query: which countries does russia border?

title: Norway–Russia border

text: Vladimir Putin. Because Kirkenes is a better suited port than Murmansk, local authorities in Murmansk do not want to lose transshipment business to Norway. However, with the increased realism of a line to Rovaniemi, which would serve as an alternative route to Kirkenes from Russia, Russian authorities have since 2010 again supported a railway line between Kirkenes and Russia. Norway–Russia border The border between Norway and Russia (, , "Rossiysko-Norvezhskaya Granytsa") consists of a land border between Sør-Varanger, Norway, and Pechengsky District, Russia, and a marine border in the Varangerfjord. It further consists of a border between the two countries'

title: Mongolia–Russia border

text: any passport holders (-TcagaanNur, Kyakhta-Aganbulag, - Erentsav). Another five highway border crossing points are designated as "bilateral", meaning that they are only open to the citizens of the two bordering countries, and not to third-country nationals. Unfortunately, the border crossing point near famous Khövsgöl lake (-Khankh) is bilateral. According to an article published in 2005, the main problems at the Russian-Mongolian border, specifically in its Republic of Tuva section, were cross-border livestock theft (in both directions) and smuggling of meat. Mongolia borders four federal subjects of Russia: There are currently 8 provinces of Mongolia which border Russia: Mongolia–Russia border The

title: Belarus–Russia border

text: treated as international by Russia and full border check is done on third-countries nationals by Russia, but no formal border check aside from a simple identity check is applied on Russian and Belorussian citizens. Belarus–Russia border The Russian-Belarusian border is the state border between Russia and Belarus. Prior to 1991, it was the border between the RSFSR and the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. The border formally exists, but is not subject to customs checks or duty due to the Union State treaty and the Eurasian Union. The length of the border is 1239 kilometers, including 857.7 km of land, 362.3

title: Norway–Russia border

text: Norway–Russia border The border between Norway and Russia (, , "Rossiysko-Norvezhskaya Granytsa") consists of a land border between Sør-Varanger, Norway, and Pechengsky District, Russia, and a marine border in the Varangerfjord. It further consists of a border between the two countries' exclusive economic zones (EEZ) in the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean. Between 1944 and 1991 the border was between Norway and the Soviet Union. There is a single border crossing, on E105, located at Storskog in Norway and Borisoglebsky (Boris Gleb) in Russia. The Norwegian side is patrolled by the Garrison of Sør-Varanger and is under the jurisdiction

title: Kazakhstan–Russia border

text: Kazakhstan–Russia border The Kazakhstan–Russia border () is the international border between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. It is the longest continuous international border in the world, and the second longest by total length (after the Canada–United States border). It is in the same location as formerly the administrative-territorial border between the Kazakh SSR and RSFSR. The border assumed its modern shape in 1930, and became an international border upon the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. The border between Kazakhstan and Russia does not form a border between the territories populated by Kazakhs and Russians. Kazakhs, Russians

title: North Korea–Russia border

text: North Korea–Russia border The border between Russia and North Korea, according to the official Russian definition, consists of of "terrestrial border" and 22.1 km (12 nautical miles) of "maritime border". It is the shortest of the international borders of Russia. The terrestrial boundary between Russia and North Korea runs along the fairway (thalweg) of the Tumen River and its estuary, while the maritime boundary separates the two countries' territorial waters in the Sea of Japan. The principal border treaty was signed on April 17, 1985. A separate, trilateral treaty specifies the position of the China–North Korea–Russia tripoint. The North Korea–Russia

title: Norway–Russia border

text: of traffic. The crossing is open between 07:00 and 21:00 Norwegian time. Immigration control at Storskog is carried out by Eastern Finnmark Police District, while customs are carried out by the Norwegian Customs and Excise Authorities. The Norwegian Border Commissioner also has representatives at the checkpoint. It is the only of Norway's land border crossings which does not border the Schengen Area and thus the only one manned by the police. The Border Guard Service of Russia operates the border crossing at Borisoglebsky. It consists of a customs area and a border control area, both with independent checks. Once past

title: North Korea–Russia border

text: Union and North Korea signed an agreement establishing a border along the fairway of the Tumen. The former Noktundo Island, in size, was recognized by North Korea as part of Russia. This agreement was not accepted by South Korea, which continues to view Noktundo as Korean territory. In the second half of the 20th century, thousands of North Korean refugees and displaced people crossed the border. Their descendants now live throughout Russia and other Commonwealth of Independent States countries. Because the North Korean side of the river is mountainous and the Russian side is lower, shore erosion may cause the

title: Norway–Russia border

text: Union border was established. During the Cold War, the border was one of two between the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the Soviet Union, the other being the Soviet Union–Turkey border. From 1991 to 1999 it was the only border between Russia and NATO. It is Norway's youngest unchanged border. Since the 1960s there has been disagreement as to the border between the two countries' EEZs, but this was resolved by a delimitation agreement in 2010. From the 11th century Olaf III of Norway regarded the borders of Norway as reaching to the White Sea. The first Norwegians started

title: Norway–Russia border

text: Cooperation concerning conservation of nature started in 1990. It was initially a Norwegian proposal to protect the important bird area and lake of Fjærvann, and resulted in a joint Norwegian and Russian Pasvik Nature Reserve. The Russian part was formally established in 1992 and the Norwegian part the following year. In 2003 a new border station was opened at Borisoglebsk, financed by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Norway and Russia signed a protocol on 11 July 2007 which established the border through the Varangerfjord out from land. In 2011 the two countries agreed to replace the wooden markers with

title: Poland–Russia border

text: of the People's Republic of Poland and the Soviet Union, including the Border Agreement between Poland and the USSR of 16 August 1945. While the actual border line remained unchanged following the fall of the Soviet Union, the breakdown of the Soviet Union into a number of post-Soviet states transformed the Poland-Soviet Union border into a Poland-Russia, Poland-Lithuania, Poland-Belarus and Poland-Ukraine border. The Poland–Russia borders were confirmed in a Polish-Russian treaty of 1992 (ratified in 1993). The Poland–Russia border is that between Poland and the Kaliningrad oblast of Russia, which is an exclave, unconnected to the rest of Russia. The

title: Norway–Russia border

text: This, combined with "vodka traffic" the visa-free crossing created and concerns of recruitment of Soviet spies, made Norwegian authorities terminate the Skafferhullet crossing and the visa-free project later that year. A Soviet border provocation on 7 June 1968, together with the invasion of Czechoslovakia that year and a general increase in Soviet military activity on the Norwegian border, contributed to a large increase in the funding for the Norwegian military presence on the border. Yet the Russia–Norway border is the only one of Russia's borders where an open war between the two bordering countries has not taken place. (there was

