[PAGE 1]
YsA eagrojes 98

TNO0C CEEX LIST

Tiee Rrtevéed Allotasat

[PAGE 2]
CERITFICATION

I certify that tho reaaining Smds for MULRA & 98 voro 6
pald sha fumds era to be
used, in paying final roport typing expenses. Sinco ihis payuent vas nado, th. ndiog rechantsn
has boen teninated. le ere thorefore,uoable to obtain a dotailed
account' frod .It is my oplnion that
these Sods have been spent by MouaãA f 03 in the ccmletioa of
his research end in accordeneo vith tho Ecant approval. A couy of tha cencelled cheok is op file in T50/BF.

APPROVED:

31DREY C0M0088 C/TO

[PAGE 3]
Memorandum for:-Chief,-TSD/BF Subject: Dr esearch Grant

1. In May 1965, the remaining balance of Dr.
grant, that had previously been adminitered by the of \$156.37 was sent to the ati Dr. request. This sum was to be hcld by them to
cover.typingcosts on-his-project when it.was completed.

2. Attached is-a copy of-The covering letter. and the check that was\_sent\_to

3 is not longer an 6 entity ds of Jumne-1966 and, therefore,  cannot requcst further accountings.

4. If further information is desired, we wil1 behappy to furnish it. C

It is heroby certified that \$156.37. was correctly paid to

O 98-3

November 17, 1966

[PAGE 5]
O

May 3, 1965

Gentleven:

Fuclosed please find s cheok in the amovnt of \$156.37 which represents a balance of grant cade to Drsr from this organieacion.:

C Dr. of your hae esked us to forvard thie sua to you to hold in his nane for cxpenses that will be-incurred in the cospletion of his work on the grant.

Thank you for your cooperation in this matter. We would appreciate your lorwarding en eeoounting of chis sum vhen it ia spant.

Sincerely,

co: be.

[PAGE 7]
L to  T  or t et t e e  et t t  t  t o

t    a t e   te e e ne  e ee e dte er    e   o  o   cr    o ds

cs  ts  s ae. sae     e  a ee    e t r     re pne t e o coe   e e te e p g  s A   o e    e      t

cney n  cd, o oe. at  e   e  ae e e e n    ar

s e      r       c  y ar  o Sr       a s r tt  n

aty   y y  y  y s ce xe  ee e are xe  peb sr ros ru J enre sat  e   e e e      n t   e   ot e  n t ts st  nn

thes Ds a d. mne e  de e  e e  e re     om

ne     e     e   t  od

INSCICNS

[PAGE 8]
O

16. Roveaber 1966

EEMORARDU4 FOR : Ch1oP, TSD/BAB

C ATEEITICN

SUDJECE Dr. Research Grent

l. The xrant status report for tho period April/Juse 1965

roflects disburoeuent of l56.37 to Dre

2. It 1s requestel thst an sccounting be obtatued fron Dr.

this erent.

a,  A

Distributiou: Original. & 1 - Adãressee

Akhetin95

[PAGE 9]
IaoRADU FoR: Certifieation end Laison Division, Covert Claius Eranch

SUDJTCT

; NUTA Subpeojeet 93

l. This projoct voo aporored, wãer the cutbority erontod in tho mesovandun datea 13 April 1953 Crca the D0l to tho 10/A (u0/8). The project vas eypzoved oa 11 égust 1959 in the emount of \$9,735.00.

2. Roviey of interaal, TD racords. indicate thet only one Auding 1 (69,735.co) has becn mcdo to dcor thio projoct. Purther that has passod to ard vocsivcd en accovatirg froa tho crenteo in the enount or 09,570.63. This cocowntbug vaich wao zocorded on your voucher Fo. h45831, xeflects vmusod crant funis in tho oout of 156.37.

