query: When was the slinky invented?

title: Slinky

text: by BTS Richard T. James in 1943 and demonstrated at Gimbels department store in Philadelphia in November 1945. The toy was a hit, selling its entire inventory of 400 units in ninety minutes. James and his wife Betty formed James Industries in Clifton Heights, Pennsylvania to manufacture Slinky and several related toys such as the Slinky Dog and Suzie, the Slinky Worm. In 1960, James's wife Betty became president of James Industries, and, in 1964, moved the operation back to Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania. In 1998, Betty James sold the company to Poof Products, Inc. Slinky was originally priced at $1, but

title: Slinky

text: and, in 2003, was named to the Toy Industry Association's "Century of Toys List." In its first 60 years Slinky sold 300 million units. In 1943, Richard James, a naval mechanical engineer stationed at the William Cramp & Sons shipyards in Philadelphia, was developing springs that could support and stabilize sensitive instruments aboard ships in rough seas. James accidentally knocked one of the springs from a shelf, and watched as the spring "stepped" in a series of arcs to a stack of books, to a tabletop, and to the floor, where it re-coiled itself and stood upright. James's wife Betty

title: Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945)

text: semi-bituminous and bituminous coal only inside the steam locomotives. Sadly, this invention lasted until 1960 when Diesel's fully replaced American railroads. 1943 Slinky A Slinky or "Lazy Spring" is a toy consisting of a helical spring that stretches and can bounce up and down. It can perform a number of tricks, including traveling down a flight of steps end-over-end as it stretches and re-forms itself with the aid of gravity and its own momentum. The Slinky was invented in 1943 by American engineer Richard T. James while working in his home laboratory to invent a set of springs that could

title: Betty James

text: Betty James Betty M. James (February 13, 1918, Altoona, Pennsylvania – November 20, 2008, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), was an American businessperson who came up with the name for the Slinky her husband Richard T. James invented. She ran James Industries, the firm that manufactured the toy, by herself starting in 1960 after her husband left the firm and the family. She was born as Betty Mattas on February 13, 1918 in Altoona, Pennsylvania. She attended Altoona Area High School and then Pennsylvania State University, leaving when she was married to James. Her husband, an engineer, conceived of the toy in 1943

title: Slinky

text: Slinky A Slinky is a toy precompressed helical spring invented by Richard James in the early 1940s. It can perform a number of tricks, including travelling down a flight of steps end-over-end as it stretches and re-forms itself with the aid of gravity and its own momentum, or appear to levitate for a period of time after it has been dropped. These interesting characteristics have contributed to its success as a toy in its home country of the United States, resulting in many popular toys with slinky components in a wide range of countries. The Slinky was invented and developed

title: Slinky

text: Hawaii, hosted an interactive traveling exhibit developed by the Franklin Institute of Philadelphia, called "What Makes Music?" Among other things, visitors could examine what makes musical sound by creating waves on an eight-foot-long version of a Slinky toy. Slinky A Slinky is a toy precompressed helical spring invented by Richard James in the early 1940s. It can perform a number of tricks, including travelling down a flight of steps end-over-end as it stretches and re-forms itself with the aid of gravity and its own momentum, or appear to levitate for a period of time after it has been dropped. These

title: Slinky

text: out well before Christmas 1995. Plastic Slinkys are also available. They can be made in different colors. Many of them are made with the colors of the rainbow in rainbow order. They were marketed in the 1970s as a safer alternative to metal slinkys as they did not present a hazard when inserted into electrical sockets. The plastic spring toy, known as the Plastic Slinky was invented by Donald James Reum Sr. of Master Mark Plastics in Albany, Minnesota. Reum came up with the idea as he was playing with different techniques to produce a spiral hose for watering plants.

title: Slinky

text: that point "n", and "p"("n") gives the position that "n" is above the bottom of the slinky. This quadratic equation means that rather than the center of mass being at the middle of the slinky, it lies one quarter of the length above the bottom end, When set in motion on a stepped platform such as a stairway, the slinky transfers energy along its length in a longitudinal wave. The whole spring descends end over end in a periodical motion, as if it were somersaulting down one step at a time. When the top end of the Slinky is dropped,

title: Slinky

text: ninety minutes. In 1946, Slinky was introduced at the American Toy Fair. Richard James opened shop in Albany, New York, after developing a machine that could produce a Slinky within seconds. The toy was packaged in a black-lettered box, and advertising saturated America. James often appeared on television shows to promote Slinky. In 1952, the Slinky Dog debuted. Other Slinky toys introduced in the 1950s included the Slinky train Loco, the Slinky worm Suzie, and the Slinky Crazy Eyes, a pair of glasses that uses Slinkys over the eyeholes attached to plastic eyeballs. James Industries licensed the patent to several

title: Slinky

text: motion the period of oscillation of a dangling slinky is Where "T" is the time of the period of oscillation, "m" is the mass of the slinky and "k" is the spring constant of the slinky. In the state of equilibrium of a slinky, all net force is cancelled throughout the entire slinky. This results in a stationary slinky with zero velocity. As the positions of each part of the slinky is governed by the slinky's mass, the force of gravity and the spring constant, various other properties of the slinky may be induced. The length of an idealized slinky

title: Slinky

text: on her patent for the Slinky pull-toy idea, but never visited the plant. In 1995 the Slinky Dog was redesigned for all of Pixar’s "Toy Story". James Industries had discontinued their Slinky Dog a few years previously. Betty James approved of the new Slinky Dog, telling the press, "The earlier Slinky Dog wasn’t nearly as cute as this one." The molds used in manufacturing the new toy created problems for James Industries, so the plastic front and rear ends were manufactured in China with James Industries doing the assembly and packaging. The entire run of 825,000 redesigned Slinky Dogs sold

title: Slinky

text: a Slinky postage stamp. The Slinky was inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame in 2000 in their Celebrate the Century stamp series. A bill to nominate the slinky as the state toy of Pennsylvania was introduced by Richard Geist in 2001 but not enacted. The same year, Betty James was inducted into the Toy Industry Association's Hall of Fame. In 2003, Slinky was named to the Toy Industry Association's "Century of Toys List", a roll call of the 100 most memorable and most creative toys of the twentieth century. High school teachers and college professors have used Slinkys

title: Slinky

text: extended under its own weight, assuming the fully compressed length is negligible, is Where "L" is the length of the slinky, "W" is the weight of the slinky, and "k" is the spring constant of the slinky. Due to the effect of gravity, the slinky appears bunched up towards the bottom end, as governed by the equation Where "n" is a dimensionless variable, 0 ≤ "n" ≤ 1, with "n" = 0 corresponding to the top of the slinky and "n" = 1 being the bottom. Each intermediate value of "n" corresponds to the proportion of the slinky's mass above

