query: Who invented the game Scrabble?

title: English-language Scrabble

text: Japan. English-language Scrabble English-language Scrabble is the original version of the popular word-based board game invented in 1938 by US architect Alfred Mosher Butts who based the game on the letter distribution in "The New York Times" in English. The Scrabble variant most popular in English is standard match play, where two players compete over a series of games. Duplicate Scrabble is not popular in English, and High score Scrabble is no longer practised. Although English is a worldwide language, the official list of allowable words and some tournament rules change between territories. The main Scrabble associations in North America

title: English-language Scrabble

text: English-language Scrabble English-language Scrabble is the original version of the popular word-based board game invented in 1938 by US architect Alfred Mosher Butts who based the game on the letter distribution in "The New York Times" in English. The Scrabble variant most popular in English is standard match play, where two players compete over a series of games. Duplicate Scrabble is not popular in English, and High score Scrabble is no longer practised. Although English is a worldwide language, the official list of allowable words and some tournament rules change between territories. The main Scrabble associations in North America are

title: Scrabble

text: CH in the "Collins Scrabble Words" lexicon. In 1938, American architect Alfred Mosher Butts created the game as a variation on an earlier word game he invented called "Lexiko". The two games had the same set of letter tiles, whose distributions and point values Butts worked out by performing a frequency analysis of letters from various sources, including "The New York Times". The new game, which he called "Criss-Crosswords," added the 15×15 gameboard and the crossword-style game play. He manufactured a few sets himself, but was not successful in selling the game to any major game manufacturers of the day.

title: Scrabble letter distributions

text: at any time. Several online tools exist for counting tiles during friendly play. Diacritical marks (such as "é" in words borrowed from French) are ignored. English-language editions of Scrabble contain 100 letter tiles, in the following distribution: The total number of points is 187. When Alfred Butts invented the game, he initially experimented with different distributions of letters. A popular story claims that Butts created an elaborate chart by studying the front page of "The New York Times" to create his final choice of letter distributions. In 2004, Super Scrabble was launched. For international distribution outside the United States and

title: Scrabble (game show)

text: on YouTube in 2014. Scrabble (game show) Scrabble is an American television game show that was based on the Scrabble board game. Muriel Green of Exposure Unlimited came up with the initial concept for a television game show based on the Scrabble board game. During 1983 Green convinced Selchow and Righter, who at that time owned the Scrabble board game, to license Exposure Unlimited the right to produce the television show. Exposure Unlimited hired and co-produced the show with Reg Grundy Productions and licensed the show to NBC. It ran from July 2, 1984 to March 23, 1990, and again

title: Scrabble (game show)

text: Scrabble (game show) Scrabble is an American television game show that was based on the Scrabble board game. Muriel Green of Exposure Unlimited came up with the initial concept for a television game show based on the Scrabble board game. During 1983 Green convinced Selchow and Righter, who at that time owned the Scrabble board game, to license Exposure Unlimited the right to produce the television show. Exposure Unlimited hired and co-produced the show with Reg Grundy Productions and licensed the show to NBC. It ran from July 2, 1984 to March 23, 1990, and again from January 18 to

title: Duplicate Scrabble

text: computer game "Scrabble 2005" contains a duplicate version allowing up to 16 players to play on the same board at once. It was also used on the UK TV game show "TV Scrabble" as one of the rounds. Duplicate Scrabble was invented by Hippolyte Wouters circa 1970, a Belgian lawyer who spoke French as his first language. In 1972 he organised and participated the first French World Scrabble Championships in Cannes, France. Although only 8 players participated in this tournament, a World Championship has been organised every year since 1972 in a different city in several different countries, most recently

title: Scrabble (video game)

text: the United States by the latter date. Scrabble (video game) Scrabble is an official computerized version of the board game of the same name. "Scrabble" reproduces the game board, tiles, and game pieces onscreen. A clock is included to promote rapid thinking to spell and place words within a user-defined time limit. The game also has lightning- and tournament-timing alternatives. The player's letter rack is visible at the bottom of the screen. The player types a word composed of letters from the rack, and if the word is acceptable by the game, the player moves the cursor to the game

title: Scrabble (video game)

text: Scrabble (video game) Scrabble is an official computerized version of the board game of the same name. "Scrabble" reproduces the game board, tiles, and game pieces onscreen. A clock is included to promote rapid thinking to spell and place words within a user-defined time limit. The game also has lightning- and tournament-timing alternatives. The player's letter rack is visible at the bottom of the screen. The player types a word composed of letters from the rack, and if the word is acceptable by the game, the player moves the cursor to the game board to position the word onscreen and

title: Scrabble (game show)

text: off their case" for "detective"). Viewers could win a "Scrabble" T-shirt by submitting a word and clue and having them selected for use in the show's opening title sequence. The first round of every game was the Crossword round, in which two contestants competed to guess words as they were laid out on a computer-generated Scrabble board. Originally, two new contestants played each Crossword, with the winner advancing to the Scrabble Sprint to face the reigning champion (see below). On September 29, 1986, as part of a broader format change, episodes were re-structured to include two Crosswords. The first Crossword

title: Scrabble

text: months in 1993). Billed as the "Official Home Version" of the game show (or officially as the "TV Scrabble Home Game"), game play bears more resemblance to the game show than it does to a traditional "Scrabble" game, although it does utilize a traditional "Scrabble" gameboard in play. On September 17, 2011, a new game show based on "Scrabble", called "Scrabble Showdown", debuted on The Hub with Justin "Kredible" Willman as the host of the program. Each week, teams play various activities based on the board game in order to win big prizes including a trip to anywhere from around

title: Scrabble (video game)

text: score the move. The player may also pass a turn, request a hint of one playable word, and see the tile values at any time through the use of a pull-down menu. In 1988, "Dragon" gave the Macintosh version of the game 3 out of 5 stars. In the United States, "Scrabble" sold 260,000 copies and earned $2.5 million by August 2006, after its release in July 2000. It was the country's 78th best-selling computer game between January 2000 and August 2006. Combined sales of all "Scrabble" computer games released between January 2000 and August 2006 had reached 910,000 in

title: Scrabble Complete

text: and the music. The game offers support for the Official Scrabble Players Dictionary and a hint system for novice Scrabble players. In addition to the main stand-alone mode, Scrabble Complete offers network play. There are also several educational word games, such as word riddles and anagram search, included with Scrabble Complete. Some copies of the game also include the 1997 Boggle computer game as a bonus. Reception to Scrabble Complete was generally favorable with a 75.67% rating at Gamerankings. GameSpot gave the game a 7.2 rating stating: "Scrabble Complete is basically just Scrabble, which, if you're a fan of the