title: Latvia–Russia border

text: from the intersection point of the state borders of Latvia, Russia and Belarus, and ends with the joint borders of Latvia, Russia and Estonia. Latvia borders only one oblast of Russia, the Pskov Oblast. Russia borders seven Latvian municipalities. Crossing the border is allowed only at border controls. Most people need a visa on one or both sides of the border. Listed from north: Border crossings can also be done by air travel. The only international airport in Latvia is Riga International Airport which has scheduled flights among other places to Moscow and Saint Petersburg. The airports at Daugavpils, Liepāja,

title: Lithuania–Russia border

text: the entire area of the reservoir was part of the Russian Federation. Therefore, fishers and swimmers on the Lithuanian side inadvertently crossed the international border. In return, Russia received the appropriate territorial compensation in other areas. The treaty entered into force in 2003. At the Russian-Lithuanian border smuggling takes place and semi-legal "shuttle" trade cheaper Russian and Belarusian products, which are exported to Lithuania for resale. Especially popular are cigarettes. Lithuania–Russia border The Lithuania–Russia border is an international border between the Kaliningrad Oblast, an exclave of the Russian Federation (CIS member) and Republic of Lithuania (EU member). The long border

title: China–Russia border

text: border line runs north-east, until it reaches the Argun River. The border follows the Argun and Amur river to the confluence of the latter with the Ussuri River. It divides the Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island at the confluence of the two rivers, and then runs south along the Ussuri. The border crosses Lake Khanka, and finally runs to the south-west. The China–Russia border ends when it reaches the Tumen River, which is the northern border of North Korea. The end point of the China–Russia border, and the China–North Korea–Russia tripoint, at (), is located only a few kilometers before the river

title: Poland–Russia border

text: border is 232 km long. For most of this length, the Polish side is in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship; the extreme east is in the Podlaskie Voivodeship, and the westernmost segment (on the Vistula Spit) in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. 210 km of the border is land and 22 km is sea. The official demarcation of the boundary was finalized March 5, 1957, in the following terms: When Poland joined the European Union in 2004, this border became one of the borders between the European Union and the non-EU countries. It is one of the five borders that Russia shares with the

title: Mongolia–Russia border

text: Mongolia–Russia border The Mongolia–Russia border (, "Mongol-Orosın xil"; , "Rossijsko-mongoljskaja granica") is the international border between the Russian Federation (CIS member) and Mongolia. It is virtually all land. The total length of the border is 3485 km. The boundary is the third longest border between Russia and another country, behind the Kazakhstan-Russia border and the China-Russia border. The Russian state expanded into the regions north of today's Mongolia in the 17th century. Much of the line of the today's Mongolia–Russia border line was set by the Treaty of Kyakhta (1727) between the Russian and Qing Empires (the Mongolia at the

title: Norway–Russia border

text: boat does not stop, except in emergencies. Parts of Pasvikelva is marked with yellow buoys along the border line during summer. After the visa-free arrangement was activated, border trade has picked up. Norwegians buy petrol and diesel for less than half the price in Norway. This is the border in Europe with largest difference in fuel price. Norwegians also buy some Russian products such as building material and some services like hair dressing. Products produced in EU, Japan etc. such as clothes and electronics are more expensive in Russia because of tolls so Russians often buy them tax-free in Kirkenes.

title: Norway–Russia border

text: of the Norwegian Border Commissioner, while the Russian side is patrolled by the Border Guard Service of Russia. Two-thirds of the border follows two rivers, the Pasvikelva and Jakobselva. The border was defined as a march in a treaty in 1326 and separated which parts of the Sami could be taxed by Norway and Russia. The border line was defined by a treaty in 1826 and essentially remains the same border today. In 1920 Petsamo was ceded to Finland and the border became part of the Finland–Norway border. Petsamo was ceded to the Soviet Union in 1944 and the Norway–Soviet

title: North Korea–Russia border

text: Tumen River, which floods annually, to gradually change its course toward the Russian side. (A similar phenomenon is seen on the China–Russia border, with the Amur River.) To prevent the loss of national territory, and to shield Khasan and the Peschanaya border guard station from flooding, Russian authorities carried out a riverbank protection project using rock fill from 2004–2008. North Korea–Russia border The border between Russia and North Korea, according to the official Russian definition, consists of of "terrestrial border" and 22.1 km (12 nautical miles) of "maritime border". It is the shortest of the international borders of Russia. The

title: Russia–Ukraine border

text: Russia–Ukraine border The Russian-Ukrainian border is the international state border between the Russian Federation (CIS member) and Ukraine, which formally has been in existence since Ukraine's independence from the Soviet Union, on August 24, 1991. Over land the border outlines five oblasts (regions) of Ukraine and five oblasts of the Russian Federation. Since the spring of 2014 the border has been compromised due to the 2014–present Russian military intervention in Ukraine. According to head of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine Viktor Nazarenko Ukraine doesn't control of the border with Russia. This stretch of land is now controlled by

title: North Korea–Russia border

text: and China–North Korea borders run along the middle of the Tumen River, while the China–Russia border approaches the junction point overland from the north. Because the theoretical tripoint is in the middle of the river, where it would be impractical to install a border monument, the agreement provides instead that the three countries install border monuments on the riverbank, and that the position of the tripoint be determined with respect to those monuments. The administrative unit on the Russian side of the border is the Khasansky District of Primorsky Krai; on the Korean side, it is the city of Rason.

title: Belarus–Russia border

text: third-country nationals have been instituted by Russia when travelling from Belarus to Russia by road, as it is prohibited by Russian law for third-country national to enter Russia outside border control, and there is no border controls on the open border. Visitors are advised by the Polish Embassy in Belarus to enter mainland Russia via –Burachki and Senkivka–Novye Yurkovichi. Air travel between Belarus and Russia was treated as domestic and did not incur border controls before May 2017 (but there are identity checks as exist for normal domestic air travel in Russia and Belarus), since then, the flights have been

title: Russia–Ukraine border

text: is on the Sea of Azov to the point on the coast which goes to the land border and so on to the tripoint with Belarus to the north. The Russia–Ukraine border has the biggest number of border checkpoints in Ukraine. A treaty on the demarcation of the common border between the foreign ministers of Ukraine and Russia was signed on 17 May 2010 and came into force on 29 July of the same year. At that time, Ukraine intended to start work on the demarcation of the border upon ratification of the agreement by the respective governments, but ratification

title: Norway–Russia border

text: durable and reduce maintenance. Two poles were replaced in 1979 and remained at the turn of the millennium. However, the authorities concluded that wooden poles were more suitable and more durable in relation to human contact, as Norway, unlike Russia and Finland, allows people to travel up to the border. In 1989 there were 2,000 border crossings. The dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 caused the Norway–Soviet Union border to become the Norway–Russia border. This resulted in a more liberal border crossing policy, which saw the number of crossings increase to 80,000 by 1992. For Norwegian authorities this meant

