Problem: One day, Snuke was given a permutation of length N, a_1, a_2, ..., a_N, from his friend.  Find the following:  

Submission attempts (in order):

class Avltree:
    def __init__(self,key=None):
        self.key = key
        self.left = None
        self.right = None 
        self.balance = "Even"

    def search_lower(self,key,key_lower,key_higher):
        if self.key == None:
            return [key_lower,key_higher]
        if self.key > key:
            key_higher = self.key
            if self.left == None:
                return [key_lower,key_higher]
            else:
                return self.left.search_lower(key,key_lower,key_higher)
        if self.key < key:
            key_lower = self.key
            if self.right == None:
                return [key_lower,key_higher]
            else:
                return self.right.search_lower(key,key_lower,key_higher)
        
        if self.left == None and self.right == None:
            return [key_lower,key_higher]
        if self.left == None:
            if key_higher == None:
                key_higher = 10**6
            return [key_lower,min(key_higher,self.right.end_lower(self.right.key))]
        if self.right == None:
            if key_lower == None:
                key_lower = -10**6
            return [max(key_lower,self.left.end_higher(self.left.key)),key_higher]
        
        if key_lower == None:
            key_lower = -10**6
        if key_higher == None:
            key_higher = 10**6    
        return [max(key_lower,self.left.end_higher(self.left.key)),min(key_higher,self.right.end_lower(self.right.key))]
        
    
    def end_lower(self,end_lower_key):
        if self.left == None:
            return end_lower_key
        else:
            end_lower_key = self.left.key
            return self.left.end_lower(end_lower_key)
    def end_higher(self,end_higher_key):
        if self.right == None:
            return end_higher_key
        else:
            end_higher_key = self.right.key
            return self.right.end_higher(end_higher_key)
    
            
    def DoubleRightRotation(self):
        tl = self.left
        self.left = tl.right.right
        tl.right.right = self 
        tlr = tl.right
        tl.right = tlr.left
        tlr.left = tl
        if tlr.balance == "Left":
            tlr.right.balance = "Right"
            tlr.left.balance = "Even"
        elif tlr.balance == "Right":
            tlr.right.balance = "Even"
            tlr.left.balance = "Left"
        elif tlr.balance == "Even":
            tlr.right.balance = "Even"
            tlr.left.balance = "Even"
        tlr.balance = "Even"
        return tlr
    def DoubleLeftRotation(self):
        tr = self.right
        self.right = tr.left.left
        tr.left.left = self
        trl = tr.left
        tr.left = trl.right
        trl.right = tr
        if trl.balance == "Right":
            trl.left.balance = "Left"
            trl.right.balance = "Even"
        elif trl.balance == "Left":
            trl.left.balance = "Even"
            trl.right.balance = "Right"
        elif trl.balance == "Even":
            trl.left.balance = "Even"
            trl.right.balance = "Even"
        trl.balance = "Even"
        return trl
    def SingleLeftRotation(self):
        tr = self.right
        tr.balance = "Even"
        self.balance = "Even"
        self.right = tr.left
        tr.left = self
        return tr
    def SingleRightRotation(self):
        tl = self.left
        tl.balance = "Even"
        self.balance = "Even"
        self.left = tl.right
        tl.right = self
        return tl
    def replace(self,p,v): 
        if p.left == self:
            p.left = v
        else :
            p.right = v 
    def insert(self,key): 
        if self.key == None: 
            self.key = key
            return self
        if key < self.key:
            if self.left == None:
                self.left = Avltree(key)
            else:
                self.left.insertx(self,key)
        elif key > self.key:
            if self.right == None:
                self.right = Avltree(key)
            else:
                self.right.insertx(self,key)
        else: # key == self.key:
            pass # do not overwrite
    def insertx(self,p,key): 
        if self.key > key:
            if self.left == None:
                self.left = Avltree(key)
            else:
                if not self.left.insertx(self, key): 
                    return False 
            if self.balance == "Right":
                self.balance = "Even"
                return False
            elif self.balance == "Even":
                self.balance = "Left"
                return True 
            elif self.balance == "Left":
                if self.left.balance == "Right":
                    self.replace(p,self.DoubleRightRotation())
                elif self.left.balance == "Left":
                    self.replace(p,self.SingleRightRotation())
                return False 
        if self.key < key:
            if self.right == None:
                self.right = Avltree(key)
            else:
                if not self.right.insertx(self, key):
                    return False 
            if self.balance == "Left":
                self.balance = "Even"
                return False
            elif self.balance == "Even":
                self.balance = "Right"
                return True
            elif self.balance == "Right":
                if self.right.balance == "Left": 
                    self.replace(p,self.DoubleLeftRotation())
                elif self.right.balance == "Right":
                    self.replace(p,self.SingleLeftRotation())
                return False
        return False 


