query: what four countries are in the united kingdom?

title: Countries of the United Kingdom

text: Countries of the United Kingdom The United Kingdom (UK) comprises four countries: England, Scotland and Wales (which collectively make up Great Britain) and Northern Ireland (which is variously described as a country, province or region). Within the United Kingdom, a unitary sovereign state, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales have gained a degree of autonomy through the process of devolution. The UK Parliament and British Government deal with all "reserved matters" for Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, but not in general matters that have been devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly, Scottish Parliament and National Assembly for Wales. Additionally, devolution in

title: Countries of the United Kingdom

text: Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland as ""parts"" of the United Kingdom in the following clause: "Each constituency shall be wholly in one of the four parts of the United Kingdom (England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland)." The Royal Fine Art Commission's 1847 report on decorating the Palace of Westminster referred to "the nationality of the component parts of the United Kingdom" being represented by their four respective patron saints. "Regions": For purposes of NUTS 1 collection of statistical data in a format that is compatible with similar data that is collected elsewhere in the European Union, the United Kingdom has

title: Countries of the United Kingdom

text: of Ireland's Olympic team. In addition to Northern Ireland having its own national governing bodies for some sports such as Association football and Netball, for others, such as rugby union and cricket, Northern Ireland participates with the Republic of Ireland in a joint All-Ireland team. England and Wales field a joint cricket team. The United Kingdom participates in the Eurovision Song Contest as a single entity, though there have been calls for separate and Scottish and Welsh entrants. In 2018, Wales participated alone in the spin-off "Choir of the Year", placing second. Countries of the United Kingdom The United Kingdom

title: Religion in the United Kingdom

text: Europe with 82.3% of the population claiming Christian affiliation, with a decline of only 3.5% by the 2011 census, while "other religions" have increased in membership. Religion has been seen as both a product and a cause of political divisions in Northern Ireland. Christian Jewish Islamic Other Religion in the United Kingdom Religion in the United Kingdom, and in the countries that preceded it, has been dominated for over 1,400 years by various forms of Christianity. Religious affiliations of United Kingdom citizens are recorded by regular surveys, the four major ones being the national decennial census, the Labour Force Survey,

title: Caving in the United Kingdom

text: what. In about 2012 a central repository for survey data and drawn-up surveys was set up by the BCA and now contains a significant amount of UK (and some foreign, from expeditions) survey data. There are also projects which are attempting to assemble on-line maps and catalogues from repositories of surveys by overlaying them on satellite imagery: The most widely referenced guidebooks for caving the UK are: Caving in the United Kingdom The four major caving areas of the United Kingdom are in North Yorkshire, South Wales, Derbyshire, and Mendips. Minor areas include Devon, North Wales, and Grampian. One of

title: Countries of the United Kingdom

text: Northern Ireland is conditional on co-operation between the Northern Ireland Executive and the Government of Ireland (see North/South Ministerial Council) and the British Government consults with the Government of Ireland to reach agreement on some non-devolved matters for Northern Ireland (see British–Irish Intergovernmental Conference). England, comprising the majority of the population and area of the United Kingdom, remains fully the responsibility of the UK Parliament centralised in London. England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales are not themselves listed in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) list of countries. However the ISO list of the subdivisions of the UK, compiled by

title: Romania–United Kingdom relations

text: Romania–United Kingdom relations British–Romanian relations are bilateral foreign relations between United Kingdom and Romania. Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1880. Both countries are members of the European Union and NATO. The United Kingdom has an embassy in Bucharest and Romania has an embassy in London. In recent years relations between the United Kingdom and Romania have unfortunately soured due to what some hold to be xenophobic reports in the British press. Caused by economic decline in the United Kingdom, the European Union freedom of movement has also been criticised. Royal Bank of Scotland operated in Romania between 15 October

title: Human trafficking in the United Kingdom

text: victims nationalities are unknown in Scotland, but those that are known are generally from Asian and African countries. Human trafficking in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom (UK) is a destination country for men, women, and children primarily from Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe who are subjected to human trafficking for the purposes of sexual slavery and forced labour, including domestic servitude. It is ranked as a "Tier 1" country by the US Department of State which issues an annual report on human trafficking. "Tier 1" countries are those "Countries whose governments fully comply with The Trafficking Victims Protection Act's

title: Egyptians in the United Kingdom

text: Egyptians in the United Kingdom Egyptians in the United Kingdom are people of Egyptian ancestry who are citizens or residents of the United Kingdom. In Irish mythology, Scottish mythology, and pseudo history, an Egyptian princess named Scota is mentioned as having arrived in today's Scotland (and/or in Ireland) in a very early period of these countries' history. The historical veracity of the story is greatly doubted, however. And under the Roman Empire, Britannia and Egypt were two provinces of a single empire which had considerable trade and interaction between its constituent parts. However, if any Egyptians settled in Roman Britain,

title: Education in the United Kingdom

text: Education in the United Kingdom Education in the United Kingdom is a devolved matter with each of the countries of the United Kingdom having separate systems under separate governments: the UK Government is responsible for England; whilst the Scottish Government, the Welsh Government and the Northern Ireland Executive are responsible for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, respectively. For details of education in each region, see: In each country there are five stages of education: early years, primary, secondary, further education (FE) and higher education (HE).. The law states that full time education is compulsory for all children between the ages

title: Education in the United Kingdom

text: that will leave a lifetime of damage … We are failing an entire generation of young people." There were calls for a change in school culture with a switch of focus from exams to wellbeing. Education in the United Kingdom Education in the United Kingdom is a devolved matter with each of the countries of the United Kingdom having separate systems under separate governments: the UK Government is responsible for England; whilst the Scottish Government, the Welsh Government and the Northern Ireland Executive are responsible for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, respectively. For details of education in each region, see:

title: Countries of the United Kingdom

text: the terms "England", "Wales" and the "United Kingdom", but neither that Act nor any other current statute defines "Scotland" or "Northern Ireland". Use of the first three terms in other legislation is interpreted following the definitions in the 1978 Act. The definitions in the 1978 Act are listed below: In the Scotland Act 1998 there is no delineation of Scotland, with the definition in section 126 simply providing that Scotland includes "so much of the internal waters and territorial sea of the United Kingdom as are adjacent to Scotland". The Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 refers to England,

