Agenda The situation concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo . The meeting was called to order at 10.45 a . m . Expression of thanks to the retiring President The President : As this is the first open meeting of the Security Council for the month of August , I should like to take the opportunity to pay tribute , on behalf of the Council , to His Excellency Sir Jeremy Greenstock , Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom to the United Nations , for his service as President of the Security Council for the month of July 2002 . I am sure I speak for all members of the Council in expressing deep appreciation to Ambassador Greenstock for the great diplomatic skill with which he conducted the Council's business last month . Adoption of the agenda The agenda was adopted . The situation concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo The President : I should like to inform the Council that I have received letters from the representatives of the Democratic Republic of the Congo , Rwanda and South Africa , in which they request to be invited to participate in the discussion of the item on the Council's agenda . In conformity with the usual practice , I propose , with the consent of the Council , to invite those representatives to participate in the discussion , without the right to vote , in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Charter and rule 37 of the Council's provisional rules of procedure . There being no objection , it is so decided . On behalf of the Council , I extend a warm welcome to Her Excellency Ms. Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma , Minister for Foreign Affairs of South Africa . At the invitation of the President , Ms. Dlamini Zuma ( South Africa ) took a seat at the Council table . The President : On behalf of the Council , I extend a warm welcome to His Excellency Mr. Léonard She Okitundu , Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of the Democratic Republic of the Congo . At the invitation of the President , Mr. She Okitundu ( Democratic Republic of the Congo ) took a seat at the Council table . The President : On behalf of the Council , I also extend a warm welcome to His Excellency Mr. Patrick Mazimpaka , Special Envoy of the President of Rwanda on the Great Lakes Region . At the invitation of the President , Mr. Mazimpaka ( Rwanda ) took a seat at the Council table . The President : The Security Council will now begin its consideration of the item on its agenda . The Council is meeting in accordance with the understanding reached in its prior consultations . I would like to extend a warm welcome to the Secretary-General , Mr. Kofi Annan , and to thank our special guests for having come so far at such short notice . They have shown great statesmanship by signing an Agreement that represents an important step towards ending a war that that has cost countless lives and produced immeasurable suffering . With the help of South African President Mbeki , the signatory heads of State have for the first time met to pledge to bring this difficult chapter in their history to a close . They should be applauded . The Agreement signed in Pretoria on 30 July provides a real opportunity for progress . Members of the Council want to understand fully the provisions of the Agreement and the intentions of the parties to ensure that all those who will play a role in making the Agreement work understand their responsibilities and obligations . Implementation will be a difficult and complicated task that will require unswerving commitment by the parties and by the international community . Having said that by way of introduction , I shall now give the floor to the Secretary-General . The Secretary-General : I shall be brief this morning . Let me say how happy I am to see the representatives of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda here this morning , as well as , of course , Minister Dlamini Zuma , representing South Africa , which co-facilitated this agreement . I believe that the signing of the peace agreement between the Governments of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda in Pretoria on 30 July represents an important political milestone which could help pave the way towards a lasting resolution of one of Africa's most complex conflicts . The parties have indicated their determination to honour this agreement and to end the conflict . We , on our side , should do whatever we can to assist them in implementing the agreement . I applaud President Mbeki for his important contribution to the agreement in his capacity as Chairman of the African Union . The two presidents have committed themselves to achieving peace and , specifically , to working with each other to achieve it . That is very encouraging . We must now quickly approach the parties in a pragmatic manner and urge them to take the steps required to operationalize the agreement as soon as possible . I believe that the international community must provide all necessary support to ensure the success of this initiative . The momentum established must be maintained and built upon . I hope this meeting of the Council can contribute to that . I have instructed the United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo ( MONUC ) to determine which actions it can take within its current mandate and resources to assist the parties to carry out the agreement . However , the parties need to be perfectly clear on the tasks to be performed and to provide the necessary information in order for MONUC to define its specific role . The Secretariat is also looking forward to receiving a team of experts from South Africa – in fact , I think they have arrived today – to discuss together the support that the process requires and how we move forward from here . I therefore expect to revert to the Council in due course with specific recommendations for MONUC after the Secretariat undertakes intensive consultations with the parties concerned . The presence with us today of the South African Foreign Minister , as well as of Mr. She Okitundu of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Mr. Mazimpaka of Rwanda is particularly valuable because it enables you to engage directly with the Council and enables the Council to engage you on issues that are directly concerned with the implementation of the agreement . Of course , I look forward to a very serious dialogue not only here in the Council but also with the various United Nations departments . I think that reflects the value of the new partnership between the African Union and the United Nations . I am now eager to listen to the Foreign Minister of South Africa and to the representatives of the parties so that we can gain a full and detailed understanding of this important agreement and this implementation as soon as possible . The President : I now give the floor to the Minister for Foreign Affairs of South Africa . Ms. Dlamini Zuma ( South Africa ) : Mr. President , allow me to congratulate you on your assumption of the presidency of the Security Council for the month of August . Let me also express our sincere gratitude for inviting us to address the Council on an important development in our continent . I would also like to pay tribute to the Secretary-General for his tireless efforts and contribution to bring about peace and stability throughout the African continent . The recent launch of the African Union has highlighted our commitment to peace and development in Africa . We believe that the United Nations can be an important partner as we rebuild our continent , especially using the principles enshrined in the New Partnership for Africa's Development ( NEPAD ) . Last week , the Presidents of the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Rwandese Republic took an important step by signing a peace agreement on the withdrawal of the Rwandan troops from the territory of the Democratic Republic of Congo and the dismantling of the former Rwandan Army ( ex-FAR ) and Interahamwe forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo . This peace agreement assumes greater significance in that it comes in the wake of the tremendous progress that was made by the Congolese people in the inter-Congolese dialogue , which was held in our country earlier this year . This agreement is very important , and it is at the centre of the peace process . It therefore gives a strong signal of political will on the sides of both Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to expedite a peace process between themselves . It is very important that we all support and encourage the implementation of this agreement . We can not be seen to be less than enthusiastic about it . To understand the agreement before us , we must go back to the Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement of 1999 . In that agreement , there was a question on how to deal with the foreign forces that had come into the Democratic Republic of the Congo . Everyone acknowledged that the foreign troops would have to withdraw in order to allow the people of the country to decide on their future without any external interference . The problem remained of the presence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo of the armed military groups such as Interahamwe and ex-FAR , which were implicated in the Rwandese genocide . In the years since the signing of the Lusaka Agreement , it has become even more clear that the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo could not be resolved until the matter of the armed groups was addressed . We are all aware that these armed groups operate freely within the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and not only continue to pose a real threat to the people of Rwanda but can destabilize the Democratic Republic of the Congo itself . We welcome the declared wish of the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo not to have those armed groups utilize its territory for launching attacks against its neighbours . We also welcome the commitment of the Government of Rwanda to withdraw its forces from the Democratic Republic of the Congo as soon as those military groups cease to be a threat to the people of Rwanda . At the launch of the African Union , a crucial meeting was held when President Joseph Kabila of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and President Paul Kagame of Rwanda met for the first time . The meeting was held in the presence of President Mbeki and Secretary-General Kofi Annan , who was accompanied by senior leadership of United Nations Secretariat and of the United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo ( MONUC ) . Follow-up meetings were later held with ministers from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda , together with MONUC . In this regard , we would like to pay tribute to MONUC for its role in supporting peace efforts in the Democratic Republic of the Congo . Despite its limited strength and the difficult conditions that prevail , MONUC has managed to carry out its duties . The Durban meeting laid the basis for the peace agreement . It was where both President Kagame and President Kabila asked President Mbeki and Secretary-General Annan to act jointly as a third party guaranteeing the agreement . From the outset we wish to make clear that the agreement signed between the two Governments is a reflection of their wishes and interests . Furthermore , it does not supplant the Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement of 1999 and subsequent agreements but , rather , complements all of them . The need for this Agreement stems from the recognition that progress in establishing lasting peace in the Democratic Republic of the Congo can not be registered without resolving the conflict between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda . There is no doubt that the developments of the last month have created a political momentum that must be seized and supported by all actors concerned , including the international community . That momentum , in turn , requires that every one of us do everything necessary to achieve the targets set out in the programme of implementation . This Agreement has given the rare gift of hope to the people of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and to all the countries of the Great Lakes region . We can not , therefore , be seen to have contributed to the slowing down of the peace process in the Democratic Republic of the Congo , Rwanda and , indeed , in the rest of the Great Lakes region . We therefore look forward to the discussions this morning as a step forward towards taking the peace process in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Great