query: Where is your corpus callosum?

title: Corpus callosum

text: the time for interhemispheric communication as a macaque's. The fibrous bundle at which the corpus callosum appears, can and does increase to such an extent in humans that it encroaches upon and wedges apart the hippocampal structures. Corpus callosum The corpus callosum (Latin for "tough body"), also callosal commissure, is a wide, thick, nerve tract consisting of a flat bundle of commissural fibers, beneath the cerebral cortex in the brain. The corpus callosum is only found in placental mammals. It spans part of the longitudinal fissure, connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, enabling communication between them. It is the

title: Corpus callosum

text: Corpus callosum The corpus callosum (Latin for "tough body"), also callosal commissure, is a wide, thick, nerve tract consisting of a flat bundle of commissural fibers, beneath the cerebral cortex in the brain. The corpus callosum is only found in placental mammals. It spans part of the longitudinal fissure, connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, enabling communication between them. It is the largest white matter structure in the human brain, about ten centimetres in length and consisting of 200–300 million axonal projections. A number of separate nerve tracts, classed as subregions, of the corpus callosum connect different parts of

title: Corpus callosum

text: the corpus callosum, but not in the splenium. Other magnetic resonance morphometric study showed corpus callosum size correlates positively with verbal memory capacity and semantic coding test performance. Children with dyslexia tend to have smaller and less-developed corpus callosums than their nondyslexic counterparts. Musical training has shown to increase plasticity of the corpus callosum during a sensitive period of time in development, known as synaptogenesis. Synaptogenesis is the surge in the formation of new synapses in the brain. When this process is over, synaptic pruning begins. This pruning process strengthens synaptic connections that are habitually used and eliminates the ones

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: Agenesis of the corpus callosum Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a rare birth defect (congenital disorder) in which there is a complete or partial absence of the corpus callosum. It occurs when the corpus callosum, the band of white matter connecting the two hemispheres in the brain, fails to develop normally, typically during pregnancy. The fibers that would otherwise form the corpus callosum become longitudinally oriented along the ipsilateral ventricular wall and form structures called Probst bundles. In addition to agenesis of the corpus callosum, other callosal disorders include hypogenesis (partial agenesis, usually referring to the length), dysgenesis

title: Corpus callosum

text: a corpus callosotomy. This is usually reserved for cases in which complex or grand mal seizures are produced by an epileptogenic focus on one side of the brain, causing an interhemispheric electrical storm. The diagnostic work up for this procedure involves an electroencephalogram, MRI, PET scan, and evaluation by a specialized neurologist, neurosurgeon, psychiatrist, and neuroradiologist before surgery can be considered. The formation of the corpus callosum begins with the first midline crossing of pioneer axons around week 12 in the prenatal development of the human, or day 15 in the embryogenesis of the mouse. Agenesis of the corpus callosum

title: Corpus Callosum (2007 film)

text: color of the can. Nagy thought that hot pink was the most unnatural color of the spectrum, so Cross's constant consumption of the cola is intended to convey her mental status as robotic. The robots that Cross begins to hallucinate also reflect her resentment against the machine-like status society has relegated her to. Corpus Callosum (2007 film) Corpus Callosum is a 2007 film by Sarah Nagy and Bryan Felber. It debuted in the United States on December 13, 2007. It is named after the corpus callosum, a bundle of nerve fibers connecting the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

title: Corpus Callosum (2007 film)

text: Corpus Callosum (2007 film) Corpus Callosum is a 2007 film by Sarah Nagy and Bryan Felber. It debuted in the United States on December 13, 2007. It is named after the corpus callosum, a bundle of nerve fibers connecting the left and right hemispheres of the brain. The film follows Cross Carlton, a Los Angeles teenage millionaire with an extraordinary gift for investing in stocks. However, to Cross's dismay, this gift is abused by the press, her friends, and even her therapist. As this pressure continually erodes any of Cross's creative thoughts or attempts to the point of relegating her

title: Corpus callosum

text: computational neuroanatomy developed in the 1990s showed that sex differences were clear but confined to certain parts of the corpus callosum, and that they correlated with cognitive performance in certain tests. One recent study using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) found that the midsagittal corpus callosum cross-sectional area is, after controlling for brain size, on average, proportionately larger in females. Using diffusion tensor sequences on MRI machines, the rate at which molecules diffuse in and out of a specific area of tissue, anisotropy can be measured and used as an indirect measurement of anatomical connection strength. These sequences have found consistent

title: Corpus callosum

text: of the sensory-motor – purple, of the parietal – pink, of the temporal – yellow, and of the splenium – blue. Thinner axons in the genu connect the prefrontal cortex between the two halves of the brain; these fibres arise from a fork-like bundle of fibers from the tapetum, the forceps minor. Thicker axons in the trunk of the corpus callosum, interconnect areas of the motor cortex, with proportionately more of the corpus callosum dedicated to supplementary motor regions including Broca's area. The splenium, communicates somatosensory information between the two halves of the parietal lobe and the visual cortex at

title: Corpus Callosum (2007 film)

text:
from Agoura High School. Unconventional recording methods and instruments, such as the rhythmic sound of water droplets falling, were intended to give "Corpus" a spacey, surreal feeling. The Brain
 The symbol of the corpus callosum is represented in most shots involving Cross and Kyle, with Cross on the left and Kyle on the right, each representing their respective sides of the brain. The show "Rob Hathaway: Interactive Children's Programming" eventually addresses the corpus callosum in one of the episodes Cross watches later on in the film. Robots
 The recurring theme of TaB cola was conceived due to the hot pink

title: Corpus callosum

text: published an article in 1992 that suggested that, because the corpus is "often wider in the brains of women than in those of men, it may allow for greater cross-talk between the hemispheres—possibly the basis for women’s intuition." More recent publications in the psychology literature have raised doubt as to whether the anatomic size of the corpus is actually different. A meta-analysis of 49 studies since 1980 found that, contrary to de Lacoste-Utamsing and Holloway, no sex difference could be found in the size of the corpus callosum, whether or not account was taken of larger male brain size. A

title: Corpus callosum

text: was by R. B. Bean, a Philadelphia anatomist, who suggested in 1906 that "exceptional size of the corpus callosum may mean exceptional intellectual activity" and that there were measurable differences between men and women. Perhaps reflecting the political climate of the times, he went on to claim differences in the size of the callosum across different races. His research was ultimately refuted by Franklin Mall, the director of his own laboratory. Of more mainstream impact was a 1982 "Science" article by Holloway and Utamsing that suggested sex difference in human brain morphology, which related to differences in cognitive ability. "Time"