title: National Scrabble Association

text: National Scrabble Association The National Scrabble Association (NSA) was created in 1978 by Selchow & Righter, then the makers of Scrabble, to promote their game. It coordinated local clubs and Scrabble tournaments in North America, including the National Scrabble Championship, until 2009. The last director was John D. Williams, who is co-author of the book "Everything Scrabble". In July 2009, the coordination of tournaments and competitive clubs was transferred to a new organization, North American Scrabble Players Association (NASPA). The NSA continued to publish "Scrabble News" and run programs such as the School Scrabble program. The National Scrabble Association dissolved

title: Scrabble Showdown

text: one of the first three rounds ends in a tie, both teams are awarded the prize and one "Bonus Scrabble Tile." The team that wins the final round wins the game and the trip. Games played in rounds 1 and 2 rotate from show to show and include, "Scrabble Babble", "Scrabble Knockout", "Scrabble Slam", "Scrabble Scream", and "Speedword". Winning a game wins the team a prize and two "Bonus Scrabble Tiles". A coin toss before the show determines which team has the option to play or pass for the first game. Subsequently the winner of the previous game gets the

title: Scrabble Complete

text: Scrabble Complete Scrabble Complete is a computer adaptation of the popular board game Scrabble by American studio Infogrames Interactive, Inc. Initially released in September 2002 for Microsoft Windows, the game has received generally favorable reviews. The gameplay of Scrabble Complete is nearly identical to that of the board game. Like other computer adaptations of popular board games, Scrabble Complete has additional features which allow the game to be customized; Players have the ability to tilt the board in different directions to change the viewpoint of the game board. At the game menu, players can change the background, the board color

title: Scrabble Complete

text: challenging board game it's based on, is a good thing." Scrabble Complete Scrabble Complete is a computer adaptation of the popular board game Scrabble by American studio Infogrames Interactive, Inc. Initially released in September 2002 for Microsoft Windows, the game has received generally favorable reviews. The gameplay of Scrabble Complete is nearly identical to that of the board game. Like other computer adaptations of popular board games, Scrabble Complete has additional features which allow the game to be customized; Players have the ability to tilt the board in different directions to change the viewpoint of the game board. At the

title: National Scrabble Association

text: on July 1, 2013. Activities of the association included: National Scrabble Association The National Scrabble Association (NSA) was created in 1978 by Selchow & Righter, then the makers of Scrabble, to promote their game. It coordinated local clubs and Scrabble tournaments in North America, including the National Scrabble Championship, until 2009. The last director was John D. Williams, who is co-author of the book "Everything Scrabble". In July 2009, the coordination of tournaments and competitive clubs was transferred to a new organization, North American Scrabble Players Association (NASPA). The NSA continued to publish "Scrabble News" and run programs such as

title: The Computer Edition of Scrabble

text: The Computer Edition of Scrabble The Computer Edition of Scrabble is a computer game developed by Leisure Games for the Macintosh in 1988, and was an official computerized version of the board game Scrabble. "The Computer Edition of Scrabble" reproduced the game board, tiles, and game pieces onscreen. A clock is included to promote rapid thinking to spell and place words within a user-defined time limit. The game also has lightning- and tournament-timing alternatives. The player's letter rack is visible at the bottom of the screen. The player types a word composed of letters from the rack, and if the

title: Scrabble

text: is allowable in ordinary Scrabble, EEAIORT would be allowable in Clabbers. A junior version, called "Junior Scrabble", has been marketed. This has slightly different distributions of frequencies of letter tiles to the standard "Scrabble" game. Word games similar to or influenced by "Scrabble" include Bananagrams, Boggle, Dabble, Nab-It!, Perquackey, Puzzlage, Quiddler, Scribbage, Tapple, Upwords, and WordSpot and also Words of Gold. There are also number-based variations, such as Equate (game), GoSum, Mathable, Numble, Numbler, Triolet, Yushino and Numenko. The game has been released in numerous gameboard formats appealing to various user groups. The original boards included wood tiles and many

title: Scrabble Slam!

text: Scrabble Slam! Scrabble Slam! is a card game as well as word game by Hasbro. It was released on June 20, 2009. It is based on the popular board game, Scrabble. This game is also available on the Nintendo DSiWare in North America on April 26, 2010, and on "Scrabble Showdown" on The Hub. The game features 55 cards. Each card has 2 letters on them. One on the front and one on the back. The game can have 2 to 4 players. Each player pulls four letters out of the deck to form a four letter word. Afterwards, each

title: High score Scrabble

text: Scrabble game in 1989. However the official Association of British Scrabble Players website does not list this score as the highest ever, rather 712 by David Webb in 2008, long after high score Scrabble had been replaced by match play Scrabble in the UK. High score Scrabble High score Scrabble is a variant of the board game Scrabble that was popular among tournament players in the United Kingdom in the 1970s and 1980s. The first National Scrabble Championship of the UK was played by high score rules in 1971, and was won by Steven Haskell. In modern "match play Scrabble"

title: North American Scrabble Players Association

text: North American Scrabble Players Association The North American Scrabble Players Association (NASPA) is an organization founded in 2009 to administer competitive Scrabble tournaments and clubs in North America. It took over these activities from the National Scrabble Association (NSA) on July 1, 2009. NASPA's mission statement is “We are a community of tournament, club and avid home players of the SCRABBLE® Brand Crossword Game. We foster an atmosphere for people of all skill levels to play their favorite game, improve their abilities and above all, meet people who share a similar love of the game.” Its motto, suggested by Alan

title: Scrabble ME

text: from the bag or, in another change from the classic version, select one of the face-up tiles on the raised tile holder. Another new feature is an addition to the rules regarding the wild tile. Each time a wild tile is played, the player who utilizes the tile must swap boards with an opponent, thwarting his strategy. The game ends when all tiles are in use and the final word has been played. The player with the highest score wins. Scrabble ME Scrabble ME is a variation on the classic board game "Scrabble", where each player plays on their own

title: Bingo (Scrabble)

text: Bingo (Scrabble) Bingo is a slang term used in Scrabble for a play using all seven of the player's tiles. A player who does this receives 50 points in addition to what the word would normally score. Mattel, the game's manufacturer in the United Kingdom, uses the term bonus to describe such a word. In French, it is called a "scrabble". Bingos are an important part of achieving high scores in Scrabble. While many beginners rarely play even one during a game, experts frequently score three or more. Much advanced strategy revolves around maximizing one's chance of playing of a

