query: what country is vatican city in?

title: Telephone numbers in Vatican City

text: closed telephone dialing plan. The telecommunications provider of Vatican City is the Vatican Telephone Service (part of the Governorate’s Department of Telecommunications since 2002). Telephone numbers in Vatican City Telephone numbers in Vatican City are integrated into the Italian telephone numbering plan: ITU-T has assigned country code +379 to Vatican City, but this is not in use. Vatican telephone numbers are in the form of "+3906698xxxxx", "+39" being the country code for Italy and "06" the area code for Rome (the city surrounding Vatican City). There's no need to dial the country code for calls within Vatican City or between

title: Telephone numbers in Vatican City

text: Telephone numbers in Vatican City Telephone numbers in Vatican City are integrated into the Italian telephone numbering plan: ITU-T has assigned country code +379 to Vatican City, but this is not in use. Vatican telephone numbers are in the form of "+3906698xxxxx", "+39" being the country code for Italy and "06" the area code for Rome (the city surrounding Vatican City). There's no need to dial the country code for calls within Vatican City or between Italy and Vatican City, but the area code must always be dialed, as for any other call within Italy, since Italy is under a

title: Vatican City in World War II

text: Vatican City in World War II Vatican City pursued a policy of neutrality during World War II, under the leadership of Pope Pius XII. Although the city of Rome was occupied by Germany from 1943 and the Allies from 1944, Vatican City itself was not occupied. The Vatican organised extensive humanitarian aid throughout the duration of the conflict. The Lateran Treaty of 1929 with Italy recognized the sovereignty of Vatican City. It declared Vatican City a neutral country in international relations, and required the Pope to abstain from mediation unless requested by all parties. In 1939, the city state was

title: Vatican City

text: has no diplomatic service of its own. Because of space limitations, Vatican City is one of the few countries in the world that is unable to host embassies. Foreign embassies to the Holy See are located in the city of Rome; only during the Second World War were the staff of some embassies accredited to the Holy See given what hospitality was possible within the narrow confines of Vatican City—embassies such as that of the United Kingdom while Rome was held by the Axis Powers and Germany's when the Allies controlled Rome. The size of Vatican City is thus unrelated

title: Military in Vatican City

text: Military in Vatican City The Vatican City State is a neutral nation, which has not engaged in any war since its formation in 1929 by the Lateran Treaty. It has no formal military compact or agreement with neighbouring Italy, although responsibility for defending the Vatican City from an international aggressor is likely to lie primarily with the Italian Armed Forces. Although the Vatican City State has never been at war, its forces were exposed to military aggression when it was bombed during World War II, and whilst defending Vatican property in Rome during the same conflict. Although the former Papal

title: Transport in Vatican City

text: the basilica and surrounding buildings, and walkways behind and between the buildings. The Vatican City Heliport is in the western corner of the city-state, and is used only for officials of the Holy See and official visitors. Vatican City is served by Vatican City Heliport, sometimes used by official visitors. There is no public airport and visitors may use the two airports of Rome: Ciampino and Fiumicino. There is a short, 852 meter, standard gauge (4.7 ft.) railway that connects to surrounding Italy's network at the Saint Peter's station in the capital of Rome. Vatican City railway station was designed

title: Vatican City

text: the Catholic Church. The highest state functionaries are all Catholic clergy of various national origins. Since the return of the popes from Avignon in 1377, they have generally resided at the Apostolic Palace within what is now Vatican City, although at times residing instead in the Quirinal Palace in Rome or elsewhere. The Holy See dates back to early Christianity, and is the primate episcopal see of the Catholic Church, with 1.3 billion Catholics around the world distributed in the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches. The independent Vatican City-state, on the other hand, came into existence in 11

title: Vatican City

text: territory will be handed over to the Italian authorities if they take refuge in Vatican City or in buildings that enjoy immunity under the treaty. Vatican City has no prison system, apart from a few detention cells for pre-trial detention. People convicted of committing crimes in the Vatican serve terms in Italian prisons (Polizia Penitenziaria), with costs covered by the Vatican. Vatican City Vatican City (), officially Vatican City State (; ), is an independent city-state enclaved within Rome, Italy. Established with the Lateran Treaty (1929), it is distinct from yet under "full ownership, exclusive dominion, and sovereign authority and

title: Military in Vatican City

text: Noble Guard, the Palatine Guard, and the Papal Gendarmerie Corps) were retained, but restricted their activity to the Vatican in Rome. Upon the 1929 formation of the Vatican City State, a unique form of sovereignty was defined. Under this agreement sovereignty is vested in the much more ancient Holy See, which is an ecclesiastical jurisdiction; but that sovereignty is exercised over the actual nation state of the Vatican City, an area of 110 acres defined in a map appended to the treaty, together with certain other properties formally located within the Italian state, but granted extraterritoriality. The Vatican City State

title: Geography of Vatican City

text: Geography of Vatican City The geography of Vatican City is unique due to the country's position as an urban, landlocked enclave of Rome, Italy. With an area of , it is the world's smallest independent state. Outside the Vatican City, thirteen buildings in Rome and Castel Gandolfo (the pope's summer residence) enjoy extraterritorial rights. (One building, the Paul VI Audience Hall, straddles the border, but its Italian portion has extraterritorial rights.) The country contains no major natural resources, and no known natural hazards other than those that affect Rome in general, such as earthquakes. The city state has the same

title: Geography of Vatican City

text: Forest in Hungary. The forest was to be sized to offset the year's carbon dioxide emissions. Geography of Vatican City The geography of Vatican City is unique due to the country's position as an urban, landlocked enclave of Rome, Italy. With an area of , it is the world's smallest independent state. Outside the Vatican City, thirteen buildings in Rome and Castel Gandolfo (the pope's summer residence) enjoy extraterritorial rights. (One building, the Paul VI Audience Hall, straddles the border, but its Italian portion has extraterritorial rights.) The country contains no major natural resources, and no known natural hazards other

title: Vatican City

text: police and museum guard teams. Vatican City has a reasonably well-developed transport network considering its size (consisting mostly of a piazza and walkways). A state that is long and wide, it has a small transportation system with no airports or highways. The only aviation facility in Vatican City is the Vatican City Heliport. Vatican City is one of the few independent countries without an airport, and is served by the airports that serve the city of Rome, Leonardo da Vinci-Fiumicino Airport, and to a lesser extent Ciampino Airport. There is a standard gauge railway, mainly used to transport freight, connected

