query: What is the primary language in Iceland?

title: Rugby union in Iceland

text: Rugby union in Iceland Rugby union is a minor sport in Iceland with a discontinuous history. The ancient Norse had a sport called "knattleikr"; while this differed substantially from rugby in that it used sticks, it also had a couple of similarities to it in tackling methods and that the ball could be carried. As a purist language, which has almost no modern foreign loanwords, Icelandic has a unique name for rugby, "Ruðningur". It is perhaps the only language to use its own name for the sport which is not cognate with "rugby". Iceland was formerly a colony of Denmark,

title: Military history of Iceland

text: its services under the command of the Coast Guard or National Police. To save money and to restore the primary role of the Icelandic Coast Guard in defense, the Defence Agency was shut down on January 1, 2011. Iceland Air Meet 2014 hosted NATO and other Nordic countries for the first time. Military history of Iceland This is a brief overview of historical warfare and recent developments in what today constitutes the Republic of Iceland. In the period from the settlement of Iceland, in the 870s, until it became part of the realm of the Norwegian King, military defences of

title: Anarchism in Iceland

text: Anarchism in Iceland Anarchism is a small minority political movement in Iceland, defined by its relationship with other progressive social movements, and its involvement in primarily ideological work. Anarchist historians and philosophers have looked to the Icelandic Commonwealth with interest since the 19th century. The Russian anarchist Peter Kropotkin first noted in his book "" that Norse society, from which the settlers in Iceland came, had various "mutual aid" institutions, including communal land ownership (based around what he called ""the village community"") and a form of social self-administration, the "Thing" – both local and Iceland-wide – which can be considered

title: Renewable energy in Iceland

text: ensure the protection of marine life. The H-ship project is a step in Iceland's plan to be the first country to phase out fossil fuels. Government funding and private organizations, such as the World Renewable Energy Congress, are the primary sponsors of research in this area. Several Icelandic institutions offer education in renewable energy at a university level and research programmes for its advancement: Several companies, public and private, are conducting extensive research in the field of renewable energy: Renewable energy in Iceland About 85% of the total primary energy supply in Iceland is derived from domestically produced renewable energy

title: Iceland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014

text: In the first semi-final, the producers of the show decided that Iceland would perform 5th, following Sweden and preceding Albania. Iceland qualified from the first semi-final and competed in the final on 10 May 2014. During the winner's press conference for the first semi-final qualifiers, Iceland was allocated to compete in the first half of the final. In the final, the producers of the show decided that Iceland would perform 4th, following Azerbaijan and preceding Norway. Iceland placed 15th in the final, scoring 58 points. While the Icelandic entry was selected to be performed in a language mix of Icelandic

title: Polish immigrants in Iceland

text: to Iceland. The demographic is largely endogamous and insular. Poles in Iceland typically speak Polish, watch Polish television, continue to practice Catholicism and have opened Polish restaurants. A study conducted in 2012 suggested that most Poles in the country used the English language more often than Icelandic in their daily lives, found English more useful and often learned it before learning Icelandic. While some commentary has found that, despite their difficulty assimilating, Poles have not often been met with much xenophobia in Iceland, academic research has found that Eastern European migrants in Iceland do experience significant racism and xenophobia. Polish

title: Rugby union in Iceland

text: and when Denmark was occupied by Germany during World War II, British forces occupied Iceland itself. However, it is not recorded whether they played in Iceland while stationed there. Rugby itself was first played in Denmark in 1931, and did not reach Iceland – likewise, the Danish Rugby Union was founded after Icelandic independence in 1950. Iceland became independent in 1944, and the British turned their base over to the USA which took responsibility for the defence of the island during the Cold War. What little rugby appears to have been played in Iceland seems to have been at the

title: Whaling in Iceland

text: accused of slaughtering a blue whale. The country's cultural relationship with whales is reflected in the Icelandic language: "hvalreki" is the word for "beached whale", while also meaning something good that is unexpectedly yours or at your disposal. Iceland now has its own whale watching sector, which exists in uneasy tension with the whaling industry. Ancient literature, such as the Norse sagas, does not reveal a history of whale fisheries in Iceland but occasionally describes conflicts between various families over whale carcasses and early links between Scandinavian people and whales. For example, Vikings from Norway introduced the whaling techniques of

title: Languages of Iceland

text: Languages of Iceland Iceland has been a very isolated and linguistically homogeneous island historically, but has nevertheless been home to several languages. Gaelic was the native language to many of the early Icelanders. Although the Icelandic or Norse language prevails, northern trade routes brought German, English, Dutch, French and Basque to Iceland. Some merchants and clergymen settled in Iceland throughout the centuries, leaving their mark on culture, but linguistically mainly trade, nautical, and religious terms. Excluding these and Latin words, Icelandic has been altered remarkably little since settlement. Icelandic is not only the national language, but is now “the official

title: Human rights in Iceland

text: Human rights in Iceland Iceland is generally considered to be one of the leading countries in the world in regard to the human rights enjoyed by its citizens. Human rights are guaranteed by Sections VI and VII of Iceland's Constitution. Since 1989, a post of Ombudsman exists. Elections are free and fair, security forces report to civilian authorities, there is no state violence, and human-rights groups are allowed to operate without restriction. Religious freedom is guaranteed, and discrimination based on race, gender, disability, language, or other factors is illegal. The General Committee of the Icelandic Parliament, the Althingi, is responsible

title: Languages of Iceland

text: language in Iceland” by virtue of Act No 61/2011, adopted by parliament in 2011. Icelandic Sign Language was also officially recognised by law in 2011 as a minority language with constitutional rights and the first language of the Icelandic deaf community. During the time of Danish rule, Danish was a minority language in Iceland, although it is nowadays only spoken by a small number of immigrants. Studying English and Danish (or another Scandinavian language) is mandatory for students in compulsory schools and also part of many secondary-level study programmes, so knowledge of the two languages is widespread. Other foreign languages

title: Internet in Iceland

text: commercial Internet users in Iceland. Other members of the Reykjavik Internet Exchange didn't institute the null route, but both Vodafone and Síminn blocked it at their Icelandic routers. The codice_1 domain subsequently expired and the site was taken down by its operator. But a similar site codice_3 sprang up to replace it. Both Vodafone Iceland and Síminn updated their blocks to null route codice_4, the IP address codice_3 resolves to. codice_1 was a 4chan-like image board in the Icelandic language which had been making the news for cyber-bullying, child porn and similar material. The administrators of the site had rejected

title: International School of Iceland

text: and Art Club. Past offerings include computer coding, role-playing games and creativity, Mandarin Chinese Language, Spanish Language, Icelandic Enrichment, Football (Soccer) Club, Chess Club, Science Club and DJ Workshop. International School of Iceland The International School of Iceland (abbreviated ISI; official name in Icelandic: Alþjóðaskólinn á Íslandi) is a private, non-profit school in Garðabær, Iceland. It is the only international school in the Reykjavík area of Iceland, first established in 1960 as the American Embassy School. ISI has received support in the form of grants, training and consultation from the Office of Overseas Schools in Washington, D.C. since the 1960s.

