query: where did kurds originate from?

title: Kurds in Kazakhstan

text: cities with a substantial Kurdish population, Kurdish literature and Kurdish language is taught in the primary and secondary schools. In the village of Kashkabulak, Kurdish students can study Kurdish through 12th grade. And since 1990, Kurds also have had their own newspaper, the "Kurdistan" newspaper. Kurds were deported twice to Central Asia from Caucasia. The first deportation occurred in 1937 where Stalin deported Kurds from Nakhchivan and the second deportation occurred in 1944 in Georgia. Stalin feared a Turkish invasion and he saw Kurds as unreliable, even though many Kurds served in the Soviet military. Many of them died during

title: Kurds

text: Kurmanji and Sorani are as different from each other as is English from German, giving the example that Kurmanji has grammatical gender and case endings, but Sorani does not, and observing that referring to Sorani and Kurmanji as "dialects" of one language is supported only by "their common origin ... and the fact that this usage reflects the sense of ethnic identity and unity of the Kurds." The number of Kurds living in Southwest Asia is estimated at close to 30 million, with another one or two million living in diaspora. Kurds comprise anywhere from 18% to 20% of the

title: Kurds in Russia

text: Kurds in Russia Kurds in Russia form a historically significant part of the Kurdish diaspora, with close ties to the Kurdish communities in the Caucasus and Central Asia. The 2010 Russian census registered a total of 63,818 ethnic Kurds living in Russia. During the early 19th century, the main goal of the Russian Empire was to ensure the neutrality of the Kurds in the wars against Persia and the Ottoman Empire. In the beginning of the 19th century, Kurds settled in Transcaucasia, at a time when Transcaucasia was incorporated into the Russian Empire. In the 20th century, Kurds were persecuted

title: Kurds

text: in Nashville is estimated to be around 11,000. Total number of ethnic Kurds residing in the United States is estimated by the US Census Bureau to be 15,400. Other sources claim that there are 20,000 ethnic Kurds in the United States. As a whole, the Kurdish people are adherents to a large number of different religions and creeds, perhaps constituting the most religiously diverse people of West Asia. Traditionally, Kurds have been known to take great liberties with their practices. This sentiment is reflected in the saying "Compared to the unbeliever, the Kurd is a Muslim". Today, the majority of

title: Kurds

text: population in Turkey, possibly as high as 25%; 15 to 20% in Iraq; 10% in Iran; and 9% in Syria. Kurds form regional majorities in all four of these countries, "viz." in Turkish Kurdistan, Iraqi Kurdistan, Iranian Kurdistan and Syrian Kurdistan. The Kurds are the fourth largest ethnic group in West Asia after the Arabs, Persians, and Turks. The total number of Kurds in 1991 was placed at 22.5 million, with 48% of this number living in Turkey, 18% in Iraq, 24% in Iran, and 4% in Syria. Recent emigration accounts for a population of close to 1.5 million in

title: Kurds in Finland

text: Kurdistan. Almost all Finnish Kurds are Muslim and in the Iraqi Kurdistan, where the most Finnish Kurds hail from, most Kurds are Sunni Muslim. Kurds are not however usually very active in religious life, since many of them have leftist and secular political background. Kurds in Finland Kurds in Finland refers to Kurds living in Finland. In 2017 there were 13,327 Kurdish speakers in Finland and the number of ethnic Kurds is probably higher. Some of the Finnish Kurds originate from Turkey and Iran, but most of them have come from Iraq, where they started arriving from in the 1990s

title: Kurds in Finland

text: Kurds in Finland Kurds in Finland refers to Kurds living in Finland. In 2017 there were 13,327 Kurdish speakers in Finland and the number of ethnic Kurds is probably higher. Some of the Finnish Kurds originate from Turkey and Iran, but most of them have come from Iraq, where they started arriving from in the 1990s as UNHCR quota refugees. Kurds make up the majority of Iraqi immigrants to Finland. After ISIL gained ground against the Peshmerga in Iraqi Kurdistan the Finnish Kurds organized protests against ISIL. According to the chairman of Finnish-Kurdish friendship association several dozens of Finnish Kurds

title: Kurds in Finland

text: had left to Syria and Iraq in order to fight against ISIL. Finnish Kurds speak several different dialects of Kurdish, the largest of which are Sorani and Kurmanji Kurdish. Kurmanji has more speakers worldwide, but Sorani is the most spoken Kurdish dialect in Finland. It is likelly that there are more ethnic Kurds than there are those who speak it as a first language. For example, some of the Kurds who originate from Turkey speak Turkish rather than Kurdish. There are several different Kurdish organizations in Finland, many of which have direct or undirect connections to political parties in Iraqi

title: Kurds

text: the Soviet Union, within which Kurds, like other ethnic groups, had the status of a protected minority. Armenian Kurds were permitted their own state-sponsored newspaper, radio broadcasts and cultural events. During the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh, many non-Yazidi Kurds were forced to leave their homes since both the Azeri and non-Yazidi Kurds were Muslim. In 1920, two Kurdish-inhabited areas of Jewanshir (capital Kalbajar) and eastern Zangazur (capital Lachin) were combined to form the Kurdistan Okrug (or "Red Kurdistan"). The period of existence of the Kurdish administrative unit was brief and did not last beyond 1929. Kurds subsequently faced many repressive measures,

title: Kurds

text: president Mohammad Reza Rahimi and Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Mayor of Tehran and second-placed presidential candidate in 2013. Kurdish language is today used more than at any other time since the Revolution, including in several newspapers and among schoolchildren. A large number of Iranian Kurds show no interest in Kurdish nationalism, particularly Kurds of the Shia faith who sometimes even vigorously reject idea of autonomy, preferring direct rule from Tehran. The issue of Kurdish nationalism and Iranian national identity is generally only questioned in the peripheral Kurdish dominated regions where the Sunni faith is prevalent. Kurds constitute approximately 17% of Iraq's

title: Kurds

text: started an Arabization program in the oil-rich regions of Kirkuk and Khanaqin. The peace agreement did not last long, and in 1974, the Iraqi government began a new offensive against the Kurds. Moreover, in March 1975, Iraq and Iran signed the Algiers Accord, according to which Iran cut supplies to Iraqi Kurds. Iraq started another wave of Arabization by moving Arabs to the oil fields in Kurdistan, particularly those around Kirkuk. Between 1975 and 1978, 200,000 Kurds were deported to other parts of Iraq. During the Iran–Iraq War in the 1980s, the regime implemented anti-Kurdish policies and a "de facto"

title: Kurds

text: exiled to Istanbul. Kurdish nationalism emerged after World War I with the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire which had historically successfully integrated (but not assimilated) the Kurds, through use of forced repression of Kurdish movements to gain independence. Revolts did occur sporadically but only in 1880 with the uprising led by Sheik Ubeydullah did the Kurds as an ethnic group or nation make demands. Ottoman sultan Abdul Hamid responded with a campaign of integration by co-opting prominent Kurdish opponents to strengthen Ottoman power with offers of prestigious positions in his government. This strategy appears to have been successful given the

title: Kurds

text: Armenians and Kurds by the Young Turks. He has given a detailed account of the deportation of Kurds from Erzurum and Bitlis in the winter of 1916. The Kurds were perceived to be subversive elements that would take the Russian side in the war. In order to eliminate this threat, Young Turks embarked on a large scale deportation of Kurds from the regions of "Djabachdjur", "Palu", "Musch", "Erzurum" and "Bitlis". Around 300,000 Kurds were forced to move southwards to Urfa and then westwards to Aintab and Marasch. In the summer of 1917, Kurds were moved to Konya in central Anatolia.

