Problem: We have a tree with N vertices, whose i-th edge connects Vertex u_i and Vertex v_i. Vertex i has an integer a_i written on it. For every integer k from 1 through N, solve the following problem:    * We will make a sequence by lining up the integers written on the vertices along the shortest path from Vertex 1 to Vertex k, in the order they appear. Find the length of the longest increasing subsequence of this sequence.  Here, the longest increasing subsequence of a sequence A of length L is the subsequence A_{i_1} , A_{i_2} , ... , A_{i_M} with the greatest possible value of M such that 1 \leq i_1 < i_2 < ... < i_M \leq L and A_{i_1} < A_{i_2} < ... < A_{i_M}.

Submission attempts (in order):
from bisect import bisect_left, bisect, insort

def dfs(v, p):
    i = bisect_left(dp, a[v])
    dp[i], old = a[v], dp[i]
    ans[v] = i
    if p != -1:
        ans[v] = max(ans[v], ans[p])
    for u in to[v]:
        if u == p:
            continue
        dfs(u, v)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    n = int(input())
    a = list(map(int, input().split()))
    to = [[] for _ in range(n)]
    ans = [None]*n
    INF = 10**10
    for _ in range(n-1):
        u, v = map(int, input().split())
        u -= 1
        v -= 1
        to[u].append(v)
        to[v].append(u)
    dp = [INF]*n
    dp[0] = -INF
    dfs(0, -1)
    print("\n".join(list(map(str, ans))))

from bisect import bisect_left
import sys
sys.setrecursionlimit(1000000)


def dfs(v, p):
    i = bisect_left(dp, a[v])
    dp[i], old = a[v], dp[i]
    ans[v] = bisect_left(dp, INF)
    for u in to[v]:
        if u == p:
            continue
        dfs(u, v)
    dp[i] = old

if __name__ == "__main__":
    n = int(input())
    a = list(map(int, input().split()))
    to = [[] for _ in range(n)]
    ans = [0]*n
    INF = 10**10
    for _ in range(n-1):
        u, v = map(int, input().split())
        u -= 1
        v -= 1
        to[u].append(v)
        to[v].append(u)
    dp = [INF]*n
    dp[0] = -INF
    dfs(0, -1)
    print(*ans, sep="\n")

from bisect import bisect_left
import sys
sys.setrecursionlimit(1000000)


def dfs(v, p):
    i = bisect_left(dp, a[v])
    dp[i], old = a[v], dp[i]
    ans[v] = bisect_left(dp, INF)
    for u in to[v]:
        if u == p:
            continue
        dfs(u, v)
    dp[i] = old

if __name__ == "__main__":
    n = int(input())
    a = list(map(int, input().split()))
    to = [[] for _ in range(n)]
    ans = [None]*n
    INF = 10**10
    for _ in range(n-1):
        u, v = map(int, input().split())
        u -= 1
        v -= 1
        to[u].append(v)
        to[v].append(u)
    dp = [INF]*n
    dp[0] = -INF
    dfs(0, -1)
    print("\n".join(list(map(str, ans))))

from bisect import bisect_left
import sys
sys.setrecursionlimit(1000000)


def dfs(v, p):
    i = bisect_left(dp, a[v])
    dp[i], old = a[v], dp[i]
    ans[v] = bisect_left(dp, INF)-1
    for u in to[v]:
        if u == p:
            continue
        dfs(u, v)
    dp[i] = old

if __name__ == "__main__":
    n = int(input())
    a = list(map(int, input().split()))
    to = [[] for _ in range(n)]
    ans = [0]*n
    INF = 10**20
    for _ in range(n-1):
        u, v = map(int, input().split())
        u -= 1
        v -= 1
        to[u].append(v)
        to[v].append(u)
    dp = [INF]*(n+1)
    dp[0] = -INF
    dfs(0, -1)
    print("\n".join(list(map(str, ans))))

Verdicts: Runtime Error

Runtime Error

Runtime Error

Accepted