################################################################

def inpl(): return [int(i) for i in input().split()]
n = int(input())
a = inpl()
b = {a[i]: i for i in range(n)}

root = Avltree()
ass = 0

for i in range(1,n+1):
    [l,r] = root.search_lower(b[i],-1,n)
    ass += (b[i]-l)*(r-b[i])*i
    root.insert(b[i])
print(1)









################################################################################
class Avltree:
    def __init__(self,key=None):
        self.key = key
        self.left = None
        self.right = None 
        self.balance = "Even"
    def search(self,key):
        if self.key == None:
            return None
        if self.key > key:
            if self.left == None:
                return None
            else:
                return self.left.search(key)
        if self.key < key:
            if self.right == None:
                return None
            else:
                return self.right.search(key)
        return self 
        
    def search_lower(self,key,key_lower):
        if self.key == None:
            return key_lower
        if self.key > key:
            if self.left == None:
                return key_lower
            else:
                return self.left.search_lower(key,key_lower)
        if self.key < key:
            key_lower = self.key
            if self.right == None:
                return key_lower
            else:
                return self.right.search_lower(key,key_lower)
        
        if self.left == None:
            return key_lower
        else:
            if key_lower == None:
                return self.left.end_higher(self.left.key)
            else:
                return max(key_lower,self.left.end_higher(self.left.key))
    
    def search_higher(self,key,key_higher):
        if self.key == None:
            return key_higher
        if self.key > key:
            key_higher = self.key
            if self.left == None:
                return key_higher
            else:
                return self.left.search_higher(key,key_higher)
        if self.key < key:
            if self.right == None:
                return key_higher
            else:
                return self.right.search_higher(key,key_higher)
        
        if self.right == None:
            return key_higher
        else:
            if key_higher == None:
                return self.right.end_lower(self.right.key)
            else:
                return min(key_higher,self.right.end_lower(self.right.key))
        
    
    def end_lower(self,end_lower_key):
        if self.left == None:
            return end_lower_key
        else:
            end_lower_key = self.left.key
            return self.left.end_lower(end_lower_key)
    def end_higher(self,end_higher_key):
        if self.right == None:
            return end_higher_key
        else:
            end_higher_key = self.right.key
            return self.right.end_higher(end_higher_key)
    