3. Foca a perusel cs tho ryricd of Vouchers vhich tovch on the many MTRA subprojeets it eppcars that tho cntry made on your voucbor No. 35233l is à Cuplication od ether catries arfceting this acccuat.

h. As of 30 Septcsber 1565 tho 750.0 accowat Gehsidiary Ledger reflcets an-outstanding balonoo foe cutpoject 93 of 4,927.03. Tais asout is over oiatoá and chculd be cäjusted to reflect tho corrcet outstasdins balonco of ç156.37 ao stated on tho erontoes Last accounting•

20 October 1965

Distribubion: Criginal & l  Alaressoe

[PAGE 12]
an t   tr  r tr s       t t tr r ss sds  o St a rr s e st c ttns d t   se eee oez. e  e  a d  r e r  s ee re e e  ne n  o e Ates  r r  e er e e ar   c

or     ts r e    e r  t r r

Pta Ba e o Bat a e Ss sa ns o a t ae std p  o ee en adeJs Sur r Btr   tr  o  stnr  r  o  r

des  etes o tes ro seee  r , a ses re B  r    se   s     e  tr

g p t S o e s   e e e     t e  e te eo

(u1

[PAGE 13]
Enclosed please find the accounting -for:...rom Which shows a 0 balancc.This should close that.old ρ

I have written to for an a ing of the last e:f 2 years bnthe. \$30,000 grant to B C.

Enclosed is an accounting on which I have made. up since I had all his records and madetne payments for him. He may use the balance up in some small expenditures which he has not yet requested reiabursement for so plcase" don't close this one out.

Enclosed also is a copy of a letter from which you can put in his file..He is stil1 spendingour grant money and won't account until it is all gone.

Best personal regards.

O O

00 98-9

September 12, 1963

[PAGE 14]
Grant to Dr. 1959 in the amount of\$9,735.00

Expenditures;

Equipment 1 Sr 284.60

Research Assistants 1,566.50

Principal Investigator Fees 7,350.00

Fees for library access, Supplies and Books. 377.53

Total Expended to date 9,578.63

Balanccin\_account S 156.37

The above expenditres were made by the Fund, only direct payments. B ,therefore, controlled the finances and kept the records of payments. I certify that these are true expenditures from,Dr. grant.

I certlcy th cece: or aorials have been satisiactorir!penditurca were ircurred n ticia!s.

Dato: Jen 15 M96Y

Scptomber 12; 1963

[PAGE 15]
POATE POR TE KCOD:O

SOBJFCTL. rr. Froject- Finaneial árrangonents

Tris Eerorandue vill congino the verbal discussion betveen r. C and Pr.regardiny fin kciel arrangoments pgreed upon at the preset tire. C B

eleree 1. iss on the cate thst tr. w111 becone notifios us..iss C will bo raid on tho basis of 5,oco.co a yeer on half tine basis. This will ba paic in zonthly installeents and is sublect to tho withholding taxes ani sccial secuei C lss is entitled to P as a romor dsloee 0 hecoue\_a aecberxon if sho so cesires.

2. Fayront uill bo rado proptly of any vouoh ra subaitted C by IrO or expeases incarred for his project. n

C 3. Cr Lill investigate sudtable equipcant for copy tho 6 work Mn librarios sud gill aotityt typo he "ecls rost sathofectorye at thait tine it wiul bo decideo thethęr, prdpreat for Dr.rrrrot his budget funds or wtuther yuáll porchase this C itself vitl purchase tie equiprent and loan 6 it to Ir.& C

B iil wait until. Gther than tho shove cotditions, 1 laetmkes furthr plans aftor the first or tho yoar botoro caking other/Cinacelal paysents.

Septesbor 18, 1959

[PAGE 16]
Cost Account052s: /009-/102

98-11

[PAGE 17]
Kautsn, Euproject 98, Iovoics No. 1
A110tmout 02.5-1009-5902

1. Invoice No. l io attached covering the above sutprojoot. Peyuent should to nado es follosst 4

Caghder'e Choct iu tho ccat of £9,735.00 dresa on pasble to B

2. plesce forweri the check to Chdef, T3/clenical Divislon thcuah 30s/Bulret 0crieor ty Mosday,.8 Geptoster 1929.

3. This io a Sioel invoice. Eowaver, sinos it 19 auticiyated thet oaiitioral Cuela will to oblicsted foc thio project. tho Silsa ahovld not te closed.

