query: The corpus callosum is in what part of the body?

title: Corpus callosum

text: Corpus callosum The corpus callosum (Latin for "tough body"), also callosal commissure, is a wide, thick, nerve tract consisting of a flat bundle of commissural fibers, beneath the cerebral cortex in the brain. The corpus callosum is only found in placental mammals. It spans part of the longitudinal fissure, connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, enabling communication between them. It is the largest white matter structure in the human brain, about ten centimetres in length and consisting of 200–300 million axonal projections. A number of separate nerve tracts, classed as subregions, of the corpus callosum connect different parts of

title: Corpus callosum

text: the time for interhemispheric communication as a macaque's. The fibrous bundle at which the corpus callosum appears, can and does increase to such an extent in humans that it encroaches upon and wedges apart the hippocampal structures. Corpus callosum The corpus callosum (Latin for "tough body"), also callosal commissure, is a wide, thick, nerve tract consisting of a flat bundle of commissural fibers, beneath the cerebral cortex in the brain. The corpus callosum is only found in placental mammals. It spans part of the longitudinal fissure, connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, enabling communication between them. It is the

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: Agenesis of the corpus callosum Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a rare birth defect (congenital disorder) in which there is a complete or partial absence of the corpus callosum. It occurs when the corpus callosum, the band of white matter connecting the two hemispheres in the brain, fails to develop normally, typically during pregnancy. The fibers that would otherwise form the corpus callosum become longitudinally oriented along the ipsilateral ventricular wall and form structures called Probst bundles. In addition to agenesis of the corpus callosum, other callosal disorders include hypogenesis (partial agenesis, usually referring to the length), dysgenesis

title: Corpus callosum

text: the corpus callosum, but not in the splenium. Other magnetic resonance morphometric study showed corpus callosum size correlates positively with verbal memory capacity and semantic coding test performance. Children with dyslexia tend to have smaller and less-developed corpus callosums than their nondyslexic counterparts. Musical training has shown to increase plasticity of the corpus callosum during a sensitive period of time in development, known as synaptogenesis. Synaptogenesis is the surge in the formation of new synapses in the brain. When this process is over, synaptic pruning begins. This pruning process strengthens synaptic connections that are habitually used and eliminates the ones

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: syndrome, and L1CAM Syndrome. Some conditions that are sometimes associated with ACC include maternal nutritional deficiencies or infections, metabolic disorders, fetal alcohol syndrome, craniofacial abnormalities, and other oral and maxillofacial pathologies. Agenesis of the corpus callosum is caused by disruption to development of the fetal brain between the 3rd and 12th weeks of pregnancy. In most cases, it is not possible to know what caused an individual to have ACC or another callosal disorder. However, research suggests that some possible causes may include chromosome errors, inherited genetic factors, prenatal infections or injuries, prenatal toxic exposures, structural blockage by cysts or

title: Corpus callosum

text: a corpus callosotomy. This is usually reserved for cases in which complex or grand mal seizures are produced by an epileptogenic focus on one side of the brain, causing an interhemispheric electrical storm. The diagnostic work up for this procedure involves an electroencephalogram, MRI, PET scan, and evaluation by a specialized neurologist, neurosurgeon, psychiatrist, and neuroradiologist before surgery can be considered. The formation of the corpus callosum begins with the first midline crossing of pioneer axons around week 12 in the prenatal development of the human, or day 15 in the embryogenesis of the mouse. Agenesis of the corpus callosum

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: present in many cellular types throughout the human body. The cilia defects adversely affect "numerous critical developmental signaling pathways" essential to cellular development and thus offer a plausible hypothesis for the often multi-symptom nature of a large set of syndromes and diseases. Known ciliopathies include primary ciliary dyskinesia, Bardet–Biedl syndrome, polycystic kidney and liver disease, nephronophthisis, Alström syndrome, Meckel–Gruber syndrome, and some forms of retinal degeneration. In utero exposure to cocaine and other street drugs can lead to agenesis of corpus callosum. Callosal disorders can be diagnosed through brain imaging studies or during autopsy. They may be diagnosed through an

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: other brain abnormalities, and metabolic disorders. Until recently, the medical literature did not indicate a connection among many genetic disorders, both genetic syndromes and genetic diseases, that are now being found to be related. As a result of new genetic research, some of these are, in fact, highly related in their root cause despite the widely varying symptoms apparent on clinical examination. Agenesis of the corpus callosum is one such disease, part of an emerging class of diseases called ciliopathies. The underlying cause may be a dysfunctional molecular mechanism in the primary cilia structures of the cell organelles that are

title: Corpus Callosum (2007 film)

text: Corpus Callosum (2007 film) Corpus Callosum is a 2007 film by Sarah Nagy and Bryan Felber. It debuted in the United States on December 13, 2007. It is named after the corpus callosum, a bundle of nerve fibers connecting the left and right hemispheres of the brain. The film follows Cross Carlton, a Los Angeles teenage millionaire with an extraordinary gift for investing in stocks. However, to Cross's dismay, this gift is abused by the press, her friends, and even her therapist. As this pressure continually erodes any of Cross's creative thoughts or attempts to the point of relegating her

title: Corpus Callosum (2007 film)

text: color of the can. Nagy thought that hot pink was the most unnatural color of the spectrum, so Cross's constant consumption of the cola is intended to convey her mental status as robotic. The robots that Cross begins to hallucinate also reflect her resentment against the machine-like status society has relegated her to. Corpus Callosum (2007 film) Corpus Callosum is a 2007 film by Sarah Nagy and Bryan Felber. It debuted in the United States on December 13, 2007. It is named after the corpus callosum, a bundle of nerve fibers connecting the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

title: Corpus callosum

text: computational neuroanatomy developed in the 1990s showed that sex differences were clear but confined to certain parts of the corpus callosum, and that they correlated with cognitive performance in certain tests. One recent study using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) found that the midsagittal corpus callosum cross-sectional area is, after controlling for brain size, on average, proportionately larger in females. Using diffusion tensor sequences on MRI machines, the rate at which molecules diffuse in and out of a specific area of tissue, anisotropy can be measured and used as an indirect measurement of anatomical connection strength. These sequences have found consistent

title: Corpus callosum

text: of the sensory-motor – purple, of the parietal – pink, of the temporal – yellow, and of the splenium – blue. Thinner axons in the genu connect the prefrontal cortex between the two halves of the brain; these fibres arise from a fork-like bundle of fibers from the tapetum, the forceps minor. Thicker axons in the trunk of the corpus callosum, interconnect areas of the motor cortex, with proportionately more of the corpus callosum dedicated to supplementary motor regions including Broca's area. The splenium, communicates somatosensory information between the two halves of the parietal lobe and the visual cortex at

