query: What is the principle port in Ecuador?

title: Ecuador

text: Ecuador Ecuador ( , ) (), officially the Republic of Ecuador (, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; ), is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about west of the mainland. The capital city is Quito, while the largest city is Guayaquil. What is now Ecuador was home to a variety of Amerindian groups that were gradually incorporated into the Inca Empire during the 15th century. The territory was colonized

title: Quevedo, Ecuador

text: Quevedo, Ecuador Quevedo is a city in Ecuador located in the Los Rios Province. It is the seat of Quevedo Canton, a vibrant community founded in 1943. According to the latest census, Quevedo's population is 173,000. Located at 237 km SW of Quito (Ecuador's capital), or, 183 km NE of Guayaquil (Ecuador's main port). Quevedo is one of the fastest growing cities in Ecuador and it is mainly known for its agricultural tradition. Quevedo's agroindustrial complex is one of the leading exporters in the world of banana, cacao, passion fruit and coffee bean. In recent years non-agricultural activities have experienced

title: Quevedo, Ecuador

text: customs of the early settlers of the region, who lived in the "monte", a word that describes the agricultural fields. The city celebrates its foundation on October 7. Quevedo, Ecuador Quevedo is a city in Ecuador located in the Los Rios Province. It is the seat of Quevedo Canton, a vibrant community founded in 1943. According to the latest census, Quevedo's population is 173,000. Located at 237 km SW of Quito (Ecuador's capital), or, 183 km NE of Guayaquil (Ecuador's main port). Quevedo is one of the fastest growing cities in Ecuador and it is mainly known for its agricultural

title: Religion in Ecuador

text: private catholic schools still existed. Monsignor Antonio José Cardinal González Zumárraga is the emeritus Archbishop of Quito. He is in charge of the Ecuadorian Catholic Church. The Apostolic Nuncio to Ecuador is Giacomo Guido Ottonello. In Latin America Protestants are most often called Evangelicals (Evangelicos). Ecuador has now about 11% of the population calling itself protestant. Most are Pentecostals, but many denominations are active. The first Mormon missionaries in Ecuador arrived in 1965. On August 1, 1999, the Guayaquil Ecuador Temple was dedicated by President Gordon B. Hinckley. Latter-day Saint membership in Ecuador has increased significantly in recent years. In

title: Sport in Ecuador

text: 2005 World Rafting Championships were held on the Quijos River in Napo Province. Ecuador also hosted the 2007 Youth World Championship for rock climbing, held in Ibarra, becoming the first country outside of Europe or Asia to host the event. Sport in Ecuador Sports in Ecuador influence the culture and its people. Football is the most popular sport, followed by baseball, volleyball, basketball, and tennis. Since 2005, Ecuador has been greatly involved in sports, and hosted the Guayaquil Marathon in Ecuador's largest city. Football is the most popular sport in Ecuador. Its best known professional teams include Barcelona and Emelec

title: Sport in Ecuador

text: Sport in Ecuador Sports in Ecuador influence the culture and its people. Football is the most popular sport, followed by baseball, volleyball, basketball, and tennis. Since 2005, Ecuador has been greatly involved in sports, and hosted the Guayaquil Marathon in Ecuador's largest city. Football is the most popular sport in Ecuador. Its best known professional teams include Barcelona and Emelec from Guayaquil, LDU Quito, Deportivo Quito, and El Nacional from Quito, Olmedo from Riobamba, and Deportivo Cuenca from Cuenca. The national team's matches are the most watched sporting events in the country. In June 2007, FIFA adopted a resolution, prohibiting

title: Religion in Ecuador

text: States of America or Israel. The Community has a Jewish Center with a synagogue, a country club and a cemetery. It supports the "Albert Einstein School", where Jewish history, religion and Hebrew classes are offered. There is a very small community in Cuenca. The "Comunidad de Culto Israelita" reunites the Jews of Guayaquil. This community works independently from the "Jewish Community of Ecuador". Jewish visitors to Ecuador can also take advantage of Jewish resources as they travel and keep kosher there, even in the Amazon Rainforest. The "Islam Community of Ecuador" (Comunidad Islámica del Ecuador) is of Sunni denomination and

title: Islam in Ecuador

text: activities as well as social, cultural and educational activities are conducted according to Sunni Islam. The Khaled ibn al Walid mosque nowadays is run by Sheikh Mohamed Mamdouh, and had opened it doors for all Muslims domiciled in Quito. In Guayaquil, the Centro Islamico Al Hijra was established in 2004 by Juan Saud from Ecuador, Ali Said from Pakistan, and Mazhar Farooq from India. Islam in Ecuador The Pew Research Center estimates that Ecuador has a Muslim population of about 2000, representing 0.011 % out of total population of 16,965,000 inhabitants. The first Muslim settlers in Ecuador were primarily Arabs

title: History of the Jews in Ecuador

text: colonial boundaries, much less what it is today; this cultural-historical unit comes even from pre-Columbian times. All aforementioned largely explains the Sephardic presence in gold and commercial areas of Quito and Calacalí such as Loja, Zaruma, Cuenca, Santa Isabel, Yungilla, Tarquí, Chordeleg and Sígsig, and mountain passes or centers of trade routes between Guayaquil and Quito, as Alausí Chapacoto, Chimborazo St. Joseph, San Miguel de Chimborazo and Guaranda and in the northern highlands of Peru, due to its proximity. This presence of Western Sephardim Jews remained hidden for years in Ecuador and also settled in villages so remote sites as

title: Football in Ecuador

text: Football in Ecuador Association football (simply called football) is the most popular sport in Ecuador, in line with the majority of South America. The governing body of football in Ecuador is the Ecuadorian Football Federation (), also known as FEF or Ecuafútbol. It runs all national football tournaments and manages the national football teams. Its seat is in Guayaquil. In addition, there are 18 provincial association throughout the country. Club football is the most popular spectator sport in the country. The top-flight league in the country is the Serie A, followed by the Serie B. Both contain a small number

title: Football in Ecuador

text: has yet to win a Copa América.Their best finish in Copa América was fourth in 1993 (they also finished fourth in the 'extra' South American Championship in 1959). Football in Ecuador Association football (simply called football) is the most popular sport in Ecuador, in line with the majority of South America. The governing body of football in Ecuador is the Ecuadorian Football Federation (), also known as FEF or Ecuafútbol. It runs all national football tournaments and manages the national football teams. Its seat is in Guayaquil. In addition, there are 18 provincial association throughout the country. Club football is

title: Port

text: in Mexico and Vancouver in Canada. Panama also has the Panama Canal that connects the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, and is a key conduit for international trade. The largest port in Australia is the Port of Melbourne. According to ECLAC's "Maritime and Logistics Profile of Latin America and the Caribbean", the largest ports in South America are the Port of Santos in Brazil, Cartagena in Colombia, Callao in Peru, Guayaquil in Ecuador and the Port of Buenos Aires in Argentina. Port A port is a maritime commercial facility which may comprise one or more wharves where ships may dock to

