query: who controls panama?

title: India–Panama relations

text: Panama, constituting the largest concentration of overseas Indians in Central America. The Indian community, predominantly from the Gujarat, is mostly involved in wholesale and retail trade. A Gurdwara was built in 1986 in Panama City under the non-profit organization Sociedad Guru Nanak to serve as a place of worship for the Sikh Community in Panama. The growth of the Indian community has flourished with the constructions of the Gurdwara, Mandir, Mosques and Bahá'í Temple. Under the administration of President Ricardo Martinelli, the Government of Panama announced that Indian nationals who possess a visa for the USA, Canada, Australia, or any

title: Who Controls the Internet?

text: before and therefore the Internet is not likely to displace territorial government. Rather, it is more likely, the authors speculate, that cultural and political differences may be leading us into a technological Cold War where the U.S., EU and China develop their own competitive Internet platforms. Who Controls the Internet? Who Controls the Internet? Illusions of a Borderless World is a 2006 book by Jack Goldsmith and Tim Wu that offers an assessment of the struggle to control the Internet. Starting with a discussion of the early vision of a borderless global community, the authors present some of the most

title: Who Controls the Internet?

text: Who Controls the Internet? Who Controls the Internet? Illusions of a Borderless World is a 2006 book by Jack Goldsmith and Tim Wu that offers an assessment of the struggle to control the Internet. Starting with a discussion of the early vision of a borderless global community, the authors present some of the most prominent individuals, ideas and movements that have played key roles in developing the Internet. As law professors at Harvard and Columbia, respectively, Goldsmith and Wu assert the important role of government in maintaining Internet law and order while debunking the claims of techno-utopianism that have been

title: Panama City

text: 1999, the United States officially transferred control of the Panama Canal Zone to Panama, which remains in control today. The city of Panama is still a banking center, although with very visible controls in the flow of cash. Shipping is handled through port facilities in the area of Balboa operated by the Hutchison Whampoa Company of Hong Kong and through several ports on the Caribbean side of the isthmus. Balboa, which is located within the greater Panama metropolitan area, was formerly part of the Panama Canal Zone, and the administration of the former Panama Canal Zone was headquartered there. Panamá

title: Real estate in Panama

text: heavily on foreign investors who were finding real estate investments very attractive. "With current and developing projects, Panama was once again proving a boom time for renters of construction equipment." For the first time, Panama City’s real estate market was seeing a significant increase of European buyers, primarily from Italy, Spain and Switzerland. Panama over built hotel rooms created a crisis in the hotel industry where as much as 70% was discounted for hotel rooms to attract customers. A Bill before Panama's National Assembly in 2015 sought to tighten money laundering controls as the country remained on the gray list

title: Real estate in Panama

text: of the Financial Action Task Force(FATF)which negatively effected the nation's economy. A recent International Monetary Fund report indicated that gaps existed in money laundering controls involving real estate agents, insurance brokers, casinos, and lawyers transactions. Panama needed to get rid of its reputation as a major transit for illegal immigrants and illegal drugs and a money laundering haven while 33% of its population lived in poverty. Panama was still a poverty stricken country. Panama continued to have the highest economic growth rate in the American continent while the Ministry of Finance announced a reduction in the poverty rate over the

title: Geography of Panama

text: earthquakes Environment - current issues: water pollution from agricultural runoff threatens fishery resources; deforestation of tropical rain forest; land degradation and soil erosion threatens siltation of Panama Canal; air pollution in urban areas; mining threatens natural resources Environment - international agreements: "party to:" Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling "signed, but not ratified:" Marine Life Conservation Geography - note: strategic location at eastern end of Central America; controls Panama Canal that links Atlantic Ocean

title: Human trafficking in Panama

text: Most foreign sex trafficking victims are adult women from Colombia, the Dominican Republic, and neighboring Central American countries; some victims migrate voluntarily to Panama to work but are subsequently forced into prostitution. Weak controls along Panama's borders make the nation an easy transit point for irregular migrants, from Latin America, East Africa, and Asia, some of whom may fall victim to human trafficking. The government of Panama does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so. During the reporting period, authorities increased public awareness about the prostitution

title: Panama as a tax haven

text: insurance, and boat and shipping registration, according to the Tax Justice Network. An extensive amount of legislation currently exists in the Republic of Panama to protect corporate and financial privacy. However, organisations such as the Tax Justice Network and other advocacy groups and non-governmental organisations state that the main intention of these laws is financial secrecy, as opposed to privacy. The names of shareholders of Panamanian corporations, trusts and foundations are still not required by law to be publicly registered. Panama has no exchange controls: this means that for individual clients of Panama's offshore banking, as well as for offshore

title: Panama

text: many beaches of Panama such as Santa Catalina and Venao that have hosted events the likes of ISA World Surfing Games. Long jumper Irving Saladino became the first Panamanian Olympic gold medalist in 2008. In 2012 eight different athletes represented Panama in the London 2012 Olympics: Irving Saladino in the long jump, Alonso Edward and Andrea Ferris in track and field, Diego Castillo in swimming, and the youngest on the team, Carolena Carstens who was 16 competing in taekwondo. She was the first representative to compete for Panama in that sport. Panama Panama ( ; ), officially the Republic of

title: Information technology controls

text: application controls refer to transaction processing controls, sometimes called "input-processing-output" controls. Information technology controls have been given increased prominence in corporations listed in the United States by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The COBIT Framework (Control Objectives for Information Technology) is a widely used framework promulgated by the IT Governance Institute, which defines a variety of ITGC and application control objectives and recommended evaluation approaches. IT departments in organizations are often led by a Chief Information Officer (CIO), who is responsible for ensuring effective information technology controls are utilized. ITGC represent the foundation of the IT control structure. They help ensure the

title: .NET Compact Framework controls

text: or Mac applications add to the user experience, they might decrease the mobile user experience. Mobile screen is usually small. Therefore, the user may often miss click on mobile screen with many buttons. All of the .NET compact framework controls are hence optimized to overcome the possible limits of mobile devices. Third-party controls are also available. Apart from Microsoft other companies exist who produce .NET Compact Framework controls. See External links section below to find out more third-party .NET Compact Framework controls. .NET Compact Framework controls NET Compact Framework controls is a set of controls for .NET Compact Framework. The

title: Panama Papers

text: in "The Guardian" that President Juan Carlos Varela and his administration have strengthened Panama's controls over money-laundering in the twenty months they have been in power, and that "Panama is setting up an independent commission, co-chaired by the Nobel laureate Joseph Stiglitz, to evaluate our financial system, determine best practices, and recommend measures to strengthen global financial and legal transparency. We expect its findings within the next six months, and will share the results with the international community." However, in early August 2016, Stiglitz resigned from the committee because he learned that the Panamanian government would not commit to making

