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1. Use of the.polyzraph as an attention diverter facilitating application of hypnosis to covyrt operations has, enabled us to identiry: a. à disguised pratest for hypnotic susceptibility,

b. A definite instrunent indox of onset and ternination

of hypnosin- the breathing pattern,

c.An inconstant instrment index of onsst of. hypnosis - tha alectrodermel change.

2. A light stage of hypnosis las been achieved without tho

subjoct's awareneas while using this polyaraph "cover" in at least

,RECOIPENDATIONS:

3. a The use of tha polygraph as a disdsed zethcd of hypnotic induction should bo attepted in a flold situation using subjocts of a fairly sophisticated type in non-optim aze and sex groupa. b. Tho use of medicaì instrunents as a diaguised inductlon method should bo investigated.

L. Particulars of these recoiauenditions and ona sigoificant

caution are incluled in Part i. Dotalis of expcrimonts dealini with

unwitting subjects are incluled in Part Il; considerutiuns of uso of hypnosis with witting subjects, in Part LII.

MEMORANDUH FORI

A/B,) 6,19

20 February 1956

Aypnoais and Covert Operations (Interin leport)

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l. "We have used the polygraph with somo success in two major applicatkons of hopnosis to covert operatione, A disguised protest of susceptibility appears poasible in routine use of this maqhing 1 (to screen individlals who are good hypnotic subjects). findùction of a light stage oL.lypnosis vithout the subjoct'a awareness has been acoomplished in at least ono inotmce. These results havo been achioved with subjects in ths nost favorable age and sex groups. Results with aore sophiaticated age groups and with agunt types remain to be daterained. Mombers of tha Socurity Olfice are activaly investigating further refinenenta of polygraph-disguised induction.

a. Tho breathing patter chanzes parkedly vlthin fivo seconds both oa induction.axl on teraination of hypnosis and damonatrates a slow,,rhythaical,.syaetrical curve whila the subject.isunder hypoosis.

b. Tha ezoctrodermal potential is less constant but has shown a marked chançe (upuards) within five seconds of induction in somo subjects. Lleotrodermal potential changes on termination of hypnoeis are equivocable.

3. He have pot had the facilities to go boyond tls polygraph to exporlaento with drug-assisted induction or disguised induction utilizing medical apparatus.

PART I.

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h. ine Security utiee is aà twe alamnin; stzo vith regard to using the polygraph as a tost of disgilsed induction in tho field. Nass. tostinz f about one hundrad persons needs doing. io effort lo aclect any given a ,e or scz apoups sviild te saee; nar s': td tho srojectz to 4 confined anly to 1e-level acut Lypen. Anprmnriaio chalno, Ipclring post hypnotic sugrostinns, ari checks on tne arssia obtained need to be devised.

5. All teut results vill roquire further rofinementa befoee une on azents. But it is only with succesatul cnplication ncainst agcnts that the proaran can be said in te guccesoful froa asestandpoint, though menbers of the Sccurity Office believe that thny may already bave an aid in thistr oun work at this timo.

é. h catbi.n mizt be raised agtnit sn amparrnt giortent to sucecon in Lhts ais. liuch has bern vrittcn alont "instantancons hypnosis" achioved tnrough carotid artery pressure. (The right arxd left carotid arteries are the major blood supnly to the brain.) This techniquo involvea-arrivs nedical daner, includin; that of death. It ha- been vecd pri-arily iy stage oporators ánd nor-atiy recnlts oniy-iu atnpefaeti m, not hypnusia. It In pocsible to cordiue a stern injuneti"i ol "aleep!" vith carotid pr asure to obtain hyanosis, bit thls ia rudicaly dauterus; reaires ecrssiva proctice cnd splltscconl tininc; ar: in fu frar dtagtised since it involves firi preasure (throttiin) n Lotn nides of the neck share ta carotid artarics lic.