title: Rugby union in Ecuador

text: the coast of Guayas river, to play rugby criollo with the natives. Rugby was first played in Ecuador in the 1930s, when it was introduced by British merchants to Puná Island on the Guayas River. Rugby union in Ecuador Rugby union in Ecuador is a minor, but growing sport. The governing body is the Federación Ecuatoriana de Rugby, which became affiliated to CONSUR in 2011 but not yet to the IRB. Rugby union is found to some extent in Ecuador, with teams in Guayaquil, Quito, and Cuenca. One out of two Spanish countries in South America still to compete under

title: Rugby union in Ecuador

text: Rugby union in Ecuador Rugby union in Ecuador is a minor, but growing sport. The governing body is the Federación Ecuatoriana de Rugby, which became affiliated to CONSUR in 2011 but not yet to the IRB. Rugby union is found to some extent in Ecuador, with teams in Guayaquil, Quito, and Cuenca. One out of two Spanish countries in South America still to compete under CONSUR's arm (the other one being Bolivia), Ecuador rugby story dates back to the 1930s when newspapers specified the presence of English merchants playing the game that they would eventually take to Puná island, along

title: History of the Jews in Ecuador

text: of the immigrants, however, caused tension among the Syrian and Cuban community who had previously controlled those fields of business. This pressure led to an anti-Jewish sentiment for a while, but nothing more substantial. In 1940 there were 3,000 Jews in Ecuador, the vast majority refugees from Germany. Jews in Ecuador entered the press, medicine industry and commerce. They established textile factories, pharmaceutical factories and important furniture factories. At its peak, in 1950, the Jewish population of Ecuador was estimated at 4,000 persons, the majority living in Quito, several hundred in Guayaquil, and several scores in Ambato, Riobamba, and Cuenca.

title: Guayaquil Ecuador Temple

text: days by bus to attend the temple in Lima, Peru. Before the LDS temple was dedicated, an open house was free to all in the community, including government officials. Over one hundred thousand members and non-members participated in the open house. The Guayaquil Ecuador Temple was dedicated on August 1, 1999 by LDS Church president Gordon B. Hinckley. The temple resides on a hill in Urdesa, a peaceful suburb of northern Guayaquil, Ecuador's main port and most populous city. The Guayaquil Ecuador Temple has a total of , four ordinance rooms, and three sealing rooms. Lynn Shawcroft of Arizona was

title: LATAM Ecuador

text: LATAM Perú, LATAM Argentina, and LATAM Ecuador. The number to enter the LAN Ecuador fleet is unknown at this time, but it is likely the Boeing 787's will replace the ageing Boeing 767-300's. LATAM Ecuador codeshares with the following airlines: As of August 2017, the LAN Ecuador fleet consists of the following aircraft: The airline previously operated the following aircraft: LATAM Ecuador LATAM Ecuador, formerly LAN Ecuador (Aerolane Líneas Aéreas Nacionales del Ecuador S.A.), is a subsidiary of LATAM Airlines, based in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Operates scheduled passenger services using leased LAN aircraft. LATAM Ecuador was established in July 2002 as

title: Ecuador–Iran relations

text: support for the Ecuadorian "Yasuni-ITT program" to receive international funds in order not to transition to sustainable energy. Ecuador and Iran have also cooperated in the port, agriculture and auto industries. In 2010, the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) named both Ecuador and Iran as countries failing to comply with international regulations against money laundering and financing terrorism. It said Ecuador had not "constructively engaged" with the body and was "not committed" to global standards on money crimes. Correa was quick to condemn the move: "What arrogance! And why? Because we have relations with Iran. That's it. This is imperialism

title: Indigenous peoples in Ecuador

text: Indigenous peoples in Ecuador Indigenous peoples in Ecuador, also Native Ecuadorians or Native Americans, are the groups of people who were present in what became Ecuador before the Spanish colonization of the Americas. The term also includes their descendants from the time of the Spanish conquest to the present. Their history, which encompasses the last 11,000 years, reaches into the present; 25 percent of Ecuador's population is of indigenous heritage, while another 70 percent is of mixed indigenous and European heritage. The first inhabitants of the Americas migrated from Asia across the Beringia land bridge. The first inhabitants of South

title: Manta, Ecuador

text: Manta, Ecuador Manta is a mid-sized city in Manabí Province, Ecuador. It is the second most populous city in the province, the fifth most populous in the country. Manta has existed since Pre-Columbian times. It was a trading post for the Mantas. According to the 2001 census, the city had 192,322 inhabitants. Its main economic activity is tuna fishing. Other economic activities include tourism and a chemical industry with products from cleaning supplies to oils and margarine. Manta possesses the largest seaport in Ecuador. The port was used by Charles Marie de La Condamine upon his arrival in Ecuador when

title: Esmeraldas, Ecuador

text: Ecuador. Esmeraldas is well known around Latin America given the large number of locals that have historically played in the Ecuadorian national football team. The port of Esmeraldas is economically important for the northern part of Ecuador, and the port of Balao is an important oil processing facility. Exports from Esmeraldas include wood and wood chips, bananas, and other agricultural products. The soil allows the production of rice, maize, African Palm, albacá and a variety of tropical fruits. Among the main forest species are: chanul, raft, laurel, sande, guayacán, and tangaré. Cattle and pig rearing are also important. The fishing

title: Esmeraldas, Ecuador

text: La Unión - Muisne - Esmeraldas - Quinindé (Rosa Zarate) that lead to Santo Domingo and Quito. The Quito - San Lorenzo rail network is still in use. The "Carlos Concha Torres" International Airport offers both national and international services to Cali, Colombia. Esmeraldas, Ecuador Esmeraldas () is a coastal city in northwestern Ecuador. It is the seat of the Esmeraldas Canton and capital of the Esmeraldas Province. It has an international sea port and a small airport (IATA location identifier: ESM). Esmeraldas is the major seaport of northwestern Ecuador, and it lies on the Pacific coast at the mouth

title: Tourism in Ecuador

text: for certain what were the purposes for which it was built this building of origin Inca-Carari, the only criterion on which coincide several historians and archaeologists is that it was built under the exclusive orders of Huayna Cápac, during campaigns of conquest that her father Túpac Yupanqui, began years ago, to the territories that now comprise southern Ecuador. Apparently it played a major role in the Inca military strategies, as outpost and supply of troops to the north of Ecuador, but his most important goal was that of being a place of worship and veneration of the sun, the most

title: Esmeraldas, Ecuador

text: Esmeraldas, Ecuador Esmeraldas () is a coastal city in northwestern Ecuador. It is the seat of the Esmeraldas Canton and capital of the Esmeraldas Province. It has an international sea port and a small airport (IATA location identifier: ESM). Esmeraldas is the major seaport of northwestern Ecuador, and it lies on the Pacific coast at the mouth of the Esmeraldas River. It is exactly at the antipodes of Padang, Indonesia. The city is the principal trading hub for the region's agricultural and lumber resources, and is the terminus of the 313-mile (504-km) Trans-Ecuadorian Pipeline from the oil fields in northeastern

