Thermostatic/parallel_corpus_webcrawl_english_spanish_1 huggingface dataset:
English: The disease is mainly transmitted through the consumption of contaminated poultry or cross contamination from these products.
Spanish: La principal vía de transmisión de la enfermedad es el consumo de carne de ave contaminada o la contaminación cruzada a partir de estos productos.
English: Also through the consumption of undercooked pork or lamb, unpasteurised milk and contaminated water.
Spanish: También el consumo de carne de cerdo o cordero poco cocinado, leche sin pasteurizar y agua contaminada.
English: Although patients excrete Campylobacter in stools for at least 2 weeks after the disease, person-to-person transmission is unusual (Friedman et al., 2000).
Spanish: Aunque los enfermos excretan Campylobacter en heces durante al menos 2 semanas tras la enfermedad, la transmisión persona a persona es muy poco significativa (Friedman et al., 2000).
English: In comparison with other foodborne bacterial pathogens, C. jejuni has a limited capacity to survive under environmental stress (Dasti et al., 2010).
Spanish: En comparación con otras bacterias patógenas transmitidas por los alimentos, C. jejuni tiene sólo una capacidad limitada de supervivencia en el ambiente (Dasti et al., 2010).
English: It is unable to grow at temperatures under 30 ºC; it is sensitive to most disinfectants, high oxygen concentrations, desiccation and low pH.
Spanish: Es incapaz de crecer por debajo de los 30 ºC, es sensible a la mayoría de desinfectantes, altas concentraciones de oxígeno, desecación y bajos pH.
English: The principal route of transmission of C. jejuni infection to humans is through eating or handling poultry.
Spanish: La ruta más común de transmisión de la infección por C. jejuni a los seres humanos es la ingestión o manipulación de carne de aves de corral.
English: Therefore, the most efficient preventive strategies are those that interrupt the transmission, such as cooking meat correctly and avoiding cross contamination from the surfaces used to cut or handle raw poultry or other meats.
Spanish: Por lo tanto, las estrategias preventivas más eficaces son aquellos que interrumpen la transmisión, como cocinar adecuadamente la carne y evitar la contaminación cruzada desde las superficies que se hayan utilizado para cortar o manipular aves de corral crudas u otras carnes.
English: When addressing microbiological risks for pregnant women, it is important to bear in mind that, in Spain, the number of main foodborne diseases in this population group is low.
Spanish: Cuando se abordan los riesgos microbiológicos a los que se ven expuestas las mujeres gestantes, es importante tener en cuenta que, en España, la incidencia de las principales enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos en este grupo de población es baja.
English: Therefore, the problem of perinatal listeriosis or toxoplasmosis must be kept in perspective when talking to patients, pointing out that very few pregnant patients actually contract the disease.
Spanish: Hay, por tanto, que mantener la perspectiva ante el problema de la listeriosis perinatal o la toxoplasmosis cuando se habla a las pacientes, señalando que sólo unas pocas pacientes embarazadas adquieren realmente la enfermedad.
English: The number of other risk diseases for this population group, such as brucellosis or hepatitis E, is even lower.
Spanish: Menor aún es la incidencia de otras enfermedades de riesgo para este grupo de población, como la brucelosis o la hepatitis E.
English: A number of studies have found a consistent relationship between the application of preventive measures in the food industry and the reduction of the number of foodborne diseases, including listeriosis.
Spanish: Varios estudios han encontrado relación consistente entre la aplicación de medidas preventivas en la industria alimentaria y la disminución de la incidencia de enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos, incluyendo la listeriosis.
English: These measures must be accompanied by educating individuals belonging to high-risk groups and training health agents in the early detection of suspicious cases.
Spanish: Estas medidas deben complementarse con una educación exhaustiva de los individuos que pertenecen a los grupos de mayor riesgo y el entrenamiento de los agentes de salud para la identificación temprana de los casos sospechosos.
English: It would also be wise to include easily understandable information on the product labelling about the processing treatment to which the food has been subjected, in order to provide pregnant consumers with more information.
Spanish: Sería conveniente, además, incluir en el etiquetado información fácilmente interpretable acerca del tratamiento a que ha sido sometido el alimento, lo que conllevaría mayor facilidad de información para las consumidoras gestantes.
English: During the initial prenatal visit, it is important to explain to pregnant women what listeriosis is and how it is transmitted, to inform them of the pathogen's capacity to replicate in refrigerated food and possibly, in heat-treated products if they are not handled correctly.
Spanish: En la visita prenatal inicial hay que hablar a la embarazada sobre qué es y cómo se adquiere la listeriosis, e informar de la capacidad del patógeno para replicarse en alimentos refrigerados y, posiblemente, en productos tratados por el calor si se manipulan inadecuadamente.
English: Also, it is important to discuss the existence of other possible microbiological risks, particularly Toxoplasma infection.
Spanish: Al mismo tiempo, se debe hablar de la existencia de otros posibles riesgos microbiológicos, especialmente de la infección por Toxoplasma.
English: By doing so, this specific vulnerable population group can be provided with general prevention rules that are easy to understand and to follow and will reduce the risks for this group.
Spanish: De esta forma, se pueden proporcionar unas normas generales de prevención, fáciles de entender y de seguir, que permitan disminuir el riesgo para este grupo de población especialmente vulnerable.
English: These rules should list foods that should be avoided, correct food handling practices and hygiene rules for avoiding cross contamination:
Spanish: Estas normas deberán incidir en los alimentos que deben evitarse, las prácticas correctas de manipulación de alimentos y las normas de higiene para evitar contaminaciones cruzadas:
English: • Cheeses made with raw milk.
Spanish: • Quesos elaborados con leche cruda.
English: • Soft cheeses (Brie, Camembert).
Spanish: • Quesos de pasta blanda (Brie, Camembert).
English: AECOSAN Scientific Committee: Microbiological risks associated to consumption of different foods by pregnant women
Spanish: • Quesos rallados industriales y quesos loncheados, tanto industriales como en la charcutería.
English: • Raw fruit and vegetables (including ready-packed salads and those eaten in establishments) that
Spanish: • Frutas y hortalizas crudas (incluyendo ensaladas envasadas y las consumidas fuera del hogar) que no
English: have not been washed and disinfected beforehand.
Spanish: se hayan lavado y desinfectado previamente.
English: • Raw shoots (alfalfa, soy…).
Spanish: • Brotes crudos (alfalfa, soja...).
English: • Unpasteurised juices.
Spanish: • Zumos sin pasteurizar.
English: • Partially cooked eggs.
Spanish: • Huevos no totalmente “cuajados”.
English: • Foods that contain raw egg, including homemade sauces and mayonnaises, mousses, meringues
Spanish: • Alimentos que contengan huevo crudo, incluyendo salsas y mayonesas caseras, mousses, merengues
English: and homemade cakes, tiramisu, homemade ice creams and eggnog.
