prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: What nationality is Princess Charlotte Of Saxe-Meiningen's husband?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
Georg, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen
Georg, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen (11 October 1892 – 6 January 1946) was the head of the house of Saxe-Meiningen from 1941 until his death 

Biography
He was born in Kassel the eldest son of Prince Frederick Johann of Saxe-Meiningen (1861-1914) and Countess Adelaide of Lippe-Biesterfeld (1870–1948)  His father was a son of Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen and his mother a daughter of Count Ernst of Lippe-Biesterfeld  Georg studied law at the Universities of Munich and Jena Georg suspended his studies to serve in World War I and saw action as a Captain in a cavalry regiment  His uncle Bernhard III abdicated on 10 November 1918 following the German Revolution as the German monarchies were abolished  After the war he resumed his law studies and for a time served as a substitute judge for the town of Hildburghausen in the Free State of Thuringia  On 1 May 1933 he joined the Nazis, becoming NSDAP member (# 2 594 794) 
After the death of his uncle Ernst on 29 December 1941, Georg succeeded to the headship of the house of Saxe-Meiningen and assumed the title of Duke of Saxe-Meiningen and style Georg III 
Georg died in the Russian prisoner of war camp near Cherepovets (Tscherepowetz in German) in Northern Russia  His heir was his second and only surviving son Prince Frederick Alfred who renounced the succession, being a monk in 1953, allowing it to pass to his uncle Bernhard 

Marriage and children
He was married in Freiburg im Breisgau on 22 February 1919 to Countess Klara Marie von Korff genannt Schmising-Kerssenbrock (Darmstadt, 31 May 1895 - Högerhof bei Türnitz, Lower Austria, 10 February 1992)  They had four children:

Ancestry
Passage 2:
Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (Gotha, 30 January 1745 – Gotha, 20 April 1804) was the reigning Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg from 1772 to 1804  He was the third but second surviving son of Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and Luise Dorothea of Saxe-Meiningen  The death of his older brother Frederick in 1756 made him the heir to the duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg 

Early life
Luise Dorothea was intensely worried about the training of her surviving sons, Ernest and her youngest son August, and had them educated by a select group of teachers  In 1768 and 1769, both princes went on an educational journey to the Netherlands, England and France, and Ernest met important people in politics, science and the arts 

Succession
In 1772 his father died, and Ernest inherited the duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg  As a liberal and enlightened prince, he was interested in the arts and sciences and used his reign to further them  He promoted the educational system, the economy, theatre, art collections and libraries as well as the natural sciences in his duchy, which was thereby ranked in the top place of the Saxon duchies in Thuringia  Privately, he was particularly interested in astronomy and physics  He appointed competent specialists in all of these areas like the mechanic and clockmaker Johann Andreas Klindworth to whom he granted the title of court mechanic For his special interests, he employed the services of the important astronomer Franz Xaver von Zach for Gotha  With him, he established the Observatory of Gotha (Sternwarte Gotha), which developed into a European centre of astronomy  His will stated that this institution should survive as the only visible indication of his existence  It was so successful that Gotha, despite its size, was thought of as a place that important people of the time should visit  One such person was Goethe, who visited several times 

Freemasonry
From 1774 he was a Freemason in the Zinnendorf system and a member of the Gotha Lodge Zum Rautenkranz, which had been founded by Abel Seyler, Konrad Ekhof and other members of the Seyler Theatre Company in the same year  In 1775, he was appointed Grand Master of the Landesloge of Germany (Zinnendorf system)  In 1783, he became a member of the Bavarian Illuminati under the name of Quintus Severus and/or Timoleon, and in 1784, he was made Supervisor of Abessinien (a name for Upper Saxony)  In 1787, he granted Adam Weishaupt, the founder of the secret society, asylum in Gotha  He was buried wrapped in a white cloth on the park island 

Descendants
In Meiningen on 21 March 1769, Ernest married Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Meiningen, the half-first cousin of his mother  They had four sons:

Ernest (b  Gotha, 27 February 1770 – d  Gotha, 3 December 1779) 
Emil Leopold August, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (b  Gotha, 23 November 1772 – d  Gotha, 27 May 1822), known as Augustus 
Frederick IV, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (b  Gotha, 28 November 1774 – d  Gotha, 11 February 1825) 
Ludwig (b  Gotha, 21 October 1777 – d  Gotha, 26 October 1777) 

Ancestors
Passage 3:
Karl Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
August Friedrich Karl Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen (Frankfurt, 19 November 1754 – Sonneberg, 21 July 1782), was a duke of Saxe-Meiningen 

Family
He was the first son of Anton Ulrich, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen and Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Philippsthal 

Reign
August Friedrich succeeded his father in the duchy of Saxe-Meiningen (1763) when he was only eight years old  Because of this, his mother, the Dowager Duchess Charlotte Amalie, acted as regent during his minority, which ended in 1779  He was succeeded by his last younger surviving brother, Georg 

Marriage
In Gedern on 5 June 1780, Karl Wilhelm married Louise of Stolberg-Gedern  They had no children  The widowed Louise later married Duke Eugen of Württemberg and had issue 

Ancestry
Passage 4:
Princess Feodora of Saxe-Meiningen
Princess Feodora of Saxe-Meiningen (Feodora Viktoria Auguste Marie Marianne; 12 May 1879 – 26 August 1945) was born at Potsdam, the only child of Bernhard III, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, and his wife, Princess Charlotte of Prussia (the eldest daughter of Frederick III, German Emperor, and Victoria, Princess Royal)  Feodora was the first great-grandchild of both Queen Victoria of Great Britain and Emperor William I of Germany 

Early life
Princess Feodora was born on 12 May 1879 as the only child of Bernhard, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Meiningen, and his wife Princess Charlotte of Prussia, herself the eldest daughter of German Crown Prince Frederick William and Crown Princess Victoria  The new baby was the first grandchild of the Crown Prince and Princess, and through her mother was also the first great-grandchild of the British Queen Victoria Charlotte, who loved to socialize, had hated being pregnant, believing that it limited her activities  Preferring to return to enjoying social life in Berlin, she declared after Feodora's birth that she would have no further children, dismaying her mother, Crown Princess Victoria  It was unusual to be an only child in European royal families, and Feodora likely endured a lonely childhood  Charlotte loved to travel, and often left her daughter with Vicky at Friedrichshof, whom she viewed as the source of a convenient nursery  The Crown Princess, for her part, loved having the chance to spend time with her eldest granddaughter  Describing Feodora on one visit, she wrote that "she is really a good little child, & far easier to manage than her Mama" Victoria, who became German empress in 1888, perceived a deficit in Feodora's upbringing and gradually became concerned about the girl's physical appearance and mental development, describing the thirteen-year-old as possessing "sharp pinched features" and an unusually short stature  Feodora also cared little for her studies, preferring instead to discuss fashion  Her grandmother, who placed a high value on education, blamed insufficient parental guidance for the girl's lack of studiousness, commenting that the "atmosphere of her home is not the best for a child of her age    With Charlotte for an example, what else can one expect    Her parents are rarely ever at home or together    She hardly knows what home life is!"Queen Victoria was fond of her eldest great-grandchild  In June 1887, the young Feodora and her parents attended the queen's  Golden Jubilee in London  While her parents stayed at Buckingham Palace, Feodora stayed with her young cousin Princess Alice of Battenberg at the home of the Dowager Duchess of Buccleuch at Whitehall, allowing the girls to watch the royal procession as it made its way to Westminster Abbey  Queen Victoria described her as "sweet little Feo, who is so good and I think grown quite pretty  We were delighted to have her and I think the dear child has enjoyed herself "

Marriage
As Feodora grew older, her marriage began to be a consideration  The exiled Prince Peter Karađorđević, thirty-six years older than Feodora, proposed himself as a suitor, though this was likely a bid to gain support for succeeding to the Serbian throne  Charlotte declared that "for such a throne Feodora is far too good"  Her mother's maternal first cousin Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, the only son of Charlotte's friend (and Feodora's maternal grandaunt) the Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, was also considered Several months after returning from Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee celebrations in June 1897, Feodora became engaged to Prince Heinrich XXX Reuss of Köstritz (1864-1939), with the betrothal announced in early October  Born in Castle Neuhoff, he was the youngest son of Prince Heinrich IX Reuss of Köstritz (1827-1898) and Baroness Anne Marie Wilhelmine Helene of Zedlitz und Leipe (1829-1907)  Henry's father died in early 1898, forcing a temporary postponement of the marriage  Rumours that the marriage had been cancelled proved to be untrue, and they married at Breslau on 24 September 1898 in  a Lutheran ceremony  Princess Feodora was the only great-grandchild of Queen Victoria and only grandchild of German Empress Victoria to be married in their lifetimes; she married in 1898 and both the Queen and the German Empress died in 1901 
Prince Henry was a captain in the Brunswick Infantry Regiment No  92, though not particularly wealthy or high-ranked  Feodora's grandmother Empress Victoria was surprised at the choice of groom, particularly his lack of position, but observed that the bride at least seemed happy  Of the fifteen-year age gap, Victoria commented, "I am very glad he is older than she is, and if he is wise and steady and firm, he may do her a vast deal of good, and it may turn out very well, but she has had a strange example in her mother, and is a strange little creature " The historian John Van der Kiste writes that Feodora was "evidently besotted" with her new husband, and she likely also sought marriage as an escape from her "irksome home life" Once returned from their honeymoon, Henry spent much of his time on duty with his regiment, while Feodora joined a reading group and attended the opera and theatre in Berlin  Feodora also often accompanied her husband during his military assignments, travelling throughout Germany 

Last years
Feodora suffered most of her adult life from ill health, describing it as "the old story" of her life  Like her mother and maternal grandmother, and maternal great grandmother Feodora's illnesses included dizziness, insomnia, nausea, various pains, paralysis, constipation, and diarrhoea  She underwent several operations to treat her illnesses and alleviate her infertility, each without success Feodora visited Windsor Castle in 1900, which would be the last time she saw her great-grandmother before Queen Victoria's death the following year  Henry attended her funeral, but ill health kept Feodora from attending  Feodora blamed malaria for her condition, though Charlotte told family members that Henry had given his wife a venereal disease, an allegation Feodora furiously denied  Charlotte asked her daughter to get tested by Charlotte's personal physician; when Feodora refused, it confirmed to Charlotte that her beliefs were correct  In reaction, Feodora refused to enter her mother's house and complained to family members of Charlotte's "incredible" actions In 1903, the couple moved to Flensburg upon Henry being transferred, where they lived in a small house  Feodora found that the region's mild climate had a positive impact on her health  To further improve it and increase the probability of becoming pregnant, she took pills of arsenic and thorium  Her poor health recurred, however, and she again began suffering from toothache and migraines  In October 1904, a serious illness was blamed on influenza  Her further efforts to conceive included numerous visits to private clinics through the years, which often led to painful surgeries and procedures 

Two World Wars
With the outbreak of World War I, Henry was dispatched to the Western Front, while his wife opened a small hospital to treat wounded soldiers  By this stage, relations between him and his wife had deteriorated; Henry believed Feodora enjoyed complaining about being sick and seeing doctors  He wrote that her illness "consists mainly in complete lack of energy and mental apathy", and complained that "she grossly exaggerates her illnesses and causes me and others quite unnecessary anxiety"  Henry died in 1939 
After the war concluded with Germany's defeat, Feodora's father's rule over the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen was ended  Her post-war life is mostly unknown, and records of her subsequent medical history have mainly been lost  She spent her final years at the Sanatorium Buchwald-Hohenwiese, near Hirschberg, Silesia, in what is now southwestern Poland  She died by suicide on 26 August 1945, dying shortly after World War II ended  In describing Feodora's life, the historian John Van der Kiste writes that "the princess who had so desperately wanted children of her own had instead continued to battle with constant physical ailments, insomnia and severe depression, and endured many years of ill-health similar to that of her mother" 

Medical analysis
In the 1990s, the historian John Röhl and his colleagues Martin Warren and David Hunt found Feodora's grave in Poland, exhuming the body for DNA analysis in the belief that it would reveal signs of the genetic disease porphyria however, it was proved inconclusive 

Ancestry
Passage 5:
Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Meiningen
Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Meiningen (German: Marie Charlotte Amalie Ernestine Wilhelmine Philippine, Prinzessin von Sachsen-Meiningen) (11 September 1751, Frankfurt am Main, Free Imperial City of Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire – 25 April 1827, Genoa, Kingdom of Sardinia) was a member of the House of Saxe-Meiningen and a Princess of Saxe-Meiningen by birth and a member of the House of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and Duchess consort of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg through her marriage to Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg 

Early life and family
Princess Charlotte was born on 
11 September 1751  She was the eldest child and daughter of Anton Ulrich, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen and his second wife, Landgravine Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Philippsthal  Charlotte was an elder sister of Charles William, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen and George I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen 

Marriage
Charlotte married Ernest, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (later Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg), son of Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and his wife Luise Dorothea of Saxe-Meiningen, on 21 March 1769 in Meiningen  Charlotte and Ernest had four children:

Ernest, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (b  Gotha, 27 February 1770 – d  Gotha, 3 December 1779) 
Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (b  Gotha, 23 November 1772 – d  Gotha, 27 May 1822)
Frederick IV, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (b  Gotha, 28 November 1774 – d  Gotha, 11 February 1825) 
Prince Ludwig of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (b  Gotha, 21 October 1777 – d  Gotha, 26 October 1777) Charlotte's husband, Ernest, was regarded as an enlightened monarch and a great patron of art and science, who led his country into a cultural flowering  He was assisted in his cultural undertakings by his wife, Charlotte 
Like her husband, Charlotte was a patron of astronomy  She counted relief panels for the court astronomer Franz Xaver von Zach and she also participated in observations  Charlotte also participated in the First European Astronomy Congress in 1798 at the Seeberg Observatory and independently corresponded with the leading astronomers of her time 

Later life
After her husband's death in 1804, there were difficulties with Charlotte's son, Augustus, upon his succession  Charlotte left Gotha with Zach and spent some time in Eisenberg  Later she traveled with Zach throughout southern Europe and lived several years in Marseilles, and later in Genoa, where she died in 1827 

Ancestry
Passage 6:
Bernhard, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen
Bernhard, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen (German: Bernhard, Prinz von Sachsen-Meiningen; 30 June 1901 – 4 October 1984) was the head of the House of Saxe-Meiningen from 1946 until his death 

Prince of Saxe-Meiningen
Bernhard was born in Köln the third son of Prince Frederick Johann of Saxe-Meiningen and Countess Adelaide of Lippe-Biesterfeld  His father was the second son of Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen and his mother a daughter of Count Ernst of Lippe-Biesterfeld 
After the death of his older brother Prince Georg in 1946 his nephew Prince Frederick Alfred renounced his succession rights and so Bernhard succeeded to the headship of the house of Saxe-Meiningen and the nominal title of Duke of Saxe-Meiningen (as Bernhard IV) 
As his first marriage was morganatic his second son Prince Frederick Konrad succeeded him as head of the ducal house following his death in Bad Krozingen 
Bernhard and his first wife were declared guilty of a Nazi conspiracy against Austria in 1933; he was sentenced to six weeks in prison, while she was placed under house arrest  After intervention of the German envoy, he was released from prison, upon which they escaped to Italy  Three weeks later he was arrested while trying to return to his castle of Pitzelstaetten

Family
Bernhard was married morganatically to Margot Grössler (1911–1998), a merchant's daughter from Breslau (today: Wrocław) in Eichenhof im Riesengebirge on 25 April 1931  This union ended in divorce on 10 June 1947  They had two children, both of whom had no succession rights:

Princess Feodora of Saxe-Meiningen (27 April 1932) she married Burkhard Kippenberg on 6 April 1967  They have one son:
Walter Johannes Kippenberg (27 January 1968)
Prince Frederick Ernest of Saxe-Meiningen  (21 January 1935 – 13 July 2004) he married Ehrengard von Massow on 3 March 1962  He remarried Princess Beatrice of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha on 12 June 1977  They have two children and one grandson:
Princess Marie Alexandra of Saxe-Meiningen (5 July 1978) married Benno Beat Christian Wiedmer on 27 July 2004 
Prince Friedrich Constantin of Saxe-Meiningen (3 June 1980) He has one son with Sophia Lupus:
Michael of Saxe-Meiningen (July 2015)Bernhard married secondly in Ziegenberg über Bad Nauheim on 11 August 1948 to Baroness Vera Schäffer von Bernstein (1914–1994)  They had three children, whose son Konrad with full rights to the succession to the house of Saxe-Meiningen:

