// Vulnerability label: IOU1
// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20Basic.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;


/**
 * @title ERC20Basic
 * @dev Simpler version of ERC20 interface
 * See https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/179
 */
contract ERC20Basic {
  function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256);
  function balanceOf(address _who) public view returns (uint256);
  function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) public returns (bool);
  event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;



/**
 * @title ERC20 interface
 * @dev see https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20
 */
contract ERC20 is ERC20Basic {
  function allowance(address _owner, address _spender)
    public view returns (uint256);

  function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _value)
    public returns (bool);

  function approve(address _spender, uint256 _value) public returns (bool);
  event Approval(
    address indexed owner,
    address indexed spender,
    uint256 value
  );
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/math/SafeMath.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;


/**
 * @title SafeMath
 * @dev Math operations with safety checks that throw on error
 */
library SafeMath {

  /**
  * @dev Multiplies two numbers, throws on overflow.
  */
  function mul(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256 c) {
    // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than asserting 'a' not being zero, but the
    // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
    // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-solidity/pull/522
    if (_a == 0) {
      return 0;
    }

    c = _a * _b;
    assert(c / _a == _b);
    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Integer division of two numbers, truncating the quotient.
  */
  function div(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    // assert(_b > 0); // Solidity automatically throws when dividing by 0
    // uint256 c = _a / _b;
    // assert(_a == _b * c + _a % _b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold
    return _a / _b;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Subtracts two numbers, throws on overflow (i.e. if subtrahend is greater than minuend).
  */
  function sub(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    assert(_b <= _a);
    return _a - _b;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Adds two numbers, throws on overflow.
  */
  function add(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256 c) {
    c = _a + _b;
    assert(c >= _a);
    return c;
  }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC20/SafeERC20.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;




/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for ERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
  function safeTransfer(
    ERC20Basic _token,
    address _to,
    uint256 _value
  )
    internal
  {
    require(_token.transfer(_to, _value));
  }

  function safeTransferFrom(
    ERC20 _token,
    address _from,
    address _to,
    uint256 _value
  )
    internal
  {
    require(_token.transferFrom(_from, _to, _value));
  }

  function safeApprove(
    ERC20 _token,
    address _spender,
    uint256 _value
  )
    internal
  {
    require(_token.approve(_spender, _value));
  }
}

// File: contracts/Utils/Ownable.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;

/**
 * @title Ownable
 * @dev The Ownable contract has an owner address, and provides basic authorization control
 * functions, this simplifies the implementation of "user permissions".
 */
contract Ownable {
  address public owner;


  event OwnershipRenounced(address indexed previousOwner);
  event OwnershipTransferred(
    address indexed previousOwner,
    address indexed newOwner
  );


  /**
   * @dev The Ownable constructor sets the original `owner` of the contract to the sender
   * account.
   */
  constructor() public {
    owner = msg.sender;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
   */
  modifier onlyOwner() {
    require(msg.sender == owner, "msg.sender not owner");
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to relinquish control of the contract.
   * @notice Renouncing to ownership will leave the contract without an owner.
   * It will not be possible to call the functions with the `onlyOwner`
   * modifier anymore.
   */
  function renounceOwnership() public onlyOwner {
    emit OwnershipRenounced(owner);
    owner = address(0);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to transfer control of the contract to a newOwner.
   * @param _newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
   */
  function transferOwnership(address _newOwner) public onlyOwner {
    _transferOwnership(_newOwner);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Transfers control of the contract to a newOwner.
   * @param _newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
   */
  function _transferOwnership(address _newOwner) internal {
    require(_newOwner != address(0), "_newOwner == 0");
    emit OwnershipTransferred(owner, _newOwner);
    owner = _newOwner;
  }
}

// File: contracts/Utils/Destructible.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;


/**
 * @title Destructible
 * @dev Base contract that can be destroyed by owner. All funds in contract will be sent to the owner.
 */
contract Destructible is Ownable {
  /**
   * @dev Transfers the current balance to the owner and terminates the contract.
   */
  function destroy() public onlyOwner {
    selfdestruct(owner);
  }

  function destroyAndSend(address _recipient) public onlyOwner {
    selfdestruct(_recipient);
  }
}

