### (2) despite existing measures at union19 and national level aimed at supporting the protection of critical infrastructures in the union , the entities operating those infrastructures are not adequately equipped to address current and anticipated future risks to their operations that may result in disruptions of the provision of services that are essential for the performance of vital societal functions or economic activities. this is due to a dynamic threat landscape with an evolving terrorist threat and growing interdependencies between infrastructures and sectors , as well as an increased physical risk due to natural disasters and climate change , which increases the frequency and scale of extreme weather events and brings long-term changes in average climate that can reduce the capacity and efficiency of certain infrastructure types if resilience or climate adaptation measures are not in place. moreover , relevant sectors and types of entities are not recognised consistently as critical in all member states. ### (2) despite existing measures at union19 and national level aimed at supporting the protection of critical infrastructures in the union , the entities operating those infrastructures are not adequately equipped to address current , minimise impacts of potential failures or malicious activities affecting or targeting their premises , networks and activities , and anticipated future risks to their operations that may result in disruptions of the provision of services that are essential for the performance of vital societal functions or economic activities. this is due to a dynamic threat landscape with hybrid threats ,emerging technologies , an evolving terrorist threat and growing interdependencies between infrastructures and sectors , as well as an increased physical risk due to natural disasters and climate change , which increases the frequency and scale of extreme weather events and brings long-term changes in average climate that can reduce the capacity and efficiency of certain infrastructure types if resilience or climate adaptation measures are not in place. moreover , relevant sectors and types of entities are not recognised consistently as critical in all member states.


### (3) those growing interdependencies are the result of an increasingly cross-border and interdependent network of service provision using key infrastructures across the union in the sectors of energy , transport , banking , financial market infrastructure , digital infrastructure , drinking and waste water , health , certain aspects of public administration , as well as space in as far as the provision of certain services depending on ground-based infrastructures that are owned , managed and operated either by member states or by private parties is concerned , therefore not covering infrastructures owned , managed or operated by or on behalf of the union as part of its space programmes. these interdependencies mean that any disruption , even one initially confined to one entity or one sector , can have cascading effects more broadly , potentially resulting in far-reaching and long-lasting negative impacts in the delivery of services across the internal market. the covid-19 pandemic has shown the vulnerability of our increasingly interdependent societies in the face of low-probability risks. ### (3) those growing interdependencies are the result of an increasingly cross-border and interdependent network of service provision using key infrastructures across the union in the sectors of energy , transport , banking , financial market infrastructure , digital infrastructure , telecommunication services (including hw , sw , fw and networks) , drinking and waste water , health , certain aspects of public administration , as well as space in as far as the provision of certain services depending on ground-based infrastructures that are owned , managed and operated by member states or by private parties is concerned , therefore not covering infrastructures owned , managed or operated by or on behalf of the union as part of its space programmes. infrastructure owned , managed or operated by or on behalf of the union as part of its space programmes is particularly important for the security of the union and its member states and the proper functioning of the union's common security and defence policy (csdp) missions and operations. such infrastructure is therefore to be adequately protected as set out in regulation (eu) 2021/696 of the european parliament and of the council1a. these interdependencies mean that any disruption , even one initially confined to one entity or one sector , can have cascading effects more broadly , potentially resulting in far-reaching and long-lasting negative impacts in the delivery of services across the internal market and can put at risk the security and safety of union citizens and the economic and financial interests of the union. the covid-19 pandemic has shown the vulnerability of our increasingly interdependent societies in the face of low-probability risks.


### the risk assessment shall account for all relevant natural and man-made risks , including accidents , natural disasters , public health emergencies , antagonistic threats , including terrorist offences pursuant to directive (eu) 2017/541 of the european parliament and of the council34 . ### the risk assessment shall account for all relevant natural and man-made risks , including accidents , natural disasters , public health emergencies , antagonistic threats , including hybrid threats also in the cyber domain or terrorist offences involving conventional and non-conventional weapons such as cbrn agents pursuant to directive (eu) 2017/541 of the european parliament and of the council34 .


### 1. member states shall support critical entities in enhancing their resilience. that support may include developing guidance materials and methodologies , supporting the organisation of exercises to test their resilience and providing training to personnel of critical entities. ### 1. member states shall support critical entities in enhancing their resilience. that support may include developing guidance materials and methodologies , supporting the organisation of exercises , including cross-sectoral and cross-border exercises , where appropriate , to test their resilience and providing awareness programs and training to personnel of national competent authorities and critical entities.


### 5. member states shall ensure that their competent authorities , whenever appropriate , and in accordance with union and national law , consult and cooperate with other relevant national authorities , in particular those in charge of civil protection , law enforcement and protection of personal data , as well as with relevant interested parties , including critical entities. ### 5. member states shall ensure that their competent authorities , whenever appropriate , and in accordance with union and national law , consult and cooperate with other relevant national authorities , in particular those in charge of civil protection and territorial defence , law enforcement and protection of personal data , as well as with relevant interested parties , including critical entities. at the same time , considering the fact that some critical entities might be private , member states should find ways to allow a timely effective and thorough cooperation between these entities , private emergency operators potentially operating in these entities and certified by national bodies , and national authorities.


### 1. recalls the importance , for a properly functioning and competitive internal market , of effective better law-making tools that take subsidiarity and proportionality fully into account when drawing up scientifically based and balanced legislation , particularly for consumers and smes; ### 1. recalls the importance , for a well-functioning and competitive internal market , of effective better law-making tools that take subsidiarity and proportionality fully into account when drawing up scientifically based and balanced legislation , particularly for consumers and smes;


### 1. notes that while the number of reasoned opinions received from national parliaments continued to fall between 2017 and 2019 , the number of opinions submitted to the commission and contributions to the european parliament , including on non-legislative initiatives , remains consistently high , which is testament to the positive and forward-looking engagement of national parliaments with the eu policy cycle; notes that several of these submissions focused on important institutional issues such as the completion of the economic and monetary union (emu) and the activation of passerelle clauses; ### 1. calls for stronger involvement from national parliaments alongside the european parliament in the democratic scrutiny of enhanced cooperation if it concerns policy areas of shared competence; notes that while the number of reasoned opinions received from national parliaments continued to fall between 2017 and 2019 with no reasoned opinions submitted in 2019; recalls the important role that national parliaments can play in shaping eu policies and legislation as outlined in protocol 1 of the treaty on the functioning of the eu; recalls the need to further engage national parliaments within the eu policy cycle and enhance their ability to express their views on draft legislative acts;


### 3. highlights the commission’s commitment to providing , in future , for aggregated answers where at least four parliaments have issued reasoned opinions and to allowing for flexibility on the eight-week deadline by which national parliaments must submit their opinions; ### 3. highlights the commission’s commitment to providing , in future , for aggregated answers where at least four parliaments have issued reasoned opinions;


### 5. suggests that the introduction of a ‘red card’ instrument , enabling a legislative proposal from the commission to be withdrawn if 55 % of national parliaments raise an objection , should be discussed at the conference on the future of europe; ### deleted


### 6. encourages the involvement of regional parliaments with legislative powers , which under article 6 of protocol no 2 to the treaty on the functioning of the european union can be consulted by national parliaments , and supports their systematic consultation on major initiatives; ### deleted


### 7. expresses its support to national parliaments in providing joint own-initiative opinions , such as those provided by the visegrád group countries on the future of the subsidiarity principle and parliamentary cooperation; ### deleted


### a. whereas despite the european-level ban on its use , asbestos remains the main cause of death linked to occupational diseases , and whereas it also affects individuals outside the working environment through a continuous increase in cancers and mesothelioma linked to passive , limited exposure; ### a. whereas despite the european-level ban on its use , asbestos remains the main cause of death linked to occupational diseases , and whereas it also affects individuals outside the working environment , including children , through a continuous increase in cancers and mesothelioma , as well as other non-malignant lung and pleural disorders , linked to passive , limited exposure;


### b. whereas the extensive use of asbestos in construction poses a threat to building users and occupants; ### b. whereas the extensive use of asbestos in construction in the union prior to its ban poses a threat to current building users and occupants;


### 1. recalls that worldwide hundreds of millions of people are exposed to asbestos every year , despite its health risks having been known for decades; ### 1. recalls that worldwide hundreds of millions of people , children included , are continuously exposed to asbestos every year , despite its health risks having been known for decades;


### 3. the development of information campaigns on asbestos to provide relevant information to workers , employers , owners , tenants , users of buildings and infrastructure , and citizens about the risks and legal obligations relating to asbestos; ### 3. the development of information campaigns on asbestos to provide relevant information to workers , employers , owners , tenants , users of buildings and infrastructure , and citizens about the risks and legal obligations relating to asbestos , especially on the fact of its delayed and cumulative effects on human health;


