### to support the union in responding effectively to the challenges posed by migration , there is a need for sub - annual frequency data on asylum and managed migration . ### to support the union in responding effectively to the specific national , regional and local challenges posed by migration , there is a need for sub - annual frequency data on asylum and managed migration . the lack of accurate information contributes to the dissemination of misperceptions that may negatively influence public opinion on this phenomenon and , ultimately , national and european public policies .


### asylum and managed migration statistics are fundamental for the study , definition and evaluation of a wide range of policies , particularly as regards responses to the arrival of persons seeking protection in europe . ### asylum and managed migration statistics are fundamental for the study , definition and evaluation of a wide range of policies , particularly as regards responses to the arrival of persons seeking protection , including those who are in need of immediate assistance in europe , such as victims of gender - based violence .


### this regulation guarantees the right to respect for private and family life and to the protection of personal data , as set out in articles 7 and 8 of the charter of fundamental rights of the european union . ### this regulation guarantees the right to respect for private and family life , to the protection of personal data , non - discrimination and gender equality as set out in articles 7 , 8 , 21 and 23 of the charter of fundamental rights of the european union .


### although the member states are parties to the european convention for the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms , the international covenant on civil and political rights and the united nations convention on the rights of the child , experience has shown that this in itself does not always provide a sufficient degree of trust in the criminal justice systems of other member states . ### although the charter of fundamental rights of the european union applies , under certain conditions , to member states and the member states are parties to the european convention for the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms , the international covenant on civil and political rights and the united nations convention on the rights of the child , experience has shown that these facts in themselves do not always provide a sufficient degree of trust in the criminal justice systems of other member states .


### this directive should also apply in respect of offences which have been committed after the age of 18 years by the same suspect or accused person and which are jointly investigated and prosecuted as they are inextricably linked to offences where criminal proceedings started against that person before the age of 18 . ### this directive should also apply in respect of offences which have been committed after the suspect or accused person had reached the age of 18 years , where such offences are jointly investigated and prosecuted as they are inextricably linked to offences to which this directive is applicable .


### children should have the right to have the holder of parental responsibility informed about applicable procedural rights , either orally or in writing . this information should be provided promptly and in such detail as is necessary to safeguard the fairness of the proceedings and the effective exercise of the rights of defence of the child . where it would be contrary to the best interests of the child to inform the holder of parental responsibility of those rights , another appropriate adult should be informed . ### children should have the right also to have the holder of parental responsibility informed about applicable procedural rights , orally and in writing . this information should be provided promptly and in such detail as is necessary to safeguard the fairness of the proceedings and the effective exercise of the rights of defence of the child . where it would be contrary to the best interests of the child to inform the holder of parental responsibility of those rights , another appropriate adult should be informed .


### children should not be able to waive their right of access to a lawyer because they are not able to fully understand and follow criminal proceedings . therefore , the presence or assistance of a lawyer should be mandatory for children . ### children should not be able to waive their right of access to a lawyer because they are not able to fully understand and follow criminal proceedings . therefore , the presence and assistance of a lawyer should be mandatory for children .


### children who are suspected or accused in criminal proceedings should have the right to an individual assessment to identify their specific needs in terms of protection , education , formation and social integration , to determine if and to what extent they would need special measures during the criminal proceedings and to determine the extent of their criminal responsibility and the adequacy of a penalty or educative measure for them . ### children who are suspected or accused in criminal proceedings should have the right to an individual assessment to identify their specific needs in terms of protection , education , formation and social integration , to ensure that every decision taken during , or resulting from , the proceedings is tailored to the greatest extent possible to their particular circumstances .


### however , it would be disproportionate to require the competent authorities to ensure audio - visual recording in all circumstances . due account should be taken of the complexity of the case , the seriousness of the alleged offence and the potential penalty that can be incurred . if a child is deprived of liberty before conviction , any questioning of the child should be audio - visually recorded . ### however , it would be unreasonable to require the competent authorities to ensure audio - visual recording even when this was not in the best interests of the child . if a child is deprived of liberty before conviction , any questioning of the child should be audio - visually recorded .


### for the purposes of this directive the term “child” means a person below the age of 18 years . ### for the purposes of this directive : - the term “child” means a person below the age of 18 years . where , even after checks , doubts remain about a person’s age , that person shall , for all purposes , be presumed to be the age of a child .


### their right to a lawyer , as provided for in article 6 ; ### their right to be assisted by a lawyer , as provided for in article 6 ;


### their right to liberty and the right to specific treatment in detention , as provided for in articles 10 and 12 ; ### their right to liberty and the right to specific treatment when arrested or in detention , as provided for in articles 10 and 12 ;


### member states shall ensure that the holder of parental responsibility of the child or , where that would be contrary to the best interests of the child , another appropriate adult , is provided with the information that the child receives in accordance with article 4 . ### member states shall ensure that the holder of parental responsibility for the child or , where that is impossible or would be contrary to the best interests of the child , another appropriate adult , to be specified by the child and approved by the competent authority or – if the child has not specified any such person – a person designated by the competent authority and accepted by the child , is provided as quickly as possible with the information that the child receives in accordance with article 4 .


### right to a mandatory access to a lawyer ### right to mandatory assistance by a lawyer


### the extent and detail of the individual assessment may vary depending on the circumstances of the case , the seriousness of the alleged offence and the penalty which will be imposed if the child is found guilty of the alleged offence , whether or not the child has previously come to the attention of competent authorities in the context of criminal proceedings . ### the extent and detail of the individual assessment may vary depending on the circumstances of the case , taking into account the best interests of the child . the assessment shall serve to establish and record such information about the individual characteristics and circumstances of the child as might be of use to the competent authority in order to : determine whether special measures concerning the child should be taken during the proceedings ; assess the appropriateness and effectiveness of any precautionary measures ; take decisions within its remit arising from the proceedings .


### individual assessments shall be carried out with the close involvement of the child . ### individual assessments shall be carried out with the close involvement of the child . they shall be carried out by qualified personnel , following a multidisciplinary approach and , where deemed advisable , with the involvement of the holder of parental responsibility or another appropriate adult and / or specialist professionals .


### the conclusion of the medical examination shall be recorded in writing . ### the conclusion of the medical examination shall be recorded in writing and all steps necessary to protect the physical and mental health of the child shall be taken without delay .


### member states shall ensure that any questioning of children by police or other law enforcement or judicial authority carried out prior to the indictment is audio - visually recorded , unless it is not proportionate taking into account the complexity of the case , the seriousness of the alleged offence and the potential penalty that can be incurred . ### member states shall ensure that any questioning of children by police or other law enforcement or judicial authority carried out is audio - visually recorded , unless this is not in the best interests of the child .


### undergoing of therapeutic treatment or treatment for addiction , ### participation in therapeutic or addiction treatment programmes ,


### ensure and preserve the health and physical development of the child , ### ensure and preserve the health and physical and mental development of the child ,


### member states shall ensure that the holder of parental responsibility or another appropriate adult as referred to in article 5 have access to the court hearings involving the child . ### except in cases where this would not be in the best interests of the child , member states shall ensure that the holder of parental responsibility or another appropriate adult as referred to in article 5 have access to the court hearings involving the child and can , where appropriate , be present during other stages in the proceedings at which the child is present .


### member states shall ensure that national law in relation to legal aid guarantees the effective exercise of the right to access to a lawyer as referred to in article 6 . ### member states shall ensure that national law in relation to legal aid guarantees the effective exercise of the right to be assisted by a lawyer as referred to in article 6 .


### council directive 98 / 58 / ec20 lays down general minimum welfare standards for animals bred or kept for farming purposes . it calls on member states to avoid unnecessary pain , suffering or injury of farm animals . if cloning causes unnecessary pain , suffering or injury , member states have to act at national level to avoid it . different national approaches to animal cloning could lead to market distortion . it is thus necessary to ensure that the same conditions apply to all involved in the production and distribution of live animals throughout the union . __________________ 20 council directive 98 / 58 / ec of 20 july 1998 concerning the protection of animals kept for farming purposes . ### council directive 98 / 58 / ec20 lays down general minimum welfare standards for animals bred or kept for farming purposes . it calls on member states to avoid unnecessary pain , suffering or injury of farm animals . if cloning causes unnecessary pain , suffering or injury , member states have to act at national level to avoid it . different national approaches to animal cloning or to the use of products from cloned animals could lead to market distortion . it is thus necessary to ensure that the same conditions apply to all involved in the production and distribution of live animals throughout the union . __________________ 20 council directive 98 / 58 / ec of 20 july 1998 concerning the protection of animals kept for farming purposes .


