prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Which film was released earlier, Moment Of Danger or The Ballad Of Josie?

The following are given passages.
Context 1: Passage 1:
The Ballad of Uhlans
The Ballad of Uhlans (Уланская баллада) is a 2012 Russian historical adventure film directed by Oleg Fesenko, and stars Sergei Bezrukov, Anna Chipovskaya, Anton Sokolov and Vladimir Gostyukhin 
The Ballad of Uhlans was released on 1 November 2012 in Russia 

Plot
In 1812, on the eve of the decisive Battle of Borodino, a French secret agent steals a battle plan of the Russian troops  This fact is known to General Kutuzov, thanks to a young nobleman named Alexey Tarusov  Tarusov joins a regiment of Russian lancers, and finds new friends and together they have many adventures   

Cast
Sergei Bezrukov - (Go) Rzhevskiy
Anna Chipovskaya - Panna Beata
Anton Sokolov - Alexey Tarusov
Vladimir Gostyukhin - Turusov Sr 
Anatoliy Beliy - Knyaz Kiknadze
Stanislav Duzhkinov - Ptukha
Valery Nikolaev - De Vitt
Olga Kabo - Martha
Sergei Juravel - Mikhail Kutuzov
Boris Klyuyev - Arkacheev
Eric Fratichelli - Napoleon
Dimitri Isayev - Alexander I
Gedininas Adomaitis - Armand de Kolencour
Paweł Deląg - Ledokhovskiy
Alexei Makarov - Troitskiy
Egor Pazenko - Uvarov
Svetlana Metkina - Maria Valevskaya

Home Media
The Ballad of Uhlans was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc in the Russian Federation in January 2013 

External links
Official website
The Ballad of Uhlans at IMDb
information in Kino-Teatr Ru
Passage 2:
The Ballad of Uhlans
The Ballad of Uhlans (Уланская баллада) is a 2012 Russian historical adventure film directed by Oleg Fesenko, and stars Sergei Bezrukov, Anna Chipovskaya, Anton Sokolov and Vladimir Gostyukhin 
The Ballad of Uhlans was released on 1 November 2012 in Russia 

Plot
In 1812, on the eve of the decisive Battle of Borodino, a French secret agent steals a battle plan of the Russian troops  This fact is known to General Kutuzov, thanks to a young nobleman named Alexey Tarusov  Tarusov joins a regiment of Russian lancers, and finds new friends and together they have many adventures   

Cast
Sergei Bezrukov - (Go) Rzhevskiy
Anna Chipovskaya - Panna Beata
Anton Sokolov - Alexey Tarusov
Vladimir Gostyukhin - Turusov Sr 
Anatoliy Beliy - Knyaz Kiknadze
Stanislav Duzhkinov - Ptukha
Valery Nikolaev - De Vitt
Olga Kabo - Martha
Sergei Juravel - Mikhail Kutuzov
Boris Klyuyev - Arkacheev
Eric Fratichelli - Napoleon
Dimitri Isayev - Alexander I
Gedininas Adomaitis - Armand de Kolencour
Paweł Deląg - Ledokhovskiy
Alexei Makarov - Troitskiy
Egor Pazenko - Uvarov
Svetlana Metkina - Maria Valevskaya

Home Media
The Ballad of Uhlans was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc in the Russian Federation in January 2013 

External links
Official website
The Ballad of Uhlans at IMDb
information in Kino-Teatr Ru
Passage 3:
Moment of Truth
Moment of Truth or The Moment of Truth may refer to:

Music
Album
Moment of Truth (Gerald Wilson album), 1962
Moment of Truth (Terri Nunn album), 1991
Moment of Truth, a 2004 album by Da' T R U T H 
The Moment of Truth (compilation album), a 1999 album in The Emo Diaries series
Moment of Truth (ELO Part II album), 1994
Moment of Truth (Gang Starr album), 1998, or its title track
The Moment of Truth (The Real Milli Vanilli album), 1990
Moment of Truth (Suzy Bogguss album), 1990
Moment of Truth (Man with No Name album), 1996
Moment of Truth, a 2013 album by Glenn Lewis
Moment of Truth (Tinsley Ellis album), 2007
The Moment of Truth (Crow Mother album), 2017

Songs
"The Moment of Truth" (Survivor song), 1984, part of the soundtrack for The Karate Kid
"Moment of Truth", a 2004 song by Damageplan from New Found Power
"Moment of Truth", a 1971 song by Earth, Wind & Fire from Earth, Wind & Fire
"Moment of Truth", a 1993 song by Jeff Watson from Around the Sun
"Moment of Truth", a 2023 song by Lil Durk from Almost Healed
"Moment of Truth", a 2001 song by Timothy B  Schmit from Feed the Fire

Film and television
Moment of Truth (Canadian TV series), a Canadian serial drama television series which aired on CBC Television from 1964 to 1969
Moment of Truth (2021 TV series), an American true crime documentary about the unsolved murder of James R  Jordan Sr  in 1993 
The Moment of Truth (American game show), an American game show
The Moment of Truth (British game show), a British game show
Moment of Truth (film series), a series of made-for-television movies from the Lifetime cable channel
"The Moment of Truth" (Merlin), an episode of Merlin
The Moment of Truth (1952 film), a French film
The Moment of Truth (1965 film), an Italian film
In August of 1944, or The Moment of Truth, a 2001 Russian-Belarusian action film

Other
Moment of truth (marketing), when a customer interacts with a product that changes an impression about that particular product
The Moment of Truth (novel), a 2003 novel based on the Star Wars franchise
The Moment of Truth (play), a 1951 satire comedy drama play by Peter Ustinov

See also
Epiphany (disambiguation)
Passage 4:
The Ballad of Josie
The Ballad of Josie is a 1967 Technicolor American comedy Western film directed by Andrew V  McLaglen and starring Doris Day, Peter Graves, and George Kennedy  It humorously tackles 1960s themes of feminism in a traditional Western setting 
The film featured the last acting role for William Talman  It was filmed on two locations in Thousand Oaks, California: North Ranch and Wildwood Regional Park 

Plot
Josie (Doris Day) is a young woman living in (fictional) Arapahoe County, Wyoming  She accidentally kills her abusive alcoholic husband when she opens the bedroom door and knocks him backward down the stairs  She is put on trial for his death, but is acquitted  Her father-in-law gets custody of her young son (since he was better able to provide for his care) and takes him to Cheyenne to live while she tries to build a life as a rancher (including wearing Levi's pants, boots, etc )  Josie then incurs the annoyance of her male cattle rancher neighbors by farming sheep north of the Wyoming deadline), and setting up a women's suffrage movement 

Cast
Doris Day as Josie Minick
Peter Graves as Jason Meredith
George Kennedy as Arch Ogden
Andy Devine as Judge Tatum
William Talman as District Attorney Charlie Lord
David Hartman as Sheriff Fonse Pruitt
Guy Raymond as Doc
Audrey Christie as Annabelle Pettijohn
Karen Jensen as Deborah Wilkes
Elisabeth Fraser as Widow Renfrew
Linda Meiklejohn as Jenny McCardle
Shirley O'Hara as Elizabeth
Timothy Scott as Klugg The Sheepherder
Don Stroud as Bratsch The Sheepherder
Paul Fix as Alpheus Minick
Harry Carey as Mooney, Meredith's Foreman
John Fiedler as Simpson, general store owner
Robert Lowery as Whit Minick, town drunk
Teddy Quinn as Luther Minick, Josie's son
Edward Faulkner as Juror/Liveryman

See also
List of American films of 1967
Passage 5:
The Ballad of Narayama
The Ballad of Narayama may refer to:

The Ballad of Narayama (novel), a 1956 novel by Shichirō Fukazawa
The Ballad of Narayama (1958 film)
The Ballad of Narayama (1983 film)
Passage 6:
Point Danger
Point Danger or Danger Point may refer:

Places
AustraliaPoint Danger (Tweed Heads), on the border of New South Wales and Queensland
Point Danger (Portland), south-western Victoria
Point Danger (Torquay), south-western VictoriaOther placesDanger Point (County Devon), England, UK

Facilities and structures
Danger Point Lighthouse, Walker Bay, South Africa
Point Danger Light, located at Point Danger (Tweed Heads) on the border of New South Wales and Queensland, Australia

See also
Danger (disambiguation)
Point (disambiguation)
Passage 7:
The Ballad of Cossack Golota
The Ballad of Cossack Golota (Russian: Дума про казака Голоту) is a 1937 Soviet action drama film directed by Igor Savchenko 

Plot
The film is based on the novel R V S  by Arkady Gaidar  The film takes place in 1920 during the Civil War  All the men of Olkhovka village went to war  A young man Zhigan visits his grandfather and meets the son of a soldier of the Red Army - Sashko, who becomes his friend  Sashko receives information that the bandits want to kill the red commissar who must visit the village  Guys want to warn him   The characters get mixed up with a wounded commissar and a marauding White Russian officer  They find themselves in all sorts of predicaments before the Reds arrive to save the day, and become the mascots of a troop of Bolshevik cavalry 

Starring
Konstantin Nassonov as Commissar
Leonid Shekhtman as Zhigan
Konstantin Tyrtov as Sashko
Nina Rusinova as Mother
Nikolai Sokolov as Grandfather
Viktor Seleznyov as (as Vitya Seleznyov)
Nikolay Gorlov as Ataman Levka
Faina Ranevskaya as priest's wife
Aleksandr Grechanyy as Goloven (as A  Grechanyj)
Konstantin Starostin as Ataman Kozolup (as K  Starostin)
Aleksandr Zhutaev as Vassili (as A  Zhutayev)
Y  Martsinchik as Polish Officer
Passage 8:
The Ballad of Little Joe
This is a list of VHS and DVD releases of the animated children's television series VeggieTales 

Videos
Original videos (1993–2015)
Theatrical films
Compilation videos
Collections
Lessons From The Sock Drawer (May 6, 2008): Includes various "Veggie Vault" Silly Songs, shorts, and briefs including Binky the Opera Singer, Dr  Jiggle & Mr  Sly, The Story of St  Patrick, Paco and The Singing Aardvark,  Gated Community, Paco and the Chicken, The Englishman Who Went Up The Hill, Larry's High Silk Hat, Larry's Lagoon, Modern Major General, Forgive-O-Matic, Larry's Blues, Going Up, Omelet, and Lunch
The Bumblyburg Super-Hero Value Pack: Includes Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!, Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, Dave and the Giant Pickle (first Larry-Boy Appearance), and all four episodes of Larryboy: The Cartoon Adventures 
LarryBoy Superhero Power Pack: Includes Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!, Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, LarryBoy and the Bad Apple, the 16 Feature Songs of LarryBoy: The New Soundtrack! CD and all four episodes of Larryboy: The Cartoon Adventures 
The Ultimate Christmas Collection: Includes The Toy That Saved Christmas, The Star of Christmas, Saint Nicholas: A Story of Joyful Giving, the 25 Favorite Christmas Songs! CD, Christmas Sing-Along Songs!, It's a Meaningful Life, and The Little Drummer Boy 
A Very Veggie Easter Collection: Includes An Easter Carol, Twas The Night Before Easter, and the songs from CD collections "A Very Veggie Easter" and "Hosanna!" 
The Complete Silly Song Collection: Includes Very Silly Songs!, The End of Silliness? and The Ultimate Silly Song Countdown 
VeggieTales: 30 Episodes DVD Set: Includes Where's God When I'm S-Scared?, God Wants Me to Forgive Them!?!, Are You My Neighbor?, Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!, Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, LarryBoy and the Bad Apple, The Toy That Saved Christmas, The Star of Christmas, Saint Nicholas: A Story of Joyful Giving, King George and the Ducky, Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen, Duke and the Great Pie War, Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Samson's Hairbrush, Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Noah's Umbrella, Sheerluck Holmes and the Golden Ruler, Rack, Shack and Benny, Dave and the Giant Pickle, Josh and the Big Wall!, The Ballad of Little Joe, Moe and the Big Exit, Tomato Sawyer and Huckleberry Larry's Big River Rescue, It's a Meaningful Life, Sweetpea Beauty: A Girl After God's Own Heart, The Wonderful Wizard of Ha's, Sumo of the Opera, Gideon: Tuba Warrior, Abe and the Amazing Promise, Lyle the Kindly Viking, A Snoodle's Tale and Pistachio - The Little Boy That Woodn't 
All the Shows Volume 1 1993–2000: Includes "Where's God When I'm S-Scared", "God Wants Me to Forgive Them!?!", "Are You My Neighbor?", "Rack, Shack and Benny", "Dave and the Giant Pickle", "The Toy That Saved Christmas", "Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!", "Josh and the Big Wall", "Madame Blueberry" and "Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed" 
All the Shows Volume 2 2000–2005: Includes "King George and the Ducky", "Esther: The Girl Who Became Queen", "Lyle the Kindly Viking", "The Star of Christmas", "The Ballad of Little Joe", "An Easter Carol", "A Snoodle's Tale", "Sumo of the Opera", "Duke and the Great Pie War" and "Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Samson's Hairbrush" 
All the Shows Volume 3 2006–2010: Includes "Sheerluck Holmes and the Golden Ruler", "LarryBoy and the Bad Apple", "Gideon: Tuba Warrior", "Moe and the Big Exit", "Tomato Sawyer and Huckleberry Larry's Big River Rescue", "Abe and the Amazing Promise", "Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Noah's Umbrella", "Saint Nicholas", "Pistachio" and "Sweetpea Beauty" 
25th Anniversary 10-Movie Collection: Includes Jonah: A VeggieTales Movie, The Pirates Who Don't Do Anything: A VeggieTales Movie, A Snoodle's Tale, Lyle the Kindly Viking, Pistachio - The Little Boy That Woodn't, Sweetpea Beauty, Sumo of the Opera, Sheerluck Holmes and the Golden Ruler, Robin Good and His Not So Merry Men and The Penniless Princess 
The VeggieTales Christmas Classics: Includes The Toy That Saved Christmas, The Star of Christmas, Saint Nicholas: A Story of Joyful Giving, Christmas Sing-Along Songs!, It's a Meaningful Life, The Little Drummer Boy and Merry Larry and the True Light of Christmas 
LarryBoy Ultimate Superhero Collection: Includes Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!, Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, LarryBoy and the Bad Apple, The League of Incredible Vegetables, and all four episodes of Larryboy: The Cartoon Adventures 

