query: what type of currency is used in puerto rico?

title: History of Puerto Rico

text: significant changes: the name of the island was changed to "Porto Rico" (it was changed back to Puerto Rico in 1932) and the currency was changed from the Puerto Rican peso to the United States dollar. Freedom of assembly, speech, press, and religion were decreed and an eight-hour day for government employees was established. A public school system was begun and the U.S. Postal service was extended to the island. The highway system was enlarged, and bridges over the more important rivers were constructed. The government lottery was abolished, cockfighting was forbidden, and a centralized public health service established. Health

title: Currencies of Puerto Rico

text: 6, 1900. Thus, the bank continued issuing provincial currency in Puerto Rico, but was renamed "El Banco de Puerto Rico" or Bank of Puerto Rico. The capital used by the currency was changed from "peso" to dollars, giving birth to the Puerto Rican dollar. A proposal to print 1-dollar banknotes was suggested, but refused citing that it could "bring dangerous results". Series C bills were issued with a release date of "May 1, 1900" and were overstamped with "Moneda Americana" in bold red letters. They bore the signatures of the new bank governor Carlos María Soler and cashier Manuel Vicente.

title: Puerto Rico

text: approved the ballot's language". Former Governor Aníbal Acevedo Vilá (2005–2009) is convinced that statehood is not the solution for either the U.S. or for Puerto Rico "for economic, identity and cultural reasons". He pointed out that voter turnout for the 2017 referendum was extremely low, and suggests that a different type of mutually-beneficial relationship should be found. If the federal government agrees to discuss an association agreement, the conditions would be negotiated between the two entities. The agreement might cover topics such as the role of the U.S. military in Puerto Rico, the use of the U.S. currency, free trade

title: Currencies of Puerto Rico

text: the "Sociedad Numismática de Puerto Rico" (lit. "Numismatic Society of Puerto Rico") was founded in 1949. The society is usually composed of 25 to 50 members and it focuses in collecting and distributing both coins and banknotes from Puerto Rico to interested collectors. An annual exhibition along the "Sociedad Filatelica de Puerto Rico" (lit. "Philatelic Society of Puerto Rico") has been held in Plaza Las Américas since the commercial center's inauguration. Outside of this activity, Puerto Rican currency can be found locally in philatelic and numismatic as well as flea markets. At auctions, banknotes have been known to surpass bid

title: Currencies of Puerto Rico

text: bought Mexican pesos outside of Puerto Rico before importing them, in the process gaining a profit of up to 40 "centavos" per peso. In 1884, a number of different coins were countermarked with a fleur-de-lis for circulation on Puerto Rico. Spanish 2, 4 and 8 "reales", and 5 and 10 centimos, United States' 20 cents, quarters, halves and dollars were all countermarked and used until they were redeemed in 1894. By 1895, the coins circulating in Puerto Rico were mostly Mexican silver, creating a shortage of currency. To resolve this, Spain issued a Royal Decree stating that the Mexican coins

title: Puerto Rico

text: the Spanish–American War, until then celebrated as an annual Puerto Rico holiday. Puerto Rico adopted the name of "Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico" (literally "Associated Free State of Puerto Rico"), officially translated into English as Commonwealth, for its body politic. "The United States Congress legislates over many fundamental aspects of Puerto Rican life, including citizenship, the currency, the postal service, foreign policy, military defense, communications, labor relations, the environment, commerce, finance, health and welfare, and many others." During the 1950s and 1960s, Puerto Rico experienced rapid industrialization, due in large part to "Operación Manos a la Obra" ("Operation Bootstrap"),

title: Currencies of Puerto Rico

text: Pablo Ubarri, the members composing this partnership. The bank wasn't established immediately, this was because the currency being used in Puerto Rico was Mexican silver, which created problems and delayed the establishment date until early 1890. Until this point, the "Sociedad Anónima de Crédito Mercantil de Puerto Rico" continued in service, before disappearing in April. During this timeframe, they produced 100-"peso" banknotes featuring the lamb, Puerto Rico's official emblem. The bank was inaugurated on February 1, 1890, with Juan Róspide y Navarro and José Manuel López Sainz as governor and vice governor respectively. The Royal Decree permitted the issuing of

title: Puerto Rico

text: of Puerto Rico are the "reinita mora" or Puerto Rican spindalis (a type of bird), the "flor de maga" (a type of flower), and the "ceiba" or kapok (a type of tree). The unofficial animal and a symbol of Puerto Rican pride is the coquí, a small frog. Other popular symbols of Puerto Rico are the "jíbaro" (the "countryman"), and the carite. The architecture of Puerto Rico demonstrates a broad variety of traditions, styles and national influences accumulated over four centuries of Spanish rule, and a century of American rule. Spanish colonial architecture, Ibero-Islamic, art deco, post-modern, and many other

title: Political status of Puerto Rico

text: now and previously used by current and past possessions of the United States: Juan R. Torruella, a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit (which has jurisdiction over the Federal Court for the District of Puerto Rico), claims that the use of the term "commonwealth" is a label that "can deceive and obscure the true nature of things". He contends that Puerto Rico is obviously not a state, and that "neither Puerto Rico's status nor its relationship with the U.S. supports any legitimate claim that a British type of 'commonwealth' exists between Puerto Rico and the

title: Currencies of Puerto Rico

text: these banknotes ceased after 1815. During the following decades, foreign coins became the widespread currency. In the 1860s and 1870s, banknotes reemerged. On February 1, 1890, the "Banco Español de Puerto Rico" was inaugurated and began issuing banknotes. The bank designed four series and placed three in circulation under Spanish rule. In 1895, a Royal Decree ordered the production of provincial "peso" coins. On August 13, 1898, the Spanish–American War ended with Spain ceding Puerto Rico to the United States. The "Banco Español de Puerto Rico" was renamed Bank of Porto Rico and issued bills equivalent to the United States

title: Public housing in Puerto Rico

text: Public housing in Puerto Rico Public housing in Puerto Rico is a subsidized system of housing units, mostly consisting of housing projects ("Residenciales", "Barriadas", or "Caserios Publicos", in Spanish), which are provided for low-income families in Puerto Rico. The system is mainly financed with programs from the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). There are 322 public housing developments in Puerto Rico. Neighborhoods in Puerto Rico are often divided into three types: barrio, "urbanización" (urbanization) and "residencial público" (public housing). An "urbanización" is a type of housing where land is developed

title: History of women in Puerto Rico

text: of their new homeland. Their influence in Puerto Rico is very much present and in evidence in the island's cuisine, literature and arts. A good example of their contributions to the culture of Puerto Rico is Edna Coll, a Puerto Rican of Irish descent. She was an educator, author and one of the founders of the Academy of Fine Arts in Puerto Rico. The cultural customs and traditions of the women who immigrated to Puerto Rico from non-Hispanic nations blended in with those of the Taino, Spanish and African to become what is now the culture, customs and traditions of