### the european food safety authority has confirmed that surrogate dams used in cloning suffer in particular from placenta dysfunctions contributing to increased levels of miscarriages21 . this contributes , amongst other things , to the low efficiency of the technique , 6 to 15 % for bovine and 6 % for porcine species , and the need to implant embryo clones into several dams to obtain one clone . in addition , clone abnormalities and unusually large offspring result in difficult births and neonatal deaths . __________________ 21 scientific opinion of the scientific committee on food safety , animal health and welfare and environmental impact of animals derived from cloning by somatic cell nucleus transfer and their offspring and products obtained from those animals http : / / www . efsa . europa . eu / en / topics / topic / cloning . htm ? wtrl=01 ### the european food safety authority has confirmed that surrogate dams used in cloning suffer in particular from placenta dysfunctions contributing to increased levels of miscarriages21 . this , amongst other things , is conducive to the low efficiency of the technique , 6 to 15 % for bovine and 6 % for porcine species , and to the need to implant embryo clones into several dams to obtain one clone . in addition , clone abnormalities and unusually large offspring result in difficult births and neonatal deaths . __________________ 21 scientific opinion of the scientific committee on food safety , animal health and welfare and environmental impact of animals derived from cloning by somatic cell nucleus transfer and their offspring and products obtained from those animals http : / / www . efsa . europa . eu / en / topics / topic / cloning . htm ? wtrl=01


### taking into account the objectives of the union ' s agricultural policy , the results of the recent scientific assessments of efsa and the animal welfare requirement provided in article 13 of the treaty , it is prudent to provisionally prohibit the use of cloning in animal production for farm purposes of certain species . ### taking into account the objectives of the union ' s agricultural policy , the results of the recent scientific assessments of efsa , the animal welfare requirement provided in article 13 of the treaty , and the concerns of citizens , it is appropriate to prohibit cloning for animal production for farming purposes in the union and the sale in the union of products derived from such cloning which takes place in third countries .


### taking into account the objectives of the union ' s agricultural policy , the results of the recent scientific assessments of efsa and the animal welfare requirement provided in article 13 of the treaty , it is prudent to provisionally prohibit the use of cloning in animal production for farm purposes of certain species . ### taking into account the objectives of the union ' s agricultural policy , the results of the recent scientific assessments of efsa , the animal welfare requirement provided for in article 13 of the treaty and ethical issues relating to animal cloning , it is prudent to prohibit the use of cloning in animal production for farm purposes of certain species .


### reflecting the important contribution that research and innovation should make to address challenges in food , agriculture , rural development and the bioeconomy , and to seize the corresponding research and innovation opportunities in close synergy with common agricultural policy , relevant actions under the specific programme will be supported with eur 10 billion for the cluster ' food and natural resources ' for the period 2021 - 2027 . ### reflecting the important contribution that research and innovation should make to address challenges in food , agriculture , fisheries and aquaculture , rural development and the bioeconomy , and to seize the corresponding research and innovation opportunities in close synergy with common agricultural policy and common fisheries policy , relevant actions under the specific programme will be supported with eur 16 billion for the cluster ‘ food , natural resources , seas and oceans’ for the period 2021 - 2027 .


### strengthening international cooperation ; ### strengthening international cooperation in order to boost productivity and competitiveness on the internal market ;


### fostering open science and ensuring visibility to the public and open access to results ; ### fostering open science and ensuring visibility to the public and open access to results , thereby boosting the innovative potential of smes in particular ;


### improving skills for innovation ; ### improving skills for innovation in order to boost the competitiveness and sustainability of smes and effect a real change in the lives of individuals and society as a whole ;


### improving access to risk finance , in particular where the market does not provide viable financing . ### improving access to risk finance , in particular for start - ups and smes , where the market does not provide viable financing .


### cluster food and natural resources ' , as described in annex i , pillar ii , section 5 ; ### cluster food , natural resources , seas and oceans ' , as described in annex i , pillar ii , section 5 ;


### there will be appropriate support for mechanisms to communicate the programme to potential applicants . ### there will be appropriate support for mechanisms to communicate the programme to potential applicants and citizens through awareness raising campaigns and other promotion initiatives .


### transport ensures the mobility of people and goods necessary for an integrated european single market , territorial cohesion and an open and inclusive society . at the same time , transport has significant negative effects on human health , congestion , land , air quality and noise , as well as safety resulting in numerous premature deaths and increased socio - economic costs . therefore , sustainable mobility and transport networks need to become clean , safe , smart , secure , silent , reliable and affordable , offering a seamless integrated door - to - door service . ### transport ensures the mobility of the people and goods necessary for an integrated european single market for development , for territorial cohesion and an open and inclusive society . on the other hand , pollution from the transport sector has significant negative effects on human health , on congestion , on land , on air quality and noise , as well as on safety , resulting in numerous premature deaths and increased socio - economic costs . therefore , sustainable mobility and transport networks need to become clean , safe , accessible for all users and modes of transport , smart , secure , silent , reliable and affordable , offering a seamless integrated and interconnected door - to - door service .


### the issues faced by the transport and energy sectors go however beyond the need for emission reduction . there are several challenges to be tackled , including the increasing penetration of digital and space - based technologies , changes in user behaviour and mobility patterns , new market entrants and disruptive business models , globalisation , increasing international competition and an older , more urban and increasingly diverse , population . ### the issues faced by the transport and energy sectors go however beyond the need for emission reduction . there are several challenges to be tackled , including the increasing penetration of digital and space - based technologies , changes in user behaviour and mobility patterns , new market entrants and disruptive business models , globalisation , increasing international competition and an older , more urban and increasingly diverse population , as well as a rural and suburban population which is being isolated and needs accessible transport .


### finding new ways to accelerate the deployment of clean technologies and solutions for the decarbonisation of the european economy requires also increased demand for innovation . this can be stimulated through the empowerment of citizens as well as socio - economic and public sector innovation and will lead to approaches broader than technology - driven innovation . socio - economic research covering inter alia user needs and patterns , foresight activities , environmental , economic , social and behavioural aspects , business cases and models and pre - normative research for standard setting , will also facilitate actions fostering regulatory , financing and social innovation , skills , as well as engagement and empowerment of market players and consumers . ### finding new ways to accelerate the deployment of clean technologies and solutions for the decarbonisation of the european economy also requires increased demand for innovation . this can be stimulated through the empowerment of citizens as well as socio - economic and public sector innovation and will lead to approaches broader than technology - driven innovation . socio - economic research covering , inter alia , the needs and patterns of all users , foresight activities , environmental , economic , social and behavioural aspects , geographical localisation , business cases and models and pre - normative research for standard - setting , will also facilitate actions fostering regulatory , financing and social innovation , skills , as well as engagement and empowerment of market players and consumers .


### activities under this cluster contribute in particular to the goals of the energy union , as well as to those of the digital single market , the jobs , growth and investment agenda , the strengthening of the eu as a global actor , the new eu industrial policy strategy , the circular economy , the raw materials initiative , the security union and the urban agenda , as well as the common agricultural policy of the eu as well as eu legal provisions to reduce noise and air pollution . ### activities under this cluster contribute in particular to the goals of the energy union , as well as to those of the digital single market , the jobs , growth and investment agenda , the strengthening of the eu as a global actor , the new eu industrial policy strategy , the circular economy , the raw materials initiative , the security union and the urban agenda , the maritime policy as well as the common agricultural policy of the eu as well as eu legal provisions to reduce noise and air pollution .


### it is estimated that by 2050 , more than 80% of the eu ' s population will live in urban areas , consuming the lion ' s share of available resources , including energy , and being areas particularly vulnerable to the adverse meteorological change impacts worsen by climate change and natural disasters already now and increasingly in the future . a key challenge is to significantly increase the overall energy and resource efficiency as well as climate - resilience of europe ' s cities in a holistic fashion , targeting the building stock , energy systems , mobility , climate change , as well as water , soil , air quality , waste and noise . synergies with erdf - funded urban policy and actions should be investigated and exploited . ### it is estimated that by 2050 , more than 80% of the eu’s population will live in urban areas , consuming the lion’s share of available resources , including energy ; these areas will furthermore be particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of meteorological change , which are already worsening as a result of climate change and natural disasters , and will become increasingly bad in the future . a key challenge is to significantly increase the overall energy and resource efficiency as well as climate - resilience of europe’s cities in a holistic fashion , targeting the building stock , energy systems , mobility , climate change , as well as water , soil , air quality , waste and noise . synergies with erdf - funded urban policy and actions should be investigated and exploited . furthermore , special attention will need to be paid to the mobility and security of the remaining 20% of the eu population living in rural and remote areas , looking into the most efficient and effective strategies in the both the transport sector and the energy sector to ensure optimum security when it comes to logistics and energy .