            
    def DoubleRightRotation(self):
        tl = self.left
        self.left = tl.right.right
        tl.right.right = self 
        tlr = tl.right
        tl.right = tlr.left
        tlr.left = tl
        if tlr.balance == "Left":
            tlr.right.balance = "Right"
            tlr.left.balance = "Even"
        elif tlr.balance == "Right":
            tlr.right.balance = "Even"
            tlr.left.balance = "Left"
        elif tlr.balance == "Even":
            tlr.right.balance = "Even"
            tlr.left.balance = "Even"
        tlr.balance = "Even"
        return tlr
    def DoubleLeftRotation(self):
        tr = self.right
        self.right = tr.left.left
        tr.left.left = self
        trl = tr.left
        tr.left = trl.right
        trl.right = tr
        if trl.balance == "Right":
            trl.left.balance = "Left"
            trl.right.balance = "Even"
        elif trl.balance == "Left":
            trl.left.balance = "Even"
            trl.right.balance = "Right"
        elif trl.balance == "Even":
            trl.left.balance = "Even"
            trl.right.balance = "Even"
        trl.balance = "Even"
        return trl
    def SingleLeftRotation(self):
        tr = self.right
        tr.balance = "Even"
        self.balance = "Even"
        self.right = tr.left
        tr.left = self
        return tr
    def SingleRightRotation(self):
        tl = self.left
        tl.balance = "Even"
        self.balance = "Even"
        self.left = tl.right
        tl.right = self
        return tl
    def replace(self,p,v): 
        if p.left == self:
            p.left = v
        else :
            p.right = v 
    def insert(self,key): 
        if self.key == None: 
            self.key = key
            return self
        if key < self.key:
            if self.left == None:
                self.left = Avltree(key)
            else:
                self.left.insertx(self,key)
        elif key > self.key:
            if self.right == None:
                self.right = Avltree(key)
            else:
                self.right.insertx(self,key)
        else: # key == self.key:
            pass # do not overwrite
    def insertx(self,p,key): 
        if self.key > key:
            if self.left == None:
                self.left = Avltree(key)
            else:
                if not self.left.insertx(self, key): 
                    return False 
            if self.balance == "Right":
                self.balance = "Even"
                return False
            elif self.balance == "Even":
                self.balance = "Left"
                return True 
            elif self.balance == "Left":
                if self.left.balance == "Right":
                    self.replace(p,self.DoubleRightRotation())
                elif self.left.balance == "Left":
                    self.replace(p,self.SingleRightRotation())
                return False 
        if self.key < key:
            if self.right == None:
                self.right = Avltree(key)
            else:
                if not self.right.insertx(self, key):
                    return False 
            if self.balance == "Left":
                self.balance = "Even"
                return False
            elif self.balance == "Even":
                self.balance = "Right"
                return True
            elif self.balance == "Right":
                if self.right.balance == "Left": 
                    self.replace(p,self.DoubleLeftRotation())
                elif self.right.balance == "Right":
                    self.replace(p,self.SingleLeftRotation())
                return False
        return False 

    def to_s(self):
        return self.key
    def left_s(self):
        if self.left == None:
            return None
        return (self.left).key
    def right_s(self):
        if self.right == None:
            return None
        return (self.right).key

################################################################
n = int(input())
a = list(map(int,input().split()))	


b = [0]*(n+1)
for i in range(n):
    b[a[i]] = i


root = Avltree()
ass = 0

for i in range(1,n+1):
    l = root.search_lower(b[i],None)
    r = root.search_higher(b[i],None)
    if l == None:
        l = -1
    if r == None:
        r = n
    ass += (b[i]-l)*(r-b[i])*i
    root.insert(b[i])
print(0)







 
################################################################################
class Avltree:
    def __init__(self,key=None):
        self.key = key
        self.left = None
        self.right = None 
        self.balance = "Even"

    def search_lower(self,key,key_lower):
        if self.key == None:
            return key_lower
        if self.key > key:
            if self.left == None:
                return key_lower
            else:
                return self.left.search_lower(key,key_lower)
        if self.key < key:
            key_lower = self.key
            if self.right == None:
                return key_lower
            else:
                return self.right.search_lower(key,key_lower)
        
        if self.left == None:
            return key_lower
        else:
            if key_lower == None:
                return self.left.end_higher(self.left.key)
            else:
                return max(key_lower,self.left.end_higher(self.left.key))
    
    def search_higher(self,key,key_higher):
        if self.key == None:
            return key_higher
        if self.key > key:
            key_higher = self.key
            if self.left == None:
                return key_higher
            else:
                return self.left.search_higher(key,key_higher)
        if self.key < key:
            if self.right == None:
                return key_higher
            else:
                return self.right.search_higher(key,key_higher)
        
        if self.right == None:
            return key_higher
        else:
            if key_higher == None:
                return self.right.end_lower(self.right.key)
            else:
                return min(key_higher,self.right.end_lower(self.right.key))
        