Princess Eleonore Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen (9 November 1950) she married Peter Eric Rosden on 22 October 1982 
Prince Frederick Konrad of Saxe-Meiningen (14 April 1952)
Princess Almut of Saxe-Meiningen (25 September 1959) she married Eberhard von Braunschweig on 16 October 1993  They have two children:
Marie Cecilie von Braunschweig (4 August 1994)
Julius-Alexander von Braunschweig (20 October 1996)

Ancestry
Passage 7:
Princess Marie Elisabeth of Saxe-Meiningen
Princess Marie Elisabeth of Saxe-Meiningen (23 September 1853 – 22 February 1923) was the only daughter of Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, by his first wife, Princess Charlotte of Prussia  She was notable as a musician and composer  One of her most famous works is Romanze in F major for clarinet and piano 

Early life
Princess Marie Elisabeth was born on 23 September 1853 in Potsdam  She was the third child and only daughter of Georg, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Meiningen, by his first wife, Princess Charlotte of Prussia, and had one surviving brother, Hereditary Prince Bernhard  Her parents' marriage was very happy, as it was the rare instance of a love match rather than a marriage of state  In 1855, tragedy struck with the death of their younger infant brother; Charlotte died three months later of complications after childbirth of a baby son, two months earlier  This youngest brother died, one day old  Georg was inconsolable, but remarried several years later to Princess Feodora of Hohenlohe-Langenburg in order to provide a mother for his remaining young children  Marie Elisabeth's father succeeded as Duke Georg II of Saxe-Meiningen in 1866  His second marriage was unhappy; it produced three younger brothers (Ernst, Friedrich, and Viktor) for Marie Elisabeth before Feodora's death in 1872 Marie Elisabeth's father participated in the Franco-Prussian War, where he fought in nearly every battle  After the war, Georg II devoted himself to the stage, and his court became famous for its brilliance and culture  A year after Feodora's death, Georg II married for a third and last time to Ellen Franz, a stage actress  A happy marriage, together they founded the Meiningen Ensemble, which became the centre for dramatic art in Germany 

Music
As her father was a great patron of the stage and the founder of a national theater, Marie Elisabeth was raised in this environment, consequently becoming artistic and a great lover of music like her parents  She received a thorough education under the tutelage of Theodor Kirchner, a talented pianist  Her father was a great patron of German composer and pianist Johannes Brahms, who worked as a music teacher in Meiningen for various pupils, including Marie Elisabeth, whom he gave piano lessons to  In addition to Brahms, Marie Elisabeth was in close contact with other famous musicians, such as Richard Strauss, Franz Mannstädt, and Hans von Bülow 
Marie Elisabeth was a student of the Conservatorium; she and Prince Alexander of Hesse, another royal pupil of Brahms, celebrated the birthday of musician Joachim Raff in Frankfurt in 1886  There, they interpreted Brahm's Sonata (Op  78) for pianoforte and violin in a special feature for the ceremony  At the 1878 wedding of her elder brother Bernhard to Princess Charlotte of Prussia, eldest daughter of German Crown Prince Frederick William, Marie Elisabeth composed a piece of music specially meant for the occasion entitled torch dance 
As of 1913, Marie Elisabeth was the author of Einzugsmarsch for orchestra, Fackeltanz for piano as well as several other piano compositions  She also wrote a "pretty" Cradle Song for violin and piano, and, in 1892, she produced a Romanze in F major for clarinet and piano which had been influenced by Brahms' teachings  At her residence in Berchtesgaden, Marie Elisabeth received a regular circle of artists and encouraged talented singers by financing their education 
Marie Elisabeth died on 22 February 1923 in Obersendling  She never married, and is buried in the cemetery park in Meiningen 

Ancestry
Passage 8:
Princess Louise Eleonore of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Princess Louise Eleonore of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (11 August 1763, in Langenburg – 30 April 1837, in Meiningen) was a German regent   She was duchess of Saxe-Meiningen by marriage to George I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, and Regent of Saxe-Meiningen during the minority of her son from 1803 to 1821 

Life
Louise Eleonore was a daughter of Prince Christian Albert Louis of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1726-1789) and his wife Princess Caroline of Stolberg-Gedern (1732–1796) 
On 27 November 1782, in Langenburg, she married George I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen 

Regency
When her husband died on 24 December 1803, she took over as regent of the duchy for their son Bernhard II  She ruled with energy, courage, and good sense during the Napoleonic Wars, which for the next decade ravaged the Saxon states The duchy was forced to join the Confederation of the Rhine during these Wars and provide it with troops; afterwards the duchy was struck with famine, which Luise sought to prevent by importing wheat   French armies, and later those of Russia, marched back and forth across the country, but Luise refused to flee; she stayed with her infant son and two daughters inside their castle She used every strategy to preserve the autonomy of her regency, so that when she joined the Allies in 1813, she had saved the duchy for her son  He became the ruling Duke of Meiningen eight years later By adjustments in the duchy's administration she ensured the duchy was better managed and in 1821 opened the Gymnasium Bernhardinum in Meiningen (already begun by her husband)  
Her children were carefully educated, with a grand tour to Italy under their tutor Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi   After her son came of age, Luise retired as regent and went on several foreign trips, including one to England to visit her daughter Adelaide 

Issue
Adelheid  (later Adelaide, 13 August 1792 – 2 December 1849), with whom Luise had a very close relationship; in 1818 she married King William IV of the United Kingdom while Luise was regent and special taxes needed to be instituted in the duchy to raise funds for her enormous dowry (6,000 florins per year) 
Ida (25 June 1794 – 4 April 1852), married Prince Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach 
Stillborn daughter (16 October 1796) 
Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, (17 December 1800 – 3 December 1882), married Princess Marie Frederica of Hesse-Kassel (1804–1888) 

Ancestry
Passage 9:
Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen (16 February 1679 in Ichtershausen – 10 March 1746 in Meiningen), was a duke of Saxe-Meiningen 

Life
He was the fifth son of Bernhard I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen and his first wife, Marie Hedwig of Hesse-Darmstadt 
When his father died in 1706, according to his will, he inherited the duchy of Saxe-Meiningen with his older full-brother, Ernst Ludwig I, and his younger half-brother, Anton Ulrich 
But, shortly after, Ernst Ludwig signed a contract between himself and his brothers, and they were compelled to leave full control of the duchy in his hands 
When Ernst Ludwig died (1724), Friedrich Wilhelm and Anton Ulrich took again the government of the duchy as guardians of his nephews until 1733 
After the death of his nephew, Karl Frederick (1743), he inherited the duchy of Saxe-Meiningen 
Friedrich Wilhelm never married and died after only three years of reigning  He was succeeded by his younger half-brother, Anton Ulrich 

Ancestors
Passage 10:
Bernhard III, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
Bernhard III (German: Bernhard Friedrich Wilhelm Albrecht Georg; 1 April 1851 – 16 January 1928), was the last reigning duke of Saxe-Meiningen 

Biography
Bernhard was born on 1 April 1851 at Meiningen in what was then the German Confederation,
as the eldest son of Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen and his first wife Princess Charlotte of Prussia Bernhard had one full sister, Princess Marie Elisabeth, and several half-brothers by his father's second marriage  
From 1860 Bernhard was schooled by a Prof  Rossmann before he went to study at Heidelberg University in 1869  For the war against France he interrupted his studies and served as Ordonnanz-Offizier  After the war ended he resumed his studies at Leipzig  From 1873 he again served in the military and rose into the highest echelons: By 1905 he was Generaloberst and inspector general of the 2nd Army Inspection (Central Germany)  In 1909, he became Generaloberst im Range eines Generalfeldmarschalls and retired from active service in 1912 

He married in Berlin on 18 February 1878 Princess Charlotte of Prussia, his second cousin, daughter of Frederick III, German Emperor and granddaughter of the Queen Victoria  They had one daughter: Princess Feodora of Saxe-Meiningen (b  Potsdam, 12 May 1879 - d  Schloß Neuhoff, 26 August 1945), married on 24 September 1898 to Heinrich XXX of Reuss-Köstritz 

Reign
Bernhard assumed the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen after the death of his father in 1914  With the start of World War I Bernhard hoped to be assigned command over an army but was disappointed  In reaction he also withdrew from his role in the Duchy's government After Germany lost the war, the German revolution forced Bernhard to abdicate as duke on 10 November 1918  Like all the German princes he lost his title and state  He spent the rest of his life in his former country as a private citizen Bernhard died on 16 January 1928 in Meiningen  He is buried next to his wife in the park at Altenstein 

Interests
Despite his military career he also took a great interest in the arts  He was active as a composer, poet and translator  He was known in particular as an expert on Modern Greek and was renowned for translating German literature into Greek  For his historical studies, for which he repeatedly travelled to Greece and Asia Minor, the University of Breslau awarded him an honorary doctorate 

Honours
Ernestine duchies: Grand Cross of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order, 1869; Joint Grand Master, 25 June 1914
 Kingdom of Prussia:Iron Cross (1870), 2nd Class
Grand Commander's Cross of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern, 2 April 1877
Knight of the Order of the Black Eagle, 23 April 1877; with Collar, 1878
 Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach: Grand Cross of the Order of the White Falcon, 1870
 Grand Duchy of Hesse: Grand Cross of the Grand Ducal Hessian Order of Ludwig, 18 February 1878
 Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold (military division), 25 February 1878
 Oldenburg: Grand Cross of the House and Merit Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig, with Crown in Gold, 18 February 1878
 Baden:Knight of the House Order of Fidelity, 1881
Knight of the Order of Berthold the First, 1881
 Kingdom of Saxony: Knight of the Order of the Rue Crown, 1885
  Austria-Hungary: Grand Cross of the Royal Hungarian Order of St  Stephen, 1887
 United Kingdom: Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath (civil division), 21 June 1887
 Empire of Japan: Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum, 5 February 1896
 Russian Empire: Knight of the Imperial Order of St  Alexander Nevsky, 1896

Ancestry
Context 2: Passage 1:
Carry On Dick
Carry On Dick is a 1974 British comedy film, the 26th release in the series of 31 Carry On films (1958–1992)  The story is based on the Dick Turpin legend and features Turpin (James) as an antihero, attempting to evade capture by the authorities 
Carry On Dick was released in July 1974 and marked the end of an era for the series  It features the last appearances of Sid James (after nineteen appearances in the series), Hattie Jacques (fourteen appearances) and Barbara Windsor (nine appearances), although all three would appear in the Carry On Laughing TV series and Windsor would co-present a film compilation, That's Carry On!  It was the first of two Carry On appearances for Sam Kelly and the final Carry On film for Margaret Nolan (six appearances) and Bill Maynard (five appearances)  It was the 20th and final Carry On to be scripted by Talbot Rothwell  Other regulars in Carry On Dick were Kenneth Williams, Bernard Bresslaw, Joan Sims, Kenneth Connor, Peter Butterworth and Jack Douglas  The film was followed by Carry On Behind 1975 

Plot
In the year 1750, England is rife with crime and highway robbers  To stop the wave of chaos, King George II sets up the first professional police force named the Bow Street Runners, under the command of the bellowing Sir Roger Daley (Bernard Bresslaw), and seconded by Captain Desmond Fancey (Kenneth Williams) and Sergeant Jock Strapp (Jack Douglas)  The Runners are apparently successful in wiping out crime and lawlessness – using all manner of traps and tricks to round the criminals up  However their main target is the notorious Richard "Big Dick" Turpin (Sid James), a highwayman who has evaded capture and succeeded in even robbing Sir Roger and his prim wife (Margaret Nolan) of their money and clothing  After this humiliation, Turpin becomes the Bow Street Runners' most wanted man, and thus Captain Fancey is assigned to go undercover and catch the famous Dick Turpin and bring him to justice 
The Bow Street Runners nearly succeed in apprehending Turpin and his two partners in crime, Harriet (Barbara Windsor) and Tom (Peter Butterworth), one evening as they hold up a coach carrying faux-French show-woman, Madame Desiree (Joan Sims), and her unladylike daughters, "The Birds of Paradise " However, Turpin manages to outsmart the Runners, sending them away in Madam Desiree's coach 
Outraged by Strapp's incompetence, Captain Fancey travels with the sergeant to the village of Upper Dencher near to where the majority of Turpin's hold-ups are carried out  There they encounter the mild-mannered Reverend Flasher, who is really Turpin in disguise, with Tom as his church assistant and Harriet as his maidservant  They confide in the rector their true identities and their scheme to apprehend Turpin  They agree to meet at the seedy Old Cock Inn, a notorious hang-out for criminals and sleazy types, and where Desiree and her showgirls are performing  Fancey and Strapp pose as two on-the-run crooks – and Strapp dubs his superior "Dandy Desmond" – and they hear from the greasy old hag, Maggie (Marianne Stone), a midwife who removed buckshot from Turpin's buttock, that Turpin has a curious birthmark on his manhood  Strapp wastes no time in carrying out an inspection in the public convenience of the Old Cock Inn 
When the rector arrives, he discovers their knowledge of the birthmark, and sweet talks Desiree into assisting him with the capture of "Turpin", whom the rector has told Desiree is actually Fancey, who is sitting downstairs in the bar  She lures him to her room and attempts to undress him, with the help of her wild daughters  The girls pull down his breeches but fail to find an incriminating birthmark, and Desmond staggers half-undressed into the bar  Strapp is also dumped into a horse trough for peeping at the men in the toilets 
Strapp and Fancey send a message to Sir Roger about the birthmark, and are accosted by Harriet in disguise who tells them to meet Turpin that night at ten o'clock  Meanwhile, Tom tells the local constable that he knows where Turpin will be that night – at the location Harriet told Strapp and Fancey to wait  Thus, they are imprisoned as Turpin and his mate, and Sir Roger is yet again robbed on his way to see the prisoners 
However things fall apart when the rector's housekeeper, Martha Hoggett (Hattie Jacques) begins to put two and two together when Mrs Giles (Patsy Rowlands), apparently sick and used for a cover-up story for Dick's raids, is seen fit and well at the church jumble sale  Later that day, Harriet is caught at the Old Cock Inn where Fancey, Strapp and Daley are meeting and Fancey recognises her as the "man" who conned them into being caught  She is chased into Desiree's room and is told to undress to show the infamous birthmark  However, they soon realise she is a woman and are prepared to let her go, but lock her up after Lady Daley recognises a bracelet that Harriet is wearing as one Turpin stole from her 
With the net tightening, the Reverend Flasher gives an elongated sermon before outwitting his would-be captors and making a speedy getaway, with Harriett and Tom, across the border 

Cast
Crew
Screenplay – Talbot Rothwell
Treatment – Lawrie Wyman & George Evans
Music – Eric Rogers
Production Manager – Roy Goddard
Art Director – Lionel Couch
Editor – Alfred Roome
Director of Photography – Ernest Steward
Camera Operator – Jimmy Devis
Continuity – Jane Buck
Assistant Director – David Bracknell
Sound Recordists – Danny Daniel & Ken Barker
Make-up – Geoffrey Rodway
Hairdresser – Stella Rivers
Costume Design – Courtenay Elliott
Set Dresser – Charles Bishop
Dubbing Editor – Peter Best
Horse Master – Gerry Wain
Assistant Editor – Jack Gardner
Casting Director – John Owen
Stills Cameraman – Tom Cadman
Wardrobe Mistresses – Vi Murray & Maggie Lewin
Coach & Horses – George Mossman
Titles – GSE Ltd
Processor – Rank Film Laboratories
Producer – Peter Rogers
Director – Gerald Thomas

Filming and locations
Filming dates – 4 March-11 April 1974Interiors:

Pinewood Studios, BuckinghamshireExteriors:

Countryside and woodland near Pinewood Studios at Black Park, Iver Heath, Buckinghamshire
The Jolly Woodman Pub, Iver Heath, Buckinghamshire
Stoke Poges Manor, Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire
St Mary's Church, Burnham, Buckinghamshire

