query: What does target heart rate mean?

title: Heart rate

text: resting heart rate. Some methods of measurement of exercise intensity measure percentage of heart rate reserve. Additionally, as a person increases their cardiovascular fitness, their HR will drop, and the heart rate reserve will increase. Percentage of HR is equivalent to percentage of VO reserve. This is often used to gauge exercise intensity (first used in 1957 by Karvonen). Karvonen's study findings have been questioned, due to the following: For healthy people, the "Target Heart Rate" or "Training Heart Rate" (THR) is a desired range of heart rate reached during aerobic exercise which enables one's heart and lungs to receive

title: Heart rate

text: factors in resting heart rate (HR) to calculate target heart rate (THR), using a range of 50–85% intensity: Equivalently, "Example for someone with a HR of 180 and a HR of 70 (and therefore a HR of 110):" An alternative to the Karvonen method is the "Zoladz method", which derives exercise zones by subtracting values from HR: "Example for someone with a HR of 180:" "Heart rate recovery" (HR) is the reduction in heart rate at peak exercise and the rate as measured after a cool-down period of fixed duration. A greater reduction in heart rate after exercise during the

title: Heart rate

text: among healthy people and do not necessarily require special attention. Tachycardia is defined as a resting heart rate above 100 bpm, though persistent rest rates between 80–100 bpm, mainly if they are present during sleep, may be signs of hyperthyroidism or anemia (see below). There are many ways in which the heart rate speeds up or slows down. Most involve stimulant-like endorphins and hormones being released in the brain, many of which are those that are 'forced'/'enticed' out by the ingestion and processing of drugs. This section discusses target heart rates for healthy persons and are inappropriately high for most

title: P.S.K. What Does It Mean?

text: was first used on the song "Rock 'N' Roll" which later became "You'll Be Under My Wheels". The second time they used it is from a song called "Lyrical Terrorist" which later became "Serial Thrilla", but it was soon used on the album "The Day Is My Enemy". P.S.K. What Does It Mean? "P.S.K. What Does It Mean?" (also written as "P.S.K. (What Does It Mean?)") is a song released in 1985 by Philadelphia rapper Schoolly D on his independent label Schoolly D Records. P.S.K. is the abbreviation for Park Side Killas, a street gang with which Schoolly D was

title: P.S.K. What Does It Mean?

text: P.S.K. What Does It Mean? "P.S.K. What Does It Mean?" (also written as "P.S.K. (What Does It Mean?)") is a song released in 1985 by Philadelphia rapper Schoolly D on his independent label Schoolly D Records. P.S.K. is the abbreviation for Park Side Killas, a street gang with which Schoolly D was affiliated. The highly influential song is considered the first hardcore rap song and features incidents of graphic sex, gunplay, drug references and one of the first uses of the word "nigga" in a rap song (earlier uses include "Scoopy Rap" and "Family Rap" in 1979, and "New York

title: What Does Anything Mean? Basically

text: of its icy church keyboards and delay-ridden guitars". Chris Jenkins, in the book "The Rough Guide to Rock", however, called it "as half-baked as its title". What Does Anything Mean? Basically What Does Anything Mean? Basically is the second studio album by English post-punk band the Chameleons. It was recorded in January 1985 and released 1 October 1985 by record label Statik. One single was released from the album: "Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)". "What Does Anything Mean? Basically" was recorded in January 1985 at Highland Studios in Inverness, Scotland. The album's sole single, "Singing Rule Britannia

title: What Does Anything Mean? Basically

text: What Does Anything Mean? Basically What Does Anything Mean? Basically is the second studio album by English post-punk band the Chameleons. It was recorded in January 1985 and released 1 October 1985 by record label Statik. One single was released from the album: "Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)". "What Does Anything Mean? Basically" was recorded in January 1985 at Highland Studios in Inverness, Scotland. The album's sole single, "Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)", was released on 1 August 1985. This song used uncredited Lennon-McCartney lyrics, with the final passage of the song quoting key

title: What Does Anything Mean? Basically

text: lyrics of the Beatles song "She Said, She Said". "What Does Anything Mean? Basically" was released 1 October 1985 on record label Statik. "What Does Anything Mean? Basically" has been generally well received by critics. In his retrospective review, Ned Raggett of AllMusic called it "[a] rarity of sophomore albums, something that at once made the band all the more unique in its sound while avoiding a repetition of earlier work. [...] an astounding record." "Trouser Press" called it "even better" than "Script of the Bridge", "with much stronger production underscoring both the band's direct power and the ghostly atmospherics

title: Heart rate

text: person's heart rate, as its strong pulse may interfere with the correct perception of the target pulse. The radial artery is the easiest to use to check the heart rate. However, in emergency situations the most reliable arteries to measure heart rate are carotid arteries. This is important mainly in patients with atrial fibrillation, in whom heart beats are irregular and stroke volume is largely different from one beat to another. In those beats following a shorter diastolic interval left ventricle doesn't fill properly, stroke volume is lower and pulse wave is not strong enough to be detected by palpation

title: Heart rate turbulence

text: from one heartbeat's R-wave to the next R-wave (called RR intervals) and synchronized these lists to the time of the PVC beat and averaged the values in the list. A plot of this averaged RR interval list (called a PVC tachogram) not only confirmed their observation that heart rate sped up for a few beats after a PVC, but highlighted another less obvious feature, that heart rate then slows down beyond what it was before the PVC, before returning to the original heart rate. If Schmidt et al. had stopped there, it would have been an interesting observation to be

title: Heart rate

text: Heart rate Heart rate is the speed of the heartbeat measured by the number of contractions (beats) of the heart per minute (bpm). The heart rate can vary according to the body's physical needs, including the need to absorb oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide. It is usually equal or close to the pulse measured at any peripheral point. Activities that can provoke change include physical exercise, sleep, anxiety, stress, illness, and ingestion of drugs. The American Heart Association states the normal resting adult human heart rate is 60–100 bpm. Tachycardia is a fast heart rate, defined as above 100 bpm

title: Heart rate variability

text: easier to exclude heartbeats not originating in the sinoatrial node. The term "NN" is used in place of RR to emphasize the fact that the processed beats are "normal" beats. Reduced HRV has been shown to be a predictor of mortality after myocardial infarction although others have shown that the information in HRV relevant to acute myocardial infarction survival is fully contained in the mean heart rate. A range of other outcomes/conditions may also be associated with modified (usually lower) HRV, including congestive heart failure, diabetic neuropathy, depression, post-cardiac transplant, susceptibility to SIDS and poor survival in premature babies. There

