Problem: We have N ID cards, and there are M gates.  We can pass the i-th gate if we have one of the following ID cards: the L_i- th, (L_i+1)-th, ..., and R_i-th ID cards.  How many of the ID cards allow us to pass all the gates alone?

Submission attempts (in order):
#!/usr/bin/env python3

import sys
# import math
# import re                                    # re.compile(pattern) => ptn obj; p.search(s), p.match(s), p.finditer(s) => match obj; p.sub(after, s)

# from collections import defaultdict          # subclass of dict. defaultdict(facroty)
# from collections import Counter              # subclass of dict. Counter(iter): c.elements(), c.most_common(n), c.subtract(iter)
# from heapq import heapify, heappush, heappop # built-in list. heapify(L) changes list in-place to min-heap in O(n), heappush(heapL, x) and heappop(heapL) in O(lgn).
# from heapq import nlargest, nsmallest        # nlargest(n, iter[, key]) returns k-largest-list in O(n+klgn).
# from itertools import count, cycle, repeat   # count(start[,step]), cycle(iter), repeat(elm[,n])
# from itertools import groupby                # [(k, list(g)) for k, g in groupby('000112')] returns [('0',['0','0','0']), ('1',['1','1']), ('2',['2'])]
# from itertools import starmap                # starmap(pow, [[2,5], [3,2]]) returns [32, 9]
# from itertools import product                # product(iter, repeat=n)
# from itertools import accumulate             # accumulate(iter[, f])
# from functools import reduce                 # reduce(f, iter[, init])
# from functools import lru_cache              # @lrucache ...arguments of functions should be able to be keys of dict
# from bisect import bisect_left, bisect_right # bisect_left(a, x, lo=0, hi=len(a)) returns i such that all(val<x for val in a[lo:i]) and all(val>-=x for val in a[i:hi]).
# from copy import deepcopy                    # to copy multi-dimentional matrix without reference
# from fractions import gcd                    # for Python 3.4


def main():
    mod = 1000000007                  # 10^9+7
    inf = float('inf')
    sys.setrecursionlimit(10**6)    # 1000 -> 1000000
    def input(): return sys.stdin.readline().rstrip()
    def ii():  return int(input())
    def mi():  return map(int, input().split())
    def mi_0(): return map(lambda x: int(x)-1, input().split())
    def lmi(): return list(map(int, input().split()))
    def lmi_0(): return list(map(lambda x: int(x)-1, input().split()))
    def li():  return list(input())
    
    
    n, m = mi()
    l_list = []
    r_list = []
    for _ in range(m):
        l, r = mi()
        l_list.append(l)
        r_list.append(r)
    print(max(min(r_list)-max(l_list)+1), 0)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import sys
# import math
# import re                                    # re.compile(pattern) => ptn obj; p.search(s), p.match(s), p.finditer(s) => match obj; p.sub(after, s)

# from collections import defaultdict          # subclass of dict. defaultdict(facroty)
# from collections import Counter              # subclass of dict. Counter(iter): c.elements(), c.most_common(n), c.subtract(iter)
# from heapq import heapify, heappush, heappop # built-in list. heapify(L) changes list in-place to min-heap in O(n), heappush(heapL, x) and heappop(heapL) in O(lgn).
# from heapq import nlargest, nsmallest        # nlargest(n, iter[, key]) returns k-largest-list in O(n+klgn).
# from itertools import count, cycle, repeat   # count(start[,step]), cycle(iter), repeat(elm[,n])
# from itertools import groupby                # [(k, list(g)) for k, g in groupby('000112')] returns [('0',['0','0','0']), ('1',['1','1']), ('2',['2'])]
# from itertools import starmap                # starmap(pow, [[2,5], [3,2]]) returns [32, 9]
# from itertools import product                # product(iter, repeat=n)
# from itertools import accumulate             # accumulate(iter[, f])
# from functools import reduce                 # reduce(f, iter[, init])
# from functools import lru_cache              # @lrucache ...arguments of functions should be able to be keys of dict
# from bisect import bisect_left, bisect_right # bisect_left(a, x, lo=0, hi=len(a)) returns i such that all(val<x for val in a[lo:i]) and all(val>-=x for val in a[i:hi]).
# from copy import deepcopy                    # to copy multi-dimentional matrix without reference
# from fractions import gcd                    # for Python 3.4


def main():
    mod = 1000000007                  # 10^9+7
    inf = float('inf')
    sys.setrecursionlimit(10**6)    # 1000 -> 1000000
    def input(): return sys.stdin.readline().rstrip()
    def ii():  return int(input())
    def mi():  return map(int, input().split())
    def mi_0(): return map(lambda x: int(x)-1, input().split())
    def lmi(): return list(map(int, input().split()))
    def lmi_0(): return list(map(lambda x: int(x)-1, input().split()))
    def li():  return list(input())
    
    
    n, m = mi()
    l_list = []
    r_list = []
    for _ in range(m):
        l, r = mi()
        l_list.append(l)
        r_list.append(r)
    print(max(min(r_list)-max(l_list)+1, 0))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Verdicts: Runtime Error

Accepted