title: Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom

text: Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom provide emergency care to people with acute illness or injury and are predominantly provided free at the point of use by the four National Health Services of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Emergency care including ambulance and emergency department treatment is free to everyone, regardless of immigration or visitor status. The NHS commissions most emergency medical services through the 14 NHS organisations with ambulance responsibility across the UK (11 in England, 1 each in the other three countries). As with other emergency services, the public

title: Public holidays in the United Kingdom

text: areas in Scotland did not have Monday 4 June as a holiday. Public holidays in the United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, public holidays are days on which most businesses and non-essential services are closed, although an increasing number of retail businesses (especially the larger ones) do open on some of the public holidays. There are restrictions on trading on Sundays and Christmas Day in England and Wales and on New Year's Day and Christmas Day in Scotland. Legally defined holidays, analogous to "public holidays" in many other countries, are usually called bank holidays in the United Kingdom, but can

title: Public holidays in the United Kingdom

text: Public holidays in the United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, public holidays are days on which most businesses and non-essential services are closed, although an increasing number of retail businesses (especially the larger ones) do open on some of the public holidays. There are restrictions on trading on Sundays and Christmas Day in England and Wales and on New Year's Day and Christmas Day in Scotland. Legally defined holidays, analogous to "public holidays" in many other countries, are usually called bank holidays in the United Kingdom, but can also be referred to as "public holidays"; strictly, however, "public holidays" refer

title: Culture of the United Kingdom

text: Minority Languages, the UK Government has committed to the promotion of certain linguistic traditions. The United Kingdom has ratified the charter for: Welsh (in Wales), Scottish Gaelic and Scots (in Scotland), Cornish (in Cornwall), and Irish and Ulster Scots (in Northern Ireland). British Sign Language is also a recognised language. Owing to its long history, dialects and regional accents vary amongst the four countries of the United Kingdom, as well as within the countries themselves. Some nearby cities have different dialects and accents, such as Scousers from Liverpool and Mancunians from Manchester, which are separated by just 35 miles (56

title: Countries of the United Kingdom

text: Cornish people are a recognised national minority, included under the terms of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities in 2014. Each of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales has separate national governing bodies for sports and competes separately in many international sporting competitions. Each country of the United Kingdom has a national football team, and competes as a separate national team in the various disciplines in the Commonwealth Games. At the Olympic Games, the United Kingdom is represented by the Great Britain and Northern Ireland team, although athletes from Northern Ireland can choose to join the Republic

title: Sport in the United Kingdom

text: century and today is the highest profile sport in the United Kingdom by a very wide margin. This has been the case for generations, but the gap is widely perceived to have increased since the early 1990s, and football's dominance is often seen as a threat to other sports. Each of the four countries in the UK organises its own football league; there are however a few teams who play in another country. The only major national team competition won by a Home Nation is the 1966 World Cup, which England hosted and won, though clubs in both the Scottish

title: Philippines–United Kingdom relations

text: Philippines–United Kingdom relations Philippines – United Kingdom relations refers to the bilateral relations between the Republic of the Philippines and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Formal diplomatic relations were established between the two countries on July 4, 1946. Relations between the two countries are cordial. Relations between the Philippines and the United Kingdom date to Sir Francis Drake's arrival in Mindanao in 1579 after an almost three year circumnavigational voyage aboard Golden Hind. Economic ties defined relations for the next four centuries. The Philippines became a part of the footprint of the East India Company. British

title: Energy in the United Kingdom

text: 2007 and 2015, the UK's peak electrical demand fell from 61.5 GW to 52.7.GW. While in some ways limited by which powers are devolved, the four countries of the United Kingdom have different energy mixes and ambitions. Scotland currently has a target of 80% of electricity from renewables by 2020, which was increased from an original ambition of 50% by 2020 after it exceeded its interim target of 31 per cent by 2011. It has a quarter of the EU's estimated offshore wind potential, and is at the forefront of testing various marine energy systems. Britain's fleet of operational reactors

title: History of local government in the United Kingdom

text: government in Northern Ireland, the Welsh Assembly exercises power over local government in Wales and the UK Parliament continues to exercise power over local government in England. For details of the history of local government in each country, see: History of local government in the United Kingdom The history of local government in the United Kingdom covers the development of local government in the United Kingdom since its formation in 1707. Each of the four countries of the United Kingdom has a separate system of local government with origins that predate the UK itself. Little changed until the 19th century

title: Listed buildings in the United Kingdom

text: used in different parts of the United Kingdom: The lists for the countries of the UK are at: Listed buildings in the United Kingdom This is a list of Listed buildings in the United Kingdom. The organization of the lists in this series is on the same basis as the statutory registers, which generally rely on counties. For England and Wales, the county names are broadly those of the ceremonial counties of England and Wales and do not always match the current administrative areas, whereas in most cases they parallel the current subdivisions of Scotland. In Northern Ireland the province's

text: History of local government in the United Kingdom The history of local government in the United Kingdom covers the development of local government in the United Kingdom since its formation in 1707. Each of the four countries of the United Kingdom has a separate system of local government with origins that predate the UK itself. Little changed until the 19th century after which each system experienced a constant evolution of organisation and function. Following devolution at the end of the 20th century, the Scottish Parliament exercises power over local government in Scotland, the Northern Ireland Assembly exercises power over local

title: Religion in the United Kingdom

text: Methodists and Baptists. This, and the relatively large number of individuals with nominal or no religious affiliations, has led commentators to variously describe the United Kingdom as a multi-faith and secularised society. The United Kingdom was formed by the union of previously independent countries in 1707, and consequently most of the largest religious groups do not have UK-wide organisational structures. While some groups have separate structures for the individual countries of the United Kingdom, others have a single structure covering England and Wales or Great Britain. Similarly, due to the relatively recent creation of Northern Ireland in 1921, most major

title: Italians in the United Kingdom

text: figure amongst EU countries and ninth globally. Italians and British-born people of Italian descent reside across the entire UK. Also unlike many ethnic groups in the country, there are substantial numbers of Italians outside England. Locations with significant Italian populations include London, where the 2011 Census recorded 62,050 Italian-born residents, Manchester with an estimated 25,000 people of Italian ethnicity, Bedford with an estimated 20,000 ethnic Italians, and Glasgow, which is home to a large percentage of the estimated 35,000+ Italian Scots. Italians in the United Kingdom Italians in the United Kingdom, also known as British Italians or colloquially Britalians, are