title: Corpus callosum

text: lobes is called the genu ("knee"). The genu curves downward and backward in front of the septum pellucidum, diminishing greatly in thickness. The lower much thinner part is the rostrum and is connected below with the lamina terminalis, which stretches from the interventricular foramina to the recess at the base of the optic stalk. The rostrum is named for its resemblance to a bird's beak. The end part of the corpus callosum, towards the cerebellum, is called the splenium. This is the thickest part, and overlaps the tela choroidea of the third ventricle and the midbrain, and ends in a

title: Corpus Callosum (2007 film)

text:
from Agoura High School. Unconventional recording methods and instruments, such as the rhythmic sound of water droplets falling, were intended to give "Corpus" a spacey, surreal feeling. The Brain
 The symbol of the corpus callosum is represented in most shots involving Cross and Kyle, with Cross on the left and Kyle on the right, each representing their respective sides of the brain. The show "Rob Hathaway: Interactive Children's Programming" eventually addresses the corpus callosum in one of the episodes Cross watches later on in the film. Robots
 The recurring theme of TaB cola was conceived due to the hot pink

title: Corpus callosum

text: published an article in 1992 that suggested that, because the corpus is "often wider in the brains of women than in those of men, it may allow for greater cross-talk between the hemispheres—possibly the basis for women’s intuition." More recent publications in the psychology literature have raised doubt as to whether the anatomic size of the corpus is actually different. A meta-analysis of 49 studies since 1980 found that, contrary to de Lacoste-Utamsing and Holloway, no sex difference could be found in the size of the corpus callosum, whether or not account was taken of larger male brain size. A

title: Corpus callosum

text: was by R. B. Bean, a Philadelphia anatomist, who suggested in 1906 that "exceptional size of the corpus callosum may mean exceptional intellectual activity" and that there were measurable differences between men and women. Perhaps reflecting the political climate of the times, he went on to claim differences in the size of the callosum across different races. His research was ultimately refuted by Franklin Mall, the director of his own laboratory. Of more mainstream impact was a 1982 "Science" article by Holloway and Utamsing that suggested sex difference in human brain morphology, which related to differences in cognitive ability. "Time"

title: Corpus callosum

text: study in 2006 using thin slice MRI showed no difference in thickness of the corpus when accounting for the size of the subject. The corpus callosum is found only in placental mammals (the eutherians), while it is absent in monotremes and marsupials, as well as other vertebrates such as birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish. (Other groups do have other brain structures that allow for communication between the two hemispheres, such as the anterior commissure, which serves as the primary mode of interhemispheric communication in marsupials, and which carries all the commissural fibers arising from the neocortex (also known as the

title: Corpus callosum

text: of the fibers which constitute the tapetum and extend laterally on either side into the temporal lobe, and cover in the central part of the lateral ventricle. The tapetum and anterior commissure share the function of connecting left and right temporal lobes. The anterior cerebral arteries are in contact with the under surface of the rostrum, they arch over the front of the genu and are carried along the trunk, supplying the front four-fifths of the corpus callosum. The size, amount of myelination, and density of the fibers in the subregions relate to the functions of the brain regions they

title: Corpus callosum

text: (ACC) is a rare congenital disorder that is one of the most common brain malformations observed in human beings, in which the corpus callosum is partially or completely absent. ACC is usually diagnosed within the first two years of life, and may manifest as a severe syndrome in infancy or childhood, as a milder condition in young adults, or as an asymptomatic incidental finding. Initial symptoms of ACC usually include seizures, which may be followed by feeding problems and delays in holding the head erect, sitting, standing, and walking. Other possible symptoms may include impairments in mental and physical development,

title: Corpus Callosum (2007 film)

text: however, Felber suggested the title "Corpus Callosum," which Nagy liked better. The film was shot with a Panasonic AG-HVX200 camera on both MiniDV tapes and P2 cards to lend contrast to the dual themes of the left and right sides of the brain. Production lasted over eight months due to complications involving Nagy's decision to attend UCLA in the fall. Filming primarily took place in Agoura Hills, California, Malibu, California, and Beverly Hills, California. The score was arranged by Edwin Telford, John Garcia, and Shaun Fleming (lead singer of the band First from the Sea), both of whom Felber knew

title: Corpus callosotomy

text: results and insignificant morbidity. The corpus callosum is a fiber bundle of about 300 million fibers in the human brain that connects the two cerebral hemispheres. The interhemispheric functions of the corpus callosum include the integration of perceptual, cognitive, learned, and volitional information. The role of the corpus callosum in epilepsy is the interhemispheric transmission of epileptiform discharges. These discharges are generally bilaterally synchronous in preoperative patients. In addition to disrupting this synchrony, corpus callosotomy decreases the frequency and amplitude of the epileptiform discharges, suggesting the transhemispheric facilitation of seizure mechanisms. The most prominent non-surgical complications of corpus callosotomy relate

title: Corpus callosotomy

text: Corpus callosotomy Corpus callosotomy is a palliative surgical procedure for the treatment of medically refractory epilepsy. In this procedure the corpus callosum is cut through in an effort to limit the spread of epileptic activity between the two halves of the brain. After the operation the brain has much more difficulty sending messages between the hemispheres. Although the corpus callosum is the largest white matter tract connecting the hemispheres, some limited interhemispheric communication is still possible via the anterior commissure and posterior commissure. "Efficacy and relatively low permanent morbidity in corpus callosotomy for medically intractable epilepsy have been demonstrated by

title: Lateralization of brain function

text: contraction on the opposite side of the body. Furthermore, the functional map of the motor and sensory cortices is fairly consistent from person to person; Penfield and Jasper's famous pictures of the motor and sensory homunculi were the result. Research by Michael Gazzaniga and Roger Wolcott Sperry in the 1960s on split-brain patients led to an even greater understanding of functional laterality. Split-brain patients are patients who have undergone corpus callosotomy (usually as a treatment for severe epilepsy), a severing of a large part of the corpus callosum. The corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres of the brain and allows

title: The Tale of the Dueling Neurosurgeons

text: normal brain is a good balance, like a sieve. This chapter focuses on the corpus callosum. The first story is one in which a man shoots himself in the head, but misses his brain completely, blowing part of his skull off and exposing his brain. He went to the doctor, who in turn pressed the man's brain with a spatula to get a reaction out of him, which he did. Paul Broca (language) is also discussed, a linguist and a neuroscientist. His relationship (business strictly) with one Gustave Dax is also discussed. A man named W.J. had what were called

title: Corpus callosotomy

text: carotid sheath in order to send electrical impulses to the nucleus of the solitary tract. However, corpus callosotomy has been proven to offer significantly better chances of seizure freedom compared with vagus nerve stimulation (58.0% versus 21.1% reduction in atonic seizures, respectively). If a focal area in the brain is generating severe seizures, it can sometimes be removed. Corpus callosotomy Corpus callosotomy is a palliative surgical procedure for the treatment of medically refractory epilepsy. In this procedure the corpus callosum is cut through in an effort to limit the spread of epileptic activity between the two halves of the brain.