Spanish: y pasteles caseros, tiramisú, helados caseros y ponches de huevo.
English: • Raw meat, rare or medium meat.
Spanish: • Carne cruda, carne “al punto” o poco hecha.
English: • Smoked or marinated meat that is not going to be cooked.
Spanish: • Carne ahumada o marinada que no vaya a ser cocinada posteriormente.
English: • Cured raw meat products, such as sausages and delicatessen products (chorizo, salami, sausage...)
Spanish: • Productos cárnicos crudos curados, tales como embutidos y productos de charcutería (chorizo, salchi
English: cured ham, etc. Other sliced cold cuts.
Spanish: chón, salami…), jamón curado, etc. Otros fiambres loncheados.
English: • Raw fish, common in sushi and sashimi dishes and ceviche.
Spanish: • Pescado crudo, presente en comidas tipo sushi y sashimi y ceviche.
English: • Refrigerated smoked or marinated fish that is not going to be cooked.
Spanish: • Pescado ahumado refrigerado o marinado que no vaya a ser cocinado posteriormente.
English: • Raw or undercooked bivalve molluscs: Oysters, mussels, etc.
Spanish: • Moluscos bivalvos crudos o poco cocinados: ostras, mejillones, etc.
English: Semi-cured and cured cheeses can be eaten when made with pasteurised milk, providing the rind is removed.
Spanish: Se pueden consumir quesos semicurados y curados elaborados con leche pasteurizada, siempre que se retire la corteza.
English: 2. Some basic rules for the hygienic handling of foodstuffs:
Spanish: 2. Algunas normas básicas de manipulación higiénica de los alimentos:
English: • Ensure that foods are cooked completely at home: 71 ºC must be reached for at least 1 minute (until the centre of the meat changes colour).
Spanish: • Asegurar la cocción completa de los alimentos en el hogar: se deben alcanzar 71 ºC al menos durante 1 minuto (hasta que la carne cambie de color en el centro del producto).
English: A food thermometer should be used to ensure that food is cooked at the correct temperature.
Spanish: Se recomienda el uso de termómetros de cocina para asegurar que se ha alcanzado la temperatura correcta.
English: • Foods should be stored in a separate refrigerator compartment, away from cheeses and raw foods.
Spanish: • Los alimentos cocinados deben guardarse en el refrigerador en un compartimento aparte, separados de los quesos y los alimentos crudos.
English: Foods should be stored for the shortest possible time, and in the case of commercial products, the expiry date on the labelling must be respected.
Spanish: Los alimentos se deben guardar el menor tiempo posible y, en el caso de los productos comerciales, hay que respetar la fecha de caducidad de las etiquetas.
English: • Keep the refrigerator at the correct temperature, at or below 4 ºC.
Spanish: • Debe asegurarse que el refrigerador mantiene la temperatura correcta (4 ºC o menor).
English: • Fruits and vegetables must be washed and disinfected.
Spanish: • Se deben lav ar y desinfectar bien las frutas y hortalizas.
English: Specific products can be used for this, following the manufacturer's instructions.
Spanish: Para ello pueden utilizarse productos específicos, respetando las instrucciones del fabricante.
English: This process must not be carried out before storing, but immediately before the product is going to be eaten.
Spanish: Siempre se debe realizar un último enjuagado con agua potable tras el proceso de desinfección.
English: • When using microwave ovens, users must read and follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully to ensure that foods are heated uniformly.
Spanish: Este proceso no se realizará en el momento previo a la conservación, sino inmediatamente antes de que se vayan a consumir.
English: *Corrigendum (24-2-2016): a heaping coffee spoon (1.2 to 2 ml) of bleach for each litre of water instead of four drops.
Spanish: • Cuando se utilice un horno microondas, los usuarios deben prestar atención a las instrucciones del fabricante para asegurar una temperatura uniforme en los alimentos.
English: • Reheated leftovers should not be eaten.
Spanish: • Deben descartarse los alimentos sobrantes recalentados.
English: • Wash your hands with warm water and soap for at least 20 seconds, before and after handling foods, after touching any dirty materials (waste, animals) and particularly after using the toilet or coming into contact with any material contaminated with faeces (nappies, underwear…).
Spanish: • Deben lavarse las manos con jabón y agua caliente, al menos durante 20 segundos, con frecuencia, antes y después de manipular los alimentos, tras contactar con cualquier material sucio (residuos, animales), y especialmente después de usar el cuarto de baño y tras cualquier contacto con material contaminado con heces (pañales, ropa interior…).
English: • Hands, kitchen surfaces and utensils that have been used should be washed thoroughly after handling meat, fish, poultry, unwashed fruit and vegetables and any other raw foods.
Spanish: • Las manos , las superficies y los utensilios de cocinado utilizados se deben lavar a fondo después de manipular carne, pescados, aves de corral, pescados, frutas y vegetales no lavados y cualquier otro alimento crudo.
English: • Rinds should be removed from all cheeses.
Spanish: • Se debe retirar la corteza de todos los quesos.
English: Revista del Comité Científico de la AESAN, 10, pp: 27-40.
Spanish: revista del comité científico nº 19
English: Statistical modelling of coldsmoked salmon temperature profiles for risk assessment of Listeria monocytogenes.
Spanish: Afchain, A.L., Derens, E., Guilpart, J. y Cornu, M. (2005).
English: Ahn, D., Lee, E.
Spanish: Acta Horticulturae, 674, pp: 383-388.
English: J. and Mendonca, A. (2006).
Spanish: Ahn, D., Lee, E.J. y Mendonca, A. (2006).
English: In: Advances technologies for meat processing.
Spanish: En libro: Advances technologies for meat processing.
English: Al-Tawfiq, J.A. and Memish, Z.A. (2013).
Spanish: Al-Tawfiq, J.A. y Memish, Z.A. (2013).
English: Aye, T.T., Uchida, T., Ma, X.Z., Lida, F., Shikata, T. and Zhuang, H. (1992).
Spanish: Aye, T.T., Uchida, T., Ma, X.Z., Iida, F., Shikata, T. y Zhuang, H. (1992).
English: Aymerich, M.T., Jofre, A., Garriga, M. and Hugas, M. (2005).
Spanish: Aymerich, M.T., Jofre, A., Garriga, M. y Hugas, M. (2005).
English: Banatvala, N., Griffin, P.M., Greene, K.D., Barrett, T.J., Bibb, W.F., Green, J.H., Wells, J.G. and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Study Collaborators (2001).
Spanish: Banatvala, N., Griffin, P.M., Greene, K.D., Barrett, T.J., Bibb, W.F., Green, J.H., Wells, J.G. y Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Study Collaborators (2001).
