[PAGE 1]
Bost wishes-for-tho holiday-suason.

Sincerdly,

Thankyou very much for yoar accountink. It seets. our puroses fine.-we are looking forward to soeing the coaplete publication and-are-avfully-ploasod that wo wera ablo to help-in-its oreparation.

Axecutiva cscretary

Decosber 16, 1958

[PAGE 2]
December 12, 1958

Doar

Please find enclosed herewith my report on the \$1,500 grant B so generously awarded by tho I think good uso has been mede of it. It was of tremendous help in-furthering my work.

Mey I thank you personally for your interest: and help in this xatter?

I am enclosing - as a sort of supplement - a mimeographed copy of the report I made to the for an earlier grant of Sl,OoO.OO for the same purposd. It givea an even more detailedioutline of B grantype of work that was done also under the

With kindest personal regards and many thanks\_= and wishing you a vory merry Christmas and a happy New Year,

Bnel.

[PAGE 3]
The sun of 61,500.00 granted for the paying of assistanta, typing photostating and bibliographic work on a TREATISE ON Kas been paid out to the following persons!

CC Ph.D. Ph.D. Dr. juris

1283.30
167.70
49.00

C The sum paid to Dr. was exolusivoly for bibliographie work, Its purpose vas to index material already in my filea, to insure that it would not be duplicated by Dr. in searching
for new material.

in languages in which Dr, The sua paid to Dr. fluent. The remainder of the sum paid to Dr was chiefly for work, looking up data , main research associate, vas not was for C the photostating of relevant material, at current ratee. She was originally given a cheok for \$20o.00 of which she returned, as unusRed \$32.30.

C The sum paid to Dr. s my main research associato, was largely for looking up and copying new jtens. The rest was for photostating' artieles and lengthy exeerpts. I might say that he did superlatively well, working hard, conscientiously and with imagination. I peraittad Mapmatorial he so ably locoted for a paper hia to use soze of the oa Ayateria, which he presonted at the and will publish, with
C aredit to thMootingcim

The monoy granted yielded an estimated 5-700 1tems,.varying in langth fron a fev linos to full length (photostated) articles. It pormittedimo to fill various large gaps on the map, ehiefly on the on which I had very few data.

Aftor utilizing this zatorial in Ry TRRATISE ON it is my intention to make it available to other workors by plaeing it in the files of whatever Institution I happen to bo assooiatod with at a given timod. Should I nove froa one Institution to enother, I will, hf course, move also the Filos,since I am sure I will use these data again snd again all my life, for various purposes.

Any publieation in which these data aro used will give due credit to the I en poraonally deeply indebted to tho end ita offieers for this grant, Whieh materially furthored my work, I sa suré that, in addition to the TREATIss, there will bo many articles, dealing with special problcas, in which I will be able to aokrowledgo my apprecáation. Lact, bat not loast, I will have ample opportunities to use these data in lsctures and ia courses, I have, in faet, already usod these data in that way.

I have examinsd and approved the submitted expenditurea.

Rospeetcally anbeittod

REPORT ON GRANT

24

Chief TSS/Chemtcal DiviHOM ADIRRSST

[PAGE 4]
Purpezqt Oreatta vas requcsted for tho purpooe sd. casariag to ssrvioes of a rodcarch aspoolate, to Jcoate, copy and paotoatat data anr in teeearatico ler tho vritint of a TATRet

Sunzary Staterent  frogrtir Ravins been able to eoouro the parvioee of Ph D. it vae possiblo to lcoate, ocoy or photoatat gera
500 rassages and/cr artioles dealing vith The average coot par 1ter locatod and dcpied ves v2.00. Tois lou pe
Mea exponãe was largoly Ca to Dr. exoeptiosal effioienoy and in
torest.

(1) Tha soo itona locatod inoreasod the coantity of data alrtedy la Dy files by ecao 20 por cent.

(2) It was poécible to fill in gaps in tho file, rogarding  or arcas fro which no data had boen oollootsd provioualy, moat conepioccuoly is rorardo enong the e

(3) The date colleoted under Grant atronaly eupported the baeio thesle that ara prosont in all and, despito extornal variabllity, beve the eane poyohodynandod.

(4) They peraitted the more rrecios definiticn cf the dynanios and olassi cal symotciatology of soveral which are largely pre pattorned by S

(5) The data in particular forood mo to revise my earlier hypothesis nt poarly every patient who haa sn (euch as ) dioplaya the ccoplata rorertoire cd scribed or available syaptcns. Aetually, cach individual soloots fros thie repertcire a sot of ayuptcas fitting the idicsynoratio aspecte of his oum Thie finding led to the foamlatica of the concept end provides an effec tive nenna for difrorentiating, ln a ocnerete case, bstvoen C aspoots ef the cetual illness. Such a dirrerontiatlon le c consldoratle inport, both thocretically and ellnioally;

C Publioationst Ultimatoly all af this matorial is destinod to bo used in a TREATISE ON to bo ocoplosed in the ocarea of the noxt two yeara and to bo publiehed by In the noantize I cavo perais. sicn to ay rosearoh. associate, Dr. to use the Rwegdate do bissolf colleoted for re, to wite a seper on, stich be
A vill resd this zorth at tho Noeting of the and vill pobliah, with crodit to I huve alresdy veed ecea or
7 the patorial in leoturep at Wiough no part of whoso two worka wad firanced dut of Grant for
uees saterial cclleoted ider that graav. I an saving the satorial for the
4POrmticoed TREATISE OH vhich will duly acknouledge Grant a-ae vill any paper I may write in the intern.

74-2

[PAGE 5]
SUBJECT :Individual Grant under Project MKULTRA Subproject 74

1, Subject to the approval of Chief, TS\$, the Board of

B Directors of the hAs

recommended that a grant be made to Dr partially defray the cost of publication of his "Treatise on

2.Financial participation in the above described activity will, in the opinion of the Board of Directors and TSS/CD, materially aid in authenicating the cover of theand in addition will provide a source of reliable background information on of interest to the Agency in various areas of the world.

3.The total cost of this grant will amount to \$1500.00 for a period of one year begining 1 May 1958. Charges should be made against Allotment 7-2502-10-001.

B 4. The grant will be handled through the as a\_coyer grant and sufficient accounting therefore will consist of evidence of dishursement
B of the funds by they No purchase of equipment isinvolved in the project.

Ton oroRnT

74-3

DRAFT/1MR2L 21 April 1958

MEMORANDUM FOR: THE RECORD

[PAGE 6]
5. No cleared or witting persons are concerned with the

conduct of the project.

APPROVEDFOR DISBURSEMENT OF FUNDS:

Date: 1 8 1

Attached:: Proposal.

Distribution: Original only

2

[PAGE 7]
Pursuant to our convorsation I would like to apply for a grant of \$1,500.00 in connection with wy rosoarch in d and especially in connection with the preparation or a Trestise

If the grant is- made, the money will be devoted exclusively to the following purposest vtnrundarmv (1) Payments to a reaearch assistant who, wörking under wy direction, will track down and copy (or abstract) Gata bearing onge beering.on tvne (2) The photostating of material of the aforamentioned type. (2) The photostating of materlai Oitne ivipmvuvivu añialfro Stavic.Scandi

(a) Tha translation of such material-from Slavic, Scandi-

navian ana-Asiatic laguag (4) The cheoking of the eccuracy of bibliogrrphic references already on fila.

No part of the grant will be chargod to overheed or-to any othor item except the four listed above.

I have at prosent in Ey filesi

(1) Factual datel-Some 5,00o excerpte (a consorvative estimate) consisting oft

(a) All rekevant data fros the files. (Approximately l0oo typewritten pagas.) (b) Sope 5oo pages colloctod under a grant froz the

which で0115 These wore given to me-by thea data overlap in part with (a). Data not duplicating (a) estimated at l0o typewritton pages. estimated at lUu typewrllvvu yaso. datTootlactad (0) An estimated-l50 typewritten pages-of data I collected frox my readings botween 1935-1958.

(o) My own exhaustive field natorial on tnea and and ofthe 700 typevritten pages monograph on has been copletod nd Srs nccepted for pubiication by the

(r) Hy om fiold vor dtror (Bstimated auount Parong tho of raw, unpublished-data:-150 pp.

94-3

January.17, 1958.

[PAGE 8]
(2) Bibllocaphte! A bibliography of some 500 typewritten pages made up of: (a) Items I-collected sinco l935. (b) Bibliographies pleced at ny dispoaal Dy tha followipz
C collesguess Profasgora (the latter

has seen puslished in the meantize,. (B) The bibliographic materials contained in the factual excorpts,which do NO% ovərlap to any extent with (A). but elso NOTK: Item (A) covera not only

(3) Roprint Filel of aoveral,hundred items, including some photo-C statod articlos.

or containing rolovant (4) Beoka devoted to. material in appreciable quantities.

Ihave already done e considerable amount of writing on subjects; nore than 2/3 of my 5 published books proalems
and loo articles doal with-various
I would like to mention especiallyi

itself, a nuaber Ag rogards the Treatlae en of the chapters are already available in roughydrafts or are partly outiined.

Publicationt:I signed a contract with B,C for the publication of the Txastlag.

yilgi Artar complsting ths Trpatiso, it is xy intontion to make ny organized files availabla to other reaserch workers, by depositing them with a suitable institutios, or allowiag one-or nore institutions to photostat thom and placa-thea in their Libraries.

B.C I would like to say that - apart froa the \$1,o grant from over the jears sonshning like s2,Coo of ay own nonay on this the I have so far spent project, of waich \$600 were spent in 1957 and about \$500 in 1953. R (the entira advance royalties froa

Aasiatant: Most of the grant applied for will go to pay for Ph.D. C the oxpert services O who has boen working ror xe sinca about a yoar ago.

I enoloso a tentative table of cortente or the proposed Troatise on

Rospactrully subaitted ni+1 au

24-3

[PAGE 9]
(1) It 1a & tontative Table of Contonts of a IRRATISB ONE C.B kaipz compiled and writton, vhich vill be published (Contract sigaod).

Araal acd Toolcel Kila. tA dual 11@t By and by topio.)

It is, as strossed-above, tontative. Howevor,,it seons to land itaelr satisfactorily Cor the classification of the thousands of oxoorpts which I elready have in ay filos.

74-3

[PAGE 10]
C De ar

Thank you very much-for your letter of 1l April and the enclosed check for \$5,000.00.1-have turned the check over to the University, and it will be held in the Business Office to pay the participants. I certainly appreciate\_ the consideration the has shown us in not celling for any particular-accounting.

I have reworked the sumner budget this morning and-am not quite sure how things will turn out.I am hoping that we can pick up-the extra \$400.00 to pay cnə of the three people as a consultant. My feeling is that we should let it rest\_for\_the moment, and if there is a pinch, I mey come screaminq-to you-for-the-extra money.

The' prospettuses from the various participants are beginning to flow in, and'I shall send you a complete set, I hope, before the end of this\_month.

Once agaln-may I express the appreciation of both the and of myself perșonally for your very kind support.

Best wishes to you, and-I-hope-that we may be abla-to see you sometime during the gummer.

17Aρr11 1958

[PAGE 11]
MEMORANDUM FOR:THE RECORD

SUBJECT : Individual Grant Under MKULTRA Subproject-No. 74

B Subject to the approval of C/TSS the Board-of Directors has recomended that of the BB a grant be made to The Department of Psychology of the for the purpose of conducting the in eccordance with attached proposal.

2. Financial participation in the above described"activity wil, in the opinion of the Board of Direors and TSs/CD, materially aid in authenticating the cover of thet and will in addition result in the production of some valuable survey information in the social sciences to add to the assessment study and other benefits.

3. The total cost of this grant will amount to \$5,000.00 starting15-March 1958.-Charges should be mede against A11otment.7-2502-10-001.

4. No accounting will be required. Any unused funde will be returned-to No permanent equipment is. involved,

5. All of the participants in this project are unvitting of Government interest.

Date

Attachment --Proposal Distribution:.. Original only

74-5

A DRAFT/ 13 March 1958

[PAGE 12]
Your letter emived tis momlag with the propcacl frem it seoas to ta odoquata far ay purposes, but you pusi ms a litts for fime. I will crocess It os quickly as I possibly con.

I will let you knsw os saen os l have received werd from my Director.

Sincerely,

C

A Shis propusal @ 5M has much to reemumind it in terms B establecting formdation. affairs sslidly, recruutiug a
B bight young  creu, and gethiny at pome intiresting espects g opcice sciene research to add to- dssessment study. Have
à rent to dercitors - uill reccsmend poore becouse wanits to hear by early Jel.

Jenvary 24, 1958

[PAGE 13]
conference for a description (Sae each member's application to the of his background and research intereste.) Possible part-tine or

full-time additions:

General Problen and Approach

Our group voulg like to explore the relations anong cognitive processes, interaction processes, end cultural processee as these relate to the development of shared meanings and yalues. Our projocted swumeryactivity would be directed at tho foraulation of-a specific research proposal for-long-tsra invostigation of critical aspects of this general probloa. The sumser's work would consist of three phasest exploration of relevant literature, forwulation of key problems, and design of rosearch. Those phases would be related through periodic-sezinare throughout the two-mopth period, /at which each pember would present for group diecussion the resulta of his iniiridual activity up to that tize. The initial and final seminars woald aim at relsting individual concerna to the groyp

[PAGE 14]
Specific Tonics. for Investigation (These will be elaborated and formuiated more:precisely-as the suner's work progresses.)

1. The sharing of meanings-and-values:-what is reant by this phrase; how is "sharedness" measured?

2. How does-sharedness come about? What are,the social and psycholo-ical factors mich facilitate or impede the acquisition of shared mearings? Nore/specifically: a.What personalitycharacteristics of the-individual dispose hin favorably or unfavorably toward participation-in-group-consensus?

b. What are the perceptual and cognitive processes by which-the individual icentfies (or. infers) cognitive charaoteristics of others, so that meanings-may-be shared? 1

c. What characteristics rac facili-. tate or impede the sared and-values?

3. What are the consequences of a group's acquiring, or failing to acquire, shared meanings and. values? a. Consequences for the individüal menbor's cognitive structure,

merbers'-raactions to it.

c. Consequences-for the cultural products of interaction. Projected Time-schedule for the Summer

sowill te doing most of his indivicual work in

747

[PAGE 15]
olan to v oit twice for carticipation in intensive sominaryneetines at shose tinesrThe grou work-sohecrle is arran ed acçoritagly:

Sprin. semesteh (criorto:the conference):Periodis discnssions to lay ort es for stucy

Nees 1-5 at Review literature on topics of in dividual-and collecti wiil foin

Weeks L-: iradua forrnl ork on basis of resJinct and disccs

eeks-8: Forrulatioa-o the-general area and levelopmont-of-re msrelevant-to-thene. Serd-ar continue t. wee join the rouc for the entire-sixth and tic ate in zeneral-reviev-and-ornuiations.

[PAGE 16]
MEORANDUN TO: THE DIRECTORS

SUSJECT: Projoct Proppsal

After considercblo Informal negotiations with the aroup, tho aresnes proposetwas submited os eu oxponsien progrom In personolity rption.

While It is obviss that tho short pered of tme will nat perait definitive resoprch to be accomplished on such a complex proolem as 1 feal that the group hes done suffislent work on this proolen area to be dble to mdke a signiflcont contribution to our efiorts. The smoll cost of the proposal orguss for fovorable consideration of the grant.

Ene: ?

74-7

Jenuary 24, 1953

Exacutivo Secrotory

[PAGE 17]
CDearr

Please excuse the delay in forwarding this proposal for our tean's work this summer I have-had-a-fantastically.full schedule of visitors and meetings-this-Past\_week, which has-just eased temand I have discussed-our joint porarily this morning: problen and feel that our separate interests will fit well into it. I present the areaof-investigation as a totality, although each of us will be predominantly concerned with different major aspects of it We have discussed with and the possibility of their aoining us for part of the session, and- they seen-favorably disposed, providing their other committments-can be-worked-out.You-will probablyh-ar di rectly from them=about-this.We-would-certainly be delightedto have them as either central or-peripheral-team members.

CB

I trust that the proposal will be sufficiently inforinative at this time for to judge its relevance to the concerns. We would be-haopy to answer further questions about our plans, as soon as they-become more specific. Good luck on in this your efforts to expand-the way. We will lok forward to joining-the-Conterence this summer in one way or another.

Sincerely,

74-8

January 16,-1958

[PAGE 18]
I have received in-today's mail the prospectuc of-the proposed ac
tivities of the group, As you will notice, the cartici
pants are and from the They rention that they would likeito bring in
as part-time or full-time participants Drs. and I am enclosinq a-copy-of a letter\_from concerning
the proposal.

I have set a cut-off date fer the final receipt of applications as February 10, and agrees with me on-this-date We intend to process-the applications the following week-end, preferably the 15, 16 and-maybe the 17th. Therefore, it is highly imperative that I receive\_a. definite commitment from you before the l0th of February as to whether you will pick up these people. As I mentioned to you,-the-cost would-be \$2o00 per-man.. The way 1 figure this now would be as follows:\$2000-for \$2000 for and \$500-\$1000 fordepending on whether he comes in for two to four weeks. Since he said he-coold only be-in parttime, it would be prorated-according-to-the number of weeks he spent.

Regarding the participation of and shall wait to hear from them,according the infornation in the enclosed letter from If I do not hear from them shortly, I will write to them.

We have applications from what amount to about fifteen firmed up teams. Since-the date is so late,, which would prevent getting a proposal such as-that by-the oroup, I would like to ask if you would be interested in-picking up another team. Inthis case, you would have to-trust-my-judgment,or rather that of The selection committee, who would be made cognizant of the purposes and ains of your organization. Knowing these purposes and aims, 1 could very well quarantee you a top notch group.

In any case, as I mentioned\_ above, I must have a firm commitment from you regarding the group. You now have the exact monetary costs for the team frome Please let me know your reactions at once.

22 January 1958

[PAGE 19]
Enclosed clease fint a-proposat-wnich has-reen-put-forth by?rof. of our Department of .overnment at this University, Prof. of the college of Fusiness Admi: istration, a:d Nr whe is employed as an industrial psychologist at in this city.

hasa very beckrauatrpolticadscience andlavor e conomics, having received tis ph:). from the cmversity uf in loa ke is an ass-ciate ntofe-sor-here-now and nas a good ive publication background.- receivet his Ph.7.in 1953 Tn busi-
.ness economics ard politica! science. He is assistant professor-of
industrial aininistration and his beer aininistering a project re
ouirin? study of-the a0d f the He
has a g-oj teneral knowledge\_ct inliviiual-and-groug benavior ra terns and the norms by which these ire measured. has completed ell his reouirements except-languaze-aad-thesis-for his Phat and is nos eneaged in industrial psychological re searcn at miich, as you know, is the and a He has to fcrnal pubtications

These three wen wouli work-tsgether-elosety-on-t-e-problen presented i the rposal. do not-kmow,frankly,va mucn abtand out ! o know-thatis an exceedingly ard worker and comrands a creat teal of respect n the field of political science. if you wish to pick tnese-three-men up, the cost to your group for the stammer would be \$2000-per-mac,or-a-total of \$6000 for the sumner. As with the case of the  proposal, which I sent to ycu.I would very much like to heat fron-you about-this grct.o oy-fetruary 10 if this were at all possiole.—l-realize-this-is-rather short cotice, but of course you understard the exigencies of the situation at this time. ?lease let me hear frot yu.

27 January 1956:

[PAGE 20]
Purposot To provido fwads to povmitor to mako smcll "covar" gronta for otudlos of Httle iotrinole interest to the Agoncy Taut which help propagatere covor of belng latorooted in the brond field ofd αu en Latornationsl bnote (MKUL/TRA 74).

Iatlatodi (b procoos for curreot year)

Cost:\$25,000.00

Ctotus: Provious year'a funda havo beon dsbursed in grants.

[PAGE 22]
Memorandum to

Subject:

In confirmation of our telephone conversation, was put on tho payroil as of March l, l96l at the rate of \$30.00 a veak. He vill be doing library and laboratory assistance who is presently besing supported from Saall Grants Fund to as a Research Associated on the Project. Mr Bayment is being handled in the same manner as The total amount required vill bo approxinately \$78o.00. I feel that both this figure and salary should be included in the total but we have no objection to carrying these teo grant to people on cur payroll fron Suall Grants through June 30, 196l. Beyond that date, consideration should be given to either transforring funds from the total grant for this purpose or-for preparation of-a specific project to carry these. individuals.

March 16, 1961

[PAGE 23]
74-13

[PAGE 24]
Memorondum to:

Subject: Recommendation for Funding - Dr \$500.00

The enclosed proposal recommends g high-risk set of interviews and tests The basic thcories being of childreng tested are open fo question. It is not likely that this study will contribute much. to further enlightenment or an understanding about the theorics. Neverthgless, - Dr is a product of two previous studies conducted by thel is establishingprofessionally in and will likely be of great interest to us in the future.

It is recommended tharo proposal be approved for payment from small grants.

Enc: proposal andcomments

94-13

June 20, 1961

[PAGE 25]
Comments on Proposal submitted by: Ph.D.

These comments are by: "Dr.

The proposal is modest enough, but the research does not seem too well planned from a methodological point of view. But, it is somewhat typica! of psychoanalylic approach.  It weu!d probably be acceptable to that school. I can't feel very excited, but may eventually be an important person for us lo know.

A June 19, 1961

74-13

[PAGE 27]
Mn Sxplorato:7-Study on the

CIRCum cISion ErActs ofn

Staterout of the Problem:

CiRCumcisi The sia of this research istto investigatg the efiects of huan culture. In ths on the eotional state of childron in a pcoplo, boys aro genorally religion and specifically azong CincungisED otttwoen tho ages o and Althouch tho oparation ic in itself a minor one froa & surgical stendpoint, paychoanalytic obosrvations that it ls apt to-sctivats of chlldren of  cultursswould sug strong fears and amietioa in thochild.

Tho psychological sigairicance of-surgical procedures\_ in childhood ie now generally rogognized.Helene Deutch found ovidence in tho analyais of adult patiente that operations in childhood leavos inislibls tracao cn tho psychie lifo of thefindividual, A study carrlod by, Joscmsr, Plon end Waldfogel has daonstrated the strossful effocts of tonsilloctcoy and adanoidectoay on children.-The emotional-iepact of circuécisicn has not yet boon doalt vith. A-study of ito offocts thus baccnes méaningful particulerly because of ité spocific phantaoy Joplications notably in tems of cestration ancioty. The izbdiato gonl of tho rosearch is to investigate hovds childro, of religion, react to thio operation.

Tho study raleea a variety of-interesting qusstiona rovolving around tha univoreality of orthcdkz paychoanalytical conceptions and tho opecifio role of cultural adaptation pattorns for undorotanding those concaptiops.

74=13

[PAGE 28]
According to Freud, the male child, at about age five, is under the impAct feelings towards his mother and fear of his father (conceptualized as tho oedipus comphec); the discovery of sexual differencos between boye and girls raises the expectation of castration for hinself es a punishuont for forbidden wishes towards hismother, Clinical obsorvations by psychoanalysts indicate that the fear of casbration is sufficiently stiong to mako the child tur avay fron the oedipal vashes. This resolution uchers in a new devekopental stage - the latency perlod

Freud proposed that these developmental stages and their accompanying foars and phentaoles are universal, although noo-Freudian "culturalists" argue that divergent fenily pattorna will pake for divergences in the quality and degree of such phonowcna. The proposed resoarch, to bo carried out with childron who are very much different froa that Frovd obssrved, can ofier much data.tn the specific pattorns of anxiety, and ito possible meaninge in tenus df castration, generated by circuacision in a group whore circumcisionyat the oedipal ags is very much the norm.

The broader aim of the research is to throw light on tho formg and mothods of adaptatión a cuiture offers in coping with the occurence of a covere threat inchildhood = whether or not-this iaexperioncod apecifically as castrationfIt is axpected that aspects of the personality ofaiun as coaparedsto poreons.frea cultures whera circucisionis not practiced or ta parforsed/in infanoy, vill show distinctivo rodes of adaptation to ancietica atout tody image.

In this firet exploratory ptuiy, 15 chiláren botwoon the agos of 5-7 will bs uood. The atsplo will bio collected through the courtaey of a national which organizea tho oircuasisdon or alth norvico callod

O

F

[PAGE 29]
thilarca frva low-inoxe feailies.

Prior to ths oparetion, tho chiláren will bo given tho Rorschach test, the Drear-a-Poreg Sost and othor proJectivo davices (Incouplote Fablos .eni Picturao, TAt). Thacaau children vill be re-tosted following tha oporation. The two sots of protocols will be corpsred in ralation tot l) tho gonoral offocts of the ration of tho an (ovol of tho child, ard 2) tho epecific way in which the og hia. d.o., hio phantasien about The data will be exomined for cuaa to cultural patteming of effocte.

Iuplications for Further Recearch:

1) L countries, chilgran are rarely preparsd in advarco for this ninor operation. If tho child kmows anything about it, it is through infomation picked up froa plgfoates. Thua thare io an' intoroating problca of how the child would react to the sate operation after a porlod of quasi-psychotherapeutic proparation, and how auch arational" preparation clarhes and cohoroa with bullt-in wayo of handling the aricty via tho total culture.

2) In paychganalytic thoory, the inability to resolvo tho tratier coeplex is linkod with later enotional diaorders honossxcality. It wuld thorefore ba valuablo to ho poychological otats of tho circuncised child aftor.a period of tize, his inifiel roaction to surgery.

Tho rosearch io concsived of as an oxploratory stuiy. At procent, a reQuest for s00.00 collars is nade. An ectieated tugot ic es follosi

74-13

[PAGE 30]
Poea to tubjocts: g2.50 por session (2 sosuions nin.). 75.00
Tosting expanses: \$ 10 por sesoion (2 sessions nin) 150.00
Analysis of Data and Write-up -250.00
Additional expsnses (ex.travel, office arrangopents etc.)-: 25.00
500.00

Background of the Author!

C

74-13

[PAGE 32]
A.

Memorandum to:

Subject: Recommendotion for Funding

Enclosed is a brief proposal from the for the detailed analysis of some 200 questionnaires and interviews on attitudes of students in A sample of the interview is enclosed.

The substance of the questiorinaire largely pertains to attitudes towards and might properly bo colled a propagonda intelligence activity, more appropriately undertaken by the However, informal conversations with lead me to belleve fhot the onolysis will aftempt to look beneoth prevailing atlitudes and provide a fairly careful documentotion on dynomics of social chonge in this area. In this regard, tho meihodology becomes extremely interesting. 1f is proposed that tho request: for \$1,000 be approved from Small Grants in order to permit exploitation of this material previously collected at grcot expense.

A.

B.C B.C C B.C

July 18, 1961

[PAGE 34]
Memorandum to:

Subject: Recommendotion for Funding \$1,190.00

C.B was one of the members of the who traveled In the USSR in 1958 ond 59. His performonce was distinctive time, he has obfained his Ph. D. He has taught ot tho for one semester and has married-a young Together they have planned a Fulbright period in where he will busy himsclf with analyses of the public administrotion in Including extensive interviews with district officcrs of all districts.

There is likely to be no theoretical, nor methodological,product of note from this undertaking; but it appears useful to providē the descriptive material which will issue from such an investigation:

Funding Is recommended and it is suggested that the plons of Mr be brought to thə attention of the desk concerned.

A Enc: 2

94-15-

June 9, 1961

[PAGE 35]
C Lic rr te

C officialls e ivee e lot yoat for t a sy C inm fy plans reeia ee l ozplaieed thoa in es laet lottor.

6

May 23, 1951

[PAGE 36]
C

I ca yosy clad to leara that theer apay to chlo to povido capplcatal spgeit for ey progres. It ceces quito cartiin tiat a grant is forthocains sinco, elthoagh ea officiel essuasaoat exst ocso fxos the 1 reosarca presreaand et ths coce tiss izdicated thet I hsd tosn reoossoáed for the grant.

3 If the caonot cosploto cotioa ca e grant vatil July es Aagust, taia voulá bo no roal parobles eincs I pave suficicnt funls to got stortol. I plan to leavo for m ca Juno15eod crrive ia orvand Jyly 15. Ny tcaporary cdivss theo is in coxo el dea

74-19

B

epa11 24, 1951

[PAGE 37]
De: lr.

Tie ls:thoourrot statcs of a7-verioa applicetiooe. 1094 Sghoald rotify ne chother I hove boeo eppointst by Aorll oé hay. tat raaaapa later sinco eieo vso e late applicetica. If I Co zot Cet ador other cront I vlll atll ta able to csriy cat Ey projoct einoe the is villint to pey vy traval end nintiaeso 6o pert of ky vilo'e cort. Ja this cao9 my esplicatiea to yoa for a cappleatal gztat ooald to reduoed ty tho Pt0. l hod pqueated for eit Doths edaitiocal ksirtervoe, snsontn that thsy erys cansveus edoat ortcaiing a coo yeor grent.

BC B.C.

I keve ahoo cpalied for a private Caat thrcvga the C whied should to emuoesssd erosad Aysil l. fhs dcoisisn ca a feplicaticn shich I en ia ths proccss of cutaitting will fot colo wntil-Jay.

Sinoerely yours,

74-18

Earoà 23, 1961

[PAGE 38]
Hera ibahepoliction fsr a eupplaental grant frea the I am nov a little nor eortain ebout ry sources or support than-when-l-last rsw you, Laat, weck tho  turned a down in their eprogren.Howovor, in February theasked Eo to file for a rogular end this apolication ia nos at the level of thoc Tho question hore will. be how-tha looks upoa sy propoaal. The answar to this von't cosa for sevsral Fonths.

who hao an Lsst weekond Irst e7 vnusual enthusiasa for behavioral scionco rassaroh in the field of puhlic scainistration. le wanta to compare the valus aystcas of administrators to thoes roquired for a rationsl bureaucratic systen. I'm surs wo can bo of groat help to each othor intn i

I will let you know of "sny other signilicant dovolopesnts concerning my projuct.

74-19

[PAGE 39]
74-αv Suce gont grjeit Passe T to actint A

March 22, 1961

Ok: laer pants pa , er. 1 bpil, 61. fori

I hove storted an Informal processing of your proposal but, in view of our current-comaitmonts, I gm afrald I will not hove word for you until June os to whether xa yill bo able to provide the support. Have you leornod C yet whether youapplication hos been approved? If not, this nay provide some additionol probiens, tater on, whtch wilt have to be dealt with,

Let's keep In touch as the plars mature.

Sincerely yours,

C Executive Secretory

copy and copy of original to  via hand3-22.61 A C

[PAGE 40]
Last June 1960, it was thought that Dr. was going to . and at that tine a project was subnitted for the comletion of a report on the vork accomplished by Dr. snd Dr

. At the last mimute, Dr. persuaded Dr. to stay with him at Dr. was on the 1oayroll and wes cntitled to a month's vacation. However, it was agreed that Dr, would work on his report during his vacation and wo agreed to pay him \$1,000.00, a month's pay, for working on this report.

Do you want-to-reimburse-us-for-this \$l,000.00 from Dr. s other funds? Lo you want us to pay this from Consultants' funds? How would you like this handled?

GOrTliEh As of telcon this date with Dr. Grereb inatructed him to take the money for tho above project out of "Covor Grants" or "Consultants".

94-21

Docember 5, 1960

[PAGE 41]
This file represents the projects the Board of the has epproved after being given the authority to set up small. cover-grants. (See TS Memo dtd. 9 Yebruary 1959 in Main Financial folder)

74.22

[PAGE 43]
C B exscutive.Secretar C Dear

This is a brief prograss roport on the work 1 have done on tha at under a grant from the

At present, I have completod 35 interviews. By the end of the C summer 1 should have coapletei about-5o-casos fron the 69 of tho original

C Since September, I have been developing the interview schedule, ( 3 revisions ) the et scales, the rodification of the peraonality sealss, the double blind translation of the personelity scalos, the locating of informants and the collection of data.

Still remsining to be done are the collection of the rest of the data, its analysis, interprotation, and finəlly the drafting of a report.

C,B SincəIplan to\_use. thisstudy-as-my-doctoral dissertation in I havo\_asked-some-f-the Prafessors uho nave been guiding me in ay work to serd you brzer evaluations.

Even at this intermodiate stag? some importart implications of this study are already apparent.. A

whioh, pscale a. can be usedue b. on whien different individuals can be objectively compared (sonething like the developsent of the IQ soncept and test)

c. whoro both subjective aad objoctive measpres of are used.

[PAGE 44]
2.. fnis is the only study where the most important known variable (on tho basis of ether studies) nanely tina is hold corstant - all our respondente have teen C

3. Contrary to other. studies, our findings seom to indicate C that habits do not. soem to te most resispant to changethis has importantimplicaticns both for loarning theory and Freudian psycholoey

Epclosed you will find a sample af the study kit vsed to collect inforastion on eacit of the respxondents with a brief outline of the study.

Since only the first half ef tho study has boen completed, I would like to apply for another year of full time sponsorsnip fron the in order that I might complete the analysis-nf tha data,as outlined before. As I plan to.ase this study as my dissertation at with special emphesis on thought it more appropriate if I applied for a srant directiy to the rather than throvgh the was·kind enough to promise me his favoraple recorgenhiation.

I bellave that it kould be helpful if we could arrange an appointment to discuss tne project at greater length.

Thank you for your considoretion.

Enclosura

74-24

[PAGE 45]
August -24, 1959

Deree

This sill confirn the telephone copversation te had the other day. The Board of Lirectors of the have agreed to supoort vou for one vaar in the aaount of 5.000.o0 beginning ooterber 1. 1959 to enable you to contimue your work in the

This money will bo paid to you in l2 equal payments at the end of each ronth becinning with Leptenber 1959.. :

The only liritation thit is placed on the use of these funds is tbot anz technical reports or papors which grow out of the studies suooorted under this grnt shall contain the following notiect "Thece studies. vere supported in part by a grant From tho

Ir. tho Board or Directors and tho scientific advisors to the Join ne in vishing you well. Pleaso oall upon us for any scoistince that we may bo able to provide.

Cincerely yours,

[PAGE 46]
1 June 1959

Doar Sir:. uT.d a graduete studont doing a researon oil tha

has, I believe, a grant of ycurs, which-is-up-for oontinuation. It would be an act of aid to soienoe and seholarship to continuo him; he has made a good start and gives every  sign of br ging an inter.sting pioce of research to a satisfaotory

and influential concluaione.He strikea ua at in whicn as a very good mn, and
I have cone to value o r conferonces.

late. Ho told ms your Board was meeting last wsek and I asked him to toll you, ty phone, my lettor would cone in soon. The last two weoks or May, vith dootoral defenses and endless. examinatlons, is no time fcr a professo) to use for his correspondence.

94-25

[PAGE 47]
C I shouid. Jike to ofer thls leer In support of Mr recent roquest concoming his angotna reresrch preject dealing with the
CC W In ths Uolted States. Duriag the Iin tha devalopant of hls stuoy post yee Thecre wonced closesly with lr and have wotchsd it prçgress froia ths Idea stage to a folly operetlonal proloct. He hos éeronst rated Som the ttart u hlgh degros of competerte-end snergy, so thot ! harys little doubt thet his efforis wlll rspult ln a signißcont contributiea to our kgpw
C locge of thls most lnteresting wrea of concein. As a scientist I share Mr.a entieistoss koxr tha problsm, for it rslatos to our sfíorís to obtela a boslc understonding of behnaylorad change in the foca of culture contact, and thus would hopa that he be givon tha ilnenclel guprort nscesssy to compiete his vork. Finally, I have every con-
C fidence thot Me ewill, upon completlon of his current proloct, contlma tó contibuts subsesitally to the growlng body of thsory cod dato In tho tclance of hmaan behavior.

24-26 29

B

May 25, 1959

[PAGE 48]
It is my understanding that duriné the past year cave a prant to to study this C C work was done oy che of my students, fu

whò infcrms me that he is ncw apulying directly to yo. for a grant to continue his investigation. I should like very much to support his application. His work for the Fh.D. degree is being done under my directicn, and I have had good opportunity to judge him and the quality of his research. I have been so favorably impressed, that i would regard it as a very great pity indeed if he were not in a position to bring the research to a succesasul conclusion. I hope that yor Society-will find it possible to act favcrably on his application.

Yours sincerely,

74-27

May 28, 1959

[PAGE 50]
February 25, 1960

B Enclosed please firy' theCi chock in the arount of S750.00 vhleh reroseats the thare psyoent mdor the grant usos to you lor the prohaoing of a aonograph on the

sincerely.

C

74.28

[PAGE 51]
Decenber 1, 1959

Cinceroly.

Enolosed clesco Cind the cheok in cho acount of s75o.oo chick poorosonts tho sccond javront nederche gaant aade tozoncorthe producing o: a sonograh on the

[PAGE 52]
Septeaber 1, 1959

Sincevely,

Zneloze clcaso find the chcck.in tho arout of 750.00 wich roprareots tre firzt paysent or the crent Laco to you for tho prodoedng o2 a nonograph on tho

B

[PAGE 53]
Angust 26, 1959

3 in tbo aount ot 3,cco for the tarroces of rodvcirg a monograh on your vort vith tho TLO : laps to forvard thds roney to you in quartoariy peyrents. Tle cirst pavaent vill he rado on ctout Septerbor lst.

The only liritation that is placed on the use or thoco funds is tiet wy tocrnieol reçorts or capers shich croa out of tho studies sur.orted wnder this cans shall ootain tie followia! notico: sirose atalies vero suryorted in part by e gunt cros tho

the Bond os Thcetors snd the sel ntifio advisors to the Joln no in wisting sou vell, zleoce call upon us Por ang acsistance tht vo ray be atle to provide.

74-31

Sinccroly,

[PAGE 54]
C In respsct to thei Paatorásl thoro seess to bs no substituts for just plain imooklikgcoen to work. The rourviabout nothod of collsboration botvaen ssveral groups uho are varioualy ccoaitted to a maber el projoots et orco has not jslled. At ləast, as of nov, no plans tor intelligont collaborztion are in hand or on th horizon.

