query: where are the headquarters of the united nations organization found?

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: the seats of major organs. Although it is situated in New York City, the land occupied by the United Nations Headquarters and the spaces of buildings that it rents are under the sole administration of the United Nations and not the U.S. government. They are technically extraterritorial through a treaty agreement with the U.S. government. However, in exchange for local police, fire protection and other services, the United Nations agrees to acknowledge most local, state, and federal laws. None of the United Nations' 15 specialized agencies (such as UNESCO) are located at the headquarters. However, some "autonomous subsidiary organs", such

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: of the signs in the UN headquarters building are in those languages. The site of the UN headquarters has extraterritoriality status. This affects some law enforcement where UN rules override the laws of New York City, but it does not give immunity to those who commit crimes there. In addition, the United Nations Headquarters remains under the jurisdiction and laws of the United States, although a few members of the UN staff have diplomatic immunity and so cannot be prosecuted by local courts unless the diplomatic immunity is waived by the Secretary-General. In 2005, Secretary-General Kofi Annan waived the immunity

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: Headquarters of the United Nations The United Nations is headquartered in New York City, in a complex designed by a board of architects led by Wallace Harrison, and built by the architectural firm Harrison & Abramovitz. The complex has served as the official headquarters of the United Nations since its completion in 1952. It is located in the Turtle Bay neighborhood of Manhattan, on of grounds overlooking the East River. Its borders are First Avenue on the west, East 42nd Street to the south, East 48th Street on the north and the East River to the east. The term "Turtle

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: themselves only, formally, at the request of the Secretary-General. Journalists, when reporting from the complex, often use "United Nations" rather than "New York City" as the identification of their location in recognition of the extraterritoriality status. The currency in use at the United Nations headquarters' businesses is the U.S. dollar. The UN's stamps are issued in denominations of the U.S. dollar. U.S. postal rates must be followed. The complex has a street address of United Nations Headquarters, New York, NY 10017, USA. For security reasons, all mail sent to this address is sterilized, so items that may be degraded can

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: seen in the 2008 game "Grand Theft Auto IV", but called the Civilization Committee Building (CC). The building is also in the racing game "The Crew" in the New York City area of the game. Notes Citations Other sources Headquarters of the United Nations The United Nations is headquartered in New York City, in a complex designed by a board of architects led by Wallace Harrison, and built by the architectural firm Harrison & Abramovitz. The complex has served as the official headquarters of the United Nations since its completion in 1952. It is located in the Turtle Bay neighborhood

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: their own rooms, the UN would be able to reduce its own expenditures. The headquarters were originally supposed to be completed in 1951, with the first occupants moving into the Secretariat Building in 1950. However, in November, New York City's construction coordinator Robert Moses reported that construction was two months behind schedule. By that time, 60% of the headquarters' site had been excavated. The same month, the United Nations General Assembly unanimously voted to formally thank the national, state, and city governments for their role in building the headquarters. The formal $23.8 million contract for the Secretariat Building was awarded

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: the building is vaporised by Dreyfus with a doomsday device. The final Roadblock of the 21st season of the American version of "The Amazing Race" also took place inside the gates of this building and had teams associating national flags with the different "hellos" and "goodbyes" they heard during the race. In the first issue of "Atomic War!" published in November 1952, New York City is hit with a Soviet atomic bomb in 1960, the Headquarters of the United Nations. the Empire State Building, the Chrysler Building are all shown collapsing during the bombing of the city. The building is

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: scheme 23–32, which was built and is what can be seen today. Along with suggestions from the other members of the Board of Design Consultants, this was developed into project 42G. This late project was built with some reductions and other modifications. Many cities vied for the honor of hosting the UN Headquarters site, prior to the selection of New York City. The selection of the East River site came after over a year of protracted study and consideration of many sites in the United States. A powerful faction among the delegates advocated returning to the former League of Nations

title: Mexico and the United Nations

text: headquarters in New York City and to the other main UN agencies based in Geneva, Nairobi, Paris, Rome and Vienna. Mexico and the United Nations Mexico is one of the 51 founding members of the United Nations and was admitted into the organization in 1945. Since then, Mexico is a full member of all the UN agencies and participates actively within the organization and has diplomatic relations with most member states. On 26 June 1945, Mexico was represented in San Francisco by Ezequiel Padilla Peñaloza, Francisco Castillo Nájera and Manuel Tello Baurraud in the signing of the United Nations Charter.

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: However, the UN did reject an unusual "model playground" proposal for that site, instead choosing to construct a play area similar to others found around New York City. The first 450 UN employees started working at the Secretariat Building on August 22, 1950. The United Nations officially moved into the Secretariat Building on January 8, 1951, by which time 3,300 employees occupied the building. At the time, much of the Secretariat Building was still unfinished, and the bulk of the UN's operations still remained at Lake Success. A centralized phone-communications system, was built to facilitate communications within the complex. The

title: United Nations

text: well." Official websites Other United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization that was tasked to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international co-operation and be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations. The headquarters of the UN is in Manhattan, New York City, and is subject to extraterritoriality. Further main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi, and Vienna. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states. Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security, protecting human rights, delivering humanitarian aid, promoting sustainable development and upholding international

title: United Nations

text: United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization that was tasked to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international co-operation and be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations. The headquarters of the UN is in Manhattan, New York City, and is subject to extraterritoriality. Further main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi, and Vienna. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states. Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security, protecting human rights, delivering humanitarian aid, promoting sustainable development and upholding international law. On 25 April

title: History of the United Nations

text: in a unique position of global dominance, creating a variety of new problems for the UN (See the United States and the United Nations). In December 1945, the US Senate and the US House of Representatives, by unanimous votes, requested that the UN make its headquarters in the United States. The UN accepted this suggestion and, after considering sites in the Black Hills, Flushing Meadows–Corona Park, Navy Island and what would become the World Trade Center site, constructed the United Nations headquarters building in New York City in 1949 and 1950 beside the East River on land purchased with an

title: United States and the United Nations

text: United States and the United Nations The United States of America is a charter member of the United Nations and one of five permanent members of the UN Security Council. The United States is host to the headquarters of the United Nations, which includes the usual meeting place of the General Assembly in New York City, the seat of the Security Council and several bodies of the United Nations. The United States is the largest provider of financial contributions to the United Nations, providing 22 percent of the entire UN budget in 2017 (in comparison the next biggest contributor is

