query: What country did Panama gain its independence from?

title: Independence of Panama from Spain

text: Independence of Panama from Spain Independence of Panama from Spain was accomplished through a bloodless revolt between 10 November 1821 and 28 November 1821. Seizing the opportunity, when the Spanish governor left Panama to march on rebellious Ecuadorians, José de Fábrega led a push for independence. Rebels in the small town of Villa de Los Santos made the first declaration for independence and the movement quickly spread to the capital. Fearing that Spain would retake the country, the rebels quickly joined the Republic of Gran Colombia. Initial attempts to free Panama from Spain came from South American liberators, not Panamanians,

title: Independence of Panama from Spain

text: Villa de Los Santos"" (Shout for Independence), it ignited rebels throughout the Panamanian countryside. Using bribes to quell resistance from the Spanish troops and garner their desertion, the rebels gained control of Panama City without bloodshed. On November 20, 1821, Fábrega proclaimed Panamanian independence in Panama City. An open meeting was held with merchants, landowners, and elites, who fearing retaliation from Spain and interruption of trade decided to join the Republic of Gran Colombia and drafted the Independence Act of Panama. Independence of Panama from Spain Independence of Panama from Spain was accomplished through a bloodless revolt between 10 November

title: Separation of Panama from Colombia

text: Nicanor de Obarrio y Antonio Zubieta, without reaching any consensus. Separation of Panama from Colombia The separation of Panama from Colombia was formalized on 3 November 1903, with the establishment of the Republic of Panama. From the Independence of Panama from Spain in 1821, Panama had simultaneously declared independence from Spain and joined itself to the confederation of Gran Colombia through the Independence Act of Panama. Panama was always tenuously connected to the rest of the country to the south, owing to its remoteness from the government in Bogotá and lack of a practical overland connection to the rest of

title: Separation of Panama from Colombia

text: Separation of Panama from Colombia The separation of Panama from Colombia was formalized on 3 November 1903, with the establishment of the Republic of Panama. From the Independence of Panama from Spain in 1821, Panama had simultaneously declared independence from Spain and joined itself to the confederation of Gran Colombia through the Independence Act of Panama. Panama was always tenuously connected to the rest of the country to the south, owing to its remoteness from the government in Bogotá and lack of a practical overland connection to the rest of Gran Colombia. In 1840-1841, a short-lived independent republic was established

title: Independence Act of Panama

text: to inform the people gathered in the Cathedral Plaza of Panama City of the Declaration of Independence. The news was received with jubilation. A letter advising Simón Bolívar of the declaration and Panama's voluntary decision to join with Republic of Gran Colombia was sent. In his acknowledgement, dated 1 February 1822, Bolívar replied: Independence Act of Panama The Declaration of Independence of Panama (Acta de Independencia de Panamá) is the document through which Panama declared its independence from the Spanish Empire on 28 November 1821. It was proclaimed in the Cathedral plaza of Panama City after a council of leaders

title: Independence Act of Panama

text: Independence Act of Panama The Declaration of Independence of Panama (Acta de Independencia de Panamá) is the document through which Panama declared its independence from the Spanish Empire on 28 November 1821. It was proclaimed in the Cathedral plaza of Panama City after a council of leaders had met and drafted twelve points calling for severing Panama's relationship with the Spanish Crown and joining with the newly formed Republic of Gran Colombia. After rebels in the small provincial town of Villa de los Santos issued the "Primer "Grito de Independencia de la Villa de Los Santos"" (Shout for Independence), on

title: Separation of Panama from Colombia

text: from Colombia and establishment of an independent republic. When the United States sought to take over the canal project, the government of Colombia proved difficult to work with, and with the cooperation of French financier Philippe-Jean Bunau-Varilla, Panama simultaneously declared independence from Colombia and negotiated a treaty granting the U.S. the right to construct the canal. The United States was the first country to recognize the independence of the nascent republic, sending the U.S. Navy to prevent Colombia from retaking the territory during the first days of the new Republic. In exchange for its role in defending the Republic, and

title: Separation of Panama from Colombia

text: for constructing the canal, the U.S. was granted a perpetual lease on the land around the canal, known as the Panama Canal Zone, which was later returned to Panama under the terms of the Torrijos–Carter Treaties. After the United States, many other nations quickly recognized the independent republic, though Colombia refused to do so until 1909, after receiving a $500,000 concession from Panama to cover its share of the debts it owed at independence. After it achieved independence from Spain on November 28, 1821, Panama became a part of the Republic of Gran Colombia which consisted of today's Colombia, Venezuela,

title: Independence Act of Panama

text: 10 November 1821, rebels throughout the Panamanian countryside began demanding independence. Using bribes to quell resistance from the Spanish troops and garner their desertion, the rebels gained control of Panama City without bloodshed. An open meeting was held with merchants, landowners, and elites, who fearing retaliation from Spain and interruption of trade decided to join the Republic of Gran Colombia and drafted the Independence Act of Panama. The Declaration of Independence was drafted on 28 November 1821 by the educator and diplomat Manuel José Hurtado and consisted of twelve articles. The text is as follows: José Vallarino Jiménez was chosen

title: Separation of Panama from Colombia

text: Panama, and most of Ecuador. The political struggle between federalists and centralists that followed independence from Spain resulted in a changing administrative and jurisdictional status for Panama. Under centralism Panama was established as the Department of the Isthmus and during federalism as the Sovereign State of Panama. A 1846 treaty between Colombia and the United States, the Mallarino–Bidlack Treaty, pledged the United States to maintain "neutrality" in Panama in exchange for transit rights in the isthmus on behalf of Colombia. In March 1885 Colombia thinned its military presence in Panama, sending troops stationed there to fight rebels in other provinces.

