query: which countries border the us?

title: Sweetgrass–Coutts Border Crossing

text: single story brick building when US Route 91 was replaced by Interstate 15 a few feet to the west. This building has since been demolished. In 2004, the US and Canada completed work on a massive joint border inspection station which houses the inspection agencies of both countries. Sweetgrass–Coutts Border Crossing The Sweetgrass–Coutts Border Crossing connects the town of Sweet Grass, Montana, with Coutts, Alberta, on the Canada–United States border. It is the busiest port of entry in the state of Montana, and is the location where Interstate 15 meets Alberta Highway 4. This crossing is open 24/7. The port

title: Countries applying biometrics

text: cross the US-Canada border and makes use of biometric authentication technology, specifically "iris recognition biometric technology". It permits pre-approved members of the program to use self-serve kiosks at airports, reserved lanes at land crossings, or by phoning border officials when entering by water. As of February 2018, Utah requires applicants for non-REAL ID driver licenses to provide fingerprints, and California and Colorado fingerprint all driver license applicants. The number of countries adopting biometrics for voting registration or voting authentication has steadily increased. As of 2016, half of the countries in Africa and Latin America use this technology in elections. According

title: Thousand Islands Border Crossing

text: and Canada border stations are located at the opposite ends of this span. The crossing is the westernmost of the three on the St. Lawrence River and is very busy, with up to two hours of waits during the summer. The US border station of Alexandria Bay has sometimes been called "Thousand Islands", and the Canada border station of Lansdowne has sometimes been called "Gananoque", named for the nearby town where international ferry service has historically (and continues to be) provided. These border stations are also responsible for inspecting vessel traffic between the two countries. The US has seasonal vessel

title: Churubusco–Franklin Centre Border Crossing

text: Churubusco–Franklin Centre Border Crossing Churubusco-Franklin Centre is a border crossing connecting Franklin Centre, Quebec to Churubusco, New York on the Canada–US border. In an unusual lack of coordination between the two countries, the United States committed to building a new $6.8 Million border inspection station at Churubusco, at the same time Canada committed to closing its Franklin Centre border station. The result is an apparent permanent condition where travelers may enter the US from Canada via southbound Quebec Route 209 at this location, but they must return via another route instead of taking northbound New York State Route 189. Canada

title: Countries applying biometrics

text: nation's largest single commercial application of biometrics. However, the US-VISIT program will very soon surpass Walt Disney World for biometrics deployment. The United States records all fingerprints and a picture of foreign airline passengers visiting the U.S. (excepting Canadians), keeping it in databases for seventy-five years. It is suggested that such information should be shared among the U.S. and other countries that have similar systems. Privacy advocates are worried about data leakage and misuse. NEXUS is a joint Canada-United States program operated by the Canada Border Services Agency and U.S. Customs and Border Protection. It is designed to expedite travel

title: Highgate Springs–St. Armand/Philipsburg Border Crossing

text: a nonstop limited access highway from the second largest city in Canada to Greater Boston. The US port of entry has a new cattle inspection facility. There is a duty-free shop on the Canadian side, 3, Route 133, which services travelers leaving/entering both countries. Highgate Springs–St. Armand/Philipsburg Border Crossing The Highgate Springs–St. Armand/Philipsburg Border Crossing connects the towns of Philipsburg, Quebec with Highgate Springs, Vermont on the Canada–US border. It is also the terminus of Interstate 89 and Quebec Route 133. The crossing is the busiest of the 15 in Vermont. Even before construction of the 4-lane highway, this crossing

title: Poker Creek - Little Gold Creek Border Crossing

text: and Canada constructed a joint border inspection station, where inspectors from both countries occupy a single facility. Poker Creek - Little Gold Creek Border Crossing The Poker Creek–Little Gold Creek Border Crossing is on the Top of the World Highway, which connects the communities of Tok, Alaska and Dawson, Yukon on the Canada–United States border. This crossing is the northernmost international border crossing in North America, as well as the one at the highest elevation: . The Top of the World Highway was completed around 1955, but the US performed border inspection services about 120 miles away in Tok, Alaska

title: Laurier-Cascade Border Crossing

text: the US National Register of Historic Places in 2014. Canada replaced its 1950-era border station in 2007. Laurier-Cascade Border Crossing The Laurier-Cascade Border Crossing connects the town of Kettle Falls, Washington with Christina Lake, British Columbia on the Canada–US border. This crossing is the point at which the road signed as US Route 395 on the American side and British Columbia Highway 395 on the Canadian side, the Kettle River, the Canadian Pacific Railway, and the runway of the Avey Field State Airport all traverse the Canada–US border. Canada has operated a border station at this crossing since 1897, when

title: Hyder - Stewart Border Crossing

text: Hyder - Stewart Border Crossing The Hyder - Stewart Border Crossing connects the communities of Hyder, Alaska and Stewart, British Columbia on the Canada–US border. It can be reached by British Columbia Highway 37A from Stewart and International Street from Hyder. There is no US border inspection station at this crossing, making it the only land border crossing where a person may legally enter the United States without reporting for inspection. The US closed its border station, which was located in the same building as the Boundary Gift Shop, in the late 1970s. As a result, all flights leaving the

title: Alcan - Beaver Creek Border Crossing

text: Alcan - Beaver Creek Border Crossing The Alcan - Beaver Creek Border Crossing is on the Alaska Highway, which was built during World War II for the purpose of providing a road connection between the contiguous United States and Alaska. Beaver Creek is the westernmost community in Canada. Until 1971, the US operated its border station at Tok, Alaska, nearly from the Canada–US border. This station inspected traffic entering the US on both the Alaska Highway and the Top of the World Highway. In 1971, US border inspection stations were constructed near the border both at Alcan and at the

title: Northgate Border Crossing

text: Northgate Border Crossing The Northgate Border Crossing connects the cities of Bowbells, North Dakota and Alameda, Saskatchewan on the Canada–US border. It is reached by North Dakota Highway 8 on the American side and Saskatchewan Highway 9 on the Canadian side. This border crossing opened in 1962, when Highway 8 was built, which passed a half mile west of the small town of [[Northgate After being idle for years, the [[Canadian National Railway]] upgraded its tracks at this crossing to support rail traffic from the [[Bakken oil field]]. The US upgraded its border station on Highway 8 in 2004. [[File:Northgate

title: Canada–United States border

text: Canada–United States border The Canada–United States border (), officially known as the International Boundary (), is the longest international border in the world between two countries. It is shared between Canada and the United States, the second- and fourth-largest countries by area, respectively. The terrestrial boundary (including portions of maritime boundaries in the Great Lakes, and on the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic coasts) is long, of which is Canada's border with Alaska. Eight Canadian provinces and territories (Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick), and thirteen U.S. states (Alaska, Washington, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota, Michigan,

