query: What is the name given to the Islamic counterpart of the Red Cross?

title: International Committee of the Red Cross

text: International Committee of the Red Cross The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is a humanitarian institution based in Geneva, Switzerland, and a three-time Nobel Prize Laureate. State parties (signatories) to the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols of 1977 (Protocol I, Protocol II) and 2005 have given the ICRC a mandate to protect victims of international and internal armed conflicts. Such victims include war wounded, prisoners, refugees, civilians, and other non-combatants. The ICRC is part of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement along with the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent

text: War, Charity"). It has preserved this motto while other Red Cross organizations have adopted others. Due to Geneva's location in the French-speaking part of Switzerland, the ICRC is also known under its initial French name "Comité international de la Croix-Rouge" (CICR). However, the ICRC has three official languages (English, French and Spanish). The official symbol of the ICRC is the Red Cross on white background (the inverse of the Swiss flag) with the words "COMITE INTERNATIONAL GENEVE" circling the cross. Under the Geneva Convention, the red cross, red crescent and red crystal emblems provide protection for military medical services and

title: Standing Commission of the Red Cross and Red Crescent

text: Crescent Prize for Peace and Humanity. It was created in 1987 and is given either to National Societies or to persons in the Movement “who have actively contributed to a more peaceful world through humanitarian action and the dissemination of the ideals of the Movement”. Only three recipients have received it so far, the Lebanese Red Cross in 1989, the Somali Red Crescent in 1993 and the Syrian Arab Red Crescent in a ceremony in Sydney on November 12, 2013. Standing Commission of the Red Cross and Red Crescent The Standing Commission of the Red Cross and Red Crescent is

text: Cross and Red Crescent. The Standing Commission makes up to five awards every two years. The medal is awarded in order to “recognise and reward outstanding services and acts of great devotion, mainly of international significance, to the cause of the Red Cross/Red Crescent by any of its members.” Special weight is put on the international significance of a potential recipient's acts or service. The medal was first given in 1969 and 142 individuals have received the award since then. Table of previous Henry Dunant medal winners The Standing Commission is also responsible for awarding the Red Cross and Red

text: the movement. After recognition by the ICRC, a national society is admitted as a member to the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (the Federation, or IFRC). The ICRC and the Federation cooperate with the individual national societies in their international missions, especially with human, material, and financial resources and organizing on-site logistics. According to the 1997 Seville Agreement, the ICRC is the lead Red Cross agency in conflicts while other organizations within the movement take the lead in non-war situations. National societies will be given the lead especially when a conflict is happening within their own

text: Standing Commission of the Red Cross and Red Crescent The Standing Commission of the Red Cross and Red Crescent is the permanent statutory body of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and the highest deliberative body of the Movement between the meetings of the Council of Delegates and the International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent. It was originally set up to coordinate cooperation between the International Committee of the Red Cross and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (previously known as the League of Red Cross Societies). It consists of two

title: Red Cross Society of the Republic of China

text: Red Cross Society of the Republic of China The Red Cross Society of the Republic of China () is the Red Cross Society of the Republic of China on Taiwan. The society is not recognized by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) because it does not meet all the conditions set out in the Statues of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, and it is not a member of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. From its founding in 1904, to 1949, when the Kuomintang retreated to Taiwan, the society shared its history

text: struggles within the movement. The ICRC has come into conflict with the Federation and certain national societies at various times. The American Red Cross threatened to supplant the ICRC with its creation of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies as "a real international Red Cross" after the First World War. Elements of the Swedish Red Cross desired to supplant the Swiss authority of the ICRC after WWII. Over time the Swedish sentiments subsided, and the IFRC grew to work more harmoniously with the ICRC after years of organizational discord. Currently, the IFRC's Movement Cooperation division organizes

text: representatives from the ICRC (including its president), two from the IFRC (including its president), and five individuals who are elected by the International Conference. There is also a permanent administrative Secretariat currently located at the ICRC Headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. There have been 55 previous elected members of the Standing Commission. The Standing Commission is also responsible for giving out the Henry Dunant Medal (the Movement's highest award) and the Red Cross Red Crescent Prize for Peace and Humanity. The Standing Commission of the Red Cross and Red Crescent is the permanent statutory body of the Red Cross and Red

title: Emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

text: the Red Crescent was first used by its successor nation Turkey, followed by Egypt. From its official recognition to today, the Red Crescent became the organizational emblem of nearly every national society in countries with majority Muslim populations. The national societies of some countries such as Pakistan (1974), Malaysia (1975), or Bangladesh (1989) have officially changed their name and emblem from the Red Cross to the Red Crescent. The Red Crescent is used by 33 of the 190 recognized societies worldwide. The introduction of an additional neutral protection symbol had been under discussion for a number of years, with the

text: months on average. The Standing Commission has nine members, five elected from national societies but serving in a personal capacity; two from the International Committee of the Red Cross (one of whom serves as President); and two from the International Federation of the Red Cross and the Red Crescent Societies (IFRC). There is also a permanent administrative Secretariat located at the ICRC Headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. Previous and current elected members of the Standing Commission The Henry Dunant Medal is the highest award of the Red Cross Movement and is presented and awarded by the Standing Commission of the Red

title: Belgian Red Cross

text: and those that are Muslim do not particularly want to be represented with a Christian symbol; hence the crescent. The crescent is an Islamic symbol important to the Muslims, similarly as the cross is to those of the Christian belief. Therefore, the Red Crescent and the Red Cross both provide primarily the same humanitarian services and aid as one another. The Belgian Red Cross was established on February 4, 1864 by Doctor Andrea Wegner. Its headquarters is in Brussels, Belgium. This is an Flemish independent volunteer based organization under the umbrella of The Belgian Red Cross and is a connected

text: Emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement The emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, under the Geneva Conventions, are to be placed on humanitarian and medical vehicles and buildings, and to be worn by medical personnel and others carrying out humanitarian work, to protect them from military attack on the battlefield. There are four such emblems, three of which are in use: the Red Cross, the Red Crescent, and the Red Crystal. The Red Lion and Sun is also a recognized emblem, but is no longer in use. There were also prior disputes

