Ralph Randles Stewart

Ralph Randles Stewart (April 15, 1890 – November 6, 1993) usually referred to as R. R. Stewart, was a botanist and principal of Gordon College (Pakistan).

Education 
Stewart was born in Hebron, New York. He obtained his B.A. and Ph.D. degrees from Columbia University, New York.  He later received a D.Sc. Honorary (1953) from the University of the Punjab, Lahore and an LLD Honorary (1963) from Alma College, Michigan, USA.

Career 
Upon receiving his college degree from Columbia University in 1911, Stewart accepted a three-year position with the United Presbyterian Church teaching botany and zoology at Gordon College (Pakistan), in Rawalpindi (then in India).  After spending from September, 1911 until July, 1914, in that position, he returned to the United States and in the fall of 1914 began graduate studies in botany at Columbia.  In 1916 he completed his Ph.D. and married fellow-Columbia graduate student Isabelle Caroline Darrow, sister of botanist George M. Darrow. Returning to Gordon College, Stewart was Professor of Botany (1917–1960) and Principal (1934–1954).

After retiring from Gordon College in 1960, Stewart moved back to the United States. He took a position as Research Associate (1960–1981) at the University of Michigan Herbarium with over 30,000 plant specimens that he had collected in India, Kashmir, Iran, etc.

Awards 
In recognition of his services to educational and botanical work, Stewart was awarded the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal in 1938, and the Sitara-e-Imtiaz (Star of Distinction) in 1961.  He was recognized as a Member of the American Association for Advancement of Sciences in 1984, and as a foreign member Pakistan Academy of Sciences in 1983.

In 1972, botanist Eugene Nasir published Stewartiella is a genus of flowering plants from Afghanistan and Pakistan, belonging to the family Apiaceae and was named in Ralph Randles Stewart's honor.

Activities 
At that time the flora of India and Western Himalayas was not well known. Stewart embarked on plant collection trips, often on his bicycle, as far as  Kashmir and into Western Tibet. He continued to collect plants every summer (1912–1959) without any financial support. In 1960, when Stewart retired at the age of 70, he gave his collection of over 50,000 plant specimens, now called the Stewart Collection, to Professor E. Nasir at Gordon College (Rawalpindi). The Stewart Collection has been deposited in the National Herbarium of the government of Pakistan at Islamabad, leaving a very rich heritage for the students of plant sciences.

Stewart was the father of systematic botany in Pakistan, having spent more than 50 years in the Indo-Pakistan subcontinent. He wrote comprehensive reports on the flora of N. W. Himalayas, Western Tibet, Kashmir, Kurram Valley, flora of Balochistan and grasses of West Pakistan. Apart from collecting flowering plants, Stewart made a scientific contribution in the collection of mosses, plant disease specimens like rusts, smuts and fleshy fungi which have since been published in Mycologia by Dr. Arthur and Dr. Cummins of Purdue University. One of his most important contributions "An Annotated Catalogue of Vascular Plants of Pakistan and Kashmir (1972)" serves as the basis of writing the Flora of Pakistan edited by E. Nasir and S.I. Ali (1970–1988), S. I. Ali and Y. J. Nasir (1989–1991) and S. I. Ali and M. Qaiser (1992–).

Stewart returned to Pakistan in 1990 to visit Gordon College and make a presentation at the International Symposium on Plant life of South Asia. The symposium was organized at the Department of Botany, University of Karachi, to commemorate the centenary of Stewart. The participation of Stewart is indicative of his interest of plant sciences and his love for Pakistan.

In 1982, at the age of 91, Stewart wrote a sort of memoir, Flora of Pakistan: History and Exploration of Plants in Pakistan and Adjoining Areas, in which he wrote:

Personal life 
In September 1916, Stewart married Isabelle Caroline Darrow (1888-1953) at the bride's home in Middlebury, Vermont.  Darrow, also born in Hebron, New York, graduated from Middlebury College in 1911, and then spent 1911-14 teaching science in a United Presbyterian Church position at Anatolia College in Merzifon.  She was the sister of botanist George M. Darrow. The couple met studying for graduate degrees in science at Columbia in 1915, both wishing to return to teaching abroad. They had two daughters at Gordon College, Jean Macmillan Stewart Andrews (1919–1970), born in Sialkot, and Ellen Reid Stewart Daniels (1921–1998), born at Jhelum, followed by six grandchildren and six great-grandchildren. After the death of Stewart's first wife, Isabelle (Darrow) Stewart, he married Winifred Hladia Porter (1896–1984) in 1954. He died in 1993 in Duarte, California.

See also 
 Columbia University
 Gordon College
 National Herbarium Islamabad

References

External links 
 
 Harvard libraries articles by him
 Ralph R. Stewart - biographical sketch and list of publications
 THE Flora of Pakistan PROJECT
 Ralph R. Stewart and Hladia Porter archive
 Article about searching for Dr. Ralph Randles Stewart's legacy in Pakistan, by Joshua Berman

1890 births
1993 deaths
20th-century American botanists
American centenarians
Men centenarians
Columbia University alumni
Recipients of Sitara-i-Imtiaz
University of the Punjab alumni
American expatriate academics
American expatriates in Pakistan
American emigrants to Pakistan
Botanists active in Pakistan
Recipients of the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal
University of Michigan people
Academic staff of Government Gordon College