Bibliography
Davidson, Andy (2012)  Carry On Confidential  London: Miwk  ISBN 978-1-908630-01-8 
Sheridan, Simon (2011)  Keeping the British End Up – Four Decades of Saucy Cinema  London: Titan Books  ISBN 978-0-85768-279-6 
Webber, Richard (2009)  50 Years of Carry On  London: Arrow  ISBN 978-0-09-949007-4 
Hudis, Norman (2008)  No Laughing Matter  London: Apex  ISBN 978-1-906358-15-0 
Keeping the British End Up: Four Decades of Saucy Cinema by Simon Sheridan (third edition) (2007) (Reynolds & Hearn Books)
Ross, Robert (2002)  The Carry On Companion  London: Batsford  ISBN 978-0-7134-8771-8 
Bright, Morris; Ross, Robert (2000)  Mr Carry On – The Life & Work of Peter Rogers  London: BBC Books  ISBN 978-0-563-55183-6 
Rigelsford, Adrian (1996)  Carry On Laughing – a celebration  London: Virgin  ISBN 1-85227-554-5 
Hibbin, Sally & Nina (1988)  What a Carry On  London: Hamlyn  ISBN 978-0-600-55819-4 
Eastaugh, Kenneth (1978)  The Carry On Book  London: David & Charles  ISBN 978-0-7153-7403-0 
Passage 2:
Carry On Emmannuelle
Carry On Emmannuelle is a 1978 British comedy film, the 30th release in the series of 31 Carry On films (1958–1992)  The film was to be the final Carry On for many regulars, including Kenneth Williams (in his 26th Carry On), Kenneth Connor (in his 17th), Joan Sims (in her 24th) and Peter Butterworth (in his 16th)  Jack Douglas is the only regular from this film to bridge the gap to Carry On Columbus  Beryl Reid, Henry McGee and Suzanne Danielle make their only appearances in the series here  The film featured a change in style, becoming more openly sexual and explicit  This was highlighted by the implied behaviour of Danielle's character, though she does not bare any more flesh than any other Carry On female lead  These changes brought the film closer to the then popular series of X-rated Confessions    comedies, or indeed the actual Emmanuelle films that it parodies  This film, as well as the original cut of Carry On England were the only films in the series to be certified AA by the British Board of Film Censors, which restricted audiences to those aged 14 and over  The film was followed by the final installment of the series Carry On Columbus 1992 

Plot
Emmannuelle Prévert (Suzanne Danielle) relieves the boredom of a flight on Concorde by seducing timid Theodore Valentine (Larry Dann)  She returns home to London to surprise her husband, the French ambassador, Émile Prevert (Kenneth Williams) but first surprises the butler, Lyons (Jack Douglas)  He removes her coat, only to find that she has left her dress on the aircraft  The chauffeur, Leyland (Kenneth Connor), housekeeper, Mrs Dangle (Joan Sims), and aged boot-boy, Richmond (Peter Butterworth), sense saucy times ahead… and they are right! Émile is dedicated to his bodybuilding, leaving a sexually frustrated Emmannuelle to find pleasure with everyone from the Lord Chief Justice (Llewellyn Rees) to chat show host, Harold Hump (Henry McGee)  Theodore is spurned by Emmannuelle, who has genuinely forgotten their airborne encounter, and, despite reassurances from his mother (Beryl Reid), exacts revenge by revealing Emmannuelle's antics to the press  However, after a visit to her doctor (Albert Moses), she discovers that she is pregnant and decides to settle down to a faithful marriage with Émile… and dozens of children 

Cast
Kenneth Williams as Émile Prévert
Suzanne Danielle as Emmannuelle Prévert
Kenneth Connor as Leyland
Jack Douglas as Lyons
Joan Sims as Mrs  Dangle
Peter Butterworth as Richmond
Larry Dann as Theodore Valentine
Beryl Reid as Mrs  Valentine
Henry McGee as Harold Hump
Victor Maddern as Man in Launderette
Dino Shafeek as Immigration Officer
Eric Barker as Ancient General
Joan Benham as Cynical Lady
Albert Moses as Doctor
Robert Dorning as Prime Minister
Steve Plytas as Arabian Official
Michael Nightingale as Police Commissioner
Bruce Boa as U S  Ambassador
Llewellyn Rees as Lord Chief Justice
Jack Lynn as Admiral
Claire Davenport as Blonde in Pub
Norman Mitchell as Drunken Husband
Tricia Newby as Nurse in Surgery
James Fagan as Concorde Steward
Malcolm Johns as Sentry
Howard Nelson as Harry Hernia
Tim Brinton as BBC Newscaster
Corbett Woodall as ITN Newscaster
Marianne Maskell as Nurse in Hospital
Louise Burton as Girl at Zoo
Gertan Klauber as German Soldier
John Carlin as French Parson
Guy Ward as Dandy
John Hallet as Substitute Football Player
Deborah Brayshaw as French Buxom Blonde
Suzanna East as Colette
Bruce Wylie as Football Referee
Philip Clifton as Injured Footballer
Stanley McGeagh as Fleet Street Journalist
Bill Hutchinson as 1st Reporter
Neville Ware as 2nd Reporter
Jane Norman as 3rd reporter
Nick White as Sent-off Footballer

Crew
Screenplay – Lance Peters
Music – Eric Rogers
Song – Kenny Lynch
Performers – Masterplan
Director of Photography – Alan Hume
Editor – Peter Boita
Art Director – Jack Sampan
Production Manager – Roy Goddard
Camera Operator – Godfrey Godar
Make-up – Robin Grantham
Production Executive for Cleves – Donald Langdon
Assistant Director – Gregory Dark
Sound Recordists – Danny Daniel & Otto Snel
Continuity – Marjorie Lavelly
Wardrobe – Margaret Lewin
Stills Cameraman – Ken Bray
Hairdresser – Betty Sherriff
Costume Designer – Courtenay Elliott
Set Dresser – John Hoesli
Assistant Editor – Jack Gardner
Dubbing Editor – Peter Best
Titles & Opticals – GSE Ltd
Processor – Technicolor Ltd
Producer – Peter Rogers
Director – Gerald Thomas

Filming and locations
Filming dates – 10 April-15 May 1978Interiors:

Pinewood Studios, BuckinghamshireExteriors:

Wembley, London
Trafalgar Square, London
Oxford Street, London
London Zoo, London

Critical reception
Critical response was universally negative, even more so than Carry on England which preceded it, and Carry On Columbus which succeeded it 14 years later  Philip French said of it: "This relentless sequence of badly-written, badly-timed dirty jokes is surely one of the most morally and aesthetically offensive pictures to emerge from a British studio " Christopher Tookey considered the film to be "embarrassingly feeble" Whilst many other Carry Ons have continued to be popular, opinions of Carry on Emmannuelle and its immediate predecessor and successor have not improved over the passing of time, and Carry On Emmannuelle is universally considered to be the worst film in the series  Tom Cole, writing in the Radio Times, found it "undignified" and "laugh-free", noting that the Lolita-esque performance of Suzanne Danielle was "unintentionally creepy"  And both Cole and Ian Freer, writing for Empire, laid the blame for the death of the series squarely at the film's door 

Notes
Passage 3:
Carry On Jack
Carry On Jack is a 1964 British comedy film, the eighth in the series of 31 Carry On films (1958–1992)  Most of the usual Carry On team are missing from this film: only Kenneth Williams and Charles Hawtrey appear throughout, with Jim Dale making a cameo appearance as a sedan chair carrier  Bernard Cribbins makes the first of his three appearances in a Carry On  Juliet Mills, Donald Houston and Cecil Parker make their only Carry on appearances in this film   Carry On Jack was the second of the series to be filmed in colour and the first Carry On film with a historical setting and period costumes 
As with its immediate predecessor, the script for Carry on Jack started off as a non-Carry On film (originally entitled Up the Armada) and after a number of title changes was incorporated into the series  The film was followed by Carry On Spying 1964 

Plot
Carry On Jack starts with the death of Admiral Horatio Nelson (Jimmy Thompson), whose last words are that Britain needs a bigger navy with more men, followed by his famous request for a kiss to Hardy (Anton Rodgers)  In the main story, Albert Poop-Decker (Bernard Cribbins) has taken 81⁄2 years and still not qualified as midshipman, but is promoted by the First Sea Lord (Cecil Parker) as England needs officers  He is to join the frigate HMS Venus at Plymouth  Arriving to find the crew all celebrating as they are sailing tomorrow, he takes a sedan chair with no bottom (so he has to run), carried by a young man and his father (Jim Dale and Ian Wilson, respectively) to Dirty Dick's Tavern 
Mobbed by women in the tavern as he is holding a sovereign aloft (as advised by Dale), he is rescued by serving maid, Sally (Juliet Mills)  She wants to go to sea to find her former lodger and childhood sweetheart Roger, but landlord Ned (George Woodbridge) has let her down  She finds that Poop-Decker has not reported to the ship yet and is unknown to them, so in a room upstairs she knocks him out and takes his midshipman's uniform 
Poop-Decker wakes and dons a dress to cover his long johns, and downstairs, along with a cess pit cleaner named Walter Sweetly (Charles Hawtrey), is kidnapped by a press gang run by the Venus's First Officer Lieutenant Jonathan Howett (Donald Houston) and his bosun, Mr Angel (Percy Herbert)  They come to when at sea and are introduced to Captain Fearless (Kenneth Williams)  Poop-Decker makes himself known, but there is already a Midshipman Poop-Decker aboard – Sally, in disguise  Poop-Decker, as a hopeless seaman, goes on to continually upset Howett by doing the wrong thing  Sally reveals her true identity to Poop-Decker after he has been punished, and he decides to let things continue as they are  Eventually, in the course of the film Poop-Decker and Sally fall in love with each other 
After three months at sea and no action, the crew are very restless, and when they finally see a Spanish ship, the Captain has them sail away from it  Howett and Angel hatch a plot, making it look like the ship has been boarded by the enemy during a night raid and using Poop-Decker as an expendable dupe to get the Captain leave the ship on his own volition  Poop-Decker, Sweetly and Sally thus help the Captain into a boat, and they leave the ship, but while leaving his cabin, the Captain gets a splinter in his foot, which later goes gangrenous  When they reach dry land, Captain Fearless reckons that they are in France and they need only to walk a short distance to reach Calais, while they are actually standing on Spanish soil  Sally and Poop-Decker spot a party of civilians and steal their clothes while they are bathing 
Now in charge of the ship, Howett and Angel sail for Cadiz and plan on taking it from Don Luis (Patrick Cargill), the Spanish Governor  They are successful, but their plot is ruined by Poop-Decker's group, who stumble into Cadiz (believing it to be Le Havre) and recapture the Venus  Sailing back to England, they encounter a pirate ship, whose crew seizes the Venus  The Captain (Patch, played by Peter Gilmore) turns out to be Sally's lost love Roger, but upon seeing him as a coarse, brutal rogue, she no longer wants to have anything to do with him  In order to force her compliance, Patch and Hook (Ed Devereaux) try to make Poop-Decker and Fearless walk the plank, but Poop-Decker manages to escape and cut down a sail, which covers the pirates, capturing them 
In Cadiz, the former crew of the Venus are taken to be shot, but escape with five empty Spanish men-of-war to England for prize money and glory  They are within sight of England when they encounter the Venus  While Poop-Decker, Sally and Walter are working below decks on cutting off Fearless's badly infected leg, a fire gets out of control on deck and burns a sail, which sets off the Venus's primed cannons, hitting all five Spanish ships and thus once again thwarting Howett  Poop-Decker and his companions end up at the Admiralty as heroes  Fearless, who now has a pegleg is promoted to Admiral and given a desk job  Poop-Decker and Sweetly are given the rank of honorary Captains, with pensions, but Poop-Decker reveals that he is going to leave the service to marry Sally 

Background
The overall plot in relation to Sally steals the idea from episode 2 of the British TV series "Sir Francis Drake" made three years earlier (1961)  In this episode a girl (the daughter of a ship's gunner) stows away on Drake's ship dressed as a man 

Cast
Crew
Screenplay – Talbot Rothwell
Music – Eric Rogers
Art Director – Jack Shampan
Director of Photography – Alan Hume
Editor – Archie Ludski
Associate Producer – Frank Bevis
Assistant Director – Anthony Waye
Camera Operator – Godfrey Godar
Sound Editor – Christopher Lancaster
Sound Recordist – Bill Daniels
Unit Manager – Donald Toms
Make-up Artists – Geoffrey Rodway & Jim Hydes
Continuity – Penny Daniels
Hairdressing – Olga Angelinetta
Costume Designer – Joan Ellacott
Technical Advisor – Ian Cox
Producer – Peter Rogers
Director – Gerald Thomas

Filming and locations
Filming dates: 2 September – 26 October 1963Interiors:

Pinewood Studios, BuckinghamshireExteriors:

Frensham Pond   The background to the scenes with HMS Venus on fire and "firing" on the other ships is Kimmeridge Bay, Dorset 

Reception
Kinematograph Weekly called the film a "money maker" for 1964 

Bibliography
Davidson, Andy (2012)  Carry On Confidential  London: Miwk  ISBN 978-1908630018 
Sheridan, Simon (2011)  Keeping the British End Up – Four Decades of Saucy Cinema  London: Titan Books  ISBN 978-0857682796 
Webber, Richard (2009)  50 Years of Carry On  London: Arrow  ISBN 978-0099490074 
Hudis, Norman (2008)  No Laughing Matter  London: Apex  ISBN 978-1906358150 
Keeping the British End Up: Four Decades of Saucy Cinema by Simon Sheridan (third edition) (2007) (Reynolds & Hearn Books)
Ross, Robert (2002)  The Carry On Companion  London: Batsford  ISBN 978-0713487718 
Bright, Morris; Ross, Robert (2000)  Mr Carry On – The Life & Work of Peter Rogers  London: BBC Books  ISBN 978-0563551836 
Rigelsford, Adrian (1996)  Carry On Laughing – a celebration  London: Virgin  ISBN 1-85227-554-5 
Hibbin, Sally & Nina (1988)  What a Carry On  London: Hamlyn  ISBN 978-0600558194 
Eastaugh, Kenneth (1978)  The Carry On Book  London: David & Charles  ISBN 978-0715374030 
Passage 4:
Carry On Matron
Carry On Matron is a 1972 British comedy film, the 23rd release in the series of 31 Carry On films (1958–1992)  It was released in May 1972  It features series regulars Sid James, Kenneth Williams, Charles Hawtrey, Joan Sims, Hattie Jacques, Bernard Bresslaw, Barbara Windsor and Kenneth Connor  This was the last Carry on    film for Terry Scott after appearing in seven films   Carry On Matron was the second and last Carry On    for Kenneth Cope 
Along with the next film in the series (Carry On Abroad), it features the highest number of the regular Carry On team  The only regular members missing are Jim Dale and Peter Butterworth  Dale would return belatedly for Carry On Columbus in 1992 and Butterworth returned in a major role in Abroad the following year  Butterworth was due to play Freddy but was unable because of other work engagements  The film was followed by Carry on Abroad 1972 

Plot
Sid Carter (Sid James) is the cunning head of a criminal gang that includes the longhaired drip Ernie Bragg (Bernard Bresslaw), the cheeky Freddy (Bill Maynard) and Sid's honest son, Cyril (Kenneth Cope)  Cyril does not want a life of crime, but is emotionally blackmailed by his father into going along with his scheme to rob Finisham Maternity Hospital for its stock of contraceptive pills and sell them abroad  Cyril reluctantly disguises himself as a new female nurse to case the hospital  Assumed to be one of the new student nurses who have just arrived, he is assigned to share a room with the shapely blonde nurse, Susan Ball (Barbara Windsor)  Unfortunately for Cyril, he also catches the eye of the hospital lothario, Dr Prodd (Terry Scott) 
Sir Bernard Cutting (Kenneth Williams), the hypochondriac registrar of the hospital, is convinced he's undergoing a sex change  When he consults the nutty Dr F  A  Goode (Charles Hawtrey), Goode dishes out psychiatric mumbo jumbo, stating that Cutting merely wants to prove his manhood, and Cutting decides he is in love with Matron (Hattie Jacques)  Matron, on the other hand, has more than enough to contend with on the wards, with the gluttonous patient Mrs Tidey (Joan Sims) who seems more interested in eating than producing a baby, and her long-suffering British Rail worker husband (Kenneth Connor) who continually hangs around the waiting room 
When Cyril goes back to Prodd's room to get a map of the hospital, Prodd attempts to get intimate, only to be knocked across the room  Prodd and Cyril are called out on an emergency when lovely film star Jane Darling (Valerie Leon) goes into labour, but as Cyril knocks Prodd out in the ambulance, he is forced to deal with the actress's triplets being born  Jane Darling is delighted with Cyril and hails "the nurse" a heroine for her efforts, bringing fame to the hospital  Susan uncovers Cyril's disguise, but as she is in love with him, does not reveal the truth 
The much put-upon Sister (Jacki Piper) desperately tries to keep the ward in order, while Cutting's secretary, Miss Banks (Patsy Rowlands) keeps her employer in check, but nothing can cool his pent-up desire to prove himself as a man, and it's Matron who's in his sights  The criminal gang don disguises—Sid dresses as the foreign "Dr Zhivago" and Ernie as a heavily expectant mum—but the crime is thwarted by the mothers-to-be  The medical hierarchy's threat to call the police is halted when Sid reveals the heroine of the day is a man, and the hospital realise they would suffer nationwide humiliation if anyone found out  Cyril weds his shapely nurse Susan, and Matron finally gets her doctor 

