TerenceLau/sparrow huggingface dataset:
Ida Nyrop Ludvigsen

Ida Nyrop Ludvigsen (1927–1973), Danish translator and official, was born and raised in Gentofte, Denmark as the first of two children. Her parents, mag.art Karen Nyrop and mag.art Anders Carl Christensen, were both engaged to teach French language for listeners at the Danish State Broadcast when it started around 1926.

Ludvigsen lost her father at the age of fourteen, but her mother Karen managed the very popular radio lessons until 1953 and provided for her family by numerous translations of classic and modern French literature.

Ludvigsen married in 1946 to Holger Ludvigsen (1925–2008) and never finished her university studies in literature, but became a mother of five children. Among them is the author and journalist Jacob Ludvigsen (1947) who among other happenings founded the free town of Christiania in Copenhagen. After thirteen years of marriage and mothering, she started working at the Danish Royal Library in Copenhagen. She published occasional short stories, articles or reviews, and a single  collection of poems called Modsat (Opposite) in 1966.  At that time, she started her career as a translator from English.

Her most successful work was translating J. R. R. Tolkien's books. Her  translation of The Lord of the Rings (1968-1972) was the first to profit from Tolkien's Guide to the Names in The Lord of the Rings for translators.
She also had numerous other public roles, the most important as a member of the Danish State Radio council.

1927 births
1973 deaths
Danish women writers
Peace Center

The Peace Center is a performing arts center located in Greenville, South Carolina. It is composed of a concert hall, theater, and amphitheatre. Located adjacent to Falls Park, the center hosts over 300 events each year, including classical music, Broadway shows, pop stars, and magic shows including David Copperfield.

About

The Peace Center is named after the local Peace family who donated $10 million towards its development. The center was opened in 1990 and is built on the former site of three dilapidated factories - one building wagons for the Confederate Army, a textile plant built in the 1880s, and a building serving as the home for Duke's Mayonnaise.
There are four resident companies: Greenville Symphony Orchestra, Carolina Ballet Theatre, and the International Ballet.  In January 2004, the Peace Center hosted a debate among Democratic presidential candidates.  In May 2011, it was the site of the first Republican debate for the 2012 presidential election.  In February 2016, it was the site of the ninth Republican debate for the 2016 presidential election.

The TD Stage at the Peace Center (formerly the Peace Center Amphitheater) opened September 12, 2012, hosting Vince Gill. The night started with Mayor Knox White and TD executives hosting a ribbon cutting ceremony. Seating capacity is projected to be 1,400+. Patrons are able to sit along the tiered seat-walls or use blankets or lawn chairs in the open-seating areas.

The Brian Setzer Orchestra performed at the Peace Center in '06 for their Christmas Rocks Tour, and also played some of their hits like "Jump, Jive, and Wail".

External links
 Peace Center - Official website of the Peace Center.
 Peace Center History - History of this building from before it was built to its current standing.
 Greenville Symphony Orchestra

References

Landmarks in South Carolina
Buildings and structures in Greenville, South Carolina
Theatres in South Carolina
Tourist attractions in Greenville, South Carolina
Grande controverse de l'étrier

La Grande controverse de l'étrier est une controverse issue de la thèse de l'étrier, théorie selon laquelle la féodalité en Europe est en grande partie le résultat de l'introduction de l'étrier pour la cavalerie.

L'idée, initialement proposée par Lynn Townsend White en 1962, soutient qu'un cheval équipé d'étriers est plus maniable et plus efficace au combat. La cavalerie franque aurait ainsi remplacé l'infanterie comme force la plus puissante sur le champ de bataille ; l'aristocratie, ayant seule les moyens de posséder un cheval, serait alors devenue la force dominante.

 la cavalerie a remplacé l'infanterie sous la dynastie carolingienne en France, comme moyen privilégié de lutter contre l'ennemi, à l'époque de l'émergence de la féodalité, mais la question de savoir si ce changement est dû à l'introduction de l'étrier est controversée parmi les historiens. Il est en effet admis que la cavalerie lourde a été utilisée avec succès bien avant l'apparition des étriers, et que le passage vers la cavalerie comme unité dominante n'est pas le résultat des nouvelles technologies. Ainsi, la première unité de cavalerie lourde, les cataphractaires, est apparue au , en Asie centrale, près de  avant la dynastie carolingienne.

Les reconstitutions modernes et l'archéologie ont montré que, si l'étrier fournit peu d'avantages pour un lancier monté, il donne cependant plus de stabilité pour combattre de près avec une épée ou une masse d'armes, ce qui a favorisé le développement des tournois.

Notes et références

Annexes

Articles connexes 
Cheval au Moyen Âge
Étrier

Liens externes 
 John Sloan, "The stirrup controversy"
 Medieval Technology Pages:Paul J. Gans, The great stirrup controversy"

Cavalerie
Histoire du cheval
Villers-le-Sec (Alto Saona)

Villers-le-Sec  es una población y comuna francesa, situada en la región de Franco Condado, departamento de Alto Saona, en el distrito de Vesoul y cantón de Noroy-le-Bourg.

Demografía

Enlaces externos 

 INSEE

Villers-le-Sec
Laurens Pannecoucke

Laurens Pannecoucke  (born 19 July 1988 in Kortrijk) is a Belgian sprint canoeist. Pannecoucke is a member of the canoe and kayak team for Bloso Hazewinkel Sports Club in Willebroek, and is coached and trained by Carlos Prendes.

