query: How old was Joan of Arc when she died?

title: Alternative historical interpretations of Joan of Arc

text: an explanation for how she gained the trust of Charles VII in early 1429, this hypothesis has too many other difficulties to be taken seriously. Foremost among them is that the duke of Orleans died on November 23, 1407. Isabeau of Bavaria delivered a son on November 10, 1407. The likelihood of conceiving a daughter in the interim is exceedingly small. Assuming Joan of Arc was born the following year, she would have been 23 years old at her trial in 1431. She estimated her own age at 19 and all but one of the 115 witnesses at the trial

title: Joan of Arc (Dubois)

text: Joan of Arc (Dubois) Joan of Arc is a public artwork by Paul Dubois, located at Meridian Hill Park in Washington, D.C., United States of America. "Joan of Arc" was originally surveyed as part of the Smithsonian's Save Outdoor Sculpture! survey in 1994. "Joan of Arc" is an equestrian statue, with Joan of Arc riding a trotting horse, resting upon a three-tiered granite base (H. 52 in. x W 11. ft.). Her body is twisted slightly, and her right arm is raised behind her. She is wearing a helmet with a raised visor and she looks skywards. In her left

title: Joan of Arc (1900 film)

text: film was believed lost until 1982, when a hand-colored print with the first scene missing was discovered by the collector René Charles. Joan of Arc (1900 film) Joan of Arc () is a 1900 French silent film directed by Georges Méliès, based on the life of Joan of Arc. In the village of Domrémy, the young Joan is visited by Saint Michael, Saint Catherine, and Saint Margaret, who exhort her to fight for her country. Her father Jacques d'Arc, mother Isabelle Romée, and uncle beg her to stay at home, but she leaves them and travels to Vaucouleurs, where she

title: The Trial of Joan of Arc

text: She is sentenced to life imprisonment, but when she retracts her earlier confession, the court decrees that she be burned at the stake as a witch. "The Trial of Joan of Arc" was not warmly received by critics on its original release. While it remains less acclaimed than most of Bresson's previous works, retrospective reviews are nonetheless positive. It holds a 100% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, with an average rating of 8.2/10. The film won the Special Jury Prize at the 1962 Cannes Film Festival. The Trial of Joan of Arc The Trial of Joan of Arc () is a

title: Joan of Arc, They Are Calling You

text: War I, it was common for French soldiers to carry an image of Joan of Arc when going into battle. Although she was not canonized a saint until 1920, Joan of Arc represented the devotion of the soldier who fought for France. The lyrics of the song portrays the French soldiers' calling out to Joan of Arc. The chorus reads: Joan of Arc, They Are Calling You "Joan of Arc, They Are Calling You" is a 1917 song composed by Jack Wells, and with lyrics written by Al Bryan and Willie Weston. It appeared in the contemporary musical production, "This

title: Joan of Arc

text: consider the doctrinal exceptions to that stricture. The appellate court declared her innocent on 7 July 1456. Joan of Arc became a symbol of the Catholic League during the 16th century. When Félix Dupanloup was made bishop of Orléans in 1849, he pronounced a fervid panegyric on Joan of Arc, which attracted attention in England as well as France, and he led the efforts which culminated in Joan of Arc's beatification in 1909. Joan of Arc became a semi-legendary figure for the four centuries after her death. The main sources of information about her were chronicles. Five original manuscripts of

text: of Joan of Arc. In 1819, Pierre Caze published "La Vérité sur Jeanne d’Arc", which argued that Joan of Arc was the illegitimate daughter of the Queen, Isabeau of Bavaria, and Duke Louis of Orléans. According to Caze's reasoning, the queen hid their daughter in the countryside with the d'Arc family. When Joan of Arc met the future King Charles VII she would have given him a private sign that she was his half sister. It has been theorized that the coat of arms he later granted her included a sword as a baton of bastardy. Although this would provide

title: Joan of Arc (miniseries)

text: the people together, the lord of Vaucoleurs finally gives her the tools she needs to find Charles. Joan of Arc (miniseries) Joan of Arc is a 1999 Canadian three-part television miniseries about the 15th century Catholic saint of the same name. The miniseries stars Leelee Sobieski as Saint Joan. A joint production of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and Alliance Atlantis Communications, it was shown internationally in 1999. The miniseries received thirteen Primetime Emmy Awards nominations and four Golden Globe Award nominations. The miniseries tells the story of Joan of Arc, from her birth in 1412 until her death in 1431.

title: Joan of Arc (1900 film)

text: Joan of Arc (1900 film) Joan of Arc () is a 1900 French silent film directed by Georges Méliès, based on the life of Joan of Arc. In the village of Domrémy, the young Joan is visited by Saint Michael, Saint Catherine, and Saint Margaret, who exhort her to fight for her country. Her father Jacques d'Arc, mother Isabelle Romée, and uncle beg her to stay at home, but she leaves them and travels to Vaucouleurs, where she meets with the governor, Captain Robert de Baudricourt. The dissipated Baudricourt initially scorns Joan's ideals, but her zeal eventually wins him over,

title: Canonization of Joan of Arc

text: Canonization of Joan of Arc Joan of Arc (1412–1431) was formally canonized as a saint of the Roman Catholic Church on 16 May 1920 by Pope Benedict XV in his bull "Divina Disponente", which concluded the canonization process that the Sacred Congregation of Rites instigated after a petition of 1869 of the French Catholic hierarchy. Although pro-English clergy had Joan burnt at the stake for heresy in 1431, she was rehabilitated in 1456 after a posthumous retrial. Subsequently, she became a folk saint among French Catholics and soldiers inspired by her story of being commanded by God to fight for

title: Joan of Arc (1948 film)

text: real Joan of Arc; the Swedish actress would later play her (at age 39) in a 1954 Italian film, "Giovanna d'Arco al rogo" ("Joan at the Stake"). However, reviewers in 1948 did not object to this; it was — and still is — common in for an older actress to play a teenager, as the twenty-four-year-old Jennifer Jones had in 1943's "The Song of Bernadette", for which she won a Best Actress Oscar. Children were also sometimes played by older actors at the time; the sixteen-year-old Judy Garland had very convincingly played twelve-year-old Dorothy Gale in the 1939 film classic

title: Canonization of Joan of Arc

text: sought in "Dissertation on the Three Parts of Henry VI" (1787) to prove Shakespeare had no hand in its authorship (1974; p. 587). Charles Lamb chided Samuel Taylor Coleridge for reducing Joan to "a pot girl" in the first drafts of "The Destiny of Nations", initially part of Robert Southey's "Joan of Arc". She was the subject of essays by Lord Mahon for "The Quarterly Review", and by Thomas De Quincey for "Tait's". In 1890, the Joan of Arc Church was dedicated to her. As Joan found her way further into popular culture, the Government of France commissioned Emmanuel Frémiet

