prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Which film has the director who is older than the other, Blue Blood And Red or The Longshot? 

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Blue Blood and Red
Blue Blood and Red is a 1916 American silent western comedy film directed by Raoul Walsh and starring George Walsh, Martin Kinney, and Doris Pawn 

Premise
After being kicked out of Harvard and thrown out by his millionaire father, a young wastrel heads west in the company of his butler 

Cast
George Walsh as Algernon DuPont
Martin Kinney as Peterkin
Doris Pawn
James A  Marcus
Jack Woods
Augustus Carney
Vester Pegg
Passage 2:
Dan Milne
Dan Milne is a British actor/director who is possibly best known for his role in EastEnders 

Career
He started his career in 1996 and made an appearance in Murder Most Horrid and as a pub poet in In a Land of Plenty  He then appeared in EastEnders as David Collins, Jane Beale's dying husband 
As a member of the Young Vic, he collaborated with Tim Supple to originate  Grimm Tales, which toured internationally, culminating in a Broadway run at the New Victory Theater  Since that time he has collaborated on more than seven major new works, including Two Men Talking, which has run for the past six years in various cities across the world  In 2013, he replaced Ken Barrie as the voice of the Reverend Timms in the children's show, Postman Pat 
Passage 3:
Paul Bartel
Paul Bartel (August 6, 1938 – May 13, 2000) was an American actor, writer and director  He was perhaps most known for his 1982 hit black comedy Eating Raoul, which he co-wrote, starred in and directed 
Bartel appeared in over 90 movies and TV episodes, including such titles as Eat My Dust (1976), Hollywood Boulevard (1976), Rock 'n' Roll High School (1979), Get Crazy (1983), Chopping Mall (1986), and Amazon Women on the Moon (1987)  He frequently co-starred with friend and former Warhol girl Mary Woronov; the pair appeared in 17 films together, often as husband and wife 
Bartel also directed 11 low-budget films, many of which he also acted in or wrote  He started in 1968 with the short The Secret Cinema, a paranoid delusional fantasy of self-referential cinema   He graduated to features in 1972 with the horror-comedy Private Parts   He would go on to direct such cult films as Death Race 2000 (1975), Eating Raoul (1982), Lust in the Dust (1985) and Scenes from the Class Struggle in Beverly Hills (1989) 

Biography
Bartel studied film and theatre at UCLA, and spent a year on a Fulbright scholarship at the Centro Sperimentale film school in Rome, before returning to the US  He fulfilled his military service by talking his way into the Army Signal Corps Pictorial Center in Long Island City and later made films for the United States Information Agency 

Early films
Bartel's first films were made in high school, primarily abstract and animated 16mm shorts, including titles such as Cinema Experimental (1954), Non Objective Film (1956), Margaret Whiting Sings "The Money Tree" (1956), and Camel Rock (1957)  After making the 35mm short Italian-language film Progetti (1962) while attending the Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia in Rome, Bartel produced The Secret Cinema (1966)   Shot on an extremely low budget in 35mm and with his own money, The Secret Cinema was the film that began his reputation as a new and unusual independent voice in narrative cinema 
He followed it with another short he wrote and directed, Naughty Nurse (1969)  He co-wrote the feature Utterly Without Redeeming Social Value (1969), also starring in the lead  He worked as an actor only in Hi, Mom! (1970) directed by Brian De Palma 
Bartel's first feature as director was Private Parts (1972), a comedy horror film for MGM  It was produced by Gene Corman and Bartel was in the cast 

New World Pictures
Gene Corman's brother, Roger, ran a production company, New World Pictures, and hired Bartel to be second unit director on Big Bad Mama (1974), an action film  Bartel also played a small role 
Roger Corman gave Bartel the job of directing Death Race 2000 (1975), a satirical action comedy starring David Carradine, Sylvester Stallone and Mary Woronov  Bartel also played a small role  The film was a huge success at the box office and quickly established itself as a cult favorite 
Corman promptly offered Bartel the chance to direct a similar action film with Carradine for New World, Cannonball (1976)  Bartel also worked on the script  The film is littered with cameos from people such as Joe Dante and Martin Scorsese  Bartel later said he worked for a year on Death Race 2000 for $5,000 "so when it was finished I desperately needed money  The only thing anybody wanted from me was another car picture, hence Cannonball  Corman had drummed into me the idea that if Death Race had been "harder" and "more real" it would have been more popular  Like a fool, I believed him  I am not, and never have been, very much interested in cars and racing" so he decided to load up the film with "cameos and character gimmicks that did interest me "Bartel was in much demand from other directors at New World to play small parts in their pictures: he appeared in Eat My Dust (1976) for Ron Howard, Hollywood Boulevard (1976) for Joe Dante and Alan Arkush (quite a large role, as a director, which Bartel credited for really kicking off his acting career), Mr Billions (1977) for Jonathan Kaplan (not a New World film but Bartel met Kaplan at the company), Grand Theft Auto (1977) for Howard, Piranha (1978) for Dante, and Rock 'n' Roll High School (1979) for Arkush  Outside New World he appeared in The Hustler of Muscle Beach (1980) for Kaplan and Heartbeeps (1981) for Arkush 

Eating Raoul and after
Bartel wrote a script with Richard Blackburn, Eating Raoul (1982)  Bartel managed to raise the finance and starred in the film along with Woronov  Made for $230,000 (raised by  himself and his parents) it was a hit on the art house circuit, grossing $10 million, and became a cult movie 
Bartel had small roles in White Dog (1982), directed by Sam Fuller and produced by New World alumni Jon Davison, Trick or Treats (1982), Heart Like a Wheel (1983) for Kaplan, and Get Crazy (1983) for Arkush 
The success of Eating Raoul enabled Bartel to raise $3 million in finance (ten times the budget of Raoul) for a screwball comedy he had co written and wanted to direct, Not for Publication (1984)  It was a box-office disaster  More successful was Lust in the Dust (1985) starring Tab Hunter and Divine 
Bartel continued to be in demand as an actor, appearing in Frankenweenie (1984), a short for Tim Burton, Into the Night (1985) for John Landis, European Vacation (1985) for Amy Heckerling, and Sesame Street Presents: Follow That Bird (1985) 
Bartel directed The Longshot (1986) based on a script by Tim Conway who starred  Bartel said he was a "director for hire" on the project  "My sensibility was on some level antipathetic to what Tim Conway wanted  I was trying to find interesting things under the surface, and he just wanted more surface "He appeared in an episode of Fame directed by Arkush, and reprised his Raoul character in Chopping Mall (1986) for Jim Wynorski produced by Julie Corman (Wynorski says Bartel and Woronov adlibbed their roles)  He appeared in "The Jar", an episode of Alfred Hitchcock Presents directed by Burton, as well as the film Killer Party (1986) 
He directed two episodes of Amazing Stories, both from his own scripts, both featuring him as an actor: "Secret Cinema" (a remake of his short film of the same name) and "Gershwin's Trunk" 
He had roles in Munchies (1987) (produced by Roger Corman), Amazon Women on the Moon (1987) (in a segment directed by Dante), an episode of Crime Story, Baja Oklahoma (1988), and Shakedown (1988) 
Bartel co wrote but did not direct Mortuary Academy (1988); he and Woronov also played small roles  He was an executive producer on Out of the Dark (1988), in which he had a small role  He had a role in Caddyshack II (1988) directed by Arkush Bartel directed Scenes from the Class Struggle in Beverly Hills (1989), based on a story of his He wrote a sequel to Eating Raoul called Bland Ambition, where Paul and Mary wind up running for Governor of California  It was about 10 days from the start of filming when Vestron withdrew its financial backing Bartel appeared in Pucker Up and Bark Like a Dog (1989), Far Out Man (1990), Gremlins 2: The New Batch (1990) (for Dante), Dan Turner, Hollywood Detective (1990), an episode L A  Law directed by Arkush, Liquid Dreams (1991), and Desire and Hell at Sunset Motel (1991) 
Bartel had a large supporting role in The Pope Must Diet (1991), directed by Peter Richardson of The Comic Strip, and was in The Living End (1992) from Gregg Araki, Soulmates (1992), and Posse (1993) 
A musical adaptation of Eating Raoul premiered off Broadway in 1992 Bartel appeared in some episodes of The Comic Strip Presents   , even directing one ("Demonella")  He was in Acting on Impulse, Tales of the City and Grief (1993) 
Bartel's last feature as director was Shelf Life (1993)  Based on a play and done for a low budget, it struggled to find distribution 

Final years
Bartel appeared in Twin Sitters (1993), The Usual Suspects (1995), and The Jerky Boys (1995)  He had a rare star role in The Wacky Adventures of Dr  Boris and Nurse Shirley (1995) but was normally seen in minor parts: Naomi & Wynonna: Love Can Build a Bridge (1995), Not Like Us (1995) for Corman's new company Concorde Pictures, A Bucket of Blood (1995) also for Concorde, Number One Fan (1995), Red Ribbon Blues (1996), Joe's Apartment (1996), Escape from L A  (1996), and Basquiat (1996) 
He directed 2 episodes of Clueless, "We Shall Overpack" and "Cher Inc"  He also appeared in both 
He was in Prey of the Jaguar (1996), The Elevator (1996), Lewis & Clark & George (1997), Boston Common, Skeletons (1997), The Inheritance (1997), Chicago Hope, The Devil's Child (1997), Billy's Hollywood Screen Kiss (1998), More Tales of the City, Race, Vengeance Unlimited, Dreamers, Hard Time: The Premonition, episodes of Ally McBeal and Snoops directed by Arkush, Good vs Evil, Zoo (1999), Hamlet (2000), Dinner and a Movie (2001) and Perfect Fit (2001) 

Personal life
Bartel was openly gay; this influenced his career choice, as he found himself more accepted and afforded more opportunities within the independent film industry than he would have in Hollywood In 1979, he was a member of the jury at the 29th Berlin International Film Festival 

Death
Bartel died May 13, 2000, of a heart attack two weeks after liver cancer surgery; he was 61 years old  His final screen appearance was a posthumous role as "Dad" alongside Mary Woronov ("Mom") in the 2001 independent film Perfect Fit 

Legacy
The Belgian horror movie Calvaire paid a tribute to the late Bartel – the mad innkeeper character is named "Paul Bartel" 
Two of Bartel's early directorial efforts, Progetti and The Secret Cinema, were restored by the Academy Film Archive 

Filmography
Passage 4:
Scotty Fox
Scott Fox is a pornographic film director who is a member of the AVN Hall of Fame 

Awards
1992 AVN Award – Best Director, Video (The Cockateer)
1995 AVN Hall of Fame inductee
Passage 5:
Raoul Walsh
Raoul Walsh (born Albert Edward Walsh; March 11, 1887 – December 31, 1980) was an American film director, actor, founding member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), and the brother of silent screen actor George Walsh  He was known for portraying John Wilkes Booth in the silent film The Birth of a Nation (1915) and for directing such films as the widescreen epic The Big Trail (1930) starring John Wayne in his first leading role, The Roaring Twenties starring James Cagney and Humphrey Bogart, High Sierra (1941) starring Ida Lupino and Humphrey Bogart, and White Heat (1949) starring James Cagney and Edmond O'Brien  He directed his last film in 1964  His work has been noted as influences on directors such as Rainer Werner Fassbinder, Jack Hill, and Martin Scorsese 

Biography
Walsh was born in New York as Albert Edward Walsh to Elizabeth T  Bruff, the daughter of Irish Catholic immigrants, and Thomas W  Walsh, an Englishman  Walsh was part of Omega Gamma Delta in high school, as was his younger brother  Growing up in New York, Walsh was also a friend of the Barrymore family  John Barrymore recalled spending time reading in the Walsh family library as a youth  Later in life, Walsh lived in Palm Springs, California  He was buried at Assumption Cemetery Simi Valley, Ventura County, California 

Film career
Walsh was educated at Seton Hall College  He began acting in 1909, first as a stage actor in New York City and later as a film actor  In  1913 he changed his name to Raoul Walsh  In 1914 he became an assistant to D  W  Griffith and made his first full-length feature film, The Life of General Villa, shot on location in Mexico with Pancho Villa playing the lead, and with actual ongoing battles filmed in progress as well as battle recreations   Walsh played John Wilkes Booth in Griffith's epic The Birth of a Nation (1915) and also served as an assistant director  This movie was followed by the critically acclaimed Regeneration in 1915, the earliest feature gangster film, shot on location in Manhattan's Bowery district 
Walsh served as an officer in the United States Army during World War I  He later directed The Thief of Bagdad (1924), starring Douglas Fairbanks and Anna May Wong, and Laurence Stallings' What Price Glory? (1926), starring Victor McLaglen and Dolores del Río 

In Sadie Thompson (1928), starring Gloria Swanson as a prostitute seeking a new life in Samoa, Walsh starred as Swanson's boyfriend in his first acting role since 1915; he also directed the film  He was then hired to direct and star in In Old Arizona, a film about O  Henry's character the Cisco Kid  While on location for that film Walsh was in a car crash when a jackrabbit jumped through the windshield as he was driving through the desert; he lost his right eye as a result  He gave up the part and never acted again  Warner Baxter won an Oscar for the role Walsh was originally slated to play  Walsh would wear an eyepatch for the rest of his life 