title: Separation of Panama from Colombia

text: Philippe-Jean Bunau-Varilla signed the Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty. No Panamanians signed the treaty, although Bunau-Varilla was present as the diplomatic representative of Panama (a role he had purchased through financial assistance to the rebels), even though he had not lived in Panama for seventeen years prior to independence, and never returned afterwards. The treaty was later approved by the Panamanian government and the Senate of the United States. The ambassador of Colombia in Ecuador Emiliano Isaza was informed of the situation in Panama but did not inform his government to prevent a revolt in Bogotá. The government of Colombia then sent a

title: History of Panama (1821–1903)

text: History of Panama (1821–1903) Panama would remain as a royalist stronghold and outpost until 1821 (the year of Panama's revolution against Spain). Panama City immediately initiated plans to declare independence, but the city of Los Santos preempted the move by proclaiming freedom from Spain on November 10, 1821. This act precipitated a meeting in Panama City on November 28, which is celebrated as the official date of independence. Considerable discussion followed as to whether Panama should remain part of Colombia (then comprising both the present-day country and Venezuela) or unite with Peru. The bishop of Panama, a native Peruvian who

title: Venezuelan War of Independence

text: more years of war, the country achieved independence from Spain in 1821 under the leadership of its most famous son, Simón Bolívar. Venezuela, along with the countries of Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador, formed part of the Republic of Gran Colombia until 1830, when Venezuela separated and became a sovereign country. The French invasion of Spain in 1808 led to the collapse of the Spanish Monarchy. Most subjects of Spain did not accept the government of Joseph Bonaparte, placed on the Spanish throne by his brother, Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte of France. At the same time, the process of creating a stable

title: History of the Panama Canal

text: million was authorized by the June 28, 1902 Spooner Act. Since Panama was then part of Colombia, Roosevelt began negotiating with that country to obtain the necessary rights. In early 1903 the Hay–Herrán Treaty was signed by both nations, but the Senate of Colombia failed to ratify the treaty. Roosevelt implied to Panamanian rebels that if they revolted, the US Navy would assist their fight for independence. Panama declared its independence on November 3, 1903, and the USS "Nashville" impeded Colombian interference. The victorious Panamanians gave the United States control of the Panama Canal Zone on February 23, 1904, for

title: Separation of Panama from Colombia

text: mortally wounding Mr. Wong Kong Yee of Hong Sang, China. A United States Navy gunboat, , commanded by Commander John Hubbard, who had also helped to delay the disembarkation of the Colombian troops in Colón, continued to interfere with their mission by insisting that the "neutrality" of the railway had to be respected. With the suppression of the Colombian troops, the Revolutionary Junta declared the secession of the Isthmus and later its independence, with the declaration of the Republic of Panama. A naval squadron in the Bay of Panama was captured without resistance. Demetrio H. Brid president of the Municipal

title: Panama Canal Zone

text: was part of that country, sent warships in support of Panamanian independence from Colombia. This being achieved, the new nation of Panama ceded to the Americans the rights they wanted in the Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty. Over time, though, the existence of the Canal Zone, a political exclave of the United States that cut Panama geographically in half and had its own courts, police, and civil government, became a cause of conflict between the two countries. Major rioting and clashes occurred on May 21, 1958 and on November 3, 1959. Demonstrations occurred at the opening of the Thatcher Ferry Bridge, now known

title: Separation of Panama from Colombia

text: liberals in the Conservative government based in Bogotá, and they later joined the separatist movement. In 1903, the United States and Colombia signed the Hay–Herrán Treaty to finalize the construction of the Panama Canal but the process was not completed because the Congress of Colombia rejected the measure (which the Colombian government had proposed) on August 12, 1903. The United States then moved to support the separatist movement in Panama to gain control over the remnants of the French attempt at building a canal. Panamanian politician José Domingo De Obaldía was selected for the Governor of the Isthmus of Panama

title: Panama–Spain relations

text: situated between the Spanish territories of New Spain and the territories of South America. In 1717, Panama became part of the Viceroyalty of New Granada. In 1808, Joseph Bonaparte was installed as King of Spain and several Spanish American colonies began to declare their independence from Spain. From 10 – 28 November 1821, residents of Panama led a bloodless revolt against Spain and declared its independence on 28 November 1821. With the approval of Simón Bolívar, Panama joined the union of Gran Colombia which included Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela. In 1831, the union collapsed and Panama remained joined to Colombia

title: Separation of Panama from Colombia

text: Council of Panama became the "de facto" President of Panama and on November 4, 1903 appointed a Provisional Government Junta, which governed the country until February 1904 and the Constituent National Convention The convention elected Manuel Amador Guerrero as first constitutional president. News of the separation of Panama from Colombia reached Bogotá only on November 6, 1903 due to a problem with the submarine cables. On November 13, 1903, the United States formally recognized the Republic of Panama (after recognizing it unofficially on November 6 and 7). On November 18, 1903, the United States Secretary of State John Hay and

title: Separation of Panama from Colombia

text: under Tomás de Herrera. After rejoining Colombia following a 13-month independence, it remained a province which saw frequent rebellious flare-ups, notably the Panama crisis of 1885, which saw the intervention of the United States Navy. During the construction of the Panama canal, the initial attempts by France to construct a sea-level canal across the isthmus were secured through treaty with Colombia; however French cost overruns and corruption in the Panama scandals led to abandonment of the Canal for a decade. During the intervening years, local separatists used the political instability of the Thousand Days' War to agitate for political separation

title: Panama Canal Zone

text: of the Erie Canal in the United States and the collapse of the Spanish Empire in Latin America led to a surge of American interest in building an interoceanic canal. Beginning in 1826, US officials began negotiations with Gran Colombia (present-day Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Panama), hoping to gain a concession for the building of a canal. Jealous of their newly obtained independence and fearing that they would be dominated by an American presence, the president Simón Bolívar and New Granadan officials declined American offers. The new nation was politically unstable, and Panama rebelled several times during the 19th century.