### 8. calls on the commission to support the dissemination of information on the various systems for the destruction of asbestos products based on best available techniques; ### 8. calls on the commission to support the dissemination of information on the various systems for the safe and orderly removal or disposal of asbestos products based on best available techniques;


### 3. recalls that regulating digital markets constitutes a core responsibility of the committee on internal market and consumer protection; in this context , highlights the adoption of the p2b regulation (regulation (eu) 2019/11501 ) and notes that ex ante regulatory intervention will address the gaps in ex post competition law enforcement; ### 3. recalls that regulating digital markets constitutes a core responsibility of the committee on internal market and consumer protection; in this context , highlights the adoption of the p2b regulation (regulation (eu) 2019/11501 ) and notes that ex ante regulatory intervention aims to address the gaps in ex post competition law enforcement;


### 4. highlights the importance of a few online operators acting as gatekeepers to the digital economy , including access to e-commerce markets and the consequences on freedom of choice for consumers and access to markets for companies; underlines , therefore , the need for an internal market ex ante regulatory instrument to ensure that impacted markets remain fair and competitive; looks forward to seeing this instrument in the forthcoming digital markets act proposal; ### 4. highlights the importance of a few online operators acting as gatekeepers to the digital economy , including access to e-commerce markets and the consequences on freedom of choice for consumers and access to markets for companies; in this regard particularly emphasizes that out of the 10 000 internet platforms participating in the eu digital market , the seven largest generate as much as 69% of the sector's total revenues; underlines , therefore , the need for an internal market ex ante regulatory instrument to ensure that impacted markets remain fair and competitive , without limiting the eu's ability to intervene ex-post via the enforcement of existing eu competition rules;


### 6. stresses the importance of clear measures to ensure effective enforcement and supervision of competition law at the eu level; underlines that the compliance of provisions must be reinforced with effective and proportionate penalties; ### 6. stresses the importance of clear measures to ensure effective enforcement and supervision of competition law at the eu level; underlines that the compliance of provisions must be reinforced with effective , proportionate and dissuasive penalties;


### 7. calls on the commission to ensure fair and secure access to data for all market participants; notes that it should empower consumers to control their data and provide them with additional rights in terms of data portability and interoperability in order to ensure that the single market for data is based on european values and fair competition. ### 7. calls on the commission to ensure fair and secure access to data for all market participants without prejudice to the rules laid down by the general data protection regulation; notes that it should empower consumers to control their data and provide them with additional rights in terms of data portability and interoperability in order to ensure that the single market for data is based on both , european values and european way of life as well as on fair competition.


### 1. where , in a given zone , conformity with the limit values for particulate matter (pm10 and pm2.5) or nitrogen dioxide cannot be achieved by the deadline specified in table 1 of section 1 of annex i , because of site-specific dispersion characteristics , orographic boundary conditions , adverse climatic conditions or transboundary contributions , a member state may postpone - that deadline once by a maximum of 5 years for that particular zone , if the following conditions are met: ### 1. where , in a given zone , conformity with the limit values for particulate matter (pm10 and pm2.5) or nitrogen dioxide cannot be achieved by the deadline specified in table 1 of section 1 of annex i , because of site-specific dispersion characteristics , orographic boundary conditions , adverse climatic conditions or transboundary contributions , or due to the complex characteristics and the relevance of its secondary formation in the atmosphere which complicate the task of assessing the feasibility of complying with strict limit values , a member state may postpone - that deadline once by a maximum of 5 years for that particular zone , if the following conditions are met:


### g. whereas more women than men use more sustainable modes of transport , and often perform trip chaining; ### deleted


### h. whereas the welcome adoption of new vehicle and automation technologies should take the specific needs of women into consideration; ### deleted


### j. whereas the design of vehicles , including safety features , often assumes a larger , stereotypically male physical form , leading to lower efficacy for smaller people; ### deleted


### 11. calls for an increased emphasis on safety in urban mobility , such as adequate , sustainable street lighting , to avoid situations where women have to face dark , eerie spots when commuting; calls additionally for integrated transport designs to take into account ‘the last mile’ , especially at non-peak times; ### 11. calls for an increased emphasis on safety in urban and rural mobility , and in the infrastructure needed for transport in disadvantaged regions , such as adequate , sustainable street lighting , to avoid situations where women , children , young people , the elderly , users with reduced mobility and men have to face dark , eerie spots when commuting; calls additionally for integrated transport designs to take into account ‘the last mile’ , especially at non-peak times;


### 1. welcomes the commission’s legislative proposals on transport and reiterates the need for sufficient funding to ensure these policies are a success; ### 1. welcomes the commission’s legislative proposals on transport and reiterates the need for sufficient funding to ensure these policies are a success; highlights the need to take into account national specificities in the process of the adoption of these legislative acts with the aim of narrowing the gaps and ensuring higher level of cohesion between member states;


### 1. calls for increased measures for the cultural and creative sectors and industries , including the media sector , to safeguard freedom of artistic expression , spur the recovery from the repercussions of the pandemic and support artists , cultural workers , journalists and non-governmental organisations , given the sector’s role in strengthening democracy , enhancing society’s well-being and fighting disinformation; ### 1. calls for increased measures for the cultural and creative sectors and industries , including the media sector , to safeguard and support artistic and media freedom , spur the recovery from the repercussions of the pandemic and support authors , performers , all artists and cultural workers , journalists and non-governmental organisations , given the sector’s role in strengthening democracy , enhancing society’s cohesion , citizens' well-being and fighting disinformation , as well as their economic relevance for the eu;


### 1. calls for an ambitious 2024 budget for external action; insists on focusing on the priorities highlighted during high-level dialogues under the neighbourhood , development and international cooperation instrument and the instrument for pre-accession assistance (ipa iii); recalls the need to implement strict conditionality under these instruments; ### 1. calls for an ambitious 2024 budget for external action in order to equip the union with adequate means for achieving its foreign policy goals; insists on focusing on the priorities highlighted during high-level dialogues under the neighbourhood , development and international cooperation instrument and the instrument for pre-accession assistance (ipa iii); recalls the need to implement strict conditionality under these instruments;


### 2. stresses that sufficient investment both in modal shift and in zero-emission technologies is crucial for ensuring transport is climate neutral by 2050 , in line with the european climate law and the european green deal; ### 2. stresses that sufficient investment both in modal shift and in zero-emission technologies is crucial for ensuring transport is climate neutral by 2050 , in line with the european climate law and the european green deal; points out that , in order to ensure continuous progress towards the achievement of climate neutrality , any transport infrastructure projects financed by the eu budget must , upon independent assessment , be deemed consistent with the climate objectives , and with the eu objective of building a fully renewables-based , highly resource- and energy-efficient , climate-neutral and circular economy; notes that from this point of view , the assessment of the effects of projects must take into account greenhouse gas emissions during their whole life cycle , such as those occurring in the construction and operational phase and including indirect emissions in a project’s value chain;


### 2. is determined to ensure that the 2024 budget addresses people’s concerns and delivers on their priorities by helping to restore stability and laying the foundations for a secure and prosperous europe; underlines the need for additional investment in energy , health , the digital and green transitions , research and innovation and smes , and in supporting job creation , tackling unemployment and offering opportunities for young people , and therefore improving the standard of living of all europeans; ### 2. is determined to ensure that the 2024 budget addresses people’s concerns and delivers on their priorities by helping to restore stability and laying the foundations for a secure and prosperous europe; underlines the need for additional investment in energy , health , the digital and green transitions , research and innovation and smes , and in supporting cohesion , job creation , tackling unemployment and offering opportunities for young people , and therefore improving the standard of living of all europeans;


### 2. calls for further simplification , greater administrative efficiency , the creation of synergies and the avoidance of payment bottlenecks; insists on budget increases to the erasmus+ , creative europe , european solidarity corps , and citizens , equality , rights and values (cerv) programmes to avoid insufficient grants; ### 2. calls for further simplification , greater administrative efficiency , the creation of synergies and the avoidance of payment bottlenecks , especially regarding public funding through relevant eu programmes; urgently insists on significant budget increases to the erasmus+ , creative europe , european solidarity corps , citizens , equality , rights and values (cerv) programmes and to the cluster of the horizon programme on culture , creativity & inclusive societies to avoid that the insufficiency of grants cause further damages , to reflect these programmes' societal and economic importance and to show the commission's and member states' support to culture as the backbone of european democracy;


