### written information given to the subject and / or the legal representative for the purposes of obtaining his or her informed consent shall be kept concise , clear , relevant , and understandable to a lay person . it shall include both medical and legal information . it shall inform the subject about his or her right to revoke his or her informed consent . ### written information shall be given to the subject and / or the legal representative prior to the obtaining of his or her informed consent . it shall be kept concise , clear , relevant , and understandable to a lay person . it shall include both medical and legal information . it shall inform the subject about his or her right to revoke his or her informed consent at any time of the clinical trial .


### the informed consent of the legal representative has been obtained , whereby consent shall represent the subject ' s presumed will ; ### the informed consent of the legal representative has been obtained ; consent shall represent the subject ' s presumed will and may be revoked at any time , without detriment to the subject ;


### because excessive and imprudent risk - taking may undermine the financial soundness of financial institutions and destabilise the banking system , it is important that the new obligation concerning remuneration policies and practices should be implemented in a consistent manner . it is therefore appropriate to specify core principles on sound remuneration to ensure that the structure of remuneration does not encourage excessive risk - taking by individuals and is aligned with the risk appetite , values and long - term interests of the institution . in order to ensure that the design of remuneration policies is integrated in the risk management of the financial institution , the management body of each credit institution or investment firm should establish the general principles to be applied , and the policies should be subject to at least annual independent internal review . ### because excessive and imprudent risk - taking may undermine the financial soundness of financial institutions and destabilise the banking system , it is important that the new obligation concerning remuneration policies and practices should be implemented in a consistent manner . furthermore , there is widespread concern that the remuneration of managers in the financial sector is excessive , often representing up to 300 times the salary of an average employee . previously , the practice was that the remuneration of managers should not exceed 20 times the lowest salary of employees in the same sector . this development is entirely at odds with the traditions of the european social model and its aim of achieving a more equal distribution of income . a new model of corporate governance in the financial industry is necessary in order to promote long - term sustainability and social cohesion . it is therefore appropriate to specify clear principles on sound remuneration to ensure that the structure of remuneration does not encourage excessive risk - taking by individuals and is aligned with the risk appetite , values and long - term interests of the institution . in order to ensure that the design of remuneration policies is integrated in the risk management of the financial institution , the management body of each credit institution or investment firm should establish the general principles to be applied , and the policies should be subject to at least annual independent internal review . credit institutions and investment firms of a significant size should set up independent remuneration committees as an integral part of their governance structure and organisation . such remuneration committees should cooperate with those responsible for the risk and compliance function in order to monitor the incentives created for managing risk , capital and liquidity .


### because excessive and imprudent risk - taking may undermine the financial soundness of financial institutions and destabilise the banking system , it is important that the new obligation concerning remuneration policies and practices should be implemented in a consistent manner . it is therefore appropriate to specify core principles on sound remuneration to ensure that the structure of remuneration does not encourage excessive risk - taking by individuals and is aligned with the risk appetite , values and long - term interests of the institution . in order to ensure that the design of remuneration policies is integrated in the risk management of the financial institution , the management body of each credit institution or investment firm should establish the general principles to be applied , and the policies should be subject to at least annual independent internal review . ### because excessive and imprudent risk - taking may undermine the financial soundness of financial institutions and destabilise the banking system , it is important that the new obligation concerning remuneration policies and practices should be implemented in a consistent manner . it is therefore appropriate to specify clear and transparent core principles on sound remuneration , established with the involvement of staff members and their representatives within the firm , to ensure that the structure of remuneration does not encourage excessive risk - taking by individuals and is aligned with the risk appetite , values and long - term interests of the institution . in order to ensure that the design of remuneration policies is integrated in the risk management of the financial institution , the management body of each credit institution or investment firm should establish the general principles to be applied , and the policies should be subject to at least annual independent internal review . credit institutions and investment firms of significant size should set up independent remuneration committees as an integral part of their governance structure and organisation . remuneration committees should cooperate with the risk and compliance function in order to supervise the incentives created for managing risk , capital and liquidity .


### on 28 march 2011 , the commission adopted the white paper ' a roadmap to a single transport area ― towards a competitive and resource - efficient transport system ' . the white paper aims at reducting by at least 60% the greenhouse gas emissions of the transport sector by 2050 with respect to 1990 . as far as infrastructure is concerned , the white paper aims at establishing a fully functional and union - wide multimodal ten - t ‘ core network’ by 2030 . the white paper also aims at optimising the performance of multimodal logistic chains , including by making greater use of more energy - efficient modes . therefore , it sets the following relevant targets for ten - t policy : 30% of road freight over 300 km should shift to other modes by 2030 , and more than 50% by 2050 ; the length of the existing high - speed rail network should triple by 2030 and by 2050 the majority of medium - distance passenger transport should go by rail ; by 2050 , all core network airports should be connected to the rail network ; all seaports to the rail freight and , where possible , to the inland waterway system . ### on 28 march 2011 , the commission adopted the white paper ' a roadmap to a single transport area ― towards a competitive and resource - efficient transport system ' . while the white paper aims at reducting by at least 60% the greenhouse gas emissions of the transport sector by 2050 with respect to 1990 , the european parliament in its resolution calls to draw up legal rules to achieve a 20% reduction in emissions of co2 and other ghg from transport by 2020 . as far as infrastructure is concerned , the white paper aims at establishing a fully functional and union - wide multimodal ten - t ‘ core network’ by 2030 and the european parliament urges member states to commit themselves to eliminating the main known bottlenecks by 2020 in every transport mode by submitting an approved funding plan by 2015 . the white paper also aims at optimising the performance of multimodal logistic chains , including by making greater use of more energy - efficient modes .


### ‘ programme support actions’ means accompanying measures necessary for the implementation of the connecting europe facility and individual sector specific guidelines , such as services , as well as preparatory , feasibility , coordination , monitoring , control , audit and evaluation activities which are required directly for the management of this facility and the achievement of its objectives , and in particular studies , meetings , information , infrastructure mapping , twinning , dissemination , awareness raising and communication actions , expenses linked to it networks focusing on information exchange , together with all other technical and administrative assistance expenses that may be required for the management of this facility or implementation of the individual sector specific guidelines ; ### ‘ programme support actions’ means all accompanying measures necessary for the implementation of the connecting europe facility and individual sector specific guidelines , such as services , as well as preparatory , feasibility , coordination , monitoring , consultation of interested parties and stakeholders , control , audit and evaluation activities which are required directly for the management of this facility and the achievement of its objectives , and in particular studies , meetings , information , infrastructure mapping , twinning , dissemination , awareness raising and communication actions , expenses linked to it networks focusing on information exchange , together with all other technical and administrative assistance expenses that may be required for the management of this facility or implementation of the individual sector specific guidelines ;


### expenditure related to environmental studies on the protection of the environment and on compliance with the union acquis may be eligible . ### expenditure related to environmental studies on the protection of the environment and on compliance with the union acquis shall be eligible .


### rail and inland waterways : the amount of union financial aid shall not exceed 20% of the eligible cost ; the funding rate may be increased to 30% for actions addressing bottlenecks ; the funding rate may be increased to 40% for actions concerning cross - border sections ; ### rail and inland waterways : the amount of union financial aid shall not exceed 20% of the eligible cost ; the funding rate may be increased to 30% for actions both addressing bottlenecks and reducing rail freight noise by retrofitting of existing rolling stock ; the funding rate may be increased to 40% for actions concerning cross - border sections ;


### the multiannual work programmes shall be reviewed at least at mid - term . if necessary , the commission shall revise the multiannual work programme by means of implementing act . those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in article 24 . ### the multiannual work programmes shall be reviewed at least at mid - term . if necessary , the commission shall revise the multiannual work programme by means of implementing act . those delegated acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in article 25 of this regulation


### member states shall for projects related to transport and energy sectors , undertake the technical monitoring and financial control of actions in close cooperation with the commission and shall certify the reality and the conformity of the expenditure incurred in respect of projects or parts of projects . the member states may request the participation of the commission during on - the - spot checks . ### member states shall for projects related to transport and energy sectors , undertake the technical monitoring and financial control of actions , including those ensuring the deployment of consultation procedures and compliance with the relevant eu legislation on environment and climate change in close cooperation with the commission and shall certify the reality and the conformity of the expenditure incurred in respect of projects or parts of projects . the member states may request the participation of the commission during on - the - spot checks .