Lakes region to higher levels . The President : I give the floor to the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Democratic Republic of the Congo . Mr. She Okitundu ( Democratic Republic of the Congo ) ( spoke in French ) : Mr. President , we wish to associate ourselves with earlier speakers in offering you our warmest congratulations and in saying how gratified our delegation is to see you presiding over the Security Council in this month of August 2002 . We believe that your intellectual skills and your diplomatic talents , together with your lengthy experience of international relations , will ensure the success of the work of the Council this month . We wish also to convey to your predecessor , Sir Jeremy Greenstock of the United Kingdom , our warm congratulations and our sincere thanks for having guided the work of the Security Council with a great deal of energy and skill last month . We also wish thank you , Sir , for having convened this important meeting of the Security Council on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo , which certainly once again has the merit of helping us better to evaluate the peace process that is under way and to welcome the recent and very significant advances made to put an end to the war of aggression that has been waged against my country for more than four years now . We hope also that it will help to pave the way towards lasting peace for the Democratic Republic of the Congo and for all the countries of the region . The Security Council has just heard a comprehensive statement by Ms. Nkosazana Clarice Dlamini Zuma , the Minister for Foreign Affairs of South Africa . The Minister has clearly and eloquently described the Peace Agreement that was concluded at Pretoria on 30 July between our Government and that of the Republic of Rwanda , as well as the programme for implementation covering the withdrawal of Rwandese troops from the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the dismantling of the former Rwandan army ( ex-FAR ) and Interahamwe forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo . The Minister has described what is at stake in the Peace Agreement and the prospects for success . We fully share her vision , and – as our head of State , Major-General Joseph Kabila , President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo , stated at the signing ceremony of the Agreement – the obligations and commitments undertaken by the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo pursuant to this peace agreement will be scrupulously complied with . Here we wish to extend our very sincere thanks to President Thabo Mbeki , his Government and the people of South Africa for their determination , and I would even say their obstinacy , which took us from Sun City to Pretoria by way of Durban , to ensure that peace prevails once again in the Great Lakes region . We wish also to pay tribute to our regional organization , the African Union , which , through the Secretary-General of the Organization of African Unity ( OAU ) , Mr. Salim Ahmed Salim , was the first to highlight the useless and senseless nature of this war of aggression . The efforts of the interim Chairman of its Commission , Mr. Amara Essy , has always been , and remains , decisive in the quest to restore peace and calm to our region . May I lastly thank Mr. Kofi Annan , Secretary-General of our universal Organization , for his important statement . We are very grateful to him for having lent his moral weight by endorsing the Pretoria Agreement . We wish in this connection to express our full appreciation for all of his endeavours , and especially for his commitment to tirelessly exploring all possibilities likely to bring about a successful and prompt conclusion of the peace process that began at Lusaka . In order to settle the question of the war of aggression once and for all , since last year our Government has been in direct contact with the leaders of countries whose forces are illegally occupying our country , pursuant to the relevant resolutions of the Security Council , which call for the holding of such meetings in order to establish the necessary relations of trust in order to promote the cause of peace . For his part , the Secretary-General , Mr. Kofi Annan , has tirelessly committed himself to this process , particularly in terms of organizing meetings with the Rwandese party , the most recent of which , at which he was present , took place in Durban , in parallel with the OAU / African Union Summit . The Pretoria Agreement , which is basically bilateral and guaranteed by the third party , falls – as the South African Minister said just now – within the framework of the Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement . In this regard , the Pretoria Agreement is likely greatly to facilitate and speed up the completion of the remaining phases provided for in the timetable for the implementation of the Lusaka Agreement . The Pretoria Agreement is also in conformity with the provisions of the relevant resolutions of the Security Council calling for the orderly withdrawal of all foreign troops and in particular resolution 1341 ( 2001 ) , whereby the Council , for the first time , called for , among other things , the elaboration of a plan and a precise timetable which would lead to the finalization of the total and orderly withdrawal of foreign troops , as well as for disarmament , demobilization , reintegration and repatriation or resettlement ( DDRRR ) programmes . With respect to the DDRRR process , the Democratic Republic of the Congo undertakes strictly to comply with its obligations under this Agreement , inter alia , by pursuing the process of the demobilization and disarmament of Rwandese combatants which began at Kamina and by extending it to other areas of the country under foreign occupation as the authority of the State is established there . Moreover , we would like to express to the international community as a whole our trust in the fact that we will receive support from it in the simultaneous process of the withdrawal of troops and repatriation , reintegration and resettlement of combatants in their countries of origin , in conformity with international law . With respect to the withdrawal of foreign troops , it should be noted that the majority of the parties to the conflict had already submitted their plans to the Joint Military Commission and have commenced their withdrawal . Among the countries that came to the assistance of the Democratic Republic of the Congo in defending its national sovereignty and its territorial integrity – countries that we wish once again to thank on behalf of the Republic for the sacrifice of their sons and daughters to the noble cause of truth , justice and dignity – Namibia has totally withdrawn , and Angola and Zimbabwe have repatriated a large number of their contingents . As to the uninvited forces , withdrawal movements have been observed only on the part of Uganda and Burundi . Rwanda , for its part , has considerably increased its forces and remains the only country to be engaged in large-scale military operations on Congolese soil . There will be tremendous rejoicing when the Congolese people , the third party and the international community are officially informed , in a few hours , of the withdrawal plan for Rwandese troops from the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo , pursuant to the programme of implementation of the Pretoria Agreement . Another promising sign will be the beginning of the demilitarization of the city of Kisangani , pursuant to resolution 1304 ( 2000 ) . This city , as we have stated before , must no longer be the symbol of the martyrdom of a whole nation . It must , rather , become the political and physical symbol of renewal and return to dignity for the whole of the Congolese people , the emblem of the hope for a better life for present and future generations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo . At the same time , all illegal activities to exploit the natural resources and other forms of wealth of the Democratic Republic of the Congo , which feed the continued war of aggression , must end . Our Government , which is fully cooperating with the group of experts set up for that purpose , will ensure that this is done . The Agreement is certainly the most serious opportunity for peace since the beginning of the war of aggression on 2 August 1998 . It provides a response – which we hope is adequate – to Rwanda's security concerns , although it is the Democratic Republic of the Congo that has been experiencing total insecurity for four years . The Agreement also envisages the restoration of the national sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Democratic Republic of the Congo , which was gravely imperilled by the Rwandan presence . Finally , the Agreement embodies the ingredients for a return to normality for the countries and the peoples of the Great Lakes region . We must succeed , but we must be helped to succeed . The international community , which welcomed the Pretoria Agreement , must invest in it tangibly and unstintingly , on either the bilateral or the multilateral level , to assist the two signatory parties and the third parties in their determination to end a conflict that has caused the deaths of more than 3 million people in four years . For its part , the United Nations can help immediately , especially by formulating for its Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo a new concept of operations that would effectively activate phase III of its deployment and would both support the verification mechanism and enable it to participate in the execution structure that the third party will put in place , within the framework of the Pretoria Agreement . Action is needed now . The situation – which continues to be fragile , as demonstrated by recent events in Kisangani and by the deadly skirmishes between the Rwandese Patriotic Army and Congolese combatants of Tutsi origin in the high plateaux of Kivu – may worsen . That would augur ill for the credibility of the United Nations as a whole . We must avoid that at all costs . The improvement in the prospects for peace in the Great Lakes region enables us to look with more serenity to the process of reconciliation and national concord in our country . The political agreement for consensual management of the transition in the Democratic Republic of the Congo , concluded at Sun City , has made possible the reunification of more than 70 per cent of the national territory . Talks are now under way , on the one hand , with the signatory parties to the Sun City agreement and , on the other , with the other armed component , its dissidents and the components of society and the unarmed opposition , in order to define the contours of an agreement that would be more consensual and inclusive . The essential here is that we must procrastinate no longer , but rather must decide to make headway on this issue . In that regard , we are convinced that the efforts of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General , Mr. Moustapha Niasse , will meet with success . Those working to advance the transition will certainly be political leaders of all stripes , but also leaders representing religious faiths , the academic world , the media , private and public enterprise and civil society . Leaders dedicated to the moral values of governance , their greatest virtues remain disinterest and love of country . As Mrs. Mary Robinson , United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights , noted in her report to the Council , impunity remains one of the principal causes of human rights violations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo . Putting an end to such impunity is a fundamental requirement for the return to a durable peace in the region . The choice of transition leaders should take that requirement into account . Such an approach is in conformity with the recommendations in the High Commissioner's report , namely , strengthening the rule of law and the administration of justice , and the creation of mechanisms whereby all those responsible for human rights violations and for war crimes must answer for their acts . The creation of a truth and reconciliation commission on the South African model could provide an element of response . We must do justice for the millions of Congolese dead , formulating concrete measures with a view to putting an end to impunity , compensating victims and preventing the resurgence of such acts . The process of restoring peace and establishing and consolidating relations of trust must continue and