query: Name a food high in zinc.

title: Zinc

text: Daily Intake. Food and supplement companies have until January 1, 2020 to comply with the change. Animal products such as meat, fish, shellfish, fowl, eggs, and dairy contain zinc. The concentration of zinc in plants varies with the level in the soil. With adequate zinc in the soil, the food plants that contain the most zinc are wheat (germ and bran) and various seeds, including sesame, poppy, alfalfa, celery, and mustard. Zinc is also found in beans, nuts, almonds, whole grains, pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds, and blackcurrant. Plant phytates are particularly found in pulses and cereals and interfere with zinc

title: Zinc

text: require twice as much food to attain the same weight gain as animals with sufficient zinc. Despite some concerns, western vegetarians and vegans do not suffer any more from overt zinc deficiency than meat-eaters. Major plant sources of zinc include cooked dried beans, sea vegetables, fortified cereals, soy foods, nuts, peas, and seeds. However, phytates in many whole-grains and fibers may interfere with zinc absorption and marginal zinc intake has poorly understood effects. The zinc chelator phytate, found in seeds and cereal bran, can contribute to zinc malabsorption. Some evidence suggests that more than the US RDA (15 mg) of

title: Zinc oxide

text: interfere with Omf protein, which is responsible for the permeation of quinolone antibiotics into the cell. Zinc oxide is a constituent of cigarette filters. A filter consisting of charcoal impregnated with zinc oxide and iron oxide removes significant amounts of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and hydrogen sulfide (HS) from tobacco smoke without affecting its flavor. Zinc oxide is added to many food products, including breakfast cereals, as a source of zinc, a necessary nutrient. (Zinc sulfate is also used for the same purpose.) Some prepackaged foods also include trace amounts of ZnO even if it is not intended as a nutrient.

title: Zinc deficiency

text: infants and toddlers. Zinc is required to produce testosterone. Thus, zinc deficiency can lead to reduced circulating testosterone, hypogonadism, and delayed puberty. Zinc deficiency can be caused by a diet high in phytate-containing whole grains, foods grown in zinc deficient soil, or processed foods containing little or no zinc. Conservative estimates suggest that 25% of the world's population is at risk of zinc deficiency. In the U.S., the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is 8 mg/day for women and 11 mg/day for men. The following table summarizes most of the foods with significant quantities of zinc, listed in order of quantity

title: Indigenous food security in Canada

text: food that Indigenous people are ingesting. There has been a change in diet from traditional foods to European foods and medicine. The members of this northern Ontario Indigenous community stated their preference for wild meat and berries because they believe it is healthier than store-bought foods. The cost of food is also high unless the person is purchasing processed "junk foods". These types of foods can lead to a decline in physical health and this is not the preferred diet of a traditional Indigenous person. There are certain essential nutrients that are especially of concern in Indigenous diets: protein, zinc,

title: Zinc deficiency

text: per serving, unfortified. Note that all of the top 10 entries are meat, beans, or nuts. Acrodermatitis enteropathica is an inherited deficiency of the zinc carrier protein ZIP4 resulting in inadequate zinc absorption. It presents as growth retardation, severe diarrhea, hair loss, skin rash (most often around the genitalia and mouth) and opportunistic candidiasis and bacterial infections. Numerous small bowel diseases which cause destruction or malfunction of the gut mucosa enterocytes and generalized malabsorption are associated with zinc deficiency. Exercising, Ejaculation, high alcohol intake, and diarrhea all increase loss of zinc from the body. Changes in intestinal tract absorbability and

title: Zinc oxide

text: CoO (715 mAh g), NiO (718 mAh g) and CuO (674 mAh g). As a food additive, zinc oxide is on the U.S. FDA's list of generally recognized as safe, or GRAS, substances. Zinc oxide itself is non-toxic; however it is hazardous to inhale zinc oxide fumes, as generated when zinc or zinc alloys are melted and oxidized at high temperature. This problem occurs while melting brass because the melting point of brass is close to the boiling point of zinc. Exposure to zinc oxide in the air, which also occurs while welding galvanized (zinc plated) steel, can result in

title: Zinc chloride

text: Spraying with a zinc chloride solution forms a 1:1 complex RP:ZnCl(HO), which is more readily detected as it fluoresces better than Ruhemann’s purple. Historically, a dilute aqueous solution of zinc chloride was used as a disinfectant under the name "Burnett's Disinfecting Fluid". Zinc chloride has been used in alternative medicine to cause eschars, scabs of dead tissue, in an attempt to cure skin cancers. Various products, such as Cansema or "black salve", containing zinc chloride and sold as cancer cures have been listed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as fake with warning letters being sent to suppliers.

title: Zinc

text: absorption. Other sources include fortified food and dietary supplements in various forms. A 1998 review concluded that zinc oxide, one of the most common supplements in the United States, and zinc carbonate are nearly insoluble and poorly absorbed in the body. This review cited studies that found lower plasma zinc concentrations in the subjects who consumed zinc oxide and zinc carbonate than in those who took zinc acetate and sulfate salts. For fortification, however, a 2003 review recommended cereals (containing zinc oxide) as a cheap, stable source that is as easily absorbed as the more expensive forms. A 2005 study

title: Zinc

text: can be induced by inhalation of zinc fumes while brazing or welding galvanized materials. Zinc is a common ingredient of denture cream which may contain between 17 and 38 mg of zinc per gram. Disability and even deaths from excessive use of these products have been claimed. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) states that zinc damages nerve receptors in the nose, causing anosmia. Reports of anosmia were also observed in the 1930s when zinc preparations were used in a failed attempt to prevent polio infections. On June 16, 2009, the FDA ordered removal of zinc-based intranasal cold products

title: Zinc acetate

text: Zinc acetate Zinc acetate is a salt with the formula Zn(CHCO), which commonly occurs as the dihydrate Zn(CHCO)·2HO. Both the hydrate and the anhydrous forms are colorless solids that are commonly used in chemical synthesis and as dietary supplements. Zinc acetates are prepared by the action of acetic acid on zinc carbonate or zinc metal. When used as a food additive, it has the E number E650. Zinc acetate has been used in lozenges for treating the common cold. Zinc acetate can also be used to treat zinc deficiencies. As an oral daily supplement it is used to inhibit the

title: Zinc acetate

text: ~1.63 Å for BeO(OAc). Zinc acetate Zinc acetate is a salt with the formula Zn(CHCO), which commonly occurs as the dihydrate Zn(CHCO)·2HO. Both the hydrate and the anhydrous forms are colorless solids that are commonly used in chemical synthesis and as dietary supplements. Zinc acetates are prepared by the action of acetic acid on zinc carbonate or zinc metal. When used as a food additive, it has the E number E650. Zinc acetate has been used in lozenges for treating the common cold. Zinc acetate can also be used to treat zinc deficiencies. As an oral daily supplement it is

title: Zinc

text: from store shelves. The FDA said the loss of smell can be life-threatening because people with impaired smell cannot detect leaking gas or smoke, and cannot tell if food has spoiled before they eat it. Recent research suggests that the topical antimicrobial zinc pyrithione is a potent heat shock response inducer that may impair genomic integrity with induction of PARP-dependent energy crisis in cultured human keratinocytes and melanocytes. In 1982, the US Mint began minting pennies coated in copper but containing primarily zinc. Zinc pennies pose a risk of zinc toxicosis, which can be fatal. One reported case of chronic

title: Zinc deficiency

text: 1973 the first case of acrodermatitis enteropathica due to severe zinc deficiency was described. In 1974 the National Academy of Sciences declared zinc to be an essential element for humans and established a recommended daily allowance. In 1978 the Food and Drug Administration required zinc to be in total parenteral nutrition fluids. In the 1990s there was increasing attention on the role of zinc deficiency in childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In 2002 the zinc transporter protein ZIP4 was first identified as the mechanism for absorption of zinc in the gut across the basolateral membrane of the enterocyte.