### 2. calls on the commission to present proposals on including ukraine , moldova and georgia on the list of ipa iii beneficiaries and to ensure a proportional increase in ipa iii funding; ### 2. highlights the numerous challenges and the situation of instability in the eu neighbourhood; emphasises the need to increase funding for the western balkan countries and countries of the eastern and southern neighbourhood in order to support political and economic reforms , democratic transitions , and the sustainability objectives of the green deal , including the energy transition , with a focus on the most committed partners following the principle of ‘more for more and less for less’; calls on the commission to present proposals on including ukraine , moldova and georgia on the list of ipa iii beneficiaries and to ensure a proportional increase in ipa iii funding;


### 3. reiterates the crucial role of the connecting europe facility , including its cohesion fund envelope , in fostering the timely completion of the trans-european networks – transport (ten-t) network in which sustainable , interconnected , safe and secure modes are prioritised , with rail as the backbone; believes that funding for transport projects should comply fully with the ‘do no significant harm’ principle and climate expenditure requirements; ### 3. stresses that in the time of crises investments in major infrastructural and transport projects may boost the national economy and preserve jobs , therefore , reiterates the crucial role of the connecting europe facility , including its cohesion fund envelope , in fostering the timely completion of the trans-european networks – transport (ten-t) network in which sustainable , interconnected , safe and secure modes are prioritised , with rail as the backbone , while all modes of transport shall find their role in future sustainable and green mobility; believes that funding for transport projects should comply fully with the ‘do no significant harm’ principle and climate expenditure requirements;


### 3. stresses that a strong economic recovery in 2024 requires full use of the eu budget’s potential and flexibility; underlines that the eu budget is above all the largest investment tool with leverage effect , complementing national budgets with their limited investment capacity and therefore responding to the needs of eu citizens; ### 3. stresses that a strong economic recovery in 2024 requires full use of the eu budget’s potential and flexibility; underlines that the eu budget is above all the largest investment tool with leverage effect , complementing national budgets with their limited investment capacity and therefore responding to the needs of eu citizens; stresses the need to re-establish an equal level playing field through immediate payment of eu funds to member states , instead of further delaying it with unjust political actions;


### 3. notes that a mid-term revision of the multiannual financial framework could contribute to a post-pandemic recovery in the cultural and creative sectors and industries , and , in the long term , mitigate the consequences of war in ukraine and high inflation; ### 3. notes that a mid-term revision of the multiannual financial framework aiming at increasing support for european cultural and creative production could contribute to a more swift and sustainable post-pandemic recovery in the cultural and creative sectors and , in the long term , also mitigate the consequences of high inflation and of multiple current crises overall;


### 3. highlights its unwavering support to ukraine , including through the union budget for emergency assistance , humanitarian aid and sustaining its economic , social and financial resilience; acknowledges that a major global financial effort will be required for reconstructing ukraine; looks forward to participating in the ‘rebuildukraine’ reconstruction platform as an observer; ### 3. highlights its unwavering support to ukraine , including through the european peace facility , the union budget for emergency assistance , humanitarian aid and sustaining its economic , social and financial resilience; acknowledges that a major global financial effort will be required for reconstructing ukraine; looks forward to participating in the ‘rebuildukraine’ reconstruction platform as an observer;


### 4. calls for the adaptation of the creative europe budget for the cross-sectoral and media strands , particularly given the need to counter disinformation and the envisaged implementation of the european media freedom act1 ; regrets that the budget for the cross-sectoral strand for 2023 was not increased; ### 4. calls for the increasing of the creative europe budget for all strands and especially the cross-sectoral and media strands , particularly given the need to counter disinformation and the envisaged implementation of the european media freedom act1 ; calls for specific funding to safeguard monitoring mechanisms for the protection of journalists and human right defenders , including against strategic lawsuits aagains public participation (slapp); regrets that the budget for the cross-sectoral strand for 2023 was not increased;


### 5. stresses the importance of the recovery and resilience facility and the related national plans; ### 5. stresses the importance of the recovery and resilience facility and the related national plans; regrets , however , the undue delay in disbursement of grants and loans to member states and calls on the commission to accelerate its work in this regard;


### 5. calls for the allocation of dedicated long-term funding for the european education area to ensure the consistency of its development , governance and implementation , as well as for a separate budget line to implement the new european bauhaus; ### 5. calls for the allocation of dedicated long-term funding for the european education area to ensure the consistency of its development , governance and implementation , as well as for a separate budget line to implement the new european bauhaus , without affecting the creative europe budget; recalls its demand to the commission to put more effort into publicly communicating the opportunities of the new european bauhaus for culture , education , youth , sport and media;


### 6. calls for dedicated funding for active mobility within eu transport funding streams; ### 6. calls for dedicated funding for active mobility within eu transport funding streams; in particular , asks to provide an active support to reduce the costs of public transport passes;


### 6. suggests that the legacy of the european year of youth in 2022 be linked to that of the european year of skills in 2024 and adequate financing identified from relevant programmes for follow-up activities in the subsequent years; ### 6. suggests that the legacy of the european year of youth in 2022 be linked to that of the european year of skills in 2023 and adequate financing identified from relevant programmes for follow-up activities in the subsequent years , including raising awareness or other activities on the ways that culture strengthens skills at a social and occupational level , as well as in the digital environment , where esports and videogames play a vital role;


### 7. calls for the european solidarity corps to focus on issues raised during the european year of youth , such as active citizenship , the digital and green transitions , and mental health; ### 7. calls for the european solidarity corps to focus on issues raised during the european year of youth , such as active citizenship , the digital and green transitions , inclusive education , sports for all and the strong links among culture , health , mental health and wellbeing;


### 8. requests an increase in the budget for town twinning and town networks in the cerv programme to boost the number of projects building democratic resilience , mutual understanding and awareness of european values. ### 8. requests an increase in the budget for town twinning and town networks in the cerv programme to boost the number of projects building democratic resilience , mutual understanding and awareness of european values , such as democracy , transparency and solidarity; requests as well the promotion of cultural and educational activities in the context of all cerv strands , since culture works as the best vehicle to the promotion of all the cerv aims , union values , citizens' engagement and participation , equality , rights and gender equality , and fighting violence , including gender-based violence.


### 18. stresses that effective management of the eu’s external borders is a key plank of migration policy , a prerequisite for the free movement of people and the proper functioning of the schengen area and crucial to the security of the eu and its people; underlines the need for a properly resourced and fully operational frontex agency; ### 18. stresses that effective management of the eu’s external borders is a key plank of migration policy , a prerequisite for the free movement of people and the proper functioning of the schengen area and crucial to the security of the eu and its people; underlines the need for a properly resourced and fully operational frontex agency; urges to mobilise substantial eu funds and means to support member states in reinforcing border protection capabilities and infrastructure;


### 21. underscores that repayment of euri borrowing costs is an obligation for the eu; notes that borrowing costs depend on market fluctuations and are therefore inherently unpredictable , which creates risks for agreed eu policies and programmes and for the budget’s ability to respond to emerging needs; repeats its call for euri borrowing costs to be placed over and above the mff ceilings as part of the mff revision; insists on the need for the commission to provide the budgetary authority with timely and detailed information on the calculations underpinning euri borrowing costs; ### 21. underscores that repayment of euri borrowing costs is an obligation for the eu; stresses that no further eu common borrowing should be allowed in the future; notes that borrowing costs depend on market fluctuations and are therefore inherently unpredictable , which creates risks for agreed eu policies and programmes and for the budget’s ability to respond to emerging needs; repeats its call for euri borrowing costs to be placed over and above the mff ceilings as part of the mff revision; insists on the need for the commission to provide the budgetary authority with timely and detailed information on the calculations underpinning euri borrowing costs; recalls that all member states contribute to the euri borrowing costs , while some member states have still not received any of their financial support from the rrf;


### 23. underlines the importance of swift disbursement of funds to beneficiaries so as to provide the necessary economic stimulus; emphasises , in this regard , that the timely disbursement and use of nextgenerationeu funds through the recovery and resilience facility , with respect for rule of law conditionality , is vital to support recovery and invest for the future in regions and municipalities facing extreme geopolitical and economic uncertainty; ### 23. underlines the importance of swift disbursement of funds to beneficiaries so as to provide the necessary economic stimulus; emphasises , in this regard , the immediate disbursement and use of nextgenerationeu funds through the recovery and resilience facility , without further delaying it with political actions and re-establish equal level playing field among member states , which is vital to support recovery and invest for the future in all eu regions and municipalities facing extreme geopolitical and economic uncertainty;


### (12) when a driver is engaged in a combined transport operation , the nature of the service provided during the initial or final road leg is closely linked with the member state of establishment if the road leg on its own is a bilateral transport operation. by contrast , when the transport operation during the road leg is carried out within the host member state or as a non-bilateral international transport operation , there is a sufficient link with the territory of a host member state and therefore the posting rules should apply. ### (12) when a driver is engaged in a combined transport operation , the nature of the service provided during the initial or final road leg is closely linked with the member state of establishment if the road leg on its own is a bilateral transport operation.


