### where member states consider , on the basis of the assessment carried out under paragraph 1 , that there is a risk to human health stemming from the domestic distribution system or from the related products and materials , or where monitoring carried out in accordance with paragraph 1 demonstrates that the parametric values set out in annex i , part c , are not met , member states shall : ### where member states consider , on the basis of the assessment carried out under paragraph 1 , that there is a risk to human health stemming from the internal distribution system in priority premises or from the related products and materials , or where monitoring carried out in accordance with paragraph 1 demonstrates that the parametric values set out in annex i , part c , are not met , member states shall take appropriate measures to eliminate or reduce the risk of non - compliance with the parametric values set out in annex i , part c .


### the hazard assessment should be geared towards reducing the level of treatment required for the production of water intended for human consumption , for instance by reducing the pressures causing the pollution of water bodies used for abstraction of water intended for human consumption . to that end , member states should identify hazards and possible pollution sources associated with those water bodies and monitor pollutants which they identify as relevant , for instance because of the hazards identified , because of their natural presence in the abstraction area , or because of information from the water suppliers . those parameters should be used as markers that trigger action by competent authorities to reduce the pressure on the water bodies , such as prevention or mitigating measures , to protect those water bodies and address the pollution source , in cooperation with water suppliers and stakeholders . _________________ 78 directive 2000 / 60 / ec of the european parliament and of the council of 23 october 2000 establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy . ### the risk assessment should be geared towards reducing the level of treatment required for the production of water intended for human consumption , for instance by reducing the pressures causing the pollution of water bodies used for abstraction of water intended for human consumption . to that end , member states should identify risks and possible pollution sources associated with those water bodies and monitor pollutants which they identify as relevant , for instance because of the risks identified , because of their natural presence in the abstraction area , or because of information from the water suppliers . in accordance with directive 2000 / 60 / ec , those parameters should be used as markers that trigger action by competent authorities to reduce the pressure on the water bodies , such as prevention or mitigating measures , to protect those water bodies and address the pollution source , in cooperation with all stakeholders . where a member states finds , via the risk assessment , that a parameter is not present in a given abstraction area , then the member state should inform the relevant water suppliers and may allow them to decrease the monitoring frequency for that parameter , or remove that parameter from the list of parameters to be monitored , without carrying out a supply risk assessment .


### without prejudice to article 9 of directive 2000 / 60 / ec , member states shall take all necessary measures to improve access for all to water intended for human consumption and promote its use on their territory . this shall include all of the following measures : ### without prejudice to article 9 of directive 2000 / 60 / ec , member states shall take all necessary measures to&#160 ; achieve access for all population groups on their territory to water intended for human consumption and promote its use on their territory . this shall include the following measures inter alia :


### the parametric values used to assess the quality of water intended for human consumption are to be complied with at the point where water intended for human consumption is made available to the appropriate user . however , the quality of water intended for human consumption can be influenced by the domestic distribution system . the who notes that , in the union , legionella causes the highest health burden of all waterborne pathogens . it is transmitted by warm water systems through inhalation , for instance during showering . it is therefore clearly linked to the domestic distribution system . since imposing a unilateral obligation to monitor all private and public premises for this pathogen would lead to unreasonably high costs , a domestic distribution risk assessment is therefore more suited to address this issue . in addition , the potential risks stemming from products and materials in contact with water intended for human consumption should also be considered in the domestic distribution risk assessment . the domestic distribution risk assessment should therefore include , inter alia , focusing monitoring on priority premises , assessing the risks stemming from the domestic distribution system and related products and materials , and verifying the performance of construction products in contact with water intended for human consumption on the basis of their declaration of performance in accordance with regulation no 305 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council79 . the information referred to in articles 31 and 33 of regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council80 is also to be supplied together with the declaration of performance . on the basis of this assessment , member states should take all necessary measures to ensure , inter alia , that appropriate control and management measures are in place , in line with the guidance of the who81 , and that the migration from construction products does not endanger human health . however , without prejudice to regulation no 305 / 2011 , where these measures would imply limits to the free movement of products and materials in the union , these limits need to be duly justified and strictly proportionate , and not constitute a means of arbitrary discrimination or a disguised restriction on trade between member states . __________________ 79 regulation no 305 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89 / 106 / eec . 80 regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council of 18 december 2006 concerning the registration , evaluation , authorisation and restriction of chemicals , establishing a european chemicals agency , amending directive 1999 / 45 / ec and repealing council regulation no 793 / 93 and commission regulation no 1488 / 94 as well as council directive 76 / 769 / eec and commission directives 91 / 155 / eec , 93 / 67 / eec , 93 / 105 / ec and 2000 / 21 / ec . 81 ' legionella and the prevention of legionellosis ' , world health organisation , 2007 , http : / / www . who . int / water_sanitation_health / emerging / legionella . pdf ### the parametric values used to assess the quality of water intended for human consumption are to be complied with at the point where water intended for human consumption is made available to the appropriate user . however , the quality of water intended for human consumption can be influenced by the domestic distribution system . the who notes that , in the union , legionella causes the highest health burden of all waterborne pathogens , in particular legionella pneumophila , which accounts for most cases of legionnaires’ disease in the union . it is transmitted by warm water systems through inhalation , for instance during showering . it is therefore clearly linked to the internal distribution system . since imposing a unilateral obligation to monitor all private and public premises for this pathogen would lead to unreasonably high costs and would contravene the subsidiarity principle , an internal distribution risk assessment is therefore more suited to address this issue , in particular on priority premises accessed by large numbers of people or vulnerable groups . in addition , the potential risks stemming from products and materials in contact with water intended for human consumption should also be considered in the internal distribution risk assessment . the internal distribution risk assessment should therefore include , inter alia , focusing monitoring on priority premises , assessing the risks stemming from the internal distribution system and related products and materials in contact with water . the information referred to in articles 31 and 33 of regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council80 is also to be supplied together with the declaration of performance . on the basis of this assessment , member states should take all necessary measures to ensure , inter alia , that appropriate control and management measures are in place on priority premises , in line with the guidance of the who81 , and that the migration from substances and materials in contact with water does not endanger human health . __________________ 80 regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council of 18 december 2006 concerning the registration , evaluation , authorisation and restriction of chemicals , establishing a european chemicals agency , amending directive 1999 / 45 / ec and repealing council regulation no 793 / 93 and commission regulation no 1488 / 94 as well as council directive 76 / 769 / eec and commission directives 91 / 155 / eec , 93 / 67 / eec , 93 / 105 / ec and 2000 / 21 / ec . 81 ' legionella and the prevention of legionellosis ' , world health organisation , 2007 , http : / / www . who . int / water_sanitation_health / emerging / legionella . pdf


### pursuant to paragraph 22 of the interinstitutional agreement on better law - making , the commission should carry out an evaluation of this directive within a certain period of time from the date set for its transposition . that evaluation should be based on experience gathered and data collected during the implementation of the directive , on relevant scientific , analytical , epidemiological data , and on any available who recommendations . ### pursuant to paragraph 22 of the interinstitutional agreement on better law - making , the commission should carry out an evaluation of this directive within a certain period of time from the date set for its transposition . that evaluation should be based on experience gathered and data collected during the implementation of the directive , on any available who recommendations , and on relevant scientific , analytical and epidemiological data .


### this directive concerns the quality of water intended for human consumption . ### this directive concerns the quality of water intended for human consumption for all in the eu .


