### european research council frontier research actions , european innovation council actions , training and mobility actions or programme co - fund actions may be implemented by one or more legal entities , one of which must be established in a member state or associated country . ### european research council frontier research actions , european innovation council actions , training and mobility actions or programme co - fund actions may be implemented by one or more legal entities , one of which must be established in a member state or associated country in the meaning of article 12 .


### coordination and support actions may be implemented by one or more legal entities , which may be established in a member state , associated country or in another third country . ### support actions may be implemented by one or more legal entities , which may be established in a member state or associated country .


### the third country is identified in the work programme adopted by the commission ; or ### the non - associated third country is identified in the work programme and ;


### the commission or funding body consider that its participation is essential for implementing the action ; ### the commission or funding body consider that its participation is essential for implementing the action ; and


### for all actions , except for eic pathfinder transition activities , the content of the calls for proposals shall be included in the work programme . ### for all actions the content of the calls for proposals shall be included in the work programme .


### are to be carried out by the joint research centre or legal entities identified in the work programme and ### are to be carried out by the joint research centre or public authorities with which the joint research centre has agreed to cooperate under a memorandum of understanding


### in the case of a joint call , joint procedures shall be established for selection and evaluation of proposals . the procedures shall involve a balanced group of experts appointed by each party . ### in the case of applications submitted by consortiums tendering jointly , with the proviso that the minimum requirements set out in article 18 of this regulation must always be complied with , joint procedures shall be established for selection and evaluation of proposals . the procedures shall involve a balanced group of experts appointed by each party .


### the contractor generating results in pre - commercial procurement shall own at least the attached intellectual property rights . the contracting authorities shall enjoy at least royalty - free access rights to the results for their own use and the right to grant , or require the participating contractors to grant , non - exclusive licences to third parties to exploit the results for the contracting authority under fair and reasonable conditions without any right to sub - license . if a contractor fails to commercially exploit the results within a given period after the pre - commercial procurement as identified in the contract , the contracting authorities can require it to transfer any ownership of the results to the contracting authorities . ### the contractor generating results in pre - commercial procurement shall own the attached intellectual property rights . the contracting authorities shall enjoy royalty - free access rights to the results for their own use and the right to grant , or require the participating contractors to grant , non - exclusive licences to third parties to exploit the results for the contracting authority under fair and reasonable conditions without any right to sub - license . if a contractor fails to commercially exploit the results within a given period after the pre - commercial procurement as agreed in the contract , the contracting authorities can require it to transfer any ownership of the results to the contracting authorities .


### selection criteria ### financial capacity of applicants


### quality and efficiency of the implementation . ### quality and efficiency of the implementation , including the use of research infrastructures which have been supported by eu funding programmes ;


### evaluation review procedure ### evaluation review procedure , enquiries and complaints


### the grant agreement may establish milestones and related pre - financing installments . if milestones are not met , the action may be suspended , amended or terminated . ### the grant agreement may establish milestones and related pre - financing instalments . if milestones are not met , the action may be suspended , amended or terminated , upon evaluation by independent experts .


### the grant agreement may establish milestones and related pre - financing installments . if milestones are not met , the action may be suspended , amended or terminated . ### the grant agreement may establish milestones and related pre - financing installments . if milestones are not met , the action may be suspended , amended , in case no corrective action is found , or terminated .


### a single funding rate per action shall apply for all activities it funds . the maximum rate shall be fixed in the work programme . ### a single funding rate per action shall apply for all activities it funds . the maximum rate is fixed in article 30 .


### the mechanism may be opened to beneficiaries of any other directly managed union programme . the commission shall adopt modalities for participation of beneficiaries of other programmes . ### the mechanism may be extended to beneficiaries of any other directly managed union programme . the commission shall adopt modalities for participation of beneficiaries of other programmes .


### beneficiaries having received union funding shall adequately protect their results if protection is possible and justified , taking into account all relevant considerations , including the prospects for commercial exploitation . when deciding on protection , beneficiaries shall also consider the legitimate interests of the other beneficiaries in the action . ### beneficiaries having received union funding shall adequately protect their results if protection is possible and justified , taking into account all relevant considerations , including the prospects for commercial exploitation and other legitimate interests such as data protection rules , privacy , intellectual property rights and security rules , coupled with the global economic competitiveness of the eu . when deciding on protection , beneficiaries shall also consider the legitimate interests of the other beneficiaries in the action .


### beneficiaries having received union funding shall use their best efforts to exploit their results , in particular in the union . exploitation may be done directly by the beneficiaries or indirectly in particular through the transfer and licensing of results in accordance with article 36 . ### beneficiaries having received union funding shall exploit their results , substantially in the union . such exploitation may be done directly by the beneficiaries or indirectly in particular through the transfer and licensing of results in accordance with article 36 .


### beneficiaries shall ensure that open access to scientific publications applies under the terms and conditions laid down in the grant agreement . in particular , the beneficiaries shall ensure that they or the authors retain sufficient intellectual property rights to comply with their open access requirements . ### beneficiaries shall ensure that fair open access to scientific publications applies under the terms and conditions laid down in the grant agreement . in particular , the beneficiaries shall ensure that they or the authors retain sufficient intellectual property rights to comply with fair open access requirements .


### the beneficiaries shall further develop the plan during and after the end of the action . ### the beneficiaries may further detail the plan during the action .


### unless agreed otherwise in writing for specifically - identified third parties , a beneficiary may object to the transfer if it can show that the transfer would adversely affect its access rights . in this case , the transfer may not take place until agreement has been reached between the beneficiaries concerned . ### unless agreed otherwise in writing for specifically - identified third parties , a beneficiary may object to the transfer if it can show that the transfer would adversely affect its access rights . in this case , the transfer may not take place until agreement has been reached between the beneficiaries concerned . the grant agreement shall lay down time - limits in this respect .


### the transfer or licence is to a legal entity established in a non - associated third country ; and ### the transfer or licence is to a legal entity established in a third country ; and


### in actions under the cluster ‘ inclusive and secure society’ , area of intervention ‘ protection and security’ , beneficiaries having received union funding shall also grant access to their results on a royalty - free basis to member states ' national authorities , for developing , implementing and monitoring their policies or programmes in that area . access shall be limited to non - commercial and non - competitive use and shall be granted upon bilateral agreement defining specific conditions aimed at ensuring that those rights will be used only for the intended purpose and that appropriate confidentiality obligations will be in place . the requesting member state , union institution , body , office or agency shall notify all member states of such requests . ### in actions under the cluster ‘ secure societies’ , area of intervention ‘ protection and security’ , beneficiaries having received union funding shall also grant access to their results on a royalty - free basis to member states ' national authorities , for developing , implementing and monitoring their policies or programmes in that area . access shall be limited to non - commercial and non - competitive use and shall be granted upon bilateral agreement defining specific conditions aimed at ensuring that those rights will be used only for the intended purpose and that appropriate confidentiality obligations will being place . the requesting member state , union institution , body , office or agency shall notify all member states and the eu institutions of such requests and their purpose .


### specific rules on ownership , exploitation and dissemination , transfer and licensing as well as access rights may apply for erc actions , training and mobility actions , pre - commercial procurement actions , public procurement of innovative solutions actions , programme co - fund actions and coordination and support actions . ### specific rules on ownership , exploitation and dissemination , transfer and licensing as well as access rights and portability may apply for erc actions , training and mobility actions , pre - commercial procurement actions , public procurement of innovative solutions actions , programme co - fund actions and coordination and support actions .


### these specific rules shall not change the obligations on open access . ### these specific rules shall not change the principles of open access to research results and fair access to research data .


### any legal entity , regardless of its place of establishment , may participate in a contest , unless otherwise provided in the work programme or rules of contests . ### any legal entity respecting the fundamental values and principles of the european union as laid out in the charter of fundamental rights of the european union , regardless of its place of establishment , may participate in a contest , unless otherwise provided in the work programme or rules of contests .