title: Joan of Arc (Leonard Cohen song)

text: Joan of Arc (Leonard Cohen song) "Joan of Arc" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen. It was released as a single in March 1971 from his third album, "Songs of Love and Hate". The song lasts almost six-and-a-half minutes, and is composed of four stanzas of eight lines each with a "la-la" refrain. The song is constructed mainly as a dialogue between Joan of Arc and the fire which is consuming her as she burns at the stake, after having been found guilty of heresy (in 1431). In the song, Joan says that she is "tired of the

title: Joan of Arc (miniseries)

text: Joan of Arc (miniseries) Joan of Arc is a 1999 Canadian three-part television miniseries about the 15th century Catholic saint of the same name. The miniseries stars Leelee Sobieski as Saint Joan. A joint production of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and Alliance Atlantis Communications, it was shown internationally in 1999. The miniseries received thirteen Primetime Emmy Awards nominations and four Golden Globe Award nominations. The miniseries tells the story of Joan of Arc, from her birth in 1412 until her death in 1431. Joan of Arc is born in 1412 in the village of Domrémy in the war zone of

title: The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc

text: The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc () is a 1999 French epic historical drama film directed by Luc Besson. The film stars Milla Jovovich, John Malkovich, Faye Dunaway and Dustin Hoffman. The screenplay was written by Besson and Andrew Birkin, and the original music score was composed by Éric Serra. "The Messenger" portrays the story of St. Joan of Arc, the French war heroine and religious martyr of the 15th century. The story begins with young Joan as she witnesses the atrocities of the English against her family, and she

title: Joan of Arc (band)

text: Joan of Arc (band) Joan of Arc is an American indie rock band from Chicago, Illinois named after the French saint Joan of Arc. They formed in 1995, following the breakup of Cap'n Jazz. Singer Tim Kinsella has been the only permanent member of the group; he has also recorded as a solo artist. Joan of Arc are known for their use of electronics, samples, and multi-track recording in their songs; some songs on "The Gap" contained over 100 tracks. Joan of Arc's lyrics and cover art are often intentionally misleading, humorous, or confusing. For example, the album "Live in

title: Joan of Arc (Portland, Oregon)

text: Joan of Arc (Portland, Oregon) Joan of Arc, also known as Joan of Arc, Maiden of Orleans, is an outdoor copy of Emmanuel Frémiet's equestrian statue "Jeanne d'Arc" (1874), installed in Portland, Oregon's Laurelhurst neighborhood, in the United States. The bronze sculpture, which depicts Joan of Arc, was donated to the city by Henry Waldo Coe, who saw Frémiet's original statue in Paris. Portland's copy arrived from France in 1924 and was dedicated on Memorial Day in 1925 in honor of the Doughboys of World War I. "Joan of Arc" is an outdoor equestrian statue installed in Coe Circle, at

title: Joan of Arc

text: the party's publications, and uses a tricolor flame partly symbolic of her martyrdom as its emblem. This party's opponents sometimes satirize its appropriation of her image. The French civic , set in 1920, is the second Sunday of May. World War I songs include "Joan of Arc, They Are Calling You", and "Joan of Arc's Answer Song". Joan of Arc's religious visions have remained an ongoing topic of interest. She identified Saint Margaret, Saint Catherine, and Saint Michael as the sources of her revelations, although there is some ambiguity as to which of several identically named saints she intended. Analysis

title: Joan of Arc (band)

text: Chicago 1999" is not a live album, but a reference to the fact that the band lived in Chicago in the year 1999. Members of Joan of Arc have been in many other bands including Friend/Enemy with Califone's Tim Rutili; American Football with Kinsella's brother Mike; Owls, a Cap'n Jazz reunion; Ghosts and Vodka; Everyoned, Love of Everything, Aitis Music, Hydrofoil and Make Believe. Joan of Arc began as a band named Red Blue Yellow. They broke up after their first show, threw away all of their old material, and started afresh with new songs and a new name. Three

title: The Joan of Arc of Loos

text: The Joan of Arc of Loos The Joan of Arc of Loos is a 1916 Australian silent film shot by Franklyn Barrett based on the true story of Émilienne Moreau-Evrard in World War I. Only a portion of the movie survives today. The story is told in five acts. In 1915, German troops led by Captain von Epstein capture the peaceful town of Loos and start committing atrocities on the local population. Von Epstein lusts after a young peasant girl, Émilienne Moreau (Jane King), but she escapes to the Allied lines. Inspired by the vision of Joan of Arc (Jean

title: The Trial of Joan of Arc

text: The Trial of Joan of Arc The Trial of Joan of Arc () is a 1962 French historical film directed by Robert Bresson. Joan of Arc is played by Florence Delay. As with Bresson's most renowned films, "The Trial of Joan of Arc" stars non-professional performers and is filmed in an extremely spare, restrained style. Bresson's screenplay is drawn from the transcriptions of Joan's trial and rehabilitation. Bresson's "Joan of Arc" is often compared with "The Passion of Joan of Arc" (1928) by Carl Theodor Dreyer. Bresson compared that film unfavorably with his own, expressing his dislike of the actors'

title: Cultural depictions of Joan of Arc

text: 500 images and other items related to Joan of Arc. The story of Joan of Arc was a popular subject for dramatization in the 1940s. In addition to Maxwell Anderson's play "Joan of Lorraine" and the Ingrid Bergman film "Joan of Arc", there was also the 1948 RKO film "The Miracle of the Bells" starring Fred MacMurray, Alida Valli, and Frank Sinatra, about a dying film actress whose first and last role is Joan of Arc. There were also three radio dramatizations of the story of Joan during those years, one of them specifically written with a World War II

title: Joan of Arc

text: burned. Joan was illiterate and it is believed that her letters were dictated by her to scribes and she signed her letters with the help of others. At her trial, Joan stated that she was about 19 years old, which implies she thought she was born around 1412. She later testified that she experienced her first vision in 1425 at the age of 13, when she was in her "father's garden" and saw visions of figures she identified as Saint Michael, Saint Catherine, and Saint Margaret, who told her to drive out the English and bring the Dauphin to Reims

title: St. Joan of Arc Chapel

text: it was reconstructed for Gertrude Hill Gavin, the new owner, by John Russell Pope. There it was attached to a French Renaissance chateau. Although the chateau burned down in 1962, the chapel was not damaged. After Gavin died, her estate passed to Marc B. Rojtman and his wife, who decided to present the chapel to Marquette University in 1964. The transfer of the chapel took more than nine months, and another eight months passed before reconstruction began. Lucien David and Earnest Bonnamy planned the second reconstruction. St. Joan of Arc Chapel St. Joan of Arc Chapel is a Roman Catholic

title: Joan of Arc (band)