be strengthened by increased credibility for the United Nations and the Security Council , for there is a risk of seeing crumble the whole edifice of the partnership that the Council has patiently built with the parties bound by the Lusaka Agreement . The United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo ( MONUC ) needs to review its operations , particularly with regard to the protection of civilians under imminent threat of physical violence , as the Council reaffirmed in resolution 1417 ( 2002 ) . The Council must redefine the concept of MONUC's operations in order to enable it to properly carry out the mission conferred on it by the Pretoria Agreement . MONUC must be given the means to enable it to operate and have unhindered access to needy populations . For example , it is indispensable that the MONUC team be authorized without further delay to have access to the locality of Minembwe in the high plateaux . It is also imperative that the reopening of the river network for humanitarian assistance and commercial trade between Kinshasa and Kisangani become a reality and that the city of Kisangani be accessible once river traffic is opened to trade in the reunified zones , pursuant to the Sun City agreement . Here , I should like to pay tribute to our friends in MONUC , under the leadership of Mr. Amos Namanga Ngongi , Special Representative of the Secretary-General , for the quality of the work that they have done and for their total devotion to the cause of peace and the restoration of dignity to the Democratic Republic of the Congo . Their efforts deserve to be encouraged and supported . For their part , the States of the region must supplement their efforts . First , it is urgent that the Democratic Republic of the Congo conclude with the Governments of Uganda and Burundi agreements similar to the Pretoria Agreement . The Government of Burundi has , in a timely manner , informed us of its intention to do this . Contacts have already been made at the highest level . We must translate into concrete action the good will expressed on both sides . Then we must sit down together and discuss our region's future . The international conference for peace , stability , security and development that we earnestly wish for should lay the basis for a new order . The international conference could help the region's countries ensure the security of their States and of their populations so that no element can intervene to disrupt order and tranquillity , while at the same time conceiving , defining and fostering the creation and development of economic activities of common interest and , lastly , promoting and intensifying trade and the movement of persons and goods . A new order at the regional level presupposes a new order at the national level . Processes of democratic transition are under way in our country and in Burundi . We remain certain that they will succeed . Furthermore , we welcome the willingness expressed by the Rwandese authorities to hold elections in their country in the medium term . We ask the international community to assist that country's efforts so that it can restore internal peace and national concord . In saying that , the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo wishes to assure all its partners – in particular our brothers in neighbouring countries – f our fervent desire to live in perfect harmony with the whole world , in a spirit of tolerance , solidarity and frank cooperation . The Pretoria Agreement is the very foundation for restoring the trust that has been lost , on the basis of which we can together renew the bonds of friendship and good-neighbourliness that should govern our future relations . The Democratic Republic of the Congo will never serve as a channel to sow discord and desolation in any country , in particular our neighbours . That is a sacred principle of our diplomacy , which we have always wished to be constructive and not subversive . The Democratic Republic of the Congo looks forward to the advent of a region where peace , security , justice and prosperity prevail . The President : I now give the floor to the Special Envoy of the President of Rwanda on the Great Lakes Region . Mr. Mazimpaka ( Rwanda ) : It is my honour to congratulate you , Sir , as others who have spoken before me have done , on your assumption of the presidency of the Security Council for the month of August . In addition , allow me , through you , to extend our recognition to your predecessor , the Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom , for the way in which he conducted the affairs of the Council last month . We have come to the Council today , at its invitation , to present what we believe is an unprecedented step towards the resolution of the conflict that has afflicted Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo , in the main , and the Great Lakes Region as a whole , since the signing of the Lusaka Agreement for a ceasefire in the Democratic Republic of the Congo , in 1999 . The Pretoria Agreement provides solutions for what up to now have been intractable problems in the implementation of the Lusaka Agreement . The problem of the forces that carried out genocide and then relocated to bases in Zaire , later the Democratic Republic of the Congo , has preoccupied the Council and the signatories for a long time , without their having found a clear solution . Throughout , the Council continued to urge Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to work together to resolve the root causes of the conflict , that is , to find how to dissuade the former Rwandan Army ( ex-FAR ) and Interahamwe forces from carrying out attacks on Rwanda from bases in the Democratic Republic of the Congo . Today we firmly believe that our plan , worked out with the help of the President of the Republic of South Africa and with the encouragement and support of the Secretary-General , has a chance to succeed . We appeal to the Council to do its utmost to assist us along this path . At the signing ceremony in Pretoria , South Africa , of what is now known as the Pretoria Agreement or the Peace Agreement between the Governments of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda , President Paul Kagame characterized the Agreement as very important . He said that because the Agreement addresses two core issues that underlie the conflict : first , how to resolve the problem of the ex-FAR and Interahamwe and , secondly , the withdrawal of all former forces from the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo . By addressing those two issues , the Agreement paves the way for peace and stability , which have eluded our respective countries for a long time . Those familiar with the Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement , including the Council , know that we have been painfully aware of the poor record of our performance in the area of the disarmament , demobilization and repatriation of the armed groups . As crucial as that part of the Lusaka Agreement may be , the parties have so far failed to make any headway in effecting any meaningful disarmament and , hence , in reducing the security threat to affected countries , principally Rwanda . What the Pretoria Agreement brings to the process is a solemn commitment by the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo to track , assemble and disarm ex-FAR and Interahamwe , in collaboration with the United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo ( MONUC ) , the Joint Military Commission ( JMC ) and the third party . Rwanda , in turn , undertook to withdraw its troops from the Democratic Republic of the Congo as soon as this process gets under way and is judged to be irreversible . Let me recall here that Rwanda's commitment to the repatriation and reintegration of combatants has withstood the test of time , numbers and adverse conditions . Since 1994 , a large number of members of the former Armed Forces of Rwanda have rejoined the military service in our country or been demobilized like any members of the national forces . The militias who accompanied these forces in the wars in the Congo have also come home in large numbers and have been resettled into normal civilian life . The now-well-documented 2,000 captives of the 2001 war in the north-west of Rwanda have by now been settled , and some of them have actually formed a group to carry out sensitization work among those who are still in Congo , using the themes of national unity and reconciliation , which they have witnessed in the country . Recently , this group accompanied MONUC to Benin to help in confidence-building among the small group of combatants who had indicated that they wanted to go home . Unfortunately , for that particular operation , the heavy presence of detractors of this process made it impossible for the group to go home , although they had been waiting for two months to be repatriated . We hope that in the future such groups will not be exposed to so-called political leaders and other agents who interfere with their wish to return home . Through the work of MONUC and the JMC we are all aware , or will have an idea , about where the ex-Far and Interahamwe are operating from in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and how they are organized . Indeed , it is on that basis that assembly areas were planned . Those plans were approved by the signatories to the Lusaka Agreement . We need MONUC's assistance to make the assembly areas operational and secure . The repatriation exercise will require more resources , particularly for transport and resettlement . The Government of Rwanda will continue to do its part in ensuring that this process is successful . Rwanda is grateful for all the assistance the United Nations has provided in our trying times . We hope that the Council will see the resolution of the conflict in the region as a shared challenge . Rwanda is grateful to President Thabo Mbeki and the rest of the leadership of the Republic of South Africa for their commitment to peace in our region . Equally , we warmly welcome the commitment of President Mbeki as Chairman of the African Union ( AU ) , as well as that of the Secretaries-General of the AU and of the United Nations , to see the Agreement implemented as signed . We appeal for continued support for all the parties involved in the conflict , as this effort alone can not resolve all the outstanding problems – such as the need to work out an all-inclusive agreement and to achieve the withdrawal of all other foreign forces . On this occasion , Rwanda fully recognizes the problems caused by the presence and activities of our nationals in the Democratic Republic of the Congo . That is why we salute and welcome the decision of the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo to negotiate this Agreement , as well as the leadership demonstrated by President Joseph Kabila in signing the Pretoria Agreement . In this spirit , we believe that all the other outstanding issues should find solutions through a sincere and pragmatic exchange among the countries of our region . Allow me to conclude my remarks by reiterating the commitment President Paul Kagame made on behalf of the people of Rwanda on the occasion of the signing of the Peace Agreement in Pretoria at the end of last month . " Rwanda is ready to fulfil its part of the obligations as agreed in this Memorandum of Understanding . We are going to sign . We stand ready to work with you , our African brothers and sisters , and to work with the rest of the international community so as to bring about peace and security , which are very important to the people to Rwanda , the people of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the whole people of Africa . " The President : There are no further speakers inscribed on my list for this portion of the meeting this morning . The Security Council will continue the consideration of this item on its agenda following the adjournment of the open meeting , whereupon we will enter into a private meeting . But before adjourning this portion of the meeting , I would like to thank the Secretary-General for his presence in having joined us this morning . The meeting rose at 11.35 a . m . This record contains the text of speeches delivered in English and of the interpretation of speeches delivered in the other languages . The final text will be printed in the Official Records of the Security Council . Corrections should be submitted to the original languages only . They should be incorporated in a copy of the record and sent under the signature of a member of the delegation concerned to the Chief of the Verbatim Reporting Service , room C-178 .


