query: what is the current government system in france?

title: Westminster system

text: hybrid system (like South Africa) as their form of government. The Westminster system of government is often contrasted with the presidential system that originated in the United States, or with the semi-presidential system, based on the government of France. A Westminster system of government may include some of the following features: Most of the procedures of the Westminster system originated with the conventions, practices, and precedents of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which form a part of what is known as the Constitution of the United Kingdom. Unlike the uncodified British constitution, most countries that use the Westminster system

title: Sahakyan government

text: any of the candidates. The incumbent government of Artsakh is a coalition government formed by three parliamentary groups: Free Motherland, Armenian Revolutionary Federation, and Democratic Party. The current structure of the government of Artsakh consists of twelve ministries and three other bodies. Each ministry is responsible for elaborating and implementing governmental decisions in its respective sphere. Sahakyan government Sahakyan's government is the current government of Artsakh since its formation in September 2017. It is the first cabinet after constitutional referendum in 2017, after which the country was transitioned from a semi-presidential system to a presidential system. As a result, presidential

title: What Is the What

text: That Happens Will Happen Today". Tom Tykwer plans to adapt the novel into a film. In 2009, the novel received the Prix Médicis étranger in France. What Is the What What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng is a 2006 novel written by Dave Eggers. It is based on the life of Valentino Achak Deng, a Sudanese child refugee who immigrated to the United States under the Lost Boys of Sudan program. It was a finalist for the National Book Award. As a boy, Achak is separated from his family during the Second Sudanese Civil War when

title: Government of France

text: launch an armed operation with a duration of longer than four months, it must first consult parliament and request an authorisation. The Prime Minister may convene parliament for extraordinary sessions, or add additional sitting days to the legislative calendar. The names of ministries change often in France. This is a list of current ministries: Government of France The Government of the French Republic () exercises executive power in France. It is composed of the Prime Minister, who is the head of government, and both junior and senior ministers. Senior ministers are titled as Ministers (), whereas junior ministers are titled

title: What The Fuck France?

text: created What the Fuck France. In 2018 he followed the program with a documentary entitled Stereotrip. The videos take a tongue-in-cheek look at quintessential parts of French culture. Telerama deemed the series "excellent". The Local reported that some viewers deemed the series lighthearted humour, while others thought it was French bashing. What The Fuck France? What The Fuck France (aka What's Up France) is a Franglais YouTube channel created by Paul Taylor, in which he comments on French culture and language. Paul Taylor has Anglo-Irish ancestry, and spends his time between England, France, Quebec and Spain. Prior to creating the

title: The purpose of a system is what it does

text: be balanced by a more straightforwardly descriptive view. The term is used in many fields including biology and management. The purpose of a system is what it does The purpose of a system is what it does (POSIWID) is a systems thinking heuristic coined by Stafford Beer. Stafford Beer coined the term POSIWID and used it many times in public addresses. In his address to the University of Valladolid, Spain, in October 2001, he said "According to the cybernetician, the purpose of a system is what it does. This is a basic dictum. It stands for bald fact, which makes

title: The purpose of a system is what it does

text: The purpose of a system is what it does The purpose of a system is what it does (POSIWID) is a systems thinking heuristic coined by Stafford Beer. Stafford Beer coined the term POSIWID and used it many times in public addresses. In his address to the University of Valladolid, Spain, in October 2001, he said "According to the cybernetician, the purpose of a system is what it does. This is a basic dictum. It stands for bald fact, which makes a better starting point in seeking understanding than the familiar attributions of good intention, prejudices about expectations, moral judgment,

title: What The Fuck France?

text: What The Fuck France? What The Fuck France (aka What's Up France) is a Franglais YouTube channel created by Paul Taylor, in which he comments on French culture and language. Paul Taylor has Anglo-Irish ancestry, and spends his time between England, France, Quebec and Spain. Prior to creating the series, Taylor worked at Apple. In 2016, Taylor started a standup called Franglais, where he spoke about his experiences as an expatriate in France. Then, he wrote a YouTube skit called La Bise, about the French kiss, which racked up 3 million hits. Subsequently, he was contacted by Canal+ who together

title: Local government in the Bahamas

text: Providence Island, in which the capital city Nassau is located, was to be directly governed by the central government. The act that implemented local government had described all districts as either being Second-Schedule or Third-Schedule districts. The Districts of the Bahamas provide a system of Local Government everywhere in The Bahamas except New Providence (where Nassau the capital is located, whose affairs are handled directly by the central government). The current system dates from 1996 when 23 districts were "created" by The Bahamas Local Government Act of 1996 a further 9 have been added since 1999. Local Government in The

title: Decentralisation in France

text: been in constant decline since 1997. Local authorities do not need to seek central government authorisation in order to borrow money but all resources from borrowing can only be spent on investment (not current spending). The remainder of local Government resources (11%) come from rents, duties and European structural funds. Between 1982 and 2007 total spending by Local Government grew from 56 billion euros to 168 billion euros. In 2007 66% of total spending by Local Government was to cover current expenses, including: Totaling 68 billion euros in 2007, it includes: Decentralisation in France In France, the policy of decentralisation

title: France in the Eurovision Song Contest 1969

text: sole winner of the 1969 contest, as France and Spain received votes from nine other juries, more than the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, and then France received two 4 points votes while Spain's highest were three 3s. However, the voting system of 1969 bears no relation to the current 12 points voting system, so comparisons are academic. In 1969 each winning song was chosen as the outright best of the evening by 18 individual jurors around Europe, and it is pointed out that there is no logic in claiming, for example, that France being rated the best by four

title: What Is the What

text: What Is the What What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng is a 2006 novel written by Dave Eggers. It is based on the life of Valentino Achak Deng, a Sudanese child refugee who immigrated to the United States under the Lost Boys of Sudan program. It was a finalist for the National Book Award. As a boy, Achak is separated from his family during the Second Sudanese Civil War when the Arab militia, referred to as "murahaleen" (which is Arabic for the deported), wipes out his Dinka village, Marial Bai. During the assault, he loses sight

title: What Is the Third Estate?

