query: what is means testing medicare?

title: Better Medicare Alliance

text: Better Medicare Alliance The Better Medicare Alliance (BMA) is an American 501(c)(4) non-profit advocacy coalition that supports sustaining and improving Medicare Advantage, a private health insurance option available to Medicare beneficiaries. The BMA was one of the most prominent voices in the rate-setting process for MedIcare Advantage in 2015. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) proposed a 2016 average baseline rate decrease of .95% in February 2015. The BMA opposed this reduction with a campaign that included digital and print ads. The BMA was particularly concerned about how access to Medicare Advantage in rural areas might be affected.

title: Medicare Advantage

text: services, including additional health services, and most importantly include an annual out of pocket (OOP) spend limit not included in Parts A and B. A Medicare Advantage beneficiary must first sign up for both Part A and Part B of Medicare. All four Parts of Medicare—A, B and C, and D—are administered by private companies under contract to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Almost all these companies are insurance companies, except for those that administer Medicare Advantage and other Part C plans. Most Medicare Advantage and other Part C plans are administered (CMS uses the term "sponsored")

title: Medicare (United States)

text: Medicare (United States) Medicare is a national health insurance program in the United States, begun in 1966 under the Social Security Administration and now administered by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). It provides health insurance for Americans aged 65 and older. It also provides health insurance to younger people with some disability status as determined by the Social Security Administration, as well as people with end stage renal disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Medicare is funded by a combination of a payroll tax, beneficiary premiums and surtaxes from beneficiaries, and general U.S. Treasury revenue. In 2017, Medicare

title: Medicare (United States)

text: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services). Plans choose which drugs they wish to cover (but must cover at least two drugs in 148 different categories and cover all or "substantially all" drugs in the following protected classes of drugs: anti-cancer; anti-psychotic; anti-convulsant, anti-depressants, immuno-suppressant, and HIV and AIDS drugs). The plans can also specify with CMS approval at what level (or tier) they wish to cover it, and are encouraged to use step therapy. Some drugs are excluded from coverage altogether and Part D plans that cover excluded drugs are not allowed to pass those costs on to Medicare, and

title: Medicare (United States)

text: shown to delay or forgo needed care, jeopardizing their health and possibly increasing their health care costs down the line. Given their lack of medical training, most patients tend to have difficulty distinguishing between necessary and unnecessary treatments. The problem could be exaggerated among the Medicare population, which has low levels of health literacy. The following congressional committees provide oversight for Medicare programs: Medicare (United States) Medicare is a national health insurance program in the United States, begun in 1966 under the Social Security Administration and now administered by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). It provides health

title: Medicare (Australia)

text: Medicare is the major component of the total Commonwealth health budget, taking up about 43% of the total. The program was estimated to cost $18.3 billion in 2007–08. In 2009 before means testing was introduced, the private health insurance rebate was estimated to cost $4 billion, around 20% of the total budget. The overall figure was projected to rise by almost 4% annually in real terms in 2007. In 2013/4 Medicare expenditure was $19 billion and expected to reach $23.6 billion in 2016/7. was inserted by a referendum of 1946, which gave the federal Parliament power, subject to the Constitution,

title: Medicare Advantage

text: private Medigap or group retirement plan. The Part C risk adjusted payments to Medicare Advantage plans are designed to limit this churn between types of Medicare (managed vs. FFS), but it is unclear how effective that policy is. Evidence is mixed on how quality and access compare between Medicare Advantage and "traditional" Medicare. ("traditional" in quotes because it is not the same as Original Medicare; everyone in Medicare must begin by joining Original Medicare; the term "traditional" typically refers to FFS and almost always means the beneficiary has a private group or individually purchased supplement to Original Medicare). Most research

title: Medicare card (Australia)

text: numbers. Such access has been made subject to increasing requirements since the mid-1990s. The widespread use of the Medicare card means a distinction needs to be drawn between the card and failed proposals for an Australia Card. The Medicare card is used for health care purposes only and cannot be used to track in a database a number of activities. It contains a name and number, and no visible photograph. Individuals are not legally required to have a Medicare card, to carry it with them, or to produce it on request. The primary purpose of the Medicare card is to

title: Medicare Resources

text: key for the three parties to co-operate in the actual operation of charity work. The primary mission of Medicare Resources Ltd is to improve the living conditions of the Chinese by providing medical and social services while it also hopes to promote Christianity as well. However, it does not mean that services are exclusive to Christians in China as it also serves non-Christians. Medicare Resources Ltd aims to show its devotion to the underprivileged (even though most of them are not Christians) under the love of god and it is regarded as a means to glorify God. Medicare Resources Ltd

title: Medicare Rights Center

text: policy advocacy. The Clinton health plan proposal was introduced, providing a means for MBDF and other consumer groups to advocate for improvement of the Medicare program. An article was published in the "Journal of Long-Term Home Health Care" outlining eight issues facing people with Medicare based on counseling provided on MBDF's helpline at this time. In 1996, MBDF changed its name to the Medicare Rights Center, Inc. (Medicare Rights). In 1997, with seven staff and 20 volunteers, Medicare Rights launched its first website. Also this year, the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 was enacted, introducing the Medicare + Choice program,

title: Medicare Advantage

text: This OOP limit does not apply to a Part C plan's Part-D-like self-administered drug coverage (which uses another means of addressing catastrophic costs). As with all HMOs—no matter whether a person is on Medicare or not—persons who enroll in a Medicare Advantage or other Part C HMO cannot use certain specialist physicians or out-of-network providers without prior authorization from the HMO, except in emergencies. In almost all Medicare Advantage plans—HMO or otherwise—the beneficiary must choose a primary care physician (PCP) to provide referrals and the beneficiary must confirm that the plan authorizes the visit to which the beneficiary was referred

title: Medicare (United States)

text: rate for their services as payment (typically 80% from Medicare and 20% from the beneficiary). Some non participating doctors do not take assignment, but they also treat Medicare enrollees and are authorized to balance bill no more than a small fixed amount above Medicare's approved rate. A minority of doctors are "private contractors" from a Medicare perspective, which means they opt out of Medicare and refuse to accept Medicare payments altogether. These doctors are required to inform patients that they will be liable for the full cost of their services out-of-pocket, often in advance of treatment. While the majority of

title: Medicare (United States)

text: the following circumstances apply: Those who are 65 and older who choose to enroll in Part A Medicare must pay a monthly premium to remain enrolled in Medicare Part A if they or their spouse have not paid the qualifying Medicare payroll taxes. People with disabilities who receive SSDI are eligible for Medicare while they continue to receive SSDI payments; they lose eligibility for Medicare based on disability if they stop receiving SSDI. The coverage does not begin until 24 month after the SSDI start date. The 24-month exclusion means that people who become disabled must wait two years before