title: Heart rate

text: and cholesterol. A very slow heart rate (bradycardia) may be associated with heart block. It may also arise from autonomous nervous system impairment. Heart rate Heart rate is the speed of the heartbeat measured by the number of contractions (beats) of the heart per minute (bpm). The heart rate can vary according to the body's physical needs, including the need to absorb oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide. It is usually equal or close to the pulse measured at any peripheral point. Activities that can provoke change include physical exercise, sleep, anxiety, stress, illness, and ingestion of drugs. The American Heart

title: Heart rate

text: seen to be "using an allotment of heart beats" but rather an increased risk to the system from the increased rate. An Australian-led international study of patients with cardiovascular disease has shown that heart beat rate is a key indicator for the risk of heart attack. The study, published in "The Lancet" (September 2008) studied 11,000 people, across 33 countries, who were being treated for heart problems. Those patients whose heart rate was above 70 beats per minute had significantly higher incidence of heart attacks, hospital admissions and the need for surgery. Higher heart rate is thought to be correlated

title: Heart rate

text: number of different metrics are used to describe heart rate. Normal pulse rates at rest, in beats per minute (BPM): The basal or resting heart rate (HR) is defined as the heart rate when a person is awake, in a neutrally temperate environment, and has not been subject to any recent exertion or stimulation, such as stress or surprise. A large body of evidence indicates that the normal range is 60-100 beats per minute. This resting heart rate is often correlated with mortality. For example, all-cause mortality is increased by 1.22 (hazard ratio) when heart rate exceeds 90 beats per

title: Heart rate

text: on a distal artery like the radial artery. It can be detected, however, by doppler. Possible points for measuring the heart rate are: A more precise method of determining heart rate involves the use of an electrocardiograph, or ECG (also abbreviated EKG). An ECG generates a pattern based on electrical activity of the heart, which closely follows heart function. Continuous ECG monitoring is routinely done in many clinical settings, especially in critical care medicine. On the ECG, instantaneous heart rate is calculated using the R wave-to-R wave (RR) interval and multiplying/dividing in order to derive heart rate in heartbeats/min. Multiple

title: Heart rate

text: pharmacological regimens may be beneficial to those with high resting heart rates. Exercise is one possible measure to take when an individual's heart rate is higher than 80 beats per minute. Diet has also been found to be beneficial in lowering resting heart rate: In studies of resting heart rate and risk of death and cardiac complications on patients with type 2 diabetes, legumes were found to lower resting heart rate. This is thought to occur because in addition to the direct beneficial effects of legumes, they also displace animal proteins in the diet, which are higher in saturated fat

title: Heart rate

text: their immediate elevation in heart the minute the unexpected event occurred, but the actors present onstage at the time of the stressor reacted in the following 5 minute period (demonstrated by their increasingly elevated heart rate). This trend regarding stress and heart rate is supported by previous studies; negative emotion/stimulus has a prolonged effect on heart rate in individuals who are directly impacted. In regard to the characters present onstage, a reduced startle response has been associated with a passive defense, and the diminished initial heart rate response has been predicted to have a greater tendency to dissociation. Further, note

title: Heart rate monitor

text: Heart rate monitor A heart rate monitor (HRM) is a personal monitoring device that allows one to measure/display heart rate in real time or record the heart rate for later study. It is largely used to gather heart rate data while performing various types of physical exercise. Measuring electrical heart information is referred to as Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG). Medical heart rate monitoring used in hospitals is usually wired and usually multiple sensors are used. Portable medical units are referred to as a Holter monitor. Consumer heart rate monitors are designed for everyday use and thus don't use wires to

title: Heart rate monitor

title: Heart rate

text: with an increase in heart attack and about a 46 percent increase in hospitalizations for non-fatal or fatal heart attack. Other studies have shown that a high resting heart rate is associated with an increase in cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in the general population and in patients with chronic disease. A faster resting heart rate is associated with shorter life expectancy and is considered a strong risk factor for heart disease and heart failure, independent of level of physical fitness. Specifically, a resting heart rate above 65 beats per minute has been shown to have a strong independent effect on

title: Heart rate

text: (SA node), and the vagus nerve provides parasympathetic input to the heart by releasing acetylcholine onto sinoatrial node cells. Therefore, stimulation of the accelerans nerve increases heart rate, while stimulation of the vagus nerve decreases it. Due to individuals having a constant blood volume, one of the physiological ways to deliver more oxygen to an organ is to increase heart rate to permit blood to pass by the organ more often. Normal resting heart rates range from 60-100 bpm. Bradycardia is defined as a resting heart rate below 60 bpm. However, heart rates from 50 to 60 bpm are common

title: Heart rate

text: at rest. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate, defined as below 60 bpm at rest. During sleep a slow heartbeat with rates around 40–50 bpm is common and is considered normal. When the heart is not beating in a regular pattern, this is referred to as an arrhythmia. Abnormalities of heart rate sometimes indicate disease. While heart rhythm is regulated entirely by the sinoatrial node under normal conditions, heart rate is regulated by sympathetic and parasympathetic input to the sinoatrial node. The accelerans nerve provides sympathetic input to the heart by releasing norepinephrine onto the cells of the sinoatrial node

title: Heart rate

text: be considered in the assessment of cardiovascular risk, even in apparently healthy individuals. Heart rate has many advantages as a clinical parameter: It is inexpensive and quick to measure and is easily understandable. Although the accepted limits of heart rate are between 60 and 100 beats per minute, this was based for convenience on the scale of the squares on electrocardiogram paper; a better definition of normal sinus heart rate may be between 50 and 90 beats per minute. Standard textbooks of physiology and medicine mention that heart rate (HR) is readily calculated from the ECG as follows: Lifestyle and

title: Heart rate

text: premature mortality; every 10 beats per minute increase in resting heart rate has been shown to be associated with a 10–20% increase in risk of death. In one study, men with no evidence of heart disease and a resting heart rate of more than 90 beats per minute had a five times higher risk of sudden cardiac death. Similarly, another study found that men with resting heart rates of over 90 beats per minute had an almost two-fold increase in risk for cardiovascular disease mortality; in women it was associated with a three-fold increase. Given these data, heart rate should

title: Heart rate

text: Physiological conditions where tachycardia occurs: Pathological conditions where tachycardia occurs: Bradycardia was defined as a heart rate less than 60 beats per minute when textbooks asserted that the normal range for heart rates was 60–100 bpm. The normal range has since been revised in textbooks to 50–90 bpm for a human at total rest. Setting a lower threshold for bradycardia prevents misclassification of fit individuals as having a pathologic heart rate. The normal heart rate number can vary as children and adolescents tend to have faster heart rates than average adults. Bradycardia may be associated with medical conditions such as

title: What the....You Mean I Can't Sing?!