text: What Is the Third Estate? What Is the Third Estate? () is a political pamphlet written in January 1789, shortly before the outbreak of the French Revolution, by the French thinker and clergyman Abbé Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès (1748–1836). The pamphlet was Sieyès' response to finance minister Jacques Necker's invitation for writers to state how they thought the Estates-General should be organized. In the pamphlet, Sieyès argues that the third estate – the common people of France – constituted a complete nation within itself and had no need of the "dead weight" of the two other orders, the first and second

title: Sport in France

text: division of the French football league system. Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with Ligue 2. The most successful club in the French first division history is AS Saint-Étienne with 10 championships (last one in 1981), followed by Olympique de Marseille with 9 titles and FC Nantes with 8 titles. as of 2018, the current champions are Paris Saint-Germain. The Coupe de France is the premier knock-out cup competition in French football. The Coupe de la Ligue is the second major cup competition in France. The Trophée des Champions is played each July

title: Postal codes in France

text: Postal codes in France Postal codes were introduced in France in 1964, when "La Poste" introduced automated sorting. They were updated to use the current 5 digit system in 1972. France uses five-digit numeric postal codes, the first two digits representing the département in which the city is located. The département numbers were assigned alphabetically between 1860 and 1870, but later changes (such as renaming and splitting of départements) mean that the list is no longer in strictly alphabetical order. The system also extends to French overseas departments and territories, and also includes Monaco. Note that postcodes in both départements

title: Government of France

text: Government of France The Government of the French Republic () exercises executive power in France. It is composed of the Prime Minister, who is the head of government, and both junior and senior ministers. Senior ministers are titled as Ministers (), whereas junior ministers are titled as Secretaries of State (). A smaller and more powerful executive body, called the Council of Ministers (), is composed only of the senior ministers, though some Secretaries of State may attend Council meetings. The Council of Ministers is chaired by the President of the Republic, unlike the government, but is still led by

title: What Is a Nation?

text: What Is a Nation? "What is a Nation?" ("Qu'est-ce qu'une nation?") is an 1882 lecture by French historian Ernest Renan (1823–1892), known for the statements that a nation is "a daily referendum", and that nations are based as much on what the people jointly forget, as what they remember. It is frequently quoted or anthologized in works of history or political science pertaining to nationalism and national identity. Renan wrote "What is a Nation" in order to symbolize the nationalism which was born in France as a result of the French Revolution of 1789. Renan begins his essay by noting

title: What Is a Nation?

text: French citizen has to have forgotten the massacre of Saint Bartholomew, or the massacre that took place in the South in the thirteenth century. While many nations, such as France, begin with a feudal regime such as a monarchy, others, such as the United States and Switzerland, are formed by acts of consensual aggregation. France and many others, however, survived their feudal roots while maintaining their identity. Renan inquires what is the organizing principle? It can't be race, because France is "Celt, Iberian, German...The most noble countries, England, France and Italy, are the ones where the blood is most mixed."

title: What Is Love

text: at number two in the United Kingdom and Germany and hit number one in 13 other countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland and Zimbabwe. Debuting at number 87 on 28 August 1993, the song reached number 11 on the Hot 100 in the United States. The song also peaked at number 12 in Australia. By March 1994, worldwide sales of "What Is Love" had already reached 2.6 million. When asked about the meaning of "What Is Love" in a 2015 interview, Haddaway said: "Billboard" wrote about the song: "Glorious pop/house ditty recently topped

title: Plug-in electric vehicles in France

text: Plug-in electric vehicles in France The adoption of plug-in electric vehicles in the France is actively supported by the French government through a bonus-malus system and other incentives. The government provides subsidies towards the purchase of all-electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids with low emissions. The French government also set up a national purchase incentive scheme for all-electric utility vans. , the stock of light-duty plug-in electric vehicles registered in France since 2010 totaled almost 150,000 units. The country, , ranked as the second largest plug-in market in Europe after Norway, and the world's fifth. , the French plug-in electric stock

title: Judicial system of post-Napoleonic France

text: situations that caused the crime. Judicial system of post-Napoleonic France The judicial system of post-Napoleonic France was an intricate system of relations between the government and the police/judicial force. Together they helped to minimize crime while successfully fulfilling the guarantees made in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen written in 1789. The basis for the declaration comes from Nicolas Bergasse in the "Report on the Organization of Judicial Power" proposed on 17 August 1789, Adrien Duport in the "Fundamental Principles of Policing and Justice, Submitted on Behalf of the Committee on the Constitution" written 22 December

text: Judicial system of post-Napoleonic France The judicial system of post-Napoleonic France was an intricate system of relations between the government and the police/judicial force. Together they helped to minimize crime while successfully fulfilling the guarantees made in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen written in 1789. The basis for the declaration comes from Nicolas Bergasse in the "Report on the Organization of Judicial Power" proposed on 17 August 1789, Adrien Duport in the "Fundamental Principles of Policing and Justice, Submitted on Behalf of the Committee on the Constitution" written 22 December 1789, and Jacques Guillaume Thouret

title: What Is the What

text: writes: "Over the course of many years, Dave and I have collaborated to tell my story... I told [him] what I knew and what I could remember, and from that material he created this work of art." The book is typical of Eggers' style: blending non-fictional and fictional elements into a non-fiction novel or memoir. By classifying the book a novel, Eggers says, he freed himself to re-create conversations, streamline complex relationships, add relevant detail and manipulate time and space in helpful ways—all while maintaining the essential truthfulness of the storytelling. However, not all critics were impressed. Lee Siegel sees

title: Somewhere In France Is the Lily

text: M. Witmark & Sons in New York City in 1917. The song uses the imagery of the rose and the lily to represent England and France respectively, and emphasizes the cooperation and closeness of the two countries in World War I. Cover art for the composition shows that the sheet music was priced at US$0.50, and in 1918, a phonograph of the song (coupled with "My Sweetheart is Somewhere in France" sung by Elizabeth Spencer) could be purchased through Victor Records for $0.75. The score went through approximately seven printings. Somewhere In France Is the Lily "Somewhere In France Is

title: What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy

text: What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy is a 1976 book by Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya. Explaining the relationship between the soul and consciousness in the Nyaya-Vaisesika philosophy, Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya makes three points. First, consciousness in this view is knowledge (jnana) in an empirical sense. Second, consciousness is one of the multiple qualities of the soul. Third, consciousness is a transient quality, not a permanent quality. By itself, the soul is without consciousness; consciousness is produced in the soul only when it is conjoined with certain other entities. Hiriyanna,

