query: Where was the first atomic bomb detonated?

title: The Atomic City

text: The Atomic City The Atomic City is a 1952 thriller film directed by Jerry Hopper, starring Gene Barry and Lydia Clarke. The story takes place at Los Alamos, New Mexico, where a nuclear physicist (Barry) lives and works. Terrorists kidnap his son and demand that the physicist turn over the H-bomb formula. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Writing (Story and Screenplay), Sydney Boehm being the nominee. Frank and Martha Addison live in Los Alamos, where he does top-secret work as a physicist. They have a young son, Tommy, who goes with school mates to Santa

title: J. Robert Oppenheimer

text: J. Robert Oppenheimer Julius Robert Oppenheimer (; April 22, 1904 – February 18, 1967) was an American theoretical physicist and professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. Oppenheimer was the wartime head of the Los Alamos Laboratory and is among those who are credited with being the "father of the atomic bomb" for their role in the Manhattan Project, the World War II undertaking that developed the first nuclear weapons used in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The first atomic bomb was detonated on July 16, 1945, in the Trinity test in New Mexico; Oppenheimer later

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: CIA. RDS-3 was the third Soviet atomic bomb. On October 18, 1951, the 41.2 kiloton device was detonated - a boosted weapon using a composite construction of levitated plutonium core and a uranium-235 shell. Code named "Joe 3" in the USA, this was the first Soviet air-dropped bomb test. Released at an altitude of 10 km, it detonated 400 meters above the ground. RDS-4 represented a branch of research on small tactical weapons. It was a boosted fission device using plutonium in a "levitated" core design. The first test was an air drop on August 23, 1953, yielding 28 kilotons.

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: control of the atomic bomb project by establishing a special committee to oversee the development of nuclear weapons as soon as possible. On 9 April 1946, the Council of Ministers created KB–11 ('Design Bureau-11) that worked towards mapping the first nuclear weapon design, primarily based on American approach and detonated with weapon-grade plutonium. From this point, the work on the program was carried out quickly, resulting in the first nuclear reactor near Moscow on 25 October 1946. From 1941–46, the Soviet Union's Ministry of Foreign Affairs handled the logistics of the atomic bomb project, with Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov controlling

title: The Making of the Atomic Bomb

text: general authority on early nuclear weapons history, as well as the development of modern physics in general, during the first half of the 20th century. Nobel Laureate I. I. Rabi, one of the prime participants in the dawn of the atomic age, called it "an epic worthy of Milton. No where else have I seen the whole story put down with such elegance and gusto and in such revealing detail and simple language which carries the reader through wonderful and profound scientific discoveries and their application." The Making of the Atomic Bomb The Making of the Atomic Bomb is a

title: Trinity: A Graphic History of the First Atomic Bomb

text: Trinity: A Graphic History of the First Atomic Bomb Trinity: A Graphic History of the First Atomic Bomb is the debut graphic novel written and illustrated by Jonathan Fetter-Vorm. It provides an account of the Manhattan Project and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, as well as mentioning the chain of events after. The title arises from the code-name, Trinity, given to the test site for the first nuclear weapon. The book is written as a "work of history", although Fetter-Vorm writes at the end of the book "for the most part, the dialog from the principal characters in

text: calling the book "exemplary". One reviewer, however, writing for "Publishers Weekly", found the text confusing to follow and derided the marketing, along with book itself, because of "flat illustrations, heavy use of captions, and stiff, static panels of talking heads". Trinity: A Graphic History of the First Atomic Bomb Trinity: A Graphic History of the First Atomic Bomb is the debut graphic novel written and illustrated by Jonathan Fetter-Vorm. It provides an account of the Manhattan Project and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, as well as mentioning the chain of events after. The title arises from the code-name,

title: Miss Atomic Bomb

text: and official video was released over one month later, on December 11. The video was directed by Warren Fu, who had directed "Battle Born"'s first single, "Runaways". Part live action and part animation, "Miss Atomic Bomb" has been dubbed "the epic companion to Mr. Brightside", and the video continues the love triangle depicted in the 2004 hit "Mr. Brightside" music video. "Miss Atomic Bomb" sees actress Izabella Miko and actor Eric Roberts reprise their roles from the "Mr. Brightside" video. As "Miss Atomic Bomb" is considered to be a companion to "Mr. Brightside", the premise of the music video is

title: Atomic bomb literature

text: Atomic bomb literature There are several generations of atomic bomb writers. The first, made up of actual survivors of the bombings, who wrote of their own experiences, includes Yōko Ōta, Tamiki Hara, Shinoe Shoda, and Sadako Kurihara. The second, who wrote about the bomb in order to invoke the wider social and political issues it raises, includes Yoshie Hotta, Momo Iida, Kenzaburō Ōe, Masuji Ibuse, Ineko Sata. The third, whose writing looks to the future in a post-nuclear world, includes Kōbō Abe, Makoto Oda, and Mitsuharu Inoue. Perhaps the best known work of atomic bomb literature is "Black Rain" by

title: Atomic bomb literature

text: Masuji Ibuse. Works by non-Japanese authors that could also be deemed as atomic bomb literature include John Hersey's "Hiroshima". Atomic bomb literature There are several generations of atomic bomb writers. The first, made up of actual survivors of the bombings, who wrote of their own experiences, includes Yōko Ōta, Tamiki Hara, Shinoe Shoda, and Sadako Kurihara. The second, who wrote about the bomb in order to invoke the wider social and political issues it raises, includes Yoshie Hotta, Momo Iida, Kenzaburō Ōe, Masuji Ibuse, Ineko Sata. The third, whose writing looks to the future in a post-nuclear world, includes Kōbō

title: The Atomic Kid

text: Blake Edwards. Rooney's character "Blix" Waterberry wanders into an atomic test site, and, as one reviewer describes, "Mannequins are depicted sitting around the dinner table in front of their plastic meal, awaiting the predetermined bomb drop ... Rooney remains with the mannequin family and discovers at the last minute that an atomic bomb will be detonated over his head. In a deliberately humorous scene, Rooney frantically tries to find a place to hide from the approaching explosion, only to close his eyes and stick his fingers in his ears as the bomb goes off." Nurse Audrey Nelson (Elaine Devry), who

title: The Making of the Atomic Bomb

text: The Making of the Atomic Bomb The Making of the Atomic Bomb is a contemporary history book written by the American journalist and historian Richard Rhodes, first published by Simon & Schuster in 1987. It won the Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction, the National Book Award for Nonfiction, and a National Book Critics Circle Award. The narrative covers people and events from early 20th century discoveries leading to the science of nuclear fission, through the Manhattan Project and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Praised both by historians and former Los Alamos weapon scientists, the book is considered a

title: Agathe (atomic test)