Double features
Holiday Double Feature: Includes The Toy that Saved Christmas and The Star of Christmas 
Lessons in Telling the Truth and The Power of Words Double Feature: Includes Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space! and Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed 
Lessons in Thankfulness and Courage Double Feature: Includes Madame Blueberry and Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen 
Lessons in Obedience and Selfishness Double Feature: Includes Josh and the Big Wall and King George and the Ducky 
Halloween Double Feature: Includes Where's God When I'm S-Scared? and Rack, Shack & Benny 
Heroic Legends Double Feature: Includes The League of Incredible Vegetables and Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen 
Lessons in Friendship and Facing Hardship Double Feature: Includes Sheerluck Holmes and the Golden Ruler and The Ballad of Little Joe 
Silly Songs! Double Feature: Includes Very Silly Songs! and The Ultimate Silly Song Countdown 
Good Friends! Double Feature: Includes Rack, Shack & Benny and Tomato Sawyer and Huckleberry Larry's Big River Rescue  
Growing Generous Kids!: Includes Lyle the Kindly Viking and King George and the Ducky 
Growing Patient Kids!: Includes Abe and the Amazing Promise and Sumo of the Opera 
Growing Faithful Kids!: Includes "The Grapes Of Wrath" (from God Wants Me To Forgive Them!?!) and 'Gideon: Tuba Warrior' 
Growing Kindhearted Kids!: Includes  Tomato Sawyer and Huckleberry Larry's Big River Rescue and Babysitter in De Nile" (from Duke and the Great Pie War)
Growing Courageous Kids!: Includes The Ballad of Little Joe and "Bully Trouble" (from Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Samson's Hairbrush) 
Growing Confident Kids!: Includes Rack, Shack and Benny and A Snoodle's Tale 
Movie Time!: Includes Jonah: A VeggieTales Movie &  The Pirates Who Don't Do Anything 

Triple features
Bob and Larry's Favorite Stories! (March 31, 1998): Includes Where's God When I'm S-Scared?, God Wants Me to Forgive Them!?!, and Are You My Neighbor? 
More of Bob and Larry's Favorite Stories (August 25, 1998): Includes Rack, Shack and Benny, Dave and the Giant Pickle, and Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space! 
Junior's Favorite Stories (November 9, 1999): Includes Josh and the Big Wall!, Very Silly Songs!, and Madame Blueberry 
Larry's Favorite Stories (May 23, 2000): Includes Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, The End of Silliness, and King George and the Ducky 
Classics from the Crisper (September 18, 2001): Includes Esther: The Girl Who Became Queen, Lyle the Kindly Viking, and The Ultimate Silly Song Countdown 
"Lions, Shepherds and Queens (Oh My!)" Includes "Daniel and the Lions' Den", "Dave and the Giant Pickle" and "Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen" 
"Stand Up, Stand Tall, Stand Strong!" Includes "The Story of Flibber-o-Loo", "Rack, Shack and Benny" and "Josh and the Big Wall!"
Multi-Feature: Includes Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Samson's Hairbrush, Sumo of the Opera, and Dave and the Giant Pickle 
Girl Power! A VeggieTriple Feature: Includes Madame Blueberry, Duke and the Great Pie War, and Esther: The Girl Who Became Queen 
Superhero! A VeggieTriple Feature: Includes Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!, Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, and LarryBoy and the Bad Apple 
Lessons for a Lifetime! A VeggieTriple Feature: Includes Jonah: A VeggieTales Movie, Lyle the Kindly Viking, and Gideon: Tuba Warrior 
God Made You Special! (August 11, 2007): Includes "Dave and the Giant Pickle", "The Gourds Must Be Crazy", and "A Snoodle's Tale"  Also includes a new short, "Bob's Vacation"
"A Baby, A Quest and the Wild Wild West!": Includes "The Ballad of Little Joe", "Babysitter in DeNile" and "Mo and the Big Exit" 
God Loves You Very Much! A VeggieTriple Feature: Includes "The Ballad of Little Joe", "Gideon, Tuba Warrior", and "Rack, Shack and Benny" 
"A Silly Little Thing Called Love" A VeggieTale Triple Feature : Includes "The Story of Flibber -o-Loo", "Duke and the Great Pie War", and "Madame Blueberry" 
"Happy Together": Includes "Sherlock Holmes and the Golden Ruler", "The Grapes of Wrath" and "Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen" 
Veggie Classics! A VeggieTriple Feature: Includes Where's God When I'm S-Scared?, God Wants Me to Forgive Them!?!, and Are You My Neighbor? 
Bible Heroes! A VeggieTriple Feature: Includes Josh and the Big Wall!, Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen, and Moe and the Big Exit 
Royalty Collection! A Queen, A King and a Very Blue Berry: Includes Madame Blueberry, King George and the Ducky, and Esther: The Girl Who Became Queen 
Adventure Pack! The Search and Rescue Edition!: Includes Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Samson's Hairbrush, Sheerluck Holmes and the Golden Ruler, and Tomato Sawyer and Huckleberry Larry's Big River Rescue 
Good Guys! Triple Feature: Includes Dave and the Giant Pickle, Josh and the Big Wall!, and Tomato Sawyer and Huckleberry Larry's Big River Rescue 

Quadruple features
Funtastic Four!: Includes Robin Good, Big River Rescue, Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Noah's Umbrella, and Sheerluck Holmes 
Bible Story Collection: Includes King George and the Ducky, Dave and the Giant Pickle, Rack, Shack and Benny and Josh and the Big Wall!
Princess Story Collection: Includes Sweetpea Beauty, Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen, The Penniless Princess, and Princess and the Popstar 
Bible Heroes - 4 Movie Collection: Includes Noah's Ark, Gideon: Tuba Warrior, Josh and the Big Wall! and King George and the Ducky 
Bible Heroes - 4 Movie Collection 2: Includes Moe and the Big Exit, The Ballad of Little Joe, Esther    The Girl Who Became Queen and Dave and the Giant Pickle 
Superhero! - 4 Movie Collection: Includes Larry-Boy! And the Fib from Outer Space!, Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed, LarryBoy and the Bad Apple and The League of Incredible Vegetables 
Passage 9:
Eskimo Nell (film)
Eskimo Nell, also known as The Ballad of Eskimo Nell and as The Sexy Saga of Naughty Nell and Big Dick, is a 1975 British sex comedy film directed by Martin Campbell and produced by Stanley Long  Though inspired by "The Ballad of Eskimo Nell", the movie owes little to the original bawdy song 
Long called it "my definitive statement about the sex films" 

Plot
Budding film director Dennis Morrison (Michael Armstrong), producer Clive Potter (Terence Edmond), and screenwriter Harris Tweedle (Christopher Timothy) are hired by seedy erotic film producer Benny U  Murdoch (Roy Kinnear) to make a dirty movie based on the poem "The Ballad of Eskimo Nell"  However they run into difficulty when each of the production's backers want a completely different style of film made  Then Murdoch makes off with the money and the three have to produce four different versions of the movie to keep everybody happy - a gay Western, a hardcore porno, a Kung Fu-style musical, and a wholesome family production 

Cast
Background
Many of the film's characters are based on real personalities of the time  Lady Longhorn and Lord Coltwind — the backers of the wholesome family version — are thinly veiled caricatures of Mary Whitehouse and Lord Longford  Benny U  Murdoch is loosely based on Tony Tenser, head of Tigon films  A more obscure figure the film ridicules is Louis "Deke" M  Heyward, the London representative of AIP (American International Pictures), who had previously clashed with the film's writer Michael Armstrong in 1969 during the making of Armstrong's directing debut, The Haunted House of Horror  In Eskimo Nell Heyward is parodied as "Big Dick", a crass, foul-mouthed American producer from "A W P Films", and the backer of the hardcore porno version  A similar character had previously appeared in Armstrong's script for The Sex Thief in 1973 
A pre-fame Mary Millington, then just a jobbing actress and model using her married name Mary Maxted, has a small role in the film as a stripping traffic warden who auditions for a part in the film within a film   Although Millington appears only fleetingly (with her audition speeded up for comic effect), stills from her scene were used to publicize the film in magazines including Titbits and Cinema X 
The film is not to be confused with Richard Franklin's 1975 film The True Story of Eskimo Nell which was released in the UK as Dick Down Under  Campbell's film was re-titled The Sexy Saga of Naughty Nell and Big Dick in Australia 
Long half financed with Eagle films  He was a director by then but let Martin Campbell direct because he "thought he was very talented"  Long says the film is loosely based on fact and real people who were in the film industry 

Home media
Eskimo Nell was released in a 'special edition' DVD and Blu-ray on 16 February 2015, to celebrate its 40th anniversary (the film was originally released in London in January 1975)  The new edition has been digitally re-mastered at Pinewood Studios and comes with several extra features including the original theatrical trailer (unseen since 1975), an audio commentary by the film's actor-writer Michael Armstrong and film historian Simon Sheridan, an 8-page booklet, plus an extensive stills gallery and a newly re-mastered version of Mary Millington's short 1974 film Wild Lovers 
Passage 10:
Moment of Danger
Moment of Danger (also known as Malaga) is a 1960 British crime drama film starring Trevor Howard, Dorothy Dandridge and Edmund Purdom  It was filmed in Europe in the late months of 1959 
The film is based on the novel by Donald MacKenzie, and it was brought to the screen by David D  Osborn  The film proved to be the final completed film for Dorothy Dandridge 

Plot
Starting with a wordless jewel heist pulled-off by thief Peter Curran and locksmith John Bain, Curran then double-crosses his accomplice, dumps his lover Gianna and escapes with his ill-gotten gains   In the aftermath Gianna teams up with Bain and the two of them decide to even the score with Curran, developing feelings for each other along the way 

Cast
Trevor Howard as John Bain
Dorothy Dandridge as Gianna
Edmund Purdom as Peter Carran
Michael Hordern as Inspector Farrell
Paul Stassino as Juan Montoya
John Bailey as Cecil
Alfred Burke as Shapley
Peter Illing as Pawnbroker
Martin Boddey as Sir John Middleburgh

Background
Before the film's release, Jet magazine said it "concerns a girl     and a man     who, broke and stranded, are on the run from the law   (at one point) the girl goes out and gets money as a prostitute "  One author describes Michael Hordern's appearance in the movie as a "sympathetic copper who knows that Trevor Howard is a jewel thief – thanks to Howard's double-crossing partner Edmond Purdom – but lacks the evidence to make an arrest "In the film Dorothy Dandridge was cast as a woman of colour of European descent with the Italian name of Gianna   In some pre-release publicity, one magazine article made a point of saying that when Trevor Howard's character kissed Dorothy, it was the first time in her career that she had received an on-screen kiss from a white man  This was not so as the actors barely touched throughout, but director László Benedek created some strongly understated sexual tension  The actress' first screen kiss so described occurred when starring with German actor Curd Jürgens in the 1958 Italian production Tamango 
Context 2: Passage 1:
Mélanie Bernard
Mélanie Bernard (born 14 September 1974) is a former professional tennis player from Canada 

Biography
A right-handed player from Quebec, Bernard had a best singles ranking of 253 
Bernard was most successful as a doubles player, ranked as high as 90 in the world, often partnering with Caroline Delisle  She and Delisle made the round of 16 at the 1994 French Open  The pair also competed together in the main draw of the 1995 Wimbledon Championships and took a set off top seeds Gigi Fernández and Natasha Zvereva in a first round loss 