title: Medicare (United States)

text: more costs to Medicare enrollees. Several measures serve as indicators of the long-term financial status of Medicare. These include total Medicare spending as a share of gross domestic product (GDP), the solvency of the Medicare HI trust fund, Medicare per-capita spending growth relative to inflation and per-capita GDP growth; general fund revenue as a share of total Medicare spending; and actuarial estimates of unfunded liability over the 75-year timeframe and the infinite horizon (netting expected premium/tax revenue against expected costs). The major issue in all these indicators is comparing any future projections against current law vs. what the actuaries expect

title: Medicare (United States)

text: difficult to know what their policy covers. and at what cost. Moreover, since Medicare collects data about utilization and costs for its enrollees—data that private insurers treat as trade secrets—it gives researchers key information about health care system performance. Medicare also has an important role driving changes in the entire health care system. Because Medicare pays for a huge share of health care in every region of the country, it has a great deal of power to set delivery and payment policies. For example, Medicare promoted the adaptation of prospective payments based on DRG's, which prevents unscrupulous providers from setting

title: Quality Improvement Organizations (QIOs) in Medicare

text: strives to do this in several ways, including pay for performance, disease management, and accountability measures. Section 721 of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA) authorized development and testing of voluntary chronic care improvement programs, now called Medicare Health Support, to improve the quality of care and life for people living with multiple chronic illnesses. Chronic conditions are a leading cause of illness, disability, and death among Medicare beneficiaries and account for a disproportionate share of health care expenditures. Given that Medicare beneficiaries with heart failure account for 43 percent of Medicare spending, CMS has made heart disease a

title: Medicare Advantage

text: of Medicare (e.g., large cuts in hospital and skilled nursing facility payments under Part A; adding surtaxes to Part D), the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) changed Trustee payments to Medicare Advantage and other Part C plans—versus what they otherwise would have been—by adjusting the way the statutory county benchmarks that kick off the annual Part C Medicare Advantage bidding process were calculated. The intention was to bring the capitated payments closer to the average costs of care per person under Original Medicare. ACA provided bonus payments to plans with ratings of 4 (out of 5) stars or

title: Medicare (United States)

text: in increasing the percentage of rural and inner city poor that could take advantage of the OOP limit and lower co-pays and deductibles—as well as the coordinated medical care—associated with Part C plans. In practice however, one set of Medicare beneficiaries received more benefits than others. The MedPAC Congressional advisory group found in one year the comparative difference for "like beneficiaries" was as high as 14% and have tended to average about 2% higher. The word "like" in the previous sentence is key. MedPAC does not include all beneficiaries in its comparisons and MedPAC will not define what it means

title: What It Means to Be Defeated

text: Tour alongside Upon This Dawning and The Browning. In March and April 2015 the band is part of a concert tour with Courage My Love and Hawthorne Heights. On December 3, 2014, it was announced that the re-issue of "What It Means to Be Defeated" had sold only 410 copies after its re-release on November 24, 2014. What It Means to Be Defeated What It Means to Be Defeated is the debut album by American post-hardcore band Dayseeker which was released on October 29, 2013. On July 8, 2013, it was announced that Dayseeker signed a recording contract with inVogue

title: Medicare (United States)

text: physician, though others are preferred provider organizations (which typically means the provider restrictions are not as confining as with an HMO). Others are hybrids of HMO and PPO called HMO-POS (for point of service) and a few public Part C health plans are actually fee for service hybrids. Public Part C Medicare Advantage health plan members typically also pay a monthly premium in addition to the Medicare Part B premium to cover items not covered by traditional Medicare (Parts A & B), such as the OOP limit, self-administered prescription drugs, dental care, vision care, annual physicals, coverage outside the United

title: Medicare (United States)

text: measure involves only Part A. The trust fund is considered insolvent when available revenue plus any existing balances will not cover 100 percent of annual projected costs. According to the latest estimate by the Medicare trustees (2018), the trust fund is expected to become insolvent in 8 years (2026), at which time available revenue will cover around 85 percent of annual projected costs for Part A services. Since Medicare began, this solvency projection has ranged from two to 28 years, with an average of 11.3 years. This and other projections in Medicare Trustees reports are based on what its actuaries

title: Medicare Advantage

text: Original Medicare Parts A and B, theoretically adding an additional 0.5% ($3 billion) to the cost of the overall Medicare program vs. what would have been spent absent Part C. As in 2009, the major plans within Medicare Advantage causing the lack of parity were Employer Group plans (6 percent more) and the few grandfathered PFFS beneficiaries left (10 percent more). Vanilla HMO and PPO plans—as well as SNPs—cost only 1% more per person in comparing "like set of beneficiaries". Overall, only a few recent studies provide a limited picture of beneficiary experiences since the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was

title: Medicare card (Australia)

text: a Medicare card is generally 30 points. The Medicare scheme entitles most Australian residents to a rebate of medical and some other expenses paid for consultations with a medical practitioner who holds a current provider number. The medical practitioner will usually apply for, maintain and quote a provider number on their tax invoices. Without quoting a valid provider number, a practitioner's patients will not be entitled to a rebate of their medical expenses. A practitioner who is in breach of a contract with the Commonwealth may face a 12-year prohibition on access to a provider number. This means that a

title: Medicare Rights Center

text: to mention limits on what a doctor may charge for a service or what a beneficiary must pay. The judge in the lawsuit noted that the EOB is "gobbledygook." This same year, the National Consumer Helpline was born, run by one staff member (MBDF founder, Diane Archer) and one volunteer. The following year, in 1990, MBDF began publishing consumer-oriented Medicare pamphlets explaining, for example, how to access the Medicare home health benefit and how to appeal a denial of coverage. In the following years, with just around three staff, MBDF continued developing connections between its direct client work and its

title: Means test

text: unsettled definition. Other examples of means testing include Medifund in Singapore and Medical Cards in Ireland. Both are used in the healthcare sector. Australia uses a means test for its Age Pension. Means-testing has been criticized on a number of grounds, the most fundamental of which is the distinction between a social program, which helps all equally or in proportion to their taxation, and a poverty program, which disproportionately helps the poor. For example, William Beveridge, in the Beveridge Report (blueprint for the UK's post-war social system) was opposed to means-testing, due to the poverty trap (below). Issues of a

title: Medicare (United States)

text: total premium, compared to the 25 percent most people pay. Only a negligible number of enrollees fall into the higher income brackets required to bear a more substantial share of their costs—roughly half a percent of individuals and less than three percent of married couples currently pay more than 35 percent of their total Part B costs. There is some concern that tying premiums to income would weaken Medicare politically over the long run, since people tend to be more supportive of universal social programs than of means-tested ones. Medigap restrictions Some Medicare supplemental insurance (or "Medigap") plans cover all