    
    def end_lower(self,end_lower_key):
        if self.left == None:
            return end_lower_key
        else:
            end_lower_key = self.left.key
            return self.left.end_lower(end_lower_key)
    def end_higher(self,end_higher_key):
        if self.right == None:
            return end_higher_key
        else:
            end_higher_key = self.right.key
            return self.right.end_higher(end_higher_key)
    
            
    def DoubleRightRotation(self):
        tl = self.left
        self.left = tl.right.right
        tl.right.right = self 
        tlr = tl.right
        tl.right = tlr.left
        tlr.left = tl
        if tlr.balance == "Left":
            tlr.right.balance = "Right"
            tlr.left.balance = "Even"
        elif tlr.balance == "Right":
            tlr.right.balance = "Even"
            tlr.left.balance = "Left"
        elif tlr.balance == "Even":
            tlr.right.balance = "Even"
            tlr.left.balance = "Even"
        tlr.balance = "Even"
        return tlr
    def DoubleLeftRotation(self):
        tr = self.right
        self.right = tr.left.left
        tr.left.left = self
        trl = tr.left
        tr.left = trl.right
        trl.right = tr
        if trl.balance == "Right":
            trl.left.balance = "Left"
            trl.right.balance = "Even"
        elif trl.balance == "Left":
            trl.left.balance = "Even"
            trl.right.balance = "Right"
        elif trl.balance == "Even":
            trl.left.balance = "Even"
            trl.right.balance = "Even"
        trl.balance = "Even"
        return trl
    def SingleLeftRotation(self):
        tr = self.right
        tr.balance = "Even"
        self.balance = "Even"
        self.right = tr.left
        tr.left = self
        return tr
    def SingleRightRotation(self):
        tl = self.left
        tl.balance = "Even"
        self.balance = "Even"
        self.left = tl.right
        tl.right = self
        return tl
    def replace(self,p,v): 
        if p.left == self:
            p.left = v
        else :
            p.right = v 
    def insert(self,key): 
        if self.key == None: 
            self.key = key
            return self
        if key < self.key:
            if self.left == None:
                self.left = Avltree(key)
            else:
                self.left.insertx(self,key)
        elif key > self.key:
            if self.right == None:
                self.right = Avltree(key)
            else:
                self.right.insertx(self,key)
        else: # key == self.key:
            pass # do not overwrite
    def insertx(self,p,key): 
        if self.key > key:
            if self.left == None:
                self.left = Avltree(key)
            else:
                if not self.left.insertx(self, key): 
                    return False 
            if self.balance == "Right":
                self.balance = "Even"
                return False
            elif self.balance == "Even":
                self.balance = "Left"
                return True 
            elif self.balance == "Left":
                if self.left.balance == "Right":
                    self.replace(p,self.DoubleRightRotation())
                elif self.left.balance == "Left":
                    self.replace(p,self.SingleRightRotation())
                return False 
        if self.key < key:
            if self.right == None:
                self.right = Avltree(key)
            else:
                if not self.right.insertx(self, key):
                    return False 
            if self.balance == "Left":
                self.balance = "Even"
                return False
            elif self.balance == "Even":
                self.balance = "Right"
                return True
            elif self.balance == "Right":
                if self.right.balance == "Left": 
                    self.replace(p,self.DoubleLeftRotation())
                elif self.right.balance == "Right":
                    self.replace(p,self.SingleLeftRotation())
                return False
        return False 


################################################################

def inpl(): return [int(i) for i in input().split()]
n = int(input())
a = inpl()
b = {a[i]: i for i in range(n)}

root = Avltree()
ass = 0

for i in range(1,n+1):
    l = root.search_lower(b[i],None)
    r = root.search_higher(b[i],None)
    if l == None:
        l = -1
    if r == None:
        r = n
    ass += (b[i]-l)*(r-b[i])*i
    root.insert(b[i])
print(0)