### (13) where a driver performs other types of operations , notably cabotage operations or non-bilateral international transport operations , there is a sufficient link to the territory of the host member state. the link exists in case of cabotage operations as defined by regulations (ec) no 1072/20096 and (ec) no 1073/20097 of the european parliament and of the council since the entire transport operation takes place in a host member state and the service is thus closely linked to the territory of the host member state. a non-bilateral international transport operation is characterised by the fact that the driver is engaged in international carriage outside of the member state of establishment of the undertaking making the posting. the services performed are therefore linked with the host member states concerned rather than with the member state of establishment. in those cases , sector-specific rules are only required with regard to the administrative requirements and control measures. ### (13) where a driver performs other types of operations , notably cabotage operations or non-bilateral international transport operations , there is a sufficient link to the territory of the host member state. the link exists in case of cabotage operations as defined by regulations (ec) no 1072/20096 and (ec) no 1073/20097 of the european parliament and of the council since the entire transport operation takes place in a host member state and the service is thus closely linked to the territory of the host member state. a non-bilateral international transport operation is characterised by the fact that the driver is engaged in international carriage outside of the member state of establishment of the undertaking making the posting. the services performed are therefore linked with the host member states concerned rather than with the member state of establishment. in those cases , sector-specific rules are only required with regard to the administrative requirements and control measures. nevertheless , until negotiations between the union and relevant third countries as regards the application of rules equivalent to those laid down in this directive will be concluded , certain number of cross-trade operations should be exempted from posting rules.


### (15) union operators face growing competition from operators based in third countries. it is therefore of the utmost importance to ensure that union operators are not discriminated against. according to article 1(4) of directive 96/71/ec , undertakings established in a non-member state must not be given more favourable treatment than undertakings established in a member state. that principle should also apply with regard to the specific rules on posting provided for in this directive. it should , in particular , apply when third country operators perform transport operations under bilateral or multilateral agreements granting access to the union market. ### (15) union operators face growing competition from operators based in third countries. it is therefore of the utmost importance to ensure that union operators are not discriminated against. according to article 1(4) of directive 96/71/ec , undertakings established in a non-member state must not be given more favourable treatment than undertakings established in a member state. that principle should also apply with regard to the specific rules on posting provided for in this directive. therefore , taking into account the fact that the union has already exercised its competence and adopted common specific rules on posting of drivers , it should begin negotiations with the relevant third countries with a view to the application of rules equivalent to those laid down in this directive.


### for the purpose of this directive , a bilateral transport operation in respect of goods means the movement of goods , based on a transport contract , from the member state of establishment , as defined in article 2(8) of regulation (ec) no 1071/2009 , to another member state or to a third country , or from another member state or a third country to the member state of establishment. ### for the purpose of this directive , a bilateral transport operation in respect of goods means the movement of goods , based on a consignment note , from the member state of establishment , as defined in article 2(8) of regulation (ec) no 1071/2009 , to another member state or to a third country , or from another member state or a third country to the member state of establishment.


### from … [18 months after the entry into force of this directive] , which is the date from which drivers are required , pursuant to article 34(7) of regulation (eu) no 165/2014 , to record border crossing data manually , member states shall apply the exemption for bilateral transport operations in respect of goods set out in the first and second subparagraphs of this paragraph also where , in addition to performing a bilateral transport operation , the driver performs one activity of loading and/or unloading in the member states or third countries that the driver crosses , provided that the driver does not load goods and unload them in the same member state. ### moreover , by way of derogation , a driver shall not be considered to be posted for the purpose of directive 96/71/ec when performing up to 3 cross-trade transport operations , where these operations are performed during or following an incoming bilateral transport operation from the member state of establishment or during an outgoing bilateral transport operation to the member state of establishment.


### where a bilateral transport operation starting from the member state of establishment during which no additional activity was performed is followed by a bilateral transport operation to the member state of establishment , the exemption for additional activities set out in the third subparagraph shall apply to a maximum of two additional activities of loading and/or unloading , under the conditions set out in the third subparagraph. ### deleted


### the exemptions for additional activities set out in the third and fourth subparagraphs of this paragraph shall apply only until the date from which smart tachographs complying with the requirement of recording border crossings and additional activities referred to in the first subparagraph of article 8(1) of regulation (eu) no 165/2014 are required to be fitted in the vehicles registered in a member state for the first time , under the fourth subparagraph of article 8(1) of that regulation. from that date the exemptions for additional activities set out in the third and fourth subparagraphs of this paragraph shall apply solely to drivers using vehicles fitted with smart tachographs , as provided for in articles 8 , 9 and 10 of that regulation. ### the exemptions for additional activities set out in the third and fourth subparagraphs of this paragraph shall apply only until negotiations between the union and relevant third countries as regards the application of rules equivalent to those laid down in this directive will be concluded.


### picks up passengers in the member state of establishment and sets them down in another member state or a third country; ### picks up passengers in the member state of establishment and sets them down in another member state and/or a third country;


### picks up passengers in a member state or a third country and sets them down in the member state of establishment; or ### picks up passengers in a member state and/or a third country and sets them down in the member state of establishment; or


### picks up and sets down passengers in the member state of establishment for the purpose of carrying out local excursions in another member state or a third country , in accordance with regulation (ec) no 1073/2009. ### picks up and sets down passengers in the member state of establishment for the purpose of carrying out local excursions in another member state and/or a third country , in accordance with regulation (ec) no 1073/2009.


### from … [18 months after the entry into force of this directive] , which is the date from which drivers are required , pursuant to article 34(7) of regulation (eu) no 165/2014 , to record border crossing data manually , member states shall apply the exemption for bilateral transport operations in respect of passengers set out in the first and second subparagraphs of this paragraph also where , in addition to performing a bilateral transport operation , the driver picks up passengers once and/or sets down passengers once in member states or third countries that the driver crosses , provided that the driver does not offer passenger transport services between two locations within the member state crossed. the same shall apply to the return journey. ### deleted


### the exemption for additional activities set out in the third subparagraph of this paragraph shall apply only until the date from which smart tachographs complying with the requirement of recording of border crossings and additional activities referred to in the first subparagraph of article 8(1) of regulation (eu) no 165/2014 are required to be fitted in the vehicles registered in a member state for the first time , under the fourth subparagraph of article 8(1) of that regulation. from that date the exemption for additional activities set out in the third subparagraph of this paragraph shall apply solely to drivers using vehicles fitted with smart tachographs , as provided for in articles 8 , 9 and 10 of that regulation. ### deleted


### 8. a posting shall , for the purpose of article 3(1a) of directive 96/71/ec , be considered to be ending when the driver leaves the host member state in the performance of the international carriage of goods or passengers. that period of posting shall not be cumulated with previous periods of posting in the context of such international operations performed by the same driver or by another driver whom he or she replaces. ### 8. a posting shall , for the purpose of article 3(1a) of directive 96/71/ec , be considered as ending when the driver finally delivers goods or sets passengers down in the host member state in the performance of an international carriage of goods or passengers , and that posting period shall not be cumulated with previous posting periods in the context of such international operations of the same driver or another driver he replaces.


### 10. transport undertakings established in a non-member state shall not be given more favourable treatment than undertakings established in a member state , including when performing transport operations under bilateral or multilateral agreements granting access to the union market or parts thereof. ### 10. transport undertakings established in a non-member state shall not be given more favourable treatment than undertakings established in a member state. hence once this directive has entered into force , the union shall begin negotiations with the relevant third countries with a view to the application of rules equivalent to those laid down in this directive.


### this directive shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the official journal of the european union. ### this directive shall enter into force on [insert date 18 month after that of its publication in the official journal of the european union].