### –quality of life for the citizens , safe mobility , urban social innovation , cities ' circular and regenerative capacity , reduced environmental footprint and pollution ; ### –quality of life for the citizens , safe mobility , urban social innovation , cities ' circular and regenerative capacity , reduced environmental footprint and pollution ; smart destinations ;


### the shift towards clean technologies , connectivity and automation will depend on the timely design and manufacture of aircraft , vehicles and vessels integrating different technologies and accelerating their introduction . increasing comfort , efficiency , affordability , while minimising lifecycle impact on the environment , human health and on energy use remain objectives of paramount importance . innovative , highly capable transport infrastructure is essential for the proper functioning of all transport modes in view of increased mobility demand and rapidly changing technology regimes . an integrated approach to infrastructure and vehicle / vessel / aircraft development deserves particular attention also in order to minimise energy and environmental impact . ### the shift towards clean technologies , connectivity and automation will depend on the timely design and manufacture of aircraft , vehicles and vessels integrating different technologies and accelerating their introduction . increasing comfort , efficiency , affordability , while minimising lifecycle impact on the environment , human health and on energy use remain objectives of paramount importance . innovative , highly capable , interoperable , multimodal transport infrastructure is essential for the proper functioning of all transport modes in view of increased mobility demand and rapidly changing technology regimes . an integrated approach to infrastructure and vehicle / vessel / aircraft development deserves particular attention also in order to minimise energy and environmental impact .


### –new materials , techniques and methods of construction , operations and maintenance of infrastructures , ensuring reliable network availability and full life - cycle approach ; ### –new materials , techniques and methods of construction , operations and monitoring and maintenance of infrastructures , ensuring reliable network availability and full life - cycle approach ;


### –electrification of all transport modes including new technologies for vehicle / vessel / aircraft powertrains , fast charging / refuelling , energy harvesting and user - friendly and accessible interfaces with the charging infrastructure , ensuring interoperability and seamless services provision ; development and deployment of competitive , safe , high - performing and sustainable batteries for low and zero - emission vehicles ; ### –electrification of all transport modes including new technologies for vehicle / vessel / aircraft powertrains , fast charging / refuelling , energy harvesting and user - friendly and accessible interfaces with the charging infrastructure , ensuring interoperability and seamless services provision ; development and deployment of competitive , safe , high - performing and sustainable batteries for low - and zero - emission vehicles ;


### smart mobility will help ensure the efficiency , safety and resilience of door - to - door mobility and all its components , in particular by using digital technologies , advanced satellite navigation , and artificial intelligence . new technologies will help to optimise the use and efficiency of transport infrastructure and networks , improving multi - modality and connectivity , optimising traffic management and enable innovative transport solutions and services , thus reducing congestion and negative environmental impacts , providing better mobility and logistics services for citizens and businesses . connected and automated mobility together with the enabling infrastructure will improve efficiency and safety in all transport modes . . ### smart mobility will help ensure the efficiency , safety and resilience of door - to - door mobility and all its components , in particular by using digital technologies , advanced satellite navigation , and artificial intelligence . new technologies will help to optimise the use and efficiency of transport infrastructure and networks , improving multi - modality and connectivity , optimising traffic management and enable innovative transport solutions and services that are accessible for users , particularly those with reduced mobility . this will make it possible to reduce congestion and negative environmental impacts , providing better mobility and logistics services for citizens and businesses . connected and automated mobility together with the enabling infrastructure will improve efficiency and safety in all transport modes .


### –connected , cooperative and automated mobility systems and services , including technological solutions and non - technological issues . ### –connected , interoperable , cooperative and automated mobility systems and services , including technological solutions and non - technological issues .


### cluster ' food and natural resources ' ### cluster ' food , natural resources , seas and oceans '


### food and natural resources ### food , natural resources , seas and oceans


### 2 . 4 . sea and oceans ### 2 . 4 . seas and oceans


### –blue value - chains , the multiple - use of marine space and growth of the renewable energy sector from seas and oceans , including sustainable micro - and macro - algae ; ### –blue value - chains , including coastal and maritime tourism , the multiple - use of marine space and growth of the renewable energy sector from seas and oceans , including sustainable micro - and macro - algae ;


### to meet the objectives of the paris agreement the eu will need to transition to low - carbon , resource - efficient and resilient economies and societies . this will be based on profound changes in technology and services , to the ways in which businesses and consumers behave , as well as involving new forms of governance . limiting the increase of global average temperature to well below 2°c , and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1 . 5°c , requires rapid progress in decarbonising the energy system and substantially reducing greenhouse - gas emissions from the transport sector17 . it will also need new impetus to accelerate the pace of developing next - generation breakthroughs as well as demonstrating and deploying innovative technologies and solutions , using also the opportunities provided by digital and space technologies . this will be pursued through an integrated approach encompassing decarbonisation , resource efficiency , reduction of air pollution , access to raw materials and circular economy . _________________ 17 substantial decarbonisation of other sectors is addressed in other areas of the horizon europe global challenges and industrial competitiveness pillar . ### to meet the objectives of the paris agreement the eu will need to transition to low - carbon , resource - efficient and resilient economies and societies . this will be based on profound changes in technology and services , to the ways in which businesses and consumers behave , as well as involving new forms of governance . limiting the increase of global average temperature to well below 2°c , and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1 . 5°c , requires rapid progress in decarbonising the energy system and substantially reducing greenhouse - gas emissions from the transport sector17 . it will also need new impetus to accelerate the pace of developing next - generation breakthroughs as well as demonstrating and deploying innovative technologies and solutions , using also the opportunities provided by digital and space technologies . this will be pursued through an integrated approach encompassing decarbonisation , resource efficiency , reduction of air pollution , access to raw materials and circular economy . all these changes will occur alongside a fair and adequate social transition , with emphasis being placed on the creation of those opportunities and new jobs in the hardest - hit areas , and on the importance of retraining for workers in the coal industry and the acquisition of new skills . _________________ 17 substantial decarbonisation of other sectors is addressed in other areas of the horizon europe global challenges and industrial competitiveness pillar .


### in its resolution of 8 february 2018 , the european parliament called on the commission to conduct an assessment of the summer - time arrangements provided by directive 2000 / 84 / ec and , if necessary , to come up with a proposal for its revision . that resolution also confirmed that it is essential to maintain a harmonised approach to time arrangements throughout the union . ### in its resolution of 8 february 2018 , the european parliament called on the commission to conduct a thorough assessment of the summer - time arrangements provided by directive 2000 / 84 / ec and , if necessary , to come up with a proposal for its revision . that resolution also stressed the importance of maintaining a harmonised approach to time arrangements throughout the union and a unified eu time regime .


### this directive should not prejudice the right of each member state to decide on the standard time or times for the territories under its jurisdiction and falling under the territorial scope of the treaties , and on further changes thereto . however , in order to ensure that the application of summer - time arrangements by some member states only does not disrupt the functioning of the internal market , member states should refrain from changing the standard time in any given territory under their jurisdiction for reasons related to seasonal changes , be such change presented as a change of time zone . moreover , in order to minimise disruptions , inter alia , to transport , communications and other concerned sectors , they should notify the commission in due time of their intention to change their standard time and subsequently apply the notified changes . the commission should , on the basis of that notification , inform all other member states so that they can take all necessary measures . it should also inform the general public and stakeholders by publishing this information . ### this directive should not prejudice the right of each member state to decide on the standard time or times for the territories under its jurisdiction and falling under the territorial scope of the treaties , and on further changes thereto . however , in order to ensure that the application of summer - time arrangements by some member states only does not disrupt the functioning of the internal market , member states should take their decisions in the context of the coordination mechanism and refrain from changing the standard time in any given territory under their jurisdiction for reasons related to seasonal changes , be such change presented as a change of time zone , especially if such a change would affect the geographical coherence of the time zones present in europe . moreover , in order to minimise disruptions , inter alia , to transport , communications and other concerned sectors , they should notify the commission in due time of their intention to change their standard time and subsequently apply the notified changes . the commission should , on the basis of that notification , inform all other member states so that they can take all necessary measures . it should also inform the general public and stakeholders by publishing this information .