title: Slinky

text: is sung in full by Emile Hirsch, and is sung by Eddie Murphy as part of the final routine in the stand-up comedy film "Eddie Murphy Raw". Early in the history of James Industries, Helen (Herrick) Malsed of Washington State sent the company a letter and drawings for developing Slinky pull-toys. The company liked her ideas, and Slinky Dog and Slinky Train were added to the company's product line. Slinky Dog, a small plastic dog whose front and rear ends were joined by a metal Slinky, debuted in 1952. Malsed received royalties of $60,000 to $70,000 annually for 17 years

title: Slinky Wizard

text: Slinky Wizard Slinky Wizard was a Goa trance musical group from the UK. Musicians included Adam Boyd (1967–1994), Dominic Lamb, George Barker, Ronnie Biggs, and Gus Till. Adam Boyd and Dominic Lamb wrote Slinky Wizard’s first track titled "The Rising" in 1992. Soon after George Barker and Ronnie Biggs joined the group. With help from Simon Posford they produced Flying Rhino Records' first release, the "Slinky Wizard" EP. Adam Boyd died in an accident in the summer of 1994. In early 1996 Gus Till joined the group. Slinky Wizard has not produced any music since 2001. Over the years, Slinky

title: Slinky

text: 1998 James Industries was sold to Poof Products, Inc. of Plymouth, Michigan, a manufacturer of foam sports balls. Slinky continued production in Hollidaysburg. In 2003, James Industries merged with Poof Products, Inc., to create Poof-Slinky, Inc. Betty James died of congestive heart failure in November 2008, age 90, after having served as president of James Industries from 1960 to 1998. Over 300 million Slinkys have been sold between 1945 and 2005, and the original Slinky is still a bestseller. The rules that govern the mechanics of a slinky are Hooke's law and the effects of gravitation. Due to simple harmonic

title: Slinky

text: in 1974. The company and its product line expanded under Betty James’s leadership. In 1995, she explained the toy's success to the Associated Press by saying, "It's the simplicity of it." Betty James insisted upon keeping the original Slinky affordable. In 1996, when the price ranged from $1.89 to $2.69, she told "The New York Times": “So many children can’t have expensive toys, and I feel a real obligation to them. I’m appalled when I go Christmas shopping and $60 to $80 for a toy is nothing.” In 2008, Slinkys cost $4 to $5, and Slinky Dogs about $20. In

title: Slinky

text: collapsing. With a US$500 loan, the couple formed James Industries (originally James Spring & Wire Company), had 400 Slinky units made by a local machine shop, hand-wrapped each in yellow paper, and priced them at $1 a piece. Each was 2" tall, and included 98 coils of high-grade blue-black Swedish steel. The Jameses had difficulty selling Slinky to toy stores but, in November 1945, they were granted permission to set up an inclined plane in the toy section of Gimbels department store in Philadelphia to demonstrate the toy. Slinky was a hit, and the first 400 units were sold within

title: Slinky

text: the information of the tension change must propagate to the bottom end before both sides begin to fall; the top of an extended Slinky will drop while the bottom initially remains in its original position, compressing the spring. This creates a suspension time of ~0.3 s for an original Slinky, but has potential to create a much larger suspension time. A suspended Slinky's center of mass is accelerating downward at 16 feet per second (i.e. g); when released - the lower portion moves up toward the top portion with an equivalent, constant upward acceleration as the tension is relieved. As

title: Slinky

text: many paid much more due to price increases of spring steel throughout the state of Pennsylvania; it has, however, remained modestly priced throughout its history as a result of Betty James' concern about the toy's affordability for poor customers. Slinky has been used other than as a toy in the playroom: it has appeared in the classroom as a teaching tool, in wartime as a radio antenna, and in physics experiments with NASA. Slinky was inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame at The Strong in Rochester, New York, in 2000. In 2002, Slinky became Pennsylvania's official state toy,

title: Slinky Wizard

text: Wizard has been joined by Simon Posford, James Monro, Dick Trevor, Matt Evans, and Jules Evans. Slinky Wizard Slinky Wizard was a Goa trance musical group from the UK. Musicians included Adam Boyd (1967–1994), Dominic Lamb, George Barker, Ronnie Biggs, and Gus Till. Adam Boyd and Dominic Lamb wrote Slinky Wizard’s first track titled "The Rising" in 1992. Soon after George Barker and Ronnie Biggs joined the group. With help from Simon Posford they produced Flying Rhino Records' first release, the "Slinky Wizard" EP. Adam Boyd died in an accident in the summer of 1994. In early 1996 Gus Till

title: Slinky Dog Zigzag Spin

text: bones and Andy's baseball. It builds up enough speed to provide a mild, fun thrill which, combined by the quick rise and descent, actually provides a ride not too dissimilar to Dumbo the Flying Elephant. The layout takes advantage of the land's sloping elevation to provide perhaps the most convincing feeling of being shrunk, especially when standing at the foot of the ride, its enormous box towering above, surrounded by oversized grass. Slinky Dog Zigzag Spin Slinky Dog Zigzag Spin (also known as Slinky Dog Spin) is a Caterpillar-style ride at Walt Disney Studios Park in France, Hong Kong Disneyland

title: Slinky Dog Dash

text: Slinky Dog Dash Slinky Dog Dash is a roller coaster attraction located within Toy Story Land at Disney's Hollywood Studios. It opened on June 30, 2018. Slinky Dog Dash is one of two new rides in Toy Story Land at Disney's Hollywood Studios, the other being Alien Swirling Saucers. The story of the ride is that Andy has built a roller coaster using his "Dash & Dodge Mega Coaster Kit" and decided to use Slinky Dog as the ride vehicle. The ride can accommodate up to four trains at a time. This attraction concludes with a performance by the first

title: Slinky Thing

text: about older men seeking relationships with younger women. Slinky Thing "Slinky Thing" is a song by Donald Fagen, appearing as the first track from his album, "Sunken Condos." Telling the story of an older man seeking the affection and companionship of a significantly younger woman, the song details the events surrounding the two as they spend time together and endure comments made by others, who advise the narrator to "hold on to that slinky thing." The narrator himself thinks about if "she (the younger woman) needs somebody who's closer to her own age." The song draws similarities with the Steely

title: Slinky Thing

text: Slinky Thing "Slinky Thing" is a song by Donald Fagen, appearing as the first track from his album, "Sunken Condos." Telling the story of an older man seeking the affection and companionship of a significantly younger woman, the song details the events surrounding the two as they spend time together and endure comments made by others, who advise the narrator to "hold on to that slinky thing." The narrator himself thinks about if "she (the younger woman) needs somebody who's closer to her own age." The song draws similarities with the Steely Dan songs Hey Nineteen and Janie Runaway, also