title: Currencies of Puerto Rico

text: the Bank of Puerto Rico, American investors saw an opportunity to establish banks in Puerto Rico. The first of these was the American Colonial Bank, which opened in 1899. The establishment of national banks was proposed to the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, with charters being eventually established in June 1900. The requirements for establishing a bank under this grant of authority, demanded that at least three-fourths of the board of directors lived in Puerto Rico at least for a year. It took the group two years to meet these regulations, but in 1902 the First National Bank

title: Economy of Puerto Rico

text: currency. Because of this, Puerto Rico does not control its money supply nor its interest rates, being subject instead to the monetary policy of the United States particularly to the operations performed by the Federal Reserve System. Puerto Rico, however, has a representative in the Federal Reserve Bank of New York through a local businessman by the name of Richard Carrión, Chairman and CEO of Popular, Inc., who has served as member of the board for the reserve bank several times. The public debt of Puerto Rico has grown at a faster pace than the growth of its economy, reaching

title: Misters of Puerto Rico

text: Misters of Puerto Rico "Mister Puerto Rico" is the common name or sash used to identify a Puerto Rican representative in an international male beauty pageant. It is an annual male pageant held in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Currently, "Mister Puerto Rico Model" and "Mister Puerto Rico Teenager" are the most important male beauty pageant event. Each year both events are held to select the representatives from the island. Misters of Puerto Rico, is considered the largest, most important and prestigious event of fashion and male beauty in Puerto Rico. Sixteen-year history, this event has consolidated as a solid local

title: Currencies of Puerto Rico

text: them as "territorial" currency, this being the only unit of exchange of this kind that is recognized by the United States Department of the Treasury. Objects from Puerto Rico are constantly featured in specialized magazines, in both national and international distribution. The Puerto Rican dollars that were collected by the government, were burned between January 16–24, 1925, drastically reducing the amount of surviving notes from the Bank of Puerto Rico. The Great Depression reduced their numbers further, since necessity prevented the collection of "pesos" in large denominations. Thus less than five exemplars are known to exist of the 100 and

title: Anarchism in Puerto Rico

text: to Puerto Rico, considering them unsatisfactory and unrevolutionary, instead promoting anarcho-syndicalism as the real solution. Sandalio Marcial attacked the Union Party on the topic, arguing that the institution did not argue in favor of removing power from the capitalists and that Puerto Rico would still remain economically tied to the United States, a type of "bourgeois independence". In 1914's "Cuatro siglos de ingnorancia y servidumbre en Puerto Rico", socialist Rojas argued that even if Puerto Rico became independent, the economy would be in the hands of "foreign capitalists" and argued that in order to overcome capitalism, patriotic ideas would need

title: Misters of Puerto Rico

text: and international prestige. The aim of Mister Puerto Rico is presenting a series of exhibitions and workshop development for the Puerto Rican male. The organization Misters of Puerto Rico aims to develop personal and professional growth of modern man. Candidates Misters of Puerto Rico, live an enriching and learning experience, focusing on charitable causes and events of great significance in Puerto Rico. All activities promote the growth of the candidate to the "Final Competition": Misters of Puerto Rico "Mister Puerto Rico" is the common name or sash used to identify a Puerto Rican representative in an international male beauty pageant.

title: Scouting in Puerto Rico

text: also widely understood and used in English in Puerto Rico. The Council's newsletter is called "Niña Escucha". Girl Scouts earn a uniquely designed badge created by the council called "Los Faros de Puerto Rico" (The Lighthouses of Puerto Rico). In 2006, painter Moisés Fragela donated one of his paintings entitled "Quedo en Nada" ("Left in Nothing") to the Caribe Council which was sold in auction for funding part of the renovations and improvements towards the council's campsites. Scouting in Puerto Rico Scouting in Puerto Rico has a long history, from the 1920s to the present day, serving both boys and

title: Military of Puerto Rico

text: Rico Air National Guard) Muñiz Air Base (the C-130 Fleet). In recent years, the U.S. Congress has considered their deactivations, but these have been opposed by diverse public and private entities in Puerto Rico - such as retired military who rely on Ft. Buchanan for the services available there. The coastal defense of Puerto Rico is the responsibility of the U.S. Navy from ships at sea, and the U.S. Coast Guard. The United States Coast Guard has a significant presence in Puerto Rico. Located on what was formerly Ramey Air Force Base, the Coast Guard maintains what is now referred

title: Postal codes in Puerto Rico

text: Postal codes in Puerto Rico Postal codes in Puerto Rico, a United States commonwealth, are part of the United States ZIP code system. Puerto Rico is allocated the ZIP codes 00600 to 00799 and 00900 to 00999; the 008xx codes are allocated to the nearby United States Virgin Islands. Both Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands are served from the sectional center facility (SCF) of San Juan, Puerto Rico. ZIP codes in the 006xx range are used in northwestern Puerto Rico; 007xx in southeast Puerto Rico; and 009xx in the San Juan Metropolitan Area. As in the rest of

title: Independence movement in Puerto Rico

text: of a referendum, to indicate what type of arrangement they preferred, voted to seek admission as a state into the United States. 61.16% voted for statehood, 33.34% voted for free association and 5.49% voted for independence. Hundreds of thousands of voters abstained from the question, so the proportion of voters was actually 45% rather than a majority. In 1919, Puerto Rico had two major organizations that supported independence: the Nationalist Youth and the Independence Association. Also in 1919, José Coll y Cuchí, a member of the Union Party of Puerto Rico, left the party and formed the Nationalist Association of

title: Sovereigntism (Puerto Rico)

text: determine the preference: full independence as a nation or associated free state status with independence but with a "free and voluntary political association" between Puerto Rico and the United States. The specifics of the association agreement would be detailed in the Compact of Free Association that would be negotiated between the U.S. and Puerto Rico. That document might cover topics such as the role of the US military in Puerto Rico, the use of the US currency, free trade between the two entities, and whether Puerto Ricans would be U.S. citizens. Governor Ricardo Rosselló was strongly in favor of statehood

title: History of women in Puerto Rico

text: History of women in Puerto Rico The recorded history of women in Puerto Rico can trace its roots back to the era of the "Taíno", the indigenous people of the Caribbean, who inhabited the island that they called "Boriken" before the arrival of Spaniards. During the Spanish colonization the cultures and customs of the Taíno, Spanish, African and women from non-Hispanic European countries blended into what became the culture and customs of Puerto Rico. In the early part of the 19th Century the women in Puerto Rico were Spanish subjects and had few individual rights. Those who belonged to the

title: Statehood movement in Puerto Rico

text: of the U.S. military in Puerto Rico, the use of the US currency, free trade between the two entities, and whether Puerto Ricans would be U.S. citizens. The three current Free Associated States use the American dollar, receive some financial support and the promise of military defense if they refuse military access to any other country. Their citizens are allowed to work in the U.S. and serve in its military. Since 1953, the UN has been considering the Political status of Puerto Rico and how to assist it in achieving "independence" or "decolonization". In 1978, the Special Committee determined that

