### 3. stresses the importance of policies and measures to support labour market transition , as well as to further develop resilient social systems around the union; insists on the need for up- and reskilling policies to address the demographic challenge and the green and digital transition; insists on the importance of investing in social inclusion and support measures for children and young people; recalls that the integration into the labour market of the most vulnerable groups , such as people in poverty , people with disabilities , young and elderly people , the unemployed , and people displaced as a result of the war in ukraine , is paramount; ### 3. stresses the importance of policies and measures to support labour market transition , as well as to further develop resilient social systems around eu; insists on the need for up- and reskilling policies to address the demographic challenge and the green and digital transition and in order to achieve the objectives of the porto summit to have 78% employment among 20 to 64 years old and 60% of all adults participate in training every year by 2030; insists on the importance of investing in social inclusion and support measures for children and young people; insists on housing as a human right and the need to have access to decent and affordable housing for all , as well as preventing housing evictions; calls on the commission to ensure sufficient funding for the european platform on combatting homelessness in order to achieve the objective of ending homelessness by 2030; recalls that the integration into the labour market of those who are able to work and of the most vulnerable groups , such as people in poverty , people with disabilities , young and elderly people , the unemployed , and migrants is paramount;


### 3. regrets the council’s position on the db , which cuts eur 1 ,64 billion in commitment appropriations and eur 530 million in payment appropriations for the mff headings compared to the commission’s proposal; considers that the cuts proposed by the council are not driven by an objective assessment of either implementation trends or absorption capacities and run counter to core shared policy priorities; considers that the council should not target programmes that benefit from the adjustment provided for in article 5 of the mff regulation for “rebalancing and stabilisation” , since that would contradict the objective of that mff provision , which was to strengthen specific political priorities; recalls in particular that article 5 of the mff regulation does not provide “top ups” , as suggested by the council; concludes that the council’s position is far from parliament’s expectations; decides therefore , as a general rule , to restore appropriations on lines cut by the council to the level of the db , for both operational and administrative expenditure , and to take the db as the starting point for parliament’s position; ### 3. regrets and fails to understand the council’s position on the db , which cuts eur 1 ,64 billion in commitment appropriations and eur 530 million in payment appropriations for the mff headings compared to the commission’s proposal; considers that the cuts proposed by the council are not driven by an objective assessment of either implementation trends or absorption capacities , neither the reality of the current above mentioned challenges faced by the union and its citizens including war in ukraine , covid-19 pandemics of climate change and biodiversity crisis and run counter to core shared policy priorities putting at risk the ability of the union to successfully implement its key political objectives and priorities including the european green deal and decarbonisation of the eu's economy by 2050 the latest and the just transition or meeting its international obligations such as those stemming from the paris agreement; considers that the council should not target programmes that benefit from the adjustment provided for in article 5 of the mff regulation for “rebalancing and stabilisation” , since that would contradict the objective of that mff provision , which was to strengthen specific political priorities; recalls in particular that article 5 of the mff regulation does not provide “top ups” , as suggested by the council; concludes that the council’s position is far from parliament’s expectations; decides therefore , as a general rule , to restore appropriations on lines cut by the council to the level of the db , for both operational and administrative expenditure , and to take the db as the starting point for parliament’s position;


### 3. stresses that russia’s military aggression has led to significant disruptions in trade flows and an increase in energy prices requiring the use of european maritime , fisheries and aquaculture fund (emfaf) crisis measures; calls on the commission to further increase such efforts with the aim of compensating the sharp increase of fuel prices and other additional costs , which since march 2022 have doubled compared to the average price in 2021; welcomes the amending of the emff regulation1 aiming at alleviating the consequences of the war on the sector and on the markets; ### 3. stresses that russia’s military aggression has led to significant disruptions in trade flows and an increase in energy prices requiring the use of european maritime , fisheries and aquaculture fund (emfaf) crisis measures; calls on the commission to further increase such efforts with the aim of compensating the sharp increase of fuel prices and other additional costs , which since march 2022 have doubled compared to the average price in 2021; welcomes the amending of the emff regulation1 aiming at alleviating the consequences of the war on the sector and on the markets; calls on member states to fully and swiftly utilise the support provided;


### 3. reminds the importance of achieving climate and biodiversity mainstreaming targets in the union budget and the european union recovery instrument expenditures; in this regard insists on the need to track climate and biodiversity-related expenditure and welcomes the biodiversity tracking methodology upgraded by the commission in view of the union budget 2023; calls on the commission to address the conclusions of the european court of auditors regarding overstated climate spending1 ; calls on member states to ensure the integration of biodiversity in partnership agreements and operational programmes; ### 3. expects the climate and biodiversity mainstreaming targets to be achieved in the union budget and the european union recovery instrument expenditures , in line with the targets laid down in the interinstitutional agreement; in this regard welcomes the efforts for a more transparent and comprehensive reporting , in particular the clarifications to climate mainstreaming in working document 1 , the relevant chapter in the statement of estimates commission staff working document on climate mainstreaming architecture and emphasises the need to carry out sufficient ex-post evaluations and to work on the granularity of the date available; calls on the commission to address the conclusions of the european court of auditors regarding overstated climate spending1 in particular as regards the mainstreaming targets in the cap , and in this regard insists on the importance of cap strategic plans; calls on member states to ensure the integration of biodiversity in partnership agreements and operational programmes as well as in their cap strategic plans;


### 3. notes that the majority of external action spending is concentrated under the neighbourhood , development and international cooperation instrument - global europe (ndici/global europe) and the instrument for pre-accession assistance (ipa iii) , which has ring-fenced budget allocations per geographical region , providing flexibility but due to the unprecedented pressure sees the urgent need for new initiatives and proposals to be put forward; ### 3. notes that the majority of external action spending is concentrated under the neighbourhood , development and international cooperation instrument - global europe (ndici/global europe) and the instrument for pre-accession assistance (ipa iii) , which has ring-fenced budget allocations per geographical region , providing flexibility but due to the unprecedented pressure sees the urgent need for new initiatives and proposals to be put forward; in particular , when adding ukraine , moldova and eventually georgia to the beneficiaries under ipa iii , to ensure that the overall ipa iii financial envelope will be sufficiently increased , so that there will not be a cut in funds for current ipa iii beneficiaries;


### 3. calls to increase thematic programs of the ndici-global europe and to focus on human development investments , in particular through the “people” thematic programme , to address growing inequalities; ### 3. calls to increase thematic programmes of the ndici-global europe (ndici-ge) and to focus on human development investments as required by the 20% budgetary target set in the regulation;


### 4. welcomes the commission proposal to allocate eur 16 ,7129 billion in 2023 to esf+; insists that esf+ must play a key role in supporting member states to achieve high employment levels , adequate social protection and a skilled and resilient workforce ready for the transition to a green and digital economy; ### 4. welcomes the commission proposal to allocate eur 16 ,7129 billion in 2023 to esf+; insists that esf+ must play a key role in supporting the member states to achieve high employment levels that ensure decent wages , working conditions , healthy work environments and social security coverage , adequate social protection and a skilled and resilient work force ready for the transition to a green and digital economy;


### 4. notes that the cultural and creative sectors and industries continue to suffer from the consequences of the covid-19 pandemic; points out , furthermore , that the rising inflation , caused by the war in ukraine is worsening the situation and therefore a bolstering of the creative europe programme is needed; consequently , insists on the need to reinstate at least half of the budgetary cut to creative europe programme , which was proposed by the commission for 2023 when compared to 2022 and in order to provide targeted support for the creative sectors and industries , including the performing arts and in particular the live performance sector; ### 4. notes that the cultural and creative sectors and industries continue to suffer from the consequences of the covid-19 pandemic; points out , furthermore , that the rising inflation is worsening the situation and therefore a bolstering of the creative europe programme is needed; consequently , insists on the need to reinstate at least half of the budgetary cut to creative europe programme , which was proposed by the commission for 2023 when compared to 2022 and in order to provide targeted support for the creative sectors and industries , including the performing arts and in particular the live performance sector;


### 4. invites the commission to expedite a strategy increasing the global share of eu aquaculture production which contributes to food supply and food security , especially against the backdrop of the ukrainian crisis; calls on the commission to make full use of the available financing resources of the european maritime fisheries and aquaculture fund (emfaf) , as this is the funding instrument specifically dedicated to the objectives of eu fisheries and aquaculture management; urges member states to earmark sufficient funding under the recovery and resilience facility to support the innovation , sustainability and resilience of eu aquaculture sector; ### 4. invites the commission to expedite a strategy increasing the global share of sustainable eu aquaculture production which contributes to food supply and food security , especially against the backdrop of the ukrainian crisis; calls on the commission to make full use of the available financing resources of the european maritime fisheries and aquaculture fund (emfaf) , as this is the funding instrument specifically dedicated to the objectives of eu fisheries and aquaculture management; urges member states to earmark sufficient funding under the recovery and resilience facility to support the innovation , sustainability and resilience of eu aquaculture sector;


