prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Which film came out earlier, Alkohol or Night Of Dark Shadows?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
House of Dark Shadows
House of Dark Shadows is a 1970 American feature-length horror film directed by Dan Curtis, based on his Dark Shadows television series (ABC, 1966–1971)  In this film expansion, vampire Barnabas Collins (Jonathan Frid) searches for a cure for vampirism so he can marry a woman who resembles his long-lost fiancée Josette (Kathryn Leigh Scott) 
Filming took place at Lyndhurst Estate in Tarrytown, New York, with additional footage at nearby Sleepy Hollow Cemetery  Curtis followed this film one year later with Night of Dark Shadows, another expansion of the Shadows franchise, dealing with the witch Angelique 

Plot
Willie Loomis, the Collins family handyman, is searching for old treasure in the family mausoleum when he accidentally frees Barnabas Collins, a 175-year-old vampire who enslaves him  Upon his release, he attacks Daphne Budd, the secretary to Collinwood's matriarch, Elizabeth Collins Stoddard  She is discovered by Jeff Clark, who takes her back to the house where Dr  Julia Hoffman attends to her 
Later, Barnabas introduces himself to the family under the guise of a "cousin from England"  Elizabeth and the others are intrigued by Barnabas and take an instant liking to him  However, Elizabeth's daughter Carolyn Stoddard and Professor T  Eliot Stokes, a friend of the family, are incredulous  Barnabas insists on moving into the Old House and hosting a ball in honor of the family  But on the night of the ball, Carolyn is bitten by Barnabas while she is getting ready 
Later on at the ball, he is introduced to young David Collins' governess and Jeff's girlfriend, Maggie Evans, and is instantly smitten with her, as she bears a striking resemblance to his long-lost fiancée, Josette du Pres  Maggie is thinking about leaving Collinwood, but Barnabas persuades her to stay  Back at the Old House, he tells Willie about Josette and how she took her own life on the night they were to be married  Carolyn overhears and threatens to expose him out of jealousy  Enraged, Barnabas delivers a deadly bite to Carolyn, much to Willie's horror  A shaken Willie takes Carolyn back home; she slowly walks to the doorway, but she is soon discovered slumped in the doorway—dead—by the maid, Mrs  Johnson 
Funeral services are held for Carolyn, and she is buried in the Collins family mausoleum  Dr  Hoffman upon analyzing samples of Carolyn's blood, recognizes a trace of elements of the same unknown virus that was present in Daphne Budd's blood sample  Thereafter, Professor Stokes confers with Julia and tells her that he suspects that the recent attacks in Collinsport may have been caused by a vampire 
Meanwhile, Carolyn rises as a vampire and attacks David  Stokes and Julia try to explain, but Elizabeth and Roger refuse to listen  Carolyn's former fiancé Todd encounters her, and she bites him  After he is taken back to Collinwood, the family realize that Stokes and Julia were correct about the vampires  Todd again sneaks out in search of Carolyn, but she is cornered and staked, instantly killing her 
Julia eventually discovers that Barnabas is the vampire responsible  Thus, she visits him at the Old House and convinces him that she can use her methods to make him human and he reluctantly agrees  Julia gives him injections which allow him to walk in the daylight  Over time, Barnabas and Maggie begin to spend time together while Jeff is away in Boston  Stokes confronts Julia about helping Barnabas—and realizes she is in love with him—and reminds her that he is in love with Maggie  Overcome with jealousy, Julia gives Barnabas an injection which causes him to age rapidly  Out of rage, he strangles her to death  A terrified Maggie witnesses this and tries to flee, but is caught and bitten by Barnabas before she can escape, and he vows to come back for her  Jeff soon returns, and he is informed of the family history by Stokes and Roger and that Barnabas intends to make Maggie his bride  That night, Barnabas bites Maggie again, rejuvenating him, and then abducts her 
Jeff and the others pursue them; however, Roger and Stokes are killed (both turned into vampires who Jeff kills)  Jeff eventually finds Maggie at an old church in a trance and in Josette's wedding gown  Willie warns him against trying to stop Barnabas and knocks him out  Willie leads Maggie out of the room to where Barnabas is waiting for her  He lays her down on an altar and is about to bite her when Jeff wakes up and shoots at him, but Willie, running to stop Barnabas, moves in the way, and is hit by Jeff's crossbow bolt  Barnabas lures Jeff out of his hiding place and forces him to be a witness by placing him in a trance  However, as Barnabas attempts to bite Maggie, he screams in pain as he's struck in his back  Turning around, he's shocked then enraged to discover that it was Willie—in his final act of redemption—who stabbed him with the crossbow bolt  Barnabas strangles the mortally wounded Willie, but Loomis' attack breaks Jeff out of Barnabas's trance long enough for Jeff to finish driving the bolt through the vampire's back, ultimately bursting through his bloody chest  Maggie, now revived, is rescued by Jeff, both briefly observing the bodies of the presumably dead vampire and Willie Loomis before departing the ruined chapel 
In a post-credits scene, Barnabas's body transforms into a bat and then vanishes 

Cast
Production
Dark Shadows producer Dan Curtis began pitching the idea of a film based on his gothic soap opera sometime in 1968   The project was finally given the greenlight at MGM by company president James Aubrey in 1970  Curtis decided to use the original Barnabas storyline as the basis for the film, but with a modified conclusion 
The film was shot in six weeks for a budget of $750,000   Principal shooting took place at several historic locations, including the Lyndhurst Estate in Tarrytown, New York, where the production had to work around the scheduled public tours of the house  Additional footage was shot at nearby Sleepy Hollow Cemetery; parts of the locales appeared on the Dark Shadows series as well  Some interior scenes were shot at the Lockwood–Mathews Mansion in Norwalk, Connecticut  Along with the original cast, Dan Curtis added other actors to the cast: Jerry Lacy, who notably played Reverend Trask in the 1795 storyline; Terry Crawford and Michael Stroka, who did the Dark Shadows 1890s segments; Don Briscoe, who played cursed brothers Chris and Tom Jennings; Dennis Patrick, who played Paul Stoddard and Jason McGuire; and George DiCenzo, who did more behind-the-scenes work on the last two years of the show 
Unrestricted by TV's censors, the film is far more graphically violent than its television counterpart, with dripping vampire bites and bloody deaths   The film was released at the height of the TV show's popularity to great commercial success 
Dark Shadows producer Dan Curtis's original idea had been to edit together footage from the original TV series into a feature-length film, an idea which was quickly abandoned  The TV series was still in production while the film was being made  Some characters had to be temporarily written out of the show so that the actors would be available to appear in the movie   Barnabas, for example, was trapped in his coffin on the TV show by a failed writer who wanted to use the vampire's life story as the basis for a novel 
Kathryn Leigh Scott was absent from 30 episodes (986 to 1015); Jonathan Frid was absent from 28 episodes (983 to 1010); Grayson Hall was absent from 21 episodes (986 to 1006); John Karlen was absent from 21 episodes (990 to 1010); Nancy Barrett was absent from 20 episodes (991 to 1010): Louis Edmonds was absent from 17 episodes (991 to 1008); Don Briscoe was absent from 15 episodes (986 to 1000); Joan Bennett was absent from 15 episodes (991 to 1006); and David Henesy was absent from 9 episodes (993 to 1001) 
The preview version of the film included a scene where young David Collins pretends to hang himself  It was removed because there were concerns some children might "try this at home"  No copies of this footage are known to exist  Another scene that was shown in some theaters has Jeff testing out the crossbow before pursuing Barnabas 
A paperback novelization of the film by Marilyn Ross (who had written a series of novels based on the TV show) was published in October 1970   The novel is based on the original script, and contains some scenes which were either cut from the movie or were never filmed 

Sequel
The second film was originally supposed to bring back Barnabas, and was to be called Curse of Dark Shadows (according to Famous Monsters of Filmland)  Before pre-production could begin, however, the series had gone off the air, and Jonathan Frid, fearing being typecast as Barnabas, had moved on to other things  Instead, Night of Dark Shadows was made, focusing on Collinwood after new heir Quentin Collins (David Selby) takes over  Elizabeth Collins Stoddard (played by Joan Bennett in the series and the first film) gets a brief mention in the film, but is not present 

