query: who owns wikimedia foundation?

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: Wikimedia Foundation The Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. (WMF, or simply Wikimedia) is an American non-profit and charitable organization headquartered in San Francisco, California. It is mostly known for participating in the Wikimedia movement. It owns the internet domain names of most movement projects and hosts sites like Wikipedia. The foundation was founded in 2003 by Jimmy Wales as a way to fund Wikipedia and its sibling projects through non-profit means. , the foundation employs over 280 people, with annual revenues in excess of . María Sefidari is chair of the board. Katherine Maher has been the executive director since March 2016.

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: pointing out that such an endowment was already created in 2016, confusing creating an endowment with building up an existing endowment. As of July 2018 the WMF can still dip into the principal if times get bad. Wikimedia Foundation The Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. (WMF, or simply Wikimedia) is an American non-profit and charitable organization headquartered in San Francisco, California. It is mostly known for participating in the Wikimedia movement. It owns the internet domain names of most movement projects and hosts sites like Wikipedia. The foundation was founded in 2003 by Jimmy Wales as a way to fund Wikipedia and

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: The Wikimedia Foundation has the stated goal of developing and maintaining open content, wiki-based projects and providing the full contents of those projects to the public free of charge. Another main objective of the Wikimedia Foundation is political advocacy. The Wikimedia Foundation was granted section 501(c)(3) status by the U.S. Internal Revenue Code as a public charity in 2005. Its National Taxonomy of Exempt Entities (NTEE) code is B60 (Adult, Continuing education). The foundation's by-laws declare a statement of purpose of collecting and developing educational content and to disseminate it effectively and globally. In 2001, Jimmy Wales, an Internet entrepreneur,

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: and Larry Sanger, an online community organizer and philosophy professor, founded Wikipedia as an Internet encyclopedia to supplement Nupedia. The project was originally funded by Bomis, Jimmy Wales's for-profit business. As Wikipedia's popularity increased, revenues to fund the project stalled. Since Wikipedia was depleting Bomis's resources, Wales and Sanger thought of a charity model to fund the project. The Wikimedia Foundation was incorporated in Florida on June 20, 2003. It applied to the United States Patent and Trademark Office to trademark "Wikipedia" on September 14, 2004. The mark was granted registration status on January 10, 2006. Trademark protection was accorded

title: Wikimedia movement

text: Wiktionary became the second wiki-based project hosted on Jimmy Wales' platform, and three months before the Wikimedia Foundation was announced and incorporated. "Wikimedia" may also refer to the Wikimedia projects. The Wikipedia community is the community of contributors of the online encyclopedia Wikipedia. It consists of editors (or contributors) and administrators, known as admins. The Arbitration Committee is a panel of editors responsible for conducting arbitration to resolve serious disputes between editors of the encyclopedia. The committee has the authority to impose binding sanctions, and also determines which users have access to special permissions. Wikimedia projects include: The Wikimedia Foundation

title: Wikimedia Commons

text: hosting large amounts of amateur pornography, often uploaded by exhibitionists who exploit the site for personal gratification, and who are enabled by sympathetic administrators. In 2012, BuzzFeed described Wikimedia Commons as "littered with dicks". In 2010, Wikipedia co-founder Larry Sanger reported Wikimedia Commons to the FBI for hosting sexualized images of children known as "lolicon". After this was reported in the media, Jimmy Wales, founder of the Wikimedia Foundation which hosts Commons, used his administrator status to delete several images without discussion from the Commons community. Wales responded to the backlash from the Commons community by voluntarily relinquishing some site

title: Knowledge Engine (Wikimedia Foundation)

text: Engine By Wikipedia will democratize the discovery of media, news and information—it will make the Internet's most relevant information more accessible and openly curated, and it will create an open data engine that's completely free of commercial interests. Our new site will be the Internet's first transparent search engine, and the first one that carries the reputation of Wikipedia and the Wikimedia Foundation." KE is not intended to compete with Google Search as a universal search engine, says WMF. Jimmy Wales stated that suggestions that the WMF is creating a rival to Google are "trolling", "completely and utterly false", and

title: Knowledge Engine (Wikimedia Foundation)

text: will democratize the discovery of media, news and information—it will make the Internet's most relevant information more accessible and openly curated, and it will create an open data engine that's completely free of commercial interests. Our new site will be the Internet's first transparent search engine, and the first one that carries the reputation of Wikipedia and the Wikimedia Foundation." KE is not intended to compete with Google Search as a universal search engine, says WMF. Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales allowed that the KE might in time also include academic and open access sources in its search results. Matt Southern

title: Wikimedia Bangladesh

text: February, 2015, which event was organized by Wikimedia Bangladesh and sponsored by Telenor. Jimmy Wales, founder of the Wikimedia Foundation presented as a chief guest of the program. This event was attended by around 300 invited participants including Wikimedians and other respected guests from different universities as well as from the government. New Wikimedia contributors from seven divisions of Bangladesh also awarded in this event. In the 2015, there are another celebration as the Bangla Wikipedia 10th Anniversary Conference 2015 was held on 30th May 2015 at Daffodil International University in Dhaka. About 300 Wikipedians from Bangladesh and West Bengal

title: Wikimedia movement

text: (WMF) is an American non-profit and charitable organization headquartered in San Francisco, California. It owns the domain names and operates most of the movement's websites, like Wikipedia, the online encyclopedia, as well as Wikimedia Commons. The WMF was founded in 2003 by Jimmy Wales as a way to fund Wikipedia and its sister projects through non-profit means. Its purpose is "... to empower and engage people around the world to collect and develop educational content under a free license or in the public domain, and to disseminate it effectively and globally." According to the WMF's 2015 financial statements, in 2015

title: Litigation involving the Wikimedia Foundation

text: Litigation involving the Wikimedia Foundation The Wikimedia Foundation has been involved in several lawsuits. Some of them have gone in favor of the Foundation, others have gone against it. In May 2011, Louis Bacon obtained a court order against the Wikimedia Foundation to compel it to reveal the identity of the editors who defamed him on Wikipedia. However, the order was obtained in the UK, and is therefore unenforceable in the United States. Barbara Bauer, a literary agent, sued Wikimedia Foundation (which owns Wikipedia) for defamation. She claimed that a Wikipedia entry branded her the “dumbest” literary agent. But the

title: Wikimedia Bangladesh

text: Wikimedia Bangladesh Wikimedia Bangladesh Foundation (aka Wikimedia Bangladesh or WikimediaBD) is a registered charity established to support volunteers in Bangladesh who work on Wikimedia projects such as Wikipedia. It is a Wikimedia chapter approved by the Wikimedia Foundation which owns and hosts those projects. The chapter has several collaborations with educational and other institutions and has organized events for the volunteers aimed at adding content to Foundation projects. It has a temporary office in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It was approved by Wikimedia Board of trustees at October 3, 2011 and was the 39th local chapter to be approved by the Wikimedia

title: Wikimedia Polska

text: Wikimedia Polska was officially inscribed on the list of public benefit organizations held by the Polish Ministry of Justice. WMPL has a permanent office in Łódź, Poland. As a Polish chapter of Wikimedia Foundation, the WMPL collaborates with museums and other institutions and has organised events for volunteers aimed at adding content to Foundation projects. Wikimedia Polska Wikimedia Polska (WMPL; ) is a Polish public benefit organization established to support volunteers in Poland who work on Wikimedia projects such as Wikipedia. As such, it is a Wikimedia chapter approved by the Wikimedia Foundation which owns and hosts those projects. Wikimedia

