sai-Mun Hing in The Golden Lotus 'Love and Desire', based on the novel The Golden Lotus by Lanling Xiaoxiaosheng 
In 1992, Sinn portrayed Gao Ya'nei, the son of Grand Marshal Gao Qiu, in All Men Are Brothers – Blood of the Leopard, adapted from Shi Nai'an's classical novel The Water Margin  The film also stars Tony Leung, Joey Wang, and Elvis Tsui 
In 1993, Sinn had a minor role as Da Jiaoban in Wong Jing's City Hunter, which starred Jackie Chan, Chingmy Yau, Joey Wang, and Richard Norton 
In 1994, Sinn starred in a historical film called Fire Dragon with Brigitte Lin, Max Mok, and Sandra Ng, directed by Yuen Woo-ping  He played the lead role in Whatever You Want, opposite Jordan Chan, Anita Yuen, and Law Kar-ying 
In 1995, Sinn appeared as Julian in Detective Investigation Files II, he also participated in its sequel Detective Investigation Files IV (1999) 
In 2007, Sinn was cast in Ho-Cheung Pang's Exodus, a suspense film starring Simon Yam, Irene Wan, and Nick Cheung 
Sinn had a cameo appearance in Dream Home (2010), which starred Eason Chan as Zheng Lichang's lover (played by Josie Ho) 
In 2011, Sinn acted in the romantic comedy film Lan Kwai Fong 
In 2012, Sinn had a supporting role in The Silent War, a film adaptation based on the novel Plot by Mai Jia 

Personal life
In the 1980s, Sinn fell in love with Anita Mui Sinn began dating Paisley Wu in 1996, and they married in 2008 

Instruments
Pal Sinn has played a number of basses in his music career, such Tune, Fodera and Bacchus 

Filmography
Film
Television
Discography
Albums
Awards
Passage 8:
Escape Route (film)
Escape Route is a 1952 British black-and-white thriller film, directed by Seymour Friedman and Peter Graham Scott, and starring George Raft, Sally Gray and Clifford Evans The film was known in the US as I'll Get You (not to be confused with an earlier Raft film, I'll Get You for This) The film is largely filmed in the streets of London 

Plot
An American, Steve Rossi, enters Britain by slipping past immigration at Heathrow Airport, leading to a national manhunt by the police led by Scotland Yard 
Rossi heads into London where he tracks down Bailey, a barman in a cocktail bar, and asks him about Michael Grand  The barman passes him a note with an address which leads him to a woman, who says she does not know Grand  She agrees to change his US currency and buy him a coat while he waits in her flat  For money, she gives him another address: Kingston House, a swanky block of flats on Kingston Road  He takes a taxi there 
Their he meets Joan Miller who says yes it is Grand's flat but she is his secretary and he is not there  She claims that Grand is not going to return, but calls Grand who agrees to meet  Rossi wants to stay put in Grand's flat but Joan pulls a gun on him and together they drive to an old terraced house where Rossi meets Wilkes who starts quizzing Rossi 
Rossi says that Grand offered him a job, working on aircraft design  Joan is asked to accommodate Rossi in her own flat 
Meanwhile the police post Rossi's picture in all the newspapers and quiz various underworld figures to try to locate him  The taxi driver recognises the picture 
Joan Miller is revealed to be an MI5 agent  Rossi reveals himself to be an FBI agent posing as a nuclear scientist in an attempt to infiltrate a gang kidnapping western scientists and taking them across the Iron Curtain  Grand has recently arranged the kidnap of an American  With MI5's assistance, Rossi monitors Grand and arranges a meeting with him  Growing increasingly suspicious of Rossi, Grand and his organisation make several attempts to kill him 
Rossi and Joan follow Irma Brookes, Grand's female assistant in an attempt to find him  Irma Brookes and a body with some of Grand's ID is found in a burned out car 
Rossi is caught and taken to Hammersmith Police Station  It is explained that Rossi wanted to get into the papers so that Grand would be aware of his presence 
Rossi cannot identify the body in the mortuary as Grand as he is unsure of his appearance 
The viewer finally sees Grand when Max, another taxi driver, informs him of what he has seen both at the burning car and near the mortuary 
Rossi dons a naval uniform and tails Grand on foot through empty streets in the city, leaving a chalk trail of markers for Joan to follow



ground_truth: Banbury

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Do both films The Reincarnation Of Golden Lotus and I'Ll Get By (Film) have the directors from the same country?