text: Burg, etc.") and set the story in Chicago (instead of London), posting the revision on 1984.com for a limited time. Current contributors Past contributors Past contributors continued Studio albums Live albums EPs 7"/Singles/Splits Joan of Arc (band) Joan of Arc is an American indie rock band from Chicago, Illinois named after the French saint Joan of Arc. They formed in 1995, following the breakup of Cap'n Jazz. Singer Tim Kinsella has been the only permanent member of the group; he has also recorded as a solo artist. Joan of Arc are known for their use of electronics, samples, and multi-track

title: The Passion of Joan of Arc

text: The Passion of Joan of Arc The Passion of Joan of Arc () is a 1928 silent French historical film based on the actual record of the trial of Joan of Arc. The film was directed by Carl Theodor Dreyer and stars Renée Jeanne Falconetti as Joan. It is widely regarded as a landmark of cinema, especially for its production, Dreyer's direction and Falconetti's performance, which is often listed as one of the finest in cinema history. The film summarizes the time that Joan of Arc was a captive of England, depicting her trial and execution. Danish film director Dreyer

title: The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc

text: it." The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc () is a 1999 French epic historical drama film directed by Luc Besson. The film stars Milla Jovovich, John Malkovich, Faye Dunaway and Dustin Hoffman. The screenplay was written by Besson and Andrew Birkin, and the original music score was composed by Éric Serra. "The Messenger" portrays the story of St. Joan of Arc, the French war heroine and religious martyr of the 15th century. The story begins with young Joan as she witnesses the atrocities of the English against her family, and

title: Joan of Arc (Leonard Cohen song)

text: her 2012 album "". Irish singer, Pauline Scanlon covers it on her 2016 album Gossamer. Joan of Arc (Leonard Cohen song) "Joan of Arc" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen. It was released as a single in March 1971 from his third album, "Songs of Love and Hate". The song lasts almost six-and-a-half minutes, and is composed of four stanzas of eight lines each with a "la-la" refrain. The song is constructed mainly as a dialogue between Joan of Arc and the fire which is consuming her as she burns at the stake, after having been found guilty

title: Joan of Arc (Portland, Oregon)

text: the City of Portland. It was made from the original molds of Frémiet's statue, which Coe saw on a visit to France. Portland's statue arrived from France in 1924 and was dedicated on Memorial Day, May 30, 1925, honoring the Doughboys of World War I. Joan of Arc (Portland, Oregon) Joan of Arc, also known as Joan of Arc, Maiden of Orleans, is an outdoor copy of Emmanuel Frémiet's equestrian statue "Jeanne d'Arc" (1874), installed in Portland, Oregon's Laurelhurst neighborhood, in the United States. The bronze sculpture, which depicts Joan of Arc, was donated to the city by Henry Waldo

title: The Joan of Arc of Loos

text: not a success at the box office and reviews were poor. Critics took particular exception to the story being old fashioned and suggesting the Battle of Loos was won by divine intervention rather than skill. However Jean Robertson received positive notices for her performance as the angel. The Joan of Arc of Loos The Joan of Arc of Loos is a 1916 Australian silent film shot by Franklyn Barrett based on the true story of Émilienne Moreau-Evrard in World War I. Only a portion of the movie survives today. The story is told in five acts. In 1915, German troops

title: Joan of Arc (album)

text: independent label Table of the Elements. Conrad originally recorded the piece in 1968 for the soundtrack to Piero Heliczar's 11 minute short film "Joan of Arc". However, he was not aware of the length of the film, so he played continuously for the length of an entire reel-to-reel tape in the hope that it would be enough for Heliczar. Joan of Arc (album) Joan of Arc is a 2006 album by mimimalist composer Tony Conrad. The piece, which lasts unbroken for over an hour, was originally written by Conrad as a soundtrack to accompany Piero Heliczer's short film of the

title: Church of St Joan of Arc

text: Church of St Joan of Arc The Church of Saint Joan of Arc (French: "L'église Sainte-Jeanne-d'Arc") is a Catholic church in the city center of Rouen, northern France. The church of Saint Joan of Arc was completed in 1979 in the center of the ancient market square known as the Place du Vieux-Marché. This is the place where Joan of Arc was burned at the stake for heresy in 1431. A small garden, Le Bouchet, which is outside and to the north of the church marks the exact spot. The modern church Sainte-Jeanne d'Arc and the adjacent market halls were

title: Church of St Joan of Arc

text: and stored in a safe location during the war. They were then incorporated into the Church of Saint Joan of Arc. The 13 window panels depict Christ's childhood, Passion, Crucifixion and Resurrection, and life events of St.Peter, St. Anne and Saint Anthony of Padua: Church of St Joan of Arc The Church of Saint Joan of Arc (French: "L'église Sainte-Jeanne-d'Arc") is a Catholic church in the city center of Rouen, northern France. The church of Saint Joan of Arc was completed in 1979 in the center of the ancient market square known as the Place du Vieux-Marché. This is the

title: Saint Joan of Arc (Sackville-West)

text: author of a book about Joan, has stated that the book is "dead wrong". And yet, as a whole, Ms. Sackville-West's treatment of her subject shows a great deal of sympathy and respect. In fact, even her harshest critics generally qualify the book as being one of the most readable treatments of the Joan of Arc story, as the author was a professional and successful novelist. Saint Joan of Arc (Sackville-West) Saint Joan of Arc is a biography of Joan of Arc by Vita Sackville-West first published in New York and London in 1936. The Grove Press (New York City)

title: St Joan of Arc Catholic School, Rickmansworth

text: St Joan of Arc Catholic School, Rickmansworth Saint Joan of Arc Roman Catholic School is a Roman Catholic secondary school and sixth form with academy status, located in Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire, England. The catchment area for the school spreads over South West Hertfordshire, parts of Buckinghamshire and parts of North West London. St Joan of Arc School for Girls was instigated by an order of French nuns, the Filles de Jesus, in 1904 with just five pupils. The school continued to grow in size and reputation through the early years of the 20th Century until 1951 when it was granted grammar

title: The Passion of Joan of Arc

text: Albinoni and Vivaldi, of which he disapproved; he appears not to have encountered a score which he considered definitive. Since Dreyer's death and the rediscovery of the original print, numerous composers have provided music for the film. The Passion of Joan of Arc The Passion of Joan of Arc () is a 1928 silent French historical film based on the actual record of the trial of Joan of Arc. The film was directed by Carl Theodor Dreyer and stars Renée Jeanne Falconetti as Joan. It is widely regarded as a landmark of cinema, especially for its production, Dreyer's direction and

title: Joan of Arc

text: Cauchon declared her guilty she was burned at the stake on 30 May 1431, dying at about nineteen years of age. In 1456, an inquisitorial court authorized by Pope Callixtus III examined the trial, debunked the charges against her, pronounced her innocent, and declared her a martyr. In the 16th century she became a symbol of the Catholic League, and in 1803 she was declared a national symbol of France by the decision of Napoleon Bonaparte. She was beatified in 1909 and canonized in 1920. Joan of Arc is one of the nine secondary patron saints of France, along with