### no later than mid - 2018 , an evaluation report shall be established by the commission on the achievement of the objectives of all the measures , the efficiency of the use of resources and its european added value , in view of a decision on the renewal , modification or suspension of the measures . the evaluation shall additionally address the scope for simplification , its internal and external coherence , the continued relevance of all objectives , as well as the contribution of the measures to the union priorities of smart , sustainable and inclusive growth . it shall take into account evaluation results on the long - term impact of the predecessor measures . ### no later than 31 december 2017 an evaluation report shall be presented by the commission to the european parliament and the council on the achievement of the objectives of all the measures , the efficiency of the use of resources and its european added value , in view of a decision on the renewal , modification or suspension of the measures . the evaluation shall additionally address the scope for simplification , its internal and external coherence , the continued relevance of all objectives , as well as the contribution of the measures to the union priorities of smart , sustainable and inclusive growth . it shall take into account evaluation results on the long - term impact of the predecessor measures .


### belfast – dublin – holyhead – birmingham glasgow / edinburgh – birmingham birmingham – london – lille – brussel / bruxelles dublin / cork / southampton – le havre – paris london – dover – calais – paris ### belfast – dublin – holyhead – birmingham sligo – derry – belfast glasgow / edinburgh – birmingham birmingham – london – lille – brussel / bruxelles dublin / cork / southampton – le havre – paris london – dover – calais – paris


### directive 2000 / 25 / ec of the european parliament and of the council of 22 may 2000 on action to be taken against the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants by engines intended to power agricultural or forestry tractors and amending council directive 74 / 150 / eec9 regulates exhaust emissions from engines installed in agricultural and forestry tractors . the current stage of emission limits applicable for type approval of the majority of compression ignition engines is referred to as stage iii a . the directive provides that those limits will be replaced by the more stringent stage iii b limits , entering into force progressively as of 1st january 2011 with regard to the placing on the market and from 1st january 2010 as regards the type approval for those engines . stage iv , providing for limit values more stringent than stage iii b , will enter into force progressively as of 1st january 2013 as regards the type approval for those engines and as of 1st january 2014 with regard to the placing on the market . ### directive 2000 / 25 / ec of the european parliament and of the council of 22 may 2000 on action to be taken against the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants by engines intended to power agricultural or forestry tractors and amending council directive 74 / 150 / eec9 regulates exhaust emissions from engines installed in agricultural and forestry tractors in order to further safeguard human health and the environment . the current stage of emission limits applicable for type approval of the majority of compression ignition engines is referred to as stage iii a . the directive provides that those limits will be replaced by the more stringent stage iii b limits , entering into force progressively as of 1st january 2011 with regard to the placing on the market and from 1st january 2010 as regards the type approval for those engines . stage iv , providing for limit values more stringent than stage iii b , will enter into force progressively as of 1st january 2013 as regards the type approval for those engines and as of 1st january 2014 with regard to the placing on the market .


### in order to help consumers compare payment account fees throughout the single market easily , payment service providers should provide consumers with a list of fees charged for the services listed in the standardised terminology . this would also contribute towards establishing a level playing field between credit institutions competing in the payment account market . the fee information document should only contain information on the most representative payment services in each member state , using the terms and definitions established at eu level where relevant . in order to help consumers understand the fees they have to pay for their payment account , a glossary providing explanations for at least the fees and services contained in the list should be made available to them . the glossary should serve as a useful tool to encourage a better understanding of the meaning of fees , contributing towards empowering consumers to choose from a wider choice of payment account offers . an obligation should also be introduced for payment service providers to inform consumers , at least annually , of all the fees charged on their account . ex - post information should be provided in a dedicated summary . it should provide a complete overview of the fees incurred to enable a consumer to understand what fee expenditures relate to , and to assess the need to either modify consumption patterns or move to another provider . this benefit would be maximised by the ex - post fee information covering the same services as the ex - ante information . ### in order to help consumers compare payment account fees throughout the single market easily , payment service providers should provide consumers with a complete list of fees charged for all services linked to the provision of the payment account making use of standardised terms and definitions where possible . where applicable , the fee information document should use only the terms and definitions established at union level . this would also contribute towards establishing a level playing field between credit institutions competing in the payment account market . in order to make an informed choice , the fee information document should also inform the consumer if a deposit guarantee scheme applies to the account and include at least two independent assessments of the payment provider ' s credit worthiness where available . in order to help consumers understand the fees they have to pay for their payment account , a glossary providing clear , non - technical and unambiguous explanations for at least the fees and services contained in the list should be made available to them . the glossary should serve as a useful tool to encourage a better understanding of the meaning of fees , contributing towards empowering consumers to choose from a wider choice of payment account offers . an obligation should also be introduced for payment service providers to inform free of charge consumers monthly and annually of all the fees charged on their account . ex - post information should be provided in a dedicated summary . such a personal account statement should provide a complete overview of interest earned , fees incurred and notices of modifications to fees or interest rates . the consumer should be given the information necessary to understand what fee expenditures relate to , and to assess the need to either modify consumption patterns or move to another provider .


### in order to obtain impartial information on bank fees , consumers should be able to access comparison websites which are operationally independent from payment service providers . member states should therefore ensure that at least one such website is available to consumers in their respective territories . such comparison websites may be operated by competent authorities , other public authorities and / or accredited private operators . member states should establish a voluntary accreditation scheme allowing private operators of comparison websites to apply for accreditation in accordance with specified quality criteria . a comparison website operated by a competent authority or other public authority should be established where a privately operated website has not been accredited . such websites should also comply with the quality criteria . ### in order to obtain impartial information on bank fees and interest rates , consumers should be able to access comparison websites which are publicly accessible and independent from payment service providers . member states should therefore ensure that have access to at least one independent and publicly accessible website operated by or on behalf of a competent authority or any other competent public authority in their respective territories . such a website should provide complementary information on union standardised terminology , consumer right to access payment accounts and on switching procedures available at national and union level . in order to increase consumer trust in further available comparison websites , member states should establish a voluntary accreditation scheme allowing private operators of comparison websites to apply for accreditation in accordance with specified quality criteria and impartiality provisions . in order to increase availability of comparable information on fees and interest rates for mobile consumers , the commission , in cooperation with eba , should establish a union portal for comparison websites available in member states .


### consumers should be guaranteed access to a range of basic payment services , for which a minimum number of operations shall be determined by member states in a way that should take into account both the needs of the consumers and the commercial practices in the member state concerned . beyond this list of minimum services , banks may apply their regular fees . services linked to basic payment accounts should include the facility to deposit and withdraw money . consumers should be able to undertake essential payment transactions such as receiving income or benefits , paying bills or taxes and purchasing goods and services , including via direct debit , credit transfer and the use of a payment card . such services should allow the purchase of goods and services online and should give consumers the opportunity to initiate payment orders via the payment service provider ' s online banking facility , where available . however , a payment account with basic features should not be restricted to online usage as this would create an obstacle for consumers without internet access . consumers should not be given access to an overdraft facility with a payment account with basic features . however , member states may allow payment services providers to offer buffering facilities for very small amounts in relation to payment accounts with basic features . ### consumers should be guaranteed access to a range of basic payment services , for which a minimum number of operations shall be determined by member states in a way that should take into account both the needs of the consumers and the commercial practices in the member state concerned . beyond this list of minimum services , banks may apply their regular fees . services linked to basic payment accounts should include the facility to place and withdraw money via the different channels available . consumers should be able to undertake essential payment transactions such as receiving income or benefits , paying bills or taxes and purchasing goods and services , including via direct debit , credit transfer including standing orders and the use of a personalized payment instrument . such services should allow the purchase of goods and services online and should give consumers the opportunity to initiate payment orders via the payment service provider ' s online banking facility , where available . however , a payment account with basic features should not be restricted to online usage as this would create an obstacle for consumers without internet access . consumers should not be given access to an overdraft facility with a payment account with basic features . however , member states may allow payment services providers to offer buffering facilities for very small amounts in relation to payment accounts with basic features where the charges for such funds are separately disclosed to the consumer and at least as favourable as the provider ' s charges for overdrafts .