text: Crescent Movement and the highest deliberative body of the Movement between the meetings of the Council of Delegates and the International Conference, as well as the trustee of the International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent. It was created during the 13th Red Cross Conference in the Hague, the Netherlands in 1928, under Article 18, resolution X. It was set up, in part, to be a connecting force between the International Committee of the Red Cross and the League (today the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies), as there had been some disputes over how

title: Red Cross of Serbia

text: Red Cross of Serbia The Red Cross of Serbia () is a humanitarian, non-governmental organisation that provides humanitarian aid, disaster relief and education in Serbia. It is the national affiliate of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. It was founded on 6 February 1876 by Vladan Đorđević, a prominent Serbian physician. One of the public authorisations given to the Red Cross of Serbia by the Government of Serbia is preparing, acting and educating people for response to disasters, armed conflicts and other emergency situations on the territory of Serbia. More than 3,000 volunteers in local branches

text: with Sun and the Red Crystal, are defined in the Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols as symbols for protective use. When used as an organizational logo, these symbols only indicate that persons, vehicles, buildings, etc. which bear the symbols belong to a specific organization which is part of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (like the ICRC, the International Federation or the national Red Cross and Red Crescent societies). In this case, they should be used with an additional specification (for example "American Red Cross") and not be displayed as prominently as when used as protection symbols.

text: in the number and scope of its missions in Africa. Most of the ICRC's funding comes from Switzerland and the United States, with other European states and the EU close behind. Together with Australia, Canada, Japan, and New Zealand, they contribute about 80–85% of the ICRC's budget. About 3% comes from private gifts, and the rest comes from national Red Cross societies. The ICRC is responsible for legally recognizing a relief society as an official national Red Cross or Red Crescent society and thus accepting it into the movement. The exact rules for recognition are defined in the statutes of

text: of the American Red Cross. After the court rejected the substance of Johnson & Johnson's complaint, the parties ultimately settled their differences, and the American Red Cross remains free to use its emblem commercially. Emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement The emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, under the Geneva Conventions, are to be placed on humanitarian and medical vehicles and buildings, and to be worn by medical personnel and others carrying out humanitarian work, to protect them from military attack on the battlefield. There are four such emblems, three of which

text: many countries, based on national law in these countries, based on agreements between the ICRC and the respective governments, or, in some cases, based on international jurisprudence (such as the right of ICRC delegates not to bear witness in front of international tribunals). The ICRC's operations are generally based on international humanitarian law, primarily comprising the four Geneva Conventions of 1949, their two Additional Protocols of 1977 and Additional Protocol III of 2005, the Statutes of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, and the resolutions of the International Conferences of the Red Cross and Red Crescent. International humanitarian

text: relief workers in armed conflicts and is to be placed on humanitarian and medical vehicles and buildings. The original emblem that has a red cross on a white background is the exact reverse of the flag of neutral Switzerland. It was later supplemented by two others which are the Red Crescent, and the Red Crystal. The Red Crescent was adopted by the Ottoman Empire during the Russo-Turkish war and the Red Crystal by the governments in 2005, as an additional emblem devoid of any national, political or religious connotation. The official mission statement says that: "The International Committee of the

text: for their medicinal products. The appropriation of the symbol has led to further irritation due to the practice of hospitals, first aid teams, and ski patrols in the United States reversing the symbol to a white cross on a red background – so undoing the original idea of the Red Cross emblem, namely reversing the Swiss flag – thus inappropriately suggesting an affiliation with Switzerland. The symbols described below have two distinctively different meanings. On one hand, the visual symbols of the Red Cross, the Red Crescent, the Red Lion with Sun and the Red Crystal serve as protection markings

title: Red Cross Society of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea

text: Red Cross Society of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea The Red Cross Society of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK RCS; ) is the national Red Cross Society of North Korea. It was founded as the Red Cross Society of North Korea on 18 October 1946. It was admitted into the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) on 11 May 1956. This admittance had a great symbolic importance, as the North Korean regime remained outside most international organizations for decades. However, the DPRK RCS has been called "a misleadingly named state agency" by "The

title: Belgian Red Cross

text: member of the International Red Cross and the Red Crescent Movement. The mission of this umbrella organization is best divided into three parts. The assistance from volunteers is what heavily drives this organization, and is the foundation on which it practices. "" This is a French speaking Belgian branch of the Red Cross. This subsidiary organization of the Belgian Red Cross is also like Rode Kris-Vlaanderens as it is a connected member of the International Red Cross and the Red Crescent Movement. The mission of this Belgian Red Cross branch are as follows: At the Flanders Fields Museum in Ypres,

text: and prisoners of war. Fiscal exemptions for society volunteers were approved. The organization was tasked with provision of basic sanitation and hygiene to the most impoverished; and, with teaching first aid to adults and children. The society meets most of the conditions laid out in Article 4 of the Statutes of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement of 1995, except that Taiwan is not a signatory to the Geneva Conventions. Its mission may be made more difficult because of a lack of clarity surrounding the society's independence from the Red Cross Society of China. On 11–12 September 1990,

title: International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

text: Cross and Red Crescent movement in 1923. However, some report the symbol was introduced at Geneva in 1864 as a counter example to the crescent and cross used by two of Iran's rivals, the Ottoman and the Russian empires. Although that claim is inconsistent with the Red Crescent's history, that history also suggests that the Red Lion and Sun, like the Red Crescent, may have been conceived during the 1877–1878 war between Russia and Turkey. Due to the emblem's association with the Iranian monarchy, the Islamic Republic of Iran replaced the Red Lion and Sun with the Red Crescent in

text: officially decided to make May 8, the birthday of Henry Dunant, as the official annual commemoration and celebration day of the Movement. Since 1984, the official name of the celebration day has been "World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day". In Solferino, a small museum describes the history of the Battle of Solferino and of the Risorgimento, the long and bloody Italian struggle for independence and unity. In the Ossario di Solferino (Solferino Ossuary) in close proximity to the museum, a moving display shows the horrors of war. Inside the chapel, 1,413 skulls and many more bones from thousands of

text: Three of these symbols, namely the Red Cross, the Red Crescent and the Red Crystal, can be used for indicative purposes by national societies for use in their home country or abroad. In addition to that, the Red Shield of David (Star of David) can be used by the Israel society Magen David Adom for indicative purposes within Israel, and, pending the approval of the respective host country, in combination with the Red Crystal when working abroad. The Red Cross on white background was the original protection symbol declared at the 1864 Geneva Convention. The ideas to introduce a uniform