title: Azerbaijan–Russia border

text: Azerbaijan–Russia border Azerbaijan–Russia border is the state border between Russia and Azerbaijan. It is 284 km in length. On the border is the southernmost point of the Russian Federation. Prior to 1991, was the border between the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (including Dagestan ASSR) and the Azerbaijan SSR. The boundary is set by the contract signed in Baku on October 3, 2010. It entered into force in accordance with Article 7, the date of exchange of instruments of ratification (July 18, 2011 [1]). Drawn border line caused criticism in Russia State Duma deputies from the Communist Party, the head

title: Kazakhstan–Russia border

text: and other ethnic groups (Germans, Tatars, and Ukrainians) live on both sides of the border. Roads and railways were not built with this border in mind, so when the border became international in 1991, for example one branch of the Trans-Siberian Railway was interrupted by two border crossings at Petropavl. In 2017, Russia and Kazakhstan agreed to permit transit (corridor) trains without border control. Kazakhstan–Russia border The Kazakhstan–Russia border () is the international border between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. It is the longest continuous international border in the world, and the second longest by total length

title: Georgia–Russia border

text: Georgia–Russia border The Georgia–Russia border is the state border between Georgia and Russia. It runs mostly along the Caucasus range and thus closely follows the conventional boundary between Europe and Asia. Peaks along the border include Shota Rustaveli Peak, Dzhangi-Tau, Shkhara, Dzhimara, Kazbek and Tebulosmta. The only legal border crossing point is north of Stepantsminda on the Georgian Military Highway. It can handle up to seven thousand people, 50 buses and cars a day. There are also border crossings between Russia and the breakaway states of Abkhazia (in Adler) and South Ossetia (the Roki Tunnel). The Georgian Kingdoms (Kartli-Kakheti and

title: Azerbaijan–Russia border

text: of Dagestan said that "Dagestan is not something that has not lost anything, but gained a lot more". Road, rail and pedestrian traffic between Russia and Azerbaijan through several checkpoints. The boundary is divided into three sections - the mountain, piedmont (runs along the river Samur) and lowland (Samur River delta in the Caspian Depression). Through the border there is a fence equipped with technical facilities including barbed wire, sensors and cameras. Azerbaijan–Russia border Azerbaijan–Russia border is the state border between Russia and Azerbaijan. It is 284 km in length. On the border is the southernmost point of the Russian

title: China–Russia border

text: China–Russia border The Chinese–Russian border or the Sino–Russian border is the international border between China and Russia (CIS member). After the final demarcation carried out in the early 2000s, it measures , and is the world's sixth-longest international border. The China–Russian border consists of two non-contiguous sections: the long eastern section and the much shorter western section. The eastern border section is over in length. According to a joint estimate published in 1999, it measured at . It starts at the eastern China–Mongolia–Russia tripoint (), marked by the border monument called Tarbagan-Dakh (Ta'erbagan Dahu, Tarvagan Dakh). From the tripoint, the

title: Georgia–Russia border

text: Georgia and Russia, from the Russian point of view, has become much shorter (from 694 to 365 km), and is separated into two portions, a western one between Abkhazia and South Ossetia and an eastern one between South Ossetia and Azerbaijan. From the Georgian perspective, the Russian–Georgian border did not change after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Georgia–Russia border The Georgia–Russia border is the state border between Georgia and Russia. It runs mostly along the Caucasus range and thus closely follows the conventional boundary between Europe and Asia. Peaks along the border include Shota Rustaveli Peak, Dzhangi-Tau, Shkhara, Dzhimara,

title: Lithuania–Russia border

text: Lithuania–Russia border The Lithuania–Russia border is an international border between the Kaliningrad Oblast, an exclave of the Russian Federation (CIS member) and Republic of Lithuania (EU member). The long border passes (from west to south-east clockwise) through the Curonian Spit and Curonian Lagoon, and then follows along the Neman River, Šešupė, Širvinta, Liepona, and Lake Vištytis. There is a tripoint between Lithuania, Russia, and Poland with a stone monument at . Most of the border follows rivers or lakes. On land, border stations are equipped with engineering and technical facilities (wired fences and the exclusion zone). Most other land areas

title: Mongolia–Russia border

text: and continued as the Mongolia–Russia border after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The eastern and western end points of the Mongolia–Russia border are "tripoints", i.e. junctions with the China–Russia border and the China–Mongolia border. A special trilateral agreement, signed on January 27, 1994 in Ulaan Baator, determines the location of these two "tripoints". The agreement is based on earlier bilateral treaties between the parties involved. The trilateral agreement specifies that a border monument was to be erected at the eastern tripoint, called Tarbagan-Dakh (Ta'erbagan Dahu, Tarvagan Dakh); a later trilateral protocol determined the tripoint's geographic coordinates as

title: Belarus–Russia border

text: the notice with the Russian conformation. In April 2012 The Border Committee of Belarus and Russia held a meeting in Hrodna. At the meeting, Grigory Rapota, state secretary of the Belarusian-Russian Union State, said that 2,857 million Russian roubles had been provided for the project out of the Union State budget. The money was spent, among other things, on the purchase of two helicopters for Belarusian border control units and the further training of Belarusian border guards in Russia. There is virtually no border control when travelling between Russia and Belarus, but since October 2016, document checks and prohibitions against

title: Norway–Russia border barrier

text: Norway–Russia border barrier The Norway–Russia border barrier is an international border barrier built by Norway on the Norway–Russia border. Construction of the barrier began in September 2016 and took a few months. The intent of the project was to prevent the smuggling and illegal crossing of migrants from the Middle East, mainly from Syria, who have used Russia as a route of entry into Norway (and thus into the European Union's passport-free Schengen zone). In 2016, 5,500 asylum-seekers illegally entered Norway from Russia. Because it is illegal to drive from Russia to Norway without proper legal permission, and crossing on

title: China–Russia border

text: flows into the Pacific Ocean, the other end of the North Korea–Russia border. The much shorter (less than ) western border section is between Russia's Altai Republic and China's Xinjiang. It runs in the mostly snow-covered high elevation area of the Altai Mountains. Its western end point is the China–Kazakhstan–Russia tripoint, whose location is defined by the trilateral agreement as , elevation, 3327 m. Its eastern end is the western China–Mongolia–Russia tripoint, at the top of the peak Tavan Bogd Uul (Mt Kuitun), at the coordinates Today's Sino-Russian border line is mostly inherited by Russia (with minor adjustments) from the

title: Belarus–Russia border

text: Belarus–Russia border The Russian-Belarusian border is the state border between Russia and Belarus. Prior to 1991, it was the border between the RSFSR and the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. The border formally exists, but is not subject to customs checks or duty due to the Union State treaty and the Eurasian Union. The length of the border is 1239 kilometers, including 857.7 km of land, 362.3 km of river and 19.0 km of lake. The border between the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation was formally formed after the dissolution of the Soviet Union on December 1991. In May

