prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Are both villages, Rhosgoch and Qaleh-Ye Sahar, located in the same country?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Dameh
Dameh (Persian: دمه) is a village in Qaleh-ye Khvajeh Rural District, in the Central District of Andika County, Khuzestan Province, Iran  At the 2006 census, its population was 87, in 12 families 
Passage 2:
Rhosgoch
Rhosgoch (Welsh pronunciation; meaning: Red Moor) is a small village in the north of the island of Anglesey, Wales, about 3 5 miles (5 6 km) to the south-west of Amlwch  It is in the community of Rhosybol 
A short distance to the west of the village is the small lake Llyn Hafodol and a mile to the south is Anglesey's largest body of water the reservoir Llyn Alaw (Water Lily Lake) The village once had a station on the Anglesey Central Railway  Although the tracks still exist, no train has run on them since 1993  Also connected to the railway, was a short south-west facing spur that led to an oil terminal  This was linked to a floating dock in the sea off of Amlwch, where super-tankers could dock in all tides and feed oil via Rhosgoch and a pipeline to Stanlow oil refinery  This operation lasted for 16 years between 1974 and 1990 The first tornado of the record-breaking 1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak, an F1/T2 tornado, touched down close to Rhosgoch at around 10:19 local time on 23 November 1981 
Passage 3:
Khosrow, Andika
Khosrow (Persian: خسرو) is a village in Qaleh-ye Khvajeh Rural District, in the Central District of Andika County, Khuzestan Province, Iran  At the 2006 census, its population was 70, in 13 families 
Passage 4:
Qaleh-ye Sahar
Qaleh-ye Sahar (Persian: قلعه سحر, also Romanized as Qal‘eh-ye Saḩar and Qal‘eh Sahar; also known as Qal‘eh-ye Saḩar Alhā’ī) is a village in Elhayi Rural District, in the Central District of Ahvaz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran  At the 2006 census, its population was 801, in 129 families 
Passage 5:
Qaleh-ye Askar
Qaleh-ye Askar or Qaleh Askar (Persian: قلعه عسكر), also rendered as Qaleh-ye Asgar and Qaleh Asgar may refer to:

Qaleh-ye Askar, Bam
Qaleh Askar, Bardsir
Qaleh Asgar Rural District
Passage 6:
Gohar, Iran
Gohar (Persian: گهر) is a village in Qaleh-ye Khvajeh Rural District, in the Central District of Andika County, Khuzestan Province, Iran  At the 2006 census, its population was 85, in 11 families 
Passage 7:
Qaleh-ye Zaras
Qaleh-ye Zaras (Persian: قلعه زراس, also Romanized as Qal‘eh-ye Zarās, Qal‘eh Zarās, and Qal‘eh Zarrās; also known as Ghal’eh Zaras) is a village in Qaleh-ye Khvajeh Rural District, in the Central District of Andika County, Khuzestan Province, Iran  At the 2006 census, its population was 291, in 49 families 
Passage 8:
Qaleh-ye Pain
Qaleh-ye Pain (Persian: قلعه پائين) may refer to:

Qaleh-ye Pain, Bavanat
Qaleh-ye Pain, Marvdasht
Qaleh-ye Pain Baram
Qaleh-ye Pain Deh Shah
Passage 9:
Qaleh-ye Bakhtiar
Qaleh-ye Bakhtiar or Qaleh-ye Bakhteyar (Persian: قلعه بختيار) may refer to:

Qaleh-ye Bakhtiar, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
Qaleh-ye Bakhtiar, Hamadan
Passage 10:
Qaleh-ye Nashin Shahi
Qaleh-ye Nashin Shahi (Persian: قلعه نشين شاهي, also Romanized as Qalʿeh Nashīn Shāhī; also known as Qaleh-ye Shinshahi) is a village in Shurab Rural District, Veysian District, Dowreh County, Lorestan Province, Iran  At the 2006 census, its population was 72, in 14 families 
Context 2: Passage 1:
Duke Ding of Qi
Duke Ding of Qi (Chinese: 齊丁公; pinyin: Qí Dīng Gōng; reigned c  10th century BC) was the second recorded ruler of the ancient Chinese state of Qi during the Western Zhou Dynasty   His personal name was Lü Ji (呂伋) and ancestral name was Jiang (姜) According to classical Chinese texts such as the Records of the Grand Historian and Zuo Zhuan, Duke Ding succeeded his father Lü Shang, Duke Tai of Qi, who was said to have been a centenarian   Duke Ding supposedly served King Kang of Zhou along with other major vassal state rulers including Xiong Yi, viscount of Chu, Count Kang of Wey (衞康伯), Xie, Marquis of Jin and Boqin, Duke of Lu   However, most modern historians believe Duke Ding was in fact the fifth-generation descendant of Duke Tai, and he could not have served King Kang of Zhou After Duke Ding died, he was succeeded by his son Duke Yǐ of Qi 

Family
Wives:

The mother of Crown Prince Dexing and Prince DeSons:

Prince Heng (公子衡), the progenitor of the Nie (聶) lineage
Served as the Minister of War of Wey
Fourth son, Crown Prince Dexing (世子德興), the progenitor of the Cui lineage and the father of Count Mu of Cui (崔穆伯)
Prince De (公子得; d  933 BC), ruled as Duke Yǐ of Qi from 974–933 BC
A son who ruled as the Count of Yi (懿)

Ancestry
Passage 2:
Tjuyu
Thuya (sometimes transliterated as Touiyou, Thuiu, Tuya, Tjuyu or Thuyu) was an Egyptian noblewoman and the mother of queen Tiye, and the wife of Yuya  She is the grandmother of Akhenaten, and great grandmother of Tutankhamun 

Biography
Thuya is believed to be a descendant of Queen Ahmose-Nefertari, and she held many official roles in the interwoven religion and government of ancient Egypt  She was involved in many religious cults; her titles included 'Singer of Hathor' and 'Chief of the Entertainers' of both Amun and Min  She also held the influential offices of Superintendent of the Harem of the god Min of Akhmin and of Amun of Thebes   She married Yuya, a powerful ancient Egyptian courtier of the Eighteenth Dynasty   She is believed to have died in around 1375 BC in her early to mid 50s 

Children
Yuya and Thuya had a daughter named Tiye, who became the Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Amenhotep III  The great royal wife was the highest Egyptian religious position, serving alongside of the pharaoh in official ceremonies and rituals 
Yuya and Thuya also had a son named Anen, who carried the titles Chancellor of Lower Egypt, Second Prophet of Amun, sm-priest of Heliopolis and Divine Father They also may have been the parents of Ay, an Egyptian courtier active during the reign of pharaoh Akhenaten who became pharaoh after the death of Tutankhamun  However, there is no conclusive evidence regarding the kinship of Yuya and Ay, although certainly, both men came from Akhmim 

Tomb
Thuya was interred in tomb KV46 in the Valley of the Kings, together with her husband Yuya, where their largely intact burial was found in 1905  It was the best-preserved tomb discovered in the Valley before that of Tutankhamun, Thuya's great-grandson  The tomb was discovered by a team of workmen led by archaeologist James Quibell on behalf of the American millionaire Theodore M  Davis  Though the tomb had been robbed in antiquity, much of its contents were still present, including beds, boxes, chests, a chariot, and the sarcophagi, coffins, and mummies of the two occupants Thuya's large gilded and black-painted wooden sarcophagus was placed against the south wall of the tomb  It is rectangular, with a lid shaped like the sloping roof of the per-wer shrine of Upper Egypt, and sits on ornamental sledge runners, their non-functionality underscored by the three battens attached below them  Ancient robbers had partially dismantled it to access her coffins and mummy, placing its lid and one long side on a bed on the other side of the tomb; the other long side had been leaned against the south wall  Her outer gilded anthropoid coffin had been removed, its lid placed atop the beds, and the trough put into the far corner of the tomb; the lid of her second (innermost) coffin, also gilded, had been removed and placed to one side although the trough and her mummy remained inside the sarcophagus  Quibell suggests this is due to the robbers having some difficulty in removing the lid of this coffin 