title: Medicare Advantage

text: suggests that enrollees in Medicare HMOs tend to receive more preventative services than beneficiaries in traditional Medicare; however, beneficiaries, especially those in poorer health, tend to rate the quality and access to care in traditional Medicare more favorably than in Medicare Advantage. It is difficult to generalize the results of studies across all plans participating in the program because performance on quality and access metrics varies widely across the types of Medicare Advantage plans and among the dozens of providers of Medicare Advantage plans. Medicare Advantage Medicare Advantage is a type of health insurance that provides coverage within of Medicare

title: Medicare Advantage

text: on which to compare traditional Medicare to Medicare Advantage. It is common for people to continue to work after joining Medicare at age 65, use both Original Medicare (often just Part A) and employer sponsored insurance, and delay deciding between FFS Medicare and capitated-fee Medicare until retirement. Sicker people and people with higher medical expenditures are more likely to switch from Medicare Advantage plans to Original Medicare. This statistic is primarily driven by people on Medicaid in custodial care at nursing home; such people no longer have need of any Medicare supplement, either a public Part C plan or a

title: Medicare fraud

text: government said totaled over $223 million in false billings. The bust took more than 400 law enforcement officers including FBI agents in Miami, Detroit, Los Angeles, New York and other cities to make the arrests. In June 2015, Federal officials charged 243 people including 46 doctors, nurses, and other medical professionals with Medicare fraud schemes. The government said the fraudulent schemes netted approximately $712 million in false billings in what is the largest crackdown undertaken by the Medicare Fraud Strike Force. The defendants were charged in the Southern District of Florida, Eastern District of Michigan, Eastern District of New York,

title: Medicare fraud

text: Medicare fraud In the United States, Medicare fraud is the claiming of Medicare health care reimbursement to which the claimant is not entitled. There are many different types of Medicare fraud, all of which have the same goal: to collect money from the Medicare program illegitimately. The total amount of Medicare fraud is difficult to track, because not all fraud is detected and not all suspicious claims turn out to be fraudulent. According to the Office of Management and Budget, Medicare "improper payments" were $47.9 billion in 2010, but some of these payments later turned out to be valid. The

title: Medicare Advantage

text: include an annual physical exam and vision and/or dental coverage of some sort not covered under Original Medicare Parts A and B. Less often, hearing and wellness benefits not found in Original Medicare are included in a Medicare Advantage plan. The most important difference between a Part C health plan and FFS Original Medicare is that all Part C plans, including capitated-fee Medicare Advantage plans, include a limit on how much a beneficiary will have to spend annually out of pocket; that amount is unlimited in Original Medicare Parts A and B. Most but not all Medicare Advantage plans (and

title: Medicare Advantage

text: Medicare Advantage Medicare Advantage is a type of health insurance that provides coverage within of Medicare in the United States. Medicare Advantage plans pay for managed health care based on a monthly fee per enrollee (capitation), rather than on the basis of billing for each medical service provided (fee-for-service, FFS) for unmanaged healthcare services. Most such plans are health maintenance organizations (HMOs) or preferred provider organizations (PPOs). Medicare Advantage plans finance at a minimum the same medical services as "Original Medicare" Parts A and B Medicare finance via fee-for-service. Part C plans, including Medicare Advantage plans, also typically finance additional

title: What If It All Means Something

text: the "irony of fame", "Weight of the World" "conveys the need for forgiveness". Album - Billboard (North America) Singles - Billboard (North America) What If It All Means Something What If It All Means Something is the third studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Chantal Kreviazuk, released in 2002. According to MTV Taiwan, the album reflects Kreviazuk's personal emotions during the period leading up to its release by implementing folk-inspired piano and her own guitar. "In This Life" describes unconditional love and "selfless dedication. Kreviazuk revealed that "Flying Home (Brenda's Song)" was about her cousin, Brenda, who died at a young

title: What If It All Means Something

text: What If It All Means Something What If It All Means Something is the third studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Chantal Kreviazuk, released in 2002. According to MTV Taiwan, the album reflects Kreviazuk's personal emotions during the period leading up to its release by implementing folk-inspired piano and her own guitar. "In This Life" describes unconditional love and "selfless dedication. Kreviazuk revealed that "Flying Home (Brenda's Song)" was about her cousin, Brenda, who died at a young age. MTV Taiwan also describes "Ready For Your Love" having a "rich oriental style". The channel also described "Julia" and "Miss April" shows

title: What It Means to Be Defeated

text: What It Means to Be Defeated What It Means to Be Defeated is the debut album by American post-hardcore band Dayseeker which was released on October 29, 2013. On July 8, 2013, it was announced that Dayseeker signed a recording contract with inVogue Records. The same day the band released a lyric video from "Hollow Shell" as well as a live music video from "Collision.Survive", which are both featured on the album. The album was mastered by Joey Sturgis who had worked with bands like Emmure, Asking Alexandria and The Devil Wears Prada. On October 6, 2013, the band released

title: Medicare fraud

text: Southern District of Texas, Central District of California, Eastern District of Louisiana, Northern District of Texas, Northern District of Illinois and the Middle District of Florida. Medicare fraud In the United States, Medicare fraud is the claiming of Medicare health care reimbursement to which the claimant is not entitled. There are many different types of Medicare fraud, all of which have the same goal: to collect money from the Medicare program illegitimately. The total amount of Medicare fraud is difficult to track, because not all fraud is detected and not all suspicious claims turn out to be fraudulent. According to

title: Medicare (United States)

text: Part C plans tended to be suburban HMOs tied to major nearby teaching hospitals that cost the government the same as or even 5% less on average than it cost to cover the medical needs of a comparable beneficiary on Original Medicare. The 2003-law payment framework/bidding/rebate formulas overcompensated some Part C plan sponors by 7 percent (2009) on average nationally compared to what Original Medicare beneficiaries cost per person on average nationally that year and as much as 5 percent (2016) less nationally in other years (see any recent year's Medicare Trustees Report, Table II.B.1). The 2003 payment formulas succeeded

title: Medicare Australia

text: Medicare Australia Medicare Australia is one of the Master Programs of the Australian Government Department of Human Services(DHS). Prior to 1 October 2005, Medicare Australia was known as the Health Insurance Commission (HIC). On 1 July 2011, Medicare Australia and Centrelink were integrated into the Department of Human Services by the "Human Services Legislation Amendment Act 2011". Medicare Australia administers health-related programs. It is a prescribed agency under the "Financial Management and Accountability Act 1997 (Cth)" and a statutory agency within the Department of Human Services, under the "Public Service Act 1999 (Cth)". The National Office of Medicare Australia is