title: Zinc

text: and zinc becomes metal catalyst of choice. In most single-tablet, over-the-counter, daily vitamin and mineral supplements, zinc is included in such forms as zinc oxide, zinc acetate, or zinc gluconate. Zinc is generally considered to be an antioxidant. However, it is redox inert and thus can serve such a function only indirectly. Generally, zinc supplement is recommended where there is high risk of zinc deficiency (such as low and middle income countries) as a preventive measure. Zinc deficiency has been associated with major depressive disorder (MDD), and zinc supplements may be an effective treatment. Zinc serves as a simple, inexpensive,

title: Zinc refining

text: Zinc refining Zinc refining is the process of purifying zinc to "special high grade" (SHG) zinc, which is at least 99.995% pure. This process is not usually required when smelting of zinc is done through electrolysis processes, but is needed when zinc is produced by pyrometallurgical processes, because it is only 98.5% pure. There are various refining methods, but the refluxing process is the most commonly used. High purity zinc is required industrially to avoid zinc pest, a slow distortion and cracking of zinc die castings caused by impurities precipitating out. The New Jersey Zinc Company invented this process in

title: Skorpion Zinc

text: oxides", which actually is a mixture of non sulphidic zinc minerals such as smithsonite, hydrozincite, tarbuttite and willemite. Finally, it is the only zinc processing facility to use solvent extraction-electrowinning metallurgy to process and refine its zinc products (others using conventional smelting and roasting). The Skorpion SX-EW plant creates Special High Grade, ultra-pure zinc cathode as a primary product, which is so low in impurities that it commands a price premium. Skorpion Zinc Skorpion Zinc is the 8th largest Zinc mine in the world, producing Special High Grade (SHG) Zinc. Since November 2010 it is owned and operated by Vedanta

title: Zinc oxide

text: sunburn and other damage to the skin caused by ultraviolet light (see sunscreen). It is the broadest spectrum UVA and UVB absorber that is approved for use as a sunscreen by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and is completely photostable. When used as an ingredient in sunscreen, zinc oxide blocks both UVA (320–400 nm) and UVB (280–320 nm) rays of ultraviolet light. Zinc oxide and the other most common physical sunscreen, titanium dioxide, are considered to be nonirritating, nonallergenic, and non-comedogenic. Zinc from zinc oxide is, however, slightly absorbed into the skin. Many sunscreens use nanoparticles of zinc

title: Zinc mining in the United States

text: zinc. The total amount of zinc produced from secondary operations was 70 tons. For primary and secondary smelters taken together, recycled products accounted for 52 percent of the refined zinc produced in US in 2014. Through 1940, the production of primary zinc by US smelters approximated the mined production of zinc ore. When zinc demand increased during World War II, US smelters turned to foreign zinc ore. US-smelted zinc reached a high of 926,000 metric tons in 1970, then dropped as smelters closed. There were 12 primary zinc smelters in 1970, but only 7 in 1980, 3 in 1990, and

title: Zinc ferrite

text: Zinc ferrite Zinc ferrites are a series of synthetic inorganic compounds of zinc and iron (ferrite) with the general formula of ZnFeO. Zinc ferrite compounds can be prepared by aging solutions of Zn(NO), Fe(NO), and triethanolamine in the presence and in the absence of hydrazine, or reacting iron oxides and zinc oxide at high temperature. Spinel (Zn, Fe) FeO appears as a tan-colored solid that is insoluble in water, acids, or diluted alkali. Because of their high opacity, zinc ferrites can be used as pigments, especially in applications requiring heat stability. For example, zinc ferrite prepared from yellow iron oxide

title: Zinc mining in the United States

text: in ore concentrates for the zinc smelter at Clarksville, Tennessee. Zinc mining in the United States Zinc mining in the United States produced an all-time high of of zinc in 2014, making it the world's fourth-largest zinc producer, after China, Australia, and Peru. Most US zinc came from the Red Dog mine in Alaska. The industry employed about 2,600 in mining, and 257 in smelting. In 2014, 609,000 metric tons of zinc, 78 percent of US mined zinc production, and 4.6 percent of world zinc production, came from the Red Dog mine in northern Alaska, which was the world's second

title: Zinc mining in the United States

text: Zinc mining in the United States Zinc mining in the United States produced an all-time high of of zinc in 2014, making it the world's fourth-largest zinc producer, after China, Australia, and Peru. Most US zinc came from the Red Dog mine in Alaska. The industry employed about 2,600 in mining, and 257 in smelting. In 2014, 609,000 metric tons of zinc, 78 percent of US mined zinc production, and 4.6 percent of world zinc production, came from the Red Dog mine in northern Alaska, which was the world's second most productive zinc mine in 2014, after the Rampura Agucha

title: Zinc

text: found that various compounds of zinc, including oxide and sulfate, did not show statistically significant differences in absorption when added as fortificants to maize tortillas. Zinc deficiency is usually due to insufficient dietary intake, but can be associated with malabsorption, acrodermatitis enteropathica, chronic liver disease, chronic renal disease, sickle cell disease, diabetes, malignancy, and other chronic illnesses. Groups at risk of zinc deficiency include the elderly, children in developing countries, and those with renal dysfunction. In the United States, a federal survey of food consumption determined that for women and men over the age of 19, average consumption was 9.7

title: Zinc

text: zinc daily may be needed in those whose diet is high in phytates, such as some vegetarians. These considerations must be balanced against the paucity of adequate zinc biomarkers, and the most widely used indicator, plasma zinc, has poor sensitivity and specificity. Diagnosing zinc deficiency is a persistent challenge. Nearly two billion people in the developing world are deficient in zinc. In children, it causes an increase in infection and diarrhea and contributes to the death of about 800,000 children worldwide per year. The World Health Organization advocates zinc supplementation for severe malnutrition and diarrhea. Zinc supplements help prevent disease

title: Zinc phosphide

text: have a strong, pungent garlic-like odor characteristic of phosphine liberated by hydrolysis. The odor attracts rodents, but has a repulsive effect on other animals; However, birds, notably wild turkeys, are not sensitive to the smell. The baits have to contain sufficient amount of zinc phosphide in sufficiently attractive food in order to kill rodents in a single serving; a sublethal dose may cause aversion towards zinc phosphide baits encountered by surviving rodents in the future. Rodenticide-grade zinc phosphide usually comes as a black powder containing 75% of zinc phosphide and 25% of antimony potassium tartrate, an emetic to cause vomiting

title: Zinc

text: carbon dioxide from blood, was shown to have zinc in its active site. The digestive enzyme carboxypeptidase became the second known zinc-containing enzyme in 1955. Zinc is the fourth most common metal in use, trailing only iron, aluminium, and copper with an annual production of about 13 million tonnes. The world's largest zinc producer is Nyrstar, a merger of the Australian OZ Minerals and the Belgian Umicore. About 70% of the world's zinc originates from mining, while the remaining 30% comes from recycling secondary zinc. Commercially pure zinc is known as Special High Grade, often abbreviated "SHG", and is 99.995%

title: Zinc

text: by 15–40%. However, inadequate or excessive zinc intake can be harmful; excess zinc particularly impairs copper absorption because metallothionein absorbs both metals. The human dopamine transporter contains a high affinity extracellular zinc binding site which, upon zinc binding, inhibits dopamine reuptake and amplifies amphetamine-induced dopamine efflux "in vitro". The human serotonin transporter and norepinephrine transporter do not contain zinc binding sites. The U.S. Institute of Medicine (IOM) updated Estimated Average Requirements (EARs) and Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for zinc in 2001. The current EARs for zinc for women and men ages 14 and up is 6.8 and 9.4 mg/day, respectively.

