query: what books did jules verne wright?

title: Cultural influence of Jules Verne

text: 6" in 1978, he broadcast back a message to celebrate Verne's 150th birthday, saying: "There's hardly a person who hasn't read his books, at any rate not among the cosmonauts, because Jules Verne was a dreamer, a visionary who saw flights in space. I'd say this flight too was predicted by Jules Verne." Polar explorer Richard E. Byrd, after a flight to the South Pole, paid tribute to Verne's polar novels "The Adventures of Captain Hatteras" and "An Antarctic Mystery" by saying "It was Jules Verne who launched me on this trip." Edwin Hubble, the American astronomer, was in his

title: Jules Verne

text: "Voyages extraordinaires" series continued for several years afterwards at the same rate of two volumes a year. It was later discovered that Michel Verne had made extensive changes in these stories, and the original versions were eventually published at the end of the 20th century by the Jules Verne Society (Société Jules Verne). In 1919, Michel Verne published The Barsac Mission (), which original drafts contained references to Esperanto, language about which his father had great interest. In 1989, Verne's great-grandson discovered his ancestor's as yet unpublished novel "Paris in the Twentieth Century" which was subsequently published in 1994. Verne's

title: Cultural influence of Jules Verne

text: conversational character robot designed and built by him "Jules" in memory of Jules Verne. It is able to speak and respond in a human like manner, based on what it hears and has facial muscles that react to speech. Other scientific figures known to have been influenced by Verne include Fridtjof Nansen, Wernher von Braun, Guglielmo Marconi, and Yuri Gagarin. Arthur Rimbaud was inspired to write his well-known poem "Le Bateau ivre" after reading "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea", which he extensively alludes to within the poem; "The Adventures of Captain Hatteras" was likely an additional source of inspiration.

title: The Fabulous World of Jules Verne

text: The Fabulous World of Jules Verne The Fabulous World of Jules Verne (, literally The Deadly Invention or An Invention for Destruction) is a 1958 Czechoslovak black-and-white science fiction adventure film, produced by Zdeněk Novák, directed by Karel Zeman, that stars Lubor Tokoš, Arnošt Navrátil, and Miloslav Holub. Based on several works by Jules Verne, primarily his 1896 novel "Facing the Flag", the film evokes the original illustrations for Verne's works by combining live actors with various forms of animation. The film made its North American debut in 1961 through Warner Bros. Pictures. Soon after, it was distributed to 72

title: Jules Verne

text: Denmark to return in haste to Paris, but missed the birth on 3 August 1861 of his only biological son, Michel. Meanwhile, Verne continued work on the idea of a "Roman de la Science", which he developed in a rough draft inspired, according to his recollections, by his "love for maps and the great explorers of the world". It took shape as a story of travel across Africa and would eventually become his first published novel, "Five Weeks in a Balloon". In 1862, through their mutual acquaintance Alfred de Bréhat, Verne came into contact with the publisher Pierre-Jules Hetzel, and

title: Cultural influence of Jules Verne

text: Long have both written that the parallels between "The Hobbit" and "Journey to the Center of the Earth" are likely too extensive to have arisen simply by chance (both include a hidden runic message and a celestial alignment directing the adventurers to their goal, among other parallels), and the Verne scholar William Butcher has noted similar narrative parallels between "The Lord of the Rings" and "The Adventures of Captain Hatteras". In an introduction to a biography of Verne, Arthur C. Clarke wrote: "Jules Verne had already been dead for a dozen years when I was born. Yet I feel strongly

title: Jules Verne

text: appear in many of his novels, including "The Mysterious Island" (1874), "Second Fatherland" (1900), and "The School for Robinsons" (1882). In 1836, Verne went on to École Saint‑Stanislas, a Catholic school suiting the pious religious tastes of his father. Verne quickly distinguished himself in "mémoire" (recitation from memory), geography, Greek, Latin, and singing. In the same year, 1836, Pierre Verne bought a vacation house at 29 Rue des Réformés in the village of Chantenay (now part of Nantes) on the Loire River. In his brief memoir "Souvenirs d'enfance et de jeunesse" ("Memories of Childhood and Youth", 1890), Verne recalled a

title: Jules Verne

text: submitted to him the manuscript of his developing novel, then called "Voyage en Ballon". Hetzel, already the publisher of Balzac, George Sand, Victor Hugo, and other well-known authors, had long been planning to launch a high-quality family magazine in which entertaining fiction would combine with scientific education. He saw Verne, with his demonstrated inclination toward scrupulously researched adventure stories, as an ideal contributor for such a magazine, and accepted the novel, giving Verne suggestions for improvement. Verne made the proposed revisions within two weeks and returned to Hetzel with the final draft, now titled "Five Weeks in a Balloon". It

title: Pierre-Jules Hetzel

text: were three editions: one economical, without illustrations; another one in small format, with a few illustrations; and a third one in a bigger in-octavo format and richly illustrated. It is the last edition that is now very popular among book collectors. Hetzel discovered Jules Verne, but scholars still debate to what extent Hetzel "made" Verne, or if it was Verne who "made" Hetzel's publishing career. Each benefited from the other, and their relationship went beyond that of author and publisher. Hetzel rejected Verne's 1863 manuscript for "Paris in the Twentieth Century" because he thought it presented a vision of the

title: Jules Verne

text: largest body of work is the "Voyages extraordinaires" series, which includes all of his novels except for the two rejected manuscripts "Paris in the Twentieth Century" and "Backwards to Britain" (published posthumously in 1994 and 1989, respectively) and for projects left unfinished at his death (many of which would be posthumously adapted or rewritten for publication by his son Michel). Verne also wrote many plays, poems, song texts, operetta libretti, and short stories, as well as a variety of essays and miscellaneous non-fiction. After his debut under Hetzel, Verne was enthusiastically received in France by writers and scientists alike, with

title: Jules Verne

text: least 100 years old!" Hetzel influenced many of Verne's novels directly, especially in the first few years of their collaboration, for Verne was initially so happy to find a publisher that he agreed to almost all of the changes Hetzel suggested. For example, when Hetzel disapproved of the original climax of "Captain Hatteras", including the death of the title character, Verne wrote an entirely new conclusion in which Hatteras survived. Hetzel also rejected Verne's next submission, "Paris in the Twentieth Century", believing its pessimistic view of the future and its condemnation of technological progress were too subversive for a family

title: The Secret Adventures of Jules Verne

text: The Secret Adventures of Jules Verne The Secret Adventures of Jules Verne is a 22-episode science fiction television series in the steampunk genre that first aired in June 2000 on CBC Television in Canada. The series first ran in the United States on cable on The Sci-Fi Channel (now Syfy). The plot concept is predicated on a vast fictional conspiracy beginning with the revelation that Jules Verne did not merely "write" the stories behind his famous science fiction classic books "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea", "Journey to the Center of the Earth" or "Around the World in Eighty Days"