title: St. Joan of Arc Chapel

text: St. Joan of Arc Chapel St. Joan of Arc Chapel is a Roman Catholic chapel today located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, on the campus of Marquette University, in the Archdiocese of Milwaukee. It was dedicated to St. Joan of Arc on 26 May 1966, after it had been moved from its previous location on Long Island, New York, United States. It was originally built in the Rhône River Valley in France. Originally named "Chapelle de St. Martin de Seyssuel", the chapel was built over several generations in the French village of Chasse-sur-Rhône, south of Lyon. It is estimated that

title: Cultural depictions of Joan of Arc

text: all subsequent Western hair fashions are designed for women who cut their hair at least occasionally. Such haircut is still known in French as "coupe à la Jeanne d'Arc" (Joan of Arc's haircut). During the Cristero War in 1927, a group of female Cristeros named themselves after Joan of Arc. They obtained money, supplies, and intelligence for the male combatants. They often smuggled weapons into war zones and cared for the wounded. By the end of the war they had 35,000 participants. Several people have been seen as modern versions of Joan of Arc: Cultural depictions of Joan of Arc

title: Canonization of Joan of Arc

text: country as well as the fact that the Traditional Catholic movement is strongest there. This movement within the church, which includes those few orders and societies which refused to accept the changes made by the Second Vatican Council, has compared the 1988 excommunication of Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre (one of the founders of the Society of Saint Pius X) to Joan of Arc's excommunication by a corrupt pro-English bishop in 1431. Canonization of Joan of Arc Joan of Arc (1412–1431) was formally canonized as a saint of the Roman Catholic Church on 16 May 1920 by Pope Benedict XV in his

title: Joan of Arc (1948 film)

text: Joan of Arc (1948 film) Joan of Arc is a 1948 American hagiographic epic film directed by Victor Fleming, and starring Ingrid Bergman as the French religious icon and war heroine. It was produced by Walter Wanger. It is based on Maxwell Anderson's successful Broadway play "Joan of Lorraine", which also starred Bergman, and was adapted for the screen by Anderson himself, in collaboration with Andrew Solt. It is the only film of an Anderson play for which the author himself wrote the film script (at least partially). Unlike the play "Joan of Lorraine", which is a drama that shows

title: Joan of Arc (1935 film)

text: Joan of Arc (1935 film) Joan of Arc (German:Das Mädchen Johanna) is a 1935 German historical film directed by Gustav Ucicky and starring Angela Salloker, Gustaf Gründgens and Heinrich George. It depicts the life of Joan of Arc, and is the first female embodiment of the Nazi Fuhrer figure in film. The press in Germany and abroad detected direct parallels between the presentation of France in 1429 and the situation in Germany in 1935. Writing for "The Spectator" in 1935, Graham Greene criticized the film for historical inaccuracies (like Joan's rescue of Charles VII at Orléans rather than meeting at

title: Cultural depictions of Joan of Arc

text: the nineteenth century, and Verdi's and Tchaikovsky's operatic adaptations are still recorded and performed. Most of the others survive only in research libraries. As another example, in 1894, Émile Huet listed over 400 plays and musical works about Joan of Arc. Despite a great deal of scholarly interest in Joan of Arc no complete list of artistic works about her exists, although a 1989 doctoral dissertation did identify all relevant films including ones for which no copy survives. Portrayals of Joan of Arc are numerous. For example, in 1979 the "Bibliothèque Municipale" in Rouen, France displayed a gallery containing over

title: Joan of Arc (1948 film)

text: the tale. The actual story of Joan then begins, from the time she becomes convinced that she has been divinely called to save France to her being burnt at the stake at the hands of the English and the Burgundians. At Domrémy, Joan's Birthplace in Lorraine, December 1428 At Vaucouleurs, February 1429 The Court of Charles VII at Chinon, March 1429 The Army at the Battle of Orléans, May 1429 The Enemy The Trial at Rouen, February 21 to May 30, 1431 "Joan of Arc" was made in 1947–1948 by an independent company, Sierra Pictures, created especially for this production,

title: Joan of Arc (Dubois)

text: Fine Art it was described, at the time, as being "regarded by artists as the finest equestrian statue of modern times." Henry Bacon wrote that "Dubois's statue of Jeanne D'Arc is one of the fine things of the world and no setting is too good for it." It is the only equestrian statue of a woman in Washington, D.C. On the 500th anniversary of Joan's martyrdom, Paul Claudel, Ambassador of France, held a tribute to the Saint. The sculpture was surveyed for condition in 1994 and was described as needing treatment. Joan of Arc (Dubois) Joan of Arc is a

title: Joan of Arc

text: her condemnation trial surfaced in old archives during the 19th century. Soon, historians also located the complete records of her rehabilitation trial, which contained sworn testimony from 115 witnesses, and the original French notes for the Latin condemnation trial transcript. Various contemporary letters also emerged, three of which carry the signature "Jehanne" in the unsteady hand of a person learning to write. This unusual wealth of primary source material is one reason DeVries declares, "No person of the Middle Ages, male or female, has been the subject of more study." Joan of Arc came from an obscure village and rose

title: The Passion of Joan of Arc

text: Joan for the film, and the script was based on the original transcripts of Joan's trial and execution, condensing 29 interrogations over the course of 18 months into one scene. The transcripts of the trial had been published in 1921 by editor Pierre Champion and were the main basis of Dreyer's script. The rights to Joseph Delteil's 1925 book on Joan of Arc were also purchased for the production, but nothing from Delteil's book was used in the finished film. However, at the film's premiere Delteil was partially credited as a source. Joan of Arc was Renée Jeanne Falconetti's second

title: Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc

text: Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc, by the Sieur Louis de Conte is an 1896 novel by Mark Twain that recounts the life of Joan of Arc. It is Twain's last completed novel, published when he was 61 years old. The novel is presented as a translation (by "Jean Francois Alden") of memoirs by Louis de Conte, a fictionalized version of Louis de Contes, Joan of Arc's page. The novel is divided into three sections according to Joan of Arc's development: a youth in Domrémy, a commander of the army of Charles VII of

title: Saint Joan of Arc (Sackville-West)

text: these sleepovers which Sackville-West claims is "curious" - as if it implies something less common - but without explaining why. Here again is an indirect implication of lesbian activity but without presenting any direct evidence. Joan of Arc was also occasionally bunked with girls such as the nine-year-old child Charlotte Boucher and other girls or women. But the eyewitnesses who mention such situations specify that Joan of Arc was chaste rather than sexually active, therefore any theory proposing a lesbian context to their statements would need to explain how they could be describing lesbian sex while simultaneously saying that Joan