title: Medicare Advantage

text: totally accurate either. People can enroll in Medicare Advantage and other Part C health plans either by enrolling when they first become Medicare-eligible and first join both Parts A and B or by switching from traditional Medicare during an annual or special enrollment period as outlined in "Medicare and You, 2018" (there are over a dozen such enrollment periods). For each person who chooses to enroll in a Part C Medicare Advantage or other Part C plan, Medicare pays the health plan a set amount every month ("capitation"). The capitated fee associated with a Medicare Advantage plan is specific to

title: Medicare (United States)

text: solution to reform or delay the SGR was not found. This led to another bill, the Protecting Access to Medicare Act of 2014 (H.R. 4302; 113th Congress), which would delay those cuts until March 2015. This bill was also controversial. The American Medical Association and other medical groups opposed it, asking Congress to provide a permanent solution instead of just another delay. The SGR process was replaced by new rules as of the passage of MACRA in 2015. There are two ways for providers to be reimbursed in Medicare. "Participating" providers accept "assignment," which means that they accept Medicare's approved

title: Medicare (United States)

text: by contributions paid while at work, when the payments are least burdensome, with the protection furnished in retirement without further payment. In the early 1960s relatively few of the elderly had health insurance, and what they had was usually inadequate. Insurers such as Blue Cross, which had originally applied the principle of community rating, faced competition from other commercial insurers that did not community rate, and so were forced to raise their rates for the elderly. Medicare is not generally an unearned entitlement. Entitlement is most commonly based on a record of contributions to the Medicare fund. As such it

title: Medicare (United States)

text: is a mechanism by which the state takes a portion of its citizens' resources to guarantee health and financial security to its citizens in old age or in case of disability, helping them cope with the enormous, unpredictable cost of health care. In its universality, Medicare differs substantially from private insurers, which must decide whom to cover and what benefits to offer to manage their risk pools and guarantee their costs don't exceed premiums. Because the federal government is legally obligated to provide Medicare benefits to older and disabled Americans, it cannot cut costs by restricting eligibility or benefits, except

title: Means test

text: savings—is a central feature of the benefit system. October 2006 saw the introduction of means testing as part of the determination of legal aid in a magistrates court. Similar ideas have been made by the Ministry of Justice for the higher Crown Court in November 2008 with a consultation paper proposing the introduction of Crown Court means-tested legal aid. As of 29 January 2009 the consultation is closed and awaiting a decision. Means testing is used to test for eligibility to Medicaid, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Section 8 (housing), Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Pell Grant, Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity

title: Medicare and Medicaid Extenders Act of 2010

text: The SGR determines how much money Medicare will pay physicians and other health care providers for health services. Pursuant to this law, the SGR will not be modified until January 1, 2012. Medicare and Medicaid Extenders Act of 2010 The Medicare and Medicaid Extenders Act of 2010 is a federal law of the United States, enacted in 2010. The law was first introduced into the House as H.R. 4994 on April 13, 2010 by Rep. John Lewis (D-GA) with 20 cosponsors. It was then referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means and the House Committee on the Budget.

text: Medicare and Medicaid Extenders Act of 2010 The Medicare and Medicaid Extenders Act of 2010 is a federal law of the United States, enacted in 2010. The law was first introduced into the House as H.R. 4994 on April 13, 2010 by Rep. John Lewis (D-GA) with 20 cosponsors. It was then referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means and the House Committee on the Budget. The bill was signed by President Barack Obama on December 15, 2010 after passing in Congress. The law prevented implementation of the 2010 conversion factor for the Medicare Sustainable Growth Rate (SGR).

title: Medicare (Australia)

text: because a Medicare benefits freeze has been imposed over the last few years. Medical practitioners choosing to cease or cut back on bulk-billing also increases out-of-pocket costs to patients. Medicare sets a schedule of fees, called the Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS). The standard Medicare rebate is 100% of a general practitioner and 85% of a specialist schedule fee. Where medical practitioners bill Medicare directly ("bulk bill"), they agree with Medicare to accept 85% of the schedule fee in full payment for their services. Many medical practitioners bulk bill pensioner patients, and some bulk bill all of their patients. In the

title: Medicare Advantage

text: Part A at 65 as recommended) whereas a "like" Medicare Part C beneficiary has to be on both Parts A and Part B. On an absolute basis, in 2015 Medicare spent 4% less on Medicare Advantage and other Part C beneficiaries per person than they did per person on Medicare beneficiaries under FFS Medicare. In 2014 the difference in parity on an absolute basis was 2% less per person on Part C. It appears from both points of view—per "like beneficiary" and absolutely—that the latest formula delivers the original cost-saving promise of Managed Medicare. But an absolute comparison is not

title: Medicare Part D

text: Medicare Part D Medicare Part D, also called the Medicare prescription drug benefit, is an optional United States federal-government program to help Medicare beneficiaries pay for self-administered prescription drugs through prescription drug insurance premiums (the cost of almost all professionally administered prescriptions is covered under optional Part B of United States Medicare). Part D was originally proposed by President Clinton in 2000 and enacted as part of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 (which also made changes to the public Part C Medicare health plan program) and went into effect on January 1, 2006. Individuals on Medicare are eligible for

title: Medicare (Australia)

text: Medicare services. There are two safety nets: The thresholds for both safety nets are indexed on 1 January each year to the Consumer Price Index. Under the original Medicare safety net, once an annual threshold in gap costs has been reached, the Medicare rebate for out-of-hospital services is increased to 100% of the schedule fee (up from 85%). Gap costs refer to the difference between the standard Medicare rebate (85% of the schedule fee) and the actual fee paid, but limited to 100% of the schedule fee. The threshold applies for all Medicare cardholders and is $453.20 for calendar year

title: Medicare Advantage

text: but in practice it almost always increases cost per beneficiary by one or two percent, either because the Medicare Advantage plan is diligent in upcoding to a beneficiary's specific risks or because patients on Original FFS Medicare, where providers have no incentive to code at all, are undercoded . Medicare Advantage plans are required to offer a benefit "package" that is at least equal to Original Medicare's and cover everything Medicare covers, but they may cover benefits in a different way. For example, plans that require higher out-of-pocket costs than Original Medicare for some benefits, such as skilled nursing facility

title: Ways and means committee

text: and Means is Lindsay Hoyle. The First Deputy Chairman is Eleanor Laing and the Second Deputy Chairman is Rosie Winterton. The United States House Committee on Ways and Means is a committee in the United States House of Representatives similar to that same committee in the United Kingdom House of Commons. Unlike its UK counterpart, the US committee still meets and has jurisdiction over all taxation, tariffs, and other revenue-raising measures, as well as Social Security, Medicare, and a number of other programs. The Canadian federal government, which follows the British Parliamentary System, also adopted the term "Ways and Means"

