query: how many languages are there in the philippines?

title: How Many Miles to Babylon?

text: How Many Miles to Babylon? "How Many Miles to Babylon" is an English language nursery rhyme. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 8148. The accepted modern lyrics are: <poem>How many miles to Babylon? Three score miles and ten. Can I get there by candle-light? Yes, and back again.. If your heels are nimble and your toes are light, You may get there by candle-light.</poem> A longer Scottish version has the lyrics: <poem>King and Queen of Cantelon, How many miles to Babylon? Eight and eight, and other eight. Will I get there by candle-light? If your horse be

title: Bible translations into the languages of the Philippines

text: Tagalog. Most Protestant denominations use the New International Version of the Bible, as English is the official language of the Philippines. However, Mainline Protestant denominations in the Philippines tend to prefer the "Magandang Balita Biblia" (Good News Bible). The Iglesia ni Cristo also uses the same translation. Jehovah's Witnesses use their own translation of the Bible, the "New World Translation", published in Tagalog, as well as Cebuano and Hiligaynon. Other languages of the Philippines: Bible translations into the languages of the Philippines The Filipino language, based on the Tagalog language (the major dialect), is the national language of the Philippines.

text: Bible translations into the languages of the Philippines The Filipino language, based on the Tagalog language (the major dialect), is the national language of the Philippines. The Christian Bible has been translated into numerous Philippine languages. Portions of the Bible were first translated by Spanish friars into the Philippine languages in the catechisms and prayer materials they produced. The Doctrina Cristiana (1593) was the first book published in Tagalog Baybayin Script. Protestants published "Ang Biblia" in 1905 in Tagalog, based on the Spanish version of the Protestant canon. Jose C. Abriol, Filipino Catholic priest, translated from Hebrew and Greek into

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: The 1987 Constitution mandates that Arabic (along with Spanish) is to be promoted on an optional and voluntary basis. Arabic is taught for free and is promoted in some Islamic centres predominantly in the southernmost parts of Philippines. It is used primarily in religious activities and education (such as in a "madrasa" or Islamic school) and rarely for official events or daily conversation. In this respect, its function and use is somewhat like the traditional roles of Latin and Spanish in Filipino Catholicism "vis-à-vis" other currently spoken languages. The first significant exposure of Filipinos to the English language occurred in

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: the Philippines has 32 endangered languages, but 2 of the listed languages in the study are written with 0 speakers, noting that they are extinct or probably extinct. All of the listed languages are Negrito languages, the oldest languages in the Philippines. There have been numerous proposals to conserve the many languages of the Philippines. According to the Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino, there are 135 ethno-linguistic groups in the country, each having their own distinct Philippine language. Among the proposals include (1) ""establishing a dictionary & sentence construction manual"" for each of the 135 living languages in the country, (2)

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: Palawan. Eskayan is an artificial auxiliary language created as the embodiment of a Bohol nation in the aftermath of the Philippine–American War. It is used by about 500 people. Philippine languages are often referred to by Filipinos as dialects, partly as a relic of the inaccurate vocabulary used in literature during the American period (1898–1946). While there are indeed many hundreds of dialects in the Philippines, they represent variations of no fewer than 120 distinct languages, and many of these languages maintain greater differences than those between established European languages like French and Spanish. The vast differences between the languages

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: Languages of the Philippines There are some 120 to 187 languages and dialects in the Philippines, depending on the method of classification. Almost all are Malayo-Polynesian languages. A number of Spanish-influenced creole varieties generally called Chavacano are also spoken in certain communities. The 1987 constitution designates Filipino as the national language and an official language along with English. While Filipino is used for communication across the country's diverse linguistic groups and is used in popular culture, the government operates mostly using English. Including second-language speakers, there are more speakers of Filipino than English in the Philippines. The other regional languages

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: languages in the Philippines, collectively called Chavacano. These may be split into two major geographical groups: Languages of the Philippines There are some 120 to 187 languages and dialects in the Philippines, depending on the method of classification. Almost all are Malayo-Polynesian languages. A number of Spanish-influenced creole varieties generally called Chavacano are also spoken in certain communities. The 1987 constitution designates Filipino as the national language and an official language along with English. While Filipino is used for communication across the country's diverse linguistic groups and is used in popular culture, the government operates mostly using English. Including second-language

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: of becoming extinct because of speakers favoring the more prevalent regional language. Moreover, most of the users of these languages are illiterate and as expected, there is a chance that these languages will no longer be revived due to lack of written records. Aside from the two official nationwide languages used in the Philippines, namely, Filipino and English, other languages have been proposed as additional nationwide languages. Among the most prominent proposals are Japanese, and Spanish. According to Ethnologue, a total of 182 native languages are spoken in the nation and four languages have been classified as extinct: Dicamay Agta,

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: Bicol where they are spoken. The final translation is in Tagalog. Below is a chart of Philippine languages. While there have been misunderstandings on which ones should be classified as "language" and which ones should be classified as "dialect", the chart confirms that most have similarities, yet are not mutually comprehensible. These languages are arranged according to the regions they are natively spoken (from north to south, then east to west). There is a language spoken by the Tao people (also known as Yami) of Orchid Island of Taiwan which is not included in the language of the Philippines. Their

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: language, Tao (or Yami) is part of the Batanic languages which includes Ivatan, Babuyan, and Itbayat of the "Batanes". Below are population estimates from the 2000 Philippine census by the Philippine Statistics Authority on the number of Filipinos who speak the following 18 languages as a native language. Endangered and extinct languages in the Philippines are based on the 3rd world volume released by UNESCO in 2010. Degree of endangerment (UNESCO standard) In a separate study by Thomas N. Headland, the Summer Institute of Linguistics in Dallas, and the University of North Dakota called "Thirty Endangered Languages in the Philippines",

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: the University of the Philippines. Also, the Indonesian School in Davao City teaches the language to preserve the culture of Indonesian immigrants there. The Indonesian Embassy in Manila also offers occasional classes for Filipinos and foreigners. Since 2013, the Indonesian Embassy in the Philippines has given basic Indonesian language training to members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. In an interview, Department of Education Secretary Armin Luistro said that the country's government should promote Indonesian and Malaysian, which are both related to Filipino and other Philippine languages. Thus, the possibility of offering it as an optional subject in public

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: inscribed using the writing system. Additionally, the Arabic script is used in the Muslim areas in the southern Philippines. The 1987 Constitution declares Filipino as the national language of the country. Filipino and English are the official languages, with the recognition of the regional languages as auxiliary official in their respective regions (though not specifying any particular languages). Spanish and Arabic are to be promoted on an optional and voluntary basis. Spanish was the official language of the country for more than three centuries under Spanish colonial rule, and became the lingua franca of the Philippines in the 19th and