 
################################################################################
class Avltree:
    def __init__(self,key=None):
        self.key = key
        self.left = None
        self.right = None 
        self.balance = "Even"

    def search_lower(self,key,key_lower):
        if self.key == None:
            return key_lower
        if self.key > key:
            if self.left == None:
                return key_lower
            else:
                return self.left.search_lower(key,key_lower)
        if self.key < key:
            key_lower = self.key
            if self.right == None:
                return key_lower
            else:
                return self.right.search_lower(key,key_lower)
        
        if self.left == None:
            return key_lower
        else:
            if key_lower == None:
                return self.left.end_higher(self.left.key)
            else:
                return max(key_lower,self.left.end_higher(self.left.key))
    
    def search_higher(self,key,key_higher):
        if self.key == None:
            return key_higher
        if self.key > key:
            key_higher = self.key
            if self.left == None:
                return key_higher
            else:
                return self.left.search_higher(key,key_higher)
        if self.key < key:
            if self.right == None:
                return key_higher
            else:
                return self.right.search_higher(key,key_higher)
        
        if self.right == None:
            return key_higher
        else:
            if key_higher == None:
                return self.right.end_lower(self.right.key)
            else:
                return min(key_higher,self.right.end_lower(self.right.key))
        
    
    def end_lower(self,end_lower_key):
        if self.left == None:
            return end_lower_key
        else:
            end_lower_key = self.left.key
            return self.left.end_lower(end_lower_key)
    def end_higher(self,end_higher_key):
        if self.right == None:
            return end_higher_key
        else:
            end_higher_key = self.right.key
            return self.right.end_higher(end_higher_key)
    
            
    def DoubleRightRotation(self):
        tl = self.left
        self.left = tl.right.right
        tl.right.right = self 
        tlr = tl.right
        tl.right = tlr.left
        tlr.left = tl
        if tlr.balance == "Left":
            tlr.right.balance = "Right"
            tlr.left.balance = "Even"
        elif tlr.balance == "Right":
            tlr.right.balance = "Even"
            tlr.left.balance = "Left"
        elif tlr.balance == "Even":
            tlr.right.balance = "Even"
            tlr.left.balance = "Even"
        tlr.balance = "Even"
        return tlr
    def DoubleLeftRotation(self):
        tr = self.right
        self.right = tr.left.left
        tr.left.left = self
        trl = tr.left
        tr.left = trl.right
        trl.right = tr
        if trl.balance == "Right":
            trl.left.balance = "Left"
            trl.right.balance = "Even"
        elif trl.balance == "Left":
            trl.left.balance = "Even"
            trl.right.balance = "Right"
        elif trl.balance == "Even":
            trl.left.balance = "Even"
            trl.right.balance = "Even"
        trl.balance = "Even"
        return trl
    def SingleLeftRotation(self):
        tr = self.right
        tr.balance = "Even"
        self.balance = "Even"
        self.right = tr.left
        tr.left = self
        return tr
    def SingleRightRotation(self):
        tl = self.left
        tl.balance = "Even"
        self.balance = "Even"
        self.left = tl.right
        tl.right = self
        return tl
    def replace(self,p,v): 
        if p.left == self:
            p.left = v
        else :
            p.right = v 
    def insert(self,key): 
        if self.key == None: 
            self.key = key
            return self
        if key < self.key:
            if self.left == None:
                self.left = Avltree(key)
            else:
                self.left.insertx(self,key)
        elif key > self.key:
            if self.right == None:
                self.right = Avltree(key)
            else:
                self.right.insertx(self,key)
        else: # key == self.key:
            pass # do not overwrite
    def insertx(self,p,key): 
        if self.key > key:
            if self.left == None:
                self.left = Avltree(key)
            else:
                if not self.left.insertx(self, key): 
                    return False 
            if self.balance == "Right":
                self.balance = "Even"
                return False
            elif self.balance == "Even":
                self.balance = "Left"
                return True 
            elif self.balance == "Left":
                if self.left.balance == "Right":
                    self.replace(p,self.DoubleRightRotation())
                elif self.left.balance == "Left":
                    self.replace(p,self.SingleRightRotation())
                return False 
        if self.key < key:
            if self.right == None:
                self.right = Avltree(key)
            else:
                if not self.right.insertx(self, key):
                    return False 
            if self.balance == "Left":
                self.balance = "Even"
                return False
            elif self.balance == "Even":
                self.balance = "Right"
                return True
            elif self.balance == "Right":
                if self.right.balance == "Left": 
                    self.replace(p,self.DoubleLeftRotation())
                elif self.right.balance == "Right":
                    self.replace(p,self.SingleLeftRotation())
                return False
        return False 