Sinca thars is littla impstus nowadayo for isplomsntirg a collaterativo dosiga, Say I say that a follou-up grant to cosplsta the sosiologicel analysls of the data collacted in the initiele Aprojeet- sponsored tg theeo might contrlbuta to the goale.

What tovlà enargs is a mocograph of atout thareo hundrod peges dssoribing ani enalysing the rogularitiss whalch cheraoterise tha sauple groap etodied. In tho catn, vo wovld stcy protty close to ths naterielo ansi avold wdus apocvletion, à Tabls of Contente night ineludo chapters ont

1+ Kstorlcal rotting and antecedsnts

2. Nethodologicol conaiceratlore rvaovoavgcco1 conaiceratlors

A glareo at thls tsntstivo list of chapters shows that ve fool 1t nscossary to link togothar historical and struotual conaidorations with attitviiaal and bebaviorel taetors.

Koperully. this morvogrelh would to able to stand alore in publishd fora. sz sweh, it vould bo aloost wniaoo in the fisld ote If 0 and vhen a colletorative otfort should coss to fruition, tho nonograph woeld furiob an sapiraval baso thst voald be dort vzeful as a point of depariure. C khen availstle, it Naght prove s atirulus to tbe othes grvvps vho rave data on the r eni rovive sore intorset vtihia oncs-invoraoted fouviatiene. Fren taa ctandpoint of Ga-roicg rasesrchso in the eresa oésne tueh a beokaroond stody would to ivvaluable.

24-32

Juno 10, 1959

[PAGE 55]
We have not boon barren in the laot year and a substantial asount or rough draft nanuscript is in haod. Specifically, imortent ssgaents of chapters 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9. 10 and 11 have beon written. Much rswriting and oditing ncods to be dcna with thoso sogaonts, hovovsri and, of oourse, there is auch to do on rougbing out tho edditional. chapters.

I ax very sure tht a cospleted manuscript could bo in your bands i4 months from the tixo of the roceipt of the follow-up grant. If cosmitments allow and the pen rung llot,uy ve nay-beaz-the-duo-date I say about a ysàr, bocause bothENm
and wysalf have cocaitmanta phich can't bo pot aside and we will have to make tina or steal it.

Our plan is thet sach of us will take prlrary responsibility for spaoifie cheptors while we share the responsibility for tho ontire eanueeript.

While- I have montionod 1500 to 200o dollers ae a reasonahle grant to see the monograpà throngà, furthor consiásraticn proapts se to ask for 300o dollars to bs veed as follovs:

1. a thousand dollare apiocs for sotivation, Arspiration and bili paylrg. for balu,

2. a thousand dollars for exponses; particulerly furthor data pro ceseing and typing.

I an surs that if thea is able to pako this-grant, the monograph will ba forthzeaing end impoctant to many different clienteles.

74-32

-2-

[PAGE 57]
I have your lettor ef July 28th, a promdso of reprinte from Dre r,Ch and and the cheok for \$2,449.l0, in full payzont or tho supsser grant given no. Again say I thank you, thsu and it.

Septcber will do nicely for a visit to tho Eaet. I oan coke any tize during that month, and vorder if you would sot a speoifio dato that fits beot with ths schoiules of tho people at your end.

74-333

Avgust 4, 1959

[PAGE 58]
July 28, 1959

Fnalosed Is our chock In tas arccust of \$2,449, 10 In full payrent of the prent opptoved by our Bound of Diracton. Uader ssparate cover I shall bo transmfitiag some reprinás from the but t feel that these cre Inadequate to felly eccusht you with fhe progran now In progress. thís wili requlre a vislt which oupours to us wookd be bost medo In Septenbor rather than Augut, if It is convenfont to you, The rooson for this Loing thot, although Dr awtll bo here, On wwill be away the crtire month of August.

Regordieg our spoclfie roquireaenis, the only condition that applies In
the utilizoñion of this grant Is thot ony fochntcel reports or papors which grow
out of the stody supported under thls grant sholl contaln the following notice: supported in port by a girant from the

Tha Eoard of Diroctors and the scientifie advisers to tha joln mo In wishing you well In thls endoavor. Pleasa call upon us for ony cusistanco that we nay be cble to provide.

Sincerely yours,

74-34

Inclosuro

Exccutive Socretry

[PAGE 59]
June 30, 1959

Fardoa my delay In confiralng. It seems os though this time of the year spreuds our Directors in oll directions and rstards our operation,

Your grani was apprcved and wo shall bo making fransmission of funds some tire in lote July. Wo cre hoping that your plons oniell a trip to this erea and thot we osin cozplefathe erocess of getting acquainted with you In porson. Or. our vice-president, hos Indicated g desire to discuss his research progrom with you os has Dr. of the Socicty.

Best régards.

74-35-

Sincerely yours,

Execulivs Secralary

[PAGE 61]
O

August 10, 1959

Thank you for your nice lettor of August 3. land I will look forword to sesing you on tho 17th here at our We hope you will let us know if we can taoke any reservatlons or preparations for the fomlly's visit.

Sincerely yours,

Executive Secretary

[PAGE 62]
I have just received your check and wish you could know how pleased I am. This grant provides me with an encouragement that will make me-indobted to your in all my future studies.

I now have four articles in what I consider to be next-to-final draft for submission to editors. I em preparing a fifth paper for the meeting in in Decenber, tit he symposiun project, rt now áppear mey begin in June or September, l960. In each of these, as well as in any oshers I msy. got\_to in the comine year 1 will be pleased to acknovledee the support of the and to send alone re5rints.

The subnitted a proposa posium-in to the Iy in July, T have just gotten word iron Dr, that they would have supported the project with the proposed September starting date if their\_funds had not already been committed, dut would like to consider it for a Jine startina date. le also suegested on the telephone that the Rand the tilht be other possibilities if I dith't want to wait the I told him I would prefer to, stay with the If their consideration would be an sctivo one should be interested, unless tho under the circunstances, in renewing their previous consideration.

I am still confidoht that support for the symposiura will appear. Postponement of tho date rolieves m considerably of the concorn I had that my period at vould provont my accogplishment of the full project T proposed to youin Ly grant apolication. Your grant will moke it possiblo for re to forego extonsion elasses and spegches in the coaing yoar which would othorwise cut into'my study timo.

74.37

[PAGE 63]
We are having a rewarding summer here though the weather hashardly fulfilled our expectations. My seven year old,  is getting good geography and history lessons.

Bb Ve plan to leave August 16 on our way home yia I should be pleased to\_drop. by your office tor a few ninutes on either the:l7th or l8th if such a C time will be convenient for you We want to take BC he kids foc a and show them the I will call your office on the 17th, but don't let ny visit interfere with any plans or business you may have.

O

Aupust 3, 1959

74-37

[PAGE 64]
CDeor Cr

Follówing our cenversotions and our corrospondence I find thet I am very reluctont to recoaraend a reduction In ths emount of tho gront. Therefore, I shali be tronsralfting tho full omount of \$2, 520, C0 as origtnally ogroed. 1 have yet to see a tight budgst cstimate work out whore travel, parsonnel and Incidental offlee expenses ero Involved, Consoquently, I would profer that you use any funds loft over from your sumsr activity In the futhoronce of your sominar plans and will acknovledçe ho support nccerdingly when fes symposium reporis are Issued. I shall bo tronsmifting Tha funds after the Ist of July and will ba looking forvard to seeing you in this orea,

Sinceroly yours,

Exccutivo Secretory

24-39

June 26, 1959

[PAGE 65]
Yoar fire raes vis telcplous ocao duina fioal cxna tina et I flniabsd co.taora ca ths towrth. uos ttve that oosrova novins jod behird Eo. sud in beek at vork hero iner I ca grestiy plesosd be (la cercort fron your eobanl deroly gratefol to yoa and to rfor yoor etfeotivo cnd coatinaing vork in seovrlag suppore for ry ttatios. Toa 2sr to soro Ctat I pill Go 1y otoost to jostlly thde éooisios.

Es I told yos co tho phone, I coala sot slterd to lot thom cyporterity Lo 7 siooo Foce Baard'e droiadon covld eot ba knsen et that tiea. Es it rao tmacl cab, I.es ced that bott fhese carteaisiea cena ebere. ly sehoiele cverio dloal-l vall have rest of tha poraings cnd teieo cibrcaroo freo croh eeek for E reesaroh.

Bicce ur poiatkan to yoa vss besed ca subaietspeo lor tho catira theca vonth corror poricd, cod ts visiting profeesorahip at catoats ¿rea évãy 6 to Cezrst 15, I voust toll yon in writing whet 1 told Fou via toleaoaost thst I voud cpcot tho grsat to bo redoced in ceovad to coupesasto lor tho pxriod spoat etrtru At leest cvo-third of ry tiro, ycodzoiy poro, vill to lreo ter stziy et a hoover, cad I vill hve a lan peath slterw eirse ry dutiss do not bogin :11 8epteter 16. T0 wrip vpl to ry vecatdoa tha yuer.t) plca to fy, fsatly plan, In order to eero tins ead probadly capaxa.

1 ea 9r\~ortcpoed 10 preoordag a tedgot for suoa a 6rent ca this, end I ntod yar savico. X viod to bo oirouavpest, ehá I ea wcortaia es to vhat catnl Ca Crals ney pavperly bo realloostod to ccoh itesa et travel ood at.aieveohle knlo. Er vork vizhe barotis sicairioantly foa otaoogrrptlo ccl rosearoh cszistsns Lolp, espoolally. in Lvccst vhn tho éopartosntal saoretary vlll teta Fes vecatica end Sa Gsptonr whon cha vlll bo brsy (sttirg ready for colrol cpeaing. 1 ca tot fora tov spoh etopographio lolp vill bo cvallablo 1n tho 6eratsnt of2ico av

I sa lciircat to svccest Jcst bos tho tcdrot ahould to rovlsod tat gether that 1e vaat yea profes, sud so oftor tho tollsaing lor yeer savios ed altoratica.

Jexo 16, 1959

[PAGE 66]
Selery-June 6 to Jaly 5, Engust 16 to Sopteaber 15, end ope-third tiso froa Jalé 6 to Angnst 15

Booke

Stonographeç-half-tizs for too ronths

Research assistsnt--half-tis for two montha

for consvitation with othor inveatigators

28(3

Tho stuogrepher, aqsiatant, and trarel ere pot essaatial bat facilitativo, en you rey feal ths salary itaa shovld ba farther rodvoed: Pleass pot the figures as you think boot.

You vill to glad to knov that Dr, heo exprossed hia Antorest in ta byzpositn, that have prepared a proposat for the in firat drafka end enro proparing the final draft vith the ecsistacs of tho hss aoanmne   doug t te syoa y oproved ty Sopteater. hsa cgngented to sorve ce consultsnt. ka I correct in believing that your wiohes ro to ésvoto sose of my tias during the swaer trant period to préparetion of the syzposiisa?

I an vriting my thanks. to also, for the holp I ea suro he hss givan, Many Eood things have cone ry wey in tha leat typ searo, ireluding a very profitable end plezsent yeer at the deant noa this Erant. With tho significant topio-I have for ky researoh intorest end tho support I en rocoiving, I fool rost fortunate.

Please expross for ko, if thero ia en appropriate occesion, my thenks . to the moabera of your Foard. I an looking forward with plepsuro to accepting ynr invitation to visit your offies this svzsor. I hope that you sadeisi turn, cen visit our caupus soon, particulerly for the syxposina.

O

74-40

[PAGE 67]
MEMORANDUM TO: The Directon

CSUBJECT: Project Proposal, Cotogory B - By Dr.

ffor cbout six montls, C We have besn in correspondence with Dr wes tunjod cova on the edvica C Hls first proposal for a symposium on of our coosultents who rocognlzed the skill cnd steturo of tha Inveatigator, tut felt thot the syraposlum wos repstitive oad could be moda poie worthwhile after a porlod of study. In the Interiro, botween our refuial end subgequent corrcepondsnce, I B Interestod theaea ln the ideo of the symposlura. It noy uppeurs thot tha 3.B. vill sporeor lis vovk when he rehurrs to onoxt year. Tho T Is Ta the position et the mosent to fecilitate the plenning for this symposlum end centrlbute spocifically to the orloatatlon that future reseorch ond roporiing toker in this provocative orea of study.

C experlmentation and plennlng effort will requlre opproxtmately \$2, 500. 00. Our Tho Principol lovestigotorhas indicoted that his summer's consultants ogrea that a grent In thls emount Is justifleble ond deslrable at the present time, You wll note that grrongoments for carly summer visiting professorship cre
B. pending wit Consequenily, I shall atieopt to provide cn corly aoor to mee reply to preveat Inconvonlence either to Dr
B

6 94.41 94=4

May 19, 1959

C Executivo Secretory

[PAGE 68]
Your letter was wonderfully welcome news. I know no way to set a tulgèt for sumrer study except on the basis of my rerular salary, which Por the present year has been 8cO per month and which for the coaing year I must presume will be approximately the same. I shouid like to devote the entire three aonth period, from June 10 to Septenter 10, to study and writing. Be assured, however, that any grant your Board is able to confer will be welcone.

No other expenses beyond subsistence will be required
though 1 shoulu like to spenã about l00 of any Erant on
publications to supplement my personal library. I believe the hill be able to provide adaquate sten
ographic help for the preparation of manuscripts as well as air-conditioned
an exeellent private study rooi. inthe and
librery. Gur acquisitions inds have been fairly complete.

and an. writing 1 was pleased to hear from Dr. Ptt-subnit-a to inform hia that theyt proposal for the symposiur. as soon as itcan be prepared.

has offered ne a visitihg professorship I called in their six-week summer session befinninga. athere yesterday to-as: whether he could Dr. hold the position open for a while in the hope I might hear before the time he will have to fill it. He from youre kindly agreet.bnder ordinary circumstances I would be quite but 1 regard the;prospect of pleased to teach at spending the' ontire suater studying, especially at this juncture, as an outstanding onportunity.

l greatly appreciate your continuing interest in support of ny studies.

74.42

Fay 10, 1959

[PAGE 69]
Description of Proposed Research

Long-rangsgroject:

1. A critlcafarevier of tho major contrlbutions to an understunding of ths basic. naturo of cognunlcatlon: Informatlon theory; cognltIve, learnlng, and developmental studles of varbal-behavior; verbal problen-solving; senantic thoorles; soclal-psyctoloalcal theory.(Including-snal) group and mass ccrmuntcatlon): cultural linculselc theory; cormuntcatlve dlsordors and persocallty thoory-- cach of these to bdpublished os a separate. study, spread cver a poriod of ysars.

2, An attempt st a comprehensiva theorotical formilatlon of comnunlcatlon, unifying tha findings fro the-bohavioral sciences. (Alrendy bogun--to be-carrled on concurrentiy wlth f1.) Thls focnulatlon wilì Iaclucey

a. a doscrlptiou of major variables with suggeitlons as to hou those nay be operatiorally defined,

c. à classification of the major vacieties of human communication-situations, defined In tanns-of-the major varlables

d. a series ef interdepondent postulatex concerning ths Interrolatlonships\_of the variables from' whlch various testaglo hypotheses may-ba-doduced, 2

e. presentation of varlous research findingswhich support the theory,

f. tho suggestion of a nuber-of experlmental Studios requlred to validato and reflre the-theory.-

3. A serios of experinental studies, designed to test tho theoretIcal formulations evolved In #2. (To be carried on concurrsntly with f and #2. First experimant: to test the offects of-varlous kinds of controllad feedoack upon alteratlon of counicator's verbal-behaylor.)

Iatacdiate projects:

1. A critical revlew of inforiatlon theory\_lntended to essess Its adequacy as a formulatlon for a ganeral theory of human coominlcatlon; drawlng concluslons conceralng Its usefulness for.varlous-kinds of counication rescacch, possIble additions snd mpdificatlons. required to extend its userulness, &mpfgical verification fron flndings of laboratory snd flald studles, contradictlon or verlflcation fron other comminication theorles, and exparlmental deslgns requlged to validate the theory.

2. Preparatlon for publlcstion of rosearct projocts elready completed and pobers airoadyfin flrst draft:

e. An oxpsrinental study In the transfer of tralning In veisal problen-solving (fiva senaster long exoarlnents conpleted, revealtog slooiflcent dlfferancos; was reported briefly In & conventlon papor for tho

O

8

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A Proposed Research Study In the Thoory of Comnunicotion

[PAGE 70]
b. A caviss of teo experiasocel Hlteratura ta prodlaa-solviny (revldr cuaefeted throcgh Isso: taya alsceised lis puohicatioc utih tho editor 6f tha
C ba Dratented as a pepur patorb the
C d, (in Yirst oratt; zo A642P4

Slgaificanca of\_the Proposad Resesrch-in Ceemunicacton Thoury

Tha parposa of the propodad ssrles of cricical-rovtevs of major contrlbat?eas-to coonlcation theory ls to devlya eventeelly a xorn salfles thsorecical fonslotlon of tha fondamantal streczura cndorocess of coancnitetion báhlch cea co voitóased by both lberatory ded flsid studiesa -tharo appsars rs ma s great pead for a sore coprscanalee, sora cperaticoal, ana sora prociza tazorattcol syta than any roa evailsole, cas chick wlll-inteçrate tha-fiadings froa reny diffarvat flelds of Invascigation cae élch aay-yisid usurgi Iaterdisclatinary eppliesttons.

nuch zigalficsnt thsorlzing has bven coze-In vartoas-azpects cf-cekunlcatlon,
lenysaos, snd vertal tahevior. Particulariy vslssslo-tt sesaa to sa sre tha theoriee
of hersort Vimnar cnd Verren üvaverIn inrorgrttoa tkooryy-Seadel! Johazon and Alfrsd
Korzytski In dho teaétie yrocassy Hazater Sarity Keet Lesin, and sobart Salas in
groo inturectioa, Uiibat-Scbreaa-ln saza-ceaeiostion,-Bosjeuin Lee tnor? In aata
Hinsaistics, Caartes horrls ln theory ot sisae, gsrz colastoin ln kas ratara of
abstrscslos, loo Fossann In éogaitlon, b. k cersson-is prcelez-soiving, Jean-elsgst
In lengvage daveiopment, end tha classicel wrizors ia rostoric, partlcutorly äristottso ta danì All of those boar dirocely-on cozpunicntios, bes yone of thea protends to dea!
wita lt tocali, oad caapcabonsivalt. 0niy keceall Joknson, peraaps, sces es-consral
thà qusstioo of wat heppena wrn A talks to s, ahd he saas no ziíort to lrcearata
ths disparato fladings-snd coacapre-iniarestiy related to. thls process. leforuutien
ihary providos a coaprabenalva fresowork, oct-resaires ataitferent kind of etoboretion
and rafineaeat tkan lc hss bad for. spplicatloa is tao socisl sciencss. 语 1

Tha grvatest nesd ls ceaésalcatios roesarch sos ts for sora adequate ceaceptaallzation. Too raay spusios ars saixiptyieg in ell. klado of sopiléd rogcerch ta cmaaicaslon vhich'ars of sraatiy llatcad cosrsíaass as beale resesrch batsase the exaerimencal dvalgee rout on statisticol scsuapcioas sióno (and aoso ofsen of dosbtfe? apaticadility)-cie concspzcal frosvark of cere ssudios. Is ofvesttoo vaçea or Nlaieed to poratt qararslizution of tna resuies laso leapcesieal levals. Ppoztoi sgain aeé apsia as i road la tha éivecas scess of coneicecicn stody zne tevesciyszors epyeieet lack ef avareoans of Irvessigtious la cogaaro vistds desiieg wltn very Etatiar phecoopas todec differeat tera aelogy ans cancsptet fraewories. phecooan asttlea

ta the othar hand 1. oa cooviacod lèat. kozs of cio cheoretlesl vork la cozaltlco, lerntag, yiagaintics, parsoaalizy,-aror preccss, Teforntius theory, sadpeaentlcs tloal,prucisu, ced laturdisclplhtary rorsatagicts uill. coss.

xo one navreçreph, booa, or psrsca will captera tte Joh of ta edaqats oareptsel Gyntea rot ccneekicatica. 1z ls tha punposo of ar oroposed syaposiva to ecleaiesa

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[PAGE 71]
the men whehave olready done thą most slgniíicant thoorlzing in cne aspuct of cxmunicatlonor anothar\_to\_ furthar theorlzing of a morn comprohensiver Interdisclplinary nature.

I coubt that tho mejorlty\_of soclal-scientists yet rocognlzo the contrallty of comualcatloa within thesoclal procoss, thich shapos huren natura to whet It tegorus, but thare ls soundant ovldençe of a growing InsIght and Intorest in comunicatlon In nearly sll ths soclal sciences end-huaanlties. It is. a staggerlng Job to kesp up with tls litoraturo.

The study of huun corrmunicatlon and hoa it functions in shoping men's minds end actlons is at least equal In significanco to our undarstanding the structure of the physical univarse.Coraenicatlón, to da occuples-tha place of Tannyson's "flower In the crannied wall." Sclentists of maoyeflelds now seon to percelve the slgnifIcanca ofccommunicstlon which-has-beon expresseo.,by poets from Wililan aleke to Carl Sandourg, and ere attacking tho subjcct at many points. The outlook is exciting.and pronislng.

[PAGE 72]
Some Prellminary Theorizing about Cormninlcatlon

In ordor to pull thts project ono step down out of the clouds, he are a few serected Instancos of the direction ay thinking has taken so far, particularly the Intograting of apparentiy disperets theories.

Whed Sharnon's concept of Inforratlon (defined In tarms ofglven sot of equal probabillWes) Is eodifled by Postcan's bypothesls-informetlorthcory, elso by tho soclal psycholocists concepts of Interectlon aud social ncrtp and the cultural anthropologisee concopt of caltural velue systess, ths propoct of a roally sclon tiflc thoory orcompualcatioa is enhanced. A hypothesis ogests Itself which is poteatially testale: Inforuation comaxnicated is equalo ths differonca betwoon the oxpectatlons (steaa's torm: hypotheses) of the rfolvar and tho content of the sender's massege(rostwan's torm: information). Sen tha message corrasponds to tbe receiver's cxpooraticns, it Is redundant (hypgiesis Is conflrred), end little inforsatlon Is corunicad; when the message contrgficts the, expectatlons of tho recelver (hypothesis Is Iiresd), or çoes boyond-gch expectetlons, Information Is communlcated end new expecteons are formod.

The tholo process Is cyclicor spiral, a.Johnson and Von Foorster emphaslze, so thot expcctatlons are corlnually belg roenforced or weakened or extended. Tho predictlon of tha results of counicatlg doponds upon knowledge of the raceiver's expectations (l. A. Richar ter: reteronce) In regard to the reforent of tha cossege and upon scns seans of Thesying the qualitative and qusntitstive content of ths messaga in advancas Berlapn has done sigalficant work upon ths latter wa whlle the cultural anthropoiogists and scl psychologists cad axperionced laymen observers are often able to predict Inokidu reecticas free knowledge of the soclal nonas or cuitural values of the roforgce gro to which thq Indlviduel belongs. The varicus projective tests of the laicel psypologists and the varlous attitude of reactions to commlcation.

Persuaslon, or propaganda, Ifdangerous, l.e. unproyjctable in Its effects, whán the hypotheses of the recelver re unknown or misjudçed or; as Hovland found, If the message does not recognizoithose hypotheses (awarenessoof certain facts or arguments), a boomerarg effect Islkely.

A comon Instance of elrical ovidsnce for the thoory exls ln the fealllar situetion in whlth a spor fen laarns the outcoce of s partjcuhr sports evont vhen he was famlllar baforehel wlth the-past perfonesncos-of-the psrttipencs and tha odds quoted by the rookaikers.If tha outcomao Is as he prudjctod, s hypothoser are confirmed, end hellì cerhaps raiso the size of his bot.or the dods ha wlll give on the next game. lffon tie othar hand, the outcono contradicts tha rivldual's expectstlons, his susequent attltuda and bohavior ulll be altarad In tecpposito direction.

In the lettep case, Indced, tho Indivldual's faith In his ability to prect say be shakea, and ho continuas to predict poorly about mattars more closely reted to his pursona walfaro than the outcaal of a ball gaze, we may postulate serlou personality problas of Interest to tha clinical psychologlst end psychlatrist. ixaan has donsone interestlog expocieentlng on the dlfference batweon the msthonsthol probabillties Inherant in ths experimcntal situatlon presontud to the subject and tha probebillles as parcolved end ected upon by tha subjact. One finding: when the probsbiitles aro equal, tho subjoct almost never acts as if they are.

8

[PAGE 73]
oth Aifred Korzytski and Benjaain Lee Whorf were Interested In the offech whiichattarns of lanyuage labits lave upon tho expoctatlons and subsequent aactlons of Inoidusls. Korzytski ettepted to free the indivldual fron much of t unconsclous luance of languoge by techniques deslgned to holghten the Indlabuel's awarenossf Iinguage sffocts and by ettoapting to teach his students rapply the ettltudss ad Fstnods of tha experlmental scientist In thelr talkingaout comnon burto affalr

Vhorf was erosted In the metalingulstic prcblem of Woltonisuung--the differentlal effts of varlous languagas upon the thought progsses of merbers of the language commaary, John Carroll has had sone success inorifylng whorf's relatlvity hypothes Carmicheel-Hogin-dalter, Sherlf, amothors have elso varifled a dlfferontteeffoct bahoen two or more word-lais applled to the same object upon the subscqaat-non-vorbal-bohavlor-toward therobject.

Another Interesting lnce of ths Importance of pactetlons ln the comnunica tlon process Is that of "sta frlght," Thls apparegry unlversal phenomenon sseas Instesd to bo culturaily datined to a slgnificantydegres., and tho question arises, Would there be stage fright ifhere wsre no stagg Our culturo gives high status to one mo con fuiflll our expeoations froa & poition on ths pubilc platiorm, and our folklore Is full of corteipt x ths windba, bores, and desagogues wo fall to fulflll our cultural Image of thisle, Thisoasivalence sugcasts the hypothosls that "staga frlght" Is proportlocel  the suker's uncertaluty concorning the Ilsteners arpeciotions and to tho exat hich his porcaptlon of the listsnars expactstlcns and valuos (the.role Imayocoitredicts his omi zxpectatlons and values (self lmsge). Pallllp Yorchel and I proes to refine and test chis hypothesls, using sosa Intaroscing nee cesting coviaro fear end hostilicy vhich he hss dovsloped. Paychic dlstancs betaeen eonder and retklvaheor the reletlon batwoen thelr ralative soclsl rolos fa watavar status hlsrachy, Isacoamanication varlable of aajor prod porticns wáilch socns to llo outsldaannont ry.

To sunmarize so fur: The eque and finito propllities of Shannon's zathenetics must be converod, for soclel scjnce, to € concopt probapllltice deflned by tha ligtener's oxpoctatiors (bollop,valuas, attitudes, ctual knvoniodga, tycothesos, refaroncss),whlch &re potaatily eeasureblo.Sisnnca other coacopts-radundancy. entropy, fesdback, codins, tsage, etc.-naast also be aifled snd operatlonally resuits.

This usefulcess hasaoon desonstrated alrasdy by the slabaation and sopllcation of the concspt of teedck. This concspt goes a vltal-stop ceyoé both tha behavlorist's stieulu-rosporse chaln(lacluding madiatiaa varisbs) aed ths Cestalt orçsnizing orinclplgin perceptfon end makes thsm rore uxaful in S fuastionat snslysis of soclalcehavlor. Foadback is definsd es core ther respe-uit asy ba doscrlbed as thsender's owerenass of (or reaponss to) the recelvergresponia to tho sondar's stifuius. Provlslen for thls leoping, cyclicel, spiralledaffect (foresledcaad tyArlstotle) makes all ths diffaronce in an edequato thedaof coa municatlon, a tho differereca as far es mcaan behovior and che fonettoxie. culturo are concerne. Thts splroling affect Is rede possible, sppaierrly, by toe yeptóxity of the hsos rorvous systoa, which sakes posslhis multlple lavls of sbstracteor structure válch mkes poesibie the symhol capacity, which m?lss posslble landye. T. C. Se noirla hss meda plaln this quslitative diffarsnce beswsea huena and saaal capaclyos, whlch Korzybskl callod the "tlmo-binding" function.

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[PAGE 74]
Saploitatloa of tae fxctor of feecbsck des scccuated for tuch of the atgaiflcap nsw tteerch In zaall goups ty talss, Fosttngor, ot sles ccod axhnple of the us fulassa ct ney ccrcsptealizatlon in stitulating a btole nos body of research fieings. On the atnar haad, wuct of tae work ia structurel llngulstics, ttough otherwlsosaful, sess teged uo a blled elley as far as evolving aay satisfectory thooy cf anine ls concereee Eeczrso of the rlgld end narrow concept of sclenttfic nethodtused by meay cf ltsdets, ane becvuss of fallure to eploy cross-disclpllnaryehecking of thslr flndays, coacupts, snd peetuletes wlth those of coenste flelde they are led to coacalveea lançaags es & separate entity, cperating ty a set Clous lndapencent of iuesn psPaoloylcal fumnctloning.

ic is an sccopra thoory thst tha concoot ot self, as well asena's system of valuss, ls balie vlche tha child throegn a procosa -of-eacul curreton, but tha snculturatic: prccess Is stoyd sore-prccisoly (vhenthe\_tenes are ftaad) 4s tha /ssdeeck (or lrrororetatlen of traraspoases) vhich tis calld recalveaerroa tha fuactlonally rolcted seshars of hlo rearoacs groups. Tho sysools eaptoid in thls kird of cccamnrtcstioa ara the nesasgef making svca selfeconcepts. yj valuer negotisbla, deriy occur.

Scas psychlatrists aad cliniaapsychologlsts hae core to describe the counsaling siteetlca, the paychlatric lutorvh cns psychoanaysis as processos In which por coptloas of sotf snd oue's interparaeol as well Intrayursorel tolaticas are sloziy altsred tureagk sklllfuily controllcdeodback.tle feedekck is usad to open up blocket Intorast chennsts, recovlng frethe Tcotocck krocess ths doa of cissporoval. The counsolor has firat to bulld througaklarui foedback a parccptlon p alasott which ellviestos tho expectatloss In ths Sat of dlaspproval, rejectlon, or pealzho esat, (Roesrs snd his aicoents duscrlbe ianges in tta cllont's langeso, tks difrareacas In tho way ho taiks arout higalrcd his rolatloaships, as laaicetlva of kls eltered perceptioas zno bshavlopn A 5ly spocizilzed tyos of ccavuatcattva, thvoothsscs" ef the cilsat to the cnd of more stable sad productlve byevlor.

Feplrlcel lpstences of ths roy of the foedbect pracesr, In lancunee cevolopeent, In personoiity developaent, in t leorning sltuacioa,  caterparstael rslations could ba uultipllod by tha seoy. The eose strlzing lasco ls probatly thet of the chllé born dar: the abesce of euditory feuonsck, va copoasatod sy altorne tive bot less effective typaot fosdiack, will proveat tnealis fron acgsiring lancezee, sckootiee, or evehzae benvtor. Hele Kotlers ry in 4 wonoefal hmesa co!tura sro eséo.

Ooo of ths tlciasyposslbllitlee for crozs-fortiliratien betusesclaaces ln.ths cevolopaert ofathearof ccetonicatloa esy bo ros!lzod wics the blandp of. learaliy theory aud Intorvron theory. Swch a fuxrapesistes nigarsdgess the lloving hpotoasls: alceretlea. is coavaleativu dsksvlor occos vasen che feodhaalaforaatioo difteventiuyy reentorcos ono or coro sspacte of thet dehavior, the Srsetlon cccanicesocaocivetlos (sset os intas!ty of darlvettoa) and the zourco, conslasancy,urity, kud lavensley of t.e faodasck.

Tho legntag ttsoriste have basn lacrdinstely cky of varbel bahavlor, proferrN
to auzvcciata fniah exinal studles, but 3. F. Skianar has recontly mada a cousetea
clors egvit et anttysis. Exptoltatlon of ths fcedasck proccas, and Ius cyelleal teolás great presiso la tis lepllcatlens for beean vuroal leeroleg. Soos

0

74-44

[PAGE 75]
cren scbssent lsarning hove been tade, and are clear Loeneir laplicatlons. tha lsck or coepresnsiva Irvestlgationyhowever, of. tha aect of comunlcatlon varlables upon tho learolag eults In the standard courses gethe curriculum Is extremsly rctlcenble. As our sowhety comes to domand betnt educstlonal products froas our schools, teechers will no wucor be able toasist the noad for clearer evidsnce of rszults. it Is difficult, formapple, dassess the effects of closed circuit televi. sisn on learping whan we know so Trrpiof the effects of otlor types of coammication essula. An adxquate communicatlon orypuld bo able to enswer the question: Undor what kinds of conmunicative condeeions (feeack, coding process, concurrent chanrels, etc ) do thut klnds of learnler nost probably de

Other exarples of tiopotenttel frultfulness of crossgsciplinary checking of theorles drekn from yious aspects of comaunlcatlon study mont bs citod. Those, which are clkad Inethls brlef accourt requlre rore detalied deveheent, but parhaps i have sald enout to give you an Idea of some of the directlons myinkieg has takon.

8

一.

[PAGE 76]
Inforeetlon Theory

1. Colln Charry. Cq Human Coxmunication. New York: Johh Wlley, i957.

2. Goorge M1llor. Languege snd Cosesnicatlen. Wew Yorkt McGraw-Mll1, 1951.

3. Cleudo Sharron end Vorren Veavar. The Yathonatical Theoty of Coneunlcatioa. Uroant: Univars;ty of 11llnols Pross, 19i9. Pert 11.

h. Norbart Wionar. Tha Ruman Use of Huraa Balngsi Cyournetlos end Soclety. Bostoa; Houghtoa HIffiin, 1950,

Linguistics and Theory of Sysbols

5. Leonard Blocsfleid. langcase. Nowt York: Heary Holt, 1933.

6. Joha Carrel). The Study of Langusge. Caabrldge: Karvard Ualvarslty Prass, I953.

7. Grecs do Lagans. Sroech: Its Furctlon aud Davelcpaint. Now Navent Yale Unlversity Pross, 1927.

8. Charles Porrls. Slgns, Isagvaga, and Eohsylor. Now York: Prentics-Hall, Igk6.

9. Edeerd Saplr. La2çotço: RA Introduction to the of Sposche Now York: Harcoert, Brtce, 132l.

10. Jostea Uhstrruch. Lanouige: A Modern Synthaslse Hew York: New Anerlcan Librery. 1957.

11, Beajsuln tee taorf. Collrcted Papers oo Ketallagulstics. Weshington: Forelgn Servlce lastituto, Dopertesat of State, 1952.

Ahetorlc

12. Charlos Bstdeia. Aasleat Bhotorlc gnd Poatic. Now York: Kacnlllan, l93t,.

13.. Badlerl Bhaserle gnd Peosle. Mou York: Racalllon, 1926.

14. Willles Brisonce (ed.). A Mlatort end Crltislan of Amarisse Puhllc Vols. I aad 1i, Eow York: Hcursa-ßitl, 1943.

15. Lens Coopor. Tis Etatorlc of. Arlst tig. Non York: Apjleton-Cantury-Crofts, 1932.

16. Marle Rochvuth (ed.). A Hlstory and Erivlelse of Ararlear, Publle Addrsas. Vol. 111. few York: Longrans, Greea, 1555.

17. Lestor Thoesroa and A. Cyalg Fatrd. Spcesh Crislelso. Mew York: Ronald Pross, 1948.

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8

A Selocted Worklng Blbllography In Comaunlcatfon Theory

[PAGE 77]
18. Leon Festtnger, R. Rock, S. Schachter, R. Kelley, aad J. Thlbaut, Jleory Sed Exoorlaent ja Sozial Ccassgication. Ana Arbori Ualveratty of Michlgen, 135o.

19. Csrl Eosloud, R. Jssle, end H. Kelley. Cosmualcetloa and fersueslon, Now Hevan: Yelo Uaivorsity Procs, 1953.

20. R. K. Harton, Secjolgaz Jodaz. New York: Bsslc Books, l959.

21. Iheodora Noucoub and acgene iartley. Readlagt In Soclel. tsycholosy. Nos York: Hoery kolt, 1947.

22. Josn i. Rohrer and lazofor Sherif (ods.). Soclel Psycholony et Sha Crozgroadé. Eow Yorki aorpor, 1951.

33. Aaiph Turzar cad Lauls Killlen. Collectlye Eohgylot. Englewcod Cllffs, H.J.: Frtattos-dal, 1357.

2k. Uiitur Sckresa (od.). Tha Proeesg tad Effects of Pass Coernnlcatlon, Urbsnat Enivorsity o? 11lluels Prass, 1954.

25. Fucsfer aad Carolyn Sharlr. An Outllne of. Soclel Psysholosy. Bew liork: Harpor, I956.

Serntics

26. Rupor Grva, Uarde osd Jalnsi. Glsncos, M1.: The Frao Press, 1958.

27. A. B. Jokasoa. Ca tts Balatlca Wilch Vords. Sxar. to Thloss. (ed, Cavld Ryaln). Corkteyt Ustvarsizy of Celiforala Press, 15t7.

78, Verisll Jetason, Peola Ia Quandartes. Ret York: Harpor, 1946.

29. Year Koat Eashantod Llstooer, loa York: Baryer, 1s5s.

3o. Alfred Korayeskl. Sclesca and Saaltz. Lekevllle, Cona.:tattrratloaal foa-Aristototlta Lisrarz, 1919.

31. Irving tee. Lazasrz Bublce. Ia Heeas Affalrs. Reer York Herper, 19hl

32.  (es). Tat Lanaese of Vlgcos Snd Fely. New York: Harper, 19k9.

Isychology of Varbal Behavlor

22. Floyd Allport. Ihoorlet gf Porcentles. Now York: Wiloy, 195s.

Si. E, k. allgurs. Inofiet gt Lsazales. Xow Yorks /ppiston-Contury-Crofes, 1956.

