query: what is the national anthem of russia?

title: National anthem of Russia

text: National anthem of Russia The "State Anthem of the Russian Federation" () is the name of the official national anthem of Russia. It uses the same music as the "State Anthem of the Soviet Union", composed by Alexander Alexandrov, and new lyrics by Sergey Mikhalkov, who had collaborated with Gabriel El-Registan on the original anthem. From 1944, that earliest version replaced "The Internationale", as a new, more Soviet-centric, and Russia-centric Soviet anthem. The same melody, but without lyrics mentioning dead Stalin by name, was used after 1956. A second version of the lyrics was written by Mikhalkov in 1970 and

title: National anthem of Russia

text: orchestras, brass bands and wind bands. According to Russian , state symbols and signs are not protected by copyright. As such, the anthem's music and lyrics may be used and modified freely. Although the law calls for the anthem to be performed respectfully and for performers to avoid causing offence, it does not define what constitutes offensive acts or penalties. Standing for the anthem is required by law but the law does not specify a penalty for refusing to stand. Citations Bibliography Legislation National anthem of Russia The "State Anthem of the Russian Federation" () is the name of the

title: National anthem of Russia

text: official adoption of the lyrics, the Kremlin released a section of the anthem, which made a reference to the flag and coat of arms: The above lines were omitted from the final version of the lyrics. After the bill was approved by the Federation Council on 20 December, "On the National Anthem of the Russian Federation" was signed into law by President Putin on 25 December, officially making Alexandrov's music the national anthem of Russia. The law was published two days later in the official government Newspaper of record "Rossiyskaya Gazeta". The new anthem was first performed on 30 December,

title: National Anthem of the Udmurt Republic

text: played, and the order in which the anthem is played with respect to the National Anthem of Russia or those of other countries. National Anthem of the Udmurt Republic The National Anthem of the Udmurt Republic is one of the official state symbols of the Udmurt Republic, a member of the Russian Federation. The anthem's music was written by the brothers German and Alexander Korepanov. The lyrics were written by T. G. Vladikin (Udmurt version) and A. A. Sheptalin (Russian version). The use of the anthem in official settings is governed by Law of the Udmurt Republic of October 31,

title: State Anthem of the Soviet Union

text: Bolshevik Party in the form of ""Partiya Lenina"" ("The party of Lenin"). These lyrics were also present in the original Bolshevik party anthem at the same location within the melody, followed by the lyrics ""Partiya Stalina"" ("The party of Stalin"). After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Russian Federation adopted a new wordless anthem called the "Patriotic Song", although there were suggestions for adopting lyrics. As a result, a few different versions were produced. In 2000, the current national anthem of Russia was introduced, which used the music of the Soviet national anthem and new lyrics written

title: National anthem of Russia

text: a new composition by Mikhalkov; according to the government, the lyrics were selected to evoke and eulogize the history and traditions of Russia. Yeltsin criticized Putin for supporting the reintroduction of the Soviet-era national anthem even though opinion polls showed that many Russians favored this decision. Public perception of the anthem is mixed among Russians. A 2009 poll showed that 56% of respondents felt proud when hearing the national anthem, and that 25% liked it. Before "The Prayer of the Russians" () was chosen as the national anthem of Imperial Russia in 1816, various church hymns and military marches were

title: National anthem of Russia

text: its inability to inspire Russian athletes during international competitions. The government sponsored contests to create lyrics for the unpopular anthem, but none of the entries were adopted. Glinka's anthem was replaced soon after Yeltsin's successor as President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin, first took office on 7 May 2000. The federal legislature established and approved the music of the National Anthem of the Soviet Union, with newly written lyrics, in December 2000, and it became the second anthem used by Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The government sponsored a contest to find lyrics, eventually settling upon

title: National anthem of Russia

text: should not be used by the state. Kashin found that the cost for making a new anthem recording will be about 120,000 rubles. The Russian Government quickly rejected the request because it lacked statistical data and other findings. Nikonov asked the Constitutional Court of Russia in 2005 if the lyrics were compatible with Russian law. Regulations for the performance of the national anthem are set forth in the law signed by President Putin on 25 December 2000. While a performance of the anthem may include only music, only words, or a combination of both, the anthem must be performed using

title: National anthem of Russia

text: as "Patriotícheskaya Pésnya" (), was a wordless piano composition discovered after Glinka's death. "Patrioticheskaya Pesnya" was performed in front of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR on November 23, 1990. The song was decreed by the Supreme Soviet to be the new Russian anthem that same day. This anthem was intended to be permanent, which can be seen from the parliamentary draft of the Constitution, approved and drafted by Supreme Soviet, Congress of People's Deputies and its Constitutional Commission (with latter formally headed by President of Russia). The draft, among other things, reads that: The National Anthem of the Russian

title: National anthem of Russia

text: it was more socialist, and could not be confused with the French anthem; other persons in the new Soviet government believed "La Marseillaise" to be too bourgeois. "The Internationale" was used as the state anthem of Soviet Russia from 1918, adopted by the newly created Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1922, and was used until 1944. The music of the national anthem, created by Alexander Alexandrov, had previously been incorporated in several hymns and compositions. The music was first used in the Hymn of the Bolshevik Party, created in 1939. When the Comintern was dissolved in 1943, the government

title: National anthem of Russia

text: argued that "The Internationale", which was historically associated with the Comintern, should be replaced as the National Anthem of the Soviet Union. Alexandrov's music was chosen as the new anthem by the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin after a contest in 1943. Stalin praised the song for fulfilling what a national anthem should be, though he criticized the song's orchestration. In response, Alexandrov blamed the problems on Viktor Knushevitsky, who was responsible for orchestrating the entries for the final contest rounds. When writing the Bolshevik party anthem, Alexandrov incorporated pieces from the song "Life Has Become Better" (), a musical comedy

title: National anthem of Russia

text: that the re-adoption of the Soviet anthem "deepened the schism in [Russian] society". The Soviet anthem was supported by the Communist Party and by Putin himself. The other national symbols used by Russia in 1990, the white-blue-red flag and the double-headed eagle coat of arms, were also given legal approval by Putin in December, thus ending the debate over the national symbols. After all of the symbols were adopted, Putin said on television that this move was needed to heal Russia's past and to fuse the period of the Soviet Union with Russia's history. He also stated that, while Russia's

title: National anthem of Russia

text: is mandatory at the swearing-in of the President of Russia, for opening and closing sessions of the Duma and the Federation Council, and for official state ceremonies. It is played on television and radio at the beginning and end of the broadcast day. If programming is continuous, the anthem is played once at 0600 hours and again at midnight. The anthem is also played on New Year's Eve after the New Year Address by the President. It is played at sporting events in Russia and abroad, according to the protocol of the organisation hosting the games. According to the law,