title: Laurier-Cascade Border Crossing

text: Laurier-Cascade Border Crossing The Laurier-Cascade Border Crossing connects the town of Kettle Falls, Washington with Christina Lake, British Columbia on the Canada–US border. This crossing is the point at which the road signed as US Route 395 on the American side and British Columbia Highway 395 on the Canadian side, the Kettle River, the Canadian Pacific Railway, and the runway of the Avey Field State Airport all traverse the Canada–US border. Canada has operated a border station at this crossing since 1897, when the prospecting boom was at its peak. In 1899, the Columbia and Western Railway laid tracks across

title: Border

text: on car liability insurance validity and other formalities may also take place. In places where smuggling, migration, and infiltration are a problem, many countries fortify borders with fences and barriers, and institute formal border control procedures. These can extend inland, as in the United States where the U.S. Customs and Border Protection service has jurisdiction to operate up to 100 miles from any land or sea boundary. On the other hand, some borders are merely signposted. This is common in countries within the European Schengen Area and on rural sections of the Canada–United States border. Borders may even be completely

title: Skagway - Fraser Border Crossing

text: The US Border Inspection Station is located south of the border at , making it the farthest offset from the border of any US land border station. More people cross the Canada–US border here than at any other land border crossing in Alaska. The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) station of Fraser is similarly located, north of the Canada–US border at , though it is not the farthest offset of any Canadian border station. The Beaver Creek station is from the border crossing along the Alaska Highway. Skagway - Fraser Border Crossing The Skagway - Fraser Border Crossing is on

title: Thousand Islands Border Crossing

text: Thousand Islands Border Crossing The Thousand Islands Border Crossing connects the towns of Alexandria Bay, New York and Ivy Lea, Ontario on the Canada–US border. The crossing is via the international span of the Thousand Islands Bridge. The Thousand Islands bridge, which was completed in 1938, is actually a system of three bridges and the island roadways connecting them. The international span, which crosses a small rift between Wellesley Island in the US and Hill Island in Canada, is only in length. A second, parallel span was built in 1959 to accommodate congestion at the ports of entry. The US

title: Maida–Windygates Border Crossing

text: Maida–Windygates Border Crossing The Maida–Windygates Border Crossing connects the cities of Langdon, North Dakota and Morden, Manitoba on the Canada–US border. It is connected by North Dakota Highway 1 on the American side and Manitoba Highway 31 on the Canadian side. The US border station of Maida, which was built in 1961, was replaced in 2012. The construction of this replacement border station required a local bar in Maida named Jacks Bar to be torn down. Now the once booming town, originally established in 1884, sits empty with only one resident. The Windygates border station was built in 1963, and

title: Border checkpoint

text: service (sometimes referred to as customs service or border patrol agents). In some countries (e.g. China and Japan), there are border checkpoints when both entering and exiting the country, while in others (e.g. U.S. and Canada), there are border checkpoints only when entering the country. (There are also United States Border Patrol interior checkpoints.) The "Schengen "Borders Code"," which forms part of the law of the European Union, defines some terms as follows (particularities with respect to the EU are left out, in order to emphasize general usability of those definitions): These definitions mean that a place where a road

title: Canadian Border Peak

text: Prairie in the area of Greendale, which is just east of the boundary between the cities of Chilliwack and Abbotsford. Canadian Border Peak Canadian Border Peak, , originally known simply as Border Peak, is a mountain at the head of Slesse Creek in the Cascade Mountains of the Lower Mainland of British Columbia, Canada. As its name suggests, it is near the Canada–US border and is connected via a high ridge or col to American Border Peak, which is slightly higher at . The two together are known as the Border Peaks or American-Canadian Border Peaks and are most easily

title: Nighthawk-Chopaka Border Crossing

text: a day. The area west of the station is the most remote part of the contiguous US on the border, through the Cascade Mountains. The next border crossing to the west is the Sumas-Huntingdon Border Crossing, which is 125 miles from Nighthawk-Chopaka. However, many hikers on the Pacific Coast Trail cross between North Cascades National Park and Manning Park without reporting at the nearest official Port of Entry as they are supposed to. Canada built its current border station on Nighthawk Road in 1950. For many years, the US operated its border inspection services out of a trailer that was

title: Del Bonita Border Crossing

text: road. In 2012, the US replaced its border inspection station, which was built in 1962. Del Bonita Border Crossing The Del Bonita Border Crossing connects the town of Cut Bank, Montana with Del Bonita, Alberta on the Canada–US border. It is reached by Montana Secondary Highway 213 on the American side and Alberta Highway 62 on the Canadian side. The crossing was established in 1939, when the highway was completed. At that time, the nearby crossing at Whiskey Gap was permanently closed. Today, there is little activity near this crossing on either side of the border, although the grass runway

title: Maida–Windygates Border Crossing

text: is slated to be replaced in 2017. Maida–Windygates Border Crossing The Maida–Windygates Border Crossing connects the cities of Langdon, North Dakota and Morden, Manitoba on the Canada–US border. It is connected by North Dakota Highway 1 on the American side and Manitoba Highway 31 on the Canadian side. The US border station of Maida, which was built in 1961, was replaced in 2012. The construction of this replacement border station required a local bar in Maida named Jacks Bar to be torn down. Now the once booming town, originally established in 1884, sits empty with only one resident. The Windygates

title: Neche–Gretna Border Crossing

text: replaced in 2017. Neche–Gretna Border Crossing The Neche–Gretna Border Crossing connects the cities of Neche, North Dakota and Gretna, Manitoba on the Canada–US border. It is connected by North Dakota Highway 18 on the American side and Manitoba Highway 30 on the Canadian side. Canada first established Gretna as a Port of Entry in 1883. This crossing is frequently closed due to flooding of the Pembina River, most recently in 2009, 2011, 2013 and 2017. The US border station of Neche, which was built in 1965, was replaced in 2011. The Gretna border station was built in 1981. It is

title: Neche–Gretna Border Crossing

text: Neche–Gretna Border Crossing The Neche–Gretna Border Crossing connects the cities of Neche, North Dakota and Gretna, Manitoba on the Canada–US border. It is connected by North Dakota Highway 18 on the American side and Manitoba Highway 30 on the Canadian side. Canada first established Gretna as a Port of Entry in 1883. This crossing is frequently closed due to flooding of the Pembina River, most recently in 2009, 2011, 2013 and 2017. The US border station of Neche, which was built in 1965, was replaced in 2011. The Gretna border station was built in 1981. It is slated to be

title: Roosville Border Crossing

text: he bought out the "Philips Trading Post" from Michael Philips, and subsequently opened his own store and post office, which he named "Roosville". Both the US and Canada border stations shares this name. The crossing is the second-busiest in Montana and the westernmost. Canada's wooden border station built in the 1930s was replaced with the current facility in 1990. The US border station (shown at the left) was built in 1933, and replaced by its current facility in 2004. The port of Roosville, Montana, once included a remote station at Trailcreek, Montana, about 30 miles to the east. The Trailcreek-Flathead