### third countries , including their scientific and technological organisations or agencies ; ### associated countries , including their scientific and technological organisations or agencies ;


### eic blended finance shall be implemented in accordance with article 43 . the support under the eic blended finance may be granted until the action can be financed as a blending operation or as a financing and investment operation fully covered by the eu guarantee under investeu . by derogation from article 209 of the financial regulation , the conditions laid down in paragraph and , in particular , paragraph and , do not apply at the time of the award of eic blended finance ### eic blended finance shall be implemented in accordance with article 43 . the support under the eic blended finance may be granted until the action can be financed as a financing and investment operation fully covered by the eu guarantee under investeu . by derogation from article 209 of the financial regulation , the conditions laid down in paragraph and , in particular , paragraph and , do not apply at the time of the award of eic blended finance


### eic blended finance shall be implemented in accordance with article 43 . the support under the eic blended finance may be granted until the action can be financed as a blending operation or as a financing and investment operation fully covered by the eu guarantee under investeu . by derogation from article 209 of the financial regulation , the conditions laid down in paragraph and , in particular , paragraph and , do not apply at the time of the award of eic blended finance ### eic blended finance shall be implemented in accordance with article 43 . the support under the eic blended finance may be granted until the action can be financed as a blending operation or as a financing and investment operation fully bankable or covered by the eu guarantee under investeu . by derogation from article 209 of the financial regulation , the conditions laid down in paragraph and , in particular , paragraph and , do not apply at the time of the award of eic blended finance


### the beneficiary of the eic accelerator shall be a legal entity qualifying as a start - up , an sme or as a mid - cap , established in a member state or associated country . the proposal may be submitted by the beneficiary , or by one or more natural persons or legal entities intending to establish or support that beneficiary . ### the beneficiary of the eic accelerator shall be a legal entity qualifying as a start - up , an sme or as a mid - cap , established in a member state , associated country , efta country or a former member of previous framework programmes . the proposal may be submitted by the beneficiary , or by one or more natural persons or legal entities intending to establish or support that beneficiary .


### the beneficiary of the eic accelerator shall be a legal entity qualifying as a start - up , an sme or as a mid - cap , established in a member state or associated country . the proposal may be submitted by the beneficiary , or by one or more natural persons or legal entities intending to establish or support that beneficiary . ### the beneficiary of the first market entry and eic accelerator instruments shall be a legal entity qualifying as a start - up , a scale - up , an sme or as a mid - cap , established in a member state or associated country . the proposal may be submitted by the beneficiary , or by one or more natural persons or legal entities intending to establish or support that beneficiary .


### the beneficiary of the eic accelerator shall be a legal entity qualifying as a start - up , an sme or as a mid - cap , established in a member state or associated country . the proposal may be submitted by the beneficiary , or by one or more natural persons or legal entities intending to establish or support that beneficiary . ### the beneficiary of the eic accelerator shall be a legal entity qualifying as a start - up or as an sme , established in a member state or associated country . the proposal shall be submitted by the beneficiary , or by one or more natural persons or legal entities intending to establish that beneficiary .


### a single award decision shall cover and provide funding for all forms of union contribution provided under eic blended finance . ### a single award decision shall provide a grant of at least 70% of the total eligible costs .


### eic’s accelerator ### the accelerator


### with the agreement of applicants concerned , the commission or funding bodies implementing horizon europe may directly submit for evaluation under the last evaluation criterion a proposal for an innovation and market deployment action which already fulfils the first two criteria , subject to the following cumulative conditions : ### with the agreement of applicants concerned , the commission or funding bodies implementing horizon europe may directly submit for evaluation under the last evaluation criterion a proposal for an innovation and market deployment action in the union which already fulfils the first two criteria , subject to the following cumulative conditions :


### in accordance with the contract , the action shall be suspended , amended or terminated if milestones are not met . it may also be terminated where the expected market deployment cannot be met . ### in accordance with the contract , the action shall be suspended , amended or terminated if measurable milestones are not met . it may also be terminated where the expected market deployment in the union cannot be met .


### by derogation from article 237 of the financial regulation , external experts may be selected without a call for expressions of interest , if justified and the selection is carried out in a transparent manner . ### by derogation from article 237 of the financial regulation , independent external experts may be selected on a basis other than a call for expressions of interest only if such a call did not enable appropriate experts to be found . any alternative methods shall be duly justified .


### the commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 50 concerning amendments to annex v to supplement or amend the impact pathway indicators , where considered necessary , and set baselines and targets . ### the commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 50 concerning amendments to annex v to supplement or amend the impact pathway indicators .


### the performance reporting system shall ensure that data for monitoring programme implementation and results are collected efficiently , effectively and in a timely manner . to that end , proportionate reporting requirements shall be imposed on recipients of union funds and member states . ### the performance reporting system shall ensure that data for monitoring programme implementation and results are collected efficiently , effectively and in a timely manner . to that end , proportionate reporting requirements shall be imposed on recipients of union funds and on the member states concerned .


### the commission shall also establish a dissemination and exploitation strategy for increasing the availability and diffusion of the programme’s research and innovation results and knowledge to accelerate exploitation towards market uptake and boost the impact of the programme . financial resources allocated to the programme shall also contribute to the corporate communication of the political priorities of the union as well as information , communication , publicity , dissemination and exploitation activities as far as they are related to the objectives referred to in article 3 . ### the commission shall also establish a dissemination and exploitation strategy for increasing the availability and diffusion of the programme’s research and innovation results and knowledge to accelerate exploitation towards the uptake in the market , the public sector and the civil society and boost the impact of the programme , ensuring that the results of the research do not end up being a factor for social inequality . financial resources allocated to the programme shall also contribute to the corporate communication of the political priorities of the union as well as information , communication , publicity , dissemination and exploitation activities as far as they are related to the objectives referred to in article 3 .


### programme evaluations shall be carried out in a timely manner to feed into the decision - making process on the programme , its successor and other initiatives relevant to research and innovation . ### the commission shall ensure regular monitoring and external evaluation of the programme . it shall monitor the programme performance annually , tracking performance indicators in accordance with article 45 , paragraph 1 .


### the interim evaluation of the programme shall be carried out once there is sufficient information available about the implementation of the programme , but no later than four years after the start of the programme implementation . it shall include an assessment of the long - term impact of previous framework programmes and shall form the basis to adjust programme implementation , as appropriate . ### the commission shall submit the interim evaluation report referred to in paragraph 1a to the european parliament , the council , the european economic and social committee and the committee of the regions no later than 31 december 2024 . it shall include an assessment of the long - term impact of previous framework programmes .


### at the end of the implementation of the programme , but no later than four years after the end of the period specified in article 1 , a final evaluation of the programme shall be completed by the commission . it shall include an assessment of the long - term impact of previous framework programmes . ### on the basis of a final external and independent evaluation , the commission shall establish a final evaluation report of the programme , which assesses its longer - term impacts and its sustainability . it shall also include an assessment of the long - term impact of previous framework programmes .


### the commission shall communicate the conclusions of the evaluations accompanied by its observations , to the european parliament , the council , the european economic and social committee and the committee of the regions . ### the commission shall submit the final evaluation report referred to in paragraph 3 to the european parliament , the council , the european economic and social committee and the committee of the regions no later than 31 december 2030 .


### audits may be carried out up to two years after the payment of the balance . ### audits may be carried out up to two years after the end date of the project .


### in accordance with article 127 of the financial regulation , the commission or funding body may rely on audits on the use of union contributions carried out by other persons or entities , including by other than those mandated by the union institutions or bodies . ### in accordance with article 127 of the financial regulation , the commission or funding body shall rely on audits on the use of union contributions carried out by other certified persons or entities , including by other than those mandated by the union institutions or bodies .


### european research council : providing attractive and flexible funding to enable talented and creative individual researchers and their teams to pursue the most promising avenues at the frontier of science , on the basis of union - wide competition . ### european research council : providing attractive and flexible funding to enable talented and creative individual researchers , with emphasis on young researchers , and their teams to pursue the most promising avenues at the frontier of science , on the basis of union - wide competition .


### marie skłodowska - curie actions : equipping researchers with new knowledge and skills through mobility and exposure across borders , sectors and disciplines , as well as structuring and improving institutional and national recruitment , training and career development systems ; in so doing , the marie skłodowska - curie actions help to lay the foundations of europe ' s excellent research landscape , contributing to boosting jobs , growth , and investment , and solving current and future societal challenges . ### marie skłodowska - curie actions : equipping researchers with new knowledge , skills and competences through mobility and exposure across borders , sectors and disciplines , as well as structuring and improving institutional and national recruitment , training and career development systems ; in so doing , the marie skłodowska - curie actions help to lay the foundations of europe ' s excellent research landscape , contributing to boosting jobs , growth , and investment , and solving current and future societal challenges .