title: National anthem of Russia

text: Pesnya" the official anthem for Russia., but this decree was provisional, since the draft Constitution (which was passed a day later) explicitly referred this matter to legislation, enacted by parliament. According to Article 70 of the Constitution, state symbols (which are an anthem, flag and coat of arms) required further definition by future legislation. As it was a constitutional matter, it had to be passed by a two-thirds majority in the Duma. Between 1994 and 1999, many votes were called for in the State Duma to retain "Patrioticheskaya Pesnya" as the official anthem of Russia. However, it faced stiff opposition

title: National Anthem of the Sakha Republic

text: National Anthem of the Sakha Republic The State Anthem of the Sakha Republic (; ) or National Anthem of Yakutia is the regional anthem of the Sakha Republic, a federal subject of Russia. The national anthem is one of the official symbols of the Sakha Republic, alongside with the flag and the coat of arms of the Sakha Republic. It was originally written in the Sakha language by Savva Tarasov and Mikhail Timofeyev. The anthem was translated into Russian by Vladimir Fedorov. The music was composed by Kirill Gerasimov. The anthem was officially adopted on 15 July 2004. The anthem's

title: National anthem of Russia

text: that new lyrics be written. He did not say how much of the old Soviet lyrics should be retained for the new anthem. Putin submitted the bill "On the National Anthem of the Russian Federation" to the Duma for their consideration on 4 December. The Duma voted 381–51–1 in favor of adopting Alexandrov's music as the national anthem on 8 December 2000. Following the vote, a committee was formed and tasked with exploring lyrics for the national anthem. After receiving over 6,000 manuscripts from all sectors of Russian society, the committee selected lyrics by Mikhalkov for the anthem. Before the

title: National anthem of Russia

text: when the anthem is played "officially", everybody must stand up (in case the national flag is raising, facing to the flag), men must remove their headgear (in practice, excluding those in military uniform and clergymen). Uniformed personnel must give a military salute when the anthem plays. The anthem is performed in 4/4 (common time) or in 2/4 (half time) in the key of C major, and has a tempo of 76 beats per minute. Using either time signature, the anthem must be played in a solemn and singing manner (Russian: "Торжественно and Распевно"). The government has released different notations for

title: National anthem of Russia

text: adopted in 1977, placing less emphasis on World War II and more on the victory of communism. The Russian SFSR was the only constituent republic of the Soviet Union without its own regional anthem. The lyric-free "Patrioticheskaya Pesnya", composed by Mikhail Glinka, was officially adopted in 1990 by the Supreme Soviet of Russia and confirmed in 1993, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, by the President of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. This anthem proved to be unpopular with the Russian public and with many politicians and public figures, because of its tune and lack of lyrics, and consequently

title: National anthem of Russia

text: the Tsar!" (). It was well received by Nicholas I, who chose the song to be the next anthem of Imperial Russia. The song resembled a hymn, and its musical style was similar to that of other anthems used by European monarchs. "God Save the Tsar!" was performed for the first time on 8 December 1833, at the Bolshoi Theater in Moscow. It was later played at the Winter Palace on Christmas Day, by order of Nicholas I. Public singing of the anthem began at opera houses in 1834, but it was not widely known across the Russian Empire until

title: National anthem of Russia

text: issue and put it before the State Council. CNN also reported that members of the Spartak Moscow football club complained that the wordless anthem "affected their morale and performance". Two years earlier, during the 1998 World Cup, members of the Russian team commented that the wordless anthem failed to inspire "great patriotic effort". In a November session of the Federation Council, Putin stated that establishing the national symbols (anthem, flag and coat of arms) should be a top priority for the country. Putin pressed for the former Soviet anthem to be selected as the new Russian anthem, but strongly suggested

title: National anthem of Russia

text: anthem. Russian cultural figures and government officials were also troubled by Putin's restoration of the Soviet anthem, even with different lyrics. A former adviser to both Yeltsin and Mikhail Gorbachev, the last President of the Soviet Union, stated that, when "Stalin's hymn" was used as the national anthem of the Soviet Union, horrific crimes took place. At the 2007 funeral of Yeltsin, the Russian state anthem was played as his coffin was laid to rest at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow. While it was common to hear the state anthem during state funerals for Soviet civil and military officials, honored

title: National anthem of Russia

text: from members of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, who wanted the Soviet anthem restored. Because any anthem had to be approved by a two-thirds supermajority, this disagreement between Duma factions for nearly a decade prevented passage of an anthem. When "Patrioticheskaya Pesnya" was used as the national anthem, it never had official lyrics. The anthem struck a positive chord for some people because it did not contain elements from the Soviet past, and because the public considered Glinka to be a patriot and a true Russian. However, the lack of lyrics doomed "Patrioticheskaya Pesnya". Various attempts were made

title: National anthem of Russia

text: march towards democracy would not be stopped, the rejection of the Soviet era would have left the lives of their mothers and fathers bereft of meaning. It took some time for the Russian people to familiarize themselves with the anthem's lyrics; athletes were only able to hum along with the anthem during the medal ceremonies at the 2002 Winter Olympics. The Russian national anthem is set to the melody of the Soviet anthem (used since 1944). As a result, there have been several controversies related to its use. For instance, some—including cellist Mstislav Rostropovich—have vowed not to stand during the

title: National anthem of Russia

text: during a ceremony at the Great Kremlin Palace in Moscow at which Mikhalkov's lyrics were officially made part of the national anthem. Not everyone agreed with the adoption of the new anthem. Yeltsin argued that Putin should not have changed the anthem merely to "follow blindly the mood of the people". Yeltsin also felt that the restoration of the Soviet anthem was part of a move to reject post-communist reforms that had taken place since Russian independence and the dissolution of the Soviet Union. This was one of Yeltsin's few public criticisms of Putin. The liberal political party Yabloko stated

title: National anthem of Russia

text: Research Center and publicized just two days before Russia's flag day (22 August), 56% of respondents stated that they felt proud when hearing the national anthem. However, only 39% could recall the words of the first line of the anthem. This was an increase from 33% in 2007. According to the survey, between 34 and 36% could not identify the anthem's first line. Overall, only 25% of respondents said they liked the anthem. In the previous year, the Russian Public Opinion Research Center found out that 56% of Russians felt pride and admiration at the anthem, even though only 40%

title: National anthem of Russia

text: it was hard to remember, uninspiring, and musically complicated. It was one of the few national anthems that lacked official lyrics during this period. The only other wordless national anthems in the period from 1990 to 2000 were "My Belarusy" of Belarus (until 2002), "Marcha Real" of Spain, and "Intermeco" of Bosnia and Herzegovina The anthem debate intensified in October 2000 when Yeltsin's successor, Vladimir Putin, was approached by Russian athletes who were concerned that they had no words to sing for the anthem during the medal ceremonies at the 2000 Summer Olympic Games. Putin brought public attention to the