title: Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc

text: edition by Oxford University Press, expresses befuddlement at this work's placement in Twain's oeuvre: “By the time Twain's writing "Recollections", he’s not a believer. He is anti-Catholic, and he doesn’t like the French. So he writes a book about a French-Catholic-martyr? Ostensibly, it doesn’t make a lot of sense.” Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc, by the Sieur Louis de Conte is an 1896 novel by Mark Twain that recounts the life of Joan of Arc. It is Twain's last completed novel, published when he was 61 years old. The novel is presented as

title: Joan of Arc (Madonna song)

text: her admiration for Joan, her conviction as well as her commitment. She also confessed that the lyrics elaborated how the singer is still hurt by any negative words. The song received generally favorable reviews from music critics. Joey Lynch of "Billboard" compared the song's demo to the studio versions, claiming that "The studio version of 'Joan of Arc' is a massive improvement on the illegally leaked demo that preceded news of the album itself. [...] Nowhere is this more apparent than on 'Joan of Arc,' a solid album track that sounds 10 times better than the leaked version." While reviewing

title: Joan of Arc

text: of Arc is actually a myth. Joan of Arc Joan of Arc (; ; 6 January – 30 May 1431), nicknamed "The Maid of Orléans" (), is considered a heroine of France for her role during the Lancastrian phase of the Hundred Years' War, and was canonized as a Roman Catholic saint. She was born to Jacques d'Arc and Isabelle Romée, a peasant family, at Domrémy in north-east France. Joan claimed to have received visions of the Archangel Michael, Saint Margaret, and Saint Catherine of Alexandria instructing her to support Charles VII and recover France from English domination late in

title: Joan of Arc

text: left the United Kingdom. The purchasers appealed, including to Elizabeth II and the ring was allowed to remain in France. The ring was reportedly first passed to Cardinal Henry Beaufort, who attended Joan's trial and execution in 1431. The standard accounts of the life of Joan of Arc have been challenged by revisionist authors. Claims include: that Joan of Arc was not actually burned at the stake; that she was secretly the half sister of King Charles VII; that she was not a true Christian but a member of a pagan cult; and that most of the story of Joan

title: Trial of Joan of Arc

text: those who had relapsed – that is, those who having once adjured their errors returned to them – could be condemned to death by a tribunal of the Inquisition and delivered for death." On May 30, 1431, Joan of Arc was burned at the stake at the Old Marketplace in Rouen. Trial of Joan of Arc The trial of Joan of Arc, which was overseen by an English-backed church court at Rouen, Normandy in the first half of 1431, was one of the more famous trials in history, becoming the subject of many books and films. It culminated in the

title: Name of Joan of Arc

text: did not necessarily follow modern patterns. Joan of Arc testified at her trial that the local custom in her native region was for girls to use their mothers' surname. Joan's mother was known both as "Isabelle Romée" and "Isabelle de Vouthon". No surviving record from Joan's lifetime shows that she used either her mother's or her father's surname, but she often referred to herself as "la Pucelle", which roughly translates as "the Maiden". Prior to the mid-nineteenth century, when "Jeanne d'Arc" and "Joan of Arc" became standard, literature and artistic works that refer to her often describe her as "la

title: Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc

text: Joan of Arc's life, with heavy praise ("the character of Joan of Arc ... occupies the loftiest possible to human attainment"). The "Peculiarity" note explains that Joan of Arc's life is preserved in court documents and that the particulars are provided by Louis de Conte, who, the translator assures us, is reliable. The foreword is Sieur de Conte's writing from 1492 (Joan of Arc died in 1431) about his intimate relation to Joan of Arc: "I was with her from the beginning until the end" Book One begins with the birth of de Conte on January 6, 1410 in Neufchâteau,

title: The Tale of Joan of Arc

text: Pizan: Here ends a most beautiful poem written by Christine". The lyrical verse written by Christine de Pizan, "The Tale of Joan of Arc", was completed on July 31, 1429. The story is credited as the only academic written work about Joan of Arc that was written during her lifetime. Christine de Pizan was a professional writer in the court of King Charles VI of France. Pizan is said to have died before Joan was captured. Joan of Arc led the French army in May 1429 to end a siege in Orleans and was victorious because within a day the

title: Joan of Arc

text: Joan of Arc Joan of Arc (; ; 6 January – 30 May 1431), nicknamed "The Maid of Orléans" (), is considered a heroine of France for her role during the Lancastrian phase of the Hundred Years' War, and was canonized as a Roman Catholic saint. She was born to Jacques d'Arc and Isabelle Romée, a peasant family, at Domrémy in north-east France. Joan claimed to have received visions of the Archangel Michael, Saint Margaret, and Saint Catherine of Alexandria instructing her to support Charles VII and recover France from English domination late in the Hundred Years' War. The uncrowned

title: Trial of Joan of Arc

text: Trial of Joan of Arc The trial of Joan of Arc, which was overseen by an English-backed church court at Rouen, Normandy in the first half of 1431, was one of the more famous trials in history, becoming the subject of many books and films. It culminated in the execution of the person known to history as Joan of Arc, the young French peasant girl who was the defendant in the case. The trial verdict was later reversed on appeal by Jean Bréhal, the Inquisitor-General in 1456, thereby completely exonerating her. Considered a French national heroine, she was declared a

title: Name of Joan of Arc

text: Pucelle" or "the Maid of Orléans". Her native village has been renamed "Domrémy-la-Pucelle" in reflection of that tradition. Joan appears, in a negative light, in William Shakespeare's late sixteenth-century play "Henry VI, Part 1". In the play she is referred to mainly as "Joan La Pucelle" and "Joan", but also twice as "Joan of Arc". "Now, the worshipful reason of modern France for disturbing the old received spelling, is–that Jean Hordal, a descendant of La Pucelle's brother, spelled the name Darc, in 1612. But what of that? Beside the chances that M. Hordal might be a gigantic blockhead, it is

title: Joan of Arc (poem)

text: and religion began to change, and this is reflected in the changes of "Joan of Arc" for the second edition. Joan was originally a character that had a natural understanding of religion that was connected to a Socinian form of Christianity. She, as a child, was ignorant of Church and of theology except what was revealed to her directly. However, this was replaced in the second edition with Joan having a more traditional form of religion that was provided to her during her youth. Regarding "Joan of Arc", William Wordsworth wrote to William Matthews, 21 March 1796, claiming: "You were

title: Name of Joan of Arc

text: toponym. As noted above, "Arc" is not a place and therefore the Latin "de Arc" is not a true toponym, but rather the Latinization of "d'Arc", despite the absence of apostrophes in French surnames during the life of St. Joan. Name of Joan of Arc Joan of Arc did not come from a place called "Arc", but was born and raised in the village of Domrémy in what was then the northeastern frontier of the Kingdom of France. In the English language her first name has been repeated as "Joan" since the fifteenth century because that was the only English