text: commenting on this point, notes: Hiriyanna expresses his perplexity in reviewing the Nyaya-Vaisesika view of consciousness, and then comes out with a comment equating this view with the Charvaka view of consciousness: What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy is a 1976 book by Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya. Explaining the relationship between the soul and consciousness in the Nyaya-Vaisesika philosophy, Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya makes three points. First, consciousness in this view is knowledge (jnana) in an empirical sense. Second, consciousness is one of the multiple qualities of the soul. Third,

title: Health care in France

text: Health care in France The French health care system is one of universal health care largely financed by government national health insurance. In its 2000 assessment of world health care systems, the World Health Organization found that France provided the "close to best overall health care" in the world. In 2011, France spent 11.6% of GDP on health care, or US$4,086 per capita, a figure much higher than the average spent by countries in Europe but less than in the US. Approximately 77% of health expenditures are covered by government funded agencies. Most general physicians are in private practice but

title: Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment?

text: He states that a monarch should allow his subjects to do or think whatever they find necessary for their salvation, and that such thoughts and deeds are “none of his business.” Religious ideas should not be subject to government oversight, and government should not support “spiritual despotism” against any of his subjects. It is insisted that the king favours freedom in the arts and sciences because there is “no danger to his legislation” from his subjects' making public use of their own reason and providing “forthright criticism of the current legislation." Throughout history we see that most monarchs do perceive

title: France 24

text: to reform the current system. The proposition of reform was met with concern from Belgium, Switzerland and Canada/Québec, as the public broadcasters involved in TV5 (of which the French government holds a 49% share whilst the three aforementioned countries hold 11% each) consider TV5 to be a promoter of the wider French-language world. Just one month after France 24's launch, TV5 renamed itself TV5MONDE. As published in the "Journal Officiel de la République Française" of 23 January 2009, a Decree for 23 January 2009 appeared, "authorising the company France Télévisions to cede its share in the capital of the France

title: Presidential elections in France

text: absolute majority (including blank and void ballots) of votes in the first round, a second round is held two weeks later between the two candidates who received the most votes. Since 1965, when the current (direct) election system was introduced, every election has gone to a second round. The latest election was in 2017. The first round was held on 23 April 2017, the second on 7 May. Presidential elections in France Presidential elections in France determine who will serve as the President of France for the next several years. Currently they are held once in five years (formerly seven).

title: Postal codes in France

text: well as the street address in CEDEX addresses. Although an independent country, Monaco is part of the French postal code system as if it were a French département, numbered, with codes consisting of 980 and two digits, with 00 being used for deliveries to all physical addresses in the Principality, and 01 to 99 being used for special types of delivery. However the destination country on inbound mail must be specified as "Monaco", not "France". Postal codes in France Postal codes were introduced in France in 1964, when "La Poste" introduced automated sorting. They were updated to use the current

title: Emergency medical services in France

text: is free, but abuse is punishable by law. In France, the 100 or so SAMUs (one for each Département) are all operated by public hospitals. Public hospitals (unlike private hospitals, and France has both) receive government funding. France operates on a system of universal health care. Patients have freedom to choose physicians, hospitals etc., and there are prices set for each type of service. When operating in the public system, patients are asked to co-pay a portion of the cost for each type of care that they receive. To illustrate, a patient requiring hospitalization is liable for 20 percent of

title: The purpose of a system is what it does

text: or sheer ignorance of circumstances." The term is widely used by systems theorists. It is generally invoked to counter the notion that the purpose of a system can be read from the intentions of those who design, operate, or promote it. From a cybernetic perspective complex systems are not controllable by simple notions of management, and interventions in a system can best be understood by looking at how they affect observed system behavior. When "side effects" or "unintended consequences" reveal that system behavior is poorly understood, then taking the POSIWID perspective allows the more political understandings of system behavior to

title: Israeli system of government

text: Israeli system of government The Israeli system of government is based on parliamentary democracy. The Prime Minister of Israel is the head of government and leader of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in the Knesset. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The political system of the State of Israel and its main principles are set out in 11 Basic Laws. Israel does not have a written constitution. The President of the State is the "de jure" head of state of Israel. The position is largely an apolitical

text: Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment? "Answering the Question: What Is Enlightenment?" () is a 1784 essay by the philosopher Immanuel Kant. In the December 1784 publication of the "Berlinische Monatsschrift" ("Berlin Monthly"), edited by Friedrich Gedike and Johann Erich Biester, Kant replied to the question posed a year earlier by the Reverend Johann Friedrich Zöllner, who was also an official in the Prussian government. Zöllner's question was addressed to a broad intellectual public community, in reply to Biester's essay entitled: "Proposal, not to engage the clergy any longer when marriages are conducted" (April 1783) and a number of leading

title: Government of France

text: the government gazette. All bills and some decrees must be approved by the Council of Ministers. Furthermore, it is the Council of Ministers that defines the collective political and policy direction of the government, and takes practical steps to implement that direction. In addition to writing and implementing policy, the government is responsible for national defence, and directs the actions of the French Armed Forces. The workings of the government of France are based on the principle of collegiality. Meetings of the Council of Ministers take place every Wednesday morning at the Élysée Palace. They are presided over by the

text: title ("Qu'est-ce que les Lumières?"). Foucault's essay reflected on the contemporary status of the project of enlightenment, inverting much of Kant's reasoning but concluding that enlightenment "still entails work on our limits." Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment? "Answering the Question: What Is Enlightenment?" () is a 1784 essay by the philosopher Immanuel Kant. In the December 1784 publication of the "Berlinische Monatsschrift" ("Berlin Monthly"), edited by Friedrich Gedike and Johann Erich Biester, Kant replied to the question posed a year earlier by the Reverend Johann Friedrich Zöllner, who was also an official in the Prussian government. Zöllner's question was

title: Role of France in the Rwandan genocide

text: assistance the government of France gave the Rwandan government, similar to what France was doing in many other African countries and part of the "Françafrique" politics: Melvern attributes other forms of French support for the regime. She reports that, according to Belgian intelligence in Rwanda, French diplomats advised opposition politicians that if they wanted to stop the RPF, they had to give their support to President Habyarimana. A report by Human Rights Watch (HRW) early after the genocide also reported on French armaments support for the regime. It states: HRW went on to provide that a former French policeman who