title: Vatican City

text: Vatican City Vatican City (), officially Vatican City State (; ), is an independent city-state enclaved within Rome, Italy. Established with the Lateran Treaty (1929), it is distinct from yet under "full ownership, exclusive dominion, and sovereign authority and jurisdiction" of the Holy See (). With an area of 44 hectares (110 acres), and a population of about 1,000, it is the smallest state in the world by both area and population. The Vatican City is an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state (a type of theocracy) ruled by the pope who is, religiously speaking, the bishop of Rome and head of

title: Military in Vatican City

text: to 1970. In September 1943, when German troops occupied Rome in response to Italy's conclusion of an armistice with the Allies, the Palatine Guard was charged with protecting Vatican City, various Vatican properties in Rome, and the pope's summer villa at Castel Gandolfo. The guardsmen patrolled the walls, gardens, and courtyards of Vatican City, and stood guard at the entrances to papal buildings around Rome. On more than one occasion this service resulted in violent confrontations with Italian fascist police units working with the German authorities to arrest political refugees who were hiding in buildings protected by the Vatican. In

title: Vatican City

text: State. The City's postal service is sometimes said to be "the best in the world", and faster than the postal service in Rome. The Vatican also controls its own Internet TLD, which is registered as (.va). Broadband service is widely provided within Vatican City. Vatican City has also been given a radio ITU prefix, HV, and this is sometimes used by amateur radio operators. Vatican Radio, which was organized by Guglielmo Marconi, broadcasts on short-wave, medium-wave and FM frequencies and on the Internet. Its main transmission antennae are located in Italian territory, and exceed Italian environmental protection levels of emission.

title: Rail transport in Vatican City

text: needed. Before passing through the Vatican City walls and terminating in the Vatican City railway station, the line passes under an arch decorated with the Coat of Arms of Pope Pius XI with a two-piece 35.5 ton iron gate which slides into the recesses of the Vatican walls. The gate is closed when there is no traffic scheduled on the line. The railway has two tracks (partly located in Rome, outside the gateway), but only one is served by a station platform. Two dead-end loading tracks, for freight wagons, are situated on the northwest side of the building. They are

title: Rail transport in Vatican City

text: Morton as "more like a branch of the Barclay Bank in London." The station building is composed of white marble, and its dimensions are . The central body is tall and the lateral ones tall. Part of the station building continues in use as passenger station and goods (rail freight) office, whilst part now houses the Vatican numismatic and philatelic museum. The railway station also houses the small Vatican tax-free department store, a private facility open only to Vatican subjects and diplomats. The Vatican City State Railway branches off from the Rome to Viterbo railway line at the Roma San

title: Vatican City

text: to Italy's network at Rome's Saint Peter's station by an spur, of which is within Vatican territory. Pope John XXIII was the first Pope to make use of the railway; Pope John Paul II rarely used it. The closest metro station is Ottaviano – San Pietro – Musei Vaticani. The City is served by an independent, modern telephone system named the Vatican Telephone Service, and a postal system that started operating on 13 February 1929. On 1 August, the state started to release its own postal stamps, under the authority of the Philatelic and Numismatic Office of the Vatican City

title: Vatican City

text: established the independent state of Vatican City and reaffirmed the special status of Catholicism in Italy. The Holy See, which ruled Vatican City, pursued a policy of neutrality during World War II, under the leadership of Pope Pius XII. Although German troops occupied the city of Rome after the September 1943 Armistice of Cassibile, and the Allies from 1944, they respected Vatican City as neutral territory. One of the main diplomatic priorities of the bishop of Rome was to prevent the bombing of the city; so sensitive was the pontiff that he protested even the British air dropping of pamphlets

title: Vatican City

text: and is supported financially by the sale of stamps, coins, medals and tourist mementos; by fees for admission to museums; and by publications sales. The incomes and living standards of lay workers are comparable to those of counterparts who work in the city of Rome. Other industries include printing, the production of mosaics, and the manufacture of staff uniforms. There is a Vatican Pharmacy. The Institute for Works of Religion (IOR, "Istituto per le Opere di Religione"), also known as the Vatican Bank, is a financial agency situated in the Vatican that conducts worldwide financial activities. It has multilingual ATMs

title: Rail transport in Vatican City

text: workers or registered any rolling stock. All locomotives, carriages, and wagons (including those which currently convey goods into the Vatican) belong to the Italian Railways (FS). In 2007, Fiat donated a New Holland Agriculture tractor to the Pope. The tractor is normally parked at the end of the station platform, where it can be used for shunting duties instead of a locomotive. Pius IX's official train from the time of the Papal States remains on display at the Museum of Rome, housed in the Palazzo Braschi. Rail transport in Vatican City The Vatican Railway () was opened in 1934 to

title: Rail transport in Vatican City

text: September 1934, on which date the property passed from "Ferrovie dello Stato" (Italian State Railways) to the Holy See. In October 1934 the Ministry of Public Works gave the completed rail lines to Vatican City and Ferrovie dello Stato, respectively. "Legge sulle fonti del diritto" (7 June 1929) made Italian railway legislation binding on Vatican-controlled railways. In late March 1944, during the allied bombing of Rome in World War II, the Vatican discovered a German munitions train parked on the line by the Vatican railway station. Pope John XXIII, on 4 October 1962, became the first pope to use the

title: Vicar General for Vatican City

text: Rome. Vicar General for Vatican City The Vicar General for Vatican City, more formally the Vicar General of His Holiness for Vatican City, is the vicar general for the part of the Diocese of Rome that lies within Vatican City. He is appointed by the Pope. As vicar general, he is the highest official for the ecclesiastical administration, spiritual and material, of the area entrusted to him. Since this area has very few residents, his responsibility concerns primarily visitors to the Vatican. The parallel responsibility for the main part of the Diocese of Rome is entrusted to the Vicar General

title: Vicar General for Vatican City

text: Vicar General for Vatican City The Vicar General for Vatican City, more formally the Vicar General of His Holiness for Vatican City, is the vicar general for the part of the Diocese of Rome that lies within Vatican City. He is appointed by the Pope. As vicar general, he is the highest official for the ecclesiastical administration, spiritual and material, of the area entrusted to him. Since this area has very few residents, his responsibility concerns primarily visitors to the Vatican. The parallel responsibility for the main part of the Diocese of Rome is entrusted to the Vicar General for

title: Culture of Vatican City

text: phones inside the basilica is also prohibited, as is smoking. The Vatican is a ministate, with only one restaurant and the food there is very similar to Italian cuisine, especially Roman cuisine. Workers in the Vatican provide many customers to restaurants in the rest of Rome. "Eggplant with Parmesan of the Swiss Guards", a mixture containing eggplant, parmesan and spices, is supposedly one distinctive dish. Culture of Vatican City Vatican City is itself of great cultural significance. Buildings such as St. Peter's Basilica and the Sistine Chapel are home to some of the most famous art in the world, which