title: Panama Canal Department

text: Panama Canal Department The Panama Canal Department was a department (geographical command) of the United States Army, responsible for the defense of the Panama Canal Zone between 1917 and 1947. The Isthmian Canal Commission and the Panama Canal Guard of 1904–1914 both played a pivotal role in the construction and early defense of the Canal. With the active support and encouragement of the United States, Panama declared its independence from Colombia on 3 Nov. 1903 and that same month, the United States received the right to build and administer the Panama Canal. On 8 Mar. 1904, President Theodore Roosevelt appointed

title: Separation of Panama from Colombia

text: the support of important Panamanian liberal leaders and the support of another military commander, Esteban Huertas. With strong support the separatist movement set November 1903 as the time for the separation. However, rumors in Colombia spread but the information managed by the government of Colombia indicated that Nicaragua was planning to invade a region of northern Panama known as the Calovébora. The Government deployed troops from the Tiradores Battalion from Barranquilla, and instructed the commander to take over the functions of the Governor of Panama José Domingo de Obaldía and General Esteban Huertas, whom the government did not trust. The

title: History of Panama (1821–1903)

text: realized the commercial ties that could be developed with his country, argued for the latter solution but was voted down. A third possible course of action, a union with Mexico proposed by emissaries of that country, was rejected. Panama thus became part of Colombia, then governed under the 1821 Constitution of Cúcuta, and was designated a department with two provinces, Panamá and Veraguas. With the addition of Ecuador to the liberated area, the whole country became known as Gran Colombia. Panama sent a force of 700 men to join Simón Bolívar in Peru, where the Peruvian War of Independence continued.

title: Panama Canal

text: was abandoned in April 1700. Numerous canals were built in other countries in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The success of the Erie Canal in the United States in the 1820s and the collapse of the Spanish Empire in Latin America led to a surge of American interest in building an inter-oceanic canal. Beginning in 1826, US officials began negotiations with Gran Colombia (present-day Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Panama), hoping to gain a concession for the building of a canal. Jealous of their newly obtained independence and fearing that they would be dominated by an American presence, the

title: History of Panama

text: and freed by its own virtue. The act of independence of Panama is the monument most glorious that any American province can give. Everything there is addressed; justice, generosity, policy and national interest. Transmit, then, you to those meritorious Colombians the tribute of my enthusiasm by their pure patriotism and true actions... Simón Bolívar had hesitated to include Panama in his Gran Colombia project, because he was aware of Panama's geographical obstacles and the unique qualities and its critical role in trade throughout history and under Spanish tutelage. Also, he had no role in Panama's independence, unlike his decisive military

title: Separation of Panama from Colombia

text: Tiradores Battalion was led by Generals Juan Tovar and Ramón Amaya and arrived in the Panamanian city of Colón the morning of November 3, 1903. It suffered delays on its way to Panama City caused by the complicity of the Panama Railway authorities who sympathized with the separatist movement. On arrival in Panama City, the troops were put under the command of Col. Eliseo Torres. General Huertas commander of the Colombia Battalion in Panama ordered the arrest of Tovar and his other officials. The Colombian gunboat "Bogotá" fired shells upon Panama City the night of November 3, causing injuries and

title: History of Panama (to 1821)

text: fled Colombia for Panama, where he ruled harshly until his death in 1821. His replacement in Panama, a liberal constitutionalist, permitted a free press and the formation of patriotic associations. Raising troops locally, he soon sailed for Ecuador, leaving a native Panamanian, Colonel José de Fábrega, as acting governor. Panama City immediately initiated plans to declare independence, but the city of Los Santos preempted the move by proclaiming freedom from Spain on November 10, 1821. This act precipitated a meeting in Panama City on November 28, which is celebrated as the official date of independence. History of Panama (to 1821)

title: Panama Canal

text: by Panamanian rebels who aimed to separate from Colombia, and hoped that the United States would support the rebels with US troops and money. Roosevelt changed tactics, based in part on the Mallarino–Bidlack Treaty of 1846, and actively supported the separation of Panama from Colombia. Shortly after recognizing Panama, he signed a treaty with the new Panamanian government under terms similar to the Hay–Herrán Treaty. On November 2, 1903, US warships blocked sea lanes against possible Colombian troop movements en route to put down the Panama rebellion. Panama declared independence on November 3, 1903. The United States quickly recognized the

title: History of Panama (1904–64)

text: History of Panama (1904–64) This article is about the history of Panama from 1904 to 1964. Explored and settled by the Spanish in the 16th century, Panama broke with Spain in 1821 and joined a union of Nueva Granada, Ecuador, and Venezuela, named the Republic of Gran Colombia. When Gran Colombia dissolved in 1831, Panama and Nueva Granada remained joined. Nueva Granada later became the Republic of Colombia. The provisional governing junta selected when independence was declared governed the new state until a constitution was adopted in 1904. Under its terms, Manuel Amador Guerrero became Panama's first president. The constitution

title: Independence of Panama from Spain

text: who saw Panama as a strategic link, both politically and militarily between South America and the Central American states. As early as 1787, Venezuelan Francisco de Miranda attempted to interest the British in a canal project in Panama to increase trade for Britain, in exchange for military support to bolster South American independence hopes. The attack by Napoleon, who deposed the Spanish monarch in 1807, led to the push for independence throughout South America by Simón Bolivar. Though Bolivar did not set foot in Panama, he advocated for independence, declaring in his 1815 "Letter from Jamaica" that the independence of

title: Independence of Panama from Spain

text: Panama would lead to commerce opportunities. In 1819 the Scotsman Gregor MacGregor led a failed attempt to free Panama. When South American revolutionary zeal deposed Viceroyalty of New Granada Juan de la Cruz Mourgeón, he fled to Panama and was declared governor. Mourgeón was ordered to Ecuador to fight the separatists and appointed José de Fábrega as his successor. As soon as Mourgeón sailed, Fábrega seized the moment for Panama's independence. On 10 November 1821, the first call for independence was made in the small provincial town of Villa de los Santos. Called the ""Primer Grito de Independencia de la

title: What I Did Right

text: What I Did Right "What I Did Right" is a song recorded by American country music group Sons of the Desert. It was released in February 2001 as the third single from the album "Change". The song reached number 22 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Lead singer Drew Womack wrote the song with Sonny LeMaire. The song is a ballad about treasuring moments in the narrator's life, using three examples: an expression of pride from a grandfather who fought in World War II, of love from the narrator's wife, and of comfort from the narrator's newborn

title: History of Panama

text: assembly, where the fate of the country would be decided. Every region in Panama attended the assembly, including the former loyalist region of Veraguas, which was eventually convinced to join the revolution, due to the sheer fact that nothing more could be done for the royalist presence in Panama. Thus, on November 28, 1821, the national assembly was convened and Independence Act of Panama was officially declared (through Fábrega, who was invested with the title of Head of State of Panama) that the isthmus of Panama had severed its ties with the Spanish Empire and its decision to join New