Availability
House of Dark Shadows has been released on VHS, and as a two-sided laserdisc (the laserdisc packaged with Night of Dark Shadows, which is out of print)  It is also available on iTunes, on the PlayStation 3 Movie Network (Digital DVD quality), and for rental at Amazon Unbox, now called Prime Video 
Warner Home Video announced the re-release of both films on DVD in 2012; House of Dark Shadows was released for the first time alongside Night of Dark Shadows on DVD and Blu-ray on October 30, 2012 

See also
List of American films of 1970
Dark Shadows (film)
Vampire film
Passage 2:
Dark Shadows (disambiguation)
Dark Shadows is an American supernatural daytime TV series which originally aired from 1966 to 1971 
Dark Shadows may refer to:

Television
Dark Shadows, the original daytime TV series, which aired from 1966 to 1971
Dark Shadows (1991 TV series), adaptation of the original 1966 series
Dark Shadows (2004), pilot for a proposed adaptation of the 1966 series
"Dark Shadows" (Mad Men), 2012 episode of Mad Men

Film
House of Dark Shadows, 1970 film adaptation of the 1966 series
Curse of Dark Shadows, 1971 proposed sequel to the 1970 film
Night of Dark Shadows, 1971 film inspired by the 1966 series
Dark Shadows (film), 2012 film adaptation of the 1966 series

Radio
Dark Shadows (Return to Collinwood), based on a stageplay
Dark Shadows (Big Finish Productions)

Other
Dark Shadows (1944), an American crime drama short film starring Henry O'Neill; unrelated to the later supernatural TV series
Passage 3:
Night of Terror (disambiguation)
Night of Terror  is a 1933 horror film 
Night of Terror or A Night of Terror may also refer to:

Night of Terror - November 14, 1917, a night at the Occoquan Workhouse in Virginia, in which suffragist prisoners were beaten and abused
Montreal's night of terror a 1969 unrest in Montreal, Quebec during a Montreal police strike
A Night of Terror (1911 film), directed by Edwin S  Porter
A Night of Terror, alternative title for Love from a Stranger (1937 film)
Night of Terror (1972 TV film), starring Martin Balsam, Catherine Burns, Chuck Connors & Donna Mills
Night of Terror (2006 film), directed by William Tannen
"Night of Terror", an instrumental by Clint Mansell from the Black Swan soundtrack (2010)

See also
Riot (1996 film),  directed by Joseph Merhi released in the United States as Night of Terror
Night Terror (disambiguation)
Rats: Night of Terror
Terror by Night
A Night of Terror (disambiguation)
Passage 4:
House of Dark Shadows
House of Dark Shadows is a 1970 American feature-length horror film directed by Dan Curtis, based on his Dark Shadows television series (ABC, 1966–1971)  In this film expansion, vampire Barnabas Collins (Jonathan Frid) searches for a cure for vampirism so he can marry a woman who resembles his long-lost fiancée Josette (Kathryn Leigh Scott) 
Filming took place at Lyndhurst Estate in Tarrytown, New York, with additional footage at nearby Sleepy Hollow Cemetery  Curtis followed this film one year later with Night of Dark Shadows, another expansion of the Shadows franchise, dealing with the witch Angelique 

Plot
Willie Loomis, the Collins family handyman, is searching for old treasure in the family mausoleum when he accidentally frees Barnabas Collins, a 175-year-old vampire who enslaves him  Upon his release, he attacks Daphne Budd, the secretary to Collinwood's matriarch, Elizabeth Collins Stoddard  She is discovered by Jeff Clark, who takes her back to the house where Dr  Julia Hoffman attends to her 
Later, Barnabas introduces himself to the family under the guise of a "cousin from England"  Elizabeth and the others are intrigued by Barnabas and take an instant liking to him  However, Elizabeth's daughter Carolyn Stoddard and Professor T  Eliot Stokes, a friend of the family, are incredulous  Barnabas insists on moving into the Old House and hosting a ball in honor of the family  But on the night of the ball, Carolyn is bitten by Barnabas while she is getting ready 
Later on at the ball, he is introduced to young David Collins' governess and Jeff's girlfriend, Maggie Evans, and is instantly smitten with her, as she bears a striking resemblance to his long-lost fiancée, Josette du Pres  Maggie is thinking about leaving Collinwood, but Barnabas persuades her to stay  Back at the Old House, he tells Willie about Josette and how she took her own life on the night they were to be married  Carolyn overhears and threatens to expose him out of jealousy  Enraged, Barnabas delivers a deadly bite to Carolyn, much to Willie's horror  A shaken Willie takes Carolyn back home; she slowly walks to the doorway, but she is soon discovered slumped in the doorway—dead—by the maid, Mrs  Johnson 
Funeral services are held for Carolyn, and she is buried in the Collins family mausoleum  Dr  Hoffman upon analyzing samples of Carolyn's blood, recognizes a trace of elements of the same unknown virus that was present in Daphne Budd's blood sample  Thereafter, Professor Stokes confers with Julia and tells her that he suspects that the recent attacks in Collinsport may have been caused by a vampire 
Meanwhile, Carolyn rises as a vampire and attacks David  Stokes and Julia try to explain, but Elizabeth and Roger refuse to listen  Carolyn's former fiancé Todd encounters her, and she bites him  After he is taken back to Collinwood, the family realize that Stokes and Julia were correct about the vampires  Todd again sneaks out in search of Carolyn, but she is cornered and staked, instantly killing her 
Julia eventually discovers that Barnabas is the vampire responsible  Thus, she visits him at the Old House and convinces him that she can use her methods to make him human and he reluctantly agrees  Julia gives him injections which allow him to walk in the daylight  Over time, Barnabas and Maggie begin to spend time together while Jeff is away in Boston  Stokes confronts Julia about helping Barnabas—and realizes she is in love with him—and reminds her that he is in love with Maggie  Overcome with jealousy, Julia gives Barnabas an injection which causes him to age rapidly  Out of rage, he strangles her to death  A terrified Maggie witnesses this and tries to flee, but is caught and bitten by Barnabas before she can escape, and he vows to come back for her  Jeff soon returns, and he is informed of the family history by Stokes and Roger and that Barnabas intends to make Maggie his bride  That night, Barnabas bites Maggie again, rejuvenating him, and then abducts her 
Jeff and the others pursue them; however, Roger and Stokes are killed (both turned into vampires who Jeff kills)  Jeff eventually finds Maggie at an old church in a trance and in Josette's wedding gown  Willie warns him against trying to stop Barnabas and knocks him out  Willie leads Maggie out of the room to where Barnabas is waiting for her  He lays her down on an altar and is about to bite her when Jeff wakes up and shoots at him, but Willie, running to stop Barnabas, moves in the way, and is hit by Jeff's crossbow bolt  Barnabas lures Jeff out of his hiding place and forces him to be a witness by placing him in a trance  However, as Barnabas attempts to bite Maggie, he screams in pain as he's struck in his back  Turning around, he's shocked then enraged to discover that it was Willie—in his final act of redemption—who stabbed him with the crossbow bolt  Barnabas strangles the mortally wounded Willie, but Loomis' attack breaks Jeff out of Barnabas's trance long enough for Jeff to finish driving the bolt through the vampire's back, ultimately bursting through his bloody chest  Maggie, now revived, is rescued by Jeff, both briefly observing the bodies of the presumably dead vampire and Willie Loomis before departing the ruined chapel 
In a post-credits scene, Barnabas's body transforms into a bat and then vanishes 