text: historian Pierre Boissier, no clear evidence of this origin has been found; the concept that the design was chosen to compliment the country in which the convention at which it was adopted was held, was also promoted later to counter the objections of Turkey that the flag was a Christian symbol. Conversely, there is no evidence that the emblem of the Red Cross was not formed by reversing the colours of the Swiss flag. During the Russo-Turkish War from 1876 to 1878, the Ottoman Empire used a Red Crescent instead of the Red Cross because its government believed that the

text: forces of State Parties to the Geneva Conventions"; and permitted the United States Attorney General to obtain injunctions against improper use of the Red Cross, Red Crescent, and Red Crystal in the U.S. U.S. law still does not specifically protect the right of military chaplains to use the emblems under the Geneva Conventions; however, military chaplains that are part of their armed forces' "sanitary and hospital authorities" would have the right to use the emblems in the U.S. The ARC and other Red Cross & Red Crescent entities also employ chaplains; they are entitled to use the emblems through their

title: Red Cross of Viet Nam

text: to Vietnamese civilians caught in the conflict between North and South Vietnam during the Indochina War and to those affected by natural disasters. The official name of the organization was Vietnamese Red Cross (VRC), with its headquarters at an avenue in central Saigon named after the organization. The VRC played an important role in the program of aid to the million refugees from North to South Vietnam, following the Geneva Agreement in 1954. Red Cross of Viet Nam The Viet Nam Red Cross Society () is a member (National Society) of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent

text: the society held talks with its mainland counterpart in Kinmen, resulting in the Kinmen Agreement signed on 12 September. The talks were about issues such as repatriation of criminals, smugglers or fugitives in the spirit of humanity and practicality. Red Cross Society of the Republic of China The Red Cross Society of the Republic of China () is the Red Cross Society of the Republic of China on Taiwan. The society is not recognized by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) because it does not meet all the conditions set out in the Statues of the Red Cross

title: My Name Is Red

text: the specific manuscripts described (most prominently the "Shahnama given by Shah Tahmasp", more commonly known in the west as the Houghton shahnama) are real and survive in whole or part. "My Name Is Red" received favourable reviews when published in English. A reviewer for "Publishers Weekly" admires the novel's "...jeweled prose and alluring digressions, nesting stories within stories" and concludes that Pamuk will gain many new readers with this "...accessible, charming and intellectually satisfying, narrative." A "Kirkus Reviews" critic describes the novel as "...a whimsical but provocative exploration of the nature of art in an Islamic society. . . .

text: were founded in nearly every country in Europe. The project resonated well with patriotic sentiments that were on the rise in the late-nineteenth-century, and national societies were often encouraged as signifiers of national moral superiority. In 1876, the committee adopted the name "International Committee of the Red Cross" (ICRC), which is still its official designation today. Five years later, the American Red Cross was founded through the efforts of Clara Barton. More and more countries signed the Geneva Convention and began to respect it in practice during armed conflicts. In a rather short period of time, the Red Cross gained

title: Name changes due to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

text: Name changes due to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, often abbreviated as "ISIL" and pronounced as such, is a militant Islamist terrorist group. It is also known as the "Islamic State of Iraq and Syria" or the "Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham", abbreviated as "ISIS" (and pronounced the same as the ancient Egyptian goddess, Isis), which has caused name changes to distinguish other entities from the group. Version 0.3 of Linux distribution elementary OS, originally to be called Isis, was renamed Freya. (Freya is a Norse goddess.) A

title: The Queen's Book of the Red Cross

text: The Queen's Book of the Red Cross The Queen's Book of the Red Cross was published in November 1939 in a fundraising effort to aid the Red Cross during World War II. The book was sponsored by Queen Elizabeth, and its contents were contributed by fifty British authors and artists. Title: The Queen's book of the Red Cross : with a message from Her Majesty the Queen and contributions by fifty British authors and artists : in aid of the Lord Mayor of London's fund for the Red Cross and the Order of St. John of Jerusalem. Author: Elizabeth, Queen

text: of the Red Cross name and emblem that began prior to 5 January 1905, could continue, but only if that use was "for the same purpose and for the same class of goods." Later, the U.S. ratified the 1949 revisions to the Geneva Conventions with a specific reservation that pre-1905 Red Cross trademarks would not be disturbed as long as the Red Cross is not used on "aircraft, vessels, vehicles, buildings or other structures, or upon the ground", all of which are likely to be confused with military uses. Until 2007, U.S. law only protected the Red Cross, and only

title: Order of the Estonian Red Cross

text: of the Order of the Estonian Red Cross is determined according to the international PANTONE colour-table as 297 MC. Order of the Estonian Red Cross The Order of the Estonian Red Cross (; ) was instituted in 1920 by the Estonian Red Cross Society. The Order of the Estonian Red Cross is bestowed in order to give recognition for humanitarian services rendered in the interests of the Estonian people and for the saving of life. The Order of the Estonian Red Cross comprises six classes: The crosses of all basic classes of the Order of the Estonian Red Cross have

title: What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?

text: What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" is the title now given to a speech by Frederick Douglass delivered on July 5, 1852, in Corinthian Hall, Rochester, New York, addressing the Rochester Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society. The speech is perhaps the most widely known of all of Frederick Douglass' writings save his autobiographies. Many copies of one section of it, beginning in para. 32, have been circulated online. Due to this and the variant titles given to it in various places, and the fact that it is called a July

title: The Queen's Book of the Red Cross

text: consort of George VI, King of Great Britain; T S Eliot; John Masefield; British Red Cross Society.; Knights of Malta. Publisher: [London] : Hodder and Stoughton, 1939. Description: 255 p., [13] leaves of plates : ill. (some col.), facsims., music ; 26 cm. Reference: The Queen's Book of the Red Cross The Queen's Book of the Red Cross was published in November 1939 in a fundraising effort to aid the Red Cross during World War II. The book was sponsored by Queen Elizabeth, and its contents were contributed by fifty British authors and artists. Title: The Queen's book of the