Cast
Crew
Screenplay – Talbot Rothwell
Music – Eric Rogers
Production manager – Jack Swinburne
Art director – Lionel Couch
Editor – Alfred Roome
Director of photography – Ernest Steward
Camera operator – James Bawden
Continuity – Joy Mercer
Assistant director – Bert Batt
Sound recordists – Danny Daniel & Ken Barker
Make-up – Geoffrey Rodway
Hairdresser – Stella Rivers
Costume designer – Courtenay Elliott
Assistant art director – William Alexander
Set dresser – Peter Lamont
Dubbing editor – Peter Best
Titles – GSE Ltd
Processor – Rank Film Laboratories
Assistant editor – Jack Gardner
Wardrobe mistresses – Vi Murray & Maggie Lewin
Producer – Peter Rogers
Director – Gerald Thomas

Filming and locations
Filming dates – 11 October-26 November 1971Interiors:

Pinewood Studios, BuckinghamshireExteriors:

Heatherwood Hospital, Ascot, Berkshire
The White House, Denham, Buckinghamshire
St Mary's Church, Denham, Buckinghamshire

Bibliography
Davidson, Andy (2012)  Carry On Confidential  London: Miwk  ISBN 978-1-908630-01-8 
Sheridan, Simon (2011)  Keeping the British End Up – Four Decades of Saucy Cinema  London: Titan Books  ISBN 978-0-85768-279-6 
Webber, Richard (2009)  50 Years of Carry On  London: Arrow  ISBN 978-0-09-949007-4 
Hudis, Norman (2008)  No Laughing Matter  London: Apex  ISBN 978-1-906358-15-0 
Keeping the British End Up: Four Decades of Saucy Cinema by Simon Sheridan (third edition) (2007) (Reynolds & Hearn Books)
Ross, Robert (2002)  The Carry On Companion  London: Batsford  ISBN 978-0-7134-8771-8 
Bright, Morris; Ross, Robert (2000)  Mr Carry On – The Life & Work of Peter Rogers  London: BBC Books  ISBN 978-0-563-55183-6 
Rigelsford, Adrian (1996)  Carry On Laughing – a celebration  London: Virgin  ISBN 1-85227-554-5 
Hibbin, Sally & Nina (1988)  What a Carry On  London: Hamlyn  ISBN 978-0-600-55819-4 
Eastaugh, Kenneth (1978)  The Carry On Book  London: David & Charles  ISBN 978-0-7153-7403-0 
Passage 5:
Carry On Cleo
Carry On Cleo is a 1964 British historical comedy film, the tenth in the series of 31 Carry On films (1958–1992)  Regulars Sid James, Kenneth Williams, Kenneth Connor, Charles Hawtrey, and Jim Dale are present and Connor made his last appearance until his return in Carry On Up the Jungle six years later  Joan Sims returned to the series for the first time since Carry On Regardless three years earlier  Sims would now appear in every Carry On up to Carry On Emmannuelle in 1978, making her the most prolific actress in the series  Jon Pertwee makes the first of his four appearances in the series  The title role is played by Amanda Barrie in her second and last Carry On  Along with Carry On Sergeant and Carry On Screaming!, its original posters were reproduced by the Royal Mail on stamps to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Carry On series in June 2008  The film was followed by Carry On Cowboy 1965 

Plot
The film opens during Caesar's invasions of Britain, with Mark Antony (Sid James) struggling to lead his armies through miserable weather  At a nearby village, cavemen Horsa (Jim Dale) and Hengist Pod (Kenneth Connor) attempt to alert Boudica to the invasion, but are captured by the Romans 
Once in Rome, Horsa is sold by the slave-trading firm Marcus et Spencius, and Hengist is destined to be thrown to the lions when no-one agrees to buy him  Horsa and Hengist escape and take refuge in the Temple of Vesta  Whilst hiding there, Julius Caesar (Kenneth Williams) arrives to consult the Vestal Virgins, but an attempt is made on his life by his bodyguard, Bilius (David Davenport)  In the melee, Horsa kills Bilius and escapes, leaving Hengist to take the credit for saving Caesar's life and to be made Caesar's new bodyguard 
When a power struggle emerges in Egypt, Mark Antony is sent to force Cleopatra (Amanda Barrie) to abdicate in favour of Ptolemy  However, Mark Antony becomes besotted with her, and instead kills Ptolemy off-screen to win her favour  Cleopatra convinces Mark Antony to kill Caesar and become ruler of Rome himself so that they may rule a powerful Roman-Egyptian alliance together  After seducing one another, Mark Antony agrees, and plots to kill Caesar 
Caesar and Hengist travel to Egypt on a galley, along with Agrippa (Francis de Wolff), whom Mark Antony has convinced to kill Caesar  However, Horsa has been re-captured and is now a slave on Caesar's galley  After killing the galley-master (Peter Gilmore), Horsa and the galley slaves kill Agrippa and his fellow assassins and swim to Egypt  Hengist, who had been sent out to fight Agrippa and was unaware of Horsa's presence on board, again takes the credit 
Once at Cleopatra's palace, an Egyptian soothsayer (Jon Pertwee) warns Caesar of the plot to kill him, but Mark Anthony convinces Caesar not to flee  Instead, Caesar convinces Hengist to change places with him, since Cleopatra and Caesar have never met  On meeting, Cleopatra lures Hengist, who accidentally exposes both Cleopatra and Mark Anthony as would-be assassins  He and Caesar then ally with Horsa, and after defeating Cleopatra's bodyguard Sosages (Tom Clegg) in combat, Hengist and the party flee Egypt  Caesar is returned to Rome, only to be assassinated on the Ides of March  Horsa and Hengist return to Britain, and Mark Antony is left in Egypt to live "one long Saturday night" with Cleopatra 

Background notes
The costumes and sets used in the film were originally intended for Cleopatra (1963) before that production moved to Rome and rebuilt new sets there  Carry On Cleo was filmed between 13 July and 28 August 1964 The original poster and publicity artwork by Tom Chantrell were withdrawn from circulation after 20th Century Fox successfully brought a copyright infringement case against distributor Anglo Amalgamated, which found the design was based on a painting by Howard Terpning for which Fox owned the copyright and was used to promote the Cleopatra film 

Cast
Filming and locations
Filming dates: 13 July – 28 August 1964Interiors:

Pinewood Studios, Buckinghamshire
Chobham Common, Surrey

Reception
The  film premiered at London's Warner cinema on 10 December 1964 and went on to become one of the 12 most popular movies at the British box office in 1965 Colin McCabe, Professor of English at the University of Exeter, labelled this film (together with Carry On Up The Khyber) as one of the best films of all time In 2007, the pun "Infamy, infamy, they've all got it in for me", spoken by Kenneth Williams, was voted the funniest one-line joke in film history  The line was not written by Rothwell but borrowed with permission from a Take It from Here script written by Frank Muir and Denis Norden 
Passage 6:
Carry On Abroad
Carry On Abroad is a 1972 British comedy film, the 24th release in the series of 31 Carry On films (1958–1992)  The film features series regulars Sid James, Kenneth Williams, Joan Sims, Bernard Bresslaw, Barbara Windsor, Kenneth Connor, Peter Butterworth and Hattie Jacques  It was the 23rd and final appearance for Charles Hawtrey  June Whitfield returned after appearing in Carry On Nurse 13 years earlier  Jimmy Logan and  Carol Hawkins made their first of two appearances in the series 
Along with the previous film in the series (Carry On Matron), it features the highest number of the regular Carry On team, and actually surpasses it if you count Terry Scott, who had filmed a scene as an irate Wundatours customer, but his scene was cut from the final film  The only other member missing is Jim Dale, who had left the series by this point, but would return belatedly for Carry On Columbus in 1992  Dale and Scott were never in a Carry On film together  The film was followed by Carry On Girls 1973 

Plot
The film opens with pub landlord and frequent holidaymaker Vic Flange (Sid James) openly flirting with the sassy saucepot widow Sadie Tompkins (Barbara Windsor) as his battleaxe wife, Cora (Joan Sims), looks on with disdain  Their twitching friend Harry (Jack Douglas), who is prone to elaborate and violent twitches, arrives and reveals that the package holiday Vic has booked to the Mediterranean island Elsbels (a pun on the slang expression "Hell's Bells") which is on the Costa Bomm, also includes Sadie, much to Cora's outrage  Cora, who avoids holidays because she hates flying, suddenly decides to accompany her boorish husband on the trip, to ensure he keeps away from Sadie 
The next day, Stuart Farquhar (Kenneth Williams), the representative of Wundatours Travel Agency, and his sexy, seductive assistant, Moira Plunkett (Gail Grainger), welcome the motley passengers  Among them are the henpecked and sex-starved Stanley Blunt (Kenneth Connor) and his overbearing, conservative, frigid wife, Evelyn (June Whitfield); a drunken, bowler-hatted mummy's boy, Eustace Tuttle (Charles Hawtrey); brash Scotsman Bert Conway (Jimmy Logan); young and beautiful friends Lily and Marge (Sally Geeson and Carol Hawkins respectively), who are each hoping to find a man to fall in love with; and a party of monks, including Brother Bernard (Bernard Bresslaw), a timid young monk who has difficulty fitting into his new path of life 
Unfortunately, upon their arrival they discover their hotel is only half-finished; the builders have just quit suddenly for unspecified reasons, leaving the remaining five floors unfinished  Distraught manager Pepe (Peter Butterworth) desperately tries to run the place in myriad different guises – the manager, the doorman and the porter – and the chef is his irate, ill-tempered wife, Floella (Hattie Jacques), who battles repeatedly with the temperamental stove while their handsome, womanising son Georgio (Ray Brooks) idles behind the bar  The hotel also hides an assortment of faults, and Pepe is soon overrun with complaints: Evelyn finds Mr Tuttle in her bath, Vic discovers Sadie naked in his shower; Lily and Marge's wardrobe has no back to it, allowing them to be accidentally seen by Brother Bernard in the opposite room; sand pours out of Moira's taps; the lavatory drenches Bert  The phone system itself is faulty, and the guests end up complaining to each other for much of the time  Nevertheless, Stuart is determined to ensure everyone has a good time 
Dinner on the first night is foul, and made even more unpleasant by the smoke from the burning food in the kitchen, which forces the motley group of holiday-makers to open the windows, prompting the arrival of mosquitos  Although agreeing to play leapfrog with Tuttle, Lily and Marge have their eyes on other things  Marge takes a shine to Brother Bernard, and they develop an innocent romance, while Lily lures the dashing Nicholas (David Kernan) away from his jealous (and, it is implied, gay) friend, Robin (John Clive)  Meanwhile, Stanley attempts to seduce Cora whilst his nagging wife is not present, but Cora is more interested in keeping Vic away from Sadie, who grows fond of Bert  Vic tries to put Bert off Sadie by telling him that she is a black widow who murdered her two previous husbands, when in fact both were firemen who died on the job 
The next day, the holidaymakers are awakened very early in the morning by the builders, who have returned to work  While most of the party go off on an excursion to the nearby village, Stanley ensures his wife is left behind so that he can spend the day attempting to woo Cora  Vic samples a local drink, "Santa Cecelia's Elixir", which blesses the drinker with X-ray vision and he is able to see through women's clothing  However, the tourists are arrested for causing a riot at Madame Fifi's (Olga Lowe) local brothel after Vic, Bert and Eustace annoy the girls there; left-behind Evelyn is seduced by Georgio, which leads to her abandoning her frigid manners 
In the local prison, Miss Plunkett seduces the Chief of Police, and the tourists are released  Back at the hotel, Mrs Blunt resumes her sex life with a surprised Stanley after having a brief affair with Georgio  The last night in the hotel starts as a success, with all the guests at ease with each other thanks to the punch being spiked with Santa Cecelia's Elixir  Midway through the night it begins to rain, and the hotel is shown to have been constructed on a dry river bed  As the hotel begins to collapse Pepe finally loses his patience and sanity with the guests who, intoxicated by the spiked punch, party on oblivious to the fact the hotel is disintegrating around them 
The film then shifts forward an unspecified period of time, and shows an Elsbels reunion at Vic and Cora's pub  Farquhar has also lost his job at Wundatours and started working at the pub  All the guests are happy, and reminisce about the holiday they barely survived 

Cast
Sid James as Vic Flange
Kenneth Williams as Stuart Farquhar
Charles Hawtrey as Eustace Tuttle
Joan Sims as Cora Flange
Peter Butterworth as Pepe
Kenneth Connor as Stanley Blunt
Hattie Jacques as Floella
Bernard Bresslaw as Brother Bernard
Barbara Windsor as Sadie Tomkins
Jimmy Logan as Bert Conway
June Whitfield as Evelyn Blunt
Sally Geeson as Lily Maggs
Carol Hawkins as Marge Dawes
Gail Grainger as Moira Plunkett
Ray Brooks as Georgio
John Clive as Robin Tweet
David Kernan as Nicholas Phipps
Patsy Rowlands as Miss Dobbs
Derek Francis as Brother Martin
Jack Douglas as Harry
Amelia Bayntun as Mrs Tuttle
Alan Curtis as Police Chief
Hugh Futcher as Jailer
Gertan Klauber as Postcard seller
Brian Osborne as Stall-holder
Olga Lowe as Madame Fifi

Crew
Screenplay – Talbot Rothwell
Music – Eric Rogers
Production manager – Jack Swinburne
Art director – Lionel Couch
Editor – Alfred Roome
Director of photography – Alan Hume
Camera operator – Jimmy Davis
Continuity – Joy Mercer
Assistant director – David Bracknell
Sound recordists – Taffy Haines & Ken Barker
Make-up – Geoffrey Rodway
Assistant art director – Bill Bennison
Set dresser – Don Picton
Hairdresser – Stella Rivers
Costume designer – Courtenay Elliott
Dubbing editor – Peter Best
Assistant editor – Jack Gardner
Titles – GSE Ltd
Processor – Rank Film Laboratories
Producer – Peter Rogers
Director – Gerald Thomas

Notes
The film's opening credits also include 'Sun Tan Lo Tion' (sun tan lotion) as 'Technical Director' 
The brothel keeper is played by Olga Lowe, one of the first actresses to work with Sid James when he arrived in the UK in 1946  Lowe was also the actress on stage with James on the night he died in Sunderland 

Filming and locations
Filming dates – 17 April–26 May 1972 (The previous entry – Carry On Matron – was released during filming)Interior/exterior film locations:
Bagshot, Surrey: The road to the airport 
High Street, Slough: The Wundatours travel agency shop (the site has since been redeveloped and is now Cornwall House) 
Pinewood Studios: Elsbels airport terminal building (the studios' security block); the Whippit Inn pub; Elsbels hotel interior and exterior scenes  (The hotel was constructed in the studio backlot with a matte added to represent the upper floors and sections of scaffold )
Passage 7:
The Hatton Garden Job
The Hatton Garden Job, also known as One Last Heist, is a 2017 British crime film  The film is a dramatization of real-life events in April 2015, when the Hatton Garden Safe Deposit Company, based underground in the Hatton Garden area of central London, was burgled by four elderly men, all experienced thieves  The film was directed by Ronnie Thompson and stars Larry Lamb, Matthew Goode, and Joely Richardson 
The film had its West End of London première at the Curzon, Shaftesbury Avenue, on 11 April 2017 

