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SUBJECT: TD

The Director, Roon l2l Adninistration Building TO:

1. For the past few months the subject of TD has been carefully by a group of investigators all of whom
studied at the?
possess an extensive background in the fields of psychology and psychiatry.
Prior to enbarking on the project, the group interviewed t-on this orcanization concerning their fron this organization concerulug vue

knozledge of present day interrogation procedures. Shortly thereaf'ter, our departinent was requested to send volunteers to New York at the rate of three a week which represented two complete days of investigation per man. The subjects selected at, first were enlisted retirnees and at suggestion, no particular briefing was given to these men.

2. Plan of procedure:

a. Each individual was given a fairly complete psychological exanination. exanination. -atin friendlv atmosDhere

b. Attempts were then made by creating a friendly atmosphere to extract secret military inforaation using an indirect subtle approach. e. TD was then administered, and it's results were careiully -d d itle results ere carefully noted as to physiological and psychological effect and the output'of additional information, particularly that which the individual apparently. was forzerly reluctant to discuss.

3. Results: TD produced a physiologisal disturbance in all the subjects to a minor degree. Fron the psychological standpoint, the general rapport appeared to be enhanced. No untovard results were encountered with the exception that one individual exhibited acute anxiety which necessitated thé termination of the interview. Concerning the output of military information, all of the men iisplayed a surprising lack of security consciousness. They freely discussed intimate details of their work with OsS, both with or without TD. This naturally led some of the doctors to believe that in those instances where'more information was obtained after TD, that the substance itself actually was responsible, However, a careful analysis indicated that in all probability the resultwould have been the saze without TD, it just being a master of-tine before the desired. infornation was obtained.

L. In view of the fact that the enlisted men revealed so much inforuation, it was decided to send only officer returnees. Before these . men departed for New York, they were instracted by this departiment that they were not to reveal any infornation concerning their overseas activities witn CSS. However, inasnuch as they failed to realize that they were heine exposed to an interrogation procedure at the hospital, they unwittingly

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dropped some information that should have been withheld. Because of this, it was again difficult to properly evaluate the role of TD. After consultations with the investigators in New York, the briefing was radically changed and it was decided to send only two officers a week which would allow an extra day of study per man. The subjects were carefully told in our office that what they were to experience in New York City was an interrogation procedure, and that they must always be on the alert, (naturally no mention was made of TD). It was also decided to write out a short synopsis of their real activities in OsS along with four other propositions all egually plausible but completely false. All five propositions were given to the group at and it then became their concern to determine which of the five propositions was the correst one. At about this tize a lie detector was procured and each subject was routinely tested on this machine.

5. Results: kny classified military information became much more difficult to extract, both with and without TD. (The lie detector was quite successful in some instances.) TD certainly contributes to the establishment and maintenance of rapport and inspired a certain amount of confidence in the individual. However, it does not by any means destrcy his personality pattern and will not cause an incividual to deliberately reveal any matter which he considers secret. However, in several instances, it was felt that the individual, because of the loss of inhibition, may have dropped items of information which it is assumed he would not have done without the stimulus of the substance. There can be no question that if rapport is destrcyed or if the incividual is put on his guard, even to the slightest degree, that TD will have nc effect whatsoever.

6.. I conducted the entire investigation in New York City for the past ten days during which time three subjects were interviewed. My irprussion is that ID is an asset to interrogation and if I had to rute it on a scale of ten I would assign a rating to it of from one to two.

7. The most important element in obt-ining infornation is the establishment of rapport. This is accomplished (1) by using an indirect, subtle approach, (2) by creating a friendly, pleasant environnent, (3) By avoiring any act that places an individual on his guard. TD seems to improve rapport and it has the advantage that the individual does not realise that he is under the influence of any foreign agent. TD doesnot render-an individual a tool in the hands of an interrogator. Without the pmper rapport and the environment, it is of no value. I have discussed thisentire- subject'with and indicated to him the limitations of TD and it was his impression that in view of the fact that TD was not an effective agent in destroying an individual's ability to withhold infonnation that he could see no real indication for it's use in the present set-up in

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