B. Georee mlar, kensoal nad Coualsskled. Now York: Rosraein, 19st

S6. Caarles cered Ma tns pe nt gf hczalode Urbana: Ualvorslty of tlhels

0

8

94-45

Soclal Psychology, Group and Mass Coamunlcatlon

[PAGE 78]
37. Jean Plaget. Tia Lonstoge end Thoht yf the Chlld. London: Routledge and R. Paul, 1918.

38. B. F. Skinner. Yertal Beblxlor. New Yorks Appletcn-Ceatury-Croits, 1957.

Corrrinlcstive.Disorders and Porsonalicy

39. Amerlcon Prychopathologicsl Assocletion. The Piychcoarholest of. Comryalcatien. New Yorkt Srons and Srratton, 1958.

ko. Grogory Bateson end Jargen Ruesch. Goenalcatlen Tne Soclel Butrls of. Psychlatty. How York: W. U, Horton, 1951. 1

al. Kurt Golésteln. Langzige snd Lansyase Pistuttnioz. Row York Gruns and Strettoa, 19:8.

General

42. Roth N, Anshsa (ed.). Laneuase: lts. Houulny and Eyoctlea. Hew York: lisrpor, 1957.

43. Glles Gray aad Clauds Vise. Jhe Besez. yf Speeshe No York: Harper, IS59.

kh. Paul Haala (sd.). lessuse. Tueght. end Cultura. Ana Arbor: Vnlvarstey of Michlgan Pruss, 1956.

k5. Ollver L. Reisur. The Ietsgratiod of Yasaledae. Boston: P. Sorgont, 1950.

74-45

[PAGE 79]
Deor Dr.

I have now rocclved the cosnent ond daciaen of my Bocrl of Direetors en ycur propocel of Janucry 3o. It ts the foolieg of ths Poard thet cur commlhments to previouly Injtioted tesda requiro es to posiçona coceideration of your propossl In this year of epsrehon.

While tho Directors exdilbtt fhe samo Iaterost ln cupperiing ycur work that C bothand I have, thoy feel thet ticy con not comalt odditonel funds et thls

I sheil leep In touch with you and at tho proper time for rosutmtsston, 1 will Infena yoe. In tho ieterim, I en eszare thot yeo vuld like to obtaia suppert for yeve curreat porlod of astivity. I sholt bo plensed to esist you lo uny wey that you feel ls posdblo. Gao nete of edvlcoe-yoer propocul would rarheps bo strengthened by laeloding requost fer support of an ongoing rescoreh tock es well es the support.

Sincerely yours,

74-47

March 18, 1959

[PAGE 80]
CDeer

Thank vou very much for your prompt, Incislve ond helpful action on the proposal. It opans the vcy for constderotion of several altomottves wich we are now approaching.

Sluco vou didn't mention the matter of compcnsotion I am cnclosing our check for ene day's consultation ond hope thls will be satisfactory to you. If not, I shall roctify.

Thero is nothing I would like better thon the conversotlon you suggest gnd I tono this can take place soon. Wo mada a small grant toin the mjste In '5S which pcmltied me to vist on the coy of fhe feotooli gano vith ond I suppose I mlased you bo ccuse of your ottendance ot the game. Flexf ilmo, however, I shall notify you in edvoneę and lope ttet we cen theroughly rehash evenis of tha post few years. I oa looking forwerd to it.

Sincerely yours,

Enct1

O

March 3, 1959

[PAGE 81]
I am sorry to bo negative about this, but it seems to ne not a very exciting proposal.

This young msn doesn't really want a conference. Ho hasn't set down any of the crucial problems for discussion. He has meraly outlined the field in a rather superficial way, and gone down thę list of leading scholers. In other words, he reaily wants a book, which he can edit. By paying travel to he hopos to get & number of well-knowm people to con tribute chapters.

Ten yeara sgo, this would have bean all right. Then the field needed structurirg, and these poople needed to talk to esch other. Now the nesds are no lorger for great umbrellalike confsrences, covering evsrything, but for interdisciplinary attacks on specific problem creas. I doubt that this young man is capable of pickirg out those areas, choosing the right people to illuninate thca, or persusding thom to coms . at least without a conoidorable revard.

In other words, it doesn't scem to me to be worth sepporting.

If you would like to koow what I think are sons of the C prcblens insathat need a well-organized intoriisciplinary atteck  like scug espects of-the that you and I bave been so long interested in Itute gled to sit doyn with you sone tise and talk about them, end try to hslp you find tho right men torun the operation end ths right placo to stage it. And if you don't get around to it earlier, Itll bo at thd carlier, Iill bo at inevee was oneht. to pay

B next acedemic year, and you ought to pay that placo a viait.

With baat wishes, I en

Sincoroly:yours,

C

74-49

February 24, 1959

[PAGE 82]
C

0 99-50

Fcbrvory 17, 1959

Enclosod is a tentative proposcl which I feel I myst evaluato bofore submisslen lo my Boord. You will potice that thase are the origtnal itens of correspondence, hence I nrust csk for their return as soon as Is convenient for you.

My reguest is this--will you plcase give me your considered opinion as to whether such o syoposium would bo beneficial, your judguent on whether is on ceproprate locole for such a rsefing, ond your suggestions for expansion of the progroa Inlo productive arcas of Inquiry. 1 shall aßo gopreclate knowing If we ere repecting work that hos been prevlously accomglished.

B but tha oolicy perais my payment for such consultarion at the rate of I roalize that such an evalvatlan will be time consuaing and laborious, \$60. 00 por coy, whlch I frusf is odequate.

Thank you very much for your assistonce and best personal regords.

SIncerely yours,

Enc: 3

[PAGE 83]
Fabruary 17, 1959

C Doar Dr.M

I have held some prellaincry dlscussions about your proposal and find recoptivity for it. I oua now prepored to submlt it to the Boord but would roiss fwo consiceratlons befora dolng so:

1. Are you convinced thot your Initial budgot is adequate?

2. You hove mnade little provision for non-verbal communlcation In your proposed syoposium.

I shroll coatlnue to hold Infonnel discusslons with our Boord ond with advisers but sall weit to formally present it for Board actlon until 1 have heord from you,

·Sincerely yours,

Executive Socretory

[PAGE 84]
Januery 5, 1559

kas avey lo yous lettar errivol sd I falt wo shoold rospsrd ireraatoise se are Ansl ieterssted in your peoposal an vill be stas speaitlo pt gestns to neko. bas I feol vo siotd tovt co ar two cenercatioet sith oe Preldont botore vo rake aey w.zeatiopce cpo baving to do vath tho bedgst cnd ove hovhog to do vath tho re.ont cn tte pooposnd corteranos.

7oa st1l de hariag feoa vs shorily.

Sincoraly.

[PAGE 85]
Yon will:oroba rontsr k last July at the

In Soptecter at.3 I. ss 1t tnppered, both caie to tì es yltttin rtsrf aeere vnt1l June. 1 reve ri fabeit this proy.u tta! t 1s ns keen aboit it wo bct?. ihics at tri tt\* develor rier re tispteri while I carried te sajor resienst.llity cer

k216 ortnary 11 retaar r. werk と1z on 1. 1ecert 11 in

1 as τv! ts I ttat the etal of rucan héTtrre of my ors d18 s ir ir optntea one of relat1ons. coeì ch? part of 1ta a Cop}

A: ( tw t tht 1t usa te write (hia

[PAGE 86]
sagrortions alcrz those linee betere yauttie e prolactsthrough forval caensila, etthep at your end or. ours. Both d and I think it wonld to a very ciprepriato thing to Lave you at tha conreretoe and ts e pert of the procesaings.

We fael agsuced that tho full beckine of the Presidont's ofrien of la or this project will bs fort ecal Prosaant  vas es ca caupus lest conth for e conferarce, rne at iunch Ató apd ce the project ves snttcas to bia. l. hnlcatee trat he theuat it a fine idea. Fa nes irrqucntty aophasizea pe lelorisace cf in bis apeeot e. ent he gave the  fuil fupport or its throg prevloue-enisrenoot.

Wa bllevs tet. holsirs suey a conrerence, ettrecting Letional ituenticn, in a center of learntns in the W111 have the sovantago of trohsrlentine auitynea if such a broed scope tnto shie v to: the country. ze bott. feel a Etror fense of lcyelty to tre eand its tiaini:iraztone c believe that sioniricant  rolress ras been eode teaerd nn cuistanding uoivorsity in recent years.

If yot think, hozever, that youcervould prefor to hold tho conforenco ct cnotber location, or to cake noae ohange in tho heture ef ths conioronee, we vould to glsl for you to sugcest alcercatives. We havs oront rany tossions already oxploring soye to. rake this conforonce o lardznrh, and woula be pleasod to. have additioral cuvcestionn frco ycu.toxard that end.

Tho onolorcd cutlino 1c still a praltcipary plan of ths conforonee cnd tho took, succoscira posclble toplce end contributops. Pleens :urgest chocres or cddisiona. Ws hope tlét tho papors will previle tta vioitin: scaolrrs, and later the resders, uith sn undorttanliiz o1 the researoh getue cn in each field to tho end that oach viil achtovo o pev parsrrctive cp his own rosserch and will bo stiualated to corrcet any inedequeeles cf his orn dus to lcok 6 hfortacien ls ce nate flelsa. u. alco bopa eoch eoholar will contrpheto hi: roravlattons to a cenerel theory of ars that tte vhole conterence vili contributo sorething to a wolcicatton ef krovtesro ebevt mot. We exject to consult cerafuily with rarrekeatettver Ao eeeh Iorticuler fiold of study boforo z.àinz a firn) cioleo of cortrhlvters and,extonding in vitattons.

Sirco. ws are co caxious to fot your rsaotlons to our plons, enl in ce trey ce rageroed favorctoy, it sirht footlitate thinss in the lerg run te preaont tera a teniative todret with major esti : s errte 1t. mn: bt 1s taecd uren tventy capors hh  de e a r tore ou  fu Tcun in ths fhnal vore 100.

1r  intrrphses fer M certtere  ze rach

O

74-53

15,000

[PAGE 87]
2. Saorstirial relp in the pre-ccaference and post ccn:orenca reriedc, end proraration of thr menuseript for pabllcation

3. Coifererce projoct diroctor for full-tiae vork suelne ruacor, 1959, rert-tioo duriog seoond coszoter, 1958-59. end both soasstere 1959\~00

a. Confarorce acrançeronta and corraspondonce

b. Editing Eanusoript for publication 3,000

Frtotine troehre cmnourchn. the pro-ran to iatorested poraons ovor the country 1,000

5. Hallirg. stationery, ineisenialo 500

6. Tea recearch assistents to neaiet in pre panirg snd conductloc. the coaference ond in edseortnl work, 5 soc coct 1.820

TOTAL

Soza eupple.cntary notes on ths budgett

1. This cotleated buigst is codo on tho basia of soouring cutstaral". ceatricuters fyer sl: over the dantry without rororaria. Wo vozid lthe to pey en hororariua, tut would Peafer to got yeu: roaeiien tefore tliing it.

2. 1f. in your opinic1, the w tii be interosted in tcvirg a sore sotive sponzorohip Ee pobltcarlon er the volos? of parere threugh en cdditional eutetsy fer tast turvese, vo voul! te plad to oád that itea, with eee celnovreiesrt to this sffect, of cooroe. en tho titlo Lezo et the voluco ns wall es n the brothare.

Te sheula like to bold the cenforeree dvrine the coainc fall
ceràatey rt a tice sdcn vé ere best ehle to seeuro the oontrl and I thou. 1k: to Fo to work an the projeot
as. scon et sesltls slnce xe are co laokily tozether hore at uat1 ho when ve botn returr to

1t ves supely coed fortuno ta havo run aoroas you int a eni rorrecinte At rreatly ie sen alli give youp csent. en -tte veoesud cuttire, und yeur suecentions for preeoate a oficiel reqtt to your

pente his beet rovarls. Rozosber ts kindly to you roesbor h ntit i vern et your house at the

74-53

3

91,500

[PAGE 88]
winen tho tornado paased by nnd we all floodod out going C tallove 1 told you thotma hed o aud that rover vas a  cots wslcote, C 1 Toll recontly had the deubtful plsasure or discoyaring tor nytgir what 10689880s. a sterlirg end uuxavering integrity C

Yours alrcorely,

T ioltinatgsosiate frofossor

[PAGE 89]
our reciy to "y prcooal. exrressin) your interest. re yet in eelli terr, I nave pseares a revision cd over th? rannnytit rr time tha 1

i  itinit r aterost fo ye !nse to the de teicu vourr duznn first besi taintan e ait t: re axlou t rai wr corressordc itr e custer.1 teonle whe whhbave . trizetior of the vius, aad sovcausnty. corretrnde dth troe e fins!ly wil! invite to tattcipae.t t ase gn zork iernss  plas or pobicatice, C ravide, ef orse, ftyar ai. uarte to tarticipate in this sudsldy.

kcei1 an tpa  ecive anuter froa alecueh I o wet vet kaee te specifics of treir preposdì snd thers do ret  dsther 1 sll aceert.I waton this brcane, shosld1
ecent du offer fror. i shoule tke to botd tho Conference here. The oave expreased keen lotarest
ahisistrative oflictals ei in th projet, l ec. to desire to deseloo other inteesisciptlzaty projects Is fuilytcara of uese conslderatlens and,
2re uev he wisué retoín t cre e con work losely tocether rtecar h,ta telly cogreciates that I must do vhat seens best for
rv iuture preness. Sr uid I cone to acute rot t te so ative. but 1 d tee tést lf vould tili be a slgalflcant tti.

! y ie t te evislon gr tr alu tr koew that you rtthras b: aale to st cortributors to sit: n ta errrat cenk aces icn.I a itdeed lockin frese to hearing

C

January 30, 1959

Cy rs,

[PAGE 90]
An Intordisciplinary Syroosiua in Verbal Comnication

Eeprospectus of a sympoadun to bo held at thot during ve. school year of 1960-61 and subsequently published in book fo

Preface

NonSihf nan's capacities is so vniquely lmuan es t of verbal commn icationsnoa appears nore edgnificant to man's condion and potential. It is soproprate that tho study of langrage and connication should hold the groat comonintoxest among many disparato fieltof loarning vhich it has nou gained, hterbaps no other topie cuts aoro so many dlsoiplines. Adequato coprahshon of coomunieati.on vi.ll notea achioved vdthout draning on ccholerly roocnats throughout the rango-of s oris andsciences. Knovlodgo concorning vnious phasos of tho suloct has boen ecoualating rapidly in dlyores seodes of tho scholarlyrontier which aro even yot mostly isolatod from eacnother.

This proposed conferencsadll ba untuoin its broad renge of particlpation by Jeading schofa fron l sections of tho frontler in comurication research. The concenois desigrod to provldo above all, for tho sharing cnd intor-stimlatoof theories and concepts uhdich can both revoal tho gaps and discropangp and intograto tha disparate findings. Tho "orecks botseen the sciences" y thos exposod toward the end of unifying a sedonco of cormartioath.

Plar

Scholars vho are regared by thoir colleaguénad outstanding contrlbutors to kouledge of hun verbal cormmication vhl. be invited to subnit papors. Bach will bo eoureged to devolop his toptain-hisou vay but to rolato the findings ofhs study with those in cognatoblisciplines and with trooretical formlatds of his cumn.A preliminary-lisoof topios and contributors is attoed.

Copies of thgsymposiun papers vill bo distributed to'oference particlponts in advaco. Teo representatives from not nore thaitach of fiity wiversities wike be invitod to participate as auditors, quostéeeres and di scussants.

The symsiun will divide into five sections, presented over aoricd of five coneecutive days, and will. bo lindtod to teenty-five or fower papers. Tae Hinit is prescribed in order to insure the huighest qualios of partictation and to oucompass the published symposiun vithin a singl. voluns.

Qubstlons ant ditcussion vill follos cach paper and oach seotion. Theso vill bo transcribod and edited for publication.

74-55

[PAGE 91]
Tentativo Topies and Contelbutors

(Physlcal Procossos)

(Tho Symbolie Frocess)

lasstert fa rolde

reneogo Ponaetoe)

74-83-

[PAGE 92]
(Social Sciencə of Comcmniçation)

[PAGE 94]
Supplies and Expense 16.45
Telephone and Telegraph 40.10
Indirect Cost 201.00

Mro cx c czoved the submitted odituron.

January 23, 1963

[PAGE 95]
January 26, 1960

B Enclosed plcaso find tha check in the anount of \$1,535.25 wrieh reresents tae trard qunrteriy sayrent on tho crant cide to you, Univoraity for escarga on ander the direction ofA Sincerely,

[PAGE 96]
74F

B Encloscd please Nnd the toheck in the anount of \$l,535.25 uhdoh represents the second quarterl payment onathe C grant rade to year Uoivereity fer ro under tho Circetion o

This cheek is a month overduo becauss of a clerical error. Ve are extrejely sorry if this has caused you oc rconvenionee. The thiro quoprtorly payicnt will be ade to you on or about Jamary 28. 1960.

94-5-8

[PAGE 97]
O

August 10, 1959

C Deor

Thank you for your nice lotter of August 1. I am making-plens for ahfendance at both the sociology meeting and the APA, so while 1 am in that area, I shall try to drop by for a get acqualnted mocting with you. At any rate, we may ba able to chat for owhile Tn

Bost regards.

Sincerely yours,

Executive Secrotory

74-59

[PAGE 98]
It was vory good of you to. take action so soon after returnirk to your offieo. I do hope that this did not involve too Mch inconvenience on your part, elthough I rather saspect it may have. Heedless to ssy, I wes delighted to knou thst final approval hed baon etteeted agtrirl and that ths funde had already been tranasitted by the tins 1 got your latter.

I havo boen able to coatinte the rosearch without intsrruption this suseor, and I em raking good progress. 1 will from tipe to tire infora you of those specific details às rogsrde tha resoarch, and I vill, of course, file a copploto taport with you at tho tims of the coapletion of tho rocoerch, the publication of tho book snd I are waitirg, or the tereinaticn of the gront from your organisatioa.

L tolls ma that you do quito a bit of-traveling erownd tha coutry in coanection with your vork. I do hopo that I vill have tho opportwaity to seo you, not only to nako your scquaintorco, but also to discuss with you Eany eepęcta of our work which cennot adequatoly bo discuseed in a proposel swch, as I havo filed with you,. Hy sincore theaka to you snd your orgenisation for your kind conaideration end support..

[PAGE 99]
.July 28, 1959

C,B The Directors have epproved a grant to ths C In the omouot of A1 co for o recore progrom on propoced u Enckesed is our chock In the amount of \$t,585, 25 which raprosents fhe firct quorterly peyment of the grant.

Tho fellawing conditlons opply In the utilizotion of thcse funds:

1. A tevaloal report is to be submitted cfter the completion of the chase of reseouch coverod by this grent.

2. "A tenminel cccounting of funds expended In obtaining, processing and reporting dota shell bo provlded for our records.

3. After the complerion of your reseorch, any funds rontaining shell be returned to thsd

B Egulancat purcheed with these funds shall bo conveyed to the n jicu of ony Increcsed overheod rates.

5. If, at cny polat, furthor ressarch In thls crca Is deomed not B expediont or scicnifically proltosle, the hall be notliled in order to negottota for toralnation of tho grant.

6. Any technical reports or popors which grow cut of tho study supported unvler this crent sholl contain tho foliowing noticei "Thls study wos suocortcd lo rert ly o grant fron ts

Cther thoa ths obeve conditioao, It is requlred that tho funds bo expended eatirety for ths tesorrch daslgasted and that no preils sccroe to cay Individuel.

[PAGE 100]
Jμly 28, 1959

toln me In wishiog you woll In this ondeavor. Fleosg sall upon us for any asststonco that ve may bo obie to provldo.

Sincerely yours ,

Enclosure

94-61

[PAGE 101]
July 20, 1959

As you con see by the enclosod letter, your grant hos been approved, I hope the dolay In tronsmitting those fonds has not coused you too much Inconvonichce.

Ths Board of Directors and the sclontific advisors to the Soclety jola mo in wishing yoy well In this endsavor. Pleeso call upon us for ony assis fance thot we may bo oble to provide

Sincerely yours,

Executive Socrotory

Enclosura .

74.62

[PAGE 102]
July 21, 1959

CDe

We have raceived your letter of July 15 but, unfortunotely has been cut of towo mest of thls month end will not return untll July 27. I will bring your letter fo his ottention upon his tefurn, ond I am certain that you will be hearing from him very seon.

Sincerely yours,

[PAGE 103]
Thank you for your letter inforedng mo of your board's favorablo responso to ry application. Your letter arrived in time to pormit mo to resign ry surter tosching position without inconvenienco to the depertment. Thus, I hev able-to dévote full time to the research progran. /been

Right now, wo ere continving our intsrviewing and we. are also working on a code system for handling the open-ended responses. and I are nsking good progress on the booke

I wonder if you could tell moe when your financo coraittec vill roet end approximataly hou long it will take for the transmittal of
funds.
grant, from which I an paying ry intorviewar and typist, is running los, and, of course, I am concerred about  own swanor salary. I realizo that not poch time has elapsed since I roceived your letter informing mo of your hoard's responso. I do hope this inquiry is not in poor taste.

Again, ry thanks to you and your board for your kind ccnsideration.

[PAGE 104]
MEMORANDUM FORT

SUBJECT: Project proposol,

Enclosed is thc4 proposal with a record of the vote of the Board. While the commnents are not unanimous, was of the opinion that the modesty of the proposal and the possible insights gained for \_activities well justified the expenditure, .In addition, our consultont, has strongly recommended thot this investigation be supported. ty own feelings are thad has a young, vigorous, ond growing Department thot is worthy of our interest. I shouid like to see the proposal supporled. If fits with our broad requirement of.developing means for influencing group behavior. Please noie that 1 agreed to provide an answer to the University by May 18, if at oll possible.

403 74-64

April 23, 1959

[PAGE 105]
Merch 18, 1959

C Der

Your proposal hos hasn teselved snd traasmittod. ta tho Diroctors ond rercorch olvivos of the for thelr cction.Wo fect that wo should bo obls to respond to your propozel wirhln é0 ceys fme. I foond your ideos stimu» kathyg and fhe wod you propese Intoresting cnd laperiont. I hopo that our losrd ulll soo flt to provide some support for your activity.

Sincéroly youra,

Exocuiive Secretery

74-66

[PAGE 106]
Verch 18, 1959

MEMORArDUM TO: Tho Directon

SUaJiCt: Prolect Peasaset  Pescorch Frosran eo Celegaz

tnataed ls a Cctanary rrorood to tha d ved hn tse ccevlt of to3 staay

Your coements cnd recosraendations will bs apprecioted.

[PAGE 107]
2elosed i7 ry pdieation for a crent fron yorz organiasticne I have A. teh it io fer vene ze dttso to deide, I do thizk thot vartoo frejote ia ré jeee te in tathee veu vits the pas
foes ef yer varenieatioa ss cotlined da your troshsrre. Kech of Cure
Snciis cale vite mn ceaet. or pepote of huaa babacier vaich fra
cesiy lrrorr: of tue reaiien o the

1 centics1 1a ry rrevices lottee that I ves csabee cappot piemily
for the stay or tho develorvaae o pbut alca for
the yrpuratlea of the praraariyo of tho besk Vdeh repats on taa kore
cepuets pi rbea er the poerer. 1 edoeld hare teatierod that I wona
alro liks to ve a snalt pus of Uha rorey (teebed walr the hondire astiezkd eedts tc rndrhtag ths preesantg ot the data of tho ttvly cid te lzscsater otoicsa

Thanzlee yes for yer khed ceviderstier, I oa.

Skcerely yores,

74-67

10 vebrviery 1859

[PAGE 108]
MEMORANDUM TO

SUSJECT: Froject Proposa! - Cotegory C

The proposel of which

is the principol investigator is ore thot t

disoppreve

would moke the following suggestion(s).

I regard this as a very worthwhile study which fits, I believe, within the purpose of our  The investigator has requested a very vould get much moro modest degree of help and I feel that thed
than its moneys worth out of a person who is obviously productive and has shown that he can carry thines throuph to completion. I woula heartily recommend the approval of this project.

74-68

[PAGE 109]
SUBJECT: Project Proposal - Cotegory C

The proposal of which

is the principal investigator is ona that I

opprove.

1 disapprove.

would make the following syggęstion(s). Iusld uod voh in thes welhent lene

74-68

[PAGE 110]
MEMORANDUM TO

SUBJECT: Project Proposal - Cotegory C

The proposal of which 一 is the principo! investigator is one that I

opprove.

disapprove.

would moke the following suggestion(s).

I am doubtful about this. It seems-pretty far out of our line. It is quite possible that the projoct has merit in its own field. Put the fieid of
is an enormous one, and if we get. into tt wc snould be
doing very little else.\_Ido\_not feel strongly about it, and should.net urge this point of view\_if\_a majority of the Trustees felt otherwise.

O 74-68

[PAGE 111]
Permit ro to acknoladge tho rocsipt of \$3000 froa.the for purposes of continuing with and my work on tho 1ad in conjunction with msolcal taam.

I hopə this is the information that you require\_and stand ready to bo of any furthor holp. I\_do\_wioh\_to\_say\_that\_ it ia\_our hopo to bo nble to coès back to the work which was intorrupted by the preso of othor comitoonts in the not too distant futuro.

I have oxaninid and approved the euomitted oxpencltures.

[PAGE 113]
Daar asdte

I em replying to yovr letter of February lst with apologies for being so tardy. I appreciate your enclosing the payment with your lotter sinco ay finances vere becosaing a bit tight.

FThe economy still baffles me in that some items which one might expeet to be costly-such as publlc utility is high, and en orinary sport-shirt (eanuractured at sweat-shop wagos) costs about shat it would in the U.s. 1 am most anescd, however, at the costlineas of routine clerical service. To got a tzo-page questionnaire stencil typed and l00 copies riueographed cost ne nine dollars. All in all, budgeting becones sonething of a challeno with crodits and debits assvaing unpredictable and curious proportions.

You inquired about the nature of the documentary and atatistical materials vhich I should like to use as supplemontary sourcos, For one thing, I should like to sample the narrisge cni divorce records at δ-yeer intervala for the lest 15 yeaxs,not only to discover the genoral trenls but also to note nuch significant factors es ags, ocoupation, plmce or reaidence, atc., of the indiviauala involyed. Theae files in楼 the are et tha I had hoped to get gonething of uso from the birto recorda also, but tho 1llegitimacy rate is so high (abeut that I have discardod: the idee of examining thoze.:

8 The can provide records on the educational training of tocehers and also school enrollnonts, which could bo sempled in tho sese uay as marrisge and divorce utatistics.dohclcssifications and inccsa trenda and tho nuaber,type, are recorded at the and lccetion of naz bnaipesasg cen bo discovored et the

I should also liko to get aose indications of the preval. encs (and incidence, if possiblo) of physicol and rental ilinesaes in a samplo or industrialized and non-indvstrialized communities as vall aa the trends in the causes of death for various ege groupa. Inoroases in and the distribution of doctors, nurses, and hospital and clinic faciláties would clso.be well worth recordivg.: I cen secure medical paterialsor this kind in snd tho more or losa adsquate form et the Lastly. the has pronised me accese to thoir casd-hiatory illes in enich about l50 coses are now boings kept. This is a really

7471

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unusual opiortunity, for welßere agencies are Benerally roluctent to open their filcs in this way. I beliovo the cases will reveal gomething of the consequences of rapid social chango for family roles and the individual personality.

Hox long it will take to record these materials is difficult to estimate precisely. I can secure tho geryices of one or tyo veople rho have had experience with the and who should thorefore prove nore efricient than an ordinary clerk. The work cen alao bo hastened by my providing then with sohedule forms on which to record the information. y best guoss is that the qork would cost somewhere betzeon tuo.and\_three hundred dollers. Ifa supplecent could be yrovided for the higher figure, I would naturally expect to rcturn eny unused funds to tho

Many thanks for your friendly and encoureging letter.I ! shall write egain later.to let-you know how things aro coaing along.

Sincerely yours,

AC

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[PAGE 115]
Fobrusry 1, 1960

Deara

Eaolosed is a copy of o short intcrira recort fronr t W/e vaade u crant to him for S6 Scy ca Soptembor 1 (90?. Ho cot so excited obout tina prosgect that he lona Imraodiately. This is the first vord we hiove heard from him since he has been in the field.

On pogo 3 he discussss the aveilasility of cose materials ond vital statisttes, bot point out Fhaat ho is enzblo to explolt thls hicrelf in the short time he will be tiv.re, Oo you foel that wo should catead his crent by a fow dollars whleh Is neoded to camploy cp. oscistont, or should I just offer to punch his cord for hira? Thonks for the advice.

Slncerely youss,

74-92

Enolosure

[PAGE 116]
February 1, 1960

Thank yóù fer your very Infornotive lstter of Januory 25. It sounds to re as though you are obfainlng somo mervelous field experience. I hope its cost In enorgy and enthuslosm is not prohibitive.

Iom not disturbed by ths chongas you have hod to make in your destga. In behavlorot scionce I hove observed that field work usually requires this klnd of txodiffeotien. But liold work sImllor to that of the Noturelist accomplished on huaen behaviár frequenily makes as greet o contribution to thaory os expcrl: msatol manipvlotion.

It seems a shame thot the documentation avallable in tho health ond vitut siatisties cen not be obtalned durlng your data collection perlod. It is possiblo thot conkainod withln thls materlal is valldation of some of tho Indices you may cctually be studying. Po you have ony Idea how much the services of on ossistent would be for tho perlod of time necescary fo colleet the dota? Can you provida more substantive Informctlon obout tho flles cnd fheir relevonce? Atlochad Is our check for \$3, C30 reprcsenting flnal poyaront on your grent.

Best regaide.

SIncerely yours,

fáal

[PAGE 117]
Desr kr aa

I vent, firot of all, to thenk you for your Christmas card. It was especlally woicono sinco I was firdint it dirfioult to believo thct tho Christnss season hed roelly arrived, vhst vith the temperature in tho high 0ota every dey anl the treditional during the holidays.

I bave baen nespins to writo you for sovoral seeks to let yoeí know how ry projeot is going. So far it has been 2 mixture of succosses and failures. Things are aoving along quite voll at prosent, bat the first too months wero fruatrating in tho extrome. I soon digeovered that living coats hero are for higher than I hed anticipated--although I knsa bofopohand that soe itans sould be expensive. Crizinally I hed plamned, as you kpog, to take up roaidonce for several nonths in a succession of villegos. Rentalaf&pyreanent houe-baro.uithirrocoh of tho University and e proved so high, hosevor, that to aleo secure rooa and board in tho-rield beccme prohibitivs. Zho éond problen:I encountered vas transportation. Publie facilities in ths sgetropoliton" aran ore adequate, but the ruzal arcas aro. aostly noserved oropst by trucks and dozkeys, both oxceodingly sloa ond wroliable. Renco, I bought a auall, ovor-prioed socond\~ hl car. This I did with en apprehengion which vas well justiried, for it has dotoloped o quito remarhable serios of msjor aná plaez 1llnssses. Xet in all justies to the mschino, it has go ¿oalpeyo gottsa ms hono, even Iron oxceediorly renoto villeges in tho noautoins.(Sronpectodly, even miueogruphirz haa becons a pajor itos oX oxparge. To havo e tuo-page ateneil cut and l00 copies of eacd pese nrh off costs oigdt dollars and fifty cents)

Ny insbility to ropide in the field made the arrangirg of intezçleva dirfienlt. lhch too puch tige was boizs conawaod in simply locating interviovoes. Bence, I decided that the only vay to epsed up ry datu collqoting vould bo to switch to group intorviova and quoaticanairos. (Tha latter I hove had to sinpliry bocouse of tho reor-dllitoracy of mepy rurel people.) Kortunately, there aro nars orgenizod groups which I can utilisa even in the Eaall villares. Th2ae.crcops havo boon forged arong tho non chierly ty the tamd.anops tho vomon by the lowaser pooplo ere giuileriy osgtmtcod of the

6 ep spz vorking throngh thece grouyo to got at the poople'a

O

94.94

Jnd. 05, 1000

[PAGE 118]
attitudes tovard varicus changes, and at their reasons for accepting or rejecting those changes. Usirg groups mosns that I can include more people than I hed originelly thought possible. It elso mesns, of course, a sacrifice of much of the depth which can besecured through individual interviews. The prossure of tine has lert me little choice, hovever. Too, I have been able to add a dimension not inclused in the original proposal; I an collecting data on the. agencies largoly resyonsible for changes in the villages, nawely, the and similar organizations. Ragerding thess, I an trying to get at the image vhich the field-agents have of their organizations' projects; also their 'sssessment of the factors imvolved in such ylanned changes end of the people torerd whom the projects ezo directed. Khat vill, I hope, result will.be a picture of the interaction betveen certain: agcncies of change and the huean tergets of change, not merely a discription of the changes themselves.

Ny initial work on the.project bes been in a quite isolated
Yons vhich has been oxposed
region here neer tho Patterened somevhat after the T.V.a.s itis progran Ls includes soil to en agency known as tne rehabilitaréon and conservation, reforn of-farming practices,
enà comanity and hone development. The Authority's chairman
and the various field sgents-as well as the people of the valley-- hsve baen extremely co-operative, and i feel that I have collected some interesting material despite a slow stard. Furthersore,
the changes occurring hare are even more relevant to the fieid then those I had lanned to deal uith in my
of
originsl trospoctus. I might add that the is a groving and rrngroving eres, many of the viliages lying pore thamSo00 foct above sea-level.Vegotables and florers are also grogn, but physical erosion and huan conservatian have mede tho work of the Authority difficult. The villeges lack.eithor electricity or telephone, and the rosds are acarçely noze-than-im=
provéjdonkey trails. Driving these roeds is a rather adventurous buainess. ihey clinb stoeply, tura at blind right angles around sheer eliffs, and rerely sport the luxury of guard-raila. I
have frquentiy had to postpone tripa into the aroa, becaune eny heavy rain brings on landalidos of sufiiciont size to block the road. Clearinz tho vey is uaually done by hand-labor though cecasionally bulldozors áre usod. Losd this sound overly dramatic, lot es sey I have not been rwmning any actual-risks.But the driving is a good bit aore exciting than arything I have encoumtered in
tho U.G. I v1ll shortly Ehile continuing the vork inthe!
ba Catting a aiailar survey under Way through the sane threo egcneies in.another region for comparative purposea. Folloaing that I plen to collect materials in quite dirreront fields in both rural sol nea-rural cosmunities. Those vill bo concorned vith specifie progroms in publie health, birth control, and odycation. Althouzh tha obloctives aro vulike those of ther.
or the agencies involved are nevortholoss promotipg cany innovations.tcain, spart froz
aóseovering just hos much chenge is occurin3, Ihopo to find out

-2.

0

74-74

[PAGE 119]
whether the: patterns or interaction between egency personnel and the people are sinilar and whether comparable obstacles to change ox1st,

In short, the appronch of my project hsg shifted from community studies to case studies. vbile my results may have woro limited theorotical:1mplications than might have been the case in the project I originally proposed, I think there is real value in expanding it'aaubatantive scope. The-changes-which are taking plece go far beyond tho family, the area to uhich my firat propectus vas linited. Trensforsations are going on rapidly and are much loss related to thera induetry then 1 had thought eerlier.

One thing dhaays ne. Mere is a vealth of documontary and stat-.- istical Baterial which I shell not even be able to tep for lack of tine. There are, for oxample surprisingly cosplete records kept by perious agencies concerned with health, case watorials accusuláted by fanily guidance agencies, vital statiatics, ete. I very mueh regret that I did not originally-plan for adequate asastance vhich would have enabled ne to rocord such valuable source meterials. Would it bo appropriate for ne to request a small supplenent for edditional assistance in this work?

I hope 1 havé given you sone notion of what I am doing and the déréetica tha project is taking. I hope also that neithər you nor tho will find the altorations disappointiug. They havo bes nsde only bscauso of tho prossuro of circuostances. It is my oea feeling that the alterations constitute both gains.and losses, with the gains being the greater.

It vould be absurd for no to try toexpress odqquately my gratitude to the for making this vork possible. Apert froa tha material vhien is being colleeted, and I hope a fair amount of. it will be publichable, tha experience simply of being in an under-dovelopod region and doing the field vork is trosenduous.

Tere is no quostion but that my research end tesching in ths future will bo merkodly effectod by tho work I en doing here.

Ey profound thanks to the bo vriting again later. end to you porsonally. I shall

Sincerely  yours,

Pis Kindly forgive the eppeertnce of tir lotkr Phe typeuriter which I borrar bes pecolizritits which vary fran manent to manent.

74-74

[PAGE 120]
Septerber 1 1959.

In confiraticn o the vori:us telephone conversstions you have had with Nr tand szeelf, te are happy to inforn yon trat tir Board of Directors have ao. roved your grant in tho amont o7 6.cco.co for your study of 1 In accorderee vith your vish, we rill cake tho grent to you in soi-anrual pNeyvznts. Ths first of those p-yments is enclosed sn: the sesoad pxaent wilì be dne on sarch lst.

The only couuition that applies to the use of those funds is thot or teeroical reports or vaprs whieh poz out of the stvies sarported undor this grant shadl contain the following Lotlcet 1reao studies Fero coortel in chrt oy-a grant froa the

The Doard of Birectors. Ir.and the soientific advisors to the join re in tishing you vell in this endeavor. Flesso csll upon us for eny a-sistanco thot wo wcay ba able to provide.

Sinoerely,

74-95

Fnclosure

[PAGE 121]
Jevo 2, 1759 :

MOMCAN UM T Teo Clrasten

C.B A on Or at ny tecetoct es fallovst

4 ah aod V3 bow to study cocl dóonco ora sf vo ae to sto ter ro: ld dlenging 4 4P.9,

Tas cen's crrsaca rsass fer roce pochbtieotod caa rezt cnd tho noton o. cxaporing sovral conusites ro cols truetwc ls crsot.