title: United States and the United Nations

text: met with minimal congressional support and died in committee. United States and the United Nations The United States of America is a charter member of the United Nations and one of five permanent members of the UN Security Council. The United States is host to the headquarters of the United Nations, which includes the usual meeting place of the General Assembly in New York City, the seat of the Security Council and several bodies of the United Nations. The United States is the largest provider of financial contributions to the United Nations, providing 22 percent of the entire UN budget

title: History of the United Nations

text: $8.5 million donation from John D. Rockefeller, Jr. The UN headquarters officially opened on January 9, 1951, although construction was not formally completed until October 9, 1952. Under special agreement with the United States, the UN enjoys certain diplomatic privileges and immunities, but generally the laws of New York City, New York State, and the United States apply. While the principal headquarters of the UN remain in New York City, major agencies base themselves in Geneva, The Hague, Vienna, Nairobi and elsewhere. The basic constitutional makeup of the United Nations has changed little, though vastly increased membership has altered the

title: International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers

text: first celebrated in 2003. The date, May 29, marks the anniversary of the creation of the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) in 1948 to monitor the ceasefire after the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, which was the first ever UN peacekeeping mission. The day is marked at the United Nations Headquarters in New York City with the presentation of the Dag Hammarskjöld Medal, statements by the President of the General Assembly and the Secretary-General, as well as a press release regarding the state of UN Peacekeeping missions and the continued necessity of their work. There are also observances around the world;

title: Bangladesh and the United Nations

text: Bangladesh and the United Nations Bangladesh and United Nation have a strong relation. Bangladesh is one of the largest troop contributing countries in the world. Bangladesh is represented in the United Nations Headquarters, New York City, by the Permanent Mission of Bangladesh to the United Nations which is headed by the Permanent Representative of Bangladesh to the United Nations. Masud Bin Momen is the present Permanent representative of Bangladesh to the United Nation. Permanent Mission of Bangladesh to the United Nations in Geneva represents the interest of Bangladesh to United Nation organs based in Geneva. Bangladesh is represented in Vienna

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: are a few organizations which regularly hold events at the UN. The United Nations Association of the United States of America (UNA-USA), a non-governmental organization, holds an annual "member's day" event in one of the conference rooms. Model United Nations conferences sponsored by UNA-USA, the National Collegiate Conference Association (NCCA/NMUN), and the International Model UN Association (IMUNA/NHSMUN) hold part of their sessions in the General Assembly chamber. Seton Hall University's Whitehead School of Diplomacy hosts its UN summer study program at the headquarters as well. Due to its role in international politics, the United Nations Headquarters is often featured in

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: through selective access to politicians from other countries, with the aim of having an advantage over rival countries. In the wake of the Snowden global surveillance disclosures, the subject of the relocation of the UN headquarters was again discussed, this time for security reasons. Among the cities that have been proposed to house the headquarters of the United Nations are Saint Petersburg, Montreal, Dubai, Jerusalem, and Nairobi. Critics of the relocation say that the idea would be expensive and would also involve the withdrawal of the United States from the organization, and with it much of the agency's funding. They

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: Complainants about its current location include diplomats who find it difficult to obtain visas from the United States and local residents complaining of inconveniences whenever the surrounding roads are closed due to visiting dignitaries, as well as the high costs to the city. A US telephone survey in 2001 found that 67% of respondents favored moving the United Nations headquarters out of the country. Countries critical of the USA, such as Iran and Russia, are especially vocal in questioning the current location of the United Nations, arguing that the United States government could manipulate the work of the General Assembly

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: Bay" is occasionally used as a metonym for the UN headquarters or for the United Nations as a whole. The headquarters holds the seats of the principal organs of the UN, including the General Assembly and the Security Council, but excluding the International Court of Justice, which is seated in the Hague. The United Nations has three additional, subsidiary, regional headquarters, or headquarters districts. These were opened in Geneva (Switzerland) in 1946, Vienna (Austria) in 1980, and Nairobi (Kenya) in 1996. These adjunct offices help represent UN interests, facilitate diplomatic activities, and enjoy certain extraterritorial privileges, but do not contain

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: of Benon Sevan, Aleksandr Yakovlev, and Vladimir Kuznetsov in relation to the Oil-for-Food Programme, and all were charged in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Benon Sevan later fled the United States to Cyprus, while Aleksandr Yakovlev and Vladimir Kuznetsov decided to stand trial. United Nations Security officers are generally responsible for security within the UN Headquarters. They are equipped with weapons and handcuffs and may be mistaken for NYPD officers, due to similarity in uniforms. The NYPD's 17th Precinct patrols the area around and near the complex, but may enter the UN headquarters

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: UN Plaza) are also part of headquarters. In addition, the Church Center for the United Nations (777 UN Plaza) is a private building owned by the United Methodist Church as an interfaith space housing the offices of several non-governmental organizations. The Office of Internal Oversight Services (OIOS) is located at 380 Madison Avenue. In October 2011 city and state officials announced an agreement in which the UN would be allowed to build a long-sought new office tower adjacent to the existing campus on the current Robert Moses Playground, which would be relocated. In exchange, the United Nations would allow the

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: be sent by courier. The United Nations Postal Administration issues stamps, which must be used on stamped mail sent from the building. For award purposes, amateur radio operators consider the UN headquarters a separate "entity" under some award programs such as DXCC. For communications, UN organizations have their own internationally recognized ITU prefix, 4U. However, only contacts made with the UN Headquarters in New York, and the ITU count as separate entities. Other UN organizations such as the World Bank count for the state or country they are located in. The UN Staff Recreation Council operates amateur radio station 4U1UN,

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: as UNICEF, have their headquarters at the UNHQ. The headquarters of the United Nations occupies a site beside the East River, on between of land purchased from the real estate developer William Zeckendorf Sr. At the time, the site was part of Turtle Bay, which was filled with slaughterhouses and tenement buildings. By the 1910s, there was also a pencil factory and a gas company building in Turtle Bay, on the site of the current UN headquarters. The development of Sutton Place and Beekman Place, north of the current UN site, came in the 1920s. A yacht club on the