In the early days of sound with Fox, Walsh directed the first widescreen spectacle, The Big Trail (1930), an epic wagon train western shot on location, across the West  The movie starred John Wayne, then unknown, whom Walsh discovered as prop man named Marion Morrison, and he was renamed after the Revolutionary War general Mad Anthony Wayne; Walsh happened to be reading a book about him at the time  Walsh directed The Bowery (1933), featuring Wallace Beery, George Raft, Fay Wray and Pert Kelton; the energetic movie recounts the story of Steve Brodie (Raft), supposedly the first man to jump off the Brooklyn Bridge and live to brag about it 
An undistinguished period followed with Paramount Pictures from 1935 to 1939, but Walsh's career rose to new heights after he moved to Warner Brothers, with The Roaring Twenties (1939), featuring James Cagney and Humphrey Bogart; Dark Command (1940), with John Wayne and Roy Rogers (at Republic Pictures); They Drive By Night (1940), with George Raft, Ann Sheridan, Ida Lupino and Bogart; High Sierra (1941), with Lupino and Bogart again; They Died with Their Boots On (1941), with Errol Flynn as Custer; The Strawberry Blonde (1941), with Cagney and Olivia de Havilland; Manpower (1941), with Edward G  Robinson, Marlene Dietrich and George Raft; and White Heat (1949), with Cagney  Walsh's contract at Warners expired in 1953 
He directed several films afterwards, including three with Clark Gable: The Tall Men (1955), The King and Four Queens (1956) and Band of Angels (1957)  Walsh retired in 1964  He died of a heart attack in 1980 

Outside interests
Raoul Walsh was a breeder and owner of Thoroughbred racehorses  For a time, his brother George Walsh trained his stable of horses  Their horse Sunset Trail competed in the 1937 Kentucky Derby won by War Admiral who went on to win the U S  Triple Crown  Sunset Trail finished sixteenth in a field of twenty runners Some of Walsh's film-related material and personal papers are contained in the Wesleyan University Cinema Archives 

Selected filmography
Miscellaneous
The Conqueror (writer, 1917)
The Big Trail (story contributor, uncredited, 1930)
Captain Horatio Hornblower R N  (producer, uncredited, 1951)
The Lawless Breed (producer, uncredited, 1953)
Esther and the King (screenplay, 1960)
The Men Who Made the Movies: Raoul Walsh (TV documentary)
Himself (1973)

Notes
Passage 6:
Logan Sandler
Logan Sandler is an American writer and director who is best known for his first feature film Live Cargo 

Early life and education
Sandler graduated from SFTV within Loyola Marymount University's Film School in 2011 with a B A  in Film Production, and three years later, while earning an M F A  from AFI in Film Directing, he developed his first feature film, Live Cargo  He developed the script with the late Seth Winston and co-writer Thymaya Payne  In 2015, Sandler was awarded the Institute's Franklin J  Schaffner Fellow Award for his short film, Tracks 

Career
Sandler's senior thesis, All It Will Ever Be premiered at the Bermuda International Film Festival in 2012  Sandler's second short film Tracks screened at various festival around the world, including AFI FEST, Marfa Film Fest, Cambridge Film Festival, and the Miami International Film Festival  The film won the Lexus Audience Award for Best Short film at the Miami International Film Festival and best actor for Keith Stanfield at the 24 FPS International Film Festival Sandler's debut feature film Live Cargo was filmed in the Bahamas, and premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival in 2016  The film stars Dree Hemingway, Keith Stanfield, and Robert Wisdom  In addition to the 2016 Tribeca Film Festival, Live Cargo had its European premiere at the Warsaw International Film Festival, then went on to screen at the American Film Festival in Poland, the São Paulo International Film Festival, the Denver Film Festival, the Key West Film Festival, the Torino Film Festival, the Bahamas International Film Festival, and AFI FEST Sandler has collaborated with Stanfield on music videos, co-directing the group MOORS’ single Gas  The music video premiered on Vice’s music channel Noisey IONCINEMA com chose Sandler as their IONCINEPHILE of the Month for April 2017, a feature that focuses on an emerging filmmaker from the world of cinema  When asked about his favorite films of his formative years Sandler said, "I fell in love with Jean Luc Godard’s Contempt and Weekend  I was blown away by Agnes Varda’s Cleo from 5 to 7  Michelangelo Antonioni’s films really struck a chord with me as well  After seeing L’Avventura and Blowup, I went online and ordered every film of his I could find  The Passenger’s penultimate shot blew me away  I watched that 7 minute shot over and over  It’s probably my favorite shot in the history of cinema "

Critical reception
Angelica Jade Bastien for Roger Ebert wrote of the film, "In 'Live Cargo,' director/co-writer Logan Sandler strives to tell a story that finds poetry in the commonplace by shirking narrative conventions "Chuck Wilson for The Village Voice wrote, "The well-acted Live Cargo, which also features Robert Wisdom and Sam Dillon, is at its best when it observes character acting silently against landscape, as when Nadine goes snorkeling and uses a spear gun to jab at sharks, a juxtaposition of natural beauty and human fury typical of Sandler’s poetic approach ” Wilson as well called Sandler "a filmmaker to watch "Katie Walsh in her IndieWire review wrote, ”Anchored by a quartet of equally strong and understated performances, LIVE CARGO proves itself to be a singularly artful film of great emotional heft ”  Walsh gave the film an A - grade Stephen Saito for The Moveable Fest in his review and interview wrote, "While there’s intrigue aplenty as anxieties rise higher than the tide, the assured hand of director Logan Sandler, who co-wrote the script with Thymaya Payne, guides 'Live Cargo' admirably as a thriller that may appear immediately as monochrome but shifts quickly into varying degrees of grey ”H  Nelson Tracey of Cinemacy wrote that Sandler's, “Live Cargo is an unforgettable debut and a promise of greater heights to come ”Justin Lowe of the Hollywood Reporter in his review stated, “A pronounced sense of style and place suffuses the entire film, boding well for Sandler’s future projects ”

Awards/Nominations
Passage 7:
Blue Blood (2014 film)
Blue Blood (Portuguese: Sangue azul) is a 2014 Brazilian drama film directed by Lírio Ferreira  It was screened in the Panorama section of the 65th Berlin International Film Festival 

Cast
Daniel de Oliveira
Caroline Abras
Sandra Coverloni
Rômulo Braga
Passage 8:
Ben Palmer
Ben Palmer (born 1976) is a British film and television director 
His television credits include the Channel 4 sketch show Bo' Selecta! (2002–2006), the second and third series of the E4 sitcom The Inbetweeners (2009–2010) and the Sky Atlantic comedy-drama Breeders (2020)  Palmer has also directed films such as the Inbetweeners spin-off, The Inbetweeners Movie (2011) and the romantic comedy Man Up (2015) 

Biography
Palmer was born and raised in Penny Bridge, Barrow-in-Furness  He attended Chetwynde School His first directing job was the Channel 4 sketch show Bo' Selecta!, which he co-developed with its main star, Leigh Francis  Palmer directed the second and third series of the E4 sitcom The Inbetweeners in 2009 and 2010, respectively 

Filmography
Bo' Selecta! (2002–06)
Comedy Lab (2004–2010)
Bo! in the USA (2006)
The Inbetweeners (2009–2010)
The Inbetweeners Movie (2011)
Comedy Showcase (2012)
Milton Jones's House of Rooms (2012)
Them from That Thing (2012)
Bad Sugar (2012)
Chickens (2013)
London Irish (2013)
Man Up (2015)
SunTrap (2015)
BBC Comedy Feeds (2016)
Nigel Farage Gets His Life Back (2016)
Back (2017)
Comedy Playhouse (2017)
Urban Myths (2017–19)
Click & Collect (2018)
Semi-Detached (2019)
Breeders (2020)
Passage 9:
Elliot Silverstein
Elliot Silverstein (born August 3, 1927) is a retired American film and television director  He directed the Academy Award-winning western comedy Cat Ballou (1965), and other films including The Happening (1967), A Man Called Horse (1970), Nightmare Honeymoon (1974), and The Car (1977)  His television work includes four episodes of The Twilight Zone (1961–1964) 

Career
Elliot Silverstein was the director of six feature films in the mid-twentieth century  The most famous of these by far is Cat Ballou, a comedy-western starring Jane Fonda and Lee Marvin 
The other Silverstein films, in chronological order, are The Happening, A Man Called Horse,  Nightmare Honeymoon, The Car, and Flashfire 
Other work included directing for the television shows The Twilight Zone, The Nurses, Picket Fences, and Tales from the Crypt 
While Silverstein was not a prolific director, his films were often decorated  Cat Ballou, for instance, earned one Oscar and was nominated for four more  His high quality work was rewarded in 1990 with a Lifetime Achievement Award by the Directors Guild of America 

Awards
In 1965, at the 15th Berlin International Film Festival, he won the Youth Film Award – Honorable Mention, in the category of Best Feature Film Suitable for Young People for Cat Ballou 
He was also nominated for the Golden Berlin Bear In 1966, he was nominated for the DGA Award in the category for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures (Cat Ballou) 
In 1971, he won the Bronze Wrangler award at the Western Heritage Awards in the category of Theatrical Motion Picture for A Man Called Horse, along with producer Sandy Howard, writer Jack DeWitt, and actors Judith Anderson, Jean Gascon, Corinna Tsopei and Richard Harris In 1985, he won the Robert B  Aldrich Achievement Award from the Directors Guild of America 
In 1990, he was awarded the DGA Honorary Life Member Award 

Personal life
Silverstein has been married three times, each ending in divorce  His first marriage was to Evelyn Ward in 1962; the couple divorced in 1968  His second marriage was to Alana King  During his first marriage, he was the step-father of David Cassidy 
He currently lives in North Hollywood, Los Angeles  Actively retired, Silverstein has taught film at USC and continues to work on screen plays and other projects 

Filmography
Tales from the Crypt (TV Series) (1991–94)
Picket Fences (TV Series) (1993)
Rich Men, Single Women (TV Movie) (1990)
Fight for Life (TV Movie) (1987)
Night of Courage (TV Movie) (1987)
Betrayed by Innocence (TV Movie) (1986)
The Firm (TV Series) (1982–1983)
The Car (1977)
Nightmare Honeymoon (1974)
A Man Called Horse (1970)
The Happening (1967)
Cat Ballou (1965)
Kraft Suspense Theatre (TV Series) (1963–64)
The Defenders (TV Series) (1962–64)
Arrest and Trial (TV Series) (1964)
The Doctors and the Nurses (TV Series) (1962–64)
Twilight Zone (TV Series) (1961–64)
Breaking Point (TV Series) (1963)
Dr  Kildare (TV Series) (1961–63)
The Dick Powell Theatre (TV Series) (1962)
Belle Sommers (TV Movie) (1962)
Naked City (TV Series) (1961–62)
Have Gun - Will Travel (TV Series) (1961)
Route 66 (TV Series) (1960–61)
Checkmate (TV Series) (1961)
The Westerner (TV Series) (1960)
Assignment: Underwater (TV Series) (1960)
Black Saddle (TV Series) (1960)
Suspicion (TV Series) (1958)
Omnibus (TV Series) (1954–56)
Passage 10:
The Longshot
The Longshot is a 1986 American comedy film directed by Paul Bartel and starring Tim Conway 

Plot
Four friends enjoy betting on horses at the race track  Someone tells them that he's got something to give his horse to make it run faster, and they can win a lot of money if they bet  Dooley tries to romance Nicki Dixon to get the money, but he finds out she's a lunatic who tries to kill him when he reminds her of her ex  Later, they borrow an envelope of money from the mob, who expect them to pay back within a week  They find out that the man who gave them the tip was a fraud, but Dooley remembered someone saying that the horse would run fast if he saw red  He ran out to the track, waved a red dress and the horse won the race 

Cast
Tim Conway as Dooley
Harvey Korman as Lou
Jack Weston as Elton
Ted Wass as Stump
Stella Stevens as Nicki Dixon
Anne Meara as Madge
George DiCenzo as DeFranco
Jorge Cervera as Santiago
Jonathan Winters as Tyler
Frank Bonner as Realtor
Eddie Deezen as Parking Attendant
Nick Dimitri as Track Cop
Garry Goodrow as Josh
Edie McClurg as Donna
Joseph Ruskin as Fusco

Theme Song
"The Longshot", the film's title track, is performed by Irene Cara 
Context 2: Passage 1:
O Valencia!
"O Valencia!" is the fifth single by the indie rock band The Decemberists, and the first released from their fourth studio album, The Crane Wife 
The music was written by The Decemberists and the lyrics by Colin Meloy  It tells a story of two star-crossed lovers  The singer falls in love with a person who belongs to an opposing gang  At the end of the song, the singer's lover jumps in to defend the singer, who is confronting his lover's brother (the singer's "sworn enemy") and is killed by the bullet intended for the singer 