中to te thcory

"t don't koow the een, kut ho iceant lhs cooa very woll. "

lera 1) 0 1roco3 icas la caalan yau to o dechion pocsvasaaco pad tooglnabioa vo 3h2011 02 00 A t ct shãs yo at tho end os 品 wdch coals evolwdo to deterr in

fon 2

[PAGE 122]
Gentlemen:

I eu cncloping ny propoual Por a ctudy of cone of the consequences of econonic chonge in ky prccis covera, :I hopo adequately, the points of inforsation inejnded in your "Inotructions for Sabnission of a Procosal." It includes elso a fey other items vhich I thought might de os interest.

C A letter I redoived from acarlier indicated that it was rather unlikely thet applications for l95y vonid te coneldered at this tine since Dunds are alreedy lergely conaittod. She did not state, hovever, that euch opplications vould be corplotcly ruled out o? considexation. For dhis veason, and becauee I failed to inauiro uhat budget limitations exist, I have decorabed three alternative tine-tables ond tuo alternative budgets.

If my proposal eppeare obscure or incosplete in any respoct, I sbould greatly appreciate the opportunity to clazify or elaborato such points os you may single out.

74-H6

[PAGE 123]
Ooiectives

The project proposed here has two, related objeetives, One is to secure a description\_of zecsnt changes in certaia aapocts of the economic and the family systeme of. The second objective is to discover how changes in roles within the fanily come about and the extent to which they are associated with alterations in the econonic life of the people. In other vords; What is the relationship détween chasges in ecosomie voles. on the one hand, and on the other hand, changes in poople's expectations concerning femily zoles and their behavioral. confornity or non-conformity vith thoss expectational

The osphasis on role as an analytical concept in the present proposal is derived froia its boing a major element in the social systens of human sooiety. Nodification of these systens is the process usually conceived as cocial change.

ly imaodiato plens for materisls gathered are to use them as tho basis for a monograph on the relation detuson economic change and fanily stracture as wall as for articles in professionel journals. I hope thoreaftar to uadertake e tezt on social chonge vhich would incorporate not only the descriptive date. on bat which vould, more irportantly perbaps, utilizo my theoretical results concerhing role gs a freme o2 referenco.

Beyond those imrediato projects, I intond to continue my teaching and research in the field of change with the hope of stienlating others to make it a major srea of stady. The ultimate objeotivo. of cowrse. is inereased understanding and prediction of tho social consequences which may be expected when man's relatioaship vith his enviroanoat is altered. I should like to\_think, more specifically,.that. within another sis or sevea ycars a retorn toslnight bo possible in order to follow the kinds of develoomenta encompaseed ly" the present study.

Mathod

ezhibita cbaracteristics making it idealfor an analysis of-social.
L change. Recent and papid econonic innovations bave cccurred in a fev cortnnities
S uith the edvent o tis involved econonic trenstormabions over a-longes poriod of time.Co discover the In severol other communities... has fisplications of these econonic forces, I proposo to conpare a Tond a mining commaaity vith cach otbex and both of those with a third communty still anchored tin she traditional agrorian way of life that predominates

Interviews and questionnaires vill be directed at a semple of approximately 50 of the xosidents of a representative agricultural community to discover hov they define the xichts anl duties of such family statuses\* as father, son, vife, ete. (The samples will inolude the youth and elders as well as the parentel generation vithin the family.) A small number of interviews will oxtend beyond scheduled queations in order to schieve greater depth and to aid in interpreting the quantitative dota.

\*A given status may, of covrse. coaprise several rolcs. The, status "father", for oxple, ray include ouch component roles as disciplirarian, teacher, companion, etc., with relaticn to the status-occupaut's children.

74-76

SCCIAL CHANGR JI

[PAGE 124]
In sleilor Tasiion; date on role-expeetattons will be secvred from 5o residents in each of two commaunities which have been transformed intoend conters to peroit comparisons among three cosumnities ualiko in their econonio stiucturc.

Several. weeks after the initial interviev concerning role-expectations, cach respondent vill bo. Sntcrviewed again to ascertain his role-behavior with reupeet to his fomily statuses.\* Thos, conpuriaons can te made to reveal which statuscs end roles are nost marked by behavioral deviations and whether the deviations are more prevalent in the econonically chenging communities.

Sobedvles vill be smployed durirg the intervievs in order thet results vill bo sufficiently uniforz. and sccurate to lend thenselves to statistical analysis. Questiors vill pernit a range of answers from eztrenely positive to oxtrenely. 11 nogative ao thst degraes of commitrent end conformnity to role-expectstions can le asccrtaiaeù. It ehould be possible to suprlement the intervievo with questioncaires aäuinistercd to larger samples of residents during meetings of comaunity organisations and - in the case of younger respondents - âuring sehool hovrs.

Ixpotlases

l. Soue deviations in bebavior from role-espectations\*\* will occur in án econonicelly stable commmity,as voll as in economically chonging cosanuities.

2. Eehavioral deviations will be more prevalent in an economically changing cosaity than in an cconomically stablo ono vith roepect to those role-expectations vhich are choracteristic of both kinds of commonities.....

3. A sigqificant difference vill exist betveen role-expectations in an econonically stsble ccnaity and expectations concerning the same roles in comanities vhich hove undorgone either carly or recent economic transforaations.

4. Compared with en economically stable community. there vill be moro difference in tho rolerexpectations in a commnity which has teen uadorgoing econonde chango for a long period than in one vhere.economicchange has been relajively recant.

5.Haxlen eoasamsns concerning role-oxpectations vill bo found vithin an economically steble community, less consensus within a coamunity charactexized by rocent ecoromic changes, and minimus consensus within a coamunity where econopic ebange has been of rolatively long duratien.

6. Withia a given status there is at least one role vhich is especially signixloant to the stzucture of thot status and vhich might therefore be.called a "pivotal" role. Its significance may be partially exprcssed in the hypothesis that altęration of a pivotal role vill pore frequertly involve changes in other roles encompopsed b the. same status thaa when the initial alteration occurs in a role which is not pivotal.

C el am indabtod to ny colleogue, for suggestins this techniope which be used successiully dnring his field work in the

\*In ell the hypotbeaes, roference to roles and statuses pertain to those vitbin the family.

C

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[PAGE 125]
7. Alteration of a pivotal role in one status will nore frequently involve chanzos in roles encoapassed by related status then sien the inltiel alteration qconrs in a role shich is not pivotel.

Significance of the Froleot

Ono circuotsnce contributing to the significanco of the study proposed here ia the fact that very little is knovn about vocont chezges in an area of increasing economic and political importance in thc From a thooretical point of view, tho project's significanoo lies in its deperture from traditional studies of sociel change. Whereas much vork in this field bas involved deneriptions - often imprcosionistic - of brced trends in societies as a whole. the intontion here is to employ a more restricted and more rigorous approach to the subject.

It might bo added that the concept of role, though holding great pronise for the study of social change, has previously been little used for this purpose. That hitherto unexplored facets of the problen can be opened up is indicated by the hypotbeees posed above. Additionel facets vhich are not covered by these hypotheses and which cannot now be anticipated will inevitably be suggested as the work procoeds. Frosh leade for analysis vill, it is hoped, be discovored end new theoretical questions xaieed. For example, shoold hypotheses f6 and \$7 be voriried. pivotal role would prove to be a bighly useful and porhays a key concept for furthey studies in social obange.

In short, pole should prove to be an exceedingly useful concept in pin-pointing what happons to the ináividul and tho groups to which he belozgs vhen one aspectin this case. the economicof hia life is altered. Vhile not stated in my hypotheses, I suspect that in the case of cociety. the pivotal role of both nother and father is the role o? breedvintef. Typioally, the male or feasle bead of the family has lived close to ths soil ond has ected as superintendent and leader of the family's joint egriculturel efforts.. Vhen this fanily head. becomes dependent upon wages. is hinself subordinated to the dircctions of others, and becomes occupatiopally isolated fros spouce and clildren, many elementa are neceaserily altered: his conception of himself, their corceptions of him, and the various zole relationships which identify them ell with the fomily unit.

Tine Reonired for she Eroject

f and Field vors is prcoedingly tinerconkegingiespecialy luring its iuisial stages materials for this projoet can be gatbered in less than trelve months. To permit sone preliminary opalysis in order that geps in the data tay be discovered and filled by brief roturns to the field. an eighteen-month period would be preferable. One factor is, of course, the qnality and anount of nssistance (referred to below) f vhich can be secured fron thek

\*Varioue strdies have, of course, boon done in the arca, many of then roported 1n the quorterly, Three booke on the aron cre Theso vorks hnve been concornod-chiefly with existing social patterns and problems rather than with social change.

O

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3

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Funda Recaized

Tho funds needed for the project will dopend upon the amount of time spont in the ficld. Sabtatical leave arrangements are sufficiently flexiblo to pernit one of tvo plens: I may leave in Avgust, l959, and to awey for the year at half salary or I mey leave in February, l960, and be avay for.six moaths at full salary. Originally, I had hoped to follov the former plau, but if financiel aseistance cannot ba assured catil l960, I could not leave until February. In this case, 1 vould hope to bo cble to eztend my stay thoovgh the acedemic year 1960-196l on a leave of absence vithout salary. A third altophative woald be, if necossary, to limit my leave of absosce vivhout salary to the fall semester only, leaving in February, l960. ard retvrning in January, 196l. Budget-wise, the first and third alternatives vould require the same aout of financial aid; the second alternative would cost about 75% noro, bat voald increaee enoxmously the scope of the etudy. In round figorea, the twelve-month plans vould reqaire a grant of \$6,000, the eighteep-month plan. a grant of81l,000.

Twelve-nonth Budget

Transportation isportation

\$500.00 This figure inobudes my peraqpal rouod-trip fare tor and an estirate cf the cost. of noving about

Sabsistance: furãs in lieu of calary.

\$1,500.00

ly salary vezt year vill be \$9000 if the nevly proposed scale is establiohed, \$8,400 i2 it in not. Whethep fands in lieu of palary ere distributed over trelve months or conoontrated in the fall semester. the figuro vould be. identical.

Tape recovãer

\$ 300.00

This is to be uoed to vecord unstructured iatervievs, i.e., those. which are not restricted by "yes" ond "no" ansvers end which perait the respoedont to talk freely with-a-minima-of-directiou. It also permits the intervieving of several persons ainultaneouoly and docamente the interaction tetwoon the reopondenta.

Assistants

\$ Y 700.00

This is primarily for the kind of essistance in the field desczibed below wader "Asuistance and Facilities". but it is also for assistanco in coding toaterials to be tranaferred to lbk cards.

Total

\$6.000.00

Eighteou-ronth Brdget

Transportation \$650.00 This ie l te otiire for fare to and from and

Subsistance: funds in lieu of calary. \$9,000.00
Lape vocordor 300.00

Assistants

Cotal

O

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Fecilitien end Aseiscance

I have the asourance of end chat office erece librery facilisies, etc., vill be mode available to me and that the vill co-opereto in.every vay pocsiblo. tanthropologiot and recantly has also written me that "ro yould velcome thie assoeration and support your project." (Unfortunately reference.to "suprort" does not include financial belpsince the funds are restricted R to ite owu starf.)

3 I gball. of couree, soek the advice of the. h,anthropologiste and sociologists in selecting representative cormuuities of the three trcss deacribed carlier, It is alco my hopo to secure student assistapce from the to accelorate esteblishing ravport vith cormunity residento, to aid in my acquiring eaxly fecility vith the ratber difficult uand to illuminate aspects of the econonic and family lise which night be discovered too late for maxinum utility.

Profensionel Record ana Previong Vork

Since the voc is to bo deno incollection of primnry data cannot be started until I .arrive in the field. Neanvhile, i have been acquainting myself with the aroa through the customary perusal of and noteztaking on ayailable materialo In addition to the volnpcs citod on rose.3, issueg or (published by thce pertinent to my project have heen conaulted as have three vnpuolished doctoral dissertations baged-on field vork in

Progresa of ¿n indivcct kind han toon pade in the diroction of pre-tcoting certain qnestiens fer the interviev schodule. This has been dono in connection with my investigaticn locally gf chanzinz coles of older fsmily members, a projoct supported by a Tho data -in hand have been seoured thxovah four hundred cucatlonacivcs which have been coded aud the results of vhich are now boing procosgod on Hll cards. A major objective of this project

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, ia to throw light on genoral aopccto of role anà role chenge in cnticipotion of the broador study to bg dona in 1 should rerhona cdd that my povticipation aa o. in 1958 vas largely notived by nz convicoion that fa oge df gevoral fiol.ds ubich can provide valuable copcrote data tor the énalysis of social ohange.

Actually. my professionel intorcst in cociel chonge datos back about six years. end for threo years I havo boen tesching both e greduato and gaamlereraduato B.C conzse ¿n tho eabject, Knowing of ny iutqroat in the field, fovr. yeora.eso spasested tlat.1.maderteke.a volune on The study uhich roonlted, is therefore concernod vith sooial chavge inaofar eo that area could bo incorpovated vithout obscuriog the book's najor objeotive. Sinco completing that vork, I have cope to fecl that, for the yurposes of illyinating tho problen of sooial.change, rprovide a leas C prouising boáy of data then does a ssaller social syston suon as the family.

Other Sorcea Ansiatonce

B I bave witten to the Its direotor hae ecrpressed sn intoreat in ay proposal, but the deadlin eyplicatlons for 1959.l960 had passed before Lspplied.Thene is no doubt that
C sone Gssistance vill-be foxthconing from our
B its fonda ere extrenely limáted, hovover, end anues serve a fsculty of over grants are alveys vory modest. As a reault,\_I caumnot hope\_for nore tban \$soo fron this source.

O C

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[PAGE 130]
A Memoradum to:

CSubject: Pioject

C,B Enclosed is a suinmary report of the Further producis will be forthcoming, but f possibly you would like this description to become a part of your file on the task.

You will note that, as Informally agreed, approval has been given for the use of urexpended funds for continuation of thc work. . A final accounting will be rondered on completion,

C Enclosure

A

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April 25, 1961

[PAGE 131]
Thonk you very much for your letter of Morch 29 arud your ropeit wmasary. It soons to res that you txrve boon most productive end, of course, wo oro gratiflod to have boen a part of your work,

A diicveslen ef your exqponditures with my Finonco Ccamittes hes rssulted In cpproral fyr the wa of tha left over funés In contirwatlea of your exsk. We eill reçolre e ternlral accountlrg ef the furss ued end acknowl-B gagresnt of thsae suppert for eny additional work caspleted.

Aguln, we ore pleceed with the progress and hopa you wlll kosp us Inferead es the workt goss oleng.

Slncerely yours,

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Aprll 25, 1961

[PAGE 132]
Enclossd is a. copy of ry roport. covering ths teo years March, 1959- Paroh, 156l, for whioh them Eore copies uader separate cóver. grent vas glvea. I as sending you soverel

In view of tho saltiple soarcos-or financiel support for cur work, I have inoludod in tho report all of tha studieo related to the adjuetmant and assialletioa of imigrents oarrled cut by our Depertvent of Poycbologf. The csareés of financg ere 1ndicated soparatoly for esch -projoot.

The Vnivorsity Locsyatent hes eot yet.boan able.to complete the figaree en tho expsodituce or frard srant.Ky catinate of the current balacoe is 825oo, tat this oould be és00 say froa the trué figare. The reasoa for'thia roeidua io partly that tho wnexpeatedly provided certain required sarvioes (eopecially reoceroh graats eni typing end conputió cerviozo) and partly to the rélative unavailability in this ieolated cosmaity of tho psychologkste who vére requircd to do the research sork end to repleco af teaching cervices.

Porpeal-bt tto doooriptiono.of the stuáles iu tha report will sasw that. coveral of shss ara atill in process of emelyeia ead preparatien for publicatiens Thore ia eaoegh mstoxial to oocupy iy tids durieg the next fear, end perhsps for tho next tee, in writisg thes up for pablioation. I thareiora requoet your Eoaxt of Diroctore to allow ee to rotain the balanoa of ths fupds to neet further costo of (a) teachins replacement for ma, if this ahould be feasible, (b) couputational end typing coote end (c) othor publication ceets. i

as coonas.1t-cen-te coepiled.

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INTRODUCTION.

Studies on the aljustmont of iamigrants heve foraed a notzble pert in the sociological literature of the first half of the 20th Century... Readily therg: comes to mind such studics as The Polish Peasant by Thomes end Znaniocki, The-Ghetto by Iouis Wirth, Inmigration and Assimilátion by H.O,Duncñn or Americans in the Making by W. C. Smith.

Tho sources of the matoricl used in these. studieo. hovc. been: historical. documents, personal.documents and testimony, demographic. reconds and ecological material (crime-and -suicide rutes, for example)........

These data have traditionally been treated as, group phonomona sometimes illustratod by life history reports, and the invostigations havo seldom usod eny of the more exaet techniques that have been develepod in recent years by the behaviourel sciencos. The published reports sometimes come closo to being journolistie descriptions rather than scientific stetoments; doubt often exists regarding the ropresentatives of the samples used, the objectivity of the data gathored cnd the soundnoss of the interpretations that are mcde. A review of the litorature would suggest that little attenpt has been nade to consider the dcgree to which genoralizetions ean bo made eithor between different ethmic groups or between immigrants inte different countries. .

In 1952 a sories of studies into tho adjustment and assinilation of imigrants in was, ineugurated at the with an invostigation by Into changos in the attitudes of imaigrants in thcir first yeer after arrival. In this cnd in subsequent studies of immigrants, c social psychologicel epproach was adopted, ahd the data were colloctod by both questionnnire and intorview schedulo, Correlation coefficients, factor cralysis, cumulative soaling and other statistical tochniques have been usod to study the relationships betwcen the various noasures of adjustncnt and assinilation and othor backgrount voriables such as sox, oge, ccononic cireumstanees, homo backgreund, morital stztus, length and place of rosidoncc in A uniquc fonture of some of tho studics has been the uso of an fcontrol group in order to pssoss tho ncning of somo of the measures obteinod.

In order to cneble comparativo atudics to bo carried out on cocial essimilation, attempts h vo been nado to develop a standard conceptunl schme which is applicable fully or in purt to cll relovont situations. Thuo (1957) prosented a tentutivo model. for this purposo analyzing frotoro suoh as tho imnlgrnts! attiludo towads the now country, tho nccommodation of his

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bohaviour, his acquisition of the now culture, his identifieations and roforonce groups, tho odaptation of his social norao and valuos and the attitudes towards tho assinilgtion of immigrants hold by imaigranbs and by

This mlti-aspect model has coptributed to sone of the concepts used in most of tho irvestigations at' the and especiajly to those by on the assinilation of trainees into thg ton the -assimilation irmigrants. A completely revised version 3s being uscd in the planning of the current study of the assimilation of imaigrants chiltren by (see bolou)

The studies by heve concentrated on three uspeets of the adjustnent and assinilation process: satisfection, identification ond acculturation. He has dovised standard methods of aeasuring theso which havo been used in similer for in several of thc studies.

It is hoped that thoso attorpts to develop a gereralizable conceptuel. schere and standard researeh tocls wall cnable further comparative studies to bo earried out, and will ultimately further the.desirable extonsion of the insights gathored in the field of social assimilation to the general body of behavioursl science theory. FINANCE AND STAFT.

The finance for the studies came from threc sourees:the twhich has provided research grant salaries to students, typing and computational. assistance and general maintenance expenscs. The gave a most genercus grunt to tho University to provide half-tire replacenent for toaching services for two years, to pay the salary of reseorch assistants, anì to subsidize travel, publication costs and general running expensos,

The provided a grant to cover interviewring exponses in the lorge scale investigation by À imigrants in Staff ard unpaid research studonts engaged on the varia  pro jects Merch 1959 - February 1961 wore as follow:-

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and the folloring sonior undergraduato studentst-

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INTERSTATE AND IFTERNATIONAL CO-CRDINATION

In 196made a short trip to and the to investigate work on the assinilation of imaigrants and studics 2 of emigronts.. This trip which was financed byproved to bo a valuable source of inforaation on current work. The observations are: summarizod in the report of April 1960.

conferonce on tho adjustnent of imnigrants which was catlcd at the
This trip was subsidized by the The proccedings, including Dr. papor and Dr. two papors, are boing edited by Dr. and published in duplicated form by tho
SUNARY OF RESEARCH PROJECTS CARRIED OUT.

The principel.research worker and the sources of financial support ere inlicated.

1..Imnigrant valnes qucstionnaire.

C (Principal rescarch worker assisted by BSupported conpletely by

In order to study the relationships between the assinilation of iraigrants and the convergence of their opinions and values to norus, it is necossary to have a list of such norms. À pool of items was drawn up on which it. was thought tha and imaigrants would have different opinions, and after validation and cross-validation were carried out on imaigrants of varying origin and educational, standard, a seale of 20 itoas was dovised. This scale was subszquently shown to relate to other measures of-the degree-of-acculturation ofanddimmigrants. Thus, a useablc instrumont has boen devised for mcasuring convergenco of norms.

value questionuaire also serves to high-lignt sore reprosontative values with which imaigrants must come to grips in the course of assinilation.

c.5 Compared with imigrants appoar to valuo conformity rather than sele-oxpression,superficial-rather than intinato social contact, they are socio-ogalitarians, but are loss tender-ninded concerning hunan rolations, and thoy are less pessinistie about the future of the World than tho immigrants.

Dublicationi It is plonned to write a journal articlo on tho construction of tho value scalo.

2, The role of rclirious institutions in tho edjustnont of riraigrants. (Principel research worker: thesis supervisor; . Supported completely by

D The ain is to study tho cffoet of religious affiliation, or"
C non-affiliation, on tho odjustnent and assinilation ofumigrants. Variablos includo tho degroe of goneral and specific sntisfnetien of noeds, neculturation, socinl porticipation, naturalisation and idcntification with

[PAGE 136]
of factors in the varicus religious inotitutions such as their cohesion and their ethnic idcntification. The Questiommaires were sent out by mail and 654 useablo roplies vere received, which represented 54 per cont of possible eligible rcsponlents.

A Factor Analysis was corried out snd after rotation thrce factors energod. Tho first has been celled Satisfaction; the socond is Language, but it moy be regarded as an acculturation factor. It includes. facility withA pn arrival and at tho prçsent timo, years of education, end the difficulty of mcking the necessury adjustment. The third factor is that of Identification which includes naturalisation, nationality of friends, mombership in voluntary orgunisations and the ossessment of ono's own identification.  When groups were compared on these scales, it was found that the

group was lovest on ell thrce. Also low on;Satisfaction were the Highest on this soale were the and Congrogations together with the came out highost. On the Idontification scale the group came .out lcw. while the and in ongregatiors together vithe bame out higbest.

The analysis is procecding and the results are boing incorporated in Mr. ihesis. Publication will te considered after tho thesis hes been presented.

3.The assimilation oiaimnisrants. f,B (Principal rosenreh wader Major finoncial support fror thesis supervisor fand part support frot The aim of thc study was to investigato factors related tothe

C assimilation of post-war immigrants. A sonple of l18immigrants (mothers and fathers) wére given an extepsive interview in their homics. Some.preliminary romlts:Foctors such es nixed marrieges, or level. of cducation, which have beon conventionally.aecepted as enhaneing assimilation were not significantly related to it, Other sactors such as tho feeling of culture superiority, ofton cxhibitod by inmigronts coming fron proved
C to be highly significandly re)ated to assimilation.

An enqiiry into tho attitudes of parents to the assimilation of their children proved most rewarding and intcresting. A hirh corrolation was found between tho parents' own assimilation and their attitude towards the assimiletion of thoir childron. There wero no parcnts who possessed both poaitive attitudes to thcir oun assinilation and nogetivo attitudes to.their childron's assimilation.

Rogrossion in assinilation occurred in a relatively high pxoportion of the iamigrants. In this rospect two typos of immigrunts may be discerned: immigrants who regross in thcir identificntion with ut still anintain contacts with thom, orid thoso who cease to idontify and withdraw from tho group, sovoring sll connectiors vith it. In this last group, rogreosion oecurs both at the pogchologicnl and the overt behavioucnl lcvels. llaving rojoincd the cthnic group there iruigrants uso tho.rianguago lous frequcntly, have fcwer contacta with and gonerally appoar lces asoainilated than before.

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The study will bo presented as a Ph.D. dissortation by within the next twelve months.:

C4.Tho assimilation q1 rintellectuals. FC,B (Principel research workors. Supported complotely by and

B.C In 1955 node  study by moil questiononire of the cssimilation of maledt. pntollcotuals residing in who had cone to as refugcos in tho périod Fifty useable replies were received (58 per cont of tho population) which covered vorious aspocts of acculturation, Jangusge knovledge, attitudes to end and convergence of opinionsto

Sone of the more intorosting findings: it was yorified that social participation wi was rolated to a favourable attitudo tovords assimilation, but that sone coanant ofrrswas a pre-requisite : for this participatior, Othorwiso comaart bore no relationship to attitude towards assimilation. Narriod nen wero moro-favourable-to assimilation than wore úmarried.

In 1960 the questionnaire was mailod again to the.. F: intellectuals still rcsiding in Fifty-onc replies were reccived (80 per cont of the eligible subjccts) of whon 34 had previously replied in 1955 (85 per cont of those still residing in The administrstion of the questionnaire on two occasions

enabled changes to be studied and it was noted that the inerease in identificof tion witha Puring the five yoars interim period was tarked, tut there was little incrcoso in adjustaent. satisfaction or acsulturation variables. The variables on both oceasions wore intercorrelated ani factor analyzed end. four factora were found which showed a similar pattern of Joadings on both occasions. Those wore ndaed Satisfactiop, Social nnd Occupational Adjustment, Identification tnd Aeculturation. Thero wos also a nore general. factor which was called Intogration.

C    ion and on this study

F,C 2. Assinilation of C. (Frinr fil rcial sh wort r m f,B Potly supportod by This study w: a conducted in a somi-solf-contained industrial ff5 corcmnity of approxinctely 2500 inhabitants on tho outskixts of This coaranlty which was noyly' forsed in 1954 conpiats of approxirately 45 por con 35 per cont omiga vts and 20 pur cont nonj irwigrante, mainly Intervicve wore conducted with a ranlom sraple of both husbands

O

[PAGE 138]
F 45 houscholds, These intervieys covered a wido rarge of the
f: topics already reforred to in connection with tho tudy described above, plus. a great deal of background moterial on the immigrant's pre and post-migration experiences and attitudes. A preliminary analysis of. the rosults suggests that there are three scales related to assimilation con-

and acculturation. These three sceles, in turn, form a scale of assimilation in which satisfaction preccdes identification, which precedes acculturation. These scales hold for both nales and females.

An avulysis has been made of the factors related to degree of assimilation ani the position of the irmigrants on the three sub-scales. Anong the findings were clcar indications that the assimilation of males is intluenced by the perceived heppiness of their wives. The wives are more. resistant to, assimilation than are their husbanls.. The findings indicate the paramount importance of satisfaction on the job for the menls.assimilation progress.

The. study has been \_written up in monograph form and has been submitted for.puolication.

6. Assimilation of .. hinmigrants inte: C Principal research worker (with the assistance of land Najor fincial sapcort fron Partly supported by This study represented a replication of tha

(see above) in the sane coumaunity, plus some other features. A sample of 40 male hesds of houseblds were interviewed
on a schodule that combined features of both thr interview study, and
the questionnaire study (2 above). Ibe iuterviews were divided at Some of those inter
randon between a interviewer and an
viewed had been respondents-in the quostiornaire study and others had failed
to respond,

fiff 3E0 to study the adjustment of ¿immigrants in a known environment. as a reliability check on the. questionnaire study. to elaborato the information obtained in the questionnaire study, and to cbtain information from non-respondents. (a) to compare data obtained by a felloy-national of the respondonts. to those obtaincd by an LU Sucspionnnire (sco alove). (sgo: alove).

f() to crons validate the to comparo rosults for this group of subjocts with those obtained for the iamigrants and otpor groupa.

f 1. The Simaigrents vere a little less satisfied than the and conoiderably loss idpntified and acculturated. A sealo analysis supported the velidity and usefulness of the C sequences proponnded by

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O

2. Sovorel. differencos wure fouxd betweon the data obtained in tho intorvicus and quaationmadre atudicc, and also between

[PAGE 139]
f the Rosults (Cont). nd the intcivicvors.. Thé-itoms that seemed to be most susccptible to change were the itoms related to the subjeots mational identification.

f An article ombodying the findings in the replication of the study is almost coapleted and it will soon be submitted for publication. It is also planmçd to write an article on the methodological implications of the study.

7. The cdiustncnt and cssimilation of immigront anl socont generation ndolescents.

(Prineipal rosecrch workers and thesis supervisor
(Princinal firanetaesupport partly-supported by ilot sttiios:

There are practical difficulties or rapport in ssking children. to charecterize their attitude tovards the roles of their parents and themselves os imnigrants, and'we have been seeking a disguised method which would enable these aspects to bo stndied in an indirect but reasonably objoctive fashion, and.in a way that would not siugle them out as migrants from the other school children,

A fairly extensive trial was made on 137 children, aged 12-l4y of the following types of test:-

(a) Sociometric test.

(b) "What are youi

(c) Attitude to tend Imaigrants questionnáire.
f (a)-Questiornaire.on the sboropriateness\_of the.role behaviour of a boy and of an immigrent boy on a mumber of comnlcmontarv sitaetions.

(o) Questionmaire on attitudo towards the role behaviour in a muaber of situations of imigrant perents.

The pre-tests showod somo interesting results. For example,

no.intro-cthnse-peferoncesworo-observed in the sociometric tosts:
f the more popular children were thoso who montioned
fin the "What are yeu?" test; were more in favour than inmigrant childre,. that the latter should lose all"foroign" ;dentify, although thero were no differonces in toleranco of inuaigrant parents, provided they did not bestow thoir inmigrant identity on the children.

(i) In proparation for en intonsive stuiy to be conducted in 1961-62, pre-tosted sone new instruments ombodying the findings of tho above study. With the aid of these insruments a study will be mnde of the degrec of assimilatton and the relevant desiros and percoptions of sccond generation adlclescnnt boys.

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8. Prenes of reference towards the assimilation process. fC (Principal research workęr Major financial. support-from partly supported by f68 An important variable deterniring the course of the

assimilation process is the overalì concepticn of this process held by the inenigrent groups and the host society. For example, do they favour the social segregation of innigrants, foreign language newspapers and broadeasts, compulsoiy naturalization after a certain number of years of residence, etc?

distinguished In a theoretical erticle
these frames of reference towards the assimilation process: Data relèvant to these fraacs of
reforence have been collected in aimost all of the ștudies of imunigrant
groups deseribed above, and also fron control groups. Tho data are being analyzed in terms of:. what are the typical
frames of reference of the various ethnic grçups, how do and
jmmigrants perceive the frames of reference. of the other groups,. and what
are the correlates of holding one particvlar frane of reference? A moat imnortant findinz was that the immigrants overestimate

the degrce to whlcl hold a frame of reference, and the poverestimate the inmigrants'. pluralistic freme of reference. It is plamed to analyze the data further and to write a jourual

The attitudes of the host commanity towards iwmigrants and their assinilation.

(rrincipel reseorch workers assisted by a Psychology III class. Major support
partly supported by.

The course of the assinilation of any individual imnigrant is influenceiby the attitudes which he meets from the receiving coumuity In order to study this, an interview study was carried out by the mcmbers of the Social Psyc:oloey Class after prior craining. The intervfewees were a representative saaple of 200. The study covered such topics as: their attitudes to imigration in general and to specific ethric groups, their social distance from members of those groups and. their attitudes towards the assimilation of inmigrants. In addition, to provide a control base-line for the data from imigrant groups, the subjects wore interviewed concerming, their satisfaction with life and their identification with

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The añalysis of these-data is procseding.

[PAGE 141]
4 At s s re  s e ss s

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MEXCEOCTN FCRTHFICCI

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[PAGE 152]
Ata cted: P DETON CT-g-el Cur

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1

[PAGE 154]
MECEAPCR:VHE ENECTIE SECETTAET

4 T李车艺会

h T

74-91

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Cf C)f

74-91

王

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denied en ln fuiet

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Bf

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Witheld in ontinerty

B, F,C

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B,C.f

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B书

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SF

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[PAGE 164]
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B, C, D, A

741-97

[PAGE 165]
74-107

February 13, 1967

C f Dear Dre

B the There are very few outstanding accountings-for but the accounting for your grant is one of them. I would certainly appreclate anything you could do about having it sent to me promptly.

Was your book ever published?

Sincerely,

C Callel 2may1967 Sy will aguin lrite to C,f anel ngut ar B lecouiting

[PAGE 166]
C

MEMORANDUM FOR: SUBJCT 6, f

C.F,B 1. The proposal dated 28 July under the algnature of à one which I actively
BCF cncoureged from the principal investigator, is a very bright and productive Axierican trained soclal psychologist who has preduced an intereoting and poteutially very usciul paychologicai "model" for C
C,B potcotial intcrest tos Of course, the report of thore yould also provide a ntco comparison for some of our Amoricen
c,f and data. Finally, the selling point of taving a project in madoo 54 furtier support to the intornational research intercsts of the This is B, undoubtedly the mnost intercating project we could avpport ir

2. I can coc how the prospectus aa it stapdo would have little appeal to the directoš. If you have uot already distributed it, I hopo you will edd in your cover lctter the rexnarka I haye mado in paragraph one above. I recently entertaiaed at dinner chairman of the department in which is vorkdía is spending a sabbatical year in this country at the I dlecusscd the project with him and emphasised the fact that the proposed budget was considerably larger than we had anticipated. Ha imaplicd that it could be cut considorably without destroyieg the project, oaly alowing it dowa. I have the idea that the. study and support for was thrown in to try ua out forSie

3. I therefore propose that wo offer about \$10, 700, 00 to bo dietxibuted c,f ovoy two years. Thie is cssentially the same bulget witb and his assistant clicinated. Thia could go citker ag a sinall grant(which would be cax preferred way) or as a special project (vhich will take more time to sell to the donore).

If the disectors buy thts, perbapə tho attachcd outline for a lettor f ill he useful to you.

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22 September 1958

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An2vt 13, 1550

Cc,f,B

Ad,e 3

Sinseely yosa

74-999

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74-100

171

demied in evitirety

BCF

[PAGE 169]
ATTAchMENT TO 74-100

7pP

demid ir ntinety

BCF

[PAGE 170]
Subject: Projeet Froposal

Attached is a proposal that we have received and forwarded to the Directors. We have roccived one unfavorable reply. However, this is an excellent opportunity. to spread into other countries. We would appreciate your thoughts regarding this proposal

C

4 This is a proposal I actively Eucouragd trongth conversatis aith Na priuci af investigatir wlun he ositid us last fall. the
cf prpict is, ratlar dugpretise to say He las, bit has an infreasive rcord o pfreluterity
cf f a relatively yog aun cling na rlatvely istatid luivernt I lad uol autieifalt He amrunt of suenny lv regutst, and I Heial They pould do Soru goell flaigs on abot lalf Ye yearsit crrld poe ort f Tlu sonull grand -find. Y pa lireter' Tani it dha f ererel fiel we la thed et. A

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August 20, 1958

[PAGE 171]
I an writing to ask whother-the vould be willing to assist the Dopartnont or Psych y of thes a resesrch project-or

Ihe attached.statonent of tho Departsent envicages a programue for the oalondar years 1959 and l960 with as.part-timo rosoavch coordinstor and witht as part-tine essociate. As 1s iniicatod the list of publications attachcd to this statousnt, tho proposod rosearch roprosents tho culnination of a roseareh progreeno which tho Dopartnont has been supporting for soveral years. Other projects in the Departmont, such as studios of industrial relations, relations botwcen coloured and vhito school childrop, and survoys of old ago i have also ineludod teehniquos which may be used in tho proposed study of

Two considorations heve governod ths choice of tho size of tho projcet subaittod. In tho firat placo, it vas bolioved desirablo that tho projoct should bo sufficiontly largo to perait gonoralisation fron soveral sonsshat differently oriented enquiries, snd secondly it ves nscessary that tho projcct should bo rostrieted so as not to becone vnsioldy and inpractioal for tho rosoareh workors concernod. Tho eatimated. total cost for tho project, as hore designod, 1s Bl6,430 . With assistance of this order tho

B C,f c, f C,5

[PAGE 172]
Psychology Departmont would bo able to accomplish more in these two years than they could hope to accomplish unaided over a much longor poriod of time.

Yours faithfully,

O

0

74-100

28th July,.1958

[PAGE 174]
Subprojet 74

At Date o? Original Yeriod Tiee ExtendedAllotrond Aaount of Authorizatioa CoveredTo Ogligasion

Aiitional Period Tse ExtendedAlletusus Anouat ofAuthoricetions Covored To Perer Gbllgation10 3126.1390.3504 \$31000.00

Dvolco Rurbor loéa Bie bragr fod. 39000:00
#11 29 may62 20, 00,00 19,000.00
-12 10 July2 14,000.00 5,000.00
Ad0 7aug62 15000.00 20000.00
13 2551. 62 15000.12 200.0
Auth 150010

XIWOZ03 O8BOE LIST

74-102

[PAGE 176]
Cest74 ACCTGS SINCE RECD

2,000.00 360.001
w 6,335.00
wo 8,500.00

STILL OUTSTANDING:

BB W03,000.00 111.23 w/0 750.00 0/0 1,147.90/ w0 2,500.00/ 19.145.38

36.340.38

74-104

23 NGV 1354

[PAGE 178]
Chief TSD/BAB

74-106

CERTIFICATION

This ia to certify that I bave received an accounting

from MTA Subproject  74 which reflects expenses\_of

\$4,500.00. The accounting 1s being retained in TSD.

I further certiry that satiafactory services represented

by the accounting have been received and that to the best of

my knovledge and belier the funds expended were for the

purpoae authorized by the project approval.

一

[PAGE 179]
74-108

Dear Sire;-

I an happy to int or y  that the book on BCf hae nov baen rinisred, o are now negotaang vith the and I hope that in the course of this year publishora-in it will appear.

I use this oportuni t tha Roard of Covemors sgain for the\_sup ve-n

B The Finance De-artment of the 188 requoated an accounting roport, ari the accountance of the are now drawing up the rwpors which I hop to send to you within the next weeke, together with a-typewrittmn copy of the book.