title: Order of the Estonian Red Cross

text: Order of the Estonian Red Cross The Order of the Estonian Red Cross (; ) was instituted in 1920 by the Estonian Red Cross Society. The Order of the Estonian Red Cross is bestowed in order to give recognition for humanitarian services rendered in the interests of the Estonian people and for the saving of life. The Order of the Estonian Red Cross comprises six classes: The crosses of all basic classes of the Order of the Estonian Red Cross have the same design. The blue colour tone of the moiré ribands belonging to the decorations of all the classes

text: historically well-agreed usage, and were in direct violation of federal statutes. The federal court rejected Johnson & Johnson's position and ruled for the American Red Cross, holding that federal law authorizes the American Red Cross to use the Red Cross emblem in the sale of mission-related items like first aid and disaster preparedness kits and to license other firms to use its name and emblem to sell such products. The court noted in particular that the American Red Cross had been doing so for over a century, and that Johnson & Johnson had once itself sought to be a licensee

text: the emblem was again raised. Lawmakers reiterated Congress' intent that the prohibitions on use of the Red Cross name and emblem did not make unlawful the use of the Greek red cross by those with otherwise established rights. However, these sentiments were again not reflected in the Red Cross charter revision. At the time of the 1905 revision, the number of trademark registrations with a Greek red cross had grown to 61, including several by Johnson & Johnson. Concerned over potential pre-emption, commercial users lobbied for codification of their existing trademark rights. In 1910, Congress formally established that lawful use

title: Fatima (given name)

text: Fatima (given name) Fatima (, ) is a female given name of Arabic origin used throughout the Islamic world. Several relatives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad had the name, including his daughter Fatimah as the most famous one. The colloquial Arabic pronunciation of the name in some dialects (e.g., Syrian and Egyptian) often omits the unstressed second syllable and renders it as "Fatma" when romanized. Fatima is also used by non-Muslims: the town of Fátima, Portugal was named after a Moorish princess. It was the site of a famous Marian apparition in 1917, after which it achieved some popularity as

title: Maingau Clinic of the Red Cross

text: Maingau Clinic of the Red Cross The Maingau Clinic of the Red Cross () is a clinic in Frankfurt, Germany, which is run by the German Red Cross. It is located near the Eschenheimer Anlage park in central Frankfurt, with the address Scheffelstraße 2–14. The clinic traces its history to the 1890 establishment of the Maingau Nursing Society by the Frankfurt branch of the Patriotic Women's Association. Its main goal was the education of nurses, and for this purpose the society bought a building near the Eschenheimer Anlage. In 1897 the society formally became part of the Red Cross movement,

text: under the sea, as well as on the earth. In the United States, the speech is widely taught in history and English classes in high school and college. American studies professor Andrew S. Bibby argues that because many of the editions produced for educational use are abridged, they often misrepresent Douglass's original through omission or editorial focus. The speech has been notably performed or read by important figures, including the following actors: What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" is the title now given to a speech by Frederick

title: International Review of the Red Cross

text: de la Croix-Rouge." The English language supplement began in 1948, the English edition in April 1961. Language selections of the journal are published in Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian, and Spanish. The current editor-in-chief is Vincent Bernard (International Committee of the Red Cross). International Review of the Red Cross The International Review of the Red Cross is a quarterly peer-reviewed public health journal published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the International Committee of the Red Cross. The journal provides a "forum for debate, reflection and critical analysis on international humanitarian law, humanitarian action and policy in times of armed

title: Nazar (given name)

text: "vow", which is in use as a name in Arabic and Urdu-speaking areas and in some Islamic countries, mainly in the eastern part of the Islamic world; it is a shortening of Nadhr al-Islam. Nazar, or evil eye stone, is an amulet of stone or glass which is believed to protect against evil eye, widely used in Greece, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and other Turkic-speaking countries, Pakistan and Afghanistan, therefore this name implies that the male named Nazar should be wise and handsome. Nazar (given name) Nazar is a masculine name with multiple origins. As used by Christians, it means "from

title: Sarah (given name)

text: Sarah (given name) Sarah is a Hebrew feminine given name found in many different areas of the world. Sarah is a consistently popular given name across Europe and North America, as well as in the Middle East—being commonly used as a female first name by Jews, Christians and Muslims alike, and remaining popular also among non-religious members of cultures influenced by these religions. Frequently, the name refers to Sarah, the wife of Abraham in the Hebrew Bible, the Christian Old Testament, and the Islamic Quran. In Arabic, Hebrew, and Persian, it means "woman of high rank", often simply translated as

title: Maingau Clinic of the Red Cross

text: 1929. The clinic is located just across the street from the Philanthropin, Frankfurt's most renowned Jewish school. Maingau Clinic of the Red Cross The Maingau Clinic of the Red Cross () is a clinic in Frankfurt, Germany, which is run by the German Red Cross. It is located near the Eschenheimer Anlage park in central Frankfurt, with the address Scheffelstraße 2–14. The clinic traces its history to the 1890 establishment of the Maingau Nursing Society by the Frankfurt branch of the Patriotic Women's Association. Its main goal was the education of nurses, and for this purpose the society bought a

title: Knights of the Cross with the Red Star

text: Knights of the Cross with the Red Star The Knights of the Cross with the Red Star or Military Order of the Crusaders of the Red Star (; ; ) is a religious Order originating from Bohemia, devoted mainly to offering medical care. Its members use the postnominal initials of O.M.C.R.S. Throughout its history it was accustomed to the use of arms, a custom which was confirmed in 1292 by an ambassador of Pope Nicholas IV. The grand master is still invested with a sword at his induction into office, and the congregation has been recognized as a military order

title: Gautam (given name)

text: Gautam (given name) The name Gautam (also transliterated as Gautama or Gauthama and a vrddhi patronymic of Gotama) is one of the ancient Indian names and is derived from the Sanskrit roots "gŐ(गः)" and "tama (तम)". "Tama" means "darkness" and "gŐ" means inter alia "bright light". Together, they indicate the one, who dispels darkness (ignorance) by his brilliance (spiritual knowledge) and Knowledge(Wisdom). The name "Gautam" is a masculine name. The feminine counterpart is known as "Gautami". Credited to the great sage, a descendent of Mahaṛṣi Āngira, the name "Gautam" might have come into limelight first during the Vedic period. There

title: What Made the Red Man Red?