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: recognition of chapters and thematic organizations are made to the foundation's board by an , composed of Wikimedia community volunteers. The Affiliations Committee approves the recognition of individual user groups. While movement affiliates are formally recognized by the Wikimedia Foundation, they are independent of the Wikimedia Foundation, with no legal control of nor responsibility for the Wikimedia projects. The foundation began recognizing chapters in 2004. In 2010, development on additional models began. In 2012, the foundation approved, finalized, and adopted the thematic organization and user group recognition models. An additional model, movement partners, was also approved but has not yet

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: been finalized or adopted. Each year, an international conference called Wikimania brings the people together who are involved in the Wikimedia organizations and projects. The first Wikimania was held in Frankfurt, Germany, in 2005. Nowadays, Wikimania is organized by a committee supported usually by the national chapter, in collaboration with the Wikimedia Foundation. Wikimania has been held in cities such as Buenos Aires, Cambridge, Haifa, Hong Kong, and London. In 2015, Wikimania took place in Mexico City. In 2016, Wikimania was held in Esino Lario, Italy. In response to the growing size and popularity of Wikipedia, the Wikimedia Foundation announced

title: Wikimedia UK

text: Wikimedia UK Wikimedia UK (WMUK) is a registered charity established to support volunteers in the United Kingdom who work on Wikimedia projects such as Wikipedia. As such, it is a Wikimedia chapter approved by the Wikimedia Foundation which owns and hosts those projects. Wikimedia UK started out as Wiki Educational Resources Limited, but due to financial difficulties and other problems the organization dissolved and was replaced by Wiki UK Limited. After its first attempt to gain charitable status in 2009 failed, the group subsequently made changes to its charter in order to satisfy the charity criteria and was recognized as

title: Wikimedia Polska

text: Wikimedia Polska Wikimedia Polska (WMPL; ) is a Polish public benefit organization established to support volunteers in Poland who work on Wikimedia projects such as Wikipedia. As such, it is a Wikimedia chapter approved by the Wikimedia Foundation which owns and hosts those projects. Wikimedia Polska was started in April 2005 by a group of Polish Wikipedians at Meta-Wiki. In August of that year 26 first members gathered at a wiki meetup in Kraków to elect the board members and vote on the statute of the new association. It was officially registered on 15 November 2005. On 28 March 2007

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: given access to this feed free of charge. In July 2014, the foundation announced it would be accepting Bitcoin donations. Since the end of fiscal year ended 2004, the foundation's net assets have grown from to at the end of fiscal year ended June 30, 2014. Under the leadership of Sue Gardner, who joined the Wikimedia Foundation in 2007, the foundation's staff levels, number of donors and revenue have seen very significant growth. In 2007, Charity Navigator gave Wikimedia an overall rating of three out of four possible stars Charity Navigator gave three out of four possible stars in overall

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: 2008, the foundation announced a large donation, at the time its largest donation yet: a three-year, grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. In 2009, the foundation received four grants – the first grant was a Stanton Foundation grant which was aimed to help study and simplify user interface for first-time authors of Wikipedia. The second was a Ford Foundation grant, given in July 2009, for Wikimedia Commons that aimed to improve the interfaces and workflows for multimedia uploading on Wikimedia websites. In August 2009, the foundation received a grant from The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation. Lastly, in August

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: 2011 and the remaining was scheduled to be funded in August 2012 and 2013. As a major donor, Doron Weber from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation gained Board Visitor status at the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. In August 2011, the Stanton Foundation pledged to fund a grant of which was funded and the remaining was due to be funded in September 2012. As of 2011, this was the largest grant received by the Wikimedia Foundation to-date. In November 2011, the foundation received a donation from Google co-founder Sergey Brin and his wife. In 2012, the foundation was awarded a

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: is exempt from federal income tax and from state income tax. It is not a private foundation, and contributions to it qualify as tax-deductible charitable contributions. The continued technical and economic growth of each of the Wikimedia projects is dependent mostly on donations but the Wikimedia Foundation also increases its revenue by alternative means of funding such as grants, sponsorship, services and brand merchandising. The Wikimedia OAI-PMH update feed service, targeted primarily at search engines and similar bulk analysis and republishing, has been a source of revenue for several years, but is no longer open to new customers. DBpedia was

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: a Strategic Plan to improve and sustain the Wikimedia movement. The plan was announced in July 2009, followed by a process of interviews and surveys with people from across the Wikimedia movement, including board of trustees, members of staff and volunteer editors. The ongoing plan was intended to be the basis of a five-year plan to further outreach, improve content quality and quality control, and optimising operational areas such as finance and infrastructure. In December 2008, the Wikimedia Foundation announced a restricted donation grant of from the Stanton Foundation, to improve Wikipedia's accessibility. Later named the Wikipedia Usability Initiative, the

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: by Lee Daniel Crocker. Several MediaWiki extensions are to extend the functionality of MediaWiki software. In April 2005, a Lucene extension was added to MediaWiki's built-in search and Wikipedia switched from MySQL to Lucene for searching. Currently Lucene Search 2.1, which is written in Java and based on Lucene library 2.3, is used. Wikimedia Foundation also uses CiviCRM and WordPress. The foundation published official Wikipedia mobile apps for Android and iOS devices and in March 2015, the apps were updated to include mobile user friendly features. The Wikimedia Foundation relies on public contributions and grants to fund its mission. It

title: Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA

text: decision in "Clapper v. Amnesty International US". The Wikimedia Foundation said it expected to appeal the decision. The Foundation said its complaint had merit, and that there was no question that Upstream surveillance captured the communications of both its user community and the Wikimedia Foundation itself. The Electronic Frontier Foundation, who had filed an "amicus brief" in support of the plaintiffs, said it was perverse to dismiss a suit for lack of proof (standing) when the surveillance program complained of was secret, and urged federal courts to tackle the serious constitutional issues that Upstream surveillance presents. The plaintiffs filed an

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: rating for fiscal years 2008 and 2009 which improved to four-stars in 2010. As of December 2016, the overall rating was four stars. The Wikimedia Foundation expenses mainly concern salaries, wages and other professional operating and services. In 2008, the foundation received a grant by the Open Society Institute to create a printable version of Wikipedia. It also received a grant by the Stanton Foundation to purchase hardware, a unrestricted grant by Vinod and Neeru Khosla, who later that year joined the foundation Advisory Board, from the historians Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin foundation (Arcadia ), among others. In March