title: Joan of Arc (album)

text: Joan of Arc (album) Joan of Arc is a 2006 album by mimimalist composer Tony Conrad. The piece, which lasts unbroken for over an hour, was originally written by Conrad as a soundtrack to accompany Piero Heliczer's short film of the same name. "Joan of Arc" is something of a stylistic departure for Conrad, who is best known for his work with minimalist violin, exemplified by his most famous album "Outside the Dream Syndicate". "Joan of Arc" instead showcases Conrad's improvisational technique on the pump organ. The album is one of a series of lost-and-found minimalist recordings released by the

text: she met Charles VII. Alternative historical interpretations of Joan of Arc There are a number of revisionist theories about Joan of Arc which contradict the established account of her life. These include the theory that she was in fact guilty of the heresy for which she was condemned; that bones and other alleged relics come from her; that she escaped death at the stake and lived out her life in secret. The following interpretations are sometimes advanced to the public but have not gained significant acceptance among academic historians. For avowedly fictional representations of Joan in art, literature, and popular

text: Alternative historical interpretations of Joan of Arc There are a number of revisionist theories about Joan of Arc which contradict the established account of her life. These include the theory that she was in fact guilty of the heresy for which she was condemned; that bones and other alleged relics come from her; that she escaped death at the stake and lived out her life in secret. The following interpretations are sometimes advanced to the public but have not gained significant acceptance among academic historians. For avowedly fictional representations of Joan in art, literature, and popular culture see Cultural depictions

text: Dunois, Bertrand de Poulengy – carried out an intricate plot to disguise Joan's authentic royal parents. This thesis lacks credible documentation." Several impostors claimed to be Joan of Arc after the execution date. The most successful was Claude des Armoises. Claude des Armoises married the knight Robert des Armoises and claimed to be Joan of Arc in 1436. She gained the support of Joan of Arc's brothers. She carried on the charade until 1440, gaining gifts and subsidies. One chronicle states, "In this year there came a young girl who said she was the Maid of France and played her

title: The Tale of Joan of Arc

text: English were forced to retreat. The poetic story written by Christine de Pizan emphasizes victory. However, Joan's battle to reclaim Paris in September 1429 was unsuccessful. Joan of Arc was captured in 1430 and burned at the stake on May 30, 1432 after a series of trials by the English, through the church, about her attire and because she said that God spoke to her and that she listened. Pizan spent the last of her days at the monastery of Poissy and this is where she wrote "The Tale of Joan of Arc". During the prologue, Christine proclaims that the

title: The Tale of Joan of Arc

text: The Tale of Joan of Arc "The Tale of Joan of Arc" is a patriotic lyrical verse, and the last work of the Medieval feminist Christine de Pizan who lived from 1364 to about 1430 AD. Earlier in her career Pizan wrote many texts including"The Book of the City of Ladies" which included tales about infamous woman in history. In her last work "The Tale of Joan of Arc" Pizan writes 61 versus about Joan of Arc, who led the French army to reclaim territory being held by the English. It was written before Joan lost in battle and was

title: Retrial of Joan of Arc

text: over her name for twenty-five years. Retrial of Joan of Arc The Retrial of Joan of Arc, also known as the "nullification trial" or "rehabilitation trial", was a posthumous retrial of Joan of Arc authorized by Pope Callixtus III at the request of Inquisitor-General Jean Bréhal and Joan's mother Isabelle Romée. The purpose of the retrial was to investigate whether the trial of condemnation and its verdict had been handled justly and according to ecclesiastical law. Investigations started in 1452, and a formal appeal followed in November 1455. The inquisitor's final summary of the case in June 1456 described Joan

title: Retrial of Joan of Arc

text: Retrial of Joan of Arc The Retrial of Joan of Arc, also known as the "nullification trial" or "rehabilitation trial", was a posthumous retrial of Joan of Arc authorized by Pope Callixtus III at the request of Inquisitor-General Jean Bréhal and Joan's mother Isabelle Romée. The purpose of the retrial was to investigate whether the trial of condemnation and its verdict had been handled justly and according to ecclesiastical law. Investigations started in 1452, and a formal appeal followed in November 1455. The inquisitor's final summary of the case in June 1456 described Joan as a martyr and implicated the

title: Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc

text: lives and deaths of many of the characters, including Joan’s family and King Charles the VII. He closes with a salute to the legacy of Joan, citing her impact on the country she loved so much. Distinctly lacking the humor prevalent in his other works, this novel has a different tone and flow from Twain's other works. He had a personal fascination with Joan of Arc that began in the early 1850s when he found a leaf from her biography and asked his brother Henry if she was a real person. In his essay on "Recollections", Ted Gioia notes: "Twain

title: Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc

text: Bernard DeVoto was also critical of "Joan of Arc", calling it “mawkish”. De Voto also claims, “he (Twain) was uncomfortable in the demands of tragedy, formalizing whatever could not be sentimentalized.” American author Maxwell Geismar delivered a scathing review: “"Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc", in 1896 was Sam Clemens’ (Twain) worst book…It is difficult to find anything of interest in "Joan of Arc" – except its badness.” Leading Twain scholar Louis J. Budd said, “Although "Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc" has disgraced Twain posthumously with several levels of readers, it met general approval in 1896.” At the time

title: Joan of Arc (band)

text: Joan of Arc. For the album "Presents Guitar Duets" (Polyvinyl Records), Tim Kinsella rounded up ten former members of Joan Of Arc and others like Tim Rutili. Each was paired off with a partner by pulling names from a hat. Each pair then had to record a guitar duet together, and the styles vary from standard acoustic plucking to droning, looped soundscapes. The track-names are identified only by the faces of the pair who play on the track. In 2006 Joan of Arc released a compilation of rarities entitled "The Intelligent Design Of ..." which compiles songs from singles, splits,

title: Name of Joan of Arc

text: Name of Joan of Arc Joan of Arc did not come from a place called "Arc", but was born and raised in the village of Domrémy in what was then the northeastern frontier of the Kingdom of France. In the English language her first name has been repeated as "Joan" since the fifteenth century because that was the only English equivalent for the feminine form of "John" during her lifetime. Her surviving signatures are all spelled "Jehanne" without surname. In French her name is today always rendered as "Jeanne d'Arc", reflecting the modern spelling of her first name. The surname

title: Joan of Arc (poem)

text: fifteenth century the politics and metaphysics of an enlightened philosopher of the eighteenth; and though allegorical personages [...] but ill supply the place of that grand machinery, which produced so powerful an effect in those epic poems, which have obtained the glorious meed of immortality; we, nevertheless, admire, the noble spirit of freedom, which is evidently the poet's inspiring muse". Joan of Arc (poem) Joan of Arc is a 1796 epic poem composed by Robert Southey. The idea for the story came from a discussion between Southey and Grosvenor Bedford, when Southey realised that the story would be suitable for