title: Iceland–Philippines relations

text: from a developing country. On the other hand, it was not always work that encouraged Filipinos to move to Iceland. Filipino migration to Iceland began with a few Filipina women moving to Iceland to marry Icelandic men in the 1990s. This gave them an advantage of learning the local language much quicker as compared to other Filipino workers who often only work alone or with their co-foreigners. Aside from work, one key reason for migrating to Iceland is family reunification. Iceland–Philippines relations Iceland–Philippines relations refers to the bilateral relations of Iceland and the Philippines. Diplomatic ties between the two countries

title: Human rights in Iceland

text: are adjudicated by the Complaints Committee on Equal Status, whose members are appointed by the minister of social affairs and social security, who also appoints members of the Equal Status Council, which makes recommendations for improving workplace equality. A CGE pamphlet addressed to foreign women in Iceland explains to them what their rights are as residents of Iceland, and also contains information about Icelandic law regarding residency, marriage, divorce, custody, social benefits, and domestic abuse. In addition, it provides contact information for organizations that can help women in abusive situations. The pamphlet explains that men and women in Iceland are

title: Iceland Symphony Orchestra

text: Iceland Symphony Orchestra Sinfóníuhljómsveit Íslands (Iceland Symphony Orchestra) (ISO) is an Icelandic orchestra based in Reykjavík, Iceland. Its primary concert venue is Harpa Concert Hall. The French conductor Yan Pascal Tortelier is the orchestra's Chief Conductor, Osmo Vänskä is its Honorary Conuctor and Vladimir Ashkenazy holds the post of Conductor Laureate. In 2018 Anna Thorvaldsdottir assumed the position of Composer-in-Residence with the orchestra and Bjarni Frímann Bjarnason was appointed as Assistant Conductor. The ISO is an autonomous public institution under the auspices of the Icelandic Ministry of Education. The Iceland Symphony Orchestra made its home in Háskólabíó (University Cinema) from

title: Telecommunications in Iceland

text: Iceland. In 2010, all NMT (1G) networks were shut down. Nova was first to offer 4G followed by Síminn. There are no area codes in Iceland, and all telephone numbers have seven digits. The international dialling code is +354. Due to the Icelandic naming system, people are listed by their first name in the telephone directory, and not by their last name (which is usually patronym, or, rarely, a matronym). Television in Iceland began in September 1966. Telecommunications in Iceland Telecommunications in Iceland is a diversified market. The largest Internet service providers in Iceland: Iceland has numerous internet hosting services:

title: Golden Circle (Iceland)

text: and the Nesjavellir and Hellisheiðarvirkjun geothermal power plants. The name "Golden Circle" is a marketing term for the route, derived from the name of Gullfoss, which means "gold waterfall" in Icelandic. Golden Circle (Iceland) The Golden Circle (Icelandic: "Gullni hringurinn") is a popular tourist route in southern Iceland, covering about looping from Reykjavík into the southern uplands of Iceland and back. It is the area that contains most tours and travel-related activities in Iceland. The three primary stops on the route are the Þingvellir National Park, the Gullfoss waterfall, and the geothermal area in Haukadalur, which contains the geysers Geysir

title: Languages of Iceland

text: frequently studied include German, Spanish and French. Temporary visitors and residents often make up a large portion of the population, especially in the capital Reykjavík. Languages of Iceland Iceland has been a very isolated and linguistically homogeneous island historically, but has nevertheless been home to several languages. Gaelic was the native language to many of the early Icelanders. Although the Icelandic or Norse language prevails, northern trade routes brought German, English, Dutch, French and Basque to Iceland. Some merchants and clergymen settled in Iceland throughout the centuries, leaving their mark on culture, but linguistically mainly trade, nautical, and religious terms.

title: Iceland in the Cold War

text: interceptor of Soviet reconnaissance bombers and base for offensive actions against the USSR in case of war. There is evidence that the Americans had by 1948 concrete plans to quell any potential Socialist coup in Iceland. In 1948, it was thought unlikely that the USSR would invade or directly support any coup in Iceland. In the 1950s, American and NATO officials were not keen on an Icelandic return to neutrality. Their fears were that the USSR would seize Iceland in the event of war before NATO would be able to. In 1954, the United States National Security Council categorized Iceland

title: Iceland in the Cold War

text: The Americans were allowed to keep 3900 troops on Icelandic soil, access territory in Keflavík and build four radar stations. Iceland's provision of territory for the base and all the associated costs with the military base counted towards Iceland's contribution to NATO, which meant in effect that Iceland did not have to pay anything into NATO's collective funds. There is no evidence that nuclear weapons were ever stored in Iceland. Interactions between US soldiers and Icelandic women were highly contentious in Iceland. The Icelandic government consequently requested curfews and other limits to US soldiers' freedom of movement in Iceland. Many

title: Golden Circle (Iceland)

text: Golden Circle (Iceland) The Golden Circle (Icelandic: "Gullni hringurinn") is a popular tourist route in southern Iceland, covering about looping from Reykjavík into the southern uplands of Iceland and back. It is the area that contains most tours and travel-related activities in Iceland. The three primary stops on the route are the Þingvellir National Park, the Gullfoss waterfall, and the geothermal area in Haukadalur, which contains the geysers Geysir and Strokkur. Though Geysir has been mostly dormant for many years, Strokkur continues to erupt every 5–10 minutes. Other stops include the Kerið volcanic crater, the town of Hveragerði, Skálholt cathedral,

title: New Iceland

text: New Iceland New Iceland ( ) is the name of a region on Lake Winnipeg in the Canadian province Manitoba which was named for settlers from Iceland. It was settled in 1875. The first Icelandic emigrants to Canada were Mormons from the Westman Islands. The more general migration followed an offer from Lord Dufferin of land in Manitoba to establish what amounted to a "free state". Due to harsh environmental and economic conditions in Iceland, including the eruption of Mount Askja, some 20,000 Icelanders left their homeland between 1870 and 1915 - roughly a quarter of the population of Iceland.