title: National Anthem of the Altai Republic

text: National Anthem of the Altai Republic The anthem of the Altai Republic (Altaian: Алтай Республиканыҥ Гимны, "Altay Respublikanıñ Gimnı") is the title of the anthem of the Altai Republic, a federal subject of Russia. The music was composed by V. Peshnyak and the lyrics were written by Arzhan Adarov. It was adopted officially on 11 September 2001. The first three verses are sung in the native Gorno-Altay language, and the last two are sung in Russian. <poem>Blue skies full of stars, So vast, yet free is the Khan of Altai. The three peaks of the calm Taigas This sacred, ancient

title: National anthem of Russia

text: During the 2000 debate on the anthem, Boris Gryzlov, the leader of the Unity faction in the Duma, noted that the music which Alexandrov wrote for the Soviet anthem was similar to Vasily Kalinnikov's 1892 overture, "Bylina". Supporters of the Soviet anthem mentioned this in the various debates held in the Duma on the change of anthem, but there is no evidence that Alexandrov consciously used parts of "Bylina" in his composition. Another musical work has also been discovered, with identical or near-identical music, that long predates Alexandrov's 1943 involvement with the Anthem of the USSR. A Ukrainian Scouting (Plast)

title: National anthem of Russia

text: to compose lyrics for the anthem, including a contest that allowed any Russian citizen to participate. A committee set up by the government looked at over 6000 entries, and 20 were recorded by an orchestra for a final vote. The eventual winner was Viktor Radugin's ""Be glorious, Russia!"" (). However, none of the lyrics were officially adopted by Yeltsin or the Russian government. One of the reasons that partially explained the lack of lyrics was the original use of Glinka's composition: the praise of the Tsar and of the Russian Orthodox Church. Other complaints raised about the song were that

title: National Anthem of the Altai Republic

text: Altai. Three peaks stand as the Khan of Altai To go from here, there will be no traditions. The hawk sleeps well in the forests Tenacious taxes do not exist. This is the Altai nation's birthplace Altai's one thousand holy places. Protecting her flowing wealth We are Russians all our lives. You are created by the sun, Altai, Live and prosper. You are steadfast forever, And our Altai is beautiful. Altai with Russia for centuries. To you and her we are loyal. And with a single destiny Are forever perfused. Altay!</poem> National Anthem of the Altai Republic The anthem of

title: National Anthem of the Republic of China

text: National Anthem of the Republic of China The "National Anthem of the Republic of China" is the national anthem of the Republic of China (ROC), commonly known as Taiwan. It was originally adopted in 1937 by the ROC as its national anthem and was used as such until the late 1940s. It replaced the "Song to the Auspicious Cloud", which had been used as the Chinese national anthem before. In mainland China, this national anthem serves a historical role as the current national anthem of the People's Republic of China is the "March of the Volunteers". The national anthem was

title: National anthem of Russia

text: Federation is the Patriotic Song composed by Mikhail Glinka. The text of the National Anthem of the Russian Federation shall be endorsed by the federal law But conflict between President and Congress made passage of that draft less likely: the Congress shifted onto more and more rewriting of the 1978 Russian Constitution, while President pushed forward with new draft Constitution, which doesn't define state symbols. After 1993 Russian constitutional crisis and just one day before the constitutional referendum (i.e. on December 11, 1993) Yeltsin, then President of the Russian Federation, issued a presidential decree on December 11, 1993, retaining "Patrioticheskaya

title: Paraguayan National Anthem

text: 1846. It still remains unclear who was responsible for the creation of the music. Some sources claim that Frenchman Francisco Sauvageot de Dupuis was the composer, while others claim it to be the work of the Hungarian-born Francisco José Debali (Debály Ferenc József), who composed the melody of the Uruguayan national anthem. What it is known for sure is that it was the Paraguayan composer Remberto Giménez who in 1933 arranged and developed the version of the national anthem which remains in use by Paraguay today. Though the national anthem has many verses, usually only the first verse followed by

title: National anthem of Norway

text: National anthem of Norway Norway does not have an official national anthem, but over the last 200 years, a number of anthems have been commonly regarded as "de facto" national anthems. At times, multiple anthems have enjoyed this status simultaneously. Today, the anthem "Ja, vi elsker dette landet" is the most recognised national anthem, but until the early 20th century, "Sønner av Norge" occupied this position. In the early 19th century, the anthem "Norges Skaal" was regarded by many as a "de facto" national anthem. From 1820, the anthem "Norsk Nationalsang" (literally, "Norwegian National Anthem") became the most recognised national

title: National anthem of Russia

text: the official music and words prescribed by law. Once a performance has been recorded, it may be used for any purpose, such as in a radio or television broadcast. The anthem may be played for solemn or celebratory occasions, such as the annual Victory Day parade in Moscow, or the funerals of heads of state and other significant figures. When asked about playing the anthem during the Victory Day parades, Defense Minister Anatoliy Serdyukov stated that because of the acoustics of the Red Square, only an orchestra would be used because voices would be swallowed by the echo. The anthem

title: National anthem of Russia

text: that he composed. This comedy was based on a slogan Stalin first used in 1935. Over 200 entries were submitted for the anthem contest, including some by famous Soviet composers Dmitri Shostakovich, Aram Khachaturian and Iona Tuskiya. Later, the rejected joint entry by Khachaturian and Shostakovich became "Song of the Red Army", and Khachaturian went on to compose the Anthem of the Armenian SSR. There was also an entry from Boris Alexandrov, the son of Alexander. His rejected entry, "Long Live Our State" (Да здравствует наша держава), became a popular patriotic song and was adopted as the anthem of Transnistria.

title: National anthem of Russia

text: Stalin and moving his corpse from Lenin's Mausoleum to the Kremlin Wall Necropolis. In addition, the anthem lyrics composed by Mikhalkov and El-Registan were officially scrapped by the Soviet government in 1956. The anthem was still used by the Soviet government, but without any official lyrics. In private, this anthem became known the "Song Without Words". Mikhalkov wrote a new set of lyrics in 1970, but they were not submitted to the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet until May 27, 1977. The new lyrics, which eliminated any mention of Stalin, were approved on 1 September, and were made official with

title: National anthem of Russia

text: 1837. God Save the Tsar! was used until the February Revolution, when the Russian monarchy was overthrown. Upon the overthrow, in March 1917, the "Worker's Marseillaise" (), Pyotr Lavrov's modification of the French anthem "La Marseillaise", was used as an unofficial anthem by the Russian Provisional Government. The modifications Lavrov made to "La Marseillaise" included a change in meter from 2/2 to 4/4 and music harmonization to make it sound more Russian. It was used at governmental meetings, welcoming ceremonies for diplomats and state funerals. After the Bolsheviks overthrew the provisional government in the 1917 October Revolution, the anthem of