title: Jules Verne Award

text: Jules Verne Award Created in 1992 by Jean-Christophe Jeauffre and Frédéric Dieudonné, the two founders of the Jules Verne Festival, the Jules Verne Awards are a set of awards given annually for excellence exploration, environmental and cinematic achievements. Organized and overseen by The Jules Verne Adventures organization, the awards are given each year at a formal ceremony. The awards were first given in 1992 at the first Jules Verne Film Festival, which took place at the Institut océanographique of Paris, France. The Jules Verne Awards are given in several categories. The Jules Verne "Legendaire" Awards celebrate legendary science fiction or

title: Jules Verne (crater)

text: crater feature on the far side to be flooded with lava, as the crust is generally thicker than on the near side. The crater is located in outer rim of the South Pole-Aitken basin. The outer rim of Jules Verne is worn and eroded, with several craters lying across the edge. Along the eastern edge lies Jules Verne G, while Jules Verne C penetrates the northeastern rim and Jules Verne Z cuts across the northern rim. A small crater also lies across the southern rim, while Jules Verne P is attached to the exterior along the south-southwest. Jules Verne is

title: Jules Verne Award

text: and imagination, as well as open-mindedness through their talent, work and persistence. Dame Jane Goodall, George Lucas, James Cameron, Jacques-Yves Cousteau, Buzz Aldrin, Christopher Reeve, Harrison Ford, Tippi Hedren, Larry Hagman, Omar Sharif and Ray Bradbury rank among the recipients of the Jules Verne 'Achievement' Award. The Jules Verne Awards for best documentaries go to the best exploration, adventure, environment and discovery documentaries of the year. The following is a listing of some Jules Verne Awards ceremonies and recipients. Jules Verne Award Created in 1992 by Jean-Christophe Jeauffre and Frédéric Dieudonné, the two founders of the Jules Verne Festival, the

title: Jules Verne ATV

text: Jules Verne ATV The "Jules Verne" ATV, or Automated Transfer Vehicle 001 (ATV-001), was an unmanned cargo resupply spacecraft launched by the European Space Agency (ESA). The ATV was named after the 19th-century French science-fiction author Jules Verne. It was launched on 9 March 2008 on a mission to supply the International Space Station (ISS) with propellant, water, air, and dry cargo. "Jules Verne" was the first of five ATVs to be launched. Because it was the first ATV to be launched, "Jules Verne" underwent three weeks of orbital testing before beginning its final rendezvous with the ISS. The spacecraft

title: Jules Verne

text: writer Adam Roberts, in an essay for "The Guardian" titled "Jules Verne deserves a better translation service", commented: "I'd always liked reading Jules Verne and I've read most of his novels; but it wasn't until recently that I really understood I hadn't been reading Jules Verne at all... It's a bizarre situation for a world-famous writer to be in. Indeed, I can't think of a major writer who has been so poorly served by translation." Similarly, the American novelist Michael Crichton observed: Since 1965, a considerable number of more accurate English translations of Verne have appeared. However, the highly criticized

title: Jules Verne

text: Jules Verne Jules Gabriel Verne (; ; 8 February 1828 – 24 March 1905) was a French novelist, poet, and playwright. Jules Verne was born in the seaport of Nantes, he was trained to follow in his father's footsteps as a lawyer, but quit the profession early in life to write for magazines and the stage. His collaboration with the publisher Pierre-Jules Hetzel led to the creation of the "Voyages extraordinaires", a widely popular series of scrupulously researched adventure novels including "Journey to the Center of the Earth" (1864), "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea" (1870), and "Around the World

title: Jules Verne

text: and Hetzel, Jules Verne began publishing darker works. In 1888, Verne entered politics and was elected town councilor of Amiens, where he championed several improvements and served for fifteen years. Verne was made a Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur in 1870. He was promoted to an Officier de la Légion d'honneur in 1892. On 24 March 1905, while ill with diabetes, Verne died at his home in Amiens, 44 Boulevard Longueville (now Boulevard Jules-Verne). His son, Michel Verne, oversaw publication of the novels "Invasion of the Sea" and "The Lighthouse at the End of the World" after Jules's death. The

title: Jules Verne Trophy

text: Jules Verne Trophy The Jules Verne Trophy is a prize for the fastest circumnavigation of the world by any type of yacht with no restrictions on the size of the crew provided the vessel has registered with the organization and paid an entry fee. A vessel holding the Jules Verne trophy will not necessarily hold the absolute round the world record. The trophy was first awarded to the first yacht which sailed around the world in less than 80 days. The name of the award is a reference to the Jules Verne novel "Around the World in Eighty Days" in

title: Jules Verne (train)

text: Jules Verne (train) The Jules Verne was an express train that linked Paris and Nantes in France. Operated by the "Société Nationale des Chemins de fer français" (SNCF), it was the last new Trans Europ Express (TEE) to be introduced, in 1980. The train was named after the French author Jules Verne, who was born in Nantes. It was replaced by a TGV in 1989. The "Jules Verne"s route was via the Paris–Brest railway as far as Le Mans, then via the Le Mans–Angers railway and finally via the Tours–Saint-Nazaire railway. The train had the following stops: The train operated

title: Jules Verne ATV

text: UTC, "Jules Verne" started its first de-orbit burn of 6 minutes, followed by a second burn of 15 minutes at 12:58:18 UTC. At 13:31 UTC, "Jules Verne" re-entered the atmosphere at an altitude of , and then completed its destructive re-entry as planned over the following 12 minutes, depositing debris in the South Pacific Ocean southwest of Tahiti in a particularly well-documented reentry and breakup. Jules Verne ATV The "Jules Verne" ATV, or Automated Transfer Vehicle 001 (ATV-001), was an unmanned cargo resupply spacecraft launched by the European Space Agency (ESA). The ATV was named after the 19th-century French science-fiction

title: French ship Jules Verne (A620)

text: recompression chamber and 16 beds. In May 2016 "Jules Verne" arrived at Ghent, Belgium for recycling by Galloo Group. Jules Verne fleet tender French ship Jules Verne (A620) Jules Verne is a repair ship of the French Navy, named in honour of science-fiction writer Jules Verne. Originally named "Achéron" and intended as an ammunition transport ship, she was converted to repair ship after her keel had been laid. "Jules Verne" was long based in Djibouti (she was featured on the 10 000-Djiboutian francs banknote). In 1997, she was assigned to the Force d'Action Navale. She was designed to replenish, refuel

title: Jules Verne Museum

text: themed rooms: The building was renovated in 2005, the centenary of Verne's death. The museum is located at 3, rue de l'Hermitage, Nantes. Jules Verne Museum The Musée Jules Verne is a museum dedicated to the French writer Jules Verne. It is located in the city of Nantes, France, and was opened in 1978 to mark the 150th anniversary of Verne's birth. The museum is housed in a late 19th century building overlooking the Loire River. While Verne never lived in the building, its surroundings reflect the atmosphere which influenced his work. His parents had a house in nearby Bas-Chantenay.

