query: who was general cornwallis american revolution?

title: Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis

text: bowed in mourning (a typical motif for Flaxman). The reverse has a figure of a British soldier and an Indian sepoy, also in mourning. Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis KG, PC (31 December 1738 – 5 October 1805), styled Viscount Brome between 1753 and 1762 and known as The Earl Cornwallis between 1762 and 1792, was a British Army general and official. In the United States and the United Kingdom he is best remembered as one of the leading British generals in the American War of Independence. His surrender in 1781 to a combined American

text: Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis KG, PC (31 December 1738 – 5 October 1805), styled Viscount Brome between 1753 and 1762 and known as The Earl Cornwallis between 1762 and 1792, was a British Army general and official. In the United States and the United Kingdom he is best remembered as one of the leading British generals in the American War of Independence. His surrender in 1781 to a combined American and French force at the Siege of Yorktown ended significant hostilities in North America. He also served as a civil and military governor in

title: Stephen Cornwallis

text: 1739 and lastly as Major General in the year of his death. Stephen Cornwallis Major-General Stephen Cornwallis (23 December 1703 – 12 May 1743) was a British Army officer who served as Member of Parliament for Eye from 1727 to his death. He was the third son of Charles Cornwallis, 4th Baron Cornwallis; his elder brother was Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis, and his younger brothers were Edward Cornwallis, and Frederick Cornwallis. His nephews were Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, James Cornwallis, 4th Earl Cornwallis, and William Cornwallis. He joined the 2nd Foot Guards in 1719 as Endign then rising

title: Stephen Cornwallis

text: Stephen Cornwallis Major-General Stephen Cornwallis (23 December 1703 – 12 May 1743) was a British Army officer who served as Member of Parliament for Eye from 1727 to his death. He was the third son of Charles Cornwallis, 4th Baron Cornwallis; his elder brother was Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis, and his younger brothers were Edward Cornwallis, and Frederick Cornwallis. His nephews were Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, James Cornwallis, 4th Earl Cornwallis, and William Cornwallis. He joined the 2nd Foot Guards in 1719 as Endign then rising the ranks of several Regiment of Foot and as Brigadier General in

title: John Hamilton (American Revolution)

text: When Florida was ceded to Spain in the Treaty of Paris that ended the American Revolutionary War, Hamilton quashed talks of mutiny among the Loyalist soldiers and residents of British Florida, who sought to remain there under British rule and were then evacuated to Nova Scotia. In the course of his service in the Revolutionary War, Hamilton was wounded three times. General Charles Cornwallis, who had at one point during the war called Hamilton a "blockhead", would later commend Hamilton for his conduct and service to the British Army. The Royal North Carolina Regiment was disbanded in November 1783, and

text: army was still intact after the loss at Guilford Courthouse, shadowed Cornwallis toward Wilmington, but then crossed into South Carolina, where over the course of several months American forces regained control over most of the state. Cornwallis received dispatches in Wilmington informing him that another British army under Generals William Phillips and Benedict Arnold had been sent to Virginia. Believing that North Carolina could not be subdued unless its supply lines from Virginia were cut, he decided to join forces with Phillips. On arrival in Virginia, Cornwallis took command of Phillips' army. Phillips, a personal friend of Cornwallis, died one

title: CCGS Edward Cornwallis

text: for their efforts. CCGS Edward Cornwallis CCGS "Edward Cornwallis" is a of the Canadian Coast Guard. She serves as a light Icebreaker and buoy tender on the East Coast of Canada. Entering service in 1986, the vessel is homeported at Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. The vessel is named after Lieutenant General Edward Cornwallis, a British Army officer and founder of Halifax, Nova Scotia. "Edward Cornwallis" and sister ship differ from the rest of the class by having one less deck in the superstructure and their buoy-handling derricks mounted forward. "Edward Cornwallis" displaces fully loaded with a and a . The ship

title: CCGS Edward Cornwallis

text: CCGS Edward Cornwallis CCGS "Edward Cornwallis" is a of the Canadian Coast Guard. She serves as a light Icebreaker and buoy tender on the East Coast of Canada. Entering service in 1986, the vessel is homeported at Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. The vessel is named after Lieutenant General Edward Cornwallis, a British Army officer and founder of Halifax, Nova Scotia. "Edward Cornwallis" and sister ship differ from the rest of the class by having one less deck in the superstructure and their buoy-handling derricks mounted forward. "Edward Cornwallis" displaces fully loaded with a and a . The ship is long overall

title: Cornwallis in North America

text: the place where he died. Cornwallis in North America Charles, Earl Cornwallis (1738–1805) was a military officer who served in the British Army during the American War of Independence. He is best known for surrendering his army after the 1781 Siege of Yorktown, an act that ended major hostilities in North America and led directly to peace negotiations and the eventual end of the war. Born into an aristocratic family with a history of public service, Cornwallis was politically opposed to the war, but agreed to serve when it became clear that Britain would require a significant military presence in

title: Cornwallis in North America

text: Cornwallis in North America Charles, Earl Cornwallis (1738–1805) was a military officer who served in the British Army during the American War of Independence. He is best known for surrendering his army after the 1781 Siege of Yorktown, an act that ended major hostilities in North America and led directly to peace negotiations and the eventual end of the war. Born into an aristocratic family with a history of public service, Cornwallis was politically opposed to the war, but agreed to serve when it became clear that Britain would require a significant military presence in the Thirteen Colonies. First arriving

title: Virginia in the American Revolution

text: of Kings Mountain, Leslie moved to join General Charles Cornwallis farther south. In December, Benedict Arnold, who had betrayed the Patriot/Continental movement and was afterwards positioned as a General in the British Army, attacked Richmond with a militia of Loyalists as well as Hessian mercenaries and an army of British Regulars. They burned much of the city before withdrawing to Portsmouth, burning and looting along the James River as they went. Arnold moved his base of operations to Portsmouth and was later joined by another 2,000 troops under General William Phillips. Phillips led an expedition that destroyed military and economic

title: British Legion (American Revolution)

text: provincial (local) troops. On 15 March, the regiment fought at the Battle of Guilford Court House. As Cornwallis shifted his communications to the Chesapeake and abandoned the Carolinas for Virginia, the British Legion cavalry under Tarleton raided ahead of the British army, nearly capturing Virginia Governor Thomas Jefferson and the Virginia General Assembly at Charlottesville. The Legion again engaged in widespread destruction to punish rebel sympathizers and deny material support to the Continental Army and government. In July 1781 a skirmish, Francisco's Fight, took place between Peter Francisco and several of Tarleton's Raiders. When Cornwallis occupied Yorktown, the Legion was

title: Frederick Cornwallis

text: the American Revolution. He was buried at St. Mary's Church, Lambeth. On the whole, Cornwallis has generally been judged as a competent administrator, but an uninspiring leader of the eighteenth-century church – a typical product of eighteenth century latitudinarianism, whose lack of zeal paved the way for the differing responses of both the Evangelicals and the Oxford Movement in the early 19th century. His nephew was Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, a British general during the American Revolution, and later Governor-General of India. In 2016, during the refurbishment of the Garden Museum, which is housed at the medieval church of

