query: where did lee surrender to grant to end the civil war?

title: Conclusion of the American Civil War

text: surrendered at Liverpool, England. President Johnson formally declared the end of the war on August 20, 1866. General Robert E. Lee commanded the Army of Northern Virginia, while Major General John Brown Gordon commanded its Second Corps. Early in the morning of April 9, Gordon attacked, aiming to break through Federal lines at the Battle of Appomattox Court House, but failed, and the Confederate Army was then surrounded. At 8:30 A.M. that morning, Lee requested a meeting with Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant to discuss surrendering the Army of Northern Virginia. Shortly after twelve o'clock, Grant's reply reached Lee, and

title: Lee and Grant at Appomattox

text: Lee and Grant at Appomattox Lee and Grant at Appomattox is an historical fiction children's novel by MacKinlay Kantor. It was originally published in 1950 by Random House, and later published in paperback by Sterling Point Books. "Lee and Grant at Appomattox" depicts the surrender of the Confederate States of America to Union soldiers. In specific, it portrays the surrender of General Robert E. Lee to General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House, helping to bring about the end of the American Civil War. Kantor mainly discusses the feelings of each army, both victorious and shellacked, and pays special

title: Grant, Lee, Sherman: Civil War Generals 2

text: Grant, Lee, Sherman: Civil War Generals 2 Grant, Lee, Sherman: Civil War Generals 2 is a computer game published by Sierra On-Line in 1997. It is the sequel to "". "Grant, Lee, Sherman: Civil War Generals 2" simulates on a tactical level individual battles of the American Civil War and allows one to play as either the North or South in a number of different campaigns. It links the battles together by making the losses in one battle reflect on the forces available in the next. Also, the capture of supplies during one battle allows one to purchase weapons upgrades

title: Eastern Theater of the American Civil War

text: the Union lines and reach the supplies in Lynchburg. They pushed back Sheridan's cavalry briefly but found themselves faced with the full Union V Corps. Surrounded on three sides, Lee was forced to surrender his army to Grant at Appomattox Court House that day, with the formal surrender ceremony taking place two days later. There were further minor battles and surrenders of Confederate armies, but Lee's surrender on April 9, 1865, marked the effective end of the Civil War. Lee, rejecting advice from some of his staff, wanted to ensure that his army did not melt away into the countryside

text: two games would "be big hits for us this year." In April 2000, Impressions announced that "Civil War Generals 3" had been cancelled. According to James Fudge of "Computer Games Strategy Plus", the main reason for the decision was low sales projections: the game was expected to sell "barely enough to cover development costs of the title." Despite the game's cancellation, the Impressions team clarified that they were interested in developing more wargames in the future. Grant, Lee, Sherman: Civil War Generals 2 Grant, Lee, Sherman: Civil War Generals 2 is a computer game published by Sierra On-Line in 1997.

title: Lee and Grant at Appomattox

text: attention to the history and interaction between Grant and Lee. The story also addresses the lasting bitterness between the North and South for years following the Civil War. Historian William Marvel has cited the book as piquing his interest in studying the subject of Appomattox as a child. Some have accused the book of displaying a bias towards General Lee and presenting an inaccurate portrayal of General Grant. The Appomattox Court House was the site of the actual surrender of General Lee to General Grant in 1865. The story makes reference to many actual battles of the Civil War. Gary

title: Ulysses S. Grant and the American Civil War

text: order to receive retirement pay. Grant then was reinstated his full rank in the U.S. military by President Grover Cleveland whereupon Grant and his family received much needed full military retirement pay. In 1885, Grant finished his popular and financially successful military memoirs and died after a painful struggle with throat cancer. Toward the end of Grant's life, the mini-religious Lost Cause myth movement in the South, propped up Robert E. Lee as the greatest general during the Civil War and elevated him to a god like status, a view that permeated American society. Grant was viewed as a drunk

title: American Civil War

text: the capital was now lost, Lee decided to evacuate his army. The Confederate capital fell to the Union XXV Corps, composed of black troops. The remaining Confederate units fled west after a defeat at Sayler's Creek. Initially, Lee did not intend to surrender, but planned to regroup at the village of Appomattox Court House, where supplies were to be waiting, and then continue the war. Grant chased Lee and got in front of him, so that when Lee's army reached Appomattox Court House, they were surrounded. After an initial battle, Lee decided that the fight was now hopeless, and surrendered

title: Reactions to the end of the Sri Lankan Civil War

text: Reactions to the end of the Sri Lankan Civil War Reactions to the end of the Sri Lankan Civil War on 18 May 2009 have generally been positive and welcoming, while some countries expressed concern over the civilian casualties and the humanitarian impact. Streets were filled with joyous scenes of jubilation. United National Party leader Ranil Wickremasinghe, through a telephone call, congratulated President Mahinda Rajapaksa and the state's security forces on 18 May 2009 for their victory over the LTTE. In a press release issued that day, Roman Catholic Archbishop Oswald Gomis said: With the announced end of the war,

text: February 16. Grant's surrender demand to Buckner was popular throughout the Union, "No terms except unconditional and immediate surrender." The general was colloquially known from then on as "Unconditional Surrender" Grant. President Abraham Lincoln promoted Grant to major general of volunteers. The surrender of Fort Donelson was a tremendous victory for the Union war effort; 12,000 Confederate soldiers had been captured in addition to the bountiful arms inventory of the fort. However, Grant now experienced serious difficulties with his superior in St. Louis, Maj. Gen. Henry W. Halleck. Some writers believe that Halleck was personally or professionally jealous of Grant.

text: Army surrendered to Grant. There, Grant offered generous terms that did much to ease tensions between the armies and preserve some semblance of Southern pride, which was needed to reunite the warring sides. Within a few weeks, the American Civil War was over, though minor actions continued until Kirby Smith surrendered his forces in the Trans-Mississippi Department on June 2, 1865. Ulysses S. Grant was a very popular man in the United States after the American Civil War. After President Lincoln was assassinated in April, 1865, Grant became America's first four-star general and would aid Congress, led by the Radicals,

title: Lee and Grant at Appomattox

text: Gallagher mentions the book in his collection of essays "Lee and His Generals in War and Memory" as an example of southern hypocrisy dictating how the memories of Lee and Grant are recalled. William Marvel named the book as a childhood influence in his book "A Place Called Appomattox". Lee and Grant at Appomattox Lee and Grant at Appomattox is an historical fiction children's novel by MacKinlay Kantor. It was originally published in 1950 by Random House, and later published in paperback by Sterling Point Books. "Lee and Grant at Appomattox" depicts the surrender of the Confederate States of America