title: Panama City Panama Temple

text: Panama City Panama Temple The Panama City Panama Temple is the 127th operating temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). It was announced in 2002 and was dedicated on August 10, 2008 by church president Thomas S. Monson. Located in Cárdenas, a suburb of Panama City, it is the first church temple in Panama. The plans to build a temple in Panama City were announced by the LDS Church on August 23, 2002. Ground was broken and the site was dedicated on October 30, 2005, by Spencer V. Jones, a member of the church's Second

title: Panama sheep

text: Panama sheep The Panama is a breed of domestic sheep native to the United States. Though its name is identical to the country of Panama, the breed was in fact named for the Panama–Pacific International Exposition where it was shown early on in its history. Panama sheep originated in 1912 in Muldoon, Idaho. Today Panama sheep are rare - largely unknown outside Idaho and Montana, and are one of only a few breeds which were started by private individuals in the United States. They were developed by James Laidlaw, a Scottish immigrant to the region who was seeking a large

title: Panama

text: White. Ethnic groups in Panama include Mestizo people, who have a mix of European and native ancestry. Black Afro-Panamanians account for 15–20 percent of the population. Most Afro-Panamanians live on the Panama-Colón metropolitan area, the Darien Province, La Palma, and Bocas Del Toro. Neighborhoods in Panama City that have large black populations include: Curundu, El Chorrillo, Rio Abajo, San Joaquín, El Marañón, San Miguelito, and Santa Ana. Black Panamanians are descendants of African slaves brought to the Americas in the Atlantic Slave Trade. The second wave of black people brought to Panama came from the Caribbean during the construction of

title: Administrative controls

text: Administrative controls Administrative controls are training, procedure, policy, or shift designs that lessen the threat of a hazard to an individual. Administrative controls typically change the behavior of people (e.g., factory workers) rather than removing the actual hazard or providing personal protective equipment (PPE). Administrative controls are fourth in larger hierarchy of hazard controls, which ranks the effectiveness and efficiency of hazard controls. Administrative controls are more effective than PPE because they involve some manner of prior planning and avoidance, whereas PPE only serves only as a final barrier between the hazard and worker. Administrative controls are second lowest because

title: Italians in Panama

text: Italians in Panama The Italians in Panama are Italians resident (3,688 in 2011) in Panama and Panamanian citizens who are mainly descendant of Italians attracted by the construction of the Panama Canal, between the 19th and twentieth century. The history of Italian immigrants in Panama begins from 1510, when several Italian citizens decided to emigrate to Panama City founded by Pedrarias Davila. From 1520 some Genovese merchants ruled the commerce of Old Panama (Panamá Viejo) on the Pacific Ocean for a century. Between 1596 and 1597 already there were 11 Italians in Panama, for naturalization and the right to stay

title: Panama Canal

text: the former Italian governmental navigation company known as the "Italian Line". This service can be requested from the Panama canal authority at any time who will consider each request. Panama Canal The Panama Canal () is an artificial waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a conduit for maritime trade. Canal locks are at each end to lift ships up to Gatun Lake, an artificial lake created to reduce the amount of excavation work required for the canal, 26 m (85 ft) above sea level,

title: Panama hat

text: mountain range. Hat weaving and wearing grew steadily in Ecuador through the 17th and 18th centuries. In 1835, Manuel Alfaro, a man who in many ways can be considered the grandfather of the Panama hat, arrived in Montecristi to make his name and fortune in Panama hats. He set up a Panama hat business with his main objective being exportation. Cargo ships from Guayaquil and Manta were filled with his merchandise and headed to the Gulf of Panama. His business prospered as more and more Gold Rush prospectors arrived and passed through Panama needing a hat for the sun. One

title: Engineering controls

text: Engineering controls Engineering controls are strategies designed to protect workers from hazardous conditions by placing a barrier between the worker and the hazard or by removing a hazardous substance through air ventilation. Engineering controls involve a physical change to the workplace itself, rather than relying on workers' behavior or requiring workers to wear protective clothing. Engineering controls is the third of five members of the hierarchy of hazard controls, which orders control strategies by their feasibility and effectiveness. Engineering controls are preferred over administrative controls and personal protective equipment (PPE) because they are designed to remove the hazard at the

title: Excavator controls

text: Excavator controls Excavator controls specifies ways of how a human operator controls the digging components (i.e. swing, boom, stick, bucket) of a piece of heavy machinery, such as a backhoe or an excavator. The most commonly used control pattern throughout the world is the ISO controls. In the ISO control pattern, the left hand joystick controls Swing (left & right) and the Stick Boom (away & close), and the right hand joystick controls the Main Boom (up & down) and Bucket motions (close & dump). Beside ISO, the SAE controls is one most common control patterns in the United States.

title: Italians in Panama

text: In other words: of the total population of Panama that was of about 4 millions in that year, approximately 400,000 are white and the descendants of Italians are nearly 100,000. Italians in Panama The Italians in Panama are Italians resident (3,688 in 2011) in Panama and Panamanian citizens who are mainly descendant of Italians attracted by the construction of the Panama Canal, between the 19th and twentieth century. The history of Italian immigrants in Panama begins from 1510, when several Italian citizens decided to emigrate to Panama City founded by Pedrarias Davila. From 1520 some Genovese merchants ruled the commerce

title: Panama City Panama Temple

text: it has been dedicated only members of the church in good standing can enter. The temple's dedication was held on August 10, 2008 in four sessions. Prior to the dedication, a cultural celebration was held including performances by Panamanian youth members of the church. Panama City Panama Temple The Panama City Panama Temple is the 127th operating temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). It was announced in 2002 and was dedicated on August 10, 2008 by church president Thomas S. Monson. Located in Cárdenas, a suburb of Panama City, it is the first church

title: Panama City Panama Temple

text: Quorum of the Seventy and the president of the church's Central America Area. On May 4, 2007, a statue of the angel Moroni was added to the temple's spire. The temple is adjacent to the LDS Church's Cárdenas Ward meetinghouse, close to the Panama Canal. The Panama City Panama Temple serves Latter-day Saints in all of Panama. There are 39,000 Latter-day Saints in Panama in seven stakes and eight mission districts. The open house for the temple began on the July 11 and ended on July 26, 2008. During the open house, the temple was open to everyone; however, since