I must apologise thet the writing and editing took more time than I had anticipated, but I hope you will take into considoration the limited poaeibilities under hich we have to do this kdndof work.

B.c,f

107

fand signed in his abeence,

[PAGE 180]
74-109

Dear Dregys

Since I bave not heard from you, I presune that my letter 01 February 13, 1967, did not reach you. In this letter I mentioned that our accountants are anxious to close out all of the accounts. We still have not beard from you your accounting firn. 1 would appreciate a prompt reply addressed to me at the above address.

I am also curious as to whother or not your book.was ever published.

Sincerely.

[PAGE 181]
74-110

I have to apologiee for not axsworing your letter of

Pebruary l3, but this happenod because we vero etill negotiatins about the publicatiea ef the boek, and I hopod to bo able to tell you the good zore of ite belas accepted. Thle is ináocd tho case, and I um happy te inform yeu that the contraota have bsen sianed. The book will bo called

I have aleo the to include the report of the Finance Departuent.

Please cenvey to the Truatees again my thanke for

their oonfidence.

[PAGE 183]
Thie-research project was carried out-by the

The book is gratefully dedicated to. the generous

donors who made possible the building of the

starf who gave so much of thenselves during the perlod

under review.

[PAGE 184]
282 FOM

[PAGE 185]
CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that on several occasions a final accounting for \$1ll.23 has been requested fraa MULTRA Subproject f 74. This is attested to by the attached momorandas.  It is apparent no accounting is forthcaming, the unacecunted for balance of the original'grant of \$15,000 is being written off.

I further certify that satiefactory services have been derived from this grantee for the parpose authorized by the project approval.

A h

74-112

[PAGE 186]
The original grant to the above named in the amount of \$13,611.23 which was paid to the However, the Fund received from its Sponsor the sum of \$15,000.00. This meant that the Fund washolding the sum of \$1,388.77. As the project progressed,-an additional\_grant. in the amount of \$1,500.00 was requested. This meant that an additional \$1ll.23 needed to be added to the existing \$1,388.77 to complete the grant. This was·done

Since this was \$15,000 from a speciál: source that was written off earlier, it left \$111.23 to-be accounted for. Attached find the last two letters (copies) that were sent-in attempting to get an accounting- for the \$1,500 grant.

In view of the fact that the Fund did not follow through on helping get their report published or maybe-the cheif investigator has-left, we have never received a-reply. I would suggest-writing this sum offthe books

MR ULT2L -94.
Bol 111.23
25-770185 c00074 760.0

wfo voushu fowarsked toacct' glay1967

74-113

Bf

December 19, 1966

Memorandum-for-TSD Finance

[PAGE 187]
October 14, 1963

Oa Angust 28, 1964, I wrote you about the necessity of receiving a flnancial accounting for the last Brant of \$1,500.00 mas co you froa the Pud.

In ae muca ae tha Fund has suspended ite granting activities, our auditore require accoumtings of all outstanding accounts. Any usexpended funde are to be returned to tho

Your prompt áttention to this matter would be appreciated.

Sincorely,

[PAGE 188]
Althovgh much time has passed since you received our last grant of \$1,500.00, it 1s necessary for Treasurers to delve into the past and complete their financial records.

Is it possibla for you to arrange to have an accounting sent to ue from the Instituut on expenditures from your grante? Thank you for your attention to this matter.

[PAGE 189]
Thenk you for your letter of Fobruary 5. It clorlfled a number of polnts aboun which I hod boon coniusod.

I ora pleoced to inicrm you that, on tho boali of your lettor, the Boord ef Dlrocteni ho cpproved a supplementory crant of \$1, 500, Co for your prolect. Wo oro dirooilrg our bonk to pay you theequlvalent.

I: ia cy undoicrding that wo wlll rocolve two typowritten coples of bho ren ln I foal that the ortginal opreamont with tiat you reiacd is Ts a cood one. Wo con bet consider your quostions ol printing and paacucilon st a later date.

To Coond cf Diroctors lolne me In wishing you succea In the comple tlen e ycca cncoavné

Sioceroly youn,

[PAGE 191]
CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that I have received an accounting from MULIRA, Subprojeot #74 vhich reflects expense of \$750.00. The accounting is being retained in TsD where it may be reviewed by the certirying officer upon request. ■

I further certify that satisfactory services represented by the accoumting have been received and that to the best of my knovledgo and belief the funds expended vere for the purpose authorized by the project approval.

74-118

[PAGE 192]
This is in response to your letter of October ld, l965 re
garding.the grant of \$i,550 to me by the
The money was paid to me directly by the Fund as corpensatior so that
for time released by the and I could cooperate on a joint research endoevor
The details of this arrangement were worked out by If you would then
like any additional information about the terms of the grant,
I can refer you tor

If I may be of any further assistance to you on this matter, please do not hesitate to contact me.

October 18, 1965 74-119

[PAGE 193]
FOON

[PAGE 194]
Explanstionior Grant Retovns or Adiusccents

Grant #953-\$5,000,00-zesorve vas-cance1led

797.90

Ko salaries paid. No travel or promotion

[PAGE 195]
CERTIFICATION

This is to certiry that I bave received an accounting froa HUTRA, Subproject f74 vatch reflecte expenses cf \$350.00. .The accounting 1e being retained in TsD where it may be revieved by the certifying officer upon request.

Ths remaining balence of \$797.90 has beon refunáed. This rofund proprietary company financtal has been recorded on thom H records.

I fuatber certity that satisfactory servicee represented by the eccounting have been recoived and that to tho best of ry knouledge and belief the fumds axponded were for the puupoaes authorized by the project approml.

A

74-122

[PAGE 196]
The following is an accounting for the funds expended under our original grant of \$4500,00.

The following "grants" have been given to:

\$300.00 500,00 6
200.00 4 30,60 21.50

These grants were in support of the preparation of a book on which is echeduled for puclicatioo in early spring.

In additibo a "grant" in support of a critical review of the in the amownt of was-given to
\$500.00. This review is in preparation.
An amount of \$l50,00 is obligated for a review of th 7 habits-in a wide variety File on the tcpic of varied
of cultures. 7-3-62

Finally, by two checks for \$2000,00 and S797 90, refunds of unexpended money were made to the

I hope this\_account is satisfactory. I will be most happy to answer any further questions which you may have.

74-123

October:28, 1965

[PAGE 197]
74-124

7 Ar11 1966

As you moat likoly rocall awrote you back in Ootober about a fow grant belances that vere stiil unaccountod for. Thanks to you sone of them have boen oleared up. Ita afraid though, thet there are still a fev which have not as yet com in even though you folloved-up on then very pronptly. It vould be approolatod if you could giva us sone further help on theso wa otill have not recoived, They are as follozat

\$,500.00

111,23

750.00

1,147.90 (We havo

receivad a zeply ani a rofumd frou Bout ha was aaked for more doteil on his ezenses.) on his ezpenses. +55+

Wo vonld like to rocoive oopies of any corresponlence you may initiate

or raceive on thia ratter.

Thanka again for your help.

[PAGE 198]
282
FON 4-65

[PAGE 199]
74-126

CERTIPICATION

Thie is to certify that I have receivad an accounting fron HULTRA Sub-project \$74 for the period e 1960- 30 Noveaber 1955. The accounting roflects expenses for the entire remaining erent balance.

The accounting atatenent and poytent certification vill be rotainod in TSD and vill be nade avalleble for reviev in TSD if-neceasary.

I certiry further that satiefaotory services represented by the accoumting pave boen receivei and that to the best of my knoulrdge and belier the Amds exponded were for the puposes authorized by the project approval.

[PAGE 200]
Balacias Production

Jume60-Dae,31160 2,393.311,719.29 4,112.60 1-3 1,139.9—119.33 2,199. Jan 163-000.3163 1,141.60 1,241.60 699.981.040.45

8,756.474,752,6313,509.109 13,509,10

162.36

[PAGE 202]
CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that I have received an accounting fron MULTRA Sub-project f 74 for the period 1 Jine 1962- 31 Hay 1963. Tho aocounting reflects expenses ia the amount of \$6,695.00 vbich accounta for the remaining graat balance.

The acccmtiag statement and payaont certificatioa vill be retained . in TsD and vill be nade available for reviev in TSD if necessary.

I certiry that satisfactory services represented by tho accounting have been received and that to the best of my knovledge and beliof the funds expended were for the puposes authorized by tbe project approval.

A ,

74-129

SECRET.

GROUP 1 Excloded tran actematle dowagrading and deciassilcation

[PAGE 203]
61/02

74-130

[PAGE 204]
Accounting ofvr 74-130

Amount of Grant for year: \$12670.

this is a true accqunting as received by

ONLYF6,695

APPUES AGAINST

BEG, BALANCE

June 1, 1962 - May 31, 1063

[PAGE 205]
MPEDITURE

Salarios & Superannuatioa Wages & Superdnnuation

Meintenance Chealcale, Gleus sad other Laborstory supplies

Printing & Stationery

Books
Repairs, Maintenance, eto. Sundries
Photographio supplies
Minor equipmant
Tools & Inatrumeate
Testin5
Equipaont :
Furaiturs f
Photogtaphio
Overhesds

74-130

Plessa.notei The delenoe in hand b/f at the start of the finel year (1.s. let June,l962) amounted to m

193 J0ne. 1962.≈. 31nt Mav. 1963

[PAGE 207]
74-132

CERTIPICATION

Thia is to certiry that I have roceived an accounting from MULTRA Sub-project f 74 for tho period October 1962- Ootobor 1965. The accounting reflecte\_exponsos on the roaising grant balaace of \$2,500.00.

I certify that satisfactory services represented by the accounting have been received and that to the beat of wy knovledge and belief the fuada expended vere for the purposes authorized by the project approval.

[PAGE 208]
74-133

[PAGE 209]
Finds Exuended and Held in Peeervet

Re'd 150/91

[PAGE 211]
74-135

CERTIFICATION

This is'to ceréify that I have received an accoumting fros HULTRA Sub-project f 74 for the poriod 11 Jesuury 1960. 30 October 1963. The eccoumting reflects expenses 1n tho asot of \$10,500.00 vhich accoumts for the remaining grant balance.

The eccounting statomeat and paymext cortification will be retained in TeD and vill be nade available for reviev ia TD if necessary.

I certiry that satisfactory services representod by the ecccunting have been received and that to the beet of ry knovledge aad bolier the fumds expeuded were for the purposee euthorized by tho projoct approvel.

et, TS0/B

[PAGE 212]
01/62 8,500.00

600/612,000,00

[PAGE 213]
October 13, 1964

Since our family vacation in August was followei Jirectly by my trip to the-annual conventior.-ofthe there-was\_an unavoidable delay in-receiving your leterof
August 28. At the earliest possibie late upor returning,  askes tne h-request an accounting of fands
granted by the Trom the InternalAuditor,since ali ex
penditures from the rrants were deposited with the and every
payment was made with-clesrancesf the aopropriate administrative officer.
I should think that you will receive-the Internal Auditoris recort any day.

Let me take this opportunity to excress appreciation-to the.Fund for its timely support of-our research program on behavior of members in small groups and the reference scales of their cultural-ecologicalsettings. In addition to our acknowl dgment of the Fund's suopcrt in various papers and our recent book it has been my pleasure to express this appreciation tublicly in oresenting the reoearch to several university and national gatharings of orofessicral colleagues. In fact, chiefly because of-its sponsorshic of much ot theresearch to beretortedI agreed to invitation to discuss the papers at the at the in or. September 5, and I had Turther opportun the Fundla support in my ow

The research-completed in-the period of the more recent-grants fron the Fund is to apcear-with due acknowledguent in our forthooming book to be r leased the early part of 1965-by We take it tnat vou and other ofricers-mav share in some mcasure our own pleasure at se.ing the romaining research comoleted with support appear in print between the covrs-of ahock.

Sincsrely yours,

[PAGE 214]
74-138

D..a

The following is a financial report for the Grent under The poriod covered by thie report ie from the direction of January 1l, 1960 through Octoter 30, 1963, The total funde received for this grant amounted to \$16,250.

The following expanditures bycategory were-paid from thie grant:

Salaries: was paid by the Univereity (The salary of the Grant Director, Dr for the period of the grant.)

All funda were depoaited in a University account and, expenditures were-made in accordance with Univeraity policy.

S

[PAGE 215]
Dear Miaeogoa

The Internal Auditor, has recently prepared and tranomitted to-you an audit ataterent of the transactions involving the grant from the efor support of research conducted by Dr. Professor of

In his cheracteristic manner, has made wise and careful choice of uses for his research funds and the support provided by the Agrant has contributed to the scope and depth of his undertaxings.

We deeply appreciate the intereet and support you have shown in providing financial aid:for\_his vork.

Cordially yours,

[PAGE 216]
A

Dear

Attached please find the fōllowing accountings and check them off your list.

1. S

5,000

2. - copy of originol and translation into US \$1,125

3.

-650

4.出

5.  1053

\$3450.00

Grant904-200, Also a little goodie you didn't osk for

74-140

Sept. 22, 1964

[PAGE 217]
Dear

Here I am wih a requost for more aooountings. These aren't in the delinquent category yot, but will be in a few months. All the arounts vere paid in 1963.

EX 62-62

4,945.00 PARTIAL=3.4-05
2,175.00
8,500.00
2,500.00
2,500.00
1,125.00
1,614.81 PA8TAL 10-7
500.00
1,000.000K RECD10-7
650.00
25,000.000K RECD 11-7
30000

261

3.167.50 CK RECD 11\~23 800.00 850,00
1,500.00

74-141

Auguat 31, 1964

[PAGE 218]
Dear C

There are not too many quick answers for you. The following require my writing and requesting information:

Fiscal Year.1960/61

B C

Fiscal Year\_1961/62

The followingare attached: grant 1961 and 1962

B. on the The ba1ance\_of-\$1,388.77 plus \$111.23 make up the last \$1,500 which we sent to them in February 1962. They have never accounted for this nor for the final \$13,611.23 although they did write they were in the hole. I will write to them.

CI will also write to

C Ond there was no accounting. He was paidmonthly \$416.66 from Sept. 1959 through August 1960 for services. 3 was at in 59 and 60 and they never sent an accounting that I can find so will write.

I have a feeling no one-I write to is going to love me.

August 28, 1964

Best regards to you:

[PAGE 219]
The audit people dropped by the ohher day and would, like to elose out sone of the anoiont history. Using your listirg dated 3-28-63, could you please send aecountings for the following grantees atill considered open.

74-143

August 26, 1964:

[PAGE 220]
74.143

(1) Wo did reoeive an aocounting datod May 24, 1961, for 1962. Don't know ir it epplies to 1960/61 grant or 1961/62. grant. On your liat \$720 appears both grant years; temporerily I've assumed the above ecoounting belonge vith the later yoar.

(2) On your report as of June 5, 1963, an acoounting was supposed to be attaohed as-f lA. If so, it has joired the ranks of the lost. Could you-please send me a copy (again).

(3) This simount represents grant payment made during the Jan-March 1963 per1od.

(4) Last accounting we received dāted Maroh 15, 1960, was for \$12,406.26. No accounting for cumulative exponses of \$13,611.23 out óf original grent of \$15,000.00. Was the belance, \$1,383.77 over paid to the Institute?

[PAGE 221]
74-144

Auguet-26, 1964

C

A couple more last-ninute aocountinga ve ere in need of:

NGCTG RECD 10-9-64 - Grant of \$20,000 for period 0ot, 1, 1959 to Deo. 31, 1960

-Grant of \$5,000 to be paid in 12 oual paypents,

boginning Septenter 1959 CK-SEE TEMO 2/2/04

Anything naw on the 82,537.79 balance te has? ACCTG-RECD- BAL REMAININC IS FI,S0&=18=

[PAGE 222]
74-145

ACCOUNTINGS ON-SMALL GRUNTS AND\_OTHER\_GRANTS

Balance from Previous years Srall Grants Fund: \$904.90
Received during Fiscal-Year 1960/61 \$25,000.00
\$25.904.90

Expended:

7,136.25
5,000.00 FUND PAYROLL
3,000.00 720.00 ACCTGRECD 11-9-64
2,000,00 ACCTG RFCD
5,000.00 ACCTG RECD 438.00 FUND PAYR06623.294.25

Balance

Grant Money Received Fiscal Year 1961/62

904.90
T905.1

March 28, 1963

[PAGE 223]
2329-425
138475.64\*

[PAGE 224]
4,500, 00 STILL DUE 111.23 (see folder 82)

STILL DVE
1,058.00 BALANCE PROJECT COMPLETION
1,147.90=8Y1 JULY 64-2RETURN FONDS
9,136,25 funk NOT-FIAISHED ONTL12-31=E3
5, 000. 00 payriel,
3,000. 00 YOU DID SENDANACCTG-DTD S2Y4 120.F0FOR 19G2STILL=NEED ONE MORE 2,000.00① 5,000. 00 ⑤ 438.00 fund pryroll

CHECK ON-:

74-145

[PAGE 225]
74.145

Per PBS: ① Reco A Number diff grants tuiel af for all

@ acctg in Sub 134 Folder

③ Represents money passed during. San Mar 63 V

④ On your report as of 6/5/63 attached as # 1 A (5 11 #2A

Last acctg dtd 3/15/60 foc \$12, 406.26. No-accty for cemulatnie efps of \$13, 611.23. Was the balance. of \$ 1, 388.77 ever pasced to

[PAGE 226]
74-145

BEG BAL consists of

SUB124√1050=7378①

74√V1+995.93

98√ 7 70:00 ?

108√√8706.00?

96-√ 16 1,512.37

[PAGE 227]
0 This represents rafiondls fm satisfactorily completed 39,81,65,88 projects andl uae used hy Sub 12t.

② Sub 89 satisfoctorily completed  returned irnused funds

③ Acctge recd foc iNv 5-1962; 1Nv 4-1961

D acctd for in full

5 Last accty nec'd wasdttd 711-62 for t2, 682.64, lvg bal4-30-62 of \$640 68 Acctd. for in full

6 ropresent \$5,000 grant to 0o you lave any acotgs at all-? PAID MoNTtiY FiR SVCS

U

74-145

[PAGE 228]
119 2170 98 70. 108 706 96 35,424.38 151237 4288.37= 37

[PAGE 229]
BELOW FIGUKES MAKE UP ) 74-145 BEGINNING BALANCE 760 A/C 111.23:150.00 for 35,424.38
82
\~27 5.000.00√ differences 84 ASCTG=RECD betwveen TsD 2 Andit
√95 81,865.75 ACCTG RECD 14t59-3185060 NO ACCTG AT ALL INvoIcE # 3 last payment 74 fingl-payment C 416:74 FINV.7 5,000 after 1Ang 60 Raid by 8-12-59 \$25,500 Fy 59

23 C

riemove524,658.65 phoun on memo add \$.20,000 (?) cr 32,524.36 fernds to 180

DR
124 5,073.78√
89 31007.126>3721.78
74 995.0093
ACCUM ERQORS 74.995.00 38,045.08.

107404

[PAGE 230]
Dear Dr

Thank you for your prompt reply and your check for \$797.90. R

Unfortunately, thegdauditors would appreciate a summary ofthe actual expenditures. Sorryto bother you again.

Thank you for the kind things you said about the Fund and we al1 look-forward to your publication.:

Sincerely,

Treasurer

74-146

October 22, 1955

[PAGE 231]
Dear

Attached are carbon copies of letters I have sent to our delinquent grantees. As you can see, in each case, I had written to them about a year ago with no results.

Let us hope we have better luck. In some of-these cases the amounts are different from yours but don't let that bother you.

74.147

October 14,-1965

[PAGE 232]
October 14, 1965

C Dr! Chairman B

Dear Dr.Bc

On August 28, 1964, we wrote you requesting a financial accounting of your grant from the

In asmuch as the has suspended its granting activities, our auditors require accountings of all outstanding grants. Any unexpended funds are: to be returned to the

Your prompt attention to this matter would be appreciated,

Sincerely,

74-148

[PAGE 233]
C, f'Dr 3,5

C. f Dear Dr.

On August 28, 1964, I wrote you about the necessity of B i,slvi0o a denao ial fo tting for the last grant of

In as much as the has suspended its granting activities, our auditors require accountings of all outstanding account&. Any unexpended funds are to be returned to the

Your prompt attention to this matter would be appreclated.

Sincerely,

74-149

October 14, 1965

Treasurer

[PAGE 234]
October 14, 1965

On September 8. 1964, we wrote you regarding various B past accountings for grants given you by the  We are in receipt of. an accounting for the last grant given you in the amount of \$1,200.00.

In as much as thehas suspended its granting activities, our auditors require accountings. of-all outstanding accounts. The accountings we require from your organization are as followe:

June 6,1960\$1,000.00

Oct. 1, 19606,500.00

Feb. 8, 1961 1,500.00

Jan. 27, 19621,500.00

Jan. 25, 19631,500.00

Your prompt actention to this matter would be appreciated.

Sincerely,

74-150

[PAGE 235]
On August 28, 1964, I wrote to you at the 3 and since I did not hear from you it is possible that you did not receive my letter.

In my letter I requested a financial accounting for the grant of \$1,550.00 which you received from the

In as much as the  has suspended its granting activities, our auditors require accountings of all outatanding grants. Any umexpended funds are to be returned to the 1

Your prompt attention to this matter would be appreciated.

Sincerely,

74-151

October 14, 1965

[PAGE 236]
74-152

October 14, 1965

Professor

When you wrote to mo a year ago, you did not mention the financial accounting that I requested.

In as much as the has suspended its granting activities, our auditors require accountings of all outstanding grants. Any unexpended funds areto be returned to the

Your prompt attention to this matter would be appreciated. If your final report on is ready, we would be very interested in receiving a copy.

Sincerely,

[PAGE 237]
74-153

13 0otobor 1965

. I sn trying to pickup the many loose ends on TSD grante. It appears that accountings are-due or paat due on the folloving:

\$7,136.25

3,000.00

4,500.00

750.00

C  you must realise that the above infornation was taken from soue rather antiquated vorkpapers passed to me by The axount outstanding does check back to our wemorandus account balance so l venture e guess that the amcunts aro correct. Ir you could bring me up to dato on the status of those grente, I vould be most grateful.

[PAGE 238]
$$
7 4 = 1 5 4 \cdots
$$

29 Bovenbor 1965

C

B I bave been going over thaquartorly statesente and find an item that, Pinanco Divisioo, Audit Staff aná TsD/B&r failed to take into coneideration ia the past.

B On yauvy Statenent or Inccoe and Kxpenses tho iten "Orant Refunde

B (Returas) has beretotore bean copletely Lgoored as being part of grant activity.

Would it be poseible for you to furniah couplete detail on this,

i.e. Grentea and amounts back to October 1963.

[PAGE 240]
MOCDUM Fo: Ch1of, W

SBECT : MULTRA SubproJect T4

H 1. Accopytinge bave boen roceived agninat HULpu Subproject 74 frou the follovinggrantees: 1

2. It 1e\_requested that \$102,135.26 be credited to eccount 760.0

3. The accontings are being retained in TD vhere they may be revieved by the Certifying Orricer upon request.

4. I certiry-that satisfuctory services represented by the accomtinga have been received and that to tho best of ty knowledge the Nunds advancei for such services were expended for the purpose for vhich-advanced.

SECRET

30 Septenber 1904

[PAGE 242]
24.1963

Bf Accounting of rant-to 1961

Exoenditures:

Balance

[PAGE 243]
Bf 1962 Accountin of Ornt to

715:39 B Grant fron 1,578.26 Subsoriptions 7.50 Private donation 34.90 Total receipts \$2,336.05

Ex:enditures:

Total expeniitures \$22h8.14
3alanco \$87.91

The-atove is atrue-statenant of ex: enses as Bf The original accountink was aubsitted reortec.to

74-158

May 24, 101

[PAGE 245]
Balance on Hand\$ 149.13

I corti 4 reea 1320

[PAGE 246]
74-161

Received different rates for the \$throughout the year

Feb. 18, 1963

Prepare d by:

15

[PAGE 247]
Statement of Incoma and Expensee

Grant Award.

Expensee

This is a true statement of accounting on grant given to as reported to the Fund

2,426.97 73.03-0k

74-162

May 27, 1963

\$2,500.00

[PAGE 249]
74-164

May-24,=1963

c.f Accounting of

A lurp sum payment in the amount of \$500 was paid to C.f for a report. Note this payment was for her services and no other accounting was requested.

acknowedged receipt of our granting letter

This is a true statement on the accounting·

[PAGE 250]
Accounting ofCmumwmto

Crant March-1-1962 - February 28, 1963

Expenditures: \_

Balance-to- be carried-over to-1963 grant\$ 6,859.94

B Thisis a true statement of expenses as-reported-to the Fund.

74-165

March 7, 1963

[PAGE 251]
INTERIM -REPORT OF-EXPENDITURES FRGMARCH1,1963 TO MARCH 1,1964

(Supplement.to second ANNUAL REPORT dated.28 February 1964)

SUSARY

Consultants fees:and expenses...351.63

Salariest 10.500.00 Principal Investigator.... -,-6,060,00 Asslatant . Enployer Taxes (F.1.C.A. and local unemployment taxes)255.00

Docunents and Supplies.. 193.56

Rent,2000

181;48 Travel.. TOTAL.

2:098 Balanceon hand Total of expenditures and balance on hand

Amount ogrant\$21,lh0.00

PrIncipal Investigatom

74-166

10 Narch-1964

DistrIbution: Executive Dfrector 3 coples Research Programs l-copy-

[PAGE 252]
C Re:

Accounting

903-6

Attached is a copy of the accounting received by

B the from\_the above\_named\_Grantee.

I am not\_sure\_if you are aware\_of\_the fact\_that

is becoming an employee of ours and:the remainder

of his funds will be used to defray some of his expenses.

A separate quarterly accounting will be:continued on

74-167

March 18, 1964

[PAGE 253]
In checkinp our-recort wi do find considerable correspondence with Mr. Exec tive Director
30e gconcarairyuits grantof
y\$1, 000 to so cover t.:
2 which was tetu ir We have not, however, a record ol a detailed account of how we spent this moneyi rather, our roport to Mr was inforrnal in nature and indicated that all of ths \$l, 000. was spent to cover printing costs of tha proceedirgs.

We anciose  cop of the proceerings which was published using your tund, and you will note we have acknowledged in it the use of the grant ior this purpuserrce svo pe

In checking back on the actual printing costs for this publication, we find that we had l000 copies of the booklet
B published by at à cost of \$l, 287 So we actually supplemanted vour grant with \$287 to pdy the conplete prinling costs.
B The bills fron: tq us for this printing are numbers -481 and 583,

Since received , grant from the lo publish these procedings, it has distributed them treely to atterdees to the clinic, .medical-schools, major lospitals and individual medical rasearch\_people who.have asked for copies.Over 950copies have heon-distributed

[PAGE 254]
in this mannerWe do have a list of most of the people who have received copies if you careto see it.

I hope that this\_letter answers the quostion that youraise:in your letter of January 24.If not,-please let us know what else we\_can send on to you.-

74-168

[PAGE 255]
Total Grant-

Expenditures::

I. Research-Materials
Paper 3.47
Questionnaire -2.45
500:TAT pictures 42.11
500:TAT booklets w/pic. 67.37

II. Research Assistance Translation-and transcription of TAT stores 145.26 Advance for translation and postage of TAT stories collected after leaving 5 136.84

III. LivingExpenses following termination

Cof Grant Rent July, Aug.,Sept., Octeber 210.53 Food 157.89 Rent-Sept. & Oct. 157.89 Cook 134.74 Washer, sweeper, baby tender 134.74 795.79

Total Expenses

Total expenditures\_(the difference between the grant and thcse expenses as. well as expenses for fiternal travel and shipping were born by my wife's

The above is a true statement of expenses as reported to the Prepared by: from accounting

74-169

282.10

December 16, 1963

\$1,190.00

\$ 1,193.29

[PAGE 256]
Grant Periódt 1/15/62-6/30/62

1. Salaries and wages

2. Supplies and Materiols

3. Travel C 3/12-15/62 5/16-18/62

4. Other Expensest Social Security 6.49 Tyoewriter Rentol 14.00 Chart Orafting 125.00

S. Total direct costs.

6. A1lowance for indirect costs 15%

7. Total Expenditures

66.83 RELD CCT-DEC E2

[PAGE 257]
ITE:LED AOCCUST-OFS0SER:=1962.2OR RESEARCH GRANT 81425.00

8700.00
Salary. 60,00
Travel. 50.00
Pronotion. rievees 200,00
cup: 400.00
Rent 15.00
leleprone. 31425.00

Note: This\_is an approxinate accounting, I: found-it-necessaryto spend part of my salary to take care of many miscellaneous.iteme.

[PAGE 258]
C This is a true statenent of the expenses of the Kproject.

I havo extd a e ovl tbo suemitted expenditurco.

Dater 1/21/2

April 16, 1962

[PAGE 259]
The above is a truecstaterent of expenses as raported to the
Dr.
Fund.

Date: 1/1/63

74-173

December-17, 1962

[PAGE 260]
Balance was sent in 1963

[PAGE 262]
Miss Treasurer

Dear Miss

Following is an accounting of. the expenditures made from the
reseatch grant\_awarded.Dr. and sent to on June ,1962 in the amount of \$ 3,450.00: 2.483.00 Salary to

15% of:budget.to for administering grant -450.00 Total expenditures \$ 3,450.00

It was a real-pleasure for us to participate in this grant 3 and we are grateful to ther for extending us this privilege. 二.

Sincerely.

[PAGE 263]
Grant Funás, Cct 259-Jul-2561

Preparation and Sale of l961 Directory and Aostracts

Salaries C Dr. Prof."Associate \$1,000.00 Research Assistants 5,195.8 Typists, Clerks 1,359.13 3 7,551.95

Preparation of 1963 Directory and Sale or 1961 and 1953 Books Income fron Sale of Books, Sep 161-ar3163 4,160.91

Exponse, Sep 1 161-ar 31 163 Salaries Research Assistants \$ 1,487.25 Typists, Clerks 729.03 \$2,216.25 Advertising Expense 506.30 307.71 Nailinz Axpense Other xpense Books and Reorints Expendable Supplies \$ 73.80 92.51 166.31 3,196.60

Incone from Sale of Books Exceeds Expense, Sep 1 161-ar 3 '63

Net xcess of xpense over Funds and Incoe, Oct 2-ar 31 163

74-177

[PAGE 264]
Building Maintenance & R8pair Stationery & Office Supplies Travel & Fiold Exponoo Telephone & Teloar

[PAGE 267]
STATEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURES FOR THE PERIO0 FEBRUARYT, 1962 THROUGH AUGUST 3!,1962

Grant:Income........... \$1,058.00

Expenditures:

Research fees... \$256.76
Laboratory supplles..... 663.24
Overhead........ 138.00 1.058.00

l -0-

91464

74-180

[PAGE 268]
f U.S. 32525.00

Expenses

S1000., graduate assistant- work, suamer

1380.00 graduate assistant - Interviewing and vinter

384.7548 and assietants,256.5 houre of coding and scoring at \$1.50 per hour

13.73 punobing and duplicating

41.65 Mimeographing and paper

32820.13 Total expenses

The deficit of 398.92 was made up ty research funds of the

Psychology Department.

This is a true stateient of accounting from cf as reported to the Fund

ax13

74-181

XIV Uee of funds

[PAGE 269]
Thank you for: your recent lattor regarding the funds for which I as responsible. I an heppy to outline the present atatus of themo funds for you.

I was Initially granted \$45oo to derelope a criticalireview of the
F etatus ofyresearch. It was proposed to organize this review in four general areas: physiological aspacts, behavioral aspects, pharpocological aspects, end peychiatric aspecta.Shortly after recolgt of the funds two things becare apparent: (1) The imminent
f sppearance of books by and uainiaized the requiresent for a broad and compreheneive gurvey approach, (2) A more effective and still naeded vork vould be best accomplished in a more focused fashion.
With these conaiderations in mind the program vas ravised to work
in two areom-(1) the repidly developing aroa of aspects of which had exploded around the intarast in Beformation, and (2) the aroa of  theraphy which
had had liaited consideration in this country bacause mcst of the
work waa in foreigo journals (primarily Rusoian, German and French).

B At this point \$2000 was returned to (†-3-62). Since that time the following atpanditures have been made from ths remaining \$25001

Bf

74-182

Deceaber 10, 1963

Balance in bank:

\$1147.90

[PAGE 270]
Dr ols undertaking the otharaphy review with se. beroview. Both Dr dis developing the theraphy review of these roviove are well underweyi should be ccaplete by Harch. I do anticipate use of the total funds and I anticipate completion of the project by 1 July 1964,

If there ars aay further questions which I.aay answer please feel free to writo me.

[PAGE 271]
In:reply to your letter of Jenuary 23, here ia a summary statement of how my grant of \$22,OO0 was spent between Sopteaber 1, 1961 and August 31, 1962:

Under the terae of the srant renewal, the unexpended balanoe ls being epplied to exponseg of the geoond year of the grant in this faehioni

[PAGE 273]
g Date 5 September 1963
Branch. 3B Category VIa) (formerly\_Va)
Project Title NA Item Classifcation None
Project Crypto.. MKULTRA # 74 Crypto Classification Unclassified A
Branch Project No. N.A. Project Engineer B
Contractor.
Contract No. 74 Task No. N.A.
Type of Contract\_\_ MKULTRA Date Initiated 7 August 1962
- Cost \$15,000.00 Completion. Date 7-August 1963

Purpose: To enable tho to makeshall "cover" grants for studies which"will include the assessment technique, training techniques, psychological-and psychopharmacological aids to interrogation andillicitation, studics of motivation and attitudes. A

Status: This is-a continuing project with work first started in August 1957, Many reports and assessments of psychological value have-been provided.

Requirement: Internallygenerated in TSD.

[PAGE 274]
3125-1390-3902.

74-185

15 October 1962

Authorization #1l

[PAGE 275]
Supplement to Project MKULTRA, Subproject 74

1. With this request for supplemental funds the purpose.of. Subproject 74 will be-increased considerably in scope The original purpose, to erable-the to make small "cover" grants for studies which are not of immedlate interest to TSp/RB in order to propagate the  present cover of being interested -in the broad field of human ecology, will remain. The level of effort and the considerations governing the use of funds for "cover", purposes will remain the sare-as outlined in the Memorandum for the Record, dated 2 August 196l; . The supplemental funds requested wil1 be used-in support of the development program being spearheaded by C/BAB/TA/TSD.

2. The Behavioral Activities Branch has undertaken responsibility for developing a number of psychological aids to the point where they have a potential for current operational usage by the operating divisions of the DD/P. These developments include the assessment technique, other indirect assessment techniques, training echniques, psychological and psychopharmacological-aids to interrogetion and elicitation,-studies of motivation and attitudes, and any other developments,which could increase the scope of psychological-support for Agency oporations. Researeh- funds.

BB

29 June 1962

74-186

MEMORANDUM FOR:.THE RECORD

SUBJECT

[PAGE 276]
utilized in the:past for a number of research studies in support of-this kind of effort will now be absorbed under Subproject 74. The wiil serve as cutout and administrator for the disbursal of these furds. Expenditures will be made in direct support\_of the program of the Behavioral Activities Branch.

3. The costs-for this additional support are-estimated not to exceed \$14,000 for a reriod of one year. Charges should be made ageinst Allotment 2125-1390-3902. Accounting for these funds shall conform to procedures estsblished for the

4. Theewill require the grantees or the institutions of which they are members to submit-annual accountings of a nature which is 六 customary for this type of grant.

5. The grantee will document and account for any travel-expenses which are reimbursable\_by this parent organization and will conform with the accepted practices of that organization. If the grant should be made to an independent individual, any travel expenses will be accounted for in his accountings to the

6. Individual-grants made under this-subproject will-bear the prior approval of the Assistant Chief for R&D as requested by the Chief, TSD.

APPROVED FOR OBLIGATION OF FUNDS:

74.186

.2-

Distribution: Original-Only

[PAGE 277]
Approved for Additional Obligations of Funds: \$15, 000.00. Charges should be made against·A1lotment 3125-1390-3902.

Approved for-Additional Obligation of Funds: \$15, 000.00. Charges should be made against Allotment 3125-1390-3902.

TOPSECRET 74-186

3

[PAGE 278]
RECEIPT

Receipt is horeby acknowledged of Treasurer's Check No. 194420, dated October 9, 1962, drawn on the

in the amount of payable to the \$15,000.00.

74-187

[PAGE 279]
Date 13-Avguss-1962

Branch BB Category Behavior Prediction & Gontrol (V-a)

Project Title\_. Iter Classification. None

Project Crypto. MKULTRA Crypto Classification None

Branch Project No. Project Engineer Dr.

Contract No.Subproject 74 Task No Authorization 7//

Type of Contract\_R&D Date Initiated.7: August 1962

Cost\$15,000.00 Completion Date7 August 1963

make-small "cover" Purpose: To enable the grants for studies which will include the ssessmnent technique, training techniques, psychological and psychopharmacological aids to interrogation-and illicitation, "studies of motivation and attitudes.

Status: This is-a continuing project with work first started in August 195/. Many reports and assessments of psychological value have been provided.

74-108

[PAGE 280]
74-189

No.279

Cost Account3125-1390-3902

Object Class

[PAGE 281]
74-190

[PAGE 282]
7 Auuot 1962

Authorization f10

3125-1390-3902

Date

CERTIEY THAT RARDS ARE-ASAILAELE
LGATON REG LICE N7
03125-13903902 AUIHCRENG OFTICER

Colepy-BB V-a.

74-190

[PAGE 284]
8ub. og 74 Cost Account 1125- 998. 3902

Object Class

74.192

[PAGE 285]
KEMORANDUM FOR: THE COMFTROLLER

ATTENTION : Finance Division

SUBJECT

MULTRA,SuproJet24
AlJitlonal Authorization No. 5

Under the authority.granted in the aeworandum dated 13 April.l953 from the DCI to the DD/A: and the extenaion or thia autbority in\_ subsequent morenda, Subproject2has teen approved, and S26, 200. of the over-all Projeet Haj/Rt funds have teen obligated to cover tho aubproject's expensee and should te charged to coat center21a6-1390-32o.