text: to commander of the District of Cairo. Grant became famous around the nation after capturing Fort Donelson in February 1862 and was promoted to Major General by President Abraham Lincoln. After a series of decisive yet costly battles and victories at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Chattanooga, Grant was promoted to Lieutenant General by President Lincoln in 1864 and given charge of all the Union Armies. Grant went on to defeat Robert E. Lee after another series of costly battles in the Overland Campaign, Petersburg, and Appomattox. After the Civil War, Grant was given his final promotion of General of the Armed

text: Lankan defence ministry said that US Ambassador to Sri Lanka Robert O. Blake, Jr., called Foreign Minister Rohitha Bogollagama on 18 May 2009 regarding humanitarian aid to displaced persons and reconciliation with the Tamil people. Reactions to the end of the Sri Lankan Civil War Reactions to the end of the Sri Lankan Civil War on 18 May 2009 have generally been positive and welcoming, while some countries expressed concern over the civilian casualties and the humanitarian impact. Streets were filled with joyous scenes of jubilation. United National Party leader Ranil Wickremasinghe, through a telephone call, congratulated President Mahinda Rajapaksa

title: Opposition to the American Civil War

text: the Confederate Army, but it reduced the manpower of white men in the Union Army. Although the peace movements, draft riots, and Emancipation Proclamation did not end the American Civil War nor did it lead to the Confederacy winning the war, they displayed the opinions of many Americans who were both ordinary people and Congressmen from north and south. Considerable opposition existed in the South. In the border states a bloody partisan war raged in Kentucky, Missouri, and Indian Territory. Many Confederate governors feuded with the Confederate government in Richmond, thus weakening the South militarily and economically. The mountain areas

text: Grant's forces at the battles of Champion Hill and of Black River Bridge and retreated to the Vicksburg fortress. After two unsuccessful and costly assaults on Vicksburg, Grant settled in for a 40-day siege. Pemberton, unable to combine forces with the army of Joseph E. Johnston, which was hovering in central Mississippi, finally surrendered Vicksburg on July 4, 1863. The capture of Vicksburg was a turning point for the Union war effort. The surrender of Vicksburg and the defeat of Confederate general Robert E. Lee at Gettysburg were stinging defeats for the Confederacy, now split in two by the Union's

title: Never Call Retreat: Lee and Grant: The Final Victory

text: army was now greatly outnumbered, low on supplies and physically exhausted. By the following day, Grant's army caught up with Lee as well, leaving him surrounded on all sides. After briefly considering one final, desperate attack to push Grant aside and breakout to Virginia, Lee sees the futility of it and agrees to surrender. Lee was only responsible for the Army of Northern Virginia, but its surrender became the death blow to the Confederacy. After the surrender, Grant paroled Lee and his army, and allowed them to "go home". Then, he declared a 30-day, unilateral truce, ostensibly to give the

text: Never Call Retreat: Lee and Grant: The Final Victory Never Call Retreat: Lee and Grant: The Final Victory is the conclusion of an alternate history trilogy by former Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives Newt Gingrich, William R. Forstchen, and Albert S. Hanser. It was published in 2005 by Thomas Dunne Books. The other two books are "Grant Comes East" and "". The novel is illustrated with actual photographs of the Civil War, taken somewhat out of context. The book picks up where the second volume, "Grant Comes East" left off, after the Confederate victory over the Army of

text: believing it could really have happened this way." Never Call Retreat: Lee and Grant: The Final Victory Never Call Retreat: Lee and Grant: The Final Victory is the conclusion of an alternate history trilogy by former Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives Newt Gingrich, William R. Forstchen, and Albert S. Hanser. It was published in 2005 by Thomas Dunne Books. The other two books are "Grant Comes East" and "". The novel is illustrated with actual photographs of the Civil War, taken somewhat out of context. The book picks up where the second volume, "Grant Comes East" left off,

title: Unconditional surrender

text: end of the Hundred Days, he was not protected by military law or international law as a head of state, and so the British were under no legal obligation to either accept his surrender or to spare his life; however, they did so, exiling him to the remote South Atlantic island of Saint Helena. The most famous early use of the phrase occurred during the 1862 Battle of Fort Donelson in the American Civil War. Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grant of the Union Army received a request for terms from the fort's commanding officer, Confederate Brigadier General Simon Bolivar Buckner,

title: Timeline of the surrender of Axis forces at the end of World War II

text: the war was over, but did not surrender. If one were to add up all of these numbers (including the minimum number of crew members on the U-boats), the number of troops surrendered would be as follows (in order of number of troops and organized by ethnicity/nation); Timeline of the surrender of Axis forces at the end of World War II This is a timeline of the surrenders of the various armies of the Axis powers that marked the end of World War II. There are two lists: the first denotes surrenders in April–November 1945. The second one shows the

text: Ulysses S. Grant and the American Civil War Ulysses S. Grant was the most acclaimed Union general during the American Civil War and was twice elected President. Grant began his military career as a cadet at the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1839. After graduation he went on to serve with distinction as a lieutenant in the Mexican–American War. Grant was a keen observer of the war and learned battle strategies serving under Generals Zachary Taylor and Winfield Scott. After the war Grant served at various posts especially in the Pacific Northwest; he was forced to retire

title: The war to end war

text: The war to end war "The war to end war" (also called "The war to end all wars") was a term for the First World War of 1914–1918. Originally idealistic, it is now used mainly sardonically. During August 1914, immediately after the outbreak of the war, British author and social commentator H. G. Wells published a number of articles in London newspapers that subsequently appeared as a book entitled "The War That Will End War". Wells blamed the Central Powers for the coming of the war and argued that only the defeat of German militarism could bring about an end

title: Sherman's March to the Sea

text: The operation broke the back of the Confederacy and helped lead to its eventual surrender. Sherman's bold move of operating deep within enemy territory and without supply lines is considered to be one of the major achievements of the war and is also considered to be the early example of modern total war. Sherman's "March to the Sea" followed his successful Atlanta Campaign of May to September 1864. He and the Union Army's commander, Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, believed that the Civil War would come to an end only if the Confederacy's strategic, economic, and psychological capacity for warfare

text: received the surrender of three Confederate armies. Although Grant maintained high casualties during the Overland Campaign in 1864, his aggressive fighting strategy was in compliance with the U.S. government's strategic war aims. Grant has recently been praised by historians for his "military genius", and viewed as a decisive general who emphasized movement and logistics. On April 15, 1861, after the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina, President Abraham Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers to put down secession. Galena was enthusiastic in support of the war and recognized in Grant the one local with broad military experience. Grant