// File: contracts/Interfaces/IBadERC20.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;

/**
 * @title Bad formed ERC20 token interface.
 * @dev The interface of the a bad formed ERC20 token.
 */
interface IBadERC20 {
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external;
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external;
    function transferFrom(
      address from,
      address to,
      uint256 value
    ) external;

    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    function balanceOf(
      address who
    ) external view returns (uint256);

    function allowance(
      address owner,
      address spender
    ) external view returns (uint256);

    event Transfer(
      address indexed from,
      address indexed to,
      uint256 value
    );
    event Approval(
      address indexed owner,
      address indexed spender,
      uint256 value
    );
}

// File: contracts/Utils/SafeTransfer.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;


/**
 * @title SafeTransfer
 * @dev Transfer Bad ERC20 tokens
 */
library SafeTransfer {
/**
   * @dev Wrapping the ERC20 transferFrom function to avoid missing returns.
   * @param _tokenAddress The address of bad formed ERC20 token.
   * @param _from Transfer sender.
   * @param _to Transfer receiver.
   * @param _value Amount to be transfered.
   * @return Success of the safeTransferFrom.
   */

  function _safeTransferFrom(
    address _tokenAddress,
    address _from,
    address _to,
    uint256 _value
  )
    internal
    returns (bool result)
  {
    IBadERC20(_tokenAddress).transferFrom(_from, _to, _value);

    assembly {
      switch returndatasize()
      case 0 {                      // This is our BadToken
        result := not(0)            // result is true
      }
      case 32 {                     // This is our GoodToken
        returndatacopy(0, 0, 32)
        result := mload(0)          // result == returndata of external call
      }
      default {                     // This is not an ERC20 token
        revert(0, 0)
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Wrapping the ERC20 transfer function to avoid missing returns.
   * @param _tokenAddress The address of bad formed ERC20 token.
   * @param _to Transfer receiver.
   * @param _amount Amount to be transfered.
   * @return Success of the safeTransfer.
   */
  function _safeTransfer(
    address _tokenAddress,
    address _to,
    uint _amount
  )
    internal
    returns (bool result)
  {
    IBadERC20(_tokenAddress).transfer(_to, _amount);

    assembly {
      switch returndatasize()
      case 0 {                      // This is our BadToken
        result := not(0)            // result is true
      }
      case 32 {                     // This is our GoodToken
        returndatacopy(0, 0, 32)
        result := mload(0)          // result == returndata of external call
      }
      default {                     // This is not an ERC20 token
        revert(0, 0)
      }
    }
  }

  function _safeApprove(
    address _token,
    address _spender,
    uint256 _value
  )
  internal
  returns (bool result)
  {
    IBadERC20(_token).approve(_spender, _value);

    assembly {
      switch returndatasize()
      case 0 {                      // This is our BadToken
        result := not(0)            // result is true
      }
      case 32 {                     // This is our GoodToken
        returndatacopy(0, 0, 32)
        result := mload(0)          // result == returndata of external call
      }
      default {                     // This is not an ERC20 token
        revert(0, 0)
      }
    }
  }
}

// File: contracts/Utils/Pausable.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;



/**
 * @title Pausable
 * @dev Base contract which allows children to implement an emergency stop mechanism.
 */
contract Pausable is Ownable {
  event Pause();
  event Unpause();

  bool public paused = false;


  /**
   * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
   */
  modifier whenNotPaused() {
    require(!paused, "The contract is paused");
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is paused.
   */
  modifier whenPaused() {
    require(paused, "The contract is not paused");
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev called by the owner to pause, triggers stopped state
   */
  function pause() public onlyOwner whenNotPaused {
    paused = true;
    emit Pause();
  }

  /**
   * @dev called by the owner to unpause, returns to normal state
   */
  function unpause() public onlyOwner whenPaused {
    paused = false;
    emit Unpause();
  }
}