title: James Cornwallis, 4th Earl Cornwallis

text: James Cornwallis, 4th Earl Cornwallis James Cornwallis, 4th Earl Cornwallis (25 February 1743 – 20 January 1824) was a British clergyman, and peer. Cornwallis was the third son of Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis and his wife, Elizabeth, daughter of the 2nd Viscount Townshend, and niece of Sir Robert Walpole. His uncle, Frederick, was Archbishop of Canterbury. Frederick's twin brother, Edward, was a military officer, colonial governor, and founder of Halifax, Nova Scotia. James's brother William was an Admiral in the Royal Navy. His other brother, Charles, would go down in history as the general who "lost" the American Revolutionary

title: Virginia in the American Revolution

text: of 1783 officially ended the war. Many Virginians involved in the American Revolution would go on to serve in the early government of the Commonwealth of Virginia and the United States. Virginia in the American Revolution The history of Virginia in the American Revolution begins with the role the Colony of Virginia played in early dissent against the British government and culminates with the defeat of General Cornwallis by the allied forces at the Siege of Yorktown in 1781, an event signaled the effective military end to the conflict. Numerous Virginians played key roles in the Revolution, including George Washington,

title: Virginia in the American Revolution

text: Virginia in the American Revolution The history of Virginia in the American Revolution begins with the role the Colony of Virginia played in early dissent against the British government and culminates with the defeat of General Cornwallis by the allied forces at the Siege of Yorktown in 1781, an event signaled the effective military end to the conflict. Numerous Virginians played key roles in the Revolution, including George Washington, Patrick Henry, and Thomas Jefferson. Revolutionary sentiments first began appearing in Virginia shortly after the French and Indian War ended in 1763. The very same year, the British and Virginian governments

text: not mark the end of the war, though it ended major fighting in the American theatre. Because he was released on parole, Cornwallis refused to serve again until the war came to an end in 1783. An attempt failed to exchange him for Henry Laurens, an American diplomat who was released from the Tower of London in anticipation that Cornwallis would be freed from his parole. His tactics in America, especially during the southern campaign, were a frequent subject of criticism by his political enemies in London, principally General Clinton, who tried to blame him for the failures of the

title: Fort Cornwallis

text: Fort Cornwallis Fort Cornwallis is a bastion fort in George Town, Penang, Malaysia, built by the British East India Company in the late 18th century. Fort Cornwallis is the largest standing fort in Malaysia. The fort never engaged in combat during its operational history. It is named after the then Governor-General of Bengal, Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, who had also been involved in the American War of Independence. Captain Francis Light took possession of Penang Island from the Sultan of Kedah in 1786 and built the original fort. It was a nibong () stockade with no permanent structures, covering

text: week before Cornwallis reached his position at Petersburg. He then sought to fulfil orders Clinton had given to Phillips, and raided the Virginia countryside, destroying American military and economic targets. In March 1781, in response to the threat posed by Arnold and Phillips, General Washington had dispatched the Marquis de Lafayette to defend Virginia. The young Frenchman had 3,200 men at his command, but British troops under Cornwallis' command totalled 7,200. Lafayette skirmished with Cornwallis, avoiding a decisive battle while gathering reinforcements. It was during this period that Cornwallis and Clinton exchanged a series of letters in which Clinton issued

text: general, the Right Reverend James Cornwallis. Cornwallis appears in the 1835 novel "Horse-Shoe Robinson" by John Pendleton Kennedy, a historical romance set against the background of the Southern campaigns in the American War of Independence, and interacts with the fictional characters in the book. He is depicted as courtly in manner, but tolerant, or even supportive, of brutal practices against those found deficient among his own forces, and against enemy prisoners. In the 2000 film "The Patriot" about the events leading up to Yorktown, Cornwallis was portrayed by English actor Tom Wilkinson. In Ireland his legacy also includes the Wicklow

text: a number of confusing, contradictory, and not entirely forceful orders. Cornwallis eventually received firm orders from Clinton to choose a position on the Virginia Peninsula—referred to in contemporary letters as the "Williamsburg Neck"—and construct a fortified naval post to shelter ships of the line. In complying with this order, Cornwallis put himself in a position to become trapped. With the arrival of the French fleet under the Comte de Grasse and General Washington's combined French-American army, Cornwallis found himself cut off. After the Royal Navy fleet under Admiral Thomas Graves was defeated by the French at the Battle of the

title: Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Marquess Cornwallis

text: Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Marquess Cornwallis Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Marquess Cornwallis (19 October 1774 – 9 August 1823), styled Viscount Brome until 1805, was a British Tory politician. He served as Master of the Buckhounds between 1807 and 1823. Cornwallis was the only son of General Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, by his wife Jemima (née Jones). His mother died when he was four years old. He was educated at Eton and St John's College, Cambridge, receiving his M.A. in 1795. In 1795 Cornwallis was returned to parliament as one of two representatives for Eye (alongside his uncle William Cornwallis), a

title: Edward Cornwallis

text: Edward Cornwallis Lieutenant General Edward Cornwallis (5 March 1713 – 14 January 1776) was a British military officer who was a member of the aristocratic Cornwallis family. Cornwallis fought in Scotland, putting down the Jacobite rebellion of 1745 and then was given the task of establishing Halifax, Nova Scotia as the Governor of Nova Scotia (1749–1752). Cornwallis returned to London, where he was elected as MP for Westminster and married the niece of Robert Walpole, Great Britain's first Prime Minister. Cornwallis was then given the position of Governor of Gibraltar. Cornwallis' administration in Nova Scotia had several significant achievements. He

text: aged 48. The marquessate became extinct on his death while he was succeeded in his remaining titles by his uncle, the Right Reverend James Cornwallis. Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Marquess Cornwallis Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Marquess Cornwallis (19 October 1774 – 9 August 1823), styled Viscount Brome until 1805, was a British Tory politician. He served as Master of the Buckhounds between 1807 and 1823. Cornwallis was the only son of General Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, by his wife Jemima (née Jones). His mother died when he was four years old. He was educated at Eton and St John's College, Cambridge,

title: Edward Cornwallis

text: the church congregation approved a name change to New Horizons Baptist Church. The Cornwallis statue was removed by order of Halifax Regional Council on 30 January 2018. It was placed into storage, and Halifax Council struck a committee to examine the commemorations of Cornwallis and the final disposition of the statue. Edward Cornwallis Lieutenant General Edward Cornwallis (5 March 1713 – 14 January 1776) was a British military officer who was a member of the aristocratic Cornwallis family. Cornwallis fought in Scotland, putting down the Jacobite rebellion of 1745 and then was given the task of establishing Halifax, Nova Scotia