Outline
Larry Lamb plays the 76-year-old Brian Reader, taking the lead among the four "codgers" who carry out the operation, with the title of Guvnor, while the other three at the sharp end of the raid are Danny Jones (Phil Daniels), Terry Perkins (David Calder), and Kenny Collins (Clive Russell)  Apart from more routine thievery going back at least to his first conviction in 1975, Reader had previously laundered the proceeds of the Brink's-Mat robbery of 1983  The burglars enter the underground premises over an Easter bank holiday weekend through a lift shaft, then drill through the thick walls of the vault with an industrial power drill, proceeding over the following two days to rifle through dozens of deposit boxes  The burglar alarm goes off, but the police decide not to attend  The robbery remains undetected until staff return to work the following week, and newspapers are soon calling it the biggest theft in English history, as the total stolen has a reported value of up to £200 million — although the gang of seven (who have a combined age of 448) don't believe it Matthew Goode plays the organiser of the robbery, known only as XXX, while Joely Richardson is Erzebet Zslondos, a glamorous Hungarian mobster who is pulling the strings, complete with an exotic accent and remarkable set of costumes  A subplot centres on Zslondos and a corrupt policeman, DCI Frank Baskin (Mark Harris) After an efficiently carried-out operation, the haul is divvied up, the Flying Squad of the Metropolitan Police ("the Sweeney") is called in, led by DCI Emma Carter (Sarah-Jane Crawford), and the insurers offer rewards for leads to crack the crime  Six weeks later, acting on information received, nine men are arrested, including Reader  Later, four other men are pulled in and charged with conspiracy to commit burglary  They then face the challenge of what (if anything) to say under questioning and the dilemma of whether to reveal the hiding places of the missing loot  Almost a year after they hit Hatton Garden, all but one of the men are found guilty and go to prison, Reader getting six years  Most do not take up the offer of shorter sentences for returning millions still unrecovered 
The leader, referred to in the film as "XXX", escapes justice — which at the time of shooting matched the story of the real-life Michael Seed (known as 'Basil')  Seed was later found guilty of both burglary and conspiracy to burgle, and was sentenced to ten years in prison for the former and eight years for the latter, the two running concurrently 

Cast
Production
It was announced in June 2016 that Larry Lamb, Matthew Goode, Joely Richardson, and Phil Daniels had taken leading roles in the low budget film 

Reception
On review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 18% based on reviews from 17 critics, with an average rating of 3 90/10 In negative reviews The Guardian called the film "a piece of geezer nostalgia" with a "wocka-wocka retro-funk score", but suggested that Phil Daniels might deserve an award for uttering the line “the biggest bling blag in history”  It also took the view that the film failed to keep faith with its grey power ethos by parachuting in an attractive young leader for the much older gang (Matthew Goode), who was simply an invention 
The Daily Telegraph deemed the film a Guy Ritchie pastiche and commented that "This is entirely, even aggressively un-cinematic, and after a while begins to feel like a bizarre, Brechtian joke at the audience’s expense: vast expanses of the film are, quite literally, just boring " Metro's review found the production slow and clichéd and suggested that "this is a film that ultimately proves to be every bit as opportunistic as the raid that initially inspired it "
The film magazine Empire was more positive, The film is not without charm, thanks to engaging lead performances from a roster of solid British talent, from Larry Lamb to Phil Daniels, who can do lovable-rogue banter in their sleep  Early scenes of them plotting the heist are enjoyable if not exactly fresh, several exchanges raising a smile  Despite their best efforts, however, the film falters thanks to an inescapable fact    it’s all a little dull 

See also
Hatton Garden: the Heist – an earlier film released in 2016 based on the robbery
King of Thieves – a 2018 film also based on the same events
Heist film
Passage 8:
Carry On Cruising
Carry On Cruising is a 1962 British comedy film, the sixth in the series of 31 Carry On films (1958–1992)  It was based on an original story by Eric Barker  P&O – Orient Lines were thanked in the credits  Regulars Sid James, Kenneth Williams and Kenneth Connor appear in the film, whereas Joan Sims and Charles Hawtrey do not  Sims took ill shortly before filming began and was replaced by Dilys Laye, making her Carry On debut, at four days' notice  Hawtrey was dropped for demanding star billing,  but returned for the next entry, making this the only entry during Hawtrey's 23-film run which he missed  Sims returned two years later in Carry On Cleo  Liz Fraser notches up the second of her four appearances here  Lance Percival makes his only appearance in the series in Carry On Cruising, playing the ship's chef, the role originally designated for Hawtrey  The Australian actor Vincent Ball also makes his first, of two, Carry On appearances  This was the last film to have its screenplay written by Norman Hudis  This film was notable for being the first in the series to be filmed in colour  The film was followed by Carry On Cabby 1963 

Plot
Captain Crowther (Sid James) has five of his crew replaced at short notice before a new cruise voyage begins  Not only does he get the five most incompetent crew men ever to sail the seven seas, but the passengers turn out to be a rather strange bunch too 
The SS Happy Wanderer is the cruise ship and after this voyage, Crowther hopes to get a job as captain on a transatlantic ship, promising the cruise crew members their jobs will be safe under the new captain   Setting off from England, the Happy Wanderer calls at unnamed ports in Spain, Italy and North Africa before heading  home 
Single ladies Gladys (Liz Fraser) and Flo (Dilys Laye) take the cruise, Flo hoping to find a husband  Bridget (Esma Cannon) is her usual dotty and entertaining self, and one unnamed passenger (Ronnie Stevens) never disembarks but always goes straight to the bar to drink, to forget an unidentified woman  The crew and passengers settle in as the ship leaves port and head chef Wilfred Haines (Lance Percival) discovers he gets easily seasick  Mario Fabrizi makes a quick appearance as one of the cooks under Haines  Ed Devereaux, best known for the part of Matt Hammond in the Australian TV series 'Skippy', appears as a young officer 
Gladys and Flo fall for the PT instructor Mr  Jenkins but nothing comes of it, especially when Flo turns out to be hopeless in the gym  Meanwhile, the new men try to impress Crowther but disaster follows disaster with him getting knocked out and covered with food at a party 
Meanwhile, ship's doctor Dr  Binn (Kenneth Connor) has fallen for Flo, but she wants nothing to do with him, so he serenades her with a song after leaving Italy (Bella Marie, sung by Roberto Cardinali), which she does not hear as she is asleep  Gladys, who has heard the song, realises that Flo is in love with Binn and with the help of First Officer Marjoribanks (Kenneth Williams) arranges a plot for Binn and Flo to get together  It works and the confident Binn finally confesses his feelings to a gobsmacked Flo, who returns his affections 
Crowther lets the five newcomers know that they have improved since the cruise began, simply by doing their jobs and not by trying to impress him  They learn that the captain has been in charge of the Happy Wanderer for ten years and decide to hold a surprise party for him, with the passengers  Haines bakes him a many-flavoured cake and the barman cables the former barman for the recipe of the captain's favourite drink, the Aberdeen Angus 
The party goes well and Crowther gets his telegram telling him he has the captaincy of the new ship  He turns it down as he recognises it does not have the personal touch of a cruise ship, and prefers the company of his own crew 

Cast
Sid James as Captain Wellington Crowther
Kenneth Williams as First Officer Leonard Marjoribanks
Kenneth Connor as Dr Arthur Binn
Liz Fraser as Glad Trimble
Dilys Laye as Flo Castle
Esma Cannon as Bridget Madderley
Lance Percival as Wilfred Haines, Ship's Cook 
Jimmy Thompson as Sam Turner
Ronnie Stevens as Drunk
Vincent Ball as Jenkins
Cyril Chamberlain as Tom Tree
Willoughby Goddard as Large Man
Ed Devereaux as Young officer
Brian Rawlinson as Steward
Anton Rodgers as Young man
Anthony Sagar as Cook
Terence Holland as Passer-by
Mario Fabrizi as Cook
Evan David as Bridegroom
Marian Collins as Bride
Jill Mai Meredith as Shapely miss
Alan Casley as Kindly seaman

Crew
Screenplay – Norman Hudis
Story – Eric Barker
Music – Bruce Montgomery & Douglas Gamley
Director of Photography – Alan Hume
Art Director – Carmen Dillon
Editor – John Shirley
Production Manager – Bill Hill
Camera Operator – Dudley Lovell
Assistant Director – Jack Causey
Sound Editors – Arthur Ridout & Archie Ludski
Sound Recordists – Robert T MacPhee & Bill Daniels
Continuity – Penny Daniels
Make-up – George Blackler & Geoffrey Rodway
Hairdressing – Biddy Crystal
Costume Designer – Joan Ellacott
Casting Director – Betty White
Beachwear – Silhouette (lingerie)
Producer – Peter Rogers
Director – Gerald Thomas

Filming and locations
Filming dates – 8 January-16 February 1962Interiors:

Pinewood Studios, Buckinghamshire, EnglandExteriors

Southampton Docks

Reception
The film was the 12th most popular film at the British box office in 1962  According to Kinematograph Weekly the film was considered a "money maker" at the British box office in 1962 

Bibliography
Davidson, Andy (2012)  Carry On Confidential  London: Miwk  ISBN 978-1908630018 
Sheridan, Simon (2011)  Keeping the British End Up – Four Decades of Saucy Cinema  London: Titan Books  ISBN 978-0857682796 
Webber, Richard (2009)  50 Years of Carry On  London: Arrow  ISBN 978-0099490074 
Hudis, Norman (2008)  No Laughing Matter  London: Apex  ISBN 978-1906358150 
Keeping the British End Up: Four Decades of Saucy Cinema by Simon Sheridan (third edition) (2007) (Reynolds & Hearn Books)
Ross, Robert (2002)  The Carry On Companion  London: Batsford  ISBN 978-0713487718 
Bright, Morris; Ross, Robert (2000)  Mr Carry On – The Life & Work of Peter Rogers  London: BBC Books  ISBN 978-0563551836 
Rigelsford, Adrian (1996)  Carry On Laughing – a celebration  London: Virgin  ISBN 1-85227-554-5 
Hibbin, Sally & Nina (1988)  What a Carry On  London: Hamlyn  ISBN 978-0600558194 
Eastaugh, Kenneth (1978)  The Carry On Book  London: David & Charles  ISBN 978-0715374030 
Passage 9:
Carry On Up the Jungle
Carry On Up the Jungle is a 1970 British adventure comedy film, the 19th release in the series of 31 Carry On films (1958–1992)  The film marked Frankie Howerd's second and final appearance in the series  He stars alongside regular players Sid James, Charles Hawtrey, Joan Sims, Terry Scott and Bernard Bresslaw  Kenneth Connor returns to the series for the first time since Carry On Cleo six years earlier and would now feature in almost every entry up to Carry On Emmannuelle in 1978  Jacki Piper makes the first of her four appearances in the series  This movie is a send-up of the classic Tarzan films  It features an unusually dark tone for the series, as the protagonists are faced with certain death after they are apprehended by a cannibalistic tribe in the jungle  The film was followed by Carry On Loving 1970 

Plot
Camp ornithologist Professor Inigo Tinkle (Frankie Howerd) tells a less-than-enraptured audience about his most recent ornithological expedition to the darkest, most barren regions of the African wilds in search for the legendary Oozlum bird, which is said to fly in ever decreasing circles until it disappears up its own rear end  Financing the expedition is Lady Evelyn Bagley (Joan Sims) and the team are led by the fearless (and lecherous) Bill Boosey (Sid James) and his slow-witted African guide Upsidasi (Bernard Bresslaw)  Also on the expedition is Tinkle's idiotic assistant, Claude Chumley (Kenneth Connor) and June (Jacki Piper), Lady Bagley's beautiful but unappreciated maidservant  The journey does not get off to a good start, with a mad gorilla terrorising the campsite and the travellers realising they have ventured into the territory of the bloodthirsty "Noshas", a tribe of feared cannibals 
On the first night of the expedition, at dinner Lady Bagley reveals that she has embarked on the journey to find her long-lost husband and baby son who vanished twenty years ago on their delayed honeymoon, whilst out on a walk  Her husband is believed to have been eaten by a crocodile, but she hopes to find her baby son, Cecil's, nappy pin as something to remember him by  What the group do not know is that watching them from the bushes is Ug (Terry Scott), a bungling yet compassionate Tarzan-like jungle dweller that wears a loincloth and sandals  Ug has never before seen any other white people, especially a woman  The next day, June stumbles across a beautiful oasis where she saves Ug from drowning and the two begin to fall in love 
That night, Ug wanders into camp and encounters Lady Bagley in her tent (mistaking it for June's tent) and she is astonished to see that Ug is wearing Cecil's nappy pin, and that Ug is in fact her lost son Cecil  But before they can be reunited, Ug flees in fear and Lady Bagley faints with shock  The next day, the travellers are kidnapped by the Noshas, but manage to bribe their way out of being cannibalised by giving the tribal witch doctor Tinkle's pocket watch  Tinkle however delays and promises the witch doctor that their gods will bestow a sign of thanks upon them  Intending rescue, Ug accidentally catapults himself into the Nosha camp and starts a fire  In the chaos, Ug, June and Upsidasi manage to escape but the enraged Noshas apprehend the other travellers and prepare to kill them 
As they wait to be put to death, they are suddenly rescued by the all-female Lubby-Dubby tribe led by the stunning Leda (Valerie Leon) from the Lost World of Aphrodisia  They are taken to Aphrodisia and meet the king of the tribe Tonka who turns out to be Lady Bagley's missing husband Walter Bagley (Charles Hawtrey) who was taken by the Noshas years ago, but saved and brought to Aphrodisia by the tribal women  Evelyn Bagley is infuriated that he never bothered to search for their missing son and laments she has seen him but has once again lost him  June and Ug are revealed to be living happily together and June is teaching Ug to speak English 
Bill Boosey, Prof  Tinkle and Chumley enjoy the attention given to them by the tribal women, and Tinkle and Chumley are stunned to find that their elusive Oozlum bird is in fact a sacred animal to the Lubby-Dubby females  It transpires that the Lubby-Dubbies need the menfolk to save themselves from extinction, as no males have been born in Aphrodisia for over a century  The men think their dreams have come true    until Leda makes it clear that the Lubby-Dubby women have no intention of letting them go  Tonka implies that the last man who tried to escape Aphrodisia was murdered by the tribe 
Lady Bagley is resentful of this work the men have been given and taking over control from her husband (Tonka) ensure the mates assigned to the men are the least attractive women in the tribe  Three months pass and the men now are fed up and Leda is outraged that none of their "mates" have gotten pregnant, so she overthrows Tonka and assumes his place, threatening harm to the men  However, Upsidasi arrives disguised as a woman and says he has brought soldiers to save them  Ug and June also search for their friends and Ug summons a stampede of animals to create chaos and enable the men to get away  During the confusion, Tinkle snatches the Oozlum bird, and the team escape along with Tonka  After the chaos, Leda and her army chase after the men, but are more interested in the trampled soldiers  She says to let the others go not needing them now that they have "some real men " Lady Bagley is reunited with her beloved son and the group return to England  Tinkle unveils his Oozlum bird to his audience    only to find it has apparently vanished up inside itself  June and Ug are happily married with a baby and live in a treehouse in the suburbs whilst Ug goes to work in a bowler hat, suit, and no shoes 

Cast
Frankie Howerd as Professor Inigo Tinkle
Sid James as Bill Boosey
Charles Hawtrey as Walter Bagley/King Tonka
Joan Sims as Lady Evelyn Bagley
Kenneth Connor as Claude Chumley
Bernard Bresslaw as Upsidasi
Terry Scott as Ug the Jungle Boy/Cecil Bagley
Jacki Piper as June
Valerie Leon as Leda
Reuben Martin as Gorilla
Edwina Carroll as Nerda
Danny Daniels as Nosha Chief
Yemi Ajibadi as Witch Doctor
Lincoln Webb as Nosha with girl
Heather Emmanuel as Pregnant Lubi
Verna Lucille MacKenzie as Gong Lubi
Valerie Moore as Lubi Lieutenant
Cathi March as Lubi Lieutenant
Nina Baden-Semper as Girl Nosha (uncredited)
Roy Stewart as Nosha (uncredited)
John Hamilton as Nosha (uncredited)
Willie Jonah as Nosha (uncredited)
Chris Konyils as Nosha (uncredited)

Crew
Screenplay – Talbot Rothwell
Music – Eric Rogers
Production Manager – Jack Swinburne
Director of Photography – Ernest Steward
Editor – Alfred Roome
Art Director – Alex Vetchinsky
Assistant Editor – Jack Gardner
Camera Operator – James Bawden
Assistant Director – Jack Causey
Continuity – Josephine Knowles
Make-up – Geoffrey Rodway
Sound Recordists – RT MacPhee & Ken Barker
Hairdresser – Stella Rivers
Costume Designer – Courtenay Elliott
Dubbing Editor – Colin Miller
Titles – GSE Ltd
Producer – Peter Rogers
Director – Gerald Thomas

Filming and locations
Filming dates – 13 October to 21 November 1969
Maidenhead Library – The location for Professor Tinkle's lecture  The building is now demolished but the original site is directly opposite Maidenhead Town Hall, as featured in Carry On Doctor, Carry On Again Doctor and Carry On Behind 
Clarence Crescent, Windsor - location of the very final scene of the moviePinewood Studios was used for both interior and exterior filming 