ITF finals
Doubles (4–6)
Passage 2:
Jean-David Bernard
Jean-David Bernard (born 27 July 1977 in Melun) is a French rower 
Passage 3:
Bernard (son of Charles the Fat)
Bernard or Bernhard (c  870 – 891/2) was the only child of Emperor Charles the Fat  He was born of an unknown concubine and was thus considered illegitimate  Charles tried to make him his heir, but failed in two attempts 
Charles tried to have Bernard recognised as his heir in 885, but met the opposition of several bishops  He had the support of Pope Adrian III, whom he invited to an assembly in Worms in October 885, but who died on the way, just after crossing the river Po  Adrian was going to depose the obstructing bishops, as Charles doubted he could do this himself, and legitimise Bernard  Based on the disfavouring attitude of the chronicler of the Mainz continuation of the Annales Fuldenses, the chief of Charles' opponents in the matter was probably Liutbert, Archbishop of Mainz  Because Charles had called together the "bishops and counts of Gaul" as well as the pope to meet him at Worms, it seems likely that he planned to make Bernard King of Lotharingia  Notker the Stammerer, who considered Bernard as a possible heir, wrote in his Deeds of Charlemagne: "I will not tell you [Charles the Fat] of this [the Viking sack of the Abbey of Prüm] until I see your little son Bernard with a sword girt to his thigh " Perhaps Notker was awaiting Bernard's kingship, when Prüm would be avenged  
After the failure of his first attempt, Charles set about to try again, apparently having given up on having any legitimate children with his wife, Richardis  He had the term proles (offspring) inserted into his charters as it had not been in previous years, probably because he desired to legitimise Bernard  In early 886, Charles met the new Pope, Stephen V, and probably negotiated for the recognition of his son as his heir  When Stephen cancelled a planned meeting at Waiblingen on 30 April 887, Charles probably abandoned his plans for Bernard and instead adopted Louis of Provence as his son at Kirchen in May  It is possible, however, that the agreement with Louis was only designed to engender support for Bernard's subkingship in Lotharingia  
After his father's death, Bernard became the focus of revolt for some Alemannian magnates  In 890, he rebelled against Arnulf of Carinthia and prevented the king from going into Italy as requested by Pope Stephen V  Bernard had the support of Count Ulrich of the Linzgau and Argengau and Bernard, Abbot of Saint Gall  Probably, he fled Alemannia for Italy and the protection of Arnulf's rival, King Guy, as recorded by the late medieval historian Gobelinus, who may have had a lost Carolingian work as his source  By the winter of 891/2, Bernard had returned to Alemannia  The revolt was finally put down by Solomon III, Bishop of Constance, and Hatto, Abbot of Reichenau  Arnulf entered Alemannia in the summer to redistribute lands  Bernard was killed by Rudolf, Duke of Rhaetia, and only then did the unrest in Alemannia cease These events are not mentioned in the main East Frankish source, the Annals of Fulda, rather they come from brief notices in the Annales Alamannici and Annales Laubacenses, which record that in 890, "Bernard, Charles's son, barely escaped the net", and in 891 (which possibly should be 892), he "was killed by Rudolf", without specifying who Rudolf was 

Notes
Sources
Offergeld, Thilo (2001)  Reges pueri: Das Königtum Minderjähriger im frühen Mittelalter  Vol  2 vols  Hanover 
Reuter, Timothy (1991)  Germany in the Early Middle Ages, c  800–1056  London: Longman 
Reuter, Timothy, ed  (1992)  The Annals of Fulda  Manchester Medieval Series, Ninth-Century Histories, Volume II  Manchester University Press 
MacLean, Simon (2003)  Kingship and Politics in the Late Ninth Century: Charles the Fat and the End of the Carolingian Empire  Cambridge University Press 
Passage 4:
Michèle Bernard
Michèle Bernard (French: [miʃɛl bɛʁnaʁ], born 26 October 1947) is a French singer and songwriter 

Discography
1988 : Michèle Bernard en Public
1992 : Des nuits noires de monde
1997 : Nomade     (Chansons pour les petits et les grands)
1997 : Quand vous me rendrez visite
1999 : Voler   
2002 : Mes premiers vinyls
2002 : Une fois qu'on s'est tout dit
2004 : Poésies pour les enfants
2004 : L'oiseau noir du champ fauve, cantate pour Louise Michel
2006 : Le nez en l'air
2008 : Piano Voix
2008 : Monsieur je m'en fous
2010 : Des nuits noires de monde Live
2012 : Sens Dessus Dessous

Awards
Grand Prix musique jeune public ADAMI 2013
Passage 5:
Yvonne Bernard
Yvonne Mercedes Bernard (born March 6, 1959) is an American film, television, and commercial producer 

Life and career
Yvonne M  Bernard was born in Tarrytown, New York to Bob and Prudy Bernard  She is the sister of Dan Bernard, who is the SVP of Development and Production at Lookout Entertainment and frequently collaborates with her as a producer on several features and commercial projects   Yvonne has four siblings,  Bob Bernard,  Daphne Broudy, and the Lynne Bernard   She attended the University of Iowa and graduated with a degree in Journalism and Theater Arts 
Yvonne represents and produces all content for her friend, author R  L  Stine for film and television  She became one of the first women to 100 per cent own a production company in the United States 
After working on a Stine film in Morocco in the early 1990s, Bernard started an import/export business in California  At the time, she was the only American importing Moroccan goods into the United States 
In 1996, Bernard founded Lookout Entertainment Inc , a film, TV, digital media and commercial production company located in Hermosa Beach, California  Bernard/Lookout has gone on to produce commercials, feature films, and television shows  In addition, she has also produced a number of short films that have been used on rides in prominent theme parks including SeaWorld, San Diego and Busch Gardens 
Bernard has served as an producer for  films including ”Mostly Ghostly: Who Let the Ghosts Out?(2008)”, Mostly Ghostly: Have You Met My Ghoulfriend?(2014), ”Mostly Ghostly: One Night in Doom House”  and Mostly Ghostly: Have You Met My Ghoulfriend? (2016)  Throughout her career, she has also been credited an executive producer for the short film Haunted Lighthouse (2003), MTV series Eye Candy (TV series) (2015), and numerous commercials for Ross Stores, Wendy's, Carl's Jr , Mercury Insurance, Smart and Final, Anna's Linens and Shoe PavilionShe is currently working with Warner Bros , Fox, Disney and Lions Gate 
Bernard currently resides in Hermosa Beach, where she lives with her partner Henry, her two children and their two golden retrievers, Gracie and Porter 

Filmography
2003: Haunted Lighthouse (executive producer)
2008: Mostly Ghostly: Who Let the Ghosts Out?
2014: Mostly Ghostly: Have You Met My Ghoulfriend? (executive producer)
2015: Eye Candy (TV series) (11 episodes, executive producer)
2016 Mostly Ghostly: One Night in Doom House (executive producer)
Passage 6:
Joel Bernard
Joel Bernard (born December 8, 1963) is a Canadian conservative politician 

Political career
Provincial
He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, representing Nepisiguit, in the general election of 1999 and became deputy speaker of the Legislature   He was defeated in his bid for a second term in the 2003 election by former Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) Frank Branch  Branch had represented the area from 1970 to 1995, when he retired and did not seek re-election 
Bernard was one of several defeated Progressive Conservative MLAs who were appointed to government positions by Premier Bernard Lord following their defeat in the 2003 election   These appointments were widely criticized as excessive patronage by the media and the opposition Liberals 
Bernard had been appointed to oversee and economic development fund for the Restigouche-Baie des Chaleurs region  He took a leave of absence from his position in March 2004 to be a Conservative candidate in the 2004 federal election 

Federal
In late April 2005, Bernard announced he would be a candidate for the Conservative nomination for the riding of Ottawa—Orléans for the next federal election   On May 16, he was defeated by Royal Galipeau, a former member of the Liberal Party of Canada, for the nomination by a margin of 174 to 126, who went on to win the seat in the election 
From 2006 to 2008, Bernard held the position of Senior Policy Advisor in the office of Stockwell Day, Minister of Public Safety in the new Conservative government 
In the 2008 federal election, the Conservative Party brought Bernard to Nova Scotia to run against Conservative-turned-Independent Bill Casey in the riding of Cumberland–Colchester–Musquodoboit Valley  On election night, Casey was re-elected by over 22,000 votes, with Bernard finishing third, polling just under 9% Bernard was the Senior Policy Advisor for aerospace, procurements, industrial regional benefits and the auto file to Tony Clement, Minister of Industry Canada, until he left the position in 2010  Since then, he has held several positions of Senior Policy Advisor for Fisheries & Oceans Canada, International Development and La francophonie  He is presently employed as a Parliamentary Affairs Advisor for Pierre Paul-Hus, the Shadow minister for Public Safety, Border Security and Emergency Preparedness and the Member of Parliament for Charlesbourg – Haute – Saint-Charles 
In March 2019, Bernard won the Ottawa—Vanier Conservative nomination contest, becoming their candidate for the 2019 federal election 

Personal life
He lives in Ottawa, Ontario with his wife Catherine and his two children, Lilianne and Samuel  Joel's sister-in-law is the former special assistant of former Chief of Staf Nigel Wright, and later former personnel manager of the Office of the Prime Minister of Canada Monica Bernard 
Joel Bernard is an evangelical Christian 

Electoral record
Federal
Provincial
Passage 7:
Escarlata Bernard
Victoria Escarlata Bernard (born 17 March 1989 in Las Palmas) is a Spanish backstroke swimmer who competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics 
Passage 8:
Charles the Fat
Charles III (839 – 13 January 888), also known as Charles the Fat, was the emperor of the Carolingian Empire from 881 to 888  A member of the Carolingian dynasty, Charles was the youngest son of Louis the German and Hemma, and a great-grandson of Charlemagne  He was the last Carolingian emperor of legitimate birth and the last to rule a united kingdom of the Franks 
Over his lifetime, Charles became ruler of the various kingdoms of Charlemagne's former empire  Granted lordship over Alamannia in 876, following the division of East Francia, he succeeded to the Italian throne upon the abdication of his older brother Carloman of Bavaria who had been incapacitated by a stroke  Crowned emperor in 881 by Pope John VIII, his succession to the territories of his brother Louis the Younger (Saxony and Bavaria) the following year reunited the kingdom of East Francia  Upon the death of his cousin Carloman II in 884, he inherited all of West Francia, thus reuniting the entire Carolingian Empire 
Usually considered lethargic and inept—he was frequently ill, and is believed to have had epilepsy—Charles twice purchased peace with Viking raiders, including at the infamous Siege of Paris, which led to his downfall 
The reunited empire did not last  During a coup led by his nephew Arnulf of Carinthia in November 887, Charles was deposed in East Francia, Lotharingia, and the Kingdom of Italy  Forced into quiet retirement, he died of natural causes in January 888, just a few weeks after his deposition  The Empire quickly fell apart after his death, splintering into five separate successor kingdoms; the territory it had occupied was not entirely reunited under one ruler until the conquests of Napoleon 

Nickname and number
The nickname "Charles the Fat" (Latin Carolus Crassus) is not contemporary  It was first used by the Annalista Saxo (the anonymous "Saxon Annalist") in the twelfth century  There is no contemporary reference to Charles's physical size, but the nickname has stuck and is the common name in most modern European languages (French Charles le Gros, German Karl der Dicke, Italian Carlo il Grosso) His numeral is roughly contemporary  Regino of Prüm, a contemporary of Charles's recording his death, calls him "Emperor Charles, third of that name and dignity" (Latin Carolus imperator, tertius huius nominis et dignitatis) 

Biography
Youth and inheritance
Charles was the youngest of the three sons of Louis the German, first King of East Francia, and Hemma from the House of Welf  An incident of demonic possession is recorded in his youth, in which he was said to have been foaming at the mouth before he was taken to the altar of the church  This greatly affected him and his father  He was described as: "… a very Christian prince, fearing God, with all his heart keeping His commandments, very devoutly obeying the orders of the Church, generous in alms-giving, practising unceasingly prayer and song, always intent upon celebrating the praises of God "In 859, Charles was made Count of the Breisgau, an Alemannic march bordering southern Lotharingia  In 863 his rebellious eldest brother Carloman revolted against their father  The next year Louis the Younger followed Carloman in revolt and Charles joined him  Carloman received rule over the Duchy of Bavaria  In 865, the elder Louis was forced to divide his remaining lands among his heirs: the Duchy of Saxony (along with the Duchy of Franconia and the Duchy of Thuringia) went to Louis, Alemannia (the Duchy of Swabia along with Rhaetia) went to Charles, and Lotharingia was to be divided between the younger two When in 875 the Emperor Louis II, who was also King of Italy, died having agreed with Louis the German that Carloman would succeed him in Italy, Charles the Bald of West Francia invaded the peninsula and had himself crowned king and emperor  Louis the German sent first Charles and then Carloman himself, with armies containing Italian forces under Berengar of Friuli, their cousin, to the Italian kingdom  These wars, however, were not successful until the death of Charles the Bald in 877 In 876 Louis the German died and the inheritance was divided as planned after a conference at Ries, though Charles received less of his share of Lotharingia than planned  In his charters, Charles's reign in Germania is dated from his inheritance in 876 