title: Buddhism in Iceland

text: Buddhism in Iceland Buddhism in Iceland has existed since the 1990s after immigration from countries with Buddhist populations, mainly Thailand. As of 2008, there are three Buddhist organizations in Iceland officially recognized as religious organizations by the Icelandic government. The oldest and largest is the Buddhist Association of Iceland, a Theravada group, which was recognized in 1996 and had 880 members in 2010. Another group, Zen in Iceland – Night Pasture, a Zen group, was recognized in 1999 and had 75 members in 2010. The most recent group is, SGI in Iceland, a Soka Gakkai group, which was recognized in

title: Buddhism in Iceland

text: 2008 with 135 members. Together, these three organizations represent approximately 0.3% of the population of Iceland. This is more than the Islamic groups but less than the pagan groups. Buddhism in Iceland Buddhism in Iceland has existed since the 1990s after immigration from countries with Buddhist populations, mainly Thailand. As of 2008, there are three Buddhist organizations in Iceland officially recognized as religious organizations by the Icelandic government. The oldest and largest is the Buddhist Association of Iceland, a Theravada group, which was recognized in 1996 and had 880 members in 2010. Another group, Zen in Iceland – Night Pasture,

title: Iceland GeoSurvey

text: of the National Energy Authority of Iceland (Orkustofnun). Research on Iceland’s indigenous energy resources goes back to the 18th century. Systematic energy research by Icelandic government institutes started in 1944 and has been carried out continuously ever since. Iceland GeoSurvey and its predecessor have from the start played a key role in this work. This research and the activities of the Icelandic power industry have resulted in that over 50% of the primary energy use in Iceland at present has its source in geothermal energy. Iceland GeoSurvey provides a wide variety of energy research, exploration and development services on contract

title: New Iceland

text: immigrants eventually learned to handle the ax, prepare the soil, fish through ice, and hunt game. They also learned how to drain the land, grow crops, and build better houses. These Icelandic settlers, known in their native language as "Vestur-Íslendingar" (meaning Icelanders in the West; initially many Icelanders did not see emigration as a change of country, and there was some discussion of moving the entire population), called their settlement "New Iceland", and the region remains a symbolic center of the Icelandic heritage in Canada today. New Iceland New Iceland ( ) is the name of a region on Lake

title: Iceland Symphony Orchestra

text: with the popular music industry. In 1986, an album entitled "Í takt við tímann" (“In keeping with the times”) where the ISO performed a selection of Icelandic pop classics. Since 2002, ISO has regularly performed with pop musicians in concert, often recording and publishing the results on CD. The following list demonstrates the main bands and artists who have been associated with the ISO in concert: Iceland Symphony Orchestra Sinfóníuhljómsveit Íslands (Iceland Symphony Orchestra) (ISO) is an Icelandic orchestra based in Reykjavík, Iceland. Its primary concert venue is Harpa Concert Hall. The French conductor Yan Pascal Tortelier is the orchestra's

title: Iceland in the Cold War

text: Iceland, as the United Kingdom conceded to a Icelandic exclusive fishery zone following threats that Iceland would leave NATO. As a result, British fishing communities lost access to rich areas and were devastated, with thousands of jobs lost. The term "cod war" was coined by a British journalist in early September 1958. None of the Cod Wars meets any of the common thresholds for a conventional war, though, and they may more accurately be described as militarized interstate disputes. There is only one confirmed death during the Cod Wars: an Icelandic engineer killed in the Second Cod War. Iceland hosted

title: Corruption in Iceland

text: not consider corruption an obstacle for doing business in Iceland, according to World Economic Forum Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014. Corruption in Iceland Corruption in Iceland describes the prevention and occurrence of corruption in Iceland. According to several sources, corruption is not common on a daily basis in Iceland. However, the global financial crisis and subsequent revelations have had a negative impact on the integrity and independence of Iceland's governing institutions. Transparency International's 2016 Corruption Perception Index ranks the country 13th place out of 180 countries. According to GRECO's evaluation report 2013, the Icelandic political system was weakened by potential nepotism,

title: Iceland and the International Monetary Fund

text: set at positive 2-3 percent by 2010. Additionally Iceland determined that it would not support the losses of its pension funds and social service programmes in order not to take up additional obligations. One of the primary objectives of the Icelandic government in seeking an IMF programme was to stabilize the ISK and to set a path for its gradual appreciation. To stabilize short term pressures on the ISK the Central Bank of Iceland raised interest rates to 18% and prepared to back the krona with its foreign reserves, specifically for which Iceland asked for an IMF programme . The

title: Media of Iceland

text: four times a week. Viðskiptablaðið, Icelandic Financial News (lit. ‘the commercial newspaper’), is the country’s principal business-oriented newspaper. Iceland Review is an English language magazine about Iceland, published quarterly. The Reykjavík Grapevine is a free alternative magazine published and based in Reykjavík, Iceland, since June 2003. The magazine prints practical information on traveling and leisure for travelers, along with articles on music, arts, politics, nightlife and Icelandic culture in general. The internet is unrestricted by the government, and is used by around 97% of the population. Government has put in place rules that force telecommunication companies to block popular file

title: Sport in Iceland

text: Kópavogur that year. Archery is one of the oldest Viking sports in Iceland. In golf, Ólafía Þórunn Kristinsdóttir has played full-time in the LPGA Tour. Sport in Iceland Sports in Iceland are very popular. Popular sports include handball, football, athletics, basketball, golf, volleyball, tennis, swimming and rock climbing; horseback riding on Icelandic horses is also popular and also archery. In some of those sports, namely handball, football and basketball, Iceland is extremely successful, considering its population. It manages to compete at comparable level with countries that have 10-200 times its population. Iceland's most famous athlete comes from the world of

title: Healthcare in Iceland

text: specialist medical training system, so Icelandic doctors typically spend 8 or 10 years working abroad before returning to the country. They often use the relationship established in training for ongoing support. The country is divided into 7 healthcare districts which correspond to the 8 regions of Iceland with the exception of the Northwestern Region and the Northeastern Region which are a single healthcare district. There are two hospitals in Iceland, both of which are general and specialised. Healthcare in Iceland Healthcare in Iceland is universal. The healthcare system is largely paid for by taxes (85%) and to some extent by

title: Iceland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008

text: behind Poland and before Turkey where they picked up 64 points. Although ranking 14th, it became the most successful Icelandic entry since the Eurovision Song Contest 2003 where Iceland placed 8th. Iceland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 Iceland participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 with the song "This Is My Life" performed by Eurobandið. It was chosen through Laugardagslögin, the national selection for Iceland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008. The winning song of the final, "This Is My Life" by Eurobandið, represented Iceland in Belgrade, on 22 May, where they participated in the second semi final. Qualifying

title: Islam in Iceland

text: for gender equality, a discourse which in Kristín's assessment is 'used as a way to dwell on the criticism of Muslims in general, and to the glory of European societies'. Óttar M. Norðfjörð's 2010 novel "Örvitinn eða; Hugsjónamaðurinn" satirises Islamophobic attitudes. Many Icelandic Muslims prefer not to join a formal organisation, considering their relationship with God a personal one. Islam in Iceland Islam in Iceland is a minority religion. The Pew Research Center estimated that less than 10,000 people in Iceland were Muslim in 2010.In 2011 the Muslims of Iceland attracted the interest of Al Jazeera, which planned a documentary