title: Zinc phosphide

text: is possible, but commercial spray-on zinc phosphide solar cells may be possible within ten years. Metal phosphides have been used as rodenticides. A mixture of food and zinc phosphide is left where the rodents can eat it. The acid in the digestive system of the rodent reacts with the phosphide to generate toxic phosphine gas. This method of vermin control has possible use in places where rodents are immune to other common poisons. Other pesticides similar to zinc phosphide are aluminium phosphide and calcium phosphide. Zinc phosphide is typically added to rodent baits in amount of around 0.75-2%. Such baits

title: Zinc-68

text: 18, 2, and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2. In its elemental form zinc's CAS number is 7440-66-6. The zinc atom has a radius of 133.5.pm and its Van der Waals radius is 139.pm. Combined with other elements as ores, Zinc is found in nature. Zinc is a bluish-white, lustrous metal which is sometimes produce in Special High Grade (SHG) purities. It is a fair conductor of electricity, and burns in air at high red heat with evolution of white clouds of the oxide. Zinc-68 Zinc-68 is a non-radioactive isotope of zinc. It has special application in the noninvasive

title: Zinc

text: that the concentrations there did not reflect the decline. Anthropogenic and natural emissions occur at a ratio of 20 to 1. Zinc in rivers flowing through industrial and mining areas can be as high as 20 ppm. Effective sewage treatment greatly reduces this; treatment along the Rhine, for example, has decreased zinc levels to 50 ppb. Concentrations of zinc as low as 2 ppm adversely affects the amount of oxygen that fish can carry in their blood. Soils contaminated with zinc from mining, refining, or fertilizing with zinc-bearing sludge can contain several grams of zinc per kilogram of dry soil.

title: Zinc smelting

text: zinc oxide, is also processed with the zinc sulfide. Approximately 30% of all zinc produced is from recycled sources. There are two methods of smelting zinc: the pyrometallurgical process and the electrolysis process. Both methods are still used. Both of these processes share the same first step: roasting. Roasting is a process of oxidizing zinc sulfide concentrates at high temperatures into an impure zinc oxide, called "Zinc Calcine". The chemical reactions taking place during the process are: Approximately 90% of zinc in concentrates are oxidized to zinc oxide. However, at the roasting temperatures around 10% of the zinc reacts with

title: Zinc finger

text: Zinc finger A zinc finger is a small protein structural motif that is characterized by the coordination of one or more zinc ions (Zn) in order to stabilize the fold. Originally coined to describe the finger-like appearance of a hypothesized structure from "Xenopus laevis" transcription factor IIIA, the zinc finger name has now come to encompass a wide variety of differing protein structures. "Xenopus laevis" TFIIIA was originally demonstrated to contain zinc and require the metal for function in 1983, the first such reported zinc requirement for a gene regulatory protein. Proteins that contain zinc fingers ("zinc finger proteins") are

title: Zinc

text: stomach lining through the high solubility of the zinc ion in the acidic stomach. Evidence shows that people taking 100–300 mg of zinc daily may suffer induced copper deficiency. A 2007 trial observed that elderly men taking 80 mg daily were hospitalized for urinary complications more often than those taking a placebo. Levels of 100–300 mg may interfere with the utilization of copper and iron or adversely affect cholesterol. Zinc in excess of 500 ppm in soil interferes with the plant absorption of other essential metals, such as iron and manganese. A condition called the zinc shakes or "zinc chills"

title: Zinc

text: and reduce mortality, especially among children with low birth weight or stunted growth. However, zinc supplements should not be administered alone, because many in the developing world have several deficiencies, and zinc interacts with other micronutrients. Species of "Calluna", "Erica" and "Vaccinium" can grow in zinc metalliferous soils, because translocation of toxic ions is prevented by the action of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi. Zinc deficiency appears to be the most common micronutrient deficiency in crop plants; it is particularly common in high-pH soils. Zinc-deficient soil is cultivated in the cropland of about half of Turkey and India, a third of China,

title: Zinc toxicity

text: Zinc toxicity Zinc toxicity is a medical condition involving an overdose on, or toxic overexposure to, zinc. Such toxicity levels have been seen to occur at ingestion of greater than 225 mg of zinc. Excessive absorption of zinc can suppress copper and iron absorption. The free zinc ion in solution is highly toxic to bacteria, plants, invertebrates, and even vertebrate fish. Zinc is an essential trace metal with very low toxicity in humans. Following an oral intake of extremely high doses of zinc (where 300 mg Zn/d – 20 times the US RDA – is a "low intake" overdose), nausea,

title: Zinc, Arkansas

text: over 64. Zinc, along with Bergman, is within the Bergman School District. Zinc, Arkansas Zinc is a town near the east-central edge of Boone County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 103 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Harrison Micropolitan Statistical Area. A chapter of the Ku Klux Klan operates a training and information center in Zinc. Zinc mining in the area gave the town its name. Zinc and lead mining began in the 1890s and peaked during World War I (1914-1918). A post office was established in Zinc in 1900 and the town was incorporated in

title: DJ Zinc

text: 2" was released in July 2010. In November 2009, DJ Zinc created a 2-hour mix for broadcasting on BBC Radio 1's "Essential Mix". In 2011, Zinc collaborated with A-Trak to release "Stingray", which also has a "crack house" sound. † – credited as 'DJ Zinc / DJ Hype' ‡ – credited as 'DJ Zinc featuring Eksman' DJ Zinc Benjamin Pettit, better known by his stage name DJ Zinc, is a DJ from the United Kingdom. Zinc first became known for 1995's "Super Sharp Shooter", a hip hop/jungle fusion. He went on to produce drum and bass, breakbeat and more recently

title: Zinc finger

text: chromatin remodeling, and zinc sensing, to name but a few. Zinc-binding motifs are stable structures, and they rarely undergo conformational changes upon binding their target. Initially, the term zinc finger was used solely to describe DNA-binding motif found in "Xenopus laevis"; however, it is now used to refer to any number of structures related by their coordination of a zinc ion. In general, zinc fingers coordinate zinc ions with a combination of cysteine and histidine residues. Originally, the number and order of these residues was used to classify different types of zinc fingers ( e.g., CysHis, Cys, and Cys). More