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: incremental rollout to catch show-stopping bugs". In 2017, an op-ed published by "The Signpost", English Wikipedia online newspaper, titled "Wikipedia has cancer" produced a heated debate both in the Wikipedian community and the wider public. The author criticized the Wikimedia Foundation for its ever-increasing annual spending which, he argued, could put the project at financial risk should an unexpected event happen. The author proposed to put a cap on spending, build up its existing endowment, and restructure the endowment so that the WMF cannot dip into the principal when times get bad. Wikimedia Foundation Executive Director, Katherine Maher responded by

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: some members of the community voiced their concerns about the fundraising banners. They argued that they were obtrusive for users and that they could be deceiving potential donors by giving the perception that Wikipedia had immediate financial issues, which was not the case. The Wikimedia Foundation vowed to improve wording on further fundraising campaigns to avoid these issues. In June 2015, James Heilman was elected by the community to the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. In December 2015, the Board removed Heilman from his position as a Trustee, a decision that generated substantial controversy amongst members of the Wikipedia community.

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: there has been a specific complaint; otherwise, the Wikimedia Foundation does not check any of the content published on Wikipedia and has no duty to do so. In June 2014, a copyright infringement lawsuit was filed by Bildkonst Upphovsrätt i Sverige against Wikimedia Sweden. On June 20, 2014, a defamation lawsuit (Law Division civil case No. L-1400-14) involving Wikipedia editors was filed with the Mercer County Superior Court in New Jersey seeking, inter alia, compensatory and punitive damages. In a March 10, 2015, op-ed for "The New York Times", Wales and Tretikov announced the foundation was filing a lawsuit against

text: cease and desist from using its seal on Wikipedia. The FBI claimed that such practice was illegal and threatened to sue. In reply, Wikimedia counsel Michael Godwin sent a counter notice to the FBI claiming that Wikipedia was not in the wrong when it displayed the FBI seal on its website. He defended Wikipedia's actions and also refused to remove the seal. In March 2015, the Wikimedia Foundation, along with other groups, sued the National Security Agency over its upstream mass surveillance program. Litigation involving the Wikimedia Foundation The Wikimedia Foundation has been involved in several lawsuits. Some of them

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: antitrust law. The participating companies paid US$415 million in a class action suit on behalf of affected employees. The advisory board, according to the Wikimedia Foundation, is an international network of experts who have agreed to give the foundation meaningful help on a regular basis in many different areas, including law, organizational development, technology, policy, and outreach. Appointed members for the period from June 16, 2017 to June 30, 2018 were: In 2004, the foundation appointed Tim Starling as developer liaison to help improve the MediaWiki software, Daniel Mayer as chief financial officer (finance, budgeting, and coordination of fund drives),

title: Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA

text: affirmed the dismissal by Ellis of the suits by the other plaintiffs; in its finding the court noted that the non-Wikimedia plaintiffs had not made a strong enough case that their operations were affected by Upstream's scope. Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA The suit was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland as the NSA is based in Fort Meade, Maryland. The suit was dismissed in October 2015 by Judge T. S. Ellis III; this decision was appealed four months later to the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals by the Wikimedia Foundation. The Court of Appeals

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: which was perceived as a conflict with Wikimedia community's transparency. In fact, most of the information available to the community was received through leaked documents published by "The Signpost" in 2016. Following this controversy, Wikimedia Foundation Executive Director Lila Tretikov resigned. Wales was confronted with allegations that the WMF had "a miserable cost/benefit ratio and for years now has spent millions on software development without producing anything that actually works". Wales acknowledged in 2014 that he had "been frustrated as well about the endless controversies about the rollout of inadequate software not developed with sufficient community consultation and without proper

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: of "more reliable connectivity" and "fewer hurricanes". In years prior, the hurricane seasons had been cause of distress. In October 2013, Wikimedia Foundation started looking for second facility that would be used side-by-side with the main facility in Ashburn, citing reasons of redundancy (e.g. emergency fallback) and to prepare for simultaneous multi-datacentre service. This follows the year in which a fiber cut caused the Wikimedia projects to be unavailable for one hour in August 2012. Apart from the second facility for redundancy coming online in 2014, the number of servers needed to run the infrastructure in a single facility has

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: to like-minded organizations and potential partners, a better talent pool, as well as cheaper and more convenient international travel than is available from St. Petersburg, Florida. The move from Florida was completed by 31 January 2008 with the headquarters on Stillman Street in San Francisco. In 2009, the Wikimedia Foundation's headquarters moved to New Montgomery Street. Lila Tretikov was appointed executive director of the Wikimedia Foundation in May 2014. She resigned in March 2016. Former chief communications officer Katherine Maher was appointed the interim executive director, a position made permanent in June 2016. In October 2017, the headquarters moved to

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: 2009, the Omidyar Network committed a in grant to Wikimedia. In 2010, Google donated to the foundation. The Stanton Foundation granted $1.2 million to fund the Public Policy Initiative, a pilot program for what would later become the Wikipedia Education Program (and the spinoff Wiki Education Foundation). Also in 2010, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation pledged a grant and all was funded during 2011. In March 2011, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation authorized another grant to continue to develop and maintain the foundation's mission. The grant was to be funded over three years with the first funded in July

title: Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA

text: Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA The suit was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland as the NSA is based in Fort Meade, Maryland. The suit was dismissed in October 2015 by Judge T. S. Ellis III; this decision was appealed four months later to the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals by the Wikimedia Foundation. The Court of Appeals found that the dismissal was valid for all of the plaintiffs except the Foundation, whose allegations the court found "plausible" enough to have legal standing for the case to be remanded to the lower court. The original

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: and its financing, and indicated that his attempts to make public the Knight Foundation grant for the engine had been a factor in his dismissal. The volunteer community re-elected him to the Wikimedia Foundation board in 2017. Knowledge Engine was a search engine project initiated in 2015 by the WMF to locate and display verifiable and trustworthy information on the Internet. The goal of the KE was to be less reliant on traditional search engines and it was funded with a grant from the Knight Foundation. The project was perceived as a scandal, mainly because it was conceived in secrecy,