title: Scrabble

text: "deluxe" sets still do. Both games are made by Winning Moves and feature smaller, plastic tiles that are held in place on the board with little plastic posts. The standard version features exactly the same 100 tiles as regular "Scrabble". The Tile Lock Super Scrabble features the same 200 tiles that are in Super Scrabble. Editions are available for travelers who may wish to play in a conveyance such as a train or plane, or to pause a game in progress and resume later. Many versions thus include methods to keep letters from moving, such as pegboards, recessed tile holders

title: Francophone Scrabble

text: Francophone Scrabble Francophone Scrabble, or French-language Scrabble, is played by many thousands of amateurs throughout the world and the "Fédération internationale de Scrabble francophone" has more than 20,000 members. Just as in English, points are scored by playing valid words from the lettered tiles. In French there are 102 tiles - 100 lettered tiles and two blanks known as jokers. The official word list for Francophone Scrabble is L'Officiel du jeu Scrabble. There are two forms of competition Scrabble in French. "Scrabble classique", also known as "partie libre", is match play, as in the English-language game. Duplicate Scrabble is an

title: Scrabble (game show)

text: Clark Productions and MCA TV called "Double Up" which was not picked up). The latter two returned in 1988, joined by Vicki Lawrence, Jim Lange, Wink Martindale, and Jeff MacGregor. Summers hosted during the 1987 week when Chuck Woolery played segments of the game. A board game based on this version was released by Selchow & Righter as "TV Scrabble" in 1987. It was the only home version which was originally a board game itself until "Trivial Pursuit: Game Show" released by Parker Brothers in 1993 and "Celebrity Name Game" released by "Playmonster" (formerly "Patch") in 2016. All episodes still

title: Duplicate Scrabble

text: Duplicate Scrabble Duplicate Scrabble is a variant of the board game Scrabble where all the players are faced with the same board and letters at the same time and must play the highest scoring word they can find. Although duplicate is rarely played at competition level in English, it is the most popular form of the game in French and is also played in other languages, such as Romanian and Dutch. The largest French Scrabble festivals can attract over 2000 people and some individual tournaments can count over 1000 participants per game. Although not popular for competitions in English, the

title: Scrabble variants

text: completely on the first level receive doubled points. Scrabble variants Scrabble variants are games created by changing the normal Scrabble rules or equipment. Anagrab is a word game which is usually played with Scrabble tiles. The name is an amalgam of the words 'anagram' (the basic game mechanism) and 'grab' - because a player's words may at any time be 'grabbed' by opponents. The game was first described in 1976 in Richard Sharp's The Best Games People Play, but his description suggests that he did not invent it. Letter tiles are placed face down and turned over one at a

title: Scrabble variants

text: Scrabble variants Scrabble variants are games created by changing the normal Scrabble rules or equipment. Anagrab is a word game which is usually played with Scrabble tiles. The name is an amalgam of the words 'anagram' (the basic game mechanism) and 'grab' - because a player's words may at any time be 'grabbed' by opponents. The game was first described in 1976 in Richard Sharp's The Best Games People Play, but his description suggests that he did not invent it. Letter tiles are placed face down and turned over one at a time. At any point (there are no turns)

title: Scrabble

text: been known as Scrabble in Sweden. Alfapet is now another crossword game, created by the owners of the name Alfapet. A Russian version is called "Erudit". Versions have been prepared for Dakotah, Haitian Creole, Dakelh (Carrier language), and Tuvan. For languages with digraphs counted as single letters, such as Welsh and Hungarian, the game features separate tiles for those digraphs. An Irish language version of Scrabble was published by Glór na nGael in 2010. The previous year the same organisation published the Junior version of the game and two years later it republished Junior Scrabble using a two-sided (and two

title: Scrabble

text: a Selchow and Righter-built product, nearly four million sets were sold. Selchow and Righter bought the trademark to the game in 1972. JW Spears began selling the game in Australia and the UK on January 19, 1955. The company is now a subsidiary of Mattel. In 1986, Selchow and Righter was sold to Coleco, which soon after went bankrupt. Hasbro purchased the company's assets, including "Scrabble" and "Parcheesi". In 1984, "Scrabble" was turned into a daytime game show on NBC. "Scrabble" ran from July 1984 to March 1990, with a second run from January to June 1993. The show was

title: Scrabble

text: six and nine games are played each day. There are also clubs in the UK and many other countries. There are a number of internationally rated SOWPODS tournaments. During off hours at tournaments, many players socialize by playing consultation (team) "Scrabble", Clabbers, Anagrams, Boggle, Words with Friends, Scramble with Friends and other games. Maven is a computer opponent for the game, created by Brian Sheppard. The official "Scrabble" computer game in North America uses a version of Maven as its artificial intelligence and is published by Atari. Outside North America, the official "Scrabble" computer game is published by Ubisoft. Quackle

title: National School Scrabble Championship

text: who had earlier that year scored a record 749 points in one game, came second two consecutive years. National School Scrabble Championship The National School Scrabble Championship, now called the North American School SCRABBLE® Championship, is a Scrabble tournament for 3rd-8th graders held annually in North America since 2003. In 2018, 3rd graders were allowed to compete for the first time; prior to 2012, 5th graders were the youngest grade allowed to compete. The School Scrabble Championship uses the SSWL dictionary, which has offensive words such as "lez" or "jew" omitted. The competition is tournament Scrabble play, in which teams

title: Scrabble (game show)

text: added $50, blue squares added $100, and pink squares added $200 (later $500). In one episode, two contestants repeatedly failed to spell the word MOSQUITOS correctly, despite knowing it was the correct answer. This rule was abandoned by the fall of 1985. The Scrabble Sprint round was the second part of the game and determined the show's champion. In this round, the goal was to solve a set of words of increasing length as quickly as possible. There were two different formats. From the premiere until September 26, 1986, the Crossword rounds were played to determine who faced the reigning

title: Super Scrabble

text: Super Scrabble Super Scrabble is a board game introduced in 2004 and a variant of "Scrabble". It is played on a 21×21 grid board instead of Scrabble's usual 15×15, and uses twice as many letter tiles. In North America "Super Scrabble" is made and marketed by Winning Moves Games, but licensed by Hasbro. In the rest of the world it is manufactured by Tinderbox Games under license from Mattel. "Super Scrabble" is available in English and German. In February 2007, a "Deluxe Super Scrabble" was released with a rotating gameboard and interlocking tiles, just like "Deluxe Scrabble". The changes from