text: many campaigns, in 1780 he inflicted an embarrassing defeat on the American army at the Battle of Camden. He also commanded British forces in the March 1781 Pyrrhic victory at Guilford Court House. Cornwallis surrendered his army at Yorktown in October 1781 after an extended campaign through the Southern states, marked by disagreements between him and his superior, General Sir Henry Clinton. Despite this defeat, Cornwallis retained the confidence of successive British governments and continued to enjoy an active career. Knighted in 1786, he was in that year appointed to be Governor-General and commander-in-chief in India. There he enacted numerous

title: Charles Cornwallis, 4th Baron Cornwallis

text: Charles Cornwallis, 4th Baron Cornwallis Charles Cornwallis, 4th Baron Cornwallis (167520 January 1721/22) was a British politician. He was the son of Charles Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis (c. 1655 – 1693) and Elizabeth Fox (c. 1654 – 1680/81). On 29 April 1693 he succeeded his father as Baron Cornwallis. Between 1695 and 1698, he sat as Member of Parliament for Eye, as a Whig. He held the office of Lord-Lieutenant of Suffolk between 1698 and 1703, and the office of Joint Postmaster-General between 1715 and 1721. The last two years of his life, from 1721 to January 1721/22 he held

title: Fort Cornwallis

text: renovation in 1914 and 1925. The State Tourism Development Committee chairman claimed in 2006 that it was the only lighthouse in Malaysia that resembles a ship's mast, and the only one in Peninsular Malaysia not serving any navigational purpose. Fort Cornwallis Fort Cornwallis is a bastion fort in George Town, Penang, Malaysia, built by the British East India Company in the late 18th century. Fort Cornwallis is the largest standing fort in Malaysia. The fort never engaged in combat during its operational history. It is named after the then Governor-General of Bengal, Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, who had also

title: Cornwallis in Ireland

text: Prime Minister William Pitt were unable to convince the king of the merits of Catholic emancipation. This difference of opinion led to the fall of Pitt's government. Cornwallis also resigned, and was replaced in May 1801 by the Earl of Hardwicke. Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, was a British general, civil administrator, and diplomat. His early career was primarily military in nature, including a series of well-known campaigns during the War of American Independence from 1776 to 1781 that culminated in his surrender at Yorktown. This was followed in 1786 by a period of service as Commander-in-Chief and Governor-General of

title: Virginia in the American Revolution

text: in Elk Hill and marched to the Tidewater region. Lafayette, uniting with von Steuben, now had 5,000 troops and followed Cornwallis. Under orders from General Clinton, Cornwallis moved down the Virginia Peninsula towards the Chesapeake Bay where Clinton planned to extract part of the army for a siege of New York City. Cornwallis passed through Williamsburg and near Jamestown. When Cornwallis appeared to be moving to cross the James River, Lafayette saw a chance to attack Cornwallis during the crossing, and sent 800 troops under General Wayne against what they believed to be Cornwallis' rear guard. Cornwallis had set a

text: in General William Howe's campaign for New York City. Cornwallis was often given a leading role during this campaign; his division was in the lead at the Battle of Long Island, and he chased the retreating George Washington across New Jersey after the city fell. Howe recognized the successful close of the campaign "much to the honor of his lordship and the officers and soldiers under his command." General Howe granted Cornwallis leave in December 1776; however it was cancelled after Washington launched his surprise attack on Trenton on 26 December. Howe ordered Cornwallis to return to New Jersey to

title: Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis

text: Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis of Eye (1632 – 13 April 1673) was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1660 to 1662 when he inherited the peerage as Baron Cornwallis.. Cornwallis was born in Culford, Suffolk, the son of Sir Frederick Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis and his wife Elizabeth Ashburnham, daughter of Sir John Ashburnham and Elizabeth Richardson, 1st Lady Cramond, and was baptised on 19 April 1632. His uncle was John Ashburnham. His paternal grandparents were Sir William Cornwallis and Jane Meautys (died 1 July 1627). Cornwallis's

title: Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis

text: and Constable of the Tower of London, posts he held until 1762. In 1753 he was created Viscount Brome, in the County of Suffolk, and Earl Cornwallis. Lord Cornwallis married the Honourable Elizabeth, daughter of Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend, in 1722. They had seven children: He died in June 1762, aged 62, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Charles, who became a prominent military commander and was created Marquess Cornwallis in 1792. The Countess Cornwallis died on 17 December 1785. He was the grandson of Charles Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis; the great-grandson of Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis;

text: was conducted by General William Medows, and it was a limited success. Medows successfully occupied the Coimbatore district, but Tipu counterattacked and was able to reduce the British position to a small number of strongly held outposts. Tipu then invaded the Carnatic, where he attempted unsuccessfully to draw the French into the conflict. Because of Medows' weak campaigning, Cornwallis personally took command of the British forces in 1791. When the war broke out, Cornwallis negotiated alliances with the Marathas and Hyderabad. Cornwallis ascended the Eastern Ghats to reach the Deccan Plateau in February 1791. After successfully besieging Bangalore, Cornwallis then

title: Surrender of Lord Cornwallis

text: Surrender of Lord Cornwallis The Surrender of Lord Cornwallis is an oil painting by John Trumbull. The painting was completed in 1820, and hangs in the rotunda of the United States Capitol in Washington, D. C. The painting depicts the surrender of British Lieutenant General Charles, Earl Cornwallis at Yorktown, Virginia on October 19, 1781, ending the Siege of Yorktown, and virtually guaranteeing American independence. Included in the depiction are many leaders of the American troops that took part in the siege. Artist John Trumbull (1756–1843) spent the early part of the American Revolutionary War as a soldier, serving as

title: Edward Cornwallis

text: 3rd Baron Cornwallis, was First Lord of the Admiralty. His nephews were Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, James Cornwallis, 4th Earl Cornwallis, and William Cornwallis. He and his twin brother, Frederick Cornwallis, were made royal pages at the age of 12. They were enrolled at Eton at age 14. Their brother, Stephen Cornwallis, rose to the rank of General in the Army. It was initially unclear which brother would enter the church and which the military. The matter was decided when, one day, Frederick fell and paralysed his arm; he would take the religious path. At age 18, Edward was

text: defeated at Cowpens. He then clashed with the rebuilt Continental army under General Nathanael Greene at Guilford Court House in North Carolina, winning a Pyrrhic victory with a bayonet charge against a numerically superior enemy. In the battle, he controversially ordered grape shot to be fired into a mass of combat that resulted in friendly casualties but helped break the American line. Cornwallis then moved his forces to Wilmington on the coast to resupply. Cornwallis himself had generally been successful in his battles, but the constant marching and the losses incurred had shrunk and tired out his army. Greene, whose

title: Cornwallis in India

text: Anglo-Mysore War by General Eyre Coote, who died in 1783 during the later stages of the war with Mysore. Company policy, as implemented by Hastings, had involved the company in intrigues and shifting alliances involving France, Mysore, the Marathas, and factions within those and other local territories. Cornwallis was first considered for a posting to India during the ministry of the Earl of Shelburne in the spring of 1782. Shelburne asked Cornwallis if he wanted to go to India as governor general, an idea Cornwallis viewed with favour, as it provided employment without risking his parole status. However, Shelburne was