### member states shall ensure that the competent authorities referred to in article 20 , determine a provisional list of at least 20 payment services accounting for at least 80% of the most representative payment services subject to a fee at national level . the list shall contain terms and definitions for each of the services identified . ### member states shall ensure that the competent authorities referred to in article 20 , determine a provisional list of the most representative payment services subject to a fee at national level . the list shall cover the higher of 25 payment services or the services accounting for at least 90% of the volume of such services subject to a fee at national level . it shall contain terms and definitions for each of the services identified .


### member states shall ensure that in their contractual and commercial information , payment service providers use , where relevant , the terms and definitions contained in the list of the most representative payment services referred to in article 3 , paragraph 5 . ### member states shall ensure that in all communications to consumers , including contractual and marketing communications , payment service providers use , where applicable , the union standardised terminology contained in the complete list of the most representative payment services referred to in article 3 , paragraph 5 .


### member states shall ensure that when a payment account is offered together with another service or product as part of a package , the payment service provider informs the consumer of whether it is possible to buy the payment account separately and provides separate information regarding the costs and fees associated with each of the products and services offered in the package . ### without prejudice to article 4 member states shall ensure that when a payment account is offered together with another service or product as part of a package the payment service provider informs the consumer of whether it is possible to buy the payment account separately ; and if so provides separate information regarding the costs and fees associated with each of the other products and services offered in the package .


### where a consumer already holds a payment account , with a payment service provider located in their territory , which allows him to make use of the payment services listed in article 17 ; ### where a consumer holds a payment account , with a payment service provider located in their territory , which enables him to make use of the payment services listed in article 16 ;


### member states shall ensure that , in the cases indicated in paragraph 3 , the payment service provider immediately informs the consumer of the refusal , in writing and free of charge , unless such disclosure would be contrary to the objectives of national security or public policy . ### member states shall ensure that payment service providers process applications for access to a payment account with basic features within two calendar weeks of receiving a complete application including proof of identity . member states shall ensure that , in the cases indicated in paragraph 3 , the payment service provider immediately informs the consumer of the refusal , in writing and free of charge , of a reason for such rejection unless such disclosure would be contrary to the objectives of national security and of available alternative dispute resolution mechanisms .


### member states shall ensure that the services indicated in article 16 are offered by payment service providers free of charge or for a reasonable fee . ### member states shall ensure that the services indicated in article 16 are offered by payment service providers free of charge or for a reasonable fee . member states shall ensure that the payment account with basic features is always the payment account with the lowest fee for the provision of the minimum package of payment services specified within the member state pursuant to article 16 and .


### the authorities referred to in paragraph 1 shall possess all the powers necessary for the performance of their duties . where more than one competent authority is empowered to ensure and monitor effective compliance with this directive , member states shall ensure that those authorities collaborate closely so that they can discharge their respective duties effectively . ### the authorities referred to in paragraph 1 shall be independent from payment service providers and possess all the powers and resources necessary for the performance of their duties . where more than one competent authority is empowered to ensure and monitor effective compliance with this directive , member states shall ensure that those authorities collaborate closely so that they can discharge their respective duties effectively .


### member states shall provide the commission with information on the following matters for the first time within 3 years from entry into force of this directive and every 2 years thereafter : ### on an annual basis and for the first time by [ 3 years after entry into force of this directive ] , member states shall provide the commission with information on the following matters :


### the european consensus on development and commission communications ' increasing the impact of eu development policy - an agenda for change ' , and ' the future approach of eu budget support to third countries ' , as well as any future communication establishing basic orientations and principles for the union ' s development policy , and their subsequent conclusions , provide the general policy framework , the orientations and the focus to guide the implementation of this regulation . ### the european consensus on developmentthe teu and the tfeu , and objectives approved by the union and the member states in the context of the united nations and in particular the unctad and undp as well as other competent international organisations provide the general policy framework , the orientations and the focus to guide the implementation of this regulation .


### union assistance should focus where it has more impact , having regard to its capacity to act on a global scale and respond to global challenges such as poverty eradication , sustainable and inclusive development and worldwide promotion of democracy , good governance , human rights and the rule of law , its long - term and predictable commitment to development assistance and its role in coordinating with its member states . to ensure such impact , the principle of differentiation should be applied not only at the level of funds allocation , but also at the level of programming , to ensure that bilateral development cooperation targets partner countries most in need , including fragile states and states with high vulnerability , and with limited capacity to have access to other sources of financing for supporting their own development , having regard to the potential impact of the union assistance in partner countries . as a consequence , bilateral programming would target such countries , pursuant to the application of objective criteria based on the needs and capacities of these countries , as well as the impact of eu assistance . ### union assistance should focus where it has more impact , having regard to its capacity to act on a global scale and respond to global challenges such as poverty eradication , sustainable and inclusive development , fair trade , and worldwide promotion of democracy , good governance , human rights , advanced labour rights standards and the rule of law , its long - term and predictable commitment to development assistance and its role in coordinating with its member states . to ensure such impact , the principle of differentiation should be applied not only at the level of funds allocation , but also at the level of programming , to ensure that bilateral development cooperation benefits strongest those partner countries most in need , including fragile states and states with high vulnerability , and with limited capacity to have access to other sources of financing for supporting their own development , having regard to the potential impact of the union assistance in partner countries . as a consequence , bilateral programming shall focus on such countries , pursuant to the application of objective criteria based on the needs and capacities of these countries , as well as the impact of eu assistance .


### fighting climate change and protecting the environment are among the great challenges which face the union and where the need for international action is urgent . in accordance with the intent stated in commission communication ' a budget for europe 2020 ' of 29 june 2011 , this regulation should contribute to the objective of addressing at least 20% of the eu budget to low carbon and climate resilient society , and the global public goods and challenges programme should use at least 25% of its funds to cover climate change and environment . actions in these two areas should , wherever possible , be mutually supportive in order to reinforce their impacts . ### fighting climate change and protecting the environment are among the great challenges which face the union and all its international trading and commercial partner countries and regions and where the need for international action is urgent . this regulation should add to the objective of addressing at least 20% of the eu budget to low carbon and climate resilient society , and the global public goods and challenges programme should use at least 25% of its funds to cover climate change and environment , taking into consideration the contribution to climate emissions of global trade and transport of goods , in particular of unprocessed raw materials . actions in these two areas should , wherever possible , be mutually supportive in order to reinforce their impacts .


### commission communication ' increasing the impact of eu development policy : an agenda for change ' envisages continued support for social inclusion and human development through at least 20% of the union ' s development aid . to contribute to that end , at least 20% of the global public goods and challenges programme should support that area of development . ### support for social inclusion and human development shall be the objective of at least 20% of the union ' s development aid . this shall include support for the provision of basic social services , in particular in healthcare and education . at least 20% of the global public goods and challenges programme should support that area of development .


### the lists of partner countries under this regulation should be adapted on the basis of possible changes to their status as established by the development assistance committee of the organization for economic cooperation and development , as well as important changes in human development , aid dependency , crisis situations , vulnerability and other aspects including the dynamics of the development process . such updates , reviews of the partner countries eligible for bilateral development cooperation and modifications in the definitions of detailed areas of cooperation and activities , and adjustments of the indicative financial allocation per programme , constitute non - essential elements of this regulation . consequently , in order to adapt its scope to the rapidly evolving reality in third countries , the power to adopt acts in accordance with article 290 of the treaty of the functioning of the european union should be delegated to the commission for updating the annexes of this regulation which includes the list of partner countries and regions eligible for union financing , the definition of detailed areas of cooperation under geographic and thematic programmes and the indicative allocations per programme . it is of particular importance that the commission should carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work , including at expert level . the commission , when preparing and drawing up delegated acts , should further ensure a simultaneous , timely and appropriate transmission of relevant documents to the european parliament and council . ### the lists of partner countries under this regulation should be adapted on the basis of possible changes to their status as established by the development assistance committee of the organization for economic cooperation and development , as well as important changes in human development , aid dependency , crisis situations , vulnerability and other aspects including the dynamics of the development process . updates and reviews of the partner countries eligible for bilateral development cooperation and modifications in the definitions of areas of cooperation and activities , as well as adjustments of the indicative financial allocation per programme , shall be submitted by the commission as legislative proposals introducing the necessary modifications to annexes i , iii , iv , v , vi and vii of this regulation .