Acquisition of Italy
Three brothers ruled in cooperation and avoided wars over the division of their patrimony: a rare occurrence in the Early Middle Ages  In 877, Carloman finally inherited Italy from his uncle Charles the Bald  Louis divided Lotharingia and offered a third to Carloman and a third to Charles  In 878, Carloman returned his Lotharingian share to Louis, who then divided it evenly with Charles  In 879, Carloman was incapacitated by a stroke and divided his domains between his brothers: Bavaria went to Louis and Italy to Charles  Charles dated his reign in Italia from this point, and from then he spent most of his reign until 886 in his Italian kingdom In 880, Charles joined Louis III of France and Carloman II, the joint kings of West Francia, in a failed siege of Boso of Provence in Vienne from August to September  Provence, legally a part of the Italian kingdom from 863, had rebelled under Boso  In August 882, Charles sent Richard, Duke of Burgundy, Count of Autun, to take the city, which he finally did in September  After this, Boso was restricted to the vicinity of Vienne 

Imperial coronation
On 18 July 880, Pope John VIII sent a letter to Guy II of Spoleto seeking peace, but the duke ignored him and invaded the Papal States  John responded by begging the aid of Charles in his capacity as king of Italy and crowned Charles emperor on 12 February 881  This was accompanied by hopes of a general revival in western Europe, but Charles proved to be unequal to the task  Charles did little to help against Guy II  Papal letters as late as November were still petitioning Charles for action As emperor, Charles began the construction of a palace at Sélestat in Alsace  He modelled it after the Palace at Aachen which was built by Charlemagne, whom he consciously sought to emulate, as indicated by the Gesta Karoli Magni of Notker the Stammerer  As Aachen was located in the kingdom of his brother, it was necessary for Charles to build a new palace for his court in his own power base of western Alemannia  Sélestat was also more centrally located than Aachen In February 882, Charles convoked a diet in Ravenna  The duke, emperor, and pope made peace and Guy and his uncle, Guy of Camerino, vowed to return the papal lands  In a March letter to Charles, John claimed that the vows went unfulfilled  In 883, Guy of Camerino, now duke of Spoleto, was accused of treason at an imperial synod held at Nonantula late in May  He returned to Spoleto and made an alliance with the Saracens  Charles sent Berengar against Guy III  Berengar was initially successful until an epidemic of disease, which ravaged all of Italy, affecting the emperor and his entourage as well as Berengar's army, forced him to retreat In 883, Charles signed a treaty with Giovanni II Participazio, Doge of Venice, granting that any assassin of a doge who fled to the territory of the Empire would be fined 100 lbs of gold and banished 

Rule in East Francia
In the early 880s, the remnants of the Great Heathen Army, defeated by Alfred the Great at the Battle of Ethandun in 878, began to settle in the Low Countries  Charles's brother Louis the Younger had opposed them with some success, but he died after a short campaign on 20 January 882, leaving his throne to Charles, who reunited the whole East Frankish kingdom After returning from Italy, Charles held an assembly at Worms with the purpose of dealing with the Vikings  Armies from the whole East Francia were assembled in the summer under Arnulf, Duke of Carinthia, and Henry, Count of Saxony  The chief Viking camp was then besieged at Asselt  Charles then opened negotiations with the Viking chiefs Godfrid and Sigfred  Godfrid accepted Christianity and became Charles's vassal  He was married to Gisela, daughter of Lothair II of Lotharingia  Sigfred was bribed off  Despite the insinuations of some modern historians, no contemporary account criticised Charles's actions during this campaign  In 885, fearing Godfrid and his brother-in-law, Hugh, Duke of Alsace, Charles arranged for a conference at Spijk near Lobith, where the Viking leader fell into his trap  Godfrid was executed, and Hugh was blinded and sent to Prüm From 882 to 884, the Wilhelminer War engulfed the March of Pannonia (later March of Austria)  Arnulf of Carinthia, Charles's illegitimate nephew, made an alliance with the rebel Engelschalk II against Aribo of Austria, Charles's appointed margrave of the region  Svatopluk I, ruler of Great Moravia, agreed to help Aribo and in 884 at Kaumberg took an oath of fidelity to Charles  Though the emperor lost his vassals of the Wilhelminer family and his relationship with his nephew was broken, he gained powerful new allies in the Moravian dux and other Slavic duces of the region 

Rule in West Francia
When Carloman II of West Francia died on 12 December 884, the nobles of the kingdom invited Charles to assume the kingship  Charles gladly accepted, it being the third kingdom to "fall into his lap"  According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Charles succeeded to all of the kingdom of Carloman except Brittany, but this does not seem to have been true  It is likely that Charles was crowned by Geilo, Bishop of Langres, as rex in Gallia on 20 May 885 at Grand in the Vosges in southern Lorraine  Although Geilo even developed a special West Frankish seal for him, Charles's government in the West was always very distant and he left most day-to-day business to the higher nobility Though West Francia (the future France) was far less menaced by the Vikings than the Low Countries, it was heavily hit nonetheless  In 885, a huge fleet led by Sigfred sailed up the Seine, for the first time in years, and besieged Paris  Sigfred demanded a bribe again, but this time Charles refused  He was in Italy at the time and Odo, Count of Paris, sneaked some men through enemy lines to seek his aid  Charles sent Henry of Saxony to Paris  In 886, as disease began to spread through Paris, Odo himself went to Charles to seek support  Charles brought a large army and encircled the army of Rollo and set up a camp at Montmartre  However, Charles had no intention of fighting  He sent the attackers up the Seine to ravage Burgundy, which was in revolt  When the Vikings withdrew from France next spring, he gave them 700 pounds of promised silver  Charles's prestige in France was greatly diminished Charles issued a number of charters for West Frankish recipients during his stay in Paris during and after the siege  He recognised rights and privileges granted by his predecessors to recipients in the Spanish March and Provence, but especially in Neustria, where he had contact with Nantes at a time when the Breton duke Alan I was known to be powerful in the county of Nantes  It is probable that Charles granted Alan the right to be titled rex; as emperor he would have had that prerogative and Alan's use of the title appears legitimate  A charter dated to between 897 and 900 makes reference to the soul of Karolus, on whose behalf Alan had ordered prayers to be said in the monastery of Redon  This was probably Charles the Fat 

Succession problems
Charles, childless by his marriage to Richgard, tried to have his illegitimate son by an unknown concubine, Bernard, recognised as his heir in 885, but this met with opposition from several bishops  He had the support of Pope Hadrian III, whom he invited to an assembly in Worms in October 885, but the pope died on the way there, just after crossing the river Po  Hadrian was going to remove the obstructing bishops for Charles, as he doubted he could do this himself, and legitimize Bernard  Based on the unfavorable attitude shown by the chronicler responsible for the Mainz continuation of the Annales Fuldenses, the chief of Charles's opponents in this matter was most likely Liutbert, Archbishop of Mainz  Because Charles had called together the "bishops and counts of Gaul" as well as the pope to meet him at Worms, it is likely that he had plans to make Bernard King of Lotharingia  Notker the Stammerer, who considered Bernard as a possible heir, wrote in his Deeds of Charlemagne:

I will not tell you [Charles the Fat] of this [the Viking sack of the Abbey of Prüm] until I see your little son Bernard with a sword girt to his thigh 
After the failure of this first attempt, Charles set about to try again  He had the term proles (offspring) inserted into his charters (it had not been in previous years), in a likely attempt to legitimize Bernard  In early 886 Charles met the new Pope Stephen V and probably negotiated for the recognition of his illegitimate son as heir  An assembly was planned for April and May of the following year at Waiblingen  Pope Stephen cancelled his planned attendance on 30 April 887  Nevertheless, at Waiblingen, Berengar, who after a brief feud with Liutward had lost the favour of the emperor, came in early May 887, made peace with the emperor and compensated for his actions of the previous year by dispensing great gifts Charles eventually abandoned his plans for Bernard and instead adopted Louis of Provence as his son at an assembly at Kirchen in May  It is possible, however, that the agreement with Louis was only designed to engender support for Bernard's sub-kingship in Lotharingia  In June or July, Berengar arrived in Kirchen, probably pining to be declared Charles's heir; he may in fact have been so named in Italy, where he was acclaimed (or made himself) king immediately after Charles's deposition  Odo, Count of Paris, may have had a similar purpose in visiting Charles at Kirchen  On the other hand, the presence of these magnates at these two great assemblies may merely have been necessary to confirm Charles's illegitimate son as his heir (Waiblingen), a plan which failed when the pope refused to attend, and then to confirm Louis instead (Kirchen) 

Deposition, death, and legacy
With Charles increasingly seen as spineless and incompetent, matters came to a head in late 887  In the summer of that year, having given up on plans for his son's succession, Charles received Odo and Berengar, Margrave of Friuli, a relative of his, at his court  He may have accepted neither, one, or both of these as his heir in their respective kingdoms  His inner circle then began to fall apart  First, he accused his wife Richgard of having an affair with his chief minister and archchancellor, Liutward, bishop of Vercelli  She proved her innocence in an ordeal of fire and left him for the monastic life  He then turned against Liutward, who was hated by all, and removed him from office, appointing Liutbert (archbishop of Mainz), in his place In that year, his first cousin once removed, Ermengard of Provence, daughter of the Emperor Louis II and wife of Boso of Provence, brought her son Louis the Blind to him for protection  Charles confirmed Louis in Provence (he may even have adopted him) and allowed them to live at his court  He probably intended to make Louis heir to the whole realm and the imperium  On 11 November, he called an assembly to Frankfurt  While there he received news that an ambitious nephew, Arnulf of Carinthia, had fomented a general rebellion and was marching into Germany with an army of Bavarians and Slavs  The next week saw the collapse of all his support in East Francia  The last to abandon him were his loyal Alemanni, though the men of Lotharingia never seem to have formally accepted his deposition  By 17 November, Charles was out of power, though the exact course of events is unknown  Aside from rebuking his faithlessness, he did little to prevent Arnulf's move—he had recently been ill again—but assured that Bernard was entrusted to his care and possibly Louis too  He asked for a few estates in Swabia on which to live out his days and thus received Naudingen (Donaueschingen)  There he died six weeks later, on 13 January 888 The Empire fell apart, never to be restored  According to Regino of Prüm, each part of the realm elected a "kinglet" from its own "bowels"—the bowels being the regions inside the realm  It is probable that Arnulf desired the whole empire, but the only part he received other than East Francia was Lotharingia  The French elected Odo, although he was opposed at first by Guy III of Spoleto, who also opposed Arnulf in Lotharingia  Guy sought the kingship in Italy after his failures in Francia, despite Berengar having already been crowned  Louis was crowned in Provence, as Charles had intended, and he sought the support of Arnulf and gained it, probably through supplication to him  Odo would eventually submit to Arnulf's supremacy as well  In Upper Burgundy, one Rudolph, a dux of the region, was elected as king in a distinctly non-Carolingian creation, probably the result of his failure to succeed in the whole of Lotharingia  In Aquitaine, Ranulf II declared himself king and took the guardianship of the young Charles the Simple, the Carolingian heir to the West, refusing to recognise Odo's election It is unknown if these elections were a response to Charles's East Frankish deposition or to his death  Only those of Arnulf and Berengar can be certainly placed before his death  Only the magnates of the East ever formally deposed him  He was buried with honour in Reichenau after his death and the Annales Fuldenses heap praises on his piety and godliness  Indeed, contemporary opinion of Charles is consistently kinder than later historiography, though it is a modern suggestion that his lack of apparent successes is the excusable result of near constant illness and infirmity Charles was the subject of a hortative piece of Latin prose, the Visio Karoli Grossi, designed to champion the cause of Louis the Blind and warn the Carolingians that their continued rule was not certain if they did not have "divine" (i e  ecclesiastical) favour 

See also
Family tree of the German monarchs

Notes
Passage 9:
Obata Toramori
Obata Toramori (小畠虎盛, 1491 – July 14, 1561) was Japanese samurai warrior of the Sengoku Period  He is known as one of the "Twenty-Four Generals of Takeda Shingen" 
He also recorded as having been wounded 41 times in 36 encounters  
He was the father of Obata Masamori 

See also
Isao Obata
Passage 10:
Yohann Bernard
Yohann Bernard (born August 7, 1974) is a breaststroke swimmer from France 

Career
Bernard won the bronze medal in the men's 200 metres breaststroke event at the 1999 European Championships in Istanbul  He represented his native country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, where he finished in seventh place in the 200 m breaststroke, clocking 02:13 31 in the final 



ground_truth: Moment Of Danger

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: What is the place of birth of Bernard (Son Of Charles The Fat)'s father?