title: Football in Iceland

text: Football in Iceland Football is the most popular sport in Iceland. Iceland hosted the U-18 European Championship in 1997, but an Icelandic national team has qualified for the final competition of a major tournament only four times—twice by the women's national team at UEFA Women's Euro in 2009 and 2013, and twice by the men's team at UEFA Euro 2016 and the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The only Iceland teams to advance past the group stage at a major tournament are the women in 2013 and the men in 2016. Iceland's most famous footballer is Eiður Guðjohnsen. He has won

title: Smoking in Iceland

text: Smoking in Iceland Smoking in Iceland is banned in restaurants, cafés, bars and night clubs as of June 2007. A large majority of Icelanders approve of the ban. At the time the ban went into effect, almost one in four Icelandic people were smokers. Iceland has the third highest proportion of people who never smoke at 81%, when compared to other European countries. In 1971, Iceland because the first country to ban tobacco advertising in the mass media, movie theaters, and outdoors. In addition, the country required that 0.2% of tobacco sales were diverted towards tobacco control. In 1977 all

title: Smoking in Iceland

title: Islam in Iceland

text: others came as refugees, including groups from Kosovo. The Koran was first translated into Icelandic in 1993, with a corrected edition in 2003. Salmann Tamimi estimates that when he came to Iceland in 1971 there were perhaps seven Muslims living there. As of 2013, however, The first generation of Muslims born in Iceland probably began with people like Salmann's own children, such as Yousef Ingi Tamimi (b. 1988). Iceland's Muslim population is of diverse origins, including people born in the Arab world, Albania, Africa, and Iceland. The Muslim Association of Iceland ("Félag múslima á Íslandi") was founded in 1997 by

title: Corruption in Iceland

text: Corruption in Iceland Corruption in Iceland describes the prevention and occurrence of corruption in Iceland. According to several sources, corruption is not common on a daily basis in Iceland. However, the global financial crisis and subsequent revelations have had a negative impact on the integrity and independence of Iceland's governing institutions. Transparency International's 2016 Corruption Perception Index ranks the country 13th place out of 180 countries. According to GRECO's evaluation report 2013, the Icelandic political system was weakened by potential nepotism, close personal relationships between public officials and business and political patronage at the local level. In general, businesses do

title: In What Language?

text: In What Language? In What Language? is a studio album by American jazz pianist Vijay Iyer recorded with hip-hop artist Mike Ladd. The album was released on via Pi Recordings label. Joe Tangari of "Piitchfork" mentioned "What might make "In What Language?" truly important, though, is that it's focused intently on probing social issues in meaningful ways. We've all spent time lately lamenting the fact that modern music is so apolitical, and this is a good start for an antidote. If it takes a poet and a jazz pianist to expose some truth in an age where the American dream

title: In What Language?

text: eyes, our bodies, our hearts, our minds." In What Language? In What Language? is a studio album by American jazz pianist Vijay Iyer recorded with hip-hop artist Mike Ladd. The album was released on via Pi Recordings label. Joe Tangari of "Piitchfork" mentioned "What might make "In What Language?" truly important, though, is that it's focused intently on probing social issues in meaningful ways. We've all spent time lately lamenting the fact that modern music is so apolitical, and this is a good start for an antidote. If it takes a poet and a jazz pianist to expose some truth

title: In What Language?

text: is being able to watch TV and play video games at the same time, so be it. We can only hope it inspires real discourse and real thought." Lyn Horton of All About Jazz noted "A concrete lesson seems to emanate from "In What Language?" and it is this: that no matter what language distinguishes the nature of the present global geo-political culture, the language spoken has a clear and consistent meaning borne in its content. The language transcends any dialect. And if we are determined enough, within our commonly shared humanity, we can speak the same language. In our

title: Renewable energy in Iceland

text: Renewable energy in Iceland About 85% of the total primary energy supply in Iceland is derived from domestically produced renewable energy sources. This is the highest share of renewable energy in any national total energy budget. In 2016 geothermal energy provided about 65% of primary energy, the share of hydropower was 20%, and the share of fossil fuels (mainly oil products for the transport sector) was 15%. In 2013 Iceland also became a producer of wind energy. The main use of geothermal energy is for space heating, with the heat being distributed to buildings through extensive district-heating systems. About 85%

title: Education in Iceland

text: teacher teaches the pupils all of their subjects. From year eight upwards, pupils receive teaching from a number of different teachers (this marks the boundary between primary education and lower secondary education). Groups may be mixed around year by year. Primary school teachers are general teachers who have received their training at either the University of Iceland or the University of Akureyri. The typical course lasts three years. Lower secondary teachers may also be trained at the University of Iceland. A BA or BS degree is required in this situation. The courses are designed to be both academic and practical.

title: Geothermal power in Iceland

text: is generated by hydro power, and 0.1% from fossil fuels. Consumption of primary geothermal energy in 2004 was 79.7 petajoules (PJ), approximately 53.4% of the total national consumption of primary energy, 149.1 PJ. The corresponding share for hydro power was 17.2%, petroleum was 26.3%, and coal was 3%. Plans are underway to turn Iceland into a 100% fossil-fuel-free nation in the near future. For example, Iceland's abundant geothermal energy has enabled renewable energy initiatives, such as Carbon Recycling International's carbon dioxide to methanol fuel process. The following are the five largest power stations in Iceland. Geothermal energy also provides tourist

title: Iceland in the Cold War

text: a US military base in Iceland. One US official proposed that the US fund pro-Western political parties in Iceland.The US Ambassador to Iceland decided against this because the political risks were too high. If the operation had been exposed, the prospects for a military base in Iceland would have been low, owing to, what the Ambassador described as, the fierce nationalism, independence and sensitivity of the Icelanders. The Ambassador noted that it was safer not to deceive the Icelanders, but to engage with the Icelanders above the board and trust that they would continue to lean westward. In case of

title: Renewable energy in Iceland

text: it to produce renewable energy relatively cheaply, from a variety of sources. Iceland is located on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which makes it one of the most tectonically active places in the world. There are over 200 volcanoes located in Iceland and over 600 hot springs. There are over 20 high-temperature steam fields that are at least 150 °C <nowiki>[</nowiki>300 °F<nowiki>]</nowiki>; many of them reach temperatures of 250 °C. This is what allows Iceland to harness geothermal energy, and these steam fields are used for heating everything from houses to swimming pools. Hydropower is harnessed through glacial rivers and waterfalls, both