title: National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare

text: National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare The National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare (NCPSSM) is a United States advocacy group whose goal is to protect Social Security and Medicare. NCPSSM works to preserve entitlement programs through direct mail campaigns, candidate endorsements, incumbent ratings, grassroots activity, issue advertising, and campaign contributions. NCPSSM promotes tax increases as a way to address what it describes as modest long-term issues with Social Security's solvency. The organization opposes Social Security privatization and supports prescription drug benefits in Medicare. Through its political action committee, the organization donates money to support Democratic candidates

title: Random testing

text: Random testing Random testing is a black-box software testing technique where programs are tested by generating random, independent inputs. Results of the output are compared against software specifications to verify that the test output is pass or fail. In case of absence of specifications the exceptions of the language are used which means if an exception arises during test execution then it means there is a fault in the program, it is also used as way to avoid biased testing. Random testing for hardware was first examined by Melvin Breuer in 1971 and initial effort to evaluate its effectiveness was

title: Medicare (Australia)

text: 2017. The extended Medicare safety net (EMSN) was first introduced in March 2004. Once an annual threshold in out-of-pocket costs for out-of-hospital Medicare services is reached, the Medicare rebate will increase to 80% of any future out-of-pocket costs (now subject to the EMSN fee cap) for out-of-hospital Medicare services for the remainder of the calendar year. Out-of-pocket costs are the difference between the fee actually paid to the practitioner (subject to the fee cap) and the standard Medicare rebate. When introduced, the general threshold for singles and families was $700 and $300 for singles and families that hold a Commonwealth

title: Medicare Rights Center

text: visits for the first time. Medicare Rights Center The Medicare Rights Center (Medicare Rights) is a national, 501(c)(3) nonprofit consumer service organization with offices in New York City and Washington, DC. Medicare Rights works to ensure access to affordable health care for older adults and people with disabilities through counseling and advocacy, educational programs and public policy initiatives. In June 1989, the Medicare Rights Center was founded as the Medicare Beneficiaries Defense Fund (MBDF) by Diane Archer. One of the first actions of the fledgling organization involved a lawsuit brought against the federal government on the grounds that the Medicare

title: Medicare Rights Center

text: Medicare Rights Center The Medicare Rights Center (Medicare Rights) is a national, 501(c)(3) nonprofit consumer service organization with offices in New York City and Washington, DC. Medicare Rights works to ensure access to affordable health care for older adults and people with disabilities through counseling and advocacy, educational programs and public policy initiatives. In June 1989, the Medicare Rights Center was founded as the Medicare Beneficiaries Defense Fund (MBDF) by Diane Archer. One of the first actions of the fledgling organization involved a lawsuit brought against the federal government on the grounds that the Medicare Explanation of Benefits (EOB) failed

title: Medicare Advantage

text: many of the other public managed-care health plans within Medicare Part C) include integrated self-administered drug coverage similar to the standalone Part D prescription drug benefit plan. The federal government makes separate capitated-fee payments to Medicare Advantage plans for providing these Part-D-like benefits if applicable just as it does for anyone on Original Medicare using Part D. Nearly all Medicare beneficiaries (99%) had access to at least one Medicare Advantage plan; the average beneficiary had access to 18 plans in 2015. In the 1970s, less than a decade after the beginning of fee for service Medicare, Medicare beneficiaries gained the

title: Employment testing

text: must be representative of the tested field, otherwise litigation can be brought against the test-giver. Situational judgment tests are commonly used as employee-selection and employee-screening tools and have been developed to predict employment success. These tests present realistic hypothetical scenarios in a multiple-choice format. Applicants are asked to state what they would do in a difficult job-related situation. Situational judgment tests measure the suitability of job applicants by assessing attributes such as problem solving, service orientation, and striving for achievement. Employment testing Employment testing is the practice of administering written, oral, or other tests as a means of determining the

title: Medicare Part D

text: The cost of the plan would be borne by drug manufacturers for name-brand drugs and by the government for generics. Medicare Part D Medicare Part D, also called the Medicare prescription drug benefit, is an optional United States federal-government program to help Medicare beneficiaries pay for self-administered prescription drugs through prescription drug insurance premiums (the cost of almost all professionally administered prescriptions is covered under optional Part B of United States Medicare). Part D was originally proposed by President Clinton in 2000 and enacted as part of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 (which also made changes to the public

title: Medicare card (Australia)

text: without a number or card and resolve Medicare eligibility issues after treatment. Medicare is administered by a government agency called Medicare Australia (until late 2005 known as the Health Insurance Commission or HIC) which also has responsibility for supplying Medicare cards and numbers. Almost every eligible person has a card: in June 2002 there were 20.4 million Medicare cardholders, and the Australian population was less than 20 million at the time (cardholders includes overseas Australians who still have a card). However, the use of the card is relevant only to consultations with medical practitioners who are eligible for Medicare provider

title: Medicare (Australia)

text: including amendments to the "Health Insurance Act 1973", the "National Health Act 1953" and the "Health Insurance Commission Act 1973". Medicare is presently nominally funded by an income tax surcharge, known as the "Medicare levy", which is currently 2% of a person's taxable income. The 2013 budget increased the Medicare levy from 1.5% to 2% from 1 July 2014, to fund the National Disability Insurance Scheme. The 2017 budget proposes to increase the Medicare levy from 2% to 2.5%, from 1 July 2018. The proposed levy increase was scrapped on 25 April 2018. The levy is calculated on the whole

title: Medicare dual eligible

text: Medicare dual eligible Dual-eligible beneficiaries (Medicare dual eligibles or "duals") refers to those qualifying for both Medicare and Medicaid benefits. In the United States, approximately 9.2 million people are eligible for "dual" status spending an estimated $319.5 billion in 2011 alone. Dual-eligibles make up 14% of Medicaid enrollment, yet they are responsible for approximately 36% of Medicaid expenditures. Similarly, duals total 20% of Medicare enrollment, and spend 31% of Medicare dollars. Dual-eligibles are often in poorer health and require more care compared with other Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries. The reason that the cost for dual-eligible long-term care is high is

title: Medicare (Australia)

text: Medicare (Australia) Medicare is the publicly funded universal health care system in Australia. Operated by the Department of Human Services, Medicare is the primary funder of health care in Australia, funding primary health care for Australian citizens and permanent residents including Norfolk Island. Residents are entitled to a rebate for treatment from medical practitioners, eligible midwives, nurse practitioners and allied health professionals who have been issued a Medicare provider number, and can also obtain free treatment in public hospitals. The plan was introduced in 1975 by the Whitlam Government as "Medibank", and was limited to paying customers only in 1976

title: Medicare (United States)