title: Skorpion Zinc

text: Skorpion Zinc Skorpion Zinc is the 8th largest Zinc mine in the world, producing Special High Grade (SHG) Zinc. Since November 2010 it is owned and operated by Vedanta Resources. Skorpion is located in southwest Namibia, near the town of Rosh Pinah. Skorpion is a unique mine in several ways. Firstly, it is a supergene zinc ore body composed of alluvial accumulations of zinc carbonate and silicate minerals of detrital nature deposited within a palaeochannel. There are no other currently commercially viable deposits of this type. It is also one of the few mines in the world which mines "zinc

title: Zinc pest

text: Zinc pest Zinc pest (from German "Zinkpest"), also known as zinc rot, is a destructive, intercrystalline corrosion process of zinc alloys containing lead impurities. While impurities of the alloy are the primary cause of the problem, environmental conditions such as high humidity (greater than 65%) may accelerate the process. It was first discovered to be a problem in 1923, and primarily affects die-cast zinc articles that were manufactured during the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s. The New Jersey Zinc Company developed zamak alloys in 1929 using 99.99% pure zinc metal to avoid the problem, and articles made after 1960 are usually

title: Zinc-68

text: Zinc-68 Zinc-68 is a non-radioactive isotope of zinc. It has special application in the noninvasive determination of human zinc requirements, metabolic diseases, liver disease, alcoholism, nutritional requirements and utilization studies. Zinc metal is also available in ultra high purity and as nanoparticles. For thin film applications it is available as rod, pellets, pieces, granules and sputtering targets and as either an ingot or powder. Zinc-68 is considered non-toxic in healthy doses but can cause nausea if taken in excess. Zinc is a d-block, Group 12, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Zinc's shells is 2, 8,

title: Zinc, Arkansas

text: Zinc, Arkansas Zinc is a town near the east-central edge of Boone County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 103 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Harrison Micropolitan Statistical Area. A chapter of the Ku Klux Klan operates a training and information center in Zinc. Zinc mining in the area gave the town its name. Zinc and lead mining began in the 1890s and peaked during World War I (1914-1918). A post office was established in Zinc in 1900 and the town was incorporated in 1904. The town had a number of business establishments and a school

title: Zinc sulfate

text: sulfuric acid: Pharmaceutical-grade zinc sulfate is produced by treating high-purity zinc oxide with sulfuric acid: In aqueous solution, all forms of zinc sulfate behave identically. These aqueous solutions consist of the metal aquo complex [Zn(HO)] and SO ions. Barium sulfate forms when these solutions are treated with solutions of barium ions: With a reduction potential of -0.76, zinc(II) reduces only with difficulty. When heated above 680 °C, zinc sulfate decomposes into sulfur dioxide gas and zinc oxide fume, both of which are hazardous. As a mineral, ZnSO•7HO is known as goslarite. Zinc sulfate occurs as several other minor minerals, such

title: Zinc refining

text: where it is only 0.003% of the total contents. Finally the vapor is pumped into the cadmium column where it is cooled to an intermediate temperature below the boiling point zinc, but still above the boiling point of cadmium (). The zinc leaves out the bottom as a refined liquid, while the cadmium leaves out the top as vapor. Zinc refining Zinc refining is the process of purifying zinc to "special high grade" (SHG) zinc, which is at least 99.995% pure. This process is not usually required when smelting of zinc is done through electrolysis processes, but is needed when

title: Zinc gluconate

text: Zinc gluconate Zinc gluconate is the zinc salt of gluconic acid. It is an ionic compound consisting of two anions of gluconate for each zinc(II) cation. Zinc gluconate is a popular form for the delivery of zinc as a dietary supplement, or the name zincum gluconicum is used when the product is described as homeopathic. Gluconic acid is found naturally, and is industrially made by the fermentation of glucose, typically by "Aspergillus niger", but also by other fungi, e.g. "Penicillium", or by bacteria, e.g. "Acetobacter", "Pseudomonas" and "Gluconobacter". In its pure form, it is a white to off-white powder. It

title: Ironbark Zinc

text: Ironbark Zinc Ironbark Zinc Limited is an Australian Securities Exchange listed (ASX: IBG) mineral resources company focused on the development of the Citronen mine Zinc Project in Greenland. The company listed on the ASX in August 2006 as Ironbark Gold and in March 2007 acquired the Citronen Project. To reflect its core focus on zinc and the Citronen Project, the company changed its name to Ironbark Zinc in November 2009. Ironbark’s goal is to develop the Citronen Project into a major base metal mining operation in Greenland. The project hosts in excess of 10 billion pounds of zinc and lead,

title: Electrolytic Zinc

text: Electrolytic Zinc Electrolytic Zinc or the Electrolyic Zinc Company of Australasia (frequently abbreviated to "EZ" ) was the company that operated a Zinc refinery on the banks of the Derwent River in Risdon in Hobart in Tasmania between 1916 and 1984. The refinery was often given names such as the "Risdon works", the "Zinc works","reduction works" The current usage and place name located at the Risdon works is identified as Lutana. The operations of the Risdon works were tied in with the mining of zinc in Rosebery on the West Coast of Tasmania. The company started operation in 1916 at

title: Zinc ferrite

text: can be used as a substitute for applications in temperatures above . When added to high corrosion-resistant coatings, the corrosion protection increases with an increase in the concentration of zinc ferrite. A recent investigation shows that the zinc ferrite, which is paramagnetic in the bulk form, becomes ferrimagnetic in nanocrystalline thin film format. A large room temperature magnetization and narrow ferromagnetic resonance linewidth have been achieved by controlling thin films growth conditions. Zinc ferrite Zinc ferrites are a series of synthetic inorganic compounds of zinc and iron (ferrite) with the general formula of ZnFeO. Zinc ferrite compounds can be prepared

title: Zinc

text: this, zinc oxide used in nuclear reactors as an anti-corrosion agent is depleted of before use, this is called depleted zinc oxide. For the same reason, zinc has been proposed as a salting material for nuclear weapons (cobalt is another, better-known salting material). A jacket of isotopically enriched would be irradiated by the intense high-energy neutron flux from an exploding thermonuclear weapon, forming a large amount of significantly increasing the radioactivity of the weapon's fallout. Such a weapon is not known to have ever been built, tested, or used. Zinc dithiocarbamate complexes are used as agricultural fungicides; these include Zineb,

title: Zinc antimonide

text: Zinc antimonide Zinc antimonide (ZnSb), (ZnSb), (ZnSb) is an inorganic chemical compound. Like indium antimonide, aluminium antimonide, and gallium antimonide, it is a semiconducting intermetallic compound. It is used in transistors, infrared detectors and thermal imagers, as well as magnetoresistive devices. History of Zinc Antimony Alloys and Zinc Antimonide The first reported use of zinc-antimony alloys was in the original work of Seebeck on thermoelectricity. By the 1860s, Moses G. Farmer, an American inventor, had developed the first high powered thermoelectric generator based on using a zinc-antimony alloy with a composition very close to stoichiometric ZnSb. He showed this generator