title: National anthem of Russia

text: anthem from , with music composed by Yury Pyasetsky (, "Jurij Piasećkyj") known as "Plastovy Obit" (), to lyrics by Plast founder Oleksander Tysovsky (, "Oleksandr Tysovśkyj) has been noted by Plast members to bear an extremely close or identical resemblance to the later Russian/Soviet anthem. The music and words are found in various Plast handbooks and songbooks, and a performance of this song in 2012 can be viewed on YouTube. The first line reads: "V požežach vsesvitnych, u lunach kryvavych" (). The Piasetsky-Tysovsky anthem actually glorifies the Ukrainian independence movement, which had the support of the Plast organization. After

title: National Anthem of the Udmurt Republic

text: National Anthem of the Udmurt Republic The National Anthem of the Udmurt Republic is one of the official state symbols of the Udmurt Republic, a member of the Russian Federation. The anthem's music was written by the brothers German and Alexander Korepanov. The lyrics were written by T. G. Vladikin (Udmurt version) and A. A. Sheptalin (Russian version). The use of the anthem in official settings is governed by Law of the Udmurt Republic of October 31, 2002 N55-РЗ "On the National anthem of the Udmurt Republic". This governs the official situations in which the anthem must, or may, be

title: National anthem of Russia

text: citizens of the nation, and Soviet leaders, as was the case for Alexei Kosygin, Leonid Brezhnev, Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko, writing in "The Daily Telegraph" Boris Berezovsky felt that playing the anthem at Yeltsin's funeral "abused the man who brought freedom" to the Russian people. The Russian government states that the "solemn music and poetic work" of the anthem, despite its history, is a symbol of unity for the Russian people. Mikhalkov's words evoke "feelings of patriotism, respect for the history of the country and its system of government." In a 2009 poll conducted by the Russian Public Opinion

title: National anthem of Russia

text: used to honor the country and the Tsars. Songs used include "Let the Thunder of Victory Rumble!" () and "How Glorious is our Lord" (). "The Prayer of the Russians" was adopted around 1816, and used lyrics by Vasily Zhukovsky set to the music of the British anthem, "God Save the King". Russia's anthem was also influenced by the anthems of France and the Netherlands, and by the British patriotic song "Rule, Britannia!". In 1833, Zhukovsky was asked to set lyrics to a musical composition by Prince Alexei Lvov called "The Russian People's Prayer", known more commonly as "God Save

title: National anthem of the Transvaal

text: 1881. Possibly, this date accounts for the song's non-avoidance of the word Transvaal, which was the name of the state so strongly rejected in the uprising of 1880-81. The arrangement is by G G Cillie. National anthem of the Transvaal The national anthem of the Transvaal (Afrikaans and Dutch: "Volkslied van Transvaal", literally "People's song of Transvaal") was the national anthem of the independent Boer Republic called the South African Republic, also known as the Republic of the Transvaal. It is one of many South African flag songs. The words and music of the 'Transvaalse Volkslied' were written by the

title: National Anthem of the Dominican Republic

text: twice and its derivative demonym, "quisqueyanos", is used once. However, research later shows that these words does not seem to derive from the original Arawak Taíno language. In public, the national anthem is usually performed through the end of the lyric's fourth paragraph. Also note that, no official translation of the Spanish lyrics into any other language, including English, has been enacted into law. National Anthem of the Dominican Republic The Dominican National Anthem is the national anthem of the Dominican Republic. Its music was composed by José Rufino Reyes Siancas (1835–1905), and its lyrics were authored by Emilio Prud’Homme

title: National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China

text: Taipei." However, in the 16th Asian Games held in Guangzhou, China, the song was introduced as the "Anthem of the Chinese Taipei Olympic Committee" (中華臺北奧會會歌), with new lyrics written by Zhang Bide (張彼德). In schools and national monuments in Taiwan, the National Anthem and the National Flag Anthem are played every morning before classes or opening at an outdoor ceremony. The national anthem is sung while the flag is being held before raising and the National Flag Anthem is played when the National Flag is raised. According to Liu Yiling from National Library of the Republic of China, there is

title: National anthem of Russia

text: selecting the music by Alexandrov for the national anthem, Stalin needed new lyrics. He thought that the song was short and, because of the Great Patriotic War, that it needed a statement about the impending defeat of Germany by the Red Army. The poets Sergey Mikhalkov and Gabriel El-Registan were called to Moscow by one of Stalin's staffers, and were told to fix the lyrics to Alexandrov's music. They were instructed to keep the verses the same, but to find a way to change the refrains which described "a Country of Soviets". Because of the difficulty of expressing the concepts

title: National anthem of Russia

text: the printing of the new Soviet Constitution in October 1977. In the credits for the 1977 lyrics, Mikhalkov was mentioned, but references to El-Registan, who died in 1945, were dropped for unknown reasons. With the impending collapse of the Soviet Union in early 1990, a new national anthem was needed to help define the reorganized nation and to reject the Soviet past. The Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR, Boris Yeltsin, was advised to revive "God Save The Tsar" with modifications to the lyrics. However, he instead selected a piece composed by Mikhail Glinka. The piece, known

title: National anthem of the Transvaal

text: National anthem of the Transvaal The national anthem of the Transvaal (Afrikaans and Dutch: "Volkslied van Transvaal", literally "People's song of Transvaal") was the national anthem of the independent Boer Republic called the South African Republic, also known as the Republic of the Transvaal. It is one of many South African flag songs. The words and music of the 'Transvaalse Volkslied' were written by the Dutch poet Catharina F van Rees in 1875 - surprisingly it dates back to the period before the annexation of 1879, and the emotions seem to blend well with those of the victorious rebels of

text: National Anthem of the Dominican Republic The Dominican National Anthem is the national anthem of the Dominican Republic. Its music was composed by José Rufino Reyes Siancas (1835–1905), and its lyrics were authored by Emilio Prud’Homme (1856–1932). The first public performance of the national anthem took place on 17 August 1883. Though the music was an instant success, several objections were made to the lyrics for having various historical inaccuracies. In 1897, Prud’Homme submitted revised lyrics which stand to this day. On 7 June 1897, the Congress of the Dominican Republic passed an act adopting "Himno Nacional" with the original

text: the Volunteers", which was written a few years later entirely in modern vernacular Chinese. As well as being written in classical Chinese, the national anthem follows classical poetic conventions. The ancient "Fu" style follows that of a four-character poem, where the last character of each line rhymes in "-ong" or "-eng", which are equivalent in ancient Chinese. The official translation by Du Tingxiu (Theodore B. Tu) appears in English-language guides to the ROC published by the government. National Anthem of the Republic of China The "National Anthem of the Republic of China" is the national anthem of the Republic of