text: calling it "a deeply musical, funky masterpiece of rage, righteous indignation, and soulful killer grooves". However, Jurek criticized the reissue for not including musician credits. What the....You Mean I Can't Sing?! What the...You Mean I Can't Sing?! is the fourth studio album by Melvin Van Peebles. Released in 1974, this album marks the first traditional music effort by Van Peebles. Previously, Van Peebles released the experimental spoken word albums "Brer Soul", "Ain't Supposed to Die a Natural Death" and "As Serious as a Heart-Attack". "What the...You Mean I Can't Sing?!" largely derives from funk and soul music, much as Van

title: What the....You Mean I Can't Sing?!

text: What the....You Mean I Can't Sing?! What the...You Mean I Can't Sing?! is the fourth studio album by Melvin Van Peebles. Released in 1974, this album marks the first traditional music effort by Van Peebles. Previously, Van Peebles released the experimental spoken word albums "Brer Soul", "Ain't Supposed to Die a Natural Death" and "As Serious as a Heart-Attack". "What the...You Mean I Can't Sing?!" largely derives from funk and soul music, much as Van Peebles had featured on the soundtrack to his 1971 film "Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song". Prior to the recording of this album, Van Peebles had released

title: Heart rate

text: minute. The mortality rate of patients with myocardial infarction increased from 15% to 41% if their admission heart rate was greater than 90 beats per minute. ECG of 46,129 individuals with low risk for cardiovascular disease revealed that 96% had resting heart rates ranging from 48-98 beats per minute. Finally, expert consensus reveals that 98% of cardiologists believe that the "60 to 100" range is too high, with a vast majority of them agreeing that 50 to 90 beats per minute is more appropriate. The normal resting heart rate is based on the at-rest firing rate of the heart's sinoatrial

title: Heart rate

text: They can be divided into two broad categories: fast and slow heart rates. Some cause few or minimal symptoms. Others produce more serious symptoms of lightheadedness, dizziness and fainting. A number of investigations indicate that faster resting heart rate has emerged as a new risk factor for mortality in homeothermic mammals, particularly cardiovascular mortality in human beings. Faster heart rate may accompany increased production of inflammation molecules and increased production of reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular system, in addition to increased mechanical stress to the heart. There is a correlation between increased resting rate and cardiovascular risk. This is not

title: Heart rate

text: hypothyroidism. Trained athletes tend to have slow resting heart rates, and resting bradycardia in athletes should not be considered abnormal if the individual has no symptoms associated with it. For example, Miguel Indurain, a Spanish cyclist and five time Tour de France winner, had a resting heart rate of 28 beats per minute, one of the lowest ever recorded in a healthy human. Daniel Green achieved the world record for the slowest heartbeat in a healthy human with a heart rate of just 26 bpm in 2014. Arrhythmias are abnormalities of the heart rate and rhythm (sometimes felt as palpitations).

title: Heart rate

text: methods exist: Heart rate monitors allow measurements to be taken continuously and can be used during exercise when manual measurement would be difficult or impossible (such as when the hands are being used). Various commercial heart rate monitors are also available. Some monitors, used during sport, consist of a chest strap with electrodes. The signal is transmitted to a wrist receiver for display. Alternative methods of measurement include pulse oximetry and seismocardiography. Tachycardia is a resting heart rate more than 100 beats per minute. This number can vary as smaller people and children have faster heart rates than average adults.

title: Heart rate

text: be higher due to the improved response time and short duration. While each may have predicted heart rates of 180 (= 220 − age), these two people could have actual HR 20 beats apart (e.g., 170–190). Further, note that individuals of the same age, the same training, in the same sport, on the same team, can have actual HR 60 bpm apart (160–220): the range is extremely broad, and some say "The heart rate is probably the least important variable in comparing athletes." "Heart rate reserve" (HR) is the difference between a person's measured or predicted maximum heart rate and

title: Heart rate

text: to the heart. Both stimulants are legal and unregulated, and are known to be very addictive. Both surprise and stress induce physiological response: elevate heart rate substantially. In a study conducted on 8 female and male student actors ages 18 to 25, their reaction to an unforeseen occurrence (the cause of stress) during a performance was observed in terms of heart rate. In the data collected, there was a noticeable trend between the location of actors (onstage and offstage) and their elevation in heart rate in response to stress; the actors present offstage reacted to the stressor immediately, demonstrated by

title: Heart rate turbulence

text: Heart rate turbulence Heart rate turbulence (HRT) is the return to equilibrium of heart rate after a premature ventricular contraction (PVC). It consists of a brief speed-up in heart rate, followed by a slow decrease back to the baseline rate. An important feature of HRT is that PVCs occur naturally in most adults, so measuring the characteristics of a given person's HRT offers a noninvasive way to evaluate his or her cardiac function without applying artificial external stimuli. The measured values of HRT parameters have been shown to be a statistically significant predictor of the probability of dying from cardiac

title: Heart rate

text: node, where the faster pacemaker cells driving the self-generated rhythmic firing and responsible for the heart's autorhythmicity are located. For endurance athletes at the elite level, it is not unusual to have a resting heart rate between 33 and 50 bpm. The "maximum heart rate" (HR) is the highest heart rate an individual can achieve without severe problems through exercise stress, and generally decreases with age. Since HR varies by individual, the most accurate way of measuring any single person's HR is via a cardiac stress test. In this test, a person is subjected to controlled physiologic stress (generally by

title: Heart rate monitor

text: watches, smart bands and cell phones often use PPG sensors. Garmin, Polar, Suunto and Fitbit are vendors selling consumer heart rate products. Most companies use their own proprietary Heart Rate algorithms. Garmin and other Smart Watch companies use technology from Firstbeat The newer, wrist based heart rate monitors have achieved almost identical levels of accuracy as their chest strap counterparts with independent tests showing up to 98% accuracy. Optical devices when used with rigorous activity can be less accurate or when used under water. Currently Heart rate variability is less available on optical devices. The Apple watch now includes HRV.

title: Heart rate turbulence

text: the heart. Especially after a heart attack, sympathetic nervous activity tends to be increased. A healthy HRT indicates the presence of a healthy amount of parasympathetic activity, countering sympathetic activity. To take a wider view, however, it may be that a healthy HRT is also an indication of a healthy brain, and is the reason small HRT also predicts a likelihood of death from non- cardiac causes as well as from cardiac causes. Heart rate turbulence Heart rate turbulence (HRT) is the return to equilibrium of heart rate after a premature ventricular contraction (PVC). It consists of a brief speed-up

title: Heart rate monitor

text: connect. Early models consisted of a monitoring box with a set of electrode leads which attached to the chest. The first wireless EKG heart rate monitor was invented in 1977 by Polar Electro as a training aid for the Finnish National Cross Country Ski team. As "intensity training" became a popular concept in athletic circles in the mid-80s, retail sales of wireless personal heart monitors started in 1983. Modern Heart rate monitors commonly use one of two different methods to detect heart rates. Both methods can provide the same basic heart rate data. The original technology is based on electrical

title: What the....You Mean I Can't Sing?!