English: Banatvala, N., Magnano, A.R., Cartter, M.L., Barrett, T.J., Bibb, W.F., Vasile, L.L., Mshar, P., Lambert-Fair, M.A., Green, J.H., Bean, N.H. and Tauxe, R.V. (1996).
Spanish: Banatvala, N., Magnano, A.R., Cartter, M.L., Barrett, T.J., Bibb, W.F., Vasile, L.L., Mshar, P., Lambert-Fair, M.A., Green, J.H., Bean, N.H. y Tauxe, R.V. (1996).
English: Banks, M., Heath, G.S., Grierson, S.S., King, D.P., Gresham, A., Girones, R., Widen, F. and Harrison, T.J. (2004).
Spanish: Banks, M., Heath, G.S., Grierson, S.S., King, D.P., Gresham, A., Girones, R., Widen, F. y Harrison, T.J. (2004).
English: Baril, L., Ancelle, T., Goulet, V., Thulliez, P., Tirard-Fleury, V. and Carme, B. (1999).
Spanish: Baril, L., Ancelle, T., Goulet, V., Thulliez, P., Tirard-Fleury, V. y Carme, B. (1999).
English: Barnaud, E., Rogée, S., Garry, P., Rose, N. and Pavio, N. (2012).
Spanish: Barnaud, E., Rogée, S., Garry, P., Rose, N. y Pavio, N. (2012).
English: Bayarri, S., García, M.J., Lazaro, R., Pérez-Arquillué, C., Barberán, M. and Herrera, A. (2010).
Spanish: Bayarri, S., García, M.J., Lazaro, R., Pérez-Arquillué, C., Barberán, M. y Herrera, A. (2010).
English: Bayarri, S., Gracia M.J., Lázaro R., Pérez-Arquillue, C. and Herrera, A. (2012).
Spanish: Bayarri, S., Gracia, M.J., Lázaro, R., Pérez-Arquillue, C. y Herrera, A. (2012).
English: Blenden, D.C., Kampelmacher, E.H. and Torres-Anjel, M.J. (1987).
Spanish: Blenden, D.C., Kampelmacher, E.H. y Torres-Anjel, M.J. (1987).
English: Borkakoti, J., Hazam, R.K., Mohammad, A., Kumar, A. and Kar, P. (2013).
Spanish: Borkakoti, J., Hazam, R.K., Mohammad, A., Kumar, A. y Kar, P. (2013).
English: In: Genomes of foodborne and waterborne pathogens.
Spanish: En libro: Genomes of foodborne and waterborne pathogens.
English: Bouwknegt, M., Lodder-Verschoor, F., van der Poel, W.H., Rutjes, S.A. and de Roda Husman, A.M. (2007).
Spanish: Bouwknegt, M., Lodder-Verschoor, F., van der Poel, W.H., Rutjes, S.A. y de Roda Husman, A.M. (2007).
English: Burdet, J., Zotta, E., Franchi, A.M. and Ibarra, C. (2009).
Spanish: Burdet, J., Zotta, E., Franchi, A.M. e Ibarra, C. (2009).
English: Intraperitoneal administration of shiga toxin type 2 in rats in the late stage of pregnancy produces premature delivery of dead foetuses.
Spanish: Intraperitoneal administration of shiga toxin type 2 in rats in the late stage of pregnancy produces premature delivery of dead fetuses.
English: Carey, C.M., Kostrzynska, M. and Thompson, S. (2009).
Spanish: Carey, C.M., Kostrzynska, M. y Thompson, S. (2009).
English: Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/outbreaks/cantaloupesjensen-farms/082712/index.html [accessed: 4-12-13].
Spanish: Disponible en: http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/outbreaks/cantaloupes-jensen-farms/082712/index.html [acceso: 4-12-13].
English: Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ foodsafety/specific-foods/listeria-and-food.html [accessed: 4-12-13].
Spanish: Disponible en: http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/specific-foods/listeria-and-food.html [acceso: 4-12-13].
English: Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/npi.html [accessed: 4-12-13].
Spanish: Disponible en: http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/npi.html [acceso: 4-12-13].
English: Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ parasites/toxoplasmosis/ [accessed: 4-12-13].
Spanish: Disponible en: http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/ toxoplasmosis/ [acceso: 4-12-13].
English: Chattopadhyay, A., Robinson, N., Sandhu, J.K., Finlay, B., Sad, S. and Krishnan, L. (2010).
Spanish: Chattopadhyay, A., Robinson, N., Sandhu, J.K., Finlay, B., Sad, S. y Krishnan, L. (2010).
English: Chen, H.M., Wang, Y., Su, L.H. and Chiu, C.H. (2013).
Spanish: Chen, H.M., Wang, Y., Su, L.H. y Chiu, C.H. (2013).
English: Coetzee, N., Laza-Stanca, V., Orendi, J.M., Harvey, S., Elviss, N.C. and Grant, K.A. (2011).
Spanish: Coetzee, N., Laza-Stanca, V., Orendi, J.M., Harvey, S., Elviss, N.C. y Grant, K.A. (2011).
English: Available at: http://www. eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?
Spanish: Disponible en: http://www.eurosurveillance. org/ViewArticle.aspx?
English: ArticleId=19869 [accessed: 3-12-13].
Spanish: ArticleId=19869 [acceso: 3-12-13].
English: Colmenero, J.D., Clavijo, E., Morata, P., Bravo, M.J. and Queipo-Ortuño, M.I. (2011).
Spanish: Colmenero, J.D., Clavijo, E., Morata, P., Bravo, M.J. y Queipo-Ortuño, M.I. (2011).
English: Colson, P, Romanet, P, Moal, V, Borentain, P, Purgus, R, Benezech, A, Motte, A. and Gérolami, R. (2012).
Spanish: Colson, P., Romanet, P., Moal, V., Borentain, P., Purgus, R., Benezech, A., Motte, A. y Gérolami, R. (2012).
English: AECOSAN Scientific Committee: Microbiological risks associated to consumption of different foods by pregnant women revista del comité científico nº 19
Spanish: Colson, P., Borentain, P., Queyriaux, B., Kaba, M., Moal, V., Gallian, P., Heyries, L., Raoult, D. y Gerolami, R. (2010).
English: Cooke, F.J., Ginwalla, S., Hampton, M.D., Wain, J., Ross-Russell, R., Lever, A. and Farrington, M. (2009).
Spanish: Cooke, F.J., Ginwalla, S., Hampton, M.D., Wain, J., Ross-Russell, R., Lever, A. y Farrington, M. (2009).
English: Coughlin, L.B., McGigan, J.M., Haddad, N.G. and Mannion, P. (2003).
Spanish: Coughlin, L.B., McGigan, J.M., Haddad, N.G. y Mannion, P. (2003).