text: for them (most beneficiaries have worked long enough and have no Part A premium), as well as some of their out of pocket medical and hospital expenses. Medicare has four parts: loosely speaking Part A is Hospital Insurance. Part B is Medical Services Insurance. Medicare Part D covers many prescription drugs, though some are covered by Part B. In general, the distinction is based on whether or not the drugs are self-administered but even this distinction is not total. Public Part C Medicare health plans, the most popular of which are branded Medicare Advantage, are another way for Original Medicare

title: Medicare Advantage

text: the people on Medicare. But today over half the people fully signing up for Medicare for the first time, are choosing a public Part C plan of some type. But the costs per person that had once been too low to attract beneficiaries then became too high to afford long term. So in 2009, the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (MedPAC) reported that Medicare would spend 14 percent more on Medicare Advantage beneficiaries per person that year than they did per person for "like beneficiaries" under traditional Medicare, theoretically adding an additional 3% ($14 billion) to the cost of the overall

title: Medicare Australia

text: located in Canberra, and is responsible for policy and program development. Medicare Australia previously had many branch offices across Australia, usually located in retail centers, which processed claims from and payments to members. Since 2009 these have been progressively shut with payment and claim facilities moving online and with integration to provide assistance with online access at centerlink offices termed "one-stop-shops". Medicare Australia administers various health-related programs in partnership with the Department of Health and Ageing. As of 2007, these programs included: Medicare Australia Medicare Australia is one of the Master Programs of the Australian Government Department of Human Services(DHS).

title: Medicare (United States)

text: of demonstration projects that dated back to the early 1970s. These Part C plans were initially known in 1997 as "Medicare+Choice". As of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003, most "Medicare+Choice" plans were re-branded as "Medicare Advantage" (MA) plans (though MA is a government term and might not even be "visible" to the Part C health plan beneficiary). Other plan types, such as 1876 Cost plans, are also available in limited areas of the country. Cost plans are not Medicare Advantage plans and are not capitated. Instead, beneficiaries keep their Original Medicare benefits while their sponsor administers their Part A

title: Medicare (United States)

text: reduce payments to public Part C Medicare health plans by aligning the rules that establish Part C plans' capitated fees more closely with the FFS paid for comparable care to "similar beneficiaries" under Parts A and B of Medicare. Primarily these reductions involved much discretion on the part of CMS and examples of what CMS did included effectively ending a Part C program Congress had previously initiated to increase the use of Part C in rural areas (the so-called Part C PFFS plan) and reducing over time a program that encouraged employers and unions to create their own Part C

title: Chris Christie 2016 presidential campaign

text: reforms to federal benefit programs. The proposals included reductions of Social Security benefits for high-income seniors, an expansion of means testing for Medicare recipients, and an increase in the eligibility age for Social Security and Medicare. Christie indicated that his proposals would not affect existing retirees or those close to retirement. Christie proposed comprehensive federal entitlement reforms, stating: "In the short term, it is growing the deficit and slowly but surely taking over all of government. In the long term, it will steal our children's future and bankrupt our nation." Christie's proposals would add means testing for Social Security benefits

title: Medicare (United States)

text: Part A or B is eligible for Part D, which covers mostly self-administered drugs. It was made possible by the passage of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003. To receive this benefit, a person with Medicare must enroll in a stand-alone Prescription Drug Plan (PDP) or Medicare Advantage plan with integrated prescription drug coverage (MA-PD). These plans are approved and regulated by the Medicare program, but are actually designed and administered by private health insurance companies and pharmacy benefit managers. Unlike Original Medicare (Part A and B), Part D coverage is not standardized (though it is highly regulated by the

title: Medicare card (Australia)

text: Medicare card (Australia) A Medicare card is a plastic card issued to individuals or families who are eligible to receive a rebate of medical expenses under Australia's Medicare system, when they are treated privately by a doctor with a provider number. The card is usually green in colour, although interim cards are light blue and cards for Reciprocal Health Care Agreement visitors are light yellow. All permanent residents of Australia are eligible for a Medicare card, except for those who are not deemed to be residing in Australia. Citizenship is not necessary to be eligible for a medicare card. The

title: Medicare Advantage

text: option to receive their Medicare benefits through managed, capitated health plans, mainly HMOs, as an alternative to FFS Original Medicare, but only under random Medicare demonstration programs. The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 formalized the demonstration programs into Medicare Part C, introduced the term "Medicare+Choice" as a pseudo-brand for this option. Initially, fewer insurers participated than expected, leading to little competition. In a 2003 law, the capitated-fee benchmark/bidding process was changed effective in 2005 to increase insurer participation, but also increasing the costs per person of the program. The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 renamed +Choice

title: Medicare Payment Advisory Commission

text: Medicare and health providers serving Medicare beneficiaries. MedPAC is also relied on by Medicare administrators and policy makers to evaluate beneficiary's access to care and the quality of care received. MedPAC's mandate is broad enough that it can also evaluate other issues affecting Medicare. MedPAC produces two major reports to the United States Congress each year that contain recommendations to improve Medicare. For example, its June 2008 report to Congress, "Reforming the Delivery System," made several recommendations along "a path to bundled payment." Medicare Payment Advisory Commission The Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (MedPAC) is an independent US federal body. MedPAC

title: Medicare Rights Center

text: was enacted, promising to insure millions of uninsured and under-insured Americans and to introduce a variety of reforms to health insurance and care delivery, including reductions in over-payments to Medicare Advantage plans and new demonstration programs to better coordinate care for vulnerable populations. Medicare Rights began to advocate that new reforms benefitting the non-Medicare population are made available where possible to people with Medicare. Also during this time, with support from the Atlantic Philanthropies, Medicare Rights further expanded the Medicare Minute program nationally, and simultaneously launched Medicare Advocacy Coalitions in targeted states to pursue a range of Medicare reforms. Medicare

title: Medicare fraud

text: Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General, U.S. Attorney's Office, and the U.S. Department of Justice created the Medicare Fraud Strike Force in Miami, Florida. This group of anti-fraud agents has been duplicated in other cities where Medicare fraud is widespread. In Miami alone, over two dozen agents from various federal agencies investigate solely Medicare fraud. In May 2009, Attorney General Holder and HHS Secretary Sebelius Announce New Interagency Health Care Fraud Prevention and Enforcement Action Team (HEAT) to combat Medicare fraud. FBI Director Robert Mueller stated that the FBI and HHS OIG has over 2,400 open health care

title: Medicare card (Australia)

text: prove eligibility when seeking Australian Medicare-subsidised care from a medical practitioner or hospital. Legally, the card need not be produced and an Australian Medicare number is sufficient. In practice, most Australian Medicare providers will have policies requiring the card be presented to prevent fraud. From 2002, a Medicare card must now be shown at a pharmacy when collecting Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) medication. The Medicare card is used as a recognised form of ID in opening bank accounts or obtaining a driver's license. On the ‘100 point scale’, on which 100 points of ID are required for proof of identity,