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: not. Attorney Matt Zimmerman stated, "Without strong liability protection, it would be difficult for Wikipedia to continue to provide a platform for user-created encyclopedia content." In December 2011, the foundation hired Washington, DC lobbyist Dow Lohnes Government Strategies LLC to lobby the United States Congress with regard to "Civil Rights/Civil Liberties" and "Copyright/Patent/Trademark." At the time of the hire the Foundation was concerned specifically about a bill known as the Stop Online Piracy Act. In October 2013, a German Court ruled that the Wikimedia Foundation can be held liable for content added to Wikipedia – however, this applies only when

title: Knowledge Engine (Wikimedia Foundation)

text: a result of the KE project. Culminating after several weeks of crisis, WMF Executive Director Tretikov resigned on February 25, 2016, as a result of the controversy. Former Deputy Director of the WMF Erik Möller, up to April 2015, portrayed the recent events as "very much out of control" and "a crisis." Wales had previously attempted to create a search engine, but Wikia Search failed in 2009. Knowledge Engine (Wikimedia Foundation) Knowledge Engine (KE) is a search engine project initiated in 2015 by the Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) to locate and display verifiable and trustworthy information on the Internet. The goal

title: Knowledge Engine (Wikimedia Foundation)

text: Knowledge Engine (Wikimedia Foundation) Knowledge Engine (KE) is a search engine project initiated in 2015 by the Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) to locate and display verifiable and trustworthy information on the Internet. The goal of the KE is to be less reliant on traditional search engines. The KE aims to change the behavior of readers to stay on Wikipedia.org and other Wikipedia-related projects rather than return to their favorite search engines to find additional information. According to the WMF, the KE will protect user privacy, be open and transparent about how a piece of information originates, and allow access to metadata.

title: National Portrait Gallery and Wikimedia Foundation copyright dispute

text: States. The letter also claims that by making the images freely available on Wikimedia Commons, Coetzee would also be liable under the British Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 for any copyright infringement committed by other users who download and use the images. Erik Möller, deputy director of the Wikimedia Foundation, made a statement on the issue, clarifying the stance of the Wikimedia Foundation on the incident. Möller stated that although the NPG has agreed that the images are in the public domain, the NPG had contended that they own the exclusive rights to their reproductions of the images, using

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: on February 17, 2016. In February 2016, Lila Tretikov announced her resignation as executive director, as a result of the WMF's controversial Knowledge Engine project and disagreements with the staff. In January 2016, the foundation announced the creation of an endowment to ensure the continuity of the project in the future. The Wikimedia Endowment was established as a collective action fund at the Tides Foundation and its goal is to raise in the next 10 years. Craig Newmark was one of the initial donors, giving to the endowment. In 2018, Amazon.com gave to the endowment. During the 2015 fundraising campaign,

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: the foundation in July 2007, and Sue Gardner was hired as consultant and special advisor (later CEO). Doran's departure from the organization was cited by Florence Devouard as one of the reasons the foundation took about seven months to release its fiscal 2007 financial audit. Danny Wool, officially the grant coordinator but also largely involved in fundraising and business development, resigned in March 2007. He accused Wales of misusing the foundation's funds for recreational purposes, and said that Wales had his Wikimedia credit card taken away in part because of his spending habits, a claim Wales denied. In February 2007,

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: One Montgomery Tower. Content on most Wikimedia Foundation websites is licensed for redistribution under of the Attribution and Share-alike Creative Commons licenses. This content is sourced from contributing volunteers and from resources with few or no copyright restrictions, such as copyleft material and works in the public domain. In addition to Wikipedia, the foundation operates eleven other wikis that follow the free content model with their main goal being the dissemination of knowledge. These include, by launch date: Several additional projects exist to provide infrastructure or coordination of the free knowledge projects. For instance, gives guidelines for best practices on

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: by Japan on December 16, 2004, and, in the European Union, on January 20, 2005. There were plans to license the use of the Wikipedia trademark for some products, such as books or DVDs. The name "Wikimedia", a compound of wiki and media, was coined by American author Sheldon Rampton in a post to the English mailing list in March 2003, three months after Wiktionary became the second wiki-based project hosted on Wales' platform. In April 2005, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service approved the foundation as an educational foundation in the category "Adult, Continuing education", meaning all contributions to the

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: encouraging the use of Wikimedia sites. These include: Wikimedia movement affiliates are independent, but formally recognized, groups of people intended to work together to support and contribute to the Wikimedia movement. The Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees has approved three active models for movement affiliates: chapters, thematic organizations, and user groups. Movement affiliates are intended to organize and engage in activities to support and contribute to the Wikimedia movement, such as regional conferences, outreach, edit-a-thons, hackathons, public relations, public policy advocacy, GLAM engagement, and Wikimania. Recognition of a chapter and thematic organization is approved by the foundation's board. Recommendations on

title: Wikimedia Bangladesh

text: of India attended the conference. State Minister Zunaid Ahmed Palak of ICT Division of the People's Republic of Bangladesh was present at the conference. Eminent writer and journalist Anisul Hoque was present during the award giving ceremony. In 2014, at the Wikimedia Conference in Berlin Stevie met with representatives from Wikimedia Bangladesh to discuss the potential of collaborating on a Bengali language project. Wikimedia Bangladesh Wikimedia Bangladesh Foundation (aka Wikimedia Bangladesh or WikimediaBD) is a registered charity established to support volunteers in Bangladesh who work on Wikimedia projects such as Wikipedia. It is a Wikimedia chapter approved by the Wikimedia

text: intentional false claims that had been published on Wikipedia. Texas Instruments sent a DMCA takedown notice to the Wikimedia Foundation because certain cryptographic keys were made public in the Texas Instruments signing key controversy article. A Wikipedia editor later filed a counter-notice, Texas Instruments did not reply in 10–14 business days as required by the DMCA, and the keys were restored to the article. Two other articles also came under the purview of Wikipedia's office actions because of the DMCA: Damon Dash and Conventional PCI. In July 2010, the FBI sent a letter to the Wikimedia Foundation demanding that it

text: National Portrait Gallery and Wikimedia Foundation copyright dispute In July 2009, lawyers representing the National Portrait Gallery of London (NPG) sent an email letter warning of possible legal action for alleged copyright infringement to Derrick Coetzee, an editor/administrator of the free content multimedia repository Wikimedia Commons, hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. In 2009, a letter sent by representatives of Britain's National Portrait Gallery stated that Derrick Coetzee had downloaded more than 3,300 high-resolution images from the gallery's database of images and had posted them for re-use on Wikimedia Commons. The NPG letter stated the claim that while the painted portraits

title: Wikimedia movement

text: Wikimedia movement The Wikimedia movement, or simply Wikimedia, is the global community of contributors to Wikimedia Foundation projects. The movement was created around Wikipedia's community, and has since expanded to the other Wikimedia projects, including the commons projects Wikimedia Commons and Wikidata, and volunteer software developers contributing to MediaWiki. These volunteers are supported by numerous organizations around the world, including the Wikimedia Foundation, related chapters, thematic organizations, and user groups. The name "Wikimedia", a compound of wiki and media, was coined by American author Sheldon Rampton in a post to the English mailing list in March 2003, three months after

title: Knowledge Engine (Wikimedia Foundation)

text: traffic it had lost to Google. The KE project could change Wikipedia.org to a site that is more similar to a search engine than an online encyclopedia. According to "Vice", "the Wikimedia Foundation, the nonprofit that finances and founded Wikipedia, is interested in creating a search engine that appears squarely aimed at competing with Google." According to "The Guardian", "there was considerable doubt over what the tool was actually intended to be: a search engine aimed at halting a decline in Wikipedia traffic sent by Google, or simply a service for searching within Wikipedia?" According to Search Engine Watch, "Wikimedia