title: What I Did Right

text: daughter. All three examples are connected by a chorus stating ""I'll take this one day and figure out what I did right / And I'll do it the same way for the rest of my life."" Deborah Evans Price of "Billboard" reviewed the song favorably, saying that "Like 'I Hope You Dance'…the song will touch a universal chord with everyone who has experienced a moment so perfect they wish they could capture it and live it over again." What I Did Right "What I Did Right" is a song recorded by American country music group Sons of the Desert. It

title: What Kate Did

text: 'Dad?' Hurley comments that he did not expect Rose's husband to be white, before Jack quickly changes the subject. The producers felt it was important to address that they are an interracial couple, and that Hurley was saying what the audience would be thinking. Caldwell agreed with them and thought it would be odd if the issue was not addressed. Anderson also was glad that Hurley brought up the issue, and liked that Jack did not pay any attention. The episode gained 21.54 million American viewers in its first airing. What Kate Did "What Kate Did" is the 34th episode

title: What Katie Did (company)

text: What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned stockings, Thomas decided to invest in nylons to sell at The London Fetish Fair. This led to Thomas creating her own website. In 2002, What Katie Did's first reproduction of the Bullet bra was launched, the first to be produced in the country. The next year, the company opened a boutique in London Portobello. In 2010, Thomas was asked to advise on an bra of Marilyn Monroe that was put up for auction.

title: What Did You Expect from The Vaccines?

text: What Did You Expect from The Vaccines? What Did You Expect from The Vaccines? is the debut studio album by English indie rock band The Vaccines. It was released on 11 March 2011 by Columbia Records, entering the UK Albums Chart at #4, going on to become the biggest-selling debut by a band in 2011. Two singles preceded the release of the album which attained generally positive reviews and gold status by May of the same year. The first single from the album, "Wreckin' Bar (Ra Ra Ra)" / "Blow It Up" was released in the United Kingdom on 22

title: What Did You Expect from The Vaccines?

text: cites "I, Jonathan" by Jonathan Richman, "Milo Goes to College" by Descendents and "California Girls" by The Beach Boys as his major inspirations during the writing of this album. All lyrics written by Justin Young; all music composed by The Vaccines. What Did You Expect from The Vaccines? What Did You Expect from The Vaccines? is the debut studio album by English indie rock band The Vaccines. It was released on 11 March 2011 by Columbia Records, entering the UK Albums Chart at #4, going on to become the biggest-selling debut by a band in 2011. Two singles preceded the

title: History of Panama

text: (OPIC). The Moscoso administration was very supportive of the United States in combating international terrorism. In 2004, Martín Torrijos again ran for president and this time won handily. History of Panama The history of Panama is about the Isthmus of Panama region's long history that occurred in Central America, from Pre-Columbian cultures, during the Spanish colonial era, through independence and the current country of Panama. The earliest artifacts discovered in Panama have included Paleo-Indians projectile points. Later central Panama was home to some of the first pottery-making in the Americas, such as the Monagrillo cultures dating to about 2500–1700 BC.

title: History of Panama

text: History of Panama The history of Panama is about the Isthmus of Panama region's long history that occurred in Central America, from Pre-Columbian cultures, during the Spanish colonial era, through independence and the current country of Panama. The earliest artifacts discovered in Panama have included Paleo-Indians projectile points. Later central Panama was home to some of the first pottery-making in the Americas, such as the Monagrillo cultures dating to about 2500–1700 BC. These evolved into significant populations that are best known through the spectacular burials (dating to c. 500–900 AD) at the Monagrillo archaeological site, and the beautiful polychrome pottery

title: What Did I Promise Her Last Night

text: failed relationships and one-night stands and wonders to himself if he could have been the one to provide her the lasting relationship she had been longing for. The single peaked at No. 4 in February 1978 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles chart, and No. 2 on the Canadian "RPM" Country Singles chart about the same time. What Did I Promise Her Last Night "What Did I Promise Her Last Night" is a song recorded by American country music artist Mel Tillis. It was released in November 1977 as the second and final single from the album "Love's Troubled Waters".

title: Burmese Independence Army

text: Burmese Independence Army The Burmese Independence Army (BIA) led the Burmese State to liberation from British rule in Burma with the help of the Japanese in 1942. The Burmese Independence Army was the first national Burmese Army. The Freedom Bloc or Thakhins, an anti-colonist political party decided to involve a foreign country to gain access to weapons and funding and to ensure that Burma would be freed from British colonization. With its revolutionary leader Aung San at the forefront, Burma moved towards independence. British rule in Burma began in 1824 after which time the British steadily infiltrated the country and

title: You Know What You Did

text: anything you'd get on "All My Children"." Furthermore, Conrad's delivery of the titular line "You know what you did!" when speaking to Montag has been recognized as an iconic moment from the series; the staff from "Us Weekly" ranked the scene as the most memorable event from the program when recapping highlights from its six seasons in July 2010. In its original broadcast in the United States on August 13, 2007, "You Know What You Did" was watched by 3.6 million viewers. Consequently, it became the series' most-viewed episode at the time of its first airing; as August 2007, the

title: What the Hell Did I Say

text: part of the album's pre-release video series. The official music video was released on July 9, 2017. Also directed by Edwards, the video is composed of footage from Bentley's 2017 tour. What the Hell Did I Say "What the Hell Did I Say" is a song co-written and recorded by country music artist Dierks Bentley. It was released in June 2017 as the fourth single from his 2016 album "Black". This is the second collaboration by Bentley, Kear and Tompkins, following the highly successful No. 1 single "Drunk on a Plane". However, unlike "Drunk", this song underperformed and became the

title: FETV (Panama)

text: Darien Province. Programming includes children's shows, nature documentaries, medical and family topics talk shows, and programs from a variety of international broadcasters, such as Rome Reports, the Discovery Channel and National Geographic. FETV (Panama) FETV is a television network that broadcasts on channel 5 in Panama City, and is headquartered in Panama City, Panama, with repeaters throughout the country. The network and stations broadcast in the NTSC format. The network takes its name from the Television Education Foundation (FETV), its owner. In 1990, the Catholic Church of Panama sought to create an educational television station in the country, and with