title: Genki Rockets II: No Border Between Us

text: music video "Touch me" was released with the CD in 2D. The cover art depicts fictional lead singer Lumi floating on an unknown planet while the earth revolves in the background which is also a screenshot from the make.believe video. The first 13 tracks are original while tracks 14-17 are bonus tracks which are remixes. Genki Rockets II: No Border Between Us Genki Rockets II: No Border Between Us is the second full-length album from virtual band Genki Rockets. The album was released on September 7, 2011, roughly 3 years and two months after their first eponymous debut "". The

title: Genki Rockets II: No Border Between Us

text: Genki Rockets II: No Border Between Us Genki Rockets II: No Border Between Us is the second full-length album from virtual band Genki Rockets. The album was released on September 7, 2011, roughly 3 years and two months after their first eponymous debut "". The album comprises around twenty tracks which remain in the same J-pop and electronica genre as the first album. To accompany the first single "Make.Believe" the band made a 3D video which has been shown in Expo's in Tokyo and Los Angeles. Followed by an other 3D video, published in June 2010: "Curiosity". Instead the third

title: Migrant deaths along the Mexico–United States border

text: caused tension between the United States and other countries, particularly Mexico and the countries of Central America, from where a majority of illegal immigrants that enter the United States through the Southwestern borders come. Foreign consulates across the Southwest United States, in particular those of Latin American countries, have condemned the deaths of illegal immigrants across the border. Migrant deaths along the Mexico–United States border Migrant deaths along the Mexico–U.S. border occur hundreds of times a year because of those attempting to cross into the United States from Mexico illegally. The US Border Patrol reported 294 migrant deaths in the

title: Masnaa Border Crossing

text: April 29, 2010, a US security delegation visited the crossing, causing concern from the Lebanese Government and Hezbollah militants operating out of Lebanon. Masnaa Border Crossing The Masnaa Border Crossing is an international border crossing between the countries of Lebanon and Syria. It is completely land-based and links the customs checkpoints of Masnaa, Lebanon, and Jdeidat Yabous, Syria. An 8 km no man's land of desolate neutral territory buffers the distance between the border stations. It is the primary crossing point between the countries, linking the capital cities of Beirut and Damascus. The border has been closed many times in

title: The Border Post

text: wound Mirjana, while Paunović and Pašić start begin a fight which leaves Pašić dead. The film ends with Siniša returning home, visibly shaken. The Border Post The Border Post () is a comedy-drama produced in international cooperation between the countries of the former Yugoslavia and directed by Rajko Grlić. It was released in 2006. A JNA military border post on the Yugoslav-Albanian border in the late 1980s is thrown into disarray when its commander Safet Pašić discovers he has syphilis which he contracted from a local prostitute. To conceal his infidelity from his wife, he raises the combat readiness with

title: Mediated cross-border communication

text: far into the aftermath of World War II until development and modernization became leading research themes in the 1960s (see Smith, 1956; Mowlana, 1973). In the 1950s, studies on mediated cross-border communication started to increasingly stress its assumed function as development and modernization prompter (development communication), not least due to the dozens of countries in Asia, Africa, and South America who gained their political independence at that time. US government interests to "modernize" these countries paralleled with sustained research efforts regarding the role of (mediated cross-border) mass media in this context (for a critical perspective on the role of US

title: The Border Post

text: The Border Post The Border Post () is a comedy-drama produced in international cooperation between the countries of the former Yugoslavia and directed by Rajko Grlić. It was released in 2006. A JNA military border post on the Yugoslav-Albanian border in the late 1980s is thrown into disarray when its commander Safet Pašić discovers he has syphilis which he contracted from a local prostitute. To conceal his infidelity from his wife, he raises the combat readiness with a fabricated story about an imminent Albanian attack to buy time until he can complete the three-week course of penicillin. Although the leave

title: Border guards of the inner German border

text: East German border guards were under orders not to speak to Westerners. Klaus Grünzner, a former West German border guard, later recalled: "I served ... for eight years and the East German police never said a single word to us, except in 1974 during the World Cup, when East Germany beat us. One of the guards shouted at us: 'Sparwasser [a GDR striker] really socked it to you!'" After the initiation of "détente" between East and West Germany in the 1970s, the two sides established procedures for maintaining formal contacts through fourteen direct telephone connections or "Grenzinformationspunkt" (GIP, "border information

title: Indonesia–Malaysia border

text: dispute originated in 1969 when the two countries negotiated to delimit the common border of their continental shelf. As the two countries could not agree on the soveignty of the two islands, the continental shelf border was left off the 1969 agreement between the two countries. Indonesia claimed that the islands were theirs by virtue of the fact that they were located south of 4° 10" North which it said formed the maritime border between it and Malaysia by virtue of a straight line extension of the land border which ended on the east coast Sebatik island. Malaysia however, claimed

title: Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border

text: We need this to avoid any future dispute between us and to prevent any violators from entering. As we all are sovereign states, we cannot keep the borders open any more, for there could be trespassers from third countries. Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan had serious "issues" regarding their mutual border until May 2004 when the Turkmen Foreign Ministry released a statement on May 31, 2004 saying disputes had been resolved. Relations appear to have further improved in recent years, with full demarcation of the border ongoing. The Fence between Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border The Turkmenistan-Uzbekistan border is 1,793km (1,114m) and

title: Nordic countries

text: countries' borders without having their passport checked, but still have to carry some sort of approved travel identification documents. As of November 2015, there are temporary border controls set up between Denmark and Sweden. These border controls were set up to tackle the issue with immigrants coming to Sweden in relation to the ongoing European migrant crisis Since 1996, these countries have been part of the larger EU directive Schengen Agreement area, comprising 30 countries in Europe. Border checkpoints have been removed within the Schengen zone and only a national ID card is required. Within the Nordic area any means

title: Canada Border Services Agency

text: the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, and the Government of the United States, specifically the Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Customs and Border Protection and the United States Coast Guard. The two major signatories to the Declaration were Canadian Deputy Prime Minister John Manley and then-US Director of Homeland Security Tom Ridge. The accord was set up in order to facilitate the cross-border flow of travellers and goods, while co-ordinating enforcement efforts in the two countries. The accord consists of 30 points of common interest to improve both security and trade between the two countries. Included in the

title: Canaan–Hereford Road Border Crossing

text: Leach Creek, a tributary of the Connecticut River and northwest of the village center of Canaan. The Canadian village of Hereford, a small cluster of buildings, is set just north of the border, while the area immediately south of the border is rural. The crossing is three miles from the Beecher Falls-East Hereford Border Crossing. A US Border patrol regional headquarters is between the two crossings. Remnants of the old Canaan Line House still stand abandoned between the two countries' border inspection stations. It once served as a popular watering hole during Prohibition. The Canadian station is located a short