title: Guerrilla warfare in the American Civil War

text: Union forces, but voluntarily ceased hostilities after capturing the town of Waynesville, North Carolina, on May 10, 1865. In the late 20th century, several historians focused on the Confederate government's decision to not use guerrilla warfare to prolong the war. Near the end of the war, there were those in the administration who advocated continuing the southern fight as a guerrilla conflict. These efforts were opposed by Confederate generals such as Lee who ultimately believed that surrender and reconciliation were the best options for the war-ravaged South. Other notable bushwhackers, jahawkers, and guerrillas of the Civil War included Frank James,

text: the defenses of Fort Henry. On February 6, 1862, Adm. Foote's Union fleet consisting of ironclads and wooden ships bombarded Fort Henry as Grant's troops began the landing. Before Grant could attack, the fortress surrendered. Two Union naval officers entered the fort on a rowboat to accept the surrender. Although approximately 3,000 Confederates escaped east before the surrender, the fall of Fort Henry opened up the Union war effort in Tennessee and Alabama. After the fall of Fort Henry, Grant moved his army overland 12 miles east to capture Fort Donelson on the Cumberland River. Foote's naval fleet arrived on

title: The war to end war

text: book on the war. It was also a title of a chapter of the American high school history textbook "The American Pageant" (first published 1956), and remained so up to its 15th edition in 2013. However, "The War to End All Wars" was used by later authors such as Edward M. Coffman (1968), Russell Freedman (2010) and Adam Hochschild (2011). The war to end war "The war to end war" (also called "The war to end all wars") was a term for the First World War of 1914–1918. Originally idealistic, it is now used mainly sardonically. During August 1914, immediately

title: The war to end war

text: used the phrase in an ironic way in the novel "The Bulpington of Blup" (1932). Walter Lippmann wrote in "Newsweek" in 1967, "The delusion is that whatever war we are fighting is the war to end war", while U.S. President Richard Nixon, in his "Silent Majority" speech (1969), said, "I do not tell you that the war in Vietnam is the war to end wars". Since at least the last third of the 20th century, the alternative wording "the war to end all wars" has become more popular. "The War to End War" was the title of Laurence Stallings's 1959

title: The war to end war

text: Even during World War I, the phrase met with some degree of skepticism; the British politician David Lloyd George is reputed to have said, "This war, like the next war, is a war to end war." As it became apparent that the war had not succeeded in ending war, the phrase took on a more cynical tone. The British staff officer Archibald Wavell, a future field marshal and viceroy of India, said despondently of the Paris Peace Conference, "After the 'war to end war', they seem to have been in Paris at making the 'Peace to end Peace'." Wells himself

text: in the West and East that battled Confederate armies, inflicted more casualties, a total of 190,760 Confederate versus 153,643 Union, a difference of 37,118. Even today, many historians, scholars, and even ordinary Americans remember Grant more fondly as "General Grant" than "President Grant". Grant served under nine Presidents. Western Campaigns and Battles of Ulysses S. Grant Eastern Campaigns and Battles of Ulysses S. Grant Totals Western and Eastern Campaigns and Battles of Ulysses S. Grant Ulysses S. Grant and the American Civil War Ulysses S. Grant was the most acclaimed Union general during the American Civil War and was twice

text: from the first game was deleted. Unit leaders may be influenced by their commanding officer and their ratings increased or decreased depending on the superior officer's ratings. A corps or division commander will influence all subordinate units within a three square radius (six squares if playing at regimental level). The basic elements of gameplay in "Civil War Generals 2" are the same as "Robert E. Lee" and are covered in the article for the latter game. Corps commanders in "Civil War Generals 2" were made into separate units on the map with division commanders taking the place of corps commanders

title: Opposition to the American Civil War

text: Opposition to the American Civil War Popular opposition to the American Civil War, which lasted from 1861 to 1865, was widespread. Although there had been many attempts at compromise prior to the outbreak of war, there were those who felt it could still be ended peacefully or did not believe it should have occurred in the first place. Opposition took the form of both those in the North who believed the South had the right to be independent and those in the South who wanted neither war nor a Union advance into the newly declared Confederate States of America. The

title: Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to?

text: Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to? Now Where Did the 7th Company Get To? () is a 1973 French-Italian comedy war film directed by Robert Lamoureux. The film portraya the adventures of three French soldiers lost somewhere on the front in May 1940 during the Battle of France. During the Battle of France, while German forces are spreading across the country, the 7th Transmission Company suffers an air raid near the Machecoul woods, but survive and hide in the woods. Captain Dumont, the company commander, sends Louis Chaudard, Pithiviers and Tassin to scout the area. After burying the

title: Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to?

text: When Captain Dumont joins his Chaudard, Tassin, and Pithiviers in the truck, who salute the German commander with a great smile. The movie received a great success in France reaching the third best selling movie in 1974. Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to? Now Where Did the 7th Company Get To? () is a 1973 French-Italian comedy war film directed by Robert Lamoureux. The film portraya the adventures of three French soldiers lost somewhere on the front in May 1940 during the Battle of France. During the Battle of France, while German forces are spreading across the country,

title: Worcestershire in the English Civil War

text: up to the Scots. He issued orders to his captains and officers to deliver up the places they held. Dudley Castle surrendered, as did Hartlebury. Worcester was besieged and held out to July when it had to surrender. Included in the Articles were Madresfield and Strensham. With their surrender the First Civil War, so far as Worcestershire was concerned, came to an end. 1647. During the whole of the year Royalist plots went on to bring about the King's release, or for a rising. The chief of these was the Broadway Plot. 1648. The Royalist plot, ended in the second

text: and found the game's music annoying. He concluded that "Civil War Generals 2" is "not the be all and end all of Civil War games for the hard-core wargamer", but that it is a "a good, competent offering" for other players. Conversely, Jim Cobb of "Computer Gaming World" summarized the game as a step down for the series. He lambasted its "completely broken combat system and [...] dated game engine", which he felt ruined the achievements of the game's campaign and morale systems. Cobb particularly criticized "Civil War Generals 2" for historical inaccuracies that make it "impossible to win [...]