### marie skłodowska - curie actions : equipping researchers with new knowledge and skills through mobility and exposure across borders , sectors and disciplines , as well as structuring and improving institutional and national recruitment , training and career development systems ; in so doing , the marie skłodowska - curie actions help to lay the foundations of europe ' s excellent research landscape , contributing to boosting jobs , growth , and investment , and solving current and future societal challenges . ### marie skłodowska - curie actions : equipping researchers with new knowledge and skills through mobility and exposure across borders , sectors and disciplines , as well as structuring and improving institutional and national recruitment , training and career development systems ; in so doing , the marie skłodowska - curie actions help to lay the foundations of europe ' s excellent research landscape across the whole europe , contributing to boosting jobs , growth , and investment , and solving current and future societal challenges .


### areas of intervention : nurturing excellence through mobility of researchers across borders , sectors and disciplines ; fostering new skills through excellent training of researchers ; strengthening human capital and skills development across the european research area ; improving and facilitating synergies ; promoting public outreach . ### areas of intervention : nurturing excellence through mobility of researchers across borders , sectors and disciplines ; fostering new skills , competences and knowledge through excellent training of researchers ; strengthening human capital and skills development across the european research area ; improving and facilitating synergies ; promoting public outreach .


### pillar ii ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' ### pillar ii ' global challenges and european industrial competitiveness '


### to maximise impact flexibility and synergies , research and innovation activities will be organised in five clusters , which individually and together will incentivise interdisciplinary , cross - sectoral , cross - policy , cross - border and international cooperation . ### to maximise impact flexibility and synergies , research and innovation activities will be organised in six clusters , interconnected through pan - european research infrastructures , which individually and together will incentivise interdisciplinary , cross - sectoral , cross - policy , cross - border and international cooperation .


### cluster ' health ' : improving and protecting the health of citizens at all ages , by developing innovative solutions to prevent , diagnose , monitor , treat and cure diseases ; mitigating health risks , protecting populations and promoting good health ; making public health systems more cost - effective , equitable and sustainable ; and supporting and enabling patients ' participation and self - management . ### cluster ' health ' : improving and protecting the health of citizens at all ages , by developing innovative , effective , safe and accessible solutions , including through policy research , to prevent , diagnose , monitor , treat and cure diseases , including diseases associated with high mortality and long - term morbidity ; mitigating health risks , protecting populations and promoting good health ; making public health systems more cost - effective , person - centred , equitable and sustainable ; and supporting and enabling patients ' participation and self - management .


### cluster ' inclusive and secure society ' : strengthening european democratic values , including rule of law and fundamental rights , safeguarding our cultural heritage , and promoting socio - economic transformations that contribute to inclusion and growth , while responding to the challenges arising from persistent security threats , including cybercrime , as well as natural and man - made disasters . ### cluster ' inclusive educated and creative society ' : strengthening european democratic values , including rule of law and fundamental rights , enhancing citizens ' participation by promoting e - democracy tools and media literacy initiatives , developing and safeguarding our culture and cultural heritage , supporting in particular research and innovation activities for the development of artistic research in the digital field , of ict technologies for the preservation and digitisation of tangible and intangible cultural heritage as well , exploring the potential of cultural and creative sectors and promoting sustainable socio - economic transformations that contribute to accessibility , inclusion and growth including research related to migration management and integration of migrants .


### areas of intervention : democracy ; cultural heritage ; social and economic transformations ; disaster - resilient societies ; protection and security ; cybersecurity ### areas of intervention : democracy , e - democracy and fundamental rights ; culture and cultural heritage ; media literacy ; education ; social and economic transformations ; cultural and creative industries and sectors ; accessibility for persons with disabilities to all products and services


### areas of intervention : manufacturing technologies ; digital technologies ; advanced materials ; artificial intelligence and robotics ; next generation internet ; high performance computing and big data ; circular industries ; low carbon and clean industry ; space ### areas of intervention : manufacturing technologies ; digital technologies ; cultural and creative industries and sectors - e . g . augmented reality / virtual reality , immersive environments , human computer interfaces , internet protocol and cloud infrastructures , 5g , new media ; technological management of intellectual property rights ; advanced materials ; artificial intelligence and robotics ; blockchain ; next generation internet ; high performance computing and big data ; circular industries ; low carbon and clean industry ; space .


### cluster ' climate , energy and mobility ' : fighting climate change by better understanding its causes , evolution , risks , impacts and opportunities , and by making the energy and transport sectors more climate and environment - friendly , more efficient and competitive , smarter , safer and more resilient . ### cluster ' climate , energy and mobility ' : fighting climate change by better understanding its causes , evolution , risks , impacts and opportunities , and by making the energy and transport sectors , especially in urban environments , climate and environment - friendly , more efficient and competitive , smarter , safer and more resilient ; enabling sustainable cultural heritage : researching into strategies and tools necessary for its safeguard whilst providing a better response to changing environment and more frequent extreme climatic events .


### areas of intervention : climate science and solutions ; energy supply ; energy systems and grids ; buildings and industrial facilities in energy transition ; communities and cities ; industrial competitiveness in transport ; clean transport and mobility ; smart mobility ; energy storage . ### areas of intervention : climate science and solutions ; energy supply and demand ; energy systems and grids ; buildings and industrial facilities in energy transition ; communities and cities ; islands and outermost regions ; industrial competitiveness in transport ; clean transport and mobility ; smart mobility ; energy storage .


### areas of intervention : environmental observation ; biodiversity and natural capital ; agriculture , forestry and rural areas ; sea and oceans ; food systems ; bio - based innovation systems ; circular systems ### areas of intervention : environmental observation ; biodiversity and natural capital ; agriculture , forestry and rural areas ; sea and oceans ; food systems ; bio - based innovation systems ; circular systems ; bioeconomy ; precision agriculture ; food and nutrition ; food for health .


### through the following activities , this pillar will , in line with article 4 , foster all forms of innovation , including breakthrough innovation , and strengthen market deployment of innovative solutions . it will also contribute to the programme ' s other specific objectives as described in article 3 . ### through the following activities , this pillar will , in line with article 4 , foster all forms of innovation , including breakthrough technological and social innovation , and strengthen market deployment of innovative solutions , in particular by start - ups and smes working together with research institutions . it will also contribute to the programme ' s other specific objectives as described in article 3 .


### through the following activities , this part will , in line with article 4 , optimise the programme ' s delivery for increased impact within a strengthened european research area . it will also support the programme ' s other specific objectives as described in article 3 . while underpinning the entire programme , this part will support activities that contribute to a more knowledge - based and innovative and gender - equal europe , at the front edge of global competition , thereby optimising national strengths and potential across europe in a well - performing european research area , where knowledge and a highly skilled workforce circulate freely , where the outcomes of r&i are understood and trusted by informed citizens and benefit society as a whole , and where eu policy , notably r&i policy , is based on high quality scientific evidence . ### through the following activities , this part will , in line with article 4 , optimise the programme ' s delivery for increased impact and attractiveness within a strengthened european research area . it will also support the programme ' s other specific objectives as described in article 3 . while underpinning the entire programme , this part will support activities that contribute to attract talent in the union and tackle brain drain . it will also contribute to a more knowledge - based and innovative and gender - equal europe , at the front edge of global competition , thereby optimising national strengths and potential across the whole of europe in a well - performing european research area , where knowledge and a highly skilled workforce circulate freely in a balanced manner , where the outcomes of r&i are understood and trusted by informed citizens and benefit society as a whole , and where eu policy , notably r&i policy , is based on high quality scientific evidence .


### –research and innovation action : action primarily consisting of activities aiming to establish new knowledge and / or to explore the feasibility of a new or improved technology , product , process , service or solution . this may include basic and applied research , technology development and integration , testing and validation on a small - scale prototype in a laboratory or simulated environment ; ### –research and innovation action : action primarily consisting of activities aiming to establish new knowledge and / or to explore the feasibility of a new or improved technology , product , process , service or solution . this may include basic and applied research , technology development and integration , testing and validation on a small - scale prototype in a laboratory or simulated environment . the fast track to research and innovation logic will be applied for a selected number of collaborative research and innovation actions .