title: Finland–Sweden border

text: each other. In the Bothnian Bay and the Bothnian Sea, the Finnish and Swedish territorial waters are separated by international waters. The territorial waters meet again in the Sea of Åland, where the countries have a maritime border of 15 kilometres. The border crosses the island of Märket, which has a 470-metre long, complexly shaped border marked with border signs. The international waters between the countries are divided into economic zones. The border between the economic zones mainly runs in straight lines through defined coordinate points. There have been agreements about the borders in 1972 and in 1994. The zone

title: Austria–Germany border

text: The border was confirmed in a treaty between the countries in 1972, after having been defined by a number of agreements between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Bavaria in the 19th century. In 1938 the countries merged through the Anschluss. This was reverted in 1955 by the Austrian State Treaty, which re-established Austria as a sovereign state. The Schengen Area removed border controls at the border in 1997. Temporary border controls were reinstalled in 2015 in response to the European migrant crisis. These temporary border controls are schedule to be removed on 11 November 2018, although they are

title: Border Junction, Wyoming

text: Border Junction, Wyoming Border Junction or Border is a populated place and road intersection in the far western part of Lincoln County, Wyoming. US Route 30 is the major road, which leads northwest to Montpelier, Idaho, in Bear Lake County, and southeast to Cokeville, Wyoming. Wyoming Highway 89 runs north toward US Route 89, and southeast concurrently with US 30. Lincoln County Road 134 runs briefly south toward some homes and ranches. The Union Pacific Railroad passes Border Junction in the direction of Rock Springs to the east and Pocatello, Idaho, to the west. Border Junction lies at elevation about

title: South of the Border (attraction)

text: were still in Mexico. The scene later reveals they were actually robbing the gift shop at South of the Border and are now traveling in the United States. South of the Border (attraction) South of the Border is an attraction on Interstate 95 (I-95), US Highway 301 (US 301) and US 501 in Dillon, South Carolina, just south of Rowland, North Carolina. It is so named because it is just south of the border between North Carolina and South Carolina and is themed in tongue-in-cheek, faux-Mexican style. The rest area contains restaurants, gas stations, a video arcade, and a motel,

title: Border blaster

text: government of the US did not particularly like them, the stations were allowed to flourish. W. Lee O'Daniel used a border blaster in his successful campaign for governor of Texas. The US, unlike the UK, has never required a license to listen to broadcast radio or television. The only restriction placed upon border-blasters was a law which prohibited studios in the US from linking by telephone to border-blaster transmitters in Mexico. This law, part of the Brinkley Act, was introduced in the wake of John R. Brinkley's fraudulent medical advice program on XERA. The Brinkley Act remains on the books

title: 2001 Bangladesh–India border clashes

text: 2001 Bangladesh–India border clashes The 2001 Bangladesh-India border dispute conflict took place in the third week of April 2001 between troops of the Bangladesh Rifles (BDR), which is now known as the Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB), and the Indian Border Security Force (BSF) on the poorly marked international border between the two countries. The Partition of Bengal in 1947 left a poorly demarcated international border between India and Bangladesh (then East Pakistan). Ownership of several villages on both sides of the de facto border were disputed and claimed by both countries. The dispute over the demarcation of the Indo-Bangladeshi border

title: Navies of landlocked countries

text: Navies of landlocked countries A landlocked navy is a naval force operated by a country which does not have a coastline. While such states are obviously unable to develop a sea-going, blue-water navy, they may still deploy armed forces on major lakes or rivers. There are several reasons a landlocked country may choose to maintain a navy. If a river or lake forms a national border, countries may feel the need to protect and patrol that border with a military force. In some regions, roads may be unreliable or circuitous, and a river or lake may be the easiest way

title: History of urban centers in the Low Countries

text: History of urban centers in the Low Countries The development of urban centers in the Low Countries shows the process in which a region, the Low Countries in Western Europe, evolves from a highly rural outpost of the Roman Empire into the largest urbanized area above the Alps by the 15th century CE. As such, this article covers the development of Dutch and Flemish cities beginning at the end of the migration period till the end of the Dutch Golden Age. During Roman times, the Low Countries belonged to the outer provinces of the empire, situated near the Roman-Germanic border.

title: Border control

text: as such. The most prominent example is airlines which check passports and visa before passengers are allowed to board the aircraft. Also for some passenger boats such check are performed before boarding. Border controls are usually the responsibility of specialised government organisations. Such agencies may oversee various aspects of border control, such as customs, immigration policy, border security, quarantine, and other such aspects. Official designations, jurisdictions and command structures of these agencies vary considerably, and some countries split border control functions across multiple agencies. The Border Security Force, or BSF, is the primary border defence organisation of India. It is

title: Border control

text: a border area. For example, the relaxed border controls maintained by Bhutan for those not proceeding past Phuentsholing and certain other border cities enable travellers to enter without going through any document check whatsoever. The American Border Crossing Card () issued to Mexican nationals enables Mexicans to enter border areas without a passport. Both America and Bhutan maintain interior checkposts to enforce compliance. Similarly, Schengen states which share an external land border with a non-EU member state are authorised by virtue of the EU Regulation 1931/2006 to conclude or maintain bilateral agreements with neighbouring third countries for the purpose of

title: Croatia–Slovenia border disputes

text: Croatia–Slovenia border disputes Following the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991, Slovenia and Croatia became independent countries. As the border between the countries had not been determined in detail prior to independence, several parts of the border were disputed, both on land and at the sea, namely in the Gulf of Piran. According to the Croatian Bureau of Statistics, the two countries share about of border. According to the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, the border spans . The border runs in the direction from the southwest to the northeast. The countries have attempted to resolve the dispute, most

title: State Border Guard Service (Kyrgyz Republic)

text: Troop Command, which effectively brought the border protection responsibilities under Russian command again. The borders of Kyrgyzstan with post-Soviet states were thus mostly unguarded as the Russian Border Troops mostly concentrated on guarding the borders facing countries such as Afghanistan and China. In August 1999, the duties of border protection was finally transferred from the Border Guard Service of Russia to the Kyrgyzstani government, which would eventually set the basis for the future State Border Guard Service and the tightening of its borders with the neighbouring countries. On 31 August 2002, the State Border Guard Service of the Kyrgyz Republic

title: South of the Border (attraction)