Pannecoucke qualified for the men's K-2 1000 metres at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, by finishing fourth from the 2011 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Szeged, Hungary. Pannecoucke and his partner Olivier Cauwenbergh paddled to a second-place finish and tenth overall in the B-final by forty-seven hundredths of a second (0.47) behind the winning Danish pair Kim Wraae Knudsen and Emil Stær Simensen, posting their best Olympic time of 3:13.298. Three days later, the Belgian pair edged out Romania's Ionuț Mitrea and Bogdan Mada for fourth place by ten seconds, in the B-final of the men's K-2 200 metres, clocking at 36.336 seconds.  The pair also competed in the K-2 200 m at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

References

External links
 
NBC Olympics Profile

1988 births
Belgian male canoeists
Living people
Olympic canoeists for Belgium
Canoeists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Kortrijk
Canoeists at the 2015 European Games
European Games competitors for Belgium
Pacifiphantes

Pacifiphantes es un género de arañas araneomorfas de la familia Linyphiidae. Se encuentra en la zona holártica.

Lista de especies 
Según The World Spider Catalog 12.0:
 Pacifiphantes magnificus (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943)
 Pacifiphantes zakharovi Eskov & Marusik, 1994

Referencias

Enlaces externos 
 En ION
 Nomenclator Zoologicus

Linyphiinae
Шёнау-Берцдорф

Шёнау-Берцдорф () — община в Германии, в земле Саксония. Подчиняется административному округу Дрезден. Входит в состав района Гёрлиц. Подчиняется управлению Бернштадт/Шёнау-Берцдорф.  Население составляет 1615 человек (на 31 декабря 2010 года). Занимает площадь 27,84 км².

Примечания

Ссылки 
 www.schoenau-berzdorf.de  Официальная страница
Шихабуддин аль-Умари

Шихабудди́н А́хмад ибн Яхья́ аль-Умари ад-Димашки (;
12 июня 1301—1349) — арабский учёный, географ, , энциклопедист.

Родился в Дамаске в 1301 году. Образование получил в Египте. Должность секретаря египетского султана получил от своего отца в качестве преемника. Имел доступ к архивам мамлюкского государства. Многие сведения, изложенные в его произведениях, не встречаются ни у одного автора.

Сочинения 
  — историко-географическая энциклопедия.
 «Ознакомление с высоким стилем» — переписка правителей Египта с правителями других стран.

Литература 
 Крачковский И. Ю. Арабская географическая литература // Избр. соч. — М.; Л., 1957. — Т. 4.
 Тизенгаузен В. Г. Сборник материалов, относящихся к истории Золотой Орды: Извлечения из сочинений арабских. — СПб., 1884.

Ссылки 
 

Арабские историки
Арабские географы
Хронисты
Cousimbert

Le Cousimbert est un sommet des Préalpes fribourgeoises.

Géographie 
Le Cousimbert est situé en Suisse, dans le canton de Fribourg, à l'est de la commune de La Roche. Son sommet s'élève à  d'altitude. Au sommet est présent une croix ainsi qu'une table. Ce sommet est situé à moins de deux kilomètres de la Berra.

Toponymie 
Cousimbert se dit Käsenberg en allemand et Koujinbê  en patois fribourgeois.

Notes et références 

Montagne dans le canton de Fribourg
Sommet des Alpes suisses
Sommet des Alpes bernoises
Larry Pusateri

Larry Pusateri, (aka Luis R. Archuleta and Ramon C. Montoya), is a convicted felon and former Colorado resident who was wanted by the FBI since 1977 following his escape from a Colorado prison. On August 5, 2020 he was arrested in Española, New Mexico after successfully evading law enforcement and living there for almost 47 years under the alias "Ramon C. Montoya".

Background 
Pusateri was born in Brooklyn, New York. He worked as a barber before embarking on a life of crime, which included burglary, robbery, and drug trafficking in both Mexico and the United States.

Criminal history 
in 1971, Pusateri shot a Denver Police Officer named Daril Cinquanta, then fled to Mexico, where he was arrested by federal officials for drug trafficking. Pusateri was then extradited to the U.S. to face trial in Colorado and was sentenced to serve 9 years in prison for the crime. He subsequently escaped from Colorado prison. Prior to this offense, Pusateri previously escaped from a California prison.

In March 1973, a Denver jury found him guilty of shooting Denver police officer Daril Cinquanta in the 4400 block of Mariposa Street. In 1974, Pusateri escaped while undergoing exams at a state hospital in Pueblo, Colorado. He and three other inmates held several correctional officers at gunpoint with a .38 caliber handgun and then stole a vehicle and escaped custody. Two of the inmates who escaped with Pusateri were eventually caught, but Pusateri evaded capture.

Living in New Mexico 
After his successful escape from a Colorado prison, Pusateri settled in Espanola, New Mexico under the alias Ramon C. Montoya where he lived and evaded the authorities for 47 years. While living in New Mexico, Pusateri was arrested in 2011 for aggravated drunk driving and failure to stay in his lane in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. From that arrest, Law enforcement were able to provide Española police and the FBI with a photo, which eventually lead to his capture.

Daril Cinquanta, the police officer who was shot by Pusateri in 1971, and who was working as a private detective at the time, tracked Pusateri to Espanola, New Mexico after receiving an anonymous tip on June 24, 2020 that Pusateri was living there under the alias Ramon C. Montoya. Cinquanta discovered that “Ramon Montoya” had been arrested in 2011 for a DWI in New Mexico. He subsequently contacted the Española police, who notified the FBI of Pusateri's whereabouts. FBI agents arrested Pusateri at his home in Española on Wednesday, August 5, 2020, after a coordinated investigation between the FBI and the Española Police Department. Little is known about what Pusateri had been doing for nearly 50 years in Española. Cinquanta said Pusateri had a fake Social Security card and a valid New Mexico driver’s license.

America's Most Wanted 
Larry Pusateri had been featured on the television show America's Most Wanted on two occasions.

References 

1943 births
American escapees
Fugitives wanted by the United States
Living people
Magnolia Square, Los Angeles

Magnolia Square is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California.

Geography
By city council action in October 2001 (C.F. #01-1874), "Magnolia Square" was officially named and designated as being bounded by the following streets: Century Boulevard on the north, South Vermont Avenue on the west, the Harbor Freeway (I-110) on the east, and Imperial Highway on the south. 