### this directive should not prejudice the right of each member state to decide on the standard time or times for the territories under its jurisdiction and falling under the territorial scope of the treaties , and on further changes thereto . however , in order to ensure that the application of summer - time arrangements by some member states only does not disrupt the functioning of the internal market , member states should refrain from changing the standard time in any given territory under their jurisdiction for reasons related to seasonal changes , be such change presented as a change of time zone . moreover , in order to minimise disruptions , inter alia , to transport , communications and other concerned sectors , they should notify the commission in due time of their intention to change their standard time and subsequently apply the notified changes . the commission should , on the basis of that notification , inform all other member states so that they can take all necessary measures . it should also inform the general public and stakeholders by publishing this information . ### this directive should not prejudice the right of each member state to decide on the standard time or times for the territories under its jurisdiction and falling under the territorial scope of the treaties , and on further changes thereto . however , in order to ensure that the application of summer - time arrangements by some member states only does not disrupt the functioning of the internal market , member states should refrain from changing the standard time in any given territory under their jurisdiction for reasons related to seasonal changes , be such change presented as a change of time zone . however , if a member state decides to a change of a time zone , it should not vary more than an hour from the neighbouring member states . moreover , in order to minimise disruptions , inter alia , to transport , communications and other concerned sectors , they should notify the commission and the other member states in due time of their intention to change their standard time and subsequently apply the notified changes . they should also inform the general public and stakeholders by publishing this information ;


### this directive should not prejudice the right of each member state to decide on the standard time or times for the territories under its jurisdiction and falling under the territorial scope of the treaties , and on further changes thereto . however , in order to ensure that the application of summer - time arrangements by some member states only does not disrupt the functioning of the internal market , member states should refrain from changing the standard time in any given territory under their jurisdiction for reasons related to seasonal changes , be such change presented as a change of time zone . moreover , in order to minimise disruptions , inter alia , to transport , communications and other concerned sectors , they should notify the commission in due time of their intention to change their standard time and subsequently apply the notified changes . the commission should , on the basis of that notification , inform all other member states so that they can take all necessary measures . it should also inform the general public and stakeholders by publishing this information . ### this directive should not prejudice the right of each member state to decide on the standard time or times for the territories under its jurisdiction and falling under the territorial scope of the treaties , and on further changes thereto . however , in order to ensure that the application of summer - time arrangements by some member states only does not disrupt the functioning of the internal market , member states should refrain from changing the standard time in any given territory under their jurisdiction for reasons related to seasonal changes , be such change presented as a change of time zone . moreover , in order to minimise disruptions , inter alia , to the internal market , the energy sector , transport , communications and other concerned sectors , they should notify the commission and all other member states in due time of their intention to change their standard time and subsequently apply the notified changes . the commission should inform the general public and stakeholders by publishing this information .


### this directive should apply from 1 april 2019 , so that the last summer - time period subject to the rules of directive 2000 / 84 / ec should start , in every member state , at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 31 march 2019 . member states that , after that summer - time period , intend to adopt a standard time corresponding to the time applied during the winter season in accordance with directive 2000 / 84 / ec should change their standard time at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 27 october 2019 , so that similar and lasting changes occurring in different member states take place simultaneously . it is desirable that member states take the decisions on the standard time that each of them will apply as from 2019 in a concerted manner . ### this directive should apply from 1 april 2020 , so that the last summer - time period subject to the rules of directive 2000 / 84 / ec should start , in every member state , at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 29 march 2020 . member states that , after that summer - time period , intend to adopt a standard time corresponding to the time applied during the winter season in accordance with directive 2000 / 84 / ec should change their standard time at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 25 october 2020 , so that similar and lasting changes occurring in different member states take place simultaneously . it is desirable that member states take the decisions on the standard time that each of them will apply as from 2020 in a concerted manner .


### market surveillance authorities shall require economic operators to make the documentation and information available as they consider necessary for the purpose of carrying out their activities . ### market surveillance authorities shall require economic operators to make the documentation and information available as they consider necessary for the purpose of carrying out their activities , including access to software , algorithms , engine control units and any other technical specifications necessary .


### the commission shall organise and carry out , or require to be carried out , on an adequate scale , tests and inspections of vehicles , systems , components and separate technical units already made available on the market , with a view to verifying that those vehicles , systems , components and separate technical units conform to the type approvals and to applicable legislation as well as to ensure the correctness of the type approvals . ### the commission , through the joint research centre , shall organise and carry out , or require to be carried out , on an adequate scale , independent tests and inspections of vehicles , systems , components and separate technical units already made available on the market , with a view to verifying that those vehicles , systems , components and separate technical units conform to the type approvals and to applicable legislation as well as to ensure the correctness of the type approvals .


### manufacturers holding type - approvals or the economic operators shall , upon request , supply to the commission a statistically relevant number of production vehicles , systems , components and separate technical units selected by the commission that are representative for the vehicles , systems , components and separate technical units available for placing on the market under that type - approval . those vehicles , systems , components and separate technical units shall be supplied for testing at the time and place and for the period the commission may require . ### manufacturers holding type - approvals or other economic operators shall , upon request , supply to the commission a statistically relevant number of production vehicles , systems , components and separate technical units selected by the commission that are representative for the vehicles , systems , components and separate technical units available for placing on the market under that type - approval . those vehicles , systems , components and separate technical units shall be supplied for testing at the time and place and for the period the commission may require .


### where the commission establishes that the vehicles tested or inspected do not comply with the type - approval requirements laid down in this regulation or any of the regulatory acts listed in annex iv or that the type approval has been granted on the basis of incorrect data , it shall require in accordance with article 54 without delay the economic operator concerned to take all appropriate corrective measures to bring the vehicles in compliance with those requirements , or it shall take restrictive measures , either by requiring the economic operator to withdraw the vehicles concerned from the market , or to recall them within a reasonable period of time , depending on the seriousness of the established non - compliance . ### where the commission establishes that the vehicles , components and separate technical units tested or inspected do not comply with the type - approval requirements laid down in this regulation or any of the regulatory acts listed in annex iv or that the type approval has been granted on the basis of incorrect data , it shall require in accordance with article 54 without delay the economic operator concerned to take all appropriate corrective measures to bring the vehicles , components and separate technical units in compliance with those requirements , or it shall take restrictive measures , either by requiring the economic operator to withdraw the vehicles , components and separate technical units concerned from the market , or to recall them within a reasonable period of time , depending on the seriousness of the established non - compliance .


### the approval authority and technical services shall have access to the software and algorithms of the vehicle . ### the approval authority , technical services and the joint research centre shall have access to the software and algorithms of the vehicle .


### the required tests shall be performed on those vehicles , systems , components and separate technical units that are representative of the type to be approved . ### the required tests shall be performed on those vehicles , systems , components and separate technical units that are representative of the type to be approved ; when performing the tests of the whole vehicle type - approval , the authorities shall ensure that the vehicles selected for testing will not lead to the results that are systematically divergent from the performance when those vehicles are operated under conditions that may reasonably be expected to be encountered in normal operation and use .


### the type approval authority designated by the member state in accordance with article 7 , hereinafter referred to as the ' type - approval authority ' , shall be responsible for the assessment , designation , notification and the monitoring of technical services , including , where appropriate , the subcontractors or subsidiaries of those technical services . ### the type approval authority designated by the member state in accordance with article 7 , hereinafter referred to as the ' type - approval authority ' , shall be responsible for the assessment , designation , notification and the monitoring of technical services , including , where appropriate , the subcontractors or subsidiaries of those technical services . member states may assign the assessment and monitoring of these technical services of subcontractors or subsidiaries of those technical services , to a national accreditation body .


### the member states shall draw up the annual plan for the peer - review , ensuring an appropriate rotation in respect of reviewing and reviewed type - approval authorities , and submit it to the commission . ### the member states shall draw up the annual plan for the peer - review , ensuring an appropriate rotation in respect of reviewing and reviewed type - approval authorities , and submit it to the commission . the recurrence of the peer review as well as the composition of the personnel reviewing the type - approval authority may vary depending on the type approvals of vehicle categories or systems , components and separate technical units carried out by the type - approval authority in the individual member state .