Cast
Production
Dark Shadows producer Dan Curtis began pitching the idea of a film based on his gothic soap opera sometime in 1968   The project was finally given the greenlight at MGM by company president James Aubrey in 1970  Curtis decided to use the original Barnabas storyline as the basis for the film, but with a modified conclusion 
The film was shot in six weeks for a budget of $750,000   Principal shooting took place at several historic locations, including the Lyndhurst Estate in Tarrytown, New York, where the production had to work around the scheduled public tours of the house  Additional footage was shot at nearby Sleepy Hollow Cemetery; parts of the locales appeared on the Dark Shadows series as well  Some interior scenes were shot at the Lockwood–Mathews Mansion in Norwalk, Connecticut  Along with the original cast, Dan Curtis added other actors to the cast: Jerry Lacy, who notably played Reverend Trask in the 1795 storyline; Terry Crawford and Michael Stroka, who did the Dark Shadows 1890s segments; Don Briscoe, who played cursed brothers Chris and Tom Jennings; Dennis Patrick, who played Paul Stoddard and Jason McGuire; and George DiCenzo, who did more behind-the-scenes work on the last two years of the show 
Unrestricted by TV's censors, the film is far more graphically violent than its television counterpart, with dripping vampire bites and bloody deaths   The film was released at the height of the TV show's popularity to great commercial success 
Dark Shadows producer Dan Curtis's original idea had been to edit together footage from the original TV series into a feature-length film, an idea which was quickly abandoned  The TV series was still in production while the film was being made  Some characters had to be temporarily written out of the show so that the actors would be available to appear in the movie   Barnabas, for example, was trapped in his coffin on the TV show by a failed writer who wanted to use the vampire's life story as the basis for a novel 
Kathryn Leigh Scott was absent from 30 episodes (986 to 1015); Jonathan Frid was absent from 28 episodes (983 to 1010); Grayson Hall was absent from 21 episodes (986 to 1006); John Karlen was absent from 21 episodes (990 to 1010); Nancy Barrett was absent from 20 episodes (991 to 1010): Louis Edmonds was absent from 17 episodes (991 to 1008); Don Briscoe was absent from 15 episodes (986 to 1000); Joan Bennett was absent from 15 episodes (991 to 1006); and David Henesy was absent from 9 episodes (993 to 1001) 
The preview version of the film included a scene where young David Collins pretends to hang himself  It was removed because there were concerns some children might "try this at home"  No copies of this footage are known to exist  Another scene that was shown in some theaters has Jeff testing out the crossbow before pursuing Barnabas 
A paperback novelization of the film by Marilyn Ross (who had written a series of novels based on the TV show) was published in October 1970   The novel is based on the original script, and contains some scenes which were either cut from the movie or were never filmed 

Sequel
The second film was originally supposed to bring back Barnabas, and was to be called Curse of Dark Shadows (according to Famous Monsters of Filmland)  Before pre-production could begin, however, the series had gone off the air, and Jonathan Frid, fearing being typecast as Barnabas, had moved on to other things  Instead, Night of Dark Shadows was made, focusing on Collinwood after new heir Quentin Collins (David Selby) takes over  Elizabeth Collins Stoddard (played by Joan Bennett in the series and the first film) gets a brief mention in the film, but is not present 

Availability
House of Dark Shadows has been released on VHS, and as a two-sided laserdisc (the laserdisc packaged with Night of Dark Shadows, which is out of print)  It is also available on iTunes, on the PlayStation 3 Movie Network (Digital DVD quality), and for rental at Amazon Unbox, now called Prime Video 
Warner Home Video announced the re-release of both films on DVD in 2012; House of Dark Shadows was released for the first time alongside Night of Dark Shadows on DVD and Blu-ray on October 30, 2012 

See also
List of American films of 1970
Dark Shadows (film)
Vampire film
Passage 5:
Dark Shadows: The House of Despair
Dark Shadows: The House of Despair is a Big Finish Productions audio drama based on the long-running American horror soap opera series Dark Shadows 

Plot
Quentin Collins returns to his home to find an unwanted guest   

Cast
Quentin Collins – David Selby
Angelique – Lara Parker
Willie Loomis – John Karlen
Maggie Evans – Kathryn Leigh Scott
Ed Griffin – Jamison Selby
Susan Griffin – Ursula Burton
Mr Strix – Andrew Collins
Voice – Steven Wickham
Voice – Kellie Ryan
Patron – Scott Alan Woodard

External links
Dark Shadows: The House of Despair
Passage 6:
Night of Dark Shadows
Night of Dark Shadows is a 1971 horror film by Dan Curtis  It is the sequel to House of Dark Shadows  It centers on the story of Quentin Collins and his bride Tracy at the Collinwood Mansion in Collinsport, Maine 
David Selby, Lara Parker, John Karlen, Kate Jackson, Grayson Hall, and Nancy Barrett star 
Night of Dark Shadows was not as successful as House of Dark Shadows 
This film marked the feature film debut of David Selby and Kate Jackson 

Plot
Handsome young artist Quentin Collins arrives at his newly inherited estate of Collinwood with his beautiful wife Tracy  They meet the housekeeper Carlotta Drake and the caretaker Gerard Stiles  Quentin happens upon a 19th-century portrait of a blonde woman with captivating green eyes that seem to mesmerize him  Carlotta informs him that the woman is Angelique, who had lived there over 100 years earlier  The Collins' friends Alex and Claire Jenkins, who have co-written several successful horror novels, move into a cottage on the estate 
Quentin soon begins to be troubled by startling visions and haunting dreams about one of his ancestors, Charles Collins, and his ancestor's mistress Angelique—who had been hanged as a witch in a past century  Carlotta eventually reveals to Quentin that she is the reincarnation of Sarah Castle, a little girl who had lived at Collinwood over 150 years ago, and that Quentin himself is the reincarnation of Charles Collins  Charles had had an affair with Angelique, wife of his brother Gabriel, resulting in her being hanged—and Charles being sealed alive in the family crypt with Angelique's corpse 
On a trip to New York, the Jenkinses discover a painting of Charles Collins, which bears an uncanny resemblance to Quentin  Convinced that their friends are in grave danger, the couple hurry home to Collinwood, where they are attacked by the ghost of Angelique 
Meanwhile, Quentin has become possessed by the spirit of Charles Collins, and attempts to drown Tracy in a disused swimming pool on the estate  Alex and Claire arrive in time to revive her, but Quentin, having no memory of his actions, refuses to believe their wild tale 
Carlotta and Gerard conspire to eliminate Quentin's loved ones   Quentin, seeing the scratches on his wrist where Tracy had tried to fend him off, realizes the truth of Alex's warning and rushes to rescue his friends   Gerard has managed to take Tracy prisoner (despite his having been shot in the face by Claire), and Quentin fights with him high atop a train trestle   As Gerard slashes Quentin's cheek with a knife, creating a gash in his left cheek that looks remarkably like the one Charles Collins had, Tracy rushes to try to save her husband  She strikes Gerard with a nearby plank, knocking him off Quentin and onto the edge of the trestle  He teeters on the edge for a moment, then plunges to his death after Tracy pushes him 
The group rush back to Collinwood to confront Carlotta  As they arrive, she jumps from the top of the house when she sees the ghostly Angelique beckon her from below 
In the end, the two couples prepare to leave Collinwood forever  Alex and Claire leave first, with Quentin and Tracy following  However, instead of driving away, Quentin returns to the house, saying he intends to retrieve some canvases   When he fails to come back, Tracy follows, only to find him now completely possessed by Charles Collins  Angelique enters the room, reborn in the flesh  The camera freezes on Tracy's face as she begins to scream, as Quentin and Angelique advance on her   A UPI news wire shown at the end reveals that Alex and Claire Jenkins have been killed in a car accident  Witnesses reported seeing a ghostly fog filling the car as it veered off the road 

Cast
David Selby as Quentin Collins and Charles Collins
Grayson Hall as Carlotta Drake
John Karlen as Alex Jenkins
Nancy Barrett as Claire Jenkins
Lara Parker as Angelique Collins
Kate Jackson as Tracy Collins
James Storm as Gerard Stiles
Diana Millay as Laura Collins
Christopher Pennock as Gabriel Collins
Thayer David as Reverend Strack
Monica Rich as Sarah Castle
Clarice Blackburn as Mrs  Castle