### 1. calls for an ambitious 2021 budget that will enable the eu to rise to the external policy challenges and strive towards the goal of achieving strategic autonomy; ### 1. calls for an ambitious 2021 budget that will enable the eu to rise to the external policy challenges , fulfil its objectives and strive towards the goal of achieving strategic autonomy;


### 2. stresses that eu transport policy is essential for europe’s economic , social and environmental development and its sustainability; strongly requests , therefore , that eu transport policy receive adequate and sufficient funding in order to secure growth , jobs and competitiveness in europe , including in the more remote geographical areas; requests additional investments in research and innovation , and in social and territorial cohesion; ### 2. stresses that eu transport policy is essential for europe’s economic , social and environmental development and its sustainability; strongly requests , therefore , that eu transport policy receive adequate and sufficient funding in order to secure sustainable growth , jobs , security and a focus on climate change and land conservation in europe , especially in the more remote and disadvantaged geographical areas; requests additional investments in research and innovation , in meeting environmental challenges and in social and territorial cohesion;


### 2. emphasises the need to increase the funding for the western balkan countries and the countries of the eastern and southern neighbourhood in order to support political and economic reforms , with a focus on the most committed partners; ### 2. underlines the strategic importance of enlargement policy in the western balkans and of its neighbourhood policy; emphasises the need to increase the funding for the western balkan countries and the countries of the eastern and southern neighbourhood in order to support political and economic reforms , with a focus on the most committed partners;


### 4. believes eu transport financing should be aligned to the green deal’s regulatory requirements and that full alignment with the paris agreement should be guaranteed; ### 4. believes eu transport financing must be aligned to the green deal’s regulatory requirements and that full alignment with the paris agreement should be guaranteed;


### 5. reiterates that transport must contribute to achieving climate neutrality by 2050; ### 5. reiterates that transport must contribute to achieving climate neutrality as quickly as possible and in all events no later than 2050;


### 5. reiterates that the new efi architecture should enhance coherence , accountability , efficiency and democratic oversight; emphasises the need for a greater role for the european parliament in the strategic steering of the new instruments; expects to be involved from an early stage in the (pre-)programming of the new instruments; ### 5. reiterates that the new efi architecture should enhance coherence , accountability , transparency , efficiency and democratic oversight; emphasises the need for a greater role for the european parliament in the strategic steering of the new instruments; expects to be involved from an early stage in the (pre-)programming of the new instruments;


### – emphasises the crucial role of the connecting europe facility (cef) in fostering the development of a high-performance trans-european network (ten-t) that is sustainable and interconnected across the areas of transport , energy and digital services infrastructure; reiterates that the swift completion of the ten-t will make a significant contribution to socio-economic and territorial cohesion in the eu and to the promotion of the eu’s decarbonisation objectives; requests , therefore , that the cef-transport budget be increased for the mff 2021-2027 and that its allocation for 2021 be decided accordingly; ### – emphasises the crucial role of the connecting europe facility (cef) in fostering the development of a high-performance trans-european network (ten-t) that is sustainable and interconnected across the areas of transport , energy and digital services infrastructure; reiterates that the swift completion of the ten-t will make a significant contribution to socio-economic and territorial cohesion in the eu and to the promotion of the eu’s decarbonisation objectives; requests , therefore , that the cef-transport budget be increased for the mff 2021-2027 and that its allocation for 2021 be decided accordingly , and that all funding for fossil-fuel distribution networks be discontinued;


### 13. stresses the importance of agencies and joint undertakings in improving the transport sector’s performance and in fostering a reduction of transport emissions based on technological progress and rules; points out the importance of these agencies and joint undertakings receiving adequate financial and human resources; ### 13. stresses the importance of agencies and joint undertakings in improving the transport sector’s performance and in fostering a reduction of transport emissions based on technological progress and rules; points out the importance of these agencies and joint undertakings receiving adequate financial and human resources; calls on the commission to monitor agencies’ financial and administrative management more actively , especially as regards conflicts of interest;


### 7. urges the commission to present a differentiated budget nomenclature for the new external financing instruments , notably by including at least one budget line for each third country receiving significant amounts of eu assistance; stresses that in the context of a more streamlined set of instruments , the budget structure needs to be sufficiently detailed to allow parliament to carry out its budgetary functions effectively and fulfil its oversight role. ### 7. urges the commission to present a differentiated budget nomenclature for the new external financing instruments , notably by including at least one budget line for each third country receiving significant amounts of eu assistance; stresses that in the context of a more streamlined set of instruments , the budget structure needs to be sufficiently detailed and transparent to allow parliament to carry out its budgetary functions effectively and fulfil its oversight role.


### 3. reiterates its position that external assistance should be financed in full from the union’s budget and emphasises that actions under the trust funds (eutfs) are only bridging solutions until their full replacement by the future efis , in particular the neighbourhood development and international cooperation instrument (ndici) and the instrument for pre-accession assistance (ipa iii); regrets that humanitarian objectives , such as preserving the dignity and human rights of migrants and other vulnerable groups have not been met in the implementation of actions under the tfs such as eu tf madad and eu tf for africa in several instances; recalls furthermore that the respect for human rights , fundamental freedoms , the promotion of the rule of law , democratic principles , transparency , good governance and peace and stability are essential elements of the eu tf for colombia; calls on the commission to increase scrutiny of the actions of the implementing partners in this regard. ### 3. reiterates its position that external assistance should be financed in full from the union’s budget and emphasises that actions under the trust funds (eutfs) are only bridging solutions until their full replacement by the future efis , in particular the neighbourhood development and international cooperation instrument (ndici) and the instrument for pre-accession assistance (ipa iii); regrets that humanitarian objectives , such as preserving the dignity and human rights of migrants and other vulnerable groups have not been met in the implementation of actions under the tfs such as eu tf madad and eu tf for africa in several instances; recalls furthermore that the respect for human rights , fundamental freedoms , the promotion of the rule of law , democratic principles , transparency , good governance and peace and stability are essential elements of the eu tf for colombia; calls on the commission to increase scrutiny of the actions of the implementing partners in this regard; calls for consideration to be given to the reimbursement of funds paid out under successive instruments since 2005 , should turkey’s accession process be brought to a definitive end;


### 1. notes that no estimate of the level of error rate for spending under heading 4 has been calculated for 2019 by the european court of auditors (eca); emphasises that the eca has identified limitations which may lead to an underestimation of the residual error rate (rer); fully supports the recommendations formulated by the eca , in particular the need to disclose the limitations of the rer study in dg near’s future annual activity reports , as well as strengthening dg near’s checks of the external financing instruments’ (efis) by identifying and preventing recurrent errors; ### 1. notes that no estimate of the level of error rate for spending under heading 4 has been calculated for 2019 by the european court of auditors (eca); emphasises that the eca has identified limitations which may lead to an underestimation of the residual error rate (rer); fully supports the recommendations formulated by the eca , in particular the need to disclose the limitations of the rer study in dg near’s future annual activity reports , as well as strengthening dg near’s checks of the external financing instruments’ (efis) by identifying and preventing recurrent errors; calls for more effective checks on funds for lebanon in light of the information showing that the endemic corruption in lebanon has resulted in the non-implementation of projects initially financed by the european union and that the relevant funds have moreover been misappropriated;


### performance: the european regional development fund (erdf) and the cohesion fund (cf) ### performance: the european regional development fund (erdf) , the cohesion fund (cf) , and the european social fund (esf)


### a. whereas tourism is a cross-cutting economic activity with a wide-ranging impact on regions’ economic growth , employment and social and sustainable development; ### a. whereas tourism is a cross-cutting economic activity with a wide-ranging impact on the eu's economy as a whole , particularly on the regions’ economic growth , employment and social and sustainable development;


### f. whereas article 195 of the tfeu provides that the union should coordinate and complement the action of the member states in tourism; ### f. whereas article 195 of the tfeu provides that the union should coordinate and complement the action of the member states in tourism while respecting the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality;


### 1. asks the member states to apply , without delay , common criteria for travel , in particular tracking forms , which make tracking platforms interoperable , and criteria at transport hubs , and for the european centre for disease prevention and control to publish , in a timely manner , the map of union countries and regions , with a view to offering travellers a coordinated and efficient response; ### 1. asks the commission and the member states to introduce , without delay , common , clear criteria for travel; draws attention to the need to harmonise tracking forms , which make tracking platforms interoperable , and criteria at transport hubs , and calls on the european centre for disease prevention and control to monitor and publish , in a timely manner , data on the epidemic and the measures in force in the union countries and regions , with a view to offering travellers a coordinated and efficient response;


### 1. asks the member states to apply , without delay , common criteria for travel , in particular tracking forms , which make tracking platforms interoperable , and criteria at transport hubs , and for the european centre for disease prevention and control to publish , in a timely manner , the map of union countries and regions , with a view to offering travellers a coordinated and efficient response; ### 1. asks the member states to apply , without delay , common criteria for travel based on the public health situation in the member states , in particular tracking forms , which make tracking platforms interoperable , and criteria at transport hubs , and for the european centre for disease prevention and control to publish , in a timely manner , the map of union countries and regions , with a view to offering travellers a coordinated and efficient response;