title: Wikimedia movement

text: support and promote the Wikimedia projects locally or on a specific theme, topic, subject, or issue. Once they are recognized by the Affiliations Committee, they enter into a "User Groups Agreement and Code of Conduct" with the foundation. As of November 2018, there are 101 user groups. Wikimedia movement The Wikimedia movement, or simply Wikimedia, is the global community of contributors to Wikimedia Foundation projects. The movement was created around Wikipedia's community, and has since expanded to the other Wikimedia projects, including the commons projects Wikimedia Commons and Wikidata, and volunteer software developers contributing to MediaWiki. These volunteers are supported

title: Wikimedia Israel

text: Wikimedia Israel Wikimedia Israel () is an Israeli nonprofit organization working in cooperation with the Wikimedia Foundation to promote knowledge and education in Israel through the collection and dissemination of free content and the initiation of projects to facilitate access to databases. Wikimedia Israel supports the community of Wikipedia volunteers, recruits new editors, establishes collaborations and partnerships, organizes events and conferences, and promotes the exposure of the public and the media to Wikipedia and the importance of free and shared content. In addition to Wikipedia editors, the organization initiates and supports the work of other volunteers (Wikimedia volunteers) who take

title: Wikimedia Israel

text: 2. Wikimedia Israel has adopted the vision of the Wikimedia Foundation, from which the following goal is inferred: “Imagine a world in which every single person on the planet is given free access to the sum of all human knowledge. That's what we're doing”. Goals: Wikimedia Israel Wikimedia Israel () is an Israeli nonprofit organization working in cooperation with the Wikimedia Foundation to promote knowledge and education in Israel through the collection and dissemination of free content and the initiation of projects to facilitate access to databases. Wikimedia Israel supports the community of Wikipedia volunteers, recruits new editors, establishes collaborations

text: Justice, "copyright can only subsist in subject matter that is original in the sense that it is the author’s own 'intellectual creation'. Given this criteria, it seems unlikely that what is merely a retouched, digitised image of an older work can be considered as 'original'." National Portrait Gallery and Wikimedia Foundation copyright dispute In July 2009, lawyers representing the National Portrait Gallery of London (NPG) sent an email letter warning of possible legal action for alleged copyright infringement to Derrick Coetzee, an editor/administrator of the free content multimedia repository Wikimedia Commons, hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. In 2009, a letter

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: the National Security Agency, calling into question its practice of mass surveillance, which they argued infringed the constitutional rights of the foundation's readers, editors and staff. On October 23, 2015, the United States District Court for the District of Maryland dismissed the suit "Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA" on grounds of standing. US District Judge T. S. Ellis III ruled that the plaintiffs could not plausibly prove they were subject to upstream surveillance, and that their argument is riddled with assumptions, speculations and mathematical gymnastics. The plaintiffs filed an appeal with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: laboratory testing via the Wikipedia website, which was filtered down to ten participants. The results were collated and used by the technology team to improve Wikipedia's usability. The Usability and Experience Study was followed up by the Usability, Experience and Progress Study in September 2009. This study recruited different new and non-editors for in-person trials on a new Wikipedia skin. The initiative ultimately culminated in a new Wikipedia skin named Vector, constructed based on the results of the usability studies. This was introduced by default in stages, beginning in May 2010. In May 2010, the Wikimedia Foundation announced the Public

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: grant was used by the Wikimedia Foundation to appoint project-specific staff to the technology department. A series of surveys were conducted throughout 2009. This began with a qualitative environment survey on MediaWiki extensions, followed by a Qualitative Statistical Survey focusing on volume of edits, number of new users, and related statistics. In March 2009, a usability and experience study was carried out on new and non-editors of the English Wikipedia. The aim was to discover what obstacles participants encountered while editing Wikipedia, ranging from small changes to more complicated syntax such as templates. The study recruited 2500 people for in-person

text: case was dismissed because of the Communications Decency Act. Professional golfer Fuzzy Zoeller, who also felt he was defamed on Wikipedia, did not sue Wikipedia because he was told that his suit would not prevail in light of the Communications Decency Act. He then sued the Miami firm from whose computers the edits were made, but later dropped the case. In 2007, three French nationals sued the Wikimedia Foundation when an article on Wikipedia described them as gay activists. A French court dismissed the defamation and privacy case, ruling that the Foundation was not legally responsible for information in Wikipedia

title: Knowledge Engine (Wikimedia Foundation)

text: feasible, the core issue here is about transparency. The irony is that the Wikimedia Foundation failed to observe one of the movement's own core values ..." A UK Wikipedia editor Ashley van Haeften told "Ars Technica" via e-mail that "Lila, Jimmy, and the rest chose to keep the project and the Knight Foundation application and grant a secret until the projects were underway for six months, and even then this only came to light because it was leaked." Critics say the project's roll out illustrates a disconnect and lack of understanding between a foundation that's increasingly run by people connected

title: Knowledge Engine (Wikimedia Foundation)

text: Commenting on the WMF's Executive Director Lila Tretikov's reluctance to post the donor documents to the volunteer community, referencing privacy concerns, McCambridge sees "a major difference in culture and values assumptions" compared to previous Wikimedia practice. McCambridge said that "the power of important strategic decisions" now rests "between funders and the top of the organizational hierarchy" and is "not shared with volunteer editors." James Heilman, who was dismissed from the WMF's in late 2015, said that while on the Board, he had pushed for greater transparency of the Knight Foundation grant documentation and its financing, and suggested that his push

title: Knowledge Engine (Wikimedia Foundation)

text: as "a crisis." The Knowledge Engine (KE) project is being developed to help send traffic to Wikipedia. "Traffic to Wikipedia coming from Google has fallen as Google has begun incorporating fast facts from Wikipedia articles onto the front page of Google," according to Motherboard. Since that information originated from Wikipedia, it can be considered as part of Wikipedia's aim to expand public knowledge; however, users being able to access Wikipedia data without actually visiting Wikipedia may be seen as a threat to donations that come from readers who visit the site. Although the Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) may not be attempting

text: NPG gallery spokesperson, Eleanor Macnair, stated that "contact has now been made" with the Wikimedia Foundation and "we remain hopeful that a dialogue will be possible." The NPG has stated that it would be willing to permit Wikipedia to use low-resolution images, and that it hoped to avoid taking any further legal action. The NPG had previously attempted to contact the Wikimedia Foundation in April 2009 regarding this issue, but did not receive an immediate response. The British Association of Picture Libraries and Agencies (BAPLA), an image industry trade group, has expressed support for the gallery. In early 2010, an