### the following cross - cutting issues shall be mainstreamed in all programmes : the promotion of human rights , gender equality , women empowerment , non - discrimination , democracy , good governance , the rights of the child and indigenous peoples ' rights , social inclusion and the rights of persons with disabilities , environmental sustainability including addressing climate change and combating hiv / aids . ### the following cross - cutting issues shall be mainstreamed in all programmes : the promotion of human rights , gender equality , women empowerment , non - discrimination , democracy , good governance , the rights of the child and indigenous peoples ' rights , social inclusion , decent work , and the rights of persons with disabilities , environmental sustainability including addressing climate change and combating hiv / aids .


### particular attention shall be given to strengthening the rule of law , improving access to justice and supporting civil society , trade and sustainable development , access to icts , health and food security , as well as promoting dialogue , participation and reconciliation , and institution - building . ### particular attention shall be given to strengthening the rule of law , the implementation and enforcement of legislation , in particular with regard to labour and environmental law , improving access to justice and supporting civil society , including monitoring activities , fair trade and sustainable development , access to icts , public services , health and food security , as well as promoting dialogue , participation and reconciliation , and institution - building .


### in implementing this regulation , consistency shall be ensured with other areas of union external action and with other relevant union policies . to this end , measures financed under this regulation , including those managed by the eib , shall be based on the cooperation policies set out in instruments such as agreements , declarations and action plans between the union and the third countries and regions concerned , and on the union’s decisions , specific interests , policy priorities and strategies . ### in implementing this regulation , and while observing the principle of policy coherence for development , the union will strive to ensure that its actions in other areas of union external policies and other relevant union policies do not jeopardise the success of measures financed under this instrument , including those managed by the eib ;


### inclusive and participatory approaches to development and a broad involvement of all segments of society in the development process and in national and regional dialogue , including political dialogue ; ### inclusive and participatory approaches to development and a broad involvement of all segments of society in the development process and in national and regional dialogue , including political dialogue and national and regional parliaments in the partner countries and regions ;


### . geographic programmes may be drawn from the areas of cooperation contained in the ' european consensus ' , amongst others , in order to attain the objectives provided for in article 2 . common areas of cooperation and specific areas of cooperation for each region are set out in annex iv . ### . geographic programmes shall be drawn from the areas of cooperation contained in the ' european consensus ' and the common and specific areas of cooperation listed in annex iv , in order to attain the objectives provided for in article 2 .


### the objective of union assistance under the programme ' global public goods and challenges ' shall be to support actions in areas such as the environment and climate change , sustainable energy , human development , food security , and migration and asylum . ### the objective of union assistance under the programme ' global public goods and challenges ' shall be to support actions in areas such as the environment and climate change , sustainable energy , human development , food security , fair trade , decent work , social justice , culture , and migration and asylum .


### to that end , strategy papers shall , in principle , be based on a dialogue between the union and the partner country or region , involving where appropriate , the relevant member states , and the partner country or region , involving civil society and regional and local authorities , so as to ensure that the country or region concerned takes sufficient ownership of the process and to encourage support for national development strategies , particularly those for reducing poverty . ### to that end , strategy papers shall , in principle , be based on a dialogue between the union and the partner country or region , involving where appropriate , the relevant member states , and the partner country or region , involving the national and regional parliament , civil society and regional and local authorities , so as to ensure that the country or region concerned takes sufficient ownership of the process and to encourage support for national development strategies , particularly those for reducing poverty .


### strategy papers may be reviewed at their mid - term , or ad hoc if necessary , in accordance , as appropriate , with the principles and procedures laid down in the partnership and cooperation agreements concluded with the partner countries and regions . ### strategy papers shall be reviewed at their mid - term , or ad hoc if necessary , in accordance , as appropriate , with the principles and procedures laid down in the partnership and cooperation agreements concluded with the partner countries and regions . the review process shall include civil society , the european parliament and the parliaments of partner countries and regions .


### multiannual indicative programmes shall be drawn up for each of the countries or regions receiving an indicative allocation of union funds under this regulation except for countries or regions mentioned in paragraph 4 , these documents shall be drawn up on the basis of the strategy papers or similar documents referred to in this article . ### multiannual indicative programmes shall be drawn up for each of the countries or regions receiving an indicative allocation of union funds under this regulation . these documents shall be drawn up on the basis of the strategy papers or similar documents referred to in this article .


### strategy papers shall be approved and multiannual indicative programmes shall be adopted by the commission in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in article 15 of the common implementing regulation . this procedure shall also apply to substantial reviews which have the effect of significantly modifying the strategy or its programming . ### strategy papers shall be approved and multiannual indicative programmes shall be adopted by the commission through a delegated act . this procedure shall also apply to mid - term reviews and ad hoc reviews which have the effect of significantly modifying the strategy or its programming .


### the procedure referred to in paragraph 1 shall not apply to non - substantial modifications to strategy papers and multiannual indicative programmes , making technical adjustments , reassigning funds within the indicative allocations per priority area , or increasing or decreasing the size of the initial indicative allocation by less than 20% , provided that these modifications do not affect the priority areas and objectives set out in these documents . in such case , adjustments shall be communicated to the european parliament and to the council within one month . ### the procedure referred to in paragraph 1 shall not apply to non - substantial modifications to strategy papers and multiannual indicative programmes , making technical adjustments , reassigning funds within the indicative allocations per priority area , or increasing or decreasing the size of the initial indicative allocation by less than 10% , provided that these modifications do not affect the priority areas and objectives set out in these documents . in such case , adjustments shall be communicated to the european parliament and to the council within one month .


### the commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 18 to amend or supplement the annexes i to vii to this regulation . ### the commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 18 to adopt , amend or supplement strategy papers and multiannual indicative programmes .


### the indicative minimum amounts allocated to each programme referred to in articles 5 to 9 for the period 2014 - 2020 are laid down in annex vii . the amounts may be reallocated between programmes by a delegated act in accordance with article 18 . the amounts within the global public goods and challenges programme may be reallocated between subheadings by commission decision which shall be communicated to the european parliament and to the council within one month of its adoption . ### the indicative minimum amounts allocated to each programme referred to in articles 5 to 9 for the period 2014 - 2020 are laid down in annex vii . the amounts may be reallocated between programmes by a delegated act in accordance with article 18 .


### partner countries and regions with a bilateral cooperation according to article 5 the following partner countries benefit from bilateral development assistance under this regulation pursuant to article 5 : bolivia 2 . cuba 3 . el salvador 4 . guatemala 5 . honduras 6 . nicaragua 7 . paraguay 8 . afghanistan 9 . bangladesh 10 . bhutan 11 . cambodia 12 . democratic people ' s republic of korea 13 . laos 14 . mongolia 15 . myanmar / burma 16 . nepal 17 . pakistan 18 . philippines 19 . sri lanka 20 . viet nam 21 . kyrgyz republic 22 . tajikistan 23 . turkmenistan 24 . uzbekistan 25 . iraq 26 . yemen 27 . south africa ### partner countries and regions with a bilateral cooperation according to article 5 the following partner countries benefit from bilateral development assistance under this regulation pursuant to article 5 : bolivia 1a . colombia 1b . costa rica 2 . cuba 2a . ecuador 3 . el salvador 4 . guatemala 5 . honduras 6 . nicaragua 6a . panama 7 . paraguay 7a . peru 8 . afghanistan 9 . bangladesh 10 . bhutan 11 . cambodia 12 . democratic people ' s republic of korea 13 . laos 14 . mongolia 15 . myanmar / burma 16 . nepal 17 . pakistan 18 . philippines 19 . sri lanka 20 . viet nam 21 . kyrgyz republic 22 . tajikistan 23 . turkmenistan 24 . uzbekistan 25 . iraq 26 . yemen 27 . south africa


### geographic programmes may be drawn , inter alia , from the areas of cooperation identified hereafter , which should not be read to equate with sectors . priorities will be established in accordance with the communication from the commission to the european parliament , the council and the european economic and social committee and the committee of the regions ' increasing the impact of eu development policy : an agenda for change ' and with the subsequent conclusions from the council institutions . ### geographic programmes shall be drawn from the european consensus and the areas of cooperation identified hereafter , which should not be read to equate with sectors . priorities will be established in cooperation with the respective partner country or region , including the involvement of civil society and parliaments , and will be guided by the millennium development goals .