################################################################

def inpl(): return [int(i) for i in input().split()]
n = int(input())
a = inpl()
b = {a[i]: i for i in range(n)}

root = Avltree()
ass = 0

for i in range(1,n+1):
    l = root.search_lower(b[i],None)
    r = root.search_higher(b[i],None)
    if l == None:
        l = -1
    if r == None:
        r = n
    ass += (b[i]-l)*(r-b[i])*i
    root.insert(b[i])
print(0)







 
################################################################################
class Avltree:
    def __init__(self,key=None):
        self.key = key
        self.left = None
        self.right = None 
        self.balance = "Even"
    def search(self,key):
        if self.key == None:
            return None
        if self.key > key:
            if self.left == None:
                return None
            else:
                return self.left.search(key)
        if self.key < key:
            if self.right == None:
                return None
            else:
                return self.right.search(key)
        return self 
        
    def search_lower(self,key,key_lower):
        if self.key == None:
            return key_lower
        if self.key > key:
            if self.left == None:
                return key_lower
            else:
                return self.left.search_lower(key,key_lower)
        if self.key < key:
            key_lower = self.key
            if self.right == None:
                return key_lower
            else:
                return self.right.search_lower(key,key_lower)
        
        if self.left == None:
            return key_lower
        else:
            if key_lower == None:
                return self.left.end_higher(self.left.key)
            else:
                return max(key_lower,self.left.end_higher(self.left.key))
    
    def search_higher(self,key,key_higher):
        if self.key == None:
            return key_higher
        if self.key > key:
            key_higher = self.key
            if self.left == None:
                return key_higher
            else:
                return self.left.search_higher(key,key_higher)
        if self.key < key:
            if self.right == None:
                return key_higher
            else:
                return self.right.search_higher(key,key_higher)
        
        if self.right == None:
            return key_higher
        else:
            if key_higher == None:
                return self.right.end_lower(self.right.key)
            else:
                return min(key_higher,self.right.end_lower(self.right.key))
        
    
    def end_lower(self,end_lower_key):
        if self.left == None:
            return end_lower_key
        else:
            end_lower_key = self.left.key
            return self.left.end_lower(end_lower_key)
    def end_higher(self,end_higher_key):
        if self.right == None:
            return end_higher_key
        else:
            end_higher_key = self.right.key
            return self.right.end_higher(end_higher_key)
    