title: Norway–Russia border barrier

text: border fences, but private installation fences. There is a fence along the entire Russian border to Norway and Finland, built by the Soviet Union. It is located one or a few kilometres from the border, and has automatic alarms detecting if someone climbs over it. There is a simple gravel road along both entire borders, permitted only for border guards and other authorised people, enabling quick response if an alarm goes off. Norway–Russia border barrier The Norway–Russia border barrier is an international border barrier built by Norway on the Norway–Russia border. Construction of the barrier began in September 2016 and

title: Russia–Ukraine border

text: 2018. The section of the border between the Chernihiv Oblast and Bryansk Oblast has length of . Notes: Notes: Notes: Since the Russian aggression against Ukraine, border operations were suspended. The section of the border between the Donetsk Oblast and Rostov Oblast has length of . Since 16 March 2015, the Russia-Ukraine local border traffic agreement was unilaterally terminated by Ukraine citing national security. As a result, over 100 local border crossing points were closed. On 24 March 2015, Ukrainian side informed that Russia temporarily froze the local border traffic within the territory of Kharkiv, Sumy and Luhansk regions of

title: China–Russia border

text: the USSR was dissolved, and four former Soviet republics — Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan — inherited various sections of the former Sino–Soviet border. Now it was up to them to continue the border regularization work. It took more than a decade for Russia and China to fully resolve the border issues and to demarcate the border. On May 29, 1994, during Prime Minister Chernomyrdin's visit to Beijing, an "Agreement on the Sino-Russian Border Management System intended to facilitate border trade and hinder criminal activity" was signed. On September 3, a demarcation agreement was signed for the short () western

title: Poland–Russia border

text: Poland–Russia border The modern Poland–Russia border is a nearly straight-line division between the Republic of Poland (European Union (EU) member) and the Russian Federation (CIS member) exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast, a region not connected to the Russian mainland. It is currently long. Its current location and size were decided as part of the aftermath of World War II. In 2004 it became part of the boundary of the European Union and Commonwealth of Independent States. The history of the border between Poland and Russia can be traced to the early history of both nations, with one of the earliest notable

title: Norway–Russia border

text: over the border by boat. During World War I six soldiers were stationed at Nyborgmoen in Nesseby as "neutrality guards". This was gradually increased so that by 1918 there were 93 soldiers stationed in Sør-Varanger to guard the border. Finland declared its independence from Russia following the October Revolution, which was followed up with the 1920 Treaty of Tartu, which ceded Petsamo to Finland, thus giving Finland access to the Barents Sea. This resulted in Norway and the Soviet Union no longer having a common border. The planned 1921 review was not carried out. A treaty regarding the border was

title: Norway–Russia border

text: Finland's Lake Inari and empties into Varangerfjord at Elvenes. After a very short section in Finland, the river runs through Russia before reaching the Norway–Russia border, after which is acts as a border river for . Prior to being dammed the river consisted of nine lakes and fifteen waterfalls. It was originally possible to travel the entire length of the river by boat, but the current seven dams make it difficult as boats must be carried past the dams. The river falls and the entire high difference is regulated and used for hydroelectricity. Finland receives compensation for the impact on

title: Russia–Ukraine border

text: Ukraine adjacent to Belhorod and Voronezh regions of Russian Federation. Local BCPs “Zhuravlivka” and “Oleksandrivka” (Kharkiv region) were the exception. Simplified local border crossing was allowed for the 2015 Easter holidays in Stanichno-Lugansk, Melovskoy, Troitsky, Novopskovsky and Belovodsky districts of the Luhansk Oblast. Russia–Ukraine border The Russian-Ukrainian border is the international state border between the Russian Federation (CIS member) and Ukraine, which formally has been in existence since Ukraine's independence from the Soviet Union, on August 24, 1991. Over land the border outlines five oblasts (regions) of Ukraine and five oblasts of the Russian Federation. Since the spring of 2014

title: Russia–Ukraine border

text: border with Ukraine (more than 2.5 million Russians in 2014) dropped by almost 50% in 2015. They also refused entry into Ukraine to 16,500 citizens of Russia in 2014 and to 10,800 Russians in 2015. According to the State Border Guard there were 1.5 million trips by Russians to Ukraine in 2017. The border has a length of of which is land border and is sea border. It extends from a point in the Black Sea south of the Kerch Strait, where the first contact the territorial waters of both states, is to the north of this strait, passing it

title: Poland–Russia border

text: Soviet Union (USSR), shaped during the Polish-Soviet War, and confirmed at the Treaty of Riga at the line Dzisna-Dokshytsy-Słucz-Korets-Ostroh-Zbrucz. That border was long. Following World War II, the new border (see territorial changes of Poland immediately after World War II) was drawn between the People's Republic of Poland and the USSR. The new Polish-Soviet border was long at first, and subject to a minor modification in the 1951 Polish–Soviet territorial exchange, which reduced the border length to . The modern border between Poland and Russia is regulated by a number of legal documents, many of them dating to the times

title: Poland–Russia border

text: the following Polish administrative districts (powiaty) were granted the same status: The border traffic is very high, and additional border crossings are being considered as of 2013. Poland–Russia border The modern Poland–Russia border is a nearly straight-line division between the Republic of Poland (European Union (EU) member) and the Russian Federation (CIS member) exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast, a region not connected to the Russian mainland. It is currently long. Its current location and size were decided as part of the aftermath of World War II. In 2004 it became part of the boundary of the European Union and Commonwealth of

title: State Border of Ukraine

text: Sea Fleet for its transition outside of Ukraine to Novorossiysk. In 2010 Kharkiv Agreements were ratified by both sides (Russian and Ukrainian), which extended the lease for addition 25 with optional five-year extension if necessary. The agreements were also part of the Russia–Ukraine gas disputes which sprang out onto the international scale. The area of the exclusive economic zone of Ukraine is . On land Ukrainian border with the following countries stretches for . All territory of Ukraine is consistent and does not have any Ukrainian enclaves in other countries. Also, Ukraine has the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone which has a

title: Norway–Russia border

text: need to worry about whether or not their cattle were on the correct side of the border. During the late 19th century customs checkpoints were established at Elvenes and Grense Jakobselv. Norwegian authorities gave permission for customs-free transit of wares along Pasvikelva. There was a limited amount of trans-border trade, and import for personal use under certain volumes was customs-free. This was accelerated by significantly lower prices in Russia compared to Norway. From 1902 to 1917 the border crossing was used to smuggle revolutionary Russian literature into Russia. The material was printed at Finnmarken's printing press in Vadsø and smuggled