title: Jules Verne Museum

text: Jules Verne Museum The Musée Jules Verne is a museum dedicated to the French writer Jules Verne. It is located in the city of Nantes, France, and was opened in 1978 to mark the 150th anniversary of Verne's birth. The museum is housed in a late 19th century building overlooking the Loire River. While Verne never lived in the building, its surroundings reflect the atmosphere which influenced his work. His parents had a house in nearby Bas-Chantenay. The museum has a collection of artifacts, replicas of his inventions, and memorabilia inspired by his writings. The museum is divided into eight

title: Jules Verne ATV

text: with waste for disposal. In total, of water, of oxygen and of propellant was transferred to the "Zvezda" module, and "Jules Verne" was also used to reboost the space station on four occasions. About of dry cargo was removed from the ATV and remained aboard the ISS. In addition, two original manuscripts by Jules Verne, as well as an illustrated French edition of Pierre-Jules Hetzel's "From the Earth to the Moon" and "Around the Moon", were delivered to the crew of the ISS by the ATV. The thrusters of "Jules Verne" were fired for just over 5 minutes on 27

title: Jules Verne

text: the "Jules Verne cult", a steadily growing group of scholars and young writers who took Verne's works seriously as literature and willingly noted his influence on their own pioneering works. Some of the cult founded the Société Jules Verne, the first academic society for Verne scholars; many others became highly respected avant garde and surrealist literary figures in their own right. Their praise and analyses, emphasizing Verne's stylistic innovations and enduring literary themes, proved highly influential for literary studies to come. In the 1960s and 1970s, thanks in large part to a sustained wave of serious literary study from well-known

title: The Secret Adventures of Jules Verne

text: and suites from every episode of the series apart from "The Book of Knowledge", for which the composer and the recording studio were unable to locate the original tapes. The Secret Adventures of Jules Verne The Secret Adventures of Jules Verne is a 22-episode science fiction television series in the steampunk genre that first aired in June 2000 on CBC Television in Canada. The series first ran in the United States on cable on The Sci-Fi Channel (now Syfy). The plot concept is predicated on a vast fictional conspiracy beginning with the revelation that Jules Verne did not merely "write"

title: Jules Verne

text: Claudel, Jean Cocteau, François Mauriac, Raymond Roussel, Claude Roy, Julio Cortázar, Antoine Saint-Exupéry, and Jean-Paul Sartre, while scientists and explorers who acknowledged Verne's inspiration have included Richard E. Byrd, Yuri Gagarin, Simon Lake, Hubert Lyautey, Guglielmo Marconi, Fridtjof Nansen, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Wernher von Braun, and Jack Parsons. He is credited with helping inspire the "steampunk" genre, a literary and social movement that glamorizes science fiction based on 19th-century technology. Ray Bradbury summed up Verne's influence on literature and science the world over by saying: "We are all, in one way or another, the children of Jules Verne." Jules Verne Jules

title: Jules Verne (crater)

text: one of the few lunar craters that is known by a person's full name rather than the surname. It is also named for a science-fiction author rather than a noted scientist or explorer, as is typical. (But see H. G. Wells.) By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Jules Verne. Jules Verne (crater) Jules Verne is a large lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon, named after the French author. It is located to the west-southwest of the Mare Ingenii,

title: Jules Verne (crater)

text: Jules Verne (crater) Jules Verne is a large lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon, named after the French author. It is located to the west-southwest of the Mare Ingenii, one of the few lunar mares on the far side. To the southeast of Jules Verne is the crater Lundmark, while Koch is located to the south-southeast. To the northwest is the large walled plain Pavlov. Most of the interior floor of this crater has been flooded with basaltic lava, leaving a dark, low-albedo surface that is relatively level and flat. It is somewhat unusual for a

title: Jules Verne (train)

text: stock was a rake of SNCF Mistral 69-type , being an A4Dtux, two A8u, two A8tu, one A3rtu and one Vru. On 10 May 1982, the train's rolling stock was replaced by SNCF , which were otherwise in the same formation. The Grand Confort coaches were painted in a distinctive red, orange, light grey and slate grey livery. Throughout the "Jules Verne"s existence, its dining car was staffed by the "Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits" (CIWL). Jules Verne (train) The Jules Verne was an express train that linked Paris and Nantes in France. Operated by the "Société Nationale des Chemins de

title: Jules Verne bibliography

text: system developed by Pierre-Jules Hetzel for the "Voyages Extraordinaires", each of Verne's novels was published successively in several different formats. This resulted in several distinct editions of each texts, as follows. The posthumously published volumes in the "Voyages Extraordinaires" were extensively altered and in some cases entirely written by Verne's son Michel. Jules Verne bibliography Jules Verne (1828–1905) was a French novelist, poet, and playwright. Most famous for his novel sequence, the "Voyages Extraordinaires", Verne also wrote assorted short stories, plays, miscellaneous novels, essays, and poetry. His works are notable for their profound influence on science fiction and on surrealism,

title: Jules Verne ATV

text: docked to the ISS on 3 April 2008 to deliver its cargo. On 25 April 2008, "Jules Verne" used its thrusters to reboost the station into a higher orbit. After spending just over five months docked at the station, "Jules Verne" undocked on 5 September 2008 and made a destructive re-entry over the Pacific Ocean on 29 September. The first ATV was officially named "Jules Verne" on 9 April 2002; it was originally planned to be one of seven ATVs, and to launch in 2007. By the end of January 2003, most of its components had been assembled. These components

title: Cultural influence of Jules Verne

text: counted Verne as a main influence on his own fiction as well as on literature and science the world over, saying "We are all, in one way or another, the children of Jules Verne." Other literary figures known to have been influenced by Verne include Paul Claudel, François Mauriac, Blaise Cendrars, Jean-Paul Sartre, Marcel Aymé, René Barjavel, Claude Roy, Michel Butor, and Roland Barthes. Verne is also often cited as a major influence of the science fiction genre steampunk, though Verne's works themselves are not of the genre. Cultural influence of Jules Verne Jules Verne (1828–1905), the French writer best

title: French ship Jules Verne (A620)

text: French ship Jules Verne (A620) Jules Verne is a repair ship of the French Navy, named in honour of science-fiction writer Jules Verne. Originally named "Achéron" and intended as an ammunition transport ship, she was converted to repair ship after her keel had been laid. "Jules Verne" was long based in Djibouti (she was featured on the 10 000-Djiboutian francs banknote). In 1997, she was assigned to the Force d'Action Navale. She was designed to replenish, refuel and repair the ships of an operational force at sea. She was fitted with a complete 240-m2 hospital including an operating theatre, a

title: Jules Verne bibliography

text: Jules Verne bibliography Jules Verne (1828–1905) was a French novelist, poet, and playwright. Most famous for his novel sequence, the "Voyages Extraordinaires", Verne also wrote assorted short stories, plays, miscellaneous novels, essays, and poetry. His works are notable for their profound influence on science fiction and on surrealism, their innovative use of modernist literary techniques such as self-reflexivity, and their complex combination of positivist and romantic ideologies. Unless otherwise referenced, the information presented here is derived from the research of Volker Dehs, Jean-Michel Margot, Zvi Har’El, and William Butcher. Three publication dates for each book are given because, in the