text: United Kingdom on 25 March 1802. The treaty ended the War of the Second Coalition, but the peace was short-lived. Actions by Bonaparte over the next year alarmed the other European powers, and the United Kingdom refused to withdraw forces from Malta as specified in the treaty. By May 1803 war was again declared. Cornwallis is often seen as being partially responsible for conceding too much in the negotiations, although much had already been granted to France in the preliminary negotiations. In 1805 Cornwallis was reappointed Governor-General of India by Pitt (who had again become Prime Minister), this time to

text: Chesapeake, and the French siege train arrived from Newport, Rhode Island, his position became untenable. He surrendered after about three weeks' siege to General Washington and the French commander, the Comte de Rochambeau, on 19 October 1781. Cornwallis, apparently not wanting to face Washington, claimed to be ill on the day of the surrender, and sent Brigadier General Charles O'Hara in his place to surrender his sword formally. Washington had his second-in-command, Benjamin Lincoln, accept Cornwallis' sword. Cornwallis returned to Britain with Benedict Arnold, and they were cheered when they landed in Britain on 21 January 1782. His surrender did

title: Cornwallis Code

text: Cornwallis Code The Cornwallis Code is a body of legislation enacted in 1793 by the East India Company to improve the governance of its territories in India. The Code was developed under the guidance of Charles, Earl (Lord) Cornwallis, who served as Governor-General of Bengal from 1786 to 1793 The code contained significant provisions - governing, policing and judicial and civil administration and Its best known provision was the Permanent Settlement (or the zamindari system enacted in 1793), which established a revenue collection scheme which lasted until the 20th century. Beginning with Bengal, the system spread over all of northern

title: Kinahan Cornwallis

text: General Headquarters from Bell bring composed of dispatches from the secretive "Arab Bulletin." According to his signature, Cornwallis wrote the Introduction while in Petersfield. On 1 April 1941, pro-German Rashid Ali and a group of supporters staged a "coup d'état" to depose the government of the pro-British Regent of the Kingdom of Iraq, Prince Abdul Illah. From 2 April, Cornwallis was named as the British Ambassador to Iraq. He had much experience in Mesopotamia having spent twenty years in the country as adviser to former King Faisal I who had died in 1933. Cornwallis, being highly regarded, was sent to

text: daughter of Sir Thomas Playsted of Arlington, East Sussex. They had eleven children but, as their eldest two sons died young, their son Charles succeeded to the title. He is buried under a monument in St. Mary's Church, Culford. St. Mary's Church was built by their daughter-in-law Elizabeth's father, Sir Stephen Fox. Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis of Eye (1632 – 13 April 1673) was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1660 to 1662 when he inherited the peerage as Baron Cornwallis.. Cornwallis was born in Culford, Suffolk,

title: Cornwallis Code

text: The higher ranks of the services were restricted to the British, thus depriving the Indians of any responsible office. As a whole, the system gave social and political stability to Bengal at the price of neglecting the rights of the lesser landholders and undertenants and of excluding Indians from any responsible share in the administration. Cornwallis Code The Cornwallis Code is a body of legislation enacted in 1793 by the East India Company to improve the governance of its territories in India. The Code was developed under the guidance of Charles, Earl (Lord) Cornwallis, who served as Governor-General of Bengal

title: Cornwallis in North America

text: accept Cornwallis's sword. Cornwallis returned to Britain with General Arnold, and they were cheered when they landed in England on January 21, 1782. In 1782 Henry Laurens, a representative to the Continental Congress, was released from the Tower of London in exchange for a promise to effect the release of Cornwallis from his parole. Laurens was unsuccessful in this, and Cornwallis was not formally freed until a preliminary peace was agreed in 1783. His tactics in America, especially during the southern campaign, were a frequent subject of criticism by his political enemies in London, especially General Clinton, who sought to

title: American Revolution

text: for the revolution. The amendments were ratified by the states in 1791. The national debt fell into three categories after the American Revolution. The first was the $12 million owed to foreigners, mostly money borrowed from France. There was general agreement to pay the foreign debts at full value. The national government owed $40 million and state governments owed $25 million to Americans who had sold food, horses, and supplies to the revolutionary forces. There were also other debts that consisted of promissory notes issued during the Revolutionary War to soldiers, merchants, and farmers who accepted these payments on the

text: Jemima died on 14 April 1779. During the postwar years, Cornwallis had remained active in military matters. He became colonel of the 33rd Regiment of Foot in 1766. On September 29, 1775 he was promoted to major general. With the outbreak of the war in North America, Cornwallis put his previous misgivings aside and sought active service; proposing an expedition to the southern colonies. Promoted to lieutenant general in North America, he began his service in 1776 under General Sir Henry Clinton with the failed Siege of Charleston. He and Clinton then sailed for New York City, where they participated

title: Fiennes Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis

text: Charles Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis; the 7th great-grandson of Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis; the 8th great-grandson of Frederick Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis; and the 9th great-grandson of Jane Cornwallis, and Elizabeth Richardson, 1st Lady Cramond. His ancestors include Edward Cornwallis, Frederick Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, William Cornwallis, and Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Marquess Cornwallis. Fiennes Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis Fiennes Neil Wykeham Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis, OBE, DL (29 June 1921 – 6 March 2010) was a British peer. He was the younger child, and the only son, of Wykeham Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis and Cecily Etha Mary

title: Fiennes Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis

text: the 2nd great-grandson of James Cornwallis, 4th Earl Cornwallis; the 3rd great-grandson of Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis; the 4th great-grandson of Charles Cornwallis, 4th Baron Cornwallis; the 5th great-grandson of Charles Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis; the 6th great-grandson of Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis; the 7th great-grandson of Frederick Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis; and the 8th great-grandson of Jane Cornwallis, and Elizabeth Richardson, 1st Lady Cramond. His other ancestors include Edward Cornwallis, Frederick Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, William Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Marquess Cornwallis, and Philip Wykeham Martin. Was an eminent Freemason and was Provincial Grand master

title: Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis

text: and the great-great grandson of Frederick Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis. He was the grandfather of Charles Cornwallis; the great-grandfather of James Mann; the 2nd great-grandfather of Fiennes Cornwallis; the 3rd great-grandfather of Fiennes Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis; the 4th great-grandfather of Wykeham Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis; and the 5th great-grandfather of Fiennes Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis. Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis (29 March 170023 June 1762), styled The Honourable Charles Cornwallis until 1722 and known as The Lord Cornwallis between 1722 and 1753, was a British peer. Cornwallis was the son of Charles Cornwallis, 4th

title: Wykeham Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis

text: its commanding officer was wounded. In the autumn of 1917, Cornwallis was attached to 5th Cavalry Brigade headquarters, with his promotion to Captain being confirmed on Christmas Day 1917. In July 1918 he was promoted to General Staff Officer Third Grade and served as a staff officer for the remainder of the war. After the Armistice he served with the General Staff in Belgium and was appointed as Aide de Camp to Field Marshall Haig before being Mentioned in Dispatches in July 1919. After the war Cornwallis was an instructor at Sandhurst. He retired from the army in 1924, joining