title: World Scrabble Championship 1995

text: World Scrabble Championship 1995 The World Scrabble Championship 1995 was the third World Scrabble Championship. The winner was David Boys of Canada. A fifteen round, Swiss-paired preliminary event was used to determine initial placement. The top four players then played a three-game round-robin (with the results of the first 15 games carrying over) to determine the finalists, who played a best-of-five final. The first game of the finals was a close one with Sherman winning 431–421. Sherman missed a bingo (pENTROOF) but at that point, the game was already in the bag. In the second game, many felt that Sherman

title: Scrabble Showdown

text: Scrabble Showdown Scrabble Showdown was an American game show created for the American cable network The Hub. The program was based on the board game Scrabble and was hosted by Justin Willman. It ran from September 3, 2011, to April 15, 2012. Two teams consisting of a parent and a child compete for the grand prize of tickets for a trip to anywhere in the world. The teams compete in a total of four rounds; winning any of the first three rounds earns a prize and two "Bonus Scrabble Tiles," which provide an advantage in the final round; any time

title: Challenge (Scrabble)

text: has not seen a single drawn tile yet, in order to consider whether to challenge. To do this, the player simply announces, "Hold," which prevents the opponent from drawing replenishment tiles for 15 seconds (but may draw thereafter, keeping those tiles separate). The player may decide to rescind the hold, or challenge the play. Scrabble and Scrabble-like game sites on the Internet such as Yahoo! Games' Literati, Internet Scrabble Club and Lexulous offer automatic verification as an option, which makes it impossible to play an invalid word. The Facebook version of Scrabble and Zynga's mobile game Words With Friends make

title: Super Scrabble

text: quadruple letter scores spaced only three squares away from a double word score, it is not uncommon to see a single play score over one hundred points, even without a fifty-point bonus. Guarding against such plays becomes vital to strategy. However, due to the larger size of the board, this becomes increasingly difficult, especially late in the game. Super Scrabble Super Scrabble is a board game introduced in 2004 and a variant of "Scrabble". It is played on a 21×21 grid board instead of Scrabble's usual 15×15, and uses twice as many letter tiles. In North America "Super Scrabble" is

title: World Scrabble Championship 1997

text: World Scrabble Championship 1997 The World Scrabble Championship 1997 was the fourth World Scrabble Championship. The winner was Joel Sherman of the United States. The World Scrabble Championship 1997 was held in the Stouffer Renaissance Mayflower Hotel, Washington, D.C., and was the second to be held in the United States. Eighty players played a Swiss tournament of twenty-one games each, with each player playing seven games on each of the first three days. The two top players from this tournament then played a best-of-five game final to decide who would be World Scrabble Champion 1997. Prize money was provided by

title: World Scrabble Championship 2015

text: Lewis had AVOUCHED and IRONISTS and a 66-point JOMO. Wellington finished with a 36-point FELTY to win the game 449 - 432 and take the title of World Champion. World Scrabble Championship 2015 The WESPA World Scrabble Championship 2015 (also known as WESPA Championship or WESPAC) was organised by WESPA, the World English-language Scrabble Players' Association, which commissioned ASPA, the Australian Scrabble Players Association, to hold a World Scrabble Championship invitational event in Perth, Western Australia from November 4 to 8. Mattel and Mind Sports International agreed to this. The winner was Wellington Jighere of Nigeria who defeated Lewis Mackay

title: Association of British Scrabble Players

text: the UK. The honorary president of the Association is former Member of Parliament Gyles Brandreth, who founded the first British National Scrabble Championship in 1971 and has taken a keen interest in the game ever since. Former ABSP Chairman Allan Simmons is a prolific Scrabble author and the ABSP website was formerly maintained by "Countdown" series champion Stewart Holden, who now holds the post of publicity officer for the association. The current ABSP chairperson is Amy Byrne. Association of British Scrabble Players The Association of British Scrabble Players oversees competitive Scrabble in the UK. It was formed in 1987 by

title: Number Scrabble

text: Number Scrabble Number Scrabble (also known as Pick15 or 3 to 15) is a mathematical game where players take turns to select numbers from 1 to 9 without repeating any numbers previously used, and the first player to amass a personal total of exactly 15 wins the game. The game is isomorphic to tic-tac-toe, as can be seen if the game is mapped onto a magic square. Number Scrabble is played with the list of numbers between 1 and 9. Each player takes turns picking a number from the list. Once a number has been picked, it cannot be picked

title: World Scrabble Championship 1995

text: Sherman with no chance to win and left Boys as World Champion. World Scrabble Championship 1995 The World Scrabble Championship 1995 was the third World Scrabble Championship. The winner was David Boys of Canada. A fifteen round, Swiss-paired preliminary event was used to determine initial placement. The top four players then played a three-game round-robin (with the results of the first 15 games carrying over) to determine the finalists, who played a best-of-five final. The first game of the finals was a close one with Sherman winning 431–421. Sherman missed a bingo (pENTROOF) but at that point, the game was

title: Duplicate Scrabble

text: in Tours, France where 274 people participated. Due to the nature of duplicate, there is almost no limit to the number of players who can participate in a single game, and at the biggest international festivals, some games are played by more than 1000 people simultaneously. In French, duplicate is practised in France, Belgium, Canada, Switzerland, Senegal, Benin, Tunisia, Lebanon and many other countries. Duplicate Scrabble has been part of the Romanian national championship since 1981. The rules of duplicate Scrabble can vary between different languages and different associations. Some of the general principles of duplicate are Duplicate Scrabble Duplicate

title: Maven (Scrabble)

text: Maven (Scrabble) Maven is an artificial intelligence Scrabble player, created by Brian Sheppard. It has been used in official licensed Hasbro Scrabble games. Maven's game play is sub-divided into three phases: The "mid-game" phase, the "pre-endgame" phase and the "endgame" phase. The "mid-game" phase lasts from the beginning of the game up until there are nine or fewer tiles left in the bag. The program uses a rapid algorithm to find all possible plays from the given rack, and then part of the program called the "kibitzer" uses simple heuristics to sort them into rough order of quality. The most

title: Maven (Scrabble)

text: players maximize expectation by randomly choosing moves according to a probability distribution. Maven is choosing pure strategies at each node. Maven (Scrabble) Maven is an artificial intelligence Scrabble player, created by Brian Sheppard. It has been used in official licensed Hasbro Scrabble games. Maven's game play is sub-divided into three phases: The "mid-game" phase, the "pre-endgame" phase and the "endgame" phase. The "mid-game" phase lasts from the beginning of the game up until there are nine or fewer tiles left in the bag. The program uses a rapid algorithm to find all possible plays from the given rack, and then

title: The Man Who Invented Christmas (film)