text: film's developers made a deliberate choice to distance the character of Tiger Lily and her people from Native American heritage and reimagine them as lacking any particular ethnicity, in order to "avoid the racial insensitivities of... Disney's 1953 animated film, which infamously featured the song 'What Made the Red Man Red?'" The song is sampled in the Frank Waln song of the same title, in which he raps about the legacy of genocide and colonialism and criticizes the original song for its racism. What Made the Red Man Red? "What Made the Red Man Red?" is a song from the

text: person or association to use the Red Cross name or emblem without the organization's permission. Penalties included imprisonment not to exceed one year and a fine between $1 and $500, payable to the ARC. There had been seven trademark registrations for Greek red crosses by entities unrelated to the Red Cross at the time the ARC was incorporated. The existence of these users was recognized in congressional discussion of the act. However, lawmakers took no action to prohibit the rights of these earlier users. In 1905, when Congress was revising the ARC's charter, the issue of pre-existing rights to use

title: Red Cross Society of China

text: in 1919 and was one of the first members. During the 1920s, the Red Cross Society of China contributed to help other countries hit by natural disasters. In 1906, during the San Francisco earthquake and fire that killed 3,000 and destroyed the city, the Chinese Red Cross sent 20,000 silver taels to its San Francisco counterpart to help with relief efforts. In 1923, after the great Tokyo earthquake, the Chinese Red Cross sent a relief team, crates of medicines, and almost $20,000 (in 1923 Chinese dollars) to Japan. The Society's leadership from the 1920s-1940s was closely tied with the American

title: Aunt Jane's Nieces in the Red Cross

text: Aunt Jane's Nieces in the Red Cross Aunt Jane's Nieces in the Red Cross is a 1915 young adult novel written by L. Frank Baum, famous as the creator of the Land of Oz. It is the tenth and final volume in Baum's "Aunt Jane's Nieces" series of books for adolescent girls — the second greatest success of his publishing career, after the Oz books themselves. As with all the previous books in the series, "Aunt Jane's Nieces in the Red Cross" was released under the pen name "Edith Van Dyne," one of Baum's various pseudonyms. The book is noteworthy

title: Barak (given name)

text: is cognate with Hebrew "). The epithet "Barcas" of the Punic general Hamilcar is derived from the same root, as is the name of Al-Buraq, the miraculous steed of Islamic Mi'raj tradition. Although the given name is mostly Jewish and found predominantly in Israel, it has occasionally been used by Anglo-Saxon Protestants in the early modern period, when given names from the Hebrew Bible were in fashion, as in the name of Barak Longmate, an 18th-century English genealogist. Notable people with the name include: The 44th President of the United States Barack Obama’s name, though similar, is from a different

title: Hero (given name)

text: romance novel "Friday's Child". The classical masculine counterpart of the name Hero, Heron (Ἥρων), is associated with historical figures such as the mathematicians Heron the Elder and Heron the Younger. Modern authors frequently refer to these figures as Hero, however, making no distinction between the classical feminine form and masculine form of the name. The name Hero has seen occasional use for both boys and girls in the English-speaking world. In the United States, the name was given to six newborn girls and 22 newborn boys in 2010 and to 12 newborn girls and 15 newborn boys in 2011. It

title: International Review of the Red Cross

text: International Review of the Red Cross The International Review of the Red Cross is a quarterly peer-reviewed public health journal published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the International Committee of the Red Cross. The journal provides a "forum for debate, reflection and critical analysis on international humanitarian law, humanitarian action and policy in times of armed conflict and other situations of violence". It was established in 1869 and has been published by Cambridge University Press since 2006. It was first published as "Bulletin international des Sociétés de secours aux militaires blessés" and later as "Bulletin international des Sociétés

title: Dora (given name)

text: and "Amphidora" are attested in Linear B as , "te-o-do-ra", and , "a-pi-do-ra", respectively. The masculine counterpart of the latter, i.e. "Amphidoros", is also found: , "a-pi-do-ro". In Albanian language, "Dora" means "hand". In the Russian language, Dora can be a diminutive of the male first name Agafodor. Dora (given name) Dora () is a female name of Greek origin being a shortened form or derived from Dorothea (Dorothy), Theodora meaning "Gift" or in its full form "God's Gift", from , "doron", "gift" + , "theos", "god". The name "Dora" can also be a short form of "Isadora", "Isidora" and

text: from the Palestinian political movement Hamas, which many governments have designated as a terrorist organization, have been living at the International Red Cross office in Jerusalem. Israel believes that these three officials had a role in the 2006 kidnapping of Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit, and has issued deportation orders for them. Red Cross spokesperson Cecilia Goin, in speaking with CBN News, said that hosting the Hamas officials is in line with the organization's humanitarian mission. Israel arrested two of the Hamas members for conducting "Hamas activities inside Jerusalem," said the police. International Committee of the Red Cross The International Committee

text: about the Nazi's annihilation plans for the Jews – and even discussed it with U.S. officials – the group did nothing to inform the public, maintaining silence even in the face of pleas by Jewish groups. Because the Red Cross was based in Geneva and largely funded by the Swiss government, it was very sensitive to Swiss wartime attitudes and policies. On October 1942, the Swiss government and the Red Cross' board of members vetoed a proposal by several Red Cross board members to condemn the persecution of civilians by the Nazis. For the rest of the war, the Red

title: Ruby (given name)

text: Ruby (given name) Ruby is a predominantly feminine given name taken from the name of the gemstone ruby. The name of the gemstone comes from the Latin "ruber", meaning "red". The ruby is the birthstone for the month of July. The name first came into wide use for girls in the late Victorian era along with other jewel names. Ruby is a currently popular name in English-speaking countries. It was the second most popular name given to baby girls in England and Wales in 2009, was the 24th most popular name given to baby girls born in Scotland in 2009;

text: insufficiently distinguishable from the protected Red Cross symbol, the U.S. Department of Transportation developed the Blue Star of Life as a replacement for the safety orange cross. The blue Star of Life has since been adopted throughout much of the world on ambulances and in other related applications. In 2006, the Canadian Red Cross issued a press release asking video game makers to stop using the red cross in their games; it is an especially common sight to see first aid kits and other items which restore the player character's health marked with a red cross. In order to avoid