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: International Library. In the late 1950s the Ford Foundation gave a grant to the United Nations for the construction of a new library building; Dag Hammarskjöld was also instrumental in securing the funding for the new building. The Dag Hammarskjöld Library was dedicated and renamed on November 16, 1961. The building was a gift from the Ford Foundation and is located next to the Secretariat at the southwest corner of the headquarters campus. The library holds 400,000 books, 9,800 newspapers and periodical titles, 80,000 maps and the Woodrow Wilson Collection containing 8,600 volumes of League of Nations documents and 6,500

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: temporary site. Another alternative for a temporary headquarters or a new permanent facility was the World Trade Center site. Once again, these plans met resistance both within the UN and from the United States and New York governments and were abandoned. By September 2015, the renovations were nearly complete but the cost had risen to $2.15 billion. Demolition of the North Lawn Building began in January 2016. The building was replaced with an open plaza, and most of its materials were to be recycled. Due to the significance of the organization, proposals to relocate its headquarters have occasionally been made.

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: related books and pamphlets. The library's Economic and Social Affairs Collection is housed in the DC-2 building. While outside of the complex, the headquarters also includes two large office buildings that serve as offices for the agencies and programmes of the organization. These buildings, known as DC-1 and DC-2, are located at 1 and 2 UN Plaza respectively. DC1 was built in 1976. There is also an identification office at the corner of 46th Street, inside a former bank branch, where pre-accredited diplomats, reporters, and others receive their grounds passes. UNICEF House (3 UN Plaza) and the UNITAR Building (807

title: United Nations Truce Supervision Organization

text: international civil servants with a background of service with the United Nations Secretariat at Headquarters. While on duty in Palestine, they were to continue to wear United Nations guard uniforms. UNTSO military observers remain in the Middle East to monitor ceasefires, supervise armistice agreements, prevent isolated incidents from escalating and assist other UN peacekeeping operations in the region. This resolution formed the basis for the establishment of the first United Nations peace-keeping operation which became known as the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization UNTSO In November 1947, the United Nations General Assembly endorsed a plan for the partition of the

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: the structure was so narrow. The flag of the United Nations was raised above the first beam as a demonstration for the many spectators who witnessed the first beam's erection. The Secretariat Building was to be completed no later than January 1, 1951, and if the consortium of Fuller, Turner, Slattery, and Walsh exceeded that deadline, they had to pay a minimum penalty of $2,500 per day to the UN. To reduce construction costs, the complex's planners downsized the Secretariat Building from 42 stories to 39 stories. The cornerstone of the headquarters was originally supposed to be laid on April

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: The General Assembly met at what had previously been the ice skating rink, and the Long Island Rail Road reopened the former World's Fair station as United Nations station. After the UN moved to its new Manhattan headquarters, the building was remodeled and briefly used as a pavilion for the 1964 New York World's Fair, after which it reverted to use as a skating rink until 2008, when the entire building began a long-term renovation to create expanded museum facilities. Per an agreement with the city, the buildings met some but not all local fire safety and building codes. In

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: UN had completely moved out of its Lake Success headquarters by May. The construction of the General Assembly Building was delayed due to a shortage of limestone for the building, which in turn resulted from a heavy snow at the British limestone quarries that were supplying the building's limestone. The erection of the building's framework began in February 1952. The Manhattan headquarters was declared complete on October 10, 1952. The cost of construction was reported to be on budget at $65 million. In 1953, twenty-one nations donated furnishings or offered to decorate the UN headquarters. A new library building for

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: Apartments across First Avenue from the Zeckendorf site. The city, in turn, spent $5 million on clearing the land. While the United Nations had dreamed of constructing an independent city for its new world capital, multiple obstacles soon forced the organization to downsize their plans. They ultimately decided to build on Rockefeller's East River plot, since the land was free and the land's owners were well known. The diminutive site on the East River necessitated a Rockefeller Center-type vertical complex, thus, it was a given that the Secretariat would be housed in a tall office tower. During daily meetings from

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: Norway and was designed by the Norwegian architect Arnstein Arneberg. The oil canvas mural depicting a phoenix rising from its ashes by Norwegian artist Per Krogh hangs at the front of the room. The 39-story Secretariat Building was completed in 1952. It houses offices for the Secretary General, the Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs and United Nations Legal Counsel, the Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs and Office of Disarmament Affairs, and the Department for General Assembly and Conference Management (DGACM). The library was founded with the United Nations in 1946. It was originally called the United Nations Library, later the United Nations

title: United Kingdom and the United Nations

text: peace operations and in UN headquarters. United Kingdom and the United Nations The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a founding member of the United Nations and one of five permanent members of the UN Security Council. As the fifth largest provider of financial contributions to the United Nations, the UK provided 5 percent of the UN budget in 2015, and 6.7 percent of the peacekeeping budget. British English is one of the six official languages of the United Nations, and the United Kingdom is home to the International Maritime Organization, whose head office is in London.

title: United Nations Industrial Development Organization

text: Agro-Industries, Sustainable energy and Climate Change, Montreal Protocol, and Environmental management. UNIDO was established as a UN programme in 1966 with headquarters in Vienna, Austria, and became a specialized agency of the United Nations in 1985. In 2004, UNIDO established the UNIDO Goodwill Ambassador programme. In 2009, UNIDO created a new flagship publication, "Making It: Industry for Development". As of January 2017, 168 States are Members of UNIDO. The organization employs some 670 staff at Headquarters and in field representations in about 80 countries, and draws on the services of some 2,800 international and national experts (approx. 50% from developing

title: Charter of the United Nations

text: is to serve as an interpretative guide for the provisions of the Charter through the highlighting of some of the core motives of the founders of the organization. The Purposes of the United Nations are The Organization and its Members, in pursuit of the Purposes stated in Article 1, shall act in accordance with the following Principles: Chapter II of the United Nations Charter deals with membership of the United Nations organization COMPOSITION Article 23 1. The Security Council shall consist of fifteen Members of the United Nations. The Republic of China, France, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: the entrance to the Security Council room. In 1952, two Fernand Léger murals were installed in the General Assembly Hall. The works are meant to merely be decorative with no symbolism. One is said to resemble cartoon character Bugs Bunny and U.S. President Harry S. Truman dubbed the other work "Scrambled Eggs". Two large murals by Brazilian artist Cândido Portinari, entitled "Guerra e Paz" ("War" and "Peace") are located at the delegates hall. The works are a gift from the United Nations Association of the United States of America and Portinari intended to execute them in the United States. However,