title: Reflections on the Revolution in France

text: a military dictatorship and that the revolutionary government instead of protecting the rights of the people would be corrupt and violent. In the nineteenth century, positivist French historian Hippolyte Taine repeated the Irishman's arguments in "Origins of Contemporary France" (1876–1885): that centralisation of power is the essential fault of the Revolutionary French government system; that it does not promote democratic control; and that the Revolution transferred power from the divinely chosen aristocracy to an "enlightened" heartless elite more incompetent and tyrannical than the aristocrats. In the twentieth century, Western conservatives applied Burke's anti-revolutionary "Reflections" to popular socialist revolutions, thus establishing

title: The World Is What It Is

text: The World Is What It Is The World Is What It Is: The Authorized Biography of V. S. Naipaul is a biography of the Nobel Prize-winning author V. S. Naipaul by Patrick French. It was published in 2008 (by Picador in the UK and Knopf in the USA). The title is a quotation from Naipaul's book "A Bend in the River". "The world is what it is; men who are nothing, who allow themselves to become nothing, have no place in it." French deals with Naipaul's family background and his life from his birth in 1932 until his second marriage

title: November 2007 strikes in France

text: retire with full pension benefits after 37.5 years rather than 40 years. The Sarkozy administration claims the current pension system allows some public sector workers to retire as early as age 50. The government calculated the cost of these early-retirement benefits at $7 billion a year. President Nicolas Sarkozy felt that his victory in the 2007 presidential election gave him a mandate to carry out labour reforms, stating "I said before I was elected what I would do," and "we will do these reforms because they have to be done." He declared the strikes a test of political will. "I

title: Plug-in electric vehicles in France

text: Most units of the Bluecar are in operation for the Autolib' car sharing service in Paris, and similar schemes in Lyon and Bordeaux. The following table presents registrations of light-duty highway-capable all-electric vehicles by type (all electric cars and vans, and plug-in hybrids) with detailed all-electric car registrations by model between 2010 and December 2015. Plug-in electric vehicles in France The adoption of plug-in electric vehicles in the France is actively supported by the French government through a bonus-malus system and other incentives. The government provides subsidies towards the purchase of all-electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids with low emissions. The

title: Somewhere In France Is the Lily

text: Somewhere In France Is the Lily "Somewhere In France Is the Lily" is a World War I march composed in 1918 by Joseph E. Howard with lyrics written by Philander Chase Johnson. It became a hit twice in 1918, charting when released by Charles Hart and by Henry Burr. The song presents a young couple separated by war but held together by love and the sentimental value of lily flowers. The lyrics and cover art are in the public domain. The song was originally sung and composed by Joseph E. Howard, with words by Philander Johnson. It was published by

title: Health care in France

text: the rising cost of the system has been a source of concern, as has the lack of emergency service in some areas. In 2004, the system underwent a number of reforms, including introduction of the "Carte Vitale" smart card system, improved treatment of patients with rare diseases, and efforts aimed at reducing medical fraud. While private medical care exists in France, the 75% of doctors who are in the national program provide care free to the patient, with costs being reimbursed from government funds. Like most countries, France faces problems of rising costs of prescription medication, increasing unemployment, and a

title: Units of measurement in France

text: in London was followed by international exhibitions in Paris in 1855 and 1867. The 1867 exhibition had a stand showing how the diverse units of measure were converging onto the metric system – a system that had been developed in France and whose standards were in the custody of the French government, but available for world use. In 1870, while France was preparing to host an international conference to discuss international cooperation in the sphere of units of measurement, the war broke out. France was humiliated by Prussia's military action, but in 1872 France seized the diplomatic initiative and re-issued

title: Seigneurial system of New France

text: Seigneurial system of New France The manorial system of New France was the semi-feudal system of land tenure used in the North American French colonial empire. Both in nominal and legal terms, all French territorial claims in North America belonged to the French king. French monarchs did not impose feudal land tenure on New France, and the king’s actual attachment to these lands was virtually non-existent. Instead, landlords were allotted land holdings (manors) and presided over the French colonial agricultural system in North America. Manorial land tenure was introduced to New France in 1627 by Cardinal Richelieu. Richelieu granted the

title: Rugby union in France

text: home and away basis between the top fourteen club sides in France, followed by three rounds of playoffs involving the top six teams on the league table. The first championship was contested in 1892 and won by the Racing Club, predecessor to today's Racing 92. The current champions are ASM Clermont Auvergne. The second major competition in France is Rugby Pro D2, featuring 16 teams that also play a home-and-away regular season. A relegation system exists between the two tiers of competition. At the end of the 2017–18 season, Perpiganan were promoted to the Top 14 as promotion play-off champions

title: What Is to Be Done? (Tolstoy)

text: What Is to Be Done? (Tolstoy) What Is To Be Done? (sometimes translated as What Then Must We Do?) is a non-fiction work by Leo Tolstoy, in which Tolstoy describes the social conditions of Russia in his day. Tolstoy completed the book in 1886, and the first English language publication came in 1887 as What To Do?. A revised translation with the current title was published in 1899. The English title was also used for two better-known works by Nikolai Chernyshevsky and Vladimir Lenin; Tolstoy's Russian title is similar but not identical to Chernyshevsky's (and Lenin's), both of them sharing

title: Introduction to the metric system

text: des Archives" as its basis for measurement. However, all government, legal and similar works still had to use the metric system and the metric system continued to be taught at all levels of education. This system survived in France until the metric system was reinstated for all purposes in 1840. The metric system developed as the understanding of science and in measuring techniques have advanced. In 1875, the Convention of the metre was signed and control of the metric system passed from France to a trio of inter-government organisations headed by the Conférence générale des poids et mesures (CGPM) and

title: Government procurement in the United States

text: and Contracting Officer Technical Representatives (COTRs), who usually do not have the authority of a Contracting Officer. What happens after a Government contract is signed? That subject is referred to as contract administration. Contract administration tasks can include: See the DCMA Handbook for more information on contract administration. Requests for Equitable Adjustments (REAs) are modifications of the contract that were not done formally or properly. REAs are frequently based on the changes clause. They typically occur when new work is added or a change in current work is ordered, perhaps by the contracting officer, without the required documentation. Changed circumstances