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uncxplornd poasibilitiea of achievin; disguised hypnotic induction. These rectire oriinary, but consldertie, modieni anparatug and a controlied envirars nt vanre Me extinents csa be cogluctei. Tae electroencephalozgnhie (uezin vave), clectrocardtograchis (heert wave), opatnaLrioscnaic (eye exar), aui axdiomntric (he rin; exa) instruncnts all offer sltuations wherein, as ulth the polygranh, attentian is divertri to the uciine. The tasal metabolic rate deterainatin (i? - breathiaz tant) machino appcare to pffer the bost medlcat countorpart bo the usual nyonotic sittaLion whare attention is divorted and relaxation is a prinr requisite. Tho Ba haz the ad 'ed alvantage of control of inspirrd air. Preathed through a maak (which is the caasurirz devlce), tho rnt of oxygen ad carben dioxide indal d cm La caetralled. ith Lae oxyzen deereed, the subjrct is renderad more suscnptible to npnosis. This can ba coupled with injunctiuns t, "relat", "go to sleep if you like", "slcep" so that ininction mlght to accoplished. A post hypnotic suggestion Lhat "yn wlll only roaonter havin; falien asleep and slecping thronzh the teat" covtd resnit in amesia. Tais wiil acive to be Luvotlted, hosever, ia a proper environaental setting aud wit.a vari:n ae ari sex gromps.:

0. Jt wo:ld ae pns ll" ii tace silnmtims to set no a rauthre epproact vhereby sntjoet" eoiul be iocued for qusceatibi ity to hyaasie on the polygrapn witaout thejr knowledge, and then susceptitles hypnotized using the Lalr (for exaple) as a disguised approach.

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T1- a ota

l.Pisguised pretests of hypnolic susccntibi ity aii disauised Induetin nf hypnsie wre the trreliate aies of emtlcentatin nsina the pakra a the attonti n diverter. Eicht fenatee, nel 17 - 20. and mo male, are S5, have teen bie amejets. The e terpte .e in the mat favorble .3.e ant sex gr7 pa for ottziing good hyontic 1, subjecta. 4

2. Jiix of thero oine sujecta havo Leen definitely affeeted by this pracrdure. ihre", Lnc udia; tne rale, entered a stage of prafound relaxatin. Two, inticated by tnis approacn aa aned nypntic anbjccts, hava suboequently proved to Le so. oo othur went direetly luto a light stara of hypnusls, at jeast.

3. Alì at Lhoe peesle have Leen oiaerved ty elx ener rsancck, siti varyin degr et af cxorteee ln ayansis, uzies a tan-aay -trror anxd andio gurvelllaixe, and their conelesins are In areemut. Ivo nouly-trained goncy ryonotiots, experlenced polyraph oonrators, have utllised this ór a closely allled techniquo solely for prirpojes of relaxint azitaied plyzranà exazinoes, vith apsarentlv snecassful resnlts. (do atlept at anytning beyoni rolatation waa attepll with thesg oxsnineen.)

h. às a re af ea" ritret vlàs ertulir; sèjecta, e tetieve Ph! tne pnlrur c m e? tei aa a seraenin; device to deterice kizl hgenrtle subhete. Tas eaa ba done vithost capsie: tie purpme ar otherwiso copromising; the situatiou ss lorg ar the exarince is unt

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quite fariliar with hypnobic techniqn. On epcuntaring a kovledgeable exarinee, a siaple azreemont. that the technigucs of hypnosla and this trcyaigie of relaxatlon mar be similer and a denial that hypnosis is intended out be vsicod. A te t of say aprarent obvieuengei nf this sisilarity is inherent in the rearrnded trial usine large nunbers of moré soalisticated inlividuals.

5. Our sncceas in obtaiainz profouxt relaxation in six of these nine sutjects and in introhuçin, one f the aune into a ligit atage of hyunosis furthor indicatea that the palpgrapi aoproach say to suliiciont in itsolf to achleve direct hypnotic control of highly susceptitle subjects. Corpletely satisfactory challengos and checks on achiovgmont of mmesia in auch a nituation arn as yot undoveloped.

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1. In contraat to the difficultics of dcalin with wuitting nuhjeeta the alvantageg obtninable in denlin? witi vittin, nublrets offer cfbensive urised aolicati ns to covert operatione.

1 2. vith vitbin: sabjeete, It is sassible to 'ypnotlee an indkvidual and, have,him carry out all business and social genities in a normal manner"without an unknowing person perceivin: that he is under hypnonis.