### –programme co - fund action : action to provide co - funding to a programme of activities established and / or implemented by entities managing and / or funding research and innovation programmes , other than union funding bodies . such a programme of activities may support networking and coordination , research , innovation , pilot actions , and innovation and market deployment actions , training and mobility actions , awareness raising and communication , dissemination and exploitation , or a combination thereof , directly implemented by those entities or by third parties to whom they may provide any relevant financial support such as grants , prizes , procurement , as well as horizon europe blended finance ; ### –programme co - fund action : action to provide co - funding to a programme of activities established and / or implemented by entities managing and / or funding research and innovation programmes , other than union funding bodies . such a programme of activities may support interconnection , networking and coordination , research , innovation , pilot actions , and innovation and market deployment actions , training and mobility actions , awareness raising and communication , dissemination and exploitation , or a combination thereof , directly implemented by those entities or by third parties to whom they may provide any relevant financial support such as grants , prizes , procurement , as well as horizon europe blended finance ;


### evidence that the european partnership is more effective in achieving the related objectives of the programme , in particular in delivering clear impacts for the eu and its citizens , notably in view of delivering on global challenges and research and innovation objectives , securing eu competitiveness and contributing to the strengthening of the european research and innovation area and international commitments ; ### evidence that the european partnership is more effective in achieving the related objectives of the programme , in particular in delivering clear impacts for all eu member states and its citizens , notably in view of delivering on global challenges and research and innovation objectives , securing eu competitiveness and contributing to the strengthening of the european research and innovation area and international commitments ;


### –demonstration of expected qualitative and quantitative leverage effects ; ### –demonstration of expected qualitative and significant quantitative leverage effects ;


### appropriate measures ensuring phasing - out according to the agreed conditions and timeline , without prejudice to possible continued transnational funding by national or other union programmes . ### appropriate measures ensuring phasing - out according to the agreed timeline and conditions agreed with the partners , without prejudice to possible continued transnational funding by national or other union programmes , and without prejudice to private investment and ongoing projects .


### arrangements for complementary funding from esf + can be used to support activities promoting human capital development in research and innovation with the aim of strengthening the european research area ; ### arrangements for complementary funding from esf + can be used to support activities of the programme that promote human capital development in research and innovation with the aim of strengthening the european research area ;


### the programme ' s initiatives for the development of skills and competencies curricula , including those delivered at the co - location centres of the european institute of innovation and technology ' s kic - digital , are complemented by digital europe - supported capacity - building in advanced digital skills ; ### the programme ' s initiatives for the development of skills and competencies curricula , including those delivered at the co - location centres of the european institute of innovation and technology knowledge and innovation communities are complemented by digital europe - supported capacity - building in advanced digital skills ;


### regulation no [ x ] has a central objective of the progressive elimination of discards in all eu fisheries through the introduction of a landing obligation for catches of species subject to catch limits and species covered by minimum sizes in the mediterranean . in order to make this landing obligation operational certain provisions within the current technical measures and control regulations run contrary to the landing obligation and oblige fishermen to discard fish and should be removed or amended . ### regulation no [ x ] has , among its central objectives , the progressive elimination of discards in all union fisheries through the introduction of a landing obligation for catches of species subject to catch limits and species covered by minimum sizes in the mediterranean . in order to make this landing obligation operational certain provisions within the current technical measures and control regulations run contrary to the landing obligation and oblige fishermen to discard fish and should be removed or amended .


### in particular , in order to ensure the implementation of the landing obligation council regulation no 850 / 98 for the conservation of fishery resources through technical measures for the protection of juveniles of marine organisms should be amended by requiring all unintended catches of marine organisms subject to the landing obligation caught in excess of catch composition rules should be landed and counted against quotas ; by replacing minimum landing sizes for marine organisms subject to the landing obligation with minimum conservation reference sizes ; and by requiring all unintended catches of marine organisms caught in excess of bycatch provisions in specific areas , at specific times and for specified gear types to be landed and counted against quotas . ### in particular , in order to ensure the implementation of the landing obligation council regulation no 850 / 98 for the conservation of fishery resources through technical measures for the protection of juveniles of marine organisms should be amended by requiring all unintended catches of marine organisms subject to the landing obligation caught in excess of catch composition rules should be landed and those reaching the minimum conservation reference size counted against quotas ; by replacing minimum landing sizes for marine organisms subject to the landing obligation with minimum conservation reference sizes ; and by requiring all unintended catches of marine organisms caught in excess of bycatch provisions in specific areas , at specific times and for specified gear types to be landed and those reaching the minimum conservation reference size counted against quotas .


### in order to ensure the implementation of the landing obligation control regulation 1224 / 2009 establishing a community control system for ensuring compliance with the rules of the common fisheries policy , amending regulations no 847 / 96 , no 2371 / 2002 , no 811 / 2004 , no 768 / 2005 , no 2115 / 2005 , no 2166 / 2005 , no 388 / 2006 , no 509 / 2007 , no 676 / 2007 , no 1098 / 2007 , no 1300 / 2008 , no 1342 / 2008 and repealing regulations no 2847 / 93 , no 1627 / 94 and no 1966 / 2006 should be amended to ensure monitoring of the landing obligation . for this purpose fishing authorisations should apply to fisheries subject to a landing obligation ; data on catches of all species shall be recorded irrespective of a weight threshold ; data on catches below minimum conservation reference sizes should be recorded separately ; in view of the difficulty to establish the exact quantity of small catches on board a fishing vessel a higher margin of tolerance should apply for estimates of small catches in logbooks and transhipment declarations ; rules for remote electronic monitoring should be established for the recording of data for monitoring the landing obligation at sea ; rules on a separate stowage of catches and control of marketing of catches below minimum conservation reference sizes should be set up ; and the conditions for the use of control observers for monitoring purposes should be defined . ### in order to ensure the implementation of the landing obligation control regulation 1224 / 2009 establishing a community control system for ensuring compliance with the rules of the common fisheries policy , amending regulations no 847 / 96 , no 2371 / 2002 , no 811 / 2004 , no 768 / 2005 , no 2115 / 2005 , no 2166 / 2005 , no 388 / 2006 , no 509 / 2007 , no 676 / 2007 , no 1098 / 2007 , no 1300 / 2008 , no 1342 / 2008 and repealing regulations no 2847 / 93 , no 1627 / 94 and no 1966 / 2006 should be amended to ensure monitoring of the landing obligation . catches of all species should be recorded above a weight threshold of 50 kg ; data on catches below minimum conservation reference sizes should be recorded separately ; in view of the difficulty to establish the exact quantity of small catches on board a fishing vessel a higher margin of tolerance should apply for estimates of small catches in logbooks and transhipment declarations ; member states’ prerogatives as regards monitoring and verifying compliance with the landing obligation at sea should be respected ; rules on a separate stowage of catches and control of marketing of catches below minimum conservation reference sizes should be set up ; and the conditions for the use of control observers for monitoring purposes should be defined .


### in order to ensure the implementation of the landing obligation control regulation 1224 / 2009 establishing a community control system for ensuring compliance with the rules of the common fisheries policy , amending regulations no 847 / 96 , no 2371 / 2002 , no 811 / 2004 , no 768 / 2005 , no 2115 / 2005 , no 2166 / 2005 , no 388 / 2006 , no 509 / 2007 , no 676 / 2007 , no 1098 / 2007 , no 1300 / 2008 , no 1342 / 2008 and repealing regulations no 2847 / 93 , no 1627 / 94 and no 1966 / 2006 should be amended to ensure monitoring of the landing obligation . for this purpose fishing authorisations should apply to fisheries subject to a landing obligation ; data on catches of all species shall be recorded irrespective of a weight threshold ; data on catches below minimum conservation reference sizes should be recorded separately ; in view of the difficulty to establish the exact quantity of small catches on board a fishing vessel a higher margin of tolerance should apply for estimates of small catches in logbooks and transhipment declarations ; rules for remote electronic monitoring should be established for the recording of data for monitoring the landing obligation at sea ; rules on a separate stowage of catches and control of marketing of catches below minimum conservation reference sizes should be set up ; and the conditions for the use of control observers for monitoring purposes should be defined . ### in order to ensure the implementation of the landing obligation control regulation 1224 / 2009 establishing a community control system for ensuring compliance with the rules of the common fisheries policy , amending regulations no 847 / 96 , no 2371 / 2002 , no 811 / 2004 , no 768 / 2005 , no 2115 / 2005 , no 2166 / 2005 , no 388 / 2006 , no 509 / 2007 , no 676 / 2007 , no 1098 / 2007 , no 1300 / 2008 , no 1342 / 2008 and repealing regulations no 2847 / 93 , no 1627 / 94 and no 1966 / 2006 should be amended to ensure monitoring of the landing obligation . data on catches of all species shall be recorded above a threshold of 50kg live weight ; data on catches below minimum conservation reference sizes should be recorded separately ; in view of the difficulty to establish the exact quantity of small catches on board a fishing vessel a higher margin of tolerance should apply for estimates of small catches in logbooks and transhipment declarations ; rules for remote electronic monitoring should be established for the recording of data for monitoring the landing obligation at sea ; rules on a separate stowage of catches and control of marketing of catches below minimum conservation reference sizes should be set up ; and the conditions for the use of control observers for monitoring purposes should be defined .