title: Jules Verne

text: its combination of adventurous narrative, travel themes, and detailed historical research, would later be described by Verne as "the first indication of the line of novel that I was destined to follow." Dumas fils put Verne in contact with Jules Seveste, a stage director who had taken over the directorship of the Théâtre-Historique and renamed it the Théâtre Lyrique. Seveste offered Verne the job of secretary of the theatre, with little or no salary attached. Verne accepted, using the opportunity to write and produce several comic operas written in collaboration with Hignard and the prolific librettist Michel Carré. To celebrate

title: Cultural influence of Jules Verne

text: Cultural influence of Jules Verne Jules Verne (1828–1905), the French writer best known for his "Voyages extraordinaires" series, has had a wide influence in both scientific and literary fields. The pioneering submarine designer Simon Lake credited his inspiration to "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea", and his autobiography begins "Jules Verne was in a sense the director-general of my life." William Beebe, Sir Ernest Shackleton, and Robert Ballard found similar early inspiration in the novel, and Jacques Cousteau called it his "shipboard bible". The aviation pioneer Alberto Santos-Dumont named Verne as his favorite author and the inspiration for his own

title: Jules Verne

text: title that has also been given to H. G. Wells and Hugo Gernsback. Jules Gabriel Verne was born on 8 February 1828, on Île Feydeau, a small artificial island on the Loire River within the town of Nantes, in No. 4 Rue de Clisson, the house of his maternal grandmother Dame Sophie Allotte de la Fuÿe. His parents were Pierre Verne, an attorney originally from Provins, and Sophie Allote de la Fuÿe, a Nantes woman from a local family of navigators and shipowners, of distant Scottish descent. In 1829, the Verne family moved some hundred meters away to No. 2

title: Voyage: Inspired by Jules Verne

text: Voyage: Inspired by Jules Verne Voyage: Inspired by Jules Verne (known as Journey to the Moon in the United Kingdom and Australia) is a point-and-click adventure game with pre-rendered graphics, developed by Kheops Studio and published by The Adventure Company for the PC in 2005. The game's story focuses on a French adventurer's journey to the moon in the 19th century, and the ancient lunar civilization he subsequently finds. "Voyage" is loosely based on the novels "From the Earth to the Moon" and "Around the Moon" by science fiction author Jules Verne, and the novel "The First Men in the

title: Cultural influence of Jules Verne

text: calling it "a marvelous book, which impressed and fascinated me more than any other", and adding "I sometimes re-read it still, each time finding anew the joys and enthusiasm of my childhood". The French general Hubert Lyautey took much inspiration from the explorations in Verne's novels. When one of his more ambitious foreign projects was met with the reply "All this, sir, it's like doing a Jules Verne", Lyautey famously responded: "Yes, sir, it's like doing a Jules Verne, because for twenty years, the people who move forward have been doing a Jules Verne." David Hanson named the Artificial Intelligence

title: Jules Verne Trophy

text: the moon as companions and time keepers. The sculpture is placed on a cast aluminium base, on which the names of the sailors having won the Trophy are engraved. The Musée national de la Marine in Paris hosts and maintains the Trophy. Each winner receives a miniature of the Trophy, magnetized like the original one. When a record is broken, an official ceremony is held for the previous record holders to hand over the trophy to the new record holders, who are given the hull and must place it in its magnetic field mooring. Jules Verne Trophy The Jules Verne

title: Jules Verne (train)

text: on weekdays only. Starting in autumn 1983 the westbound train ran as a TEE on Mondays through Thursdays only and was replaced by a two-class "Rapide" on Fridays. Initially, "Jules Verne" was usually hauled by one of SNCF's diesel-electric locomotives. This class was later replaced by SNCF dual voltage, Class BB 22200 electric locomotives. Prior to that change, made in autumn 1983, the "Jules Verne" had been the last train in the TEE network to be regularly diesel-hauled. However, Belgian diesel locomotives continued to be used occasionally on TEE trains between Brussels and Amsterdam. The train's original formation of rolling

title: Jules Verne Award

text: adventure movies, TV series and stars. Among others, they have been given to: "", "The Empire Strikes Back", "Blade Runner", Alfred Hitchcock's "The Birds", "", "The Wild Bunch", "Planet of the Apes", "Smallville", "Heroes", "Lost", "Battlestar Galactica", "Stargate SG-1", John Wayne, Steve McQueen, Tony Curtis, Ernest Borgnine, Mark Hamill, Sir Christopher Lee, etc. The Jules Verne Legendaire Awards celebrations invite the Stars and the public to once in a lifetime stage reunions of the original cast and crews. The Jules Verne Achievement Awards distinguish artists, explorers, filmmakers, movie and TV actors and celebrities who have encouraged the spirit of adventure

title: Jules Verne ATV

text: member of the European Space Agency was aboard the ISS while "Jules Verne" was docked. The ATV was one of the quietest places on the ISS, as it was isolated from the rest of the station. Because of this, the crew used it as sleeping quarters, and also as a place to perform personal hygiene activities. Yi So-yeon also used it as laboratory space where she performed nanotechnology experiments. On 5 September 2008, "Jules Verne" undocked and manoeuvred to an orbital position 5 km below the ISS. It remained in that orbit until the night of 29 September. At 10:00:27

title: Jules Verne ATV

text: space station at a distance of , despite a minor anomaly with the electronic systems controlling the spacecraft's engines. "Jules Verne" started its approach to the ISS at 14:19 UTC. At 15:57, it reached the S hold point and waited there for 90 minutes to conduct tests. The ISS crew then commanded the ATV to conduct hold and retreat manoeuvres. At 17:30, the ATV was commanded to perform an escape manoeuvre, propelling it away from the station. During Demo-Day 2, "Jules Verne" closed in to within of the International Space Station, after which the ISS crew simulated an abort. All

title: The Fabulous World of Jules Verne

text: also the painstaking creation thereof?" In 2014, the Karel Zeman Museum in Prague announced that they, in collaboration with České bijáky and Czech TV, had begun a complete digital restoration of the film, planned to be premiered at Expo 2015 in Italy. The Fabulous World of Jules Verne The Fabulous World of Jules Verne (, literally The Deadly Invention or An Invention for Destruction) is a 1958 Czechoslovak black-and-white science fiction adventure film, produced by Zdeněk Novák, directed by Karel Zeman, that stars Lubor Tokoš, Arnošt Navrátil, and Miloslav Holub. Based on several works by Jules Verne, primarily his 1896

title: École secondaire Jules-Verne

text: However, the construction of the school was not completed until the end of March 2009 and the school was officially open on April 4, 2009. École secondaire Jules-Verne École secondaire Jules-Verne is a public francophone secondary school located in the South Cambie neighbourhood of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Named after the French author, it is part of School District 93 (Conseil scolaire francophone). The school is one of the many that provide the IB Diploma Program. Originally, students and staff of the school used to attend Kitsilano Secondary School in a separate program, which was intended to have all of