3. dypnotic irluetin can to acepvlished over the toleuhrone, orally, by written word ar wltii seeningly innocent gestinres. tach of these (inclirling oral) can be accoplished in the pressnce or a thtrd party vho ls unkoowin; andi vill remain ignorant of the fact thit thc sabicet han been placd in hyormsis. A previvąsly arraned key vori or kev gesture ia ntilixed to iarnco nymosta.

l. Ay enotlon or attituie can be broigint into play; the sonseg can be madifiod into ecute avareness or oblivion as desired, anl hody positlons ad functinns can te controlled.

5. Thoce factora allow tie insbillation of an atlitude of calm ehen all vormal. rcacti n vouli te iutenso foar or panic. An exirtine indlvidual can be nade lnvieible to a hypnotic snbjeet's otaervation; a nn-erintant, inlividual con to naia otoorvatte aort dozcribatle by a cabject, ar tr aubjeet can be nate tn de seribe ar otsrved, existent A:ilviciual ln a coal taly erioncoas fasalou.

PeT Ill - /ittlng Subjects

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6. Practically any qiven situkt can te manipatad ascordjrg to the opoerator's desires.Tach and every ca-e reguires individual attentius and neticnlors "irrctta ai to wiat. the suhject vill or wan't feel, sée and do, It becves a sirle arit i s tin? what yra vish t'e Iniject to rm rlence. 4

7. Theso,varying capabilitias in manipnlatint witting hyonotic subjocts becomo neaningful In teras of covert operatlns zhen anulied to operational situatiina.

8. Peep instillation nf real or falae iciontiticn an cover atories; unwittimt mcssaçe transnittal; unwiiting instruction; improved otservati»n by age rogrossioa; and multiturlinova applicatlons of post hypnotic sainntiin ere ali possitle.

a.. Real Ldentity andi caver story dntails can ro zinntely instilled under hynnozis with thae relnforeeneat thet any fnterrogation will result in blank thoujhts for any factor not coverel. Tüis mut obvio:sl, ba vory carefully done.

be Falsc isentity and an aparopriato cover story can bo similarly instillel ari tae subjret vill lali Lo it with no deviitien, oven rationalizing apparout or obvlous diserepancica or falschnods in ters ef Lhe falso identily. Th s could best to naed in lvin: an agnt atatae cover for a gtven periot of his tlic.

e. Eivittiny nes nage traasnittal cen te aenievedt viercb,

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the antjeet will vrbalize a nea e to ai itividnal axproaainz the key. Tha aubject will not reallze he possensos such a messaze and can be nade un!nowin, of it even after delivcry.

d.Harttbinz inatruetten caa to giniiarly utiliznd Che gihlect Lastreted mn ler hyongsis and atusrviso ipstricted whilo mot uxdir. hypnoais vill carry o:t toti instruetlons. The subject can bs kept in ignorancn of the fact he wns cnrrying out any iustructlons otiver tian Lhasa he raccived in Lae nannymtized state.

o. Iairoved obscrvation ls one of the best uses of hypnosis. with age regregsiun, an Ludividual can be raturned in tine to the ooint at vilch an iten was obs-rzed, a convsrsation hold, a paper road ar rritien arl be canerl Lo reneat. in drtail shat actually trancpliei at that. tm as tho subjvet. exparicnced it then rather than au it is remembered in the waking state. This offers opuortunities of coapleteness and exactness that are cot ordinarily availablc, and is obviously valuable in checking veracity.

f. Pont hypmotle auz moti n 1s a techuniqae rather than a end ln ltselr. It in, for instanee, the ha is of imuitting nrssrge teansalttal a ean tè med in uuittig inotroction. 1t can be roldel tu atrw. any sitatia ure an aebinn by Lae subjet st sona f tture time or mrier so f ture ciremtare is

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daiired. Apart fro: otienatve op retinal szes it atati to noted that, aoerooriately instructed, a gubject will go dceply sslsep whea queried on a sncurity matter. The posthypnotic saetien aidt plry a role wita cencr actonnel wie tight 1 be exnoaed torhnstito interrogation as a reinfarerttt df their.morale aud will to reslst.

9. It must be"rrcognlz'd that variables wlll to encountered . betuena sabjects and at dirrirent tiaes ii the aaas hyanntle sabteeta. Apoliestions of hypuasio ultn vitting sutlcets aant bo inb, rarrted acorlingly.

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