title: Surrender of Lord Cornwallis

text: beneath the white banner of the royal Bourbon family. On the right are American officers beneath the Stars and Stripes; among them are the Marquis de Lafayette and Colonel Jonathan Trumbull, the brother of the painter. General George Washington, riding a brown horse, stayed in the background because Cornwallis himself was not present for the surrender. The Comte de Rochambeau is on the left center on a brown horse. Surrender of Lord Cornwallis The Surrender of Lord Cornwallis is an oil painting by John Trumbull. The painting was completed in 1820, and hangs in the rotunda of the United States

title: South Carolina in the American Revolution

text: to be the turning point of the revolution in the South, because it squashed any significant further recruitment of Loyalists, and compelled Cornwallis to temporarily abandon North Carolina. That December, General Nathanael Greene arrived with an army of Continental troops. When Greene heard of Tarleton's approach, he sent Brigadier General Daniel Morgan and his backwoodsmen over the Appalachian Mountains to stop him. On January 17, 1781, the two forces met at a grassy field with widespread hardwoods, reeds, and marsh in a well-known cattle grazing area called Cowpens. Pickens and his guerilla soldiers joined Morgan directly before the battle. Morgan

title: Loyalists fighting in the American Revolution

text: Canadian House of Commons. The 1985 Al Pacino film " Revolution" depicts a rich Loyalist family named the McConnahays, whose youthful daughter falls for Pacino and the Patriot cause. The film "The Patriot" has a British character, Tavington, based on Banastre Tarleton. In history, Tarleton's men were mostly Loyalists. In the film, one, Captain Wilkins, is given a chance to declare his British allegiance at the beginning of the film, and is seen helping Cornwallis to the end. The novel "Oliver Wiswell", by the American historical novelist Kenneth Roberts, tells the whole story of the Revolution from the Loyalist side.

title: Georgia in the American Revolution

text: revolution for many Georgians. News of the signing of the preliminary peace treaty reached Savannah in late May 1783 and caused a general celebration. The newly independent state of Georgia, though poor in every other respect, claimed a virtual empire of territory reaching to the Mississippi River, which was disputed by the Creek Indians, who actually possessed the land. Georgia in the American Revolution Georgia in the American Revolution refers to the role of the Province (and later State) of Georgia, which was a significant battleground in the American Revolution. Its population was at first divided about exactly how to

title: Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis

text: Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis (29 March 170023 June 1762), styled The Honourable Charles Cornwallis until 1722 and known as The Lord Cornwallis between 1722 and 1753, was a British peer. Cornwallis was the son of Charles Cornwallis, 4th Baron Cornwallis, by Lady Charlotte, daughter of Richard Butler, 1st Earl of Arran. Edward Cornwallis and Frederick Cornwallis were his younger brothers. He was admitted to Clare College, Cambridge in 1717. Cornwallis succeeded his father in the barony in 1722. In 1740 he was sworn of the Privy Council and appointed Lord-Lieutenant of the Tower Hamlets

title: Edward Cornwallis

text: saw a failed amphibious descent on the French coastline. The vast force massed on the Isle of Wight before sailing for Rochefort. The fleet stopped at Île D'Aix and examined the French defences. General Sir John Mordaunt, head of the land forces, decided the defences were too strong to attack. He called a council of war. Cornwallis voted to retreat, while Admiral Edward Hawke, head of the naval forces, and James Wolfe, quartermaster general, voted to attack. Mordaunt and Cornwallis carried the day and the mission was abandoned. Mordaunt was arrested and faced court martial. Cornwallis testified that an attempted

title: William Cornwallis

text: Billy Blue and a sea shanty was written during his period of service, reflecting the admiration his men had for him. William Cornwallis was born 10 February 1744. His father was Charles the fifth baron and first earl Cornwallis and his mother was Elizabeth, daughter of Viscount Charles Townshend. William was the younger brother of General Charles Cornwallis. The young William entered the navy in 1755 aboard the 80-gun bound for North America in the fleet of Admiral Edward Boscawen. Cornwallis was shortly after exchanged into and was present in her at the Siege of Louisbourg in 1758. The siege

title: Earl Cornwallis

text: Earl Cornwallis Earl Cornwallis was a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1753 for Charles Cornwallis, 5th Baron Cornwallis. The second Earl was created Marquess Cornwallis but this title became extinct in 1823, while the earldom and its subsidiary titles became extinct in 1852 (the barony was recreated in the 20th century). The Cornwallis family descended from Frederick Cornwallis, who represented Eye and Ipswich in the House of Commons. He was created a Baronet in the Baronetage of England in 1627 and Baron Cornwallis, of Eye in the County of Suffolk, in the Peerage of

title: Thomas Cornwallis

text: Thomas Cornwallis Thomas Cornwallis (c. 1605–1675) was an English politician and colonial administrator. Cornwallis served as one of the first Commissioners of the Province of Maryland (Proprietary Colony of Maryland), and Captain of the colony's military during the early years of settlement. In a 1638 naval engagement with Virginian colonists, he captured Kent Island in Maryland. Thomas was related to Sir Charles Cornwallis of Beeston, Norfolk (d. 1629), who was an ambassador to Spain and the brother of both Elizabeth Cornwallis and Sir William Cornwallis of Brome. Sir William was the direct ancestor of Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis. Thomas

title: An American Revolution

text: the "An American Revolution" campaigns would end in the fall of 2009 and would be replaced by new campaigns. The new vehicles are: General Motors India rebranded the campaign in India, titled "An Indian Revolution". Many of the American TV ads under the An American Revolution campaign were rebroadcast in Canada with the slogan 'Chevrolet. Canada's #1 Selling Brand.' An American Revolution An American Revolution is a former advertising campaign used by American car manufacturer Chevrolet. First introduced on New Year's Eve 2003 in the United States to promote its "ten new cars and trucks in twenty months", released since

text: He had been a stamp collector since his youth. His specialised collections of Australia, Gambia, Gibraltar, and Malta stamps were sold in 2011. He was a fellow of the Royal Philatelic Society London from 1988 and a member of the Royal Tunbridge Wells Philatelic Society. Cornwallis was the grandson of Fiennes Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis; the great-grandson of Fiennes Cornwallis; the 2nd great-grandson of James Mann, 5th Earl Cornwallis; the 3rd great-grandson of James Cornwallis, 4th Earl Cornwallis; the 4th great-grandson of Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis; the 5th great-grandson of Charles Cornwallis, 4th Baron Cornwallis; the 6th great-grandson of

title: British Legion (American Revolution)

text: Charleston in 1780. The regiment participated in many battles in Clinton's South Carolina campaign, defeating General Isaac Huger and Lieutenant William Washington at Monck's Corner, dispersing another American force at Lenud's Ferry, and routing a column under the hapless Colonel Abraham Buford at the controversial Waxhaw massacre. During 1780, the Legion received reinforcements in the form of more drafts from Emmerich's Chasseurs and the Prince of Wales' American Volunteers and the permanent attachment of the Bucks County Dragoons. After Lord Cornwallis took command of the southern Crown forces, the Legion participated in his defeat of General Horatio Gates at the