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: been mostly stable since 2009. As of November 2015, the main facility in Ashburn hosts 520 servers in total, which includes servers for newer services besides Wikimedia project wikis, such as Cloud Services (Toolforge), and various services for metrics, monitoring and other system administration. The operation of Wikimedia depends on MediaWiki, a custom-made, free and open-source wiki software platform written in PHP and built upon the MariaDB database since 2013, previously was using MySQL database. The software incorporates programming features such as a macro language, variables, a transclusion system for templates, and URL redirection. MediaWiki is licensed under the GNU

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: server until 2004, when the server setup was expanded into a distributed multitier architecture. In January 2005, the project ran on 39 dedicated servers in Florida. This configuration included a single master database server running MySQL, multiple database servers, 21 web servers running the Apache HTTP Server, and seven Squid cache servers. By December 2009, Wikimedia ran on co-located servers, with 300 servers in Florida and 44 in Amsterdam. Since 2008, it also switched from multiple different Linux operating system vendors to Ubuntu Linux. By January 2013, Wikimedia transitioned to newer infrastructure an Equinix facility in Ashburn, Virginia; citing reasons

title: Wikimedia Commons

text: has since become an annual event. "Source: " Wikimedia Commons Wikimedia Commons (or simply Commons) is an online repository of free-use images, sounds, and other media files. It is a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. Files from Wikimedia Commons can be used across all Wikimedia projects in all languages, including Wikipedia, Wikibooks, Wikivoyage, Wikispecies, Wikisource, and Wikinews, or downloaded for offsite use. As of 2018, the repository contains over 50 million free media files, managed and editable by registered volunteers. In July 2013, the number of edits on Commons reached 100,000,000. The project was proposed by Erik Möller in March

title: Wikimedia Commons

text: Wikimedia Commons Wikimedia Commons (or simply Commons) is an online repository of free-use images, sounds, and other media files. It is a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. Files from Wikimedia Commons can be used across all Wikimedia projects in all languages, including Wikipedia, Wikibooks, Wikivoyage, Wikispecies, Wikisource, and Wikinews, or downloaded for offsite use. As of 2018, the repository contains over 50 million free media files, managed and editable by registered volunteers. In July 2013, the number of edits on Commons reached 100,000,000. The project was proposed by Erik Möller in March 2004 and launched on September 7, 2004. A

title: Wikimedia UK

text: WMUK, D'arcy Myers, refused to apologise to Shapps, stating that the charity was "not involved" in the controversy. In response to the controversy surrounding Gibraltarpedia, the Wikimedia Foundation announced that it was taking control of UK-based donations to the organization and was appointing an independent investigator to inquire into WMUK's governance standards and processes. The review of WMUK's governance, jointly commissioned by the Wikimedia Foundation and WMUK in October 2012, was carried out by Compass Partnership. The report, released on 7 February 2013, found that the charity's reputation was damaged, and that trustees' conflicts of interest were poorly managed. Wikimedia

title: Wikimedia Commons

text: key motivation behind the setup of a central repository was the desire to reduce duplication of effort across the Wikimedia projects and languages, as the same file had to be uploaded to many different wikis separately before Commons was created. The aim of Wikimedia Commons is to provide a media file repository "that makes available public domain and freely-licensed educational media content to all, and that acts as a common repository for the various projects of the Wikimedia Foundation." The expression "educational" is to be understood according to its broad meaning of "providing knowledge; instructional or informative". Most Wikimedia projects

title: Wikimedia Bangladesh

text: Foundation board. After two and half years letter, it was registered at Joint Stock Companies & Firms – Bangladesh on June 9, 2014 under the Societies Registration Act of Bangladesh and its official name is Wikimedia Bangladesh Foundation. , the Board members comprises: Wikimedia Bangladesh has organized or supported several volunteer efforts to contribute to Foundation projects. In 2012 it organized a is the first ever big-level, conference like outreach event in Chittagong, Bangladesh. This open event was attended by around 300 participants and a good number of schools, colleges, and universities of Chittagong. The event was named after Bangla

title: Knowledge Engine (Wikimedia Foundation)

text: an assessment echoed by James Vincent in "The Verge", Matt McGee in "Search Engine Land", and Jason Koebler in "Vice". Director of Discovery Tomasz Finc noted that "We should be clear that we are building an internal search engine, and we are not building a broad one. Ruth McCambridge said in "Nonprofit Quarterly", "Wikipedia editors have been requesting from December for the grant proposal and grant letter for a project that many surmise is a bid to remain technologically cutting-edge by the Wikimedia Foundation, but which may divert resources and attention from other pressing needs of the community." Generally, large-scale

title: Knowledge Engine (Wikimedia Foundation)

text: not building a global crawler search engine ... Despite headlines, we are not trying to compete with other platforms, including Google. As a non-profit we are noncommercial and support open knowledge. Our focus is on the knowledge contributed on the Wikimedia projects. ... We intend to research how Wikimedia users seek, find, and engage with content. This essential information will allow us to make critical improvements to discovery on the Wikimedia projects." Matt Southern in "Search Engine Journal" attributed media confusion about the KE's scope to the fact that this was "quite a contrast to the original grant application documents",

title: Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA

text: target for HTTP surveillance, the Wikimedia Foundation pushed forward with a legal complaint against the NSA for violating its users' First and Fourth Amendment rights. Since "Clapper", the government itself has confirmed many of the key facts about NSA's Upstream surveillance, including that it conducts suspicionless searches.<ref name="JS 03/30/2015"></ref> ACLU attorney Patrick Toomey noted the lawsuit is particularly relevant as the plaintiffs engage in "hundreds of billions of international communications" annually. Any program of Upstream surveillance must necessarily sweep up a substantial part of these communications. On August 6, 2015, the defendants (National Security Agency, "et al.") brought a motion

title: Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA

text: plaintiffs besides the Wikimedia Foundation were the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International USA, the PEN American Center, the Global Fund for Women, "The Nation" magazine,<ref name="The Nation 03/31/2015"></ref> the Rutherford Institute, and the Washington Office on Latin America. Upstream surveillance was first revealed in May 2013 by Edward Snowden, a former NSA analyst. A previous challenge by the ACLU, "Clapper v. Amnesty International USA", failed for lack of standing. In the light of some of the leaks by Snowden, which included an above Top Secret NSA slide that specifically referred to Wikipedia as a