title: National Anthem of Chile

text: States rock band the Eagles, sang the National Anthem of Chile at a Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim baseball game in 2003. Below are the lyrics of the most played version; it corresponds to Verse V of the full version and the chorus: Full National Anthem According to Chilean Constitution (Only Verse V and the chorus are played officially as the National Anthem [decree 260]) The following lyrics were used during the military regime in the country. Both the 5th and 3rd verses were used. National Anthem of Chile The National Anthem of Chile () is also known as Canción

text: they would salute the national anthem. After the Kuomintang Anthem became the "de facto" National Anthem of the Republic of China in 1930, the Ministry of Education had invited submissions for a new official national anthem. The music composed by Huang Tzu was eventually chosen in 1936, but the Nationalist Government refused to adopt it as the national anthem. As a compromise, the National Anthem remained unchanged, while Huang Tzu's music was adopted as the National Flag Anthem, with lyrics written in Classical Chinese by Tai Chi-tao, who had also contributed to the lyrics of the National Anthem. Since 1983,

title: Thai National Anthem

text: anthem is broadcast by both radio and television channels twice per day. Thai National Anthem The Thai National Anthem () is the title of Thailand's national anthem which was adopted on 10 December 1939. The melody was composed by Phra Chenduriyang (Peter Veit) and the words are by Luang Saranupraphan. "Phleng Chat" (), literally meaning "national anthem", is a general term for a national anthem. The anthem is also used to refer to this specific song. Before 1932, Sansoen Phra Barami (the Royal Anthem) was used as the national anthem of Siam. The anthem was composed a few days after

title: Thai National Anthem

text: Thai National Anthem The Thai National Anthem () is the title of Thailand's national anthem which was adopted on 10 December 1939. The melody was composed by Phra Chenduriyang (Peter Veit) and the words are by Luang Saranupraphan. "Phleng Chat" (), literally meaning "national anthem", is a general term for a national anthem. The anthem is also used to refer to this specific song. Before 1932, Sansoen Phra Barami (the Royal Anthem) was used as the national anthem of Siam. The anthem was composed a few days after the revolution of 1932 in the tune vaguely similar to the national

title: National Anthem of the Sakha Republic

text: music is played in F major. After the Sakha Republic became a separate sovereign state, the first constitution was adopted. At that time, no official anthem of the Sakha Republic existed. The constitution only stipulates that : After the approval of the new constitution, a commission for the creation of the national anthem was formed, with the poet Savva Tarasov as the chairman. A competition for the national anthem was announced. Hundreds of submission for the national anthem was received from throughout the country, but the commision did not approved any of the submission. This caused Savva Tarasov to be

title: National Anthem of Peru

text: the following shout is done when the anthem's performance is over: The chant "Long Live Peru!" is also done in sporting events, concerts, anniversaries and other occasions after the playing of the national anthem. National Anthem of Peru The "Himno Nacional del Perú" (; also known as "Marcha Nacional del Perú", or National March of Peru) is the national anthem of the Republic of Peru. The anthem was composed by José Bernardo Alcedo and its lyrics were written by José de la Torre Ugarte. After Peru declared its independence, the general José de San Martín began a public contest to

title: State Anthem of the Chuvash Republic

text: State Anthem of the Chuvash Republic The State Anthem of the Republic of Chuvashia (; ) is the national anthem of the Republic of Chuvashia, a federal subject of Russia. The lyrics were written by Ilya Tuktash and the music was composed by German Lebedev. It was officially adopted in 1997. An idea aroused in 1905 about creating a new universal anthem. At the time, poet Yakov Turkhan wrote poems to the melody of the State Anthem of the Russian Federation and he published them in the first issue of newspaper "Hypar" in January 1906. During the autumn of 1917,

title: National anthem of Russia

text: had been removed during de-Stalinization. Most of the commentary surrounding this event focused on the Kremlin's attempt to "rehabilitate the image" of Stalin by using symbolism sympathetic to or created by him. The Communist Party strongly supported the restoration of Alexandrov's melody, but some members proposed other changes to the anthem. In March 2010, Boris Kashin, a CPRF member of the Duma, advocated for the removal of any reference to God in the anthem. Kashin's suggestion was also supported by Alexander Nikonov, a journalist with SPID-INFO and an avowed atheist. Nikonov argued that religion should be a private matter and

title: National anthem of Russia

text: of the Great Patriotic War in song, that idea was dropped from the version which El-Registan and Mikhalkov completed overnight. After a few minor changes to emphasize the Russian Motherland, Stalin approved the anthem and had it published on 7 November 1943, including a line about Stalin "inspir[ing] us to keep the faith with the people". The revised anthem was announced to all of the USSR on January 1, 1944 and became official on March 15, 1944. After Stalin's death in 1953, the Soviet government examined his legacy. The government began the de-Stalinization process, which included downplaying the role of

title: National Anthem of Uruguay

text: National Anthem of Uruguay The "Himno Nacional de Uruguay" (), also known by its incipit "Orientales, la Patria o la Tumba", is the longest national anthem in terms of duration with 105 bars of music (about four-and-a-half to six minutes), though an abridged version is performed on most occasions. Its lyrics are by Francisco Acuña de Figueroa, who was also author of the lyrics to Paraguay's national anthem; "Paraguayos, República o Muerte". The lyrics were officially declared the national anthem on July 8, 1833, while the current musical composition was declared as the official by law on July 25 and

title: National Anthem of Colombia

text: without repeating the chorus. This is usually the case when brevity is sought. By law, radio and television broadcasts must play the national anthem at 6:00 am and 6:00 pm, and the radio invariably uses the shorter format. The shorter anthem is also used at international events such as the Olympic Games or World Cup. In ceremonies of the Colombian Artillery, the last verse is used instead of the first verse. The Colombian Cavalry traditionally uses the sixth verse, while the 4th verse is used by the Colombian Navy. National Anthem of Colombia The "National Anthem of the Republic of

title: National Anthem of Honduras

text: National Anthem of Honduras The "National Anthem of Honduras" () was adopted under presidential decree 42 in 1915. The lyrics were written by Augusto Constantino Coello and the music composed by Carlos Hartling. In its entirety, the anthem is a brief chronology of Honduran history. The anthem consists of the chorus and seven solos. For official acts, only the chorus and the seventh are sung. The chorus, which is sung before and after the seventh solo, is a description of Honduras' chief national symbols, the flag and the coat of arms. The eighth verse, is a patriotic call to duty

title: National anthem

text: to have a national anthem – "Rise up, Serbia!" – in 1804. "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu", the national anthem of Kenya, is one of the first national anthems to be specifically commissioned. It was written by the Kenyan Anthem Commission in 1963 to serve as the anthem after independence from the United Kingdom. The Welsh National anthem "Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau" was the first such to be sung at an international sporting event when it was sung in a Rugby game against New Zealand in Llanelli. This was done to counter the famous New Zealand haka. National anthems are used