### as discards constitute a substantial waste and affect negatively the sustainable exploitation of marine biological resources and marine ecosystems and as a general observance of the landing obligation by operators is essential for its success a violation of the landing obligation should be defined as a serious infringement . the introduction of the landing obligation in combination with certain new inter - annual quota flexibility rules , requires adjustment of the rules on the deduction of quotas and effort . ### as the discard obligation under the current legislation constitutes a substantial waste and unintended catches affect negatively the sustainable exploitation of marine biological resources and marine ecosystems and as a general observance of the landing obligation by operators is essential for its success , a violation of the landing obligation should be defined as a simple infringement when this regulation comes into effect and then a serious infringement two years thereafter . the introduction of the landing obligation in combination with certain new inter - annual quota flexibility rules , requires adjustment of the rules on the deduction of quotas and effort .


### “ ‘ unintended catches’ means incidental catches of marine organisms the fishing for which is prohibited in the relevant circumstances . ” ### “ ‘ unintended catches’ means incidental catches of marine organisms that must be landed under article 15 of regulation no 1380 / 2013 . ”


### by way of derogation from the first subparagraph , landings shall not be prohibited where the conditions established in annex x cannot be complied with because of unintended catches of marine organisms subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] . those unintended catches shall be landed and counted against quotas . ### by way of derogation from the first subparagraph , landings shall not be prohibited where the conditions established in annex x cannot be complied with because of unintended catches of marine organisms subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] . those unintended catches shall be landed and , where they exceed the minimum conservation reference sizes , counted against quotas .


### by way of derogation from the first subparagraph , landings shall not be prohibited where the conditions established in annexes i to v cannot be complied with because of unintended catches of marine organisms subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] . those unintended catches shall be landed and counted against quotas . ### by way of derogation from the first subparagraph , landings shall not be prohibited where the conditions established in annexes i to v cannot be complied with because of unintended catches of marine organisms subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] . those unintended catches shall be landed and , where they exceed the minimum conservation reference sizes , counted against quotas .


### by way of derogation from the first subparagraph , the retention on board and the landing shall not be prohibited if the conditions established in that subparagraph cannot be complied with because of unintended catches of marine organisms subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] . those unintended catches shall be landed and counted against quotas . ### by way of derogation from the first subparagraph , the retention on board and the landing shall not be prohibited if the conditions established in that subparagraph cannot be complied with because of unintended catches of marine organisms subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] . those unintended catches shall be landed and , where they exceed the minimum conservation reference sizes , counted against quotas .


### by way of derogation from the first subparagraph , landings shall not be prohibited if the conditions established in that subparagraph cannot be complied with because of unintended catches of marine organisms subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] . those unintended catches shall be landed and counted against quotas . ### by way of derogation from the first subparagraph , landings shall not be prohibited if the conditions established in that subparagraph cannot be complied with because of unintended catches of marine organisms subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] . those unintended catches shall be landed and , where they exceed the minimum conservation reference sizes , counted against quotas .


### before they start fishing in any management area on a specific fishing trip , masters of fishing vessels shall ensure they have quotas for stocks subject to catch limits that are sufficient to cover their likely catch composition and the permitted percentages during that trip . ### masters of fishing vessels shall avoid fishing in areas shown to have a high density of a particular species if they do not have sufficient quotas to market that species .


### undersized marine organisms , which do belong to a species subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] shall be retained on board , landed and counted against quotas . they shall not be sold , displayed or offered for sale for human consumption . ### undersized marine organisms which do belong to a species subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] shall be retained on board and landed . they shall not be sold , displayed or offered for sale for human consumption . after they have been landed , the master of the vessel shall not be responsible for their storage nor for finding market outlets for them .


### undersized marine organisms , which do belong to a species subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] shall be retained on board , landed and counted against quotas . they shall not be sold , displayed or offered for sale for human consumption . ### undersized marine organisms which belong to a species shall be subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation no 1380 / 2013 . article 2 of regulation no 1069 / 2009 and the relevant implementing provisions set out in regulation no 142 / 2011 shall not apply .


### where the fish or shellfish referred to in point of the first subparagraph is subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] , the condition laid down in that point shall be replaced by the condition that such fish or shellfish is not targeted . unintended catches of such fish or shellfish shall be landed and counted against quotas . ### where the fish or shellfish referred to in point of the first subparagraph is subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] , the condition laid down in that point shall be replaced by the condition that such fish or shellfish is not targeted . unintended catches of such fish or shellfish shall be landed and , where they exceed the minimum conservation reference sizes , counted against quotas .


### where the fish referred to in point of the first subparagraph is subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] , the condition laid down in that point shall be replaced by the condition that such fish is not targeted . unintended catches of such fish shall be landed and counted against quotas . ### where the fish referred to in point of the first subparagraph is subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] , the condition laid down in that point shall be replaced by the condition that such fish is not targeted . unintended catches of such fish shall be landed and , where they exceed the minimum conservation reference sizes , counted against quotas .


### unintended catches of undersized marine organisms which are subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] shall be retained on board , and landed . they shall not be sold , displayed or offered for sale for human consumption . ### unintended catches of undersized marine organisms which are subject to the landing obligation set out in article 15 of regulation [ xxxx ] shall be retained on board , and landed . they shall not be sold , displayed or offered for sale for human consumption . after they have been landed , the master of the vessel shall not be responsible for their storage nor for finding market outlets for them .


### the union ' s macro - financial assistance should support moldova ' s commitment to values shared with the union , including democracy , the rule of law , good governance , respect for human rights , sustainable development and poverty reduction , as well as its commitment to the principles of open , rules - based and fair trade . ### the union ' s macro - financial assistance should support moldova ' s commitment to values shared with the union , including democracy , the rule of law , good governance , depoliticisation of appointments in public administration , respect for human rights and free , independent and pluralistic media , sustainable development and poverty reduction , as well as its commitment to the principles of open , rules - based and fair trade ;


### the targets laid down in council directive 1999 / 31 / ec14 setting landfill restrictions should be amended to make them better reflect the union ' s ambition to move to a circular economy and make progress in the implementation of the raw materials initiative15 by reducing landfilling of waste destined for landfills for non - hazardous waste . __________________ 14 council directive 1999 / 31 / ec of 26 april 1999 on the landfill of waste . 15 com 699 and com 297 . ### the targets laid down in council directive 1999 / 31 / ec14 setting landfill restrictions should be amended to make them better reflect the union ' s ambition to move to a circular economy and make progress in the implementation of the raw materials initiative15 by gradually reducing landfilling of waste destined for landfills for non - hazardous waste until it is phased out altogether . __________________ 14 council directive 1999 / 31 / ec of 26 april 1999 on the landfill of waste . 15 com 699 and com 297 .


### clear environmental , economic and social benefits would be derived from further restricting landfilling , starting with waste streams that are subject to separate collection . technical , environmental or economical feasibility of recycling or other recovery of residual waste resulting from separately collected waste should be taken into account in the implementation of these landfill restrictions . ### clear environmental , economic and social benefits would be derived from further restricting landfilling , starting with waste streams that are subject to separate collection . technical , environmental or economic feasibility of high - quality recycling or other recovery of residual waste resulting from separately collected waste should be taken into account in the implementation of these landfill restrictions in order to prevent harmful substances from spreading into the environment .


### clear environmental , economic and social benefits would be derived from further restricting landfilling , starting with waste streams that are subject to separate collection . technical , environmental or economical feasibility of recycling or other recovery of residual waste resulting from separately collected waste should be taken into account in the implementation of these landfill restrictions . ### environmental , economic and social benefits will be derived from further restricting landfilling and prohibiting the landfilling of waste that is subject to separate collection . technical , environmental or economical feasibility of recycling or other recovery of residual waste resulting from separately collected waste should be taken into account in the implementation of these landfill restrictions or prohibitions .


### biodegradable municipal waste accounts for a large proportion of municipal waste . landfilling of untreated biodegradable waste poses significant negative environmental effects in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and pollution of surface water , groundwater , soil and air . while directive 1999 / 31 / ec already sets landfill diversion targets for biodegradable waste it is appropriate to put in place further restrictions on the landfilling of biodegradable waste by prohibiting the landfilling of biodegradable waste that has been separately collected in accordance with article 22 of directive 2008 / 98 / ec . ### biodegradable municipal waste accounts for a large proportion of municipal waste . landfilling of untreated biodegradable waste poses significant negative environmental effects in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and pollution of surface water , groundwater , soil and air . while directive 1999 / 31 / ec already sets landfill diversion targets for biodegradable waste it is appropriate to put in place further restrictions on the landfilling of biodegradable waste , consider national landfill charges , and prohibit the landfilling of biodegradable waste that has been separately collected in accordance with article 22 of directive 2008 / 98 / ec , the object being to prevent landfills from becoming contaminated sites in the future .