title: École secondaire Jules-Verne

text: École secondaire Jules-Verne École secondaire Jules-Verne is a public francophone secondary school located in the South Cambie neighbourhood of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Named after the French author, it is part of School District 93 (Conseil scolaire francophone). The school is one of the many that provide the IB Diploma Program. Originally, students and staff of the school used to attend Kitsilano Secondary School in a separate program, which was intended to have all of its subjects taught in French. Despite the program's effort to provide all of its courses in French, many of the courses offered to students in

title: Jules Verne ATV

text: because the thermal and power situation remained acceptable, this did not affect the mission. Visual inspection from the space station later confirmed that some thermal blankets had partially detached. Air trapped under the blankets during launch rapidly expanded as the ATV's altitude increased; more holes were added to future craft to fix this problem. Because "Jules Verne" was the first ATV, several on-orbit demonstration tests were performed in order to confirm that it was able to safely approach and dock with the ISS. After launch, the ATV spent three weeks in free flight. It successfully underwent Collision Avoidance Manoeuvre (CAM)

title: The Secret Adventures of Jules Verne

text: Alexandre Dumas. However, the show cannot be historically placed. For example, at least one episode ("Southern Comfort") takes place during the American Civil War (1861–1865). During the Civil War, the historical Jules Verne was already married; the fictional character remains single throughout the first season. Also, the historical Verne would have been in his mid-thirties at the time of that conflict, whereas Chris Demetral, the actor who portrayed him on television, was in his mid-twenties. The Aurora is at the heart of The Secret Adventure of Jules Verne. The world's first dirigible airship, property of Mr. Phileas Fogg of London,

title: Jules Verne ATV

text: final docking procedure was guided by the videometer, which fired laser pulses at cube-shaped reflectors on the "Zvezda" module, and the telegoniometer, which functioned like a radar system. The ISS crew could have aborted the docking at any point up until the ATV was one metre from the station (this was known as the CHOP or Crew Hands-Off Point); however, this did not prove necessary. "Jules Verne" successfully docked with the ISS on 3 April 2008 at 14:45 UTC. During Demo-Day 1, the ATV's first rendezvous with the ISS was conducted. The manoeuvre culminated in a successful rendezvous with the

title: Voyage: Inspired by Jules Verne

text: with "Jolt" describing the music as having a nice retro-futuristic feel which sets the mood perfectly. "G4" commented on the game's voice acting as overly dramatic but appropriate, but criticized many of the sound effects as being cheesy. "GameSpot" described Ardan's dialogue as somewhat lame, and also criticized the game's sound effects. "Metacritic" averaged out the scores of several internet reviews of "Voyage" to reach a rating of 71%, the closest to an 'overall' rating of the game. Voyage: Inspired by Jules Verne Voyage: Inspired by Jules Verne (known as Journey to the Moon in the United Kingdom and Australia)

title: Cultural influence of Jules Verne

text: Childhood". Perec once commented: "When Jules Verne lists all the names of fish over four pages in "Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Seas", I feel as though I am reading a poem." The Swiss traveler and writer Nicolas Bouvier cited Verne as his initiation into geography, and named Mathias Sandorf and Phileas Fogg among his childhood heroes. The British traveler and filmmaker Graham Hughes has similarly identified Fogg as one of his inspirations. According to scholarly hypothesis, J.R.R. Tolkien was inspired by Verne during the writing of his Legendarium narratives. The Tolkien scholar Mark T. Hooker and the philosopher Roderick

title: Jules Verne

text: to follow my own instincts? It's because I know who I am that I realize what I can be one day." Meanwhile, Verne was spending much time at the Bibliothèque nationale de France, conducting research for his stories and feeding his passion for science and recent discoveries, especially in geography. It was in this period that Verne met the illustrious geographer and explorer Jacques Arago, who continued to travel extensively despite his blindness (he had lost his sight completely in 1837). The two men became good friends, and Arago's innovative and witty accounts of his travels led Verne toward a

title: Jules Verne

text: George Sand and Théophile Gautier among his earliest admirers. Several notable contemporary figures, from the geographer Vivien de Saint-Martin to the critic Jules Claretie, spoke highly of Verne and his works in critical and biographical notes. However, Verne's growing popularity among readers and playgoers (due especially to the highly successful stage version of "Around the World in Eighty Days") led to a gradual change in his literary reputation. As the novels and stage productions continued to sell, many contemporary critics felt that Verne's status as a commercially popular author meant he could only be seen as a mere genre-based storyteller,

title: Jules Verne

text: "Roman de la Science" (novel of science), which would allow him to incorporate large amounts of the factual information he so enjoyed researching in the Bibliothèque. He is said to have discussed the project with the elder Alexandre Dumas, who had tried something similar with an unfinished novel, "Isaac Laquedem", and who enthusiastically encouraged Verne's project. At the end of 1854, another outbreak of cholera led to the death of Jules Seveste, Verne's employer at the Théâtre Lyrique and by then a good friend. Though his contract only held him to a further year of service, Verne remained connected to

title: Voyage: Inspired by Jules Verne

text: moon in which he must prepare himself for a lunar landing. Once Ardan successfully lands the shell on the moon, he must solve a series of puzzles on the surface in order to gain access to the hidden civilization below. There he encounters the Selenite race. Following this, Ardan focusses on finding a way to leave the moon and report his findings to Earth. After acquiring what he needs, Ardan travels back to Earth in the shell. He lands in the ocean and manages to swim to a nearby island, where he meets another famous Jules Verne character, Captain Nemo.

title: Jules Wright

text: Jules Wright Jules Wright (25 February 1948 – 21 June 2015) was an Australian-born theatre director, a co-founder in 1984 of the Women’s Playhouse Trust (WPT), the first resident woman director at the Royal Court Theatre, being only the second woman to direct on its main stage, and founder of the Wapping Project arts space. Wright was born Alexandra Vesty in Melbourne on 25 February 1948. Adopted by a couple from Adelaide, she studied educational psychology at Adelaide University. At the Theatre Royal at Stratford East, Clare Venables gave Wright the opportunity to direct professionally. Subsequently, Wright became an artistic

title: Jules Verne

text: magazine. (The manuscript, believed lost for some time after Verne's death, was finally published in 1994.) The relationship between publisher and writer changed significantly around 1869, when Verne and Hetzel were brought into conflict over the manuscript for "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea". Verne had initially conceived of the submariner Captain Nemo as a Polish scientist whose acts of vengeance were directed against the Russians who had killed his family during the January uprising. Hetzel, not wanting to alienate the lucrative Russian market for Verne's books, demanded that Nemo be made an enemy of the slave trade, a situation

title: Jules Verne

text: in Eighty Days" (1873). Verne is generally considered a major literary author in France and most of Europe, where he has had a wide influence on the literary avant-garde and on surrealism. His reputation is markedly different in Anglophone regions, where he has often been labeled a writer of genre fiction or children's books, largely because of the highly abridged and altered translations in which his novels are often reprinted. Verne has been the second most-translated author in the world since 1979, ranking between Agatha Christie and William Shakespeare. He has sometimes been called the "Father of Science Fiction", a