title: National Anthem of Honduras

text: to Hondurans to defend the flag and the nation. By the time Hondurans complete their sixth year of elementary education, they will have memorized and been taught the meaning of all eight stanzas. Unofficially, the anthem is sometimes called ""Tu bandera es un lampo de cielo"" (Spanish for "Your flag is a splendor of sky") which is also the first line of the chorus. For Graduations in middle school, High school, University, or another type of graduation, an exam will be done based on a questionnaire of the National Anthem. National Anthem of Honduras The "National Anthem of Honduras" ()

title: State Anthem of the Republic of Bashkortostan

text: of Bashkortostan "On the State Anthem of the Republic of Bashkortostan" on 12 October 1993. The music "Republic" was originally composed by Farit Idrisov on 11 October 1990 and was later used for the anthem. The music is also used for the Bashkir folk song "Ural" On 6 July 1999, the Law "On State Symbols of the Republic of Bashkortostan" was approved, along with the order of execution and use of the national anthem. The anthem has been performed during the opening and closing ceremonies and meetings dedicated to the state holidays in Bashkortostan and in Russia. It has as

title: National anthem

text: of a national anthem outside of its country, however, is dependent on the international recognition of that country. For instance, Taiwan has not been recognized by the Olympics as a separate nation since 1979 and must compete as Chinese Taipei; its National Banner Song is used instead of its national anthem. In Taiwan, the country's national anthem is sung before instead of during flag-rising and flag-lowering, followed by the National Banner Song during the actual flag-rising and flag-lowering. Even within a state, the state's citizenry may interpret the national anthem differently (such as in the United States some view the

title: National Anthem Bill

text: term only a "label". She also insisted the proposed bill only targets people who deliberately insult the national anthem and the residents not to worry about it. National Anthem Bill The National Anthem Bill is a proposed law of Hong Kong to preserve the dignity of the "March of the Volunteers", national anthem of the People's Republic of China, so that the Hong Kong resident would respect the national anthem. It is proposed to implement the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the National Anthem (the National Anthem Law) by local legislation. The Hong Kong-Central Government relations grew

title: National anthem of Mauritania

text: National anthem of Mauritania The national anthem of Mauritania (), also known by its incipit "Bilada-l ubati-l hudati-l kiram" (; ), was adopted on 16 November 2017 and was composed by Rageh Daoud. In March 2017, following a referendum to amend the constitution of July 1991, the Mauritanian National Assembly adopted a new national anthem to replace the previous one. It has five verses, with a chorus repeated after each verse. The first verse and chorus are below including the fifth verse and the final chorus. the lyrics in the bracket is sung in an extended version of the anthem.

title: National Anthem of the Sakha Republic

text: prison camp after his arrest. The composer of the song, Adam Skryabin, went abroad to evade the persecution and was given trial "in absentia". After a long time, the song was allowed by the Soviet government to be performed publically. The first public performance of this song was in the Victory Day celebration in the Yakut ASSR on 1945, from a gramophone record. The song was proposed to became the anthem of the Sakha Republic in 1990. National Anthem of the Sakha Republic The State Anthem of the Sakha Republic (; ) or National Anthem of Yakutia is the regional

title: National anthem of Guatemala

text: their poetic beauty. The identity of the author of the song's original lyrics was not known until 1911, when on his deathbed, José Joaquín Palma revealed that he had authored the lyrics. National anthem of Guatemala The national anthem of Guatemala was written by José Joaquín Palma (1844–1911) and composed by Rafael Álvarez Ovalle.. The anthem is often erroneously titled "Guatemala Feliz!" from its opening lyrics, but the anthem has no official name and is only referred to in the country as the "Himno Nacional". The anthem was adopted in 1896 as the winning entry in a competition held by

title: National anthem of Guatemala

text: National anthem of Guatemala The national anthem of Guatemala was written by José Joaquín Palma (1844–1911) and composed by Rafael Álvarez Ovalle.. The anthem is often erroneously titled "Guatemala Feliz!" from its opening lyrics, but the anthem has no official name and is only referred to in the country as the "Himno Nacional". The anthem was adopted in 1896 as the winning entry in a competition held by the government. The lyrics were modified slightly in 1934 by Professor Jose Maria Bonilla Ruano, a Spanish grammar scholar. Some verses were softened in their bloody context while others were enhanced in

title: National anthem of South Africa

text: National anthem of South Africa The current national anthem of South Africa was adopted in 1997 and is a hybrid song combining new English lyrics with extracts of the 19th century hymn "Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika" (, ) and the Afrikaans song "Die Stem van Suid-Afrika" (), which was formerly used as the South African national anthem from the late 1930s to the mid-1990s. The South African national anthem is often referred to by its incipit of "Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika", however this has never been its official title, which is simply "National anthem of South Africa". The fact that it shifts

title: National Anthem of The Mali Federation

text: National Anthem of The Mali Federation This curious and unknown national anthem was created by the Federation's Official Law in 18/06/1960. It has the music of the current National Anthem of Mali composed by Banzumana Sissoko (with an old intro and other notes) and lyrics of the current National Anthem of Senegal written by Léopold Sédar Senghor (slightly modified). After separation of the two countries, Mali kept the music (because the composer was from this country) and Senegal retained the lyrics of the Federation (which was written by who would be the first Senegalese President) but removing the name "Mali"

title: National Anthem of The Mali Federation

text: and others minor changes. National Anthem of The Mali Federation This curious and unknown national anthem was created by the Federation's Official Law in 18/06/1960. It has the music of the current National Anthem of Mali composed by Banzumana Sissoko (with an old intro and other notes) and lyrics of the current National Anthem of Senegal written by Léopold Sédar Senghor (slightly modified). After separation of the two countries, Mali kept the music (because the composer was from this country) and Senegal retained the lyrics of the Federation (which was written by who would be the first Senegalese President) but

title: National anthem of the Korean Empire

text: president Roh Moo-hyun during his visit to Hawaii. The republican lyrics are: While the copy appearing in the source appears markedly newer than the 1900s and calls it the "Korean national anthem" () instead of "Patriotic song of the Korean Empire" () as one would expect from a 1900s original, it clearly shows pre-1933 orthography (reproduced here) that was not used after the 1940s. National anthem of the Korean Empire The "Patriotic Hymn of the Great Korean Empire" (; ) was the national anthem of the Korean Empire, used during the early 20th century. It was the first national anthem