title: Denmark–Iceland relations

text: States, Nordic Council, NATO, and Council of Europe. There are around 18,000 Icelanders living in Denmark and 2,900 Danes living in Iceland. The relationship between Iceland and Denmark remained close after Iceland's independence, and for many years Danish was taught as the second language in Iceland, and is still taught as a third language from seventh grade onward. Iceland achieved home rule in 1874, and became a fully sovereign state in 1918, united with Denmark under a common King. In 1814, following the Napoleonic Wars, Denmark-Norway was broken up into two separate kingdoms via the Treaty of Kiel. Iceland, however,

title: Irreligion in Iceland

text: as some of his own thoughts. The most ambitious atheistic work composed in 20th century Iceland was "Blekking og þekking" ("Deception and Knowledge"), a book by Níels P. Dungal published in 1948. Dungal was a professor of medicine at the University of Iceland and for some years the rector of the university. His atheistic criticism differed from much of previous atheistic writings in Iceland in not being a part of a wider political program. The book, a tome of 540 pages, chronicles what Dungal saw as the historical conflict between religion and church authority ("Deception") on one hand and science

title: Iceland

text: In 2007, Iceland was the seventh most productive country in the world per capita (US$54,858), and the fifth most productive by GDP at purchasing power parity ($40,112). About 85 percent of total primary energy supply in Iceland is derived from domestically produced renewable energy sources. Utilisation of abundant hydroelectric and geothermal power has made Iceland the world's largest electricity producer per capita. As a result of its commitment to renewable energy, the 2016 Global Green Economy Index ranked Iceland among the top 10 greenest economies in the world. Historically, Iceland's economy depended heavily on fishing, which still provides 40% of

title: Human rights in Iceland

text: principles, though its powers, independence and financing are not established by statute.” Human rights in Iceland Iceland is generally considered to be one of the leading countries in the world in regard to the human rights enjoyed by its citizens. Human rights are guaranteed by Sections VI and VII of Iceland's Constitution. Since 1989, a post of Ombudsman exists. Elections are free and fair, security forces report to civilian authorities, there is no state violence, and human-rights groups are allowed to operate without restriction. Religious freedom is guaranteed, and discrimination based on race, gender, disability, language, or other factors is

title: Catholic Church in Iceland

text: language of the Lutheran Church of Iceland until 1686, and a good part of the former Catholic terminology and other externals were retained, the Lutheran church differed considerably in doctrine. Those Catholics who refused to convert eventually fled, most making the unfortunate choice of Scotland as their destination. No Catholic priest was permitted in Iceland for more than three centuries. The Catholic Church established on 8 December 1855 a jurisdiction under the name "Apostolic Prefecture of the North Pole" (Praefectura Apostolica Poli Arctici) that included Iceland. Several years later, the two French priests Bernard Bernard (1821-1895) and Jean-Baptiste Baudoin (1831-1875)

title: Geology of Iceland

text: rocks in Iceland is the sequence of marine and non-marine sediments present on the Tjörnes Peninsula in northern Iceland. These Pliocene and late Pleistocene deposits are composed of silt and sandstones, with fossils preserved in the lower layers. The primary fossil types found in the Tjörnes beds are marine mollusk shells and plant remains (lignite). The tectonic structure of Iceland is characterized by various seismically and volcanically active centers. Iceland is bordered to the south by the Reykjanes Ridge segment of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and to the north by the Kolbeinsey Ridge. Rifting in the southern part of Iceland is

title: What Is History?

text: and were instead products of their own places and times, which in turn decided what "facts of the past" they determined into "facts of history". British historian Richard J. Evans said "What Is History?" caused a revolution in British historiography in the 1960s. Australian historian Keith Windschuttle, a critic of Carr, said "What Is History?" is one of the most influential books written about historiography, and that very few historians working in the English language since the 1960s had not read it. What Is History? What Is History? is a study that was written by the English historian E. H.

title: Economy of Iceland

text: according to an economic outlook for the years 2018–2020 published by Arion Research in April 2018. Iceland has a mixed economy with high levels of free trade and government intervention. However, government consumption is less than other Nordic countries. Hydro-power is the primary source of home and industrial electrical supply in Iceland. In the 1990s Iceland undertook extensive free market reforms, which initially produced strong economic growth. As a result, Iceland was rated as having one of the world's highest levels of economic freedom as well as civil freedoms. In 2007, Iceland topped the list of nations ranked by Human

title: Catholic Church in Iceland

text: has a cathedral, Christ the King Cathedral ("Dómkirkja Krists Konungs") in Reykjavík, and a number of smaller churches and chapels in the larger towns around the country. Some of the earliest inhabitants of Iceland were Irish monks, known as "Papar". However, the small population was overwhelmed in the eighth and ninth centuries by migrations of Scandinavians, most of whom practised what can loosely be called Germanic paganism. Particularly through the influence of continental missionaries and pressure from the Norwegian king, Iceland officially converted in 999/1000 AD, but the Christianisation of Iceland, as with the rest of Scandinavia, was a long

title: What Is the What

text: That Happens Will Happen Today". Tom Tykwer plans to adapt the novel into a film. In 2009, the novel received the Prix Médicis étranger in France. What Is the What What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng is a 2006 novel written by Dave Eggers. It is based on the life of Valentino Achak Deng, a Sudanese child refugee who immigrated to the United States under the Lost Boys of Sudan program. It was a finalist for the National Book Award. As a boy, Achak is separated from his family during the Second Sudanese Civil War when

title: What Is the What

text: What Is the What What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng is a 2006 novel written by Dave Eggers. It is based on the life of Valentino Achak Deng, a Sudanese child refugee who immigrated to the United States under the Lost Boys of Sudan program. It was a finalist for the National Book Award. As a boy, Achak is separated from his family during the Second Sudanese Civil War when the Arab militia, referred to as "murahaleen" (which is Arabic for the deported), wipes out his Dinka village, Marial Bai. During the assault, he loses sight

title: Spanish language in the United States

text: well" in the 2000 U.S. Census. This percentage increased to 57% in the 2013-2017 American Community Survey. The United States is among the Spanish-speaking countries that has its own Academy of the Spanish Language. There are more Spanish-speakers in the United States than speakers of French, German, Italian, Hawaiian, varieties of Chinese and Native American languages combined. According to the 2012 American Community Survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, Spanish is the primary language spoken at home by 38.3 million people aged five or older, more than twice that of 1990. The Spanish language has been present in what

title: Internet in Iceland

text: Internet in Iceland The use of the Internet in Iceland places Iceland among the top countries in the world in terms of Internet deployment and use. The use of internet in Iceland is widespread. Iceland is a world leader in fibre internet deployment: As of 2016, 75% of homes in Iceland have direct fibre services available. 1 Gbit/s internet services are available to homes since 2016. Gagnveita Reykjavíkur(owned by the city of Reykjavík) has the largest deployment of fibre internet, and Míla is also building one. The majority of connections in Iceland are by VDSL or fibre with Síminn and

title: What Work Is

text: What Work Is What Work Is is a collection of poetry by Philip Levine. The collection has many themes that are representative of Levine's writing including physical labor, class identity, family relationships and personal loss. Its primary focus on work and the working class led to it being studied with emphasis on Marxist literary criticism. The focus on work is expressed in thematically different ways throughout the collection. Furthermore, much of the collection was shaped by concerns for blue collar workers as well as nationwide political events. "What Work Is" was first published in 1991 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.