title: Panama hat

text: more hats than they ever could in Ecuador. The hats were sold to gold prospectors traveling through Panama to California during the historic Californian Gold Rush. Travelers would tell people admiring their hats that they bought them in Panama. So, the hats quickly became known as “Panama hats.” Soon after at the 1855 World's Fair in Paris, Panama hats were featured for the first time on a global scale. However, the Fair’s catalog did not mention Ecuador as its country of origin. It listed this type of hat as a “cloth hat” even though it was clearly not made out

title: FETV (Panama)

text: FETV (Panama) FETV is a television network that broadcasts on channel 5 in Panama City, and is headquartered in Panama City, Panama, with repeaters throughout the country. The network and stations broadcast in the NTSC format. The network takes its name from the Television Education Foundation (FETV), its owner. In 1990, the Catholic Church of Panama sought to create an educational television station in the country, and with the leadership of other churches and the commercial broadcasters, the Television Education Foundation ("Fundación para la Educación en la Television") was formed. The next year, the station received its frequencies to operate,

title: Look What I Did

text: Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is known for its intense live show, described by Cincinnati CityBeat as a "live act capable of unleashing a scary, uncontrolled intensity bordering on dangerous," and oft-satirical eccentric lyrics. Look What I Did was formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee by singer Barry Donegan and guitarist Colby Shea. Miles McPherson (drums, currently drumming for Kelly Clarkson) and Chris Bradley (bass) were added before the band's first

title: What the Hell Did I Say

text: What the Hell Did I Say "What the Hell Did I Say" is a song co-written and recorded by country music artist Dierks Bentley. It was released in June 2017 as the fourth single from his 2016 album "Black". This is the second collaboration by Bentley, Kear and Tompkins, following the highly successful No. 1 single "Drunk on a Plane". However, unlike "Drunk", this song underperformed and became the lowest charting single of Bentley's career. The song is about getting intoxicated and giving a girl false promises. A promotional video directed by Wes Edwards premiered on April 29, 2016 as

title: What Katy Did Next

text: Mrs. Ashe's brother, Ned, they fell in love. When Katy got home, she received a letter from Ned and blushed and ran to her room, leaving Clover and the reader thinking that Katy and Ned may get married in the future. What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories "What Katy Did" (1872) and "What Katy Did At School" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family

title: History of Panama

text: Ecuador were being established, the isthmus again reiterated its independence, now under the same General Alzuru as supreme military commander. Abuses by Alzuru's short-lived administration were countered by forces led by Colonel Tomás de Herrera, resulting in the defeat and execution of Alzuru in August, and the reestablishment of ties with New Granada. A religious conflict sparked a civil war. During this war, in November 1840, the isthmus led by General Tomás Herrera, who assumed the title "Superior Civil Chief", declared its independence as did multiple other local authorities. The State of Panama took in March 1841 the name of

title: Burmese Independence Army

text: Burmese culture today. Burmese Independence Army The Burmese Independence Army (BIA) led the Burmese State to liberation from British rule in Burma with the help of the Japanese in 1942. The Burmese Independence Army was the first national Burmese Army. The Freedom Bloc or Thakhins, an anti-colonist political party decided to involve a foreign country to gain access to weapons and funding and to ensure that Burma would be freed from British colonization. With its revolutionary leader Aung San at the forefront, Burma moved towards independence. British rule in Burma began in 1824 after which time the British steadily infiltrated

title: You Know What You Did

text: DiVello, Liz Gateley, Sara Mast, Andrew Perry, Jason Sands, Robyn Schnieders, Sean Travis, Michael "Spike" Van Briesen, and Rick Van Meter. The episode was met with generally favorable reviews from critics, who felt that the changed dynamic between Conrad and Montag was entertaining for television. It was additionally notable for Conrad's delivery of the titular line "You know what you did!" when speaking to Montag, which has since been recognized as an iconic moment from the series. According to Nielsen ratings, "You Know What You Did" was watched by 3.6 million viewers in its original airing. The episode was released

title: What Katy Did

text: as Dorry, Bryn McAuley as Joanna, and Dean Stockwell as "Tramp". A 1972 UK movie adaptation, "Katy", starred Clare Walker, and the 1962 eight-part TV series made in the UK, also called "Katy", featured rising star Susan Hampshire in the title role. In 2015, author Jacqueline Wilson wrote her novel "Katy", which is a modern retelling of "What Katy Did". The August 2016 edition of Storytime featured a new illustrated adaptation with illustrations by Italian artist Marco Guadalupi. "What Katy Did" was followed by four sequels: "What Katy Did at School" in which Katy and Clover attend the fictional Hillsover

title: What We Did

text: quietest albums in Michael Gira’s catalog." What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. "What We Did" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as "a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only

title: What We Did

text: What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. "What We Did" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as "a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only been made by these two men,

title: What Did I Promise Her Last Night

text: What Did I Promise Her Last Night "What Did I Promise Her Last Night" is a song recorded by American country music artist Mel Tillis. It was released in November 1977 as the second and final single from the album "Love's Troubled Waters". The song was written by Ronald McCown and Wayne Walker. The song is about a middle-aged married man who regrets his one-night stand and sexual encounter with a woman he had just met the previous evening in a bar. As he leaves their hotel room and drives home, he senses that she has had a string of

title: What Did You Expect? (film)

text: What Did You Expect? (film) What Did You Expect?, which made its film festival debut in June, 2012, is a live concert documentary capturing the Archers of Loaf reunion tour, directed by Gorman Bechard. Indie rock icons the Archers of Loaf reunited in 2011, and during the course of their reunion tour played two legendary concerts at Cat's Cradle in Chapel Hill, NC. Combining in-your-face concert footage along with rare interviews of the band, this film by director Gorman Bechard documents those concerts, and captures the excitement and explosive energy of what its like to see this extraordinary band perform

title: What Hetty Did

text: early 20s. The story was adapted by Ellen Dryden for BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour Drama in 2004. What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in

title: What Hetty Did

text: What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in the boarding house in which she lives, including Emma Foxberrow, a teacher in "The Harpole Report" and Edward