title: Panama Canal Railway

text: power the pumps and controls on the canal's locks, and other new technology. They built extensive electrical generation and distribution systems, one of the first large-scale uses of large electrical motors. Electricity-powered donkey engines pulled the ships through the locks on railroad tracks laid parallel to the locks. New technology not available in the 1850s allowed enormous earth cuts and fills to be used on the new railroad that were many times larger than those done in the original 1851–55 construction. The rebuilt, much improved, and often rerouted Panama Railway continued alongside the new canal and across Gatun Lake. The

title: Security controls

text: manage security controls across different types of assets with consistency. Numerous information security standards promote good security practices and define frameworks or systems to structure the analysis and design for managing information security controls. Some of the most well known are outlined below. ISO/IEC 27001 specifies 114 controls in 14 groups: From NIST Special Publication SP 800-53 revision 4. From DoD Instruction 8500.2 there are 8 Information Assurance (IA) areas and the controls are referred to as IA controls. DoD assigns the IA control per CIA Triad leg. In telecommunications, security controls are defined as Security services as part of

title: Administrative controls

text: they require workers or employers to actively think or comply with regulations and do not offer permanent solutions to problems. Generally, administrative controls are cheaper to begin, but they may become more expensive over time as higher failure rates and the need for constant training or re-certification eclipse the initial investments of the three more desirable hazard controls in the hierarchy. The U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health recommends administrative controls when hazards cannot be removed or changed, and engineering controls are not practical. Some common examples of administrative controls include work practice controls such as prohibiting mouth

title: Engineering controls

text: control. The U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health researches engineering control technologies, and provides information on their details and effectiveness in the NIOSH Engineering Controls Database. Engineering controls Engineering controls are strategies designed to protect workers from hazardous conditions by placing a barrier between the worker and the hazard or by removing a hazardous substance through air ventilation. Engineering controls involve a physical change to the workplace itself, rather than relying on workers' behavior or requiring workers to wear protective clothing. Engineering controls is the third of five members of the hierarchy of hazard controls, which orders control

title: Advantage Controls

text: Advantage Controls Advantage Controls is a family-owned company based in Muskogee, Oklahoma that specializes in water treatment equipment and accessories. In 2014, the company was awarded with the Governor’s Award for Excellence in Exporting, by Oklahoma’s Secretary of State Chris Benge. Advantage Controls has equipment in every continent barring Antarctica. Advantage Controls was started in 1994, in the 1,100 foot garage of the owner Dick Morris and son Chris Morris in Downtown Muskogee, Oklahoma. In 1995, Dan Morris assumed control of Advantage Controls and remains as CEO of the company. Since its establishment in 1994, the Advantage Controls plant has

title: Car controls

text: and pump the gas pedal at the same time. Some other historical engine controls, which are automated in modern passenger cars, were the choke valve, ignition timing, and spark arrestor. In the past, all cars had manual controls for starting and running the engine. Now, modern cars not only have automated controls, but they also have controls that are not directly used to drive the vehicle. These controls include air conditioning, navigation systems, on-board computers, in-car entertainment, windscreen wiper, and touchscreen panels. These controls vary in scope and design between different types of cars. They may also be located and

title: Juxtaposed controls

text: These are not formal border controls, but checks that the airlines are required to perform. Border controls still take place at the arrival airport. Juxtaposed controls Juxtaposed controls (in , or ; in ) are an arrangement between Belgium, France, and the United Kingdom whereby border control on certain cross-Channel routes take place before boarding the train or ferry, rather than upon arrival after disembarkation. With the exception of the Eurotunnel route, customs checks remain unaffected by juxtaposed immigration controls and continue to take place upon arrival after disembarkation. While the juxtaposed controls existed previously, Brexit in 2018 is expected

title: Excavator controls

text: single switch, to change the operating mode from SAE to ISO and, from ISO to SAE ("Wacker Neuson" ). Excavator controls Excavator controls specifies ways of how a human operator controls the digging components (i.e. swing, boom, stick, bucket) of a piece of heavy machinery, such as a backhoe or an excavator. The most commonly used control pattern throughout the world is the ISO controls. In the ISO control pattern, the left hand joystick controls Swing (left & right) and the Stick Boom (away & close), and the right hand joystick controls the Main Boom (up & down) and Bucket

title: Panama

text: the Real Audiencia of Panama was established, initially with jurisdiction from Nicaragua to Cape Horn, until the conquest of Peru. A Real Audiencia was a judicial district that functioned as an appeals court. Each audiencia had an "oidor" (Spanish: hearer, a judge). Spanish authorities had little control over much of the territory of Panama. Large sections managed to resist conquest and missionization until very late in the colonial era. Because of this, indigenous people of the area were often referred to as "indios de guerra" (war Indians) who resisted Spanish attempts to conquer them or missionize them. However, Panama was

title: Panama

text: the world in terms of the Human Development Index. Since 2010, Panama has been the second-most competitive economy in Latin America, according to the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Index. Covering around 40 percent of its land area, Panama's jungles are home to an abundance of tropical plants and animals – some of them found nowhere else on the planet. Panama is a founding member of the United Nations and other international organizations such as OAS, LAIA, G77, WHO and NAM. The definite origin of the name "Panama" is ultimately unknown. There are several theories. One postulates that the country

title: Prudential capital controls

text: the very few cases that prudential capital control measures were indeed effective. Other countries who ever took the prudential measures on capital controls are Croatia, Korea, Romania, Colombia, Thailand and Philippines etc. It could be extremely hard to identify the “true” causal links between the prudential capital controls and the economic stability, financial development and economic growth with the conventional econometric tools. Therefore, the empirical evidences can be hard to directly infer on the effectiveness of prudential capital controls not to mention the mixed findings themselves. For example, if the reduced volatility could be explained by prudential inflow measures, then

title: Business Controls Corporation

text: Business Controls Corporation Business Controls Corporation is a private held computer company that developed an application-program-generator and also a series of accounting software packages. These packages were widely enough used for various business magazines to have back-of-the-book ads for companies seeking accountants with experience in one or more of them. Computer magazines ran coverage for their SB-5 application-program-generator as from time to time new versions were released, each with new or improved features. The company's initial offerings were packages for the DEC PDP-8, although Business Controls Corporation also wrote custom-written programs for customers. Large customers with mainframes who also used

title: Engineering controls for nanomaterials

text: Engineering controls for nanomaterials Engineering controls for nanomaterials are a set of hazard control methods and equipment for workers who interact with nanomaterials. Engineering controls are physical changes to the workplace that isolate workers from hazards, and are considered the most important set of methods for controlling the health and safety hazards of nanomaterials after systems and facilities have been designed. The primary hazard of nanomaterials is health effects from inhalation of aerosols containing nanoparticles. Many engineering controls developed for other industries can be used or adapted for protecting workers from exposure to nanomaterials, including ventilation and filtering using laboratory