title: National anthem of the Korean Empire

text: National anthem of the Korean Empire The "Patriotic Hymn of the Great Korean Empire" (; ) was the national anthem of the Korean Empire, used during the early 20th century. It was the first national anthem of a unified Korean state. The national anthem was first commissioned by Emperor Gojong in 1901 and presented to the Korean court on 1 July 1902, by German composer Franz Eckert, who was the director of the Korean Empire's military band at the time. It was published in Germany in five different languages (Korean, German, English, Chinese, and French) and performed for the first

title: National Anthem of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia

text: National Anthem of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia The "National anthem of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia" (, "Himna Kraljevine Jugoslavije") was created in December 1918 from the national anthems of the Kingdom's main three constituent historical provinces: Croatia, Serbia and Slovenia. In those times the official authorities considered the three nations, Croats, Serbs, and Slovenes as one nation with three names. The official language was thus called the Serbo-Croato-Slovene language. Although a law on the national anthem did not exist, the anthems of all three South Slavic nations were unified into a single anthem of the Kingdom. It started with a

title: National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic

text: National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic The National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic (), also National Anthem of Kyrgyzstan, was adopted on 18 December 1992 by a resolution of the Supreme Council of Kyrgyzstan (Jogorku Kenesh). The music was composed by Nasyr Davlesov and Kalyi Moldobasanov, and the words were written by Jamil Sadykov and Eshmambet Kuluev. The anthem's music is typically played in A major. <poem>White-capped rocky cliffs and steppes Are equal to the soul of our people. For countless centuries, our fathers Have lived in and kept the Ala-Too. Long ago, our friendly people Completed and gave us

title: National Anthem Bill

text: National Anthem Bill The National Anthem Bill is a proposed law of Hong Kong to preserve the dignity of the "March of the Volunteers", national anthem of the People's Republic of China, so that the Hong Kong resident would respect the national anthem. It is proposed to implement the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the National Anthem (the National Anthem Law) by local legislation. The Hong Kong-Central Government relations grew tenser following the 2014 Hong Kong protests in which the protest moved from the street to football field. Since 2015, Hong Kong has seen a rise in

title: Festival Overture on the Danish National Anthem

text: Festival Overture on the Danish National Anthem During his time at the Moscow Conservatoire, around September 1866 the school's principal, Nikolay Rubinstein commissioned Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky to compose a Festival Overture on the Danish National Anthem to be played for the visit of the Tsarevich (heir to the throne) to Moscow, accompanied by his new Danish bride, Princess Dagmar of Denmark. The Tsarrevich would eventually be crowned Tsar Alexander III of Russia and remain a devoted follower of Tchaikovsky's music, awarding the composer both the Order of St. Vladimir (Fourth Class) in 1884 and a state pension in 1885. Tchaikovsky

title: The National Anthem (film)

text: The National Anthem (film) The National Anthem or Guoge (Chinese: 国歌) is a 1999 Chinese historical drama centered on the composition of "The March of the Volunteers", the theme song to the 1935 drama "Children of Troubled Times" which was later adopted as the national anthem of the People's Republic of China. The lyrics were composed by poet and playwright Tian Han (played by He Zhengjun) and set to music by the composer Nie Er (played by Chen Kun in his first role). The film is noteworthy for being told from the point of view of Tian, who fell from

title: State Anthem of the Republic of Adygea

text: State Anthem of the Republic of Adygea The State Anthem of the Republic of Adygea (; ) is one of the national symbols of the Republic of Adygea, a federal subject of Russia, along with its flag and coat of arms. The lyrics were written by Iskhak Mashbash and the music was composed by Umar Tkhabisimov. The anthem was approved by decision of the Supreme Council of Adygea on March 25, 1992. This was one of the first decisions made by the republic's parliament after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The anthem's key is usually played in B-flat minor.

title: National anthem

text: a world-renowned composer. Exceptions include Germany, whose anthem "Das Lied der Deutschen" uses a melody written by Joseph Haydn, and Austria, whose national anthem "Land der Berge, Land am Strome" is sometimes credited to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The "Anthem of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic" was composed by Aram Khachaturian. The music of the "Pontifical Anthem", anthem of the Vatican City, was composed in 1869 by Charles Gounod, for the golden jubilee of Pope Pius IX's priestly ordination. The committee charged with choosing a national anthem for Malaysia at independence decided to invite selected composers of international repute to submit

title: National anthem

text: radio and television stations have adopted this and play the national anthem when they sign on in the morning and again when they sign off at night. For instance, the national anthem of China is played before the broadcast of evening news on Hong Kong's local television stations including TVB Jade and ATV Home. In Colombia, it is a law to play the National Anthem at 6:00 and 18:00 on every public radio and television station, while in Thailand, "Phleng Chat" is played at 08:00 and 18:00 nationwide (the Royal Anthem is used for sign-ons and closedowns instead). The use

title: The National Anthem (Radiohead song)

text: A "marvellously squalling version" by the University of Arizona marching band was praised in the "Guardian". Lupe Fiasco has used a sample of the song on the mixtape "Enemy of the State: A Love Story" in the song "The National Anthem". The National Anthem (Radiohead song) "The National Anthem" is a song by the English rock band Radiohead released on their fourth studio album, "Kid A" (2000). The song is moored to a repetitive bassline, and develops in a direction influenced by jazz. It received polarised reviews from critics. Radiohead singer Thom Yorke wrote the "National Anthem" bassline when he

text: National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China The National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China (), also unofficially known as the "National Banner Song", is a patriotic song typically played during the raising and lowering of the flag of the Republic of China, commonly known as Taiwan. It is also played at international sporting events such as the World Baseball Classic and Olympic Games, where Taiwan participates officially under the name of Chinese Taipei. The song is thus considered to be in effect a secondary national anthem; Taiwanese citizens stand when it is performed and salute it as

title: National Anthem of Manchukuo

text: as: National Anthem of Manchukuo The National Anthem of Manchukuo was one of the many national symbols of independence and sovereignty created to foster a sense of legitimacy for Manchukuo in both an effort to secure international diplomatic recognition and to foster a sense of nationalism among its inhabitants. During Manchukuo's short 13-year existence, two national anthems were used. The National Anthem of Manchukuo was widely taught in schools and used in ceremonies in Manchukuo. The first national anthem was declared by State Council Decree No.4, dated 24 February "Dàtóng" 2 (1933) but publicized on March 1. The lyrics were

title: National Anthem of Manchukuo

text: National Anthem of Manchukuo The National Anthem of Manchukuo was one of the many national symbols of independence and sovereignty created to foster a sense of legitimacy for Manchukuo in both an effort to secure international diplomatic recognition and to foster a sense of nationalism among its inhabitants. During Manchukuo's short 13-year existence, two national anthems were used. The National Anthem of Manchukuo was widely taught in schools and used in ceremonies in Manchukuo. The first national anthem was declared by State Council Decree No.4, dated 24 February "Dàtóng" 2 (1933) but publicized on March 1. The lyrics were written