title: Joan of Arc (poem)

text: Joan of Arc (poem) Joan of Arc is a 1796 epic poem composed by Robert Southey. The idea for the story came from a discussion between Southey and Grosvenor Bedford, when Southey realised that the story would be suitable for an epic. The subject further appealed to Southey because the events of the French Revolution were concurrent to the writing of the poem and would serve as a parallel to current events. Eventually, Samuel Taylor Coleridge helped rewrite parts of the poem for a 1798 edition. Later editions removed Coleridge's additions along with other changes. The poem is divided into

title: Joan of Arc (poem)

text: are mentioned. They finally arrive at Chinon where they are able to find the French court. When Joan comes to speak with Charles, the Dauphin pretends to be a common member of the court while someone else pretends to be him. Joan is able to see through the ruse and immediately proclaims that she is sent to restore the French crown to him at Rheims. Charles has her examined by priests and scholars to determine that she is free of black magic. While questioned, Joan describes how God came to her with visions and describes her faith in a similar

title: Maid of Orleans (The Waltz Joan of Arc)

text: Maid of Orleans (The Waltz Joan of Arc) "Joan of Arc (Maid of Orleans)" is a song by British band Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD) and was the third single released from their third studio album "Architecture & Morality". The track has been described by OMD frontman Andy McCluskey as the group's "Mull of Kintyre". To prevent confusion with their previous single "Joan of Arc", the song was retitled "Maid of Orleans (The Waltz Joan of Arc)" for its single release. Both songs are about the French heroine Joan of Arc and both reached the Top 5 of the

title: Joan of Acre

text: were finished, Joan was twelve years old. Gilbert de Clare became very enamored with Joan, and even though she had to marry him regardless of how she felt, he still tried to woo her. He bought her expensive gifts and clothing to try to win favor with her. The couple were married on 30 April 1290 at Westminster Abbey, and had four children together. They were: Joan's first husband, Gilbert de Clare died on 7 December 1295. Joan had been a widow for only a little over a year when she caught the eye of Ralph de Monthermer, a squire

title: Trial of Joan of Arc

text: of Joan of Arc is one of the best documented of her era. This is especially remarkable when one considers that she was not an aristocrat but rather a peasant girl. This fact is due partly to the trial record, and partly due also to the records of the later appeal of her case after the war when the trial was investigated and its verdict overturned. During the trial in 1431, a trio of notaries headed by chief notary Guillaume Manchon took notes in French which were then collated each day following the trial session. About four years later, these

title: Joan of Arc (Madonna song)

text: of "Joan of Arc", as well as the album's track list. "Joan of Arc" was written by Madonna, Toby Gad, MoZella and Symbolyc One (S1), with production being done by Madonna, Gad, AFSHeeN and Josh Cumbee. Gad was also responsible for programming, additional backing vocals and the song's instruments, which were also played by AFSHeeN, Cumbee, Stephen Kozmeniuk, Dan Warner (guitar) and Lee Levin. The track was engineered and mixed by Demacio "Demo" Castellon with Gad and Angie Teo. "Joan of Arc" is a guitar-led pop and electro-folk ballad, which starts acoustic, similar to its demo version, but having a

title: Joan of Arc (Madonna song)

text: Joan of Arc (Madonna song) "Joan of Arc" is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Madonna from her thirteenth studio album "Rebel Heart" (2015). It was written by Madonna, Toby Gad, Maureen McDonald and Larry Griffin Jr., with production being done by Madonna, Gad, AFSHeeN and Josh Cumbee. The song's demo was leaked onto the internet on December 17, 2014, with twelve other tracks from the album. Its final version was released on February 9, 2015 with two other tracks on the iTunes store. "Joan of Arc" is the eighth track on "Rebel Heart" and has similarity to

title: Joan of Arc (Madonna song)

text: "Time Out" labeled it "a sublime electro-folk ballad." Furthermore, Randall Roberts of "Los Angeles Times" considered it "the kind [of song] that can lift spirits to emotional heights." Reviewing "Rebel Heart" for "Now", journalist Kevin Ritchie named "Joan of Arc" as one of "the most ambitious and interesting [song] lyrically." Amy Pettifer of "The Quietus" pointed out that "It could be a Taylor Swift song and that's a compliment." She also analysed that the Joan of Arc metaphor is "a bit of a stretch", but it's "the sweetest and catchiest song on the album thus far." Music critic Alexis Petridis

title: Joan of Arc (band)

text: a sprawling, ambient instrumental, double-LP. Other solo & experimental work has work appearing on Joyful Noise Recordings, quickly followed including "Lightbox", "Joan of Arc Presents Joan of Arc", the self-titled album (known colloquially as the 'Elephant Man Album'), "Pinecone, Tim Kinsella Sings the Songs of Marvin Tate by Leroy Bach Featuring Angel Olsen" and other projects. Kinsella was awarded an artist residency at Joyful Noise in 2015. His residency boxed-set included: "Issues EP", "Firecracker in a Box of Mirrors LP", Joan of Arc's Greatest Hits 7", "JOA 99" LP, "Hunky Dory TK", and the book "All Over and Over". "Hunky

title: Maid of Orleans (The Waltz Joan of Arc)

text: radio presenter DJ Happy Vibes as a house track. Maid of Orleans (The Waltz Joan of Arc) "Joan of Arc (Maid of Orleans)" is a song by British band Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD) and was the third single released from their third studio album "Architecture & Morality". The track has been described by OMD frontman Andy McCluskey as the group's "Mull of Kintyre". To prevent confusion with their previous single "Joan of Arc", the song was retitled "Maid of Orleans (The Waltz Joan of Arc)" for its single release. Both songs are about the French heroine Joan of

text: role so well that many were duped by her, and especially the greatest nobles." Claude finally confessed she was a fraud after Charles VII asked her to repeat the secret which the real Joan had revealed to him when they first met at Chinon in March 1429, which Claude could not do. Some modern authors attempt to revive this claim by asserting that some other victim was substituted for Joan of Arc at the stake. The likelihood of this is extremely thin, since the trial of nullification records sworn testimony from numerous witnesses who were present at the execution and

title: Joan of Arc (Madonna song)

text: any of the previously released songs, 'Joan of Arc' also establishes one of the foundational themes of "Rebel Heart", albeit one not always evident when wading through the poorly sequenced album." Adding to the previous review, Annie Zaleski of "The A.V. Club" praised the juxtapositions in the album's lyrical content, which according to her, "make some of her most vulnerable, engaging work in years — in particular 'Joan of Arc'." Ben Kelly of "Attitude" called it "a fresh sounding pop guitar tune treading new territory for her, and which could carry serious currency as a single," while Nick Levine of