### an assessment of the potential risks associated with the domestic distribution systems , and with the related products and materials , and whether they affect the quality of water at the point where it emerges from the taps normally used for human consumption , in particular where water is supplied to the public in priority premises ; ### an assessment of the potential risks associated with the internal distribution systems , and with the related products and materials , and whether they affect the quality of water at the point where it emerges from the taps normally used for human consumption ;


### in order to adapt this directive to scientific and technical progress or to specify monitoring requirements for the purposes of the hazard and domestic distribution risk assessments , the power to adopt acts in accordance with article 290 of the treaty should be delegated to the commission to amend annexes i to iv to this directive . it is of particular importance that the commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work , including at expert level , and that those consultations be conducted in accordance with the principles laid down in the interinstitutional agreement of 13 april 2016 on better law - making . in particular , to ensure equal participation in the preparation of delegated acts , the european parliament and the council receive all documents at the same time as member states ' experts , and their experts systematically have access to meetings of commission expert groups dealing with the preparation of delegated acts . in addition , the empowerment laid down in annex i , part c , note 10 , of directive 98 / 83 / ec , to set monitoring frequencies and monitoring methods for radioactive substances has become obsolete due to the adoption of council directive 2013 / 51 / euratom96 and should therefore be deleted . the empowerment laid down in the second subparagraph of part a of annex iii to directive 98 / 83 / ec concerning amendments of the directive is no longer necessary and should be deleted . _________________ 96 council directive 2013 / 51 / euratom of 22 october 2013 laying down requirements for the protection of the health of the general public with regard to radioactive substances in water intended for human consumption . ### in order to adapt this directive to scientific and technical progress or to specify monitoring requirements for the purposes of the risk assessment and internal distribution risk assessment , the power to adopt acts in accordance with article 290 of the treaty should be delegated to the commission to amend annexes i to iv to this directive . it is of particular importance that the commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work , including at expert level , and that those consultations be conducted in accordance with the principles laid down in the interinstitutional agreement of 13 april 2016 on better law - making . in particular , to ensure equal participation in the preparation of delegated acts , the european parliament and the council receive all documents at the same time as member states ' experts , and their experts systematically have access to meetings of commission expert groups dealing with the preparation of delegated acts . in addition , the empowerment laid down in annex i , part c , note 10 , of directive 98 / 83 / ec , to set monitoring frequencies and monitoring methods for radioactive substances has become obsolete due to the adoption of council directive 2013 / 51 / euratom36 and should therefore be deleted . the empowerment laid down in the second subparagraph of part a of annex iii to directive 98 / 83 / ec concerning amendments of the directive is no longer necessary and should be deleted .


### member states shall ensure that all persons supplied receive regularly and at least once a year , and in the most appropriate form without having to request it , the following information : ### member states shall ensure that all persons supplied receive regularly and at least once a year , and in the most appropriate form without having to request it , the following information as defined and determined by the competent authority :


### to that end , water suppliers shall be required to take into account the results of the hazard assessment carried out in accordance with article 8 of this directive and of the monitoring carried out pursuant to article 7 and article 8 of directive 2000 / 60 / ec . ### to that end , water suppliers shall take into account the results of the risk assessment carried out in accordance with article 8 of this directive and of the monitoring carried out pursuant to article 7 and article 8 of directive 2000 / 60 / ec .


### the hazard assessment should be geared towards reducing the level of treatment required for the production of water intended for human consumption , for instance by reducing the pressures causing the pollution of water bodies used for abstraction of water intended for human consumption . to that end , member states should identify hazards and possible pollution sources associated with those water bodies and monitor pollutants which they identify as relevant , for instance because of the hazards identified , because of their natural presence in the abstraction area , or because of information from the water suppliers . those parameters should be used as markers that trigger action by competent authorities to reduce the pressure on the water bodies , such as prevention or mitigating measures , to protect those water bodies and address the pollution source , in cooperation with water suppliers and stakeholders . _________________ 78 directive 2000 / 60 / ec of the european parliament and of the council of 23 october 2000 establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy . ### the risk assessment should be geared towards reducing the level of treatment required for the production of water intended for human consumption , for instance by reducing the pressures causing the pollution of water bodies used for abstraction of water intended for human consumption . to that end , member states should identify risk and possible pollution sources associated with those water bodies and monitor pollutants which they identify as relevant , for instance because of the risk identified , because of their natural presence in the abstraction area , or because of information from the water suppliers . in accordance with directive 2000 / 60 / ec , those parameters should be used as markers that trigger action by competent authorities to reduce the pressure on the water bodies , such as prevention or mitigating measures , to protect those water bodies and address the pollution source , in cooperation with water suppliers and stakeholders . where a member states finds , via the risk assessment , that a parameter is not present in a given abstraction area , then the member state should inform the relevant water suppliers and may allow them to decrease the monitoring frequency for that parameter , or remove that parameter from the list of parameters to be monitored , without carrying out a supply risk assessment . _________________ 78 directive 2000 / 60 / ec of the european parliament and of the council of 23 october 2000 establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy .


### the hazard assessment should be geared towards reducing the level of treatment required for the production of water intended for human consumption , for instance by reducing the pressures causing the pollution of water bodies used for abstraction of water intended for human consumption . to that end , member states should identify hazards and possible pollution sources associated with those water bodies and monitor pollutants which they identify as relevant , for instance because of the hazards identified , because of their natural presence in the abstraction area , or because of information from the water suppliers . those parameters should be used as markers that trigger action by competent authorities to reduce the pressure on the water bodies , such as prevention or mitigating measures , to protect those water bodies and address the pollution source , in cooperation with water suppliers and stakeholders . _________________ 78 directive 2000 / 60 / ec of the european parliament and of the council of 23 october 2000 establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy . ### the hazard assessment should take a holistic approach to risk assessment , founded on the explicit aim of reducing the level of treatment required for the production of water intended for human consumption , primarily via preventative measures which reduce the pressures causing the pollution - or risks of pollution - of water bodies used for abstraction of water intended for human consumption . to that end , member states should identify hazards and all possible pollution sources associated with those water bodies and monitor pollutants which they identify as relevant , for instance because of the hazards identified , because of their natural presence in the abstraction area , or because of information from the water suppliers . in line with directive 2000 / 60 / ce , those parameters should be used as markers that trigger action by competent authorities to reduce the pressure on the water bodies , such as prevention or mitigating measures , to protect those water bodies and address the pollution source , in cooperation with water suppliers public health and environmental stakeholders , as well as those responsible for pollutant or potential pollutant sources . _________________ 78 directive 2000 / 60 / ec of the european parliament and of the council of 23 october 2000 establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy .


### the provisions of directive 98 / 83 / ec on quality assurance of treatment , equipment and materials did not succeed in addressing obstacles to the internal market when it comes to the free circulation of construction products in contact with water intended for human consumption . national product approvals are still in place , with different requirements from one member state to another . this renders it difficult and costly for manufacturers to market their products all over the union . the removal of technical barriers may only be effectively achieved by establishing harmonised technical specifications for construction products in contact with water intended for human consumption under regulation no 305 / 2011 . that regulation allows for the development of european standards harmonising the assessment methods for construction products in contact with water intended for human consumption and for threshold levels and classes to be set in relation to the performance level of an essential characteristic . to that end , a standardisation request specifically requiring standardisation work on hygiene and safety for products and materials in contact with water intended for human consumption under regulation no 305 / 2011 has been included in the 2017 standardisation work programme82 , and a standard is to be issued by 2018 . the publication of this harmonised standard in the official journal of the european union will ensure a rational decision - making for placing or making available on the market safe construction products in contact with water intended for human consumption . as a consequence , the provisions on equipment and material in contact with water intended for human consumption should be deleted , partly replaced by provisions related to the domestic distribution risk assessment and complemented by relevant harmonised standards under regulation no 305 / 2011 . __________________ 82 swd 185 final ### the provisions of directive 98 / 83 / ec on quality assurance of treatment , equipment and materials did not succeed in addressing obstacles to the internal market when it comes to the free circulation of construction products in contact with water intended for human consumption . national product approvals are still in place , with different requirements from one member state to another . this renders it difficult and costly for manufacturers to market their products all over the union . that situation stems from the fact that there are no minimum european hygiene standards for all products and materials in contact with water intended for human consumption , that being essential for fully ensuring mutual recognition between member states . the removal of technical barriers and conformity of all products and materials in contact with water intended for human consumption at union level may therefore only be effectively achieved by establishing minimum quality requirements at union level . as a consequence , those provisions should be strengthened by means of a procedure for harmonisation of such products and materials . that work should draw on the experience gained and advances made by a number of member states that have been working together for some years , in a concerted effort , to bring about regulatory convergence in this connection . __________________