title: Corpus callosum

text: study in 2006 using thin slice MRI showed no difference in thickness of the corpus when accounting for the size of the subject. The corpus callosum is found only in placental mammals (the eutherians), while it is absent in monotremes and marsupials, as well as other vertebrates such as birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish. (Other groups do have other brain structures that allow for communication between the two hemispheres, such as the anterior commissure, which serves as the primary mode of interhemispheric communication in marsupials, and which carries all the commissural fibers arising from the neocortex (also known as the

title: Corpus callosum

text: lobes is called the genu ("knee"). The genu curves downward and backward in front of the septum pellucidum, diminishing greatly in thickness. The lower much thinner part is the rostrum and is connected below with the lamina terminalis, which stretches from the interventricular foramina to the recess at the base of the optic stalk. The rostrum is named for its resemblance to a bird's beak. The end part of the corpus callosum, towards the cerebellum, is called the splenium. This is the thickest part, and overlaps the tela choroidea of the third ventricle and the midbrain, and ends in a

title: Corpus callosum

text: (ACC) is a rare congenital disorder that is one of the most common brain malformations observed in human beings, in which the corpus callosum is partially or completely absent. ACC is usually diagnosed within the first two years of life, and may manifest as a severe syndrome in infancy or childhood, as a milder condition in young adults, or as an asymptomatic incidental finding. Initial symptoms of ACC usually include seizures, which may be followed by feeding problems and delays in holding the head erect, sitting, standing, and walking. Other possible symptoms may include impairments in mental and physical development,

title: Corpus callosum

text: of the fibers which constitute the tapetum and extend laterally on either side into the temporal lobe, and cover in the central part of the lateral ventricle. The tapetum and anterior commissure share the function of connecting left and right temporal lobes. The anterior cerebral arteries are in contact with the under surface of the rostrum, they arch over the front of the genu and are carried along the trunk, supplying the front four-fifths of the corpus callosum. The size, amount of myelination, and density of the fibers in the subregions relate to the functions of the brain regions they

title: Corpus Callosum (2007 film)

text: however, Felber suggested the title "Corpus Callosum," which Nagy liked better. The film was shot with a Panasonic AG-HVX200 camera on both MiniDV tapes and P2 cards to lend contrast to the dual themes of the left and right sides of the brain. Production lasted over eight months due to complications involving Nagy's decision to attend UCLA in the fall. Filming primarily took place in Agoura Hills, California, Malibu, California, and Beverly Hills, California. The score was arranged by Edwin Telford, John Garcia, and Shaun Fleming (lead singer of the band First from the Sea), both of whom Felber knew

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: syndrome, and L1CAM Syndrome. Some conditions that are sometimes associated with ACC include maternal nutritional deficiencies or infections, metabolic disorders, fetal alcohol syndrome, craniofacial abnormalities, and other oral and maxillofacial pathologies. Agenesis of the corpus callosum is caused by disruption to development of the fetal brain between the 3rd and 12th weeks of pregnancy. In most cases, it is not possible to know what caused an individual to have ACC or another callosal disorder. However, research suggests that some possible causes may include chromosome errors, inherited genetic factors, prenatal infections or injuries, prenatal toxic exposures, structural blockage by cysts or

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: other brain abnormalities, and metabolic disorders. Until recently, the medical literature did not indicate a connection among many genetic disorders, both genetic syndromes and genetic diseases, that are now being found to be related. As a result of new genetic research, some of these are, in fact, highly related in their root cause despite the widely varying symptoms apparent on clinical examination. Agenesis of the corpus callosum is one such disease, part of an emerging class of diseases called ciliopathies. The underlying cause may be a dysfunctional molecular mechanism in the primary cilia structures of the cell organelles that are

title: Corpus callosotomy

text: results and insignificant morbidity. The corpus callosum is a fiber bundle of about 300 million fibers in the human brain that connects the two cerebral hemispheres. The interhemispheric functions of the corpus callosum include the integration of perceptual, cognitive, learned, and volitional information. The role of the corpus callosum in epilepsy is the interhemispheric transmission of epileptiform discharges. These discharges are generally bilaterally synchronous in preoperative patients. In addition to disrupting this synchrony, corpus callosotomy decreases the frequency and amplitude of the epileptiform discharges, suggesting the transhemispheric facilitation of seizure mechanisms. The most prominent non-surgical complications of corpus callosotomy relate

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: present in many cellular types throughout the human body. The cilia defects adversely affect "numerous critical developmental signaling pathways" essential to cellular development and thus offer a plausible hypothesis for the often multi-symptom nature of a large set of syndromes and diseases. Known ciliopathies include primary ciliary dyskinesia, Bardet–Biedl syndrome, polycystic kidney and liver disease, nephronophthisis, Alström syndrome, Meckel–Gruber syndrome, and some forms of retinal degeneration. In utero exposure to cocaine and other street drugs can lead to agenesis of corpus callosum. Callosal disorders can be diagnosed through brain imaging studies or during autopsy. They may be diagnosed through an

title: Corpus callosotomy

text: Corpus callosotomy Corpus callosotomy is a palliative surgical procedure for the treatment of medically refractory epilepsy. In this procedure the corpus callosum is cut through in an effort to limit the spread of epileptic activity between the two halves of the brain. After the operation the brain has much more difficulty sending messages between the hemispheres. Although the corpus callosum is the largest white matter tract connecting the hemispheres, some limited interhemispheric communication is still possible via the anterior commissure and posterior commissure. "Efficacy and relatively low permanent morbidity in corpus callosotomy for medically intractable epilepsy have been demonstrated by

title: Corpus callosotomy

text: carotid sheath in order to send electrical impulses to the nucleus of the solitary tract. However, corpus callosotomy has been proven to offer significantly better chances of seizure freedom compared with vagus nerve stimulation (58.0% versus 21.1% reduction in atonic seizures, respectively). If a focal area in the brain is generating severe seizures, it can sometimes be removed. Corpus callosotomy Corpus callosotomy is a palliative surgical procedure for the treatment of medically refractory epilepsy. In this procedure the corpus callosum is cut through in an effort to limit the spread of epileptic activity between the two halves of the brain.