title: Slinky

text: However, as it came off the assembly line, according to his children, it looked more like a "Slinky." He worked at it until it came out perfectly and then went to Betty James with his prototype. Reum manufactured the Plastic Slinky for Betty James for several years. Eventually Betty James decided to manufacture the product exclusively through James manufacturing, effectively ending the production of the toy by the small Minnesota company. Reum’s patent number, 4120929 was filed on Dec 28, 1976 and issued by the US Patent Office on Oct 17, 1978. In 1999, the United States Postal Service issued

title: Slinky

text: garde work called "Sounds of Venice" scored for (among other things) a piano, a slab of marble and Venetian broom, a birdcage of canaries, and an amplified Slinky. In 1985 in conjunction with the Johnson Space Center and the Houston Museum of Natural Science, Discovery astronauts created a video demonstrating how familiar toys behave in space. "It won't slink at all," Dr. M. Rhea Seddon said of Slinky, "It sort of droops." The video was prepared to stimulate interest in school children about the basic principles of physics and the phenomenon of weightlessness. In 1992, the Bishop Museum in Honolulu,

title: Slinky Dog Dash

text: ever audio-animatronic of Wheezy the Penguin who serenades guests at the Big Finale on the final brake run. Wheezy's singing voice on the ride was voiced by actor Sean Kenin, impersonating the late Robert Goulet. Slinky Dog Dash Slinky Dog Dash is a roller coaster attraction located within Toy Story Land at Disney's Hollywood Studios. It opened on June 30, 2018. Slinky Dog Dash is one of two new rides in Toy Story Land at Disney's Hollywood Studios, the other being Alien Swirling Saucers. The story of the ride is that Andy has built a roller coaster using his "Dash

title: Slinky

text: to simulate the properties of waves, United States troops in the Vietnam War used them as mobile radio antennas (as have amateur radio operators), and NASA has used them in zero-gravity physics experiments in the Space Shuttle. Slinkys and similar springs can be used to create a 'laser gun' like sound effect. This is done by holding up a slinky in the air and striking one end, resulting in a metallic tone which sharply lowers in pitch. The effect can be amplified by attaching a plastic cup to one end of the Slinky. In 1959, John Cage composed an avant

title: Slinky Dog Zigzag Spin

text: Slinky Dog Zigzag Spin Slinky Dog Zigzag Spin (also known as Slinky Dog Spin) is a Caterpillar-style ride at Walt Disney Studios Park in France, Hong Kong Disneyland and Shanghai Disneyland Park. The ride is part of the Toy Story Playland in France, and Toy Story Land in Hong Kong and Shanghai. The France ride opened on August 17, 2010, with the Hong Kong installation opening on November 17, 2011 and the Shanghai ride opened on April 26, 2018. At the heart of Toy Story Playland is the land's oldest character toy: an authentic "Collector's Edition" Slinky Dog, complete with

title: Slinky Pictures

text: its final film Bad Night for the Blues Slinky Pictures Slinky Pictures was a London based film and television production company. The company was created in 2000 by Maria Manton and Chris Shepherd and closed on its tenth anniversary in 2010. It animation and hybrid output included commercials, short films, pop promos and television shows. Directors include: Chris Shepherd, Lucy Izzard, Suzanne Deakin, Emily Skinner, Leigh Hodgkinson, Andy Ward, Rebecca Manley, Laura Heit and Joe King. Notable credits include animation for Monkey Dust, Nathan Barley and U2, and films such as Dad's Dead, Who I Am And What I Want,

title: Slinky Pictures

text: Slinky Pictures Slinky Pictures was a London based film and television production company. The company was created in 2000 by Maria Manton and Chris Shepherd and closed on its tenth anniversary in 2010. It animation and hybrid output included commercials, short films, pop promos and television shows. Directors include: Chris Shepherd, Lucy Izzard, Suzanne Deakin, Emily Skinner, Leigh Hodgkinson, Andy Ward, Rebecca Manley, Laura Heit and Joe King. Notable credits include animation for Monkey Dust, Nathan Barley and U2, and films such as Dad's Dead, Who I Am And What I Want, Silence Is Golden, Moo(n), The Lucky Dip and

title: Slinky

text: later recalled, "He came home and said, 'I think if I got the right property of steel and the right tension; I could make it walk.'" James experimented with different types of steel wire over the next year, and finally found a spring that would walk. Betty was dubious at first, but changed her mind after the toy was fine-tuned and neighborhood children expressed an excited interest in it. She dubbed the toy Slinky (meaning "sleek and graceful"), after finding the word in a dictionary, and deciding that the word aptly described the sound of a metal spring expanding and

title: Slinky

text: masses (which have approximately linear tension distributions), different mathematics would be needed to explain the phenomenon. The famous jingle for the Slinky television commercial was created in Columbia, South Carolina in 1962 with Johnny McCullough and Homer Fesperman writing the music and Charles Weagly penning the lyrics. It became the longest-running jingle in advertising history. The jingle has itself been parodied and referenced in popular culture. It is seen in the "Log" commercial on "The Ren & Stimpy Show" and sung by actor Jim Carrey in "". The song is also referenced in the movie "Lords of Dogtown", where it

title: Invented here

text: employees. One quotation that sums up the philosophy of "Invented Here" is "Gee, it can't be worth much if someone local thought of it first." Invented here Invented here is an opposite of "not invented here" and occurs when management of an organisation is uncomfortable with innovation or development conducted in-house. Reasons this might be the case are varied, and range from a lack of confidence in the staff within the organisation to a desire to have a third party to blame in the event that a project fails. One effect of this version of "invented here" is that detailed

title: Invented here

text: Invented here Invented here is an opposite of "not invented here" and occurs when management of an organisation is uncomfortable with innovation or development conducted in-house. Reasons this might be the case are varied, and range from a lack of confidence in the staff within the organisation to a desire to have a third party to blame in the event that a project fails. One effect of this version of "invented here" is that detailed knowledge of the innovation or development never passes to permanent employees, resulting in recurring additional expenditure and a lack of goodwill and bankable experience by

title: When I Was Young (song)

text: Named Sandoz" is named after the drug company that invented LSD. Later it was used for a German TV commercial. In the early 1980s Burdon began to mention many stars who died at the end of the song. When I Was Young (song) "When I Was Young" is a song with a countercultural theme released in early 1967 by Eric Burdon, with The Animals and was written by five of the band members Eric Burdon (vocals), Barry Jenkins (drums), John Weider (guitar/violin), Vic Briggs (guitar), and Danny McCulloch (bass). It charted in Australia peaking No. 2 and stayed 4 weeks