text: Agathe (atomic test) Agathe (aka Agate) was the name of the first French nuclear underground test. It was an atomic bomb detonated in the Hoggar mount (near In Ekker) of the then French Sahara desert on November 21, 1961, during the Algerian War (1954–62). Agathe was the first test of the jewel designation series running from 1961 until 1966. Minor and major incidents occurred during these experiments, the most important being the Beryl incident on May 1, 1962, where the nine militarymen of the "621ème Groupe d'Armes Spéciales" unit were heavily contaminated (600 mSv) as portrayed in the 2006 docudrama

title: Atomic Bomb (album)

text: as lead singer. All tracks by Rico Blanco, except where noted. Other Atomic Bomb (album) Atomic Bomb is the third studio album from the Filipino rock band, Rivermaya. It has 16 tracks and was released by BMG Records (Pilipinas) Inc. on 31 January 1997. It was reported that the album had gone gold before it hit the stores on January 31. Basing on initial orders from Metro Manila record bars, BMG shipped out 25,000 cassettes. Major record bars on malls reported they were out of stock after a few days. In the Philippines, an album must sell 20,000 copies to

title: Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum

text: bomb was dropped, the devastation produced by the bomb, and the history of nuclear arms development. The Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum covers the history of the bombing of Nagasaki, Japan. It portrays scenes of World War II, the dropping of the atomic bomb, the reconstruction of Nagasaki, and present day. Additionally, the museum exhibits the history of nuclear weapons development. The atomic bomb was developed by scientists working under the Manhattan Project. The project was granted funding on December 6, 1941, with American leaders aiming for a new invention that would serve as a wartime weapon. The decision to drop

title: Miss Atomic Bomb

text: Miss Atomic Bomb "Miss Atomic Bomb" is a song from American rock band The Killers. The track was sent to mainstream radio on October 23, 2012 as the second single taken from the band's fourth studio album, "Battle Born". It topped the "Rolling Stone" Readers' Poll for The Best Song of 2012. It has been remixed by The Chainsmokers. The band released two music videos for "Miss Atomic Bomb", with a tour video directed by Giorgio Testi released on November 2, which captures footage of the band performing in the UK while on their Battle Born World Tour. The second,

title: Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum

text: an atomic bomb on Japan had been made by 1943, and a shortlist of candidate target cities was in place in 1945. At the time, it was argued that an atomic bombing would bring about a more rapid end to the war. Hiroshima, the first target, was selected to show the power of America's new weapon. The second bombing, of Nagasaki, was intended to demonstrate that the USA had a large arsenal. At 11:02 A.M. local time on August 9, 1945, the atomic bomb, nicknamed Fat Man as its code name by Robert Serber in the United States (after Sydney

title: TJ Kong and the Atomic Bomb

text: TJ Kong and the Atomic Bomb TJ Kong and the Atomic Bomb is an American rock band from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. TJ Kong and the Atomic Bomb was founded by songwriter Dan Bruskewicz and drummer Dan Martino in March 2008, after the pair began working at the same restaurant in central Philadelphia. At that time, Martino (formerly of punk band Our Time) ran a house show venue in Philadelphia called The Blue Room, which was the group's initial practice and performance space. The band's name references the film "Dr. Strangelove", and was initially used by Bruskewicz as a moniker for his

title: TJ Kong and the Atomic Bomb

text: 2017. Bruskewicz cites Patti Smith, Talking Heads, and Bob Dylan as major influences. The band has hosted an annual Halloween weekend concert series called the "Rock 'n Roll Murdershow" in Philadelphia since 2010. The eighth installment of the series was given in 2017. TJ Kong and the Atomic Bomb TJ Kong and the Atomic Bomb is an American rock band from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. TJ Kong and the Atomic Bomb was founded by songwriter Dan Bruskewicz and drummer Dan Martino in March 2008, after the pair began working at the same restaurant in central Philadelphia. At that time, Martino (formerly of

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: the Soviet atomic project was first and foremost a product of local expertise and scientific talent, it is clear that espionage efforts contributed to the project in various ways and most certainly shortened the time needed to develop the atomic bomb. Comparing the timelines of H-bomb development, some researchers came to the conclusion that the Soviets had a gap in access to classified information regarding the H-bomb at least between late 1950 and some time in 1953. Earlier, e.g., in 1948, Fuchs gave the Soviets a detailed update of the classical super progress, including an idea to use lithium, but

title: Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission

text: Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission The Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission (ABCC) was a commission established in 1946 in accordance with a presidential directive from Harry S. Truman to the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council to conduct investigations of the late effects of radiation among the atomic-bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. As it was erected purely for scientific research and study, not as a provider of medical care and also because it was heavily supported by the United States, the ABCC was generally mistrusted by most survivors and Japanese alike. It operated for nearly thirty years before its dissolution in

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: Soviet atomic bomb project The Soviet atomic bomb project (Russian: Советский проект атомной бомбы, "Sovetskiy proyekt atomnoy bomby") was the classified research and development program that was authorized by Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union to develop nuclear weapons during World War II. Although the Soviet scientific community discussed the possibility of an atomic bomb throughout the 1930s, going as far as making a concrete proposal to develop such a weapon in 1940, the full-scale program was initiated during World War II. Because of the conspicuous silence of the scientific publications on the subject of nuclear fission by German, American,

title: Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission

text: 1975. The Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission (ABCC) was formed after the United States attack on Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and August 9, 1945. The ABCC originally began as the Joint Commission The ABCC set out to obtain first-hand technical information and make a report to let people know the opportunities for a long-term study of atomic bomb casualties. In 1946, Lewis Weed, head of the National Research Council, called together a group of scientists who agreed that a "detailed and long-range study of the biological and medical effects upon the human being" was "of the utmost importance to

title: Survival Under Atomic Attack

text: Survival Under Atomic Attack Survival Under Atomic Attack was the title of an official United States government booklet released by the Executive Office of the President, the National Security Resources Board (document 130), and the Civil Defense Office. Released at the onset of the Cold War era, the pamphlet was in line with rising fears that the Soviet Union would launch a nuclear attack against the United States, and outlined what to do in the event of an atomic attack. Published in 1950 by the Government Printing Office, one year after the Soviet Union detonated their first atomic bomb, the

title: Hiroshima National Peace Memorial Hall for the Atomic Bomb Victims

text: Hiroshima National Peace Memorial Hall for the Atomic Bomb Victims Hiroshima National Peace Memorial Hall for the Atomic Bomb Victims is one of the National Memorial Halls in Hiroshima, Japan. The Hall was founded by the Japanese national government to mourn the atomic bomb victims in 2002. It was designed by Kenzo Tange. There is another National Peace Memorial Hall for the Atomic Bomb Victims in Nagasaki built for the same purpose. The Hall is in Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park near Hiroshima Peace Memorial across the "Motoyasu River" by "Motoyasu Bridge". The Hall curators are collecting atomic bomb memories and