The Department of Transportation was instructed to install signage at the following intersections: Figueroa Street at 109th Place,  Figueroa at 99th Street, Century Boulevard at Grand Avenue, and Imperial Highway at Vermont Avenue.

History
Beginning in 2000, the Eighth District Empowerment Congress began working on the "Naming Neighborhoods Project" to identify and name individual communities that had historically been grouped together and regarded as part of South Central Los Angeles. 
 
The first focus group was held at Hebrew Union College in June 2000.  Through research, a meeting with an urban historian, and numerous community meetings, the Empowerment Congress ultimately outlined sixteen unique neighborhoods, including the neighborhood of Magnolia Square. The names were submitted to City Council in October 2001 and approved in February 2002.

Government
Magnolia Square lies within Los Angeles City Council District 8.

The neighborhood of Magnolia Square is split between two neighborhood councils: the Empowerment Congress Southeast Area Neighborhood Council serves Magnolia Square residents Century Boulevard and 110th Street  and the Harbor Gateway North Neighborhood Council serves the area between 110th Street and Imperial Boulevard.

Parks and recreation

Two public parks are located within the boundaries of Magnolia Square:

 Little Green Acres Park-Community Garden, 104th Street and Vermont Avenue

 105th Street Pocket Park,  609 West 105th Street

Education
Two public schools are located within the boundaries of Magnolia Square:

 Figueroa Street Elementary School, LAUSD, 510 West 111th Street 
 Washington Primary Center, LAUSD, 860 West 112th Street

External links
 
 A Los Angeles Times Magazine story exploring the smells of the city.

References

Neighborhoods in Los Angeles
South Los Angeles
Von Freeman

Earl Lavon Freeman Sr. (né le  à Chicago en Illinois et mort le  dans cette ville), dit Von Freeman, est un saxophoniste ténor de jazz américain. Il est le père de Chico Freeman.

Biographie
Von Freeman a appris à jouer du saxophone dès l'enfance avec Walter Dyett. Il est devenu professionnel à 16 ans dans l'orchestre d'Horace Henderson.  Enrôlé dans la marine pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale il a joué dans un orchestre militaire.

Dès son retour à Chicago, il a joué avec ses frères (George à la guitare et Bruz (Eldrige) à la batterie) au . Plusieurs musiciens de premier plan comme Charlie Parker, Roy Eldridge et Dizzy Gillespie jouèrent avec eux. Au début des années 1950 Von a joué avec le groupe de Sun Ra.

C'est seulement en 1972 que Von a enregistré sous son nom avec Roland Kirk.

Von est considéré comme un des fondateurs de l'"École de Chicago" des saxophonistes ténors avec Gene Ammons, Johnny Griffin et Clifford Jordan.

Liens externes 
 
 Site officiel
 
 All Music

Naissance en octobre 1922
Naissance à Chicago
Saxophoniste ténor américain de jazz
Décès en août 2012
Décès à Chicago
Décès à 89 ans
Artiste d'Atlantic Records
Artiste de SteepleChase Records
Angelo Attaguile

Angelo Attaguile (né le  à Grammichele) est un homme politique italien, membre du Mouvement pour les autonomies, puis de la Ligue du Nord à partir de 2015.

Biographie 

Fils du sénateur et ministre , Angelo Attaguile a été responsable national du mouvement jeunesse de la Démocratie chrétienne.

De 1987 à 1990, il a présidé le Calcio Catane. Il est élu député en Campanie les 24 et , dans la liste du Peuple de la liberté. Il s'inscrit au groupe parlementaire de la Ligue du Nord le .

En , Matteo Salvini, secrétaire fédéral de la Ligue du Nord annonce lors d'une conférence de presse la naissance de Noi con Salvini, un mouvement politique destiné à enraciner les idées de la Ligue dans le Centre et le Midi italiens. Le , Angelo Attaguile en est nommé secrétaire national et coordinateur pour la Sicile. Il quitte alors le Mouvement pour les autonomies.

Notes et références

Liens externes 

Personnalité politique italienne du XXIe siècle
Député de la dix-septième législature de la République italienne
Personnalité du Peuple de la liberté
Personnalité de la Ligue du Nord
Naissance en mai 1947
Naissance à Grammichele
Акулово (Сущёвское сельское поселение)

Акулово — деревня в Костромском районе Костромской области России. Входит в состав Сущёвского сельского поселения.

География 
Деревня находится в юго-западной части Костромской области, в подзоне южной тайги, на берегах реки Барзюковки, к западу от автодороги , на расстоянии приблизительно 14 километров (по прямой) к северу от города Костромы, административного центра области и района. Абсолютная высота — 101 метр над уровнем моря.

Климат 
Климат характеризуется как умеренно континентальный, с продолжительной холодной многоснежной зимой и коротким сравнительно тёплым летом. Средняя температура воздуха самого холодного месяца (января) — −11,6 °C; самого тёплого месяца (июля) — 17,8 °C (абсолютный максимум — 37 °С). Годовое количество атмосферных осадков — 613 мм, из которых большая часть выпадает в тёплый период.

Часовой пояс

Население

Национальный состав 
Согласно результатам переписи 2002 года, в национальной структуре населения русские составляли 100 % из 64 чел.

Примечания 

Населённые пункты Костромского района
Midnight Sun Game

The Midnight Sun Game is an amateur baseball game played every summer solstice at Growden Memorial Park in Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.  Because the sun is out for almost 24 hours a day, the game starts at about 10:30 at night and completes around 1:30 the next morning.  However, because Fairbanks's summer time zone differs by about an hour from local solar time, coupled with the state's observance of daylight saving time, the game may not actually last until solar midnight, at about 1:53.  Famous players who have appeared in the game include Tom Seaver, Dave Winfield, Terry Francona, Harold Reynolds, Jason Giambi, and Bill "Spaceman" Lee.

After Noel Wien's arrival in 1924, he noted, "The baseball team played on weekends, and on June 21 and July 4 they always started a game at midnight sharp, just to indicate that this was the farthest city in the country."