title: State Border of Ukraine

text: the Ukrainian border is . In reality Ukraine does not have real established and ratified borders with Russia, Belarus, and Moldova (republics of the former Soviet Union). The borders with other countries were inherited from the Soviet border patrol service which was recreated into the Ukrainian after the fall of the Soviet Union. In 1994, the Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances promised, inter alia, that its signatories (the Russian Federation, the United States of America, and the United Kingdom) would respect Ukraine's existing borders. Ukraine also exclusively leased until 2017 part of territory of Sevastopol municipality to the Russian Black

title: Norway–Russia border

text: There are restrictions on food import in both directions, especially meat, and alcohol may only be imported into Norway if staying in Russia more than 24 hours, so food and alcohol are less often traded, which otherwise are the most traded goods over the Sweden–Norway and Finland–Norway border. There are suggestions about a new larger border checkpoint to be built on the Norwegian side, as the current station has insufficient capacity to handle increased traffic, and the ground is not sufficiently stable to allow an expansion at the current site. Individual Norwegian police executives have called for a common border

title: Norway–Russia border

text: Norwegian border police issued an announcement in 2016 that it is forbidden to cross the border on land, water and in air, including at border markers (except with permission or at the border station), or to have contact with people across the border or throw things over the border. This is already written in the law. There is only one legal border crossing point, with stations on both sides, at Storskog in Norway and Borisoglebsky in Russia, located on the E105 highway some 15 km east of Kirkenes. Crossing time at both stations is unpredictable and depends of the amount

title: Norway–Russia border

text: border within the territorial waters was established by a protocol signed on 15 February 1957. It was marked with two lead markers and originally stretched . During the Soviet era the border was guarded by Soviet border troops. The border was one of the two land borders between NATO and the Soviet Union, the other being the Soviet Union–Turkey border. This ensured that Russia–Norway border relations were a relevant matter for other NATO allies. During the Cold War, the Soviet Union was considered Norway's main enemy and Norway maintained a large military presence on the border. Norwegian government plans for

title: Norway–Russia border

text: Borisoglebsky travelers enter the Border Security Zone, a twenty-minute transit-only area. The road is located outside the barbed-wire fence which stretches along Russia's entire Norway and Finland border. Upon reaching the end of the transit zone there is another checkpoint at which there is performed a check of passports. Previously there was also another checkpoint located at Titovka, between Nikel and Murmansk. There are more border checkpoints today than during the Cold War. Since 29 September 2017, a new bridge has been opened passing the Pasvik river, with the Storskog-Borisoglebsk customs stations still handling the travels between the two countries.

title: 1991 Sino-Soviet Border Agreement

text: it to be set at 24 km, and the Chinese at 15 km. The final position was set at 18.3 km (11.3 mi) above the mouth of the river. The final position of the triangular border, where China, Russia, and North Korea meet, was successfully demarcated in 1998 after trilateral negotiations from all three countries, and went into effect 1999. The Republic of China now based in Taiwan does not recognize any Chinese territorial changes based on any border agreements signed by the People's Republic of China with any other countries, including this 1991 one, due to the requirements in

title: Lithuania–Russia border

text: have no fence, but some places near roads or villages have fences (e.g. at with Street View coverage). Crossing the border into Lithuania requires a Schengen visa, and into Russia requires a Russian visa. In early 2017, with increasing military activity and political tensions in the area, the government announced plans to reinforce the Kaliningrad/Ramoniškiai area border crossing with a six-foot-high fence, funded by NATO, characterized by some officials as a token effort and waste of money. Historical borders between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Tsardom of Russia varied significantly throughout history, and at times bore little resemblance to

title: Norway–Russia border

text: on a clause in the Schengen Agreement. It is only available for residents of the zone for the past three years and requires that a special ID-card be acquired from the consulate of the country to visit (a kind of multiple-journey visa). Stay is limited to 15 days. Towns within the area include Kirkenes in Norway and Nikel, Pechenga and Zapolyarny in Russia. 9,000 Norwegians and 45,000 Russians are eligible for this arrangement. After a similar agreement on border between Poland and Kaliningrad Oblast it is the second time such a visa-free border agreement has been made between Russia and

title: Norway–Russia border

text: Gleb. This accelerated the need for a specific border line. In 1582 Russian Tsar Ivan the Terrible declared the Kola Bay part of Russia, later specifying that Russia claimed all of Lapland. He further proposed that a new border line be drawn up. Denmark–Norway's King Frederick II responded by renewing the Norwegian claim to all land to the White Sea. His successor Christian IV traveled along the Finnmark coast in 1599 to increase the weight of the claims. As part of the Treaty of Knäred in 1613, Sweden abandoned all claims in Finnmark. The Dano-Norwegian government took the initiative to

title: Georgia–Russia border

text: 8 June 1918. From 1921 to 1991, it was an internal border of the Soviet Union. The border was changed during 1944–1958 to include part of the territories of the deported Chechens and Karachai into Georgia (now part of Karachay-Cherkessia, with cities Teberda and Karachaevsk, and the highlands of modern Chechnya). After 1958, the border reverted to following the Caucasus range. With the independence of Georgia in 1991, the border became an international one. After the armed conflict in 2008, Russia recognized the Russian-occupied territories of Georgia as the independent republics of South Ossetia and Abkhazia, so the border between

title: North Korea–Russia border

text: The main Russian border guard station in the area is Peschanaya. There is one crossing on the North Korea–Russia border: the Friendship Bridge over the Tumen River, 800 metres southwest of the train station in Khasan, Russia. On the North Korean side, the border train station is at Tumangang. The crossing is railway-only, used by freight and passenger trains, but planks laid between the tracks make crossing of road vehicles possible by special arrangement. Passenger train service over the Friendship Bridge includes a Khasan–Tumangang shuttle, as well as a Korean State Railway direct car on the Moscow–Pyongyang route. The direct

title: Russia–Ukraine border

text: was not completed. However 16 June 2014 the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine ordered the government to carry a one-side demarcation of the border "in terms of existing threats to national security"; amidst the worst fighting of the 2014 pro-Russian conflict in Ukraine. Since May 2015 Ukraine is building a fortified border barrier on the Russia–Ukraine border. The aim of the project is preventing Russian military and hybrid warfare intervention in Ukraine. As of May 2015, a walled defense system was under construction along the Russian border in Kharkiv Oblast. The project is planned to be finished in

title: Finland–Russia border

text: 2020. However, Lieutenant-General Vladimir Streltsov, deputy head of the Russian border service, noted that electronic surveillance will never replace the human element. The border can be crossed only at official checkpoints, and at least one visa is required for most people. Major border checkpoints are found in Vaalimaa and Nuijamaa, where customs services on both sides inspect and levy fees on imported goods. The northern endpoint of the border between Norway, Finland, and Russia form a tripoint marked by Treriksrøysa, a stone cairn near Muotkavaara (). On the south, the boundary is on the shore of Gulf of Finland, in

title: Norway–Russia border

text: that police and customs authorities would have to be regularly stationed at the border. A large amount of the initial traffic was from Russians who sold crafts and souvenirs at markets and fairs throughout Finnmark. From 1992 Norwegian authorities introduced limitations on the activity, resulting in a reduction in trans-border traffic. However, by 1998 the traffic had nearly hit 100,000. From 1991 to 1999 (Poland joining NATO), Norway was the only NATO country to share a land border with Russia. This caused a decrease in allied interest in Norway's border issue, leaving Norway more to itself in managing the relationship.