text: The most reliable primary source on the role of the Red Cross during World War II are the three volumes of the "Report of the International Committee of the Red Cross on its activities during the second world war (September 1, 1939 – June 30, 1947)" written by the International Committee of the Red Cross itself. The report can be read online. The legal basis of the work of the ICRC during World War II was the Geneva Conventions in their 1929 revision. The activities of the Committee were similar to those during World War I: visiting and monitoring POW

text: of the Red Cross on a pantomime costume in Glasgow in 2011 resulted in a request for its removal. A notable exception to this is the United States where, although the United States first ratified the Geneva Conventions in 1882, for 18 years no legislation was passed to enact treaty obligations regarding the protection of the Red Cross symbol. On 6 June 1900, the bill to charter the American National Red Cross (ARC) was signed into law. Section 4, which ultimately was codified as 18 U.S.C. §706, protected the Greek red cross symbol by making it a misdemeanor for any

title: Amalia (given name)

text: Amalia (given name) Amalia is a female given name. It is a cross-cultural name found all over the world. It is derived from the Germanic word "amal" meaning "work, activity", specifically the woman's name "Amalberga". Its popularity is attributed to the Belgian Saint Amalberga of Maubeuge. The origins of the name Amalia have often been associated with those of Emilia and Emily, both of which in fact originate from the Latin nomen Aemilia, or with Amalthea, originate from the Greek name "tender goddess". In Greece, the name is celebrated on 10 July in honour of Saint Amalia. Amalia name has

title: What Made the Red Man Red?

text: Americans; in contrast with "What Makes the Red Man Red", however, the offensive lyrics in "Savages" are sung by the villains of the movie, to illustrate the message that racism is wrong. Jonathan "Candy" Candido, who played the role of the Chief in "Peter Pan", said the following in an interview with MousePlanet: Peter Pan and Wendy come across the Indians (who refer to themselves as "Injuns") once arriving in Neverland. Wishing to learn more about them, the Lost Boys ask the Indians three questions: "What Makes the Red Man Red?", "When Did He First Say 'Ugg'?" and "Why Does

title: What Made the Red Man Red?

text: What Made the Red Man Red? "What Made the Red Man Red?" is a song from the 1953 Disney animated film "Peter Pan", in which "the natives tell their story through stereotypical dance while singing". Contemporary audiences may consider it racist and offensive due to its exaggerated stereotypes. Although a similar depiction was displayed within J.M. Barrie's original play, later adaptions have reimagined the "Indians," while the Disney version—and this song in particular—were said to have "doubled-down on racial stereotypes". It has been compared to the song "Savages" from the 1995 Disney film "Pocahontas", which contains negative lyrics regarding Native

text: bringing the total staff under the authority of the ICRC to roughly 15,000. Delegations also often work closely with the National Red Cross Societies of the countries where they are based, and thus can call on the volunteers of the National Red Cross to assist in some of the ICRC's operations. The organizational structure of the ICRC is not well understood by outsiders. This is partly because of organizational secrecy, but also because the structure itself has been prone to frequent change. The Assembly and Presidency are two long-standing institutions, but the Assembly Council and Directorate were created only in

title: Amalia (given name)

text: several variants, including Amelia in English, Amélie in French, Amalie in German, and Amalka, a diminutive form of the name used in Slavic languages. Amalia (given name) Amalia is a female given name. It is a cross-cultural name found all over the world. It is derived from the Germanic word "amal" meaning "work, activity", specifically the woman's name "Amalberga". Its popularity is attributed to the Belgian Saint Amalberga of Maubeuge. The origins of the name Amalia have often been associated with those of Emilia and Emily, both of which in fact originate from the Latin nomen Aemilia, or with Amalthea,

text: Red Cross (ICRC) is an impartial, neutral, and independent organization whose independently humanitarian mission is to protect the lives and dignity of victims of war and internal violence and to provide them with assistance." It also conducts and coordinates international relief and works to promote and strengthen international humanitarian law and universal humanitarian principles. The core tasks of the Committee, which are derived from the Geneva Conventions and its own statutes are: The ICRC drew up seven fundamental principles in 1965 that were adopted by the entire Red Cross Movement. They are humanity, impartiality, neutrality, independence, volunteerism, unity, and universality.

text: to related organizations like Doctors Without Borders and Amnesty International who are more willing to expose abuses and apply public pressure to governments. The ICRC reasons that this approach allows it greater access and cooperation from governments in the long run. When granted only partial access, the ICRC takes what it can get and keeps discreetly lobbying for greater access. In the era of apartheid South Africa, it was granted access to prisoners like Nelson Mandela serving sentences, but not to those under interrogation and awaiting trial. After his release, Mandela publicly praised the Red Cross. Some governments use the

text: disguised as Red Cross care packages, as a plot device), on television, and in computer software and games. Service companies, such as those for car repair or lawn maintenance, tout themselves as service "doctors" and incorporate medical symbols to promote themselves. Prior to 1973, ambulances in the United States and elsewhere in the Western Hemisphere were typically marked with a safety orange cross, differing from the red cross only in its hue. Toys and paintings of ambulances commonly ignored even that nuance, instead using a red cross. After protests from the American Red Cross that the safety orange cross was

title: Red Cross stove

text: branch of the company in Chicago, started in 1879, marketed "Red Cross" stoves. This branch was run by Robert Robinson under the name R. Robinson and Son located on Lake St. The company changed its name in 1890 to Robinson Furnace Company when they added warm air heaters. Red Cross stove The Red Cross stove is a kitchen or parlor stove used for cooking and heating mainly North American homes of the late 19th and early 20th century. The reason for the name "Red Cross" was because of the advertising logo, which featured a red Gothic cross. The "Red Cross"

title: The Elevation of the Cross (Rubens)

text: as a "modello". The smaller painting is unique from the original, however, with the addition of color accents throughout the composition. Due to its size, some have suggested the painting may have been conceived as an independent painting to "The Elevation of the Cross", to be given as a personal gift to Cornelis van der Geest. The painting is presently a part of the Art Gallery of Ontario's permanent collection, after it was purchased from George Holford in 1928. The Elevation of the Cross (Rubens) The Elevation of the Cross (also called The Raising of the Cross) is the name