title: Vatican City in World War II

text: value in it. After the American entry, the US opposed such a bombing, fearful of offending Catholic members of its military forces, while the British then supported it. Pius XII similarly advocated for the declaration of Rome as an "open city", but this occurred only on 14 August 1943, after Rome had already been bombed twice. Although the Italians consulted the Vatican on the wording of the open city declaration, the impetus for the change had little to do with the Vatican. After the Italian surrender, Allied prisoners guarded by Italians were released, and many headed for Vatican City. The

title: Transport in Vatican City

text: Transport in Vatican City The transportation system in Vatican City, a country 1.05 km long and 0.85 km wide, is a small transportation system with no airports or highways. There is no public transport in the country. A heliport and a short railway is used for special occasions only. Most visitors will walk from a nearby Italian bus or train stop, or car parking. Given an average walking speed of 3.6 km/h, Vatican City can be crossed in 20 minutes or less. Thus, much of the infrastructure in the Vatican consists of St. Peter's Square itself, hallways and aisles in

title: Cannabis in Vatican City

text: as of 2019. Cannabis in Vatican City Cannabis in Vatican City (in Italian and ) is illegal for any use, cultivation and production. Recreational use of marijuana has been known of and forbidden by the Popes for centuries, for its intoxifying effects and historical association with sorcery; Pope Francis has upheld the traditional prohibition, both in Catholic theology and the law of Vatican City as a country. Due to the very small size of the city-state at 0.44 km (0.17 square miles), there is regardless no space for the cultivation of marijuana; the only arable land in the country is

title: Cannabis in Vatican City

text: Cannabis in Vatican City Cannabis in Vatican City (in Italian and ) is illegal for any use, cultivation and production. Recreational use of marijuana has been known of and forbidden by the Popes for centuries, for its intoxifying effects and historical association with sorcery; Pope Francis has upheld the traditional prohibition, both in Catholic theology and the law of Vatican City as a country. Due to the very small size of the city-state at 0.44 km (0.17 square miles), there is regardless no space for the cultivation of marijuana; the only arable land in the country is the private Gardens

title: Transport in Vatican City

text: in general, downgraded the Papal vehicles (reminiscent of his preference for public transport as Archbishop). He drives himself inside the Vatican in a small, 1984 Renault 4, and has ditched the bulletproof Popemobile. Transport in Vatican City The transportation system in Vatican City, a country 1.05 km long and 0.85 km wide, is a small transportation system with no airports or highways. There is no public transport in the country. A heliport and a short railway is used for special occasions only. Most visitors will walk from a nearby Italian bus or train stop, or car parking. Given an average

title: Women in Vatican City

text: bestowed by the Pope; it is not a separate, fourth degree of Holy Orders, along with deacon, priest, and Bishop, though it ranks above them, so theoretically, the laws could be amended to allow for women to be Cardinals, though that is very unlikely currently. Members of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, which forms the legislature of Vatican City, are appointed by the Pope and must be cardinals. As women are unable to vote, or hold any executive or legislative position in either the City State or the Holy See, Vatican City is the only country remaining with

title: Vatican City

text: territory) or on "jus soli" (birth within the territory of the state), citizenship of Vatican City is granted "jus officii", namely on the grounds of appointment to work in a certain capacity in the service of the Holy See. It usually ceases upon cessation of the appointment. Citizenship is extended also to the spouse, parents and descendants of a citizen, provided they are living with the person who is a citizen. The Holy See, not being a country, issues only diplomatic and service passports, whereas Vatican City issues normal passports for its citizens. Anyone who loses Vatican citizenship and does

title: Vatican City

text: City were citizens. There was a total of 572 Vatican citizens, of whom 352 were not residents, mainly apostolic nuncios and diplomatic staff. , there were about 30 female citizens. More wine is drunk per person in the Vatican City than in any other country in the world, according to statistics released by the California Wine Institute. The figures show that residents of the Vatican consume 74 litres of wine on average – roughly equivalent to 105 bottles over the course of a year. That amount is around double the amount drunk by the average person in France or Italy

title: Women in Vatican City

text: no voting or electoral rights for women. Vatican City is one of two sovereign states that do not allow divorce, the other being the Republic of the Philippines. Vatican City is one of six countries worldwide that ban abortion completely, even if the mother's life is in danger. In September 2016, the High Authority of the Vatican approved the creation of "Donne in Vaticano", the first women-only association of the Vatican. The members of the association are journalists, theologians, and economists. Women in Vatican City Women comprise approximately 5% of the citizenry of Vatican City. According to the "Herald Sun"

title: Gardens of Vatican City

text: Gardens of Vatican City The Gardens of Vatican City (), also informally known as the Vatican Gardens () in Vatican City, are private urban gardens and parks which cover more than half of the country, located in the west of the territory and owned by the Pope. There are some buildings, such as Radio Vatican and the Governor's Palace, within the gardens. The gardens cover approximately which is most of the Vatican Hill. The highest point is above mean sea level. Stone walls bound the area in the North, South and West. The gardens and parks were established during the

title: Tourism in Vatican City

text: Italy in the mid-19th century, Vatican City is the only papal state that has survived. As of 1929, because of the Lateran Treaty, the Vatican is recognized as its own independent state, the smallest in the world in population and land size, with a population of just over 800 people in July 2011. The Pope is not only the head of the Catholic religion but also head of state for Vatican City. Since the Vatican is located in Italy, the main language of the Vatican state (or Vatican City) is Italian. Tourists are able to visit the Vatican's museums for

title: Cannabis in Vatican City

text: of Vatican City. Smoking or otherwise consuming or distributing cannabis within the borders of the city-state is cause for arrest by the Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City. As a result of these laws, the only pharmacy in the Vatican City, the Vatican Pharmacy, does not provide nor sell any sort of cannabis or derivative products and pharmaceuticals. Given that the Pope is the Supreme Pontiff of the Holy See, whose secular territory includes the Vatican City State as an absolute monarchy he rules as Sovereign, legislation concerning cannabis is dictated by the positions of the Pope himself according to

title: Culture of Vatican City

text: Culture of Vatican City Vatican City is itself of great cultural significance. Buildings such as St. Peter's Basilica and the Sistine Chapel are home to some of the most famous art in the world, which includes works by artists such as Botticelli, Bernini and Michelangelo. The Vatican Library and the collections of the Vatican Museums are of the highest historical, scientific and cultural importance. In 1984, the Vatican was added by UNESCO to the List of World Heritage Sites; it is the only one to consist of an entire country. The Vatican can be said to be the de facto