T00/0henicsl Division

Atteola ent Irvoic: & Cortiricatiooe

Distrituion Orig 6 2 =.603ve5059 1. + 4

os35100g.490d

EUSJECT

VIA

86 August 1959

MEORATA PORL CILEF. FITPIO3 DIVTOTON

Te2/sudgat orfteer

[PAGE 18]
26 moist 1959

NEORDTO4 F0R: CII2. FIPAR02 DTVTSION

VIA s/oodget ofs1cor

CGEIDT 1o, Sobprojast 90, Irvoies Ho. 1 A33cta2mt 0225-2002-1903

l. Ivoico Yo. l is atiechea coverivs tho above qubproject. Pavcont 8r0u14 bo pedt ca 1ollowa1

Cushior's Choot in the cacunt.or d3.735.00 drova cn E psylo to B

2. Ploase foxvari the ctock to Ctef, Tss/croaicel liviston throuh Teo/sedcet orrlcer by Eweeãay, 8 ceyteator 2959.

3. Cois is a Ciel invoios. Eowever, sisoo it io cnticipatcd that ediitiocal.fumds vlll be oblicated for thio project, the files cbonla not te clocod.

T6s/choaical Divlcion

Attachoent Javoico à Certirications

Ieatributlout Grig & 2 » A5droesoo 1-/2 2TSS/CD

TSS/CD 26 Aug 59)

[PAGE 19]
CERTTFICATIOUS

(1) It io hareby certified that this is Invoico ro. 1 epplying to Sub» projoct Lo. S3 or HA, that pertornco is satisfoctory, that servieos oro boirg spcornlished in cccordanco with uutuel arrceusnts, that a de» tailed egerãs of the payssats and receipts is on file in Tes/cb, that this bill is just ond correct and that poycent thoreor has not yot been mado.

Chiet, cos/Choadcal Division

batet

(2) It is borady ccrtified thst this invoice applies to Subprojoct No. 97 of lolxA vaich ves duly cyyrovod, end that de projeot is deing carriod cut in accordtance with the socorendun or 13 Aprii 1953 froa tho Dol to the po/a, and tho extonstoa os thts muthority tu subsoquont osoraróa.

XIVOICR

Por services

49,735.00

[PAGE 20]
official Check No. G35642 in the arount of \$9,735.00, drawn\_on payable to

Receipt is hereby acknowledged of the following:

[PAGE 21]
MOOANU FOXI COSTROLLEA

ACTENTION ↑ Finance Divlsion

SUBJEOT HaLTRA, Subprojzet 93

Unler the euthortty crented in the Hosorendun dated 13 Apri1 1953 from the DCI to the P0/A, end tho extonsion o2 thia authiority in subsequent nooorsodo, Subyrojeot 93 has beer epproved and \$9,735.00 or tho oror-all Projeet 1alRA funãs beve been ohligoteá to cover tha subproject'a exponsos sná shoula bo cherged to Allotoent 0525-1009-h902.

TOs/Cheaical Division

APPNOED FOR ODLIGATION OP FnDSi

Date:

Distributtoca Cris 612 4 Addrestec

TSS/CDA 6 August 1959)

6 Angoot 1959

[PAGE 22]
MEMORANDUM FOR: THES RECORD 7
SUBJECT : MUTRA, Subproject 98

1.The-purpose of.Subproject 98 is to support Dr. research work in mass conversion as outlined in the attached. proposal.Material possessed by some of projects (e.g. and the data at will be inte-

grated into one document tying togethor evaluatiors of change of attitude, personality and behavior.

for security and cover porposes: and the accountines for funás expended in-it shall conform to the established procedures of that organization. It is not anticipated that auy permanent cquipuaont will-be required for the project, but should the occasion arise, it will become the property of the University in lieu of higher overhead charges.

3.: The total cost of this project for a poriod of two years is estimated to be \$9,735.00 as indicated in-the ettached proposal. Charges shou1a be made against A1lotment 0525-1009-h902.

Downgraded to: by authority of: 187475 cate: June 1977 E2 INPDET: CL BX 187475

[PAGE 23]
4. No cleared or witting persons are concerned with the conduct of this project..