text: with an average rating of 6.3/10. The website's critical consensus reads, ""The Man Who Invented Christmas" adds holiday magic to the writing of "A Christmas Carol", putting a sweetly revisionist spin on the story behind a classic yuletide tale." On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, the film has a weighted average score 60 out of 100, based 32 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". The Man Who Invented Christmas (film) The Man Who Invented Christmas is a 2017 biographical drama film directed by Bharat Nalluri and written by Susan Coyne based on the book of the same

title: UK Open (Scrabble)

text: UK Open (Scrabble) The UK OPEN Scrabble Tournament is a British Scrabble tournament that was first organised in 2008. It is one of five major flagship tournaments overseen by the Association of British Scrabble Players (ABSP). The five-day tournament has been held every year since 2008. The prize pool was £13,000 in 2011 and has become the largest Scrabble tournament in Europe. Players from as far away as Australia, Nigeria, and the United States have participated. The event consists of an 18-game warm-up event running over two days followed by a separate 30-game main event running over 3-days. The former

title: Scrabble Showdown

text: show is produced by Rubicon Entertainment. Pat Finn serves as executive producer. Veteran game show producer Sande Stewart serves as creative consultant. Scrabble Showdown Scrabble Showdown was an American game show created for the American cable network The Hub. The program was based on the board game Scrabble and was hosted by Justin Willman. It ran from September 3, 2011, to April 15, 2012. Two teams consisting of a parent and a child compete for the grand prize of tickets for a trip to anywhere in the world. The teams compete in a total of four rounds; winning any of

title: Scrabble variants

text: teams of 2, 3, or 4 race to play legal Scrabble words as quickly as possible. Scoring does not matter; all that matters is how quickly words are played. This can be a co-operative game where all players are simply trying to complete the game as fast as possible. A new variant on Scrabble introduced by Mattel on April 6, 2010. This game has the same rules and tiles as Scrabble, but the board is larger (21x21 vs. 15x15 in the original). With the larger board there are more premium squares, going up to quadruple letter and quadruple word scores.

title: High score Scrabble

text: High score Scrabble High score Scrabble is a variant of the board game Scrabble that was popular among tournament players in the United Kingdom in the 1970s and 1980s. The first National Scrabble Championship of the UK was played by high score rules in 1971, and was won by Steven Haskell. In modern "match play Scrabble" tournaments, players dispute a fixed number of games. In most major tournaments, for example the World Scrabble Championship and the National Scrabble Championship the players are sorted by number of games won and to break ties between players with the same number of wins,

title: Scrabble (game show)

text: remained in place for the remainder of the series run, and a fourth word was later added to the Sprint. In addition to the contestants now using the same set of words, the Sprint payoff rules changed. Five consecutive wins resulted in champions having their total winnings augmented to $20,000. If any champion reached the ten-win limit, they retired with $40,000. On September 29, 1986, "Scrabble" began a 13-week-long tournament called "The $100,000 All-American Scrabble Tournament". This tournament was conducted with a different format from usual "Scrabble" matches, and these changes were eventually made permanent. A total of 188 contestants

title: Scrabble variants

text: and the equal sign in a Scrabble-like placement. A similar Scrabble-like arithmetic game was published in Australia, during the 1970s, under the name "Equable". Number tiles were white, arithmetic operations and symbol tiles (including decimal point, fraction-dashes, and percentage) were grey, and players could freely take special equal-sign tiles when they made their move. Clearly the name was meant to evoke the conceptual link with Scrabble. The game-board also had bonus-squares. One of the earlier number-based variants, Numble was a physical board game using numbers and basic mathematic equations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division). Players form valid equations. Triolet uses pairs

title: Scrabble

text: is an open-source alternative to Maven of comparable strength, created by a five-person team led by Jason Katz-Brown. Several computer and video game versions of "Scrabble" have been released for various platforms, including PC, Mac, Amiga, Commodore 64, Sinclair ZX Spectrum, Game Boy, Game Boy Color, Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, PlayStation, PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable, iPod, iPad, Game.com, Palm OS, Amstrad CPC, Xbox 360, Kindle, and mobile phones. The Nintendo DS version of "Scrabble 2007 Edition" made news when parents became angry over the game's AI using potentially offensive language during gameplay. A number of websites offer the possibility

title: Scrabble variants

text: the number of letters held, is acceptable. Anagrams (also called Snatch or Snatch-words) is a fast-paced, non-turn-based Scrabble variant played without a board. The tiles are placed face-down in the middle of the table, and players take turns flipping a single tile, leaving it in clear view of all players. Otherwise the game is not turn-based, and the rules are very simple: any player who sees a Scrabble-valid word can call it out, take the letters, and lay the word out in front of herself. At the end of the game each player's collection of individual words is scored. To

title: World Scrabble Championship 2018

text: World Scrabble Championship 2018 The Mattel World Scrabble Championship 2018 was a Scrabble tournament organised by Mattel and Mindsports Academy (MSA) to determine the world champion in English Scrabble held from 23 to 28 October 2018. The event was split into two divisions according to players' World English-Language Scrabble Players' Association (WESPA) ratings; the top division comprised some 75 players. 35 games were played on the first four days, after which the top eight proceeded to a 3-game quarterfinals, with the winners advancing to a 5-game semifinals on the same day; the top two players, Nigel Richards and Jesse Day,

title: World Scrabble Championship 2017

text: World Scrabble Championship 2017 The MSI World Scrabble Championship 2017 was a Scrabble tournament organised by Mattel and Mindsports International (MSI) to determine the world champion in English Scrabble. It was held from 22 to 27 August in Nottinghamshire, England. The event was split into two divisions according to players' World English-Language Scrabble Players' Association (WESPA) ratings; the top division comprised some 77 players. 35 games were played on the first four days, after which the top eight proceeded to a 3-game quarterfinals, with the winners advancing to a 5-game semifinals on the same day; the top two players, David

title: World Scrabble Championship 2016

text: World Scrabble Championship 2016 The MSI World Scrabble Championship 2016 was a Scrabble tournament organised by Mattel and Mindsports International (MSI) to determine the world champion in English Scrabble. It was held from 31 August to 4 September 2016 in Lille, France. The event was split into two divisions based on players' World English-Language Scrabble Players' Association (WESPA) ratings. The top division comprised some 72 players. 24 games were played on the first three days, after which the top eight proceeded to a 3-game quarterfinals, with the winners advancing to a 5-game semifinals on the same day; the top two