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: schools is being studied. Since pre-Spanish times, there have been small Indian communities in the Philippines. Indians tend to be able to speak Tagalog and the other native languages, and are often fluent in English. Among themselves, Sindhi and Punjabi are used. Urdu is spoken among the Pakistani community. Only few South Asians, such as Pakistani, as well as the recent newcomers like speakers of Tamil, Nepali and Marathi retain their own respective languages. Spanish was introduced in the islands after 1565, when the Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi set sail from Mexico and founded the first Spanish settlement

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: and the liturgical language of Islam is Arabic, but the vast majority of Muslims in the Philippines have little practical knowledge of Arabic beyond limited religious terminology. Ancient Malaysian and Indonesian cultures and civilizations in ancient Malaya, Sumatra and Java influenced the history, lifestyles, and culture of the Filipino peoples. The Malay language, along with Philippine languages belonging to the Malayo-Polynesian language family, has also had an immense influence on many languages spoken in the Philippines. This is because Old Malay used to be the lingua franca throughout the archipelago, a good example of this is Magellan's translator Enrique using

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: all the way back from the Guangdong and Guangxi provinces in Southern China. As with Spanish, many native languages have co-opted numerous loanwords from Chinese, in particular words that refer to cuisine, household objects, and Philippine kinship terminology. The Japanese first came to the Philippines around the 11th century CE, the first country they emigrated to, as well as in waves from the 15th century, 17th century, late 19th century, 1900s, 1930s, and the 1940s. There is a small Japanese community and a school for Japanese in Metro Manila due to the number of Japanese companies. Also there is a

title: Japanese in the Philippines

text: earlier established ones, born either in the Philippines or Japan. These latter are the resultant of unions between Filipinos and recent Japanese immigrants to the Philippines or Japanese and immigrant Filipino workers in Japan. Most Japanese mestizos speak Tagalog and/or other Philippine languages. They may also be known as "Japinos", although this term is considered derogatory by many. There are believed to be between 100,000 and 200,000 Japanese-mestizos in the country, but no accurate figure is currently available. Thousands of war-displaced ethnic Japanese still live in the country and are denied recognition as Japanese nationals in order to return to

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: sometimes switch to foreign languages when addressing outsiders. Another is the prevalence of code-switching to English when speaking in both their first language and Tagalog. The Constitution of the Philippines provides for the use of the vernacular languages as official auxiliary languages in provinces where Filipino is not the lingua franca. Filipinos at large are polyglots; In the case where the vernacular language is a regional language, Filipinos would speak in Filipino when speaking in formal situations while the regional languages are spoken in non-formal settings. This is evident in major urban areas outside Metro Manila like Camarines Norte in

title: Ethnic groups in the Philippines

text: Ethnic groups in the Philippines The Philippines is inhabited by more than 175 ethnolinguistic nations, the majority of whose languages are Austronesian in origin, then Han Chinese, then European (mostly Spanish) and also some Mexicans and Peruvians as well as a small number of Americans. Many of these nations converted to Christianity, particularly the lowland-coastal nations, and adopted many foreign elements of culture. Ethnolinguistic nations include the Ivatan, Pangasinan, Kapampangan, Tagalog, Bicolano, Visayans (Masbateño, Hiligaynon, Cebuano, Waray, Butuanon, Romblomanon, Kamayo, Cuyonon, and Surigaonon), Zamboangueño, Subanon, and more. In western Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago, there are ethnolinguistic nations who practice

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: some domains, like comic books) and less important for academic-scientific-technological discourse. Filipino is used as a lingua franca in all regions of the Philippines as well as within overseas Filipino communities, and is the dominant language of the armed forces (except perhaps for the small part of the commissioned officer corps from wealthy or upper-middle-class families) and of a large part of the civil service, most of whom are non-Tagalogs. There are different forms of diglossia that exist in the case of regional languages. Locals may use their mother tongue or the regional lingua franca to communicate amongst themselves, but

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: are given official auxiliary status in their respective places according to the constitution but does not specify any language in particular. Some of these regional languages are also used in education. The indigenous scripts of the Philippines (such as the Kulitan, Tagbanwa and others) are used very little; instead, Filipino languages are today written in the Latin script because of the Spanish and American colonial experience. Baybayin, though generally not understood, is one of the most well-known of the indigenous Filipino scripts and is used mainly in artistic applications such as on the Philippine banknotes, where the word "Pilipino" is

title: Malay language in the Philippines

text: of the Philippines, being Austronesian languages. Many words in the Tagalog and various Visayan languages are derived from Old Malay. Although the history of Malay influence in Philippine history is a subject of conversation, no attempts have been made to ever promote Malay or even Spanish. The number of Malay-speakers in the Philippines are unknown, as a result of the 300-year Spanish rule most of them are very confined to the southern parts of Mindanao (specifically in the Zamboanga Peninsula) and the Sulu Archipelago in a region known as Bangsamoro. This region, derives from the Malay word "bangsa" and the

title: Spanish language in the Philippines

text: languages. Also, under this Constitution, Spanish, together with Arabic, was designated an optional and voluntary language. There are thousands of Spanish loanwords in 170 native Philippine languages, and Spanish orthography has influenced the spelling system used for writing most of these languages. According to the 1990 Philippine census, there were 2,660 native Spanish speakers in the Philippines. In 2013 there were also 3,325 Spanish residents. However, there are 439,000 Spanish speakers with native knowledge, which accounts for just 0.5% of the population (92,337,852 at the 2010 census). In 1998, there were 1.8 million Spanish speakers including those who spoke Spanish

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: as spoken in the capital, Manila; however, organizations such as the University of the Philippines began publishing dictionaries such as the "UP Diksyonaryong Filipino" in which words from various Philippine languages were also included. The present constitution is also the first to give recognition to other regional languages. The constitution also made mention of Spanish and Arabic, both of which are to be promoted on a voluntary and optional basis. Filipino is an official language of education and also the major language of the broadcast media and cinema, but less important than English as a language of publication (except in

title: Ethnic groups in the Philippines

text: culture and language. In the late 19th century. The Philippines has over 180 indigenous ethnic groups, over half of which represent unique linguistic groups. There are more than 100 highland, lowland, and coastland tribal groups in the Philippines. These include: The Philippines consists of a wide number of settlers that form part of the national population. They immigrated or descended from various countries, most notably Japan, Spain, China, India, and the United States. Ethnic groups in the Philippines The Philippines is inhabited by more than 175 ethnolinguistic nations, the majority of whose languages are Austronesian in origin, then Han Chinese,