text: The entire motif of South of the Border can be described as intentionally campy. South of the Border is located at the intersection of I-95 and US 301/US 501 just south of the border between South Carolina and North Carolina. The site is a compound that contains a miniature golf course, truck stop, 300-room motel, multiple souvenir shops, a campground, multiple restaurants, amusement rides, and a observation tower with a sombrero shaped observation deck. It is also home to "Reptile Lagoon", the largest indoor reptile exhibit in the US. Architectural features include "a Jetsonsesque starburst chandelier" in the lobby and

title: Norway–Russia border

text: Lake Inari, which is regulated for level difference of . Both countries have appointed a border commissioner to uphold the border treaty and its protocols. The Norwegian Border Commissioner is based in Kirkenes and is subordinate to the National Police Directorate. The Russian commissioner is based in Nikel. Norwegian border patrolling is undertaken by the Garrison of Sør-Varanger, which largely bases itself on use of conscripts. In Russia border patrolling is carried out by the Border Guard Service of Russia and the Federal Security Service. The EEZs are patrolled by the Norwegian Coast Guard and the Russian FSB Coast Guard,

title: France–Spain border

text: with the signing of the Bayonne Treaties between 1856 and 1868. During the mandates of the Queen of Spain Isabel II and French emperor Napoleon III between the two countries were signed several agreements by which the border was established: Later both countries concluded agreements under the same point. In 1980 an agreement was signed to define the border into the Bielsa-Aragnouet tunnel, and 1984, during the construction of the road linking the Roncal Valley with Arette, it was agreed a mutual transfer of land of 2710 m. In 1995, with the entry into force of Schengen Agreement, border controls

title: The Border Blasters

text: The Border Blasters The Border Blasters are a Texas-based roots group composed of primary band members Todd Jagger and Jimmy Ray Harrell. The band calls their sound "Cowboy Swing & Hillbilly Blues" with Jagger on mandolin, guitar & vocals; and Harrell on guitar, piano, accordion & vocals. They are often joined by other musicians. The Border Blasters are noted for their easy-going on-stage camaraderie coupled with tight harmonies and raw, rootsy musicianship. The band takes their name from the high-powered radio stations along the US/Mexico border that broadcast an eclectic mix of country, folk, blues, gospel and quirky advertisements around

title: Belarus–Lithuania border

text: border is based on the border between Lithuanian SSR and Belarusian SSR within Soviet Union, which had remained largely stable since 1940. Since 2004 the border has served as the outer border of the European Union and, since 2007, the Schengen area. These developments brought increased border controls and stricter visa requirements for crossing between the two countries, although an agreement signed in 2010 aims to implement simplified traveling for people living within 50 kilometers of the border. As an outer border of EU, the border with Belarus has seen the most illegal attempts to cross the border in Lithuania,

title: South of the Border (attraction)

text: South of the Border (attraction) South of the Border is an attraction on Interstate 95 (I-95), US Highway 301 (US 301) and US 501 in Dillon, South Carolina, just south of Rowland, North Carolina. It is so named because it is just south of the border between North Carolina and South Carolina and is themed in tongue-in-cheek, faux-Mexican style. The rest area contains restaurants, gas stations, a video arcade, and a motel, and truck stop as well as a small amusement park, a mini golf course, shopping and fireworks stores. Its mascot is Pedro, a caricature of a Mexican bandido.

title: Brunei–Malaysia border

text: at the 100 fathom isobath. In its 1979 territorial waters and continental shelf map, Malaysia claimed the area to be part of its continental shelf and depicted the Brunei-Malaysian border as running up to the 100 fathom isobath. Brunei did not recognise these assertions made by Malaysia. The Exchange of Letters signed on 16 March 2009 by the two countries provided for Malaysia's recognition of Brunei's territorial waters which it had earlier disputed. A joint committee is to determine the final maritime border between the two countries. See below for more on the dispute between the two countries. At its

title: Border control

text: transactions worth $1.82 billion in 2016. Border security measures are border control policies adopted by a country or group of countries to fight against unauthorised travel or trade across its borders, limit illegal immigration, combat transnational crime, and prevent wanted criminals from travelling. In India, border security focuses primarily on the Bangladeshi and Pakistani borders. In order to deter unlawful immigration and drug trafficking from Bangladesh, India is constructing the India-Bangladesh barrier. On the Pakistani border, the Border Security Force aims to prevent the infiltration of Indian territory by terrorists from Pakistan and other countries in the west (Afghanistan, Iraq,

title: Nordic countries

text: Ministers. In this context, several aspects of the common market as in the EU have been implemented decades before the EU implemented them. Intra-Nordic trade is not covered by the CISG, but by local law. In the EU, the Northern Dimension refers to external and cross-border policies covering the Nordic countries, the Baltic countries and Russia. The political cooperation between the Nordic Countries has not led to a common policy or an agreement on the countries' memberships in the EU, Eurozone and NATO. Norway and Iceland are the only Nordic countries not members of the EU, while Finland and Sweden

title: Finland–Sweden border

text: Finland–Sweden border The Finnish-Swedish border is the border between the countries of Finland and Sweden. Almost the entire border runs through water: along the Tornio River and its tributaries, and in the Gulf of Bothnia. Only a few kilometres of the border are on dry land. Because of the Schengen treaty and the Nordic Passport Union, the border can be crossed mostly freely. In the north, the Finnish–Swedish border begins from the Treriksröset tripoint at the border of Norway, located in the Koltajärvi lake near Kilpisjärvi, which is also the northernmost point of Sweden. The first 230 metres of the

title: Mexico–United States border

text: are committed each day to hike the trails in search of a sick or wounded abandoned by their coyote (guide), and most importantly, they walk to bear witness of injustice sufferings against basic human rights. In contrast, there are other humanitarian groups whose goal is create healthier communities along the U.S.–Mexico border. Due to an incidence rate of HIV and tuberculosis being higher in border towns such as El Paso, Texas and Ciudad Juarez, Sonora than at the national level in both countries, the Nuestra Casa Initiative, developed with the help of Project Concern International, the US Agency for International

title: China–Kazakhstan border

text: by joint commissions. According to the commissions' protocols and maps, the two countries' border line is 1782.75 km long, including 1215.86 km of land border and 566.89 km of border line run along (or across) rivers or lakes. The commissions' work was documented by several joint protocols, finalized with the Protocol signed in Beijing on May 10, 2002. In 2011 a cross-border free trade area opened on the border at Khorgos in an effort to boost Chinese-Kazakh trade. The two countries' border protection authorities carry out regular meetings, and on occasions even joint border patrols. China–Kazakhstan border The China–Kazakhstan border,

title: Open border

text: to migrate from their country of origin to foreign countries. After World War II, countries were looking for many new workers, and Germany issued a guest work program to attract more people to work. Later, in the 1970s to 1980s strict borders were reinstated in industrialized countries. Currently, immigration is more restricted and harder for low-skilled and low-income people. To understand the arguments for and against open borders, it is necessary to have a basic understanding of the other types of borders available. These are: A conditionally open border is a border that allows movement of people across the border