APPROVED YOR GBLIGATION OP FUNIS:

I CERTIFY THAT FUNOS ARE AVAILABLE OBISATION REFERSNCE NS.

Research Director

ALHOR ZNG CHECeR

Dnte:

Dietribution: Original &.2 . Addressee\_ - TSD/FASS 2-TSD/RB

(2 August 1961)

74-193

Date:2 Anguot 1961

TSD/RBI

[PAGE 286]
MEMORANDUM FOR: THE COMPTROLLER

ATTENTION : Finance Division

SUBJECT

: MKULTRA, Subprojeet74

Under the authority granted in tho temorandum dated 13 April 1953
from the DCI to the DD/A, and the extenoion of thio authority in subsequent
memorauds, Subproject 74 has been approved, and \$100,000,00
of the cver-all Project-MKUIFRA funds have been obligated to covor the i
subproject's exponses and should be charged to coet center  225-1390-3902

APPROVED FOR OSLIGATION OF FUNDS:

381

Rəsearch Director

Date:

Distributicn: Original k 2Addzessee - TSD/FASS 2- TSD/RB

74-194

Date:2 November 1961

[PAGE 287]
MEMORANDUM TOR: THE COMPTROLLER

ATTENTION : Finance-Diviaion

SUBJECT

Under the authority. granted in-tho meniorandum dated 13 April 1923. from the DCI to the DD/A. and the extonsior. of-this authority in subssquent \$5,000.00 memoranda, Subprojeet 7 has been approved. and of the over-all Projeet MKULTRA funds have boen obligated to cover the 2125-1390-3902 subproject's anponses and should be chargod to cost center

APPROVED FOR OBLIGATION OF FUNDS:

Ro chiet, Do/P/18D 17个P mte:

I CERTIFY THAT RRIOS ARE AVARARS
ORCATIOH REURT .3
0102725-1390-310ALONRNGONCER

Diatributioa: Original & 2 - Addresvee -TSD/FASS 2-TSD/RB

74.195

12 Apr11 1962 Date:

[PAGE 288]
MEMORANDUM FOR:THE COMETROLLER

ATTENTION : ; Finance Division

SUBJECT

: MKULTRA, Subproject 74

Under the authority granted in tha.memorandum dated 13 April 1953

from the DCI to the DD/A, and ths extea3lon of thto authozity in subsequent

memorauda, Subproject 74 has been approved, and \$20,000.00

of the over-al Projoet MKULTRA funds tave-been obligated to covor the

subprojcet's axpensgs and should be charged to cost center 2125-1390-3902

APPROVED FOR OBLIGATION OF FUNDS:

1 CERDEY DAT RAIOS ARE ANALAELÍ ONGATION REFEOK:38 19212513403902

Chief, TSD

Date:

Distributicn:

Originel & à . Addressee 1 - TSD/FASS 2 -TSD/RB

WUHORNG OTKER

Date: 12 Apr1l 1962

[PAGE 290]
MESORANTUM FOR: TEE COMPTROLLER

ATEENTION ; Pinance Division

SUSJSCT MULP, Subprojee

Uoder the suthorizy graated in the wecorandum Cated 13 April ly73 froa the ECl to the Do/a, end the extencion of this authority is subequent memoranda, ubprojeethas bee aproved, andu, oº the over-all Prejeet NotanA funds bave beeu obligated co cover the subprojeet's expenses and should be cherged to cost center\_21op-13,322

APPROVED FOR OBLIGATION OF FUNDS:

Chiet, DO/P/TSD

Date:

Diotributioni Original & 2 - Addresase 1-=TSD/FASS 2-TSD/RB

21 I CERTIFY THAT FRIDS ARE AYARATLS OBUGATION REFCLEICE NO. 38 1021251390390 AUZHSSISING OFIKE

74-198

Date21 J10 112

[PAGE 291]
FO

[PAGE 293]
Branch Category Behavior Predictioa & Coatrel ()

Item Classification : None Project Title

Project CryptoMKULTRACrypto ClassificationNono

Contract No. Subproject 74: Task No.Authorizatioa /10

Date Initiated7 August 1962 Type of Contract R&D

Completion Date 2Auguat 1963 Cost \$15,.000.00

to make small "cover" Purpose: To s0alle tho asaessment tochnique, grants for atudies wbich will includs tho tralaing techniques, paychological and peychopâarmacologicel aids to loterrogaticn and illicltatioa, studies of motivation and attitudes.

Status: Thie te a continuing project with work flret atarted in Auguot 195 2-Many reports and asnosemente of psychological value have been provided.

74.201

Date 13 Auguet 1962

[PAGE 294]
MEMORANDUM FOR: THERECORD

SUBJECT:

-MKULTRA;Subproject 74

1. The purpose of Subproject 74 will be to fulfill what is considered a-deficiency in the present cover of the At the present time the has been making grants to large institutions for research work of immediate interest to TSS/CD. It is felt that for the to continue to propagate its present cover of being interested in the broad field of hunan ecology, it will be necessary to make "coyer grants"These grants wilt be small monetarily and will not necessarily be of immediate interest to-TSS/CD. fowever, it is thought that they will contribute 3 materially to the cover and security of the

2.  At a meeting of the Board of Directors of the on ll March 1957,  at which the DCI was present, this matter was discussed in full. 'The-DCI at that meeting assured the Board that he understood and approved of the necessity for the to engage in certain activities not-related to our immedíate interests in order to validate itself.

3. At the, present time it is not possible to anticipate how many grants will be made nor who the grantees wilt be. However, each grantee's-application to the will be reviewed by the authorized mechanism and a decísion made for acceptance. Upon approval of the the proposed grant will then be approved by C/TSS/CD and C/TSS.

4It is estimated that the total cover grants will not exceed \$25. 000.00 for a period of one year. Charges shoutd be made against A11otment 7-2502-10-001.

5.Thawill require these grantees or the institutions of which they are members to submit annual accountings of a nature which is customary for this type\_of grant.

6. The grantee wilt document and account for any travel expenses whichare reimbursable\_by\_his.parent organization and\_will conforiò with the accepted practices of that organization.If the grant

DRA74-233 4 April 1957

[PAGE 296]
10 July 1962

MEMORANDUM FOR: CHIEF, FINANCE DIVISION

VIA

:\_TSD/Budget Officer

SUBJECT

:-MKULTRA, Subproject No. 74, Invoice 12, Allotment 2125-1390-3902

1; Iavolce No. 12 for the abovo aubproject ia attached. Payment should be made as followe:

Casbier's check in the amount of \$14, 000.00 3 drawn on a Band mado payable to the

2. Pleaso forward tho check to Chiof, TSD/Rosoarch Branch through TSD/Budget Officer as sooa as possiblo. Other invoices will follow.

Attachments:

Invoico & Cortificatlons

Distribation:

Orig & 2= Addressee

1 - TSD/FASSL

2.TSD/RB

19 货

I CERTIEY THAT ANDS ARE ANAILABLS COGATON RUAE N . 125=1390-390

74-203

DUHCSAG ORKO

[PAGE 297]
R 2

[PAGE 298]
I hereby acknovledge-the receipt of the folloving:.

Treasurer's Check, No. 191880, drawn on the と dated-June 15, 1962 in the amount of \$20,000.00 (Twenty Thousand Dollars) payable to the 7

74.204

RECEIPT

[PAGE 299]
MEMORANDUMFOR: CHEF, FINANCE DIVISION

: TSD/Budget Offlcer

: MKULTRA, Subproject No, -74, Involce #ll, SUBJECT Allotment 2125-1390-3902

1. Iavoice No. li for the above subprojoct is attached. Payment ahould be made ae followst

Casbler's check in tho amount of \$20,000.00 drawn on a and made payabla to the

2.=Plesse forward the check to Chtef, TSD/Research Branch tàrough TSD/Budget Officer, as soon as possible.

Attachmente: Involce & Cortificatione

11N

Orig & 2 --Addroasca 1-TSD/FASS 2-TSD/RB

CERTFY THAT RRDS ASE ANALS PUCARON OREN3-8 121251390390 ALOKRANG OFTCE

29 May 1962

74-205

[PAGE 300]
29 May 1962

[PAGE 302]
74-207

[PAGE 303]
RECEIPT

I hereby acknowledge the receipt of the folloving:

Treasurer's Check, No. 192868, dravn on tho E \$14,000.00 payable to the dated July 30, 1962 1n the amount of

74-208

[PAGE 304]
SURJECT : Supplement-to Project MULTRA, Subproject 74

1. With" this request for supplemental-funds the purpose of

Subproject 74 will be increased considerably in scope. The to make small
original purpose, to-enable the
"cover" grants for studies which are not of immediate interest to present cover of being
TSD/RB in order to propagate the interested in the broad field of human ecology, will remain." The
level'of effort and the considerations governiug the use of funds
for "cover" purposes will remain the same as outlined in the
Memorandum for the Record, dated 2 August 1961. The supplemental
funds requested will be used in support of the-development program
be1ng spearheaded by C/A//TSD.

2.=The Behavioral Activities Branch has\_undertaken responsibility\_for developing a nurber of psychological aids to the point where-they have a potential for current operatiónal usage by the operating divisions of the DDP. These developments include the

assessment technique, other indirect assessment techniques; training techniques, psychological and psychopharmacological aids to interrogation and elicitation, studies of motivation and attitudes, and any other-developments which-couldincrease- the scope of psychological-support-for-Agency operations. Research\_funds

O

B B

74-209

12 Apr11 1962

MEMORANDUM FOR: THE RECORD

[PAGE 305]
utilized in the past for a number of research studies in support of this kind of effort will now be absorbed under Subproject 74. will serve as cutout and aîministrator for the distursal-of these funds. Expenditures vill be made in direct support of the program of the Behavioral Aetivities Branch.

3. The costs for this additional support are estimated not to exceed \$20,000 for a period of one year. Charges-should be made against A1lotment-2125-1390-3902. Accounting for these funds shal1 conform to procedures established for the 4. Thewill require the grantees or the institutions of which they are-members-to-submit annual accountings ofa nature which is-customary for this type of grant. 1

5.: The grantee will document and-account for any travel expenses which are reimbursable by this parent organization and will conform with the accepted practices of that organization. If the grant should be made to an independent individual, any travel expenses will be accounted for in his accountings to the

6. Individual grants made under this subproject will bear the prior approval of the\_Assistant Chief fōr R&D as requested by the Chief, TSD.

APPROVED FOR OBLIGATION OF FUNDS:

Date Jue 111962

74-209

Distribution: Original Ouly

[PAGE 306]
number of research-studies-in support of this kind of effort will now. be absorbed under Subproject 74. Tha

of these funds. Expenditüres will be maãe in direct support of the program of the Behavioral Activities Branch.

3: The costsfor this additional support , are-estimated not to exceed \$5,000 for a period of one year.Charges should be made against Allotment 2125-1390-3902. Accounting for these funds shall conform to procedures established for thed

B 4. The will require the grantees or the institutions or which they are members to submit annual accountings of a nature which is-customary for this type of grant.

5.The grantee will document-and accourt for any travel
expenses.which are reimbursable by this parent organization and
will conrorm with the eccepted practices of that organization. If
the grant-should bs ade to an independent individual, any travel
expenses will de eocounted for in his accountings to ther 6.Individul grants made vnder this-subproject will bear
the prior approval-of the Assistant Chief for R&D as requested by the Chief, TSD. A

APPROVED FOR OBLIGATION OF FUNDS:

Date:.

74-209

Distribution:- Original Only

[PAGE 307]
MEMORANDUM FORL.THE COMPTROLLER

ATTENTION : Finaaco Bivlaten

SUBJECT

:MKULTRA, \_Subprojoct

Under the authority granted in tho monoranduo dated 1s April 1953

from the DCI to the DO/A, and the eclension of this outhozity in subaequeot

raemorande, Subproject has beou approvod, and \$20,000.00

of the ovor-all Projoet MKULTRA Sumnds havo haen obligated to covex the

subprojeat's aspcases and shculá ba cbarged to copt center 8125-1390-3902

TSD/Rasoarch Pranch

AEPROVED TOR QDLGATION OF PUNDS:

Chiet, DO/P/TOD

TCERTHY DHAT RHOS ARE AVARA UCARON U 38 1021251390390

Date

Diatribudcal Original & TSD/RASS 2 --TSD/RB

74-210

22 Apr11 1962

ALTHORENG ONKE

[PAGE 308]
RECEIPT

Receipt is hereby-acknowledged of the following check:

Treasurer's- Check No. 187893, dated December 18, 1961,

drawn on the

payable to the

amount of \$101, 000.00.

74.211

[PAGE 309]
: MKULTRA, Subprojeet No. 74 Invoice No. 10, Allotment 2125-1390-3902

1. Involce No. 10 for the above subprojoct is attached. Payment chould be made as followe:

Caabfor?s check la the amount of \$l01; 000. 00 drawn and made payable to the :"

2. Please forward ths check to Chiof,: TSD/Roeoarch Braach through TSD/Budget Offlcez, as soon as possible.

3. This is a final lavoice. However, slace it is anticipated that additlonal funds will ba obligated for thia project, the files should not bo cloaed.

SUBJECT

74.212

14 December 1961

MEMORANDUM FORI CHIEF, FINANCE DIVISION

I TSO/Budget Ofäcer

[PAGE 310]
CERTIFICATIONS-

117 38 14 497 4by coraned.3bas.tm1a 1a invobss 10 >pplvi03 10 Jub=projeet No. 74 MkUiTRA, tat peitormaase is sañstta2y, that 4ervace9 are azidg-ascomplshed in accorcance vita motusl agrrzs 1a4tco, chat a detakked.acsada of che paytaeais a24 receipao is 20 àls. 1e 750706. 3hat 931e bi1 18 jua8 36d 696514t 404 18a1 p69msa1 1h24a92. h2s 358 721 bees made

Crs: 4 PA1C

14 Docember 1961

0 16 a≠reby cettuled tha1 this iavoics 47pliee 10 Sup≠0|ec1.74. i
12
01= 801. 114 va12h ≠38 Coly.approva4e 494.9har 12e.750je61 1s ba1.7
2a321ed c04 10 e8c9rdance vi0h ths memoreakam 02 1l Ap611 1977 1101-.
155 101 16 1be 2014. a04 3he 2atensi9a o1 t416. avmbor107 ka. 30b4209 =21

74.212

Yor 5ervies6

INTOICE

\$101,000.00

[PAGE 311]
: Supplement to Project MKULTRA, SUBJECT : Subproject 74.

1. With this request for supplemental funds the purpose

"cover" grants for studies which are not-of immediate interest to TSD/RB in-order to propagate the present cover of being interested in the broad field of human ecology, will remain. The level of effort and the considerations governing the\_use\_of funds for "cover" purposes will remain the same as outlined in the Memorandu for the Record, "dated 2 August 1961, The supplemental funds requested will be used in support of the development program being spearheaded by C/BAB/TA/TSD.

2. The\_ Behavioral Activities Branch has undertaken responsi
bility for developing a number of psychological aids to the point where
they have a potential for current operational usage\_by the operating
divisions of the DDP. These developments include the :

74-213

DRAFT 2 November 1961

MEMORANDUM\_FOR:THE RECORD

[PAGE 312]
a ssessment technique, other indirect assessment techniques,

training techniques, psychological and psychopharmacological

aids to interrogation and-elicitation,studies of motivation and

attitudes, and any\_other developments-which could increase the

scope of psychological\_support for Agency operations,Research

funds utilized in the past for a-number of research-studies in support

of this kind of effort will now be absorbed under Subproject 74.

will serve as cutout and administrator Ther

for the disbursal of these funds. Expenditures will be made in direct

support of the program-of the Behavioral Activities-Branch.

3. The costs for this additional support are estimated not

to exceed \$l00, 000 for a period of one year. Charges should be

made against Allotment 2125-1390-3902. Accounting for these

funds shall conform to procedures established for-thel

which they are members to submit annual accountings of a nature

which is customary for this type of grant.

C

74-213

2

[PAGE 313]
RECEIPT

Receipt is hereby acknowledged of the following check:

Cashier's Check No. 659\~27167, dated October 25, 1961, in the amount of \$25, 000,00, drawn on the pavable to the

74-214

[PAGE 314]
MEMORANDUM FOR: THE COMPTROLLER

ATTENTION : Finance Division

SUBJECT

: MKULTRA, Subproject 74

Uader the authority granted in the memorandum dated 13. April 1953-

from the DCI to the DD/A,- and the extensien ož this authority in subssquent

memoranda, Subproject74has been approved, and \$100, 000,00

of the over-all Project MKULTRAcfunds havs been obligated to cover the

subproject's expenses and should bo charsed to coat center 2l25-1390-3992

TSD/Researsh-Branch4-

APPROVED FOR OBLIGATION

OF FUNDS:

Date:\_

74.215

Date: a November 1261

Regearch Direstor

Distributioa:

Originel & 2. Addressse 1.-TSD/FASS 2TSD/RB

[PAGE 315]
91.2.16

[PAGE 316]
MEMORANDUM FOR: CHIEF,FINANCE DIVISION

VIA

: TSD/Budgot Officer

SUBJECT

1 MKULTRA, Subproject 74, Lnvolce No. 9 Allotment 2125-1390-3902

1. Involce No, 9 for the above subproject ie-attached. Payment ahould be made ag follows:

Casblor's check in the amount of \$25, 000,00 drawn on a bank and made payable to the 5 一 Tsn/Research Branch

2. Pleaso forward the check to Chlef, TSD/Research Branch through TSD/Budget Officer, as soon as possible, Another Invoice will follow.

Attachmenta: Involce & Certifications

Distribution: Orig &2 Addrossee

74-217

30 Auguet 1961

[PAGE 317]
CERTIFICATIONS

(1) It ls hereby certified that this ia lávolce 9 applying to Sub-project No.74of MKULTRA, that perfozranee is satiefactory. that serviced are being eccompliahed in accordance with mutual agreements, thak a detailed agenda of the payments end receipts is cn file in TSD/RB, that this bill ts just and correct and that payment therecf has not yet been made,

Chief, TSD/Rsseavch Branch

Date:

(2) It is beraby certifled that this invoice applies to Subproject 74 of MKULTRA-which was duly approved, and that the project is being cerried out in accordance with the temorandum of-13 April 1953 from the DCI to the DD/A, and the extansion of this authority in subaequent memoranda,

Recearch Directer

Date:

74.217

For Services

INVOICE

\$25.000.00

[PAGE 318]
MEMORANDUM FOR: THE RECORD

SUBJECT : Continuation of MKULTRA; Subproject 74

1. The purpose of this project will remain the same as when it was originally established: to enable the to make small "cover grants" for stüdies which are not necessarily of immediate interest to TSD/RB in order to propagate the present cover of being interested in the broad field of human ecology.

2.The continuing mechanism of"cover grants" was established with the approval and concurrence of the DCI at a meeting of the Board of Directors-of theon 1I March 1957. In addition approval was granted in February 1959 for the Board to disburse these grants at its own discretion. The major consideration in the use of these funds is to remain as originally laid down: that is, the funds should be spent over as large a number of small projects as possible in order to achieve maximum value in a cover sense. A secondary consideration in every case is that information of particular value to the Agency might be obtained.: The purpose of changing the original procedure was twofold, By eliminating the-multiple approval originally required, a certain amount of administrative delay in the initiation of projects could be eliminated." In addition, it is thought that the Board itself could function in a much more authentic fashion if, during each year, it has available this sum of money for disbursément on the basis of its own authority.

74-218

[PAGE 319]
shall function as cover and \_cutout for this project,-The total estimated costs for the "cover" grants is \$25, 000. 00 for a period of one year. To this must be added \$1, 000.00 which represents the 4% service charge due to the cutout.- The cost of the project for one- year, therefore,-will not exceed \$26, 000.00. Charges should be made,against Allotment 2125-1390-3902.

4. Thewill require these grantees or the institutions of which they are members to submit annual accountings of a nature which is customary for this type of grant.

5. The grantee will document and account for any travel expenses which are-reimbursable by his parent organization and will conform with the accepted practices of that organization. If the grant should be made to an independent individual any travel expenses will-be accounted for in his accontings to the Fund.

Date:\_

74-218

Distribution: Driginal Only

[PAGE 320]
MEMORANTOM FOR:=THE COMPTROLLER

ATTENTION : Pinance Divieion

SUBJECT : MULTRA, SubproJect24 azuchoriztior

Under the authority granted in the memorandwã dated 13 April 1953 froa the DCI to the DD/A, and the extension of this authority in subsequent memcranda, Subproject 74. hss been approved, and\_S26, 000.00 of the over-all-Projeet leLATa funds have teen obligeted-to cover the subprojeet's expenses and ahould bo charged to ecet, center2125-1390-3902.

TSD/Renearch:Branch

AFPROVED FOR-OBLIGATION 07 FUNTS:

Rescarch Direetor

Cate:

Distribution: Original & 2 - Aädreseee 1-TSD/FASS A 2.TSD/RB

TSD/RB:(2 August 1961)

C

74-219

Date: 2 August 1961.

[PAGE 321]
8 December 1060

MEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORD

SUBJECT:  Proposal

1. At the research meeting of 12/8/60, a decision der that
vas gade to accept the recommendation of project be approveà for an expendi.
the ture of \$,500 over a three-year period for the support of through 1963, This will be funded through
the
Cover Grants. Cover Grants. ha  be apprised of the be apprised of the

2. It was suggested thatg fact that we find coneiderable value to the existence of the and that, should it dovelop thateupport from other sources is not forthcoming over the next three-year period, we reconsider the level of funding.

SIDNEY/GOTTLIEB

Orig only.

C,F C C,BF B.f C β.f

74-220

[PAGE 322]
I have examirèd and approved the submitted expenditures.

A summáry of the accounting on-the Small Grants-beginning in

tne ns se oe sns ne o se S es s s a

74.221

[PAGE 323]
RECEIPT

Receipt is bereby acknowledged of the following check: lCLv-r- -1060-1n the

Treasurer's Check No. 85097, dated Auguat 30, 1960, in the amount of \$25,000.00, drawa on the payable to the

bare: bept b, 19le0

74-2224

[PAGE 324]
MOHORANDUM PORI CHIEF, PIKANCE DIVISION

VIA : tad/sudget a.ficer

SUBJECT MULRA, Subproject 7, Invoice Ho.8 A110tment 1525-1009-1902

1. Inrolce No. 8 for the ebove eubproject is attached. Payment should be sace as follova:

W Cashier's check 1n the anount of \$25,000.00 dren bonk and mads payable to

2. Please forvard the check to Cotef, TsD/Research Branch through TaD/Budgat 0r2ileer by Nondey, 29 August 1960.

3.!Tbis is a final invoice. Rowever, sicce it ia anticipated that additiocal funde vill be obligated for this project, the files should pot be cloged.

Chief TSD/Besearch Branch

Attuchmente: Invoice & Certificatione

Distribution: Orig 4 2 - Addresace 1TSD/FASS

I CERTIFY THAT FUNDS ARE AVARLABLE: OBUIGATION REERENCE NO. CHARCE TO OG No 152S17902

74-223

15 Auat 1960

[PAGE 325]
CERTIPICATIONS

(i) It ia hereby cortiried that this 1s Invoice No.O ayplying to Subproject 7h of HeAlrRA, that perforuance is setiefectory, that sorvices are being accowplished in accordance vith autual azrecmente, that a detailed agenda of the paywents and receipta 1s on filo in TSD/RB, that this bill is just and correct and that payment thereofhas not yet been tade.

Chief, TSD/Bosearch Branch

Dater

(2) It is hereby certiriod that thie invoice applies to Subproject 74 of A which vas duly approved, and that the project is being carried out ia eccordance vith the memorandua of 13 April l953 froa the DCI to the DD/A, anà tho exteneion of thie authority in subsequent nedoranda.:

74-223

For 8orvicas.

INVOICE

\$25,000.00

Research Director

Datei.

[PAGE 327]
74-225

1. No. 231

Cost Account1525-/009. 1902

Object Class

[PAGE 328]
MOHORAMUM PORI COMPTROLLZR

ATTSRTIOS Finance Divlsion

SEJCT 書 r, bproeot 7, Ational Authoritation So.

Uoder tho authority grauted in the memoranius dated 13 April 1953 fro the DCI to the Do/A, and the extanelon of thie authority in subsequent sesorenda, Subproject 74 bas beea approved and \$25,000.00 of the over-all MuLraA-projeot funda hes been obligated to cover the subprojoct's exponsos. This obligation of Nade ahould to charged to Allotmint O25- 10002.1525-1009-1902.

Approved for Obllgaticn of Puode:

CERTIFY THAT FUNDS ARE AVAICABLE CRLIGATION RERENCS CHARGE TO TIOTMENTNG.

Distributiont

Orig & 2 - Adircesce

1 - TSD/0C >1. TSD/PASS

74-226

23  1960

[PAGE 329]
TO: TSS/OC

1. Date et Obuigetion/A

2. Purpose of PsojectFunds for B"Cover Grants" for the

3. Progres to Date.Satisfactory

4. Expizalioa Date:\_

F20M: ss1cD Prouty t5

Reoro G

74-227

[PAGE 330]
: Continuation of MKULTRA, Subproject 74 SUBJECT

1. The purpose-of this project will remain the same- as when 1t was originally established: to enable the to make small "cover grants"for studies= which are not necessarily-of immediate interest to TSs/cDin.order to prêsent cover of bēing interested in the broad propagate the field of human ecology.

2. The continuing wechanism of "cover grants" was astablished
with the approval and-concurrence-of thē DCI at a meeting of the Board on 11 March 1957. In addition approval was
of Directors of the
granted in February-1959 for the Board to disburse these grants at its
owm discretion. The major consideration in the use of- these-funds is
to remain as originally-laid-dowa: that is, the funds should be spent
over as large a number of-small projects as possible in order\_to achieve
maximum value in a cover sense. A secondary consideration in every case.
is that information of particular\_value to the Agency might be obtained.
The purpose of changing the original procedure was twofold.By eliminating the multiple approval originally required, a certain emount of administrative delay in the initiation of projects could-be eliminated.. In addition, it is thought that the Board itself could function in a much more authentic-fashion if, during each year, it has available this-sun of money for disbursement on the basis of its own authority.

MEMORANDUM FOR: THE RECORD

[PAGE 331]
3. It is estimated that the total cover grants will not -exceed \$25,000.00 for a period of-one-year,Charges.should be made-against 1525-1009-±902 A11otuent 0525-10001902

4. Thewill require these grantees or the icstitutions of which they are members-to-subait-annual-accountings or a nature which is customary for this type.of-grant.

5. The granteezvill-docunent.and-account\_for any travel expenses which are reimbursable by his parent organization and will conform with the accepted practices of that organization. If the grant should be made to an independent.individual:any travel expenses will be accounted , for in his accountings to the

Distribution: Original only

[PAGE 332]
RECEIPT

一. Receipt is hereby acknowledged of the following checkt

Treasurera Check No. 240229, dated 12 Auguat 1959, 1n the E amount of. \$25.000.00, drawn on the payable to 3

[PAGE 334]
MSOMORANDUM FORI CHIRP, FINANCE DIVISION

VIA 1 168/Budget Ofricer

SUBJECT 1 ULRA, Subproject 74, Invoice No. 7 A110tmont 9-2502-74-902

1. Invoice No. 7 for the above sutproject is atteched. Payment sbould be made as follows:

Cashier' check in the amount of\$25,000.00, drawn and gade payable to the

2: Please forvard the check to Cbier, TeB/Chomical Divieion through Tss/Budget Ofricar by Thureday, 20 August 1959.

3. This is a final invoice. Hovever, slnce it is anticipated that additional furds will te obligated for this project, the files should not bo closed.

TS8/Chemical Division

Attachementel Invoice & Certificatiooe

74-231

6 August 1959

12444

[PAGE 335]
CERTIPICATIONS

(1) It 1s hereby certified that this is Invoice No. 7 applying to Sutproject 74 of HKULTRA, that performance is satiafactory, that services are being accoapliehed in accordance vith mutual agreements, that a detailed agenda of the payoente end receipts is on file in TSs/CD, that this bill ie-juat and dorrect and that paywent thoreof has not yet been made.

Chief, ToS/Chemical Division

Date:

(2) It is hereby certiried that this invoice applies to Subproject 74 of mOLTRA which vas duly approved, and that the project 1s being carried out in accordance vith the memorandum of 13 April 1953 from the DCI to the DD/A, and the extension of this authority in subsequent pesoranda.

RESEARCH DIRECTOR

DATB:

74-231

For Services

INVOICE

\$25,000.00

[PAGE 336]
MEMORANDUM FOR: COMPTROLLER

ATTENTION Flaance Divialoa

SUBJECT : MXULTRA, Subproject 74, Additional Autborisatioo No.A

Under the authority granted la the mnemorandun dated 13 April 1953 from the DCI to the DD/A, and the extonalon of thle authorlty in subeequent memoranda, Subproject 74 hae baen approved and \$25, 000.00 of the over-all MKULTRA project funds bas basn obligated to cover the subproject'e expeaees. This obligation of funde should be charged to Allotmont 9-2502-75-902.

TSS/Chemical Divlalon

74.232

16 March 1959

[PAGE 337]
should be made to an independent individual any travel expenses will be accounted for in his accountings to the

TSS/Chemical Division

APPROVED FOR OBLIGATIONAPPrOVed: OF FUNDS:

Research Director

Chief, TsS/Chemical Division

Date:Ar: -1952

Distribution: Original.only

Approved for Additional Obligation of Funda: \$25, 000.00. Funds will be disbursed under this project according to Method outlined in the Memorandum of 9 February 1959.

V Researca Director

Dater 3127159

[PAGE 338]
RECEIPT

Receipt is hereby acknowledged of the following eheck:

Treasueer's Check No, 234052, dated March 4, 1959, in the amount of \$4, 000.00, deawn on the and Cashier's Check No. UT,4944, dtd March 4. 1959 in the amount of \$7,?75.00 payable to the

74-234

[PAGE 339]
LE3 S0 3 1 b 23

MEMORANDUM FOR: CHIEY,FINANCE DIVISION

:TSS/Budget Officer

SUBJECT

: MKULTRA, Subproject 74, Iavolce No. 6 Allotmeat9-2502-75-902

I. Involce No. 6 for the above subproject ia attacbed. Payment should be made as followe:

Cashler'o check la the amount of \$1l, 775, 00, drawa on pwa baok and made payablo to tho

D 2. Please forward the check to Chlef, TSS/Chemical Divleion through TSS/Budget Officer by Moaday, 23 February 1959.

3. Thls is a floal involce,However, since it la anticlpated that additional fuads will be obligated for this project, tho files should aot be closed.

Attachmente: Invoice & Certiflcatione

Distributlon: Orig & 2- Addreasee

74.235

9 February1959

29915 2

[PAGE 340]
CERTIFICATIONS

(1) It ia hereby certifled that thip ls Iavoice 16 applying to Subproject No. 74 of MKULTRA, that performance ls satiefactory, that services are beiag accomplished in accordance with mutual agreements, that a detailed agenda of the payments and receipts is on file in TSS/CD, that thle blll ls juat and correct and that payment thorof has not yet been made.

Chief, TSs/Chemical Division

Dato:\_

(2) It ie hereby certified that tbls lavoice applles to Sabproject 74 of MKULTRA which was duly approved, aud tbat tho project is teing carried out in accordance with the memorandum of13 April 1953 from the DCI to the DD/A, and the exteusion of this authority in eubsequent memoranda.

RESEARCHDIRECTOR

Date:\_

74-235

For Services

INVOICE

\$11,775.00

BC

[PAGE 341]
SUBJECT:: Disbursement\_of\_ Funds\_Under Project MKULTRA Subproject 74

1. At the joint meeting of repregentativee of TSS and the Board of Directore of the which took place in on 20 October 1958, it was decided that the funds made available by TSS in Subproject 74 would henceforth be disbursed at the discretion of the Board of Directors of the The major conaideration in the use of these-funde was to remain as originally laid downt thet\_ is, the funda should be spent over\_as large\_a number of small projects as possible in order toacbieve maximum value in a cover sense. A secondary consideration in every case is that information of particular value to the Agency might be obtained. The purpose\_of changing the original procedure was twofold. By eliminating-the multiple approval:originelly required,a-certain amount of administrative delay in the initiation of projects\_could be\_elimirated. In addition, it was thought that the Board itaelf could function in a much more authentic fashion if, during each year, it had available thie sum of money for disbursement\_on\_the\_bagis\_of\_its\_own authority.

2.: In order to implement this decision the remainder of the funda obligated under FY-59 are being transmitted to the for ite use. The amount is \$1l,775.00 chargeable to Allotment 9-2502-75-902.

APPROVED FOR DISBURSEMENT OF\_FUNDST

Distribution: Orig only.

DRAPT74-236

9 February 1959

MEMORANDUM FOR\_THE\_RECORD

[PAGE 342]
I hereby acknowledge receipt of the following:

Cashier's Check No. M42357, in the amount of \$5, 000.00, drawn on dated October 24. 1958, and

payable to th

[PAGE 343]
MEMORANDUM FORT CHIEF, FINANCE DIVISION

VIA :TSS/Budget Officer

SUBJECT :=MKULTRA, Subproject 74, lavoice 15 Allotment 69-2502-75-902

1. Involco No. 5 covering the above subproject ie attached. Other iavoices will follow. It ls requested that payment be made as followe:

Caehler's check for \$5, 000. 00 drawn on a payable to the

2. The check should be forwarded to Chief, TSS/Chemical Divielon tbrough TSS/Budget Officer, no lator than Monday, 3 Novomber 1958.

Attachrnente: Iavoice & Certifications

Dietributiond' Orig & 2- Addreenee

C8648

74.238

21 October 1958

[PAGE 344]
CERTIFICATIONS t.

(1) It le hereby cortifled that thie lo Invoice f5 applylng to Subproject No. 74 of'MKULTRA. that performance is satisfactory, that services are being accompliehed in accordance with mutual agreements, that a detalled àgenda of the payments and receipta is on file in TSS/CD, that thle bill is juet and correct and that payment thereoi haq not yet been mada:

Dato:

(2) It ie horeby certifled that thie invoice applies to Subproject 74 of MKULTRA which was duly approved, and that the project is being carried out la accordance with the memorandum of 13 April l953 from the DCI to the DD/A, aad the exteneion of tbid authority in subscquent memoranda.

Research Director

Dato:

74-238

For Services

INVOICE

\$5,000.00

[PAGE 345]
RECEIPT

Receipt is hereby acknowledged of the following checks:

Treasurer's-Check No.161076, dated.September 29,\_1958, in the amount of \$6, 225, 00, drawn on the payable to the

Treasurer's Check No. 161078, dated September-29, 1958, in the amount of \$2, 000. 00, drawn on the ipayable to the

74-239

[PAGE 346]
MEMORANDUM\_FOR:CHLEF, FINANCE DIVISION

VIA

: TSS/Budget Officer

SUBJECT

:MKULTRA, Subproject 74, Invoice #4 9-2502-75-902

1. Invoice #4 covering the above subproject is attached. Other invoices will follow, It lä requeeted that payment be made as followar

Caehier's check for \$2, 000.00 drawn on a payable to.thg

2. The checke sbould bo forwarded to Chief, TSS/Chemical Divigion through TSS/Budget Officer, no later than Tuesday, 30 September 1958. CHEURT&OZINE AMEUNT DFS

Attachmentà: Invoice & Certificatlons

Distributioa: Orig & 2+Addrensce

74-240

22.Septomber 1938

07592

[PAGE 347]
CERTLFICATIONS

(1) It is hereby certifled that this is Involce §4 applying to Subprojoct 74 of MKULTRA, that performanco le satisíactory, tbat aervices are being accompliehed in accordance with mutual agreemente, that a detailed agenda of the paymente and raceipts le on file in TSSKD, that thls bill is just and correct and tbat payment thereof has dot yet been made.

Chiaf. TSS/Chemical Divinion

Date:

(2) It is hereby\_certified that this involce applie to Subproject 74 of MKULTRA which was duly approved, and that the project is being carrled out in accor&ance with the memorandum of 13 April 1953 from the DCI to the DD/A, and the extension of this authority in eubsequent memoranda.

Research Director

Date:

For Services

INVOICE

\$8,225.00

[PAGE 348]
MEMORANDUM FOR: COMPTROLLER

ATTENTION 1 Finsnce Divislon

SUBJECT :MKULTRA, Subprojoct 74, Additioanl Authorinatioa No. 2

Under the authority granted ln the memorandum deted

13 Aprll 1953 from the DCI to the DD/A, and the extenaloa of

this suthorlty la cubseqveat memoranda, Subproject 74 has been

approved and \$25, 000.00 of tho cver-all MKULTRA preject fuads

has bees obligated to cover the lubproject's exponeee. This

obligation of funde sbould be chirgod to Allotmnont 9-2502-15-902.

APPROVED FOR OBLIGATION

Distrlbution: Orig & 2- Addreusce

4137

74-241

16 September 1958

[PAGE 349]
MEMORANDUM FOR:THE RECORD

SUBJECT : MKULTRA, Subproject 74

1. The purpose of thia project will remain the aame as when it was-originally established: to enable th

in the broad field of human ecology for studies which are not necossarily of immediate interest toTSS/CD.

2. :The continuing mechanism of "cover grants" was

established with the approval and concurrence of the DCI at a meeting

3. It ia estimated that the total cover granta will not exceed \$25, 000.00 for a period of one year. Charges should be made againet Allotment\_9-2502-15-902.

4.The will require these granteee or the institutions of which they are members to submit annual accountings of a nature which is customary for this type of grant.

5.: The grantee will document and accounț for any trayel ex-

pensee which are-reimbursable by hia parent organization and will

conform with the accepted practicea of that organization. If the grant

DRAFTA 7 18 September 1958

[PAGE 350]
should be made to an independent individual any travel expenses

will be accounted for in hie accountings to the

6. Individual "cover grants" will be approyed for disburse-

ment of funds by Chief, TSS in essentially the same form as separate

MKULTRA Projects.