title: Ireland–United Kingdom relations

text: states: Ireland (alternatively described as the "Republic of Ireland") and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom comprises four countries of the United Kingdom. All but Northern Ireland have been independent states at one point. There are also three Crown dependencies, Guernsey, Jersey and the Isle of Man, in the archipelago which are not part of the United Kingdom, although the United Kingdom maintains responsibility for certain affairs such as international affairs and ensuring good governance, on behalf of the British crown, and can legislate directly for them. These participate in the shared institutions created

title: Bahrain–United Kingdom relations

text: On 11 October 2012, a defence co-operation agreement was signed between Bahrain and the United Kingdom to promote intelligence sharing, education, scientific and technical co-operation and joint training of military forces. Bahrain–United Kingdom relations Bahrain – United Kingdom relations are bilateral relations between Kingdom of Bahrain and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Bahrain has an embassy in London and the United Kingdom is one of only four European countries to maintain an embassy in Manama. Bahrain gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1971 and has since maintained strong diplomatic, military and trade relations. At the

title: Marquesses in the United Kingdom

text: Marquesses in the United Kingdom Marquess is a rank of nobility in the peerages of the United Kingdom. Unlike the position on the continent of Europe, in the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Ireland, and later in Great Britain and the United Kingdom, the monarch is the only one capable of awarding titles of nobility. There are currently thirty-four such marquessates (see List). The first marquess in England was Robert de Vere, 9th Earl of Oxford, who was appointed the Marquess of Dublin by King Richard II of England on 1 December 1385. On 13 October 1386, the patent

title: Religion in the United Kingdom

text: religious groups in Northern Ireland are organised on an all-Ireland basis. While the United Kingdom as a whole has no official religion, the Church of England remains the state church of its largest constituent country, England. The Monarch of the United Kingdom is the Supreme Governor of the Church, and accordingly, only a Protestant may inherit the British throne. Pre-Roman forms of religion in Britain included various forms of ancestor worship and paganism. Little is known about the details of such religions (see British paganism). Forms of Christianity have dominated religious life in what is now the United Kingdom for

title: Culture of the United Kingdom

text: Culture of the United Kingdom The United Kingdom's culture is influenced by its history as a developed state, a liberal democracy and a great power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism. The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture. British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture. The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology, producing

title: Police use of firearms in the United Kingdom

text: Jean Charles de Menezes, mistakenly identified as a suicide bomber three days prior, and to acknowledge and defend the policy, saying that "There is no point in shooting at someone's chest because that is where the bomb is likely to be. There is no point in shooting anywhere else if they fall down and detonate it." Police use of firearms in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom is made up of four constituent countries: England, Scotland, Wales (which make up Great Britain), and Northern Ireland. In Northern Ireland, all police officers carry firearms. In the rest of the United Kingdom,

text: Police use of firearms in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom is made up of four constituent countries: England, Scotland, Wales (which make up Great Britain), and Northern Ireland. In Northern Ireland, all police officers carry firearms. In the rest of the United Kingdom, the majority of police officers do not carry firearms; that duty is instead carried out by specially-trained firearms officers. This originates from the formation of the Metropolitan Police Service in the 19th century, when police were not armed, partly to counter public fears and objections over armed enforcers as this had been previously seen due to

title: Bahrain–United Kingdom relations

text: Bahrain–United Kingdom relations Bahrain – United Kingdom relations are bilateral relations between Kingdom of Bahrain and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Bahrain has an embassy in London and the United Kingdom is one of only four European countries to maintain an embassy in Manama. Bahrain gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1971 and has since maintained strong diplomatic, military and trade relations. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, Britain, then the dominant power in the region, was attempting to end piracy in the Persian Gulf to secure maritime trading routes to its East India

title: Separatism in the United Kingdom

text: a city-state separate from the United Kingdom. Separatism in the United Kingdom Separatism in the United Kingdom may refer to the separation of any of the countries (England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, Wales) or historical regions (such as Ulster, Cornwall, and Cumbria). On the political level, some English nationalists have advocated self-government for England. This could take the form either of a devolved English Parliament within the United Kingdom or the re-establishment of an independent sovereign state of England outside the UK. The separatist organizations include the English Independence Party, England First Party and English People's Liberation Army. Scottish independence is

title: Water supply and sanitation in the United Kingdom

text: Water supply and sanitation in the United Kingdom Public water supply and sanitation in the United Kingdom is characterised by universal access and generally good service quality. A salient feature of the sector in the United Kingdom compared to other developed countries is the diversity of institutional arrangements between the constituting parts of the UK (England and Wales; Scotland; and Northern Ireland), which are each described in separate articles, while this article is devoted to some common issues across the United Kingdom. Access to improved water supply and sanitation in the UK is universal. In 2015, 100% of the population

title: Poles in the United Kingdom

text: Poles in the United Kingdom The Polish community in the United Kingdom since the mid-20th century largely stems from the Polish presence in the British Isles during the Second World War, when Poles made a substantial contribution to the Allied war effort. Most of the Poles who came to the United Kingdom at that time comprised military units reconstituted outside Poland after the German and Soviet invasions of Poland. However, exchanges between the two countries date back to medieval times, when Britain and Poland were linked by trade and diplomacy. A notable 16th-century Polish immigrant to England was the Protestant

title: Separatism in the United Kingdom

text: Separatism in the United Kingdom Separatism in the United Kingdom may refer to the separation of any of the countries (England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, Wales) or historical regions (such as Ulster, Cornwall, and Cumbria). On the political level, some English nationalists have advocated self-government for England. This could take the form either of a devolved English Parliament within the United Kingdom or the re-establishment of an independent sovereign state of England outside the UK. The separatist organizations include the English Independence Party, England First Party and English People's Liberation Army. Scottish independence is supported most prominently by the Scottish National

title: Youth unemployment in the United Kingdom

text: worse in London when compared against the national average. London’s Poverty Profile shows that in 2012 one in four economically active young adults in London were unemployed, compared to 20% for the rest of England. Statistics for October 2012 suggest that among university graduates in the United Kingdom, 62% have jobs six months after university and 9% are unemployed. There is debate as to the causes of youth unemployment. Some of the causes of youth unemployment in the United Kingdom are not specific to young people. Widely cited causes of youth unemployment in the United Kingdom include these: Some alternative