Mummy
Thuya's mummified body was found covered with a large sheet of linen, knotted at the back and secured by four bandages  These bands were covered with resin and opposite each band were her gilded titles cut from gold foil  The resin coating on the lower layers of bandages preserved the impression of a large broad collar  The mummy bands that had once covered her wrapped mummy were recovered above the storage jars on the far side of the room The first examination of her body was conducted by Australian anatomist Grafton Elliot Smith  He found her to be an elderly woman of small stature, 1 495 metres (4 90 ft) in height, with white hair  Both of her earlobes had two piercings  Her arms are straight at her sides with her hands against the outside of her thighs  Her embalming incision is stitched with thread, to which a carnelian barrel bead is attached at the lower end; her body cavity is stuffed with resin-soaked linen  When Dr  Douglas Derry, (who later conducted the first examination of Tutankhamun's mummy) assisting Smith in his examination, exposed Thuya's feet to get an accurate measurement of her height, he found her to be wearing gold foil sandals  Smith estimated her age at more than 50 years based on her outward appearance alone  Recent CT scanning has estimated her age at death to be 50–60 years old  Her brain was removed, though no embalming material was inserted, and both nostrils were stuffed with linen  Embalming packs had been placed into her eye sockets, and subcutaneous filling had been placed into her mid and lower face to restore a lifelike appearance; embalming material had also been placed into her mouth and throat  Her teeth were in poor condition at the time of her death, with missing molars  Heavy wear and abscesses had been noted in earlier x-rays  The scan revealed that she had severe scoliosis with a Cobb angle of 25 degrees  No cause of death could be determined  Her mummy has the inventory number CG 51191 

Archaeological items pertaining to Thuya
Passage 3:
King Cheng of Zhou
King Cheng of Zhou (Chinese: 周成王; pinyin: Zhōu Chéng Wáng; Wade–Giles: Chou1 Ch‘êng2 Wang2), personal name Ji Song (姬誦), was the second king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty  The dates of his reign are 1042–1021 BCE or 1042/35–1006 BCE  His parents were King Wu of Zhou and Queen Yi Jiang (邑姜) King Cheng was young when he ascended the throne  His uncle, Duke of Zhou, fearing that Shang forces might rise again under the possible weak rule of a young ruler, became the regent and supervised government affairs for several years  Duke of Zhou established the eastern capital at Luoyang, and later defeated a rebellion by Cheng's uncles Cai Shu, Guan Shu and Huo Shu King Cheng later stabilized the Zhou dynasty's border by defeating several barbarian tribes along with the Duke of Zhou 

Family
Queens:

Wang Si, of the Si clan (王姒 姒姓), the mother of Crown Prince ZhaoSons:

Crown Prince Zhao (太子釗; 1040–996 BC), ruled as King Kang of Zhou from 1020 to 996 BC

Ancestry
See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors
Passage 4:
King Kang of Zhou
King Kang of Zhou, personal name Ji Zhao, was the third sovereign of the Chinese Zhou Dynasty and son of King Cheng of Zhou  The dates of his reign are 1020–996 BC or 1005–978 BC King Kang followed his father's policy and expanded the Zhou territory in the North and in the West  He also repressed a rebellion in the east  Life prospered in the Zhou Dynasty under Kang’s rule 
His was succeeded by his son King Zhao of Zhou 

Family
Queens:

Wang Jiang, of the Jiang clan (王姜 姜姓), the mother of Crown Prince XiaSons:

Crown Prince Xia (太子瑕; 1027–977 BC), ruled as King Zhao of Zhou from 995–977 BC

Ancestry
See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors
Passage 5:
King Ding of Zhou
King Ding of Zhou (Chinese: 周定王; pinyin: Zhōu Dìng Wáng), personal name Ji Yu, was the twenty-first king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty and the ninth of Eastern Zhou  He was a son of King Qing of Zhou and brother of King Kuang of Zhou He sent an official named Wangsun Man to present gifts to the Chu army  He met Prince Zhuang 

Family
Spouse:

Queen Ding of Zhou, of the Jiang clan of Qi (周定後 姜姓), possibly a daughter of Duke Hui of Qi; married in 603 BCSons:

Prince Yi (王子夷; d  572 BC), ruled as King Jian of Zhou from 585–572 BC

Ancestry
See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors


== Sources ==
Passage 6:
Hubba bint Hulail
Hubba bint Hulail (Arabic: حبة بنت هليل) was the grandmother of Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf, thus the great-great-great-grandmother of the Islamic prophet Muhammad 

Biography
Hubbah was the daughter of Hulail ibn Hubshiyyah ibn Salul ibn Ka’b ibn Amr al-Khuza’i of Banu Khuza'a who was the trustee and guardian of the Ka‘bah (Arabic: كَـعْـبَـة, 'Cube')  She married Qusai ibn Kilab and after her father died, the keys of the Kaaba were committed to her  Qusai, according to Hulail's will, had the trusteeship of the Kaaba after him 
Hubbah never gave up ambitious hopes for the line of her favourite son Abd Manaf  Her two favourite grandsons were the twin sons Amr and Abd Shams, of ‘Ātikah bint Murrah  Hubbah hoped that the opportunities missed by Abd Manaf would be made up for in these grandsons, especially Amr, who seemed much more suitable for the role than any of the sons of Abd al-Dar  He was dear to the ‘ayn (Arabic: عـيـن, eye) of his grandmother Hubbah 

Family
Qusai ibn Kilab had four sons by Hubbah: Abd-al-Dar ibn Qusai dedicated to his house, Abdu’l Qusayy dedicated to himself, Abd-al-Uzza ibn Qusai to his goddess (Al-‘Uzzá) and Abd Manaf ibn Qusai to the idol revered by Hubbah  They also had two daughters, Takhmur and Barrah  Abd Manaf's real name was 'Mughirah', and he also had the nickname 'al-Qamar' (the Moon) because he was handsome 
Hubbah was related to Muhammad in more than one way  Firstly, she was the great-great-grandmother of his father Abdullah  She was also the great-grandmother of Umm Habib and Abdul-Uzza, respectively the maternal grandmother and grandfather of Muhammad's mother Aminah 

Family tree
* indicates that the marriage order is disputed
Note that direct lineage is marked in bold 

See also
Family tree of Muhammad
List of notable Hijazis
Passage 7:
Duke of Shao
Shi, Duke of Shao (died c  1000 BCE), born Ji Shi, posthumous name Kang (康), also known as Lord of Shao or Duke of Shao, Duke Kang of Shao, and Grand Protector Shi, was a high-ranking minister of the early Zhou dynasty  He was a member of the royal clan  After King Wu of Zhou's death, Lord Shao supported the Duke of Zhou in his regency and helped suppress the Rebellion of the Three Guards  He remained a major figure at court for decades 

Royal kin
The earliest biography of Lord Shao, in Sima Qian's Records of the Grand Historian, states merely that he was a member of same ancestral temple kinship group as the house of Zhou  Wang Chong's Lunheng calls him the elder brother of the Duke of Zhou  Huangfu Mi states Lord Shao was the son of King Wen of Zhou by a concubine  Modern scholarship has not significantly modified this view
Context 3: Passage 1:
Keith Baxter (actor)
Keith Baxter (born 29 April 1933) is a Welsh theatre, film and television actor 