Role of Lead Consultants for Flexible Training A named Lead Consultant has been identified from most of the Specialty Training Committees . The Consultant is important in speaking to training issues concerning flexible trainees in that speciality and in acting as a liaison between the Speciality Training Committee and the Flexible Training Office . Roles and responsibilities include : 1 . informed opinion on the Speciality Training Committee on matters concerning flexible training in that speciality and the flexible trainees currently in training ; 2 . receiving on behalf of the speciality , current information about the flexible training scheme and flexible opportunities ; 3 . ensuring through the Speciality Training committee and with the Programme Directors that there are available part-time training programmes which fulfil the Colleges' curricular requirements and which are appropriate for intending flexible trainees . 4 . advising individual trainees : - ( a ) about flexible training opportunities in their speciality and practical considerations associated with this ; ( b ) when appropriate , approve eligibility for flexible training , help implement flexible training at SpR grade , keeping Flexible Training Office informed , and co-ordinating arrangements with Specialty training Committee Chairman and Programme Directors . ( c ) from an overview of the flexible trainees and training opportunities to advise the Flexible Training Office about job--share opportunities and to help implement these where possible ; 5 . facilitating return to full-time training if requested by trainee .


Johnson Controls , Inc planned to become a LEED Platinum Certified complex so they employed TAB to move and repurpose their file storage equipment - leaving only a single garbage can of waste at the end of the project ! Read Case Study Download our case study for the details on how we executed a fully managed document conversion for this organization , streamlining the scanning process along the way to leave the company in an excellent position to deal with future growth . Read Case Study If you could use your records storage space to help generate revenue instead of storing files , would you ? Banner Life Insurance Company said yes . Find out how TAB helped them purge their files and create storage space ! Read Case Study DaVita Inc. , the leading private provider of kidney care services in the United States , was looking to centralize their HR records . Since they already had a great relationship with TAB , implementing a solution with TAB FusionRMS was the perfect choice to centralizing records while giving employees access to these documents quickly and securely . Read Case Study A Land Registry Office storage and manages official documents such as maps , site plans and highway schematics . When the decision to move offices was made , one LRO saw an opportunity to improve the efficiency of their large document storage facility to better serve the public . Read Case Study When Manitoba Finance switched their clients to a single business number to improve service , they needed to merge their legacy filing systems into one , and convert all existing files to match the new system . Read Case Study If you could free-up all of the resources your organization currently uses to label files , would you ? When TAB put this question to the management at a major financial institution , the answer was a resounding " yes " . Find out what we did for them to help them save upwards of $ 250 , 000 a year ! Read Case Study The Land Records file room for a leading energy company wanted a more efficient way to incorporate the high volume of new files generated from their constant acquisition of assets . We did it for them ! Read Case Study Get the details on how TAB helped Imperial Oil successfully move their records collection during their massive corporate headquarters relocation . Not one file was lost and there was ZERO downtime ! Read Case Study What are the 3 things you need when imaging your critical records ? Accessibility , security and integrity . For the Division of University Advancement at the University of Toronto , these were top of mind when they began the search for a digitization vendor . Read more on how TAB helped the University of Toronto image a major collection . Read Case Study


Mediolanum ( Whitchurch ) This is the British Mediolanum of the Antonine Itinerary . Ptolemy places a separate Mediolanum , sometimes identified with Meifod , in central Wales . The town was located on a major Roman routeway between Deva Victrix ( Chester ) and Viroconium Cornoviorum ( Wroxeter ) . The Romans first built a fort which has been tentatively suggested as forming part of the border defences established by Ostorius Scapula around AD 52 . By about AD 100 , however , the army had probably moved on and the surrounding civilian ' vicus ' would have taken over the site . In the mid-2nd century , the area was at least partly covered by timber-framed industrial buildings . The town reached the height of its prosperity by the early 3rd century and there was much rebuilding in stone . This continued for the next hundred years . Masonry houses with associated wooden outhouses were most common during this period . [ 1 ] Roman artefacts from the site are on display in the Whitchurch Heritage Centre . [ 2 ]


John looked all about him , drinking the clear air like wine ; then his eyes returned to the cabman's face as he sat , not ungleefully , awaiting John's communication , with the air of one looking to be tipped . The features of that face were hard to read , drink had so swollen them , drink had so painted them , in tints that varied from brick-red to mulberry . The small grey eyes blinked , the lips moved , with greed ; greed was the ruling passion ; and though there was some good nature , some genuine kindliness , a true human touch , in the old toper , his greed was now so set afire by hope , that all other traits of character lay dormant . He sat there a monument of gluttonous desire . John's heart slowly fell . He had opened his lips , but he stood there and uttered nought . He sounded the well of his courage , and it was dry . He groped in his treasury of words , and it was vacant . A devil of dumbness had him by the throat ; the devil of terror babbled in his ears ; and suddenly , without a word uttered , with no conscious purpose formed in his will , John whipped about , tumbled over the roadside wall , and began running for his life across the fallows . He had not gone far , he was not past the midst of the first afield , when his whole brain thundered within him , ' Fool ! You have your watch ! ' The shock stopped him , and he faced once more toward the cab . The driver was leaning over the wall , brandishing his whip , his face empurpled , roaring like a bull . And John saw ( or thought ) that he had lost the chance . No watch would pacify the man's resentment now ; he would cry for vengeance also . John would be had under the eye of the police ; his tale would be unfolded , his secret plumbed , his destiny would close on him at last , and for ever . He uttered a deep sigh ; and just as the cabman , taking heart of grace , was beginning at last to scale the wall , his defaulting customer fell again to running , and disappeared into the further fields . CHAPTER VIII - SINGULAR INSTANCE OF THE UTILITY OF PASS-KEYS WHERE he ran at first , John never very clearly knew ; nor yet how long a time elapsed ere he found himself in the by-road near the lodge of Ravelston , propped against the wall , his lungs heaving like bellows , his legs leaden-heavy , his mind possessed by one sole desire - to lie down and be unseen . He remembered the thick coverts round the quarry-hole pond , an untrodden corner of the world where he might surely find concealment till the night should fall . Thither he passed down the lane ; and when he came there , behold ! he had forgotten the frost , and the pond was alive with young people skating , and the pond-side coverts were thick with lookers - on . He looked on a while himself . There was one tall , graceful maiden , skating hand in hand with a youth , on whom she bestowed her bright eyes perhaps too patently ; and it was strange with what anger John beheld her . He could have broken forth in curses ; he could have stood there , like a mortified tramp , and shaken his fist and vented his gall upon her by the hour - or so he thought ; and the next moment his heart bled for the girl . ' Poor creature , it 's little she knows ! ' he sighed . ' Let her enjoy herself while she can ! ' But was it possible , when Flora used to smile at him on the Braid ponds , she could have looked so fulsome to a sick - hearted bystander ? The thought of one quarry , in his frozen wits , suggested another ; and he plodded off toward Craigleith . A wind had sprung up out of the north-west ; it was cruel keen , it dried him like a fire , and racked his finger-joints . It brought clouds , too ; pale , swift , hurrying clouds , that blotted heaven and shed gloom upon the earth . He scrambled up among the hazelled rubbish heaps that surround the caldron of the quarry , and lay flat upon the stones . The wind searched close along the earth , the stones were cutting and icy , the bare hazels wailed about him ; and soon the air of the afternoon began to be vocal with those strange and dismal harpings that herald snow . Pain and misery turned in John's limbs to a harrowing impatience and blind desire of change ; now he would roll in his harsh lair , and when the flints abraded him , was almost pleased ; now he would crawl to the edge of the huge pit and look dizzily down .


Before connecting the Speedtouch modem to your PC : Insert the SpeedTouch Setup CD-ROM in your PC's CD-ROM drive . The SpeedTouch setup should run automatically . If the SpeedTouch CD Browser window does not appear automatically , run D : \ menu . exe from Start / Run ... , where D is the drive letter of your CD-ROM drive . The Choose Language window prompts you to select a language : Select the language of your choice and click OK . The SpeedTouch CD Browser menu appears : Click SpeedTouch USB / 330 Software . Click Install PPP USB Software The following window asks you to select your local setting . Select the appropriate setting as specified by your Service Provider . The Welcome to SpeedTouch Setup window appears : Click Next to proceed . The Software License Agreement window appears : You must accept before continuing . Click Yes to accept . Follow the instructions onscreen and click Next to install the driver At the end of the procedure the following window appears : Click Finish to complete the installation . You can now connect the ADSL modem to your computer's USB port Windows should now detect and install the ADSL modem . Setting up your ADSL account Double-click the SpeedTouch Dial-up icon on your desktop In the Speedtouch Dial-up window , enter the user name and password for your account which you have been provided with . Click Connect ( or Dial ) . As soon as the connection is established , the connection message box and dial-up window are minimized into a DUN icon in the system tray You can open your web browser and surf the Internet .