title: Zinc bromide

text: toxic dose for humans is 3–5 g. Zinc bromide Zinc bromide (ZnBr) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula ZnBr. It is a colourless salt that shares many properties with zinc chloride (ZnCl), namely a high solubility in water forming acidic solutions, and solubility in organic solvents. It is hygroscopic and forms a dihydrate ZnBr · 2HO. ZnBr · 2HO is prepared by treating zinc oxide or zinc metal with hydrobromic acid. The anhydrous material can be produced by dehydration of the dihydrate with hot CO or by reaction of zinc metal and bromine. Crystalline ZnBr adopts the same

title: Zinc bromide

text: Zinc bromide Zinc bromide (ZnBr) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula ZnBr. It is a colourless salt that shares many properties with zinc chloride (ZnCl), namely a high solubility in water forming acidic solutions, and solubility in organic solvents. It is hygroscopic and forms a dihydrate ZnBr · 2HO. ZnBr · 2HO is prepared by treating zinc oxide or zinc metal with hydrobromic acid. The anhydrous material can be produced by dehydration of the dihydrate with hot CO or by reaction of zinc metal and bromine. Crystalline ZnBr adopts the same structure as ZnI: four tetrahedral Zn centers

title: Zinc finger

text: Another method uses 2-finger modules to generate zinc finger arrays with up to six individual zinc fingers. The Barbas Laboratory of The Scripps Research Institute used phage display to develop and characterize zinc finger domains that recognize most DNA triplet sequences while another group isolated and characterized individual fingers from the human genome. A potential drawback with modular assembly in general is that specificities of individual zinc finger can overlap and can depend on the context of the surrounding zinc fingers and DNA. A recent study demonstrated that a high proportion of 3-finger zinc finger arrays generated by modular assembly

title: Zinc finger

text: by the coordination of these ligands by zinc were thought to resemble fingers, hence the name. More recent work in the characterization of proteins in various organisms has revealed the importance of zinc ions in polypeptide stabilization. The crystal structures of zinc finger-DNA complexes solved in 1991 and 1993 revealed the canonical pattern of interactions of zinc fingers with DNA. The binding of zinc finger is found to be distinct from many other DNA-binding proteins that bind DNA through the 2-fold symmetry of the double helix, instead zinc fingers are linked linearly in tandem to bind nucleic acid sequences of

title: Zinc oxide

text: used in the rubber industry to resist corrosion. In the 1970s, the second largest application of ZnO was photocopying. High-quality ZnO produced by the "French process" was added to photocopying paper as a filler. This application was soon displaced by titanium. The applications of zinc oxide powder are numerous, and the principal ones are summarized below. Most applications exploit the reactivity of the oxide as a precursor to other zinc compounds. For material science applications, zinc oxide has high refractive index, high thermal conductivity, binding, antibacterial and UV-protection properties. Consequently, it is added into materials and products including plastics, ceramics,

title: Zinc finger

text: specificity profiles of proteins generated by the OPEN method have never been reported. This entry represents the CysCysHisCys (C2HC) type zinc finger domain found in eukaryotes. Proteins containing these domains include: Zinc finger A zinc finger is a small protein structural motif that is characterized by the coordination of one or more zinc ions (Zn) in order to stabilize the fold. Originally coined to describe the finger-like appearance of a hypothesized structure from "Xenopus laevis" transcription factor IIIA, the zinc finger name has now come to encompass a wide variety of differing protein structures. "Xenopus laevis" TFIIIA was originally demonstrated

title: Zinc uptake regulator

text: expressed. Zinc uptake regulator The zinc uptake regulator (Zur) gene is a bacterial gene that codes for a transcription factor protein involved in zinc homeostasis. The protein is a member of the ferric uptake regulator family and binds zinc with high affinity. It typically functions as a repressor of zinc uptake proteins via binding to characteristic promoter DNA sequences in a dimer-of-dimers arrangement that creates strong cooperativity. Under conditions of zinc deficiency, the protein undergoes a conformational change that prevents DNA binding, thereby lifting the repression and causing zinc uptake genes such as ZinT and the ZnuABC zinc transporter to

title: Zinc uptake regulator

text: Zinc uptake regulator The zinc uptake regulator (Zur) gene is a bacterial gene that codes for a transcription factor protein involved in zinc homeostasis. The protein is a member of the ferric uptake regulator family and binds zinc with high affinity. It typically functions as a repressor of zinc uptake proteins via binding to characteristic promoter DNA sequences in a dimer-of-dimers arrangement that creates strong cooperativity. Under conditions of zinc deficiency, the protein undergoes a conformational change that prevents DNA binding, thereby lifting the repression and causing zinc uptake genes such as ZinT and the ZnuABC zinc transporter to be

title: Ironbark Zinc

text: David Kelly – Non Executive Director Gary Comb – Non Executive Director Ironbark Zinc Ironbark Zinc Limited is an Australian Securities Exchange listed (ASX: IBG) mineral resources company focused on the development of the Citronen mine Zinc Project in Greenland. The company listed on the ASX in August 2006 as Ironbark Gold and in March 2007 acquired the Citronen Project. To reflect its core focus on zinc and the Citronen Project, the company changed its name to Ironbark Zinc in November 2009. Ironbark’s goal is to develop the Citronen Project into a major base metal mining operation in Greenland. The

title: Debout sur le Zinc

text: Le Zinc as of 1996. William Lotvi joined as their bass player in 1998. The idea for the name Debout Sur Le Zinc, literally “standing on the zinc,” originally came after a concert in which Christophe, guitarist/singer was standing on the bar counter playing the accordion. The discovery that the bar or zinc—the material bar countertops were once made of—used to serve as a stage for people to recite poems, sing or make political speeches, and the expression also being in a poem by Jacques Prévert further reinforced the name. Debout sur le Zinc Debout Sur Le Zinc is a

title: Zinc deficiency

text: is also susceptible to the teratogenic effects of severe zinc deficiency. However, a review on zinc supplementation trials during pregnancy did not report a significant effect of zinc supplementation on neonatal survival. Zinc deficiency can interfere with many metabolic processes when it occurs during infancy and childhood, a time of rapid growth and development when nutritional needs are high. Low maternal zinc status has been associated with less attention during the neonatal period and worse motor functioning. In some studies, supplementation has been associated with motor development in very low birth weight infants and more vigorous and functional activity in

title: Zinc finger

text: a homologous DNA "donor sequence" is also used then the genomic locus can be converted to a defined sequence via the homology directed repair pathway. An ongoing clinical trial is evaluating Zinc finger nucleases that disrupt the CCR5 gene in CD4 human T-cells as a potential treatment for HIV/AIDS. The majority of engineered zinc finger arrays are based on the zinc finger domain of the murine transcription factor Zif268, although some groups have used zinc finger arrays based on the human transcription factor SP1. Zif268 has three individual zinc finger motifs that collectively bind a 9 bp sequence with high

title: Zinc–zinc oxide cycle

text: energy. Zinc–zinc oxide cycle The zinc–zinc oxide cycle or Zn–ZnO cycle is a two step thermochemical cycle based on zinc and zinc oxide for hydrogen production with a typical efficiency around 40%. The thermochemical two-step water splitting process uses redox systems: For the first endothermic step concentrating solar power is used in which zinc oxide is thermally dissociated at into zinc and oxygen. In the second non-solar exothermic step zinc reacts at with water and produces hydrogen and zinc oxide. The temperature level is realized by using a solar power tower and a set of heliostats to collect the solar