### the 7th environment action programme to 2020 ‘ living well , within the limits of our planet’90 , requires that the public have access to clear environmental information at national level . directive 98 / 83 / ec only provided for passive access to information , meaning that member states merely had to ensure that information was available . those provisions should therefore be replaced to ensure that up - to - date information is easily accessible , for instance on a website whose link should be actively distributed . the up - to - date information should not only include results from the monitoring programmes , but also additional information that the public may find useful , such as information on indicators , which often influence consumers ' perception of tap water . to that end , the indicator parameters of directive 98 / 83 / ec that did not provide health - related information should be replaced by on - line information on those parameters . for very large water suppliers , additional information on , inter alia , energy efficiency , management , governance , cost structure , and treatment applied , should also be available on - line . it is assumed that better consumer knowledge and improved transparency will contribute to increasing citizens ' confidence in the water supplied to them . this in turn is expected to lead to increased use of tap water , thereby contributing to reduced plastic litter and greenhouse gas emissions , and a positive impact on climate change mitigation and the environment as a whole . __________________ 90 decision no 1386 / 2013 / eu of the european parliament and of the council of 20 november 2013 on a general union environment action programme to 2020 ‘ living well , within the limits of our planet’ . ### the 7th environment action programme to 2020 ‘ living well , within the limits of our planet’90 , requires that the public have access to clear environmental information at national level . directive 98 / 83 / ec only provided for passive access to information , meaning that member states merely had to ensure that information was available . those provisions should therefore be replaced to ensure that up - to - date information that is comprehensible and relevant to consumers is easily accessible , for instance on a website whose link should be actively distributed . the up - to - date information should not only include results from the monitoring programmes , but also additional information that the public may find useful , such as the outcome of action to monitor water suppliers as regards water quality parameters . for very large water suppliers , additional information on , inter alia , energy efficiency , management , governance , tariff structure , and treatment applied , should also be available on - line . the purpose of better consumer knowledge of relevant information and improved transparency should be to increase citizens ' confidence in the water supplied to them . this in turn is expected to lead to increased use of tap water , thereby contributing to reduced plastic litter and greenhouse gas emissions , and a positive impact on climate change mitigation and the environment as a whole . __________________ 90 decision no 1386 / 2013 / eu of the european parliament and of the council of 20 november 2013 on a general union environment action programme to 2020 ‘ living well , within the limits of our planet’ .


### identification of hazards and possible pollution sources affecting the bodies of water covered by the hazard assessment . to that end , member states may use the review of the impact of human activity undertaken in accordance with article 5 of directive 2000 / 60 / ec and information on significant pressures collected in accordance with point 1 . 4 of annex ii to that directive ; ### identification of all hazards and possible pollution sources affecting the bodies of water covered by the hazard assessment . to that end , member states may use the review of the impact of human activity undertaken in accordance with article 5 of directive 2000 / 60 / ec and information on significant pressures collected in accordance with point 1 . 4 of annex ii to that directive ;


### identifying people without access to water intended for human consumption and reasons for lack of access , assessing possibilities to improve access for those people and informing them about possibilities of connecting to the distribution network or about alternative means to have access to such water ; ### identifying vulnerable and marginalised groups without access , or with limited access , to water intended for human consumption and reasons for lack of access , assessing possibilities to improve access for those people and informing them about possibilities of connecting to the distribution network or about alternative means to have access to such water ;


### the commission , in its reply to the european citizens’ initiative ‘ right2water’ in 201483 , invited member states to ensure access to a minimum water supply for all citizens , in accordance with the who recommendations . it also committed to continue to ' improve access to safe drinking water [ … ] for the whole population through environmental policies ' 84 . this is in line with un sustainable development goal 6 and the associated target to ' achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all ' . the concept of equitable access covers a wide array of aspects such as availability , quality , acceptability , or financial affordability . concerning affordability of water , it is important to recall that , when setting water tariffs in accordance with the principle of recovery of costs set out in directive 2000 / 60 / ec , member states may have regard to the variation in the economic and social conditions of the population and may therefore adopt social tariffs or take measures safeguarding populations at a socio - economic disadvantage . this directive deals , in particular , with the aspects of access to water which are related to quality and availability . to address those aspects , as part of the reply to the european citizens ' initiative and to contribute to the implementation of principle 20 of the european pillar of social rights85 that states that ' everyone has the right to access essential services of good quality , including water ' , member states should be required to tackle the issue of access to water at national level whilst enjoying some discretion as to the exact type of measures to be implemented . this can be done through actions aimed , inter alia , at improving access to water intended for human consumption for all , for instance with freely accessible fountains in cities , and promoting its use by encouraging the free provision of water intended for human consumption in public buildings and restaurants . _________________ 83 com177 final 84 com177 final , p . 12 . 85 interinstitutional proclamation on the european pillar of social rights of 17 november 2017 . ### the commission , in its reply to the european citizens’ initiative ‘ right2water’ in 201423 , invited member states to ensure access to a minimum water supply for all citizens , in accordance with the who recommendations . it also committed to continue to ' improve access to safe drinking water [ … ] for the whole population through environmental policies ' 24 . this is in line with un sustainable development goal 6 and the associated target to ' achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all ' . the concept of equitable access covers a wide array of aspects such as availability , quality , acceptability , or financial affordability . concerning affordability of water , it is important to recall that , when setting water tariffs in accordance with the principle of recovery of costs set out in directive 2000 / 60 / ec , member states may have regard to the variation in the economic and social conditions of the population and may therefore adopt social tariffs or take measures safeguarding populations at a socio - economic disadvantage . this directive deals , in particular , with the aspects of access to water which are related to quality and availability . to address those aspects , as part of the reply to the european citizens ' initiative and to contribute to the implementation of principle 20 of the european pillar of social rights25 that states that ' everyone has the right to access essential services of good quality , including water ' , member states should be required to tackle the issue of affordable access to water at national level whilst enjoying some discretion as to the exact type of measures to be implemented . this can be done through actions aimed , inter alia , at improving access to water intended for human consumption for all , for instance by not unjustifiably making water quality requirements more stringent on public - health grounds , which would increase the price of water for citizens , with freely accessible fountains in cities , and promoting its use by encouraging the free provision of water intended for human consumption in public buildings and restaurants .


### the parametric values used to assess the quality of water intended for human consumption are to be complied with at the point where water intended for human consumption is made available to the appropriate user . however , the quality of water intended for human consumption can be influenced by the domestic distribution system . the who notes that , in the union , legionella causes the highest health burden of all waterborne pathogens . it is transmitted by warm water systems through inhalation , for instance during showering . it is therefore clearly linked to the domestic distribution system . since imposing a unilateral obligation to monitor all private and public premises for this pathogen would lead to unreasonably high costs , a domestic distribution risk assessment is therefore more suited to address this issue . in addition , the potential risks stemming from products and materials in contact with water intended for human consumption should also be considered in the domestic distribution risk assessment . the domestic distribution risk assessment should therefore include , inter alia , focusing monitoring on priority premises , assessing the risks stemming from the domestic distribution system and related products and materials , and verifying the performance of construction products in contact with water intended for human consumption on the basis of their declaration of performance in accordance with regulation no 305 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council79 . the information referred to in articles 31 and 33 of regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council80 is also to be supplied together with the declaration of performance . on the basis of this assessment , member states should take all necessary measures to ensure , inter alia , that appropriate control and management measures are in place , in line with the guidance of the who81 , and that the migration from construction products does not endanger human health . however , without prejudice to regulation no 305 / 2011 , where these measures would imply limits to the free movement of products and materials in the union , these limits need to be duly justified and strictly proportionate , and not constitute a means of arbitrary discrimination or a disguised restriction on trade between member states . _________________ 79 regulation no 305 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89 / 106 / eec . 80 regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council of 18 december 2006 concerning the registration , evaluation , authorisation and restriction of chemicals , establishing a european chemicals agency , amending directive 1999 / 45 / ec and repealing council regulation no 793 / 93 and commission regulation no 1488 / 94 as well as council directive 76 / 769 / eec and commission directives 91 / 155 / eec , 93 / 67 / eec , 93 / 105 / ec and 2000 / 21 / ec . 81 ' legionella and the prevention of legionellosis ' , world health organisation , 2007 , http : / / www . who . int / water_sanitation_health / emerging / legionella . pdf ### the parametric values used to assess the quality of water intended for human consumption are to be complied with at the point where water intended for human consumption is made available to the appropriate user . however , the quality of water intended for human consumption can be influenced by the domestic distribution system . the who notes that , in the union , legionella causes the highest health burden of all waterborne pathogens . it is transmitted by warm water systems through inhalation , for instance during showering . it is therefore clearly linked to the domestic distribution system . since imposing a unilateral obligation to monitor all private and public premises for this pathogen would lead to unreasonably high costs , a domestic distribution risk assessment is therefore more suited to address this issue . in addition , the potential risks stemming from products and materials in contact with water intended for human consumption should also be considered in the domestic distribution risk assessment . the domestic distribution risk assessment should therefore include , inter alia , focusing monitoring on priority premises , assessing the risks stemming from the domestic distribution system and related products and materials in contact with drinking water . the information referred to in articles 31 and 33 of regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council80 is also to be supplied together with the declaration of performance . on the basis of this assessment , member states should take all necessary measures to ensure , inter alia , that appropriate control and management measures are in place , in line with the guidance of the who81 , and that the migration from products and materials in contact with water does not endanger human health . _________________ 80 regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council of 18 december 2006 concerning the registration , evaluation , authorisation and restriction of chemicals , establishing a european chemicals agency , amending directive 1999 / 45 / ec and repealing council regulation no 793 / 93 and commission regulation no 1488 / 94 as well as council directive 76 / 769 / eec and commission directives 91 / 155 / eec , 93 / 67 / eec , 93 / 105 / ec and 2000 / 21 / ec . 81 ' legionella and the prevention of legionellosis ' , world health organisation , 2007 , http : / / www . who . int / water_sanitation_health / emerging / legionella . pdf