### 3. points out that the existence of cultural heritage sites encourages people to travel and learn about different societies and cultures; recalls that 72 % of a survey group aged between 15-24 agree that the presence of cultural heritage can have an influence on their choice of holiday destination; highlights the role that the discovereu initiative can play in this regard; notes , however , that the initiative has not benefited young people equally; calls on the commission to find ways to better involve young people from socially disadvantaged backgrounds , from rural and remote areas of the member states , and from member states without good rail links to other eu countries; ### 3. points out that the existence of cultural heritage sites encourages people to travel and learn about different societies and cultures; recalls that 72 % of a survey group aged between 15-24 agree that the presence of cultural heritage can have an influence on their choice of holiday destination; highlights the role that the discovereu initiative can play in this regard; calls on the commission to further improve ways to involve young people from socially disadvantaged backgrounds , from rural and remote areas of the member states , and from member states without good rail links to other eu countries;


### 7. deplores the fact that next generation eu does not include direct financing to the tourism industry and calls on the member states to include the industry in their recovery plans and in the react-eu initiative; ### 7. deplores the fact that next generation eu does not include direct financing to the tourism industry and calls on the member states to include the industry in their recovery plans and in the react-eu initiative; calls on the member states to mobilise and use all the resources made available , including in connection with the reprogramming of the structural funds for the period 2014-2020 , in order to meet firms' urgent liquidity needs and thus enable them to continue and develop their activities or switch to new ones;


### 9. calls on the commission to establish a new model of governance between institutions , strengthening the organisational , financial and human resources structure of the tourism , textiles and creative industries unit within dg grow , with a view to taking an integrated and efficient approach to tourism; ### 9. calls on the commission to establish a new model of governance between institutions , strengthening the organisational , financial and human resources structure of the tourism , textiles and creative industries unit within dg grow , with a view to taking an integrated and efficient approach to tourism which includes close cooperation with the farming industry;


### 10. deplores the fact that the multiannual financial framework 2021-2027 does not include a dedicated line for sustainable tourism , which would represent a commitment to implementing the european tourism policy approved by the european parliament; ### 10. deplores the fact that the multiannual financial framework 2021-2027 does not include a dedicated line for tourism , which would represent a commitment to implementing the european tourism policy approved by the european parliament; takes the view , in particular , that the commission should launch a communication plan in connection with the revival of tourism at european level , promoting an integrated approach to the provision of tourism services through a single platform which offers access to the full range of such services;


### 11. calls on the commission to create a european mechanism to monitor the provision of support to micro , small and medium-sized enterprises , focusing on liquidity , lending and transparency; ### 11. calls on the commission to create a european mechanism to monitor the provision of support to micro , small and medium-sized enterprises , focusing on liquidity , lending and transparency; calls on the commission , further , to take real steps to simplify access to funding for smes , in particular in the tourism sector;


### 15. calls on the commission to set up a european agency for tourism; ### 15. calls on the commission to set up a european coordination platform for tourism;


### 16. notes that sustainable tourism should take into account current and future economic , social and environmental impact , addressing the needs of visitors , the industry , the environment and local communities7 ; ### 16. notes that sustainable tourism should take into account current and future economic , social and environmental impact , addressing the needs of visitors , the industry , the environment and local communities7 ; calls on the commission to address the problem of overtourism by promoting less-know regional and local attractions and destinations within europe;


### 18. calls on the commission to examine the barriers to obtaining the ecolabel and to expand its scope to other tourism services , as a complement to the emas for tourism , and to establish mechanisms to support those certification schemes; ### 18. calls on the commission to examine the barriers to obtaining the ecolabel and to expand its scope to other tourism services , as a complement to the emas for tourism , and to establish mechanisms to support those certification schemes; calls on the commission to make it a compulsory requirement for package travel providers to include an environmental impact assessment of the proposed package , taking into account not only the impact of the transport , which should be judged separately , but an assessment of all the projected emissions for the stay;


### 22. notes that tourism is closely linked to mobility and that the member states must , with eu financial support , invest in the transition to cleaner fuels , and in platforms that guarantee the interoperability and intermodality of ticketing systems; ### 22. notes that tourism is closely linked to mobility and that the member states must , with eu financial support , invest in the transition to an economy with zero environmental impact; considers it vital , moreover , that the eu should support platforms that guarantee the interoperability and intermodality of ticketing systems;


### 25. commends the commission for its work on the 14 actions which make up the strategy for coastal and maritime tourism , and invites it to present the results , which can be used to channel financing to infrastructure (ports and marinas) , logistical and operational support , and the use of renewable energy; ### 25. commends the commission for its work on the 14 actions which make up the strategy for coastal and maritime tourism , and invites it to present the results , which can be used to channel financing to infrastructure (ports and marinas) , logistical and operational support , and the use of renewable energy; calls on the commission to encourage the use of eu funds for the modernisation of ferries and to promote the use of electric-powered boats;


### 32. calls on the commission to create literacy programmes for senior executives in micro , small and medium-sized enterprises , giving them the skills to optimise their wealth-creating potential; ### 32. points out that the tourism industry consists largely of smes; calls on the commission to raise the profile of small firms , which are often not represented on industry bodies , and to create literacy programmes for senior executives in micro , small and medium-sized enterprises , giving them the skills to optimise their wealth-creating potential;


### having regard to the treaty on the functioning of the european union , and in particular article 192(1) thereof , ### having regard to the treaty on the functioning of the european union (tfeu) , and in particular article 192(1) thereof ,


### (1) the commission has , in its communication of 11 december 2019 entitled ‘the european green deal’19 , set out a new growth strategy that aims to transform the union into a fair and prosperous society , with a modern , resource-efficient and competitive economy , where there are no net emissions of greenhouse gases in 2050 and where economic growth is decoupled from resource use. it also aims to protect , conserve and enhance the union's natural capital , and protect the health and well-being of citizens from environment-related risks and impacts. at the same time , this transition must be just and inclusive , leaving no one behind. ### (1) the commission has , in its communication of 11 december 2019 entitled ‘the european green deal’19 , set out a new growth strategy that aims to transform the union into a fair and prosperous society , with a modern , resource-efficient and competitive economy , where there are no net emissions of greenhouse gases in 2050 and where economic growth is decoupled from resource use. it also aims to protect , conserve and enhance the union's natural capital , and protect the health and well-being of citizens from environment-related risks and impacts. at the same time , this transition must be just and inclusive , leaving no one behind , including citizens , regions , urban and rural areas.


### (1) the commission has , in its communication of 11 december 2019 entitled ‘the european green deal’19 , set out a new growth strategy that aims to transform the union into a fair and prosperous society , with a modern , resource-efficient and competitive economy , where there are no net emissions of greenhouse gases in 2050 and where economic growth is decoupled from resource use. it also aims to protect , conserve and enhance the union's natural capital , and protect the health and well-being of citizens from environment-related risks and impacts. at the same time , this transition must be just and inclusive , leaving no one behind. ### (1) the commission has , in its communication of 11 december 2019 entitled ‘the european green deal’19 , set out a new growth strategy that aims to transform the union into a fair and prosperous society , with a modern , resource-efficient and competitive economy , where there are no net emissions of greenhouse gases in 2050 and where economic growth is decoupled from resource use. it also aims to protect , conserve and enhance the union's natural capital , and protect the health and well-being of citizens from environment-related risks and impacts. at the same time , this transition must be just and inclusive.


### (1) the commission has , in its communication of 11 december 2019 entitled ‘the european green deal’19 , set out a new growth strategy that aims to transform the union into a fair and prosperous society , with a modern , resource-efficient and competitive economy , where there are no net emissions of greenhouse gases in 2050 and where economic growth is decoupled from resource use. it also aims to protect , conserve and enhance the union's natural capital , and protect the health and well-being of citizens from environment-related risks and impacts. at the same time , this transition must be just and inclusive , leaving no one behind. ### (1) the commission has , in its communication of 11 december 2019 entitled ‘the european green deal’19 , set out a new growth strategy that aims to transform the union into a fair and prosperous society , with a modern , resource-efficient and competitive economy , where there are no net emissions of greenhouse gases in 2050 and where economic growth is decoupled from resource use. it also aims to protect , conserve and enhance the union's natural capital , and protect the health and well-being of citizens from environment-related risks and impacts. at the same time , this transition must be just and inclusive , leaving no one behind. nevertheless , this transition should ensure a balanced approach in terms of the three dimensions of sustainability - social , environmental and economic.