title: Kurds in Lebanon

text: ruled many areas of Lebanon for a long period of time. The first modern wave of Kurdish immigration to Lebanon was in the period of 1925-1950 when thousands of Kurds fled violence and poverty in Turkey. The second wave of Kurds entered in the late 1950s and early 1960s, most of whom fled from political repression in Syria and Turkey. During the early 1990s, the Lebanese government destroyed many squatter quarters in Beirut, where many Kurds lived, leading to the emigration of nearly one quarter of Lebanon's Kurdish population. During the Lebanese Civil War, Kurds fought for the Lebanese National

title: Kurds in Lebanon

text: Kurds in Lebanon Kurds in Lebanon refers to people born in or residing in Lebanon who are of Kurdish origin. Estimates on the number of Kurds in Lebanon prior to 1985 were around 60,000. Today, there are tens of thousands of Kurds in Lebanon, mainly in Beirut. Most Kurds in Lebanon have come in recent decades, but the Kurdish community of Lebanon dates back to the 12th century, when Lebanon was ruled by the Kurdish Ayyubid dynasty. The Ottomans also sent loyal Kurdish families to modern-day Syria and Lebanon, where they got administrative roles. These Kurdish groups settled in and

title: Where Did They Go (album)

text: in 1971. The single did not make the charts. Lee performed songs from this album, including "Where Did They Go" and "My Sweet Lord," during her June 1971 engagement at The Frontier Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada. After completing work on "Where Did They Go", Peggy Lee did not return to the recording studio again until nearly a year later, when she began recording "Norma Deloris Egstrom from Jamestown, North Dakota" in April 1972. This album was released on 8-track, along with LP. Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It

title: Where Did Everyone Go?

text: "there is a perceptible poignancy and longing weaved throughout Jenkins' arrangements. The opener "Where Did Everyone Go?" possesses a solitude accentuated by responsive instrumentation that supports, yet never intrudes. Cole's practically conversational delivery of pop standards...become musical soliloquies with the score as a sonic subtext." Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following "Love Is the Thing" (1957) and "The Very Thought of You" (1958). The initial "Billboard" review from April 13, 1963

title: Where Did Everyone Go?

text: Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following "Love Is the Thing" (1957) and "The Very Thought of You" (1958). The initial "Billboard" review from April 13, 1963 commented that "Here he is in a superb collection of ballad tunes, many of them in a lonesome, blue mood, with standout backing provided by Gordon Jenkins...Great mood wax for buyers and spinners". The Allmusic review of "Where Did Everyone Go?" by Lindsay Planer said

title: Kurds in Azerbaijan

text: to Armenia where they settled mainly in the Azeri-populated regions, which led the Kurdish population of Azerbaijan to significantly decrease in numbers. Common religion (unlike the majority of Kurds, Kurds of Azerbaijan are predominantly Shi'a Muslim like most Azeris) and shared elements of culture led to rapid assimilation of Azerbaijan's Kurdish population already by the end of the nineteenth century. Statistical data from 1886 shows that Kurds of Jabrayil, Arash and partly Javanshir spoke Azeri as a first language. According to the first Soviet census of 1926, only 3,100 (or 8.3%) of Azerbaijan's Kurdish population (which at the time numbered

title: Kurds in Iraq

text: on a case-by-case basis. Sunnis felt as if Kurds should gain no additional land as a result of the US invasion. Reattaching Kirkuk districts to reflect the 1975 boundaries posed many problems to Iraqis and brought along unintended consequences. The US government faced many problems trying to implement Article 140. This was not an ideal form of reparation for many Kurds. After being displaced, many formerly Kurdish regions lacked in development and agricultural upkeep. Educational and economic opportunities were often greater for Kurds outside of these disputed territories, so many people did not want to be forced to return. During

title: Kurds

text: historical structures, such as Erbil Citadel and the Mudhafaria Minaret. Kurds The Kurds (, "Kurd") or the Kurdish people (, "Gelî kurd") are an Iranian ethnic group of the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a contiguous area spanning adjacent parts of southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northern Syria. The Kurds are culturally, historically and linguistically classified as belonging to the Iranian peoples. Globally, the Kurds are estimated to number anywhere from a low of 30 million, to possibly as high as 45 million, by the Kurdish Institute of Paris, 2017 estimate. The Kurdish population is estimated at 15-20 million

title: Kurds

text: Kurds The Kurds (, "Kurd") or the Kurdish people (, "Gelî kurd") are an Iranian ethnic group of the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a contiguous area spanning adjacent parts of southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northern Syria. The Kurds are culturally, historically and linguistically classified as belonging to the Iranian peoples. Globally, the Kurds are estimated to number anywhere from a low of 30 million, to possibly as high as 45 million, by the Kurdish Institute of Paris, 2017 estimate. The Kurdish population is estimated at 15-20 million in Turkey, 10-12 million in Iran, 8-8.5 million in Iraq,

title: Kurds in Azerbaijan

text: Safavids resettled Shi'a Kurds where borders of the historical regions of Karabakh and Zangezur met. In the eighteenth century, many Kurdish tribes had formed tribal unions with Azeris in Karabakh lowlands. Nineteenth-century Russian historian Peter Budkov mentioned that in 1728, groups of Kurds and Shahsevans engaged in semi-nomadic cattle-breeding in the Mughan plain applied for Russian citizenship. In 1807, amidst the Russo-Persian War over the South Caucasus, a tribe chief by the name of Mehmed Sefi Sultan moved from Persian to the Karabakh khanate followed by 600 Kurdish families. By the second half of the nineteenth century, Kurds were found

title: Kurds in Syria

text: The Kurdish population in Syria is relatively small in comparison to the Kurdish populations in nearby countries, such as Turkey (14.4–16 million), Iran (7.9 million), and Iraq (4.7–6.2 million). The majority of Syrian Kurds speak Kurmanji, a Kurdish dialect spoken in Turkey and northeastern Iraq and Iran. It is estimated that at the beginning of the 20th century around 12,000 Kurds lived in Damascus; an unknown number of Kurds lived in the Kurd-Dagh region; 16,000 Kurds lived in the Jarabulus region; and an unknown number lived in the Jazira province where they were likely the majority. In the 1920s after

title: History of the Kurds

text: private schools, and the prohibition of books and other materials written in Kurdish. Having been denied the right to Syrian nationality, around three-hundred thousand Kurds have been deprived of any social rights, in violation of international law. As a consequence, these Kurds are in effect trapped within Syria. In February 2006, however, sources reported that Syria was now planning to grant these Kurds citizenship. On 12 March 2004, beginning at a stadium in Qamishli (a city in northeastern Syria where many Kurds live), clashes between Kurds and Syrians broke out and continued over a number of days. At least thirty

title: Kurds in Syria

text: However, many of those Kurds who submitted their cards received nothing in return. Many were arbitrarily categorized as "ajanib" ('foreigners'), while others who did not participate in the census were categorised as "maktumin" ('unregistered'), an even lower status than the "ajanib"; for all intents and purposes, these unregistered Kurds did not exist in the eyes of the state. They could not get jobs, become educated, own property, participate in politics, or even get married. In some cases, classifications varied even within Kurdish families: parents had citizenship but not their children, a child could be a citizen but not his or

title: Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come from?