1995 No. 2704 ( N.I. 14 ) The Health and Personal Social Services ( Amendment ) ( Northern Ireland ) Order 1995 F002 Made 18th October 1995 Title and commencement 1 . -- ( 1 ) This Order may be cited as the Health and Personal Social Services ( Amendment ) ( Northern Ireland ) Order 1995 and shall come into operation on such day or days as the Head of the Department may by order appoint F001 . ( 2 ) An order under paragraph ( 1 ) may make such transitional provisions and savings as appear to the Head of the Department to be necessary or expedient in connection with the coming into operation of this Order . Interpretation 2 . -- ( 1 ) The Interpretation Act ( Northern Ireland ) 1954 shall apply to Article 1 and the following provisions of this Order as it applies to a Measure of the Northern Ireland Assembly . ( 2 ) In this Order " the 1972 Order " means the Health and Personal Social Services ( Northern Ireland ) Order 1972 . ( 3 ) Article 2 ( 2 ) of the 1972 Order ( interpretation ) shall apply for the purposes of this Order as it applies for the purposes of that Order . Disqualified practitioners : engagement in provision of services by others 3 . For paragraph 3 of Schedule 11 to the 1972 Order ( functions of Tribunal on finding that the inclusion of a person's name in a list prepared under Part VI of that Order would be prejudicial to the efficiency of the services to which the list relates ) there shall be substituted -- " 3 . The Tribunal , on receiving representations from a Health and Social Services Board shall , and in any other case may , inquire into the case and , if it is of opinion that the continued inclusion of the said person in any list to which the representations relate would be prejudicial to the efficiency of the said services -- ( a ) shall direct that his name be removed from that list ; and ( b ) may also , if it thinks fit , direct that his name be removed from , or not be included in , any corresponding list kept by other Health and Social Services Board ; and ( c ) where it makes a direction under sub-paragraph ( b ) , may also , if it thinks fit , declare that he is not fit to be engaged in any capacity in the provision of those services " . Interim suspension of practitioners 4 . After paragraph 8 of Schedule 11 to the 1972 Order there shall be inserted -- " 8A . -- ( 1 ) A Health and Social Services Board which has made representations under paragraph 1 may , at any time before the case is disposed of by the Tribunal , apply to the Tribunal for a direction to be made under sub-paragraph ( 2 ) in relation to the person to whom the case relates . ( 2 ) If , on an application under this paragraph , the Tribunal is satisfied that it is necessary to do so in order to protect patients , it shall direct that sub-paragraph ( 3 ) shall apply to the person concerned as respects services of the kind to which the case in question relates . ( 3 ) A person to whom this sub-paragraph applies shall -- ( a ) be deemed to have been removed from any relevant list in which his name is included , ( b ) be disqualified for inclusion in any relevant list in which his name is not included , and ( c ) be deemed to be a person in relation to whom there is in force a declaration under paragraph 3 ( c ) concerning his fitness to be engaged in the provision of services of the relevant kind . ( 4 ) A direction under sub-paragraph ( 2 ) shall cease to have effect on the Tribunal 's disposing of the case in connection with which it is made . ( 5 ) In sub-paragraph ( 2 ) , the reference to patients is to persons to whom services of the kind to which the case in question relates are , or may be , provided under Part VI of this Order . ( 6 ) In the application of sub-paragraph ( 3 ) to any person -- ( a ) " relevant list " means a list prepared under Part VI of this Order of persons undertaking to provide services of the kind to which the direction applying the sub-paragraph to him relates , and ( b ) " services of the relevant kind " means services of the kind to which that direction relates . 8B . -- ( 1 ) Where -- ( a ) on disposing of a case under paragraph 3 , the Tribunal makes a direction under sub-paragraph ( b ) of that paragraph , and ( b ) the person to whom the direction relates is a person to whom paragraph 8A ( 3 ) would , apart from this paragraph , cease to apply on the disposal of the case , the Tribunal may , if it considers it necessary to do so in order to protect patients , direct that that provision shall continue to apply to him as respects services of the kind to which the direction under paragraph 3 ( b ) relates . ( 2 ) A direction under sub-paragraph ( 1 ) shall cease to have effect -- ( a ) where no appeal against the direction under paragraph 3 ( b ) is brought , at the end of the period for bringing an appeal , and ( b ) where an appeal against that direction is brought , when the appeal process has been exhausted . ( 3 ) Where the power conferred by sub-paragraph ( 1 ) is exercisable by virtue of a direction which is not coupled with a declaration under paragraph 3 ( c ) , paragraph 8A ( 3 ) shall have effect , in relation to the exercise of that power , with the omission of head ( c ) . ( 4 ) In sub-paragraph ( 1 ) , the reference to patients is to persons to whom services of the kind to which the direction under paragraph 3 ( b ) relates are , or may be , provided under Part VI of this Order . 8C . -- ( 1 ) Before making a direction under paragraph 8A ( 2 ) or 8B ( 1 ) in relation to any person , the Tribunal shall give him an opportunity -- ( a ) to appear before the Tribunal , either in person or by counsel or solicitor or such other representative as may be prescribed , and ( b ) to be heard and to call witnesses and produce other evidence . ( 2 ) Regulations may -- ( a ) make provision for , or for the determination of , procedure in relation to determining applications under paragraph 8A or the exercise of the power conferred by paragraph 8B ( 1 ) , and ( b ) provide for the functions of the Tribunal under paragraph 8A or 8B to be carried out , or to be carried out in prescribed circumstances , by the chairman or a deputy chairman of the Tribunal . 8D . -- ( 1 ) This paragraph applies where , under any provisions in force in England and Wales or Scotland corresponding to paragraph 8A or 8B , a person ( " the practitioner " ) is disqualified for inclusion in all lists prepared under the provisions in force there corresponding to the provisions of Part VI of this Order of persons undertaking to provide services of one or more of the kinds specified in paragraph 1 ( 1 ) , other than those in which his name is included . ( 2 ) The practitioner shall , while he is so disqualified -- ( a ) be disqualified for inclusion in any list prepared under Part VI of this Order of persons undertaking to provide services of the same kinds ( " relevant list " ) in which his name is not included , and ( b ) be deemed to have been removed from any relevant list in which his name is included . 8E . -- ( 1 ) Regulations may provide for the making to persons to whom paragraph 8A ( 3 ) or 8D ( 2 ) applies of payments in consequence of the application of that provision . ( 2 ) Regulations under sub-paragraph ( 1 ) may provide for the determination by the Department in a prescribed manner of anything for which provision may be made by regulations under that sub-paragraph . " . Procedure relating to disqualification 5 . In paragraph 8 of Schedule 11 to the 1972 Order , for sub-paragraphs ( a ) and ( b ) ( regulations to provide for the procedure for the holding of inquires and the powers of the Tribunal ) there shall be substituted -- " ( a ) for inquiries under paragraphs 3 , 6 and 9 to be held in accordance with such procedure as may be prescribed by or determined under the regulations and , in particular -- ( i ) for any person who is the subject of any such inquiry to have an opportunity of appearing , either in person or by counsel or solicitor or such other representative as may be prescribed , before , and of being heard by , the Tribunal , and of calling witnesses and producing other evidence on his behalf ; and ( ii ) for the hearing by the Tribunal to be in public if the person who is the subject of the inquiry so requests ; ( b ) for conferring on the Tribunal such powers as appear to the Department to be necessary for the purpose of holding inquiries under this Schedule , including power to require the attendance of witnesses and the production of documents , and to administer oaths ; and " . Constitution of the Tribunal 6 . In Part II of Schedule 11 to the 1972 Order ( which makes provision for the constitution of the Tribunal ) for paragraphs 11 to 15 there shall be substituted -- " 11 . The Tribunal shall consist of -- ( a ) a chairman appointed by the Lord Chief Justice , ( b ) such number of deputy chairmen as the Lord Chief Justice may appoint , ( c ) such number of persons as the Department may appoint for the purposes of this sub-paragraph , ( d ) such number of medical practitioners as the Department may appoint for the purposes of this sub-paragraph , ( e ) such number of medical practitioners having the qualifications prescribed under Article 62 as the Department may appoint for the purposes of this sub-paragraph , ( f ) such number of dental practitioners as the Department may appoint for the purposes of this sub-paragraph , ( g ) such number of ophthalmic opticians as the Department may appoint for the purposes of this sub-paragraph , and ( h ) such number of pharmacists as the Department may appoint for the purposes of this sub-paragraph . 12 . A person appointed as the chairman or a deputy chairman shall be either a barrister-at-law practising in Northern Ireland or a practising solicitor of the Supreme Court of Judicature of Northern Ireland of not less than ten years' standing . 13 . Any appointment for the purposes of paragraph 11 ( c ) shall be made after consultation with Health and Social Services Boards . 14 . Any appointment for the purposes of any of sub-paragraphs ( d ) to ( h ) of paragraph 11 shall be made after consultation with such organisations as the Department may recognise as representative of the profession or calling concerned . 15 . -- ( 1 ) The functions of the Tribunal shall be exercised by three members consisting of -- ( a ) the chairman or a deputy chairman , ( b ) a person appointed under paragraph 11 ( c ) , and ( c ) a person appointed under such one of sub-paragraphs ( d ) to ( h ) of paragraph 11 as provides for the appointment of persons of the same profession or calling as that of the person concerned . ( 2 ) In sub-paragraph ( 1 ) ( c ) , the reference to the person concerned is -- ( a ) in the case of functions under paragraph 3 , to the person to whom the representations in question relate , ( b ) in the case of functions under paragraph 6 or 9 , to the person whose disqualification is under consideration , ( c ) in the case of functions under paragraph 8A , to the person to whom the application in question relates , and ( d ) in the case of functions under paragraph 8B , to the person in relation to whom the application of paragraph 8A ( 3 ) may be continued . ( 3 ) In the case of functions under paragraph 8A or 8B , sub-paragraph ( 1 ) is subject to paragraph 8C ( 2 ) ( b ) . " . Repeal 7 . Paragraph 2 of Schedule 1 to the Health and Social Security ( Northern Ireland ) Order 1984 is hereby repealed .