title: Zinc–zinc oxide cycle

text: Zinc–zinc oxide cycle The zinc–zinc oxide cycle or Zn–ZnO cycle is a two step thermochemical cycle based on zinc and zinc oxide for hydrogen production with a typical efficiency around 40%. The thermochemical two-step water splitting process uses redox systems: For the first endothermic step concentrating solar power is used in which zinc oxide is thermally dissociated at into zinc and oxygen. In the second non-solar exothermic step zinc reacts at with water and produces hydrogen and zinc oxide. The temperature level is realized by using a solar power tower and a set of heliostats to collect the solar thermal

title: Zinc oxide

text: hydrothermal synthesis, or melt growth. However, because of high vapor pressure of ZnO, growth from the melt is problematic. Growth by gas transport is difficult to control, leaving the hydrothermal method as a preference. Thin films can be produced by chemical vapor deposition, metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy, electrodeposition, pulsed laser deposition, sputtering, sol-gel synthesis, atomic layer deposition, spray pyrolysis, etc. Ordinary white powdered zinc oxide can be produced in the laboratory by electrolyzing a solution of sodium bicarbonate with a zinc anode. Zinc hydroxide and hydrogen gas are produced. The zinc hydroxide upon heating decomposes to zinc oxide. Nanostructures of

title: Zinc–air battery

text: energy density and easy recharging. However, primary lithium batteries offered higher discharge rates and easier handling. Mechanical recharging systems have been researched for decades for use in electric vehicles. Some approaches use a large zinc–air battery to maintain charge on a high discharge–rate battery used for peak loads during acceleration. Zinc granules serve as the reactant. Vehicles recharge via exchanging used electrolyte and depleted zinc for fresh reactants at a service station. The term zinc–air fuel cell usually refers to a zinc–air battery in which zinc metal is added and zinc oxide is removed continuously. Zinc electrolyte paste or pellets

title: Zinc aluminium

text: (for melting). ZA alloys make good bearings because their final composition includes hard eutectic zinc-aluminium-copper particles embedded in a softer zinc-aluminium matrix. The hard particles provide a low-friction bearing surface, while the softer material wears back to provide space for lubricant to flow, similar to Babbitt metal. The numbers associated with the name represent the amount of aluminium in the alloy (i.e. ZA8 has 8% aluminium). Zinc aluminium Zinc-aluminium (ZA) alloys are alloys whose main constituents are zinc and aluminium. Other alloying elements include magnesium and copper. This type of alloy was originally developed for gravity casting. Noranda, New Jersey

title: Zinc smelting

text: carbon, then distil the metallic zinc from the resulting mix in an atmosphere of carbon monoxide. The major downfall of any of the pyrometallurgical process is that it is only 98% pure; a standard composition is 1.3% lead, 0.2% cadmium, 0.03% iron, and 98.5% zinc. This may be pure enough for galvanization, but not enough for die casting alloys, which requires special high-grade zinc (99.995% pure). In order to reach this purity the zinc must be refined. The four types of commercial pyrometallurgical processes are the "St. Joseph Minerals Corporation's" (electrothermic) process, the "blast furnace" process, the "New Jersey Zinc

title: Zinc Application Framework

text: name. Zinc aimed at cross-platform development of the user interface supporting DOS, Windows, Mac and Unix. With the release of the version 5 in 1997, Zinc Software changed pricing policy and distributed "Personal Version" of the Zinc Application Framework free of charge for non-commercial use - including source code and limited only by lack of technical support and distribution rights. Zinc Software was acquired in 1998 by Wind River and continued to operate as a subsidiary. In 2004 Zinc Software was sold to Professional Software Associates (PSA). Zinc Application Framework The Zinc Application Framework is a application framework, intended for

title: Zinc hydride

text: metathesis reactions between zinc halides and alkali metal hydrides, which are significantly safer. Examples include: Small quantities of gaseous zinc(II) hydride have also been produced by laser ablation of zinc under a hydrogen atmosphere and other high energy techniques. These methods have been used to assess its gas phase properties. New evidence suggests that in zinc(II) hydride, elements form a one-dimensional network (polymer), being connected by covalent bonds. Other lower metal hydrides polymerise in a similar fashion (c.f. aluminium hydride). Solid zinc(II) hydride is the irreversible autopolymerisation product of the molecular form, and the molecular form cannot be isolated in

title: Yunnan Jinding Zinc

text: Yunnan Jinding Zinc Yunnan Jinding Zinc Corporation Ltd., founded in 2003, is a subsidiary of Sichuan Hongda, a larger mining firm which itself is a subsidiary of the Hanlong Group. It operates a mine and smelter near Jinding in Lanping County, Yunnan with an annual capacity of over 100,000 tons of zinc. The firms smelter operations are near residential housing in Jinding and other villages which has resulted in high levels of lead, zinc, and cadmium in the soil surrounding the plant and high levels of lead in the blood of residents. Environmental enforcement efforts by the Chinese and Yunnan

title: Zinc

text: in the 13th century in India. The Chinese did not learn of the technique until the 17th century. Alchemists burned zinc metal in air and collected the resulting zinc oxide on a condenser. Some alchemists called this zinc oxide "lana philosophica", Latin for "philosopher's wool", because it collected in wooly tufts, whereas others thought it looked like white snow and named it "nix album". The name of the metal was probably first documented by Paracelsus, a Swiss-born German alchemist, who referred to the metal as "zincum" or "zinken" in his book "Liber Mineralium II", in the 16th century. The word

title: Zinc

text: is coated with a thin layer of copper to give the appearance of a copper coin. In 1994, of zinc were used to produce 13.6 billion pennies in the United States. Alloys of zinc with small amounts of copper, aluminium, and magnesium are useful in die casting as well as spin casting, especially in the automotive, electrical, and hardware industries. These alloys are marketed under the name Zamak. An example of this is zinc aluminium. The low melting point together with the low viscosity of the alloy makes possible the production of small and intricate shapes. The low working temperature

title: Zinc aluminium

text: Zinc aluminium Zinc-aluminium (ZA) alloys are alloys whose main constituents are zinc and aluminium. Other alloying elements include magnesium and copper. This type of alloy was originally developed for gravity casting. Noranda, New Jersey Zinc Co. Ltd., St. Joe Mineral Co. and the International Lead Zinc Research Organization (ILZRO) were the main companies that pioneered the ZA alloys between the 1950s and the 1970s. They were designed to compete with bronze, cast iron and aluminium using sand and permanent mold casting methods. Distinguishing features of ZA alloys include high as-cast strength, excellent bearing properties, as well as low energy requirements

title: Zinc flake coating

text: panels and structural parts. In the case of wind turbines these coatings are frequently used for threaded fastening elements. Good systems are certified by, among others, the GL Group with the certificate “Germanischer Lloyd”. Zinc flake coatings are particularly well suited to high-strength bolts (strength category 10.9 and above), high-strength nuts (strength category 10 and above) and structural parts with tensile strength of > 1000 N/mm or > 320 HV because hydrogen embrittlement is avoided. Zinc flake coating Zinc flake coatings are non-electrolytically applied coatings, which provide good protection against corrosion. These coatings consist of a mixture of zinc and