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: A statement released by the board declared the lack of confidence of his fellow trustees in him as the reasons for his ouster. Heilman later stated that he "was given the option of resigning [by the Board] over the last few weeks. As a community elected member I see my mandate as coming from the community which elected me and thus declined to do so. I saw such a move as letting down those who elected me." He subsequently pointed out that while on the Board, he had pushed for greater transparency regarding the Wikimedia Foundation's controversial Knowledge Engine project

title: Artificial intelligence in Wikimedia projects

text: Artificial intelligence in Wikimedia projects Artificial intelligence is used in Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects for the purpose of developing those projects. Human and bot interaction in Wikimedia projects is routine and iterative. Various projects seek to improve Wikipedia and Wikimedia projects by using artificial intelligence tools. The Objective Revision Evaluation Service (ORES) project is an artificial intelligence service for grading the quality of Wikipedia edits. The Wikimedia Foundation presented the ORES project in November 2015. Detox is a project to prevent users from posting unkind comments in Wikimedia community discussions. Among other parts of the Detox project, the Wikimedia

title: Wikimedia Bangladesh

text: Wikipedia to promote the biggest Bengali language Wikimedia project, Bengali Wikipedia. On 13th November 2013, was officially launched in Bangladesh. Carolynne Schloeder, Director of Mobile Programs of Wikimedia Foundation joined press conference. Also, representatives from top three mobile operators of Bangladesh - Grameenphone, Banglalink and Robi were present at the press conference along with Wikimedia Bangladesh board members. One such effort was the 10th anniversary celebration of Bengali Wikipedia in 2015. Bengali Wikipedia had completed ten years on January 27 in 2014. To celebrate this historic milestone a gala evening was held at Radisson Blu Dhaka Water Garden on 26

text: for understanding the interplay between artificial intelligence applications and human engagement. Artificial intelligence in Wikimedia projects Artificial intelligence is used in Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects for the purpose of developing those projects. Human and bot interaction in Wikimedia projects is routine and iterative. Various projects seek to improve Wikipedia and Wikimedia projects by using artificial intelligence tools. The Objective Revision Evaluation Service (ORES) project is an artificial intelligence service for grading the quality of Wikipedia edits. The Wikimedia Foundation presented the ORES project in November 2015. Detox is a project to prevent users from posting unkind comments in Wikimedia

title: Who Owns My Heart

text: turtle neck while female dancers in lingerie and male dancers in suits, chiropractically challenging dance routines, and symbolism. Cyrus explained, The song was the closing number of Cyrus' Gypsy Heart Tour. Who Owns My Heart "Who Owns My Heart" is a song by American singer Miley Cyrus for her third studio album "Can't Be Tamed" (2010). The song was written by Cyrus, Antonina Armato, Tim James and Devrim Karaoglu, and produced by Armato and James. "Who Owns My Heart" was released on October 22, 2010 by Hollywood Records as the second and final single from Cyrus' third studio album "Can't

title: Who Owns My Heart

text: Disney Channel who went on about violating your godliness." Evan Sawdey of PopMatters also found an alternate answer to the song's chorus. "It’s commerce that owns your heart, Miley, and it always has been", he wrote. Mikael Wood of "Billboard" compared "Who Owns My Heart" to 2010 singles released by The Black Eyed Peas. Nick Levine of Digital Spy said it was a post-GaGa Hi-NRG track inclined to the generic. However, he said lyrical references were a large reminder Cyrus sung the track. Ed Masley of "The Arizona Republic" deemed "Who Owns My Heart" to be one of the best

title: Who Owns My Heart

text: Who Owns My Heart "Who Owns My Heart" is a song by American singer Miley Cyrus for her third studio album "Can't Be Tamed" (2010). The song was written by Cyrus, Antonina Armato, Tim James and Devrim Karaoglu, and produced by Armato and James. "Who Owns My Heart" was released on October 22, 2010 by Hollywood Records as the second and final single from Cyrus' third studio album "Can't Be Tamed" only in selected European countries. It would become her final overall release with Hollywood Records after signing with RCA Records in 2013. The song was written about the feelings

title: Commercial use of Wikimedia projects

text: a category of these applications. In July 2017 a small business reported benefit from using Wikidata in their commercial product. Wikimedia Foundation director Katherine Maher has called on commercial organizations to develop Wikipedia and the shared commons to match their use of it. Commercial use of Wikimedia projects Commercial use of Wikimedia projects refers to any business or product selling content from Wikipedia or Wikimedia projects which it freely took. Wikimedia projects use free and open copyright licenses which means that anyone may share the information for any purpose. Commercial organizations which take without giving back may face criticism or

title: Who Owns the Future?

text: Who Owns the Future? Who Owns the Future? is a book by Jaron Lanier, published in 2013. Lanier posits that the middle class is increasingly disenfranchised from online economies. By convincing users to give away valuable information about themselves in exchange for free services, firms can accrue large amounts of data at virtually no cost. Lanier calls these firms "Siren Servers," alluding to the Sirens of Ulysses. Instead of paying each individual for their contribution to the data pool, the Siren Servers concentrate wealth in the hands of the few who control the data centers. For example, he points to

title: Who Owns My Heart

text: the Austrian Singles Chart, on the week ending November 19, 2010. The following week, "Who Owns My Heart" descended to number 50 and, later, number 54 before completely falling from the chart. On the week ending November 22, 2010, "Who Owns My Heart" debuted and peaked at number 24 on the German Singles Chart. In the succeeding week, the song dropped to number 39. The track continued to descend in positions until spending its last week on the German Singles Chart on the week ending January 10, 2011. The song spent a total of seven weeks on the chart. "Who

text: of digitizing their collection, an effort that the NPG claims cost the organization over £1,000,000. The NPG had requested a response by 20 July 2009 from Coetzee, and also requested that the images be removed from the site, but noted that the NPG was not considering any legal action against the Wikimedia Foundation. The NPG announced that Coetzee had responded via his legal representative by the requested deadline. Coetzee's legal representation was provided by the Electronic Frontier Foundation. Coetzee publicly posted a from the NPG, indicating that he desired to "enable public discourse on the issue". On 17 July 2009,

title: Wikimedia UK

text: projects. The chapter opened its new offices in central London on 14 November, changing its registered address from its previous location in Nottingham. At its 2012 annual conference on 12 May, public relations experts gave a presentation on their efforts to collaborate with Wikimedia. Board member Steve Virgin described these efforts to work with the PR industry as "a positive first step" in establishing best practices to address concerns about the industry's work and conflict of interest editing on Wikipedia. , the board of trustees comprises: Wikimedia UK has organised or supported many volunteer efforts to contribute to Foundation projects.

title: Wikimedia UK

text: The first iteration of Wikimedia UK was founded as Wiki Educational Resources Limited (WER) and was incorporated on 14 February 2006 with Alison Wheeler serving as chair of the board and Chief Executive Officer of WER. WER faced several problems during its time as a chapter organization that included difficulty in its financing efforts and in its relationship with the Wikimedia Foundation (WMF). Its persistent financial difficulties left the organization with debts it was unable to pay and on 28 August 2008 Wheeler announced on the WMUK mailing list that she was planning to call an Extraordinary General Meeting to

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: General Public License and it is used by all Wikimedia projects, as well as many other wiki projects. Originally, Wikipedia ran on UseModWiki written in Perl by Clifford Adams (Phase I), which initially required CamelCase for article hyperlinks; the present double bracket style was incorporated later. Starting in January 2002 (Phase II), Wikipedia began running on a PHP wiki engine with a MySQL database; this software was custom-made for Wikipedia by Magnus Manske. The Phase II software was repeatedly modified to accommodate the exponentially increasing demand. In July 2002 (Phase III), Wikipedia shifted to the third-generation software, MediaWiki, originally written

title: Who owns the state?