title: Military in Vatican City

text: Vatican City State; finally, in 2002 its policing role was redefined, and it was given its current name of Gendarmerie Corps of Vatican City State, a title which links it back to its original military foundation. The military unit's elaborate ceremonial uniforms continued in use until 1970. These have been simplified, and its structures are all now those of a civilian police service, with modern uniforms and equipment. However, the civilian corps does retain some ceremonial functions, including the provision of the Vatican City State's ceremonial marching band. Military in Vatican City The Vatican City State is a neutral nation,

title: Tourism in Vatican City

text: Tourism in Vatican City Vatican City, a quarter of a square mile (0.44 km) in area, is a popular destination for tourists, especially Catholics wishing to see the Pope or to celebrate their faith. The main tourist attractions in Vatican City include the Basilica of St. Peter, Saint Peter's Square, the Vatican Museums, the Sistine Chapel, and the Raphael Rooms. The largest numbers of pilgrims visit Vatican City at special moments in the liturgical year, such as Christmas or Easter, or during important periods such as the proclamation of a holy year or the funeral and election of a pope.

title: Vatican City

text: These organs concentrate on material questions concerning the state's territory, including local security, records, transportation, and finances. The Governorate oversees a modern security and police corps, the "Corpo della Gendarmeria dello Stato della Città del Vaticano". Judicial functions are delegated to a supreme court, an appellate court, a tribunal (Tribunal of Vatican City State), and a trial judge. At the Vatican's request, sentences imposed can be served in Italy (see the section on crime, below). The international postal country code prefix is "SCV", and the only postal code is "00120" – altogether "SCV-00120". As the Vatican City is an enclave

title: Women in Vatican City

text: stay" in Vatican City. In the past, women were not allowed to open a bank account in Vatican City, but, during the leadership of Pope John Paul II and Pope Benedict XVI, the value of women in the city was highlighted. One of Pope Benedict XVI's assistant editors and confidential adviser was a woman. Her name is Ingrid Stampa. On April 21, 2013, "The Telegraph" reported that Pope Francis will be appointing "more women to key Vatican" positions. In addition to this, the "L'Osservatore Romano" - the daily newspaper in Vatican City - is now publishing supplementary pages that address

title: Transport in Vatican City

text: registered in Vatican City use the prefix "SCV" (standing for State of the City of Vatican) followed by a series of digits, while vehicle registration plates of residential road vehicles registered in Vatican City use the prefix "CV" followed by a series of digits. The international identification plate/sticker is V. The Pope's car has usually carried the registration "SCV 1" in red lettering. As there is more than one vehicle used to transport the Pope, multiple registered vehicles in Vatican City use the "SCV 1" registration plate. Pope Francis, who called for a more frugal lifestyle for the Catholic clergy

title: Tourism in Vatican City

text: spreading pictures or other forms of information inside of the Chapel via mobile devices. This also prevents information from being leaked about the cardinals' decision as to who the new pope will be. Tourism in Vatican City Vatican City, a quarter of a square mile (0.44 km) in area, is a popular destination for tourists, especially Catholics wishing to see the Pope or to celebrate their faith. The main tourist attractions in Vatican City include the Basilica of St. Peter, Saint Peter's Square, the Vatican Museums, the Sistine Chapel, and the Raphael Rooms. The largest numbers of pilgrims visit Vatican

title: Vatican City

text: title with regard to Vatican City is "Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City". Pope Francis, born Jorge Mario Bergoglio in Buenos Aires, Argentina, was elected on 13 March 2013. His principal subordinate government official for Vatican City as well as the country's head of government is the President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, who since 1952 exercises the functions previously belonging to the Governor of Vatican City. Since 2001, the president of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State also has the title of president of the Governorate of the State of Vatican City. The

title: Crime in Vatican City

text: per capita, with 608 penal offences or 1.33 per capita. The "Corpo della Gendarmeria dello Stato della Città del Vaticano" () is the gendarmerie, or police and security force, of Vatican City and the extraterritorial properties of the Holy See. The corps is responsible for security, public order, border control, traffic control, criminal investigation, and other general police duties in Vatican City including providing security for the pope outside of Vatican City. The corps has 130 personnel and is a part of the Security and Civil Defence Services Department (which also includes the Vatican Fire Brigade), an organ of the

title: Vatican City

text: first used in the Lateran Treaty, signed on 11 February 1929, which established the modern city-state. The name is taken from Vatican Hill, the geographic location of the state. "Vatican" is derived from the name of an Etruscan settlement, "Vatica" or "Vaticum" meaning garden, located in the general area the Romans called "vaticanus ager", "Vatican territory". The official Italian name of the city is ' or, more formally, ', meaning "Vatican City State". Although the Holy See (which is distinct from the Vatican City) and the Catholic Church use Ecclesiastical Latin in official documents, the Vatican City officially uses Italian.

title: Vatican City

text: order, border control, traffic control, criminal investigation, and other general police duties in Vatican City including providing security for the Pope outside of Vatican City. The corps has 130 personnel and is a part of the Directorate for Security Services and Civil Defence (which also includes the Vatican Fire Brigade), an organ of the Governorate of Vatican City. Vatican City State is a recognized national territory under international law, but it is the Holy See that conducts diplomatic relations on its behalf, in addition to the Holy See's own diplomacy, entering into international agreements in its regard. Vatican City thus

title: Women in Vatican City

text: City was one of the daughters of an electrician, who later got married and "lost her right to live" in the city. Another woman who lives in Vatican City was Magdalena Wolińska-Riedi, who is a Polish translator and wife of one of the Swiss Guards. Among the women who have citizenship in Vatican City, there is one officer in the military, two teachers (one teaches in high school, the other teaches in kindergarten), and one academic. Women obtain Vatican City citizenship by marriage (as a baptized Catholic) to their husbands; however such citizenship "lasts only for the duration of their

title: Crime in Vatican City

text: Governorate of Vatican City. In accordance with article 3 of the 1929 Lateran Treaty between the Holy See and Italy, St. Peter's Square, although part of the Vatican City State, is normally patrolled by the Italian police, up to but not including the steps leading to the basilica. Article 22 of the Lateran Treaty provides that the Italian government, when requested by the Holy See, seeks prosecution and detention of criminal suspects, at the expense of the Vatican. The Vatican has no prison system, apart from a few cells for pre-trial detention. People sentenced to imprisonment by the Vatican serve