title: What Work Is

text: terribly damaged conditions of American labor, whose circumstance has perhaps never been more wrecked.” After Levine was named Poet Laureate, "What Work Is" reached the top of Amazon.com's "Movers and Shakers" list. What Work Is What Work Is is a collection of poetry by Philip Levine. The collection has many themes that are representative of Levine's writing including physical labor, class identity, family relationships and personal loss. Its primary focus on work and the working class led to it being studied with emphasis on Marxist literary criticism. The focus on work is expressed in thematically different ways throughout the collection.

title: Internet in Iceland

text: printing house codice_14 and the boilerplate site codice_15. As of 8 February 2011, codice_3 had changed IP addresses and is therefore no longer blocked by Vodafone. The null route is still in place, so collateral damage is the only result from this incident. Internet in Iceland The use of the Internet in Iceland places Iceland among the top countries in the world in terms of Internet deployment and use. The use of internet in Iceland is widespread. Iceland is a world leader in fibre internet deployment: As of 2016, 75% of homes in Iceland have direct fibre services available. 1

title: Norwegian language conflict

text: "main language") and their secondary language form (', "side language"); with the primary focus being on their own language form. There is no officially sanctioned spoken standard of Norwegian, but according to some, there is a de facto spoken standard of called Standard ("East Norwegian"). The earliest examples of non-Danish, Norwegian writing are from the 12th century, with "Konungs skuggsjá" being the prime example. The language in use at this time is known as Old Norse, and was widely used in writing in Norway and Iceland. The languages of Sweden and Denmark at this time were not very different from

title: Iceland Lake

text: Bay via the French River. Iceland Lake Iceland Lake is a small lake in the Municipality of Temagami in Nipissing District, Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It lies in the southern half of geographic Strathcona Township with its primary inflow being Herridge Creek. The lake is long and wide. It represents a portion of the Lake Huron drainage basin, a large area where water drains into Lake Huron. After Iceland Lake drains into Lake Temagami via the South Tetapaga River, the water drains through the Temagami River. It then enters the Sturgeon River, which empties into Lake Nipissing. Lake Nipissing then drains

title: Iceland Lake

text: Iceland Lake Iceland Lake is a small lake in the Municipality of Temagami in Nipissing District, Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It lies in the southern half of geographic Strathcona Township with its primary inflow being Herridge Creek. The lake is long and wide. It represents a portion of the Lake Huron drainage basin, a large area where water drains into Lake Huron. After Iceland Lake drains into Lake Temagami via the South Tetapaga River, the water drains through the Temagami River. It then enters the Sturgeon River, which empties into Lake Nipissing. Lake Nipissing then drains into Lake Huron at Georgian

title: What Is This?

text: following week. The group decided to change their name to the Red Hot Chili Peppers, played several more shows at various L.A. clubs and musical venues, and eventually recorded a demo tape, all while Slovak and Irons were still playing with What Is This?. A few months later, What Is This received a record deal with MCA Records and the Red Hot Chili Peppers received a joint deal with EMI America and Enigma Records. Hillel Slovak and Jack Irons decided to leave the Red Hot Chili Peppers and stay with What Is This? as the latter was their primary musical

title: What Is Literature?

text: The art of writing is deeply linked to freedom and thus ventures into the fields of politics and democracy. The poet frees himself by disassociation, and the prose writer fulfills a duty to utilize language for the end of a conceived free society. What Is Literature? What Is Literature? (), also published as "Literature and Existentialism",) is an essay by French philosopher and novelist Jean-Paul Sartre, published by Gallimard in 1948. Initially published in freestanding essays across French literary journals "Les Temps modernes", "Situations I" and "Situations II", essays "What is Writing?" and "Why Write?" were translated into English and

title: Islam in Iceland

text: Islam in Iceland Islam in Iceland is a minority religion. The Pew Research Center estimated that less than 10,000 people in Iceland were Muslim in 2010.In 2011 the Muslims of Iceland attracted the interest of Al Jazeera, which planned a documentary dealing with Muslims in Iceland and New Zealand. Al Jazeera was interested in how Ramadan is honored in the higher latitudes where the night can be of unusual length when compared to the majority-Muslim lands. The earliest mention of Iceland in Muslim sources originates in the works of Muhammad al-Idrisi (1099–1165/66) in his famous "Tabula Rogeriana", which mentions Iceland's

title: Healthcare in Iceland

text: Healthcare in Iceland Healthcare in Iceland is universal. The healthcare system is largely paid for by taxes (85%) and to some extent by service fees (15%) and is administrated by the Ministry of Welfare. A considerable portion of government spending is assigned to health care. There is almost no private health insurance in Iceland and no private hospitals. Healthcare providers in Iceland fall into one of the following legally defined categories of healthcare providers: Health care system in Iceland relies on general taxation, instead of local funding. This is affected by the Nordic welfare state model, in which public service

title: Iceland

text: was officially recognised as a minority language in 2011. In education, its use for Iceland's deaf community is regulated by the "National Curriculum Guide". English and Danish are compulsory subjects in the school curriculum. English is widely understood and spoken, while basic to moderate knowledge of Danish is common mainly among the older generations. Polish is mostly spoken by the local Polish community (the largest minority of Iceland), and Danish is mostly spoken in a way largely comprehensible to Swedes and Norwegians—it is often referred to as "skandinavíska" (i. e. "Scandinavian") in Iceland. Rather than using family names, as is

title: Telecommunications in Iceland

text: Telecommunications in Iceland Telecommunications in Iceland is a diversified market. The largest Internet service providers in Iceland: Iceland has numerous internet hosting services: Iceland has an internet exchange point called the Reykjavik Internet Exchange (RIX). Internet and telephone services rely on submarine communications cables for external traffic: As of 2010 there are 152,895 landlines in use in Iceland of which 132,069 are PSTN. Since the peak number of 196,528 total landlines in 2001 there has been a decrease of 43,633 landlines as of 2009. As of 2010 there are 341,077 active GSM (2G) and UMTS (3G) subscriptions in use in

title: Religion in Iceland

text: Gakkai International (with 168 members), Zen in Iceland—Night Pasture (with 135 members), and the Tibetan Buddhist Association. Collectively they accounted for 0.4% of the Icelanders as of 2017. Islam is the religion of a small minority in Iceland. The two largest organisations of Muslims are the Muslim Association of Iceland and the Islamic Cultural Centre of Iceland, with 542 and 406 members, respectively, in 2017. Together they comprised about 0.3% of the population of Iceland. However, the total number of Muslims living in Iceland may be larger, as many Muslims have chosen to join neither association. The Bahá'í Faith in

title: Women in Iceland

text: Reformation, Iceland had two convents, Kirkjubæjar Abbey and Reynistaðarklaustur. The Church of Iceland, Iceland's established church, elected its first female bishop, Agnes M. Sigurðardóttir, in 2012. Iceland has national women's teams for basketball, handball, volleyball, and the women's national football team which represents Iceland in international women's football. Women's football clubs in Iceland include Breiðablik, Grindavík, Haukar, Íþróttabandalag Vestmannaeyja, Knattspyrnufélag Reykjavíkur, Stjarnan, and Valur. The Úrvalsdeild kvenna is the top-tier women's football league in Iceland. It features 10 teams that play a double round robin to decide the champion, which qualifies for a spot in the UEFA Women's Champions League.