English: Danielsson-Tham, M.L., Eriksson, E., Helmersson, S., Leffler, M., Lüdtke, L., Steen, M., Sørgjerd, S. and Tham, W. (2004).
Spanish: Danielsson-Tham, M.L., Eriksson, E., Helmersson, S., Leffler, M., Lüdtke, L., Steen, M., Sørgjerd, S. y Tham, W. (2004).
English: Dasti, J., Tareen, A.M., Lugert, R., Zautner, A.E. and Grob, U. (2010).
Spanish: Dasti, J., Tareen, A.M., Lugert, R., Zautner, A.E. y Grob, U. (2010).
English: Dawson, S.J., Evans, M.R., Willby, D., Bardwell, J., Chamberlain, N. and Lewis, D.A. (2006).
Spanish: Dawson, S.J., Evans, M.R., Willby, D., Bardwell, J., Chamberlain, N. y Lewis, D.A. (2006).
English: Available at: http://www. eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?
Spanish: Disponible en: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=632 [acceso: 3-12-13].
English: ArticleId=632 [accessed: 3-12-13].
Spanish: revista del comité científico nº 19
English: De Oliveira-Mendonça, A., Domingues, P.F., Da Silva, A.V., Bergamaschi-Pezerico, S. and Langoni, H. (2004).
Spanish: de Oliveira-Mendonça, A., Domingues, P.F., Da Silva, A.V., Bergamaschi-Pezerico, S. y Langoni, H. (2004).
English: Available at: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=1650 [accessed: 3-12-13].
Spanish: Disponible en: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=1650 [acceso: 3-12-13].
English: Dean, J. and Kendall, P. (2012).
Spanish: Dean, J. y Kendall, P. (2012).
English: Available at: http://www.ext. colostate.edu/pubs/foodnut/09372.pdf [accessed: 11-02-13].
Spanish: Disponible en: http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/foodnut/09372.pdf [acceso: 11-02-13].
English: Di Bartolo, I., Diez-Valcarce, M., Vasickova, P., Kralik, P., Hernandez, M., Angeloni, G., Ostanello, F., Bouwknegt, M., Rodríguez-Lázaro, D., Pavlik, I. and Ruggeri, F.M. (2012).
Spanish: Di Bartolo, I., Diez-Valcarce, M., Vasickova, P., Kralik, P., Hernandez, M., Angeloni, G., Ostanello, F., Bouwknegt, M., Rodríguez-Lázaro, D., Pavlik, I. y Ruggeri, F.M. (2012).
English: Dogany, M. and Aygen, B. (2003).
Spanish: Dogany, M. y Aygen, B. (2003).
English: Dubey, J.P., Kotula, A.W., Sharar, A., Andrews, C.D. and Lindsay, D.S. (1990).
Spanish: Dubey, J.P., Kotula, A.W., Sharar, A., Andrews, C.D. y Lindsay, D.S. (1990).
English: In: Congenital Toxoplasmosis: Scientific Background, Clinical Management and Control.
Spanish: En libro: Congenital Toxoplasmosis: Scientific Background, Clinical Management and Control.
English: Dubey, J.P. and Thayer, D.W. (1994).
Spanish: Dubey, J.P. y Thayer, D.W. (1994).
English: Dumètre, A., Le Bras, C., Baffet, M., Meneceur, P., Dubey, J.P., Derouin, F., Duguet, J.P., Joyeux, M. and Moulin, L. (2008).
Spanish: Dumètre, A., Le Bras, C., Baffet, M., Meneceur, P., Dubey, J.P., Derouin, F., Duguet, J.P., Joyeux, M. y Moulin, L. (2008).
English: Duris, J.W., Haack, S.K. and Fogarty, L.R. (2009).
Spanish: Duris, J.W., Haack, S.K. y Fogarty, L.R. (2009).
English: revista del comité científico nº 19
Spanish: Journal of Environmental Quality, 38, pp: 1878-1886.
English: Available at: http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/ publications/Publications/annual-epidemiological-report-2013.pdf [accessed: 12-05-14].
Spanish: Disponible en: http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/annual-epidemiological-report-2013.pdf [acceso: 12-05-14].
English: Echevarría, J.M., Fogeda, M. and Avellón, A.
Spanish: Echevarría, J.M., Fogeda, M. y Avellón, A.
English: European Food Safety Authority/European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.
Spanish: revista del comité científico nº 19
English: The European Union Summary Report on Trends and Sources of Zoonoses, Zoonotic Agents and Food-borne Outbreaks in 2010.
Spanish: an Union Summary Report on Trends and Sources of Zoonoses, Zoonotic Agents and Food-borne Outbreaks in 2009.
English: Methods for inactivation of Toxoplasma gondii cysts in meat and tissues of experimentally infected sheep.
Spanish: European Food Safety Authority/European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.
English: OJ L 139 of April 30th, 2004, pp: 55-206.
Spanish: Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, 5 (5), pp: 687-690. doi:10.1089/ fpd.
English: Commission Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 of November 15th, 2005 on microbiological criteria for foodstuffs.
Spanish: Emerson, S.U., Arankalle, V.A. y Purcell, R.H. (2005).
English: OJ L 159 of June 18th, 2008, pp: 46-90.
Spanish: Journal of Infectious Diseases, 192, pp: 930-933.
English: Available at: http://eurotoxo.isped.u-bordeaux2.fr/WWW_PUBLIC/USEUROTOXO-PublicAccess-Frame-2.htm [accessed: 2-05-14].
Spanish: Disponible en: http://eurotoxo.isped.u-bordeaux2.fr/WWW_PUBLIC/US-EUROTOXO-PublicAccess-Frame-2.htm [acceso: 2-05-14].
English: Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization.
Spanish: Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación/Organización Mundial de la Salud.
English: Available at: http://www.who.int/foodsafety/publications/micro/mra_ listeria/en/index.html [accessed: 2-12-13].
Spanish: Disponible en: http://www.who.int/foodsafety/publications/micro/mra_listeria/en/index.html [acceso: 2-12-13].
English: Farber, J.M. and Peterkin, P.I. (1991).
Spanish: Farber, J.M. y Peterkin, P.I. (1991).
English: Farina, F., Fuser, R., Rossi, M.C. and Scotton, P.G. (2008).
Spanish: Farina, F., Fuser, R., Rossi, M.C. y Scotton, P.G. (2008).
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Spanish: Feagins, A.R., Opriessnig, T., Guenette, D.K., Halbur, P.G. y Meng, X.J. (2007).
English: Ferens, W.A. and Hovde, C.J. (2011).
Spanish: Ferens, W.A. y Hovde, C.J. (2011).