title: LGBT rights in Vatican City

text: LGBT rights in Vatican City The legal code regarding homosexuality in the Vatican City is based on the Italian penal code of 1929, the time of the founding of the sovereign state of the Vatican City. From 1929 to 2008, the Vatican City automatically adopted most Italian laws; however, it was announced in late 2008 that the Vatican would no longer automatically adopt new Italian laws as its own. There are no criminal laws against non-commercial, private, adult and consensual same-sex sexual activity. Since 2013, the age of consent is 18 years old, except for sex within marriage, in which

title: LGBT rights in Vatican City

text: the spread of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. LGBT rights in Vatican City The legal code regarding homosexuality in the Vatican City is based on the Italian penal code of 1929, the time of the founding of the sovereign state of the Vatican City. From 1929 to 2008, the Vatican City automatically adopted most Italian laws; however, it was announced in late 2008 that the Vatican would no longer automatically adopt new Italian laws as its own. There are no criminal laws against non-commercial, private, adult and consensual same-sex sexual activity. Since 2013, the age of consent is 18 years old, except

title: Women in Vatican City

text: Women in Vatican City Women comprise approximately 5% of the citizenry of Vatican City. According to the "Herald Sun" in March 2011, there were only 32 females out of 572 citizens issued with Vatican passports. One of them was a nun. On February 26, 2013, "Worldcrunch" reported that there were around 30 women who were citizens of Vatican City. In 2003, "Worldcrunch" had reported that there were 2 South American women, 3 Swiss women, 2 Polish women, and some Italian women. As of February 2013, the majority of the women were from Italy. Among the women who lived in Vatican

title: Crime in Vatican City

text: Crime in Vatican City Crime in the Vatican City consists largely of purse snatching, pick-pocketing and shoplifting by tourists. The tourist foot-traffic in St. Peter's Square is one of the main locations for pickpockets in Vatican City. The Vatican's small size results in a few statistical oddities. There are 18 million visitors to the state each year, and the most common crime is petty theft — purse snatching, pick-pocketing and shoplifting, perpetrated — and suffered — by outsiders. Based on a population of 455 in 1992, the 397 civil offences in that year represent a crime rate of 0.87 crimes

title: Vatican City

text: of a non-hereditary monarchy. Vatican City is one of the few widely recognized independent states that has not become a member of the United Nations. The Holy See, which is distinct from Vatican City State, has permanent observer status with all the rights of a full member except for a vote in the UN General Assembly. The government of Vatican City has a unique structure. The pope is the sovereign of the state. Legislative authority is vested in the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, a body of cardinals appointed by the pope for five-year periods. Executive power is in

title: Rail transport in Vatican City

text: Rail transport in Vatican City The Vatican Railway () was opened in 1934 to serve Vatican City and its only station, Vatican City (' , or ' ). The main rail tracks are standard gauge and long, with two freight sidings, making it the shortest national railway system in the world. Access to the Italian rail network is over a viaduct to Roma San Pietro railway station, and is guaranteed by the Lateran Treaty dating from 1929. The tracks and station were constructed during the reign of Pope Pius XI, shortly after the treaty. Beginning in 2015, one passenger service

title: Military in Vatican City

text: within the Papal States until their abolition, and then continued to function at the Vatican with a limited mounted escort role. It survived (no longer with horses) into the period of the Vatican City State, as a "de facto" Vatican military unit from 1929 to 1970. During World War Two members of the unit mounted guard outside the papal apartments by night and day, and guardsmen armed with pistols provided close protection to Pope Pius XII when he took his daily walks in the Vatican Gardens. During its period as a Vatican City State military unit, the Noble Guard never

title: Vatican City Heliport

text: Vatican City Heliport Vatican City Heliport (, ) consists of a rectangular concrete landing area linked with a circular parking area. It is used for short journeys from or to Vatican City by the pope and visiting heads of state. The heliport is at above sea level, in the French-style portion of the Vatican Gardens, and is referred to also as a helipad. It is situated in the westernmost bastion of the Leonine Wall, which marks the westernmost point of Vatican City State. It was constructed in 1976 under Pope Paul VI (1963–1978), facilitating transfers between Vatican City and the

title: Rail transport in Vatican City

text: wagons. Pope Francis's desire to open the Church's treasures to the public has resulted in a weekly special train from Vatican City Station that is open to the public and is provided by the Vatican Museums and the Italian railway. The Vatican City railway station (in Italian, "Stazione Città del Vaticano" or "Stazione Vaticana") is the only railway station of the Vatican Railway. It was built approximately from the Entrance Gateway by architect Giuseppe Momo. Construction began on 3 April 1929, and the station began operation in 1933. Its simple white, Italian marble design was described by writer H. V.

title: Vatican City

text: Vatican City, which became effective on 1 March. It replaced the 1929 "Law concerning citizenship and residence". There are 16 articles in the new law, whereas the old law had 33 articles. It updated the old law by incorporating changes made after 1929, such as the 1940 granting of Vatican City citizenship, "durante munere", to the members of the Holy See's diplomatic service. It also created a new category, that of official Vatican "residents", i.e., people living in Vatican City; these are not necessarily Vatican citizens. On 1 March 2011, only 220 of the over 800 people living in Vatican

title: Military in Vatican City

text: role as a bodyguard, with a limited ceremonial role, and survived into the period of the Vatican City State, as a "de facto" Vatican military unit from 1929. The Swiss Guard continues to fulfil the bodyguard function, and provides security at the Apostolic Palace and the Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo. In cooperation with the Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City it also controls access to the entrances to the city-state. Since the attempted assassination of the Pope in 1981 the Swiss Guard has undertaken more rigorous training, and a far more active security role, alongside its traditional ceremonial duties.