title: Football in the United Kingdom

text: Football in the United Kingdom Association football is organised on a separate basis in each of the four constituent countries that make up the United Kingdom (UK), with each having a national football association responsible for the overall management of football within their respective country. There is no United Kingdom national football team. Football has been the most popular sport in the UK since the 1860s. Rugby union, rugby league and cricket are other popular sports. For details about football in the four countries, see: This article provides some comparisons concerning football in the different countries. Each of the countries

title: Religion in the United Kingdom

text: Religion in the United Kingdom Religion in the United Kingdom, and in the countries that preceded it, has been dominated for over 1,400 years by various forms of Christianity. Religious affiliations of United Kingdom citizens are recorded by regular surveys, the four major ones being the national decennial census, the Labour Force Survey, the British Social Attitudes survey and the European Social Survey. According to the 2011 Census, Christianity is the majority religion, followed by Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, Judaism and Buddhism in terms of number of adherents. Among Christians, Anglicans are the most common denomination, followed by the Catholics, Presbyterians,

title: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest

text: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest The United Kingdom has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 61 times and is one of the most successful countries to compete in the contest. They first participated in the second contest in 1957. The UK has entered every year since 1959, and along with Sweden, is one of only two countries with Eurovision victories in four different decades. The United Kingdom is one of the "Big 5", along with France, Germany, Italy and Spain who are automatically allowed to participate in the final as they are the five biggest financial contributors to

title: Taxation in the United Kingdom

text: prevent double taxation the United Kingdom has agreements with many countries to allow offset against United Kingdom tax what is deemed paid abroad. These deemed amounts paid abroad are not necessarily as much as actually paid. Rental income on a property investment business (such as a buy to let property) is taxed as other savings income, after allowing deductions including mortgage interest. The mortgage does not need to be secured against the property receiving the rent, subject to a maximum of the purchase prices of the property investment business properties (or the market value at the time they transferred into

title: Administrative geography of the United Kingdom

text: variety of terms is used to refer to its constituent parts, which are sometimes called the four countries of the United Kingdom. The four are sometimes collectively referred to as the Home Nations, particularly in sporting contexts. Although the four countries are important for legal and governmental purposes, they are not comparable to administrative subdivisions of most other countries. Historically, the subnational divisions of the UK have been the county and the ecclesiastical parish, whilst following the emergence of a unified parliament of the United Kingdom, the ward and constituency have been pan-UK political subdivisions. More contemporary divisions include Lieutenancy

title: Sham marriage in the United Kingdom

text: Sham marriage in the United Kingdom Sham marriage in the United Kingdom is a form of immigration fraud in the UK, primarily London, conducted systematically to gain British citizenship in exchange for short-term financial gain. The fraud is often committed by taking advantage of loopholes in EU immigration law to circumvent customary immigration procedures. The fraud is investigated mostly by the UK Border Force and previously by the UK Border Agency. The laws applying to British citizenship are the same across all four constituent countries, and are under European Union law; however, the laws of marriage are not the same

title: Pornography in the United Kingdom

text: Pornography in the United Kingdom Pornography in the United Kingdom has existed since the United Kingdom was formed by the Acts of Union 1800. Before that it was found in Great Britain which was formed by the Acts of Union 1707, and earlier still in the four countries of which the modern kingdom consists. The Victorian pornographic tradition included French photographs, erotic prints, and printed literature. As technology has advanced, pornography has taken diverse forms and become more widespread in society. In the twentieth century the production of pornographic magazines and films developed, and by the twenty-first century pornography was

title: Pornography in the United Kingdom

text: of 2016. During its tenure as regulator ATVOD regularly instructed pornographic websites based in the UK to comply with its rules, and failure to do so often resulted in Ofcom issuing a fine or shutting down a website. Pornography in the United Kingdom Pornography in the United Kingdom has existed since the United Kingdom was formed by the Acts of Union 1800. Before that it was found in Great Britain which was formed by the Acts of Union 1707, and earlier still in the four countries of which the modern kingdom consists. The Victorian pornographic tradition included French photographs, erotic

title: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1969

text: joint win in terms of points between four countries; four countries (the United Kingdom, Spain, the Netherlands and France) won the contest, the first time ever a tie-break situation had occurred. However, there was no rule at the time to cover such an eventuality, so all four countries were declared joint winners. France's win was their fourth. France became the first country to win the contest four times. The Netherlands' win was their third. Spain and the United Kingdom each won for the second time. And it was the first time that any country (Spain, in this case) had a

title: Mortgage industry of the United Kingdom

text: prefer variable-rate mortgages to fixed-rate mortgages to reduce potential interest rate risks between what they charging in mortgage interest and what they are paying in interest for deposits and other funding sources. Prepayment penalties are still common, whilst the United States has discouraged their use. Like other European countries and the rest of the world but unlike most of the United States, mortgages loans are usually recourse debt: debtors are liable for any loan deficiencies after foreclosure. Mortgage industry of the United Kingdom The mortgage industry of the United Kingdom has traditionally been dominated by building societies, but since the

title: Hong Kong people in the United Kingdom

text: in 2001 was 7,068. The figure for 1991 was 5,910. Hong Kong people in the United Kingdom Hong Kong people in the United Kingdom are people from Hong Kong who are residing in the United Kingdom or British citizens of Hong Kong origin or descent. The United Kingdom has historically been a popular destination for Hong Kong immigrants due to the colonial relationship between the two countries. The UK's popularity among immigrants was also helped by the fact that the English language enjoys official status in both countries. While many Hong Kong-born residents of the UK are ethnically Chinese, others

title: Hong Kong people in the United Kingdom

text: Hong Kong people in the United Kingdom Hong Kong people in the United Kingdom are people from Hong Kong who are residing in the United Kingdom or British citizens of Hong Kong origin or descent. The United Kingdom has historically been a popular destination for Hong Kong immigrants due to the colonial relationship between the two countries. The UK's popularity among immigrants was also helped by the fact that the English language enjoys official status in both countries. While many Hong Kong-born residents of the UK are ethnically Chinese, others include the children of colonial parentage (British and/or other European

title: Sham marriage in the United Kingdom

text: marriage was also referenced by Section 24 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999. Sham marriage in the United Kingdom Sham marriage in the United Kingdom is a form of immigration fraud in the UK, primarily London, conducted systematically to gain British citizenship in exchange for short-term financial gain. The fraud is often committed by taking advantage of loopholes in EU immigration law to circumvent customary immigration procedures. The fraud is investigated mostly by the UK Border Force and previously by the UK Border Agency. The laws applying to British citizenship are the same across all four constituent countries, and