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: was performed with the torpedo on September 21, 1955. The first Soviet test of a "true" hydrogen bomb in the megaton range was conducted on November 22, 1955. It was dubbed "RDS-37" by the Soviets. It was of the multi-staged, radiation implosion thermonuclear design called "Sakharov's "Third Idea"" in the USSR and the Teller-Ulam design in the USA. Joe 1, Joe 4, and RDS-37 were all tested at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in Kazakhstan. The Tsar Bomba (Царь-бомба) was the largest, most powerful thermonuclear weapon ever detonated. It was a three-stage hydrogen bomb with a yield of about 50 megatons.

title: Atomic Bomb (album)

text: Atomic Bomb (album) Atomic Bomb is the third studio album from the Filipino rock band, Rivermaya. It has 16 tracks and was released by BMG Records (Pilipinas) Inc. on 31 January 1997. It was reported that the album had gone gold before it hit the stores on January 31. Basing on initial orders from Metro Manila record bars, BMG shipped out 25,000 cassettes. Major record bars on malls reported they were out of stock after a few days. In the Philippines, an album must sell 20,000 copies to be certified gold. This is the last Rivermaya album with Bamboo Mañalac

title: Mark 21 nuclear bomb

text: Mark 21 nuclear bomb The Mark 21 nuclear bomb was a United States nuclear gravity bomb first produced in 1955. It was based on the TX-21 "Shrimp" prototype that had been detonated during the Castle Bravo test in March 1954. While most of the Operation Castle tests were intended to evaluate weapons intended for immediate stockpile, or which were already available for use as part of the Emergency Capability Program, Castle Bravo was intended to test a design which would drastically reduce the size and costs of the first generation of air-droppable atomic weapons (the Mk 14, Mk 17 &

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: between pure fission bombs and the thermonuclear "supers." Due to the three-year lag in making the key breakthrough of radiation compression from the United States the Soviet Union's development efforts followed a different course of action. In the United States they decided to skip the single-stage fusion bomb and make a two-stage fusion bomb as their main effort. Unlike the Soviet Union, the analog RDS-7 advanced fission bomb was not further developed, and instead, the single-stage 400-kiloton RDS-6S was the Soviet's bomb of choice. The RDS-6S Layer Cake design was detonated on 12 August 1953, producing a yield of 400

title: Miss Atomic Bomb

text: the New Year's countdown ends, the young woman rushes out onto her balcony in excitement, only to see Flowers on the floor and the man walking away bitterly, leaving her in confusion. The last shots of the music video show the letter disintegrating and the elderly man looking at a faded photo of the young woman on his shelf. Miss Atomic Bomb "Miss Atomic Bomb" is a song from American rock band The Killers. The track was sent to mainstream radio on October 23, 2012 as the second single taken from the band's fourth studio album, "Battle Born". It topped

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: theory, alongside Isaak Pomeranchuk. Despite early and accelerated efforts, it was reported by historians that efforts on building a bomb using weapon-grade uranium seemed hopeless to Russian scientists. Igor Kurchatov had harboured doubts working towards the uranium bomb, made progress on a bomb using weapon-grade plutonium after British data was provided by the NKVD. The situation dramatically changed when the Soviet Union learned of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, which eventually led to the unilateral surrender of Japan to the United States, ending the war in Asia. Immediately after the atomic bombing, the Soviet Politburo took

text: stories from the survivors to mourn the victims, as the survivors are aging. They are also collecting names and photographs of atomic bomb victims for the same purpose and for the same reason. From the collection, they are developing a project to "read the stories of the atomic bombing". Admission is free of charge. Hiroshima National Peace Memorial Hall for the Atomic Bomb Victims Hiroshima National Peace Memorial Hall for the Atomic Bomb Victims is one of the National Memorial Halls in Hiroshima, Japan. The Hall was founded by the Japanese national government to mourn the atomic bomb victims in

text: mentions history of warfare weapons, up to the new atomic bomb. Eventually, Truman authorizes the bombing of Hiroshima. The crew from Enola Gay is seen on their way to the skies over Hiroshima, and then drop the bomb. The book describes in detail what happens: "The effect was like this: The heat and the light hit before the sound. Now, in a world without sight or sound, a wave of air traveling at more than 800 miles per hour sweeps outwards in all directions. In its wake comes the earth-trembling roar of the atmosphere aflame. The blast is so hot

title: Agathe (atomic test)

text: "Vive La Bombe!". The French Defence Minister Pierre Messmer and other officials and civilians were present in the command post and were contaminated too (around >200 mSv). The millisievert (mSv) is commonly used to measure the effective dose in diagnostic medical procedures. See radiation poisoning for a more complete analysis of effects of various dosage levels. Data provided by the French Defense Ministry on January 2007. Agathe (atomic test) Agathe (aka Agate) was the name of the first French nuclear underground test. It was an atomic bomb detonated in the Hoggar mount (near In Ekker) of the then French Sahara

title: Atomic Bomb! Band

text: were dismissed as excessive by the music industry in the mid 1970s. The work therefore bridges that gap and presents a new, or rather resuscitated, path forwards in an industry which is looking for direction. Atomic Bomb! Band The Atomic Bomb! Band are a touring supergroup who play the music of Nigerian funk musician William Onyeabor. The core group is music director Ahmed Gallab and his band Sinkane (composed of Jason Trammell on drums, Ish Montgomery on bass and Jonny Lam on guitar), Alexis Taylor (of Hot Chip), Pat Mahoney (of LCD Soundsystem), Money Mark (of the Beastie Boys) Lekan

title: Atomic Bomb! Band

text: Atomic Bomb! Band The Atomic Bomb! Band are a touring supergroup who play the music of Nigerian funk musician William Onyeabor. The core group is music director Ahmed Gallab and his band Sinkane (composed of Jason Trammell on drums, Ish Montgomery on bass and Jonny Lam on guitar), Alexis Taylor (of Hot Chip), Pat Mahoney (of LCD Soundsystem), Money Mark (of the Beastie Boys) Lekan Babalola and Jas Walton (of Antibalas). The group has also featured special guests including David Byrne (of Talking Heads), Damon Albarn (of Blur), the Lijadu Sisters, Pharoah Sanders, Jamie Lidell, Joshua Redman, Kele Okereke (of

title: Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum

text: Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum The is in the city of Nagasaki, Japan. The museum is a remembrance to the atomic bombing of Nagasaki by the United States of America 9 August 1945 at 11:02:35 am. Next to the museum is the Nagasaki National Peace Memorial Hall for the Atomic Bomb Victims, built in 2003. The bombing marked a new era in war, making Nagasaki a symbolic location for a memorial. The counterpart in Hiroshima is the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum. These locations symbolize the nuclear age, remind visitors of the vast destruction and indiscriminate death caused by nuclear weapons, and