Production
After the success of House of Dark Shadows (the 1970 feature film version of Dan Curtis's gothic soap opera Dark Shadows), MGM was ready to back a follow-up film in 1971  Curtis originally wanted to do a direct sequel and revive the vampire Barnabas Collins  Actor Jonathan Frid, however, refused to play the role again for fear of being typecast  Realizing it would be a mistake to recast the popular character, Curtis worked with writer Sam Hall to concoct an all-new storyline 
On March 29, 1971, filming began on Curse of Dark Shadows, later retitled Night of Dark Shadows for its release  Without the headaches of producing the television series concurrently, the production crew was able to achieve a far more polished product than that of the previous year  In order to give the production some authenticity, spiritualist Hans Holzer was employed as an advisor to the production, though his actual contribution to the finished product proved minimal 
The story was very loosely based on the "parallel-time" sequence of the TV series and centered on the show's other popular male lead, Quentin Collins, played by David Selby  Night of Dark Shadows was shot in six weeks on a budget of $900,000 and released in 1971, after the show had left the air  It was not unsuccessful but was less successful than its predecessor 
Hall's script, developed in conjunction with Curtis, was a wistful tale of gothic romance and supernatural reincarnation, bolstered by credible performances from David Selby, Kate Jackson, and Grayson Hall  When filming completed without major problems, Curtis set about editing the final film, which proved far denser and more complex than House of Dark Shadows 
One reason often cited for the film's lack of performance is that MGM forced Curtis to cut over 35 minutes from his finished film, and gave him only 24 hours to do the job  Thus, the film went from approximately 129 minutes to about 94 minutes, which, according to some, caused the film to lose its coherence 
Much of the excised footage was recovered in 1999, but was without sound  This material consists of 16 never-before-seen sequences, extending over a dozen existing scenes, reinstating the darker mood and restoring the original structure and continuity  Highlights of the discovery include flashback between the doomed lovers Charles and Angelique, two new scenes featuring menacing groundskeeper Gerard Stiles, several romantic interludes between Quentin and Tracy, a candlelit "exorcism" sequence in the gallery (the film's original climax), and the "hanging" sequence, as well as several other scenes with intensity on par with an R-rated film 

Home media
Night of Dark Shadows and House of Dark Shadows were released on VHS on September 1, 1998, and on DVD and Blu-ray on October 30, 2012 by Warner Home Video 

See also
List of American films of 1971
Passage 7:
Dark Shadows: Kingdom of the Dead
Dark Shadows: Kingdom of the Dead is a Big Finish Productions audio drama based on the long-running American horror soap opera series Dark Shadows 

Cast
David Selby – Quentin Collins
Lara Parker – Angelique Bouchard Collins
Kathryn Leigh Scott – Maggie Evans
John Karlen – Willie Loomis
Jerry Lacy – Reverend
Andrew Collins – Barnabas Collins
David Warner – Seraph
Ursula Burton – Susan Griffin
Jamison Selby – Ed Griffin
Lysette Anthony – Doctor Rankin
Alec Newman – Orderly
James Storm – Sheriff Haggerty
Nancy Barrett – Carolyn Stoddard
Marie Wallace – Mrs Griffin
Lizzie Hopley – Street Walker
Richard Halpern – Announcer
Eric Wallace – Conductor

External links
Dark Shadows - 2 0 Kingdom Of The Dead Box Set
Passage 8:
Alkohol
Alkohol (English: Alcohol) is a 1919 German silent drama film directed by Ewald André Dupont and Alfred Lind and starring Wilhelm Diegelmann, Ernst Rückert, and Georg H  Schnell  The film was begun by Lind but finished by Dupont  It was his first major melodrama, and represented a breakthrough in his career  The film's theme and setting foreshadow much of his later work  It was one in a series of "Enlightenment films" examining social issues, which were produced around the time  It premiered at the Marmorhaus in Berlin 

Synopsis
A middle-class man falls in love with a woman from a more ordinary background, and they end up working in a variety act where they sink into alcoholism  He then kills another man who he mistakenly believes is a rival 

Cast
Wilhelm Diegelmann
Ernst Rückert
Georg H  Schnell
Emil Birron
Jean Moreau
Auguste Pünkösdy
Ferry Sikla
Toni Tetzlaff
Hanni Weisse
Maria Zelenka
Passage 9:
Nightstand (disambiguation)
A nightstand is a small bedside table 
Nightstand or Night stand may also refer to:

Nightstand (album), by Tancred, 2018
Night Stand with Dick Dietrick, a 1990s American television comedy show
"Nightstand", a song by K  Michelle from More Issues Than Vogue, 2016

See also
One-night stand
Passage 10:
The Night of Nights
The Night of Nights is a 1939 black-and-white drama film written by Donald Ogden Stewart and directed by Lewis Milestone for Paramount Pictures that starred Pat O'Brien, Olympe Bradna, and Roland Young The film received positive contemporary reviews from publications such as The New York Times  Director Milestone went on to other successful productions after the film came out, including Ocean's 11 and Pork Chop Hill 

Background
Milestone directed The Night of Nights nine years after winning the 1930 Academy Award for Best Director for All Quiet on the Western Front 

Plot
Dan O'Farrell (Pat O'Brien) is a brilliant Broadway theater playwright, actor, and producer who has left the business   When he was younger, he and his partner Barry Keith-Trimble (Roland Young) were preparing for the opening night of O'Farell's play Laughter by getting drunk   When it was time to perform, they were so intoxicated they ended up brawling on stage and fell into the orchestra pit   The two left the theater and continued drinking, until they learn that they have been suspended  At the same time, O'Farrell learns that his wife, actress Alyce Martelle, is pregnant and has left him for ruining her performance in Laughter as Toni   Despondent, he in left the business and went into seclusion 
Years later, his daughter Marie (Olympe Bradna) locates him and inspires him to return to Broadway   He decides to restage Laughter with its original cast, but with Marie substituting for Alyce in the part of Toni   Hoping to make a glorious return with a show that would be a hit with critics and the public alike, O'Farrell enlists the aid of friends to embark on a full-fledged comeback 

Cast
Reception
Frank S  Nugent wrote for The New York Times that the work of actors Pat O'Brien and Roland Young, had "been a labor of love and the film has profited accordingly " In noting that the plot centered on "the theatre and some of the curious folk who inhabit it", the newspaper's review stated that the film had an acceptable sentimentality and shared that the story was "an uncommonly interesting study of a man's mind, subtly written and directed, presented with honesty and commendable sincerity by Mr  O'Brien, Mr  Young and Olympe Bradna, and well worth any one's attention " The only objection in the review was that the stage play Laughter, the piece being produced within the film by O'Brien's character of Dan O'Farrell, "seemed to be the most awful tripe "
Context 2: Passage 1:
Gustav Skram
Johan Christian Gustav Skram (13 July 1802 – 7 April 1865) was a Danish railroad director  He was the father of danish writer Erik Skram, the second husband of Norwegian writer Amalie Skram 

Career
Skram was the first managing director of the Railway Company of Zealand, from 1844 to 1856, which ran the first railway in Denmark 

Personal life
Skram was born Johan Christian Gustav Schram in Copenhagen, the son of Gerhard Christopher Schram and Anne Johanne Christiane Jørgensen  
He was married twice, first to silk trader's daughter Johanne Margaretha Klein from 1826 to her death in 1835  In 1837 he married Justice Counsellor's daughter Ida Johanne Hoë (1814–1886)  With his second wife he had the son, writer and journalist Asbjørn Oluf Erik Skram (1847–1923), who, from 1884 to 1900, was married to noted Norwegian writer Amalie Skram 
Passage 2:
Johann Christian von Engel
Johann Christian von Engel (1770–1814) was an Austrian historian of Ukrainian, Romanian, Hungarian, Croatian, and German history 