The following are given passages.
Context 3:  Grand goes to the River Thames where the low tide allows him to walk along the edge  They end at the Old Swan Pier near London Bridge  Grand pulls a gun and a scuffle begins  Grand escapes to a rooftop of a grain elevator close to The Monument  They end up fighting on an external freight lift heading back to the ground  Rossi wins and the police arrive 

Cast
George Raft as Steve Rossi
Sally Gray as Joan Miller
Clifford Evans as Michael Grand
Frederick Piper as Inspector Reid
Reginald Tate as Colonel Wilkes
Patricia Laffan as Irma Brookes
June Ashley as Beauty Shop Attendant
John Warwick as Security Chief Brice
Roddy Hughes as Porter
Grace Arnold as Neighbour
Cyril Chamberlain as Bailey
Howard Douglas as Taxi Driver
Arthur Lovegrove as Phillips
Anthony Pendrell as Rees
Norman Pierce as Inspector Hobbs
Harry Towb as Immigration Officer

Production
It was made at Walton Studios and on location around London, mostly in the City of London, at a time when there was still much bomb damage from the Second World War  American actress Coleen Gray was reported to have been cast opposite Raft, but the role was eventually played by the English star Sally Gray  It was one of several films made by British companies in connection with the low-budget American outfit Lippert Pictures, which distributed the film in the United States  It was made on a larger budget than most Lippert releases 

Reception
The Los Angeles Times said the film was "so mysterious" the filmmakers "almost succeeded in keeping the story to themselves "
Passage 9:
The Reincarnation of Peter Proud
The Reincarnation of Peter Proud is a 1975 American psychological horror film directed by J  Lee Thompson, and starring Michael Sarrazin, Margot Kidder, and Jennifer O'Neill  It follows a university professor who, after experiencing a series of bizarre nightmares, comes to believe he is the reincarnation of someone else  It is based on the 1973 novel of the same title by Max Ehrlich, who adapted the screenplay 

Plot
Peter Proud, a college professor in Los Angeles, begins having recurring dreams he cannot explain  In one particular nightmare, Peter witnesses the murder of a young man by his girlfriend, Marcia, while he swims naked in a lake near a hotel  As he screams his final words, "Marcia, don't!," she bludgeons him with an oar, and he drowns  In subsequent dreams, Peter witnesses brief vignettes from the man's life, including romances with two different women, and has visions of houses and landmarks that are unknown to him 
Peter is haunted by his dreams and seeks medical treatment  He attends a sleep laboratory to try to decipher his dreams  However, the resident doctor, Sam Goodman, informs him that his dreams do not register as being dreams; in fact, they do not register at all  One evening while watching television, several of Peter's visions play out before him on a local documentary film titled The Changing Face of America  He sees an arch and church in the documentary that have figured prominently in his dreams, and calls the television station to discover the location  Upon learning that the location of his "visions" is in Massachusetts, Proud and his girlfriend Nora travel there 
In Massachusetts, the couple drive from town to town, but are unsuccessful until they arrive in Springfield  It is here that Proud begins to see familiar sights from his visions, such as a bridge, a church, the Puritan statue, and others  Nora decides to return to California, tired of Peter's relentless searching, which she dismisses as delusion  After Nora leaves, Peter continues his journey  Eventually, Peter locates Marcia, the mystery woman from his nightmares, now a middle-aged alcoholic  Peter subsequently befriends Marcia's daughter Ann at a local country club where Marcia's husband Jeff was once a tennis pro; Ann has recently returned home to care for her emotionally unstable mother  Through his research, Peter uncovers that Jeff was found drowned in Crystal Lake in 1946 under mysterious circumstances 
Marcia is suspicious of Peter and curious about his motives, specifically how much he seems to know about her life  Ann and Peter quickly develop a romance, much to the disapproval of Marcia, who responds by increasingly drinking and taking prescription drugs  Peter initially has some hesitation toward pursuing a relationship with Ann after considering that she may have been his daughter in a previous life, but he ultimately chooses to continue the romance  Ann tells Peter her father proposed to Marcia in the same area where they just made love 
One afternoon, Marcia accompanies Peter and Ann to the country club, where they lounge at the poolside  While Ann goes for a swim, Marcia witnesses a sleeping Peter repeating the phrase "Marcia, don't!" in Jeff's voice  This horrifies her, and she flees home where she locks herself in her bedroom  Later, she masturbates to the memory of Jeff raping her after she confronted him about an affair he had while she was pregnant with Ann  The following day, Marcia confronts Peter, demanding to know his true identity  The two get into a heated argument, during which he confirms that he is a reincarnation of her deceased husband 
Meanwhile, Peter realizes that by having re-enacted or visited the sites of his visions, they seem to have ceased haunting him  The lake vision of Jeff's murder is his last to be conquered  Drawn to the lake where Jeff died years prior, Peter enters the water, hoping to unfetter himself from the vision  While in the water, Marcia approaches him in the same boat she did Jeff years ago, now brandishing a pistol  Addressing Peter as Jeff, Marcia asks why he has returned to torment her, and accuses him of incest with Ann  When Peter tries to climb into the boat, Marcia shoots him to death  She watches as his body sinks to the bottom of the lake 

Cast
Production
Film rights to the novel were sold to Bing Crosby Productions before the novel had been published  In April 1974 it was announced the film would star Michael Sarrazin, Margot Kidder and Jennifer O'Neill, and be directed by J  Lee Thompson  The novel came out in October - the Los Angeles Times called it "riveting" Principal photography began on 24 April 1974 in Los Angeles and Massachusetts 