Early years and RADA
Born in Newport, Monmouthshire, in 1933, the son of a Merchant Navy sea captain, he was christened Keith Stanley Baxter-Wright and lived for a time in Romilly Road, Barry, Glamorgan  He was educated at Newport High School and Barry Grammar School  His early introduction to the stage was from his interest in making model theatres and stage scenery  He studied at London's Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts, during which period he shared a flat with a classmate, Alan Bates  He made his film debut in the 1957 remake of The Barretts of Wimpole Street and appeared uncredited as a detective in the British horror classic Peeping Tom (1960) 

Films
In 1960, Orson Welles selected Baxter to portray Prince Hal in his stage production Chimes at Midnight, which combined portions of the Shakespearean plays Henry IV, Part I, Henry IV, Part II, Henry V, Richard II, and The Merry Wives of Windsor and brought the comic figure of Falstaff to the forefront of a primarily tragic tale  Baxter repeated his performance in the 1965 film version  Additional film credits include Ash Wednesday (1973; with Elizabeth Taylor), Golden Rendezvous (1977), and Killing Time (1998) 

Broadway
In 1961, Baxter made his Broadway debut as King Henry VIII in A Man for All Seasons  Other New York City stage credits include The Affair (1962), Avanti! (1968), Sleuth (1970), Romantic Comedy (1980) and The Woman in Black (2001) 

Other selected theatrical appearances
Macbeth, Birmingham Repertory Theatre, Birmingham, England, 1972
Vershinin, Three Sisters, Greenwich Theatre, London, 1973
Benedick, Much Ado about Nothing, Royal Lyceum Theatre, Edinburgh, Scotland, 1973
Antony, Antony and Cleopatra, Stratford Festival Theatre, Stratford, Ontario, 1976
Witwoud, The Way of the World, Stratford Festival Theatre, 1976
Vershinin, Three Sisters, Stratford Festival Theatre, 1976
King, The Red Devil Battery Sign, Round House Theatre, then Phoenix Theatre, both London, 1977
Lord Illingworth, A Woman of No Importance, Chichester Festival Theatre, 1978
Antony, Antony and Cleopatra, Young Vic Theatre, London, 1982
Elyot, Private Lives, Aldwych Theatre, London, 1990
Cassius, Julius Caesar, Hartford Stage Company, 1990-1991
The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui, Chichester and The Duchess Theatre, 2013

Directing
The Red Devil Battery Sign, Roundhouse and Phoenix Theatre, 1977
Time and the Conways, 1988–89
Rope, Chichester Festival Theatre then Wyndham's Theatre, 1994
Dangerous Corner, Chichester Festival Theatre, 1994, and Whitehall Theatre, 1995
Gaslight
After October, 1996–97
SilhouetteBaxter has regularly directed shows at Shakespeare Theatre Company in Washington D C , including:
The Country Wife (2000)
The Rivals (2003)
Lady Windermere's Fan (2003)
The Imaginary Invalid (2008)
The Rivals (2009)
Mrs  Warren's Profession (2010)
An Ideal Husband (2011)
The Importance of Being Earnest

Cleopatra
Baxter was signed for the role of Octavian "Augustus" Caesar opposite Elizabeth Taylor's Cleopatra in the 1963 film of Cleopatra  Taylor's bout of pneumonia, soon after filming began, temporarily shut down filming  By the time she recovered, Baxter had other commitments and Roddy McDowall assumed the role  Baxter co-starred with Taylor in the film Ash Wednesday (1973)  He also later played Mark Antony opposite Maggie Smith's Cleopatra in Antony and Cleopatra at the Stratford Festival in Canada in 1976 

Television work
Baxter's television work includes appearances in Gideon's Way, The Avengers, Hawaii Five-O, Thriller(1976) and the 1998 mini-series Merlin 

Other work
Baxter is the author of My Sentiments Exactly, memoirs  He has written several plays including 56 Duncan Terrace, Cavell and Barnaby and the Old Boys 
In 1971, he recorded an LP of several of the short stories of Saki for Caedmon Records under the title Reginald on House-Parties, and Other Stories He is an associate member of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art

Theatre awards
1962 Theatre World Award for A Man for All Seasons
1971 Drama Desk Award for Sleuth

Filmography
Film
Television
Passage 2:
Helge Schneider
Helge Schneider (born 30 August 1955 in Mülheim an der Ruhr) is a German entertainer, comedian, musician, author, film and theatre director, and actor  He frequently appears on German television and is probably best known for his song "Katzeklo" (Kitty Litter Box): "Katzeklo, Katzeklo, ja das macht die Katze froh" ("Kitty litter tray, kitty litter tray, that's what makes the kitty gay [happy] "), which spent 17 weeks on the German music charts in 1994, peaking at number 13 

Discography
1987: The Last Jazz
1989: Seine größten Erfolge (His greatest hits)
1990: New York, I'm Coming
1991: Hörspiele Vol 1 (1979–1984) (Radio dramas)
1992: Hörspiele Vol 2 (1985–1987)
1992: Guten Tach (Hello there)
1993: Es gibt Reis, Baby (We're gonna have some rice, baby)
1995: Es rappelt im Karton (Rumble in the cardboard box)
1997: Da Humm
1998: Helge 100% live – The Berlin Tapes (live album)
1999: Eiersalat in Rock (Egg salad in rock, released as Helge and the Firefuckers)
1999: Jazz (& Hardcore)
2000: Hefte raus – Klassenarbeit! (live album; Workbooks out – exam time!)
2003: Out of Kaktus!
2004: Füttern verboten (live album; Please don't feed)
2007: I Brake Together (a complex German-English wordplay: The German expression for I am collapsing (Ich breche zusammen) can be literally translated as I break (not: brake) together)
2007: Akopalüze Nau (live album; parody of "Apocalypse Now")
2013: Sommer, Sonne, Kaktus (Summer, sun, cactus)
2014: Live at the Grugahalle – 20 Jahre Katzeklo (Evolution!) (live album)
2017: Heart Attack No  1 (feat  Pete York)
2019: Partypeople (beim Fleischer) (Partypeople (At the Butcher))
2020: Mama

Filmography
As director
1982: The Privatier (not published)
1987: Stangenfieber (Stick fever)
1993: Texas – Doc Snyder hält die Welt in Atem (Texas – Doc Snyder sets the world aghast)
1994: 00 Schneider – Jagd auf Nihil Baxter (00 Schneider – The hunt for Nihil Baxter)
1996: Praxis Dr  Hasenbein (Dr  Hareleg's Practice)
2004: Jazzclub – Der frühe Vogel fängt den Wurm (Jazzclub – the early bird catches the worm)
2013: 00 Schneider – Im Wendekreis der Eidechse (The Tropic of Gecko)

As actor
1986: Johnny Flash as Johnny Flash
1994: Felidae as Jesaja (voice only)
2004: 7 Dwarves – Men Alone in the Wood as "The White (or Wise) Helge"
2004: Traumschiff Surprise – Periode 1 (singing)
2007: Mein Führer – Die wirklich wahrste Wahrheit über Adolf Hitler as Adolf Hitler
Passage 3:
Beryl Baxter
Beryl Baxter (8 April 1926 - 29 November 2012) was a British film actress whose career spanned the 1940s to the 1970s 

Early and personal life
Beryl Ivory was born in Birmingham, England on 8 April 1926  Adopting the stage name Beryl Baxter, she had hopes of becoming the new Margaret Lockwood  She made her film debut in 1948, taking a leading role in Idol of Paris  She married Bernard Gross in 1952 