// File: contracts/Interfaces/IBZxLoanToken.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.0;

interface IBZxLoanToken {
    function transfer(address dst, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
    function transferFrom(address src, address dst, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
    function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    function loanTokenAddress() external view returns (address);
    function tokenPrice() external view returns (uint256 price);
//    function mintWithEther(address receiver) external payable returns (uint256 mintAmount);
    function mint(address receiver, uint256 depositAmount) external returns (uint256 mintAmount);
//    function burnToEther(address payable receiver, uint256 burnAmount) external returns (uint256 loanAmountPaid);
    function burn(address receiver, uint256 burnAmount) external returns (uint256 loanAmountPaid);
}

// File: contracts/BZxLoanTokenSwap.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;








/**
 * @title TokenSwap.
 * @author Eidoo SAGL.
 * @dev A swap asset contract. The offerAmount and wantAmount are collected and sent into the contract itself.
 */
contract BZxLoanTokenSwap is Pausable, Destructible
{
  using SafeMath for uint;
  using SafeTransfer for ERC20;
  address constant ETHER = address(0);
  uint constant expScale = 1e18;
  uint constant rateDecimals = 18;
  uint constant rateUnit = 10 ** rateDecimals;

  IBZxLoanToken public loanToken;

  address public wallet;

  uint public spread;
  uint constant spreadDecimals = 6;
  uint constant spreadUnit = 10 ** spreadDecimals;

  event LogWithdrawToken(
    address indexed _from,
    address indexed _token,
    uint amount
  );

  event LogTokenSwap(
    address indexed _userAddress,
    address indexed _userSentTokenAddress,
    uint _userSentTokenAmount,
    address indexed _userReceivedTokenAddress,
    uint _userReceivedTokenAmount
  );

  event LogFee(address token, uint amount);

  /**
   * @dev Contract constructor.
   * @param _loanTokenAddress  The LoanToken in the pair.
   * @param _wallet The wallet for fees.
   * @param _spread The initial spread (in millionths).
   */
  constructor(
    address _loanTokenAddress,
    address _wallet,
    uint _spread
  )
    public
  {
    require(_wallet != address(0), "_wallet == address(0)");
    loanToken = IBZxLoanToken(_loanTokenAddress);
    wallet = _wallet;
    spread = _spread;
  }

  function() external {
    revert("fallback function not allowed");
  }

  function setWallet(address _wallet) public onlyOwner {
    require(_wallet != address(0), "_wallet == address(0)");
    wallet = _wallet;
  }

  function setSpread(uint _spread) public onlyOwner {
    spread = _spread;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Withdraw asset.
   * @param _tokenAddress Asset to be withdrawed.
   * @return bool.
   */
  function withdrawToken(address _tokenAddress)
    public
    onlyOwner
  {
    uint tokenBalance;
    if (_tokenAddress == ETHER) {
      tokenBalance = address(this).balance;
      msg.sender.transfer(tokenBalance);
    } else {
      tokenBalance = ERC20(_tokenAddress).balanceOf(address(this));
      ERC20(_tokenAddress)._safeTransfer(msg.sender, tokenBalance);
    }
    emit LogWithdrawToken(msg.sender, _tokenAddress, tokenBalance);
  }

  /******************* rate functions for interface compatibility *******************/

  function buyRate() public view returns(uint) {
    return getAmount(rateUnit, false);
  }

  function buyRateDecimals() public pure returns(uint) {
    return rateDecimals;
  }

  function sellRate() public view returns(uint) {
    return getAmount(rateUnit, true);
  }

  function sellRateDecimals() public pure returns(uint) {
    return rateDecimals;
  }

  /******************* end rate functions *******************/

  function _getExchangedAmount(uint _amount, bool _isRedeem) internal view returns(uint) {
    uint rate = loanToken.tokenPrice();
    return _isRedeem
      ? _amount.mul(rate).div(expScale)
      : _amount.mul(expScale).div(rate);
  }

  function _getFee(uint loanTokenTotal) internal view returns(uint) {
    return loanTokenTotal.mul(spread).div(spreadUnit);
  }