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: ""video documentation"" of all Philippine languages, (3) ""revival of the ancient scripts of the Philippines"" where each ethnic group's own script shall be revived and used in schools along with the currently-used Roman script in communities where those script/s used to be known, (4) ""teaching of ethnic mother languages first"" in homes and schools before the teaching of Filipino and foreign languages (English or Arabic), and (5) ""using the ethnic mother language and script first in public signs"" followed by Filipino and foreign languages (English and/or Arabic) and scripts, for example, using Sebwano first followed by Filipino and English underneath

title: Malay language in the Philippines

text: Spanish "moro", the Muslim peoples of the Philippines refer to themselves Moro which comes from a Spanish word meaning "moor". These people more-less do not consider themselves "Filipino". The treatment of the Muslim peoples of Mindanao by the Christian-dominated government in the Philippines during the 1970s also worsened any hopes of Malay ever being revived into nationwide use again. Today Filipino and English are the official languages of the Philippines. There are also misconceptions in the Philippines between Ethnic Malays and Malay race. While it is true that certain Filipino ethnic groups (namely the Visayans and Maguindanao) contain Malay ancestors;

title: Names of the Philippines

text: to reflect its origin and history, and to be inclusive to all the languages in the country that already have the new 8 letters of the modern Filipino alphabet (officially used since 1987) which includes the letter "F". Unlike Ireland which uses the name "Éire/Ireland" to identify itself at international meetings, the English name usually appears to identify the Philippines (e.g., when there are meetings in the United Nations or the Association of Southeast Asian Nations) in this setting. This is also the tradition even if the meeting is held within the Philippines. In many Philippine languages such as Tagalog,

title: Indonesians in the Philippines

text: City, although there is also a sizable Indonesian population in Metro Manila. As the two countries are neighbors, there have been many historical migrations between the islands that today make up their national territories, and migrants from what is today Indonesia helped form many historical dynasties in the Philippines. Migrations between the territories that today make up Indonesia and the Philippines were extremely common during the ancient-era. The people of Indonesia are descendants of a common migration from the Philippines and Taiwan. Certain tribes, mostly from Sumatra and Borneo back-migrated to the Philippines, particularly to the central and southern parts.

title: Mexican settlement in the Philippines

text: Mexican Aztecs, have influenced some local languages of the Philippines. After the spread of Catholicism in the islands, Mexican immigrants also brought the sacred image of the Virgin of Guadalupe, installing it in a temple of Intramuros in Manila, also declaring her patroness of the Philippines. Currently, the entrance of the Philippines in the APEC has strengthened ties with Spanish-speaking countries, including as Mexico, where the islands share a common history and other Spanish-speaking countries such as Peru and Chile. In the Philippines today, there are an unknown number of Mexicans currently residing. The Mexican community has been established in

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: 1762 when the British invaded Manila, but this was a brief episode that had no lasting influence. English later became more important and widespread during American rule between 1898 and 1946, and remains an official language of the Philippines. English is used in official documents of business, government, the legal system, medicine, the sciences and as a medium of instruction. Filipinos prefer textbooks for subjects like calculus, physics, chemistry, biology, etc., written in English rather than Filipino. However, the topics are usually taught, even in colleges, in Tagalog or the local language. By way of contrast, native languages are often

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: This may be bound to change, however, given current policy trends. There still exists another type of diglossia, which is between the regional languages and the minority languages. Here, we label the regional languages as acrolects while the minority languages as the basilect. In this case, the minority language is spoken only in very intimate circles, like the family or the tribe one belongs to. Outside this circle, one would speak in the prevalent regional language, while maintaining an adequate command of Filipino for formal situations. Unlike the case of the regional languages, these minority languages are always in danger

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: Malay to converse with the native "Sugbuanon" (Cebuano) during this time period. An example of Old Malay and Javanese languages spoken in Philippine history can be seen in the language of the 10th century Laguna Copperplate Inscription. When the Spanish had first arrived in the Philippines in the 16th century, Old Malay was spoken among the aristocracy. It is believed that Ferdinand Magellan’s Moluccan slave Enrique could converse with the local leaders in Cebu Island, confirming to Magellan his arrival in Southeast Asia. Today, Indonesian is taught as a foreign language in the Department of Linguistics and Asian Languages in

title: Gurage languages

text: languages are written with the Ge'ez script. The Gurage subset of this script has 44 independent glyphs. There is no general agreement on how many languages or dialects there are, in particular within the West Gurage grouping. As the Gurage people are surrounded by speakers of Cushitic languages, these languages have influenced the Gurage languages perhaps even more than they have other Ethiopian Semitic languages. For example, the East Gurage languages have a ten-vowel system characteristic of the neighboring Cushitic languages rather than the seven-vowel system common to most other Ethiopian Semitic languages, including the West Gurage languages. In the

title: Languages in censuses

text: has not been included in any census since then. During the 19th Century, the Norwegian government collected ethnicity and language information. "Ethnologue" lists 175 individual languages in the Philippines, 171 of which are living languages, while 4 no longer have any known speakers. Most native languages are part of the Philippine branch of the Malayo-Polynesian languages, which is itself a branch of the Austronesian language family. The only non-Austronesian language indigenous to the Philippines is Chavacano, a Spanish-based creole. According to the 1987 Philippine Constitution, Filipino and English are the official languages. Filipino is a standardized version of Tagalog, spoken

title: Indonesians in the Philippines

text: one well-known draw for students from all over Asia, but other subject areas are gaining in popularity as well. In particular, flight training courses are much cheaper in the Philippines than in Indonesia. The Asian Institute of Management also attracts many Indonesian students. There is also an Indonesian school (with dormitory for boarding students) and Indonesian Cultural Center called "House of Indonesia" in Davao City. There are also many Indonesians in Metro Manila, mostly Chinese-Indonesian, who are either university students or medical residents (mostly Dermatology and Pediatrics). Indonesians in the Philippines residing in Mindanao are split between Muslims and Protestants,

title: Human trafficking in the Philippines

text: Oswego State University, "We as a culture believe that women who are sexual deserve what they get, are asking to be raped.". Abortion is illegal in the Philippines. Unsafe abortions render women vulnerable not only to infections and other health complications, but even to death. Because these abortions are carried out in illegal abortion clinics there is no record of how many women and children, if any, die each year as a result. According to ECPAT chair Ron O'Grady, the chances of full rehabilitation are slim for children who have been sexually abused repeatedly. He adds: "We know that those

title: Spanish language in the Philippines

text: but with a different meaning. A sample is shown below: The following words do not fall under false friends. They are still a source of confusion: Although the greatest linguistic impact and loanwords have been from Spanish to the languages of the Philippines, the Philippine languages have also loaned some words to Spanish. The following are some of the words of Philippine origin that can be found in the "Diccionario de la lengua española de la Real Academia Española", the dictionary published by the Real Academia Española: Spanish language in the Philippines Spanish was the official language of the Philippines

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: can be seen in the following translations of what has been asserted to be the Philippine national proverb: The amount of dialectal variation varies from language to language. Languages like Tagalog, Kapampangan and Pangasinan are known to have very moderate dialectal variation. For the languages of the Bicol Region, however, there is great dialectal variation. There are cities and towns which have their own dialects and varieties. Below is the sentence "Were you there at the market for a long time?" translated into certain varieties of Bikol. The translation is followed by dialect and corresponding language, and a city/town in