title: What Katy Did

text: School (set in Hanover, New Hampshire); "What Katy Did Next", in which a new friend of Katy's takes her on a once-in-a-lifetime trip to Europe; "Clover", in which Katy is married and Clover accompanies her brother Phil to Colorado after he falls ill; and "In the High Valley", which shows the lives of a handful of young people living in the High Valley in Colorado, including Clover, Elsie and their husbands. What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old

title: What Katie Did (company)

text: Thomas has also appeared advising on corsets on ABC's Nightline in 2012 and in the same year was nominated for Cosmopolitan's Businesswoman of the Year. The brand recreates designs from the 1950s including the bullet bra, which has been worn by celebrities such as Madonna and Rihanna. What Katie Did are also known for their steel boned corsets. Models for the company include Bernie Dexter, Missy Malone, Jami Deadly and Miss Polly Rae. What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned

title: Panama Papers

text: Rognoni said. Economist Rolando Gordon said the affair hurts Panama, which has just emerged from the greylist of the FATF, and added that each country, especially Panama, must conduct investigations and determine whether illegal or improper acts were committed. Panama's Lawyers Movement called the Panama Papers leak "cyber bullying" and in a press conference condemned it as an attack on the 'Panama' brand. Fraguela Alfonso, its president, said called it a direct attack on the country's financial system. I invite all organized forces of the country to create a great crusade for the rescue of the country's image Offshore companies

title: What Katy Did Next

text: What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories "What Katy Did" (1872) and "What Katy Did At School" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family and introducing the widow Mrs. Ashe. Mrs. Ashe has her nephew, Walter, over for a visit and it is discovered that he has scarlet fever. Anxious that her only daughter Amy should not contract the disease, Amy is sent to live

title: Panama City

text: City is twinned with: Panama City is part of the Union of Ibero-American Capital Cities from 12 October 1982 establishing brotherly relations with the following cities: Panama City Panama City (; ) is the capital and largest city of Panama. It has an urban population of 880,691, with over 1.5 million in its metropolitan area. The city is located at the Pacific entrance of the Panama Canal, in the province of Panama. The city is the political and administrative center of the country, as well as a hub for banking and commerce. The city of Panama was founded on August

title: What Katy Did

text: Cousin Helen: Papa's niece; she cannot walk because of an accident years ago. Despite her suffering she is amusing, cheerful, and kind; just what Katy wants to be. After Katy's accident, Cousin Helen helps her adjust to her illness. Susan Coolidge shared her publisher, Roberts Brothers, with Louisa May Alcott, and "What Katy Did" helped satisfy the demand for naturalistic novels about girlhood that followed the 1868 success of "Little Women". Like Alcott, Coolidge heightened the realism of her novel by drawing on her own childhood memories. "What Katy Did" also illustrates social shifts. First the novel depicts the treatment

title: Panama Papers

text: of data journalism software tools and mobile collaboration. The documents were dubbed the Panama Papers because of the country they were leaked from; however, the Panamanian government expressed strong objections to the name over concerns that it would tarnish the government's and country's image worldwide, as did other entities in Panama and elsewhere. This led to an advertising campaign some weeks after the leak, titled "Panama, more than papers". Some media outlets covering the story have used the name "Mossack Fonseca papers". In addition to the much-covered business dealings of British prime minister David Cameron and Icelandic prime minister Sigmundur

title: Panama

text: short it was also labor-intensive and expensive because of the loading and unloading and laden-down trek required to get from the one coast to the other. As the Spanish American wars of independence were heating up all across Latin America, Panama City was preparing for independence; however, their plans were accelerated by the unilateral Grito de La Villa de Los Santos (Cry From the Town of Saints), issued on November 10, 1821, by the residents of Azuero without backing from Panama City to declare their separation from the Spanish Empire. In both Veraguas and the capital this act was met

title: I Did What I Did for Maria

text: album, "Definitive Collection", which reached number 1 in the UK Albums Chart in 2005. Paper Lace included this song on their 1974 album, "Paper Lace". I Did What I Did for Maria "I Did What I Did for Maria" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's "Las Vegas" and "Avenues and Alleyways". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2

title: I Did What I Did for Maria

text: I Did What I Did for Maria "I Did What I Did for Maria" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's "Las Vegas" and "Avenues and Alleyways". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2 UK hit in June 1971, and was also a hit in Ireland, where it also reached number 2. The track later appeared on Christie's compilation

title: History of Panama (1821–1903)

text: sanitation, and protection" of an isthmian canal. Furthermore, the United States was entitled to acquire additional areas of land or water necessary for canal operations and held the option of exercising eminent domain in Panama City. Within this territory Washington gained "all the rights, power, and authority . . . which the United States would possess and exercise if it were the sovereign ... to the entire exclusion" of Panama. The Republic of Panama became a de facto protectorate of the larger country through two provisions whereby the United States guaranteed the independence of Panama and received in return the

title: What Did He Say?

text: – 0:31 16. "A Little Buzz" – 2:46 17. "Kids Didn't Change" – 0:54 18. "Heaven Is Where the Heart Is" – 5:03 What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. "Yo Victa" – 0:07 2. "What Did He Say?" – 3:20 3. "What You Won't Do for Love" – 4:43 4. "Cherokee" – 1:49 5. "Don't Wanna Cry" – 5:07 6. "The Lonliest Monk" – 4:36 7. "A Chance" – 2:54 8. "Radio W-OO-10" – 1:06 9. "Norwegian Wood" – 4:52 10. "Bro John" – 4:18 11. "Naima"

title: What Did He Say?