title: Political status of Puerto Rico

text: of Free Association that would be negotiated between the U.S. and Puerto Rico. That document might cover topics such as the role of the U.S. military in Puerto Rico, the use of the U.S. currency, free trade between the two entities, and whether Puerto Ricans would be U.S. citizens. Governor Ricardo Rosselló is strongly in favor of statehood to help develop the economy and help to "solve our 500-year-old colonial dilemma ... Colonialism is not an option ... It’s a civil rights issue ... 3.5 million citizens seeking an absolute democracy," he told the news media. Statehood might be useful

title: Politics of Puerto Rico

text: latitude over its internal affairs than the U.S. territories of Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa. Puerto Rico has approximately the same degree of authority over its internal affairs as an American state. However, it does not have the sovereignty that a state of the Union has, given that Puerto Rico is a possession of the United States and it is, thus, not protected by the US Constitution as states are. The United States federal government controls interstate trade, foreign commerce, customs, aviation and navigation, immigration, currency, all military and naval matters, radio and television communications, mining and

title: Manufacturing in Puerto Rico

text: Manufacturing in Puerto Rico Manufacturing in Puerto Rico is the largest economic sector in the economy of Puerto Rico; composing almost half (about 46%) of the gross domestic product (GDP) of Puerto Rico. All manufacturers in Puerto Rico are in some way interconnected with the Puerto Rico Industrial Development Company (PRIDCO) which provides substantial incentives for companies that manufacture in Puerto Rico. Manufacturers are also voluntarily interconnected through the Puerto Rico Manufacturers Association which serves as their primary trade association and their main lobby group upon the Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico. Most manufacturing in Puerto Rico today is the

title: Education in Puerto Rico

text: Also, this can be very opinionated depending on what people are pursuing. The three major university systems on the island are the University of Puerto Rico with 11 campuses, the Ana G. Méndez University System (SUAGM) with 3 major campuses and some satellites, and the Interamerican University of Puerto Rico (Inter) with 9 campuses and 2 specialized schools. The University of Puerto Rico performs the following" The system is a source of patronage. Its board of trustees, chancellor, rectors, deans, and program directors changing whenever a different political party gains power (about every 4 or 8 years) as the university

title: Puerto Ricans for Puerto Rico Party

text: In fact, candidates and officials of PPR are actually people with diverse opinions on what the future status of Puerto Rico should be. PPR has managed to enlist in one same party followers of Statehood, Independence, and Commonwealth. The party's stance is that the issue of the status of Puerto Rico should be discussed after bigger problems that affect Puerto Ricans' daily life are resolved. Puerto Ricans for Puerto Rico Party The Puerto Ricans for Puerto Rico Party (, PPR) is a Puerto Rican political party. Founded in 2003, it was certified for the first time by the State Electoral

title: Flag of Puerto Rico

text: assemblies of the pro-independence Liberal Party of Puerto Rico and in defiance by the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party. In 1932, the Nationalist Party used the flag as its emblem during the elections and in their parades. The Puerto Rico legislature presided by then President of the Puerto Rican Senate Luis Muñoz Marín, passed a bill on May 21, 1948, known as Law 53, making it illegal to display the Puerto Rico Flag, sing a Puerto Rican patriotic song and talk of independence for the islands of Puerto Rico. On June 10, 1948, the United States-appointed Governor of Puerto Rico, Jesús

title: Manufacturing in Puerto Rico

text: product of Operation Bootstrap. Manufacturing in Puerto Rico Manufacturing in Puerto Rico is the largest economic sector in the economy of Puerto Rico; composing almost half (about 46%) of the gross domestic product (GDP) of Puerto Rico. All manufacturers in Puerto Rico are in some way interconnected with the Puerto Rico Industrial Development Company (PRIDCO) which provides substantial incentives for companies that manufacture in Puerto Rico. Manufacturers are also voluntarily interconnected through the Puerto Rico Manufacturers Association which serves as their primary trade association and their main lobby group upon the Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico. Most manufacturing in Puerto

title: Fauna of Puerto Rico

text: and trends of Puerto Rican breeding bird populations. The information gathered by these surveys is used by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) to assess bird conservation priorities. Other conservation programs by the USFWS include the Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands Migratory Bird Conservation and the maintenance of 5 wildlife refuges at Cabo Rojo, Laguna Cartagena, Vieques, Culebra and Desecheo. Other institutions supporting bird conservation in Puerto Rico are the Puerto Rican Ornithological Society and the Puerto Rico National History Association. Marine conservation has recently garnered support in Puerto Rico. The archipelago has an estimated 700 miles (1,126.5

title: Independence movement in Puerto Rico

text: majority vote for the latter, a second vote will be held to determine the preference: full independence as a nation or associated free state status with independence but with a "free and voluntary political association" between Puerto Rico and the United States. The White House Task Force on Puerto Rico offers the following specifics: "Free Association is a type of independence. A compact of Free Association would establish a mutual agreement that would recognize that the United States and Puerto Rico are closely linked in specific ways as detailed in the compact. Compacts of this sort are based on the

title: Education in Puerto Rico

text: or graduate degree in Puerto Rico, although many find jobs out of the island. Education in Puerto Rico Education in Puerto Rico is overseen by the Department of Education of Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rico Education Council. The Department oversees all elementary and secondary public education while the Council oversees all academic standards and issues licenses to educational institutions wishing to operate or establish themselves in Puerto Rico. Instruction in Puerto Rico is compulsory between the ages of five and 18, which comprises the elementary and high school grades. Students in Puerto Rico may attend either public or private

title: Flag of Puerto Rico

text: Flag of Puerto Rico The flag of Puerto Rico represents and symbolizes the island of Puerto Rico and its people. The origins of the current flag of Puerto Rico, adopted by the commonwealth of Puerto Rico in 1952, can be traced to 1868, when the first Puerto Rican flag, "The Revolutionary Flag of Lares", was conceived by Dr. Ramón Emeterio Betances and embroidered by Mariana "Brazos de Oro" Bracetti. This flag was used in the short-lived Puerto Rican revolt against Spanish rule in the island, known as "El Grito de Lares". Juan de Mata Terreforte, an exiled veteran of "El

title: Currencies of Puerto Rico

text: one had to receive a Royal certification, a bureaucratic procedure which usually lasted several years. Once they reached an established deadline, the process would have to be repeated, taking an extended amount of time. From January 1, 1636, to December 15, 1637, Philip IV of Spain imposed an obligatory payment to the treasuries in Puerto Rico. The debt was to be paid with currency symbolized by legalized papers bearing a Royal seal. Researchers believe that the use of these documents had an impact in the production of banknotes in Puerto Rico. In due time, these documents would be short in