title: National Anthem of Colombia

text: National Anthem of Colombia The "National Anthem of the Republic of Colombia" () is the official name of the national anthem of Colombia. It is commonly known by its incipit "¡Oh gloria inmarcesible!" (), although this is not its official title. It is largely the creation of José Domingo Torres, an actor from Bogotá, who took a poem written by former Colombian president Rafael Núñez and asked a friend, opera singer Oreste Sindici, to set it to music. The official announcement of the song came in the form of Act 33 of October 28, 1920. The law 198 of 1995,

title: National Anthem of Bosnia and Herzegovina

text: National Anthem of Bosnia and Herzegovina "The National Anthem of Bosnia and Herzegovina" (Serbo-Croatian: "Državna himna Bosne i Hercegovine" / Државна химна Босне и Херцеговине) is the name of the official national anthem of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is one of the four national anthems in the world (along with Spain, San Marino, and Kosovo) to have no official lyrics. The national anthem was adopted on 25 June 1999, by the promulgation of the Law on the National Anthem of Bosnia and Herzegovina, replacing the previous national anthem, "Jedna si jedina", which excluded the country's Serb and Croat communities, this

title: National anthem of Mongolia

text: National anthem of Mongolia The national anthem of Mongolia () was created in 1950, composed by Bilegiin Damdinsüren and Luvsanjambyn Mördorj, and written by Tsendiin Damdinsüren. Over the 20th century, Mongolia had several national anthems. The first one was used between 1924 and 1950, and it is called the Mongolian Internationale. This is a significantly different version of The Internationale, with words by Sonombaljiryn Buyannemekh and music by Magsarjavyn Dugarjav. The second between 1950 and 1962, and a third one between 1961 and 1991. Since 1991, most of the state anthem of 1950 is used again, but the second verse

title: The National Anthem (film)

text: at the Huabiao Awards. It also won a special prize from the Golden Rooster Awards and best picture at the Hundred Flowers Awards. The National Anthem (film) The National Anthem or Guoge (Chinese: 国歌) is a 1999 Chinese historical drama centered on the composition of "The March of the Volunteers", the theme song to the 1935 drama "Children of Troubled Times" which was later adopted as the national anthem of the People's Republic of China. The lyrics were composed by poet and playwright Tian Han (played by He Zhengjun) and set to music by the composer Nie Er (played by

title: State Anthem of the Republic of Adygea

text: The last two lines in the chorus are repeated twice. State Anthem of the Republic of Adygea The State Anthem of the Republic of Adygea (; ) is one of the national symbols of the Republic of Adygea, a federal subject of Russia, along with its flag and coat of arms. The lyrics were written by Iskhak Mashbash and the music was composed by Umar Tkhabisimov. The anthem was approved by decision of the Supreme Council of Adygea on March 25, 1992. This was one of the first decisions made by the republic's parliament after the collapse of the Soviet

title: National Anthem of Chile

text: National Anthem of Chile The National Anthem of Chile () is also known as Canción Nacional (National Song). The song has a history of two lyrics and two melodies that made up three different versions. The current version was composed by Ramón Carnicer, with words by Eusebio Lillo, and has six parts plus the chorus. The first Chilean National Anthem dates back to 1819, when the government called for, on the 19th of July, the creation of music and lyrics for this purpose. The composer Manuel Robles and the poet Bernardo de Vera y Pintado fulfilled this mandate and their

title: National Anthem of Peru

text: National Anthem of Peru The "Himno Nacional del Perú" (; also known as "Marcha Nacional del Perú", or National March of Peru) is the national anthem of the Republic of Peru. The anthem was composed by José Bernardo Alcedo and its lyrics were written by José de la Torre Ugarte. After Peru declared its independence, the general José de San Martín began a public contest to select the "National March", which was published on 7 August 1821 in the ministerial gazette. The contest called upon professors of poetry, composers and general aficionados, to send their signed productions to the Ministry

title: National anthem of Norway

text: anthem. It came to be known as "Sønner av Norge" (originally "Sønner af Norge"), after its first stanza. "Sønner av Norge" was written by Henrik Anker Bjerregaard (1792–1842) and the melody by Christian Blom (1782–1861), after the Royal Norwegian Society for Development had announced a competition to write a national anthem for Norway in 1819. "Norsk Nationalsang" ("Sønner af Norge") was announced as the winner. "Blant alle Lande" (also called "Nordmandssang") by Ole Vig has also been used as a national anthem. Henrik Wergeland also wrote an anthem originally titled "Smaagutternes Nationalsang" ("The Young Boys' National Anthem"), and commonly known

title: National Anthem of Uruguay

text: 26, in 1848. The music was composed by Francisco José Debali with the collaboration of Fernando Quijano. It was first performed on July 19, 1845. The song was officially declared the national anthem on July 25, 1848. Only the first verse and chorus are sung on most occasions, such as before football games. National Anthem of Uruguay The "Himno Nacional de Uruguay" (), also known by its incipit "Orientales, la Patria o la Tumba", is the longest national anthem in terms of duration with 105 bars of music (about four-and-a-half to six minutes), though an abridged version is performed on

title: Paraguayan National Anthem

text: the chorus are sung on most occasions. Due to the song's length, the wordless introductory section and the latter half of the first verse are often omitted for brevity when the national anthem is played before a sporting event such as a soccer game. Paraguayan National Anthem The "Paraguayan National Anthem" (), also known alternatively by its chorus's incipit "Paraguayans, Republic or Death" (), is the national anthem of Paraguay. The lyrics were written by Francisco Acuña de Figueroa (who also wrote Orientales, la Patria o la tumba, the national anthem of Uruguay) under the presidency of Carlos Antonio López,

title: National anthem

text: become the official Dutch national anthem until 1932. The Japanese national anthem, "Kimigayo", has the oldest lyrics, which were taken from a Heian period (794–1185) poem, yet it was not set to music until 1880. The Philippine national anthem "Lupang Hinirang" was composed in 1898 as wordless incidental music for the ceremony declaring independence from the Spanish Empire. The Spanish poem "Filipinas" was written the following year to serve as the anthem's lyrics; the current Tagalog version dates to 1962. "God Save the Queen", the national anthem of the United Kingdom and the royal anthem reserved for use in the

title: National anthem of Norway

text: ceremonies following the 2011 Norway attacks. On the Norwegian Constitution Day in 2012, the NRK broadcast was opened with "Mitt lille land." In addition, Norway has an unofficial royal anthem, "Kongesangen", based on "God Save the King" and written in its modern form by Gustav Jensen. The psalm "Gud signe vårt dyre fedreland", written by Elias Blix and with a melody by Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse, is often referred to as Norway's "national psalm." National anthem of Norway Norway does not have an official national anthem, but over the last 200 years, a number of anthems have been commonly regarded