text: a trio of experimental albums, "Brer Soul", "Ain't Supposed to Die a Natural Death" and "As Serious as a Heart-Attack", which were considered to be spoken word at the time, due to their use of sprechgesang. Modern critics have since dubbed these albums as precursors to hip hop music. Van Peebles wanted to record an album that showed that he could perform in a more traditional form, as opposed to the style he had used on his previous albums, titling it "What the...You Mean I Can't Sing?!" because of this. "What the...You Mean I Can't Sing?!" places more emphasis on

title: Heart rate

text: before the embryo reaches 25 mm in crown-rump length or 9.2 LMP weeks is: formula_1 There is no difference in male and female heart rates before birth. Heart rate is measured by finding the pulse of the heart. This pulse rate can be found at any point on the body where the artery's pulsation is transmitted to the surface by pressuring it with the index and middle fingers; often it is compressed against an underlying structure like bone. (A good area is on the neck, under the corner of the jaw.) The thumb should not be used for measuring another

title: Mean arterial pressure

text: closely approximated by the arithmetic mean of systolic and diastolic pressures because of the change in shape of the arterial pressure pulse. For a generalized formula of formula_5: Where HR is the heart rate. formula_5 is considered to be the perfusion pressure seen by organs in the body. It is believed that a formula_5 that is greater than 70 mmHg is enough to sustain the organs of the average person. formula_5 is normally between 65 and 110 mmHg. MAP may be used similarly to Systolic blood pressure in monitoring and treating for target blood pressure. Both have been shown advantageous

title: Rate card

text: retail advertising and even national ad rates. Rate cards help the retailer understand what types of ad sizes, discounts and other advertising the publication has to offer. When choosing a newspaper or print media, you can use rate cards to compare ad rates based on circulation before you buy advertising space. Before placing an ad, be sure you understand the terms and conditions of advertising with the publication. In many cases where there may be a conflict between the insertion order and the rate card, the rate card will be the deciding factor. This does not mean the prices on

title: Heart rate variability

text: distribution), the wavelet entropies are obtained using the definition of entropy given by Shannon. Given the complexity of the mechanisms regulating heart rate, it is reasonable to assume that applying HRV analysis based on methods of non-linear dynamics will yield valuable information. Although chaotic behavior has been assumed, more rigorous testing has shown that heart rate variability cannot be described as a low dimensional chaotic process. However, application of chaotic globals to HRV has been shown to predict diabetes status. The most commonly used non-linear method of analysing heart rate variability is the Poincaré plot. Each data point represents a

title: Heart rate monitor

text: off blood vessels. In addition to measuring the heart rate, some devices using this technology are able to measure blood oxygen saturation (SpO). Some recent optical sensors can also transmit data as mentioned above. Newer devices such as cell phones or watches can be used to display and/or collect the information. Some devices can simultaneously monitor heart rate, oxygen saturation, and other parameters. These may include sensors such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and GPS to detect speed, location and distance. In recent years, it has been common for smartwatches to include heart rate monitors, which has greatly increased popularity. Some smart

title: What Do You Mean?

text: Do You Mean?" was performed at the 2015 MTV Europe Music Awards on October 25. Moreover, the song was also included on the set list for the Purpose World Tour. What Do You Mean? "What Do You Mean?" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album "Purpose" (2015). The song was released on August 28, 2015, as the album's lead single by Def Jam. Written by Bieber, Jason "Poo Bear" Boyd and Mason Levy, the song was produced by MdL and co-produced by Bieber. "What Do You Mean?" is a pop and tropical house

title: Heart rate turbulence

text: normal cardiac cycle, so the ventricles of the heart haven't had time to fill up to their normal level, before contracting and pumping their contents out. This results in a pulse (blood pressure) weaker than expected and triggers normal homeostatic mechanisms that try to compensate by constricting arteries and increasing heart rate (the turbulence onset part of HRT). This is accomplished by the brain reflexively withdrawing the parasympathetic nerve signals and increasing the sympathetic nerve signals it sends to the heart. The compensatory constriction of the arteries and increased heart rate frequently cause blood pressure to oveshoot normal values (overcompensates),

title: Heart rate turbulence

text: found in the footnotes of an electrocardiography textbook. Instead, they reasoned that just as loss of variability in heart rate indicated patients more likely to be at high risk of dying after a heart attack, this phenomenon might also be an indicator of a healthy control of heart rate in such patients. They proceeded to test this hypothesis using 24-hour electrocardiogram (Holter monitor) recordings from one hundred survivors of heart attacks with frequent PVCs. Greater turbulence seemed correlated with better prognosis. They then used this data to determine the optimal discriminating threshold between normal and abnormal HRT values, and came

title: Heart rate variability

text: changes in HRV have any direct prognostic significance. Low-dose muscarinic receptor blockers, such as atropine and scopolamine, may produce a paradoxical increase in vagal effects on the heart, as suggested by a decrease in heart rate. In addition, scopolamine and low dose atropine can markedly increase HRV. However, though the heart rate slowing in proportional to the (low) dose of atropine, the increase in HRV varies widely across and within individuals. This suggests that even for vagal activity to the heart, HRV may be a limited marker. The effect of thrombolysis on HRV (assessed by pNN50) was reported in 95

title: Heart rate variability

text: pathways in the autonomic nervous system that mediate HRV. This theory emphasizes the role of heart rate variability in understanding the magnitude and nature of vagal outflow to the heart. This theory decomposes heart rate variability based on frequency domain characteristics with an emphasis on respiratory sinus arrhythmia and its transmission by a neural pathway that is distinct from other components of HRV. There is anatomic and physiological evidence for a polyvagal control of the heart. The neurovisceral integration model describes how the prefrontal cortex regulates activity in limbic structures which act to suppress parasympathetic activity and activate sympathetic circuits.

title: Heart rate

text: that heart rate is an accurate measure of stress and the startle response which can be easily observed to determine the effects of certain stressors. The heart rate can be slowed by altered sodium and potassium levels, hypoxia, acidosis, alkalosis, and hypothermia. The relationship between electrolytes and HR is complex, but maintaining electrolyte balance is critical to the normal wave of depolarization. Of the two ions, potassium has the greater clinical significance. Initially, both hyponatremia (low sodium levels) and hypernatremia (high sodium levels) may lead to tachycardia. Severely high hypernatremia may lead to fibrillation, which may cause CO to cease.