title: Corpus callosotomy

text: occur between the two hemispheres of the brain. For a partial callosotomy, the anterior two-thirds of the corpus callosum are sectioned, and for a complete callosotomy, the posterior one-third is also sectioned. After sectioning, the dura is closed and the portion of cranium is replaced. The scalp is then closed with sutures. Endoscopic corpus callosotomy has been employed with blood loss minimized during the surgical procedure. Corpus callosotomy is intended to treat patients who suffer from epilepsy and the resultant chronic seizures. The diminished life expectancy associated with epilepsy patients has been documented by population-based studies in Europe. In the

title: Corpus callosum

text: neopallium), whereas in placental mammals, the anterior commissure carries only some of these fibers.) In primates, the speed of nerve transmission depends on its degree of myelination, or lipid coating. This is reflected by the diameter of the nerve axon. In most primates, axonal diameter increases in proportion to brain size to compensate for the increased distance to travel for neural impulse transmission. This allows the brain to coordinate sensory and motor impulses. However, the scaling of overall brain size and increased myelination have not occurred between chimpanzees and humans. This has resulted in the human corpus callosum's requiring double

title: Roger Wolcott Sperry

text: helped lead to the discovery that cutting the corpus callosum is a very effective treatment for patients who suffer from epilepsy. Initially after the patients recovered from surgery there were no signs that the surgery caused any changes to their behavior or functioning. This observation rendered the question: if the surgery had absolutely no effect on any part of the patients' normal functioning then what is the purpose of the corpus callosum? Was it simply there to keep the two sides of the brain from collapsing, as Karl Lashley jokingly put it? Sperry was asked to develop a series of

title: Lateralization of brain function

text: the ability to verbalize what he saw. This led to confirmation that the left brain is localized for language whereas the right brain does not have this capability, and when the corpus callosum is cut, the two hemispheres cannot communicate in order for situation-pertinent speech to be produced. Lateralization of brain function The lateralization of brain function is the tendency for some neural functions or cognitive processes to be specialized to one side of the brain or the other. The medial longitudinal fissure separates the human brain into two distinct cerebral hemispheres, connected by the corpus callosum. Although the macrostructure

title: Split-brain

text: can process what is being read. In Peek's case, there was no transfer ability—this is what led to his development of language centers in each hemisphere. Many believe this is the reason behind his extremely fast reading capabilities. While Peek did not undergo corpus callosotomy, he is considered a natural split-brain patient and is critical to understanding the importance of the corpus callosum. Kim Peek died in 2009. Split-brain Split-brain is a lay term to describe the result when the corpus callosum connecting the two hemispheres of the brain is severed to some degree. It is an association of symptoms

title: Susan Ackerman (neuroscientist)

text: integral in the development of the corpus callosum, the neurons that form the connection between the two hemispheres of the brain. A mutation in the "Unc5c" gene, in association with other mutated genes, leads to a degeneration of the corpus callosum. However, if "Unc5c" is the only gene that is mutated, no noticeable difference in the corpus callosum is present. This is because the Unc5c receptor is only integral in the formation of the corpus callosum in early-born, deep layer neurons. These neurons comprise a small percentage of the corpus callosum relative to the late-born, upper layer neurons. Ackerman's research

title: Dual consciousness

text: computer that is directly in front of you). The procedure of surgically removing the corpus callosum is called a corpus callosotomy. Patients who have undergone a corpus callosotomy are colloquially referred to as "split-brain patients". They are called so because now their brain's left and right hemispheres are no longer connected by the corpus callosum. Split-brain patients have been subjects for numerous psychological experiments that sought to discover what occurs in the brain now that the primary interhemispheric pathways have been disrupted. Notable researchers in the field include Roger Sperry, one of the first to publish ideas involving a dual

title: Longitudinal striae

text: of Broca. Longitudinal striae In human neuroanatomy, the longitudinal striae (also striae lancisi or nerves of Lancisi) are two bundles of fibres embedded in the indusium griseum running along the corpus callosum of the brain. They were originally described by Italian physician, epidemiologist and anatomist Giovanni Maria Lancisi. The striae are categorized as medial longitudinal stria and lateral longitudinal stria; the area between the striae is a useful neurosurgical mark of the middle of the corpus callosum. After the indisium griseum curves along the rostrum of the corpus callosum the combined striae continue toward the amygdala as part of the

title: Longitudinal striae

text: Longitudinal striae In human neuroanatomy, the longitudinal striae (also striae lancisi or nerves of Lancisi) are two bundles of fibres embedded in the indusium griseum running along the corpus callosum of the brain. They were originally described by Italian physician, epidemiologist and anatomist Giovanni Maria Lancisi. The striae are categorized as medial longitudinal stria and lateral longitudinal stria; the area between the striae is a useful neurosurgical mark of the middle of the corpus callosum. After the indisium griseum curves along the rostrum of the corpus callosum the combined striae continue toward the amygdala as part of the diagonal band

title: Supernumerary body part

text: and two legs. People with this condition often wish to amputate what they see as additional body parts. A phantom limb is the sensation that a missing limb is still attached to the body. A supernumerary phantom limb is the sensation of having an extra limb or body part despite no such limb actually existing. It is an uncommon syndrome, usually due to some kind of brain injuries in the somatosensory cortex or in some parts of the right hemisphere of the brain, usually due to a stroke in the brain. A chimera is an animal or plant that has

title: Roger Wolcott Sperry

text: in the middle by a part of the brain called the corpus callosum. In "split-brain" patients, the corpus callosum has been severed due to the patients suffering from epilepsy, a disease that causes intense and persistent seizures. Seizures begin in one hemisphere and continue into the other hemisphere. Cutting the corpus callosum prevents the seizures from moving from one hemisphere to the other, which then prevents seizures from occurring, thus allowing the patients to function normally instead of suffering from continuous seizures. Sperry first became interested in "split-brain" research when he was working on the topic of interocular transfer, which

title: Commissural fiber

text: due to aging, compensatory mechanisms are found in other areas of the corpus callosum and frontal lobe. These compensatory mechanisms, increasing connectivity in other parts of the brain, may explain why elderly individuals still display executive function as a decline of connectivity is seen in regions of the corpus callosum. Older adults compared to younger adults show poorer performance in balance exercises and tests. A decline in white matter integrity of the corpus callosum in older individuals may explain declines in the ability to balance. Changes in the white matter integrity of the corpus callosum may also be related to