title: Internet in Iceland

text: and 365 Media(12%) Iceland is currently connected via these submarine communications cable system to the rest of the world: The submarine cable capacity is mostly under-capacity since DANICE was installed in 2009 which met the demands of increased bandwidth use in Iceland. This can be later upgraded if needed(up to 16 Terabit/s) Internet access is widespread in Iceland and there has been rapid growth in use since the early 2000s. Data compiled by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) shows Iceland with: "The Global Information Technology Report 2010–2011" by the World Economic Forum ranked Iceland: The early history

title: History of the Jews in Iceland

text: History of the Jews in Iceland The history of the Jews in Iceland is relatively short, starting in 1625. In 2018, around 250 Jews were living in Iceland. They often gather to celebrate the Jewish holidays. The first rabbi to be permanently located in Iceland since 1918 moved to the country in 2018 and a Jewish Center and a Synagogue is slated to open in Reykjavík in 2018. From the eleventh century, Icelanders have called the Jews "Gyðingar", a derivative of Guð (God). The Gyðinga Saga, the Saga of the Jews, was written in the thirteenth century. It is a

title: Taxation in Iceland

text: the day of arrival. After leaving Iceland tax liability of an individual ends. Non-residents staying in Iceland for a period shorter than 183 days are subject to national income tax on any income. They are also subject to municipal income tax as well as residents. Taxation in Iceland Taxes in Iceland are levied by the state and the municipalities. Property rights are strong and Iceland is one of the few countries where they are applied to fishery management. Taxpayers pay various subsidies to each other, similar to European countries that are welfare states, but the spending is less than in

title: Education in Iceland

text: special education services for all students with disabilities. According to the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture: The Ministry of Education, Science and Culture has the jurisdiction of educational responsibility. Traditionally, education in Iceland has been run in the public sector; there is a small, although growing, number of private education institutions in the country. Over the years, the educational system has been decentralised, and responsibility for primary and lower secondary schools lies with the local authorities. The state runs upper secondary schools and higher education institutions. The Ministry issues the National Curriculum Guidelines. The National Centre for Educational Materials

title: Language education by region

text: least "two" foreign languages in Belgium, France, Denmark, Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg, Finland, Sweden, Iceland, Switzerland, Greece, Croatia, Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia and Slovakia. On average in Europe, at the start of foreign language teaching, pupils have lessons for three to four hours a week. Compulsory lessons in a foreign language normally start at the end of primary school or the start of secondary school. In Luxembourg, Norway, Italy and Malta, however, the first foreign language starts at age six, in Sweden at age seven and in Belgium at age 10. About half of the EU's primary

title: Irreligion in Iceland

text: Gallup. A Gallup poll conducted in 2012 found that 57% of Icelanders considered themselves "a religious person", 31% consider themselves "a non religious person", while 10% define themselves as "a convinced atheist", placing Iceland in the top 10 atheist populations in the world. Irreligion in Iceland Irreligion is prevalent in Iceland, with approximately 10% of the population identifying as "convinced atheists" and a further 30% identifying as non-religious. Since the 20th century, irreligion has seen steady growth. From the 16th century to the 19th century, religious life in Iceland was organized around the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland, with compulsory

title: Irreligion in Iceland

text: Irreligion in Iceland Irreligion is prevalent in Iceland, with approximately 10% of the population identifying as "convinced atheists" and a further 30% identifying as non-religious. Since the 20th century, irreligion has seen steady growth. From the 16th century to the 19th century, religious life in Iceland was organized around the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland, with compulsory membership. This started to change in 1874, when Iceland was given a constitution which granted freedom of religion and freedom of speech, opening the door for criticism of the church. With the publication of "Verðandi" in 1882, literary realism started making inroads into

title: Women in Iceland

text: Women in Iceland Women in Iceland generally enjoy good gender equality. As of 2018, 88% of working-age women are employed, 65% of students attending university are female, and 41% of members of parliament are women. Nevertheless, women still earn about 14% less than men. Iceland has the world's highest proportion of women in the labour market, significant child care allocations for working women, and three months' parental leave for both men and women. Iceland is arguably one of the world's most feminist countries, having been awarded this status in 2011 for the second year in a row. Iceland was the

title: Elections in Iceland

text: Elections in Iceland Elections in Iceland gives information on election and election results in Iceland. Iceland elects on a national level a ceremonial head of state, the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a four-year term by the people. The parliament ("Alþingi") has 63 members, elected for a four-year term by proportional representation, using the D'Hondt method with open list. Iceland has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, so parties must work with each other to form coalition governments. The most recent election

title: Elections in Iceland

text: was held on 28 October, 2017. Elections in Iceland Elections in Iceland gives information on election and election results in Iceland. Iceland elects on a national level a ceremonial head of state, the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a four-year term by the people. The parliament ("Alþingi") has 63 members, elected for a four-year term by proportional representation, using the D'Hondt method with open list. Iceland has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, so parties must work with each other to form

title: Iceland in the Cold War

text: Iceland in the Cold War Throughout the Cold War, the nation of Iceland was a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and allied with the United States, hosting a US military presence in Keflavík Air Base from 1951 to 2006. In 1986, Iceland hosted a summit in Reykjavík between United States President Ronald Reagan and Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev, during which they took significant steps toward nuclear disarmament. Five years later, in 1991, Iceland became the first country to recognize the renewed independence of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania when they broke away from the Soviet Union. Early in

title: Iceland

text: at Geitamelur, a four-runway glider field around east of Reykjavík. Six main ferry services provide regular access to various outpost communities or shorten travel distances. Renewable sources—geothermal and hydropower—provide effectively all of Iceland's electricity and around 85% of the nation's total primary energy consumption, with most of the remainder consisting of imported oil products used in transportation and in the fishing fleet. Iceland expects to be energy-independent by 2050. Iceland's largest geothermal power plants are Hellisheiði and Nesjavellir, while Kárahnjúkar Hydropower Plant is the country's largest hydroelectric power station. When the Kárahnjúkavirkjun started operating, Iceland became the world's largest electricity

