Figure 1. Alpha and Beta Diversity for patient eyes treated with eyedrops and no-drops compared to healthy control eyes. ( A ) Patient eyes treated with eyedrops (n = 16) exhibited significantly greater alpha-diversity measures compared to healthy control eyes (n = 24) in Shannon diversity ( P  = 5.23e-6, Kruskal-Wallis). There were also significant differences in microbial composition, demonstrated by principal coordinate analysis of beta diversity, between patient eye samples with eyedrops compared to controls. ( B ) Differences were seen in beta-diversity based on Bray Curtis distances ( P  = 0.001,  R 2  = 0.0565, PERMANOVA). ( C ) Patient eyes without eyedrops (n = 15) also exhibited significantly greater alpha-diversity measures compared to healthy controls (n = 24) in Shannon diversity ( P  = 7.65e-5, Kruskal-Wallis). There were significant differences in microbial composition between patient eye samples without eyedrops compared to controls. ( D ) Differences were seen in beta-diversity based on Bray Curtis distances ( P  = 0.001,  R 2  = 0.0679, PERMANOVA). The axis values in the beta-diversity plot are the percentage of variance of phylogenetic beta diversity.