text: the "Industrial Development Centre", headed by a "Commissioner for Industrial Development". In the aftermath, proposals for further institutionalizing industrial development-related issues within the UN were considered by various advisory groups and inter-organizational organs. Subsequently, the United Nations General Assembly created the UNIDO in November 1966 as a special organ of the United Nations. In January 1967, the Organization was formally established with Headquarters in Vienna, Austria. Compared to the Industrial Development Centre, UNIDO's creation was intended to broaden the work of its predecessor. Besides normative activities, such as acting as a forum for discussions, analytical functions and information dissemination, UNIDO

title: Brazil and the United Nations

text: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) headquarters in Paris, the Permanent Delegation of Brazil is headed by Ambassador Marcia Donner Abreu. Brazil joined UNESCO in 1946, and has been a member of its executive board several times, most recently 2007–09. Brazil and the United Nations Federative Republic of Brazil is a founding member of the United Nations and participates in all of its specialized agencies. Brazil is among the twenty top contributors to United Nations peacekeeping operations, and has participated in peacekeeping efforts in the Middle East, the former Belgian Congo, Cyprus, Mozambique, Angola, and more recently East

title: Flag of the United Nations

text: Flag of the United Nations The flag of the United Nations was adopted on December 7, 1946, and consists of the official emblem of the United Nations in white on a blue background. The emblem's design is described as: The olive branches are a symbol for peace, and the world map represents all the people and the countries of the world. White and blue are the official colours of the United Nations. The organizers of the 1945 United Nations Conference on International Organization in San Francisco, California wanted an insignia that could be made into a pin to identify delegates.

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: 1961. The UN identifies Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish as its six official languages. Delegates speaking in any of these languages will have their words simultaneously interpreted into all of the others, and attendees are provided with headphones through which they can hear the interpretations. A delegate is allowed to make a statement in a non-official language, but must provide either an interpreter or a written copy of his/her remarks translated into an official language. English and French are the working languages of the United Nations Secretariat, as most of the daily communication within the Secretariat and most

text: countries) annually, who work in project assignments throughout the world. The estimated total volume of UNIDO operations for the biennium 2012–2013 is €460 million, the value of technical cooperation delivery in 2012 amounted to $189.2 million. UNIDO's headquarters are located at the Vienna International Centre, the UN campus that also hosts the International Atomic Energy Agency, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and the Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization. UNIDO explains its thematic focus areas as follows: As a primary driver of economic growth and employment creation, the private sector has a central role

title: Model United Nations in the United States

text: MUN is mostly seen as an educational political exercise, where the students understanding of the world and power is emphasized, and where awards and resolution writing tend to be de-emphasized. As a result, the Midwest's crisis conferences are well-regarded, with ChoMUN and CIMUN being particularly well known for this style. Model United Nations of the University of Chicago (MUNUC) is the largest high school conference in the Midwest, featuring 27 different committees, with several thousand delegates in attendance. The Model United Nations Development Organization (MUNDO) runs the Chicago International Model United Nations (CIMUN), which featured 24 committees, and welcomed 1300

title: Jehovah's Witnesses and the United Nations

text: president, claimed the newly formed United Nations was the scarlet-colored wild beast of Revelation that would be ridden by the woman "Babylon", which Knorr identified as "the religious organization with headquarters at Vatican City". In 1963 Jehovah's Witnesses adopted a resolution establishing the official view of the United Nations. The resolution was published in the November 15, 1963 issue of "Watchtower". At 24 assemblies held throughout the year, a total of 454,977 convention attendees adopted the resolution. Regarding the United Nations, paragraph 5 of that resolution states, "the nations further refused the surrender of their sovereignty to God's Messianic kingdom

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: 193 UN member states, plus the UN flag, are flown in English alphabetical order. The General Assembly building, housing the United Nations General Assembly, holds the General Assembly Hall which has a seating capacity of 1,800. At long by wide, it is the largest room in the complex. The Hall has two murals by the French artist Fernand Léger. At the front of the chamber is the rostrum containing the green marble desk for the President of the General Assembly, Secretary-General and Under-Secretary-General for General Assembly Affairs and Conference Services and matching lectern for speakers. Behind the rostrum is the

title: United Nations Information Centres

text: United Nations Information Centres United Nations Information Centres is an organization which was established in the year 1946. Its headquarters is in New York, USA, and it currently works worldwide in 63 countries. These centres are managed by the United Nations to exchange & provide current happenings to the world. They are directed by the Department of Public Information of the UN Secretariat to communicate problems related to the Organization. All development projects are reviewed and approved by DPI. These projects are thematic promotional campaigns of the issues related to UN and publicized through the regional information centres. In 1946,

title: United Nations Information Centres

text: and electronic information medium. UNICs are engaged in multiple cores of activities for sharing the latest information about UN system. United Nations Information Centres United Nations Information Centres is an organization which was established in the year 1946. Its headquarters is in New York, USA, and it currently works worldwide in 63 countries. These centres are managed by the United Nations to exchange & provide current happenings to the world. They are directed by the Department of Public Information of the UN Secretariat to communicate problems related to the Organization. All development projects are reviewed and approved by DPI. These

text: United Nations Industrial Development Organization The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), French/Spanish acronym ONUDI, is a specialized agency in the United Nations system, headquartered in Vienna, Austria. The Organization's primary objective is the promotion and acceleration of industrial development in developing countries and countries with economies in transition and the promotion of international industrial cooperation. It is also a member of the United Nations Development Group. UNIDO believes that competitive and environmentally sustainable industry has a crucial role to play in accelerating economic growth, reducing poverty and achieving the Millennium Development Goals. The Organization therefore works towards improving the