Track listing
The 7" single sold in the UK was mispressed, with "Culling of the Fold" as the B-side despite the artwork and record label listing "After the Bombs" as the B-side 

Music videos
For the "O Valencia!" music video, The Decemberists filmed themselves in front of a green screen and asked fans to complete it by digitally adding in background images or footage  Stephen Colbert of The Colbert Report, having recently asked fans to do the same with a video of him with a light saber in front of a green screen, brought up The Decemberists on his segment "Look Who's Riding on My Coattails Now" and accused the band of stealing the idea  The Decemberists' response was to challenge Stephen Colbert to a guitar solo showdown on December 20, 2006, on The Colbert Report On January 19, 2007, The Decemberists premiered an alternate music video of "O Valencia!", directed by Aaron Stewart-Ahn, on MTV2  The video follows a character named Patrick, played by Meloy, as he and his love Francesca (Lisa Molinaro), daughter of "the Boss", plan an escape to an unknown location  At a cafe, a man in a suit, portrayed by the band member Chris Funk, tells him to hide in the "Valencia" hotel (the Super Value Inn on North Interstate Avenue in Portland, Oregon) while he gets them the necessary documentation to escape  Above the name of the hotel, there is a neon sign that reads "Office"  The letters have all burnt out except for the "O", creating the title of the song  The video then introduces other characters - various assassination teams - who sit in different rooms of the hotel waiting for the chance to catch the two lovers  Most are portrayed by other members of the band (along with Meloy's wife, Carson Ellis)  They kill off any potential witnesses to their plan  Patrick manages to take down one member from each team, before they gang up on him  The Boss arrives, along with the man from the cafe, who reveals that he snitched on Patrick and Francesca  They execute Francesca, while forcing Patrick to watch  After they leave, Patrick finds a note by Francesca, which reveals that she never fell in love with him, and only wanted protection  2 months later, Patrick and the man, who has lost an eye from a previous assassination attempt, have a sit-down at the same cafe  The man reveals that he snitched on Patrick just to take over the town  Patrick reveals that he poisoned a drink the man was having, but before he could get away, the man stabs Patrick in the neck with a fork before dying, followed by Patrick 
The video is somewhat influenced by the distinct style and themes of director Wes Anderson, with bold fonts being used to introduce characters and groups on the bottom of the screen (much like in the film The Royal Tenenbaums)  The band had previously (and more explicitly) drawn influence from Anderson's Rushmore in their video for "Sixteen Military Wives"  The layout of the hotel is also similar to the one used in Bottle Rocket 
Kurt Nishimura was chosen as the winner by mtvU for his video that depicted a love affair between a woman and her television, with the TV containing the green-screened Decemberists video footage 
Passage 2:
Bernie Bonvoisin
Bernard Bonvoisin (French pronunciation: ​[bɛʁnaʁ bɔ̃vwazɛ̃]), known as Bernie Bonvoisin (French pronunciation: ​[bɛʁni bɔ̃vwazɛ̃], born 9 July 1956 in Nanterre, Hauts-de-Seine), is a French hard rock singer and film director  He is best known for having been the singer of Trust 
He was one of the best friends of Bon Scott the singer of AC/DC and together they recorded the song "Ride On" which was one of the last songs by Bon Scott 

External links
Bernie Bonvoisin at IMDb
Passage 3:
Panda (Astro song)
Astro is the first album of long duration (after the EP Le disc of Astrou) of Chilean indie band Astro, released in 2011  The first single from the album was "Ciervos" and followed "Colombo", "Panda" and "Manglares" 
This album was chosen by National Public Radio among the 50 discs of 2012 

Track listing
All tracks written by Andrés Nusser, except where noted 

Ciervos (Deer)
Coco (Coconut)
Colombo
Druida de las nubes (Druid of the clouds)
Panda
Miu-Miu
Manglares (Mangroves)
Mira, está nevando en las pirámides (Look, it's snowing in the pyramids)
Volteretas (Tumbles)
Pepa
Nueces de Bangladesh (Nuts of Bangladesh)
Miu-Miu reaparece (Miu-Miu reappears)

Personnel
Astro

Andrés Nusser – vocals, guitar
Octavio Caviares – drums
Lego Moustache – keyboards, percussion
Zeta Moustache – keyboards, bassProduction

Andrés Nusser – producer, recording and mixing
Chalo González – mixing and mastering
Cristóbal Carvajal – recording
Ignacio Soto – recording
Passage 4:
Billy Milano
Billy Milano (born June 3, 1964) is an American heavy metal and hardcore punk musician  He is the singer and occasionally guitarist and bassist of crossover thrash band M O D , and was the singer of its predecessor, Stormtroopers of Death  Prior to these bands, Milano played in early New York hardcore band the Psychos, which also launched the career of future Agnostic Front vocalist Roger Miret  Milano was also the singer of United Forces, which included his Stormtroopers of Death bandmate Dan Lilker  Milano managed a number of bands, including Agnostic Front, for whom he also co-produced the 1997 Epitaph Records release Something's Gotta Give and roadie for Anthrax 

Discography
Stormtroopers of Death albums
Stormtroopers of Death videos
Method of Destruction (M O D )
Mastery
Passage 5:
George Michael
George Michael (born Georgios Kyriacos Panayiotou; 25 June 1963 – 25 December 2016) was an English singer-songwriter, record producer, and musician  He is one of the best-selling musicians of all time, with his sales estimated at between 100 million and 125 million records worldwide  A prominent figure in popular music, Michael was known as a creative force in songwriting, vocal performance, and visual presentation  He achieved 13 number one songs on the UK Singles Chart and 10 number one songs on the US Billboard Hot 100  Michael won numerous music awards, including two Grammy Awards, three Brit Awards, twelve Billboard Music Awards, and four MTV Video Music Awards  He was listed among Billboard's the "Greatest Hot 100 Artists of All Time" and Rolling Stone's the “200 Greatest Singers of All Time”  The Radio Academy named him the most played artist on British radio during the period 1984–2004  Michael has been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the UK Music hall of fame Born in East Finchley, Middlesex, Michael rose to fame as a member of the music duo Wham! and later embarked on a solo career  After he formed Wham! with Andrew Ridgeley in 1981, the band's first two albums, Fantastic (1983) and Make It Big (1984), reached number one on the UK Albums Chart and the US Billboard 200  Their hit singles included "Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go" and "Last Christmas"  Establishing themselves as a global act, Wham! toured China in April 1985; the tour was the first visit to China by a Western popular music act, and it generated worldwide media coverage Michael's first solo single "Careless Whisper" (1984) reached number one in over 20 countries, including the UK and US  Before embarking on the production of his first solo album, Michael went on to release two number one solo singles, "A Different Corner" and the Aretha Franklin duet "I Knew You Were Waiting (For Me)"  Michael's debut solo album, Faith (1987) topping the UK Albums Chart and staying at number one on the Billboard 200 for 12 weeks  Globally it sold 25 million copies, and four singles from the album—"Faith", "Father Figure", "One More Try", and "Monkey"—reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100  Michael became the best-selling music artist of 1988, and Faith was awarded Album of the Year at the 1989 Grammy Awards  His second solo album, Listen Without Prejudice Vol  1 (1990), sold approximately over eight million copies and was a UK number one  It included the Billboard Hot 100 number one "Praying for Time" and the worldwide hit "Freedom! '90"  A 1991 live duet with Elton John, "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me", was also a transatlantic number one  Michael went on to release two more multimillion-selling albums, Older (1996) and Patience (2004) 
Outside music, Michael was an active LGBT rights campaigner and HIV/AIDS charity fundraiser  His personal life, drug use, and legal troubles made headlines during the late 1990s and 2000s, as he was arrested for public lewdness in 1998 and was arrested for multiple drug-related offences after that time  Michael came out as gay in 1998  The 2005 documentary A Different Story covered his career and personal life  Michael's 25 Live tour spanned three tours from 2006 to 2008  Michael fell into a coma in 2011 during a bout with pneumonia, but later recovered  He performed his final concert at London's Earls Court in 2012  Michael died of heart disease on Christmas Day in 2016, at his home in Goring-on-Thames, Oxfordshire 

Early life
George Michael was born Georgios Kyriacos Panayiotou (Greek: Γεώργιος Κυριάκος Παναγιώτου) on 25 June 1963, in East Finchley  His father, Kyriacos "Jack" Panayiotou, was a Greek-Cypriot restaurateur who emigrated from Patriki, Cyprus, to England in the 1950s  His mother, Lesley Angold (born Harrison, died 1997), was an English dancer  In June 2008, Michael told the Los Angeles Times that his maternal grandmother was Jewish, but she married a non-Jewish man and raised her children with no knowledge of their Jewish background due to her fear during World War II  Michael spent most of his childhood in Kingsbury, London, in the home his parents bought soon after his birth; he attended Roe Green Junior School and Kingsbury High School  Michael had two sisters: Yioda (born 1958) and Melanie (1960–2019)  On the BBC's Desert Island Discs, he disclosed that his interest in music followed an injury to his head around the age of eight 

Early music
While Michael was in his early teens, the family moved to Radlett  There, Michael began attending Bushey Meads School in Bushey, where he, as "Yog", met, sat down next to, and befriended, his future Wham! partner Andrew Ridgeley  The two had the same career ambition of being musicians  Michael busked on the London Underground, performing songs such as "'39" by Queen  His involvement in the music business began with his working as a DJ, playing at the Bel Air Restaurant in Northwood, London, clubs, and local schools around Bushey, Stanmore, and Watford  This was followed by the formation of a short-lived ska band called The Executive, with Ridgeley, Ridgeley's brother Paul, Andrew Leaver, Jamie Gould, and David Mortimer (later known as David Austin) 

Wham!
Michael formed the duo Wham! with Andrew Ridgeley in 1981  On the cusp of fame, he decided to legally change his name to the more accessible George Michael  The band's first album Fantastic reached No  1 in the UK in 1983 and produced a series of top 10 singles including "Young Guns", "Wham Rap!", and "Club Tropicana"  Their second album, Make It Big, reached No  1 on the charts in the US  Singles from that album included "Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go" (No  1 in the UK and US), "Freedom", "Everything She Wants", and "Careless Whisper" which reached No  1 in nearly 25 countries, including the UK and US, and was Michael's first solo effort as a single  In December 1984, the single "Last Christmas" was released  In 1985 Michael received the first of his three Ivor Novello Awards for Songwriter of the Year from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors Michael performed on the original 1984 Band Aid recording of "Do They Know It's Christmas?"—he appears third on the song after Paul Young and Boy George sing their lines  The song became the UK Christmas number one and Michael also donated the profits from "Last Christmas" and "Everything She Wants" to charity  Michael sang "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me" with Elton John at Live Aid at Wembley Stadium in London on 13 July 1985  He also contributed background vocals to David Cassidy's 1985 hit "The Last Kiss", as well as Elton John's 1985 successes "Nikita" and "Wrap Her Up"  Michael cited Cassidy as a major career influence and interviewed Cassidy for David Litchfield's Ritz Newspaper 

Wham!'s tour of China in April 1985, the first visit to China by a Western popular music act, generated worldwide media coverage, much of it centred on Michael  The headline in the Chicago Tribune read: "East meets Wham!, and another great wall comes down"  Before Wham!'s appearance in China, many kinds of music in the country were forbidden  The band's manager, Simon Napier-Bell, had spent 18 months trying to convince Chinese officials to let the duo play  The audience included members of the Chinese government  Chinese television presenter Kan Lijun, who was the on-stage host, spoke of Wham!'s historic performance: "No-one had ever seen anything like that before  All the young people were amazed and everybody was tapping their feet  Of course the police weren't happy and they were scared there would be riots " Wham! performed their hits with scantily clad dancers and strobing disco lights  According to Napier-Bell, Michael tried to get the crowd to clap along to "Club Tropicana", but "they hadn't a clue – they thought he wanted applause and politely gave it", before adding that some Chinese did eventually "get the hang of clapping on the beat " A UK embassy official in China stated "there was some lively dancing but this was almost entirely confined to younger western members of the audience " The tour was documented by film director Lindsay Anderson and producer Martin Lewis in their film Wham! in China: Foreign Skies With the success of Michael's solo singles, "Careless Whisper" (1984) and "A Different Corner" (1986), rumours of an impending break up of Wham! intensified  The duo officially separated in 1986, after releasing a farewell single, "The Edge of Heaven" and a farewell compilation, The Final (their third album Music from the Edge of Heaven was released in North America and Japan), plus a sell-out concert at Wembley Stadium that included the world premiere of the China film  The Wham! partnership ended officially with the commercially successful single "The Edge of Heaven", which reached No  1 on the UK chart in June 1986 