title: Teenage pregnancy in the United Kingdom

text: age of the girl at conception, unlike pregnancy statistics in other countries. Using pregnancy statistics by age of girl at the outcome of her pregnancy allows more meaningful comparison with other countries. Teenage pregnancy in the United Kingdom The rate of teenage pregnancy in the United Kingdom is relatively high, when compared with other developed countries; the only other Western countries with higher teenage pregnancy rates are the United States and New Zealand. The rate of teenage pregnancy is higher in more economically deprived areas. A report in 2002 found that around half of all conceptions to under-18s were concentrated

title: Universities in the United Kingdom

text: Universities in the United Kingdom Universities in the United Kingdom have generally been instituted by Royal Charter, Papal Bull, Act of Parliament or an instrument of government under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992. Degree awarding powers and university title are protected by law, although the precise arrangements for gaining these vary between the constituent countries of the United Kingdom. Institutions that hold degree awarding powers are termed "recognised bodies", this list includes all universities, university colleges and colleges of the University of London, some higher education colleges, and the Archbishop of Canterbury. Degree courses may also be provided

title: Mexicans in the United Kingdom

text: Mexicans in the United Kingdom Mexicans in the United Kingdom or Mexican Britons include Mexican-born immigrants to the United Kingdom and their British-born descendants. Although a large percentage of Mexican-born people in the UK are international students, many are also permanently settled and work in the UK as the community expands into its second generation. According to the 2001 UK Census, 5,049 Mexican-born people were living in the UK. Mexico was the 102nd most common birthplace for British people; ahead of Lithuania but behind Chile (fifth out of all Latin American countries, again behind Chile but ahead of Peru). Mexicans

title: Germans in the United Kingdom

text: Germans in the United Kingdom Germans in the United Kingdom form one of the largest minority ethnic groups in the country. Today, there are many Germans living in the United Kingdom, and many Britons or "German British" () have German ancestry, including the British royal family. While those born in Germany constitute one of the UK's largest foreign-born groups, many are British nationals, rather than German nationals, who were born in Germany to British military personnel based there. Germans have resided in the United Kingdom throughout its history. The Anglo-Saxons were partly from what is now Northern Germany, and created

title: Human trafficking in the United Kingdom

text: Human trafficking in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom (UK) is a destination country for men, women, and children primarily from Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe who are subjected to human trafficking for the purposes of sexual slavery and forced labour, including domestic servitude. It is ranked as a "Tier 1" country by the US Department of State which issues an annual report on human trafficking. "Tier 1" countries are those "Countries whose governments fully comply with The Trafficking Victims Protection Act's minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking. The TVPA is a federal statute of the United States. It

title: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2011

text: mass introduction of televoting in 1998 and the abolition of language restrictions in 1999, the United Kingdom's track record has worsened. Since 1999, the United Kingdom has placed only twice in the top 10 countries, in 2002 and 2009. At the same time, the United Kingdom has finished last in the contest three times, 2008, 2010, and in 2003 after finishing with the infamous "Nul points". The country's status as a member of the "Big Four", one of the four biggest financial contributors to the contest, has ensured that the United Kingdom has had an entry in every Eurovision Song

title: Ivorians in the United Kingdom

text: Ivorians in the United Kingdom Ivoirians in the United Kingdom or Ivorian British () are one of the country's smallest African immigrant groups, consisting of no more than 10,000 individuals. The group includes people born in Côte d'Ivoire who have migrated to the United Kingdom, as well as their British-born descendants. However typically speaking the group could also include British African-Caribbeans of Côte d'Ivoire origin as a result of the Atlantic slave trade. Ivoirians have been migrating to the UK since the late 20th century, albeit in smaller numbers than those who chose to start a new life in countries

title: Teenage pregnancy in the United Kingdom

text: Teenage pregnancy in the United Kingdom The rate of teenage pregnancy in the United Kingdom is relatively high, when compared with other developed countries; the only other Western countries with higher teenage pregnancy rates are the United States and New Zealand. The rate of teenage pregnancy is higher in more economically deprived areas. A report in 2002 found that around half of all conceptions to under-18s were concentrated among the 30% most deprived population, with only 14% occurring among the 30% least deprived. The number of resultant births is presently at the lowest rate since the mid-1950s. Also found was

title: Academic ranks in the United Kingdom

text: Academic ranks in the United Kingdom Academic ranks in the United Kingdom are the titles, relative importance and power of academic employees. In general the United Kingdom has three academic career pathways, a combined research and teaching career pathway, a research career pathway and a teaching career pathway. In the United Kingdom, like most Commonwealth countries (excluding Australia and Canada), as well as in Ireland, traditionally a professor held either an established chair or a personal chair. An established chair is established by the university to meet its needs for academic leadership and standing in a particular area or discipline

title: Driving in the United Kingdom

text: Driving in the United Kingdom Driving in the United Kingdom is governed by various legal powers and in some cases is subject to the passing of a driving test. The government produces a Highway Code that details the requirements for all road users, including drivers. Unlike most countries in the world, UK traffic drives on the left. British roads are limited for most vehicles by the National Speed Limit. Road signs in the UK use imperial units, so speed limits are posted in miles per hour. Speed limits are the maximum speed at which certain drivers may legally drive on

title: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2007

text: the competition. As a member of the Big Four, the United Kingdom automatically qualified to compete in the final held on 12 May. Scooch was drawn to perform nineteenth in the line-up. At the end of the contest, the song finished in 22nd place with only 19 points, ahead of only Ireland, who came last. Nevertheless, the United Kingdom still managed to receive a maximum score of 12pts from Malta. Despite Scooch being the official representatives, the UK was unofficially representing Eurovision for other countries. United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2007 The United Kingdom chose their entry for

title: Consumer protection in the United Kingdom

text: Consumer protection in the United Kingdom Consumer protection in the United Kingdom is effected through a multiplicity of Acts of Parliament, statutory instruments, government agencies and departments and citizens' lobby groups and aims to ensure the market economy produces fairness and quality in goods and services people buy. The main areas of regulating consumer affairs include, Because the United Kingdom, through its membership of the European Union is part of the internal market, it works with other European countries and EU institutions to produce and enforce consumer protection laws transnationally. Consumer Protection issues are dealt with when complaints are made