text: What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. "Yo Victa" – 0:07 2. "What Did He Say?" – 3:20 3. "What You Won't Do for Love" – 4:43 4. "Cherokee" – 1:49 5. "Don't Wanna Cry" – 5:07 6. "The Lonliest Monk" – 4:36 7. "A Chance" – 2:54 8. "Radio W-OO-10" – 1:06 9. "Norwegian Wood" – 4:52 10. "Bro John" – 4:18 11. "Naima" – 5:57 12. "Sometimes I Laugh" – 3:20 13. "My Life" – 4:45 14. "The Sojourn of Arjuna" – 6:29 15. "Buzz Ntro"

title: Look What I Did

text: I Were You I Wouldn't<nowiki>"</nowiki> in January 2016 on their YouTube account, followed by "Fireball" in June 2016, their first songs released since 'Zanzibar III : Analog Prison'. The band was named after friend's child said the phrase 'Mommy, look what I did', about a drawing to her mother when Barry was talking to her over the phone discussing what the band's name should be. Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is

title: Air Panama

text: Air Panama Air Panama is a regional airline based at Albrook "Marcos A. Gelabert" International Airport in Panama, and is currently the second-largest air carrier in the country, surpassed only by Copa Airlines. The carrier offers both scheduled and charter passenger flights to more than 31 destinations from its hub at Albrook International Airport. The airline was founded in 1980 as PARSA, though certain services were operated as Turismo Aéreo. At the time of its start-up, Panama had been ruled by a military dictatorship government since 1968, but together with Aeroperlas, the company became one of the biggest and most

title: Panama

text: in 2012 to promote foreign investment in tourism. Law 80 replaced an older Law 8 of 1994. Law 80 provides 100 percent exemption from income tax and real estate taxes for 15 years, duty-free imports for construction materials and equipment for five years, and a capital gains tax exemption for five years. The Panamanian currency is officially the balboa, fixed at a rate of 1:1 with the United States dollar since Panamanian independence in 1903. In practice, Panama is dollarized: US dollars are legal tender and used for all paper currency, while Panama has its own coinage. Because of the

title: Panama

text: separatist movement In November 1903 Panama proclaimed its independence and concluded the Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty with the United States. The treaty granted rights to the United States "as if it were sovereign" in a zone roughly wide and long. In that zone, the US would build a canal, then administer, fortify, and defend it "in perpetuity". In 1914 the United States completed the existing canal. From 1903 to 1968, Panama was a constitutional democracy dominated by a commercially oriented oligarchy. During the 1950s, the Panamanian military began to challenge the oligarchy's political hegemony. The early 1960s saw also the beginning of

title: What Did I Do?

text: What Did I Do? "What Did I Do?" is a song by Kele Okereke, released as the first single from his EP "The Hunter". The song's music video was released on 13 September 2011, with the song being released as a digital single in Japan 10 days later. The song features vocals from singer Lucy Taylor. The single was produced by constant collaborator XXXChange and mixed by Sub Focus. The single's cover is the same as the cover for "The Hunter" EP. On 16 November 2011, Liberator Music released a remix of the single by All The Lights to the

title: Panama Papers

text: their final report public. He said that he had always "assumed" that the final report would be transparent. On April 8, President Varela denounced France's proposal to return Panama to a list of countries that did not cooperate with information exchange. Minister of the Presidency Alvaro Alemán categorically denied that Panama is a tax haven, and said the country would not be a scapegoat. Alemán said that talks with the French ambassador to Panama had begun. On April 25, a meeting of the Panamanian and French finance ministers resulted in an agreement under which Panama will provide information to France

title: Panama

text: independence from Spain, but also for their right to self-rule apart from Panama City once the Spaniards were gone. It was an incredibly brave move on the part of Azuero, which lived in fear of Colonel José Pedro Antonio de Fábrega y de las Cuevas (1774–1841), and with good reason. The Colonel was a staunch loyalist and had all of the isthmus' military supplies in his hands. They feared quick retaliation and swift retribution against the separatists. What they had counted on, however, was the influence of the separatists in the capital. Ever since October 1821, when the former Governor

title: What Katy Did

text: up: "What Katy Did at School" and "What Katy Did Next". Two further sequels relating the adventures of Katy's younger siblings were also published—"Clover" and "In the High Valley". The books were frequently reprinted and all are available online. Coolidge modeled Katy on her own childhood self, and the other 'Little Carrs' on her brothers and sisters. The title is a play on the katydid, a family of insects – which explains the insects on the first edition book cover. 12-year-old Katy Carr lives with her widowed father and her two brothers and three sisters in Burnet, a small midwestern

title: What Katy Did

text: What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old American girl, Katy Carr, and her family who live in the fictional lakeside Ohio town of Burnet in the 1860s. Katy is a tall untidy tomboy, forever getting into scrapes but wishing to be beautiful and beloved. When a terrible accident makes her an invalid, her illness and four-year recovery gradually teach her to be as good and kind as she has always wanted. Two sequels follow Katy as she grows

title: What Kate Did

text: What Kate Did "What Kate Did" is the 34th episode of "Lost". It is the ninth episode of the second season. The episode was directed by Paul Edwards, and written by Steven Maeda and Craig Wright. It first aired on November 30, 2005, on ABC. The character of Kate Austen is featured in the episode's flashbacks. Kate Austen kills her alcoholic stepfather, Wayne Jansen, by blowing up his house. Kate confronts her mother, Diane Austen. Kate reveals that she took out an insurance policy under Diane's name. Later, Kate attempts to buy a ticket to Tallahassee, when she is arrested

title: What Richard Did

text: Festival in Turkey. The film was released on DVD in Ireland on 8 February 2013. What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's "Bad Day in Blackrock", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the

title: What Richard Did

text: What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's "Bad Day in Blackrock", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the BFI London Film Festival and was selected to screen at the Tribeca Film Festival in

title: Panama sheep

text: of Panamas present today have not been crossbred. The sole remaining flock that is known to be pure is one maintained by the University of Idaho. Panama sheep The Panama is a breed of domestic sheep native to the United States. Though its name is identical to the country of Panama, the breed was in fact named for the Panama–Pacific International Exposition where it was shown early on in its history. Panama sheep originated in 1912 in Muldoon, Idaho. Today Panama sheep are rare - largely unknown outside Idaho and Montana, and are one of only a few breeds which

title: Panama sheep

text: Panama sheep The Panama is a breed of domestic sheep native to the United States. Though its name is identical to the country of Panama, the breed was in fact named for the Panama–Pacific International Exposition where it was shown early on in its history. Panama sheep originated in 1912 in Muldoon, Idaho. Today Panama sheep are rare - largely unknown outside Idaho and Montana, and are one of only a few breeds which were started by private individuals in the United States. They were developed by James Laidlaw, a Scottish immigrant to the region who was seeking a large