### (1) the commission has , in its communication of 11 december 2019 entitled ‘the european green deal’19 , set out a new growth strategy that aims to transform the union into a fair and prosperous society , with a modern , resource-efficient and competitive economy , where there are no net emissions of greenhouse gases in 2050 and where economic growth is decoupled from resource use. it also aims to protect , conserve and enhance the union's natural capital , and protect the health and well-being of citizens from environment-related risks and impacts. at the same time , this transition must be just and inclusive , leaving no one behind. ### (1) the commission has , in its communication of 11 december 2019 entitled ‘the european green deal’19 , set out a new growth strategy that aims to transform the union into a fair and prosperous society , with a modern , resource-efficient and competitive economy , where there are no net emissions of greenhouse gases in 2050 and where economic growth is decoupled from resource use. it also aims to protect , conserve and enhance the union's natural capital , and protect the health and well-being of citizens from environment-related risks and impacts. at the same time , this transition must be just and inclusive , leaving no one behind , particularly in rural and mountainous areas and the outermost regions.


### (3) a fixed long-term objective is crucial to contribute to economic and societal transformation , jobs , growth , and the achievement of the united nations sustainable development goals , as well as to move in a fair and cost-effective manner towards the temperature goal of the 2015 paris agreement on climate change following the 21st conference of the parties to the united nations framework convention on climate change (the ‘paris agreement’). ### (3) a fixed long-term objective is crucial to contribute to economic and societal transformation , jobs , sustainable growth , and the achievement of the united nations sustainable development goals , as well as to move in a fair and cost-effective manner towards the temperature goal of the 2015 paris agreement on climate change following the 21st conference of the parties to the united nations framework convention on climate change (the ‘paris agreement’).


### (3) a fixed long-term objective is crucial to contribute to economic and societal transformation , jobs , growth , and the achievement of the united nations sustainable development goals , as well as to move in a fair and cost-effective manner towards the temperature goal of the 2015 paris agreement on climate change following the 21st conference of the parties to the united nations framework convention on climate change (the ‘paris agreement’). ### (3) a fixed long-term objective is important to contribute to economic and societal transformation , jobs , growth , and the achievement of the united nations sustainable development goals , as well as to move in a fair and cost-effective manner towards the temperature goal of the 2015 paris agreement on climate change following the 21st conference of the parties to the united nations framework convention on climate change (the ‘paris agreement’).


### (5) the union’s and the member states’ climate action aims to protect people and the planet , welfare , prosperity , health , food systems , the integrity of eco-systems and biodiversity against the threat of climate change , in the context of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development and in pursuit of the objectives of the paris agreement , and to maximize prosperity within the planetary boundaries and to increase resilience and reduce vulnerability of society to climate change. ### (5) the union’s and the member states’ climate action aims to protect people and the planet , welfare , prosperity , health , food systems , the integrity of eco-systems and biodiversity against the threat of climate change , in the context of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development and in pursuit of the objectives of the paris agreement; it also seeks to maximize prosperity , increase resilience and reduce vulnerability of society to climate change , bearing in mind also the economic fallout of the covid-19 pandemic and the resulting recession.


### (5) the union’s and the member states’ climate action aims to protect people and the planet , welfare , prosperity , health , food systems , the integrity of eco-systems and biodiversity against the threat of climate change , in the context of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development and in pursuit of the objectives of the paris agreement , and to maximize prosperity within the planetary boundaries and to increase resilience and reduce vulnerability of society to climate change. ### (5) the union’s , the member states’ and regional and local authorities’ climate action aims to protect people and the planet , welfare , prosperity , health , food systems , the integrity of eco-systems and biodiversity against the threat of climate change , in the context of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development and in pursuit of the objectives of the paris agreement , and to maximize prosperity within the planetary boundaries and to increase resilience and reduce vulnerability of territories and society to climate change.


### (6) achieving climate neutrality should require a contribution from all economic sectors. in light of the importance of energy production and consumption on greenhouse gas emissions , the transition to a sustainable , affordable and secure energy system relying on a well-functioning internal energy market is essential. the digital transformation , technological innovation , and research and development are also important drivers for achieving the climate-neutrality objective. ### (6) achieving climate neutrality should require contribution from all economic sectors , taking into account their differences. in light of the importance of energy production and consumption on greenhouse gas emissions , the transition to a sustainable , affordable and secure energy system relying on a well-functioning internal energy market is essential. the digital transformation , technological innovation , and research and development are also important drivers for achieving the climate-neutrality objective.


### (6) achieving climate neutrality should require a contribution from all economic sectors. in light of the importance of energy production and consumption on greenhouse gas emissions , the transition to a sustainable , affordable and secure energy system relying on a well-functioning internal energy market is essential. the digital transformation , technological innovation , and research and development are also important drivers for achieving the climate-neutrality objective. ### (6) achieving climate neutrality should require a contribution from all economic sectors and all territorial administrations. in light of the importance of energy production and consumption on greenhouse gas emissions , the transition to a sustainable , affordable and secure energy system relying on a well-functioning internal energy market is essential. the digital transformation , technological innovation , and research and development are also important drivers for achieving the climate-neutrality objective and more resilient and sustainable territories by contributing to the development of rural areas and the fight against depopulation.


### (6) achieving climate neutrality should require a contribution from all economic sectors. in light of the importance of energy production and consumption on greenhouse gas emissions , the transition to a sustainable , affordable and secure energy system relying on a well-functioning internal energy market is essential. the digital transformation , technological innovation , and research and development are also important drivers for achieving the climate-neutrality objective. ### (6) achieving climate neutrality necessarily requires an impact assessment of every measure on all economic sectors. in light of the importance of energy production and consumption on greenhouse gas emissions , the transition to an environmentally and economically sustainable , affordable and secure energy system relying on a well-functioning internal energy market is needed. the digital transformation , technological innovation , and research and development are also important drivers for achieving the climate-neutrality objective.


### (6) achieving climate neutrality should require a contribution from all economic sectors. in light of the importance of energy production and consumption on greenhouse gas emissions , the transition to a sustainable , affordable and secure energy system relying on a well-functioning internal energy market is essential. the digital transformation , technological innovation , and research and development are also important drivers for achieving the climate-neutrality objective. ### (6) achieving climate neutrality should require a contribution from all economic sectors , including maritime transport. in light of the importance of energy production and consumption on greenhouse gas emissions , the transition to a sustainable , affordable and secure energy system relying on a well-functioning internal energy market is essential. the digital transformation , technological innovation , and research and development are also important drivers for achieving the climate-neutrality objective.


### (10) the union is a global leader in the transition towards climate neutrality , and is determined to help raise global ambition and to strengthen the global response to climate change , using all tools at its disposal , including climate diplomacy. ### (10) the union is a global leader in the transition towards climate neutrality , and is determined to help raise global ambition and to strengthen the global response , which is necessary to fight climate change , using all tools at its disposal , including climate diplomacy.


### (10) the union is a global leader in the transition towards climate neutrality , and is determined to help raise global ambition and to strengthen the global response to climate change , using all tools at its disposal , including climate diplomacy. ### (10) the union is a global leader in the transition towards climate neutrality , and is determined to help raise global ambition and to strengthen the global response to climate change , using all tools at its disposal , including trade and investment policy , development policy and climate diplomacy.


### (10) the union is a global leader in the transition towards climate neutrality , and is determined to help raise global ambition and to strengthen the global response to climate change , using all tools at its disposal , including climate diplomacy. ### (10) the union is responsible only for 9% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions , but already a global leader in the transition towards climate neutrality , and is determined to help raise global ambition and to strengthen the global response to climate change , using all tools at its disposal , including climate diplomacy because efforts will only be successful if the rest of the world also makes remarkable progress.


### (10) the union is a global leader in the transition towards climate neutrality , and is determined to help raise global ambition and to strengthen the global response to climate change , using all tools at its disposal , including climate diplomacy. ### (10) the union is responsible only for 9% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions but already a global leader in the transition towards climate neutrality , and is determined to achieve it in a just , fair and inclusive way as well as help raise global ambition and to strengthen the global response to climate change , using all tools at its disposal , including climate diplomacy.


### (11) the european parliament called for the necessary transition to a climate-neutral society by 2050 at the latest and for this to be made into a european success story33and has declared a climate and environment emergency34. the european council , in its conclusions of 12 december 201935 , has agreed on the objective of achieving a climate-neutral union by 2050 , in line with the objectives of the paris agreement , while also recognising that it is necessary to put in place an enabling framework and that the transition will require significant public and private investment. the european council also invited the commission to prepare a proposal for the union’s long-term strategy as early as possible in 2020 with a view to its adoption by the council and its submission to the united nations framework convention on climate change. ### (11) before the covid-19 pandemic , the european parliament called for a transition to a climate-neutral society by 2050 at the latest and for this to be made into a european success story33 and has declared a climate and environment emergency34 . the european council , in its conclusions of 12 december 201935 , has agreed on the objective of achieving a climate-neutral union by 2050 , in line with the objectives of the paris agreement , while also recognising that it is necessary to put in place an enabling framework and that the transition will require significant public and private investment. the european council also invited the commission to prepare a proposal for the union’s long-term strategy as early as possible in 2020 with a view to its adoption by the council and its submission to the united nations framework convention on climate change.