text: Ireland and India; in both places he brought about significant changes, including the Act of Union in Ireland, and the Cornwallis Code and the Permanent Settlement in India. Born into an aristocratic family and educated at Eton and Cambridge, Cornwallis joined the army in 1757, seeing action in the Seven Years' War. Upon his father's death in 1762 he became Earl Cornwallis and entered the House of Lords. From 1766 until 1805 he was Colonel of the 33rd Regiment of Foot. He next saw military action in 1776 in the American War of Independence. Active in the advance forces of

text: the office of Paymaster of the Forces in the Cabinet of Walpole and Townshend. A grandson of Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis, he married Lady Charlotte Butler, daughter of Richard Butler, 1st Earl of Arran, on 6 June 1699. They had 10 children: He was the grandfather of Charles, William, and James Cornwallis; the great-grandfather of Charles Cornwallis; the 2nd great-grandfather of James Mann; the 3rd great-grandfather of Fiennes Cornwallis; the 4th great-grandfather of Fiennes Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis; the 5th great-grandfather of Wykeham Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis; and the 6th great-grandfather of Fiennes Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis. Charles Cornwallis,

title: Surrender of Lord Cornwallis

text: sea, but the British vessels were repelled by a French fleet. Within weeks General Washington had deployed a much larger army, and his artillery bombarded the British positions in early October. After American and French troops overran two British strongholds, Cornwallis surrendered on October 19, 1781. In the center of the scene, American General Benjamin Lincoln appears mounted on a white horse. He extends his right hand toward the sword carried by the surrendering British officer, General Charles O'Hara, who heads the long line of troops that extends into the background. To the left, French officers appear standing and mounted

text: Fiennes Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis Fiennes Neil Wykeham Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis, OBE, DL (29 June 1921 – 6 March 2010) was a British peer. He was the younger child, and the only son, of Wykeham Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis and Cecily Etha Mary (née Walker). He had an elder sister, Rosamond Patricia Susan Anne Cornwallis (15 May 1918 – 3 September 1960). He attended Eton College. Upon the death of his father in 1982, he succeeded him as the 3rd Baron Cornwallis. Lord Cornwallis married three times. His first wife was Judith Lacy (née Scott), daughter of Lt.-Col. Geffrey

text: Wykeham Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis Colonel Wykeham Stanley Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis (4 March 1892 – 4 January 1982), was a British peer, cavalry officer and amateur cricketer. He served during the First World War and was later prominent in public life in the county of Kent, holding a range of public offices. He played first-class cricket for Kent County Cricket Club, captaining the side between 1926 and 1928 and succeeded his father Fiennes Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis as Baron Cornwallis in 1935. Cornwallis was born at Linton Park in Linton in Kent, the second son of Fiennes Cornwallis and

title: An American Revolution

text: An American Revolution An American Revolution is a former advertising campaign used by American car manufacturer Chevrolet. First introduced on New Year's Eve 2003 in the United States to promote its "ten new cars and trucks in twenty months", released since January 2004, but the lineup of advertised cars was later expanded. Also including the Korean made Chevrolet Aveo. The campaign was made by advertising firm Campbell-Ewald from Warren, Michigan, near General Motors' headquarters in Detroit. "An American Revolution" was released on the TV program "Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve" on the TV channel ABC. The TV commercials have

title: Kinahan Cornwallis (writer)

text: the 1890s he returned to the writing of poetry and novels but without distinction. At the time of his death his he was regarded as a prominent lawyer with little mention of his literary output. Kinahan Cornwallis was father to Kinahan Cornwallis, the diplomat. Kinahan Cornwallis (writer) Kinahan Cornwallis [Albert McKenzie Russell Kinahan] (1839–1917) was a British / American poet, writer, editor, and lawyer. Kinahan Cornwallis early life not well-documented. Biographers have unquestionably accepted Cornwallis' writings as factual when they are questionable at best. A volume titled "My Life and Adventuires; An Autobiography" is a work of fiction. HIs true

title: HMS Cornwallis (1813)

text: HMS Cornwallis (1813) HMS "Cornwallis" was a 74-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 12 May 1813 at Bombay. She was built of teak. The capture of "Java" by USS "Constitution" delayed the completion of "Cornwallis" as "Java" had been bringing her copper sheathing from England. "Cornwallis" arrived at Deal, Kent on 31 May 1814, having escorted several East Indiamen (including , , and ), and two whalers (including ). On 27 April 1815, "Cornwallis" engaged the American sloop USS "Hornet", which had mistaken "Cornwallis" for a merchant ship. Heavily outgunned, "Hornet" was forced

title: Cornwallis in North America

text: City.) Cornwallis reconnoitered Yorktown, and found it to be inadequate. He informed Clinton that he would move to Portsmouth, embark troops there for Clinton's use, and assess whether Portsmouth was a more suitable location for a naval station. Cornwallis accordingly began moving his army toward Portsmouth. This necessitated crossing the wide James River at Jamestown, a move the earl realized would give Lafayette an opportunity to attack. He decided to lay a trap for the marquis, who had come to the same conclusion when he noticed Cornwallis heading for the ferry. Lafayette's advance force, led by General Wayne, walked into

title: Cubah Cornwallis

text: Cubah Cornwallis Cubah Cornwallis (died 1848) (often spelled Coubah, Couba, Cooba or Cuba) was a nurse or "doctoress" and Obeah woman who lived in Jamaica during the late 18th and 19th Century. Little is known of her early life although records indicate that she was originally a slave, belonging to Captain William Cornwallis, brother of Charles, Earl Cornwallis. The details of her release from slavery are also not known although there are references suggesting that she and Captain Cornwallis were lovers. When freed she was appointed by Cornwallis as his housekeeper whilst he remained in Jamaica. On his departure, she

text: and 1930. In 1927 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Cornwallis, of Linton in the County of Kent, where his country house, Linton Park, was situated. Lord Cornwallis married Mabel Leigh, daughter of Oswald Peter Leigh, in 1886. They had seven children, three sons and four daughters. Fiennes Wykeham Mann Cornwallis was killed in Ireland in May 1921 during the Irish War of Independence. Lord Cornwallis was succeeded in the barony by his second son, Wykeham Stanley. Lady Cornwallis died in 1957. Cornwallis was the grandson of Charles Wykeham Martin; the great-grandson of James Mann, 5th Earl Cornwallis;

title: James Cornwallis, 4th Earl Cornwallis

text: 2nd Baronet) and they had one child, James. In 1814, he inherited Sir Horatio's estate at Linton Park. In 1823 he inherited the earldom of Cornwallis from his nephew, Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Marquess Cornwallis but held the title for less than a year, when it passed to his son. In 1781 he was appointed Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry and was Dean of Windsor from 1791–94 and Dean of Durham from 1794 before dying in office in 1824. James Cornwallis, 4th Earl Cornwallis James Cornwallis, 4th Earl Cornwallis (25 February 1743 – 20 January 1824) was a British clergyman, and

