Figure 3 Time course of the biphenyl
yield by  x -C-PdNi-CNFs.
Reaction conditions: aryl halides or their derivates (0.5 mmol), phenylboronic
acid or the various derivates of it (0.55 mmol), K 2 CO 3  (0.5 mmol), and catalyst (1 mg) were added into the solvent
mixture. Air atmosphere, 80 °C, and without any stirring during
the reaction.