Filmography
The Idol of Paris – Theresa (1948)
The Man Who Disappeared – Doreen (1951)
Counterspy – (uncredited; 1953)
The Mayerling Affair – Princess Stephanie (1956)
Encounter (TV series) – Pamela Brooks (one episode: "Depth 300"; 1958)
Charles Tupper: The Big Man – (1961)
The Avengers (TV series) – Helen Rayner (one episode: "The Outside-In Man"; 1964)
The Protectors  – Miss  Nicholson (one episode: "The Stamp Collection"; 1964)
Undermind (TV series) – Veronica (one episode: "End Signal"; 1965)
Love Story (TV series) – Ivy Burns (one episode: "The Sad Smile of the Mona Lisa"; 1965)
Thirteen Against Fate –  Madame Fabien (one episode, entitled 'The Son') (1966)
Detective (TV Series) – Mrs  Stephenson (one episode, entitled 'The Public School Murder') (1969)
Crime of Passion (TV series) – Mme  Juhan (episode: "Magdalena"; 1971)
Passage 4:
Darren Baxter (English footballer)
Darren Baxter (born 26 October 1981) is an English former professional footballer 

Playing career
Baxter was born in Brighton and began his football career as a trainee with Chelsea  He left Chelsea in the 2000–2001 season at the end of his three-year traineeship  On leaving Chelsea he joined Heart of Midlothian, but having missed the transfer deadline was restricted to playing for their reserve side 
He joined Worthing in the summer of 2001, but moved to St Albans City in March 2002, having played one match on loan for them in October 2001  In 2003, he played abroad in the USL Pro Select League with New York Freedom In 2004, he joined USL A-League side Toronto Lynx, making his debut for the club on 1 May 2004 in a match against the Rochester Rhinos in a 4–0 defeat  In his first season with the Lynx, Baxter recorded 4 goals and 2 assists, which ranked him third in scoring for the Lynx in his rookie season  When the season came to a conclusion he was awarded team's Best Offensive Player award  In 2005, Baxter was acquired by the Oakville Blue Devils in the Canadian Professional Soccer League after Duncan Wilde was appointed the new head coach  He made his debut for the club on 5 June 2005 in a 2–1 victory over the Vaughan Shooters  He helped Oakville finish second in the western conference allowing the club to clinch a playoff berth, which ultimately resulted in the club claiming the CPSL Championship 
On 18 April 2006 Baxter re-signing with the Lynx was announced in a press conference which revealed the 2006 team roster  He appeared in eight matches for the club in the 2006 season On 9 January 2007, he returned to England, joining Torquay United, making his debut as a half-time substitute for Chris McPhee in the 5–0 defeat away to Mansfield Town on 30 January 2007  However, this was to be his only appearance for Torquay, as along with Nathan Simpson, he left on 6 February 2007, having learnt that his initial one-month contract was not going to be renewed In October 2007, Baxter joined Dorchester Town on trial, scoring in a reserve game against Torquay United's reserve team 
Passage 5:
Charles Baxter (author)
Charles Morley Baxter  (born May 13, 1947) is an American novelist, essayist, and poet 

Biography
Baxter was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, to John and Mary Barber (Eaton) Baxter  He graduated from Macalester College in Saint Paul in 1969  In 1974 he received his PhD in English from the University at Buffalo with a thesis on Djuna Barnes, Malcolm Lowry, and Nathanael West Baxter taught high school in Pinconning, Michigan for a year before beginning his university teaching career at Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan  He then moved to the University of Michigan, where for many years he directed the Creative Writing MFA program  He was a visiting professor of creative writing at the University of Iowa and at Stanford  He taught at the University of Minnesota and in the Warren Wilson College MFA Program for Writers  He retired in 2020  
He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1985  He received the PEN/Malamud Award in 2021 for Excellence in the Short Story He married teacher Martha Ann Hauser in 1976, and has a son, Daniel  Baxter and Hauser eventually separated 

Works
Novels
First Light (1987)  An eminent astrophysicist and her brother, a small-town Buick salesman, discover how they grew so far apart and the bonds of love that still keep them together 
Shadow Play (1993)  As his wife does gymnastics and magic tricks, his crazy mother invents her own vocabulary, and his aunt writes her own version of the Bible, Five Oaks Assistant City Manager Wyatt Palmer tries to live a normal life and nearly succeeds, but   
The Feast of Love (2000) (Pantheon Books), a reimagined Midsummer Night's Dream, a story told through the eyes of several different people  Nominated for the National Book Award   A film version of the book, starring Morgan Freeman, Fred Ward and Greg Kinnear and directed by Robert Benton, was released in 2007 
Saul and Patsy (2003)  A teacher's marriage and identity are threatened by a dangerously obsessed teenage boy at his school 
The Soul Thief (2008)  A graduate student's complicated relationships lead to a disturbing case of identity theft, which ultimately leads the man to wonder if he really is who he thinks he is 
The Sun Collective (2020, Pantheon Books)  The lives of two very different couples—one retired, one in their twenties—intersect in Minneapolis around an anti-capitalist collective arguing for revolution, as an underground group of extremists wage war on the homeless 

Short story collections
Harmony of the World (1984)  Winner of the Associated Writing Programs Award 
Through the Safety Net (1985)
A Relative Stranger (1990)
Believers (1997)
Gryphon: New and Selected Stories (2011)
There's Something I Want You to Do: Stories (February 2015)

Non-fiction
Burning Down the House: Essays on Fiction (1997)
The Art of Subtext: Beyond Plot (2007)   Winner of the 2008 Minnesota Book Award for General Non-fiction 
Wonderlands: Essays on the Life of Literature (2022)

Poetry collections
Chameleon (1970)
The South Dakota Guidebook (1974)
Imaginary Paintings (1989)

Edited works
The Business of  Memory (1999)
Best New American Voices 2001 (2001)
Bringing the Devil to His Knees: The Craft of Fiction and the Writing Life (2001)
A William Maxwell Portrait: Memories and Appreciations (2004)
Passage 6:
Mike Baxter (athlete)
Michael Ian Baxter (born 1945), is a male retired international athlete and current coach 

Athletics career
Baxter finished fourth in the 1968 AAA Championships and finished runner-up in the 1969 Northern cross-country  He trained with Brendan Foster and was selected for Great Britain's team for the 1969 European Athletics Championships in Athens, and the 1971 European Athletics Championships in Helsinki 
He represented England in the 5,000 metres, at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, Scotland His best year came in 1971 when he became AAA National 5000m champion and competed in the 1971 European Athletics Championships  He was a member of the Leeds City Club 

Coaching
Since retiring from competitive racing he has coached athletes 
Passage 7:
Esther Baxter
Esther Baxter (born September 24, 1984) is an American model and actress 

Biography
Baxter rose to prominence after being featured in the music video for Petey Pablo's single "Freek-a-Leek" in 2004  Since then, she has appeared in several music videos, including Ludacris's "Number One Spot", Will Smith's "Switch", Nelly's "Shake Ya Tailfeather" and Kanye West's "The New Workout Plan"  In addition to video success, she has also been in a number of magazines, such as Smooth, VIBE, King, and XXL She has been dubbed "Miss Freek-a-Leek" due to her appearance in Petey Pablo's video As of August 2007, Baxter has retired from modeling and video shoots in order to attend college She was featured on the cover of King's September/October 2011 issue  In an interview, she spoke about her transition from modeling to acting She is of African-American, Norwegian, Puerto Rican, Cuban and Indian descent 

Personal life
She took a two-year hiatus to stay at home and raise her son, Cayden, from a previous relationship 