title: Points classification in the Tour de France

text: and the Giro d'Italia since 1966. After scandals in the 1904 Tour de France, the rules of the 1905 Tour de France were changed: the winner was no longer determined by the time system, but with the points system. The cyclists received points, equal to their ranking in the stage, and the cyclist with the fewest points was the leader of the race. After the 1912 Tour de France, the system was changed back to the time system that is still in use. In the 1953 Tour de France, to celebrate the 50th birthday of the Tour de France, the

title: France in the long nineteenth century

text: was fiscally sound -- for example, the indemnitees imposed by the victors were quickly paid off, and the occupation troops left quietly. The national government did not face strong regional parliaments or power centers and had solid control over all areas of France in sharp contrast with the chaotic situation the Bourbons had faced in the 1770s and 1780s. Restoration did not lessen inequality in France, and it did not promote industrialisation. On the whole, however, there was more wealth, and more political freedom for all classes. The parliamentary system worked well. Restrictions on the press resembled those in most

title: Taxation in France

text: in 2003. The tax system has never been united in France. There have always been an extreme diversity in collection, the base, the rates and the nature of the taxes. Until 1789, taxes were collected by the state, the church and lords. After the French revolution, taxes consisted of taxes on wealth and on incomes. The current tax system was shaped during the 20th century. All taxes created under the French Revolution were abolished, the last being the patentes, abolished in 1974. Whereas taxation aimed at assuring "the maintenance of the public force" and "the expenditures of the administrations"(Déclaration des

title: Local government in Northern Ireland

text: Executive. The current pattern of 11 local government districts was established on 1 April 2015, as a result of the reform process that started in 2005. The previous pattern of local government in Northern Ireland, with 26 councils, was established in 1973 by the Local Government (Boundaries) Act (Northern Ireland) 1971 and the Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1972 to replace the previous system established by the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898. The system was based on the recommendations of the Macrory Report, of June 1970, which presupposed the continued existence of the Government of Northern Ireland to act as

title: Health care in France

text: assumed. One study reported longer waiting times for uninsured American patients, who may face a disproportionate number of longer waiting times (citation needed)(founder Alejandro Castillo) . Health care in France The French health care system is one of universal health care largely financed by government national health insurance. In its 2000 assessment of world health care systems, the World Health Organization found that France provided the "close to best overall health care" in the world. In 2011, France spent 11.6% of GDP on health care, or US$4,086 per capita, a figure much higher than the average spent by countries in

title: Federal Procurement Data System

text: where. Federal Procurement Data System The Federal Procurement Data System (FPDS) is a single source for US government-wide procurement data. The Federal Procurement Data Center (FPDC), part of the U.S. General Services Administration, manages the Federal Procurement Data System (FPDS), which is operated and maintained by IBM. The FPDS-NG is the current central repository of information on Federal contracting. The system contains detailed information on contract actions over $3,000 (FY2004 and later data). The Executive departments and agencies award over $200 billion annually for goods and services. The system can identify who bought what, from whom, for how much, when

title: Federal Procurement Data System

text: Federal Procurement Data System The Federal Procurement Data System (FPDS) is a single source for US government-wide procurement data. The Federal Procurement Data Center (FPDC), part of the U.S. General Services Administration, manages the Federal Procurement Data System (FPDS), which is operated and maintained by IBM. The FPDS-NG is the current central repository of information on Federal contracting. The system contains detailed information on contract actions over $3,000 (FY2004 and later data). The Executive departments and agencies award over $200 billion annually for goods and services. The system can identify who bought what, from whom, for how much, when and

title: What Is to Be Done? (Tolstoy)

text: the same Biblical reference (Luke 3:10–14). What Is to Be Done? (Tolstoy) What Is To Be Done? (sometimes translated as What Then Must We Do?) is a non-fiction work by Leo Tolstoy, in which Tolstoy describes the social conditions of Russia in his day. Tolstoy completed the book in 1886, and the first English language publication came in 1887 as What To Do?. A revised translation with the current title was published in 1899. The English title was also used for two better-known works by Nikolai Chernyshevsky and Vladimir Lenin; Tolstoy's Russian title is similar but not identical to Chernyshevsky's

title: Football in France

text: name. The current champions of France are Paris Saint-Germain, who won their seventh title in 2018. Ligue 2 is the second division of French football. Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Championnat National. The league was created in 1934, a year after Ligue 1 and consisted of 23 clubs that were divided into two groups, Nord and Sud. The Championnat National is the third division of French football. Though the league has several clubs that are members of the Ligue de Football Professionnel, it is not governed by the organization primarily

title: Fault current limiter

text: of two major categories: resistive or inductive. In a resistive FCL, the current passes directly through the superconductor. When it quenches, the sharp rise in resistance reduces the fault current from what it would otherwise be (the prospective fault current). A resistive FCL can be either DC or AC. If it is AC, then there will be a steady power dissipation from AC losses (superconducting hysteresis losses) which must be removed by the cryogenic system. An AC FCL is usually made from wire wound non-inductively; otherwise the inductance of the device would create an extra constant power loss on the

title: Cohabitation (government)

text: it "could" occur. However, since some of the new democracies of eastern Europe have adopted institutions quite similar to France, cohabitation may become more common. Still, if those countries elect their executives and legislature at or near the same time, as France is now doing, then cohabitation will be less likely. See "U.S. presidents and control of Congress. Cohabitation (government) Cohabitation is a system of divided government that occurs in semi-presidential systems, such as France, when the President is from a different political party than the majority of the members of parliament. It occurs because such a system forces the

title: Warrant: The Current Debate

text: knowledge. Warrant: The Current Debate Warrant: The Current Debate is the first in a trilogy of books written by philosopher Alvin Plantinga on epistemology. Plantinga introduces, analyzes, and criticizes 20th-century developments in analytic epistemology, particularly the works of Chisholm, BonJour, Alston, Goldman, and others. In the book, Plantinga argues specifically that the theories of what he calls “warrant”-what many others have called justification (Plantinga draws out a difference: justification is a property of a person holding a belief while warrant is a property of a belief)—put forth by these epistemologists have systematically failed to capture in full what is required