Solo career
1987–1989
During early 1987, at the beginning of his solo career, Michael released "I Knew You Were Waiting (For Me)", a duet with Aretha Franklin  "I Knew You Were Waiting (For Me)" was a one-off project that helped Michael achieve an ambition by singing with one of his favourite artists  It scored number one on both the UK Singles Chart and the US Billboard Hot 100 upon its release  For Michael, it became his third consecutive solo number one in the UK from three releases, after 1984's "Careless Whisper" (though the single was actually from the Wham! album Make It Big) and 1986's "A Different Corner"  The single was also the first Michael had recorded as a solo artist which he had not written himself  The co-writer, Simon Climie, was unknown at the time; he later had success as a performer with the band Climie Fisher in 1988  Michael and Aretha Franklin won a Grammy Award in 1988 for Best R&B Performance – Duo or Group with Vocal for the song In late 1987, Michael released his debut solo album, Faith  The first single released from the album was "I Want Your Sex", in mid-1987  The song was banned by many radio stations in the UK and US, due to its sexually suggestive lyrics  MTV broadcast the video, featuring celebrity make-up artist Kathy Jeung in a basque and suspenders, only during the late night hours  Michael argued that the act was beautiful if the sex was monogamous, and he recorded a brief prologue for the video in which he said: "This song is not about casual sex " One of the racier scenes involved Michael writing the words "explore monogamy" on his partner's back in lipstick  Some radio stations played a toned-down version of the song, "I Want Your Love", with the word "love" replacing "sex" When "I Want Your Sex" reached the US charts, American Top 40 host Casey Kasem refused to say the song's title, referring to it only as "the new single by George Michael " In the US, the song was also sometimes listed as "I Want Your Sex (from Beverly Hills Cop II)", since the song was featured on the soundtrack of the movie  Despite censorship and radio play problems, "I Want Your Sex" reached No  2 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and No  3 in the UK  The second single, "Faith", was released in October 1987, a few weeks before the album  "Faith" became one of his most popular songs  The song was No  1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for four consecutive weeks, becoming the best-selling single of 1988 in the US  It also reached No  1 in Australia, and No  2 on the UK Singles Chart  The video provided some definitive images of the 1980s music industry in the process—Michael in shades, leather jacket, cowboy boots, and Levi's jeans, playing a guitar near a classic-design jukebox On 30 October, Faith was released in the UK and in several markets worldwide  Faith topped the UK Albums Chart, and in the US, the album had 51 non-consecutive weeks in the top 10 of Billboard 200, including 12 weeks at No  1  Faith had many successes, with four singles ("Faith", "Father Figure", "One More Try", and "Monkey") reaching No  1 in the US  Faith was certified Diamond by the RIAA for sales of 10 million copies in the US  To date, global sales of Faith are more than 25 million units  The album was highly acclaimed by music critics, with AllMusic journalist Steve Huey describing it as a "superbly crafted mainstream pop/rock masterpiece" and "one of the finest pop albums of the '80s"  In a review by Rolling Stone magazine, journalist Mark Coleman commended most of the songs on the album, which he said "displays Michael's intuitive understanding of pop music and his increasingly intelligent use of his power to communicate to an ever-growing audience "In 1988, Michael embarked on a world tour  In Los Angeles, Michael was joined on stage by Aretha Franklin for "I Knew You Were Waiting (For Me)"  It was the second highest grossing event of 1988, earning $17 7 million  At the 1988 Brit Awards held at the Royal Albert Hall on 8 February, Michael received the first of his two awards for Best British Male Solo Artist  Later that month, Faith won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 31st Grammy Awards  At the 1989 MTV Video Music Awards on 6 September in Los Angeles, Michael received the Video Vanguard Award  According to Michael in his film, A Different Story, success did not make him happy and he started to think there was something wrong in being an idol for millions of teenage girls  The whole Faith process (promotion, videos, tour, awards) left him exhausted, lonely and frustrated, and far from his friends and family  In 1990, he told his record company Sony that, for his second album, he did not want to do promotions like the one for Faith 

1990s
Listen Without Prejudice Vol  1 was released in September 1990  The title is an indication of his desire to be taken more seriously as a songwriter  It reached No  23 in the UK and No  27 in the US in October 1990  The album was released in Europe on 3 September 1990, and one week later in the US  It reached No  1 in the UK Albums Chart and peaked at No  2 on the US Billboard 200  It spent a total of 88 weeks on the UK Albums Chart and was certified four-times Platinum by the BPI  The album produced five UK singles, all of which were released within an eight-month period: "Praying for Time", "Waiting for That Day", "Freedom! '90", "Heal the Pain", and "Cowboys and Angels" (the latter being his only single not to chart in the UK top 40)  Michael refused to do any promotion for the album  At the 1991 Brit Awards, Listen Without Prejudice Vol  1 won the award for Best British Album The album's first single, "Praying for Time", with lyrics concerning social ills and injustice, was released in August 1990  James Hunter of Rolling Stone magazine described the song as "a distraught look at the world's astounding woundedness  Michael offers the healing passage of time as the only balm for physical and emotional hunger, poverty, hypocrisy, and hatred " The song was an instant success, reaching No  1 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and No  6 in the UK  A video was released shortly thereafter, consisting of the lyrics on a dark background  Michael did not appear in this video or any subsequent videos for the album  The second single from Listen Without Prejudice Vol  1, "Waiting for That Day", was an acoustic-heavy single, released as an immediate follow-up to "Praying for Time" 
"Freedom '90" was the second of only two singles from Listen Without Prejudice to be supported by a music video (the other being the Michael-less "Praying for Time")  The song alludes to his struggles with his artistic identity, and prophesied his efforts shortly thereafter to end his recording contract with Sony Music  As if to prove the song's sentiment, Michael refused to appear in the video (directed by David Fincher), and instead recruited supermodels Naomi Campbell, Linda Evangelista, Christy Turlington, Tatjana Patitz, and Cindy Crawford to appear in and lip sync in his stead  It also featured lyrics critical of his sex symbol status  It reached No  8 success on the Billboard Hot 100 in the US, and No  28 on the UK Singles Chart  "Mother's Pride" gained significant radio play in the US during the first Persian Gulf War during 1991, often with radio stations mixing in callers' tributes to soldiers with the music Later in 1991, Michael embarked on the Cover to Cover tour in Japan, England, the US, and Brazil, where he performed at Rock in Rio  The tour was not a proper promotion for Listen Without Prejudice Vol  1  Rather, it featured Michael singing his favourite cover songs  Among his favourites was "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me", a 1974 song by Elton John; Michael and John had performed the song together at the Live Aid concert in 1985, and again for Michael's concert at London's Wembley Arena on 25 March 1991, where the duet was recorded  "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me" was released as a single at the end of 1991 and reached No  1 in both the UK and US  In 1991, Michael released an autobiography through Penguin Books titled Bare, co-written with Tony Parsons An expected follow-up album, Listen Without Prejudice Vol  2, was scrapped due to Michael's lawsuit with Sony  Instead, Michael donated three songs to the charity project Red Hot + Dance, for the Red Hot Organization which raised money for AIDS awareness; a fourth track, "Crazyman Dance", was the B-side of 1992's "Too Funky"  Michael donated the royalties from "Too Funky" to the same cause  "Too Funky" reached No  4 on the UK Singles Chart and No  10 on the US Billboard Hot 100 

Michael performed with Queen at The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert on 20 April 1992 at Wembley Stadium  The concert was a tribute to the life of the late Queen frontman, Freddie Mercury, with the proceeds going to AIDS research  Michael performed "'39", "These Are the Days of Our Lives" with Lisa Stansfield and "Somebody to Love"  Michael's performance of "Somebody to Love" was hailed as "one of the best performances of the tribute concert"  Michael later reflected, "It was probably the proudest moment for me of my career, because it was me living out a childhood fantasy, I suppose, to sing one of Freddie's songs in front of 80,000 people "The Five Live EP featured five live recordings (six in several countries) performed by Michael, Queen, and Lisa Stansfield  "Somebody to Love" and "These Are the Days of Our Lives" were recorded at the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert  "Killer", "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone", and "Calling You" were recorded during his Cover to Cover Tour from 1991 
All proceeds from the sale of the EP benefited the Mercury Phoenix Trust  Sales of the EP were strong through Europe, where it debuted at No  1 in the UK and several European countries  Chart success in the US was less spectacular, where it reached No  40 on the Billboard 200 ("Somebody to Love" reached No  30 on the US Billboard Hot 100)  The performance would later feature on Queen's compilation album Greatest Hits III During November 1994, after a long period of seclusion, Michael appeared at the first MTV Europe Music Awards show, where he gave a performance of a new song, "Jesus to a Child"  The song was a melancholy tribute to his lover, Anselmo Feleppa, who had died in March 1993  The song entered the UK Singles Chart at No  1 and No  7 on Billboard upon release in 1996  It was Michael's longest UK Top 40 single, at almost seven minutes long  The exact identity of the song's subject—and the nature of Michael's relationship with Feleppa—was shrouded in innuendo and speculation, as Michael had not confirmed he was homosexual and did not do so until 1998  The video for "Jesus to a Child" was a picture of images recalling loss, pain and suffering  Michael consistently dedicated the song to Feleppa before performing it live Michael released "Fastlove", an energetic tune about wanting gratification and fulfilment without commitment, in 1996  The single version was nearly five minutes long  "Fastlove" was supported by a futuristic virtual reality-related video  The single reached No  1 on the UK Singles Chart, spending three weeks at the top spot  In the US, "Fastlove" peaked at No  8  Following "Fastlove", Michael released Older, his third studio album  In the UK, the album was particularly notable for producing a record six top three hit singles in a two-year span In 1996, Michael was voted Best British Male at the MTV Europe Music Awards and the Brit Awards; and at the British Academy's Ivor Novello Awards, he was awarded the title of Songwriter of the Year for the third time  Michael performed a concert at Three Mills Studios, London, for MTV Unplugged  It was his first long performance in years, and in the audience was Michael's mother, who died of cancer the following year Ladies & Gentlemen: The Best of George Michael (1998) was Michael's first solo greatest hits collection  The collection of 28 songs (29 songs are included on the European and Australian release) are separated into two halves, with each containing a particular theme and mood  The first CD, titled "For the Heart", predominantly contains ballads; the second CD, "For the Feet", consists mainly of dance tunes  It was released through Sony Music Entertainment as a condition of severing contractual ties with the label  Ladies & Gentlemen was a success, peaking at No  1 on the UK Albums Chart for eight weeks  It spent over 200 weeks in the UK chart, and is the 45th best-selling album of all time in the UK  It is certified seven-times platinum in the UK and multi-platinum in the US, and is Michael's most commercially successful album in his homeland, having sold more than 2 8 million copies  As of 2013, the album had reached worldwide sales of approximately 15 million copies  The first single of the album, "Outside", was a humorous song making a reference to his arrest for soliciting a policeman in a public toilet  "As", his duet with Mary J  Blige, was released as the second single in many territories around the world  Both singles reached the top 5 in the UK Singles Chart Released in 1999, Songs from the Last Century is a studio album of cover tracks  The album achieved the lowest peak of his solo efforts, peaking at No  157 on the American Billboard 200 albums chart and at No  2 in the UK Albums Chart 

2000s
In 2000, Michael worked on the hit single "If I Told You That" with Whitney Houston  Michael co-produced on the single along with Rodney Jerkins  Michael's first single from his fifth studio album, "Freeek!", reached the Top 10 in the UK  His next single was "Shoot the Dog" which was released in July 2002 during the lead-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq  The video for the song showed Tony Blair as George Bush's poodle  The single's cover featured the Daily Mirror's "Howdy Poodle" front page from earlier in the year  Responding to criticism, Michael said, "I am British, I live here, I pay my taxes, and I'm very, very worried that we are now the second most dangerous country in the world thanks to our special relationship with America " It reached No  1 in Denmark and made the top 5 in most European charts  It peaked at No  12 on the UK Singles Chart In February 2003, Michael recorded another song in protest against the looming Iraq war, Don McLean's "The Grave"  The original was written by McLean in 1971 and was a protest against the Vietnam War  Michael performed the song on numerous TV shows including Top of the Pops and So Graham Norton  His performance of the song on Top of the Pops on 7 March 2003 was his first studio appearance on the programme since 1986  He ran into conflict with the show's producers for an anti-war, anti-Blair T-shirt worn by some members of his band  McLean stated that he was "'proud of George Michael for standing up for life and sanity'" 

When Michael's fifth studio album, Patience, was released in 2004, it was critically acclaimed and went to No  1 on the UK Albums Chart  The album became one of the fastest-selling albums in the UK, selling over 200,000 copies in the first week alone  It reached the Top 5 on most European charts and peaked at No  12 in the US, selling over 500,000 copies to earn a Gold certification from the RIAA  "Amazing", the third single from the album, became a No  1 hit in Europe  When Michael appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show on 26 May 2004, to promote the album, he performed "Amazing", along with his classic songs "Father Figure" and "Faith"  On the show, Michael spoke of his arrest, the public revelation of his homosexuality, and his resumption of public performances  He allowed Oprah's crew inside his home outside London  The fourth single taken off the album was "Flawless"  It was a dance hit in Europe as well as North America, reaching No  1 on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play and becoming Michael's last No  1 single on the US Dance chart  Twenty Five is Michael's second greatest hits album, celebrating the 25th anniversary of his music career  Released in November 2006 by Sony BMG, it debuted at no  1 in the UK 