title: Sport in the United Kingdom

text: many of the sports already mentioned, popular sports at junior level include netball and rounders, both of which are played almost entirely by girls. The leading body for physical education in the United Kingdom is the Association for Physical Education. In 2006, the UK School Games was established by the Youth Sport Trust as an annual sporting competition for elite school age athletes in the United Kingdom, and for 2008 was expanded to include nine sports over four days. Sport in the United Kingdom Sport in the United Kingdom plays an important role in British culture. The United Kingdom has

title: Mining in the United Kingdom

text: Kingdom has decreased over the past century. Although the United Kingdom has a large variety of important metal ores, little metal is currently being mined due to the effects of globalization: it is cheaper to extract in other countries. For example, although large reserves of iron and copper ores exist in the United Kingdom, these ores are now largely imported – copper ore from Chile and North America, and iron ore from China, Brazil and Australia yield higher grades of metals at lower costs. The metalliferous sector of the mining industry was worth £5 million in 2012, making up a

title: Parliamentary sovereignty in the United Kingdom

text: European Communities Act 1972 and other provisions relating to Europe, and the position of the Human Rights Act 1998 and any attempts to make this or other legislation entrenched. These issues remain contested. Parliamentary sovereignty is a description of to what extent the Parliament of the United Kingdom does have absolute and unlimited power. It is framed in terms of the extent of authority that Parliament holds, and whether there are any sorts of law that it cannot pass. In other countries, a written constitution often binds the parliament to act in a certain way, but there is no such

title: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2016

text: to participate in the final; the top ten countries from each semi-final progress to the final. As a member of the "Big 5", the United Kingdom automatically qualified to compete in the final on 14 May 2016. In addition to their participation in the final, the United Kingdom is also required to broadcast and vote in one of the two semi-finals. During the semi-final allocation draw on 25 January 2016, the United Kingdom was assigned to broadcast and vote in the second semi-final on 12 May 2016. In the United Kingdom, the semi-finals were broadcast on BBC Four with commentary

title: Bulgarians in the United Kingdom

text: Bulgarians in the United Kingdom Bulgarians in the United Kingdom include citizens of the United Kingdom who trace their Bulgarian ancestry. The number of Bulgarian-born people resident in the UK has risen from 5,351 at the time of the 2001 Census to an estimated 69,000 in 2015. Since 1 January 2014, Bulgarians have freedom of movement and work in the United Kingdom as citizens of the European Union. A true Bulgarian community in the United Kingdom was formed relatively recently as compared to Bulgarian communities in other countries in Western Europe. Few Bulgarian students enrolled at British universities before World

title: Austrians in the United Kingdom

text: which is actually a drop of around 5% from 1991; despite this there are also large but unknown numbers of British-born people of Austrian descent, which is reflected in the list of famous Austrian British people below. The population spread of Austrian-born people can be seen below. Austrians in the United Kingdom Austrians in the United Kingdom include citizens or non-citizen immigrants of the United Kingdom who originate from Austria. Austrians have been present in what is now the UK for centuries as merchants, traders and diplomats, but it was only during the 1930s when Austrians came to the UK

title: Academic dress in the United Kingdom

text: Academic dress in the United Kingdom The academic dress of the United Kingdom and Ireland has a long history and has influenced the academic dress of America and beyond. The academic square cap was invented in the UK as well as the hood which developed from the lay dress of the medieval period. Irish academic dress is virtually the same as that in the United Kingdom given the common history and proximity of each other. Many other Commonwealth countries also follow British cuts and design of academic dress, most notably Australia and New Zealand though some are beginning to evolve

title: Roller derby in the United Kingdom

text: Roller derby in the United Kingdom By September 2011, there were more than 1,000 amateur roller derby leagues, covering every inhabited continent, with teams in countries such as Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Germany, Belgium, Finland, Sweden and Singapore In the UK, the sport is mostly played by women. Contemporary roller derby has a basic set of rules, with variations reflecting the interests of a governing body's member leagues. The Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA), which is used by the majority of leagues around the world. For example, members of the United Kingdom Roller Derby Association are

title: Green electricity in the United Kingdom

text: Green electricity in the United Kingdom Green electricity in the United Kingdom. There are a number of suppliers offering green electricity in the United Kingdom. In theory these types of tariffs help to lower carbon dioxide emissions by increasing consumer demand for green electricity and encouraging more renewable energy plant to be built. Since Ofgem's 2014 regulations there are now set criteria defining what can be classified as a green source product. As well as holding sufficient guarantee of origin certificates to cover the electricity sold to consumers, suppliers are also required to show additionality by contributing to wider environmental

title: Tree of the Year (United Kingdom)

text: Tree of the Year (United Kingdom) The Tree of the Year competition is held in the United Kingdom in Autumn each year by the Woodland Trust, a nationwide conservation charity. Nominated trees are shortlisted by a panel of experts before going to public votes to select a tree of the year for each of the four constituent countries of the United Kingdom. The panel then selects one of these to become the British tree of the year and be nominated for the following year's European Tree of the Year. The competition has been run each year since 2014. The European

text: at the best and the worst; songs, fashions, contests, hosts and hostesses that have occurred at the Eurovision over the past fifty years. As of , the United Kingdom's voting history is as follows: The United Kingdom has hosted the Eurovision Song Contest a record eight times. The United Kingdom stepped in and hosted the contest for the Netherlands in 1960, France in 1963, Monaco in 1972 and Luxembourg in 1974 due to winning countries financial and capacity issues. In four occasions (1968, 1977, 1982 and 1998) the UK got the right to host because of a victory. The BBC

title: Hinduism in the United Kingdom

text: origins, Hindus in the United Kingdom (27%) constituted the second largest group after South Asian Muslims (57%), and exceeded South Asian Sikhs (14%) in the 2011 census of the United Kingdom. There were 101 Hindu temples in the United Kingdom in 2001, compared to 614 Muslim mosques and 193 Sikh temples in 2001. The British Hindu population includes those who came directly from the Indian sub-continent, descendants of those Hindus who had originally migrated to other countries but later resettled in the United Kingdom, and those born and raised in the UK. It is not unusual to find third or