Production and casting
Carry On Up the Jungle is, in part, a parody of Hammer Film Productions' "Cavegirl" series: One Million Years B C  (1966), Slave Girls (1967) and more particularly Edgar Rice Burroughs' Tarzan series of books and films 
Bernard Bresslaw learned all his native orders in Swahili; however, the "African" extras were of Caribbean origin and did not understand  But Sid James, who was born in South Africa, recognised it and congratulated him The storyline is partly referenced in the Christmas Special Carry On, when all the characters sit down for Christmas Dinner and eat the Oozlum bird instead of a traditional Turkey 
Charles Hawtrey (born November 1914) as Walter Bagley plays the father of Ugg/Cecil Bagley Terry Scott (born May 1927) despite being merely twelve and a half years his senior  Joan Sims (born May 1930) as Lady Bagley plays his mother though she is three years his junior 
The role of Professor Tinkle was written for Kenneth Williams, and the role of Jungle Boy was written for Jim Dale, but Williams was unavailable as he was preparing to star in his own series, The Kenneth Williams Show, and Dale turned down his part due to the character having limited dialogue 

Reception
The film was among the eight most popular movies at the UK box office in 1970 In a diary entry for Saturday 3 April 1976, Kenneth Williams wrote about the film, which he watched on television that evening, in positive terms  "It was quite funny and at one point I was laughing aloud  I was staggered to see what they got away with!" He was particularly complimentary about Kenneth Connor and Terry Scott, less so about Sid James 
Passage 10:
Follow That Camel
Follow That Camel is a 1967 British comedy film, the 14th in the series of 31 Carry On films (1958–1992)  Like its predecessor Carry On Don't Lose Your Head, it does not have the words "Carry On" in its original title (though for screenings outside the United Kingdom it was known as Carry On In The Legion, and it is alternatively titled Carry On     Follow That Camel)  It parodies the much-filmed 1924 book Beau Geste, by PC Wren, and other French Foreign Legion films   This film was producer Peter Rogers's attempt to break into the American market; Phil Silvers (in his only Carry On) is heavily featured in a Sergeant Bilko-esque role  He appears alongside Carry On regulars Kenneth Williams, Jim Dale, Charles Hawtrey, Joan Sims, Peter Butterworth and Bernard Bresslaw  Angela Douglas makes the third of her four Carry On appearances   Anita Harris makes the first of her two Carry On appearances  The film was followed by Carry On Doctor 1967 

Plot
His reputation brought into disrepute by Captain Bagshaw, a competitor for the affections of Lady Jane Ponsonby, Bertram Oliphant "Bo" West decides to leave England and join the French Foreign Legion, followed by his faithful manservant Simpson  Originally mistaken for enemy combatants at Sidi Bel Abbès, the pair eventually enlist and are helped in surviving Legion life by Sergeant Nocker, although only after they discover that when he is "on patrol" he is actually enjoying himself at the local cafe with the female owner, Zig-Zig 
Meanwhile, Lady Jane, having learnt that Bo was really innocent, heads out to the Sahara to bring him back to England  Along the way she has several encounters with men who exploit the fact that she is naive and travelling alone  After several such run-ins, including with the Legion fort's Commandant Burger (who coincidentally had once been her fencing instructor, and joined the Legion in self-imposed shame after he had inadvertently cut her finger during a lesson), she meets Sheikh Abdul Abulbul and ends up becoming a part of his harem and planned 13th wife 
Nocker and Bo are kidnapped by Abulbul after being lured to the home of Corktip, a belly dancer at the Café ZigZig  Simpson follows them to the Oasis El Nooki but is also captured  After entering Abulbul's harem and discovering Lady Jane, Bo and Simpson give themselves up while Nocker escapes (or rather is allowed to by Abulbul) back to Sidi Bel Abbes to warn Commandant Burger of Abulbul's plans to attack Fort Soixante-Neuf (i e  69, the sexual position)  However, during this time Zig-Zig has told the Commandant about Nocker's true destination when on patrol, and therefore upon his return his story is not believed   It is only when Nocker mentions Lady Jane that they realise he was telling the truth and the Commandant organises a force to reinforce the fort 
Along the way they discover Bo and Simpson staked to the ground at the now abandoned oasis  The relief column marches on towards the fort but heat, lack of water and a sand castle building competition gone wrong decimates the force to a handful  The remaining members reach the fort to find that they are too late; the attack has already occurred and the garrison wiped out 
After learning that Abulbul's celebration of the successful attack includes marrying Lady Jane, Bo, Burger, Nocker and Simpson rescue her from his tent, leaving Simpson behind dressed as a decoy  When Abulbul discovers the deception, he chases Simpson back to the fort where, through the imaginative use of a gramophone and a German marching song, gum arabic, coconuts, gunpowder and a cricket bat, the group holds off Abulbul's army until a relief force arrives  However, Commandant Burger ends up as the sole casualty among the protagonists 
Back in England the group reunites for a game of cricket, with Nocker having been promoted to Commandant and Lady Jane having conceived a son by the late Burger  Bo is batting, but when he hits the ball, it explodes  The bowler is then shown to be Abulbul having gained his revenge, to which Bo, with a broken bat and burnt clothes, good-naturedly responds "Not out!"

Filming
Location work was shot during the early months of 1967 when scenes set in the Sahara were filmed at Camber Sands near Rye, East Sussex, England  Shooting had to be halted several times because there was snow on the sands  Other shots occurred at Birkdale beach near Southport, Lancashire 
Some of the town sets were reused the year after in the production of Carry On Up the Khyber 

Cast
Crew
Screenplay - Talbot Rothwell
Music - Eric Rogers
Production Manager - Jack Swinburne
Director of Photography - Alan Hume
Editor - Alfred Roome
Art Director - Alex Vetchinsky
Camera Operator - Alan Hall
Assistant Director - David Bracknell
Continuity - Joy Mercer
Assistant Editor - Jack Gardner
Make-up - Geoffrey Rodway
Sound Recordists - Dudley Messenger & Ken Barker
Hairdresser - Stella Rivers
Costume Designer - Emma Selby-Walker
Dubbing Editor - Wally Nelson
Location Manager - Terry Clegg
Producer - Peter Rogers
Director - Gerald Thomas

Dates and locations
Filming dates – 1 May – 23 June 1967Interiors:

Pinewood Studios, BuckinghamshireExteriors:

Rye and Camber Sands, Sussex
Swakeleys House, Ickenham, Middlesex
Osterley Park House, Isleworth, Middlesex

Production notes
The character named "Corktip" is a parody of "Cigarette" in the 1936 film Under Two Flags, a film about the French Foreign Legion in the Sahara   The name refers to cigarettes, such as the Craven A brand, which had a cork tip 
Phil Silvers was paid a great deal more than any other cast member, which provoked animosity among the regular Carry On team  Silvers also could not, or would not, learn his lines, so boards were placed behind the camera so he could read them as shooting was taking place  Despite Talbot Rothwell writing in January 1967 that the part "simply yells for Phil Silvers all the way along  I just can't get this Bilko image out of my mind", the central role of the fast-talking Foreign Legion Sergeant had originally been earmarked for Sid James  However, with a commitment to the ITV sitcom George and the Dragon, James's part was recast 
The song used by Bo and the others to trick Abdul into thinking there are reinforcements coming is "Durch die grüne Heide", a marching song used by the German Army during World War II 



ground_truth: Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Are the movies The Hatton Garden Job and Carry On Cleo, from the same country?

The following are given passages.
Context 3: Passage 1:
Betty Hall
Beatrice Perin Barker Hall (March 18, 1921 – April 26, 2018) was an American politician from the state of New Hampshire  Hall served in the New Hampshire House of Representatives for a total of 28 years, serving non-consecutively from 1970 until 2008 
Hall grew up in New York City, where she attended Barnard College  In 1948, she and her husband moved to the town of Brookline, New Hampshire, where they started a textile manufacturing firm  Beginning in the 1950s and early 1960s, Hall began participating in local politics, serving on several boards and commissions in Brookline  Hall was elected to the Brookline school board in 1963, and in 1972, she was elected to the town board of selectmen 
Hall's career in statewide politics began in 1970 when she was elected to the New Hampshire House of Representatives as a member of the Republican Party  In 1986, Hall switched her party affiliation to the Democratic Party, citing the Republican Party's shift towards conservatism during the Reagan Era  During her political career, Hall was described as a firebrand who frequently bucked her party  While a Republican, Hall was seen as a liberal member of that party, and was considered to be a political enemy by conservative leaders  In the Democratic Party, Hall was a member of the grassroots base, challenging the party's establishment in a 2007 campaign for chairman of the New Hampshire Democratic Party 
In the 2000s, Hall became nationally known for her activism  In 2004, she was arrested for disorderly conduct for her participation in a protest against President George W  Bush; she was later acquitted of the charge  In 2008, Hall introduced New Hampshire House Resolution 24, which would have petitioned the United States Congress to introduce articles to impeach President Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney for their actions leading to and during the Iraq War  While the bill ultimately failed, it generated a large amount of media coverage 

Pre-political life and career
Early life and education
Beatrice Perin Barker was born on March 18, 1921, in Koblenz, Germany, where her father Joseph Warren Barker, a United States Army officer, served as the administrator of a military district following World War I  After leaving the military, Barker's father completed his education in engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, receiving an academic position at the institution  He later became the Dean of Engineering at Columbia University, and she primarily grew up in New York City  This led to Barker's entry into academia, as her father's position at Columbia University brought prominent scientists such as Enrico Fermi and Harold Urey to their home for dinner where Barker would serve as a hostess  In 1937, her mother Mary died when Barker was 16 Barker attended the Horace Mann School and later studied engineering at Barnard College  Barker would later do graduate work at the University of New Hampshire, Boston University, and the College of the Holy Cross 

Family and career
After graduating from Barnard College in 1943, Barker worked as an engineer at Western Electric  During World War II, she helped manufacture vacuum tubes for radar equipment, and her father served as a special assistant to Frank Knox, the United States Secretary of the Navy On May 27, 1944, she married Sidney Leavitt Hall, an engineer from Concord, New Hampshire, leaving her job at Western Electric to join her husband in Ohio, where he was undergoing training with the United States Air Force in order to fight in World War II  However, the war ended before he was sent overseas, and in 1948, the couple moved to Brookline, New Hampshire, a town of 800 people in Hillsborough County  Hall's grandmother, Florence Hobart Perin, was a resident of Brookline, and Hall had frequently visited and spent several summers in the town during her youth  Sidney Hall initially worked at Textron, and in 1951, the couple started a textile manufacturing firm called Hall Manufacturing Company, which was informally known as Hall Tote Bags  The company produced stitching for dry-cleaners, as well as steam air covers for dry-cleaning machines  Later, the company became locally famous for the tote bags they produced, as well as other stitched products  Hall and her husband were members of the local Church of Christ, and she was credited with uniting the Brookline Methodist and Congregationalist churches into one single church In 1957, Hall received a fellowship from the National Science Foundation  Hall served as the assistant manager for Hall Manufacturing Co  until 1962, whereupon she became a science and mathematics teacher in Groton, Massachusetts  Hall transferred to Fairgrounds Junior High School in Nashua, New Hampshire, in 1964, and taught mathematics there until 1972  In 1968, Hall was awarded a grant by the Research Corporation for Science Advancement in order to start an experimental "Mathematics Learning Laboratory" at her school  She had also been invited to academic conferences, such as the Advanced Modern Math Institute, which was sponsored by Science Research Associates Sidney Hall died in 1987 at the age of 66  Hall and her husband had 4 sons and 1 daughter  One of their sons, Sidney Hall Jr , is a locally-known author   Following her husband's death, Hall solely ran Hall Manufacturing Co , and the company was featured in a White House symposium on small businesses in 1994  Hall Manufacturing Co  closed in 2001 

Early political career
Local politics
During the 1950s and 1960s, Hall became very active in local politics, serving on numerous boards and committees in Brookline, including the board of assessors and the town finance committee  In 1961, Hall was defeated in an election for Brookline library trustee  In 1963, Hall was elected unopposed to the Brookline school board  She was re-elected in 1966, defeating future state representative Eben Bartlett and another candidate  In 1969, Hall was re-elected for her third and final term on the school board  She served as the chairman of the school board from 1964 until 1968 and again in 1971  She served a total of 9 years on the school board In 1967, Hall ran for the Brookline board of selectmen; however, she was defeated by Walter W  Frost, receiving 138 votes to Frost's 152  In 1972, Hall served as the chairman of the Brookline Republican Town Committee  Later that year, Hall again ran for the Brookline board of selectmen to succeed the retiring Grover C  Farwell, defeating two candidates to win a three-year term as selectman  Following her election to the board of selectmen, Hall did not seek another term for the school board and resigned as a teacher  In 1974, Hall served as the chairman of the board of selectmen 

Early 1970s
In 1970, Hall ran for the New Hampshire House of Representatives in Hillsborough County's 13th district as a member of the Republican Party  Hall had decided to run for state office because she "realized she was not accomplishing what she wanted to" in local office  She was recruited to run by Governor Walter R  Peterson Jr  Hall and fellow Republican Daniel Brocklebank were elected with 43% and 41% of the vote, respectively  In 1972, Hall ran for re-election in Hillsborough County's 12th district, and was elected unopposed alongside fellow Republican Jack Boyd  During the 1970s, Hall held multiple positions in the local Republican Party, serving as a member of the Republican state committee the Hillsborough County Republican Party Executive Committee 

1974 state senate campaign
In 1974, Hall ran for the 12th district of the New Hampshire Senate, running to replace retiring Republican incumbent Frederick A  Porter  In the Republican primary, Hall faced fellow state representative D  Alan Rock, as well as Milford town selectman Frederic Fletcher, a former state senator and former member of the Executive Council  During the primary, Hall campaigned via bicycle, cycling a total of 1,000 miles through the 26 towns in the district  Hall won the primary election, narrowly defeating Rock  Despite Hall placing second in her hometown of Brookline and only winning two towns, Amherst and Hollis, both towns gave her large margins  Additionally, she placed second in nearly every other town in the district, offsetting the large margin by which Rock won in Nashua  Official sources conflict on the final vote tally: the New Hampshire General Court officially reported that Hall received 1,544 votes, Rock received 1,485 votes, and Fletcher received 1,198 votes, giving Hall a winning margin of just 59 votes  However, a recount found that the margin was actually 114 votes in favor of Hall, with the town of Amherst alone overcounting 50 ballots in favor of Rock; however, the results of the recount are not officially recorded  Hall's campaign expenditure for the primary was $1,470 While there was no official Democratic Party candidate running in the heavily Republican district, both Hall and Rock also contested the Democratic primary as write-in candidates  Rock won the Democratic write-in nomination, with official sources again conflicting on the tally: the New Hampshire General Court reported that Rock received 72 votes to Hall's 71, a margin of just one vote, while a recount reportedly increased Rock's margin to 3 votes During the general election campaign, Rock was heavily supported by William Loeb III, the publisher of the Manchester Union Leader, an influential conservative newspaper  Rock frequently used the newspaper's front page to promote his campaign  While Hall was endorsed by the Nashua Telegraph, her campaign did not have the media capabilities that Rock's did, and Rock ultimately won the general election, defeating Hall by a margin of 53% to 47%  Judd Gregg, then the chairman of the Nashua Republican Party, alleged that the party's campaign literature had been tampered with; specifically, Gregg alleged that an individual had switched out Hall's campaign literature from several envelopes and replaced it with Rock's campaign literature before they were sent out to voters in Nashua  However, Hall stated that she did not believe the incident had influenced the end result of the election  Hall was succeeded in the state house by Republican Dorothy Foss Colson 