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: the Bikol-speaking area, and Davao in the Cebuano-speaking area. , the case of Ilocano and Cebuano are becoming more of bilingualism than diglossia due to the publication of materials written in these languages. The diglossia is more evident in the case of other languages such as Pangasinan, Kapampangan, Bikol, Waray, Hiligaynon, Sambal, and Maranao, where the written variant of the language is becoming less and less popular to give way to the use of Filipino. Although Philippine laws consider some of these languages as "major languages" there is little, if any, support coming from the government to preserve these languages.

title: Brazilians in the Philippines

text: Rockwell Center in Makati City. Brazilians in the Philippines Brazilians in the Philippines form the country's 10th-largest group of foreign residents, according to the 2000 Philippines census. Since 2004, there has been a wave of Brazilian models coming to the Philippines for work. Many of these models are of Japanese heritage. They look somewhat like Filipinos but with more "chiseled features", which has been an advantage to them in finding jobs in the Philippines. Brazilians are attracted to the modelling industry in the Philippines because, unlike other countries in the region such as Thailand and China, English is widely spoken.

title: Brazilians in the Philippines

text: Brazilians in the Philippines Brazilians in the Philippines form the country's 10th-largest group of foreign residents, according to the 2000 Philippines census. Since 2004, there has been a wave of Brazilian models coming to the Philippines for work. Many of these models are of Japanese heritage. They look somewhat like Filipinos but with more "chiseled features", which has been an advantage to them in finding jobs in the Philippines. Brazilians are attracted to the modelling industry in the Philippines because, unlike other countries in the region such as Thailand and China, English is widely spoken. Photographers feel that Brazilian models

title: Spanish language in the Philippines

text: newspaper, "E-Dyario", the first Spanish digital newspaper published in the Philippines, and "Filipinas, Ahora Mismo" was a nationally syndicated, 60-minute, cultural radio magazine program in the Philippines broadcast daily in Spanish for two years in the 2000s. Since the emergence of social media, Spanish speaking Filipinos have tended to use these more modern forms to continue publishing in Spanish language. There are approximately 4,000 Spanish words in Tagalog (between 20% and 33% of Tagalog words), and around 6,000 Spanish words in Visayan and other Philippine languages. The Spanish counting system, calendar, time, etc. are still in use with slight modifications.

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: Katabaga, Tayabas Ayta and Villaviciosa Agta. Except for English, Spanish, Chavacano and varieties of Chinese (Hokkien, Cantonese and Mandarin), all of the languages belong to the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family. There are 12 indigenous languages with at least one million native speakers: One or more of these is spoken natively by more than 90% of the population. A Philippine language sub-family identified by Robert Blust includes languages of north Sulawesi and the Yami language of Taiwan, but excludes the Sama–Bajaw languages of the Tawi-Tawi islands, as well as a couple of North Bornean languages spoken in southern

title: Demographics of the Philippines

text: Tausug. One or more of these are spoken as a mother tongue by more than 93% of the population. Filipino and English are the official languages but there are between 120 and 170 distinct indigenous Philippine languages (depending on expert classifications). The first census in the Philippines was founded in 1591, based on tributes collected. The tributes count the total founding population of Spanish-Philippines as 667,612 people, of which: 20,000 were Chinese migrant traders, 16,500 were Latino soldier-colonists sent from Peru and Mexico, 3,000 were Japanese residents, and 600 were pure Spaniards from Europe, there was also a large but

title: Batanic languages

text: related to Itbayat. Among the Batanic languages, Iraralay is the most conservative (Li 2000). The Batanic languages are frequently included with the Philippine languages. However, there is no full consensus on this, and some consider them a primary branch of the Malayo-Polynesian languages. Batanic languages The Batanic languages (sometimes also called Bashiic or Ivatanic) are a dialect cluster of the Austronesian language family. They are spoken on Babuyan Island, just north of Luzon; three of the Batanes Islands, between the Philippines and Taiwan; and on Orchid Island off southern Taiwan. The varieties in the Philippines are called Ivatan (also spelled

title: Philippine languages

text: Philippine languages In linguistics, the Philippine languages are a proposal by Zorc (1986) and Robert Blust (1991, 2005) that all the languages of the Philippines and northern Sulawesi—except Sama–Bajaw (languages of the "Sea Gypsies") and a few languages of Palawan—form a subfamily of Austronesian languages. Although the Philippines is near the center of Austronesian expansion from Formosa, there is little linguistic diversity among the approximately 150 Philippine languages, suggesting that earlier diversity has been erased by the spread of the ancestor of the modern Philippine languages. From approximately north to south, the Philippine languages are divided into the following subgroups:

title: Buddhism in the Philippines

text: 1998. Buddhism in the Philippines Buddhism is a minor religion in the Philippines. Loanwords with Buddhist context appear in languages of the Philippines. Archaeological finds include Buddhist artifacts. The style are of Vajrayana influence. The Buddhist population of the Philippines is 46,558 according to the 2010 Census.. No written record exists about the early Buddhism in the Philippines. The recent archaeological discoveries and the few scant references in the other nations’s historical records can tell, however, about the existence of Buddhism from the 9th century onward in the islands. These records mention the independent states that comprise the Philippines and

title: Buddhism in the Philippines

text: Buddhism in the Philippines Buddhism is a minor religion in the Philippines. Loanwords with Buddhist context appear in languages of the Philippines. Archaeological finds include Buddhist artifacts. The style are of Vajrayana influence. The Buddhist population of the Philippines is 46,558 according to the 2010 Census.. No written record exists about the early Buddhism in the Philippines. The recent archaeological discoveries and the few scant references in the other nations’s historical records can tell, however, about the existence of Buddhism from the 9th century onward in the islands. These records mention the independent states that comprise the Philippines and which

title: Demographics of the Philippines

text: Malay Archipelago. Ethnic groups that have been in the Philippines for centuries before European and American colonial rule have assimilated. These include ethnic groups such as Arabs, Japanese, Han Chinese and Indians which form parts of the population. There are also Europeans and Latin Americans who have migrated to the Philippines during the colonial period. The most commonly spoken indigenous languages are Cebuano and Tagalog, each with more than 20 million native speakers. Another 11 indigenous languages have at least one million native speakers: Ilokano, Hiligaynon, Waray, northern, central and southern Bikol languages, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Maranao, Maguindanao, Kinaray-a, Zamboangueño and

title: Children in jail in the Philippines

text: that children as young as eight are being held in adult prisons in the Philippines in contravention of international statutes and the country’s own laws. In September 2005, it was estimated that over 4,000 children were in jails and detention centers all over the country — many of them mixed with adults. Another estimate states there are an estimated 20,000 children in prison in the Philippines throughout a single year. By May 6, 2005, it was estimated there were 2,100 children in jails across the Philippines, 20 of them on death row. Getting information on children in jail is difficult.