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: research programs. In April 1942, Flyorov directed two classified letters to Stalin, warning him of the consequences of the development of atomic weapons: "...the results will be so overriding [that] it won't be necessary to determine who is to blame for the fact that this work has been neglected in our country." The second letter, by Flyorov and Konstantin Petrzhak, highly emphasized the importance of a "uranium bomb": "it is essential to manufacture a uranium bomb without a delay." Upon reading the Flyorov letters, Stalin immediately pulled Russian physicists from their respective military services and authorized an atomic bomb project,

title: Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission

text: collected Despite their efforts, trust in the ABCC was declining, so the ABCC became the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF), and with the new name and administrative organization, funding for the research on survivors was to be provided equally by the United States and Japan. The RERF was established on 1 April 1975. A binational organization run by both the United States and Japan, the RERF is still in operation today. Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission The Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission (ABCC) was a commission established in 1946 in accordance with a presidential directive from Harry S. Truman to the National

title: How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb

text: How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb is the 11th studio album by Irish rock band U2. It was released on 22 November 2004 on Island Records and Interscope Records. Much like their previous album, "All That You Can't Leave Behind", "How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb" exhibits a more mainstream rock sound after the band experimented with alternative rock and dance music in the 1990s. The album was produced by Steve Lillywhite, with additional production from Chris Thomas, Jacknife Lee, Nellee Hooper, Flood, Daniel Lanois, Brian Eno, and Carl Glanville. Looking for a more

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: cash from other countries in exchange for taking their radioactive byproducts of nuclear industry. Although the bill stipulates that the revenue go towards decontaminating other test sites such as Semipalatinsk and the Kona Peninsula, experts doubt whether this will actually happen given the current political and economic climate in Russia. Soviet atomic bomb project The Soviet atomic bomb project (Russian: Советский проект атомной бомбы, "Sovetskiy proyekt atomnoy bomby") was the classified research and development program that was authorized by Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union to develop nuclear weapons during World War II. Although the Soviet scientific community discussed the

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: December 1954. Technical specifications for the new bomb were completed on 3 February 1955, and it was designated the RDS-37. The RDS-37 was successfully tested on 22 November 1955 with a yield of 1.6 megaton. The yield was almost a hundred times greater than the first Soviet atomic bomb six years before, showing that the Soviet Union could compete with the United States. The single largest problem during the early Soviet project was the procurement of uranium ore, as the USSR had limited domestic sources at the beginning of the project. The era of domestic uranium mining can be dated

title: Atomic tourism

text: China planned to build a tourist destination at its first atomic test site, the Malan Base at Lop Nur in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. The novel "O-Zone", by Paul Theroux, involves a group of wealthy New York tourists who enter and party in a post-nuclear disaster zone in the Ozarks. Atomic tourism Atomic tourism is a relatively new type of tourism in which visitors learn about the Atomic Age by traveling to significant sites in atomic history such as museums with atomic weapons, vehicles that carried atomic weapons or sites where atomic weapons were detonated. In the United States,

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: kilotons, about ten times more powerful than any previous Soviet test. Around this time the United States detonated its first super using radiation compression on 1 November 1952, code-named Mike. Though the Mike was about twenty times greater than the RDS-6S, it was not a design that was practical to use, unlike the RDS-6S. Following the successful launching of the RDS-6S, Sakharov proposed an upgraded version called RDS-6SD. This bomb was proved to be faulty, and it was neither built nor tested. The Soviet team had been working on the RDS-6T concept, but it also proved to be a dead

title: Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum

text: in such a way that the audience can see just what effect the bomb had on the city, the reconstruction, and the lasting effects of the atomic bomb. The museum opens with a room dedicated to the city as it was just before the bomb decimated Nagasaki. A clock which stopped at 11:02, the precise time the bomb hit the city, is also on display to demonstrate how so many people were killed in an instant. In the next section, visitors enter a room which shows Nagasaki just after the bombings. Included in this room is a water tank with

title: How to Photograph an Atomic Bomb

text: A traveling exhibit based on the book was purchased by the Atomic Testing Museum and put on display in 2007. In 2010, "The New York Times" featured a 23-image slideshow on its website with photos taken from the book accompanied by an audio recording of George Yoshitake, then one of the few surviving cameramen. How to Photograph an Atomic Bomb How to Photograph an Atomic Bomb is a book written by Peter Kuran and published in 2006 by VCE. It documents the stories of the men who photographed US nuclear weapons tests between 1945–1963 and the techniques they used to

title: How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb

text: but this is our first rock album." Thematically, the record touches on life, death, love, war, faith, and family. "How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb" received favourable reviews and reached number one in 30 countries, including the US, where first-week sales of 840,000 copies nearly doubled the band's previous personal best. The album and its singles won all nine Grammy Awards for which they were nominated (U2 themselves were awarded eight out of the nine). The album also was the fourth-highest-selling album of 2004, with over 10 million copies sold, and it yielded several successful singles in "Vertigo", "City of

title: Doctor Atomic

text: of July 16, 1945 (the day of the test). During the second act, time frequently slows down for the characters and then snaps back into reality. The opera ends in the final, prolonged moment before the bomb is detonated. Although the original commission for the opera suggested that U.S. physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer, the "father of the atomic bomb," be fashioned as a 20th-century Doctor Faustus, Adams and Sellars deliberately attempted to avoid this characterization. Alice Goodman worked for two years with Adams on the project before leaving, objecting to the characterization of Edward Teller, as dictated by the original

title: RDS-37

text: quickly attempted to catch up. Although the Soviet Union had detonated their RDS-6 around that same time, the RDS-6 was detonated via high powered explosives while Ivy Mike was detonated via radiation method. The Soviets then abandoned their layered cake method and focused on a two-stage bomb method. The hydrogen bomb primarily has 2 units, an atomic bomb, which was the primary unit and a secondary energy unit. The first stage of the hydrogen bomb resembled the layer cake type design, except the main difference is that the explosion is carried out by an atomic device, rather than a conventional

title: Nagasaki National Peace Memorial Hall for the Atomic Bomb Victims

text: Nagasaki National Peace Memorial Hall for the Atomic Bomb Victims The is a commemorative monument in Nagasaki, Japan, situated next to its Atomic Bomb Museum. The Peace Park is nearby. Like its counterpart in Hiroshima, the hall was constructed as a place to remember and pray for those killed by the 1945 atomic bombing, with photos, and memoirs and personal accounts of the event. It also offers information on international co-operation and exchange activities concerning medical treatment for sufferers of nuclear accidents. Designed by architect Akira Kuryu, the memorial was constructed between November 2000 and December 2002. The subterranean interior