See also
Hip hop models
Passage 8:
Werner Abrolat
Werner Abrolat (15 August 1924 – 24 August 1997) was a German actor best known for his role as various characters in the West German crime-drama television series Tatort 
After a long career at provincial theatres in West-Germany Abrolat appeared in a number of Spaghetti Westerns in the mid-1960s, such as a member of Indio's gang in the 1965 Sergio Leone film For a Few Dollars More 
In the early 1970s he made a number of films as a voice actor providing the voice for the character of Tjure in Vicky the Viking  He played Polizeipräsident in 00 Schneider – Jagd auf Nihil Baxter (1994)  From the mid-1970s he mostly appeared in German films and German television until his death in 1997 

Filmography
Passage 9:
00 Schneider – Jagd auf Nihil Baxter
00 Schneider – Jagd auf Nihil Baxter (The Search for Nihil Baxter)  is a German comedy-film directed by Helge Schneider  It was released on 22 December 1994 
He wrote the script as well as the music, did film direction, and played the main character and several additional roles 

Plot
The funny clown Bratislav Metulskie is found dead in circus "Apollo"  The retired commissioner 00 Schneider is asked to assume control of the case  Schneider and his aged sidekick Körschgen investigate to find the murderer, Nihil Baxter, a passionate art collector who is a little nuts and does not cultivate social contacts at all  Commissioner Schneider investigates at the circus and pays Baxter a visit  Baxter makes up an alibi and claims that he was working on a painting when the murder took place  The Sidekick Körschgen finds out that the picture is an imitation  When Baxter tries to escape to Rio by plane after he stole a sculpture from the practice of Dr  Hasenbein, 00 Schneider and his sidekick are also on board  As they are incognito, they are able to arrest the criminal with the help of the world-famous "sniffer dog nose" pilot 

Main cast
Helge Schneider - 00 Schneider/Nihil Baxter/Professor Hasenbein/Johnny Flash
Helmut Körschgen - Körschgen
Andreas Kunze - Friend of 00 Schneider
Werner Abrolat - Chief of Police
Bratislav Metulskie - Metulskie
Guenther Kordas - Ringmaster
Passage 10:
Dillon Baxter
Dillon Baxter (born October 23, 1991) is a former American football running back and wide receiver 

Early years
Baxter prepped at Mission Bay Senior High School in San Diego, California, where he played quarterback, running back, and wide receiver as a senior  Mission Bay went 13–0 and won the CIF San Diego Division IV title in 2009  Baxter won the prestigious Silver Pigskin Trophy, awarded annually to San Diego County's most outstanding football player, chosen by KUSI television's Prep Pigskin Report  In addition, Baxter was a consensus High School All-American and also won the Hall Trophy  He chose to attend USC on an athletic scholarship 

College career
Baxter joined the University of Southern California in 2010  In November, he was ruled temporarily ineligible for accepting benefits from an NFLPA-certified agent, but was later reinstated 
On October 25, 2011, ESPN reported that Baxter had been taken off the USC football team, but was still enrolled at the university  Baxter then transferred to San Diego State University and was scheduled to miss the 2012 season due to NCAA transfer restrictions  On February 29, 2012, however, he has been dismissed from the SDSU football program for "various reasons" 
See 2012 Heart of America Athletic Conference football seasonIn May 2012, Baxter enrolled at Baker University, a small NAIA school in Baldwin City, Kansas 
In 2013, he rushed for 1025 yards on 205 carries 
A March 10, 2014 article in The San Diego Union-Tribune indicated that Baxter had matured and was preparing for the NFL 

Professional career
In 2014 Baxter was signed to the Seattle Seahawks' practice squad by Pete Carroll, the coach who formerly recruited him at USC, but he did not make the cut  Baxter also tried out for the Los Angeles Chargers 
On January 24, 2017, Baxter was released by the Arizona Rattlers of the Indoor Football League (IFL)  He was re-signed just two days later  He was released again on February 9, 2017 



ground_truth: no

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Who is the paternal grandmother of King Kang Of Zhou?

The following are given passages.
Context 2:  Edward Shaughnessy called Lord Shao half-brother to the Duke of Zhou in a 1989 paper  Maria Khayutina, writing in 2015, reads the Gu Ming (顧命) chapter of the Shangshu as ordering the lineages who visit the ailing King Cheng of Zhou by their seniority rank within the Ji ancestral temple  With Shao in the first position, prior to the lineages founded by the sons of King Wen she reasons this lineage was founded earlier 

Early career
For his role in the Zhou conquest of Shang, King Wu created Lord Shao the regional lord of Yan, but he never went to his lands, sending a son to mind them in his stead  Lord Shao was also appointed as the Grand Protector (太保), one of the Three Ducal Ministers, the highest ministerial positions in the capital  The Duke of Zhou was another 
Two years after the conquest, before Zhou power had been completely consolidated, King Wu was dead  His son was considered too young to be fit to rule, and the Duke of Zhou unilaterally took power  The preceding Shang dynasty had handled succession by distributed agnatic seniority, a pattern which followed would have put the Duke of Zhou next in line for the throne  An illegally excavated manuscript version of a chapter of Shangshu, part of the Tsinghua bamboo slips, allows for the reading that the Duke of Zhou had performed a sacrifice to the ancestral spirits to divine whether he was their chosen successor to the ailing King Wu  The traditional reading interprets this passage to indicate the Duke of Zhou offering his life if the king's could be spared  In both readings, this ceremony is suggested by the other two Ducal Ministers Traditionally, the Duke of Zhou is considered to have assumed regency rather than kingship  In any case, the son of the vanquished Shang king and affiliated groups, possibly aided by Zhou royal brothers, took the opportunity to rebel in an action called the Rebellion of the Three Guards  Lord Shao allied with the Duke of Zhou, and after three years the rebellion was suppressed 

Sharing power
With the violence quelled, King Wu's son, now three years less young, along with the victorious Lord Shao and Duke of Zhou, entered into a triple alliance, sharing power delicately between them  Lord Shao was given power over the lands to the west of the twin capitals Feng and Hao, on the Wei river in present day Xi'an, Shaanxi  This included his lineage's power base near the predynastic Zhou capital of Xishan; the Duke of Zhou was given control over the lands to the east   It was during this timeframe Lord Shao went to survey the site of the new capital city Luoyi (present day Luoyang, Henan), which would control both the strategic ford which had facilitated the Zhou conquest in the first place, as well as the pass through the mountains to the Zhou homeland  The portents were also auspicious, and Lord Shao had rammed earth city wall constructed in a month's time Multiple episodes carried by the Shangshu relate to this period of time, and two in particular relate to each other and the power struggle at court  Jun Shi (君奭), a piece of persuasive writing from the Duke of Zhou to Lord Shao is one, and the other is Shao Gao (召誥), mostly by Lord Shao 
The language is archaic, and admits multiple readings  The traditional reading takes into account a cryptic statement that Lord Shao was unhappy at court to read Jun Shi as a plea from Lord Shao to remain in his position and help coadminister government affairs until the new king is ready  Shao Gao is then read as an exhortation to the new king to do a good job An alternative reading pits the two chapters against one another, with Lord Shao highlighting how the Mandate of Heaven flows only to the eldest son, and the Duke of Zhou calling upon a panoply of worthy ministers of yore to support his platform of how crucial capable ministers are to good government, quoting Lord Shao's own words back at him about how the two of them would work together, asserting that heaven's mandate had come jointly to the Zhou as a group, and ending with an impassioned plea where he addresses Lord Shao as his brother Although the two texts are clearly closely related, which is the response to the other is debated  And whether they are read from a traditional or revisionist viewpoint, regardless of the personal, political, or philosophical motives behind either man's words, soon thereafter the young King Cheng stepped fully into his authority, and the Duke of Zhou disappeared from the political scene for the remainder of his life 