text: the "protoIsraelites." It followed an earlier book, "What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It?", in which Dever, contrary to the "minimalists", asserted that the writers of the Old Testament knew a good deal about the Israelites' past. Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come from? Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From? is a book by American biblical scholar and archaeologist William G. Dever. Dever has been prominent in the debate between biblical "maximalists" and "minimalists" over the historicity of the Bible (specifically the Old Testament). This book,

title: Kurds in Turkmenistan

text: Kurds in Turkmenistan Kurds in Turkmenistan refers to people born in or residing in Turkmenistan who are of Kurdish origin. In the 17th century, Abbas I of Persia and Nader Shah settled Kurdish tribes from Khuzestan alongside the Iranian-Turkmen border. More Kurds arrived to Turkmenistan in the 19th century to find unclaimed land and to escape starvation. After the dissolution of Kurdistan Uyezd, many Kurds were deported to Turkmenistan. Stalin deported many Kurds from Caucasus to Turkmenistan in 1937 and again in 1944. Since the 1980s, The Kurds of Turkmenistan have been subject to government sponsored assimilation programmes. Under Soviet

title: Kurds

text: (Feyli Kurds) as well as Shia Kurds who are in Syria and especially in Turkey. Amongst Shia Muslim Kurdish communities, in particular the practitioners of Alevism in Anatolia, the Zaza language is found more commonly. Mystical practices and participation in Sufi orders are also widespread among Kurds, with prominent Kurdish Sufi saints including Piryones. The Alevis (usually considered adherents of a branch of Shia Islam with elements of Sufism) are another religious significant minority among the Kurds, living in Eastern Anatolia in Turkey, meanwhile, it is estimated that 30% of Kurds in Turkey are Alevis. Alevism developed out of the

title: Kurds

text: Kurds are Sunni Muslim, belonging to the Shafi school. The Kurdish following of the Shafi legal code has caused some tension when pushed up against Sunni Turks and Sunni Arabs who subscribe to the Hanafi legal code. The majority of Sunni Muslim Kurds belonging to the Shafi school speak the Northern Kurdish (Kurmanji) dialect. There is also a significant minority of Kurds who are Shia Muslims. A side of sources mention that most of Kurds in Iran are Shias, who primarily living in the Ilam, Kermanshah and Khorasan provinces of Iran; the other Shia Kurds are (often) in eastern Iraq

title: Kurds

text: including deportations, imposed by the Soviet government. As a result of the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh, many Kurdish areas have been destroyed and more than 150,000 Kurds have been deported since 1988 by separatist Armenian forces. According to a report by the Council of Europe, approximately 1.3 million Kurds live in Western Europe. The earliest immigrants were Kurds from Turkey, who settled in Germany, Austria, the Benelux countries, the United Kingdom, Switzerland and France during the 1960s. Successive periods of political and social turmoil in the region during the 1980s and 1990s brought new waves of Kurdish refugees, mostly from Iran

title: Kurds in Istanbul

text: Kurds in Istanbul The total number of Kurds in Istanbul is estimated variously from 2 to 4 million people. In 1995, the Kurdish Human Rights Watch estimated that the Kurds in Istanbul numbered ca. 2 million. In 1996, Servet Mutlu estimated that the Kurds were 8.16% (594,000) of Istanbul instead of the often stated 1.5 million. In 1998, the German Foreign Ministry stated that there were 3 million Kurds in Istanbul. American diplomat John Tirman estimated the Kurds in Istanbul to number 4 million people (1997). According to another estimation, the Kurds in Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir and other big cities

title: History of the Kurds

text: speak Northern Kurdish (Kurmanji) (1980). While population increase suggests that the number of speakers has grown, it is also true that the ban on the use of the language in Turkey was only lifted in 1991 and still exists in most official settings (including schools), and that many fewer ethnic Kurds live in the countryside where the language has traditionally been used. The number of speakers is clearly less than the 15 million or so persons who identify themselves as ethnic Kurds. From 1915 to 1918, Kurds struggled to end Ottoman rule over their region. They were encouraged by Woodrow

title: History of the Kurds

text: most fled to Russia or Western Europe. Recently introduced Electoral System of the Armenian National Assembly reserves seats for each of 4 major national minorities, including the Kurds. In 1920, two Kurdish-inhabited areas of Jewanshir (capital Kalbajar) and eastern Zangazur (capital Lachin) were combined to form the Kurdistan Okrug (or "Red Kurdistan"). The period of existence of the Kurdish administration was brief and did not last beyond 1929. Kurds subsequently faced many repressive measures, including deportations. As a result of the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh, many Kurdish areas have been destroyed and more than 150,000 Kurds have been deported since 1988.

title: History of the Kurds

text: and Khanaqin. The peace agreement did not last long, and in 1974, the Iraqi government began a new offensive against the Kurds. Moreover, in March 1975, Iraq and Iran signed the Algiers Accord, according to which Iran cut supplies to Iraqi Kurds. Iraq started another wave of Arabization by moving Arabs to the oil fields in Kurdistan, particularly those around Kirkuk. Between 1975 and 1978, two-hundred thousand Kurds were deported to other parts of Iraq. During the Iran–Iraq War in the 1980s, the regime implemented anti-Kurdish policies and a "de facto" civil war broke out. Iraq was widely condemned by

text: Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come from? Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From? is a book by American biblical scholar and archaeologist William G. Dever. Dever has been prominent in the debate between biblical "maximalists" and "minimalists" over the historicity of the Bible (specifically the Old Testament). This book, which coincided with Dever's retirement from the University of Arizona, where he served as professor of Near Eastern Archaeology and Anthropology for many years, was written on a semi-popular level to explain the background and origin of the people Dever describes as

title: Kurds

text: law. As a consequence, these Kurds are in effect trapped within Syria. In March 2011, in part to avoid further demonstrations and unrest from spreading across Syria, the Syrian government promised to tackle the issue and grant Syrian citizenship to approximately 300,000 Kurds who had been previously denied the right. On 12 March 2004, beginning at a stadium in Qamishli (a largely Kurdish city in northeastern Syria), clashes between Kurds and Syrians broke out and continued over a number of days. At least thirty people were killed and more than 160 injured. The unrest spread to other Kurdish towns along