title: Corpus callosotomy

text: occur between the two hemispheres of the brain. For a partial callosotomy, the anterior two-thirds of the corpus callosum are sectioned, and for a complete callosotomy, the posterior one-third is also sectioned. After sectioning, the dura is closed and the portion of cranium is replaced. The scalp is then closed with sutures. Endoscopic corpus callosotomy has been employed with blood loss minimized during the surgical procedure. Corpus callosotomy is intended to treat patients who suffer from epilepsy and the resultant chronic seizures. The diminished life expectancy associated with epilepsy patients has been documented by population-based studies in Europe. In the

title: Corpus callosum

text: neopallium), whereas in placental mammals, the anterior commissure carries only some of these fibers.) In primates, the speed of nerve transmission depends on its degree of myelination, or lipid coating. This is reflected by the diameter of the nerve axon. In most primates, axonal diameter increases in proportion to brain size to compensate for the increased distance to travel for neural impulse transmission. This allows the brain to coordinate sensory and motor impulses. However, the scaling of overall brain size and increased myelination have not occurred between chimpanzees and humans. This has resulted in the human corpus callosum's requiring double

title: Susan Ackerman (neuroscientist)

text: integral in the development of the corpus callosum, the neurons that form the connection between the two hemispheres of the brain. A mutation in the "Unc5c" gene, in association with other mutated genes, leads to a degeneration of the corpus callosum. However, if "Unc5c" is the only gene that is mutated, no noticeable difference in the corpus callosum is present. This is because the Unc5c receptor is only integral in the formation of the corpus callosum in early-born, deep layer neurons. These neurons comprise a small percentage of the corpus callosum relative to the late-born, upper layer neurons. Ackerman's research

title: Empathizing–systemizing theory

text: corpus callosum). It was found that autism is commonly diagnosed in children where the corpus callosum does not fully develop (45% of children with agenesis of the corpus callosum). A further example of brain structures relating to ASD is that children with ASD tend to have a larger amygdala, this is another example of being an extreme version of the male brain which generally has a larger amygdala. These brain differences have all been shown to have an influence on social cognition and communication. High levels of fetal testosterone have also been shown to be related to behavior associated with

title: Commissural fiber

text: due to aging, compensatory mechanisms are found in other areas of the corpus callosum and frontal lobe. These compensatory mechanisms, increasing connectivity in other parts of the brain, may explain why elderly individuals still display executive function as a decline of connectivity is seen in regions of the corpus callosum. Older adults compared to younger adults show poorer performance in balance exercises and tests. A decline in white matter integrity of the corpus callosum in older individuals may explain declines in the ability to balance. Changes in the white matter integrity of the corpus callosum may also be related to

title: Dual consciousness

text: mater is pulled back so the deeper areas of the brain, including the corpus callosum, can be seen. Specialized instruments are placed into the brain that allows safe severing of the corpus. Initially, a partial callosotomy is performed, which only severs the front two thirds of the callosum. It is important to note that because the back section of the callosum is preserved, visual information is still sent across both hemispheres. Though the corpus callosum loses a majority of its functioning during a partial callosotomy, it does not completely lose its capabilities. If this operation does not succeed in reducing

title: Split-brain

text: the two hemispheres and its main function is in allowing for communication between the brain's right and left hemispheres. This structure is composed of white matter: millions of axons that have their dendrites and terminal buttons projecting in both the right and left hemisphere. However, there is evidence that the corpus callosum may also have some inhibitory functions. Post-mortem research on human and monkey brains show that the corpus callosum is functionally organised. It proves that the right hemisphere is superior for detecting faces. This organisation results in modality-specific regions of the corpus callosum that are responsible for the transfer

title: FAM43A

text: in the infant developmental stage. Expression is upregulated in head and neck tumor and bladder carcinoma, suggesting an oncogenic function. FAM43A expression is upregulated in Early T-cell precursor (ETP) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (GDS4299) and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines Hs578T (GDS4092). FAM43A expression map of "Mus musculus" brain indicated differential expression in the cortex, corpus callosum, and hypothalamus. The primary function of the corpus callosum is to innervate and connect the two hemispheres of the brain. The corpus callosum integrates motor, sensory, and cognitive performance between the cortical region in one hemisphere with its target in the

title: Commissural fiber

text: Commissural fiber The commissural fibers or transverse fibers are axons that connect the two hemispheres of the brain. In contrast to commissural fibers, association fibers connect regions within the same hemisphere of the brain, and projection fibers connect each region to other parts of the brain or to the spinal cord. The commissural fibers make up tracts that include the corpus callosum, the anterior commissure, and the posterior commissure. The corpus callosum is the largest commissural tract in the human brain. It consists of about 200-300 million axons that connect the two cerebral hemispheres. The corpus callosum is essential to

title: Gustav Fechner

text: Francis Galton. One of Fechner's speculations about consciousness dealt with brain. During his time, it was known that the brain is bilaterally symmetrical and that there is a deep division between the two halves that are linked by a connecting band of fibers called the corpus callosum. Fechner speculated that if the corpus callosum were split, two separate streams of consciousness would result - the mind would become two. Yet, Fechner believed that his theory would never be tested; he was incorrect. During the mid-twentieth century, Roger Sperry and Michael Gazzaniga worked on epileptic patients with sectioned corpus callosum and

title: Unihemispheric slow-wave sleep

text: a smaller corpus callosum when compared to other mammals. Similarly birds lack a corpus callosum altogether and have only few means of interhemispheric connections. Other evidence contradicts this potential role; sagittal transsections of the corpus callosum have been found to result in strictly bihemispheric sleep. As a result it seems this anatomical difference, though well correlated, does not directly explain the existence of USWS. A promising method of identifying the neuroanatomical structures responsible for USWS is continuing comparisons of brains that exhibit USWS with those that do not. Some studies have shown induced asynchronous SWS in non-USWS-exhibiting animals as a

title: Albert Einstein's brain

text: led by Shanghai-based East China Normal University's Department of Physics, "The Corpus Callosum of Albert Einstein's Brain: Another Clue to His High Intelligence", published in the journal "Brain" on September 24, 2013, showed a new technique to conduct the study, which is the first to detail Einstein's corpus callosum, the brain's largest bundle of fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres and facilitates interhemispheric communication. Einstein's corpus callosum was thicker than those in control groups, possibly indicating better cooperation between the hemispheres. Scientists currently cannot tell how far the unusual features above were innate or how far they were due

title: High-altitude cerebral edema

text: microhemorrhages in the corpus callosum of HACE patients, and hypoxia may also cause microvascular permeability. It has been hypothesized that vascular endothelial growth factor may cause the vascular permeability at the root of HACE. MRI scans of patients with HACE showed increased T2 in the corpus callosum, although grey matter was unchanged. This demonstrated that the blood-brain barrier was broken by cerebral blood vessels, thus interfering with white matter metabolism. Another study looked at the brains of HACE sufferers several months after their recovery; it showed hemosiderin deposits in the corpus callosum, evidence of vascular permeability. While there is strong

title: Longitudinal striae

text: of Broca. Longitudinal striae In human neuroanatomy, the longitudinal striae (also striae lancisi or nerves of Lancisi) are two bundles of fibres embedded in the indusium griseum running along the corpus callosum of the brain. They were originally described by Italian physician, epidemiologist and anatomist Giovanni Maria Lancisi. The striae are categorized as medial longitudinal stria and lateral longitudinal stria; the area between the striae is a useful neurosurgical mark of the middle of the corpus callosum. After the indisium griseum curves along the rostrum of the corpus callosum the combined striae continue toward the amygdala as part of the