title: Vatican City Championship

text: Vatican City Championship The Vatican City Championship () is the top men's association football league of Vatican City. Founded in 1972 as the Coppa Amicizia, teams are composed of workers representing various state departments. Teams are permitted to field an outside player from Italian amateur teams to play as goalkeeper. The league's best players are combined to form the Vatican City national team for rare friendly matches. The Vatican football association, Federazione Vaticanese Giuoco Calcio, is not a member of FIFA and is overseen by its president Domenico Ruggerio as of May 2014. All matches are played at the Associazione

title: Vatican City

text: within Italy, its military defence is provided by the Italian armed forces. However, there is no formal defence treaty with Italy, as the Vatican City is a neutral state. Vatican City has no armed forces of its own, although the Swiss Guard is a military corps of the Holy See responsible for the personal security of the Pope, and resident in the state. Soldiers of the Swiss Guard are entitled to hold Vatican City State passports and nationality. Swiss mercenaries were historically recruited by Popes as part of an army for the Papal States, and the Pontifical Swiss Guard was

title: Capital punishment in Vatican City

text: City in 1969, along with other adaptations, four years after closing the Second Vatican Council, announcing the change only in the August 1969 issue of the "Gazette", which is published in Latin. The change came to public attention only in January 1971 after reporters accused Paul VI of hypocrisy for his criticisms of planned executions in Spain and the Soviet Union. Capital punishment in Vatican City Capital punishment in Vatican City was legal between 1929 and 1969, reserved for attempted assassination of the Pope, but has never been applied there. Executions were carried out elsewhere in the Papal States during

title: Vatican City

text: For this reason, the Vatican Radio has been sued. Television services are provided through another entity, the Vatican Television Center. "L'Osservatore Romano" is the multilingual semi-official newspaper of the Holy See. It is published by a private corporation under the direction of Roman Catholic laymen, but reports on official information. However, the official texts of documents are in the "Acta Apostolicae Sedis", the official gazette of the Holy See, which has an appendix for documents of the Vatican City State. Vatican Radio, the Vatican Television Center, and L'Osservatore Romano are organs not of the Vatican State but of the Holy

title: Tourism in Vatican City

text: Tourism is one of the principal sources of revenue in the economy of Vatican City. In 2007 about 4.3 million tourists visited the Vatican Museums alone. Tourism is the main cause of the Vatican's unusually high crime rate: tourists are blamed for various minor thefts and incidents. The Vatican was built during the year 326 A.D. As the population and housing grew, the first palace was built during the 5th century under the reign of Pope Symmachus (498–514). Under the Holy Roman Empire, the Papal States grew to include a large portion of central Italy. But since the unification of

title: Vatican City Championship

text: was created in 1985. It was renamed the Coppa Sergio Valci in 1994. The Vatican Supercoppa began in 2005 and sees the winner of the Campeonato della Citta Vaticano face the Coppa ACDV winners. Vatican City Championship The Vatican City Championship () is the top men's association football league of Vatican City. Founded in 1972 as the Coppa Amicizia, teams are composed of workers representing various state departments. Teams are permitted to field an outside player from Italian amateur teams to play as goalkeeper. The league's best players are combined to form the Vatican City national team for rare friendly

title: Vatican City

text: the Swiss Guard. Most of the 2,400 lay workers who comprise the majority of the Vatican workforce reside outside the Vatican and are citizens of Italy, while a few are citizens of other nations. As a result, all of the City's actual citizens are Catholic as are all the places of worship. Vatican City has no formally enacted official language, but, unlike the Holy See which most often uses Latin for the authoritative version of its official documents, Vatican City uses only Italian in its legislation and official communications. Italian is also the everyday language used by most of those

title: Rail transport in Vatican City

text: San Pietro" station) between Piazza Santa Marta and the Governor's Palace, Vatican. The construction of the viaduct leading to Vatican City was paid for by the Italian government; the station within the Vatican was financed from the ₤750 million indemnity agreed to in the Lateran Treaty's financial section. The total cost of construction was reported to be ₤24 million. The station building (see below) was constructed between 1929 and 1933. The first locomotive entered the Vatican in March 1932. The station was opened officially on 2 October 1934. A Railway Convention was ratified between Italy and Vatican City on 12

title: Vatican City

text: comes from the Latin "", meaning Vatican Mount. The territory of Vatican City is part of the "Mons Vaticanus", and of the adjacent former Vatican Fields. It is in this territory that St. Peter's Basilica, the Apostolic Palace, the Sistine Chapel, and museums were built, along with various other buildings. The area was part of the Roman "rione" of Borgo until 1929. Being separated from the city, on the west bank of the river Tiber, the area was an outcrop of the city that was protected by being included within the walls of Leo IV (847–855), and later expanded by

title: Women in Vatican City

text: shoulders and the knees. No elections are held in Vatican City, and consequently, neither male nor female citizens or residents have voting rights. The Pope, who serves as the head of state, is elected by the College of Cardinals of the Catholic Church. The College is part of the Holy See, which forms a separate sovereign entity from Vatican City. Cardinals in the Catholic Church are required, as of now, to be male, with voting Cardinals generally always Bishops, and only men are eligible to be elected Pope. With that being said, however, the cardinalate is a privilege and office

title: Vatican City

text: main locations for pickpockets in Vatican City. If crimes are committed in Saint Peter's Square, the perpetrators may be arrested and tried by the Italian authorities, since that area is normally patrolled by Italian police. Under the terms of article 22 of the Lateran Treaty, Italy will, at the request of the Holy See, punish individuals for crimes committed within Vatican City and will itself proceed against the person who committed the offense, if that person takes refuge in Italian territory. Persons accused of crimes recognized as such both in Italy and in Vatican City that are committed in Italian

title: Vatican City

text: are equipped with small arms and the traditional halberd (also called the Swiss voulge), and trained in bodyguarding tactics. The Palatine Guard and the Noble Guard, the last armed forces of the Vatican City State, were disbanded by Pope Paul VI in 1970. As Vatican City has listed every building in its territory on the International Register of Cultural Property under Special Protection, the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict theoretically renders it immune to armed attack. Civil defence is the responsibility of the Corps of Firefighters of the Vatican City State,

title: Vatican City

text: to the large global reach exercised by the Holy See as an entity quite distinct from the state. However, Vatican City State itself participates in some international organizations whose functions relate to the state as a geographical entity, distinct from the non-territorial legal persona of the Holy See. These organizations are much less numerous than those in which the Holy See participates either as a member or with observer status. They include the following eight, in each of which Vatican City State holds membership: It also participates in: The Vatican City State budget includes the Vatican Museums and post office

title: Vatican City Heliport

text: serves—in urgent cases—the Bambino Gesù Hospital to transport patients, personnel, and medical equipment. The helicopter now used for the pope is an AgustaWestland AW139 of the Italian Air Force. Initially and until 2012, a Sikorsky SH-3D was used. Vatican City Heliport Vatican City Heliport (, ) consists of a rectangular concrete landing area linked with a circular parking area. It is used for short journeys from or to Vatican City by the pope and visiting heads of state. The heliport is at above sea level, in the French-style portion of the Vatican Gardens, and is referred to also as a