During the 2005 Live 8 concert at Hyde Park, London, Michael joined Paul McCartney on stage, harmonising on The Beatles classic "Drive My Car"  In 2006, Michael embarked on his first tour in 15 years, 25 Live  The tour began in Barcelona, Spain, on 23 September and finished in December at Wembley Arena in England  On 9 June 2007, Michael became the first artist to perform live at the newly renovated Wembley Stadium in London  On 25 March 2008, a third part of the 25 Live Tour was announced for North America, with 21 dates in the US and Canada Michael made his American acting debut by playing a guardian angel to Jonny Lee Miller's character on Eli Stone, a US TV series  Each episode of the show's first season was named after a song of his  Michael also appeared on the 2008 finale show of American Idol on 21 May, singing "Praying for Time"  When asked what he thought Simon Cowell would say of his performance, he replied "I think he'll probably tell me I shouldn't have done a George Michael song  He's told plenty of people that in the past, so I think that'd be quite funny " On 25 December 2008, Michael released a new Christmas-themed track, "December Song", on his website for free 

2010s
In early 2010, Michael performed his first concerts in Australia since 1988  On 20 February 2010, Michael performed his first show in Perth at the Burswood Dome to an audience of 15,000  On 2 March 2011, Michael announced the release of his cover version of New Order's 1987 hit "True Faith" in aid of the UK charity telethon Comic Relief  Michael appeared on Comic Relief itself, featuring in the first Carpool Karaoke sketch of James Corden, with the pair singing songs while Corden drove around London  On 15 April 2011, Michael released a cover of Stevie Wonder's 1972 song, "You and I", as an MP3 gift to Prince William and Catherine Middleton on the occasion of their wedding on 29 April 2011  Although the MP3 was released for free download, Michael appealed to those who downloaded the track to make a contribution to "The Prince William & Miss Catherine Middleton Charitable Gift Fund" 

The Symphonica Tour began at the Prague State Opera House on 22 August 2011  In October 2011, Michael was announced as one of the final nominees for the Songwriter's Hall of Fame  In November, he had to cancel the remainder of the tour as he became ill with pneumonia in Vienna, Austria, ultimately slipping into a coma In February 2012, two months after leaving hospital, Michael made a surprise appearance at the 2012 Brit Awards at the O2 Arena in London, where he received a standing ovation, and presented Adele the award for Best British Album  In March, Michael announced that he was healthy and that the Symphonica Tour would resume in autumn  The final concert of the tour—which was also the final concert of Michael's life–was performed at London's Earls Court on 17 October 2012 Symphonica was released on 17 March 2014, and became Michael's seventh solo No  1 album in the UK, and ninth overall including his Wham! chart-toppers  The album was produced by Phil Ramone and Michael; the album was Ramone's last production credit  On 2 November 2016, Michael's management team announced that a second documentary on his life, entitled Freedom, was set to be released in March 2017  A month after, English songwriter Naughty Boy confirmed plans to collaborate with Michael, for a new song and album  Naughty Boy claimed that the song is "amazing but [   ] bittersweet"  On 7 September 2017 (months after Michael's death), the single "Fantasy", featuring Nile Rodgers, was released Having charted at number two upon its release in 1984 (behind Band Aid's "Do They Know It's Christmas?" which Michael also performed in), "Last Christmas" finally reached number-one in the UK Singles Chart on New Year's Day 2021 (chart week ending date 7 January 2021), more than 36 years after its initial release  Andrew Ridgeley said the chart placing was "a testament to its timeless appeal and charm", adding: "It is a fitting tribute to George's song-writing genius    he would have been immensely proud and utterly thrilled " The period of 36 years taken to reach number one was a UK chart record, which would be surpassed by Kate Bush with "Running Up That Hill" in June 2022 which took 37 years 

Posthumous releases
On 7 September 2017, Michael's estate released the single "Fantasy"  Written and produced by Michael, was recorded while he was working on Listen Without Prejudice Vol  1  However, the track was not included on the album  Instead in October 1990, it was featured on the "Waiting for That Day" single in the United Kingdom and on the "Freedom! '90" single in the rest of the world  On 7 September 2017, a new version reworked by Nile Rodgers was released as a single from Listen Without Prejudice / MTV Unplugged (2017)  The album includes the original version of "Fantasy" and the 1998 version; the Nile Rodgers remix was not included on the disc but was made available to purchasers as a digital download  On 18 October 2017, a music video was released on Vevo In 2019, the Emma Thompson-written film Last Christmas was released  The title of the film is taken from the Wham classic  An official soundtrack album was released by Legacy Recordings on CD, two-disc vinyl, and digital formats on 8 November 2019  The album contains 14 Wham! and solo George Michael songs, as well as a previously unreleased song originally completed in 2015 titled "This Is How (We Want You to Get High)"  The soundtrack album debuted at number one on the UK Official Soundtrack Albums Chart and at number 11 on the UK Albums Chart on 15 November 2019  It also entered the Australian Albums Chart at number seven, the Irish Albums Chart, where it debuted at number 32, climbing to number 26 the following week, and at number 55 on the US Billboard 200 On 22 June 2022, the documentary film Freedom Uncut was released  Michael had been working on the film shortly before his death, alongside David Austin, and provides the narration throughout  NME, The Guardian and Empire all praised the film and rated it 4/5 stars On September 30, 2022, a remastered and expanded version of Older was released comprising the original Older album, the Upper disc and three bonus CDs, containing remixes and live recordings of Older-era tracks  The album charted at number 2 on the UK Official Albums Chart Top 100 on 7 October 2022 

Personal life
Sexuality and relationships
Michael stated that his early fantasies were about women, which "led me to believe I was on the path to heterosexuality", but at puberty he started to fantasise about men, which he later said "had something to do with my environment"  At the age of 19, Michael told Andrew Ridgeley that he was bisexual  Michael also told one of his two sisters, but he was advised not to tell his parents about his sexuality  In a 1999 interview with The Advocate, Michael told the Editor in Chief, Judy Wieder, that it was "falling in love with a man that ended his conflict over bisexuality" 
"I never had a moral problem with being gay", Michael told her  "I thought I had fallen in love with a woman a couple of times  Then I fell in love with a man, and realised that none of those things had been love "In 2004, Michael said, "I used to sleep with women quite a lot in the Wham! days but never felt it could develop into a relationship because I knew that, emotionally, I was a gay man  I didn't want to commit to them but I was attracted to them  Then I became ashamed that I might be using them  I decided I had to stop, which I did when I began to worry about AIDS, which was becoming prevalent in Britain  Although I had always had safe sex, I didn't want to sleep with a woman without telling her I was bisexual  I felt that would be irresponsible  Basically, I didn't want to have that uncomfortable conversation that might ruin the moment, so I stopped sleeping with them " In the same interview, he added: "If I wasn't with Kenny [his boyfriend at the time], I would have sex with women, no question"  He said he believed that the formation of his sexuality was "a nurture thing, via the absence of my father who was always busy working  It meant I was exceptionally close to my mother", though he stated that "there are definitely those who have a predisposition to being gay in which the environment is irrelevant " In 2007, Michael said he had hidden his sexuality because of worries over what effect it might have on his mother  Two years later, he added: "My depression at the end of Wham! was because I was beginning to realise I was gay, not bisexual "During the late 1980s, Michael had a relationship with make-up artist Kathy Jeung, who was regarded for a time as his artistic "muse" and who appeared in the "I Want Your Sex" video  Michael later said that she had been his "only bona fide" girlfriend, and that she knew of his bisexuality  In 2016, Jeung reacted to Michael's death by calling him a "true friend" with whom she had spent "some of the best time of [her] life" In 1992, Michael established a relationship with Anselmo Feleppa, a Brazilian dress designer whom he had met at the Rock in Rio concert in 1991  Six months into their relationship, Feleppa discovered that he was HIV-positive  Michael later said: "It was terrifying news  I thought I could have the disease too  I couldn't go through it with my family because I didn't know how to share it with them – they didn't even know I was gay " In 1993, Feleppa died of an AIDS-related brain haemorrhage  Michael's single, "Jesus to a Child", is a tribute to Feleppa (Michael consistently dedicated it to him before performing it live), as is his album Older (1996)  In 2008, speaking about the loss of Feleppa, Michael said: "It was a terribly depressing time  It took about three years to grieve, then after that I lost my mother  I felt almost like I was cursed "In 1996, Michael entered into a long-term relationship with Kenny Goss, a former flight attendant, cheerleading coach, and sportswear executive from Dallas, Texas  They had a home in Dallas, a 16th-century house in Goring-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, and an £8 million mansion in Highgate, North London  In late November 2005, it was reported that Michael and Goss planned to register their relationship as a civil partnership in the UK, but because of negative publicity and his upcoming tour, they postponed their plans  On 22 August 2011, the opening night of his Symphonica world tour, Michael announced that he and Goss had split two years earlier Michael's homosexuality became publicly known following his April 1998 arrest for public lewdness  In 2007, Michael said "that hiding his sexuality made him feel 'fraudulent', and his eventual outing, when he was arrested [   ] in 1998, was a subconsciously deliberate act "In 2012, Michael entered a relationship with Fadi Fawaz, a Lebanese-Australian celebrity hairstylist and freelance photographer based in London  It was Fawaz who found Michael's body on Christmas morning 2016 

Legal troubles
On 7 April 1998, Michael was arrested for "engaging in a lewd act" in a public restroom of the Will Rogers Memorial Park in Beverly Hills, California  Michael was arrested by undercover policeman Marcelo Rodríguez in a sting operation  In an MTV interview, Michael stated: "I got followed into the restroom and then this cop—I didn't know it was a cop, obviously—he started playing this game, which I think is called, 'I'll show you mine, you show me yours, and then when you show me yours, I'm going to nick you!'"

After pleading "no contest" to the charge, Michael was fined US$810 and sentenced to 80 hours of community service  Soon afterwards, Michael made a video for his single "Outside", which satirised the public toilet incident and featured men dressed as policemen kissing  Rodríguez claimed that this video "mocked" him, and that Michael had slandered him in interviews  In 1999, he brought a US$10 million court case in California against the singer  The court dismissed the case, but an appellate court reinstated it on 3 December 2002  The court then ruled that Rodríguez, as a public official, could not legally recover damages for emotional distress On 23 July 2006, Michael was again accused of engaging in anonymous public sex, this time at London's Hampstead Heath  Michael stated that his cruising for anonymous sex was not an issue in his relationship with partner Kenny Goss In February 2006, Michael was arrested for possession of Class C drugs, an incident that he described as "my own stupid fault, as usual"  He was cautioned by the police and released  In 2007, he pleaded guilty to drug-impaired driving after obstructing the road at traffic lights in Cricklewood in northwest London, and was subsequently banned from driving for two years and sentenced to community service  On 19 September 2008, Michael was arrested in a public convenience in the Hampstead Heath area for possession of Class A and C drugs  He was taken to the police station and cautioned for controlled substance possession In the early hours of 4 July 2010, Michael was returning from the Gay Pride parade, when he was spotted on CCTV crashing his car into the front of a Snappy Snaps store in Hampstead, north London, and was arrested on suspicion of being unfit to drive  On 12 August, London's Metropolitan Police said he was "charged with possession of cannabis and with driving while unfit through drink or drugs"  It was reported that Michael had also been taking the prescription tricyclic antidepressant medication amitriptyline  On 24 August 2010, the singer pleaded guilty at Highbury Corner Magistrates' Court in London after admitting driving under the influence of drugs  On 14 September 2010, at the same court, Michael was sentenced to eight weeks in prison, a fine, and a five-year ban from driving  Michael was released from Highpoint Prison in Suffolk on 11 October 2010, after serving four weeks  In the dent in the shop wall Michael had crashed into, someone graffitied the word "Wham" 

Health
Michael struggled with substance abuse for many years  He was arrested for drug-related offences in 2006, 2008 and 2010  In September 2007, on BBC Radio 4's Desert Island Discs, Michael said that his cannabis use was a problem; he wished he could smoke less of it and was constantly trying to do so  On 5 December 2009, in an interview with The Guardian, Michael explained he had cut back on cannabis and was smoking only "seven or eight" spliffs per day instead of the 25 per day he had formerly smoked  Michael also abused sleeping pills On 26 October 2011, Michael cancelled a performance at the Royal Albert Hall in London due to a viral infection  On 21 November, Vienna General Hospital admitted Michael after he complained of chest pains while at a hotel two hours before his performance at a venue there for his Symphonica Tour  Michael appeared to be "in good spirits" and responded well to treatment following his admission, but on 25 November hospital officials said that his condition had "worsened overnight"  This development led to cancellations and postponements of Michael's remaining 2011 performances, which had been scheduled mainly for the United Kingdom  The singer was later confirmed to have suffered from pneumonia and, until 1 December, was in an intensive care unit; at one point, he was comatose  On 21 December, the hospital discharged him  Michael told the press that he had undergone a tracheotomy, that the staff at the hospital had saved his life, and that he would perform a free concert for them  After waking from the coma, Michael had a temporary West Country accent, and there was concern he had developed foreign accent syndrome On 16 May 2013, Michael sustained a head injury when he fell from his moving car on the M1 motorway, near St Albans in Hertfordshire, and was airlifted to hospital  On 29 May, Michael's publicist confirmed that he had left the hospital and that his injuries were superficial In 2014, Michael stated that he had refrained from using cannabis for one-and-one-half years  In June 2015, he checked into a drug rehabilitation facility in Switzerland 