title: Warrant: The Current Debate

text: Warrant: The Current Debate Warrant: The Current Debate is the first in a trilogy of books written by philosopher Alvin Plantinga on epistemology. Plantinga introduces, analyzes, and criticizes 20th-century developments in analytic epistemology, particularly the works of Chisholm, BonJour, Alston, Goldman, and others. In the book, Plantinga argues specifically that the theories of what he calls “warrant”-what many others have called justification (Plantinga draws out a difference: justification is a property of a person holding a belief while warrant is a property of a belief)—put forth by these epistemologists have systematically failed to capture in full what is required for

title: The World Is What It Is

text: in 1996. The biography has been extensively reviewed: the reviewers include Paul Theroux, who wrote an earlier book about Naipaul. The biography was selected by the editors of the "New York Times Book Review" as one of the "Times"' "10 Best Books of 2008". It won the 2008 National Book Critics Circle Award in Biography, and the British literary award the Hawthornden Prize. The World Is What It Is The World Is What It Is: The Authorized Biography of V. S. Naipaul is a biography of the Nobel Prize-winning author V. S. Naipaul by Patrick French. It was published in

title: France–Somalia relations

text: Federal Government of Somalia in August 2012 was welcomed by the French authorities, who re-affirmed France's continued support for Somalia's government, its territorial integrity and sovereignty. The 2006 French census stated that there are 1,373 Somali-born residents living France. Following a significantly improved security situation, the Government of France in January 2014 appointed Remi Marechaux as the new French ambassador to Somalia. The current French Ambassador to Somalia is Mr. Antoine Sivan, accredited since July 2017. France–Somalia relations France–Somalia relations are bilateral relations between France and Somalia. Bilateral relations between France and Somalia were established shortly after Somalia's independence. The

title: This Is What You Came For

text: France, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and Slovakia. The song has reached the top 10 in all except three of the countries it has charted in. Taylor Swift performed "This is What You Came For" on the piano for the first time live at the United States Grand Prix in Austin, Texas, on 22 October 2016. Swift then performed an acoustic guitar version at the DirecTV Super Saturday Night in Houston, Texas, on 4 February 2017. This Is What You Came For "This Is What You Came For" is a song by Scottish DJ and record producer Calvin Harris,

title: Cute Is What We Aim For

text: where they will continue their 10-year anniversary tour. Current members Former members Cute Is What We Aim For Cute Is What We Aim For is a rock band from Buffalo, New York. The band formed in 2005, and have since released two albums: "The Same Old Blood Rush with a New Touch" and "Rotation". The band was previously signed with record label Fueled by Ramen for their two releases, but are currently unsigned. The original members of Cute Is What We Aim For were childhood friends. When the band was formed in January 2005, the members were still in their

title: What Is the Fastest Thing in the World?

text: What Is the Fastest Thing in the World? What Is the Fastest Thing in the World? is a Greek fairy tale collected by Georgios A. Megas in "Folktales of Greece". It is Aarne-Thompson type 875 and has many Greek and Slavic variants, generally revolving about the exchange of clever answers. This type of tale is the commonest European tale dealing with witty exchanges. In ballad form, the clever answers to the riddles, and the winning of a husband by them, are found in Child ballad 1, "Riddles Wisely Expounded". A brother argue over how they should split their land, some

title: France in the Middle Ages

text: vassal, but with time and the transformation of fiefs into hereditary holdings, the nature of the system came to be seen as a form of "politics of land" (an expression used by the historian Marc Bloch). The 11th century in France saw what has been called by historians a "feudal revolution" or "mutation" and a "fragmentation of powers" (Bloch) that was unlike the development of feudalism in England or Italy or Germany in the same period or later: counties and duchies began to break down into smaller holdings as castellans and lesser seigneurs took control of local lands, and (as

title: What Is Love (V. Bozeman song)

text: is brief and melancholy, but it’s long enough for the Los Angeles-born vocalist to turn heads and establish herself as a rising star. The music video was released on January 14, 2015. "What is Love" has not entered the "Billboard" Hot 100 but has charted at number 12 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles, the song has entered at number 39 in the US R&B songs and at number 13 in the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. It has also entered at number 67 in France. What Is Love (V. Bozeman song) "What is Love" is a song recorded by

title: What Is Life?

text: as a highly ordered process, but which is caused by random movement of atoms or molecules. If the number of atoms is reduced, the behaviour of a system becomes more and more random. He states that life greatly depends on order and that a naïve physicist may assume that the master code of a living organism has to consist of a large number of atoms. In chapter II and III, he summarizes what was known at this time about the hereditary mechanism. Most importantly, he elaborates the important role mutations play in evolution. He concludes that the carrier of hereditary

title: What Is the What

text: "we really hadn’t decided whether I was just helping Valentino write his own book, or if I was writing a book about him." Valentino points out that, "I thought I might want to write my own book, but I learned that I was not ready to do this. I was still taking classes in basic writing at Georgia Perimeter College." Dave Eggers discusses the difficulties in writing a book of this nature: "For a long while there, we continued doing interviews, and I gathered the material. But all along, I really didn’t know exactly what form it would finally take—whether

title: Telecommunications in France

text: Telecommunications in France Telecommunications in France is highly developed. France is served by an extensive system of automatic telephone exchanges connected by modern networks of fiber-optic cable, coaxial cable, microwave radio relay, and a domestic satellite system; cellular telephone service is widely available, expanding rapidly, and includes roaming service to foreign countries. The telephony system employs an extensive system of modern network elements such as digital telephone exchanges, mobile switching centres, media gateways and signalling gateways at the core, interconnected by a wide variety of transmission systems using fibre-optics or Microwave radio relay networks. The access network, which connects the

title: Telecommunications in France

text: overseas departments will also be supplied. Telecommunications in France Telecommunications in France is highly developed. France is served by an extensive system of automatic telephone exchanges connected by modern networks of fiber-optic cable, coaxial cable, microwave radio relay, and a domestic satellite system; cellular telephone service is widely available, expanding rapidly, and includes roaming service to foreign countries. The telephony system employs an extensive system of modern network elements such as digital telephone exchanges, mobile switching centres, media gateways and signalling gateways at the core, interconnected by a wide variety of transmission systems using fibre-optics or Microwave radio relay networks.

title: What Is the Fastest Thing in the World?