title: Panama Limited

text: on February 1, 1981. Amtrak hoped to capitalize on the popularity of the eponymous song written by Steve Goodman and recorded in 1972 by Arlo Guthrie. A song immortalizing the train under its original name is credited to blues singer Bukka White, who recorded it in the 1930s. "The Panama Limited" was popularized by folk singer Tom Rush on his self-titled debut album in 1965 and was recorded later by folk musicians Mike Cross and Doug MacLeod. A British band of the late 1960s and early 1970s called itself Panama Limited Jug Band, later shortened to Panama Limited. Panama Limited

title: Panama Canal

text: by Panamanian rebels who aimed to separate from Colombia, and hoped that the United States would support the rebels with US troops and money. Roosevelt changed tactics, based in part on the Mallarino–Bidlack Treaty of 1846, and actively supported the separation of Panama from Colombia. Shortly after recognizing Panama, he signed a treaty with the new Panamanian government under terms similar to the Hay–Herrán Treaty. On November 2, 1903, US warships blocked sea lanes against possible Colombian troop movements en route to put down the Panama rebellion. Panama declared independence on November 3, 1903. The United States quickly recognized the

title: Panama Papers

text: against the journalists and all those who had participated. He said the project name damaged the integrity, dignity and sovereignty of the country. and that the consortium would have to assume legal responsibility for all damage caused to the Panamanian nation. A Change.org petition requested the ICIJ stop using the name of Panama as in the Panama Papers. The request said the generally- accepted name for the investigation "damage(d) the image" of Panama. Attorney General of Panama Kenia Isolda Porcell Diaz announced on January 24, 2017 that he was suspending the investigations against Mossack Fonseca because it filed an appeal

title: Panama Sal

text: it abroad to Patricia, who angrily begins a romantic fling with Moray. Ortego travels to California to demand Sal return to Panama and to confront Dennis, who proposes another wager, that he be given two weeks to make her a star. Patricia also turns up and announces herself to be about to marry Dennis, just to annoy Sal. In the end, though, Sal's debut musical performance is a sensation, and she and Dennis end up in love. Panama Sal Panama Sal is a 1957 American musical comedy film directed by William Witney and written by Arnold Belgard. The film stars

title: The Panama Deception

text: U.S. government invaded Panama primarily to destroy the PDF, the Panamanian Defense Forces, who were perceived as a threat to U.S. control over Panama, and to install a government friendly to U.S. interests. The film includes footage of mass graves uncovered after the American troops had withdrawn, burned down neighborhoods, as well as depictions of some of the 20,000 refugees who fled the fighting. The Panama Deception The Panama Deception is a 1992 American documentary film that won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. The film is critical of the actions of the U.S. military during the 1989 invasion

title: Martyrs' Day (Panama)

text: all sensitive documents. A number of U.S. citizen residents of Panama City, particularly military personnel and their families who were unable to get housing on base, were forced to flee their homes. There were many instances in which Panamanians gave refuge to Americans who were endangered in Panama City and elsewhere. The confrontation was not contained in the Panama City area. Word of the fighting quickly spread all over Panama by radio, television and private telephone calls. The incomplete censorship had the side effect of contributing to wild rumors on all sides. One popular but inaccurate Zonian rumor, fueled in

title: Women in Panama

text: Women in Panama Women in Panama are the women who live in or are from Panama. Panamanian women, by tradition, are Hispanic and they are treated as equal to men, accorded with "deference and respect". Young women in Panama, particularly those who are single, are regarded as persons with "very high symbolic status", including giving them roles as Carnaval Queens. One particular example of this type of reverence of female adolescents is the celebration of the "inna suid" by the Kuna Indians, which is a three-day celebration of the adolescent girls' coming of age. Some Panamanian women occupy high positions

title: Panama, New York

text: Lot 50 in 1825. He was born in 1802 in Oneida County, New York. About 1827 he married Rhoda Powers (born 1806). Together they cleared land to make a living. George died in 1883 and Rhoda in 1900. Rhoda's father was Simeon Powers, who established a Baptist church in the area. George's parents are unknown. Both are buried in Panama Union cemetery under one headstone. The U.S. Post Office at Panama was established in 1826. That was the first, officially recorded, use of the name "Panama". The traditional story is that Panama got its name from someone who had been

title: Parental controls

text: Parental controls Parental controls are features which may be included in digital television services, computer and video games, mobile devices and software that allow parents to restrict the access of content to their children. These controls were created to assist parents in their ability to restrict certain content view able by their children. This may be content they deem inappropriate for their age, maturity level or feel is aimed more at an adult audience. Parental controls fall into roughly four categories: "content filters", which limit access to age inappropriate content; "usage controls", which constrain the usage of these devices such

title: Administrative controls

text: pipetting and recapping of needles, as well as rotating worker shifts in coal mines to prevent hearing loss. Other examples include hours of service regulations for commercial vehicle operators, warning signage for hazards, and regular maintenance of equipment. Administrative controls Administrative controls are training, procedure, policy, or shift designs that lessen the threat of a hazard to an individual. Administrative controls typically change the behavior of people (e.g., factory workers) rather than removing the actual hazard or providing personal protective equipment (PPE). Administrative controls are fourth in larger hierarchy of hazard controls, which ranks the effectiveness and efficiency of hazard

title: Advantage Controls

text: Advantage, that allows the controller to be remotely monitored and sends email to keep users informed. Advantage Controls also offers the NanoTron, MicroTron, and analog controllers. Advantage Controls Advantage Controls is a family-owned company based in Muskogee, Oklahoma that specializes in water treatment equipment and accessories. In 2014, the company was awarded with the Governor’s Award for Excellence in Exporting, by Oklahoma’s Secretary of State Chris Benge. Advantage Controls has equipment in every continent barring Antarctica. Advantage Controls was started in 1994, in the 1,100 foot garage of the owner Dick Morris and son Chris Morris in Downtown Muskogee, Oklahoma.