title: Compounds of zinc

text: with the formula MA. Both Zn and S are tetrahedrally coordinated by the other ion. A useful property of ZnS is its phosphorescence. The other chalcogenides, ZnSe and ZnTe, have applications in electronics and optics. Of the four zinc halides, has the most ionic character, whereas the others, , , and , have relatively low melting points and are considered to have more covalent character. The pnictogenides (notable for its high melting point), , and , have various applications. Other binary compounds of zinc include zinc peroxide , zinc hydride , and zinc carbide . Zinc nitrate (used as oxidizing

title: Zinc finger chimera

text: length. Another method uses 2-finger modules to generate zinc finger arrays with up to six individual zinc fingers. The Barbas Laboratory of The Scripps Research Institute used phage display to develop and characterize zinc finger domains that recognize most DNA triplet sequences while another group isolated and characterized individual fingers from the human genome. A potential drawback with modular assembly in general is that specificities of individual zinc finger can overlap and can depend on the context of the surrounding zinc fingers and DNA. A recent study demonstrated that a high proportion of 3-finger zinc finger arrays generated by modular

title: Zinc oxide

text: ceramics. ZnO affects the melting point and optical properties of the glazes, enamels, and ceramic formulations. Zinc oxide as a low expansion, secondary flux improves the elasticity of glazes by reducing the change in viscosity as a function of temperature and helps prevent crazing and shivering. By substituting ZnO for BaO and PbO, the heat capacity is decreased and the thermal conductivity is increased. Zinc in small amounts improves the development of glossy and brilliant surfaces. However, in moderate to high amounts, it produces matte and crystalline surfaces. With regard to color, zinc has a complicated influence. Zinc oxide as

title: Zinc smelting

text: zinc chloride solution. The Anaconda Copper Company, at Anaconda, Montana, and the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company, at Trail, British Columbia, both built successful electrolytic plants in 1915 using the currently used zinc sulfate process. This method has continued to grow in importance and in 1975 accounted for 68% of world zinc production. The continuous vertical retort process was introduced in 1929 by the New Jersey Zinc Company. This process used a retort with silicon carbide walls, around 9 meters high and with a cross section of 2 by 0.3 meters. The walls of the retort were heated to 1300

title: Zinc oxide

text: the environment at high temperatures to form the non-stoichiometric ZnO, where at 800 °C, x = 0.00007. Zinc oxide is an amphoteric oxide. It is nearly insoluble in water, but it will dissolve in most acids, such as hydrochloric acid: Solid zinc oxide will also dissolve in alkalis to give soluble zincates: ZnO reacts slowly with fatty acids in oils to produce the corresponding carboxylates, such as oleate or stearate. ZnO forms cement-like products when mixed with a strong aqueous solution of zinc chloride and these are best described as zinc hydroxy chlorides. This cement was used in dentistry. ZnO

title: Zinc sulfate

text: it is not necessary for low-gravity beers as the grains commonly used in brewing already provide adequate zinc. It is a more common practice when pushing yeast to their limit by increasing alcohol content beyond their comfort zone. Before modern stainless steel, brew Kettles, fermenting vessels and after wood, zinc was slowly leached by the use of copper kettles. A modern copper immersion chiller is speculated to provide trace elements of zinc; thus care must be taken when adding supplemental zinc so as not to cause excess. Side effects include "...increased acetaldehyde and fusel alcohol production due to high yeast

title: Zinc–cerium battery

text: in zinc–bromine and zinc–chlorine redox flow batteries, no condensation device is needed to dissolve halogen gases. The reagents used in the zinc-cerium system are considerably less expensive than those used in the vanadium flow battery. Due to the high standard electrode potentials of both zinc and cerium redox reactions in aqueous media, the open-circuit cell voltage is as high as 2.43 V. Among the other proposed rechargeable aqueous flow battery systems, this system has the largest cell voltage and its power density per electrode area is second only to H2-Br2 flow battery. Methanesulfonic acid is used as supporting electrolyte, as

title: Zinc gluconate

text: of some products containing zinc gluconate. In September 2003, Zicam faced lawsuits from users who claimed that the product, a nasal gel containing zinc gluconate and several inactive ingredients, negatively affected their sense of smell and sometimes taste. Some plaintiffs alleged experiencing a strong and very painful burning sensation when they used the product. Matrixx Initiatives, Inc., the maker of Zicam, responded that only a small number of people had experienced problems and that anosmia can be caused by the common cold itself. In January 2006, 340 lawsuits were settled for $12 million. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

title: Zinc chloride

text: Zinc chloride Zinc chloride is the name of chemical compounds with the formula ZnCl and its hydrates. Zinc chlorides, of which nine crystalline forms are known, are colorless or white, and are highly soluble in water. ZnCl itself is hygroscopic and even deliquescent. Samples should therefore be protected from sources of moisture, including the water vapor present in ambient air. Zinc chloride finds wide application in textile processing, metallurgical fluxes, and chemical synthesis. No mineral with this chemical composition is known aside from the very rare mineral simonkolleite, Zn(OH)Cl·HO. Four crystalline forms (polymorphs) of ZnCl are known: α, β, γ,

title: Zinc finger chimera

text: 9 bp sequence with high affinity. The structure of this protein bound to DNA was solved in 1991 and stimulated a great deal of research into engineered zinc finger arrays. In 1994 and 1995, a number of groups used phage display to alter the specificity of a single zinc finger of Zif268. Carlos F. Barbas et al. also reported the development of zinc finger technology in the patent literature and have been granted a number of patents that have been important for the commercial development of zinc finger technology. Typical engineered zinc finger arrays have between 3 and 6 individual

title: GATA zinc finger

text: GATA zinc finger In molecular biology, GATA zinc fingers are zinc-containing domains found in a number of transcription factors (including erythroid-specific transcription factor and nitrogen regulatory proteins). Some members of this class of zinc fingers specifically bind the DNA sequence (A/T)GATA(A/G) in the regulatory regions of genes., giving rise to the name of the domain. In these domains, a single zinc ion is coordinated by 4 cysteine residues. NMR studies have shown the core of the Znf to comprise 2 irregular anti-parallel beta-sheets and an alpha-helix, followed by a long loop to the C-terminal end of the finger. The N-terminal

title: Zinc–carbon battery

text: Zinc–carbon battery A zinc–carbon battery is a dry cell primary battery that delivers about 1.5 volts of direct current from the electrochemical reaction between zinc and manganese dioxide. A carbon rod collects the current from the manganese dioxide electrode, giving the name to the cell. A dry cell is usually made of a zinc can which also serves as the anode with a negative potential, while the inert carbon rod is the positive cathode. General purpose batteries may use an aqueous paste of ammonium chloride as electrolyte, possibly mixed with some zinc chloride solution. "Heavy duty" types use a paste

title: Zinc sulfate

text: as zincmelanterite, (Zn,Cu,Fe)SO•7HO (structurally different from goslarite). Lower hydrates of zinc sulfate are rarely found in nature: (Zn,Fe)SO•6HO (bianchite), (Zn,Mg)SO•4HO (boyleite), and (Zn,Mn)SO•HO (gunningite). Zinc sulfate Zinc sulfate is an inorganic compound and dietary supplement. As a supplement it is used to treat zinc deficiency and to prevent the condition in those at high risk. Side effects of excess supplementation may include abdominal pain, vomiting, headache, and tiredness. It has the formula ZnSO as well as any of three hydrates. It was historically known as "white vitriol". All of the various forms are colourless solids. The heptahydrate form is commonly