title: Manta, Ecuador

text: weakens. Manta has one sister city, as designated by Sister Cities International: Manta, Ecuador Manta is a mid-sized city in Manabí Province, Ecuador. It is the second most populous city in the province, the fifth most populous in the country. Manta has existed since Pre-Columbian times. It was a trading post for the Mantas. According to the 2001 census, the city had 192,322 inhabitants. Its main economic activity is tuna fishing. Other economic activities include tourism and a chemical industry with products from cleaning supplies to oils and margarine. Manta possesses the largest seaport in Ecuador. The port was used

title: History of Ecuador

text: and bringing focus on poverty. The 2007-8 Ecuadorian Constituent Assembly drafted the 2008 Constitution of Ecuador, approved via the Ecuadorian constitutional referendum, 2008. In November 2009, Ecuador faced an energy crisis that led to power rationing across the country. History of Ecuador The History of Ecuador extends over an 8,000-year period. During this time a variety of cultures and territories influenced what has become the Republic of Ecuador. The history can be divided into five eras: Pre-Columbian, the Conquest, the Colonial Period, the War of Independence, Gran Colombia, and Simón Bolívar the final separation of his vision into what is

title: Indigenous peoples in Ecuador

text: discriminatory challenge. Indians often feel vulnerable and predisposed to physical and verbal attacks, which cause them to be more reserved and avoid contact with whites. An indigenous witness claimed he was told to leave a restaurant because “no Indians [were] admitted to [that] locale”. Racism can be seen such as travelling in public transportation, interactions in public spaces, and the yearning to be white from Indians. Indigenous peoples in Ecuador Indigenous peoples in Ecuador, also Native Ecuadorians or Native Americans, are the groups of people who were present in what became Ecuador before the Spanish colonization of the Americas. The

title: Education in Ecuador

text: Quito, Ecuador. It is the oldest university in Ecuador, established in 1826 and one of the oldest in the Americas. The enrollment is over 10,000 students per year. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (PUCE) (English:"Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador") is a Pontifical Catholic university located in Quito, Ecuador. The 2008 Constitution of Ecuador eliminated tuition in public universities. Starting in 2012, admission to the country’s 29 public universities will be based on an aptitude test. Education in Ecuador The Ecuadorian Constitution requires that all children attend school until they achieve a “basic level of education,” which is estimated at nine

title: History of Ecuador

text: History of Ecuador The History of Ecuador extends over an 8,000-year period. During this time a variety of cultures and territories influenced what has become the Republic of Ecuador. The history can be divided into five eras: Pre-Columbian, the Conquest, the Colonial Period, the War of Independence, Gran Colombia, and Simón Bolívar the final separation of his vision into what is known today as the Republic of Ecuador. During the pre-Inca period, people lived in ans, which formed great tribes, some allied with each other to form powerful confederations, as the Confederation of Quito. But none of these confederations could

title: Geography of Ecuador

text: city in the country. On the north coast of Ecuador the port of Balao in Esmeraldas is used for oil export and the port of Manta was formerly used by the United States Air Force as a control point for narcotics traffic control until 2009. The central belt of Ecuador that includes the Andes Mountains, inland from the coast; with volcanoes and mountain peaks that sport year-round snow on the equator; many areas long since deforested by agriculture; a number of cut-flower growing operations; at a certain altitude zone may be found cloud forests. The northern Ecuadorian Andes are divided

title: Religion in Ecuador

text: 2008, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reported having 185,663 members in Ecuador. The "Jesus Name Apostolic Church of Ecuador" (Iglesia Evangelica Apostolica del Nombre de Jesus) is the largest Apostolic/Pentecostal church in Ecuador with more than 100,000 members in Ecuador. Considered a Missionary Church they have churches and missions in Peru, Chile, Uruguay, Venezuela, San Salvador, Spain, Italy, Switzerland, Sweden, the Netherlands and Israel. The "Jewish Community of Ecuador" (Comunidad Judía del Ecuador) has its seat in Quito and has approximately 290 members. Nevertheless, this number is declining because young people leave the country towards the United

title: What Is the What

text: That Happens Will Happen Today". Tom Tykwer plans to adapt the novel into a film. In 2009, the novel received the Prix Médicis étranger in France. What Is the What What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng is a 2006 novel written by Dave Eggers. It is based on the life of Valentino Achak Deng, a Sudanese child refugee who immigrated to the United States under the Lost Boys of Sudan program. It was a finalist for the National Book Award. As a boy, Achak is separated from his family during the Second Sudanese Civil War when

title: What Is the What

text: What Is the What What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng is a 2006 novel written by Dave Eggers. It is based on the life of Valentino Achak Deng, a Sudanese child refugee who immigrated to the United States under the Lost Boys of Sudan program. It was a finalist for the National Book Award. As a boy, Achak is separated from his family during the Second Sudanese Civil War when the Arab militia, referred to as "murahaleen" (which is Arabic for the deported), wipes out his Dinka village, Marial Bai. During the assault, he loses sight

title: Variational principle

text: attempted to identify such invariants under a group of transformations. In what is referred to in physics as Noether's theorem, the Poincaré group of transformations (what is now called a gauge group) for general relativity defines symmetries under a group of transformations which depend on a variational principle, or action principle. Variational principle A variational principle is a scientific principle used within the calculus of variations, which develops general methods for finding functions which extremize the value of quantities that depend upon those functions. For example, to answer this question: "What is the shape of a chain suspended at both

title: Religion in Ecuador

text: Religion in Ecuador Religion in Ecuador is an expression of the different cultural heritages in Ecuadorian culture, including those stemming from the Spanish colonization, Native Amerindians and Afro-Ecuadorians. Christianity is the largest religion in Ecuador. Among the old churches are new ones and many more being built by the Catholic Church. The Evangelical Missionary Union represents many Protestants in Ecuador; Anglican churches in Ecuador belong to Province 9 of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. Other religions are present in small numbers: Eastern Orthodoxy, Mormonism, Buddhism, Judaism and Islam. According to Latinobarómetro in 2017 equadorians returned following

title: Surfing in Ecuador

text: Surfing in Ecuador Ecuador has many beaches for surfing: the coast of Ecuador is 2,237 km (1,390 miles) long. Surfable waves are available in Ecuador year-round, and surfers enjoy the mild year-round weather, especially in the northern region where the weather conditions attract many surfers from all over the world. Within this part of South America, Ecuador's neighbors Chile and Peru also offer great surfing. Many surfers in Ecuador use a protective wetsuit. Surf tourism is very important to the local economy, and the beaches offer significant enjoyment because of top quality waves combined with afforable prices for lodging and

title: Censorship in Ecuador

text: "a political actor instead of an impartial observer of the country’s communications environment". The move was later reversed. Censorship in Ecuador Censorship in Ecuador refers to all actions which can be considered as suppression in speech in Ecuador. In the "Freedom of the Press Report 2016" by Freedom House, the press in Ecuador is classified as "not free". The "2016 World Press Freedom Index" by Reporters Without Borders placed Ecuador in the "noticeable problems" category for press freedom, ranking the country 109 out of 180. Ecuador’s "Organic Law on Communications" was passed in June 2013. The law recognizes a right