title: Scrabble variants

text: receive points for their own words, and at the end, when there are no more consonants or no more vowels, the player with the most points wins the game. This form of Scrabble can often result in many players participating simultaneously; the official record for participation in France, where Duplicate Scrabble is the preferred form of the game, is 1485 at the 1998 tournament in Vichy. It is also the predominant format used in the French World Scrabble Championships. So called because in it the blank tiles are recycled. If a blank tile is played to represent a particular letter,

title: The Computer Edition of Scrabble

text: word is acceptable by the game, the player moves the cursor to the game board to position the word onscreen and score the move. The player may also pass a turn, request a hint of one playable word, and see the tile values at any time through the use of a pull-down menu. In 1988, "Dragon" gave the Macintosh version of the game 3 out of 5 stars. The Computer Edition of Scrabble The Computer Edition of Scrabble is a computer game developed by Leisure Games for the Macintosh in 1988, and was an official computerized version of the board

title: Scrabble

text: skill level) board. There are numerous variations of the game. While they are similar to the original "Scrabble" game, they include minor variations. For example, Literati draws random tiles instead of providing a finite number of tiles for the game, assigns different point levels to each letter and has a slightly different board layout, whereas Lexulous assigns eight letters to each player instead of seven. Words with Friends uses a different board layout and different letter values, as does Words of Gold. Duplicate Scrabble is a popular variant in French speaking countries. Every player has the same letters on the

title: Scrabble variants

text: be the word QUARTERFINALIST. Good players must find 7-tile bonus plays a majority of the time, and the short odd words that are a staple in Scrabble are of little use in WildWords. "Scarabeo" is an Italian variant of Scrabble that is much more popular in its native country than the original game. It features a 17×17 board, 8 tiles per rack instead of 7, and a 30-point bonus for using 7 tiles as well as the 50-point "bingo". This child-friendly version of Scrabble can pretty much grow with the age of the child. The double-sided game board incorporates a

title: Scrabble ME

text: Scrabble ME Scrabble ME is a variation on the classic board game "Scrabble", where each player plays on their own small board as opposed to all players playing on one main shared board. It was published by Winning Moves Games USA in 2008 but is no longer in production. The gameplay is a bit different from normal "Scrabble", due to each player having their own board. Each turn, players build words on their boards simultaneously. Once all players do this, the round ends and players score their words. After each round, players have the option to choose a replacement letter

title: National School Scrabble Championship

text: National School Scrabble Championship The National School Scrabble Championship, now called the North American School SCRABBLE® Championship, is a Scrabble tournament for 3rd-8th graders held annually in North America since 2003. In 2018, 3rd graders were allowed to compete for the first time; prior to 2012, 5th graders were the youngest grade allowed to compete. The School Scrabble Championship uses the SSWL dictionary, which has offensive words such as "lez" or "jew" omitted. The competition is tournament Scrabble play, in which teams of two play for 25 minutes with digital timers similar to those used in the board game of

title: Official Scrabble Players Dictionary

text: Official Scrabble Players Dictionary The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary or OSPD is a dictionary developed for use in the game Scrabble, by speakers of American and Canadian English. The "Official Scrabble Players Dictionary" was first published in 1978 through the efforts of the National Scrabble Association (NSA) Dictionary Committee and Merriam-Webster, primarily in response to a need for a word authority for NSA-sanctioned clubs and tournaments. Prior to its publication, Scrabble clubs and tournaments used "Funk & Wagnalls Standard College Dictionary" as an official word source, but as tournament play grew, this source proved unsatisfactory. The inclusion of foreign words

title: Official Scrabble Players Dictionary

text: sixth edition was released on September 24, 2018. 300 new words were added, including "OK", "EW", "ZEN", "EMOJI", "FACEPALM", and "QAPIK". Official Scrabble Players Dictionary The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary or OSPD is a dictionary developed for use in the game Scrabble, by speakers of American and Canadian English. The "Official Scrabble Players Dictionary" was first published in 1978 through the efforts of the National Scrabble Association (NSA) Dictionary Committee and Merriam-Webster, primarily in response to a need for a word authority for NSA-sanctioned clubs and tournaments. Prior to its publication, Scrabble clubs and tournaments used "Funk & Wagnalls Standard

title: The Man Who Invented Christmas (film)

text: The Man Who Invented Christmas (film) The Man Who Invented Christmas is a 2017 biographical drama film directed by Bharat Nalluri and written by Susan Coyne based on the book of the same name by Les Standiford. It stars Dan Stevens, Christopher Plummer, and Jonathan Pryce. The plot follows Charles Dickens (Stevens) at the time when he wrote "A Christmas Carol", and how Dickens' fictional character Ebenezer Scrooge (Plummer) was influenced by his real-life father, John Dickens (Pryce). It was released by Bleecker Street in the United States on 22 November 2017 and in the United Kingdom on 1 December

title: Scrabble

text: same board and the players must submit a paper slip at the end of the allotted time (usually 3 minutes) with the highest scoring word they have found. This is the format used for the French World Scrabble Championships but it is also used in Romanian and Dutch. There is no limit to the number of players that can be involved in one game, and at Vichy in 1998 there were 1485 players, a record for French "Scrabble" tournaments. "Scarabeo" is a variant that is much more popular in Italy than the original game. It features a 17×17 grid of

title: Scrabble

text: gives the information a serious player needs to advance to successful tournament play. There have been numerous documentaries made about the game, including: Scrabble Scrabble is a word game in which two to four players score points by placing tiles bearing a single letter onto a board divided into a 15×15 grid of squares. The tiles must form words that, in crossword fashion, read left to right in rows or downward in columns, and be included in a standard dictionary or lexicon. The name is a trademark of Hasbro, Inc. in the United States and Canada; outside these two countries

title: Scrabble

text: Scrabble Scrabble is a word game in which two to four players score points by placing tiles bearing a single letter onto a board divided into a 15×15 grid of squares. The tiles must form words that, in crossword fashion, read left to right in rows or downward in columns, and be included in a standard dictionary or lexicon. The name is a trademark of Hasbro, Inc. in the United States and Canada; outside these two countries it is a trademark of Mattel. The game is sold in 121 countries and is available in 29 languages; approximately 150 million sets

title: Scrabble (game show)

text: that any incorrect answer resulted in an automatic loss as the penalty wiped out the remaining seconds. Champions competed until either winning five Sprint rounds or being defeated. When the series returned in 1993, the Bonus Sprint jackpot began at $1,000. Additional money was only added to the jackpot if a contestant landed on a blue or pink square in the Crossword game and solved the word immediately, adding either $500 or $1,000, respectively. No cash bonuses were given directly to contestants in this version; all bonuses went into the Bonus Sprint jackpot. Over the years, "Scrabble" had several special

title: Scrabble (game show)

text: exist. Fremantle North America, which is a direct successor to Reg Grundy Productions, and Hasbro, which owns the "Scrabble" board game in the United States and Canada, currently own the rights to the series as well as any future revivals. Reruns aired on USA Network from September 16, 1991, to October 13, 1995 (with the exception of a brief period from February 6 to April 14, 1995). The short-lived 1993 revival has not been rerun since cancellation. An unsold 1990 pilot with Los Angeles TV personality Steve Edwards, taped for an intended syndication run via Group W Productions was posted

title: Scrabble Slam!