title: Kurds

text: population. They are the majority in at least three provinces in northern Iraq which are together known as Iraqi Kurdistan. Kurds also have a presence in Kirkuk, Mosul, Khanaqin, and Baghdad. Around 300,000 Kurds live in the Iraqi capital Baghdad, 50,000 in the city of Mosul and around 100,000 elsewhere in southern Iraq. Kurds led by Mustafa Barzani were engaged in heavy fighting against successive Iraqi regimes from 1960 to 1975. In March 1970, Iraq announced a peace plan providing for Kurdish autonomy. The plan was to be implemented in four years. However, at the same time, the Iraqi regime

title: Kurds

text: 1920s and 1930s, several large scale Kurdish revolts took place in Kurdistan. Following these rebellions, the area of Turkish Kurdistan was put under martial law and a large number of the Kurds were displaced. The Turkish government also encouraged resettlement of Albanians from Kosovo and Assyrians in the region to change the make-up of the population. These events and measures led to a long-lasting mutual distrust between Ankara and the Kurds . During the relatively open government of the 1950s, Kurds gained political office and started working within the framework of the Turkish Republic to further their interests, but this

title: Kurds

text: Through these measures, the Young Turk leaders aimed at weakening the political influence of the Kurds by deporting them from their ancestral lands and by dispersing them in small pockets of exiled communities. By the end of World War I, up to 700,000 Kurds had been forcibly deported and almost half of the displaced perished. Some of the Kurdish groups sought self-determination and the confirmation of Kurdish autonomy in the Treaty of Sèvres, but in the aftermath of World War I, Kemal Atatürk prevented such a result. Kurds backed by the United Kingdom declared independence in 1927 and established the

title: Kurds

text: ancestors of the Kurds, while others prefer Cyrtians. The term "Kurd," however, is first encountered in Arabic sources of the seventh century. Books from the early Islamic era, including those containing legends such as the Shahnameh and the Middle Persian Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan, and other early Islamic sources provide early attestation of the name "Kurd". The Kurds have ethnically diverse origins. During the Sassanid era, in "Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan", a short prose work written in Middle Persian, Ardashir I is depicted as having battled the Kurds and their leader, Madig. After initially sustaining a heavy defeat,

title: Kurds in Jordan

text: in Salt. Kurds fled to Jordan as a result of the Kurdish massacres in Turkey in the 1920s and 1930s, more Kurds arrived to Jordan from Palestine during the Nakba and the 1967 Palestinian exodus and later Kurdish refugees arrived to Jordan from Iraq after the Gulf War. There are also many Iranian Kurds in Jordan as refugees as a result of the Islamic revolution of Iran. The former Jordanian Prime Minister Saad Jumaa was of Kurdish origin. Kurds in Jordan Kurds in Jordan refers to people born in or residing in Jordan who are of Kurdish origin. The Kurdish

title: Kurds in Armenia

text: in their native tongue but many Kurds, from 1939 to 1959 were listed as the Azeri population or even as Armenians. The historically suspicious treatment from Armenia toward local Kurds, especially Muslim Kurds, is best explained as a reaction to the fact that some Kurdish tribes in (what was then) Western Armenia participated along with the Turks of the Ottoman Empire during the deportation and genocide of the Armenian populations during the first world war. In the Democratic Republic of Armenia of 1918–1920 the Kurds received political rights: a Kurdish representative elected to the Armenian parliament, some Kurds became officers

title: Kurds in Russia

text: and exterminated by the Turks and Persians, a situation that led Kurds to move to Russian Transcaucasia. From 1804–1813 and again in 1826–1828, when the Russian Empire and the Persian Empire were at war, the Russian authorities let Kurds settle in Russia and Armenia. During the Crimean War and the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), Kurds moved to Russia and Armenia. According to the Russian Census of 1897, 99,900 Kurds lived in the Russian Empire. Abdullah Öcalan sought asylum in Russia in 1998. Kurds in Russia Kurds in Russia form a historically significant part of the Kurdish diaspora, with close ties to

title: Kurds in Iran

text: Sunni Muslims. Shia Feyli Kurds inhabit Kermanshah Province, except for those parts where people are Jaff, and Ilam Province; as well as some parts of Kurdistan and Hamadan provinces. The Kurds of Khorasan, in the North Khorasan Province of northeastern Iran, are Shi'ite Muslims. During the Shia revolution in Iran the major Kurdish political parties were unsuccessful in absorbing Kurds, who at that period had no interest in autonomy. However, since the 1990s Kurdish nationalism has seeped into the Kurdish area partly due to outrage against government's violent suppression of Kurdish independence calls farther north. Kurdish separatism in Iran or

title: Kurds in Palestine

text: Kurds in Palestine Palestinian Kurds, (, : "Akrad Filisteen"), are Palestinians who are of Kurdish ancestry. The origins of majority of Palestinian Kurds is traced to the era of conquests of Kurdish Ayyubid dynasty during the crusades. The Ayyubid rulers settled many Kurdish tribes in Palestine in order to secure the borders of their empire. Among the major Kurdish settlements in Palestine are city of Hebron (al-Khalil), Jerusalem (al-Quds) and Shechem (Nablus). It is estimated that as much as one third of inhabitants of Hebron are of Kurdish origin where they have had their own quarters, named after them such

title: Where Did Our Love Go

text: in Vietnam, and foreseeing the end of the early optimism of the 1960s. Where Did Our Love Go "Where Did Our Love Go" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, "Where Did Our Love Go" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the "Billboard" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs

title: Where Did Our Love Go

text: Where Did Our Love Go "Where Did Our Love Go" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, "Where Did Our Love Go" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the "Billboard" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs in a row to reach number one (the others being "Baby Love", "Come

title: Kurds in the Netherlands

text: the Turkish Kurds and Iraqi Kurds make up the largest group of Kurds in the Netherlands, exceeding the numbers of Iranian Kurds and Syrian Kurds. In the Netherlands, Kurdish immigrant workers from Turkey first arrived in the second half of the 1960s. Thousands of Kurdish refugees and political refugees fled from Turkey during the 1970s and onward, from Iraq and Iran during the 1980s and 1990s, and from Syria especially during the Syrian Civil War. On 6 October 2014, the Kurds in the Netherlands "stormed the national parliament building in The Hague on Monday night in a protest against ISIS"

title: Kurds in Turkey

text: the Constitution is against the Kurds and the apartheid constitution is very similar to it." In 1998 Leyla Zana received a jail sentence. This prompted one member of the U.S. House of Representative, Elizabeth Furse, to accuse Turkey of being a racist state and continuing to deny the Kurds a voice in the state". Abbas Manafy from New Mexico Highlands University claims "The Kurdish deprivation of their own culture, language, and tradition is incompatible with democratic norms. It reflects an apartheid system that victimizes minorities like Armenians, Kurds, and Alevis." Kurds in Turkey Kurds in Turkey refers to people born