### democracy , human rights and the rule of law ; ### democracy , human rights , labour rights and the rule of law ;


### natural resources ; and ### sustainable , transparent and inclusive management of natural resources ; and


### business environment , regional integration and world markets ; ### business environment , regional integration , and trade on local , domestic , regional and world markets ;


### encouraging social cohesion , in particular social inclusion , decent work and equity , gender equality and women empowerment ; ### encouraging social cohesion , in particular social inclusion , labour rights , decent work and equity , including support for trade unions and cooperatives , gender equality and women empowerment ;


### addressing economic vulnerability and contributing to structural transformation by establishing a strong partnerships around trade , investments , know - how and research , innovation and technology , and promoting sustainable and inclusive growth in all its dimensions , with particular attention to the challenges of migratory flows , food security , climate change , sustainable energies and the protection and enhancement of biodiversity and ecosystem services , including water and forests , as well as on productive investment for more and better jobs in the green economy ; ### addressing economic vulnerability and contributing to structural transformation by establishing a strong partnerships around fair trade relations , productive investments for more and better jobs in the green and inclusive economy , knowledge transfer and cooperation in research , innovation and technology , and promoting sustainable and inclusive growth in all its dimensions , with particular attention to the challenges of migratory flows , food security , climate change , sustainable energies and the protection and enhancement of biodiversity and ecosystem services , including water , soil and forests ; supporting the development of micro , small and medium enterprises as the main source for inclusive growth , development and jobs ; promoting development aid for trade to ensure that latin american msmes can benefit from international trading opportunities ;


### establishing inclusive partnerships around trade , investment , aid , migration , research , innovation and technology ; ### contributing to structural transformation by establishing inclusive partnerships around fair trade relations , productive investments for more and better jobs in the green and inclusive economy , knowledge transfer and cooperation in research , innovation and technology , and promoting sustainable and inclusive growth in all its dimensions , with particular attention to the challenges of migratory flows , food security , climate change , sustainable energies and the protection and enhancement of biodiversity and ecosystem services , including water , soil and forests ;


### supporting an active and organised civil society for development and fostering public private partnerships ; ### supporting an active and organised civil society including the strengthening of trade unions and employers organisations for social dialogue ;


### promoting constitutional reform and legislative , regulatory and administrative approximation with the union , including further democratisation and organised civil society , support for the rule of law , good governance , taxation and strengthening of national institutions and bodies , such as election bodies , parliaments , public administration reform and public financial management ; ### promoting constitutional reform and legislative , regulatory and administrative approximation with the union , with a focus on further democratisation , respect for human rights , strengthening of an organised civil society , including trade unions and employers organisations for social dialogue , support for the rule of law , good governance , taxation and strengthening of national institutions and bodies , such as election bodies , parliaments , an independent judiciary , public administration reform and public financial management ;


### promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth , addressing social and regional inequalities , and supporting policies in areas such as education , research , innovation and technology , health , decent work , sustainable energy , agriculture and rural development , fostering smes , while stimulating the development of a market economy , trade and investment , including regulatory reforms and the support for integration into the wto ; ### promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth , addressing social and regional inequalities , and supporting policies in areas such as education , research , innovation and technology , health , decent work , sustainable energy , agriculture and rural development ; promoting economic diversification by supporting msmes , while stimulating the development of a social market economy , trade and investment , including regulatory reforms and the support for integration into the wto ;


### promoting sustainable economic reform and diversification , trade , the development of a market economy , productive and sustainable investment in the main sectors , public private partnerships , and partner countries ' integration in the wto ; ### promoting sustainable economic reform and diversification , fair trade relations , the development of a social market economy , productive and sustainable investment in the main sectors , and partner countries ' integration in the wto ;


### complementing resources deployed under this instrument by coherent work and support through other eu instruments , which may focus on wider regional integration , promoting the eu’s interests in fields such as economy , energy , research , innovation and technology , fighting against production , consumption and trafficking of drugs in the context of the security and development nexus , as well as managing migration and helping displaced persons and refugees in the context of the development and migration nexus . ### complementing resources deployed under this instrument by coherent work and support through other eu instruments , which may focus on wider regional integration , promoting mutual interests in fields such as sustainable economy , energy , research , innovation and technology ; supporting the development of reliable , accessible and user - friendly channels of financing , including micro - credit and counter - guarantee schemes by the european investment bank ; fighting against production , consumption and trafficking of drugs in the context of the security and development nexus , as well as managing migration and helping displaced persons and refugees in the context of the development and migration nexus .


### overcoming economic vulnerability and achieving structural transformation with emphasis on decent employment through sustained and inclusive economic growth , a low carbon green economy and sustainable development in all its dimensions and enhancement of biodiversity and ecosystem services ; ### addressing economic vulnerability and contributing to structural transformation with emphasis on decent employment through sustained and inclusive economic growth and a low carbon economy by establishing a strong partnerships around fair trade relations , productive investments for more and better jobs in the green and inclusive economy , knowledge transfer and cooperation in research , innovation and technology , and promoting sustainable and inclusive development in all its dimensions , with particular attention to the challenges of migratory flows , housing , food security , climate change , sustainable energies and the protection and enhancement of biodiversity and ecosystem services , including water and soil ;


### in compliance with the conditions laid down in article 6 , the global public goods and challenges programme aims at strengthening cooperation , exchange of knowledge and experience and partner countries ' capacities . the programme may be drawn inter alia from the following areas of cooperation , ensuring a maximum synergy amongst them in light of their strong interconnection : ### in compliance with the conditions laid down in article 6 , the global public goods and challenges programme aims at strengthening cooperation , exchange of knowledge and experience and partner countries ' capacities . the programme shall be drawn from the european consensus for development and the following areas of cooperation , ensuring a maximum synergy amongst them in light of their strong interconnection :


### promoting actions aiming at creating more and better jobs , in areas such as developing the competitiveness and resilience of local msmes and their integration into the global economy , assisting developing countries to integrate into the multilateral trading system , developing the private sector and improving the business environment , supporting the definition and implementation of industrial innovation and technology policies and of trade policies and agreements , supporting regional integration efforts , promoting investment relations between the eu and partner countries and regions and leveraging private and public investment and cooperation through innovative financial instruments . promoting the green economy , resource efficiency and sustainable consumption and production processes . promoting the use of electronic communications as a tool to support growth across all sectors in order to bridge the digital divide , to achieve an adequate policy and regulatory framework in this area and promoting the development of necessary infrastructure and the use of services and applications based on ict . ### promoting actions aiming at creating more and better jobs , in areas such as developing the competitiveness and resilience of local msmes and their access to local , national , regional and global markets , assisting developing countries to integrate into regional and multilateral trading systems , developing the private sector including micro - credit schemes , and improving the business environment , supporting the definition and implementation of industrial innovation and technology policies and of fair trade relations , capacity building with regard to the negotiation of trade agreements , supporting regional integration efforts , leveraging private and public investment and cooperation through innovative financial instruments . priority should be given to promotion of trade with domestic impact in the partner country and trade that benefits the small operators and the poor . aid for trade should be better targeted . promoting the green and inclusive economy , resource efficiency and sustainable consumption and production processes . promoting the use of electronic communications as a tool to support growth across all sectors in order to bridge the digital divide , to achieve an adequate policy and regulatory framework in this area and promoting the development of necessary infrastructure and the use of services and applications based on ict .


### measures in and in relation to third countries supported through this instrument should be taken in synergy and coherence with other actions outside the union supported through union external assistance instruments , both geographic and thematic . in particular , in implementing such actions full coherence should be sought with the principles and general objectives of the union external action and foreign policy related to the country or region in question . they should not be intended to support actions directly development - oriented and they should complement , when appropriate , the financial assistance provided through external aid instruments . coherence will also be sought with the union humanitarian policy , in particular as regards the implementation of emergency measures . ### measures in and in relation to third countries supported through this instrument should be taken in synergy and coherence with other actions outside the union supported through union external assistance instruments , both geographic and thematic . in particular , in implementing such actions full coherence should be sought with the principles and general objectives of the union external action and foreign policy related to the country or region in question , democratic principles and values , fundamental liberties and rights , the rule of law and the sovereignty of third countries . they should not be intended to support actions directly development - oriented and they should complement , when appropriate , the financial assistance provided through external aid instruments . coherence will also be sought with the union humanitarian policy , in particular as regards the implementation of emergency measures .