### category b : supervision of the tests referred to in this regulation and in the acts listed in annex iv , where those tests are performed in the manufacturer’s facilities or in the facilities of a third party ; ### category b : supervision of the tests referred to in this regulation and in the acts listed in annex iv , where those tests are performed in the facilities of a third party ;


### use of protected content by information society service providers storing and giving access to large amounts of works and other subject - matter uploaded by their users ### use of protected content by information society service providers storing and / or giving access to significant amounts of works and other subject - matter uploaded by their users


### the proper functioning of the internal energy market requires that the energy imported into the union be fully governed by the rules establishing the internal energy market . an internal energy market that does not function properly puts the union in a vulnerable and disadvantageous position with regard to security of energy supply , and undermines its potential benefits to european consumers and industry . ### the proper functioning of the internal energy market requires that the energy imported into the union be fully governed by the rules establishing the internal energy market . transparency and compliance with the eu law represents an important element in ensuring energy stability of the eu . an internal energy market that does not function properly puts the union in a vulnerable and disadvantageous position with regard to security of energy supply , and undermines its potential benefits to european consumers and industry .


### in order to avoid any incompliance with union law and enhance transparency , member states should inform the commission of their intent to enter into negotiations with regard to new intergovernmental agreements or amendments to existing intergovernmental agreements as soon as possible . the commission should be kept informed regularly of the progress of the negotiations . member states should have the possibility to invite the commission to participate in the negotiations as an observer . ### in order to avoid any incompliance with union law and provisions on energy security of the eu , and to enhance transparency , member states should inform the commission of their intent to enter into negotiations with regard to new intergovernmental agreements or amendments to existing intergovernmental agreements as soon as possible . the commission should be kept informed regularly and adequately of the progress of the negotiations . member states should have the possibility to invite the commission to participate in the negotiations as an observer .


### during the negotiations the commission should have the possibility to advice on how to avoid incompatibility with union law . in particular , the commission could develop , together with member states , optional model clauses or guidelines . the commission should have the possibility to draw attention to the union’s energy policy objectives and the principle of solidarity between member states and union policy positions adopted in council or european council conclusions . ### during the negotiations the commission should have the possibility to advice on how to avoid incompatibility with union law . in particular , the commission should develop , together with member states , optional model clauses and guidelines . the commission should have the possibility to draw attention to the union’s energy policy objectives and the principle of solidarity between member states and union policy positions adopted in council or european council conclusions .


### in order to ensure compliance with union law , member states should notify the draft intergovernmental agreement to the commission before it becomes legally binding for the parties . in a spirit of cooperation , the commission should support the member state in identifying compliance issues of the draft intergovernmental agreement or amendment . the respective member state would then be better prepared to conclude a union law compliant agreement . the commission should have sufficient time for such an assessment in order to provide for as much legal certainty as possible while avoiding undue delays . in order to fully benefit from the commission ' s support member states should refrain from concluding an intergovernmental agreement until the commission has informed the member state of its assessment . the member states should take all necessary steps to find a suitable solution to eliminate the incompatibility identified . ### in order to ensure compliance with union law and provisions on energy security of the eu , member states should notify the draft intergovernmental agreement to the commission before it becomes legally binding for the parties . in a spirit of cooperation , the commission should support the member state in identifying compliance issues of the draft intergovernmental agreement or amendment . the respective member state would then be better prepared to conclude a union law compliant agreement . the commission should have sufficient time for such an assessment in order to provide for as much legal certainty . the commission should avoid undue delays that can have a negative effect on the negotiating position of the member state . in order to fully benefit from the commission ' s support member states should refrain from concluding an intergovernmental agreement until the commission has informed the member state of its assessment . the member states should take all necessary steps to find a suitable solution to eliminate the incompatibility identified .


### in light of the energy union strategy , transparency with regard to past and future intergovernmental agreements continues to be of upmost importance . therefore , member states should continue notifying to the commission existing and future intergovernmental agreements , whether they have entered into force or are being applied provisionally within the meaning of article 25 of the vienna convention on the law of treaties , and new intergovernmental agreements . ### in light of the energy union strategy , transparency with regard to past and future intergovernmental agreements continues to be of upmost importance and is an important element in ensuring energy stability of the eu . therefore , member states should continue notifying to the commission existing and future intergovernmental agreements , whether they have entered into force or are being applied provisionally within the meaning of article 25 of the vienna convention on the law of treaties , and new intergovernmental agreements .


### this decision should only apply to intergovernmental agreements that have an impact on the internal energy market or the security of energy supply in the union . in case of doubt , member states should consult the commission . in principle , agreements that are no longer in force or are no longer applied do not have an impact on the internal energy market or on the security of energy supply in the union and should therefore not be covered by this decision . ### this decision should only apply to intergovernmental agreements that have an impact on the internal energy market or the security of energy supply in the union and in transiting countries . in case of doubt , member states should consult the commission . in principle , agreements that are no longer in force or are no longer applied do not have an impact on the internal energy market or on the security of energy supply in the union and should therefore not be covered by this decision .


### where a member state gives the commission notice of negotiations pursuant to article 3 , the commission services may provide it with advice on how to avoid the incompatibility of the intergovernmental agreement or of the amendment to an existing intergovernmental agreement under negotiation with union law . that member state may also request the assistance of the commission in those negotiations . ### where a member state gives the commission notice of negotiations pursuant to article 3 , the commission services may provide it with advice and guidelines on how to avoid the incompatibility of the intergovernmental agreement or of the amendment to an existing intergovernmental agreement under negotiation with union law . that member state may also request the assistance of the commission in those negotiations .


### where the commission participates in the negotiations as an observer , it may provide the member state concerned with advice on how to avoid the incompatibility of the intergovernmental agreement or amendment under negotiation with union law . ### where the commission participates in the negotiations as an observer , it may provide the member state concerned with advice and guidelines on how to avoid the incompatibility of the intergovernmental agreement or amendment under negotiation with union law .


### on the basis of best practices and in consultation with member states , developing optional model clauses , which , if applied , would significantly improve compliance of future intergovernmental agreements and non - binding instruments with union law ; ### on the basis of best practices and in consultation with member states , developing optional model clauses and guidelines , which , if applied , would significantly improve compliance of future intergovernmental agreements and non - binding instruments with union law ;


### by providing for a period of supplementary protection of up to five years , regulation no 469 / 2009 seeks to promote , within the union , the research and innovation that is necessary to develop medicinal products , and to contribute to preventing the relocation of pharmaceutical research outside the union to countries that may offer greater protection . ### by providing for a period of supplementary protection of up to five years , regulation no 469 / 2009 seeks to provide a solution at union level to prevent national legislation creating new disparities , which could hinder the free movement of medicines within the internal market while promoting , within the union , the research and innovation that is necessary to develop newer generation medicinal products that support the treatment of new diseases or offer better therapeutic effects , and contributing to preventing the relocation of pharmaceutical research outside the union to countries that may offer greater protection .


### the exception should not cover placing the product made for the exclusive purpose of export on the market in the member state where a supplementary protection certificate is in force , either directly or indirectly after export , nor should it cover re - importation of the product to the market of a member state in which a certificate is in force . moreover , it should not cover any act or activity for the purpose of import of medicinal products , or parts of medicinal products , into the union merely for the purposes of repackaging and re - exporting . ### the exception should not cover placing a medicinal product made for the exclusive purpose of export or day - 1 entry on the market in the member state where a supplementary protection certificate is in force , either directly or indirectly after export nor should it cover re - importation of the medicinal product to the market of a member state in which a certificate is in force . moreover , it should not cover any act or activity for the purpose of import of medicinal products , or parts of medicinal products , into the union merely for the purposes of repackaging and re - exporting , i . e . their re - export from third countries to the union .