text: owner. She called out which was the rightful owner, and the king said she had meddled and must go home. She asked him to eat one last meal with her, and then she drugged it. When he was asleep, she put him in the carriage and went home. When the king woke, she told him she was entitled to him, because she valued him most of everything in the castle. The king took her back to the castle and gave her the right to judge all his affairs. What Is the Fastest Thing in the World? What Is the Fastest

title: Directorates of the Scottish Government

text: of government agencies and non-departmental public bodies. Some government work is also carried out by Executive Agencies such as Transport Scotland, who sit outside the Directorates structure, but are also staffed by civil servants The current system of Directorates was created by a December 2010 re-organisation. Prior to 2007 the Directorates were preceded by similar structures called "Departments" that no longer exist (although the word is still sometimes used in this context). The Office of the Permanent Secretary is headed by the Permanent Secretary Leslie Evans, who replaced Sir Peter Housden, in July 2015. The current structure of the directorates

title: Leader of the Government in the Senate (Australia)

text: Leader of the Government in the Senate (Australia) The Leader of the Government in the Senate (historically also known as the Leader of the Senate) is the most senior cabinet minister in the Australian Senate. The title is given to the leader of the governing party (or the largest party in a governing coalition), irrespective of whether the government has a majority or plurality in the Senate. His or her Opposition counterpart is the Leader of the Opposition in the Senate. The current Leader of the Government in the Senate is Mathias Cormann. The current Deputy Leader of the Government

title: What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)

text: What She Is (Is a Woman in Love) "What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)" is a song written by Bob McDill and Paul Harrison and recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. It was released in February 1988 as the lead single from the album, "The Heart of It All". The song was Earl Thomas Conley's fifteenth number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart. "What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)" debuted on the U.S. "Billboard"

title: Monarchism in France

text: the dynastic succession in the Kingdom of France to an international treaty. What would become of the sovereignty of the royal family of France against the foreign powers? Legal Issues: What is the value of the commitment of France in signing treaties if it considers it invalid? To oppose the treaties themselves (with the renunciations contained in the appendix) with the body of fundamental laws of France and Spain is putting them on the same level as internal constitutional acts, even if France did not yet have a constitution at the time, and bilateral treaties acting on a foreign policy.

title: What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)

text: Hot Country Singles for the week of March 12, 1988. What She Is (Is a Woman in Love) "What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)" is a song written by Bob McDill and Paul Harrison and recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. It was released in February 1988 as the lead single from the album, "The Heart of It All". The song was Earl Thomas Conley's fifteenth number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart. "What She Is

title: Here Is What Is

text: Here Is What Is Here Is What Is is the fifth studio album by Canadian songwriter and record producer Daniel Lanois. It was first released in December 2007 as a high-quality download, and later released on CD on March 18, 2008. The album is the result of the same project that led to the 2007 documentary "Here Is What Is" that premiered at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival in September. The movie documents the aesthetics and creative process behind Lanois' approach to music making and recording. The album has been presented as a direct soundtrack to this film, and

title: Rail transport in France

text: refurbishing the current Class 373s. The International Transport Forum described the current status of the French railways in their paper "Efficiency indicators of Railways in France": Like roads, the French railways receive rail subsidies from the state in order to operate. Those amounted to €13.2 billion in 2013. Alstom is the manufacturer of the TGV, and is behind many regional train models (Régiolis, SNCF Class Z 26500 ... ) Rail transport in France Rail transport in France is operated mostly by SNCF, the French national railway company. France has the second largest European railway network, with a total of 29,901

title: What Is the Fastest Thing in the World?

text: of which was good and some bad. The king set riddles to them: whoever guessed the riddles would get good land. The first riddle was what was the fastest thing in the world. The stupid brother's daughter told him what to say; his brother guessed a bird or a horse, and the stupid brother said the mind. The second riddle was what was the heaviest thing in the world; the clever brother guessed stone or iron, and the stupid brother repeated his daughter's answer: fire because no one could lift it. The third was what was the most important thing

title: What Is History?

text: observation." Carr attributes the developing complexity with the ideas made popular during the French Revolution, and from that stems the ideas and search of liberty. For his planned second edition, Carr authored a new preface, which was posthumously found among his papers. In this short text, he contrasted what he saw as the optimism of the 1960s, when he originally authored the text, with the pessimism of the 1980s, when he was putting together the second edition. The former, he argued, was marked by the dissolution of the British Empire, the economic recovery of France, Germany and Japan following the

title: Local government in Northampton

text: term, representing an electoral ward. Each ward elects between one and three councillors by the first past the post system of election. The current composition of the borough council, following the 2015 election, and subsequent by-elections, is 25 Conservative councillors, 16 Labour councillor, 3 Liberal Democrat councillors and 1 independent councillor. The next election will take place in May 2019. Local government in Northampton Northampton Borough Council is the borough council and non-metropolitan district responsible for local government in the large town of Northampton in England. The leader and cabinet model of decision-making has been adopted by the council. It

title: Government Service Insurance System

text: Government Service Insurance System The Government Service Insurance System (, abbreviated as GSIS) is a government-owned and controlled corporation (GOCC) of the Philippines. Created by Commonwealth Act No. 186 and Republic Act No. 8291 (GSIS Act of 1997), GSIS is a social insurance institution that provides a defined benefit scheme under the law. It insures its members against the occurrence of certain contingencies in exchange for their monthly premium contributions. GSIS members are entitled to an array of social security benefits, such as life insurance benefits, separation or retirement benefits, and disability benefits. GSIS is also the administrator of the

title: This Is What the Truth Feels Like

text: "This Is What the Truth Feels Like" begins with "Misery". An electropop song with "future-disco beats", the album's third single "captures the highs and lows of being gobsmacked in love". According to Nicki Gostin, writing for the "New York Daily News", the song's lyrics are unclear and either detail Stefani's former relationship with Rossdale, or her current relationship with Shelton. The track makes several references to love and drugs through the use of hyperbole and cliches. "You're My Favorite" has "Super Mario 64 cave synths and [a] tinny, trap-adjacent percussion". The song was dubbed "the most 'Stefani-esque'" by Nicholaus James

title: Government of Guam

text: Government of Guam The Government of Guam (GovGuam) is a presidential representative democratic system, whereby the President is the head of state and the Governor is head of government, and of a multi-party system. Guam is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States with policy relations between Guam and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs. The governor and lieutenant governor are elected on the same sad ticket by popular vote for four-year terms. The current Governor of Guam is Eddie Baza Calvo. The current Lt. Governor of Guam is Raymond Tenorio. The next gubenatorial