title: We Invented the Remix

text: album on sale or at a comparable price it's just not a good investment. The only thing P. Diddy "Invented" here was a mediocre album." We Invented the Remix We Invented the Remix is a remix album by P. Diddy and The Bad Boy Family, released on May 14, 2002. It features remixes of hit singles by artists from P. Diddy's Bad Boy Records record label. The album reached number one of the U.S. "Billboard" 200 albums chart for a week and was later certified Platinum for shipments of over one million copies. The album also reached number 17 on

title: The Man Who Invented Christmas (film)

text: The Man Who Invented Christmas (film) The Man Who Invented Christmas is a 2017 biographical drama film directed by Bharat Nalluri and written by Susan Coyne based on the book of the same name by Les Standiford. It stars Dan Stevens, Christopher Plummer, and Jonathan Pryce. The plot follows Charles Dickens (Stevens) at the time when he wrote "A Christmas Carol", and how Dickens' fictional character Ebenezer Scrooge (Plummer) was influenced by his real-life father, John Dickens (Pryce). It was released by Bleecker Street in the United States on 22 November 2017 and in the United Kingdom on 1 December

title: Invented (album)

text: think it's our best work so far. I have little complaints about it." On August 10, 2010, "My Best Theory" was released as a single, and released to radio on August 17. "Invented " was released on September 28 through Interscope Records. Upon release, "Invented" included four individual pictures, designed to look like instant camera photographs, outwith the album's standard CD artwork. "Coffee and Cigarettes" was released to radio on November 23. In May and June 2011, the group went on a headlining tour of the US. Following this, the group appeared at Glastonbury Festival in the UK. "Invented" received

title: Invented (album)

title: We Invented the Remix

text: We Invented the Remix We Invented the Remix is a remix album by P. Diddy and The Bad Boy Family, released on May 14, 2002. It features remixes of hit singles by artists from P. Diddy's Bad Boy Records record label. The album reached number one of the U.S. "Billboard" 200 albums chart for a week and was later certified Platinum for shipments of over one million copies. The album also reached number 17 on the UK Albums Chart. The album featured the hit singles "I Need a Girl (Part 1)", which reached number two in the U.S., and "I

title: Invented (album)

text: swallowed by impactful percussion that are engulfed by storm clouds of dynamic guitar work and melody." Kyle Ryan of "The A.V. Club" was also favorable in his review and gave the album a "B+" grade. He wrote, "songs boast huge-sounding guitars, like “Evidence,” “Invented,” and “My Best Theory,” whose thick fuzz recalls Smashing Pumpkins. But the seven-minute “Invented” spends more time exploring a sparser mood, as does the six-minute-plus closer, “Mixtape”. In the end, Jimmy Eat World strikes a balance between its basics (big guitars and catchy sing-alongs) and the musical growth of the past 16 years. "Invented" is less

title: Slinky Dog Zigzag Spin

text: original 1950s cardboard box. This powered roller coaster is the tamest attraction in the land, simply offering a continuous, circular ride up and down a relatively gentle incline. Aimed primarily at a younger age group, it nevertheless provides enough fun and kitsch design to be appreciated by a wide demographic of visitors. Entering a queue line formed out of Lincoln Logs building blocks, you eventually step inside the giant box itself, which even has a retro-styled boardgame printed on its inside. The giant Slinky Dog train is connected end-to-end, travelling in a loop around a dog bowl filled with rubber

title: Invented (album)

text: Invented (album) Invented is the seventh studio album by American rock band Jimmy Eat World, released on September 28, 2010 through Interscope Records. Recorded primarily at the band's home-based studio, the album was co-produced by Mark Trombino, who had previously worked on the band's earlier material; "Static Prevails" (1996), "Clarity" (1999) and "Bleed American" (2001). The album was preceded by the single "My Best Theory", released on digital download on August 10, 2010. Lyrically influenced by the photographic works of Cindy Sherman and Hannah Starkey, vocalist, guitarist and lyricist Jim Adkins states that each song is its own "closed narrative,"

title: Not invented here

text: series of projects to update the GNOME desktop in the early 2000s. The similar term "Invented Here, But Let's Reinvent It Anyway" (IHBLRIA) was coined by Alex Papadimoulis in an article for The Daily WTF in 2004. Not invented here Not invented here (NIH) is a stance adopted by social, corporate, or institutional cultures that avoid using or buying already existing products, research, standards, or knowledge because of their external origins and costs, such as royalties. Research illustrates a strong bias against ideas from the outside. The reasons for not wanting to use the work of others are varied, but

title: I Invented Sex

text: Invented Sex" was sung at the 2010 BET Honors on February 1, 2010. He performed the song once again on "106 & Park" on February 11, 2010 for "Love Week" with a medley of "Neighbors Know My Name", and "Say Aah". He again performed it in March 2010 at MTV's Spring Break 2010, in Acapulco, Mexico. Keri Hilson and Usher joined Songz to perform the official remix at WHTA's Jingle Ball in December 2009. Source I Invented Sex "I Invented Sex" is a song by American R&B singer Trey Songz, and features Canadian recording artist Drake. Together, they wrote the

title: I Invented Sex

text: I Invented Sex "I Invented Sex" is a song by American R&B singer Trey Songz, and features Canadian recording artist Drake. Together, they wrote the song alongside Tony Scales and its producer, Los Da Mystro. It was released to urban airplay as the third single from Songz's third studio album "Ready" on October 13, 2009. The song features a sensual message, accompanied by heavy percussion. "I Invented Sex" received positive reviews, and reached number forty-two on the "Billboard" Hot 100, and became Songz's first song to top the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. Its official remix features fellow R&B singers Keri

title: I Invented Sex

text: Hilson and Usher. The accompanying music video, containing a parental advisory warning, is the follow-up to the "Say Aah" video. When speaking about the record with "MTV News", Songz said, "It's a groove record. It's got that knock at the same time. It's sexy at the same time. Conceptually, it's mind-blowing to tell a woman, 'You gonna think we invented sex when we're done.' That's where I am." The song was recorded at 11th Street Studios in Atlanta, Georgia. The official remix of the song features fellow American R&B singers Usher and Keri Hilson. Another remix features Willie Taylor of

title: The Man Who Invented Christmas (film)

text: with an average rating of 6.3/10. The website's critical consensus reads, ""The Man Who Invented Christmas" adds holiday magic to the writing of "A Christmas Carol", putting a sweetly revisionist spin on the story behind a classic yuletide tale." On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, the film has a weighted average score 60 out of 100, based 32 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". The Man Who Invented Christmas (film) The Man Who Invented Christmas is a 2017 biographical drama film directed by Bharat Nalluri and written by Susan Coyne based on the book of the same