English: Fretz, R., Sagel, U., Ruppitsch, W., Pietzka, A.T., Stöger, A., Huhulescu, S., Heuberger, S., Pichler, J., Much, P., Pfaff, G., Stark, K., Prager, R., Flieger, A., Feenstra, O. and Allerberger, F. (2010).
Spanish: Fretz, R., Sagel, U., Ruppitsch, W., Pietzka, A.T., Stöger, A., Huhulescu, S., Heuberger, S., Pichler, J., Much, P., Pfaff, G., Stark, K., Prager, R., Flieger, A., Feenstra, O. y Allerberger, F. (2010).
English: In: Campylobacter.
Spanish: En libro: Campylobacter.
English: Fujiwara, S., Yokokawa, Y., Morino, K., Hayasaka, K., Kawabata, M. and Shimizu, T. (2014).
Spanish: Fujiwara, S., Yokokawa, Y., Morino, K., Hayasaka, K., Kawabata, M. y Shimizu, T. (2014).
English: Gande, N. and Muriana, P. (2003).
Spanish: Gande, N. y Muriana, P. (2003).
English: Journal of Food Protection, 66, pp: 1623-1630.
Spanish: Journal of Protection, 66, pp: 1623-1630.
English: Garbuglia, A.R., Scognamiglio, P., Petrosillo, N., Mastroianni, C.M., Sordillo, P., Gentile, D., La Scala, P., Girardi, E. and Capobianchi, M.R. (2013).
Spanish: Garbuglia, A.R., Scognamiglio, P., Petrosillo, N., Mastroianni, C.M., Sordillo, P., Gentile, D., La Scala, P., Girardi, E. y Capobianchi, M.R. (2013).
English: Gilbert, M., Monk, C., Wang, H.L., Diplock, K. and Landry, L. (2008).
Spanish: Gilbert, M., Monk, C., Wang, H.L., Diplock, K. y Landry, L. (2008).
English: Gillespie, I.A., Mook, P., Little, C.L., Grant, K. and Adak, G.K. (2010).
Spanish: Gillespie, I.A., Mook, P., Little, C.L., Grant, K. y Adak, G.K. (2010).
English: Gkogka, E., Reij, M.W., Havelaar, A.H., Zwietering, M.H. and Gorris, G.M. (2011).
Spanish: Gkogka, E., Reij, M.W., Havelaar, A.H., Zwietering, M.H. y Gorris, G.M. (2011).
English: Goens, S.D. and Perdue, M.L. (2004).
Spanish: Goens, S.D. y Perdue, M.L. (2004).
English: Edwards, M.J. and Edwards, M.J. (1998).
Spanish: Edwards, M.J. y Edwards, M.J. (1998).
English: Grimont, P.A.D. and Weill, F.X. (2007).
Spanish: Grimont, P.A.D. y Weill, F.X. (2007).
English: Available at: http://www. pasteur.fr/ip/portal/action/WebdriveActionEvent/oid/01s-000036-089 [accessed: 12-02-14].
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English: Gulsun, S., Aslan, S., Satici, O. and Gul, T. (2011).
Spanish: Gulsun, S., Aslan, S., Satici, O. y Gul, T. (2011).
English: In: Food Microbiology: Fundamentals and Frontiers.
Spanish: En libro: Food Microbiology: Fundamentals and Frontiers.
English: Hächler, H., Marti, G., Giannini, P., Lehner, A., Jost, M., Beck, J., Weiss, F., Bally, B., Jermini, M., Stephan, R. and Baumgartner, A. (2013).
Spanish: Hächler, H., Marti, G., Giannini, P., Lehner, A., Jost, M., Beck, J., Weiss, F., Bally, B., Jermini, M., Stephan, R. y Baumgartner, A. (2013).
English: Hill, D.E., Sreekumar, C., Gamble, H.R. and Dubey, J.P. (2004).
Spanish: Hill, D.E., Sreekumar, C., Gamble, H.R. y Dubey, J.P. (2004).
English: Jackson, K.A., Biggerstaff, M., Tobin-D'Angelo, M., Sweat, D., Klos, R., Nosari, J., Garrison, O., Boothe, E., Saathoff
Spanish: Jackson, K.A., Biggerstaff, M., Tobin-D'Angelo, M., Sweat, D., Klos, R., Nosari, J., Garrison, O., Boothe, E., Saathoff-Huber, L., Hainstock, L. y Fagan, R.P. (2011).
English: Multistate outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes associated with
Spanish: revista del comité científico nº 19
English: Jacobs, L., Remington, J.S. and Melton, M.L. (1960).
Spanish: Jacobs, L., Remington, J.S. y Melton, M.L. (1960).
English: Jamra, L.M.F., Martins, M.C. and Vieira, M.P.L. (1991).
Spanish: Jamra, L.M.F., Martins, M.C. y Vieira, M.P.L. (1991).
English: Jemmi, T. and Stephan, R. (2006).
Spanish: Jemmi, T. y Stephan, R. (2006).
English: Jilani, N., Das, B.C., Husain, S.A., Baweja, U.K., Chattopadhya, D., Gupta, R.K., Sardana, S. and Kar, P. (2007).
Spanish: Jilani, N., Das, B.C., Husain, S.A., Baweja, U.K., Chattopadhya, D., Gupta, R.K., Sardana, S. y Kar, P. (2007).
English: Jimenez de Oya, N., de Blas, I., Blazquez, A.B., Martin-Acebes, M., Halaihel, N., Girones O, Saínz, J.C. and EscribanoRomero, E. (2011).
Spanish: Jimenez de Oya, N., de Blas, I., Blazquez, A.B., Martin-Acebes, M., Halaihel, N., Girones, O., Saínz, J.C. y Escribano-Romero, E. (2011).
English: BMC Research Notes, 4, p: 412.
Spanish: BMC Research Notes, 4, pp: 412.
English: Jones, J.L. and Dubey, J.P. (2012).
Spanish: Jones, J.L. y Dubey, J.P. (2012).
English: Kar, P., Jilani, N., Husain, S.A., Pasha, S.T, Anand, R., Rai, A. and Das, B.C. (2008).
Spanish: Kar, P., Jilani, N., Husain, S.A., Pasha, S.T., Anand, R., Rai, A. y Das, B.C. (2008).
English: Karagiannis, I., Mellou, K., Gkolfinopoulou, K., Dougas, G., Theocharopoulos, G., Vourvidis, D., Ellinas, D., Sotolidou, M., Papadimitriou, T. and Vorou, R. (2012).
Spanish: Karagiannis, I., Mellou, K., Gkolfinopoulou, K., Dougas, G., Theocharopoulos, G., Vourvidis, D., Ellinas, D., Sotolidou, M., Papadimitriou, T. y Vorou, R. (2012).
English: Khan, M.J., Mah, M.W. and Memish, Z.A. (2001).