title: Batanic languages

text: Batanic languages The Batanic languages (sometimes also called Bashiic or Ivatanic) are a dialect cluster of the Austronesian language family. They are spoken on Babuyan Island, just north of Luzon; three of the Batanes Islands, between the Philippines and Taiwan; and on Orchid Island off southern Taiwan. The varieties in the Philippines are called Ivatan (also spelled Ibatan), or are named Babuyan, Batan, or Itbayat after their islands, while the variety of Taiwan is called Yami or Tao. There are three languages: Moriguchi (1983) classifies the Batanic languages as follows. According to Paul Jen-kuei Li (2000), Yami is most closely

title: Indigenous peoples of the Philippines

text: northern Philippines are collectively called as "Igorot", while the non-Muslim indigenous groups of mainland Mindanao are collectively called as "Lumad". Numerous indigenous groups also live outside these two indigenous corridors. According to the Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino, there are 135 recognized local languages in the Philippines, one of which (Filipino) is known to all groups in the Philippines, and each of the remaining 134 is inherent to a single ethnic group. There are 134 ethnic groups in the Philippines, the majority of which are indigenous, though much of the overall Philippine population is constituted by only 8-10 lowland ethnic groups.

title: Prehistory of the Philippines

text: (except for Sama–Bajaw languages, which probably have more speakers outside the Philippines than within) were produced within the archipelago, none of them being introduced by separate migration, and all of them having more in common with each other than with languages outside of the Philippines. During this neolithic period, a "jade culture" is said to have existed as evidenced by tens of thousands of exquisitely crafted jade artifacts found at a site in Batangas province. Although there is some evidence early Austronesian migrants having bronze or brass tools, the earliest metal tools in the Philippines are generally said to have

title: Hinduism in the Philippines

text: Muslims. As was the case in Latin America and Africa, forced conversions were not uncommon and any refusal to submit to Church authority was seen as both rebellion against the Pope and sedition against the Spanish Crown, which was punishable by death. Linguistic influence left lasting marks on every Philippine language. Below are some borrowed terms, which were often Buddhist and Hindu concepts, with the original Sanskrit; some of the words in many Philippine languages are loaned from Sanskrit and Tamil. Hinduism in the Philippines Recent archaeological and other evidence suggests Hinduism has had some cultural, economic, political and religious

title: Football in the Philippines

text: Men's Club Championship to provide more local competitions. The Philippines national football team is the representative of men's international football for the Philippines. They won the Far Eastern Games once (in 1913) and became a two-time Philippine Peace Cup champion (in 2012 and 2013). The Philippines women's national football team, representing women's international football in the Philippines, achieved a third-place (bronze) finish at the 1985 Southeast Asian Games. There are many stadiums that can be found in the Philippines like the Rizal Memorial Stadium in Manila which is the national stadium of the country. It is also the home stadium

title: Typhoons in the Philippines

text: storms impacting the Philippines in deadly seasons, see: Typhoons in the Philippines Approximately twenty tropical cyclones enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility yearly, an area which incorporates parts of the Pacific Ocean, South China Sea and the Philippine Archipelago (with the exception of Tawi-Tawi province). Among these cyclones, ten will be typhoons, with five having the potential to be destructive ones. The Philippines is "the most exposed country in the world to tropical storms" according to a Time Magazine article in 2013. In the Philippine languages, typhoons are called "bagyo". Typhoons can hit the Philippines any time of year, with

title: Iranians in the Philippines

text: Iranians in the Philippines There is a community of Iranians in the Philippines, including many international students drawn by the country's low-cost English education. According to the figures of the 2000 Philippines census, they were the 11th-largest group of foreigners. Drawn by low tuition fees and the use of English as the medium of instruction, Iranian students began studying in the Philippines as early as the 1960s. By the late 1970s there were between 2,500 and 3,500 Iranian students in the Philippines, largely in Manila. Though they were given scholarships by the government of the Shah, many of them were

title: Philippine languages

text: between several selected Philippine languages spoken from north to south with Proto-Austronesian first for comparison. Philippine languages In linguistics, the Philippine languages are a proposal by Zorc (1986) and Robert Blust (1991, 2005) that all the languages of the Philippines and northern Sulawesi—except Sama–Bajaw (languages of the "Sea Gypsies") and a few languages of Palawan—form a subfamily of Austronesian languages. Although the Philippines is near the center of Austronesian expansion from Formosa, there is little linguistic diversity among the approximately 150 Philippine languages, suggesting that earlier diversity has been erased by the spread of the ancestor of the modern Philippine

title: I Belong to You/How Many Ways

text: Awards. "How Many Ways" was co-written by Braxton herself and sampled the song "God Make Me Funky" by The Headhunters featuring Pointer Sisters. The protagonist of the composition, co-written by Braxton herself, declares there are many ways in which she loves her man. The music video for "How Many Ways" features Braxton and Shemar Moore riding in a car, frolicking in a playground, and on a veranda. A remix produced by R. Kelly also was released to radio and music television stations. "I Belong to You/How Many Ways" peaked at number 28 on January 21, 1995. I Belong to You/How

title: Gambling in the Philippines

text: sake. Gambling in casinos are usually played via cards and casino chips, slot machines, and more. Some of the games that are often played in casinos include poker, blackjack, roulette, and slot machines. Lotteries in the Philippines are held by the Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office. How it works is that there are 6 numbers randomly drawn within a certain range of numbers, depending on the type of lottery. There are several types of lottery made by the PCSO, such as the "Lotto 6/42", "Megalotto 6/45", "Superlotto 6/49", etc. The person whose chosen lottery numbers in the card matches that of

title: Religion in the Philippines

text: caves depicting the Journey to the West. Many Filipino customs have strong Buddhist influences. Estimates of the Buddhist population of the Philippines is around 2%. There are temples in Manila, Davao, and Cebu, and other places. Several schools of Buddhism are present in the Philippines – Mahayana, Vajrayana, Theravada, as well as groups such as Soka Gakkai International. Christianity arrived in the Philippines with the landing of Ferdinand Magellan in 1521. In the late 16th century, the archipelago was claimed for Spain and named it after its king. Missionary activity during the country's colonial rule by Spain and the United

title: How Many Licks?

text: VH1 wrote that the single and other tracks from "The Notorious K.I.M." have a "glossier and far more commercial" sound than the rapper's previous releases. The lyrics of "How Many Licks?" are part of a movement in 1990s hip hop music to express sexuality positively. Sexuality studies professor Thomas A. Foster wrote that Lil' Kim reverses a trend in hip hop music which objectifies women for the male gaze and celebrates male sexuality. Gender studies scholar Aine McGlynn described "How Many Licks?" as one of the most sexually-explicit songs to receive airplay. The lyrics describe a woman's interest in oral

title: How Many Licks?