Biography
He was born in Leutschau (today Levoča, Slovakia), then belonging to Kingdom of Hungary under Habsburg monarchy, and received his education at the University of Göttingen, where Heyne and Schlözer were among his teachers  He wrote several historical works which in their day were treasure houses of knowledge and scholarship  He was the first to put the history of Hungary, Ukraine, and the Danubian principalities on a sound scholarly basis  In 1812 he was ennobled 

Works
His greatest works are Die Geschichte der Ukraine und der ukrainische Kosaken, wie auch der Königreiche Halitsch-Wladimir ("History of Ukraine and the Ukrainian Cossacks, along with the Kingdom of Halych-Volodymyr", Halle 1796) Geschichte des ungarischen Reiches und seine Nebenländer (“History of imperial Hungary and neighboring lands,” 5 vols , 1797–1804); Geschichte der Moldau und Walachey (Halle, 1804) and Geschichte des Königreichs Ungarn (“History of the kingdom of Hungary,” 5 vols , 1814) 

Notes
Passage 3:
Johann Christian Simon Handt
Johann Christian Simon Handt (born Johann Christian Simon Hundt; 1794 – 7 July 1863) was a German-born Australian minister and missionary of Lutheran faith  Known for being Queensland's first missionary or one of the first, Handt is also said to have brought in the first pineapples in Queensland 

Early life
Handt was born Johann Christian Simon Hundt in 1794  One source lists his birthplace as Aken-on-the-Elbe, Saxony, Germany, others list Prussia  His mother died in 1813 and his father in 1816  He changed his surname to "Handt" after being constantly laughed at for his surname sounding like "Hund" (German for "dog")  Handt went on to become a tailor before enrolling as a missionary; in 1822, Handt moved to Switzerland to attend the Basle Missionary Institute in Basel  He graduated in January 1827 

Career and personal life
In around 1830, the London Missionary Society dispatched Handt to work with natives in Australia, alongside a few other Germans  Handt reached Sydney on 25 June 1831  That year, he travelled with his wife to Wellington, New South Wales, to start missionary work for the New South Wales Church Mission Society  Their work came to an end when one of them came down with an illness and the couple were forced to return to Sydney  He is credited as the first German missionary in New South Wales, and one of the first missionaries in Queensland Handt is credited with having brought in the first pineapples in Queensland  Handt married Mary Crook (died 1844), the eldest daughter of educator and missionary William Pascoe Cook, in July 1832  They had three children — Sarah, Wilhelm, and Ambrosius  Handt was a Lutheran 

Final years and death
One source states that Handt died at a prison hospital in Geelong, Victoria, on 7 July 1863, aged 70  Another source writes that he died at his residence in Bond Street, Chillwell  It is unclear as to where Handt is buried 

Notes
Passage 4:
Charles Tisch
Carl Johann Christian "Charles" Tisch was an American politician, member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, and historical person for whom Tisch Mills, Wisconsin, was named 

Biography
Tisch was born on May 26, 1829, in Eutin, Germany  In 1851, he settled in what is now Mishicot (town), Wisconsin, in Manitowoc County, Wisconsin  He would build a sawmill and gristmills in what would become Tisch Mills, Wisconsin, which was named after him  On January 10, 1895, Tisch died of blood poisoning in Wausau, Wisconsin 

Political career
Tisch was a member of the Assembly in 1877 and 1878  Other positions he held include County Judge of Kewaunee County, Wisconsin, from 1870 to 1874  He was a Democrat 
Passage 5:
Li Jun (table tennis)
Li Jun (born 30 June 1967) is a female Chinese former international table tennis player  She later represented Japan under the name Junko Haneyoshi She won bronze medal's at the 1989 World Table Tennis Championships and the 1991 World Table Tennis Championships in the women's doubles with Ding Yaping 

See also
List of table tennis players
List of World Table Tennis Championships medalists
Passage 6:
Johann Christian Hüttner
Johann Christian Hüttner (25 May 1766 – 24 May 1847) was a German translator who settled in the United Kingdom 

Life
Hüttner was born at Guben in Lusatia, Germany  He graduated from the University of Leipzig in 1791, and went to England, as tutor to George Thomas Staunton, son of Sir George Staunton, 1st Baronet  He went with his pupil to China in Lord Macartney's embassy, and was sometimes employed to write official letters in Latin 

In 1807 Hüttner was appointed as translator to the Foreign Office, after Charles Burney, pleased with details on Chinese music, lobbied George Canning  As such he translated from Spanish into German the appeal by Pedro Cevallos to the nations of Europe on Napoleon's invasion of Spain  He kept up relations with Germany, and acted as literary agent to the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar Hüttner's death, after a street accident, took place on 24 May 1847, at Fludyer Street, Westminster 

Works
Hüttner sent accounts of experiences in China to friends in Germany  A copy of them was sold to a Leipzig bookseller, and friends brought out an authentic text, which appeared at Berlin in 1797, entitled Nachricht von der brittischen Gesandtschaftsreise durch China und einen Theil der Tartarei  The work anticipated the official account  French translations were published in 1799 and 1804 Other works were:

De Mythis Platonis, Leipzig, 1788;
Hindu Gesetzbuch oder Menu's Verordnungen, an edited translation of Sir William Jones's English translation of the Laws of Manu from the Sanskrit, Weimar, 1797;
Englische Miscellen herausgegeben (Bd  5-25), Tübingen, 1800 and onwards;
An edition, with German notes, of James Townley's farce High Life Below Stairs, Tübingen, 1802 He also contributed to German encyclopedias and periodicals 

Family
Hüttner was twice married, but left no issue 

Notes

Attribution This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed  (1891)  "Hüttner, Johann Christian"  Dictionary of National Biography  Vol  28  London: Smith, Elder & Co 
Passage 7:
Johann Christian Gustav Lucae
Johann Christian Gustav Lucae (14 March 1814, Frankfurt am Main – 3 February 1885, Frankfurt am Main) was a German anatomist known for his studies in the field of craniology 

Biography
From 1833 he studied medicine at the universities of Marburg and Würzburg, receiving his doctorate at Marburg in 1839  After graduation he settled as a general practitioner in his hometown of Frankfurt  Beginning in 1845 he worked as a lecturer of pathology at the Senckenberg Institute of Anatomy  From 1851 he taught classes in anatomy and subsequently became director of the institute, a position he maintained up until his death  In 1863 he obtained the title of professor, and in 1869 began teaching anatomy classes at the Städel Art Institute 

In collaboration with sculptor Eduard Schmidt von der Launitz, he developed improved methods for drawing anatomical objects Lucae was one of the 56 fouding members of the Freies Deutsches Hochstift (Free German Foundation) 

Selected writings
Schädelzeichnungen, 1840 – – Anatomical drawings of skulls 
Zur Morphologie des Säugethier-Schädels, 1872 – The morphology of mammal skulls 
Affen- und Menschenschädel im Bau und Wachsthum verglichen, 1873 – Monkey and human skulls in construction and growth compared 
Zur Morphologie der Rassen-Schädel, einleitende Bemerkungen und Beiträge; ein Sendschreiben an Carl Ernst v  Baer, 1876 – The morphology of racial skulls;  Introductory remarks and contributions; a missive to Karl Ernst von Baer 
Die Robbe und die Otter (Phoca vitulina und Lutra vulgaris) : in ihrem Knochen-und Muskel-skelet, 1876 – The seal and the otter (Lutra vulgaris and Phoca vitulina): involving bone and musculoskeleton 
Die statik und mechanik der quadrupeden an dem skelet und den muskeln eines lemur und eines choloepus, 1883 – The statics and mechanics of quadrupeds     the skeleton and muscles of lemurs and Choloepus 
Passage 8:
Johann Christian Jacobi (oboist)
Johann Christian Jacobi (1719 – 1784) was a German oboist and composer of the Baroque period 