title: Norway–Russia border

text: part of the Schengen Area. The distance 30 km is calculated as straight distances on the map, so local Norwegians can visit Zapolyarny which is the largest city in the border area, located 11 km (7 mi) from the border, but 50 km (31 mi) from the border station by road. There are more roads which cross the border and connect to the road network of both countries. They are not open to public. These are the two Paatsjoki River Hydroelectric Plants Hevoskoski and Skogfoss. Also the historic border crossing at Skafferhullet has such a road, and there is one

title: Finland–Norway border

text: Finland–Norway border The border between Norway and Finland is long. It is a land and river border between two tripoints. The western tripoint is marked by Treriksröset, a stone cairn where both countries border Sweden. The eastern tripoint is marked by Treriksrøysa, a stone cairn where both countries border Russia. The border was defined in a treaty from 1751, but was then a part of the border between the Kingdom of Sweden, ruling Finland, and the Crown of Denmark, ruling Norway. In the period 1738-1751 there were field investigations and negotiations on the border, although the Finnish part needed less

title: Malaysia–Singapore border

text: Malaysia–Singapore border The Malaysia–Singapore border is an international maritime border between the Southeast Asian countries of Malaysia, which lies to the north of the border, and Singapore to the south. The boundary is formed by straight lines between maritime geographical coordinates running along or near the deepest channel of the Straits of Johor (Malay: "Selat Tebrau"). The western portion of the border beyond that delimited by the 1995 agreement goes into the western section of the Singapore Straits while the eastern portion of the border beyond the eastern terminus of the defined border continues into the eastern section of the

title: England–Wales border

text: his native Wallasey, addressed Cardiff university students with the words "The border between England and Wales runs through this room". England–Wales border The England–Wales border, sometimes the Wales–England border or the Anglo-Welsh border, is the border between England and Wales, two constituent countries of the United Kingdom. It runs for , from the Dee estuary, in the north, to the Severn estuary in the south. It has followed broadly the same line since the 8th century, and in part that of Offa's Dyke; the modern boundary was fixed in 1536, when the former marcher lordships which occupied the border area

title: Portugal–Spain border

text: disputed between the two countries for two hundred years. A microstate existed previously on the border called Couto Misto. Districts on the Portuguese side of the border from North to South: Provinces on the Spanish side of the border from North to South: Portugal and Spain signed the Schengen Agreement in June 1991 which came into effect on 26 March 1995, making Portugal and Spain part of the Schengen area and thus the border then became an Open border. Portugal has since reintroduced border checks several times along the border with Spain, during the UEFA Euro 2004 championships, during the

title: Japan–Russia border

text: into the Soviet Union in 1945. Russia treats the islands as an integral part of the country. There are no border crossing points on the Russian-Japanese border, as it is a purely maritime boundary. During the existence of the land border in Sakhalin (1905-1945), it was crossed by one road. Soviet–Japanese border conflicts Japan–Russia border The Japan–Russia border is the "de facto" maritime boundary that separates the territorial waters of the two countries. According to the Russia border agency, the border's length is 194.3 km. The two countries do not share a terrestrial border, although in 1905-1945 the Russian Empire,

title: Malawi-Tanzania border

text: Mozambique and Tanzania. The border at Malawi Lake is disputed, as are the rights to the lake. Following the Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty of 1890, the two colonial powers, the United Kingdom (for Nyasaland, which later became Malawi) and Germany (for Tanganyika, which later became Tanzania) agreed that the border would follow the Tanzanian shore of the lake. When Malawi and Tanzania respectively gained independence, the agreement was never modified. Oil-prospecting projects on the lake conducted by a British company have revived border disagreements between the two countries. Malawi-Tanzania border The Malawi-Tanzania border is an international boundary that separates Malawi and Tanzania

title: Australia–Indonesia border

text: the current "width" of the Timor Gap which was decided by Australia and Indonesia (through the 1972 treaty) without consultation with the East Timorese or Portugal which was then the colonial administrator of East Timor. Australia–Indonesia border The Australia–Indonesia border is a maritime boundary running west from the two countries' tripoint maritime boundary with Papua New Guinea in the western entrance to the Torres Straits through the Arafura Sea and Timor Sea and terminating in the Indian Ocean. The boundary is, however, broken by the "Timor Gap", where Australian and East Timorese territorial waters meet and where the two countries

title: Brunei–Malaysia border

text: sections which were not covered by these agreements, the two countries agreed that their common border will be delimited based on the watershed principle. In addition, the two countries agreed to push for the joint demarcation and survey of their common border, through the establishment the necessary structures and processes to carry this out. The Memorandum of Understanding on the Process for the Joint Demarcation and Survey of the Land Boundary was signed on 19 March 2012 in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. The MOU, which was signed during the 8th Malaysia–Brunei Darussalam Meeting on the Implementation of the 2009 Exchange of

title: Indonesia–Malaysia border

text: between the two countries for this segment of their maritime border. The border follows the equidistant line between the baselines of Indonesia and Malaysia and Point 20 is the equidistant point between Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam (see table below). Point 20 is the western terminus of the Indonesia-Vietnam continental shelf boundary which the two countries agreed to in 2003 and the easternmost point of the area of overlapping claims between Malaysia and Vietnam. The southern termninus of the continental shelf boundary lies to the east of Pedra Branca which was disputed between Malaysia and Singapore and eventually awarded to Singapore

title: Malaysia–Vietnam border

text: which is located within Vietnamese waters and not within the border dispute area. The northern fields consist of the Bunga Orkid and Bunga Pakma fields. The operator for PM3 CAA is Talisman Energy. An extension to the Production Sharing Contract between Petronas and Petrovietnam on one part and Talisman on the other was extended on 6 April 2017 by the former until 2027. Malaysia–Vietnam border Malaysia and Vietnam are two Southeast Asian countries with maritime boundaries which meet in the Gulf of Thailand and South China Sea. The two countries have overlapping claims over the continental shelf in the Gulf

title: Finland–Norway border

text: numbered 343-353 against Finland were erected east of Nesseby, and cairns in between the originals with a letter after the number. From east to west: All road crossings on this border have customs stations. Finland–Norway border The border between Norway and Finland is long. It is a land and river border between two tripoints. The western tripoint is marked by Treriksröset, a stone cairn where both countries border Sweden. The eastern tripoint is marked by Treriksrøysa, a stone cairn where both countries border Russia. The border was defined in a treaty from 1751, but was then a part of the

title: Border control

text: peacetime and preventing transnational crime. It is a Union Government Agency under the administrative control of the Ministry of Home Affairs. It currently stands as the world's largest border guarding force. The Assam Rifles, one of India's oldest continuously existent paramilitary units, has been responsible for physical controls on the border between India and Myanmar since 2002. The boder area between India, Myanmar, and China is largely made up of minority groups, many of which are transboundary communities. Consequently, enforcing border controls is a challenge for all three countries, and porous sections of the border between India and Myanmar have