title: Medicare dual eligible

text: generally improved for dual-eligibles enrolled in FIDE-SNPs, very few of these plans reported lower estimated Medicare costs relative to what Medicare's fee-for-service program would have spent for beneficiaries with the same demographic and health characteristics. Furthermore, the FIDE-SNPs that reported potential Medicare savings generally did not demonstrate lower costs than other D-SNPs in the same geographic areas. These results were consistent for dual-eligibles both under the age of 65 and those age 65 and over. While operating specialized plans and integrating benefits could lead to improved care, GAO's results suggest that these conditions have not demonstrated a reduction in dual-eligible

title: Medicare Resources

text: of Medicare Resources Ltd because Neir decided to establish the organisation after contacting Pastor Mary Kwok. Medicare Resources Ltd focuses its medical and social services mainly in Wuhan (武漢) and Yichang (宜昌) which are located in Hubei (湖北省), and Fengjie (奉節) which is located in Chongqing province (重慶省). Wuhan (武漢): Yichang (宜昌): Fenjie (奉節): Medicare Resources Ltd engages in direct subsidising high-school and university students with special needs and being a middleman between sponsors and the benefited. Medicare Resources Ltd helps the economically disadvantaged in a sustainable way. Instead of giving them money directly, it hopes to increase their abilities

title: Medicare (United States)

text: quality of customer service given by Medicare contractors, specifically the 1-800-MEDICARE contractor. As a result, 1-800-MEDICARE customer service representatives (CSR) have seen an increase in training, quality assurance monitoring has significantly increased, and a customer satisfaction survey is offered to random callers. In most states the Joint Commission, a private, non-profit organization for accrediting hospitals, decides whether or not a hospital is able to participate in Medicare, as currently there are no competitor organizations recognized by CMS. Other organizations can also accredit hospitals for Medicare. These include the Community Health Accreditation Program, the Accreditation Commission for Health Care, the Compliance

title: Medicare Rights Center

text: of Commerce, Medicare Rights built and launched a national, online compendium of answers to consumer and professional Medicare questions. During this period, Medicare Rights also launched its CityNET (City Network Education and Training) program to provide regular Medicare trainings to New York City professionals. In addition, Medicare Rights established a National Consumer Advisory Board to more effectively share the insurance experiences of beneficiaries and their families with media outlets and policymakers. In 2003, Medicare Rights established its first office in Washington, DC. Medicare Rights also launched its Medicare/Medicaid Assistance Program (MMAP) to provide one-on-one assistance to clients at New York

title: Means test

text: poverty program versus a social program include the following: Further objections to means-testing include the following: US specific: Means test A means test is a determination of whether an individual or family is eligible for government assistance, based upon whether the individual or family possesses the means to do without that help. In Canada means tests are used for student finance (for post-secondary education), legal aid, and "welfare" (direct transfer payments to individuals to combat poverty). They are not generally used for primary education and secondary education which are tax-funded. Means tests for public health insurance were once common but

title: Medicare (United States)

text: gaps in prescription-drug coverage left by the Medicare Secondary Payer Act that was enacted in 1980. The 2003 bill strengthened the Workers' Compensation Medicare Set-Aside Program (WCMSA) that is monitored and administered by CMS. On August 1, 2007, the US House United States Congress voted to reduce payments to Medicare Advantage providers in order to pay for expanded coverage of children's health under the SCHIP program. As of 2008, Medicare Advantage plans cost, on average, 13 percent more per person insured for like beneficiaries than direct payment plans. Many health economists have concluded that payments to Medicare Advantage providers have

title: Medicare (United States)

text: payment of Extra Help/Low Income Subsidy payments related to Part D Medicare, and collecting some premium payments for the Medicare program. The Chief Actuary of the CMS must provide accounting information and cost-projections to the Medicare Board of Trustees to assist them in assessing the program's financial health. The Board is required by law to issue annual reports on the financial status of the Medicare Trust Funds, and those reports are required to contain a statement of actuarial opinion by the Chief Actuary. Since the Medicare program began, the CMS (that was not always the name of the responsible bureaucracy)

title: Model-based testing

text: Alloy or coq. There are various known ways to deploy model-based testing, which include online testing, offline generation of executable tests, and offline generation of manually deployable tests. Online testing means that a model-based testing tool connects directly to an SUT and tests it dynamically. Offline generation of executable tests means that a model-based testing tool generates test cases as computer-readable assets that can be later run automatically; for example, a collection of Python classes that embodies the generated testing logic. Offline generation of manually deployable tests means that a model-based testing tool generates test cases as human-readable assets that

title: Medicare Advantage

text: "Medicare Advantage". Other managed Medicare plans include (non-capitated) COST plans, dual-eligible (Medicare/Medicaid) plans and PACE plans (which try to keep seniors that need custodial care in their homes). However 97% of the beneficiaries in Part C are in one of the roughly one dozen types of Medicare Advantage plans (HMO, EGWP, SNP, regional PPO, etc.), primarily in classic vanilla HMOs. Enrollment in the public Part C health plan program, including plans called Medicare Advantage since 2005, grew from zero in 1997 (not counting the pre-Part C demonstration projects) to over 21 million in 2018. That 21,000,000-plus represents about 35% of

title: Medicare Advantage

text: typically not permitted in an HMO. The average OOP limit in 2016 was around $5000. Note that an OOP limit is not a deductible as is often reported; it is instead a financial-protection benefit. It is rare for a Medicare Advantage beneficiary to reach the annual OOP limit. Original Medicare provides no similar OOP spending cap and the exposure of an Original Medicare beneficiary to a financial catastrophe is unlimited (but also rare). Once the OOP maximum is reached for an individual, the plan pays 100% of medical services for the remainder of the calendar year (with no lifetime maximum).