title: Puerto Rico

text: the capital city. The island's name was changed to "Porto Rico" by the United States after the Treaty of Paris of 1898. The anglicized name was used by the U.S. government and private enterprises. The name was changed back to Puerto Rico by a joint resolution in Congress introduced by Félix Córdova Dávila in 1931. The official name of the entity in Spanish is " ("free associated state of Puerto Rico"), while its official English name is Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. The ancient history of the archipelago which is now Puerto Rico is not well known. Unlike other indigenous cultures

title: Sports in Puerto Rico

text: by defeating Germany's Angelique Kerber in the women's singles tennis final. She became the first Puerto Rican female medalist in any sport. The following table has a list of Puerto Ricans, including people of Puerto Rican ancestry, who won Olympic medals. It must be noted that "Puerto Ricans" is a term also used to describe a resident of the United States who was "born in Puerto Rico or who traces their family ancestry to Puerto Rico." Not all represented the island, some represented the United States. Puerto Ricans have won a total of 34 Olympic medals, 25 for the United

title: Cultural diversity in Puerto Rico

text: Puerto Ricans were Spanish citizens before Puerto Rico was ceded to the United States under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898. After Puerto Rico was ceded, they became citizens of Puerto Rico. Before 1917, when the U.S. Congress passed the Jones-Shafroth Act, popularly called the Jones Act, which granted Puerto Ricans U.S. citizenship. Puerto Ricans who moved to New York were considered immigrants. Later several factors contributed and led to what came to be known as "The Great Migration" of Puerto Ricans to New York. These were the following: the Great Depression, World War II and the

title: Political status of Puerto Rico

text: "the world's oldest colony". (2001) Former chief justice of the Puerto Rico Supreme Court José Trías Monge wrote a book that referred to it as the "oldest colony in the world". Those who argue that Puerto Rico is still a colony insist that despite the UN resolution, Puerto Rico remains what some call a "post-colonial colony". Defenders of this point of view argue that Puerto Rico has less self-determination than before the U.S. invasion—it no longer has its own Puerto Rican citizenship, free maritime control, nor congressional representation as it did in the Spanish Cortes. Trías Monge argues that just

title: History of women in Puerto Rico

text: the 19th century. Most women were home educated. The first library in Puerto Rico was established in 1642, in the Convent of San Francisco, access to its books was limited to those who belonged to the religious order. The only women who had access to the libraries and who could afford books were the wives and daughters of Spanish government officials or wealthy land owners. Those who were poor had to resort to oral story-telling in what are traditionally known in Puerto Rico as Coplas and Decimas. Despite these limitations the women of Puerto Rico were proud of their homeland

title: University of Puerto Rico at Carolina

text: sports teams. University of Puerto Rico at Carolina The University of Puerto Rico at Carolina (UPRC or UPR-Carolina) is a state university located in the municipality of Carolina, Puerto Rico. UPR-Carolina is better known as CRCA or CUNICA from its former names in Spanish of "Colegio Regional de Carolina" and "Colegio Universitario de Carolina" respectively. The University of Puerto Rico at Carolina (UPRCA) is a regional college and it is the only one in the UPR system that offers the type of quarters, allowing complete studies in less time. This, given that specializes in highly dynamic and evolving disciplines such

title: University of Puerto Rico at Carolina

text: University of Puerto Rico at Carolina The University of Puerto Rico at Carolina (UPRC or UPR-Carolina) is a state university located in the municipality of Carolina, Puerto Rico. UPR-Carolina is better known as CRCA or CUNICA from its former names in Spanish of "Colegio Regional de Carolina" and "Colegio Universitario de Carolina" respectively. The University of Puerto Rico at Carolina (UPRCA) is a regional college and it is the only one in the UPR system that offers the type of quarters, allowing complete studies in less time. This, given that specializes in highly dynamic and evolving disciplines such as Hotel

title: Education in Puerto Rico

text: Education in Puerto Rico Education in Puerto Rico is overseen by the Department of Education of Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rico Education Council. The Department oversees all elementary and secondary public education while the Council oversees all academic standards and issues licenses to educational institutions wishing to operate or establish themselves in Puerto Rico. Instruction in Puerto Rico is compulsory between the ages of five and 18, which comprises the elementary and high school grades. Students in Puerto Rico may attend either public or private schools. As of 2013, the island had 1,460 public schools, 764 private schools, 606,515

title: Coat of arms of Puerto Rico

text: the usage of the seal has been limited to being the official emblem used to represent Puerto Rico on its legal documents when they are sealed. The Seal of the Governor is the official symbol of the executive head of Puerto Rico. It follows the design used by the Seal of the President of the United States. There are several variants of the Governor's Seal in use. There are several seals of the different sections of the Puerto Rican government. Coat of arms of Puerto Rico The coat of arms of Puerto Rico was first granted by the Spanish Crown

title: Telephone numbers in Puerto Rico

text: has two area codes, 787 and 939. The new code is used mostly for wireless phones. Because of the overlay, the area code must be dialed for all calls. Telephone numbers in Puerto Rico Telephone numbers in Puerto Rico are assigned under the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). Prior to March 1, 1996, Puerto Rico was one of many Caribbean islands served by area code 809. On that date Puerto Rico was assigned the new area code 787 (with the mnemonic PUR or PTR). Permissive dialing of 809 ended January 31, 1997. As elsewhere in the NANP region, increasing use

title: Internet Exchange of Puerto Rico

text: Internet Exchange of Puerto Rico The Internet Exchange of Puerto Rico (IXPR) was an internet exchange point situated in San Juan, Puerto Rico. It was established on November 22, 2005 by the Gauss Research Laboratory of the University of Puerto Rico. Packet Clearing House (PCH) and Dell donated the equipment while Bill Woodcock from PCH served as technical advisor. IXPR was the first internet exchange point set in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean. Centennial de Puerto Rico, ULTRACOM, Caribe.Net, and the University of Puerto Rico were the first nodes to exchange data through the point. IXPR used a Cisco gigabit

title: Mayors in Puerto Rico

text: Mayors in Puerto Rico The mayors of Puerto Rico encompass the different mayors of the municipalities of Puerto Rico; each mayor being the highest-ranking officer of their corresponding municipality. Several laws existed that created the post of mayor in each municipality but they were all repealed in favor of a broad and encompassing law known as the Autonomous Municipalities Act of 1991. The mayors do not constitute a body, and are not required by law to do so, but they have voluntarily assembled into two organizations: Each mayor is also the commander-in-chief of its corresponding municipal police. Historically mayors used

title: Flag of Puerto Rico

text: de Yauco" revolt. The use and display of the Puerto Rican flag was outlawed and the only flags permitted to be flown in Puerto Rico were the Spanish flag (1492 to 1898) and the American flag (1898 to 1952). In 1952, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico adopted the 1895 flag design as its official standard. The color of the triangle that was used by the administration of Luis Muñoz Marín was the dark blue. In 1995, the government of Puerto Rico issued a regulation regarding the use of the Puerto Rican flag titled: "Reglamento sobre el Uso en Puerto Rico