### many member states have not yet completely developed the necessary waste management infrastructure . the setting of landfill reduction targets will further facilitate separate collection , sorting and recycling of waste and avoid locking potentially recyclable materials at the bottom of the waste hierarchy . ### many member states have not yet completely developed the necessary waste management infrastructure . the setting of clear landfill reduction targets and the creation of a framework programme with a time schedule for the targets to be met will further encourage and facilitate separate collection , sorting and recycling of waste and avoid locking potentially recyclable materials at the bottom of the waste hierarchy .


### ' the landfill shall be operated in such a manner that the necessary measures are taken to prevent accidents and limit their consequences ; ' ### in article 8 , point iii is replaced by the following : the landfill shall be operated in such a manner that the necessary preventative measures are continuously taken to mitigate the threat of accidents and their subsequent consequences ; '


### ' the protection of the nature or cultural patrimony in the area . ' ### in annex i , point of point 1 . 1 is amended as follows : ' the risk posed to local ecosystems and indigenous wildlife as well as the cultural patrimony of the area . ' ;


### the efsi is part of a comprehensive approach to address uncertainty surrounding public and private investments . the strategy has three pillars : mobilising finance for investment , making investment reach the real economy and improving the investment environment in the union . ### the efsi is part of a comprehensive approach to address uncertainty surrounding public and private investments . the strategy has three pillars : mobilising finance for investment , making investment reach the real economy and improving the investment environment in the union ; this strategy is complementary to objectives promoting the union ' s economic , social and territorial cohesion in the european union and within the member states .


### the purpose of the efsi should be to help resolve the difficulties in financing and implementing productive investments in the union and to ensure increased access to financing . it is intended that increased access to financing should be of particular benefit to small and medium enterprises . it is also appropriate to extend the benefit of such increased access to financing to mid - cap companies , which are companies having up to 3000 employees . overcoming europe ' s current investment difficulties should contribute to strengthening the union ' s economic , social and territorial cohesion . ### the purpose of the efsi should be to help resolve the difficulties in financing and implementing productive investments in the union and to ensure increased and geographically - balanced access to financing . it is intended that increased access to financing should be of particular benefit to small and medium enterprises . it is also appropriate to extend the benefit of such increased access to financing to mid - cap companies , which are companies having up to 3000 employees . overcoming europe ' s current investment difficulties should contribute to strengthening the union’s economic , social and territorial cohesion .


### many small and medium enterprises , as well as mid - cap companies , across the union require assistance to attract market financing , especially as regards investments that carry a greater degree of risk . the efsi should help these businesses to overcome capital shortages by allowing the eib and the european investment fund to provide direct and indirect equity injections , as well as to provide guarantees for high - quality securitisation of loans , and other products that are granted in pursuit of the aims of the efsi . ### many small and medium enterprises , as well as mid - cap companies , across the union require assistance to attract market financing , especially as regards investments that carry a greater degree of risk . this is particularly true of businesses in rural areas , where economic growth and the preservation of services and jobs are urgently needed in order to prevent rural depopulation . the efsi should help these businesses to overcome capital shortages by allowing the eib and the european investment fund to provide direct and indirect equity injections , as well as to provide guarantees for high - quality securitisation of loans , and other products that are granted in pursuit of the aims of the efsi .


### the efsi should be established within the eib in order to benefit from its experience and proven track record and in order for its operations to start to have a positive impact as quickly as possible . the work of the efsi on providing finance to small and medium enterprises and small mid - cap companies should be channelled through the european investment fund to benefit from its experience in these activities . ### the efsi should be established within the eib in order to benefit from its experience and proven track record and in order for its operations to start to have a positive impact of potentially greater benefit as quickly as possible . the work of the efsi on providing finance to small and medium enterprises and small mid - cap companies should be channelled through the european investment fund to benefit from its experience in these activities .


### the efsi should be established within the eib in order to benefit from its experience and proven track record and in order for its operations to start to have a positive impact as quickly as possible . the work of the efsi on providing finance to small and medium enterprises and small mid - cap companies should be channelled through the european investment fund to benefit from its experience in these activities . ### the efsi should be established within the eib in order to benefit from its experience and proven track record and in order for its operations to start to have a positive impact as quickly as possible . the work of the efsi on providing finance to small and medium enterprises and small mid - cap companies may be channelled through the european investment fund and the eib to benefit from its experience in these activities .


### the efsi should target projects delivering high societal and economic value . in particular , the efsi should target projects that promote job creation , long - term growth and competitiveness . the efsi should support a wide range of financial products , including equity , debt or guarantees , to best accommodate the needs of the individual project . this wide range of products should allow the efsi to adapt to market needs whilst encouraging private investment in the projects . the efsi should not be a substitute for private market finance but should instead catalyse private finance by addressing market failures so as to ensure the most effective and strategic use of public money . the requirement for consistency with state aid principles should contribute to such effective and strategic use . ### the efsi should target projects delivering high societal , sustainable and economic added value . in particular , the efsi should target projects that promote creation of quality and long - term jobs , long - term growth and competitiveness , especially infrastructure measures . the efsi should support a wide range of financial products , including equity , debt or guarantees , to best accommodate the needs of the individual project . this wide range of products should allow the efsi to adapt to market needs whilst encouraging private investment and involvement of rural communities in the projects . the efsi should not be a substitute for private market finance but should instead catalyse private finance by addressing market failures , without adding to administrative burden or creating additional payment systems , which would undermine the efficiency of the efsi objectives , so as to ensure the most effective and strategic use of public money . the requirement for consistency with state aid principles should contribute to such effective and strategic use .


### in order to allow for further increase in its resources , participation in the efsi should be open to third parties , including member states , national promotional banks or public agencies owned or controlled by member states , private sector entities and entities outside the union subject to the consent of existing contributors . third parties may contribute directly to the efsi and take part in the efsi governance structure . ### in order to allow for further increase in its resources , participation in the efsi should be open to third parties , including member states , national promotional banks or public agencies owned or controlled by member states , private sector entities and entities outside the union subject to the consent of existing contributors . third parties may contribute directly to the efsi and be consulted within the efsi governance structure .


### alongside the financing operations that will be conducted through the efsi , a european investment advisory hub should be created . the eiah should provide strengthened support for project development and preparation across the union , by building on the expertise of the commission , the eib , national promotional banks and the managing authorities of the european structural and investment funds . this should establish a single point of entry for questions related to technical assistance for investments within the union . ### alongside the financing operations that will be conducted through the efsi , a european investment advisory hub should be created . the eiah should provide strengthened support for project development and preparation across the union , by building on the expertise of the commission , the eib , national and regional promotional banks and the managing authorities of the european structural and investment funds . this should establish a single point of entry for questions related to technical assistance for investments within the union .


### the efsi agreement shall provide for the creation of a european investment advisory hub within the eib . the eiah shall have as its objective to build upon existing eib and commission advisory services in order to provide advisory support for investment project identification , preparation and development and act as a single technical advisory hub for project financing within the union . this shall include support on the use of technical assistance for project structuring , use of innovative financial instruments , use of public - private partnerships and advice , as appropriate , on relevant issues of eu legislation . ### the efsi agreement shall provide for the creation of a european investment advisory hub within the eib . the eiah shall have as its objective to build upon existing eib and commission advisory services in order to provide advisory support for investment project identification , preparation and development and act as a single technical advisory hub for project financing within the union . the eiah shall provide targeted assistance in accordance with the particularities and needs of member states with less developed financial markets . this shall include support on the use of technical assistance for project structuring , use of innovative financial instruments , use of public - private partnerships and advice , as appropriate , on relevant issues of eu legislation .


### the investment committee shall be composed of six independent experts and the managing director . independent experts shall have a high level of relevant market experience in project finance and be appointed by the steering board for a renewable fixed term of three years . ### the investment committee shall be composed of eight independent experts and the managing director . independent experts shall have a high level of relevant market experience in project structuring and project financing , as well as macroeconomic expertise . the investment committee shall have a pluridisciplinary composition encompassing a broad range of expertise in various sectors , such as agriculture , research , transport and smes . it shall be appointed by the steering board for a renewable fixed term of three years . when appointing the committee , the steering board shall take into account the gender balance of the members .