title: Heart rate

text: levels have a great impact on heart rate and contractility: increased calcium levels cause an increase in both. High levels of calcium ions result in hypercalcemia and excessive levels can induce cardiac arrest. Drugs known as calcium channel blockers slow HR by binding to these channels and blocking or slowing the inward movement of calcium ions. Caffeine and nicotine are both stimulants of the nervous system and of the cardiac centres causing an increased heart rate. Caffeine works by increasing the rates of depolarization at the SA node, whereas nicotine stimulates the activity of the sympathetic neurons that deliver impulses

title: Heart rate

text: of the enzyme. The last variable is body temperature. Elevated body temperature is called hyperthermia, and suppressed body temperature is called hypothermia. Slight hyperthermia results in increasing HR and strength of contraction. Hypothermia slows the rate and strength of heart contractions. This distinct slowing of the heart is one component of the larger diving reflex that diverts blood to essential organs while submerged. If sufficiently chilled, the heart will stop beating, a technique that may be employed during open heart surgery. In this case, the patient’s blood is normally diverted to an artificial heart-lung machine to maintain the body’s blood

title: What Do You Mean?

text: "What do you mean / When you nod your head yes, but you wanna say no? / What do you mean / When you don't want me to move, but you tell me to go?." "USA Today" Carly Mallenbaum, who heard the song in early August, described it as a "catchy dance track for the club". Similarly, a writer for "The Daily Beast" said, "['What Do You Mean?' is] pretty damn catchy; a slow-burner that, like that collab, swells into a Bieber banger". Gil Kaufman of MTV News also called it a "banger", explaining, "the track is classic JB: seductive,

title: What Do You Mean?

text: What Do You Mean? "What Do You Mean?" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album "Purpose" (2015). The song was released on August 28, 2015, as the album's lead single by Def Jam. Written by Bieber, Jason "Poo Bear" Boyd and Mason Levy, the song was produced by MdL and co-produced by Bieber. "What Do You Mean?" is a pop and tropical house song, with its instrumentation consisting in light flourishes of panpipes, looped vocal samples, piano chords, fervent synths, bass and "slick beat" elements with the sound of a clock ticking, while

title: Heart rate

text: supply and gas exchange until the surgery is complete, and sinus rhythm can be restored. Excessive hyperthermia and hypothermia will both result in death, as enzymes drive the body systems to cease normal function, beginning with the central nervous system. Heart rate is not a stable value and it increases or decreases in response to the body's need in a way to maintain an equilibrium (basal metabolic rate) between requirement and delivery of oxygen and nutrients. The normal SA node firing rate is affected by autonomic nervous system activity: sympathetic stimulation increases and parasympathetic stimulation decreases the firing rate. A

title: Heart rate turbulence

text: disease after a patient suffers a myocardial infarction. HRT can also be used to predict death in patients with congestive heart failure from a lethal arrhythmia. HRT has nothing to do with turbulence in fluid dynamics. See also Heart rate variability. The concept of HRT was introduced to the medical community by Georg Schmidt and colleagues from the Munich University of Technology in 1999 in the British medical journal the Lancet. While studying PVC characteristics, Schmidt and his colleagues had noticed that heart rate seemed to speed up after a PVC. To get a clearer picture, they listed the time

title: Heart rate variability

text: the effect of resonant breathing biofeedback among manufacturing operators; depression, anxiety and stress significantly decreased. One study that surveyed the physiological effects of playing Native American flutes found a significant HRV increase when playing both low-pitched and high-pitched flutes. Even though there are no widely accepted standard values for HRV that can be used for clinical purposes, The Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Heart Rhythm Society (formerly called North American Society of Pacing Electrophysiology) provided initial normative values of standard measures of HRV Heart rate variability Heart rate variability (HRV) is the physiological phenomenon of variation

title: Heart rate variability

text: Heart rate variability Heart rate variability (HRV) is the physiological phenomenon of variation in the time interval between heartbeats. It is measured by the variation in the beat-to-beat interval. Other terms used include: "cycle length variability", "RR variability" (where R is a point corresponding to the peak of the QRS complex of the ECG wave; and RR is the interval between successive Rs), and "heart period variability". Methods used to detect beats include: ECG, blood pressure, ballistocardiograms, and the pulse wave signal derived from a photoplethysmograph (PPG). ECG is considered superior because it provides a clear waveform, which makes it

title: Range rate

text: is simply defined as the projection of the observer to target velocity vector onto the formula_14 unit vector. A singularity exists for coincident observer target, i.e. formula_15. In this case, range rate does not exist as formula_16. Range rate Range rate defines a signed scalar value describing the time rate of change of the range (distance) between two locations. Given a differentiable vector formula_1 defining the instantaneous position of a target relative to an observer. Let with formula_2 formula_3 formula_4, the instantaneous velocity of the target with respect to the observer. The magnitude of the position vector formula_5 is defined

title: What Kate Does

text: week." VanDerWerff of the "LA Times", Ryan of the "Chicago Tribune", Sepinwall of "The Star-Ledger", Jensen of "Entertainment Weekly" and Mark Medley of the "National Post" also found the episode to contain humorous lines. This episode was watched by 11 million American viewers and 1.57 million Canadian viewers. What Kate Does "What Kate Does" is the 106th television episode of the American Broadcasting Company's "Lost" and third episode of the sixth season. It was written by executive producers Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed in September 2009 by Paul Edwards. "What Kate Does" was first aired February 9, 2010,

title: What Kate Does

text: What Kate Does "What Kate Does" is the 106th television episode of the American Broadcasting Company's "Lost" and third episode of the sixth season. It was written by executive producers Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed in September 2009 by Paul Edwards. "What Kate Does" was first aired February 9, 2010, on ABC in the United States and on CTV in Canada. Kate Austen is the character on whom the episode is centered. In December 2007, Kate Austen chases after James "Sawyer" Ford (Josh Holloway), who escapes from the Others' captivity in the island's temple and is grieving over

title: Heart rate

text: date normally used to date pregnancy in the medical community. The electrical depolarizations that trigger cardiac myocytes to contract arise spontaneously within the myocyte itself. The heartbeat is initiated in the pacemaker regions and spreads to the rest of the heart through a conduction pathway. Pacemaker cells develop in the primitive atrium and the sinus venosus to form the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node respectively. Conductive cells develop the bundle of His and carry the depolarization into the lower heart. The human heart begins beating at a rate near the mother’s, about 75–80 beats per minute (bpm). The embryonic