text: cover version of "How Many Licks?", which Josh Middleton of the "Philadelphia" praised as "outstanding". Credits adapted from the liner notes of "The Notorious K.I.M.". How Many Licks? "How Many Licks?" is a song by American rapper Lil' Kim featuring vocals by American musician Sisqó from her second studio album, "The Notorious K.I.M." (2000). It was released as the record's second single in 2000. Mario Winans and Sean Combs produced "How Many Licks?", and wrote it with Lil' Kim and Sisqó. The hip hop song samples the "Knight Rider" theme song, with lyrics expressing a woman's desire for oral sex

title: Typhoons in the Philippines

text: Typhoons in the Philippines Approximately twenty tropical cyclones enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility yearly, an area which incorporates parts of the Pacific Ocean, South China Sea and the Philippine Archipelago (with the exception of Tawi-Tawi province). Among these cyclones, ten will be typhoons, with five having the potential to be destructive ones. The Philippines is "the most exposed country in the world to tropical storms" according to a Time Magazine article in 2013. In the Philippine languages, typhoons are called "bagyo". Typhoons can hit the Philippines any time of year, with the months of June to September being most

title: How Many Licks?

text: "a celebration of autonomous female sexuality" to a "vulgar, demeaning moment of black female objectification". Some critics compared "How Many Licks?" to Trinidadian-American rapper Nicki Minaj's 2014 single, "Anaconda". Alex Kristelis of "Bustle" noted that both songs focused on men's appreciation of the singer's body. A "Khaleej Times" writer called "Anaconda" a "blatant copy" of "How Many Licks?", with Minaj's song sharing "the lyrical blue print and theme" of Lil' Kim's. "Westword"'s Cory Lamz wrote that Minaj parodied "How Many Licks?" and its associated visuals in the music video for her 2011 single "Stupid Hoe". According to Michael Arceneaux, "How

title: Ethnic groups in the Philippines

text: that make up Indonesia and the Philippines today. According to a 2008 study by Mark Donohue of the Australian National University and Tim Denham of Monash University, there is no linguistic evidence for an orderly north-to-south dispersal of the malay languages from Taiwan through the Philippines and into Island Southeast Asia (ISEA). The Philippine Statistics Department does not account for the racial background or ancestry of an individual. The official population of all types of mestizos (Asian, American, etc.) that reside inside and outside of the Philippines remains unknown. Although a study provided by Stanford University found that European introgression

title: Tasmanian languages

text: differences, there are still clearly several distinct words, though it is difficult to say how many or what their forms were. Tasmanian languages The Tasmanian or Palawa languages were the languages indigenous to the island of Tasmania, used by Aboriginal Tasmanians. The languages were last used for daily communication in the 1830s, although the terminal speaker, Fanny Cochrane Smith, survived until 1905. Tasmanian languages are attested by three dozen word lists, the most extensive being those of Joseph Milligan and George Augustus Robinson. All these show a poor grasp of the sounds of Tasmanian, which appear to have been fairly

title: Mexican settlement in the Philippines

text: Mexican settlement in the Philippines Mexican settlement in the Philippines comprises a multilingual Filipino ethnic group composed of Philippine citizens with Mexican ancestry.</small> The immigration of Mexicans to the Philippines dates back to the Spanish period. In the Philippines there are a Couple of Million Mexicans currently residing. The Mexican community has been established in those islands many years ago. Migration from Mexico has been important since the Spanish period and when the Philippines was trading with this country during the Viceroyalty of New Spain, Mexican mestizos mixed with the inhabitants of the islands, similar to the amount of Spain

title: Mexican settlement in the Philippines

text: those islands many years ago. Migration from Mexico was important, since the Spanish period, and when trading with this country Philippines, during the Vice Royalty of New Spain, Mexican mestizos were mixed with the inhabitants of the islands, similar to Spain and the United States amount adding as many names of Spanish origin. So this actually means there are possibly a higher percentage of people with full or mixed Mexican heritage. Mexican settlement in the Philippines Mexican settlement in the Philippines comprises a multilingual Filipino ethnic group composed of Philippine citizens with Mexican ancestry.</small> The immigration of Mexicans to the

title: Gambling in the Philippines

text: Macau, with twenty found in Metro Manila alone. Even before the Spanish colonization., gambling is said to have already been present in the Philippines. Although there are no exact records when gambling was first practiced in the archipelago, it is possible that some forms were introduced by the Chinese in the late sixteenth century. Due to the proximity of the two countries, many local Chinese would go to the Philippines for business and profit, engaging in different trades and activities. On Magellan’s voyage to the Philippines, it was noted in the accounts of Antonio Pigafetta, that he had already witnessed

title: Languages in censuses

text: India in 1991 exhibited 19.4% bilingualism and 7.2% trilingualism. Indonesian is an official language but there are so many different languages native to Indonesia. According to Ethnologue, there are currently about 737 living languages, the most widely spoken being Javanese languages. A number of Chinese varieties, most prominently Min Nan, are also spoken. The public use of Chinese, especially Chinese written characters, was officially discouraged between 1966 and 1998. The majority of the population speaks the Persian language, which is also the official language of the country, as well as other Iranian languages or dialects. Turkic languages and dialects, most

title: Education in the Philippines

text: passed from generation to generation mostly through oral tradition. Some communities utilised a writing system known as baybayin, whose use was wide and varied, though there are other syllabaries used throughout the archipelago. Formal education was brought to the Philippines by the Spaniards, which was conducted mostly by religious orders. Upon learning the local languages and writing systems, they began teaching Christianity, the Spanish language, and Spanish culture. These religious orders opened the first schools and universities as early as the 16th century. Spanish missionaries established schools immediately after reaching the islands. The Augustinians opened a parochial school in Cebu

title: Human trafficking in the Philippines

text: with the most number of children forced into prostitution, and authorities have identified an increase in child molesters travelling to the Philippines. In 2007, there were estimated to be 375,000 women and girls in the sex trade in the Philippines, mostly between the ages of 15 and 20, though some are as young as 11. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies stated in 2003 that there were more than 1.5 million street children in the Philippines and many end up in prostitution and drug trafficking in places such as Manila and Angeles City. Government and NGO

title: Religion in the Philippines

text: the independent states that comprise the Philippines and which show that they were not united as one country in the early days. Archaeological finds include Buddhist artifacts. The style are of Vajrayana influence. Loanwords with Buddhist context appear in languages of the Philippines. Archaeological finds include Buddhist artifacts. The style are of Vajrayana influence. The Philippines's early states must have become the tributary states of the powerful Buddhist Srivijaya empire that controlled the trade and its sea routes from the 6th century to the 13th century in Southeast Asia. The states's trade contacts with the empire long before or in

title: How Old Are You? (film)