Spanish: Khan, M.J., Mah, M.W. y Memish, Z.A. (2001).
English: Khuroo, M.S. and Kamili, S. (2003).
Spanish: Khuroo, M.S. y Kamili, S. (2003).
English: Khuroo, M.S., Kamili, S. and Jameel, S. (1995).
Spanish: Khuroo, M.S., Kamili, S. y Jameel, S. (1995).
English: Kotula, A.W., Dubey, J.P., Sharar, A.K., Andrews, C.D., Shen, S.K. and Lindsay, D.S. (1991).
Spanish: Kotula, A.W., Dubey, J.P., Sharar, A.K., Andrews, C.D., Shen, S.K. y Lindsay, D.S. (1991).
English: Koutsoumanis, K. and Angelidis, A.S. (2007).
Spanish: Koutsoumanis, K. y Angelidis, A.S. (2007).
English: Kumar, A., Aggarwal, R., Naik, S.R., Saraswat, V., Ghoshal, U.C. and Naik, S. (2004a).
Spanish: Kumar, A., Aggarwal, R., Naik, S.R., Saraswat, V., Ghoshal, U.C. y Naik, S. (2004a).
English: Kumar, A., Beniwal, M., Kar, P., Sharma, J.B. and Murthy, N.S. (2004b).
Spanish: Kumar, A., Beniwal, M., Kar, P., Sharma, J.B. y Murthy, N.S. (2004b).
English: Lewis, H.C., Little, C.L., Elson, R., Greenwood, M., Grant, K.A. and Mclauchlin, J. (2006).
Spanish: Lewis, H.C., Little, C.L., Elson, R., Greenwood, M., Grant, K.A. y Mclauchlin, J. (2006).
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Spanish: Li, H., Wang, H., D'Aoust, J. y Maurer, J. (2013).
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Spanish: Lim, J.Y., Yoon, J.W. y Hovde, C.J. (2010).
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Spanish: Lindsay, D.S., Blagburn, B.L. y Dubey, J.P. (2002).
English: Lindsay, D.S., Collins, M.V., Holliman, D., Flick, G.J. and Dubey, J.P. (2006).
Spanish: Lindsay, D.S., Collins, M.V., Holliman, D., Flick, G.J. y Dubey, J.P. (2006).
English: Little, C.L., Pires, S.M., Gillespie, I.A., Grant, K. and Nichols, G.L. (2010).
Spanish: Little, C.L., Pires, S.M., Gillespie, I.A., Grant, K. y Nichols, G.L. (2010).
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Spanish: Lopes, A.P., Dubey, J.P., Moutinho, O., Gargate, M.J., Vilares, A., Rodrigues, M. y Cardoso, L. (2012).
English: Low, J.C. and Donachie, W. (1997) A review of Listeria monocytogenes and listeriosis.
Spanish: Low, J.C. y Donachie, W. (1997) A review of Listeria monocytogenes and listeriosis.
English: Luber, P., Scott, C., Christophe, D., Jeff, F., Atin, D. and Ewen, C.D.T. (2011).
Spanish: Luber, P., Scott, C., Christophe, D., Jeff, F., Atin, D. y Ewen, C.D.T. (2011).
English: Lundén, A and Uggla, A. (1992).
Spanish: Lundén, A y Uggla, A. (1992).
English: revista del comité científico nº 19
Spanish: MAGRAMA (2013a) Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente.
English: MAGRAMA (2013a) Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente.
Spanish: Programa nacional de erradicación
English: Programa nacional de erradicación de la brucelosis ovina y caprina (B. melitensis) presentado para su cofinanciación en 2013.
Spanish: de la brucelosis ovina y caprina (B. melitensis) presentado para su cofinanciación en 2013.
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Spanish: PDF [acceso: 16-01-14].
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Spanish: Maijala, R., Lyytikäinen, O., Autio, T., Aalto, T., Haavisto, L. y Honkanen-Buzalski, T. (2001).
English: Mailles, A., Rautureau, S., Le Horgne, J.M., Poignet-Leroux, B., d'Arnoux, C., Dennetière, G., Faure, M., Lavigne, J.P., Bru, J.P. and Garin-Bastuji, B. (2012).
Spanish: Mailles, A., Rautureau, S., Le Horgne, J.M., Poignet-Leroux, B., d'Arnoux, C., Dennetière, G., Faure, M., Lavigne, J.P., Bru, J.P. y Garin-Bastuji, B. (2012).
English: Mateos Lindemann, M.L. and Tarragó, D. (2000).
Spanish: Mateos Lindemann, M.L. y Tarragó, D. (2000).
English: Mendz, G.L., Kaakoush, N.O. and Quinlivan, J.A. (2013).
Spanish: Mendz, G.L., Kaakoush, N.O. y Quinlivan, J.A. (2013).
English: Moist, L.M., Sontrop, J.M., Garg, A.X., Clark, W.F., Suri, R.S., Salvadori, M., Gratton, R.J. and Macnab, J. (2009).
Spanish: Moist, L.M., Sontrop, J.M., Garg, A.X., Clark, W.F., Suri, R.S., Salvadori, M., Gratton, R.J. y Macnab, J. (2009).
English: Mook, P., O'Brien, S.J. and Gillespie, I.A. (2011).
Spanish: Mook, P., O'Brien, S.J. y Gillespie, I.A. (2011).
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Spanish: Mor, G. y Cardenas, I. (2010).
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Spanish: Moretti, M.E., Bar-Oz, B., Fried, S. y Koren, G. (2005).
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Spanish: Murano, E.A, Murano, P.S., Brennan, R.E., Shekoy, K. y Moreira, R.G. (1999).
English: Muriana, P., Quimby, W., Davidson, D. and Grooms, J. (2002).
Spanish: Muriana, P., Quimby, W., Davidson, D. y Grooms, J. (2002).
English: Neumayerová, H., Juránková, J., Saláková, A., Gallas, L., Kova˘r˘ck, K. and Koudela, B. (2014).
Spanish: Neumayerová, H., Juránková, J., Saláková, A., Gallas, L., Kovarcík, K. y Koudela, B. (2014).
English: Nguyen, Y. and Sperandio, V. (2012).
Spanish: Nguyen, Y. y Sperandio, V. (2012).
English: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2, p: 90. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.
Spanish: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2, pp: 90. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.
English: Nightingale, K.K., Schukken, Y.H., Nightingale, C.T., Fortes, E.D., Ho, A.J., Her, Z., Grohn, Y.T., McDonough, P.L. and Wiedmann, M. (2004).
Spanish: Nightingale, K.K., Schukken, Y.H., Nightingale, C.T., Fortes, E.D., Ho, A.J., Her, Z., Grohn, Y.T., McDonough, P.L. y Wiedmann, M. (2004).