title: Longitudinal striae

text: Longitudinal striae In human neuroanatomy, the longitudinal striae (also striae lancisi or nerves of Lancisi) are two bundles of fibres embedded in the indusium griseum running along the corpus callosum of the brain. They were originally described by Italian physician, epidemiologist and anatomist Giovanni Maria Lancisi. The striae are categorized as medial longitudinal stria and lateral longitudinal stria; the area between the striae is a useful neurosurgical mark of the middle of the corpus callosum. After the indisium griseum curves along the rostrum of the corpus callosum the combined striae continue toward the amygdala as part of the diagonal band

title: Warren S. Brown

text: and his wife founded the annual "Warren and Janet Brown Scholarship" at Fuller that supports students in neuropsychological research. Warren Brown is involved in experimental neuropsychological research related to functions of the corpus callosum of the brain and its relationship to higher cognitive processes in humans. In particular, he has been studying the implications of agenesis of the corpus callosum (i.e., congenital absence of the corpus callosum, the pathway that connects the right and left hemispheres). Brown has been interested in the implications of this disorder for mental abilities and social awareness. Over the last 20 years his lab has

title: Empathizing–systemizing theory

text: corpus callosum in at least some regions leading to decreased inter-hemispheric connectivity. This is also seen in those with ASD. Individuals with ASD were found to have widespread interconnectivity abnormalities in specific brain regions. This could explain the different results on empathy tests between men and women as well as the deficiencies in empathy seen in ASD as empathy requires several brain regions to be activated which need information from many different areas of the brain. A further example of how brain structure can influence ASD is looking at cases where the corpus callosum does not fully develop (agenesis of

title: Al's Brain

text: many different styles of animation. It starts with a picture of the brain which then starts to move. It shows you that he brain is "divided into two hemispheres" and that the left side "controls your right side and your left controls your right side" which happen to be "tied together" by the Corpus Callosum, as well showing that the brain is covered with a meninges layer, cerebral spinal fluid and afterwards you are looking at the four lobes of the brain, which compose of the Frontal, the temporal, the parietal and the occipital lobes and that they are all

title: Roger Wolcott Sperry

text: in the middle by a part of the brain called the corpus callosum. In "split-brain" patients, the corpus callosum has been severed due to the patients suffering from epilepsy, a disease that causes intense and persistent seizures. Seizures begin in one hemisphere and continue into the other hemisphere. Cutting the corpus callosum prevents the seizures from moving from one hemisphere to the other, which then prevents seizures from occurring, thus allowing the patients to function normally instead of suffering from continuous seizures. Sperry first became interested in "split-brain" research when he was working on the topic of interocular transfer, which

title: Dual consciousness

text: computer that is directly in front of you). The procedure of surgically removing the corpus callosum is called a corpus callosotomy. Patients who have undergone a corpus callosotomy are colloquially referred to as "split-brain patients". They are called so because now their brain's left and right hemispheres are no longer connected by the corpus callosum. Split-brain patients have been subjects for numerous psychological experiments that sought to discover what occurs in the brain now that the primary interhemispheric pathways have been disrupted. Notable researchers in the field include Roger Sperry, one of the first to publish ideas involving a dual

title: Longitudinal fissure

text: neurosurgery resulting in split brain, as it provides unobstructed access to the corpus callosum. Corpus callosotomy is one of the procedures used for pharmacologically treating intractable epilepsy cases, and it consists of the division of the nerve fibers running between the two hemispheres through the corpus callosum. A neurosurgeon separates the two hemispheres physically by pulling them apart with special tools, and cuts through either approximately two thirds of the fibers in the case of partial callosotomy, or the entirety in the case of complete callosotomy. Without the presence of longitudinal fissure, the corpus callosotomy procedure would be significantly more

title: Dual consciousness

text: conclusively proven or disproven. During the first half of the 20th Century, some neurosurgeons concluded that the best option of treating severe epilepsy was by severing the patient's corpus callosum. The corpus callosum is the primary communication mechanism between the brain's two cerebral hemispheres. For example, communication across the callosum allows information from both the left and right visual fields to be interpreted by the brain in a way that makes sense to comprehend the person's actual experience (visual inputs from both eyes are interpreted by the brain to make sense of the experience that you are looking at a

title: Split-brain

text: Split-brain Split-brain is a lay term to describe the result when the corpus callosum connecting the two hemispheres of the brain is severed to some degree. It is an association of symptoms produced by disruption of or interference with the connection between the hemispheres of the brain. The surgical operation to produce this condition (corpus callosotomy) involves transection of the corpus callosum, and is usually a last resort to treat refractory epilepsy. Initially, partial callosotomies are performed; if this operation does not succeed, a complete callosotomy is performed to mitigate the risk of accidental physical injury by reducing the severity

title: Split-brain

text: can process what is being read. In Peek's case, there was no transfer ability—this is what led to his development of language centers in each hemisphere. Many believe this is the reason behind his extremely fast reading capabilities. While Peek did not undergo corpus callosotomy, he is considered a natural split-brain patient and is critical to understanding the importance of the corpus callosum. Kim Peek died in 2009. Split-brain Split-brain is a lay term to describe the result when the corpus callosum connecting the two hemispheres of the brain is severed to some degree. It is an association of symptoms

title: Lateralization of brain function

text: contraction on the opposite side of the body. Furthermore, the functional map of the motor and sensory cortices is fairly consistent from person to person; Penfield and Jasper's famous pictures of the motor and sensory homunculi were the result. Research by Michael Gazzaniga and Roger Wolcott Sperry in the 1960s on split-brain patients led to an even greater understanding of functional laterality. Split-brain patients are patients who have undergone corpus callosotomy (usually as a treatment for severe epilepsy), a severing of a large part of the corpus callosum. The corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres of the brain and allows

title: Septum pellucidum

text: Septum pellucidum The septum pellucidum () is a thin, triangular, vertical double membrane separating the anterior horns of the left and right lateral ventricles of the brain. It runs as a sheet from the corpus callosum down to the fornix. The septum pellucidum is located in the midline of the brain, between the two cerebral hemispheres. It is attached superiorly to the corpus callosum, the large collection of nerve fibers that connect the two cerebral hemispheres. It is attached inferiorly to the anterior part of the fornix, and on either side of the septum are the two lateral ventricles. The

title: Corpus callosum

text: ACC accompanied by developmental delay and/or seizure disorders should be screened for metabolic disorders. In addition to agenesis of the corpus callosum, similar conditions are hypogenesis (partial formation), dysgenesis (malformation), and hypoplasia (underdevelopment, including too thin). Recent studies have also linked possible correlations between corpus callosum malformation and autism spectrum disorders. Kim Peek, a savant and the inspiration behind the movie "Rain Man", was found with agenesis of the corpus callosum, as part of FG syndrome. Anterior corpus callosum lesions may result in akinetic mutism or anomic aphasia. See also: The first study of the corpus with relation to gender