The following are given passages.
Context 3: Passage 1:
Betty Hall
Beatrice Perin Barker Hall (March 18, 1921 – April 26, 2018) was an American politician from the state of New Hampshire  Hall served in the New Hampshire House of Representatives for a total of 28 years, serving non-consecutively from 1970 until 2008 
Hall grew up in New York City, where she attended Barnard College  In 1948, she and her husband moved to the town of Brookline, New Hampshire, where they started a textile manufacturing firm  Beginning in the 1950s and early 1960s, Hall began participating in local politics, serving on several boards and commissions in Brookline  Hall was elected to the Brookline school board in 1963, and in 1972, she was elected to the town board of selectmen 
Hall's career in statewide politics began in 1970 when she was elected to the New Hampshire House of Representatives as a member of the Republican Party  In 1986, Hall switched her party affiliation to the Democratic Party, citing the Republican Party's shift towards conservatism during the Reagan Era  During her political career, Hall was described as a firebrand who frequently bucked her party  While a Republican, Hall was seen as a liberal member of that party, and was considered to be a political enemy by conservative leaders  In the Democratic Party, Hall was a member of the grassroots base, challenging the party's establishment in a 2007 campaign for chairman of the New Hampshire Democratic Party 
In the 2000s, Hall became nationally known for her activism  In 2004, she was arrested for disorderly conduct for her participation in a protest against President George W  Bush; she was later acquitted of the charge  In 2008, Hall introduced New Hampshire House Resolution 24, which would have petitioned the United States Congress to introduce articles to impeach President Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney for their actions leading to and during the Iraq War  While the bill ultimately failed, it generated a large amount of media coverage 

Pre-political life and career
Early life and education
Beatrice Perin Barker was born on March 18, 1921, in Koblenz, Germany, where her father Joseph Warren Barker, a United States Army officer, served as the administrator of a military district following World War I  After leaving the military, Barker's father completed his education in engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, receiving an academic position at the institution  He later became the Dean of Engineering at Columbia University, and she primarily grew up in New York City  This led to Barker's entry into academia, as her father's position at Columbia University brought prominent scientists such as Enrico Fermi and Harold Urey to their home for dinner where Barker would serve as a hostess  In 1937, her mother Mary died when Barker was 16 Barker attended the Horace Mann School and later studied engineering at Barnard College  Barker would later do graduate work at the University of New Hampshire, Boston University, and the College of the Holy Cross 

Family and career
After graduating from Barnard College in 1943, Barker worked as an engineer at Western Electric  During World War II, she helped manufacture vacuum tubes for radar equipment, and her father served as a special assistant to Frank Knox, the United States Secretary of the Navy On May 27, 1944, she married Sidney Leavitt Hall, an engineer from Concord, New Hampshire, leaving her job at Western Electric to join her husband in Ohio, where he was undergoing training with the United States Air Force in order to fight in World War II  However, the war ended before he was sent overseas, and in 1948, the couple moved to Brookline, New Hampshire, a town of 800 people in Hillsborough County  Hall's grandmother, Florence Hobart Perin, was a resident of Brookline, and Hall had frequently visited and spent several summers in the town during her youth  Sidney Hall initially worked at Textron, and in 1951, the couple started a textile manufacturing firm called Hall Manufacturing Company, which was informally known as Hall Tote Bags  The company produced stitching for dry-cleaners, as well as steam air covers for dry-cleaning machines  Later, the company became locally famous for the tote bags they produced, as well as other stitched products  Hall and her husband were members of the local Church of Christ, and she was credited with uniting the Brookline Methodist and Congregationalist churches into one single church In 1957, Hall received a fellowship from the National Science Foundation  Hall served as the assistant manager for Hall Manufacturing Co  until 1962, whereupon she became a science and mathematics teacher in Groton, Massachusetts  Hall transferred to Fairgrounds Junior High School in Nashua, New Hampshire, in 1964, and taught mathematics there until 1972  In 1968, Hall was awarded a grant by the Research Corporation for Science Advancement in order to start an experimental "Mathematics Learning Laboratory" at her school  She had also been invited to academic conferences, such as the Advanced Modern Math Institute, which was sponsored by Science Research Associates Sidney Hall died in 1987 at the age of 66  Hall and her husband had 4 sons and 1 daughter  One of their sons, Sidney Hall Jr , is a locally-known author   Following her husband's death, Hall solely ran Hall Manufacturing Co , and the company was featured in a White House symposium on small businesses in 1994  Hall Manufacturing Co  closed in 2001 

Early political career
Local politics
During the 1950s and 1960s, Hall became very active in local politics, serving on numerous boards and committees in Brookline, including the board of assessors and the town finance committee  In 1961, Hall was defeated in an election for Brookline library trustee  In 1963, Hall was elected unopposed to the Brookline school board  She was re-elected in 1966, defeating future state representative Eben Bartlett and another candidate  In 1969, Hall was re-elected for her third and final term on the school board  She served as the chairman of the school board from 1964 until 1968 and again in 1971  She served a total of 9 years on the school board In 1967, Hall ran for the Brookline board of selectmen; however, she was defeated by Walter W  Frost, receiving 138 votes to Frost's 152  In 1972, Hall served as the chairman of the Brookline Republican Town Committee  Later that year, Hall again ran for the Brookline board of selectmen to succeed the retiring Grover C  Farwell, defeating two candidates to win a three-year term as selectman  Following her election to the board of selectmen, Hall did not seek another term for the school board and resigned as a teacher  In 1974, Hall served as the chairman of the board of selectmen 

Early 1970s
In 1970, Hall ran for the New Hampshire House of Representatives in Hillsborough County's 13th district as a member of the Republican Party  Hall had decided to run for state office because she "realized she was not accomplishing what she wanted to" in local office  She was recruited to run by Governor Walter R  Peterson Jr  Hall and fellow Republican Daniel Brocklebank were elected with 43% and 41% of the vote, respectively  In 1972, Hall ran for re-election in Hillsborough County's 12th district, and was elected unopposed alongside fellow Republican Jack Boyd  During the 1970s, Hall held multiple positions in the local Republican Party, serving as a member of the Republican state committee the Hillsborough County Republican Party Executive Committee 

1974 state senate campaign
In 1974, Hall ran for the 12th district of the New Hampshire Senate, running to replace retiring Republican incumbent Frederick A  Porter  In the Republican primary, Hall faced fellow state representative D  Alan Rock, as well as Milford town selectman Frederic Fletcher, a former state senator and former member of the Executive Council  During the primary, Hall campaigned via bicycle, cycling a total of 1,000 miles through the 26 towns in the district  Hall won the primary election, narrowly defeating Rock  Despite Hall placing second in her hometown of Brookline and only winning two towns, Amherst and Hollis, both towns gave her large margins  Additionally, she placed second in nearly every other town in the district, offsetting the large margin by which Rock won in Nashua  Official sources conflict on the final vote tally: the New Hampshire General Court officially reported that Hall received 1,544 votes, Rock received 1,485 votes, and Fletcher received 1,198 votes, giving Hall a winning margin of just 59 votes  However, a recount found that the margin was actually 114 votes in favor of Hall, with the town of Amherst alone overcounting 50 ballots in favor of Rock; however, the results of the recount are not officially recorded  Hall's campaign expenditure for the primary was $1,470 While there was no official Democratic Party candidate running in the heavily Republican district, both Hall and Rock also contested the Democratic primary as write-in candidates  Rock won the Democratic write-in nomination, with official sources again conflicting on the tally: the New Hampshire General Court reported that Rock received 72 votes to Hall's 71, a margin of just one vote, while a recount reportedly increased Rock's margin to 3 votes During the general election campaign, Rock was heavily supported by William Loeb III, the publisher of the Manchester Union Leader, an influential conservative newspaper  Rock frequently used the newspaper's front page to promote his campaign  While Hall was endorsed by the Nashua Telegraph, her campaign did not have the media capabilities that Rock's did, and Rock ultimately won the general election, defeating Hall by a margin of 53% to 47%  Judd Gregg, then the chairman of the Nashua Republican Party, alleged that the party's campaign literature had been tampered with; specifically, Gregg alleged that an individual had switched out Hall's campaign literature from several envelopes and replaced it with Rock's campaign literature before they were sent out to voters in Nashua  However, Hall stated that she did not believe the incident had influenced the end result of the election  Hall was succeeded in the state house by Republican Dorothy Foss Colson 

Late 1970s and early 1980s
In 1975, Hall became the chairman of the New Hampshire branch of Common Cause, a lobbying group that opposes corruption and promotes campaign finance reform  In this role, Hall advocated for good government  In the 1976 presidential election, Hall criticized Republican candidate Ronald Reagan and independent candidate Eugene McCarthy for being the only two major candidates who had not agreed to the campaign standards proposed by Common Cause  She later criticized all the presidential candidates for not discussing the costs of the programs they propose  Hall left the position in September 1977 In 1978, Hall was elected back to the New Hampshire House of Representatives for Hillsborough County's 12th district  Hall and fellow Republican Eliot B  Ware won with 36% and 31% of the vote  Hall and Ware were re-elected unopposed in 1980 In November 1980, Rock, who had still serving as the state senator for the 12th district, died of cancer just three days after winning re-election  Hall was one of four candidates vying for the Republican nomination for the February 1981 special election; instead of being elected in a primary election, the party nominee was instead to be selected by delegates of the Hillsborough County Republican Party  Hall's campaign for the nomination was heavily opposed by Robert B  Monier, the influential Republican president of the New Hampshire Senate, who viewed Hall as a political opponent  Monier instead supported John Stabile, a Nashua businessman and the New Hampshire campaign chair for John Connally's 1980 presidential campaign  The other Republican candidates were state representatives Joanne Head, Philip Labombarde, and Emma Wheeler  Despite an initial convention ending in deadlock, with 9 delegates voting for Hall and the other 9 for Stabile, the party reconvened and ultimately selected Stabile to be the Republican nominee  Stabile would go on to defeat Democratic state representative Selma Pastor and independent candidate Mark Knox, a Nashua alderman, in the special election In 1982, Hall ran for the 11th district of the New Hampshire Senate to replace retiring Republican incumbent Arthur Mann  Hall placed third in the Republican primary, losing to fellow state representative Jean T  White; Hall received 29% of the vote, while White received 40%  The second-place candidate, state representative Richard Amidon, received 31% of the vote  However, Hall won the Democratic nomination as a write-in candidate, receiving 199 votes compared to White's 81 and Amidon's 55  Hall was defeated by White in the general election, receiving 4,668 votes to White's 6,632 

Party switch and later political career
Late 1980s and 1990s
In 1986, Hall switched to the Democratic Party, citing the Republican Party's shift towards conservatism  That year, Hall ran as a Democrat for the state house in Hillsborough County's 16th district  Hall defeated incumbent Republican state representative Barbara Fried, who had been facing charges of embezzlement after it was revealed she used her position as Greenville town clerk to embezzle $10,000 in fees  Hall received 642 votes, while Fried received 555  Hall was narrowly re-elected in 1988, defeating Republican candidate Shirley A  Morley by just 54 votes out of 2,274 cast  Hall was re-elected in 1990, defeating former Republican state representative Webster E  Bridges, 56% to 44% In 1992, Hall ran for re-election in Hillsborough County's 20th district  Hall and Republican Thomas I  Arnold were elected, receiving 1,488 votes and 1,384 votes, respectively  Hall and Arnold had previously served together on the Brookline school board in the 1960s, where Arnold was the school board's moderator  The two were re-elected unopposed in 1994  In 1996, they were again re-elected, with Hall receiving 46% of the vote and Arnold receiving 36%  In 1996, Hall served as the chairman of the Hillsborough County Democratic Party  In 1998, Hall and Arnold were again re-elected  Arnold received 1,063 votes, while Hall received 1,001 Hall was an early supporter of Bill Clinton in the 1992 United States presidential election, and was a delegate for Clinton at the 1996 Democratic Party convention  Hall also praised Richard Lugar during the 1996 Republican Party presidential primaries, supporting his tax policy and stating that he seemed honest 

2000s
In 2000, Hall and Arnold were re-elected unopposed  In 2002, Hall ran for re-election in Hillsborough County's 46th district  However, Hall was defeated in the general election, placing fifth with 12% of the vote In 2004, Hall was arrested and charged with disorderly conduct at a protest against President George W  Bush in Nashua  Hall, who was 83 at the time, was sitting in a chair outside the designated area for protestors, and was close to the presidential motorcade route  Hall was also holding a sign that said, "Bush is bad for America"  After Hall refused to move, three police officers picked Hall up, "chair, cane, and all", carrying her away and arresting her  A photographer captured the arrest, and the incident became national news  Hall was acquitted in September 2004 after Nashua District Court judge Clifford Kinghorn ruled that the evidence provided did not fit the charge of disorderly conduct; Kinghorn stated that "the police had no authority under state law to make Hall move because she wasn't getting in their way"  Hall also explained that she had originally written the law that was being applied to her case Later in 2004, Hall ran again for the state house for Hillsborough County's 5th district  Hall won, placing fourth with 13% of the vote  In the 2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries, Hall was a supporter of Howard Dean's campaign  Hall was re-elected in 2006, placing fourth and receiving 13% of the vote; Hall narrowly defeated fellow incumbent Donald Ryder, a Republican, receiving just 25 more votes than him In 2007, Hall announced her candidacy for chairman of the New Hampshire Democratic Party  Her main opponent was Raymond Buckley, the vice chair of the state party and an executive member of the Democratic National Committee  During the campaign, Buckley, who was considered to be the frontrunner, was falsely accused of possessing child pornography by former state representative Steve Vaillancourt, who had been a former friend of his  Buckley was exonerated following an official state investigation, and Vaillancourt later stated that he had exaggerated in the allegations  Later in the campaign, Joe Kelly Levasseur, the chairman of the Manchester Republican Party, posted an old home video of Buckley to YouTube, in which Buckley, who is openly gay, is seen "cursing and unzipping his pants", as well as highlighting Buckley's membership in a MySpace group called "Gays in New Hampshire"  Despite this, Buckley maintained his support amongst statewide Democrats, with the exception of U S  representative Paul Hodes, who withdrew his support for Buckley following the release of the video  Buckley ultimately defeated Hall, receiving 109 votes to Hall's 17  A third candidate, former state house Democratic Leader Jim Craig, withdrew following Buckley's exoneration, but remained on the ballot 