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: (including those now in Kazakhstan). The uranium for the Soviet nuclear weapons program came from mine production in the following countries, RDS-1, the first Soviet atomic test was internally code-named "First Lightning" ("Первая молния", or Pervaya Molniya) August 29, 1949, and was code-named by the Americans as "Joe 1". The design was very similar to the first US "Fat Man" plutonium bomb, using a TNT/hexogen implosion lens design. On September 24, 1951, the 38.3 kiloton device RDS-2 was tested based on a tritium "boosted" uranium implosion device with a levitated core. This test was code named "Joe 2" by the

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: espionage did help Soviet studies, the early American H-bomb concepts had substantial flaws, so it may have confused, rather than assisted, the Soviet effort for a nuclear bomb. The designers of early thermonuclear bombs envisioned using an atomic bomb as a trigger to provide the needed heat and compression to initiate the thermonuclear reaction in a layer of liquid deuterium between the fissile material and the surrounding chemical high explosive. The group would realize that a lack of sufficient heat and compression of the deuterium would result in an insignificant fusion of the deuterium fuel. Andrei Sakharov's study group at

title: How to Photograph an Atomic Bomb

text: How to Photograph an Atomic Bomb How to Photograph an Atomic Bomb is a book written by Peter Kuran and published in 2006 by VCE. It documents the stories of the men who photographed US nuclear weapons tests between 1945–1963 and the techniques they used to capture nuclear blasts on film. The book contains 250 photos and 12 technical diagrams, some of which were previously classified. Research on the book began while Kuran was working as an animator for "Star Wars". He was able to interview and collect material from photographers who witnessed the blasts, whom he calls unrecognized patriots.

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: the direction of the program. However, Molotov proved to be a weak administrator, and the program stagnated. In contrast to American military administration in their atomic bomb project, the Russians' program was directed by political dignitaries such as Molotov, Lavrentiy Beria, Georgii Malenkov, and Mikhail Pervukhin — there were no military members. After the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the program's leadership changed, when Stalin appointed Lavrentiy Beria on 22 August 1945. Beria is noted for leadership that helped the program to its final implementation. The new Committee, under Beria, retained Georgii Malenkov and added Nikolai Voznesensky and Boris

title: Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum

text: Though some materials are double-cased, display techniques generally are not tailored in any special way for the preservation of these materials. When the museum initially opened in 1966 there was criticism of the re-interpretation of Japanese history. Furthermore, the museum was considered highly political, as it presented only one side of the story and did not promote the concept of peace. Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum The is in the city of Nagasaki, Japan. The museum is a remembrance to the atomic bombing of Nagasaki by the United States of America 9 August 1945 at 11:02:35 am. Next to the museum

title: Atomic tourism

text: Atomic tourism Atomic tourism is a relatively new type of tourism in which visitors learn about the Atomic Age by traveling to significant sites in atomic history such as museums with atomic weapons, vehicles that carried atomic weapons or sites where atomic weapons were detonated. In the United States, the Center for Land Use Interpretation has conducted tours of the Nevada Test Site, Trinity Site, Hanford Site, and other historical atomic age sites, to explore the cultural significance of these Cold War nuclear zones. The book "Overlook: Exploring the Internal Fringes of America" describes the purpose of this tourism as

text: across the surface of the water, symbolizing the victims. The foundation also tours internationally, holding anti-nuclear displays in cities around the world. The 2005 exhibition was held at the Peace Museum in Chicago, coinciding with the 60th anniversary of the bombing as well as a conference in New York which reviewed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. In 2007, the exhibition was held in Guernica, Spain, which was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe in April 1937. Nagasaki National Peace Memorial Hall for the Atomic Bomb Victims The is a commemorative monument in Nagasaki, Japan, situated next to its Atomic Bomb Museum. The

title: Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum

text: glass, burnt clothing, a lunchbox with its contents still charred inside of it, and a helmet with the remains of a victim’s skull on the inner surface. Section B shows damage caused by the radiation, damages caused by the blast, appeals of the atomic bomb survivors, and the rescue and relief activities which were carried out. After viewing the city scene, museum visitors are invited to think about issues related to war and nuclear non-proliferation. This section of the museum contains the political sections entitled "The Road to the Atomic Bombing" and "The War between China and Japan and the

title: Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum

text: Pacific War". It is there that the experience of militarism in Japan and the demands of war are juxtaposed with arguments for the end of nuclear weapons. Visitors are presented with facts on modern nuclear weapons alongside facts related to victims of the atomic bombing. It is a call for peace and an end of the nuclear age. The final room in the museum contains videos and documents related to the Nagasaki bombing. Visitors can also find answers to their questions and documents like Nagasaki’s Peace Declaration. The museum exhibits objects that were exposed to radiation from the atomic bomb.

title: Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum

text: inside the Urakami Cathedral. At the time of the bombing, dozens of people were inside the Cathedral for confession. This section also exhibits a timeline of events which shows a course of events that occurred prior to the bomb being dropped in Nagasaki. Leaflets which American forces dropped on Japan during the early part of 1945 are on display. One gives information on the bombing of Hiroshima and the power of the atomic bomb, warning citizens to leave the city and stop fighting. Also included are melted bottles, the bones of a human hand stuck to a clump of melted

title: The Atomic Kid

text: marries "Blix" at the end, is the only female character in the film's opening credits and promotional posters, where she is billed as "Elaine Davis". At the time "The Atomic Kid" was being filmed, Devry/Davis was married to Mickey Rooney in real life. The Atomic Kid The Atomic Kid is a 1954 American black-and-white science fiction comedy film from Republic Pictures, produced by Maurice Duke and Mickey Rooney, directed by Leslie H. Martinson, that stars Mickey Rooney and Robert Strauss. While uranium prospector "Blix" Waterberry is in the desert, he wanders into an active atomic bomb test site and is