APPROVED FOR OBLIGATION OF FUNDS:

Atteched: Proposal

Distribution: Original only

ES IMPDET; CL BY 187475

[PAGE 24]
FROPOSAL FOR RESEARCH ON SOME ASFECTS OF MASS CONVEESIOK

Whether conversion on furdunental papbora.or idgoloey end morality cen be achieved on a castive acala constitutas en ipportar theoretical, problaa. Its practicel import, noraover, is trought. hone wher ore cozsidars ite direct toaring on nons saominrly álverss phenoaena, zuch es trensfornstions schieved ia "therapeutic" groupa. the "brainwash!ng" of Aaeriesn POae ès Korea, the arpeal of nodera mats evangeliea, the enthusinza aroveed by some revolutionary maas movensnts, etc. Put the colleative aspecto of mass conversion, it seems are not easily etuiied by the conventional experiwpntal designs or stat -tical maniplation, which aro oftea held up as the iéeal in pocisl reeesrch.

Coicrate instapcas of spparent maas conversion can nevertheless be etudied sciontifically, if ons approaches then iidiroctly by drswing oa availsble fitdins of parallel phsnoaons. Maay psycho logical sad scciological studies heving cicaely te standard nethoda of investigation contain fináirgs vhose raluveuca to tha problam of "conversion" hawe reraly been considered aystematicslly, It is proposed then, firat, to extrsct eome of the alreaéy availablo fiudings srd, second, to spply them to cees materials ilroady collected, Apart frou this effort tovards eynthesie on tho basis of roporta of sass phenouare, no étsyg-aised at independant validau os of propoeitions dp proposed.

Working Asdinptions

To be fruitful this iuvestigation rust bagia with an adequsts definition. of coaversion and of ths phonomoca to ba subsuned vnder thie ceneric type.

As a workice kofiuition coveruiae the resaazch, the folloves is proposed: à coaversion iu s funiamentst cherño fi.a. ka about-fase) concorning bavig woral, religioua, or political nutiere which Laste after tha preeruree which havo intuced it svs resovod.

Thie defiaition ehould ellow one to ralsteposvcrcion"to attituás chense, on the one hand, aad parsonatity changs, on che oshsr. Prthersors, the roquirement that it de rolatively peraeasrt allove one to distinguiah betveen conversion and wany teaperary outburets of hyatoria, oic, which. have scmotimss boes taken ta tha eereace of a conversion oxporience. A reviex of ths relevant liturstore should holp to refine the defiaition and porhspr peruit also a distinctioa mmong covornl mubtypse.

A rscond working asyumption ie to be redo: mass convaraion ia a colloctive affsir in asaoch ks thoas iafluoncod elno influepce one mnothar. It is not sispls escriea of ferallel. changee that take plsee in a plurelity of individuels uuder similsr presaures. On the contrary, snowball-lika effocts are poatuleted.

98-2

98-15

[PAGE 25]
The invosticetion ehall deal with thros distinct, though logically related, issues. Ench of thes can bo put am a quvutioni.

(1) Who is susceptible ?

(2) Unier whgt coaditiors are changes effectod t

(3) What 1e ths nature of the change 1

As a prelicary to any sttompt st synthssie, tho litersture must be revisveu for any cluas concerning these three questioue.

Ro (1) ths suscoptiblos: There ie the iasue of whethor convereion reata, sa Jares ras hola, uron the exietence of. a mub. mergod sids of'ths "divided" solf whlch tho experience or criais Eerely brings to the fore. Can a person be converteà in a direction not in lina with preaispositioas, which rey porhmps not be mcknowleége€ by tho porsont Phoro are also qtsations concornioe ths xaka-ap cf the eusosptible pereoaslity. According to eoms, convsrsion is a reaction sfainst authoritarisn prgssures exporiencsd ae elion; the convort rabele. Other soholsra hava helk to tha oyposite vier, namely thet ths lack of strons commitment is what mskes for suecepiibility.

Pe (2) tha conditions of conversion, An sxanination of tha verious kinis of prasuurss applied is prerequiaito for an eralyois of the situation fn which nes coanitasnts sre effected. Prassure, as usad here, inclvées nore than conscicusly plaazsd manipulstion to effect a chang?,'i.e. the advancs properetioa, warm-op, and simickry which precede tha appsal. To bs considered elso «re tho altarnativez open to tho iniividual, the irpaot of yiblie images ene the kind of support they appoer to provide, ané tha eifeet of ta act baing definod by others as a conversion. The boat that ons can aiu at in this regard is a "natural hietorg" of the phsnouonop. Theoretically it should ba pceoibla to syell out the necessery ard. sufficieat corditioas that impal or that limit cheage in ery givon dirvction. Eere is eleo whers csus materiels vill becespecinlly veeftl.