title: Charter of the United Nations

text: document regarding human rights. The following chapters deal with the enforcement powers of UN bodies: The Preamble to the treaty reads as follows: Accordingly, our respective Governments, through representatives assembled in the city of San Francisco, who have exhibited their full powers found to be in good and due form, have agreed to the present Charter of the United Nations and do hereby establish an international organization to be known as the United Nations. Although the Preamble is an integral part of the Charter, it does not set out any of the rights or obligations of member states; its purpose

title: United Nations Environment Organization

text: United Nations Environment Organization Proposals for the creation of a United Nations Environmental Organization (UNEO) have come as some question the efficacy of the current United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) at dealing with the scope of global environmental issues. Created to act as an anchor institution in the system of Global Environmental Governance (GEG), it has failed to meet those demands. The UNEP has been hindered by its title as a Programme as opposed to a Specialized agency like the WTO or WHO, in addition to a lack of voluntary funding, and a location removed from the centers of political

title: United Nations Environment Organization

text: UNEO more likely. United Nations Environment Organization Proposals for the creation of a United Nations Environmental Organization (UNEO) have come as some question the efficacy of the current United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) at dealing with the scope of global environmental issues. Created to act as an anchor institution in the system of Global Environmental Governance (GEG), it has failed to meet those demands. The UNEP has been hindered by its title as a Programme as opposed to a Specialized agency like the WTO or WHO, in addition to a lack of voluntary funding, and a location removed from the

title: Permanent Representative of Australia to the United Nations Office in Geneva

text: December 1949. The United Nations Office in Geneva includes the headquarters of various international organisations including the World Health Organization, the United Nations Human Rights Council, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and the International Labour Organization. From 1949 to 1973 the role was titled 'Permanent Delegate'. Between 1980 and 1982, Francis Patrick Donovan served as 'Special Trade Delegate' while remaining ranked as an Ambassador. From 1983 to 1997 there was a separate Permanent Representative to the Conference on Disarmament, but from its establishment in 1979 to 1983 and from 1997 to present it has been held by the

title: United States and the United Nations

text: an organization that would be “the primary vehicle for maintaining peace and stability.” Roosevelt’s main role was to convince the different allies, especially Winston Churchill of the United Kingdom and Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union, to join the new organization. The negotiations mainly took place during the Dumbarton Oaks Conference and the Yalta Conference, where the three world leaders tried to reach a consensus concerning the United Nation’s structure, purposes and principles. “Roosevelt saw the United Nations as the crowning achievement of his political career.” In 1945, representatives from 50 countries met in San Francisco for the United Nations

title: Kazakhstan and the United Nations

text: Kazakhstan: UNDP (United Nations Development Program), UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund), UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime), UNHCR (Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights), UNV (United Nations Volunteers programme), ILO (International Labor Organization), UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), WHO (World Health Organization), WB (World Bank), IMF (International Monetary Fund), UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Program on HIV / AIDS), DPI (Office of the Department of Public Information), OCHA (United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs), ESCAP (Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific), UNECE (United Nations Economic Commission

title: Charter of the United Nations

text: Charter of the United Nations The Charter of the United Nations (also known as the UN Charter) of 1945 is the foundational treaty of the United Nations, an intergovernmental organization. The UN Charter articulated a commitment to uphold human rights of citizens and outlined a broad set of principles relating to achieving ‘higher standards of living’, addressing ‘economic, social, health, and related problems,’ and ‘universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion.’ As a charter, it is a constituent treaty, and all members are bound by

title: Criticism of the United Nations

text: control program after the abuses had become public. The issue played a role in the Bush administration's decision in 2002 to cut off funding for the organization. There has been criticism that the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States), who are all nuclear powers, have created an exclusive nuclear club whose powers are unchecked. Unlike the General Assembly, the United Nations Security Council does not have true international representation. This has led to accusations that the UNSC only addresses the strategic interests and political motives of the

title: History of the United Nations

text: During the war, the United Nations became the official term for the Allies. To join countries had to sign the Declaration and declare war on the Axis. The idea for the future United Nations as an international organization emerged in declarations signed at the wartime Allied conferences: the Moscow Conference and the Tehran Conference on 30 October 1943. US President Franklin D. Roosevelt considered his most important legacy the creation of the United Nations, making a permanent organization out of the wartime Alliance of the same name. He provided continuous backstage political support inside the United States, and with Churchill

title: Member states of the United Nations

text: Member states of the United Nations The United Nations member states are the sovereign states that are members of the United Nations (UN) and have equal representation in the UN General Assembly. The UN is the world's largest intergovernmental organization. The criteria for admission of new members to the UN are set out in Chapter II, Article 4 of the UN Charter: A recommendation for admission from the Security Council requires affirmative votes from at least nine of the council's fifteen members, with none of the five permanent members using their veto power. The Security Council's recommendation must then be

title: Charter of the United Nations

text: down such conditions as it deems just for the participation of a state which is not a Member of the United Nations. Chapter XIX of the United Nations Charter deals with ratification and signature of the UN Charter. It provided that the Charter would enter into force once ratified by the Permanent Five members of the United Nations Security Council and a majority of the other signatory states. Charter of the United Nations The Charter of the United Nations (also known as the UN Charter) of 1945 is the foundational treaty of the United Nations, an intergovernmental organization. The UN

title: History of the United Nations

text: History of the United Nations The history of the United Nations as an international organization has its origins in World War II. Since then its aims and activities have expanded to make it the archetypal international body in the early 21st century. The earliest concrete plan for a new world organization to replace the ineffective League of Nations began under the aegis of the US State Department in 1939. On 12 June 1941, representatives of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Union of South Africa, and of the exiled governments of Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,

title: History of the United Nations

text: functioning of some elements. The UN as a whole has generated a rich assortment of non-governmental organizations and special bodies over the years: some with a regional focus, some specific to the various peacekeeping missions, and others of global scope and importance. Other bodies (such as the International Labour Organization) formed prior to the establishment of the United Nations and only subsequently became associated with it. History of the United Nations The history of the United Nations as an international organization has its origins in World War II. Since then its aims and activities have expanded to make it the

text: fulfilled in 1985, and in December of the same year, UNIDO finally became the sixteenth Specialized Agency of the United Nations with Headquarters in Vienna. During the subsequent years, UNIDO continuously expanded particularly its operational activities. However, several developments outside and inside the Organization led to a crisis, which reached a breaking point in 1997 when UNIDO faced the risk of closure: After the end of the Cold War and the triumph of the market economic system over the command economic system, and in view of the Washington Consensus that limited the role of industrial policy in economic development processes,

title: Chapter II of the United Nations Charter

text: Chapter II of the United Nations Charter Chapter II of the United Nations Charter deals with membership to the United Nations (UN) organization. Membership is open to the original signatories and "all other peace-loving states" that accept the terms and obligations set forth in the UN Charter and, "in the judgment of the Organization, are able and willing to carry out these obligations". According to Chapter II of the UN Charter, in order to be admitted to the UN, a country must first be recommended by the UN Security Council and then approved by vote of the UN General Assembly.