### the notification sent to an authority as referred to in article 4 shall be published by that authority within 15 days of receipt of the notification . ; ’ ### the notification sent to the spc holder as referred to in point of article 4 shall be treated as strictly confidential by the holder of the certificate and shall not be used by the holder of the certificate for any other purpose than ensuring that the maker has complied with the scope and conditions of the exception ; the authority referred to in article 9 shall keep the notification referred to in point of article 4 and the information listed in paragraph 3 confidential and shall take appropriate measures to preserve such confidentiality . the authority shall only disclose the notification and the information it contains if such disclosure is ordered by a court having competence under national law to hear an infringement action based on the certificate . a court shall only order such disclose if at least the following conditions are met : the person requesting the disclosure is the holder of the certificate the maker is given the opportunity to attend the proceedings and to be heard before the court ; the holder of the certificate has provided evidence rendering plausible that the maker did not comply with the conditions set out in article 4 ; the holder of the certificate and the court have taken appropriate measures to keep the notification and the information it contains confidential and avoid their disclosure to third parties ;


### on establishing a european platform to enhance cooperation in the prevention and deterrence of undeclared work ### on establishing a european platform to enhance cooperation in the prevention and deterrence of undeclared work and in the regularisation of jobs


### decision of the european parliament and of the council on establishing a european platform to enhance cooperation in the prevention and deterrence of undeclared work ### decision of the european parliament and of the council on establishing a european platform to enhance cooperation in tackling undeclared work


### the european parliament in its resolution on ' effective labour inspections as a strategy to improve working conditions in europe ' welcomed the commission ' s initiative to create a european platform and called for enhanced cooperation at eu level to fight undeclared work1 . __________________ 1 european parliament resolution of 14 january 2014 on effective labour inspections as a strategy to improve working conditions in europe http : / / www . europarl . europa . eu / oeil / popups / ficheprocedure . do ? lang=en&amp ; reference=2013 / 2112 ### the european parliament in its resolution on effective labour inspections as a strategy to improve working conditions in europe welcomed the commission ' s initiative to create a european platform and called for enhanced cooperation at eu level to tackle undeclared work1 leading to unfair competition which distorts the market . __________________ 1 ta 0012 .


### the european parliament in its resolution on ' effective labour inspections as a strategy to improve working conditions in europe ' welcomed the commission ' s initiative to create a european platform and called for enhanced cooperation at eu level to fight undeclared work . 1 ____________________________________________________27 european parliament resolution of 14 january 2014 on effective labour inspections as a strategy to improve working conditions in europe http : / / www . europarl . europa . eu / oeil / popups / ficheprocedure . do ? lang=en&amp ; reference=2013 / 2112 ### the european parliament in its resolution on ‘ effective labour inspections as a strategy to improve working conditions in europe’ welcomed the commission’s initiative to create a european platform and called for enhanced cooperation at union level to tackle undeclared workwhich is damaging the european economy , leading to unfair competition and market distortions , endangering the financial sustainability of the european social models and resulting in an increasing lack of social and employment protection for workers . to this end the european platform should enhance the exchange of experiences and good practices , provide up - to - date , objective , reliable and comparative information , enhance cross - border cooperation and identify and keep a record of letter - box companies and similar operations . ____________________________________________________27 european parliament resolution of 14 january 2014 on effective labour inspections as a strategy to improve working conditions in europe http : / / www . europarl . europa . eu / oeil / popups / ficheprocedure . do ? lang=en&amp ; reference=2013 / 2112


### the abuse of the status of self - employed , either at national level or in cross - border situations , is frequently associated with undeclared work . bogus self - employment occurs when a person is declared as self - employed while fulfilling the conditions characteristic of an employment relationship , in order to avoid certain legal or fiscal obligations . bogus self - employment is , therefore , falsely declared work and should come under the scope of the platform . ### in addition to undeclared work , the platform should deal with falsely declared work . that concept refers to paid activities that are lawful as regards their nature , but are not declared correctly to public authorities . a form of falsely declared work is the abuse of the status of self - employed , either at national level or in cross - border situations . bogus self - employment occurs when a person is declared as self - employed while fulfilling the conditions characteristic of an employment relationship , in order to avoid certain legal or fiscal obligations . bogus self - employment is , therefore , falsely declared work and should be included in the scope of the platform . the increasing phenomenon of non - declaration of posting of workers in the eu , falsely self - employed or not , needs to be tackled in the platform and main fraud risks identified .


### the abuse of the status of self - employed , either at national level or in cross - border situations , is frequently associated with undeclared work . bogus self - employment occurs when a person is declared as self - employed while fulfilling the conditions characteristic of an employment relationship , in order to avoid certain legal or fiscal obligations . bogus self - employment is , therefore , falsely declared work and should come under the scope of the platform . ### in addition to undeclared work , the platform should deal with falsely declared work , which refers to paid activities that are lawful as regards their nature , but are not declared correctly to public authorities . a specific form of falsely declared work is the abuse of the status of self - employed , either at national level or in cross - border situations . bogus self - employment occurs when a person is declared as self - employed while fulfilling the conditions characteristic of an employment relationship , in order to avoid certain legal or fiscal obligations . bogus self - employment is , therefore , falsely declared work and should come under the scope of the platform . the increasing phenomenon of non - declaration and false declaration of posted workers in the eu should also be tackled .


### the abuse of the status of self - employed , either at national level or in cross - border situations , is frequently associated with undeclared work . bogus self - employment occurs when a person is declared as self - employed while fulfilling the conditions characteristic of an employment relationship , in order to avoid certain legal or fiscal obligations . bogus self - employment is , therefore , falsely declared work and should come under the scope of the platform . ### in addition to undeclared work , the platform should deal with falsely declared work , which refers to paid activities that are lawful as regards their nature , but are not declared correctly to public authorities . a specific form of undeclared work is the abuse of the status of self - employed , either at national level or in cross - border situations . bogus self - employment occurs when a person is declared as self - employed while fulfilling the conditions characteristic of an employment relationship in order to avoid certain legal or fiscal obligations . bogus self - employment is , therefore , falsely declared work . it should be noted , however , that definitions and legislation regarding self - employment vary between member states . bogus self - employment and undeclared work are key activities of the black economy . the increasing phenomena of bogus self - employment and undeclared work should therefore be addressed by the platform and main fraud risks identified .


### eu level cooperation remains far from comprehensive , both in terms of the member states involved and the issues covered . there is a no formal mechanism in place for cross - border cooperation between member states ' relevant authorities to address issues related to undeclared work . ### currently close and effective cooperation at the eu level remains far from comprehensive , both in terms of the member states involved and the issues covered . there is no formal mechanism in place for cross - border cooperation between member states ' relevant authorities to address issues related to undeclared work . the work of the platform should draw on the work done by other bodies and make use of the internal market information system where possible . furthermore , it should take account of the differences regarding national legislation related to undeclared work and encourage , where necessary , the provision of adequate resources for labour inspections to improve cross - border enforcement .


### the platform should make use of all relevant sources of information , in particular studies , bilateral agreements concluded between member states and multilateral cooperation projects and create synergies between existing eu level instruments and structures to maximise the deterrent or preventive effect of these measures . the operational coordination of actions of the member states could take the form of joint trainings , peer reviews and solutions for data sharing . european campaigns or common strategies could increase the awareness of undeclared work . ### the platform should make use of all relevant sources of information , in particular studies , bilateral agreements concluded between member states , multilateral cooperation projects and reports on the implementation of union law in the area of undeclared work and create synergies between existing eu level instruments and structures to maximise the deterrent or preventive effect of these measures . the operational coordination of actions of the member states could take the form of joint trainings , peer reviews and solutions for data sharing in compliance with data protection rules , using , where appropriate , the internal market information system and the electronic exchange of social security information . the platform could also promote joint investigations by member states , in particular in cross - border cases . member states should be able to comply with recommendations by the platform on a voluntary basis .


### three different national enforcement authorities are mainly involved with undeclared work : labour inspectorates , social security inspectorates and tax authorities . in some cases , migration authorities and employment services as well as customs authorities , the police , the public prosecutor ' s office and the social partners are also involved . ### often several different national enforcement authorities are mainly involved with curbing undeclared work : including labour inspectorates , social security inspectorates , health and safety inspectorates and tax authorities . in some cases , migration authorities and employment services as well as customs authorities , the police , the public prosecutor ' s office and the social partners are also involved . together with better enforcement of existing legislation , the authorities concerned should increasingly put in place incentives enabling the regularisation of jobs .


### three different national enforcement authorities are mainly involved with undeclared work : labour inspectorates , social security inspectorates and tax authorities . in some cases , migration authorities and employment services as well as customs authorities , the police , the public prosecutor ' s office and the social partners are also involved . ### often several different national enforcement bodies and actors are involved with tackling undeclared work , including labour inspectorates , social security inspectorates and social security institutions , health and safety inspectorates and tax authorities . in some cases migration authorities and employment services as well as customs authorities , the police , the public prosecutor’s office and the social partners are also involved .