The first game was in 1906. Artificial light has never been used.  The sun does dip below the horizon for about an hour. Since 1960, the game has been hosted by the Alaska Goldpanners, a collegiate summer baseball team based in Fairbanks. As the Goldpanners have been without a league since leaving the Alaska Baseball League in 2015, the opponent has typically been picked from other collegiate summer teams from anywhere in the United States.

In 2020 the Goldpanners pulled out of the contest due to the coronavirus pandemic and local amateur squads played the game instead, with a local American Legion Baseball squad facing the local town team baseball squad. The game has never been rained out; the game narrowly avoided a rainout in 2020 after heavy downpours flooded the field earlier in the day, but the two competing teams were unwilling not to let the game go forward and cleared the field to the best of their ability to allow the game to go on.

For 2021, the game expanded into a Midnight Sun Tournament, with a doubleheader consisting of the final of the American Legion Baseball tournament leading into the Goldpanners' Midnight Sun Game.

Game results
Through 1959, the Midnight Sun Game featured various teams from the Fairbanks area. In 1960, the game became exclusively hosted by the Alaska Goldpanners. Although the Midnight Sun Game has been played since 1906, only games hosted by the Goldpanners are listed, with the exception of the 2020 contest.  The Goldpanners are 47-14 all-time.

References

External links
 

1906 in baseball
1906 establishments in Alaska
Annual events in Alaska
Baseball in Alaska
Sports in Fairbanks, Alaska
Culture of Fairbanks, Alaska
Slick Smith

Ebenezer "Slick" Smith (August 17, 1929 - January 27, 1997) was an American stock car racing driver. A native of Atlanta, Georgia, he was competitor in the NASCAR Grand National Series (now NASCAR Cup Series) and competed in the first-ever series race in 1949.

He was one of the first drivers to receive sponsorship from a car manufacturer, running the 1950 race at North Wilkesboro Speedway in a Nash Ambassador previously driven by Bill France Sr. and Curtis Turner in the 1947 Carrera Panamericana.

References

External links

1997 deaths
1929 births
Racing drivers from Atlanta
NASCAR drivers
Norway women's national under-20 basketball team

The Norway women's national under-20 basketball team is a national basketball team of Norway, administered by the Norwegian Basketball Association. It represents the country in women's international under-20 basketball competitions.

FIBA U20 Women's European Championship participations

See also
Norway women's national basketball team
Norway women's national under-18 basketball team
Norway men's national under-20 basketball team

References

External links
Archived records of Norway team participations

Basketball in Norway
Basketball
Women's national under-20 basketball teams
Lamberts Peak

Lamberts Peak () is a small peak  north-northeast of the Mason Peaks in the Grove Mountains of Antarctica. It was mapped from air photos, 1956–60, by Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions, and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for G. Lamberts, a topographic draftsman with the Division of National Mapping at the Australian Department of National Development, who has made a substantial contribution to the compilation of Antarctic maps.

References

Mountains of Princess Elizabeth Land
Lederbergia

Lederbergia is a genus of gram-positive or Gram-variable, rod-shaped bacteria in the family Bacillaceae within the order Bacillales. The type species for this genus is Lederbergia galactosidilyticus.

Lederbergia is composed of species originally belonging to the genus Bacillus, whose complicated evolutionary interspecies relationships has been long under scrutiny by the scientific community. The polyphyletic nature of the genus occurred as a result of the vague criteria used to assign species into the clade. Multiple studies focused on phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses set out to clarify the taxonomy of the genus resulting in the restriction of the genus Bacillus to only include species closely related to Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus as well as transfer many species into new novel genera such as Virgibacillus, Solibacillus, Brevibacillus and Ectobacillus.

The name Lederbergia was named after the American microbiologist Professor Esther Miriam Zimmer Lederberg (1922–2006) to celebrate her pioneering contributions to the fields of bacterial genetics and microbiology.

Biochemical characteristics and molecular signatures 
Members of the genus Lederbergia could be aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria. They are all endospore-forming and generally motile cells. They are catalase-positive, oxidase-negative and urease-negative. Species can be found in milk, soil and digestive fauna. The optimal growth rate for members of this genus occurs in the range of .

Four conserved signature indels (CSIs) have been identified through genome sequence analysis as specific for the genus Lederbergia in proteins such as DEAD/DEAH box helicase, YidC family membrane integrase SpoIIIJ, peptide deformylase and NCS2 family permease. These CSIs provide a novel and reliable means to distinguish Lederbergia species from other Bacillaceae genera and bacteria in molecular terms.

Taxonomy 
, there are a total of 6 species with validly published names in the genus Lederbergia. In various phylogenetic trees constructed based on concatenated sequences from various protein datasets, as well as 16S rRNA, members of this genus formed a monophyletic branch, indicating their evolutionary relatedness. This branching pattern was also reflected in the Genome Taxonomy Database.

There is one non-validly published species, Bacillus niameyensis, that was also found to branch reliably with other members of the Lederbergia clade as well as share the unique molecular markers. However, transfer was not proposed for this species due to the lack of culture strain information, which demonstrates the importance of revisiting this genus later on for additional analyses when their genome sequence and culture strain information becomes available.

References 

Bacillaceae
Bacteria genera
Enicurus maculatus

El torrentero moteado o enicurino moteado (Enicurus maculatus) es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Muscicapidae nativa de Asia.

Distribución 
Habita a lo largo de los arroyos de los bosques húmedos montanos de Afganistán, Bangladés, Bután, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistán y Vietnam.

Descripción 
Mide unos 25 cm incluyendo la larga cola. La cola está profundamente bifurcada, coloreada con rayas horizontales blancas y negras.

Subespecies 
Se reconocen cuatro subespecies:
 Enicurus maculatus bacatus , los montes del sur de China al norte de Vietnam;
 Enicurus maculatus guttatus , los Himalayas del extremo este de Nepal al suroeste de China y Birmania;
 Enicurus maculatus maculatus , los Himalayas del norte de Afganistán a Cachemira, Nepal y el sur del Tíbet;
 Enicurus maculatus robinsoni , el sur de Vietnam.