text: 2018 Latvian parliamentary election was attorney Aldis Gobzems. KPV LV received the second largest number of votes (14.25%) among the parties participating in the 2018 Latvian parliamentary election and earned 16 seats in the 13th Saeima. After Jānis Bordāns of New Conservative Party (which also earned 16 seats in parliament) was unsuccessful in negotiating a governing coalition, President Raimonds Vējonis nominated Gobzems as Prime Minister of Latvia on November 26th, 2018, however Gobzems was also unsuccessful in forming a government and on December 10 Vējonis withdrew his candidacy. Who owns the state? Who owns the state? or Whom does the

title: Who owns the state?

text: Who owns the state? Who owns the state? or Whom does the country belong to? () is a populist and anti-establishment party in Latvia. It was founded by former Latvian Association of Regions deputy of the Saeima, and since December 2015 independent politician, Artuss Kaimiņš. Initially known as just KPV, it was renamed to KPV LV on June 21, 2016, as an association by the same name already existed. In July 2018, the party experienced a steep rise in ratings, reaching 7.0%, in comparison with 4.4% just a month before, and became the third most popular political party in Latvia.

title: Who Owns the Future?

text: York Times" said: Hiawatha Bray from the "Boston Globe" said: Peter Lawler commented: "The Guardian" said: "The Economist" commented: "The Independent" said: "Columbia Journalism Review": "The Daily Telegraph" said: The "Los Angeles Times" noted: The "New York Times" commented: The "Washington Post" review said: In a somewhat critical review, Evan Hughes of "The New Republic" commented: Who Owns the Future? Who Owns the Future? is a book by Jaron Lanier, published in 2013. Lanier posits that the middle class is increasingly disenfranchised from online economies. By convincing users to give away valuable information about themselves in exchange for free services,

title: Who Owns My Heart

text: Owns My Heart" also charted on the Belgian Tip Singles Chart (Flanders) and the Slovakian Airplay Singles Chart, peaking at number two and 35, respectively. The music video for "Who Owns My Heart" was directed by Robert Hales, who previously directed the video for "Can't Be Tamed", and filmed on November 6 and 7, 2010 at the Meadow Brook Hall in Rochester Hills, Michigan. The video commences with Cyrus asleep, blindfolded on a mattress in a bedroom. She awakens and writhes on the mattress. Following, Cyrus proceeds to a bathroom, her attire is composed of a white tank top, white

title: Who Owns My Heart

text: tsunamis and rodeos. The song's refrains proceed to question, "Who owns my heart? Is it love or is it art?" Tanner Stransky of "Entertainment Weekly" stated, "This song is a pulsy, possibly club-ready jam that deserves single status." Heather Phares of Allmusic used "Who Owns My Heart" as an example of, according to her, a recurring problem on "Can't Be Tamed": "too often, Cyrus equates grown-up with joyless". Alexis Petridis of the United Kingdom magazine "The Guardian" felt the song was a gamely attempt at Lady Gaga. He said the chorus invites the answer: "probably that creepy bloke from the

title: Who Owns My Heart

text: that is inspired by 1980s music. The song is set in common time and has a driving dance tempo of 136 beats per minute. It is written in the key of A minor and Cyrus' vocals span two octaves, from G to C. It follows the chord progression Am–F–Dm–E. "Who Owns My Heart" is heavy in rubbery and bubbling disco synths. Keyboard riffs also drive the song's instrumentation. Lyrically, "Who Owns My Heart" speaks of the thrill of meeting a potential love interest on the dance floor. Verses and the bridge describe the setting using comparisons to numerous things, including

title: Who Owns My Heart

text: charted in Austria, Germany, and Slovakia. A corresponding music video for "Who Owns My Heart" was directed by Robert Hales. It follows Cyrus throughout preparing herself for, arriving, and dancing at a mansion party. The video received criticism from the Parents Television Council for its sexual elements. It resulted in a commercial failure, as no promotion was planned. The song was written by Cyrus in collaboration with Antonina Armato, Tim James, and Devrim Karaoglu. Cyrus described it as a "total dance track" with a cool concept. "Who Owns My Heart" was written about the feelings a club's environment can lead

title: Who Owns My Heart

text: a club's environment can lead someone to believe. "Who Owns My Heart" is musically club-oriented and driven by synths. Lyrically, the song speaks of meeting a potential love interest at a nightclub. The song garnered mixed reception from music critics. Some critics argued it was dull and faceless, while other deemed it one of the best tracks on "Can't Be Tamed". "Who Owns My Heart" failed to become a commercial success, unlike its predecessor "Can't Be Tamed". It managed to perform moderately in Dutch-speaking, European territories, its highest international peak being achieved in Belgium (Flanders), at number two. It also

title: Knowledge Engine (Wikimedia Foundation)

text: with Silicon Valley, and the volunteer community of editors who worry that KE may reflect a change in the WMF's focus from user-generated content to one led by automated data results. After the leaked documents, many on the Wikimedia-L mailing list were calling for Tretikov's resignation. The initial blogpost published by Tretikov and the WMF regarding the KE project still did not adequately explain why the original grant application documents appeared so much larger than merely developing an internal search engine. After that blogpost, calls for Tretikov's resignation heightened, because her employees said the WMF still was not being straightforward

title: Wikimedia Foundation

text: 2015, the foundation received from Monarch Fund, by Arcadia and an undisclosed amount by Stavros Niarchos Foundation to support the Wikipedia Zero initiative. In 2015, a grant agreement was reached with the "John S. and James L. Knight Foundation" to build a search engine called the "Knowledge Engine". In 2017, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation awarded another grant for a three-year period. The foundation's board of trustees has ultimate authority of all the businesses and affairs of the foundation. It is composed of ten members: Three permanent entities support the board on its mission and responsibilities: an executive director, who

title: Wikimedia movement

text: requests its yearly budget at the funds dissemination committee. The foundation as internet domain owner of the project pages requests a share of the donations via the website in a country (e.g., for Germany, Switzerland), or pays a chapter the agreed amount (other chapters). A total of under 4 Mio USD is distributed via this way to chapters and thematic organizations. The legal base is a "Chapters Agreement" with the foundation. Thematic organizations are founded to support Wikimedia projects in a focal area; there is one such organization. User groups have less formal requirements than chapters and thematic organizations. They

title: Richard Lounsbery Foundation

text: takes a special interest in cooperative activities between French and American scholars. It may have been the first philanthropic organization to fund the Wikimedia Foundation. Lounsbery's early role as a benefactor of Wikimedia is recognized for 2005 to 2008 at and for 2008 to 2009 at . A prospective Lounsbery grant in late 2004 accelerated Wikimedia to get US Internal Revenue Service approval as an educational foundation in April 2005. The foundation has funded the work of global warming skeptic Fred Singer, and been listed as a conservative funder of colleges in the United States. Its largest and most frequent