title: Military of Puerto Rico

text: as the Puerto Rico Air National Guard— which performs missions equivalent to those of the Air National Guards of the U.S. states. The former Ramey Air Force Base in Aguadilla has been closed for decades, and no other Air Force Bases or Naval Air Stations remain. The Puerto Rico Air National Guard no longer has any fighter planes within its jurisdiction. On January 12, 1981, a group calling itself Volunteer Organization for the Revolution, aka Los Macheteros, claimed responsibility for blowing up six Vought A-7 Corsair aircraft in what is known as Base Muñiz; a Puerto Rico Air National Guard

title: Fauna of Puerto Rico

text: introduced to Puerto Rico is the honeybee. This animal competes with the endangered Puerto Rican parrot for secondary nesting cavities at the Caribbean National Forest. Africanized bees, which pose an even greater threat for secondary cavity nesters, have recently extended their range to Puerto Rico. Other introductions include 18 species of ant, one of the most abundant taxa in leaf litter habitats. The fauna of Puerto Rico has been subjected to human influence since the arrival of the Ortoiroid, Puerto Rico's first settlers, approximately 4,000 years ago. The native fauna was used by the island's indigenous population as a source

title: History of women in Puerto Rico

text: Puerto Rico. During the 19th century, women in Puerto Rico began to express themselves through their literary work. Among them was María Bibiana Benítez, Puerto Rico's first poet and playwright. In 1832, she published her first poem "La Ninfa de Puerto Rico" (The Nymph of Puerto Rico). Her niece, Alejandrina Benitez de Gautier, has been recognized as one of the island's great poets. The two female contributors to "Aguinaldo puertorriqueño" (Ode to Puerto Rico) (1843), are Alejandrina Benitez de Gautier and Benicia Aguayo. It is the first book dedicated exclusively to Puerto Rican authors. Other notable Puerto Rican female writers

title: Taxation in Puerto Rico

text: federal government, Puerto Rico-based corporations that intend to send funds to the US, and some others also pay federal income taxes (for example, Puerto Rico residents who earned income from sources outside Puerto Rico). In addition, because the cutoff point for income taxation is lower than that of the US IRS code, and the per-capita income in Puerto Rico is much lower than the average per-capita income on the mainland, more Puerto Rico residents pay income taxes to the local taxation authority than if the IRS code were applied to the island. That occurs because "the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico

title: Flag of Puerto Rico

text: the use in Puerto Rico of the flag of Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; Regulation No. 5282). In the regulation's "Artículo 2: Definiciones" and "Artículo 2: Descripción y simbolismo" (Article 2: Description and Article 2: Description and symbolism) the government specifies the colors to be used but does not specify any official color tones or shades and as such it is not unusual to see the flag with either tone of blue flown in official settings in Puerto Rico. Among the many occasions in which the flag has been used as a symbol of pride was when the flag arrived in

title: Taxation in Puerto Rico

text: Taxation in Puerto Rico The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico is a territory of the United States and Puerto Ricans are US citizens. However, Puerto Rico is not a US state. Because of this, only Puerto Rican residents who are government employees, and those with income sources outside of the territory, pay federal income tax. All other employers and employees pay no federal "income" taxes. However, residents of Puerto Rico and businesses operating in Puerto Rico do pay some federal taxes, and the commonwealth's government has its own taxes as well. In July 2018, approximately 21% of the labor force on

title: Sports in Puerto Rico

text: a.k.a. "El Gato" became the first Puerto Rican-born player and the second Hispanic to play for the Harlem Globetrotters. Puerto Rico had a Bobsled team in the 1992, 1994 and 1998 Winter Olympics. The sport of boxing was also introduced by the United States military which occupied Puerto Rico and the same as Basketball, boxing was used by the American soldiers as part of their physical training. Boxing competitions amongst the soldiers were open to the public. The first boxing match in Puerto Rico was held on January 15, 1899. Boxing has, for many years, disputed the top spot for

title: Humacao, Puerto Rico

text: the past. It is now used for private flights. Humacao is served by two freeways and one tolled expressway, therefore is one of a few cities in Puerto Rico with good access. Puerto Rico Highway 30, Autopista Cruz Ortiz Stella, serves as the main highway coming from the west (Caguas, Las Piedras), while Puerto Rico Highway 53 serves from the north (Fajardo, Naguabo) and south (Yabucoa). Puerto Rico Highway 60, the Carretera Dionisio Casillas, is a short freeway located entirely in Humacao, and has exits serving downtown Humacao and Anton Ruiz. Puerto Rico Highway 3, the main highway bordering the

title: Military of Puerto Rico

text: Military of Puerto Rico The military defense of Puerto Rico is the responsibility of the United States as part of the Treaty of Paris. Locally, Puerto Rico has its own National Guard, the Puerto Rico National Guard, and its own state defense force, the Puerto Rico State Guard, which, by local law, is under the authority of the Puerto Rico National Guard. The commander-in-chief of both forces is the governor of Puerto Rico, currently Ricky Rosselló, who delegates his authority to the Puerto Rico Adjutant General, currently Brigadier General Isabelo Rivera The Adjutant General, in turn, delegates the authority over

title: Elections in Puerto Rico

text: Elections in Puerto Rico Elections in Puerto Rico are guaranteed by Article VI of the Constitution of Puerto Rico and the Electoral Code of Puerto Rico for the 21st Century Act. All processes are overseen and managed in whole by the Puerto Rico State Elections Commission; an autonomous agency of the executive branch of the government of Puerto Rico. There are three types of electoral processes that occur in Puerto Rico: Citizens of the United States residing in Puerto Rico can not vote for their head of state, the President of the United States, due to the political status of

title: Football in Puerto Rico

text: major football leagues. In 2011, club football teams on the island made another monumental leap. The Puerto Rico Islanders joined the North American Soccer League, which is the new second tier of football in the United States. In addition, Puerto Rico United, Club Atlético River Plate Puerto Rico and Sevilla FC Puerto Rico moved to USL Pro, the new third tier of football in the United States. The Puerto Rico Soccer League held a 2011 season. However, the PRSL folded after the 2011 season, making the Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico the top tier league, even though it

title: Pueblo, San Juan, Puerto Rico

text: Pueblo, San Juan, Puerto Rico Río Piedras Pueblo, (officially just "Pueblo"), is one of eighteen barrios in the municipality of San Juan, Puerto Rico. Rio Piedras Pueblo is what used to be the urban center barrio of the former municipality of Río Piedras until 1951, when the municipality of Rio Piedras was absorbed by the municipality of San Juan. It has a population of 9,391 residing in land area of 0.72 sq. mi. (1.86 km²), resulting in a population density of 12,986.1 residents per square mile (5,013.96 km²). As many other urban centers in Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Pueblo has