title: The 4400

text: thus being able to predict whether a person will survive the shot or not. It is explained that nine out of ten left-handed people who take the shot survive. In the brain there is a small part called the corpus callosum. It is essentially a bundle of neural fibres that connects the two hemispheres and it is usually slightly larger in left-handed people than it is in right-handed people. That is why left-handed people survive; the size of that part of the brain helps determine whether or not a person will be able to integrate a new neurotransmitter. With further

title: Dual consciousness

text: mater is pulled back so the deeper areas of the brain, including the corpus callosum, can be seen. Specialized instruments are placed into the brain that allows safe severing of the corpus. Initially, a partial callosotomy is performed, which only severs the front two thirds of the callosum. It is important to note that because the back section of the callosum is preserved, visual information is still sent across both hemispheres. Though the corpus callosum loses a majority of its functioning during a partial callosotomy, it does not completely lose its capabilities. If this operation does not succeed in reducing

title: Susac's syndrome

text: changes seen in patients with Susac's syndrome. However, the callosal lesions in Susac's syndrome are centrally located. In comparison, patients with MS and ADEM typically have lesions involving the undersurface of the corpus callosum. Deep gray matter involvement commonly occurs in ADEM but is very rare in MS. Leptomeningeal involvement is not typical of either MS or ADEM. What this means is that if 10 lesions are found in the brain of an MS patient, a lesion may be found in the corpus callosum. If you have 10 lesions in a Susac patient, more than half will be in the

title: Stuttering

text: Another comparison of scans anterior forebrain regions are disproportionately active in stuttering subjects, while post-rolandic regions are relatively inactive. Bilateral increases and unusual right-left asymmetry has been found in the planum temporale when comparing people who stutter and people who do not stutter. These studies have also found that there are anatomical differences in the Rolandic operculum and arcuate fasciculus. The corpus callosum transfers information between the left and right cerebral hemispheres. The corpus callosum, rostrum, and the anterior mid-body sections are larger in adults who stutter as compared to normally fluent adults. This difference may be due to unusual

title: Split-brain

text: the two hemispheres and its main function is in allowing for communication between the brain's right and left hemispheres. This structure is composed of white matter: millions of axons that have their dendrites and terminal buttons projecting in both the right and left hemisphere. However, there is evidence that the corpus callosum may also have some inhibitory functions. Post-mortem research on human and monkey brains show that the corpus callosum is functionally organised. It proves that the right hemisphere is superior for detecting faces. This organisation results in modality-specific regions of the corpus callosum that are responsible for the transfer

title: The Description of the Human Body

text: soul. A sick or injured body does not do what we want or moves in ways we do not want. He believed the death of the body stopped it from being fit to bring about movement. This did not necessarily happen because the soul left the body. René Descartes believed the body could exist through mechanical means alone. This included digestion, blood circulation, muscle movement and some brain function. He felt we all know what the human body is like because animals have similar bodies and we have all seen them opened up. He saw the body as a machine.

title: FAM43A

text: in the infant developmental stage. Expression is upregulated in head and neck tumor and bladder carcinoma, suggesting an oncogenic function. FAM43A expression is upregulated in Early T-cell precursor (ETP) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (GDS4299) and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines Hs578T (GDS4092). FAM43A expression map of "Mus musculus" brain indicated differential expression in the cortex, corpus callosum, and hypothalamus. The primary function of the corpus callosum is to innervate and connect the two hemispheres of the brain. The corpus callosum integrates motor, sensory, and cognitive performance between the cortical region in one hemisphere with its target in the

title: Empathizing–systemizing theory

text: corpus callosum). It was found that autism is commonly diagnosed in children where the corpus callosum does not fully develop (45% of children with agenesis of the corpus callosum). A further example of brain structures relating to ASD is that children with ASD tend to have a larger amygdala, this is another example of being an extreme version of the male brain which generally has a larger amygdala. These brain differences have all been shown to have an influence on social cognition and communication. High levels of fetal testosterone have also been shown to be related to behavior associated with

title: Septum pellucidum

text: Septum pellucidum The septum pellucidum () is a thin, triangular, vertical double membrane separating the anterior horns of the left and right lateral ventricles of the brain. It runs as a sheet from the corpus callosum down to the fornix. The septum pellucidum is located in the midline of the brain, between the two cerebral hemispheres. It is attached superiorly to the corpus callosum, the large collection of nerve fibers that connect the two cerebral hemispheres. It is attached inferiorly to the anterior part of the fornix, and on either side of the septum are the two lateral ventricles. The

title: Septum pellucidum

text: life normally, and usually have no learning or cognitive disabilities. Septum pellucidum The septum pellucidum () is a thin, triangular, vertical double membrane separating the anterior horns of the left and right lateral ventricles of the brain. It runs as a sheet from the corpus callosum down to the fornix. The septum pellucidum is located in the midline of the brain, between the two cerebral hemispheres. It is attached superiorly to the corpus callosum, the large collection of nerve fibers that connect the two cerebral hemispheres. It is attached inferiorly to the anterior part of the fornix, and on either

title: Commissural fiber

text: Commissural fiber The commissural fibers or transverse fibers are axons that connect the two hemispheres of the brain. In contrast to commissural fibers, association fibers connect regions within the same hemisphere of the brain, and projection fibers connect each region to other parts of the brain or to the spinal cord. The commissural fibers make up tracts that include the corpus callosum, the anterior commissure, and the posterior commissure. The corpus callosum is the largest commissural tract in the human brain. It consists of about 200-300 million axons that connect the two cerebral hemispheres. The corpus callosum is essential to

title: Corpus callosum

text: the hemispheres. The main ones are known as the genu, the rostrum, the trunk or body, and the splenium. The corpus callosum forms the floor of the longitudinal fissure that separates the two cerebral hemispheres. It also forms part of the roof of the lateral ventricles. The corpus callosum has four main parts; individual nerve tracts that connect different parts of the hemispheres. These are the rostrum, the genu, the trunk or body, and the splenium. A narrowed part between the trunk and the splenium is known as the isthmus. The front part of the corpus callosum, towards the frontal