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: Russian scientists, and their American counterparts, that such reaction could have military significance. The discovery excited the Russian physicists, and they began conducting their independent investigations on nuclear fission, mainly aiming towards power generation, as many were skeptical of possibility of creating an atomic bomb anytime soon. Early efforts were led by Yakov Frenkel (a physicist specialised on condensed matter), who did the first theoretical calculations on continuum mechanics directly relating the kinematics of binding energy in fission process in 1940. Georgy Flyorov's and Lev Rusinov's collaborative work on thermal reactions concluded that 3-1 neutrons were emitted per fission only

title: Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

text: 400 bombs. The American monopoly on nuclear weapons lasted only four years before the Soviet Union detonated an atomic bomb in September 1949. The United States responded with the development of the hydrogen bomb, a nuclear weapon a thousand times as powerful as the bombs that devastated Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Such ordinary fission bombs would henceforth be regarded as small tactical nuclear weapons. By 1986, the United States would have 23,317 nuclear weapons, while the Soviet Union had 40,159. By 2017, nine nations had nuclear weapons, but Japan was not one of them. Japan reluctantly signed the Treaty on the

title: The Nude Bomb

text: called "PITS" in this film, an acronym standing for "Provisional Intelligence Tactical Service". In spite of the title, the film was given a PG rating because there was no frontal nudity in the film; in the opening theme sequence, a title card reads: "Would you believe... a film called "The Nude Bomb" would get a "PG" rating". (The PG-13 rating was not created until 1984.) There are five times in the film where the bomb is detonated, but in each case the actors cover up their private areas with strategically placed briefcases or guns (Buckingham palace guards) or are shown

title: Atomic Heritage Foundation

text: describe their experiences at Los Alamos working on the plutonium-based bomb. The twelve-minute film shows the remains of the "V Site" where the first atomic bomb was assembled. "Nuclear Pioneers": The 28-minute documentary film on the Experimental Breeder Reactor I (EBR-I) tells the story of the first nuclear reactor built by the Atomic Energy Commission. With first-hand accounts from scientists and engineers, the film explores the challenges of creating the world's first reactor to produce usable quantities of electricity and "breed" more fuel than it consumed. Completed in 1951, the EBR-I paved the way for future generations of "peaceful" reactors

title: George Koval

text: on Japan on August 6 and 9, leading to Japan's surrender and the end of World War II. The Soviet Union responded by increasing efforts to develop its own atomic bomb. While the American Central Intelligence Agency estimated the Soviets would not succeed until 1950–53, the first Soviet atomic bomb was detonated on August 29, 1949. The initiator for the plutonium bomb was, according to Russian military officials, "prepared to the 'recipe' provided by military intelligence agent Delmar [Koval]". After World War II, Koval was discharged from the Army. He returned to New York and CCNY, where he received his

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: advancement of atomic physics at the Cavendish Laboratory run by a Kiwi physicist, Ernest Rutherford, where Georgi Gamov and Pyotr Kapitsa had studied and researched. Influential research towards the advancement of nuclear physics was guided by Abram Ioffe, who was the director at the Leningrad Physical-Technical Institute (LPTI), having sponsored various research programs at various technical schools in the Soviet Union. The discovery of the neutron by the British physicist James Chadwick further provided promising expansion of the LPTI's program, with the operation of the first cyclotron to energies of over 1 MeV, and the first "splitting" of the atomic

title: USS Geneva (APA-86)

text: of 1 July 1946 when the fourth atomic bomb to be exploded and the first ever detonated over water was to be dropped from a B-29. The attack transport survived the explosion and the huge column of water and steam that rose to and formed a mushroom-shaped cloud. "Geneva" was declared free of radioactivity the following day. She also survived `'Test Baker" 25 July. That morning at 0835 an atomic bomb suspended below LSM-60 was exploded - the first to be detonated under water. "Geneva" was in normal operation 4 days after that explosion, steaming to Kwajalein 25 August, then

title: 393d Bomb Squadron

text: atomic bomb delivery techniques. The squadron carried out two Atomic Bombing missions over Japan in August 1945, being the only squadron in the world to ever carry out and deliver nuclear weapons in combat. Dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, on 6 August 1945, and the second atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan, on 9 August 1945. Reassigned to the United States in November 1945, becoming part of Continental Air Forces (later Strategic Air Command). Deployed to Kwajalein in 1946 to carry out Operation Crossroads atomic bomb tests on Bikini Atoll in July. Began upgrading to the new Boeing

title: Atomic Bomb! Band

text: Focus, Kraftwerk and Simple Minds, while retaining the aspects of style which informed early hip-hop and rap. To a great extent Atomic Bomb! returns the style to a more instrumental band-based approach, as the use of a huge backing choir and the combination of several bands using a wider range of instruments shows, although the more folk-ethnic approach of Hi-Life in the 1950s and 60s has largely disappeared. The project has some similarities to other quasi-symphonic theme-based projects generally classified as Concept Album work in the 1970s, of the type more commonly associate with groups like Yes and Genesis, which

title: Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum

text: contorted legs which was located at Keiho Middle School, approximately 800m away from the hypocenter of the bombing. The section "Events leading up to the Nagasaki Atomic Bombiing" isolates historical events from contemporary biases. The permanent exhibition rooms display large materials exposed to the blast, as well as a replica of a sidewall of the Urakami Cathedral which was hit by the bomb. The purpose is to reproduce the state which the city was in immediately after the bombing. Photographs and facts are shown alongside artifacts left by the deceased. Additionally, the second section contains some of the rosaries found

title: How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb

text: referenced in the media and by the band themselves, but have not been released. The very earliest versions of "Love and Peace or Else" originated during the recording sessions for "All That You Can't Leave Behind". It serves as "Atomic Bomb"s "big plea for peace" song, following in the footsteps of "Sunday Bloody Sunday", "Miss Sarajevo", "Please", and "Peace on Earth". During performances on the Vertigo Tour, "Love and Peace Or Else" featured Mullen moving out to the center of the ellipse-shaped ramp, where he played a floor tom and crash cymbal for the majority of the song. Near the

title: Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission

text: themselves with the procedures of the Japanese military. They visited Hiroshima and Nagasaki to see what work was being done. They found that the Japanese had a well-organized medical group under the Japanese National Research Council, who were carrying out studies on both immediate and delayed atomic bomb damage in survivors. It’s almost impossible to get an exact figure of how many people were killed in the two bombings, because both cities had people who had evacuated since it was a time of war. Hiroshima expected bombings, since they were an important military supply center, so many people had left

title: Doctor Atomic

text: Doctor Atomic Doctor Atomic is an opera by the contemporary American composer John Adams, with libretto by Peter Sellars. It premiered at the San Francisco Opera on October 1, 2005. The work focuses on the great stress and anxiety experienced by those at Los Alamos while the test of the first atomic bomb (the "Trinity" test) was being prepared. In 2007, a documentary was made about the creation of the opera, titled "Wonders Are Many". The first act takes place about a month before the bomb is to be tested, and the second act is set in the early morning

title: Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission

text: research undertaken by the ABCC was the genetics study, which focused its study on the uncertainties surrounding the possible long-term effects of ionizing radiation in pregnant women and their unborn children. The study did not find evidence of widespread genetic damage. It did, however, find increased incidence of microcephaly and mental retardation in children most proximally exposed in utero to the bombs' radiation. The genetics project studied the effects of radiation on the survivors and their children. This project turned out to be the largest and most interactive of the ABCC programs. In 1957, Japan passed the Atomic Bomb Survivors