title: Vatican City

text: See, and are listed as such in the Annuario Pontificio, which places them in the section "Institutions linked with the Holy See", ahead of the sections on the Holy See's diplomatic service abroad and the Diplomatic corps accredited to the Holy See, after which is placed the section on the State of Vatican City. In 2008, the Vatican began an "ecological island" for renewable waste and has continued the initiative throughout the papacy of Francis. Crime in Vatican City consists largely of purse snatching, pickpocketing and shoplifting by outsiders. The tourist foot-traffic in St. Peter's Square is one of the

title: Capital punishment in Vatican City

text: Italian legal code (concerning attempted assassinations of the King of Italy), providing for capital punishment for anyone who attempted to assassinate the pope within Vatican City. Article 8 of the Lateran Treaty provides: There were no attempted assassinations of the pope within Vatican City while the statute was on the books. It was no longer in force in 1981, when Mehmet Ali Ağca attempted to assassinate Pope John Paul II, and in any case Ağca was tried by an Italian court rather than in the Vatican. Pope Paul VI removed the capital punishment statute from the "fundamental law" of Vatican

title: Vatican City

text: as a whole, and triple the quantity consumed in the UK. Vatican City is home to some of the most famous art in the world. St. Peter's Basilica, whose successive architects include Bramante, Michelangelo, Giacomo della Porta, Maderno and Bernini, is a renowned work of Renaissance architecture. The Sistine Chapel is famous for its frescos, which include works by Perugino, Domenico Ghirlandaio and Botticelli as well as the ceiling and Last Judgment by Michelangelo. Artists who decorated the interiors of the Vatican include Raphael and Fra Angelico. The Vatican Apostolic Library and the collections of the Vatican Museums are of

title: Vatican City

text: November 2008, the Vatican itself put into effect a plan announced in May 2007 to cover the roof of the Paul VI Audience Hall with solar panels. Within the territory of Vatican City are the Vatican Gardens (), which account for more than half of this territory. The gardens, established during the Renaissance and Baroque era, are decorated with fountains and sculptures. The gardens cover approximately which is most of the Vatican Hill. The highest point is above mean sea level. Stone walls bound the area in the North, South and West. The gardens date back to medieval times when

title: Vatican City

text: orchards and vineyards extended to the north of the Papal Apostolic Palace. In 1279 Pope Nicholas III (Giovanni Gaetano Orsini, 1277–1280) moved his residence back to the Vatican from the Lateran Palace and enclosed this area with walls. He planted an orchard "(pomerium)", a lawn "(pratellum)" and a garden "(viridarium)". The politics of Vatican City takes place in an absolute elective monarchy, in which the head of the Roman Catholic Church takes power. The Pope exercises principal legislative, executive, and judicial power over the State of Vatican City (an entity distinct from the Holy See), which is a rare case

title: Law of Vatican City

text: Law of Vatican City The law of Vatican City State consists of many forms, the most important of which is the Fundamental Law of Vatican City State. The Code of Penal Procedure governs tribunals and the Lateran Treaty governs relations with the Republic of Italy. The Fundamental Law of Vatican City State, promulgated by Pope John Paul II on 26 November 2000, consists of 20 articles and is the constitutional law of the Vatican City State. It obtained the force of law on 22 February 2001, Feast of the Chair of St. Peter, Apostle, and replaced in its entirety the

title: Vatican City

text: by collectors. Until the adoption of the Euro, Vatican coinage and stamps were denominated in their own Vatican lira currency, which was on par with the Italian lira. Vatican City State, which employs nearly 2,000 people, had a surplus of 6.7 million euros in 2007 but ran a deficit in 2008 of over 15 million euros. In 2012, the U.S. State Department's International Narcotics Control Strategy Report listed Vatican City for the first time among the nations of concern for money-laundering, placing it in the middle category, which includes countries such as Ireland, but not among the most vulnerable countries,

title: Vatican City

text: February 1929 by the Lateran Treaty between the Holy See and Italy, which spoke of it as a new creation, not as a vestige of the much larger Papal States (756–1870), which had previously encompassed much of central Italy. Within the Vatican City are religious and cultural sites such as St. Peter's Basilica, the Sistine Chapel and the Vatican Museums. They feature some of the world's most famous paintings and sculptures. The unique economy of Vatican City is supported financially by the sale of postage stamps and souvenirs, fees for admission to museums, and sales of publications. The name was

title: Capital punishment in Vatican City

text: Capital punishment in Vatican City Capital punishment in Vatican City was legal between 1929 and 1969, reserved for attempted assassination of the Pope, but has never been applied there. Executions were carried out elsewhere in the Papal States during their existence. The death penalty had support from early Catholic theologians, though some of them such as Saint Ambrose encouraged members of the clergy not to pronounce or carry out capital punishment. Saint Augustine answered objections to capital punishment rooted in the first commandment in "The City of God". Augustine's argument is as such: "Since the agent of authority is but

title: Law of Vatican City

text: Fundamental Law of Vatican City promulgated by Pope Pius XI on 7 June 1929 (Law n. I). All the norms in force in Vatican City State which were not in agreement with the new Law were abrogated and the original of the Fundamental Law, bearing the Seal of Vatican City State, was deposited in the Archive of the Laws of Vatican City State and the corresponding text was published in the Supplement to the Acta Apostolicae Sedis. The judicial system of Vatican City consists of: Justice is exercised in the name of the Supreme Pontiff. The sole judge has to

title: Crime in Vatican City

text: as those used in the Swiss army. On May 4, 1998, the Swiss Guard experienced one of its greatest scandals for over 100 years when the commander of the Guard, Alois Estermann, was murdered in unclear circumstances in Vatican City. According to the official Vatican version, Estermann and his wife, Gladys Meza Romero, were killed by the young Swiss Guard Cédric Tornay, who later committed suicide. Estermann had been named commander of the Swiss Guard the same day. The Vatican Bank was Banco Ambrosiano's main share-holder. Father Paul Marcinkus, head of the Institute for Religious Works from 1971 to 1989,

title: Languages of Vatican City

text: Latin for all official purposes. Earlier still, it was part of the Roman Empire. In the earliest historical records the term "Vatican" was used to refer to a marshy area, larger than the Vatican City State, on the right bank of the Tiber River, between the Milvio Bridge and the present Sixtus Bridge. During the monarchy and the republican age, the area was known as "Ager Vaticanus". From the 2nd century A.D., the toponym "Vaticanum" was applied to an area corresponding roughly to the present Vatican City State. Languages of Vatican City Vatican City is a city state that came