title: Robert E. Lee

text: surrender, Lee issued his Farewell Address to his army. Lee resisted calls by some officers to reject surrender and allow small units to melt away into the mountains, setting up a lengthy guerrilla war. He insisted the war was over and energetically campaigned for inter-sectional reconciliation. "So far from engaging in a war to perpetuate slavery, I am rejoiced that slavery is abolished. I believe it will be greatly for the interests of the South." The following are summaries of Civil War campaigns and major battles where Robert E. Lee was the commanding officer: After the war, Lee was not

title: Unconditional surrender

text: Sr. Grant's reply was that "no terms except an unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted. I propose to move immediately upon your works." When news of Grant's victory, one of the Union's first in the war, was received in Washington, DC, newspapers remarked (and President Abraham Lincoln endorsed) that Grant's first two initials, "U.S.," stood for "Unconditional Surrender," which would later become his nickname. However, subsequent surrenders to Grant were not unconditional. When Robert E. Lee surrendered his Army of Northern Virginia at Appomattox Court House in 1865, Grant agreed to allow the men under Lee's command to go

title: Opposition to the American Civil War

text: Union soldiers were fighting for dramatically. They thought they were fighting to preserve the Union, but the emancipation changed soldiers' views on the war. Many Unionists agreed that slavery should not be abolished and left the ranks of the Union Army. However, the emancipation did not change the opposition as a whole The above evidence is clear in showing the two most critical opposition movements to the American Civil War. The New York draft riots, along with draft dodging, were an effective method in resisting the war in three ways. First, white men could keep their jobs if they did

title: Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to?

text: radio cable beneath a sandy road, the squad crosses the field, climbs a nearby hill, and takes position within a cemetery. One man cut down the wrong tree for camouflage, pulling up the radio cable and revealing it to the passing German infantry. The Germans cut the cable, surround the woods, and order a puzzled 7th Company to surrender. The squad tries to contact the company, but then witness their capture and run away. Commanded by Staff Sergeant Chaudard, the unit stops in a wood for the night. Pithiviers is content to slow down and wait for the end of

text: on the weak side" for experts of the genre, "should appeal to most wargamers". After the completion of "Civil War Generals 2", Grammont left Impressions Games and joined designer Charles Moylan at Big Time Software, where the two created the influential wargame "". Grammont and Moylan founded Battlefront.com in the late 1990s to publish "Combat Mission", its sequels and other wargames. A sequel to "Civil War Generals 2", entitled "Civil War Generals 3", was announced by Impressions and Sierra in January 1999. It was set for release in fall of that year, and was designed by Jeffrey Fiske of the

title: Robert E. Lee: Civil War General

text: Robert E. Lee: Civil War General Robert E. Lee: Civil War General is a 1996 computer wargame developed by Impressions Games and published by Sierra On-Line. Set during the American Civil War, it tasks the player with leading the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia to victory against the Union Army of the Potomac. Impressions sought to make "Civil War General" accessible to wargame newcomers by streamlining its gameplay, and the "Panzer General" series was a reference point for its design and title. "Civil War General" was a commercial success and the best-selling wargame of 1996. Critics noted its accessibility compared

text: Forces in 1866 and served until 1869. Grant's popularity as a Union war general enabled him to be elected two terms as the 18th President of the United States. Some historians have viewed Grant as a "butcher" commander who in 1864 used attrition without regard to the lives of his own soldiers in order to kill off the enemy which could no longer replenish its losses. Throughout the Civil War Grant's armies incurred approximately 154,000 casualties, while having inflicted 191,000 casualties on his opposing Confederate armies. In terms of success, Grant was the only general during the Civil War who

title: Conclusion of the American Civil War

text: in it Grant said he would accept the surrender of the Confederate Army under certain conditions. Lee then rode into the little hamlet of Appomattox Court House, where the Appomattox county court house stood, and waited for Grant's arrival to surrender his army. The Confederates lost the city of Spanish Fort in Alabama at the Battle of Spanish Fort, which took place between March 27 and April 8, 1865 in Baldwin County. After losing Spanish Fort, the Confederates went on to lose Fort Blakely to Union forces at the Battle of Fort Blakely, between April 2 and 9, 1865. This

text: domination of the Mississippi River. President Lincoln promoted Grant to the permanent rank of Major General in the Regular Army. Vicksburg marked the second surrender of a Confederate army (the other being Buckner's surrender to Grant the year before). During the Vicksburg siege, Grant dismissed McClernand for publishing to the press a congratulatory order that seemed to claim it was McClernand's corps that was winning the campaign. McClernand appealed the dismissal to his personal friend, President Lincoln, but to no avail. Grant had ended the rivalry on his own terms. The Union army had captured considerable Confederate artillery, small arms,

text: in "Robert E. Lee", meaning that they can be reassigned to any unit under their command and are treated by the game as the commander of whatever unit they're assigned to instead of its regular commander. A routed unit will run towards its respective corps headquarters first and then to the edge of the map. The ability to completely annihilate an enemy unit was removed from "Civil War Generals 2", as well as the ability to cause a unit to desert if morale becomes too low. The exception to the latter are siege artillery and mortar units, as these are

title: Robert E. Lee: Civil War General

text: A third game, "Civil War Generals 3", was announced in January 1999. However, it was cancelled in April 2000. According to James Fudge of "Computer Games Strategy Plus", this decision was made because the game's projected sales were "barely enough to cover [its] development costs". Despite the cancellation, the Impressions team confirmed that they were interested in developing other wargames in the future. Robert E. Lee: Civil War General Robert E. Lee: Civil War General is a 1996 computer wargame developed by Impressions Games and published by Sierra On-Line. Set during the American Civil War, it tasks the player with

title: Opposition to the American Civil War

text: after the war the Democrats carried the burden of having opposed the martyred Lincoln, the salvation of the Union and the destruction of slavery. The beginnings of opposition to the American Civil War were stirred in at the beginning of the war. In states such as New Jersey, New York, and the rest of New England, smatterings of people who did not favor the war arose. This was especially evident in the state of Connecticut. When President Abraham Lincoln was elected as President-elect, he left several Democratic Congressmen split from their party. These congressmen were William W. Eaton of Hartford,

text: from the service in 1854 due to accusations of drunkenness. He was unable to make a success of farming and on the onset of the Civil War in April 1861, Grant was working as a clerk in his father's leather goods store in Galena, Illinois. When the war began his military experience was needed, and Congressman Elihu B. Washburne became his patron in political affairs and promotions in Illinois and nationwide. Grant trained Union military recruits and was promoted to Colonel in June 1861. Maj. Gen. John C. Frémont, who viewed in Grant an "iron will" to win, appointed Grant

text: and butcher who had won only because he waged a brutal war of attrition. Historian Edward H. Bonekemper counters this view and says that Grant was the most successful general of the Civil War, noting that in the West, Grant drove the Confederates out of the Mississippi Valley through a series of battles and campaigns, including Fort Donelson, Vicksburg, and Chattanooga. When Grant was brought back East and put in command of the Union Army, he was able to defeat Lee's Confederate army within a year and effectively brought the war to a close. According to Bonekemper, Grant's Union armies