title: How the Scots Invented the Modern World

text: How the Scots Invented the Modern World How the Scots Invented the Modern World: The True Story of How Western Europe's Poorest Nation Created Our World & Everything in It (or "The Scottish Enlightenment: The Scots invention of the Modern World") is a non-fiction book written by American historian Arthur Herman. The book examines the origins of the Scottish Enlightenment and what impact it had on the modern world. Herman focuses principally on individuals, presenting their biographies in the context of their individual fields and also in terms of the theme of Scottish contributions to the world. The book was

title: Invented tradition

text: traditions.' But where does his 'adaptability', or his colleague Ranger's 'flexibility' end, and invention begin? Given that all traditions change, is it possible or useful to attempt to discriminate the 'genuine' antiques from the fakes?" Another also praised the high quality of the articles but had qualifications. "Such distinctions" (between invented and authentic traditions) "resolve themselves ultimately into one between the genuine and the spurious, a distinction that may be untenable because all traditions (like all symbolic phenomena) are humanly created ("spurious") rather than naturally given ("genuine")." Invented tradition The invention of tradition is a concept made prominent in the

title: Invented tradition

text: Invented tradition The invention of tradition is a concept made prominent in the eponymous 1983 book edited by British Marxist intellectual E. J. Hobsbawm and T. O. Ranger. In their Introduction the editors argue that many "traditions" which "appear or claim to be old are often quite recent in origin and sometimes invented." They distinguish the "invention" of traditions in this sense from "starting" or "initiating" a tradition which does not then claim to be old. The phenomenon is particularly clear in the modern development of the nation and of nationalism, creating a national identity promoting national unity, and legitimising

title: Invented (album)

text: slowly uncurl themselves over the course of a few days and before you know it, it feels like Jimmy Eat World never went away." Sputnikmusic staff writer Mike Stagno awarded the album a "great" 3½ out of five grading. He explained that, ""Invented" reins in Jimmy Eat World after "Chase This Light". It still possesses the same inviting, feel-good sentiment, but it's expressed more personably, and in this regard it makes for a very rewarding listen." British rock magazine "Kerrang!" awarded an "excellent" four K! score and opined, ""Invented" is a return to the creative peaks of yore. It's a

title: Invented (album)

text: a bit by the numbers." Jonathan Keefe of "Slant" magazine gave the album two-and-a-half out of five stars and bemoaned its mastering, stating, "Unfortunately, "Invented" is yet another album to have lost the so-called loudness war. Every element of the album, from the lead guitars right down to the female harmony vocals on the title track, is pitched to be as loud as everything else, and the result is suffocating." Ash Dosanjh of "NME" said that the album "certainly doesn't veer very far from their past emotional sensibilities." Released to favourable reviews, "Invented" sold 34,594 units in the United States

title: I Invented Sex

text: it. The video carries a parental advisory warning. A combination video was released for the clips of "I Invented Sex" and "Say Aah", as they were later released separately. Songz confirmed to "MTV News" that the previous would be a continuation of the latter. On the "I Invented Sex" clip, Songz said, "It's very sensual. The idea I had, it came from a banned Calvin Klein ad. It was a dude and two girls and they was touching and kissing. I was like, 'Man, I wanna do that.' We didn't go all the way there. I didn't have two girls

title: When the War Was On

text: with "Everybody Help the Boys Come Home" (1927) by William and Versey Smith, husband and wife. The other side of that record by the Smiths is "When That Great Ship Went Down", which relates to the sinking of RMS "Titanic". Johnson recorded his only other song on a temporal subject, "God Moves on the Water" (about the "Titanic" disaster), on the same day as he recorded "When the War Was On". It therefore seems likely that he knew that record. When the War Was On "When the War Was On" is a call and response blues song recorded in 1929

title: How the Scots Invented the Modern World

text: formation of the Ku Klux Klan. The reviewer for "The National Interest" noted that Herman's study falls short of explaining why the Scottish Enlightenment ended and why "Scotland had declined into a backwater by the end of the 19th century". How the Scots Invented the Modern World How the Scots Invented the Modern World: The True Story of How Western Europe's Poorest Nation Created Our World & Everything in It (or "The Scottish Enlightenment: The Scots invention of the Modern World") is a non-fiction book written by American historian Arthur Herman. The book examines the origins of the Scottish Enlightenment

title: When the Emperor was Divine

text: conclusion, the earlier pages testify to the author's lyric gifts and narrative poise". Sylvia Santiago of "Herizons" magazine described Otsuka's writing style as "scrupulously unsentimental", thus "creating a contrast to the sensitive subject matter". "" said the novel was "a meditation on what it means to be loyal to one's country and to one's self, and on the cost and the necessity of remaining brave and human". "When the Emperor was Divine" won the American Library Association's Alex Award in 2003 and also won an Asian American Literary Award. When the Emperor was Divine When the Emperor was Divine is

title: When the Emperor was Divine

text: When the Emperor was Divine When the Emperor was Divine is a historical fiction novel written by American author Julie Otsuka about a Japanese American family sent to an internment camp in the Utah desert during World War II. The novel, loosely based on the wartime experiences of Otsuka's mother's family, is written through the perspective of four family members, detailing their eviction from California and their time in camp. It is Otsuka's debut novel, and was published in the United States in 2002 by Alfred A. Knopf. In "When the Emperor was Divine," Author Julie Otsuka gives a fictional

title: We Invented the Remix

text: Need a Girl (Part 2)", which reached number four, a rare occurrence of both parts of the same song both becoming big hits. This was the last album Bad Boy would release under the Arista Records label. Jason Birchmeier of AllMusic praised the album for crafting a collection of top-notch producers and guest artists to create sure-fire hits that are better than those from "The Saga Continues...", concluding that "As a result, "We Invented the Remix" confirms Combs' return to the top of the urban music world after a few years of struggle." Wise Q of HipHopDX also praised the

title: When Was the Last Time

text: When Was the Last Time When Was the Last Time is the seventh studio album and fifth in the country genre by American country music singer Darius Rucker. It was released on Capitol Records Nashville on October 20, 2017. "If I Told You" was released as the album's lead single on July 5, 2016. It reached No. 1 on the "Billboard" Country Airplay chart dated June 24, 2017, becoming his first No. 1 since "Wagon Wheel" in 2013. The album's second single, "For the First Time," was released on July 24, 2017. It reached number one on the "Billboard" Country

title: When Radio Was

text: the radio programs, usually mentioning such facts as their original airdates (when available) and incidental trivia. "When Radio Was" re-airs a wide variety of old time radio shows, typically pairing a drama and comedy, but the most frequent programs are noted below: When Radio Was When Radio Was is a syndicated radio program that re-airs old-time radio programs. The series began as a local program in Chicago, hosted by Carl Amari, who was the founder of Radio Spirits, Inc., which sells tapes and CDs of old time radio programs. Former CBS Radio executive Dick Brescia heard an in-flight version of