title: Border control

text: is the implementation of border controls on travel between Svalbard, which maintains a policy of free migration as a result of the Svalbard Treaty (Norwegian: Svalbard-traktaten; ) and the Schengen Area, which includes the rest of Norway. The Kingdom of Denmark also maintains a complex system of subnational countries with autonomous customs policies, since they aren’t within the European Union like the Danish mainland. These are Greenland () and the Faroe Islands (). These areas do not maintain strict immigration controls with the Schengen Area, but border controls are sporadically enforced for customs purposes. Other examples of effective internal border

title: Finland–Sweden border

text: 943/403), Pello (road 937/402) and in Aavasaksa/Övertorneå (road 98). There are also two river bridges in Tornio (one carries the European route E4, also Finnish national road 29), but they don't cross the border. The border is crossed by three roads in Haparanda/Tornio. South of the centre, the Torne River Railway Bridge crosses the river and the border. In Haparanda/Tornio, there is a bus station common to both cities, which was opened in 2014 and is located on the Swedish side near the border. Finland–Sweden border The Finnish-Swedish border is the border between the countries of Finland and Sweden. Almost

title: Megadiverse countries

text: Megadiverse countries The term megadiverse country refers to any one of a group of nations that harbor the majority of Earth's species and high numbers of endemic species. Conservation International identified 17 megadiverse countries in 1998. Many of them are located in, or partially in, tropical or subtropical regions. Mega diversity means exhibiting great diversity. The main criteria for megadiverse countries is endemism at the level of species, genera and families. A megadiverse country must have at least 5,000 species of endemic plants and must border marine ecosystems. In 2002, Mexico formed a separate organisation focusing on Like-Minded Megadiverse Countries,

title: England–Wales border

text: England–Wales border The England–Wales border, sometimes the Wales–England border or the Anglo-Welsh border, is the border between England and Wales, two constituent countries of the United Kingdom. It runs for , from the Dee estuary, in the north, to the Severn estuary in the south. It has followed broadly the same line since the 8th century, and in part that of Offa's Dyke; the modern boundary was fixed in 1536, when the former marcher lordships which occupied the border area were abolished and new county boundaries were created. The administrative boundary of Wales was confirmed in the Local Government Act

title: Japan–Russia border

text: Japan–Russia border The Japan–Russia border is the "de facto" maritime boundary that separates the territorial waters of the two countries. According to the Russia border agency, the border's length is 194.3 km. The two countries do not share a terrestrial border, although in 1905-1945 the Russian Empire, and, later, the USSR, did have a land border with Japan in Sakhalin Island. The border between Russia and Japan has changed several times over the last 200 years. The Treaty of Shimoda (1855) divided the Kuril Islands, creating a maritime boundary between the Japanese Etorofu (Iturup) in the south and the Russian

title: Indonesia–Singapore border

text: Indonesia–Singapore border The Indonesia–Singapore border is a maritime boundary in the Straits of Singapore between Indonesia's Riau Islands which lie to the south of the border, and the islands of Singapore which lie to the north. The Straits of Singapore is one of the region's busiest waterways as it is the main channel for Singapore's ports. Only a portion of the maritime border between the two countries has been determined. The remaining parts, especially those lying to the east of the delimited boundary, may require the involvement of Malaysia as the country also possesses territorial waters in the area. The

title: Indonesia–Singapore border

text: the FIR of another country. Indonesia–Singapore border The Indonesia–Singapore border is a maritime boundary in the Straits of Singapore between Indonesia's Riau Islands which lie to the south of the border, and the islands of Singapore which lie to the north. The Straits of Singapore is one of the region's busiest waterways as it is the main channel for Singapore's ports. Only a portion of the maritime border between the two countries has been determined. The remaining parts, especially those lying to the east of the delimited boundary, may require the involvement of Malaysia as the country also possesses territorial

title: 2010 Eritrean–Ethiopian border skirmish

text: 2010 Eritrean–Ethiopian border skirmish The 2010 Eritrean–Ethiopian border skirmish was an armed skirmish between soldiers of the Eritrean and the Ethiopian armies fought at the border town of Zalambesa after Eritea claimed that Ethiopian forces crossed the border. The Ethiopian Government claimed Eritrea was trying to cover up an internal crisis by implicating Ethiopia. Relations between Eritrea and Ethiopia have been brittle and tensions between the two countries have remained high after both countries fought each other in the Eritrean–Ethiopian War which lasted from 1998 to 2000, and since the end of the war there have been a number of

title: Croatia–Slovenia border disputes

text: since this division has never been based on what he considers proper legal acts and especially not on the will of Istria's native population. Therefore, Bučar proposed that the border in Istria should be determined by referendums carried out in any territory both countries wish to claim. This proposal is, according to Bučar, based upon the legal principle of self-determination, the same principle on which both countries' 1991 Declarations of Independence were based. Such a border determination process was employed in the Carinthian Plebiscite to determine the Slovenian–Austrian border. Sveta Gera (), the Žumberak/Gorjanci mountain range's highest peak, was disputed

title: Mongolia–Russia border

text: any passport holders (-TcagaanNur, Kyakhta-Aganbulag, - Erentsav). Another five highway border crossing points are designated as "bilateral", meaning that they are only open to the citizens of the two bordering countries, and not to third-country nationals. Unfortunately, the border crossing point near famous Khövsgöl lake (-Khankh) is bilateral. According to an article published in 2005, the main problems at the Russian-Mongolian border, specifically in its Republic of Tuva section, were cross-border livestock theft (in both directions) and smuggling of meat. Mongolia borders four federal subjects of Russia: There are currently 8 provinces of Mongolia which border Russia: Mongolia–Russia border The

title: Landlocked developing countries

text: it recognizes the constraints on landlocked countries to be mainly physical, including lack of direct access to the sea, isolation from world markets and high transit costs due to physical distance. It also attributes geographic remoteness as one of the most significant reasons why developing landlocked nations cannot alleviate themselves, while European landlocked cases are mostly developed because of short distances to the sea through well-developed countries. One other commonly cited factor is the administrative burdens associated with border crossings as there is a heavy load of bureaucratic procedures, paperwork, custom charges, and most importantly, traffic delay due to border

title: Croatia–Serbia border dispute

text: the two countries. The disputed areas are located along a portion of the course, out of of the river course in the area. In that area, the border is defined differently by the neighbouring countries—either as following the course of the Danube, as claimed by Serbia, or following a line tracing the borders of cadastral municipalities having seat in either of the two countries, as claimed by Croatia. The cadastre-based boundary also traces the former riverbed of the Danube, which was changed by meandering and hydraulic engineering works in the 19th century, after the cadastre was established. The border dispute