text: the Wilderness was tactically inconclusive, although very damaging to both sides. However, unlike his predecessors, Grant did not retreat after the battle; he sent his army to the southeast and began a campaign of maneuver that kept Lee on the defensive through a series of bloody battles and moved closer to Richmond. Grant knew that his larger army and base of manpower in the North could sustain a war of attrition better than Lee and the Confederacy could. And although Grant suffered high losses—approximately 55,000 casualties—during the campaign, Lee lost even higher percentages of his men, losses that could not

text: before the next. Improvements to "Robert E. Lee: Civil War General" included the addition of several new units, including mortars, siege artillery, and naval vessels, new terrain types, more detailed graphics, and larger maps. Certain artillery types gained the ability of indirect fire. Army structures were expanded to include divisions and regiments; scenarios may be played at the brigade or regimental level. If the latter is selected, regiments are controlled as individual units on the map, with brigade commanders taking the place of division commanders and division commanders taking the place of corps commanders. The Easter Egg multiplayer campaign mode

title: Conclusion of the American Civil War

text: was the last battle of the American Civil War involving large numbers of United States Colored Troops. The Battle of Fort Blakely happened six hours after Lee's surrender to Grant at Appomattox. In the course of the battle, Brigadier General St. John Richardson Liddell was captured and surrendered his men. Out of 4,000 soldiers originally, Liddell lost 3,400 that were captured in this battle. About 250 were killed and only some 200 men escaped. The successful Union assault can be attributed in large part to African-American forces. Unaware of Lee's surrender on April 9 and the assassination of President Lincoln

title: Domestic responses to the Libyan Civil War (2011)

text: "for the heroes who have laid down their lives, killed by the brutal forces of Gaddafi" and called on the international community "to halt all support for the dictator with immediate effect." Senussi said that the protesters would be "victorious in the end" and calls for international support to end the violence. On 24 February, Senussi gave an interview to "Al Jazeera English" where he called upon the international community to help remove Gaddafi from power and stop the ongoing "massacre". He has dismissed talk of a civil war saying "The Libyan people and the tribes have proven they are

title: The war to end war

text: to war. Wells used the shorter form of the phrase, "the war to end war", in "In the Fourth Year" (1918), in which he noted that the phrase had "got into circulation" in the second half of 1914. In fact, it had become one of the most common catchphrases of the First World War. In later years, the term became associated with Woodrow Wilson, despite the fact that Wilson used the phrase only once. Along with the phrase "make the world safe for democracy", it embodied Wilson's conviction that U.S. entry into the war was necessary to preserve human freedom.

title: Opposition to the American Civil War

text: draft did not always occur in an organized form, however. Draft dodgers were prominent during the American Civil War. Between July 1863 and April 1865, four national drafts resulting in a call of 776,829 men took place, but of these men only 46,347 were held to service. Although most men who opposed and dodged the draft did so legally, many still refused to report to the draft office and illegally avoided it. Between July 1863 and December 1864, 161,224 men failed to report to service under the draft. The large amount of draft dodgers indicated the amount of opposition to

title: Where Did They Go (album)

text: in 1971. The single did not make the charts. Lee performed songs from this album, including "Where Did They Go" and "My Sweet Lord," during her June 1971 engagement at The Frontier Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada. After completing work on "Where Did They Go", Peggy Lee did not return to the recording studio again until nearly a year later, when she began recording "Norma Deloris Egstrom from Jamestown, North Dakota" in April 1972. This album was released on 8-track, along with LP. Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It

text: and chaotic, with troops milling around inside the Crater. This allowed Lee to repulse the breakthrough. Despite the setback with the Crater incident and a Congressional investigation that followed, Grant was able to lock in Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia at Petersburg. Grant's Union siege at Petersburg allowed the Union war effort on other fronts to finally bear fruit. Sherman took Atlanta on September 2, 1864 and began his March to the Sea in November. With victories at Atlanta and Mobile Bay, Lincoln was re-elected President and the war effort continued. On October 19, after three battles, Philip

title: Where Did the Night Fall

text: the original photo shoot with Warren Du Preez and Nick Thornton Jones. Adapted from AllMusic. Where Did the Night Fall Where Did the Night Fall is the fourth regular studio album from British electronic music act Unkle, released on . As a documentation of the work on the album, on 13 April 2009, James Lavelle, Unkle's mastermind, started an official "UNKLE Blog". According to the first post, Lavelle started to work in studio in January 2009 with Pablo Clements, James Griffith, Joel Cadbury, Gavin Clark, Matt Pierce and Mike Lowry. On a single, "Heavy Drug (Surrender Sounds Mix)", was made

title: Where Did the Night Fall

text: Where Did the Night Fall Where Did the Night Fall is the fourth regular studio album from British electronic music act Unkle, released on . As a documentation of the work on the album, on 13 April 2009, James Lavelle, Unkle's mastermind, started an official "UNKLE Blog". According to the first post, Lavelle started to work in studio in January 2009 with Pablo Clements, James Griffith, Joel Cadbury, Gavin Clark, Matt Pierce and Mike Lowry. On a single, "Heavy Drug (Surrender Sounds Mix)", was made available digitally via Beatport and iTunes. On the download was followed by a remix EP

title: Robert E. Lee: Civil War General

text: to other games in its genre; several praised it for combining simplified mechanics and depth, while "Computer Games Strategy Plus" found it overly shallow. In 1997, "Civil War General" was followed by a sequel, "". A third game was planned, but was cancelled due to low sales projections. "Robert E. Lee: Civil War General" is a computer wargame with turn-based gameplay, which unfolds on a hex map playing field. Set during the American Civil War, the game casts players in the role of General Robert E. Lee, and tasks them with leading the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia to victory

title: Commemoration of the American Civil War

text: show any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. New Jersey Civil War Sesquicentennial Committee does not show any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. New York State Civil War Sesquicentennial Committee does not show any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. The North Carolina Civil War Sesquicentennial Committee does not show any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. Civil War 150 Advisory Committee does not show any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. Pennsylvania Civil War 150 (PACW 150) is

title: Commemoration of the American Civil War

text: no signs of any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. Civil War Sesquicentennial Resources site gives no signs of any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. Michigan Civil War Sesquicentennial Committee does not show any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. The Mississippi Sesquicentennial of the American Civil War Commission site does not show any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. The Missouri Civil War Sesquicentennial Commission purpose is to increase awareness and understanding of Missouri's role in the Civil War but does not