title: Jules Verne

text: translators often working in great haste to rush his most lucrative titles into English-language print. Unlike Hetzel, who targeted all ages with his publishing strategies for the "Voyages extraordinaires", the British and American publishers of Verne chose to market his books almost exclusively to young audiences; this business move, with its implication that Verne could be treated purely as a children's author, had a long-lasting effect on Verne's reputation in English-speaking countries. These early English-language translations have been widely criticized for their extensive textual omissions, errors, and alterations, and are not considered adequate representations of Verne's actual novels. The British

title: Jules Wright

text: architect while Wright studied for a PhD at Bristol University researching psychology, performance and place. Their marriage was dissolved, but they remarried in 2015, four days before her death from cancer. Wright trained as a clinical psychologist working with anorexia patients. She died in London on 21 June 2015. On 10 July 2015, Wright’s life was one of those celebrated on BBC Radio 4’s obituary programme "Last Word". Jules Wright Jules Wright (25 February 1948 – 21 June 2015) was an Australian-born theatre director, a co-founder in 1984 of the Women’s Playhouse Trust (WPT), the first resident woman director at

title: Voyage: Inspired by Jules Verne

text: "Journey to the Center of the Moon" was announced for the PC at E3 2005. The Adventure Company collaborated with developers Kheops Studios for the release. Benoît Hozjan, the co-founder of Kheops Studio, became Managing Director of the game, while Alexis Lang became the Lead Game Designer. "Journey to the Center of the Moon" was later renamed "Voyage: Inspired by Jules Verne". Benoît Hozjan explained the change, saying that "Journey to the Center of the Moon" "seems to be confusing and some people thought that it could be the sequel to "Journey to the Center of the Earth"," another Verne-inspired

title: Cultural influence of Jules Verne

text: elaborate flying machines. Igor Sikorsky often quoted Verne and cited his "Robur the Conqueror" as the inspiration for his invention of the first successful helicopter. The rocketry innovators Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Robert Goddard, and Hermann Oberth are all known to have taken their inspiration from Verne's "From the Earth to the Moon". Frank Borman, Jim Lovell, and William Anders, the astronauts on the Apollo 8 mission, were similarly inspired, with Borman commenting "In a very real sense, Jules Verne is one of the pioneers of the space age". When cosmonaut Georgi Grechko was orbiting Earth with Yuri Romanenko on the "Salyut

title: Jules Verne

text: great relief. He wrote to his father: "You should already know, dear papa, what I think of the military life, and of these domestic servants in livery. … You have to abandon all dignity to perform such functions." Verne's strong antiwar sentiments, to the dismay of his father, would remain steadfast throughout his life. Though writing profusely and frequenting the salons, Verne diligently pursued his law studies and graduated with a "licence en droit" in January 1851. Thanks to his visits to salons, Verne came into contact in 1849 with Alexandre Dumas through the mutual acquaintance of a celebrated chirologist

title: Jules Verne

text: became the associate of the broker Fernand Eggly. Verne woke up early each morning so that he would have time to write, before going to the Bourse for the day's work; in the rest of his spare time, he continued to consort with the "Onze-Sans-Femme" club (all eleven of its "bachelors" had by this time gotten married). He also continued to frequent the Bibliothèque to do scientific and historical research, much of which he copied onto notecards for future use—a system he would continue for the rest of his life. According to the recollections of a colleague, Verne "did better

title: Jules Verne Trophy

text: of the visual arts delegation with the American artist Tom Shannon and is patroned by the French Ministry of Culture. The work is a floating hull on a magnetic field, much as an anchorage for a ship. All dimensions have rigorous symbolic meaning. The midship beam of the hull corresponds to the diameter of the Earth, the ray of each end is proportional to that of the moon and the radius of the curvature of the frames is that of the sun. The competitors of the Trophy Jules Verne race around the Earth against time, with only the sun and

title: Jules Verne Trophy

text: holder of the trophy, Francis Joyon, also holds the around the world sailing record, this has not always been the case. In 2004 Steve Fossett broke the world record with the catamaran "Cheyenne" but was not awarded the trophy. According to reports, the trophy organizers requested a higher entrance fee from Fossett than from the other competitors, the difference which he refused to pay. The winner of the trophy that year was Olivier de Kersauson on "Geronimo", with a time which was five days slower than Fossett's world record. The "Trophy Jules Verne" was the subject of a public order

title: Jules Verne ATV

text: tests on 13 March and 14 March, ensuring that the CAM could be conducted as a last back-off mechanism should all other systems fail during the docking manoeuvre. Subsequently, the ATV performed two docking demonstration tests called "demo days". These tests consisted of a series of rendezvous with the ISS, and culminated in its final test: an actual docking with the aft port of the "Zvezda" service module on 3 April 2008. The rendezvous were performed by a fully automated system using GPS and optical sensors, including a videometer and telegoniometer. When "Jules Verne" was from the space station, the

title: Jules Verne ATV

text: were built by several different aerospace companies; the docking and refuelling systems were produced by RSC Energia in Russia, the pressurised section was assembled by Alenia Spazio in Turin, Italy, and the propulsion system was constructed by EADS Astrium in Bremen, Germany. The propulsion system was integrated with the pressurised compartment in Bremen, before the spacecraft was moved to the European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) in Noordwijk, the Netherlands, for testing. It arrived at ESTEC on 15 July 2004. "Jules Verne" was launched into low Earth orbit atop the maiden flight of the Ariane 5ES carrier rocket. Lift-off

title: Jules Verne ATV

text: targets for this Demo-Day were successfully met. The ATV made contact with "Zvezda"'s aft docking port at 14:45:32 UTC, starting a sequence of docking events that included mechanical capture and docking with the ISS a few minutes later at 14:52 UTC. After docking and leak checks were conducted, the ISS crew was able to enter the pressurised cargo module and access the ATV's cargo. "Jules Verne"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s liquid tanks were connected to the ISS, and their contents were transferred to the station. The crew manually released air components directly into the ISS's atmosphere. The ISS crew gradually replaced the ATV's cargo

title: The Fabulous World of Jules Verne

text: additional high-profile admirers. "The New York Times" critic Howard Thompson found it "fresh, funny and highly imaginative," with "a marvelous eyeful of trick effects." Pauline Kael was similarly glowing, calling the film a "wonderful giddy science fantasy" and adding that Zeman "sustains the Victorian tone, with its delight in the magic of science, that makes Verne seem so playfully archaic." Charles Stinson of the "Los Angeles Times" began a highly positive review for the film by saying: ""The Fabulous World of Jules Verne" is precisely that. For once the title writers and the press agents have been found failing to