title: Nordic countries

text: German areas. Sweden also conquered vast areas from Denmark–Norway during the Northern Wars in the middle of the 17th century. Sweden also had several conflicts with Russia over Finland and other eastern areas of the country and after the Great Northern War (1700–1721) Sweden lost most of its territories outside the old Swedish border to Russia which then became the new major power in Northern Europe. After the Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815), the political map of the Nordic countries altered again. In 1809, Finland was conquered by Russian Empire from Sweden in the Finnish War, after which Finland became the autonomous

title: Central Band of the Border Guard Service of the Federal Security Service of Russia

text: and internationally. During its 50-year history, the band has also performed in countries such as Belarus, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Latvia, Estonia, the United States, Germany, Poland, Austria and Norway. Articles about related military bands: Central Band of the Border Guard Service of the Federal Security Service of Russia The Central Band of the Border Guard Service of the Federal Security Service of Russia, also known as the Russian Frontier Guard Band is a special military unit that is the official military band service for the Border Service of the FSB of Russia. The band is a branch of the Military

title: Border control

text: CIS, is an organisation composed of former members of the Soviet Union, whose members eliminate many trade and visa related border controls. The Union State of Russia and Belarus (; "Sajuznaja dziaržava") is a supranational union of Russia and Belarus (two CIS members), which eliminates all border controls between the two nations. However, each country continues to maintain its own visa policies, thus resulting in non-citizens of the two countries generally being barred from travelling directly between the two. The two most significant free travel areas in Western Europe are the Schengen area (; ), in which very little if

title: China–North Korea–Russia tripoint

text: the tripoint would not strictly be a point where the three countries' sovereign territory meets. China–North Korea–Russia tripoint The China–North Korea–Russia tripoint is the tripoint where the China–Russia border and the North Korea–Russia border intersect. The tripoint is in the Tumen River about 500 meters upstream from Korea Russia Friendship Bridge and under 2,000 meters from the Russian settlement of Khasan. Three granite shoreside markers are specified in the 1985 treaty defining the tripoint, which is "a straight line running along the perpendicular from border sign No. 423 on the Russian-Chinese state border to the line of the middle of

title: Norway–Russia border

text: establish a border line in 1789. Russian authorities agreed, but because of the Russo-Turkish War no work was undertaken. New Dano-Norwegian requests were raised in 1793, 1797, and 1809, without action from their Russian counterpart. Norway joined a union with Sweden in 1814 and two years later King Carl John again tried to start negotiations, without success. In 1825, however, a common Norwegian and Russian commission was established to draw a border line, resulting in a report and a map which was approved by both countries' authorities. The treaty was signed in Saint Petersburg on 14 May 1826, and the

title: Poland–Russia border

text: EU (see Border of the European Union). As of 2008, there were three road crossings (Gołdap-Gusev, Bezledy-Bagrationovsk and Gronowo-Mamonovo) and three train crossing (Braniewo-Mamonovo, Skandawa-Zheleznodorozhny and Głomno-Bagrationovsk). In 2010, the largest road crossing up to that point was opened at Grzechotki-Mamonovo. More crossings are being built (Perły-Krylovo, Piaski-Baltiysk, Rapa-Ozyorsk), as the EU standards require Poland to operate at least seven for that border. In the first quarter of 2012, the Polish-Russian border saw the least traffic out of the borders Poland shares with the non-European Union countries (the others being the Poland-Ukraine border and the Poland-Belarus border). For that period,

title: Japan–Russia border

text: into the Soviet Union in 1945. Russia treats the islands as an integral part of the country. There are no border crossing points on the Russian-Japanese border, as it is a purely maritime boundary. During the existence of the land border in Sakhalin (1905-1945), it was crossed by one road. Soviet–Japanese border conflicts Japan–Russia border The Japan–Russia border is the "de facto" maritime boundary that separates the territorial waters of the two countries. According to the Russia border agency, the border's length is 194.3 km. The two countries do not share a terrestrial border, although in 1905-1945 the Russian Empire,

title: Japan–Russia border

text: Japan–Russia border The Japan–Russia border is the "de facto" maritime boundary that separates the territorial waters of the two countries. According to the Russia border agency, the border's length is 194.3 km. The two countries do not share a terrestrial border, although in 1905-1945 the Russian Empire, and, later, the USSR, did have a land border with Japan in Sakhalin Island. The border between Russia and Japan has changed several times over the last 200 years. The Treaty of Shimoda (1855) divided the Kuril Islands, creating a maritime boundary between the Japanese Etorofu (Iturup) in the south and the Russian

title: Estonia–Russia border

text: agreement on the border between the two countries, recognizing that some territories are now in Russia, in the Pechory area of the Pskov Oblast and in the Leningrad Oblast, was signed in May 2005 and ratified by the Estonian parliament, but then Russia withdrew its signature from the treaty. Russia and Estonia afterward signed a border treaty on February 17, 2014, making Estonia the last Baltic country to formalize its border with Russia. As of January 2016, the treaty has not been ratified in either of the countries. The border towns of Narva (Estonia) and Ivangorod (Russia) are directly adjacent

title: Norway–Russia border

text: Lake Inari, which is regulated for level difference of . Both countries have appointed a border commissioner to uphold the border treaty and its protocols. The Norwegian Border Commissioner is based in Kirkenes and is subordinate to the National Police Directorate. The Russian commissioner is based in Nikel. Norwegian border patrolling is undertaken by the Garrison of Sør-Varanger, which largely bases itself on use of conscripts. In Russia border patrolling is carried out by the Border Guard Service of Russia and the Federal Security Service. The EEZs are patrolled by the Norwegian Coast Guard and the Russian FSB Coast Guard,

title: China–Russia border

text: the first exchange of goods between the two countries. Between 1988 and 1992 the cross-border commerce between Russia and the Heilongjiang province increased threefold, with the number of legal Chinese workers in Russia increasing from 1286 to 18905. The waning years of the Soviet Union saw a reduction of the tensions on the then heavily fortified Sino-Soviet border. In 1990–91, the two countries agreed to significantly reduce their military forces stationed along the border. To this day one can find numerous abandoned military facilities in Russia's border districts. Even though the Sino-Soviet border trade resumed as early as 1983–85, it