The Juno spacecraft arrives at Jupiter on July 4 , 2016 , after a journey of nearly five years and 2.7 billion km ( 1 . 7 billion miles ) . It will be the first space probe to orbit Jupiter since Galileo plunged into that planet's atmosphere in 2003 . NASA / JPL-Caltech Jupiter is the most-massive planet in the solar system , and because it is so large , it retained all of the gas it was born with . Nothing could escape its gravitation by seeping into space , like the hydrogen in Earth's atmosphere . By studying the composition of Jupiter , Juno will be able to identify the gas that the planet formed with 4.5 billion years ago and thus maybe learn how Jupiter came to be . NASA / JPL The Great Red Spot is a storm larger than Earth ( about 16,500 km wide ) that has been swirling since at least the 1830s and maybe even since the mid-17th century . Although it 's been observed for centuries , almost nothing is known about it . What is powering it ? Why has it lasted for hundreds of years ? Juno will get a very close view of the spot , from just 4,600 km ( 3 , 000 miles ) away , which may clear up its mysteries . Not much is known about the core of Jupiter , or even if it really has one at all . Scientists have speculated that Jupiter's core is likely hydrogen that has been squeezed by the enormous weight of the atmosphere above it into a metallic form . As the probe's velocity changes as it orbits the planet , the frequency of radio waves that Juno transmits to Earth will change . From these changes , Juno will measure Jupiter's gravitational field and its internal structure precisely . NASA / JPL / Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Jupiter has the largest magnetosphere of any planet . The magnetic field lines stretch out over a space 75 times bigger than the planet itself . Juno is teeming with instruments to study the charged particles trapped in Jupiter's magnetic field . These measurements – when combined with the study of Jupiter's deep internal structure , where the magnetic field is generated – will give a much better understanding of this powerful magnetosphere . NASA / JPL / Space Science Institute Juno will be in a polar orbit around Jupiter in order to avoid encounters with the planet's strong radiation belts , which could damage the spacecraft . Thus , Juno will be the first probe to get a close-up view of Jupiter's poles . The polar regions of Jupiter are very interesting because of Jupiter's powerful magnetosphere , which generates strong aurora . The auroral oval even has spots from which currents of plasma flow from Jupiter's moons to the poles of the planet .


The face seemed more heavy and more wrinkled , while that ominous venous tinge was more pronounced as he panted up the hill . The clean lines of his cheek and chin were marred by a day's growth of grey stubble , and his large , shapely head had lost something of the brave carriage which had struck me when first I glanced at him . He had a letter there , the same , or another , but still in a woman's hand , and over this he was moping and mumbling in his senile fashion , with his brow puckered , and the corners of his mouth drawn down like those of a fretting child . So I left him , with a vague wonder as to who he might be , and why a single spring day should have wrought such a change upon him . So interested was I that next morning I was on the look out for him . Sure enough , at the same hour , I saw him coming up the hill ; but very slowly , with a bent back and a heavy head . It was shocking to me to see the change in him as he approached . " I am afraid that our air does not agree with you , sir , " I ventured to remark . But it was as though he had no heart for talk . He tried , as I thought , to make some fitting reply , but it slurred off into a mumble and silence . How bent and weak and old he seemed--ten years older at the least than when first I had seen him ! It went to my heart to see this fine old fellow wasting away before my eyes . There was the eternal letter which he unfolded with his shaking fingers . Who was this woman whose words moved him so ? Some daughter , perhaps , or granddaughter , who should have been the light of his home instead of ---- I smiled to find how bitter I was growing , and how swiftly I was weaving a romance round an unshaven old man and his correspondence . Yet all day he lingered in my mind , and I had fitful glimpses of those two trembling , blue-veined , knuckly hands with the paper rustling between them . I had hardly hoped to see him again . Another day's decline must , I thought , hold him to his room , if not to his bed . Great , then , was my surprise when , as I approached my bench , I saw that he was already there . But as I came up to him I could scarce be sure that it was indeed the same man . There were the curly-brimmed hat , and the shining stock , and the horn glasses , but where were the stoop and the grey-stubbled , pitiable face ? He was clean - shaven and firm lipped , with a bright eye and a head that poised itself upon his great shoulders like an eagle on a rock . His back was as straight and square as a grenadier's , and he switched at the pebbles with his stick in his exuberant vitality . In the button - hole of his well-brushed black coat there glinted a golden blossom , and the corner of a dainty red silk handkerchief lapped over from his breast pocket . He might have been the eldest son of the weary creature who had sat there the morning before . " Good morning , Sir , good morning ! " he cried with a merry waggle of his cane . " Good morning ! " I answered how beautiful the bay is looking . " " Yes , Sir , but you should have seen it just before the sun rose . " " What , have you been here since then ? " " I was here when there was scarce light to see the path . " " You are a very early riser . " " On occasion , sir ; on occasion ! " He cocked his eye at me as if to gauge whether I were worthy of his confidence . " The fact is , sir , that my wife is coming back to me to day . " I suppose that my face showed that I did not quite see the force of the explanation . My eyes , too , may have given him assurance of sympathy , for he moved quite close to me and began speaking in a low , confidential voice , as if the matter were of such weight that even the sea-gulls must be kept out of our councils . " Are you a married man , Sir ? " " No , I am not . " " Ah , then you can not quite understand it . My wife and I have been married for nearly fifty years , and we have never been parted , never at all , until now . " " Was it for long ? " I asked . " Yes , sir . This is the fourth day . She had to go to Scotland . A matter of duty , you understand , and the doctors would not let me go .