title: KMC Controls

text: KMC Controls offers controllers and software in its KMDigital line using a proprietary protocol as well as a BACnet line with an open systems protocol. The BACnet communication protocol, developed by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), became an industry standard in the 2000s because of the desire for "open" communication systems. KMC Controls products and services have won a number of industry awards. KMC Controls KMC Controls (formerly Kreuter Manufacturing Company) has designed and manufactured HVAC control system products and building automation systems since 1969. KMC was one of the early privately held controls manufacturer

title: Teledyne Controls

text: Teledyne Controls Teledyne Controls is a business unit of Teledyne Technologies Incorporated (NYSE: TDY). Created in 1964, the company designs and manufactures onboard avionic and ground-based electronic systems for the aviation industry. Teledyne Controls is headquartered in El Segundo (Los Angeles area), California, and has locations in the US and the UK, as well as sales offices in Toulouse, France; Tokyo, Japan; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Beijing, China; and Singapore. In 1964, Teledyne Industries, Inc. purchased Servomechanisms Inc., which became Teledyne Systems Company, Controls Systems Division, located in El Segundo, California. In 1971 the Controls Systems Division

title: Aero Controls

text: Blood Mobile. Aero Controls Aero Controls, Inc. is an aerospace engineering company founded in October 1984 by John Titus, the CEO and President of the Company, headquartered in Seattle, Washington. It is a minority-owned, FAA certified repair station. The company overhauls, repairs, sells, exchanges and modifies components of aircraft. It opened a satellite location in Shelton, Washington in 1993. In 1995 Aero Controls was presented with the Federal Express Minority Supplier of the Year Award. In 1996 the Company acquired Aero Systems Aviation Corp. in Miami. In 2006 Aero Controls Avionics was merged with Aero Controls, Inc. In 2007 the

title: Aero Controls

text: Aero Controls Aero Controls, Inc. is an aerospace engineering company founded in October 1984 by John Titus, the CEO and President of the Company, headquartered in Seattle, Washington. It is a minority-owned, FAA certified repair station. The company overhauls, repairs, sells, exchanges and modifies components of aircraft. It opened a satellite location in Shelton, Washington in 1993. In 1995 Aero Controls was presented with the Federal Express Minority Supplier of the Year Award. In 1996 the Company acquired Aero Systems Aviation Corp. in Miami. In 2006 Aero Controls Avionics was merged with Aero Controls, Inc. In 2007 the company acquired

title: Universal controls

text: Policy Decision Point (PDPs) with devices, systems and applications for applying universal controls. With universal controls, companies that manage information risks benefit from: Universal controls Universal controls is a term used within information risk management and information risk assessment (auditing) to represent an information control that can be enforced across multiple applications, systems, or platforms. Universal controls are based on a universal policy language, such as XACML. Business users and policy analysts can define one set of policies and procedures, then apply it consistently throughout the enterprise, across user identity, roles, business context, time, locations, and dynamically-created groups. The same

title: Universal controls

text: Universal controls Universal controls is a term used within information risk management and information risk assessment (auditing) to represent an information control that can be enforced across multiple applications, systems, or platforms. Universal controls are based on a universal policy language, such as XACML. Business users and policy analysts can define one set of policies and procedures, then apply it consistently throughout the enterprise, across user identity, roles, business context, time, locations, and dynamically-created groups. The same information controls are rapidly deployed across multiple resources, spanning multiple enterprise systems. Universal controls, built on a 4GL business language, integrate and interoperate

title: Parental controls

text: applications to access the Internet directly rather than going through the proxy, then this control is easily bypassed. Proxy servers themselves may be used to circumvent parental controls. There are other techniques used to bypass parental controls. The computer usage management method, unlike content filters, is focused on empowering the parents to balance the computing environment for children by regulating gaming. The main idea of these applications is to allow parents to introduce a learning component into the computing time of children, who must earn gaming time while working through educational contents. Lately network-based parental control devices have emerged. These

title: Foreign exchange controls

text: Foreign exchange controls Foreign exchange controls are various forms of controls imposed by a government on the purchase/sale of foreign currencies by residents or on the purchase/sale of local currency by nonresidents. Common foreign exchange controls include: Countries with foreign exchange controls are also known as "Article 14 countries", after the provision in the International Monetary Fund agreement allowing exchange controls for transitional economies. Such controls used to be common in most countries, particularly poorer ones, until the 1990s when free trade and globalization started a trend towards economic liberalization. Today, countries that still impose exchange controls are the exception

title: Islam in Panama

text: a Muslim cemetery. As of March 1997, there were four mosques Panama. Islam in Panama According to a 2009 Pew Research Center report, there are 24,000 Muslims in Panama who constitute 0.7 percent of the population. The first Muslims in Panama were Mandinka slaves, brought by the Spaniards to work the gold mines in 1552. The Mandinka were mainly animist and Muslims at that time, and their importation was prohibited by Spanish Laws but was violated nonetheless. A group of about 500 that arrived on the Atlantic coast of Panama in 1552, escaped from a sinking ship. They elected a

title: History of Panama

text: assembly, where the fate of the country would be decided. Every region in Panama attended the assembly, including the former loyalist region of Veraguas, which was eventually convinced to join the revolution, due to the sheer fact that nothing more could be done for the royalist presence in Panama. Thus, on November 28, 1821, the national assembly was convened and Independence Act of Panama was officially declared (through Fábrega, who was invested with the title of Head of State of Panama) that the isthmus of Panama had severed its ties with the Spanish Empire and its decision to join New

title: Panama Joe Gans

text: recorded fight was at Balboa Stadium in Mayaguez, Puerto Rico against Francisco Soler on June 10, 1928. Panama Joe lost the ten round bout. Panama Joe's professional boxing career extended for a period of roughly fifteen years. Little has been published about his later life or his death. Panama Joe Gans Panama Joe Gans was a black boxer who held the World Colored Middleweight Championship for four years, shortly before it was discontinued. Born Cyril Quinton Jr. on November 14, 1896 in Barbados, British West Indies and raised in the Panama Canal Zone, the 5'7" Quinton originally fought out of

title: Panama, New York

text: Panama, New York Panama is a village in Chautauqua County, New York, United States. The population was 479 at the 2010 census. Panama is in the northwest part of the town of Harmony, at the junction of State Route 474 (Main Street) and County Route 33. The village is named after Panama Rocks, a large rock formation south of the village. Paleozoic fossils are visible in the outcrops. This site has become a tourist attraction, and the owners charge admission at the gate. The village of Panama was incorporated in 1861. Among many early settlers was George Hawkins, who purchased

title: Environmental Waste Controls

text: $46,900,000. Other present day (as of 2010) functions and services include- EWC PLC with its sub department of trade and export in strong business and trade with British manufactures and suppliers of the field of scrap. Environmental Waste Controls Environmental Waste Controls plc (EWC) is a privately held Merseyside- based UK company, who provide waste management and recycling solutions for various types of industry. It was first founded by Bill Edwards in 1993, who initially started the business from his bedroom; the concept was to offer a total transparent and fixed-price waste and recycling management package. During the first six