title: Heart rate

text: treadmill) while being monitored by an ECG. The intensity of exercise is periodically increased until certain changes in heart function are detected on the ECG monitor, at which point the subject is directed to stop. Typical duration of the test ranges ten to twenty minutes. Adults who are beginning a new exercise regimen are often advised to perform this test only in the presence of medical staff due to risks associated with high heart rates. For general purposes, a formula is often employed to estimate a person's maximum heart rate. However, these predictive formulas have been criticized as inaccurate because

title: Heart rate

text: persons with coronary artery disease. The heart rate is rhythmically generated by the sinoatrial node. It is also influenced by central factors through sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. Nervous influence over the heartrate is centralized within the two paired cardiovascular centres of the medulla oblongata. The cardioaccelerator regions stimulate activity via sympathetic stimulation of the cardioaccelerator nerves, and the cardioinhibitory centers decrease heart activity via parasympathetic stimulation as one component of the vagus nerve. During rest, both centers provide slight stimulation to the heart, contributing to autonomic tone. This is a similar concept to tone in skeletal muscles. Normally, vagal stimulation

title: Rate (mathematics)

text: average velocity found from the set of v's mentioned above. Finding averages may involve using weighted averages and possibly using the Harmonic mean. A ratio r=a/b has both a numerator a and a denominator b. a and/or b may be a real number or integer. The inverse of a ratio r is 1/r = b/a. Rates occur in many areas of real life. For example: "How fast are you driving?" Miles per hour is a rate. "What interest does your savings account pay you?" Interest paid / year is a rate. Consider the case where the numerator formula_1 of a

title: Where Does My Heart Beat Now

text: 1994. Dion is also performing "Where Does My Heart Beat Now" in her current Las Vegas residency show, "Celine". On 13 May 1992, "Where Does My Heart Beat Now" received an ASCAP Pop Award for the most-performed ASCAP song during the 1991 survey year (1 October 1990 – 30 September 1991). Additionally, Dion's performance of "Where Does My Heart Beat Now" at the Juno Awards of 1991 was nominated for the Gemini Award in category Best Performance in a Variety Program or Series. Where Does My Heart Beat Now "Where Does My Heart Beat Now" is a song performed by

title: Heat rate (efficiency)

text: indicates the amount of fuel required to generate one unit of electricity. Performance parameters tracked for any thermal power plant like efficiency, fuel costs, plant load factor, emissions level, etc. are a function of the station heat rate and can be linked directly. Given that heat rate and efficiency are inversely related to each other, it is possible to convert from one to the other: Most power plants have a target or design heat rate. If the actual heat rate does not match the target, the difference between the actual and target heat rate is the heat rate deviation. Heat

title: Heart rate variability

text: patients with acute MI. HRV was higher 90 minutes after thrombolysis in the patients with patency of the infarct-related artery. However, this difference was no longer evident when the entire 24 hours were analyzed. Exercise training may decrease cardiovascular mortality and sudden cardiac death. Regular exercise training is also thought to modify cardiac autonomic control. Individuals who exercise regularly have a 'training bradycardia' (i.e., low resting heart rate) and generally have higher HRV than sedentary individuals. The technique called "resonant breathing biofeedback" teaches how to recognize and control involuntary heart rate variability. A randomized study by Sutarto et al. assessed

title: Heart rate variability

text: are needed to address the LF component (with a lower bound of 0.04 Hz). Although time domain methods, especially the SDNN and RMSSD methods, can be used to investigate recordings of long durations, a substantial part of the long-term variability is day–night differences. Thus, long-term recordings analyzed by time domain methods should contain at least 18 hours of analyzable ECG data that include the whole night. Although cardiac automaticity is intrinsic to various pacemaker tissues, heart rate and rhythm are largely under the control of the autonomic nervous system. The parasympathetic influence on heart rate is mediated via release of

title: Heart rate variability

text: to 10 second waves in heart rate (associated with Mayer waves of blood pressure), but this remains controversial. Factors that affect the input are the baroreflex, thermoregulation, hormones, sleep-wake cycle, meals, physical activity, and stress. Decreased PSNS activity or increased SNS activity will result in reduced HRV. High frequency (HF) activity (0.15 to 0.40 Hz), especially, has been linked to PSNS activity. Activity in this range is associated with the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), a vagally mediated modulation of heart rate such that it increases during inspiration and decreases during expiration. Less is known about the physiological inputs of the

title: Heart rate variability

text: Variation in the output of these two branches of the autonomic system produces HRV and activity in the prefrontal cortex can hence modulate HRV. Variation in the beat-to-beat interval is a physiological phenomenon. The SA node receives several different inputs and the instantaneous heart rate or RR interval and its variation are the results of these inputs. The main inputs are the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) and humoral factors. Respiration gives rise to waves in heart rate mediated primarily via the PSNS, and it is thought that the lag in the baroreceptor feedback loop may give rise

title: What She Does Best

text: What She Does Best What She Does Best is a studio album by country singer Lynn Anderson, released in 1988. It was her only album with Mercury records. Notable due to featuring her last charting single, "What She Does Best" did not chart and was commercially unsuccessful. It would be her last album for four years, as Anderson went into a brief retirement and officially retired from releasing singles. The singles from this disc were "Under the Boardwalk" (a cover version of The Drifters' hit), "What He Does Best", and "How Many Hearts". "Under the Boardwalk" reached No. 24; the

title: Heart rate monitor

text: sensors and these are still the default used for medical devices. The newer technology is based on optical sensors. ECG (Electrocardiography) sensors measure the bio-potential generated by electrical signals that control the expansion and contraction of heart chambers. PPG (Photoplethysmography) sensors use a light-based technology to sense the rate of blood flow as controlled by the heart's pumping action. The electrical monitors consist of two elements: a monitor/transmitter, which is worn on a chest strap, and a receiver. When a heartbeat is detected a radio signal is transmitted, which the receiver uses to display/determine the current heart rate. This signal

title: What Kate Does

text: reviews"; however, this was down significantly from the previous episode's 89 and Bonnie Covel of About.com noted that " 'What Kate Does' brought us a bit of negativity. In general, fans just didn't like the episode". "What Kate Does" was largely considered to be a step down from the season premiere in pacing, revelations and writing; Mike Hale of "The New York Times" described the episode as "contemplative", "anticlimactic" and "subdued" and the flash sideways as "kind of boring and seemingly pointless." Chris Carabott of IGN, who gave the episode a score of 7.3 summed up that " 'What Kate

title: Bank rate

text: "mean term" of the "overnight rate", fixed by the "Committee of Monetary Politics", a branch of the Central Bank of Brazil. There are some assets of the public debt whose interest rate is linked to the SELIC: an increase in this rate provides more profit for its owner. In Canada, the bank rate is defined as the upper limit of the overnight rate band, announced, reviewed, and modified if necessary eight times each year (a schedule implemented in November 2000) by the Bank of Canada, (making it the target overnight rate + 0.25%). Since September 2010, the Bank of Canada's

title: P.S.K. What Does It Mean?