APPROVED FOR OBLIGATION OF FUNDS:

Date:Jopet. 18-1955.

Distribution: Original only

74-242

2.

[PAGE 351]
I hereby acknowledge receipt of the following:

Cashier's Check #M38270, in the amount of \$1, 500.00 drawn on dated May 14, 1958

RECEIPT

[PAGE 352]
& mun 24 Apr[1 1958

MEMORANDUM FOR: CHIEF, TINANCE DIVISION

VLA :=TSS/BudgetOlficer

SUBJECT : MKULTRA, Subproject 74, Invoice #3 7-2502-10-001

i. Iavoice f3 covering tho above subproject le attached. It is requeated that payment be mado as followe:.

Caehier's check for \$1, 500. 00 drawn on payable to the

C 2. Tho check ahould be forwarded to Chief, TSS/Chemical Divialon through TSS/Budgot Ofüicer, no later than 9 May 1958.

3. This is a flnal lavoice. A total of \$25, 000.00 was obligated under this oubprojact duriag FY 57. Howovor, elnce it ls anticipated that\_additional funds wili be obllgated for this project, the filee should not be closed.

Chlet TSS/Chemical Divlslon

Attachments: Invoice & Certificatione

888 002263600.1 2502-10-10t 1721500.00 L0o c0 Cr Cosh

5376

74-244

[PAGE 353]
CERTIFICATIONS

(1) It le hereby certified that thie is Invoice é3 applying to Subproject 74 of MKULTRA, that performance io eatisfactory, that services are being accomplished in accordance with mutual agreemente, that a detailed agenda of the paymente and receipte la on file in TSS/CD, that thie bill is juet and correct and that payment thereof has not yet boon made.

Chief, TSS/Chemical Divlaion

Date:

(2) It le hereby cortified that thie involce applieo to Subproject 74 of MKULTRA which wae duly approved, and that the project is being carried out in accordance with the memorandum ol 13 Aprll 1953 from the DCI to the DD/A, and the extension of thie authoriiy in subeequent memoranda.

Research Director

Date:

一

74-244

For services

INVOICE

\$1,500.00

[PAGE 354]
74.245

RECEIPT

I hereby acknowledge receipt of tho following:

Cashier's Check /M36875, in the amount of15, 000.00, drawn on
E 3 payable to the dated March.26, 1958,
EB Treaaurer's Check 8157059, in the amount of \$5. 000. 00, drawn on dated March the 26. 1958, payable to the

[PAGE 355]
18 March 1958

MEMORANDUM FOR: CHIEF, FINANCE DIVISION

VIA : TSS/Budget Offlcor

SUBJECT :—MKULTRA, Subprojoct 74, Iavoice /2 7-2502-10-001

1. Involco #2 coveziag the above subproject ls attached. Cther Involcos will follow. It ls requeeted that payrnent be made as followa:

Canbior's check for \$15, C00. 00 drawa o0 a local baak B peyablo to the C Caobler'o check for \$5, 000. 00 drawo on a payebloto tb

2.The chocks thould ba forwarded to Chief, TSS/Chemical Divisioa through TSS/Budget Offlcor, no later than Tuesday, 1 April 1958.

74-246

[PAGE 356]
CERTIFICATIONS

(1) It is hereby certified that thie le Invoice d2 applylng to Subproject 76 of MKULTRA, that performance is satiefactory, tbat servicea are boing accomplished in accordance with mutual agreemente, that a detailed agende of the payments and recelpte ie on file in TSS/CD. that thie bill is just and correct and that payment thereof has not yet been made.

Chief, Chemical Diviaion

Date:

(2) It is horeby certifled that thie invoice applles to Subprojact 74 of MKULTRA which was duly approved, and that the project is being carried out in accordance with the merorandum of 13 Aprill 1953 from the DCI to the DD/A, and the extenelon of this authority in aubsequent memoranda.

Research Director.

Date:

74-246

For sorvices

INVOICE

\$20,000.00

[PAGE 357]
I hereby acknowledge receipt of the following two checka:

Cashier's Check No. A55849, dated August 22, 1957 3 drawn on the in the amount of 500 00  pavable to the B

E Official Check No. 209-298682, dated August 23, 1957 drawn\_on the
B in the amount o xu u pyabreto

Date:305

RECEIPT

74.247

[PAGE 358]
MEMORANDUM FORT CHIEF, FINANCE DIVISION

1TSS/Badget Officer

SUBJECT

:-MKULTRA Subproject 74, Invoice f1 -2502-10-001

1. Invoice f1 covorlag the above subproject le attached. Cther iavolcee will follow. It ls requested that payment be made as followa:

Caobler'e chsck for \$500.00 drawa on bank, payable to thc

2. The checke should be forwarded to Chief, TSS/Chemical Divislon, through TSS/Budget Offlcer, no later than Friday, 16 Auguet 1957. A.55519 500

Acting Chief TSS/Chemtcal\_Divleion

chmente: lovolce & Certilicatioas

Diatributioa: Orig k 2 Addreasee 1 - Comptroller

2363 7:3502-10701

2- TSS/CD

74-248

2 Auguat 1957

[PAGE 359]
CERTIFICATIONS

(1) It ia hereby certified that this is Invoice l applying to Subproject 74 of MKULTRA, that performaace is satisfactory, that services are being accompliohed in accordance with mutual agreementa, that a dotailed agenda of tha paymente and recelpts le on file in TSS/CD, that this bill le juet and correct and that payment thereof has not yet been made.

Acting Chief, TSS/Chemical Division

Date:

(2) It is hereby certifled that thie involce applles to Subproject 74 of MKULTRA which wae duly approved, and that the project is being carried out in accordance with the memorandum of 13 April 1953 from the DCi to the DD/A, and the extenelon of thie authority in subsequent memoranda.

Date:

INVOICE

74-248

For services

\$1,000.00

m Research Director

[PAGE 360]
:=Individual Grant Under MKULTRA SUBJECT Subproject No. 74

1. Subiect to the approval of C/TSS the Board of as
Directors of tho
recominended that a grant (gift, etc.) be made to
for tho purpose-of
in accordance with the attached proposal (brochure, example, etc.).

2. Financial participation in the above-described activity will, in the opinion of the Board of Directors and TSS/CD, materially aid in authenticating the cover of theand will in addition other benefits. result in(specific)

3.  The total coat of this grant will amount to Charges for a period of l year starting should be made against Allotment

4. Statement as to whether an accounting will be required of the recipient of the grant and if so, what epecific type, Statement Statement on disposal of title of return of unused funda to to any permanent equipment.

5.Statement on security status of individuals involved with the activity being supported.

Deousement APPROVED FOR OBEIOATION Approved: OF FÚNDS:

Research Director

DATE: Attechel: Distribution Original only

74-249

MEMORANDUM FOR: THE RECORD

-Acting Chief, TSS/Cdemical Division

[PAGE 362]
74-251

4 August 1959

MEMORANDOM FOR: THE RECORD

SUBJECT: : MKULTRA

The amount of \$339.72 remaining in this project will be accounted for by in their-B final eccounting of Subproject 97.

[PAGE 363]
Statenent of Account with

ProfessorC B Period: 1/1/59 - 8/31/59

Roceiptst

Net Ovordraft froa Previous Grant (OD) \$285.35
Cash Received October 2h, 1958 5,000.00

Total Funds Available

\$ 1,71b.65

pisburseaents:

Salaries, Wages and Employee
Contributiqns
Supplios
Eqaipaent
Travel

\$ 2,256.10
266.14
1,745.69
2.00

Total Cash Disbursements for feriod

Cash Balance August 31, 1959

Less: Unpaid Coanitnent for Travel

Freo Balance, August 31, 1959-

I have examined and approved the submitted expendituxos.

Cortified Correct:

TSS/Chemteal Divislon

Dator 9004 59

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Septoubor 22, 1959

[PAGE 364]
Statoment of Account wlth

Receipts:

Cash Recsived April h, 1953
Cash Received July 11,1958

Total Fands Availablə

37,500.00
7,500.00

015,000.00

Disbursonents:

Salaries. Wages and.Esployec Contributions
Supplies
Equipnont
Travel

\$ 9,176.24
387.00
5,396.66
325.45

Total Disbursoments for Period

15,285.35

Net Overdraft, Docember 31, 1958

Certifiod Correct:

Assistant Business Kanager

September 22, 1959 C

I have oxamined and approved tho submitted expenditures.

Taon 7 et sy

TS9/Choatcal Divioton

[PAGE 365]
0

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October 24, 1958

Der Dr.a -C

Enclojed Is the chock In paymnent for your trovel expense. 8

1 gorce with you thot the \$3,000 allocoted kdoes appeor excesslble. I plon to make a visit there very shortly In on ottempt to obteln clcarer definition of the cherge. There are soma other aominlstrotive complications that may need to be worked out also and one scientiflc considoratlon that concems me a little bit. I vould hate to sos our tork carricd too for Into the reolm of econorles, and It Is my Imsresslon taat the grouy Is devoted to their own concept of the overwhelming Imaortonco ef econonics In human bshovlor. I om not prepured, fo soy what weight should ba clvtn to "economle determinism," but I om suro that It Is for from being the sole motivating force.

· It was a real plecsure scolng you agoln, I should like to repeat my state: ment of gratitude for your strong support, .

Sincerely yours,

Fne: 1

[PAGE 366]
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Cotoher 20, 1958

Encloced niosse Ciad check in the emount of \$5,0oo.oo for tte extepsioa of tho grrnt for toa reserrch conduoted undor the direction of pr. -C

Sincerely,

[PAGE 367]
SUBJECT : Supplement to Individual Grant Under MKULTRA, Subproject No. 74

1. Subject to.the approval of C/Tss the Board of Directors 3 has recommended that a grant be made to Prof. for the pur pose of continuing-a research. program in

accordance vith the attached. proposal. —ghe proposal serves both as a progress report and as. a sunnary of-project-plans.

2. It is anticipated that long tera support for this study will The presont be provided by supplement and contimuance.of grant 1s intended to support the project during the interim period before the Pgrant becomes) effective.

3. The total. cost-of-the-continuance-of.this project-wi1l-amount to \$5,000.00 for a period of 3 months starting-1 October 1958. Charges should be made against Allotuent 9-2502-75-902,

disbursements related to the operation of this project at its termination. Title to permanent equipment purchascd wnder this project will be retained by the U'niversity in licu of overhead charges. Any unused funás will be returned toupon termination of the grant.

74.256

DRAFT A 7 October 1958

MEMORANDUM FOR:THE RECORD

[PAGE 368]
5. prof.olds a covert Agency clearance and is vitting

of oponsorship, all others are unwitting.

Chief TSS/Chezical Division

APPROVED FOR DISBURSEMENT OF FUNDS:

Date:1010158

Attachment: Proposal

Distribution; Original only

74-256

[PAGE 369]
Ph.D., Professor, Bepartments of Psychology and Psychiatry M.D., Assoc. Professor and Chairman,-Department of Fsychiatry Ph.D., Ass't Professor, Clinical Psychology, Departnent of Psychiatry

Purpose

This program wiil undertake a coordinated investigation of the relationship between the psychological. expréssion of feelings and cmotions on the one hand, and their biological and physiological expres sion on the other. To put it another way, it is to correlate the conscious, verbal,symbolic expression.of feclingswith those modes of dischargirg feeling of which-the-individual-is.unavare ---the-var-. ious physiological responses which occur in the organism

The investigation will be carried out across individuals and groups to determine the relationship between the psyohological and physiological expression of feelings in differing pathological and normal groups. It will be carried out longitudinally on individuals in psychotherapy to deterpine whether the relationship between the psychological and physiological expression of feelings changes during a period of 'change in personality and behavior.

[PAGE 370]
It is the general purpose of this inter-disciplinary study to add to our basic knowledge of man as a whole physiologicál and psychological organism, and to our basic knowtedge-of-the way in which significant change occurs'in man. Previous Related Work

In rocent years the various disciplines concerned with man's emotional behavior have come to converge inçreasingly-into a holistic viow Psychologists(18, 21, 28), psychiatrists(-3,4,9, 10), intcrnists ( 12, 13, 19), physiologists (Bu)-and biochemists-( 6) have come to borrow freely. from one another\_in theory and investigational tcchniques in pursuit.of-understanding-the-role-of-emotion-in adaptation.

This convergence has been especially:evident-in tho interest in psychosonatic illness where: there have-been-investigations of particular emotional states believed to-be -related-to-specific illnosscsi-The work of Harolp Wolff and various associates (ll, 2h, 25, 26) and of Alexander ( 1, 8) is well known. B+D is currently pursuing:this.some\_line.

Some work has also been done in identifying the patterns of physiological response to emotions in different diagnostic groups. Investigation of the somatic response mechanisms.of psychoneurotics ( 22), of the comparative heart rates in psychosis and neurosis ( 39), of the heart rate in anxious patients ( ll),-of the hippuric acid secretion in schizophrenics as compared with depressives ( 6) - these are some of the studies which have been made. Such studies have particular relevance for the cross-sectional aspect of the present program.

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[PAGE 371]
There are also-a-number of studics which have made continuous recordings of physiological changes during therapeutic or other.significant interviews. Lasswell ( 17) was one of the first:to study the relationship between verbal expression-in-an-interview and physio-- logical indices of emotion. Some of the more recent work has been done by Mowrer and assqciates ( 27) measuring-palmar.sweating;. by DiMascio and Boyd ( 5), measuring heart rate-and hoart\_lability;-by Anderson (2), taking a continmous-EKG:during-the sessions; by Shagass and Malmo ( 35), who have been particularly interested in action potentials in the muscular system; by Margolin:(-23), who-has studied the behavior of tho stomach; and by à group at Michael Reesc Hospital;.Chicago, studying heart action before, during and after a ştress-interview.

The studies rjentioneq(and\_theseaare-by-no-means-all)·indicate that the relationship betwcen psychological·and physiological expression\_ of feelings has already been subjected to considerable scrutiny..It is our belief, however, that most of the work to date has suffered from a lack of clearly defined hypotheses.derived from-an-intinate knowlodge of emotional processes as revealed in the process of psychotherapy,. The hypotheses to be tested here·are derived primarily from obscrvation of persons wndergoing the process. of change in psychotherapy.

that this more rigorous theoretical base will enable us to pursue more precise and significant hypotheses. The methods fop investigating

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[PAGE 372]
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Clinically we observe repeatedlythe.difficulty,which the emotionally ill:have in discharging their emotions. Indeed, maladjustment has been defined in.part astheinappropriate"persistence of emotion. Partial confirmation of this hypothesis-is found in the work of Malmo et al ( 22), who found that in psychoneurptic subjccts elevation of blood pressure persisted-longer than-in\_normals when subjected to en affective stimulus.

III. The reaction-time to an emotional stimulus:will-be ereater in a psychiatric population than-in.a.normalone.

Again, we pbserve clinically that the\_emotionally-ill appcor to struggle with the meaning of a stimulus and that-this process takes time. This hypothesis, too, has been partiaalyrconfirmed in the work of Smith ( 36) and in the work of. Malmo, previously cited. 1V. The amplitude of physiological responses to\_a. given stimulus will. be greater in a psycbiatric. population composed of behaviorally constricted persons than in normals;

The reasoriing here is that, if emotion cannotobe fully discharged externally, it will tend to be discharged-internally. The peptic vlcer personality would seem to be a clinical instance. lending support to such a hypothesis. Jones' ( l6) work tends to support-this hypothesis also.

V. The amplitude of physiological responses to a given stimulus -will tend-to-bq less in a psychiatrio population composed oß "actingout" persons than in normals.

The roasoning here is the converse of the foregoing -- that the

[PAGE 373]
more emotion is behaviorally.discharged, the-less:it will be manifest internally in the organism. Again, somc of Jones! work suggests such a difference.

VI. Symbolization'( the ability vorbally to define one's feelings) of physiological change will be\_less. accurate in a psychiatric population than in a normel one.

This hypothosis is partly a clinical hunch and partly growsout of our personality theory, It is. bosed on the observation that accurate symbolization seems crucially\_depondent on full awareness and that degrees of unawareness cheracterize-maladjustment and poychi atric illness.

VII; The variability of symbolization in the psychiatric population will be greator then in normels,

This hypothesis is predicated on the expectationthat, if normals report accurately, the range will be narrow while a psychiatric population might be expected to err-in many directions as a function of differential ways of hendling feelings. For example, we observe that obsessives symbolize thoir experience differently fron. hysterics,etc. VIII. A normal population will more accurately identify fuelings in others than will a psychiatric population.

Many wcrkers, among.then Fey.(.7) and Stock ( 37) have demonstrated previously that there is a close relationship. between perception of self and poreeption of others. -This hypothesis then seeks to confirm and extend previous work but, in this instance, with the specific focus the perception of feelings in others.

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[PAGE 374]
1x, The ability or\_inability to recall-emotional stimuli will be correlated with differential patterns of physiological responso to the stimuli. which aro remembered, on the one hand, and forgotten, on the-. other. 1

Iflund ( 15) has demonstrated that. stimulus material is differentially recalicd as a function of.the meanings which such stiruli have for the perceiver. The present hypothesis:extends-this finding with i. the expectatio that stinali which will subsequently.be forgotten will elicit a different physiological response\_thanwillthose stimuli:which will subsequently be recalled. Framed in clinical terms, the testing of this hypothesis attempts to domonstrate-some of the physiological concomitants of repression.

Method

Samples from normal and psychiatric populátions will serve as the control and cxperimental groups-for-this-cross-sectional-study: Both groups will bēexposed to stəndardized stimulus material selected for its emotion-inducing value.

Using a behavior polygraph modified for the purpose of this study, the aim would bo to obtain continuous. recordings of·as many of the following physiological variables as proves to bo feasible without seriously interfering with th subjcctst.functioning in the expcrimental situation: hcart rate, heart rate variability; blood prcssure ---systolic and diastolic; blood flow; skin temperatuce; breathing rate, and depth of breathing; action potentials of muscles; galvanic skin reflex; electroencephalogram; tcar duct activity. In addition, blood samples

[PAGE 375]
74.256

may later bo used for.such biochemical.determinations:as serum\_cholesterol level, epincphrine and nor-epinephrinc-lvels,ecsinophile.counts. These recordings.will:make it possible\_to.define.thc.character of the physiological respbnses as well as their duration ond.emplitude.

While these physiological\_recordings\_are being nade the verbal symbolized expression of the subject's emotional.experienco will be recorded on a studio-quality tape recorder.Theiverbal productions can then be analyzed and categorized:in-terms which will permit definition of the accuracy and variability of symbolization. This portion .. of the design will test Hypotheses:I:through VIII. Subsequently,-the subjects will be asked\_to.attempt.to recall the stimuli which have been presented. This aspect of the design will-test Hypothesis IX.

The Longitudinal Investigation of the Process of Change

Since this second aspect.of the program isin consideroble degree exploratory, it is not now posoible to formulate all of the hypotheses to te investigated.: Some of-the initial hypotheses can however, be spelled out,They are stated hero in general form for more ready communication, but will be translated into operational hypotheses in terms of the methods described later.inithie otatement. In the initial stages of the process of psychotherapy, physiological changes indicative of an organismic emotional response will frequently occur in conjuction with verbal statements which are not expressive of emotion.

The rationale here is that feelings which are denied to awareness, or which are unacceptable to the client, will occur at the

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physiological level, but cannot be given direct verbal expression, II. In the later stages pf the process -of psychotherapy, physiological changes indicative of emotionəl response will tend to be accompanied by direct verbal expression of-an equivalent degrce of emotional resporse.

The rationale is that.as the individual can odmit his.experienccs in awareness, and feel acceptingly toward them, his verbal expression, in a safe therapeutic relationship, will come to matoh his orgenismic state.

III. In the condition specified under-I=(where verbal expression is not congruent with physiological reaction) the-physjological deviation fron the normal will tend to persist..

IV. In the condition specified under.1I\_( where there.is,-generally. speaking,a congruende between verbol expression\_end.physiological reaction) thc phyoiological deviatións will tend to be discherged, and the indicators return to the normal state.

These two hypotheses-aro-bosed:in part-on-the psychological -- theory of the process of therəpy, and in part on the findings of Thetford ( 38), whose study showed that when individuals were frustrated, the physiologiccl reactions to frustration subsided more rapidly in those subjects who had group therapy.: The findings fron this part of the study will, or course, be related to the findings under hypethesis 七 II of tho Cross-Secional Investigation.

V, In those.segments of the recorded interviows which are indopendently judged, on a psychological bosis, to be

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[PAGE 377]
there will bo found to bo significantly greater physiological changes

than in other segments of the same interview.

C

Since.these moments include feelings of anxiety:and fear at being

"new" and changed,and at the same time feelings of intensesatisfac--

tion in the process of change, the physiological reactions will doubt-

less be complex, and will requiremuch exploratory study.

C vI. In peak  in thorapy the physiological

indices of emotional response will precede therverbal statement of,

or description of, that feeling.

VII. The physiological reactions of the therapist, during the

therapeutic interview, will tend to match, in direction but not in

degree, the physiological reactions of the client.

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This hypothesis is based on the interesting work rcported by DiMascio and Boyd ( 5). It suggests that such characteristics of the therapist's interaction as empathy and acceptance-have a physiological as well as a psyçhological aspect. ln the long ran it may help to distinguish between relationships which have,a therapeutic potential, and those which do not.

VIII. A further dircetion of-inquirys which cannot at.this point be stated as an hypothesis, relates\_to\_the\_neurological\_events in moments when personality change scems to be occvrringeWhat happens when a pre-- viously repressep fccling "bubbles through" into awareness? Could it be that the emotional response has beon, up to this poirt, organized at the hypothalamic level and-that-it-now.becomes a function of the. cortex as well? This would be in line with the thinking of Papez (-29) thoogh
who points out that tre emotional responses are certainly possible without cortical participation,-the subjective-expericncing of an omotion is not possible without such cortical-participation.Could it he: that in the psychologicel safety of the therapeutic relationship the barriers to neural. compmunication between the hypothalamic -and cortical levels tend to dtsappear? Could such a ncural evont be the physiological experience to which clients often refer-in such moments? These are relatively naive questions, on which we need expert neurophysiological consultation to determine whether it is possible to formulate any -testable hypothoses in this area. It is, however, a direction of inquiry which we hope we may bo able to take.

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[PAGE 379]
Method

The essential framowork of this Jongitudinal portion of the rescarch is tho study, over time, of the individual case, through continuous recording of data; and through repeated measurements taken at intervals of time.

Clients or patients will be utilized for the study who are willing to participate in the research, :understanding that the meaa surements taken have value for the advancement-of-science, but will not affect their own therapy one way-or-anothere-(Previous experience indicates that it will be entirely possible to obtain such subjects, particularly where the client with little in the way of financial resources realizes that this is an avenue by which he can "pay his Way", and obtain the benefits-of-working with"an:experienced therapist,at no cash cost to himself.)

Using a behavior polygraph modified for the pürpcses of 'this study, the aim would be to obtain a continuous recording of as many of the previously mentioned physiological variables as proved to be feasible without soriously interfering with the thorapeutic relationship.

On the psychological side a studio-quality tape recording of the interview will be made, which will provide the basis for continuous measures of such variables as: stage of process in therapy; remoteness vs. imnediacy of experiencing of feeling; degree of self-involvement in expression of feeling; quality of the therapeutic relationship

current attitudes toward self; feeling expressed

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in voicc tone; feeling expressed in words.

[PAGE 380]
In addition to these continuing measures.thero might be somo physiological meaccres taken at intervals, probably before and after each interview, based on bio-chemical analysis of urine and blood samples.

On the psychological side additional measures would be taken at intervals, such as a Q-sort of the self and the ideal self, a Q-sort - for the qualities of the actual relationship-and the.ideal relationship, 11 and a description of moments experienced as significant in eaoh intervisw, obtained separately from client and-therapist. The methods for this portion of the study would be drawn from previous research in psychotherapy as carried on by the Counseling Center of-the University of Chicago ( 33) and by other investigators ( 27).

A Gradual-Approach

In a study involving so many technical complexities of instru-- mentation, it would not be the aim to bogin on a grand scale. It is planned that both the cross-sectional and longitudinal aspects will begin with limited pilot studics, and be expanded as experience dictates. In the longitudinal study some of-the proposed measures will initially be obtained from the client alone. Based on'this experience, further measures would be added ( and some might be eliminated). Gradually the study will be extended to obtain the same measures from the therapist.

Analysis of Data

The data-froa the physiological and psychological measures in both aspects of the study would be prepared in such form that they could bo used in two ways. The data would be used directly to test

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[PAGE 381]
the specific hypotheses which have becn stated ( or others wich might be developed). It would also be analyzed by factor analysis to discover the inherent order in the data, and thus to generate new hypotheses for future testing. In the longitudinal-portion of the study the adaption of factor analysis would be the P techinique as used by Luborsky ( 20) or the still more recent method of Successive Sets Analysis being developed by J. M. Butler.

Significance

This is a basic program of study of tho relationship of psychological to physiological variables in various personality states, and in the process of personality change.There is\_nozimmediate or ob-. vious appliation of its findings , but this by no means inplies a lack of significance in its findings.

There has been a growing intorestin.studying the whole person " in interaction with his environment, recognizing that such studies will supplement and may even to some extent supplenb the highly segmented investigations of human bebavior which have been so common. The progcam which is proposed aims at the core\_of.the interaction of the whole man with his, envirormment, by aiming at the dynamic ¿nd motivational aspect of that interaction, the feelings and emotions.

The cross-sectional aspect of the program should throw light on the basic nature of psychopathology and maladjustment. It holds prcmise of illuminating such concepts as repression and maladaptive functioning in new terms which involve both psyche and soma. It could lead to more fundamental'ways of differentiating botween normal and pathological states, and between different types of pathologies.

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[PAGE 382]
The longitudinal portion of the program will extend still further our knowledge of the process by which personality, attitudes, and behavior may change in fundamental ways. Previous rescarch in psychotherapy - in which we have had some part -- has been largely psychological in nature. Now it is proposed in this study to heighten the magnifying power of the microscope, as it were, to obtain much more complete and complex data about-the process; of personality change. We propose to do so by aiming a comprehensive inter-disciplinary investi-. gation at the whole person -- physiological and psychological -- during those moments when significant change appears to be occurring.-If-ther are any positive discoveries at all, they should; in the long run, have significant inmplications for psychotherapy,.education, training of leaders, traiting of scientists, and any.field in which altcration of personality and behavioris a part of-the goal.Such discoveries seem certain to have meaning in a world where the-increasing rapidity of the rate of acquisition of. knowledge, and of techrological and cultural change, imply that man's continuing existence on this planet will. depend primarily on his ability to chango and adapt.

Facilities-and Setting

provides a particularly good setting
for such research. It has an enviable reputation for ease of inter
departmental cooperation. It has competent workers in closely allied has carried on research
fields related to this study:. Dr. Dr. and psychologists, have worked along lines of
Dr Dr,

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ould be available for consultation on
research; Dr. problems; tho department of biochemistry is avail
able for consultation rcgarding biochemical assays which may bo attempted;

C and Dr is available for-consultative help in the field of.

Space is a more difficult problem but there seens to bo reasonable assurance that. a projected extension of space for the Department of Psychiatry will provide adequate research space.

00

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Budget Required

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The program will undoubtedly continue for several years.but it.is unrealistic at this point to try to project the budget beyond tho autumn of 1959.

The success of the venture will. undoubtedly rest upon obtaining the help of.one or. preferably two men\_trained\_in thc\_psychological 4 field, in the field of electronic instrumentation and in tho field of mechanical data analysis. We have an agreement with one such man and have hopes of finding another.

The travel iten is to permit.one or more of the-investigators-to visit projocts in other centers involving similar-instrumentation.::

The urgent : need is for-funds for-the: preliminary nine month period. We beliove that on the\_basis\_of that oxperience we could approach or some 'similar organization for sizeable continuing support.

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Comments on Budget

[PAGE 386]
3. Cohn, R., The infiuence of enotion on the-human electroencephalogram. J. nerv. ment. Dis., 1946, 104, 351-357.

5. DiMascio, A., & Boyd, R.W,Intcrpersonal physiology; a study of physiological concomitants of tension, tension release,-and antagonism during psychotherary. Amer. Psycholagist,1956,-11, 363 (abstract).

8, French. T.Ni., Alexander, F.\_et\_al.=Psychogenic\_factors in-bronchial asthma. Parts I & II. Psychoson. Med. Monogr,, 19h1, 1, No. 4; 2, Nos. 1 & 2.

9. Funkenstein, D.H.Tho physiology of fcar and anger. Sci. Amer.,. 1955, 192 (5), 714-80,

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Selccted References

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26. Mittelmann, B., Folff, H.G., & Scharf,li.P, Emotions and gastroduodenal function: experimental studies on patients with gastritis, duodenitis, and peptic ulcer. Psychosom. Med., 19h2, l, 5-61.

27. Fiowrer, O.H., Light, B.H., Luria, Z., & Zelany, i.P. Tension changes during psychotherapy with special refercnce to resistance. In 0.H. Mower (Ed.) Psychotherapy, theory and research. New York: Ronald Press, 1953.

29. Papez, J.W. A proposed mechanism of cmotion. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., 1937, 38, 725-743.

3h. Selye, H: The Stress of Life. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956.

35. Shagass, C., & rialmo, R.B.=Psychodynamio-themes and localized muscular tension during psychotherapy. Psychosom. hied., 195h, 16, 295-314.

37. Stock, Dorothy, An investigation into the interrelations between the self concept and feelings directed toward other porsons and groups. J. consult. Psycho1., 1949, 13, 176-180.

38. Thetford, W.N. An objective measurement of frustration tolerance in evaluating psychothcrapy. In N.W. Wolff (Ed.) & J.A. Precker, Success in. psychotherapy. New York; Orune & Stratton, 1952.

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Principal Investigators

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; Individual Grant Under MKULTRA Subproject No. 74 SURJECT

1. Subject to the approyal of C/Tss the Board of Directors aas recormended thut B Pref. a grent be mode to. for the purpoge of conducting a research progrem ir datce With attached proposal

2. Financial-participation in the above described activity will, in the opinion of the Board of Directors and TSs/cD, naterially and will in addition aid in autbenticating the.cover of result in the accumulation of\_çertain bockground knowledge related to projects involving improvenent ofpresent polygraph technique in addition to other benefits.

3. The total cost of this grent-will-amount to \$15,000.00 for a period of nine. months starting 15 March 1958. Chargcs should be made against A1lotment7-2502-10-001.

will supply with copies pf the records of
disbursenents related to the operation of thisproject at its tenmina
tion. Title to permanent eqvipment purchased under this project will
be retained by the Univeraity in lieu of overhead charges. Any unused upon terination of thegrant.
funds will be returned too C

5. Prof holds a covert Agency clearance and is witting of eponsorship, all others are unvitting.

TSS/Chemicel Division

APFROVED FOR DISBURSEMENT OF FUNDS:

Hescarch Director

Date

ha18-190

Attacbment: Proposal

pistribution: Original only

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DRAFT 13 March 1958

MEMORANDUM FOR: THE RECORD

[PAGE 392]
Ph.D., Professor, Departments of.Psychology and Psychiatry, M.D., Assoc. Professor and Chairman, Dopartment of Psychiatryy Ph.D., Ass't Professor, Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychiatry

Purpose

This program will-undertake acoordinatedinvestigation\_ofthe relationship between the psychological oxpression of. feelings" and emotions on the one hand, and their biological and physiological expression on the other. To put it another way,it is to correlate the conscious, vérbal,symbolic expression\_of feelings with those modes. of discharging feeling of which the individual is ünaware -- the various physiological responses which occur in the organism.

The investigation will be carriéd out across individuals and groups to determine the relaticnship between the psychological and physiological expression of feelings in differing pathological and normal groups, It will be carried out longitudinally on individuals ir. psychotherapy to determine whether the relationship between the psychological and physiological expression of feelings changes during a period of change in personality and behavior.

[PAGE 393]
It is the general purpose of this inter-disciplinary study to add to our basic knowledge of man as a whole physiological and psychologi\~ cal orgenism, and to our basic knowledge of the way in whichsignificant change occurs in man.

In recent yeors the various disciplinos.concerned with man's emotional behavior have come to converge increasingly into a holistic view Psychologists ( 18, 21, 28), psychiatrists ( 3, 4, 9, 10), internists ( 12, 13, 19), physiologists (Bh) and biochemists (6) have come to borrow freely from one another in theory-and investigationəl techniques in pursuit of understanding the role of emotion in adaptation.

This convergence has been especially evidentin.the interest in psychosomatic illness where there have been-investigations of particular emotional states belicved to bo related to specific illnessos. Thé work of Harold Wolff and various associates (14,2h,-25, 26) and of Alexander ( 1, 8) is well known. is currently pursning this same line.

Some work has also been done in identifying the patterns of physiological response to emotions in different diagnostic groups. Investigation of the somatic response mechanisms of psychoneurotics ( 22), -of.. the comparative heart rates in psychosis and neurosis ( 39), of the heart rate in anxious patients ( ll), of the hippuric scid secretion in schisophrenies as compared with depressives ( 6) -- these are some of the studies which have been made.. Such studies haye particular relevance for the cross-sectional aspect of the present program.

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There are also a numbcr of studios which havo made continuous recordings of physiological changes during therapeutic-or other significant intervieús. Jasswell ( 17) was one of the first to study the relationship between verbal expression in an interview and physiological indices o emotion. Some of tho more recent work has been done by Mowrer and associates ( 27) measuring palmar sweating; by DiMascio and Boyd ( 5), measuring heart rate and heart lability; by Anderson ( 2), taking a continuous EKG during the sessions; by Shagass and Malno ( 35), who have been particularly interested in action potentials in the muscular system; by Margolin.(23), who haş studied the behavior of the stomach; and by a group at Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago, studying heart action before, during and after astress interviow.

The studies mentioncß(and these:are by no means-all) indicaie that the relationship between psychological and physiological expression of feelings has already been subjected to considerable scrutiny..It is our belief, however, that-most of-the. work-to date has suffered from a lack öf clearly defined hypotheses derived from an intimate knowledge of emotional. processes as revealed in the process of psychotherapys. The hypotheses to be tested here are derived primarily from observation of persons undergoing the proccss of-change in psychotherapy..

that this more rigorous theoretical base will enable us to pursuc more precise and significant hypotheses. The methods foo investigating

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these hypotheses involve two separate but complementary approaches, one cross-sectional, one longitudinal or process in nature.

The Cross-Sectional Investigation

This may be thought of usefully as the static approach. It consists of examining thé relationship between physiological and psychological variables in a number of subjects suffering from a range of emotional pathology and comparing them with\_subjects dratm\_ from a "nornal" population. The family of hypotheses contained within this phase of tho research will be closely inter-related.These hypotheses reflect selectec facets of ongoing normal and pathological behavior;. it.is hoped by this means to contribute further to an operational-definition of the psychcsomatic parameters of·organisiic-behavior

Representative Hypotheses

I. The discrepaney between verbal report and measured physiological response to a given stimulus will be greater in a psychiatric than in a normal population.

This hypothesis is derived both from personàlity theory and from the common clinical obeervation that patients have difficulty in reporting the character and dcgree of their inrer experience', For. exi ample, the apparęnt emotional unresponsivity of the schizophrenic patient is known to mask a profound experience of inner turmoil. Some support for this hypothesis is evident in the work of Jones ( 16) on differential patterns of psychogalvanic skin response in children. II. Tho duration of physiological rcsponse to a given affective stimulus will be' greater in a psychiatric population than in normals.

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Clinically we observe repeatedly the difficulty which the emotionally ill have in discharging their enotions. Indeed, maladjustment has been dofined in part as the inappropriato persistence of emotion. Partial confirmation of this hypothesis is found in the work of Malmo et al ( 22), who found that in psychoneurotic subjécts clevation of blood pressure porsisted longer than in normals when subjected to an affective stimulus.

III. The reaction-timo to-an emotional. stimulus. will be greater in a psychiatrić population than in a normal one.

Again, ve observe clinically that the emotionally ill appear to struggle with the meaning of-astimulus and that this proccss takes time, This hypothesis, too, has been partiailyroonfirmed in the work of Smith ( 36) ond in tho work.of.Malmo, previously cited. 1V. The amplitude of physiological responses to a given stimulus will be greater in a psychiatric population composed of behaviorally constricted persons than in normals.

The reasoning here is that, if emotion cannotobe fully discharged externally, it will tend to be discharged internally. The peptic ulcer personality would beem to bo a clinical instance lending support to such a hypothesis. Jones' (-16) work tends to support this hypothesis also.

V. The amplitude of physiological responses to a given stimulus will tend tó be less in a psychiatric population composed of "actingout" persons than in normals.

The reasoning here is the converse of the foregoing -- that the

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more emotion is behaviorally discharged, the loss it will be manifest intcrnally in the\_organiam. Again, somo of Jones! work suggests such a difference.

VI. Symbolization ( the ability verbally to.define: one's feelings) of physiological change will. be less accurate in\_a psychiatric population thən in a normsl one.

This hypothesis is partly a clinical hunch and,partly grows out of our personality theory.It is based\_on the observation that accurate symbolization seems crucially dependent.on full awareness and that degrees of unawareness characterize maladjustment and psychiatric illness.

VII The variability of symbolization in the psychiatric population will. be greater. than in normels.

This hypothesis is predicated on the\_expectatior that, if normals report accurately, the range will be-narrow while a psychiatric population might be expected to err in many directions as a function of differontial ways of hendling feelings. For example, we observe that.. obsessives symbolize their experience differently fron hysterics, ete. VIII. A normal population will more accurately identify feelings in others thon will a psychiatric population.

Many workers, among then Fey ( 7) and Stock ( 37) have demonstrated previously that there is a close relationship between perception of self and perception of others. This hypothesis thon secks to confirm and exjend previous work but, in this instance, with the specific focus the perception of feelings in others.