title: Kurds in Georgia

text: first Kurds came to Georgia during the reign of George III in the 12th century. Kurdish tribes appeared in Georgia in the 16th century in the city of Mtskheta. During the 18th century, Kurds arrived in Tbilisi to get assistance from King Erekle II of the Kingdom of Kakheti during the Kurdish liberation in Turkey. When Russia and Iran signed the Treaty of Turkmenchay in 1828, Kurds got the opportunity to work in Georgia. Most Kurds left Van and Kars for Georgia in 1918 after Turkey oppressed them politically and religiously. The Kurds of Georgia also became victims of Stalin’s

title: Kurds in Armenia

text: Kurds in Armenia The Kurds in Armenia mainly live in the western parts of Armenia. The Kurds of the former Soviet Union first began writing Kurdish in the Armenian alphabet in the 1920s, followed by Latin in 1927, then Cyrillic in 1945, and now in both Cyrillic and Latin. The Kurds in Armenia established a Kurdish radio broadcast from Yerevan and the first Kurdish newspaper Rya Taza. There is a Kurdish Department in the Yerevan State Institute of Oriental studies. The Kurds of Armenia were the first exiled country to have access to media such as radio, education and press

title: Kurds in Istanbul

text: to be Kurdish; according to one poll, among this group 90% opposed the idea of Kurdish independence from Turkey, while according to another poll, only 9% of supported the HEP party. On June 29, 2013, 10,000 protesters gathered at Taksim Square in solidarity with Kurds. About 1,000 Kurdish activists from Istanbul went to Kobani after Abdullah Ocalan's call of mobilization (September 2014). Kurds in Istanbul The total number of Kurds in Istanbul is estimated variously from 2 to 4 million people. In 1995, the Kurdish Human Rights Watch estimated that the Kurds in Istanbul numbered ca. 2 million. In 1996,

title: Kurds in Turkey

text: rights for Kurds in Turkey as well as armed rebellion and guerrilla warfare, including military attacks aimed mainly at Turkish military bases, demanding first a separate Kurdish state and later self-determination for the Kurds. According to a state-sponsored Turkish opinion poll, 59% of self-identified Kurds in Turkey think that Kurds in Turkey do not seek a separate state (while 71.3% of self-identified Turks think they do). During the Kurdish–Turkish conflict, food embargoes were placed on Kurdish villages and towns. There were many instances of Kurds being forcibly expelled from their villages by Turkish security forces. Many villages were reportedly set

title: Kurds in Japan

text: the Kurds after a Kurdish party flag was shown at the embassy. Kurds in Japan Kurds in Japan (Japanese: 在日クルド人 "Zainichi Kurudo-jin", Kurdish: "Kurdên Japonyayê") refers to Kurds residing in Japan. Most Kurds in Japan are from shepherding villages in Southeast Turkey and reside in the Warabi and Kawaguchi areas of Saitama Prefecture, north of Tokyo. Warabi, especially, has been nicknamed "Warabistan" by those who are interested in Kurdish people, culture, and issues. Some Kurdish people arrived in Japan in order to request refugee status citing human rights abuses in Turkey and Iraq, but so far none have been successful

title: Kurds in Turkey

text: from the Hakkari region. In 2011, Kanal D, Turkey's largest television station, began filming "Ayrılık Olmasaydı: ben-u sen" in majority-Kurdish Diyarbakir. The show, written by a Kurdish screenwriter, professed to be the first in the popular genre to portray the Kurds in a positive light. The show was set to debut in early 2012, but suffered numerous delays, some say because of the controversial subject. Most Kurds live in Turkey, where their numbers are estimated at 14,000,000 people by the CIA world factbook (18% of population). A report commissioned by the National Security Council (Turkey) in 2000 puts the number

title: Where Did They Go (album)

text: Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It was arranged and conducted by Don Sebesky and Al Capps. The recording sessions for this album took place at the Capitol Tower in Hollywood, California. "Where Did They Go" was Peggy Lee's first album not to make the "Billboard" 200 chart since her Grammy-winning hit "Is That All There Is?" in 1969. Burt Bacharach and Hal David wrote the song "My Rock And Foundation" specifically for Lee. Capitol Records released "Where Did They Go" (backed by "All I Want") as a 45" single

title: Kurds in Kazakhstan

text: Kurds in Kazakhstan Kurds in Kazakhstan refers to the people born in or residing in Kazakhstan who are of Kurdish origin. According to the most recent Kazakh census in 2011, the Kurdish population is 38,325 or 0.2% of the population, but Vice President of the Kurdish Association of Kazakhstan, Malikshah Gasanov numbers the population up to 46,000, because many Kurds list themselves as Turks and Azeris. During Soviet rule, most of the Kurdish population in Kazakhstan were deported by Joseph Stalin from Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. Years later, Kurds immigrated to Kazakhstan from the neighbouring countries, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. In

title: Feyli Kurds

text: Feyli Kurds under a common tent, uniting them and organizing their activities, together with other Iraqi communities". He ended his speech by saying "we shall support the rights of the Feyli Kurds, beginning with the restoration of their official documents and their presence in their homeland and ending with the paying back the funds that were confiscated from them (during the former regime)". The Iraqi Prime Minister also recognized "that over 22,000 Feyli Kurds had been deported from Iraq by the former regime, calling for the restoration of their rights". An estimated 120,000 persons are believed to be stateless in

title: Where Did Your Heart Go?

text: "Where Did Your Heart Go?" was also included on "The Final" and "Music from the Edge of Heaven" albums. George Michael's arrangement of "Where Did Your Heart Go?" is relatively faithful to the original Was (Not Was) version making only subtle changes to the song's instrumentation and structure. Michael alters the song by dropping the opening chorus in favour of an instrumental introduction of the chorus melody. The subdued ending is protracted in the Wham! recording, where the Was (Not Was) original quickly fades out after the completion of the final chorus; Michael's arrangement continues for an additional half a

title: Where Did the Night Fall

text: the original photo shoot with Warren Du Preez and Nick Thornton Jones. Adapted from AllMusic. Where Did the Night Fall Where Did the Night Fall is the fourth regular studio album from British electronic music act Unkle, released on . As a documentation of the work on the album, on 13 April 2009, James Lavelle, Unkle's mastermind, started an official "UNKLE Blog". According to the first post, Lavelle started to work in studio in January 2009 with Pablo Clements, James Griffith, Joel Cadbury, Gavin Clark, Matt Pierce and Mike Lowry. On a single, "Heavy Drug (Surrender Sounds Mix)", was made

title: Kurds in Georgia

text: Kurds in Georgia Georgian Kurds are members of the eponymous ethnic group that are citizens of Georgia. In the 20th century, most Kurds fled religious persecution in the Ottoman Empire to the Russian Empire. In Georgia, Kurds enjoy a higher standard of living than the Kurds in Turkey and the Kurds in Iran and they face no discrimination in Georgia, but the return of their Kurdish surnames needs effort according to a Kurdish activist in Georgia. The Kurds also have their own schools, school books and a printing press in Georgia. Illiteracy among them disappeared in the early 1900s. The