Politics
"To call us Thatcherite was so simplistic, basically saying that if you've got a deep enough tan and made a bit of money then you've got to be a Thatcherite "
Michael's father was a communist  At the age of fifteen, Michael joined the Young Communist League, under his Greek name  During the time of Margaret Thatcher as the Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom throughout the 1980s, Michael voted Labour  In September 1984, Wham! performed at a benefit concert at London's Royal Festival Hall for the striking UK miners In 2000, Michael joined Melissa Etheridge, Garth Brooks, Queen Latifah, the Pet Shop Boys, and k d  lang, to perform in Washington, D C  as part of Equality Rocks, a concert to benefit the Human Rights Campaign, an American LGBT rights group  His 2002 single "Shoot the Dog" was critical of the friendly relationship between the UK and US governments, in particular the relationship between Tony Blair and George W  Bush, with their involvement in the War on Terror  Michael voiced his concern about the lack of public consultation in the UK regarding the War on Terror: "On an issue as enormous as the possible bombing of Iraq, how can you represent us when you haven't asked us what we think?"In 2006, Michael performed a free concert for NHS nurses in London to thank the nurses who had cared for his late mother  He told the audience: "Thank you for everything you do — some people appreciate it  Now if we can only get the government to do the same thing "In 2007, Michael sent the £1,450,000 piano that John Lennon used to write "Imagine" around the United States on a "peace tour", displaying at places where notable acts of violence had taken place, such as Dallas' Dealey Plaza, where US President John F  Kennedy had been shot  He devoted his 2007 concert in Sofia, from his "Twenty Five Tour" to the Bulgarian nurses prosecuted in the HIV trial in Libya  On 17 June 2008, Michael said he was thrilled by California's legalisation of same-sex marriage, calling the move "way overdue" 

Philanthropy
In November 1984, Michael joined other British and Irish pop stars of the era to form Band Aid, singing on the charity song "Do They Know It's Christmas?" for famine relief in Ethiopia  This single became the UK Christmas number one in December 1984, holding Michael's own song, "Last Christmas" by Wham!, at No  2  "Do They Know It's Christmas?" sold 3 75 million copies in the UK and became the biggest selling single in UK chart history, a title it held until 1997 when it was overtaken by Elton John's "Candle in the Wind 1997", released in tribute to Princess Diana following her death (Michael attended Diana's funeral with Elton John)  Michael donated the royalties from "Last Christmas" to Band Aid and subsequently sang with Elton John at Live Aid (the Band Aid charity concert) in 1985 In 1986, Michael took part in the Prince's Trust charity concert held at Wembley Arena, performing "Everytime You Go Away" alongside Paul Young  In 1988, Michael participated in the Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute at Wembley Stadium in London together with many other singers (such as Annie Lennox and Sting), performing "Sexual Healing" An LGBT rights campaigner and HIV/AIDS charity fundraiser, the proceeds from the 1991 single "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me" were divided among 10 different charities for children, AIDS and education  He was also a patron of the Elton John AIDS Foundation  Michael wore a red ribbon at the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert at Wembley Stadium in April 1992  He was instrumental in bringing the compilation CD Red Hot + Dance to fruition, contributing three original songs, with the album featuring Seal and Madonna among others In 2003, he paired up with Ronan Keating on the UK edition of the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? and won £32,000, after having their original £64,000 winnings halved by answering the £125,000 question incorrectly  The same year, Michael joined other celebrities to support a campaign to help raise £20 million for terminally ill children run by the Rainbow Trust Children's Charity of which he was a patron  He said: "Loss is such an incredibly difficult thing  I bow down to people who actually have to deal with the loss of a child "

Following Michael's death, various charities revealed that Michael had privately supported them for many years  Those charities included Childline (to whom he had donated "millions"), the Terrence Higgins Trust, and Macmillan Cancer Support  Michael also donated to individuals: he reportedly called the production team of the quiz show Deal or No Deal after a contestant had revealed that she needed £15,000 to fund IVF treatment and anonymously paid for the treatment  Michael once tipped a student nurse working as a barmaid £5,000 because she was in debt  On 3 January 2017, another woman came forward and (with the permission of Michael's family) revealed he had anonymously paid for her IVF treatment after seeing her talk about her problems conceiving on an episode of This Morning in 2010  The woman gave birth to a girl in 2012 After his death, it was also revealed that Michael had been anonymously paying for an annual Christmas tree erected where he lived in Highgate, as well as funding the Christmas lights, for the previous decade  He was also the largest funder of Highgate's annual Fair in the Square for those ten years, donating anonymously as "a local resident" 

Assets
Between 2006 and 2008, according to reports, Michael earned £48 5 million from the 25 Live tour alone  In July 2014, he was reported to have been a celebrity investor in a tax avoidance scheme called Liberty  According to the Sunday Times Rich List 2015 of the wealthiest British musicians, Michael was worth £105 million 

Death
In the early hours of Christmas Day 2016, Michael died in bed at his home in Goring-on-Thames, at the age of 53  He was found by his partner, Fadi Fawaz  In March 2017, a senior coroner in Oxfordshire attributed Michael's death to dilated cardiomyopathy with myocarditis and a fatty liver Owing to the delay in determining the cause of death, Michael's funeral was held on 29 March 2017  In a private ceremony, he was buried at Highgate Cemetery in north London, on one side of his mother's grave  His sister Melanie, who died exactly three years after him, is buried on the other side 

Aftermath
In the summer of 2017, a temporary informal memorial garden was created outside Michael's former home in The Grove, Highgate  The site, in a private square that Michael had owned, was tended by fans for approximately eighteen months until it was cleared In March 2019, Michael's art collection was auctioned in England for £11 3 million  The proceeds were donated to various philanthropic organisations Michael gave to while he was alive Michael's will left most of his £97 million estate to his sisters, his father and friends  It did not include bequests to either Fawaz or to his former partner, Kenny Goss  In 2021, following legal proceedings, the trustees of Michael's estate entered into a financial settlement with Goss 

Tributes
Elton John was among those who paid tribute to Michael, emotionally addressing the audience in Las Vegas on 28 December, "What a singer, what a songwriter  But more than anything as a human being he was one of the kindest, sweetest, most generous people I've ever met "At the 59th Annual Grammy Awards on 12 February 2017, Adele performed a slow version of "Fastlove" in tribute to Michael  On 22 February, Coldplay lead singer Chris Martin performed "A Different Corner" at the 2017 Brit Awards  In June, Michael's close friend, former Spice Girls member Geri Halliwell, released a charity single, "Angels in Chains", a tribute to him, to raise money for Childline In 2020, Michael was commemorated with a mural in his native borough of Brent  The artwork, which formed part of the Brent Biennial, was commissioned to pay tribute to his contribution to the fields of music and entertainment  Artist Dawn Mellor said it celebrates the singer as a pioneering cultural and LGBTQ+ figure 

Awards and achievements
Michael won numerous music awards throughout his 30-year career, including three Brit Awards—winning Best British Male Artist twice, four MTV Video Music Awards, six Ivor Novello Awards, three American Music Awards (including two in the traditionally-black Soul/R&B category), and two Grammy Awards from eight nominations  In 2015, he was ranked 45th in Billboard's list of the "Greatest Hot 100 Artists of All Time"  The Radio Academy stated that Michael was the most frequently played artist on British radio during the period 1984–2004  In 2019, Michael was named as the greatest artist of all time by Smooth Radio  
In 2023, Michael was nominated for induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame  On 3 May 2023, Michael was picked as an inductee to the 2023 class alongside Kate Bush, Willie Nelson, The Spinners, Missy Elliott and Rage Against the Machine 

Discography and record sales
At the time of his death, Michael was estimated to have sold between 100 million and 125 million records worldwide  As a solo artist, he sold an estimated 100 million records, making him one of the best-selling music artists  He is estimated to have sold up to 30 million records with Wham!  His debut solo album Faith sold more than 25 million copies 

Solo discography

Faith (1987)
Listen Without Prejudice Vol  1 (1990)
Older (1996)
Songs from the Last Century (1999)
Patience (2004)Wham! discography

Fantastic (1983)
Make It Big (1984)

Tours
The Faith Tour (1988–89)
Cover to Cover (1991)
25 Live (2006–08)
George Michael Live in Australia (2010)
Symphonica Tour (2011–12)

See also
Imagine Piano Peace Project
List of artists by number of UK Singles Chart number ones
List of artists who reached number one in the United States
List of best-selling music artists
Panayiotou v Sony Music Entertainment (UK) Ltd
The Real George Michael: Portrait of an Artist
Passage 6:
Fantasy (George Michael song)
"Fantasy" is a song by the English singer-songwriter George Michael  It was first released in 1990 as the B-side of his single "Waiting for That Day" (and "Freedom! '90" in the US)  On 7 September 2017, a new version reworked by Nile Rodgers was released as a single from Listen Without Prejudice / MTV Unplugged (2017)  The single was released posthumously, more than eight months after Michael's death on 25 December 2016 

Background
"Fantasy", written and produced by Michael, was recorded while he was working on Listen Without Prejudice Vol  1  However, the track was not included on the album  Instead in October 1990, it was featured on the "Waiting for That Day" single in the United Kingdom and on the "Freedom! '90" single in the rest of the world  In 1998, a remixed version of "Fantasy" was featured on the "Outside" single  The original version of the song was included later on Michael's albums: Ladies & Gentlemen: The Best of George Michael (1998), Twenty Five (2006) and Faith (2011 edition)  On 7 September 2017, a new version reworked by Nile Rodgers was released as a single from Listen Without Prejudice / MTV Unplugged (2017)  The album includes the original version of "Fantasy" and the 1998 version; the Nile Rodgers remix was not included on the disc but was made available to purchasers as a digital download   On 18 October 2017, a music video was released on Vevo 

Track listing
Digital single"Fantasy" (featuring Nile Rodgers) – 4:02Promotional single"Fantasy" (featuring Nile Rodgers) (Radio Edit) – 3:37

Versions
"Fantasy" – 5:00
"Fantasy '98" – 4:30
"Fantasy" (featuring Nile Rodgers) – 4:02
"Fantasy" (featuring Nile Rodgers) (Radio Edit) – 3:37

Charts
Release history
Passage 7:
Kathy Sanborn
Kathy Sanborn (born January 16, ?) is an American jazz vocalist and composer based in California  She won a 2015 American Songwriting Award for her song, "Fantasy "

Style
Sanborn has been compared to 1950s cool jazz singers Anita O'Day, Chris Connor, and June Christy due to her smooth vocals and clear diction  Her vocal tone has been compared to the 1970s singer-songwriter Laura Nyro for its depth and timbre  JazzTimes on Sanborn's work: "Romance is always in the air as far as Kathy Sanborn is concerned, and her songs are reflections of those emotions which take flight when overpowered by love "Spain's NoSoloSmoothJazz com says: "Kathy Sanborn is one of the most original vocalists in the American musical landscape "With the release of Peaceful Sounds, Eric Cohen of New York radio station WAER proclaimed that Sanborn's voice "truly is a gift from the heavens "

Early life
Sanborn demonstrated a love of music from an early age, and performed in front of a mirror in her bedroom  She began ballet studies as a youth, but turned her focus to piano and voice, performing in various school plays and concerts 
Her father was an amateur sax player and lover of big band music  Consequently, Sanborn had an early introduction to jazz music and its major performers 