title: When Was the Last Time

text: the album charted at No. 8 on the US "Billboard" 200, which is Rucker fifth top 10 album on the chart. It also debuted at No. 2 on the Top Country Albums chart, with 30,000 copies sold in the first week, 34,000 units, including track sales and streams. In its second week, it sold a further 9,300 copies. It has sold 118,100 copies in the United States as of October 2018. Credits by AllMusic When Was the Last Time When Was the Last Time is the seventh studio album and fifth in the country genre by American country music singer

title: When the War Was On

text: When the War Was On "When the War Was On" is a call and response blues song recorded in 1929 by Blind Willie Johnson and Willie B. Harris, who is thought to have been his first wife. Johnson plays bottleneck guitar, and sings throughout in his 'growl' (false bass) voice; Harris sings soprano. The war referred to is World War I (191418). The lyrics reference U.S. President Wilson (191321) and the German Kaiser; the United States entered the war in 1917. Unusually for Johnson, the song deals with a temporal rather than a spiritual subject. It shares tune and lyrics

title: I Invented Sex

text: just the thing to boost the already-substantial sales of Songz' third album." In the song's remix, Songz makes references to Tiger Woods, as he also refers to "going in like a Lil Wayne-Drake song." "DJBooth" said that Songz sings alongside, "Usher, who basically invented the modern sexual r&b blueprint that Songz is following, and Hilson, who more than holds her own alongside the boys with some scintillating vocals and hilarious 'soldier at attention' sexual entendres." The review goes on to state, "These three may not have invented sex, but they sure make listening to music while having sex more enjoyable."

title: Not invented here

text: Not invented here Not invented here (NIH) is a stance adopted by social, corporate, or institutional cultures that avoid using or buying already existing products, research, standards, or knowledge because of their external origins and costs, such as royalties. Research illustrates a strong bias against ideas from the outside. The reasons for not wanting to use the work of others are varied, but some can include a desire to support a local economy instead of paying royalties to a foreign license-holder, fear of patent infringement, lack of understanding of the foreign work, an unwillingness to acknowledge or value the work

title: When Radio Was

text: When Radio Was When Radio Was is a syndicated radio program that re-airs old-time radio programs. The series began as a local program in Chicago, hosted by Carl Amari, who was the founder of Radio Spirits, Inc., which sells tapes and CDs of old time radio programs. Former CBS Radio executive Dick Brescia heard an in-flight version of the program, and soon mounted a nationally syndicated version of the show (through Dick Brescia Associates), beginning Jan. 1, 1990 and hosted by Art Fleming. (Amari continued to do the local Chicago version until shortly after selling Radio Spirits to MediaBay.) The

title: When Was That?

text: When Was That? When Was That? is an album by Henry Threadgill released on the About Time label in 1982. The album and features five of Threadgill's compositions performed by Threadgill with Craig Harris, Olu Dara, Fred Hopkins, Brian Smith, Pheeroan akLaff and John Betsch. The Allmusic review by Thom Jurek states, "Threadgill's main thrust was to create a series of modal environments whereby all instrumentalists would engage with one another in the framework of a particular tune, yet play different roles as the ensemble went on its way through the record... Ultimately, however, this band swung together, no matter

title: When Radio Was

text: name Radio Spirits). As of 2011, "When Radio Was" appears on over 200 stations in the U.S., as well as one Canadian station, CHPQ-FM in Parksville, British Columbia. The program is also carried on the Radio Classics channel on Sirius XM Satellite Radio and streamed on the Internet. Radio America currently handles syndication of "When Radio Was" on behalf of Radio Spirits. Art Fleming continued to host the nationally syndicated version until shortly before his death from cancer in 1995. Satirist Stan Freberg, then writing and hosting "Stan Freberg Here", a syndicated daily commentary for Brescia, replaced Fleming. Freberg continued

title: When Was That?

text: how far out the proceedings got. They always returned to Threadgill's magically inherent lyricism and humor in the end, and each and every track here bears that out. This is a nearly mystical album in the life of this band". "All compositions by Henry Threadgill" Recorded at Sound Ideas, New York City on September 30 and October 1, 1981 When Was That? When Was That? is an album by Henry Threadgill released on the About Time label in 1982. The album and features five of Threadgill's compositions performed by Threadgill with Craig Harris, Olu Dara, Fred Hopkins, Brian Smith, Pheeroan

title: Invented tradition

text: certain institutions or cultural practices. The concept and the term have been widely applied to cultural phenomena such as the Bible and Zionism, the martial arts of Japan, the "highland myth" in Scotland, and the traditions of major religions, to mention only a few. The concept was influential on the use of related concepts, such as Benedict Anderson's imagined communities and the pizza effect. One implication of the term is that the sharp distinction between "tradition" and "modernity" is often itself invented. The concept is "highly relevant to that comparatively recent historical innovation, the 'nation,' with its associated phenomena: nationalism,

title: How the Scots Invented the Modern World

text: just accept this extraordinary compliment graciously." It was likely influenced by Thomas Cahill's "How the Irish Saved Civilization" and the result of a marketing strategy. Several reviewers found that Herman was successful in proving that Scots did have a disproportionate impact on modernity. Herman continued this type of theme with his next book, "To Rule the Waves: How the British Navy Shaped the Modern World", published in 2004. Critics found the book well-written and scholarly but with an over-reaching thesis. The reviewer for the "National Review" defended Herman's use of the word "invented", writing that it has "an older meaning:

title: And When the Sky Was Opened

text: episode is loosely based on the short story "Disappearing Act" by Richard Matheson. The story was first published in "The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction" (March 1953). Rod Taylor and director Douglas Heyes later worked together on the TV series "Bearcats!". And When the Sky Was Opened "And When the Sky Was Opened" is episode eleven of the American television anthology series "The Twilight Zone". It originally aired on December 11, 1959. It is an adaptation of the Richard Matheson short story "Disappearing Act". United States Air Force Colonel Clegg Forbes arrives at a military hospital to visit his

title: How the Scots Invented the Modern World

text: 80 weeks on "The Globe and Mail" bestseller list, peaking at #1. The British version re-titled the book "The Scottish Enlightenment: The Scots invention of the Modern World" and released in the UK market by Fourth Estate, a HarperCollins imprint. It was long-listed by the 2002 Samuel Johnson Prize for Non-Fiction. Regarding the title and thesis, that the people of Scotland invented the modern world, nearly every reviewer commented on it, some calling it "provocative", a "hyperbole", "absurd" and "pandering to prejudice". In "The Scotsman", Graham Leicester writes that the "overblown rhetoric invites a sceptical reaction. But I suggest we