text: partners to create first aid, preparedness and related products that bear the Red Cross emblem. The charity said that all money it received from the sale of these products to consumers was reinvested in its humanitarian programs and services. "For a multi-billion dollar drug company to claim that the Red Cross violated a criminal statute that was created to protect the humanitarian mission of the Red Cross—simply so that J&J can make more money—is obscene," said Mark Everson, the chief executive of the charity. Johnson & Johnson responded, stating that the Red Cross's commercial ventures were outside the scope of

text: the Assembly. While the rest of the Red Cross Movement may be multi-national, the Committee believes that its mono-national nature is an asset because the nationality in question is Swiss. Thanks to permanent Swiss neutrality, conflicting parties can be sure that no one from "the enemy" will be setting policy in Geneva. The Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71 showed that even Red Cross actors (in this case National Societies) can be so bound by nationalism that they are unable to sustain neutral humanitarianism. Furthermore, the Assembly elects a five-member Assembly Council that constitutes an especially active core of the Assembly. The

text: mobile banking app previously known as ISIS changed its name to Softcard in 2014, stating "We have no desire to share a name with [the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant] and our hearts go out to those affected by this violence". In 2015, the University of Arkansas decided to rename its course registration system from "Integrated Student Information System" to "UAConnect". The University of Massachusetts Lowell renamed its online information system, iSiS, the "Intercampus Student information System", to "SiS" – Student Information System. In 2016, the University of Economics, Prague decided to rename its online information system from

title: Helen (given name)

text: Helen (given name) Helen is a feminine given name derived from the Ancient Greek name , "Helenē" (dialectal variant: , "Helena") whose etymology is unknown; a derivation of the latter from , a variant form of , i.e. "torch", is considered "rather uncertain". Another possible derivation is from Greek "Selene", meaning 'moon'. Helen of Troy is a character in Greek mythology. The name was widely used by early Christians due to Saint Helena, the mother of the emperor Constantine I, who according to legend found a piece of the cross on which Jesus Christ was crucified when she traveled to

title: Scarlett (given name)

text: Scarlett (given name) Scarlett is a feminine name derived from an English surname with an occupational meaning, referring to a person who sold cloth of scarlet. It gained popularity due to the character Scarlett O'Hara in Margaret Mitchell's best-selling novel "Gone with the Wind" and the film adaptation. The name was the 17th most popular name given to baby girls in the England and Wales in 2013 and the 30th most popular name given to baby girls in the United States in 2014. The name also has associations with the bright red color scarlet and, indirectly, with the Biblical scarlet

text: with the Red Cross Society of China. Both societies associate their origins with the founder, Shen Dunhe, a tea merchant. On 3 March 1904, during the Russo-Japanese War, Shen Dunhe created the "Manchuria Red Cross Benevolent Society" and on 10 March 1904, the society was renamed the "Shanghai International Red Cross Committee". Its founders were Chinese business and political leaders and expatriates from the West. Shen chose the aegis of the Red Cross because its neutrality allowed aid to reach those Chinese civilians caught between Japanese and Russian forces in Manchuria. After the Russo-Japanese War, the society expanded and its

text: is still considered the greatest failure of the ICRC in its history. After November 1943, the ICRC achieved permission to send parcels to concentration camp detainees with known names and locations. Because the notices of receipt for these parcels were often signed by other inmates, the ICRC managed to register the identities of about 105,000 detainees in the concentration camps and delivered about 1.1 million parcels, primarily to the camps Dachau, Buchenwald, Ravensbrück, and Sachsenhausen. Swiss historian Jean-Claude Favez, who conducted an 8-year review of the Red Cross records, says that even though the Red Cross knew by November 1942

text: and neutral protection symbol as well as its specific design originally came from Dr. Louis Appia, a Swiss surgeon, and Swiss General Henri Dufour, founding members of the International Committee. The red cross symbolizes as an identifier for medical personnel during wartime. The Red Cross is defined as a protection symbol in Article 7 of the 1864 Geneva Convention, Chapter VII ("The distinctive emblem") and Article 38 of the 1949 Geneva Convention ("For the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field"). There is an unofficial agreement within the Red Cross and Red

title: British Red Cross Badge of Honour

text: British Red Cross Badge of Honour The British Red Cross Badge of Honour, instituted in 1958, is an award badge given to people who show exceptional service to the British Red Cross. The Badge has 3 classes: This award is given to volunteers and staff who have given devoted service to the Society. The Badge is accompanied by a Certificate, which is signed by the Chairman of the Board. The criteria for this award will include the demonstration of service above and beyond the call of duty and actions showing the nominee’s personal involvement and commitment over a longer period

text: affected by armed conflicts and other sources of violence. In 2013 the ten largest operations worldwide are Pakistan, Mali/Niger, Afghanistan, Yemen, Iraq, Colombia, Israel, Somalia, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Sudan. In 2011, with support from the Red Cross Society of the DRC, the ICRC returned to their families in the RDC 838 unaccompanied children including over 390 former child soldiers, 34 of whom had been in neighboring countries. By virtue of its age and its special position under international humanitarian law, the ICRC is the lead agency in the Red Cross Movement, but it has weathered some power

title: Grover (given name)

text: Grover (given name) Grover is a masculine given name. Grover first became popular as a given name in the United States during the presidencies of Grover Cleveland, in part of a long-standing American trend of naming babies after presidents. Cleveland's official first name was Stephen; he was named after Stephen Grover, a former minister at the church his parents attended. However, from childhood, Cleveland's friends addressed him by his middle name instead, and so what was originally the surname Grover became a given name. According to Social Security Administration data, the name Grover increased in frequency by 850 per 100,000

text: 8 August 2007, detailing its decision to file suit, claiming prior rights to the emblem. On the same date, the American Red Cross issued a press release of its own, stating some of the reasons behind its decision to license the Red Cross emblem to first aid and disaster preparedness product manufacturers. It issued a further press release two days later, disputing several of J&J's claims and asserting that "(t)he Red Cross has been selling first aid kits commercially in the United States since 1903." In a statement, the Red Cross said it had worked since 2004 with several licensing

text: French and Austrian troops who died during the battle are shown. Solferino is also host to the International Red Cross Memorial inaugurated in 1959 on the centennial of the Battle of Solferino. The memorial contains stone plaques identifying each recognized national society. In Castiglione delle Stiviere, a small town near Solferino, the International Museum of the Red Cross was also opened in 1959. Moreover, another museum, the International Red Cross Museum stands in Geneva in close proximity to the headquarters of the ICRC. Finally, in the Swiss village of Heiden, the Henry Dunant Museum was opened to preserve the memory