Life
Jacobi was born in Tilsit, Prussian Lithuania (now Sovetsk, Russia)  He had his first lessons on the oboe from his father, a skilled player of the violin and oboe  After the premature death of his father, he spent a period of self-tuition before moving to Berlin where he immediately sought lessons with the royal Kammermusicus and famous oboe virtuoso Peter Glösch  In 1746, he was accepted into the Hofkapelle of Frederick the Great and, at this time, began studying composition with his colleague, the flautist Friedrich Wilhelm Riedt By 1754, Jacobi was employed as the principal oboist in the Hofkapelle of Frederick the Great's cousin, Charles Frederick Albert, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt in Berlin  On the recommendation of Johann Joachim Quantz, in 1768 King Frederick appointed Jacobi as the director of the Hautboistenschule in Potsdam, responsible for training the nearly 2,000 oboists in the Prussian army Jacobi was a member of the "Freitagsakademien" (Friday academies), a musical society which met each Friday at the house of Johann Gottlieb Janitsch  For Jacobi, Janitsch was said to have composed all manner of trios, quartets and concertos in "all the usual and unusual keys"  Such pieces allowed Jacobi to improve his skills as an oboist, and earned him a great reputation amongst Berlin's musical societies  Two works  by Janitsch bear a dedication to Jacobi, and several other works in extremely uncharacteristic keys for the oboe by Janitsch can be presumed to have been composed for him  They are a testament to his great skill on the instrument  Bruce Haynes lists him among the great oboists of the baroque period Unfortunately, no compositions by Jacobi have survived 
Passage 9:
Johann Gottlieb Kugelann
Johann Gottlieb Kugelann (2 January 1753 – 8 September 1815) was a German entomologist  A pharmacist by profession, Kugelann worked on Coleoptera He published (with Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger and Johann Christian Ludwig Hellwig) in 1798 Verzeichniss der Käfer Preussens 
Passage 10:
Ding Yaping
Ding Yaping (born in 1967), not to be confused with Deng Yaping, is a female Chinese and German former international table tennis player She won bronze medal's at the 1989 World Table Tennis Championships and the 1991 World Table Tennis Championships in the women's doubles with Li Jun She later represented Germany 

See also
List of table tennis players
List of World Table Tennis Championships medalists
Context 3: Passage 1:
Lyon Cohen
Lyon Cohen (born Yehuda Leib Cohen; May 11, 1868 – August 17, 1937) was a Polish-born Canadian businessman and a philanthropist  He was the grandfather of singer/poet Leonard Cohen 

Biography
Cohen was born in Congress Poland, part of the Russian Empire, to a Jewish family on May 11, 1868  He immigrated to Canada with his parents in 1871  He was educated at the McGill Model School and the Catholic Commercial Academy in Montreal  In 1888, he entered the firm of Lee & Cohen in Montreal; later became partner with his father in the firm of L  Cohen & Son; in 1895, he established W  R  Cuthbert & Co; in 1900, he organized the Canadian Improvement Co , a dredging contractor; in 1906, he founded The Freedman Co  in Montreal; and in May 1919, he organized and became President of Canadian Export Clothiers, Ltd   The Freedman Company went on to become one of Montreal’s largest clothing companies In 1897, Cohen and Samuel William Jacobs founded the Canadian Jewish Times, the first English-language Jewish newspaper in Canada  The newspaper promoted the Canadianization of recent East European Jewish immigrants and encouraged their acceptance of Canadian customs as Cohen felt that the old world customs of immigrant Jews were one of the main causes of anti-Semitism  In 1914, the paper was purchased by Hirsch Wolofsky, owner of the Yiddish-language Keneder Adler, who transformed it into the Canadian Jewish Chronicle He died on August 17, 1937, at the age of 69 

Philanthropy
Cohen was elected the first president of the Canadian Jewish Congress in 1919 and organized the Jewish Immigrant Aid Services of Canada  Cohen was also a leader of the Young Men’s Hebrew Benevolent Society (later the Baron de Hirsch Institute) and the United Talmud Torahs, a Jewish day school in Montreal  He also served as president of Congregation Shaar Hashomayim and president of the Jewish Colonization Association in Canada 

Personal life
Cohen married Rachel Friedman of Montreal on February 17, 1891  She was the founder and President of Jewish Endeavour Sewing School  They had three sons and one daughter:

Nathan Bernard Cohen, who served as a lieutenant in the World War; he married Lithuanian Jewish immigrant Masha Klonitsky and they had one daughter and one son:
Esther Cohen and
singer/poet Leonard Cohen 
Horace Rives Cohen, who was a captain and quartermaster of his battalion in World War I;
Lawrence Zebulun Cohen, student at McGill University, and
Sylvia Lillian Cohen 
Passage 2:
Trịnh Cương
Trịnh Cương (Hán tự: 鄭棡; 9 July 1686 – 20 December 1729) was the lord who ruled Tonkin from 1709 to 1729 (his title as ruler was An Đô Vương)  Trịnh Cương was born to Trịnh Bính, a grandson of the former lord Trịnh Căn  He belonged to the line of Trịnh lords who had ruled parts of Vietnam since 1545  Like his great-grandfather and predecessor, Trịnh Căn, his reign was mostly devoted to administrative reforms 

Biography
Trịnh Cương ruled Việt Nam during a time of external peace but growing internal strife  He enacted many governmental reforms in both financial matters and judicial rules  His main concern was the growing problem of landless peasants  Unlike the Nguyễn lords who were constantly expanding their territory south, the Trịnh lords had little room for expansion  Hence, the land supply was essentially fixed but the population kept growing 
Trịnh Cương tried various legislative means to solve the problem  He tried to limit private land holdings  He tried to redistribute the communal fields of the small villages  Nothing really worked and the problem became very serious over the succeeding decades  According to historian R  H  Bruce Lockhart, the governmental reforms enacted by Trịnh Cương and his great-grandfather, Trịnh Căn, made the government more effective but, they also made the government more of a burden to the people  This had the effect of increasing the hatred felt by the people towards the Trịnh rulers in Hanoi 
Trịnh Cương passed an edict forbidding people to practice Christianity in 1712  Like previous efforts to suppress Christianity, this had little real effect in Vietnam  However, he tried to offer the people an alternative, and he had many Buddhist pagodas constructed during his rule 
As far as the Lê dynasty was concerned, the emperor, Lê Dụ Tông, ruled throughout Trịnh Cương's lifetime  The two men died within a few months of each other in 1729 

Sources
Encyclopedia of Asian History, Volume 4  1988  Charles Scribner's Sons, New York 
Annam and its Minor Currency Chapter 16 (downloaded May 2006)

See also
Trịnh lords
Lê dynasty
Passage 3:
Kaya Alp
Kaya Alp (Ottoman Turkish: قایا الپ, lit  'Brave Rock') was, according to Ottoman tradition, the son of Kızıl Buğa or Basuk and the father of Suleyman Shah  He was the grandfather of Ertuğrul Ghazi, the father of the founder of the Ottoman Empire, Osman I  He was also famously known for being the successing name of Ertokus Bey’s son Kaya Alp  He was a descendant of the ancestor of his tribe, Kayı son of Gun son of Oghuz Khagan, the legendary progenitor of the Oghuz Turks 
Passage 4:
Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Diễm
Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Diễm (Hán tự: 阮氏玉琰, 1721–1784), posthumous name Từ Trạch (慈澤), was a consort of lord Trịnh Doanh 

Biography
Lady Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Diễm was born in 1721 at Linh Đường village, Linh Đàm commune, Thanh Trì district, Southern of Phụng Thiên prefect  She was commended to Trịnh clan's palace by her father who was Duke Nguyễn Văn Luân (阮文倫, 1686–1739)  She became a concubine of prince Trịnh Doanh and was granted the title Hoa Dung (花容) 
Passage 5:
Zhao Shoushan
Zhao Shoushan (simplified Chinese: 赵寿山; traditional Chinese: 趙壽山; pinyin: Zhào Shòushān; 12 November 1894 – 20 June 1965) was a KMT general and later Chinese Communist Party politician  He is the grandfather of Zhao Leji 

Career
Zhao Shoushan was born in Hu County, Shaanxi in 1894  After the foundation of the People's Republic of China, Zhao was the CCP Chairman of Qinghai and Governor of Shaanxi 