### provided that any access rights to the results can be exercised and that any additional exploitation obligations are complied with , the participant who owns results may grant licences or otherwise give the right to exploit them to any legal entity , including on an exclusive basis . ### provided that any access rights to the results can be exercised and that any additional exploitation obligations are complied with , the participant who owns results may grant licences or otherwise give the right to exploit them to any legal entity , including on an exclusive basis . where the results belonging to a participant can be used to tackle major societal challenges , and the participant transfers rights to another party , this transfer shall occur according to the principles of ' global access licensing ' , i . e . in a way that ensures maximum uptake of results and reduces the barriers for future innovation .


### with regard to results which are generated by participants that have received union funding , the commission or funding body may object to transfers of ownership or to grants of an exclusive licence , to third parties established in a third country not associated to horizon 2020 , if it considers that the grant or transfer is not in accordance with the interests of developing the competitiveness of the union economy or is inconsistent with ethical principles or security considerations . ### with regard to results which are generated by participants that have received union funding , the commission or funding body may object to transfers of ownership or to grants of an exclusive licence , to third parties established in a third country not associated to horizon 2020 , if it considers that the grant or transfer is not in accordance with the interests of developing the competitiveness of the union economy or is inconsistent with ethical principles or security considerations or is likely to obstruct access to the resulting products in a way harmful to the public interest .


### in line with the europe 2020 strategy , the programme should pursue a coherent approach to promoting employment and combating social exclusion and poverty . its implementation should be rationalised and simplified , notably through a set of common provisions including , inter alia , general objectives , typology of actions , monitoring and evaluation arrangements . the programme should also focus on large projects with clear eu added value in order to reach critical mass and reduce administrative burden for both the beneficiaries and the commission . in addition , greater use should be made of simplified cost options in particular for the implementation of mobility schemes . the programme should be a one - stop shop for microfinance providers , providing financing for micro - credit , capacity building and technical assistance . lastly , the programme should provide for budgetary flexibility through the establishment of a reserve to be allocated on an annual basis in order to respond to policy priorities . ### the programme should pursue a coherent approach to promoting employment and combating social exclusion and poverty . its implementation should be rationalised and simplified , notably through a set of common provisions including , inter alia , general objectives , typology of actions , monitoring and evaluation arrangements . the programme should also focus on large projects with clear eu added value in order to reach critical mass and reduce administrative burden for both the beneficiaries and the commission . in addition , greater use should be made of simplified cost options in particular for the implementation of mobility schemes . the programme should be a one - stop shop for microfinance providers , providing financing for micro - credit , capacity building , technological improvement and modernisation and technical assistance . lastly , the programme should provide for budgetary flexibility through the establishment of a reserve to be allocated on an annual basis in order to respond to policy priorities .


### the microfinance and social entrepreneurship axis , which shall facilitate access to finance for entrepreneurs , especially those furthest from the labour market , and social enterprises . ### the microfinance and social entrepreneurship axis , which shall facilitate access to finance for entrepreneurs , especially those furthest from the labour market , and social enterprises , especially cooperatives , mutuals and micro - enterprises .


### support the development of adequate , accessible and efficient social protection systems and labour markets and facilitate policy reform , by promoting good governance , mutual learning and social innovation ; ### support the development of adequate , accessible and efficient public social protection systems and labour markets and facilitate policy reform , by promoting good governance , mutual learning and social innovation ;


### promote workers’ geographical mobility and boost employment opportunities by developing union labour markets that are open and accessible to all ; ### guarantee workers the possibility of geographical mobility not imposed by unemployment or other social problems , and boost employment opportunities with social and labour rights , that are accessible to all ;


### promote employment and social inclusion by increasing the availability and accessibility of microfinance for vulnerable groups and micro - enterprises , and by increasing access to finance for social enterprises . ### promote employment and social inclusion by increasing the availability and accessibility of microfinance for vulnerable groups and micro - enterprises and by increasing access to finance for social enterprises , as a means of improving their liquidity and independence .


### this directive respects the fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised in particular by the charter of fundamental rights of the european union . in particular this directive seeks to promote the application of articles 1 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 24 and 47 of the charter and has to be implemented accordingly . ### this directive respects the fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised in particular by the charter of fundamental rights of the european union . in particular this directive seeks to promote the application of articles 1 , 4 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 24 and 47 of the charter and has to be implemented accordingly .


### member states shall ensure that organizations providing advice and counseling to applicants for international protection have access to the border crossing points , including transit zones , and detention facilities subject to an agreement with the competent authorities of the member state . ### member states shall ensure that organizations providing advice , counselling and legal representation to applicants for international protection have access to the border crossing points , including transit zones , and detention facilities .


### precise and up - to - date information is obtained from various sources , such as the united nations high commissioner for refugees and the european asylum support office , as to the general situation prevailing in the countries of origin of applicants and , where necessary , in countries through which they have transited , and that such information is made available to the personnel responsible for examining applications and taking decisions and , where the determining authority takes it into consideration for the purpose of taking a decision , to the applicant and his / her legal adviser ; ### precise and up - to - date information is obtained from various sources , such as the united nations high commissioner for refugees , the european asylum support office and international human rights organisations , as to the general situation prevailing in the countries of origin of applicants and , where necessary , in countries through which they have transited , and that such information is made available to the personnel responsible for examining applications and taking decisions and , where the determining authority takes it into consideration for the purpose of taking a decision , to the applicant and his / her legal adviser ;


### the conditions and criteria on the basis of which an application for a single permit can be rejected is laid down in national law including the obligation to respect the principle of community preference as expressed in particular in the relevant provisions of the acts of accession of 16 april 2003 and 25 april 2005 . ### the conditions and criteria on the basis of which an application for a single permit can be rejected should be transparent , objective , verifiable and laid down in national law .


### the single permit should take the harmonized format of the residence permit in accordance with regulation no 1030 / 2002 , laying down a uniform format for residence permits for third - country nationals , enabling the member states to enter information , in particular as to whether or not the person is permitted to work . member states should indicate – also for the purpose of better control of migration – not only in the single permit but also in all the issued residence permits the information relating to the permission to work irrespective of the type of the permit or the residence title on the basis of which the third country national has been admitted to the territory of a member state and has been given access to the labour market of that member state . ### the single permit should take the harmonised format of the residence permit in accordance with regulation no 1030 / 2002 , laying down a uniform format for residence permits for third - country nationals , enabling the member states to enter further information .


### member states shall examine the application and adopt a decision to grant , to modify or to renew the single permit if the applicant fulfils the requirements specified in national law . the decision granting , modifying or renewing the single permit shall constitute one combined title encompassing both residence and work permit within one administrative act . ### member states shall examine the application and adopt a decision to grant , to modify or to renew the single permit if the applicant fulfils the requirements specified in national law . to the extent that applications to reside and work in the territory of a member state are concomitant , the decision granting , modifying or renewing the single permit shall constitute one combined title encompassing both residence and work permit within one administrative act .


### if the information supporting the application is inadequate , the designated authority shall notify the applicant of the additional information that is required . the period referred to in paragraph 2 shall be suspended until the authorities have received the additional information required . ### if the information or the documents supporting the application are incomplete according to publicly specified criteria , the competent authority shall notify the applicant of the additional information or documents that are required . if applicable , it shall also inform the applicant as to where to get the information or the documents . the period referred to in paragraph 2 shall be suspended until the authorities have received the additional information required .


### any decision rejecting the application , not granting , modifying or renewing , suspending or withdrawing a single permit shall be open to challenge before the courts of the member state concerned . the written notification shall specify the possible redress procedures available and the time - limit for taking action . ### any decision rejecting the application , not granting , modifying or renewing , suspending or withdrawing a single permit shall be open to challenge before the courts of the member state concerned . in such cases , third - country nationals shall enjoy the same procedural guarantees as are provided for citizens of the member state concerned , including , where applicable , any free legal aid . the written notification shall specify the court or the competent administrative authority with which the person concerned may lodge an appeal and the time - limit for such appeal .


### member states shall take the necessary measures to inform the third - country national and the future employer on all the documentary evidence they need in order to complete the application . ### member states shall take the necessary measures to inform the third - country national and the future employer automatically , immediately and comprehensively on all the documentary evidence they need in order to complete the application .