Proposed impeachment of George W  Bush
In 2008, Hall again gained national prominence for introducing a bill in the New Hampshire House of Representatives which would petition the United States Congress to introduce articles to impeach President Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney for high crimes and misdemeanors relating to the Iraq War  The bill accused Bush and Cheney of electioneering, torture, unlawful surveillance, misleading Congress, and violating the United Nations Charter by engaging in an unlawful aggressive war, as well as other alleged crimes  The bill, New Hampshire House Resolution 24, cited section 603 of Jefferson's Manual, which states that "an impeachment may be set in motion by the United States House of Representatives by charges transmitted from the legislature of a state"  In 1973, Hall had opposed a similar bill calling for the impeachment of President Richard Nixon Hall campaigned for impeachment alongside U S  representative Dennis Kucinich, whose campaign she supported in the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries  Hall's bill was supported by Pentagon Papers leaker Daniel Ellsberg, former US attorney general Ramsey Clark, and former director of the Strategic Defense Initiative Robert M  Bowman  However, the bill also had several outspoken opponents, such as Republican state representative David Hess, who stated he had "never seen a document more vitriolic and more inflammatory" In February 2008, the House State-Federal Relations and Veterans Affairs Committee voted 10-5 to recommend that the House not vote for the bill  In April 2008, the state house voted 227-95 to table the resolution, effectively killing the legislation  Some Democrats who voted in favor of tabling the bill, such as state representatives Ray Gagnon and Susan Almy, both of whom said they supported the bill in principle, stated that the bill would take away time that could be spent fixing everyday issues  Bernie Benn, another Democratic state representative, stated that impeachment would be too divisive 

Independent candidacies
Later in 2008, Hall ran for the 12th district of the New Hampshire Senate as an independent candidate, despite still being a registered Democrat  Hall placed a distant third with just 10% of the vote  Democrat Peggy Gilmour won with 47% of the vote, while Republican state representative Paul LaFlamme received 43%  In 2010, Hall officially switched her party registration to independent, stating that she "wanted to make a statement [that] neither party was doing what they should be"  That year, Hall ran as an independent candidate for the New Hampshire House of Representatives in Hillsborough County's 5th district  However, Hall placed seventh out of eight candidates, receiving just 6% of the vote in the district she formerly represented  In 2012, Hall ran as an independent candidate for the state house in Hillsborough County's 12th district  She placed last out of five candidates, receiving 10% of the vote 

Death
Hall died on April 26, 2018, of congestive heart failure in Petersburgh, New York  At the time of her death, Hall had 5 children, 12 grandchildren, and 21 great-grandchildren 

Tenure
During her tenure with both the Republican and Democratic parties, Hall frequently challenged her party's political establishment  While in the Republican Party, Hall was seen as a member of the party's liberal wing; she was an objector to the Vietnam War and opposed an attempt to outlaw abortion, with Hall stating, "I don't think I should legislate my religious beliefs on someone else"  While a Democrat, Hall was seen as a firebrand emblematic of the party's grassroots base, challenging the Democratic establishment by opposing Buckley in 2007 and leading the attempt to impeach Bush  Hall was described as "a giant among the moral compass-holders in the community" While in the state house, Hall's primary issues were the government integrity and campaign finance reform  Hall was also an advocate for mental health issues  She served as the first president of Milford Regional Counseling Services in the 1970s, and later founded Harbor Homes, an organization that provides transitional housing for people with mental illness  In the 1960s, Hall was also the president of the Waban Association for Retarded Children 

Economy, regulation, and taxation
In 1989, Hall led opposition towards a bill which would introduce new regulations against gravel pit operators  However, the following week, in what was described as "parliamentary shenanigans", the bill was revived, amended, and passed in both chambers of the state legislature  Later in 1989, Hall sponsored a bottle bill which would have introduced a 5-cent deposit on bottles and cans in order finance recycling centers  The bill also called for bottles and cans to be recycled instead of reused  Hall sponsored a similar bill in 1979, which would have imposed a tax ranging from $25 to $9,000 a year on businesses in order to fund litter control and recycling In 1990, New Hampshire's economy collapsed and the state fell heavily into debt  Hall opposed a bill which would order the state to repay all of its bills within 30 days, stating that it didn't solve the problem and "would only make us think we're doing something"  Hall also opposed a budget which would marginally cut spending and levy small taxes, such as a 4-cent cigarette tax and a 5% phone tax, stating that "cutting 10 percent and 20 percent isn't going to do  Nickel and dime taxes aren't going to do it either"  She was instead supportive of the legislature stepping back and allow the governor to "reduce spending any way he could"  Hall had previously opposed the state budget in 1979 due to the inclusion of a 1-cent gas tax  In 2007, Hall supported legislation pushed by the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative which would "reduce carbon pollution from power plants, lower energy bills and strengthen our economy" 

Education
Throughout her career, Hall supported the breaking up of cooperative school districts  Cooperative school districts, known as school administrative units (SAUs), were school districts consisting of multiple towns  Hall said that wealthier, smaller towns would be forced to disproportionately fund an SAU when grouped with poorer, larger towns  She also said the small towns were effectively trapped in the SAU as long as the larger towns were able to out-vote the smaller towns In 1971, Hall sponsored legislation which would establish a volunteer corps to provide assistance and counseling to minors who violated the law  In 1973, she sponsored a bill which would create a scholarship program for college students from New Hampshire  After a first attempt failed in the House, the bill was amended to apply only to students attending in-state colleges  The program would provide matching funds for college students: the state would allocate 25 cents for every dollar given by a private scholarship  During her 2008 state senate campaign, Hall stated that she opposed funding education from property taxes, instead supporting a "pay-as-you-go" model 

Government integrity and reform
In 1972, Hall supported an election reform bill which would restrict candidates from working in polling places in which their name was on the ballot  She was the only representative from a small town to support the bill  Introduced by state representative Chris Spirou, the bill had public support, but faced heavy opposition in the House after being "verbally beaten into the ground by many state representatives from small towns who double as election officials in their home communities"  In her support for the bill, Hall said that it could allow for more people to become involved in the political process 
While with Common Cause in 1977, Hall supported a state ethics commission to watch over the state legislature, stating that at the time New Hampshire was the only state that didn't have conflict-of-interest legislation  In 1979, Hall supported a rule change in the state house that would require all members of the House to list their sources of income  In the mid-2000s, Hall stated her concerned with the outsourcing of New Hampshire's vote counting systems to private companies, citing security and integrity concerns  In 2006, Hall proposed a bill which would make primary and general election days a state holiday  The same year, Hall supported a rules change in the state house which would end segregated party seating, which she said increased partisanship by keeping members of opposing parties separated from each other  During her independent candidacies, Hall also advocated for elections to be publicly funded in order to limit the effects of corporate influence on elections  Due to her work on campaign finance reform, Hall was frequently compared to Doris Haddock, who she was friends with, and with whom she collaborated on election reform issues with 

Notes
Passage 2:
William Worthington (actor)
William Worthington (April 8, 1872 in Troy, New York – April 9, 1941 in Beverly Hills, California) was an American silent film actor and director 

Career
Worthington became interested in the performing arts when he began his career as an opera singer and stage actor  He entered films with a lead role in 1913, and one of his more notable films was Damon and Pythias in 1914  From 1917 to 1925, William concentrated on directing films and was the head of a film production firm called Multicolor, which was bought by Cinecolor in 1932  He was active in films up until his death in 1941 

Filmography
Actor
Director
See also
Multicolor
Passage 3:
Wild Child (film)
Wild Child is a 2008 teen comedy film directed by Nick Moore and starring Emma Roberts, Natasha Richardson, Shirley Henderson, Alex Pettyfer and Aidan Quinn, with Georgia King, Kimberley Nixon, Juno Temple, Linzey Cocker and Sophie Wu  Roberts portrays Poppy Moore, a wealthy and spoiled American teenager who is sent to a boarding school in England by her widowed father, where she soon learns the true meaning of life and friendship  This was Richardson's final film role before her death the following year 

Plot
Poppy Moore, a wealthy but spoiled and rebellious teenager from Malibu, California, damages and discards the belongings of her widowed father's new girlfriend, Rosemary  She grabs a handful of Rosemary's clothes and jumps into the ocean just as her furious father, Gerry, arrives  Gerry announces he will be sending Poppy to Abbey Mount, a boarding school in England, in the hopes that attending the school will turn her life around  When Poppy arrives at Abbey Mount, she is warmly greeted by the headmistress Mrs  Kingsley, and later the head girl, Harriet Bentley, who is disgusted by her sense of entitlement  Poppy learns to her dismay that the bedrooms are communal and is introduced to Kate, Josie, Kiki and Jennifer, also known as "Drippy"  She is initially hostile towards her new roommates upon meeting them, and her behaviour gets them into trouble when she insults the Matron, who confiscates their cellphones and gives them three weeks of detention 
When Kate asks Poppy about her mother, she reveals that she died in a car crash when Poppy was eleven years old  Kate lets Poppy use her actual cellphone to message her friend from back home, Ruby, who is secretly cheating with Poppy's boyfriend, Roddy  The girls decide to help Poppy get expelled from Abbey Mount by carrying out several pranks, which gradually brings them closer together  When none of their plans work, they decide to have Poppy seduce Mrs  Kingsley's son, Freddie, who is forbidden from fraternizing with the female students  After the girls go shopping at a charity shop, they take Poppy to a hair salon for a makeover, where hairdresser Mr  Christopher removes her blonde hair dye and reveals her natural brunette hair  At the school dance, Freddie rejects Harriet in favour of dancing with Poppy, much to Harriet's dismay  Poppy trips on the dancefloor and Freddie takes her outside for fresh air, where he asks her out on a date  
The next day, Poppy discovers her newfound talent for lacrosse and becomes the team's new captain  After several weeks of practicing and improving their skills, the team advances to the finals for the first time since 1976  Finding themselves falling in love with one another, Poppy and Freddie go for a drive in the countryside, where Freddie takes Poppy out for lunch and they kiss  Poppy returns to school only to find her roommates reading an email allegedly written by her, suggesting she was pretending to be friends with them so she could get herself expelled and return to Malibu  Poppy claims she did not write the emails, but the girls refuse to listen and walk out on her  When Freddie receives a similar email, Poppy tries to explain herself, but he slams the door in her face  With no one else to turn to, Poppy sneaks into the kitchen and calls Ruby, who accidentally reveals her affair with Roddy and hangs up on her  
Feeling even more alone, Poppy starts playing with her lighter and accidentally sets a curtain on fire  Hearing footsteps, she quickly puts out the fire and runs back to her bedroom, but a few minutes later, Drippy sees the curtains engulfed in flames and is locked inside the freezer  When Poppy is awoken by the sound of an explosion, she looks out the window and sees the fire growing and immediately wakes the school  When everyone realizes Drippy is missing, Poppy runs into the burning school to rescue her  After the fire is extinguished, Freddie finds her lighter and gives it back to her, refusing to hear any explanation  Realizing she no longer wants to leave, Poppy writes an apology letter to Freddie and later goes to Mrs  Kingsley's office to take the blame for the fire  Afterwards, she finds a portrait of her late mother in the 1976 Abbey Mount lacrosse team and begins to cry upon realizing her mother had attended the school  
While Poppy waits for the Honour Court to decide whether or not she should be expelled, Freddie finds her crying and becomes convinced the fire was an accident, and forgives her  Meanwhile, Drippy reads aloud Poppy's diary, revealing how much Poppy likes her roommates, and Kiki discovers who actually wrote the emails  At the hearing, Poppy gives her testimony and Harriet is determined to prove her guilt, while Poppy's roommates arrive and begin whispering to the other girls  When they all stand up in support of Poppy, Harriet bursts into a tirade and mentions Poppy's lighter  The girls realize that no lighter was ever mentioned and Mrs  Kingsley questions how Harriet knew about the lighter  When Poppy deduces that Harriet was responsible, Harriet snaps at her and accidentally confesses to restarting the fire after Poppy had put it out  A furious Mrs  Kingsley demands to see Harriet in her office and Poppy is absolved  
At the lacrosse finals, Gerry arrives and is taken aback by Poppy's dramatic change in personality and how much she resembles her mother  Abbey Mount wins the lacrosse championship and Poppy, who admits that her father did the right thing by enrolling her at the school, reconciles with him  The next morning, Harriet is expelled and prepares to leave with her father, but not before Harriet's former friends toss her dead pheasants out the window and onto her  Several months later, Poppy and Freddie have resumed their relationship, and she invites her roommates to a pool party at her Malibu mansion  When Freddie notices Ruby trying to call Poppy, she ignores her, now well aware she is not a real friend, and the girls prepare to jump into the ocean 