title: Proxy bomb

text: IRA team followed him by car to ensure that he obeyed their commands. Four minutes from the checkpoint, the IRA team armed the bomb remotely. When Gillespie reached the checkpoint, at 3:55 , he tried to get out and warn the soldiers, but the bomb detonated when he attempted to open the door. IRA bomb makers had installed a detonation device linked to the van's courtesy light, which came on whenever the van door opened. As a safeguard, the bombers also used a timing device to ensure that the bomb detonated at the right moment. Gillespie and five soldiers were

title: RDS-1

text: to be in possession of the atomic bomb, pressure mounted to develop the first hydrogen bomb. RDS-1 The RDS-1 (), also known as Izdeliye 501 (device 501) and First Lightning (), was the nuclear bomb used in the Soviet Union's first nuclear weapon test. The United States assigned it the code-name Joe-1, in reference to Joseph Stalin. It was detonated on 29 August 1949 at 7:00 a.m., at Semipalatinsk, Kazakh SSR, after top-secret research and development as part of the Soviet atomic bomb project. The weapon was designed at the Kurchatov Institute — at the time officially known as "Laboratory

title: The Atomic Kid

text: The Atomic Kid The Atomic Kid is a 1954 American black-and-white science fiction comedy film from Republic Pictures, produced by Maurice Duke and Mickey Rooney, directed by Leslie H. Martinson, that stars Mickey Rooney and Robert Strauss. While uranium prospector "Blix" Waterberry is in the desert, he wanders into an active atomic bomb test site and is accidentally exposed to radiation from a direct overhead A-bomb blast. He miraculously survives, becoming radioactive, and in the process gaining special powers. He is then recruited for his powers by the FBI to help break up a spy ring. After helping to capture

title: 509th Bomb Wing

text: had a single mission: to drop the atomic bomb. The group made history on 6 August 1945, when the B-29 Superfortress, "Enola Gay," piloted by Col Paul W. Tibbets, Jr., dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan. The B-29 "Bockscar," piloted by Maj Charles Sweeney flew over the Japanese mainland on 9 August 1945, and dropped the second atomic bomb on Nagasaki. The 509th Bomb Wing moved its people and equipment to Pease AFB, Portsmouth, NH. in August 1958. There, the wing continued to function as an integral part of SAC. By 1965, its B-47s for were scheduled for

title: Butterfly Bomb

text: cemetery" (some remote sandpits situated East of RAF Hornchurch, where explosive ordnance disposal experimental and research work took place) when it detonated. He died of shrapnel and blast injuries at Oldchurch Hospital the same day. On the island of Malta in 1981 Paul Gauci, a 41-year-old Maltese man, died after welding a butterfly bomb to a metal pipe and using it as a mallet, thinking it was a harmless can. The latest find of such a bomb was on 28 October 2009, by an 11-year-old boy in a secluded valley close to a heavily bombarded airfield. This bomb was safely

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: confiscated from the remains of the German atomic bomb project. This uranium had been mined in the Belgian Congo, and the ore in Belgium fell into the hands of the Germans after their invasion and occupation of Belgium in 1940. Further sources of uranium in the early years of the program were mines in East Germany (via the deceptively-named SAG Wismut), Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Romania (near Stei) and Poland. Boris Pregel sold 0.23 tonnes of uranium oxide to the Soviet Union during the war, with the authorisation of the U.S. Government. Eventually, large domestic sources were discovered in the Soviet Union

title: Bomb (book)

text: Bomb (book) Bomb: The Race to Build—and Steal—the World's Most Dangerous Weapon is a 2012 adolescent non-fiction book by author Steve Sheinkin. The book won the 2013 Newbery Honor and Sibert Medal from the American Library Association. This book follows the process of building the nuclear bomb by the discovery of nuclear fission by German scientist Otto Hahn in December 17, 1938. The book traces the origin and development of the first atomic bomb. It follows the development of the atomic bomb from the discovery of nuclear fission through the Nazi heavy water manufacture to the Manhattan Project and the

text: showed a higher prevalence of anxiety and somatization symptoms. Perhaps as many as 200 people from Hiroshima sought refuge in Nagasaki. The 2006 documentary "Twice Survived: The Doubly Atomic Bombed of Hiroshima and Nagasaki" documented 165 "nijū hibakusha (lit. double explosion-affected people)", nine of whom claimed to be in the blast zone in both cities. On March 24, 2009, the Japanese government officially recognized Tsutomu Yamaguchi as a double "hibakusha". He was confirmed to be from ground zero in Hiroshima on a business trip when the bomb was detonated. He was seriously burnt on his left side and spent the

title: Atomic engineering

text: engineering. The atomic character could be the atomic spin (e.g. in Nuclear magnetic resonance and quantum computing applications), atomic position (e.g. Optical lattice), atomic mass (e.g. atomic power), etc. The creation of the atomic bomb by Julius Robert Oppenheimer, the "Father of the atomic bomb", is based on atomic engineering. Oppenheimer was a university professor and physicist at the University of California, Berkeley. Richard Feynman, in his famous 1959 lecture "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" on the trend of miniaturization, envisioned: Most practices of nanotechnology and materials science today have foci distinct from Feynman's ultimate vision of manipulating

title: Debate over the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

text: would not only result in "an ultimate collapse and obliteration of the Japanese nation, but also it would lead to the total extinction of human civilization". Commenting on the use of the atomic bomb, then-U.S. Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson stated, "The atomic bomb was more than a weapon of terrible destruction; it was a psychological weapon." In 1959, Mitsuo Fuchida, the pilot who led the first wave in the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, met with General Paul Tibbets, who piloted the "Enola Gay" that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, and told him that: Some historians see

title: Blue Danube (nuclear weapon)

text: Blue Danube (nuclear weapon) Blue Danube was the first operational British nuclear weapon. It also went by a variety of other names, including Smallboy, the Mk.1 Atom Bomb, Special Bomb and OR.1001, a reference to the Operational Requirement it was built to fill. The RAF V bomber force was initially meant to use Blue Danube as their primary armament at a time when the first hydrogen bomb had not been detonated, and the British military planners still believed that an atomic war could be fought and won using atomic bombs of similar yield to the Hiroshima bomb. For that reason

title: How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb

text: hard-hitting sound than that of their previous album, U2 began recording "How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb" in February 2003 with Thomas. After nine months of work, the band had an album's worth of material ready for release, but they were not satisfied with the results. The group subsequently enlisted Lillywhite to take over as producer in Dublin in January 2004. Lillywhite, along with his assistant Lee, spent six months with the band reworking songs and encouraging better performances. U2 lead singer Bono described the album as "our first rock album. It's taken us twenty years or whatever it is,

title: Soviet atomic bomb project

text: end. In 1954, Sakharov worked on a third concept, a two-stage thermonuclear bomb. The third idea used the radiation wave of a fission bomb, not simply heat and compression, to ignite the fusion reaction, and paralleled the discovery made by Ulam and Teller. Unlike the RDS-6S boosted bomb, which placed the fusion fuel inside the primary A-bomb trigger, the thermonuclear super placed the fusion fuel in a secondary structure a small distance from the A-bomb trigger, where it was compressed and ignited by the A-bomb's x-ray radiation. The KB-11 Scientific-Technical Council approved plans to proceed with the design on 24

title: The Great and Secret Show

text: Jo-Beth and Tommy Ray as they float through Quiddity and reach the Ephemeris where they find that the Iad Uroboros are crossing Quiddity towards Earth. Palomo Grove starts to collapse and the entire town is sealed off by the authorities. Tesla recalls a word Kissoon had brought up, "Trinity", which is the place where the first atomic bomb was detonated. Kissoon, now occupying Raul's body arrives, but Jaffe is able to distract him as Tesla transports the vortex to Quiddity into Kissoon's time loop. Howard, Jo-Beth and Tommy Ray, completely transformed from their experience in Quiddity arrive from the vortex.

