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MEMORANDUH FOR: Director of Central Intelligence SUBJECT: Artichoke Cases, June 1952,

1. Petween u June 1952 and 18 June 1952, an I&S0 team, composed of to the Agency Medical attached to the Medical Staff; Staff; H&SO and Messrs I&SO Staff Officers, applied Artichoke techand a nearty safe area in niques to two operational cases

2. In both of the aforementioned cases, the subjects were prolanguage. fessional-type agents and both spoke basically 3 Neither spoke English. The first case involved a medium or low-grade who had gained access to certain secret. Agency inagent, officers stallalions and who had given Agency and varyinf, stories concerning his background. The second case involved an extraction who had previously worked for the jndividual of and who had been turned over to this Agency For possible use and to remove him as a problem for tho lhis second individual was of a much higher type Lhan tho lirst case referred to, having apparently a considerablc amount ol intelligence underaround experience and allegedly having knowledge activities. Poth subjects had been held in solitary confinement for

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sevural months prior to the applicalion of the Artichoke technique and both subjects had had ample opoortunity to solidify and memorize stories concerning their activities prior to ths application of the Artichoke technique.

3. Of unique interest in-this connection is the fact, that in both cases, a deep hypnotic trance state was obtained tnrough an inexperienced interpreton, including the production of amnesia in both subjects.

↓. Frōm an operational point of view, hoth cases were handled in more or less the same manner, with specific differences, howeyer, noted below. Kach subject, upon being brought to the safe house, was informed by the case officer or.the interpretor (by pre-arrangement) that, before any further activity could be decided upon for the subject, it was necessary to Rive them a complete physicaland psychiatric examination to assist in the Roneral assessment of their future capacities. This cover, which was excellently maintained byand and

a(case officers) proved to be entirely successful in Lhe administration of the Artichoke techniques in each case.

5. In the first- case (using a very light dosage of sodium pentothal
coupled with a highiy controlled hypnotic technique), the subject was
placed in a hypnotic trance and held in that state for apnroximately one
hour and forty minutes during which time he was extensively inicrrogated URA LC

(the case officer involved) and AL the termination ol this interrogation, the subject was removed from the hypnotic trance after having previously been given post-hypnotic suggestions for total amnesia. Since amnesia, in Artichoke operations, is of vital importance, it should be noted that, in the opinion of the

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medical officers and all individuals engaged in the application of the Artichoke technique, a total amnesia was obtained in this case, insofar as a could be determined at that time. Subsequent retesting of this individual relative\_this amnesia will be recommended.

6. In the second case, the same techniques mentioned above were applied. As a result, a deep hypnotic trance was obtainedi and the suhject was. ifterrogated under this control for almost one hour and a half. However, in this case, carefuì interrogation of the subject indicated that a partial amnesia only was obtained, probably due to the fact that questioning was continued too long, although rechecking of the subject indicated that a good amnesia was apparently obtained for the carlier and more important parts of this interrogatior

7. Since it was determined by all hands that additional information was desired from the second subject, it was decided to try another Artichoke technique on the following day -- this time holding the combined medical-hypnotic technique in reserve and attacking the subject. with full medication. Results of this Artichoke technique (heavy dosages of gndium pentothal counled with the stimulant Desoxyn) produced an excoptional interrogation, including a remarkahle regression, which. lasted approximately two hours and fifteen minutes and produced, insofar as the Artichoke team was able to ascertain, a total amnesia ∫or the entire period.

8. In conneclion with the above cases and l'or matter of record, both case officers involved, (Case #1) and (Case 2) expressed themselves to the effect 'ha', Trn: thair pints of view, the operations were entirely successful. Fron a technical point

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nf viow, the Artichoke team members felt that .the operations were fully successful and demonstrated ths eflcctiveness of the contined chemical and hypnotic approaches in these cases. In hoth cases, the subject,s talked clearly and at great length and furnished information which. the case officers considered extremely valuable.

9. For mattor of record, the hypnotic inductions were made by I&SO consultant, working through Who carried out, the difficult combined role of interpretor
hypnotist in an excellent manner. Technical arrangements, whicn were
extremely complex and included multiple intercommunication systems and
full tape recordings of the entire proceedings, were handled by of L&S0. Security arrangenerts, including a multiple
guard system and transportation and control of the suhjects, were
handled by the office of under the porsonal diroction of and were outstanding in every respect.

l0. A full technical report involving all details of the Artichoke onerations is being prepared by this office and will be comploted in the immediate fulure. If, however, additional details are presently dosirod hy your office, I&SO will be pleased to furnish them immediately.