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: It is not possible for the corpus callosum to regenerate. Neuropsychological testing reveals subtle differences in higher cortical function compared to individuals of the same age and education without ACC, although some individuals with callosal disorders have average intelligence and live normal lives. Kim Peek, inspiration for the film "Rain Man" and renowned for his savant abilities, was born with agenesis of the corpus callosum, along with macrocephaly and damage to the cerebellum. Agenesis of the corpus callosum Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a rare birth defect (congenital disorder) in which there is a complete or partial absence

title: Corpus callosum

text: thick, convex, free border. Splenium translates as "bandage" in Greek. The trunk of the corpus callosum lies between the splenium and the genu. The callosal sulcus separates the corpus callosum from the cingulate gyrus. On either side of the corpus callosum, the fibers radiate in the white matter and pass to the various parts of the cerebral cortex; those curving forward from the genu into the frontal lobes constitute the "forceps minor" (also "forceps anterior") and those curving backward from the splenium into the occipital lobes, the "forceps major" (also "forceps posterior"). Between these two parts is the main body

title: Corpus callosum

text: ACC accompanied by developmental delay and/or seizure disorders should be screened for metabolic disorders. In addition to agenesis of the corpus callosum, similar conditions are hypogenesis (partial formation), dysgenesis (malformation), and hypoplasia (underdevelopment, including too thin). Recent studies have also linked possible correlations between corpus callosum malformation and autism spectrum disorders. Kim Peek, a savant and the inspiration behind the movie "Rain Man", was found with agenesis of the corpus callosum, as part of FG syndrome. Anterior corpus callosum lesions may result in akinetic mutism or anomic aphasia. See also: The first study of the corpus with relation to gender

title: Corpus callosum

text: that are not. The implications are an increased coordination of hands, differences in white matter structure, and amplification of plasticity in motor and auditory scaffolding which would serve to aid in future musical training. The study found children who had begun musical training before the age of six (minimum 15 months of training) had an increased volume of their corpus callosum and adults who had begun musical training before the age of 11 also had increased bimanual coordination. The symptoms of refractory (difficult to treat) epilepsy can be reduced by cutting through the corpus callosum in an operation known as

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: (malformation) and hypoplasia (underdevelopment, usually referring to the thickness) of the corpus callosum. Signs and symptoms of ACC and other callosal disorders vary greatly among individuals. However, some characteristics common in individuals with callosal disorders include vision impairments, low muscle tone (hypotonia), poor motor coordination, delays in motor milestones such as sitting and walking, low perception of pain, delayed toilet training, and chewing and swallowing difficulties. Laboratory research has demonstrated that individuals with ACC have difficulty transferring more complex information from one hemisphere to the other. They also have been shown to have some cognitive disabilities (difficulty in complex problem

title: Corpus callosum

text: sex differences in human corpus callosal shape and microstructure. Analysis by shape and size has also been used to study specific three-dimensional mathematical relationships with MRIs, and have found consistent and statistically significant differences across genders. Specific algorithms have found significant differences between the two sexes in over 70% of cases in one review. The front portion of the human corpus callosum has been reported to be significantly larger in musicians than nonmusicians, and to be 0.75 cm or 11% larger in left-handed and ambidextrous people than right-handed people. This difference is evident in the anterior and posterior regions of

title: Corpus callosum

text: the occipital lobe, these are the fibres of the forceps major. In a study of five- to eighteen-year-olds there was found to be a positive correlation between age and callosal thickness. The corpus callosum and its relation to sex has been a subject of debate in the scientific and lay communities for over a century. Initial research in the early 20th century claimed the corpus to be different in size between men and women. That research was in turn questioned, and ultimately gave way to more advanced imaging techniques that appeared to refute earlier correlations. However, advanced analytical techniques of

title: Body of lateral ventricle

text: the fornix; the medial wall is the posterior part of the septum pellucidum, which separates it from the opposite ventricle. Body of lateral ventricle The body of lateral ventricle (cella) extends from the interventricular foramen to the splenium of the corpus callosum. It is an irregularly curved cavity, triangular on transverse section, with a roof, a floor, and a medial wall. The roof is formed by the under surface of the corpus callosum; the floor by the following parts, enumerated in their order of position, from before backward: the caudate nucleus of the corpus striatum, the stria terminalis and the

title: Body of lateral ventricle

text: Body of lateral ventricle The body of lateral ventricle (cella) extends from the interventricular foramen to the splenium of the corpus callosum. It is an irregularly curved cavity, triangular on transverse section, with a roof, a floor, and a medial wall. The roof is formed by the under surface of the corpus callosum; the floor by the following parts, enumerated in their order of position, from before backward: the caudate nucleus of the corpus striatum, the stria terminalis and the terminal vein, the lateral portion of the upper surface of the thalamus, the choroid plexus, and the lateral part of

title: *Corpus Callosum

text: of Technology Perhaps the most obvious theme which runs through this film is the power of technology. Throughout the film, the characters are completely immersed in either their televisions or computer screens. These devices are the cause of their not noticing the shifting and changing environments which surround them. Aside from being distracted from reality by their computer screens, the people in the office actually have the capability to change their reality through their computers. *Corpus Callosum This film does not possess a linear plot as most do, but is rather a jumble of images stuck together in an apparently

title: Corpus callosum

text: connect. Myelination is the process of coating neurons with myelin, which helps the transfer of information between neurons. The process is believed to occur until an individual's thirties with peak growth in the first decade of one’s life. Thinner, lightly myelinated fibres are slower conducting and they connect the association and prefrontal areas. Thicker and fast-conducting fibers connect the visual and motor areas. The tractogram pictured, shows the nerve tracts from six segments of the corpus callosum, providing linking of the cortical regions between the cerebral hemispheres. Those of the genu are shown in coral, of the premotor – green,

title: *Corpus Callosum

text: *Corpus Callosum This film does not possess a linear plot as most do, but is rather a jumble of images stuck together in an apparently meaningless sequence. Office workers in this film continue about their day-to-day business, all while their surrounding constantly shift without their knowledge. Workers clothing changes on their bodies without them noticing, people they are conversing with disappear. At one point, office workers engaging in a meeting suddenly stick together as if drawn to one another by electricity. Other men in the room begin to contort other's bodies, tying each other into knots with their own limbs.