### 4. highlights the need to ensure that the do-no-significant-harm principle is mainstreamed in all union activities through the budgetary implementation according to the commission proposal for amending the financial regulation in line with the union’s commitment to sustainable financing and the green transition; ### 4. stresses that the court of auditors found in its special report on sustainable finance that the do no significant harm principle is not applied to all eu expenditure and that several eu spending programmes permit the funding of environmentally harmful activities1a; highlights the need to ensure that the do-no-significant-harm principle is mainstreamed in all union activities , including in the recovery and resilience facility , through the budgetary implementation as agreed in the iia and welcomes the commission proposal for amending the financial regulation to include the do no significant harm principle in the regulation in line with the union’s commitment to sustainable financing and the green transition; calls on the commission to monitor the proper implementation of the do no significant harm principle and to take immediate corrective measures if and when needed;


### 4. calls for the provision of adequate resources for the coordination and surveillance of macroeconomic policies , for the fight against financial crime , money laundering and tax evasion , for the implementation of the oecd agreement on corporate taxation , for the enforcement of competition law , and for compliance with the economic governance framework; ### 4. calls for the provision of adequate resources for the coordination and surveillance of macroeconomic policies , for the fight against financial crime , money laundering and tax evasion , for the implementation of the oecd agreement on corporate taxation , for the enforcement of competition law , and for compliance with the economic governance framework and the european green deal;


### 4. continues to see the western balkans integration as a geopolitical priority , especially in the context of russia’s unprovoked aggression against ukraine , which resonated strongly across the region , but insists on the conditionality requirements regarding rule of law for every euro committed in the 2023 budget; ### 4. continues to see the western balkans integration as a geopolitical priority , especially in the context of russia’s unprovoked aggression against ukraine , which resonated strongly across the region; calls on the commission to prioritise the alignment of accession countries with the eu’s common foreign and security policy and to reconsider , in this light , any eu funds , including projects financed under the western balkan economic and investment plan , in order to ensure that all eu expenditures are fully in line with the eu’s own strategic goals and interests and not contradictory to them; continues to insist on the conditionality requirements regarding rule of law for every euro committed in the 2023 budget; and calls on the commission to implement the recommendations of the european court of auditors special report 01/2022 , in order to ensure an effective impact of eu financial assistance in support to the rule of law in the western balkans , in particular by developing guidelines on the application of ipa iii provisions on modulation/ conditionality;


### 4. underlines the need to support partner countries to buy and eventually produce vaccines and treatments , as well as to develop more robust health systems and close access gaps to essential health services; ### 4. underlines the need to support partner countries to buy and eventually produce vaccines and treatments , as well as to develop more robust health systems and close access gaps to essential health services; support the waiving of intellectual property protections for covid-19 vaccines; underlines that development aid should primary be dedicated to deliver - “horizontal” -universal health care system coverage through a holistic and rights-based approach , which entails i.a. to fully address the multidimensional nature of health (with close links to gender , food security and nutrition , water and sanitation , education and poverty); stresses that universal public health coverage must be associated with the expansion of the coverage of social health protection mechanisms during and beyond the crisis;


### 5. recalls the obligation by member states with rate of young people who are not in employment , education or training that is higher than the union average to allocate at least 12 ,5 % of their esf+ resources to implement the youth guarantee; calls on member states to make the best use of the employment and social innovation strand (easi) of esf+ for investment in social innovation and for stimulating labour mobility; takes note of the late start of easi in 2021 and the reduced budget for 2023 as a result of the covid-19 pandemic and other issues , and expects that it will reach its full working regime in 2024; stresses the importance of following up the european year of youth 2022 with concrete actions and policies for social inclusion and employment measures for young people; recalls that the commission should report on a regular basis on the implementation of the council recommendations establishing a european child guarantee and reinforcing a youth guarantee; ### 5. recalls the obligation by member states with a higher share than the average union rate of young people not in employment , education or training to allocate at least 12 ,5 % of their esf+ resources to implement the reinforced youth guarantee; calls on the member states to make the best use of the employment and social innovation strand (easi) of esf+ for investment in social innovation and for stimulating labour mobility; takes note of the late start of easi in 2021 and the reduced budget for 2023 as a result of the pandemic and other issues and expects that it reaches full working regime in 2024; regrets that the european year of youth 2022 has not come up with concrete actions and policies for social inclusion and employment measures for young people beyond alma , which reaches a very narrow range of young people; reminds that such a year could have been used to revise the quality framework for traineeships and ban unpaid internships , which are a form of exploitation; calls on the commission , therefore , to speed up the process for such revision and start it before the end of 2022; recalls that the commission should report on a regular basis on the implementation of the council recommendations establishing a european child guarantee and reinforcing a youth guarantee;


### 5. recalls its long-standing position that new policy priorities or tasks should be accompanied by fresh resources; intends to follow that approach for the chips act and the proposal for a union secure connectivity programme; welcomes the fact that the commission proposal establishing the european defence industry reinforcement through common procurement act does not entail redeployments from , or earmarking within , other programmes; ### 5. recalls its long-standing position that new policy priorities or tasks should be accompanied by fresh resources; intends to follow that approach for the chips act and the proposal for a union secure connectivity programme and expects to see the same for the priorities announced in the state of the union speech when the commission presents its amending letter; welcomes in that sense the fact that the commission proposal establishing the european defence industry reinforcement through common procurement act does not entail redeployments from , or earmarking within , other programmes;


### 5. emphasises the urgent need for more funding to fight disinformation; insists , in this regard , that the budget for the cross-sectoral and media strands under creative europe should be reinforced; ### 5. emphasises the urgent need for more funding to fight disinformation; insists , in this regard , that the budget for the cross-sectoral and media strands under creative europe should be reinforced , and that there is a need to explore possibilities to establish a permanent union news media fund to empower independent news coverage , safeguard the independence of european journalists and journalism , and guarantee the freedom of the press;


### 5. calls to create a new budget line within the daphne strand intended to earmark funding to support projects that contribute to the specific objective to prevent and combat all forms of gbv in line with article 7(6) of regulation (eu) 2021/692; ### deleted


### 5. calls for additional funding to address both the fragility of supply chains and agri-food systems and the eroded macro-economic stability of many countries; notes that russia’s unjustifiable , unprovoked and illegal war of aggression against ukraine has further stressed the global system already impacted by the covid-19 crisis; ### 5. calls for additional funding to address both the fragility of supply chains and agri-food systems and the eroded macro-economic stability of many countries; notes that russia’s unjustifiable , unprovoked and illegal war of aggression against ukraine has further stressed the global system already impacted by the covid-19 crisis; calls in this regard on the european commission to address food insecurity in certain countries in the southern neighbourhood and africa and devise a robust policy and assistance response for this purpose without further delay; supporting sustainable local agricultural systems , less input-intensive and more climate relevant agricultural practices notably based on the food and resilience facility , as well as support efforts to roll out universal social protection;


### 5. points out the need to finance climate change adaptation and mitigation measures in partner countries through the “planet” thematic programme , which should receive adequate funding; ### 5. points out the need to finance climate change adaptation and mitigation measures as well as actions for the protection of biodiversity , with a focus on supporting locally led actions in partner countries through the “planet” thematic programme , which should receive adequate funding; underlines that more investments in climate adaptation will help better prevent impacts of climate change and more expenditures in addressing those impacts; calls for an increase in appropriations for the protection of biodiversity under ndici-ge given the fact that reaching the 2026 and 2027 mff biodiversity targets remains insufficient; stresses that new investment tools to support resource mobilisation can be used to this end (e.g biodiversity-relevant taxes , fees and charges); calls on scaling up investments to better track , reform and phase-out subsidies harmful for biodiversity and channelling them towards biodiversity friendly activities , in line with agenda2030 ;


### 6. recalls that member states with a level of child poverty above the union average should use at least 5 % of their esf+ resources to address that issue , whereas all other member states must allocate an appropriate amount of their esf+ resources to targeted actions to combat child poverty and support the implementation of the child guarantee; ### 6. recalls that member states with a level of child poverty above the union average should use at least 5 % of their esf+ resources to address this issue , whereas all other member states must allocate an appropriate amount of their esf+ resources to targeted actions to combat child poverty and support the implementation of the child guarantee; calls on the member states to ensure a specific amount of resources under the child guarantee to be dedicated for children fleeing from ukraine.