### investment in education and training , health , research and development , information and communications technology and innovation ; ### investment in education and training , health , social and long - term care services , research and development including research and technology infrastructures relevant for research and innovation ;


### infrastructure projects in the environmental , natural resources , urban development and social fields ; ### infrastructure projects in the environmental , natural resources , urban development and social economy fields ;


### providing financial support for the companies referred to in article 1 , including working capital risk financing . ### providing financial support for the companies referred to in article 1 , including working capital risk financing . regarding companies referred to article , 20% should be earmarked for social enterprises , focusing on social inclusion projects and activities .


### in order to ensure the control of emissions of sulphur dioxide , nitrogen oxides and particulate matter into the air , each medium combustion plant should operate only if it is at least registered by the competent authority , based on notification by the operator . ### in order to ensure the control of emissions of sulphur dioxide , nitrogen oxides and particulate matter into the air , each medium combustion plant should operate only if it is at least registered by the competent authority or if it has been granted a permit by that authority , based on notification by the operator .


### the competent authority shall register the medium combustion plant within one month following the notification by the operator and shall inform the operator thereof . ### the competent authority shall register , or start the procedure for granting a permit to , the medium combustion plant within one month following the notification by the operator and shall inform the operator thereof .


### those combustion plants shall be registered by [ thirteen months after the date of transposition ] . ### those combustion plants shall be registered or granted a permit by [ thirteen months after the date of transposition ] .


### member states may exempt existing medium combustion plants which do not operate more than 500 operating hours per year from compliance with the emission limit values set out in part 1 of annex ii . in that case , for plants firing solid fuels , an emission limit value for particulate matter of 200 mg / nm³ shall apply . ### member states may exempt existing medium combustion plants which do not operate more than 1 000 operating hours per year as a rolling average over a period of five years from compliance with the emission limit values set out in part 1 of annex ii . in that case , for plants firing solid fuels , an emission limit value for particulate matter of 200 mg / nm³ shall apply .


### member states may exempt existing medium combustion plants which do not operate more than 500 operating hours per year from compliance with the emission limit values set out in part 1 of annex ii . in that case , for plants firing solid fuels , an emission limit value for particulate matter of 200 mg / nm³ shall apply . ### in exceptional cases , member states may exempt existing medium combustion plants which do not operate more than 1 000 operating hours per year , calculated on the basis of average performance over a five - year period , from compliance with the emission limit values set out in part 1 of annex ii . in that case , for plants firing solid fuels , an emission limit value for particulate matter of 200 mg / nm³ shall apply .


### according to the safe system approach , death and serious injury in road accidents is largely preventable . it should be a shared responsibility at all levels to ensure that road crashes do not lead to serious or fatal injuries . in particular , well - designed and properly maintained roads should reduce the probability of road traffic accidents , whilst ' forgiving ' roads should reduce the severity of accidents . ### according to the safe system approach , death and serious injury in road accidents is largely preventable . it should be a shared responsibility at all levels to ensure that road crashes do not lead to serious or fatal injuries . in particular , well - designed and properly maintained roads should reduce the probability of road traffic accidents , whilst “forgiving” roads should reduce the severity of accidents . guidelines with precise technical characteristics for the provision and maintenance of “forgiving roadsides” building on the experience of all member states should be developed by the commission .


### according to the safe system approach , death and serious injury in road accidents is largely preventable . it should be a shared responsibility at all levels to ensure that road crashes do not lead to serious or fatal injuries . in particular , well - designed and properly maintained roads should reduce the probability of road traffic accidents , whilst ' forgiving ' roads should reduce the severity of accidents . ### according to the safe system approach , death and serious injury in road accidents is largely preventable . it should be a shared responsibility at all levels to ensure that road crashes do not lead to serious or fatal injuries . in particular , well - designed , properly maintained and clearly marked and signed roads should reduce the probability of road traffic accidents , whilst “forgiving” roads should reduce the severity of accidents .


### according to the safe system approach , death and serious injury in road accidents is largely preventable . it should be a shared responsibility at all levels to ensure that road crashes do not lead to serious or fatal injuries . in particular , well - designed and properly maintained roads should reduce the probability of road traffic accidents , whilst ' forgiving ' roads should reduce the severity of accidents . ### according to the safe system approach , death and serious injury in road accidents is largely preventable . it should be a shared responsibility at all levels to ensure that road crashes do not lead to serious or fatal injuries . in particular , well - designed and properly maintained roads should reduce the probability of road traffic accidents , whilst “forgiving” roads should reduce the severity of traffic accidents .


### the road infrastructure safety management procedures implemented on the trans - european network have helped reduce fatalities and serious injuries in the union . it is clear from the evaluation of the effects of directive 2008 / 96 / ec of the european parliament and of the council15 that member states which have been applying road infrastructure safety management principles on a voluntary basis to their national roads beyond the ten - t network have achieved a much better road safety performance than member states which do not do so . _________________ 15 directive 2008 / 96 / ec of the european parliament and of the council of 19 november 2008 on road infrastructure safety management . ### the road infrastructure safety management procedures implemented on the trans - european network have helped reduce fatalities and serious injuries in the union . it is clear from the evaluation of the effects of directive 2008 / 96 / ec of the european parliament and of the council15 that member states which have been applying road infrastructure safety management principles on a voluntary basis to their national roads beyond the ten - t network have achieved a much better road safety performance than member states which do not do so . it is therefore also desirable for these principles to be applied to other parts of the european road network . _________________ 15 directive 2008 / 96 / ec of the european parliament and of the council of 19 november 2008 on road infrastructure safety management .


### a large proportion of road accidents occur on a small proportion of roads where traffic volumes and speeds are high and where there is a wide range of traffic travelling at different speeds . therefore the limited extension of the scope of directive 2008 / 96 / ec to motorways and primary roads beyond the ten - t network should contribute significantly to the improvement of road infrastructure safety across the union . ### a large proportion of road accidents occur on a small proportion of roads where traffic volumes and speeds are high and where there is a wide range of traffic travelling at different speeds . therefore the extension of the scope of directive 2008 / 96 / ec to rural roads , to motorways and primary roads beyond the ten - t network should contribute significantly to the improvement of road infrastructure safety across the union and the same high level of safety to all road users .


### a large proportion of road accidents occur on a small proportion of roads where traffic volumes and speeds are high and where there is a wide range of traffic travelling at different speeds . therefore the limited extension of the scope of directive 2008 / 96 / ec to motorways and primary roads beyond the ten - t network should contribute significantly to the improvement of road infrastructure safety across the union . ### a large proportion of road accidents occur on a small proportion of roads where there is a wide range of traffic travelling at different speeds . therefore the limited extension of the scope of directive 2008 / 96 / ec to motorways and all primary roads beyond the ten - t network should contribute significantly to the improvement of road infrastructure safety across the union .


### vulnerable road users accounted for 46% of road fatalities in the union in 2016 . ensuring that the interests of these users are taken into account in all rism procedures should therefore improve their safety on the road . ### vulnerable road users accounted for 46% of road fatalities in the union in 2016 . ensuring that the interests of these users are taken into account in all rism procedures and the development of quality requirements for pedestrian and cycling infrastructure should therefore improve their safety on the road .


### member states shall ensure that a network - wide road assessment is carried out on the entire road network in operation covered by this directive . network - wide road assessments shall comprise a visual inspection , an analysis of traffic volumes and historic accident data and an assessment of crash and impact severity risk . member states shall ensure that the first assessment is carried out by 2025 at the latest . subsequent network - wide road assessments shall be sufficiently frequent in order to ensure adequate safety levels , but in any case shall be carried out at least every five years . ### member states shall ensure that a network - wide road assessment is carried out on the entire road network in operation covered by this directive . network - wide road assessments shall comprise a detailed examination taking into account traffic volumes and historic accident data in order to classify crashes and impact severity risk . member states shall ensure that the first assessment is carried out by 2025 at the latest . subsequent network - wide road assessments shall be sufficiently frequent in order to ensure adequate safety levels and analysis related to accidents , but in any case shall be carried out at least every five years .


### member states shall ensure that appropriate signs are in place to warn road users of road infrastructure segments that are undergoing repairs and which may thus jeopardise the safety of road users . these signs shall also include signs which are visible during both day and night time and set up at a safe distance and shall comply with the provisions of the vienna convention on road signs and signals of 1968 . ### member states shall ensure that road users are informed of the existence of a high accident concentration section by appropriate measures . if a member state decides to use sign posting , this shall comply with the provisions of the vienna convention of road signs and signals of 1968 .