Ry (3) tho sgo-old quostion of vhathar a pormenent chaage is achisvel. It seoos aávisable to roforeulate this quvrtiop by inguirleg aa to vtat residoal changes remaia opes tho presstras tovard thé new cokaitzent ero rsnovek or easea. Dous a peruanoat reorguntsestea of bolisfe requira avstainod group sopport? Or doos ths jaaividual's énthasicen cad crovp cntavsiasm exparience a natural let-dowa orge the initial exciteaant ard Ohe secompavyine prossurce waar offt Gf courzs. thero aro rot the oaly aiternstivey. Many Ensuticipstai reaetions (dosignod to Leeaun copflict betvzan lkeologles cdandonad and tho nor orrs avceptea) rey leave a pormsaat residne.

Plen of Study

Sopl: Asalyais of what kae been typed as convorsion 1n the Pust:

0

2

Vejor Itsias

98-2

[PAGE 26]
(a) A apscific, usually a relicicusly-typed, exparionco vhich sigaifies inner commitront to a cauze, The recognition of súch an exparience as conversion involves "eecription" of a azw role by othere. but the digtinotion botusen cryatallization of lsbsnt diryonitione end aa atout-face is obsearsd iy thio coaccptualisation.

(b) Dofecttcn from ono religious, political, or national aifiliation to ancthor. Actuslly this nsod not be a now comwituent inabauch ae tha changa may ba axko ae a matter of opportvnism and rslates only to intoresta which ars psriphersl.

(c) A caange of outicok, whether ctdden or dramatic or greával,, on a matter central to the poraonslity. Thia kizd of. conversioa appears sssontislly & wkttet c? "resocielieation." Easic values and highly patterned foraa of behavior are affsctes.

Stucias of Pconvsreica" are to be ovaluated in the light of these dintinctions.

Steg 2. Evalvittonicf shdiytdesl csros of convareion, vaing tho éefinitios "e" above as è auids inzselsotion of materinls. This will sear tha inolueion of xsterials vhich bave oftes been onittod in disougaioas or coaversion. Rolavent entcbiortalhical, clinical, snd Mistoricnl matoriels are to bs reviowaé. Eno eaia purposo ox thie ruvisv is to oxiract hypotoosse end queations cencerning the thres questions: Srecoptibility to coavarsion, ths ovanto that provckeé it, and ths rstora of the chapgo.

Stoy 3. à reviev of teohniqces fcurd eifactive in briugipe about a bazic chaare ia sociel rolo. Keievant data éle to be evaluated with regard to two questicse: ths personslity tyyes on whom they a moet, effuctive ans tha Feraanonce of the changos prcduced.

Tho followins techatgucs vctle aprear to do nort relovant hae:

(s) hyyaolts and mugseotion

(b) thsrep., the waetained mobilisatich of affect

(o) "eaeription,\* tha rignification of changs of etatua as a recalt of itiiistion cersscuies, crccific expariesces, ete, vhich legitisete the accaptunce cf e. now rolo in ths cyts of othere.

(a) poreunvien, tho cusceptibillty to ratioaul argument by appsule to intorozta ans dispositions in a parnon to some dezrgo corsciova of beinc ths turzet of such eyposls

(o) entoroed isolation, indivjdusl confinemant, and all techniquas wheraby pordttoa and inloraation can. be mose hemogenaods ans monopelirel, mlniaizing any coapating 1 211v2a002

(f) ctrss, saaetion, sud the throat of syvera puntahmont-al of rrtet tned te thaaes the resard ativctoro.

93-2

C

0

[PAGE 27]
Step L. Analyeis of conversior in a group context. The emphasis it to te on tha collective ipflvences which oporato to cefine the rolee of individcala vis-a-vis one anothar and givs rise to nek croup idontities. Below are ecme subject aress with exasples:

(a) Group therapy. Classical croup therzpyi AA aad the Sociaty of Feformed Drankardr in the l8hos; New York City Youth Foard sctivities.

(b) Recruitmont irto the active coll or the nuclous of the select, Folitical ard religious sects and other "nstvrel" microccsms.