Longevity
Lord Shao served four generations of Zhou kings: King Wen, King Wu, King Cheng, and King Kang  He features prominently in the later Shangshu chapter Gu Ming, which describes the inauguration ritual of King Kang  In it, Lord Shao can be seen to command great respect at court  He is listed first in each enumeration of participants, gives orders to other functionaries to help prepare for the proceedings, performs ritual actions rivaled only by the new king and the Master Ritualist, and reads the command of accession to the king Wang Chong's Lunheng claims that Lord Shao lived over a hundred years, and epigraphic records securely dateable to the middle years of King Kang's reign tend to support rather than refute this claim The Classic of Poetry ode "The Sweet Pears" (甘棠) is said to have been composed in his honour 
Passage 8:
King An of Zhou
King An of Zhou (Chinese: 周安王; pinyin: Zhōu Ān Wáng), personal name Ji Jiao, was the thirty-third king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty and the twenty-first of the Eastern Zhou He succeeded his father King Weilie of Zhou on the throne of China in 401 BC and reigned until his death in 376 BC  After he died, his son King Lie of Zhou ruled over China  His other son was King Xian of Zhou 

Family
Sons:

Prince Xi (王子喜; d  369 BC), ruled as King Lie of Zhou from 375–369 BC
Prince Bian (王子扁; d  321 BC), ruled as King Xian of Zhou from 368–321 BC

Ancestry
See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors
Passage 9:
Shu Yu of Tang
Shu Yu of Tang (Chinese: 唐叔虞; pinyin: Táng Shū Yú; lit  'Yu, [Royal] Uncle of Tang'), ancestral name (姓): Ji (姬) given name (名): Yu (虞),  and Ziyu (子於), was the founder of the State of Tang during the early Zhou Dynasty (1046–771 BC) of ancient China  The State of Tang would later be renamed Jin by Shu Yu's son and successor, Xie  He was the son of King Wu of Zhou and Yi Jiang and the younger brother of King Cheng of Zhou Shortly after the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, King Wu of Zhou died  His son, Prince Song, ascended the throne and became King Cheng of Zhou  Since he was very young and too inexperienced to run the newly founded dynasty, his uncle, the Duke of Zhou, served as regent and handled all political affairs until King Cheng of Zhou became old enough to rule  In the year that King Cheng of Zhou ascended the throne, the people of a land called Tang (唐) rebelled, so the Duke of Zhou conquered them 
According to the Records of the Grand Historian, one day, King Cheng of Zhou was playing with his younger brother, Prince Yu  King Cheng of Zhou suddenly picked up a parasol tree leaf and gave it to Prince Yu  Then he said playfully," Let this be a proof that I will make you a feudal lord " Prince Yu happily got the leaf and he then told this to the Duke of Zhou  The Duke of Zhou thought that whatever the young King Cheng of Zhou said should not be taken lightly since he was the king 
The Duke of Zhou approached the young king and asked him if it were true  The young king said that he was just joking with his brother  Then the Duke of Zhou replied, "A sovereign must not joke about the things he says and do as what he has said " The young king thought it was reasonable and gave the recent conquered called Tang land, west of modern Yicheng County in Shanxi, to his brother, Prince Yu 
Shu Yu's son and successor, Xie, moved the capital Jiang nearer to the Jin River and renamed the state Jin 
Jinci was a shrine in Taiyuan dedicated to Shu Yu  It is a major historical and cultural site protected at the national level in People's republic of China 

See also
Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors
Passage 10:
King Kang of Chu
King Kang of Chu (Chinese: 楚康王; pinyin: Chǔ Kāng Wáng, died 545 BC) was from 559 to 545 BC the king of Chu, a major power during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China   Born Xiong Zhao (Chinese: 熊招), he succeeded his father King Gong of Chu   His reign was marked by constant wars with Jin, Chu's traditional enemy, and Wu, its new enemy   He ruled for 15 years and was succeeded by his son, Jia'ao, who would four years later be murdered by King Kang's younger brother King Ling of Chu 

Battle of Yongpu
When King Kang's father King Gong died in 560 BC, Chu's enemy Wu seized the opportunity to invade Chu   Chief military commander Zigeng (子庚) and general Yang Youji (养由基) led the Chu army to repel the invaders   After the initial fight Zigeng feigned defeat   The Wu army chased the retreating Chu army to Yongpu (庸浦, in present-day Wuwei County, Anhui Province), where they fell into an ambush and were soundly defeated   Prince Dang, the commander of the Wu army, was captured 

Battle of Zhanban
In 557 BC, just three years after the Battle of Yongpu, Chu fought the last major battle with its traditional enemy Jin at Zhanban (湛阪, in present-day Pingdingshan, Henan Province)   Chu was defeated and lost all of its territory north of Fangcheng, the Great Wall of Chu  The Battle of Zhanban marked the end of the eight-decade-long Jin-Chu rivalry, as a weakened Chu would be consumed by numerous wars with its new enemy Wu, culminating in the 506 BC Battle of Boju, when the Wu army would capture and destroy the Chu capital Ying   Meanwhile, Jin was increasingly riven by internal strife that would ultimately lead to its partition into the new states of Han, Zhao, and Wei 

Conquest of Shujiu
In 549 BC Duke Ping of Jin attacked the Chu ally Qi   To help Qi, Chu attacked the Jin ally Zheng   King Zhufan of Wu seized the opportunity and induced the Chu vassal state Shujiu (舒鸠, in present-day Shucheng County, Anhui Province) to switch its allegiance to Wu   The next year, Chu prime minister Qu Jian (屈建, also known as Zimu) and general Zijiang (子彊) led an army to punish Shujiu, again ambushing and routing the Wu army   Chu then annexed Shujiu 

Battle of Chaocheng
In 548 BC, soon after Wu's defeat at Shujiu, King Zhufan personally led an army to again invade Chu, attacking the Chu city Chaocheng (巢城)   Greatly outnumbered by the Wu army, Chu general Niu Chen (牛臣) pretended to give up Chaocheng and left the city gate wide open   When the unsuspecting Zhufan entered the city, Niu Chen shot and killed him with an arrow   The Wu army fell into chaos and was again defeated   Zhufan's brother Yuji succeeded him as king of Wu 

Succession
King Kang was the eldest of King Gong's five sons, four of whom would ascend the throne   When King Kang died in 545 BC after 15 years of reign he was succeeded by his son Xiong Yuan (posthumous title Jia'ao) and King Kang's younger brother Prince Wei served as the prime minister   Four years later, Prince Wei murdered Jia'ao and his two sons when he was ill, and usurped the throne   Prince Wei was later given the pejorative posthumous title King Ling of Chu In 529 BC when King Ling was on an expedition against the State of Xu, his three younger brothers staged a coup d'etat and killed his son Crown Prince Lu   Xiong Bi, the third brother, ascended the throne (posthumous title Zi'ao), and the fourth brother Prince Zixi became the prime minister   When news of the coup reached King Ling's troops they abandoned him en masse, and in desperation King Ling killed himself However, Xiong Qiji, the fifth brother, concealed the truth about King Ling's death from Zi'ao and Zixi   Instead, he pretended to be defeated by King Ling and said the king would soon return to the capital   Zi'ao and Zixi were so fearful that they both committed suicide; Zi'ao had been king for less than twenty days   Prince Qiji then ascended the throne and would come to be known as King Ping of Chu 

Family tree



ground_truth: Yi Jiang

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Where was the director of film 00 Schneider – Jagd Auf Nihil Baxter born?