### the platform should involve the social partners at eu level , both cross - industry and in those sectors more severely affected by undeclared work , and cooperate with relevant international organisations , such as the international labour organisation , and union decentralised agencies , in particular eurofound and european agency for safety and health at work . the involvement of eurofound and european agency for safety and health at work in the work of the platform as observers will not extend their existing mandates . ### the platform should involve the social partners at eu level , both cross - industry and in those sectors that are either severely affected by undeclared work or have a particular role in the tackling of undeclared work , and cooperate with relevant international organisations , such as the international labour organisation , and the organisation for economic cooperation and development , and union decentralised agencies .


### the platform will cooperate with the eu level relevant expert groups and committees whose work has links with undeclared work . ### the platform should cooperate with relevant expert groups , committees and stakeholders whose activities have links with tackling undeclared work .


### the platform shall be composed of : national enforcement authorities as nominated by all the member states , the commission . ### the platform shall be composed of : one senior representative nominated by each member state , representing national enforcement bodies and / or other actors involved in the tackling of undeclared work , with a mandate to participate in all activities related to the platform on behalf of the member state , the commission ,


### the following may attend the meetings of the platform as observers under the conditions set in its rules of procedure : ### the following stakeholders should be actively involved in the meetings of the platform as observers and their contributions shall be taken into due consideration under the conditions set in its rules of procedure :


### the platform , as set out in article 1 , shall contribute to better enforcement of eu and national law , to the reduction of undeclared work and the emergence of formal jobs , hence avoiding the deterioration of quality of work , and to promote integration in the labour market and social inclusion by : ### the platform , as set out in article 1 , shall contribute to better enforcement of eu and national law , to the reduction of undeclared work and the emergence of formal jobs , to improve the transition from the informal to the formal economy , hence avoiding the deterioration of quality of work , and to promote integration in the labour market , gender equality , equal opportunities and social inclusion by :


### in carrying out its tasks , the platform will make use of all relevant sources of information , including studies and multilateral cooperation projects and take into account relevant union instruments and structures , as well the experience of relevant bilateral agreements . it will establish appropriate cooperation with eurofound and eu - osha . ### in carrying out its tasks , the platform shall take account of gender mainstreaming and shall make use of all relevant sources of information , including studies and multilateral cooperation projects and take into account relevant union instruments and structures , as well as the experience of relevant bilateral agreements . it shall establish appropriate cooperation with eurofound , particularly with regard to the development of an interactive knowledge bank as an additional task of the agency , eu - osha and eige .


### examine ways to improve data sharing in compliance with the union data protection rules , including exploring possibilities to use of the internal market information system and the electronic exchange of social security information . ### examine and propose ways to develop a reliable and efficient system of rapid information exchange and improve data sharing in compliance with the union data protection rules , including exploring possibilities to make use of the internal market information system established by regulation no 1024 / 2012 of the european parliament and of the council1a and the electronic exchange of social security information , ________________ 1a regulation no 1024 / 2012 of the european parliament and of the council of 25 october 2012 on administrative cooperation through the internal market information system and repealing commission decision 2008 / 49 / ec


### in carrying out its tasks , the platform will make use of all relevant sources of information , including studies and multilateral cooperation projects and take into account relevant union instruments and structures , as well the experience of relevant bilateral agreements . it will establish appropriate cooperation with eurofound and eu - osha . ### in carrying out its tasks , the platform shall make use of all relevant sources of information , including studies and multilateral cooperation projects and take into account relevant union instruments and structures , as well the experience of relevant bilateral agreements . it shall establish appropriate cooperation with eurofound , particularly with regard to the development of an interactive knowledge bank , and eu - osha .


### improve the knowledge of undeclared work by means of common concepts , measurement tools and promotion of joint comparative analysis and related relevant indicators , ### improve the knowledge of undeclared work and the regularisation of jobs by means of common concepts and contractual arrangements that have been tried and tested in member states and produced good results , converting these into good common practices , as in the case of ' realignment ' and ' graduality ' contracts , and applying these first to certain sectors and then to others in order to restore legality , while simultaneously granting significant tax and contributions incentives to companies willing to apply these practices , and by measurement tools and the promotion of joint comparative analysis and related relevant indicators ,


### in carrying out its tasks , the platform will make use of all relevant sources of information , including studies and multilateral cooperation projects and take into account relevant union instruments and structures , as well the experience of relevant bilateral agreements . it will establish appropriate cooperation with eurofound and eu - osha . ### in carrying out its tasks , the platform shall make use of all relevant sources of information , including studies and multilateral cooperation projects and take into account relevant union instruments and structures , as well the experience of relevant bilateral agreements . it shall establish appropriate cooperation with eurofound , particularly with regard to the development of an interactive knowledge bank as an additional task of the agency , as well as with eu - osha .


### tasks for the execution of its mission , the platform shall in particular carry out the following tasks : improve the knowledge of undeclared work by means of common concepts , measurement tools and promotion of joint comparative analysis and related relevant indicators , develop the analysis of effectiveness of different policy measures in curbing the incidence of undeclared work , including preventive and punitive as well as deterrence measures in general , establish tools , for instance a knowledge bank of different practices / measures , including bilateral agreements used in the member states to deter and prevent undeclared work , adopt non - binding guidelines for inspectors , handbooks of good practice and common principles of inspections to tackle undeclared work , develop forms of cooperation increasing the technical capacity to tackle cross - border aspects of undeclared work by adopting a common framework for joint operations for inspections and exchange of staff , examine ways to improve data sharing in compliance with the union data protection rules , including exploring possibilities to use of the internal market information system and the electronic exchange of social security information . develop permanent training capacity for enforcement authorities and adopt a common framework for carrying out joint trainings , organise peer reviews to follow member states progress when fighting undeclared work , including support for the implementation of country - specific recommendations related to fight or prevent undeclared work issued by the council . increase awareness of the problem by carrying out common activities such as european campaigns and adopting regional or eu wide strategies , including sectoral approaches . in carrying out its tasks , the platform will make use of all relevant sources of information , including studies and multilateral cooperation projects and take into account relevant union instruments and structures , as well the experience of relevant bilateral agreements . it will establish appropriate cooperation with eurofound and eu - osha . ### tasks for the execution of its mission , the platform shall in particular carry out the following tasks : improve the knowledge of all forms of undeclared work , also with regard to causes and regional differences , by means of common concepts , including comprehensive definitions of existing and new forms of undeclared work , indicators and methodologies for data collection , measurement tools and promotion of joint comparative analysis and research , improve the knowledge and mutual understanding of different national labour inspection systems and practices to tackle undeclared work , the consequences of undeclared work , including cross - border undeclared work , with regard to unfair competition and market distortions , as well as the precarious working conditions endured by persons in undeclared work , analyse the effectiveness and consequences of different policy measures , such as prevention and deterrence as well as enabling measures encouraging and promoting declared work , in curbing the incidence of undeclared work , establish efficient tools , for instance an interactive knowledge bank of different practices / measures based on the application in different labour market models , including bilateral and multilateral agreements used in the member states , to tackle undeclared work , develop guidelines for enforcement , handbooks of good practice and common principles of inspections to tackle undeclared work and monitor progress made on the implementation of guidelines , develop close cooperation in order to improve the capability of national labour inspection systems regarding controls and tackling cross - border aspects of undeclared work by means of actions such as joint operations , relevant databases and staff exchanges , draw up and publish information to facilitate the activities of national labour inspection systems , develop a reliable and efficient system of rapid information exchange and improve data sharing in compliance with the union data protection rules , including exploring possibilities to make use of the internal market information system established by regulation no 1024 / 2012 of the european parliament and of the council1a and the electronic exchange of social security information , contribute to the identification of areas related to undeclared work where union legislation is not achieving its intended objectives . develop and improve the permanent training capacity for enforcement authorities and adopt a common framework for carrying out joint trainings . put forward suggestions to the commission , the european parliament and the council for inclusion in the country - specific recommendations of appropriate action addressing the particular aspects of tackling undeclared work as well as the effects of non - action in the member states concerned . organise peer reviews to follow member states progress when fighting undeclared work , including support for the implementation of country - specific recommendations related to fight or prevent undeclared work issued by the council and promote appropriate action , give opinions and suggestions to the commission , the european parliament or the council on issues relating to better regulation and the enforcement of union legislation on working conditions and social protection in member states related to the tackling of undeclared work as well as relating to the effects of non - action , encourage active cooperation between the enforcement authorities of member states and non - eu countries , where relevant , in order to resolve problems related to undeclared work involving these countries , increase awareness of the problem by carrying out common activities such as european campaigns and adopting regional or eu wide strategies , including sectoral approaches . encourage national authorities and other bodies to provide counselling and information for workers victimised by practices of undeclared work , in carrying out its tasks , the platform shall make use of all relevant sources of information , including studies and multilateral cooperation projects and take into account relevant union instruments and structures , as well the experience of relevant bilateral agreements . the platform shall establish appropriate cooperation with eurofound as well as with eu - osha . 1a regulation no 1024 / 2012 of the european parliament and of the council of 25 october 2012 on administrative cooperation through the internal market information system and repealing commission decision 2008 / 49 / ec


### the rules of procedure , containing , inter alia , the decision - making arrangements of the platform , ### adopt the rules of procedure , containing , inter alia , the decision - making arrangements of the platform ,


### the establishment of working groups to examine issues specified in work programmes of the platform . such working groups shall be dissolved as soon as their mandates are fulfilled . ### adopt the establishment of working groups to examine issues specified in work programmes of the platform . such working groups shall be chaired by a member of the platform and shall be dissolved as soon as their mandates are fulfilled .