text: "Time Out" immediately to halt play and make a decision about the word on the table. Unlike the board game, words can be repeated throughout the game, but a player can never set a letter on top of a same letter. A "t" can never be placed on top of another "t" in the word. Therefore, the words change constantly. Blank cards in the deck can be used to represent any letter (Hasbro, 2008). Scrabble Slam! Scrabble Slam! is a card game as well as word game by Hasbro. It was released on June 20, 2009. It is based on

title: Scrabble letter distributions

text: or both. This is not an official version of the game, although Hasbro did create their own licensed "Star Trek Scrabble" game in which players can receive bonus points by playing Klingon words. "Star Trek Scrabble" uses standard English-language tiles. There are three kinds of Latin-language Scrabble sets developed by three authorities in the language. The first distribution, developed by the Centre for Medieval Studies of the University of Toronto, uses these 100 tiles: An extension of the first distribution for Latin Paleography, developed by the Centre for Medieval Studies of the University of Toronto, uses these 120 tiles: The

title: World Scrabble Championship 1997

text: consonants. Sherman won the game and was crowned World Scrabble Champion, after losing in the final two years earlier. World Scrabble Championship 1997 The World Scrabble Championship 1997 was the fourth World Scrabble Championship. The winner was Joel Sherman of the United States. The World Scrabble Championship 1997 was held in the Stouffer Renaissance Mayflower Hotel, Washington, D.C., and was the second to be held in the United States. Eighty players played a Swiss tournament of twenty-one games each, with each player playing seven games on each of the first three days. The two top players from this tournament then

title: TV Scrabble

text: in the first half as his touch screen was seemingly not functioning properly and ended up scoring only 5 points total in that half. The technical problem was rectified in the second half. TV Scrabble TV Scrabble was a British television version of the popular board game, which aired on Challenge TV from 1 October 2001 to 2003. Four players competed in two games on each show. Two players play each game facing each other one-on-one with the winners playing in the daily final at the end of the show. In each game there were two rounds. In this round,

title: TV Scrabble

text: TV Scrabble TV Scrabble was a British television version of the popular board game, which aired on Challenge TV from 1 October 2001 to 2003. Four players competed in two games on each show. Two players play each game facing each other one-on-one with the winners playing in the daily final at the end of the show. In each game there were two rounds. In this round, the players had the same seven tiles and had to try to find the best scoring combination possible within 20 seconds (25 seconds in series 2). They inputted their moves with a touch

title: Scrabble variants

text: variant for children five to seven years of age on one side and a version for older children aged seven to ten on the other. Two to four players can take part in a game. In the simpler version, young players connect letters with words on the game board. The words have been preprinted on the playing field and only have to be covered by the letter tiles until a complete word has been constructed. If the board is flipped, words must be constructed independently, as they are in adult Scrabble. This game is a cross between Othello and Scrabble

title: Number Scrabble

text: again. If a player has picked three numbers that add up to 15, that player wins the game. However, if all the numbers are used and no player gets exactly 15, the game is a draw. The game is identical to tic-tac-toe, as can be seen by reference to a 3x3 magic square: if a player has selected three numbers which can be found in a line on a magic square, they will add up to 15. If they have selected any other three numbers, they will not. Number Scrabble Number Scrabble (also known as Pick15 or 3 to 15)

title: Scrabble (game show)

text: wild card contestants competed in semifinal matches on Monday through Thursday. The four winners advanced to the final matches that Friday, with a grand prize of $100,000 for the winner. With slight adjusting, this tournament format became the new permanent "Scrabble" format on December 29, 1986. As noted above, each episode now featured four contestants and two Crossword games worth $500 each. The champion played in the first Crossword, whose winner set a Sprint time for the second winner to beat, and the Sprint winner received $1,000 and took or retained the championship. With this format change, "Scrabble" became a

title: World Scrabble Championship 1991

text: groups of 6 and played round robins within their groups. The top 2 players from each group then played a knockout to produce two finalists who played a best-of-three finals. Morris and Cappelletto split their first two games then met for a final game to decide it all. On his tenth move, Cappelletto made a rare blunder by playing the phony SMAIL instead of CLAIMS. The move may have cost him the championship. As it was, Morris pulled out a complicated end game for a 4-point win and the first world title. World Scrabble Championship 1991 The World Scrabble Championship

title: Scrabble Showdown

text: set of 16 letter tiles are placed on the board. A randomizer then causes tiles to light up. Each team is allowed to stop the randomizer; a team starts the final round with the regulation value of the tiles that they stop the randomizer on; the number of tiles that the randomizer lights up is the number of "Bonus Scrabble Tiles" that the team had earned from the three previous rounds. This becomes their "head start" score before playing "Scrabble Lightning". The game is played on a regulation Scrabble board with only the double and triple-word score spaces (the double

title: Super Scrabble

text: corners of the board. Other than the differences in the board and the number of tiles, gameplay is similar to "Scrabble". Each player has seven tiles in their rack as normal, scoring is the same, and the same word lists are used. However, the differences are enough to upset normal "Scrabble" strategies. For example, the fifty points earned from a bingo (using all seven tiles) is not nearly as significant when compared to the high final scores. For a two-player game, scores over eight hundred points are not uncommon. Tournament-level "Scrabble" games are usually limited to two players. Many tournament

title: Scrabble variants

text: or triplets of numbers that sum up to less than, or exactly 15, respectively. The placement of the pairs or triplets is similar to Scrabble. Triolet means "triplet" in French. Yushino uses number sequences where every number is the last digit of the sum of the previous two. For two number sequences it requires that the numbers are adjacent. Mixmath, a game developed by Wrebbit, also involves placing correct mathematical equations on a board with bonus squares similar to a scrabble board. Scrabble Upwords (originally just named UpWords) is played with 100 letter tiles on a special 10×10 board with