### member states may request applicants to pay fees for handling applications in accordance with this directive . the level of fees must be proportionate and may be based on the principle of the service actually provided . ### member states may not request applicants to pay fees for handling applications in accordance with this directive .


### periodically , and for the first time no later than three years after the date specified in article 16 , the commission shall report to the european parliament and the council on the application of this directive in the member states and shall propose any amendments deemed necessary . ### periodically , and for the first time no later than two years after the date specified in article 16 , the commission shall report to the european parliament and the council on the application of this directive in the member states and shall propose any amendments deemed necessary .


### article 3 of directive 2009 / 28 / ec on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable energy sources and amending and subsequently repealing directives 2001 / 777 / ec and 2003 / 30 / ec requires member states to ensure that the share of energy from renewable energy sources in all forms of transport in 2020 is at least 10% of their final energy consumption . the blending of biofuels is one of the methods available for member states to meet this target , and is expected to be the main contributor . ### given the negative climate impact linked to biofuels competing with agricultural land , the obligation under article 3 of directive 2009 / 28 / ec on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable energy sources and amending and subsequently repealing directives 2001 / 777 / ec and 2003 / 30 / ec should be replaced by a requirement on member states to ensure that the share of energy from advanced transport energy sources in all forms of transport in 2020 is at least 3% of their final energy consumption . the blending of advanced biofuels and renewable energy from non - biological origin is one of the methods available for member states to meet this target , and is expected to be the main contributor .


### article 3 of directive 2009 / 28 / ec on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable energy sources and amending and subsequently repealing directives 2001 / 777 / ec and 2003 / 30 / ec requires member states to ensure that the share of energy from renewable energy sources in all forms of transport in 2020 is at least 10% of their final energy consumption . the blending of biofuels is one of the methods available for member states to meet this target , and is expected to be the main contributor . ### article 3 of directive 2009 / 28 / ec on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable energy sources and amending and subsequently repealing directives 2001 / 777 / ec and 2003 / 30 / ec requires member states to ensure that the share of energy from renewable energy sources in all forms of transport in 2020 is at least 10% of their final energy consumption . the need for reducing the energy consumption in the transport sector is imperative because a mandatory percentage target for energy from renewable sources is likely to become increasingly difficult to achieve sustainably if overall demand for energy for transport continues to rise . the use of electricity from renewable energy sources and blending of zero and low iluc biofuels are other methods available for member states to meet this target .


### in view of the union ' s objectives to further reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the significant contribution that road transport fuels make to those emissions , article 7a of directive 98 / 70 / ec relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and amending council directive 93 / 12 / ec requires fuel suppliers to reduce by at least 6% by 31 december 2020 the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions per unit of energy of fuels used in the union by road vehicles , non - road mobile machinery , agricultural and forestry tractors and recreational craft when not at sea . the blending of biofuels is one of the methods available for fossil fuel suppliers to reduce the greenhouse gas intensity of the fossil fuels supplied . ### in view of the union ' s objectives to further reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the significant contribution that road transport fuels make to those emissions , article 7a of directive 98 / 70 / ec relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and amending council directive 93 / 12 / ec [ 1 ] requires fuel suppliers to reduce by at least 6% by 31 december 2020 the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions per unit of energy of fuels used in the union by road vehicles , non - road mobile machinery , agricultural and forestry tractors and recreational craft when not at sea . the blending of zero or low greenhouse gas emissions biofuels and other fuels derived from unavoidable waste gas using carbon capture and utilisation for transport purposes are among the methods available for fossil fuel suppliers to reduce the greenhouse gas intensity of the fossil fuels supplied . in order to ensure investment security for such advanced transport fuels , the 2020 target should be complemented with a binding annual trajectory leading to 10% reductions in greenhouse gas intensity of fuels used in the union in 2025 .


### the commission should review the effectiveness of the measures introduced by this directive , based on the best and latest available scientific evidence , in limiting indirect land - use change greenhouse gas emissions and addressing ways to further minimise that impact , which could include the introduction of estimated indirect land - use change emission factors in the sustainability scheme as of 1st january 2021 . ### the commission should review the effectiveness of the measures introduced by this directive , based on the best and latest available and publicly funded scientific evidence , in limiting indirect land - use change greenhouse gas emissions in the union and third countries exporting to the union and addressing ways to further minimise that impact by including estimated indirect land - use change emission factors in the sustainability scheme as soon as this directive enters into force . the commission will also propose further measures such as a possible import ban on biofuels and bioliquids that contribute to increased greenhouse gas emissions through indirect land use change .


### paragraph 2 is replaced by the following : ' 2 . the greenhouse gas emission saving from the use of biofuels and bioliquids taken into account for the purposes referred to in paragraph 1 shall be at least 60 % for biofuels and bioliquids produced in installations starting operation after 1st july 2014 . an installation is “in operation” if the physical production of biofuels or bioliquids has taken place . in the case of installations that were in operation on or before 1st of july 2014 , for the purposes referred to in paragraph 1 , biofuels and bioliquids shall achieve a greenhouse gas emission saving of at least 35% until 31 december 2017 and at least 50% from 1 january 2018 . the greenhouse gas emission saving from the use of biofuels and bioliquids shall be calculated in accordance with article 7d . ' ### paragraph 2 is replaced by the following : ' 2 . the greenhouse gas emission saving from the use of biofuels and bioliquids taken into account for the purposes referred to in paragraph 1 shall be at least 60 % for biofuels and bioliquids produced in all installations starting operation after 1st july 2015 . an installation is “in operation” if the physical production of biofuels or bioliquids has taken place . in the case of installations that were in operation on or before 1st of july 2015 , for the purposes referred to in paragraph 1 , biofuels and bioliquids shall achieve a greenhouse gas emission saving of at least 35% until 31 december 2017 and at least 60% from 1 january 2018 . the greenhouse gas emission saving from the use of biofuels and bioliquids shall be calculated in accordance with article 7d . '


### paragraph 2 is replaced by the following : ' 2 . the greenhouse gas emission saving from the use of biofuels and bioliquids taken into account for the purposes referred to in paragraph 1 shall be at least 60 % for biofuels and bioliquids produced in installations starting operation after 1st july 2014 . an installation is “in operation” if the physical production of biofuels or bioliquids has taken place . in the case of installations that were in operation on or before 1st of july 2014 , for the purposes referred to in paragraph 1 , biofuels and bioliquids shall achieve a greenhouse gas emission saving of at least 35% until 31 december 2017 and at least 50% from 1 january 2018 . the greenhouse gas emission saving from the use of biofuels and bioliquids shall be calculated in accordance with article 19 . ' ### paragraph 2 is replaced by the following : ' 2 . the greenhouse gas emission saving from the use of biofuels and bioliquids taken into account for the purposes referred to in paragraph 1 shall be at least 60 % for biofuels and bioliquids produced in all installations starting operation after 1st july 2015 . an installation is “in operation” if the physical production of biofuels or bioliquids has taken place . in the case of installations that were in operation on or before 1st of july 2015 , for the purposes referred to in paragraph 1 , biofuels and bioliquids shall achieve a greenhouse gas emission saving of at least 35% until 31 december 2017 and at least 60% from 1 january 2018 . the greenhouse gas emission saving from the use of biofuels and bioliquids shall be calculated in accordance with article 19 . '


### ' 5 . by 31 december 2012 at the latest and every two years thereafter , the commission shall draw up a report on the estimated typical and default values in parts b and e of annex iv , paying special attention to greenhouse gas emissions from transport and processing . ### ' 5 . by 31 december 2012 at the latest and every two years thereafter , the commission shall draw up and publish a report on the estimated typical and default values in parts b and e of annex iv , paying special attention to greenhouse gas emissions from transport and processing .


### ' 6 . the commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts pursuant to article 10a concerning the adaptation to technical and scientific progress of annex v , including by the revision of the proposed crop group indirect land - use change values ; the introduction of new values at further levels of disaggregation ; the inclusion of additional values should new biofuel feedstocks come to market as appropriate , review the categories of which biofuels are assigned zero indirect land - use change emissions ; and the development of factors for feedstocks from non - food cellulosic and ligno - cellulosic materials . ### ' 6 . the commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts pursuant to article 10a concerning the adaptation to technical and scientific progress of annex v , including by the revision of the proposed crop group indirect land - use change values ; the introduction of new values at further levels of disaggregation ; the inclusion of additional values should new biofuel feedstocks come to market as appropriate , review the categories of which biofuels are assigned zero indirect land - use change emissions ; and the development of factors for feedstocks from non - food cellulosic and ligno - cellulosic materials , provided they encourage research and development in respect of innovative technologies in the member states and reflect the need to improve the security of supply in diesel - type fuels .