### 6. considers that the union budget , on account of its size , structure and rules , has a very limited capacity to respond appropriately in 2023 to the challenges facing the union or to adequately finance new shared union policy ambitions or initiatives announced in the commission’s president’s 2022 state of the union address; recalls in particular that the heads of state or government have described the russian war of aggression against ukraine as a ‘tectonic shift in european history’ and that the commission has stated that the ‘unforeseen needs created by war in europe are well beyond the means available in the current multiannual financial framework’ , necessitating new financing sources; is of the view that this is a further demonstration of the urgent need to revise the mff , including to make it more flexible , raise the ceilings where necessary to reflect emerging needs and new priorities and to address the problems generated by including the european union recovery instrument (euri) financing costs in heading 2b; ### 6. considers that the union budget , on account of its size , structure and rules , has a very limited capacity to respond appropriately in 2023 to the challenges facing the union or to adequately finance new shared union policy ambitions or initiatives announced in the commission’s president’s 2022 state of the union address; recalls in particular that the heads of state or government have described the russian war of aggression against ukraine as a ‘tectonic shift in european history’ and that the commission has stated that the ‘unforeseen needs created by war in europe are well beyond the means available in the current multiannual financial framework’ , necessitating new financing sources; is of the view that this is a further demonstration of the urgent need to revise the mff , including to make it more flexible , raise the ceilings where necessary to reflect emerging needs and new priorities and to address the problems generated by including the european union recovery instrument (euri) financing costs in heading 2b and reiterates its position , as defended in the 2021-2027 mff negotiations , that the ngeu interest costs and repayments should be counted over and above the mff ceilings;


### 6. insists that the new european bauhaus initiative should not be funded at the expense of the creative europe programme; in this regard , recalls the parliament position for an indispensable and swift mid-term revision of the multiannual financial framework to respond to the long-term consequences of the current crisis , to additionally explore the possibilities to establish a long-term dedicated funding for the new european bauhaus initiative and for the european education area , as well as a permanent union news media fund to empower independent news coverage , safeguard the independence of european journalists and journalism , and guarantee the freedom of the press; ### 6. insists that the new european bauhaus initiative should not be funded at the expense of the creative europe programme; in this regard , recalls the parliament position for an indispensable and swift mid-term revision of the multiannual financial framework to respond to the long-term consequences of the current crisis , to additionally explore the possibilities to establish a long-term dedicated funding for the new european bauhaus initiative and for the european education area;


### 6. stresses the crucial work of eige , which has been reflected in an increase of tasks allocated; therefore requests the allocation for 8 contract agents to enable eige to effectively fulfil its mandate; ### deleted


### 6. is alarmed that there is no margin under heading 6 in draft budget 2023 , which underscores that the multiannual financial framework does not provide sufficient means for union’s external action and needs to be revised. ### 6. is alarmed that there is no margin under heading 6 in draft budget 2023 , which underscores that the multiannual financial framework does not provide sufficient means for union’s external action and needs to be revised; calls on the commission to conduct an in-depth review of the functioning of the current mff and proceed with a legislative proposal for a comprehensive revision of the mff as soon as possible and not later than the first quarter of 2023 that substantially increases the resources for heading 6; urges the member states to agree to a significant increase in ceilings; calls on the commission to create an effective crisis response mechanism to tackle the new without jeopardizing priorities established under co-decision in the relevant programs , in particular as regards climate and development aid;


### 7. recalls the importance of egf for its one-off assistance to dismissed workers so that they can find another job as rapidly as possible in major restructuring events , in particular those caused by important changes in trade relations of the union or the composition of the internal market , the transition to a low-carbon economy or as a consequence of digitisation or automation; takes note that the level of egf commitment appropriations in reserve for 2023 is set at eur 205 ,3 million (approximately +1 % compared to 2022 and corresponding to the maximum mff amount); ### 7. recalls the importance of egf for its one-off assistance to dismissed workers or the self-employed to help them find new jobs after being displaced due to in major restructuring events , in particular those caused by important changes in trade relations of the union or the composition of the internal market , the transition to a low-carbon economy or as a consequence of digitisation or automation; takes note that the level of egf commitment appropriations in reserve for 2023 is set at eur 205 ,3 million (approximately +1% compared to 2022 and corresponding to the maximum mff amount); stresses that , even if egf does not co-finance social protection measures such as pensions or unemployment benefits , all offers must ensure decent working conditions and social security coverage for the workers.


### 7. stresses the need to respond to the consequences of russia’s war of aggression against ukraine and the covid-19 pandemic at union level; recalls that cohesion and agriculture policy cannot be the main source of the financing of urgent priorities , jeopardising the implementation of long-term objectives; calls , on the commission , in light of limited resources from the union budget to respond to high energy prices , to analyse potential flexibilities in order in order to support smes and vulnerable households; ### 7. stresses the need to respond to the consequences of russia’s war of aggression against ukraine and the covid-19 pandemic at union level; highlights that accelerating the implementation of the european green deal will reduce both the union dependency from third countries as well as allowing us to achieve our climate and energy targets; recalls that cohesion and agriculture policy cannot be the main source of the financing of urgent priorities , jeopardising the implementation of long-term objectives; calls , on the commission , in light of limited resources from the union budget to respond to high energy prices , to analyse potential for finding additional resources in order to support vulnerable households and smes including by strengthening their energy efficiency and energy independence;


### 7. calls on the commission and the council to increase budget allocations to civil society organisations that promote women’s rights , including those working on promotion of sexual and reproductive health rights (srhr) and lgbti+ rights in the context of the backlash against women’s rights , especially in terms of srhr. ### 7. calls on the commission and the council to increase budget allocations to civil society organisations that promote women’s rights ,including those working on promotion of srhr and lgbti+ rights in the context of the backlash against women’s rights , especially in terms of srhr;


### 7. reminds the importance of taking due account of the lessons learned from the covid-19 pandemic regarding public health and affordable and accessible care services; in this regard calls for increasing the level of support to the european health union in addition to the eu4health programme in the 2023 union budget; calls for a specific action on mental health within the framework of the eu4health programme in order to tackle the mental health problems of the population and particularly those derived from the covid-19 pandemic; stresses that sufficient resources should be allocated for increasing investments in research and development in the area of health; ### 7. reminds the importance of taking due account of the lessons learned from the covid-19 pandemic regarding public health and affordable and accessible care services; in this regard calls for increasing the level of support to the european health union in addition to the eu4health programme in the 2023 union budget , particularly for enlarged mandates of the european medicines agency (ema) , the european center for disease prevention and control (ecdc) and establishment of the european health emergency prevention and response authority (dg hera); stresses that core funding for operations of eu agencies and bodies shall not depend on short-term financial programmes , such as the eu4health , and shall not by default reduce financing of other activities in the area of health; notes with concern the significant decrease in eu4health budget compared to the previous year and stresses the need to increase the amount to appropriately fund foreseen activities; calls for a specific action on mental health within the framework of the eu4health programme in order to tackle the mental health problems of the population and particularly those derived from the covid-19 pandemic; stresses that sufficient resources should be allocated for increasing investments in research and development in the area of health;


### 8. underlines the significant contribution of heading 1 to addressing the consequences of the war in ukraine , inter alia to reduce union dependence on fossil fuels , including from russia , by supporting research and investment in sustainable energy and transport sectors; reiterates the potential of the programmes of this heading in anchoring ukraine in the single market , infrastructure network and research area; ### 8. underlines the significant contribution of heading 1 to addressing the consequences of the war in ukraine as well as to reaching the european union climate and energy targets , inter alia to reduce union dependence on fossil fuels , including from russia , by supporting research and investment in sustainable energy and transport sectors; reiterates the potential of the programmes of this heading in anchoring ukraine in the single market , infrastructure network and research area;


### 8. recalls that in order to properly comply with their tasks the union agencies under the remit of the committee on the environment , public health and food safety (eea2 , echa3 , ema4 , ecdc5 and efsa6 ) must be adequately funded and staffed; deplores the budgetary reduction for ecdc and ema; stresses that the deterioration of the staff levels of the agencies could jeopardise , among others , the achievement of the european green deal or the successful management of public health risks; ### 8. recalls that in order to properly comply with their tasks the union agencies under the remit of the committee on the environment , public health and food safety (eea2 , echa3 , ema4 , ecdc5 and efsa6 ) must be adequately funded and staffed; deplores the budgetary reduction for ecdc and ema; notes that eea's recently acquired new tasks have been covered with operational staff , but that the ratio of support staff has decreased significantly , requiring additional resources in order to ensure that the agency can fulfil its tasks , including in relation to the european environment information and observation network (eionet); stresses that the deterioration of the staff levels of the agencies could jeopardise , among others , the achievement of the european green deal or the successful management of public health risks;


### 9. recalls that the fund for european aid to the most deprived (fead) has been integrated into esf+ and that , in 2023 , at least 3 % of the esf+ budget shall be spent on food aid and basic material assistance for the most deprived persons; welcomes the commission assessment that esf+ should also contribute to the eradication of poverty by supporting relevant national schemes and that a minimum of 4 % of its resources under shared management shall support the most deprived persons , including refugees; ### 9. recalls that the porto declaration of 7 of may 2021 set the target to reduce the number of people at risk of poverty or social exclusion by at least 15 million by 2030; welcomes that the fund for european aid to the most deprived (fead) was integrated in esf+ and that , in 2023 , at least 3 % of the esf+ budget shall be spent on food aid and basic material assistance for the most deprived persons; welcomes the commission assessment that the esf+ should also contribute to the eradication of poverty by supporting relevant national schemes and that a minimum of 4 % of its resources under shared management shall support the most deprived persons , including refugees;