### (12) the union should aim to achieve a balance between anthropogenic economy-wide emissions and removals , through natural and technological solutions , of greenhouse gases domestically within the union by 2050. the union-wide 2050 climate-neutrality objective should be pursued by all member states collectively , and the member states , the european parliament , the council and the commission should take the necessary measures to enable its achievement. measures at union level will constitute an important part of the measures needed to achieve the objective. ### (12) the union should aim to achieve a balance between anthropogenic economy-wide emissions and removals , through natural and technological solutions , of greenhouse gases domestically within the union by 2050. the union-wide 2050 climate-neutrality objective should be pursued by all member states and their regions collectively , and the member states , the european parliament , the council and the commission should take the necessary measures to enable its achievement. measures at union level will constitute an important part of the measures needed to achieve the objective. the achievement of the union’s climate-neutrality objective requires fulfilment of specific climate-neutrality objectives at national level.


### (12) the union should aim to achieve a balance between anthropogenic economy-wide emissions and removals , through natural and technological solutions , of greenhouse gases domestically within the union by 2050. the union-wide 2050 climate-neutrality objective should be pursued by all member states collectively , and the member states , the european parliament , the council and the commission should take the necessary measures to enable its achievement. measures at union level will constitute an important part of the measures needed to achieve the objective. ### (12) the union should aim to achieve a balance between anthropogenic economy-wide emissions and removals , through natural and technological solutions , of greenhouse gases domestically within the union from 2050 , in line with the priority objective of economic recovery. the union-wide 2050 climate-neutrality objective should be pursued by all member states collectively , and the member states , the european parliament , the council and the commission should take the necessary measures to enable its achievement. measures at union level will constitute an important part of the measures needed to achieve the objective.


### (12) the union should aim to achieve a balance between anthropogenic economy-wide emissions and removals , through natural and technological solutions , of greenhouse gases domestically within the union by 2050. the union-wide 2050 climate-neutrality objective should be pursued by all member states collectively , and the member states , the european parliament , the council and the commission should take the necessary measures to enable its achievement. measures at union level will constitute an important part of the measures needed to achieve the objective. ### (12) the union should aim to achieve a balance between anthropogenic economy-wide emissions and removals , through natural and technological solutions , of greenhouse gases domestically within the union from 2050. the union-wide 2050 climate-neutrality objective should be pursued by all member states collectively , and the member states , the european parliament , the council and the commission should take the necessary measures to enable its achievement. measures at union level will constitute an important part of the measures needed to achieve the objective.


### (12) the union should aim to achieve a balance between anthropogenic economy-wide emissions and removals , through natural and technological solutions , of greenhouse gases domestically within the union by 2050. the union-wide 2050 climate-neutrality objective should be pursued by all member states collectively , and the member states , the european parliament , the council and the commission should take the necessary measures to enable its achievement. measures at union level will constitute an important part of the measures needed to achieve the objective. ### (12) the union should aim to achieve a balance between anthropogenic economy-wide emissions and removals , through natural and technological solutions , of greenhouse gases - domestically within the union and via international mitigations - by 2050. the union-wide 2050 climate-neutrality objective should be pursued by all member states collectively , and the member states , the european parliament , the council and the commission should take the necessary measures to enable its achievement. measures at union level will constitute an important part of the measures needed to achieve the objective.


### (13) the union should continue its climate action and international climate leadership after 2050 , in order to protect people and the planet against the threat of dangerous climate change , in pursuit of the temperature goals set out in the paris agreement and following the scientific recommendations of the ipcc. ### (13) the union should continue its climate action and international climate leadership after 2050 , in order to protect people and the planet against the threat of dangerous climate change , by promoting climate change adaptation programmes worldwide , in pursuit of the temperature goals set out in the paris agreement and following the scientific recommendations of the ipcc.


### (13) the union should continue its climate action and international climate leadership after 2050 , in order to protect people and the planet against the threat of dangerous climate change , in pursuit of the temperature goals set out in the paris agreement and following the scientific recommendations of the ipcc. ### (13) the union should continue its climate action and international climate leadership after 2050 , in order to protect people and the planet against the threat of dangerous climate change , in pursuit of the temperature goals set out in the paris agreement.


### (14) adaptation is a key component of the long-term global response to climate change. therefore , member states and the union should enhance their adaptive capacity , strengthen resilience and reduce vulnerability to climate change , as provided for in article 7 of the paris agreement , as well as maximise the co-benefits with other environmental policies and legislation. member states should adopt comprehensive national adaptation strategies and plans. ### (14) adaptation is a key component of the long-term global response to climate change. therefore , member states and the union should enhance their adaptive capacity , strengthen resilience and reduce vulnerability to climate change , as provided for in article 7 of the paris agreement , as well as maximise the co-benefits with other environmental policies and legislation. member states should adopt comprehensive national adaptation strategies and plans , taking into account the information provided by regions and local entities. member states should involve their regions and , where applicable , large municipalities or local conglomerates , in the drafting and adoption of comprehensive strategies and plans.


### (14) adaptation is a key component of the long-term global response to climate change. therefore , member states and the union should enhance their adaptive capacity , strengthen resilience and reduce vulnerability to climate change , as provided for in article 7 of the paris agreement , as well as maximise the co-benefits with other environmental policies and legislation. member states should adopt comprehensive national adaptation strategies and plans. ### (14) adaptation is a key component of the long-term global response to climate change. therefore , member states and the union should enhance their adaptive capacity , strengthen resilience and reduce vulnerability to climate change , as provided for in article 7 of the paris agreement , as well as maximise the co-benefits with other environmental policies and legislation. member states should adopt comprehensive national adaptation strategies and plans in cooperation with regional and local authorities , with particular emphasis on local investment and education programmes to promote self-consumption , renewable energy integration and improving energy efficiency. regional and local adaptation strategies and plans should be supported by esi funds and aligned with their respective national strategy.


### (15) in taking the relevant measures at union and national level to achieve the climate-neutrality objective , member states and the european parliament , the council and the commission should take into account the contribution of the transition to climate neutrality to the well-being of citizens , the prosperity of society and the competitiveness of the economy; energy and food security and affordability; fairness and solidarity across and within member states considering their economic capability , national circumstances and the need for convergence over time; the need to make the transition just and socially fair; best available scientific evidence , in particular the findings reported by the ipcc; the need to integrate climate change related risks into investment and planning decisions; cost-effectiveness and technological neutrality in achieving greenhouse gas emissions reductions and removals and increasing resilience; progression over time in environmental integrity and level of ambition. ### (15) in taking the relevant measures at union and national level to achieve the climate-neutrality objective , member states and the european parliament , the council and the commission should take into account the contribution of the transition to climate neutrality to the well-being of citizens , the prosperity of society and the competitiveness of the economy; the net balance of employment resulting from measures and the upskilling and the reskilling of workers and their social inclusion; the adaptation needs and opportunities in different economic sectors; energy and food security and affordability; fairness , solidarity and sincere cooperation across and within member states considering their economic capability , national and regional circumstances and the need for convergence over time; the demographic challenges , connectivity and cohesion among union’s regions; the need to make the transition just and socially fair; best available scientific evidence , in particular the findings reported by the ipcc; the need to integrate climate change related risks into investment and planning decisions including a rapid phase-out of direct and indirect fossil fuel subsidies to be achieved in the 2021 budgetary cycle for the union and national budgets; cost-effectiveness and technological neutrality in achieving greenhouse gas emissions reductions and removals and increasing resilience of territories and society; progression over time in environmental integrity and level of ambition; progression of technological innovation and clean energies.


### (16) the transition to climate neutrality requires changes across the entire policy spectrum and a collective effort of all sectors of the economy and society , as illustrated by the commission in its communication ‘the european green deal’. the european council , in its conclusions of 12 december 2019 , stated that all relevant union legislation and policies need to be consistent with , and contribute to , the fulfilment of the climate-neutrality objective while respecting a level playing field , and invited the commission to examine whether this requires an adjustment of the existing rules. ### (16) the transition to climate neutrality requires gradual and progressive change across the entire policy spectrum and a collective effort of all sectors of the economy and society. the european council , in its conclusions of 12 december 2019 , stated that all relevant union legislation and policies need to be consistent with , and contribute to , the fulfilment of the climate-neutrality objective while respecting a level playing field , and invited the commission to examine whether this requires an adjustment of the existing rules.