title: Environmental Waste Controls

text: Environmental Waste Controls Environmental Waste Controls plc (EWC) is a privately held Merseyside- based UK company, who provide waste management and recycling solutions for various types of industry. It was first founded by Bill Edwards in 1993, who initially started the business from his bedroom; the concept was to offer a total transparent and fixed-price waste and recycling management package. During the first six months of developing the business, EWC carried out extensive product research and market testing with several pilot projects with local NHS Trusts, following the success of these projects the product supply line, marketing strategy and concept

title: Information technology controls

text: Information technology controls In business and accounting, information technology controls (or IT controls) are specific activities performed by persons or systems designed to ensure that business objectives are met. They are a subset of an enterprise's internal control. IT control objectives relate to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data and the overall management of the IT function of the business enterprise. IT controls are often described in two categories: IT general controls (ITGC) and IT application controls. ITGC include controls over the Information Technology (IT) environment, computer operations, access to programs and data, program development and program changes. IT

title: Security controls

text: OSI Reference model These are technically aligned. This model is widely recognized There are a wide range of frameworks and standards looking at internal business, and inter-business controls, including: Security controls Security controls are safeguards or countermeasures to avoid, detect, counteract, or minimize security risks to physical property, information, computer systems, or other assets. They can be classified by several criteria. For example, according to the time that they act, relative to a security incident: According to their nature, for example: A similar categorization distinguishes control involving people, technology and operations/processes. In the field of information security, such controls protect

title: Security controls

text: Security controls Security controls are safeguards or countermeasures to avoid, detect, counteract, or minimize security risks to physical property, information, computer systems, or other assets. They can be classified by several criteria. For example, according to the time that they act, relative to a security incident: According to their nature, for example: A similar categorization distinguishes control involving people, technology and operations/processes. In the field of information security, such controls protect the confidentiality, integrity and/or availability of information - the so-called CIA Triad Systems of controls can be referred to as frameworks or standards. Frameworks can enable an organization to

title: Johnson Controls

text: 240 locations worldwide. On June 6, 2015, Johnson Controls had scheduled an exit from the automotive seating business to concentrate on core business of building ventilation and automotive batteries. On January 12, 2016 Johnson Controls announced that its remaining Automotive Experience holdings will spin-off and become Adient Plc. This will be finalized on October 1, 2016, and begin to be publicly traded on the NYSE as ticker symbol ADNT on October 3, 2016. Johnson Controls Johnson Controls International plc is a multinational conglomerate headquartered in Cork, Ireland, that produces automotive parts such as batteries, and electronics and HVAC equipment for

title: Johnson Controls

text: death in 1911, the company decided to focus on its temperature control business for nonresidential buildings. The company was renamed Johnson Controls in 1974. In 1978, Johnson Controls acquired battery company Globe-Union. In 1985, Johnson Controls acquired automotive seating companies Hoover Universal and Ferro Manufacturing. During the 2008–2009 recession, the company's president, Keith Wandell, lobbied Congress for a bailout of the companies that Johnson supplied. The Johnson Controls plant in Lakeshore, Ontario, closed in late March 2010 and the property was sold. In 2013, Stephen Roell retired and Alex Molinaroli took his position as CEO and chairman of the board.

title: Parental controls

text: parents to monitor social media accounts. Parents are able to view posts, pictures, and any interactions in real time. Another function of this software is to keep track of bullying. Most internet providers offer no-cost filtering options to limit internet browsing options and block unsuitable content. Implementing parental controls and discussing internet safety are useful steps to protect children from inappropriate information. Although parental controls can protect children, they also come with some negative factors. Children's anxiety may increase due to parental controls. Several methods of bypassing parental controls can be used. Filtering that occurs outside of the individuals computer

title: Price controls

text: 1980s. "The Theory of Price Controls" by Stephanie Laguerodie et Francisco Vergara (de Review of Political Economy, October 2008) Price controls Price controls are governmental restrictions on the prices that can be charged for goods and services in a market. The intent behind implementing such controls can stem from the desire to maintain affordability of goods even during shortages, and to slow inflation, or, alternatively, to ensure a minimum income for providers of certain goods or a minimum wage. There are two primary forms of price control, a price ceiling, the maximum price that can be charged, and a price

title: Price controls

text: larger incomes policy package also employing wage controls and other regulatory elements. Although price controls are sometimes used by governments, economists usually agree that price controls don't accomplish what they are intended to do and are generally to be avoided. For example, nearly three-quarters of economists surveyed disagreed with the statement, "Wage-price controls are a useful policy option in the control of inflation." The Roman Emperor Diocletian tried to set maximum prices for all commodities in the late 3rd century AD but with little success. In early 14th century, the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji instituted several market reforms, which

title: Price controls

text: Price controls Price controls are governmental restrictions on the prices that can be charged for goods and services in a market. The intent behind implementing such controls can stem from the desire to maintain affordability of goods even during shortages, and to slow inflation, or, alternatively, to ensure a minimum income for providers of certain goods or a minimum wage. There are two primary forms of price control, a price ceiling, the maximum price that can be charged, and a price floor, the minimum price that can be charged. Historically, price controls have often been imposed as part of a

title: Tank controls

text: 3D games. Most first-person shooter games still use a version of tank controls with the WASD keys, but the use of a mouse or analog stick makes turning easy. Tank controls Tank controls refers to a control system used in video games. In a game with tank controls, players control movement relative to the position of the player character. Pressing up (for example on a D-pad, analog stick, or cursor movement keys) on the game controller moves the character in the direction they face, down reverses them, and left and right rotates them. This differs from many 3D games, in

title: Tank controls

text: stop completely before turning. Tank controls were common in 3D games in the late 1990s, such as "Grim Fandango" and the early "Resident Evil" and "Tomb Raider" games. Tank controls allow players to maintain a direction when the camera angle changes. "Grim Fandango" designer Tim Schafer chose the system as it allowed the developers to create "cinematic" camera cuts without disrupting the controls. Tank controls have received criticism for feeling stiff or cumbersome, and the remastered versions of "Grim Fandango" and "Resident Evil" include alternative control schemes. The system became less prevalent over time and free-roaming cameras became standard for

title: Tank controls

text: Tank controls Tank controls refers to a control system used in video games. In a game with tank controls, players control movement relative to the position of the player character. Pressing up (for example on a D-pad, analog stick, or cursor movement keys) on the game controller moves the character in the direction they face, down reverses them, and left and right rotates them. This differs from many 3D games, in which characters move in the direction players push from the perspective of the camera. The term "tank controls" comes from the steering mechanisms of old tanks, which had to