Career
Self-released in 2008, Peaceful Sounds is Sanborn's debut album, combining jazz and new age music  The sometimes dark and philosophical album garnered almost immediate international radio attention  She followed it with Small Galaxy (2010), a more upbeat album which reached No  4 on radio station WSCA's Top Chart 
Blues for Breakfast (2011), featured Grammy nominee Scott Petito on bass, Chris Carey on drums, and Wayne Ricci on trumpet  The title track showcased Sanborn's love of jazz history and her affection for the famed musicians of the 1930s-50s who performed on New York's 52nd Street  Sanborn said, "I wrote the song, 'Blues for Breakfast', as a fond tribute to the jazz masters of days gone by  On New York's 52nd Street, the greats would 'walk the high wire' and enthrall and inspire new generations of jazz players  As jazz continues to evolve in the modern era, I imagine the masters are looking down and nodding their approval "In 2011, Sanborn released her single, "Magnetized," dedicated to film historian and Turner Classic Movies host Robert Osborne  A fan of classic movies, Sanborn composed the jazz love song as an homage to the power of attraction exhibited by film stars Six Degrees of Cool (2012) showcased Sanborn's cool jazz roots  The album includes "Bitter Winter" and "Shanty Man," songs referring to societal effects of economic depression  "Drawing from renowned influences such as cool jazz giants Miles Davis, Chet Baker, and Anita O'Day, Sanborn's new album brings cool jazz into today's contemporary scene "Sultry Night (2013) includes songs honoring Anita O'Day and Cary Grant  Sanborn composed, arranged, sang, played piano, and produced the album Sanborn won a 2015 American Songwriting Award for "Fantasy," the first single released from her 2015 album, Lights of Laniakea Kej worked with Sanborn on the album Lights of Laniakea (2015) Says Sanborn, "Back in 2014 at the University of Hawaii, scientists mapped a new supercluster that contains our own galaxy, the Milky Way  They named it Laniakea, which means, 'Immeasurable Heaven ' The album, Lights of Laniakea, describes our universal desire to live in the light – in the 'immeasurable heaven' that is our home "In 2016, Lights of Laniakea was nominated for a ZMR Award (Best Vocal Album) and a One World Music Radio Award (Best Vocal Album) Sanborn appeared on the compilation Action Moves People United, which also featured Julian Lennon, Janis Ian, and Dan Aykroyd, among many others  The album reached Billboard's top ten chart for compilation albums 
Beginning 2016, Sanborn contributed a column to the jazz web site, All About Jazz  Titled "In the Biz," the column featured Sanborn's interviews with jazz colleagues such as David Longoria, Arun Shenoy, Carol Albert, Roberta Piket, and many more  The column focused on the business of jazz music today, and how jazz musicians can best promote themselves and their music Sanborn's eighth album, Recollecting You, released August 4, 2017  A single from the album, "Falling," won a 2017 Clouzine International Music Award for Best Jazz Song In 2017, Sanborn appeared on the World music album, A Musical Journey: Together in Peace, which reached Billboard #1 in World albums  The project, created by Rupam Sarmah and Kevin Mackie, is a collaborative effort to promote global peace The composer and vocalist is a strong believer in creating new jazz music for the modern era  Sanborn says, "Instead of regurgitating old standards, we need to keep the jazz genre alive by releasing fresh music for new generations  Write new standards, and stop relying on old music to pave the way for any positive changes in jazz  There is an important place in jazz for the old songs that have touched listeners for decades, but if we wish to reach new and broader markets, we need to move forward – and not exist solely in the past  Miles Davis, if he were here today, would be shocked that jazz music has not moved further ahead by now "

Awards and honors
Discography
Passage 8:
Astrid North
Astrid North (Astrid Karina North Radmann; 24 August 1973, West Berlin – 25 June 2019, Berlin) was a German soul singer and songwriter  She was the singer of the German band Cultured Pearls, with whom she released five Albums  As guest singer of the band Soulounge she published three albums 

Career
North had her first experiences as a singer with her student band Colorful Dimension in Berlin  In March 1992 she met B  La (Bela Braukmann) and Tex Super (Peter Hinderthür) who then studied at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg and who were looking for a singer for their band Cultured Pearls  The trio entered the German charts with four singles and four albums 

In 1994 North sang for the dance-pop band Big Light on their hit single Trouble Is  In 1996 she was a guest on the side project Little Red Riding Hood by Fury in the Slaughterhouse brothers Kai and Thorsten Wingenfelder which resulted in the release of the single Life's Too Short from the eponymous album The song Sleepy Eyes, texted and sung by North, appears in the soundtrack of the movie Tor zum Himmel (2003) by director Veit Helmer  In 2003 she appeared at the festival Das Fest in Karlsruhe and sang alongside her own songs a cover version of the Aerosmith hit Walk This Way together with the German singer Sasha  North also toured with the American singer Gabriel Gordon After the end of her band Cultured Pearls in 2003 North moved 2004 to New York City to write new songs, work with a number of different musicians and to experiment with her music In 2005 she joined the charity project Home, which produced an album for the benefit of the orphans from the Beluga School for Life in Thailand which have been affected by the Indian Ocean earthquake in 2004 and the subsequent tsunami  Beside the orphans themselves also the following artists have been involved, guitarist Henning Rümenapp (Guano Apes), Kai Wingenfelder (Fury in the Slaughterhouse), Maya Saban and others  With Bobby Hebb Astrid North recorded a new version of his classic hit Sunny  It was the first time Hebb sung this song as duett and it appeared on his last album That's All I Wanna Know 

North sang in 2006 My Ride, Spring Is Near and No One Can Tell on the album The Ride by Basic Jazz Lounge, a project by jazz trumpeter Joo Kraus  In addition, she worked as a workshop lecturer of the Popkurs at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg 
In spring 2010 North performed as the opening act of the Fakebling-Tour of Miss Platnum  The magazine Der Spiegel described her as one of the "leading ladies of the local soul scene"  On 20 July 2012 her solo debut album North was released 
On 16 September 2016 Astrid North released her second solo album, Precious Ruby, dedicated to her grandmother Precious Ruby North  North used crowdfunding to finance the album  The first single published from this album was the song Miss Lucy  In 2016 she also started her concert series North-Lichter in Berlin's Bar jeder Vernunft to which she invited singers such as Katharina Franck, Elke Brauweiler, Lizzy Scharnofske, Mia Diekow, Lisa Bassenge or Iris Romen 

Life
Astrid North was born in West Berlin, West Germany to Sondria North and Wolf-Dieter Radmann  She commuted between her birth city and her family in Houston, Texas until she was nine years old  In the USA she lived mainly with her grandparents and her time there significantly shaped her musical development Besides her music career Astrid North worked also as lecturer in Hamburg at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater and as yoga teacher  North was the mother of two children, her daughter was born in 2001 and her son in 2006  Her sister Ondria North works as make-up artist and hair stylist in the German film industry 
She died in June 2019 at the age of 45 years from pancreatic cancer 

Discography
with Cultured PearlsAlbums

1996: Sing Dela Sing (German chart position 92, 3 weeks)
1997: Space Age Honeymoon (German chart position 54, 6 weeks)
1999: Liquefied Days (German chart position 19, 9 weeks)
2002: Life on a Tuesday (German chart position 74, 1 week)Singles

1996: Tic Toc (1996) (German chart position 65, 10 weeks)
1997: Sugar Sugar Honey (German chart position 72, 9 weeks)
1998: Silverball (German chart position 99, 2 weeks)
1999: Kissing the Sheets (German chart position 87, 9 weeks)with Soulounge

2003: The Essence of the Live Event – Volume One
2004: Home
2006: Say It AllSolo

2005: Sunny (Single, Bobby Hebb feat  Astrid North)
2012: North (Album, 20  Juli 2012)
2013: North Live (Album, live recordings from different venues in Germany)
2016: Sunny (Compilation, Bobby Hebb feat  Astrid North)
2016: Precious Ruby (Album, 16  September 2016)as guest singer

1994: Trouble Is – Big Light (Single)
1996: Life's Too Short – Little Red Riding Hood (Single)
2006: Basic Jazz Lounge: The Ride – Joo Kraus (Album)
Context 3: Passage 1:
Eleanor of Aragon, Countess of Toulouse
Eleanor of Aragon, Countess of Toulouse (1182–1226) was a daughter of King Alfonso II of Aragon and Sancha of Castile 
She married Raymond VI, Count of Toulouse 

Life
According to the Ex Gestis Comitum Barcinonensium, she was the second daughter and fourth of nine children of the troubadour king, Alfonso II of Aragon and his wife Sancha of Castile  She had for older brothers Pierre II the Catholic and Alphonse II, Count of Provence and Forcalquier, and for sisters Constance, first queen of Hungary, then empress by her marriage with Frederick II, and Sancie, countess of Toulouse 
According to the Crónica of San Juan de la Peña, her brother Peter II sealed the union of Eleanor, with Raymond VI of Toulouse, Duke of Narbonne and Marquis of Provence, in order to put an end to the dissensions with the counts of Toulouse 
Raymond VI was the eldest son of Raymond V and Constance of France, daughter of King Louis VI and Adelaide de Maurienne  Eleanor was Raymond VI's 6th wife, having divorced an unknown daughter and sole heiress of Emperor Isaac Komnenos of Cyprus just two years earlier  Raymond and Eleanor did not have children 
By this marriage she became countess of Toulouse which would suffer the pangs of the war and the Albigensian Crusade, in the following years  The crusade was initiated by Pope Innocent III and headed by the French Crown against Toulouse and Catharism 
Passage 2:
Berengaria of Barcelona
Berengaria of Barcelona (1116 – 15 January 1149), called in Spanish Berenguela de Barcelona and also known as Berengaria of Provence, was Queen consort of Castile, León and Galicia  She was the daughter of Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence On 10/17 November 1128 in Saldaña, Berengaria married Alfonso VII, King of Castile, León and Galicia Their children were:

Sancho III of Castile (1134–1158)
Ramon, living 1136, died in infancy
Ferdinand II of León (1137–1188)
Constance (c  1138–1160), married Louis VII of France
Sancha (c  1139–1179), married Sancho VI of Navarre
García (c  1142–1145/6)
Alfonso (c  1144–c  1149)According to a description, "She was a very beautiful and extremely graceful young girl who loved chastity and truth and all God-fearing people "She died in Palencia, and was buried at the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela 

In fiction
A parody version of queen Berengaria and king Alfonso is presented in the tragicomedy La venganza de Don Mendo by Pedro Muñoz Seca 
In its film version, Lina Canalejas played Berengaria 
Passage 3:
Sancha of León
Sancha of León (c  1018 – 8 November 1067) was a princess and queen of León  She was married to Ferdinand I, the Count of Castile who later became King of León after having killed Sancha's brother in battle  She and her husband commissioned the Crucifix of Ferdinand and Sancha 

Life
Sancha was a daughter of Alfonso V of León by his first wife, Elvira Menéndez  She became a secular abbess of the Monastery of San Pelayo In 1029, a political marriage was arranged between her and count García Sánchez of Castile  However, having traveled to León for the marriage, García was assassinated by a group of disgruntled vassals  In 1032, Sancha was married to García's nephew and successor, Ferdinand I of Castile, when the latter was 11 years old At the Battle of Tamarón in 1037 Ferdinand killed Sancha's brother Bermudo III of León, making Sancha the heir and allowing Ferdinand to have himself crowned King of León  Sancha's own position as queen of León is unclear and contradictory  She succeeded to the throne of León as the heir of her brother and in her "own right" but despite this, she is not clearly referred to as queen regnant, and after the death of her husband the throne passed to her son, despite the fact that she was still alive Following Ferdinand's death in 1065 and the division of her husband's kingdom, she is said to have played the futile role of peacemaker among her sons She was a devout Catholic, who, with her husband, commissioned the crucifix that bears their name as a gift for the Basilica of San Isidoro 

Children
Sancha had five children:

Urraca of Zamora
Sancho II of León and Castile
Elvira of Toro
Alfonso VI of León and Castile
García II of Galicia

Death and burial
She died in the city of León on 8 November 1067  She was interred in the Royal Pantheon of the Basilica of San Isidoro, along with her parents, brother, husband, and her children Elvira, Urraca and García 
The following Latin inscription was carved in the tomb in which were deposited the remains of Queen Sancha:
"H  R  SANCIA REGINA TOTIUS HISPANIAE, MAGNI REGIS FERDINANDI UXOR  FILIA REGIS ADEFONSI, QUI POPULAVIT LEGIONEM POS DESTRUCTIONEM ALMANZOR  OBIIT ERA MCVIIII  III N  M "
Which translates to:

"Here lies Sancha, Queen of All Spain, wife of the great king Ferdinand and daughter of king Alfonso, who populated León after the destruction of Almanzor  Died in the one thousand one hundred eighth era on the third nones of May [5 May 1071] "
Passage 4:
Isabella of Navarre, Viscountess of Rohan
Isabel d'Albret of Navarre (1512–aft  1560) was a princess of Navarre  She was the daughter of John III of Navarre (died 1516) and queen Catherine I of Navarre  The same year she was born, the greater part of Navarre was conquered by Aragon, and she was raised in France  
In 1528, there were unsuccessful suggestions for a marriage between her and the Hungarian king John Zápolya, an ally of the king of France  In 16 August 1532, Isabel married René I de Rohan, Viscount of Rohan (d  1552) Isabel became the godmother of her grand nephew Henry III of Navarre, whom she carried to his baptism in 1554  Isabel came to feel sympathy for Calvinism early on, but did not convert during the lifetime of her spouse, who remained a Catholic  In 1556, she met admiral de Coligny, and was present in Béarn in 1557 when queen Joan III of Navarre introduced the Reformation in Navarre  She converted to Protestantism in 1558, and her Castle of Blain became a center of Protestantism in the area



ground_truth: Blue Blood And Red

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Where did the performer of song Fantasy (George Michael Song) die?