External links
(in Chinese) Biography of Zhao Shoushan, Shaanxi Daily July 9, 2006 
Passage 6:
Trịnh Doanh
Trịnh Doanh (4 December 1720 – 15 February 1767) ruled northern Vietnam (Tonkin) from 1740 to 1767 (he ruled with the title Minh Đô Vương)  Trịnh Doanh was the third son of Trịnh Cương, and belonged to the line of Trịnh lords who ruled northern Vietnam  His rule was spent putting down rebellions against Trịnh rule 

Trịnh Doanh took over from his brother, Trịnh Giang, who, through financial mismanagement and bad behavior, provoked a wave of revolts against his rule  This was a time of increasing peasant revolts in both the north and the south under the Nguyễn lords  In the north, some of the revolts were apparently led by members of the royal Lê family  The rebellions which broke out in Tonkin during this period, were almost without number  Princes belonging to the royal family, generals, civil mandarins, common people, and out-casts from the hills, all rose in the provinces against the tyranny of the Trịnh, as well as for their personal interests  Chapter 16 (continued) 
Despite the many revolts, Trịnh Doanh defeated them all and passed the rule of Vietnam to his son, Trịnh Sâm 
As far as the Lê dynasty was concerned, there was just one emperor, Lê Hien Tông (1740–1786), who occupied the royal throne in Hanoi 

See also
Lê dynasty

Sources
Encyclopedia of Asian History, Volumes 4  1988  Charles Scribner's Sons, New York 
Annam and its Minor Currency Chapter 16 (downloaded May 2006)
Passage 7:
Henry Krause
Henry J



ground_truth: Alkohol

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Are Ding Yaping and Johann Christian Gustav Lucae of the same nationality?

The following are given passages.
Context 3:  "Red" Krause, Jr  (August 28, 1913 – February 20, 1987) was an American football offensive lineman in the National Football League for the Brooklyn Dodgers and the Washington Redskins   He played college football at St  Louis University 
Passage 8:
Abd al-Muttalib
Shayba ibn Hāshim (Arabic: شَيْبَة إبْن هَاشِم; c  497–578), better known as ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, (Arabic: عَبْد ٱلْمُطَّلِب, lit  'Servant of Muttalib') was the fourth chief of the Quraysh tribal confederation  He was the grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad 

Early life
His father was Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf,: 81  the progenitor of the distinguished Banu Hashim, a clan of the Quraysh tribe of Mecca  They claimed descent from Ismā'īl and Ibrāhīm  His mother was Salma bint Amr, from the Banu Najjar, a clan of the Khazraj tribe in Yathrib (later called Madinah)  Hashim died while doing business in Gaza, before Abd al-Muttalib was born : 81 His real name was "Shaiba" meaning 'the ancient one' or 'white-haired' because of the streak of white through his jet-black hair, and is sometimes also called Shaybah al-Ḥamd ("The white streak of praise") : 81–82  After his father's death he was raised in Yathrib with his mother and her family until about the age of eight, when his uncle Muttalib ibn Abd Manaf went to see him and asked his mother Salmah to entrust Shaybah to his care  Salmah was unwilling to let her son go and Shaiba refused to leave his mother without her consent  Muṭṭalib then pointed out that the possibilities Yathrib had to offer were incomparable to Mecca  Salmah was impressed with his arguments, so she agreed to let him go  Upon first arriving in Mecca, the people assumed the unknown child was Muttalib's servant and started calling him 'Abd al-Muttalib ("servant of Muttalib") : 85–86

Chieftain of Hashim clan
When Muṭṭalib died, Shaiba succeeded him as the chief of the Hāshim clan  Following his uncle Al-Muṭṭalib, he took over the duties of providing the pilgrims with food and water, and carried on the practices of his forefathers with his people  He attained such eminence as none of his forefathers enjoyed; his people loved him and his reputation was great among them : 61 
'Umar ibn Al-Khaṭṭāb's grandfather Nufayl ibn Abdul Uzza arbitrated in a dispute between 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib and Ḥarb ibn Umayyah, Abu Sufyan's father, over the custodianship of the Kaaba  Nufayl gave his verdict in favour of 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib  Addressing Ḥarb ibn Umayyah, he said:
Why do you pick a quarrel with a person who is taller than you in stature; more imposing than you in appearance; more refined than you in intellect; whose progeny outnumbers yours and whose generosity outshines yours in lustre? Do not, however, construe this into any disparagement of your good qualities which I highly appreciate  You are as gentle as a lamb, you are renowned throughout Arabia for the stentorian tones of your voice, and you are an asset to your tribe 

Discovery of Zam Zam Well
'Abdul-Muṭṭalib said that while sleeping in the sacred enclosure, he had dreamed he was ordered to dig at the worship place of the Quraysh between the two deities Isāf and Nā'ila  There he would find the Zamzam Well, which the Jurhum tribe had filled in when they left Mecca  The Quraysh tried to stop him digging in that spot, but his son Al-Ḥārith stood guard until they gave up their protests  After three days of digging, 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib found traces of an ancient religious well and exclaimed, "Allahuakbar!" Some of the Quraysh disputed his claim to sole rights over water, then one of them suggested that they go to a female shaman who lived afar  It was said that she could summon jinns and that she could help them decide who was the owner of the well  So, 11 people from the 11 tribes went on the expedition  They had to cross the desert to meet the priestess but then they got lost  There was a lack of food and water and people started to lose hope of ever getting out  One of them suggested that they dig their own graves and if they died, the last person standing would bury the others  So all began digging their own graves and just as Abdul-Muṭṭalib started digging, water spewed out from the hole he dug and everyone became overjoyed  It was then and there decided that Abdul-Muttalib was the owner of the Zam Zam well  Thereafter he supplied pilgrims to the Kaaba with Zam Zam water, which soon eclipsed all the other wells in Mecca because it was considered sacred : 86–89 : 62–65

The Year of the Elephant
According to Muslim tradition, the Ethiopian governor of Yemen, Abrahah al-Ashram, envied the Kaaba's reverence among the Arabs and, being a Christian, he built a cathedral on Sana'a and ordered pilgrimage be made there : 21  The order was ignored and someone desecrated (some saying in the form of defecation: 696 note 35 ) the cathedral  Abrahah decided to avenge this act by demolishing the Kaaba and he advanced with an army towards Mecca : 22–23 There were thirteen elephants in Abrahah's army: 99 : 26  and the year came to be known as 'Ām al-Fīl (the Year of the Elephant), beginning a trend for reckoning the years in Arabia which was used until 'Umar ibn Al-Khaṭṭāb replaced it with the Islamic Calendar in 638 CE (17 AH), with the first year of the Islamic Calendar being 622 CE 
When news of the advance of Abrahah's army came, the Arab tribes of Quraysh, Kinānah, Khuzā'ah and Hudhayl united in defence of the Kaaba  A man from the Ḥimyar tribe was sent by Abrahah to advise them that he only wished to demolish the Kaaba and if they resisted, they would be crushed  "Abdul-Muṭṭalib told the Meccans to seek refuge in the nearest high hills while he, with some leading members of Quraysh, remained within the precincts of the Kaaba  Abrahah sent a dispatch inviting 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib to meet him and discuss matters  When 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib left the meeting he was heard saying, "The Owner of this House is its Defender, and I am sure He will save it from the attack of the adversaries and will not dishonour the servants of His House ": 24–26 It is recorded that when Abrahah's forces neared the Kaaba, Allah commanded small birds (abābīl) to destroy Abrahah's army, raining down pebbles on it from their beaks  Abrahah was seriously wounded and retreated towards Yemen but died on the way : 26–27  This event is referred to in the following Qur'anic chapter:

Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the owners of the Elephant?
Did He not make their treacherous plan go astray?