title: Jules Verne

text: his employment at the Théâtre Lyrique, Verne joined with ten friends to found a bachelors' dining club, the "Onze-sans-femme" (Eleven Bachelors). For some time, Verne's father pressed him to abandon his writing and begin a business as a lawyer. However, Verne argued in his letters that he could only find success in literature. The pressure to plan for a secure future in law reached its climax in January 1852, when his father offered Verne his own Nantes law practice. Faced with this ultimatum, Verne decided conclusively to continue his literary life and refuse the job, writing: "Am I not right

title: Jules Verne

text: life. (Modern scholars have hypothesized that he suffered from colitis; Verne believed the illness to have been inherited from his mother's side.) Rumors of an outbreak of cholera in March 1849 exacerbated these medical concerns. Yet another health problem would strike in 1851, when Verne suffered the first of four attacks of facial paralysis. These attacks, rather than being psychosomatic, were due to an inflammation in the middle ear, though this cause remained unknown to Verne during his life. In the same year, Verne was required to enlist in the French military, but the sortition process spared him, to his

title: École secondaire Jules-Verne

text: grades 11 and 12 were done so strictly in English. Unlike the teachers of the regular Kitsilano academic program, the Francophone teachers were not given their own classrooms; they had to borrow them and needed to move teaching materials from one class to another. As a result, the staff and the parents of the students felt that it was necessary for Kitsilano's Francophone students to get an all French education in a separate school. The construction of École Secondaire Jules-Verne began in Spring 2007, and students were able to attend the school on September 8, 2008 of the following year.

title: Jules Verne

text: rather than a serious author worthy of academic study. This denial of formal literary status took various forms, including dismissive criticism by such writers as Émile Zola and the lack of nomination to Verne for membership in the Académie Française, and was recognized by Verne himself, who said in a late interview: "The great regret of my life is that I have never taken any place in French literature." To Verne, who considered himself "a man of letters and an artist, living in the pursuit of the ideal", this critical dismissal on the basis of literary ideology could only be

title: Jules Verne

text: most of his stories were first serialised in the "Magazine d'Éducation et de Récréation", a Hetzel biweekly publication, before being published in book form. His brother Paul contributed to "40th French climbing of the Mont-Blanc" and a collection of short stories – "Doctor Ox" – in 1874. Verne became wealthy and famous. Meanwhile, Michel Verne married an actress against his father's wishes, had two children by an underage mistress, and buried himself in debts. The relationship between father and son improved as Michel grew older. Though he was raised Catholic, Verne became a deist in his later years, from about

title: Jules Verne

text: that would make him an unambiguous hero. Verne, after fighting vehemently against the change, finally invented a compromise in which Nemo's past is left mysterious. After this disagreement, Verne became notably cooler in his dealings with Hetzel, taking suggestions into consideration but often rejecting them outright. From that point, Verne published two or more volumes a year. The most successful of these are: "Voyage au centre de la Terre" ("Journey to the Center of the Earth", 1864); "De la Terre à la Lune" ("From the Earth to the Moon", 1865); "Vingt mille lieues sous les mers" ("Twenty Thousand Leagues Under

title: Jules Verne

text: in repartee than in business". In July 1858, Verne and Aristide Hignard seized an opportunity offered by Hignard's brother: a sea voyage, at no charge, from Bordeaux to Liverpool and Scotland. The journey, Verne's first trip outside France, deeply impressed him, and upon his return to Paris he fictionalized his recollections to form the backbone of a semi-autobiographical novel, "Backwards to Britain" (written in the autumn and winter of 1859–1860 and not published until 1989). A second complementary voyage in 1861 took Hignard and Verne to Stockholm, from where they traveled to Christiania and through Telemark. Verne left Hignard in

title: Jules Verne

text: of the city after the recent June Days uprising but assured them that the anniversary of Bastille Day had gone by without any significant conflict. Verne used his family connections to make an entrance into Paris society. His uncle Francisque de Chatêaubourg introduced him into literary salons, and Verne particularly frequented those of Mme de Barrère, a friend of his mother's. While continuing his law studies, he fed his passion for the theatre, writing numerous plays. Verne later recalled: "I was greatly under the influence of Victor Hugo, indeed, very excited by reading and re-reading his works. At that time

title: Jules Verne

text: and Nantes society, which he criticized in his poem "La sixième ville de France" ("The Sixth City of France"). In July 1848, Verne left Nantes again for Paris, where his father intended him to finish law studies and take up law as a profession. He obtained permission from his father to rent a furnished apartment at 24 Rue de l'Ancienne-Comédie, which he shared with Édouard Bonamy, another student of Nantes origin. (On his 1847 Paris visit, Verne had stayed at 2 Rue Thérèse, the house of his aunt Charuel, on the Butte Saint-Roch.) Verne arrived in Paris during a time

title: Jack Wright (character)

text: Jack Wright (character) Jack Wright was the hero of a popular series of Victorian science fiction dime novels and story papers written by Luis Senarens, the so-called "American Jules Verne". A few stories are also credited to Francis W. Doughty. Jack appeared in original stories from in 1891 to 1896 in 120 novels. He first appeared in The Boys' Star Library No. 216, July 18, 1891, "Jack Wright, the Boy Inventor; or, Hunting for a Sunken Treasure". Senarens also popularized the Frank Reade dime novel series, having taken the reins from Harry Enton (real name Harold Cohen). Jack Wright appeared

title: The Secret Adventures of Jules Verne

text: — but actually experienced these adventures personally. A television technological historic footnote, this work was the first hour-long series filmed entirely in HDTV format. Jules Verne is a struggling author who joins Phileas, Rebecca, and Passepartout after a chance encounter. Phileas leads the group. Dapper, daring, intelligent, brash, and arrogant, Praed described him as essentially a more flawed version of James Bond. Rebecca Fogg is his second cousin; it is clear that Phileas and Rebecca are attracted to one another, but it remains platonic. Passepartout is Phileas' valet, and an accomplished inventor/mechanician. Although Phileas treats Passepartout very poorly (at least

title: The Fabulous World of Jules Verne

text: 1961 by the American entrepreneur Joseph E. Levine, who had it dubbed into English, christened "The Fabulous World of Jules Verne," and released by Warner Bros. Pictures as part of a double feature for children paired with "Bimbo the Great". In this release, many of the cast and crew were billed with anglicized names; for example, Lubor Tokoš, Arnošt Navrátil, and Miloslav Holub were credited as Louis Tock, Ernest Navara, and Milo Holl, respectively. The American release also replaced the original introductory segment with one hosted by American television star Hugh Downs. Following the American release, the film won several

title: The Fabulous World of Jules Verne

text: countries around the world, where it received widespread attention. It is considered the most successful Czech film ever made. A gang of pirates kidnap a scientist and two others to get the secret of the scientist's futuristic weapon to aid them with their piracy. Karel Zeman, a Czech film director and animator, was deeply influenced by the novels of Jules Verne, making four feature films between 1955 and 1970 drawing extensively on Verne's "Voyages Extraordinaires" series. The first of these, "Journey to the Beginning of Time", was inspired by "Journey to the Center of the Earth" and featured a scene