### 9. draws attention to the potential of european aquaculture , including in terms of food security and health benefits in the context of the ukraine crisis; calls on the commission to foster the sustainable growth of this sector above the actual 2% of global aquaculture production with specific , acceptable and shared targets for 2030; ### 9. draws attention to the potential of sustainable european aquaculture , including in terms of food security and health benefits in the context of the ukraine crisis; calls on the commission to foster the sustainable development of this sector above the actual 2% of global aquaculture production with specific , acceptable and shared targets for 2030;


### 9. draws attention to the potential of european aquaculture , including in terms of food security and health benefits in the context of the ukraine crisis; calls on the commission to foster the sustainable growth of this sector above the actual 2% of global aquaculture production with specific , acceptable and shared targets for 2030; ### 9. draws attention to the potential of sustainable european aquaculture , including in terms of food security and health benefits in the context of the ukraine crisis; calls on the commission to foster the sustainable growth of this sector above the actual 2% of global aquaculture production with specific , acceptable and shared targets for 2030;


### 9. stresses the importance of a system of own resources capable to contribute to the union’s goals on the climate , the environment and health. ### 9. reaffirms its full commitment to a system of own resources capable to contribute to the union’s goals on the climate , the environment and health.


### — having regard to the interinstitutional agreement of 16 december 2020 between the european parliament , the council and the commission on budgetary discipline , on cooperation in budgetary matters and on sound financial management , as well as on new own resources , including a roadmap towards the introduction of new own resources5 , ### — having regard to the interinstitutional agreement of 16 december 2020 between the european parliament , the council and the commission on budgetary discipline , on cooperation in budgetary matters and on sound financial management , including the climate , biodiversity and gender-related provisions , as well as on new own resources , including a roadmap towards the introduction of new own resources5 ,


### 10. insists on the necessity to improve scientific and technical knowledge to ensure the most reliable research-based solutions; reiterates the importance of ensuring sufficient financial resources for the collection , management , use and exchange of data in the fisheries sector; ### 10. insists on the necessity to improve scientific and technical knowledge to ensure the most reliable research-based solutions; reiterates the importance of ensuring sufficient financial resources for the collection , management , analysis , use and exchange of data in the fisheries sector by member states' and european scientific entities;


### 11. recalls that the connecting europe facility (cef) is key to spurring investment in the development of high performance and sustainable trans-european networks; stresses that cef plays a crucial role in decarbonising the union economy by supporting alternative fuel infrastructure and renewable energy , thereby accelerating the green transition and increasing the union’s energy independence , and promotes interconnectivity across the union territory , including with the iberian peninsula; underlines that russia's unprecedented and unprovoked military attack against ukraine calls for urgent support to transport infrastructure in and towards ukraine (“solidarity lanes”) , to enable the transport of critical goods in both directions; proposes , therefore , to increase the funding of the transport and energy strands of cef by a total amount of eur 90 million in commitment appropriations above the level of the db; ### 11. recalls that the connecting europe facility (cef) is key to spurring investment in the development of high performance and sustainable trans-european networks; stresses that cef plays a crucial role in decarbonising the union economy by supporting renewable energy , thereby accelerating the green transition and increasing the union’s energy independence from fossil fuels , and promotes interconnectivity across the union territory , including with the iberian peninsula; demands that all energy and infrastructure investments be in line with the energy efficiency first principle and resilient to adverse climate change impacts and as well as the objective of limiting global warming to under 1.5°c; calls for the integration of ghg emissions in the mandatory cost-benefit analysis over the lifecycle of the project against the most likely baseline and the explicit consideration of related additional investments and lock-in effects to avoid stranded assets; underlines that russia's unprecedented and unprovoked military attack against ukraine calls for urgent support to transport infrastructure in and towards ukraine (“solidarity lanes”) , to enable the transport of critical goods in both directions; proposes , therefore , to increase the funding of the transport and energy strands of cef by a total amount of eur 90 million in commitment appropriations above the level of the db;


### 13. stresses the importance of control in securing the objectives of the cfp;s in this regard , the increase in funding (0 ,8%) allocated to the european fisheries control agency (efca) is not even enough to match the inflation rate of the eu; hence considers that the increase is largely insufficient to ensure a level playing field and a credible combat against iuu fishing; underlines efca’s role ensuring a level playing field for the eu fleet , especially in discouraging and repressing iuu fishing in european waters but also at a global level , requires a more ambitious funding in the long term , if the objectives of the cfp are to be achieved; ### 13. stresses the importance of control in securing the objectives of the cfp;s in this regard , the increase in funding (0 ,8%) allocated to the european fisheries control agency (efca) is not even enough to match the inflation rate of the eu; hence considers that the increase is largely insufficient to ensure a level playing field , monitoring and control , and a credible combat against iuu fishing; underlines efca’s role ensuring a level playing field for and within the eu fleet , especially in discouraging and repressing iuu fishing in european waters but also at a global level , requires a more ambitious funding in the long term , if the objectives of the cfp are to be achieved;


### 15. underlines the pivotal role of cohesion policy as an essential union investment policy and convergence instrument; anticipates that , after a delayed start to the programming process in the first two years of the 2021-2027 mff , implementation will gather pace in 2022; calls on the member states to accelerate the process of programming in order to allow 2023 to be the start of the implementation of the cohesion funds , that will help boost our economy; help the public and private sectors , smes , and citizens during these difficult times; ### 15. underlines the pivotal role of cohesion policy as an essential union investment policy and convergence instrument; anticipates that , after a delayed start to the programming process in the first two years of the 2021-2027 mff , implementation will gather pace in 2022; calls on the member states to accelerate the process of programming in order to allow 2023 to be the start of the implementation of the cohesion funds , that will help to address regional and social inequalities , boost our economy; help the public and private sectors , smes , and citizens during these difficult times;


### 17. reiterates that , despite parliament’s demands to place the euri over and above the ceilings , the refinancing costs are paid from within heading 2b; notes that , in a context of rising interest rates , the line dedicated to the euri financing costs is likely to be needed in full and needs may well exceed the budgeted amount; deplores the fact that this has a de facto impact on programmes under the same heading by constraining the commission’s ability to propose above-financial programming reinforcements where they are needed; notes that euri financing costs should not be taken from special instruments , which are intended to tackle unforeseen challenges , such as the consequences of the war in ukraine and the energy crisis; ### 17. reiterates that , despite parliament’s demands to place the euri over and above the ceilings , the refinancing costs are paid from within heading 2b; notes that , in a context of rising interest rates , the line dedicated to the euri financing costs is likely to be needed in full and needs may well exceed the budgeted amount and the margin available in the heading; deplores the fact that this has a de facto impact on programmes under the same heading by constraining the commission’s ability to propose above-financial programming reinforcements where they are needed; notes that euri financing costs should not be taken from special instruments , which are intended to tackle unforeseen challenges , such as the consequences of the war in ukraine and the energy crisis; calls for the mff revision to move euri financing costs above the ceilings;


### 21. stresses that the covid-19 pandemic is not yet over and emphasises the need to maintain support for health systems to improve their resilience and bolster preparedness through the eu4health programme; underlines , further , the key role that the programme plays in supporting the beating cancer plan , the pharmaceutical strategy for europe and the newly created health and emergency preparedness and response authority; reverses , therefore , the disproportionate and unjustified cut proposed by council and reinforces the programme by eur 25 million above the db; ### 21. stresses that the covid-19 pandemic is not yet over and emphasises the need to maintain support for health systems to improve their resilience and bolster preparedness through the eu4health programme; underlines , further , the key role that the programme plays in supporting the beating cancer plan , the pharmaceutical strategy for europe and the newly created health and emergency preparedness and response authority; reiterates the need to reinforce budgetary allocations under the eu4health programme to support actions ensuring the gender aspect of health , including sexual and reproductive health , an integral part of health care that must be placed at the heart of health policy to ensure universal access , as well as quality of services , especially considering the backlash against women’s rights and access to safe and legal abortion in several member states , as well as the types of care and medicine that are essential to voluntary family planning and maternal and newborn health , and for research and treatment of gender-specific conditions such as fibroids , premenstrual syndrome and endometriosis with an intersectional perspective , in particular regarding diagnosis and treatment of black and minority ethnic women; reverses , therefore , the disproportionate and unjustified cut proposed by council and reinforces the programme by eur 25 million above the db;