title: Japan–Russia border

text: southern half of Sakhalin to Japan, while Japanese troops withdrew from its northern half; thus the two countries the first time in their history shared a land border, which ran along the 50th parallel north across the entire island of Sakhalin, from the Strait of Tartary to the Sea of Okhotsk. Even though Japan occupied the northern part of Sakhalin in 1920-1925, during and after the Russian Civil War, Soviet control in the northern Sakhalin was established in 1925, and the 50th parallel became the Japan-USSR border. Since the Japanese Empire incorporated Korea by 1910, the short Korea–Russia border also

title: China–Russia border

text: section of the binational border; the demarcation of this section was completed in 1998. In November 1997, at a meeting in Beijing, Russian President Boris Yeltsin and General Secretary and President Jiang Zemin signed an agreement for the demarcation of the much longer (over ) eastern section of the border, in accordance with the provisions of the 1991 Sino-Soviet agreement. The last unresolved territorial issue between the two countries was settled by the 2004 Complementary Agreement between the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation on the Eastern Section of the China–Russia Boundary Pursuant to that agreement, Russia transferred

title: Estonia–Russia border

text: swamps. Crossing the border is allowed only at border controls. Most people need a visa on one or both sides of the border. Listed from north: Furthermore, the small Estonian road from Värska to Ulitina crosses the border into Russia and goes back to Estonia. There is no border control and it is not allowed to stop or go further into Russia this way. Estonia–Russia border The Estonia–Russia border is the international border between Republic of Estonia (EU member) and the Russian Federation (CIS member).The border is long. In its present form, it has not changed since 1945, when Estonia

title: China–Russia border

text: section of the border are the Betsu-Kanas Pass (перевал Бетсу-Канас), elevation . and Kanas (перевал Канас), elevation . No roads suitable for wheeled vehicles exist over these two passes, although a difficult dirt road approaches from the Russian side to within from the Kanas Pass. Until the Soviet authorities closed the border in 1936, Kazakh nomads would occasionally use these passes. Proposals exist for the construction of a cross-border highway and the Altai gas pipeline from China to Russia, which would cross the western section of the Sino-Russian border. China–Russia border The Chinese–Russian border or the Sino–Russian border is the

title: Estonia–Russia border

text: Estonia–Russia border The Estonia–Russia border is the international border between Republic of Estonia (EU member) and the Russian Federation (CIS member).The border is long. In its present form, it has not changed since 1945, when Estonia became part of the Soviet Union. A small change was to take place in 2014, but this has yet to take effect. Much of the border with Estonia is water, passing through the channel of the Narva River and Lake Peipsi, but in the south there is a land border, parts of which were disputed when Estonia joined the European Union and NATO. The

title: China–Russia border

text: to China a part of Abagaitu Islet, the entire Yinlong (Tarabarov) Island, about a half of Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island, and some adjacent river islets. This resolved a border dispute between Russia and China, standing since Japanese invasion of Manchuria of 1931. These Amur River islands were until then administered by Russia and claimed by China. The event was meant to foster feelings of reconciliation and cooperation between the two countries by their leaders. The transfer has been ratified by both the Chinese National People's Congress and the Russian State Duma in 2005. The official transfer ceremony was held on-site October

title: Latvia–Russia border

text: Jūrmala-Tukuma and Ventspils are also registered as border crossing points. Latvia–Russia border Latvia–Russia border is the state border between Republic of Latvia (EU member) and the Russian Federation (CIS member). The length of the border is 214 km. The access-restricted Border Security Zone of Russia lies along the border on the Russian side. In order to visit this zone, a permit issued by the local FSB department is required (the only exceptions are international border transit points). The Pskov region and Latvia have had historical ties since the founding of the Pskov Republic in the 13th century. From 1925 to

title: Latvia–Russia border

text: Latvia–Russia border Latvia–Russia border is the state border between Republic of Latvia (EU member) and the Russian Federation (CIS member). The length of the border is 214 km. The access-restricted Border Security Zone of Russia lies along the border on the Russian side. In order to visit this zone, a permit issued by the local FSB department is required (the only exceptions are international border transit points). The Pskov region and Latvia have had historical ties since the founding of the Pskov Republic in the 13th century. From 1925 to 1945 Abrene County was part of the Republic of Latvia.

title: North Korea–Russia border

text: an agreement to develop a road connection between the two countries. The border between the Russian Empire and the Qing dynasty, including its tributary Korean Kingdom was established by the Convention of Peking in November 1860. Under the agreement, the Qing dynasty ceded territories east of the Ussuri River to the Russians. The original description of the border included the lower course of the Tumen River—the last 20 "li" (about )—as its southernmost section. The existence of Korea as a separate country was not mentioned in the 1860 convention between Russia and China, but in the late 19th and early

title: Finland–Russia border

text: Finland–Russia border The Finnish–Russian border is the roughly north/south international border between the Republic of Finland (EU member) and the Russian Federation (CIS). Some 1,340 km (833 miles) long, it runs mostly through uninhabited taiga forests and sparsely populated rural areas, not following any particular natural feature or river. It is also part of the external border of both the political and economic union; European Union (EU) and the loose confederation; Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Border crossings are controlled and patrolled by the Finnish Border Guard and Border Guard Service of Russia, who also enforce border zones (0.1–3 km

title: Finland–Russia border

text: stuck due to immigration proceedings. In March 2016, Finland and Russia temporarily closed the Raja-Jooseppi border crossing at Inari and the Salla border crossing from third country nationals. Only Finnish, Russian and Belarusian citizens were allowed to use these crossings for a period of six months. The measure proved temporary. From north to south. In addition, there are provisional border crossing points: Of these, only Inari and Parikkala were actually used in 2015-2018. The following are Finnish ink passport stamps applied at the Finnish–Russian border. Finland–Russia border The Finnish–Russian border is the roughly north/south international border between the Republic of

title: China–Russia border

text: Soviet Union, while the Sino-Soviet border line was essentially the same as the border between the Russian and Qing Empires, settled by a number of treaties in 17th through 19th century. Below is the list of important border treaties, along with the indication as to which sections today's Sino-Russian border were largely set by them: Post-1917, territorial and political expansion of Russia, as well as China, have been the occasion for mutual territorial claims: Heavily militarised following the Sino-Soviet split of the 1950s and 60s, culminating in the Sino-Soviet border conflict of 1969, the border slowly opened after 1982 allowing

title: Latvia–Russia border

text: On 16 January 1945, the area was transferred from the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic to Pskov Oblast and renamed Pytalovsky District. Ever since Latvia regained independence, Latvia claimed the previous Latvian territory, on the basis of the 1920 Treaty of Riga. In 2007 a treaty on the Russian-Latvian state border was signed and ratified, and the Pytalovsky District remains part of Russia. Passage of the state border between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Latvia is determined on the basis of arrangements. According to the agreement on the Russian-Latvian State Border, the state border between Latvia and Russia starting