(e) Grovp infiuences during forcod detainmont. Prisopers of war, concentration camp, ano the Zvargseeseinschaft.

(a) Cyngea in socisl anviropment due to geographical movensnt. The "reeocislization" of the irnigraat or migrent in resporse to a voluntary change in his cultural enviroirert a.ithout necaesary prior motivation to abandon kis old comnitmenta.

(e) Chapees in reoponse to organized campaigns and pegoxntwy in which aass enotions are mobilised around new sywbola Ravivelisa (cepscially Billy Grahaa Crczaas), political epoctaclee, etc.

(f) Chanre during e poriod of political inatacility whon clasn structure and style of lifo are fundarentally affecteà.Changes in lifo concitione which afrect the totel aocioty.

Step5. Synthosie

Tha diverse mstorisle covered and tho generalirations to be derived sre to focts on the thise besic probleny out)itad for invastigatlon, To repoat, the study choulù pprmit sose clarificatbn, for exampls, of the rather crude hypothoais that souo kind of inner discord Éssceles coaversion alvsys. A socopd hypotzaeis, slgo in rathsr beozd fors, hoids that the crlticial sitvatioa in which preszure Ip applicd must elvays entail a narrovint of alternatives anà the promlse of conflict roeolution. Such s propositisn peeár, ahove tll, clarification, Firally, it tas teen contecded that th only guarantee for a converticnte permanonce are accoupenying supportivo chenzeo in the cosvarés inmeáiate sccial anvironmont. Juat wrat the nature of such sopport is also might bo clsrified.

Another Froblen to te touched vpon concerus the "interehangability of suaceptitiss. Are cho various kitds-of rolitical, aociol, reiigious cownitazuts really equivalentt Azain thin survey should onsble va en pinpoint vore procisaly aross of inveetigation in nead of moro intonsiva etucy.

90-2

CO

1

[PAGE 28]
Tire Ccredule ard Couts

Froliminary work 1s to commosce in the sumsor of l959.Vafor unately there apienrs practically no chance that cither br. Sor I can cet any kind of laave cr reducad teaching loed during the latter helf of 1959. During this porioe, s reseerch asaistant (with an équivalent of a maulere' degree) covié get sturted with bibliograpbical work and atotrsoting of litorature. During the. nazt ssreeters, either one of ue (or both) will seek a half-tiwa reduction in tesching load to epoed alore tha fAobjoct.

A two-year period is onvisioned as aecessmry to complste this anslyeia.

Support of solf (cr Dr to got roduction of teaching losd at \$5500 por anma) 3 vomosters of half-tima

Rosearch assistsnt for one year at half-tixs, S5000 par annom

\$:875

Travel to consult sourceg and inapsct dats or cocsult with investisators

Miscellacoovs Rssesrch Exponess Iibrary privileges \$ 225 Supplies \$150 Purchses of matoriale. reporte, ete. \$100

Typing of aamuecript and drefts

\$500

\$475

10 per cent for unoxpcetsa contiogenciog

CO

WARNIG NOICE SESITIVINTELLCENCE SOURCES ANDMETHODS INVOLVED

[PAGE 29]
Voy 19, 1557

MEZOFALSU:A TC: Tha Dlreston

"UeJCT: Prt Pro,edl, Cotgy & - Ey Dr

Tae cnclsed propoael ves soltdired in erder to toke e dvorloge of e : aneoat talet eod latorest en fha jert of ths Prndirul luzcatigster. An oltempt will Lo case: t ic reto so.ot of come of and data ci, heo ono dccuacat bying tosotucr cvotqollons of cionga of ollltuss, yRoonolity cnd bchovior.

Vaile tho "rescorch" Iiwolvvd Ie thhs pro ocol is ternaly of o lirerery
sarsa. it L Cit Cat ca cttenct to coaccotvollze thso Shcaaaona in o trzeder
coutest wiil ie uefut for prsgraramleg csd cleanlng for tha Sealely ln fhe foture.
The only co a ercble wck of sáish we cus overo ot the sfaant tlav is taang
condyted oeyUr. ond vll bo toson lnto ozceunt os thls
sudy progroases n

98-16

Enci J

Executive Searctary