text: comeback film of Manju Warrier, but also because it has got a good story to tell." Metromatinee.com called the film "Light hearted yet weighty." "How Old Are You?" is being remade into several Indian languages. The film's soundtrack contains 8 songs, all composed by Gopi Sundar and Carnival Band. Lyrics by Hari Narayanan, Rafeeq Ahamed. The film collected 78,897 from UK box office. How Old Are You? (film) How Old Are You is a 2014 Malayalam movie directed by Rosshan Andrrews, written by Bobby Sanjay and produced by Listin Stephen under the banner of Magic Frames. It stars Manju Warrier,

title: LGBT rights in the Philippines

text: LGBT people ways to tell their stories outside the realm of film, television, print, and radio. There are blogs kept, opportunities to connect with others, publications with LGBT sections and a web-based magazine, "Outrage", catering to the community. Ryan Thoreson in his article "Capably Queer: Exploring the Intersections of Queerness and Poverty in the Urban Philippines" did a research on the LGBT community in the Philippines and how it copes with living in the country. He interviewed a total of 80 LGBT informants in order to gather the data. Based on his survey about employment and from what he gathered,

title: How Many Birds

text: How Many Birds "How Many Birds" is a song written by Barry Gibb, recorded by the Bee Gees in 1966 for the "Spicks and Specks" album. Recording took place at St. Clair Studios, Hurstville outside Sydney. The song was recorded on one-track tape machines and required the use of sound-on-sound for all overdubs. "How Many Birds" was recorded around April and May 1966 as part of the sessions for what became the Spicks and Specks album. The song starts with a guitar riff and the chord became E as Barry sings the introduction. After Barry sings the lines, the song

title: How Many Licks?

text: How Many Licks? "How Many Licks?" is a song by American rapper Lil' Kim featuring vocals by American musician Sisqó from her second studio album, "The Notorious K.I.M." (2000). It was released as the record's second single in 2000. Mario Winans and Sean Combs produced "How Many Licks?", and wrote it with Lil' Kim and Sisqó. The hip hop song samples the "Knight Rider" theme song, with lyrics expressing a woman's desire for oral sex and her sexual relationships with a variety of men. The chorus is a reference to the advertising slogan for Tootsie Pops. A remix by The

title: How Many Fucks

text: How Many Fucks "How Many Fucks" (censored as "How Many F**ks") is a song recorded by American singer Erika Jayne for her upcoming second studio album. Released as the album's lead single, the song was first distributed digitally on April 19, 2016, accompanied by the simultaneous release of a music video. In the video, Jayne performed "seductive" dance moves and wore "risqué" costumes. The song was written by Justin Tranter and Myah Marie, while Adam "Gage" Bruce solely produced the track. Musically, the single is a pop-rap and EDM track that discusses living carefree and without doubt. After its release,

title: How Many Fucks

text: "How Many Fucks" received positive reviews from music critics, with some complimenting its "sexy" appeal. A music video was released the same day of the single release, and featured Jayne in several "risqué" outfits. "How Many Fucks" was written by Justin Tranter and Myah Marie, while its production was handled by Adam "Gage" Bruce. As described by Jennifer Pearson of "Daily Mail" stated that the single would likely "lift her from relative obscurity" and joked that the lyrics "drop[ped] the F-bomb several times to answer that question," referring to the song's title. Musically, "How Many Fucks" is a pop rap

title: How Are You

text: realizes that he has to leave, as he's "gotta thousand little things I better do. Ah, but it was really good to talk to you. Be on my way, I'm bound to see you on the street again someday, and when I do I'll say How are you?" The reuniting theme of "How Are You" is also apparent in its follow-up single, "Lost and Found". "How Are You", like most Kinks tracks, is sung by Ray Davies. The track also, like many others on "Think Visual", makes use of synthesizers. "How Are You" was first released in November 1986 on

title: How Many Fucks

text: Housewives of Beverly Hills"'s co-star, Lisa Vanderpump. How Many Fucks "How Many Fucks" (censored as "How Many F**ks") is a song recorded by American singer Erika Jayne for her upcoming second studio album. Released as the album's lead single, the song was first distributed digitally on April 19, 2016, accompanied by the simultaneous release of a music video. In the video, Jayne performed "seductive" dance moves and wore "risqué" costumes. The song was written by Justin Tranter and Myah Marie, while Adam "Gage" Bruce solely produced the track. Musically, the single is a pop-rap and EDM track that discusses living

title: Malayan languages

text: are you going on this bicycle? May I go with you? In ISO 639-1 there is 'ms', ISO 639-2 there are two codes: 'may'/'msa'. In ISO 639-3, 'msa' is defined as a "macrolanguage". Malayan languages The Malay or Malayan languages are a group of closely related languages spoken by Malays and related peoples across Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Southern Thailand, and the far southern parts of the Philippines. They have traditionally been classified as Malay, Para-Malay, and Aboriginal Malay, but this reflects geography and ethnicity rather than a proper linguistic classification. The Malayan languages are mutually intelligible to varying extents,

title: How Many Words

text: 13, 2008. Lewis performed the song live on the March 6, 2008 results show of the seventh season of "American Idol". The single has sold 94,000 copies to date. How Many Words "How Many Words" is the official second single by the singer-songwriter Blake Lewis, from his debut album "A.D.D. (Audio Day Dream)". The song was expected to be followed by "Know My Name", and then "Without You". However, due to being dropped by Arista Records, "How Many Words" is the final single from his debut album. He is expected to release a single from his second album at the

title: How Many Words

text: How Many Words "How Many Words" is the official second single by the singer-songwriter Blake Lewis, from his debut album "A.D.D. (Audio Day Dream)". The song was expected to be followed by "Know My Name", and then "Without You". However, due to being dropped by Arista Records, "How Many Words" is the final single from his debut album. He is expected to release a single from his second album at the end of 2009. The single was released to mainstream radio format on March 10, 2008. Also, an EP featuring remixes of the song was released onto iTunes on May

title: Poverty in the Philippines

text: which then restarts the cycle. Poverty occurs for many reasons, but in the Philippines specifically, there are reoccurring factors that have slowed down the development progress. Economic growth is low compared to neighboring countries. GDP growth is comparable, however, GDP per capita in relation to the increase of population is much slower. Poverty directly impacts economic growth due to constraints in credit and the underdevelopment of the financial market and inequality in income and assets. Another cause of poverty in the Philippines is the rise of unmanaged population growth. Because the poor tend to have bigger families, they are unable

title: Languages of the Caribbean

text: Languages of the Caribbean The languages of the Caribbean reflect the region's diverse history and culture. There are six official languages spoken in the Caribbean. The six languages are: However, there are also a number of creoles and local patois. Dozens of the creole languages of the Caribbean are widely used informally among the general population. There are also a few additional smaller indigenous languages. Many of the indigenous languages have become extinct or are dying out. At odds with the ever-growing desire for a single Caribbean community, the linguistic diversity of a few Caribbean islands has made language policy