title: Boy Scouts of the United Nations

text: had 48 members. It became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1950. One troop of the Boy Scouts of the United Nations took part in the 7th World Scout Jamboree in Bad Ischl. The Boy Scouts of the United Nations took part in the Jubilee Jamboree in 1957. Also, children of diplomatic and commercial representatives of East bloc countries were members of the Boy Scouts of the United Nations. Scouting and Guiding maintain close relations with the United Nations today, as with the work of World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts, World Organization

text: the Deputy to the Director General (DDG), the Programme Support and General Management Division (PSM) as well as offices of Internal Oversight and Legal Services. The current (2013) Director-General of UNIDO, Mr. Li Yong (China), was elected by Member States in June 2013. UNIDO's system of field representation includes four categories of offices: In order to provide additional support to UNIDO's technical activities, different types of technical offices have been established. These include: United Nations Industrial Development Organization The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), French/Spanish acronym ONUDI, is a specialized agency in the United Nations system, headquartered in Vienna,

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: as well as a deck over FDR Drive on the headquarters' eastern side. To fit in with the accelerated schedule of construction, the steel would have to be delivered by September. The project also included a four-lane, $2.28 million vehicular tunnel under First Avenue so that traffic could bypass the headquarters when the UN was in session. The tunnel started construction on August 1, 1949. The tunnel involved two years of planning due to its complexity. Property inside Tudor City, just west of the headquarters, was also acquired so that two streets near the UN headquarters could be widened. The

title: United Nations Environment Organization

text: power, in Nairobi, Kenya. These factors have led to widespread calls for UNEP reform, and following the publication of Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC in February 2007, a "Paris Call for Action" read out by French President Chirac and supported by 46 countries, called for the UNEP to be replaced by a new and more powerful United Nations Environment Organization, to be modelled on the World Health Organization. The 52 countries included the European Union nations, but notably did not include the United States and BRIC (Brasil, Russia, India, and China), the top five emitters of greenhouse gases. A

title: The Holocaust and the United Nations Outreach Programme

text: camp in 1945. The Programme unveiled the permanent exhibit on the "Holocaust and the United Nations" at United Nations Headquarters in January 2008. The exhibit, developed with the assistance of Holocaust scholars, presents an overview of the Holocaust in the context of World War II and the founding of the United Nations. It is seen by the 400,000 visitors who visit United Nations Headquarters annually. The Holocaust and the United Nations Outreach Programme has screened a dozen documentary and feature films on the Holocaust and the prevention of genocide. Many of the films have been shown both at the United

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: February to June 1947, the collaborative team produced at least 45 designs and variations. Rather than hold a competition for the design of the facilities for the headquarters, the UN decided to commission a multinational team of leading architects to collaborate on the design. Harrison was named as Director of Planning, and a Board of Design Consultants was composed of architects, planners and engineers nominated by member governments. The board consisted of N. D. Bassov of the Soviet Union, Gaston Brunfaut (Belgium), Ernest Cormier (Canada), Le Corbusier (France), Liang Seu-cheng (China), Sven Markelius (Sweden), Oscar Niemeyer (Brazil), Howard Robertson (United

title: Azerbaijan and the United Nations

text: and participatory consultations with a number of partners. The mutual relations between Azerbaijan and the UN developed rapidly in many fields. Azerbaijan joined the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the United Nations Industry Development Organization (UNIDO) and implemented different projects and programmes in order to improve living standards, structural adjustments of economy in close cooperation with these organizations. So far different UN agencies have implemented about 50 projects which are totally cost $96.6 million. Presently United Nations Development Program (UNDP) is implementing 10 projects in different fields in Azerbaijan. UN`s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is implementing three national

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: which was a gift from the Luxembourg government Other prominent artworks on the grounds include "Peace" - a Marc Chagall stained glass window memorializing the death of Dag Hammarskjöld - the Japanese Peace Bell which is rung on the vernal equinox and the opening of each General Assembly session, a Chinese ivory carving made in 1974 (before the ivory trade was largely banned in 1989), and a Venetian mosaic depicting Norman Rockwell's painting "The Golden Rule". A full-size tapestry copy of Pablo Picasso's "Guernica", by Jacqueline de la Baume Dürrbach, is on the wall of the United Nations building at

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: construction of an esplanade along the East River that would complete the East River Greenway, a waterfront pedestrian and bicycle pathway. While host nation authorities have agreed to the provisions of the plan, it needs the approval of the United Nations in order to be implemented. The plan is similar in concept to an earlier proposal that had been announced in 2000 but did not move forward. The complex is also notable for its gardens and outdoor sculptures. Iconic sculptures include the "Knotted Gun", called "Non-Violence", a statue of a Colt Python revolver with its barrel tied in a knot,