title: Richmond in the American Civil War

text: Richmond in the American Civil War Richmond, Virginia, served as the capital of the Confederate States of America for almost the whole of the American Civil War. It was a vital source of weapons and supplies for the war effort, and the terminus of five railroads. The Union made many attempts to invade Richmond. In the Peninsula Campaign of 1862, General George McClellan moved up the James River, almost to the suburbs of the city, but was beaten back by Robert E. Lee in the Seven Days Battles. In 1864-5, General U.S. Grant laid siege to nearby Petersburg, whose evacuation

title: Opposition to the American Civil War

text: as Vallandigham, Cox, Farrar, Fowler, Foote, and Carpenter strongly opposed the war and attempted to make agreements with both the Confederacy and the Union to end the war. On the other hand, movements led by Seymour spread like wildfire in Connecticut. The peace demonstrations held by peace men and women and the creation of the peace flag were clear displays of discontent with the war. The scale of the opposition to the war is witnessed through the Unionists' attacks on peace demonstrations and peace-promoting newspapers. Furthermore, the Emancipation Proclamation stirred Unionists' opinions on the war. Not only did it strengthen

title: Gettysburg: A Novel of the Civil War

text: Gettysburg: A Novel of the Civil War Gettysburg: A Novel of the Civil War is an alternate history novel written by Newt Gingrich and William R. Forstchen. It was published in 2003 and became a New York Times bestseller. It is the first part in a trilogy in which the next books are respectively "Grant Comes East" and "". The story takes place in 1863 when Robert E. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia are victorious at the Battle of Gettysburg instead of the United States. (Instead of attacking the Union line on July 2, 1863, Lee conducts a

title: Commemoration of the American Civil War

text: 150th Anniversary lists grant making partners but does not show a specific funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. The Iowa Civil War Sesquicentennial Committee website does not show any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. The Kentucky Civil War Sesquicentennial Commission is creating Civil War heritage tourism development opportunities, educating students, training teachers, developing initiatives for new scholarship and encouraging events and activities across the commonwealth, but does not show any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. The Maine Civil War Sesquicentennial site is hard to navigate and

title: Appomattox (opera)

text: Potomac, the President and Grant outline a plan to end the war and discuss the generous terms of surrender to be offered to Lee. Their wives arrive, Mrs. Lincoln voicing petty grievances, while Mrs. Grant is steadfast and calm. News of a successful retaking of a Confederate-held fort is brought in by Brigadier General John Rawlins and Colonel Ely S. Parker of the day's battle; Grant then orders the final assault on Richmond. The scene ends with an actual Civil War campfire song. "Tenting on the Old Camp Ground", sung by both armies as Grant and Robert E. Lee watch

title: Shropshire in the English Civil War

text: by Parliamentarian troops from Eccleshall, Staffordshire. On 13 March 1644 Hopton Castle was captured by the Royalists. The Parliamentary commander, Colonel More, did not surrender until after the final assault. The Royalist commander Sir Michael Woodhouse, at his digression (his prerogative under the laws of war as they were practised at that time), decided not to grant the majority of his prisoners quarter and they were killed by their captors. However the Parliamentary side believed for some months that prior to the surrender terms had been agreed which included the sparing of the lives of the garrison and so the

title: Ulysses S. Grant

text: formally surrender. On April 9, Grant and Lee met at Appomattox Court House. Upon receiving Lee's dispatch about the proposed meeting Grant had been jubilant. Although Grant felt depressed at the fall of "a foe who had fought so long and valiantly," he believed the Southern cause was "one of the worst for which a people ever fought." After briefly discussing their days of old in Mexico, Grant wrote out the terms of surrender, whereupon Lee expressed satisfaction and accepted Grant's terms. Going beyond his military authority, Grant gave Lee and his men amnesty; Confederates would surrender their weapons and

text: retreated after similar battles with Lee, Grant ignored any setbacks and continued to flank Lee's right moving southward. The tremendous casualties for the Battle of the Wilderness were 17,666 for the Union and 11,125 for the Confederate armies, respectively. Although the Wilderness battle was costly for the Union, Grant decided to move south and continue the fight with Lee. As the Army of the Potomac moved southward from the Wilderness, Grant, on May 8, was forced into yet an even more desperate 14-day battle at Spotsylvania. Anticipating Grant's right flank move, Lee was able to position his army at Spotsylvania

title: Commemoration of the American Civil War

text: the official statewide program commemorating the 150th anniversary of the Civil War, 2011–2015, which does not show any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. The South Carolina Civil War Sesquicentennial Advisory Board does not show any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. The Tennessee Civil War Sesquicentennial Commission was created to lead the state's efforts in commemorating the 150th anniversary of the Civil War does not show any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. The Virginia Sesquicentennial of the American Civil War Commission has a tax-deductible donation to

title: Commemoration of the American Civil War on postage stamps

text: was nearing the end of his first term. His Secretary of War recommended both Union and Confederate generals in the series. Political reaction delayed issue until after election. The opposition was primarily from Northern Republicans against the Confederate choices, and Lost Cause southerners against the Union choices. Today stamp collectors from North and South include both Grant-Sherman-Sheridan and Lee-Jackson stamps in their collections. In the 1990s Civil War series, no state legislature objected to Sherman as a villain as some protested for the 1937 issue. The healing process continued. Naval officers Farragut and Porter. 1937 issue. Winfield Hancock was featured

title: International reactions to the 2011 Libyan Civil War

text: failure. By summer 2011 the initial limited intervention to protect Libyan civilians had become a policy of regime change. However that new policy did not include proper support and for a new government, leading to a political and economic collapse in Libya and the growth of ISIL in North Africa. The former Prime Minister David Cameron was ultimately responsible for this British policy failure. International reactions to the 2011 Libyan Civil War The international reactions to the Libyan Civil War were the responses to the series of protests and military confrontations occurring in Libya against the government of Libya and

text: in a meeting and "told him he was wrong" about the design. Afterward, Sierra allowed Impressions to complete "Civil War Generals 2" as planned. Originally slated for a fall 1997 release, the game launched on October 20 of that year with an estimated price of $49. To promote the release, Sierra and "Computer Gaming World" partnered to create the "Ultimate Civil War" contest. The winners would be sent to an American Civil War reenactment, and would have photographs of themselves in Impressions' next wargame. According to Grammont, "Civil War Generals 2" was a commercial success and surpassed sales expectations at