title: Corpus Callosum (2007 film)

text: not Cross can recognize the difference between the American Dream and her own ambitions is up to whether or not she can make this transition; that is, to cross the corpus callosum. Cross Carlton's first name was inspired by the Cross brand of pens, which were symbolic of Yuppie culture of the 1980, and also by the character Cross Sugarman from Curtis Sittenfeld's novel "Prep." During several scenes in the movie, Cross can be seen drinking TaB cola and holding a Cross pen, both symbolic of the 1980s (although the film takes place in 2007). The characters of Kyle Hutchinson

title: Cave of septum pellucidum

text: usually fuse which obliterates the cavum. The cavity contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that filters from the ventricles through the septal laminae. The cave of septum pellucidum is bounded anteriorly by the genu of the corpus callosum; superiorly by the body of the corpus callosum; posteriorly by the anterior limb and pillars of the fornix; inferiorly by the anterior commissure and the rostrum of the corpus callosum; and laterally by the leaflets of the septum pellucidum. There are individual differences in the degree of CSP; whereas some have complete closure of the cavum, others present with a small degree (4-6mm in

title: Umbonium callosum

text: convex. They are separated by simple, linear sutures. The body whorl widens very rapidly. It is large, dilated, flat on the base, except for the large circular callus, which is excessively heavy and convex. The aperture is oval-truncate. The last whorl is very wide, and the umbilical callus far heavier, more convex, than in any other known species of this genus. This species occurs in the Indian Ocean. Umbonium callosum Umbonium callosum is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. The height of the shell attains 8 mm, its diameter

title: Habeas corpus in the Philippines

text: to bail shall not be impaired even when the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall not be required." Habeas corpus in the Philippines Habeas corpus (; Latin for "you [shall] have the body") is a legal action or writ by means of which detainees can seek relief from unlawful imprisonment. In the Bill of Rights of the Philippine constitution, "habeas corpus" is guaranteed in terms almost identically to those used in the U.S. Constitution. in Article 3, Section 15 of the Constitution of the Philippines states that "The privilege of the writ of "habeas

title: Habeas corpus in the Philippines

text: Habeas corpus in the Philippines Habeas corpus (; Latin for "you [shall] have the body") is a legal action or writ by means of which detainees can seek relief from unlawful imprisonment. In the Bill of Rights of the Philippine constitution, "habeas corpus" is guaranteed in terms almost identically to those used in the U.S. Constitution. in Article 3, Section 15 of the Constitution of the Philippines states that "The privilege of the writ of "habeas corpus" shall not be suspended except in cases of invasion or rebellion when the public safety requires it". In response to continuing unrest, the

title: Lateral ventricles

text: corpus callosum - the "floor" at the limit of the ventricle is the upper surface of the rostrum (the reflected portion of the corpus callosum), while nearer the "body" of the ventricle, the "roof" consists of the posterior surface of the "genu". The remaining boundary - that facing interior to the ventricle curvature - comprises the posterior edge of the caudate nucleus. The body of the lateral ventricle is the central portion, between the anterior horn and the trigone. Its roof continues to be bound by the corpus callosum - here known as the "tapetum" ("carpet") - and remains separated

title: Aves in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae

text: believed to be around 10,000 extant species. Linnaeus described the class Aves as: A beautiful and cheerful portion of created nature consisting of animals having a body covered with feathers and down; protracted and naked jaws (the beak), two wings formed for flight, and two feet. They are aereal, vocal, swift and light, and destitute of external ears, lips, teeth, scrotum, womb, bladder, epiglottis, corpus callosum and its arch, and diaphragm. Linnaean Characteristics In the list below, the binomial name is that used by Linnaeus. Aves in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae In the 10th edition of "Systema Naturae"

title: Cerebral hemisphere

text: of the hemispheres be slightly drawn apart a broad band of white substance, the corpus callosum, will be observed, connecting them at the bottom of the longitudinal fissure; the margins of the hemispheres which overlap the corpus callosum are called the labia cerebri. Each labium is part of the cingulate gyrus already described; and the slit-like interval between it and the upper surface of the corpus callosum is termed the callosal sulcus. If the hemispheres be sliced off to a level with the upper surface of the corpus callosum, the white substance of that structure will be seen connecting the

title: Commissural fiber

text: right occipital cortex to the language centers of the left hemisphere. The lyra or hippocampal commissure. Aging Age-related decline in the commissural fiber tracts that make up the corpus callosum indicate the corpus callosum is involved in memory and executive function. Specifically, the posterior fibers of the corpus callosum are associated with episodic memory. Perceptual processing decline is also related to diminished integrity of occipital fibers of the corpus callosum. Evidence suggests that the genu of the corpus callosum does not contribute significantly to any one cognitive domain in the elderly. As fiber tract connectivity in the corpus callosum declines

title: The Body in the Library

text: earlier, Anne Meredith knows Ariadne Oliver as the writer of a book called "The Body in the Library". In the first episode of the second series ("And the Moonbeams Kiss the Sea") of the television series "Lewis," the body of a handyman is found in the Bodleian Library. DS James Hathaway comments to DI Robbie Lewis, "You realise what we've got, don't you, sir. ... The body in the library." The 1984 television film "The Body in the Library" was part of the BBC series of "Miss Marple", with Joan Hickson making the first of her acclaimed appearances in the

title: Roger Wolcott Sperry

text: patient's left hand was put under a partition and then the patient was asked to draw with their left hand what they had been shown. The patients would draw what they had seen in their left visual field, but when asked what they had drawn would describe what had been shown to their right visual field. These tests proved that when the corpus callosum is severed, it breaks the connection between the left and right hemispheres, making them unable to communicate with each other. Not only are they unable to communicate with each other, but also without the corpus callosum

title: Umbonium callosum

text: Umbonium callosum Umbonium callosum is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. The height of the shell attains 8 mm, its diameter 13 mm. The solid shell has a depressed shape. Its outer lip is thin. The color pattern is white or yellowish, finely marbled all over with black, gray or ashen, sometimes with a series of white blotches at the periphery. The basal callus is white, yellow, reddish or black. The smooth surface is polished. The low spire is conical and acute. The 6 to 7 whorls are slightly

title: Congenital mirror movement disorder

text: up until a certain age, the corpus callosum is heavily unmyelinated. This would explain why children during normal development can be seen with CMM disorder up to the age of 7 years, likely due to lack of corpus callosum development. The normal disappearance of clinically significant mirror movements after this age is associated with anatomical and functional maturation of interhemispheric connections through the corpus callosum between motor cortices. Researchers hypothesize that this axonal density in the corpus callosum is responsible for the interhemispheric communication that is ultimately responsible for the suppression of mirror movements during voluntary movements in healthy adults.