### 22. highlights the increasingly numerous and severe natural disasters in europe , as evidenced most recently by the record wild fires in the summer of 2022; regrets that , owing to climate change , such emergencies are likely to intensify and multiply; decides , therefore and in line with the commission president’s pledge in her 2022 state of the union address , to reinforce the union civil protection mechanism by eur 20 million to enhance the union’s response capacity; ### 22. highlights the increasingly numerous and severe natural disasters in europe , as evidenced most recently by the record wild fires in the summer of 2022; regrets that , owing to climate change , such extreme weather events resulting often in emergencies are going to intensify and multiply; stresses the importance to increase resources the union civil protection mechanism to enhance the protection of eu citizens and underlines the need to invest in climate mitigation and adaptation for particularly vulnerable regions; decides , therefore and in line with the commission president’s pledge in her 2022 state of the union address , to reinforce the union civil protection mechanism by eur 20 million to enhance the union’s response capacity;


### 24. stresses the crucial role of the citizens , equality , rights and values programme in strengthening european citizenship and democracy , equality and gender equality and the rule of law in the union , and in supporting victims of gender-based violence; reverses , therefore , the council’s cuts to the programme; decides , further , to increase the daphne strand by eur 2 million above the db to tackle gender-based violence , which has worsened since the pandemic , and the ‘citizens’ engagement and participation’ strand by eur 1.5 million above the db , in particular to ensure proper follow-up to the conference on the future of europe; ### 24. stresses the crucial role of the citizens , equality , rights and values programme in strengthening european citizenship and democracy , equality and gender equality and the rule of law in the union , and in supporting victims of gender-based violence; reverses , therefore , the council’s cuts to the programme; decides , further , to increase the daphne strand by eur 2 million above the db to tackle gender-based violence , especially with regards to the measurable increase in cases of violence against women since the outbreak of the covid-19 pandemic , and the ‘citizens’ engagement and participation’ strand by eur 1.5 million above the db , in particular to ensure proper follow-up to the conference on the future of europe;


### 28. reiterates the importance of the life programme in supporting climate action and environmental protection; calls for the level of budgetary support for life to be increased across the various programme strands; highlights that any annual reinforcement for the life programme will imply progress towards the mainstreaming targets and ambitions in the areas of climate and biodiversity; considers the present circumstances to justify a particular emphasis on the article covering the clean energy transition; ### 28. reiterates the importance of the life programme in supporting climate action and environmental protection and its key role in designing exemplary intervention and catalysing measures towards climate mitigation and climate adaptation as well as towards halting biodiversity loss; calls for the level of budgetary support for life to be increased across the various programme strands; highlights that any annual reinforcement for the life programme will imply progress towards the mainstreaming targets and ambitions in the areas of climate and biodiversity; considers the present circumstances to justify a particular emphasis on the article covering the clean energy transition;


### 34. recalls that , in 2022 , it was also necessary to provide top-up funding to the border management and visa instrument (bmvi) to enable additional support to be provided to frontline member states in the context of the war; regrets , further , that the commission has repeatedly proposed to erode the agreed financial envelope for the bmvi so as to find resources for justice and home affairs agencies with expanded mandates , including europol in the db; decides , on the basis of the above considerations , to increase the bmvi by eur 25 million above the db in 2023; ### 34. recalls that , in 2022 , it was also necessary to provide top-up funding to the border management and visa instrument (bmvi) to enable additional support to be provided to frontline member states in the context of the war; notes that the commission has repeatedly proposed to erode the agreed financial envelope for the bmvi so as to find resources for justice and home affairs agencies with expanded mandates , including europol in the db;


### 36. highlights the need for a further increase in commitment appropriations and staff for eu-lisa in line with the agency’s identified needs , thus enabling it to continue implementing a number of critical union projects for internal security and border management in 2023; ### 36. highlights the need for a further increase in commitment appropriations and staff for eu-lisa in line with the agency’s identified tasks in accordance with its mandate;


### 39. underlines the importance of enhancing european cooperation in defence matters taking into account the russian war of aggression in ukraine and the highly unstable international environment; considers that such cooperation not only makes europe and its citizens safer but also leads to greater efficiency and potential savings; calls in that connection for increased funding for the capability development strand of the european defence fund in order to foster an innovative and competitive defence industrial base that will contribute to the strategic autonomy of the union; ### 39. underlines the importance of enhancing european cooperation in defence matters taking into account the russian war of aggression in ukraine and the highly unstable international environment; considers that such cooperation not only makes europe and its citizens safer but also leads to greater efficiency and potential savings; deplores the historic lows in collaborative defence investment which are 11% (2020) and 8% (2021) , and which are far away from the 35% objective the member states agreed to; calls in that connection for a new approach that would pool parts of national defence budgets at eu level and would guarantee increased funding for capability development and foster an innovative and competitive defence industrial base that will contribute to the strategic autonomy of the union;


### 40. proposes also to increase funding for military mobility with the aim of helping member states act faster and more effectively; notes that sufficient funding is needed to support missions and operations under the common security and defence policy , including by measures such as funding dual-use transport infrastructure and simplifying diplomatic clearances and customs rules; notes that military mobility could also be boosted by the urgent accession to the schengen area of romania , bulgaria and croatia; recalls that the failure to resolve that matter has a detrimental economic and geostrategic impact; ### 40. proposes also to assess the efficiency of eu budget funding for military mobility with the aim of helping member states act faster and more effectively; notes that sufficient funding is needed to support missions and operations under the common security and defence policy , including by measures such as funding dual-use transport infrastructure and simplifying diplomatic clearances and customs rules;


### 42. notes with deep concern that the russian aggression against ukraine and its worldwide effects have dramatically increased humanitarian assistance needs , which were already under pressure because of funding gaps and the multiplication of crises in the world; asks to significantly increase humanitarian aid to address the unprecedented gap between needs and available resources; deplores the fact that heading 6 has no margin and is therefore not fit for the current situation; regrets that the db is not able to at least sustain the current level of response while humanitarian needs and emergencies are steeply increasing around the globe , notably worsening food insecurity on account of the impact of the russian war of aggression against ukraine , increasingly severe climate-induced disasters and newly emerging conflicts; recalls that , even with the increases proposed by parliament , there would be insufficient resources to address the humanitarian aid needs in 2023; ### 42. notes with deep concern that the russian aggression against ukraine and its worldwide effects have dramatically increased humanitarian assistance needs , which were already under pressure because of funding gaps and the multiplication of crises in the world; asks to significantly increase humanitarian aid to address the unprecedented gap between needs and available resources; deplores the fact that heading 6 has no margin and is therefore not fit for the current situation or for tackling possible new emergencies ; regrets that the db is not able to at least sustain the current level of response while humanitarian needs and emergencies are steeply increasing around the globe , notably worsening food insecurity on account of the impact of the russian war of aggression against ukraine , intensifying impacts of climate change and increasingly severe climate-induced disasters and newly emerging conflicts; is deeply concerned that , even with the increases proposed by parliament , there would be insufficient resources to address the humanitarian aid needs in 2023;


### 43. calls for continued and substantial support for the eastern neighbourhood , especially for countries helping refugees that are fleeing ukraine and facing inflation and high energy prices; considers it necessary to support political , economic and social reforms and civil society actors , in particular human rights and democracy activists , civil society organisations defending women’s rights and the rights of the lgbtiq+ community or providing assistance to persecuted persons and political prisoners , together with ukrainian and moldovan organisations which have been forced to restructure their activities as a result of russia’s war of aggression , organisations contributing to the fight against corruption , and independent media which help expose disinformation and propaganda; ### 43. calls for continued and substantial support for the eastern neighbourhood , especially for countries helping refugees that are fleeing ukraine and facing inflation and high energy and food prices; considers it necessary to support political , economic and social reforms and civil society actors , in particular human rights and democracy activists , civil society organisations defending women’s rights and the rights of the lgbtiq+ community or providing assistance to persecuted persons and political prisoners , together with ukrainian and moldovan organisations which have been forced to restructure their activities as a result of russia’s war of aggression , organisations contributing to the fight against corruption , and independent media which help expose disinformation and propaganda;


### takes note of the bureau decision on 2 may 2022 on short-term measures aiming at lowering parliaments' energy consumption; calls on parliament to take all the necessary steps to decrease medium and long-term energy consumption in order to reduce the energy bills in the upcoming revision of the current approach on energy saving activities; welcomes and encourages the investments in renewable energy and for phasing-out of fossil fuels given the energy crisis and geopolitical context; ### takes note of the bureau decision on 2 may 2022 on short-term measures aiming at lowering parliaments' energy consumption; welcomes a revision of the current approach on energy saving activities , emphasizes in this regard the need to immediately halt upgrading of fossil fuel heating installations and for a roadmap to phase out fossil fuels with specific milestones and replace them by heath pumps; notes with concern that the emas target linked to the share of on sight energy production renewable energy sources is unlikely to be attained and even decreased in the last 2 years; calls therefore to urgently upscale on sight energy production , in particular by installing of state of the art rooftop photovoltaics for the maximum potential in brussels and strasbourg as soon as possible , and in particular calls for a new audit for strasbourg to be carried out; welcomes the use of building passports and calls for investment decisions to integrate , beyond the changed outlook in terms of energy prices , the need for parliament to be a role model , in particular in the most visible buildings; welcomes the building energy management system established in emas and calls for the audit to be part of the draft estimates presented by the services each year; welcomes the preliminary steps taken towards formulating a carbon neutrality target , in line with commitments taken by the european commission for example and reiterates its call for the introduction of internal carbon pricing as a first step in the current emas period;