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: Building's interior furnishings proceeded quickly so that the building could be open in January 1951. In February 1950, the UN invited companies from 37 countries to bid on $2 million worth of furniture for the Secretariat Building. A month later, the UN announced that it would also be accepting all donations from private citizens, entities, or organizations. This marked a reversal from their previous policy of rejecting all donations. A $1.7 million steel contract on the United Nations General Assembly building, the last structure to be built, was awarded in April 1950. At the time, the building was not expected

title: United Nations Conference on International Organization

text: United Nations Conference on International Organization The United Nations Conference on International Organization (UNCIO), commonly known as the San Francisco Conference, was a convention of delegates from 50 Allied nations that took place from 25 April 1945 to 26 June 1945 in San Francisco, California, United States of America. At this convention, the delegates reviewed and rewrote the Dumbarton Oaks agreements of the previous year. The convention resulted in the creation of the United Nations Charter, which was opened for signature on 26 June, the last day of the conference. The conference was held at various locations, primarily the War

title: Representative of the United States to the European Office of the United Nations

text: U.S.C. § 287 : US Code - Section 287(e): Representation in Organization. The Representative has the rank of Ambassador and reports directly to the United States Ambassador to the United Nations. The office is sometimes referred to as "ambassador" but the correct title is "representative" for organizations (see diplomatic rank). References from unless otherwise indicated. Representative of the United States to the European Office of the United Nations The Representative of the United States to the European Office of the United Nations is the chief of mission of the United States Mission to the European Office of the United Nations

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: the complex opened in 1950, were expected to take about 7 years to complete. When completed the complex is also expected to be more energy efficient and have improved security. A temporary $140 million "North Lawn Building" was built to house the United Nations' "critical operations" while renovations proceeded. Work began on May 5, 2008, but the project was delayed for a while. By 2009 the cost of the work had risen from $1.2 billion to $1.6 billion with some estimates saying it would take up to $3 billion. Officials hoped the renovated buildings would achieve a LEED Silver rating.

title: Reform of the United Nations

text: replaced by a new and more powerful United Nations Environment Organization (UNEO), to be modelled on the World Health Organization. The 46 countries included the European Union member states, but notably did not include the United States, China, Russia, and India, the top four emitters of greenhouse gases. Then Secretary General Kofi Annan streamlined all UN Agencies working on International Development Issues under a new United Nations Development Group, chaired by the Administrator of the UNDP. The Delivering as One concept was also introduced. The main normative instrument for reforming the UN development system is the Quadrennial comprehensive policy review

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: and occasionally use special callsigns with prefix 4U and ending in UN to commemorate various events at the UN. The complex includes a number of major buildings. While the Secretariat building is most predominantly featured in depictions of the headquarters, it also includes the domed General Assembly building, the Dag Hammarskjöld Library, as well as the Conference and Visitors Center, which is situated between the General Assembly and Secretariat buildings, and can be seen only from FDR Drive or the East River. Just inside the perimeter fence of the complex stands a line of flagpoles where the flags of all

title: Lebanon and the United Nations

text: Lebanon and the United Nations The Lebanese Republic is one of the 51 founding members of the United Nations when it signed the United Nations Conference on International Organization in 1945. Lebanon has played the role and has participated as a non-permanent member in the Security Council between 1953 and 2010. The United Nations system within Lebanon joins forces to provide a tailor-made accurate and beneficial response to Lebanon’s development and humanitarian challenges. Lebanon participated in the United Nations Conference on International Organization in June 1945 during the closing months of World War II and signed the United Nations Charter

title: United Nations Information Service at Geneva

text: for Human Rights (OHCHR), the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). UNIS Geneva is also responsible for guided tours of the Palais des Nations, which is the headquarters of the United Nations Office at Geneva, with over 100,000 visitors each year. The tour of the Palais des Nations - built in the 1930s for the League of Nations - includes meeting rooms

title: Chapter XVIII of the United Nations Charter

text: Chapter XVIII of the United Nations Charter Chapter XVIII of the United Nations Charter deals with amendments. The process is essentially modeled after the amendment process for the United States Constitution in that: There have been several amendments to the United Nations Charter since 1945, mostly to reflect increases in the size of the organization. However, the fundamental structure has remained the same. Nonetheless, the UN amendment process arguably favors the flexibility and continued existence of the organization more than the League of Nations amendment process specified by Article 26 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, which stated,

title: Enlargement of the United Nations

text: members, or were dissolved. The UN officially came into existence on 24 October 1945, after ratification of the United Nations Charter by the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and a majority of the other signatories. A total of 51 original members (or founding members) joined that year; 50 of them signed the Charter at the United Nations Conference on International Organization in San Francisco on 26 June 1945, while Poland, which was not represented at the conference, signed it on 15 October 1945. Below

title: Headquarters of the United Nations

text: were set to go on trial in March 1949. The House was loath to distribute the full $65 million because the government was concerned that the UN's proposed headquarters would grant diplomatic immunity to the two individuals. The UN used the Reconstruction Finance Corp.'s $25 million as a stopgap measure. The resulting case circumscribed the immunity of UN employees. To save money, the UN considered retaining an existing building on the Manhattan site, which had been slated for demolition once the headquarters was completed. Until 1950, the UN refused to accept private donations for the headquarters' construction, citing a policy

title: United Nations Association of the United States of America

text: United Nations Association of the United States of America The United Nations Association of the United States of America (UNA-USA) is a nonprofit membership organization dedicated to building understanding of and support for the ideals and work of the United Nations among the American people. Its education, policy and advocacy programs emphasize the importance of cooperation among nations and the need for American leadership at the UN. UNA-USA is affiliated with the World Federation of United Nations Associations, which began in 1946 as a public movement for the UN. It has 135 community based chapters across the United States, and

text: United Nations Truce Supervision Organization The United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) is an organization founded on 29 May 1948<ref name="s/res/73">UN Doc S/RES/73 (1949) S/1376, II 11 August 1949 UN Security Council Resolution 73</ref> for peacekeeping in the Middle East. Its primary task was providing the military command structure to the peace keeping forces in the Middle East to enable the peace keepers to observe and maintain the cease-fire, and as may be necessary in assisting the parties to the Armistice Agreements in the supervision of the application and observance of the terms of those Agreements. The command structure of

text: UNTSO: Transfer of computers via Israel normal United Nations Truce Supervision Organization The United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) is an organization founded on 29 May 1948<ref name="s/res/73">UN Doc S/RES/73 (1949) S/1376, II 11 August 1949 UN Security Council Resolution 73</ref> for peacekeeping in the Middle East. Its primary task was providing the military command structure to the peace keeping forces in the Middle East to enable the peace keepers to observe and maintain the cease-fire, and as may be necessary in assisting the parties to the Armistice Agreements in the supervision of the application and observance of the terms