Referencias

Enlaces externos 

 Enicurus maculatus en BirdLife International.

maculatus
Aves de Asia
Animales descritos en 1831
Taxones descritos por Nicholas Aylward Vigors
Donald Guthrie (homme politique)

Donald Guthrie (-) est un homme politique canadien de l'Ontario. Il est député fédéral de Wellington-Sud de 1876 à 1882 et député provincial libéral de la circonscription ontarienne de Wellington-Sud de 1886 à 1894.

Biographie 
Né à Édimbourg en Écosse, Guthrie immigre au Canada-Ouest en 1854 et termine son éducation à Toronto. Après avoir étudié le droit avec Oliver Mowat et Adam Johnston Fergusson Blair, il est appelé au Barreau de l'Ontario en 1866. Il pratique le droit à Guelph et est nommé ensuite solliciteur du comté de Wellington et de la ville de Guelph. Guthrie sert aussi comme président de la Guelph Gas Light Company.

Politique 
Élu député fédéral de Wellington-Sud lors de l'élection partielle déclenchée à la suite de la démission du député David Stirton pour devenir maître des postes de Guelph en 1876, il est réélu en 1878. Il ne se représente pas en 1882.

Élu député provincial de Wellington-Sud en 1886, il est réélu en 1890. Il ne se représente pas en 1894.

Après la politique 
Nommé inspecteur au bureau d'enregistrement de l'Ontario en 1895, Guthrie termine ses jours dans ce qui deviendra la Homewood Sanitarium de Guelph, premier établissement psychiatrique en Ontario.

Son fils, Hugh sert également comme député fédéral de Wellington-Sud de 1900 à 1935.

Résultats électoraux

Références 
Donald Guthrie, député - Bibliothèque du Parlement
Donald Guthrie - Assemblée législative de l'Ontario

Naissance en mai 1840
Naissance à Édimbourg
Député fédéral canadien provenant de l'Ontario
Député du Parti libéral du Canada
Député du Parti libéral de l'Ontario
Décès en octobre 1915
Décès à Guelph
Décès à 75 ans
Fred Pearly

Fred Pearly, nom de plume de Paul Léon Francois Pruvost, né à Argenteuil le  et mort à Boulogne-Billancourt le , est un auteur-compositeur et arrangeur musical français.

Biographie 

Il est l'auteur de près de neuf cents compositions qui comprennent environ quatre cents musiques, trois cents arrangements musicaux et une centaine de paroles de chansons. Il collabore ainsi avec de nombreux artistes tels que, parmi les plus célèbres, Vincent Scotto, Léo Lelièvre, Charles-Louis Pothier, Pierre Chagnon, Francis Salabert, Rip, Sacha Guitry et  Gaston Gabaroche.

Il est, par ailleurs, l'arrangeur de nombreuses musiques de films et de comédies musicales comme 42nd Street (1932), Dames (1934), Mademoiselle Général (1934). On retrouve certaines de ses chansons dans des films, comme Il m'a vu nue dans La Môme en 2007.

Il existe de nombreux enregistrements de ses chansons.

Notes et références

Liens externes 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Auteur-compositeur français
Arrangeur musical français
Naissance en février 1885
Naissance à Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)
Décès en février 1972
Décès à Boulogne-Billancourt
Décès à 87 ans
Nom de plume
Naissance en Seine-et-Oise
Сантюль II д’Астарак

Сантюль II (; ум. до 24 августа ) — граф Астарака после 1243 года. Сын графа Сантюля I, умершего в 1234 году.

Биография 
Сантюль унаследовал Астарак после смерти отца, Сантюля I, не позднее 1243 года. В силу малолетства до 1246 года он находился под опекой матери, Сегины де Ломань, дочери графа Жеро IV д’Арманьяк или Бернара V д’Арманьяк. Она вместе с сыном в 1244 году принёсла оммаж графу Тулузы Раймунду VII. 

Правление Сантюля II было недолгим. В 1249 году он начал боевые действия против Арно-Гильома де Лабарта, виконта де Катр-Вале, и в битве взял его в плен вместе с несколькими рыцарями и большим количеством лучников. Как сообщает аббат Монлезён, победа оказалась трудной, причём поле боя было усеяно трупами. 

Вероятно, что эта битва привела к скорой смерти Сантюля. Точно известно, что несколько дней спустя он находился в Симорре, где серьёзно заболел: вероятно, был ранен. Не надеясь на выздоровление, Сантюль постригся в монахи в монастыре Святого Бенедикта. Вскоре после этого он умер — не позднее 24 августа 1249 года. Вначале его похоронили в монастыре, но позже прах был перезахоронен в склепе, построенном для него около входа на хоры.

Сантюлю наследовал брат, Бернар IV.

Комментарии

Примечания

Литература 
 L’Art de vérifier les dates des faits historiques, des chartes, des …
 
 Mireille Mousnier. La Gascogne toulousaine (1100—1300): une dynamique spatiale et sociale 1997, Presses Univ. du Mirail, 402 p.

Ссылки 
 

Графы Астарака
Правители Европы XIII века
Cardamine angustata

Cardamine angustata (known by the common name slender toothwort) is a perennial forb native to the eastern United States, that produces white to pink or purple flowers in early spring.

Description

Cardamine angustata has basal leaves which can be as large as 24 centimeters, consisting of three leaflets borne on a 3 to 16 centimeter long petiole. The erect unbranched stem is 12 to 30 centimeters tall, and can be smooth or pubescent. There are two or three leaves on the stem, which are different in morphology from the basal leaves, they are also divided into three leaflets, but these are only 2 to 7 centimeters long and 3 to 6 millimeters wide. The flowers are borne in a raceme. The petals are 9 to 18 millimeters long and 2 to 5 millimeters wide. The fruit is linear, 2.5 to 4 centimeters long and 1.5 to 2.5 millimeters wide.