### the parametric values used to assess the quality of water intended for human consumption are to be complied with at the point where water intended for human consumption is made available to the appropriate user . however , the quality of water intended for human consumption can be influenced by the domestic distribution system . the who notes that , in the union , legionella causes the highest health burden of all waterborne pathogens . it is transmitted by warm water systems through inhalation , for instance during showering . it is therefore clearly linked to the domestic distribution system . since imposing a unilateral obligation to monitor all private and public premises for this pathogen would lead to unreasonably high costs , a domestic distribution risk assessment is therefore more suited to address this issue . in addition , the potential risks stemming from products and materials in contact with water intended for human consumption should also be considered in the domestic distribution risk assessment . the domestic distribution risk assessment should therefore include , inter alia , focusing monitoring on priority premises , assessing the risks stemming from the domestic distribution system and related products and materials , and verifying the performance of construction products in contact with water intended for human consumption on the basis of their declaration of performance in accordance with regulation no 305 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council79 . the information referred to in articles 31 and 33 of regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council80 is also to be supplied together with the declaration of performance . on the basis of this assessment , member states should take all necessary measures to ensure , inter alia , that appropriate control and management measures are in place , in line with the guidance of the who81 , and that the migration from construction products does not endanger human health . however , without prejudice to regulation no 305 / 2011 , where these measures would imply limits to the free movement of products and materials in the union , these limits need to be duly justified and strictly proportionate , and not constitute a means of arbitrary discrimination or a disguised restriction on trade between member states . _________________ 79 regulation no 305 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89 / 106 / eec . 80 regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council of 18 december 2006 concerning the registration , evaluation , authorisation and restriction of chemicals , establishing a european chemicals agency , amending directive 1999 / 45 / ec and repealing council regulation no 793 / 93 and commission regulation no 1488 / 94 as well as council directive 76 / 769 / eec and commission directives 91 / 155 / eec , 93 / 67 / eec , 93 / 105 / ec and 2000 / 21 / ec . 81 ' legionella and the prevention of legionellosis ' , world health organisation , 2007 , http : / / www . who . int / water_sanitation_health / emerging / legionella . pdf ### the parametric values used to assess the quality of water intended for human consumption are to be complied with at the point where water intended for human consumption is made available to the appropriate user . however , the quality of water intended for human consumption can be influenced by the internal distribution system . the who notes that , in the union , legionella causes the highest health burden of all waterborne pathogens , in particular legionella pneumophila , which accounts for most cases of legionnaires’ disease in the union . it is transmitted by warm water systems through inhalation , for instance during showering . it is therefore clearly linked to the internal distribution system . since imposing a unilateral obligation to monitor all private and public premises for this pathogen would lead to unreasonably high costs and would contravene the subsidiarity principle , an internal distribution risk assessment is therefore more suited to address this issue , with a special focus on priority premises . in addition , the potential risks stemming from products and materials in contact with water intended for human consumption should also be considered in the internal distribution risk assessment . the internal distribution risk assessment should therefore include , inter alia , focusing monitoring on priority premises , assessing the risks stemming from the internal distribution system and related products and materials in contact with water . the information referred to in articles 31 and 33 of regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council20 is also to be supplied together with the declaration of performance . on the basis of this assessment , member states should take all necessary measures to ensure , inter alia , that appropriate control and management measures are in place , in line with the guidance of the who21 , and that the migration from substances and materials in contact with water does not endanger human health .


### following the conclusion of the european citizens ' initiative on the right to water 71 , a union - wide public consultation was launched and a regulatory fitness and performance evaluation of directive 98 / 83 / ec was performed72 . it became apparent from that exercise that certain provisions of directive 98 / 83 / ec needed to be updated . four areas were identified as offering scope for improvement , namely the list of quality - based parametric values , the limited reliance on a risk - based approach , the imprecise provisions on consumer information , and the disparities between approval systems for materials in contact with water intended for human consumption . in addition , the european citizens ' initiative on the right to water identified as a distinct problem the fact that part of the population , especially marginalised groups , has no access to water intended for human consumption , which is also a commitment under sustainable development goal 6 of un agenda 2030 . a final issue identified is the general lack of awareness of water leakages , which are driven by underinvestment in maintenance and renewal of the water infrastructure , as also pointed out in the european court of auditors ' special report on water infrastructure73 . _________________ 71 com 177 final 72 swd 428 final 73 special report of the european court of auditors sr 12 / 2017 : ' implementing the drinking water directive : water quality and access to it improved in bulgaria , hungary and romania , but investment needs remains substantial ' . ### following the conclusion of the european citizens ' initiative on the right to water 71 , a union - wide public consultation was launched and a regulatory fitness and performance evaluation of directive 98 / 83 / ec was performed72 . it became apparent from that exercise that certain provisions of directive 98 / 83 / ec needed to be updated . four areas were identified as offering scope for improvement , namely the list of quality - based parametric values , the inconsistent application of a risk - based approach , the imprecise provisions on consumer information , and the disparities between approval systems for materials in contact with water intended for human consumption and the implications this has for human health . in addition , the european citizens ' initiative on the right to water identified as a distinct problem the fact that part of the population - especially amongst vulnerable and marginalised groups - has no access to water intended for human consumption , which is inconsistent with the recognition that access to water is a basic right essential for the realisation of all human rights . it is also inconsistent with a commitment made under sustainable development goal 6 of un agenda 2030 . a final issue identified is the general lack of awareness of water leakages , which are driven by underinvestment in maintenance and renewal of the water infrastructure , as also pointed out in the european court of auditors ' special report on water infrastructure73 . _________________ 71 com 177 final 72 swd 428 final 73 special report of the european court of auditors sr 12 / 2017 : ' implementing the drinking water directive : water quality and access to it improved in bulgaria , hungary and romania , but investment needs remains substantial ' .


### member states shall ensure that adequate and up - to - date information on water intended for human consumption is available online to all persons supplied , in accordance with annex iv . ### member states shall ensure that adequate , up - to - date and accessible information on water intended for human consumption is available to all persons supplied , in accordance with annex iv .