  /**
 * @dev For interface compatibility. Function to calculate the number of tokens the user is going to receive.
 * @param _offerTokenAmount The amount of tokens.
 * @param _isRedeem If true, the offered token is the LoanToken, otherwise is the underlying token.
 * @return uint.
 */
  function getAmount(uint _offerTokenAmount, bool _isRedeem)
    public view returns(uint toUserAmount)
  {
    if (_isRedeem) {
      // fee is always in LoanToken, when redeeming the LoanToken is the offered token
      uint fee = _getFee(_offerTokenAmount);
      toUserAmount = _getExchangedAmount(_offerTokenAmount.sub(fee), _isRedeem);
    } else {
      uint amount = _getExchangedAmount(_offerTokenAmount, _isRedeem);
      // fee is always in LoanToken, when minting the LoanToken is the received token
      toUserAmount = amount.sub(_getFee(amount));
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Release purchased asset to the buyer based on pair rate.
   * @param _userOfferTokenAddress The token address the purchaser is offering (It may be the quote or the base).
   * @param _userOfferTokenAmount The amount of token the user want to swap.
   * @return bool.
   */
  function swapToken (
    address _userOfferTokenAddress,
    uint _userOfferTokenAmount
  )
    public
    whenNotPaused
    returns (bool)
  {
    require(_userOfferTokenAmount != 0, "_userOfferTokenAmount == 0");
    require(
      ERC20(_userOfferTokenAddress).allowance(msg.sender, address(this)) >= _userOfferTokenAmount,
      "ERC20 allowance < _userOfferTokenAmount"
    );
    address underlying = loanToken.loanTokenAddress();
    // check if offered token address is the base or the quote token address
    require(
      _userOfferTokenAddress == underlying || _userOfferTokenAddress == address(loanToken),
      "_userOfferTokenAddress not in pair"
    );
    bool isRedeem = _userOfferTokenAddress == address(loanToken);
    uint toUserAmount;
    uint fee;

    // get user's tokens
    ERC20(_userOfferTokenAddress)._safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), _userOfferTokenAmount);

    if (isRedeem) {
      require(
        loanToken.burn(address(this), _userOfferTokenAmount) > 0,
        "cannot redeem the LoanToken"
      );
      uint redeemedAmount = _getExchangedAmount(_userOfferTokenAmount, isRedeem);
      require(
        ERC20(underlying).balanceOf(address(this)) >= redeemedAmount,
        "No enough underlying tokens after redeem"
      );
      fee = _getFee(redeemedAmount);
      toUserAmount = redeemedAmount.sub(fee);
      require(toUserAmount > 0, "toUserAmount must be greater than 0");
      require(
        ERC20(underlying)._safeTransfer(msg.sender, toUserAmount),
        "cannot transfer underlying token to the user"
      );
    } else {
      fee = _getFee(_userOfferTokenAmount);
      uint toSwap = _userOfferTokenAmount.sub(fee);
      ERC20(_userOfferTokenAddress)._safeApprove(address(loanToken), toSwap);
      require(
        loanToken.mint(address(this),toSwap) > 0,
        "cannot mint the LoanToken"
      );
      toUserAmount = _getExchangedAmount(toSwap, isRedeem);
      require(loanToken.balanceOf(address(this)) >= toUserAmount, "No enough CTokens after mint");
      require(toUserAmount > 0, "toUserAmount must be greater than 0");
      require(
        loanToken.transfer(msg.sender, toUserAmount),
        "cannot transfer the LoanToken to the user"
      );
    }
    // get the fee
    if (fee > 0) {
      require(
        ERC20(underlying)._safeTransfer(wallet, fee),
        "cannot transfer the LoanToken to the wallet for the fees"
      );
      emit LogFee(address(loanToken), fee);
    }

    emit LogTokenSwap(
      msg.sender,
      _userOfferTokenAddress,
      _userOfferTokenAmount,
      isRedeem ? underlying : address(loanToken),
      toUserAmount
    );
    return true;
  }