### proposal for a ### proposal for a


### having regard to the treaty on the functioning of the european union , and in particular article 100(2) thereof , ### having regard to the treaty on the functioning of the european union , and in particular article 192(1) thereof ,


### (1) maritime transport accounts for around 75% of eu external trade and 31% of eu internal trade in terms of volume. at the same time , ship traffic to or from ports in the european economic area accounts for some 11% of all eu co2 emissions from transport and 3-4% of total eu co2 emissions. 400 million passengers embark or disembark annually in ports of member states , including around 14 million on cruise ships. maritime transport is therefore an essential component of europe’s transport system and plays a critical role for the european economy. the maritime transport market is subject to strong competition between economic actors in the union and beyond for which a level playing field is indispensable. the stability and prosperity of the maritime transport market and its economic actors rely on a clear and harmonised policy framework where maritime transport operators , ports and other actors in the sector can operate on the basis of equal opportunities. where market distortions occur , they risk putting ship operators or ports at a disadvantage compared to competitors within the maritime transport sector or in other transport sectors. in turn , this can result in a loss of competitiveness of the maritime transport industry , and a loss of connectivity for citizens and businesses ### (1) maritime transport accounts for around 75% of eu external trade and 31% of eu internal trade in terms of volume. at the same time , ship traffic to or from ports in the european economic area accounts for some 11% of all eu co2 emissions from transport and 3-4% of total eu co2 emissions. co2 emissions from maritime transport both at global and european level are expected to increase , unless further action is taken , respectively by 90 % to 130 % of 2008 emissions by 2050 and by 86 % compared with 1990 levels by 20501a. if current trends are continued , combined international emissions from shipping and aviation will likely consume between 60 and 220 % of allowable co2 emissions by 2050 under the 1.5°c scenario1b. 400 million passengers embark or disembark annually in ports of member states , including around 14 million on cruise ships. maritime transport is therefore an essential component of europe’s transport system and plays a critical role for the european economy , yet its environmental and climate impacts need to be tackled swiftly. all sectors of the economy must contribute to the swift reduction of ghg emissions towards net-zero ghg emissions by 2050 at the latest as enshrined in regulation (eu) 2021/1119 of the european parliament and of the council. it is therefore essential for the union to set an ambitious pathway for the swift ecological transition of the maritime sector , which would also contribute to maintaining and further promoting its global leadership and competitive advantage in the green technologies , services and solutions in the sector as well as contributing to the health of citizens and decreasing the stress on marine ecosystems by reducing noise and pollution of air and water framework for achieving climate neutrality and amending regulations (ec)no 401/2009 and (eu)2018/1999 (‘european climate law’) (oj l 243 , 9.7.2021 , p.1).


### (1) maritime transport accounts for around 75% of eu external trade and 31% of eu internal trade in terms of volume. at the same time , ship traffic to or from ports in the european economic area accounts for some 11% of all eu co2 emissions from transport and 3-4% of total eu co2 emissions. 400 million passengers embark or disembark annually in ports of member states , including around 14 million on cruise ships. maritime transport is therefore an essential component of europe’s transport system and plays a critical role for the european economy. the maritime transport market is subject to strong competition between economic actors in the union and beyond for which a level playing field is indispensable. the stability and prosperity of the maritime transport market and its economic actors rely on a clear and harmonised policy framework where maritime transport operators , ports and other actors in the sector can operate on the basis of equal opportunities. where market distortions occur , they risk putting ship operators or ports at a disadvantage compared to competitors within the maritime transport sector or in other transport sectors. in turn , this can result in a loss of competitiveness of the maritime transport industry , and a loss of connectivity for citizens and businesses ### (1) maritime transport accounts for around 75% of eu external trade and 31% of eu internal trade in terms of volume. at the same time , ship traffic to or from ports in the european economic area accounts for some 11% of all eu co2 emissions from transport and 3-4% of total eu co2 emissions. co2 emissions from maritime transport both at global and european level are expected to increase , unless further action is taken respectively by 90 % to 130 % of 2008 emissions by 2050 and by 86 % compared with 1990 levels by 20501a. 400 million passengers embark or disembark annually in ports of member states , including around 14 million on cruise ships. maritime transport is therefore an essential component of europe’s transport system and plays a critical role for the european economy , yet its environmental and climate impact needs to be tackled swiftly. all sectors of the economy must contribute to the swift reduction of ghg emissions towards net-zero ghg emissions by 2050 at the latest as enshrined in regulation (eu) 2021/1119 of the european parliament and of the council. it is therefore essential for the union to set an ambitious pathway for the swift ecological transition of the maritime sector , which would also contribute to maintaining and further promoting its global leadership and competitive advantage in the green technologies , services and solutions in the sector as well as contributing to the health of citizens and decreasing the stress on marine ecosystems by reducing noise and pollution of air and water framework for achieving climate neutrality and amending regulations (ec) no 401/2009 and (eu)2018/1999 (‘european climate law’)2a.


### (2) to enhance the union’s climate commitment under the paris agreement and set out the steps to be taken to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 , and to translate the political commitment into a legal obligation , the commission adopted the (amended) proposal for a regulation of the european parliament and of the council on establishing the framework for achieving climate neutrality and amending regulation (eu) 2018/1999 (european climate law)19 as well as the communication ‘stepping up europe’s 2030 climate ambition’20 . this also integrates the target of reducing greenhouse gas (ghg) emissions by at least 55% compared to 1990 levels by 2030. accordingly , various complementary policy instruments are needed to motivate the use of sustainably produced renewable and low-carbon fuels , included in the maritime transport sector. the necessary technology development and deployment has to happen by 2030 to prepare for much more rapid change thereafter. ### (2) to enhance the union’s climate commitment under the paris agreement and set out the steps to be taken to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 , and to translate the political commitment into a legal obligation , the commission adopted the (amended) proposal for a regulation of the european parliament and of the council on establishing the framework for achieving climate neutrality and amending regulation (eu) 2018/1999 (european climate law)19 as well as the communication ‘stepping up europe’s 2030 climate ambition’20. to ensure the maritime sector achieves zero-emission by 2040 , various complementary policy instruments are needed to simultaneously improve the energy and operational efficiency of the sector and then to promote the swift uptake of sustainable renewable energy. the necessary changes , technology development and deployment has to happen as soon as possible to ensure the union is on track to reach its 2030 climate and energy target as well as climate neutrality by 2040 at the latest.


### (2) to enhance the union’s climate commitment under the paris agreement and set out the steps to be taken to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 , and to translate the political commitment into a legal obligation , the commission adopted the (amended) proposal for a regulation of the european parliament and of the council on establishing the framework for achieving climate neutrality and amending regulation (eu) 2018/1999 (european climate law)19 as well as the communication ‘stepping up europe’s 2030 climate ambition’20 . this also integrates the target of reducing greenhouse gas (ghg) emissions by at least 55% compared to 1990 levels by 2030. accordingly , various complementary policy instruments are needed to motivate the use of sustainably produced renewable and low-carbon fuels , included in the maritime transport sector. the necessary technology development and deployment has to happen by 2030 to prepare for much more rapid change thereafter. ### (2) to enhance the union’s climate commitment under the paris agreement and set out the steps to be taken to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 , and to translate the political commitment into a legal obligation , the commission adopted the (amended) proposal for a regulation of the european parliament and of the council on establishing the framework for achieving climate neutrality and amending regulation (eu) 2018/1999 (european climate law)19 as well as the communication ‘stepping up europe’s 2030 climate ambition’20. to ensure the maritime sector achieves zero-emission by 2040 , various complementary policy instruments are needed to first improve the energy and operational efficiency of the sector and then to promote the swift uptake of sustainable renewable energy. the necessary changes , technology development and deployment has to happen as soon as possible to ensure the union is on track to reach its 2030 climate and energy target as well as climate neutrality by 2040 at the latest.


### proposal for a regulation of the european parliament and of the council on the use of renewable and low-carbon fuels in maritime transport and amending directive 2009/16/ec (text with eea relevance) ### proposal for a regulation of the european parliament and of the council on energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy sources in maritime transport and amending directive 2009/16/ec (text with eea relevance)


### (3) in the context of fuel transition to renewable and low carbon fuels and substitute sources of energy , it is essential to ensure the proper functioning of and fair competition in the eu maritime transport market regarding marine fuels , which account for a substantial share of ship operators’ costs. differences in fuel requirements across member states of the union can significantly affect ship operators’ economic performance and negatively impact competition in the market. due to the international nature of shipping , ship operators may easily bunker in third countries and carry large amounts of fuel. this may lead to carbon leakage and detrimental effects on the competitiveness of the sector if the availability of renewable and low carbon fuels in maritime ports under the jurisdiction of a member state is not accompanied by requirements for their use that apply to all ship operators arriving at and departing from ports under the jurisdiction of member states. this regulation should lay down measures to ensure that the penetration of renewable low-carbon fuels in the marine fuels market takes place under the conditions of fair competition on the eu maritime transport market. ### (3) in the context of fuel transition to sustainable renewable fuels and substitute sources of energy , it is essential to ensure the proper functioning of and fair competition in the eu maritime transport market regarding marine fuels , which account for a substantial share of ship operators’ costs. to avoid differences in fuel requirements across member states of the union , the availability of renewable fuels in maritime ports under the jurisdiction of a member state is accompanied by requirements for their use that apply to all ship operators arriving at and departing from ports under the jurisdiction of member states. this regulation should lay down measures to ensure that the penetration of renewable fuels in the marine fuels market takes place under the conditions of fair competition on the eu maritime transport market.