### the parametric values used to assess the quality of water intended for human consumption are to be complied with at the point where water intended for human consumption is made available to the appropriate user . however , the quality of water intended for human consumption can be influenced by the domestic distribution system . the who notes that , in the union , legionella causes the highest health burden of all waterborne pathogens . it is transmitted by warm water systems through inhalation , for instance during showering . it is therefore clearly linked to the domestic distribution system . since imposing a unilateral obligation to monitor all private and public premises for this pathogen would lead to unreasonably high costs , a domestic distribution risk assessment is therefore more suited to address this issue . in addition , the potential risks stemming from products and materials in contact with water intended for human consumption should also be considered in the domestic distribution risk assessment . the domestic distribution risk assessment should therefore include , inter alia , focusing monitoring on priority premises , assessing the risks stemming from the domestic distribution system and related products and materials , and verifying the performance of construction products in contact with water intended for human consumption on the basis of their declaration of performance in accordance with regulation no 305 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council79 . the information referred to in articles 31 and 33 of regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council80 is also to be supplied together with the declaration of performance . on the basis of this assessment , member states should take all necessary measures to ensure , inter alia , that appropriate control and management measures are in place , in line with the guidance of the who81 , and that the migration from construction products does not endanger human health . however , without prejudice to regulation no 305 / 2011 , where these measures would imply limits to the free movement of products and materials in the union , these limits need to be duly justified and strictly proportionate , and not constitute a means of arbitrary discrimination or a disguised restriction on trade between member states . __________________ 79 regulation no 305 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89 / 106 / eec . 80 regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council of 18 december 2006 concerning the registration , evaluation , authorisation and restriction of chemicals , establishing a european chemicals agency , amending directive 1999 / 45 / ec and repealing council regulation no 793 / 93 and commission regulation no 1488 / 94 as well as council directive 76 / 769 / eec and commission directives 91 / 155 / eec , 93 / 67 / eec , 93 / 105 / ec and 2000 / 21 / ec . 81 ' legionella and the prevention of legionellosis ' , world health organisation , 2007 , http : / / www . who . int / water_sanitation_health / emerging / legionella . pdf ### the parametric values used to assess the quality of water intended for human consumption are to be complied with at the point where water intended for human consumption is made available to the appropriate user . however , the quality of water intended for human consumption can be influenced by the domestic distribution system . the who notes that , in the union , legionella causes the highest health burden of all waterborne pathogens , in particular legionella pneumophila , which accounts for most cases of legionnaires’ disease in the union . it is transmitted by warm water systems through inhalation , for instance during showering . it is therefore clearly linked to the internal distribution system . since imposing a unilateral obligation to monitor all private and public premises for this pathogen would lead to unreasonably high costs and would contravene the subsidiarity principle , an internal distribution risk assessment is therefore more suited to address this issue , in particular on priority premises accessed by large numbers of people or vulnerable groups . in addition , the potential risks stemming from products and materials in contact with water intended for human consumption should also be considered in the internal distribution risk assessment . the internal distribution risk assessment should therefore include , inter alia , focusing monitoring on priority premises , assessing the risks stemming from the internal distribution system and related products and materials in contact with water . the information referred to in articles 31 and 33 of regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council80 is also to be supplied together with the declaration of performance . on the basis of this assessment , member states should take all necessary measures to ensure , inter alia , that appropriate control and management measures are in place on priority premises , in line with the guidance of the who81 , and that the migration from substances and materials in contact with water does not endanger human health . __________________ 80 regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council of 18 december 2006 concerning the registration , evaluation , authorisation and restriction of chemicals , establishing a european chemicals agency , amending directive 1999 / 45 / ec and repealing council regulation no 793 / 93 and commission regulation no 1488 / 94 as well as council directive 76 / 769 / eec and commission directives 91 / 155 / eec , 93 / 67 / eec , 93 / 105 / ec and 2000 / 21 / ec . 81 ' legionella and the prevention of legionellosis ' , world health organisation , 2007 , http : / / www . who . int / water_sanitation_health / emerging / legionella . pdf


### preventive safety planning and risk - based elements were only considered to a limited extent in directive 98 / 83 / ec . the first elements of a risk - based approach were already introduced in 2015 with directive 2015 / 1787 , which amended directive 98 / 83 / ec so as to allow member states to derogate from the monitoring programmes they have established , provided credible risk assessments are performed , which may be based on the who’s guidelines for drinking water quality76 . those guidelines , laying down the so - called ' water safety plan ' approach , together with standard en 15975 - 2 concerning security of drinking water supply , are internationally recognised principles on which the production , distribution , monitoring and analysis of parameters in water intended for human consumption are based . they should be maintained in this directive . to ensure that those principles are not limited to monitoring aspects , to focus time and resources on risks that matter and on cost - effective source measures , and to avoid analyses and efforts on non - relevant issues , it is appropriate to introduce a complete risk - based approach , throughout the supply chain , from the abstraction area to distribution until the tap . that approach should consist of three components : first , an assessment by the member state of the hazards associated with the abstraction area , in line with the who’s guidelines and water safety plan manual77 ; second , a possibility for the water supplier to adapt monitoring to the main risks ; and third , an assessment by the member state of the possible risks stemming from the domestic distribution systems . those assessments should be regularly reviewed , inter alia , in response to threats from climate - related extreme weather events , known changes of human activity in the abstraction area or in response to source - related incidents . the risk - based approach ensures a continuous exchange of information between competent authorities and water suppliers . __________________ 76 guidelines for drinking water quality , fourth edition , world health organisation , 2011 http : / / www . who . int / water_sanitation_health / publications / 2011 / dwq_guidelines / en / index . html 77 water safety plan manual : step - by - step risk management for drinking water suppliers , world health organisation , 2009 , http : / / apps . who . int / iris / bitstream / 10665 / 75141 / 1 / 9789241562638_eng . pdf ### preventive safety planning and risk - based elements were only considered to a limited extent in directive 98 / 83 / ec . the first elements of a risk - based approach were already introduced in 2015 with directive 2015 / 1787 , which amended directive 98 / 83 / ec so as to allow member states to derogate from the monitoring programmes they have established , provided credible risk assessments are performed , which may be based on the who’s guidelines for drinking water quality76 . those guidelines , laying down the so - called ' water safety plan ' approach , together with standard en 15975 - 2 concerning security of drinking water supply , are internationally recognised principles on which the production , distribution , monitoring and analysis of parameters in water intended for human consumption are based . they should be maintained in this directive . to ensure that those principles are not limited to monitoring aspects , to focus time and resources on risks that matter and on cost - effective source measures , and to avoid analyses and efforts on non - relevant issues , it is appropriate to introduce a complete risk - based approach , throughout the supply chain , from the abstraction area to distribution until the tap . that approach should be based on the knowledge gained and actions carried out under directive 2000 / 60 / ec and should more effectively factor in the impact of climate change on water resources . a risk - based approach should consist of three components : first , an assessment by the member state of the hazards associated with the abstraction area , in line with the who’s guidelines and water safety plan manual77 ; second , a possibility for the water supplier to adapt monitoring to the main risks ; and third , an assessment by the member state of the possible risks stemming from internal distribution systems , in particular on priority premises . those assessments should be regularly reviewed , inter alia , in response to threats from climate - related extreme weather events , known changes of human activity in the abstraction area or in response to source - related incidents . the risk - based approach ensures a continuous exchange of information between competent authorities , stakeholders responsible for pollution or risks of pollution and water suppliers . __________________ 76 guidelines for drinking water quality , fourth edition , world health organisation , 2011 http : / / www . who . int / water_sanitation_health / publications / 2011 / dwq_guidelines / en / index . html 77 water safety plan manual : step - by - step risk management for drinking water suppliers , world health organisation , 2009 , http : / / apps . who . int / iris / bitstream / 10665 / 75141 / 1 / 9789241562638_eng . pdf


### the risk - based approach should gradually be applied by all water suppliers , including small water suppliers , as the evaluation of directive 98 / 83 / ec showed deficiencies in its implementation by those suppliers , which were sometimes due to the cost of performing unnecessary monitoring operations . when applying the risk - based approach , security concerns should be taken into account . ### the risk - based approach should gradually be applied by all water suppliers , including small and medium - sized water suppliers , as the evaluation of directive 98 / 83 / ec showed deficiencies in its implementation by those suppliers , which were sometimes due to the cost of performing unnecessary monitoring operations . when applying the risk - based approach , security concerns and concerns relating to the ‘ polluter pays’ principle should be taken into account .