title: Feminism in the United Kingdom

text: not apply to selection of candidates for the Mayor of London elections. Only political parties registered under Part 2 of the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000 are covered by the Act. The Act was originally scheduled to run until the end of 2015. On 6 March 2008, Minister for Women Harriet Harman announced that the exemption would be extended until 2030 under the Equality Act 2010. Feminism in the United Kingdom As in other countries, feminism in the United Kingdom seeks to establish political, social, and economic equality for women. The history of feminism in Britain dates to

title: Transport in the United Kingdom

text: withdrawn on 2 September 1962. Recent years have seen a revival the United Kingdom, as in other countries, of trams together with light rail systems. The road network in Great Britain, in 2006, consists of of trunk roads (including of motorway), of principal roads (including of motorway), of "B" and "C" roads, and of unclassified roads (mainly local streets and access roads) – totalling . Road is the most popular method of transport in the United Kingdom, carrying over 90% of motorised passenger travel and 65% of domestic freight. The major motorways and trunk roads, many of which are dual

title: East Asians in the United Kingdom

text: of Chinese people in the United Kingdom dates from the early 19th century. In particular were port cities such as Liverpool and London; particularly the Limehouse area in East London, where the first Chinatown was established in the UK and Europe. Today, most of the British Chinese are people or are descended from people who were themselves overseas Chinese when they entered the United Kingdom. The majority are from former British colonies, such as Hong Kong, Malaysia, Burma, Singapore, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, and also other countries such as Vietnam. People from mainland China and Taiwan and their descendants

title: Mental health in the United Kingdom

text: Mental health in the United Kingdom Mental health in the United Kingdom involves state, private and community sector intervention in mental health issues. One of the first countries to build asylums, the United Kingdom was also one of the first countries to turn away from them as the primary mode of treatment for the mentally ill. It was Enoch Powell in 1961, then Minister of Health, who led the shift towards Care in the Community, the British version of deinstitutionalisation. The majority of mental health care is now provided by the National Health Service, assisted by the private and the

title: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019

text: the "Big 5" (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom) are required to qualify from one of two semi-finals in order to compete for the final; the top ten countries from each semi-final progress to the final. As a member of the "Big 5", the United Kingdom automatically qualifies to compete in the final. In addition to their participation in the final, the United Kingdom is also required to broadcast and vote in one of the two semi-finals. United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019 The United Kingdom will participate in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019. The British

title: Theatre of the United Kingdom

text: Theatre of the United Kingdom Theatre of United Kingdom plays an important part in British culture, and the countries that constitute the UK have had a vibrant tradition of theatre since the Renaissance with roots going back to the Roman occupation. Theatre was introduced from Europe to what is now the United Kingdom by the Romans and auditoriums were constructed across the country for this purpose (an example has been excavated at Verulamium). By the medieval period theatre had developed with the mummers' plays, a form of early street theatre associated with the Morris dance, concentrating on themes such as

title: Theatre of the United Kingdom

text: world as well as being turned into films. Lloyd Webber's musicals originally starred Elaine Paige, who with continued success has become known as the First Lady of British Musical Theatre. Theatre of the United Kingdom Theatre of United Kingdom plays an important part in British culture, and the countries that constitute the UK have had a vibrant tradition of theatre since the Renaissance with roots going back to the Roman occupation. Theatre was introduced from Europe to what is now the United Kingdom by the Romans and auditoriums were constructed across the country for this purpose (an example has been

title: Housing in the United Kingdom

text: and that the "vast majority" of overseas buyers intended to live in the property or rent it out. Housing in the United Kingdom Housing in the United Kingdom ranks in the top half of EU countries with regard to rooms per person, amenities, and quality of housing. However, the cost of housing as a proportion of income is higher than average among EU countries, and the increasing cost of housing in the UK may constitute a housing crisis for some, especially for those in low income brackets or in high-cost areas such as London. Most though still find the UK

title: Articulated buses in the United Kingdom

text: on route 67 purchased eleven Scania OmniCitys branded for the route. The O405 vehicles were withdrawn from service in late 2011. The last of the Citaros were withdrawn in March 2018. The majority of articulated buses in the UK are Mercedes-Benz Citaros, with the remainder being standard Scania and Volvos, and the Wright StreetCar. The types in use are: Volvo have demonstrated a Hispano-bodied articulated bus in London, as have Scania with the OmniCity, but neither has secured any orders. Articulated buses in the United Kingdom Articulated buses were rarely used in the United Kingdom compared to other countries, until

title: East Asians in the United Kingdom

text: East Asians in the United Kingdom East Asians in the United Kingdom are East and Southeast Asian British citizens. They have been present in the country since the 17th century and primarily originate from countries and territories such as Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, China, Taiwan, the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Burma, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.. They are called "East Asian" or "Oriental", although – dependent upon the context – the use of the term "Oriental" might be considered by some to be derogatory or offensive. In the 2001 British census, the term Chinese or Other is used. The first settlement

title: Veterinary medicine in the United Kingdom

text: Veterinary medicine in the United Kingdom Veterinary medicine in the United Kingdom is the performance of veterinary medicine by licensed professionals, and strictly regulated by statute law, notably the Veterinary Surgeons Act of 1966. Veterinary medicine is led by veterinary physicians, termed 'veterinary surgeons' (with a different meaning to how it is used in some other anglophone countries, where it denotes a surgical specialist), normally referred to as 'vets'. Vets are often assisted by registered veterinary nurses, who are able to both assist the vet and to autonomously practice a range of skills of their own, including minor surgery under

title: What Are Words (album)

text: What Are Words (album) What Are Words is the debut album of the American singer Chris Medina. The album was released by Sony Music contains 11 pop-rock songs, some of them sensitive ballads, others more energetic and rocking. Album included the title track "What Are Words", a touching track inspired by Chris Medina's fiancé who had a serious brain injury after a car accident in 2009. Although "What Are Words" was only a minor hit in the United States, it was a big hit in Scandinavian countries topping both Norwegian "VG-lista" Singles Chart and the Swedish "Sverigetopplistan" Singles Chart. It

title: Bolivians in the United Kingdom

text: "La Razón", and "Los Tiempos". Bolivians in the United Kingdom Bolivians in the United Kingdom () form a fairly small group, with 3,765 Bolivian-born people living in the UK according to the 2011 Census. However, recent estimates suggest that as many as 15,000-25,000 Bolivians now call the UK home. Bolivians have been migrating to London since the 1960s. Their emigration from Bolivia is driven by political and economic instability there. The United Kingdom traditionally has not been one of the more popular destinations for emigrant Bolivians; most instead headed for the United States or for other South American countries, especially