English: Nyati, K.K. and Nyati, R. (2013).
Spanish: Nyati, K.K. y Nyati, R. (2013).
English: Obiezue, N.R., Okoye, I.C., Ivoke, N. and Okorie, J N. (2013).
Spanish: Obiezue, N.R., Okoye, I.C., Ivoke, N. y Okorie, J.N. (2013).
English: Pejcic-Karapetrovic, B., Gurnani, K., Russell, M.S., Finlay, B.B., Sad, S. and Krishnan, L. (2007).
Spanish: Pejcic-Karapetrovic, B., Gurnani, K., Russell, M.S., Finlay, B.B., Sad, S. y Krishnan, L. (2007).
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Spanish: Pereira, K.S., Franco, R.B.M. y Leal, D.A.G. (2010).
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Spanish: Rahal, E.A., Kazzi, N., Nassarand, F.J. y Matar, G.M. (2012).
English: Raveendran, R., Wattal, C., Sharma, A., Kler, N., Garg, P., Gujral, K. and Khera, N. (2007).
Spanish: Raveendran, R., Wattal, C., Sharma, A., Kler, N., Garg, P., Gujral, K. y Khera, N. (2007).
English: Reed, R.P. and Klugman, K.P. (1994).
Spanish: Reed, R.P. y Klugman, K.P. (1994).
English: Pediatric Infectious Diseases Journal, 13, p: 774-777.
Spanish: Pediatric Infectious Diseases Journal, 13, pp: 774-777.
English: Reij, M. and De Aantrekker, E.D. (2004).
Spanish: Reij, M. y De Aantrekker, E.D. (2004).
English: Rodríguez, E., Ordóñez, P. and Sánchez, L.P. (2012).
Spanish: Rodríguez, E., Ordóñez, P. y Sánchez, L.P. (2012).
English: Rodríguez-García, R., Rodríguez-Guzmán, L.M., Sánchez-Maldonado, M.I., Gómez-Delgado, A. and Rivera-Cedillo, R. (2002).
Spanish: Rodríguez-García, R., Rodríguez-Guzmán, L.M., Sánchez-Maldonado, M.I., Gómez-Delgado, A. y Rivera-Cedillo, R. (2002).
English: Salcedo, S.P., Chevrier, N., Santos Lacerda, T.L., Amara, A.B., Gerart, S., Gorvel, V.A., Chastellier, C., Blasco, J.M., Mege, J.L. and Gorvel, J.P. (2013).
Spanish: Salcedo, S.P., Chevrier, N., Santos Lacerda, T.L., Amara, A.B., Gerart, S., Gorvel, V.A., Chastellier, C., Blasco, J.M., Mege, J.L. y Gorvel, J.P. (2013).
English: Sánchez-Vargas, F.M., Abu-El-Haija, M.A. and Gómez-Duarte, O. (2011).
Spanish: Sánchez-Vargas, F.M., Abu-El-Haija, M.A. y Gómez-Duarte, O. (2011).
English: Sappenfield, E., Jamieson, D.J. and Kourtis, A.P. (2013).
Spanish: Sappenfield, E., Jamieson, D.J. y Kourtis, A.P. (2013).
English: Sargison, N.D., Howie, F., Mearns, R., Penny, C.D. and Foster, G. (2007).
Spanish: Sargison, N.D., Howie, F., Mearns, R., Penny, C.D. y Foster, G. (2007).
English: Scialli, A.R. and Rarick, T.L. (1992).
Spanish: Scialli, A.R. y Rarick, T.L. (1992).
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Spanish: Scif, G.O., Randazzo, C.L., Restuccia, C., Fava, G. y Caggia, C. (2009).
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Spanish: Seto, E.Y., Soller, J.A. y Colford, J.M. (2007).
English: Sgro, M., Shah, P.S., Campbell, D., Tenuta, A., Shivananda, S., Lee, S.K. and Canadian Neonatal Network (2011).
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Spanish: Shahzad, F., Atiq, M., Ejaz, S. y Hameed, S. (2001).
English: Simor, A.E. and Ferro, S. (1990).
Spanish: Simor, A.E. y Ferro, S. (1990).
English: Skalina, L. and Nikolajeva, V. (2010).
Spanish: Skalina, L. y Nikolajeva, V. (2010).
English: Slifko, T.R., Smith, H.V. and Rose, J.B. (2000).
Spanish: Slifko, T.R., Smith, H.V. y Rose, J.B. (2000).
English: Smith, J.L. (2002).
Spanish: revista del comité científico nº 19
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Spanish: Sommer, R., Rommel, M. y Levetzow, R. (1965).
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Spanish: Steven, C., Ingham, S.C., Buege, D.R., Dropp, B.K. y Losinski, J.A. (2004).
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Spanish: Tei, S., Kitajima, N., Takahashi, K. y Mishiro, S. (2003).
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Spanish: Teshale, E.H., Hu, D.J. y Holmberg, S.D. (2010b).
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Spanish: Tikkanen, J. y Heinonen, O.P. (1991).
English: Tzaneva, V., Ivanova, S., Georgieva, M. and Tasheva, E. (2009) Investigation of the spread of brucellosis among human and animal populations in southeastern Bulgaria, 2007.
Spanish: Tzaneva, V., Ivanova, S., Georgieva, M. y Tasheva, E. (2009) Investigation of the spread of brucellosis among human and animal populations in southeastern Bulgaria, 2007.
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English: Pediatric Nephrology, 20, pp: 1334-1335.
Spanish: DO L 338 de 22 de diciembre de 2005, pp: 1-26.
English: Van de Venter, T. (2009).
Spanish: UE (2008).
English: Vigliani, M.B. and Bakardjiev, A.I. (2013).
Spanish: Ulinski, T., Lervat, C., Ranchin, B., Gillet, Y., Floret, D. y Cochat, P. (2005).
English: Case Reports in Medicine, Article ID 973297. doi: 10.1155/2013/973297.
Spanish: Pediatric Nephrology, 20, pp: 1334-1335. van de Venter, T. (2009).
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Spanish: Vorou, R., Mellou, K., Dougas, G., Gkolfinopoulou, K., Papamichail, D., Papadimitriou, T., Pierroutsakos, I.N., Dente, M.G., Fabiani, M. y Declich, S. (2008).
English: Wainwright, K.E., Miller, M.A., Barr, B.C., Gardner, I.A., Melli, A.C., Essert, T., Packham, A.E., Truong, T., LagunasSolar, M. and Conrad, P.A. (2007b).
Spanish: Wainwright, K.E., Miller, M.A., Barr, B.C., Gardner, I.A., Melli, A.C., Essert, T., Packham, A.E., Truong, T., Lagunas-Solar, M. y Conrad, P.A. (2007b).