title: Habeas corpus in the United States

text: corpus petitions involving state death sentences was still about 1% of the total. About 63% of issues raised in habeas corpus petitions by state court prisoners are dismissed on procedural grounds at the U.S. District Court level, and about 35% of those issues are dismissed based on the allegations in the petition on the merits (on the merits has a different meaning than what it's used for here). About 2% are either "remanded" to a state court for further proceedings (which poses an interesting problem of federalism – the federal court usually issues a writ to the state prison to

title: Commissural fiber

text: the communication between the two hemispheres. A recent study of individuals with agenesis of the corpus callosum suggests that the corpus callosum plays a vital role in problem solving strategies, verbal processing speed, and executive performance. Specifically, the absence of a fully developed corpus callosum is shown to have a significant relationship with impaired verbal processing speed and problem solving. Another study of individuals with multiple sclerosis provides evidence that structural and microstructural abnormalities of the corpus callosum are related to cognitive dysfunction. Particularly, verbal and visual memory, information processing speed, and executive tasks were shown to be impaired when

title: Body of Doctrine

text: Body of Doctrine Body of Doctrine (Latin: "Corpus doctrinae") in Protestant theology of the 16th and 17th centuries is the anthology of the confessional or credal writings of a group of Christians with a common confession of faith. It was a term first used by Philipp Melanchthon, a collection of whose confessional writings was published as the "Corpus Doctrinae Philippicum" or the "Corpus Doctrinae Misnicum". Melanchthon had conceived the notion of assembling his most important theological writings, along with the ecumenical creeds, into a single book called a "corpus doctrinae", or body of doctrine. The Leipzig printer, Ernst Vögelin, published

title: Corpus Juris

text: Corpus Juris The legal term Corpus Juris means "body of law". It was originally used by the Romans for several of their collections of all the laws in a certain field—see "Corpus Juris Civilis"—and was later adopted by medieval jurists in assembling the "Corpus Juris Canonici". Later the term was used for comprehensive collections of laws in the US, as in "Corpus Juris Secundum". The term is commonly used to refer to the entire body of law of a country, jurisdiction, or court, such as "the "corpus juris" of the Supreme Court of the United States." The phrase has been

title: What Is the What

text: That Happens Will Happen Today". Tom Tykwer plans to adapt the novel into a film. In 2009, the novel received the Prix Médicis étranger in France. What Is the What What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng is a 2006 novel written by Dave Eggers. It is based on the life of Valentino Achak Deng, a Sudanese child refugee who immigrated to the United States under the Lost Boys of Sudan program. It was a finalist for the National Book Award. As a boy, Achak is separated from his family during the Second Sudanese Civil War when

title: *Corpus Callosum

text: home consists of a mother, a father, and a boy. The three sit on their sofa, completely enthralled by what they are watching on the television as everything around them shifts. The sofa changes colours, so do the walls, the photos, their clothing etc. The living room they sit in is filthy. Scattered about are empty and full cups, pizza and takeout containers which also shift with no apparent notice from the family members. At a point within this sequence within the home, the end credits of the film are played on the screen, leading the viewer to believe that

title: What Is the What

text: What Is the What What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng is a 2006 novel written by Dave Eggers. It is based on the life of Valentino Achak Deng, a Sudanese child refugee who immigrated to the United States under the Lost Boys of Sudan program. It was a finalist for the National Book Award. As a boy, Achak is separated from his family during the Second Sudanese Civil War when the Arab militia, referred to as "murahaleen" (which is Arabic for the deported), wipes out his Dinka village, Marial Bai. During the assault, he loses sight

title: Corpus delicti

text: killer John George Haigh destroyed the bodies of his victims with acid apparently because he thought that, in the absence of a corpse, murder could not be proven because there was no "corpus delicti". Haigh had misinterpreted the Latin word "corpus" as a "literal" body rather than a figurative one. This had previously been the case, under Lord Hale’s Rule of “no body, no crime”, but in the twentieth century, the law expanded to allow prosecution for murder solely on circumstantial evidence. .i. Corpus delicti Corpus delicti (Latin: "body of the crime"; plural: "corpora delicti") is a term from Western

title: The Body of the Dead Christ in the Tomb

text: for what purpose the painting was created. Various suggestions have been offered, including as a predella for an altarpiece, a free-standing work, or an ornament for a sepulchre. In 1999, the art historians Oskar Bätschmann and Pascal Griener raised the possibility that the panel was intended to form part of a Holy Tomb, perhaps as a lid to be laid over a sepulchre. It is known that Holbein used a body fished out of the Rhine as a model for the work. The panel has attracted fascination and praise since it was created. The Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky was captivated

title: Gomez and López-Hernández syndrome

text: is present. Hydrocephalus and enlargement of the ventricular system is consistently present. A reduced corpus callosum is present in some cases(agenesis of the corpus callosum). Gomez-Lopez-Hernandez Syndrome is associated with irritability, anxiety, insomnia, and self-harming behavior. Developmental disabilities often present as intellectual disability with social, occupational, and learning disabilities. Reduced eye sensation may cause self-harm to the eyes; one patient is on record as having put her fingers into her eyes to the point of causing additional corneal damage beyond what is normally characteristic of the syndrome. The exact causes of Gomez-Lopez-Hernandez Syndrome are currently unknown. Mutations of the ACP2

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: solving) and social difficulties (missing subtle social cues), even when their intelligence quotient is normal. Recent research suggests that specific social difficulties may be a result of impaired face processing. The unusual social behavior in childhood is often mistaken for or misdiagnosed as an autism spectrum disorder. Other characteristics sometimes associated with callosal disorders include seizures, spasticity, early feeding difficulties and/or gastric reflux, hearing impairments, abnormal head and facial features, and a mental handicap. Some syndromes that frequently include ACC are Aicardi syndrome, Andermann syndrome, Shapiro syndrome, acrocallosal syndrome, septo-optic dysplasia (optic nerve hypoplasia), Mowat–Wilson syndrome, John Sayden syndrome, Menkes

title: Body of Doctrine

text: the compilers of the Book of Concord deliberately refrained from using the designation "corpus doctrinæ" for it. Body of Doctrine Body of Doctrine (Latin: "Corpus doctrinae") in Protestant theology of the 16th and 17th centuries is the anthology of the confessional or credal writings of a group of Christians with a common confession of faith. It was a term first used by Philipp Melanchthon, a collection of whose confessional writings was published as the "Corpus Doctrinae Philippicum" or the "Corpus Doctrinae Misnicum". Melanchthon had conceived the notion of assembling his most important theological writings, along with the ecumenical creeds, into

title: Sex differences in human physiology

text: hemispheres of the cerebral cortex, which allows them to communicate with each other. With respect to language, males predominantly use their left hemisphere but females use both their right and left hemispheres. The right hemisphere controls emotion, so using the right hemisphere adds more prosody to speech. In males, the corpus callosum is larger than females. However, the splenium and the isthmus subregions of the corpus callosum are larger in females. The genu subregion is larger in males. These subregions may serve as the basis for sex differences in language. However, a 1997 meta-study concluded that there is no relative

title: Corpus cavernosum penis

text: Corpus cavernosum penis A corpus cavernosum penis (singular) (cavernous body of the penis) is one of a pair of sponge-like regions of erectile tissue, the corpora cavernosa (plural) (cavernous bodies), which contain most of the blood in the penis during an erection. Such a corpus is homologous to the corpus cavernosum clitoridis in the female; the body of the clitoris contains erectile tissue in a pair of corpora cavernosa (literally "cave-like bodies") with a recognisably similar structure. The two corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum (also known as the "corpus cavernosum urethrae" in older texts and in the adjacent diagram) are

title: Corpus linguistics

text: inquiry, researchers had begun to apply corpus linguistics to other academic and professional fields, such as the emerging sub-discipline of law and corpus linguistics, which seeks to understand legal texts using corpus data and tools. Corpus linguistics has generated a number of research methods, which attempt to trace a path from data to theory. Wallis and Nelson (2001) first introduced what they called the 3A perspective: Annotation, Abstraction and Analysis. Most lexical corpora today are part-of-speech-tagged (POS-tagged). However even corpus linguists who work with 'unannotated plain text' inevitably apply some method to isolate salient terms. In such situations annotation and