text: International reactions to the 2011 Libyan Civil War The international reactions to the Libyan Civil War were the responses to the series of protests and military confrontations occurring in Libya against the government of Libya and its "de facto" head of state Muammar Gaddafi. Many states and supranational bodies condemned Gaddafi's regime over its attacks on civilian targets within the country. Virtually all Western countries cut off diplomatic relations with Gaddafi's government over an aerial bombing campaign in February and March, and a number of other countries led by Peru and Botswana did likewise. The regime's use of the Libyan

text: using historically authentic tactics." "PC Magazine"s Bertrand C. Emmett wrote that he "relished playing "Civil War Generals 2"." He praised the game's audiovisuals and multimedia encyclopedia, and summarized the overall product as "engaging". Reviewing the game for "Computer Games Strategy Plus", Jim Pedicord enjoyed the expanded scope and more complex rules compared to "Civil War General", and called "Civil War Generals 2" "the game the original should have been." He singled out the addition of zones of control and victory hexes for praise, and found the AI to be improved. Pedicord concluded that "Civil War Generals 2", while "a little

text: lead designer on "Civil War Generals 2" by Doug Gonya, the scenario designer of the first game. Steve Grammont, the quality assurance lead on "Civil War General", was promoted to a producer role on "Civil War Generals 2". He later described his surprise at this promotion. Impressions based the design of "Civil War Generals 2" on player feedback from its predecessor, combined with original ideas from the Impressions team. Scott Udell of "Computer Games Strategy Plus" noted that players had disliked the first game's short campaign and lack of clear victory conditions, and that Impressions sought to address these concerns

title: Robert E. Lee: Civil War General

text: Grail". "Computer Gaming World"s Terry Coleman remarked that "Civil War General" is "meant to be simpler to play, but it has a lot of subtleties." He argued that its campaign was the most enjoyable of the era's Civil War wargames. However, he criticized the title's limited historical scope, and considered the overall product to be inferior to "". Coleman concluded, "[I]f you must buy only one of these, get "Rifles", but real Civil War fans should pick up "Lee" as well". "PC Magazine" highlighted the game's visuals, and the reviewer praised "Civil War General" as a "detailed and accurate" product

title: Where Did They Go (album)

text: Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It was arranged and conducted by Don Sebesky and Al Capps. The recording sessions for this album took place at the Capitol Tower in Hollywood, California. "Where Did They Go" was Peggy Lee's first album not to make the "Billboard" 200 chart since her Grammy-winning hit "Is That All There Is?" in 1969. Burt Bacharach and Hal David wrote the song "My Rock And Foundation" specifically for Lee. Capitol Records released "Where Did They Go" (backed by "All I Want") as a 45" single

text: Sierra by "a lot". In addition, the game's "Ultimate Civil War Collection" bundle, which contained its predecessor, rose from 58th place in June 1998 to #7 in July on NPD SofTrends' reference software sales charts. As of January 1999, "Civil War Generals 2" and its predecessor together had sold more than 700,000 copies globally. "PC Gamer US" summarized the "Civil War Generals" series as "very successful" at the time. In "PC Gamer US", Keith Sullivan praised "Civil War Generals 2"s scope, gameplay, accessibility and campaign continuity system. However, he called the visuals average and the artificial intelligence (AI) "barely adequate",

text: 1861, President Lincoln appointed him as a brigadier general in the United States Volunteers. On September 1, he was selected by Western Department Commander, Maj. Gen. John C. Frémont, to command the District of Southeast Missouri. He soon established his headquarters at Cairo, Illinois, where the Ohio River joins the Mississippi. His command was soon reorganized and renamed the District of Cairo. Grant's first Civil War battles occurred while he was in command of the District of Cairo. The Confederate Army, stationed in Columbus under General Leonidas Polk, had violated Kentucky's military neutrality. Immediately, Grant took the initiative and seized

title: Clover Hill Tavern

text: War changed the prosperity of the Clover Hill Tavern with the surrender of General Robert E. Lee to General Ulysses S. Grant. The Generals arranged a meeting to be held in town at the McLean House so Lee could formally surrender his troops to Grant, effectively ending the American Civil War. Approximately thirty thousand paroles for the Confederate soldiers were printed in the Clover Hill Tavern. At the time of General Lee's surrender to Union commander Grant in 1865 the Tavern and its associated outbuildings were owned by Wilson Hix. Billy Hix, Wilson's son, was the sheriff of the village

title: Grant-Lee Phillips

text: funded by fans through a PledgeMusic campaign. Phillips toured with Glen Phillips to support the album. In 2015, Phillips released "The Narrows," which extends Phillips' exploration of roots and folk music. Grant-Lee Phillips Grant-Lee Phillips (born Bryan G. Phillips; 1963) is an American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. He led the group Grant Lee Buffalo in the 1990s, afterwards launching a solo career. Born in Stockton, California, Phillips began playing the guitar in his early teens. At age 19, he moved to Los Angeles where he worked tarring roofs to fund evening classes at UCLA and forming bands. He eventually dropped out

title: Unconditional surrender

text: home under parole and to keep sidearms and private horses. Generous terms were also offered to John C. Pemberton at Vicksburg and, by Grant's subordinate, William Tecumseh Sherman, to Joseph E. Johnston in North Carolina. Grant was not the first officer in the Civil War to use such a term. The first instance came when Confederate Brigadier General Lloyd Tilghman asked for terms of surrender during the Battle of Fort Henry. Flag Officer Andrew H. Foote replied, "no sir, your surrender will be unconditional." Even at Fort Donelson, when a Confederate messenger first approached Brigadier General Charles Ferguson Smith, Grant's

title: Grant-Lee Phillips

text: Grant-Lee Phillips Grant-Lee Phillips (born Bryan G. Phillips; 1963) is an American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. He led the group Grant Lee Buffalo in the 1990s, afterwards launching a solo career. Born in Stockton, California, Phillips began playing the guitar in his early teens. At age 19, he moved to Los Angeles where he worked tarring roofs to fund evening classes at UCLA and forming bands. He eventually dropped out of college and linked up with an old friend from Stockton named Jeffery Clark. In the late 1980s, Phillips lived on campus at CalArts with future wife Denise Siegel, whom he

title: Nigerian Civil War

text: of Owerri fell on 9 January, and Uli on 11 January. Only a few days earlier, Ojukwu fled into exile by plane to the Ivory Coast, leaving his deputy Philip Effiong to handle the details of the surrender to General Yakubu Gowon of the Federal Army on 13 January 1970. The surrender paper was signed on 14 January 1970 in Lagos and thus came the end of the civil war and renunciation of secession. The war finally ended a few days later, with the Nigerian forces advancing into the remaining Biafran-held territories, which was met with little resistance. After the