}

// File: contracts/Interfaces/MakerDAO.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.0;

interface MakerDAO_ScdMcdMigration {
    // Function to swap SAI to DAI
    // This function is to be used by users that want to get new DAI in exchange of old one (aka SAI)
    // wad amount has to be <= the value pending to reach the debt ceiling (the minimum between general and ilk one)
    function swapSaiToDai(uint wad) external;
}

// This contract is intended to be executed via the Profile proxy of a user (DSProxy) which owns the SCD CDP
interface MakerDAO_MigrationProxyActions {
    function swapSaiToDai(
        address scdMcdMigration,            // Migration contract address
        uint wad                            // Amount to swap
    ) external;
}

// File: contracts/SaiDaiTokenSwap.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;








/**
 * @title TokenSwap.
 * @author Eidoo SAGL.
 * @dev A swap asset contract. The offerAmount and wantAmount are collected and sent into the contract itself.
 */
contract SaiDaiTokenSwap is Pausable, Destructible
{
  using SafeMath for uint;
  using SafeTransfer for ERC20;
  address constant ETHER = address(0);
  uint constant expScale = 1e18;
  uint constant rateDecimals = 18;
  uint constant rateUnit = 10 ** rateDecimals;

  ERC20 sai;
  ERC20 dai;
  address migration;
  MakerDAO_MigrationProxyActions proxy;

  event LogWithdrawToken(
    address indexed _from,
    address indexed _token,
    uint amount
  );

  event LogTokenSwap(
    address indexed _userAddress,
    address indexed _userSentTokenAddress,
    uint _userSentTokenAmount,
    address indexed _userReceivedTokenAddress,
    uint _userReceivedTokenAmount
  );

  constructor(
    address _sai,
    address _dai,
    address _migration,
    address _proxy
  )
    public
  {
    sai = ERC20(_sai);
    dai = ERC20(_dai);
    migration = _migration;
    proxy = MakerDAO_MigrationProxyActions(_proxy);
  }

  function() external {
    revert("fallback function not allowed");
  }

  /**
   * @dev Withdraw asset.
   * @param _tokenAddress Asset to be withdrawed.
   * @return bool.
   */
  function withdrawToken(address _tokenAddress)
    public
    onlyOwner
  {
    uint tokenBalance;
    if (_tokenAddress == ETHER) {
      tokenBalance = address(this).balance;
      msg.sender.transfer(tokenBalance);
    } else {
      tokenBalance = ERC20(_tokenAddress).balanceOf(address(this));
      ERC20(_tokenAddress)._safeTransfer(msg.sender, tokenBalance);
    }
    emit LogWithdrawToken(msg.sender, _tokenAddress, tokenBalance);
  }

  /******************* rate functions for interface compatibility *******************/

  function buyRate() public pure returns(uint) {
    return rateUnit;
  }

  function buyRateDecimals() public pure returns(uint) {
    return rateDecimals;
  }

  function sellRate() public pure returns(uint) {
    return 0;
  }

  function sellRateDecimals() public pure returns(uint) {
    return rateDecimals;
  }

  /******************* end rate functions *******************/

  /**
 * @dev For interface compatibility. Function to calculate the number of tokens the user is going to receive.
 * @param _offerTokenAmount The amount of tokens.
 * @param _isRedeem If true, the offered token is the LoanToken, otherwise is the underlying token.
 * @return uint.
 */
  function getAmount(uint _offerTokenAmount, bool _isRedeem)
    public pure returns(uint toUserAmount)
  {
    // Swap dai to sai forbidden
    return _isRedeem? 0 : _offerTokenAmount;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Release purchased asset to the buyer based on pair rate.
   * @param _userOfferTokenAddress The token address the purchaser is offering (It may be the quote or the base).
   * @param _userOfferTokenAmount The amount of token the user want to swap.
   * @return bool.
   */
  function swapToken (
    address _userOfferTokenAddress,
    uint _userOfferTokenAmount
  )
    public
    whenNotPaused
    returns (bool)
  {
    require(_userOfferTokenAmount != 0, "_userOfferTokenAmount == 0");
    require(
      ERC20(_userOfferTokenAddress).allowance(msg.sender, address(this)) >= _userOfferTokenAmount,
      "ERC20 allowance < _userOfferTokenAmount"
    );
    // check if offered token address is correct
    require(_userOfferTokenAddress == address(sai), "Swap dai to sai forbidden");