title: Where Did the Night Fall

text: UNKLE revealed that "Where Did the Night Fall" would be re-released as "Where Did the Night Fall – Another Night Out". The first disc will contain the same songs that are on the original album but the second disc contains material from two of UNKLE's previous EPs, plus a number of exclusive and rare tracks. It was released on 11 April 2011. The standard edition comes packaged as a double jewel case with a 16-page booklet. The limited edition comes in a gold outer slipcase featuring a fully re-worked 16-page board book and 32-page booklet with new exclusive shots from

title: History of the Kurds

text: poverty of the southeast, and the Turkish state's military operations. Human Rights Watch has documented many instances where the Turkish military forcibly destroyed houses and villages. An estimated 3,000 Kurdish villages in Turkey were virtually wiped off the map, representing the displacement of more than 378,000 people. Nelson Mandela refused to accept the "Atatürk Peace Award" in 1992 because of the oppression of the Kurds. Kurds make up around 17% of Iraq's population. They are the majority in at least three provinces in Northern Iraq which are known as Iraqi Kurdistan. Kurds have also had a presiding majority in Kirkuk,

title: History of the Kurds

text: among Europeans, although rare elsewhere in the Near East. The sample of Kurds in this study came from northwest Iran and northeast Iraq, where Kurds usually predominate. A geographically broad study of the Southwest and Central Asian Corridor found that populations located west of the Indus Valley mainly harbor mtDNAs of Western Eurasian origin. When Ivan Nasidze and his colleagues examined both mitochondrial and Y chromosome DNA, they found Kurdish groups most similar genetically to other West Asian groups, and most distant from Central Asian groups, for both mtDNA and the Y chromosome. However, Kurdish groups show a closer relationship

title: Where Did Your Heart Go?

text: Where Did Your Heart Go? "Where Did Your Heart Go?" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with "Wheel Me Out" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album "Was (Not Was)" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the track "It's an Attack!" as the B-side. A live recording of "Where Did Your Heart Go?"

title: Kurds

text: Republic of Ararat. Turkey suppressed Kurdist revolts in 1925, 1930, and 1937–1938, while Iran in the 1920s suppressed Simko Shikak at Lake Urmia and Jaafar Sultan of the Hewraman region, who controlled the region between Marivan and north of Halabja. A short-lived Soviet-sponsored Kurdish Republic of Mahabad in Iran did not long outlast World War II. From 1922–1924 in Iraq a Kingdom of Kurdistan existed. When Ba'athist administrators thwarted Kurdish nationalist ambitions in Iraq, war broke out in the 1960s. In 1970 the Kurds rejected limited territorial self-rule within Iraq, demanding larger areas including the oil-rich Kirkuk region. During the

title: Kurds in Syria

text: crossed into Syrian borders illegally. The government claims that these Kurds settled down, gradually, in the region in cities like Amuda and Qamishli until they accounted for the majority in some of these cities. The government also claims that many Kurds were capable of registering themselves illegally in the Syrian civil registers. The government further speculated that Kurds intended to settle down and acquire property, especially after the issue of the agricultural reform law, in order to benefit from land redistribution. However, according to Human Rights Watch, the Syrian government falsely claimed that many of the Kurds who were the

title: Kurds in Pakistan

text: Kurds in Pakistan Kurds in Pakistan (, ) comprise people residing in Pakistan who are of Kurdish origin. They are a small population consisting mainly of expatriates and transient migrants, most of whom arrived following the start of the Gulf War in Iraq in 1990. As many as 4,000 Kurds, originating from Iraqi Kurdistan, migrated to Pakistan in the early 1990s when the Gulf War broke out in Iraq. A large number of them were based in Islamabad. As of 2013, up to 240 Iraqi Kurds were still living in the country. The majority of them were secondary migrants and

title: Kurds in Iraq

text: domain as early as 800 BCE. Arab conquests, however, began in the seventh century AD, eventually overpowering Kurdish resistance. Over time, Sunni Islam became the dominant religion of the Kurdish people, following the Shafi school. There is a minority Shia population, 99% of the Fayli Kurds and 99% of shabak kurds Muslim is shia, who live in central and south eastern Iraq. Though Islam is thought to be a religion of governance as well as spirituality, Kurds made sure to keep spiritual identity separate from national identity. Today, many Muslim Kurds do not consider themselves particularly religious when it comes

title: Kurds of Khorasan

text: Kurds of Khorasan The Kurds of Khorasan or Khorassani Kurds (, ) are Kurds native to northeastern Iran, across the Iran-Turkmenistan border. They inhabit some parts of North Khorasan province, Razavi Khorasan province, and Golestan province. They speak a Kurmanji dialect of Kurdish and are mostly adherents of Shia Islam. The Kurdish people of Khorasan are based on the Kurdish people who were transferred to these areas during the reign of Shah Abbas I to protect the eastern borders of Iran from Uzbek attacks, and according to another version they were resettled to Khorasan in order to undermine the rebellion

title: Kurds in Armenia

text: of Armenian army and organized Kurdish volunteer units. During the Soviet period a large number of Kurdish literature was published in Armenia, national schools and radio were opened. According to the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, the Soviet Armenia was the main center of Kurdish literature. In 1925 more than fifty schools were opened for the Kurds of Armenia. During the period of stalinism in 1937, the Kurds in Armenia became victims of forced migration, thousands of Kurds were forcibly deported from Armenia. According to the director of the Center of Kurdish research, the situation with Kurds in Armenia today is normal

title: Kurds in Turkey

text: Kurds in Turkey Kurds in Turkey refers to people born in or residing in Turkey who are of Kurdish origin. The Kurds are the largest ethnic minority in Turkey. According to various estimates, they compose between 15% and 20% of the population of Turkey. There are Kurds living in various provinces of Turkey, but they are primarily concentrated in the east and southeast of the country, within the region viewed by Kurds as Northern Kurdistan. Massacres, such as the Dersim ethnocide and the Zilan massacre, have periodically occurred against the Kurds since the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in

title: Kurds in Turkmenistan

text: Turkmenistan the Kurds had their own newspapers and schools, but since the independence of Turkmenistan, the Turkmen President Saparmurat Niyazov had closed almost all non-Turkmen schools. The majority of the Turkmen Kurds are followers of Sunni Islam, with a small minority of Shia Islam followers. Despite that the History of current Kurds in Turkmenistan started in 17th Century. The relations and first Contacts between Kurds and Turkmens started with the arrival of the Seljuks in the Middle East. Kurds in Turkmenistan Kurds in Turkmenistan refers to people born in or residing in Turkmenistan who are of Kurdish origin. In the

title: Kurds in Lebanon

text: Movement. As of 2012, around 40% of all Kurds in Lebanon do not have Lebanese citizenship. Kurds in Lebanon Kurds in Lebanon refers to people born in or residing in Lebanon who are of Kurdish origin. Estimates on the number of Kurds in Lebanon prior to 1985 were around 60,000. Today, there are tens of thousands of Kurds in Lebanon, mainly in Beirut. Most Kurds in Lebanon have come in recent decades, but the Kurdish community of Lebanon dates back to the 12th century, when Lebanon was ruled by the Kurdish Ayyubid dynasty. The Ottomans also sent loyal Kurdish families