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IX. The ability or inability to recall emotional stimuli will be\_
correlated with, differential patterns\_of\_physiological response to the
stimli. which ére remembered, on the one hand, and forgotton, on the.. 111
other.

Iflund ( 15) has demonstrated that stimulus material is differentially recalled as a function of the\_meanirigs which\_such stimuli have for the perceiver. The present hypothesis extends this finding with . the expectation that stimuli which-will:subsequentlybe forgotten will elicit a different physiological response\_than will\_those stimuli which will subsequently be recalled,Framed\_in clinicalterms, the testing of this hypothesis attoppts to-demonstrate some of the physiological concomitants of repression.

Method

Samoles from normal and psychiatric.populations will.serve as the control and experimental groups for this cross-sectionol study. Both groups will be exposed to standardized.stiuulus material\_selected for its emotion-inducingvalue.

Using a behavior polygraph-modified-for the purpose of this study, the aim would bo.to obtain continuous recordings of as many of the following physiological variables as provcs to be feasible without seriously interfering with tle subjects' functioning in the expcrimental situation: hcart rate, heart rate variability; blood pressure -- -systoli and diastolic; blood flow; skin-temperature;-breathing rate, and depth of breathing; action potentials of muscles; galvanic skin reflex; electroencephalogram; tear duct activity. In addition, blood samples

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may later be used for such biochemical determinations as serum cholesterol level, epinpphrine and nor-epinephrine-lcvels,-sosinophile counts. These recordings.willmake it possible to define-thc character of the physiological responses as well as thoir-duration endamplitude.

While these physiological recordings-are being made the verbal symbolized expression of.thé subjoct's emotjonəl experience will be recorded on a studio-quality tape recorder. The:verbal productions can then be analyzed and categorized in terns which will.permit definis tion of the accuracy and variability of symbolization.This portión of the design will test Hypotheses.I through VIII. Subsequently, the subjects will be asked to attempt to recall the stimuli which have been presented. This aspect of the dosign.will-test-Hypothesis JX.

The Longitndinal-Investigation-of

the Process of-Change

Since this second aspect of.the program is in considerable degree exploratory, it is not now possible-to formulate allof the hypotheses to be invéstigated. Some of the initial hypotheses can however, be spelled out. They are stated here in general form for. more ready communication, but will be translated into operational hypotheses in terms of the methods described lator in thás atatenent. I. In the initial stages of the process of psychotherapy, physiological changes indicative of an organismic emotional response will frequently occur.in conjuction with verbal statements which are not expressive of emotion.

The rationale here is that feelings which are denied to awarenoss, or which are unaccoptable to the client, will occur at the

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physiological level, but cannot be:given direct verbal oxpression. II. In the later stages pf the process of psychotherapy, physiological changes -indicative of cmotional response will tend to be accompanied by direct verbal expression of an equivalens degree of emotional. response.

The rationale is that as the individual.can admit his experiences in awareness, ard feel acceptirigly toward them,-his-verbal expression, in a safe therspeutic relationship,-will\_come\_to.match his organismic state.

III. In the condition specified under I ( where verbal, oxprcssion is not congruent with physiological reaction).tho physiological deviation from the normal will tend to persist.

IV. In the condition specified under 1I (-where\_there is, generally speaking, a congruənde between-verbal-expression-end physiological reaction) the physiological deviations will tend \_to be-dischorged, and the indicators return to the normal state.

These two hypotheses are based in part-on the psychological theory of the process of therapy, and in part on the findings of Thetford ( 38), whose study showed that when individuals were frustrated, the physiological reactions to frustration-subsided more rapidly in those subjects who had group therapy. The findings fron. this part of the study will, or course, be related:to the findings under hypethesis t II of the Cross-Secional Investigation.

V. In those segments of the rucorded interviows which are independently judged, on a psychological basis, to be C

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there will be found to de significantly greater physiological changes

than in other ségments of the same interview.

Since these-moments include feelings of anxiety and fear at boing

"now" and changed, end at the same time feelings of intense-satisfac-

tion in the process of chango, the physiological roactions will doubt-

less be complcx, and will roquire much exploratory study.

C VI. n peak in therapy the physiological

indices of emotional response will precede therverbal. statement of,

.or deseription of, that feeling.

VII. The physiological resctions of the therepist; during the therepeutic intorview,:will tond to match, in direction but not in degrce, the physiological reactions of the client.

[PAGE 402]
This hypothesis is based on the interesting work reported by DiMascio and Boyd ( 5). It suggests that such characteristics of the therapist's interaction as empathy and acceptance have a physiological as well as a psychological aspect. In the-long run it may help to distinguish between belationships-which have-a-therapeutic potential, and those which do not..

VIII. A further direction-of inquiry, which.cannot at this point be stated as an hypothcsis,-relates to-the-neurological-events in moments when personality change.secms to bo occurring.-What happons when  a pre== viously repressed feeling-"bubbles through"-into awareness? Could it be that the emotional response has boen, up to this-point, organized at the hypothalamic levcl and that-it now becomes a function of the. cortex as well?. This would be in lino with tho thinking of Papez ( 29) throogh
who points out that the Emotional responses-are-certainly possible without cortical participation, the subjective. experiencing of an emotion is not possible without such cortical participation. Could it be that in the psychological. safoty of the therapeutic relationship the barriers to neural communication between.the hypothalamic and cortical levels tend to disappear? Could such a noural event be the physiological expcrience to which clients often refer in such mcments? These are relatively naive questions, on which we need expert neurophysiological consultatibn to determine whether it is possible to formulate any testable hypotheses in this area. It is, however, a direction of inquiry which we hopo we may be able to take.

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Method

The essential framework of this longitudinsl portion of the research is the study, over time, of the individual case, through continuous recording of data, and through repeated measurements taken at intervals of time.

Clients or patients will be utilized for the.study who are willing to participate in the rosearch, understanding that the meaa" surements taken have value for-the-advancement of science, but wil] not affect their owm therapy one way-or another.--(Frevious experience indicates that it will be cntirely possible to obtain such subjects, particularly where the client with little\_in the way\_of financial resources realizes that this is an avenue:by which he can "pay his Way", and obtain the bénefits of working with an experiencedtherapist,at\_\_ no cash cost to himself.)

Using a behavior polygraph modified for the purposes of this study, the aim would be to obtain a continuous recording of as.many of the previously mentioned physiological variables-as proved to be feasible without seriously interfering-with-the-therapeutic relationship.

On the psychological side a studio-quality-tape recording of the interview wiil be made, which will provide the basis-for continuous measures of such variables as: stage of process in therapy; remoteness vs. imnediacy of experiencing of feeling;. .degree:of self-involvement in expression of feeling; quality of the therapeutic relationship

current attitudes toward self; feeling expressed

in voice tone; feeling expressed in words.

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In addition' to these continuing measures there might be some physiological measures taken at intervals, probably before and aftcr. each interview, based on bio-chemical-analysisofurine. and blood samples.

On the psychological side additional. measures would be taken at intervals, such as a Q-sort of the self and the ideal self, a Q-sort. for the qualities of the actual relationship\_and the ideal relationship and a dcscription of moments experienced as significant-in eabh-interview, obtained separately fron client and therapist. The methods for-- this portion of the study would bo drawm"from previous research in psychotherapy as carried on by the Counseling Center.of the University of Chicago (33) and by other inyestigators.(\_27)

A Gradval Approach

In a study involving so many technical complexities of instrumentation, it woulid not be the aim to begin on a grand scale. It is planned that both the cross-sectional and longitudinal aspects will begin with limited pilot studies;-and-be expanded as experience dictates. In the longitudinal"study"some of "the proposed-measures will initially be obtained from the client alone.--Based.on.this experience, further measures would be added ( and some might be-eliminated). Gradually the study will. be extended to obtain the same measures from the therapist.

Analysis of Data

The data from the physiological and psychological measures in both aspects of the study would be prepared in such forn that they could be used in two ways. The data would be used directly to test

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the specific hypotheses which have been stated ( or others which might bo developod).· It would also be anályzed by factor analysis to discover the inherent, order in-the data, and thus to generate new hypotheses for future testing. In the longitudinal portion of the study at
the adaption of factor analysis would be the P techinique as used by Luborsky ( 20) or the still more recent, method.of. Successive Sets Analysis being ċeveloped by J. M. Butlor.

Significance

This is a basic program of-study of-the-relationship of psychelogical to physiological variables in various\_personality states,and in the process of personality change.---There-is-no immediate or obvious appliation of its.findings-, but this by nomeans implies a lack of significance in its findings...

There has been a growing-interest-in-studying-the whole person in interaction with his envirorment, recognizing that such studies-will supplement and may even to some. extent supplant\_the\_highly segmented investigations of human behavior which have been so common.\_The. pro. gram which is proposed aims at the core of the intoraction of the whole man with his environment, by aiming at the dynamic and motiva-- tional aspect of that interaction, the feelings and emotions,.

The cross-sectional aspect of the program should throw light on the basic nature of psychopathology and maladjustment. It holds promise of illuminating such concepts as repression and maladaptive functioning in new terms which involvo both psyche and soma. It could lead to more fúndamental ways of differentiating botween normal and pathological states, and between different types of pathologies.

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The longitidinal portion of the program will extend still further our knowledge of the process by which personality, attitudes, and behavior may change in fundamental ways. Previous research in psychotherapy -- in which we have had some part -- has-been largcly psychological in nature. Now it is proposed-in-this-study to heighten tho magnifying power of the microscope, as it were, to obtain much more . complete and conplex data about tho processofpersonality change. We propose to do so by aiming a comprehensive intcr-disciplinary investigation at the whole person --physiological-and -psychological -- during those moments when significant-change appearsto be\_occurring.-Ifther are any positivò discoveries at all, they should, in the long run, havç significant implications for psychotherapy, education, trainingof leaders, training, of scientists, and any field in thich altcration of personality and behavior is a part of the goal. Such discoveries secm certain to have. meaning in a world wherethe\_increasing rapidity of. the rate of acquisition of knowledge, and of technological and cultural change, imply that man's continuing existence on this planct will depend primarily on his ability to change and adapt.

Facilities and Setting

provides a particularly good setting
for such research. It has an onviable reputation for case of inter
departmental cooperation. It has competent workers in closely allied
fields related to this study: Dr. -has carried on research and psychologists, have worked along lines, of

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tin medicine, is experienced in B researchj Dr. would be available for consultation on problemo; tho department of biochemistry is available for consultation regarding biochemical assays which may be attempted; and Dr. is available for consultative help in the field of

Space is a more difficult problem but there scems to be reasonable assurance that a projected-extension of space for the Department of Psychiatry will provide adequato rosearch spaco.

Principal Investigators

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Salaries of 3 principal investigators paid in full by B

2 project assistants or associates (Trainəd in some combination of electronics, clinical psychology, and clectronic data analysis, part or full time)- \$6500

Research assistants @ \$1920 3840

Modifiers for polygraph 1000

Recording machines 1000

Analogue Computer 1500

Haterials and supplies 500

Clerical assistance 1500

Travel 1000

Remodeling of space 2000

\*The major item of needed equipment, a high grade behavior polygraph, is being made available to us part-time through the generous cooperation of Dr. Nepartmcnt of Physiology.

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Budget Roquested

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The program will undoubtedly continue for several years but it is unrealistic at this point to try to projcct the budget beyond the autumn of 1959.

The success of the venture will úndoubtedly rest upon obtaining the help of one or prcferably two men trained in the psychological field, in the field of electronic instrumentation and.in\_the field of mechanical data analysis. We have an agreement with one such man and have hopes of finding another.

The travel iten is to permit one or more. of the investigators-to visit projects in-other centers involving similar instrumentation.

The vrgent need is for\_funds for the preliminary nine month period. We believe that on the basis of that experience we could apkor some similar organiproach zation for sizeable continuing support

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Comments on Budget

[PAGE 410]
1. Alexander, F. Psychoanalytic study of a case of ossential hypertension. Psychosom. Med., 1939, 1, 139-152.

2. Anderson, R.F. Physiological and verbal behavior during clientcentered counseling. J. counsel. Psychol., 1956, 3, 17h-18h.

3. Cohn, R., The influcnce of emotion on the human electroencephalogram. J. nerv. ment. Dis., 1916, 10l, 351-357.

4. Diethelm, 0., Fleetwood, F,& Milhorat, A.T, The predictable association pf certain emotions and biochemical changes in the blood. Res. publ. ass. nerv. ment. Dis., 1950, 29, 262-278.

5. Diřascio, A., & Boyd, R.W.Interpersonal physiology: a study of physiological concomitants of tension, tension release, and antagonism during psychotherapy. Amer. Psychol@gist, 1956,11, 363 (abstract).

6. Fabisch, W., & Fellner, C. Excrction of hippuric acid in schizophrenic and depressive patients after F.C.T. Psychosom. Med., 1957, 19 (4), 320.

7. Fey, V.F. Acceptance by others-and-its-relation-to acceptance. of self and others: a re-evaluation.-J. abnorm. soc. Fsychol., 1955, 50, 27u-276.

9. Funkenstein, D.H. The physiology of-fear-and anger, Sci. Amer. 1955, 192 (5), 71-80,

10. Funkenstein, D.H., King,S.H., & Drobette, Margaret R. Mastery of Stress: Cambridge: Harvard Univer.. Press,1957.

11. Glickstein, M., Chevalier, J.A,, Korchin, S.J., Basowitz, H., Sabashin, M., Hanbnrg, D.A.,& Grinker, R.R. Temporal heart rate in anxious patients. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat.,"1957, 78, 101-106.

12. Goodell, Helen, Graham, D.T., & Folff, H.G.Changes in body heat regulation associated with varying life situations and emotional states. Rés. publ. ass. nerv. ment, lis., 1950, 29, h18-432.

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Selected-References

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1h. Holmes, T.H., Goodell, H., Wolf, S., & Volff, H.G. Changes in the nasal function associated with variations in emotional state and life situation. Trans. Amer. acad, .opthol. Otolaryngol, l9h7, May-June, 3-14.

15. Iflund, B. Selective recall of meaningful material as related to psychoanalytic foruulations in certain psychiatric syndromes. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Univer. of California, 1953.

17. Lasswell, H.D. Verbal references-and physiological changes during psychoanalytic interviews:--a-reliminary comunication. Psychoanal. Rev., 1935, 22, 10-24.

20. Juborsky, I. Intra-individual repetitive mcasurements (P technique) in understanding psychotherapic change. In O.h. Mowrer (Ed,) Psychotherapy, thoory and research. New York: Ronald Press, 1953.

22. Malino, R.B.,Shagass, C, & lleslam,- R.M. Blood pressure response to repeated brief stress in psychoneurosis: a study of adaptation. Canad. J. Psycho1., 1951,-5, 167-179.

24. Mittelmann, B. Emotions and,skin temperature: observations on patients during psychotherapic (psychoanalytic) intervicws. Psychosom..Med., 1943, 5, 211-231.

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.21

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Principal Investigators

C

[PAGE 415]
I have spent several hours searching my files for the budget which I submitced and for-records of actual expenditures during ny 1959-1960 investigation Thus far I have found neither, though I feel certain I brought them back from . I shall continue:the search if you require-a-detailed statement of\_ expenditures, but I am not certain what you wish by way of an: accounting.

The initial grant, as-I-recall,was-for-\$6000,00. The bulk of this was used in lieu of-half my regular salary at the University. The remainder was budgeted for personal assistance, travel, and a tape recorder for verbatim intervieW-recording.Assistance money was used for having questionnaires typed and mimeographed. Travel money was for ty fare to and fromand for traveling to villages where:the questioanaires:and-interviews\_wete\_administered. In the spring of 1960, an additional\_sum (about\_\$400):was provided -for special assistance in gathering additional data. This was used to have information copied.from the recorts.of the
and from.marriage and divorce records.

In short, I adhered to-the.submitted budget as closely as possible, although I ultimately\_was\_forced\_to uge my own money\_for some expenses which excccded vy expectations, especially local travel.

If the above statenent is inadequate, let me know and I shall make another effort to locate\_wy records.

I havo exanired and approved the eubmitted expendituroa.

Sincerely yours,.

Professor of Sociblogy

TSS/ChontcaL, Diviston

[PAGE 416]
DRAFT A 31 July 1957

MEMORANDUM FOR: THE RECORD

SUBJECT : Individual Grant Under MKULTRA Subproject No. 74

1. Subject to the approval of C/TSS the Board of has rec-Directors ommended that a grant be made to Dr. College in for the purpose of interviewing so called in accordance with the attached proposal.

2.\_Financial participatton in the above described activity will,-in the.opinion of the Board of Directors,and-TSS/CD and will in-B materially aid in authenticating the cover of addition result in augrneuting the findings of the projects 3c at nd

3. The total cost of this grant will amount to
\$500. 00 for a period of 3 months starting 1 July 1957, Charges
should be made against Allotment,8-2502-10-001. 7

4.-Payment will be made and monies will be accounted for directly to in accordance witkB accounting procedures. All equipment purchased will be expendable and purchase of permanent equipinent wili not be authorized.

74-259

[PAGE 417]
C -5. Dr. is not aware of the true sponsor of and no clearance procedures will be instituted for hini. No TSS or other Agency personnel will make contact with him.

Chicf, Branch III TSS/Chemical Division

APPROVED FOR OBLIGATIONAPPIOVed: OF FUNDS:

Research Director

Acting Chief TSS/Chemical Division

Date: Jaly-31-1957=

Attachod: Proposal

Distribution: Original only

74-259

[PAGE 418]
I. The project consists of further investigation on the Incident in interviewing so called This will consist of a Sociological interview and psychological testing.

II. The purpose is to be able to strength the findings of other studies and to determine if possible any deviations in motivations, attitudes and reactions in and non individuals in another country, and those that sottled here.

11I. This is definitely pertinent to\_our\_interests. Are there differences betweend and nórt that can be easily identified and of what significance these differences are.

JV. As far as we know the other.studies.being done.on the are not concontrating on these aspects. of the problem.

V. is the principal investigator. He is a sociologists teaching at and was recomnended by Dr

VI. A grant of \$500 initially will be needed with possibly another \$500 due on return.The period.covered will be -. 3 months.

VII.DrsA and were in complete agreement that this part of the stuoy be done in order to help validate the andstudy.

74-259

July. 23, 1957

[PAGE 419]
C→ Executive Secretary B→

B We\_are.enclosing our-financtal statenent covering the grant to Dr. for the period Octcber 1, 1958 to September 3, 1959.NC

SctonTl

[PAGE 420]
October-1, 1958 to September 30, 1959

Funds Receiyed

\$2,000.00

Expenditures:

Salaries

1,710.94

Professional Services

Supplies and Equipment: 209.06

TOTAL Expenditures

2,000.00

Balance Septmeber-30,1959=

: I have examined and approved the submitted exponditures.

74-260

Date:

TSS/Chomtcal Division

[PAGE 421]
I am pleased to sckoowledge your letter of September 25th Informing me tha -B B- whas approved s grart-ln-aid in the amount of \$2, 000 βC .to support a study to be directed by Dr, The conditions cet forth in your letter ere completely acceptable to the University.

Pleaee express my warm thanks to the members of your B board fontwelcome support of this promising rescarch.

October 6, 1958

[PAGE 422]
MEMORANDUM FOR: THE RECORD

SUBJECT.

:. Individual Grant under Projcct MKULTRA Subproject 74

1. Subject to the approval of Chief, TSS, the Board of Directora-

B has recommended

C.. that a grant be made to Prof; University to support hie work on the factors which influence the performance

C{ The major portion cf this project is being supported by B-. study.

2. Financial participation in the above debcribed activity will, in the opinion of the Board of Directors and TSS/CD, materially aid

B in authenicating the cover of tand in addition will provide a source of reliable information of interest to the Agency, since

\- Prof.has agreed to include certain standard test forms related

B to the asseaement program in his study as a service to

3.· Thc total cost of this grant will amount to \$2, 000. 00 for a period of one year. Charges should be made against allotment 9-2502-15-902.

4.  The grant will be handled through B aę a cover grant and sufficient accounting therefore will consist of evidence of disbursement

0

79-262

DRAFTA 15 September 1958

[PAGE 423]
B of the funds by No purcbase of equipment is involved in

the project,

$5 .$ No clearcd or witting persons are concerned with the

conduct of the project.

APPROVED FOR DISBURSEMENT OF FUNDS:

Research Director

Date: Deps 18.7948.

Distribution: Original only

74.262

[PAGE 424]
8 December 1960

MEMORANOUM FOR THE RECORD

BC SURJECT Propceal

C vos mode to acceot the recoprondation of 1. At the repearch mecting of 12/8/60, a decision that
S. C the proicct be approved for an expenditure of i,500 over a three-year period for the support of 5 the through 763. This wi11 be funded through Cover Grants.

. 2.It vas suggested that be apprised of the fact that ve find considereble vatus to the existence of the S.nt that. shouldit dovelop that support from other scurces 3s not forthconing ovor the next three-year period/ wo reconsider tho level of funding..

SIDREY GOTTLIEB

Note: Orig. signed copy of this memo filed in MKULTRA Subproject 7h"Coyer Grants"

74-263

[PAGE 425]
November 29, 1960

Memorandum to:  Sid

BCf Subject: Project Proposal - Dr.

B, C, f B

Attached is a letter opplication from Dr. requesting support In the amount of \$8, 390. 56 for continuation of tha which we founded,through 1963.

B, c,f f

We feel that the has been successful in providing us
appropriate publicity in the scientific communily, in discovering new
scientists throughout tho world,ond in gaining access to thel However, we have expended \$13, 800 in éstablishing the and, feel that other sources of funding should be developed. Con-
Sequenfly, We recommnend thot a grant of \$4, 500 be made for support of the
project through 1963. In the process of making the grant, we will encourage o supploment the gront from other sources.

Enc: 2 copies

74-264

[PAGE 426]
74-264

Hovember 9th, 1960.

C Thanks to the generous support by your. B.5 ous issue Ths curpose or this letter is to ask you for cons tinued support. though at a reduced scale.

As you may, remember,-our-efforts in the field of B.8 iate back to 1955. It was hen that às a: joint undertaking of th B.f nd o f th4 C,f prevalence and nature of and I mailed a numbor of questionnaires concernine.l B, f a number of The nature of the response was such as to asure vely interest in collaborative researchf, unication, exchanges of ideas and discussions or problemse Based on the replies to our questionnaire, our first was prepared; B.f it appeared in

Heginningmodestly with pages, sent toe B.dthe quickly blossomed:out until by now there are pages per copy and well over correspondents in "To-hundred.have contributed at Ieast once, from over The contents of each issue includes not only research and general observations, but theoretical considorations and eritiques as well. The growth is further reflected in the increasing number of paying aubscribers, which now stands at Many interested subscribers and valuable contributors are unable to pay the ncdest subscription fee owing to

[PAGE 427]
E-.rly in our efrorts it occurred to us that the network of correspondents which has been established might be used as a research instrunent. Accordingly, presents a cross-cultural survey of based on the replies to a questiornaire sent to our correspondents for this specific purpose., The results obtained encourage continuation of. surveys of this kind.

Feeling thus that the has fimaly estaplished itself as a useful means of I wish to ap:ly for continuation oir hore permanent basis: Following is an itemized account of expected income and expenditure for the years 1961-1902-1963.

1961 BUDGET

Expected Income

Bf Grant fron \$1,500.00 minus 81,455.00

b.f Funds.remaining from 1960 after expenses have been subtracted
C plus Subscriptions 1,824.44

Estimated income from Subscriptions for l961 (subscriptions have been raised to for f students 1,000.00

Estimated Expenditures

B.Twt a,prox. 1,00.00each (1200 copies) \$2,00.00

C, Editorial Salarięs: 1,000.00
1,000.00
Secretarial Salary 1,560.00

Miscellaneous (filing cabinet, personalized stationery, translation fees, books, etc.) 300.00.

74-264

[PAGE 428]
On the basis of the above, I wish to. submit to your for the sum of ,390.56 to be used over the next three years. Hoping that this proposal meets with your approval, I remain,

74-264

Noveuaber 9th, 1960.

1962 BUDGET

[PAGE 429]
A Menorandun to

Subject:

Contimuation of support for the task is.requested. vustiiication for

1. Tho has kept the Linformed in the rapidly developing field of In many of the so called the has maintained contact with scientists who are observing and measuring the iupact of values and g technology. This could prove to be of valuo in planning activities in some of these areas.

The Thas publicized the

fulfills one of the charter purposes of the the dissemipation of knowledge and research fincings in

represents potentially valuable contacts in the it now reaches.

Tho services of Dr. and Dr. aro obtained as consultants without additional payment

2 Attached are an accownting for funds expended from Septomber 1957 through February 1960 and a proposed budget for 1960.

Apr11 14, 1960

[PAGE 430]
ACCOUNTING FOR FUNDS EXPENDED ON

Receipts: Sept. 1957 \$ 500.00
Nov. 1958 4,225.00
Apr.\_1959 600.00
Dec. 1959 750.00

C Total Receipts from the

\$6,075.00

Expondituces:

Newsletters f3= 17

U. S. Discount on funds 191.51
Postage 559.50
4,650.00
Salaries
Printing & Duplicating -1;308.07
Covers and Bindings 413.75
Supplies 62.15

Total Expenditures through Feb. 1960\$2.184.98

\$1,109.98

I hava examined and approved the submitted expenditurea.

April 14, 1960

74-265

Date: 21 Guly 1960

TSS/Chomical Division

[PAGE 431]
January1, 1960- December 31, 1960

[PAGE 432]
51e 了2
5Pec sPec
502c 5D
2

Penarke Meeting.. 14co 8 Dec..

74-266

[PAGE 434]
Ihank you very much for your letter of-November 23rd and the enclosed check of 750.(which-incidentally disagrees with your letter Bf which reads S725 which reads s725.-however-if you-don't-nind we could carry over the extra .) As awill confirn the now in press is suoerior ir quality-to-its predecessors. Interesting, material continues to be sent to us; there is already enough for

I would indeed be grateful to you for having an opportunity to
discuss with you lonfer range planning and-wonder-in this connection whether
you could spare spne time on-Saturday- Decenber 5th at lunch tine. I have
to attend a neeting of tre in the morning and will leave for,

"one of is irtends-to atteni-the conference inbut permitting I shall speak in ih January. and-in-September as you know I shall be in

I greatly aporeciate your friendly comments on mye paper. Since its completion I have received-so-:uch-material fron various that I would be indeed in a position\_to\_prepare a.mich fuller version.

Yours sincerely,

74F

[PAGE 435]
74-269

November 23, 1959

I ara sorry that I didn't got fo visit you with becouso thore Is a great deal thst we need to talk over.. I owe you a vote of thanks for somg of the people you suggosted that I meet Inaparticutorty

Lopfreciated, too, the chancs to reod your paper which you are preporing for rext yeur. The one comment I would have is that the requlremest of think you ought to consider dolng a book on the sublect if you ever have the opporlvnliy.

Lostly, in response to your letter of the-18th, enclosed is our check for \$725, 00 which appoors to be adoquate for Nawsletter #7. Perhaps we should try to get fogothar In early 1960 to discuss longer rango plaoniagc but, ot thls polnt, I om roluctont to try to sot a date for onother visit to I seem to be more fotlgued from travel now than any fha in the lost yeor, and there really ore more. plocos tiot I sheuld be poing than eny period since I have been with tho

b.f

Aro any of your pcople aftending the conferance In Iate Decombor?

Ecst regards.

Slnceroly yours,

Ener 1 snd check

[PAGE 436]
CB

f in Further to my conversation with re , i an aoproaching yoi for adTitional funds to cover on "ovember 12th due to be published in January.

Last ay we received  frant of ooo fron your  This amount, plus 22?.13 left fron the previous total of /27.13 The actual expenses involved in the production of fave us a B, balance having to be paid through other sources.

Therefore, all of the original amount has been spent. The other available financial source, our  suoscriptions fuod, contains 230.00 at presont, which,is the total amount of noney available at present.

[PAGE 437]
74-270

As will be sinilar in form, number of pages, and nunber or copies to be printed, I shouid like to submit the following budget, bascd on tho expenses.of but with two minor changes. The increased amount for postage is to cover the increased number of subscribers to whom we wish to send the by air nail. The increased amount for-gathering-of-pages-is due to the fact that the job will be done this time-by-nachine at the printer!s instead of manually, thus cutting out tie necessity for checking. Although the final item, an additional request for money towards the purchase of an Oxford dictionaryidoes not deal specifically with we feel that it would be most useful in the editing of future regarding the consistency in spelling and-grammar.

Froposed Budget

Printing: 1000 copies --81-pp \$535.00

Covers: l000 copies printed Binding of completed Newsletters \$155.00

Gathering of pages \$ 60:00

11000 17.00

1 Oxford Standard Dictionary \$-25.00

\$952.60 8 724.0υ

BS Subtracting fromn-the above total the 230.oo presently available, S/22,o0 is still required for the production and distribution of Hoping that our request meets with your approval, I renain,

I have oxaminod and approved the eubaittod exponditurea.

TSS/Chomlcal Divioion

Yours sincerely,

Dato: 57elwary 1960

[PAGE 438]
74-271

October 23, 1959

Dcar Mem

The enclosed check for \$187. 50 completes poyment for the five articles frond Thank you very much for your services.

trauslating

Rusiano Sincerely yours,

Enclosure

[PAGE 439]
Ocsober 14, 1959

74-272

C Door Mr:

I am enctesing a check for \$98, 75 as payment for translotion of the articles listed balow.

V’e have found the work In all respects satisfactory.

Sincerely yours,

Enclosure

[PAGE 440]
opri: 28, 1959

Brcloved plesse find tho (\$600.00 for tho production on

1 The check has been made out tol for the asunl pessons.

Sincerely,

[PAGE 441]
74-274

April 23, 1959

Thank you for your vonderful hospitality on our visit; I om sory we didn't have longer for discussion. Thonk you also for your accounting. I am taking steps now to fransmit \$600.00 to you for the production of nd request that you consider whether on equol amount will be odequate for the production of tha This we con take up ot a loter date, but  wanted to roise the consideration.

I had o very Interesting mesting with We concluded cur conversations with tha suggestlon tha prepore an integrated Frososol on research omong thet: to be suhmitted Through you to The the support fer which would ba orronged bythe effer the inilial period. was qulte emphatic that he could ossure support If the work san be gotten underway. I can only congrotulote you for your good fortune In having iaterest ond support; he is a man of breadth and experience.

I have suggested thatdeloy his trip somewhat, but you will be hearing from him directly.

is very much Interested in recclving future I am sure he will be writing to you ond transmitting the subseription fee of \$1. 00, but In the Interim 1 am enctosing his addres:

Best regords.

Sinperely yours,

[PAGE 442]
74-275

Further to cur convorsation of Aprll:16 ins and in accordance with cur correopondenoe of last Doceaber, 1953, I an approaching you for additional funds to\_covor duo to ba published in June.

grant, uhich you of been spont:

We aro able to carry over bons noney froa tho prosont have glven us. Of the funds allottod for the publication (irrespective of salaries), tho follosing enounte have

Therefore, \$227.13 of tha @igioal enount is-loft.I-mdght add that 150 additional copion of aro being printod up at no cost to your founiation, ag I shall be paying tho expensos.

Tho cther available financial source is our Subooriptiono fursd. \$218.92 in subocription feos has been rodsived altogather. Of this smount, \$l23.76 han been apent on overtime salarios and genoral office supplies, loaving \$95.16 at our dieposal. Thus, the total smunt of money ava1lable at provent is \$322.29.

I have exanined and approved the subaittod exponditures.

[PAGE 443]
will bə sinilar in fora and mumbor Although
of pages to the pravious issue, tro changoa aro boing-nade which will affect wi.1l be
its budget (soe bolot). Firatly, l00o copios of tho
printed instead of 80o, to meet thà dsnandg of a constantly increasing has informed us that
ciroulation. Secondly, the aa the job has bocone too large
it rafuses to print auy nores
for tho departmont to handlo. Therefore, it will be necossary to engage
a commeroial organization. For those two reasons, production and diatribution costs will be necéssarily increasod.

FROFOSED BODORT

Corzercial printing (as.quoted by one representative ccapany. in the area): 1000 copios of maoters x 8h pp.

\$520.00

Quality Pross;1000 covsrs printed-1000 books bound

150.00

195.00

Vailing Coate

TOTAL

\$865.00

Subtracting from the-abovo-total-tho.\$322.29 presontly avatlable.s5l2s7l is still roquired for the production and distribution

The proposod tudget obviously dosa not cover the issue yhich is in preparation,Questionnaires concerning Lin relation to varying cultures havo baen sent cut to all ovor tho world. It 1s at presont, irpòssible to foretell when sufficient rmtbars of reaponses will-ba available fer analysis and whon the material vill bo ready for publication.

Hoping that our requost meots with your..kind approval, I

resin,

Yours sincerely,

I have examined and approved tho oubnitted exponditures.

Chief TSS/Chomioal Divio1oa Dater 5Fuluay16e

[PAGE 444]
B.C.f P.S. Although the His welladvanced and I boliove thatit will take anothor two or three woeke until wo are ready C fo visit.

[PAGE 445]
74-276

November 6, 1958

Enctased is our check in the amount of \$4, 225, 00 in payment of the
B grant whtch cud hos made to yov. We hove made the check payable
B,f for tox purgoses. Tho following condl» fions apply In tho utilization of taose fonds:

1. A terminal report is to bo submitted ot tho end cf the grant.

2. A termingl occounting of funds expendod shall be provided for our rocords.

3. That th coaleln an acknowlodgemont of the sponsorship by tha

Other than the above conditlons, Itis tequtred that the funds be expended entlrely on tho publicatlon of tha as and thet po profita eccnve to uny Individuat.

The Lobrd of Directors cnd the sctontific advisors to the B mo In wishing you continued success. Pleoon call upon us for any essistance that we moy bo abte to provido.

Slncerely yours,

CF P. S. s hes egrced to rcslst as an Ascletant Edtor, wo hove sobtrocted thu ccet of ca Aosstoat Tolor, \$2,Co0.0o from your proposed telget.

[PAGE 446]
:. Continvation of Individual Grant under MKULTRA, Subproject 74

1. Subject to the approval of Chief/TSS the Board of Directors

of the bas recommended that the grant to the editors oft

continued for an

additional year.

2. Financial participation in the above described activity will, in the opinion of the Board of Directors and TSS/CD, materially aid in authenticating the covor of the fand will in additon resultin providing a useful channel of communication that may contribute to the coordination of screntific efforts by pooling information concerning ongoing research. It is hoped that it will also scrve to introduce persons engaged in such research

and in addition result in spotting and developing useful eources of information and investigations relevaut to the intereets of TSS/CD and other components.of\_the\_Agency. The enormous growth-of intereet and response to thc attests to the usefulness of coutinuing support to the project. It is anticipated that

74-277

DRAFT 15 September 1958

MEMORANDUM FOR: THE RECORD

[PAGE 447]
grant year to attract support from other sources while continuing to serve thé interests of this organization.

3. The total cost of this grant will arnount to \$6; 225. 00 for a period of one year starting 1 Auguat 1958. Charges should be made against Állotinent 9-2502-15.902.-

4. Payment will be rade and monies will be accounted for annually directly to th In accordance withaccounting procedures. Any uaused funds will be.returned to the Title to any permanent equipment purchased under the grant will be retained by the Grantee in lieuof ovorhead.

5.: The Grantees are not aware of the true sponsor of the and no clearance procedures will be inatituted for them. No TSS or other Agency personnel will make contact with the Grantees.

APPROVED FOR DISBURSEMENT OF FUNDS:

Date: Ae pt.18-1958:

O

74-277

Distribution: Origiual only

[PAGE 448]
Sopteuber 3, 1957

Enoloced is our chock in the esownt of \$500.00 in paymont of the crart vüdch our has mado to youa to have rado tho oheck payable to wror tax purposcs. Tho follcting conditlons sppiy in the utilisation of those fonlor

L. A tesdnal roport is to bs subitted after the corpletioa of the phass of rosearch covered by this grant.

2. A torminal accounting of funds oxpended shall be prcvided for our records.

3. That tho contain en sokozlodgecont of tho sponsorzhip by the

Other thsh the above conditions, it is repuired that tho funes be ecccansed entirely on tho publiestion of the and that no proñits acerue to any indávidaal.

Ihe Loard of Diroctors and tho soiectifie advisors to the Bjoin no in uishing you woll in this endeavor. Please call us for ary acsistance that we may bo ahle to provide.

Sincerely.

[PAGE 449]
MEMORANDUM FOR: THE RECORD

SUBJECT

: Individual.Grant Under MKULTRA Subproject No.74

1. Subject to the approval of C/TSS the Board of B Directors of the recommended that a grant be mnade to the egit bf to help de.ray the cost of printing and postage in accordance with the attached proposal.

2. Fipancial participation in the above described activity will, in the opinion of the Board of Directorsand TSS/CD, materially sid in authenticating the cover.of the Aand will in addition resuit in providing a useful channel of communication that may contribute to the coordination of scientific efforts by pooling information concerning on-going research. It is hoped that it will also serve tointroduce persons engaged in such research

3. The total cost of this grant will amount to \$500. 00
for a period of 1year starting l-August 1957.Charges should be made
against Allotment.8-2502-10-001. 7

4. - Payment will be made and monies will be accounted for annually directly to the hin accordance; with accounting procedures. At the end of one year the project will be reviewed and it is possible that continuation of the support will be recommnended. All equipment purchased will be expendable and purchase of permanent equipment will not be authorized.

[PAGE 450]
5. The Grantees are not aware of the true sponsor
of the and no clearance procedures will be instituted for
them. No TSS or other Agency personnel will make contact with the
Grantees. 1

APPROVED FOR OBLIGATION OF FUNDS:-

A Rescarch Director

Date: Suly 31- 1957 Attached:
Propos;

Distribution: Original only

Chicf, Branch IlI TSS/Chemical División

Approved:

A Acting Chief, TSS/Chemnical Division

79.279

2

[PAGE 451]
74-299

3797

Dosied in nntinerky.