title: Corpus callosum

text: thick, convex, free border. Splenium translates as "bandage" in Greek. The trunk of the corpus callosum lies between the splenium and the genu. The callosal sulcus separates the corpus callosum from the cingulate gyrus. On either side of the corpus callosum, the fibers radiate in the white matter and pass to the various parts of the cerebral cortex; those curving forward from the genu into the frontal lobes constitute the "forceps minor" (also "forceps anterior") and those curving backward from the splenium into the occipital lobes, the "forceps major" (also "forceps posterior"). Between these two parts is the main body

title: Corpus callosum

text: the hemispheres. The main ones are known as the genu, the rostrum, the trunk or body, and the splenium. The corpus callosum forms the floor of the longitudinal fissure that separates the two cerebral hemispheres. It also forms part of the roof of the lateral ventricles. The corpus callosum has four main parts; individual nerve tracts that connect different parts of the hemispheres. These are the rostrum, the genu, the trunk or body, and the splenium. A narrowed part between the trunk and the splenium is known as the isthmus. The front part of the corpus callosum, towards the frontal

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: It is not possible for the corpus callosum to regenerate. Neuropsychological testing reveals subtle differences in higher cortical function compared to individuals of the same age and education without ACC, although some individuals with callosal disorders have average intelligence and live normal lives. Kim Peek, inspiration for the film "Rain Man" and renowned for his savant abilities, was born with agenesis of the corpus callosum, along with macrocephaly and damage to the cerebellum. Agenesis of the corpus callosum Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a rare birth defect (congenital disorder) in which there is a complete or partial absence

title: Corpus callosum

text: that are not. The implications are an increased coordination of hands, differences in white matter structure, and amplification of plasticity in motor and auditory scaffolding which would serve to aid in future musical training. The study found children who had begun musical training before the age of six (minimum 15 months of training) had an increased volume of their corpus callosum and adults who had begun musical training before the age of 11 also had increased bimanual coordination. The symptoms of refractory (difficult to treat) epilepsy can be reduced by cutting through the corpus callosum in an operation known as

title: Corpus callosum

text: sex differences in human corpus callosal shape and microstructure. Analysis by shape and size has also been used to study specific three-dimensional mathematical relationships with MRIs, and have found consistent and statistically significant differences across genders. Specific algorithms have found significant differences between the two sexes in over 70% of cases in one review. The front portion of the human corpus callosum has been reported to be significantly larger in musicians than nonmusicians, and to be 0.75 cm or 11% larger in left-handed and ambidextrous people than right-handed people. This difference is evident in the anterior and posterior regions of

title: Corpus callosum

text: the occipital lobe, these are the fibres of the forceps major. In a study of five- to eighteen-year-olds there was found to be a positive correlation between age and callosal thickness. The corpus callosum and its relation to sex has been a subject of debate in the scientific and lay communities for over a century. Initial research in the early 20th century claimed the corpus to be different in size between men and women. That research was in turn questioned, and ultimately gave way to more advanced imaging techniques that appeared to refute earlier correlations. However, advanced analytical techniques of

title: Corpus callosum

text: connect. Myelination is the process of coating neurons with myelin, which helps the transfer of information between neurons. The process is believed to occur until an individual's thirties with peak growth in the first decade of one’s life. Thinner, lightly myelinated fibres are slower conducting and they connect the association and prefrontal areas. Thicker and fast-conducting fibers connect the visual and motor areas. The tractogram pictured, shows the nerve tracts from six segments of the corpus callosum, providing linking of the cortical regions between the cerebral hemispheres. Those of the genu are shown in coral, of the premotor – green,

title: *Corpus Callosum

text: of Technology Perhaps the most obvious theme which runs through this film is the power of technology. Throughout the film, the characters are completely immersed in either their televisions or computer screens. These devices are the cause of their not noticing the shifting and changing environments which surround them. Aside from being distracted from reality by their computer screens, the people in the office actually have the capability to change their reality through their computers. *Corpus Callosum This film does not possess a linear plot as most do, but is rather a jumble of images stuck together in an apparently

title: *Corpus Callosum

text: *Corpus Callosum This film does not possess a linear plot as most do, but is rather a jumble of images stuck together in an apparently meaningless sequence. Office workers in this film continue about their day-to-day business, all while their surrounding constantly shift without their knowledge. Workers clothing changes on their bodies without them noticing, people they are conversing with disappear. At one point, office workers engaging in a meeting suddenly stick together as if drawn to one another by electricity. Other men in the room begin to contort other's bodies, tying each other into knots with their own limbs.

title: Corpus Callosum (2007 film)

text: not Cross can recognize the difference between the American Dream and her own ambitions is up to whether or not she can make this transition; that is, to cross the corpus callosum. Cross Carlton's first name was inspired by the Cross brand of pens, which were symbolic of Yuppie culture of the 1980, and also by the character Cross Sugarman from Curtis Sittenfeld's novel "Prep." During several scenes in the movie, Cross can be seen drinking TaB cola and holding a Cross pen, both symbolic of the 1980s (although the film takes place in 2007). The characters of Kyle Hutchinson

title: Agenesis of the corpus callosum

text: (malformation) and hypoplasia (underdevelopment, usually referring to the thickness) of the corpus callosum. Signs and symptoms of ACC and other callosal disorders vary greatly among individuals. However, some characteristics common in individuals with callosal disorders include vision impairments, low muscle tone (hypotonia), poor motor coordination, delays in motor milestones such as sitting and walking, low perception of pain, delayed toilet training, and chewing and swallowing difficulties. Laboratory research has demonstrated that individuals with ACC have difficulty transferring more complex information from one hemisphere to the other. They also have been shown to have some cognitive disabilities (difficulty in complex problem

title: Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is (song)

text: episode 3). Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is (song) "Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is" is a song by Australian rock band Jet, and is the third track on their second album "Shine On". It was released 18 September 2006 as the lead single from that album in the UK, peaking at #23 in the UK Singles Chart (see 2006 in British music). The song was released to American radio outlets on 7 August. The song is also featured in a new commercial for Verizon Wireless. The video for the song depicts the band performing in a room

text: Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is (song) "Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is" is a song by Australian rock band Jet, and is the third track on their second album "Shine On". It was released 18 September 2006 as the lead single from that album in the UK, peaking at #23 in the UK Singles Chart (see 2006 in British music). The song was released to American radio outlets on 7 August. The song is also featured in a new commercial for Verizon Wireless. The video for the song depicts the band performing in a room with an

title: Kobarweng or Where is Your Helicopter?