title: Iceland in the Cold War

text: as a country where communists were capable of inflicting moderate damage, but not as a country where communists were capable of violently overthrowing the government. The US and USSR competed for influence in Iceland, in particular during the late 1940s and 1950s. Iceland traded considerably with the USSR for the first few decades of the Cold War. The US provided Iceland with extensive economic and diplomatic backing throughout the Cold War. During the Proto-Cod War of 1952-1956, the USSR and the US unburdened Iceland of much of the fish left unsold by the British landing ban during the dispute. A

title: Iceland in the Eurovision Song Contest

text: Iceland in the Eurovision Song Contest Iceland has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 31 times since its debut in 1986, missing only two contests since then, in 1998 and 2002, when prevented from competing due to finishing outside qualification places the preceding years. The country's best result is two second-place finishes, with Selma in and Yohanna in . Iceland has achieved a total of five top ten placements, with the others being Stjórnin finishing fourth (), Heart 2 Heart seventh () and Birgitta eighth (). Since the introduction of the semi-final round in 2004, Iceland has failed to qualify

title: Abortion in Iceland

text: Abortion in Iceland Abortion in Iceland has been legal in specific medical and social circumstances since 22 May 1975. The abortion rate in Iceland is relatively high, in comparison to other Nordic countries. Abortion in Iceland was legalized on a number of grounds on 22 May 1975. Although the law does not allow abortions to be performed on request, they are allowed in various medical and social circumstances. Medically, an abortion is lawful if a pregnancy threatens a woman's physical or mental health, if the fetus has a serious congenital defect, or if the woman is deemed incapable of caring

title: Cricket in Iceland

text: Cricket in Iceland Cricket is a fledgling sport in Iceland, with only a couple of teams playing the sport. Iceland is not a member of the International Cricket Council (ICC), but has ambitions to eventually join the European Cricket Council, which would make it an affiliate member of the ICC. Some cricket writers have speculated that the game of cricket has its origins in sports devised in Iceland during the Middle Ages, although this theory does not seem to have gained much traction. It is far more likely that the game was introduced to the country in the 20th century

title: Whaling in Iceland

text: domestic consumption. Although the minke whaling vessels also use harpoon cannons, due to the smaller size of minke whales, the boats are able to haul a caught whale on deck where the crew will butcher the animal at sea. Minke whale meat is sold in restaurants and markets within Iceland. A large percentage of the whale meat is actually eaten by tourists. Whaling in Iceland Whaling in Iceland began with spear-drift hunting as early as the 12th century, and continued in a vestigial form until the late 19th century, when other countries introduced modern commercial practices. Today, Iceland is one

title: Iceland–Japan relations

text: Prime Minister Obuchi announced the opening of a Japanese embassy in Reykjavík. In 2002, both nations opened embassies in their respective capitals. In 2003, the University of Iceland began teaching Japanese as the first university course in Iceland to teach an Asian language and to specialize in Asian culture. In 2005, Iceland approached Japan on a free-trade accord. Each year, both nations obtain negative attention in the fact that they both continue whaling. In 2016, both nations celebrated 60 years of diplomatic relations. Prime Ministerial visits from Iceland to Japan Prime Ministerial visits from Japan to Iceland Both nations have

title: Cricket in Iceland

text: T20 Galah 240-6; Iceland 131 GALAH WON BY 109 RUNS Match 2 - 40 overs Galah 261-8 (Cooper 71*); Iceland 238-7 (Cook 118; Newham 5-27) GALAH WON BY 23 RUNS Match 3 - T20 Iceland 202-7 (Capps 70*); Galah 139 all out ICELAND WON BY 63 RUNS Carmel Cricket Club(Wales) Iceland won 2-0 in a two match tournament. Match 1 - T20 Carmel 94 all out (Marshall 25; Malik 3-19); Iceland 95 for 9 (Henley 3-19) ICELAND WON BY 1 WICKET Match 2 - 40 overs Iceland 276 all out (Younas 114; Nelson 50; Tsang 3-28); Carmel 218 all out

title: What Is Art?

text: to justify their own tastes. Jahn notes the "often confusing use of categorisation" and the lack of definition of the key concept of emotion. Bayley writes that "the effectiveness of "What is Art?" lies not so much in its positive assertions as in its rejection of much that was taken for granted in the aesthetic theories of the time". Noyes criticises Tolstoy's dismissal of beauty, but states that, "despite its shortcomings", "What is Art?" "may be pronounced the most stimulating critical work of our time". Simmons mentions the "occasional brilliant passages" along with the "repetition, awkward language, and loose terminology".

title: Iceland in the Cold War

text: through NATO without any military presence was considered insufficient to protect Iceland. On 5 May 1951, a new agreement was signed between Iceland and United States through NATO. According to this defense treaty, the United States accepted full responsibility for the defence of Iceland for an unspecified period of time. This new agreement annulled the Keflavík Agreement. As a result of the agreement, the United States maintained several thousand troops and several jet interceptors at the Keflavík Air Base; this was the Iceland Defense Force. The US military did not leave the country until 2006. To make the US military

title: Cricket in Iceland

text: follow @reddit_cricket. We’ll be launching our 2018 kit with them soon.″ The national records are currently as follows: Cricket in Iceland Cricket is a fledgling sport in Iceland, with only a couple of teams playing the sport. Iceland is not a member of the International Cricket Council (ICC), but has ambitions to eventually join the European Cricket Council, which would make it an affiliate member of the ICC. Some cricket writers have speculated that the game of cricket has its origins in sports devised in Iceland during the Middle Ages, although this theory does not seem to have gained much

title: What Is the What

text: writes: "Over the course of many years, Dave and I have collaborated to tell my story... I told [him] what I knew and what I could remember, and from that material he created this work of art." The book is typical of Eggers' style: blending non-fictional and fictional elements into a non-fiction novel or memoir. By classifying the book a novel, Eggers says, he freed himself to re-create conversations, streamline complex relationships, add relevant detail and manipulate time and space in helpful ways—all while maintaining the essential truthfulness of the storytelling. However, not all critics were impressed. Lee Siegel sees

title: Iceland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015

text: vote impartially and independently. The individual rankings of each jury member were released shortly after the grand final. Following the release of the full split voting by the EBU after the conclusion of the competition, it was revealed that Iceland had placed fourteenth with the public televote and fifteenth with the jury vote in the second semi-final. In the public vote, Iceland scored 21 points, while with the jury vote, Iceland scored 15 points. Below is a breakdown of points awarded to Iceland and awarded by Iceland in the second semi-final and grand final of the contest, and the breakdown