### the 7th environment action programme to 2020 ‘ living well , within the limits of our planet’90 , requires that the public have access to clear environmental information at national level . directive 98 / 83 / ec only provided for passive access to information , meaning that member states merely had to ensure that information was available . those provisions should therefore be replaced to ensure that up - to - date information is easily accessible , for instance on a website whose link should be actively distributed . the up - to - date information should not only include results from the monitoring programmes , but also additional information that the public may find useful , such as information on indicators , which often influence consumers ' perception of tap water . to that end , the indicator parameters of directive 98 / 83 / ec that did not provide health - related information should be replaced by on - line information on those parameters . for very large water suppliers , additional information on , inter alia , energy efficiency , management , governance , cost structure , and treatment applied , should also be available on - line . it is assumed that better consumer knowledge and improved transparency will contribute to increasing citizens ' confidence in the water supplied to them . this in turn is expected to lead to increased use of tap water , thereby contributing to reduced plastic litter and greenhouse gas emissions , and a positive impact on climate change mitigation and the environment as a whole . _________________ 90 decision no 1386 / 2013 / eu of the european parliament and of the council of 20 november 2013 on a general union environment action programme to 2020 ‘ living well , within the limits of our planet’ . ### the 7th environment action programme to 2020 ‘ living well , within the limits of our planet’90 , requires that the public have access to clear environmental information at national level . directive 98 / 83 / ec only provided for passive access to information , meaning that member states merely had to ensure that information was available . those provisions should therefore be replaced to ensure that up - to - date information is easily accessible and understandable by the public , for instance in a booklet , or on a website or smart application whose link should be actively distributed . the up - to - date information should not only include results from the monitoring programmes , but also additional information that the public may find useful , such as information on , where applicable , annual turnover and shareholder dividends , as well as indicators , which often influence consumers ' perception of tap water . to that end , the indicator parameters of directive 98 / 83 / ec that did not provide health - related information should be replaced by on - line information on those parameters . for very large water suppliers , additional information on , inter alia , energy efficiency , management , governance , cost structure , and treatment applied , should also be available on - line . better consumer knowledge and improved transparency will help to increase citizens ' confidence in the water supplied to them , and will help to lead to an increased use of tap water , thereby contributing to reduced plastic litter and greenhouse gas emissions , and a positive impact on climate change mitigation and the environment as a whole . _________________ 90 decision no 1386 / 2013 / eu of the european parliament and of the council of 20 november 2013 on a general union environment action programme to 2020 ‘ living well , within the limits of our planet’ .


### domestic distribution risk assessment ### internal distribution risk assessment , monitoring and management


### the commission may adopt implementing acts specifying the format of , and modalities to present , the information to be provided in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 3 , including detailed requirements regarding the indicators , the union - wide overview maps and the member state overview reports referred to in paragraph 3 . ### the commission may adopt delegated acts specifying the format of , and modalities to present , the information to be provided in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 3 , including detailed requirements regarding the indicators , the union - wide overview maps and the member state overview reports referred to in paragraph 3 .


### an assessment of the potential risks associated with the domestic distribution systems , and with the related products and materials , and whether they affect the quality of water at the point where it emerges from the taps normally used for human consumption , in particular where water is supplied to the public in priority premises ; ### an assessment of the potential risks associated with the domestic distribution systems , and with the related products and materials pursuant to the new requirements as set out in this directive , and whether they affect the quality of water at the point where it emerges from the taps normally used for human consumption , in particular where water is supplied to the public in priority premises ;


### the parametric values used to assess the quality of water intended for human consumption are to be complied with at the point where water intended for human consumption is made available to the appropriate user . however , the quality of water intended for human consumption can be influenced by the domestic distribution system . the who notes that , in the union , legionella causes the highest health burden of all waterborne pathogens . it is transmitted by warm water systems through inhalation , for instance during showering . it is therefore clearly linked to the domestic distribution system . since imposing a unilateral obligation to monitor all private and public premises for this pathogen would lead to unreasonably high costs , a domestic distribution risk assessment is therefore more suited to address this issue . in addition , the potential risks stemming from products and materials in contact with water intended for human consumption should also be considered in the domestic distribution risk assessment . the domestic distribution risk assessment should therefore include , inter alia , focusing monitoring on priority premises , assessing the risks stemming from the domestic distribution system and related products and materials , and verifying the performance of construction products in contact with water intended for human consumption on the basis of their declaration of performance in accordance with regulation no 305 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council79 . the information referred to in articles 31 and 33 of regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council80 is also to be supplied together with the declaration of performance . on the basis of this assessment , member states should take all necessary measures to ensure , inter alia , that appropriate control and management measures are in place , in line with the guidance of the who81 , and that the migration from construction products does not endanger human health . however , without prejudice to regulation no 305 / 2011 , where these measures would imply limits to the free movement of products and materials in the union , these limits need to be duly justified and strictly proportionate , and not constitute a means of arbitrary discrimination or a disguised restriction on trade between member states . _________________ 79 regulation no 305 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89 / 106 / eec . 80 regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council of 18 december 2006 concerning the registration , evaluation , authorisation and restriction of chemicals , establishing a european chemicals agency , amending directive 1999 / 45 / ec and repealing council regulation no 793 / 93 and commission regulation no 1488 / 94 as well as council directive 76 / 769 / eec and commission directives 91 / 155 / eec , 93 / 67 / eec , 93 / 105 / ec and 2000 / 21 / ec . 81 ' legionella and the prevention of legionellosis ' , world health organisation , 2007 , http : / / www . who . int / water_sanitation_health / emerging / legionella . pdf ### the parametric values used to assess the quality of water intended for human consumption are to be complied with at the point where water intended for human consumption is made available to the appropriate user . however , the quality of water intended for human consumption can be influenced by the internal distribution system . the who notes that , in the union , legionella causes the highest health burden of all waterborne pathogens , in particular legionella pneumophilia , which accounts for most cases of legionnaires ' disease in the union . it is transmitted by warm water systems through inhalation , for instance during showering . it is therefore clearly linked to the domestic distribution system . since imposing a unilateral obligation to monitor all private and public premises for this pathogen would lead to unreasonably high costs , a domestic distribution risk assessment is therefore more suited to address this issue . in addition , the potential risks stemming from products and materials in contact with water intended for human consumption should also be considered in the domestic distribution risk assessment . the domestic distribution risk assessment should therefore include , inter alia , focusing monitoring on priority premises , assessing the risks stemming from the domestic distribution system and related products and materials , and verifying the performance of construction products in contact with water intended for human consumption on the basis of their declaration of performance in accordance with regulation no 305 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council79 . the information referred to in articles 31 and 33 of regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council80 is also to be supplied together with the declaration of performance . on the basis of this assessment , member states should take all necessary measures to ensure , inter alia , that appropriate control and management measures are in place , in line with the guidance of the who81 , and that the migration from construction products does not endanger human health . however , without prejudice to regulation no 305 / 2011 , where these measures would imply limits to the free movement of products and materials in the union , these limits need to be duly justified and strictly proportionate , and not constitute a means of arbitrary discrimination or a disguised restriction on trade between member states . _________________ 79 regulation no 305 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89 / 106 / eec . 80 regulation no 1907 / 2006 of the european parliament and of the council of 18 december 2006 concerning the registration , evaluation , authorisation and restriction of chemicals , establishing a european chemicals agency , amending directive 1999 / 45 / ec and repealing council regulation no 793 / 93 and commission regulation no 1488 / 94 as well as council directive 76 / 769 / eec and commission directives 91 / 155 / eec , 93 / 67 / eec , 93 / 105 / ec and 2000 / 21 / ec . 81 ' legionella and the prevention of legionellosis ' , world health organisation , 2007 , http : / / www . who . int / water_sanitation_health / emerging / legionella . pdf


### in case of non - compliance with the parametric values set out in annex i , part c , remedial action shall include the measures set out in points to of article 10 . ### in case of non - compliance with the parametric values set out in annex i , part c , remedial action shall include the measures set out in article 10 .


### as the three so - called tripartite agencies - cedefop , the european foundation for the improvement of living and working conditions and the european agency for safety and health at work - address issues related to the labour market , working environment and vocational education and training and skills , close coordination among the three agencies is required and the ways to enhance efficiency and synergies should be exploited . in addition , where relevant , the agency should seek to engage in efficient cooperation with the european commission ' s in - house research capacities . ### as the three so - called tripartite agencies - cedefop , the european foundation for the improvement of living and working conditions and the european agency for safety and health at work - address issues related to the labour market , working environment and vocational education and training and skills , close coordination among the three agencies is required and the ways to enhance efficiency and synergies should be exploited . in particular , sharing or pooling of administrative tasks between these agencies is envisaged and the agencies should adopt their respective annual work programmes in close co - operation with one another , in order to avoid overlaps . in addition , where relevant , the agency should seek to engage in efficient cooperation with the european commission ' s in - house research capacities .