title: Capitol of Puerto Rico

text: Commissioner of Puerto Rico. The Ramón Mellado Parsons Building houses Senate offices. The buildings that formerly housed the State Commission of Elections in Puerta de Tierra are currently used to house House archives, as well as administrative offices. The Architecture and Construction Archives at the University of Puerto Rico (AACUPR) is the custodian of the Capitol of Puerto Rico Collection (1924-1926). Approximately eight cubic feet in size, the collection contains architectural drawings, photographs and textual documents. The original drawings, executed in ink over drawing cloth, were produced by the Department of the Interior under the supervision of Puerto Rican architect

title: Flag of Puerto Rico

text: de la Bandera del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico", in which the government specifies the colors to be used but does not specify any official color tones or shades. Therefore, it is not uncommon to see the flag of Puerto Rico with different shades of blue displayed in the island. Several Puerto Rican flags, with darker shades than sky blue were aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery during its flight into outer space on March 15, 2009. The introduction of a flag in Puerto Rico can be traced to when Christopher Columbus landed on the island's shore and with the

title: Currencies of Puerto Rico

text: still featuring bilingual captions and exhibiting a higher degree of technical quality. In 1913, the charter granted by Spain expired and the bank was closed and its assets were liquidated. After this date, Puerto Rico's economy was fully integrated into the United States' currency system, while Puerto Rican dollars were redeemed for United States dollars. Banknotes valorized in millions continued in circulation, thus a collect was ordered and held between January 16 – 24, 1916. The remaining bills, with an estimated value of $14,872 were taken out of circulation nine years later by the Puerto Rico Commercial Bank. Parallel to

title: Currencies of Puerto Rico

text: dollar, creating the Puerto Rican dollar. In 1902, the First National Bank of Porto Rico issued banknotes in a parallel manner. Two more series were issued until 1913. After Puerto Rico's economy and monetary system was fully integrated into the United States' economic and monetary system, the Puerto Rican dollars were redeemed for those issued by the United States Treasury. The peso and dollar have been followed by other contemporary issues, including commemorative banknotes, private currency, and a quarter coin designed with Fort San Felipe del Morro in the face. After Juan Ponce de León began the colonization process of

title: Independence movement in Puerto Rico

text: national sovereignty of each country, and either nation can unilaterally terminate the association." The content of the Compact of Free Association might cover topics such as the role of the US military in Puerto Rico, the use of the U.S. currency, free trade between the two entities, and whether Puerto Ricans would be U.S. citizens. Governor Ricardo Rosselló is strongly in favor of statehood to help develop the economy and help to "solve our 500-year-old colonial dilemma ... Colonialism is not an option . ... It's a civil rights issue ... 3.5 million citizens seeking an absolute democracy," he told

title: President of the Senate of Puerto Rico

text: among [its] members." The Constitution, however, does not establish what a "President" is nor what its function should be. Internal rules adopted by the Senate through a simple resolution establish its definition, functions, responsibilities, and legal scope. Typically the president is responsible for the observance and compliance of the Senate's internal rules. He also typically: President of the Senate of Puerto Rico The President of the Senate of Puerto Rico () is the highest-ranking officer and the presiding officer of the Senate of Puerto Rico. The president has voting powers as it is elected amongst the own members of the

title: Flag of Puerto Rico

text: The flag is also the subject of the song "Qué Bonita Bandera" (What a beautiful flag) written in 1968 and made popular by Puerto Rican folksinger Florencio "Ramito" Morales Ramos. Astronaut Acaba, requested that the crew be awakened on March 19, 2009 (Day 5), with the Puerto Rico folklore song, sung by José González and Banda Criolla, during their space flight. In the 1950s Puerto Rico contacted Norway's Foreign Ministry in an attempt to have Norwegian shipping company Norled stop using a flag that has a significant likeness to Puerto Rico's flag. Norway has not legally challenged the shipping company's

title: Economy of Puerto Rico

text: Puerto Rico also has a local National Weather Service station which provides forecasts and public warnings, as well as a local Puerto Rico Seismic Network which tracks seismic activity and provides public warnings. The local national guard is the Puerto Rico National Guard which has a branch for ground forces, the Puerto Rico Army National Guard, and another for aerial warfare, the Puerto Rico Air National Guard. The state defense force is the Puerto Rico State Guard under the sole jurisdiction of the governor. Both the Puerto Rico National Guard and the Puerto Rico State Guard are considered two of

title: Judiciary of Puerto Rico

text: Judiciary of Puerto Rico The Judiciary of Puerto Rico is defined under the Constitution of Puerto Rico and consists of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico, Court of Appeals, and the Court of First Instance consisting of the Superior Courts and the Municipal Courts. The courts consist of the: The Supreme Court of Puerto Rico (") is the highest court of Puerto Rico, having judicial authority to interpret and decide questions of Puerto Rican law. The Court is analogous to one of the state supreme courts of the states of the United States; being the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico

title: Sovereigntism (Puerto Rico)

text: Sovereigntism (Puerto Rico) The free association movement in Puerto Rico refers to initiatives throughout the history of Puerto Rico aimed at changing the current political status of Puerto Rico to that of a sovereign freely associated state. Locally, the term "soberanista" (lit. "sovereignty supporter") refers to someone that seeks to redefine the relationship between Puerto Rico and the United States to that of a compact with full sovereignty. The term is mostly used in reference to those that support a compact of free association or a variation of this formula, commonly known as "Estado Libre Asociado (ELA) Soberano" (lit. "Sovereign

title: Cinema of Puerto Rico

text: Cinema of Puerto Rico The history of the Cinema industry in Puerto Rico begins with the US invasion of the island in 1898. At that time, the American soldiers brought cameras to record what they saw. It was not until the 1912 that Puerto Ricans would begin to produce their own films. After this, Puerto Rican cinema has developed at a slow pace. Despite this, the industry has produced several actors and actresses and one Academy Award nominated film (see List of Puerto Rican Academy Award winners and nominees). Starting in the late 1990s the Puerto Rican film industry saw

title: Senate of Puerto Rico

text: Senate of Puerto Rico The Senate of Puerto Rico () is the upper house of the Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico, the territorial legislature of Puerto Rico. The Senate, together with the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico, control the legislative branch of the government of Puerto Rico. The structure and responsibilities of the Senate are defined in Article III of the Constitution of Puerto Rico which vests all legislative power in the Legislative Assembly. Every bill must be passed by both, the Senate and the House, and signed by the Governor of Puerto Rico in order to become law.