Release
The Reincarnation of Peter Proud premiered in New York City on April 25, 1975, and subsequently opened in Los Angeles on May 2 

Critical response
The Reincarnation of Peter Proud received a mixed response from critics upon its release  Steven H  Scheuer labelled the film as a "clunky yarn"  Mick Martin and Marsha Porter awarded the film their "turkey" rating and criticized it for its "turgid direction" and "contrived plot"  Leslie Halliwell also panned the film as a "hysterical psychic melodrama which pretty well ruins its own chances by failing to explain its plot"  The Philadelphia Inquirer's Desmond Ryan dismissed the film as "an obtuse essay into the much trampled world of the occult, and it is aptly named since it seems to take several lifetimes to trudge through the film from its modest beginnings to its silly conclusion "Some critics were more generous  Leonard Maltin wrote that the film was "moderately gripping"  A H  Weiler, like Halliwell, was unconvinced by the film's plot, but lauded it for its "polished [filmic] treatment" and Thompson's "properly moody [directorial] style" In a retrospective review, Michael Barrett of PopMatters praised the film's cinematography and editing, which he notes provides "a sense of propulsion to what, in other hands, might be a stagnantly paced story; either sound or image are continually pulling at us, like fate     There's something about The Reincarnation of Peter Proud that keeps it lodged in the memory like a nasty splinter "

Home media
In 2018, Kino Lorber released The Reincarnation of Peter Proud in a special edition Blu-ray featuring a new 4K restoration of the original film elements 

Proposed remake
On November 9, 2009, it was announced that Andrew Kevin Walker and David Fincher (the writer and director, respectively, of Seven) would work on the remake, with Paramount Pictures and Columbia Pictures financing the project  Filming and theatrical release of the remake were planned for 2016, but as of 2018, the project was listed as "in development" New reports of a planned remake emerged in 2021, with development and production now handed over to David Goyer of Phantom Four Films in collaboration with Village Roadshow, and with Sean Durkin serving as writer and director 

See also
List of American films of 1975
Karz, 1980 Indian film which serves as a partial remake
Passage 10:
Unmistaken Child
Unmistaken Child is a 2008 independent documentary film, which follows a Tibetan Buddhist monk's search for the reincarnation of his beloved teacher, a world-renowned lama  It was directed by Nati Baratz 

Plot
The documentary follows a Tibetan Buddhist monk's search for the reincarnation of his beloved teacher, the world-renowned lama (master teacher) Geshe Lama Konchog  The filming, which began in October 2001, spans a time frame of five and a half years  It follows the deceased lama's closest disciple – a modest young monk named Tenzin Zopa, who speaks English well – as he seeks to find the child who is his master's reincarnation 
Because Tenzin is only a humble monk, he questions his ability to accurately find and recognize the reincarnation of an enlightened master  He is daunted by the difficulty of the task, for which he alone seems responsible 
Following a combination of prayer, intuition, and various forms of divination, Tenzin travels to the tiny villages of the remote Tsum Valley on the Nepal–Tibet border, and checks many families and many children  He seeks to find a young boy of the right age who responds emotionally to one of his former master's possessions  Still, many questions would remain, and many tests and trials must be met before the existence of a tulku – a reincarnated Tibetan master – could be confirmed  And even beyond the question of the confirmation of a reincarnation is the emotional toll involved in removing a small child from his loving parents and familiar village 

Inception
The film was created, directed, and written by Israeli filmmaker Nati Baratz  He and his wife had attended a lecture given by Tenzin Zopa, who at the end asked everyone to pray for the location of the reincarnation of Geshe Lama Konchog, his recently deceased teacher "Tenzin really touched me in a profound way", Baratz said in an interview  “He has a huge heart, and he's very smart  And when I heard that he’s looking for the reincarnation of his master, I thought this is a movie I must make "

Release, broadcast, and DVD
Unmistaken Child was first screened at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 8, 2008  Festival screenings in Berlin, San Francisco, and other festivals around the world followed  The film opened in limited theatrical release in the U S  in June 2009, and subsequently in limited theatrical release around the world 
Unmistaken Child was selected for and aired on the award-winning PBS series Independent Lens in April 2010  Oscilloscope Laboratories published the film on DVD in 2009 

Awards
Full Frame Documentary Film Festival
Full Frame Inspiration Award
Anne Dellinger Special Jury Award
The Charles E  Guggenheim Emerging Artist Award – Honorable MentionRiverRun International Film Festival
Best DocumentaryEBS International Documentary Festival
Grand Prix
Audience AwardIndependent Film Festival Boston
Special Jury Prize – DocumentaryCamerimage
Grand Prix – Feature Documentary FilmHaifa International Film Festival
Best DocumentaryKrakow Film Festival
Golden Horn – Best Documentary
Cracow Students Jury Award – Best Documentary

See also
Tenzin Phuntsok Rinpoche
Tulku (film)
My Reincarnation
Pearl relics



ground_truth: no