title: Engineering controls

text: source, before it comes in contact with the worker. Well-designed engineering controls can be highly effective in protecting workers and will typically be independent of worker interactions to provide this high level of protection. The initial cost of engineering controls can be higher than the cost of administrative controls or PPE, but over the longer term, operating costs are frequently lower, and in some instances, can provide a cost savings in other areas of the process. Elimination and substitution are usually considered to be separate levels of hazard controls, but in some schemes they are categorized as types of engineering

title: Loci Controls

text: odor complaints can be instantly addressed." Loci Controls Loci Controls, Inc. is a developer of wireless sensor and actor network (WSAN) devices. Loci Controls develops hardware and software utilizing a wireless sensor network to optimize the extraction of methane from landfills through better landfill gas monitoring, The company was founded by two MIT graduates, Andrew Campanella and Melinda Hale in 2012. Loci Controls received a grant from the Massachusetts Clean Energy Center in the amount of $40,000 USD in January 2014 as a partial section of its Catalyst Program. The program invests in new researchers and companies. Loci's technology is

title: Loci Controls

text: Loci Controls Loci Controls, Inc. is a developer of wireless sensor and actor network (WSAN) devices. Loci Controls develops hardware and software utilizing a wireless sensor network to optimize the extraction of methane from landfills through better landfill gas monitoring, The company was founded by two MIT graduates, Andrew Campanella and Melinda Hale in 2012. Loci Controls received a grant from the Massachusetts Clean Energy Center in the amount of $40,000 USD in January 2014 as a partial section of its Catalyst Program. The program invests in new researchers and companies. Loci's technology is designed for energy producing landfills, by

title: Car controls

text: operated differently in other road vehicles such as motorcycles, where the throttle is controlled by a hand lever and the gear shift is operated by a pedal. Some types of vehicle controls are found in rail vehicles. For example, some trams and light rail vehicles like the PCC streetcar use automobile-style pedals to control the speed. In Formula One auto racing, many vehicle parameters can be set by the driver during a race. Controls for these are mounted on the steering wheel, and can include controls for: brake balance, differential, ignition timing, regenerative brake, rev limiter, and others. Car controls

title: Car controls

text: Car controls Car controls are the components in automobiles and other powered road vehicles, such as trucks and buses, used for driving and parking. While controls like steering wheels and pedals have existed since the invention of cars, other controls have developed and adapted to the demands of drivers. For example, manual transmissions became less common as technology relating to semi-automatic and automatic transmissions advanced. Earlier versions of headlights and signal lights were fueled by acetylene or oil. Acetylene was preferred to oil, because its flame is resistant to both wind and rain. Acetylene headlights were popular until 1898, when

title: KMC Controls

text: KMC Controls KMC Controls (formerly Kreuter Manufacturing Company) has designed and manufactured HVAC control system products and building automation systems since 1969. KMC was one of the early privately held controls manufacturer with a full line of digital, electronic, and pneumatic products in the United States. The latest products include BACnet digital controllers and thermostats. KMC is a member of the United States Green Building Council. Building automation products, such as those manufactured by KMC controls, provide tools for achieving prerequisites and credits for LEED certification in the categories of Indoor Environmental Quality, Energy and Atmosphere, Sustainable Sites, and Water

title: Juxtaposed controls

text: Juxtaposed controls Juxtaposed controls (in , or ; in ) are an arrangement between Belgium, France, and the United Kingdom whereby border control on certain cross-Channel routes take place before boarding the train or ferry, rather than upon arrival after disembarkation. With the exception of the Eurotunnel route, customs checks remain unaffected by juxtaposed immigration controls and continue to take place upon arrival after disembarkation. While the juxtaposed controls existed previously, Brexit in 2018 is expected to require an increase at border control. For this reason, it is expected that the UK will have to contribute more to the border.

title: Media controls

text: Media controls In digital electronics, analogue electronics and entertainment, the user interface of media may include media controls or player controls, to enact and change or adjust the process of watching film or listening to audio. These widely known symbols can be found in a multitude of software products, exemplifying what is known as dominant design. These are common icons on physical devices and application software. They are commonly found on portable media players, VCRs, DVD players, record players, remote controls, tape players and multimedia keyboards. Their application is described in ISO/IEC 18035. The main symbols date back to the

title: Leslie Controls

text: when it spun off valve and control businesses relating to oil and gas. Leslie Controls website Leslie Controls Leslie Controls, Inc., part of the Thermal Fluid Division of Circor International Inc., is a manufacturer of industrial water heaters, control systems and regulators headquartered in Tampa, Florida. It is one of two major manufacturers of train horns in North America, the other being Nathan Manufacturing, Inc.. In addition to air horns, Leslie Controls manufactures control valves, shutoff valves, control instrumentation, steam conditioning systems, steam water heaters and regulators. Leslie has a service center located in Tampa, which remanufacture valves made by

title: ASI Controls

text: ASI Controls ASI Controls is a private United States company founded in 1986 in San Ramon, California. The company took its name from the core mission of providing application-specific intelligent controls for the newly emerging distributed digital control market. The founders were a small team led by William F. "Bill" Chapman and Don Evans. Bill Chapman was chair of the ASHRAE Technical Committee in the late 1970s and early 1980s. After seeing the potential for digital controls to improve both the comfort and energy management provided by building climate-control systems, Chapman sketched out a vision for future Distributed control system

title: Port of Panama City

text: Port of Panama City The Port of Panama City is a port located on the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway in Panama City, Florida. The port is overseen by the Port Authority of Panama City which was initiated in 1945. Originally the deed for the land of the Port Panama City was conducted for Panama City Shipbuilding Corporation on January 21, 1939. The land was known as the Wainwright Shipyard because of the high production of ships and tankers created for World War II which lasted from July 1942 to 1945. At the time, the shipyard had 18,000 to 30,000 workers who

title: Engineering controls for nanomaterials

text: nanomaterials to reduce their electrostatic charge, making them less likely to disperse or adhere to clothing. Water spray application is also an effective method for reducing respirable dust concentrations. Engineering controls for nanomaterials Engineering controls for nanomaterials are a set of hazard control methods and equipment for workers who interact with nanomaterials. Engineering controls are physical changes to the workplace that isolate workers from hazards, and are considered the most important set of methods for controlling the health and safety hazards of nanomaterials after systems and facilities have been designed. The primary hazard of nanomaterials is health effects from inhalation

title: Information technology controls

text: with providing a secure shared drive for storage of the spreadsheets and data backup. The business personnel are responsible for the remainder. Information technology controls In business and accounting, information technology controls (or IT controls) are specific activities performed by persons or systems designed to ensure that business objectives are met. They are a subset of an enterprise's internal control. IT control objectives relate to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data and the overall management of the IT function of the business enterprise. IT controls are often described in two categories: IT general controls (ITGC) and IT application controls.