### the platform shall be assisted by a secretariat provided by the commission . the secretariat shall prepare the meetings , the work programmes of the platform and its reports . ### the platform and the board of the platform shall be assisted by a secretariat provided by the commission . the secretariat shall prepare the meetings , the draft work programmes of the platform and its draft reports in close cooperation with and under the supervision of the board of the platform .


### operation the commission shall coordinate the work of the platform and chair its meetings . for the execution of its mission , the platform shall adopt by majority decision : the rules of procedure , containing , inter alia , the decision - making arrangements of the platform , a two - year work programme of the platform setting out , inter alia , its detailed tasks and regular reports of the platform in every two years , the establishment of working groups to examine issues specified in work programmes of the platform . such working groups shall be dissolved as soon as their mandates are fulfilled . experts with specific competence in a subject under discussion may be invited on a case - by - case basis to participate in the platform ' s or working group ' s deliberations if this is useful and / or necessary . the platform shall be assisted by a secretariat provided by the commission . the secretariat shall prepare the meetings , the work programmes of the platform and its reports . the commission shall inform regularly the european parliament and the council about the activities of the platform . ### operation the commission shall coordinate the work of the platform and the commission representative to the platform shall co - chair its meetings . the members of the platform shall elect from among their number another co - chair of equal standing as well as two substitutes . the co - chairs and the substitutes form the bureau of the platform . the platform is to meet at least twice a year . for the execution of its mission , the platform shall adopt by majority decision : the rules of procedure , containing , inter alia , the decision - making arrangements of the platform , an annual as well as a multiannual work programme of the platform setting out , inter alia , the detailed tasks of the platform and taking into account the activities undertaken in the previous year , the establishment of working groups to examine issues specified in work programmes of the platform . such working groups shall be chaired by a member of the platform and shall be dissolved as soon as their mandates are fulfilled ; an annual report on its activities experts with specific competence in a subject under discussion may be invited by the bureau on a case - by - case basis to participate in the platform ' s or working group ' s deliberations if this is considered useful and / or necessary . the platform shall be assisted by a secretariat provided by the commission . the secretariat shall prepare the meetings , the draft work programmes of the platform and its draft reports in close cooperation with and under the supervision of the bureau . it shall also follow up on recommendations of the platform . the platform shall transmit to the commission the work programmes referred to in paragraph 2 and the report referred to in paragraph 2 . the commission shall forward the work programmes and reports to the european parliament , the council , the european economic and social committee and the committee of the regions .


### the platform shall work , as appropriate , in cooperation with other relevant union level expert groups and committees , whose work has a link with undeclared work , in particular the senior labour inspectors committee , the expert committee on posting of workers , the administrative commission for social security coordination , the employment committee , the social protection committee and the working group on administrative cooperation in the field of taxation . joint meetings may also be organised . ### the platform shall work , as appropriate , in cooperation with other relevant union level expert groups and committees , whose work has a link with undeclared work , in particular the senior labour inspectors committee , the expert committee on posting of workers , the administrative commission for social security coordination , the h5ncp eu platform , the employment committee , the social protection committee and the working group on administrative cooperation in the field of taxation . joint meetings may also be organised .


### cooperation the platform shall work , as appropriate , in cooperation with other relevant union level expert groups and committees , whose work has a link with undeclared work , in particular the senior labour inspectors committee , the expert committee on posting of workers , the administrative commission for social security coordination , the employment committee , the social protection committee and the working group on administrative cooperation in the field of taxation . joint meetings may also be organised . ### cooperation the platform shall work , as appropriate , in cooperation with other relevant union level expert groups and committees , whose work has a link with undeclared work , in particular the senior labour inspectors committee , the expert committee on posting of workers , the administrative commission for social security coordination , the h5ncp eu platform , the employment committee , the social protection committee and the working group on administrative cooperation in the field of taxation . in the interest of more efficient working and enhanced impact , joint meetings may be organised , the minutes of which shall be forwarded to the european parliament and the council within a reasonable time . any duplication with work done by other bodies at union level is to be avoided . to this end transparency and the sharing of information is essential .


### review four years after its entry into force , the commission shall submit a report on the application of this decision to the european parliament , the council , the european economic and social committee and the committee of the regions . the report shall in particular assess to what extent the platform has contributed to the achievement of the objectives set out in article 2 and fulfilled the tasks as set out in article 3 and in work programmes of the platform . ### review four years after its entry into force , the commission shall submit a report , after consultation with the platform , on the application and the added value of this decision to the european parliament , the council , the european economic and social committee and the committee of the regions . the report shall in particular assess to what extent the platform has contributed to the achievement of the objectives set out in article 2 , fulfilled its mission as set out in article 3 , carried out the tasks as set out in article 4 and addressed the priorities set out in the work programmes of the platform . it shall also identify shortcomings and put forward respective proposals on the functioning of the platform if deemed appropriate .


### to foster all forms of innovation , including breakthrough innovation , and strengthen market deployment of innovative solutions ; ### to foster all forms of innovation , including breakthrough innovation , and strengthen market deployment of innovative solutions consistent with the aims of sustainable development ;


### the commission shall , upon request , provide information and assistance about the european citizens ' initiative to citizens and groups of organisers . ### the commission shall provide information and assistance about the european citizens ' initiative to citizens and groups of organisers .


### the commission shall make available an online register allowing groups of organisers to manage their initiative throughout the procedure . the register shall comprise a public website providing information on the european citizens’ initiative in general as well as on specific initiatives and their respective status . ### the commission shall make available an online register allowing groups of organisers to manage their initiative throughout the procedure . the register shall comprise a public website providing information on the european citizens’ initiative in general , but particularly details regarding every stage of the initiative , specifying what steps to take and the state of play of every initiative , with warnings when a deadline is approaching , as well as on specific initiatives and their respective status .


### after the commission has registered an initiative in accordance with article 6 , it shall provide the translation of the content of that initiative into all the official languages of the union for its publication in the register and its use for the collection of statements of support in accordance with this regulation . a group of organisers may , in addition , provide translations into all the official languages of the union of the annex for its publication in the register and also , as the case may be , of the draft legal act referred to in annex ii and submitted in accordance with article 6 . ### after the commission has registered an initiative in accordance with article 6 , it shall provide the translation of the content of that initiative into all the official languages of the union for its publication in the register and its use for the collection of statements of support in accordance with this regulation . a group of organisers may , in addition , provide translations into all the official languages of the union of the annex for its publication in the register and also of the draft legal act referred to in annex ii and submitted in accordance with article 6 .


### in that case , the group of organisers may either amend the initiative to take into account the commission’s assessment to ensure that the initiative is in conformity with the requirement laid down in paragraph 3 or maintain or withdraw the initial initiative . the group of organisers shall inform the commission of its choice within one month of the receipt of the commission’s assessment giving the reasons thereof , and shall , as the case may be , transmit amendments to the information referred to in annex ii to replace the initial initiative . ### in that case , the group of organisers may either amend the initiative to take into account the commission’s information or even maintain or withdraw the initial initiative . the group of organisers shall inform the commission of its choice within one month of the receipt of the commission’s information giving the reasons thereof , and shall , as the case may be , transmit amendments to the information referred to in annex ii to replace the initial initiative .