Late 1970s and early 1980s
In 1975, Hall became the chairman of the New Hampshire branch of Common Cause, a lobbying group that opposes corruption and promotes campaign finance reform  In this role, Hall advocated for good government  In the 1976 presidential election, Hall criticized Republican candidate Ronald Reagan and independent candidate Eugene McCarthy for being the only two major candidates who had not agreed to the campaign standards proposed by Common Cause  She later criticized all the presidential candidates for not discussing the costs of the programs they propose  Hall left the position in September 1977 In 1978, Hall was elected back to the New Hampshire House of Representatives for Hillsborough County's 12th district  Hall and fellow Republican Eliot B  Ware won with 36% and 31% of the vote  Hall and Ware were re-elected unopposed in 1980 In November 1980, Rock, who had still serving as the state senator for the 12th district, died of cancer just three days after winning re-election  Hall was one of four candidates vying for the Republican nomination for the February 1981 special election; instead of being elected in a primary election, the party nominee was instead to be selected by delegates of the Hillsborough County Republican Party  Hall's campaign for the nomination was heavily opposed by Robert B  Monier, the influential Republican president of the New Hampshire Senate, who viewed Hall as a political opponent  Monier instead supported John Stabile, a Nashua businessman and the New Hampshire campaign chair for John Connally's 1980 presidential campaign  The other Republican candidates were state representatives Joanne Head, Philip Labombarde, and Emma Wheeler  Despite an initial convention ending in deadlock, with 9 delegates voting for Hall and the other 9 for Stabile, the party reconvened and ultimately selected Stabile to be the Republican nominee  Stabile would go on to defeat Democratic state representative Selma Pastor and independent candidate Mark Knox, a Nashua alderman, in the special election In 1982, Hall ran for the 11th district of the New Hampshire Senate to replace retiring Republican incumbent Arthur Mann  Hall placed third in the Republican primary, losing to fellow state representative Jean T  White; Hall received 29% of the vote, while White received 40%  The second-place candidate, state representative Richard Amidon, received 31% of the vote  However, Hall won the Democratic nomination as a write-in candidate, receiving 199 votes compared to White's 81 and Amidon's 55  Hall was defeated by White in the general election, receiving 4,668 votes to White's 6,632 

Party switch and later political career
Late 1980s and 1990s
In 1986, Hall switched to the Democratic Party, citing the Republican Party's shift towards conservatism  That year, Hall ran as a Democrat for the state house in Hillsborough County's 16th district  Hall defeated incumbent Republican state representative Barbara Fried, who had been facing charges of embezzlement after it was revealed she used her position as Greenville town clerk to embezzle $10,000 in fees  Hall received 642 votes, while Fried received 555  Hall was narrowly re-elected in 1988, defeating Republican candidate Shirley A  Morley by just 54 votes out of 2,274 cast  Hall was re-elected in 1990, defeating former Republican state representative Webster E  Bridges, 56% to 44% In 1992, Hall ran for re-election in Hillsborough County's 20th district  Hall and Republican Thomas I  Arnold were elected, receiving 1,488 votes and 1,384 votes, respectively  Hall and Arnold had previously served together on the Brookline school board in the 1960s, where Arnold was the school board's moderator  The two were re-elected unopposed in 1994  In 1996, they were again re-elected, with Hall receiving 46% of the vote and Arnold receiving 36%  In 1996, Hall served as the chairman of the Hillsborough County Democratic Party  In 1998, Hall and Arnold were again re-elected  Arnold received 1,063 votes, while Hall received 1,001 Hall was an early supporter of Bill Clinton in the 1992 United States presidential election, and was a delegate for Clinton at the 1996 Democratic Party convention  Hall also praised Richard Lugar during the 1996 Republican Party presidential primaries, supporting his tax policy and stating that he seemed honest 

2000s
In 2000, Hall and Arnold were re-elected unopposed  In 2002, Hall ran for re-election in Hillsborough County's 46th district  However, Hall was defeated in the general election, placing fifth with 12% of the vote In 2004, Hall was arrested and charged with disorderly conduct at a protest against President George W  Bush in Nashua  Hall, who was 83 at the time, was sitting in a chair outside the designated area for protestors, and was close to the presidential motorcade route  Hall was also holding a sign that said, "Bush is bad for America"  After Hall refused to move, three police officers picked Hall up, "chair, cane, and all", carrying her away and arresting her  A photographer captured the arrest, and the incident became national news  Hall was acquitted in September 2004 after Nashua District Court judge Clifford Kinghorn ruled that the evidence provided did not fit the charge of disorderly conduct; Kinghorn stated that "the police had no authority under state law to make Hall move because she wasn't getting in their way"  Hall also explained that she had originally written the law that was being applied to her case Later in 2004, Hall ran again for the state house for Hillsborough County's 5th district  Hall won, placing fourth with 13% of the vote  In the 2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries, Hall was a supporter of Howard Dean's campaign  Hall was re-elected in 2006, placing fourth and receiving 13% of the vote; Hall narrowly defeated fellow incumbent Donald Ryder, a Republican, receiving just 25 more votes than him In 2007, Hall announced her candidacy for chairman of the New Hampshire Democratic Party  Her main opponent was Raymond Buckley, the vice chair of the state party and an executive member of the Democratic National Committee  During the campaign, Buckley, who was considered to be the frontrunner, was falsely accused of possessing child pornography by former state representative Steve Vaillancourt, who had been a former friend of his  Buckley was exonerated following an official state investigation, and Vaillancourt later stated that he had exaggerated in the allegations  Later in the campaign, Joe Kelly Levasseur, the chairman of the Manchester Republican Party, posted an old home video of Buckley to YouTube, in which Buckley, who is openly gay, is seen "cursing and unzipping his pants", as well as highlighting Buckley's membership in a MySpace group called "Gays in New Hampshire"  Despite this, Buckley maintained his support amongst statewide Democrats, with the exception of U S  representative Paul Hodes, who withdrew his support for Buckley following the release of the video  Buckley ultimately defeated Hall, receiving 109 votes to Hall's 17  A third candidate, former state house Democratic Leader Jim Craig, withdrew following Buckley's exoneration, but remained on the ballot 

Proposed impeachment of George W  Bush
In 2008, Hall again gained national prominence for introducing a bill in the New Hampshire House of Representatives which would petition the United States Congress to introduce articles to impeach President Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney for high crimes and misdemeanors relating to the Iraq War  The bill accused Bush and Cheney of electioneering, torture, unlawful surveillance, misleading Congress, and violating the United Nations Charter by engaging in an unlawful aggressive war, as well as other alleged crimes  The bill, New Hampshire House Resolution 24, cited section 603 of Jefferson's Manual, which states that "an impeachment may be set in motion by the United States House of Representatives by charges transmitted from the legislature of a state"  In 1973, Hall had opposed a similar bill calling for the impeachment of President Richard Nixon Hall campaigned for impeachment alongside U S  representative Dennis Kucinich, whose campaign she supported in the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries  Hall's bill was supported by Pentagon Papers leaker Daniel Ellsberg, former US attorney general Ramsey Clark, and former director of the Strategic Defense Initiative Robert M  Bowman  However, the bill also had several outspoken opponents, such as Republican state representative David Hess, who stated he had "never seen a document more vitriolic and more inflammatory" In February 2008, the House State-Federal Relations and Veterans Affairs Committee voted 10-5 to recommend that the House not vote for the bill  In April 2008, the state house voted 227-95 to table the resolution, effectively killing the legislation  Some Democrats who voted in favor of tabling the bill, such as state representatives Ray Gagnon and Susan Almy, both of whom said they supported the bill in principle, stated that the bill would take away time that could be spent fixing everyday issues  Bernie Benn, another Democratic state representative, stated that impeachment would be too divisive 

Independent candidacies
Later in 2008, Hall ran for the 12th district of the New Hampshire Senate as an independent candidate, despite still being a registered Democrat  Hall placed a distant third with just 10% of the vote  Democrat Peggy Gilmour won with 47% of the vote, while Republican state representative Paul LaFlamme received 43%  In 2010, Hall officially switched her party registration to independent, stating that she "wanted to make a statement [that] neither party was doing what they should be"  That year, Hall ran as an independent candidate for the New Hampshire House of Representatives in Hillsborough County's 5th district  However, Hall placed seventh out of eight candidates, receiving just 6% of the vote in the district she formerly represented  In 2012, Hall ran as an independent candidate for the state house in Hillsborough County's 12th district  She placed last out of five candidates, receiving 10% of the vote 

Death
Hall died on April 26, 2018, of congestive heart failure in Petersburgh, New York  At the time of her death, Hall had 5 children, 12 grandchildren, and 21 great-grandchildren 

Tenure
During her tenure with both the Republican and Democratic parties, Hall frequently challenged her party's political establishment  While in the Republican Party, Hall was seen as a member of the party's liberal wing; she was an objector to the Vietnam War and opposed an attempt to outlaw abortion, with Hall stating, "I don't think I should legislate my religious beliefs on someone else"  While a Democrat, Hall was seen as a firebrand emblematic of the party's grassroots base, challenging the Democratic establishment by opposing Buckley in 2007 and leading the attempt to impeach Bush  Hall was described as "a giant among the moral compass-holders in the community" While in the state house, Hall's primary issues were the government integrity and campaign finance reform  Hall was also an advocate for mental health issues  She served as the first president of Milford Regional Counseling Services in the 1970s, and later founded Harbor Homes, an organization that provides transitional housing for people with mental illness  In the 1960s, Hall was also the president of the Waban Association for Retarded Children 

Economy, regulation, and taxation
In 1989, Hall led opposition towards a bill which would introduce new regulations against gravel pit operators  However, the following week, in what was described as "parliamentary shenanigans", the bill was revived, amended, and passed in both chambers of the state legislature  Later in 1989, Hall sponsored a bottle bill which would have introduced a 5-cent deposit on bottles and cans in order finance recycling centers  The bill also called for bottles and cans to be recycled instead of reused  Hall sponsored a similar bill in 1979, which would have imposed a tax ranging from $25 to $9,000 a year on businesses in order to fund litter control and recycling In 1990, New Hampshire's economy collapsed and the state fell heavily into debt  Hall opposed a bill which would order the state to repay all of its bills within 30 days, stating that it didn't solve the problem and "would only make us think we're doing something"  Hall also opposed a budget which would marginally cut spending and levy small taxes, such as a 4-cent cigarette tax and a 5% phone tax, stating that "cutting 10 percent and 20 percent isn't going to do  Nickel and dime taxes aren't going to do it either"  She was instead supportive of the legislature stepping back and allow the governor to "reduce spending any way he could"  Hall had previously opposed the state budget in 1979 due to the inclusion of a 1-cent gas tax  In 2007, Hall supported legislation pushed by the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative which would "reduce carbon pollution from power plants, lower energy bills and strengthen our economy" 

Education
Throughout her career, Hall supported the breaking up of cooperative school districts  Cooperative school districts, known as school administrative units (SAUs), were school districts consisting of multiple towns  Hall said that wealthier, smaller towns would be forced to disproportionately fund an SAU when grouped with poorer, larger towns  She also said the small towns were effectively trapped in the SAU as long as the larger towns were able to out-vote the smaller towns In 1971, Hall sponsored legislation which would establish a volunteer corps to provide assistance and counseling to minors who violated the law  In 1973, she sponsored a bill which would create a scholarship program for college students from New Hampshire  After a first attempt failed in the House, the bill was amended to apply only to students attending in-state colleges  The program would provide matching funds for college students: the state would allocate 25 cents for every dollar given by a private scholarship  During her 2008 state senate campaign, Hall stated that she opposed funding education from property taxes, instead supporting a "pay-as-you-go" model



ground_truth: yes

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Do both Beauty And The Bad Man and Wild Child (Film) films have the directors from the same country?

The following are given passages.
Context 3: 

Government integrity and reform
In 1972, Hall supported an election reform bill which would restrict candidates from working in polling places in which their name was on the ballot  She was the only representative from a small town to support the bill  Introduced by state representative Chris Spirou, the bill had public support, but faced heavy opposition in the House after being "verbally beaten into the ground by many state representatives from small towns who double as election officials in their home communities"  In her support for the bill, Hall said that it could allow for more people to become involved in the political process 
While with Common Cause in 1977, Hall supported a state ethics commission to watch over the state legislature, stating that at the time New Hampshire was the only state that didn't have conflict-of-interest legislation  In 1979, Hall supported a rule change in the state house that would require all members of the House to list their sources of income  In the mid-2000s, Hall stated her concerned with the outsourcing of New Hampshire's vote counting systems to private companies, citing security and integrity concerns  In 2006, Hall proposed a bill which would make primary and general election days a state holiday  The same year, Hall supported a rules change in the state house which would end segregated party seating, which she said increased partisanship by keeping members of opposing parties separated from each other  During her independent candidacies, Hall also advocated for elections to be publicly funded in order to limit the effects of corporate influence on elections  Due to her work on campaign finance reform, Hall was frequently compared to Doris Haddock, who she was friends with, and with whom she collaborated on election reform issues with 

Notes
Passage 2:
William Worthington (actor)
William Worthington (April 8, 1872 in Troy, New York – April 9, 1941 in Beverly Hills, California) was an American silent film actor and director 

Career
Worthington became interested in the performing arts when he began his career as an opera singer and stage actor  He entered films with a lead role in 1913, and one of his more notable films was Damon and Pythias in 1914  From 1917 to 1925, William concentrated on directing films and was the head of a film production firm called Multicolor, which was bought by Cinecolor in 1932  He was active in films up until his death in 1941 

Filmography
Actor
Director
See also
Multicolor
Passage 3:
Wild Child (film)
Wild Child is a 2008 teen comedy film directed by Nick Moore and starring Emma Roberts, Natasha Richardson, Shirley Henderson, Alex Pettyfer and Aidan Quinn, with Georgia King, Kimberley Nixon, Juno Temple, Linzey Cocker and Sophie Wu  Roberts portrays Poppy Moore, a wealthy and spoiled American teenager who is sent to a boarding school in England by her widowed father, where she soon learns the true meaning of life and friendship  This was Richardson's final film role before her death the following year 

Plot
Poppy Moore, a wealthy but spoiled and rebellious teenager from Malibu, California, damages and discards the belongings of her widowed father's new girlfriend, Rosemary  She grabs a handful of Rosemary's clothes and jumps into the ocean just as her furious father, Gerry, arrives  Gerry announces he will be sending Poppy to Abbey Mount, a boarding school in England, in the hopes that attending the school will turn her life around  When Poppy arrives at Abbey Mount, she is warmly greeted by the headmistress Mrs  Kingsley, and later the head girl, Harriet Bentley, who is disgusted by her sense of entitlement  Poppy learns to her dismay that the bedrooms are communal and is introduced to Kate, Josie, Kiki and Jennifer, also known as "Drippy"  She is initially hostile towards her new roommates upon meeting them, and her behaviour gets them into trouble when she insults the Matron, who confiscates their cellphones and gives them three weeks of detention 
When Kate asks Poppy about her mother, she reveals that she died in a car crash when Poppy was eleven years old  Kate lets Poppy use her actual cellphone to message her friend from back home, Ruby, who is secretly cheating with Poppy's boyfriend, Roddy  The girls decide to help Poppy get expelled from Abbey Mount by carrying out several pranks, which gradually brings them closer together  When none of their plans work, they decide to have Poppy seduce Mrs  Kingsley's son, Freddie, who is forbidden from fraternizing with the female students  After the girls go shopping at a charity shop, they take Poppy to a hair salon for a makeover, where hairdresser Mr  Christopher removes her blonde hair dye and reveals her natural brunette hair  At the school dance, Freddie rejects Harriet in favour of dancing with Poppy, much to Harriet's dismay  Poppy trips on the dancefloor and Freddie takes her outside for fresh air, where he asks her out on a date  
The next day, Poppy discovers her newfound talent for lacrosse and becomes the team's new captain  After several weeks of practicing and improving their skills, the team advances to the finals for the first time since 1976  Finding themselves falling in love with one another, Poppy and Freddie go for a drive in the countryside, where Freddie takes Poppy out for lunch and they kiss  Poppy returns to school only to find her roommates reading an email allegedly written by her, suggesting she was pretending to be friends with them so she could get herself expelled and return to Malibu  Poppy claims she did not write the emails, but the girls refuse to listen and walk out on her  When Freddie receives a similar email, Poppy tries to explain herself, but he slams the door in her face  With no one else to turn to, Poppy sneaks into the kitchen and calls Ruby, who accidentally reveals her affair with Roddy and hangs up on her  
Feeling even more alone, Poppy starts playing with her lighter and accidentally sets a curtain on fire  Hearing footsteps, she quickly puts out the fire and runs back to her bedroom, but a few minutes later, Drippy sees the curtains engulfed in flames and is locked inside the freezer  When Poppy is awoken by the sound of an explosion, she looks out the window and sees the fire growing and immediately wakes the school  When everyone realizes Drippy is missing, Poppy runs into the burning school to rescue her  After the fire is extinguished, Freddie finds her lighter and gives it back to her, refusing to hear any explanation  Realizing she no longer wants to leave, Poppy writes an apology letter to Freddie and later goes to Mrs  Kingsley's office to take the blame for the fire  Afterwards, she finds a portrait of her late mother in the 1976 Abbey Mount lacrosse team and begins to cry upon realizing her mother had attended the school  
While Poppy waits for the Honour Court to decide whether or not she should be expelled, Freddie finds her crying and becomes convinced the fire was an accident, and forgives her  Meanwhile, Drippy reads aloud Poppy's diary, revealing how much Poppy likes her roommates, and Kiki discovers who actually wrote the emails  At the hearing, Poppy gives her testimony and Harriet is determined to prove her guilt, while Poppy's roommates arrive and begin whispering to the other girls  When they all stand up in support of Poppy, Harriet bursts into a tirade and mentions Poppy's lighter  The girls realize that no lighter was ever mentioned and Mrs  Kingsley questions how Harriet knew about the lighter  When Poppy deduces that Harriet was responsible, Harriet snaps at her and accidentally confesses to restarting the fire after Poppy had put it out  A furious Mrs  Kingsley demands to see Harriet in her office and Poppy is absolved  
At the lacrosse finals, Gerry arrives and is taken aback by Poppy's dramatic change in personality and how much she resembles her mother  Abbey Mount wins the lacrosse championship and Poppy, who admits that her father did the right thing by enrolling her at the school, reconciles with him  The next morning, Harriet is expelled and prepares to leave with her father, but not before Harriet's former friends toss her dead pheasants out the window and onto her  Several months later, Poppy and Freddie have resumed their relationship, and she invites her roommates to a pool party at her Malibu mansion  When Freddie notices Ruby trying to call Poppy, she ignores her, now well aware she is not a real friend, and the girls prepare to jump into the ocean 