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: MRI, CT scan, Sonography, prenatal ultrasound, or prenatal MRI. There are currently no specific medical treatments for callosal disorders, but individuals with ACC and other callosal disorders may benefit from a range of developmental therapies, educational support, and services. It is important to consult with a variety of medical, health, educational, and social work professionals. Such professionals include neurologists, neuropsychologists, occupational therapists, physical therapists, speech and language pathologists, pediatricians, recreation therapists, music therapists, geneticists, social workers, special educators, early childhood intervention specialists, and caregivers for adults. Prognosis varies depending on the type of callosal abnormality and associated conditions or syndromes.

title: Corpus albicans

text: Corpus albicans The corpus albicans (Latin for "whitening body"; also known as atretic corpus luteum, corpus candicans, or simply as albicans) is the regressed form of the corpus luteum. As the corpus luteum is being broken down by macrophages, fibroblasts lay down type I collagen, forming the corpus albicans. This process is called "luteolysis". The remains of the corpus albicans may persist as a scar on the surface of the ovary. During the first few hours after expulsion of the ovum from the follicle, the remaining granulosa and theca interna cells change rapidly into "lutein cells". They enlarge in diameter

title: Split-brain

text: complete disconnection between the two hemispheres. It is typically used as a last resort measure in treatment of intractable epilepsy. The modern procedure typically involves only the anterior third of the corpus callosum; however, if the epileptic seizures continue, the following third is lesioned prior to the remaining third if the seizures persist. This results in a complete callosotomy in which most of the information transfer between hemispheres is lost. Due to the functional mapping of the corpus callosum, a partial callosotomy has less detrimental effects because it leaves parts of the corpus callosum intact. There is little functional plasticity

title: What Part of No

text: "Watch Me" and "Five Minutes", sends a message that the singer "takes clear control of her relationships" and then discusses similar trends in songs by other artists. The song is also mentioned in the introduction to a legal article, "What Part of 'No' Don't You Understand?", as "forcefully relat[ing] the anguish of a victim of sexual harassment." What Part of No "What Part of No" is a song written by Wayne Perry and Gerald Smith, and recorded by American country music artist Lorrie Morgan. It was released in December 1992 as the second single from her album "Watch Me". The

title: Habeas corpus in the United States

text: passed a bill indemnifying the president for his suspension of habeas corpus. The Senate amended the bill, and the compromise reported out of the conference committee altered it to remove the indemnity and to suspend habeas corpus on Congress's own authority. That bill, the Habeas Corpus Suspension Act, was signed into law March 3, 1863. Lincoln exercised his powers under it in September, suspending habeas corpus throughout the Union in any case involving prisoners of war, spies, traitors, or military personnel, The suspension of habeas corpus remained in effect until Andrew Johnson revoked it on December 1, 1865. General Ambrose

title: History of the location of the soul

text: History of the location of the soul The search for a hypothetical soul and its location have been a subject of much speculation throughout history. In early medicine and anatomy the location of the soul was hypothesized and studied to be physically located within the body. Today neuroscientists and other fields of science that deal with the body and the mind, such as psychology, bridge the gap between what is physical and what is corporeal. Aristotle and Plato understood the soul as a corporeal form but closely related to the physical world. The Hippocratic Corpus chronicles the evolution of the

title: Habeas corpus in the United States

text: Habeas corpus in the United States Habeas corpus () is a recourse in law challenging the reasons or conditions of a person's confinement under color of law. A petition for habeas corpus is filed with a court that has jurisdiction over the custodian, and if granted, a writ is issued directing the custodian to bring the confined person before the court for examination into those reasons or conditions. The Suspension Clause of the United States Constitution specifically included the English common law procedure in Article One, Section 9, clause 2, which demands that "The privilege of the writ of "habeas

title: Habeas corpus in the United States

text: the U.S. Supreme Court. Habeas corpus in the United States Habeas corpus () is a recourse in law challenging the reasons or conditions of a person's confinement under color of law. A petition for habeas corpus is filed with a court that has jurisdiction over the custodian, and if granted, a writ is issued directing the custodian to bring the confined person before the court for examination into those reasons or conditions. The Suspension Clause of the United States Constitution specifically included the English common law procedure in Article One, Section 9, clause 2, which demands that "The privilege of

title: Colpocephaly

text: as psychomotor abnormalilities and agenesis of the corpus callosum. In some cases, signs appear later on in life and a significant number of children suffer only from minor disabilities. The following list includes common symptoms of colpocephaly. Intracranial abnormalities include: Colpocephaly is characterized by disproportionately large occipital horns of the lateral ventricles (also frontal and temporal ventricles in some cases). MRI and CT scans of patients demonstrate abnormally thick gray matter with thin poorly myelinated white matter. This happens as a result of partial or complete absence of the corpus callosum. Corpus callosum is the band of white matter connecting

title: Corpus albicans

text: the enzyme aromatase in the granulosa cells into estrogens, the female hormones. The corpus luteum normally grows to about 1.5 centimeters in diameter, reaching this stage of development 7 to 8 days after ovulation. Then it begins to involute and eventually loses its secretory function and its yellowish, lipid characteristic about 12 days after ovulation, becoming the corpus albicans; during the ensuing few weeks, this is replaced by connective tissue and over months is absorbed. Corpus albicans The corpus albicans (Latin for "whitening body"; also known as atretic corpus luteum, corpus candicans, or simply as albicans) is the regressed form

title: Habeas corpus in the United States

text: rate in all capital cases from 1978 to 1995." Similarly, a study by Ronald Tabek in a law review article puts the success rate in habeas corpus cases involving death row inmates even higher, finding that between "1976 and 1991, approximately 47% of the habeas petitions filed by death row inmates were granted." Most habeas corpus petitioners in death penalty cases are represented by attorneys, but most habeas corpus petitioners in non-death penalty cases represent themselves. This is because federal funds are not available to non-capital state habeas petitioners to pay for attorneys unless there is good cause, there being