text: and the Banshees' song "Kiss Them for Me" and Strike's "I Have Peace" while "Pearl" by Chapterhouse and a remix of "Ain't Nobody Stupid", written by Ne-Yo, amongst other acts also used it. American rapper The Notorious B.I.G. included it on "B.I.G. Interlude", as does DJ Khaled for the song "It Ain't Over 'Til It's Over" featuring Mary J. Blige, Fabolous and Jadakiss from Khaled's 2011 studio album "We the Best Forever". Eminem also samples it on his song "So Far..." from "The Marshall Mathers LP 2". This song has been sampled by "The Prodigy" on three separate occasions. It

title: Heart rate

text: heart rate then accelerates linearly for the first month of beating, peaking at 165–185 bpm during the early 7th week, (early 9th week after the LMP). This acceleration is approximately 3.3 bpm per day, or about 10 bpm every three days, an increase of 100 bpm in the first month. After peaking at about 9.2 weeks after the LMP, it decelerates to about 150 bpm (+/-25 bpm) during the 15th week after the LMP. After the 15th week the deceleration slows reaching an average rate of about 145 (+/-25 bpm) bpm at term. The regression formula which describes this acceleration

title: Heart rate

text: the cardiac nerves. This shortens the repolarization period, thus speeding the rate of depolarization and contraction, which results in an increased heartrate. It opens chemical or ligand-gated sodium and calcium ion channels, allowing an influx of positively charged ions. Norepinephrine binds to the beta–1 receptor. High blood pressure medications are used to block these receptors and so reduce the heart rate. Parasympathetic stimulation originates from the cardioinhibitory region with impulses traveling via the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X). The vagus nerve sends branches to both the SA and AV nodes, and to portions of both the atria and ventricles. Parasympathetic

title: Heart rate

text: error, S = 7–11 bpm. Consequently, the estimation calculated by HR = 220 − age has neither the accuracy nor the scientific merit for use in exercise physiology and related fields. A 2002 study of 43 different formulas for HR (including that of Haskell and Fox – see above) published in the Journal of Exercise Psychology concluded that: Research conducted at Northwestern University by Martha Gulati, et al., in 2010 suggested a maximum heart rate formula for women: A 2008 study from Lund, Sweden gives reference values (obtained during bicycle ergometry) for men: and for women: Maximum heart rates vary

title: Heart rate

text: they generalized population-averages and usually focus on a person's age. It is well-established that there is a "poor relationship between maximal heart rate and age" and large standard deviations relative to predicted heart rates. ("see Limitations of Estimation Formulas"). A number of formulas are used to estimate HR Based on measurements of 3320 healthy men and women aged between 19 and 89, and including the potential modifying effect of gender, body composition, and physical activity, Nes "et al" found This relationship was found to hold substantially regardless of gender, physical activity status, maximal oxygen uptake, smoking, or body mass index.

title: Heart rate

text: not unusual to identify higher than normal HRs, often accompanied by a surge in the stress hormone cortisol. Individuals experiencing extreme anxiety may manifest panic attacks with symptoms that resemble those of heart attacks. These events are typically transient and treatable. Meditation techniques have been developed to ease anxiety and have been shown to lower HR effectively. Doing simple deep and slow breathing exercises with one’s eyes closed can also significantly reduce this anxiety and HR. Using a combination of autorhythmicity and innervation, the cardiovascular center is able to provide relatively precise control over the heart rate, but other factors

title: Heart rate

text: the brake and let the engine increase speed. In the case of the heart, decreasing parasympathetic stimulation decreases the release of ACh, which allows HR to increase up to approximately 100 bpm. Any increases beyond this rate would require sympathetic stimulation. The cardiovascular centres receive input from a series of visceral receptors with impulses traveling through visceral sensory fibers within the vagus and sympathetic nerves via the cardiac plexus. Among these receptors are various proprioreceptors, baroreceptors, and chemoreceptors, plus stimuli from the limbic system which normally enable the precise regulation of heart function, via cardiac reflexes. Increased physical activity results

title: Federal funds rate

text: the lending bank to borrow the funds is negotiated between the two banks, and the weighted average of this rate across all such transactions is the federal funds "effective" rate. The "federal funds target rate" is set by the governors of the Federal Reserve, which they enforce by open market operations and adjustments in the interest rate on reserves. The target rate is almost always what is meant by the media referring to the Federal Reserve "changing interest rates." The actual federal funds rate generally lies within a range of that target rate, as the Federal Reserve cannot set an

title: Know What I Mean?

text: stars out of 4 stating "'The quartet date with Bill Evans was one of the last chances to hear him as sole horn, and he sounds fine". "Tracks 2-3, 7, 9-10 recorded on January 27, 1961; tracks 5 & 6 on February 21; tracks 1, 4 & 8 recorded on March 13, 1961, all at Bell Sound Studios, New York City." Know What I Mean? Know What I Mean? is a 1962 album by jazz musician Julian "Cannonball" Adderley, accompanied by Bill Evans and the rhythm section of the Modern Jazz Quartet. It was released on Riverside label as RLP-433.

title: Know What I Mean?

text: Know What I Mean? Know What I Mean? is a 1962 album by jazz musician Julian "Cannonball" Adderley, accompanied by Bill Evans and the rhythm section of the Modern Jazz Quartet. It was released on Riverside label as RLP-433. Barely noticeable on the album cover is a small picture of Bill Evans, directly underneath the sculpture to Adderley's right. The Allmusic review by Rick Anderson awarded the album 4 stars and states "It's hard to imagine any fan of mainstream jazz not finding much to love on this very fine recording". "The Penguin Guide to Jazz" awarded the album 3

title: What You Mean We?

text: Anderson (and her Clone) returned to host the 1987 season of "Alive from Off Center". Although this film has yet to be rereleased in its entirety to home video, segments such as "The Dream Before" and "Smoke Rings" were included on the compilation "". Anderson would later return to the experiment of creating an alter ego with her CD-ROM release "Puppet Motel", which replaced the clone with a ventriloquist dummy. Anderson and Spalding Gray collaborated again in 1987 when she provided the soundtrack music to his performance film "Swimming to Cambodia". What You Mean We? What You Mean We? is

title: What You Mean We?