Cast
Production
The interiors of the boarding school were filmed at Cobham Hall in Kent  The facade of the school was filmed at Balls Park  They also filmed at 82 Main Street, 84 Main Street, 117 Main Street, and at the Brontë Parsonage Museum in Haworth, Keighley, Bradford  Filming also took place in Harrogate, and at Robin Hood's Bay in North Yorkshire 

Reception
Wild Child was released in the United Kingdom on 15 August 2008, taking fifth place at the box office with $2,196,366 from 359 cinemas with an average of $6,118  In its fourth weekend, it dropped to twelfth place  As of November 2008, Wild Child had grossed $8,235,794  In Australia, Wild Child was released 18 September, taking fourth place with only 93 cinemas and making $315,114  The following week, it made a 60% increase with $566,918 but still slipped to 6th place  On 16 October, Wild Child fell to 11th  As of November 2008, Wild Child had grossed US$3,268,424 (A$4,236,579) in Australia  The film has been released in many other countries, proving popular in some: the Netherlands ($1,553,825) and not so popular in others  The film has grossed a worldwide total of $21,972,336  Universal had planned a North American release in the summer of 2009, but canceled it and chose to release the film directly to DVD 

Critical response
Wild Child has a 41% approval rating at Rotten Tomatoes, based on 27 reviews with an average rating of 4 8/10  The website's critical consensus reads, "More mild than wild  This tween comedy mess falls flat on its face due to poor characters, poor direction and poor jokes"  The Sun Online gave the film 2/5 saying "WILD? More like mild, unless you think short skirts and 'horse face' put-downs are outrageous " Urban Cinefile gave Wild Child a much more favourable review, stating "The film has an energy and honesty about it: it's lively, funny and smart and the characters are appealing "
Rating the film 2 out of 5 stars, The Guardian's Peter Bradshaw deemed the film's story and characters "amiable enough, but still a bit tame" compared to films such as Clueless and Freaky Friday  Describing Wild Child as "A tweenie comedy with an uplifting American-style sports movie awkwardly bolted on", David Gritten of The Daily Telegraph considered the film to be "a mess" with predictable plot twists and inferior to the film Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging  In a mostly positive review for Variety, Leslie Felperin wrote that Dahl's script "puts more emphasis on character development and plot mechanics than the recent, slapstick-laden, girls’-school-set "St  Trinian's," and still manages to have funnier one-liners"  Felperin also found that the film's "third-act endorsement of female friendship turns out to be surprisingly affecting, despite obvious sentimentality " Meanwhile, Jack Wilson of The Age took a different view of the characters' development, finding that Dahl's screenplay "dwells unpleasantly on cruelty and humiliation, and finally Poppy does little more than exchange one form of snobbery for another "

DVD release
Wild Child was released on DVD in the United Kingdom on 8 December 2008  In Australia, it was released on 15 January 2009  In the United States, it was released directly to DVD on 17 November 2009 

Soundtrack
Wild Child: The Movie Soundtrack Party Album is a soundtrack album by the film of the same name, released in the United Kingdom and Australia on 18 August 2008  In the United States, the soundtrack wasn't released 
Track listing
Other songs non-includedThe following songs appeared in the movie and trailers, although they were not included on the soundtrack for the film, due to licensing restrictions:

"Angels" – Robbie Williams
"Black Gloves" – Goose
"Chasing Pavements" – Adele
"Heaven Is a Place on Earth" – Belinda Carlisle
"I Got It from My Mama" – will i am
"Real Wild Child" – Everlife
"Roadkill Morning" – Children of Bodom
"Set 'Em Up" – Imran Hanif
"You Think I Don't Care" - Jack McManus
"Surrender Your Groove" – Geri Halliwell
"Toxic" (instrumental) – Britney Spears
Passage 4:
Nick Moore (film director)
Nick Moore is a British film director and editor  He directed the 2011 British Movie Horrid Henry: The Movie  He directed the 2008 Wild Child, and other previous work included editing the 1997 The Full Monty for which he was nominated for a BAFTA award, the 1999 hit  Notting Hill, the 2002 About a Boy for which he was nominated for the American Cinema Editors Award for Best Edited Feature Film – Comedy or Musical, and the 2003 Love Actually 

Filmography
Director
2008: Wild Child
2011: Horrid Henry: The Movie
2014: Pudsey: The Movie

Editor
1983: Never Say Never Again
1987: Empire of the Sun
1989: Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
1990: Spies Inc 
1990: Memphis Belle
1991: Meeting Venus
1992: Orlando
1993: Little Buddha
1994: A Business Affair
1994: Mary Shelley's Frankenstein
1996: Mission: Impossible
1997: The Full Monty
1998: The Land Girls
1998: Divorcing Jack
1999: Notting Hill
2000: Beautiful Joe
2001: What's the Worst That Could Happen?
2001: Ghost World
2001: All the Queen's Men
2002: About a Boy
2003: Love Actually
2004: Along Came Polly
2004: Christmas with the Kranks
2005: Nanny McPhee
2006: Freedomland
2006: Little Man
2007: Meet Bill
2008: Last Chance Harvey
2010: Leap Year
2010: Morning Glory
2012: Mirror Mirror
2013: Enough Said
2014: Finding Fanny
2014: She's Funny That Way
2015: Jenny's Wedding
2015: Burnt
2016: Bridget Jones's Baby
2017: The Ottoman Lieutenant
2018: Patrick
2018: King of Thieves
Passage 5:
Tula Belle
Tula Belle (28 July 1906 – 13 October 1992) was an American child film actress  She was born in what is now Oslo, Norway She starred in The Blue Bird 

Filmography
The Brand of Cowardice (1916)
Over the Hill (1917)
The Vicar of Wakefield (1917)
The Blue Bird (1918)
A Doll's House (1918) based on A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen
At the Mercy of Men (1918)
Deliverance (1919)
The Miracle Man (1919)
Old Dad (1920)
Passage 6:
West of Shanghai
West of Shanghai is a 1937 American adventure film directed by John Farrow and starring Boris Karloff as a Chinese warlord  It is based on the 1920 Porter Emerson Browne play The Bad Man  Three other films, all titled The Bad Man, are also based on the same play: 

in 1923, directed by Edwin Carewe and starring Holbrook Blinn
in 1930, directed by Clarence Badger and starring Walter Huston
in 1941, starring Wallace Beery and Ronald Reagan and directed by Richard Thorpe 

Plot
On a train bound for lawless northern China, businessman Gordon Creed (Ricardo Cortez) encounters acquaintance Myron Galt (Douglas Wood) and his attractive daughter Lola (Sheila Bromley)  Galt is on his way to foreclose on a very promising oilfield built up by Jim Hallet (Gordon Oliver)  Creed, on the other hand, wants to offer Hallet enough money to pay off his loan from Galt (for a tidy share of the oilfield) 
Creed is annoyed when his reserved compartment is appropriated by General Chow Fu-Shan (Vladimir Sokoloff)  The general is on his way to deal with self-styled General Wu Yen Fang (Boris Karloff), a warlord who has taken control of a province  However, Chow Fu-Shan is assassinated on the train by one of Fang's men 
After being questioned by military governor General Ma (Tetsu Komai), the three travel by horse to a remote town, where they find not only Hallet (Gordon Oliver), but Creed's estranged wife Jane (Beverly Roberts), who is working for missionary Dr  Abernathy (Gordon Hart)  Then, Fang's subordinate, Captain Kung Nui (Chester Gan) and his men take over the town  When Kung Nui casts his eyes on Jane, Hallet impulsively punches him  Jane and Hallet have fallen in love, though she does not believe in divorce and has kept their relationship strictly platonic  Hallet is knocked out and imprisoned 
When Fang arrives, he tries to persuade Jane to go with him, promising she would enjoy it (blithely explaining "I am Fang")  Hallet escapes with the help of an associate disguised as one of Fang's soldiers, and sends him to notify General Ma of Fang's whereabouts  Hallet then breaks in on Fang and Jane's private discussion  Fang remembers Hallet, who once hid a coolie and dug three bullets out of his shoulder; that was Fang before his meteoric rise  The warlord decides to help his benefactor  Fang robs Creed of $50,000, uses it to pay Galt what Hallet owes, then takes the money and offers it to Dr  Abernathy 
Creed bribes Captain Kung Nui to rebel against Fang  Kung Nui wants to regain face by having Hallet executed  Fang pretends to give in, but just before a firing squad shoots the oilman, Fang has his right-hand man, Mr  Cheng (Richard Loo), kill Kung Nui  Afterward, Fang personally shoots Creed to fix Hallet's romantic problem, but only manages to wound him 
Government troops arrive and force their way into the town  In the confusion, Jane, accompanied by Hallet, goes to attend to her husband's wound  Creed produces a gun and announces that Hallet is going to have a fatal accident, but is killed by Fang 
With the battle lost, Fang decides to surrender rather than risk the lives of his captives by fighting to the end  He is taken out and shot 

Cast
Boris Karloff as General Wu Yen Fang
Beverly Roberts as Mrs  Jane Creed
Ricardo Cortez as Gordon Creed
Gordon Oliver as Jim Hallet
Sheila Bromley as Lola Galt
Douglas Wood as Myron Galt
Vladimir Sokoloff as General Chow Fu-Shan
Gordon Hart as Dr  Abernathy
Richard Loo as Mr  Cheng
Chester Gan as Captain Kung Nui
Tetsu Komai as General Ma

Production
This was the second film John Farrow directed for Warner Bros 
Karloff was to make Black Widow for Warner Bros  But the studio pushed forward the film in their schedule to take advantage of the Second Sino-Japanese War It was known during production as China Bandit, then War Lord, then The Adventures of Fang  Filming took place in February 1937 Willard Parker was to have made his debut in the film  Karloff's makeup required three hours of work per day; this was less time than was required for his non-human roles 

Reception
The New York Times wrote Karloff "admirably acquits himself as a comedian" in the film which nonetheless had "atmospheric validity" due to "numerous Chinese extras and an imaginative treatment of sets "

See also
Boris Karloff filmography
Passage 7:
John Chaffey
John Chaffey is an English osteopathic doctor and former child film actor 

Film career
Chaffey was featured in many television adverts as a child  He is best remembered for a role in the 1973 Peter Sellers movie The Optimists of Nine Elms 

Medical career
Chaffey studied at University of East London, receiving in 1991 a research-based degree comparing osteopathic and physiotherapeutic interventions in the mechanical discomforts of pregnancy  He qualified at the British School of Osteopathy (1988)  He headed an osteopathic group practice beginning in 1991, working with a team of 11 osteopathic specialists  He attained leadership positions in the UK Osteopathy profession, being appointed as a Member of Council of UK Regulator, the General Osteopathic Council, in 2012  He is a member of the Education and Registration Standards Committee 
Chaffey has worked in osteopathic education since 1991 as a lecturer and clinic tutor  He is currently a Clinical Tutor
at the European School of Osteopathy, lecturing on communication and compliance issues  He was Module Leader for Osteopathy for 2 years at Oxford Brookes University, and currently serves as an external examiner for that institution  He became an external examiner for Final Clinical Competence in 2001 
Passage 8:
Shreya Sharma
Shreya Sharma  is an Indian child film actress  She lives in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India 

Filmography
She acted first at the age of 13 in film The Blue Umbrella 

Other
On the occasion of 125th birth year of popular Hindi writer Chandradhar Sharma ‘Guleri’, a special screening of the film Usne Kaha Tha based on one of his popular stories was held on 19 July 2008 in the capital city of Himachal Pradesh  Shreya Sharma narrated the story ahead of the screening, held at Auckland House School, Longwood 
Passage 9:
Beauty and the Bad Man
Beauty and the Bad Man is a 1925 American silent Western film directed by William Worthington and starring Mabel Ballin, Forrest Stanley, and Russell Simpson 

Plot
As described in a film magazine review, Cassie, an orphan with vocal abilities, enters the mining town after fleeing from her worthless husband of one day  She meets the gambler, who likes her and stakes her with the money he won after breaking the bank  She uses the money to cultivate her voice, and then returns to the mining town famous  Her old husband wants her to return, and when she refuses he fires a gun, but he is late and is winged by a friend of the gambler  Cassie then realizes her love for the gambler 

Cast
Preservation
With no prints of Beauty and the Bad Man located in any film archives, it is a lost film 
Passage 10:
Alias – the Bad Man
Alias – the Bad Man, also known as Alias Bad Man, is a 1931 American  pre-Code Western film, directed by Phil Rosen and starring Ken Maynard, Virginia Brown Faire, and Frank Mayo  It was released on July 15, 1931 

Plot
Clem Neville and fellow rancher Warner are being plagued by a group of rustlers  He sends for his son, Ken, to come help him round up the criminals  However, when Ken arrives he finds out that his father and Warner have been killed  He does not reveal his identity to any of the townspeople, and Warner's daughter, Mary, suspects him of being one of the rustlers  As they verbally spar, Ken learns that Mary had known of a plan of Clem and her father to trap the rustlers  The only person she shared the information with was Rance Collins  He meets up with an old friend Ranger Simpson, known by the nickname of "Repeater", who he lets know what he is attempting to do 
Suspecting that Rance must be involved, Ken learns who some of his associates are  He follows one back to the gang's hideout, and after overhearing of their plans to finish rustling Warner's cattle, steps into the room and asks for a job  Collins is skeptical, but then Repeater shows up and, as set up before by him and Ken, arrests Ken for Clem's murder  Collins suspicions of Ken are alleviated, and he and some of his men ride after the two  They help Ken escape, during which Ken makes it appear as if Repeater has been killed  However, once back at the hideout, suspicions once again begin to arise  Finally, one of the rustlers returns to the hideout and recognizes Ken from Warner's ranch earlier that day  Surrounded by the gang, Ken's horse, Tarzan comes to his rescue and breaks a window allowing him to escape 
Collins henchmen take off after Ken, while Collins remains behind to continue planning their rustling activities  Ken eludes the gang and doubles back to the hideout  He delays Collins long enough for Repeater to arrive with the sheriff to arrest Collins  Afterwards, Mary apologizes to Ken for jumping to conclusions, and Ken decides to stay on in town and run his father's ranch 

Cast list
Ken Maynard as Ken Neville
Virginia Brown Faire as Mary Warner
Frank Mayo as Rance Collins
Charles King as Black
Robert Homans as Mr  Warner
Irving Bacon as Ranger Simpson
Lafe McKee as Clem Neville

Production
In early April it was announced that one of Maynard's upcoming pictures would be titled, The Bad Man  By the middle of the month, the film had become known as Alias The Bad Man, the third of a series of eight films Maynard was slated to do for Tiffany Productions  On April 18, it was reported that Maynard had wrapped on his prior film, Two Gun Man, and that production on Alias the Bad Man would begin in the near future  The picture began filming the week of May 16, with production complete by the first week in June  The film was released on July 15, 1931 

Reception
The Film Daily gave the film a positive review, lauding the direction, story and cinematography  They also highlighted the acting work of Ken Maynard and Virginia Brown Faire  "The story is above the average western opus material, having an intelligent plot, with plenty of surprises and twists to keep the suspense always at a fever heat " Harrison's Reports said, "A good Western  The story is interesting and there is plenty of action and suspense  Some of the situations will hold the spectator breathless    "



ground_truth: no