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AN ANALYSIS OF CONFESSIONS IN RUSSIAN TRIALS

1. ORIENTATIOC:

Sinco the notorious Loscow trials of l937, overt Russian judicial procedure haa been noteworthy for the dramatic trials in vhich the defendnnts have exhibited anomalous and incomprehen-Bible-behavior and confessiona. Characteristios and manner of the defendants, and formulation and delivery of the confesaions, have been so similar in a large number of casos as to suegest factiticus oricin. Lcst noteworthy and incrediblo has been the recent "confeazion" of His Eminence Cardinal Josef Hindszenty whilo on trial in the Peoplets Court of Hungary  charged

The avidont incongruities prompted this study, the purpoaes of vhich were to analyze a number of instances of trials and confessions to invcstigate:

a. The, overall pattern of the arrest, trial, and performancos of the members of the caat.

b. The oocurrence of any conaistent or recurring details of procedure or behavior.

c. If the foregving formed a congruent pattern, the method by which the result was achieved.

2. PROCEDURE:

Source material was widely diverse and reference is made to aignificaut items. It became apperent at the outset of the study that the style, context and manner of delivery of the "confessione" were such as to be inexplicable unloss there had been a reorganization and reorientation of the minds of the confessees. There is adequato historical experience to eatablish that besic changes in the functional organization of the human mind cannot be brought about by the traditional methuds of physical torture--these at the most, achieve a reluctant, temporary yielding and, moreover, leave their mark upon the victim.

Newor or more subtle techniques had, therel'ore, to be considered for the working hypothesis. Among the recognized nethods are:

， Peychosurgery: a surgical separation of the frontal lobes of the brain.

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b. Shock method:

(1) electrical

(2) drugi metrascl, canabis indica, insulin, cocaine.

o. Psychoanalytic methode

(1) psychoanalysis

(2) narco-analysis and synthesis

(s) hypno-analysis and synthesis

d. Combinations of the forogoing.

In order to develop group patterns of behavior and intaraotions certain significant elements were tabulated, Chart l.

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MINDSZENTY

1. Regresaion to infantile atate of abject dependency ou a parental object (the State), characteristio of hypnosis (consiatent with transference phenomenon), a basic change in character struoture result hypnosis.

2. Escessary to detormine:

Technique for dealing with resistance--repression dynanian.

b. Technique for obtaining regreasion to specific age level.

o. Reconstruct the psychodynamics of the change in the functional organization of the patient.

d. How the procedure is acoelerated--resistances are high--usually require long periods for resolution and full interaction with control (thorapist).

Repeated and prolonged hypnosis during which subject reconditioned unconsciously to his associational sensations-- thus associated with personality aid character change.

Conditioning of sensation to extranecua, inocuous events (aa key words).

Backgroundt-- Psychoanalysis aims at a reorganization of the mind. Conscience was divorced from the standards imposed in early life.