title: Languages of Asia

text: by major languages and families, there are number of minor families and isolates in South Asia & Southeast Asia. From west to east, these include: The eponymous pidgin ("business") language developed with European trade in China. Of the many creoles to have developed, the most spoken today are Chavacano, a Spanish-based creole of the Philippines, and various Malay-based creoles such as Manado Malay influenced by Portuguese. A very well-known Portuguese-based creole is the Kristang, which is spoken in Malacca, a city-state in Malaysia. A number of sign languages are spoken throughout Asia. These include the Japanese Sign Language family, Chinese

title: Education in the Philippines during Spanish rule

text: Philippines to educate the natives, to teach them how to read and write and to learn Spanish. However, the latter objective was well-nigh impossible given the realities of the time. The early friars learned the local languages and the Baybayin script to better communicate with the locals. Although by royal decree the friars were required to teach the Spanish language to the natives, they reasoned that it would be easier for them to learn the local languages first than trying to teach Spanish to all the population. The Spanish missionaries established schools immediately on reaching the islands and wherever they

title: Malayan languages

text: Malayan languages The Malay or Malayan languages are a group of closely related languages spoken by Malays and related peoples across Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Southern Thailand, and the far southern parts of the Philippines. They have traditionally been classified as Malay, Para-Malay, and Aboriginal Malay, but this reflects geography and ethnicity rather than a proper linguistic classification. The Malayan languages are mutually intelligible to varying extents, though the distinction between language and dialect is unclear in many cases. Para-Malay includes the Malayan languages of Sumatra. They are: Minangkabau, Central Malay (Bengkulu), Pekal, Musi (Palembang), Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia), and Duano’.

title: Languages of the Philippines

text: Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, a third-language Spanish speaker, introduced legislation to re-establish the instruction of Spanish in 2009 in the state education system. Today, the language is still spoken by Filipino-Spanish mestizos and Spanish families who are mainly concentrated in Metro Manila, Iloilo and Cebu. It remains an optional subject in some academic institutions, such as the University of Santo Tomás in Manila and the University of San Carlos in Cebu. Many historical documents, land titles, and works of literature are written in Spanish and are still not translated into Filipino languages, despite the fact that some such as land titles

title: Languages of Ethiopia

text: very soon will. The factors that contribute to language death are complex, so it is not easy to estimate which or how many languages are most vulnerable. Hudson wrote, "Assuming that a language with fewer than 10,000 speakers is endangered, or likely to become extinct within a generation", there are 22 endangered languages in Ethiopia (1999:96). However, a number of Ethiopian languages never have had populations even that high, so it is not clear that this is an appropriate way to calculate the number of endangered languages in Ethiopia. The real number may be lower or higher. The new language

title: Women and government in the Philippines

text: Women and government in the Philippines Women and government in the Philippines describes the trend on how women in the Philippines participate in the politics and governance of the Republic of the Philippines throughout its history. There had been a gradual increase in the number of Filipino women participating in Philippine politics, both at the local and national level. Female involvement in the political environment of the Philippines was highlighted by the election of two women as President of the Philippines, namely Corazon Aquino and Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. Representation and integration of Filipino women in Philippine politics at the local and

title: Arabs in the Philippines

text: in Mindanao, but unlike Awad, Saleeby does not appear to have stayed in the Philippines and instead returned to America as he has no descendants in the Philippines. Dr. Saleeby became a historian on the Moro people and their Sultanates after learning their languages and wrote several books on their history. Saleeby died in 1935. The forebear of the Awad family of Davao is the Lebanese Maronite Christian John Awad (Juan Awad), who hailed from the Beqaa Valley. In the 1880s, Awad converted some Muslims around Davao to Christianity. Some movie and TV celebrities are also of Arab descent. Among

title: Americans in the Philippines

text: recorded number of more than 800,000 Americans were born in the Philippines. Large concentrations of Filipinos with American ancestry aside from Metro Manila are located in the areas of the former US bases such as the Subic Bay area in Zambales and Clark Field in Angeles. As the Philippines lies in Southeast Asia, the offspring of a Filipino national and an American servicemember or contractor is termed an Amerasian. These individuals were not covered under the American Homecoming Act. The number of American mestizos is thought to be between 200,000 and 250,000. Most speak English, Tagalog and/or other Philippine languages.

title: Central Philippine languages

text: Central Philippine languages The Central Philippine languages are the most geographically widespread demonstrated group of languages in the Philippines, being spoken in southern Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao, and Sulu. They are also the most populous, including Tagalog (and Filipino), Bikol, and the major Visayan languages Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Waray, Kinaray-a, and Tausug, with some forty languages altogether. The languages are generally subdivided thus (languages in "italics" refer to a single language): There are in addition several Aeta hill-tribal languages of uncertain affiliation: Ata, Sorsogon Ayta, Tayabas Ayta, Karolanos (Northern Binukidnon), Magahat (Southern Binukidnon), Sulod, and Umiray Dumaget. Most of the Central Philippine

title: Americans in the Philippines

text: Many of these people settled in the Philippines and had Philippine spouses. By 1913, there were more than 1,400 mestizos with American parentage, product of the about 8,000 Americans living in the Philippines. 15% of the children of Americans who settled in the Philippines were orphans. Prior to World War II, Americans were not prevalent in the Philippines, most living in enclaves especially around Fort Santiago; one term used to describe those who settled in the Philippines was "Manila Americans". By 1939, 8,709 Americans were in the Philippines, primarily in Manila, and of whom only 4,022 were working age and

title: Indonesians in the Philippines

text: Indonesians in the Philippines Indonesians in the Philippines consist of expatriates and immigrants from Indonesia residing in the Philippines, and their descendants. Among them were many formerly stateless people, legally called Persons of Indonesian descent (PID), whom the United Nations and the governments of the two countries helped to acquire citizenship. According to the 2000 Philippines census, there were 43,871 Indonesians in the Philippines, making them the 5th-largest group of foreigners in the Philippines. Most reside in Mindanao region, especially in Davao del Sur, Davao del Norte, Davao Oriental, Sarangani, Sultan Kudarat, North Cotabato, South Cotabato, General Santos and Davao

title: Borneo–Philippine languages

text: Borneo–Philippine languages The Borneo–Philippines languages (also known as Outer Hesperonesian or Outer Western Malayo-Polynesian languages) are a paraphyletic group of the Austronesian languages which includes the languages of the Philippines, much of Borneo, the northern peninsula of Sulawesi, and Madagascar. They can be divided into the Bornean languages and the Philippine languages. In this classification, the previously posited clade of "Western Malayo-Polynesian", also known as "Hesperonesian", has been broken up into "outer" (Borneo–Philippines) and "inner" (Sunda–Sulawesi) clades and Western Malayo-Polynesian is considered merely a geographic term (Wouk and Ross 2002). These are both "remnant groups:" the Borneo–Philippine languages are those