title: Kurds in Japan

text: Kurds in Japan Kurds in Japan (Japanese: 在日クルド人 "Zainichi Kurudo-jin", Kurdish: "Kurdên Japonyayê") refers to Kurds residing in Japan. Most Kurds in Japan are from shepherding villages in Southeast Turkey and reside in the Warabi and Kawaguchi areas of Saitama Prefecture, north of Tokyo. Warabi, especially, has been nicknamed "Warabistan" by those who are interested in Kurdish people, culture, and issues. Some Kurdish people arrived in Japan in order to request refugee status citing human rights abuses in Turkey and Iraq, but so far none have been successful in their application due to Japan's asylum system which is rigid, restrictive

title: Where Did the Night Fall

text: Where Did the Night Fall Where Did the Night Fall is the fourth regular studio album from British electronic music act Unkle, released on . As a documentation of the work on the album, on 13 April 2009, James Lavelle, Unkle's mastermind, started an official "UNKLE Blog". According to the first post, Lavelle started to work in studio in January 2009 with Pablo Clements, James Griffith, Joel Cadbury, Gavin Clark, Matt Pierce and Mike Lowry. On a single, "Heavy Drug (Surrender Sounds Mix)", was made available digitally via Beatport and iTunes. On the download was followed by a remix EP

title: Where Did the Feeling Go?

text: her 1992 album "Entre a Mi Mundo". Where Did the Feeling Go? "Where Did the Feeling Go?" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film "Selena" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on

title: Where Did the Feeling Go?

text: Where Did the Feeling Go? "Where Did the Feeling Go?" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film "Selena" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on the "20 Years of Music" version of

title: Kurds

text: experience by the hand of the village elder. In 1948 and 1959, two documentaries were made concerning the Yezidi Kurds in Armenia. These were joint Armenian-Kurdish productions; with H. Koçaryan and Heciye Cindi teaming up for "The Kurds of Soviet Armenia", and Ereb Samilov and C. Jamharyan for "Kurds of Armenia". The first critically acclaimed and famous Kurdish films were produced by Yılmaz Güney. Initially a popular, award-winning actor in Turkey with the nickname "Çirkin Kral" ("the Ugly King", after his rough looks), he spent the later part of his career producing socio-critical and politically loaded films. Sürü (1979), Yol

title: Kurds

text: Western source estimates that up to 25% of the Turkish population is Kurdish (approximately 18-19 million people). Kurdish sources claim there are as many as 20 or 25 million Kurds in Turkey. In 1980, Ethnologue estimated the number of Kurdish-speakers in Turkey at around five million, when the country's population stood at 44 million. Kurds form the largest minority group in Turkey, and they have posed the most serious and persistent challenge to the official image of a homogeneous society. This classification was changed to the new euphemism of "Eastern Turk" in 1980. Nowadays the Kurds, in Turkey, are still

title: Kurds

text: this war and executed many of the Kurds. Eventually Arabs conquered the Kurdish regions and gradually converted the majority of Kurds to Islam, often incorporating them into the military, such as the Hamdanids whose dynastic family members also frequently intermarried with Kurds. In 934 the Daylamite Buyid dynasty was founded, and subsequently conquered most of present-day Iran and Iraq. During the time of rule of this dynasty, Kurdish chief and ruler, Badr ibn Hasanwaih, established himself as one of the most important emirs of the time. In the 10th-12th centuries, a number of Kurdish principalities and dynasties were founded, ruling

title: Where Did Our Love Go (album)

text: Where Did Our Love Go (album) Where Did Our Love Go is the second studio album by Motown singing group The Supremes, released in 1964. The album includes several of the group's singles and B-sides from 1963 and 1964. Included are the group's first Billboard Pop Singles number-one hits, "Where Did Our Love Go", "Baby Love", and "Come See About Me", as well as their first Top 40 hit, "When the Lovelight Starts Shining Through His Eyes", and the singles "A Breathtaking Guy" and "Run, Run, Run". With the release of this album, The Supremes became the first act in

title: Kurds in the Netherlands

text: Kurds in the Netherlands Kurds in the Netherlands may refer to people born in or residing in the Netherlands of Kurdish origin. There are different accounts for the actual Kurdish population within the Netherlands. "The number of Kurds in the Netherlands is not clear, as the Kurds hold different nationalities (Turkish, Iranian, Iraqi and Syrian) and are categorized on the basis of their nationalities in governmental statistics; the figures run from 15,000 up to almost 100,000." Other sources claim that the number of ethnic Kurds in the Netherlands is around 70,000 people. The Kurdish community in the Netherlands among which

title: History of the Kurds

text: of the Kurds. The results reveal a variety of connections amongst the Kurds, when assessing paternal and maternal lineages. Overall the Kurds share genetic ties to other speakers of Iranian languages as well as with various peoples from the Caucasus such as the Armenians which suggests that the Kurds have ancient ethnic ties that connect them to both the early inhabitants of the Kurdistan area, such as the Hurrians. A study by Richards and colleagues of mitochondrial DNA in the Near East found that Kurds, Azeris, Ossetians and Armenians show a high incidence of mtDNA U5 lineages, which are common

title: Kurds

text: originally from an Assyrian village called Hazza, but were driven out and subsequently settled in Tamanon, a village in "the land of the Kurds", identified as being in the region of Mount Judi. Early Syriac sources use the terms "Hurdanaye, Kurdanaye, Kurdaye" to refer to the Kurds. According to Michael the Syrian, Hurdanaye separated from Tayaye Arabs and sought refuge with the Byzantine Emperor Theophilus. He also mentions the Persian troops who fought against Musa chief of Hurdanaye in the region of Qardu in 841. According to Barhebreaus, a king appeared to the Kurdanaye and they rebelled against the Arabs

title: Kurds

text: I (r. 1501-1524) put down a Yezidi rebellion which went on from 1506-1510. A century later, the year-long Battle of Dimdim took place, wherein the Safavid king Abbas I (r. 1588-1629) succeeded in putting down the rebellion led by the Kurdish ruler Amir Khan Lepzerin. Thereafter, a large number of Kurds were deported to Khorasan, not only to weaken the Kurds, but also to protect the eastern border from invading Afghan and Turkmen tribes. Other forced movements and deportations of other groups were also implemented by Abbas I and his successors, most notably of the Armenians, the Georgians, and the

title: Kurds in Azerbaijan

text: in large numbers in the uyezds of Zangezur, Javanshir and Jabrayil. In 1886, they constituted 4.68% of the population of the Elisabethpol Governorate. Small populations of Kurds were also found in the uyezds of Nakhchivan, Sharur-Daralagoz and Aresh. Mass migration of Kurds from Persia and to a lesser degree from the Ottoman Empire into mountainous regions of present-day Azerbaijan continued all throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth century, until 1920 when Azerbaijan became part of the Soviet Union. The Kurdish population of the South Caucasus was prone to internal immigration. In the 1920s, a number of Kurds from Azerbaijan relocated