### (4) in order to produce an effect on all the activities of the maritime transport sector , it is appropriate that this regulation covers a share of the voyages between a port under the jurisdiction of a member state and port under the jurisdiction of a third country. this regulation should thus apply to half of the energy used by a ship performing voyages arriving at a port under the jurisdiction of a member state from a port outside the jurisdiction of a member state , half of the of the energy used by a ship performing voyages departing from a port under the jurisdiction of a member state and arriving at a port outside the jurisdiction of a member state , the entirety of the energy used by a ship performing voyages arriving at a port under the jurisdiction of a member state from a port under the jurisdiction of a member state , and the energy used at berth in a port under the jurisdiction of a member state. such coverage of a share of the energy used by a ship in both incoming and outgoing voyages between the union and third countries ensures the effectiveness of this regulation , including by increasing the positive impact on the environment of such framework. simultaneously , such framework limits the risk of evasive port calls and the risk of delocalisation of transhipment activities outside the union. in order to ensure smooth operation of maritime traffic , a level playing field among maritime transport operators and among ports , and avoid distortions in the internal market , all journeys arriving or departing from ports under jurisdiction of member states , as well as the stay of ships in those ports should be covered by uniform rules contained in this regulation. ### (4) in order to produce an effect on all the activities of the maritime transport sector , it is appropriate that this regulation covers all voyages between a port under the jurisdiction of a member state and port under the jurisdiction of a third country. this regulation should thus apply to the entirety of the energy used by a ship performing voyages arriving at a port under the jurisdiction of a member state from a port outside the jurisdiction of a member state , the entirety of the energy used by a ship performing voyages departing from a port under the jurisdiction of a member state and arriving at a port outside the jurisdiction of a member state , the entirety of the energy used by a ship performing voyages arriving at a port under the jurisdiction of a member state from a port under the jurisdiction of a member state , and the energy used at berth in a port under the jurisdiction of a member state. such coverage of the energy used by a ship in both incoming and outgoing voyages between the union and third countries ensures the effectiveness of this regulation , including by increasing the positive impact on the environment of such framework. in order to ensure smooth operation of maritime traffic , a level playing field among maritime transport operators and among ports , and avoid distortions in the internal market , all journeys arriving or departing from ports under jurisdiction of member states , as well as the stay of ships in those ports should be covered by uniform rules contained in this regulation.


### (5) the rules laid down in this regulation should apply in a non-discriminatory manner to all ships regardless of their flag. for reasons of coherence with union and international rules in the area of maritime transport , this regulation should not apply to warships , naval auxiliaries , fish-catching or fish-processing ships , or government ships used for non-commercial purposes. ### (5) the rules laid down in this regulation should apply in a non-discriminatory manner to all ships regardless of their flag.


### (6) the person or organisation responsible for the compliance with this regulation should be the shipping company , defined as the shipowner or any other organisation or person , such as the manager or the bareboat charterer , that has assumed the responsibility for the operation of the ship from the shipowner and that , on assuming such responsibility , has agreed to take over all the duties and responsibilities imposed by the international management code for the safe operation of ships and for pollution prevention. this definition is based on the definition of ‘company’ in article 3 , point (d) of regulation (eu) 2015/757 of the european parliament and of the council21 , and in line with the global data collection system established in 2016 by the international maritime organization (imo). in line with the polluter pays principle , the shipping company could , by means of a contractual arrangement , hold the entity that is directly responsible for the decisions affecting the greenhouse gas intensity of the energy used by the ship accountable for the compliance costs under this regulation. this entity would normally be the entity that is responsible for the choice of fuel , route and speed of the ship. ### (6) the person or organisation responsible for the compliance with this regulation should be the shipping company , defined as the shipowner or any other organisation or person , such as the manager , the time charterer or the bareboat charterer , that has assumed the responsibility for the commercial operation of the ship from the shipowner and is responsible for paying for fuel consumed by the ship , and that , on assuming such responsibility , has agreed to take over all the duties and responsibilities imposed by the international management code for the safe operation of ships and for pollution prevention.


### (7) in order to limit the administrative burden , in particular that of smaller operators , this regulation should not apply to wooden ships of a primitive build and ships not propelled by mechanical means and focus on ships with a gross tonnage above 5 000. even though these latter ships represent only approximately 55% of all ships calling at ports under the regulation (eu) 2015/757 of the european parliament and of the council , they are responsible for 90% of the carbon dioxide (co2) emissions from the maritime sector. ### (7) in order to limit the administrative burden , in particular that of smaller operators , this regulation should not apply to wooden ships of a primitive build and ships not propelled by mechanical means except for fully wind-powered cargo ships and focus on ships with a gross tonnage above 400.


### (8) the development and deployment of new fuels and energy solutions requires a coordinated approach to match supply , demand and the provision of appropriate distribution infrastructure. while the current european regulatory framework already partly addresses fuel production with directive (eu) 2018/2001 of the european parliament and of the council22 and distribution with directive 2014/94/eu of the european parliament and of the council23 , there is also a need for a tool that establishes increasing levels of demand of renewable and low-carbon maritime fuels. ### (8) the development and deployment of sustainable renewable fuels and energy solutions requires a coordinated approach to match supply , demand and the provision of appropriate distribution infrastructure. while the current european regulatory framework already partly addresses fuel production with directive (eu) 2018/2001 of the european parliament and of the council22 and distribution with directive 2014/94/eu of the european parliament and of the council23 , there is also a need for a tool that establishes increasing levels of demand of renewable maritime fuels and other renewable energy sources.


### (9) while instruments such as carbon pricing or targets on the carbon intensity of activity promote improvements in energy efficiency , they are not suited to bring about a significant shift towards renewable and low-carbon fuels in the short and medium term. a specific regulatory approach dedicated to the deployment of renewable and low-carbon marine fuels and substitute sources of energy , such as wind or electricity , is therefore necessary. ### (9) while instruments such as carbon pricing may promote some improvements in energy and operational efficiency , they are not suited to bring about a significant uptake of operational and energy efficiency measures nor a shift towards renewable fuels in the short and medium term. a specific regulatory approach dedicated to spur operational and energy efficiency measures as well as the deployment of renewable maritime fuels and substitute sources of energy , such as wind or electricity , is therefore necessary.


### (10) policy intervention to stimulate demand of renewable and low-carbon maritime fuels should be goal-based and respect the principle of technological neutrality. accordingly , limits should be set on the greenhouse gas intensity of the energy used on-board by ships without prescribing the use of any particular fuel or technology. ### (10) policy intervention to stimulate demand of renewable maritime fuels should be goal-based and respect the energy efficiency and sustainability first principles. accordingly , limits should be set on the greenhouse gas intensity of the energy used on-board by ships , which should also ensure proper recognition of the energy efficiency and sustainability of any particular fuel or technology. moreover , dedicated incentives are deemed appropriate to stimulate the upscale and uptake of renewable fuels of non-biological origin which are set to play a key role to decarbonise those shipping applications without a more energy efficient and sustainable renewable-based alternative , such as direct renewable-based electrification or renewable propulsion technologies.


### (11) development and deployment of renewable and low carbon fuels with a high potential for sustainability , commercial maturity and a high potential for innovation and growth to meet future needs should be promoted. this will support creating innovative and competitive fuels markets and ensure sufficient supply of sustainable maritime fuels in the short and long term to contribute to union transport decarbonisation ambitions , while strengthening union’s efforts towards a high level of environmental protection. for this purpose , sustainable maritime fuels produced from feedstock listed in parts a and b of annex ix of directive (eu) 2018/2001 , as well as synthetic maritime fuels should be eligible. in particular , sustainable maritime fuels produced from feedstock listed in part b of annex ix of directive (eu) 2018/2001 are essential , as currently the most commercially mature technology to decarbonise martime transport already in the short term. ### (11) development and deployment of the most sustainable renewable solutions with a high energy efficiency potential as well as the potential for innovation and growth to meet future needs of the hardest to abate maritime applications should be promoted with priority. this will support creating innovative and competitive fuels markets and ensure sufficient supply of sustainable renewable maritime fuels and renewable propulsion technologies in the short and long term to contribute to union climate , energy and transport decarbonisation ambitions , while strengthening union’s efforts towards a high level of environmental protection.