title: Hassan (given name)

text: distinguish which of the two names is intended. The ambiguity can be removed by romanizing the former name as "Hassan" with a single "a", and reserving the spelling with doubled "a" for the latter name, or romanizing the former as "Hasan" and the latter as "Hassan". King al-Ḥasan of Morocco (officially romanized as "Hassan", with a double "ss", due to the influence of French orthography) is an example of the former. The early Islamic poet Ḥassān ibn Thābit is an example of the latter. In the original Arabic, the two different names are easily distinguished. Hassan (given name) Hassan (also

text: employment. On 9 August 2007, in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, Johnson & Johnson (J&J) filed suit against the American Red Cross alleging trademark infringement. The suit sought to halt the placement of the Red Cross emblem on all first aid, safety and disaster preparedness products not specifically licensed by Johnson & Johnson. The suit also asked for the destruction of all currently existing non-J&J Red Cross emblem-bearing products of this type, and demanded the American Red Cross pay punitive damages and J&J's legal fees. J&J released a statement to the public on

text: Crescent Movement that the shape of the cross should be a cross composed of five squares. However, regardless of the shape, any Red Cross on white background should be valid and must be recognized as a protection symbol in conflict. Of the 190 National Societies which are currently recognized by the ICRC, 154 are using the Red Cross as their official organization emblem. According to the ICRC, the emblem adopted was formed by reversing the colours of the Swiss flag of Switzerland. This was officially recorded in the 1906 revision of the Convention. However, according to jurist and Red Cross

title: Christos (given name)

text: gave other anthropological examples of the need felt to distinguish between the "sacred" and the "profane", and university professor Giorgos Veloudis added το Cavafy's examples the distinction between the "profane" word Σταύρος (the name "Stavros") and the "sacred" word σταυρός ("cross"). Veloudis also mentioned the reverse process whereby Christians have treated as "profane" the names of pre-Christian divinities such as Hermes, Artemis, Athena, Aphrodite, names used today by Greek-speakers. Christos (given name) Christos is a common Greek given name. In Greek, it may be spelled Χρίστος ("Chrístos") or Χρήστος ("Chrēstos"), which are pronounced identically ("cf." iotacism). The Greek name Χρίστος

text: the Movement should be run and what level of autonomy the League should have. After years of disagreement, Colonel Paul Draudt who was Vice-Chairman of the League and Max Huber of the ICRC drafted a plan that formed the basis for the adoption of the “Statutes of the International Red Cross” in 1928. This resulted in the League being recognised as a full component of the Movement and helped build institutional stability and effectiveness. In order to help with this cooperation a new International Council was approved- which was the direct predecessor of the Standing Commission. Since then, the Standing

text: mission to aid those affected by war and disaster continued. The society opened Red Cross hospitals in Shanghai and other cities. Local Red Cross chapters were popular because the association represented international connections, modernity and its activities were seen as patriotic. For example, the society sent workers to San Francisco after the 1906 earthquake and workers, medicines and funds were sent to Japan after the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake. In 1920, there were over 300 Red Cross chapters in China. In 1912, the ICRC recognised the national society of the then Republic of China. In 1919, the society joined the

text: International Federation as one of its first members. In the 1920s, 30s and 40s, the society held ties with American and British Red Cross, the Kuomintang government and the Shanghai business community. In 1933, during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Act of Administrative Rules and Procedures of the Red Cross Society of the Republic of China () was passed. The society was renamed the "Red Cross Society of the Republic of China". The society's activities during the war time period (1937 - 1945) were limited to Kuomintang held areas in southwest China and to some areas under Japanese control. Supplies

text: huge momentum as an internationally respected movement, and the national societies became increasingly popular as a venue for volunteer work. When the first Nobel Peace Prize was awarded in 1901, the Norwegian Nobel Committee opted to give it jointly to Henry Dunant and Frédéric Passy, a leading international pacifist. More significant than the honour of the prize itself, the official congratulation from the International Committee of the Red Cross marked the overdue rehabilitation of Henry Dunant and represented a tribute to his key role in the formation of the Red Cross. Dunant died nine years later in the small Swiss

text: national relief societies throughout the world. The movement had extended itself beyond Europe and North America to Central and South America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Cuba, Mexico, Peru, El Salvador, Uruguay, Venezuela), Asia (the Republic of China, Japan, Korea, Siam), and Africa (South Africa). With the outbreak of World War I, the ICRC found itself confronted with enormous challenges which it could only handle by working closely with the national Red Cross societies. Red Cross nurses from around the world, including the United States and Japan, came to support the medical services of the armed forces of the European countries involved

title: Alan (given name)

text: century, where it was about even with "Simon", and more numerous than "Henry". Early occurrences of the name in British records include: "Alanus" in 1066 (in the "Domesday Book"); and "Alain" in 1183. The name became popular in Scotland in part through the Stewarts. This family descends from Alan fitz Flaad, an Anglo-Breton knight, who possessed lands in what is modern day Shropshire, England. Alan (given name) Alan is a masculine given name in the English language. There are numerous differing etymologies attributed to the name. The name was first introduced into England by Bretons who took part in the

title: Order of the Southern Cross

text: Order of the Southern Cross The National Order of the Southern Cross () is a Brazilian order of chivalry founded by Emperor Pedro I on 1 December 1822. This order was intended to commemorate the independence of Brazil and the coronation of Pedro I. The name derives from the geographical position of the country, under the constellation of the Southern Cross and also in memory of the name – "Terra de Santa Cruz" (Land of the Holy Cross) – given to Brazil at the time of European discovery. Originally known as the Imperial Order of the Southern Cross ("Ordem Imperial

text: Korea after record flooding there in August and early September 1984. The society's other humanitarian and relief activities abroad have targeted China, Japan, India, Iran, the former Soviet Union, Argentina, Jamaica, Egypt, Benin, and Somalia. , there were 3,300 Red Cross volunteers in the North Korea. In 2013, its programs reached 8.89 million North Koreans. Healthcare programs focusing on women and children have been implemented in 56 cities. Red Cross Society of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea The Red Cross Society of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK RCS; ) is the national Red Cross Society of North