text: Tom McCarthy (novelist), Hans Ulrich Obrist, and Slavoj Žižek. The filmproject Kobarweng or Where is Your Helicopter? (1992), was completed during Johan Grimonprez's study at the School of Visual Arts (New York), while attending the Independent study program at the Whitney Museum. Kobarweng or Where is Your Helicopter? Kobarweng or Where is Your Helicopter? (1992) is a short documentary directed by Johan Grimonprez that deals with the history of a remote village in the highlands of New Guinea. The videotape assembles archival footage and oral histories depicting the first encounter between the Irian Jaya people and the scientific crew, including

title: Commissural fiber

text: right occipital cortex to the language centers of the left hemisphere. The lyra or hippocampal commissure. Aging Age-related decline in the commissural fiber tracts that make up the corpus callosum indicate the corpus callosum is involved in memory and executive function. Specifically, the posterior fibers of the corpus callosum are associated with episodic memory. Perceptual processing decline is also related to diminished integrity of occipital fibers of the corpus callosum. Evidence suggests that the genu of the corpus callosum does not contribute significantly to any one cognitive domain in the elderly. As fiber tract connectivity in the corpus callosum declines

title: Kobarweng or Where is Your Helicopter?

text: Kobarweng or Where is Your Helicopter? Kobarweng or Where is Your Helicopter? (1992) is a short documentary directed by Johan Grimonprez that deals with the history of a remote village in the highlands of New Guinea. The videotape assembles archival footage and oral histories depicting the first encounter between the Irian Jaya people and the scientific crew, including anthropologists, of the Dutch Star Mountains Expedition. The confrontation with the crew and their helictopter caused a shock that threw the worldview of the villagers upside down. The event even entered their Sibil-tongue language; literally translated, weng means language, whilst kobar airplane.

title: Grand Theft Autumn/Where Is Your Boy

text: Grand Theft Autumn/Where Is Your Boy "Grand Theft Autumn/Where Is Your Boy" is a song by American rock band Fall Out Boy and the second single (first in the UK) released from their 2003 album, "Take This to Your Grave". The breakthrough mainstream success that the band received with their follow-up album "From Under the Cork Tree" (2005) strengthened the song's popularity and helped it reach No. 84 on the now-defunct US "Billboard" Pop 100 chart. It has also drawn in a large amount of digital downloads. The single was released on yellow vinyl, a split 7" with My Awesome

title: Umbonium callosum

text: Umbonium callosum Umbonium callosum is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. The height of the shell attains 8 mm, its diameter 13 mm. The solid shell has a depressed shape. Its outer lip is thin. The color pattern is white or yellowish, finely marbled all over with black, gray or ashen, sometimes with a series of white blotches at the periphery. The basal callus is white, yellow, reddish or black. The smooth surface is polished. The low spire is conical and acute. The 6 to 7 whorls are slightly

title: Umbonium callosum

text: convex. They are separated by simple, linear sutures. The body whorl widens very rapidly. It is large, dilated, flat on the base, except for the large circular callus, which is excessively heavy and convex. The aperture is oval-truncate. The last whorl is very wide, and the umbilical callus far heavier, more convex, than in any other known species of this genus. This species occurs in the Indian Ocean. Umbonium callosum Umbonium callosum is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. The height of the shell attains 8 mm, its diameter

title: Congenital mirror movement disorder

text: up until a certain age, the corpus callosum is heavily unmyelinated. This would explain why children during normal development can be seen with CMM disorder up to the age of 7 years, likely due to lack of corpus callosum development. The normal disappearance of clinically significant mirror movements after this age is associated with anatomical and functional maturation of interhemispheric connections through the corpus callosum between motor cortices. Researchers hypothesize that this axonal density in the corpus callosum is responsible for the interhemispheric communication that is ultimately responsible for the suppression of mirror movements during voluntary movements in healthy adults.

title: Cerebral hemisphere

text: of the hemispheres be slightly drawn apart a broad band of white substance, the corpus callosum, will be observed, connecting them at the bottom of the longitudinal fissure; the margins of the hemispheres which overlap the corpus callosum are called the labia cerebri. Each labium is part of the cingulate gyrus already described; and the slit-like interval between it and the upper surface of the corpus callosum is termed the callosal sulcus. If the hemispheres be sliced off to a level with the upper surface of the corpus callosum, the white substance of that structure will be seen connecting the

title: Commissural fiber

text: the communication between the two hemispheres. A recent study of individuals with agenesis of the corpus callosum suggests that the corpus callosum plays a vital role in problem solving strategies, verbal processing speed, and executive performance. Specifically, the absence of a fully developed corpus callosum is shown to have a significant relationship with impaired verbal processing speed and problem solving. Another study of individuals with multiple sclerosis provides evidence that structural and microstructural abnormalities of the corpus callosum are related to cognitive dysfunction. Particularly, verbal and visual memory, information processing speed, and executive tasks were shown to be impaired when

title: Grand Theft Autumn/Where Is Your Boy

text: Compilation. An acoustic version of the song was released on the 2004 EP "My Heart Will Always Be the B-Side to My Tongue", and a new dance remix (Millennium version) of the song was included in the 2005 re-release of "Take This to Your Grave: Director's Cut". The lyrics deal with jealousy and unrequited love. Both Patrick Stump and Pete Wentz disliked "Grand Theft Autumn/Where Is Your Boy" during the recording process; Stump particularly disliked the a cappella opening, which was producer Sean O'Keefe's idea. The title of the song was taken, without permission, from a Braid song, and subsequently,

title: Where Your Road Leads

text: vocals on the track "Bring Me All Your Lovin'." "I'll Still Love You More" was written by Diane Warren, who also wrote Yearwood's hit from the previous year, "How Do I Live." As listed in liner notes. Choir on "Where Your Road Leads": Bergen White, Kimberly Fleming, Vicki Hampton, Mark Iveey, Mike Elred, Lisa Cochran, Dennis Wilson, Lisa Silver. Choral vocals arranged by Bergen White. Strings on "Heart Like a Sad Song" and "Where Your Road Leads" by the Nashville String Machine. Strings on "Where Your Road Leads" by Steve Nathan. Where Your Road Leads Where Your Road Leads is

title: Where Are Your Keys?