title: GE Automation & Controls

text: GE Intelligent Platforms, Inc. changed its name to Automation & Controls upon acquisition of Alstom's Power Automation & Controls business. In 2018, amidst ambitious restructuration plans for the whole General Electric group, it was announced that Emerson Electric was to acquire Intelligent Platforms, with the deal being effective in the first half of the following year. GE Automation & Controls General Electric Automation and Controls division combines what was formerly known as GE Intelligent Platforms and Alstom's Power Automation and Controls. GE Automation and Controls produce power and cooling products, distributed control systems, remote monitoring and diagnostics, and support services

title: Argentine currency controls (2011–15)

text: Argentine currency controls (2011–15) Argentina installed foreign exchange controls in 2011, at the beginning of the second presidency of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. Those controls limited the ability to buy or sell any foreign currency. The restriction was informally known in Argentina as "Cepo cambiario" (). The controls were lifted in December 2015, at the beginning of the presidency of Mauricio Macri. The first restrictions were imposed on October 31, 2011. The Tax and Customs Authority, AFIP, required that individuals and businesses who sought to buy dollars request permission, which may depend of the financial status of the buyer. However,

title: Diablo, Panama

text: The building later housed one of the first Panamanian stores to set up shop in the former Canal Zone, a 24-hour convenience store aptly named "24 Horas", but the building remained for the most part vacant and neglected. In 1979, about half of the neighborhood became the property of the Republic of Panama, while the remainder continued to be held by the Panama Canal Commission (the new incarnation of the Panama Canal Company/government). The streets were named after engineers who built or worked on the canal including Alfred Nobel (and maybe a Canal Zone Governor or two). They were the

title: Panama Papers

text: the many family members of the ruling elite who have channelled money through the BVI", both figures exceed Chinese investment in the United States and United Kingdom. China's government is suppressing mention of the Panama Papers on social media and in search engines results, and reportedly told news organizations to delete all content related to the Panama Papers leak. Chinese authorities consider the material a concerted foreign media attack on China, and ordered Internet information offices to delete reports reprinted from the Panama Papers, and with no exceptions not to follow up on related content. Hong Lei, spokesman for China's

title: Panama (jazz standard)

text: Panama (jazz standard) Panama (sometimes incorrectly called Panama Rag) is a jazz standard. It is by William H. Tyers, originally entitled "Panama, a Characteristic Novelty", published in 1912. As expected of a jazz standard, it has been played and recorded by a number of jazz legends including the New Orleans Rhythm Kings, Luis Russell, Kid Ory, the Eureka Brass Band, Humphrey Lyttelton and many others. The famous trumpet variation commonly played by New Orleans, Louisiana bands and those influenced by the New Orleans style, was reportedly devised by Manuel Manetta who first taught it to his star trumpet pupils Emmett

title: Islam in Panama

text: Islam in Panama According to a 2009 Pew Research Center report, there are 24,000 Muslims in Panama who constitute 0.7 percent of the population. The first Muslims in Panama were Mandinka slaves, brought by the Spaniards to work the gold mines in 1552. The Mandinka were mainly animist and Muslims at that time, and their importation was prohibited by Spanish Laws but was violated nonetheless. A group of about 500 that arrived on the Atlantic coast of Panama in 1552, escaped from a sinking ship. They elected a man called Bayano (Vaino) as their leader in the fight against the

title: History of Panama

text: relationship between Panama and Bogotá would persist for a century. In 1819, New Granada finally achieved freedom from Spain. Panama and the other regions of former New Granada were therefore technically free. Panama considered union with Peru or with Central America in federations that were emerging in the region. Finally it was won over by Venezuela's Simón Bolívar, who, after residing in Jacmel, Haiti, was given 2 armies to liberate South America. Bolívar's ambitious project of a Gran Colombia (1819–1830) was taking shape. Then, timing the action with the rest of the Central American isthmus, Panama declared independence in 1821

title: Music of Panama

text: slang used in Panama are lyrics from Altamiranda's songs. Music of Panama Panama is a Central American country, inhabited mostly by mestizos (persons of mixed African, European and indigenous ancestry). The music of Panama was influenced first by the indigenous populations of Kunas, Teribes, Nobe Bugle and others, and then by the black population who were brought over, first as slaves from Africa, between the 16th century and the 19th century, and then voluntarily (especially from Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados, Martinique, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Saint Lucia) to work on the Panamanian Railroad and Canal projects between the 1840s and 1914.

title: Music of Panama

text: Music of Panama Panama is a Central American country, inhabited mostly by mestizos (persons of mixed African, European and indigenous ancestry). The music of Panama was influenced first by the indigenous populations of Kunas, Teribes, Nobe Bugle and others, and then by the black population who were brought over, first as slaves from Africa, between the 16th century and the 19th century, and then voluntarily (especially from Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados, Martinique, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Saint Lucia) to work on the Panamanian Railroad and Canal projects between the 1840s and 1914. With this heritage, Panama has a rich and diverse

title: Panama Canal Zone

text: was the only one. The treaty led the U.S. government to contract for steamship service to Panama from ports on both coasts. When the California Gold Rush began in 1848, traffic through Panama greatly increased, and New Granada agreed to allow the Panama Railroad to be constructed by American interests. This first "transcontinental railroad" opened in 1850. There were riots in Panama City in 1856; several Americans were killed. US warships landed Marines, who occupied the railroad station and kept the railroad service from being interrupted by the unrest. The United States demanded compensation from New Granada, including a zone

title: Panama Joe Gans

text: Panama Joe Gans Panama Joe Gans was a black boxer who held the World Colored Middleweight Championship for four years, shortly before it was discontinued. Born Cyril Quinton Jr. on November 14, 1896 in Barbados, British West Indies and raised in the Panama Canal Zone, the 5'7" Quinton originally fought out of Panama and then New York City. He took his ringname from boxing great Joe Gans, the first black American fighter to win a world boxing title. He found his greatest fame fighting as a middleweight at between 147 and 160 lbs, but in his early career he took

title: Trams in Panama

text: Republic of Panama declared its separation from Colombia, having previously been the Isthmus Department of Colombia. In 1904 the United States took over operations of the Compagnie Nouvelle du Canal de Panama and expanded the effort, eventually completing the Panama Canal. While canal construction was underway, on 29 October 1906 the new Panamanian government let a contract for a new tramway in Panama City. The initial attempt to build the new line failed and the contract was put up for bid once more. The contract was taken up by a person working for the United Fruit Company, who formed a