title: Elections in Puerto Rico

text: then, if necessary, to district candidates with the largest proportion of the vote who have not been elected (sometimes called the "best loser" system). Elections in Puerto Rico Elections in Puerto Rico are guaranteed by Article VI of the Constitution of Puerto Rico and the Electoral Code of Puerto Rico for the 21st Century Act. All processes are overseen and managed in whole by the Puerto Rico State Elections Commission; an autonomous agency of the executive branch of the government of Puerto Rico. There are three types of electoral processes that occur in Puerto Rico: Citizens of the United States

title: Flag of Puerto Rico

text: position, that their flag is older than Puerto Rico's. The shipping company's flag is still in use, . Some of the flags which have at one time or another flown over Puerto Rican soil prior to Puerto Rico becoming a United States Territory: Flag of Puerto Rico The flag of Puerto Rico represents and symbolizes the island of Puerto Rico and its people. The origins of the current flag of Puerto Rico, adopted by the commonwealth of Puerto Rico in 1952, can be traced to 1868, when the first Puerto Rican flag, "The Revolutionary Flag of Lares", was conceived by

title: History of women in Puerto Rico

text: issuing "Certificates of Puerto Rican Citizenship" to anyone born in Puerto Rico or to anyone born outside of Puerto Rico with at least one parent who was born in Puerto Rico. Currently, women in Puerto Rico and outside of Puerto Rico have become active participants in the political and social landscape in both, their homeland and in the continental United States. Many of them are involved in the fields that were once limited to the male population and have thus, become influential leaders in their fields. Puerto Rico was originally called "Boriken" by the Taínos, which means: "La tierra del

title: History of women in Puerto Rico

text: in what is known as "Bozal" Spanish. They also introduced what became the typical dances of Puerto Rico such as the Bomba and the Plena, which are likewise rooted in Africa. African women also contributed to the development of Puerto Rican cuisine that has a strong African influence. The melange of flavors that make up the typical Puerto Rican cuisine counts with the African touch. Pasteles, small bundles of meat stuffed into a dough made of grated green banana (sometimes combined with pumpkin, potatoes, plantains, or yautía) and wrapped in plantain leaves, were devised by African women on the island

title: Dominican Republic immigration to Puerto Rico

text: however. The main Dominican parties campaign in Puerto Rico during presidential elections and raise important amounts of funds from the Dominican residents. Dominicans in Puerto Rico send millions of dollars per month to their relatives in the Dominican Republic, and are thus also important as a source of foreign currency for the D.R. The 2010 census estimated a population of 68,036 Dominicans in Puerto Rico, equal to 1.8% of the Commonwealth's population. Data from the 2000 census shows that 55% of this group lived in San Juan municipality, 11% in Carolina, and 7% in Bayamón. San Juan is about 9%

title: Puerto Rico political status plebiscites

text: the association agreement would be detailed in the Compact of Free Association that would be negotiated between the U.S. and Puerto Rico. That document might cover topics such as the role of the US military in Puerto Rico, the use of the US currency, free trade between the two entities, and whether Puerto Ricans would be U.S. citizens. Governor Ricardo Rosselló is strongly in favor of statehood to help develop the economy and help to "solve our 500-year-old colonial dilemma ... Colonialism is not an option ... It’s a civil rights issue ... 3.5 million citizens seeking an absolute democracy,"

title: Streetball in Puerto Rico

text: Streetball in Puerto Rico Linked to the popularity of basketball in Puerto Rico, the recurrence of streetball has become intertwined with the practice of the sport in all of its levels. Taking influence from the grassroots connection of Nuyorican streetballers to the Baloncesto Superior Nacional, the practice is widespread in Puerto Rico, with impromptu games being a highly common occurrence for decades. Organized streetball gained momentum in the early 2000s and soon became involved with the local urban culture, especially the Hip hop and Reggaeton industries, giving origin to teams like Puerto Rico Streetball and the Puerto Rico Streetballers. Organizations

title: Sports in Puerto Rico

text: the first round and lost against Honduras in the second round with an aggregate score of 6-2. Puerto Rico currently has a professional league called the Puerto Rico Soccer League which was founded in 2008 and is composed of 8 teams. It also had the Puerto Rico Islanders, which played in the North American Soccer League, the second tier of the American Soccer Pyramid. The team has been defunct since 2012; however, in June 2015 a new NASL team, Puerto Rico FC, was announced. In 2017, Puerto Rico Sol became the first women’s pro soccer club in the Caribbean. The

title: Sports in Puerto Rico

text: the notable players or former players are Jose "Cheo" Cruz, Juan González, Edgar Martínez, Victor Pellot, Jorge Posada and Bernie Williams. Chronological order of major events Puerto Rico has a winter baseball league named the Puerto Rico Baseball League that has operated since the early 20th century. The champion of the Puerto Rico league represents Puerto Rico is in the annual Caribbean World Series. It currently has six teams: The Puerto Rico national baseball team competes in international events, including the World Baseball Classic, separately from the United States. Hiram Bithorn Stadium in San Juan has hosted first-round games in

title: Cinema of Puerto Rico

text: seven-month theatrical release of "Broche de oro", directed by Raul Marchand. Cinema of Puerto Rico The history of the Cinema industry in Puerto Rico begins with the US invasion of the island in 1898. At that time, the American soldiers brought cameras to record what they saw. It was not until the 1912 that Puerto Ricans would begin to produce their own films. After this, Puerto Rican cinema has developed at a slow pace. Despite this, the industry has produced several actors and actresses and one Academy Award nominated film (see List of Puerto Rican Academy Award winners and nominees).

title: History of women in Puerto Rico

text: Rico has been issuing "Certificates of Puerto Rican Citizenship" to anyone born in Puerto Rico or to anyone born outside of Puerto Rico with at least one parent who was born in Puerto Rico. Kristina Brandi represented Puerto Rico in the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. She became the first tennis player representing Puerto Rico to win a singles match in an Olympic when she beat Jelena Kostanić from Croatia (7–5 and 6–1). She lost in the second round to Russian Anastasia Myskina. At the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Monica Puig made Olympic history when she

title: Currencies of Puerto Rico

text: Puerto Rico, the archipelago became a strategic military location, used by Spain to protect its colonies and possessions in America. Vessels used it as a main point for resupplying before attempting long voyages and trading became a key part of economy. However, when the mines and rivers in the main island of Puerto Rico, then known as San Juan Bautista, were depleted Puerto Rico began suffering from shortage of gold and its income was reduced drastically, precipitating a recession. Beginning in the 16th century, the Spanish Crown was forced to issue a monetary support decree to the archipelago known as

title: Puerto Rico

text: often used in the context of vegetation, natural phenomena, and native musical instruments. Similarly, words attributed to primarily West African languages were adopted in the contexts of foods, music, and dances, particularly in coastal towns with concentrations of descendants of Sub-Saharan Africans. The Roman Catholic Church was brought by Spanish colonists and gradually became the dominant religion in Puerto Rico. The first dioceses in the Americas, including that of Puerto Rico, were authorized by Pope Julius II in 1511. One Pope, John Paul II, visited Puerto Rico in October 1984. All municipalities in Puerto Rico have at least one Catholic

title: Museum of Transportation of Puerto Rico

text: for seminars and various other activities. Museum of Transportation of Puerto Rico The Museum Of Transportation (MOT) of Puerto Rico is a museum located in the town of Guaynabo, Puerto Rico which documents the history of transportation in Puerto Rico, from the canoes used by the natives, to the actual subway system located in the metro area known as the "Tren Urbano" (Urban Train). Founded in 2013, the museum began as an initiative by a group of local automotive enthusiasts. Consisting of an architecturally rich design inspired by other great and renowned museums from around the globe. The building consists