text: Northwest Indian College, at the 2010 "Save Your Language" Conference in Vancouver, British Columbia, at the Northeast Conference on the Teaching of Foreign Languages, and at the 2012 Maryland Foreign Language Association Fall Conference, held at Notre Dame of Maryland University. Users report the Where are your keys? technique can be used with any language for which a willing fluent speaker is available. As of 2012, a Where Are Your Keys? podcast and wiki are available, as well as online videos and an official website. Where Are Your Keys? Where Are Your Keys? (WAYK) is an interactive technique for learning

title: Lateral ventricles

text: corpus callosum - the "floor" at the limit of the ventricle is the upper surface of the rostrum (the reflected portion of the corpus callosum), while nearer the "body" of the ventricle, the "roof" consists of the posterior surface of the "genu". The remaining boundary - that facing interior to the ventricle curvature - comprises the posterior edge of the caudate nucleus. The body of the lateral ventricle is the central portion, between the anterior horn and the trigone. Its roof continues to be bound by the corpus callosum - here known as the "tapetum" ("carpet") - and remains separated

title: Split-brain

text: complete disconnection between the two hemispheres. It is typically used as a last resort measure in treatment of intractable epilepsy. The modern procedure typically involves only the anterior third of the corpus callosum; however, if the epileptic seizures continue, the following third is lesioned prior to the remaining third if the seizures persist. This results in a complete callosotomy in which most of the information transfer between hemispheres is lost. Due to the functional mapping of the corpus callosum, a partial callosotomy has less detrimental effects because it leaves parts of the corpus callosum intact. There is little functional plasticity

title: Colpocephaly

text: as psychomotor abnormalilities and agenesis of the corpus callosum. In some cases, signs appear later on in life and a significant number of children suffer only from minor disabilities. The following list includes common symptoms of colpocephaly. Intracranial abnormalities include: Colpocephaly is characterized by disproportionately large occipital horns of the lateral ventricles (also frontal and temporal ventricles in some cases). MRI and CT scans of patients demonstrate abnormally thick gray matter with thin poorly myelinated white matter. This happens as a result of partial or complete absence of the corpus callosum. Corpus callosum is the band of white matter connecting

title: Corpus Christi (band)

text: Corpus Christi (band) Corpus Christi is an American Christian metalcore band from Cincinnati, Ohio. The term "Corpus Christi" is Latin for "body of Christ," which fits the band's Christian lyrics. They are currently signed to a five record contract on Victory Records. Corpus Christi has been featured on TVU's weekly countdown show, TMW. Forgoing the option of a self-titled album, Corpus Christi entitled their debut album "The Darker Shades of White" and released it on Victory Records. Hit songs and videos from this album include "Fight for Your King" and "Parade of Scars." Half way through the Scream The Prayer

title: Cave of septum pellucidum

text: usually fuse which obliterates the cavum. The cavity contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that filters from the ventricles through the septal laminae. The cave of septum pellucidum is bounded anteriorly by the genu of the corpus callosum; superiorly by the body of the corpus callosum; posteriorly by the anterior limb and pillars of the fornix; inferiorly by the anterior commissure and the rostrum of the corpus callosum; and laterally by the leaflets of the septum pellucidum. There are individual differences in the degree of CSP; whereas some have complete closure of the cavum, others present with a small degree (4-6mm in

title: Indusium griseum

text: of the corpus callosum it curves down along the rostrum to form the subcallosal gyrus. Indusium griseum The indusium griseum, (supracallosal gyrus, gyrus epicallosus) consists of a thin membranous layer of grey matter in contact with the upper surface of the corpus callosum and continuous laterally with the grey matter of the cingulate cortex. On either side of the midline of the induseum griseum are two ridges formed by bands of longitudinally directed fibres known as the medial and lateral longitudinal striae. The indium griseum is prolonged around the splenium of the corpus callosum as a delicate layer, the fasciolar

title: Vici syndrome

text: the ophthalmologic features of Vici syndrome were carefully evaluated. In 2015 the doctoral thesis entitled "Deciphering the mechanism of immune dysfunction in Vici Syndrome", University of Rome "La Sapienza" by dr.Evangelos Axiotis, clarifies the molecular mechanisms and the role of the mutations in EPG5,all responsible for the immunodeficiency present in patients with Vici Syndrome. Vici syndrome Vici syndrome, also called immunodeficiency with cleft lip/palate, cataract, hypopigmentation and absent corpus callosum (or, Absent corpus callosum cataract immunodeficiency), is a rare autosomal recessive congenital disorder characterized by albinism, agenesis of the corpus callosum, cataracts, cardiomyopathy, severe psychomotor retardation, seizures, immunodeficiency, and recurrent

title: Vici syndrome

text: Vici syndrome Vici syndrome, also called immunodeficiency with cleft lip/palate, cataract, hypopigmentation and absent corpus callosum (or, Absent corpus callosum cataract immunodeficiency), is a rare autosomal recessive congenital disorder characterized by albinism, agenesis of the corpus callosum, cataracts, cardiomyopathy, severe psychomotor retardation, seizures, immunodeficiency, and recurrent severe infections. To date about 50 cases have been reported. This syndrome consists a number of typical features. These include Infections of the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts are common. Swallowing and feeding difficulties early on may result in a failure to thrive. Optic nerve hypoplasia, nystagmus and photophobia may occur. Facial dysmorphism (cleft lip/palate

title: Grand Theft Autumn/Where Is Your Boy

text: The last that you see of the girl is when she smiles at the boy. The video ends with a close-up of Patrick Stump. The video was shot in a cabin on the Muskegon River owned by Myron of the Dirty Americans. The stalker boy in the video is played by Jeremiah Pilbeam, also of the Dirty Americans. The girl is played by actress/dancer Leila Mahadin. The boy and the girl from the video also appear in the band's 2007 "This Ain't a Scene, It's an Arms Race" music video, at bassist Pete Wentz's "funeral". Grand Theft Autumn/Where Is Your

title: Where Your Road Leads

text: Where Your Road Leads Where Your Road Leads is the seventh studio album by country music singer Trisha Yearwood, released in 1998 by MCA Nashville. The album reached #3 on the Billboard country albums chart. The singles "There Goes My Baby", "Where Your Road Leads", "Powerful Thing" and "I'll Still Love You More" were all released from this album, peaking at #2, #18, #6 and #10, respectively, on the "Billboard" country music charts between 1998 and 1999. The title track was co-written by Victoria Shaw, who originally recorded it on her 1995 album "In Full View". Buddy Miller provides harmony

title: Neuroscience and intelligence

text: White matter connects different regions of grey matter in the cerebrum together. These interconnections make transport more seamless and allow us to perform tasks easier. Significant correlations between intelligence and the corpus callosum have been found, as larger callosal areas have been positively correlated with cognitive performance. However, there appear to be differences in importance for white matter between verbal and nonverbal intelligence, as although both verbal and nonverbal measures of intelligence correlate positively with the size of the corpus callosum, the correlation for intelligence and corpus callosum size was larger (.47) for nonverbal measures than that for verbal measures

title: Longitudinal callosal fascicle

text: Longitudinal callosal fascicle Longitudinal callosal fascicles (or Probst bundles) are aberrant bundles of axons that run in a front-back (antero-posterior) direction rather than a left-right direction between the cerebral hemispheres. They are characteristic of patients with agenesis of the corpus callosum, and are due to failure of the callosally-projecting neurons (mostly layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons) to extend axons across the midline and therefore form the corpus callosum. The inability of these axons to cross the midline results in anomalous axonal guidance and front-to-back projections within each hemisphere, rather than connecting between the hemipsheres in the normal corpus callosum. These longitudinal

title: Where Are Your Keys?