    // get user's tokens
    sai._safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), _userOfferTokenAmount);

    uint toUserAmount = _userOfferTokenAmount;
    sai._safeApprove(address(proxy), _userOfferTokenAmount);
    proxy.swapSaiToDai(migration, _userOfferTokenAmount);
    require(dai.balanceOf(address(this)) >= toUserAmount, "No enough dai after swap");
//    require(toUserAmount > 0, "toUserAmount must be greater than 0");
    require(
      dai.transfer(msg.sender, toUserAmount),
      "cannot transfer the dai tokens to the user"
    );

    emit LogTokenSwap(
      msg.sender,
      address(sai),
      _userOfferTokenAmount,
      address(dai),
      toUserAmount
    );
    return true;
  }


}

// File: contracts/ISaiIDaiSwap.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;









/**
 * @title TokenSwap.
 * @author Eidoo SAGL.
 * @dev A swap asset contract. The offerAmount and wantAmount are collected and sent into the contract itself.
 */
contract ISaiIDaiSwap is Pausable, Destructible
{
  using SafeMath for uint;
  using SafeTransfer for ERC20;
  address constant ETHER = address(0);
  uint constant expScale = 1e18;
  uint constant rateDecimals = 18;
  uint constant rateUnit = 10 ** rateDecimals;

  BZxLoanTokenSwap public isaiSwap;
  BZxLoanTokenSwap public idaiSwap;
  SaiDaiTokenSwap public saidaiSwap;

  event LogWithdrawToken(
    address indexed _from,
    address indexed _token,
    uint amount
  );

  event LogTokenSwap(
    address indexed _userAddress,
    address indexed _userSentTokenAddress,
    uint _userSentTokenAmount,
    address indexed _userReceivedTokenAddress,
    uint _userReceivedTokenAmount
  );

  event UnexpectedBalance(address token, uint balance);

  constructor(
    address _csaiSwap,
    address _cdaiSwap,
    address _saidaiSwap
  )
    public
  {
    isaiSwap = BZxLoanTokenSwap(_csaiSwap);
    idaiSwap = BZxLoanTokenSwap(_cdaiSwap);
    saidaiSwap = SaiDaiTokenSwap(_saidaiSwap);

//    ICErc20 csai = csaiSwap.cToken();
//    require(csaiSwap.cToken().underlying() == address(saidaiSwap.sai()), "SAI tokens mismatch");
//    require(cdaiSwap.cToken().underlying() == address(saidaiSwap.dai()), "DAI tokens mismatch");
  }

  function() external {
    revert("fallback function not allowed");
  }
  /**
   * @dev Withdraw asset.
   * @param _tokenAddress Asset to be withdrawed.
   * @return bool.
   */
  function withdrawToken(address _tokenAddress)
    public
    onlyOwner
  {
    uint tokenBalance;
    if (_tokenAddress == ETHER) {
      tokenBalance = address(this).balance;
      msg.sender.transfer(tokenBalance);
    } else {
      tokenBalance = ERC20(_tokenAddress).balanceOf(address(this));
      ERC20(_tokenAddress)._safeTransfer(msg.sender, tokenBalance);
    }
    emit LogWithdrawToken(msg.sender, _tokenAddress, tokenBalance);
  }