Cast
Production
The interiors of the boarding school were filmed at Cobham Hall in Kent  The facade of the school was filmed at Balls Park  They also filmed at 82 Main Street, 84 Main Street, 117 Main Street, and at the Brontë Parsonage Museum in Haworth, Keighley, Bradford  Filming also took place in Harrogate, and at Robin Hood's Bay in North Yorkshire 

Reception
Wild Child was released in the United Kingdom on 15 August 2008, taking fifth place at the box office with $2,196,366 from 359 cinemas with an average of $6,118  In its fourth weekend, it dropped to twelfth place  As of November 2008, Wild Child had grossed $8,235,794  In Australia, Wild Child was released 18 September, taking fourth place with only 93 cinemas and making $315,114  The following week, it made a 60% increase with $566,918 but still slipped to 6th place  On 16 October, Wild Child fell to 11th  As of November 2008, Wild Child had grossed US$3,268,424 (A$4,236,579) in Australia  The film has been released in many other countries, proving popular in some: the Netherlands ($1,553,825) and not so popular in others  The film has grossed a worldwide total of $21,972,336  Universal had planned a North American release in the summer of 2009, but canceled it and chose to release the film directly to DVD 

Critical response
Wild Child has a 41% approval rating at Rotten Tomatoes, based on 27 reviews with an average rating of 4 8/10  The website's critical consensus reads, "More mild than wild  This tween comedy mess falls flat on its face due to poor characters, poor direction and poor jokes"  The Sun Online gave the film 2/5 saying "WILD? More like mild, unless you think short skirts and 'horse face' put-downs are outrageous " Urban Cinefile gave Wild Child a much more favourable review, stating "The film has an energy and honesty about it: it's lively, funny and smart and the characters are appealing "
Rating the film 2 out of 5 stars, The Guardian's Peter Bradshaw deemed the film's story and characters "amiable enough, but still a bit tame" compared to films such as Clueless and Freaky Friday  Describing Wild Child as "A tweenie comedy with an uplifting American-style sports movie awkwardly bolted on", David Gritten of The Daily Telegraph considered the film to be "a mess" with predictable plot twists and inferior to the film Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging  In a mostly positive review for Variety, Leslie Felperin wrote that Dahl's script "puts more emphasis on character development and plot mechanics than the recent, slapstick-laden, girls’-school-set "St  Trinian's," and still manages to have funnier one-liners"  Felperin also found that the film's "third-act endorsement of female friendship turns out to be surprisingly affecting, despite obvious sentimentality " Meanwhile, Jack Wilson of The Age took a different view of the characters' development, finding that Dahl's screenplay "dwells unpleasantly on cruelty and humiliation, and finally Poppy does little more than exchange one form of snobbery for another "

DVD release
Wild Child was released on DVD in the United Kingdom on 8 December 2008  In Australia, it was released on 15 January 2009  In the United States, it was released directly to DVD on 17 November 2009 

Soundtrack
Wild Child: The Movie Soundtrack Party Album is a soundtrack album by the film of the same name, released in the United Kingdom and Australia on 18 August 2008  In the United States, the soundtrack wasn't released 
Track listing
Other songs non-includedThe following songs appeared in the movie and trailers, although they were not included on the soundtrack for the film, due to licensing restrictions:

"Angels" – Robbie Williams
"Black Gloves" – Goose
"Chasing Pavements" – Adele
"Heaven Is a Place on Earth" – Belinda Carlisle
"I Got It from My Mama" – will i am
"Real Wild Child" – Everlife
"Roadkill Morning" – Children of Bodom
"Set 'Em Up" – Imran Hanif
"You Think I Don't Care" - Jack McManus
"Surrender Your Groove" – Geri Halliwell
"Toxic" (instrumental) – Britney Spears
Passage 4:
Nick Moore (film director)
Nick Moore is a British film director and editor  He directed the 2011 British Movie Horrid Henry: The Movie  He directed the 2008 Wild Child, and other previous work included editing the 1997 The Full Monty for which he was nominated for a BAFTA award, the 1999 hit  Notting Hill, the 2002 About a Boy for which he was nominated for the American Cinema Editors Award for Best Edited Feature Film – Comedy or Musical, and the 2003 Love Actually 

Filmography
Director
2008: Wild Child
2011: Horrid Henry: The Movie
2014: Pudsey: The Movie

Editor
1983: Never Say Never Again
1987: Empire of the Sun
1989: Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
1990: Spies Inc 
1990: Memphis Belle
1991: Meeting Venus
1992: Orlando
1993: Little Buddha
1994: A Business Affair
1994: Mary Shelley's Frankenstein
1996: Mission: Impossible
1997: The Full Monty
1998: The Land Girls
1998: Divorcing Jack
1999: Notting Hill
2000: Beautiful Joe
2001: What's the Worst That Could Happen?
2001: Ghost World
2001: All the Queen's Men
2002: About a Boy
2003: Love Actually
2004: Along Came Polly
2004: Christmas with the Kranks
2005: Nanny McPhee
2006: Freedomland
2006: Little Man
2007: Meet Bill
2008: Last Chance Harvey
2010: Leap Year
2010: Morning Glory
2012: Mirror Mirror
2013: Enough Said
2014: Finding Fanny
2014: She's Funny That Way
2015: Jenny's Wedding
2015: Burnt
2016: Bridget Jones's Baby
2017: The Ottoman Lieutenant
2018: Patrick
2018: King of Thieves
Passage 5:
Tula Belle
Tula Belle (28 July 1906 – 13 October 1992) was an American child film actress  She was born in what is now Oslo, Norway She starred in The Blue Bird 

Filmography
The Brand of Cowardice (1916)
Over the Hill (1917)
The Vicar of Wakefield (1917)
The Blue Bird (1918)
A Doll's House (1918) based on A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen
At the Mercy of Men (1918)
Deliverance (1919)
The Miracle Man (1919)
Old Dad (1920)
Passage 6:
West of Shanghai
West of Shanghai is a 1937 American adventure film directed by John Farrow and starring Boris Karloff as a Chinese warlord  It is based on the 1920 Porter Emerson Browne play The Bad Man  Three other films, all titled The Bad Man, are also based on the same play: 

in 1923, directed by Edwin Carewe and starring Holbrook Blinn
in 1930, directed by Clarence Badger and starring Walter Huston
in 1941, starring Wallace Beery and Ronald Reagan and directed by Richard Thorpe 

Plot
On a train bound for lawless northern China, businessman Gordon Creed (Ricardo Cortez) encounters acquaintance Myron Galt (Douglas Wood) and his attractive daughter Lola (Sheila Bromley)  Galt is on his way to foreclose on a very promising oilfield built up by Jim Hallet (Gordon Oliver)  Creed, on the other hand, wants to offer Hallet enough money to pay off his loan from Galt (for a tidy share of the oilfield) 
Creed is annoyed when his reserved compartment is appropriated by General Chow Fu-Shan (Vladimir Sokoloff)  The general is on his way to deal with self-styled General Wu Yen Fang (Boris Karloff), a warlord who has taken control of a province  However, Chow Fu-Shan is assassinated on the train by one of Fang's men 
After being questioned by military governor General Ma (Tetsu Komai), the three travel by horse to a remote town, where they find not only Hallet (Gordon Oliver), but Creed's estranged wife Jane (Beverly Roberts), who is working for missionary Dr  Abernathy (Gordon Hart)  Then, Fang's subordinate, Captain Kung Nui (Chester Gan) and his men take over the town  When Kung Nui casts his eyes on Jane, Hallet impulsively punches him  Jane and Hallet have fallen in love, though she does not believe in divorce and has kept their relationship strictly platonic  Hallet is knocked out and imprisoned 
When Fang arrives, he tries to persuade Jane to go with him, promising she would enjoy it (blithely explaining "I am Fang")  Hallet escapes with the help of an associate disguised as one of Fang's soldiers, and sends him to notify General Ma of Fang's whereabouts  Hallet then breaks in on Fang and Jane's private discussion  Fang remembers Hallet, who once hid a coolie and dug three bullets out of his shoulder; that was Fang before his meteoric rise  The warlord decides to help his benefactor  Fang robs Creed of $50,000, uses it to pay Galt what Hallet owes, then takes the money and offers it to Dr  Abernathy 
Creed bribes Captain Kung Nui to rebel against Fang  Kung Nui wants to regain face by having Hallet executed  Fang pretends to give in, but just before a firing squad shoots the oilman, Fang has his right-hand man, Mr  Cheng (Richard Loo), kill Kung Nui  Afterward, Fang personally shoots Creed to fix Hallet's romantic problem, but only manages to wound him 
Government troops arrive and force their way into the town  In the confusion, Jane, accompanied by Hallet, goes to attend to her husband's wound  Creed produces a gun and announces that Hallet is going to have a fatal accident, but is killed by Fang 
With the battle lost, Fang decides to surrender rather than risk the lives of his captives by fighting to the end  He is taken out and shot 

Cast
Boris Karloff as General Wu Yen Fang
Beverly Roberts as Mrs  Jane Creed
Ricardo Cortez as Gordon Creed
Gordon Oliver as Jim Hallet
Sheila Bromley as Lola Galt
Douglas Wood as Myron Galt
Vladimir Sokoloff as General Chow Fu-Shan
Gordon Hart as Dr  Abernathy
Richard Loo as Mr  Cheng
Chester Gan as Captain Kung Nui
Tetsu Komai as General Ma

Production
This was the second film John Farrow directed for Warner Bros 
Karloff was to make Black Widow for Warner Bros  But the studio pushed forward the film in their schedule to take advantage of the Second Sino-Japanese War It was known during production as China Bandit, then War Lord, then The Adventures of Fang  Filming took place in February 1937 Willard Parker was to have made his debut in the film  Karloff's makeup required three hours of work per day; this was less time than was required for his non-human roles 

Reception
The New York Times wrote Karloff "admirably acquits himself as a comedian" in the film which nonetheless had "atmospheric validity" due to "numerous Chinese extras and an imaginative treatment of sets "

See also
Boris Karloff filmography
Passage 7:
John Chaffey
John Chaffey is an English osteopathic doctor and former child film actor 

Film career
Chaffey was featured in many television adverts as a child  He is best remembered for a role in the 1973 Peter Sellers movie The Optimists of Nine Elms 

Medical career
Chaffey studied at University of East London, receiving in 1991 a research-based degree comparing osteopathic and physiotherapeutic interventions in the mechanical discomforts of pregnancy  He qualified at the British School of Osteopathy (1988)  He headed an osteopathic group practice beginning in 1991, working with a team of 11 osteopathic specialists  He attained leadership positions in the UK Osteopathy profession, being appointed as a Member of Council of UK Regulator, the General Osteopathic Council, in 2012  He is a member of the Education and Registration Standards Committee 
Chaffey has worked in osteopathic education since 1991 as a lecturer and clinic tutor  He is currently a Clinical Tutor
at the European School of Osteopathy, lecturing on communication and compliance issues  He was Module Leader for Osteopathy for 2 years at Oxford Brookes University, and currently serves as an external examiner for that institution  He became an external examiner for Final Clinical Competence in 2001 
Passage 8:
Shreya Sharma
Shreya Sharma  is an Indian child film actress  She lives in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India 

Filmography
She acted first at the age of 13 in film The Blue Umbrella 

Other
On the occasion of 125th birth year of popular Hindi writer Chandradhar Sharma ‘Guleri’, a special screening of the film Usne Kaha Tha based on one of his popular stories was held on 19 July 2008 in the capital city of Himachal Pradesh  Shreya Sharma narrated the story ahead of the screening, held at Auckland House School, Longwood 
Passage 9:
Beauty and the Bad Man
Beauty and the Bad Man is a 1925 American silent Western film directed by William Worthington and starring Mabel Ballin, Forrest Stanley, and Russell Simpson 

Plot
As described in a film magazine review, Cassie, an orphan with vocal abilities, enters the mining town after fleeing from her worthless husband of one day  She meets the gambler, who likes her and stakes her with the money he won after breaking the bank  She uses the money to cultivate her voice, and then returns to the mining town famous  Her old husband wants her to return, and when she refuses he fires a gun, but he is late and is winged by a friend of the gambler  Cassie then realizes her love for the gambler 

Cast
Preservation
With no prints of Beauty and the Bad Man located in any film archives, it is a lost film 
Passage 10:
Alias – the Bad Man
Alias – the Bad Man, also known as Alias Bad Man, is a 1931 American  pre-Code Western film, directed by Phil Rosen and starring Ken Maynard, Virginia Brown Faire, and Frank Mayo  It was released on July 15, 1931 