text: 1660, Cornwallis was elected Member of Parliament for Eye in the Convention Parliament. He was created Knight of the Bath on 23 April 1661. In 1661 he was re-elected MP for Eye in the Cavalier Parliament and sat until 1662 when on the death of his father he inherited the peerage. He became J.P. in 1662 and as county magistrate, he was one of the appointees at the assize who oversaw a test of an accused women in the Lowestoft Witch Trial. Cornwallis died aged 41, and was buried at Culford. At age 19, Cornwallis married Margaret Playsted (died 1668),

text: was made a Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter. The same year he accepted appointment as Governor-General and commander in chief in India. He had in 1782 been offered the governor-generalship only, but refused the post until he also received military command as well. Cornwallis engaged in reforms of all types, that affected many areas of civil, military, and corporate administration. According to historian Jerry Dupont, Cornwallis was responsible for "laying the foundation for British rule throughout India and setting standards for the services, courts and revenue collection that remained remarkably unaltered almost to the end

title: Sons of the American Revolution

text: Lyndon Johnson, Gerald Ford and George H.W. Bush. The following 38 SAR Compatriots are known to have received the Medal of Honor. This is an incomplete list of the Presidents-General of the Sons of the American Revolution. The first President-General was Lucius Deming. Three Presidents have died in office. The current President-General is Larry T. Guzy. Sons of the American Revolution The National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution (SAR or NSSAR) is an American congressionally chartered organization, founded in 1889 and headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky. A non-profit corporation, it has described its purpose as maintaining and extending

title: Cornwallis in India

text: Cornwallis in India British General Charles Cornwallis, the Earl Cornwallis, was appointed in February 1786 to serve as both Commander-in-Chief of British India and Governor of the Presidency of Fort William, also known as the Bengal Presidency. He oversaw the consolidation of British control over much of peninsular India, setting the stage for the British Raj. He was also instrumental in enacting administrative and legal reforms that fundamentally altered civil administration and land management practices there. According to historian Jerry Dupont, Cornwallis was responsible for "laying the foundation for British rule throughout India and setting standards for the services, courts,

title: Cornwallis in Ireland

text: rights in the 1820s led to the 1829 Catholic Relief Act. Cornwallis next was engaged by the king in diplomatic efforts in Europe. He led the British diplomatic team whose negotiations with Napoleon resulted in the 1802 Treaty of Amiens. He was then offered a second tour of duty in India. After a difficult sea voyage, he died in India not long after arriving there in 1805. He is buried in Ghazipur, India. Cornwallis in Ireland British General Charles Cornwallis, the 1st Marquess Cornwallis was appointed in June 1798 to serve as both Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and Commander-in-Chief of

text: the necessity of keeping a large British force in New York under Clinton to shadow Washington. Cornwallis was expected to recruit more Loyalists, who were believed to be more numerous in the southern colonies. Cornwallis established a series of outposts in South Carolina, but keeping communication and supply lines open was an ongoing challenge. Supplies not available locally (like uniforms, camp gear, arms, and ammunition) were delivered all too infrequently, supply ships were frequent targets of local privateers, and bad weather impeded the work. In order to help provide fresh food and forage for his troops, Cornwallis established two commissioners.

text: his performance at Monmouth, he eventually came to blame him for failing to win the day. In November 1778, Cornwallis once more returned to England to be with his ailing wife Jemima, who died in February 1779. Cornwallis returned to America in July 1779, where he was to play a central role as the lead commander of the British "Southern strategy" (which was to invade the south on the assumption that a significantly more Loyalist population would rise up and assist in putting the rebellion down). At the end of 1779, Henry Clinton and Cornwallis transported a large force south

text: significant reforms within the East India Company and its territories, including the Cornwallis Code, part of which implemented important land taxation reforms known as the Permanent Settlement. From 1789 to 1792 he led British and Company forces in the Third Anglo-Mysore War to defeat the Mysorean ruler Tipu Sultan. Returning to Britain in 1794, Cornwallis was given the post of Master-General of the Ordnance. In 1798 he was appointed Lord Lieutenant and Commander-in-chief of Ireland, where he oversaw the response to the 1798 Irish Rebellion, including a French invasion of Ireland, and was instrumental in bringing about the Union of

title: Cornwallis in Ireland

text: Cornwallis in Ireland British General Charles Cornwallis, the 1st Marquess Cornwallis was appointed in June 1798 to serve as both Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and Commander-in-Chief of Ireland, the highest civil and military posts in the Kingdom of Ireland. He held these offices until 1801. Cornwallis had specific instructions and authority to deal with the Irish Rebellion of 1798, which had broken out in May 1798. He took steps to ensure that justice was consistently applied to captured rebels, personally reviewing a significant number of court cases. He directed military operations when a French Revolutionary force landed at Killala Bay

text: of Kent and a "Past Grand Warden" in the United Grand Lodge of England. Stanley Wykeham Lodge 6599 was named for him. Fiennes Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis Colonel Fiennes Stanley Wykeham Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis (27 May 1864 – 26 September 1935), was a British Conservative politician. Lord Cornwallis was born 27 May 1864 at Chacombe Priory, Banbury, Oxfordshire, the eldest son of Fiennes Cornwallis and Harriet Elizabeth ("née" Mott). He had one brother and two sisters and was educated at Eton College. He was elected to the House of Commons as Member of Parliament for Maidstone in 1888, a

text: Fiennes Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis Colonel Fiennes Stanley Wykeham Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis (27 May 1864 – 26 September 1935), was a British Conservative politician. Lord Cornwallis was born 27 May 1864 at Chacombe Priory, Banbury, Oxfordshire, the eldest son of Fiennes Cornwallis and Harriet Elizabeth ("née" Mott). He had one brother and two sisters and was educated at Eton College. He was elected to the House of Commons as Member of Parliament for Maidstone in 1888, a seat he held until 1895 and again from 1898 to 1900. He was also Chairman of the Kent County Council between 1910

title: Thomas Cornwallis

text: In 1643, he defended the colony against a Native American attack. In 1644, Richard Ingle sailed into Chesapeake Bay with his ship, "Reformation," and fired on St. Mary's City. Cornwallis' land was occupied and many of the buildings he had constructed were destroyed. As a result of these losses and his loss of influence in the colony, Cornwallis returned to England, where he died at some point after 4 March 1675. The tombs of Cornwallis and his wife Penelope are inside St. Mary's Church in Erwarton. Thomas Cornwallis sailed with Lord Leonard Calvert from England to Maryland, not Virginia, as