### (12) indirect land-use change occurs when the cultivation of crops for biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels displaces traditional production of crops for food and feed purposes. such additional demand increases the pressure on land and can lead to the extension of agricultural land into areas with high-carbon stock , such as forests , wetlands and peatland , causing additional greenhouse gas emissions and loss of biodiversity. research has shown that the scale of the effect depends on a variety of factors , including the type of feedstock used for fuel production , the level of additional demand for feedstock triggered by the use of biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels , and the extent to which land with high-carbon stock is protected worldwide. the level of greenhouse gas emissions caused by indirect land-use change cannot be unequivocally determined with the level of precision required for the establishment of emission factors required by the application of this regulation. however , there is evidence that all fuels produced from feedstock cause indirect land-use change to various degrees. in addition to the greenhouse gas emissions linked to indirect land-use change – which is capable of negating some or all greenhouse gas emissions savings of individual biofuels , bioliquids or biomass fuels – indirect land-use change poses risks to biodiversity. this risk is particularly serious in connection with a potentially large expansion of production determined by a significant increase in demand. accordingly , no feed and food crop-based fuels should be promoted. directive (eu) 2018/2001 already limits and sets a cap on the contribution of such biofuels , bioliquids and biomass to the ghg emissions savings targets in the road and rail transport sector considering their lower environmental benefits , lower performance in terms of greenhouse reduction potential and broader sustainability concerns. ### (12) indirect land-use change occurs when the cultivation of crops for biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels displaces traditional production of crops for food and feed purposes. such additional demand increases the pressure on land and can lead to the extension of agricultural land into areas with high-carbon stock , such as forests , wetlands and peatland , causing additional greenhouse gas emissions and loss of biodiversity. research has shown that the scale of the effect depends on a variety of factors , including the type of feedstock used for fuel production , the level of additional demand for feedstock triggered by the use of biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels , and the extent to which land with high-carbon stock is protected worldwide. the level of greenhouse gas emissions caused by indirect land-use change cannot be unequivocally determined with the level of precision required for the establishment of emission factors required by the application of this regulation. however , there is evidence that all fuels produced from feedstock cause indirect land-use change to various degrees. in addition to the greenhouse gas emissions linked to indirect land-use change – which is capable of negating some or all greenhouse gas emissions savings of individual biofuels , bioliquids or biomass fuels – indirect land-use change poses risks to biodiversity. this risk is particularly serious in connection with a potentially large expansion of production determined by a significant increase in demand. accordingly , no crop-based fuels , including food and feed crops , intermediate crops , energy crops , as well as by-products already used in other sectors such as palm fatty acid distillates , animal fats category iii , molasses , soapstock and derivatives should be promoted. directive (eu) 2018/2001 already limits and sets a cap on the contribution of such biofuels , bioliquids and biomass to the ghg emissions savings targets in the road and rail transport sector considering their lower environmental benefits , lower performance in terms of greenhouse reduction potential and broader sustainability concerns.


### (13) however , this approach must be stricter in the maritime sector. the maritime sector has currently insignificant levels of demand for food and feed crops-based biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels , since over 99% of currently used marine fuels are of fossil origin. therefore , the non-eligibility of food and feed crop-based fuels under this regulation also minimises any risk to slow down the decarbonisation of the transport sector , which could otherwise result from a shift of crop-based biofuels from the road to the maritime sector. it is essential to minimise such a shift , as road transport currently remains by far the most polluting transport sector and the maritime transport currently uses predominanatly fuels of fossil origin. it is therefore appropriate to avoid the creation of a potentially large demand of food and feed crops-based biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels by promoting their use under this regulation. accordingly , the additional greenhouse gas emissions and loss of biodiversity caused by all types of feed and food crop-based fuels require that these fuels be considered to have the same emission factors as the least favourable pathway. ### (13) however , this approach must be stricter in the maritime sector. the maritime sector has currently insignificant levels of demand for food and feed crops-based biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels , since over 99% of currently used marine fuels are of fossil origin. therefore , the non-eligibility of food and feed crop-based fuels , intermediate crops , energy crops , palm fatty acid distillates , animal fats category iii , molasses , soapstock and derivatives , under this regulation also minimises any risk to slow down the decarbonisation of the transport sector , which could otherwise result from a shift of crop-based biofuels from the road to the maritime sector. it is essential to minimise such a shift , as road transport currently remains by far the most polluting transport sector and the maritime transport currently uses predominantly fuels of fossil origin. moreover , many feedstocks listed in annex ix of directive (eu) 2018/2001 have important existing uses which impacts their availability for other sectors. for example , palm fatty acid distillate (pfad) is a by-product of the palm oil refining process of high value in other industries , such as oleochemicals; animal fats category iii are by-products from the animal slaughter process and are already being used for the manufacture of oleochemicals (e.g. soaps , cosmetics) , pet food and animal feeds; and molasses are by-products from the processing of sugar cane and sugar beet into sugar and are already being used for animal feed and in the yeast sector. it is therefore appropriate to avoid the creation of a potentially large demand of crops-based biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels , based on food and feed crops , intermediate crops , energy crops , palm fatty acid distillates , animal fats category iii , used cooking oil , molasses , soapstock and derivatives , by promoting their use under this regulation. accordingly , the additional greenhouse gas emissions and loss of biodiversity caused by all types of crop-based fuels require these fuels to be considered to have the same emission factors as the least favourable fossil pathway. this also applies to by-products with important existing uses such as pfad , used cooking oil , animal fats cat iii , and molasses.


### (14) the long lead times associated to the development and deployment of new fuels and energy solutions for maritime transport require rapid action and the establishment of a clear and predictable long-term regulatory framework facilitating planning and investment from all the stakeholders concerned. a clear and stable long-term regulatory framework will facilitate the development and deployment of new fuels and energy solutions for maritime transport , and encourage investment from stakeholders. such framework should define limits for the greenhouse gas intensity of the energy used on-board by ships until 2050. those limits should become more ambitious over time to reflect the expected technology development and increased production of marine renewable and low carbon fuels. ### (14) the long lead times associated to the development and deployment of new renewable fuels and energy solutions for maritime transport , as well as the long average lifespan of ships ranging between 25 and 30 years , require rapid action and the establishment of a clear and predictable long-term regulatory framework facilitating planning and investment from all the stakeholders concerned. the accelerating climate crisis increases the importance of measures taken in the sector today. a clear , ambitious and stable long-term regulatory framework will facilitate the development and deployment of renewable energy solutions for maritime transport , and encourage investment from stakeholders. such framework should define limits for the greenhouse gas intensity of the energy used on-board by ships until reaching zero emissions by 2040. those limits should become more ambitious over time to reflect the expected technology development and increased production of marine renewable and low carbon fuels.


### (15) this regulation should establish the methodology and the formula that should apply to calculate the yearly average greenhouse gas intensity of the energy used on-board by a ship. this formula should be based on the fuel consumption reported by ships and consider the relevant emission factors of these fuels. the use of substitute sources of energy , such as wind or electricity , should also be reflected in the methodology. ### (15) this regulation should establish the methodology and the formula that should apply to calculate the yearly average greenhouse gas intensity of the energy used on-board by a ship. this formula should be based on the fuel consumption reported by ships and consider the relevant emission factors of these fuels. the use of substitute sources of energy , such as wind , solar or electricity both on board and at berth , should also be reflected in the methodology.


### (17) the well-to-wake performance of renewable and low-carbon maritime fuels should be established using default or actual and certified emission factors covering the well-to-tank and tank-to-wake emissions. the performance of fossil fuels should however only be assessed through the use of default emission factors as provided for by this regulation. ### (17) the well-to-wake performance of renewable maritime fuels should be established using default or actual and certified emission factors covering the well-to-tank and tank-to-wake emissions. fossil fuels , including fossil gas , should however only be assessed through the use of default emission factors as provided for by this regulation.


### (18) a comprehensive approach on all the most relevant ghg emissions (co2 , ch4 and n2o) is necessary to promote the use of energy sources providing a lower ghg footprint overall. in order to reflect the global warming potential of methane and nitrous oxides , the limit set by this regulation should therefore be expressed in terms of ‘co2 equivalent’. ### (18) a comprehensive approach on all the most relevant ghg emissions (co2 , ch4 and n2o) , including the climate impact of black carbon emissions , is necessary to promote the use of energy sources providing a lower ghg footprint overall. in order to reflect the global warming potential of methane , nitrous oxides and black carbon , the reference value and the limits set by this regulation should therefore be expressed in terms of ‘co2 equivalent’. the reference value should be published by the european commission no later than december 2022 and should correspond to the fleet average greenhouse gas intensity of the energy used on-board by ships in 2020 determined on the basis of data monitored and reported in the framework of regulation (eu) 2015/757 and using the methodology and default values laid down in annex i and annex ii to this regulation.