### member states shall ensure that remedial action is targeted at road sections with low safety levels and which offer the opportunity for the implementation of measures with high benefit - cost ratios . ### member states shall ensure that remedial action is targeted at road sections , including bridges and tunnels , with low safety levels and which offer the opportunity for the implementation of measures with high benefit - cost ratios .


### member states shall prepare and regularly update a risk - based prioritised action plan to track the implementation of identified remedial action . in the preparation of the action plan , member states shall give priority to road sections with high potential for road safety improvements taking into account interventions with high benefit - cost ratios . ### member states shall prepare and regularly update , but within a year at the latest , a risk - based prioritised action plan to track the implementation of identified remedial action . in the preparation of the action plan , member states shall give priority to extremely dangerous road sections with high potential for road safety improvements taking into account interventions with high benefit - cost ratios .


### in order to improve the safety of union roads , the commission shall establish a system for the exchange of best practices between the member states , covering , inter alia , existing road infrastructure safety projects and proven road safety technology . ### in order to improve the safety of union roads , the commission shall establish a system for the exchange of information and best practices between the member states , covering , inter alia , existing road infrastructure safety projects and proven road safety technology . facilitating the exchange of experience on safe system methodologies between practitioner and the information exchange for road safety auditors should be encouraged .


### in order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of article 4 according to which annual emission limits for member states will be established , implementing powers should be conferred on the commission . those powers should be exercised in accordance with regulation no 182 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council21 . _________________ 21 regulation no 182 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council of 16 february 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by member states of the commission ' s exercise of implementing powers . ### in order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of article 4 according to which annual emission limits for member states will be established , powers should be delegated to the commission . those powers should be exercised in accordance with regulation no 182 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council21 . _________________ 21 regulation no 182 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council of 16 february 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by member states of the commission ' s exercise of implementing powers .


### this regulation should be reviewed as of 2024 and every 5 years thereafter in order to assess its overall functioning . the review should take into account evolving national circumstances and be informed by the results of the global stocktake of the paris agreement . ### this regulation should be reviewed as of 2023 and every 3 years thereafter in order to assess its overall functioning . the review should take into account evolving national circumstances and be informed by the results of the global stocktake of the paris agreement . where necessary , the review of this regulation should be accompanied by legislative proposals in order to further improve the union ' s climate action , taking into account the current status of implementation of relevant sectoral policies , and in line with the facilitative dialogue under the unfccc .


### this regulation lays down obligations on the minimum contributions of member states to meeting the greenhouse gas emission reduction commitment of the union for the period from 2021 to 2030 , rules on determining annual emission allocations and for the evaluation of member states ' progress towards meeting their minimum contributions . ### this regulation lays down obligations on the minimum contributions of member states to meeting the greenhouse gas emission reduction to fulfil union and member states commitments under the paris agreement , rules on determining annual emission allocations and for the evaluation of member states ' progress towards meeting their minimum contributions .


### subject to the flexibilities provided for in articles 5 , 6 and 7 , to the adjustment pursuant to article 10 and taking into account any deduction resulting from the application of article 7 of decision no 406 / 2009 / ec , each member state shall ensure that its greenhouse gas emissions in each year between 2021 and 2029 do not exceed the level defined by a linear trajectory , starting in 2020 on the average of its greenhouse gas emissions during 2016 , 2017 and 2018 determined pursuant to paragraph 3 and ending in 2030 on the limit set for that member state in annex i to this regulation . ### subject to the flexibilities provided for in articles 5 , 6 and 7 , to the adjustment pursuant to article 10 and taking into account any deduction resulting from the application of article 7 of decision no 406 / 2009 / ec , each member state shall ensure that its greenhouse gas emissions in each year between 2021 and 2029 do not exceed the level defined by a linear trajectory , starting in 2020 on the value of the 2020 annual emission allocation pursuant to decision 2013 / 634 / eu , or on the average of its greenhouse gas emissions during 2016 , 2017 and 2018 determined pursuant to paragraph 3 , using whichever value is lower and ending in 2030 on the limit set for that member state in annex i to this regulation . in order to ensure the effort sharing is fair and balanced , member states with an average of greenhouse gas emissions during 2016 , 2017 and 2018 below its 2020 annual emission allocation and with a gdp per capita below eu28 average gdp per capita in 2013 , can opt for starting on the value of the 2020 annual emission allocation .


### this implementing act shall also specify , based on the percentages notified by member states under article 6 , the quantities that may be taken into account for their compliance under article 9 between 2021 and 2030 . if the sum of all member states ' quantities were to exceed the collective total of 100 million , the quantities for each member state shall be reduced on a pro rata basis so that the collective total is not exceeded . ### this implementing act shall also specify the quantities that may be taken into account for their compliance under article 9 between 2021 and 2030 . if the sum of all member states ' quantities were to exceed the collective total of 100 million , the quantities for each member state shall be reduced on a pro rata basis so that the collective total is not exceeded .


### this implementing act shall also specify , based on the percentages notified by member states under article 6 , the quantities that may be taken into account for their compliance under article 9 between 2021 and 2030 . if the sum of all member states ' quantities were to exceed the collective total of 100 million , the quantities for each member state shall be reduced on a pro rata basis so that the collective total is not exceeded . ### this delegated act shall also specify , based on the percentages notified by member states under article 6 , the quantities that may be taken into account for their compliance under article 9 between 2021 and 2030 . if the sum of all member states ' quantities were to exceed the collective total of 100 million , the quantities for each member state shall be reduced on a pro rata basis so that the collective total is not exceeded .


### a member state may transfer up to 5% of its annual emission allocation for a given year to other member states . the receiving member state may use this quantity for compliance under article 9 for the given year or for subsequent years until 2030 . ### a member state may transfer up to 5% of its annual emission allocation for a given year to other member states . the receiving member state may use this quantity for compliance under article 9 for the given year or for subsequent years until 2030 . such transfer shall be included in the european register pursuant to article 11 .


### a member state may transfer the part of its annual emission allocation for a given year that exceeds its greenhouse gas emissions for that year , taking into account the use of flexibilities pursuant to paragraphs 2 to 4 and article 6 , to other member states . a receiving member state may use this quantity for compliance under article 9 for that year or subsequently until 2030 . ### a member state may transfer the part of its annual emission allocation for a given year that exceeds its greenhouse gas emissions for that year , taking into account the use of flexibilities pursuant to paragraphs 2 to 4 and article 6 , to other member states . a receiving member state may use this quantity for compliance under article 9 for that year or subsequently until 2030 . such transfer shall be included in the european register pursuant to article 11 .


### registry ### european register


### the commission shall ensure the accurate accounting under this regulation through the union registry established pursuant to article 10 of regulation no 525 / 2013 , including annual emission allocations , flexibilities exercised under article 4 to 7 , compliance under article 9 and changes in coverage under article 10 of this regulation . the central administrator shall conduct an automated check on each transaction under this regulation and , where necessary , block transactions to ensure there are no irregularities . this information shall be accessible to the public . ### the commission shall ensure the accurate accounting under this regulation through the union registry established pursuant to article 10 of regulation no 525 / 2013 , including annual emission allocations , flexibilities exercised under article 4 to 7 , compliance under article 9 and changes in coverage under article 10 of this regulation . the central administrator shall conduct an automated check on each transaction under this regulation and , where necessary , block transactions to ensure there are no irregularities . the european register system shall be transparent and include every relevant information regarding the transfer of allowances between member states . this information shall be accessible to the public through a dedicated website hosted by the commission .


### the commission shall report to the european parliament and to the council by 28 february 2024 and every five years thereafter on the operation of this regulation , its contribution to the eu ' s overall 2030 greenhouse gas emission reduction target and its contribution to the goals of the paris agreement , and may make proposals if appropriate . ### in accordance with articles 3 , 4 and 14 of the paris agreement the commission shall submit new emission limits as set in annex i to the european parliament and to the council by 28 february 2024 and every five years thereafter and shall report on the operation of this regulation , its contribution to the eu ' s overall 2030 greenhouse gas emission reduction target and its contribution to the long - term objectives established in article 1 of this regulation . the review shall be based on a preparatory and independent report from the european environmental agency establishing recommendations on new targets reflecting the union ' s highest possible ambition . where the commission intends not to endorse the recommendations of the preparatory report or to endorse it in part or with amendments , it shall justify why it does not endorse it , or , as the case may be , explaining the reasons for its amendments .