text: Where Are Your Keys? Where Are Your Keys? (WAYK) is an interactive technique for learning languages directly from native speakers. It is a game-based approach that uses gesture and sign language to facilitate immediate communication in the target language. Because the focus is creating an interactive game between the native speaker and the learner, it may be preferable to select a native speaker without language-teaching experience. The technique has been used in instruction of Alutiiq, Chinuk Wawa, Konkow, Kutenai, Mohawk, Navajo, O'odham, Squamish, Unangax, French, Latin, Korean, Turkish, and at a Chickasaw language immersion camp for families. The game trains

title: Where Your Road Leads (song)

text: voice beautifully conveys the passionate commitment in the words, and Brooks' warm demeanor provides affecting support." On the production, she say that it at times, "comes perilously close to bombast." "Where Your Road Leads" debuted at number 58 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of September 19, 1998. Where Your Road Leads (song) "Where Your Road Leads" is a song written by Victoria Shaw and Desmond Child, and recorded by American country music artists Trisha Yearwood and Garth Brooks. It was released in September 1998 as the second single and title track from the

title: Where Your Road Leads (song)

text: Where Your Road Leads (song) "Where Your Road Leads" is a song written by Victoria Shaw and Desmond Child, and recorded by American country music artists Trisha Yearwood and Garth Brooks. It was released in September 1998 as the second single and title track from the album "Where Your Road Leads". The song reached #18 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Shaw previously recorded the song on her 1995 album "In Full View". Deborah Evans Price, of "Billboard" magazine reviewed the song favorably, calling it a "gorgeous lyric." She goes on to say that Yearwood's "strong, supple

title: Body of lateral ventricle

text: the fornix; the medial wall is the posterior part of the septum pellucidum, which separates it from the opposite ventricle. Body of lateral ventricle The body of lateral ventricle (cella) extends from the interventricular foramen to the splenium of the corpus callosum. It is an irregularly curved cavity, triangular on transverse section, with a roof, a floor, and a medial wall. The roof is formed by the under surface of the corpus callosum; the floor by the following parts, enumerated in their order of position, from before backward: the caudate nucleus of the corpus striatum, the stria terminalis and the

title: Where Are Your Keys?

text: speakers in language fluency. According to creator Evan Gardner, Where Are Your Keys? is partially based on the Total Physical Response technique. The game is based on repeated questions and answers, with a set of gestures. Initially, the student makes gestures for specific, concrete objects, such as keys or a rock, and then moves on to adjectives. The student always responds in full sentences. The language gestures used are based on American Sign Language. Where Are Your Keys? language acquisition workshops have been held at the American Indian Language Development Institute of the University of Arizona, at Stanford University, at

title: Where Did Your Heart Go?

text: Where Did Your Heart Go? "Where Did Your Heart Go?" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with "Wheel Me Out" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album "Was (Not Was)" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the track "It's an Attack!" as the B-side. A live recording of "Where Did Your Heart Go?"

title: Body of lateral ventricle

text: Body of lateral ventricle The body of lateral ventricle (cella) extends from the interventricular foramen to the splenium of the corpus callosum. It is an irregularly curved cavity, triangular on transverse section, with a roof, a floor, and a medial wall. The roof is formed by the under surface of the corpus callosum; the floor by the following parts, enumerated in their order of position, from before backward: the caudate nucleus of the corpus striatum, the stria terminalis and the terminal vein, the lateral portion of the upper surface of the thalamus, the choroid plexus, and the lateral part of

title: Michael Snow

text: at the Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF). In 2000, TIFF commissioned Snow, along with Atom Egoyan and David Cronenberg, to make a series of short films collectively titled "Preludes", for the 25th Anniversary of the festival. In his "Village Voice" review of Snow's 2002 film "*Corpus Callosum", J. Hoberman writes that Snow's films are "[r]igorously predicated on irreducible cinematic facts [and] Snow's structuralist epics—"Wavelength" and "La Région Centrale"—[announce] the imminent passing of the film era. Rich with new possibilities, "*Corpus Callosum" heralds the advent of the next. Whatever it is, it cannot be too highly praised." "*Corpus Calossum" was screened

title: Where Did Your Heart Go?

text: "Where Did Your Heart Go?" was also included on "The Final" and "Music from the Edge of Heaven" albums. George Michael's arrangement of "Where Did Your Heart Go?" is relatively faithful to the original Was (Not Was) version making only subtle changes to the song's instrumentation and structure. Michael alters the song by dropping the opening chorus in favour of an instrumental introduction of the chorus melody. The subdued ending is protracted in the Wham! recording, where the Was (Not Was) original quickly fades out after the completion of the final chorus; Michael's arrangement continues for an additional half a

title: *Corpus Callosum

text: the film is over. After the credits finish, the film continues playing the same scene, the family sitting in their living room just as they were before the credits. The final scene to this film is a couple who go to a movie in a theater. The movie plays, and the couple watches the film, which is of themselves from another perspective. The Mundanity of Office Life A clear theme throughout the office portion of this film is centred around the mundanity of office life, which Snow pushes to the point of manic dehumanization. These office workers are portrayed as

title: Kobarweng or Where is Your Helicopter?

text: Baltimore Film forum 1992. Johan Grimonprez is a Belgian multimedia artist, filmmaker, and curator. He is well known for his films dial H-I-S-T-O-R-Y (1997) and Double Take (2009). As of 2014, Grimonprez's upcoming projects include the feature films How to Rewind Your Dog (2014) and Shadow World: Inside the Global Arms Trade (2015), based on the book by Andrew Feinstein and was awarded a production grant from the Sundance Institute. In 2011 Hatje Cantz published a reader on his work titled Johan Grimonprez: "It's a Poor Sort of Memory that Only Works Backwards", with contributions by Jodi Dean, Thomas Elsaesser,

title: *Corpus Callosum

text: being almost cyborgs themselves. This is a commentary by Snow on the mechanical nature of office work. He dresses all of the office workers in the same clothing, has them seated at identically drab desks, completing the same task over and over again. These people seem as though they could not possibly function as people do, but that is the point. Snow hopes to play a Kafkaesque reality across every person's screen so as to remind them of the dangers which lie in the uniformity and repetition of the workplace. As well as making it clear that the lack of

title: *Corpus Callosum

text: At this point, two men are pictures shaking hands outside. When their hands touch, both men melt in to one another, emerging after a few seconds having reversed all physical characteristics. People who work in the office also seem to have god-like powers, changing things as simple as the lighting in the room, to as impossible as causing people to walk on the ceiling rather than the floor – all by changing settings on their computers. Aside from documenting the technology driven disaster which is the workplace, the home is also pictured as a war zone in Snow's film. The