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Spanish: Warnekulasuriya, M.R, Johnson, J.D. y Holliman, R.E. (1998).
English: Wattiau, P., Boland, C. and Bertrand, S. (2011).
Spanish: Wattiau, P., Boland, C. y Bertrand, S. (2011).
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Spanish: Wichmann, O., Schimanski, S., Koch, J., Kohler, M., Rothe, C., Plentz, A., Jilg, W. y Stark, K. (2008).
English: Wiedmann, M. and ADSA Foundation (2003).
Spanish: Wiedmann, M. y ADSA Foundation (2003).
English: Wong, D.C., Purcell, R.H., Sreenivasan, M.A., Prasad, S.R and Pavri, K.M. (1980).
Spanish: Wong, D.C., Purcell, R.H., Sreenivasan, M.A., Prasad, S.R y Pavri, K.M. (1980).
English: Yazaki, Y., Mizuo, H., Takahashi, M., Nishizawa, T., Sasaki, N., Gotanda, Y. and Okamoto, H. (2003).
Spanish: Yazaki, Y., Mizuo, H., Takahashi, M., Nishizawa, T., Sasaki, N., Gotanda, Y. y Okamoto, H. (2003).
English: Yoshimura, K., Fujii, J., Tanimoto, A. and Yutsudo, T. (2000).
Spanish: Yoshimura, K., Fujii, J., Tanimoto, A. y Yutsudo, T. (2000).
English: The anthropometric study of the female population has revealed the existence of three generalised body types, which should serve as a more accurate basis for sizing
Spanish: El estudio antropométrico de la población femenina revela la existencia de tres morfotipos generalizados, que deben servir para dar más precisión al patronaje textil
English: • 41% of the women who participated in the measurement have confessed to always having problems with clothes sizes (10%) or to sometimes having problems (40%), 43% of whom found clothes too small for their bodies and 22% finding them too big
Spanish: • El 41% de las mujeres que han participado en la medición confiesa que tiene problemas siempre (10%) o algunas veces (40%) con las tallas de la ropa, de ellas un 43% por encontrarlas pequeñas para su cuerpo y un 22% por encontrarlas grandes
English: • The study is the result of an agreement signed between the Spanish Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs and associations and companies from the clothes manufacture, distribution fashion design and knitwear industries, which could use this information to better adapt their sizes to the current profiles of women in Spain
Spanish: • El estudio es fruto del acuerdo suscrito por el Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo con las asociaciones y empresas de los sectores de confección, distribución, diseño de moda y género de punto, que podrán utilizar estos datos para adaptar sus patrones con mayor precisión al perfil actual de las mujeres en España
English: The study was conducted last year by the National Institute for Consumer Affairs and the results have been made available today by the Minister of Health and Consumer Affairs, Bernat Soria.
Spanish: Son los datos obtenidos por el Estudio Antropométrico de la Población Femenina en España, elaborado en el último año por el Instituto Nacional del Consumo y cuyos resultados ha presentado hoy el ministro de Sanidad y Consumo, Bernat Soria.
English: Today's clothes sizes, which are based on pre-1975 models, are no longer adapted to the current physical profile of women inSpain.
Spanish: Las tallas actuales de la ropa, con modelos definidos antes del 1975, no se adecúan al perfil físico actual de las mujeres en España.
English: This hypothesis was what led the Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs to initiate, a year ago, the Anthropometric Study.
Spanish: Esta hipótesis fue la que llevó al Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo a iniciar hace un año el Estudio Antropométrico.
English: On the basis of the results of the study, the hypothesis has now been proven to be true.
Spanish: Ahora, la hipótesis es una certeza gracias a los resultados del estudio.
English: 41% of women who participated in the measurement confessed to always having problems with clothes sizes (10%) or sometimes having problems (30%).
Spanish: El 41% de las mujeres que han participado en la medición confiesa que tiene problemas siempre (10%) o algunas veces (30%) con las tallas de la ropa.
English: Of them, 43% claimed that they were faced with items which were too small for their bodies, and 22%, too big.
Spanish: De ellas, un 43% dice que se enfrenta a prendas pequeñas para su cuerpo y un 22% grandes.
English: The difficulty for 8% of the respondents was that their size was very common, which made it more difficult to find.
Spanish: La dificultad para un 8% de las encuestadas es que su talla es muy común, lo que les complica encontrarla.
English: This standard for the size designation of clothes, elaborated by the European Union, is designed as a guide for the textile industry.
Spanish: Esa norma de designación de tallas para prendas de vestir, elaborada por la Unión Europea, es un texto de orientación para la industria textil.
English: The text, which is not binding, promotes the implementation of a sizing system based on the consideration of three parameters: perimeter of bust, waist and hips, in relation to height.
Spanish: El texto no es de obligado cumplimiento y promueve la implantación de un sistema de patronaje basado en la consideración de tres parámetros: perímetro de busto, cintura y cadera, en función de la estatura.
English: In addition, in carrying out the study, a healthy image of beauty has also been promoted with the adaptation of runway models and shop window mannequins to the true sizes of the population.
Spanish: Además, con la elaboración del estudio también se promueve una imagen de belleza saludable adaptando los maniquíes de pasarela y escaparate a las dimensiones de la población real.
English: • Four segments between 12 and 19 years, the ages at which the female body undergoes the most
Spanish: • Cuatro segmentos entre 12 y 19 años, las edades en las que más cambia el cuerpo de la mujer.
English: • And the remaining four, by 10-year intervals, until 70 years
Spanish: • Y los cuatro restantes, por décadas, hasta los 70 años.
English: These women, who were called up randomly according to sample design, lived in 59 Spanish locations where measurements were carried out.
Spanish: Estas mujeres, citadas aleatoriamente según el diseño muestral, residen en las 59 localidades españolas en las que se han realizado las mediciones.
English: The measurements, taken over a period of almost five months, were performed in six measurement booths of the Institute of Biomechanics, Valencia, which calculated automatically 130 measurements in 30 seconds.
Spanish: Las medidas, tomadas durante casi cinco meses, se efectuaron en seis cabinas de medición del Instituto Biomecánico de Valencia, que calculan automáticamente 130 medidas en 30 segundos.
English: This innovative technique allowed the body shape to be obtained in three dimensions, which facilitated, in the second phase, successful attainment of virtually any metric measurement on the sample studied.
Spanish: Esta innovadora técnica permite obtener la forma del cuerpo en tres dimensiones, lo que facilita, en una segunda fase, lograr prácticamente cualquier dato métrico sobre la muestra estudiada.
English: BODY TYPES WHICH HAD NEVER BEEN CLASSIFIED
Spanish: MORFOTIPOS QUE NO SE HABÍAN CATALOGADO NUNCA
English: The objective of the study has been achieved.
Spanish: El objetivo del estudio se ha logrado.