title: Academic grading in France

text: the French government began to explore possible conversion of the 0-20 grading scale to 0-4 or 0-5. Since 2008, the College Gabriel-Séailles, a middle school in southern France, has abolished grading altogether. Primary schools generally use a 10-point grading scale or a letter grade. The European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) scale is gaining popularity in the post-secondary education system, since it is the standard for comparing study performance throughout the European Union. The GPA grading scale is becoming more and more common as well, since it eases the comparison with American students. Some Grandes écoles use "exotic" systems,

title: Government Service Insurance System

text: this year in global markets, and another $1 billion locally". Government Service Insurance System The Government Service Insurance System (, abbreviated as GSIS) is a government-owned and controlled corporation (GOCC) of the Philippines. Created by Commonwealth Act No. 186 and Republic Act No. 8291 (GSIS Act of 1997), GSIS is a social insurance institution that provides a defined benefit scheme under the law. It insures its members against the occurrence of certain contingencies in exchange for their monthly premium contributions. GSIS members are entitled to an array of social security benefits, such as life insurance benefits, separation or retirement benefits,

title: What Has Government Done to Our Money?

text: What Has Government Done to Our Money? What Has Government Done to Our Money? is a 1963 book by Murray N. Rothbard that details the history of money, from early barter systems, to the gold standard, to present day systems of paper money. Rothbard explains how money was originally developed, and why gold was chosen as the preferred commodity to use as money. The essay, "What Has Government Done to Our Money?" was written by Rothbard as an objective historical account with a provocative title. In contrast, "The Case for a 100 Percent Gold Dollar" was an essay with an

title: Minister of the Interior (France)

text: Minister of Worship used to be a fully-fledged minister, but this position no longer exists since 1912. While the Ministry of the Interior supervises police forces, it does not supervise criminal enquiries. Those enquiries are conducted under the supervision of the judiciary. The Ministry's headquarters are located on the place Beauvau, facing the Élysée Palace. "Place Beauvau" is often used as a metonym for the ministry. The current Minister of the Interior is Christophe Castaner. Minister of the Interior (France) The Minister of the Interior (; ) is an important position in the Government of France. The office is equivalent

title: Energy in France

text: Energy in France Energy in France is the energy and electricity production, consumption and import in France. The electricity sector in France is dominated by nuclear power, which accounted for 72.3% of total production in 2016, while renewables and fossil fuels accounted for 17.8% and 8.6%, respectively. France has the largest share of nuclear electricity in the world. The country is also among the world's biggest net exporters of electricity. The French nuclear power sector is almost entirely owned by the French government and the degree of the government subsidy is difficult to ascertain because of a lack of transparency.

title: The Finnish Institute in France

text: and typical materials used in decoration and interior design in Finland. The dominating elements in the decoration are wood and the grand windows of the grande salle which have an aerial view on Musée de Cluny. The institute space has a surface of 600 square meters, and it is funded by the Finnish state. The space includes a multipurpose room with 200 places, a movie theatre with 90 places, a seminar room and library. The current director of the institute is Meena Kaunisto. The Finnish Institute in France The Finnish Institute in France, Institut finlandais, is a cultural institute representing

title: The Holocaust in France

text: almost all, death." The Holocaust in France The Holocaust in France refers to the persecution, deportation, and annihilation of Jews and Roma between 1940 and 1944 in occupied France, metropolitan Vichy, and in Vichy-North Africa, during World War II. The persecution began in 1940, and culminated in deportations of Jews from France to concentration camps in Germany and Nazi-occupied Poland from 1942 which lasted until July 1944. Of the 340,000 Jews living in metropolitan/continental France in 1940, more than 75,000 were deported to death camps, where about 72,500 were killed. French Vichy government and the French police participated in the

title: The Holocaust in France

text: The Holocaust in France The Holocaust in France refers to the persecution, deportation, and annihilation of Jews and Roma between 1940 and 1944 in occupied France, metropolitan Vichy, and in Vichy-North Africa, during World War II. The persecution began in 1940, and culminated in deportations of Jews from France to concentration camps in Germany and Nazi-occupied Poland from 1942 which lasted until July 1944. Of the 340,000 Jews living in metropolitan/continental France in 1940, more than 75,000 were deported to death camps, where about 72,500 were killed. French Vichy government and the French police participated in the roundup of Jews.

title: What in the World

text: later made by Pac-Man and the Nintendo Entertainment System pulses throughout the song, which, coupled with extremely rhythmic guitar solos, creates a frantic pace. The song also makes use of the Harmonizer which Tony Visconti brought to the studio which was used to Dennis Davis' drumming. The song also features Iggy Pop on backing vocals. Pop's album "The Idiot" was recorded back-to-back with "Low" at the same facility, was produced by Bowie, and featured many of the same musicians. What in the World "What in the World" is a song by David Bowie released on his 1977 album "Low", later

title: Women in France

text: preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence. France has a long tradition of indulgence towards crimes of passion, which before 1975 were treated legally very leniently. In France, as of 2004-2009, former and current partners were responsible for more than 80% of all cases of murders of women. The traditional religion of France is Roman Catholicism, but today it is no longer the state religion; and contemporary France is one of the most secular countries in Europe. In France, freedom of religion is guaranteed by the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. The

title: What Is Man? (King essay)

text: What Is Man? (King essay) "What is man?" is a 1959 essay from the book, "The Measure of a Man", written by Martin Luther King Jr. In "The Measure of a Man", King raises issues of totalitarian government and democracy. He also states, 'Although there is widespread agreement in asking the question, there is fantastic disagreement in answering it'. There are some people, he continues, that believe 'man is little more than an animal' and there are those 'who would lift man almost to the position of a God'. There are then those who would 'combine the truths of both'

title: Censorship in France

text: cent in Francophone countries, and these minimums must be met during evening prime-time as well as daily overall time. The latter law is not linguistic censorship because it applies to television programs that are dubbed into French; rather it is a restriction of foreign-produced cultural content. In another law that involves censorship of both linguistic and foreign-produced content, songs in the French language on radio are protected by a minimum quota system. The press is largely unrestricted by law in France, although indirect pressures are sometimes applied to prevent publication of materials against the interests of the government or influential