text: on this line if it takes all summer." Finding he could not break Lee's line of defense at Spotsylvania, Grant turned southward and moved to the North Ana River a dozen miles closer to Richmond. An attempt was made by Grant to get Lee to fight out in the open by sending an individual II Corps on the west bank of the Mattatopi River. Rather than take the bait, Lee anticipated a second right flank movement by Grant and retreated to the North Anna River in response to the Union V and VI corps, withdrawing from Spotsylvania. During this time,

text: Carolina) happened to visit City Point at the same time. This allowed for the war's only three-way meeting of Lincoln, Grant, and Sherman, which was memorialized in G.P.A. Healy's famous painting "The Peacemakers". Grant continued to apply months of relentless military pressure at Petersburg on the Army of Northern Virginia until Lee was forced to evacuate Richmond in April 1865. After a nine-day retreat, during which Grant expertly maneuvered his armies to block all paths of retreat, Lee surrendered his army at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865. Considered his greatest triumph, this was the third time a Confederate

text: original "Civil War General" and Steve Serafino of "Lords of Magic". "Civil War Generals 3" took place in the first year of the American Civil War, and would have tasked the player with establishing and maintaining a war economy. It was planned to feature empire-building and management game mechanics, played via a turn-based "simultaneous execution" gameplay structure. Combat would have taken place in real-time, although a simpler "quick battle" system was planned for novices. Victory could have been achieved through military, economic or other means. The game was announced alongside "Pharaoh"; at the time, Sierra's Jim Veevaert said that the

title: Gettysburg: A Novel of the Civil War

text: - which assumes that a defeat in Gettysburg would have led to a complete defeat and catastrophic collapse of the North. Gettysburg: A Novel of the Civil War Gettysburg: A Novel of the Civil War is an alternate history novel written by Newt Gingrich and William R. Forstchen. It was published in 2003 and became a New York Times bestseller. It is the first part in a trilogy in which the next books are respectively "Grant Comes East" and "". The story takes place in 1863 when Robert E. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia are victorious at the

text: the Potomac. On April 12, 1864 Confederate forces under Maj. Gen. Nathan B. Forrest captured Union Fort Pillow and slaughtered Union African American troops rather than keep them as prisoners. Union Lt. Gen. Grant retaliated by ordering Union prisoner exchanges canceled until Union black soldiers were treated equally with white soldiers. The Confederate government declined to treat Union black soldiers as equals to white soldiers. On May 4, 1864, Grant began a series of battles with Robert E. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia known as the Overland Campaign. The first battle between Lee and Grant took place after

text: to Lee's 1,500. After twelve days of fighting at Cold Harbor, total casualties were 12,000 for the Union and 2,500 for the Confederacy. On June 11, 1864, Grant's Army of the Potomac broke away completely from Robert E. Lee, and on June 12 secretly crossed the James River on a pontoon bridge and attacked the railroad junction at Petersburg. For a brief time, Robert E. Lee had no idea where the Army of the Potomac was. Among northern antiwar elements after the utter Union defeat at Cold Harbor, Grant was castigated as the "Butcher" for having sustained high casualties without

title: Opposition to the American Civil War

text: regions, whether regular troops or home guards, frequently resorted to extreme methods, including executing partisans summarily, destroying the homes of suspected bushwhackers, and torturing families to gain information. This epidemic of violence created a widespread sense of insecurity, forced hundreds of residents to flee, and contributed to the region's economic distress, demoralization, and division. Opposition to the American Civil War Popular opposition to the American Civil War, which lasted from 1861 to 1865, was widespread. Although there had been many attempts at compromise prior to the outbreak of war, there were those who felt it could still be ended peacefully

title: Turning point of the American Civil War

text: at the Confederacy from multiple directions: against Lee and the Confederate capital, Richmond; in the Shenandoah Valley; against Johnston and Atlanta; against railroad supply lines in western Virginia; and against the port of Mobile. In May, Grant launched the Overland Campaign towards Richmond, an attritional campaign that took full advantage of the North's edge in population and resources. Although he suffered a tactical reverse in his first encounter with Lee in the Battle of the Wilderness, Grant pressed forward, putting the Confederates under an unremitting pressure that was maintained until the fall of their capital and the surrender of Lee's

title: Commemoration of the American Civil War

text: support the Civil War's 150 year. The Virginia Sesquicentennial of the American Civil War Commission (the Commission) and the Virginia Tourism Corporation (VTC) have created a special American Civil War Sesquicentennial Tourism Marketing Program that has a grant program for a 1 to 1 match up to $5,000.00 in promoting the observance of the 150th anniversary of the American Civil War. West Virginia Sesquicentennial of the American Civil War Commission's mission is to promote awareness, but does not show any funding or grant program directly for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. The Wisconsin Civil War Sesquicentennial Commission site does not show

text: Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard. Grant established his new headquarters at City Point for the rest of the Civil War. The Union forces quickly attacked and overtook Petersburg's outlying trenches on June 15. However, Smith inexplicably stopped fighting and waited until the following day, June 16, to attack the city, allowing Beauregard to concentrate reinforcements in secondary field works. The second Union attack on Petersburg started on June 16 and lasted until June 18, when Lee's veterans finally arrived to keep the Union army from taking the important railroad junction. Unable to break Lee's Petersburg defenses, Grant had to settle for

title: Commemoration of the American Civil War

text: commemoration of the Civil War in Arkansas. The Connecticut Civil War Commemoration Commission does not have a grant program, but does have a list of organizational Partners. The Civil War Sesquicentennial Planning Committee & Delaware Heritage Commission show no direct grants or funding for the Civil War Sesquicentennial. Georgia's Civil War Sesquicentennial website was created by the Tourism Division of the Georgia Department of Economic Development as part of the state's efforts to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Civil War. This website does not talk about any grant program, but does have a partner website. The Illinois Civil War

title: Massachusetts in the American Civil War

text: Massachusetts for service in the American Civil War (the first being the 9th Massachusetts). The regiment's motto (or battle-cry) was "Faugh a Ballagh" (Clear the Way!). The men of the 28th Massachusetts saw action in most of the Union Army's major eastern theater engagements, including Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, the Overland Campaign, and the Siege of Petersburg. The regiment was present for Gen. Robert E. Lee's surrender to Gen. Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House. One of the best-known regiments formed in Massachusetts was the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the first regiment in the Union army consisting of African-American soldiers.