### the delegation of power referred to in article 3 , article 5 , the third subparagraph of article 17 , articles 19 , 19 and 19 shall be conferred on the commission for an indeterminate period of time from [ the date of entry into force of this directive ] . ### the delegation of power referred to in article 2 , article 3 , article 5 , the third subparagraph of article 17 , articles 19 , 19 19 and 19 shall be conferred on the commission for a period of four years from [ the date of entry into force of this directive ] . the commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power not later than nine months before the end of the four - year period . the delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration unless the european parliament or the council opposes such extension not later than three months before the end of each period .


### this regulation respects the fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised in particular by the charter of fundamental rights of the european union , notably human dignity , prohibition of torture and of inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment , right to liberty and security , the rights to the protection of personal data , right to asylum , non - refoulement , non discrimination , the rights of the child and right to an effective remedy . this regulation should be applied by the member states in accordance with these rights and principles . ### this regulation respects and observes the fundamental rights and principles recognised in particular by the charter of fundamental rights of the european union , notably human dignity , prohibition of torture and of inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment , right to liberty and security , the rights to the protection of personal data , right to asylum , non - refoulement , non discrimination , the rights of the child and right to an effective remedy in their entirety . this regulation should be applied mandatorily by the member states in accordance with these rights and principles .


### the agency should provide training , including on fundamental rights , at european level for national instructors of border guards and additional training and seminars related to control and surveillance at the external borders and removal of third - country nationals illegally present in the member states for officers of the competent national services . the agency may organise training activities in cooperation with member states on their territory . member states should integrate the results of the agency’s work in this perspective in the national training programs of their border guards . ### the agency should provide training on fundamental rights , international law and the structure of national asylum authorities at european level for national instructors of border guards and additional training and seminars related to control and surveillance at the external borders and removal of third - country nationals irregularly present in the member states for officers of the competent national services . the agency may organise training activities in cooperation with member states on their territory . member states should integrate the results of the agency’s work in this perspective in the national training programs of their border guards .


### in most member states , the operational aspects of return of third - country nationals illegally present in the member states fall within the competencies of the authorities responsible for controlling the external borders . as there is a clear added value in performing these tasks at union level , the agency should , in full compliance with the union ' s return policy , accordingly provide the necessary assistance and coordination for organising joint return operations of member states and identify best practices on the acquisition of travel documents and define a code of conduct to be followed during the removal of third - country nationals illegally present in the territories of the member states . no union financial means should be made available for activities and operations that are not carried out in conformity with the charter of fundamental rights . ### in most member states , the operational aspects of return of third - country nationals irregularly present in the member states fall within the competencies of the authorities responsible for controlling the external borders . as there is a clear added value in performing these tasks at union level , the agency should , in full compliance with the union ' s return policy , accordingly provide the necessary assistance and coordination for organising joint return operations of member states and identify best practices on the acquisition of travel documents and define a code of conduct to be followed during the removal of third - country nationals irregularly present in the territories of the member states . no activities or operations that are not in conformity with the charter of fundamental rights should be carried out or financed by the union . in the event of a violation of the charter of fundamental rights , return operations should be suspended and the matter investigated .


### while considering that the responsibility for the control and surveillance of external borders lies with the member states , the agency shall facilitate and render more effective the application of existing and future european union measures relating to the management of external borders , in particular the schengen borders code , and in accordance with relevant union law , international law , obligations related to access to international protection , and fundamental rights . it shall do so by ensuring the coordination of member states ' actions in the implementation of those measures , thereby contributing to an efficient , high and uniform level of control on persons and surveillance of the external borders of the member states . ### while considering that the responsibility for the control and surveillance of external borders lies with the member states , the agency shall facilitate and render more effective the application of existing and future european union measures relating to the management of external borders , in particular the schengen borders code , and in accordance with relevant union law , international law , obligations related to access to international protection , and fundamental rights . it shall do so by ensuring the coordination of member states ' actions in the implementation of those measures , thereby contributing to an efficient , high and uniform level of control on persons and surveillance of the external borders of the member states . in the event of a breach of international law or the charter of fundamental rights , in particular articles 1 , 4 , 6 , 18 and 19 thereof , the suspension of the work of the agency for operational cooperation at the external borders of the member states of the european union shall be mandatory .


### all border guards and other personnel of the member states , as well as the staff of the agency shall , prior to their participation in operational activities organised by the agency , have received training in relevant eu and international law , including fundamental rights and access to international protection . ### all border guards and other personnel of the member states , as well as the staff of the agency shall , prior to their participation in operational activities organised by the agency , have received training in relevant eu and international law , including fundamental rights and access to international protection and provide evidence of passing a final exam .


### the agency shall evaluate the results of the joint operations and pilot projects and transmit the detailed evaluation reports within 60 days following the end of the activity to the management board . the agency shall make a comprehensive comparative analysis of those results with a view to enhancing the quality , coherence and efficiency of future operations and projects to be included in its general report provided for in article 20 . ### the agency shall evaluate the results of the joint operations and transmit the detailed evaluation reports within 60 days following the end of the activity to the management board and the european parliament . the agency shall make a comprehensive comparative analysis of those results with a view to enhancing the legality , quality , coherence and efficiency of future operations to be included in its general report provided for in article 20 .


### the agency shall develop a code of conduct for the return of illegally present third - country nationals by air which shall apply during all joint return operations coordinated by the agency , describing common standardized procedures which should simplify the organisation of joint return flights and assure return in a humane manner and in full respect for fundamental rights , in particular the principles of human dignity , prohibition of torture and of inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment , right to liberty and security , the rights to the protection of personal data and non discrimination . ### the agency shall develop a code of conduct in cooperation with the european parliament for the return of irregularly present third - country nationals by air which shall apply bindingly during all joint return operations coordinated by the agency , describing common standardized procedures and fully respecting fundamental rights , in particular the principles of human dignity , prohibition of torture and of inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment , right to liberty and security , the rights to the protection of personal data and non discrimination and affording substantive protection from collective deportation .


### adequate planning of waste shipment inspections is necessary to establish the capacity needed for waste shipment inspections and effectively prevent illegal shipments . the provisions on enforcement and inspections in article 50 of regulation no 1013 / 2006 should therefore be strengthened with a view to ensuring regular and consistent planning of inspections . planning should include a number of key elements , including risk assessments , strategies , objectives , priorities , numbers and types of planned inspections , assignment of tasks , means of cooperation between authorities and provisions on training of inspectors . ### adequate planning of waste shipment inspections is necessary to establish the capacity needed for waste shipment inspections and effectively prevent illegal shipments . the provisions on enforcement and inspections in article 50 of regulation no 1013 / 2006 should therefore be strengthened with a view to ensuring regular and consistent planning of inspections . planning should include a number of key elements , including risk assessments , strategies , objectives , priorities , numbers and types of planned inspections , assignment of tasks , means of cooperation between authorities and provisions on training of inspectors . taking a holistic approach , the union will evaluate whether the individual member states ' plans are able to ensure effective inspection , coverage and compliance with this regulation


### the plans shall be reviewed at least annually and , where appropriate , updated . the review shall evaluate to which extent the objectives and other elements of the plans have been implemented . ### by march each year , the above - mentioned plans shall be communicated to the commission . the commission within 3 months shall evaluate whether collectively the plans of the individual member states are considered satisfactory in order to achieve compliance with this regulation . in the opposite case , the european commission will be invited to proceed with recommendations for the efficient inspection and coverage of the union territory .


### having due regard to articles 93 , 107 and 108 of the treaty , member states may also provide the infrastructure manager with financing consistent with its tasks , the size of the infrastructure and financial requirements , in particular in order to cover new investments . ### without prejudice to article 31 and 32 and having due regard to articles 93 , 107 and 108 of the treaty , member states shall provide the infrastructure manager with financing consistent with its tasks , the size of the infrastructure and financial requirements , in particular in order to cover new investments .