title: You Know What You Did

text: episode was the network's highest-rated broadcast that year. It was surpassed by "Paris Changes Everything", which served as the premiere for the second half of the season, on March 17, 2008; it attracted 4.8 million viewers in its original airing. In the United States, the third season was released as a four-disc DVD set on July 19, 2008. You Know What You Did "You Know What You Did" is the first episode of the third season of "The Hills". It originally aired on MTV on August 13, 2007. In the episode, Lauren Conrad ends her friendship with former housemate Heidi

title: Economy of Panama

text: United States; since Panama used the US dollar it was forced to default on its IMF debt on 28 December 1987. Economic turmoil in the country included a general strike and the banking system closing down for two months. Panama made a token payment the day before the IMF meeting in November 1988, but the situation did not resolve until 1989. Presidential elections in May 1989 were condemned by the international community as fraudulent and the IMF began to become impatient with Panama's increasing arrears which had now reached SDR121m (US$150m). The United States and Germany forced through a resolution

title: I Saw What You Did

text: in William Castle's egregiously low-budgeted "I Saw What You Did", an attempt at terror starring Joan Crawford and John Ireland." "Variety" commented, "[The film] is a well-produced, well-acted entry in the suspense-terror field. ... [Crawford's] slightest gesture or expression ... conveys vivid emotion." "I Saw What You Did" was released by Anchor Bay Entertainment on VHS and Region 1 DVD on August 24, 1999; both releases are long out of print. On May 23, 2014, it was re-released as an exclusive DVD-R by Universal as part of its Universal Vault Series, but in a full frame presentation. On May 17,

title: What a Country!

text: What a Country! What a Country! is an American sitcom that aired in syndication from September 27, 1986 to May 23, 1987. It was based on the 1977-1979 British sitcom "Mind Your Language". The series was intended as somewhat of a showcase for comedian Yakov Smirnoff, whose catchphrase provided the show's title. "What a Country!" is set in a class of recent immigrants to the United States who are trying to pass the citizenship test. Their teacher, Taylor Brown (played by Garrett M. Brown) is an American English language teacher, while the students include Nikolai (a Russian taxi driver), Laszlo

title: What Did I Do to You?

text: What Did I Do to You? "What Did I Do to You?" is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 1989 album, "Affection". It was written by Stansfield, Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, and produced by Devaney and Morris. The song received positive reviews from music critics. "What Did I Do to You?" was released as the fourth European single on 30 April 1990. It included three previously unreleased songs written by Stansfield, Devaney and Morris: "My Apple Heart," "Lay Me Down" and "Something's Happenin'." "What Did I Do to You?" was remixed by Mark Saunders and

title: SS Independence

text: were sold to the Atlantic Far East Line Inc., Monrovia, being part of the massive C.Y. Tung group. "Independence" was renamed "Oceanic Independence" and after a refit commenced cruising with a new passenger capacity of 950 passengers. However, "Constitution", renamed "Oceanic Constitution", was laid up at Hong Kong on August 4, 1974. "Oceanic Independence" continued to cruise until being laid up as well at Hong Kong on January 17, 1976. In November that year there were rumors that the ship was to be sold to Shannon SA, of Panama, but this did not happen. "Oceanic Independence" remained laid up and

title: Panama (song)

text: Panama (song) "Panama" is a song from Van Halen's album "1984". It was the third single released from that record. The song was reportedly written about a car. In an interview with Howard Stern, lead singer David Lee Roth explained the meaning behind the trademark song. Although the song features some suggestive lyrics, it is about a car that Roth saw race in Las Vegas; its name was "Panama Express", hence the title of the song. In the Stern interview, Roth did not explain why the song was about a car rather than the usual Van Halen material. Panama was

title: Panama

text: government in promoting economic, political, security, and social development through US and international agencies. Cultural ties between the two countries are strong, and many Panamanians go to the United States for higher education and advanced training. The Panamanian Public Forces are the national security forces of Panama. Panama is the second country in Latin America (the other being Costa Rica) to permanently abolish its standing army. Panama maintains armed police and security forces, and small air and maritime forces. They are tasked with law enforcement and can perform limited military actions. Panama is divided into ten provinces with their respective

title: Gain (electronics)

text: it is the ratio of the output current to the input current, both measured in amperes. In the case of other devices, the gain will have a value in SI units. Such is the case with the operational transconductance amplifier, which has an open-loop gain (transconductance) in siemens (mhos), because the gain is a ratio of the output current to the input voltage. Q. An amplifier has an input impedance of 50 ohms and drives a load of 50 ohms. When its input (formula_25) is 1 volt, its output (formula_26) is 10 volts. What is its voltage and power gain?

title: Panama City

text: Panama City Panama City (; ) is the capital and largest city of Panama. It has an urban population of 880,691, with over 1.5 million in its metropolitan area. The city is located at the Pacific entrance of the Panama Canal, in the province of Panama. The city is the political and administrative center of the country, as well as a hub for banking and commerce. The city of Panama was founded on August 15, 1519, by Spanish conquistador Pedro Arias Dávila. The city was the starting point for expeditions that conquered the Inca Empire in Peru. It was a

title: Separation of Panama from Colombia

text: These favourable conditions prompted an insurgency in Panama. The United States Navy was sent there to keep order, in spite of invoking its obligations according to the treaty of 1846. In 1885 the United States occupied the city of Colón, Panama. Chile, which at that time had the strongest fleet in the Americas, sent the cruiser "Esmeralda" to occupy Panama City in response. "Esmeralda"s captain was ordered to stop by any means an eventual annexation of Panama by the United States. The Thousand Days' War (1899–1902) was one of the many armed struggles between the Liberal and Conservative Parties which

title: Air Panama

text: agreement became effective five months later when the company started charter regional flights to Isla Colon from Tocumen International Airport. As of 2016, this codeshare is no longer active. On 29 February 2012, domestic competitor Aeroperlas Regional ceased operations due to financial troubles, leaving Air Panama as the sole regional carrier in the country. The same month, the airline expressed its interest to open a new non-stop international route from Panama to the Cayman Islands, using jet-powered aircraft. In anticipation for these flights, Air Panama ordered two Fokker 100 aircraft, receiving the first one in June and the second two