title: Museum of Transportation of Puerto Rico

text: Museum of Transportation of Puerto Rico The Museum Of Transportation (MOT) of Puerto Rico is a museum located in the town of Guaynabo, Puerto Rico which documents the history of transportation in Puerto Rico, from the canoes used by the natives, to the actual subway system located in the metro area known as the "Tren Urbano" (Urban Train). Founded in 2013, the museum began as an initiative by a group of local automotive enthusiasts. Consisting of an architecturally rich design inspired by other great and renowned museums from around the globe. The building consists on three floors and over 35,000

title: University of Puerto Rico

text: University of Puerto Rico The University of Puerto Rico (in Spanish, Universidad de Puerto Rico, or UPR) is the main public university system of Puerto Rico and a government-owned corporation of Puerto Rico. The largely Spanish-language institution consists of 11 campuses and has approximately 58,000 students and 5,300 faculty members. UPR has the largest and most diverse academic offerings in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean, with 472 academic programs of which 32 lead to a doctorate. In 1900, at Fajardo, the "Escuela Normal Industrial" (normal school) was established as the first higher education center in Puerto Rico. Its initial enrollment

title: Flag of Puerto Rico

text: the "Intentona de Yauco" (Attempted Coup of Yauco). The revolt, which was the second and last major attempt against the Spaniards in the island, was the first time that the flag of Puerto Rico was used on Puerto Rican soil. From December 10, 1898 (the date of the annexation of Puerto Rico by the United States) up until 1952, it was considered a felony to display the Puerto Rican flag in public; the only flag permitted to be flown on the island was the flag of the United States. However, the Puerto Rican flag was often used in the political

title: Sports in Puerto Rico

text: part of the intertwined history of sports in the United States and Puerto Rico. The following is the list and history of the most common sports practiced in Puerto Rico and other countries and of the Puerto Ricans or people of Puerto Rican descent who have excelled in those sports locally and/or in international events as representatives of Puerto Rico or any other country. The Taínos who inhabited Puerto Rico before the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492, played a series of games which were both ceremonial and diversional, such as races, contests involving body strength and fishing. However, the

title: Bomba (Puerto Rico)

text: University of Puerto Rico in Mayagüez. 1998 marked the 100-year anniversary of the United States invasion of Puerto Rico, and a time when popular discourse focused around national identity and colonialism throughout the island. Bomba (Puerto Rico) Bomba is both a traditional dance and musical style of Puerto Rico. Its origins are rooted in the island's history of African slavery but today has evolved into a community expression of Afro-Puerto Rican culture. While Bomba can be used as the generic name for a number of rhythms, its truly about a creative, interactive relationship between dancers, percussionists and singers. Today it's

title: History of women in Puerto Rico

text: Puerto Rico approved law number 102 that declared every March 2 "Día Internacional de la Mujer" (International Women's Day) as a tribute to the Puerto Rican women. However, the government of Puerto Rico decided that it would only be proper that a week instead of a day be dedicated in tribute to the accomplishments and contributions of the Puerto Rican women. Therefore, on September 16, 2004, the Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico passed law number 327, which declares the second week of the month of March the "Semana de la Mujer en Puerto Rico" (Women's week in Puerto Rico). In

title: Currencies of Puerto Rico

text: known to exhibit the piece, but didn't make it available for sale. More than a dozen $10 banknotes survived, seldom appearing at auctions. Other extremely rare banknotes include the 2 and 4 "real" notes of 1813 and all of the denominations issued by the "Caja de Ahorros de Ponce". In contrast, the paper money used by the Puerto Rico Railroad Company is still known to appear occasionally in the market. Outside of these, the clandestine bills issued by the Central Republican Board of Cuba and Puerto Rico, range from scarce (5-"peso" bill) to extremely rare (20-"peso" notes). In Puerto Rico,

title: Comptroller of Puerto Rico

text: Fortuño, confirmed and sworn in. The following people have served as comptrollers: Comptroller of Puerto Rico The Comptroller of Puerto Rico is a constitutionally-created office charged with carrying out post-audits of the use of public funds in Puerto Rico. The Comptroller is appointed by the Governor of Puerto Rico and requires the advice and consent of both the Senate of Puerto Rico as well as the Puerto Rico House of Representatives for a term of office of ten years and until a successor is nominated, confirmed and qualified. Former Comptroller Manuel Díaz Saldaña's was the longest-serving comptroller, having served almost

title: Illegal drugs in Puerto Rico

text: Puerto Rican society. A number of drug cartels have used Puerto Rico as a transfer point while trafficking cocaine to the mainland United States. Many Puerto Ricans have attributed increases in crime to the drug trade. This led to a major focus on crime and drugs in Puerto Rican politics. In response, federal and local law enforcement agencies have attempted to integrate their efforts to fight drug crime. Other strategies used by the government of Puerto Rico include longer sentences for criminals, increased funding for law enforcement equipment, and the construction of new prisons. At times, however, the DEA and

title: Comptroller of Puerto Rico

text: Comptroller of Puerto Rico The Comptroller of Puerto Rico is a constitutionally-created office charged with carrying out post-audits of the use of public funds in Puerto Rico. The Comptroller is appointed by the Governor of Puerto Rico and requires the advice and consent of both the Senate of Puerto Rico as well as the Puerto Rico House of Representatives for a term of office of ten years and until a successor is nominated, confirmed and qualified. Former Comptroller Manuel Díaz Saldaña's was the longest-serving comptroller, having served almost 13 years, until his successor, Yesmín Valdivieso, was appointed by Governor Luis

title: Economy of Puerto Rico

text: Economy of Puerto Rico The economy of Puerto Rico is classified as a high income economy by the World Bank and as the most competitive economy in Latin America by the World Economic Forum. The main drivers of its economy are manufacturing, primarily pharmaceuticals, textiles, petrochemicals, and electronics; followed by the service industry, notably finance, insurance, real estate, and tourism. The geography of Puerto Rico and its political status are both determining factors on its economic prosperity, primarily due to its relatively small size as an island; its lack of natural resources used to produce raw materials, and, consequently, its

title: English language in Puerto Rico

text: passed Senate Bill 1, establishing both Spanish and English as official languages of the government of Puerto Rico. In 2007, the Spanish-language newspaper "" reported that Spanish was still used on road signs such as "Pare" (Stop) and "Estacionamiento" (Parking), despite U.S. attempts to impose English on Puerto Rico since 1898. However, in 2009, the grassroots community cultural organization "Unidos por Nuestro Idioma" ("United for our language"), whose goal is "defending Spanish in Puerto Rico", expressed concern that the use of English terms on official road signs reading "Welcome to Guaynabo City", and on mass transit ("City Hall" and "Downtown")