### the management board shall be composed of : one member representing the government from each member state ; one member representing the employers ' organisations from each member state ; one member representing the employees ' organisations from each member state ; three members representing the commission . all members referred to in points - shall have voting rights . the members referred to in points , and shall be appointed by the council on the basis of lists of candidates submitted by the member states , the european employers’ and employees’ organisations respectively . the commission shall appoint the members who are to represent it . ### the management board shall be composed of : one member representing the government from each member state ; one member representing the employers ' organisations from each member state ; one member representing the employees ' organisations from each member state ; two members representing the commission ; one independent member representing the european parliament . all members referred to in points - shall have voting rights . the appointment shall take effect upon signing by the person concerned of a declaration of absence of conflict of interests . the members referred to in points , and shall be appointed by the council on the basis of lists of candidates submitted by the member states , the european employers’ and employees’ organisations respectively . the commission and the parliament shall appoint the members who are to represent them . a representative of the european agency for safety and health at work and a representative of the eurofound shall have an observer status in the management board .


### no later than 5 years after the date referred to in article 36 , and every 5 years thereafter , the commission shall perform an evaluation in compliance with the commission guidelines to assess the agency ' s performance in relation to its objectives , mandate and tasks . the evaluation shall , in particular , address the possible need to modify the mandate of the agency , and the financial implications of any such modification . ### no later than 5 years after the date referred to in article 36 , and every 5 years thereafter , the commission shall submit an evaluation in compliance with the commission guidelines to assess the agency ' s performance in relation to its objectives , mandate and tasks . the evaluation shall , in particular , address the possible need to modify the mandate of the agency , and the financial implications of any such modification .


### the translation services required for the functioning of the agency shall be provided by the translation centre of the bodies of the european union . ### the translation services required for the functioning of the agency shall be provided by the translation centre of the bodies of the european union or other translation providers in accordance with the procurement rules and within the limits established by the relevant financial rules .


### the objective of the agency shall be to assist the commission in shaping and implementing vocational education and training and skills and qualifications policies . to this end the agency shall provide evidence and services for policy making and knowledge sharing amongst and between union and national actors , in particular governments and social partners . ### the objective of the agency shall be to assist the commission , other union institutions , member states and the social partners in helping shape and implement vocational education and training and skills and qualifications policies . to this end the agency shall provide evidence and analyses for policy making and knowledge sharing amongst and between union and national actors , in particular governments and social partners .


### the commission shall send the draft estimates to the budgetary authority together with the draft general budget of the union . ### the commission shall send the draft estimates to the budgetary authority together with the draft general budget of the union . the commission shall send these draft estimates simultaneously to the agency .


### vis registered regular travellers who have lawfully used the two previously obtained visas shall be issued a multiple entry visa valid for at least three years . ### vis registered regular travellers who have lawfully used their previously obtained visa shall be issued a multiple entry visa valid for at least five years .


### a visa holder whose visa has been annulled or revoked shall have the right to appeal , unless the visa was revoked at his request in accordance with paragraph 3 . appeals shall be conducted against the member state that has taken the decision on the annulment or revocation and in accordance with the national law of that member state . member states shall provide applicants with information regarding the procedure to be followed in the event of an appeal , as specified in annex v . ### a visa holder whose visa has been annulled or revoked shall have the right to appeal including the right to a judicial remedy , unless the visa was revoked at his request in accordance with paragraph 3 . member states shall ensure that their national appeal procedures in visa cases are swift and easily accessible . appeals shall be conducted against the member state that has taken the decision on the annulment or revocation and in accordance with the national law of that member state . in case of a decision overturned after the appeal , the applicant shall be reimbursed any costs incurred as a result of the wrongful decision . member states shall provide applicants with information regarding the procedure to be followed in the event of an appeal , as specified in annex v .


### by way of derogation , an application that does not meet the requirements set out in paragraph 1 may be considered admissible on humanitarian grounds or for reasons of national interest . ### by way of derogation , an application that does not meet the requirements set out in paragraph 1 shall be considered admissible when the member state concerned considers it necessary on humanitarian grounds , for reasons of national interest or because of international obligations .


### applicants referred to in paragraph 3 who have lawfully used the multiple entry visa valid for three years shall be issued a multiple entry visa valid for five years provided that the application is lodged no later than one year from the expiry date of the multiple entry visa valid for three years . ### applicants who have lawfully used the multiple entry visa referred to in paragraph 3 shall be issued a new multiple entry visa valid for at least five years provided that the application is lodged no later than one year from the expiry date of the multiple entry visa referred to in paragraph 3 .


### it is necessary to set out rules on the transit through international areas of airports in order to combat irregular immigration . to this end a common list of third countries the nationals of which should be required to hold airport transit visas should be established . nevertheless , when a member state experiences a sudden and substantial influx of irregular immigrants , it should be be able to introduce temporarily the airport transit visa requirement for nationals of a given third country . the conditions and procedures for doing so should be laid down , in order to ensure that the application of this measure is limited in time and that in accordance with the principle of proportionality , it does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve the objective . the scope of the airport transit visa requirement should be limited to responding to the specific situation that prompted the introduction of the measure . ### it is necessary to set out rules on the transit through international areas of airports in order to combat irregular immigration . to this end a common list of third countries the nationals of which should be required to hold airport transit visas should be established . nevertheless , when a member state experiences a sudden and substantial influx of irregular immigrants , it should be able to introduce temporarily the airport transit visa requirement for nationals of a given third country . the conditions and procedures for doing so should be laid down , in order to ensure that the application of this measure is limited in time and that in accordance with the principle of proportionality , it does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve the objective . the scope of the airport transit visa requirement should be limited to responding to the specific situation that prompted the introduction of the measure , and should be decided following a consultation of the commission and taking into consideration the position of the other member states .


### documents relating to accommodation ; ### documents relating to accommodation or proof of sufficient means to cover the costs of accommodation ;


### it should be presumed that applicants who are registered in vis and have obtained and lawfully used two visas within the 12 months prior to the application fulfil the entry conditions regarding the risk of irregular immigration and the need to possess sufficient means of subsistence . however , this presumption should be rebuttable where the competent authorities establish that one or more of these conditions are not fulfilled in individual cases . ### it should be presumed that applicants who are registered in vis and have obtained and lawfully used two visas within the 18 months prior to the application fulfil the entry conditions regarding the risk of irregular immigration and the need to possess sufficient means of subsistence . however , this presumption should be rebuttable where the competent authorities establish that one or more of these conditions are not fulfilled in individual cases .


### the consulate shall allow to lodge the application either without prior appointment or with an immediate appointment to family members of union citizens as referred to in article 3 of directive 2004 / 38 / ec . ### the consulate shall allow direct access to it and to lodge the application either without prior appointment or with an immediate appointment to family members of union citizens as referred to in article 3 of directive 2004 / 38 / ec .


### the content of the electronic version of the application form , if applicable , shall be as set out in annex i . ### the application form shall be available in an electronic version and the content of the electronic version of the application form shall be as set out in annex i .


### vis registered regular travellers who have lawfully used the two previously obtained visas shall be issued a multiple entry visa valid for at least three years . ### vis registered regular travellers who have lawfully used the previously obtained visas shall be issued a multiple entry visa valid for at least five years .


### applicants referred to in paragraph 3 who have lawfully used the multiple entry visa valid for three years shall be issued a multiple entry visa valid for five years provided that the application is lodged no later than one year from the expiry date of the multiple entry visa valid for three years . ### applicants referred to in paragraph 3 who have lawfully used the multiple entry visa valid for three years shall be issued a multiple entry visa valid for five years provided that the application is lodged no later than one year after the expiry date of the multiple entry visa valid for three years .