Taxonomy
Cardamine angustata was first described as Dentaria heterophylla by the English botanist Thomas Nuttall in 1818. The American botanist Alphonso Wood placed Dentaria heterophylla  in genus Cardamine in 1870. However, in 1903 the German botanist Otto Eugen Schulz declared the name Cardamine heterophylla  to be illegitimate since the binomial name Cardamine heterophylla had already been in use prior to 1870. To correct the error, Schulz proposed the specific epithet angustata in lieu of heterophylla. The resulting name Cardamine angustata  is widely used today.

Cardamine angustata is a member of the Cardamine concatenata alliance, a monophyletic group of eastern North American species that includes Cardamine angustata, Cardamine concatenata, Cardamine diphylla, Cardamine dissecta, Cardamine incisa, and Cardamine maxima. All members of the alliance were previously placed in genus Dentaria , which is now considered to be a synonym for Cardamine

Distribution and habitat
Cardamine angustata is widely distributed in the eastern United States, although local distribution may be spotty. It has been recorded in Alabama, Arkansas, Washington, D.C., Delaware, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. In Virginia, it grows in habitats such as well-drained floodplain forests and mesic to dry-mesic upland forests. The presence of this species is dependent on the appropriate habitat, and it may be eliminated from an area by development, changes in land use, or competition with invasive species.

Conservation
The global conservation status of Cardamine angustata is secure (G5).

References

Bibliography

External links
 

angustata
Flora of the United States
Plants described in 1818
Taxa named by Otto Eugen Schulz
Naglići

Naglići es una localidad de Croacia en el municipio de Brod Moravice, condado de Primorje-Gorski Kotar.

Geografía

Se encuentra a una altitud de 589  a 123 km de la capital nacional, Zagreb.

Demografía

Para la fecha del censo 2011 la localidad se encontraba deshabitada.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Este artículo contiene datos geográficos extraídos de Google Earth.

Localidades del condado de Primorje-Gorski Kotar
Despoblados de Croacia
Khwezi Gumede

Khwezi Gumede (born 19 June 1999) is a South African cricketer. He made his List A debut for KwaZulu-Natal in the 2018–19 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge on 24 March 2019. He made his first-class debut for KwaZulu-Natal in the 2018–19 CSA 3-Day Provincial Cup on 28 March 2019. In September 2019, he was named in Easterns' squad for the 2019–20 CSA Provincial T20 Cup. He made his Twenty20 debut for Easterns in the 2019–20 CSA Provincial T20 Cup on 13 September 2019. In April 2021, he was named in Easterns' squad, ahead of the 2021–22 cricket season in South Africa.

References

External links
 

1999 births
Living people
South African cricketers
KwaZulu-Natal cricketers
Place of birth missing (living people)
Reconquista de Hispanoamérica

Con las abdicaciones de Bayona a consecuencia de la invasión napoleónica a España, varias provincias españolas en América formaron juntas fernandistas de autogobierno.  Estas juntas buscaban no solo el reconocimiento de Fernando VII como el legítimo rey de España, sino la autonomía para las colonias e, incluso, la plena independencia frente a los gobiernos de la península ibérica impuestos tanto por Francia (napoleónica) como por España (liberal o absolutista). 

Las juntas de gobierno americanas fueron combatidas desde sus comienzos por el Consejo de la Regencia, en Cádiz, y también por el gobierno constitucional español, que mandaron expedicionarios peninsulares como núcleo del Ejército Realista en América para someter a los territorios americanos. Así mismo, tras la derrota de Napoleón lo hizo también el gobierno de la restauración absolutista de Fernando VII que declaró ilegales las juntas y envió la expedición más importante, dirigida por Pablo Morillo contra la Costa Firme en 1815.  

La actual Argentina fue el único territorio en permanecer libre ante la reconquista tras producirse la sublevación en Cádiz en enero de 1820  del ejército expedicionario de Ultramar que iba dirigido contra el Virreinato del Río de la Plata acaudillado por Rafael del Riego.

Véase también
 Juntas de Gobierno de América

Para un detalle más concreto, ver:
Reconquista de Chile
Reconquista de la Nueva Granada
Campaña de reconquista de Venezuela de Arizábalo (1827) 
Campaña de reconquista de México de Barradas (1829)

Guerras de independencia hispanoamericanas
Guerras en América
Reinado de Fernando VII
España en el siglo XIX
Colonización española de América
Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture

La Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture o EIEC, editada por J. P. Mallory y Douglas Q. Adams, fue publicada en 1997 por Fitzroy Dearborn. Mallory se encargó de los artículos arqueológicos, y Adams de los lingüísticos. Colaboraron como subeditores muchos de los principales indoeuropeístas de los 90. 

Se trata de un compendio extremadamente útil sobre todas las áreas de los estudios indoeuropeos, la mayoría de cuyos artículos proceden de publicaciones académicas.

Aunque no se trata de una obra polémica, sí responde en parte a las opiniones de Colin Renfrew sobre los orígenes del indoeuropeo. 

No tiene traducción conocida al español.

Bibliografía 
 

 El libro puede leerse en Google Books

Enciclopedias en inglés
Indoeuropeos
Theodore Reed (zoologist)

Theodore Harold Reed (July 25, 1922 -July 2, 2013) was an American veterinarian and zoologist.

Life
He was born at Walter Reed Army Hospital in Washington, D.C.

He graduated from Kansas State College (now Kansas State University) in veterinary medicine and zoology.
He served as the veterinarian at the Portland Zoo in Oregon.

He joined the National Zoological Park (United States) in 1955. 
He was named associate director in 1956, and director in 1958. 
In 1972, he helped bring the pandas Ling-Ling and Hsing-Hsing to the National Zoo.
In 1975, he helped create the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute.

He died in a nursing home in Milford, Delaware.

