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1/1. Chief, A rit: Rescarch Staff Technicai Pranch, ers A Report of Retyrn Tril F

A portation riey of the extrene shorta t ofUavaidablatcoerelal trans to return to the United States on oanited sta o-/3

2.. At the tims the requests were made for roturn via this plano,
A and the writor ware informed byt e that the air-
B13 crant cn question das a stated that, as far as ho knew, was hringing the snip to the United States and the posoibility lor-taking other passengers oxisted.

Sinco the fright was,scheduled to leavethe Sun-6 September 1952 and the writer, accompanied by wont to the airport and were certified through apparently and placed-on the --- --- passcnger list and boarded the plane at approximatnly à quarter of twelve, unday evening.

5. At anproximatel 7 September 1952, with plane took off from the back. The crew consisted

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hile it had boen oxplained to à and Lhe writer that this was the first trip of auch a nature and it was noceasary to lay on cortain details for future flights, it navertheluss aoomed poorly executod from a security point of view and possibly hazardous.

A

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1. It is an error to act. upon the word of another without full knowladge anddtajls. It appoars obvious tliat, tle-ARTiCiokE Tean would never have beon sent. out of the country if details of this work had beon known in advance.

2. Thero is a wide difference in the concepts of Aroncy-type work held by professors or individuals working in the States and others engaged in actual opicrations overscas.

3. In work of this type, thore is an extremoly wide differenco betwcon reactions of actual subjects whero much is at stake (porhaps life or death) and collego studonts or professional subjects hired for experimental purposcs.

h. In work of this type, it appears that prisoncrs confined in penitentaries or jails are far closor to operational aubjects than eithor colleke stucients or professionallly hired subjects. In view of this, consideration should be civen to working out some sort of program whereby prisonors could he usod for tosting purposes prhor and research with drugs, chemicals, ctc. prior to their 八 overscas use.

5. In tho opinion of the APTICHiOKE Team, the drugs used in this exporimont were not successfully concealed in the liquids used. It appcars that, somc of the drugswero bitter, some or. combinations thereof produced intoxication and some clouded certain liquids.

6. It is the cpinion of the ARTIClOkE Team members that contrary to the statement. in the original Top Secret memorandim that the drugs were non-toxic;& drugs usod definitely were toxic and increasingly so in greater dosages.

7. It arpears that it would be rest, if drugs were developed for testing, that the actual testing of the drugs be left to tiiose who havc to do vith actual operations and not by t ose wìo develop the drugs. Since under this method it is too easy to tievelcp excuses and alibis For failurc of tho drugs to act as claimed. This, of course, does not mean that experimental work is condemned by the ARTICHOkE Tean, but a common sense approach in this dlirection will preclude arguments, alibis and complaints as in the recent situation.

8. Aa recognized by the ARTICHOKE Team and by all intercsted SO staff officers, when cerimental work is to be performed in the fuiture, arrangenents should be made for large mumbers of casos to be handled. When tho work is to be done on a specific cnse with a specific purpose in mind, but not in the sense an experimtntal operation, then ARTiCloKE Team action may be necessary on one or few cases.

SPECIAL COMFNTS

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.The ARTICHOKE Team is also. of the opinion that io a grent cxtent a
fraud was perpetrated or at least a groos misrepresontation wac mado to the by concerning use stunds both at B and in the advocation of this... expedition. Certainy ro
o tsdirstaning ad a c pletely induae adeir hrd made l lack deliberate attempt to mislead and deceive. drugs were not "now" werc not perfectly concpalsble in any sense, are definitely known to be toxic, and failed üse of them to produce any worthwhile results whatsoever from our point of view.

The ARTICHOKE Team is abaolutely of the opinion tha B/6 ane throughout this operation scted in cood faith and no blame shoulc tsontachodito tho t hoy corrpiol and worked contimuusly to B

COHDENTS

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In the opinien of the ARTICilOKE Team and in the opinion of tof th5 the experiment in Tinvolving -produccd druigs, was entirely wsuccessful.\_Whother head of the or上 his ascistant, feel that this work was successful or not is ünknon to the ARTICHOKE Team. However, from our point of vicw, it may be said that the results were negative and that, in general, the trip was a waste of time, effort and money.

However, as result of this joint operation, cortain recommendations can be made for future activities along these lines. These recommendations are as follows:

1. That hereafter, no ARTICHOKE personnel shonld be uced on exprevious, full. and detailed knowlodge of the work to-be performed, the problems involved, the chericals, drugs or devices to be used, etc., etc. This particularly should apply towork involving overseas travel.

2. That, whenever possible, if joint operations arc carried out, the group should be kept at an aosolute minimm and thon only those who are to actually work in the operation should be included.

3. As an absolute rule, women should be excluded from any AnTICliOkE type work or oporation, particularly in overseas operations. .This is essential for two roasons. The first is that that thc work is hazardous under certain circunstances and the second is the problem involving personal convenience,' toilet facilities, etc., arc complicated by the presence of women-

h. If ARTICHCKE or-for that matter any SO branch or division contracts for work to be dono outside or arranges for projects to be carried 、on by outsiders, very careful and continuous chocks should be maintained on these outside projects at all times so, that, this Agoncy will not hc burened with a situation such as is apparently operating 3 at 表 undee B/6

It

CONCLUSIONS