Plot
Clem Neville and fellow rancher Warner are being plagued by a group of rustlers  He sends for his son, Ken, to come help him round up the criminals  However, when Ken arrives he finds out that his father and Warner have been killed  He does not reveal his identity to any of the townspeople, and Warner's daughter, Mary, suspects him of being one of the rustlers  As they verbally spar, Ken learns that Mary had known of a plan of Clem and her father to trap the rustlers  The only person she shared the information with was Rance Collins  He meets up with an old friend Ranger Simpson, known by the nickname of "Repeater", who he lets know what he is attempting to do 
Suspecting that Rance must be involved, Ken learns who some of his associates are  He follows one back to the gang's hideout, and after overhearing of their plans to finish rustling Warner's cattle, steps into the room and asks for a job  Collins is skeptical, but then Repeater shows up and, as set up before by him and Ken, arrests Ken for Clem's murder  Collins suspicions of Ken are alleviated, and he and some of his men ride after the two  They help Ken escape, during which Ken makes it appear as if Repeater has been killed  However, once back at the hideout, suspicions once again begin to arise  Finally, one of the rustlers returns to the hideout and recognizes Ken from Warner's ranch earlier that day  Surrounded by the gang, Ken's horse, Tarzan comes to his rescue and breaks a window allowing him to escape 
Collins henchmen take off after Ken, while Collins remains behind to continue planning their rustling activities  Ken eludes the gang and doubles back to the hideout  He delays Collins long enough for Repeater to arrive with the sheriff to arrest Collins  Afterwards, Mary apologizes to Ken for jumping to conclusions, and Ken decides to stay on in town and run his father's ranch 

Cast list
Ken Maynard as Ken Neville
Virginia Brown Faire as Mary Warner
Frank Mayo as Rance Collins
Charles King as Black
Robert Homans as Mr  Warner
Irving Bacon as Ranger Simpson
Lafe McKee as Clem Neville

Production
In early April it was announced that one of Maynard's upcoming pictures would be titled, The Bad Man  By the middle of the month, the film had become known as Alias The Bad Man, the third of a series of eight films Maynard was slated to do for Tiffany Productions  On April 18, it was reported that Maynard had wrapped on his prior film, Two Gun Man, and that production on Alias the Bad Man would begin in the near future  The picture began filming the week of May 16, with production complete by the first week in June  The film was released on July 15, 1931 

Reception
The Film Daily gave the film a positive review, lauding the direction, story and cinematography  They also highlighted the acting work of Ken Maynard and Virginia Brown Faire  "The story is above the average western opus material, having an intelligent plot, with plenty of surprises and twists to keep the suspense always at a fever heat " Harrison's Reports said, "A good Western  The story is interesting and there is plenty of action and suspense  Some of the situations will hold the spectator breathless    "



ground_truth: East Francia

prompt_front: Answer the question based on the given passages. Only give me the answer and do not output any other words.

Question: Do both Beauty And The Bad Man and Wild Child (Film) films have the directors from the same country?

The following are given passages.
Context 4:  The first one is set in an unknown past time and is about a young man (Clémenti) who wanders in a volcanic landscape (shot around Etna) and turns into a cannibal  The man joins forces with a thug (Citti) and ravages the countryside  At the end, he and his gang get arrested and at his execution, he recites the famous tagline of the film: "I killed my father, I ate human flesh and I quiver with joy " The story is about the human capacity of destruction and a rebellion against the social prerequisites implied against it 
The second story is about Herr Klotz (Lionello), a German industrialist and his young son Julian (Léaud) who live in 1960s Germany  Julian, instead of passing time with his radically politicised fiancée Ida (Wiazemsky), prefers to build relationships with pigs  Herr Klotz, on the other hand, with his loyal aide Hans Guenther (Ferreri), tries to solve his rivalry with fellow industrialist Herdhitze (Tognazzi)  The two industrialists join forces while Julian gets eaten by pigs in the sty  Herdhitze intends to conceal the event  The story attempts to provide a link between the Third Reich and Wirtschaftswunder Germany 

Reception
On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a rating of 56% based on 9 critics, with an average rating of 5 7/10 
Passage 9:
The Night of Nights
The Night of Nights is a 1939 black-and-white drama film written by Donald Ogden Stewart and directed by Lewis Milestone for Paramount Pictures that starred Pat O'Brien, Olympe Bradna, and Roland Young The film received positive contemporary reviews from publications such as The New York Times  Director Milestone went on to other successful productions after the film came out, including Ocean's 11 and Pork Chop Hill 

Background
Milestone directed The Night of Nights nine years after winning the 1930 Academy Award for Best Director for All Quiet on the Western Front 

Plot
Dan O'Farrell (Pat O'Brien) is a brilliant Broadway theater playwright, actor, and producer who has left the business   When he was younger, he and his partner Barry Keith-Trimble (Roland Young) were preparing for the opening night of O'Farell's play Laughter by getting drunk   When it was time to perform, they were so intoxicated they ended up brawling on stage and fell into the orchestra pit   The two left the theater and continued drinking, until they learn that they have been suspended  At the same time, O'Farrell learns that his wife, actress Alyce Martelle, is pregnant and has left him for ruining her performance in Laughter as Toni   Despondent, he in left the business and went into seclusion 
Years later, his daughter Marie (Olympe Bradna) locates him and inspires him to return to Broadway   He decides to restage Laughter with its original cast, but with Marie substituting for Alyce in the part of Toni   Hoping to make a glorious return with a show that would be a hit with critics and the public alike, O'Farrell enlists the aid of friends to embark on a full-fledged comeback 

Cast
Reception
Frank S  Nugent wrote for The New York Times that the work of actors Pat O'Brien and Roland Young, had "been a labor of love and the film has profited accordingly " In noting that the plot centered on "the theatre and some of the curious folk who inhabit it", the newspaper's review stated that the film had an acceptable sentimentality and shared that the story was "an uncommonly interesting study of a man's mind, subtly written and directed, presented with honesty and commendable sincerity by Mr  O'Brien, Mr  Young and Olympe Bradna, and well worth any one's attention " The only objection in the review was that the stage play Laughter, the piece being produced within the film by O'Brien's character of Dan O'Farrell, "seemed to be the most awful tripe "
Passage 10:
Jaan-E-Mann
Jaan-E-Mann (transl  Beloved) is a 2006 Indian Hindi-language musical romance film directed by Shirish Kunder and was produced by Sajid Nadiawala  The film stars Salman Khan, Akshay Kumar and Preity Zinta  This was Kunder's debut film as a director  He also edited and wrote the screenplay and dialogues Jaan-E-Mann released on 20 October 2006 on the festive weekend of Diwali/Eid, clashing with Don – The Chase Begins Again starring Shah Rukh Khan and Priyanka Chopra  The film proved to be a commercial failure at the box office  It received mixed reviews from critics upon release, with praise for its innovative filming techniques, visuals, production design, soundtrack and special effects; however its story, screenplay and dialogues received sharp criticism 
At the 52nd Filmfare Awards, Jaan-E-Mann received 2 nominations – Best Choreography (Farah Khan for "Humko Maloom Hai") and Best Special Effects 
The DVD for the film was released on 15 December 2006 

Plot
The film begins when Suhaan Kapoor (Salman Khan) receives a notice saying his ex-wife Piya Goyal (Preity Zinta), who has settled in New York, wants a divorce settlement of ₹5 million, because he failed to make his alimony payments due to his poor financial condition  Suhaan appeals to his uncle Bonney Kapoor (Anupam Kher), a midget lawyer, for help  While they are trying to figure out a solution, Agastya Rao (Akshay Kumar) lands at their doorstep searching for Piya  He reveals to them that he fell in love with Piya during his college days but could not express his love to her because she was in love with someone else, unaware that the person he lost her to was Suhaan  Piya had ignored Agastya then, a nerd, a nobody, and even broke his heart by blowing him off to be with Suhaan at a concert that Agastya had taken her to  A heartbroken Agastya left the college as a result and eventually wound up in Houston working for NASA 
Suhaan and Piya fall in love in college and elope  However, he kept his marriage a secret to further his career as a movie star and when his career hits a low, he returns home to find out that she has left him  She does not answer his calls or emails, and he soon receives a divorce notice in the mail 
Suhaan and Bonney hatch a plan to get Agastya and Piya together so that Suhaan does not need to pay alimony to Piya and Agastya can get the girl of his dreams  Suhaan accompanies Agastya to New York to help Agastya win Piya over  They rent an apartment opposite Piya's and watch her every move using telescopes, binoculars, and surveillance techniques  Using a headset, Suhaan feeds Agastya lines to woo Piya with and eventually succeeds in getting Piya and Agastya together 
One night, Suhaan finds out Piya has a baby girl, Suhaan's daughter  He realizes that she left him since she did not want her and the baby to ruin Suhaan's film career  Suhaan realizes his mistake and tries to make amends and start a new life with Piya and his daughter, Suhaani  Unfortunately, before he can act, Piya gets engaged to Agastya 
It later emerges that Piya's brother, Vishal (Nawwab Shah), had been hiding letters that Suhaan wrote to her and was responsible for initiating the divorce process  Agastya realizes that Piya is still in love with Suhaan and not him; so, he reveals the truth and tells her to be with Suhaan  Piya flies back to India where Suhaan is trying to find work as a small-time actor  They express their mutual love, reuniting their broken family 
A few years later, Agastya is on a NASA Space Shuttle and initiates a video conference with Suhaan and Piya (on Suhaan's birthday)  He introduces them to his new girlfriend who looks strikingly like Piya 

Cast
Salman Khan as Suhaan Kapoor, a former superstar who is married to his college girlfriend Piya  After being fired from his career, he gets a divorce notice from Piya and has to pay for the alimony 
Akshay Kumar as Agastya Rao / Champu, a NASA specialist who used to have a crush on Piya during his years in college but was rejected by her back then  He becomes friends with Suhan and with his help, he tries to get him and Piya together 
Preity Zinta as Piya Goyal Kapoor and Preity Zintacova (dual role)
Aman Verma as Zubin Hornibhoy, Piya's friend
Anupam Kher as Bonney Kapoor / New York Cafe Owner (Dual Role)
Nawwab Shah as Vishal Goyal (Piya's brother)
Soni Razdan as Mrs  Sushma Goyal
Jawed Sheikh as Samrat Goyal
Rajesh Balwani as Daboo Goyal, Piya's cousin brother

Production
Filming started in New York City on 1 September 2005 and then moved to Mumbai 

Soundtrack
The music for the film was released on 6 September 2006  The music is composed by Anu Malik and includes a few playback singers forming the former contestants of Indian Idol  Lyrics are penned by Gulzar  According to the Indian trade website Box Office India, with around 1,250,000 units sold, this film's soundtrack album was the year's eighth highest-selling 

Track listing
Reception
Box office
Jaan-E-Mann opened in nearly 1,200 screens worldwide  The film faced stiff competition from Don – The Chase Begins Again which also released on the same day  The film opened to a 40% response  The second day saw a huge drop in the collections, due to the Diwali celebrations  According to boxofficeindia com, the collections jumped to 70%, but fell again to 50%  The film has done very well in the smaller centres in India Pranab Kapadia, the UK distributor of Jaan-E-Mann said "Jaan-E-Mann's figures have picked up dramatically in Britain  Although the film grossed a mere £18,000 on its opening day, the film has experienced a remarkable upswing, grossing £40,000 on Monday and £60,000 on Tuesday  The audience and critics reception has been overwhelming "

Critical reception
On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 44% of 9 critics' reviews are positive Taran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama gave the film 3 5 out of 5, saying "On the whole, JAAN-E-MANN balances humor and emotions beautifully  In fact, it's a BIG film in all respects -- right from its cast to the extravagant sets to the lavish making, besides, of course, unadulterated entertainment it has to offer  At the box-office, the Diwali and Idd holidays will prove bountiful for the film and add to the big returns  Business-wise, JAAN-E-MANN should fare best at multiplexes and also at major centres, besides Overseas  But its business at comparatively smaller centres, where masala films dominate, is bound to be affected by DON's presence  However, if the strong word of mouth catches on, the business at smaller centres will add to its booty " Poonam Joshi of BBC com gave the film 4 out of 5 stars, writing "Jaan-E-mann simultaneously parodies the worst elements of Hindi cinema, while exulting in the best that Bollywood has to offer, making for an unexpectedly original and entertaining film " Raja Sen of Rediff com gave the film 3 out of 5 stars stating "In the end, what echoes in your ears as you leave is Akki's thick, goofy he-he-he laugh  It's the best thing in the film "Conversely, Namrata Joshi of Outlook India called the film "A mish-mash—a twisted love triangle but even the inventive narrative doesn't take it very far " Vincent Musetto of New York Post gave the film  1 out of 5 stars, writing "We keep waiting for one of those outlandish musical treats to bring some life to the clichd script  Kunder throws in a few breaks, but they're tepid and brief "

Nominations
See also
List of movies set in New York City

Notes



ground_truth: no