References

1922 births
2013 deaths
American zoologists
People from Washington, D.C.
Kansas State University alumni
Smithsonian Institution people
John Hecimovic

John Hećimović (born March 31, 1984) is a Canadian-born Croatian former professional ice hockey player. He most notably played in the Erste Bank Eishockey Liga with KHL Medveščak and Dornbirner EC. Hećimović's ancestors hail from Perušić in Lika.

Playing career
Hećimović was selected in the 9th round (264th overall) of the 2003 NHL Entry Draft by the Florida Panthers. John was drafted from Major Junior Sarnia Sting of the Ontario Hockey League. In his fifth season with the Sting (2004–05) he was traded to the Mississauga IceDogs to finish his junior career.

In his career Hećimović has played in the 2nd Austrian, German, and Swiss league. In the 2008–09 season he was the leading scorer of the Dutch Championship, helping HYS The Hague win the title. On June 3, 2009, Hećimović signed as a free agent with Croatian team, KHL Medveščak, joining the prestigious EBEL league.  In the 2009–10 season, his first with the Bears, John scored 20 goals in 49 regular season games. At the 2010 Šalata Winter Classic, Hećimović became the first and top scorer with two goals, within EBEL history to score at Šalata in the defeat against Villach 2-3. On April 20, 2010, he was re-signed to a two-year contract as Medveščak finished seventh in the league.

Hećimović moved onto a tryout at HDD Olimpija Ljubljana. In October 2011 he signed a one-month deal with Anyang Halla.

On December 8, 2011, Hećimović was signed by the Nippon Paper Cranes of the Asia League for the remainder of the 2011–12 season. After finishing the season with the Nippon Paper Cranes, Hećimović returned to the EBEL for one final season with Dornbirner EC.

In 2013, Hećimović played for the Croatian national team at the IIHF World Championship Division II.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

References

External links 

John Hecimovic's profile at KHL Medveščak
John Hecimovic's profile at Croatian hockeyportal

1984 births
Living people
HL Anyang players
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Canadian people of Croatian descent
Dornbirn Bulldogs players
Florida Panthers draft picks
KHL Medveščak Zagreb players
Nippon Paper Cranes players
Mississauga IceDogs players
Pensacola Ice Pilots players
Ice hockey people from Cambridge, Ontario
Sarnia Sting players
South Carolina Stingrays players
Straubing Tigers players
N. Gobalakrishnan

Gobalakrishnan Nagapan (born 23 March 1960), commonly referred to as N. Gobalakrishnan, is a Malaysian politician. He was the Member of the Parliament of Malaysia for the Padang Serai constituency in Kedah from 2008 to 2013. He was elected to the Parliament as a member of the People's Justice Party (PKR) in the opposition Pakatan Rakyat coalition, but in 2011 left the party to sit as an Independent. Gobalakrishnan on 8 May 2017 rejoined the Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC) after leaving it 18 years ago to join PKR.

Personal life
Gobalakrishnan was born in 1960 in Sitiawan. He is married to Vasanthi Ramalingam, a former athlete, and has three children.

Controversy
In September 2009, Gobalakrishnan was arrested for allegedly using criminal force to obstruct a police officer. He was found guilty and fined 3,000 ringgit. In December 2010, he spoke out against his party's leader, Anwar Ibrahim, suggesting that he make way for his daughter Nurul Izzah Anwar. He resigned from the party the following month to sit as an independent, announcing plans to form a non-governmental organisation. He recontested Padang Serai at the 2013 election as an Independent, having unsuccessfully sought the nomination of the Barisan Nasional coalition. Without a party ticket he garnered less than one percent of the vote and lost his deposit.

In April 2019, the Putrajaya Court of Appeal ruled Gobalakrishnan has to pay RM150,000 in damages for defaming and RM5,000 in costs to lawyer and former Malaysian Bar president Manjeet Singh Dhillon.

Election results

References

Living people
1960 births
People from Sitiawan
Malaysian politicians of Indian descent
Malaysian Indian Congress politicians
Former People's Justice Party (Malaysia) politicians
Independent politicians in Malaysia
Members of the Dewan Rakyat
21st-century Malaysian politicians
Supremacía papal

Se denomina Supremacía Papal a la doctrina de la Iglesia católica que establece que el papa, a causa de su cargo como Vicario de Cristo y Pastor de toda la Iglesia, posee por institución divina potestad suprema, plena, inmediata y universal para el cuidado de las almas, que puede ejercer siempre sin trabas.

Institución de la supremacía papal 

La doctrina católica de la supremacía papal se basa en la afirmación de los Romanos Pontífices de que la misma fue instituida por Cristo y que la sucesión papal se puede reconstruir hasta Pedro el Apóstol en el . La autoridad del cargo se deriva de la Confesión de Pedro documentada en el Evangelio según San Mateo cuando, en respuesta al reconocimiento por parte de Pedro de la divinidad de Jesús, este le dijo:

Los críticos sostienen que el concepto de supremacía papal se remonta al , que marcó el comienzo del ascenso de los Obispos de Roma a una posición ya no solo de autoridad religiosa, sino también de poder en cuanto a máximos gobernantes de los reinos de la Cristiandad, posición que han mantenido desde entonces. Los católicos se han defendido de este argumento indicando que durante los primeros tres siglos de la era cristiana la Iglesia de Roma intervino en otras comunidades para ayudarles a resolver conflictos. El papa Clemente I obró en este sentido en Corinto a finales del . A finales del , el papa Víctor I amenazó con excomulgar a los obispos del este que celebraran la Pascua el día 14 de Nisán, en vez del domingo siguiente. En el , el papa Cornelio convocó y presidió un sínodo de 60 obispos africanos y del este, y su rival, el antipapa Novaciano, sostuvo que había "asumido la primacía".