title: Norway–Russia border

text: part of the Schengen Area. The distance 30 km is calculated as straight distances on the map, so local Norwegians can visit Zapolyarny which is the largest city in the border area, located 11 km (7 mi) from the border, but 50 km (31 mi) from the border station by road. There are more roads which cross the border and connect to the road network of both countries. They are not open to public. These are the two Paatsjoki River Hydroelectric Plants Hevoskoski and Skogfoss. Also the historic border crossing at Skafferhullet has such a road, and there is one

title: Estonia–Russia border

text: to each other. Both have a predominantly Russian-speaking population. A border oddity was the road from Värska to Ulitina in Estonia, traditionally the only road to the Ulitina area, which goes through Russian territory for one kilometre of its length, an area called Saatse Boot. This road has no border control, but there is no connection to any other road in Russia. It is not permitted to stop or walk along the road. This border oddity will disappear after the 2014 agreement is implemented when the road will be in Estonia. Noteworthy is the sharp change in the direction of

title: China–Russia border

text: over a century old, brought into existence by the original design of Russia's Transsiberian Railway that took a shortcut across Manchuria (the Chinese Eastern Railway). The third railway crossing, near Hunchun/Makhalino, operated between 2000 and 2004, was then closed for a few years, and only recently reopened. Construction has started on a cross-border Amur River railway bridge near Tongjiang/Nizhneleninskoye, which will become the fourth railway border crossing. As of 2018, there were no border crossings of any kind on the two countries' short and remote western border section. According to Russian topographic maps, the lowest mountain passes on the western

title: Finland–Russia border

text: on the Finnish side, at least 7.5 km of Border Security Zone on the Russian side). Entry to a border zone requires a permit. The electronic surveillance on the Finnish side is concentrated most heavily on the "southernmost 200 kilometers" and is constantly growing in sophistication. The Finnish Border Guard conducts "regularly irregular" K9 patrols to catch anyone venturing into the border zone. Russia maintains its 500-year-old border patrol in the arctic region as elsewhere and plans to upgrade Soviet border technologies to both save on cost and to fully maximize the efficiency of the Border Service by the year

title: Japan–Russia border

text: Urup in the north. The treaty did not determine the status of Sakhalin. The Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875) assigned Sakhalin Island to Russia and all of the Kurile Islands to Japan. Thus during the following 30 years the maritime border between the two empires ran along the La Pérouse Strait (between Hokkaido and Sakhalin) and the Kuril Strait (between Russian Kamchatka and Shumshu Island in the Kurils). During the Russo-Japanese War, Japan was able to invade and occupy the entire Sakhalin over several weeks in July 1905. By the Treaty of Portsmouth, which concluded the war, Russia ceded the

title: Borders of Russia

text: Borders of Russia Russia has international borders with 16 sovereign states, including two with maritime boundaries (US, Japan), as well as with the partially recognized states of South Ossetia and Abkhazia. With a land border running in total, Russia has (after China), the second-longest land border of any country. Russia shares borders with more countries than any other state in the world. This includes two partially recognized countries, and two with aquatic boundaries (see below; in italics). Below is a list of subjects with both neighboring regions of Russia with them, and in the neighboring regions of foreign countries. Belgorod

title: Border Security Zone of Russia

text: was amended, the 5 km restriction was removed, and the FSB was legally authorized to draw the zone's limits on its own without coordination with local authorities. In 2006 FSB Director Nikolay Patrushev and his deputy Sergei Smirnov issued decrees delimiting the zone, which expanded greatly and included many large settlements, important transport routes and resort areas, especially in the Republic of Karelia, Leningrad Oblast, and Primorsky Krai. In 2007, pressured by the public, FSB curtailed the zone in some places. Border Security Zone of Russia A Border Security Zone in Russia is the designation of a strip of land

title: China–Russia border

text: 14, 2008. As with many other international borders, a bilateral treaty exists concerning the physical modalities of managing the China–Russia border. The currently valid agreement was signed in Beijing in 2006. The treaty requires the two states to clear trees in a -wide strip along the border (i.e. within from the border line on each side of it) (Article 6). Civil navigation is allowed on the border rivers and lakes, provided the vessels of each country stay on the appropriate side of the dividing line (Article 9); similar rules apply to fishing in these waters (Article 10). Each country's authorities

title: Finland–Russia border

text: flag operation as the pretext to provoke the Winter War a few days later. According to a Russian media report, Finland closed its border crossing with Russia, a counterpart to the Russian border post, on 4 December 2015, an hour and a half before the day's scheduled closing time and thus prevented fifteen people of Mid-East origin from crossing the border. According to the same source, some Finnish border officials confirmed that Raja-Jooseppi had closed early that day while a spokesman for the same department said the checkpoint closed at its regular time of 2100 hours. Note the time zone

title: Japan–Russia border

text: maritime boundary agreement between the two countries has been signed. The existing "de facto" (and, from the Russian point of view, also "de jure") Russian-Japanese border follows several sea the straits: the La Pérouse Strait, the Nemuro Strait, and Izmeny Strait (Notsuke Strait) and the Sovietsky Strait, which separate Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands from the Japanese island of Hokkaido. In Japan's view, the de jure border passes through the La Perouse Strait and the Vries Strait . Japan claims the southern group of the Kuril Islands (viz. Iturup, Shikotan, Kunashir and Habomai), which have been seized by, and incorporated

title: China–Russia border

text: the China–Russia border; all of them are located on the eastern section of the border. Twenty-five of them are provided for by the bilateral agreement of January 27, 1994, and one more is designated by an additional special order of the Russian government. The 25 crossing points established by the treaty include four railway crossings (at one of them, at Tongjiang/Nizhneleninskoye, the railway bridge is still under construction), eleven as highway crossings, one as river crossing, and nine as "mixed" (mostly ferry crossings). Presently, three railway lines cross the border. The two railway border crossings at Zabaikalsk/Manzhouli and Suifenhe/Grodekovo are

title: Border Security Zone of Russia

text: Border Security Zone of Russia A Border Security Zone in Russia is the designation of a strip of land (usually, though not always, along a Russian external border) where economic activity and access are restricted in line with the Frontier Regime Regulations set by the Federal Security Service. For foreign tourists to visit the zone a permit issued by the local FSB department is required. The restricted access zone (of width generally, but e.g., running as much as deep along the Estonian border) was established in the Soviet Union in 1934, and later expanded, at times including vast territories. In

title: Estonia–Russia border

text: commerce before and after the establishment of the border. At the beginning of the 1990s, Russian consumers drove to Estonia to purchase goods, while it is now Estonian consumers who buy goods in Russia and often resell goods in Estonia. Top commodities include sugar, cigarettes and gasoline. On the border operates two types of checkpoints : auto- pedestrian on Friendship Bridge (Narva - Ivangorod) and the Lake Peipus (since 2004) that exports to Estonia sand for construction. In August 2015 Estonia decided to build a fence along the border. It will be long, and not be built at lakes or