title: Zinc deficiency (plant disorder)

text: parent material) have low total zinc concentrations, and others have low plant-available zinc due to strong zinc sorption (calcareous soils, highly weathered soils, vertisols, hydromorphic soils, saline soils). Soils low in organic matter (such as where topsoils have been removed), and compacted soils that restrict root proliferation also have a high risk of zinc deficiency. Application of phosphorus fertilizers has frequently been associated with zinc deficiency; this may be due to enhanced sorption by clay minerals (especially iron oxides), suppression of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae and/or immobilization of zinc in plant tissues. Liming of soils also frequently induces zinc deficiency by

title: Zinc–air battery

text: Zinc–air battery Zinc–air batteries (non-rechargeable; IEC codes: A, P), and zinc–air fuel cells (mechanically rechargeable) are metal-air batteries powered by oxidizing zinc with oxygen from the air. These batteries have high energy densities and are relatively inexpensive to produce. Sizes range from very small button cells for hearing aids, larger batteries used in film cameras that previously used mercury batteries, to very large batteries used for electric vehicle propulsion. During discharge, a mass of zinc particles forms a porous anode, which is saturated with an electrolyte. Oxygen from the air reacts at the cathode and forms hydroxyl ions which migrate

title: Yunnan Jinding Zinc

text: governments have been ineffective. High levels of lead in household dust was found in residences in the area. Lead in household dust is one way lead is ingested by children. Yunnan Jinding Zinc Yunnan Jinding Zinc Corporation Ltd., founded in 2003, is a subsidiary of Sichuan Hongda, a larger mining firm which itself is a subsidiary of the Hanlong Group. It operates a mine and smelter near Jinding in Lanping County, Yunnan with an annual capacity of over 100,000 tons of zinc. The firms smelter operations are near residential housing in Jinding and other villages which has resulted in high

title: Zinc–air battery

text: regulations now require proper disposal of primary batteries removed from navigation aids. Formerly, discarded zinc–air primary batteries were dropped into the water around buoys, which allowed mercury to escape into the environment. Zinc–air battery Zinc–air batteries (non-rechargeable; IEC codes: A, P), and zinc–air fuel cells (mechanically rechargeable) are metal-air batteries powered by oxidizing zinc with oxygen from the air. These batteries have high energy densities and are relatively inexpensive to produce. Sizes range from very small button cells for hearing aids, larger batteries used in film cameras that previously used mercury batteries, to very large batteries used for electric vehicle

title: Zinc

text: zinc. Other applications are in electrical batteries, small non-structural castings, and alloys such as brass. A variety of zinc compounds are commonly used, such as zinc carbonate and zinc gluconate (as dietary supplements), zinc chloride (in deodorants), zinc pyrithione (anti-dandruff shampoos), zinc sulfide (in luminescent paints), and zinc methyl or zinc diethyl in the organic laboratory. Zinc is an essential mineral, including to prenatal and postnatal development. Zinc deficiency affects about two billion people in the developing world and is associated with many diseases. In children, deficiency causes growth retardation, delayed sexual maturation, infection susceptibility, and diarrhea. Enzymes with a

title: Zinc chloride

text: chloride reacts with zinc oxide to form an amorphous cement that was first investigated in the 1855 by Stanislas Sorel. Sorel later went on to investigate the related magnesium oxychloride cement, which bears his name. When hydrated zinc chloride is heated, one obtains a residue of Zn(OH)Cl e.g. The compound ZnCl·½HCl·HO may be prepared by careful precipitation from a solution of ZnCl acidified with HCl. It contains a polymeric anion (ZnCl ) with balancing monohydrated hydronium ions, HO ions. The formation of highly reactive anhydrous HCl gas formed when zinc chloride hydrates are heated is the basis of qualitative inorganic

title: DJ Zinc

text: DJ Zinc Benjamin Pettit, better known by his stage name DJ Zinc, is a DJ from the United Kingdom. Zinc first became known for 1995's "Super Sharp Shooter", a hip hop/jungle fusion. He went on to produce drum and bass, breakbeat and more recently UK garage and house. Zinc's career as a DJ and producer stretches the steady evolution of hardcore from its house roots through ragga and hip hop-styled hardstep and beyond. In 1991, he began his radio show with then partner DJ Swift on London's Impact FM. He continued to DJ on various pirate radio stations including Rinse

title: Electrolytic Zinc

text: the refinery, and the EZ name was established in 1920. The settlement of the suburb of Risdon was almost exclusively that of EZ workers. EZ company was a major employer in Hobart and an important part of the Tasmanian economy. Pollution from the works was an issue for the company, and successor companies that operated the works as well as disposal of waste out to sea. The subsequent owners and operators of the Risdon works after the takeover in 1984 were :- Electrolytic Zinc Electrolytic Zinc or the Electrolyic Zinc Company of Australasia (frequently abbreviated to "EZ" ) was the

title: Zinc (horse)

text: of Richmond's grey filly Dandizette "in grand style" to win her second classic by nearly three lengths. The Oaks was the only occasion on which Zinc raced away from Newmarket. Zinc returned to Newmarket for the "First October" meeting, which despite its name began on 29 September. On that day she ran in the Grand Duke Michael Stakes, a 1,250 guinea race for three-year-olds over ten furlongs. She started the 10/1 outsider of the four runners and finished second to the Derby winner Emilius, beating both Nicolo and Spermaceti. At the Second October meeting two weeks later, Zinc ended her

title: Zinc finger

text: varying lengths. Zinc fingers often bind to a sequence of DNA known as the GC box. The modular nature of the zinc finger motif allows for a large number of combinations of DNA and RNA sequences to be bound with high degree of affinity and specificity, and is therefore ideally suited for engineering protein that can be targeted to and bind specific DNA sequences. In 1994, it was shown that an artificially-constructed three-finger protein can block the expression of an oncogene in a mouse cell line. Zinc fingers fused to various other effector domains, some with therapeutic significance, have since

title: Cadmium zinc telluride

text: Cadmium zinc telluride Cadmium zinc telluride, (CdZnTe) or CZT, is a compound of cadmium, zinc and tellurium or, more strictly speaking, an alloy of cadmium telluride and zinc telluride. A direct bandgap semiconductor, it is used in a variety of applications, including semiconductor radiation detectors, photorefractive gratings, electro-optic modulators, solar cells, and terahertz generation and detection. The band gap varies from approximately 1.4 to 2.2 eV, depending on composition. Radiation detectors using CZT can operate in direct-conversion (or photoconductive) mode at room temperature, unlike some other materials (particularly germanium) which require liquid nitrogen cooling. Their relative advantages include high sensitivity

title: High-Level Conference on World Food Security

text: High-Level Conference on World Food Security The High-Level Conference on World Food Security was a conference held in Rome on 3–5 June 2008 under the auspices of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Its formal name was "High-Level Conference on World Food Security: the Challenges of Climate Change and Bioenergy". The Conference followed Expert Meetings and Stakeholder Consultations held by the FAO between January and April 2008. The conference focused on the world food price crisis, climate change and agriculture and food vs fuel issues. One major issue was whether to increase production of biofuels, or whether