The following are given passages.
Context 4:  In an attempt to gain the upper hand, the Guise arranged for a petition to court, from many leading nobles, arguing for the right to open a case against Coligny  Nemours was among the signatories, however the court proved uninterested, and formally suspended any investigation into the murder in early 1564 

Governor
As governor of the Lyonnais, Nemours was keen to patronise 'men of letters' and other centres of learning within his governate  As the crown increasingly loomed on the cusp of bankruptcy, the distribution of funds to its regional governors became more erratic and rare  By 1565 Nemours had accumulated 140,000 livres of debts for unpaid pensions and salaries during his tenure as governor  It was hoped by governors that these debts would be satisfied by the court when it had greater funds 

Second war of religion
Frustrated at their declining influence in court, and the increasingly restrictive direction royal policy was moving in regarding Protestantism, the leading Protestants again plotted a coup  Their aim was to seize the king while he was staying at Meaux, and to kill Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine  Their attempt was a failure and the king was able to retreat with the court to Paris after some debate  While Hôpital, the chancellor, had argued in favour of relying on the fortifications at Meaux, Nemours and Guise advocated a flight to Paris and convinced the court successfully  As they fled, they were pursued by the Protestant forces, who adapted their plan to a siege of Paris  To this end they began trying to invest the city, while Anne de Montmorency assembled an army inside for a breakout  While Montmorency was busy building an army, Nemours was among those commanders trying to relieve pressure on the city  On 7 November he successfully captured a river crossing that was vital to a successful siege of Paris  Several days later Montmorency was ready and broke out of the city, besting the Protestant army at Saint-Denis on 10 November 
During the battle of Saint-Denis, Montmorency would be killed, leaving the office of Constable of France and role as chief of the crown's military vacant  The crown had little desire to see another powerful noble family control this critical post; as such, to replace him, the king's brother Anjou was selected to lead the crown's war effort  While closer to the family, Anjou was still a child, and as such to provide him military guidance, and to actually lead the army in the field, a selection of loyal nobles were chosen  Artus de Cossé-Brissac the recently promoted Marshal, the king's cousin Louis, Duke of Montpensier and Nemours were chosen for this important role, with Cossé in overall charge 

Third war of religion
At the outset of the third war of religion, the Protestants had consolidated their movement in the south west as opposed to fighting in the north as they had previously  Nevertheless the crown was conscious that Louis of Nassau was seeking to enter France with an army from the Spanish Netherlands; to this end Charles instructed Nemours to assemble an army for the defence of Paris, however Nassau was bested at the border  In early 1569, it became clear that the duke of Zweibrücken was intending to cross into France in support of the Protestant nobility that was gathered in the west  To this end the court, little desiring to see a conjunction between the two forces, assembled a second army  Aumale was tasked with leading the blocking force in Champagne, with forces from the Rhône valley under Nemours to support him in this effort  The two commanders did not get along, and their constant conflict enabled Zweibrücken to slip past them through the Franche-Comté and establish contact with the Protestants under Gaspard II de Coligny  The mutinous remains of their combined army linked with the main royal force under the king's brother Anjou at Limoges 

Withdrawal
By 1571, Nemours wished to resign his governorship of the Lyonnais  He chose to do so in favour of his lieutenant-general in the region, and former page François de Mandelot  This arrangement had been very unusual in the early 16th century, with the choice of governors defaulting to the crown on the resignation or death of a sitting governor; however by the 1560s it was becoming increasingly common  Mandelot would govern the Lyonnais until his death in 1588 

Reign of Henri III
Malcontents
By 1575 Protestants were no longer the only ones in rebellion, as the Malcontent movement swept up many politiques who wished for religious compromise to secure stability in the kingdom  Nevers warned the king's younger brother Alençon, not to take the opportunity presented, saying that those who rebelled against the authority of the king did not triumph  Yet Alençon saw this movement as conducive to his own power, and aligned himself with the Malcontents, releasing a manifesto in which he denounced the influence of 'foreigners' and calling for their exclusion from the estates general  By this term he referred to the Guise, who were from Lorraine, and the duke of Nevers and Nemours, both of whom were of Italian descent  While Alençon would succeed in securing favourable terms for himself in the Peace of Monsieur, Nemours and Nevers would remain active in court life 

Ligue
In response to the generous Peace of Monsieur which brought the fifth war of religion to a close, militant Catholics reacted with fury  Many across France began forming religious leagues, the most popular model of which was that created by Jacques d'Humières in Peronne which began to spread across France  Henri suspected the involvement of Henri, Duke of Guise, Charles, Duke of Mayenne and Nemours as ringleaders of this ligue and made them all swear oaths to abide by the terms of the peace of Monsieur  Frustrated at his continued inability to contain the movement, he declared himself to be at its head, and was compelled by the Estates General of 1576 to void the peace and make war on the Protestants again Having primarily devoted his final years to letters and art, he died at Annecy in 1585 

Ancestry
Passage 5:
Jean d'Armagnac, Duke of Nemours
Jean d'Armagnac, Duke of Nemours (1467–1500) was the son of Jacques d'Armagnac, Duke of Nemours and Louise of Anjou  His father's possessions were confiscated on his execution in 1477, but Jean was restored to Nemours and the family's other lands in 1484  He led a dissipated life, and his siblings sued him to prevent him from alienating the family lands to pay his debts  In 1489, he traded the viscounties of Carlat and Murat to Peter II, Duke of Bourbon for the county of l'Isle-Jourdain 
He married Yolande de La Haye (d  1517) in 1492, but had no children  He was succeeded by his brother Louis, Count of Guise 
Passage 6:
Maria of Brabant, Duchess of Bavaria
Maria of Brabant (1226–1256) was a daughter of Henry II, Duke of Brabant, and Maria of Swabia  She married Louis II, Duke of Bavaria, being the first of three wives 

Background
Maria was the daughter of Duke Henry II of Brabant and Lorraine from his first marriage to Maria of Swabia, daughter of King Philip of Swabia  The younger Maria's siblings included Henry III, Duke of Brabant and Matilda of Brabant  After her mother's death her father married Sophie of Thuringia; from this marriage she gained two half-siblings, including Henry I of Hesse 

Betrothals and marriage
On 2 August 1254, Maria married Louis II, Duke of Bavaria  The couple were married for only two years, during which time they had no children 

Execution
Maria was executed by beheading in Donauwörth in 1256 after having been accused of adultery by her husband  It was later determined that Louis had not proven his case, and in fact had not presented any valid evidence of adultery; as penance, he founded the Cistercian friary Fürstenfeld Abbey (Fürstenfeldbruck) near Munich 
Different sources give varying accounts  According to the chronicle of Esiah Wilpacher, Louis was at war with the Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg  Maria's confessor, allegedly in league with the bishop, persuaded her to write her husband requesting he end the siege and return home  When this failed, she then wrote to one of his vassals, who being away from camp, Louis received the letter  Recognizing the handwriting, he read it and construed it as indicating she was having an affair Over time a great many tales of folklore sprang up around Louis' deed, most of them written long after his death: Ballad-mongers embellished the tale into a murderous frenzy during which Louis allegedly not only killed his wife after having ridden home for five days and nights, but also stabbed the messenger who brought him the wrong letter; then upon entering his castle, stabbed his own castellan and a court lady and threw his wife's maid from the battlements, before he massacred his wife either by stabbing her or cutting off her head  More restrained chronicles support the account of Marie's execution on 18 January 1256 at Mangoldstein Castle in Donauwörth by ducal decree for alleged adultery, but nothing beyond that 
Maria is said to be the basis for the legendary Genevieve of Brabant in Dutch folklore 
Passage 7:
Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti
Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti (11 October 1629 – 26 February 1666), was a French nobleman, the younger son of Henri II, Prince of Condé and Charlotte Marguerite de Montmorency, daughter of Henri I, Duke of Montmorency  He was the brother of le Grand Condé and Anne Geneviève, Duchess of Longueville  As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon, he was a Prince du Sang 