  /******************* rate functions for interface compatibility *******************/

  function buyRate() public view returns(uint) {
    uint csairedeem = isaiSwap.sellRate().mul(10 ** (rateDecimals.sub(isaiSwap.sellRateDecimals())));
    uint saidai = saidaiSwap.buyRate().mul(10 ** (rateDecimals.sub(saidaiSwap.buyRateDecimals())));
    uint cdaimint = idaiSwap.buyRate().mul(10 ** (rateDecimals.sub(idaiSwap.buyRateDecimals())));
    uint rate = csairedeem.mul(saidai).div(10 ** rateDecimals).mul(cdaimint).div(10 ** rateDecimals);
    return rate;
  }

  function buyRateDecimals() public pure returns(uint) {
    return rateDecimals;
  }

  function sellRate() public pure returns(uint) {
    return 0;
  }

  function sellRateDecimals() public pure returns(uint) {
    return rateDecimals;
  }

  /******************* end rate functions *******************/

  /**
 * @dev For interface compatibility. Function to calculate the number of tokens the user is going to receive.
 * @param _offerTokenAmount The amount of tokens.
 * @param _isRedeem If true, the offered token is the CToken, otherwise is the underlying token.
 * @return uint.
 */
  function getAmount(uint _offerTokenAmount, bool _isRedeem)
    public view returns(uint toUserAmount)
  {
    // Swap cdai to csai forbidden
    return _isRedeem? 0 : _offerTokenAmount.mul(buyRate()).div(rateUnit);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Release purchased asset to the buyer based on pair rate.
   * @param _userOfferTokenAddress The token address the purchaser is offering (It may be the quote or the base).
   * @param _userOfferTokenAmount The amount of token the user want to swap.
   * @return bool.
   */
  function swapToken (
    address _userOfferTokenAddress,
    uint _userOfferTokenAmount
  )
    public
    whenNotPaused
    returns (bool)
  {
    require(_userOfferTokenAmount != 0, "_userOfferTokenAmount == 0");
    require(
      ERC20(_userOfferTokenAddress).allowance(msg.sender, address(this)) >= _userOfferTokenAmount,
      "ERC20 allowance < _userOfferTokenAmount"
    );

    IBZxLoanToken isai = isaiSwap.loanToken();
    ERC20 sai = ERC20(isai.loanTokenAddress());
    IBZxLoanToken idai = idaiSwap.loanToken();
    ERC20 dai = ERC20(idai.loanTokenAddress());

    // check if offered token address is the base or the quote token address
    require(
      _userOfferTokenAddress == address(isai),
      "_userOfferTokenAddress must be CSAI address"
    );

    emptyBalance(address(isai));
    emptyBalance(address(sai));
    emptyBalance(address(dai));
    emptyBalance(address(idai));

    // get user's tokens
    isai.transferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), _userOfferTokenAmount);

    isai.approve(address(isaiSwap), _userOfferTokenAmount);
    isaiSwap.swapToken(address(isai), _userOfferTokenAmount);
    uint saiBalance = sai.balanceOf(address(this));
    require(saiBalance > 0, "SAI balance is 0");

    sai.approve(address(saidaiSwap), saiBalance);
    saidaiSwap.swapToken(address(sai), saiBalance);
    uint daiBalance = dai.balanceOf(address(this));
    require(daiBalance > 0, "DAI balance is 0");

    dai.approve(address(idaiSwap), daiBalance);
    idaiSwap.swapToken(address(dai), daiBalance);
    uint cdaiBalance = idai.balanceOf(address(this));
    require(cdaiBalance > 0, "CDAI balance is 0");

    require(idai.transfer(msg.sender, cdaiBalance), "Cannot tranfer CDAI to the msg.sender address");


    emit LogTokenSwap(
      msg.sender,
      _userOfferTokenAddress,
      _userOfferTokenAmount,
      address(idai),
      cdaiBalance
    );
    return true;
  }

  function emptyBalance(address token) private {
    uint balance = ERC20(token).balanceOf(address(this));
    if (balance > 0) {
      require(ERC20(token)._safeTransfer(owner, balance), "cannot tranfer tokens in order to empty balance");
      emit UnexpectedBalance(token, balance);
    }
  }

}