title: Censorship in Ecuador

text: Censorship in Ecuador Censorship in Ecuador refers to all actions which can be considered as suppression in speech in Ecuador. In the "Freedom of the Press Report 2016" by Freedom House, the press in Ecuador is classified as "not free". The "2016 World Press Freedom Index" by Reporters Without Borders placed Ecuador in the "noticeable problems" category for press freedom, ranking the country 109 out of 180. Ecuador’s "Organic Law on Communications" was passed in June 2013. The law recognizes a right to communication. Media companies are required to collect and store user information. “Media lynching”, which appears to extend

title: Crime in Ecuador

text: Ecuador knowing that they could be targeted by corrupt law enforcement officials." Domestic terrorist groups present in Ecuador include the Popular Combatants Group (PCG), the Revolutionary Militia of the People, the Marxist-Leninist Party of Ecuador, and the Alfarista Liberation Army. Foreign groups include the Colombian groups Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and National Liberation Army (ELN). Although prohibited by law, domestic violence in Ecuador is a human rights problem. In a 2008 survey, 32.4% of the women interviewed aged 15–49 said they had suffered physical or sexual violence by a current or former partner. Crime in Ecuador Crime in

title: Surfing in Ecuador

text: food compared to other surf destinations. There's also a national marine reserve off the coast, which has a gigantic whale population. Some of the most popular surfing spots in Ecuador, which also have links to their own Wikipedia pages, include: Surfing in Ecuador Ecuador has many beaches for surfing: the coast of Ecuador is 2,237 km (1,390 miles) long. Surfable waves are available in Ecuador year-round, and surfers enjoy the mild year-round weather, especially in the northern region where the weather conditions attract many surfers from all over the world. Within this part of South America, Ecuador's neighbors Chile and

title: Smoking in Ecuador

text: Smoking in Ecuador Smoking in Ecuador is more common among men and younger people. More than half of Ecuadorian smokers desire to quit. The Government of Ecuador plans to reduce second-hand smoke in public spaces by 2012. The tobacco industry in Ecuador includes the major players of Tabacalera Andina SA (a subsidiary of Philip Morris International Inc) and British American Tobacco (South America) Ltd. Smoking is expected to decrease as the government enacts laws and the public becomes more aware of the dangers of smoking. Smoking is common in bars and dance clubs, but non-smoking signs in restaurants in Quito

title: Telecommunications in Ecuador

text: Telecommunications in Ecuador Telecommunications in Ecuador include telephone, radio, television, and the Internet. Ecuador's state regulatory agency is the National Telecommunications Council (CONATEL), which is part of the Telecommunications Ministry (MINTEL). There are three cell phone providers in Ecuador: Claro (Telcel), Movistar, and CNT. Mobile networks are diverse and include GSM 850 MHz (largest) as well as CDMA (Bell South's old network before being acquired by Telefónica Spain which rebranded Movistar), TDMA63. CNT is the state owned firm and uses CDMA. Ecuador has multiple TV networks and many local channels, as well as more than 300 radio stations. Many TV

title: Tourism in Ecuador

text: tourist attractions of Ecuador; undoubtedly, it is the most known and famous attractive of the country. Currently the number of visitors to the Galápagos reaches about 200 000 tourists per year. Administratively, the islands are a province of Ecuador, whose capital is Puerto Baquerizo Moreno (officially, also is called "Insular Region of Ecuador"). On 12 February 1832, under the presidency of Juan José Flores, the Galápagos Islands were annexed to Ecuador. Since 18 February 1973 constitute a province of this country. It is estimated that the formation of the first island took place more than 5 million years ago, as

title: Crime in Ecuador

text: Crime in Ecuador Crime in Ecuador is investigated by the Ecuadorian police. In 2012, Ecuador had a murder rate of 12.4 per 100,000 population. There were a total of 1,924 murders in Ecuador in 2012. By 2014, this had decreased to 8.23 per 100,000, with 1,309 murders recorded that year. In a 2009 diplomatic cable from the United States diplomatic cables leak released by WikiLeaks and published by El País in April 2011, U.S. Ambassador Heather Hodges said that "corruption among Ecuadorian National Police officers is widespread and well-known" and that "U.S. investors are reluctant to risk their resources in

title: Smoking in Ecuador

text: tobacco use are required to cover at least 60% of product packaging. Later in the year, the government raised its taxation on tobacco, becoming the nation with the highest rate in Latin America. Smoking in Ecuador Smoking in Ecuador is more common among men and younger people. More than half of Ecuadorian smokers desire to quit. The Government of Ecuador plans to reduce second-hand smoke in public spaces by 2012. The tobacco industry in Ecuador includes the major players of Tabacalera Andina SA (a subsidiary of Philip Morris International Inc) and British American Tobacco (South America) Ltd. Smoking is expected

title: Americans in Ecuador

text: home to many American retirees who settled there for its scenery and weather. Many retirees there have been accepted into the local community rather than being stereotyped as part of the American enclave. American schools in Ecuador: Americans in Ecuador Americans in Ecuador consists of immigrants and expatriates from the United States to Ecuador mostly retirees. It is estimated that about 5,000 to 10,000 American expatriates now live in the country. Cuenca is home to many retirees from all over the United States. They were drawn there by quality health care, a booming social scene and a low cost of

title: Colombia–Ecuador border

text: Colombia–Ecuador border The Colombia–Ecuador border is an international boundary between the territories of Colombia and Ecuador. It consists of two sections, one terrestrial and one marine, well-defined: The first section is a continuous line of 586 kilometres, running from east to west (from the Güepí River to the mouth of the river Mataje in Ancon de Sardinas Bay in the Pacific Ocean). It is about 28% of what was once the border between Colombia and Ecuador after the disintegration of the Great Colombia in 1830.3 Current land border was demarcated permanently by Muñoz-Suárez Vernaza Treaty on 15 July 1916. The

title: Health in Ecuador

text: pose the same threats. 21.9% of households in Ecuador do not have access to clean drinking water. 5% of wastewater is treated. 48% of households have sewer systems. There are high amounts of air pollution in Ecuador. This can result in air-born illnesses and respiratory problems. Health in Ecuador Ecuador contains three distinct climatic regions: Tropical, Highland or Sierra and Amazon rain forest. The health conditions of this country vary according to these regions. In the sierras, in cities such as Quito or Cuenca where most Ecuadorians live, health conditions most commonly associated with the tropics do not exist. For

title: Terrorism in Ecuador

text: inactive for several years. Domestic terrorist groups present in Ecuador, although some have been operationally inactive in the last few years, include the Popular Combatants Group (PCG), the Revolutionary Militia of the People, the Marxist-Leninist Party of Ecuador, and the Alfarista Liberation Army. Foreign groups include the Colombian groups Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and National Liberation Army (ELN). Terrorism in Ecuador Terrorism in Ecuador is a rare occurrence as the country, despite recurrent periods of economic and political instability, has been traditionally known as a peaceful state in Latin America, unlike its neighbor states; Peru and Colombia, which