            
    def DoubleRightRotation(self):
        tl = self.left
        self.left = tl.right.right
        tl.right.right = self 
        tlr = tl.right
        tl.right = tlr.left
        tlr.left = tl
        if tlr.balance == "Left":
            tlr.right.balance = "Right"
            tlr.left.balance = "Even"
        elif tlr.balance == "Right":
            tlr.right.balance = "Even"
            tlr.left.balance = "Left"
        elif tlr.balance == "Even":
            tlr.right.balance = "Even"
            tlr.left.balance = "Even"
        tlr.balance = "Even"
        return tlr
    def DoubleLeftRotation(self):
        tr = self.right
        self.right = tr.left.left
        tr.left.left = self
        trl = tr.left
        tr.left = trl.right
        trl.right = tr
        if trl.balance == "Right":
            trl.left.balance = "Left"
            trl.right.balance = "Even"
        elif trl.balance == "Left":
            trl.left.balance = "Even"
            trl.right.balance = "Right"
        elif trl.balance == "Even":
            trl.left.balance = "Even"
            trl.right.balance = "Even"
        trl.balance = "Even"
        return trl
    def SingleLeftRotation(self):
        tr = self.right
        tr.balance = "Even"
        self.balance = "Even"
        self.right = tr.left
        tr.left = self
        return tr
    def SingleRightRotation(self):
        tl = self.left
        tl.balance = "Even"
        self.balance = "Even"
        self.left = tl.right
        tl.right = self
        return tl
    def replace(self,p,v): 
        if p.left == self:
            p.left = v
        else :
            p.right = v 
    def insert(self,key): 
        if self.key == None: 
            self.key = key
            return self
        if key < self.key:
            if self.left == None:
                self.left = Avltree(key)
            else:
                self.left.insertx(self,key)
        elif key > self.key:
            if self.right == None:
                self.right = Avltree(key)
            else:
                self.right.insertx(self,key)
        else: # key == self.key:
            pass # do not overwrite
    def insertx(self,p,key): 
        if self.key > key:
            if self.left == None:
                self.left = Avltree(key)
            else:
                if not self.left.insertx(self, key): 
                    return False 
            if self.balance == "Right":
                self.balance = "Even"
                return False
            elif self.balance == "Even":
                self.balance = "Left"
                return True 
            elif self.balance == "Left":
                if self.left.balance == "Right":
                    self.replace(p,self.DoubleRightRotation())
                elif self.left.balance == "Left":
                    self.replace(p,self.SingleRightRotation())
                return False 
        if self.key < key:
            if self.right == None:
                self.right = Avltree(key)
            else:
                if not self.right.insertx(self, key):
                    return False 
            if self.balance == "Left":
                self.balance = "Even"
                return False
            elif self.balance == "Even":
                self.balance = "Right"
                return True
            elif self.balance == "Right":
                if self.right.balance == "Left": 
                    self.replace(p,self.DoubleLeftRotation())
                elif self.right.balance == "Right":
                    self.replace(p,self.SingleLeftRotation())
                return False
        return False 
 
    def to_s(self):
        return self.key
    def left_s(self):
        if self.left == None:
            return None
        return (self.left).key
    def right_s(self):
        if self.right == None:
            return None
        return (self.right).key

################################################################

def inpl(): return [int(i) for i in input().split()]
n = int(input())
a = inpl()
b = {a[i]: i for i in range(n)}

root = Avltree()
ass = 0

for i in range(1,n+1):
    l = root.search_lower(b[i],None)
    r = root.search_higher(b[i],None)
    if l == None:
        l = -1
    if r == None:
        r = n
    ass += (b[i]-l)*(r-b[i])*i
    root.insert(b[i])
print(0)


def find(x):
    if par[x] == x:
        return x
    else:
        return find(par[x])


def unite(x,y):
    x = find(x)
    y = find(y)
    
    if x != y:
        
        if rank[x] < rank[y]:
            par[x] = y
            size[y] += size[x]
        else:
            par[y] = x
            size[x] += size[y]
            if rank[x]==rank[y]:
                rank[x] += 1


def same(x,y):
    return find(x) == find(y)

########################################
n = int(input())
a = list(map(int,input().split()))

par = [0]*n 
for i in range(n):
    par[i] = i
rank = [1]*n 
size = [1]*n 

b = [0]*(n+1) 
for i in range(n):
    b[a[i]]=i

ans = 0
for i in range(n,0,-1):
    k = b[i]
    left = 0
    right = 0
    if k-1>=0 and a[k-1]>a[k]:
        left =  size[find(k-1)]
        unite(k-1,k)
    if k+1<=n-1 and a[k+1]>a[k]:
        right = size[find(k+1)]
        unite(k+1,k)
    ans += (left+1)*(right+1)*a[k]

print(ans)
    

Verdicts: Wrong Answer

Wrong Answer

Wrong Answer

Wrong Answer

Wrong Answer

Accepted