title: Kurds in Turkey

text: since about 16th century. They number between 50,000 to 100,000 people. The core of the Kurds of Central Anatolia is formed by "Tuz Gölü Kürtleri" (Kurds of Lake Tuz) who live in Ankara, Konya and Aksaray provinces. Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) mentioned them as "Konya çöllerindeki Kürtler" (Kurds in the Konya deserts) in the interview with Ahmet Emin (Yalman) dated January 16/17, 1923. According to Hermann Wenzel, the original breeders of the Angora goat were the Kurds of Inner Anatolia. The largest tribes of the Kurds of Central Anatolia are the Bazaini or Shaikh Bazaini, Judikan, Saifkan, Chelebi, Janbeki, Jehanbegli, Khallikan,

title: Kurds in Syria

text: and 800. Sperl's estimation also contradicts the estimates of the French geographers Fevret and Gibert, who estimated that in 1953 out of the total 146,000 inhabitants of Jazira, agriculturalist Kurds made up 60,000 (41%), nomad Arabs 50,000 (34%), and a quarter of the population were Christians. New waves of refugees arrived in 1929. Even though Kurds have a long history in Syria, the government has used the fact that many Kurds fled to Syria during the 1920s to claim that Kurds are not indigenous to the country and to justify the government’s discriminatory policies against them. Kurds mostly live in

title: Kurds in Iran

text: Kurds in Iran Kurds in Iran refers to people born in or residing in Iran who are of Kurdish origin. The Kurds are the third largest ethnic group in Iran after the ethnic Persians and Iranian Azerbaijanis, comprising more than 10% of the country's population according to the CIA. Iranian Kurdistan or Eastern Kurdistan (Kurdish: ""), is an unofficial name for the parts of northwestern Iran inhabited by Kurds which borders Iraq and Turkey. It includes the Kurdistan Province, Kermanshah Province, West Azerbaijan Province, Ilam Province and Hamadan Province. Kurds generally consider Iranian Kurdistan to be one of the four

title: Kurds in Palestine

text: their own quarters, named after them such as Harat al-Akrad (quarter of the Kurds). There are also many Kurdish clans who came to Palestine at post-Ayyubid periods, especially during Ottomans. There are dozens of Kurdish-origin clans and families still could be identified due to preservation of their family and clan names. Among the well-known ones are: Kurdish language was spoken by some Kurds in Ottoman Palestine as late as 1850s. Today, almost all Palestinian Kurds speak only Arabic due to isolation inside an Arabic-speaking geographical area. Kurds in Palestine Palestinian Kurds, (, : "Akrad Filisteen"), are Palestinians who are of

title: Kurds in Iraq

text: Turkish Kurds have migrated outside of their historic homeland in the southeast of Turkey, westward for more prosperous lives. Turkish Kurds have also come to an agreement with the Turkish government. Since the capture of their leader Abdullah Ocalan in 1999, Kurds have limited their activism to fighting for cultural, social and educational rights within the state of Turkey. Due to Turkey's pending EU application, Turkey has been moving to grant these rights. With this improved relationship, Turkish Kurds have accepted their place within the Turkish state. This is just one instance of how Kurds are focusing on improving their

title: Kurds in Iraq

text: Kurds were still able to maintain a democratic and prosperous foundation for their region. When the US invaded to oust the Hussein regime in 2003, the northern Kurdish border with Iraqi central state was moved considerably southward. This gave Kurds more access to water and oil resources, therefore increasing priorities within the region to establish steady relations with the Kurds. This new access also encouraged more investment within the region, softening political tensions and polarization. Before the spread of Islam, many Kurds were followers of Zoroastrianism, Mithraism, or local pagan beliefs. Kurds were assimilating these religious practices into their cultural

title: Kurds in Iraq

text: Kurds in Iraq Kurds in Iraq () are people born in or residing in Iraq who are of Kurdish origin. The Kurds are the largest ethnic minority in Iraq, comprising between 15% and 20% of the country's population according to the CIA World Factbook. The Kurdish people within Iraq have grappled with various political statuses over their history. Once assumed to receive full independence via the Treaty of Sèvres, Iraqi Kurds have experienced a recent and troubled history of betrayal, oppression, and genocide. After the fall of Saddam Hussein's regime in 2003, Iraqi Kurds, now governed by the Kurdistan Regional

title: Kurds in Georgia

text: purges in 1944. Between 1979 and 1989, the Kurdish population in Georgia increased 30%. When Georgia became independent, the Kurdish population in Georgia decreased. David Comas and colleagues found that mitochondrial sequence pools in Georgians and Kurds are similar, despite their different linguistic and prehistoric backgrounds. Both populations present mtDNA lineages that clearly belong to the Western Eurasian gene pool. Kurds in Georgia Georgian Kurds are members of the eponymous ethnic group that are citizens of Georgia. In the 20th century, most Kurds fled religious persecution in the Ottoman Empire to the Russian Empire. In Georgia, Kurds enjoy a higher

title: Kurds of Khorasan

text: of the Kurdish Khans in Kermanshah and to employ them, some consider these revolts as Ottoman sponsored since many Sunni Kurds were loyal to the Ottoman Empire during the Shia-Sunni fraud at that time. In the face of the devastating attacks of Uzbeks and Turkmens, they migrated to the greater Khorasan region. Kurds of Khorasan The Kurds of Khorasan or Khorassani Kurds (, ) are Kurds native to northeastern Iran, across the Iran-Turkmenistan border. They inhabit some parts of North Khorasan province, Razavi Khorasan province, and Golestan province. They speak a Kurmanji dialect of Kurdish and are mostly adherents of

title: Haiti: Where Did the Money Go

text: Haiti: Where Did the Money Go Haiti: Where Did the Money Go? is a 2012 Film at Eleven Media production that was produced, written and directed by Michele Mitchell. Shot in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the documentary looks at what really happens with the money donated to help with disaster aid. "Haiti: Where Did The Money Go?" aired on PBS and won the 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary. "Haiti: Where Did the Money Go" seeks to discover where the funds raised for the relief effort after the 2010 earthquake in Haiti really went. Taking

title: Kurds

text: condemned the repression of Iraqi Kurdish civilians and demanded that Iraq end its repressive measures and allow immediate access to international humanitarian organizations. This was the first international document (since the League of Nations arbitration of Mosul in 1926) to mention Kurds by name. In mid-April, the Coalition established "safe havens" inside Iraqi borders and prohibited Iraqi planes from flying north of 36th parallel. In October 1991, Kurdish guerrillas captured Erbil and Sulaimaniyah after a series of clashes with Iraqi troops. In late October, Iraqi government retaliated by imposing a food and fuel embargo on the Kurds and stopping to

title: Kurds

text: liberal political Karim Sanjabi has served as minister of education under Mohammad Mossadegh in 1952. During the reign of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi some members of parliament and high army officers were Kurds, and there was even a Kurdish Cabinet Minister. During the reign of the Pahlavis Kurds received many favours from the authorities, for instance to keep their land after the land reforms of 1962. In the early 2000s, presence of thirty Kurdish deputies in the 290-strong parliament has also helped to undermine claims of discrimination. Some of the more influential Kurdish politicians during recent years include former first vice