title: Corruption in Ecuador

text: along with other Latin American and Caribbean countries, issued the Quito Declaration, which emphasized the importance of combatting corruption more seriously. Ecuador has also signed reciprocal corruption-fighting agreements with Belgium, Cuba, Mexico, and other countries. Corruption in Ecuador Corruption in Ecuador is a highly serious problem. In 2014, the U.S. Department of State cited Ecuador's corruption as a key human-rights problem. According to Freedom House, “Ecuador has long been racked by corruption” and the weak judicial oversight and investigative resources perpetuate a culture of impunity. In 2012, "The Daily Mail" called the country “a hotbed of corruption” and stated that

title: Transport in Ecuador

text: with Colombia. On 5 July 2008 a meeting took place between Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador regarding a railway for freight and passengers to link the three countries, and linking the Pacific with the Atlantic also. There is no railway service to Peru. Transport in Ecuador Transportation in Ecuador uses six transportation methods to transport passengers and freight (more specifically, oil). They are aviation, highways, pipelines, ports and harbors, railways, and waterways 359 (2006 est.) The Sierra Region still plays an important role in transportation throughout the country. The Pan-American Highway crosses it from North to South. Ecuador has managed to

title: The Pleasure Principle (song)

text: a medley with What Have You Done for Me Lately & Control. The Pleasure Principle (song) "The Pleasure Principle" is a song by American singer-songwriter Janet Jackson, recorded for her third studio album, "Control" (1986). It was written by and produced by Monte Moir, and was released as the sixth single from the album on May 12, 1987 by A&M Records. "The Pleasure Principle" is an "independent woman" anthem about love gone wrong built around a dance beat. The photo for the single cover was shot by fashion photographer David LaChapelle. The accompanying music video for "The Pleasure Principle" was

title: Women in Ecuador

text: of rape. In recent years, being confronted with the highest teenage pregnancy rate in South America, Ecuador has decided to liberalize its policy regarding contraception, including emergency contraception. Domestic violence against women is a very serious problem. "La Ley Contra la Violencia a la Mujer y la Familia" (Law on Violence against Women and the Family) deals with domestic violence. This law was heavily influenced by the "Consejo Nacional de las Mujeres CONAMU" (National Council of Women) and by what they believe in and stand for. A rough translation of their missions statement is to further enable our efforts and

title: Horton Principle

text: messages with an explicit structure, such as XML. Horton Principle The Horton Principle is a design rule for cryptographic systems and can be expressed as "Authenticate what is being meant, not what is being said". The principle is named after the title character in the Dr. Seuss children's book "Horton Hatches the Egg". The Horton Principle becomes important when using Message Authentication Codes (or MACs) in a cryptographic system. Suppose Alice wants to send a message to Bob, and she uses a MAC to authenticate a message "m" that was made by concatenating three data fields, where "m" := "a"

title: Horton Principle

text: Horton Principle The Horton Principle is a design rule for cryptographic systems and can be expressed as "Authenticate what is being meant, not what is being said". The principle is named after the title character in the Dr. Seuss children's book "Horton Hatches the Egg". The Horton Principle becomes important when using Message Authentication Codes (or MACs) in a cryptographic system. Suppose Alice wants to send a message to Bob, and she uses a MAC to authenticate a message "m" that was made by concatenating three data fields, where "m" := "a" || "b" || "c". Bob needs to know

title: Abortion in Ecuador

text: abortion were under investigation. In 2015, Ecuador was urged by CEDAW to decriminalize abortion in cases of rape and incest (under current law abortion in this case is legal only if the woman is mentally disabled) and severe fetal impairment (which is also illegal). Abortion in Ecuador Abortion in Ecuador is illegal except when performed in the case of a threat to the life or health of a pregnant woman (when this threat cannot be averted by other means) or when the pregnancy is the result of a sexual crime against a mentally disabled woman and her legal representative has

title: Education in Ecuador

text: EPN is the only one in Ecuador and has the large infrastructure, related to irradiation facilities like cobalt-60 source and electron beam processing. Universidad San Francisco de Quito, USFQ main campus is located in Cumbayá, outside of Quito, where students use a library, education and research laboratories, classrooms, and seven restaurants. USFQ is the only university in the world that owns a campus in the Galapagos Islands, and a campus in the Yasuni Biosphere Reserve (Tiputini Biodiversity Station), one of Earth's most biodiverse area. The Central University of Ecuador (Spanish: Universidad Central del Ecuador) is a national university located in

title: Harm principle

text: person is truly isolated from others and that most actions do affect other people in important ways. The ethical question as to what extent there should be constraints on free speech is often grounded in both the harm principle and the offense principle. If the exercise of free speech can be causally linked to violence or similar physical harm, it is constrained under the harm principle. Free speech actions such as burning a flag or holding controversial rallies usually fall under the offense principle instead, based on the corresponding question of what constitutes harm (or, alternately, weighing harm caused by

title: Corruption in Ecuador

text: Corruption in Ecuador Corruption in Ecuador is a highly serious problem. In 2014, the U.S. Department of State cited Ecuador's corruption as a key human-rights problem. According to Freedom House, “Ecuador has long been racked by corruption” and the weak judicial oversight and investigative resources perpetuate a culture of impunity. In 2012, "The Daily Mail" called the country “a hotbed of corruption” and stated that corruption “is widespread in the government, judiciary and police.” According to one report, “institutionalized graft has become a driving force” of Ecuador's economy, and that this graft “is flourishing in a vacuum of transparency or

title: Abortion in Ecuador

text: Abortion in Ecuador Abortion in Ecuador is illegal except when performed in the case of a threat to the life or health of a pregnant woman (when this threat cannot be averted by other means) or when the pregnancy is the result of a sexual crime against a mentally disabled woman and her legal representative has consented. The Ministry of Public Health provides guidelines on therapeutic abortion. In Ecuador, there is strong political opposition to abortion; in 2013 then president Rafael Correa threatened to resign if the abortion law was liberalized. As of 2015, nearly 100 criminal cases of illegal

title: Cannabis in Ecuador

text: is 10 grams of marijuana or hash. Cannabis in Ecuador Cannabis in Ecuador is legal for personal consumption in quantities of up to 10 grams. The sale of marijuana is illegal. According to the 2008 Constitution of Ecuador in its Article 364 the Ecuadorian state does not see drug consumption as a crime but only as a health concern. Since June 2013 the State drugs regulatory office CONSEP has published a table which establishes maximum quantities carried by persons so as to be considered in legal possession and that person as not a seller of drugs. The amount of cannabis

title: Cannabis in Ecuador

text: Cannabis in Ecuador Cannabis in Ecuador is legal for personal consumption in quantities of up to 10 grams. The sale of marijuana is illegal. According to the 2008 Constitution of Ecuador in its Article 364 the Ecuadorian state does not see drug consumption as a crime but only as a health concern. Since June 2013 the State drugs regulatory office CONSEP has published a table which establishes maximum quantities carried by persons so as to be considered in legal possession and that person as not a seller of drugs. The amount of cannabis that is allowed as personal consumption quantity

title: What Is a Nation?