title: Medicare Rights Center

text: City community-based organizations in need of Medicare counseling and enrollment assistance. Later that year, Medicare Rights launched the Baltimore Project, which systematically linked helpline stories to needed policy reforms, and helped increase the organization's visibility as a policy voice with the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Also this year, the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act (MMA) was enacted, paving the way for the Medicare Advantage program and the Medicare Part D drug benefit. In 2005, the Medicare Part D drug benefit became available in the fall (with the first-ever Fall Open Enrollment Period running from November

title: Medicare (United States)

text: for Medicare and Medicaid Services announced a final rule concerning eligibility for hospital inpatient services effective October 1, 2013. Under the new rule, if a physician admits a Medicare beneficiary as an inpatient with an expectation that the patient will require hospital care that "crosses two midnights," Medicare Part A payment is "generally appropriate." However, if it is anticipated that the patient will require hospital care for less than two midnights, Medicare Part A payment is generally not appropriate; payment such as is approved will be paid under Part B. The time a patient spends in the hospital before an

title: Medicare (United States)

text: government contribution. Conversely, enrollees could choose lower cost coverage and keep the difference between their coverage costs and the fixed government contribution. The goal of premium Medicare plans is for greater cost-effectiveness; if such a proposal worked as planned, the financial incentive would be greatest for Medicare plans that offer the best care at the lowest cost. This concept is basically how public Medicare Part C already works (but with a much more complicated competitive bidding process that drives up costs for the Trustees, but is very advantageous to the beneficiaries). Given that only about 1% of people on Medicare

title: Medicare card (Australia)

text: card lists an individual as well as any members of his or her family he or she chooses to add who are also permanent residents and meet the Medicare definition of dependent. The card must be produced or the Medicare number provided if the Medicare rebate is paid directly to the doctor under the bulk billing system. It is also necessary to provide a Medicare number (although not necessarily show the card) to gain access to the public hospital system to be treated at no cost as a public patient. For non-elective treatment (e.g. emergency), public hospitals will admit patients

title: Medicare Resources

text: Evangelical Free Church of America and at the same time, the free space to self-administer. Medicare Resources Ltd is a world-based non-government organisation. Even though the founder, John Neir, comes from Evangelical Free Church of America, Mediare Resources Ltd is a partner of Hong Kong-based Evangelical Free Church of China and accepts all donations from all around the world. Medicare Resources Ltd was established as a "human-based" non-government organisation. It does not spend a lot on advertising and promotion; it spends most of its fund in Hubei, China where the service area is. Directors of Medicare Resources Ltd has close

title: Medicare Advantage

text: enrollees. A rebate cannot contribute to "profit" ("profit" is in quotes because most Medicare Advantage plans are administered by non-profit organizations, primarily integrated health delivery systems). This benchmark/bidding/rebate process accounts for from 97% to 100% of the cost of the given Medicare Advantage plan to the Medicare Trust Funds. The individual fee for each Part C beneficiary is also uplifted or downsized slightly (approximately 1%-3% in either direction on average) from the county-specific fee based on a risk-based formula tied to the personal health characteristics of the capitated individual. The theory is that the risk-based formula will not affect spending,

title: Themis Medicare

text: Medicare manufactures APIs for therapeutic segment such as antituberculosis, antimalarials, cardiology, pain management, anti-infectives, haematinics, health and nutrition. Products include simvastatin, lovastatin, propofol, ethambutol, dimethyl isosorbide, artesunate, lumefenterine and arteether. In 2010, the company launched a combination of lidocaine and prilocaine in spray form branded as "Lovelong" for the treatment of premature ejaculation. The company received approval from the Drug Controller General of India to manufacture and market the product in India. Themis Medicare Themis Medicare (TML) (also called Themis Chemical) incorporated in 1969, is a manufacturer of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and formulations. It is a joint venture with

title: Themis Medicare

text: Themis Medicare Themis Medicare (TML) (also called Themis Chemical) incorporated in 1969, is a manufacturer of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and formulations. It is a joint venture with Gedeon Richter Plc. of Hungary. Headquartered in Mumbai, the company has four manufacturing facilities located at Vapi (Gujarat), Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh), and Haridwar. The company also has presence in 40 countries. TML's research and development facility focuses on development of new chemicals, new processes for production of API and intermediates, fermentation technology and new drug delivery systems. Themis Medicare also sells its research formulations to a variety of Indian pharmaceutical companies. Themis

title: Medicare (United States)

text: receiving government medical insurance, unless they have one of the listed diseases. The 24-month period is measured from the date that an individual is determined to be eligible for SSDI payments, not necessarily when the first payment is actually received. Many new SSDI recipients receive "back" disability pay, covering a period that usually begins six months from the start of disability and ending with the first monthly SSDI payment. Some beneficiaries are dual-eligible. This means they qualify for both Medicare and Medicaid. In some states for those making below a certain income, Medicaid will pay the beneficiaries' Part B premium

title: Medicare (United States)

text: C health plans, including Medicare Advantage plans, grew from about 1% of total Medicare enrollment in 1997 when the law was passed (the 1% representing people on pre-law demonstration programs) to about 35% in 2018. Of course the absolute number of beneficiaries on Part C has increased even more dramatically on a percentage basis because of the large increase of people on Original Medicare since 1997. Almost all Medicare beneficiaries have access to at least two public Medicare Part C plans; most have access to three or more. Medicare Part D went into effect on January 1, 2006. Anyone with

title: Medicare Rights Center

text: states outside of New York. Also during this time, Medicare Rights redesigned its Medicare/Medicaid Assistance Program (MMAP) as the Community Partners Program, aiming to provide a range of technical assistance to New York City organizations seeking to enroll more of their clients in Medicare low-income benefits. During this period, Medicare Rights also rebranded, improving the look and feel of its outreach and educational content and incorporating the tagline "Getting Medicare right" into all materials. In 2009, Medicare Rights and the Food Bank for New York City secured a $1 million grant from the Fan Fox and Leslie R. Samuels Foundation

title: Medicare Rights Center

text: eliminated the asset test for the SLMB and QMB Medicare Savings Programs. Today, New Yorkers can enroll in any MSP based on their income alone, without regard to assets. This same year, the Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act (MIPPA) was enacted, providing federal funding for states to conduct outreach and enrollment activities to help ensure that people with Medicare are enrolled in the Part D Low-Income Subsidy (Extra Help) and Medicare Savings Programs. Between 2008 and 2009, with support from the Jacob & Valeria Langeloth Foundation, Medicare Rights for the first time launched the Medicare Minute program in

title: Medicare Rights Center

text: and newsletters. The following year, the Medicare Minute program (also known as Seniors Out Speaking) launched in Westchester County, New York. With support from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Medicare Rights forged the New York Medicare Savings Coalition to pursue advocacy to increase enrollment in Medicare Savings Programs (MSPs). An alliance today of over 150 community-based organizations, advocacy groups, and government agencies, the coalition and Medicare Rights had an initial early victory in 2002 successfully advocating for the elimination of the asset test for the Qualified Individual (QI) Medicare Savings Program. In 2001, with a grant from the U.S. Department

title: Medicare (United States)

text: their own exorbitant prices. Meanwhile, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act has given Medicare the mandate to promote cost-containment throughout the health care system, for example, by promoting the creation of accountable care organizations or by replacing fee-for-service payments with bundled payments. Over the long-term, Medicare faces significant financial challenges because of rising overall health care costs, increasing enrollment as the population ages, and a decreasing ratio of workers to enrollees. Total Medicare spending is projected to increase from $523 billion in 2010 to around $900 billion by 2020. From 2010 to 2030, Medicare enrollment is projected to increase