title: Politics of Vatican City

text: not seen as heading the Vatican City State or the various departments of the Roman Curia, other than the Secretariat of State itself. Vatican City is a member of CEPT, Eutelsat, International Grains Council, Intelsat, ITU and UPU. Vatican City does not have direct diplomatic relations with other states. Its foreign relations are managed by the Holy See. See Holy See - Relationship with the Vatican City and other territories. A unicameral Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, appointed by the Pope, operates as legislative branch, proposing law and policy to the Pope. Prior to taking effect, laws and policies

title: Vatican City

text: the time of the Papal States continued to be associated with the Papal Court after the loss of these territories, generally with merely nominal duties (see Papal Master of the Horse, Prefecture of the Pontifical Household, Hereditary officers of the Roman Curia, Black Nobility). They also formed the ceremonial Noble Guard. In the first decades of the existence of the Vatican City State, executive functions were entrusted to some of them, including that of delegate for the State of Vatican City (now denominated president of the Commission for Vatican City). But with the motu proprio "Pontificalis Domus" of 28 March

title: Women in Vatican City

text: women's issues. Women are not allowed to be ordained to the presbyterate or episcopate, though a commission is currently studying the question of whether women can serve as un-ordained female deacons (deaconesses). Women (and men) visiting St. Peter's Basilica, the Sistine Chapel or the Vatican Museums in Vatican City are expected to wear appropriate attire. Low cut or sleeveless clothing, shorts, miniskirts and hats (for men, indoors) are not allowed. Women may or may not wear the traditional "black hat or veil". Dress code for Papal audiences is somewhat more formal. Women cannot wear clothing that does not cover the

title: Rail transport in Vatican City

text: 1962. The regular service has operated every Saturday since 12 September 2015, with visitors to the Vatican Museums boarding a train to travel to the Pontifical Villas in Castel Gandolfo. Scheduled trains use contemporary suburban rolling stock to travel from Vatican City railway station to Albano Laziale, via Castel Gandolfo. At the station visitors can tour the newly created museum and pontifical gardens, and visit the town. The tour returns the same afternoon, terminating one stop to the south at . Pope Pius XI's planned papal train was never constructed, and the Vatican City State has never employed any railway

title: Vatican City

text: with instructions in Latin, possibly the only ATM in the world with this feature. Vatican City issues its own coins and stamps. It has used the euro as its currency since 1 January 1999, owing to a special agreement with the European Union (council decision 1999/98). Euro coins and notes were introduced on 1 January 2002—the Vatican does not issue euro banknotes. Issuance of euro-denominated coins is strictly limited by treaty, though somewhat more than usual is allowed in a year in which there is a change in the papacy. Because of their rarity, Vatican euro coins are highly sought

title: Vatican City

text: not possess other citizenship automatically becomes an Italian citizen as provided in the Lateran Treaty. As of 31 December 2011, other than the pope, there were 594 persons possessing Vatican citizenship, of which: 72% were clergy, including: 28% were laity, including: The persons authorized to reside in the Vatican City maintaining their original citizenship were 238, of the aforementioned numbers. The persons residing in buildings outside of the Vatican City in buildings exempt from expropriation and taxation were 3,500 on the above-mentioned date. On 22 February 2011, Pope Benedict XVI promulgated a new "Law concerning citizenship, residency and access" to

title: Politics of Vatican City

text: officers is appointed by the pope for a five-year term. Actions of the President must be approved by the Commission. Various departments and offices report to the Governorate, handling such issues as communications, internal security, fire protection, and the Vatican Museums. The Corpo della Gendarmeria is the state's security and police force, not the Pontifical Swiss Guard, which is an organ of the Holy See, not Vatican City. The Pope is "ex officio" sovereign of the Vatican City State since 1929. He delegates executive authority to the President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, who is "ex officio"

title: Visa policy of Vatican City

text: citizens but do have effect on Vatican passport holders. Visa policy of Vatican City Although not a member of either the European Union or the European Economic Area, the Vatican maintains an open border with Italy and is treated as part of the Schengen Area. Since the Vatican City is only accessible via Italy entrance is not possible without entering the Schengen Area first and therefore Schengen visa rules apply de facto. Nevertheless, Vatican City does not have any tourist accommodation (hotels or rental apartments), it's therefore virtually impossible to actually stay overnight as a tourist. Vatican City signs independent

title: Law of Vatican City

text: that have a sharp divergence with basic canon law. Under the new procedure, the Vatican would examine Italian laws before deciding whether to adopt them. However, as the Vatican had not always accepted Italian laws under the old procedure little would change, with one newspaper commentator calling the announcement a "masked warning" to the Italian government. Law of Vatican City The law of Vatican City State consists of many forms, the most important of which is the Fundamental Law of Vatican City State. The Code of Penal Procedure governs tribunals and the Lateran Treaty governs relations with the Republic of

title: Vatican City national football team

text: Vatican City national football team The Vatican City national football team () is the football team that represents Vatican City under the control of the Federazione Vaticanese Giuoco Calcio, headquartered in the Vatican's Cortile di San Damaso. The Vatican City football association was founded in 1972. Its current president is Domenico Ruggerio. Gianfranco Guadagnoli, an Italian, is the current head coach. The team has been managed by Giovanni Trapattoni in the past. His first match as manager was played on 23 October 2010 when Vatican City faced a team composed of Italian financial police. The team played its first match

title: Vatican City

text: the period of the empty throne or Sede Vacante (papal vacancy). Those of the Vatican State remain under the control of the Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City. Acting with three other cardinals chosen by lot every three days, one from each order of cardinals (cardinal bishop, cardinal priest, and cardinal deacon), he in a sense performs during that period the functions of head of state of Vatican City. All the decisions these four cardinals take must be approved by the College of Cardinals as a whole. The nobility that was closely associated with the Holy See at

title: Governor of Vatican City

text: the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State—consisting of a number of cardinals, originally three, but later increased to seven. The President of this Commission has exercised since 1952 the functions that were previously attributed to the Governor. Since 2001, he is also given the title of President of the Governorate of the State of Vatican City. Governor of Vatican City The post of Governor of Vatican City (Governatore dello Stato della Città del Vaticano in Italian) was held by Marchese Camillo Serafini from the foundation of the state in 1929 until his death in 1952. No successor was appointed, and

title: Vatican City

text: and institutions necessary to the character and mission of the Holy See. Castel Gandolfo and the named basilicas are patrolled internally by police agents of Vatican City State and not by Italian police. According to the Lateran Treaty (Art. 3) St. Peter's Square, up to but not including the steps leading to the basilica, is normally patrolled by the Italian police. There are no passport controls for visitors entering Vatican City from the surrounding Italian territory. There is free public access to Saint Peter's Square and Basilica and, on the occasion of papal general audiences, to the hall in which