text: French citizen has to have forgotten the massacre of Saint Bartholomew, or the massacre that took place in the South in the thirteenth century. While many nations, such as France, begin with a feudal regime such as a monarchy, others, such as the United States and Switzerland, are formed by acts of consensual aggregation. France and many others, however, survived their feudal roots while maintaining their identity. Renan inquires what is the organizing principle? It can't be race, because France is "Celt, Iberian, German...The most noble countries, England, France and Italy, are the ones where the blood is most mixed."

title: Americans in Ecuador

text: Americans in Ecuador Americans in Ecuador consists of immigrants and expatriates from the United States to Ecuador mostly retirees. It is estimated that about 5,000 to 10,000 American expatriates now live in the country. Cuenca is home to many retirees from all over the United States. They were drawn there by quality health care, a booming social scene and a low cost of living. Americans first came to Cuenca in a slow trickle and many years later a deluge of retirees began settling there. The mayor of Cuenca estimated that about 4,000 Americans are now living there. Loja is also

title: Tourism in Ecuador

text: Tourism in Ecuador Ecuador is a country with vast natural and cultural wealth. The diversity of its four regions has resulted in hundreds of thousands of species of flora and fauna. It has about 1640 species of birds. The species of butterflies line the 4,500, the 345 reptiles, 358 amphibians and 258 mammals, among others. Ecuador is considered one of the 17 countries where the greatest biodiversity of the planet is concentrated. Most of its flora and fauna live in 26 areas protected by the State. It also offers historical attractions such as Quito, food and a variety of cultures

title: Health in Ecuador

text: the form of mostly smaller, doctor-owned health clinics. Private health insurance can be purchased but, as in many countries, is largely used by those of middle and upper income groups. Ecuador has benefited from the Cuban system of medical education sending over 100 students per year (for over 10 years) to the Escuela de Medicina Latinoamericana at no cost to the government of Ecuador or the students. A requirement of the program is that 50% of these students be women. Before returning to practice in Ecuador, it is common for these doctors to complete specialized residencies in the major cities

title: History of the Jews in Ecuador

text: History of the Jews in Ecuador Ecuadorian Jews are a small Jewish community in the territory of today's Ecuador. They form one of the smallest Jewish communities in South America. In 1580 occurs in the Iberian peninsula union of the kingdoms of Spain and Portugal, and King Philip II of Spain is the only heir to the throne of that kingdom. Many Portuguese "suspicious of their faith" begin to enter the Viceroyalty of Peru by the newly founded city in which surveillance Inquisition was weaker. The first Jews start arriving in Ecuador in the 16th and 17th centuries. Then union

title: Coffee production in Ecuador

text: Coffee production in Ecuador Coffee production in Ecuador is one of only 15 countries in the world that grows and exports both Arabica and Robusta coffee, the two main species of coffee produced and consumed in the world. Different ecosystems in Ecuador permit different coffee cultures to occur all over the country, including in the Galápagos Islands. Historically, the Jipijapa Zone in the province of Manabí has been one of the most prominent places in which coffee has been cultivated in Ecuador. In 1860, coffee grains were introduced there. When Ecuador opened up to foreign trade and commerce, significant changes

title: History of the Jews in Ecuador

text: the Judaism practiced only in secret at home. Most of these Crypto-Jews still speak Ladino. Some say that Antonio José de Sucre, a leader in the struggle for independence in South America, and the hero of Ecuador, who served both as president of Peru (short term) and as president of Bolivia, is a descendant of those Jews. Certain family names among established Ecuadorian families attest to their Sephardi ancestry and Crypto-Jews; however, prior to World War II there was very little active Jewish immigration to Ecuador. Sephardic names in Ecuador Navon, wise; Moreno , teacher; Gabay, official; Piedra, stone; Amzalag,

title: Censorship in Ecuador

text: the following information: full name, phone number, passport number, voting certificate number, email address, and home address. Though originally the constitution allowed freedom of speech and in the press, a 2014 amendment regarded communication in Ecuador as a "public service", potentially allowing the government to become more involved in what is disseminated in the media. Since the establishment of the "Organic Law on Communications" in 2013, "Ecuador’s media regulator, known as SUPERCOM, has issued sanctions in more than 300 cases against media outlets". SUPERCOM and CORDICOM also persecuted numerous figures in the media for not following "vaguely worded content restrictions".

title: Banana production in Ecuador

text: them continue to be engaged in child labor in the agricultural sector, namely in the production of bananas. In December 2014 and as far as Ecuador is concerned, bananas are mentioned in the "List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor". Banana production in Ecuador Banana production in Ecuador is important to the national economy. Ecuador is one of the world's top banana producers, ranked 5th with an annual production of 8 million tonnes (6% of world production) as of 2011. The country exports more than 4 million tonnes annually. The crop is mostly grown on private plantations

title: Religion in Ecuador

text: company of fellow converts. Protestantism replaced the patterns of mutual reciprocity characteristic of peasant social relations with a network of sharing and support among fellow believers. This support system extended to migrants; converts who left for the city or the coast sought out their coreligionists for assistance in finding lodging and employment even as Catholics looked to their compadres. Religion in Ecuador Religion in Ecuador is an expression of the different cultural heritages in Ecuadorian culture, including those stemming from the Spanish colonization, Native Amerindians and Afro-Ecuadorians. Christianity is the largest religion in Ecuador. Among the old churches are new

title: Corruption in Ecuador

text: Secretariat for Transparency Management coordinates and executes transparency policies in the executive branch, and “create[s] strategies for investigating, processing and reporting corruption issues to the relevant public entities.” There is a Law for the Control of Money Laundering and there are financial disclosure laws as well. There are no laws against bribing foreign officials. Ecuador has ratified the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) and the Inter-American Convention Against Corruption (IACAC), though it has not enacted the chief requirements of the IACAC. In addition, Ecuador is a participant in the Andean Plan of Action Against Corruption. In December 2014, Ecuador,

title: Buena Fe, Ecuador

text: Catorce, Pechiche, Los Angeles and Zulema. San Jacinto Of Buena Fe is an urban parish of Buena Fe Canton, Los Ríos Province, Ecuador. Buena Fe, Ecuador Buena Fe a city in Los Ríos Province, Ecuador. Its history dates back to 1943 when settlers arrived and Medardo Rosa Espinoza Cabezas Figueroa Carrillo rented a village in what is now the Las Vegas , where they set up a shop which gave the name of Buena Fe ("Good Faith"). Over the years the name became generic, and others soon built their homes in the surrounding areas, gradually forming the village. Having reached