text: date, the United Nations Security Council established the first peacekeeping operation, the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO), based in the Middle East. In 2001, the General Assembly proclaimed 29 May as the International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers to pay tribute to the men and women who serve in United Nations peacekeeping operations and honour the memory of those who have lost their lives in the cause of peace. Following the wars of 1948, 1956, 1967 and 1973, the functions of the observers changed in the light of changing circumstances, but they remained in the area, acting as go-betweens

title: Chapter I of the United Nations Charter

text: to intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state or shall require the Members to submit such matters to settlement under the present Charter; but this principle shall not prejudice the application of enforcement measures under Chapter VII." (Only the Security Council can institute Chapter VII enforcement measures.) Chapter I of the United Nations Charter Chapter I of the United Nations Charter lays out the purposes and principles of the United Nations organization. These principles include the equality and self-determination of nations, respect of human rights and fundamental freedoms and the obligation of member countries

text: subjected to parliamentary approval. It had been agreed that the Charter would come into effect when ratified by the governments of China, France, Britain, the Soviet Union, the United States, and a majority of the other signatory countries, and when they had notified the United States Department of State of their ratifications. This happened on 24 October 1945. United Nations Conference on International Organization The United Nations Conference on International Organization (UNCIO), commonly known as the San Francisco Conference, was a convention of delegates from 50 Allied nations that took place from 25 April 1945 to 26 June 1945 in

title: Chapter VI of the United Nations Charter

text: Council or the General Assembly. This chapter authorizes the Security Council to issue recommendations but does not give it power to make binding resolutions; those provisions are contained Chapter VII. Chapter VI is analogous to Articles 13-15 of the Covenant of the League of Nations which provide for arbitration and for submission of matters to the Council that are not submitted to arbitration. United Nations Security Council Resolution 47 and United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 are two examples of Chapter VI resolutions which remain unimplemented. There is a general agreement among legal scholars outside the organization that resolutions made

title: Academic Council of the United Nations System

text: countries and continues to keep scholars and practitioners engaged in research, writing, teaching, and policy practice related to the United Nations, the UN system, and international organization from a broader perspective. ACUNS holds General Consultative Status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) and United Nations Department of Public Information (DPI) and Associate Status with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). It is possible for council members to be registered to attend meetings organized by UN specialized agencies, the UN Secretariat, and other UN bodies. ACUNS currently has over 650 individual and 42 institutional members

title: Criticism of the United Nations

text: Criticism of the United Nations Criticism of the United Nations has encompassed numerous arguments regarding various aspects of the organization, such as policy, ideology, equality of representation, administration, ability to enforce rulings, and ideological bias. In 2004, former ambassador to the UN Dore Gold published a book called "Tower of Babble: How the United Nations Has Fueled Global Chaos". The book criticized what it called the organization's moral relativism in the face of (and occasional support of) genocide and terrorism that occurred between the moral clarity of its founding period and the present day. While the UN during its founding

title: Yearbook of the United Nations

text: Yearbook of the United Nations With its comprehensive coverage of UN engagement in political and security matters, human rights issues, economic and social questions, legal issues, and institutional, administrative and budgetary matters, the Yearbook of the United Nations stands as the authoritative reference work on the annual activities and concerns of the Organization. Fully indexed, the "Yearbook" also includes the texts of all major General Assembly, Security Council and Economic and Social Council resolutions and decisions. This in-depth narrative of its annual work has been produced by the United Nations since 1946. The most recently published "Yearbook", Volume 65, covering

title: United Nations Association of the Philippines

text: United Nations Association of the Philippines The United Nations Association of the Philippines (abbreviated as UNAP) is a national civic, non-sectarian and non-partisan organization, established in 1947 to help promote in the Philippines the ideals and objectives of the United Nations. To this end, it strives at all times to promote world understanding, cooperation and peace among nations based on human dignity and universal friendship. UNAP is a member of the World Federation of United Nations Associations, based in New York and Geneva, Switzerland. UNAP undertakes a year-round continuing program of activities responsive to the needs of national development and

text: programs on five continents. The American Association for the United Nations, UNA-USA's predecessor organization, grew out of the League of Nations Association in 1943. A group of prominent citizens, including first Executive Director Clark Eichelberger, activated AAUN to promote acceptance of the Dumbarton Oaks proposals in the late years of World War II. Among the Association's early actions was a nationwide tour by a number of US representatives who set out to spread the word about these important proposals and to gain support for US adherence to the proposed new international organization-the United Nations. When former First Lady of the

title: Nigeria and the United Nations

text: the Nigerian headquarters of the United Nations in 2011. During April 2014, Boko Haram kidnapped approximately 276 students in what is known as the Chibok schoolgirl kidnapping. In response, the United Nations classified Boko Haram as an associate of Al-Qaeda and subjected it to financial sanctions and an arms embargo. Nigeria and the United Nations Nigeria is a member of the United Nations. Nigeria did not become independent of the United Kingdom until 1960, while the United Nations had already been established by the Declaration by United Nations in 1942. Tijjani Muhammad-Bande is the permanent representative of Nigeria. In 2013,

title: United Nations Medal

text: Nations mission or organization where there is no specific approved United Nations medal, personnel may be eligible for the United Nations Special Service Medal (UNSSM). Some examples of qualifying service are the United Nations Assistance Mission in Iraq, or the United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs Accelerated De-Mining Programme (MADP) in Mozambique. Some nations, such as France, the Commonwealth of Australia, Canada and New Zealand permit members of the military and police to receive and display multiple United Nations Medals as separate decorations. Other countries, in particular the United Kingdom, permit a service member to receive the relevant United Nations

title: Mexico and the United Nations

text: Mexico and the United Nations Mexico is one of the 51 founding members of the United Nations and was admitted into the organization in 1945. Since then, Mexico is a full member of all the UN agencies and participates actively within the organization and has diplomatic relations with most member states. On 26 June 1945, Mexico was represented in San Francisco by Ezequiel Padilla Peñaloza, Francisco Castillo Nájera and Manuel Tello Baurraud in the signing of the United Nations Charter. The country was formally admitted into the organization on 7 November 1945. Since the beginning, Mexico has participated actively in