title: Bolivians in the United Kingdom

text: Bolivians in the United Kingdom Bolivians in the United Kingdom () form a fairly small group, with 3,765 Bolivian-born people living in the UK according to the 2011 Census. However, recent estimates suggest that as many as 15,000-25,000 Bolivians now call the UK home. Bolivians have been migrating to London since the 1960s. Their emigration from Bolivia is driven by political and economic instability there. The United Kingdom traditionally has not been one of the more popular destinations for emigrant Bolivians; most instead headed for the United States or for other South American countries, especially Argentina. However, since around 2002,

title: Housing in the United Kingdom

text: Housing in the United Kingdom Housing in the United Kingdom ranks in the top half of EU countries with regard to rooms per person, amenities, and quality of housing. However, the cost of housing as a proportion of income is higher than average among EU countries, and the increasing cost of housing in the UK may constitute a housing crisis for some, especially for those in low income brackets or in high-cost areas such as London. Most though still find the UK a desirable place to live. London is resident to the highest number of ultra-high-net-worth individuals in the world.

title: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1957

text: performance of "All", performing third that night following Luxembourg with "Amours mortes (tant de peine)" and preceding Italy with "Corde della mia chitarra". At the close of voting, the United Kingdom had received six points and finished seventh among the ten countries. However, the United Kingdom had received points from five of the nine other countries, which means more than half of them. It would take the United Kingdom until 1978 not to finish in the first half of the scoreboard again. United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1957 The United Kingdom took part in the Eurovision Song Contest

title: Ireland–United Kingdom relations

text: between Ireland and the United Kingdom under the Good Friday Agreement. The United Kingdom and the Crown dependencies form what are called the "British Islands". The devolved administrations of the United Kingdom and the three Crown Dependencies also participate in the shared institutions established under the Good Friday Agreement. The British monarch was head of state of all of these states and countries of the archipelago from the Union of the Crowns in 1603 until their role in Ireland became ambiguous with the enactment of the Constitution of Ireland in 1937. The remaining functions of the monarch in Ireland were

title: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2006

text: live by the dancers. One of the dancers was replaced due to the complications that would have been involved in taking her to the event. As a member of the Big Four, the United Kingdom automatically qualified to compete in the final held on 20 May. Daz Sampson was drawn to perform fifteenth in the line-up. At the end of the contest, the song finished 19th with a respectable 25 points. Although lowly placed, the United Kingdom still managed to receive points from ten different countries. Coming up to the 1,000th song, the United Kingdom's entry this year was the

title: Payday loans in the United Kingdom

text: Payday loans in the United Kingdom Payday loans in the United Kingdom are typically loans of up to £500 to be repaid over a short term, or until "payday". In the absence of restrictions on interest rates the typical annual percentage rate (APR) for payday loans can be 1,000% APR or more. A typical payday loan in the United Kingdom costs as much as £25 for every £100 borrowed per month. The payday loan industry in the United Kingdom has grown rapidly, with four times as many people using such loans in 2009 compared to 2006. In 2009 1.2 million

title: Payday loans in the United Kingdom

text: all fees and interest. Payday loans in the United Kingdom Payday loans in the United Kingdom are typically loans of up to £500 to be repaid over a short term, or until "payday". In the absence of restrictions on interest rates the typical annual percentage rate (APR) for payday loans can be 1,000% APR or more. A typical payday loan in the United Kingdom costs as much as £25 for every £100 borrowed per month. The payday loan industry in the United Kingdom has grown rapidly, with four times as many people using such loans in 2009 compared to 2006.

title: Drought in the United Kingdom

text: if a drought has occurred. In the longer term, drought in the United Kingdom can also be defined as "a 50% deficit over three months, or a 15% shortfall over two years". Compared to other countries, the United Kingdom definition of a drought is much less severe. In Libya in the Sahel region, a drought is usually only recognized after two years without any measurable rainfall. If this were to happen in the United Kingdom, the consequences would be disastrous. A different type of drought is the hydrological or agricultural drought. In this case there is moisture in the soil,

title: Countries of the United Kingdom

text: broadly two interpretations of British identity, with ethnic and civic dimensions: Of the two perspectives of British identity, the civic definition has become the dominant idea and in this capacity, Britishness is sometimes considered an institutional or overarching state identity. This has been used to explain why first-, second- and third-generation immigrants are more likely to describe themselves as British, rather than English, Northern Irish, Scottish or Welsh, because it is an "institutional, inclusive" identity, that can be acquired through naturalisation and British nationality law; the vast majority of people in the United Kingdom who are from an ethnic minority

title: Petroleum refining in the United Kingdom

text: the Energy Institute is the World Petroleum Council (WPC), known for its four-yearly World Petroleum Congresses. Petroleum refining in the United Kingdom Petroleum refining in the United Kingdom produced around 61 million tonnes of petroleum products in 2015, down 19% from 2011. There are six main petroleum refineries in the UK, in the downstream sector of the UK oil industry. Statistics for petroleum refining in the UK are gathered by the United Kingdom Petroleum Industry Association (UKPIA), on Chancery Lane in London, and the recently formed (July 2016) Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. The Energy Institute is headquartered

title: Nuclear weapons and the United Kingdom

text: the letters of last resort, seen by their eyes only, sealed and stored within the safes of each of the four Royal Navy Vanguard class submarines. These notes instruct the submarine commander of what action to take in the event of the United Kingdom being attacked with nuclear weapons that destroy Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom and/or the chain of command. Although the final orders of the Prime Minister are at his or her discretion, and no fixed options exist, there were four known options: retaliating with nuclear weapons, not retaliating with nuclear weapons, the submarine commander uses

title: Digital radio in the United Kingdom

text: is a major upgrade to DAB, widely used in other countries in Europe. It was first tested in the United Kingdom in 2013 before regular services were launched in 2016. DAB+ is not backwards compatible with DAB so older radios cannot receive DAB+ stations. There are no plans in the foreseeable future for the vast majority of BBC and commercial stations to transition from DAB to DAB+. Estimates given by multiplex operator Switch Digital suggests that a third of radio sets in 2016 were DAB+ compatible. The United Kingdom Government had previously ruled out any transition from DAB to DAB+