title: Television in Ecuador

text: Television in Ecuador Television in Ecuador is most important among the country's mass media. Television programming is dominated by telenovelas, series, and news programming. Private and government-run channels coexist at the national, regional, and local levels. Cable channels are also beginning to appear, most of which are exclusive to the companies that operate them. Finally, there are also internet television channels, some of which have specific themes like LGBT programming. There are six private channels (Ecuavisa, Teleamazonas, RTS, Telerama, RTU, Radio y Televisión Unidas, Latele and Oromar Televisión) and four government-run channels (TC Televisión, Gama TV, Canal Uno and Ecuador

title: Banana production in Ecuador

text: Banana production in Ecuador Banana production in Ecuador is important to the national economy. Ecuador is one of the world's top banana producers, ranked 5th with an annual production of 8 million tonnes (6% of world production) as of 2011. The country exports more than 4 million tonnes annually. The crop is mostly grown on private plantations which sell their crop to national and international companies such as Chiquita, Del Monte, Dole, and Noboa. and others. Production of bananas began in Ecuador in 1910. However, the industry did not experience a boom until 1948, when the government of President Galo

title: What Is the What

text: writes: "Over the course of many years, Dave and I have collaborated to tell my story... I told [him] what I knew and what I could remember, and from that material he created this work of art." The book is typical of Eggers' style: blending non-fictional and fictional elements into a non-fiction novel or memoir. By classifying the book a novel, Eggers says, he freed himself to re-create conversations, streamline complex relationships, add relevant detail and manipulate time and space in helpful ways—all while maintaining the essential truthfulness of the storytelling. However, not all critics were impressed. Lee Siegel sees

title: The Domino Principle

text: praise for the film) focused on the fact that the movie's plot made no sense, noting at one point that when Hackman's character said "I've done a lot of bad things in my life, but I ain't going to do that" the question of "What is he not going to do?" was neither established nor answered. According to Lew Grade, who helped finance the film, it "broke even." The Domino Principle The Domino Principle is a 1977 thriller film starring Gene Hackman, Candice Bergen, Mickey Rooney and Richard Widmark. The film is based on the novel of the same name

title: Coffee production in Ecuador

text: occurred throughout the country with new small plantations reaching a certain degree of development, allowing coffee export for the economic growth of the nation. This phenomenon occurred almost on par with cocoa production. In 1903, the cultivation of coffee fell, but two years later, it began to grow again, with Ecuador commencing export to several European countries from the port of Manta. In 1935, the exports rose to 220,000 "sacos", 552,000 in 1960, nearly doubling to 1,018,000 in 1975, and 1,810,000 in 1985. However, due to economic recession in the 1990s, coffee export reduced slightly. In 2001, it had grown

title: Cuenca, Ecuador

text: the county of the same name) features the biggest Inca ruins in Ecuador. One of the festivities celebrated in Cuenca and in other parts of Ecuador is "El Carnaval" This is celebrated three days prior to Ash Wednesday. Families get together to celebrate what started as a "pagan ritual". Now it is celebrated by wetting friends and random people with water balloons and spraying "Carioca" a non staining foam. Cuenca's inter-provincial bus station, called the Terminal Terrestre as it is in most cities, is well organized and clean. It is located on Avenida España in the northeastern corner of the

title: Corruption in Ecuador

text: thus operate outside regulatory framework, which exacerbates corruption. In 2016, Kathleen Peddicord wrote in "U.S. News" that small-scale corruption is widespread in Ecuador. “I've been short-changed in Ecuador dozens of times over the years,” she wrote. “Each time, the wrong change was politely explained as an honest mistake, but the mistake has never been in my favor. On the other hand, in Uruguay, Chile and Colombia, I've never been short-changed in all the years I've spent time in those countries.” Ecuador has many laws against corruption and several bodies that are tasked with fighting it, but these laws and bodies

title: Sport in Ecuador

text: Ecuador hosts an ATP World Tour 250 series event, the Ecuador Open Quito as part of the south-American summer clay-court circuit. Ecuador has competed in eleven Summer Olympic Games. They participated in the Winter Olympic Games for the first time in 2018. The nation from South America won its first Olympic medal, when Jefferson Pérez won the gold medal in the Men's 20 km Walk. The Ecuadorian Olympic Committee was created in 1948 and recognized by the IOC in 1959. Basketball has a high profile, especially at amateur (high school and college) level as an alternative to football. It is

title: Terrorism in Ecuador

text: Terrorism in Ecuador Terrorism in Ecuador is a rare occurrence as the country, despite recurrent periods of economic and political instability, has been traditionally known as a peaceful state in Latin America, unlike its neighbor states; Peru and Colombia, which have suffered widespread violence by insurgent, paramilitary and drug trafficking organizations (all using terror tactics) in different degrees for more than fifty years. Attacks in Ecuador have traditionally been carried out by small domestic organizations (both known and anonymous) as well as, in a lesser degree, foreign Colombian groups operating within Ecuador's borders. A number of terror organizations have been

title: Sport in Ecuador

text: international football games at or higher than 2,500m above sea level. Ecuador, Bolivia and other South American countries issued a joint letter of protest against this ruling. Ecuador qualified for the finals tournaments of both the 2002 and 2006 FIFA World Cup. Ecuador finished ahead of Poland and Costa Rica, to come second to Germany in Group A, in the 2006 FIFA World Cup. There is a considerable interest in tennis in the middle and upper classes in Ecuadorian society, and several Ecuadorian professional players have attained international fame, including Nicolás Lapentti, Francisco Segura, and Andrés Gómez. As of 2015,

title: China–Ecuador relations

text: yet resource-rich countries in sub-Saharan Africa. President Correa has publicly complained about China’s guarantee demands of the loans, calling it “attempts against the sovereignty of Ecuador”. During these public denouncements however, Correa’s administration was secretly signing a letter allowing PetroChina to seize assets from any oil companies operating in Ecuador in the event that Ecuador would not pay back its loans to China in full. Even more worrying is the “Four Party Agreement” from August 2010, signed by PetroEcuador, the Ecuadorian Ministry of Finance, PetroChina and the Chinese Development Bank. Article 15 of that contract has what Analytica Investments calls

title: What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy

text: What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy is a 1976 book by Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya. Explaining the relationship between the soul and consciousness in the Nyaya-Vaisesika philosophy, Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya makes three points. First, consciousness in this view is knowledge (jnana) in an empirical sense. Second, consciousness is one of the multiple qualities of the soul. Third, consciousness is a transient quality, not a permanent quality. By itself, the soul is without consciousness; consciousness is produced in the soul only when it is conjoined with certain other entities. Hiriyanna,

title: Prostitution in Ecuador

text: Republic and Haiti, initially lured by smugglers promising a better life, have documents confiscated, debts imposed, and are forced into prostitution. Ecuador is also a destination for Colombian, Peruvian, Dominican, Venezuelan, Mexican, Haitian, Paraguayan, and Cuban women and girls exploited in sex trafficking. Traffickers used Ecuador as a transit route for trafficking victims from Colombia, Cuba, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic. Sex traffickers use emotional relationships and job offers to recruit victims and prey on vulnerabilities such as prior domestic and sexual violence. The United States Department of State Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons class Ecuador as