title: United States Border Patrol interior checkpoints

text: restrictions for a local observatory, off-highway location, rumble strips, signage, and mitigation of traffic congestion. A community recommendation to "seek to mitigate noise" was to be "researched and considered". The fairly comprehensive and aforementioned GAO report entitled BORDER PATROL assigns mixed success to border checkpoints. Positive results include the apprehension of nearly 17,000 people in the country illegally at interior checkpoints in 2008. The report further states that, "More than 705,000 total Border Patrol apprehensions [occurred] along the southwest border in fiscal year 2008." The Border Patrol also "encountered 530 aliens from special interest countries, which are countries the Department

title: Border Guards Bangladesh

text: entire month of December 1979. In 1996 Bangladesh Rifles personal had grown to 69 thousand. The 2001 Indian–Bangladeshi border conflict took place in the third week of April 2001 between companies of the Bangladesh Rifles and the Indian Border Security Force on the poorly marked international border between the two countries. This was the worst border conflict Bangladesh was involved in since Independence. The 16–19 April fighting took place around the village of Padua (known as Pyrdiwah in India), which adjoins the Indian state of Meghalaya and the Timbil area of the Bangladesh border in the Sylhet district. In that

title: Afghan Border Police

text: Afghan Border Police The Afghan Border Police (ABP) secure Afghanistan's border with neighboring countries and all its international airports. It also administers immigration services such as checking documents of foreigners entering the country or deporting them. The ABP's anti-narcotic efforts are a prominent concern to the international community at present. The ABP and the regular Afghan National Police jointly patrol a 55 km-wide corridor along the entirety of Afghanistan's border, particularly the longest and porous Durand Line border in the southeast with neighboring Pakistan. The ABP falls under the command of the Afghan National Police (ANP) which is under the

title: Afghan Border Police

text: known to have jointly trained with the Tajik Border Troops, its equivalent in Tajikistan, which was overseen by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Afghan Border Police The Afghan Border Police (ABP) secure Afghanistan's border with neighboring countries and all its international airports. It also administers immigration services such as checking documents of foreigners entering the country or deporting them. The ABP's anti-narcotic efforts are a prominent concern to the international community at present. The ABP and the regular Afghan National Police jointly patrol a 55 km-wide corridor along the entirety of Afghanistan's border, particularly the longest and

title: Norway–Russia border

text: Vladimir Putin. Because Kirkenes is a better suited port than Murmansk, local authorities in Murmansk do not want to lose transshipment business to Norway. However, with the increased realism of a line to Rovaniemi, which would serve as an alternative route to Kirkenes from Russia, Russian authorities have since 2010 again supported a railway line between Kirkenes and Russia. Norway–Russia border The border between Norway and Russia (, , "Rossiysko-Norvezhskaya Granytsa") consists of a land border between Sør-Varanger, Norway, and Pechengsky District, Russia, and a marine border in the Varangerfjord. It further consists of a border between the two countries'

title: Border control

text: customs territory, or to describe the area at airports and ports where travellers are checked through customs. Common at international airports and occasionally at seaports or land crossings, duty-free shops sell products tax-free to customers who have cleared exit border controls prior to boarding an international flight and, in some airports, to passengers arriving from overseas. Most countries impose limits on how much of each type of duty-free goods, may be purchased by each passenger. The airport with the most duty-free sales is Seoul Incheon Airport (), with US$1.85 billion in 2016. Dubai International Airport (; ) is second, recording

title: Masnaa Border Crossing

text: Masnaa Border Crossing The Masnaa Border Crossing is an international border crossing between the countries of Lebanon and Syria. It is completely land-based and links the customs checkpoints of Masnaa, Lebanon, and Jdeidat Yabous, Syria. An 8 km no man's land of desolate neutral territory buffers the distance between the border stations. It is the primary crossing point between the countries, linking the capital cities of Beirut and Damascus. The border has been closed many times in its history and has been an ongoing subject of controversy, mostly due to its minor role in Middle Eastern hostilities. Most recently, on

title: Border Roads Organisation

text: Border Roads Organisation The Border Roads Organisation (BRO) develops and maintains road networks in India's border areas and friendly neighbouring countries. It is staffed by officers and troops drawn from the Indian Army's Corps of Engineers, Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, Army Service Corps, Military Police and army personnel on extra regimental employment. Officers from the Border Roads Engineering Service and personnel from the General Reserve Engineer Force (GREF) form the parent cadre of the Border Roads Organisation. Currently, the organisation maintains operations in twenty-one states, one UT (Andaman and Nicobar Islands), and neighbouring countries such as Afghanistan, Bhutan, Myanmar, and

title: Malaysia–Vietnam border

text: development Defined Area (see below) virtually set Point 20 as the common tripoint for the three countries. The western terminus of the Malaysia–Vietnam border, which should also be the common tripoint for Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam, has not been determined as the borders between the three countries are subject to dispute. The determination of the tripoint would require the disputes involving the Malaysia–Thailand and Malaysia–Vietnam borders to be settled. Thailand and Vietnam has agreed to a continental shelf boundary, with "Point C" as the eastern terminus of their common continental shelf border. This point (with coordinates 07° 48' 00" N,

title: Malaysia–Thailand border

text: other stretches. As both countries constructed their walls on their own territory, a strip of "no man's-land" about 10 m wide was created and this strip of land became a convenient refuge for smugglers (not all smuggling was deterred by the wall) and drug runners. In 2001, the two countries agreed to construct just one wall along the border which would be just inside Thai territory. The new border wall is 2.5 m high and made up of a concrete lower half and steel fencing on the upper half. At the base, barbed wire runs along the length of the

title: China–Russia border

text: the first exchange of goods between the two countries. Between 1988 and 1992 the cross-border commerce between Russia and the Heilongjiang province increased threefold, with the number of legal Chinese workers in Russia increasing from 1286 to 18905. The waning years of the Soviet Union saw a reduction of the tensions on the then heavily fortified Sino-Soviet border. In 1990–91, the two countries agreed to significantly reduce their military forces stationed along the border. To this day one can find numerous abandoned military facilities in Russia's border districts. Even though the Sino-Soviet border trade resumed as early as 1983–85, it

title: Cross-border region

text: cooperation arrangement. In general, in countries with a strong role for inter-municipal associations, cross-border co-operation is often pursued by local actors. By contrast, in countries with a two-tier regional administration and a minor role for inter-local action (such as Italy or France), cross-border regions are a domain pursued by regional authorities. Cross-border region A cross-border region is a territorial entity that is made of several local or regional authorities that are co-located yet belong to different nation states. In Europe, there are a large number of cross-border regions. Some of them are often referred to as 'Euroregions' although this is