title: Wars and Warriors: Joan of Arc

text: Wars and Warriors: Joan of Arc Wars & Warriors: Joan of Arc is a historically based computer game. Developed and published by Enlight, it was released in 2004. The player assumes the persona of Joan of Arc and leads the French in their attempt to win the Hundred Years' War. The game combines aspects of real-time strategy and action. While the game has both action and strategy aspects, action predominates. Playing as Joan or one of several other French commanders, the player uses a variety of weapons to defeat enemy English soldiers. As the game progresses, the player gains combos

text: The museum makes no claims that this legend is true, but notes that the helmet dates from the right time period. Several locations associated with Joan of Arc still exist, including the house where she was born, at Domrémy-la-Pucelle. The site has been converted to a museum. The adjacent church has undergone extensive alterations since the fifteenth century but still contains a fourteenth-century statue of Saint Margaret, before which Joan of Arc probably prayed. By contrast, the royal castle at Chinon is now a ruin. Little more than the outer wall remains. One wall remains of the great hall where

title: Joan of Arc (band)

text: a poorly-received follow-up EP led to Joan Of Arc's breakup. Tim Kinsella then formed a group called Owls, a reincarnation of the original Cap'n Jazz lineup. After recording the album with Steve Albini in 2001, the departure of Mike Kinsella and Victor Villareal led to the Owls' breakup. Left without a band once again, Tim Kinsella started working on songs for a solo album. After completing the album with help from Sam Zurick and Mike Kinsella, Tim Kinsella decided that since all three had played in Joan Of Arc, it should bear the name Joan of Arc. The album, much

title: Trial of Joan of Arc

text: which he or she was compelled to provide testimony which could then be used against them in a subsequent trial. With the words "Here begin the proceedings in matters of faith against a deceased woman, Joan, commonly known as the Maid", the trial records announce the start, on January 9, 1431, of the judicial inquiry into the case of Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc as her name appears at the head of said records). The first order of business was a preliminary inquiry into Joan's character and habits. An examination as to Joan's virginity was conducted some time prior to

text: and the reason Joan inspired the ordinary soldier: According to Murray, the destruction of Joan was orchestrated by the Catholic church itself and was its first major victory against the surviving pagan cult: Murray's views have been dismissed by later scholars as pseudo-historical fantasy. One historian called her ideas "vapid balderdash". Her claims about Joan of Arc were dismissed by historians based on the extensive evidence of Joan's actual religious views, such as the letters she dictated in which she defines her faith in "King Jesus, King of Heaven and of all the earth, my rightful and sovereign Lord." and

title: Trial of Joan of Arc

text: say was against the Christian faith the Lord established, I would not uphold it but would reject it.″ With this quote it is evident that Joan believes that everything she is doing is true and pure in terms of her faith. She explains more about how she interacts with the Saints. In nearly the last session, Joan answers questions about her Saintly voices as well as wearing men's clothes. Joan explains that Saint Catherine and Saint Margaret ″love what God loves and hate what God hates.″ According to the text, Joan believed that the English would be beaten as punishment

title: Trial of Joan of Arc

text: she was about thirteen years old when they came to her for the first time. From there, the questioning turned again to Joan's childhood in Domremy, with questions about the "Ladies Tree" and the customs surrounding it. The session ended with Joan being asked whether she would wear women's clothing if such were supplied her. She replied: "Give me [a dress] and I will take it and go; otherwise, I am content with this [referring to her soldier's attire - ed.], since it pleases God that I wear it." Again Joan took a limited form of the oath and again

title: Joan of Arc (band)

text: and compilation released from the band's career up until that point. Shortly after Joan of Arc released "Eventually All at Once", which is largely acoustic, and features members that have been involved throughout the history of Joan of Arc, which was coupled with an EP entitled "Many Times I've Mistaken". This EP features two songs from Eventually All at Once but with full bands, and slightly differed arrangements, which continues to showcase the band's eclectic style. In 2007 the "Orchard Vale" soundtrack was released, which was another experimental release for the band, and is also directed by Kinsella. In 2008

title: Joan of Arc (Little Mix song)

text: Joan of Arc (Little Mix song) "Joan of Arc" is a song recorded by British girl group Little Mix, for their fifth studio album "LM5" (2018). The song was released on 2 November 2018 as the first promotional single from the album. It was written by Leigh-Anne Pinnock and Jade Thirlwall. Loosechange handled the production. Musically, it is a trap-inflected song with hip hop beats. Lyrically, it discusses female empowerment. They first teased the song on their official Instagram account in the middle of August the same year. "Joan of Arc" was written by Leigh-Anne Pinnock, Jade Thirlwall, Hanni Ibrahim,

title: Joan of Arc

text: the succession of the French throne to Henry V and his heirs instead of her son Charles. This agreement revived suspicions that the Dauphin may have been the illegitimate product of Isabeau's rumored affair with the late duke of Orléans rather than the son of King Charles VI. Henry V and Charles VI died within two months of each other in 1422, leaving an infant, Henry VI of England, the nominal monarch of both kingdoms. Henry V's brother, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, acted as regent. By the time Joan of Arc began to influence events in 1429,

title: Joan of Arc (Little Mix song)

text: that "The girls continue to fiercely proclaim their independence." Joan of Arc (Little Mix song) "Joan of Arc" is a song recorded by British girl group Little Mix, for their fifth studio album "LM5" (2018). The song was released on 2 November 2018 as the first promotional single from the album. It was written by Leigh-Anne Pinnock and Jade Thirlwall. Loosechange handled the production. Musically, it is a trap-inflected song with hip hop beats. Lyrically, it discusses female empowerment. They first teased the song on their official Instagram account in the middle of August the same year. "Joan of Arc"

title: Joan of Arc (band)

text: Joan of Arc album, Melina Ausikaitis stands in for Tim Kinsella as lead vocalist. "We were thinking of it as a [late period] Black Flag record, where Melina would sing a song, then the next song was a jam," said Kinsella, describing the structure and sequencing of the material appearing on the album. In honor of the album's release, Joyful Noise Recordings produced a version of George Orwell's dystopian novel of the same name, "Nineteen-Eighty-Four", that substituted the names of the Joan of Arc band members for all of the major characters ("Winston Smith -> Tim Kinsella, O'Brien -> Bobby

title: Joan of Arc (band)

text: Terror Sex We Trust" "Joan of Arc ... once more surpassed themselves as artists". To tour the albums in 2003, Tim Kinsella organised a new lineup including Bobby Burg, Nate Kinsella (Tim's cousin) and Sam Zurick, who would also double as his side-project Make Believe. After a live album recorded in Germany and a split EP with Bundini Brown (of Tortoise and Gastr Del Sol), the band assembled a huge team of collaborators for 2004's "Joan of Arc, Dick Cheney, Mark Twain" on Polyvinyl Records. This effort was largely well-regarded and a significant step forward for a new incarnation of