title: Scrabble variants

text: create the words, players can: A version of the game seems to be popular among tournament Scrabble players. Writers John Ciardi, James Merrill, John Malcolm Brinnin, and Richard Wilbur reputedly played together regularly in Key West, Florida, with novelist John Hersey also sometimes sitting in. Bananagrams is a commercial version of the variant Take Two (see below). Clabbers is the best known variant to tournament Scrabble players. All of the rules are identical to Scrabble with one exception: words played only have to be anagrams of real words. For example, MPORCTEU is a valid play in Clabbers because it is

title: World Scrabble Championship 2016

text: Mpakaboari beat Sandy Nang 3–0 in a best-of-five finals. World Scrabble Championship 2016 The MSI World Scrabble Championship 2016 was a Scrabble tournament organised by Mattel and Mindsports International (MSI) to determine the world champion in English Scrabble. It was held from 31 August to 4 September 2016 in Lille, France. The event was split into two divisions based on players' World English-Language Scrabble Players' Association (WESPA) ratings. The top division comprised some 72 players. 24 games were played on the first three days, after which the top eight proceeded to a 3-game quarterfinals, with the winners advancing to a

title: World Scrabble Championship

text: World Scrabble Championship The World Scrabble Championship (WSC) is the most-prestigious title in competitive English-language Scrabble. It was held every second year after 1991 until 2013 when it began to be held annually. It has been an open event since 2014. Although the official brand name and organizations of the event have changed over recent years, many Scrabble enthusiasts from more than 30 countries compete to become World Scrabble Champion. The reigning World Scrabble Champion is Nigel Richards, who won his fourth title at the 2018 Mattel World Scrabble Championships by winning the final in London in 2018. Sponsorship of

title: National Scrabble Championship (UK)

text: in a 14-game stage with the top two playing in a best-of-five final held in London. Since the replacement of the ABSP from Mattel as the sponsor of the NSC in 2014, qualifiers now compete in a 17-game final held over a weekend in November, with no best-of-5 final. The final, like a normal Scrabble tournament, orders players based on number of wins then by number of spread points. The player who finishes first after 17-games is crowned UK National Scrabble Champion and wins a cash prize of £1,000. Smaller cash prizes are also awarded to the top 10 players,

title: Scrabble

text: Newtown. They made 2,400 sets that year, but lost money. According to legend, "Scrabble"s big break came in 1952 when Jack Straus, president of Macy's, played the game on vacation. Upon returning from vacation, he was surprised to find that his store did not carry the game. He placed a large order and within a year, "everyone had to have one." In 1952, unable to meet demand himself, Brunot sold manufacturing rights to Long Island-based Selchow and Righter, one of the manufacturers who, like Parker Brothers and Milton Bradley Company, had previously rejected the game. In its second year as

title: Scrabble Champions Tournament 2014

text: 464. In the final game, Craig had bingos VENTROUS, GAIETIEs, DIORItE while Chris had DIRECTER and a 60-point XENIC but Craig sealed the win with a 42-point TALAQ to take the game 438 - 414 and the title of World Champion. Beevers, whose prize was £3,000, has been playing for 12 years and was the 2009 UK champion. Third and fourth were Dave Wiegand and Adam Logan respectively. The weekend following the championship there was a consolation tournament which was won by 2013 champion Nigel Richards. Scrabble Champions Tournament 2014 The World Scrabble Championship 2014, renamed by Mattel to Scrabble

title: Challenge (Scrabble)

text: Challenge (Scrabble) In the game of Scrabble, a challenge is the act of one player questioning the validity of one or more words formed by another player on the most recent turn. In double challenge (most common in North American tournaments), if one or more of the challenged words is not in the agreed-upon dictionary or word source, the challenged player loses his turn. If all challenged words are acceptable, the challenger loses his turn. In tournament play, a player challenges by neutralizing the game clock and announcing, "Challenge." Both players must refer to word judge software, or request an

title: Scrabble variants

text: are formed. This variation is also used on "Scrabble Showdown". This game has the same size board and nearly the same scoring system as Scrabble. The major differences are the inclusion of twelve wild tiles marked with an asterisk that may represent one letter or any series of letters and special board squares that convert a regular letter tile into a wild tile (the tile in question is placed upside down on such a square). The nature of these changes shifts the emphasis of the game from playing short words to playing words of any length. For example, QUA*IST, could

title: Scrabble (game show)

text: configuration as the premium squares on the original Scrabble board, awarded money as shown in the sections below. Whenever two new contestants played this round, a backstage coin toss determined who would start the first word. Following the 1986 episode re-structuring, if a champion was playing the first Crossword, it was started by the challenger. Each successive word was started by the trailing contestant, or by the one who did not start the previous word if the score was tied. In the first week of the show, a cumulative money pot was used in the Crossword round. Each letter placed

title: Scrabble

text: made in 1989 did not affect game play. The major changes in 1999 were as follows: In the notation system common in tournament play, columns are labeled with the letters "A-O" and rows with the numbers "1-15". (On "Scrabble" boards manufactured by Mattel as well as on the Internet Scrabble Club, rows are lettered while columns are numbered instead.) A play is usually identified in the format "xy WORD score" or "WORD xy score", where "x" denotes the column or row on which the play's main word extends, "y" denotes the second coordinate of the main word's first letter, and

title: Scrabble

text: have been sold worldwide and roughly one-third of American and half of British homes have a Scrabble set. There are around 4,000 Scrabble clubs around the world. The game is played by two to four players on a square board with a 15×15 grid of cells (individually known as "squares"), each of which accommodates a single letter tile. In official club and tournament games, play is between two players or, occasionally, between two teams each of which collaborates on a single rack. The board is marked with "premium" squares, which multiply the number of points awarded: eight dark red "triple-word"

title: Scrabble letter distributions

text: Scrabble letter distributions Editions of the word board game Scrabble in different languages have differing letter distributions of the tiles, because the frequency of each letter of the alphabet is different for every language. As a general rule, the rarer the letter, the more points it is worth. Many languages use sets of 102 tiles, since the original distribution of one hundred tiles was later augmented with two blank tiles. In tournament play, while it is acceptable to pause the game to count the tiles remaining in the game, it is not acceptable to mention how many tiles are remaining

title: Scrabble 2007 Edition

text: Scrabble 2007 Edition Scrabble 2007 Edition is a puzzle video game for the Nintendo DS and Windows. It was published by Ubisoft and developed by Wizarbox. It was released on September 7, 2007. The rules are the same as the board game of the same name, involving placing letters on a grid to score points in a crossword fashion. The Nintendo DS version made worldwide news in September, 2007 and December, 2008 when parents became upset upon finding the game's artificial intelligence player using coarse language ("shit", "lesbo", "tits" and "fucker"). This led to the re-rating of the game to