Haiti : Beyond the Capital Posted 17 January 2010 22 : 42 GMT Much of the coverage of the destruction in the earthquake's aftermath has been focused in and around Haiti's capital city , Port-au-Prince . But many other areas close to the ' quake's epicentre have also been affected , as bloggers are quick to point out ... Jacmel , located about twenty-five miles south of Port-au-Prince , is " stranded and increasingly desperate " , according to Repeating Islands' republication of an excerpt from " the award-winning team of reporters from the Miami Herald : Residents of Jacmel , a quaint , historic Caribbean port city that suffered widespread damage and has been cut off from Port-au-Prince to the north , complain they have been forgotten . Four days after the quake struck Jacmel with equal force , they say they are still awaiting food , water , medical supplies and relief workers . Despite the blog's discontent " about the nature of the coverage of the earthquake in Haiti on American television and other media " , in another post it follows the Herald team as it reports on another area that is receiving little media attention , Carrefour : This town , which on Tuesday was the epicenter of the earthquake , is living in the epicenter of oblivion . Pwoje Espwa - Hope in Haiti , meanwhile , reports on the relief efforts taking place in Les Cayes : In contrast to the situation in PAP , the UN is guiding the relief efforts in les Cayes , and will be coordinating and providing a platform for the efforts of all the NGOs working in the area . There is no fuel left for purchase in Cayes and the UN has very little left . The UN folks are not sure when food and fuel will be delivered . All of us are nervous about this . There was a commercial flight on Tortugair this afternoon from Cap Haitian to Cayes , and they delivered a group of 8 orthopedic surgeons to work at the hospital . As the people arrive here from the destroyed capitol we will assist them in any way we can . Some need money to go on to family on the coast or inland ; some require medical attention ; all are hungry and thirsty ; almost all need clothing and shoes along with personal hygiene items . A simple thing like letting this young woman use my cell phone to call her mother and tell her she was all right and in Cayes was momentous for her and her mother . Konbit Pou Ayiti says that " Haiti KONPAY has been playing a critical role coordinating a rapid response to the crisis in both Jacmel and Port-au-Prince ... pursuing two major strategies " : 1 . Delivering immediate support to people on the ground in Jacmel and Port-au-Prince by coordinating the transport of supplies and volunteers . Carefully design volunteer interventions to avoid exacerbating the developing food and water shortages . 2 . Encouraging the evacuation of Port-au-Prince and establishing the resources necessary to assist victims when they arrive in the countryside by assessing existing resources in outlying areas and sending teams and equipment to clinics . The post goes on to quote a report " from Amber Munger on the ground in Port-au-Prince " : These are some details of the damage in Jacmel , which is a city of 34,000 : · 1,785 homes completely destroyed · 4410 homes partially destroyed · 87 commercial businesses destroyed · 54 schools destroyed · 24 hotels destroyed · 26 churches destroyed · 5730 families displaced · Death count approaching 3,000 , nearly 10 % of the population ( Reported by Gwenn Mangine , www . mangine . org ) Mangine also posts images from the ( severely damaged ) general hospital , with a further update on Sunday 16 : ... we noticed that the main pharmacy in town was open . And so we went in and bought them out of everything they had from the list – alcohol , hand sanitizer , peroxide , wound care items , meds ... ( another truckload . ) Yesterday we were expecting a big shipment of supplies , but we got one box . Still – we rushed over to the hospital with it . Mostly antibiotics and trauma care supplies – both were desperately needed . The doctors were thrilled . Pye's in Haiti discusses the " crazy busy " situation at the local airstrip : We had a plane full of supplies ready to come , however the San Juan airport would not let the plane leave with the medical supplies .... We are hoping that flights start today of supplies and medicine . And Darren Tyler of Conduit Mission , who has been trying to send emergency supplies to Jacmel by boat , shares an update from a member of his organisation on the ground : The port can be used , cruise ships can come in there . We need help bad here is the city . What kind of supplies are on the boat ? How fast can they get here ? We are starting to feel people get frustrated and scared .... Updates are being posted regularly on Twitter . @ melindayiti noted ( 15 January ) that " Jacmel is a mess - we have planes and boats but US coordinators wo n ' t give us clearance to get in ! " And a few hours later added : " 2 boats on the way , still no clearance to land plane w / critical medical teams " . Meanwhile , @ RescueJacmel , a new Twitter account , is attempting to ensure that international rescue efforts do not overlook the small city . Video bloggers are also chronicling their experiences , with clips from Les Cayes and Jacmel getting lots of attention on YouTube and other video sharing websites . The Cine Institute in Jacmel also posted eyewitness accounts of the earthquake . Lougou Corner is one of the blogs eager to supply information from their community : # We last communicated with Ginette last Thursday evening and she said that an exodus of people left Port-au-Prince already and came back to the provinces and rural areas . # We communicated via email with some ministries in Cayes and they reported that hospitals in Cayes are flooded with patients returning from Port and other areas affected in the provinces . We have seen firsthand in Lougou how an entire community has changed when residents have a say on the issues that affect their own lives . They have the best knowledge on what can and should be done to meet their pressing needs and bring lasting change in their community . And finally , from a U. S. - based Caribbean diaspora blogger , comes a stirring account of her friend's quest to find his mother , most likely in a neighbourhood of Port-au-Prince : ' As we came up on the block , I first walked right by the house because a good portion of it was totally demolished . The fitness center across the street was also completely demolished with a really strong smell coming from in between the bricks . When I asked people if they knew my mom , they shook their heads until I mentioned her by her nickname , Tita . And they were like , " Oh , yeah , " with joy in their eyes . " She 's right there in the house next door . " ' I opened the door . Her back was to me . I tapped her on the shoulder . The surprise , the tears , the hug so hard to explain . It was an unbelievable moment . She squeezed me so hard , crazy with joy . She paraded me down the street . " Meet my fourth son . He came for me , " she said . " He came for me . " ' We can only hope for similar stories coming out of other affected areas . For more on the earthquake in Haiti , visit our Special Coverage page .


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The amount of rain , snow , or other precipitation falling on a given spot on Earth's surface during the year depends a lot on where that spot is . Is it in a desert ( which receives little rain ) ? Is it in a rainforest ( which receives vast amounts of rain ) ? Or is it located somewhere between these two extremes ? Often precipitation runs off along the surface back to the ocean , but it can be held for a time in lakes . Lakes in wetter regions are relatively permanent features , but those in drier regions may be less stable and thus more sensitive to changes in precipitation from season to season and water withdrawals from human activities . The list below discusses some of Earth's lakes that belong to the second category . This lake in west-central Bolivia occupies a shallow depression in the Altiplano , or high plateau , at 12,090 feet ( 3 , 686 meters ) above sea level . Historically the country's second largest lake , it covered 977 square miles ( 2 , 530 square km ) at low stage and was about 56 miles ( 90 km ) long and 20 miles ( 32 km ) wide though only 8 to 10 feet ( 2 . 4 to 3 meters ) deep . By December 2015 , however , the lake had completely dried up as a result of the combined effects of climate change-exacerbated drought and sediment buildup caused by the local mining industry . Since the 1990s , as the process of global warming brought increased temperatures to the region , the evaporation rate for the lake tripled . Lacking a sufficient interval of normal rainfall to replenish its waters , the lake became desiccated , resulting in catastrophic consequences for the region's flora and fauna as well as for the people who had made a living fishing in the lake . Settlement on Lake Poopó's shores – previously made marshy by filtration of water into the lake bed – had long been sparse , but the disappearance of the lake forced many people to relocate . Also called Kati Thanda – Lake Eyre , this great salt lake in central South Australia has a total area of 4,281 square miles ( 11 , 088 square km ) . It lies in the southwestern corner of the Great Artesian Basin , a closed inland basin about 440,150 square miles ( 1 , 140 , 000 square km ) in area that is drained only by intermittent streams . Normally dry but susceptible to occasional flooding , the lake constitutes the lowest point on the Australian continent . In fact the lake's lowest point lies about 50 feet ( 15 meters ) below sea level and consists of two sections , Lake Eyre North and Lake Eyre South . The sections , which together span an area 89.5 miles ( 144 km ) long and 47.8 miles ( 77 km ) wide , are joined by the narrow Goyder Channel . Water reaching the lake evaporates very rapidly , and the surface of the lake bed has a thin crust of salt deposited by water that has evaporated . Lake Eyre's typical state is dry . It fills completely only an average of twice in a century , but partial , minor fillings happen much more often . After being completely filled ( as in 1950 , 1974 , and 1984 ) , the lake takes about two years to dry up again . Lake Eyre is in a region of very low and intermittent rainfall amounting to less than 5 inches ( 125 mm ) annually . The lake is fed by a vast internal continental drainage basin , but evaporation rates in the region are so high that most of the rivers in the basin dry up before reaching the lake . Thus , the waters of the Diamantina and other rivers can feed the lake only when they are in flood after heavy rains . Adapted from Philip Micklin , Western Michigan University Once the world's fourth largest body of inland water , this lake is an inland sea that is also called the Orol Sea , Aral Tengizi , or Orol Dengizi . The lake's remnants nestle in the climatically inhospitable heart of Central Asia , to the east of the Caspian Sea . The Aral Sea and its demise are of great interest and increasing concern to scientists because of the remarkable shrinkage of its area and volume that began in the second half of the 20th century – when the region was part of the Soviet Union – and continued into the 21st century . That change resulted primarily from the diversion ( for purposes of irrigation ) of the riverine waters of the Syr Darya ( ancient Jaxartes River ) in the north and the Amu Darya ( ancient Oxus River ) in the south , which discharged into the Aral Sea and were its main sources of inflowing water . The rapid shrinkage of the Aral Sea led to numerous environmental problems in the