title: Jules Verne

text: French scholars and writers, Verne's reputation skyrocketed in France. Roland Barthes' seminal essay "Nautilus et Bateau Ivre" ("The Nautilus and the Drunken Boat") was influential in its exegesis of the "Voyages extraordinares" as a purely literary text, while book-length studies by such figures as Marcel Moré and Jean Chesneaux considered Verne from a multitude of thematic vantage points. French literary journals devoted entire issues to Verne and his work, with essays by such imposing literary figures as Michel Butor, Georges Borgeaud, Marcel Brion, Pierre Versins, Michel Foucault, René Barjavel, Marcel Lecomte, Francis Lacassin, and Michel Serres; meanwhile, Verne's entire published

title: Jules Verne

text: seen as the ultimate snub. This bifurcation of Verne as a popular genre writer but a critical "persona non grata" continued after his death, with early biographies (including one by Verne's own niece, Marguerite Allotte de la Fuÿe) focusing on error-filled and embroidered hagiography of Verne as a popular figure rather than on Verne's actual working methods or his output. Meanwhile, sales of Verne's novels in their original unabridged versions dropped markedly even in Verne's home country, with abridged versions aimed directly at children taking their place. However, the decades after Verne's death also saw the rise in France of

title: Jules Verne

text: was published by Hetzel on 31 January 1863. To secure his services for the planned magazine, to be called the "Magasin d'Éducation et de Récréation" ("Magazine of Education and Recreation"), Hetzel also drew up a long-term contract in which Verne would give him three volumes of text per year, each of which Hetzel would buy outright for a flat fee. Verne, finding both a steady salary and a sure outlet for writing at last, accepted immediately. For the rest of his lifetime, most of his novels would be serialized in Hetzel's "Magasin" before their appearance in book form, beginning with

title: Jules Verne

text: secure source of income, as well as a chance to court Morel in earnest, he jumped at her brother's offer to go into business with a brokerage. Verne's father was initially dubious but gave in to his son's requests for approval in November 1856. With his financial situation finally looking promising, Verne won the favor of Morel and her family, and the couple were married on 10 January 1857. Verne plunged into his new business obligations, leaving his work at the Théâtre Lyrique and taking up a full-time job as an "agent de change" on the Paris Bourse, where he

title: Jules Verne

text: the theatre for several years after Seveste's death, seeing additional productions to fruition. He also continued to write plays and musical comedies, most of which were not performed. In May 1856, Verne traveled to Amiens to be the best man at the wedding of a Nantes friend, Auguste Lelarge, to an Amiens woman named Aimée du Fraysse de Viane. Verne, invited to stay with the bride's family, took to them warmly, befriending the entire household and finding himself increasingly attracted to the bride's sister, Honorine de Viane Morel, a widow aged 26 with two young children. Hoping to find a

title: Jules Verne

text: ambition, followed soon afterward by "A Winter Amid the Ice", a polar adventure story whose themes closely anticipated many of Verne's novels. The "Musée" also published some nonfiction popular science articles which, though unsigned, are generally attributed to Verne. Verne's work for the magazine was cut short in 1856, when he had a serious quarrel with Pitre-Chevalier and refused to continue contributing (a refusal he would maintain until 1863, when Pitre-Chevalier died, and the magazine went to new editorship). While writing stories and articles for Pitre-Chevalier, Verne began to form the idea of inventing a new kind of novel, a

title: Jules Verne

text: newly developing genre of literature: that of travel writing. In 1852, two new pieces from Verne appeared in the "Musée des familles": "Martin Paz", a novella set in Lima, which Verne wrote in 1851 and published 10 July through 11 August 1852, and "Les Châteaux en Californie, ou, Pierre qui roule n'amasse pas mousse" ("The Castles in California, or, A Rolling Stone Gathers No Moss"), a one-act comedy full of racy double entendres. In April and May 1854, the magazine published Verne's short story "Master Zacharius", an E. T. A. Hoffmann-like fantasy featuring a sharp condemnation of scientific hubris and

title: Jules Verne

text: and was keen to make sure that the educational component would be made accessible to large popular audiences using a straightforward prose style or an engaging fictional story. Verne, with his delight in diligent research, especially in geography, was a natural for the job. Verne first offered him a short historical adventure story, "The First Ships of the Mexican Navy", written in the style of James Fenimore Cooper, whose novels had deeply influenced him. Pitre-Chevalier published it in July 1851, and in the same year published a second short story, "A Voyage in a Balloon"(August 1851). The latter story, with

title: Jules Verne

text: I could have recited by heart whole pages of "Notre Dame de Paris", but it was his dramatic work that most influenced me." Another source of creative stimulation came from a neighbor: living on the same floor in the Rue de l'Ancienne-Comédie apartment house was a young composer, Aristide Hignard, with whom Verne soon became good friends, and Verne wrote several texts for Hignard to set as chansons. During this period, Verne's letters to his parents primarily focused on expenses and on a suddenly appearing series of violent stomach cramps, the first of many he would suffer from during his

title: Jules Verne

text: of political upheaval: the French Revolution of 1848. In February, Louis Philippe I had been overthrown and had fled; on 24 February, a provisional government of the French Second Republic took power, but political demonstrations continued, and social tension remained. In June, barricades went up in Paris, and the government sent Louis-Eugène Cavaignac to crush the insurrection. Verne entered the city shortly before the election of Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte as the first president of the Republic, a state of affairs that would last until the French coup of 1851 . In a letter to his family, Verne described the bombarded state

title: Jules Verne

text: took the baccalauréat at Rennes and received the grade "Fairly good" on 29 July 1846. By 1847, when Verne was 19, he had taken seriously to writing long works in the style of Victor Hugo, beginning "Un prêtre en 1839" and seeing two verse tragedies, "Alexandre VI" and "La Conspiration des poudres" ("The Gunpowder Plot"), to completion. However, his father took it for granted that Verne, being the firstborn son of the family, would not attempt to make money in literature but would instead inherit the family law practice. In 1847, Verne's father sent him to Paris, primarily to begin

title: Jules Verne

text: Verne secretly procured a spot as cabin boy on the three-mast ship "Coralie" with the intention of traveling to the Indies and bringing back a coral necklace for his cousin Caroline. The evening the ship set out for the Indies, it stopped first at Paimboeuf where Pierre Verne arrived just in time to catch his son and make him promise to travel "only in his imagination". It is now known that the legend is an exaggerated tale invented by Verne's first biographer, his niece Marguerite Allotte de la Füye, though it may have been inspired by a real incident. In

title: Jules Verne

text: Quai Jean-Bart, where Verne's brother Paul was born the same year. Three sisters, Anna (1836), Mathilde (1839), and Marie (1842) would follow. In 1834, at the age of six, Verne was sent to boarding school at 5 Place du Bouffay in Nantes. The teacher, Mme Sambin, was the widow of a naval captain who had disappeared some 30 years before. Mme Sambin often told the students that her husband was a shipwrecked castaway and that he would eventually return like Robinson Crusoe from his desert island paradise. The theme of the Robinsonade would stay with Verne throughout his life and