text: commenting on this point, notes: Hiriyanna expresses his perplexity in reviewing the Nyaya-Vaisesika view of consciousness, and then comes out with a comment equating this view with the Charvaka view of consciousness: What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy is a 1976 book by Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya. Explaining the relationship between the soul and consciousness in the Nyaya-Vaisesika philosophy, Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya makes three points. First, consciousness in this view is knowledge (jnana) in an empirical sense. Second, consciousness is one of the multiple qualities of the soul. Third,

title: Health in Ecuador

text: conducts a national survey to determine conclusions about the malnutrition rates in Ecuador. 1960s: More limited studies about malnutrition rates are conducted. late 1960s: 40% of preschool children show some degree of malnutrition. 30% of children under 12 years of age are malnourished and 15% are anemic. late 1980s: Childhood mortality decreases to .9% 1991: Health officials in Ecuador, Bolivia and Chile banned entry of uncooked food from Peru, particularly fish, which reduced the spread of many diseases in Ecuador. 2010: Dengue hemorrhagic fever epidemic in Ecuador. Life expectancy at birth: 78 years Childhood mortality (per 1000 live births): 24

title: Transport in Ecuador

text:
Transport in Ecuador Transportation in Ecuador uses six transportation methods to transport passengers and freight (more specifically, oil). They are aviation, highways, pipelines, ports and harbors, railways, and waterways 359 (2006 est.) The Sierra Region still plays an important role in transportation throughout the country. The Pan-American Highway crosses it from North to South. Ecuador has managed to update some roads into 4-lane freeways:
"total:" 31 ships ( or over) totaling /
"ships by type:" (2006 est.) "Foreign-owned:" 2 "Registered in other countries" 1 "total:" 812 km (single track)
"narrow gauge:" 812 km gauge There is a proposed rail connection

title: Health in Ecuador

text: Probability of dying between 15 and 60 years m/f (per 1000 population): 206/123 There are many prevalent diseases in Ecuador, mainly due to environmental conditions, geographical location, and lack of health care. Specific health problems that are common in Ecuador: infant mortality, acute respiratory infection, diarrhetic diseases, dengue fever, malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, health problems due to smoking, malnutrition. In Ecuador, there are approximately 14000 cases of TB per year. The HIV prevalence rate among persons aged 15–49 is 0.3%. Stunting from chronic malnutrition affects 26% of children under 5. There are approximately 686 malaria cases per 100,000 people. Health has

title: History of the Jews in Ecuador

text: of World War II, Ecuador still admitted a certain number of immigrants, and in 1939, when several South American countries refused to accept the 165 Jewish refugees from Germany aboard the ship "Koenigstein," Ecuador granted them entry permits. Nevertheless, the country eventually gave way to a policy of selectivity. Jewish immigration to Ecuador were supposed to be employed in the agricultural realm, but the authorities soon surmised that the immigrants were actually merchants, industrialists, and businessmen, and were not farming. As a result, in 1938 legislation was passed compelling any Jew not engaged in agriculture or industry to leave the

title: Reality principle

text: every need, but potential young adults with the ability to defer gratification in favor of more suitable circumstances. What is dominant in the mind is no longer only what is pleasurable, but what is real, even if it happens to be disagreeable. A further change in the reality principle from adolescence to adulthood can be a critical transition in its consolidation; but the impact of certain traumatic experiences may prove to be detrimental from within the unconscious. In the new reality principle, the individual must find themselves to be represented as a strong presence within their own mind and making

title: Bernoulli's principle

text: using Bernoulli’s equation since the air above and below are "different" flow fields and Bernoulli's principle only applies within a flow field. As the wording of the principle can change its implications, stating the principle correctly is important. What Bernoulli's principle actually says is that within a flow of constant energy, when fluid flows through a region of lower pressure it speeds up and vice versa. Thus, Bernoulli's principle concerns itself with "changes" in speed and "changes" in pressure "within" a flow field. It cannot be used to compare different flow fields. A correct explanation of why the paper rises

title: Banana production in Ecuador

text: GDP. Of this export, bananas were primarily destined for the United States, the largest importer (24 percent), followed by the European Union accounting for 17 percent. However, the European Union, is insistent on signing a trade deal which Ecuador has so far refused to sign. This has created fear among the farming community in Ecuador for their livelihoods. Although there are 300 varieties of bananas grown in Ecuador, the widely grown variety is Cavendish, which can be grown at high densities but are susceptible to pest, mould and other diseases, and spraying the plant with chemicals and pesticides is an

title: Reflection principle

text: Reflection principle In set theory, a branch of mathematics, a reflection principle says that it is possible to find sets that resemble the class of all sets. There are several different forms of the reflection principle depending on exactly what is meant by "resemble". Weak forms of the reflection principle are theorems of ZF set theory due to , while stronger forms can be new and very powerful axioms for set theory. The name "reflection principle" comes from the fact that properties of the universe of all sets are "reflected" down to a smaller set. A naive version of the

title: Coffee production in Ecuador

text: companies. Agriculturists dedicated to this activity, as well as the extension of exports, make important contributions to the Ecuadorian economy. , Ecuadorian coffee is exported to 29 countries worldwide, with Russia, Poland, Germany, Colombia, Italy, and the Netherlands accounting for over 80 percent of the total export volume. Coffee production in Ecuador Coffee production in Ecuador is one of only 15 countries in the world that grows and exports both Arabica and Robusta coffee, the two main species of coffee produced and consumed in the world. Different ecosystems in Ecuador permit different coffee cultures to occur all over the country,

title: Domestic violence in Ecuador

text: Domestic violence in Ecuador Although prohibited by law, domestic violence in Ecuador is widespread. Family courts can impose fines for domestic violence, and have the power to remove an abusive spouse from the home. Ecuador has created specialized judicial units under the Ministry of Justice, with judges specializing in family violence. Serious cases of abuse can be referred to the Office of the Public Prosecutor for prosecution. The extent of domestic violence is difficult to estimate, due to differing definitions of abuse and due to problems with self reporting in studies. In a 2008 survey, 32.4% of the women interviewed

title: Variational principle

text: Variational principle A variational principle is a scientific principle used within the calculus of variations, which develops general methods for finding functions which extremize the value of quantities that depend upon those functions. For example, to answer this question: "What is the shape of a chain suspended at both ends?" we can use the variational principle that the shape must minimize the gravitational potential energy. Any physical law which can be expressed as a variational principle describes a self-adjoint operator. These expressions are also called Hermitian. Such an expression describes an invariant under a Hermitian transformation. Felix Klein's Erlangen program

title: Transfer principle

text: the effect that each proposition valid over R, is also valid over *R, is called the transfer principle. There are several different versions of the transfer principle, depending on what model of non-standard mathematics is being used. In terms of model theory, the transfer principle states that a map from a standard model to a non-standard model is an elementary embedding (an embedding preserving the truth values of all statements in a language), or sometimes a "bounded" elementary embedding (similar, but only for statements with bounded quantifiers). The transfer principle appears to lead to contradictions if it is not handled