title: Nuclear arms race

text: test as a "peaceful nuclear explosion", but according to independent sources, it was actually part of an accelerated covert nuclear program of India. This test generated great concern and doubts in Pakistan, with fear it would be at the mercy of its long–time arch rival. Pakistan had its own covert atomic bomb projects in 1972 which extended over many years since the first Indian weapon was detonated. After the 1974 test, Pakistan's atomic bomb program picked up a great speed and accelerated its atomic project to successfully build its own atomic weapons program. In the last few decades of the

title: Atomic Age

text: Atomic Age The Atomic Age, also known as the Atomic Era, is the period of history following the detonation of the first nuclear ("atomic") bomb, "Trinity", on July 16, 1945, during World War II. Although nuclear chain reactions had been hypothesized in 1933 and the first artificial self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction (Chicago Pile-1) had taken place in December 1942, the Trinity test and the ensuing bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki that ended World War II represented the first large-scale use of nuclear technology and ushered in profound changes in sociopolitical thinking and the course of technology development. While atomic power

title: M47 bomb

text: M47 bomb The M47 bomb was a chemical bomb designed during World War II for use by the U.S. Army Air Forces. The bomb was designed for aerial bombardment and maximum efficiency after being dropped. Therefore, the bomb had a very thin metal sheet as its only cover, as little as . The bomb is approximately in diameter, with a nose the shape of a hemisphere. The M107 bomb fuse at the nose of the bomb detonated the weapon, allowing for the release of the contents inside. The bomb is designed to carry either white phosphorus (WP) or a mustard

title: The Atomic Cafe

text: of the media and public. Though the topic of atomic holocaust is a grave matter, "The Atomic Cafe" approaches it with black humor. Much of the humor derives from the modern audience's reaction to the old training films, such as the "Duck and Cover" film shown in schools. A quote to illustrate what can be perceived as black humor, culled from the movie: "Viewed from a safe distance, the atomic bomb is one of the most beautiful sights ever seen by man," a U.S. Army training film declares. "The Atomic Cafe" was released at the height of nostalgia and cynicism

title: The Atomic Cafe

text: in America. By 1982, Americans lost much of their faith in their government following the Vietnam War, the Watergate scandal, and the seemingly never-ending arms race with the Soviet Union. "The Atomic Cafe" reflects and reinforces this idea as it exposes how the atomic bomb's dangers were downplayed (President Truman calls the atomic bomb a gift from God) and how the government used films to shape public opinion. "The Atomic Cafe" was also released during the Reagan Administration's forced civil defense revival. Barry Posen and Stephen Van Evera explain this revival in their article "Defense Policy and the Reagan Administration:

title: Neutron bomb

text: was subsequently postponed by President Jimmy Carter in 1978 following protests against his administration's plans to deploy neutron warheads to ground forces in Europe. On November 17, 1978, in a test the USSR detonated its first similar-type bomb. President Ronald Reagan restarted production in 1981. The Soviet Union renewed a propaganda campaign against the US's neutron bomb in 1981 following Reagan's announcement. In 1983 Reagan then announced the Strategic Defense Initiative, which surpassed neutron bomb production in ambition and vision and with that, neutron bombs quickly faded from the center of the public's attention. Three types of enhanced radiation weapons

title: Nuclear weapons and the United Kingdom

text: the year. During Operation Hurricane, an atomic bomb was detonated on board the frigate anchored in a lagoon in the Monte Bello Islands in Western Australia on 3 October 1952. Britain thereby became the third country to develop and test nuclear weapons. This led to the development of the first deployed weapon, the Blue Danube free-fall bomb. It had a diameter, 32 explosive lens implosion system with a levitated pit suspended within a natural uranium tamper. The warhead was contained within a bomb casing measuring diameter and long, and it weighed approximately , of which about was high explosive. The

title: Harry S. Truman

text: and his policy of rollback in Korea failed. The Soviet Union's atomic bomb project progressed much faster than had been expected and they detonated their first bomb on August 29, 1949. In response, on January 7, 1953, Truman announced the detonation of the first U.S. hydrogen bomb, which was much more powerful than the Soviet Union's atomic weapons. On June 25, 1950, the North Korean army under Kim Il-sung invaded South Korea, starting the Korean War. In the early weeks of the war, the North Koreans easily pushed back their southern counterparts. Truman called for a naval blockade of Korea,

title: Britain, Australia and the Bomb

text: Britain, Australia and the Bomb Britain, Australia and the Bomb: the Nuclear Tests and Their Aftermath is a 2006 book by Lorna Arnold and Mark Smith. It is the second edition of an official history first published in 1987 by HMSO under another title: "A Very Special Relationship: British Atomic Weapons Trials in Australia". The book uses declassified material that has become available in the two decades prior to the book's publication. It covers the clean-up operations in the Maralinga Range and epidemiological studies on the health of the atomic test participants. Lorna Arnold is a Fellow of both the

text: the same time, there is not enough fuel to carry the bomb back to the US base in Tinian. As a result, the flight crew ends up dropping the bomb on Nagasaki. The book cuts out to a scene of two children on their way home from school when the bomb drops and incinerates them. One of the boys is still alive, and walking around searching for water, as the view pans out to the carnage and death that resulted from the bombing. Japan ends up surrendering. In the aftermath, the survivors begin to be afflicted by a mysterious disease,

title: Elitzur–Vaidman bomb tester

text: observed at C and the bomb doesn't explode, it can eventually be concluded that the bomb is a dud. With this process 25% of live bombs can be identified without being detonated, 50% will be detonated and 25% remain uncertain. By repeating the process with the uncertain ones, the ratio of identified non-detonated live bombs approaches 33% of the initial population of bombs. See the "Experiments" section below for a modified experiment that can identify the live bombs with a yield rate approaching 100%. The authors point out that the ability to obtain information about the bomb's functionality without ever