region . By the late 1980s the lake had lost more than half the volume of its pre-1960 water . Because of that , the salt and mineral content of the lake rose drastically , which made the water unfit for drinking and killed off the once-abundant fish populations – sturgeon , carp , barbel , roach , and others . The fishing industry along the Aral Sea was thus virtually destroyed . Until the 1960s the most significant factors affecting the water balance of the Aral Sea were the rates of river inflow and water loss through evaporation , which formerly took out each year about the same amount of water that the rivers brought in . In 1960 the surface of the Aral Sea lay 175 feet ( 53 meters ) above sea level and covered an area of some 26,300 square miles ( 68 , 000 square km ) . The Aral Sea's greatest extent from north to south was almost 270 miles ( 435 km ) , while from east to west it was just over 180 miles ( 290 km ) . Although the average depth was a relatively shallow 53 feet ( 16 meters ) or so , it descended to a maximum of 226 feet ( 69 meters ) off the western shore . Lake Chad is a freshwater lake in the Sahelian zone of west-central Africa at the conjunction of Chad , Cameroon , Nigeria , and Niger . It is located in an interior basin that was once occupied by a much larger ancient sea . Historically , the lake ranked among the largest lakes in Africa , though its surface area varies greatly by season as well as from year to year . When the surface of the lake is approximately 920 feet ( 280 meters ) above sea level , the area is about 6,875 square miles ( 17 , 800 square km ) . In the early 21st century , however , the area was typically about 580 square miles ( 1 , 500 square km ) . Lake Chad is a variable body of water , and its surface area typically reaches its maximum in late October or early November , before shrinking by more than half by late April or early May . The volume of the lake reflects local precipitation and the discharge of its catchment area , balanced against losses through evaporation , transpiration , and seepage . The lake is fed chiefly by the Chari ( Shari ) - Logone river system , which accounts for about four-fifths of the inflow . Most of the remaining inflow is contributed by the Ebeji ( El-Béid ) and Yedseram rivers . At times when the lake has a greater surface area , it can be divided into two pools partially separated by a low ridge extending roughly northeast-southwest across the center of the lake . The ridge was formed during a drought at the beginning of the 20th century , and at times it has completely divided the basins . Ehsan Mahdiyan Iran's Lake Urmia , or Daryācheh-ye Orūmīyeh , is located in the northwestern corner of the country . It is the largest lake in the Middle East , and it has historically covered an area that varied from 2,000 to 2,300 square miles ( 5 , 200 to 6,000 square km ) . The lake lies in the bottom of the large central depression of the Azerbaijan region in northwestern Iran , at an elevation of 4,183 feet ( 1 , 275 meters ) above sea level . The basin is surrounded by mountains in the west and north , by plateaus in the south , and by plateaus and volcanic cones in the east . At its fullest volume , in the 1970s , the lake was about 87 miles ( 140 km ) long and 25 to 35 miles ( 40 to 55 km ) wide , with a maximum depth of 53 feet ( 16 meters ) . Because Lake Urmia's waters have no outlet , they are highly saline . The lake is one-fourth as salty as the Dead Sea , with a salt content ranging from 8 to 11 percent in the spring to 26 to 28 percent in the late autumn . The main salts are chlorine , sodium , and sulfates . Since 1967 it has enjoyed the status of a wetland protected region , and efforts have been made by the Iranian government to increase its wildlife . However , Lake Urmia's surface area has declined by some 90 percent since the 1970s , to roughly 230 square miles ( 600 square km ) , from the damming of the rivers that flow into the lake . The Dead Sea has the lowest elevation and is the lowest body of water on the surface of Earth . For several decades in the mid-20th century , the standard value given for the surface level of the lake was some 1,300 feet ( 400 meters ) below sea level . Beginning in the 1960s , however , Israel and Jordan began diverting much of the Jordan River's flow and increased the use of the lake's water itself for commercial purposes . The result of those activities was a precipitous drop in the Dead Sea's water level . By the mid-2010s the lake level was more than 100 feet ( some 30 meters ) below the mid-20th-century figure – i.e. , about 1,410 feet ( 430 meters ) below sea level – but the lake continued to drop by about 3 feet ( 1 meter ) annually . Concern mounted quickly over the continued drop in the Dead Sea's water level , prompting studies and calls for greater conservation of the Jordan River's water resources . In addition to proposals for reducing the amount of river water diverted by Israel and Jordan , those two countries discussed proposals for canals that would bring additional water to the Dead Sea . One such project , which received approval from both sides in 2015 , would involve constructing a canal northward from the Red Sea . The plan , which would include desalinization and hydroelectric plants along the course of the canal , would deliver large quantities of brine ( a by-product of the desalinization process ) to the lake . However , the project met with skepticism and opposition from environmentalists and others who questioned the potentially harmful effects of mixing water from the two sources .


1 . - ( 1 ) The corporation sole by the name of the Data Protection Registrar established by the Data Protection Act 1984 shall continue in existence by the name of the Data Protection Commissioner . ( 2 ) The Commissioner and his officers and staff are not to be regarded as servants or agents of the Crown . Tenure of office 2 . - ( 1 ) Subject to the provisions of this paragraph , the Commissioner shall hold office for such term not exceeding five years as may be determined at the time of his appointment . ( 2 ) The Commissioner may be relieved of his office by Her Majesty at his own request . ( 3 ) The Commissioner may be removed from office by Her Majesty in pursuance of an Address from both Houses of Parliament . ( 4 ) The Commissioner shall in any case vacate his office - ( a ) on completing the year of service in which he attains the age of sixty-five years , or ( b ) if earlier , on completing his fifteenth year of service . ( 5 ) Subject to sub-paragraph ( 4 ) , a person who ceases to be Commissioner on the expiration of his term of office shall be eligible for re-appointment , but a person may not be re-appointed for a third or subsequent term as Commissioner unless , by reason of special circumstances , the person's re-appointment for such a term is desirable in the public interest . Salary etc. 3 . - ( 1 ) There shall be paid - ( a ) to the Commissioner such salary , and ( b ) to or in respect of the Commissioner such pension , as may be specified by a resolution of the House of Commons . ( 2 ) A resolution for the purposes of this paragraph may - ( a ) specify the salary or pension , ( b ) provide that the salary or pension is to be the same as , or calculated on the same basis as , that payable to , or to or in respect of , a person employed in a specified office under , or in a specified capacity in the service of , the Crown , or ( c ) specify the salary or pension and provide for it to be increased by reference to such variables as may be specified in the resolution . ( 3 ) A resolution for the purposes of this paragraph may take effect from the date on which it is passed or from any earlier or later date specified in the resolution . ( 4 ) A resolution for the purposes of this paragraph may make different provision in relation to the pension payable to or in respect of different holders of the office of Commissioner . ( 5 ) Any salary or pension payable under this paragraph shall be charged on and issued out of the Consolidated Fund . ( 6 ) In this paragraph " pension " includes an allowance or gratuity and any reference to the payment of a pension includes a reference to the making of payments towards the provision of a pension . Officers and staff 4 . - ( 1 ) The Commissioner - ( a ) shall appoint a deputy commissioner , and ( b ) may appoint such number of other officers and staff as he may determine . ( 2 ) The remuneration and other conditions of service of the persons appointed under this paragraph shall be determined by the Commissioner . ( 3 ) The Commissioner may pay such pensions , allowances or gratuities to or in respect of the persons appointed under this paragraph , or make such payments towards the provision of such pensions , allowances or gratuities , as he may determine . ( 4 ) The references in sub-paragraph ( 3 ) to pensions , allowances or gratuities to or in respect of the persons appointed under this paragraph include references to pensions , allowances or gratuities by way of compensation to or in respect of any of those persons who suffer loss of office or employment . ( 5 ) Any determination under sub-paragraph ( 1 ) ( b ) , ( 2 ) or ( 3 ) shall require the approval of the Secretary of State . ( 6 ) The Employers' Liability ( Compulsory Insurance ) Act 1969 shall not require insurance to be effected by the Commissioner . 5 . - ( 1 ) The deputy commissioner shall perform the functions conferred by this Act on the Commissioner during any vacancy in that office or at any time when the Commissioner is for any reason unable to act . ( 2 ) Without prejudice to sub-paragraph ( 1 ) , any functions of the Commissioner under this Act may , to the extent authorised by him , be performed by any of his officers or staff . Authentication of seal of the Commissioner 6 . The application of the seal of the Commissioner shall be authenticated by his signature or by the signature of some other person authorised for the purpose . Presumption of authenticity of documents issued by the Commissioner 7 . Any document purporting to be an instrument issued by the Commissioner and to be duly executed under the Commissioner's seal or to be signed by or on behalf of the Commissioner shall be received in evidence and shall be deemed to be such an instrument unless the contrary is shown . Money 8 . The Secretary of State may make payments to the Commissioner out of money provided by Parliament . 9 . - ( 1 ) All fees and other sums received by the Commissioner in the exercise of his functions under this Act or section 159 of the Consumer Credit Act 1974 shall be paid by him to the Secretary of State . ( 2 ) Sub-paragraph ( 1 ) shall not apply where the Secretary of State , with the consent of the Treasury , otherwise directs . ( 3 ) Any sums received by the Secretary of State under sub-paragraph ( 1 ) shall be paid into the Consolidated Fund . Accounts 10 . - ( 1 ) It shall be the duty of the Commissioner - ( a ) to keep proper accounts and other records in relation to the accounts , ( b ) to prepare in respect of each financial year a statement of account in such form as the Secretary of State may direct , and ( c ) to send copies of that statement to the Comptroller and Auditor General on or before 31st August next following the end of the year to which the statement relates or on or before such earlier date after the end of that year as the Treasury may direct . ( 2 ) The Comptroller and Auditor General shall examine and certify any statement sent to him under this paragraph and lay copies of it together with his report thereon before each House of Parliament . ( 3 ) In this paragraph " financial year " means a period of twelve months beginning with 1st April .