text: What You Mean We? What You Mean We? is the title of a 1986 American made-for-television musical short film starring the performance artist Laurie Anderson, who also wrote and directed the piece. Originally produced as a segment of the PBS arts series "Alive from Off Center", the film runs a little less than a half-hour and is broken into several segments. The film begins with Anderson being interviewed on a faux talk show (the interviewer's voice is provided by Spalding Gray), talking about how her popularity and workload has become too much for one person to handle. So, after speaking

title: What Do You Mean?

text: On the chart dated 6 February 2016, the song spent a 21st consecutive week inside the Hot 100's top ten, tying with Nicki Minaj's "Starships" and Maroon 5's "Sugar" for the most weeks a song has logged in the Hot 100's top 10 from its debut. The record was surpassed later by Bieber's "Love Yourself", which spent 23 consecutive weeks in the top ten since its debut. As of February 2016, "What Do You Mean?" has sold over 1,600,000 copies in the United States. In Bieber's native Canada, "What Do You Mean?" debuted at number one on the Canadian Hot

title: What Do You Mean?

text: Bieber uses a smooth, soulful vocal. Lyrically, "What Do You Mean?" describes not being able to figure out the opposite sex. It was featured in several year-end lists of best songs of 2015. Commercially, the song topped the charts in several countries, including Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, and Norway. In Australia, the United States and the United Kingdom, "What Do You Mean?" was Bieber's first number-one single. The song's music video features Bieber in bed with a young woman and getting kidnapped by masked men, as well as an appearance from actor John Leguizamo. After releasing "Where Are Ü Now"

title: Overnight rate

text: any) or deposit them with other banks, who borrow from them. The overnight rate is the amount paid to the bank lending the funds. Banks will also choose to borrow or lend for longer periods of time, depending on their projected needs and opportunities to use money elsewhere. Most central banks will announce the overnight rate once a month. In Canada, for example, the Bank of Canada sets a target bandwidth for the overnight rate each month of +/- 0.25% around its target overnight rate: the Bank of Canada does not interfere in the overnight market so long as the

title: Heart rate variability

text: tachycardia is usually accompanied by a marked reduction in total power, whereas the reverse occurs during vagal activation. Thus the spectral components change in the same direction and do not indicate that LF faithfully reflects sympathetic effects. It is important to note that HRV measures fluctuations in autonomic inputs to the heart rather than the mean level of autonomic inputs. Thus, both withdrawal and saturatingly high levels of autonomic input to the heart can lead to diminished HRV. A reduction of HRV has been reported in several cardiovascular and noncardiovascular diseases. Depressed HRV after MI may reflect a decrease in

title: What She Does Best

text: other singles charted far outside the Top 40. "How Many Hearts" was the last single Anderson released, and it peaked at No. 69 on the country charts in 1989. The album's cover shows Anderson leaning on a fancy sports car, wearing a classic 1980s outfit. What She Does Best What She Does Best is a studio album by country singer Lynn Anderson, released in 1988. It was her only album with Mercury records. Notable due to featuring her last charting single, "What She Does Best" did not chart and was commercially unsuccessful. It would be her last album for four

title: If You Know What I Mean

text: a "tender recollection" of a relationship in his teens, in which he successfully seduced a significantly older woman. If You Know What I Mean "If You Know What I Mean" is a song written and recorded by Neil Diamond. The song is a track from Diamond's 1976 album, "Beautiful Noise", and was Diamond's third number one on the Easy Listening chart, where it spent two weeks. "If You Know What I Mean" went to number one for two nonconsecutive weeks and peaked at number eleven on the "Billboard" Hot 100. In Canada, the song reached number 19 on the pop

title: If You Know What I Mean

text: If You Know What I Mean "If You Know What I Mean" is a song written and recorded by Neil Diamond. The song is a track from Diamond's 1976 album, "Beautiful Noise", and was Diamond's third number one on the Easy Listening chart, where it spent two weeks. "If You Know What I Mean" went to number one for two nonconsecutive weeks and peaked at number eleven on the "Billboard" Hot 100. In Canada, the song reached number 19 on the pop singles chart and hit number one on the Adult Contemporary chart. Diamond has stated that the song is

title: Athletic heart syndrome

text: of the diastolic function of the left ventricle occurs. The athlete may also experience an irregular heartbeat and a resting pulse rate between 40 and 60 beats per minute (bradycardia). The level of physical activity in a person determines what physiological changes the heart makes. The two types of exercise are static (strength-training) and dynamic (endurance-training). Static exercise consists of weight lifting and is mostly anaerobic, meaning the body does not rely on oxygen for performance. It also moderately increases heart rate and stroke volume (oxygen debt). Dynamic exercises include running, swimming, skiing, rowing, and cycling, which rely on oxygen

title: Where Does My Heart Beat Now

text: handles this stirring ballad." AllMusic senior editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine picked it as album standout together with "(If There Was) Any Other Way." "Chicago Tribune" editor Jan De Knock wrote: Dion shines brightest on torchy love songs, including her current hit "Where Does My Heart Beat Now." In Canada, "Where Does My Heart Beat Now" entered the charts in October 1990 and reached number six on "The Record" Retail Singles Chart on 8 April 1991. It also topped the "RPM" Adult Contemporary chart for two weeks in February 1991. In the United States, "Where Does My Heart Beat Now" debuted

title: Where Does My Heart Beat Now

text: a top ten hit there. It did even better on the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks peaking at number two. "Where Does My Heart Beat Now" reached also top ten in Norway and Canada, peaking at numbers four and six respectively. Two accompanying music videos for the song were filmed. Dion performed "Where Does My Heart Beat Now" during many of her tours. In 1989, Dion was recording her first English-language album, "Unison". One of the songs chosen for the album was "Where Does My Heart Beat Now" written by Robert White Johnson and Taylor Rhodes, and produced by Christopher Neil.

title: Where Does My Heart Beat Now

text: Where Does My Heart Beat Now "Where Does My Heart Beat Now" is a song performed by Canadian singer Celine Dion, taken from her first English-language studio album, "Unison" (1990). It was released by Columbia Records as the third single in Canada on 1 October 1990. It was also issued as the first single in the United States in late 1990, and in other parts of the world in early 1991. "Where Does My Heart Beat Now" was written by Robert White Johnson and Taylor Rhodes in 1988 and recorded by Dion one year later. It was produced by Christopher

title: What I Mean to Say Is Goodbye

text: on my feet. I'd say, 'Jackie, go on.' Jackie would look up at me and his purr would get a little louder, but he would not leave." The title of the album was taken from a song of the same name, "What I Mean To Say Is Goodbye", which was later cut during the sequencing process and remains unreleased. Design and layout for "What I Mean To Say Is Goodbye" was created by Grammy-award winning designer, Peter Buchanan-Smith, and features original artwork, liner notes, and a short story by Tom Brosseau. What I Mean to Say Is Goodbye What I