And He sent against them birds in flocks, striking them with stones of baked clay, so He rendered them like straw eaten up 
Most Islamic sources place the event around the year that Muhammad was born, 570 CE, though other scholars place it one or two decades earlier  A tradition attributed to Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri in the musannaf of ʽAbd al-Razzaq al-Sanʽani places it before the birth of Muhammad's father 

Sacrificing his son Abdullah
Al-Harith was 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib's only son at the time he dug the Zamzam Well : 64  When the Quraysh tried to help him in the digging, he vowed that if he were to have ten sons to protect him, he would sacrifice one of them to Allah at the Kaaba  Later, after nine more sons had been born to him, he told them he must keep the vow  The divination arrows fell upon his favourite son Abdullah  The Quraysh protested 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib's intention to sacrifice his son and demanded that he sacrifice something else instead  'Abdul-Muṭṭalib agreed to consult a "sorceress with a familiar spirit"  She told him to cast lots between Abdullah and ten camels  If Abdullah were chosen, he had to add ten more camels, and keep on doing the same until his Lord accepted the camels in Abdullah's place  When the number of camels reached 100, the lot fell on the camels  'Abdul-Muṭṭalib confirmed this by repeating the test three times  Then the camels were sacrificed, and Abdullah was spared : 66–68

Family
Wives
Abd al-Muttalib had six known wives 

Sumra bint Jundab of the Hawazin tribe 
Lubnā bint Hājar of the Khuza'a tribe 
Fatima bint Amr of the Makhzum clan of the Quraysh tribe 
Halah bint Wuhayb of the Zuhrah clan of the Quraysh tribe 
Natīla bint Janab of the Namir tribe 
Mumanna'a bint Amr of the Khuza'a tribe 

Children
According to Ibn Hisham, ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib had ten sons and six daughters : 707–708 note 97  However, Ibn Sa'd lists twelve sons : 99–101 By Sumra bint Jundab:

Al-Ḥārith : 708  He was the firstborn and he died before his father : 99 
Quthum : 100  He is not listed by Ibn Hisham By Fatima bint Amr:

Al-Zubayr



ground_truth: yes

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Who is the paternal grandfather of Trịnh Doanh?

The following are given passages.
Context 3: : 707  He was a poet and a chief; his father made a will in his favour : 99  He died before Islam, leaving two sons and daughters : 101 : 34–35 
Abu Talib, born as Abd Manaf,: 99 : 707  father of the future Caliph Ali  He later became chief of the Hashim clan 
Abdullah, the father of Muhammad : 99 : 707 
Umm Hakim al-Bayda,: 100 : 707  the maternal grandmother of the third Caliph Uthman : 32 
Barra,: 100 : 707  the mother of Abu Salama : 33 
Arwa : 100 : 707 
Atika,: 100 : 707  a wife of Abu Umayya ibn al-Mughira : 31 
Umayma,: 100 : 707  the mother of Zaynab bint Jahsh and Abd Allah ibn Jahsh : 33 By Lubnā bint Hājar:

Abd al-'Uzzā, better known as Abū Lahab : 100 : 708 By Halah bint Wuhayb:

Ḥamza,: 707  the first big leader of Islam  He killed many leaders of the kufar and was considered as the strongest man of the quraysh  He was martyred at Uhud : 100 
Ṣafīyya : 100 : 707 
Al-Muqawwim : 707  He married Qilaba bint Amr ibn Ju'ana ibn Sa'd al-Sahmia, and had children named Abd Allah, Bakr, Hind, Arwa, and Umm Amr (Qutayla or Amra) 
Hajl : 707  He married Umm Murra bint Abi Qays ibn Abd Wud, and had two sons, named Abd Allah, Ubayd Allah, and three daughters named Murra, Rabi'a, and Fakhita By Natīlah bint Khubāb:

al-'Abbas,: 100 : 707  ancestor of the Abbasid caliphs 
Ḍirār,: 707  who died before Islam : 100 
Jahl, died before Islam
Imran, died before IslamBy Mumanna'a bint 'Amr:

Mus'ab, who, according to Ibn Saad, was the one known as al-Ghaydāq : 100  He is not listed by Ibn Hisham 
Al-Ghaydaq, died before Islam 
Abd al-Ka'ba, died before Islam : 100 
Al-Mughira,: 100  who had the byname al-Ghaydaq 

The family tree and some of his important descendants
Death
Abdul Muttalib's son 'Abdullāh died four months before Muḥammad's birth, after which Abdul Muttalib took care of his daughter-in-law Āminah  One day Muhammad's mother, Amina, wanted to go to Yathrib, where her husband, Abdullah, died  So, Muhammad, Amina, Abd al-Muttalib and their caretaker, Umm Ayman started their journey to Medina, which is around 500 kilometres away from Makkah  They stayed there for three weeks, then, started their journey back to Mecca  But, when they reached halfway, at Al-Abwa', Amina became very sick and died six years after her husband's death  She was buried over there  From then, Muhammad became an orphan  Abd al-Muttalib became very sad for Muhammad because he loved him so much  Abd al-Muttalib took care of Muhammad  But when Muhammad was eight years old, the very old Abd al-Muttalib became very sick and died at age 81-82 in 578-579 CE 
Shaybah ibn Hāshim's grave can be found in the Jannat al-Mu'allā cemetery in Makkah, Saudi Arabia 

See also
Family tree of Muhammad
Family tree of Shaiba ibn Hashim
Sahaba
Passage 9:
Fred Le Deux
Frederick David Le Deux (born 4 December 1934) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Geelong in the Victorian Football League (VFL)  He is the grandfather of Tom Hawkins 

Early life
Le Deux grew up in Nagambie and attended Assumption College, after which he went to Bendigo to study teaching 

Football
While a student at Bendigo Teachers' Training College, Le Deux played for the Sandhurst Football Club  He then moved to Ocean Grove to take up a teaching position and in 1956 joined Geelong A follower and defender, Le Deux made 18 appearances for Geelong over three seasons, from 1956 to 1958 He was troubled by a back injury in 1958, which kept him out of the entire 1959 VFL season In 1960 he joined Victorian Football Association club Mordialloc, as he had transferred to a local technical school 

Family
Le Deux's daughter Jennifer was married to former Geelong player Jack Hawkins  Jennifer died in 2015  Their son, Tom Hawkins, currently plays for Geelong 
Passage 10:
John Westley
Rev  John Wesley (1636–78) was an English nonconformist minister  He was the grandfather of John Wesley (founder of Methodism) 

Life
John Wesly (his own spelling), Westley, or Wesley was probably born at Bridport, Dorset, although some authorities claim he was born in Devon, the son of the Rev  Bartholomew Westley and Ann Colley, daughter of Sir Henry Colley of Carbery Castle in County Kildare, Ireland  He was educated at Dorchester Grammar School and as a student of New Inn Hall, Oxford, where he matriculated on 23 April 1651, and graduated B A  on 23 January 1655, and M A  on 4 July 1657  After his appointment as an evangelist, he preached at Melcombe Regis, Radipole, and other areas in Dorset  Never episcopally ordained, he was approved by Oliver Cromwell's Commission of Triers in 1658 and appointed Vicar of Winterborne Whitechurch The report of his interview in 1661 with Gilbert Ironside the elder, his diocesan, according to Alexander Gordon writing in the Dictionary of National Biography, shows him to have been an Independent  He was imprisoned for not using the Book of Common Prayer, imprisoned again and ejected in 1662  After the Conventicle Act 1664 he continued to preach in small gatherings at Preston and then Poole, until his death at Preston in 1678 

Family
He married a daughter of John White, who was related also to Thomas Fuller  White, the "Patriarch of Dorchester", married a sister of Cornelius Burges  Westley's eldest son was Timothy (born 1659)  Their second son was Rev  Samuel Wesley, a High Church Anglican vicar and the father of John and Charles Wesley  A younger son, Matthew Wesley, remained a nonconformist, became a London apothecary, and died on 10 June 1737, leaving a son, Matthew, in India; he provided for some of his brother Samuel's daughters 

Notes
Additional sources
Matthews, A  G , "Calamy Revised", Oxford University Press, 1934, page 521  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Wesley, Samuel (1662-1735)"  Dictionary of National Biography  London: Smith, Elder & Co  1885–1900 



ground_truth: Trịnh Bính