title: Francis Cornwallis

text: gave hers away in charity. Cornwallis was described in his obituary as ‘hospitable, obliging and beneficent; a lover of virtue without ostentation, and of mirth without vice’. Francis Cornwallis Francis Cornwallis (c. 1692–1728) of Abermarlais, was a Welsh Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1722 to 1728. Cornwallis was the only son of Thomas Cornwallis of Abermarlais and his wife Emma Charlton, daughter of Sir Job Charlton, 1st Baronet MP of Ludford, Herefordshire. His father died in 1703 and he succeeded to his estate. He was admitted at Lincoln’s Inn in 1706, studied at Eton College

text: he held until 1972, and became the first Pro Chancellor of the University of Kent. The Cornwallis family were closely associated with Freemasonry in Kent. Cornwallis succeeded his father as Provincial Grand Master of Kent in 1935 until the county was divided into East and West Kent in 1973. He then served as Provincial Grand Master of East Kent until his death in 1982. The organisation's main charity is named after the Cornwallis family and was established following the death of the first Baron in 1935. Cornwallis' son, Fiennes Neil Wykeham Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis, was Pro Grand Master of

title: Cornwallis in North America

text: as the best of the choices for the station. On August 2, he disembarked his army at Yorktown, and began fortifying the area. While Cornwallis fortified, forces from the West Indies and the allied camp outside New York were preparing to converge on his position. With the arrival of the French fleet under the Comte de Grasse at the end of August, and the arrival of General Washington's combined French-American army by late September, Cornwallis was trapped. After the Royal Navy fleet under Admiral Thomas Graves was defeated by the French at the 5 September Battle of the Chesapeake, and

title: Cornwallis in Ireland

text: which he felt would diminish its effectiveness. In March 1798, Camden suggested to Pitt that he be replaced as Lord Lieutenant with Cornwallis, and then in May suggested that Cornwallis be offered both posts, an arrangement similar to the position he held in India. Cornwallis was aware of the discussions around these later proposals, and he agreed to the idea in discussions with Pitt in early June. On 13 June, King George's Privy Council approved his appointment to both posts. On 21 June, Cornwallis arrived in Dublin to take command. While these discussions went on, General Lake directed the response

title: George Washington in the American Revolution

text: in Virginia against General Phillips. Rochambeau agreed to bring his army to New York, and dispatches were sent to the West Indies outlining the options to de Grasse. General Clinton had turned over command of the southern army to General Cornwallis. After the defeat of Gates at Camden, he had nominally gained control over South Carolina, although there was significant militia skirmishing, led by partisan fighters like Francis Marion and Thomas Sumter. Cornwallis then attempted to extend British authority into North Carolina, but one wing of his army was defeated in the October 1780 Battle of Kings Mountain, and another

title: Francis Cornwallis

text: Cornwallis stood for Cardiganshire at the 1722 general election at the suggestion of Lewis Pryse and William Powell of Nanteos, joint leaders of the Cardiganshire Tories, and he was returned unopposed as Member of Parliament for the seat. At the 1727 general election he transferred to Cardigan Boroughs and was returned unopposed. He was a member of the society of Sea Serjeants, which was said to be a South Wales Jacobite organization. Cornwallis died without issue on 19 August 1728 after falling from his horse in Abermarlais Park. His estate went to his four sisters, the eldest of whom, Letitia,

title: Frederick Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis

text: her death c. February 1643, he married Elizabeth Crofts, daughter of Sir Henry Crofts (of Little Saxham), with whom he had a daughter. He died suddenly of apoplexy. Samuel Pepys recorded his death in the famous Diary, and described him as a "bold, profane-talking man". Another contemporary source described him as "a man of so cheerful a spirit that no sorrow came next his heart, and of so resolved a mind that no fear came into his thoughts". He was the father of Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis. Frederick Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis Frederick Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis (14 March

text: Cornwallis returned to England from the Western Front to marry his first wife Cecily Etha Mary Walker, daughter of Captain Sir James Heron Walker, 3rd Baronet Walker of Sand Hutton at St Margaret's Church, Westminster. They couple had two children, Rosamond Cornwallis (15 May 1918 – 3 September 1960) and Fiennes Neil Wykeham Cornwallis (1921–2010). Their son succeeded Cornwallis as the Third Baron Cornwallis in 1982. Cecily died in 1943 and Cornwallis married Lady Esme Walker in 1948. His second wife was the daughter of Montmorency d'Beaumont and widow of Sir Robert James Milo Walker, 4th Baronet Walker of Sand

title: Virginia in the American Revolution

text: Cornwallis with a series of skirmishes. Lafayette retreated to Fredericksburg, met up with General Anthony Wayne, and then marched into the southwest. Cornwallis dispatched two smaller missions: 500 soldiers under Colonel John Graves Simcoe to take the arsenal at Point of Fork and 250 under Colonel Banastre Tarleton to march on Charlottesville and capture Gov. Jefferson and the legislature. The expedition to Point of Fork forced Steuben to retreat further while Tarleton's mission captured only seven legislators and some officers. Jack Jouett had ridden all night ride to warn Jefferson and the legislators of Tarleton's coming. Cornwallis reunited his army

text: skill of Cornwallis. In London, Cornwallis was perceived as a hero, and was viewed by many there as the right man to lead the British forces to victory over the rebels. As the opposition seemed to melt away, Cornwallis optimistically began to advance north into North Carolina while militia activity continued to harass the troops he left in South Carolina. Attempts by Cornwallis to rally Loyalist support were dealt significant blows when a large gathering of them was defeated at Kings Mountain, only a day's march from Cornwallis and his army, and another large detachment of his army was decisively

text: Frederick Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis Frederick Cornwallis, 1st Baron Cornwallis (14 March 1610/1 – January 1662) was an English peer, MP and Privy Counsellor. He was Treasurer of the Household 1660-1662. He was the eldest surviving son of Sir William Cornwallis of Brome, Suffolk, and his second wife, Jane. After his father's death, his mother married Sir Nathaniel Bacon. He married twice. His first wife, Elizabeth Ashburnham, was the daughter of Sir John Ashburnham (of Ashburnham and Penhurst, Sussex) and Elizabeth Richardson, 1st Lady Cramond. They had three sons (of which only one, Charles, outlived him), and a daughter. After

text: Tipu's defensive positions outside the city, and then began siege operations. Tipu requested negotiations on 23 February, and peace was agreed on 18 March. Cornwallis and his allies demanded the cession of half of Mysorean territory, much of which went to the allies. As a guarantee of Tipu's performance, two of his sons were delivered to Cornwallis as hostages. Cornwallis and other British commanders, in a move appreciated by their soldiers, donated prize money awarded them to be distributed among the rank and file. For his success in conducting the war, Cornwallis was created Marquess Cornwallis in 1792, although he

text: Hutton. They had no children and Esme died in 1969. Cornwallis sold Linton Park in 1938. He died at his home Ashurst Park near Tunbridge Wells, where he had lived since 1970, in 1982 aged 89. Wykeham Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis Colonel Wykeham Stanley Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis (4 March 1892 – 4 January 1982), was a British peer, cavalry officer and amateur cricketer. He served during the First World War and was later prominent in public life in the county of Kent, holding a range of public offices. He played first-class cricket for Kent County Cricket Club, captaining the