title: And When the Sky Was Opened

text: And When the Sky Was Opened "And When the Sky Was Opened" is episode eleven of the American television anthology series "The Twilight Zone". It originally aired on December 11, 1959. It is an adaptation of the Richard Matheson short story "Disappearing Act". United States Air Force Colonel Clegg Forbes arrives at a military hospital to visit his friend and co-pilot Major William Gart. The two had recently piloted an experimental spaceplane, the X-20 DynaSoar, on a mission that took them 900 miles beyond the confines of the Earth's atmosphere for the first time. During their voyage the men blacked

title: When She Was Bad

text: scored a higher 3.1 million household rating. Noel Murray of "The A.V. Club" gave "When She Was Bad" a mixed review. While he praised the opening and closing scenes as well as other smaller moments, he felt that it dealt with the characters' emotions "erratically" and was not positive towards Buffy's attitude and carrying over the Master plotline. A review from the BBC called "When She Was Bad" "another excellent episode", praising its tying up plot threads from the first season and developing the relationships between characters. When She Was Bad "When She Was Bad" is the first episode in

title: When It Was Dark

text: regarding the Christian record as a fable, then you quit with something like adequate thanksgiving, and thank God it is light because of the awful darkness when it was dark." "When It Was Dark" has been criticised for its stereotyping of Jews and their portrayal as intent on destroying what Thorne viewed as the most valuable element of British life - the Christian faith and the spiritual values associated with it. Other critics have also labeled the book as anti-Semitic. In 1919 the novel was made into a silent film "When It Was Dark" directed by Arrigo Bocchi. When It

title: When It Was Now

text: its lyrical lightheadedness isn't too much of a problem." Heather Phares from "AllMusic" said "When It Was Now is a solid debut that proves Trojans wasn't a fluke." However, Nick Freed from "Consequence of Sound" said "As it is, When It Was Now has three great songs, four decent, and four forgettable." When It Was Now When It Was Now is the debut studio album by Australian alternative rock band Atlas Genius, released on 19 February 2013 by Warner Bros. Records. The album peaked at No. 34 on Billboard 200. It also reached No. 10 on the Top Alternative Albums

title: When I Was 17

text: When I Was 17 When I Was 17 was an MTV television show. It featured celebrities of today and looked back on "when they were 17". The show featured photos as well as interviews with family and friends. Some past celebrities on the show include Kelly Rowland, Queen Latifah, Donald Trump, Khloé Kardashian, Drake, singer Trey Songz and internet star Perez Hilton. The show talked about events that lead to their present-day career. Other topics included high school and, if applicable, college, love interests, uh-oh moments, traveling, fashion, and adventures. "When I Was 17" aired Saturdays at 11/10c A.M. Sibling

title: The Way We Was

text: Wiseguy, Artie, Rainier Wolfcastle (as the fictional action hero McBain), Principal Dondelinger, and Marge’s father. Artie's appearance and body language is based on a man Silverman went to high school with named Mark Eisenberg. Silverman said that when he directed the episode, he went through his high school yearbook for character ideas and designs, because Silverman went to high school in the period that the episode is parodying. Wolfcastle's voice and design was based on actor Arnold Schwarzenegger. The writers actually invented Wolfcastle for the episode "Oh Brother, Where Art Thou?", before "The Way We Was" went into production, but

title: Invented tradition

text: the nation-state, national symbols, histories, and the rest." Hobsbawm and Ranger remark on the "curious but understandable paradox: modern nations and all their impedimenta generally claim to be the opposite of novel, namely rooted in remotest antiquity, and the opposite of constructed, namely human communities so 'natural' as to require no definition other than self-assertion." Another implication is that the concept of "authenticity" is also to be questioned. One reviewer noted that the "'invention of tradition' is a splendidly subversive phrase," but it "hides serious ambiguities." Hobsbawm "contrasts invented traditions with what he calls 'the strength and adaptability of genuine

title: Invented (album)

text: of distortion." Joshua Khan of "Blare" magazine awarded a positive four stars out of five in his article about the album; ""Invented" proves age is simply a number that doesn’t force a group to falter but instead reinvents nostalgic butterflies and shapes an acoustic ballad destined to be the next stand-in-the-rain love plea." Ben Patashnik of "Rock Sound" awarded the album a score of eight out of ten. He did note the "varnished" production, making it "hard to fall in love with until repeated listens unleash its true charms." However, he also added, "‘Coffee And Cigarettes’ and the title track

title: Invented (album)

text: remarking that, "the album title, "Invented", refers to a song which I feel sums up the mood here, but could also be taken more literally as this album is the deepest into character writing we have tried so far." Jimmy Eat World first announced that they were working on their follow up to "Chase This Light" in June 2008. At around this time, Adkins began "randomly looking at photographs by people like Cindy Sherman and trying to take ten-fifteen minutes and write down everything that came to mind about the image and the character. Later on in the day I

title: Invented (album)

text: record rich with twinkling sonic subtleties, timeless melodies and characteristically layered, epic tunes." Other reviews were less receptive. In particular Andrew Leahey of Allmusic only awarded the album 2½ stars out of five and critiqued, ""Invented", as tuneful as it may be, still plays an odd role in Jimmy Eat World’s discography, since it can’t quite figure out how to transcend a genre - one that Jimmy Eat World helped invent." "Spin" magazine writer Mikael Wood awarded the album a lukewarm six out of ten and wrote that, "even the amped-up standouts (like "Coffee and Cigarettes") are beginning to feel

title: When She Was Mine

text: When She Was Mine "When She Was Mine" is the debut single released by British pop rock band Lawson, via Polydor Records. The single was released in the United Kingdom on 27 May 2012, as the lead single from their debut studio album, "Chapman Square" (2012), and reached #4 on the UK Singles Chart. A music video to accompany the release of "When She Was Mine" was released on 11 April. Directed by Declan Whitebloom at a total length of three minutes and forty-seven seconds. The video features the band performing the track in a high-rise building, looking out onto

title: When She Was Mine

text: Nothing left of me," he confesses of his loss, before bursting into an ear-snagging chorus. Fortunately, we suspect the silver lining of this particular cloud is just about to shine. . When She Was Mine "When She Was Mine" is the debut single released by British pop rock band Lawson, via Polydor Records. The single was released in the United Kingdom on 27 May 2012, as the lead single from their debut studio album, "Chapman Square" (2012), and reached #4 on the UK Singles Chart. A music video to accompany the release of "When She Was Mine" was released on

title: When Radio Was

text: show was first syndicated by Dick Brescia Associates (1990–2003), and later Wilbur Entertainment (2003–2006), and Matrix Media, Inc. (2006–2007). In the summer of 2007, the series owner MediaBay announced the company would be going out of business in September of that year and the show was subsequently purchased in September by a group headed by Norton Herrick, former CEO of MediaBay, Inc. (the company that had purchased Radio Spirits, and thus "When Radio Was", back in 1999). The company has since changed ownership again in 2008, and is now owned by the former Radio Again (although the company retains the