The following are given passages.
Context 3:  It was at her Castle of Blain that the first Breton church was organized  In Blain, she received the Protestant reformer d'Andelot, who had a mission in Nantes and held the first Protestant sermon there with the reformers Fleurer and Loiseleur de Villiers  In 1560, she was granted personal religious freedom for herself and her household on her own domains by the king of France 

Issue
Isabel and Rene had:

Françoise de Rohan
Louis de Rohan, seigneur de Gié
Henri I, Viscount of Rohan, 19th Viscount of Rohan, married Françoise of Tournemine
Jean de Rohan, married Diane of Barbançon
René II, de Rohan, 20th Viscount of Rohan, married Catherine of Parthenay
Passage 5:
Beatrice of Navarre, Countess of La Marche
Beatrice of Navarre (1392–1412/1415) was a daughter of Charles III of Navarre and his wife, Eleanor of Castile 

Biography
She was a member of the House of Évreux  Her surviving siblings were Blanche I of Navarre, wife of John II of Aragon, and Isabella of Navarre, wife of John IV of Armagnac 
In 1406 in Pamplona, Beatrice married James II, Count of La Marche, son of John I, Count of La Marche, and Catherine of Vendôme  The couple had three children:

Isabelle (1408 – aft  1445), a nun at Besançon
Marie (1410 – aft  1445), a nun at Amiens
Eleanor of Bourbon-La Marche (1412 – aft  21 August 1464), married Bernard d'Armagnac, Count of Pardiac (d  1462)It is not certain when Beatrice died  She died between 1412 and 1415, possibly while giving birth to her daughter Eleanor in 1412 


== Ancestry ==
Passage 6:
René I, Viscount of Rohan
René I de Rohan, (1516–1552) 18th Viscount of Rohan, Viscount and Prince de Léon, and Marquis de Blain  married Isabella of Navarre daughter of jure uxoris King John III of Navarre and Catherine of Navarre, Queen of Navarre 

Life
René I was the son of Pierre II de Rohan and Anne de Rohan, who upon her death transmitted the titles of her brother, Jacques de Rohan, who died without heirs 
Queen Margaret of Navarre, sister of Francis I of France served as Guardian of René I de Rohan, and arranged for René I de Rohan to marry her sister-in-law Isabella  This introduced Protestantism into the House of Rohan  A family who would fight on Protestant side in the Huguenot rebellions 
René I de Rohan died in 1552 fighting on the German frontier during the Siege of Metz 

Children
René I de Rohan and Isabella of Navarre had:

Françoise de Rohan, married to Jacques de Savoie, duc de Nemours
Louis de Rohan, seigneur de Gié
Henri I, Viscount of Rohan, 19th Viscount of Rohan, married Françoise of Tournemine
Jean de Rohan, married Diane of Barbançon
René II, de Rohan, 20th Viscount of Rohan, married Catherine of Parthenay
Passage 7:
Joan of Navarre (regent)
Joan of Navarre (French: Jeanne, Spanish: Juana; 1382 – July 1413) was the heir presumptive to the throne of Navarre in 1402–1413, and regent of Navarre in the absence of her father in 1409–1411 

Life
Joan was the eldest child of King Charles III of Navarre and his wife Eleanor, daughter of King Henry II of Castile  Her younger sisters were Blanche, Beatrice, and Isabella Joan was originally betrothed in 1401 to Martin I of Sicily, the heir to the throne of Aragón  He was widower of Maria of Sicily, who had not given him surviving children  Plans were however changed and Martin married Joan's sister Blanche  Joan herself married at Olite on 12 November 1402 to John, Viscount of Castellbò, the heir to the County of Foix in France  The couple were married for eleven years but failed to produce any children  A month after her wedding, Joan was recognized as heir presumptive to the throne of Navarre at Olite on 3 December 1402  There the Estates of Navarre swore an oath to Joan and John as their future sovereigns  This was after the early death of Joan's only brothers, Charles and Louis, in quick succession earlier in the year In 1404, Joan contracted smallpox and was treated by the Jewish doctor Abraham Comineto  During her regency she had her own personal salaried doctor, Salomon Gotheynno, also a Jew Joan governed Navarre in the name of her father while he was in Paris between 1409 and 1411  In 1412 she became Countess of Foix when her husband succeeded his father in the county  She died in the Principality of Béarn in July 1413, childless  Her younger sister Blanche became heir presumptive to the throne of Navarre, and succeeded their father Charles III on 8 September 1425 
Passage 8:
Sancha of Castile, Queen of Navarre
Sancha of Castile (c  1139–1179) was daughter of Alfonso VII of León and Castile and his first wife Berengaria of Barcelona  Sancha was the fifth child of seven born to her parents 
On 20 July 1153, Sancha married Sancho VI of Navarre  He is responsible for bringing his kingdom into the political orbit of Europe   As "la reyna de Navarra, filla del emperador" (the queen of Navarre, daughter of the Emperor) her August 1179 death was reported in the Annales Toledanos 

Issue
Sancho and Sancha's children were:

Sancho VII
Ferdinand
Ramiro, Bishop of Pamplona
Berengaria (died 1230 or 1232), married King Richard I of England
Constance
Blanche, married Count Theobald III of Champagne, then acted as regent of Champagne, and finally as regent of Navarre
TheresaSancha was buried in Pamplona 

Family tree
Passage 9:
Eleanor of Castile, Queen of Navarre
Eleanor of Castile (after 1363 – 1415/1416) was Queen of Navarre by marriage to King Charles III of Navarre  She acted as regent of Navarre during the absence of her spouse in France in 1397–1398, 1403–1406 and 1409–1411 

Biography
Early life
She was the daughter of King Henry II of Castile and his wife Juana Manuel of Castile, who was descended from a cadet branch of the Castilian royal house  Eleanor was a member of the House of Trastámara 
Eleanor was involved with plans to marry King Ferdinand I of Portugal in 1371, however he refused the match as he had secretly married the noblewoman Leonor Telles de Menezes 
She was betrothed in Burgos in 1373 to Prince Charles, the heir of King Charles II of Navarre  The couple was married at Soria in May 1375  A testament dated at Burgos on 29 May 1374 shows that King Henry II bequeathed property to his daughter Eleanor as a part of her dowry 

The Years in Castile
The marriage of Charles and Eleanor was marked by a number of unusual marital disputes  In 1388, Eleanor asked at a meeting between her husband and her brother John I of Castile for permission to retire for some time to her homeland of Castile in order to recover from an illness caught in Navarre  She believed this course of action would be best for her health  The two young daughters in her care at the time went with her  During their absence from Navarre, Eleanor and her children resided in Valladolid  By 1390, Eleanor bore two more daughters to Charles, and two years later, her husband requested her to return to Navarre because both of them needed to be crowned King and Queen of Navarre upon the death of her father-in-law King Charles II  Eleanor's brother King John supported the request of Charles III



ground_truth: Goring-on-Thames, Oxfordshire

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Where was the place of death of Sancha Of Castile, Queen Of Navarre's mother?

The following are given passages.
Context 3:  Eleanor did not consent, claiming that she was ill-treated in Navarre and believed members of the Navarrese nobility wished to poison her  As a result, Eleanor remained in Castile while her husband was crowned in February 1390 in Pamplona  By the end of the 1390s, Eleanor had born her husband six daughters, all of whom survived infancy, but no sons  For this reason, Eleanor handed her oldest daughter Joanna over to Charles III to be groomed for her future role as ruler of the Kingdom of Navarre 
On 9 October 1390, Eleanor's brother John died and was succeeded by his minor son Henry as king of Castile  Charles then requested Eleanor's return to Navarre again, but she refused once more  Eleanor opposed her nephew Henry's accession and she formed the League of Lillo along with her illegitimate half-brother Fadrique and her cousin Pedro  King Henry opposed the League, besieged Eleanor in her castle at Roa around mid-1394, and obliged her to return to her husband in February 1395 

Queen of Navarre
Eleanor became very involved in the political life of Navarre upon her return  Her relationship with her husband improved, and they had the long-awaited sons Charles and Louis  Both died young, however  On 3 June 1403, her coronation as Queen of Navarre took place in Pamplona  Upon several occasions when Charles stayed in France, Eleanor took to the role of regent  She also helped to maintain good relations between Navarre and Castile  As a result of these good relations, members of the Castillian nobility, including the Duke of Benavente and members of the powerful families of Dávalos, Mendoza and Zuñiga, settled in Navarre 
Upon the couple's absences, their daughter Joanna acted as regent, as she was heiress to the kingdom  Joanna died in 1413 without issue and in the lifetime of both her parents, therefore the succession turned to their second daughter Blanche, who would eventually succeed as Queen of Navarre upon Charles' death 
There is confusion surrounding Eleanor's death  She is believed to have died at Olite on 27 February 1415 or at Pamplona 5 March 1416  Her husband died in 1425, and they were buried together at Pamplona in the Cathedral of Santa María la Real 

Issue
Eleanor and Charles had eight children, five of which lived to adulthood:

Joanna (1382–1413), married John I, Count of Foix, no issue 
Blanche (1385-1441), married John II of Aragon, became Queen of Navarre and had issue 
Maria (1388–1406), died unmarried and childless 
Margaret (1390–1403), died young
Beatrice (1392–1412), married to James II, Count of La Marche, and had issue 
Isabella (1395–1435), married in 1419 to John IV of Armagnac, had issue; they were great-great grandparents of King Henry IV of France 
Charles (1397–1402), Prince of Viana, died young
Louis (1402), Prince of Viana, died young
Passage 10:
Blanche of Navarre, Countess of Champagne
Blanche of Navarre (c  1177–1229) was Countess of Champagne by marriage to Theobald III, Count of Champagne, and regent of Champagne during the minority of her son Theobald I of Navarre between 1201 and 1222 

Life
Early life
She was the youngest daughter of Sancho VI of Navarre and Sancha of Castile, who died in 1179, about two years after Blanche's birth  Her eldest brother, Sancho VII, succeeded their father and was the last agnatic descendant of the first dynasty of kings of Navarre, the Pamplona dynasty, dying childless  Her elder sister Berengaria married Richard I of England 
Blanche married Theobald III, Count of Champagne, on 1 July 1199 at Chartres, when she was 22-years-old and he was 20-years-old 

Regent of Champagne
Theobald III died young on 24 May 1201, leaving her pregnant  When she gave birth to a son on 30 May 1201, he immediately became Theobald IV, Count of Champagne (Theobald I of Navarre)  Blanche ruled the county as regent until Theobald turned 21 years old in 1222  The regency was plagued by a number of difficulties  Blanche's brother-in-law, count Henry II had left behind a great deal of debt  Henry was the elder son but had transferred the land to his younger brother, Theobald III  
Furthermore, their son Theobald IV's right to the succession of Champagne was challenged by Henry's daughter Philippa and her husband, Erard I of Brienne, Count of Ramerupt and one of the more powerful Champagne nobles   The conflict with the Briennes broke into open warfare in 1215, in what became known as the Champagne War of Succession, and was not resolved until after Theobald came of age in 1222  After the death of her husband, however, Blanche had taken immediate action to secure the county of Champagne for her son  She found King Philip at Sens and paid him homage, which was the first homage rendered by a countess  She did this to maintain wardship and the right over her lands and in exchange she promised to not marry without the king's permission  Prince Louis then proclaimed in a letter to Jean of Brienne, that neither he nor King Philip would hear a challenge against Theobald IV's claim until he was twenty-one  In this letter, Prince Louis also confirmed that Henry II did indeed transfer the land to his brother  At that time Theobald and Blanche bought out their rights for a substantial monetary payment  Blanche had also arranged the dowry of Henry II's elder daughter Alice of Champagne, when she married the young Hugh I of Cyprus  In the 1230s, in order to settle with Alice, Theobald IV had to sell his overlordship over the counties of Blois, Sancerre, and Châteaudun to Louis IX of France 
With her regency completed, in 1222 Blanche withdrew to the Cistercian convent of Argensolles, whose foundation she had funded herself, for her retirement 

Later years
Since some barons suspected Theobald for having a hand in the death of Louis VIII (in November 1226), Blanche of Castile withdrew his invitation to the coronation of Louis IX and proffered it to Blanche instead Blanche died on 13 March 1229, seven years after the end of her regency, at the age of 52  In her will she left 5 marks of gold to the Cathedral of Reims, which was used to build a statue to contain the Holy Milk of the Virgin After Blanche's death, her brother in retirement remained as King of Navarre and her son Theobald continued as Count of Champagne   Their eldest sister, Berengaria of Navarre, Queen of England (widow of Richard the Lionheart), died without issue in 1230, leaving Sancho as the sole surviving child of Sancho VI  When he died in 1234, Blanca's son Theobald IV of Champagne was recognized as the next King of Navarre   Theobald had married twice during Blanche's lifetime and had one daughter by the time of her death, who was also named Blanche 

Children

Blanche had two children with Theobald III of Champagne:

Marie – Blanche is noted as having borne an older daughter named Marie to Theobald III before his death in May 1201  References to this Marie in documentation are scant, but as Blanche was married in July 1199, Marie would have been under two years old at the time of her father's death  One of the conditions of Blanche's treaty with Philip II confirming her son's inheritance was that Marie had to be sent away to be raised in the royal court at Paris 
Theobald I of Navarre 


== Notes ==



ground_truth: Palencia