Véase también 
 Primacía de Pedro
 Primacía papal
 Infalibilidad pontificia
 Capitulación del cónclave
 Donación de Constantino

Referencias

Bibliografía 
 Whelton, Michael. Two Paths: Papal Monarchy – Collegial Tradition: Rome's Claims of Papal Supremacy in the Light of Orthodox Christian Teaching. ISBN 0-9649141-5-8.

Eclesiología católica
Santa Sede
Controversias relacionadas con el cristianismo
Términos cristianos
Municipio de Avon

Municipio de Avon puede referirse a alguno de los siguientes lugares en Estados Unidos:

 Municipio de Avon (Dakota del Norte), un municipio ubicado en el condado de Grand Forks.
 Municipio de Avon (condado de Coffey, Kansas), un municipio ubicado en el condado de Coffey.
 Municipio de Avon (condado de Sumner, Kansas), un municipio ubicado en el condado de Sumner.
 Municipio de Avon (condado de Lake, Illinois), un municipio ubicado en el condado de Lake.
 Municipio de Avon (condado de Stearns, Minnesota), un municipio ubicado en el condado de Stearns.
Sinfonía n.º 101 (Haydn)

La Sinfonía n.º 101 en re mayor, Hoboken 1/101 es la novena de las doce llamadas Sinfonías de Londres, compuestas por Joseph Haydn. Es popularmente conocida como El reloj por el ritmo de tic-tac del segundo movimiento.

Composición, estreno y recepción 
Haydn completó la sinfonía en 1793 o en 1794, y la compuso para su segunda visita a Londres (1794-1795).

La obra fue estrenada el 3 de marzo de 1794, en el Hanover Square Rooms, como parte de una serie de conciertos con obras de Haydn, organizados por su colega y amigo, Johann Peter Salomon, una semana después tuvo lugar una segunda actuación.

Como ocurrió en general con las Sinfonías de Londres, la respuesta del público fue muy entusiasta. El Morning Chronicle  informó:

La obra siempre ha sido popular y sigue apareciendo con frecuencia en programas de concierto y en grabaciones del repertorio internacional.

Estructura 
La obra está compuesta para dos flautas, dos oboes, dos clarinetes, dos fagotes, dos trompas, dos trompetas, timbales y sección de cuerdas. 

La obra tiene una forma estándar de cuatro movimientos:

 Adagio - Presto
 Andante
 Menuetto: Allegretto
 Vivace

Véase también 
 Anexo:Sinfonías de Joseph Haydn

Referencias

Bibliografía

Enlaces externos 

 

101
Composiciones de 1793
Composiciones de 1794
Composiciones en re mayor
Amaro (licor)

El amaro (‘amargo’ en italiano, plural amari) es un tipo de licor de hierbas italiano que suele tomarse tras las comidas como digestivo. Suele ser amargo y dulce, a veces almibarado, con un contenido en alcohol habitualmente entre el 16 y el 35%. El amaro suele producirse macerando hierbas, raíces, flores, cortezas y piel de cítricos en alcohol, ya sea en licores neutrales o vino, mezclando tras filtrar con almíbar y dejando envejecer la mezcla en tonel o botella.

Se producen comercialmente docenas de variedades, siendo las más difundidas las de Averna, Ramazzotti, Lucano y Montenegro. Un amaro típico está elaborado con varias (a veces varias docenas) de hierbas y raíces. Algunos fabricantes enumeran con cierto detalle los ingredientes en la etiqueta de la botella. Es típico que el amaro incluya: genciana, angélica y quina, así como melisa, verbena, enebro, anís, hinojo, cúrcuma, jengibre, menta, tomillo, salvia, laurel, piel de cítrico, regaliz, canela, poleo, cardamomo, azafrán, ruda, ajenjo, saúco y centáurea menor.

Muchos fabricantes remontan su receta o producción al . Las recetas surgieron a menudo en monasterios o farmacias.

Los amari suelen tomarse con hielo y un trozo de limón, o mezclados con tónica.

El amaro no debe confundirse con el amaretto, otro licor italiano que es dulce y está aromatizado con almendra o los piñones de frutas tales como el albaricoque, ni con el amarone, un vino rojo seco italiano de Valpolicella

Tipos 

 Medio: típicamente con un 32% de alcohol por volumen y con un sabor entre amargo, dulce y cítrico. Ejemplos de este tipo son el Lucano, Ramazzotti, Averna, Jägermeister, Luxardo Amaro Abano y Amaro Bio.
 Fernet: más marcadamente amargo que otros amari. Algunos ejemplo son: Fernet Branca, Fernet Stock, Luxardo Fernet,  Amaro Santa Maria Al Monte,  Fernet Nero53 y Fernet Nordest
 Light: de color más claro que los demás, normalmente con más matices cítricos. De este tipo son el Amaro Nonino, Amaro Florio, Amaro del Capo o Harry's.
 Alpine: elaborado con hierbas «alpinas», a veces con un sabor ahumado, típicamente con un contenido alcohólico del 17%. Por ejemplo: Amaro Alpino, Amaro Zara y Amaro Braulio.
 Vermouth: hechos a partir de vino, con un contenido en alcohol cercano al 18%, muy poco amargos. Estos amari recuerdan al vermú. De este tipo son el Amaro Don Bairo y el Amaro Diesus del Frate.
 Carciofo: hecho con alcachofa, normalmente con cerca de un 17% de alcohol. Estos amari suelen tomarse como aperitivo más que como digestivo. Un ejemplo es el Cynar.
 Tartufo: elaborados con trufa negra y embotellados con un 30% de alcohol. Los amari de este tipo se producen en la región centroitaliana de Umbría, famosa por sus trufas, así como en San Marino.
 China: hechos con corteza de quina. El más antiguo y popular es el China Martini, procedente de Turín. Puede tomarse caliente.
 Rabarbaro: hecho con ruibarbo. La marca más famosa y popular es Zucca, con sede en Milán. Puede tomarse caliente.

Enlaces externos 

 
 Amariamari.com
 Nytimes.com

Bebidas alcohólicas de Italia
Licores de hierbas