### a visa with limited territorial validity shall be issued exceptionally , in the following cases : ### a visa with limited territorial validity shall be issued in the following cases :


### applicants who have been refused a visa shall have the right to appeal . appeals shall be instituted against the member state that has taken the final decision on the application and in accordance with the national law of that member state . member states shall provide applicants with detailed information regarding the procedure to be followed in the event of an appeal , as specified in annex v . ### applicants who have been refused a visa shall have the right to appeal including the right to a judicial remedy . member states shall ensure that their national appeal procedures in visa cases are swift and easily accessible . appeals shall be instituted against the member state that has taken the final decision on the application and in accordance with the national law of that member state . where a member state is represented by another member state in accordance with article 5 or 39 , the represented state is considered as the member state taking the final decision . in case of a decision overturned after the appeal , the applicant shall be reimbursed any costs incurred as a result of the wrongful decision . member states shall provide applicants with detailed information regarding the procedure to be followed in the event of an appeal , as specified in annex v .


### member states may require applicants to present a proof of sponsorship and / or private accommodation by completing a form drawn up by each member state . that form shall indicate in particular : ### where applicants receive financial support or intend to stay with a host , consulates may require those applicants to present a proof of sponsorship and / or private accommodation by completing a form . that form shall indicate :


### the presumption referred to in paragraph 2 shall not apply where the consulate has reasonable doubts about the fulfilment of these entry conditions based on information stored in the vis , such as decisions annulling a previous visa , or in the passport , such as entry and exit stamps . in such cases , the consulates may carry out an interview and request additional documents . ### the presumption referred to in paragraph 2 shall not apply where the consulate has reasonable doubts about the fulfilment of these entry conditions based on information stored in the vis , such as decisions annulling a previous visa , or in the passport , such as entry and exit stamps . in such cases , the consulates may carry out an interview and request additional documents as set out in annex ii .


### applications may be lodged six months before and no later than 15 calendar days before the start of the intended visit . ### applications may be lodged nine months before and no later than 15 calendar days before the start of the intended visit .


### member states may require applicants to present a proof of sponsorship and / or private accommodation by completing a form drawn up by each member state . that form shall indicate in particular : ### where applicants receive financial support or intend to stay with a host , member states may require those applicants to present a proof of sponsorship and / or private accommodation by completing a form drawn up by each member state . that form shall indicate :


### the member state may prolong the application of the airport transit visa requirement only once where the lifting of the requirement would lead to a substantial influx of irregular migrants . paragraph 3 shall apply to such prolongation . ### the member state may prolong the application of the airport transit visa requirement only once where the lifting of the requirement would lead to a substantial influx of irregular migrants . paragraph 3 , 4 and 5 shall apply to such prolongation .


### ' vis registered regular traveller ' means a visa applicant who is registered in the visa information system and who has obtained two visas within the 12 months prior to the application ; ### ' vis registered regular traveller ' means a visa applicant who : is registered in the visa information system and has obtained a visa within the 18 months prior to the application ; or has previously obtained a multiple entry visa , a national visa or a national residence permit issued by a member state which was valid for at least six months , provided that the application is lodged no later than 12 months after the expiry of that multiple entry visa , national visa or national residence permit .


### ' vis registered regular traveller ' means a visa applicant who is registered in the visa information system and who has obtained two visas within the 12 months prior to the application . ### ' vis registered regular traveller ' means a visa applicant who is registered in the visa information system and who has obtained two visas within the 18 months prior to the application .


### a multiple - entry visa valid for up to 5 years may be issued to an applicant who proves the need or justifies the intention to travel frequently and / or regularly provided that the applicant proves his integrity and reliability , in particular the lawful use of previous uniform visas or visas with limited territorial validity , his economic situation in the country of origin and his genuine intention to leave the territory of the member states before the expiry of the visa for which he has applied . ### a multiple - entry visa valid for up to 5 years shall also be issued to a family member of a union citizens as referred to in article 3 of directive 2004 / 38 / ec as well as an applicant who proves the need or justifies the intention to travel frequently and / or regularly provided that the applicant proves his integrity and reliability , in particular the lawful use of previous uniform visas , or visas with limited territorial validity , national long - stay visas or residence permits issued by a member state , his economic situation in the country of origin and his genuine intention to leave the territory of the member states before the expiry of the visa for which he has applied .


### during the examination of an application , consulates may in justified cases carry out an interview and request additional documents . ### during the examination of an application , consulates may in justified cases carry out an interview and request additional documents as set out in annex ii .


### member states may add national entries in the ‘ comments’ section of the visa sticker , which shall neither duplicate the entries established in accordance with the procedure referred to in paragraph 2 nor indicate a specific travel purpose . ### member states may add national entries in the ‘ comments’ section of the visa sticker , which shall neither duplicate the mandatory entries in annex va nor indicate a specific travel purpose .


### it is necessary to make provision for situations in which a member state decides to cooperate with an external service provider for the collection of applications . such arrangements should be established in compliance with the general principles for issuing visas and with the data protection requirements set out in directive 95 / 46 / ec . ### it is necessary to make provision for situations in which a member state decides to cooperate with an external service provider for the collection of applications . such decision may be taken if , in particular circumstances or for reasons relating to the local situation , other solutions are not possible . such arrangements should be established in compliance with the general principles for issuing visas and with the data protection requirements set out in directive 95 / 46 / ec . where a member state has decided to cooperate with an external service provider , it should maintain the possibility for applicants to lodge applications directly at its diplomatic missions or consular posts except where security considerations do not allow for such a possibility .


### applicants referred to in paragraph 3 who have lawfully used the multiple entry visa valid for three years shall be issued a multiple entry visa valid for five years provided that the application is lodged no later than one year from the expiry date of the multiple entry visa valid for three years . ### applicants who have lawfully used the multiple entry visa referred to in paragraph 3 shall be issued a new multiple entry visa valid for at least five years provided that the application is lodged no later than one year from the expiry date of the multiple entry visa referred to in paragraph 3 .


### the commission shall establish a schengen visa internet website containing all relevant information relating to the application for a visa . ### the commission shall establish a schengen visa internet website containing all relevant information relating to the application for a visa . that website shall be available in all official languages of the union and the main language of the five third countries with the highest number of schengen visa applications . it shall be accessible in all formats necessary to ensure accessibility for people with disabilities . in addition , that website shall provide the contact details of , and the web links to , the consulates of the member states competent for examining a visa application .


### in the examination of an application for a uniform visa lodged by a vis registered regular traveller who has lawfully used the two previously obtained visas , it shall be presumed that the applicant fulfils the entry conditions regarding the risk of irregular immigration , a risk to the security of the member states , and the possession of sufficient means of subsistence . ### in the examination of an application for a uniform visa lodged by a vis registered regular traveller who has lawfully used the previously obtained visa , it shall be presumed that the applicant fulfils the entry conditions regarding the risk of irregular immigration , a risk to the security of the member states , and the possession of sufficient means of subsistence .


### a seafarer who is required to be in possession of a visa when crossing the external borders of the member states may be issued with a visa for the purpose of transit at the border where : ### a seafarer who is required to be in possession of a visa when crossing the external borders of the member states shall be issued with a visa for the purpose of transit at the border where :


### a visa may be issued for one or multiple entries . the period of validity of a multiple entry visa shall not exceed five years . the period of validity of a multiple entry visa may extend beyond the period of validity of the passport to which the visa is affixed . ### a visa may be issued for one or multiple entries . the period of validity of a multiple entry visa shall not exceed ten years . the period of validity of a multiple entry visa may extend beyond the period of validity of the passport to which the visa is affixed .


### by derogation from article 10a to , member states which had in 2013 a gdp per capita in eur at market prices below 60% of the union average may give a transitional free allocation to installations for electricity production for the modernisation of the energy sector . ### by derogation from article 10a to , member states which had in 2013 a gdp per capita expressed in purchasing power standards in eur at market prices below 60% of the union average may give a transitional free allocation to installations for electricity generators for the modernisation and diversification of the energy sector . this derogation shall end after 2030 .


### ' 3 . member states shall determine the use of revenues generated from the auctioning of allowances . at least 50 % of the revenues generated from the auctioning of allowances referred to in paragraph 2 , including all revenues from the auctioning referred to in paragraph 2 , points and , or the equivalent in financial value of these revenues , should be used for one or more of the following : ' ### in paragraph 3 , the introductory part is replaced by the following : ' 3 . member states shall determine the use of revenues generated from the auctioning of allowances . 100 % of the revenues generated from the auctioning of allowances referred to in paragraph 2 , including all revenues from the auctioning referred to in paragraph 2 , points and , or the equivalent in financial value of these revenues , shall be used for one or more of the following : '