title: When Radio Was

text: in the emcee role through the first week of October, 2006. For a brief period during the early Freberg years, the show's announcer was the legendary Fred Foy (of "The Lone Ranger" fame, who would introduce Stan with "Return with us now to those thrilling days of yesteryear, on "When Radio Was," with your host, Radio Hall-of-Famer Stan Freberg!") Veteran Chicago radio personality Chuck Schaden became the next host beginning with the October 9, 2006 episode, "A Salute to Stan Freberg". A recurring feature of this version was "Speaking of Radio...", featuring excerpts from Chuck's historic interviews with many of

title: When We Was Fab

text: When We Was Fab "When We Was Fab" is a song by English musician George Harrison, which he released on his 1987 album "Cloud Nine". It was also issued as the second single from the album, in January 1988. The lyrics serve as a nostalgic reflection by Harrison on the days of Beatlemania during the 1960s, when the Beatles were first referred to as "the Fab Four". Harrison co-wrote the song with Jeff Lynne, who also co-produced the track. The recording references the psychedelic sound that the Beatles had helped popularise in 1967, through its use of sitar, cello, and

title: When We Was Fab

text: and Ray Cooper. The video received six nominations at the 1988 MTV Video Music Awards, including best art director for Sid Bartholomew. When We Was Fab "When We Was Fab" is a song by English musician George Harrison, which he released on his 1987 album "Cloud Nine". It was also issued as the second single from the album, in January 1988. The lyrics serve as a nostalgic reflection by Harrison on the days of Beatlemania during the 1960s, when the Beatles were first referred to as "the Fab Four". Harrison co-wrote the song with Jeff Lynne, who also co-produced the

title: When It Was Dark

text: When It Was Dark When It Was Dark: The Story of a Great Conspiracy (1902) is a best selling Christian novel by English author Guy Thorne, in which a plot to destroy Christianity by falsely disproving the Resurrection of Jesus leads to moral disorder and chaos in the world until it is exposed as a fraud. The title is a reference to the bible verse John 20:1, "The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was yet dark, unto the sepulchre, and seeth the stone taken away from the sepulchre." (King James Bible), which describes the

title: When It Was Now

text: When It Was Now When It Was Now is the debut studio album by Australian alternative rock band Atlas Genius, released on 19 February 2013 by Warner Bros. Records. The album peaked at No. 34 on Billboard 200. It also reached No. 10 on the Top Alternative Albums chart. The only single from the album, "If So", reached No. 8 on the "Billboard" Alternative Songs chart. It has sold 79,000 copies in the United States as of August 2015. The band wrote, recorded and produced "When It Was Now" themselves at a studio they built in their hometown of Adelaide.

title: When Corruption Was King

text: as Operation Gambat (from "Gam"bling "At"torney). In March 2011, Paramount Pictures announced in "Variety" Mark Wahlberg's attachment to produce and possibly star in the movie adaptation of "When Corruption Was King," along with "Twilight Saga" producers Temple Hill. "Variety" reported that Frank Baldwin is adapting the script based on Robert Cooley's memoirs "about a southside Chicago lawyer who becomes the mob's most trusted attorney until, as a state witness, he brings the organization down." When Corruption Was King When Corruption Was King: How I Helped the Mob Rule Chicago, Then Brought the Outfit Down is a memoir written by Robert

title: When I Was 17

text: network MTV2 will pick-up the series on January 6, 2013. When I Was 17 When I Was 17 was an MTV television show. It featured celebrities of today and looked back on "when they were 17". The show featured photos as well as interviews with family and friends. Some past celebrities on the show include Kelly Rowland, Queen Latifah, Donald Trump, Khloé Kardashian, Drake, singer Trey Songz and internet star Perez Hilton. The show talked about events that lead to their present-day career. Other topics included high school and, if applicable, college, love interests, uh-oh moments, traveling, fashion, and adventures.

title: When Radio Was

text: the stars and "behind the scenes" people responsible for the classic shows (also a feature of Chuck's long-running "Those Were The Days"). It was at this time that the series expanded to seven shows per week (a format which continues with the Greg Bell version). Illinois native Greg Bell, host and programmer for Sirius XM's Radio Classics channel, became the fourth national host of the series as of October 8, 2007. The longtime "When Radio Was" theme music, titled "Swing and Sway", has been discontinued with the Bell series. In addition to opening and closing the show, the host introduces

title: When It Was Me

text: When It Was Me "When It Was Me" is Paula DeAnda's third single on her debut album "Paula DeAnda". Paula's pensive thoughts are expressed, nonetheless sung, about how her ex-boyfriend shows much affection to his new love, when that person used to be her. According to Paula, the way he treats his girlfriend is better than the way he treated her. Paula says throughout the first and second verses that she's not jealous, but overall she really is aware of the changes, and really wants what her ex-boyfriend is giving to the other girl. This song was co-written by Ne-Yo.

title: How the Scots Invented the Modern World

text: After Great Britain lost the American colonies, a second generation of Scottish intellectuals saved Britain from stagnation and reinforced a self-confidence that allowed the country to manage a world empire during the Victorian era. Scots in India, like James Mill, led the British idea of 'liberal' imperialism, that they had to take over indigenous cultures and run their society for their own good, the white-nationalist euphemism "the white man's burden". Herman claims that Sir Walter Scott invented the historical novel, giving modernity a "self-conscious antidote", and gave literature a "place as part of modern life". In science and industry Herman

title: When I Was Cool

text: the same year. When I Was Cool When I Was Cool: My Life at the Jack Kerouac School is Sam Kashner's autobiographical account of his experience as the first student at the Jack Kerouac School of Disembodied Poetics, which was founded by Allen Ginsberg and Anne Waldman in honor of their late friend, Jack Kerouac. As he describes in his book, Kashner was a disgruntled Long Island teenager in the 1970s who was obsessed with the poetry and prose of the Beat generation of the 1950s. Kashner's book provides a glimpse into the lives and creative processes of his teachers

title: When I Was Cool

text: When I Was Cool When I Was Cool: My Life at the Jack Kerouac School is Sam Kashner's autobiographical account of his experience as the first student at the Jack Kerouac School of Disembodied Poetics, which was founded by Allen Ginsberg and Anne Waldman in honor of their late friend, Jack Kerouac. As he describes in his book, Kashner was a disgruntled Long Island teenager in the 1970s who was obsessed with the poetry and prose of the Beat generation of the 1950s. Kashner's book provides a glimpse into the lives and creative processes of his teachers at the Jack