Early life
The title of Prince of Conti was revived in his favor at the time of his birth in 1629  With the title Armand also inherited the Château de L'Isle-Adam and its estate, which had been passed down to his mother Charlotte Marguerite after the death of her brother, Henri II de Montmorency  He was destined for a clerical career and studied theology at the university of Bourges, but although he received several benefices, including the abbeys of Cluny and Saint Denis, he did not take orders  He played a conspicuous part in the intrigues and fighting of the Fronde, became in 1648 commander-in-chief of the rebel army, and in 1650 was with his brother (Condé) and brother-in-law (Longueville) imprisoned at Vincennes 

Life in prison
Said to be "mystic" and "full of strange ideas", Conti turned slightly mad while in prison  Having a secret passion for his sister the Duchess of Longueville, he invented tricks to make her notice him  He tried alchemy and potions for some time and eventually bruised himself with a spatula  This episode was ultimately fortunate for him because he could no longer be refused external help from physicians, some of whom would pass letters and pleas to the outside world which speeded up his eventual release 

Later life
Released when Cardinal Mazarin went into exile, he wished to marry Charlotte-Marie de Lorraine (1627–1652), the second daughter of Madame de Chevreuse, the confidante of the queen, Anne of Austria (wife of King Louis XIII of France), but was prevented from doing so by his brother Condé, who was now supreme in the state  He was concerned in the Fronde of 1651, but soon afterwards became reconciled with Cardinal Mazarin, and in 1654, married the cardinal's niece, Anne Marie Martinozzi, as well as secured the government of Guienne  They had two sons, Louis Armand and François Louis 
He took command of the army, which in 1654, invaded Spain through Catalonia, where he captured three towns from the Spanish  He afterwards led the French forces in Italy, but after his defeat before Alessandria in 1657, he retired to Languedoc, where he devoted himself to study and mysticism until his death At Clermont, Conti had been a fellow student of Molière's, from whom he secured an introduction to the court of King Louis XIV, but afterwards, when writing a treatise against the stage entitled, Traité de la comédie et des spectacles selon les traditions de l'Église (Paris, 1667), he charged the dramatist with keeping a school of atheism  Conti also wrote Lettres sur la grâce, and Du devoir des grands et des devoirs des gouverneurs de province Conti died on 26 February 1666 at Pézenas in Languedoc, France 

Issue
Armand married Anne Marie Martinozzi, the daughter of Girolamo Martinozzi and Laura Margherita Mazzarini, elder sister of Cardinal Mazarin  They had the following children:

Louis de Bourbon (1658), died in infancy 
Louis Armand I, Prince of Conti (1661–1685), married Marie Anne de Bourbon, the eldest legitimised daughter of King Louis XIV and his mistress, Louise de La Vallière, and died childless 
François Louis, Prince of Conti (1664–1709), known as "le Grand Conti", married Marie Thérèse de Bourbon, daughter of Henri Jules, Prince of Condé (Armand's nephew), and had issue 

Ancestry
Passage 8:
Denis Sauvage
Denis Sauvage (1520–1587) was a French translator, historian, publisher, philologist, and historiographer at the service of Henry II of Henri II 

Publications
History
Sommaire des histoires du royaume de Naples : qui traicte de toutes choses advenues en iceluy, composé premièrement en langage italien par M  Pandolfo Collenuccio, et depuis n'aguères mis en françois par Denis Sauvage, avecques annotations (1546 ; 1553)
Les Annales et croniques de France, jadis composées par feu maistre Nicole Gilles, imprimées nouvellement sur la correction du signeur Denis Sauvage, et additionnées jusques à cest an mil cinq cens cinquante trois (1553)
Les Mémoires de messire Philippe de Commines, chevalier, seigneur d'Argenton : sur les principaux faicts, & gestes de Louis onziéme & de Charles huictiéme, son filz, Roys de France, Reveus & corrigés, pour la seconde fois, par Denis Sauvage de Fontenailles en Brie, historiographe de très-chrestien roy Henry IIe de ce nom (1559 ; 1561 ; 1581)  Texte en ligne : [1] et [2]
Le premier volume de l'Histoire et cronique de Messire Iehan Froissart, reveu et corrigé sus divers exemplaires et suyvant les bons auteurs, par Denis Sauvage, le second volume de l'Histoire et cronique de Messire Iehan Froissart ; le tiers volume de l'Histoire et cronique de Messire Iehan Froissart ; le quart volume de l'Histoire et cronique de Messire Iehan Froissart (1559–60)  Texte en ligne : [3]
Cronique de Flandres, anciennement composée par auteur incertain et nouvellement mise en lumière (1562) 
Les Mémoires de messire Olivier de La Marche, premier maistre d'hostel de l'archeduc Philippe d'Austriche, comte de Flandres (1562)
Les Croniques et annales de France composées par feu maistre Nicole Gilles, nouvellement imprimées sur la correction de maistre Denis Sauvage, et additionnées jusques au roy Charles neufiesme à présent régnant (1571)

Translations
La Circé de M  Giovan Baptista Gello, nouvellement mise en françois (1550)
Philosophie d'amour de M  Léon Hébreu, traduite d'italien en françois (1577 ; 1580 ; 1590 ; 1893)  Read online : [4]
Histoire de Paolo Giovio, sur les choses faictes et avenues de son temps en toutes les parties du monde, traduictes du latin en françois (2 volumes, 1581)
Opuscule des vertus et notables faictes des femmes, de Plutarque, 1546 
Passage 9:
Louis d'Armagnac, Duke of Nemours
Louis d'Armagnac, Duke of Nemours (1472; Normandy, France – 28 April 1503; Cerignola, Italy), was a French nobleman, politician and military commander who served as Viceroy of Naples during the Third Italian War (1502-1504)  He was known for most of his life as the Count of Guise, and inherited the Duchy of Nemours following his brother Jean's death in 1500 

Family
Louis was the third son of Jacques d'Armagnac, Duke of Nemours and Louise of Anjou  In 1491, he was made Count of Guise, a title last held by his uncle Charles IV, Duke of Anjou  Upon the death of his elder brother Jean in 1500, he became Duke of Nemours 

Viceroy of Naples
Louis was made  viceroy of Naples in 1501, during the Third Italian War (1502-1504)  He was killed at the battle of Cerignola on 28 April 1503 

Notes
Sources
Cuttler, S  H  (2003)  The Law of Treason and Treason Trials in Later Medieval France  Cambridge University Press 
Potter, David (2008)  Renaissance France at war: Armies, Culture and Society, c 1480-1560  Boydell Press 
Passage 10:
Philip, Duke of Nemours
Philip of Savoy, Duke of Nemours (1490 – 25 November 1533) was a French nobleman   He was a son of Philip II, Duke of Savoy, and his second wife Claudine de Brosse  He was a half-brother of Louise of Savoy, the mother of Francis I of France  He was the founder of the Nemours branch of the house of Savoy which eventually settled in France 
Originally destined for the priesthood, he was given the bishopric of Geneva at the age of five, but resigned it in 1510, when he was made count of Genevois  He served under Louis XII, with whom he was present at the battle of Agnadello (1509), under the emperor Charles V in 1520, and finally under his nephew, Francis I 
In 1528 Francis gave him the duchy of Nemours and married him to Charlotte of Orleans, a daughter of  Louis d'Orléans, Duke of Longueville  They had two children:

Joanna (1532–1568), who married Nicolas, Duke of Mercœur as his second wife, and had 6 children with him, and
Jacques, Duke of Nemours



ground_truth: Mülheim an der Ruhr